Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SRB: shared running buffers in proxy to exploit memory locality of multiple streaming media sessions

With the falling price of the memory, an increasing number of multimedia servers and proxies are now equipped with a large DRAM memory space. Caching media objects in the memory of a proxy helps to reduce network traffic, disk I/O bandwidth requirement, and data delivery latency. The running buffer approach and its alternatives are representative techniques to cache streaming data in the memory. However, there are two limits in the existing techniques. First, although multiple running buffers for the same media object co-exist in a given processing period, data sharing among the multiple buffers is not considered. Second, user access patterns are not insightfully considered in the buffer management. In this paper, we propose two techniques based on shared running buffers (SRB) in the proxy to address these limits. Considering user access patterns and characteristics of the requested media objects, our techniques adoptively allocate memory buffers to fully utilize the currently buffered data of streaming sessions, with the aim to reduce both the server load and the network traffic. Experimentally comparing with several existing techniques, we show that the proposed techniques have achieved significant performance improvement by effectively using the shared running buffers.
Continuous Time Regime Switching Models and Applications in Estimating Processes with Stochastic Volatility and Jumps

A regime switching model in continuous time is introduced where a variety of jumps are allowed in addition to the diffusive component. The characteristic function of the process is derived in closed form, and is subsequently employed to create the likelihood function. In addition, standard results of the option pricing literature can be employed in order to compute derivative prices. To this end, the relationship between the physical and the risk adjusted probability measure is explored. The generic relationship between Markov chains and [jump] diffusions is also investigated, and it is shown that virtually any stochastic volatility model model can be approximated arbitrarily well by a carefully chosen continuous time Markov chain. Therefore, the approach presented here can be utilized in order to estimate, filter and carry out option pricing for such continuous state-space models, without the need for simulation based approximations. An empirical example illustrates these contributions of the paper, estimating a stochastic volatility jump diffusion model.
Changes in Clinical and Microbiological Periodontal Profiles Relate to Progression of Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness: The Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study

Background No prospective studies exist on the relationship between change in periodontal clinical and microbiological status and progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods and Results The Oral Infections and Vascular Disease Epidemiology Study examined 420 participants at baseline (68±8 years old) and follow‐up. Over a 3‐year median follow‐up time, clinical probing depth (PD) measurements were made at 75 766 periodontal sites, and 5008 subgingival samples were collected from dentate participants (average of 7 samples/subject per visit over 2 visits) and quantitatively assessed for 11 known periodontal bacterial species by DNA‐DNA checkerboard hybridization. Common carotid artery intima‐medial thickness (CCA‐IMT) was measured using high‐resolution ultrasound. In 2 separate analyses, change in periodontal status (follow‐up to baseline), defined as (1) longitudinal change in the extent of sites with a ≥3‐mm probing depth (Δ%PD≥3) and (2) longitudinal change in the relative predominance of bacteria causative of periodontal disease over other bacteria in the subgingival plaque (Δetiologic dominance), was regressed on longitudinal CCA‐IMT progression adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, diabetes, smoking status, education, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Mean (SE) CCA‐IMT increased during follow‐up by 0.139±0.008 mm. Longitudinal IMT progression attenuated with improvement in clinical or microbial periodontal status. Mean CCA‐IMT progression varied inversely across quartiles of longitudinal improvement in clinical periodontal status (Δ%PD≥3) by 0.18 (0.02), 0.16 (0.01), 0.14 (0.01), and 0.07 (0.01) mm (P for trend<0.0001). Likewise, mean CCA‐IMT increased by 0.20 (0.02), 0.18 (0.02), 0.15 (0.02), and 0.12 (0.02) mm (P<0.0001) across quartiles of longitudinal improvement in periodontal microbial status (Δetiologic dominance). Conclusion Longitudinal improvement in clinical and microbial periodontal status is related to a decreased rate of carotid artery IMT progression at 3‐year average follow‐up.
Hypoxic Vasodilation by Red Blood Cells: Evidence for an S-Nitrosothiol–Based Signal

Red blood cells (RBCs) have been ascribed an essential role in matching blood flow to local metabolic demand during hypoxic vasodilation. The vasodilatory function of RBCs evidently relies on the allosteric properties of hemoglobin (Hb), which couple the conformation of Hb to tissue oxygen tension (Po2) and thereby provide a basis for the graded vasodilatory activity that is inversely proportional to Hb oxygen saturation. Although a large body of evidence indicates that the Po2-coupled allosteric transition from R (oxy)-state to T (deoxy)-state subserves the release from Hb of vasodilatory nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, it has not yet been determined whether the NO-based signal is a necessary and sufficient source of RBC-mediated vasoactivity and it has been suggested that ATP or nitrite may also contribute. We demonstrate here by bioassay that untreated human RBCs rapidly and substantially relax thoracic aorta from both rabbit and mouse at low Po2 (≈1% O2) but not at high Po2 (≈21% O2). RBC-mediated vasorelaxation is inhibited by prior depletion of S-nitroso-Hb, potentiated by low-molecular-weight thiols, and dependent on cGMP. Furthermore, these relaxations are largely endothelium-independent and unaffected by NO synthase inhibition or nitrite. Robust relaxations by RBCs are also elicited in the absence of endothelial, neuronal or inducible NO synthase. Finally, contractions that appear following resolution of RBC-mediated relaxations are dependent on NO derived from RBCs as well as the endothelium. Our results suggest that an S-nitrosothiol–based signal originating from RBCs mediates hypoxic vasodilation by RBCs, and that vasorelaxation by RBCs dominates NO-based vasoconstriction under hypoxic conditions.
A 12-Gb/s -16.8-dBm OMA Sensitivity 23-mW Optical Receiver in 65-nm CMOS

Optical interconnects are being increasingly deployed in data centers to meet growing bandwidth requirements under tight power constraints. Therefore, there has been renewed focus on increasing data rates and improving power efficiency of optical links. Among all the link components, laser diodes typically consume the most power. Their power dissipation is dictated by the amount of signal power that needs to be transmitted to meet the bit error rate requirements under given channel loss and receiver sensitivity conditions. Consequently, improving receiver sensitivity directly helps lowering laser diode power consumption. In this paper, we present design techniques to implement such high sensitivity optical receivers. To this end, we identify noise–bandwidth tradeoffs of a shunt feedback transimpedance amplifier (SF-TIA) and elucidate how they limit the maximum achievable sensitivity at a given data rate and process technology. We then propose to combine a low-bandwidth SF-TIA with a four-tap decision feedback equalizer to overcome this noise–bandwidth tradeoff. The proposed SF-TIA uses high-gain multistage amplifier and large feedback resistance and achieves greatly improved noise performance. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology and heterogeneously integrated with a photonic IC, the proposed optical receiver achieves optical modulation amplitude sensitivity of −16.8 dBm with 1.9-pJ/bit efficiency at 12 Gb/s.
Protein Backbone Torsion Angle-Based Structure Comparison and Secondary Structure Database Web Server

Structural information has been a major concern for biological and pharmaceutical studies for its intimate relationship to the function of a protein. Three-dimensional representation of the positions of protein atoms is utilized among many structural information repositories that have been published. The reliability of the torsional system, which represents the native processes of structural change in the structural analysis, was partially proven with previous structural alignment studies. Here, a web server providing structural information and analysis based on the backbone torsional representation of a protein structure is newly introduced. The web server offers functions of secondary structure database search, secondary structure calculation, and pair-wise protein structure comparison, based on a backbone torsion angle representation system. Application of the implementation in pair-wise structural alignment showed highly accurate results. The information derived from this web server might be further utilized in the field of ab initio protein structure modeling or protein homology-related analyses.
Fault-tolerant computing based on Mach

We consider the problem of providing automatic and transparent fault tolerance to arbitrary user computations based on the Mach operating system. Among the several alternatives for structuring such a system, we pursue the "task-pair backup" paradigm in detail and outline how it might be supported by Mach. Some of the new system calls and protocols that need to be incorporated into the Mach kernel and server tasks are sketched.
CPDP: A robust technique for plagiarism detection in source code

The advent of internet and growth of open source software repositories has made source code readily accessible to software developers. Although, reusing of source code has its own advantages, care must be taken to ensure that proprietary software does not infringe any licenses. In this context, plagiarism detection plays an important role. In this paper, we propose a robust technique to detect plagiarism in source code. Our approach uses a language aware token representation, which is resilient to code transformations and an improved querying and matching technique to detect plagiarism in software code. We evaluated our approach by comparing it with other plagiarism detection tools - Copy Paste Detector (CPD), Sherlock, CCFinder and Plaggie.
Mining Temporal Relational Patterns over Databases with Hybrid Time Domains

Most methods for temporal pattern mining assume that time is rep- resented by points in a straight line starting at some initial instant. Discover- ing sequential patterns in customer's transactions is a well-known application where such data mining methods have been used successfully. In this paper, we consider a new kind of temporal pattern where both interval and punctual time representation are considered. These patterns, which we call temporal point- interval patterns aim at capturing how events taking place during different time periods or at different time instants relate to each other. The datasets where these kind of patterns may appear are temporal relational databases whose rela- tions contain point or interval timestamps. We use a simple extension of Allen's Temporal Interval Logic as a formalism for specifying these temporal patterns. We also present the algorithm MILPRIT ⁄ for mining temporal point-interval patterns, which uses variants of the classical level-wise search algorithms. Be- sides, MILPRIT ⁄ allows a broad spectrum of constraints to be incorporated into the mining process. These constraints aim at restricting the search space (and so, improving the algorithm perfomance) as well as returning patterns closer to user interest. Finally, we present an extensive set of experiments of MILPRIT ⁄ executed over synthetic and real data and analyse its results.
Improved Analysis of the subsampled Randomized Hadamard Transform

This paper presents an improved analysis of a structured dimension-reduction map called the subsampled randomized Hadamard transform. This argument demonstrates that the map preserves the Euclidean geometry of an entire subspace of vectors. The new proof is much simpler than previous approaches, and it offers---for the first time---optimal constants in the estimate on the number of dimensions required for the embedding.
Full Bayesian Signi cance Test for Coe cients of Variation

New application of the Full Bayesian Signi cance Test (FBST) for precise hypotheses are presented. The FBST is an alternative to signi cance tests or, equivalently, to p-values. In the FBST we compute the evidence of the precise hypothesis. This evidence is the probability of a credible set \tangent" to the sub-manifold (of the parameter space) that de nes the null hypothesis. We use the FBST to compare coe cients of variation, in applications arising in nance and industrial engineering.
Studies on epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in vertebrate limb patterning

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulates multiple patterning events in Drosophila limb development, but its role in vertebrate limb morphogenesis has received little attention. The EGFR and several of its ligands are expressed in developing vertebrate limbs in manners consistent with potential patterning roles. To gain insight into functions of EGFR signaling in vertebrate limb development, we expressed a constitutively active EGFR in developing chick limbs in ovo. Expression of activated EGFR causes pre‐ and postaxial polydactyly, including mirror‐image–type digit duplication, likely due to induction of ectopic expression and/or modulation of genes involved in anterior–posterior (AP) patterning such as Sonic hedgehog (Shh), dHand, Patched (Ptc), Gli3, Hoxd13, Hoxd11, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2), Gremlin, and FGF4. Activation of EGFR signaling dorsalizes the limb and alters expression of the dorsal–ventral (DV) patterning genes Wnt7a, Lmx, and En1. Ectopic and/or extended FGF8 expressing apical ectodermal ridges (AERs) are also seen. Interdigital regression is inhibited and the digits fail to separate, leading to syndactyly, likely due to antiapoptotic and pro‐proliferative effects of activated EGFR signaling on limb mesoderm, and/or attenuation of interdigital Bmp4 expression. These findings suggest potential roles for EGFR signaling in AP and DV patterning, AER formation, and cell survival during limb morphogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 233:288–300, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intravenous infusion of peptide YY(3-36) potently inhibits food intake in rats.

Peptide YY (3-36) [PYY (3-36)] is postulated to act as a hormonal signal from the gut to the brain to inhibit food intake and gastric emptying. A mixed-nutrient meal produces a prolonged 2-3 h increase in plasma levels of both PYY (3-36) and PYY (1-36). We determined the dose-dependent effects of 3-h iv infusions of PYY (3-36) and PYY (1-36) (0.5-50 pmol.kg(-1). min(-1)) at dark onset on food intake in non-food-deprived rats. PYY (3-36) dose-dependently inhibited food intake: the minimal effective dose was 5 pmol.kg(-1). min(-1); the estimated potency (mean effective dose) and efficacy (maximal percent inhibition) were 15 pmol.kg(-1). min(-1) (2.6 nmol/kg) and 47%, respectively. PYY (1-36) was an order of magnitude less potent than PYY (3-36). Similar total doses of PYY (3-36) (0.9-30 nmol/kg) infused during the 15-min period just before dark onset also dose-dependently inhibited food intake, albeit with a lower potency and efficacy. Other experiments showed that PYY (3-36) inhibited food intake in sham-feeding rats and was more effective in reducing intake of a mixed-nutrient liquid diet than 15% aqueous sucrose. We conclude that: 1) iv infusions of PYY (3-36), which are more likely than ip injections to mimic postprandial increases in plasma PYY (3-36), potently inhibit food intake in a dose-dependent manner; 2) PYY (1-36) is an order of magnitude less potent than PYY (3-36); and 3) PYY (3-36) can inhibit food intake independently of its action to inhibit gastric emptying. It remains to be determined whether iv doses of PYY (3-36) that reproduce postprandial increases in plasma PYY (3-36) are sufficient to inhibit food intake.
A NOTE ON TWO APPLICATIONS OF LOGICAL MATCHING STRATEGY

This paper proposes Logical Matching Strategy for sequential pattern matching. We show the two real-world applications of the method: (1) locate repeating sequential pattern and (2) alignment-free comparison of sequential pattern of finite length using fuzzy membership values that generate automatically from the number of matches and mismatches. The results show the utility of the method by analyzing DNA sequences taken from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databank. The Logical Matching Strategy can possibly be applied to develop a method of research in sequental pattern matching.
Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virion Entry by Dominant-Negative Hck

ABSTRACT To study the role of Src family tyrosine kinases in infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), we constructed an Hck mutant, HckN, that hinders signaling from wild-type Hck. HIV-1 produced in HckN-expressing cells was significantly less infectious to HeLa–CD4–LTR–β-gal (MAGI) cells than HIV-1 produced in mock-transfected cells. The inhibitory effect of HckN was compensated for by the expression of vesicular stomatitis virus G protein. Finally, we found that the HIV-1 produced in the HckN-expressing cells entered into the cells less efficiently than did the control HIV-1. These results suggest that the Src family tyrosine kinases regulate entry of HIV-1 into target cells.
Distributed indexes design to accelerate similarity based images retrieval in airport video monitoring systems

Indexing metric spaces have long been a heated subject in the area of data processing. This paper proposes the method to accelerate similarity images retrieval in airport video monitor system via distributed indexing schema D-MVP (Distributed MVP-Tree), which divides the metric space into several pieces. Experiments on large high-dimensional metric spaces data show that D-MVP indexing model has more significant performance improvement compared with the traditional indexing structure and is highly scalable with the explosive growth of data.
Sample Complexity Bounds for Differentially Private Learning

This work studies the problem of privacy-preserving classification - namely, learning a classifier from sensitive data while preserving the privacy of individuals in the training set. In particular, the learning algorithm is required in this problem to guarantee differential privacy, a very strong notion of privacy that has gained significant attention in recent years. A natural question to ask is: what is the sample requirement of a learning algorithm that guarantees a certain level of privacy and accuracy? We address this question in the context of learning with infinite hypothesis classes when the data is drawn from a continuous distribution. We first show that even for very simple hypothesis classes, any algorithm that uses a finite number of examples and guarantees differential privacy must fail to return an accurate classifier for at least some unlabeled data distributions. This result is unlike the case with either finite hypothesis classes or discrete data domains, in which distribution-free private learning is possible, as previously shown by Kasiviswanathan et al. (2008). We then consider two approaches to differentially private learning that get around this lower bound. The first approach is to use prior knowledge about the unlabeled data distribution in the form of a reference distribution chosen independently of the sensitive data. Given such a reference , we provide an upper bound on the sample requirement that depends (among other things) on a measure of closeness between and the unlabeled data distribution. Our upper bound applies to the non-realizable as well as the realizable case. The second approach is to relax the privacy requirement, by requiring only label-privacy - namely, that the only labels (and not the unlabeled parts of the examples) be considered sensitive information. An upper bound on the sample requirement of learning with label privacy was shown by Chaudhuri et al. (2006); in this work, we show a lower bound.
SMA-MAP: A Plasma Protein Panel for Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Objectives Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) presents challenges in (i) monitoring disease activity and predicting progression, (ii) designing trials that allow rapid assessment of candidate therapies, and (iii) understanding molecular causes and consequences of the disease. Validated biomarkers of SMA motor and non-motor function would offer utility in addressing these challenges. Our objectives were (i) to discover additional markers from the Biomarkers for SMA (BforSMA) study using an immunoassay platform, and (ii) to validate the putative biomarkers in an independent cohort of SMA patients collected from a multi-site natural history study (NHS). Methods BforSMA study plasma samples (N = 129) were analyzed by immunoassay to identify new analytes correlating to SMA motor function. These immunoassays included the strongest candidate biomarkers identified previously by chromatography. We selected 35 biomarkers to validate in an independent cohort SMA type 1, 2, and 3 samples (N = 158) from an SMA NHS. The putative biomarkers were tested for association to multiple motor scales and to pulmonary function, neurophysiology, strength, and quality of life measures. We implemented a Tobit model to predict SMA motor function scores. Results 12 of the 35 putative SMA biomarkers were significantly associated (p<0.05) with motor function, with a 13th analyte being nearly significant. Several other analytes associated with non-motor SMA outcome measures. From these 35 biomarkers, 27 analytes were selected for inclusion in a commercial panel (SMA-MAP) for association with motor and other functional measures. Conclusions Discovery and validation using independent cohorts yielded a set of SMA biomarkers significantly associated with motor function and other measures of SMA disease activity. A commercial SMA-MAP biomarker panel was generated for further testing in other SMA collections and interventional trials. Future work includes evaluating the panel in other neuromuscular diseases, for pharmacodynamic responsiveness to experimental SMA therapies, and for predicting functional changes over time in SMA patients.
Discrete-time predictive control with overparameterized delay-plant models and an identified cancellation order

The paper presents several solutions to the discrete-time generalized predictive (GPC) controller problem, including an anticipative filtration mechanism, which are suitable for plants with nonzero transportation delays. Necessary modifications of the GPC design procedure required for controlling plants based on their non-minimal models are discussed in detail. Although inevitably invoking the troublesome pole-zero cancellation problem, such models can be used in adaptive systems as a remedy for the uncertainty or variability of the model order. The purpose of this paper is to present a complete GPC controller design for delay plants that is robust to the overparameterization of the plant model. Refined conditions for the existence and stability of GPC control solutions in terms of pertinent design parameters are given, and explicit forms of closed-loop characteristic polynomials are provided. The issue of identifying the model cancellation order is also considered, and practical solutions are proposed. The presented ideas are illustrated numerically.