Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Does Research Say about Agile and Architecture?

Agile has been used to refer to a software development paradigm that emphasizes rapid and flexible development. In the meanwhile, we have through our practical experiences in scaling up agile methods, noticed that architecture plays an important role. Due to the inter-relationship between agile methods and architecture, as well as divergent perceptions on their correlation stated in numerous sources, we are motivated to find out how these perceptions are supported by findings in the research community in general and in empirical studies in particular. To fully benefit from agile practices and architectural disciplines, we need empirical data on the perceived and experienced impacts of introducing agile methods to existing software development process, as well as correlations between agile and architecture. In this paper, we survey the research literature for statements made regarding the relationship between agile development and software architecture. The main findings are that there is a lack of scientific support for many of the claims that are concerned with agile and architecture, and more empirical studies are needed to fully reveal the benefits and drawbacks implied by an agile software development method.
Utilizing sport to build trust – the case of Cyprus

Abstract The Republic of Cyprus became an independent state in 1960. It has been de facto divided since 1974. Efforts over the past 30 years to solve the Cyprus problem and reunify the island have not yet been successful yet. Various attempts have been made at different levels from politicians, professionals and the United Nations to bring the two communities on the island together but again these attempts have been without success. Sport has never been utilized in these attempts. Sports carry specific rules, norms and values that are in many instances more flexible than the ones adapted in general in social settings. Sport has been perceived as being a great socialization agent. The code of ethics in sports allow participants to interact at a different level, thus developing trust that can be transferred to other areas of life. Thus, the organization of summer camps through the “Doves Olympic Movement” presents the first attempt on the island of Cyprus to utilize sport and related activities to build trust in Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot children. The purpose of the project was to enhance favourable development and relationships between Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot youths from the two communities in conflict. This paper examines the impact that the summer camps had on the children and instructors who participated in the camps, and how this participation managed to change their perceptions in relation to specific issues.
Enterotoxin-Based Mucosal Adjuvants Lymphocyte Responses Induced by MHC Class I-Restricted Cytotoxic

The ability of enterotoxin-based mucosal adjuvants to induce CD8 1 MHC class I-restricted CTL responses to a codelivered bystander Ag was examined. Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT), or derivatives of LT carrying mutations in the A subunit (LTR72, LTK63), were tested in parallel with cholera toxin (CT) or a fusion protein consisting of the A1 subunit of CT fused to the Ig binding domain of Staphylococcus aureus protein A (called CTA1-DD). Intranasal (i.n.) immunization of C57BL/6 mice with CT, CTA1-DD, LT, LTR72, LTK63, but not rLT-B, elicited MHC class I-restricted CD8 1 T cell responses to coadministered OVA or the OVA CTL peptide SIINFEKL (OVA 257–264 ). CT, LT, and LTR72 also induced CTL responses to OVA after s.c. or oral coimmunization whereas LTK63 only activated responses after s.c. coimmunization. rLT-B was unable to adjuvant CTL responses to OVA or OVA 257–264 administered by any route. Mice treated with an anti-CD4 mAb to deplete CD4 1 T cells mounted signiﬁcant OVA-speciﬁc CTL responses after i.n. coadministration of LT with OVA or OVA 257–264 . Both 51 Cr release assays and IFN- g enzyme-linked immunospot assays indicated that IFN- g 2 / 2 and IL-12 p40 2 / 2 gene knockout mice developed CTL responses equivalent to those detected in normal C57BL/6 mice. The results highlight the versatility of toxin-based same days. The efﬁciency of deple- tion was assessed by staining spleen and sCLN cells, with the noncompeting FITC labeled anti-CD4 mAb (clone RM4-4) (PharMingen). Appropriate FITC-labeled isotype-control Abs were used in all experiments. Stained cells were analyzed on a FACsort ﬂow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, San Diego, CA).
Structured Latent Label Consistent Dictionary Learning for Salient Machine Faults Representation-Based Robust Classification

This paper investigates the salient machine faults representation-based classification issue by dictionary learning. A novel structured latent label consistent dictionary learning (LLC-DL) model is proposed for joint discriminative salient representation and classification. Our LLC-DL deals with the tasks by solving one objective function that aims to minimize the structured reconstruction error, structured discriminative sparse-code error and classification error simultaneously. Also, LLC-DL decomposes given signals into a sparse reconstruction part over structured latent weighted discriminative dictionary, a salient feature extraction part and an error part fitting noise. Specifically, the dictionary is learnt atom by atom, where each dictionary atom is learnt with a latent vector that reduces the disturbance between interclass atoms. The structured coding coefficients are calculated via minimizing the reconstruction error and discriminative sparse code error simultaneously. The salient representations are learnt by embedding signals onto a projection and a robust linear classifier is then trained over the learned salient features directly so that features can be ensured to be optimal for classification, where robust l2 ,1-norm imposed on the classifier can make the prediction results more accurate. By including a salient feature extraction term, the classification approach of LLC-DL is very efficient, since there is no need to involve an extra time-consuming sparse reconstruction process with the well-trained dictionary for each test signal. Extensive simulations versify the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Database services for personal computers linked by a local area network

Recently, more and more personal computers are getting linked by means of a local area network. This calls for network-wide services, among others for a network database service. However, the question of an appropriate architecture for such a database system is quite open. This paper establishes a set of criteria for this evaluation and presents three possible architectures. Among them, the concept of a federative database server is introduced and is shown to be an excellent solution in many cases. Hardware dependencies are Identified and hints for optimal decisions in different hardware environments are given. Finally, the concept chosen by the authors for implementation is presented.
Doppler Characterization of a Mobile GNSS Receiver in Multipath Fading Channels

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Doppler measurements are commonly used for velocity-based relative positioning and aiding Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) in signal degraded environments. The aim of this paper is to characterise the Doppler measurements in GNSS harsh multipath environments. In multipath fading situations such as indoor and urban canyon environments, multipath components arrive to the receiver antenna from different paths and directions. These give rise to various Doppler shifts that cause errors in the velocity solution. In this work the Doppler measurements discrepancy characterised by Doppler spread in multipath environments is investigated. By assuming a ‘sphere of scatterers’ model and considering the antenna gain pattern, the theoretical Power Spectral Density (PSD) observed by a receiver is formulated. The theoretical findings are examined using two sets of measurements in dense multipath environments. Global Positioning System (GPS) live signals using non-isotropic antennas with different orientations are used for this purpose. Different motion directions are also examined using different data sets. An Assisted GPS (A-GPS) approach is utilised where the code phase and the navigation data bits are provided by a nearby outdoor antenna. By applying a ‘Block Processing’ technique, an epoch-by-epoch Doppler and velocity estimation is implemented. Herein, the Doppler and velocity measurements accuracy in addition to the Doppler spread characterization are studied. As shown both theoretically and experimentally, in harsh multipath environments the PSD of the observed signals is a function of the scatterers' geometry and the antenna gain pattern. The Doppler estimation accuracies in multipath and multipath-free cases are compared for different ranges of Carrier-to-Noise ratio (C/N 0 ). Theoretical and experimental results revealed inaccurate Doppler estimation and poor Doppler-derived velocity solutions in dense multipath environments.
Load recognition for different loads with the same real power and reactive power in a non-intrusive load-monitoring system

This paper proposes the use of power signature to recognize different loads with the same real power and reactive power in a non-intrusive load-monitoring (NILM) system. To test the performance of the proposed approach, the data sets for electrical loads were analyzed and established using an electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) and onsite load measurement. Load recognition techniques were applied in a neural network. The effectiveness of load recognition and the time requirement were analyzed and compared using a back propagation classifier method. The experiments revealed that analyzing the turn-on transient energy signatures can enhance the efficiency of load recognition, particularly for different loads with the same real power and reactive power in a NILM system, and improve ability of computational speed.
Analysis and efficient modeling of the traffic generated by broadband teleradiology applications

Future B-ISDN networks will support a wide range of new multimedia services, whose characteristics are still mostly unknown. Among them the area of multimedia communications in medicine will result one of the most critical. This class of problems is furthermore complicated if we consider the requirements of teleradiology applications that involve the transmission of large amounts of data generated by heterogeneous multiplexed sources. The paper presents the analysis of the traffic collected during a typical teleradiology session over a broadband DQDB MAN offering a connection-less LAN-to-LAN interconnection service (such as SMDS). The study confirms the fractal nature of the source. The analysis of the collected data is used to validate a new approach for on-line self-similar traffic generation. On-line generators do not require any post-processing of the data and for this reason they are suitable to be used in discrete event block oriented simulation systems to evaluate the network performance. The proposed model is a simple two-state process that is able to capture both the time and queueing statistical behaviour of the measured data. This model is also compared with a fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) generator.
Image Mining by Matching Exemplars Using Entropy

paper describes a methodology for off-line extraction of content from image and video libraries in order to sup- port complex queries at run-time. The basic technique is to detect matches for exemplars in the images using a tech- nique based on entropy that is invariant to many (and insen- sitive to others) of the imaging phenomena that can cause appearance-based techniques to fail. The technique has been successful in locating matches for exemplars even when the images are captured with completely different sensors (e.g. CCD versus FLIR). Current matching techniques are effi- cient for single images, but are likely to be prohibitively expensive for massive databases. We outline a hierarchical processing strategy that we believe has potential for search- ing such databases.
Novel Stably Transfected Human Reporter Cell Line AIZ-AR as a Tool for an Assessment of Human Androgen Receptor Transcriptional Activity

Androgen receptor plays multiple physiological and pathological roles in human organism. In the current paper, we describe construction and characterization of a novel stably transfected human reporter cell line AIZ-AR for assessment of transcriptional activity of human androgen receptor. Cell line AIZ-AR is derived from human prostate carcinoma epithelial cell line 22Rv1 that was transfected with reporter plasmid containing 3 copies of androgen response regions (ARRs) followed by a single copy of androgen response element (ARE) from the promoter region of human prostate specific antigen (PSA) gene. AIZ-AR cells remained fully functional for more than 60 days and over 25 passages in the culture and even after cryopreservation. Time-course analyses showed that AIZ-AR cells allow detection of AR ligands as soon as after 8 hours of the treatment. We performed dose-response analyses with 23 steroids in 96-well plate format. We observed activation of AR by androgens, but not by estrogens and mineralocorticoids. Some glucocorticoids and progesterone also induced luciferase, but their potencies were 2-3 orders of magnitude weaker as compared to androgens. Taken together, we have developed a rapid, sensitive, selective, high-throughput and reproducible tool for detection of human AR ligands, with potential use in pharmacological and environmental applications.
DARK ENERGY AND NEUTRINO MASS CONSTRAINTS FROM WEAK LENSING, SUPERNOVA, AND RELATIVE GALAXY AGES

ABSTRACTWe use the current weak lensing data to constrain the equation of state of dark energy w andthe total mass of massive neutrinosPm ν . The constraint on w would be weak if only the currentweak lensing data are used. With the addition of other observational data such as the type Iasupernovae, baryon acoustic oscillation, and the high redshift Hubble parameter data H(z) derivedfrom relative galaxy ages to break the degeneracy, the result is signiﬁcantly improved. For the purewCDM model without massive neutrinos, we ﬁnd w = −1.00 +0.10−0.12 . For the wCDM model with themassive neutrino component, we show that the constraint on w is almost unchanged, there is verylittle degeneracy between w andPm ν . After marginalizing over other parameters, we obtain theprobability distribution function ofPm ν , and ﬁnd that the upper limit isPm ν ≤ 0.8 eV at 95.5%conﬁdence level for the combined data sets. Our constraints of w andPm ν are both compatible andcomparable with the constraints obtained from the WMAP 5-year data.Subject headings: cosmology: theory — cosmological parameters — gravitational lensing — neutrinos
Transcriptome-Wide Identification of Salt-Responsive Members of the WRKY Gene Family in Gossypium aridum

WRKY transcription factors are plant-specific, zinc finger-type transcription factors. The WRKY superfamily is involved in abiotic stress responses in many crops including cotton, a major fiber crop that is widely cultivated and consumed throughout the world. Salinity is an important abiotic stress that results in considerable yield losses. In this study, we identified 109 WRKY genes (GarWRKYs) in a salt-tolerant wild cotton species Gossypium aridum from transcriptome sequencing data to elucidate the roles of these factors in cotton salt tolerance. According to their structural features, the predicted members were divided into three groups (Groups I–III), as previously described for Arabidopsis. Furthermore, 28 salt-responsive GarWRKY genes were identified from digital gene expression data and subjected to real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The expression patterns of most GarWRKY genes revealed by this analysis are in good agreement with those revealed by RNA-Seq analysis. RT-PCR analysis revealed that 27 GarWRKY genes were expressed in roots and one was exclusively expressed in roots. Analysis of gene orthology and motif compositions indicated that WRKY members from Arabidopsis, rice and soybean generally shared the similar motifs within the same subgroup, suggesting they have the similar function. Overexpression-GarWRKY17 and –GarWRKY104 in Arabidopsis revealed that they could positively regulate salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis during different development stages. The comprehensive data generated in this study provide a platform for elucidating the functions of WRKY transcription factors in salt tolerance of G. aridum. In addition, GarWRKYs related to salt tolerance identified in this study will be potential candidates for genetic improvement of cultivated cotton salt stress tolerance.
Robust Iris Feature Extraction using Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform

This paper represents a new method for iris recognition using the dual tree complex wavelet transform. For the dual filter tree, we select two linear phase biorthogonal filter sets with odd and even lengths which is used to filter each signal for quantization to 136 byte iris feature codes. Then the Hamming distance is adopted to match two iris codes. In particular, the appropriate scale for each signal is searched for by minimizing the Hamming distance. The experimental results on CASIA database shows reliability and performance that the performance of this method is better than some algorithms, so it is promising to be used in a personal identification system.
Reconstruction of Coefficients in Scalar Second‐Order Elliptic Equations from Knowledge of Their Solutions

This paper concerns the reconstruction of possibly complex‐valued coefficients in a second‐order scalar elliptic equation that is posed on a bounded domain from knowledge of several solutions of that equation. We show that for a sufficiently large number of solutions and for an open set of corresponding boundary conditions, all coefficients can be uniquely and stably reconstructed up to a well‐characterized gauge transformation. We also show that in some specific situations, a minimum number of such available solutions equal to $I_n = {1 \over 2}n(n + 3)$ is sufficient to uniquely and globally reconstruct the unknown coefficients. This theory finds applications in several coupled‐physics medical imaging modalities including photo‐acoustic tomography, transient elastography, and magnetic resonance elastography. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The latitudinal cline in the In(3R)Payne inversion polymorphism has shifted in the last 20 years in Australian Drosophila melanogaster populations

Clinal variation has been described in a number of inversions in Drosophila but these clines are often characterized by cytological techniques using small sample sizes, and associations with specific genes are rarely considered. Here we have developed a molecular assay for In(3R)Payne in Drosophila melanogaster from eastern Australia populations. It shows in repeated samples that the inversion cline is very tightly associated with latitude and is almost fixed in tropical populations while relatively rare in temperate populations. This steep cline has shifted in position in the last 20 years. The heat shock gene, hsr‐omega, located centrally inside the inversion sequence, shows a different clinal pattern to In(3R)Payne. These results suggest strong ongoing selection on In(3R)Payne over the last 100 years since the colonization of Australia that is partly independent of hsr‐omega.
Essay about Foundations of Neuroeconomic Analysis

T splashy attention and criticism of neuroeconomics is a referendum on how curious economists are about how the brain makes economic decisions and whether new insights can tweak old models or inspire new ones. At one extreme is aggressive disinterest in brain activity. This disinterest is motivated by the methodological history and convention of economists working extra hard, and ingeniously, to infer unobservables—such as beliefs, utilities, thinking costs, and more— from observable choices. Other scientific disciplines take an easier route by simply trying to measure the unobservables directly as best they can, as well as inferring unobservables statistically. At the other extreme is a conviction that progress will certainly be made in understanding the biological basis of economic choice, that such progress will inform “standard” economic concerns (such as predicting choice responses to policy variables), that progress is certainly facilitated by direct A Review Essay about Foundations of Neuroeconomic Analysis by Paul Glimcher †
Protein Complex Evolution Does Not Involve Extensive Network Rewiring

The formation of proteins into stable protein complexes plays a fundamental role in the operation of the cell. The study of the degree of evolutionary conservation of protein complexes between species and the evolution of protein-protein interactions has been hampered by lack of comprehensive coverage of the high-throughput (HTP) technologies that measure the interactome. We show that new high-throughput datasets on protein co-purification in yeast have a substantially lower false negative rate than previous datasets when compared to known complexes. These datasets are therefore more suitable to estimate the conservation of protein complex membership than hitherto possible. We perform comparative genomics between curated protein complexes from human and the HTP data in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the evolution of co-complex memberships. This analysis revealed that out of the 5,960 protein pairs that are part of the same complex in human, 2,216 are absent because both proteins lack an ortholog in S. cerevisiae, while for 1,828 the co-complex membership is disrupted because one of the two proteins lacks an ortholog. For the remaining 1,916 protein pairs, only 10% were never co-purified in the large-scale experiments. This implies a conservation level of co-complex membership of 90% when the genes coding for the protein pairs that participate in the same protein complex are also conserved. We conclude that the evolutionary dynamics of protein complexes are, by and large, not the result of network rewiring (i.e. acquisition or loss of co-complex memberships), but mainly due to genomic acquisition or loss of genes coding for subunits. We thus reveal evidence for the tight interrelation of genomic and network evolution.
Space-Time Block Codes using Diversity Transform

This paper presents a method for constructing space-time block codes for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Rayleigh fading channels. It employs orthogonal designs combined with the so-called diversity transform. Orthogonal designs provide the maximum diversity order for a given number of transmit and receive antennas. The diversity transform relies on unitary transforms that increase the channel alphabet; it does not alter the distance between input sequences, nor the bandwidth or information rate. A scheme of high diversity gain is tailored for any antenna array and signal constellation. Simulation results reveal that this scheme attains higher coding gains than other results known in the art.
Speech emotion recognition with unsupervised feature learning

Emotion-based features are critical for achieving high performance in a speech emotion recognition (SER) system. In general, it is difficult to develop these features due to the ambiguity of the ground-truth. In this paper, we apply several unsupervised feature learning algorithms (including K-means clustering, the sparse auto-encoder, and sparse restricted Boltzmann machines), which have promise for learning task-related features by using unlabeled data, to speech emotion recognition. We then evaluate the performance of the proposed approach and present a detailed analysis of the effect of two important factors in the model setup, the content window size and the number of hidden layer nodes. Experimental results show that larger content windows and more hidden nodes contribute to higher performance. We also show that the two-layer network cannot explicitly improve performance compared to a single-layer network.