Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
31P NMR 2D Mapping of Creatine Kinase Forward Flux Rate in Hearts with Postinfarction Left Ventricular Remodeling in Response to Cell Therapy

Utilizing a fast 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) 2-dimensional chemical shift imaging (2D-CSI) method, this study examined the heterogeneity of creatine kinase (CK) forward flux rate of hearts with postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Immunosuppressed Yorkshire pigs were assigned to 4 groups: 1) A sham-operated normal group (SHAM, n = 6); 2) A 60 minutes distal left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and reperfusion (MI, n = 6); 3) Open patch group; ligation injury plus open fibrin patch over the site of injury (Patch, n = 6); and 4) Cell group, hiPSCs-cardiomyocytes, -endothelial cells, and -smooth muscle cells (2 million, each) were injected into the injured myocardium pass through a fibrin patch (Cell+Patch, n = 5). At 4 weeks, the creatine phosphate (PCr)/ATP ratio, CK forward flux rate (Flux PCr→ATP), and k constant of CK forward flux rate (kPCr→ATP) were severely decreased at border zone myocardium (BZ) adjacent to MI. Cell treatment results in significantly increase of PCr/ATP ratio and improve the value of kPCr→ATP and Flux PCr→ATP in BZ myocardium. Moreover, the BZ myocardial CK total activity and protein expression of CK mitochondria isozyme and CK myocardial isozyme were significantly reduced, but recovered in response to cell treatment. Thus, cell therapy results in improvement of BZ bioenergetic abnormality in hearts with postinfarction LV remodeling, which is accompanied by significantly improvements in BZ CK activity and CK isozyme expression. The fast 2D 31P MR CSI mapping can reliably measure the heterogeneity of bioenergetics in hearts with post infarction LV remodeling.
Design and evaluation of a client-side recommender system

Most recommender systems found on the web are server-based and centralised. However, it can be difficult to maintain the responsiveness with this approach when there are large numbers of concurrent users. In this demonstration we present an alternative approach where major parts of the recommender system are implemented in scripts run by the user's client system.
Confirming the Prevalence, Characteristics, and Utility of Ecological Theory in Explaining Prescription Stimulant Misuse

To examine the prevalence, characteristics, and utility of ecological theory in explaining prescription stimulant misuse, a probability sample of 499 students from one southern California university (response rate = 94.71%) completed a 100-item paper-based survey. The illicit use of prescription stimulants (IUPS) during college was reported by approximately 21% of students, with approximately 13% of users reporting 10 or more occurrences per academic term. Characteristics of use that were examined suggest a growing trend toward recreational use. We used structural equation modeling to replicate a previously tested ecological model. The number of significant paths in this replication study (i.e., 22) was similar to the number of significant paths in the original study (i.e., 25), and 21 of the significant paths from the original study retained their significance in the replication. Results confirm prescription stimulant misuse remains prevalent, characteristics of the behavior are cause for concern, and ecological theories are a useful tool for explaining the multifaceted nature of IUPS.
ToA-based positioning system for industrial wireless LAN

In this paper, we propose an alternative positioning system using time-synchronized wireless network that can achieve high positioning accuracy without being dependent to any global positioning system (GPS) devices with cm-level accuracy as the main goal and objective. The proposed system utilizes time of arrival (ToA) method in order to estimate the target's position. Based on the results, we can achieve time synchronization with less than 1ns (average offset error of 0.05ns) accuracy and cm-level (position error of 1.23cm) positioning accuracy through our simulation. Furthermore, increasing the number or measuring device in positioning system will increase the accuracy of positioning a target. High accuracy time synchronization is achievable by deploying proposed PTP with high number of iteration in synchronization period. In this research, we aim to deploy the proposed system in industrial wireless LAN. It is applicable by embedding the system into customized wireless LAN chip with positioning ability.
Intrinsically Disordered and Aggregation Prone Regions Underlie β-Aggregation in S100 Proteins

S100 proteins are small dimeric calcium-binding proteins which control cell cycle, growth and differentiation via interactions with different target proteins. Intrinsic disorder is a hallmark among many signaling proteins and S100 proteins have been proposed to contain disorder-prone regions. Interestingly, some S100 proteins also form amyloids: S100A8/A9 forms fibrils in prostatic inclusions and S100A6 fibrillates in vitro and seeds SOD1 aggregation. Here we report a study designed to investigate whether β-aggregation is a feature extensive to more members of S100 family. In silico analysis of seven human S100 proteins revealed a direct correlation between aggregation and intrinsic disorder propensity scores, suggesting a relationship between these two independent properties. Averaged position-specific analysis and structural mapping showed that disorder-prone segments are contiguous to aggregation-prone regions and that whereas disorder is prominent on the hinge and target protein-interaction regions, segments with high aggregation propensity are found in ordered regions within the dimer interface. Acidic conditions likely destabilize the seven S100 studied by decreasing the shielding of aggregation-prone regions afforded by the quaternary structure. In agreement with the in silico analysis, hydrophobic moieties become accessible as indicated by strong ANS fluorescence. ATR-FTIR spectra support a structural inter-conversion from α-helices to intermolecular β-sheets, and prompt ThT-binding takes place with no noticeable lag phase. Dot blot analysis using amyloid conformational antibodies denotes a high diversity of conformers; subsequent analysis by TEM shows fibrils as dominant species. Altogether, our data suggests that β-aggregation and disorder-propensity are related properties in S100 proteins, and that the onset of aggregation is likely triggered by loss of protective tertiary and quaternary interactions.
Transactions of the American Mathematical Society Periods for Transversal Maps via Lefschetz Numbers for Periodic Points

Let / : M —» M be a C1 map on a C1 differentiate manifold. The map f is called transversal if for all m £ N the graph of fm intersects transversally the diagonal of M x M at each point (x, x) such that x is a fixed point of fm. We study the set of periods of / by using the Lefschetz numbers for periodic points. We focus our study on transversal maps defined on compact manifolds such that their rational homology is Hq « Q , Hi as Q©Q and Hk « {0} for k±0, 1.
Comparison of Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes With Type 1 Diabetes Based on a German/Austrian Pediatric Diabetes Registry

OBJECTIVE The prevalence of cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD) has increased with improved life expectancy of patients. Clinical and care characteristics were compared with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in a multicenter analysis of pediatric data. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Auxological and treatment data from 47,227 patients aged younger than 21 years with CFRD or T1DM in the German/Austrian Diabetes Prospective Documentation Initiative registry were analyzed by multivariable mixed regression modeling. RESULTS Diabetes onset (mean [interquartile range]) occurred later in individuals with CFRD (14.5 [11.8–16.3] years) than in individuals with T1DM (8.5 [4.9–11.8] years), with female preponderance in CFRD (59.1% vs. 47.5%; P < 0.01). CFRD patients had lower BMI standard deviation scores (−0.85 [−1.59 to −0.12] vs. +0.52 [−0.10 to +1.16]; P < 0.01) and lower HbA1c (6.87% vs. 7.97%; P < 0.01). Self-monitoring of blood glucose was more frequent in patients with T1DM (4.5 vs. 3.5; P < 0.01); 72% of CFRD patients received insulin. In insulin-treated patients, insulin dosage adjusted for age, sex, and diabetes duration differed significantly (T1DM: 0.79 IE per kilogram of body weight; CFRD: 0.83 IE per kilogram of body weight). Use of short-acting and long-acting insulin analogs was significantly more frequent in T1DM (47% vs. 39% and 37% vs. 28%; both P < 0.05). Metabolic control in CFRD patients without insulin was better compared with CFRD on insulin (HbA1c: 6.00 vs. 7.12; P < 0.01), but duration of disease was significantly shorter (0.8 years [0.1–2.4] compared with 2.4 years [0.6–4.6]). There was no significant difference for BMI standard deviations scores between CFRD patients with or without insulin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric patients with CFRD show clear auxological and metabolic differences from those with T1DM, with different treatment choices.
Esaim: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations Boundary Control of Reaction-diffusion Pdes on Balls in Spaces of Arbitrary Dimensions

An explicit output-feedback boundary feedback law is introduced that stabilizes an unstable linear constant-coefficient reaction-diffusion equation on an n-ball (which in 2-D reduces to a disk and in 3-D reduces to a sphere) using only measurements from the boundary. The backstepping method is used to design both the control law and a boundary observer. To apply backstepping the system is reduced to an infinite sequence of 1-D systems using spherical harmonics. Well-posedness and stability are proved in the H 1 space. The resulting control and output injection gain kernels are the product of the backstepping kernel used in control of one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations and a function closely related to the Poisson kernel in the n-ball.
Building and registering parameterized 3D models of vessel trees for visualization during intervention

In this paper, we address the problem of multimodal registration of coronary vessels by developing a 3D parametrical model of vessel trees from computer tomography data and registering it to angiography images during intervention. Thus, the interventionist takes profit from 3D data otherwise only available before the intervention. This facilitates orientation in ambiguous radiographs, interactive visualization of all vessel structures to estimate their mutual position and navigation within the vessel system and ultimately reduces the radiation the patient and the physicians are exposed to. The model is build by exploring the branching vessel tree starting from a single position and successively expanding through the vessels guided by a local deformable surface. The result is a tree of cylindrical segments each adapted to the vessel walls that is registered to angiography images in a fast and robust way. Validation on 8 patients confirms the robustness of our method.
The Acquisition of Stress: A Data-Oriented Approach

A data-oriented (empiricist) alternative to the currently pervasive (nativist) Principles and Parameters approach to the acquisition of stress assignment is investigated. A similarity-based algorithm, viz. an augmented version of Instance-Based Learning is used to learn the system of main stress assignment in Dutch. In this nontrivial task a comprehensive lexicon of Dutch monomorphemes is used instead of the idealized and highly simplified description of the empirical data used in previous approaches.It is demonstrated that a similarity-based learning method is effective in learning the complex stress system of Dutch. The task is accomplished without the a priori knowledge assumed to pre-exist in the learner in a Principles and Parameters framework.A comparison of the system's behavior with a consensus linguistic analysis (in the framework of Metrical Phonology) shows that ease of learning correlates with decreasing degrees of markedness of metrcal phenomena. It is also shown that the learning algorithm captures subregularities within the stress system of Dutch that cannot be described without going beyond some of the theoretical assumptions of metrical phonology.
Kinase‐dependent modification of dendritic excitability after long‐term potentiation

Patterns of presynaptic activity properly timed with postsynaptic action potential output can not only increase the strength of synaptic inputs but can also increase the excitability of dendritic branches of adult CA1 pyramidal neurons. Here, we examined the role of protein kinase A (PKA) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the enhancement of dendritic excitability that occurs during theta‐burst pairing of presynaptic and postsynaptic firing activity. Using dendritic and somatic whole‐cell recordings in rat hippocampal slices, we measured the increase in the amplitude of back‐propagating action potentials in the apical dendrite that occurs in parallel with long‐term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic inputs. We found that inhibition of the MAPK pathway prevents this enhancement of dendritic excitability using either a weak or strong LTP induction protocol, while synaptic LTP can still be induced by the strong protocol. Both forms of plasticity are blocked by inhibition of PKA and occluded by interfering with cAMP degradation, consistent with a PKA‐mediated increase in MAPK activity following induction of LTP. This provides a signalling mechanism for plasticity of dendritic excitability that occurs during neuronal activity and demonstrates the necessity of MAPK activation. Furthermore, this study uncovers an additional contribution of kinase activation to plasticity that may occur during learning.
Production of apologies in English: Variation by L2 proficiency and apology situations

Production of speech acts and the strategies akin to their production by foreign language learners are key to understanding the development of interlanguage pragmatics. The speech act of apology has received great attention in interlanguage pragmatic studies due to its frequent use in spoken communication and its pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic variations across languages and cultures. This study aimed to determine what strategies are used by EFL learners in the Iranian context to produce the speech act of apology. Data for the study were elicited through a written discourse completion task from two groups of lower- and higher-proficiency learners studying English at a language center. Consistent with many previous findings, the results revealed that when apologizing all participants considerably preferred “direct apology strategy” to other strategies. By contrast, the indirect strategies of “offering promise of forbearance” and “expressing concern for the hearer” were used the least frequently. The findings did not substantiate any meaningful effect on the appropriateness of EFL learners’ apologies in terms of their proficiency. This study suggests that (1) there is a gap between L2 learners' linguistic development and their pragmatic development, (2) incidental exposure to speech acts is not sufficient for pragmatic development, and (3) there is a need to increase EFL learners' pragmatic awareness.
A combined carcinogen bioassay utilizing both the lung adenoma and skin papilloma protocols.

To test the feasibility of employing a combined lung adenoma/skin papilloma assay for broader detection of chemical carcinogenesis than that realized with either bioassay done separately, four strains of mice, SENCAR, BALB/c, A/J, and ICR-Swiss, were administered carcinogens either by the oral or intraperitoneal (IP) routes. The carcinogens administered were ethyl carbamate (EC), benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT), and acrylamide (ACR). Starting 2 weeks later, 1 to 5 micrograms (depending on strain) of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in 0.2 mL acetone/mouse was applied three times weekly to the shaved back for 20 weeks. All strains displayed increases in the yield of lung adenomas in response to EC at 32 weeks. B(a)P increased lung adenomas in only the SENCAR and A/J strain. Only the SENCAR and ICR-Swiss mice gave positive responses in the skin. In the SENCAR mice, positive response was seen with all four chemicals, however, FANFT gave an inconsistent response. The ICR-Swiss mice responded with an increased skin papilloma yield only to EC. In a separate experiment involving only SENCAR mice, animals were treated with a single oral dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) followed by triweekly application of 1.0 microgram TPA. This treatment resulted in 51/57 animals developing lung adenomas vs. 5/57 in the control animals. No treatment-related skin tumors resulted with DEN. Histopathologically confirmed lesions indicate that the spectrum of chemicals detected in the SENCAR mouse may be broadened using a combined bioassay that examines both lung and skin responses. ImagesFIGURE 1.FIGURE 2.FIGURE 3.FIGURE 4.FIGURE 5.
Mining moving object data

Currently many devices provide information about moving objects and location-based services that accumulate a huge volume of moving object data, including trajectories. This paper deals with two useful analysis tasks — mining moving object patterns and trajectory outlier detection. We also present our experience with the TOP-EYE trajectory outlier detection algorithm, which we applied to two real-world data sets.
Using a high-level language to build a poker playing agent

The past decade was witness to major breakthroughs in stochastic and imperfect information games, especially through the research in poker. This particular research has become the target of some hype in recent years following the game's popularity growth due to online gambling and TV shows. One branch of this research deals with creating and augmenting an artificial player to be able to beat professional poker players. Although somewhat successful, this branch of poker's research is still heavily based on computer programming skills and Artificial Intelligence knowledge instead of poker domain expertise. What this work proposes is a high-level language capable of creating complex strategies for autonomous artificial players. This would approach poker players and Artificial Intelligence by enabling users without the mentioned skills to create their own custom players and strategies. A user-friendly application was created in order to assist non-IT savvy poker players to create autonomous poker players in the LIACC's Texas Hold'em Simulator. Although unable to build truly competitive agents, the application serves as proof-of-concept. iv v ―I'm a great believer in luck, and I find the harder I work, the more I have of it. ‖ ―Acredito fortemente na sorte, e descubro que quanto mais trabalho, mais sorte obtenho‖-Thomas Jefferson vi vii Contents
All pair fastest route to a destination based on a heterogeneous time data

This paper presents the smart driving directions and providing a fastest routes to given destination at a given departure time. From GPS Logs, the data will be selected as per the user queries and then road segment formation will take place. The Map matching process is comparison of the GPS data and the real time data is done to avoid low-sampling rate problem. The Landmark Graph construction will be performed on the map matched graph. The Travel time will be estimated for each landmark graph by means of Variance Entropy clustering algorithm. Route computing will be of two stages. In first stage, Rough route computing finding the fastest route using the all pair shortest path algorithm. In Second stage, refine route computing the Time dependent fastest graph have to be refined with real time data to avoid low-sampling rate problem. Thus the efficient fastest route and energy consumption route will be provided.
Bassa: a time shifted web caching system for developing regions

This paper presents a time shifted web caching system named Bassa. It is capable of scheduling, fetching and caching of web objects larger than a given size threshold to take place within the off peak time of the network. We have achieved promising results using this system by maximizing the use of available bandwidth for more interactive web objects during peak hours while utilizing previously underutilized band-width in off peak hours. By empirically analyzing the effect of time shifted caching on users we have unearthed that such systems encourage them to download larger files more than they did previously while accessing websites with more multimedia content such as falsh videos during the peak hours. In this paper we present those findings empirically based on data gathered from proxy server logs at University of Colombo School of Computing.
Confidence in the police by race: taking stock and charting new directions

Abstract The current study reflects a narrative mega-review of confidence in the police by race. This review has led to two conclusions. First, blacks and whites have different levels of confidence in the police, but the difference between races is a matter of degrees. Second, race is not the strongest predictor of confidence in the police in most multivariate analyses. When variables, such as police contacts and concentrated disadvantage, are controlled for, the effect of race tends to be attenuated and/or sometimes disappear. These results prompt us to urge scholars to chart new directions for future research: fairness and its flip side – injustice – rather than race should be the focus of empirical and analytical gaze. The practical implications derived from this review are twofold. First, central to improving minority confidence in the police is to treat people of all racial groups fairly and equitably. Second, the police and the policed must come to terms and have faith in our democratic system and reform. This review is the first of its kind. We conclude by proposing a template of explaining confidence in the police by race with fairness as the tying knot.
SECONDARY SCIENCE TEACHERS' VIEWS ABOUT THE PLACEMENT OF CREATIVITY IN SECONDARY CLASSES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

The main aim of the present study was to find out the views of Pakistani secondary science teachers about the necessity of creativity at the secondary level. The study was qualitative in nature and conducted among 14-secondary science teachers in Pakistan. 14 detailed interviews were administered for the data collection after that the data were analyzed through coding and the thematic process of Miles and Huberman (1994). In last, the findings of the study were concluded which showed that due to intrinsic and extrinsic reasons the teachers considered creativity very necessary at the secondary level. Article visualizations:
Monitoring Evolution of Code Complexity and Magnitude of Changes

Background: Complexity management has become a crucial activity in continuous software development. While the overall perceived complexity of a product grows rather insignificantly, the small units, such as functions and files, can have noticeable complexity growth with every increment of product features. This kind of evolution triggers risks of escalating fault-proneness and deteriorating maintainability. Goal: The goal of this research was to develop a measurement system which enables effective monitoring of complexity evolution. Method: An action research has been conducted in two large software development organiza-tions. We have measured three complexity and two change properties of code for two large industrial products. The complexity growth has been measured for five consecutive releases of products. Different patterns of growth have been identified and evaluated with software engi-neers in industry. Results: The results show that monitoring cyclomatic complexity evolution of functions and number of revisions of files focuses the attention of designers to potentially problematic files and functions for manual assessment and improvement. A measurement system was developed at Ericsson to support the monitoring process.