Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meiotic cohesins modulate chromosome compaction during meiotic prophase in fission yeast

The meiotic cohesin Rec8 is required for the stepwise segregation of chromosomes during the two rounds of meiotic division. By directly measuring chromosome compaction in living cells of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we found an additional role for the meiotic cohesin in the compaction of chromosomes during meiotic prophase. In the absence of Rec8, chromosomes were decompacted relative to those of wild-type cells. Conversely, loss of the cohesin-associated protein Pds5 resulted in hypercompaction. Although this hypercompaction requires Rec8, binding of Rec8 to chromatin was reduced in the absence of Pds5, indicating that Pds5 promotes chromosome association of Rec8. To explain these observations, we propose that meiotic prophase chromosomes are organized as chromatin loops emanating from a Rec8-containing axis: the absence of Rec8 disrupts the axis, resulting in disorganized chromosomes, whereas reduced Rec8 loading results in a longitudinally compacted axis with fewer attachment points and longer chromatin loops.
Fast failover and switchover for link failures and congestion in software defined networks

In this paper, we present a fast failover mechanism and a fast switchover mechanism to deal with link failure and congestion problems. In the fast failover mechanism, the controller pre-establishes multiple paths for each source-destination pair in the related OpenFlow-enabled (OF) switches. When a link becomes faulty, OF switches are able to failover the affected flows to another path. Based on the pre-established paths, in the fast switchover mechanism, the controller periodically monitors the status of each port of each OF switch. When the average transmission rate of a port consistently exceeds the rate threshold, the controller would decrease the transmission rate of the port by iteratively switching the flow with the minimum rate to another path. The emulation on Ryu controller and Mininet emulator shows the average recovery time of the fast failover mechanism is less than 40 ms, compared to hundreds of ms in the fast restoration mechanism. And, the fast switchover mechanism can reduce 47.5%-72.5% sustained time of link congestion depending on the parameter setting.
Effect of large marine diatoms growing at low light on episodic new production

Mesoscale eddies have been shown to be a common feature of open ocean regions such as the Sargasso Sea. By lifting nutrients up to the lower portions of the euphotic zone, these eddies can cause episodic phytoplankton blooms that can lead to substantial new production. In the Sargasso Sea, it has been estimated that such blooms can account for 35%–50% of annual new production. In the present study, it was shown that a common large diatom Stephanopyxis palmeriana is capable of growing in a low‐light environment typical of the bottom 50 m of the euphotic zone at rates sufficiently high to sustain the contemporary estimates of new production that have been attributed to mesoscale eddies. The diatom was grown in laboratory batch experiments at irradiance levels from 11 to 79 µmol photons m−2 s−1, equivalent to irradiance levels occurring in the Sargasso Sea during the summer at depths from ~100 m (the 1% light level) up to 50 m. Resulting growth rates were compared with growth rates from the literature for similar large diatoms, and a simple model of new production was developed to show the dependency of new production on specific growth rate. Included in the model were other important parameters such as the depth of nutrient incursion resulting from lifting of the thermocline when an eddy passes, the duration of the bloom, and the size of the prebloom diatom population. Using realistic ranges for these parameters, it was evident from the model that there is no physiological constraint on these large diatoms from growing fast enough at very low light levels to meet the new production estimates resulting from eddies.
High Tracking Experimental Performances by Approaching Hand/Eye-vergence Visual Servoing

Abstract—In this paper, we focus on how to control the robot’s end-effector to track an object, meanwhile, to approach it with a desired posture for grasping, which we named as “Approaching Visual Servoing (AVS). ” AVS with binocular cameras needs inheritably eye-vergence motion to keep cameras’ sight against the target since approaching motion makes the cameras sight narrow or losing the object. We propose a hand & eye-vergence dual control system to perform AVS. The experiment of full 6-DoF Approaching Visual Servoing experiments to a moving object by a 7-link manipulator installed with a binocular camera system, confirmed the ability of Hand & Eye-vergence control system.
A method of detecting tonsillitis images based on medical knowledge and neural network

Tonsillitis is a disease occurring mostly in child and adults as this disease may take to the other effects. Nowadays, a detection of tonsil grand exploits medical doctor's diagnosis to check on oral cavity. Therefore, this paper presents a method of detecting tonsillitis images based on medical knowledge and neural network (NN); as well as, the paper considers three important factors which can be indicated in swelling by the pictures in terms of a) the ratio of tonsil grand dimension, b) average of tonsil grand color and c) surface of tonsil grand as it is purulent (yes/no) using two dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (2D FFT). Finally, the three factors are inputted into NN, and samples of 30 pictures are used for training into the NN which is divided by tonsillitis patience 15 pictures and usual tonsil grand 15 pictures. In the experimental results, 20 pictures are tested to compare with the result of the medical doctor's demonstration as the result of correction approximately at 90%.
Technical Report IDP Project Markerless Motion Capture in the Operating Room

The Goal of this IDP was to extend the patch-based surface tracking algorithm proposed by Cagniart et al., to a skeleton based solution. Such a solution could be used to track surgeons in an operating room and enhance humanmachine interaction paradigms in this context. We implemented a model-based motion capture algorithm based on 3D point cloud data. An Expectation-Maximisation algorithm computes the point cloud/body parts assignment and the pose estimation is based on an Inverse Kinematics framework. This final report includes a brief introduction on the topic of motion capture, a discussion of the related works, a description of the method and its implementation, and concludes with some appreciation of the results.
Nonstandard Work Hours and Single Versus Coupled Mothers' Work-to-Family Conflict

Objective: To compare single and coupled mothers’ experiences of time-based workto-family conflict (WFC) and work-to-family positive affective spillover (PAS) in the context of maternal nonstandard work hours. Background: Despite having become one of the central topics of work–family research, studies examining the relationship of maternal work schedules and family roles have mainly focused on North American samples or dual-earner families. Although qualitative studies have highlighted the problems faced by European single mothers in relation to the combination of nonstandard work hours and family life, there are no quantitative or cross-national comparative studies on the association. Method: Using a convenience sample derived from the Families 24/7 survey of Finnish, Dutch, and British mothers with children 12 years of age or younger (N = 1,106), path analysis was carried out to assess the associations of single motherhood, nonstandard work hours, and their interaction with WFC and PAS, and to compare the associations between three countries. Results: The positive association between the amount of nonstandard work hours and WFC was found to be stronger among single mothers than coupled mothers in all three countries. However, in Finland, both single and coupled mothers, and in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, only single mothers, experienced higher WFC when the mother worked more during nonstandard hours. In all countries, single mothers experienced less PAS than coupled mothers. Conclusion: Dutch and British single mothers who work nonstandard hours experience the combination of multiple roles particularly challenging compared to coupled mothers. In Finland, both single and coupled mothers report high levels of WFC when they work more nonstandard hours; hence, a greater amount of work during nonstandard hours is not an automatic indication of heightened challenges for single mothers alone. Implications: When aiming to improve mothers’ work–family reconciliation via social and workplace policies, it is important to understand the circumstances of single and coupled mothers in different cultural contexts.
Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Solving a Bi-level Optimization Model on High-speed Railway Station Location

The location problem of new high-speed railway station has been paid attention to by decision-makers, because this is associated with urban development planning. Based on the concept of accessibility, the interaction between high-speed railway passenger transport system and urban traffic system is analyzed in this paper. Due to the inverse law between accessibility and mobility, accessibility can be chosen as the key factor of high-speed railway station location. According to the characteristics of multi-objective decision-making, a bi-level optimization model is built to determine the position of high-speed railway station and travel choice of passenger. This model can be solved by simulated annealing algorithm, and the calculation process meets the need of Pareto optimization principle. Ultimately the results can reflect tradeoff relationship between multi-objective functions.
Investigating social media in GitHub's pull-requests: a case study on Ruby on Rails

In GitHub, pull-request mechanism is an outstanding social development method by integrating with many social media. Many studies have explored that social media has an important effect on software development. @-mention as a typical social media, is a useful tool in social platform. In this paper, we made a quantitative analysis of @-mention in pull-requests of the project Ruby on Rails. First, we make a convictive statistics of the popularity of pull-request mechanism in GitHub. Then we investigate the current situation of @-mention in the Ruby on Rails. Our empirical analysis results find some insights of @-mention.
3D Information Acquisition from Rectangles and Circles in Single Images

This paper presents a monocular approach of partially recovering three-dimensional information from rectangles and circles with proper prior knowledge. Taking image-formation process as projective transform, we first work out the focal length of an image with a common perspective rectangle and further obtain normal vectors of the supporting planes of rectangles and circles and relative depths of each point on the planes with respect to camera coordinate system. The absolute depths and other information about lengths and distances are also acquirable with reasonable estimation or measurement of side lengths and radius. The experimental results suggest good feasibility and acceptable precision of our approach.
Self-adjustment channel rank based on reordered cholesky factorization

This paper presents a self-adjustment of the length of the channel impulse response using a classical Cholesky Factorization. This is of special importance in the context of algorithms containing a matrix inversion and the rank of this matrix is strongly related to the length of the channel impulse, i.e. interferer cancellation algorithm [1]. When the length of the channel impulse response is overestimated, the matrix inversion is carried out with a singular matrix. A self-adjustment is then required to avoid an increase in the noise level.
Challenge-Hindrance Appraisal Job and Work-Life Balance Among Teachers: a Conceptual Paper

Work-life balance is a prerequisite, in the choice of contemporary work styles, but allegedly has deteriorated in the teaching profession. Affected work-life quality causes serious impacts including work-life conflict, decreased job ability and affects an individual’s psychological state. This distress wave affects on a global scale, due to extreme workloads which cause high job stress that eventually affect quality of life. In the Malaysian context, job stress is currently at a medium level, but workloads are expected to increase, hence, work-life balance is potentially at risk. Investigations into work-life balance among teachers in Sabah is scarce. In addition, studies have not adequately examined the issue with positive integration. Balancing is about strengthening the known gains, and overcoming the identified strains. Thus, present conceptual paper discussed about the relationship of workload, eustress and distress towards work-life balance. Ultimately, a conceptual framework is developed based on the reviewed literature.
Dynamic Behavior of a New SEIRS Model on Complex Networks

This paper takes the condition that individuals in eclipse period could translate into infective individuals or recovered at a certain probability, and propose a new SEIRS model on the basis of normal SEIRS model. First of all, it analyzes the spread of the disease using the mean field theory and obtains a theoretical critical threshold. From analysis the global behavior of the model is entirely determined by this threshold. Afterwards, it validates the correctness of the theoretical results via some simulations. The experimental results show that the probability of eclipse nodes turning into recovered individuals has a significant impact on the critical threshold.
Adaptive Transmission with Partial Channel Information in Spatially Correlated MIMO Channels

We propose a new adaptive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme that can work with partial channel information. Utilizing the information on dominant eigen-dimensions of the channel correlation matrix, the proposed scheme reduces the amount of channel information required for adaptive transmission without noticeable performance degradation. It is analytically shown that the proposed scheme can minimize the performance loss by properly choosing the number of eigen-dimensions of the channel correlation matrix. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is quite applicable to practical systems where quantized channel information is utilized.
Cooperation under the Shadow of the Future: Experimental Evidence from Infinitely Repeated Games

While there is an extensive literature on the theory of infinitely repeated games, empirical evidence on how "the shadow of the future" affects behavior is scarce and inconclusive. I simulate infinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma games in the lab with a random continuation rule. The experimental design represents an improvement over the existing literature by including sessions with finite repeated games as controls and a large number of players per session (which allows for learning without contagion effects). I find that the shadow of the future matters not only by significantly reducing opportunistic behavior, but also because its impact closely follows theoretical predictions.
CASS: A computer aided surgical system based on 3D medical images

The paper introduces a computer aided surgical system (CASS) based on the 3D medical images, which is designed for the surgeons to examine the tissues, acquire anatomical structures, diagnose illness and plan surgery. The system takes the 3D medical images as input and designs a segmentation pipeline to segment out the volumes of interested tissues. Then triangle meshes of the interested tissues were constructed by the discrete March Cubes algorithms, which is used to provide surface models for real time processing and rendering. To assist the surgeons with biomechanical simulation, several volume mesh generation approaches are provided to construct tetrahedral and hexahedral meshes for FEM. With this integrated models, the system can provide intuitive visualization of the slice images and focused medical models, as well as several effective computer aided diagnosis tools which are proved valuable in clinical practice.
"My mother is a goddess", "I am an inmate here": Male prisoners' attitudes towards women and their perceptions of culpability from Delhi Prison

While research on sexual violence in India has considered victim perspectives and policy reforms, offender perspectives remain highly underrepresented in the literature. The aim of this research was to understand the underlying social mechanisms that support and maintain violence against women, and in its extreme form, rape in Indian society. For this purpose, attitudes towards women and perceptions of culpability were examined in a sample of convicted rapists and non-sex offenders from Delhi Prison (N=142). Convicted offenders filled out the short version of Attitudes Towards Women questionnaire (n=122) and also participated in-depth semi-structured interviews (n=20). Comparison of both groups of offenders did not reflect the popular belief that rapists have more traditional and conservative views towards women as no significant differences were found in the way gender was socialized. Home was the main gender socialization site and the mother was central to this process. At the same time, both groups of offenders differed with respect to their self-perceptions of offending. Rapists referred to themselves as “inmates” and non-sex offenders referred to themselves as “offenders”. Non-sex offenders accepted responsibility for their actions but attempted to justify their intent whereas rapists denied responsibility and attributed blame to the victim. Rapists also used various identity-management mechanisms to reject the label of ‘rapist’. Integration of offenders’ gender and crime narratives led to the development of an empirical model linking traditional attitudes towards women and rapists’ perceptions of culpability. As one of the first studies examining accounts of convicted rapists in India, this research has implications on policy, social reform and prison research along with contributing to the larger body of literature. The findings are discussed in light of their significance within the unique socio-cultural setup of India along with future recommendations.
Estimation of Planar Curves, Surfaces, and Nonplanar Space Curves Defined by Implicit Equations with Applications to Edge and Range Image Segmentation

The author addresses the problem of parametric representation and estimation of complex planar curves in 2-D surfaces in 3-D, and nonplanar space curves in 3-D. Curves and surfaces can be defined either parametrically or implicitly, with the latter representation used here. A planar curve is the set of zeros of a smooth function of two variables x-y, a surface is the set of zeros of a smooth function of three variables x-y-z, and a space curve is the intersection of two surfaces, which are the set of zeros of two linearly independent smooth functions of three variables x-y-z For example, the surface of a complex object in 3-D can be represented as a subset of a single implicit surface, with similar results for planar and space curves. It is shown how this unified representation can be used for object recognition, object position estimation, and segmentation of objects into meaningful subobjects, that is, the detection of 'interest regions' that are more complex than high curvature regions and, hence, more useful as features for object recognition. >
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ( PSO ) : AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR COMPOSITE OPTIMIZATION

1. Abstract The aim of this article is to present the background, improvements and variants of the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) based on the movement of a bird flock, as an alternative method of optimization for composite structures. The strong point of this algorithm is its simplicity and adaptability to all kind of problems and fields. The first part of this article consists in a compilation of different papers that deal with problems encountered while applying PSO and their solutions. The article discusses about the way to deal with large design spaces, about the convergence problem and local vs. global minima. In the second part of the article, the PSO algorithm is compared to the classical genetic algorithms used for optimization in the software BOSS Quattro. Other kinds of problems that can appear are the constrained ones. In order to solve them, a study of the Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method is considered. In this case, the PSO is used to optimize the Augmented Lagrangian function giving satisfactory results for common problems. As future prospects, the study of different ways to improve the algorithm is considered. For example, the way to update the particles has been studied: choosing to update the worse particle, the best one or a percentage of the best/worst population. Future studies could include the way the particles are chosen. As last results, industrial applications will be tested in different software.
Energy Market Integration and Energy Poverty in ASEAN

Based on available statistics, between 127 and 130 million people in Southeast Asia lack access to electricity. At least 228 million still rely on traditional biomass for cooking and lack access to clean and modern cooking facilities, with dire consequences for their quality of life and human development. Discussions for an integrated Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) energy market cannot overlook this energy poverty situation in the region. In fact, the overall goal of ASEAN Energy Market Integration (AEMI) to achieve balanced and equitable economic growth and development for all countries in the region cannot be realized while people continue to suffer from energy poverty. This study maps the energy poverty situation in the region, and reviews the links between energy access and economic and human development. It also draws a connection between AEMI and the eradication of energy poverty, or attaining universal energy access, in terms of benefits and strategies, particularly with regard to mapping investment requirements and taking inventory of financing options. The study concludes with some recommendations for near-term actions.
The Critical Features and the Mechanism of Inhibition of a Kinase Interaction Motif-based Peptide Inhibitor of JNK*

We previously reported that a small peptide based on amino acids 143–153 of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-binding domain of JIP-1 functioned as an in vitro inhibitor of JNK activity. This peptide (TI-JIP: RP-KRPTTLNLF) resembles the kinase-interaction motif (KIM = (K/R)2–3X1–6(L/I)X(L/I)), which is common to upstream activators, downstream substrates, phosphatases, and scaffold proteins present in MAPK cascades. In this study, we characterized the mechanism of JNK inhibition by this peptide and further investigated the biochemical features of this peptide resulting in potent JNK inhibition. We also tested various KIM-based peptides for their ability to inhibit JNK activity. TI-JIP was found to be competitive with respect to the phosphoacceptor substrate c-Jun (KI = 0.39 ± 0.08 μm), and exhibit mixed (non-competitive) inhibition with respect to ATP. All seven substitutions of Pro-5 we tested significantly reduced the JNK inhibition, as did altering the Pro-5 to Leu-8 spacing. When we independently tested eight substitutions of either Thr-6 or Thr-7, only one substitution in each position was well tolerated. Furthermore, peptides based on the KIMs from other proteins were significantly less potent JNK inhibitors than TI-JIP, including a peptide from the JNK interactor Sab that contained all critical inhibitory residues present in TI-JIP. Therefore, despite having previously identified Arg-4, Pro-5, Leu-8, and Leu-10 in TI-JIP as independently critical for mediating JNK inhibition, we find their presence in other 11-mer peptides is not sufficient for JNK inhibition. TI-JIP is therefore a unique KIM-based inhibitor of JNK activity.