Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active learning machine learns to create new quantum experiments

Significance Quantum experiments push the envelope of our understanding of fundamental concepts in quantum physics. Modern experiments have exhaustively probed the basic notions of quantum theory. Arguably, further breakthroughs require the tackling of complex quantum phenomena and consequently require complex experiments and involved techniques. The designing of such complex experiments is difficult and often clashes with human intuition. We present an autonomous learning model which learns to design such complex experiments, without relying on previous knowledge or often flawed intuition. Our system not only learns how to design desired experiments more efficiently than the best previous approaches, but in the process also discovers nontrivial experimental techniques. Our work demonstrates that learning machines can offer dramatic advances in how experiments are generated. How useful can machine learning be in a quantum laboratory? Here we raise the question of the potential of intelligent machines in the context of scientific research. A major motivation for the present work is the unknown reachability of various entanglement classes in quantum experiments. We investigate this question by using the projective simulation model, a physics-oriented approach to artificial intelligence. In our approach, the projective simulation system is challenged to design complex photonic quantum experiments that produce high-dimensional entangled multiphoton states, which are of high interest in modern quantum experiments. The artificial intelligence system learns to create a variety of entangled states and improves the efficiency of their realization. In the process, the system autonomously (re)discovers experimental techniques which are only now becoming standard in modern quantum optical experiments—a trait which was not explicitly demanded from the system but emerged through the process of learning. Such features highlight the possibility that machines could have a significantly more creative role in future research.
Inflammatory bowel disease and venous thromboembolism during pregnancy and the postpartum period

Essentials Risk of pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism may be increased in inflammatory bowel disease. We performed a study on inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism. Inflammatory bowel disease is a risk factor for pregnancy‐related venous thromboembolism. Proper disease control before conception is pivotal to avoid venous thromboembolism.
Numerical study on the hemodynamics of patient‐specific carotid bifurcation using a new mesh approach

The definition of a suitable mesh to simulate blood flow in the human carotid bifurcation has been investigated. In this research, a novel mesh generation method is proposed: hexahedral cells at the center of the vessel and a fine grid of tetrahedral cells near the artery wall, in order to correctly simulate the large blood velocity gradients associated with specific locations. The selected numerical examples to show the pertinence of the novel generation method are supported by carotid ultrasound image data of a patient‐specific case. Doppler systolic blood velocities measured during ultrasound examination are compared with simulated velocities using 4 different combinations of hexahedral and tetrahedral meshes and different fluid dynamic simulators. The Lin's test was applied to show the concordance of the results. Wall shear stress–based descriptors and localized normalized helicity descriptor emphasize the performance of the new method. Another feature is the reduced computation time required by the developed methodology. With the accurate combined mesh, different flow rate partitions, between the internal carotid artery and external carotid artery, were studied. The overall effect of the partitions is mainly in the blood flow patterns and in the hot‐spot modulation of atherosclerosis‐susceptible regions, rather than in their distribution along the bifurcation.
Semi-Solid Casting of High-Reactive Wrought Alloys by Means of the Alloy AlLi2.1Mg5.5ScZr (AA1420*)

Semi-solid forming offers new potentials for processing of high reactive and hot crack susceptible aluminium-lithium wrought alloys. With the tailored alloy AA1420* (AlLi2.1Mg5.5 +Sc+Zr) a promising material for thixoforming with achievable high strength of up to 500MPa tensile strength and over 400MPa yield strength concomitant with its low density of 2,46g/cm3 is achievable. Due to high solid fractions the effect of solidification shrinkage could be sufficiently decreased with the result of hot-tear-free casting. Simulation supported a critical to cast automotive tie rod was exemplarily manufactured via semisolid- technology with promising results. Furthermore with an improved and advanced heat treatment enhanced mechanical properties, comparable to those of rolled AA1420, were achieved.
Reduced-order modeling of soft robots

We present a general strategy for the modeling and simulation-based control of soft robots. Although the presented methodology is completely general, we restrict ourselves to the analysis of a model robot made of hyperelastic materials and actuated by cables or tendons. To comply with the stringent real-time constraints imposed by control algorithms, a reduced-order modeling strategy is proposed that allows to minimize the amount of online CPU cost. Instead, an offline training procedure is proposed that allows to determine a sort of response surface that characterizes the response of the robot. Contrarily to existing strategies, the proposed methodology allows for a fully non-linear modeling of the soft material in a hyperelastic setting as well as a fully non-linear kinematic description of the movement without any restriction nor simplifying assumption. Examples of different configurations of the robot were analyzed that show the appeal of the method.
Studies on the Nonisothermal Crystallization Behavior of Polypropylene/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites

Polypropylene/multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PP/MWNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by a melt compounding process. The morphology and nonisothermal crystallization of these nanocomposites were investigated by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Scanning electron microscope micrographs of PP/MWNTs composite showed that the MWNTs were well dispersed in the PP matrix and displayed a clear nucleating effect on PP crystallization. Avrami theory, modified by Jeziorny and Mo's method, was used to analyze the kinetics of the nonisothermal crystallization process. It was found that the addition of MWNTs improved the crystallization rate and increased the peak crystallization temperature of the PP/MWNTs nanocomposites as compared with PP. The results show that the Jeziorny theory and Mo's method successfully describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of PP and PP/MWNTs nanocomposites.
Privacy-Preserving Search Over Encrypted Personal Health Record In Multi-Source Cloud

Cloud-based Personal Health Record systems (CB-PHR) have great potential in facilitating the management of individual health records. Security and privacy concerns are among the main obstacles for the wide adoption of CB-PHR systems. In this paper, we consider a multi-source CB-PHR system in which multiple data providers, such as hospitals and physicians are authorized by individual data owners to upload their personal health data to an untrusted public cloud. The health data are submitted in an encrypted form to ensure data security, and each data provider also submits encrypted data indexes to enable queries over the encrypted data. We propose a novel Multi-Source Order-Preserving Symmetric Encryption (MOPSE) scheme whereby the cloud can merge the encrypted data indexes from multiple data providers without knowing the index content. MOPSE enables efficient and privacy-preserving query processing in that a data user can submit a single data query, the cloud can process over the encrypted data from all related data providers without knowing the query content. We also propose an enhanced scheme, MOPSE+, to more efficiently support the data queries by hierarchical data providers. Extensive analysis and experiments over real data sets demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of MOPSE and MOPSE+.
Light transport component decomposition using multi-frequency illumination

Scene appearance is a mixture of light transport phenomena ranging from direct reflection to complicated effect such as inter-reflection and subsurface scattering. To decompose scene appearance into meaningful photometric components is very helpful in scene understanding and image editing. However, it has proven to be a difficult task. In this paper, we explore the difference of direct components obtained by multi-frequency illumination for light transport component decomposition. We apply independent vector analysis (IVA) to this task with no fixed constraints. Experiment results have verified the effectiveness of our method and its applicability to generic scenes.
Triradial and quadriradial chromosomes detected in a case of B‐cell prolymphocytic leukaemia

A 70-year-old woman, with no specific medical history, presented with a two-month history of prolonged sinusitis and 5 kg weight loss. Clinical examination revealed massive splenomegaly (21 cm below left costal margin). Her blood count showed haemoglobin concentration 87 g/l, platelet count 70 9 10/l, white cell count 9 6 9 10/l and lymphocyte count 6 83 9 10/l. b2-microglobulin was elevated (17 8 mg/l) and lactate dehydrogenase was normal. Abnormal lymphocytes with the features of prolymphocytes were detected in the blood film (55% of white blood cells, top left). These cells comprised 30% of bone marrow cells; they expressed surface membrane CD19, CD20, strong immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgD kappa and weak CD23, and were negative for CD5, CD10 and CD200. Both morphology and immunophenotype supported a diagnosis of B-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL). Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells showed a complex hypodiploid karyotype (40 chromosomes), with numerical and structural abnormalities and deletion of one copy of TP53, detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), without t(11;14) IGH/CCND1 translocation. A sub-clone resulting from the duplication of this primary clone (80 chromosomes) was also detected. Interestingly, the karyogram showed dicentric and, exceptionally, triradial and quadriradial chromosomes (upper right, RHG banding) derived from chromosome 16 material. The quadriradial chromosomes incorporated two long arms (2 copies of CBFB, red probe) and two short arms (2 copies of MYH11, green probe, blue arrow bottom left) of chromosome 16. Centromeric and telomeric FISH (bottom right) clarified the structure of the multiradial (blue arrow) and dicentric chromosomes (black arrows). Triradial figures can result from partial endoreduplication, a chromatid fragment that remains associated with its sister chromatid in anaphase or an insertion of a broken chromosome into a gap formed by a chromatid break. These multiradial figures can be encountered in the very rare ICF (Immunodeficiency, Centromere instability and Facial anomalies) syndrome, which often harbours multiradial figures of chromosome 1, 9 and 16 by interchange within heterochromatic regions. These figures can also be observed following irradiation, exposure to drugs such as vincristine, or in the context of DNA hypomethylation therapy. In this patient, the multiradial figures could be explained by the chromosomal instability related to TP53 deletion.
Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at Low Temperature under Aerobic and Nitrate-Reducing Conditions in Enrichment Cultures from Northern Soils

ABSTRACT Thepotential for biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)at low temperature and under anaerobic conditions is not wellunderstood, but such biodegradation would be very useful forremediation of polluted sites. Biodegradation of a mixture of 11different PAHs with two to five aromatic rings, each at a concentrationof 10 μg/ml, was studied in enrichment cultures inoculated withsamples of four northern soils. Under aerobic conditions, lowtemperature severely limited PAH biodegradation. After 90 days, aerobiccultures at 20°C removed 52 to 88% of the PAHs. The mostextensive PAH degradation under aerobic conditions at 7°C,53% removal, occurred in a culture from creosote-contaminatedsoil. Low temperature did not substantially limit PAH biodegradationunder nitrate-reducing conditions. Under nitrate-reducing conditions,naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, fluorene, and phenanthrene weredegraded. The most extensive PAH degradation under nitrate-reducingconditions at 7°C, 39% removal, occurred in a culturefrom fuel-contaminated Arctic soil. In separate transfer cultures fromthe above Arctic soil, incubated anaerobically at 7°C, removalof 2-methylnaphthalene and fluorene was stoichiometrically coupled tonitrate removal. Ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis suggested thatenrichment resulted in a few predominant bacterial populations,including members of the genera Acidovorax,Bordetella, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, andVariovorax. Predominant populations from different soils oftenincluded phylotypes with nearly identical partial 16S rRNA genesequences (i.e., same genus) but never included phylotypes withidentical ribosomal intergenic spacers (i.e., different species orsubspecies). The composition of the enriched communities appeared to bemore affected by presence of oxygen, than by temperature or source oftheinoculum.
Urocortin induces positive inotropic effect in rat heart.

AIMS The aim of this study is to evaluate the positive inotropic effect of urocortin (Ucn) and to characterize its signalling pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS Contractility was measured in ex vivo Langendorff-perfused hearts isolated from Wistar rats. Isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes were used to analyse intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) transients evoked by electrical stimulation and L-type Ca(2+) current by confocal microscopy and whole-cell patch-clamping, respectively. The application of Ucn to perfused hearts induced progressive, sustained, and potent inotropic and lusitropic effects that were dose-dependent with an EC(50) of approximately 8 nM. Ucn effects were independent of protein kinase A (PKA) activation but were significantly reduced by protein kinase C (PKC) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors and by brefeldin A, an antagonist of guanine nucleotide exchange factor, suggested to be an inhibitor of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac). These whole-organ effects were correlated with the inotropic effects observed in isolated cells: Ucn increased I(CaL) density, [Ca(2+)](i) transients, cell shortening and Ca(2+) content of sarcoplasmic reticulum. CONCLUSION Our results show that Ucn evokes potent positive inotropic and lusitropic effects mediated, at least in part, by an increase in I(CaL) and [Ca(2+)](i) transient amplitude. These effects may involve the activation of Epac, PKC, and MAPK signalling pathways.
Effects of static magnetic fields on the structure, polymerization, and bioelectric of tubulin assemblies

Due to widespread exposure of human being to various sources of static magnetic fields (SMF), their effect on the spatial and temporal status of structure, arrangement, and polymerization of tubulin was studied at the molecular level. The intrinsic fluorescence intensity of tubulin was increased by SMF, indicating the repositioning of tryptophan and tyrosine residues. Circular Dichroism spectroscopy revealed variations in the ratios of alpha helix, beta, and random coil structures of tubulin as a result of exposure to SMF at 100, 200, and 300 mT. Transmission Electron microscopy of microtubules showed breaches and curvatures whose risk of occurrence increased as a function of field strength. Dynamic light scattering revealed an increase in the surface potential of tubulin aggregates exposed to SMF. The rate and extent of polymerization increased by 9.8 and 33.8%, at 100 and 300 mT, respectively, but decreased by 36.16% at 200 mT. The conductivity of polymerized tubulin increased in the presence of 100 and 300 mT SMF but remained the same as the control at 200 mT. The analysis of flexible amino acids along the sequence of tubulin revealed higher SMF susceptibility in the helical electron conduction pathway set through histidines rather than the vertical electron conduction pathway formed by tryptophan residues. The results reveal structural and functional effects of SMF on tubulin assemblies and microtubules that can be considered as a potential means to address the safety issues and for manipulation of bioelectrical characteristics of cytosol, intracellular trafficking and thus, the living status of cells, remotely.
A Cochrane Review of Manipulation and Mobilization for Mechanical Neck Disorders

Study Design and Objectives. Our systematic review of randomized trials assessed whether manipulation and mobilization relieve pain or improve function/disability, patient satisfaction, and global perceived effect in adults with mechanical neck disorders. Summary of Background Data. Neck disorders are common, disabling, and costly. Methods. Computerized bibliographic databases were searched up to March 2002. Two independent reviewers conducted study selection, data abstraction, and methodologic quality assessment. Relative risk and standardized mean differences were calculated. In the absence of heterogeneity, pooled effect measures were calculated using a random effects model. Results. Of the 33 selected trials, 42% were high quality trials. Single or multiple (3–11) sessions of manipulation or mobilization showed no benefit in pain relief when assessed against placebo, control groups, or other treatments for acute/subacute/chronic mechanical neck disorders with or without headache. There was strong evidence of benefit favoring multimodal care (mobilization and/or manipulation plus exercise) over a waiting list control for pain reduction [pooled standardized mean differences −0.85 (95% CI: −1.20 to −0.50)], improvement in function [pooled SMD −0.57 (95% CI: −0.94 to −0.21)] and global perceived effect [standardized mean differences −2.73 (95% CI: −3.30 to −2.16)] for subacute/chronic mechanical neck disorders with or without headache. Conclusions. Mobilization and/or manipulation when used with exercise are beneficial for persistent mechanical neck disorders with or without headache. Done alone, manipulation and/or mobilization were not beneficial; when compared to one another, neither was superior. There was insufficient evidence available to draw conclusions for neck disorder with radicular findings. Factorial design would help determine the active agent(s) within a treatment mix.
Metal-flow phenomena in computerized numerically controlled incremental stretch-expanding of aluminum sheets.

An incremental forming process in which a blank is formed to fit on a tool-envelope surface made by relative motion of a tool around the blank, has been developed. The incremental forming process seems to be suited to small-lot production from viewpoint of a die-less forming operation, and are also thought to be important in metal-flow control operation. So, the possibility of metal-flow control in CNC incremental stretch-expanding of aluminum sheets was examined. Effect of tool path schedule on strain distribution and forming limit in shell components is examined using hard aluminum sheet. It is found that the tool path schedule has influence on strain distribution in shell components, and the associated metal-flow has influence on the forming limit. Thus, it was concluded that the incremental stretch-expanding seems to be a promising working process for flexible manufacture from viewpoint of metal-flow control.
Deep Learning for RF Device Fingerprinting in Cognitive Communication Networks

With the increasing presence of cognitive radio networks as a means to address limited spectral resources, improved wireless security has become a necessity. In particular, the potential of a node to impersonate a licensed user demonstrates the need for techniques to authenticate a radio's true identity. In this paper, we use deep learning to detect physical-layer attributes for the identification of cognitive radio devices, and demonstrate the performance of our method on a set of IEEE 802.15. 4 devices. Our method is based on the empirical principle that manufacturing variability among wireless transmitters that conform to the same standard creates unique, repeatable signatures in each transmission, which can then be used as a fingerprint for device identification and verification. We develop a framework for training a convolutional neural network using the time-domain complex baseband error signal and demonstrate 92.29% identification accuracy on a set of seven 2.4 GHz commercial ZigBee devices. We also demonstrate the robustness of our method over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios.
Binding of human recombinant mutant soluble ectodomain of FGFR2IIIc to c subtype of FGFRs: implications for anticancer activity

FGFRs are considered essential targets for cancer therapy. We previously reported that msFGFR2c, a Ser252Trp mutant soluble ectodomain of FGFR2IIIc, inhibited tumor growth by blocking FGF signaling pathway. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still obscure. In this study, we reported that msFGFR2c but not wild-type soluble ectodomain of FGFR2IIIc (wsFGFR2c) could selectively bind to c subtype of FGFRs in the presence of FGF-2. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that msFGFR2c bound to wsFGFR2c in the presence of FGF-2 with a K value of 6.61 × 105 M−1. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the mutated residue Trp252 of msFGFR2c preferred a π-π interaction with His254 of wsFGFR2c. Concomitantly, Arg255 of msFGFR2c and Glu250 of wsFGFR2c adjusted their conformations and formed three H-bonds. These two interactions therefore stabilized the final structure of wsFGFR2c and msFGFR2c heterocomplex. In FGFR2IIIc-positive/high FGF-2-secreted BT-549 cells, msFGFR2c significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis by the blockage of FGF-2-activated FGFRs phosphorylation, also the growth and angiogenesis of its xenograft tumors implanted in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. While weaker the above inhibitory effects of msFGFR2c were observed on FGFR2IIIc-negative/low FGF-2-secreted MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, msFGFR2c significantly inhibited the proliferation of FGFR1IIIc-positive NCI-H1299 lung cancer cells by the suppression of FGF-2-induced FGFR1 activation and suppressed the growth of NCI-H1299 transplanted tumors in nude mice. In sum, msFGFR2c is a potential anti-tumor agent targeting FGFR2c/FGFR1c-positive tumor cells. These findings also provide a molecular basis for msFGFR2c to disrupt the activation of FGF signaling.
Pattern-Based Plan Construction for the Workflow Satisfiability Problem

The workflow satisfiability problem (WSP) is a novel form of constraint satisfaction problem that arises in the context of workflow design and the enforcement of security constraints defined over such workflows. In WSP, we are given a set $S$ of tasks, a set $U$ of users, a set of constraints with variables from $S$, and, for each task $s$, a list of users authorized to perform $s$. We are to decide whether there is an assignment $\pi$ (called a plan) of tasks to authorized users such that all constraints are satisfied. We design a generic algorithm for WSP using a new approach, in which plans are grouped into equivalence classes, each class being associated with a \emph{pattern}. We demonstrate that the generic algorithm is a fixed-parameter algorithm for user-independent constraints, a family or constraints that includes many of the constraints of interest in business processing systems. The algorithm for user-independent constraints is of running time $O^*(2^{k\log k})$, where $k=|S|$, and we show that there is no algorithm of running time $O^*(2^{o(k\log k)})$ unless the Exponential Time Hypothesis fails.