Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proposal for a Growth Model of Social Network Service

In this paper, we analyze the network structure of two SNSs, academic community system (ACS) and Amippy. From the viewpoint of network topology, the major characteristics of these data sets can be summarized as follows: low average shortest-path length, high clustering coefficient, presence of a power law degree distribution and negative assortativity. Based on our analysis, we propose a growth model of SNS networks. We conducted numerical simulations to compare actual data sets with networks generated by the proposed model. Results of simulations indicated that the processes of the CNN model and fitness model are needed to reproduce the networks of SNSs.
simCore: an event-driven simulation framework for performance evaluation of computer systems

In designing complex systems, a performance evaluation model is essential in determining a system configuration and identifying performance bottlenecks. Several C++-based general-purpose simulation tools such as systemC and CynLib have also been introduced. However, these tools are cycle-based, which simulates a system synchronously under the assumption that all modules are invoked every cycle, thus eliminating scheduling overhead. In order to simulate a system containing multiple clocks or asynchronous circuits with accuracy, an event-driven approach is highly desirable. We have developed an event-driven framework of computer system simulation in C++, called simCore, which is mainly targeted for performance evaluation simulation of computer systems, providing concurrent execution of multiple modules and event-driven module interaction mechanisms. However, in order to demonstrate its cycle-accuracy and high simulation speed, we compared two MIPS-based system simulators, one based on the C++-based event-driven simulation core and the other based on Verilog-XL.
Building boundaries extaction from point clouds using dual-threshold Alpha Shapes

Modern urban buildings have complex model structure, and the building boundary extraction from airborne LiDAR data is still a relatively difficult problem. This paper proposes a dual-threshold Alpha Shapes algorithm and contour simplification algorithm based on least squares to extract the initial building contour. Dual-threshold Alpha Shapes algorithm consists of four steps: (1) dual-threshold a-shape acquisition, (2) based on a simple ring breadth-first search query algorithm, (3) the corresponding path screening, (4) deriving a closed contour (4) a closed contour, (5) Least Squares contour simplification. Experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method on two datasets.
A Rigorous Algorithm To Detect And Clean Inaccurate Adult Height Records Within EHR Systems

Summary Background: Height is a critical variable for many biomedical analyses because it is an important component of Body Mass Index (BMI). Transforming EHR height measures into meaningful research-ready values is challenging and there is limited information available on methods for “cleaning” these data. Objectives: We sought to develop an algorithm to clean adult height data extracted from EHR using only height values and associated ages. Results: The algorithm we developed is sensitive to normal decreases in adult height associated with aging, is implemented using an open-source software tool and is thus easily modifiable, and is freely available. We checked the performance of our algorithm using data from the Northwestern biobank and a replication sample from the Marshfield Clinic biobank obtained through our participation in the eMERGE consortium. The algorithm identified 1262 erroneous values from a total of 33937 records in the Northwestern sample. Replacing erroneous height values with those identified as correct by the algorithm resulted in meaningful changes in height and BMI records; median change in recorded height after cleaning was 7.6 cm and median change in BMI was 2.9 kg/m2. Comparison of cleaned EHR height values to observer measured values showed that 94.5% (95% C.I 93.8-% – 95.2%) of cleaned values were within 3.5 cm of observer measured values. Conclusions: Our freely available height algorithm cleans EHR height data with only height and age inputs. Use of this algorithm will benefit groups trying to perform research with height and BMI data extracted from EHR. Citation: Muthalagu A, Pacheco JA, Aufox S, Peissig PL, Fuehrer JT, Tromp G, Kho AN, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ. A rigorous algorithm to detect and clean inaccurate adult height records within EHR systems. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 118–126 http://dx.doi. org/10.4338/ACI-2013-09-RA-0074
Does a family history of atopy influence lung function at follow‐up of infants born prematurely?

The aim of this study was to assess whether a family history of atopy influenced lung function at follow‐up of infants born prematurely. Analysis was made of thoracic gas volume and airways resistance measurements performed at 1 year of age in 86 infants born at a median gestational age of 29 weeks. These measurements had been made during a prospective follow‐up study. The 30 infants with a family history of atopy were found to have a higher airways resistance (median 35 cmH2O/l/s) than the 56 infants without such a family history (median 30cmH2O/l/s) (p < 0.05). However, when the results from 18 infants with a family history of atopy were compared with 18 controls who were matched for requirement for neonatal ventilation, parental smoking and were within at least 1 week of gestational age, no significant difference in airways resistance was found between the two groups. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that gestational age and birth weight explained the apparent relationship between a family history of atopy and an elevated airways resistance at follow‐up.
Accuracy of Hospital Discharge Abstracts for Identifying Stroke

Much of the available data on stroke occurrence, service use, and cost of care originated with hospital discharge abstracts. This article uses the unique resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to estimate the sensitivity and positive predictive value of hospital discharge abstracts for incident stroke. Methods The Rochester Stroke Registry was used to identify all confirmed first strokes (hospitalized and nonhospitalized) among Rochester residents for 1970, 1980, 1984, and 1989 (n=364). The sensitivity of discharge abstracts was estimated by following these individuals for 12 months after stroke to determine the proportion assigned a discharge diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease (International Classification of Diseases [LCD] codes 430 through 438.9). The positive predictive value of discharge abstracts was assessed by identifying all hospitalizations of Rochester residents with an ICD code of 430-438.9 in 1970, 1980, and 1989 (n=377). Events were categorized as incident stroke, recurrent stroke, stroke sequelae, or nonstroke after review of the complete community-based medical record by a neurologist. Results Only 86% (n=313) of all first-stroke patients in 1970, 1980, 1984, and 1989 were hospitalized. Of hospitalized patients, only 76% were assigned a principal discharge diagnosis code of 430-438.9. Fatal strokes and those occurring during a hospitalization were less likely to be identified. Among all hospitalizations of Rochester residents in 1970, 1980, and 1989, there were 377 with a principal diagnosis code of 430-438.9. Less than half (n = 177) were determined by the neurologist to be incident stroke; only 60% (n=225) were either incident or recurrent stroke. Comparison of alternative approaches showed the validity of discharge abstracts was enhanced by increasing the number of diagnoses and excluding codes with poor positive predictive value. Conclusions This study provides previously unavailable estimates of the sensitivity of stroke-coded hospitalizations for a US community. A model for improving the sensitivity and positive predictive value of discharge abstracts is presented.
ReSCUE: Relatively Stable Clustering for Unbiased Environments in VANETs

Clustering algorithms improve network manageability through several topology partitioning techniques. In some particular cases, such as vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs) communications, significant performance improvements can be introduced via clustered networking solutions whereas merging clusters for the sake of scalability may lead to degraded network stability. In this paper, we explore the impact of merging clusters, and furthermore based on these results, we propose a new clustering technique, namely Relatively Stable Clustering for Unbiased Environments (ReSCUE). The objective of ReSCUE is primarily guaranteeing cluster stability in an unbiased manner. ReSCUE keeps track of the spatio-temporal changes in VANET node characteristics, and uses these characteristics along with local information to prevent biased clustering which is based on common and general node characteristics. We evaluate the performance of ReSCUE through simulations and show that ReSCUE can form relatively more stable clusters while reducing the frequency of cluster merges, as well as that of the node status changes.
Effects of surface-active block copolymers with oxyethylene and fluoroalkyl side chains on the antifouling performance of silicone-based films

Abstract Block copolymers made from a poly(dimethyl siloxane) (Si) and a poly(meth)acrylate carrying oxyethylene (EG) or fluoroalkyl (AF) side chains were synthesized and incorporated as surface-active components into a silicone matrix to produce cross-linked films with different surface hydrophilicity/phobicity. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) studies showed that film surfaces containing Si-EG were largely populated by the siloxane, with the oxyethylene chains present only to a minor extent. In contrast, the fluorinated block was selectively segregated to the polymer–air interface in films containing Si-AF as probed by NEXAFS and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. Such differences in surface composition were reflected in the biological performance of the coatings. While the films with Si-EG showed a higher removal of both Ulva linza sporelings and Balanus amphitrite juveniles than the silicone control, those with Si-AF exhibited excellent antifouling properties, preventing the settlement of cyprids of B. amphitrite.
Institute for Mathematical Physics Semi–finite Noncommutative Geometry and Some Applications Semi-finite Noncommutative Geometry and Some Applications Semi-finite Noncommutative Geometry and Some Applications

These notes are a summary of talks given in Shonan, Japan in February 2008 with modifications from a later series of talks at the Hausdorff Institute for Mathematics in Bonn in July 2008 and at the Erwin Schrödinger Institute in October 2008. The intention is to give a short discussion of recent results in noncommutative geometry (NCG) where one extends the usual point of view of [22] by replacing the bounded operators B(H) on a Hilbert space H by certain sub-algebras; namely semi-finite von Neumann algebras. These are weakly closed *-subalgebras of the bounded operators on a Hilbert space that admit a faithful, normal semi-finite trace. The exposition is partly historical and intended to explain where this idea came from and how it links to other developments in index theory and NCG going back over 20 years. For the authors a major motivating example of this so-called semi-finite NCG is the notion of spectral flow for paths of operators in a semi-finite von Neumann algebra. In these notes we will therefore focus on this example. The theory of analytic spectral flow as a whole is surveyed in some detail in the article [5] and so it would be superfluous to repeat that discussion here. We will summarise in Section 2 the details needed for this current discussion , especially those relevant to Section 4. We mention that the classical topological theory of spectral flow is described in many places starting with [1, 2] and in textbook form in [8, 42]. The analytic theory is a more recent development and really starts with [48] although in the standard B(H) case there is overlap between [42] and [48]. We will not in these notes address the related notion of 'higher spectral flow' [31] or the extensive literature built on that. The idea of spectral flow as an intersection number does not apply in the semi-finite theory. It was Mathai in 1992, [41], who asked the question about whether there is a semi-finite spectral flow in connection with Atiyah's L 2-index theorem. Motivated by a fundamental paper of Getzler, independently studied analytic approaches to spectral flow in von Neumann algebras (see also [46, 47] for an early attempt). We will summarise this point of view below referring to [5] for more information. It is now appreciated that the natural setting for spectral flow is as an invariant associated to paths of operators in …
Markov model for threshold-voltage shift in amorphous silicon TFTs for variable gate bias

Amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistors (TFTs) are widely used in active matrix displays and sensors, in which their operation is typically analog in nature. However, the TFT experiences a V/sub T/ shift with time under gate bias, and the need for a model of the V/sub T/ shift with variable gate bias is imperative for robust circuit design. A model for the V/sub T/ shift under constant and variable gate bias has been presented and agrees with measurement results. The developed model can be easily represented by circuit elements and incorporated into a circuit simulator. As a proof of concept, we use the model to predict the transients of a weighted voltage subtractor circuit.
Skeletal muscle adaptations to prolonged exposure to extreme altitude: a role of physical activity?

This study investigated skeletal muscle adaptations to high altitude and a possible role of physical activity levels. Biopsies were obtained from the m. quadriceps femoris (vastus) and m. biceps brachii (biceps) in 15 male subjects, 7 active and 8 less active. Samples were obtained at sea level and after 75 days altitude exposure at 5250 m or higher. The muscle fiber size decreased at an average of 15% in the vastus and biceps, respectively, and to the same extent in both groups. In both muscles, the mean number of capillaries was 2.1-2.2 cap.fiber(-1) before and after the exposure. As mean fiber area was reduced, the mean number of capillaries per unit area increased in all subjects (from 320 to 405 cap/mm2) with no difference between the active and less active groups. The two enzymes selected to reflect mitochondrial capacity, citrate synthase (CS) and 3-hydroxyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (HAD), did not change in the leg muscles with altitude exposure, CS: 28.7 (20.7-37.8) vs. 27.8 (23.8-29.4); HAD: 35.2 (20.3-43.1) vs. 30.6 (20.7-39.7) micromol.min(-1). g(-1) d.w, pre- and post-altitude, respectively. The muscle buffer capacity was elevated in both the vastus; 220 (194-240) vs. 232 (200-277) and the biceps muscles; 233 (190-301) vs. 253 (193-320) after the acclimatization period. In conclusion, mean fiber area was reduced in response to altitude exposure regardless of physical activity which in turn meant that with an unaltered capillary to fiber ratio there was an elevation in capillaries per unit of muscle area. Muscle enzyme activity was unaffected with altitude exposure in both groups, whereas muscle buffer capacity was increased.
Optimization Of Magnetoelastic Properties OfPure Nickel By Means Of Heat Treatments

In this work we include valuable information about the way in which nickel may become a valuable smart material for some applications and we provide a better understanding of the influence of internal stresses on its magnetoelastic effects. The different states of internal stress are achieved via different heat treatments obtained by modifying three main parameters: the heating temperature, the heating time and the cooling method. Then, we carried out the next works: first, a microscopic analysis of the grain size of the samples under different heat treatments; second, all the tested specimens were subjected to an exhaustive internal stress analysis via X-Ray diffraction techniques; and third, the ∆Eand ∆Ψ-effects were estimated in order to link the internal stress state of the sample to its magnetoelastic response. The results can guide us in selecting the most suitable heat treatment in order to make nickel show the smart properties we desire.
Short circuit current contribution for different wind turbine generator types

An important aspect of wind power plant (WPP) impact studies is to evaluate the short circuit (SC) current contribution of the plant into the transmission network under different fault conditions. This task can be challenging to protection engineers due to the topology differences between different types of wind turbine generators (WTGs) and the conventional generating units.
Gelfand-Pinsker coding achieves the interference-free capacity

For a discrete memoryless channel with non-causal state information available only at the encoder, it is well-known that Gelfand-Pinsker coding achieves its capacity. In this paper, we analyze Gelfand-Pinsker coding scheme and capacity to bring out further understandings. We show that Gelfand-Pinsker capacity is equal to the interference-free capacity. Thus the capacity of a channel with non-causal state information available only at the encoder is the same as if the state information is also available at the decoder. Furthermore, the capacity-achieving conditional input distributions in these two cases are the same. This lets us connect the studied channel with state to the multiple access channel (MAC) with correlated sources and show that under certain conditions, the receiver can decode both the message and the state information. This dual decoding can be obtained in particular if the state sequences come from a known codebook with rate satisfying a simple constraint. In such a case, we can modify Gelfand-Pinsker coding by pre-building multiple codebooks of input sequences $X^n$, each codebook is for a given state sequence $S^n$, upon generating the auxiliary $U^n$ sequences. The modified Gelfand-Pinsker coding scheme achieves the capacity of the MAC with degraded message set and still allows for decoding of just the message at any state information rate. We then revisit dirty-paper coding for the Gaussian channel to verify our analysis and modified coding scheme.
Association Between 5-HTTLPR Polymorphism and Tics after Treatment with Methylphenidate in Korean Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (44-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism of serotonin transporter gene) and methylphenidate (MPH) treatment response, as well as the association between the adverse events of MPH treatment and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: A total of 114 children with ADHD (mean age 9.08 ± 1.94 years) were recruited from the child psychiatric clinic in a hospital in South Korea. We have extracted the genomic DNA of the subjects from their blood lymphocytes and analyzed 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of the SLC6A4 gene. All children were treated with MPH for 8 weeks, with clinicians monitoring both the improvement of ADHD symptoms and the side effects. We compared the response to MPH treatment and adverse events among those with the genotype of 5-HRRLPR polymorphism. Results: There was no significant association between the 5-HTTLPR genotype and the response to MPH treatment in children with ADHD. Subjects with the S/L+L/L genotype tended to have tics and nail biting (respectively, p < 0.001, p = 0.017). Conclusions: The results of this study do not support the association between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and treatment response with MPH in ADHD. However, our findings suggest the association between 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and the occurrence of tics and nail-biting as an adverse event of methylphenidate. This may aid in our understanding of the genetic contribution and genetic susceptibility of a particular allele in those ADHD patients with tics or nail biting.
3-D Inverse Problem Continuous Model for Thermal Behavior of Mould Process Based on the Temperature Measurements in Plant Trial

A three-dimensional mathematical model for round billet continuous casting of steel in the mould, adopting the surface revolution theory, together with an appropriate inverse problem method from the measured temperatures by the thermocouples buried in various locations in the mould, has been developed to elucidate the real thermal behavior of mould process in plant production, including the mould heat transfer, steel solidification, and slag film distribution, with the objective of understanding the relationship among them. The results show that the vertical component of heat condition and the slag rim at meniscus decreases mould temperatures and the former also lower the level of the peak temperature, and the minimum thickness of solid slag film about 80 mm below meniscus results in the peak mould heat flux and temperature. The magnitude and profile of mould heat transfer around the perimeter between the shell and mould, having corresponding relationship with solid slag, determines that of shell thickness. And the channel the liquid slag entering at meniscus determines the mould heat transfer to some extent.
Surface Reconstruction through Point Set Structuring

We present a method for reconstructing surfaces from point sets. The main novelty lies in a structure‐preserving approach where the input point set is first consolidated by structuring and resampling the planar components, before reconstructing the surface from both the consolidated components and the unstructured points. The final surface is obtained through solving a graph‐cut problem formulated on the 3D Delaunay triangulation of the structured point set where the tetrahedra are labeled as inside or outside cells. Structuring facilitates the surface reconstruction as the point set is substantially reduced and the points are enriched with structural meaning related to adjacency between primitives. Our approach departs from the common dichotomy between smooth/piecewise‐smooth and primitive‐based representations by gracefully combining canonical parts from detected primitives and free‐form parts of the inferred shape. Our experiments on a variety of inputs illustrate the potential of our approach in terms of robustness, flexibility and efficiency.
Studies on the anemia of prematurity.

ALTHOUGH the anemia of prematurity has long commanded the attention of pediatricians, there still exists a striking lack of agreement concerning most aspects of this syndrome. Many diverse theories relating to the pathogenesis of the anemia of premature infants are still taught, and many diverse modes of prophylaxis and therapy are based upon these theories. Thus the anemia has been variously considered to result from (1) excessive hemolysis,* (2) deficient antenatal stores of hematopoietic factors, 3 (3) bone marrow immaturity,† and (4) rapid growth and hemodilution. 6 The opinions concerning the role of iron in the etiology, prophylaxis, and therapy of the anemia of prematurity are equally variable and range from those which claim no value of iron whatever to those which claim striking benefit. ‡ The value of blood transfusion in the management of the anemia of prematurity likewise remains a point of current debate, with widely divergent practices employed