Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of a percolating IGM on redshifted 21-cm observations of quasar H ii regions

We assess the impact of inhomogeneous reionization on detection of H ii regions surrounding luminous high-redshift quasars using planned low-frequency radio telescopes. Our approach is to implement a seminumerical scheme to calculate the three-dimensional structure of ionized regions surrounding a massive halo at high redshift, including the ionizing influence of a luminous quasar. As part of our analysis we briefly contrast our scheme with published seminumerical models. We calculate mock 21-cm spectra along the line of sight towards high-redshift quasars, and estimate the ability of the planned Murchison Widefield Array to detect the presence of H ii regions. The signal-to-noise ratio for detection will drop as the characteristic bubble size grows during reionization because the quasar's influence becomes less prominent. However, quasars will imprint a detectable signature on observed 21-cm spectra that is distinct from a region of typical intergalactic medium (IGM). At epochs where the mean hydrogen neutral fraction is ≈30 per cent or greater we find that neutral gas in the IGM surrounding a single quasar will be detectable (at a significance of 5σ) within 100-h integrations in more than 50 per cent of cases. 1000-h integrations will be required to detect a smaller neutral fraction of 15 per cent in more than 50 per cent of cases. A highly significant detection will be possible in only 100 h for a stack of 10 smaller 3 proper Mpc H ii regions. The accurate measurement of the global average neutral fraction (〈xH i〉) will be limited by systematic fluctuations between lines of sight for single H ii regions. We estimate the accuracy with which the global neutral fraction could be measured from a single H ii region to be 50, 30 and 20 per cent for 〈xH i〉≈ 0.15, 0.3 and 0.5, respectively.
Water Entry of Projectiles Tadd

The free-surface impact of solid objects has been investigated for well over a century. This canonical problem is influenced by many physical parameters, including projectile geometry, material properties, fluid properties, and impact parameters. Through advances in high-speed imaging and visualization techniques, discoveries about the underlying physics have improved our understanding of these phenomena. Improvements to analytical and numerical models have led to critical insights into cavity formation, the depth and time of pinch-off, forces, and trajectories for myriad different impact parameters. This topic spans a wide range of regimes, from low-speed entry phenomena dominated by surface tension to high-speed ballistics, for which cavitation is important. This review surveys experimental, theoretical, and numerical studies over this broad range, utilizing canonical images where possible to enhance intuition and insight into the rich phenomena.
Quality-Adjusted Consumer Surplus for Markets with Asymmetric Information

Traditional measures of consumer surplus (CS) have implicitly assumed that the quality expected is the same as the quality that is paid for ex ante. However, when product or service quality cannot be perfectly verified ex-ante by consumers in markets with asymmetric information, and actual quality received may not necessarily equal quality expected, CS would not be precisely measured. This may lead to either over-estimation or under-estimation of the real level of CS, thus misrepresenting the true surplus markets render to consumers. In this paper, we propose a quality-adjusted measure of CS for markets with asymmetric information. We first relax the assumption that consumers always receive the quality they expect ex ante. Second, we leverage expectation-confirmation theory to construct the utility function to derive the proposed quality-adjusted measure of CS.
A multi-layered Conceptual Framework for Expressive Gesture Applications

The paper aims at (i) understanding expressiveness in gestures using computational modeling and (ii) exploit this understanding in artistic applications, where the enhancement of the expressiveness in interactive music/dance/video systems is a major goal. A multi-layered conceptual framework is presented and examples are given of its use in interactive art performances.
A COST-EFFECTIVE ROAD SURVEYING METHOD FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF ROAD ALIGNMENTS

Roads have been, since the introduction of motor vehicles, one of the basic pillars of a modern society. Today almost 1 out of every 2 inhabitants in the 15 EU-Countries is an owner of a passenger car with increasing trend. But besides people, goods are reaching the consumer mostly via the road network (35% increase in the last decade within the EU). Keeping up with such a demanding system is vital for the whole EU.
Design guidelines for web applications based on local patterns

We present the results of a project to determine web design guidelines bases on user interface design patterns present in Chilean web applications. The scope of the work is restricted to web applications in the . cl domain. We consider three types of web applications: web sites, search engines and blogs. First, we chose a study sample of 178 web sites, 4 search engines and 16 blogs. Then, a typical web application's elements were identified, and their most common page locations were determined. Usability tests were performed on a representative sample of web sites so as to evaluate them qualitatively and thus determine which elements are relevant to the users from a usability point of view. Finally, we derive design guidelines for the most representative features for each type of web application, based on analysis of the study sample and the usability test results.
Mitochondrial Fragmentation Leads to Intracellular Acidification in Caenorhabditis elegans and Mammalian Cells

It is unclear how lesions in genes that regulate mitochondrial structural dynamics lead to disease. Here, tissue-specific biosensors expressed in the genetic model organism Caenorhabditis elegans are used to demonstrate that robust cellular acidification occurs when mitochondria are fragmented and may contribute to the etiology of morphology diseases in mammals.
Overview of machine learning based side-channel analysis methods

Recent publications have shown that there is a possibility to apply machine learning methods for side-channel analysis, mostly for profiling based attacks. In this paper, we present a brief overview of those methods, and highlight what are the improvements that might be offered. It is shown that, in most cases, the performance of these methods could outperform the classical attacks. Here, we also discuss what could be the other potential applications of the learning algorithms, for example, as feature selection or for construction of leakage model.
Modeling and Predicting Face Recognition System Performance Based on Analysis of Similarity Scores

This paper presents methods of modeling and predicting face recognition (FR) system performance based on analysis of similarity scores. We define the performance of an FR system as its recognition accuracy, and consider the intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting its performance. The intrinsic factors of an FR system include the gallery images, the FR algorithm, and the tuning parameters. The extrinsic factors include mainly query image conditions. For performance modeling, we propose the concept of "perfect recognition", based on which a performance metric is extracted from perfect recognition similarity scores (PRSS) to relate the performance of an FR system to its intrinsic factors. The PRSS performance metric allows tuning FR algorithm parameters offline for near optimal performance. In addition, the performance metric extracted from query images is used to adjust face alignment parameters online for improved performance. For online prediction of the performance of an FR system on query images, features are extracted from the actual recognition similarity scores and their corresponding PRSS. Using such features, we can predict online if an individual query image can be correctly matched by the FR system, based on which we can reduce the incorrect match rates. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of an FR system can be significantly improved using the presented methods
Predicting Postsecondary Education and Employment Outcomes Using Results From the Transition Assessment and Goal Generator

We conducted an exploratory study to investigate the relation between nonacademic behavior constructs measured by the Transition Assessment and Goal Generator (TAGG) and postsecondary education and employment outcomes for 297 high school leavers who completed the TAGG during their high school years. Four of eight TAGG constructs predicted postsecondary educational outcomes: (a) Interacting With Others, (b) Student Involvement in the Individualized Education Program (IEP), (c) Support Community, and (d) Goal Setting and Attainment. Four constructs predicted postsecondary employment outcomes: (a) Employment, (b) Student Involvement in the IEP, (c) Support Community, and (d) Interacting With Others. The addition of student grade point average (GPA) strengthened some of the models. The findings appear to add predictive validity evidence to support use of TAGG results to assist with transition planning.
Integration of a concurrent signature monitoring mechanism in a System-on-a-Chip

In this work, an IP infrastructure is presented that provides concurrent signature monitoring to the designed system-on-a-chip (SoC). Such mechanisms ensure application code consistency and research focus integration inside high performance processor cores. A low-cost but very effective approach is offered, which has been successfully integrated in a prototype targeting safety critical applications. The advantages of the integration of this simple unit in a SoC and its characteristics are also presented.
Linear Manifold Regularization for Large Scale Semi-supervised Learning

The enormous wealth of unlabeled data in many applications of machine learning is beginning to pose challenges to the designers of semi-supervised learning methods. We are interested in developing linear classification algorithms to efficiently learn from massive partially labeled datasets. In this paper, we propose Linear Laplacian Support Vector Machines and Linear Laplacian Regularized Least Squares as promising solutions to this problem.
Positional Concerns Through the Life Cycle: Evidence from Subjective Well-Being Data and Survey Experiments

This paper uses both subjective well-being and survey experimental data to analyze how people's positional concerns regarding income and goods vary with age. The subjective well-being approach is mainly based on German panel data for the period 1984-2009 (German Socio-Economic Panel), while the survey experimental approach is based on a tailor-made experimental design conducted among Swedish adults. Our analysis suggests that the degree of positional concerns is not homogenous across the life cycle. Our different analytical approaches show a robust life cycle pattern of positional concerns: young people experience no or a low degree of positional concerns, yet the level of concerns for income increases gradually and significantly with age. The results also differ across goods: while car consumption is similar to income, the positional concern for leisure time decreases through the life cycle.
A Home Energy Management System for Energy-Efficient Smart Homes

As the carbon dioxide emission and global warming become the world serious issues, many researches are performed to reduce the energy consumption. Therefore, there are many new devices for energy saving scheme in the smart home area, such as smart plug, AMI, and IHD. Using them, users can recognize and reduce the amount of energy consumption, and the appliances can be controlled considering the energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a home energy management system for an energy-efficient smart home. First, the data of energy consumption for a smart home is collected and analyzed. And energy conservation measures are generated and performed while maintaining comfort of users. Using these methods, energy management services for smart homes can be provided more easily and efficiently.
Distance-aware round-robin mapping for large NUCA caches

In many-core architectures, memory blocks are commonly assigned to the banks of a NUCA cache by following a physical mapping. This mapping assigns blocks to cache banks in a round-robin fashion, thus neglecting the distance between the cores that most frequently access every block and the corresponding NUCA bank for the block. This issue impacts both cache access latency and the amount of on-chip network traffic generated. On the other hand, first-touch mapping policies, which take into account distance, can lead to an unbalanced utilization of cache banks, and consequently, to an increased number of expensive off-chip accesses. In this work, we propose the distance-aware round-robin mapping policy, an OS-managed policy which addresses the trade-off between cache access latency and number of off-chip accesses. Our policy tries to map the pages accessed by a core to its closest (local) bank, like in a first-touch policy. However, our policy also introduces an upper bound on the deviation of the distribution of memory pages among cache banks, which lessens the number of off-chip accesses. This tradeoff is addressed without requiring any extra hardware structure. We also show that the private cache indexing commonly used in many-core architectures is not the most appropriate for OS-managed distance-aware mapping policies, and propose to employ different bits for such indexing. Using GEMS simulator we show that our proposal obtains average improvements of 11% for parallel applications and 14% for multi-programmed workloads in terms of execution time, and significant reductions in network traffic, over a traditional physical mapping. Moreover, when compared to a first-touch mapping policy, our proposal improves average execution time by 5% for parallel applications and 6% for multi-programmed workloads, slightly increasing on-chip network traffic.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by Effective and Efficient Xml Duplicate Detection Using Levenshtein Distance Algorithm

There is big amount of work on discovering duplicates in relational data; merely elite findings concentrate on duplication in additional multifaceted hierarchical structures. Electronic information is one of the key factors in several business operations, applications, and determinations, at the same time as an outcome, guarantee its superiority is necessary. Duplicates are several delegacy of the identical real world thing which is dissimilar from each other. Duplicate finding a little assignment because of the actuality that duplicates are not accurately equivalent, frequently because of the errors in the information. Accordingly, many data processing techniques never apply widespread assessment algorithms which identify precise duplicates. As an alternative, evaluate all objective representations, by means of a probably compound identical approach, to identifying that the object is real world or not. Duplicate detection is applicable in data clean-up and data incorporation applications and which considered comprehensively for relational data or XML document.This paper it is suggested to use Levenshtein distance algorithm which is best and efficient than the previous Normalized Edit Distance (NED) algorithm. This paper will provide the person who reads with the groundwork for research in Duplicate Detection in XML data or Hierarchical Data.
Evolving insider threat detection using stream analytics and big data

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, all praises to Almighty God for allowing me to write this dissertation. Second, I would like to express my gratitude to my PhD advisor, Professor Bhavani Thu-raisingham, for her constant support during my PhD studies. It was my great privilege that she supported me as a research assistant during my MS studies (part of it) at UT Dallas. During my graduate research, she gave me a lot of opportunity to work independently with minimal interference. Third, I would like to thank my wonderful committee members from the bottom of my heart. In particular, during my job hunting, Professor Farokh Bastani was a great resource for me. He was an immense help for preparing my job interview at VCE. During my graduate studies, I took a number of courses with Dr. Haim Schweitzer, and I really enjoyed his teaching and courses. I would like to also acknowledge Dr. Weili Wu and Dr. I-Ling Yen for their support on various occasions.
CS 540 Machine Learning Clustering of Typeset Mathematical Symbols Using Spectral Methods and Shape Contexts

Optical character recognition (OCR) of natural languages, both typeset and handwritten, is successfully used today in a wide range of applications. OCR of mathematical expressions and mathematical symbols is not yet as advanced, however. This project demonstrates a method for recognising typeset mathematical symbols. The method involves using spectral methods to perform semi-supervised clustering of the symbol images, using shape contexts as defined in [2] to measure the similarity of symbols.
Health outcomes after prostatectomy or radiotherapy for prostate cancer: results from the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study.

BACKGROUND Radical prostatectomy and external beam radiotherapy are the two major therapeutic options for treating clinically localized prostate cancer. Because survival is often favorable regardless of therapy, treatment decisions may depend on other therapy-specific health outcomes. In this study, we compared the effects of two treatments on urinary, bowel, and sexual functions and on general health-related quality-of-life outcomes over a 2-year period following initial treatment. METHODS A diverse cohort of patients aged 55-74 years who were newly diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer and received either radical prostatectomy (n = 1156) or external beam radiotherapy (n = 435) were included in this study. A propensity score was used to balance the two treatment groups because they differed in some baseline characteristics. This score was used in multivariable cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analyses comparing the treatment groups. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Almost 2 years after treatment, men receiving radical prostatectomy were more likely than men receiving radiotherapy to be incontinent (9.6% versus 3.5%; P:<.001) and to have higher rates of impotence (79.6% versus 61.5%; P:<.001), although large, statistically significant declines in sexual function were observed in both treatment groups. In contrast, men receiving radiotherapy reported greater declines in bowel function than did men receiving radical prostatectomy. All of these differences remained after adjustments for propensity score. The treatment groups were similar in terms of general health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS There are important differences in urinary, bowel, and sexual functions over 2 years after different treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer. In contrast to previous reports, these outcome differences reflect treatment delivered to a heterogeneous group of patients in diverse health care settings. These results provide comprehensive and representative information about long-term treatment complications to help guide and inform patients and clinicians about prostate cancer treatment decisions.
Switching Behavior of Class-E Power Amplifier and Its Operation Above Maximum Frequency

The switching behavior of Class-E power amplifiers (PAs) is described. Although the zero voltage switching can be performed properly, the Cout charging process at the switch-off transition cannot be abrupt and the waveform deviates from the ideal shape, degrading the efficiency. For the operation above maximum frequency, the charging process should be even faster but it cannot follow. Moreover, the discharging process is not sufficiently fast and further degrades the efficiency. The discharging process is assisted by the bifurcated current at saturation. The performance of the Class-E PA above the maximum frequency is enhanced by the nonlinear Cout, which helps to shape the voltage waveform. The bifurcated current itself cannot generate enough of a second-harmonic voltage component to shape the required voltage waveform. The performance of the Class-E PA can be further improved by a second-harmonic tuning and a conjugate matched output load, leading to the saturated PA. Compared with the Class-E PA, the saturated amplifier delivers higher output power and efficiency. A highly efficient saturated amplifier is designed using a Cree GaN HEMT CGH40010 device at 3.5 GHz. It provides a drain efficiency of 75.8% at a saturated power of 40.2 dBm (10.5 W).
Evidence from Type Ia supernovae for an accelerating universe

We review the use of Type Ia supernovae for cosmological distance determinations. Low-redshift SNe Ia (z≲0.1) demonstrate that the Hubble expansion is linear, that H0=65±2 (statistical) km−1 Mpc−1, and that the properties of dust in other galaxies are similar to those of dust in the Milky Way. We find that the light curves of high-redshift (z=0.3–1) SNe Ia are stretched in a manner consistent with the expansion of space; similarly, their spectra exhibit slower temporal evolution (by a factor of 1+z) than those of nearby SNe Ia. The luminosity distances of our first set of 16 high-redshift SNe Ia are, on average, 10–15% farther than expected in a low mass-density (ΩM=0.2) universe without a cosmological constant. Preliminary analysis of our second set of 9 SNe Ia is consistent with this. Our work supports models with positive cosmological constant and a current acceleration of the expansion. We address the main potential sources of systematic error; at present, none of them appears to reconcile the data wi.
Prediction of voltage-gated ion channel toxins by increment of diversity

Voltage-gated ion channel is the molecular target for a broad range of toxins. Voltage-gated ion channel toxins are excellent pharmacological tools in toxicology and neuroscience. They have been used as molecular scaffolding agents, drugs, and insecticides. In this study, voltage-gated calcium, potassium and sodium channel toxins are predicted by the increment of diversity (ID) algorithm. Each protein is represented by 400 pseudo amino acid compositions and 9 MEME motif features. The Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (MRMR) is applied for ranking 400 pseudo amino acid compositions. The results of jackknife test indicate that the best predictive results are obtained when using 50 higher ranked pseudo amino acid compositions and 9 MEME motif features. Based on the predictive results, our results suggest the usefulness and potential of ID algorithm for prediction of voltage-gated ion channel toxins using protein sequence derived information.
ARX-LF-based source-filter methods for voice modification and transformation

Two ARX-LF-based source/filters models for speech signals are presented. A robust glottal inversion technique is used to deconvolve the signal into an excitation component and a filter component. The excitation component is further decomposed into an LF part and a residual part. The first model, referred to as the LF-vocoder, is a high quality vocoder that replaces the residual part with modulated noise. The second model uses a sinusoidal harmonic representation of the residual signal. The latter does not degrade the signal during analysis/synthesis and provides higher quality for small modification factors, while the former has the advantage of being a compact, fully parametric representation that is suitable for low-bit-rate speech coding as well as parametric speech synthesis applications.