Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of String Similarity Metrics in Ontology Alignment

An ontology is a representation of the concepts in a domain and how they relate to one another. Engineering new ontologies is not a deterministic process – many design decisions must be made, and the designers’ backgrounds and the application they are targeting will influence their decisions in different ways. The end result is that two ontologies that represent the same domain will not be the same. They may use synonyms for the same concept, they may be at different levels of abstraction, they may not include all of the same concepts, and they may not even be in the same language. The goal of ontology alignment is to determine when an entity in one ontology is semantically related to an entity in another ontology (for a comprehensive discussion of ontology alignment, including a formal definition, see [22]). This would allow software applications to ingest information across different websites.
The prevention of methotrexate toxicity by thymidine infusions in humans.

Continuous i.v. thymidine (TdR) was given to 12 patients with metastatic cancer in an attempt to prevent methotrexate (MTX) toxicity. MTX was infused in 27 courses with progressive dose increase from 80 mg/sq m for 24 hr to 6 g/sq m for 72 hr. TdR at 8 g/sq m/day was infused concurrently and continued 24 to 48 hr beyond MTX infusion. The median pretreatment serum TdR level was 0.19 micron. With TdR infusion, the median level was 1.5 micronM. Serum TdR fell with a half-time of 8 to 10 min after a pulse dose or cessation of infusion. Spinal fluid TdR equaled serum TdR levels after 2 hr of infusion. Less than 2% of administered TdR appeared in urine. MTX serum levels were proportional to dose infused, ranging from 80 to 100 micronM with 2 g/sq m/day. The half-time for MTX clearance from serum was 4 to 8 hr. Spinal fluid MTX reached equilibrium at 3 to 12% of serum levels by 4 hr. Bone marrow dysfunction during MTX infusion was prevented by TdR as determined by labeling indices and cytofluorographic analyses. Toxicity was not seen in patients with normal MTX clearance using 48-hr infusions of MTX where TdR was continued for an additional 48 hr after the MTX infusion had ended. However, 3 of 6 courses of MTX at 6 g/sq m over 72 hr led to toxicity. Toxicity was reversible in 2 patients, 1 of whom was retreated with a similar dose duration of MTX without toxicity when TdR was continued beyond the end of the MTX infusion for 48 hr instead of the usual 24 hr. The 3rd patient with toxicity died of progressive disease and thrombocytopenia 19 days after treatment. No TdR-related toxicity or unusual MTX toxicity was detected. Antitumor effects were noted in 4 patients. TdR offers significant protection against MTX toxicity and deserves further clinical study.
Topological properties for characterizing well-formedness of process components

RHODES is an environment for modelling software processes, in which software processes are described by using a Process Modelling Language called PBOOL+. In this environment, a software process is built from PBOOL+ process components that can be reused to construct other processes. To identify well-formed process components, we study properties to be able to characterize topological structure of the components. These properties should relate intrinsically to cohesion of a component, and coupling between components. We will consider two classical properties that originated from graph theory, which are connection and transitive closure. These two properties are sometimes too strict to be applied, so we propose several weaker properties that are still useful for characterizing good components. The article aims to present these topological properties and their applications to reusable process components in context of the RHODES environment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mining User Interests through Internet Review Forum for Building Recommendation System

Research on recommendation system is now getting a lot of attention due to the rapid growth of user generated contents, especially internet review forums. They easily share about their experiences towards some products and services on the review forums. As a result, review forums are overwhelmed with the amount valuable information for predicting user interests. In our work, we present a method to develop a recommendation system leveraging the information mined from review forums. Our method automatically determines user interests by learning from user reviews. Furthermore, we propose the notion of "considered aspects" as the form of user interests, which serve as key information why users are interested in consuming a specific product or service. Several state-of-the-art methods, such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), are employed to extract those "considered aspects". Finally, we show that our recommendation system significantly outperforms the baseline system. It is also worth noting that our proposed method is completely unsupervised, domain-independent, and language-independent.
Cybersemiotics: Why Information Is Not Enough

A growing field of inquiry, biosemiotics is a theory of cognition and communication that unites the living and the cultural world. What is missing from this theory, however, is the unification of the information and computational realms of the non-living natural and technical world. Cybersemiotics provides such a framework. By integrating cybernetic information theory into the unique semiotic framework of C.S. Peirce, Soren Brier attempts to find a unified conceptual framework that encompasses the complex area of information, cognition, and communication science. This integration is performed through Niklas Luhmann's autopoietic systems theory of social communication. The link between cybernetics and semiotics is, further, an ethological and evolutionary theory of embodiment combined with Lakoff and Johnson's 'philosophy in the flesh. ' This demands the development of a transdisciplinary philosophy of knowledge as much common sense as it is cultured in the humanities and the sciences. Such an epistemological and ontological framework is also developed in this volume. Cybersemiotics not only builds a bridge between science and culture, it provides a framework that encompasses them both. The cybersemiotic framework offers a platform for a new level of global dialogue between knowledge systems, including a view of science that does not compete with religion but offers the possibility for mutual and fruitful exchange.
Diabetic HDL Is Dysfunctional in Stimulating Endothelial Cell Migration and Proliferation Due to Down Regulation of SR-BI Expression

Background Diabetic HDL had diminished capacity to stimulate endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, and adhesion to extracellular matrix. The mechanism of such dysfunction is poorly understood and we therefore sought to determine the mechanistic features of diabetic HDL dysfunction. Methodology/Principal Findings We found that the dysfunction of diabetic HDL on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was associated with the down regulation of the HDL receptor protein, SR-BI. Akt-phosphorylation in HUVECs was induced in a biphasic manner by normal HDL. While diabetic HDL induced Akt phosphorylation normally after 20 minutes, the phosphorylation observed 24 hours after diabetic HDL treatment was reduced. To determine the role of SR-BI down regulation on diminished EC responses of diabetic HDL, Mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) were isolated from wild type and SR-BI (−/−) mice, and treated with normal and diabetic HDL. The proliferative and migratory effects of normal HDL on wild type MAECs were greatly diminished in SR-BI (−/−) cells. In contrast, response to diabetic HDL was impaired in both types suggesting diminished effectiveness of diabetic HDL on EC proliferation and migration might be due to the down regulation of SR-BI. Additionally, SR-BI down regulation diminishes diabetic HDL’s capacity to activate Akt chronically. Conclusions/Significance Diabetic HDL was dysfunctional in promoting EC proliferation, migration, and adhesion to matrix which was associated with the down-regulation of SR-BI. Additionally, SR-BI down regulation diminishes diabetic HDL’s capacity to activate Akt chronically.
Performance Analysis of Pulse Generators for UWB-Based Sensor Networks

UWB systems based on impulse radio (IR-UWB) have the potential to provide very low duty cycles and low power consumption. Furthermore, IR-UWB has the advantages of being able to carry out precision localization and to handle multi-path signals. Consequently, with its low implementation complexity, it is an ideal candidate for sensor network applications. In an IR-UWB system, pulse generator is a key component because it determines the frequency characteristics of the transmitter and affects the performance of the UWB system. In complement to what has been reported in literature so far, this paper gives a brief overview of recently developed short UWB pulse generation techniques, presents analysis of peak voltage of various pulses and shows the bit-error rate (BER) performance of non-sinusoidal and carrier based pulse generators for sensor network applications.
SEMIDEFINITE REPRESENTABILITY OF THE TRACE OF TOTALLY POSITIVE LAURENT POLYNOMIAL MATRIX FUNCTIONS

The function that maps a positive semidefinite matrix to the trace of one of its nonnegative integer power is semidefinite representable. In this note, we reduce the size of this semidefinite representation from O(kn) linear matrix inequalities of dimension n, where k is the desired power and n × n the size of the matrix to O(log2(k)) linear matrix inequalities of dimension 2n. We also propose a variant of our strategy that can deal with traces of negative powers.
What is the Right Thing to Say? Agreement among Perceivers on the Supportiveness of Statements

Abstract Most social support theory implies that there are objectively supportive people and statements. Yet there is little agreement among perceivers that some people are more supportive than others. Nonetheless, there might be better agreement regarding supportive statements. In three studies, children, college students, and members of a clinical training program rated the supportiveness of specific statements presented by text or video. Agreement among perceivers accounted for only 11% of the variance (range = 8%–12%). Perceivers disagreed because of their traitlike perceptual biases, as well as perceivers’ idiosyncratic tastes. Implications for social support theory were discussed.
Supportive Care of Breast Cancer Patients in Iran: A Systematic Review

Context: As breast cancer treatment going forward, need for supportive strategies grows. That creates an important call to summarize what has been done regionally. Objectives: In this study, we systematically reviewed articles that proceeded rehabilitation and supportive care in breast cancer patients in Iran to present a research map of rehabilitation research in the past 10 years in Iran. Data Sources: All articles published from January 2006 to October 2015 were included. All of the breast cancer studies in Iran were searched in 3 English (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) and 2 Persian databases (SID and IranMedex). Study Selection: All papers related to rehabilitation in breast cancer were included and categorized into 5 subgroups including qualitative, instrument, lymphedema, interventional, and observational studies. Three reviewers (two surgeons and an epidemiologist) screened the primary search and divided it into subgroups. Data Extraction: Two reviewers used a checklist to critically appraise the full text of the selected articles. The necessary information of retrieved articles was extracted and recorded in the designed data extraction spreadsheet in Excel software. Results: A total of 194 articles (102 in English and 92 in Persian) were assessed for eligibility of inclusion in the review, of which, 121 were excluded, and 73 studies were kept. The included studies consisted of 14 on qualitative design, 5 studies in the translation and validation of research instruments, 7 articles in the field of lymphedema, 20 articles about different intervention modalities on breast cancer patients (including education, social status, psychological, exercise, etc.), and 27 observational studies about anxiety, depression, quality of life, sexual function, emotional distress, complementary medicine, lifestyle, etc. Conclusions: Most of the reviewed studies insisted on a prevalence of physical, psychological, functional, and spiritual problems of breast cancer survivors and their caregivers. Designing a mega project to offer a palliative and rehabilitation service package according to the needs of Iranian patients may become a priority in their health care system.
A Rosetta Stone for Quantum Mechanics with an Introduction to Quantum Computation

The purpose of these lecture notes is to provide readers, who have some mathematical background but little or no exposure to quantum mechanics and quantum computation, with enough material to begin reading the research literature in quantum computation and quantum information theory. This paper is a written version of the first of eight one hour lectures given in the American Mathematical Society (AMS) Short Course on Quantum Computation held in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of the AMS in Washington, DC, USA in January 2000, and will appear in the AMS PSAPM volume entitled "Quantum Computation. " Part 1 of the paper is an introduction the to the concept of the qubit. Part 2 gives an introduction to quantum mechanics covering such topics as Dirac notation, quantum measurement, Heisenberg uncertainty, Schrodinger's equation, density operators, partial trace, multipartite quantum systems, the Heisenberg versus the Schrodinger picture, quantum entanglement, EPR paradox, quantum entropy. Part 3 gives a brief introduction to quantum computation, covering such topics as elementary quantum computing devices, wiring diagrams, the no-cloning theorem, quantum teleportation, Shor's algorithm, Grover's algorithm. Many examples are given. A table of contents as well as an index are provided for readers who wish to "pick and choose. " Since this paper is intended for a diverse audience, it is written in an informal style at varying levels of difficulty and sophistication from the very elementary to the more advanced.
Determinants of dependence in dyadic buyer-supplier relationships

It is generally agreed that ‘power’ and ‘dependence’ are important concepts for the understanding of buyer-seller relationships. However, little research has been carried out aimed at identifying determinants of dependence in dyadic buyer-supplier relationships. In this study we have addressed this gap, combining an extensive literature study with an empirical study (expert interviews). The study has resulted in a conceptual model of organisational dependence in dyadic buyer-supplier relationships, including: logistical indispensability, need for the supplier’s technological expertise, availability of alternative suppliers, and switching costs for buyer’s dependence, and financial magnitude, need for the buyer’s technological expertise, availability of alternative buyers, and switching costs for supplier’s dependence. The results are discussed and recommendations for further research are provided, also in the light of a network approach to buyer-supplier relationships.
An efficient SVM-based method for multi-class network traffic classification

Multi-class network traffic classification is a fundamental function for network services and management. Support vector machine (SVM) based network traffic classification has recently attracted increasing interest, for its high accuracy and low training sample size requirement. However, to better fit applications with delay requirements, it is desirable to reduce the high computation cost of existing SVM-based traffic classifiers. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for SVM-based traffic classification (called fuzzy tournament). Experiment results based on real network traffic traces show that our proposed scheme can reduce computation cost by as much as 7.65 times; in the mean time, misclassification ratio is consistently reduced by up to 2.35 times as well.
Série Scientifique Scientific Series Market Time and Asset Price Movements Theory and Estimation Les Organisations-partenaires / the Partner Organizations Crest and Cepremap. Market Time and Asset Price Movements Theory and Estimation

CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de lIndustrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. The Scientific Series fulfils one of the missions of CIRANO: to develop the scientific analysis of organizations and strategic behaviour. Service de développement économique de la ville de Montréal. Abstract / Résumé Subordinated stochastic processes, also called time deformed stochastic processes, have been proposed in a variety of contexts to describe asset price behavior. They are used when the movement of prices is tied to the number of market transactions, trading volume or the more illusive concept of information arrival. The aim of the paper is to present a comprehensive treatment of the stochastic process theory as well as the statistical inference of subordinated processes. Numerous applications in finance are provided to illustrate the use of the processes to model market behavior and asset returns. Nous étudions les mouvements de prix dactifs financiers à laide de processus avec changement de temps. Lidée est que lactivité du marché, mesurée par des séries comme le volume de transactions, détermine léchelle de temps intrinsèque du processus stochastique de prix ou de rendement. Les propriétés de ce type de processus, parfois aussi appelés subordonné, sont présentées en détail et illustrées par plusieurs applications à la théorie financière. On développe également les procédures dinférence statistique correspondantes.
SARS in Healthcare Facilities, Toronto and Taiwan

The healthcare setting was important in the early spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in both Toronto and Taiwan. Healthcare workers, patients, and visitors were at increased risk for infection. Nonetheless, the ability of individual SARS patients to transmit disease was quite variable. Unrecognized SARS case-patients were a primary source of transmission and early detection and intervention were important to limit spread. Strict adherence to infection control precautions was essential in containing outbreaks. In addition, grouping patients into cohorts and limiting access to SARS patients minimized exposure opportunities. Given the difficulty in implementing several of these measures, controls were frequently adapted to the acuity of SARS care and level of transmission within facilities. Although these conclusions are based only on a retrospective analysis of events, applying the experiences of Toronto and Taiwan to SARS preparedness planning efforts will likely minimize future transmission within healthcare facilities.
Developmental Issues in Interlanguage Pragmatics

Unlike other areas of second language study, which are primarily concerned with acquisitional patterns of interlanguage knowledge over time, most studies in interlanguage pragmatics have focused on second language use rather than second language learning. The aim of this paper is to profile interlanguage pragmatics as an area of inquiry in second language acquisition research, by reviewing existing studies with a focus on learning, examining research findings in interlanguage pragmatics that shed light on some basic questions in SLA, exploring cognitive and social-psychological theories that might offer explanations of different aspects of pragmatic development, and proposing a research agenda for the study of interlanguage pragmatics with a developmental perspective that will tie it more closely to other areas of SLA.
Whole-Genome Analyses Resolve the Phylogeny of Flightless Birds (Palaeognathae) in the Presence of an Empirical Anomaly Zone

Palaeognathae represent one of the two basal lineages in modern birds, and comprise the volant (flighted) tinamous and the flightless ratites. Resolving palaeognath phylogenetic relationships has historically proved difficult, and short internal branches separating major palaeognath lineages in previous molecular phylogenies suggest that extensive incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) might have accompanied a rapid ancient divergence. Here, we investigate palaeognath relationships using genome-wide data sets of three types of noncoding nuclear markers, together totalling 20,850 loci and over 41 million base pairs of aligned sequence data. We recover a fully resolved topology placing rheas as the sister to kiwi and emu + cassowary that is congruent across marker types for two species tree methods (MP-EST and ASTRAL-II). This topology is corroborated by patterns of insertions for 4,274 CR1 retroelements identified from multi-species whole genome screening, and is robustly supported by phylogenomic subsampling analyses, with MP-EST demonstrating particularly consistent performance across subsampling replicates as compared to ASTRAL. In contrast, analyses of concatenated data supermatrices recover rheas as the sister to all other non-ostrich palaeognaths, an alternative that lacks retroelement support and shows inconsistent behavior under subsampling approaches. While statistically supporting the species tree topology, conflicting patterns of retroelement insertions also occur and imply high amounts of ILS across short successive internal branches, consistent with observed patterns of gene tree heterogeneity. Coalescent simulations indicate that the majority of observed topological incongruence among gene trees is consistent with coalescent variation rather than arising from gene tree estimation error alone, and estimated branch lengths for short successive internodes in the inferred species tree fall within the theoretical range encompassing the anomaly zone. Distributions of empirical gene trees confirm that the most common gene tree topology for each marker type differs from the species tree, signifying the existence of an empirical anomaly zone in palaeognaths.
Is there a general trait of susceptibility to simultaneous contrast ?

Individuals differ in their susceptibility to simultaneous contrast. Are the underlying differences in neural machinery conserved across different stimulus dimensions? We measured the extent to which 97 subjects perceived simultaneous contrast on the dimensions of luminance, colour, luminance contrast, colour contrast, orientation, spatial frequency, motion and numerosity. Individual differences showed retest reliability for each dimension (0.32 ≤ ICC(c,1) ≤ 0.78, p ≤ 0.05), but susceptibility to simultaneous contrast, with a few exceptions, was not correlated across dimensions. Either susceptibility to contrast arises empirically from an individual’s interactions with the environment, or it is genetically determined but independently for different dimensions.