Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On consistent inconsistencies

The most common measure for an algorithm's efficiency is its running time, described as a function of the input length. Traditionally, however, several inconsistencies have found their way even to the analysis of the most classical algorithms. In some cases these are 'slight' inconsistencies, in the sense that their effect may change the result by a factor of lgn. Some others have a polynomial effect, and on the extreme---an exponential one. We discuss this matter, bringing pairs of examples for each of the categories of effect. In the first member of the pair, the algorithm's running time is calculated accurately, whereas in the other member, it is analyzed incorrectly, demonstrating that the computing community is being inconsistent when it comes to algorithm analysis. The article's intention is not to ask authors of textbooks on algorithms to produce modified editions of their books. Rather, it wishes to raise the question of inconsistency in our treatment of algorithm analysis among various algorithms.
A Probabilistic Error-Correcting Scheme

In the course of research in Computational Learning Theory, we found ourselves in need of an error-correcting encoding scheme for which few bits in the codeword yield no information about the plain message. Being unaware of a previous solution, we came-up with the scheme presented here. Since this scheme may be of interest to people working in Cryptography, we thought it may be worthwhile to \pub-lish" this part of our work within the Cryptography community. Clearly, a scheme as described above cannot be deterministic. Thus, we introduce a probabilistic coding scheme which, in addition to the standard coding theoretic requirements, has the feature that any constant fraction of the bits in the (randomized) codeword yields no information about the message being encoded. This coding scheme is also used to obtain eecient constructions for the Wire-Tap Channel Problem.
Multimodal Preference Aggregation for Multimedia Information Retrieval

Representing and fusing multimedia information is a key issue to discover semantics in multimedia. In this paper we address more specifically the problem of multimedia content retrieval through the joint design of an original multimodal information representation and of a machine learning-based fusion algorithm. We first define a novel preference-based representation particularly adapted to the retrieval problem, and then, we investigate the RankBoost algorithm to combine those preferences to fullfill a user’s query. Interestingly, it ends up being a flexible retrieval model that only manipulates ranking information and is blind to the intrinsic properties of the multimodal information input. The approach is tested on annotated images and on the complete TRECVID 2005 corpus and compared with SVM-based fusion strategies. The results show that our approach equals SVM performance but, contrary to SVM, is parameter free and faster.
Group‐Theme Recoloring for Multi‐Image Color Consistency

Modifying the colors of an image is a fundamental editing task with a wide range of methods available. Manipulating multiple images to share similar colors is more challenging, with limited tools available. Methods such as color transfer are effective in making an image share similar colors with a target image; however, color transfer is not suitable for modifying multiple images. Approaches for color consistency for photo collections give good results when the photo collection contains similar scene content, but are not applicable for general input images. To address these gaps, we propose an application framework for achieving color consistency for multi‐image input. Our framework derives a group color theme from the input images′ individual color palettes and uses this group color theme to recolor the image collection. This group‐theme recoloring provides an effective way to ensure color consistency among multiple images and naturally lends itself to the inclusion of an additional external color theme. We detail our group‐theme recoloring approach and demonstrate its effectiveness on a number of examples.
Systematic bias in cosmic shear: extending the Fisher matrix

We describe a method for computing the biases that systematic signals introduce in parameter estimation using a simple extension of the Fisher matrix formalism. This allows us to calculate the offset of the best fit parameters relative to the fiducial model, in addition to the usual statistical error ellipse. As an application, we study the impact that residual systematics in tomographic weak lensing measurements. In particular we explore three different types of shape measurement systematics: (i) additive systematic with no redshift evolution; (ii) additive systematic with redshift evolution; and (iii) multiplicative systematic. In each case, we consider a wide range of scale dependence and redshift evolution of the systematics signal. For a future DUNE-like full sky survey, we find that, for cases with mild redshift evolution, the variance of the additive systematic signal should be kept below 10 7 to ensure biases on cosmological parameters that are sub-dominant to the statistical errors. For the multiplicative systematics, which depends on the lensing signal, we find the multiplicative calibration m0 needs to be controlled to an accuracy better than 10 3 . We find that the impact of systematics can be underestimated if their assumes redshift dependence is too simplistic. We provide simple scaling relations to extend these requirements to any survey geometry and discuss the impact of our results for current and future weak lensing surveys.
Policy-based mobile ad hoc network management

Ad hoc networking is the basis of the future military network-centric warfare architecture. Such networks are highly dynamic in nature, as mobile ad hoc networks are formed over wireless links that are susceptible to failure. Strict requirements on security and reliability combined with the dynamic nature of the network provide a strong motivation for self-forming, self-configuring, and self-healing capabilities in the network. This paper describes a policy-based mobile ad hoc network management system that addresses these needs. The system provides the capability to express networking requirements in the form of policies at a high level and have them automatically realized in the network by intelligent agents. Our system provides the following capabilities: flexible monitoring and reporting that enables collection of management information from network elements at configurable intervals; automated configuration and reconfiguration of network elements based on reported network status; user-definable aggregation and filtering of monitored management information at the source of the data so as to reduce management station processing and network transmission overhead.
Solving multiple-objective optimization problems using GISMOO algorithm

In this paper, we proposed a new Pareto generic algorithm which hybridizes genetic algorithm and artificial immune systems. Numerical experiments were made using a classical benchmark in multiple-objective optimization (MOKP). Results show that our approach is able to obtain better performance than two state of the art approaches: NSGAII and PMSMO.
On-the-fly entity-aware query processing in the presence of linkage

Entity linkage is central to almost every data integration and data cleaning scenario. Traditional techniques use some computed similarity among data structure to perform merges and then answer queries on the merged data. We describe a novel framework for entity linkage with uncertainty. Instead of using the linkage information to merge structures a-priori, possible linkages are stored alongside the data with their belief value. A new probabilistic query answering technique is used to take the probabilistic linkage into consideration. The framework introduces a series of novelties: (i) it performs merges at run time based not only on existing linkages but also on the given query; (ii) it allows results that may contain structures not explicitly represented in the data, but generated as a result of a reasoning on the linkages; and (iii) enables an evaluation of the query conditions that spans across linked structures, offering a functionality not currently supported by any traditional probabilistic databases. We formally define the semantics, describe an efficient implementation and report on the findings of our experimental evaluation.
Code and data files for "Inequality Trends for Germany in the Last Two Decades: A Tale of Two Countries"

In this paper we rst document inequality trends in wages, hours worked, earnings, consumption and wealth for Germany from the last twenty years. We generally nd that inequality was relatively stable in West Germany until the German uni cation (which happened politically in 1990 and in our data in 1991), and then trended upwards for wages and market incomes, especially after about 1998. Disposable income and consumption, on the other hand, display only a modest increase in inequality over the same period. These trends occured against the backdrop of lower trend growth of earnings, incomes and consumption in the 1990s, relative to the 1980s. In the second part of the paper we further analyse the di¤erences between East and West Germans in terms of the evolution of levels and inequality of wages,
(Ethylenediamine-κ2 N,N)bis[2-(pyridin-2-yl-κN)-1,3-imidazol-1-ido-κN 1]cobalt(III) nitrate monohydrate

In the title compound, [Co(C8H6N3)2(C2H8N2)]NO3·H2O, the CoIII ion is coordinated by four N atoms from two 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,3-imidazol-1-ide ligands and two N atoms of ethylenediamine in a distorted octahedral geometry. In the crystal, classical N—H⋯N(O) and O—H⋯N(O) hydrogen bonds connect all the isolated components together to yield a three-dimensional structure.
Normal Range of Hepatic Fat Fraction on Dual- and Triple-Echo Fat Quantification MR in Children

Objectives To evaluate hepatic fat fraction on dual- and triple-echo gradient-recalled echo MRI sequences in healthy children. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of children in a medical check-up clinic from May 2012 to November 2013. We excluded children with abnormal laboratory findings or those who were overweight. Hepatic fat fraction was measured on dual- and triple-echo sequences using 3T MRI. We compared fat fractions using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement. The correlation between fat fractions and clinical and laboratory findings was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation test, and the cut-off values of fat fractions for diagnosing fatty liver were obtained from reference intervals. Results In 54 children (M:F = 26:28; 5–15 years; mean 9 years), the dual fat fraction (0.1–8.0%; median 1.6%) was not different from the triple fat fraction (0.4–6.5%; median 2.7%) (p = 0.010). The dual- and triple-echo fat fractions showed good agreement using a Bland-Altman plot (-0.6 ± 2.8%). Eight children (14.8%) on dual-echo sequences and six (11.1%) on triple-echo sequences had greater than 5% fat fraction. From these children, six out of eight children on dual-echo sequences and four out of six children on triple-echo sequences had a 5–6% hepatic fat fraction. When using a cut-off value of a 6% fat fraction derived from a reference interval, only 3.7% of children were diagnosed with fatty liver. There was no significant correlation between clinical and laboratory findings with dual and triple-echo fat fractions. Conclusions Dual fat fraction was not different from triple fat fraction. We suggest a cut-off value of a 6% fat fraction is more appropriate for diagnosing fatty liver on both dual- and triple-echo sequences in children.
Control of rotary exciter with series and separetly excitation windings excitation system of generator a2 at power plant “Kostolac A”

In this paper, the excitation control with rotary exciter of generator A2 in Thermal Power Plant “Kostolac A” is presented. Excitation system under consideration consists of a main exciter, an auxiliary exciter and power semiconductor rectifiers. The main exciter is a synchronous-reluctance generator with windingless toothed rotor. That excitation system is specific due to the fact that the main exciter has three excitation windings and three phase output a.c. windings, all located at stator. Series excitation is serially connected with rotor winding of the synchronous generator, while other two separate excitations are realized by independent windings, each of them generating the flux pointing in opposite direction. In the main three phase a.c. windings the 500 Hz frequency currents are induced. Auxiliary exciter is a 400 Hz permanent-magnet synchronous generator. It supplies separate excitation windings of the main exciter by means of thyristor rectifier bridges. The main aim of the control algorithm is to accomplish the magnetomotive force balance of all three excitation windings in order to regulate generator terminal voltage. In addition to the main outer voltage control loop, the inner local stabilizing current loop is added in order to achieve the satisfactory transient performance of the regulation. Control algorithm sets the values of the firing angle of the thyristors in two three-phase rectifier bridges, in order to produce corresponding excitation currents of separate excitation windings.
Genome-Wide Study of Response to Platinum, Taxane, and Combination Therapy in Ovarian Cancer: In vitro Phenotypes, Inherited Variation, and Disease Recurrence

Background: The standard treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with advanced disease is carboplatin-paclitaxel combination therapy following initial debulking surgery, yet there is wide inter-patient variation in clinical response. We sought to identify pharmacogenomic markers related to carboplatin-paclitaxel therapy. Methods: The lymphoblastoid cell lines, derived from 74 invasive EOC patients seen at the Mayo Clinic, were treated with increasing concentrations of carboplatin and/or paclitaxel and assessed for in vitro drug response using MTT viability and caspase3/7 apoptosis assays. Drug response phenotypes IC50 (effective dose at which 50% of cells are viable) and EC50 (dose resulting in 50% induction of caspase 3/7 activity) were estimated for each patient to paclitaxel and carboplatin (alone and in combination). For each of the six drug response phenotypes, a genome-wide association study was conducted. Results: Statistical analysis found paclitaxel in vitro drug response phenotypes to be moderately associated with time to EOC recurrence (p = 0.008 IC50; p = 0.058 EC50). Although no pharmacogenomic associations were significant at p < 5 × 10−8, seven genomic loci were associated with drug response at p < 10−6, including at 4q21.21 for carboplatin, 4p16.1 and 5q23.2 for paclitaxel, and 3q24, 10q, 1q44, and 13q21 for combination therapy. Nearby genes of interest include FRAS1, MGC32805, SNCAIP, SLC9A9, TIAL1, ZNF731P, and PCDH20. Conclusions: These results suggest the existence of genetic loci associated with response to platinum-taxane therapies. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism by which these loci may impact EOC clinical response to this commonly used regimen.
“Learning to listen”: boys’ gender narratives – implications for theory and practice

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically investigate year 6 and year 9 boys’ constructions of masculinity in the light of theories of inclusive masculinity and to consider the implications of the findings for critical masculinities scholarship in educational research. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative data was collected through fieldwork in school settings consisting of observations and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis draws upon pro-feminist and post-structuralist theories of the gendered subject. Findings – The data shows some evidence of inclusive forms of masculinity expressed by the boys’ rejection of a “boy code” (Pollack, 1999) and their narratives of caring and emotional experience. However, discourses of dominant masculinity persist and continue to shape the boys’ subjectivities. The most striking finding is the capacity of the educational gender work programme reported on in this study to provide boys with the resources to problematise the social construction of masc.
Identification and Localization of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Within the Porcine Oviduct1

Abstract The porcine oviduct synthesizes de novo and secretes a number of proteins into culture medium, many of which are unidentified. The objectives of the present study were to 1) semipurify and identify a Mr 45 000 secreted protein of the oviduct, 2) examine its synthesis within the three functional segments (infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus), and 3) evaluate its distribution throughout the oviduct. Oviductal tissue was collected during early pregnancy, divided into functional segments, and subsequently cultured. Medium was collected, and the Mr 45 000 protein was concentrated by gel-filtration chromatography. The semipurified protein was transferred onto a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and subjected to N-terminal amino acid analysis. The 26-amino acid sequence was 96% identical to that of pig plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1. Analysis by 1-dimensional SDS-PAGE and fluorography of rabbit anti-human PAI-1-immunoprecipitated product confirmed PAI-1. Subsequent 2-dimensional SDS-PAGE and fluorographic analyses of media revealed greater PAI-1 synthesis by the isthmus than by the ampulla or infundibulum. PAI-1 was immunolocalized throughout the oviduct and was heavily concentrated in the apical region of epithelial cells. Immunogold electron microscopy localized PAI-1 within putative secretory granules in the epithelial apical region and also associated with cilia in the isthmus. Isthmic PAI expression suggests a crucial role in protecting the preimplantation embryo from proteolytic degradation as well as in regulation of extracellular matrix turnover and remodeling.
THE EFFECT OF ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY AND METACOGNITION ON TEST ANXIETY AND ACADEMIC HELP-SEEKING BEHAVIOR IN 3RD GRADE HIGH SCHOOL BOYS

The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of academic self-efficacy and metacognition on test anxiety and help-seeking behavior in 3 rd grade high school boys in Ahvaz. The population included the male high school students in the 3 rd grade during 2013 academic year 2013-14, 330 students were selected by multistage random sampling method as the sample. Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (Midgley et al. 2000) State Metacognition Inventory (O,Neil & Abedi 1997), Ahvaz Test Anxiety questionnaire (1996) and Help-Seeking Behavior questionnaire (Ryan & Pintrich, 1997) were used to measure variables under study. Multiple regressions were used for data analysis. Results indicated that there is no significant relationship between self- efficacy and metacognition with test anxiety, while self-efficacy and metacognition had significant relationship with help-seeking behavior (P<0.001).
Hierarchical Evaluation of Segment Boundary Detection

Structure in music is traditionally analyzed hierarchically: large-scale sections can be sub-divided and reﬁned down to the short melodic ideas at the motivic level. However, typical algorithmic approaches to structural annotation produce ﬂat temporal partitions of a track, which are commonly evaluated against a similarly ﬂat, human-produced annotation. Evaluating structure analysis as represented by ﬂat annotations effectively discards all notions of structural depth in the evaluation. Although collections of hierarchical structure annotations have been recently published, no techniques yet exist to measure an algorithm’s accuracy against these rich structural annotations. In this work, we propose a method to evaluate structural boundary detection with hierarchical annotations. The proposed method transforms boundary detection into a ranking problem, and facilitates the comparison of both ﬂat and hierarchical annotations. We demonstrate the behavior of the proposed method with various synthetic and real examples drawn from the SALAMI dataset.
Troubling futures: can participatory design research provide a generative anthropology for the 21st century?

This essay argues there is value in considering participatory design as a form of generative anthropology at a time when we recognise that we need not only to understand cultures but to change them towards sustainable living. Holding up the democratically-oriented practices of some participatory design research to definitions of anthropology allows the essay to explore the role of intervention in social process. And, challenging definitional boundaries, the essay examines design as a participatory tool for cultural change, creating and interogating futures (and the idea of futures). In analysing how designing moves towards change in the world, the essay brings together design research and concepts from anthropology to help us better understand and operationalise our interventions and pursue them in a fair and sustainable manner.
The Development of A Fuzzy Multi-Objective Group Decision Support System

This paper deals with multi-objective decisionmaking problem with fuzzy parameters under a group environment, called fuzzy multi-objective group decisionmaking (FMOGDM). It first presents an FMOGDM method, which integrates fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (FMOLP) with fuzzy group decision making techniques. Based on the method, a fuzzy multiple objective group decision support system (FMOGDSS) is developed. Finally, it gives a case-based example to demonstrate how an FMOLP problem is solved in a group supported by the FMOGDSS.
Optimum Uplink Power Control under Power and Interference Constraints

This paper considers optimum allocation of transmission powers in next generation networks. The proposed framework is general enough to cover both emerging heterogeneous network (HetNet) architectures and cognitive radio (CR) networks. There are two types of users in our model. Type 1 users (T1U) represent either femtocell users in a HetNet, or secondary users in a CR network. Type 2 users (T2U) represent either macrocell users in a HetNet, or primary users in a CR network. T1Us share the same frequency band with T2Us, and they form an uplink to their intended base station (i.e., either the femtocell base station or the secondary base station) while causing interference to T2Us. The optimum power allocation strategy maximizing the aggregate communication rate of T1Us is found under individual transmission power constraints and a total interference power constraint at T2Us. It is shown that the optimum power allocation exhibits a binary structure, which means links are either quot;onquot; or quot;offquot;, up to at most one exceptional fractional power level. Further, it is shown that T1Us transmitting at positive power correspond to the ones having better quot;jointquot; power and interference channel gains. Applications of these results are illustrated for well-known fading models such as Rayleigh, Rician-K, and Nakagami-m fading.