Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential regulation of constitutive androstane receptor expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor4α isoforms

Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR; NR1I3) controls the metabolism and elimination of endogenous and exogenous toxic compounds by up‐regulating a battery of genes. In this work, we analyzed the expression of human CAR (hCAR) in normal liver during development and in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and investigated the effect of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α isoforms (HNF4α1 and HNF4α7) on the hCAR gene promoter. By performing functional analysis of hCAR 5′‐deletions including mutants, chromatin immunoprecipitation in human hepatocytes, electromobility shift and cotransfection assays, we identified a functional and species‐conserved HNF4α response element (DR1: ccAGGCCTtTGCCCTga) at nucleotide −144. Both HNF4α isoforms bind to this element with similar affinity. However, HNF4α1 strongly enhanced hCAR promoter activity whereas HNF4α7 was a poor activator and acted as a repressor of HNF4α1‐mediated transactivation of the hCAR promoter. PGC1α stimulated both HNF4α1‐mediated and HNF4α7‐mediated hCAR transactivation to the same extent, whereas SRC1 exhibited a marked specificity for HNF4α1. Transduction of human hepatocytes by HNF4α7‐expressing lentivirus confirmed this finding. In addition, we observed a positive correlation between CAR and HNF4α1 mRNA levels in human liver samples during development, and an inverse correlation between CAR and HNF4α7 mRNA levels in HCC. These observations suggest that HNF4α1 positively regulates hCAR expression in normal developing and adult livers, whereas HNF4α7 represses hCAR gene expression in HCC. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;45:1146–1153.)
The Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Long-term Disability Costs

OBJECTIVES: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a cause of disability with subsequent costs remains poorly recognized. The small, growing body of literature on COPD shows that it is one of the leading causes of missed work—greater than asthma or diabetes. However, much less is known about the impact of COPD on long-term disability (LTD). Because the health care burden for disabled, working-age patients will fall heavily on managed care organizations,better estimates of the economic and pharmacoeconomic costs of COPD are required. We seek to improve understanding of the burden of COPD on several national LTD programs. METHODS: We reviewed occupational health and disability literature and government statistics to determine how long-term, respiratory-related disabilities addressed by disability pension programs in 8 developed countries (Canada,France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States). We then applied respiratory-specific disability definitions to country-specific population and pension information to estimate the potential burden of COPD onLTD insurance programs in each country. RESULTS: Comprehensive, relevant data to evaluate respiratory-related disability are lacking. Of the study countries, only the United States has explicit respiratory specific criteria for disability eligibility, which are based solely on spirometry.We estimate that the total burden of COPD in the study countries may range from $5 billion to as high as $25 billion per year if all persons who met U.S. eligibility criteria for respiratory-related disability were granted compensation. CONCLUSIONS: The potential burden of COPD on LTD programs may be large.The lack of standard criteria for respiratory-related disability may lead to under recognition of COPD's true potential impact. Further work is needed to develop consistent and cost-effective ways to measure the impact of COPD and to assist in disability determination for COPD patients.
An Automated Indoor Scalar Calibration Method for Three-Axis Vector Magnetometers

In this paper, we propose a new indoor magnetometer calibration system using the 3-D Helmholtz coil. In this method, in order to the use two-step calibration algorithm instead of rotating the sensor in a constant magnetic field vector, the vector rotates around the magnetometer. In other words, a three-axis magnetometer can be calibrated by a zero degrees of freedom system while a shielded Helmholtz coil provides and rotates a constant magnetic field vector. The results of this calibration method will be compared with the classical calibration method in the earth's magnetic field as well. We also present evidence that the magnetometer does not need to align with the Helmholtz coil axis; instead, it can be calibrated with any arbitrary direction of the Helmholtz coil. It is shown that this method can be performed easily and fast in order to calibrate the three-axis magnetometer in an indoor environment. Meanwhile, it can provide almost the same calibration parameters and thermal model for the magnetometer, compared with the classical one.
Comparing Approaches for Actuator Redundancy Resolution in Biarticularly-Actuated Robot Arms

Biarticular actuators-actuators spanning two joints-play a fundamental role in robot arm designs based on the human musculoskeletal actuation structure. Unlike kinematic redundancy, actuator redundancy resulting from biarticular actuation brings advantages such as increased stability, reduced link inertia, and decreased nonlinearity of the end-effector force with respect to the force direction. The way the actuator redundancy is resolved is a fundamental problem, as it strongly characterizes robot arms performance. In this study, the six most significant actuation redundancy resolution approaches in the literature-1-norm, 2-norm, infinity-norm, phase different control (PDC), nonlinear hase different control (NLPDC), and linear programming (LP)-are analyzed with respect to their design, and experimentally compared with each other using BiWi, a biarticularly actuated and wire-driven robot arm. In addition, an integrated control framework to resolve actuator redundancy maximizing end-effector force and simultaneously minimizing the necessary input torques is proposed.
Second Language Comprehensibility Revisited: Investigating the Effects of Learner Background

The current study investigated first language (L1) effects on listener judgment of comprehensibility and accentedness in second language (L2) speech. The participants were 60 university-level adult speakers of English from four L1 backgrounds (Chinese, Romance, Hindi, Farsi), with 15 speakers per group, performing a picture narrative task. Ten native English listeners used continuous sliding scales to evaluate the speakers’ audio recordings for comprehensibility, accentedness, as well as 10 linguistic variables drawn from the domains of pronunciation, fluency, lexis, grammar, and discourse. While comprehensibility was associated with several linguistic variables (segmentals, prosody, fluency, lexis, grammar), accentedness was primarily linked to pronunciation (segmentals, word stress, intonation). The relative strength of these associations also varied as a function of the speakers’ L1, especially for comprehensibility, with Chinese speakers influenced chiefly by pronunciation variables (specifically segmental errors), Hindi speakers by lexicogrammar variables, Romance speakers by variables spanning both pronunciation and lexicogrammar domains, and Farsi speakers showing no strong association with any linguistic variable. These results overall suggest that speakers’ L1 plays an important role in listener judgments of L2 comprehensibility and that instructors aiming to promote L2 speakers’ communicative success may need to expand their teaching targets beyond segmentals to include prosody-, fluency-, and lexicogrammar-based targets.
Morbidity of British coal miners in 1961-62

Liddell, F. D. K. (1973). Brit. J. industr. Med.,30, 1-14. Morbidity of British coal miners in 1961-62. The British coal mining population in 1961 is described, in terms of the 29 084men covered in a 5% sample census, by age, type of employment, coalfield, size of community, degree of mechanization, and other factors. Over a quarter of the men were in jobs not considered specific to coalmining, although nearly half of such men were working underground. The Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance provided records of over 34 000 spells of incapacity due to sickness for these men. Miners were found to suffer much more incapacity for work than men in other employment, even in those non-mining tasks considered to be very arduous. Among miners at the face, elsewhere underground, and on the surface, the lowest paid had the highest rate of incapacity. Incapacity from most causes was also found to vary between coalfields and with size of residential community, and to depend on the men's financial responsibilities, category of pneumoconiosis, and depth of working, but not on the degree of mechanization. A relationship was observed between seam height and the incidence of new spells of beat knee.
Alignment condition-based adaptive iterative learning control for robot manipulators

In this work, a novel adaptive iterative learning control scheme is designed for robot manipulators with uncertain parameter and external perturbation under alignment condition. The analysis of convergence of proposed control law is based on composite energy function in the iteration domain containing position tracking error, velocity tracking error and parameter estimation error along both the time and iteration axis. Rigorous analysis indicate that both position tracking error and velocity tracking error converge to zero under alignment condition by compensation for the uncertain disturbances. Simulation results also confirm and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
OPTIMAL GENERATOR SCHEDULING BASED ON MODIFIED IMPROVED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION

Generator scheduling is one important thing in power system operation. A bad scheduling can effect to high cost in operation especially on generation side. The optimal generator scheduling will be obtained by optimizing the combination of the generators used Modified Improved particle swarm optimization (MIPSO) with Constriction Factor Approach (CFA). This method optimize the schedule of generating units to meet the required demand at minimum production cost, satisfying units and system’s operating constraints. The simulation results with the method proposed gives best result and performance compared with lambda iteration method.
A high efficiency carrier estimator for OFDM communications

In OFDM communications, the loss of orthogonality due to carrier offset must be compensated before DFT-based demodulation can be performed. We present two blind carrier offset estimation algorithms by exploiting the intrinsic structure information of OFDM signals. Both algorithms offer the accuracy of super resolution subspace methods, viz., MUSIC and ESPRIT, without involving computationally intensive subspace decompositions. Adaptation rules for implementation of one of the proposed algorithm are provided. Also derived is the Cramer-Rao bound of the carrier offset estimates with which the performance of the new algorithms is evaluated.
The ToxBank Data Warehouse: Supporting the Replacement of In Vivo Repeated Dose Systemic Toxicity Testing

The aim of the SEURAT‐1 (Safety Evaluation Ultimately Replacing Animal Testing‐1) research cluster, comprised of seven EU FP7 Health projects co‐financed by Cosmetics Europe, is to generate a proof‐of‐concept to show how the latest technologies, systems toxicology and toxicogenomics can be combined to deliver a test replacement for repeated dose systemic toxicity testing on animals. The SEURAT‐1 strategy is to adopt a mode‐of‐action framework to describe repeated dose toxicity, combining in vitro and in silico methods to derive predictions of in vivo toxicity responses. ToxBank is the cross‐cluster infrastructure project whose activities include the development of a data warehouse to provide a web‐accessible shared repository of research data and protocols, a physical compounds repository, reference or “gold compounds” for use across the cluster (available via wiki.toxbank.net), and a reference resource for biomaterials. Core technologies used in the data warehouse include the ISA‐Tab universal data exchange format, REpresentational State Transfer (REST) web services, the W3C Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the OpenTox standards. We describe the design of the data warehouse based on cluster requirements, the implementation based on open standards, and finally the underlying concepts and initial results of a data analysis utilizing public data related to the gold compounds.
Dichotic word recognition in noise and the right-ear advantage.

PURPOSE This study sought to compare dichotic right-ear advantages (REAs) of young adults to older adult data (C. M. Roup, T. L. Wiley, & R. H. Wilson, 2006) after matching for overall levels of recognition performance. Specifically, speech-spectrum noise was introduced in order to reduce dichotic recognition performance of young adults to a level consistent with that of older adults with hearing loss. METHOD Dichotic word-recognition performance was evaluated in the free-recall response paradigm across 2 conditions: (a) quiet and (b) noise (+11 dB signal-to-noise ratio). Participants included a group of right-handed young adults (n = 32) with normal hearing. RESULTS The introduction of noise resulted in significantly poorer dichotic word-recognition performance than in the quiet condition for the young adults. REAs, however, did not differ between the 2 conditions. Relative to the Roup et al. (2006) older adult data, performance of the young adults in the noise condition resulted in (a) similar levels of overall recognition performance and (b) significantly smaller REAs. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the magnitude of the REA is not dependent upon the difficulty of the dichotic task. Rather, the large REAs exhibited by older adults are more likely related to age-related deficits in auditory processing.
Simulation and Design of an Integrated Planar Inductor Using Fabrication Technology

This paper presents the conceptions and characterization of integrated planar inductor containing magnetic layers. A novel approach has been used to perform planar magnetic devices by using physical model for integrated planar inductor for 35 μm fabrication technology. According to CMP, C35B3C0 fabrication technology provides three metallic layers; therefore, there is no need to use poly-silicon or diffused underpasses. The metallic -1 layer is used for underpasses. Operation voltage of IC's (Integrated Circuits) fabricated with this technology is 2.5 to 3.6 V. The physical model of the integrated planar inductor is designed using “The Electric VLSI Design”. The purpose of this paper is to present and compare the results of total inductivity of inductors with different number of turns. Grover's expressions are used for calculations. Simulated results for parasitic and resistance capacities for our model are presented in this paper, too.
Apoptosis of gut-associated lymphoid tissue in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss after incubation with Candida albicans and bacterial lipopolysaccharide

Until now a few studies have been carried out on the gut lymphoid system in fish despite its protective role in the host. Here, we have evaluated the effects of Candida albicans (Ca) and lipopolysaccaride (LPS) on the pyloric and terminal segments of gut in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. In particular, data show that both Ca and LPS are able to cause apoptosis of intestinal lymphoid cells as detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) procedure. These findings suggest a further modality of gut response in fish to environmental antigens.
Topology Splitting and Matching for Multi-Cloud Deployments

For automating the deployment of applications in cloud environments, a variety of deployment automation technologies have been developed in recent years. These technologies enable specifying the desired deployment in the form of deployment models, which can be automatically executed. However, changing internal or external conditions often lead to strategical decisions that must be reflected in all deployment models of a company’s IT. Unfortunately, while creating such deployment models is difficult, adapting them is even harder as typically a variety of technologies must be replaced. In this paper, we present the Split and Match Method that enables splitting a deployment model following a manually specified distribution on the business layer. The method also enables automatically deploying the resulting model without the need for a manual intervention and, thus, significantly eases reflecting strategical decisions on the technical deployment layer. We present a formalization and algorithms to automate the steps of the method. Moreover, we validate the practical feasibility of the presented concepts by a prototype based on the TOSCA standard and the OpenTOSCA ecosystem.
Controlled Field Release of a Waterborne Chemical Signal Stimulates Planktonic Larvae to Settle

Settlement rates and distributions of planktonic larvae are critical determinants of population dynamics in marine and freshwater benthic communities. On the basis of the principles of solute diffusion from a porous material, chemical-releasing collectors (CRCs) were engineered and tested in an estuary. Significantly more barnacle larvae (Balanus amphitrite) were found to colonize collectors emitting trace amounts of the synthetic peptide analog, glycylglycyl-L-arginine (5 3 10 28 M), than those emitting either seawater or an organic enrichment (glycyl-glycyl- L-histidine) control. The inductive compound is similar in structure to peptide signal molecules that have been shown to elicit settlement under laboratory conditions and are naturally released by adult barnacles and oysters. The potent effects of subtle changes in seawater chemistry may thus warrant careful attention as putative agents mediating habitat colonization. For a half-century or more, the pervasive perception that
Measures for topical cohesion of user communities on Twitter

Nowadays, Online Social Networks (OSN) are commonly used by groups of users to communicate. Members of a family, colleagues, fans of a brand, political groups: the demand for a precise identification of these groups is increasing from brand monitoring, business intelligence and e-reputation management. However, a gap can be observed between the communities detected by many data analytics algorithms on OSN, and effective groups existing in real life: the detected communities often lack of meaning and internal semantic cohesion. Most of existing literature on OSN either focuses on the community detection problem in graphs without considering the topic of the messages exchanged, or concentrates exclusively on the messages without taking into account the social links. In this article, we support the hypothesis that communities extracted on OSN should be topically coherent. We therefore propose a model to represent the interaction between users on Twitter, the reference on micro-blogging OSN, and metrics to evaluate the topical cohesion of the detected communities. As an evaluation, we measure the topical cohesion of the groups of users detected by a baseline community detection algorithm, using two measures inspired from the classification domain, and one measure inspired from the NLP domain. A detailed analysis is performed on a big tweet dataset, from which a user graph is built. Introduced measures are compared with statistics to better picture the experiment, and yield interesting insights on a social and textual corpus.
High Resolution Manometry Analysis of a Patient With Dysphagia After Occiput-C3/4 Posterior Fusion Operation

Many reports of changes in cervical alignment after posterior occipitocervical (O-C) fusion causing dysphagia are available. The clinical course can range from mild discomfort to severe aspiration. However, the underlying pathogenesis is not well known. We report an 80-year-old female with videofluoroscopic swallowing study evidence of aspiration that developed after occiput-C3/4 posterior fusion. Pharyngeal pressure was analyzed using high resolution manometry (HRM). Impaired upper esophageal sphincter opening along with diminished peristalsis and pharyngeal pressure gradient were revealed by HRM to be the main characteristics in such patients. The patient fully recovered after a revision operation for cervical angle correction. Distinct pressure patterns behind reversible dysphagia caused by a change in cervical alignment were confirmed using HRM analysis.
Recommending Items via Interest-Similar Cluster Identification in Online Social Networks

Social network has played a more and more important role in recommender system as users are strongly influenced by their friends. But the friend lists of a user are always hidden for privacy concern. Even her friend lists are accessible, there still exist many potential friends who have similar interest with her but she doesn't know. How to predict the friendship she knows and does not know when the friend lists are hidden? How to identify her interest? To address the above questions, we first propose a Friendship prediction approach mainly based on the analysis of her group information. Secondly, we propose a graph model which simultaneously models user's friendship and interest. Then we propose an unbiased random walk strategy for item recommendation via the graph model. Finally, we evaluate our approach on large scale real world data from Cite Like and last.fm data set, the results show that the performance of our algorithms is very good in implementation.
Local-to-Global Bayesian Network Structure Learning

We introduce a new local-to-global structure learning algorithm, called graph growing structure learning (GGSL), to learn Bayesian network (BN) structures. GGSL starts at a (random) node and then gradually expands the learned structure through a series of local learning steps. At each local learning step, the proposed algorithm only needs to revisit a subset of the learned nodes, consisting of the local neighborhood of a target, and therefore improves on both memory and time efficiency compared to traditional global structure learning approaches. GGSL also improves on the existing local-to-global learning approaches by removing the need for conflictresolving AND-rules, and achieves better learning accuracy. We provide theoretical analysis for the local learning step, and show that GGSL outperforms existing algorithms on benchmark datasets. Overall, GGSL demonstrates a novel direction to scale up BN structure learning while limiting accuracy loss.
Automatically accelerating non-numerical programs by architecture-compiler co-design

Because of the high cost of communication between processors, compilers that parallelize loops automatically have been forced to skip a large class of loops that are both critical to performance and rich in latent parallelism. HELIX-RC is a compiler/microprocessor co-design that opens those loops to parallelization by decoupling communication from thread execution in conventional multicore architecures. Simulations of HELIX-RC, applied to a processor with 16 Intel Atom-like cores, show an average of 6.85× performance speedup for six SPEC CINT2000 benchmarks.
Response to Wilson’s note on ‘Influences of resource limitations and transmission costs on epidemic simulations and critical thresholds in scale-free networks’

James R. Wilson points out what he describes as flaws in our proof in ‘Influences of Resource Limitations and Transmission Costs on Epidemic Simulations and Critical Thresholds in Scale-free Networks’ (Simulation 85(3): 205—219) and offers an alternative steady-state behavior derivation based on our epidemic simulation model. In this response we will explain our definitions for the terms used in our paper and the derivation process for our analysis, then compare and contrast our mathematical model with that proposed by Wilson. We suggest that more compartmental models can be used to support our argument that increasing transmission costs or decreasing individual resources increases the critical threshold of a contagion event in a scale-free network.