Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Argument and Rhetoric. Adverbial Connectors in the History of English (Topics in Linguistics 64)

connotations. It seems an unlikely contention on the face of it; but Prickett’s labours shore it up, while reminding the reader that our own time is not the first to have attached unfavourable dimensions to the idea of the traditional. When the concept returns, it has become a vehicle that accommodates tension and change, emotion and imagination; thanks to the transformations wrought by European revolutions and romanticisms, it has become serviceable in explorations of how post-1800 people have attempted to draw on the wisdom of predecessors in grappling with the problems posed by their own time. This is a wide-ranging work in several ways: starting out from Cassiodorus and the early Christian church, taking in centuries of Biblical scholarship, it studies the cultural upheavals of eighteenthand nineteenth-century Europe with special attention to philosophy and religion (Chateaubriand and Herder coming in for especially searching analysis) and then moves on to nineteenth-century England, where Coleridge, Keble, Newman and Arnold provide material for incisive discussions of culture in the widest possible sense. The final chapter makes a case for regarding T. S. Eliot’s views on tradition as indebted not only to literary/aesthetic but theological patterns of thought. With such an enormous scope and such a bold hypothesis, this is not a work that will command universal assent; I, for one, am not entirely persuaded by Prickett’s theological perspective on Eliot, and I missed engagement with the first passage in German literature that anyone schooled in German culture will think of when it comes to assimilating one’s cultural inheritance, Goethe’s (from Faust) ‘‘Was du ererbt von deinen Vätern hast, erwirb es, um es zu besitzen’’. But very occasional reservations are swept away by the sheer exhilaration afforded by this crackling narrative of how we came to think that we know where we came from.
Polyphenolic Composition in Different Organs of Tunisia Populations of Cynara Cardunculus.L and Their Antioxidant Activity

Polyphenols are biologically active molecules that contribute to development and cell growth. This study compared phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of stems and seeds in six Tunisian wild cardoon populations and one population of cultivated cardoon and artichoke located in the north of Tunisia. The analyzed organs exhibited different total polyphenol contents (1.49-23.25 mg gallic acid equivalents, GAE g-1 DW). The seeds phenolic and tannins contents were higher than those in stems. The globe artichoke stem phenolic and flavonoid contents were higher than those in wild and cultivated cardoons. Seed extracts displayed the highest DPPH scavenging ability with the lowest IC50 value (3 μg ml-1), followed by globe artichoke stems (12 μg ml-1). In contrast, stems showed the highest capacity to quench superoxide (IC50: 2.1 μg ml-1) as compared to seeds (5.6 μg ml-1). These results confirm the beneficial effect of Cynara cardunculus.L organs on human health due to their high antioxidant activity.
RFLP analyses and segregation of molecular markers in plants produced by in vitro anther culture, selfing, and reciprocal crosses of two lines of self-incompatible Solanum chacoense.

RFLP analyses were used to characterize several plant populations of Solanum chacoense Bitt. developed to investigate the generation of new S alleles at the self-incompatibility locus. The plant material consisted of two diploid parental lines, their anther culture derived (AC) progenies, their selfed progenies, and their reciprocal F1 hybrids. The RFLP analyses on the AC plants (121 individuals in total) permitted unambiguous identification of their origin. In particular, a distinction between plants originated from reduced (n) or unreduced (2n) microspores could be made. All the AC plants produced by gametic embryogenesis showed distinct RFLP patterns, whereas a number of clones (i.e., plants with identical RFLP patterns) were found among those regenerated via callus. The analyses conducted on the selfed progenies (69 plants) and the F1 hybrids (66 plants) showed only one case of accidental outcross. Segregation studies of the RFLP markers revealed significant deviations from expected Mendelian ratios in both AC-derived populations, as well as in the selfed progenies. Such deviations, however, were rare in the reciprocal F1 hybrids. These results are discussed in relation to the possible presence of genetic sieves operating during AC, illegitimate selfing, or during normal fertilization.
An application of combined detector algorithm to extract the interest points of foreground objects in videostreams

The interest points detection of foreground (moving) objects in videostreams is one of the key step in such applications as: path tracking, computer vision etc. The points of interest should have several features as: few interest points in each moving object, they should be well localized. This conditions are fulfilled by corners of moving objects. The requirements which desirable for a corner detectors are: high repeatability rate (good stability), robustness to noise, efficiency of using computing resources. In this article we described our approach to corner detection of foreground moving objects in videostreams which is based on Harris combined corner and edge detector.
Cortical localization of phase and amplitude dynamics predicting access to somatosensory awareness

Neural dynamics leading to conscious sensory perception have remained enigmatic in despite of large interest. Human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have revealed that a co‐activation of sensory and frontoparietal areas is crucial for conscious sensory perception in the several second time‐scale of BOLD signal fluctuations. Electrophysiological recordings with magneto‐ and electroencephalography (MEG and EEG) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) have shown that event related responses (ERs), phase‐locking of neuronal activity, and oscillation amplitude modulations in sub‐second timescales are greater for consciously perceived than for unperceived stimuli. The cortical sources of ER and oscillation dynamics predicting the conscious perception have, however, remained unclear because these prior studies have utilized MEG/EEG sensor‐level analyses or iEEG with limited neuroanatomical coverage. We used a somatosensory detection task, magnetoencephalography (MEG), and cortically constrained source reconstruction to identify the cortical areas where ERs, local poststimulus amplitudes and phase‐locking of neuronal activity are predictive of the conscious access of somatosensory information. We show here that strengthened ERs, phase‐locking to stimulus onset (SL), and induced oscillations amplitude modulations all predicted conscious somatosensory perception, but the most robust and widespread of these was SL that was sustained in low‐alpha (6–10 Hz) band. The strength of SL and to a lesser extent that of ER predicted conscious perception in the somatosensory, lateral and medial frontal, posterior parietal, and in the cingulate cortex. These data suggest that a rapid phase‐reorganization and concurrent oscillation amplitude modulations in these areas play an instrumental role in the emergence of a conscious percept. Hum Brain Mapp 37:311–326, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A genetic algorithm used to fit Debye functions to the dielectric properties of tissues

This paper describes the use of a genetic algorithm to fit multi-Debye functions to the dielectric properties of body tissue. The most accurate models of body tissue at present are multi Cole-Cole functions. The Cole-Cole functions include an additional parameter which improves the agreement of the model with real measured tissue data, but this additional parameter makes the input of these functions within computer simulations difficult. The Debye functions can be input into computer simulations easily. In this work an equally good model as the Cole-Cole model is achieved simply by using additional Debye functions within the multi-Debye model of the tissue data. This enables body tissue data to be easily implemented within time domain models.
Ultrabroadband Compact Graphene–Silicon TM-Pass Polarizer

Graphene is treated as an anisotropic material because it is one atom thick and its π electrons cause electric conduction in its plane. Based on the polarization-dependent absorption, we design compact broadband transverse-magnetic (TM)-pass polarizer by exploiting a graphene–silicon horizontal slot waveguide structure on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platforms. The interaction between light and graphene is greatly enhanced by placing the double-layer graphene sheets adjacent to the slot waveguide. The selection of the geometric parameters (e.g., waveguide width, silicon, and Si3N4 thicknesses) is discussed. We study the mode properties, extinction ratio (ER), bandwidth, and insertion loss. The graphene–silicon slot waveguide based polarizer offers the performance of high extinction ratio, low insertion loss, broad bandwidth, small footprints, and compatibility with an SOI platform. By employing a 150 μm long graphene–silicon horizontal slot waveguide, the ER is higher than 40 dB, and the insertion loss is less than 3 dB over the 1450–1650 nm wavelength range. We also analyze the impacts of practical fabrication imperfections on the operation performance, i.e., fabrication error tolerance, and give the possible fabrication process of graphene–silicon horizontal slot waveguide based polarizer.
Robust color segmentation using the dichromatic reflection model

This paper proposes a robust color segmentation method for real-world scenes. The robustness comes from a physics-based color analysis and the use of robust statistics. We analyze data distributions in the RGB color space to identify (non-Gaussian) object color clusters which conform to the dichromatic reflection model. Such a physics-based approach enables the detection of diffusion and specular interface reflections as well as body reflection, whose mixtures often confuse traditional statistics-based color segmentation algorithms. Experimental results show that accurate image segmentation can be realized and object colors can be correctly estimated without bias.
β-Arrestin-2 Interaction and Internalization of the Human P2Y1 Receptor Are Dependent on C-Terminal Phosphorylation Sites

The nucleotide receptor P2Y1 regulates a variety of physiological processes and is involved in platelet aggregation. Using human P2Y1-receptors C-terminally fused with a fluorescent protein, we studied the role of potential receptor phosphorylation sites in receptor internalization and β-arrestin-2 translocation by means of confocal microscopy. Three receptor constructs were generated that lacked potential phosphorylation sites in the third intracellular loop, the proximal C terminus, or the distal C terminus. The corresponding receptor constructs were expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells and stimulated with 100 μM ADP. Rapid receptor internalization was observed for the wild-type receptor and from those constructs mutated in the third intracellular loop and the proximal C terminus. However, the construct lacking phosphorylation sites at the distal C terminus did not show receptor internalization upon stimulation. The microscopic data were validated by HA-tagged receptor constructs using a cell surface enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P2Y1-receptor stimulated β-arrestin-2-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) translocation followed the same pattern as receptor internalization. Hence, no β-arrestin-2-YFP translocation was observed when the distal C-terminal phosphorylation sites were mutated. Individual mutations indicate that residues Ser352 and Thr358 are essential for receptor internalization and β-arrestin-2-YFP translocation. In contrast, protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated receptor desensitization was not affected by mutation of potential phosphorylation sites in the distal C terminus but was prevented by mutation of potential phosphorylation sites in the proximal C terminus. P2Y1-receptor internalization in HEK-293 cells was not blocked by inhibitors of PKC and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. Thus, we conclude that P2Y1-receptor desensitization and internalization are mediated by different phosphorylation sites and kinases.
Nutritional prevention of cancer: new directions for an increasingly complex challenge.

JNCI | Editorials 363 The prospects for cancer prevention through micronutrient supplementation have never looked worse. Several large, randomized cancer prevention trials have recently reported no reduced risk from micronutrient supplementation ( 1 – 4 ), and the short report by Figueiredo et al. in this issue of the Journal adds to a growing body of evidence that micronutrient supplementation may be harmful. Figueiredo et al. have conducted a secondary analysis from a trial that reported previously that folate (1 mg/d) increased the risk of recurrence of an advanced colorectal adenoma by 67% ( 5 ). They have found that folate increased the risk of prostate cancer by 163%. Among studies addressing micronutrient supplementation for the prevention of cancer, only a single randomized trial, testing 1200 mg of calcium for preventing the recurrence of colorectal polyps, has reported a statistically significant and positive result for its primary cancer outcome ( 6 ), whereas large trials testing supplementation with multivitamins, Nutritional Prevention of Cancer: New Directions for an Increasingly Complex Challenge
Current cannabis-related situation in the Asia-Pacific region.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW We present information on cannabis policy, demand, and supply in the Asia-Pacific region. METHOD A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles using PubMed, MEDLINE, and reliable sources was conducted. We classified the policy implemented in each country into conducting research, legalization of medical and recreational use, decriminalization, cultivation, and others. RECENT FINDINGS In Australia, New Zealand, and Thailand, medical use has been approved, whereas it is limited in South Korea and Singapore and illegal in other countries. Except Australia, none of the Asia-Pacific region countries allows recreational use. China and Japan are expected to approve medical use, whereas Australia and New Zealand work on decriminalization. Most cultivation is allowed and regulated for medical use. Cannabis seizures have changed in accordance with these policies. Although the national surveys of four countries, that is, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Thailand were conducted in different years, the use of cannabis among the general population has increased. SUMMARY Any change in the legal status of cannabis must be undertaken with caution and fully evaluated at each stage to determine the extent to which these changes are leading to increased numbers of users, oversupply, and health risks including cannabis-related harm.
2003 W.O. Atwater Memorial Lecture: Defining nutrient requirements from a perspective of bone-related nutrients.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service has a valued tradition of sponsoring an annual lecture in honor of W. O. Atwater. I will always treasure the wonderful experience of sharing my thoughts on nutrient requirements and the lively reception that followed with so many supportive colleagues, students and friends at the annual meeting of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences at Experimental Biology. Atwater studied food composition, nutrient availability from the diet, nutrient intake of American families and nutrient requirements. It is not surprising then that related topics are often the focus of Atwater lectures. Elsie Widdowson claimed in her Atwater lecture that “Atwater contributed more to our knowledge about the energy value of human foods than anyone who has ever lived, either before or since his time” (1). The most recently published Atwater lecture by Vernon Young advanced Atwater’s legacy by reflecting on the role that the sequencing of the human genome would have on determining human nutrient requirements (2). My participation on the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Panel for calcium and bone-related nutrients (3) acquainted me with the process of weighing the science to set nutrient requirements and Upper Levels (UL). The tremendous amount of information that had accumulated on calcium requirements was gathered in an NIH Consensus Conference on Defining Optimal Calcium Intakes (4), which became one of the motivating factors for embarking on the new iteration of nutrient requirements, the DRI, which were released in 1997 for calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, magnesium and fluoride. The Atwater Lecture gave me the opportunity to tell the story of my own research contributions to the increased body of literature available for establishing calcium requirements in adolescents and screening most of the calcium sources in the human diet for bioavailability with my long time co-investigators, Robert Heaney, Munro Peacock, George McCabe, Meryl Wastney and my capable research group. The volume of science generated on vitamin D since 1997 is calling into question both the Adequate Intakes (AI) and UL our panel set for vitamin D. The Atwater Lecture was a chance to review the science, discuss the remaining gaps, and speculate that this nutrient will be a driving force for the next iteration of setting nutrient requirements. Finally, the Atwater Lecture was an opportunity to express the importance of considering the interaction of nutrients on defining nutrient requirements. The interdependency of calcium and vitamin D requirements provides a classic example.
Unconventional interactions between water and heterocyclic nitrogens in protein structures

We report an unusual interaction in which a water molecule approaches the heterocyclic nitrogen of tryptophan and histidine along an axis that is roughly perpendicular to the aromatic plane of the side chain. The interaction is distinct from the well‐known conventional aromatic hydrogen‐bond, and it occurs at roughly the same frequency in protein structures. Calculations indicate that the water–indole interaction is favorable energetically, and we find several cases in which such contacts are conserved among structural orthologs. The indole–water interaction links side chains and peptide backbone in turn regions, connects the side chains in β‐sheets, and bridges secondary elements from different domains. We suggest that the water–indole interaction can be indirectly responsible for the quenching of tryptophan fluorescence that is observed in the folding of homeodomains and, possibly, many other proteins. We also observe a similar interaction between water and the imidazole nitrogens of the histidine side chain. Taken together, these observations suggest that the unconventional water–indole and water–imidazole interactions provide a small but favorable contribution to protein structures. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Distributed cooperative object parameter estimation and manipulation without explicit communication

The paper presents a two stages distributed algorithm for cooperative manipulating an unknown object rigidly grasped by mobile manipulators, in the absence of both a central unit and any explicit information exchange among robots. In the first stage, robots cooperatively estimate the object kinematic and dynamic parameters by properly moving the object or applying specific contact wrenches. In the second stage, the estimated parameters are used in a distributed cooperative algorithm aimed at controlling the object pose while limiting both the squeezing wrenches exerted by the manipulators and the wrench exerted by the environment on the object. Numerical simulations demonstrate the feasibility of the approach.
Temporal classification for fault-prediction in a real-world telecommunications network

This paper presents a new temporal classification approach for fjldt-prediction in a Telecommutnications Network. The countrvwide data network of Pakistan Telecom (PTCL) has been selected as a basis for the investigation of classification algor-ithms to predict flults beJbre they stop a large numnber of users' circuits from normal operation. The main problenms addressed are the evalluation of alarms and clevelopment of newi, machine learning tools to help overcome the interoperabilitv issues. The motivation behind this work is to assist humian operators and nminimize the cost of the alarm evalulation
A Taxonomy and Survey of Dynamic Graph Visualization

Dynamic graph visualization focuses on the challenge of representing the evolution of relationships between entities in readable, scalable and effective diagrams. This work surveys the growing number of approaches in this discipline. We derive a hierarchical taxonomy of techniques by systematically categorizing and tagging publications. While static graph visualizations are often divided into node‐link and matrix representations, we identify the representation of time as the major distinguishing feature for dynamic graph visualizations: either graphs are represented as animated diagrams or as static charts based on a timeline. Evaluations of animated approaches focus on dynamic stability for preserving the viewer's mental map or, in general, compare animated diagrams to timeline‐based ones. A bibliographic analysis provides insights into the organization and development of the field and its community. Finally, we identify and discuss challenges for future research. We also provide feedback from experts, collected with a questionnaire, which gives a broad perspective of these challenges and the current state of the field.
Moment images, polynomial fit filters. and the problem of surface interpolation

A uniform hierarchical procedure for processing incomplete image data is describes. It begins with the computation of local moments within windows centered on each output sample point. Arrays of such measures, called moment images, are computed efficiently through the application of a series of small kernel filters. A polynomial surface is then fit to the available image data within a local neighborhood of each sample point. Best-fit polynomials are obtained from the corresponding local moments. The procedure, hierarchical polynomial fit filtering, yields a multiresolution set of low-pass filtered images. The set of low-pass images is combined by multiresolution interpolation to form a smooth surface passing through the original image data. <<ETX>>
An optimized lead system for long-term esophageal electrocardiography

Long-term electrocardiography (ECG) featuring adequate atrial and ventricular signal quality is highly desirable. Routinely used surface leads are limited in atrial signal sensitivity and recording capability impeding complete ECG delineation, i.e. in the presence of supraventricular arrhythmias. Long-term esophageal ECG might overcome these limitations but requires a dedicated lead system and recorder design. To this end, we analysed multiple-lead esophageal ECGs with respect to signal quality by describing the ECG waves as a function of the insertion level, interelectrode distance, electrode shape and amplifier's input range. The results derived from clinical data show that two bipolar esophageal leads, an atrial lead with short (15 mm) interelectrode distance and a ventricular lead with long (80 mm) interelectrode distance provide non-inferior ventricular signal strength and superior atrial signal strength compared to standard surface lead II. High atrial signal slope in particular is observed with the atrial esophageal lead. The proposed esophageal lead system in combination with an increased recorder input range of ±20 mV minimizes signal loss due to excessive electrode motion typically observed in esophageal ECGs. The design proposal might help to standardize long-term esophageal ECG registrations and facilitate novel ECG classification systems based on the independent detection of ventricular and atrial electrical activity.