Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Left-hand somatosensory stimulation combined with visual scanning training in rehabilitation for post-stroke hemineglect: A randomised, double-blind study

The aim of this randomised, double-blind study was to investigate the therapeutic effectiveness of left-hand electrical stimulation for patients with post-stroke left visuo-spatial neglect. This approach was hypothesised to enhance activation of the right hemisphere attention system and to improve visual exploration of extrapersonal space. Participants (n = 40) in the study were in a relatively early stage of recovery from their first right hemisphere stroke, and were randomly assigned to the experimental (E) or control (C) group. Group E received conventional visual scanning training combined with electrostimulation of the left hand, while Group C received scanning training with sham stimulation. Their visuo-spatial neglect was assessed twice, prior to the rehabilitation programme and on its completion, using cancellation tests and a letter-reading task. The effect of electrostimulation on hemineglect was assessed following a single administration and after a month-long rehabilitation programme. Although the immediate effect of stimulation was poor, after a month-long rehabilitation period we found significantly greater improvement in Group E patients than in Group C patients. Interestingly, the presence of hemisensory loss did not weaken the observed effect. Therefore, we claim that contralesional hand stimulation combined with visual scanning was a more effective treatment for hemineglect rehabilitation than scanning training alone.
Mutual Obligation? Regulating by Supervision and Surveillance in Australian Income Support Policy

Through an analysis of speeches by government ministers, documents and regulations, this article examines the Australian national government's surveillance of unemployed people through what is known as Activity Testing, and more specifically as Mutual Obligation. It seeks to merge the social policy analysis of Mutual Obligation with a surveillance perspective in order to delve deeper into the underlying nature of the policy and its implications for people who are unemployed. It does this by 1. outlining the neo-liberal political theory underlying these policies; 2. illustrating the nature and extent of surveillance of people in receipt of income support, and 3. employing Foucault's concepts of the technologies of domination and the self to highlight the controlling and coercive aspects of Mutual Obligation in achieving certain of the Government's political and policy objectives. In doing so, the analysis will make visible something of the power exerted over the disadvantaged while subject to such surveillance.
Replication of experiments evaluating impact of psychological distance on moral judgment: (Eyal, Liberman & Trope, 2008; Gong & Medin, 2012).

Eyal, Liberman, and Trope (2008) established that people judged moral transgressions more harshly and virtuous acts more positively when the acts were psychologically distant than close. In a series of conceptual and direct replications, Gong and Medin (2012) came to the opposite conclusion. Attempting to resolve these inconsistencies, we conducted four high-powered replication studies in which we varied temporal distance (Studies 1 and 3), social distance (Study 2) or construal level (Study 4), and registered their impact on moral judgment. We found no systematic effect of temporal distance, the effect of social distance consistent with Eyal et al., and the reversed effect of direct construal level manipulation, consistent with Gong and Medin. Possible explanations for the incompatible results are discussed.
Pre-service teachers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding school-based bullying

Pre-service teachers responded to two questionnaires regarding school violence, the Teachers' Attitudes about Bullying, and Trainee Teachers' Bullying Attitudes. Results suggest that teachers across all academic divisions view bullying as a serious concern important to their role within the profession. There were considerable differences regarding what was defined as bullying, with a consequent variability related to the potential of intervening to end the violence. Covert forms of bullying including relational, cyber and homophobic were viewed as less serious compared to overt violence and less worthy of attention. The necessity of training regarding anti-violence strategies for preservice teachers is presented.
IMPACT OF CD4 T CELL COUNT ON THE OUTCOME OF PLANNED TREATMENT INTERRUPTIONS IN EARLY-TREATED HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTED CHILDREN

Early highly active antiretroviral therapy is recommended in all vertically human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected infants. We describe the long-term immunologic outcome after planned treatment interruption (PTI) in 7 children diagnosed and treated during acute HIV infection (age <12 weeks). Children had remained a median of 57 months off treatment, 3 of them indefinitely. The 2 patients with the lowest nadir CD4% reinitiated highly active antiretroviral therapy because of a CD4 cell decline of <20%; 2 children resumed treatment because of clinical progression and parents' wishes. All patients experienced a decrease in CD4% after PTI, which particularly affected the naive subpopulation. The interferon-&ggr; response against HIV-p24 antigen directly correlated with nadir CD4%. Our results suggest that early treatment in HIV-infected infants increases their potential to safely control viral replication after PTI for long periods.
Prediction of kidney-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND Tools are needed to predict which individuals with diabetes will develop kidney disease and its complications. STUDY DESIGN An observational analysis of a randomized controlled trial. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS The ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron MR Controlled Evaluation) Study followed up 11,140 participants with type 2 diabetes for 5 years. PREDICTOR Readily available baseline demographic and clinical variables. OUTCOMES (1) Major kidney-related events (doubling of serum creatinine to ≥2.26 mg/dL [≥200 μmol/L], renal replacement therapy, or renal death) in all participants, and (2) new-onset albuminuria in participants with baseline normoalbuminuria. MEASUREMENTS Cox proportional hazard regression models predicting the outcomes were used to generate risk scores. Discrimination of the risk prediction models was compared with that of models based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) alone, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) alone, and their combination. RESULTS Risk scores for major kidney-related events and new-onset albuminuria were derived from 7- and 8-variable models, respectively. Baseline eGFR and ACR were dominant although models based on the 2 factors, alone or combined, had less discrimination (P<0.05) than the risk prediction models containing additional variables (risk prediction model C statistics of 0.847 [95% CI, 0.815-0.880] for major kidney-related events, and 0.647 [95% CI, 0.637-0.658] for new-onset albuminuria). Novel risk factors for new-onset albuminuria included Asian ethnicity and greater waist circumference, and for major kidney-related events, less education. The risk prediction models had acceptable calibration for both outcomes (modified Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P=0.9 and P=0.06, respectively). LIMITATIONS The follow-up period was limited to 5 years. Results are applicable to people with type 2 diabetes at risk of vascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Risk scores have been developed for early and late events in diabetic nephropathy. Although eGFR and urinary ACR are important components of the prediction models, the extra variables considered add significantly to discrimination and, in the case of new-onset albuminuria, are required to achieve satisfactory calibration.
Conceptual Motivation Modeling for Students with Dyslexia for Enhanced Assistive Learning

Students with dyslexia often suffer from the lack of academic self-worth and frustration that can even lead to learned helplessness. However, few studies have investigated the impact of incorporating users' motivational factors into user modeling to enhance the learning experience for students with dyslexia. In this paper we attempt to develop a conceptual motivation model for people with dyslexia in their use of assistive learning tools. To this end, we carry out a small-scale empirical study in real-world learning scenarios. Then we conduct individual interviews to gain first-hand data about the key factors and features affecting learning experience. Using coding and thematic analysis methods we discuss main themes regarding motivational factors and their interrelationships identified. Based on these findings, we create a conceptual motivation model tailored towards students with dyslexia, which will help enhance learning experience and improve learning efficiency.
Phylodynamics of H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Europe, 2005–2010: Potential for Molecular Surveillance of New Outbreaks

Previous Bayesian phylogeographic studies of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) explored the origin and spread of the epidemic from China into Russia, indicating that HPAIV circulated in Russia prior to its detection there in 2005. In this study, we extend this research to explore the evolution and spread of HPAIV within Europe during the 2005–2010 epidemic, using all available sequences of the HA and NA gene regions that were collected in Europe and Russia during the outbreak. We use discrete-trait phylodynamic models within a Bayesian statistical framework to explore the evolution of HPAIV. Our results indicate that the genetic diversity and effective population size of HPAIV peaked between mid-2005 and early 2006, followed by drastic decline in 2007, which coincides with the end of the epidemic in Europe. Our results also suggest that domestic birds were the most likely source of the spread of the virus from Russia into Europe. Additionally, estimates of viral dispersal routes indicate that Russia, Romania, and Germany were key epicenters of these outbreaks. Our study quantifies the dynamics of a major European HPAIV pandemic and substantiates the ability of phylodynamic models to improve molecular surveillance of novel AIVs.
Gene—Environment Interplay and Delinquent Involvement

Behavioral genetic research has revealed that biogenic factors play a role in the development of antisocial behaviors. Much of this research has also explicated the way in which the environment and genes may combine to create different phenotypes. The authors draw heavily from this literature and use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine genetic and environmental effects on adolescent delinquent involvement. The results of the multivariate models reveal that genetic factors have a direct effect on youthful misconduct. Most important, however, is that genetic factors interact with delinquent peers and with low self-control to predict variation in delinquency. Analysis of the Add Health data also provide evidence suggesting that there is a shared genetic pathway to delinquent involvement, to antisocial peer group formation, and to the development of low self-control.
Voice and racial categorization in Britain

A comparative consideration of the Black in the United States with his counterpart in Britain led to the hypothesis that third generation West Indian immigrants in Britain would be vocally identical to local Whites from the same socioeconomic background. The hypothesis was confirmed, and in complete contrast to the American findings, working class Blacks in a British city were significantly misattributed as “Whites” 80% of the time. In addition, data collected on how people of different occupational levels are expected to speak showed that Blacks sounding “White” was far from an inconsistent cognition for many White subjects.
Locally Repairable Codes With Unequal Local Erasure Correction

When a node in a distributed storage system fails, it needs to be promptly repaired to maintain system integrity. While typical erasure codes can provide a significant storage advantage over replication, they suffer from poor repair efficiency. Locally repairable codes (LRCs) tackle this issue by reducing the number of nodes participating in the repair process (locality), at the cost of reduced minimum distance. In this paper, we study the tradeoff between locality and minimum distance of LRCs with local codes that have arbitrary distance requirements. Unlike existing methods, where both the locality and the local distance requirements imposed on every node are identical, we allow the requirements to vary arbitrarily from node to node. Such a property can be an advantage for distributed storage systems with non-homogeneous characteristics. We present Singleton-type distance upper bounds and also provide an optimal code construction with respect to these bounds. In addition, the feasible rate region is characterized by dimension upper bounds that do not depend on the distance.
Completing the Practice Turn in Strategy Research

This paper identifies a practice turn in current strategy research, treating strategy as something people do. However, it argues that this turn is incomplete in that researchers currently concentrate either on strategy activity at the intra-organizational level or on the aggregate effects of this activity at the extra-organizational level. The paper proposes a framework for strategy research that integrates these two levels based on the three concepts of strategy praxis, strategy practices and strategy practitioners. The paper develops implications of this framework for research, particularly with regard to the impact of strategy practices on strategy praxis, the creation and transfer of strategy practices and the making of strategy practitioners. The paper concludes by outlining the distinctive emphases of the practice perspective within the strategy discipline.
The Relationship between Personality Traits and Coachability in NCAA Divisions I and II Female Softball Athletes

Coaches at all levels desire coachable athletes whose personalities are a good fit for their teams. Coachability is a complex construct that is not well understood in the sport science literature, but appears to be demonstrated through several behaviors. Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model framework proposes that personality traits are inherent and predispose a person to behave in relatively stable ways. This study used survey methodology to investigate relationships between head college coaches' (n = 36) perceptions of coachability and 12 personality traits from the Agreeableness and Emotional Stability domains in NCAA Divisions I (n = 94) and II (n = 96) female softball athletes. Results indicated that coaches might glean the most useful insights regarding how coachable a female athlete might be by learning more about her personality in three specific areas: Anger, Immoderation, and Cooperation.
Moral Intuition

In contrast to older, conventional accounts that treat ethical decision making and behavior as the result of deliberative and intendedly rational processes, a rapidly growing body of social science research has framed ethical thought and behavior as driven by intuition. We review this important new body of knowledge in terms of both the process and content of moral intuition. Then, to demonstrate its value to organizational scholars, we consider the potential impact of moral intuition research in four areas of organizational studies especially suited to insights from this research: leadership, organizational corruption, ethics training and education, and divestiture socialization. Our review and discussion suggest that the literature on moral intuition is incredibly rich, fruitful, and meaningful to a wide range of audiences.
Phenotype and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue of different species

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into several mesoderm lineages. They have been isolated from different tissues, such as bone marrow, adult peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, and adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in proliferation and phenotype of adipose tissue‐derived MSCs from three different species, and to evaluate their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes in vitro. A comparative study of cultured human, rabbit, and sheep mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue was carried out, and the main morphological parameters, proliferative activity, and expression of surface markers were characterized. Proliferation and flow cytometry data showed species‐related differences between animal and human MSCs. Histological staining suggested that rabbit and sheep mesenchymal cells were able to differentiate into chondrocytic lineages. Human mesenchymal cells, though they could also differentiate, accomplished it with more difficulty than animal MSCs. These results could help to explain the differences in the chondrogenic capacity of sheep and rabbit MSCs when they are used as animal models compared to human mesenchymal cells in a clinical assay. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1499–1507, 2009
Applying statistical machine learning to multicore voltage & frequency scaling

Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is a useful tool for improving system energy efficiency, especially in multi-core chips where energy is more of a limiting factor. Per-core DVFS, where cores can independently scale their voltages and frequencies, is particularly effective. We present a DVFS policy using machine learning, which learns the best frequency choices for a machine as a decision tree. Machine learning is used to predict the frequency which will minimize the expected energy per user-instruction (epui) or energy per (user-instruction)2 (epui2). While each core independently sets its frequency and voltage, a core is sensitive to other cores' frequency settings. Also, we examine the viability of using only partial training to train our policy, rather than full profiling for each program. We evaluate our policy on a 16-core machine running multiprogrammed, multithreaded benchmarks from the PARSEC benchmark suite against a baseline fixed frequency as well as a recently-proposed greedy policy. For 1ms DVFS intervals, our technique improves system epui2 by 14.4% over the baseline no-DVFS policy and 11.3% on average over the greedy policy.
Learning discriminative local features from image-level labelled data for colonoscopy image classification

In this paper we propose a novel weakly-supervised feature learning approach, learning discriminative local features from image-level labelled data for image classification. Unlike existing feature learning approaches which assume that a set of additional data in the form of matching/non-matching pairs of local patches are given for learning the features, our approach only uses the image-level labels which are much easier to obtain. Experiments on a colonoscopy image dataset with 2100 images shows that the learned local features outperforms other hand-crafted features and gives a state-or-the-art classification accuracy of 93.5%.
Examining the tensions in workplace flexibility and exploring options for new directions

Workplace flexibility initiatives as a potential remedy for work–life conflicts are the focus of a considerable number of investigations. Despite their contributions, research findings reveal tensions and contradictions in the ways that employees, managers and organizations develop, enact and respond to these flexibility initiatives. This critical review identifies three primary tensions (variable vs fixed arrangements, supportive vs unsupportive work climates and equitable vs inequitable implementation of policies) that reveal inconsistent and sometimes contradictory findings. We tie these tensions, and the management of them, to an overarching dilemma in implementing workplace flexibility, the autonomy–control paradox. To develop alternatives for handling these tensions, we recommend reframing them through changing organizational cultures, adopting a philosophy of adaptability, customizing work and making workplace flexibility an employee right. We conclude by urging organizations and society to reframe the tensions between work and life, to treat them as enriching rather than competing with each other and to transcend these opposite poles through exploring third spaces.
Smart phone as a tool for measuring anticipatory postural adjustments in healthy subjects, a step toward more personalized healthcare

We present a study on using a smart phone as a tool to evaluate anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) before the beginning of normal gait in healthy subjects. The results show a significantly lower amplitude of anticipatory postural adjustments in the mediolateral axis (ML) when subjects used the non-dominant leg for the first step compared with the amplitude when using the dominant leg. The use of smart phones as a tool for measuring APA enables more personalized and active healthcare for the population without the necessity of their buying or carrying other devices.
A fatal case of rapid gingival enlargement: Case report with brief review

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of primitive granulocytic cells. These lesions are commonly associated with other hematologic disorders such as myeloid leukemia and other myeloproliferative neoplasms. Although extremely rare in the oral cavity, this lesion was reported in gingiva, palate, buccal mucosa and extraction sockets. MS is an aggressive lesion associated with poor prognosis. Early identification and prompt treatment holds the key for increasing the disease-free period in these patients. In this context, we report a rare and aggressive case of MS, which ran a fatal course in a 45-year-old female patient.
Effect of restricted water exchange on cerebral blood flow values calculated with arterial spin tagging: A theoretical investigation

Arterial spin tagging techniques originally used the one‐compartment Kety model to describe the dynamics of tagged water in the brain. The work presented here develops a more realistic model that includes the contribution of tagged water in the capillary bed and accounts for the finite time required for water to diffuse across the blood‐brain barrier. The new model was used to evaluate potential errors in cerebral blood flow values calculated using the one‐compartment Kety model . The results predict that if the one‐compartment Kety model is used to analyze arterial spin tagging data the observed grey matter cerebral blood flow values should be relatively insensitive to restricted diffusion of water across the capillary bed. For instance, the observed grey matter cerebral blood flow should closely approximate the true cerebral blood flow and not the product of the extraction fraction and the cerebral blood flow. This prediction is in agreement with recent experimental arterial spin tagging results. Magn Reson Med 44:440–449, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.