Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attitudes among Occupy DC participants about the use of violence against police

ABSTRACT Social movements often embrace nonviolent civil disobedience strategies. At the same time, social movements sometimes attract participants with different temperaments and different views on the morality or utility of using violence against police. Moreover, the use of force or procedurally unjust tactics by police may influence these views, instigating rebellion and support for the use of violence against police by protesters. This paper examines the nature and correlates of attitudes toward using violence against police among Occupy DC participants in Washington, DC. Data are drawn from a survey of 136 Occupy DC participants. We provide descriptive statistics that summarise Occupiers’ attitudes toward the use of violence against police, and test hypotheses about factors that may be associated with these attitudes. Our findings show that a non-trivial subset of participants appears to embrace the use of violence against police, and that these attitudes toward violence are associated with perceptions of the extent to which police treat protesters in a procedurally unjust manner.
When the State Gives Back: Trust and Trustworthiness after a Land Restitution Program

Recent research in Economics has sought to understand the effects of exposure to violence on individual preferences, including pro-social behavior. Here, we assess the impact on pro-social behaviour of a governmental program to compensate victims of forced displacement. All our subjects have been officially recognized as victims of a conflict, and, as such, are eligible to apply for restitution of their land within the "Victims’ Law" (Ley de Victimas, Bill 1448/2011). The key independent variable of our analysis is whether a subject has obtained land back within this or similar programs. Our dependent variables are a subject's trust and trustworthiness in unknown persons, as measured in a modified version of a Trust Game. We focus on inter-personal trust and trustworthiness because of their well-documented positive effect on economic development. Our design includes a treatment in which subjects vote on their most preferred outcomes to understand whether forms of consultative democracy can engender higher mutual trust. We find that land restitution significantly raises trustworthiness, while there is no effect on trust. This confirms previous insights that trust and trustworthiness tap into different aspects of pro-sociality. Voting does not improve either trust or trustworthiness. The results are robust to controlling for socio-economic status within regression analysis and to the omitted variable bias.
The application of recursive aggregate T-matrix algorithm in the Monte Carlo simulations of the extinction rate of random distribution of particles

The recursive T -matrix algorithm is applied to Monte Carlo simulations of multiple scattering by random distribution of dielectric spheres. The method is a fast algorithm for calculating the exact solution of Maxwell's equations for a large number of scattering objects. The extinction rate is calculated by averaging over many realizations. The computed results are compared with those from analytic approximations, namely, the quasi-crystalline approximation.
Optical Manipulation of Microparticles in an SU-8/PDMS Hybrid Microfluidic Chip Incorporating a Monolithically Integrated On-Chip Lens Set

An SU-8/PDMS microfluidic chip incorporating a monolithically integrated on-chip lens set for transport and manipulation of microparticles is developed. The components, including the on-chip lens set, the microfluidic channel, and the fiber grooves, are defined in a single layer of SU-8 by one-step photolithography. The design of the on-chip lens set and the fabrication of the microfluidic chip are fully described. The influence of the beam-waist radius on the manipulation performance is theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified for the first time. In the cross-type optofluidic architecture, the evaluation is performed by measuring the particle displacement with different beam-waist radii under different fluid-flow rates. The on-chip lens set is designed to have a specific dimension to achieve the required beam-waist radius. It is revealed that the particle displacement is counter-proportional to the beam-waist radius. An experiment is performed. The results show that the particle displacement is increased by reducing the beam-waist radius. The optical manipulation of microparticles is also demonstrated by using two counter-propagating light beams that are perpendicular to the fluid-flow direction with the beam-waist radius determined by two on-chip lens sets placed on the two sides of the microfluidic channel. The proposed architecture could be used to enhance the performance in particle transport, separation, and concentration.
Heuristic Symmetry Reduction for Invariant Verification

We describe techniques that use symmetry to perform efficient invariant checking. We start by developing the theory needed to exploit symmetry for designs specified at the gate level. This is followed by a proof of the inadequacy of BDD based methods for highly symmetric designs; this motivates the use of explicit state enumeration. Exact symmetry reduction has been conjectured to be computationally intractable; we propose fast heuristic reduction procedures. Experiments with these routines demonstrate their effectiveness in practice; we also compare running times with a BDD based tool.
FRT capability of a DFIG in isolated grids with Dynamic Voltage Restorer and Energy Storage

In order to utilize Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) as primary power source of an isolated system, they must be able to regulate the voltage and frequency of the system, as well as ride-through faults. This paper proposes a new control strategy for a DFIG operating in an isolated power system, accomplished by a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and a Supercapacitor Energy Storage System (SCESS), in order to ride through symmetrical and asymmetrical faults. During faults, the DFIG continues to operate normally, while the surplus of power is stored in the SCESS. During asymmetrical faults, the DFIG and the DVR are properly controlled in order to feed the non-faulty phases uninterruptedly. When integrated in a power system with conventional synchronous generators, the proposed FRT control strategy improves the FRT capability of a DFIG, while providing frequency and voltage support to the system throughout the fault duration. Thus, the transient stability of the power system is significantly improved. The effectiveness of the proposed control method under different fault conditions is verified by detailed simulation results.
Particle filters with approximation steps

This paper examines the impact of approximation steps that become necessary when particle filters are implemented on resource-constrained platforms. We consider particle filters that perform intermittent approximation, either by subsampling the particles or by generating a parametric approximation. For such algorithms, we derive time-uniform bounds on the weak-sense Lp error. We motivate the theoretical analysis by considering the leader-node particle filter and present numerical experiments exploring its performance and the relationship to the error bounds.
Do we Really Need to Write Documentation for a System? - CASE Tool Add-ons: Generator+Editor for a Precise Documentation

One of the common problems of system development projects is that the system documentation is often outdated and does not describe the latest version of the system. The situation is even more complicated if we are speaking not about a natural language description of the system, but about its formal specification. In this paper we discuss how the problem could be solved by updating the documentation automatically, by generating a new formal specification from the model if the model is frequently changed.
BiHOP: a bidirectional highly optimized pipelining technique for large-scale multimedia servers

We present a technique, called bidirectional highly optimized pipelining (BiHOP), for managing disks as a buffer for the tertiary storage of a multimedia server. We implement a simulator to compare its performance to that of a recently proposed scheme called SEP. The results show that BiHOP performs significantly better. Its superior performance is attributed to a novel caching approach, which caches every other data fragment of the multimedia file, rather than caches consecutive fragments as in traditional practice. This new approach allows us to use tiny staging buffers for pipelining, which can be implemented in the memory to conserve disk bandwidth. Furthermore, the whole disk space can be dedicated for caching purposes to improve hit ratio. Another important advantage of BiHOP is its ability to pipeline in either forward or reverse direction with the same efficiency. This unique feature, not possible with existing schemes, makes it natural for implementing VCR functions.
Realtime Illustrative Rendering of Large Scale Skinned Meshes

Line drawing can express meaningful information by ignoring less important or distracting details, and thus becomes a popular shape depiction technique. However, existing methods mainly focused on static data. Although we can apply these methods to animated data frame by frame, it is still not applicable for large scale model due to the high computational cost. In this paper, we present a real time line drawing method for skinned mesh. We exploit the surface normal coherency between neighbouring frames to accelerate the computation of surface normal which is the bottleneck of most line drawing methods. The experimental results show that our method is both efficient and effective.
Pairing Software-Managed Caching with Decay Techniques to Balance Reliability and Static Power in Next-Generation Caches

Since array structures represent well over half the area and transistors on-chip, maintaining their ability to scale is crucial for overall technology scaling. Shrinking transistor sizes are resulting in increased probabilities of single events causing singleand multi-bit upsets which require adoption of more complex and power hungry error detection and correction codes (ECC) in hardware. At the same time, SRAM leakage energy is increasing partly due to technology trends and partly due to the increasing number of transistors present. This paper proposes and evaluates methods of reducing the static power requirements of caches, while also maintaining high reliability. In particular, we propose methods of applying reduced ECC techniques to data that has been identified (by programmer or compiler) as error-tolerant. This segregation, in turn, makes both the default data and the error-tolerant data more amenable to decay-based techniques for leakage control. We examine the potential of this split memory hierarchy along several dimensions. In particular, we consider the power and reliability issues inherent in the approach. Overall, we show that our approach allows the ECC requirements of future applications and caches to be met while also reducing leakage energy.
Development of a Smooth Muscle–Targeted Cre Recombinase Mouse Reveals Novel Insights Regarding Smooth Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain Promoter Regulation

The use of genetically modified mice has been an important model system to study gene function in cardiovascular development and under pathophysiological conditions. Although conventional gene knockout studies have provided important insights into gene function in the cardiovascular system, they may be limited by upregulation of compensatory pathways and the inability to differentiate direct versus indirect functions in vivo. As a first step in developing systems that can target gene activation or inactivation specifically to smooth muscle cells (SMCs), we coupled the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) promoter to the cre recombinase gene and generated transgenic mice that express cre in SMCs. In addition, we used these mice to address whether the heterogeneous staining observed in SMMHC-LacZ mice was due to subsets of SMCs that required different regulatory cassettes of the promoter or if it reflected episodic expression of the transgene. To address both the feasibility of SMC targeting and the apparent heterogeneous expression, we bred SMMHC-cre mice to indicator mice containing a cre-activated LacZ gene. Results showed high-level expression in SMCs at various embryonic time points and in adult tissues. Because breeding of SMMHC-cre mice to an indicator line provided an integration of cre activity over time, results of this study revealed that expression of the SMMHC promoter fragment more closely resembled the expression of the endogenous gene, both with respect to the onset of activation during development and uniformity of staining among individual cells within tissues. Overall, these mice will provide a powerful tool to researchers to study gene function in vascular development/disease by using cre/lox technology to direct smooth muscle–specific gene activation or inactivation in vivo.
Head Injury and the MMPI-2: Paradoxical Severity Effects and the Influence of Litigation

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) profiles of 30 consecutive patients with moderate/severe head injury were compared with those of 30 consecutive symptomatic minor/mild head injury patients. Of the severely injured, 18 had ongoing litigation and 12 did not. All 30 minor/mild patients were in litigation. The severe litigating group had significant elevations on Hypochondriasis (Hs), Hysteria (Hy), Schizophrenia (Sc), and Health Concerns relative to the severe nonlitigating group. The minor/mild group had significant elevations on Hs, Depression (D), Hy, and Psychasthenia (Pt) over both the litigating and nonlitigating severe groups and additional elevations on Sc and Health Concerns over the severe nonlitigating group. Results are discussed in terms of the influence of litigation and injury severity on symptom endorsement on the MMPI-2. A model explaining persisting claims of disability after minor/mild head injury is proposed.
Fast Detection of Overlapping Communities via Online Tensor Methods on GPUs

We present a fast tensor-based approach for detecting hidden overlapping communities under the Mixed Membership Stochastic Blockmodel (MMSB). We present two implementations, \viz a GPU-based implementation which exploits the parallelism of SIMD architectures and a CPU-based implementation for larger datasets, wherein the GPU memory does not suffice. Our GPU-based implementation involves a careful optimization of storage, data transfer and matrix computations. Our CPU-based implementation involves sparse linear algebraic operations which exploit the data sparsity. We use stochastic gradient descent for multilinear spectral optimization and this allows for flexibility in the tradeoff between node sub-sampling and accuracy of the results. We validate our results on datasets from Facebook, Yelp and DBLP where ground truth is available, using notions of $p$-values and false discovery rates, and obtain high accuracy for membership recovery. We compare our results, both in terms of execution time and accuracy, to the state-of-the-art algorithms such as the variational method, and report many orders of magnitude gain in the execution time. The tensor method is also applicable for unsupervised learning of a wide range of latent variable models, and we also demonstrate efficient recovery of topics from the Nytimes dataset.
Virtual-reality technologies in the process of handicapped school children education

Information technologies impact our daily life in many significant ways. Despite this there is a lack of availability of some technologies to the wide public caused by their availability and price. This insufficiency seems to be even bigger for handicapped people. LIRKIS laboratory of Technical university of Košice proposes solutions in education of these people and develops technologies of virtual reality which are capable to fulfill their needs. One such VR technology is a unique CAVE system, which is also available in the LIRKIS laboratory and gives a new dimension for further educational opportunities. The paper describes the technologies and original designs available at LIRKIS and their relation to the handicapped people education.
de Broglie wavelength reduction for a multiphoton wave packet

An experiment is proposed that permits the observation of the reduced de Broglie wavelengths of two- and four-photon wave packets using present technology. It is suggested to use a Mach-Zehnder setup and feed both input ports with light generated by a single nondegenerate down-conversion source. The strong quantum correlations of the light in conjunction with boson enhancement at the input beam splitter allow us to detect a two- and fourfold decrease in the observed de Broglie wavelength with perfect visibility. This allows a reduction of the observed de Broglie wavelength below the wavelength of the source.
DIAGRAMMATICS OF BRAIDED GROUP GAUGE THEORY

We develop a gauge theory or theory of bundles and connections on them at the level of braids and tangles. Extending recent algebraic work, we provide now a fully diagrammatic treatment of principal bundles, a theory of global gauge transformations, associated braided fiber bundles and covariant derivatives on them. We describe the local structure for a concrete ℤ3-graded or 'anyonic' realization of the theory.
Early decision decoding methods for low-density parity-check codes

Low-density parity-check codes have recently received extensive attention as a forward error correction scheme in a wide area of applications. The decoding algorithm is inherently parallelizable, allowing communication at high speeds. One of the main disadvantages, however, is large memory requirements for interim storing of decoding data. In this paper, we investigate a modification to the decoding algorithm, using early decisions for bits with high reliabilities. Currently, there are two early decision schemes proposed. We compare their theoretical performances and their suitability for hardware implementation. We also propose a new decision method, which we call weak decisions, that offers an increase in performance by a factor of two.
Cyclosporin A Is a Broad-Spectrum Multidrug Resistance Modulator

Purpose: Overexpression of the multidrug resistance proteins P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance protein (MRP-1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and lung resistance protein (LRP) is associated with treatment failure in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other malignancies. The Pgp modulator cyclosporin A has shown clinical efficacy in AML, whereas its analogue PSC-833 has not. Cyclosporin A is known to also modulate MRP-1, and we hypothesized that broad-spectrum multidrug resistance modulation might contribute to its clinical efficacy. Experimental Design: We studied the effects of cyclosporin A and PSC-833 on in vitro drug retention and cytotoxicity in resistant cell lines overexpressing Pgp, MRP-1, and BCRP and on nuclear-cytoplasmic drug distribution and cytotoxicity in cells overexpressing LRP. Cellular drug content was assessed by flow cytometry and nuclear-cytoplasmic drug distribution by confocal microscopy. Results: Cyclosporin A enhanced retention of the substrate drug mitoxantrone in cells overexpressing Pgp (HL60/VCR), MRP-1 (HL60/ADR), and BCRP (8226/MR20, HEK-293 482R) and increased cytotoxicity 6-, 4-, 4-, and 3-fold, respectively. Moreover, cyclosporin A enhanced nuclear distribution of doxorubicin in 8226/MR20 cells, which also express LRP, and increased doxorubicin cytotoxicity 12-fold without an effect on cellular doxorubicin content, consistent with expression of wild-type BCRP, which does not efflux doxorubicin. Cyclosporin A also enhanced nuclear doxorubicin distribution in a second cell line with LRP overexpression, HT1080/DR4. PSC-833 enhanced mitoxantrone retention and cytotoxicity in cells overexpressing Pgp, but had no effect in cells overexpressing MRP-1, BCRP, or LRP. Conclusions: Cyclosporin A modulates Pgp, MRP-1, BCRP, and LRP, and this broad-spectrum activity may contribute to its clinical efficacy.
An Earthenware Reconstruction System Considering Color Pattern and Shape Similarities

This paper proposes an earthenware reconstruction system considering surface color and pattern of potsherds, in addition to contour shape. In general, most of potsherds have complex, irregular, and weathering contours because of rain, wind and so on. Reconstruction of earthenware, therefore, is attended with much difficulties. In our previous work, a system considering surface patterns has been developed, but there is some problems, for the surface patterns are just analyzed in grayscale in the system. In this paper, we discuss a color similarity approach, and then, we propose a joint detection method based on the approach. We have implemented the method into our earthenware reconstruction system, and we also report good performance results for some weathered potsherds.
Nostalgic Emotion, Experiential Value, Destination Image, and Place Attachment of Cultural Tourists

This study postulates that the nostalgic emotion of cultural tourists affects their perceived experiential value and helps to evoke their destination image, which contributes to the formation of place attachment. The study deploys a survey research in which questionnaires are distributed in Mystical Yan Cheng, a theme park in China that is built on the historical remains of the Spring and Autumn Annals. The study collects 347 valid responses. The results reveal the multifaceted nature of a destination image. Furthermore, nostalgic emotion positively contributes to the place attachment of cultural tourists. However, the study also illustrates an inadequate understanding of the nature of nostalgic emotion and further study is recommended. The results of the study also indicate that a high level of satisfaction does not necessarily contribute to destination image and place attachment.
Optimistic fair exchange for secure forwarding

Several cooperation enforcement schemes based on rewarding mechanisms such as electronic cash or online credits have lately been proposed to prevent selfish behavior in ad-hoc networks. However, these schemes suffer from the lack of fairness guarantees or the reliance on costly mechanisms such as tamper- proof hardware or the requirement for trusted third parties (TTPs) that are not suitable for ad-hoc networks. In this paper, we present a new cooperation-enforcement scheme that is perfectly suitable for ad-hoc delay-tolerant networks. The protocol is based on a simple technique called hot- potato forwarding whereby in order to receive a packet, potential recipients must first deliver an advance reward to the sender prior to the transmission of the packet. Thanks to this technique cooperation among nodes becomes mandatory and poisoning attacks and cheating actions are inherently prevented. The second contribution in our scheme is an optimistic fair exchange protocol that solves the fairness problem that is inherent to peer rewarding schemes. The protocol achieves total fairness with the help of a TTP and is optimistic in that the TTP is only involved in case of conflict between peer nodes. Correct execution of the protocol does not require any access to the TTP, so fairness is achieved without any impact on well-behaving nodes. The fairness of the protocol is validated through the exhaustive analysis of all possible protocol traces.