Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preoxygenation Is More Effective in the 25° Head-up Position Than in the Supine Position in Severely Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

Background:Class III obese patients have altered respiratory mechanics, which are further impaired in the supine position. The authors explored the hypothesis that preoxygenation in the 25° head-up position allows a greater safety margin for induction of anesthesia than the supine position. Methods:A randomized controlled trial measured oxygen saturation and the desaturation safety period after 3 min of preoxygenation in 42 consecutive (male:female 13:29) severely obese (body mass index > 40 kg/m2) patients who were undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery and were randomly assigned to the supine position or the 25° head-up position. Serial arterial blood gases were taken before and after preoxygenation and 90 s after induction. After induction, ventilation was delayed until blood oxygen saturation reached 92%, and this desaturation safety period was recorded. Results:The mean body mass indexes for the supine and 25° head-up groups were 47.3 and 44.9 kg/m2, respectively (P = 0.18). The group randomly assigned to the 25° head-up position achieved higher preinduction oxygen tensions (442 ± 104 vs. 360 ± 99 mmHg; P = 0.012) and took longer to reach an oxygen saturation of 92% (201 ± 55 vs. 155 ± 69 s; P = 0.023). There was a strong positive correlation between the induction oxygen tension achieved and the time to reach an oxygen saturation of 92% (r = 0.51, P = 0.001). There were no adverse events associated with the study. Conclusion:Preoxygenation in the 25° head-up position achieves 23% higher oxygen tensions, allowing a clinically significant increase in the desaturation safety period—greater time for intubation and airway control. Induction in the 25° head-up position may provide a greater safety margin for airway control.
Optimal capacity of flow battery and economic dispatch used in peak load shifting

With the rapid development of social economic and the growing power demand, it brings the phenomenon that the capacity of power network is expanding gradually and the load feature has changed very much. The peak-valley difference is becoming larger and larger with an annual increasing trend and the problem of peak load shifting has been increasingly apparent. It can solve the problem by charging during valley period and discharging during peak period using of the storage technology of flow battery (FB). It helps to make the peak load shift to the valley, so that it can improve the load feature. Based the application of peak load shifting, this paper presents a methodology to optimal the capacity of flow battery, it builds the optimization model to determine the sizing capacity of flow battery while the objective function of this model is to maximize the benefits the power system. It's based on the example network's load feature and the security of the system network and charge-discharge characteristics of flow battery as its constraints. While the capacity of flow battery has been determined, an operating strategy of flow battery to dispatch power has been presented. The result is significant to demonstrate that the application of FB to implement the peak load shifting has great advantages.
Examination of tumour histopathology and gene expression in a neu/S100A4 transgenic model of metastatic breast cancer

Summary. Elevated levels of the calcium‐binding protein S100A4 have been causally linked to the metastatic spread of breast cancer cells in several in vitro and in vivo model systems and, more recently, correlated with patient death in a series of human breast cancer specimens. In transgenic mice expressing MMTV‐neu transgenes in mammary gland, additional expression of S100A4 transgenes results in an enhanced metastatic capability. Despite this phenotypic difference arising from elevated S100A4, it is now shown that the primary breast tumours in all mice examined are histopathologically very similar and resemble those human tumours associated with elevated c‐erbB‐2. Using a panel of genes identified by suppression subtractive hybridization of cDNAs from individual primary tumours and a metastasis, some cDNAs were found to exhibit a differential pattern of expression associated with the expression of S100A4 protein (including osteopontin, S100A9, claudin 2 and several Expressed Sequence Tags sequences). Whilst confirming differential expression of these genes, it was demonstrated that individual primary tumours of matched transgenic status, histology and grade exhibit some degree of heterogeneity at the mRNA level by reverse Northern and Northern hybridizations. This intertumour heterogeneity of mRNA level was confirmed by cDNA array analysis and suggests that even in a transgenic model, which exhibits far less variation than the human disease, there may be multiple mechanisms of disease progression.
Role of EMG as a complementary tool for assessment of motor impairment

Due to the aging population and increase in the number of neurological injuries, the demand for physical therapy has increased. As a result, in recent years robotic devices have been introduced to address the neuro-rehabilitation needs and have been proved to augment the recovery process. Results from a preliminary assessment study on a planar reaching task are presented in this paper. H-Man, a novel upper limb rehabilitation planar robot is employed for the study with ten healthy control subjects - divided into young and aged adults (to understand the effect of aging) and two chronic stroke patients with motor impairment. The assessment of performance was made through kinematic task parameters (smoothness of movement and time to peak velocity) and EMG signal measure (Integrated Average Value) from the upper limb muscles. This revealed significant differences between the groups. The results of the study indicated the potential use of EMG-based metric as a complementary measure to generally-used end effector robotic metrics to track the recovery process.
Plundermatics: Real-time Interactive Media Segmentation for Audiovisual Analysis, Composition and Performance

This paper presents methods for real-time automated media segmentation, interactive audiovisual analysis, and media search in composition and performance tasks. In addition, we detail a use case where these tools have been deployed successfully as part of high profile public, national broadcast events, installations and exhibitions. These tools utilise a combination of data-mining and information retrieval approaches, automated sound and image segmentation techniques, and fast real-time audiovisual interaction technologies to create user-navigable media search environments, where users explore large sets of audiovisual data in fast, engaging and intuitive ways. This work is supported by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Outbreak of ceftazidime resistance due to a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in isolates from cancer patients

Ceftazidime is widely used in the therapy of infectious complications in neutropenic patients. We studied an outbreak of ceftazidime-resistant gram-negative bacillary infections in pediatric cancer patients receiving empirical ceftazidime therapy for neutropenic fever. Fourteen isolates (12 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 2 Escherichia coli) from 13 patients were studied. Specimens were obtained from multiple clinical sites including blood, urine, throat, and lung. The organisms were resistant to ceftazidime, aztreonam, and penicillins but remained susceptible to cephamycins and imipenem. All resistant isolates produced a novel beta-lactamase (TEM-26) with a pI of approximately 5.58, which was transferred by transformation to E. coli on a 7.9-kb nonconjugative plasmid which cotransferred resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This enzyme readily hydrolyzed ceftazidime, aztreonam, and penicillins in a spectrophotometric assay. DNA sequencing data suggest that TEM-26 is derived from TEM-1.
Device driver programming in a transactional DSM operating system

The Plurix project implements an object-oriented operating system (OS) for PC clusters. Network communication is implemented via the distributed shared memory (DSM) paradigm. Memory consistency is maintained by restartable transactions and an optimistic synchronization scheme, that have been used in database technology in the past. Originally, DSM systems were built to support parallel algorithms, but using DSM as a foundation for a general purpose OS offers interesting perspectives in designing and using distributed applications. The OS, including kernel and all drivers, is written in Plurix Java. Our Java compiler directly translates Java source code into Intel machine instructions. Some minor language extensions support device-level programming. During the development of the system we identified conceptual problems which are caused by the restartability requirement of transactions. Clearly interrupts do not reoccur in case of an aborted transaction. Without proper precaution interrupts would get lost or devices could receive broken commands. In this paper we shortly review our DSM system and present the "smart buffer" concept to bridge the gap between restartable DSM transactions and non-restartable device operations and events. Finally, we validate our proposed solution by performance measurements and compare the kernel interface to traditional operating systems.
Metadata : Headers , Augmentations and Aggregates

A sample of 200 web tables was interactively converted into layout-independent Augmented Wang Notation (AWN) using the Table Abstraction Tool (TAT). The resulting XML ground-truth files list for each table (1) cell contents, (2) relationships between the hierarchical column and row headers and the value/content/data cells, (3) designators for aggregates like totals and averages, and (4) ancillary information (augmentations) represented by table titles and captions, footnotes, and unit indicators. On average, these tables have 585 cells, 8.8 footnotes, and 1.4 rows of aggregates. They differ widely in number of cells, Wang dimensionality, and MHTML and AWN/XML file sizes. Even though TAT automates much of the repetitive work, interactive ground-truthing took on average four minutes per table. The collected ground truth is offered to the research community for experimentation on automated table processing and for realistic pseudo-random generation of table data.
Autophagic substrate clearance requires activity of the syntaxin-5 SNARE complex

Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent cellular catabolic mechanism that mediates the turnover of intracellular organelles and long-lived proteins. Reduced autophagic activity has been shown to lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in neurons and might be involved in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we uncover an essential role for the syntaxin-5 SNARE complex in autophagy. Using genetic knockdown, we show that the syntaxin-5 SNARE complex regulates the later stages of autophagy after the initial formation of autophagosomes. This SNARE complex acts on autophagy by regulating ER-to-Golgi transport through the secretory pathway, which is essential for the activity of lysosomal proteases such as cathepsins. Depletion of syntaxin-5 complex components results in the accumulation of autophagosomes as a result of lysosomal dysfunction, leading to decreased degradation of autophagic substrates. Our findings provide a novel link between a fundamental process such as intracellular trafficking and human diseases that might be affected by defective biogenesis and/or homeostasis of the autophagosome–lysosome degradation system.
Purification and Properties of a Highly Thermostable, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Resistant and Stereospecific Proteinase from the Extremely Thermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus stetteri

The cultivation of the extremely thermophilic archaeon Thermococcus stetteri in a dialysis membrane reactor was paralleled by the production of an extremely heat-stable proteinase(s). By applying preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, an SDS-resistant proteinase was purified 67-fold in one step with a yield of 34%. The purified enzyme, which was composed of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 68 kDa, showed a broad temperature and pH profile (50 to 100(deg)C; pH 5 to 11). The optimal activity with substantial thermal stability was measured with casein at 85(deg)C and pH 8.5 to 9. Inhibition by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and diisopropylfluorophosphate demonstrated that the enzyme was a serine proteinase. The enzyme displayed a relatively narrow substrate specificity, catalyzing the hydrolysis only of N-protected p-nitroanilides or p-nitrophenyl esters of basic (Arg or Lys) or hydrophobic (Phe or Tyr) l-amino acids. l-Phenylglycine amide was also attacked by the proteinase, but with a lower specificity constant. Within the detection limit, no hydrolysis of d-amino acid derivatives was observed. The catalytic efficiency of the enzyme at 80(deg)C (k(infcat)/K(infm) for benzoyl-Arg-p-nitroanilide, 10(sup4)) is the same order of magnitude when compared with that of functionally similar mesophilic enzymes. The proteinase also acts as a transferase, catalyzing the acyl transfer from protected amino acid ester or amide to amino acid amide. The observed thermostability, SDS resistance, relatively narrow substrate specificity, high stereospecificity, and limited catalytic efficiency probably reflect the tighter packing of the thermostable protein molecule and its limited flexibility. This was supported by fluorescence spectra of the enzyme, mainly due to tryptophan residues, in the temperature range of 30 to 90(deg)C. Structural reorganization was observed at temperatures over 100(deg)C. The results obtained could be of relevance for the better understanding of the structure-function relationship of enzymes from extreme thermophiles and suggest possible biotechnological application of the proteinase for resolution of racemic mixtures.
Towards an Integrated Solution for Node Localization and Data Routing in Sensor Networks

In this work, we propose an integrated solution to jointly solve the localization and data routing problems in sensor networks. In our solution, the localization system divides the network into Voronoi cells to reduce communication costs, and as a result, the system allows two ways for specifying a node location: the nodes ' physical location or the Voronoi cell it belongs to. This localization system yields a natural hierarchy based on Voronoi cells that is used by the integrated routing algorithm we propose. The proposed geographic routing algorithm may use either the nodes ' coordinates or the Voronoi cells to forward data packets. A key advantage of this routing algorithm is that no additional communication is required for route discovery, leading to a cost-free and very scalable routing algorithm. Such a dual solution, called Cellular (Cell Unified Localization And Routing) algorithm, to solve the localization and routing problems, represents a new trend of algorithms for sensor networks, where multiple problems are jointly solved to provide cheaper and integrated solutions.
GVCHAP: A Computing Pipeline for Genomic Prediction and Variance Component Estimation Using Haplotypes and SNP Markers

Haplotype prediction models open many possibilities to improve the accuracy of genomic selection but require more data processing and computing time than single-SNP prediction models. To facilitate haplotype analysis for genomic prediction and estimation using structural and functional genomic information, we developed a computing pipeline to implement haplotype analysis with capabilities for preparation of input data for haplotype analysis, genomic prediction and estimation using GVCHAP, and analysis of GVCHAP results. Data preparation includes utility programs for haplotype imputing; defining haplotype blocks by a fixed number of SNPs, a fixed distance in base pairs per block, or user defined block lengths based on structural or functional genomic information or a mixture of both types of information; and defining haplotype genotypes within each haplotype block. GVCHAP is the main program for genomic prediction and estimation, calculates GREML (genomic restricted maximum likelihood) estimates of variance components and heritabilities, and calculates GBLUP (genomic best linear unbiased prediction) for additive and dominance values of single SNPs as well as additive values of haplotypes with reliability estimates for training and validation populations. A two-step strategy and a method of multi-node processing are implemented to remove the computing bottleneck due to the creation of genomic relationship matrices for large samples. The analysis of GVCHAP results includes calculation of observed prediction accuracies from validation studies and preparation of input files for graphical visualization of heritability estimates of haplotype blocks as well as estimates of SNP effects and heritabilities. The entire pipeline provides an efficient and versatile computing tool for identifying the most accurate haplotype model among many candidate haplotype models utilizing structural and functional genomic information for genomic selection.
Factors That Influence the Participation of Immigrant Latino Parents in the Special Education Process of Their Children with Disabilities.

xi CHAPTER I Introduction . 1 Parental Involvement and Student Achievement.2 Parental Involvement in Special Education . 6 Parental Involvement and the Achievement of Students with Disabilities . 6 Parental Participation in the Special Education Process . 7 Disproportionality in Special Education . 9 Involvement of Culturally Diverse Parents.12 Parental Involvement among Latinos . 13 Challenges to Latino Parental Involvement . 15 Parental Involvement among First-Generation Immigrant Families . 16 Statement of the Research Problem . 20 Summary . 22 CHAPTER II Review of the Literature . 23 Parental Involvement and Students with Disabilities . 24 Parental Participation in the Special Education Process . 25 IDEA Mandates for Parental Involvement . 27 Advocacy Skills . 28 Parents’ Perceptions of the Special Education Process . 32 Parental Participation in the IEP Meeting . 33 Communication and Collaboration . 35 Parental Satisfaction with School Services . 37 vii Tensions and Challenges in Navigating the Special Education Process . 38 Issues of Service Delivery . 39 Different Views and Expectations . 40 Lack of Cultural Sensitivity . 41 Legal Issues in Special Education . 42 Influence of Cultural and Linguistic Diversity on Parent Participation . 45 Latino Parents’ Perception of the Special Education Process . 49 Latino Parents’ Knowledge of Special Education Procedures . 51 Latino Parents’ Experiences with the Special Education Process . 52 Educators’ Actions that Promote Parental Participation in the Special Education Process.55 Conceptual Framework . 56 Summary . 63 CHAPTER III – Methodology . 64 Purpose of the Study . 64 Research Questions . 64 Participants . 65 Population of Interest . 65 Selection Criteria . 66 Recruitment . 67 Sample . 69 Instrumentation . 73 Instrument development Process . 74 Instrument Description . 76
A mitotic form of the Golgi apparatus in HeLa cells

Galactosyltransferase, a marker for trans-Golgi cisternae in interphase cells, was localized in mitotic HeLa cells embedded in Lowicryl K4M by immunoelectron microscopy. Specific labeling was found only over multivesicular structures that we term Golgi clusters. Unlike Golgi stacks in interphase cells, these clusters lacked elongated cisternae and ordered stacking of their components but did comprise two distinct regions, one containing electron-lucent vesicles and the other, smaller, vesiculo-tubular structures. Labeling for galactosyltransferase was found predominantly over the latter region. Both structures were embedded in a dense matrix that excluded ribosomes and the cluster was often bounded by cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, sometimes on all sides. Clusters were present at all stages of mitosis examined, which included prometaphase, metaphase, and telophase. They were also identified in conventionally processed mitotic cells and shown to contain another trans-Golgi marker, thiamine pyrophosphatase. Serial sectioning showed that clusters were discrete and globular and multiple copies appeared to be dispersed in the cytoplasm. Their possible role in the division of the Golgi apparatus is discussed.
Fortifier and Cream Improve Fat Delivery in Continuous Enteral Infant Feeding of Breast Milk

Premature and high-risk infants require accurate delivery of nutrients to promote appropriate growth. Continuous enteral feeding methods may result in significant fat and micronutrient loss. This study evaluated fat loss in enteral nutrition using current strategies for providing high-risk infants fortified human milk (HM). The fat content of HM was measured by IR analyzer in a simulated feeding system using the Kangaroo ePump™ and the MedFusion™ 2010 pump. Comparisons in fat loss were made between HM, HM supplemented with donor HM-derived fortifier Prolacta + H2MF™ (H2MF), and HM supplemented with H2MF and donor HM-derived cream ProlactCR™ (cream). When using the Kangaroo ePump™, the addition of H2MF and cream to HM increased fat delivery efficiency from 75.0% ± 1.2% to 83.7% ± 1.0% (p < 0.0001). When using the MedFusion™ 2010 pump, the addition of H2MF to HM increased fat delivery efficiency from 83.2% ± 2.8% to 88.8% ± 0.8% (p < 0.05), and the addition of H2MF and cream increased fat delivery efficiency to 92.0% ± 0.3% (p < 0.01). The addition of H2MF and cream to HM provides both the benefits of bioactive elements from mother’s milk and increased fat delivery, making the addition of H2MF and cream an appropriate method to improve infant weight gain.
An Effective Peer-to-Peer Web Caching System under Dynamic Participation of Peers

SUMMARY Peer-to-peer (P2P) web caching has been studied recently as it can exploit local caches of peers for web caching without additional infrastructure. However, dynamic join/leave behaviors or local caching strategies of the peers due to their autonomy in a P2P network may limit the performance of P2P web caching. To overcome these limitations, we propose an effective directory-based P2P web caching system under dynamic participation of peers. We introduce the object lifetime in a P2P network considering the lifetimes of both an object in the local cache of a peer and a peer who owns the object, and utilize this object lifetime information for neighbor selection and storage management in the P2P web caching framework. For the neighbor selection, the proposed system utilizes the object lifetimes in selecting accurately a neighbor who would still retain the requested object and still remain in the P2P network. To improve the storage management, the proposed system uses efficiently the entire cache storage of the P2P network in such a way that the object is stored selectively in the local cache of the peer who requested it, considering the object lifetime. The trace-driven simulation results show that the proposed system has higher accuracy and fewer redirection failures than the conventional directory-based P2P web caching system in the feasible P2P network.