Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Backward Error of Polynomial Eigenvalue Problems Solved by Linearization of Lagrange Interpolants

This article considers the backward error of the solution of polynomial eigenvalue problems expressed as Lagrange interpolants. One of the most common strategies to solve polynomial eigenvalue problems is to linearize, which is to say that the polynomial eigenvalue problem is transformed into an equivalent larger linear eigenvalue problem, and solved using any appropriate eigensolver. Much of the existing literature on the backward error of polynomial eigenvalue problems focuses on polynomials expressed in the classical monomial basis. Hence, the objective of this article is to carry out the necessary extensions for polynomials expressed in the Lagrange basis. We construct one-sided factorizations that give simple expressions relating the eigenvectors of the linearization to the eigenvectors of the polynomial eigenvalue problem. Using these relations, we are able to bound the backward error of an approximate eigenpair of the polynomial eigenvalue problem relative to the backward error of an approximate ei.
Degeneration of SL(n)-bundles on a reducible curve

We constructed a projective moduli space of semistable torsion free sheaves with `fixed determinant' on a reducible curve. When a family of smooth curves degenerates to the reducible curve, our moduli space is a degeneration of the moduli spaces of semistable vector bundles with a fixed determinant on the smooth curves. Moreover, the moduli space is reduced and seminormal.
ME R-CNN: Multi-Expert Region-based CNN for Object Detection

Recent CNN-based object detection methods have drastically improved their performances but still use a single classifier as opposed to "multiple experts" in categorizing objects. The main motivation of introducing multi-experts is twofold: i) to allow different experts to specialize in different fundamental object shape priors and ii) to better capture the appearance variations caused by different poses and viewing angles. The proposed approach, referred to as multi-expert Region-based CNN (ME R-CNN), consists of three experts each responsible for objects with particular shapes: horizontally elongated, square-like, and vertically elongated. Each expert is a network with multiple fully connected layers and all the experts are preceded by a shared network which consists of multiple convolutional layers. On top of using selective search which provides a compact, yet effective set of region of interests (RoIs) for object detection, we augmented the set by also employing the exhaustive search for training. Incorporating the exhaustive search can provide complementary advantages: i) it captures the multitude of neighboring RoIs missed by the selective search, and thus ii) provide significantly larger amount of training examples to achieve the enhanced accuracy.
Gasoline Blending Scheduling Based on Uncertainty

Blending is an important unit operation in process industry. Gasoline blending scheduling is nonlinear optimization problem with constraints. It is difficult to obtain optimum solution by other general optimization methods. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed for nonlinear optimization problems with both continuous and discrete variables. In order to obtain a global optimum solution quickly, PSO algorithm is applied to solve the problem of blending scheduling under uncertainty. The calculation results illustrate that the PSO algorithm is valid and effective for the gasoline blending scheduling problem under uncertainty.
“It’s about politics, stupid!”: Common understandings of interpersonal political communication

Abstract For the general public and for scientists, interpersonal political communication is highly important; however, surveys based on self-reports often lack satisfactory validity and reliability, because political talk is embedded in everyday conversations and thus hard to remember. Furthermore, different people are likely to ascribe different meanings to the term ‘politics’. The present paper aims to further our understanding of what people perceive or do not perceive as political. To determine the factors influencing the general public’s understanding of politics, we conducted a representative telephone survey among 804 citizens of a German city. The findings indicate that people’s classification of conversations as political is determined by the characteristics of the discussed issues. Furthermore, some respondents did not mention all conversations that might influence their political opinions and behavior. Nonetheless, the matter might be relevant for research when people are asked about their political conversation behavior.
β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Normalizes Dexamethasone-Induced Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in Skeletal Muscle

Dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy is due to an increase in protein breakdown and a decrease in protein synthesis, associated with an over-stimulation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. These effects are mediated by alterations in IGF-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling. In this study, we have investigated the effects of β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the regulation of autophagy and proteosomal systems. Rats were treated during 21 days with dexamethasone as a model of muscle atrophy. Co-administration of HMB attenuated the effects promoted by dexamethasone. HMB ameliorated the loss in body weight, lean mass and the reduction of the muscle fiber cross-sectional area (shrinkage) in gastrocnemius muscle. Consequently, HMB produced an improvement in muscle strength in the dexamethasone-treated rats. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects, rat L6 myotubes were used. In these cells, HMB significantly attenuated lysosomal proteolysis induced by dexamethasone by normalizing the changes observed in autophagosome formation, LC3 II, p62 and Bnip3 expression after dexamethasone treatment. HMB effects were mediated by an increase in FoxO3a phosphorylation and concomitant decrease in FoxO transcriptional activity. The HMB effect was due to the restoration of Akt signaling diminished by dexamethasone treatment. Moreover, HMB was also involved in the regulation of the activity of ubiquitin and expression of MurF1 and Atrogin-1, components of the proteasome system that are activated or up-regulated by dexamethasone. In conclusion, in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that HMB exerts protective effects against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy by normalizing the Akt/FoxO axis that controls autophagy and ubiquitin proteolysis.
High-order Techniques for Calculating Surface Tension Forces

In this paper we develop further the " height fraction " technique for computing curvature directly from volume fractions. In particular we, (1) develop a systematic approach for calculating curvature from volume fractions which is accurate to any order, and (2) we test the second-order " height fraction " technique on the following two-phase problems: (1) the break-up of a cylindrical column of liquid due to Rayleigh-capillary instability, (2) surface tension induced droplet oscillations and (3) the steady motion of gas bubbles rising in liquid.
Rab3 Superprimes Synaptic Vesicles for Release: Implications for Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity

Presynaptic vesicle trafficking and priming are important steps in regulating synaptic transmission and plasticity. The four closely related small GTP-binding proteins Rab3A, Rab3B, Rab3C, and Rab3D are believed to be important for these steps. In mice, the complete absence of all Rab3s leads to perinatal lethality accompanied by a 30% reduction of probability of Ca2+-triggered synaptic release. This study examines the role of Rab3 during Ca2+-triggered release in more detail and identifies its impact on short-term plasticity. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology of autaptic neuronal cultures from Rab3-deficient mouse hippocampus, we show that excitatory Rab3-deficient neurons display unique time- and frequency-dependent short-term plasticity characteristics in response to spike trains. Analysis of vesicle release and repriming kinetics as well as Ca2+ sensitivity of release indicate that Rab3 acts on a subset of primed, fusion competent vesicles. They lower the amount of Ca2+ required for action potential-triggered release, which leads to a boosting of release probability, but their action also introduces a significant delay in the supply of these modified vesicles. As a result, Rab3-induced modifications to primed vesicles causes a transient increase in the transduction efficacy of synaptic action potential trains and optimizes the encoding of synaptic information at an intermediate spike frequency range.
SHARED DESIGN SPACE

Co-located tabletops are seen as an important means of immediate physical collaboration, particular for activities that involve modifying physical dimensions such as design or surgery. This submission is about promoting an integrated consideration of user actions, both in the sense of empirical observation of collaborative practice for technical options, and of conceptual stimulation for future practice.
Investigating the dark cyberspace: Profiling, threat-based analysis and correlation

An effective approach to gather cyber threat intelligence is to collect and analyze traffic destined to unused Internet addresses known as darknets. In this paper, we elaborate on such capability by profiling darknet data. Such information could generate indicators of cyber threat activity as well as providing in-depth understanding of the nature of its traffic. Particularly, we analyze darknet packets distribution, its used transport, network and application layer protocols and pinpoint its resolved domain names. Furthermore, we identify its IP classes and destination ports as well as geo-locate its source countries. We further investigate darknet-triggered threats. The aim is to explore darknet embedded threats and categorize their severities. Finally, we contribute by exploring the inter-correlation of such threats, by applying association rule mining techniques, to build threat association rules. Specifically, we generate clusters of threats that co-occur targeting a specific victim. Such work proves that specific darknet threats are correlated. Moreover, it provides insights about threat patterns and allows the interpretation of threat scenarios.
Open motion control: A model based development platform for rapid prototyping

In this paper, an integrated and open-architecture motion control (OMC) development environment is presented. The application is founded on a model-based technological approach which represents an effective way to focus on maximum theoretical performance in the mechatronic prototyping. In order to achieve openness flexibility, an open-architecture supported by a DSP/FPGA-based digital platform is provided.
Electrical Stimulation of the Midbrain for Hearing Restoration: Insight into the Functional Organization of the Human Central Auditory System

The cochlear implant can restore speech perception in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. However, it is ineffective for those without an implantable cochlea or a functional auditory nerve. These patients can be implanted with the auditory brainstem implant (ABI), which stimulates the surface of the cochlear nucleus. Unfortunately, the ABI has achieved limited success in its main patient group [i.e., those with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)] and requires a difficult surgical procedure. These limitations have motivated us to develop a new hearing prosthesis that stimulates the midbrain with a penetrating electrode array. We recently implanted three patients with the auditory midbrain implant (AMI), and it has proven to be safe with minimal movement over time. The AMI provides loudness, pitch, temporal, and directional cues, features that have shown to be important for speech perception and more complex sound processing. Thus far, all three patients obtain enhancements in lip reading capabilities and environmental awareness and some improvements in speech perception comparable with that of NF2 ABI patients. Considering that our midbrain target is more surgically exposable than the cochlear nucleus, this argues for the use of the AMI as an alternative to the ABI. Fortunately, we were able to stimulate different midbrain regions in our patients and investigate the functional organization of the human central auditory system. These findings provide some insight into how we may need to stimulate the midbrain to improve hearing performance with the AMI.
Does Establishing Sociopolitical Legitimacy Overcome Liabilities of Newness? A Longitudinal Analysis of Top Performers

This work builds upon an existing stream of research that seeks to empirically elucidate the role of legitimacy in helping entrepreneurs overcome liabilities of newness. More specifically, we examine the relationship between legitimating activities and performance in new ventures. We add to the empirical literature on the legitimacy/performance relation by focusing on top performing firms (on multiple performance measures) during the initial phase of the organizational life cycle. Moreover, we submit that our longitudinal sample, which includes data from nearly 5,000 new ventures, offers an important opportunity to enhance the external validity of this base of literature. Interestingly, we find that the value of engaging in legitimating activities depends upon the outcome measure. With regard to top line performance, and in accordance with theory and extant literature, we find that companies engaging in more legitimating activities at start-up are more likely to be top performers as they move beyond the “birth” phase. However, with regard to profitability, engaging in these activities may actually be detrimental.
Involvement of protein kinases in the potentiation of lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory mediator formation by thapsigargin in peritoneal macrophages

We have explored the regulatory roles played by Ca2+‐dependent signaling on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) release in mouse peritoneal macrophages. To elevate intracellular Ca2+, we used thapsigargin (TG) and UTP. Although LPS alone cannot stimulate NO synthesis, co‐addition with TG, which sustainably increased [Ca2+]i, resulted in NO release. UTP, via acting on P2Y6 receptors, can stimulate phosphoinositide (PI) turnover and transient [Ca2+]i increase, however, it did not possess the NO priming effect. LPS alone triggered the release of PGE2, TNF‐α, and IL‐6; all of which were potentiated by the presence of TG, but not of UTP. The stimulatory effect of LPS plus TG on NO release was inhibited by the presence of Ro 31‐8220, Go6976, KN‐93, PD 098059, or SB 203580, and abolished by BAPTA/AM and nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) inhibitor, PDTC. PGE2, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 release by LPS alone were attenuated by Ro 31‐8220, Go6976, PD 098059, SB 203580, and PDTC. Using l‐NAME, soluble TNF‐α receptor, IL‐6 antibody, NS‐398, and indomethacin, we performed experiments to understand the cross‐regulation by the four mediators. The results revealed that TNF‐α up‐regulated NO, PGE2, and IL‐6 synthesis; PGE2 up‐regulated NO, but down‐regulated TNF‐α synthesis; and PGE2 and IL‐6 mutually up‐regulated reciprocally. Taken together, murine peritoneal macrophages required a sustained [Ca2+]i increase, which proceeds after TG, but not UTP, stimulation, to enhance LPS‐mediated release of inflammatory mediators, particularly for NO induction. Activation of PKC‐, ERK‐, and p38 MAPK‐dependent signaling also are essential for LPS action. The positive regulatory interactions among these mediators might amplify the inflammatory response caused by endotoxin.
Advanced DDoS Attacks Traffic Simulation with a Test Center Platform

DDoS attacks are one of the top security problems affecting networks and disrupting services to legitimate users. The vital step in dealing with this problem is the network’s ability to detect such attacks. To train and analyze countermeasures, researchers typically simulate the DDoS attacks traffic by either the specialized simulator (i.e. software, hardware) or the comprehensive testbed. This paper proposes the advanced implementations of a special simulatorbased simulation with Spirent Test Center platform, to simulate DDoS attacks traffic with/without simulated practical network traffic routing mechanisms.
On Min-Cut Algorithms for Half-Duplex Relay Networks

Computing the cut-set bound in half-duplex relay networks is a challenging optimization problem, since it requires finding the cut-set optimal half-duplex schedule. This subproblem in general involves an exponential number of variables, since the number of ways to assign each node to either transmitter or receiver mode is exponential in the number of nodes. We present a general technique that takes advantage of specific structures in the topology of a given network and allows us to reduce the complexity of computing the half-duplex schedule that maximizes the cut-set bound (with i.i.d. input distribution). In certain classes of network topologies, our approach yields polynomial time algorithms. We use simulations to show running time improvements over alternative methods and compare the performance of various half-duplex scheduling approaches in different SNR regimes.
A novel approach for iris recognition

In comparison with other biometric traits, iris recognition systems have many advantages. Iris is a protected internal organ whose random texture is stable throughout life, it can serve as a kind of living password that one need not remember but one always carries along. Since the degree of freedom of iris textures is extremely high, the probability of finding two identical irises is close to zero, and it cannot be tampered easily, therefore the iris recognition systems are very reliable. The iris recognition technique consists of iris localization, normalization, encoding and comparison. The methodology proposed here is fast, effective and exact using various approaches developed in NI vision builder. The eye image is preprocessed in order to extract iris which highlights the unique features. The proposed algorithms helps to take advantage of extracting unique iris features of every individual and the highlighted features of iris is compared with the template in database to identify or verify individual. The overall performance of the algorithms for iris recognition is verified and it shows far better results in terms of timing parameters, false acceptance ratio and false rejection ratio. The developed algorithms take cares of various practical aspects of an iris recognition system.
An LFG-type Grammar for German Based on the Topological Model

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. An LFG-type Grammar for German Based on the Topological Model Sylvain Kahane
Fault Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Control for Multi-Sensor of Fuel Cell System Using Two-level Neural Networks

Sensors are critical for the monitoring and real-time control of fuel cell system, according to the reliability requirements of multi-sensor of 60kW automotive fuel cell system designed by our group, a two-level neural networks based fault diagnosis method is put forward in this paper. The two-level neural networks include a main net and five sub nets which are corresponding to inlet hydrogen pressure sensor, inlet air pressure sensor, outlet temperature sensor, output voltage sensor and output current sensor, and they are trained with 2100 different groups of normal data of the five sensors stated above from time t-1 to t-3 with LM algorithm. In the faults detection of these sensors, we set the threshold errors of the main net and the five sub nets at 0.005 and 0.05 respectively, when the errors of both main net and a certain sub net exceed the threshold values set, the fault of sensor corresponding to the certain sub net is detected, then its output signal is replaced by the sampled value of the former time and updated into the two-level neural networks accordingly. Finally, taking output current sensor for instance, the simulation results are presented, which validates that the approach adopted can facilitate the real-time fault detection and active fault-tolerant control for multi-sensor of automotive fuel cell system.
Schooling in suburbia: the intersections of race, class, gender, and place in black fathers’ engagement and family–school relationships

ABSTRACT Few studies have explored the engagement of fathers in children’s schooling. Understanding the role that black fathers, in particular, play in their children’s education is both important and timely given the persistent opportunity gaps faced by many black students in the US and the influential role that black fathers can play in their children’s academic success. This paper thus explores the experiences and educational engagement strategies of a socioeconomically mixed sample of 16 black fathers in a predominantly white suburb in the US. The research findings challenge dominant portrayals of black fathers as largely absent or uninvolved in their children’s education, and illustrate the importance of understanding the intersections of race, class, gender, and place in studies of parents’ engagement.
QCD sum rule calculation for the tensor charge of the nucleon.

The nucleon{close_quote}s tensor charges (isovector {ital g}{sup {ital v}}{sub {ital T}}={delta}{ital u}{minus}{delta}{ital d} and isoscalar {ital g}{sup {ital s}}{sub {ital T}}={delta}{ital u}+{delta}{ital d}) are calculated using the QCD sum rules in the presence of an external tensor field. In addition to the standard quark and gluon condensates, new condensates described by vacuum susceptibilities are induced by the external field. The latter contributions to {ital g}{sup {ital v}}{sub {ital T}} and {ital g}{sup {ital s}}{sub {ital T}} are estimated to be small. After deriving some simplifying formulas, a detailed sum rule analysis yields {ital g}{sup {ital v}}{sub {ital T}}=1.29{plus_minus}0.51 and {ital g}{sup {ital s}}{sub {ital T}}=1.37{plus_minus}0.55, or {delta}{ital u}=1.33{plus_minus}0.53 and {delta}{ital d}=0.04{plus_minus}0.02 at the scale of 1 GeV{sup 2}. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }