Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surface impedance of TI-22 12 THz- frequencies thin films at

We report on first measurements of the surface resistance and the London penetration depth of TI2Ba2CaCu208 thin films in the frequency range from 200 GHz to 1.0 THz at temperatures from 25 to 268 K carried out by time-domain Terahertz transmission spectroscopy. We observe in the superconducting state an increase of the surface resistance with the square of the frequency up to 0.9THz at 77K and above. At 78K and 0.9 THz the surface resistance is 1.6 a. Below 77K the surface resistance increases with the cube of the frequency. Finally, the surface resistance of Tl~Ba~CaCu208 is compared to that of YBa2Cu306.95 and gold.
Phonetic string matching: lessons from information retrieval

Phonetic matching is used in applications such as name retrieval, where the spelling of a name is used to identify other strings that are likely to be of similar pronunciation. In this paper we explain the parallels between information retrieval and phonetic matching, and describe our new phonetic matching techniques. Our experimental comparison with existing techniques such as Soundex and edit distances, which is based on recall and precision, demonstrates that the new techniques are superior. In addition, reasoning from the similarity of phonetic matching and information retrieval, we have applied combination of evidence to phonetic matching. Our experiments with combining demonstrate that it leads to substantial improvements in effectiveness.
Measurement and Analysis of Single and Multiple Finger Tapping in Normal and Parkinsonian Subjects STEVEN

A four-finger tapping sensor and associated software have been developed for the investigation of timing and rhythm performance and mechanisms in normal subjects and their disruption in neurological disorders. The tapping sensor comprises four electronic touch pads and pacing lights. A personal computer (PC) is used to control visual and auditory pacing, record the time and pad of each tap, and carry out several performance analyses including graphing, phasespace plots, calculation of spectra and autocorrelations, filtering and descriptive statistical analysis. A study was conducted to investigate disruptions of timing and rhythm in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). Seven Parkinsonian and ten control subjects undertook paced and unpaced finger tapping tests. The hastening phenomenon--tapping asynchronously at a speed faster than the pacingmwas seen with similar occurrence in both normal and PD subjects and appears to be due to perceptual difficulties. No evidence was seen of an increased variability of tapping at particular frequencies, contrary to previous reports. Festinated tapping, in which subjects cycled between acceleration to near-maximum speed and abrupt slowing down, was seen only in PD subjects. As none of these subjects showed significant hastening, it appears that hastening and festination are unrelated phenomena. Inspection of variations of finger tapping intervals gave no evidence for the presence of deterministic chaos in the control of rhythmic tapping. In speed tests performed with and without a weight attached to the finger, it was found that, for reasons which remain unclear, normal subjects increased their maximum tapping speed with the weight attached.
Evaluation of Structural Properties for Business Processes

An address sign, especially for houses and other buildings, is provided with full time lighting so that the sign is easily readable under both day time and night time conditions from long distances. The lighted sign also provides low intensity illumination in a localized area such as a house entrance. The sign comprises a back plate and a translucent box-like cover having a length about four times greater than its width. A plurality of at least four miniature lamps are disposed on the back plate along the center line of the cover with certain spacing from each other and the front and side panels of the cover to provide uniform illumination of the cover. Opaque numbers are secured to the front panel of the cover and are preferably black to provide high contrast for easy day time and night time reading. The lamps are energized from a door bell transformer and are connected in series so that the voltage on each lamp is substantially below the rated voltage to provide an expected life much greater than the normal life expectancy.
VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF AN ENGINE MOUNT

Nowadays, the highly competitive automotive business industry requires manufacturers to pay more attention to passenger comfort and riding quality. This has forced designers to direct their attention to the development of high quality engine mounting devices, with traditional physical prototyping and testing being gradually replaced by virtual prototyping and numerical simulations. Following this trend, this article presents the work that has been done in order to create a finite element model of an available automotive elastomeric engine mount so that a deeper understanding on the dynamics of these components can be obtained to form a basis for improved design and development of future mounts. In this work, special attention is given to the accurate modelling of nonlinear effects on the static behaviour of the mount with a comparison being performed between experimental and numerical tests. Based on the finite element model created, the mount’s frequency response function curves are determined and multi-dimensional effects in the mount’s response are observed. Also, the mount’s time dependent response to step-like moderate amplitude loads is obtained. The overall results indicate that the modelled mount has an acceptable performance in both isolating engine induced vibration and suppressing high amplitude engine shake movement. Finally, some remarks are made about the use of parallel associated rubbers and nonlinear dynamic properties as a mean for improving the mount’s dynamic behaviour.
5D-ODETLAP: A NOVEL FIVE-DIMENSIONAL COMPRESSION METHOD ON TIME-VARYING MULTIVARIABLE GEOSPATIAL DATASET

A five dimensional (5D) geospatial dataset consists of several multivariable 4D datasets, which are sequences of time-varying volumetric 3D geographical datasets. These datasets are typically very large in size and demand a great amount of resources for storage and transmission. In this paper, we present a lossy compression technique for 5D geospatial data as a whole, instead of applying 3D compression method on each 3D slice of the 5D dataset. Our lossy compression technique efficiently exploits spatial and temporal similarities between 2D data slices and 3D volumes in 4D oceanographic datasets. 5D-ODETLAP, which is an extension of, but essentially different from, the Laplacian partial differential equation, solves a sparse overdetermined system of equations to compute data at each point in (x,y,z,t,v) space from the data given at a representative set of points. 5D-ODETLAP is not restricted to certain types of datasets. For different datasets, it has the flexibility to approximate each one according to their respective data distributions by using suitable parameters. The final approximation is further compressed using Run Length Encoding. We use different datasets and metrics to test 5D-ODETLAP, and performance evaluations have shown that the proposed compression technique outperforms current 3D-SPIHT method on our selected datasets, from the World Ocean Atlas 2005. Having about the same mean percentage error, 5D-ODETLAP’s compression result produces much smaller maximum error than 3D-SPIHT. A user-defined mean or maximum error can be set to obtain desired compression in the proposed method, while not in 3D-SPIHT.
From Passages into Elements in XML Retrieval

Trotman and Geva [8] suggest that XML retrieval must move from element-based to passage-based because human assessors see passages when judging relevance. Since the current XML retrieval evaluation involves returning XML elements, they suggest ways to convert passage retrieval results into XML elements. In this paper, we implemented one of their algorithms and argue that the algorithm returns a lot of excessive text. We also implemented an element-based XML retrieval algorithm and analyze why it works better, linking its behavior to the other algorithm of Trotman and Geva. We finally compare the results of these two implemented algorithms to a gold standard obtained by passage retrieval to compare the excess and the lack of text in the result sets. We conclude the paper by suggesting a better way to represent results of XML retrieval.
Simulating Cyber-Physical Energy Systems: Challenges, Tools and Methods

The energy system of the future is expected to be composed of a large variety of technologies and applications. However, the diverse nature of these components, their interlinked topology, and the sheer size of the system lead to an unprecedented level of complexity. Industry is confronted with severe problems in designing interoperable grid components, analyzing system stability, and improving efficiency. This paper describes the main challenges of continuous time-based and discrete event-based models of such cyber-physical energy systems. Using a characteristic test model, the scalability of the two approaches is analyzed. The results show the strengths and weaknesses of these two fundamentally different modeling principles that need to be considered when working with large scale cyber-physical energy systems.
Quantum process tomography with coherent states

We have developed an enhanced technique for characterizing quantum optical processes based on probing unknown quantum processes only with coherent states. Our method substantially improves the original proposal (Lobino et al 2008 Science 322 563), which uses a filtered Glauber–Sudarshan decomposition to determine the effect of the process on an arbitrary state. We introduce a new relation between the action of a general quantum process on coherent state inputs and its action on an arbitrary quantum state. This relation eliminates the need to invoke the Glauber–Sudarshan representation for states; hence, it dramatically simplifies the task of process identification and removes a potential source of error. The new relation also enables straightforward extensions of the method to multi-mode and non-trace-preserving processes. We illustrate our formalism with several examples, in which we derive analytic representations of several fundamental quantum optical processes in the Fock basis. In particular, we introduce photon-number cutoff as a reasonable physical resource limitation and address resource versus accuracy trade-off in practical applications. We show that the accuracy of process estimation scales inversely with the square root of photon-number cutoff.
Exploring the interaction between roundworms and whipworms by analysing re-infection data from Bangladesh and South India

1. General Introduction 1.1. The lifecycles of Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides 1.2. Morbidity and burden of disease 1.3. Epidemiology and age profiles of infection 1.4. Predisposition and susceptibility to infection 1.5. Immunological responses and the peak shift hypothesis 1.6. Treatment and control 1.7. Helminth frequency distributions 1.8. Density dependence in helminth species 2. Project objectives, rationale and hypotheses 3. Study designs and data sets 4. The epidemiology of roundworms and whipworms in Bangladesh and South India 4.1. Methods 4.2. Results and Discussion 4.2. 1. Age-prevalence profiles Bangladesh South India 4.2. 2. Age-intensity profiles Bangladesh South India 4.2. 3. Seasonality and re-infection Bangladesh South India 5. The interaction between roundworms and whipworms in Bangladesh and South India 5.1. Hypothesis 5.2. Models and Methods 5.3. Results and Discussion Bangladesh South India 6. General Discussion
Vector within‐host feeding preference mediates transmission of a heterogeneously distributed pathogen

1. Ecological theory predicts that vector preference for certain host species or discrimination between infected versus uninfected hosts impacts disease incidence. However, little information exists on the extent to which vector within‐host feeding preference mediates transmission. This may be particularly important for plant pathogens, such as sharpshooter transmission of the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, which are distributed irregularly throughout hosts.
Stress and Heart Rate Variability

Do people get accustomed to stress? Do people react differently to a stressful environment when they have experienced the situation earlier? This paper reports research to determine whether the above is a myth. It reports the measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) of people when subjected to controlled stress conditions and these conditions are repeated over different days. The results indicate that while there is a large variability between different participants, there is a consistent reduction in the heart rate variability from the first experience of the stress condition to the subsequent applications of similar stress conditions.
A least-voltage drop high output resistance current source for neural stimulation

This paper presents a feedback technique to increase the output resistance of a MOS current mirror circuit that requires only one effective drain-source voltage drop. The proposed circuit requires a few additional current braches to form two feedback loops. With its compact structure, the proposed circuit is suitable as a current generator for neural stimulation. Simulation results, using 0.35 μm AMIS I3T25 technology, show that the proposed current generator, applied for bi-phasic stimulation, can convey more charge to a series resistive-capacitive load compared to the widely use low-voltage cascode current source.
Angiographic Demonstration of Neoangiogenesis after Intra-arterial Infusion of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells in Diabetic Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia

Critical limb ischemia in diabetic patients is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Suboptimal responses to the available medical and surgical treatments are common in these patients, who also demonstrate limited vascular homeostasis. Neovasculogenesis induced by stem cell therapy could be a useful approach for these patients. Neovasculogenesis and clinical improvement were compared at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BMMNC) transplantation in diabetic patients with peripheral artery disease. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial administration of autologous BMMNCs (100–400 × 106 cells) in 20 diabetic patients with severe below-the-knee arterial ischemia. Although the time course of clinical effects differed among patients, after 12 months of follow-up all patients presented a notable improvement in the Rutherford-Becker classification, the University of Texas diabetic wound scales, and the Ankle-Brachial Index in the target limb. The clinical outcome was consistent with neovasculogenesis, which was assessed at 3 months by digital subtraction angiography and quantified by MetaMorph software. Unfortunately, local cell therapy in the target limb had no beneficial effect on the high mortality rate in these patients. In diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia, intra-arterial perfusion of BMMNCs is a safe procedure that generates a significant increase in the vascular network in ischemic areas and promotes remarkable clinical improvement.
Position Estimation Using the Image Derivative

This article describes an image processing algorithm to identify the size and shape of a spherical reflecting celestial body prominently depicted in images taken from a spacecraft with an optical camera, with the purpose of estimating the relative distance between target and observer in magnitude and direction. The approach is based on the fact that in such images, the pixels belonging to the target’s hard edge have the highest values of the image derivative; therefore, they are easily recognizable when the image is processed with a gradient filter. Eventual extraneous points polluting the dataset (outliers) are eliminated by two methods applied in sequence. The target center and radius are estimated by non-linear least squares using circular sigmoid functions. The proposed image processing has been applied to real and synthetic Moon images. An error analysis is also performed to determine the performance of the proposed method.
QoS scheduling for multimedia traffic in packet data cellular networks

CDMA data networks such as cdma2000 1x EVDO are proposed in the midst of evolving to the 3rd generation wireless networks. Basically they use time division multiplexing and rate control that need a downlink scheduling to increase the system capacity, thereby being able to support high speed data rates. As the systems will eventually support multimedia and data traffic together, we need to have a propose criterion for scheduling that can count various service requirements such as delay and loss. Therefore, we visit the concept of utility and opportunity cost considering these together. The opportunity cost is defined as the maximum utility lost among the other users by giving the current turn to a particular user. We design an algorithm to select a job for transmission with the maximum profit that is obtained by subtracting the opportunity cost form its expected utility. The simulation results show that it can support various QoS levels in terms of delay and loss for various traffic scenarios.
An Online Learning Collaboratory to Address Multidisciplinary Learning Challenges at Scale

“Ensuring inclusive and quality education for all to promote lifelong learning” is among the United Nations’ global time-critical sustainable development challenges. Massive open online courses and other online learning systems can potentially address this challenge by fostering high quality online learning at scale. However, online learning introduces complex challenges that involve multiple disciplines, varied learning contexts, and diverse learner backgrounds. There are plenty of research initiatives that try to address this problem, but they are fragmented efforts that could benefit from a community effort. We propose an online learning collaboratory framework to leverage and connect ongoing research efforts. In this paper, we propose four objectives for the online learning collaboratory and discuss existing work aligned with such objectives, which are: evaluation and refinement of instructional designs, interdisciplinary communication through design patterns, design pattern implementation, and bridging communities of practice. The collaboratory should bridge different communities through design patterns and connect datadriven practices and tools to address multidisciplinary learning challenges at scale.
Distributed medical imaging applications using Java technology

Advances in Internet technologies have opened up new opportunities in relation to medical image interpretation. This task can be accomplished outside the hospital using distributed medical imaging applications. In this paper, a Java-based distributed medical imaging application is presented. This application is able to access to a remote medical image dataset via a network and provide the necessary interpretation functions, such as windowing and fly-through visualisations. Experimental results show that this Java-based medical imaging application has the ability to provide comprehensive functionality for radiology interpretation as well as a high level of user friendliness. Thus demonstrating Java is a suitable tool for developing distributed medical imaging applications.
Impact of the Canonical Wnt Pathway Activation on the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngiomas

Abstract CTNNB1 mutations and abnormal β-catenin distribution are associated with the pathogenesis of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (aCP). We evaluated the expression of the canonical Wnt pathway components in aCPs and its association with CTNNB1 mutations and tumor progression. Tumor samples from 14 aCP patients and normal anterior pituitary samples from eight individuals without pituitary disease were studied. Gene expression of Wnt pathway activator (WNT4), inhibitors (SFRP1, DKK3, AXIN1, and APC), transcriptional activator (TCF7), target genes (MYC, WISP2, and, CDH1), and Wnt modulator (TP53) was evaluated by qPCR. β-Catenin, MYC, and WISP2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The transcription levels of all genes studied, except APC, were higher in aCPs as compared to controls and TCF7 mRNA levels correlated with CTNNB1 mutation. CDH1 mRNA was overexpressed in tumor samples of patients with disease progression in comparison to those with stable disease. β-Catenin was positive and aberrantly distributed in 11 out of 14 tumor samples. Stronger β-catenin immunostaining associated positively with tumor progression. MYC positive staining was found in 10 out of 14 cases, whereas all aCPs were negative for WISP2. Wnt pathway genes were overexpressed in aCPs harboring CTNNB1 mutations and in patients with progressive disease. Recurrence was associated with stronger staining for β-catenin. These data suggest that Wnt pathway activation contributes to the pathogenesis and prognosis of aCPs.
Effect of tool velocity ratio on tensile properties of friction stir processed aluminum based metal matrix composites

Abstract In friction stir processing (FSP), tool rotational speed (TRS) and tool traverse speed (TTS) are the two important parameters, known to produce significant changes in the properties of the processed material. Increasing the TRS and TTS beyond a certain level would produce undesirable results. The heat generation will increase with an increase in the TRS and decrease in TTS. Excessive heat generation results in the formation of coarse grains exhibiting poor mechanical properties. The heat generation will decrease with decrease in the TRS and increase in TTS. Low heat generation will lead to inadequate plasticization and improper material flow. Hence a perfect combination of TRS and TTS is required to attain desirable properties in FSPed material. In this investigation FSP was carried out on aluminum based metal matrix composite (LM25AA+5%SiCp) material using five different tool velocity ratios (TVR: TRS/TTS). The FSP was subjected to microstructural characterization and tensile properties, evaluation. The results revealed that the TVR of 2.6 yielded superior tensile properties compared to other conditions.