Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Supplementation of β-Mannanase in Corn-soybean Meal Diets on Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Growing Pigs

A total of 288 crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) growing pigs were used in two experiments to investigate the effects of adding β-mannanase to corn-soybean meal-based diets on pig performance and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD). Both experiments lasted 28 d and were split into two phases namely 1 to 14 days (phase 1) and 15 to 28 days (phase 2). In Exp. 1,144 pigs weighing 23.60±1.59 kg BW were assigned to one of four corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 0, 200, 400 or 600 U/kg β-mannanase. Increasing the level of β-mannanase increased weight gain (quadratic effect; p<0.01) and feed efficiency (linear and quadratic effect; p<0.01) during the second phase and the overall experiment. However, performance was unaffected (p>0.05) by treatment during phase 1. Increasing the amount of β-mannanase in the diet improved (linear and quadratic effect; p<0.05) the ATTD of CP, NDF, ADF, calcium, and phosphorus during both phases. Based on the results of Exp. 1, the optimal supplementation level was determined to be 400 U/kg and this was the level that was applied in Exp. 2. In Exp. 2, 144 pigs weighing 23.50±1.86 kg BW were fed diets containing 0 or 400 U/kg of β-mannanase and 3,250 or 3,400 kcal/kg digestible energy (DE) in a 2×2 factorial design. β-Mannanase supplementation increased (p<0.01) weight gain and feed efficiency while the higher energy content increased (p<0.01) feed intake and feed efficiency during both phases and overall. Increased energy content and β-mannanase supplementation both increased (p<0.05) the ATTD of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, phosphorus, and GE during both phases. There were no significant interactions between energy level and β-mannanase for any performance or digestibility parameter. In conclusion, the β-mannanase used in the present experiment improved the performance of growing pigs fed diets based on corn and soybean. The mechanism through which the improvements were obtained appears to be related to improvements in ATTD.
BMEY as a fisheries management target

This paper evaluates the implications of managing fisheries to achieve a BMEY target, or a biomass level that maximizes net economic returns in the fishery, and discusses the role of private ownership and the trade-offs between economic and conservation benefits in this setting. The paper shows how a BMEY target can be used to: (i) determine relative employment and profitability measures; (ii) account for both the harvesting and processing sectors; and (iii) incorporate the interests of consumers and producers of fish. The profits‐employment trade-off of adopting a BMEY target vs. a traditional BMSY target is calculated using a model and data from the Western and Central Pacific tuna fisheries (WCPTF), while a generic bioeconomic model is constructed to show numerical values of BMEY from including processing and/or retail sectors and the consumer benefits of harvesting fish. For the WCPTF, results show that the long-term gains per job lost from pursuing a BMEY target are worth several times the value of the average GDP per capita of Pacific Island Countries. The generic bioeconomic model shows that including a processing and/or retail sector, as well as measures of consumer benefit, lowers the BMEY target. However, there remains a broad range of parameter values for which BMEY is still greater than biomass at maximum sustainable yield, or BMSY. The paper also illustrates cases where BMEY >B MSY at different values of the price elasticity of demand, margins for processing and/or retail sectors and values of the discount rate.
Iterative multiple sequence labeling with classifier combination

Traditional pipeline approach causes error propagation and cannot share information among multiple tasks. In this paper, we proposed an iterative approach for sequence labeling problems with classifier combination. The approach is beneficial for both cascaded tasks and multiple separate tasks. We discuss feature selection strategy to increase diversity and obtain better oracle for classifier combination. An averaged perceptron algorithm is used as the strategy of classifier combination. Experimental results on POS tagging and chunking problem show that our approach outperforms pipeline, tag combination, and other classifier combination approaches.
A RESTful approach: clean UPnP without SOAP

UPnP is middleware designed for network "plug and play". It uses technologies developed specifically for UPnP but also borrows technologies such as SOAP from Web services for remote procedure calls. SOAP has been criticised as inappropriate for Web systems and this paper shows that these criticisms are equally applicable for UPnP. It shows how mechanisms built on REST principles can produce smaller, faster and simpler UPnP systems.
Importance of Software Metrics to Quantify of Software Design and Source Code Quality

The vital role of software process improvement is ability to measure the current state of system process and establishing improvement priorities. In addition, the focus on process improvement has increased the demand for software measures, or metrics with which to manage the software process. The need for such metrics is particularly acute when an organization is adopting new technologies and establishing best practices for the organization. This paper mainly addresses the needs of development and implementation of a new suite of metrics for OO design. Metrics developed based on literature survey, while contributing the software development processes, having serious criticisms, which includes the lack of a theoretical base this suggests that software metrics need to be constructed with a stronger degree of theoretical and mathematical rigor. Given the extant software metrics literature, this paper has a three fold agenda: 1) To propose metrics that are constructed with a firm basis in theoretical concepts in measurement and the ontology of objects, and which incorporate the experiences of professional software developers; 2) Evaluate the proposed metrics against established criteria for validity 3) Present empirical data from commercial projects to illustrate the characteristics of these metrics on real applications, and suggest ways in which these metrics may be used.
CUNI NMT System for WAT 2017 Translation Tasks

The paper presents this year’s CUNI submissions to the WAT 2017 Translation Task focusing on the Japanese-English translation, namely Scientific papers subtask, Patents subtask and Newswire subtask. We compare two neural network architectures, the standard sequence-to-sequence with attention (Seq2Seq) and an architecture using convolutional sentence encoder (FBConv2Seq), both implemented in the NMT framework Neural Monkey that we currently participate in developing. We also compare various types of preprocessing of the source Japanese sentences and their impact on the overall results. Furthermore, we include the results of our experiments with out-of-domain data obtained by combining the corpora provided for each subtask.
Anti‐ulcer Activity of a Slow‐release Zinc Complex, Zinc Monoglycerolate (Glyzinc)

Abstract— A slow‐release zinc complex, zinc monoglycerolate (ZMG) was examined for its potential gastroprotective activity in various gastric ulcer models. These models comprised (a) oral or parenteral nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) given to rats whose gastrointestinal mucosa was pre‐sensitized by prior development of arthritis, oleyl alcohol‐induced inflammation and cold exposure, (b) oral ethanol (12·5−100%) with and without added 4% HCl, (c) intraperitoneal reserpine (5 mg kg−1) in arthritic and normal rats and in normal mice, (d) oral NSAIDs given to mice in which acid and pepsin production was stimulated by co‐administration of intraperitoneal bethanechol chloride (5 mg kg−1) to enhance ulcer development, and (e) NSAIDs given to carrageenan‐inflamed rats to determine effects of ZMG on paw inflammation. In these models, ZMG given orally was effective in preventing development of gastric lesions, except with propionic acid NSAIDs; the effective doses being apparently dependent on the severity of the mucosal injury. In many of the models ZMG was superior to zinc sulphate and other zinc salts or metal ion complexes investigated but was slightly more effective or equipotent compared with zinc acexamate. ZMG did not impair the anti‐oedemic effects of NSAIDs. ZMG is thus an effective agent in preventing ulcer development in a wide range of model systems and may be more effective than zinc salts because of the controlled slow‐release of zinc from the complex.
CAMPOUT: a control architecture for tightly coupled coordination of multirobot systems for planetary surface exploration

Exploration of high risk terrain areas such as cliff faces and site construction operations by autonomous robotic systems on Mars requires a control architecture that is able to autonomously adapt to uncertainties in knowledge of the environment. We report on the development of a software/hardware framework for cooperating multiple robots performing such tightly coordinated tasks. This work builds on our earlier research into autonomous planetary rovers and robot arms. Here, we seek to closely coordinate the mobility and manipulation of multiple robots to perform examples of a cliff traverse for science data acquisition, and site construction operations including grasping, hoisting, and transport of extended objects such as large array sensors over natural, unpredictable terrain. In support of this work we have developed an enabling distributed control architecture called control architecture for multirobot planetary outposts (CAMPOUT) wherein integrated multirobot mobility and control mechanisms are derived as group compositions and coordination of more basic behaviors under a task-level multiagent planner. CAMPOUT includes the necessary group behaviors and communication mechanisms for coordinated/cooperative control of heterogeneous robotic platforms. In this paper, we describe CAMPOUT, and its application to ongoing physical experiments with multirobot systems at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA, for exploration of cliff faces and deployment of extended payloads.
A System for Inference of Spatial Context of Parkinson's Disease Patients

This work proposes a concept for indoor ambulatory monitoring for Parkinson's disease patients. In the proposed concept, a wearable inertial sensor is kept as the main monitoring device through the day, and it is expanded by an ambient sensor system in the specific living areas with high estimated probability of occurrence of freezing of gait episode. The ambient sensor system supports decisions of the wearable sensor system by providing relevant spatial context information of the user, which is obtained through precise localization.
Information Parallax

ing from Variation The similarity relations on intensional and extensional objects may be seen as a mechanism dealing with the variation that is offered by the underlying description mechanism. In this subsection we abstract from these variations. It is easily verified that the restriction of the relation ≡i to Qpc still is an equivalence relation. Let Qc = Qpc\≡i be the corresponding set of equivalence classes. The equivalence class containing q is denoted as [q]i. The class [q]i of may be seen as the deep structure of q. The same holds for the restriction of ≡e to Dpc. The set Dc is introduced analogously, [d]e will denote equivalence class of d ∈ Dpc. The functions m: Qc → Dc and i: Dc → Qc are the generalizations of the restricted versions of match and index over equivalence classes. Let qc ∈ Dc be some equivalence class from Qpc\≡i then m (qc) is obtained by taking any q from class qc, and taking the equivalence class containing match (q). As a result of lemma 1 we have match (q) ∈ Dpc. As a consequence of lemma 2 the resulting class does not depend on the actual q taken from qc. The function i is introduced analogously: m(qc) = [match(q)]e for q ∈ qc i(dc) = [index(d)]i for d ∈ dc This brings us to a main result of this paper: Theorem 1 The functions m and i are inverse functions. Proof: 1. Assume qc ∈ Qc, and let q ∈ qc. As q ∈ Qpc, we conclude index(match(q)) ≡i q, and thus qc = [index(match(q))]i. Consequently, i(m(qc)) = qc. 2. Assume dc ∈ Dc, and let q ∈ qc. As d ∈ Dpc, we conclude match(index(d)) ≡e d, and thus dc = [match(index(d))]e. Consequently, m(i(dc)) = dc. Concepts As we are looking in a dualistic system for sharing of meaning, we concentrate on combinations of intensional and extensional objects. Symmetry in mutual meaning assignment for such combinations is a central issue in text and data mining environments. Such combinations are referred to as concepts.
Frequency of depression in patients with stroke

Introduction: Stroke is a common neurological problem and the third leading cause of death in developed countries of the world. Among survivors, over 50% develop significant disabilities including neuro-psychiatric disabilities. Post stroke depression (PSD) is a common but less reported condition among survivors. Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression in patients with stroke. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Neurology, Services Hospital, Lahore from January, 2014 to December, 2014 over a period of 1 year. A total of 100 cases having stroke minimum 1 month ago, were recruited in the study. For evidence of depression, Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) with criteria for mild, moderate, moderately sever and severe depression was used. Results: Mean age of the patients was 54.8 ± 8.1 years. In our study 63% of the patients were female while 37% patients were male. Post stroke depression was found in 35% of cases; 15% had severe depression, 8% had moderately severe, 9 % had moderate and only 3% patients had mild depression. Among these 35 patients, 22 patients (62.8%)had involvement of dominant half of brain while 13 patients (37.2%) had non-dominant half involved. Conclusion: Post stroke depression is present in significant number of post stroke patients. So it is advised to do PSD evaluation of all stroke patients for early and proper management.
Identification of Bartonella Species Directly in Clinical Specimens by PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of a 16S rRNA Gene Fragment

ABSTRACT It is now established that two species of Bartonella, namely, Bartonella henselae and B. quintana, cause bacillary angiomatosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. In addition, B. henselae causes cat scratch disease and B. quintana, B. henselae, andB. elizabethae can cause bacteremia and endocarditis in immunocompetent persons. We have developed a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism-based assay for direct detection and identification to species level of Bartonella in clinical specimens. This is accomplished by PCR amplification of Bartonella DNA using primers derived from conserved regions of the gene carrying the 16S ribosomal DNA, followed by restriction analysis usingDdeI and MseI restriction endonucleases. We amplified a Bartonella genus-specific 296-bp fragment from 25 clinical samples obtained from 25 different individuals. Restriction analysis of amplicons showed that identical patterns were seen from digestion of B. henselae and B. quintanaamplicons with DdeI, whereas a different unique pattern was seen by using the same enzyme with B. vinsonii and B. elizabethae. With MseI digestion, B. henselae and B. vinsonii gave nearly identical patterns while B. quintana and B. elizabethaegave a different pattern. By combining the restriction analysis data generated with MseI and DdeI, unique “signature” restriction patterns characteristic for each species were obtained. These patterns were useful in identifying theBartonella species associated with each tissue specimen.
The effect of test orientation training on children's achievement test scores.

A training program was developed for teaching test orientation (to) skills to disadvantaged children. The skills selected for training were: (a) use of machine-scorable answer sheets; (b) following oral and written test instructions; (c) pacing and careful use of testing time; and (d) using partial knowledge to guess wisely. In addition, training was designed to raise test-taking motivation. It was argued that TO skills such as these are logically independent of academic achievement, that the exercise of such skills affects performance on standardized academic achievement tests, and therefore that individual differences in TO skills contribute to invalidity of achievement test scores. It was hypothesized that a TO training program would bring students to a more uniform skill level and thus: (a) raise test scores overall, and ( .) increase the validity of scores. The training program was administered to 93 fourthand fifth-grade students in two innercity schools in Worcester, Massachusetts. Another 96 students served as controls. Classroom teachers conducted the training sessions. All subjects took the Vocabulary subtest of the California Achievement Tests preand post-training. Training had no effect on mean Vocabulary score, either overall or for selected subgroups. Nor was there any effect on reliability or predictive validity (against the criterion of class rank in reading achievement) of test scores. Two TO variables, number of answer-sheet
Monocytes, but not T or B cells, are the principal target cells for dengue virus (DV) infection among human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

A better understanding of the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome requires the precise identification of dengue virus (DV) permissive target cells. To examine the relative DV permissiveness among cell subsets, we inoculated unfractionated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with DV2‐16681 in the presence or absence of pooled DV‐immune human sera (PHS), and assessed infection with fluorescent dye labeled DV‐specific monoclonal antibody and cell surface markers using flow cytometry. We found significantly higher levels of DV antigen staining on DV‐infected than mock‐infected primary monocytes (3.54 ± 3.42% vs. 0.50 ± 0.38%; P = 0.001). The magnitude of infection was markedly enhanced in the presence of highly diluted PHS (10.04 ± 6.10% vs. 3.54 ± 3.42%; P = 0.015). Under identical experimental conditions, primary T or B cells were not infected either with or without the addition of PHS (0.06 ± 0.04% and 0.44 ± 0.22% for T and B cells, respectively). Furthermore, depletion of CD14+ monocytes prior to DV inoculation abrogated the detection of infected cells, and the addition of monoclonal antibodies to either FcγRI (CD64) or FcγRII (CD32) led to a 50–70% reduction in antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of DV infection. Collectively, these results provide further support to the notion that primary monocytes and FcγRs expressed on these cells may be important in the initial steps of immune enhancement observed in some patients with natural DV infection. They also demonstrate that using modern experimental technology, DV infection, and neutralization and enhancement of DV infection can be easily assessed simultaneously in multiple cell types. J. Med. Virol. 80:134–146, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Primary Care Patients' Reactions to Mental Health Screening

Objective: The authors examined whether there is empirical support for the notion that medical patients are upset by being asked questions about psychiatric disorders. Method: Six hundred and one patients attending a primary care clinic completed the SCREENER—a newly developed, brief self-administered questionnaire that surveys a broad range of psychopathology. In addition, they completed a second questionnaire that assessed their attitudes toward the SCREENER. Results: We found a high level of acceptance by patients. The questions were judged easy to answer, and they rarely aroused significant negative affect. Fewer than 2 percent of the patients judged the questions difficult to answer, and fewer than 3 percent were “very much” embarrassed, upset, annoyed, or uncomfortable with the questions. Individuals with a history of psychiatric treatment and poorer current mental health reacted more unfavorably to the questionnaire. Conclusions: From the patient's perspective, it is feasible and acceptable to use self-administered questionnaires for routine screening of psychiatric problems in primary care settings.
SIGACT news complexity theory column 48

Here is a real gift to the field from David Johnson: After a thirteen year intermission, David is restarting his NP-completeness column. His column will now appear about twice yearly in ACM Transactions on Algorithms. Welcome back David, and thanks! And for those for whom a diet of two per year wont do, meals past can be found at http://www.research. att.com/~dsj/columns.html.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 contributes to the arthritogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus.

Although enterotoxins have been implicated in disease states such as food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome, their role in infectious arthritis is not known. To study the arthritogenic properties of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), two pairs of S. aureus strains isogenic for TSST-1 production were injected intravenously into healthy Swiss mice. Mice injected with TSST-1-secreting staphylococcal strains developed more frequent and more severe arthritis than did mice inoculated with the isogenic TSST-1-deficient counterparts. Immunohistochemical analysis of arthritic joints revealed an equal number of infiltrating phagocytes in both groups; however, mice inoculated with TSST-1-producing staphylococci had significantly more (P < .01) interleukin-2 receptor-expressing cells in the inflamed synovium than did mice that received the isogenic counterpart. Thus, TSST-1 is a virulence determinant in S. aureus arthritis in mice. The precise mechanism by which this toxin contributes to the development and progression of arthritis needs further investigation.
Lowering Plasma Cholesterol Levels Halts Progression of Aortic Valve Disease in Mice

Background— Treatment of hyperlipidemia produces functional and structural improvements in atherosclerotic vessels. However, the effects of treating hyperlipidemia on the structure and function of the aortic valve have been controversial, and any effects could be confounded by pleiotropic effects of hypolipidemic treatment. The goal of this study was to determine whether reducing elevated plasma lipid levels with a “genetic switch” in Reversa mice (Ldlr−/−/Apob100/100/Mttpfl/fl/Mx1-Cre+/+) reduces oxidative stress, reduces pro-osteogenic signaling, and retards the progression of aortic valve disease. Methods and Results— After 6 months of hypercholesterolemia, Reversa mice exhibited increases in superoxide, lipid deposition, myofibroblast activation, calcium deposition, and pro-osteogenic protein expression in the aortic valve. Maximum aortic valve cusp separation, as judged by echocardiography, was not altered. During an additional 6 months of hypercholesterolemia, superoxide levels, valvular lipid deposition, and myofibroblast activation remained elevated. Furthermore, calcium deposition and pro-osteogenic gene expression became more pronounced, and the aortic cusp separation decreased from 0.85±0.04 to 0.70±0.04 mm (mean±SE; P<0.05). Rapid normalization of cholesterol levels at 6 months of age (by inducing expression of Cre recombinase) normalized aortic valve superoxide levels, decreased myofibroblast activation, reduced valvular calcium burden, suppressed pro-osteogenic signaling cascades, and prevented reductions in aortic valve cusp separation. Conclusions— Collectively, these data indicate that reducing plasma lipid levels by genetic inactivation of the mttp gene in hypercholesterolemic mice with early aortic valve disease normalizes oxidative stress, reduces pro-osteogenic signaling, and halts the progression of aortic valve stenosis.