Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine in Wound Care: A Review

ABSTRACT Telemedicine (TM) is a new, rapidly evolving area and can be of great value in the provision of healthcare to remote and rural populations. Wound healing and wound management are prime candidates for TM. The treatment of skin ulcers requires frequent assessments of local wound status and adjustment of therapy. The availability of reasonably priced photographic equipment and quick electronic transfer of high-quality digital images should make the assessment of wound status by remote experts possible. Several studies showing the feasibility and the usefulness of teleconsultations in dermatology have already been described in the literature, and high accordance for diagnosis and treatment between face-to-face visits and teleconsultations has been reported. Some used digital photographs and sent the image and clinical data via the Internet to a wound care specialist (store and forward), whereas others used a webcam (televideoconferencing). Tele–wound care offers great potential for the future in chronic wound care. By reducing the need to travel long distances to the hospital or to consult with a physician, TM decreases the costs and improves the quality of life for patients with chronic wounds, while still maintaining high standards of wound care. The intent of TM is to reduce, in a clinically equivalent way, the number of visits to a specialized clinic, but not necessarily to eliminate all visits. Further well-designed research is necessary to understand how best to deploy TM services in healthcare.
Non-linear Latent Factor Models for Revealing Structure in High-dimensional Data

Real world data is not random: The variability in the data-sets that arise in computer vision, signal processing and other areas is often highly constrained and governed by a number of degrees of freedom that is much smaller than the superficial dimensionality of the data. Unsupervised learning methods can be used to automatically discover the “true”, underlying structure in such data-sets and are therefore a central component in many systems that deal with high-dimensional data. In this thesis we develop several new approaches to modeling the low-dimensional structure in data. We introduce a new non-parametric framework for latent variable modelling, that in contrast to previous methods generalizes learned embeddings beyond the training data and its latent representatives. We show that the computational complexity for learning and applying the model is much smaller than that of existing methods, and we illustrate its applicability on several problems. We also show how we can introduce supervision signals into latent variable models using conditioning. Supervision signals make it possible to attach “meaning” to the axes of a latent representation and to untangle the factors that contribute to the variability in the data. We develop a model that uses conditional latent variables to extract rich distributed representations of image transformations, and we describe a new model for learning transformation features in structured supervised learning problems.
National Intelligence Estimates and the Failed State Index

Across 177 countries around the world, the Failed State Index, a measure of state vulnerability, was reliably negatively associated with the estimates of national intelligence. Psychometric analysis of the Failed State Index, compounded of 12 social, economic, and political indicators, suggested factorial unidimensionality of this index. The observed correspondence of higher national intelligence figures to lower state vulnerability might arise through these two macro-level variables possibly being proxies of even more pervasive historical and societal background variables that affect both.
Relation between Glasgow outcome score extended (GOSE) and the EQ-5D health status questionnaire after head injury

In this Journal Wilson et al investigated aspects of the validity of the Glasgow outcome score (GOS) and the extended form (GOSE), particularly the relation between the GOS and subjective reports of health status.1 A potentially useful relation between the GOSE, measured using a standard interview at 1 month after head injury,2 and health status assessed using the Euroqol EQ-5D is now reported. The GOS is the most widely used method to describe overall outcome after head injury.3 The EQ-5D questionnaire is a validated tool that measures health status in five …
Computational Modeling of Observational Learning Employing the motor system to learn the observed action

We describe a computational model of observational learning inspired by the overlapping cortical activations during execution and observation in primates. For this reason we implement cognitive processes that are known to participate in motor control and investigate how they can be employed during observation. Liquid State Machines are extensively used for the implementation of the model’s neural processes, due to their ability to replicate interdisciplinary biological functions. The developed simulated agent can learn to associate given objects in a scene with novel motor behaviors only by observation, by employing the same neural substrate that is used during motor execution. Keywords—observational learning, motor control, liquid state machines
Predictive stator current control for three-level voltage-source inverters with output LC-filters

In high power medium voltage drives the switching frequency of power semiconductor devices is limited because of high switching losses. These drives often consist of a three-level NPC inverter with an LC output filter to protect the motor from harmonics. Application of the filter creates a resonant circuit that may be excited for instance by switching harmonics or control transients. However, state of the art damping control methods require switching frequencies well above the filter resonance. This paper presents improvements to a predictive stator current control method which was recently proposed by the authors. The improvement consists of an optimized definition of the inverterpsilas switching transitions and a control method of the neutral point potential. The predictive stator current controller avoids the excitation of the filter resonance and enables very fast stator current control while maintaining low switching frequency. Simulation results of the proposed current control method with a 2.4 kV induction motor drive model show good dynamic and stationary performance.
High-Resolution Contrast-Enhanced, Susceptibility-Weighted MR Imaging at 3T in Patients with Brain Tumors: Correlation with Positron-Emission Tomography and Histopathologic Findings

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate susceptibility effects (SusE) in various types of brain tumors with 3T high-resolution (HR)-contrast-enhanced (CE)-susceptibility-weighted (SW)-MR imaging and to correlate SusE with positron-emission tomography (PET) and histopathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients with brain tumors, scheduled for biopsy or tumor extirpation, underwent high-field (3T) MR imaging. In all of the patients, an axial T1-spin-echo (SE) sequence and an HR-SW imaging sequence before and after IV application of a standard dose of contrast agent (MultiHance) was obtained. Seven patients preoperatively underwent PET. The frequency and formation of intralesional SusE in all of the images were evaluated and correlated with tumor grade as determined by PET and histopathology. Direct correlation of SusE and histopathologic specimens was performed in 6 patients. Contrast enhancement of the lesions was assessed in both sequences. RESULTS: High-grade lesions demonstrated either high or medium frequency of SusE in 90% of the patients. Low-grade lesions demonstrated low frequency of SusE or no SusE. Correlation between intralesional frequency of SusE and histopathologic, as well as PET, tumor grading was statistically significant. Contrast enhancement was equally visible in both SW and SE sequences. Side-to-side comparison of tumor areas with high frequency of SusE and histopathology revealed that intralesional SusE reflected conglomerates of increased tumor microvascularity. CONCLUSIONS: 3T HR-CE-SW-MR imaging shows both intratumoral SusE not visible with standard MR imaging and contrast enhancement visible with standard MR imaging. Because frequency of intratumoral SusE correlates with tumor grade as determined by PET and histopathology, this novel technique is a promising tool for noninvasive differentiation of low-grade from high-grade brain tumors and for determination of an optimal area of biopsy for accurate tumor grading.
The dynamic analysis of a spoke-type permanent magnet generator with large overhang

The purpose of this paper is characteristic analysis of a permanent magnet generator (PMG) for automatic voltage regulator (AVR) power of a brushless synchronous generator. However, this PMG has a spoke-type permanent magnet rotor with a large overhang for high power density; characteristic analysis considering the concentration effect of the air-gap flux density due to the overhang should be performed. Three-dimensional (3-D) transient finite element method (FEM) analysis is a good solution for the overhang parameter, but this method needs too much calculation time. In this paper, we examined the overhang effects based on overhang length and material of rotor core by using two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D static FEM analysis, and proposed a 2-D dynamic FEM model considering the overhang parameter, which gives good and rapid results. The proposed method is verified by the test results of no-load, load, and short-circuit test.
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test

Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Explorable.com96. 2K reads The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test is a non-parametric statistical test for testing hypothesis on median. test has two versions: "single s mple" nd "pa red samples / tw samples". Single Sample fir version is the analogue of independent one ample t-test [1] in the on parametric context It uses a single sample and is recommended for use whenever we desire to test a hypothesis about population median. m0 = the specific value of population edian nu l ypothesis [2] here i of the form H0 : = m0 , where m0 is the specific value of p pula ion m di n that we wish to test against the alternativ hypothesis H1 : m ? m0 . For example, let u suppose tha the anag r of boutiqu c aim t a d an inco e his li nts is $24,000/per annum. T if th s is ten bl , the analyst will obtain th yearly income of a sample of his clients d test the null hypothesis H0 : m0 = 24,000. Paired s second vers on of the t st use pair d sa ples and th non par tr c an gue of de ende t t-test for paired samples [3]. is t t us s tw ampl but i is ecess y that they s ou d be pair d. Paired s ples i ly tha each ind vidu l observation o one ampl has a uniqu corre ponding member in the r mple. An Exam l Paired Sampl s suppo t w have a s mpl of w ight of n o se dults before th y are subj c d to a chang of iet. ft r a p f ix months, w uld lik to test h t er ther ha be n a y sig ificant l s n w ight as result of ch ng in di t. One could b mp d to straightaw y use th de endent t-test for aired samples [3] here. H wever that t t h s c ta n as um t o o bl among t m ing normal ty If is n rm l ty sumption is t sat sfie , one would have t go for the n n par met ic Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test [4]. then ould b th t ther s en n sig if c nt redu ti n in dian w igh af er ix m nths gain th alte tive t at m dian befor and fter s gnificantly differ. Normality Assumptions is not Required Mo t of a dard s ti ical tec iques can b us d provided c rt in anda d ass mption such as ind p ndence, n rmality tc. ar s i d. Oft these techn qu s c nn t b d if t rmali y assumpti is t s t fied. Among other , h [5] eq ir s this s umpti an it is not d isabl o use i if this assumptio s vi lat d. dvantages adva t g it Wilc x S gn R k T is a ith r d o t f r f the a n dis rib tio or n its ar m ters. It d es ot quir y assum tions about the shape of th i tribution. thi e n, thi t f n u as n lte n tiv to t t st's whe ev r the opulation ot be a ed t b or ally d t ibu d [6]. Eve if the rmality a sump on old , it as be n hown that the eff ciency of is est compared to t-test is almost 95%. Le us lu at h w ig d r nk are r at d in l c by c n i g t x mple ex a ov . Assume th t sample f y arly inco es of 10 cu tom rs w coll c ed. The null hyp h sis o b tested is H0 : m = 24,000. We first ca culate e deviatio f th g ve obs va io ro 24,000 d r nk th in rd of m gnitude. Th s h b e o n th foll wing t bl : Inco e Deviation Signed Ranks
A Novel Multiplayer Screen-Based Simulation Experience for African Learners Improved Confidence in Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage

Introduction Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a global challenge, affecting thirteen million women each year. In addition, PPH is a leading cause of maternal mortality in Asia and Africa. In the U.S.A. , care of critically ill patients is often practiced using mannequin-based simulation. Mannequin-based simulation presents challenges in global health, particularly in low- or middle-income countries. We developed a novel multiplayer screen-based simulation in a virtual world enabling the practice of team coordination with PPH. We used this simulation with learners in Mulago, Uganda. We hypothesized that a multiplayer screen-based simulation experience would increase learner confidence in their ability to manage PPH. Methods The study design was a simple pre- and a post-intervention survey. Forty-eight interprofessional subjects participated in one of nine 1-h simulation sessions using the PPH software. A fifteen-question self-assessment administered before and after the intervention was designed to probe the areas of learning as defined by Bloom and Krathwohl: affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. Results Combined confidence scores increased significantly overall following the simulation experience and individually in each of the three categories of Bloom’s Taxonomy: affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. Conclusion We provide preliminary evidence that multiplayer screen-based simulation represents a scalable, distributable form of learning that may be used effectively in global health education and training. Interestingly, despite our intervention being screen-based, our subjects showed improved confidence in their ability to perform psychomotor tasks. Although there is precedent for mental rehearsal improving performance, further research is needed to understand this finding.
Details for Manuscript Number: SSM-D-09-00187 R3 "Exploring the Use of Social Network Methods in Designing Healthcare Quality Improvement Teams"

Teams are an integral component of quality improvement efforts in healthcare organizations. Quality improvement teams may involve persons either from the same or different disciplines. In either case, the selection of team members may be critical to the team’s success. However, there is little research to guide selection of team members for quality improvement teams. In this paper, we use tools from social network analysis (SNA) to derive principles for the design of effective clinical quality improvement teams and explore the implementation of these principles using social network data collected from the inpatient general medicine services at a large academic medical center in Chicago, USA. While the concept of multidisciplinary teams focuses on the importance of the professional background of team members, SNA emphasizes the importance of the individual and collective connections of team members, both to persons outside the team and to each other. SNA also focuses on the location of individuals and groups between other actors in the flow of information and other resources within larger organizational networks. We hypothesize that external connections may be most important when the collection or dissemination of information or influence are the greatest concerns, while the relationship of team members to each other may matter most when internal coordination, knowledge sharing, and within-group communication are most important.
Advanced pattern recognition for detection of complex software aging phenomena in online transaction processing servers

Software aging phenomena have been recently studied; one particularly complex type is shared memory pool latch contention in large OLTP servers. Latch contention onset leads to severe performance degradation until a manual rejuvenation of the DBMS shared memory pool is triggered. Conventional approaches to automated rejuvenation have failed for latch contention because no single resource metric has been identified that can be monitored to alert the onset of this complex mechanism. The current investigation explores the feasibility of applying an advanced pattern recognition method that is embodied in a commercially available equipment condition monitoring system (SmartSignal eCM/spl trade/) for proactive annunciation of software-aging faults. One hundred data signals are monitored from a large OLTP server, collected at 20-60 sec. intervals over a 5-month period. Results show 13 variables consistently deviate from normal operation prior to a latch event, providing up to 2 hours early warning.
Optimization of an in vitro protocol for the production of ascorbic acid in Hibiscus cannabinus leaf-derived normal root cultures

Background: Hibiscus cannabinus (kenaf) is cultivated in many parts of the world for its bast fibers that find extensive industrial applications. In the southern states of India, kenaf is a popular leafy vegetable. The leaves are rich in ascorbic acid. Material and Methods: The present study reports an efficiently optimized protocol for in vitro normal root cultures for the biomass establishment of kenaf and the production of substantial amounts of ascorbic acid. The explants prepared from cotyledonary leaves of 15 day old in vitro seedlings of kenaf were inoculated onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5-3 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) or indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) individually for root initiation. Results: MS medium containing 2 mg/L NAA provided the best response (100% of explants) with a root length of 12-14 cm. A light greenish friable callus was also obtained in most of the explants. Efficient root biomass and ascorbic acid production was evident upon sub-culturing ~1 cm length root segments onto MS liquid medium containing the same growth regulators regimen used for the initiation of roots. Root cultures showed maximum biomass by the eighth week (5.51 g/100 g fresh weight). Ascorbic acid production was maximal in the seventh week (48.43 mg/100 g fresh weight). Conclusions: This protocol will facilitate scale up studies for obtaining higher yields of ascorbic acid in vitro using kenaf root cultures on a commercial scale; it could also be used to investigate the kinetics of the ascorbic acid biosynthetic pathway.
Vitamin B12 deficiency reduces proliferation and promotes differentiation of neuroblastoma cells and up-regulates PP2A, proNGF, and TACE

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) is indispensable for proper brain development and functioning, suggesting that it has neurotrophic effects beside its well-known importance in metabolism. The molecular basis of these effects remains hypothetical, one of the reasons being that no efficient cell model has been made available for investigating the consequences of B12 cellular deficiency in neuronal cells. Here, we designed an approach by stable transfection of NIE115 neuroblastoma cells to impose the anchorage of a chimeric B12-binding protein, transcobalamin-oleosin (TO) to the intracellular membrane. This model produced an intracellular sequestration of B12 evidenced by decreased methyl-Cbl and S-adenosylmethionine and increased homocysteine and methylmalonic acid concentrations. B12 deficiency affected the proliferation of NIE115 cells through an overall increase in catalytic protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), despite its demethylation. It promoted cellular differentiation by improving initial outgrowth of neurites and, at the molecular level, by augmenting the levels of proNGF and p75NTR. The up-regulation of PP2A and pro-nerve growth factor (NGF) triggered changes in ERK1/2 and Akt, two signaling pathways that influence the balance between proliferation and neurite outgrowth. Compared with control cells, a 2-fold increase of p75NTR-regulated intramembraneous proteolysis (RIP) was observed in proliferating TO cells (P < 0.0001) that was associated with an increased expression of two tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α converting enzyme (TACE) secretase enzymes, Adam 10 and Adam 17. In conclusion, our data show that B12 cellular deficiency produces a slower proliferation and a speedier differentiation of neuroblastoma cells through interacting signaling pathways that are related with increased expression of PP2A, proNGF, and TACE.
Defining new approximations of belief function by means of Dempster's combination

Approximating a belief function (with a probability distribution or with another belief function with a restricted number of focal elements) is an important issue in Dempster-Shafer Theory. The reason is that such approximations are really useful in two different situations: (1) decision making and (2) computational saving. In this paper, we propose to consider the definition of a proxy for a belief function as the result of the Dempster's combination of two belief functions: The first one is the belief function to approximate and the second one is a Bayesian belief function which encodes a meta-information describing the support of the approximation (i.e. the set of the potential focal elements of the proxy).
A nearly constant switching frequency current hysteresis controller with generalized parabolic boundaries using 12-sided polygonal voltage space vectors for IM drives

In this paper, a current hysteresis controller with parabolic boundaries for a 12-sided polygonal voltage space vector inverter fed induction motor (IM) drive is proposed. Parabolic boundaries with generalized vector selection logic, valid for all sectors and rotational direction, is used in the proposed controller. The current error space phasor boundary is obtained by first studying the drive scheme with space vector based PWM (SVPWM) controller. Four parabolas are used to approximate this current error space phasor boundary. The system is then run with space phasor based hysteresis PWM controller by limiting the current error space vector (CESV) within the parabolic boundary. The proposed controller has simple controller implementation, nearly constant switching frequency, extended modulation range and fast dynamic response with smooth transition to the over modulation region.