Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Hole Mobility in Strained InSb Ultrathin Body pMOSFETs

Hole mobility in strained ultrathin body InSb-on-insulator (InSb-OI) devices is calculated by a microscopic approach. The anisotropic valence band structures, in consideration of quantum confinement, are obtained via solving the six-band k· p Schrödinger and Poisson equations self-consistently. Hole mobility is calculated using the Kubo-Greenwood formula accounting for nonpolar acoustic and optical phonons, polar optical phonons, and surface roughness scatterings. The models are calibrated and verified with experimental data. The influences of body thickness and strain effect, including both biaxial and uniaxial strains, are investigated in InSb-OI devices. Our results indicate that mobility degradation occurs in both single-gate (SG) and double-gate (DG) mode when body thickness scales down below a certain range. Moreover, mobility in the DG mode outperforms that in the SG for thick body thickness, but loses its superiority over SG for extremely thin body. Compressive strain is favorable to hole mobility. Furthermore, more enhancement is achieved by uniaxial strain than biaxial strain.
Creation of a Facial Expression Corpus from EEG Signals for Learning Centered Emotions

In this paper, a corpus creation of spontaneous facial expressions focused on learning usage is presented. This has been achieved through the recognition of EEG signals, the use of OpenCV library to detect facial expressions, and the execution of an image classification process in different categories, such as Boredom, Engagement, Interesting, Excitement, Focus, and Relax. Two different versions of the corpus have been created. The difference lies in the application of two different classifier algorithms. Finally, a validation with a recognition system was performed, to corroborate the accuracy of the corpus.
Co‐evolution of multipartite interactions between an extended tmRNA tag and a robust Lon protease in Mycoplasma

Messenger RNAs that lack in‐frame stop codons promote ribosome stalling and accumulation of aberrant and potentially harmful polypeptides. The SmpB‐tmRNA quality control system has evolved to solve problems associated with non‐stop mRNAs, by rescuing stalled ribosomes and directing the addition of a peptide tag to the C‐termini of the associated proteins, marking them for proteolysis. In Escherichia coli, the ClpXP system is the major contributor to disposal of tmRNA‐tagged proteins. We have shown that the AAA+ Lon protease can also degrade tmRNA‐tagged proteins, but with much lower efficiency. Here, we present a unique case of enhanced recognition and degradation of an extended Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) tmRNA tag by the MP‐Lon protease. We demonstrate that MP‐Lon can efficiently and selectively degrade MP‐tmRNA‐tagged proteins. Most significantly, our studies reveal that the larger (27 amino acids long) MP‐tmRNA tag contains multiple discrete signalling motifs for efficient recognition and rapid degradation by Lon. We propose that higher‐affinity multipartite interactions between MP‐Lon and the extended MP‐tmRNA tag have co‐evolved from pre‐existing weaker interactions, as exhibited by Lon in E. coli, to better fulfil the function of MP‐Lon as the sole soluble cytoplasmic protease responsible for the degradation of tmRNA‐tagged proteins.
A Framework for Integrating Reputation Risk Into the Enterprise Risk Management Process

Reputation risk is becoming a serious concern for financial services firms, yet is poorly understood and not well-managed. This article develops a five-step process to enable firms to integrate reputation risk management into their enterprise risk management structures. Firms should set a strategy for reputation risk management, define the objectives,and set the metrics by which reputation damage is measured. Risks to reputation are then identified, prioritized, and treated. Because insurance is not available to protect firms against the loss of reputation value after a reputation damaging event, communication with the media and key stakeholders is discussed as a risk mitigation strategy.
A descriptive study of BRCA1 testing and reactions to disclosure of test results

The identification of the BRCA1 gene is a powerful tool for predicting a patient's lifetime risk for carcinoma of the breast and ovary when she has hereditary breast/ovarian carcinoma (HBOC) syndrome. The process of BRCA1 testing and genetic counseling, and participants' reactions to test results, are described.
Rural–urban comparison in prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China

Background: Prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased in both developed and developing countries. The increasing global prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents constitutes a public health crisis Aim: The present study assessed the rural–urban differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong Province, China from 1985–2010. Subjects and methods: The BMI of adolescents aged 7–18 years was calculated using data from five national repeated cross-sectional surveys on students' constitution and health carried out by the government in 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 in Shandong Province, China. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was obtained according to the WGOC (Working Group on Obesity in China) reference norm and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs. Results: In the past 25 years, The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased rapidly: The rate of overweight plus obesity by WGOC reference norm increased from 3.60% (Urban male), 3.03% (Urban female), 0.77% (Rural male) and 1.47% (Rural female) in 1985 to 36.57% (Urban male), 19.39% (Urban female), 29.59% (Rural male) and 18.76% (Rural female) in 2010, respectively. The increasing trend is similar using IOTF cut-offs. Differences in prevalence by year of overweight and obesity between urban and rural areas were observed. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity increased remarkably among Shandong adolescents from 1985–2010 and has become a serious public health problem. Comprehensive evidence-based strategies of intervention should be introduced, including periodic monitoring.
A Novel Prosumer-Based Energy Sharing and Management (PESM) Approach for Cooperative Demand Side Management (DSM) in Smart Grid

Increasing population and modern lifestyle have raised energy demands globally. Demand Side Management (DSM) is one important tool used to manage energy demands. It employs an advanced power infrastructure along with bi-directional information flow among utilities and users in order to achieve a balanced load curve and minimize demand-supply mismatch. Traditionally, this involves shifting the electricity demand from peak hours to other times of the day in an optimized manner. Multiple users equipped with renewable resources work in coordination with each other in order to achieve mutually beneficial energy management. This, in turn, has generated the concept of cooperative DSM. Such users, called prosumers, consume and produce energy using renewable resources (solar, wind etc.). Prosumers with surplus energy sell to the grid as well as to other consumers. In this paper, a novel Prosumer-based Energy Sharing and Management (PESM) scheme for cooperative DSM has been proposed. A simulation model has been developed for testing the proposed method. Different variations of the proposed methodology have been experimented with different criteria. The results show that the proposed energy sharing scheme achieves DSM purposes in a useful manner.
Anatomy of green advertising

Much work has been published, both in scholarly journals and the popular press, about the greening of the American consumer. Most of the past work, if not all, deal with consumer profiles; none deal with "green" advertising. This work is the first attempt to analyze "green" print advertisements. In this study we first provide a framework for analyzing green ads and then use that very framework to analyze a sample of print ads.
Evaluating computer-assisted memory retraining programmes for people with post-head injury amnesia

Objective: The present study was designed to perform theory-driven empirical work that might contribute to a better understanding of computer-assisted training effects adopting theoretically different memory retraining strategies for people who had amnesia as a result of a brain injury. Research design: A pre-test and post-test control group quasi-experimental design was adopted to test the differences in effectiveness of four different computer-assisted memory training strategies, which were hypothesized to improve different memory skills of persons with brain injury. Method and procedures: Twenty-six persons with brain injury were randomly assigned to four age- and gender-matched memory training groups (self-paced, feedback, personalized, visual presentation) and they were trained using the related computer software, evaluated by the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), self-efficacy scale and built-up computer performance records. Main outcomes and results: All the four memory training methods showed positive among the persons with brain injury as compared with a control group, although there was no statistically significant difference among the four training methods. However, clinical improvement was found in all four methods and the Feedback group showed significant improvement in self efficacy, in comparison with the other groups. Conclusion: This attempt to develop and evaluate different computer applications for memory retraining was made and the effectiveness of applying customized computer technology in memory rehabilitation was critically evaluated. Results of the present study showed that the unique customized therapeutic characteristics of computer-assisted memory retraining (e.g. self-paced practice, performance feedback, salient visual presentation and personalized training contents) are positive attributes of memory skill retraining outcomes.
Regulation of methane oxidation in the facultative methanotroph Methylocella silvestris BL2

The molecular regulation of methane oxidation in the first fully authenticated facultative methanotroph Methylocella silvestris BL2 was assessed during growth on methane and acetate. Problems of poor growth of Methylocella spp. in small‐scale batch culture were overcome by growth in fermentor culture. The genes encoding soluble methane monooxygenase were cloned and sequenced, which revealed that the structural genes for soluble methane monooxygenase, mmoXYBZDC, were adjacent to two genes, mmoR and mmoG, encoding a σ54 transcriptional activator and a putative GroEL‐like chaperone, located downstream (3′) of mmoC. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the genes were all cotranscribed from a σ54‐dependent promoter located upstream (5′) of mmo X. The transcriptional start site was mapped. Transcriptional analysis of soluble methane monooxygenase genes and expression studies on fermentor grown cultures showed that acetate repressed transcription of sMMO in M. silvestris BL2. The possibility of the presence of a particulate, membrane‐bound methane monooxygenase enzyme in M. silvestris BL2 and the copper‐mediated regulation of soluble methane monooxygenase was investigated. Both were shown to be absent. A promoter probe vector was constructed and used to assay transcription of the promoter of the soluble methane monoxygenase genes of M. silvestris BL2 grown under various conditions and with different substrates. These data represent the first insights into the molecular physiology of a facultative methanotroph.
Fundamental Capital Valuation for IT Companies: A Real Options Approach

This study attempts to estimate the fundamental capital value of a growing firm by combining two separate capital valuation techniques, namely the corporate debt valuation of Merton (1974) and the rational pricing technique of internet companies of Schwartz and Moon (2000). For simplicity, the Black and Scholes (1973) approach is used to infer an estimate of the value of the debt of the firm, while the valuation technique of Schwartz and Moon (2000) has been used to estimate the total value of the firm. Making use of the fact that firm value is a function of the value of debt and equity, we first derive a closed-form solution for the value of the debt and then estimate the implied fundamental equity values for sample firms in the information technology sector, and show how the share prices are either undervalued or overvalued.Inferences on the risk premium on the debt are also provided.
Trust, Incomplete Contracts and the Market for Technology

Conditional on the decision to enter the market for immature technology, we test for the effects that trust – as proxied by the context in which the negotiating parties met – has on the likelihood that these negotiations are successful. Using a randomised dataset of 860 university-firm and firm-firm technology transactions, we find that the depth of prior relationship and circumstantial knowledge about each other matters, and matters a lot. Parties who knew each other from a previous business are 28.2 percentage points more likely to conclude a transaction compared with cold-callers. Meeting via an industry network offers an intermediate advantage but meeting via a third party or at a conference only offers a modest advantage over cold calling.
A direct reconstruction method with variable constraints

In this article, a direct method to reconstruct images from projections is presented. This method, having its origin in astrophysics to restore images from observed data, uses a constant upper bound and a variable lower bound to constrain the maximum and minimum values taken by the emission intensity during iteration. Computer‐simulated emission projection data from two phantoms are used for reconstruction. Comparison is made with other methods. The results show that a much better spatial resolution can be acquired by this method, especially for the sharp‐shaped emission sources. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol 10, 379–384, 1999
lder Fallers With Poor Working Memory Overestimate Th ostural Limits eresa

Objective: To compare the accuracy of perceived postural imits between older fallers with good working memory and hose with poor working memory. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: Thirty-three community-dwelling older adults ith a history of falls. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: We measured the accuracy of erceived postural limits by using the perceived reach test in 3 fallers. The difference between the verbal digits forward est score and the verbal digits backward test score was used o provide an index of the central executive component of orking memory. Participants were then allocated into 2 roups: (1) good working memory or (2) poor working emory. Comparisons of group characteristics and scores ere undertaken by using Student independent-sample t ests for differences in means between those with good orking memory and those with poor memory. One hierarhical linear regression model was constructed to determine he independent association of the central executive compoent of working memory with the accuracy of older fallers’ erceived reach capacity. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean ercentage error in perceived reach between older fallers with ood working memory and those with poor working memory P . 01). The verbal digit span difference score was indepenently associated with the percentage error in perceived reach. he verbal digit span difference score resulted in an R change f 18.2% and significantly improved the regression model F1,26 change, 7.45; P . 01). Conclusions: Our novel results suggest that impaired exective functioning may increase falls risk by impairing older dults’ judgment in motor planning for daily activities. How-
Comparison of Neuromorphic Event-based Auditory Sensors

Neuromorphic engineers try to mimic nature when developing electronic systems as evolution has created many concepts that greatly outperform conventional approaches. One example is the adaptable and energy-efficient biological cochlea whose performance could not be reached by any artificial auditory sensor yet. However, since the 1980s, a large number of silicon cochleae with increasing accuracy and similarity to the biological system has been presented, allowing for significant improvements of technology in many different applications, for example in speech processing. This report reviews the historical development of neuromorphic event-based silicon cochleae, compares the performance of different basic approaches with the biological system and examines to what extend this technology is able to improve speech processing. It is shown that the main advantages seem to be lower power consumption, reduced computational cost and greater adaptability to noisy environments. We conclude by stating still existing challenges and giving an outlook on future developments.
Understanding the Combined Role of Internal and External Factors in New Service Development Process within the Professional Knowledge Intensive Business Service Firms

Our research asked the following main questions: how the characteristics of professionals service firms allow them to successfully innovate in exploiting through exploring by combining internal and external factors of innovation and how these ambidextrous organisations perceive these factors; and how do successful innovators in professional service firms use corporate entrepreneurship models in their new service development processes? With a goal to shed light on innovation in professional knowledge intensive business service firms’ (PKIBS), we concluded a qualitative analysis of ten globally acting law firms, providing business legal services. We analyse the internal and factors of innovation that are critical for PKIBS’ innovation. We suggest how these firms become ambidextrous in changing environment. Our findings show that this kind of firms has particular type of ambidexterity due to their specific characteristics. As PKIBS are very dependant on its human capital, governance structure, and the high expectations of their clients, their ambidexterity is structural, but also contextual at the same time. In addition, we suggest 3 types of corporate entrepreneurship models that international PKIBS use to enhance innovation in turbulent environments. We looked at how law firms going through turbulent environments were using corporate entrepreneurship activities as a part of their strategies to be more innovative. Using visual mapping methodology, we developed three types of innovation patterns in the law firms. We suggest that corporate entrepreneurship models depend on successful application of mainly three elements: who participates in corporate entrepreneurship initiatives; what are the formal processes that enhances these initiatives; and what are the policies applied to this type of behaviour.
Circulating CD14+ CD16+ Monocytes Are Expanded in Sarcoidosis Patients

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by noncaseating granulomas, consisting mainly of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells derived from monocyte‐macrophage lineage cells. Monocytes fall into subpopulations comprising CD14++ CD16−, and CD14+ CD16+ cells, and expansion of the later monocytes has been reported under some pathological conditions. In this study, we examined the immunophenotype of blood monocytes in patients with sarcoidosis using two‐color immunofluorescence flow cytometry. In healthy controls CD14+ CD16+ monocytes account for 5.8 ± 2.8% of monocytes. The percentage of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes was significantly higher (p <0.02) in the sarcoidosis patients (11.8 ± 4.9%) compared with those in healthy control subjects. The serum ACE levels were significantly correlated with the percentage of CD14+ CD16+ monocytes (p <0.05). In contrast, the percentage was not correlated with purinergic receptor expression of monocytes as estimated by LDH release from BzATP‐stimulated monocytes. These findings suggest that CD14+ CD16+ monocytes represent a sensitive marker for the disease activity of sarcoidosis.
Innovation races and thestrategic role of cash holdings :evidence from pharmaceutical patents

Firms that race to innovate first may hold cash not only to invest timely but also to do it faster than the competitors, pushing them to hold more cash. We use data from US patents and their citations to identify and measure the dependency of innovation success on cash holdings in such races. We find that a firm's cash holdings increase its probability of winning a race while its rivals' cash decrease it. The cash sensitivity of winning increases through the mid 80s and the 90s. This increase is due to the increased concentration of incumbency strength among fewer incumbents. Hence, cash holdings have become strategically more important for the average, R&D-intensive, firm.
Generalization of classification rules

Traditional classification rules are in the form of production rules. Recent works in hybrid classification algorithms have proposed the generation of contextual rules, whereby the right-hand side of the production rule is replaced by a classifier, to achieve higher accuracy. In this work, we present a framework to further generalize classification rules such that the left-hand side of a production rule is expressed as a conjunction of classifiers, called space splitters. An intelligent divide-and-conquer approach is designed to construct such generalized classification rules. The construction algorithm, GCTree, is elegant, efficient and scalable. The resulting classifier is able to achieve high predictive accuracy that outperforms naive Bayes and C4.5. Experiments demonstrate that GCTree is compact and stable.
In vivo monitoring of Yersinia ruckeri in fish tissues: progression and virulence gene expression.

In this study, the utilization of bioluminescence imaging (BLI) allowed us to define the progression of Yersinia ruckeri during the infection of rainbow trout. A luminescent Y. ruckeri 150 strain was engineered using the pCS26-Pac plasmid containing the lux operon from Photorhabdus luminescens. Two different models of infection of rainbow trout were defined depending on the route in which bacteria were administered, being the gut the major organ affected following bath immersion. This indicates that this organ is important for bacterial dissemination inside the fish and the establishment of the infection. Moreover, the expression of three previously selected operons by in vivo expression technology (IVET) was analysed, the yhlBA involved in the production of a haemolysin, the cdsAB related to the uptake of cysteine and the yctCBA implicated in citrate uptake. Apart from these factors, the expression of yrp1 encoding a serralysin metalloprotease involved in pathogenesis was also analysed. The results indicated that all of the assayed promoters were expressed during infection of rainbow trout. In addition to these findings, the methodology described in this work constitutes a useful model for studying the infection process in other fish pathogenic bacteria.