Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aberrant expression of cell‐cycle regulator cyclin D1 in breast cancer is related to chromosomal genomic instability

To account for the accumulation of genomic alterations required for tumor progression, it has been suggested that the genomes of cancer cells are unstable and that this instability results from defective mutators (the “mutator phenotype” theory). To examine the hypothesis that abnormal cell‐cycle regulators act as the mutators contributing to genomic instability, the present study, based on primary tumor tissues from 71 patients with breast cancer, was performed to determine whether there was an association between aberrant expression of cell‐cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, RB1, p21, and p27) and chromosomal instability. Comparative genomic hybridization was used to measure chromosomal changes, reflecting genomic instability in individual tumors, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to detect aberrant expression of cell‐cycle regulators. Overexpression of cyclin D1 was found to be significantly correlated with increased chromosomal instability (defined as harboring more than 7 chromosomal changes), with 63% of tumors overexpressing and 27% of tumors not overexpressing, with cyclin D1 showing chromosomal instability (P < 0.05). Interestingly, this relationship was independent of cell outgrowth (as detected by the proliferation marker Ki‐67) and was particularly significant in tumors not expressing p27 or in tumors with detectable RB1. These results suggest that cyclin D1 plays an alternative role in the regulation of genomic stability. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A cross-cultural analysis of print advertising targeted to Hispanic and non-Hispanic American consumers

U.S. Hispanics represent an important consumer segment in the North American market, but research in the area of U.S. Hispanic advertising remains limited. This study provides cross-cultural analysis of print advertising targeted to Hispanic and non-Hispanic American consumers in an attempt to explore the differences or similarities in their depictions of cultural values. The authors develop a scheme for content analyzing cultural values based on cultural theory literature. Results show meaningful differences in the core cultural values emphasized to target U.S. Hispanic consumers. The study has implications for marketers and academics who want to differentiate between culturally adapted advertising appeals for U.S. Hispanic and non-Hispanic American consumers. The coding scheme developed in this study can help marketers identify and depict Hispanic cultural value appeals in their marketing communications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An abundant high-mobility-group-like protein is targeted to micronuclei in a cell cycle-dependent and developmentally regulated fashion in Tetrahymena thermophila

In this report, we have demonstrated for the first time that an abundant high-mobility-group (HMG)-like protein, HMG B, previously thought to be specific to macronuclei in Tetrahymena thermophila, is also present in micronuclei. Biochemical data document the fact that HMG B is extremely labile in micronuclei. Unless extreme precautions are taken during the isolation of nuclei (addition of 1% formaldehyde to the nucleus isolation buffer), HMG B is not detected in micronuclei. Using polyclonal antibodies highly selective for HMG B, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses show that the presence of HMG B in micronuclei is dynamic, correlating well with known periods of micronuclear DNA replication. This is the case not only during the vegetative cell cycle but also during early stages of the sexual cycle, conjugation, when the presence of HMG B in micronuclei is also closely correlated with meiotic DNA recombination and repair. Since micronuclei are transcriptionally inactive during vegetative growth, our data lend support to the idea that HMG B does not function exclusively in the establishment of transcriptionally competent chromatin. However, micronuclei are transcriptionally active during early stages of conjugation. Evidence that HMG B is strongly synthesized and deposited into micronuclei during this stage is presented. Therefore, it is tempting to suggest that HMG B may play an important role in remodeling micronuclear chromatin into an "active," more open configuration. We favor a model wherein HMG B, like other abundant, low-specificity HMG box-containing proteins, functions to wrap DNA, presumably modulating higher-order chromatin structure for a broad range of biological processes, including transcription and replication.
Molecular characterization of 3′ UTR of Nramp1 gene in Gaolao breed of cattle.

The Nramp1 (Natural resistances macrophage protein1) gene or recently renamed Slc11a1 (solute carrier family 11 member1) is a member of a large family of genes coding for metal ion-transporting proteins. Nramp1 gene plays a critical role in innate immunity favoring bacterial killing by macrophages in addition to its influence on adaptative immunity. The aim of the present investigation was to identify the genetic variations in the 3’UTR (Untranslated region) of Nramp1 gene in the Gaolao breed (Bos indicus) cattle, using the technique PCR-SSCP and by sequencing. PCR-SSCP (Single Strand conformational polymorphism) of 440 bp amplicon of Nramp1 gene revealed four common SSCP patterns in Gaolao breed. The chi-square test revealed that difference between observed frequencies of different patterns in Gaolao was non-significant at 5% level of significance. The sequence analysis of Nramp1 region did not revealed sequence variation. The sequence analysis of Nramp1 region bare only two sequence variation in four SSCP patterns. This indicates that this region is either heterologous or SSCP could be independent of sequence variation.
Regulation of Cyclic AMP by the μ‐Opioid Receptor in Human Neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y Cells

Abstract: The human neuroblastoma clonal cell line SH‐SY5Y expresses both μ‐ and δ‐opioid receptors (ratio ∼4.5:1). Differentiation with retinoic acid (RA) was previously shown to enhance the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) by μ‐opioid agonists. We tested here the inhibition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation by morphine under a variety of conditions: after stimulation with prostaglandin E1 (PGE,), forskolin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), both in the presence and in the absence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3‐isobutyl‐1‐methylxanthine (IBMX). Morphine inhibition of the forskolin cAMP response (∼65%) was largely unaffected by the presence of IBMX. In contrast, deletion of IBMX enhanced morphine's inhibition of the PGE, and VIP cAMP response from ∼50 to ∼80%. The use of highly μ‐ and δ‐selective agents confirmed previous results that inhibition of cAMP accumulation by opioids is mostly μ, and not δ, receptor mediated in SH‐SY5Y cells, regardless of the presence or absence of IBMX. Because of the large morphine inhibition and the high cAMP levels even in the absence of IBMX, PGE,‐stimulated, RA‐differentiated SHSY5Y cells were subsequently used to study narcotic analgesic tolerance and dependence in vitro. Upon pretreatment with morphine over 12h, a fourfold shift of the PGE,‐morphine dose‐response curve was observed, whether or not IBMX was added. However, μ‐opioid receptor number and affinity to the μ‐selective [D‐Ala2, N‐Me‐Phe4, Gly5‐ol]enkephalin were largely unaffected, and Na+‐ and guanyl nucleotide‐induced shifts of morphine‐[3H]naloxone competition curves were unchanged. Further, morphine pretreatment elicited an AC rebound effect, causing higher cAMP accumulation after the drug was removed from the medium or acutely antagonized by naloxone. These results document biochemical correlates of μ‐opiate tolerance and dependence in SH‐SY5Y cells.
Lysis of herpesvirus-infected cells by immune spleen cells

Spleen cells from herpes simplex-infected mice have been shown to lyse 51Cr-labeled virus-infected target cells. The cell-mediated lysis was shown to be antibody dependent but not involving adherent cells. Lysis of infected cells by this mechanism may be one form of host defense in infection by some viruses.
Modeling of microwave filters using gradient Particle Swarm Optimization neural networks

In this paper, hybrid algorithm called gradient particle swarm optimization (GPSO) is proposed for training artificial neural networks (ANN). Then, the trained networks are applied to modeling waveguide filters (broad-band e-plane filters with improved stop-band and rectangular waveguide h-plane three-cavity filter). For validate effectiveness of this algorithm, we compared the results of convergence and modeling obtained with those obtained by back- propagation neural networks (BP-NN) and particle swarm optimization neural networks (PSO-NN).
In defence of the price hedonic model in wine research

In a previous paper in this journal, Unwin criticised the prior wine applications of price hedonic theory. This paper recapitulates and elaborates Unwin's critique drawing primarily on basic knowledge from the econometric literature and more recent price hedonic wine studies. Facing this critique, the empirical section of the paper provides an example of how a more realistic and stripped-down version of the price hedonic model could be applied in the wine context.
Mass Audience Capable of Improvement in Taste

Wroe Alderson is an outstanding figure in American Marketing. He is the author of numerous books, texts and monographs, founder of the consulting firm bearing his name, professor of marketing in the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce of the University of Pennsylvania and a past president of American Marketing Association. He was in Filene lecturer at Roosevelt University in the Autumn of 1961. A historian describing life in ancient Rome tells how commercial messages came to be a distraction and a nuisance during the popular entertainments at the Coliseum. The average Roman, settling into his seat to enjoy the gory spectacle in the arena, was bombarded by the sales talks of wine sellers, sausage venders, brothel keepers, and others with goods and services for sale. One can imagine his complaining to his wife after
Sociodemographic differences in dietary habits in a population-based sample of elderly subjects: the 3C study.

PURPOSE Diet plays an important role in maintaining quality of life in ageing and can be influenced by sociodemographic factors. We aimed to describe dietary habits in a large population-based sample of elderly people and to explore how they may vary according to sex, age, educational level and lifestyle. METHODS 9250 community dwellers aged 65 years and over recruited in three French cities were interviewed about their food habits with a brief frequency questionnaire. For each food considered, the subjects were classified as occasional or regular consumers. Quantities of alcoholic beverages consumed daily were also assessed. Dietary habits were compared for men and women separately according each sociodemographic factor. RESULTS Women were characterized by a more regular consumption of fruit and vegetables and drunk fewer alcoholic beverages. Older subjects ate meat, fish, cereals, raw vegetables and pulses less regularly. The proportion of regular consumers of fish, raw fruit, raw vegetables and cooked fruit or vegetables and the quantity of alcohol consumed increased with educational level. Subjects living alone were less regular consumers of almost all foods. DISCUSSION The results show that even in a sub-population of elderly people, dietary patterns can vary greatly according to several factors. Identifying such factors is of value for future analytic studies on nutrition and health in the elderly. In view of dietary recommendations advising a high consumption of fruit and vegetables, subjects living alone and people with a low educational level are particularly at risk and should be encouraged to eat more balanced meals.
The Comparison of Users Activity on the Example of Polish and American Blogosphere

Blogs are popular way to express opinions on the Internet. Due to their popularity and their public character blogs attract attention of many researchers. In this paper we compare two national blogospheres (Polish and American) from different angles such as characteristics of messages and interactions, structure of social groups, topics discussed in them, and the influence of real-world events on the behavior of such groups. In our approach we try to combine in advanced manner users activity on both the individual and community level. The comparison reveals some differences and various characters of both portals. Methods for analysis of groups dynamics, users roles, and topics in groups are presented.
Knowledge creating communities in the context of work processes

This article deals with the support potential of knowledge communities for a co-operative knowledge generation and problem solving before the background of the increasing economic importance of knowledge-intensive processes. Therefore, requirements for an IT-support of a co-operative knowledge generation and problem solving via knowledge communities are being developed that are of significance in the induction and dissemination of knowledge within communities. Special emphasis is put on the integration of the knowledge of the community into relevant work processes aiming at an initiation of synergies with this combination. According to the above- mentioned requirements, we will present the realisation of a knowledge community with the help of the Wiki-approach. Thereupon, a concept for integrating knowledge communities in process-oriented knowledge structures will be developed by creating an adequate interface. This concept could be realised in a prototype way in an implementation. The developed prototype will be described in a brief case study.
Primary Cardiac Arrest Following Sport or Exertion in Children Presenting to an Emergency Department: Chest Compressions and Early Defibrillation Can Save Lives, But Is Intravenous Epinephrine Always Appropriate?

Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics and outcome of pediatric patients presenting to an emergency department (ED) following out-of-hospital primary cardiac arrest (OHPCA), to determine if long-term survival is influenced by specific resuscitation interventions. Methods This was a prospective observational study of cases of OHPCA during sport or exertion in young patients presenting to an ED over a 5-year period. Cases were identified from a resuscitation database, which documented patient demographics, nature of event, emergency treatment, response times, and clinical progress. These data were analyzed to determine outcomes. Results Nine children were identified who presented following OHPCA during the study period. The mean age was 10.7 (±4.2) years. All were subsequently diagnosed with an underlying primary cardiac disorder. Six patients (66.6%) survived to make a full recovery. All patients who survived had received early chest compressions (within 5 minutes) and early defibrillation (within 10 minutes). The initial cardiac arrest rhythm in all survivors had been an electrically cardiovertable rhythm. Five (83%) of the 6 survivors did not receive epinephrine during resuscitation. Conclusions The importance of early chest compressions and defibrillation in collapsed young athletes is highlighted in this report. These interventions can result in full long-term neurological recovery. Use of epinephrine in these patients may be dangerous. We suggest that special consideration should be given to this subgroup of patients in the development of future resuscitation guidelines.
An algorithm for locating logic design errors

Discusses the problem of locating logic design errors, and proposes an algorithm to solve it. Based on the results of logic verification, the authors introduce an input pattern for locating design errors. The pattern contains only one Boolean variable X/X and is used to sensitize the design errors. An algorithm for locating single design errors with the input patterns has been developed. Experimental results have shown the effectiveness of the input patterns and the algorithm for locating single design errors. <<ETX>>
The Cause of the Great Inflation: Interactions between the Government and the Monetary Policymakers

The paper offers a new explanation for the cause of the Great Inflation by constructing a model that explicitly separates the roles of government and monetary policymakers. A mechanism that inflation can accelerate even if an inflation target is low is uncovered. The model solves the puzzle of the observed high inflation target during the Great Inflation and indicates that the policy errors at the time were not solely attributed to the monetary policymakers but made in the process of interaction between the governments and the monetary policymakers. The model is consistent with the international aspect of the Great Inflation.
Antiplasmodial Activity of Compounds from the Surface Exudates of Senecio roseiflorus

From the surface exudates of Senecio roseiflorus fourteen known methylated flavonoids and one phenol were isolated and characterized. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis. The surface exudate and the flavonoids isolated showed moderate to good antiplasmodial activity with 5,4′-dihydroxy-7-dimethoxyflavanone having the highest activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, with IC50 values of 3.2 ± 0.8 and 4.4 ± 0.01 μg/mL respectively.
Closing the Gap in Access to Rural Communication: Chile 1995-2002

The study documents, and reviews the Chilean experience in rural telecommunications, by focusing on the principles, practical organization, basic design, and outstanding issues for extension of a more advanced form of approach to communication, and access to information. It examines in depth the results, and success factors of the Telecommunications Development Fund, established in 1994, a success largely due to the extensive reliance on market forces to determine, and allocate subsidies, to minimal regulatory intervention, and relatively simple processing. The design of the Fund proved robust, and remains the leading example of a cost-effective solution to reduce access gaps in basic communication in emerging economies. However, questions remain on the sustainability of services for the long run, on how to support the small, but still excluded rural population, and on potential, further needs in urban areas.
The effects of country-of-origin on Chinese consumers' wine purchasing behaviour

Purpose – This research is designed to explore Chinese customers' wine purchasing behaviours and to investigate the effect of country‐of‐origin (COO) information on their wine evaluations.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from the shopping malls both in Shanghai and Hangzhou, China, using the systematic sampling method. A total 148 usable questionnaires were returned and analysed by SPSS.Findings – The results confirmed that Chinese customers consider COO as the most important factor in their wine evaluation when a single‐cue approach is applied. When a multi‐cue approach is used however the results showed that there was no significant difference in the importance in COO and price as indicators. This research also revealed some salient characteristics of Chinese consumers buying behaviour associated with Chinese culture. When the Chinese are evaluating wine for gift giving and consuming wine in public, they tend to attach more importance to COO than to other variables and are more likely t.
Beyond mechanical markets – asset price swings, risk and the role of the state

In their provocative and fascinating new book, Roman Frydman and Michael Goldberg attribute some measure of the blame for the financial crisis that started in 2008 and for the inadequacies of subsequent policy to the poor state of monetary and financial theory. They accuse the practitioners of rational-expectations macroeconomics and efficient-markets finance of populating their models with robots rather than people and of building ‘castles in the air. ’ The charge reminds me of a mnemonic that a psychiatrist friend once told me: a neurotic builds castles in the air; a psychotic lives in them. That more or less summarizes what Frydman and Goldberg find wrong with mainstream macroeconomics and finance: too many economists live in their models and mistake them for reality itself. Such criticism can logically be made only from a standpoint that is better grounded in reality. Frydman and Goldberg find their ground in a new approach to economic theory that they call imperfect knowledge economics (or IKE). IKE was developed most fully in their earlier book on exchange rates, Imperfect Knowledge Economics: Exchange Rates and Risk (Frydman & Goldberg, 2007), and in empirical applications jointly with Katarina Juselius and Søren Johansen (Johansen, Juselius, Frydman, & Goldberg, 2010). The earlier expositions of IKE were formidably difficult. So much of Beyond Mechanical Markets is taken up with the failings of mainstream theory that Frydman and Goldberg miss the opportunity to provide a more accessible exposition of IKE itself. To some degree, I hope to be able to use this review to recover that opportunity and provide an Econ 1 (Principles) version of IKE. Still, I wish that Frydman and Goldberg had themselves provided an Econ 101 (Intermediate) version for those who find their treatment of IKE in the Imperfect Knowledge Economics too daunting. I hope that they will do so in a future book.
A More Accurate Finite Difference Approximation for the Valuation of Options

Schwartz [3] proposed a model to solve for the value of a warrant or an option when a closed-form solution of the valuation equation cannot be obtained. This model is based on a difference approximation of the valuation equation and uses standard numerical methods. We intend to show here that the same methods can be used to derive a difference approximation of the solution of the valuation equation which has a greater level of accuracy than Schwartz's approximation.
Current issues in business process re‐engineering

Presents the results of empirical research into issues faced by 25 companies undertaking business process re‐engineering (BPR) programmes. The research team sought to understand the BPR phenomenon through visits to 21 leading practitioners and four in‐depth case studies. The research indicated that six key issues affect the way in which BPR programmes are carried out, namely the nature of the change proposed (radical or incremental), the performance measures applied during the programme, the impact of information technology, the impact of human factors, the presence or absence of a process architecture and the link between BPR and strategy. The outcome of this research has implications for both practitioners and researchers. Where practitioners are concerned, the conventional, step‐by‐step BPR methodology should be amended to take into account these six issues more fully. For researchers there is a need for substantial research into good practice in BPR in each of the six areas.