Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Organisational Structure to Organisational Behaviour Formalisation

To understand how an organisational structure relates to organisational behaviour is an interesting fundamental challenge in the area of organisation modelling. Specifications of organisational structure usually have a diagrammatic form that abstracts from more detailed dynamics. Dynamic properties of agent systems, on the other hand, are often specified in the form of a set of logical formulae in some temporal language. This paper addresses the question how these two perspectives can be combined in one framework. It is shown how for different aggregation levels and other elements within an organisation structure, sets of dynamic properties can be specified. Organisational structure provides a structure of (interlevel) relationships between these multiple sets of dynamic properties. Thus organisational structure is reflected in the formalisation of the dynamics of organisational behaviour. To illustrate the effectiveness of the approach a formal foundation is presented for the integrated specification of both structure and behaviour of an AGR organisation model.
GSM: An Efficient Code Generation Algorithm for Dynamic Binary Translator

Dynamic binary translation is an effective way to address binary compatibility problem. Embedded systems and other novel RISC ISAs are developing fast without consideration of the binary compatibility with off-the-shelf x86 applications, making dynamic binary translator (DBT) from CISC to RISC more important. However, dynamic code generation is still inefficient due to the code expansion. Conventional code generators in DBTs use one-to-many mapping scheme between source and target code which cannot take full advantage of the target ISA. We propose a novel lightweight code generation algorithm GSM (Greedy Sub graph Mapping), which can generate compact code with low overhead using many-to-one mapping. GSM is implemented and evaluated in a DBT prototype system called TransARM. Experimental results demonstrate that GSM generates higher quality target code compared to a conventional implementation, which brings code expansion rate close to 1.3. Moreover, GSM causes slightly extra overhead and negligible slowdown of translation, and enables 10% performance improvement for target code execution.
Study on the molecular regulatory mechanism of MicroRNA-195 in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify the target gene of hsa-miR-195 and to research the molecular mechanism of hsa-miR-195 which is through its target genes in the colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis. METHODS We used biological informatics (RNAhybrid and Target Scan analysis database) to predict the target genes of hsa-miR-195. Collected colon cancer tissues from clinical colorectal cancer patients by surgical removal of the carcinoma and control tissues, and researched the expression of Bcl-2 in tissues by immunohistochemical. Next, Real-time PCR was used to research the expression of hsa-miR-195 in Caco-2 and NCM460 cell line. hsa -miR-195 Mimics was transient transfered to Caco-2 cells, western blot was used to analysis the expression changes of Bcl-2. To analysis the possibility that hsa-miR-195 can affect the invasive ability of tumor cells by Bcl-2, we transferred hsa-miR-195 Mimics and Bcl-2 expression plasmid, and used the cell invasion experiment to discusses hsa-miR-195 effect on the ability of tumor cell invasion. RESULTS the immunohistochemical results showed that, the semi-quantitative parameters for the Bcl-2: control by 0.89 ± 0.51, 6 colon cancer by 31 ± 0.79. The expression of has-miR-195 in Caco-2 is 0.39 ± 1.5 while the value in control is2.01 ± 0.2, **P < 0.01. CONCLUSION In colorectal cancer, has-miR-195 can promote cell apoptosis and inhibit the invasion and metastasis by inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2.
The Rise and Demise of National Development and the Origins of Post-Cold War Capitalism

Since the end of the Cold War the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has produced an annual Human Development Report that has carefully catalogued the trend towards growing poverty and increasing inequality worldwide. The 1999 Report, which focused explicitly on globalisation, observed that over eighty nations continued to register lower per capita income than at the end of the 1980s. At the same time, inequality was on the rise within numerous countries, while there has also been an increase in the level of inequality between nations. The authors warned that if ‘global opportunities are not shared better, the failed growth will continue’. In the foreword, UNDP Administrator, Mark Malloch Brown, reinforced the Report’s theme of the need for ‘globalization with a human face’, at the same time as he reaffirmed ‘the power of globalization to bring economic and social benefits’ when ‘the free flow of money is matched by the liberating power of the flow of ideas and information driven by new technologies’. The concerns and views expressed in this report, and the global trends it identifies, exemplify some of the key contradictions of the international order in the postCold War era. Many of these contradictions are centred on the rise and demise of state-guided national development. The idea and practice of national development as it was consolidated and universalised after 1945 was profoundly flawed; furthermore, by the end of the 1980s the numerous versions of the national development project that had been elaborated between the 1940s and the 1970s had increasingly been overlaid by the globalisation project. This compounded the failures of national development and introduced new problems, a trend that was both accelerated and clarified by the end of the Cold War.
Paraphrase Identification by Text Canonicalization

This paper proposes an approach to sentence-level paraphrase identiﬁcation by text canon-icalization. The source sentence pairs are ﬁrst converted into surface text that approximates canonical forms. A decision tree learning module which employs simple lexical matching features then takes the output canonical-ized texts as its input for a supervised learning process. Experiments on the Microsoft Research (MSR) Paraphrase Corpus give comparable performance to other systems that are equipped with more sophisticated lexical semantic and syntactic matching components, with a Conﬁdence-weighted Score of 0.791. An ancillary experiment using the occurrence of nominalizations suggests that the MSR Para-phrase Corpus might not be a rich source for learning paraphrasing patterns.
Distributed generation power inverters as shunt active power filters for losses minimization in the distribution network

This paper evaluates the benefits that can be achieved in the operation of LV distribution networks with a large penetration of distributed generation when the inverters that interface with the network are used as shunt active power filters to reduce the zero sequence current component generated by unbalanced loads. For that purpose, a typical urban distribution network has been simulated and several inverters have been connected to the network. A current control mode has been implemented for the inverters so any current component in the system can be compensated or filtered. The reduction in the power losses and the increase in the voltage quality have been quantified for the network.
Extending Eventually Consistent Cloud Databases for Enforcing Numeric Invariants

Geo-replicated databases often offer high availability and low latency by relying on weak consistency models. The inability to enforce invariants across all replicas remains a key shortcoming that prevents the adoption of such databases in several applications. In this paper we show how to extend an eventually consistent cloud database for enforcing numeric invariants. Our approach builds on ideas from escrow transactions, but our novel design overcomes the limitations of previous works. First, by relying on a new replicated data type, our design has no central authority and uses pairwise asynchronous communication only. Second, by layering our design on top of a fault-tolerant database, our approach exhibits better availability during network partitions and data center faults. The evaluation of our prototype, built on top of Riak, shows much lower latency and better scalability than the traditional approach of using strong consistency to enforce numeric invariants.
Recombinant hybrids retain heterozygosity at many loci: new insights into the genomics of reproductive isolation in Populus

The maintenance of species barriers in the face of gene flow is often thought to result from strong selection against intermediate genotypes, thereby preserving genetic differentiation. Most speciation genomic studies thus aim to identify exceptionally divergent loci between populations, but divergence will be affected by many processes other than reproductive isolation (RI) and speciation. Through genomic studies of recombinant hybrids sampled in the wild, genetic variation associated with RI can be observed in situ, because selection against incompatible genotypes will leave detectable patterns of variation in the hybrid genomes. To better understand the mechanisms directly involved in RI, we investigated three natural ‘replicate’ hybrid zones between two divergent Populus species via locus‐specific patterns of ancestry across recombinant hybrid genomes. As expected, genomic patterns in hybrids and their parental species were consistent with the presence of underdominant selection at several genomic regions. Surprisingly, many loci displayed greatly increased between‐species heterozygosity in recombinant hybrids despite striking genetic differentiation between the parental genomes, the opposite of what would be expected with selection against intermediate genotypes. Only a limited, reproducible set of genotypic combinations was present in hybrid genomes across localities. In the absence of clearly delimited ‘hybrid habitats’, our results suggest that complex epistatic interactions within genomes play an important role in advanced stages of RI between these ecologically divergent forest trees. This calls for more genomic studies that test for unusual patterns of genomic ancestry in hybridizing species.
Exploring the Impacts of Cognitive and Metacognitive Prompting on Students’ Scientific Inquiry Practices Within an E-Learning Environment

This study explores the effects of metacognitive and cognitive prompting on the scientific inquiry practices of students with various levels of initial metacognition. Two junior high school classes participated in this study. One class, the experimental group (n = 26), which received an inquiry-based curriculum with a combination of cognitive and metacognitive prompts, was compared to the other class, the comparison group (n = 25), which received only cognitive prompts in the same curriculum. Data sources included a test of inquiry practices, a questionnaire of metacognition, and worksheets. The results showed that the mixed cognitive and metacognitive prompts had significant impacts on the students’ inquiry practices, especially their planning and analyzing abilities. Furthermore, the mixed prompts appeared to have a differential effect on those students with lower level metacognition, who showed significant improvement in their inquiry abilities. A combination of cognitive and metacognitive prompts during an inquiry cycle was found to promote students’ inquiry practices.
Gabor-Based Nonuniform Scale-Frequency Map for Environmental Sound Classification in Home Automation

This work presents a novel feature extraction approach called nonuniform scale-frequency map for environmental sound classification in home automation. For each audio frame, important atoms from the Gabor dictionary are selected by using the Matching Pursuit algorithm. After the system disregards phase and position information, the scale and frequency of the atoms are extracted to construct a scale-frequency map. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA) are then applied to the scale-frequency map, subsequently generating the proposed feature. During the classification phase, a segment-level multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) is operated. Experiments on a 17-class sound database indicate that the proposed approach can achieve an accuracy rate of 86.21%. Furthermore, a comparison reveals that the proposed approach is superior to the other time-frequency methods.
Perfectionism, dysfunctional achievement striving and burnout in aspiring athletes: the motivational implications for performing artists

While perfectionism is a personality characteristic that may energise heightened achievement striving and lead to considerable success, it may also elicit a range of maladaptive processes which undermine motivation, impair performance and contribute to psychological distress. This paper is informed by research on perfectionism in social, clinical and sport psychology. It presents evidence to suggest that perfectionism may have paradoxical effects on those seeking to excel in sport, and warns that the same debilitating processes may be observed in other performance contexts. After first outlining the nature of perfectionism, the paper attempts to differentiate perfectionism from adaptive achievement striving, and explain the process by which perfectionism may undermine the quality of motivation and contribute to burnout in aspiring athletes. It then presents evidence to demonstrate that this characteristic may have similarly debilitating consequences in the performing arts. Finally, the paper offers some practical strategies for those working with performing artists exhibiting perfectionistic tendencies. These strategies focus upon modification of psychological mechanisms which underpin debilitating patterns of cognition, affect and behaviour, and they suggest how perfectionism and its destructive effects might be successfully managed in performance contexts while enabling individuals to sustain high quality motivation in their pursuit of excellence.
Dapagliflozin, a Selective SGLT2 Inhibitor, Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Normal and Diabetic Rats

OBJECTIVE—The inhibition of gut and renal sodium-glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) has been proposed as a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of diabetes. We have identified dapagliflozin as a potent and selective inhibitor of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT2 in vitro and characterized its in vitro and in vivo pharmacology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Cell-based assays measuring glucose analog uptake were used to assess dapagliflozin's ability to inhibit sodium-dependent and facilitative glucose transport activity. Acute and multi-dose studies in normal and diabetic rats were performed to assess the ability of dapagliflozin to improve fed and fasting plasma glucose levels. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study was performed to assess the ability of dapagliflozin to improve glucose utilization after multi-dose treatment. RESULTS—Dapagliflozin potently and selectively inhibited human SGLT2 versus human SGLT1, the major cotransporter of glucose in the gut, and did not significantly inhibit facilitative glucose transport in human adipocytes. In vivo, dapagliflozin acutely induced renal glucose excretion in normal and diabetic rats, improved glucose tolerance in normal rats, and reduced hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats after single oral doses ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/kg. Once-daily dapagliflozin treatment over 2 weeks significantly lowered fasting and fed glucose levels at doses ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 mg/kg and resulted in a significant increase in glucose utilization rate accompanied by a significant reduction in glucose production. CONCLUSIONS—These data suggest that dapagliflozin has the potential to be an efficacious treatment for type 2 diabetes.
Orchestrator: An active resource orchestration framework for mobile context monitoring in sensor-rich mobile environments

In this paper, we present Orchestrator, an active resource orchestration framework for mobile context monitoring. Emerging pervasive environments will introduce a PAN-scale sensor-rich mobile platform consisting of a mobile device and many wearable and space-embedded sensors. In such environments, it is challenging to enable multiple context-aware applications requiring continuous context monitoring to simultaneously run and share highly scarce and dynamic resources. Orchestrator enables multiple applications to effectively share the resources while exploiting the full capacity of overall system resources and providing high-quality service to users. For effective orchestration, we propose an active resource use orchestration approach that actively finds appropriate resource uses for applications and flexibly utilizes them depending on dynamic system conditions. Orchestrator is built upon a prototype platform that consists of off-the-shelf mobile devices and sensor motes. We present the detailed design, implementation, and evaluation of Orchestrator. The evaluation results show that Orchestrator enables applications in a resource-efficient way.
Teaching contemporary psychodynamic theory for contemporary social work practice

Abstract Psychodynaniic theories, once an essential part of social work education but recently neglected, have been reinvigorated in recent years through contributions from social constructionism, infant research, and intersub‐jectivity. These theories, with their emphasis on multiple perspectives, context, and collaborative relationships allow for important considerations of diversity as well as clients’ strengths and resilience, and can serve as formats for the broadest forms of change. In its contemporary form, psychodynamic theory offers a complex and rich understanding of human behavior and a direction for practice that is utterly consistent with social work values and interests.
The Affective Quality of Human-Natural Environment Relationships

Using a psychometric methodology the present study explored the associations between natural environments and experiential feeling states. The effects of the frequency of participants' (N = 90) experience of the natural environment and of the location of their childhood upbringing were also investigated. Ten natural environments mapped on to an orthogonal two-component experiential structure labeled Eudemonia (ostensibly positive feelings) and Apprehension (ostensibly negative feelings). Generally, the more natural environments tended to be associated with higher eudemonia and higher apprehension, the less natural environments with both lower eudemonia and lower apprehension. In line with expectations, participants from rural childhood locations, compared with urban participants, reported less Apprehension and participants with greater experience of the natural environment, compared with participants with less experience, reported greater Eudemonia and less Apprehension. Results are discussed in relation to environmental experiences and affective psychological well-being.
Mustelid Herpesvirus-2, a Novel Herpes Infection in Northern Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni)

Oral ulcerations and plaques with epithelial eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were observed in northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) that died or were admitted for rehabilitation after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) in Alaska, USA. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of herpesviral virions. Additionally, a serologic study from 2004 to 2005 found a high prevalence of exposure to a herpesvirus in live-captured otters. Tissues from 29 otters after the EVOS and nasal swabs from 83 live-captured otters in the Kodiak Archipelago were tested for herpesviral DNA. Analysis identified a novel herpesvirus in the gamma subfamily, most closely related to Mustelid herpesvirus-1 from badgers. Results indicated that this herpesvirus is associated with ulcerative lesions but is also commonly found in secretions of healthy northern sea otters.
Assessing Three Sources of Misresponse to Reversed Likert Items

Data collected through multi-item Likert scales that contain reversed items often exhibit problems, such as unexpected factor structures and diminished scale reliabilities. These problems arise when respondents select responses on the same side of the scale neutral point for both reversed and nonreversed items, a phenomenon the authors call “misresponse. ” Across four experiments and an exploratory study using published data, the authors find that misresponse to reversed Likert items averaged approximately 20%, twice the level identified as problematic in previous simulation studies. Counter to prevailing thought, the patterns of misresponse and response latency across manipulated items could not be attributed to respondent inattention or acquiescence. Instead, the pattern supports an item verification difficulty explanation, which holds that task complexity, and thus misresponse and response latency, increases with the number of cognitive operations required for a respondent to compare a scale item with his or her belief. The observed results are well explained by the constituent comparison model.
Pathogenesis of Small Airways in Asthma

Asthma is a lung disease characterized by inflammation and remodeling of the airways. It is now widely accepted that airway inflammation and remodeling occur not only in the central airways but also in the small airways and even in the lung parenchyma. Inflammation of the distal lung can be observed even in mild asthmatics with normal or noncompromised lung function. Moreover, the small airways and the lung parenchyma can produce many Th2 cytokines and chemokines involved in initiation and perpetuation of the inflammatory process. In addition, the distal parts of the bronchial tree have been recognized as a predominant site of airflow obstruction in many asthmatics. In fact, the inflammation at this distal site has been described as more severe when compared to the large airway inflammation, and evidence of remodeling in the lung periphery is emerging. Recognition of asthma as a disease of the entire respiratory tract has an important clinical significance, highlighting the need to also consider the distal lung as a target in any therapeutic strategy for effective treatment of this disease.
How confidently can we infer health beliefs from questionnaire responses

Abstract Recent theoretical and empirical research has challenged the assumption of health psychologists employing social cognitive models that beliefs can confidently be inferred on the basis of questionnaire responses. It is charged that responses to questionnaires are a function of the intelligibility of the items, constructs and theoretical framework to survey participants. To investigate this contention, cognitions specified by Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) were measured with respect to intentions to use a condom and intentions to use dental floss. Three alternative formats of a questionnaire which varied the order of presentation of PMT items were distributed to student samples. Analyses showed that while questionnaire format did not affect the reliability of cognition measures, there was some variation in the significance and strength of correlations between PMT cognitions across formats. Individual differences in social desirability and salience of the target behaviour had small and predictab.
Optimized compression of triangle mesh geometry using prediction trees

Almost all triangle mesh compression algorithms to date are driven by the mesh connectivity code. The geometry code usually employs a straightforward prediction method applied to the vertex sequence as dictated by the connectivity code. This generates a suboptimal geometry code, which results in significant loss in code efficiency, since the geometry dominates the mesh information content. The paper proposes a manifold mesh code which optimizes the geometric component, at the slight expense of the connectivity code. This mesh geometry code is shown to be up to 50% more compact than the state-of-the-art geometry code of Touma and Gotsman (1998), especially for models with non-smooth geometry, such as CAD models.