Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
À la recherche de l’Arlésienne : l’enseignement commercial en France (1800-1940)

Malgre quelques travaux recents l’enseignement commercial francais demeure encore peu connu, si l’on excepte les grandes ecoles de commerce. Cet article se propose de determiner l’evolution chronologique, le contenu et la differenciation sexuee de cet enseignement pour la periode 1800-1940 a partir d’une approche quantitative et par l’examen de plus d’une centaine de programmes scolaires. Il permet de mettre a jour un demarrage relativement tardif et par petites etapes, entre 1890 et 1920. Il montre que les filles, apparues discretement a partir des annees 1850, n’investissent vraiment cet enseignement que durant l’entre-deux-guerres. Il constate aussi que les programmes scolaires ne sont pas trop differents durant cette periode. Des programmes specifiques aux ecoles commerciales des filles apparaissent d’ailleurs tardivement. En revanche, a partir des annees 1920, la presence des filles s’observe par le developpement des cours de stenodactylographie susceptibles de leur permettre de trouver des emplois dans les bureaux, les administrations et les banques.
Stress-Induced Phenylpropanoid Metabolism.

Phenylpropanoid compounds encompass a wide range of structural classes and biological functions. Limiting discussion to stress-induced phenylpropanoids eliminates few of the structural classes, because many compounds thst are constitutive in one plant species or tissue can be induced by various stresses in another species or in another tissue of the same plant (Beggs et al., 1987; Christie et al., 1994).
Evaluation of dried vegetables residues for poultry: II. Effects of feeding cabbage leaf residues on broiler performance, ileal digestibility and total tract nutrient digestibility

&NA; A study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial replacing corn and soybean meal with dried cabbage leaf residues (DCR) on broiler growth performance, apparent ileal nutrient digestibility, and apparent total tract nutrient utilization. Dietary treatments include 4 levels of DCR (0, 3, 6, and 9%). Two hundred and twenty‐four day‐old male broilers were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (8 cage replicates; 7 birds/cage) and grown over a 35‐d experimental period. Results showed that feeding DCR had no effects on daily body weigh gain (average 53.4 g/d), daily feed intake (average 94.9 g/d), and feed conversion ratio (average 1.78 g of feed/g of gain). Inclusion of DCR reduced apparent ileal DM (quadratic effect, P < 0.001), OM (linear effect, P = 0.012), and CP (quadratic effect, P = 0.001) digestibility of younger birds (d 21) while incremental levels of DCR had no effect on apparent ileal nutrient digestibilities of older birds (d 35). Apparent total tract digestibility of DM, OM, and CP increased (linear effect, P < 0.001) as the level of DCR increased. It was concluded that the inclusion of DCR in broiler diets up to 9% had no negative impact on bird performance and apparent ileal digestibility of older birds and improved apparent total tract nutrient digestibility.
Differential utilization of calcitonin gene regulatory DNA sequences in cultured lines of medullary thyroid carcinoma and small-cell lung carcinoma

Regulation of expression of the human calcitonin gene was found to differ between two tumor lines of different tissue origin, medullary thyroid carcinoma (TT line) and small-cell lung carcinoma (DMS53 line). Distal 5' DNA elements between -750 and -2000 exhibited a stronger basal activity in DMS53 than in TT cells, whereas proximal DNA sequences between -132 and -252 mediated a dramatic cyclic AMP response in TT but not DMS53 cells.
Real-Time Lecture Transcription using ASR for Czech Hearing Impaired or Deaf Students

This paper describes a client-server system developed to enable hearing impaired persons to participate in lectures by providing real-time displayed transcripts. The core of this system is formed by an ASR module running on a recognition server and processing the input audio-video stream. This engine utilizes a large lexicon, topic-specific language models mixed properly from various sources (e.g. transcripts of spontaneous utterances, theses, web discussions) and unsupervised incremental speaker adaptation methods to cope with spontaneous lecture speech in highly inflective Czech language. The raw output of the ASR module is converted into a more readable form using a developed post-processing module based on finite state transducers. The resulting formated text (i.e. containing punctuation marks, digit strings, etc) is then displayed on the screen of each client device (e.g. notebook or tablet) in the lecture room.
Understanding Communities via Hashtag Engagement: A Clustering Based Approach

We develop insight into community use of hashtags on social media and find that hashtags with behavior indicative of real world communities are more engaging. To do this, we study the relationship of hashtag usage with user engagement on Twitter. Hashtag engagement is useful as a surrogate measure of how active community members are. We develop a framework for describing hashtag temporal usage, show the existence of 4 broad classes of hashtags, and show that the engagement of a hashtag varies significantly between classes. Periodically used hashtags, such as for TV shows and weekly community chats, are the most engaging, while hashtags relating to events are the least engaging. Looking at how community dynamics vary within this framework reveals that a hashtag being used more frequently is not positively correlated with it being more engaging. We then explore the periodically used hashtags and find negative correlations with diversity of the user base, which implies concentrated communities are the most engaging. We conclude by studying a set of community conversation-oriented hashtags and find these hashtags to be more engaging than other hashtags, regardless of dynamic type. Our findings support the hypothesis that hashtags with stronger community behavior are more engaging.
Temporal response of positive and negative regulators in response to acute and chronic exercise training in mice

• Angiogenic regulators respond to acute exercise with different temporal expression patterns (e.g. 2–4 h versus 12–24 h) creating a complex multifaceted response that must be considered in studies using a single time point for post‐exercise analyses. • In response to chronic training there appears to be a complex coordination in the proteomic responses of both positive and negative angiogenic factors that correspond with training‐induced muscle capillary adaptation, such that altered basal expression and acute responses to exercise appear to withdraw or reduce the stimulus of angiogenic regulators in an expanding capillary bed with active angiogenesis. • These are the first data to show that nucleolin (a protein responsible for transcriptional processing and transportation of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus) is responsive to acute exercise. We speculate that nucleolin may work in concert with vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF) and endostatin. • Temporal responses observed in mice, particularly for VEGF, MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, may not be directly comparable to humans.
Instantaneous Frequency of the Left Sideband Harmonic During the Start-Up Transient: A New Method for Diagnosis of Broken Bars

In this paper, a new method for detecting the presence of broken rotor bars is presented. The proposed approach is valid for induction machines started at constant frequency and consists of extracting the instantaneous frequency (IF) of the left sideband harmonic (LSH) from the start-up current (LSHst), via the Hilbert transform. It is shown that, in the case of machines with one or several broken bars, the IF of the LSHst exhibits a very characteristic and easy to identify pattern, which is physically justified. This paper also shows that, if the IF of the LSHst is represented against the slip, a universal fault indicator (nondependent neither on the machine characteristics nor on the starting conditions) can be defined. This fault indicator consists of the correlation between the experimental IF of the LSHst and its theoretical evolution. This approach is theoretically introduced and experimentally validated by testing a commercial motor in faulty and healthy conditions, under different operating conditions.
Chemical Constituents of Ligularia Wilsoniana Collected in Chongqing, China

The chemical constituents of Ligularia wilsoniana were studied for the first time, using four samples collected in Chongqing City, China. Two new compounds, 6β-(2′,3′-epoxy-2′-methylpropanoyloxy)-1β,10β-epoxyfuranoeremophilane and 11αH-6β-(2′-hydroxymethylacryloyloxy)-1β,10β;7β,8β-diepoxyeremophilanolide, as well as eight known compounds, were isolated from one of the samples, while three to four known furanoeremophilanes were isolated from the other three samples. No compound was common to the two classes of the samples, demonstrating the presence of at least two chemotypes of this species.
Atlas des räumlichen Wandels der Schweiz = Atlas des mutations spatiales de la Suisse

Keywords: Schweiz Soziookonomischer Wandel Atlas ; Bevolkerungsgeographie Schweiz Atlas ; Schweiz Bevolkerungsgeographie Atlas ; Soziookonomischer Wandel Schweiz Atlas ; Schweiz Raumentwicklung ; Schweiz Soziookonomischer Wandel ; Anthropogeographie ; Atlas ; raumentwicklung (raumordnung) ; wirtschaftsgeographie ; politische geographie + geopolitik ; bevoelkerungsverteilung/raumordnung ; bevoelkerungsstatistik + volkszaehlungen + demographie ; schweiz (mitteleuropa). schweizerische eidgenossenschaft ; thematische atlanten ; landesatlanten (div. themen) ; thematische karten ; AMENAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE/DEVELOPPEMENT ; PROCEDURES ; GEOGRAPHIE/ECONOMIQUEGEOGRAPHIE POLITIQUE + GEOPOLITIQUE AMENAGEMENT DU TERRITOIRE/FACTEURS DEMOGRAPHIQUES ; DEMOGRAPHIE + STATISTIQUE DEMOGRAPHIQUE + RECENSEMENT ; SUISSE (EUROPE CENTRALE). CONFEDERATION SUISSE Reference LASUR-BOOK-2007-001 Record created on 2007-05-07, modified on 2016-08-08
Fuzzy Clustering Ensemble with Selection of Number of Clusters

Existing clustering ensemble algorithms for partitioning data need to know the generating process of clustering members clearly and most of them are not suitable to categorical data . In order to partition categorical data conveniently, at same time broaden the application of clustering ensemble, a fuzzy clustering ensemble algorithm was proposed in this paper , which not only can be used to classify categorical data, but also be used to combine results of multi clustering for numerical data or mixed categorical and numerical data. The proposed algorithm firstly ma de use of relationship degree between different attributes to prun e part of attributes. Next, took the distribution of clustering members into account , Descartes subset and relationship degree between any two different objects were used for establishing the relationships between objects , which were under unsupervised circumstances and could get the minimum value of objective function of clustering and obtain corresponding optimal partitions. Then, choose the number of clusters satisfying the difference and differential rate of objective function local maximum as the optimal number of clusters and its corresponding partitions are optimal clustering. Finally, the proposed algorithm was applied in Synthesis dataset, Fellow- S mall dataset , Zoo dataset , and results show the algorithm is effective and feasible.
Origin of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) from swine affected by PCV2-associated diseases in Croatia

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) causes some of the most significant economic losses in pig production. Several multisystemic syndromes have been attributed to PCV2 infection, which are known as PCV2-associated diseases (PCVDs). This study investigated the origin and evolution of PCV2 sequences in domestic pigs and wild boars affected by PCVDs in Croatia. Viral sequences were recovered from three wild boars diagnosed with PCV2-systemic disease (PCV2-SD), 63 fetuses positive for PCV2 DNA as determined by PCR, 14 domestic pigs affected with PCV2-SD (displaying severe interstitial nephritis) and five domestic pigs with proliferative and necrotising pneumonia. Seventeen complete PCV2 genomes were recovered. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses based on median-joining phylogenetic networks, amino acid alignments and principal coordinate analysis were performed using complete genomes, as well as complete and partial ORF sequences for ORF1 and ORF2. Two of the 17 PCV2 sequences belonged to PCV2a, 14 to PCV2b and one was unclustered. PCV2b was the predominant genotype in Croatia and has been linked to international trade as a route of introduction. Correlation between particular viral strains with PCVDs is lacking.
Uso de marcadores moleculares en plantas; aplicaciones en frutales del trópico

Uso de marcadores moleculares en plantas; aplicaciones en frutales del tropico. En el presente trabajo se realizo una revision bibliografica sobre el uso de marcadores moleculares en plantas, con enfasis en el uso de los mismos en especies frutales del tropico. Comprende aspectos relativos al uso e importancia, ventajas, desventajas y caracteristicas, evolucion de las principales metodologias de marcaje a traves del tiempo y una explicacion de las tecnicas de uso mas frecuente. Por ultimo, se presenta una lista de las publicaciones mas relevantes hasta el ano 2005. En esta se indican los autores, la especie estudiada, el objetivo del trabajo, la tecnica empleada asi como los principales resultados obtenidos.
Polarity reinforcement: Sentiment polarity identification by means of social semantics

We propose a combination of machine learning and socially constructed concepts for the task of sentiment polarity identification. Detecting words with polarity is difficult not only due to limitations in current sentiment dictionaries but also due to the colloquial terms that are often used. Current approaches disregard the dynamics of language, i.e. that new words are often created comprising different polarities. In fact, the online community is very creative in coining terms about certain subjects such as “tweetup” (a request by a user to meet with friends via Twitter) or “whack” (Street slang, meaning bad). Our approach utilizes a user generated dictionary of urban term definitions as a resource for polarity concepts. Therefore, we are not only able to map newly created words to their respective polarity but also enhance common expressions with additional features and reinforce the polarity, strengthening our initial finding. We empirically show that the use of polarity reinforcement improves the sentiment classification.
N-(2-Methoxybenzyl)-9-(oxolan-2-yl)-9H-purin-6-amine

The title compound, C17H19N5O2, features an almost planar purine skeleton (r.m.s. deviation = 0.009 Å) substituted by a tetrahydrofuran ring, which adopts an envelope conformation. The purine and benzene rings subtend a dihedral angle of 66.70 (3)°. In the crystal, pairs of N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect adjacent molecules into inversion dimers. C—H⋯N, C—H⋯O, C—H⋯π and π–π interactions [pyrimidine ring centroid–centroid distance = 3.3909 (1) Å] connect the dimers into a three-dimensional architecture.
Combined Use of Pulsed Arterial Spin-Labeling and Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Stroke at 3T

Background and Purpose: In acute stroke it is no longer sufficient to detect simply ischemia, but also to try to evaluate reperfusion/recanalization status and predict eventual hemorrhagic transformation. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion may have advantages over contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (cePWI), and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) has an intrinsic sensitivity to paramagnetic effects in addition to its ability to detect small areas of bleeding and hemorrhage. We want to determine here if their combined use in acute stroke and stroke follow-up at 3T could bring new insight into the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke leading to eventual improved patient management. Methods: We prospectively examined 41 patients admitted for acute stroke (NIHSS >1). Early imaging was performed between 1 h and 2 weeks. The imaging protocol included ASL, cePWI, SWI, T2 and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), in addition to standard stroke protocol. Results: We saw four kinds of imaging patterns based on ASL and SWI: patients with either hypoperfusion and hyperperfusion on ASL with or without changes on SWI. Hyperperfusion was observed on ASL in 12/41 cases, with hyperperfusion status that was not evident on conventional cePWI images. Signs of hemorrhage or blood-brain barrier breakdown were visible on SWI in 15/41 cases, not always resulting in poor outcome (2/15 were scored mRS = 0–6). Early SWI changes, together with hypoperfusion, were associated with the occurrence of hemorrhage. Hyperperfusion on ASL, even when associated with hemorrhage detected on SWI, resulted in good outcome. Hyperperfusion predicted a better outcome than hypoperfusion (p = 0.0148). Conclusions: ASL is able to detect acute-stage hyperperfusion corresponding to luxury perfusion previously reported by PET studies. The presence of hyperperfusion on ASL-type perfusion seems indicative of reperfusion/collateral flow that is protective of hemorrhagic transformation and a marker of favorable tissue outcome. The combination of hypoperfusion and changes on SWI seems on the other hand to predict hemorrhage and/or poor outcome.
Introduction to Statistical Quality Control

of it means — however, if the reader has previously failed to understand these terms, I doubt that the discussion will help. It may help newcomers. On the other hand, some things are misstated here including “[t]he closer to ±1, the closer to a perfect linear relationship. ” However, it is easy to obtain a high correlation (over .8) with a nonlinear relationship (Anscombe 1973; Analytical Methods Committee 1988). Finally, Chapter 7 provides help on searching for information. Each chapter ends with an “on your own” section of exercises—I found many of these confusing. The author’s website for this book, checked on 10/11/06, is still in the very early stages; most of the material was written before the book. There is no section on correction of errors. The author states that “I plan to add resources when I have time, such as answers to On your Own exercises and a bibliography with live links to the free full text when available. ” Notwithstanding my negative comments and tone above, there are valuable points here; they are, however, generally too hard to find and some of them are undercut by the author’s misguided attempt to be “fair. ” If the author were to clean up the typographical errors and omissions and highlight the main points, the result would be a much better book.
Analysis of Stream Ciphers Based on Theoretic Approach

: This paper is intended to determine the strength of modern security systems by theoretic approach. The design of existing security system is based on complexity of algorithm and secrecy of key. Besides, several parameters exists that may be useful to determine the strength of cryptosystem. Spurious keys gives text like text as decrypted output to a cryptogram and leads to confusion in proceeding towards unique solution during cryptanalysis. A system rich in spurious keys can be considered as more secured system. This paper presents analysis on stream ciphers and provides a construct model with rich spurious keys. The paper also shows the effect of implementation of Natural Language Model in security system
Biosynthesis of bacterial glycogen: purification and structural properties of Rhodospirillum tenue adenosine diphosphate glucose synthetase

Adenosine diphosphate glucose synthetase from the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum tenue has been purified greater than 95%. The molecular weight of the enzyme is approximately 215,000, with a subunit molecular weight of about 51,000. The enzyme appears to be composed of four similar if not identical subunits. Although the amino acid composition of the enzyme is similar to that of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, no apparent homology has been observed between their N-terminal amino acid sequences. Antisera prepared against the R. tenue enzyme can partially inhibit the activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose synthetases from other photosynthetic bacteria.
Orthogonal Regression Based Multihop Localization Algorithm for Large-Scale Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

For large-scale underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) with a minority of anchor nodes, multihop localization is a popular scheme for determining the geographical positions of normal nodes. However, existing multihop localization studies have considered the anchor positions to be free of errors, which is not a valid assumption in practice. In this paper, the problems existing in nonlinear least square-based node self-localization schemes are analyzed, and the biased distribution characteristic of multihop distance estimation errors is pointed out. Then, the orthogonal regression method is employed for the localization of normal nodes in the presence of anchor position errors. In particular, the influences of errors in independent variables and biases in dependent variables on node coordinate estimation are taken into account simultaneously. Extensive simulation results illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of our method.
Protein coadaptation and the design of novel approaches to identify protein–protein interactions

Proteins rarely function in isolation but they form part of complex networks of interactions with other proteins within or among cells. The importance of a particular protein for cell viability is directly dependent upon the number of interactions where it participates and the function it performs: the larger the number of interactions of a protein the greater its functional importance is for the cell. With the advent of genome sequencing and “omics” technologies it became feasible conducting large‐scale searches for protein interacting partners. Unfortunately, the accuracy of such analyses has been underwhelming owing to methodological limitations and to the inherent complexity of protein interactions. In addition to these experimental approaches, many computational methods have been developed to identify protein–protein interactions by assuming that interacting proteins coevolve resulting from the coadaptation dynamics between the amino acids of their interacting faces. We review the main technological advances made in the field of interactomics and discuss the feasibility of computational methods to identify protein–protein interactions based on the estimation of coevolution. As proof‐of‐concept, we present a classical case study: the interactions of cell surface proteins (receptors) and their ligands. Finally, we take this discussion one step forward to include interactions between organisms and species to understand the generation of biological complexity. Development of technologies for accurate detection of protein–protein interactions may shed light on processes that go from the fine‐tuning of pathways and metabolic networks to the emergence of biological complexity. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(4): 264–271, 2011