Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study 1 : Predicting the End of Emerging Adult Romantic Relationships

The goal of this research was to identify predictors of college students’ relationship dissolution and how a relationship education (RE) curriculum integrated into a college course (Relationship U [RU]) influenced students’ breakup (BU) and relationship formation decisions. Study 1 (n 1⁄4 854) showed the strongest predictors of BU by the end of the semester were low relationship efficacy, dedication, satisfaction, and relationship length and greater emotional safety, distance, and extradyadic behavior. Study 2 (n 1⁄4 7,957) examined the perceived influence of RU on students’ decisions to end and begin relationships through thematic analysis of open-ended questions asking participants to identify what (if any) aspect of the curriculum influenced their decisions. Participant responses highlighted specific RE components differentially salient to their decisions to end and begin romantic relationships. Implications for creating tailored and adaptive RE curricula with emerging adults are discussed.
Constitution of the Terrestrial Planets

IN a paper, "On the Constitution of the Terrestrial Planets", by W. H. Ramsey (Mon. Not. Roy. Astro. Soc., 108, 5 ; 1948), it is suggested that the earth' core and mantle are not chemically distinct. Seismological data show that the earth has a central core which occupies about one-sixth of its total volume and contains about one-third of its mass, and it has been generally assumed that the material of this core is an alloy of iron and nickel. The core is mainly responsible for the earth' high mean density–the highest in the solar system. The high masses of the four great outer planets have enabled them to retain hydrogen and other volatile substances, and this explains their comparatively low densities ; but the fact that the terrestrial planets have mean densities smaller than that of the earth presents a difficulty.
Bayesian and Robust Nash Equilibria in Hydrodominated Systems Under Uncertainty

In this paper, we model strategic interaction of multiple producers in hydrodominated power systems under uncertainty as an equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints (EPEC), reformulated as a stochastic mixed-integer linear program with disjunctive constraints. We model strategic hydropower producers who can affect the market price by submitting strategic bids in quantity, price, and ramp rate. The bids are submitted to the system operator who minimizes the dispatch cost. We take into account the hydrospecific constraints and uncertainty in the system. Solving the problem results in finding Nash equilibria. We discuss two types of Nash equilibria under uncertainty: Bayesian and robust Nash equilibria. Large EPEC instances can be solved using a decomposition method—Modified Benders Decomposition Approach. This method eliminates the problem of tuning the disjunctive parameter and reduces the memory requirements, resulting in improved computation time.
Patterns or mechanisms? Bergmann’s and Rapoport’s rule in moths along an elevational gradient

Bergmann’s rule predicts increasing body sizes at higher elevations. The elevational Rapoport’s rule predicts an increase of elevational range size with higher elevations. Both rules have often been related to effects of temperature. Larger bodies allow more efficient heat preservation at lower temperature, explaining Bergmann’s rule. Higher temperature variability may select for adaptations that allow increased range sizes, explaining Rapoport’s rule. The generality of both rules has been challenged and evidence towards explanatory mechanisms has been equivocal. We investigated temperature and its variability as explanations for Bergmann’s and Rapoport’s rule in moths along an elevation gradient in Switzerland. In particular, we tested for relationships between elevation, temperature and body size across almost 300 species of Macrolepidoptera along a gradient from 600 to 2400 m a.s. l. The gradient was resampled throughout the vegetation season, which allowed assessing temperature effects independently from elevation. We controlled analyses for covariate traits of moths and their phylogeny. We found a positive relationship between body size and elevation, but no link with temperature. Furthermore, there was no positive link between average elevation and elevational range, but there was between temperature variability and elevational range. We conclude that mechanisms other than temperature can lead to increasing body sizes with elevation (supporting Bergmann’s pattern, but not the mechanism). Contrary to that, data support the mechanism for Rapoport’s rule: high temperature variability is associated with large ranges. However, because temperature variability is not necessarily increasing with elevation, it may not always lead to the geographic pattern predicted.
Evaluating and Predicting the Ultimate Biochemical Methane Potential for Solid Waste from Short-Term Monitoring Data.

BAO, LELE. Evaluating and Predicting the Ultimate Biochemical Methane Potential for Solid Waste from Short-Term Monitoring Data. (Under the direction of Dr. Morton A. Barlaz). The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test is considered to be a relatively reliable and simple procedure to evaluate methane production of a substrate under anaerobic conditions. The BMP test can be used to provide methane production information for landfill gas recovery projects, to measure the biodegradability of materials that claim to be degradable under anaerobic conditions, and to evaluate the potential toxicity of various materials and leachate. In previous research, the incubation time for BMP tests was often about 100 days and methane production at the end of tests was considered as the ultimate yield. The objectives of this research were to: 1) determine the effect of alternate inocula on methane production, 2) evaluatethe time required for different sample types (municipal solid waste (MSW), green waste, wood and paper) to reach their ultimate methane yield, and 3) to determine whether short-term monitoring data (less than 120 days) can be used to predict the ultimate BMP for the four sample types. BMP tests were conducted in 160-mL serum bottles incubated at 37°C. To date, samples have been incubated for more than 600 days.Results showed that the BMP measured at 90 days was about 26.1% and 20.7% (median value) greater using anaerobic sewage sludge and leachate as inocula relative to a laboratory-derived culture. In long-term tests with the laboratory culture inoculum, a relationship between (C+H)/L ratio and BMP was observed in MSW and green waste samples (R 2 =0.93 and 0.94, respectively). Shorter incubation times (less than 120 days) can be used to estimate the total methane yields, by using BMPt/BMP (methane yield in first t days over experimental total yield) and/or first-order decay model methods. When using BMPt/BMP method, recommended incubation times to obtain sufficient data to extrapolate total methane production for MSW, green waste, wood and paper are 30, 60, 120 and 60 days, respectively. Using the first-order decay model method, the required monitoring times are 150 days for green waste and 120 days for MSW, wood and paper.
Aptamer Therapeutics in Cancer: Current and Future

Aptamer-related technologies represent a revolutionary advancement in the capacity to rapidly develop new classes of targeting ligands. Structurally distinct RNA and DNA oligonucleotides, aptamers mimic small, protein-binding molecules and exhibit high binding affinity and selectivity. Although their molecular weight is relatively small—approximately one-tenth that of monoclonal antibodies—their complex tertiary folded structures create sufficient recognition surface area for tight interaction with target molecules. Additionally, unlike antibodies, aptamers can be readily chemically synthesized and modified. In addition, aptamers’ long storage period and low immunogenicity are favorable properties for clinical utility. Due to their flexibility of chemical modification, aptamers are conjugated to other chemical entities including chemotherapeutic agents, siRNA, nanoparticles, and solid phase surfaces for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. However, as relatively small sized oligonucleotides, aptamers present several challenges for successful clinical translation. Their short plasma half-lives due to nuclease degradation and rapid renal excretion necessitate further structural modification of aptamers for clinical application. Since the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the first aptamer drug, Macugen® (pegaptanib), which treats wet-age-related macular degeneration, several aptamer therapeutics for oncology have followed and shown promise in pre-clinical models as well as clinical trials. This review discusses the advantages and challenges of aptamers and introduces therapeutic aptamers under investigation and in clinical trials for cancer treatments.
A novel tensile test device for effective testing of high-modulus multi-filament yarns

The paper introduces a novel clamp adapter with the goal to improve the quality of the tensile test setup for high-modulus multi-filament yarns. Common tensile test machines damage the yarns initially or prematurely due to non-uniform load introduction which causes stress concentrations. As a result, the theoretical yarn strength (perfectly clamped filaments at a unique length and no initial damage) is underestimated. With the new clamp adapter, higher strengths close to the theoretical values can be measured since the adapter largely eliminates the problems with non-uniform load introduction. A test series comparing yarns strengths tested with the clamp adapter and with commonly used test methods has been performed and the results are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, they are compared with theoretical values using the Daniels’ fibre-bundle model.
Combined Detection of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and CEA as an Independent Prognostic Factor in Nonmetastatic Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Resection Is Superior to NLR or CEA Alone

Objective To explore the role of combined detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prognostic assessment of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods We investigated preoperative NLR and CEA in 125 surgical CRC patients, determined the patients' thresholds by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and assessed their prognostic values by Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression models. In addition, we used nomograms of several risk factors to evaluate the risk in survival and predictive accuracy by using Harrell's concordance index (c-index). Results Results of multivariate analysis showed high NLR, high CEA, and high COCN (combination of CEA and NLR) were significantly correlated with decreased disease-free survival (DFS) [HR: 2.229, 95% CI: 1.012–4.911, and P = 0.047; HR: 3.652, 95% CI: 1.630–8.179, and P = 0.002; HR: 3.139, 95% CI: 1.800–5.472, and P < 0.001]. But high CEA and COCN remained significant only for decreased overall survival (OS) [HR: 3.713, 95% CI: 1.396–9.873, and P = 0.009; HR: 3.106, 95% CI: 1.576–6.123, and P = 0.001]. High NLR showed higher mortality rates with worse OS (P = 0.058), and nomograms containing NLR improved the predictive accuracy. Area under the curve of COCN was higher than that of CEA or NLR. Conclusion COCN acts as a better independent prognostic biomarker of CRC than NLR or CEA alone.
Extended depth-of-field in holographic image reconstruction using deep learning based auto-focusing and phase-recovery

Holography encodes the three dimensional (3D) information of a sample in the form of an intensity-only recording. However, to decode the original sample image from its hologram(s), auto-focusing and phase-recovery are needed, which are in general cumbersome and time-consuming to digitally perform. Here we demonstrate a convolutional neural network (CNN) based approach that simultaneously performs auto-focusing and phase-recovery to significantly extend the depth-of-field (DOF) in holographic image reconstruction. For this, a CNN is trained by using pairs of randomly de-focused back-propagated holograms and their corresponding in-focus phase-recovered images. After this training phase, the CNN takes a single back-propagated hologram of a 3D sample as input to rapidly achieve phase-recovery and reconstruct an in focus image of the sample over a significantly extended DOF. This deep learning based DOF extension method is non-iterative, and significantly improves the algorithm time-complexity of holographic image reconstruction from O(nm) to O(1), where n refers to the number of individual object points or particles within the sample volume, and m represents the focusing search space within which each object point or particle needs to be individually focused. These results highlight some of the unique opportunities created by data-enabled statistical image reconstruction methods powered by machine learning, and we believe that the presented approach can be broadly applicable to computationally extend the DOF of other imaging modalities.
Modeling the Performance of Bi-Textured Micropillar Array as a Wicked Evaporator

In the present work, the performance of bi-textured micro pillar arrays has been modeled as a wicked evaporator to provide steam flow via the thin film evaporation mechanism. Bi-textured micro pillar evaporator consists of an array with rough hydrophilic pillar bases and smooth hydrophobic tips. Water wicks between the rough hydrophilic sections of the micro pillar array to cover the surface, and vaporizes from the thin films that are formed in the vicinity of the pillar walls. The stability of the phase change mechanism is increased due to the change in direction of the capillary forces at the rough-smooth interface of micro pillars. The experimental results show that the pure evaporation mechanism occurs for a surface temperature above saturation on the bi-textured micro pillar array. The numerical analysis shows that there are optimal micro pillar dimensions for each surface temperature. The evaporation mass flow rate at the optimum dimensions is higher than the pool boiling mass flow rate on a bare surface at the same surface temperature. However, the wicked evaporator performance decreases for larger evaporator sizes.
Fabrication and Characterization of Electrospun Nano to Microfiber Made of Poly(L-Lactide-co-ε-Caprolactone)

This project aims to optimize the process parameters for fabricating Poly (L-Lactide-co-ε-Caprolactone) (PLCL) electrospun scaffolds to achieve fiber diameters within the ranges of ~500nm, 500nm~1µm and 1~3µm. Electronspun PLCL solutions of different concentrations (4wt% - 12wt%) were prepared using chloroform and dimethylformamide as solvents. The driving voltage and flow rate were varied from 10kV-30kV and 1ml/hr12ml/hr respectively while the gap distance was kept constant at 15cm. The effects of polymer concentration and process parameters on the properties of the scaffolds fabricated such as Youngs modulus, degree of crystallization and porosity were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to check the structural integrity (absence of beading and uniform diameter) of the fibers. An increase in polymer concentration resulted in an increase in fiber diameter. Flow rate also showed a positive correlation with fiber diameter. Results showed that Youngs modulus decreased with increasing fiber diameter. Porosity of 76% to 94% was achieved. The potential application of PLCL electrospun scaffolds in the tissue engineering of soft tissues was discussed.
Conceptualizing nurses' night work: an inductive content analysis.

AIM To develop a conceptual model of nurse-identified effects of night work. BACKGROUND Studies designed to predict shift work tolerance are frequently unsuccessful in incorporating the intersections between physiological, psychological and social issues involved in such work. Where nurses have been the participants of such studies they have rarely been involved in ways that would allow their points of view to be heard directly. Consequently, the issues of personal importance to nurses as shift and night workers in 24/7 organizations are rarely identified in discussions about that work. DESIGN Inductive qualitative content analysis. METHODS Survey responses were provided by 1355 night working RNs employed in a state/public health system in 2012. Data derived from open-ended questions about nurses' own perceptions of the advantages and disadvantages of night work are analysed here. RESULTS Four main categories providing a descriptive summary of the major elements of nurses' night work were identified: 'Lives' and 'Bodies' of night working nurses, the 'Work' of nurses at night and the nurses' 'Workplace' at night. CONCLUSION The work nurses undertake at night, and the demanding organizational and clinical environments where they do this are uniquely related to the time of day that this work occurs. The Nurses' Night Work model deconstructs the established binary considerations of the lives and bodies of workers to permit a 24/7-based consideration of nurses' night work and its frequently unacknowledged relationship with the day work required of the same nurses when working a rapidly but randomly rotating shift work schedule.
Cold Fusion: Massive Karyotype Evolution in the Antarctic Bullhead Notothen Notothenia coriiceps

Half of all vertebrate species share a series of chromosome fusions that preceded the teleost genome duplication (TGD), but we do not understand the causative evolutionary mechanisms. The “Robertsonian-translocation hypothesis” suggests a regular fusion of each ancestral acro- or telocentric chromosome to just one other by centromere fusions, thus halving the karyotype. An alternative “genome-stirring hypothesis” posits haphazard and repeated fusions, inversions, and reciprocal and nonreciprocal translocations. To study large-scale karyotype reduction, we investigated the decrease of chromosome numbers in Antarctic notothenioid fish. Most notothenioids have 24 haploid chromosomes, but bullhead notothen (Notothenia coriiceps) has 11. To understand mechanisms, we made a RAD-tag meiotic map with ∼10,000 polymorphic markers. Comparative genomics aligned about a thousand orthologs of platyfish and stickleback genes along bullhead chromosomes. Results revealed that 9 of 11 bullhead chromosomes arose by fusion of just two ancestral chromosomes and two others by fusion of three ancestral chromosomes. All markers from each ancestral chromosome remained contiguous, implying no inversions across fusion borders. Karyotype comparisons support a history of: (1) Robertsonian fusions of 22 ancestral chromosomes in pairs to yield 11 fused plus two small unfused chromosomes, like N. angustata; (2) fusion of one of the remaining two ancestral chromosomes to a preexisting fused pair, giving 12 chromosomes like N. rossii; and (3) fusion of the remaining ancestral chromosome to another fused pair, giving 11 chromosomes in N. coriiceps. These results raise the question of what selective forces promoted the systematic fusion of chromosomes in pairs and the suppression of pericentric inversions in this lineage, and provide a model for chromosome fusions in stem teleosts.
White-light whispering gallery mode resonances in optically levitated aerosol droplets

Introduction Understanding the behaviour of aerosols underpins a number of scientific disciplines including atmospheric science, engine combustion and drug delivery. In the study of aerosols, the basic chemical and physical properties, such as droplet size, refractive index, evaporation dynamics and chemical compositions are of great importance . The optical levitation of individual aerosol droplets is a well-established technique that is increasingly used in these studies and provides the advantage of a non-intrusive and precise means of aerosol manipulation and characterisation .
The rise of glyphosate and new opportunities for biosentinel early‐warning studies

Glyphosate has become the most commonly used herbicide worldwide and is reputedly environmentally benign, nontoxic, and safe for use near wildlife and humans. However, studies indicate its toxicity is underestimated and its persistence in the environment is greater than once thought. Its actions as a neurotoxin and endocrine disruptor indicate its potential to act in similar ways to persistent organic pollutants such as the organochlorines dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and dioxin. Exposure to glyphosate and glyphosate‐based herbicides for both wildlife and people is likely to be chronic and at sublethal levels, with multiple and ongoing exposure events occurring in urban and agricultural landscapes. Despite this, there has been little research on the impact of glyphosate on wildlife populations, and existing studies appear in the agricultural, toxicology, and water‐chemistry literature that may have limited visibility among wildlife biologists. These studies clearly demonstrate a link between chronic exposure and neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, cell damage, and immune suppression. There is a strong case for the recognition of glyphosate as an emerging organic contaminant and substantial potential exists for collaborative research among ecologists, toxicologists, and chemists to quantify the impact of glyphosate on wildlife and to evaluate the role of biosentinel species in a preemptive move to mitigate downstream impacts on people. There is scope to develop a decision framework to aid the choice of species to biomonitor and analysis methods based on the target contaminant, spatial and temporal extent of contamination, and perceived risk. Birds in particular offer considerable potential in this role because they span agricultural and urban environments, coastal, inland, and wetland ecosystems where glyphosate residues are known to be present.
Optimization of Iron Oxide Tracer Synthesis for Magnetic Particle Imaging

The optimization of iron oxide nanoparticles as tracers for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) alongside the development of data acquisition equipment and image reconstruction techniques is crucial for the required improvements in image resolution and sensitivity of MPI scanners. We present a large-scale water-based synthesis of multicore superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with dextran (MC-SPIONs). We also demonstrate the preparation of single core superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in organic media, subsequently coated with a poly(ethylene glycol) gallic acid polymer and phase transferred to water (SC-SPIONs). Our aim was to obtain long-term stable particles in aqueous media with high MPI performance. We found that the amplitude of the third harmonic measured by magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) at 10 mT is 2.3- and 5.8-fold higher than Resovist for the MC-SPIONs and SC-SPIONs, respectively, revealing excellent MPI potential as compared to other reported MPI tracer particle preparations. We show that the reconstructed MPI images of phantoms using optimized multicore and specifically single-core particles are superior to that of commercially available Resovist, which we utilize as a reference standard, as predicted by MPS.
Improving dynamic ownership scheme for data deduplication

Data deduplication technology used to enhance Cloud Storage space efficiency is a method of comparing data stored in the Cloud with new data to be uploaded. However, there are various security threats in deduplication process. In addition, there are various efficiency problems in solving these problems. Therefore, in this study, the research was conducted to solve this problem.