Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tear Patterns, Surgical Repair, and Clinical Outcomes of Patellar Tendon Ruptures After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With a Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Autograft

Background: Patellar tendon ruptures are rare after graft harvest for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Few reports are available in the literature. Purpose: To report the common tear patterns and results of treatment with tendon repair and cable augmentation. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All tendon ruptures were repaired to bone with suture anchors and augmented with a Dall-Miles cable, followed by an aggressive rehabilitation protocol. The tear location was recorded. Range of motion, strength, and subjective survey testing were conducted preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: Thirteen patellar tendon ruptures were found from our database of 5364 ACL reconstructions, for an incidence of 0.24%. Seven ruptures occurred from the patellar origin medially and the tibial attachment laterally in a Z-shaped pattern. Four were completely distal, and 2 were completely proximal ruptures. All patients exhibited early flexion loss, but 11 of 13 patients maintained full, terminal hyperextension throughout treatment. The mean postoperative side-to-side flexion deficit was 33° at 1 month, 6° at 3 months, and 3° at latest follow-up at a mean of 4.8 years after tendon repair (range, 1-16 years). By International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) criteria, 10 patients had normal flexion, and 3 were nearly normal at latest follow-up. Twelve patients had normal extension, and 1 had nearly normal extension at latest follow-up. Mean isokinetic quadriceps muscle strength was 68.7% of the other side at 3 months after repair and 100.0% at latest follow-up, occurring at a mean of 47.5 months (range, 12-120 months). At a mean of 2 years (range, 1-4 years) after repair, the mean modified Noyes subjective score was 89.8 ± 9.2. Conclusion: Patellar tendon ruptures are rare after ACL graft harvest. These ruptures usually occur in either a proximal-medial and distal-lateral pattern or an entirely distal pattern, in contrast to the proximal-only tear pattern commonly observed in unharvested patellar tendons. Good objective and subjective results were achieved with repair of postoperative patellar tendon ruptures using suture anchors and Dall-Miles cable augmentation, followed by aggressive, immediate range of motion exercises.
Explorer Novel PEX 11 B Mutations Extend the Peroxisome Biogenesis Disorder 14 B Phenotypic Spectrum and Underscore Congenital Cataract as an Early Feature

Citation for published version: Taylor, RL, Handley, MT, Waller, S, Campbell, C, Urquhart, J, Meynert, AM, Ellingford, JM, Donnelly, D, Wilcox, G, Lloyd, IC, Mundy, H, FitzPatrick, DR, Deshpande, C, Clayton-Smith, J & Black, GC 2017, 'Novel PEX11B Mutations Extend the Peroxisome Biogenesis Disorder 14B Phenotypic Spectrum and Underscore Congenital Cataract as an Early Feature' Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, vol 58, no. 1, pp. 594-603. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-21026
Morphological characteristics of eyes and retinas of two sardines (Sardinops melanostictus and Etrumeus sadina, Clupeidae) and an anchovy (Engraulis japonicus, Engraulididae)

The morphology of the eyes and distribution of retinal ganglion cells in two sardine species (Sardinops melanostictus and Etrumeus sadina, Clupeidae) and the Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus, Engraulididae) were investigated anatomically and histologically. The eyes of the sardines faced a slightly dorsolateral direction with the visual field extended obliquely upward. In contrast, the eyes in the anchovy were almost laterally directed. It was hypothesized that the sardines may have an advantage in receiving more downward irradiance compared with the anchovy. The lens muscle was larger in these three species than in many other teleosts, and its surface was entirely melanin‐pigmented. Also, the lens muscle directly and tightly adhered to the backside surface of the iris. The relative area of the lens muscle to the area of the lens, a referential value of the relative power of visual accommodation were notably larger in the species studied than in other teleost values that have been previously reported. A higher M/L% value of these clupeid fishes could facilitate fast and wide ranging visual accommodation and was considered to be associated with maintaining and/or re‐establishing school formations quickly. Analysis of topographical distributions of cells in the ganglion cell layer showed that cell density was highest in the ventrotemporal quadrant of the retina (temporal of the optic cleft) in all three species. Another potentially important role for the black‐pigmented lens muscle may be to block the specialized retinal area from intense sunlight that scatters and irradiates upward or laterally in the surface waters that they inhabit. Thus, the sardine and anchovy may take advantage of efficient detection of visual signals in the frontal‐upward direction and further improve visibility of the target in this direction. J. Morphol. 276:415–424, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PREDOMINANT CONTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTING POLYPEPTIDE OATP-B (OATP2B1) TO APICAL UPTAKE OF ESTRONE-3-SULFATE BY HUMAN INTESTINAL CACO-2 CELLS

Human organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP-B (OATP2B1) is a pH-sensitive transporter expressed in the apical membranes of small intestinal epithelial cells. In this study, we have examined the contribution of OATP-B to the uptake of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate in Caco-2 cells in comparison with those of its homologs OATP-D (OATP3A1) and OATP-E (OATP4A1). Immunocytochemical study revealed that OATP-B is expressed in the apical membranes of Caco-2 cells. The uptake of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate by Caco-2 cells was Na+-independent and inhibited by several organic anions. It showed biphasic saturation kinetics with Km values of 1.81 μM and 1.40 mM. The uptake of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate by human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells stably expressing OATP-B (HEK293/OATP-B) was also Na+-independent and inhibited by several organic anions. The Km value for estrone-3-sulfate uptake by OATP-B (1.56 μM) was close to that for the high-affinity component observed in Caco-2 cells. The mRNA expression level of OATP-B was higher than that of OATP-D or OATP-E in Caco-2 cells and in human jejunum biopsies from healthy volunteers. The values of [3H]estrone-3-sulfate uptake normalized to OATP-B mRNA expression were similar in Caco-2 cells and HEK293/OATP-B cells. The specific activity of OATP-B per mRNA expression was much higher than that of OATP-D and OATP-E. [3H]Estrone-3-sulfate uptake by membrane vesicles prepared from HEK293/OATP-B cells exhibited an overshoot phenomenon in the presence of an inwardly directed H+ gradient, suggesting that an H+ gradient is the driving force of estrone-3-sulfate transport by OATP-B. These results suggest that OATP-B is predominantly responsible for the apical uptake of estrone-3-sulfate in Caco-2 cells.
The Changing Role of Women in Models of Human Evolution

Imagine three anthropologists: A primatologist observes a female chimpanzee fashioning several crude tools from grass stems, which she will use to fish termites from an un­ derground nest over many hours, in the presence of her sometimes intrigued, sometimes impatient offspring. An ethnographer lives with a group of human foragers at one of their campsites on the edge of a waterhole, recording in detail the daily patterns of adult women and men as they go about their lives, obtaining and preparing food, caring for their children, enjoying their leisure, interacting with their neighbors. An archaeologist and a team of bone hunters fan out across an escarpment slowly descending the years, squatting every now and then to peer and scratch carefully at the surface; they walk and look and listen for the call that will signal a "find. " Probably the primatologist and ethnographer would quite properly deny that the objective of their research was the reconstruction of the lives of our earliest human ancestors. The latter is there first and foremost to understand the lives of these contemporary human beings before their way of living disappears entirely, and the former works to explicate the animal species for itself, another life form in danger of disappearing before we can understand it. Nonetheless, the information obtained from all these studies will be gathered up, if not by the original researchers, then by others, and woven into a scientific story of the origins and evolution of early human behavior. For we have a powerful urge to know our origins-scientists and public alike-allied
Childhood Sexual Abuse

This article examines the long-term sequelae of childhood sexual abuse in six areas: posttraumatic stress, cognitive distortions, altered emotionality, disturbed relatedness, avoidance, and impaired self-reference. It is concluded that childhood sexual abuse has a variety of long-term impacts and that the measurement strategies used to demonstrate these sequelae require further development.
The Optimal Multi-objective Optimization Using PSO in Blind Color Image Fusion

The particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a new swarm intelligence technique inspired by social behavior of bird flocking. In this paper, the optimal multi-objective optimization based on PSO (OMOPSO) is presented. Since the parameters determines the performance of the algorithm, the uniform design is introduced to obtain the optimal combination of the parameters. Additionally, a new crowding operator is used to improve the distribution of nondominated solutions, and epsiv-dominance is used to fix the size of the set of final solutions. OMOPSO is also applied to optimize the indices of blind color image fusion. First the model of blind color image fusion in YUV color space is established, and then the proper evaluation indices without the reference image are given, in which a new indices of conditional mutual information is proposed. Experimental results indicate that OMOPSO has better exploratory capabilities, and that the approach to blind color image fusion realizes the Pareto optimal blind color image fusion.
Becoming the expert - interactive multi-class machine teaching

Compared to machines, humans are extremely good at classifying images into categories, especially when they possess prior knowledge of the categories at hand. If this prior information is not available, supervision in the form of teaching images is required. To learn categories more quickly, people should see important and representative images first, followed by less important images later - or not at all. However, image-importance is individual-specific, i.e. a teaching image is important to a student if it changes their overall ability to discriminate between classes. Further, students keep learning, so while image-importance depends on their current knowledge, it also varies with time. In this work we propose an Interactive Machine Teaching algorithm that enables a computer to teach challenging visual concepts to a human. Our adaptive algorithm chooses, online, which labeled images from a teaching set should be shown to the student as they learn. We show that a teaching strategy that probabilistically models the student's ability and progress, based on their correct and incorrect answers, produces better `experts'. We present results using real human participants across several varied and challenging real-world datasets.
Development of an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and an Immunochromatographic Assay for Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Different Agricultural Products

Objective Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are considered hazardous substances because of their high toxicity to nontarget species and their persistence in the environment and agricultural products. Therefore, it is important to develop a rapid, sensitive, and economical method for detecting OP pesticides and their residues in food and the environment. Methods A broad, selective monoclonal antibody (MAb) for organophosphorus pesticides was produced. Based on the MAb, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunochromatography assay (ICA) for detecting OP pesticides in different agricultural products were developed using a binding inhibition format on microtiter plates and a membrane strip, respectively. Results Under the optimized conditions, the IC50 values of the ELISA ranged from 3.7 to 162.2 ng mL–1 for the 8 OP pesticides. The matrix interferences of Apple, Chinese cabbage, and greengrocery were removed by 40-fold dilution, the recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 79.1% to 118.1%. The IC50 values of ICA for the 8 OP pesticides ranged from 11.8 to 470.4 ng mL−1. The matrix interference was removed from the Chinese cabbage and Apple samples with 5-fold dilution, and the interference was removed from the greengrocery samples with 20-fold dilution. The recoveries from the spiked samples ranged between 70.6 and 131.9%. The established ELISA and ICA were specific selectivity for the 8 OP pesticides. Conclusions The established ELISA is a sensitive screening method for the detection of OP pesticides, but the ELISA detection method depends on a laboratory platform and requires a relative long assay time and several steps operation. The established ICA is very useful as a screening method for the quantitative, semi-quantitative or qualitative detection of OP pesticides in agricultural products, and it has advantages over ELISA methods with regard to factors such as the testing procedure, testing time, and matrix interferences, among others.
Elucidating Influenza Inhibition Pathways via Network Reconstruction

Viruses evade detection by the host immune system through the suppression of antiviral pathways. These pathways are thus obscured when measuring the host response to viral infection and cannot be inferred by current network reconstruction methodology. Here we aim to close this gap by providing a novel computational framework for the inference of such inhibited pathways as well as the proteins targeted by the virus to achieve this inhibition. We demonstrate the power of our method by testing it on the response to influenza infection in humans, with and without the viral inhibitory protein NS1, revealing its direct targets and their inhibitory effects.
Measuring Attitudes in Test‐Alien Cultures: When Illiteracy and Unfamiliarity Do Not Matter

This study reports the construction of an attitude scale called a “Shah attitude scale. ” This scale overcomes the problems of scale construction and attitude measurement in test-alien cultures peculiar to Western scales. The major problems with the use of these scales are the non-correspondence of the samples used in scale construction and attitude measurement, difficulty of their use with the illiterate and rural samples, unfamiliarity of their verbal character and the response modality. Our scale is simple to construct and can be easily used with every section of society. Its conceptualization and development is based upon the agreed upon bipolar definition of attitude and the ideas derived from well-known attitude scales. The scale is based upon trait adjectives and can be used easily in cross-cultural attitudinal studies.
Comparison of Guided and Discovery Learning Strategies

60 volunteer female university students randomly assigned to either a variable guidance, single guidance, or discovery group performed initial acquisition and transfer trials of the Mirror Target Toss Test. All three groups exhibited similar acquisition curves on the initial task. Significant differences on the last acquisition block and first transfer block were found between the discovery group and the variable-guidance group, with the former exhibiting the poorer performance. Means for the second transfer block were similar, indicating adjustment to the task.
Effects of Causal Text Revisions on More- and Less-Skilled Readers' Comprehension of Easy and Difficult Texts

The importance of causal structure has been well documented in text comprehension research. This study investigates how both easy and difficult texts can be improved by repairing the causal structure and how causal structure repairs can differentially affect comprehension for more- and less-skilled readers. Following causal network theories of comprehension, principled and replicable types of repairs were made. Causal repairs consisted of (a) arranging text events in temporal order; (b) making implicit goals explicit; and (c) repairing coherence breaks caused by inadequate explanation, multiple causality, or distant causal relations. More- and less-skilled readers read revised and original versions of easy and difficult history texts. Results indicate that both more- and less-skilled readers benefited from the revisions but only for the difficult text. Causal network theories of comprehension provide an appropriate and systematic method for revising texts.
Activated microglia provide a neuroprotective role by balancing glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor and tumor necrosis factor-α secretion after subacute cerebral ischemia

Microglia are the major immune cells in the central nervous system and play a key role in brain injury pathology. However, the role of activated microglia after subacute cerebral ischemia (SCI) remains unknown. To address this issue, we established a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model and treated pMCAO rats with N-(6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-phenanthridin-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylacetamide (PJ34) (an inhibitor of microglial activation), or with vehicle alone. Finally, we determined the differences between the PJ34-and vehicle-treated rats with respect to neurological deficits, infarct volume, neuronal loss and the expression of CD11b (a marker of microglial activation), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at 1, 3 and 7 days after treatment. We found that the PJ34-treated rats had more severe neurological deficits and a larger infarct volume and exhibited a decreased CD11b expression, more neuronal loss, decreased expression of GDNF mRNA and protein but increased expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein compared with the vehicle-treated rats at 3 and 7 days after treatment. These results indicate that activated microglia provide a neuroprotective role through balancing GDNF and TNF-α expression following SCI.
HDL of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Elevates the Capability of Promoting Breast Cancer Metastasis

Purpose: Epidemiologic studies suggested complicated associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is inversely associated with the risk and mortality of breast cancer. Our study is to determine the different effects of normal and diabetic HDL on breast cancer cell metastasis. Experimental Design: MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells were treated with N-HDL, D-HDL, G-HDL, and Ox-HDL. Cell metastasis potency was examined using a tail-vein injection model, and cell adhesion abilities to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and extracellular matrix (ECM) were determined in vitro. Integrin expression and protein kinase C (PKC) activity were evaluated, and PKC inhibitor was applied. Results: D-HDL dramatically promoted cell pulmonary metastasis (103.6% increase at P < 0.001 for MDA-MB-231 with 1 × 105 cell injection; 157.1% increase at P < 0.05 for MCF7 with 4 × 105 cell injection) and hepatic metastasis (18.1-fold increase at P < 0.001 for MCF7 with 4 × 105 cell injection), and stimulated higher TC-HUVECs adhesion (21.9% increase at P < 0.001 for MDA-MB-231; 23.6% increase at P < 0.05 for MCF7) and TC-ECM attachment (59.9% and 47.9% increase, respectively, for MDA-MB-231 and MCF7, both at P < 0.01) compared with N-HDL. D-HDL stimulated higher integrin (β1, β2, β3, and αν) expression on cell surface and induced higher PKC activity. Increased TC-HUVECs and TC-ECM adhesion induced by D-HDL, G-HDL, and Ox-HDL could be inhibited by staurosporine. Conclusions: Our study showed that glycation and oxidation of HDL in diabetic patients could lead to abnormal actions on breast cancer cell adhesion to HUVECs and ECM, thereby promoting metastasis progression of breast cancer. This will largely draw the attention of HDL-based treatments in the diabetes patients with breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(5); 1246–56. ©2012 AACR.
A Publication of the Association of Management INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEAM ROLE DIVERSITY AND TEAM PERFORMANCE IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS TEAMS MICHAEL POLLOCK

Teams are used extensively in the field of Information Systems (IS) to perform complex and varied tasks required by IS projects. A solution often touted to the problem of failed IS projects has been diversifying the composition of the team. This diversity of team composition can be either personality type, role or both. Personality type, in this paper, is tested with the Myers-Briggs personality trait instrument, while role diversity is tested with Belbin’s SPI instrument. The Francis and Young instrument is used to measure team effectiveness. This paper explores role and personality diversity in IS teams, and finds that diversity in teams does not necessarily contribute to increased effectiveness. However, it is found that teams consisting of people fulfilling the Belbin roles of Chairman, Shaper and Completer-finisher can expect increased effectiveness, which in turn can lead to improved performance.
Analyzing RM ANOVA Related Data Using SPSS10

In the last 2 decades, repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures have appeared more and more often in physical education and exercise science research. For example, more than 50% of the articles published in Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport during this time used ANOVA (including multivariate analysis of variance) procedures, and most of them were related to RM. A number of excellent publications have advised practitioners about the correct use of RM ANOVA procedures with DOS-based statistical software (e.g., Hertzog & Rovine, 1985; Morrow & Frankiewicz, 1979; Schutz & Gessaroli, 1987). Since then, because of intense market competition, some syntax-based statistical packages have either disappeared or merged with other software. For example, BMDP and SYSTAT have been acquired by SPSS. In last 10 to 15 years, statistical software and the use of the software have changed dramatically. Because Windows-based software such as SPSS avoids the tedious syntax code-writing process, it has been preferred by many practitioners in our field. However, the inflexible output of SPSS often provides redundant information and causes some confusion when RM ANOVA results are presented and interpreted. Few comprehensive tutorials are available to help researchers in our field to run RM ANOVA using SPSS10 and to interpret the SPSS output accurately. This article demonstrates RM ANOVA procedures using SPSS10 and presents and interprets the output. MEASUREMENT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND EXERCISE SCIENCE, 6(1), 43–60 Copyright © 2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Lexical and Grammatical Processing of Unshadowed Messages: A Re-Examination of the Mackay Effect

Mackay (1973) claimed to have provided evidence that subjects could process the grammatical structure and lexical content of nonshadowed messages. In the present study, it was found impossible to repeat Mackay's findings when controls for several factors that had been ignored in Mackay's study were employed. Subsequent experiments indicated that two major factors contributing to Mackay's results were that he had a gap between sentences in his experiment and that the nonshadowed material came out of a background of silence. Both of these probably enabled subjects to switch attention to the nonshadowed material without disruption of shadowing performance.