Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A modular non-negative matrix factorization for parts-based object recognition using subspace representation

Non-negative matrix factorization of an input data matrix into a matrix of basis vectors and a matrix of encoding coefficients is a subspace representation method that has attracted attention of researches in pattern recognition in the recent period. We have explored crucial aspects of NMF on massive recognition experiments with the ORL database of faces which include intuitively clear parts constituting the whole. Using a principal changing of the learning stage structure and by formulating NMF problems for each of a priori given parts separately, we developed a novel modular NMF algorithm. Although this algorithm provides uniquely separated basis vectors which code individual face parts in accordance with the parts-based principle of the NMF methodology applied to object recognition problems, any significant improvement of recognition rates for occluded parts, predicted in several papers, was not reached. We claim that using the parts-based concept in NMF as a basis for solving recognition problems with occluded objects has not been justified.
Edited Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Detects an Age-Related Decline in Nonhuman Primate Brain GABA Levels

Recent research had shown a correlation between aging and decreasing Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. However, how GABA level varies with age in the medial portion of the brain has not yet been studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the GABA level variation with age focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex, which is the “core hub” of the default mode network. In this study, 14 monkeys between 4 and 21 years were recruited, and MEGA-PRESS MRS was performed to measure GABA levels, in order to explore a potential link between aging and GABA. Our results showed that a correlation between age and GABA+/Creatine ratio was at the edge of significance (r = −0.523, p = 0.081). There was also a near-significant trend between gray matter/white matter ratio and the GABA+/Creatine ratio (r = −0.518, p = 0.0848). Meanwhile, the correlation between age and grey matter showed no significance (r = −0.028, p = 0.93). Therefore, age and gray matter/white matter ratio account for different part of R-squared (adjusted R-squared = 0.5187) as independent variables for predicting GABA levels. Adjusted R-squared is about 0.5 for two independent variables. These findings suggest that there is internal neurochemical variation of GABA levels in the nonhuman primates associated with normal aging and structural brain decline.
THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF NEIGHBOURHOODS IN CERTAIN TOPOLOGIES

We apply our own software package and its extensions ([16, 14, 15, 18]) for visualisations and animations in mathematics to the graphical representation of neighbourhoods in certain relative and weak topologies that arise in the theories of dual spaces of sequence spaces and of matrix transformations between FK spaces. The paper contains a short introduction to some of the main concepts of our software package, and its portability, and also an outline of the mathematical theory that motivates our graphical representations.
Simulation step-size optimization in the split-step fourier simulation of polarized optical signal propagation through single mode optical fiber

Simulation step-size optimization based on an analytical step-size selection rule is extended to the waveform level simulation of polarized optical signal propagation through single mode optical fiber. Using local error bound obtained from a scalar simulation package, the prescribed global simulation accuracy can be satisfied in the simulation of propagation of optical signals through dispersion managed optical communication links. The developed simulation package based on the proposed step-size optimization method can significantly speed up the time-consuming simulations which are typical in the coherent optical fiber communication system design.
Development of Mental Health Inventory for the Elderly(Urban Version)

Objective:To develop a Mental Health Inventory for the Urban Elderly(MHIE-UV). Methods:The development of MHIE-UV was based on the theoretical proposition that mental health concept involves five aspects:cognitive efficiency,emotional experiences,self-cognition,interpersonal communication and adaptive ability.The items from the author's previous Elderly Mental Health Inventories and those from literature review,expert input and individual interviews were together used in the construction of the inventory.Through several turns of testing,the final 65-item MHIE-UV was administered to a national wide sample of 5149 older adults(aged 55~101 years). Results:The Cronbach α coefficients of MHIE-UV and its 5 components were 0.75~0.95. The correlation coefficients between each item and its corresponding component were 0.21~0.76(P0.01). The correlation coefficients between MHIE-UV and its components were 0.73~0.92(P0.01). The test-retest reliability of MHIE-UV and its components were 0.71~0.93. The confirmatory factor analysis for MHIE-UV revealed χ2/df=22.895,NFI= 0.951,NNFI=0.950,IFI=0.953,CFI=0.953,and RMSEA=0.065. In addition,MHIE-UV was correlated significantly with subjective happiness scores,depression scores,and other relevant variables.Significant differences in MHIE-UV and its components were revealed between the group of elder adults with various psychological problems and the normal control group.In addition,national-wide norms for mental health status of the elderly were established.Conclusion:The development of MHIE-UV is based on large national wide sample and its norm is applicable to wide age range.The reliability and validity of MHIE-UV are qualified enough for relevant research and applications.
Recovered eating disorder therapists using their experiential knowledge in therapy: A qualitative examination of the therapists’ and the patients’ view

ABSTRACT In the eating disorder (ED) field there is a lack of guidelines regarding the utilization of recovered therapists and the experiential knowledge they can bring to therapy. In this study, a qualitative design was used to examine recovered eating disorder therapists using their experiential knowledge and how this influences therapy and the patients they treat. Respectively, 205 patients (response rate 57%), and 26 recovered therapists (response rate 75%) completed a questionnaire about advantages and disadvantages of the utilization of experiential knowledge in therapy. Results showed that using experiential knowledge can have several advantages and disadvantages in therapy. Therapists can use this knowledge as a therapeutic intervention with specific goals, such as providing the patient with insight into the recovery process, establishing a working relationship, and enhancing hope for recovery. To be effective, self-disclosure and experiential knowledge need to be shared thoughtfully, and should not include specific details about ED symptoms. Other factors noted that enhanced the benefits of experiential knowledge included therapist self-insight and self-care, adequate training and guidance, and a safe work environment. Patients stated that being treated by a recovered therapist had a positive effect on their recovery process. It is advised to establish guidelines in the ED field about working with recovered therapists and the experiential knowledge they might use in therapy. Further research is needed on the process of when, how, and which experiential knowledge is shared by recovered therapists in therapy, and the effects of these interventions on patients and their treatment outcomes.
Turn prediction at generalized intersections

Navigating a car at intersections is one of the most challenging parts of urban driving. Successful navigation needs predicting of intention of other traffic participants at the intersection. Such prediction is an important component for both Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Driving (AD) Systems. In this paper, we present a driver intention prediction model for general intersections. Our model incorporates lane-level maps of an intersection and makes a prediction based on past position and movement of the vehicle. We create a real-world dataset of 375 turning tracks at a variety of intersections. We present turn prediction results based on Hidden Markov Model (HMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN). SVM and DBN models give higher accuracy compared to HMM models. We get over 90% turn prediction accuracy 1.6 seconds before the intersection. Our work advances the state of art in ADAS/AD systems with a turn prediction model for general intersections.
Photometric and spectroscopic study of a highly reddened type Ia supernova SN 2003hx in NGC 2076

We present UBV RI CCD photometry and optical spectra of the type Ia supernova SN 2003hx which appeared in the galaxy NGC 2076, obtained till � 146 days after the epoch of B band maximum. The supernova reached at maximum brightness in B band on JD 245 2893 ± 1.0 with an apparent magnitude of 14.92 ± 0.01 mag which was estimated by making template fits to the light curves. SN 2003hx is an example of a highly reddened supernova with E(B V ) = 0.56 ± 0.23. We estimate Rv = 1.97 ± 0.54 which indicates the small size of dust particles as compared to their galactic
A Domain Independent Approach for Efficiently Interpreting Extragrammatical Utterances

In this paper we address the issue of eeciently and eeectively handling the problem of extragrammaticality in a large-scale spontaneous spoken language system. We propose and argue in favor of ROSE, a domain independent parse-and-repair approach to the problem of interpreting extragrammaticalities in spontaneous language input. We argue that in order for an approach to robust interpretation to be practical, it must be domain independent, eecient, and eeective. Where previous approaches to robust interpretation possessed one or two of these qualities, the ROSE approach uniquely possesses all three. We evaluate our approach by comparing its performance in terms of parse time and quality 2 Ros e and Lavie with a parameterized version of the minimum distance parsing (MDP) approach as well as with a more restrictive partial parser, two alternative domain independent approaches. Our analysis demonstrates that the ROSE approach performs signiicantly faster than a limited version of MDP, while producing analyses of superior quality. We also demonstrate that the two stage ROSE approach achieves a higher level of quality in less time than a more restrictive partial parser. We believe these results support the claim that in general two stage approaches like ROSE achieve high quality results more eeciently than one stage approaches.
Software Components Description Based on Ontology

The description and inquiry of software component become the hotspot and nodus of software reuse research. According to 3C model, this paper provides an exact, expandable, easy-operating model of describing components based on ontology, and a search method. Proved by experiments, the method increase the component’s recall ratio and precision ratio.
Development and preliminary reliability testing of an assessment of patient independence in performing a treatment program: standardized scenarios.

BACKGROUND Physical therapists often assess patient independence through observation; however, it is not known if therapists make these judgments reliably. We have developed a standardized method to assess a patient's ability to perform his or her treatment program independently. OBJECTIVES To develop a standardized assessment of patient independence in performance of a treatment program and examine the intra- and inter-rater reliability decisions made by two physical therapists. DESIGN Test-retest. METHODS An assessment of patient independence in performance was developed. Standardized patient scenarios were used to assess the intra- and inter-tester reliability of two physical therapists. Percentage of agreement (%) and kappa's coefficient (k and k(w)) indexed rater reliability. RESULTS Intra-rater reliability of therapist 1 was as follows: knowledge: % = 95, k = 0.90; performance: % = 95, k(w) = 0.82. Intra-rater reliability of therapist 2 was as follows: knowledge: % = 85, k = 0.68; performance: % = 94, k(w) = 0.80. Inter-rater reliability for knowledge was % = 91 and k = 0.79 and for performance was % = 91 and k(w) = 0.72. CONCLUSION Trained therapists displayed substantial to excellent intra-rater reliability and substantial inter-rater reliability in assessing a patient's independence in a treatment program. :
Single Image In-Plane Super Resolution Using Mixed-Scale Sense

In this work we combine a mixed-scale dense convolutional network and a structure preserving loss function, to increase the in-plane resolution of MRI images with sub-millimeter resolution. Despite having 20 times fewer parameters than SRCNN, this architecture can reconstruct high-resolution images in comparable quality and learns to better preserve high-frequency details than networks trained with L-loss. Preliminary experiments show that the architecture in general is working well and comparable to the well known SRCNN without any optimization of hyper-parameters.
Supersymmetric Wilson Loops in Diverse Dimensions

We consider supersymmetric Wilson loopsla Zarembo in planar supersym- metric Yang-Mills theories in diverse dimensions. Using perturbation theory we show that these loops have trivial vacuum expectation values to second order in the 't Hooft coupling. We review the known superspace results which, for specific dimensions, extend this triviality to all orders in the 't Hooft coupling. Using the gauge/gravity correspondence, we construct the explicit dual fun- damental string solutions corresponding to these Wilson loops for the case of circular geometry. We find that the regularized action of these string solutions vanishes. We also generalize the framework of calibrated surfaces to prove the vanishing of the regularized action for loops of general geometry. We propose a possible string-side manifestation of the gauge theory generalized Konishi anomaly in seven dimensions.
Establishment limitation reduces species recruitment and species richness as soil resources rise

1 At local spatial scales, species richness tends to fall as productivity rises. Most explanations have focused on increased extinction, but, instead, we test experimentally whether increased soil fertility reduces recruitment. Specifically, we test whether variation in recruitment is due to source limitation, germination limitation or establishment limitation, and how litter accumulation and seed predation contribute to these processes. 2 We established four crossed experimental treatments in a perennial‐dominated early successional plant community over 3 years. We added seed of 30 species, manipulated access by selected seed predators, removed litter and added slow release fertilizer at four levels (0, 8, 16 and 32 g N m−2). 3 Species recruitment and richness both decreased with increasing fertility, but, counter to our expectations, we found that neither seed additions nor litter removal could counteract the negative effects of fertilizer. 4 Seed additions increased seedling density at all fertilizer levels, and seed predation appeared to have no influence on seedling densities. In spite of high seedling densities at all fertilizer levels, final stem density declined by 70% as fertilizer increased. A strong stem density–species richness relationship suggests that declines in final stem density caused more than half of the decline in species richness along this fertility gradient. 5 These results suggest that establishment limitation, i.e. the reduction of growth and survival from seedling to adult, controls species recruitment in highly fertile sites. 6 The high degree of recruitment limitation commonly observed in productive habitats suggests that high productivity causes establishment limitation, thereby isolating these communities from the regional species pool. We suggest that such isolation provides a mechanism to explain why the species composition of productive communities exhibits higher variability than the composition of less productive communities within the same regional source pool.
Automated software testing as a service

This paper makes the case for TaaS--automated software testing as a cloud-based service. We present three kinds of TaaS: a "programmer's sidekick" enabling developers to thoroughly and promptly test their code with minimal upfront resource investment; a "home edition" on-demand testing service for consumers to verify the software they are about to install on their PC or mobile device; and a public "certification service," akin to Underwriters Labs, that independently assesses the reliability, safety, and security of software. TaaS automatically tests software, without human involvement from the service user's or provider's side. This is unlike today's "testing as a service" businesses, which employ humans to write tests. Our goal is to take recently proposed techniques for automated testing--even if usable only on to y programs--and make them practical by modifying them to harness the resources of compute clouds. Preliminary work suggests it is technically feasible to do so, and we find that TaaS is also compelling from a social and business point of view.
CD −24°17504 REVISITED: A NEW COMPREHENSIVE ELEMENT ABUNDANCE ANALYSIS

With [Fe/H] ∼ −3.3, CD −24°17504 is a canonical metal-poor main-sequence turn-off star. Though it has appeared in numerous literature studies, the most comprehensive abundance analysis for the star based on high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) spectra is nearly 15 years old. We present a new detailed abundance analysis for 21 elements based on combined archival Keck-HIRES and Very Large Telescope-UVES spectra of the star that is higher in both spectral resolution and S/N than previous data. Our results are very similar to those of an earlier comprehensive study of the star, but we present for the first time a carbon abundance from the CH G-band feature as well as improved upper limits for neutron-capture species such as Y, Ba, and Eu. In particular, we find that CD −24°17504 has [Fe/H] = −3.41, [C/Fe] = +1.10, [Sr/H] = −4.68, and [Ba/H] ≤ −4.46, making it a carbon-enhanced metal-poor star with neutron-capture element abundances among the lowest measured in Milky Way halo stars.
Robust endmember extraction using worst-case simplex volume maximization

Winter's maximum-volume simplex approach is an efficient and representative endmember extraction approach, as evidenced by the fact that N-FINDR, one of the most widely used class of endmember extraction algorithms, employs simplex volume maximization as its criterion. In this work, we consider a robust generalization of Winter's maximum-volume simplex criterion for the noisy scenario. Our development is based on an observation that the presence of noise would tend to expand the observed data cloud geometrically. The proposed robust Winter criterion is based on a max-min or worst-case approach, where we attempt to counteract the data cloud expansion effects by using a shrunk simplex volume as the metric to maximize. The proposed criterion is implemented by a combination of alternating optimization and projected subgradients. Some simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance advantages of the proposed robust algorithm.
Convergence and Parameter Choice for Monte-Carlo Simulations of Diffusion MRI

This paper describes a general and flexible Monte- Carlo simulation framework for diffusing spins that generates realistic synthetic data for diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Similar systems in the literature consider only simple substrates and their authors do not consider convergence and parameter optimization. We show how to run Monte-Carlo simulations within complex irregular substrates. We compare the results of the Monte-Carlo simulation to an analytical model of restricted diffusion to assess precision and accuracy of the generated results. We obtain an optimal combination of spins and updates for a given run time by trading off number of updates in favor of number of spins such that precision and accuracy of sythesized data are both optimized. Further experiments demonstrate the system using a tissue environment that current analytic models cannot capture. This tissue model incorporates swelling, abutting, and deformation. Swelling-induced restriction in the extracellular space due to the effects of abutting cylinders leads to large departures from the predictions of the analytical model, which does not capture these effects. This swelling-induced restriction may be an important mechanism in explaining the changes in apparent diffusion constant observed in the aftermath of acute ischemic stroke.
Mapping with Dynamic-Object Probabilities Calculated from Single 3D Range Scans

Various autonomous robotic systems require maps for robust and safe navigation. Particularly when robots are employed in dynamic environments, accurate knowledge about which components of the robot perceptions belong to dynamic and static aspects in the environment can greatly improve navigation functions. In this paper we propose a novel method for building 3D grid maps using laser range data in dynamic environments. Our approach uses a neural network to estimate the pointwise probability of a point belonging to a dynamic object. The output from our network is fed to the mapping module for building a 3D grid map containing only static parts of the environment. We present experimental results obtained by training our neural network using the KITTI dataset and evaluating it in a mapping process using our own dataset. In extensive experiments, we show that maps generated using the proposed probability about dynamic objects increases the accuracy of the resulting maps.
Modular Automation Design for Equipment Management

This paper presents a modular and low cost residential automation solution, using the Internet of Things (IoT) concept, for control and monitoring electronic equipment. The development of this work is divided in two parts: the configuration of electronic devices and use of Home Assistant platform. The Home Assistant platform allows the control and monitoring of electronic equipment over the Internet. It uses the MQTT communication protocol for integration with the devices. An auxiliary configuration application has been developed to configure dynamically the pins of the sensors and actuators. An electronic device was developed which is responsible for reading and controlling a set of sensors and actuators. The results of the proposed project were positive. It supports a larger number of sensors and has the lowest cost, of US$1.78.
Deconstructing the Transfer Student Capital: Intersect between Cultural and Social Capital among Female Transfer Students in STEM Fields

abstract This qualitative study explored the experiences of female transfer students majoring in STEM areas at a midwestern university by highlighting the role of Transfer Student Capital in their academic and social adjustment. The authors further deconstructed the notion of Transfer Student Capital by looking at how cultural and social capital intersect through the early background influences as well as the pre- and posttransfer experience of female community college transfer students in STEM disciplines. The findings highlight the importance of positive student-faculty interactions and positive and supportive classroom environments and the effect that the above factors have on female students’ self-efficacy and their view of their capabilities and abilities to successfully perform in STEM majors.