Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A urea adduct of bis(hinokitiolato)copper(II).

Bis(μ(2)-3-isopropyl-7-oxocyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-olato)bis[(3-isopropyl-7-oxocyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-olato)copper(II)]-urea-acetone (1/6/2), [Cu(2)(C(10)H(11)O(2))(4)]·6CH(4)N(2)O·2C(3)H(6)O, where 3-isopropyl-7-oxocyclohepta-1,3,5-trien-1-olate is the systematic name for the hinokitiolate anion, contains three novel structural features. First, it contains a bis(hinokitiolato)copper(II) dimer, [Cu(hino)(2)](2), unlike any other, demonstrating that linkage isomerism is another avenue by which Cu(hino)(2) can transmute from one form to another. Second, [Cu(hino)(2)](2) is hydrogen bonded to two urea molecules, indicating that hydrogen bonding cannot yet be discounted from any proposed mechanism of action for the antimicrobial and antiviral properties of bis(hinokitiolato)copper(II). Finally, corrugated urea layers crosslinked by [Cu(hino)(2)](2) dimers are observed, suggesting that a new family of host-guest materials, i.e. metallo-urea clathrates, exists to challenge our understanding of crystal engineering and crystal growth and design. Selected details of the structure are that the [Cu(hino)(2)](2) dimers possess crystallographic inversion symmetry, the Cu atoms have square-pyramidal coordination geometries, the basal Cu-O bonds are in the range 1.916 (2)-1.931 (2) Å, the apical Cu-O bond length is 2.582 (2) Å, the hinokitiolate bite angles are in the range 83.41 (7)-83.96 (8)°, the urea-Cu(hino)(2) interactions have an R(2)(2)(8) motif, and the urea layers result from the close packing of R(8)(6)(28) 'butterflies' and R(8)(6)(24) 'strips of tape'.
IFRS Impact on Accounting Quality in Telecommunications Industry

Globally, the use of the IFRS in financial reporting is the requirement in many countries. However, the question of whether such a global transition towards a single set of accounting standards has been met by the presumed benefits of higher accounting quality and comparability yet remains unanswered. This paper primarily examines the effect of the mandatory IFRS adoption in Canada by the Canadian telecommunication companies. Since this research is an empirical study, this research has adopted quantitative research method. That is, by conducting survey, it has collected archival data from the eight large telecommunication companies of Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX/SP increase in earnings influence to shareholder value; negative volatility in market price; better predictability of cash flow and financial forecasts; decrease in accruals and timeliness loss of recognition; increase in fair market valuation; significant increase in value relevance; increase in valuation usefulness of earnings to BVPS; and increase in operating capability and predictability.
Defensive strategy framework in global markets

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual framework for defensive strategy by integrating market entry modes and the typology of firms suggested by Day and Nedungandi, and to attempt to propose how local incumbent firms utilize their mental models in order to react against market entry of new competition in global markets.Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical perspective adopted in the study is how mental models used by incumbent firms influence their reaction to market entry of new competition in developing defensive strategies to defend their markets.Findings – Mental models of incumbent firms, categorized as self‐centered, competitor‐centered, customer‐oriented, and market‐driven firms, impact their reaction and the development of defensive marketing strategies against market entrants using a variety of market entry modes in global markets.Originality/value – The paper presents an extensive review of the defensive marketing and mental models literature and shows how the way.
Sustainable Supply Chain and Transportation Networks

ABSTRACT In this paper, we show how sustainable supply chains can be transformed into and studied as transportation networks. Specifically, we develop a new supply chain model in which the manufacturers can produce the homogeneous product in different manufacturing plants with associated distinct environmental emissions. We assume that the manufacturers, the retailers with which they transact, as well as the consumers at the demand markets for the product are multicriteria decision-makers with the environmental criteria weighted distinctly by the different decision-makers. We derive the optimality conditions and the equilibrium conditions, which are then shown to satisfy a variational inequality problem. We prove that the supply chain model with environmental concerns can be reformulated and solved as an elastic demand transportation network equilibrium problem. Numerical supply chain examples are presented for illustration purposes. This paper, hence, begins the construction of a bridge between sustainable supply chains and transportation networks.
Nesting Habitat Characteristics of the Marbled Murrelet in Central California Redwood Forests

Abstract The marbled murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) is a threatened seabird that nests in old-growth forests in the Pacific Northwest. Despite concern for this species, little has been published on murrelet nesting habitat in the coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) region. Here we present the first comprehensive study of marbled murrelet nesting characteristics in redwood forests based on confirmed nest sites. In this study, we 1) described habitat characteristics at 17 murrelet nest sites in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, USA, located using radiotelemetry and visual searches, and 2) compared nest sites with random sites located in nearby stands and centered on trees ≥120 cm diameter at breast height (dbh [potential nest trees or PNTs]). All 17 nests were located in stands of old-growth redwood forest and the mean dbh of nest trees was 210 cm (SD = 91 cm). Eighty-two percent of nests (90% of telemetry-found nests) were in unharvested stands and 18%, all on private property, had been lightly harvested but did not contain significantly fewer trees ≥120 cm dbh than unharvested nest sites. Twelve of 15 (80%) nests for which we were able to locate the nesting platform were on limbs and the remaining 3 (20%), all in redwood trees, were located on broken tops. Nest trees were significantly larger than PNTs and tended to be Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) despite the fact that nest stands were dominated by redwoods, perhaps because of greater nest platform availability in Douglas-fir trees. Nest sites were located closer to streams, had a greater basal area of trees ≥120 cm dbh, and were located lower on slopes than random sites based on analysis of variance models. We classified 71% of nest sites correctly with a simple logistic regression model that included only nest tree dbh and distance to stream—a model that could be used by managers in the region to identify potentially suitable nesting habitat. Our findings indicated that murrelets in central California, USA, primarily use old-growth redwood stands for nesting but will use partially harvested stands if a significant residual component remains; stands that have experienced some harvest but retain old-growth characteristics should be considered potential murrelet habitat in redwood forests.
Survey of Load Balancing and Service Discovery for Mobile Ad hoc Networks

Recently, Service Discovery protocols in MANET have gained special attention from the research centers. In existing method, Service discovery protocols in mobile networks does not guarantee load balancing on routing paths between service providers and service requesters. It does not guarantee the performance attributes to service requesters and service providers. It permit to satisfy some performance attributes specified in client requests and to report on its performance evaluation such as, Success rate, Connection rate, Average response time, Bandwidth usage, Average load.
An empirical analysis of the market value of imputation tax credits in the New Zealand share market

This study argues that the value of imputation tax credits should be taken into account when firms are making decisions on investment, capital structure and dividend policy. The research examines ex-dividend day share price behaviour to determine empirically the estimated value of imputation tax credits in the New Zealand sharemarket, and tests the ‘tax-effect hypothesis’ that share price behaviour on ex-dividend day reflects marginal investors’ aftertax value valuation of income received as dividends as opposed to capital gains. Hence a dividend drop-off ratio model is used to determine whether or not investors have recognised and are receiving the value of imputation tax credits. It was estimated that shareholders do, on average, value tax credits at just under 60% of their face value. Carol Day is an analyst in the New Zealand Treasury, and Bert Ward is a Senior Lecturer at the Department of Economics and Marketing, Lincoln University, New Zealand.
Day Trading Profitability across Volatility States

This paper is the first to measure the profitability of day traders across volatility states. We apply a popular day trading strategy, the Opening Range Breakout strategy (ORB), on long time series of crude oil and S&P 500 futures contracts. Average returns are then calculated for each volatility state. We find significant changes in ORB profitability levels across volatility states, with the largest differences in profitability, of around 200 basis points per day, for crude oil, and of 150 basis points per day, for S&P 500. This finding suggests that day trading profitability and, in turn, market inefficiency may be highly correlated with volatility.
Mapping Streaming Applications to OpenCL

Graphic processing units (GPUs) have been gaining popularity in general purpose and high performance computing. A GPU is made up of a number of streaming multiprocessors (SM), each of which consists of many processing cores. A large number of general-purpose applications have been mapped onto GPUs efficiently. Stream processing applications, however, exhibit properties such as unfavorable data movement patterns and low computation-tocommunication ratio that might lead to a poor performance on a GPU. We describe the automated mapping framework developed earlier that maps most stream processing applications onto NVIDIA GPUs efficiently by taking into account its architectural characteristics. We then discuss the implementation details of porting the mapping framework to OpenCL running on AMD GPUs and evaluate the performance of the mapping framework by running several benchmarks. Performance between the generated CUDA and OpenCL code is compared based on different heuristics.
The Management of Innovation in High Technology Small Firms: Innovation and Regional Development in Britain and the United States

Small Firm Innovation and Growth: A Review of Recent Evidence Entrepreneurship and Regional Industrial Growth Defining High-Technology Industries: Some Conceptual and Methodological Observations Contextual Issues Innovation, Management, and the Impact of Industrial Linkages Innovation and the Management of Research and Development The Management of Labour The Management of Investment Finance
Chronic absence of baroreceptor inputs prevents training‐induced cardiovascular adjustments in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats

We investigate whether arterial baroreceptors mediate the training‐induced blood pressure fall and resting bradycardia in hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive rats (WKY). Male SHR and WKY rats, submitted to sino‐aortic denervation (SAD) or sham surgery (SHAM group), were allocated to training (T; 55% of maximal exercise capacity) or sedentary (S) protocols for 3 months. Rats were instrumented with arterial and venous catheters for haemodynamic measurements at rest (power spectral analysis) and baroreceptor testing. Kidney and skeletal muscles were processed for morphometric analysis of arterioles. Elevated mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in SHAM SHRS were accompanied by increased sympathetic variability and arteriolar wall/lumen ratio [+3.4‐fold on low‐frequency (LF) power and +70%, respectively, versus WKYS, P < 0.05]. Training caused significant HR (∼9% in WKY and SHR) and MAP reductions (−8% in the SHR), simultaneously with improvement of baroreceptor reflex control of HR (SHR and WKY), LF reduction (with a positive correlation between LF power and MAP levels in the SHR) and normalization of wall/lumen ratio of the skeletal muscle arterioles (SHR only). In contrast, SAD increased pressure variability in both strains of rats, causing reductions in MAP (−13%) and arteriolar wall/lumen ratio (−35%) only in the SHRS. Training effects were completely blocked by SAD in both strains; in addition, after SAD the resting MAP and HR and the wall/lumen ratio of skeletal muscle arterioles were higher in SHRT versus SHRS and similar to those of SHAM SHRS. The lack of training‐induced effects in the chronic absence of baroreceptor inputs strongly suggests that baroreceptor signalling plays a decisive role in driving beneficial training‐induced cardiovascular adjustments.
Systemic Financial Risk Inference in a Global Setting

We propose a new top-down approach to measure systemic risk in the financial system. Our framework uses a combination of macroeconomic, financial and rating factors in representative regions of the world. We formulate a mixed-frequency state-space model to estimate macroeconomic factors. To derive financial risk factors, we use Moody’s/KMV expected default frequencies after accounting for ratings of major financial institutions in the considered regions. The estimated factors are combined to derive probabilities for systemically relevant defaults in the financial industry. Regional macroeconomic factors are significant predictors of the existence and number of systemically important defaults, while regional financial risk and ratings factors are relevant for the existence only. For major events, global credit risk also matters.
Do Land Disputes Affect Smallholder Agricultural Productivity? Evidence from Kenya

Rural households experience land disputes with relatives or neighbors. These conflicts, even if small-scale in nature, may have considerable impact on incentive to invest on land productivity enhancing inputs. This study investigates the impacts of land disputes on households’ incentive to invest in farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizers, and on crop productivity in Kenya. A truncated normal hurdle model is applied on farm plot level data. The results show that land conflicts affect smallholder farmers’ optimization behaviour. Farmers are indisposed to apply farmyard manure or to plant perennial crops on disputed plots. When other production inputs are controlled for, active land disputes reduce agricultural productivity through other avenues such as constrained crop choice and reduced crop care by about 13 percent. In view of these results and in the context of the ever shrinking farm sizes, the efficiency of land disputes resolution systems emerge very important policy issue. Keywords : Land disputes, chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers, agriculture, Kenya
Knowledge and Use of Quality Management Tools in Czech Municipalities

Quality management has become part of company’s management in the private sector already in the 1970. It became early the integral part of management in all organizations. The requirements for effective management of the organization were transferred to the public institutions. In current practice there is an increase of demand for higher performance in public administration and increase the satisfaction of citizens and the quality of services. Every municipality is unique. It has its own specifics, different priorities, problems, advantages and shortcomings, higher or lower number of inhabitants, different civic facilities. Municipalities also have various levels of finances at their disposal; they actually are a limiting factor of their development. The question is: How to manage the development of municipalities? The strategic management of the municipality has to use the tools of quality management. The aim of the paper is to find what is the knowledge and use of quality management tools (CAF model, Balanced Scorecard, Benchmarking, ISO standards) in Czech municipalities (cities and rural). The questionnaire was chosen as a method of data collection. Questionnaires were returned from almost 80% municipalities. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical methods for the analysis of categorical data, which are part of the statistical program Statistica. Based on the results of the questionnaire, we can say, that the knowledge and usage of these instruments is minimal. When asked about the knowledge and use of modern methods and tools of quality management and the best result enjoy an ISO standard. In the second place there was the knowledge and use of benchmarking. Mayor should apply modern methods of management with respect to the fact that the municipality has to get engaged continuously in efficient spending of financial means and in acquiring subsidy titles. A mayor should not hamper introducing and applying modern methods of quality management into use.
The Lowest Diploid Number (2n = 16) yet Found in Any Primate: Callicebus lugens (Humboldt, 1811)

Morphologic, molecular and karyologic analyses of Callicebus lugens (Humboldt, 1811) of known geographic origin supported the proposition that this is a valid species. Morphologic and morphometric analyses showed evident differences between C. lugens and two other related taxa of the same group (Callicebus purinus and Callicebus torquatus). Cytochrome b DNA analyses (maximum parsimony, neighbour joining and maximum likelihood) were congruent in showing a strong association between C. lugens and Callicebus sp. of the torquatus group in one branch and a sister branch further divided into two clades: one with species of the personatus group and another, with species of the moloch group. Karyotypic analysis showed that C. lugens has the lowest diploid chromosome number of the primate order (2n = 16). Comparisons with other congeneric species clearly supported the proposition that C. lugens is karyotypically similar to others of the torquatus group.
Real Option Valuation Using NPV

We show that a careful net present value (NPV) using risk-adjusted discount rates produces a real option valuation identical to that obtained from a risk-neutral option valuation. This general result demonstrates that NPV and risk-neutral option valuation are equivalent. Although equivalent, we argue that in this context the implementation of a traditional risk-adjusted NPV will often be computationally infeasible - for reasons related to sheer volume of disaggregated sample paths. Fortunately, the risk-adjusted option valuation framework of Arnold and Crack (2000) allows this same risk-adjusted NPV to be executed by seamlessly discounting the payoffs to different sample paths using the correct risk-adjusted discount rates. It also allows the analyst to capture physical probability information not available in a risk-neutral valuation.
Refractive index‐based determination of detergent concentration and its application to the study of membrane proteins

The concentration of detergent in membrane protein preparations can have a critical role on protein stability, function, and the potential for crystallization. Unfortunately, dialysis or protein concentration can lead to an unknown amount of detergent in the final membrane protein preparations. Here we present a method for the determination of detergent concentration based on refractive index of the detergent solution. This method was applied to quantitate the amount of detergent remaining in solution after concentration in various concentrators. We found that the ability of the tested detergents to pass through the molecular weight cutoff membrane correlates well with detergent micelle size. Therefore, the micelle size can be used as a rough guide to estimate the retention of a given detergent in various molecular weight cutoff concentrators. The refractive index method is exceptionally informative when coupled with size exclusion chromatography and light scattering, and can be used to determine the oligomeric state of the membrane protein, the size of a protein‐associated micelle, as well as the amount and size of the unbound detergent micelle.
Classifying Short Messages on Social Networks using Vector Space Models

In this paper we propose a method to classify irrelevant messages and filter them out before they are published on a social network. Previous works tended to focus on the consumer of information, whereas the publisher of a message has the challenge of addressing all of his or her followers or subscribers at once. In our method, a supervised learning task, we propose vector space models to train a classifier with labeled messages from a user account. We test the precision and accuracy of the classifier on over 13,000 Twitter accounts. Results show the feasibility of our approach on most types of active accounts on this social network.
Small Growth and Distress Returns: Two Sides of the Same Coin?

We propose a unified explanation for two seemingly disparate empirical findings: the negative abnormal returns of distressed stocks, and of small growth stocks. Based on a counterintuitive result relating option prices to jump risk (Merton 76), we show via an investment valuation model that higher idiosyncratic risks of sudden corporate failure simultaneously generate lower expected returns and higher valuation ratios among smaller firms. Consistent with the model, high failure risk traits characterize small growth stocks, and a failure risk factor subsumes small growth returns while explaining several asset pricing anomalies.
Enhancing Urban Façades via LiDAR‐Based Sculpting

Buildings with symmetrical façades are ubiquitous in urban landscapes and detailed models of these buildings enhance the visual realism of digital urban scenes. However, a vast majority of the existing urban building models in web‐based 3D maps such as Google earth are either less detailed or heavily rely on texturing to render the details. We present a new framework for enhancing the details of such coarse models, using the geometry and symmetry inferred from the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scans and 2D templates. The user‐defined 2D templates, referred to as coded planar meshes (CPMs), encodes the geometry of the smallest repeating 3D structures of the façades via face codes. Our encoding scheme, take into account the directions, type as well as the offset distance of the sculpting to be applied at the respective locations on the coarse model. In our approach, LiDAR scan is registered with the coarse models taken from Google earth 3D or Bing maps 3D and decomposed into dominant planar segments (each representing the frontal or lateral walls of the building). The façade segments are then split into horizontal and vertical tiles using a weighted point count function defined over the window or door boundaries. This is followed by an automatic identification of CPM locations with the help of a template fitting algorithm that respects the alignment regularity as well as the inter‐element spacing on the façade layout. Finally, 3D boolean sculpting operations are applied over the boxes induced by CPMs and the coarse model, and a detailed 3D model is generated. The proposed framework is capable of modelling details even with occluded scans and enhances not only the frontal façades (facing to the streets) but also the lateral façades of the buildings. We demonstrate the potentials of the proposed framework by providing several examples of enhanced Google earth models and highlight the advantages of our method when designing photo‐realistic urban façades.