Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy aware survivable routing approaches for Next Generation Networks

With the significant growing of multi-service traffic demands in Next Generation Networks (NGNs), there is a need for reducing the overall energy consumption due to the environmental impact and potential economic benefits. While most existing green networking approaches take no or less consideration on the service resilience aspect. There is an inherent contradiction involved in accommodating both service resilience by overprovision of backup network resources such as nodes and links, as well as minimizing the energy consumption by switching off the unnecessary network elements simultaneously. In this paper, we propose three energy aware survivable routing approaches to enforce the routing algorithm to work out a trade-off solution between fault tolerance and energy efficiency requirements. Simulation results have confirmed that Energy Aware Shared Backup Protection (EASBP) could be a promising approach to resolve the above trade-off problem. It consumes much less capacity by sacrificing a small increase in energy expenditure compared with two other proposed approaches. It is especially effective for the large volume of traffic demands under NGNs environment.
Approximation Guarantees for Sherali Adams Relaxations

Linear programming (LP) relaxations are widely used as for finding a most likely configuration of a discrete graphical model. Whenever a linear program finds an integral solution it is guaranteed to be optimal and we say the relaxation is tight. In this paper we generalize the Sherali Adams hierarchy of LP relaxations and introduce the use of discrete Fourier Analysis to show this generalization is in a specific sense the best among all LP relaxations as measured by approximation error and characterize some of its structural and geometric properties. We also provide approximation error guarantees for several model reduction techniques such as variable clamping, flippings, and uprootings when coupled with generalized Sherali Adams relaxations. We also introduce and analyze in the same way a novel model reduction technique we call smoothings. This work is primarily theoretical, although we provide several results that can easily be turned into practical algorithms.
Technique Project and Experimental Study of Gas-Particle Two-Phase Compulsive Circulation Flows Finishing

For the precise hole surface, the burr severely affects products’ performance. Considering the specific conditions of precise hole surface finishing, a new method of gas-particle two-phase compulsive circulation flows finishing is brought up. By numerical simulation of finishing project, its feasibility is defined. Experimental equipment is designed, and its finishing effect is done with experimental study, which provide theoretic and experimental basis for process parameters and thorough research.
Classification of Music Genre using Neural Networks with Cross-Entropy Optimization and Soft-Max Output

In this paper, an abstract model to predict the genre of a music audio file is proposed (specifically a wave file). The output of the model is the probability distribution along the considered genres. A machine learning approach is employed. The adaptive learning process is modeled by neural networks with back-propagation as its learning algorithm and cross entropy as its optimization function. The emphasis is on feature extractors since the learning paradigm is well known to other applications. Simple Analysis on the Features were performed for appropriate selection. General Terms Music Classification, Optimization Problem.
Dynamic Energy Balance: An Integrated Framework for Discussing Diet and Physical Activity in Obesity Prevention—Is it More than Eating Less and Exercising More?

Understanding the dynamic nature of energy balance, and the interrelated and synergistic roles of diet and physical activity (PA) on body weight, will enable nutrition educators to be more effective in implementing obesity prevention education. Although most educators recognize that diet and PA are important for weight management, they may not fully understand their impact on energy flux and how diet alters energy expenditure and energy expenditure alters diet. Many nutrition educators have little training in exercise science; thus, they may not have the knowledge essential to understanding the benefits of PA for health or weight management beyond burning calories. This paper highlights the importance of advancing nutrition educators’ understanding about PA, and its synergistic role with diet, and the value of incorporating a dynamic energy balance approach into obesity-prevention programs. Five key points are highlighted: (1) the concept of dynamic vs. static energy balance; (2) the role of PA in weight management; (3) the role of PA in appetite regulation; (4) the concept of energy flux; and (5) the integration of dynamic energy balance into obesity prevention programs. The rationale for the importance of understanding the physiological relationship between PA and diet for effective obesity prevention programming is also reviewed.
Tetrahydrocarbazoles are a novel class of potent P-type ATPase inhibitors with antifungal activity

We have identified a series of tetrahydrocarbazoles as novel P-type ATPase inhibitors. Using a set of rationally designed analogues, we have analyzed their structure-activity relationship using functional assays, crystallographic data and computational modeling. We found that tetrahydrocarbazoles inhibit adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis of the fungal H+-ATPase, depolarize the fungal plasma membrane and exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Comparative inhibition studies indicate that many tetrahydrocarbazoles also inhibit the mammalian Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and Na+,K+-ATPase with an even higher potency than Pma1. We have located the binding site for this compound class by crystallographic structure determination of a SERCA-tetrahydrocarbazole complex to 3.0 Å resolution, finding that the compound binds to a region above the ion inlet channel of the ATPase. A homology model of the Candida albicans H+-ATPase based on this crystal structure, indicates that the compounds could bind to the same pocket and identifies pocket extensions that could be exploited for selectivity enhancement. The results of this study will aid further optimization towards selective H+-ATPase inhibitors as a new class of antifungal agents.
Primate breeding season: photoperiodic regulation in captive Lemur catta.

Under natural light in Portland, Oreg. , captive ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) experience a breeding season that differs by nearly half a year from the season in Madagascar. A series of experimental day length changes from 1971 to 1974 demonstrated the ability of both temperate and tropical photoperiod cycles to induce estrous cycles in quiescent animals. After photoperiodic activation, most impregnated females failed to resume estrous cycles even after infant separations unless they received additional photoperiod changes. Unimpregnated females, on the other hand, showed no significant decline in the incidence of estrous cycles under prolonged exposure to a constant day length regimen (12.OL:12.OD) for over a year.
Morphometric analysis of torso arterial anatomy with implications for resuscitative aortic occlusion

BACKGROUND Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in military and civilian trauma. Despite the importance of the aorta as a site of hemorrhage control and resuscitative occlusion, detailed knowledge of its morphometry is lacking. The objective of this study was to characterize aortic morphometry in a trauma population, including quantification of distances as well as and diameters and definition of relevant aortic zones. METHODS Center line measures were made (Volume Viewer) from contrast computed tomography (CT) scans of male trauma patients (18–45 years). Aortic zones were defined based on branch arteries. Zone I includes left subclavian to celiac; Zone II includes celiac to caudal renal; Zone III includes caudal renal to aortic bifurcation. Zone lengths were calculated and correlated to a novel external measure of torso extent (symphysis pubis to sternal notch). RESULTS Eighty-eight males (mean [SD], 28 [4] years) had CT scans for the study. The median (interquartile range) lengths (mm) of Zones I, II, and III were 210 mm (202–223 mm), 33 mm (28–38 mm), and 97 mm (91–103 mm), respectively. Median aortic diameters at the left subclavian, celiac, and lowest renal arteries were 21 mm (20–23 mm), 18 mm (16–19 mm), and 15 mm (14–16 mm), respectively, and the terminal aortic diameter was 14 mm (13–15 mm). The correlation of determination for descending aortic length (all zones) against torso extend was r = 0.454. CONCLUSION This study provides a morphometric analysis of the aorta in a male population, demonstrating consistency of length and diameter while defining distinct axial zones. Findings suggest that center line aortic distances correlate with a simple, external measure of torso extent. Morphometric study of the aorta using CT data may facilitate the development and implementation of occlusion techniques to manage noncompressible torso, pelvic, and junctional femoral hemorrhage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic study, level III.
Arrhythmia Classification by Heart Rate Variability Analysis using Symlets based on Time-Frequency Features

The activities of autonomic nervous system can be accessed using information on heart rate modulation mechanism. HRV analysis is a well-known non-invasive tool that gives information on heart rate modulation mechanism. This paper presents a work on HRV analysis to distinguish normal sinus rhythm from atrial fibrillation, supra-ventricular arrhythmia and premature ventricular contraction. Basically a technique for detection of the heart disease Arrhythmia grounding on HRV signal data analysis is presented in this paper. The RPeak detection is done using wavelet Symlet7 at second level decomposition. The time-frequency parameters such as SD Ratio, LF/HF Ratio and pNN50 are used for HRV analysis. The ratio LF/HF of HRV spectra represents a measure of sympatho-vagal balance. As this parameter shows better results for only short term recordings hence other parameters such as SD Ratio and pNN50 are considered for HRV analysis for both long-term and short-term recordings.
Single organelle dynamics linked to 3D structure by correlative live‐cell imaging and 3D electron microscopy

Live‐cell correlative light‐electron microscopy (live‐cell‐CLEM) integrates live movies with the corresponding electron microscopy (EM) image, but a major challenge is to relate the dynamic characteristics of single organelles to their 3‐dimensional (3D) ultrastructure. Here, we introduce focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM) in a modular live‐cell‐CLEM pipeline for a single organelle CLEM. We transfected cells with lysosomal‐associated membrane protein 1‐green fluorescent protein (LAMP‐1‐GFP), analyzed the dynamics of individual GFP‐positive spots, and correlated these to their corresponding fine‐architecture and immediate cellular environment. By FIB‐SEM we quantitatively assessed morphological characteristics, like number of intraluminal vesicles and contact sites with endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Hence, we present a novel way to integrate multiple parameters of subcellular dynamics and architecture onto a single organelle, which is relevant to address biological questions related to membrane trafficking, organelle biogenesis and positioning. Furthermore, by using CLEM to select regions of interest, our method allows for targeted FIB‐SEM, which significantly reduces time required for image acquisition and data processing.
Serial block face SEM visualization of unusual plant nuclear tubular extensions in a carnivorous plant (Utricularia, Lentibulariaceae)

Background and Aims In Utricularia nelumbifolia , the nuclei of placental nutritive tissue possess unusually shaped projections not known to occur in any other flowering plant. The main aim of the study was to document the morphology and ultrastructure of these unusual nuclei. In addition, the literature was searched to find examples of nuclear tubular projections in other plant groups, and the nuclei of closely related species of Utricularia (i.e. sects Iperua , Orchidioides , Foliosa and Utricularia ) were examined. Methods To visualize the complexity of the nuclear structures, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used, and 3-D ultrastructural reconstructions were made using the serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBEM) technique. The nuclei of 11 Utricularia species, i.e. U. nelumbifolia , U. reniformis , U. cornigera , U. nephrophylla (sect. Iperua ), U. asplundii , U. alpina , U. quelchii (sect. Orchidioides ), U. longifolia (sect. Foliosa ), U. intermedia , U. minor and U. gibba (sect. Utricularia ) were examined. Key Results Of the 11 Utricularia species examined, the spindle-like tubular projections (approx. 5 μm long) emanating from resident nuclei located in placental nutritive tissues were observed only in U. nelumbifolia . These tubular nuclear extensions contained chromatin distributed along hexagonally shaped tubules. The apices of the projections extended into the cell plasma membrane, and in many cases also made contact at the two opposing cellular poles, and with plasmodesmata via a short cisterna of the cortical endoplasmic reticulum. Images from the SBEM provide some evidence that the nuclear projections are making contact with those of neighbouring cells. Conclusions The term chromatubules (chromatin-filled tubules) for the nuclear projections of U. nelumbifolia placental tissue was proposed here. Due to the apparent association with the plasma membrane and plasmodesmata, it was also speculated that chromatubules are involved in nucleus-cell-cell communication. However, further experimental evidence is required before any functional hypothesis can be entertained.
Podocyte-derived microparticles promote proximal tubule fibrotic signaling via p38 MAPK and CD36

ABSTRACT Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a hallmark of advanced diabetic kidney disease that is linked to a decline in renal function, however the pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. Microparticles (MPs) are 100–1000 nm vesicles shed from injured cells that are implicated in intercellular signalling. Our lab recently observed the formation of MPs from podocytes and their release into urine of animal models of type 1 and 2 diabetes and in humans with type 1 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of podocyte MPs in tubular epithelial cell fibrotic responses. MPs were isolated from the media of differentiated, untreated human podocytes (hPODs) and administered to cultured human proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs). Treatment with podocyte MPs increased p38 and Smad3 phosphorylation and expression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins fibronectin and collagen type IV. MP-induced responses were attenuated by co-treatment with the p38 inhibitor SB202190. A transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptor inhibitor (LY2109761) blocked MP-induced Smad3 phosphorylation and ECM protein expression but not p38 phosphorylation suggesting that these responses occurred downstream of p38. Finally, blockade of the class B scavenger receptor CD36 completely abrogated MP-mediated p38 phosphorylation, downstream Smad3 activation and fibronectin/collagen type IV induction. Taken together our results suggest that podocyte MPs interact with proximal tubule cells and induce pro-fibrotic responses. Such interactions may contribute to the development of tubular fibrosis in glomerular disease.
The Efficacy of Ureteroscopy Without Fluoroscopy for Ureteral and Renal Stones in Pediatric Patients.

OBJECTIVES In the pediatric population, there have been significant improvements in the treatment of stones in recent years. Conventionally, ureteroscopy (URS) and/or retrograde intrarenal surgery are techniques performed with fluoroscopy. When using fluoroscopy, problems, including malignancy, may arise because of radiation exposure in the patient, physician, and operation room staff. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of ureteroscopic treatment without fluoroscopy in children with ureteral and renal stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between December 2010 and April 2017, pediatric patients were enrolled in this study. Data were retrospectively evaluated. URS was performed by the experienced surgeons in our center. Fluoroscopy was not routinely used during the operations. Demographic data, perioperative parameters, and success and complication rates were evaluated. RESULTS Sixty-seven renal units from 61 patients were operated on. URS without fluoroscopy was achieved in 95.0% of 61 patients (95.5% of 67 renal units). Three patients needed fluoroscopy during the operation. The mean stone size was 12.4 ± 5.3 mm, and the mean operation time was 41.9 ± 15.1 minutes. The success rates in the postoperative first and third mounts were 82.1% (55 renal units) and 88.0% (59 renal units), respectively. For 10 patients, second-session URS without fluoroscopy was needed. Clinically insignificant residual fragments were detected in three patients. There were no major complications. CONCLUSION URS without fluoroscopy for ureteral and renal stones in pediatric patients can be safely and effectively performed in experienced centers.
Changing Patterns of Plasmid-Mediated Drug Resistance During Tetracycline Therapy

The patterns of drug resistance and the frequency of conjugative R plasmids in intestinal Escherichia coli from 88 patients treated for a skin disease (acne vulgaris) with low oral doses of tetracycline are reported. The proportion of patients with resistant bacteria was progressively greater in patients who received tetracycline for 1 week, 4 weeks, or longer (from 50 to 88%). No multiply drug-resistant bacteria were detected before treatment or after 1 week of treatment. After more than 4 weeks of treatment, multiply drug-resistant E. coli were isolated from about 50% of the patients. The origin and selection of R plasmid-determined multiple drug resistance are discussed.
Three-Dimensional Identification for Unbalanced Mass of Rotor Systems in Operation

Unbalanced mass identification is important for rotor systems. Current methods normally use sensors, which only detect vibration in two-dimensional (2D) space. Actually, the rotor systems vibrate in three-dimensional directions. In this paper, a non-contact method is developed to identify unbalanced mass of rotor systems in 3D space. A stereo video system with a pair of synchronized high-speed cameras is established and a feature point is employed to replace traditional contact transducer for measurement. Checkerboard target on a vibration table is used to implement dynamic calibration. The proposed method is compared with eddy current method and laser displacement method. The comparison experiments verify the detection ability of the unbalanced mass for the proposed method. Overall, the proposed method can provide more information than 2D detection methods, which has the great potential for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.
Verification and Operation of Adaptive Materials in Space

Piezoelectric polymers based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are of interest as smart materials for novel space-based telescope applications. Dimensional adjustments of adaptive thin polymer films are achieved via controlled charge deposition. Predicting their long-term performance requires a detailed understanding of the piezoelectric property changes that develop during space environmental exposure. The overall materials performance is governed by a combination of chemical and physical degradation processes occurring in low Earth orbit as established by our past laboratory-based materials performance experiments (see report SAND 2005-6846). Molecular changes are primarily induced via radiative damage, and physical damage from temperature and atomic oxygen exposure is evident as depoling, loss of orientation and surface erosion. The current project extension has allowed us to design and fabricate small experimental units to be exposed to low Earth orbit environments as part of the Materials International Space Station Experiments program. The space exposure of these piezoelectric polymers will verify the observed trends and their degradation pathways, and provide feedback on using piezoelectric polymer films in space. This will be the first time that PVDF-based adaptive polymer films will be operated and exposed to combined atomic oxygen, solar UV and temperature variations in an actual space environment. The experiments are designed to be fully autonomous, involving cyclic application of excitation voltages, sensitive film position sensors and remote data logging. This mission will provide critically needed feedback on the long-term performance and degradation of such materials, and ultimately the feasibility of large adaptive and low weight optical systems utilizing these polymers in space.
A Decision Procedure and Complete Axiomatization of Finite Interval Temporal Logic with Projection

This paper presents a complete axiomatization for propositional interval temporal logic (PITL) with projection. The axiomatization is based on a tableau decision procedure for the logic, which in turn is founded upon a normal form for PITL formulae. The construction of the axiomatization provides a general mechanism for generating axiomatizations thus: given a normal form for a new connective, axioms can be generated for the connective from the tableau construction using that normal form. The paper concludes with a discussion of aspects of compositionality for PITL with projection.
Leveraging Content Sensitiveness and User Trustworthiness to Recommend Fine-Grained Privacy Settings for Social Image Sharing

To configure successful privacy settings for social image sharing, two issues are inseparable: 1) content sensitiveness of the images being shared; and 2) trustworthiness of the users being granted to see the images. This paper aims to consider these two inseparable issues simultaneously to recommend fine-grained privacy settings for social image sharing. For achieving more compact representation of image content sensitiveness (privacy), two approaches are developed: 1) a deep network is adapted to extract 1024-D discriminative deep features; and 2) a deep multiple instance learning algorithm is adopted to identify 280 privacy-sensitive object classes and events. Second, users on the social network are clustered into a set of representative social groups to generate a discriminative dictionary for user trustworthiness characterization. Finally, both the image content sensitiveness and the user trustworthiness are integrated to train a tree classifier to recommend fine-grained privacy settings for social image sharing. Our experimental studies have demonstrated both the efficiency and the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms.
Car Detection in Aerial Images of Dense Urban Areas

With the ever-increasing demand in the analysis and understanding of aerial images in order to remotely recognize targets, this paper introduces a robust system for the detection and localization of cars in images captured by air vehicles and satellites. The system adopts a sliding-window approach. It compromises a window-evaluation and a window-classification subsystems. The performance of the proposed framework was evaluated on the Vaihingen dataset. Results demonstrate its superiority to the state of the art.