Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of 6 days of sodium phosphate supplementation on appetite, energy intake, and aerobic capacity in trained men and women.

Ingestion of an acute dose of phosphate has been shown to attenuate energy intake in the subsequent meal. This raises the question of whether the practice of phosphate supplementation over a number of days by athletes to enhance performance also influences energy intake. This study investigated the effect of 6 d of phosphate supplementation on appetite and energy intake, as well as aerobic capacity, in trained individuals. Twenty participants completed two 6-d phases of supplementation with either sodium phosphate (50 mg/kg of fat-free mass per day) or a placebo in a double-blinded, counterbalanced design. On Days 1, 2, and 6 of supplementation, a laboratory meal was provided to assess appetite and ad libitum energy intake. All other food and drink consumed during each supplementation phase were recorded in a food diary. After the 6 d of supplementation, peak aerobic capacity (VO(2peak)) was assessed. There was no difference in energy intake at the laboratory meal after an acute dose (i.e., on Day 1; placebo 2,471 ± 919 kJ, phosphate 2,353 ± 987 kJ; p = .385) or prolonged supplementation with sodium phosphate (p = .581) compared with placebo. Likewise, there was no difference in VO(2peak) with phosphate supplementation (placebo 52.6 ± 5.2 ml · kg(-1) · min(-1), phosphate 53.3 ± 6.1 ml · kg(-1) · min(-1); p = . 483). In summary, 6 d of sodium phosphate supplementation does not appear to influence energy intake. Therefore, athletes supplementing with sodium phosphate can do so without hindering their nutritional status. However, given that phosphate supplementation failed to improve aerobic capacity, the ergogenic benefit of this supplement remains questionable.
Chromosome instability in lymphocytes from patients with celiac disease

Cytogenetic studies were performed in celiac disease (CD) patients to determine if the presence of chromosome instability is related to the predisposition to cancer. Chromosome aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures from untreated CD patients and healthy controls were analyzed. Patients showed aberrations in 23% of cells, while only 3% were detected in the control group (p < 0.0001). The mean frequencies of gaps, breaks and total CA were found to be higher in CD patients compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Breakpoint distribution was nonrandom among chromosomes from celiac patients (p = 0.01), but not among controls (p = 0.04). The frequency of SCE/cell showed a mean value of 6.9 ± 0.6 in CD patients and 7.3 ± 0.2 in controls. No statistical differences were found. Breakpoints involved in CD patients presented a strong coincidence with the location of fragile sites (78.6%) and sites of cancer chromosome rearrangements (57.1%), most of them (75%) associated with malignant non‐Hodgkin lymphomas. These results suggest that CD is a condition with increased chromosome instability characterized by a high level of CA and normal SCE frequencies, probably related to the increased incidence of cancer.
Adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern and menopausal symptoms in relation to overweight/obesity in Spanish perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the relationship of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, as well as the presence of menopausal symptoms, with overweight/obesity in Spanish perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. MethodsParticipants in this cross-sectional study were 8,954 Spanish perimenopausal or postmenopausal women. Anthropometric measurements were recorded, and all women were interviewed to assess their adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, using a validated questionnaire and the Menopause and Health subscale of the validated Cervantes Scale. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between categories of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the odds of being overweight/obese. Multinomial logistic regression was used to study the association between menopausal symptoms and the odds of being overweight/obese (reference categories: participants in the low-adherence category and participants with no menopausal problems). ResultsAfter adjustment for relevant confounders, the odds ratio (95% CI) for being overweight/obese among women in the highest category of adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern was 0.68 (0.60-0.78; P for trend <0.001). The odds ratio (95% CI) for being overweight/obese was 3.05 (1.98-4.71) for the category “severe problems” in comparison with the category “no problems. ” ConclusionsHigher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern (Mediterranean diet) is inversely associated with overweight/obesity in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. The occurrence of low to severe problems during perimenopause or postmenopause is positively associated with overweight/obesity. Therefore, high adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and a body mass index of 25kg/m2 or lower might improve quality of life in women at these stages.
Heterogeneity in the breakpoints of chromosome 19 among acute leukemia patients with the t(11;19)(q23;p13) translocation

Gene probes for insulin receptor (INSR) and c‐ets‐1 were hybridized to metaphase cells from three leukemic patients with the t(11;19)(q23;p13) translocation. Patients 1 and 2 were diagnosed as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (L2), and patient 3, as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (M4). The c‐ets‐1 gene was demonstrated to have translocated from chromosome 11 to the short arm of the rearranged chromosome 19 (19p+) in all three patients. On the other hand, the INSR gene translocated from chromosome 19 to the rearranged chromosome 11 (11q‐) in the AML case, but remained on the rearranged chromosome 19 in the two ALL cases. Thus, the breakpoints of chromosome 19 are different among the patients studied, proximal to the INSR gene locus in the AML case and distal in the two ALL cases. Consequently, the c‐ets‐1 gene and the INSR gene remain separated in the AML case, whereas they become close to each other in the two ALL cases. Rearrangement of these two genes was studied in the two ALL patients, with no positive data being obtained. The results suggest that there may be heterogeneity in the breakpoints of chromosome 19 among the t(11;19)‐associated acute leukemias.
Pay for Talk: How the Use of Shareholder‐Value Language Affects CEO Compensation

The language that signals conformity to a prevailing norm can contribute to the appearance of managerial competency and organizational legitimacy. We argue that top corporate managers’ use of language that is congruent with a prevailing norm leads the boards of directors to evaluate the managers more favourably and to grant a higher level of compensation. We test this argument by analysing the letters to shareholders from 334 US firms and examine the CEOs’ expression of the shareholder value principle, which is a prevailing model of corporate governance in the USA. We found that the use of shareholder-value language is significantly related to a higher level of CEO compensation and that the effect of shareholder-value language is greater when shareholder activism is stronger.
Method of Battlefield Target Information Sharing Based on Ontology

Modern warfare is mainly based on the joint operation of multiple armies, but there exists the phenomenon of information chimney in different armed services and it can hardly realize the information sharing in the existed command and control system. In this paper, a new method of battlefield target information sharing based on ontology is proposed. Firstly, the target detection information databases of navy, army and air are converted to resource description framework (RDF); Secondly, a method of ontology mapping is used for RDF alignment to realize the sharing of target information; Finally, using SPARQL to query the shared target information and verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.
Still a Beacon of Human Rights? Considerations on the EU Response to the Refugee Crisis in the Mediterranean

Abstract The European Union is a political union of democracies which protects human rights and presents itself as a beacon of human rights on the global scene. This Profile reviews the measures the EU has introduced in response to the crisis and highlights the problems they pose from a human rights perspective. Overall, a set of five measures were adopted: (1) improving search and rescue missions in the Mediterranean and the Aegean in order to prevent loss of human lives at sea; (2) initiating military intervention to tackle networks of smugglers; (3) introducing resettlement and relocation quotas to alleviate pressure on the EU member states which serve as entry points (Italy, Greece and Hungary) and from the countries neighbouring Syria (primarily Turkey); (4) creating a common list of safe countries to facilitate and speed up the return of failed asylum seekers and undocumented migrants; and finally (5) strengthening cooperation with countries of origin and transit to readmit migrants and to tighten border controls. Whether the EU will be able to respond to the unfolding crisis by providing international protection to those in need while simultaneously securing its external borders will be a yardstick by which to judge its human rights commitment.
A Quality Attributes Evaluation Method for an Agile Approach

Rapid change of customer requirements has propelled the emergence of an agile approach due to such merits as fast release and simplified documents. An agile approach aims at maximizing productivity and effectiveness. Participants in an agile project usually focus on functionality of a system during the process. However, there are few considerations for nonfunctional requirements (or quality requirements) such as performance, security and accuracy. This causes huge costs, and wastes efforts for later changes. A novel approach is required to strengthen non-functional aspects in an agile approach. We propose a lightweight quality evaluation method that reflects quality attributes to enhance non-functional features in an agile approach. Our approach enables iterative evaluation of quality attributes in each release. It supports participants to continuously consider quality issues. In addition, participants are able to make plans on quality improvements.
E-food-traceability Learned by Consumers

Food safety is an importance to consumers. Firms disclose information about transparent food manufacturing, such as composition, process, expiration date, and so on. This study focuses on traceability and corporate marketing and services. This has a key impact on consumer learning. The research design uses questionnaire survey. The results show that the traceability allows consumers to learn about the benefits of product knowledge and information to meet the needs of the information as a marketing strategy. Between the upstream and downstream manufacturers, companies must continue to develop traceability system in order to establish sustainable competitiveness. Therefore, the use of traceability is a good marketing strategy. This approach allows consumers to get the best consumer information and learning.
Inhibition of Creatine Kinase Activity by Cystine in the Kidney of Young Rats

Nephropathic cystinosis is a lethal genetic disease caused by a lysosomal transport disorder leading to intralysosomal cystine accumulation in all tissues. Cystinosis is the most common inherited cause of Fanconi syndrome, but the mechanisms by which cystine causes tissue damage are not fully understood. Thiol-containing enzymes are critical for renal energy metabolism and may be altered by disulfides like cystine. Therefore, in the present study our main objective was to investigate the in vivo and in vitro effects of cystine on creatine kinase, which contains critical thiol groups in its structure, in the kidney of young Wistar rats. We observed that cystine inhibited in vivo and in vitro the enzyme activity and that this inhibition was prevented by cysteamine and glutathione. The results suggest oxidation of essential sulfhydryl groups necessary for creatine kinase function by cystine. Considering that creatine kinase and other thiol-containing enzymes are crucial for renal energy metabolism, and programmed cell death occurs in situations of energy deficiency, the enzyme inhibition caused by cystine released from lysosomes might be a mechanism of tissue damage in patients with cystinosis.
M-ary UWB system using Walsh codes

Much attention has been paid to a new form of spread spectrum technique called the ultra wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) system for future high speed wireless communication services. We present an M-ary scheme that is effective to reduce interference of UWB systems to existing radio systems. The paper presents both theoretic analysis and BER-based computer simulation evaluations of the proposed scheme and shows that the proposed system can overperform the conventional UWB system.
On the second-order statistics of the eigenvectors of sample covariance matrices

Eigenvectors of sample covariance matrices are used in a variety of statistical signal processing problems. The second-order statistics of these eigenvectors are needed to compute the variance of estimates based on these eigenvectors. Formulas for the second-order statistics of the eigenvectors have been derived in the statistical literature and are widely used. We point out a discrepancy between the statistics observed in numerical simulations and the theoretical formulas, due to the nonuniqueness of the definition of eigenvectors. We present two ways to resolve this discrepancy. The first involves modifying the theoretical formulas to match the computational results. The second involved a simple modification of the computations to make them match existing formulas.
The Effects of Add-On Low-Dose Memantine on Cytokine Levels in Bipolar II Depression: A 12-Week Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Memantine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist with a mood-stabilizing effect, and an association between bipolar disorder and proinflammatory cytokine levels have been reported. Whether adding-on memantine would reduce cytokine levels and is more effective than valproic acid (VPA) alone in bipolar II disorder was investigated. A randomized, double-blind, controlled, 12-week study was conducted. Patients undergoing regular VPA treatments were randomly assigned to a group: VPA + memantine (5 mg/d) (n = 106) or VPA + placebo (n = 108). The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used to evaluate clinical response. Symptom severity, plasma tumor necrosis factor &agr; (TNF-&agr;), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, and IL-1 levels were examined during weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12. To adjust within-subject dependence over repeated assessments, multiple linear regressions with generalized estimating equation methods were used to examine the therapeutic effect. Tumor necrosis factor &agr; levels were significantly lower in the VPA + memantine group than in the VPA + placebo group (P = 0.013). Posttreatment HDRS and YMRS scores decreased significantly in both groups, but not significant, nor was the other between-group cytokine level difference pretreatment and posttreatment. The HDRS score changes were significantly associated with IL-6 (P = 0.012) and IL-1 (P = 0.005) level changes and changes in YMRS score changes with TNF-&agr; (P = 0.005) level changes. Treating bipolar II depression with VPA + memantine may improve the plasma TNF-&agr; level. However, adding-on memantine may not improve clinical symptoms or cytokine levels other than TNF-&agr;. Clinical symptoms may be correlated with certain cytokines.
Development and evaluation of an oral health literacy instrument for adults.

OBJECTIVES To develop and validate an instrument to measure the functional oral health literacy of adults. METHODS For the generation of items different dental patient educational materials and text types were selected that had reading levels similar to materials used for the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) which was the model for our Oral Health Literacy Instrument (OHLI). The OHLI contains reading comprehension and numeracy sections. The reading comprehension section is a 38-item test with words omitted from one passage on dental caries and another on periodontal disease. The numeracy section has 19 items to test comprehension of directions for taking common prescriptions associated with dental treatment, postextraction instructions and dental appointments. We also developed a 17-item oral health knowledge test. The OHLI, the TOFHLA, the oral health knowledge test and a brief questionnaire were administered to a convenience sample of 100 patients. Internal reliability of OHLI was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was examined by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Concurrent validity was tested by comparing OHLI scores across categories of education level and frequency of dental visits. Construct validity was assessed by correlating OHLI scores with TOFHLA scores and with the oral health knowledge scores using Spearman's rho (rho) and multiple linear regression. RESULTS Participants averaged 39 years (SD = 12.4); 73% were female; 64% had college/university education; 40% visited a dentist every 3-6 months. Total OHLI and TOFHLA weighted mean scores were 87.2 and 91.7, respectively (possible range 0-100). The Cronbach's alpha values were high (>0.7) for OHLI and its components. The ICC values indicated good agreement between the test and retest results for OHLI and the oral health knowledge test. Patients visiting a dentist every 3-6 months had significantly higher levels of oral health literacy than those visiting only when they felt pain. The association between OHLI and education level was not significant. OHLI scores were significantly correlated with the scores on the TOFHLA (rho = 0.613) and the test of oral health knowledge (rho = 0.573). These associations remained significant in multiple regression models. CONCLUSION Initial testing of OHLI suggested that it is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate oral health literacy among adults, although additional work is needed to investigate the instrument's predictive validity and sensitivity to change using oral health outcomes with population groups known to be at high risk of low functional oral health literacy.
Immature and Mature CD8α+ Dendritic Cells Prolong the Survival of Vascularized Heart Allografts1

CD8α+ and CD8α− dendritic cells (DCs) arise from committed bone marrow progenitors and can induce or regulate immune reactivity. Previously, the maturational status of CD8α− (myeloid) DCs has been shown to influence allogeneic T cell responses and allograft survival. Although CD8α+ DCs have been implicated in central tolerance and found to modulate peripheral T cell function, their influence on the outcome of organ transplantation has not been examined. Consistent with their equivalent high surface expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules, sorted mature C57BL/10J (B10; H2b) DCs of either subset primed naive, allogeneic C3H/HeJ (C3H; H2k) recipients for Th1 responses. Paradoxically and in contrast to their CD8α− counterparts, mature CD8α+ B10 DCs given systemically 7 days before transplant markedly prolonged B10 heart graft survival in C3H recipients. This effect was associated with specific impairment of ex vivo antidonor T cell proliferative responses, which was not reversed by exogenous IL-2. Further analyses of possible underlying mechanisms indicated that neither immune deviation nor induction of regulatory cells was a significant contributory factor. In contrast to the differential capacity of the mature DC subsets to affect graft outcome, immature CD8α+ and CD8α− DCs administered under the same experimental conditions significantly prolonged transplant survival. These observations demonstrate for the first time the innate capacity of CD8α+ DCs to regulate alloimmune reactivity and transplant survival, independent of their maturation status. Mobilization of such a donor DC subset with capacity to modulate antidonor immunity may have significant implications for the therapy of allograft rejection.
Post-Traumatic Subdural Hygroma: A One Year Follow up Case Report and Literature Review.

Post-traumatic subdural hygroma it is an intracranial lesion, commonly misdiagnosed due to its unclear symptomatology and slow progression. Defined as the presence of cerebral spinal fluid in between the arachnoid and the duramater layers; causing a variety of symptomatology that usually depend on the amount of fluid within this space (subdural). Post traumatic subdural hygroma it's observed in 5-20% of all blunt head injuries, although its diagnosis it's usually rare among emergency departments. Prognosis is usually good due to the absence of severe complications and its spontaneous resolution in mostly of the cases. We present a 26-year-old male patient, with history of high impact blunt trauma, presenting ocular refractive changes and headache. After CT scan evaluation and BOLD-MRI confirmation, a bilateral fronto-parietal subdural hygroma was confirmed.
Driving technology innovation through social entrepreneurship at Prezi

Purpose – There has been a profound neglect in most of the literature dealing with social entrepreneurship on the relationship between social entrepreneurship and technological innovation. The purpose of this paper is to provide new insights into that relationship by using the case of Prezi, a Budapest, Hungary-based mission-driven software company. Design/methodology/approach – The research approach used for this paper is qualitative in nature and uses the case study methodology. Evidence was based on interpretative/qualitative interviews and direct observations. Findings – Using the example of Prezi, the authors show that social entrepreneurial activities and projects could act as an important innovation source for technology-based industries. Originality/value – The authors use the case of Prezi and describe several of Prezi’s socially driven projects and show how they influence those involved with the company to continuously innovate and solve problems that have positive impact in the community as wel.
Boosting object detection using feature selection

Feature subset selection has received considerable attention in the machine learning literature, however, it has not been fully explored or exploited in the computer vision area. In this paper, we consider the problem of object detection using genetic algorithms (GA) for feature subset selection. We argue that feature selection is an important problem in object detection, and demonstrate that GA provide a simple, general, and powerful framework for selecting good sets of features, leading to lower detection error rates. As a case study, we have chosen to perform feature extraction using the popular method of principal component analysis (PCA) and classification using support vector machines (SVM). We have tested this framework on. two difficult and practical object detection problems: vehicle detection and face detection. Experimental results demonstrate significant performance improvements in both cases.