Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dependency Analysis and Improved Parameter Estimation for Dynamic Composite Load Modeling

Dynamic load modeling by fitting the input–output measurements during fault events is crucial for power system dynamic studies. The WECC composite load model (CMPLDW) has been developed recently to better represent fault-induced delayed-voltage-recovery (FIDVR) events, which are of increasing concern to electric utilities. However, the model nonlinearity and large number of parameters of the CMPLDW model pose severe identifiability issues and performance degradation for the measurement-based load modeling approach using the classical nonlinear least-squares (NLS) objective. This paper will first present a general framework that can effectively analyze and visualize the parameter dependence of complex dynamic load models with large numbers of parameters under FIDVR. Furthermore, we propose to improve the parameter estimation performance by regularizing the NLS error objective using a priori information about parameter values. Effectiveness of the proposed dependence analysis and parameter estimation scheme is validated using both synthetic and real measurement data during faults. Albeit focused on CMPLDW, the proposed approaches can be readily used for composite load modeling in general.
Bayesian genome-wide association analysis for body weight in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).

We performed a genome-wide association study to detect markers associated with growth traits in Atlantic salmon. The analyzed traits included body weight at tagging (BWT) and body weight at 25 months (BW25M). Genotypes of 4662 animals were imputed from the 50K SNP chip to the 200K SNP chip using fimpute software. The markers were simultaneously modeled using Bayes C to identify genomic regions associated with the traits. We identified windows explaining a maximum of 3.71% and 3.61% of the genetic variance for BWT and BW25M respectively. We found potential candidate genes located within the top ten 1-Mb windows for BWT and BW25M. For instance, the vitronectin (VTN) gene, which has been previously reported to be associated with cell growth, was found within one of the top ten 1-Mb windows for BWT. In addition, the WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 3, melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein 2, myosin light chain kinase, transforming growth factor beta receptor type 3 and myosin light chain 1 genes, which have been reported to be associated with skeletal growth in humans, growth stimulation during the larval stage in zebrafish, body weight in pigs, feed conversion in chickens and growth rate of sheep skeletal muscle respectively, were found within some of the top ten 1-Mb windows for BW25M. These results indicate that growth traits are most likely controlled by many variants with relatively small effects in Atlantic salmon. The genomic regions associated with the traits studied here may provide further insight into the functional regions underlying growth traits in this species.
Sectoral Contributions to Systemic Risk in the Chinese Stock Market

Abstract This paper investigates the question of how much each sector contributes to systemic risk in the Chinese stock market. Based on two recently developed approaches, namely, Marginal Expected Shortfall (MES) and Component Expected Shortfall (CES), the empirical results demonstrate that weights of sectors matter. Moreover, Financials, Industrials and Energy sectors are found to be the top risk contributors, though their contributions tend to evolve over time. The results have strong implications to both investors and regulators for risk management and regulatory purposes.
(Rescaled) Multi‐Attempt Approximation of Choice Model and Its Application to Assortment Optimization

When designing an assortment, a fundamental trade‐off exists between estimating consumer behavior more precisely and solving the corresponding optimization problem efficiently. For instance, a mixture of logit model can closely approximate any random‐utility choice model; however, it is not suitable for optimization when the number of customer segments and the number of products considered are large. As many companies are using big data and marketing analytics toward microsegmenting consumers, a choice model that is amenable in the problem size becomes necessary for assortment design. In this work, we provide a new approach to approximate any random‐utility choice model by characterizing the estimation errors in a classical exogenous demand model and significantly improving its performance with a rescaling method. We show that the resulting approximation is exact for Multinomial Logit (MNL). If, however, the underlying true choice model is not MNL, we show numerically that the approximation under our so‐called rescaled two‐attempt model outperforms the widely used MNL approximation, and provides performance close to the Markov chain approximation (in some cases, it performs better than the Markov chain approximation). Our proposed approximation can be used to solve a general assortment optimization problem with a variety of (linear) real‐world constraints. In contrast to the more direct Mixed Integer Optimization (MIO) approach that utilizes Latent Class Multinomial Logit (LC‐MNL), whose running time increases exponentially in the number of mixtures, our approximation yields an alternative MIO formulation whose empirical running time is independent of the number of mixtures.
The behaviour of disaggregated output over the economic cycle

This study examines the behaviour of disaggregated real output over the economic cycle in South Africa. Aggregate output as well as sectoral and industry level output are decomposed into their transitory and permanent components. These components of output are then examined for their comovement with those of Aggregate output. The results of the transitory components generally show a strong positive comovement of aggregate output with output of all the economic sectors and majority of the industries. The results of the potential components generally show a weak positive comovement of Aggregate output with output of majority of the economic sectors and industries. The results particularly show a weak comovement of aggregate output and output of general government services as well as community, social and personal services sectors which highlights a laissez faire approach of government to economic management. The results also show no definite distinction of industries, such as defensive, cyclical and sensitive industries, in contrast to the finance literature.
Automatic optical path alignment for a vertical scanning interference profiler

The white-light vertical scanning interferometry (WLVSI) profiler can measure the three-dimensional profile of a minute object with great accuracy. The working principle of the WLVSI is to use the interference patterns measured with a CCD sensor at different objective distance to derive the specimen profile. However, due to the short coherence length nature of the WLVSl profiler, the focusing and leveling operations to bring the specimen surface within the coherence range are very time-consuming. Furthermore, these operations are coupled, for the adjustment of the surface orientation could change the focus condition. An operator has to iterate between focusing and leveling in order to generate a clear image with broad interference stripes. This paper describes an automatic optical path alignment method to focus the image and align the orientation of a specimen surface to perpendicular to the optical axis. Our method first finds the focus point for a specimen by a global search algorithm to establish a starting point. Then, based on a subsequent scanning at several different heights, a rough surface profile is obtained by the depth from focus approach. From this profile, we can fit a plane model to find the major orientation of the specimen. From the surface normal vector, we derive the necessary equations to calculate the rotation angles to restore an oblique surface to perpendicular to the optical axis. After the adjustment, the specimen is refocused again. This implemented automatic alignment system can complete the operations in a few runs.
Thyroid Hormone Controls Cone Opsin Expression in the Retina of Adult Rodents

Mammalian retinas display an astonishing diversity in the spatial arrangement of their spectral cone photoreceptors, probably in adaptation to different visual environments. Opsin expression patterns like the dorsoventral gradients of short-wave-sensitive (S) and middle- to long-wave-sensitive (M) cone opsin found in many species are established early in development and thought to be stable thereafter throughout life. In mouse early development, thyroid hormone (TH), through its receptor TRβ2, is an important regulator of cone spectral identity. However, the role of TH in the maintenance of the mature cone photoreceptor pattern is unclear. We here show that TH also controls adult cone opsin expression. Methimazole-induced suppression of serum TH in adult mice and rats yielded no changes in cone numbers but reversibly altered cone patterns by activating the expression of S-cone opsin and repressing the expression of M-cone opsin. Furthermore, treatment of athyroid Pax8−/− mice with TH restored a wild-type pattern of cone opsin expression that reverted back to the mutant S-opsin-dominated pattern after termination of treatment. No evidence for cone death or the generation of new cones from retinal progenitors was found in retinas that shifted opsin expression patterns. Together, this suggests that opsin expression in terminally differentiated mammalian cones remains subject to control by TH, a finding that is in contradiction to previous work and challenges the current view that opsin identity in mature mammalian cones is fixed by permanent gene silencing.
DEMOKRASI VIRTUAL DAN PERANG SIBER DI MEDIA SOSIAL: PERSPEKTIF NETIZEN INDONESIA

Several hate speech which spread in social media activity aroused because of freedom of speech euphoria in a democratic nation. Those hate speech had effectively used as a negative campaign during election. This study aims to analyze hate speech and cyber war in social media. The method used is qualitative with data retrieval through in-depth interviews of netizens as opinion makers in social media, document studies and literature studies relevant to the research. The study found that cyber warfare in social media has formed two netizen polarizations. The polarization can be identified as conservative and liberal groups. Both groups are actively producing discourse, opinion, information, issues and rumors through social media. This study has implications for the change or shift of opinion leader concept on the theory of two step communication. The concept of opinion maker in the new media tradition that emerges today allows anyone anonymously to become opinion leaders.
Design of an improved dipole antenna for detecting enclosure structure defects by crosshole GPR

In underground engineering, the enclosure structure is the most critical part to guarantee the safety of construction. However, defects such as voids or cracks might appear in the structure, which will lead to accidents of foundation pit. In this paper, an improved dipole antenna is designed for detecting enclosure structure defects by a stepped frequency crosshole Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). In order to obtain more desirable performance, the antenna parameters including the half-cone angle θ, the feeding gap g, the cylinder radius r and the cylinder length l are designed and optimized by the FEM method. The optimized antenna has a center frequency of 0.52GHz and can work well in the frequency range from 0.45GHz to 1.55GHz. Moreover, the antenna is fabricated and tested in a physical model. The result shows that the designed antenna has good performance and can serve for enclosure structure defects detection.
Cubosomes and other potential ocular drug delivery vehicles for macromolecular therapeutics

Introduction: Many macromolecular therapeutics designed to treat posterior segment eye diseases (PSEDs) are administered through frequent ocular injection, which can further deteriorate eye health. Due to the high frequency of injection and the high cost of the therapeutics, there is a need to develop new ways in which to deliver these therapeutics: ways which are both safer and more cost effective. Areas covered: Using the most common PSED, age-related macular degeneration, as an example of a debilitating ocular disease, this review examines the key barriers limiting the delivery of macromolecular therapeutics to the posterior segment of the eye and defines the key requirements placed on particulate drug delivery vehicles (DDVs) to be suitable for this application. Recent developments in macromolecular drug delivery to treat this disease as well as the remaining shortcomings in its treatment are surveyed. Lastly, an emerging class of DDVs potentially suited to this application, called cubosomes, is introduced. Expert opinion: Based on their excellent colloidal stability and high internal surface area, cubosomes hold great potential for the sustained release of therapeutics. Novel production methods and a better understanding of the mechanisms through which drug release from these particles can be controlled are two major recent developments toward successful application.
The spillover effect of imported inputs on broiler prices in Turkey

The broiler sector in Turkey has advanced particularly in recent years. Hence, it has become one of the most crucial sub-sectors in the food industry, serving as a huge source of employment. Despite all these developments, land scarcity and energy capacity obstruct the procurement of input within the scope of the country. Therefore, certain substantial inputs needed by the poultry sector are provided by import. At this conjuncture, it is believed that the high cost of inputs and the external dependence on inputs have retarding effects on the sector’s progress. The aim of this study is to identify the spillover effect on prices of imported inputs (energy and soybean), which are widely used to determine broiler prices in Turkey’s broiler sector. In the research, the long-term correlation of monthly price data spanning the time period of 2003:1 and 2016:9 was analyzed as benefiting from VECM (Vector Error Correction Model). The findings, in the long term, the broiler prices increase by 2.60% in the face of 10% increase in energy prices, while it rises by 3.84% against a 10% increase in soybean prices. In addition to that, short-term one-way relation of causality from energy prices to soybean prices was determined. For the poultry sector, the results show that integrated strategic plans, including both energy and feed markets, must be designed.
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the hazards of discontinuing or not adhering to aspirin among 50,279 patients at risk for coronary artery disease.

AIMS The role of aspirin in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is well established, yet patients happen to discontinue aspirin according to physician's advice or unsupervised. We thus undertook a systematic review to appraise the hazards inherent to aspirin withdrawal or non-compliance in subjects at risk for or with CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS Electronic databases were systematically searched (updated January 2006). Study designs, patient characteristics, and outcomes were abstracted. Pooled estimates for odds ratios (OR) were computed according to random-effect methods. From the 612 screened studies, six were selected (50,279 patients). One study (31,750 patients) focused on adherence to aspirin therapy in the secondary prevention of CAD, two studies (2594) on aspirin discontinuation in acute CAD, two studies (13,706) on adherence to aspirin therapy before or shortly after coronary artery bypass grafting, and another (2229) on aspirin discontinuation among patients undergoing drug-eluting stenting. Overall, aspirin non-adherence/withdrawal was associated with three-fold higher risk of major adverse cardiac events (OR=3.14 [1.75-5.61], P=0.0001). This risk was magnified in patients with intracoronary stents, as discontinuation of antiplatelet treatment was associated with an even higher risk of adverse events (OR=89.78 [29.90-269.60]). CONCLUSION Non-compliance or withdrawal of aspirin treatment has ominous prognostic implication in subjects with or at moderate-to-high risk for CAD. Aspirin discontinuation in such patients should be advocated only when bleeding risk clearly overwhelms that of atherothrombotic events.
β-Lactam Resistance in Haemophilus parasuis Is Mediated by Plasmid pB1000 Bearing blaROB-1

ABSTRACT β-Lactam resistance in Haemophilus parasuis is an emerging phenomenon that has not yet been characterized from a molecular perspective. Clinical high-level β-lactam-resistant isolates from Spain bore a novel plasmid, pB1000, expressing a functionally active ROB-1 β-lactamase. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was applied for the first time to H. parasuis and showed that β-lactam resistance is due to clonal spread of a resistant strain, BB1018, bearing pB1000.
How nation-level background governance conditions shape the economic payoffs of corporate environmental performance

Purpose Companies develop and implement environmental initiatives in particular national governance and institutional contexts. The purpose of this paper is to study how the background governance conditions of legal systems, economic policies and national culture enable or impede the relationship between corporate environmental performance (CEP) and lagged corporate financial performance (CFP). Design/methodology/approach This is an empirical study of 427 MNCs headquartered in 22 different countries. The authors merged data from the SiRi database (generally known as SustainAnalytics now), which contains ratings of stakeholder relations for 427 large corporations with publicly available data from Datastream. Findings Drawing on the new institutionalism in economics and sociology, the authors show that common-law systems and high economic freedom in a company’s home country tend to strengthen the CEP-CFP link. In addition, the home-country cultural variables of uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation, and (to a lesser extent) masculinity may impede the deployment of CEP for maximum financial gain at the organizational level. The macrolevel analysis starts to move the field toward an understanding of the particular national governance configurations that provide the most supportive conditions for any CEP-CFP links. Originality/value One of the central questions in the field of organizations and the natural environment is about the background conditions that may incentivize and reward firms to be more environmentally responsive. The paper addresses this issue through a nation-level investigation of the background governance conditions that may help or hinder the relationship between CEP and CFP.
Comparison of different methods for thin section EM analysis of Mycobacterium smegmatis

Bacteria are generally difficult specimens to prepare for conventional resin section electron microscopy and mycobacteria, with their thick and complex cell envelope layers being especially prone to artefacts. Here we made a systematic comparison of different methods for preparing Mycobacterium smegmatis for thin section electron microscopy analysis. These methods were: (1) conventional preparation by fixatives and epoxy resins at ambient temperature. (2) Tokuyasu cryo‐section of chemically fixed bacteria. (3) rapid freezing followed by freeze substitution and embedding in epoxy resin at room temperature or (4) combined with Lowicryl HM20 embedding and ultraviolet (UV) polymerization at low temperature and (5) CEMOVIS, or cryo electron microscopy of vitreous sections. The best preservation of bacteria was obtained with the cryo electron microscopy of vitreous sections method, as expected, especially with respect to the preservation of the cell envelope and lipid bodies. By comparison with cryo electron microscopy of vitreous sections both the conventional and Tokuyasu methods produced different, undesirable artefacts. The two different types of freeze‐substitution protocols showed variable preservation of the cell envelope but gave acceptable preservation of the cytoplasm, but not lipid bodies, and bacterial DNA. In conclusion although cryo electron microscopy of vitreous sections must be considered the ‘gold standard’ among sectioning methods for electron microscopy, because it avoids solvents and stains, the use of optimally prepared freeze substitution also offers some advantages for ultrastructural analysis of bacteria.
Experiences of Teachers and Learners in the Teaching and Learning of Physical Education in Selected Schools in Monze, Zambia

Worldwide theoretical evidence has shown a source of concern with regard to the negative attitude shown to physical education both in tertiary and secondary education by administrators and policy makers. It has received marginalization in comparison to other subjects especially in the countries in the southern part of the equator in terms of deficiencies in curriculum time allocation, administrative care and financial support. This was revealed at the world Berlin Physical education summit which confirmed the said identified problem attended by many countries which included our country. UNESCO (2005). Abstract: This study was aimed at exploring and understanding the lived experiences of the teachers and learners of physical education in the learning and teaching. In order to understand the experiences, the study made use of a qualitative inquiry grounded in existential phenomenology.
The hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF6) and FOXA2 are key regulators in colorectal liver metastases

The molecular causes leading to secondary liver malignancies are unknown. Here we report regulation of major hepatic nuclear factors in human colorectal liver metastases and primary colonic cancer. Notably, the genes coding for HNF6, HNF1β, and C/EBPγ were selectively regulated in liver metastases. We therefore studied protein expression of regulated transcription factors and found unacetylated HNF6 to be a hallmark of colorectal liver metastases. For its known interaction with HNF6, we investigated expression of FOXA2, which we found to be specifically induced in colorectal liver metastases. By electromobility shift assay, we examined DNA binding of disease regulated transcription factors. Essentially, no HNF6 DNA binding was observed. We also searched for sequence variations in the DNA binding domains of HNF6, but did not identify any mutation. Furthermore, we probed for expression of 28 genes targeted by HNF6. Mostly transcript expression was repressed except for tumor growth. In conclusion, we show HNF6 protein expression to be driven by the hepatic environment. Its expression is not observed in healthy colon or primary colonic cancer. HNF6 DNA binding is selectively abrogated through lack of post‐translational modification and interaction with FOXA2. Targeting of FOXA2 and HNF6 may therefore enable mechanism‐based therapy for colorectal liver metastases. —Lehner, F. , Kulik, U. , Klempnauer, J., Borlak, J. The hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 (HNF6) and FOXA2 are key regulators in colorectal liver metastases. FASEB J. 21, 1445–1462 (2007)