Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical layer security for cooperative relaying in broadcast networks

In this paper, we study the physical layer security for cooperative relaying in broadcast networks. We analyze two cooperative strategies, the decode-and-forward scheme and the compress-and-forward scheme. We can use decode-and-forward scheme only if the nodes which have both good communication channels from the source and high security clearance are chosen to serve as relays; otherwise, we cannot achieve physical layer security. While the compress-and-forward scheme is used, we can achieve physical layer security even though the relays have lower levels of security clearance than the destinations. We provide an achievable rate-equivocation region for this case.
Activated Transcription of the Human Neuropeptide Y Gene in Differentiating SH‐SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells Is Dependent on Transcription Factors AP‐1, AP‐2α, and NGFI

Abstract: Activated transcription of the human neuropeptide Y gene (NPY) was investigated in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells at the onset of sympathetic neuronal differentiation induced by 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) and serum or by nerve growth factor (NGF). As determined by transient expression, two NGF response elements (REs) were required for transcription induced by NGF in SH‐SY5Y cells with stable expression of an exogenous NGF receptor TRK‐A gene (SH‐SY5Y/trk). TPA treatment in the presence of serum induced NPY transcription in both wild‐type SH‐SY5Y (SH‐SY5Y/wt) and SH‐SY5Y/trk cells. A TPA RE (TRE), overlapping the proximal NGF RE, was identified by expression of the v‐Jun oncoprotein that enhanced NPY transcription. Suppression of TPA‐induced NPY transcription was obtained by expression of a dominant negative Jun protein, selective protein kinase C inhibition, or introduction of a mutated TRE, whereas NGF‐induced NPY transcription was inhibited to a lesser degree. The transcription factor AP‐2α was shown to bind cooperatively to the NPY promoter with either AP‐1 or NGFI‐A to the shared TRE and NGF RE and to the distal NGF RE, respectively. These results show that transcription factors AP‐1, AP‐2α, and NGFI‐A are involved in activated NPY transcription during the onset of neuronal differentiation.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in oncology

Abstract In patients with known malignant disease, 51% of liver lesions less than 1.5 cm turn out to be benign. Whether the probability of malignancy is high or low, further investigations are often necessary to definitely exclude malignancy. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography has a prominent role in lesion characterization with a diagnostic accuracy comparable with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Anti-angiogenic treatment is common in most oncological institutions and the response evaluation is a new challenge with a research focus on the change in tumour vasculature and perfusion. In planning biopsies, CEUS can identify necrotic and viable areas of tumours and improve the diagnostic accuracy.
Processing of gender in Turkish-Dutch and Turkish-Greek child L2 learners

Grammatical gender has been documented as a difficult feature to acquire for second language (L2) learners. The majority of previous studies has examined gender production, comprehension and processing in adult L2 learners, in an attempt to unravel whether or not the abstract representation of a gender feature is learnable (Bruhn de Garavito & White, 2003; Gruter, 2011; Franceschina, 2005; Montrul, et al., 2008; Hawkins & Franceschina, 2004; Valenzuela, Kozlowska-MacGregor & Leung, 2004). The results from these studies have drawn a mixed picture as to whether problems in production are output related, as the Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (MSIH, Haznedar & Schwartz, 1997) would suggest, or represent underlying problems with L2 gender feature specification (Hawkins & Franceschina, 2004). Nevertheless, most studies converge on that adult L2 learners make use of morphophonological cues on nouns for assigning nouns to a gender class. (Bruhn de Garavito & White, 2003, Franceschina, 2005). The importance of morpho-phonological cues in determining grammatical gender was initially reported in studies with monolingual (L1) children. (Kamiloff-Smith, 1979; Perez-Pereira, 1991). These studies showed that L1 children acquiring French or Spanish tend to rely more on morpho-phonological cues for gender assignment than on semantic (animacy/sex of the noun) or syntactic (form of related articles, adjectives etc.) information. These morphophonological cues refer to the grammatical gender being predicted by statistical
Effects of Interventions On Relapse To Narcotics Addiction

Event-history analysis was applied to the life history data of narcotics addicts to specify the concurrent, postintervention, and durational effects of social interventions on relapse to narcot ics addiction. Data were based on two face-to-face interviews conducted in 1974/1975 and 1985/1986 to continue follow-up investigations of 581 male narcotics addicts who were admitted to the California Civil Addict Program from 1962 to 1964. A separate hazard rate model was applied to data collected at each interview to reflect the respective stages of addiction careers In the first model, both methadone maintenance (MM) and legal supervision (LS) showed a concurrent effect of postponing relapse to addiction, and the effect of MM was stronger than LS. The second model indicated a higher relapse risk during the year after MM termination (relative to those that had not been on MM) and a positive relation between the length of time on MM and subsequent relapse. The results suggest either that those long-term narcotics addicts who cannot remain abstinent without MM need to be maintained on MM indefinitely or that treatment programs should apply intensive relapse prevention strategies during and after methadone maintenance intervention.
Are all assessments equal? The comparability of demands of college‐based assessments in a vocationally related qualification

The consistency of assessment demands is important to validity. This research investigated the comparability of the demands of college‐assessed units within a vocationally related qualification, drawing on methodological approaches that have previously been used to compare assessments. Assessment materials from five colleges were obtained. After some initial familiarisation and the revision of a framework of demands, 15 expert judges compared the assessment materials from pairs of colleges in turn. For each pair, each judge evaluated which college’s assessment tasks they considered more demanding on a number of dimensions and overall. Analyses suggested that assessments were more demanding at some colleges than others but that differences were not large. An interview study was also conducted in four colleges. The interview data suggested substantial similarities between colleges in the assessment tasks conducted. However, some differences that could affect demands were identified (e.g., degree of authenticity of tasks, availability of exemplars when writing reports).
Use of domain knowledge and feature engineering in helping AI to play Hearthstone

This paper describes two approaches to the AAIA'17 Data Mining Challenge. Both approaches are making extensive use of domain/background knowledge about the game to build better representation of classification problem by engineering new features. With newly constructed attributes both approaches resort to Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to construct classification model. The resulting solutions are effective and meaningful.
Carework as a form of bodywork

The paper argues for the importance of recognising carework as a form of bodywork. It discusses why this central dimension has been neglected in accounts of carework, pointing to the ways in which community care has traditionally been analysed, the resistance of social gerontology to an overly bodily emphasis, and the conceptual dominance of the debate on care. Drawing on a study of the provision of help with bathing and washing for older people at home, it explores the body dimension of the activity, looking at how careworkers negotiate nakedness and touch, manage dirt and disgust, balance intimacy and distance. Finally, the paper draws together some of the key themes of this bodywork: its designation as ‘dirty work’, its hidden, silenced character, the low occupational esteem in which it is held and its gendered nature.
Seeing Inscriptions on the Shroud of Turin: The Role of Psychological Influences in the Perception of Writing

The Shroud of Turin (hereafter the Shroud) is one of the most widely known and widely studied artifacts in existence, with enormous historical and religious significance. For years, the Shroud has inspired worldwide interest in images on its fabric which appear to be of the body and face of a man executed in a manner consistent with crucifixion, and many believe that these images were formed in the Shroud’s fibers during the Resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth. But, more recently, other reports have suggested that the Shroud also contains evidence of inscriptions, and these reports have been used to add crucial support to the view that the Shroud is the burial cloth of Jesus. Unfortunately, these reports of inscriptions are based on marks that are barely visible on the Shroud, even when images are enhanced, and the actual existence of writing on the Shroud is still a matter of considerable debate. Here we discuss previous evidence concerning the psychological processes involved generally in the perception of writing, and especially when letters and words are indistinct. We then report two experiments in which the influence of religious context on perception of inscriptions was addressed specifically, using an image of woven fabric (modern linen) containing no writing and with no religious provenance. This image was viewed in two different contexts: in the Religious Context, participants were informed that the image was of a linen artifact that was important to the Christian faith whereas, in the non-religious Neutral Context, participants were informed that the image was of a simple piece of linen. Both groups were told that the image may contain faint words and were asked to report any words they could see. All participants detected words on the image, and indicated that these words were visible and were able to trace on the image the words they detected. In each experiment, more religious words were detected in the Religious Context condition than in the Neutral Context condition whereas the two contexts showed no effect on the number of non-religious words detected, indicating that religious context had a specific effect on the perception of illusory writing. Indeed, in the Neutral Context condition, no religious words at all were reported in either experiment. These findings suggest that images of woven material, like linen, inspire illusory perceptions of writing and that the nature of these perceptions is influenced considerably by the religious expectations of observers. As a consequence, the normal psychological processes underlying perception of writing, and the tendency of these processes to produce illusory perceptions, should be an essential consideration when addressing the existence of religious inscriptions on religious artifacts such as the Shroud of Turin.
The robustness of interdependent clustered networks

It was recently found that cascading failures can cause the abrupt breakdown of a system of interdependent networks. Using the percolation method developed for single clustered networks by Newman (Phys. Rev. Lett., 103 (2009) 058701), we develop an analytical method for studying how clustering within the networks of a system of interdependent networks affects the system's robustness. We find that clustering significantly increases the vulnerability of the system, which is represented by the increased value of the percolation threshold pc in interdependent networks.
Methods for programming and patient management with deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus for the treatment of advanced Parkinson's disease and dystonia

Globus pallidus (GPi) deep brain stimulation can markedly improve severe medication‐refractory Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia. Appropriate perioperative patient management can assist with electrode implantation. Optimizing stimulation settings and simultaneously adjusting medications (when appropriate) can substantially improve patient outcomes. Although there are a large number of possible stimulation settings, in clinical practice, a relatively narrow range of settings has been shown to be most efficacious. A systematic approach to determining those settings that maximally improve parkinsonism and suppress drug‐induced dyskinesias is outlined following a clear algorithm that uses the observation that stimulation of the dorsal and ventral pallidum has been shown to have opposite motor effects in PD. Based on the available literature, recommendations are also made for the use of GPi deep brain stimulation in dystonia. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
EVIDENCE OF RAINFALL SIGNATURE ON X-BAND SPACEBORNE SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR RESPONSE BY MODEL ANALYSIS AND SPACEBORNE IMAGERY

The recently launched spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) operating at X band could offer a new opportunity to investigate the structure of precipitating clouds. In this paper is presented the model that we have developed to simulate the Normalized Radar Cross Section (NRCS) SAR response and analyze the X-SAR inversion framework that we are developing. Quantitative retrievals obtained by our inversion routines on a TerraSAR-X 2008 case study are also presented.
Responsibility , doubt and compulsive checking 1 Running head : DOUBT , RESPONSIBILITY , AND COMPULSIVE CHECKING Intolerance of Uncertainty Mediates the Effect of Responsibility Beliefs on Compulsive Checking

Both responsibility beliefs and intolerance of uncertainty have been implicated in compulsive checking behavior. Despite this, the exact relationship of these two variableswith compulsive checking behavior is yet to be determined. Using a mixed sample of individuals consisting of compulsive checkers as well as non-clinical participants, we assessed the validity of a mediation model in which the relationship between responsibility beliefs and compulsive checking was mediated by intolerance of uncertainty. Although both responsibility beliefs and intolerance of uncertainty were correlated with the frequency of compulsive checking, the relationship between responsibility and checking was fully mediated by intolerance of uncertainty. Implications for the understanding of the relationship between these constructs, as well for conceptualisation of clinical checking problems are discussed.
Liver X Receptor α Is a Transcriptional Repressor of the Uncoupling Protein 1 Gene and the Brown Fat Phenotype

ABSTRACT The adipocyte integrates crucial information about metabolic needs in order to balance energy intake, storage, and expenditure. Whereas white adipose tissue stores energy, brown adipose tissue is a major site of energy dissipation through adaptive thermogenesis mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in mammals. In both white and brown adipose tissue, nuclear receptors and their coregulators, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), play key roles in regulating their development and metabolic functions. Here we show the unexpected role of liver X receptor α (LXRα) as a direct transcriptional inhibitor of β-adrenergic receptor-mediated, cyclic AMP-dependent Ucp1 gene expression through its binding to the critical enhancer region of the Ucp1 promoter. The mechanism of inhibition involves the differential recruitment of the corepressor RIP140 to an LXRα binding site that overlaps with the PPARγ/PGC-1α response element, resulting in the dismissal of PPARγ. The ability of LXRα to dampen energy expenditure in this way provides another mechanism for maintaining a balance between energy storage and utilization.
Improving Testing Coverage for Safety-Critical System by Mutated Specification

Automation and high coverage are two essential industrial technical requirements of qualified testing method for safety-critical systems. The ioco-testing method is a sound and well-defined formal automation testing technique for labelled transition system. However, when we apply this method to a train control system developed by our industrial partner, we find that some testing requirements are not covered for certain testing objects. Further analysis has shown that the ioco-testing method only generates test cases based on explicit specified system behaviors which may result in low coverage when the implementation under test includes code branches used to deal with faults which can't be defined thoroughly in the specification in practices. Therefore, we propose a labelled transition system testing method based on specification mutation to improve safety-critical system testing coverage. We firstly define the mutation operators for the Input output symbolic transition system (IOSTS) modeling language, then we construct the corresponding test generation algorithm and translate the derived test cases into xml files which can be directly applied to the implementation under test in a simulation and test platform developed by our partner. Preliminary experiments on a safety-critical function named train position determination have shown about 28.5% improvement on the testing coverage.
Multi-Layer Iterative LDPC Decoding for Broadband Wireless Access Networks: A Recursive Shortening Algorithm

This paper presents a novel multi-layer iterative decoding scheme using deterministic bits to lower the decoding threshold of LDPC codes in wireless multimedia communication systems. These deterministic bits serve as known information in the LDPC decoding process to reduce the redundancy during data transmission. Unlike the existing work, our proposed scheme addresses the controllable deterministic bits, such as MPEG null packets, rather than the widely investigated protocol headers. In particular, our multi-layer scheme integrates deterministic bit identification into LDPC decoding process. This integration is able to make significant performance improvement if adequate deterministic bits are discovered. We find that the length of deterministic bits may vary from time to time, and the exploring of deterministic bits is associated to a series of shortened parity matrices during the decoding iterations. Accordingly, we develop a recursive LDPC shortening algorithm to match the dynamic length and facilitate the iterative identification of deterministic bits. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can achieve considerable gain in today's most popular broadband wireless access networks such as WiMAX.
Pregeometrical Formulation of Berkovits' Open RNS Superstring Field Theories

We propose a pregeometrical formulation of Berkovits' open Ramond-Neveu-Schwarz (RNS) superstring field theories. We show that Berkovits' open RNS superstring field theories arise by expanding around particular solutions of the classical equations of motion for this theory. Our action contains pure ghost operators only and so is formally background independent.
Dynamic system identification using Pseudo‐Gaussian‐based recurrent compensatory fuzzy neural networks

Abstract In this paper, a Pseudo‐Gaussian‐based Recurrent Compensatory Fuzzy Neural Network (PG‐RCFNN) is proposed for identification of dynamic systems. The recurrent network is embedded in the PG‐RCFNN by adding feedback connections in the second layer, where the feedback units act as memory elements. The compensatorybased fuzzy reasoning method is using adaptive fuzzy operations of fuzzy neural networks that can make the fuzzy logic systems more adaptive and effective. The Pseudo‐ Gaussian membership function can provide the proposed model, which own a higher flexibility and can approach the optimal result more accurately. An on‐line learning algorithm that consists of structure learning and parameter learning is proposed to automatically construct the PG‐RCFNN. The structure learning is based on the degree measure and the parameter learning is based on the supervised gradient decent method. Computer simulations have been conducted to illustrate the performance and applicability of the proposed model.
Stable and Controllable Neural Texture Synthesis and Style Transfer Using Histogram Losses

Recently, methods have been proposed that perform texture synthesis and style transfer by using convolutional neural networks (e.g. Gatys et al. [2015,2016]). These methods are exciting because they can in some cases create results with state-of-the-art quality. However, in this paper, we show these methods also have limitations in texture quality, stability, requisite parameter tuning, and lack of user controls. This paper presents a multiscale synthesis pipeline based on convolutional neural networks that ameliorates these issues. We first give a mathematical explanation of the source of instabilities in many previous approaches. We then improve these instabilities by using histogram losses to synthesize textures that better statistically match the exemplar. We also show how to integrate localized style losses in our multiscale framework. These losses can improve the quality of large features, improve the separation of content and style, and offer artistic controls such as paint by numbers. We demonstrate that our approach offers improved quality, convergence in fewer iterations, and more stability over the optimization.
Deep, Dense, and Low-Rank Gaussian Conditional Random Fields

In this work we introduce a fully-connected graph structure in the Deep Gaussian Conditional Random Field (G-CRF) model. For this we express the pairwise interactions between pixels as the inner-products of low-dimensional embeddings, delivered by a new subnetwork of a deep architecture. We efficiently minimize the resulting energy by solving the resulting low-rank linear system with conjugate gradients, and derive an analytic expression for the gradient of our embeddings which allows us to train them end-to-end with backpropagation. We demonstrate the merit of our approach by achieving state of the art results on three challenging Computer Vision benchmarks, namely semantic segmentation, human parts segmentation, and saliency estimation. Our implementation is fully GPU based, built on top of the Caffe library, and will be made publicly available.
Visual-inertial fusion for quadrotor Micro Air Vehicles with improved scale observability

This paper presents a novel algorithm for fusing monocular vision and inertial information for quadrotor Micro Air Vehicles by incorporating the unique dynamic characteristics of that platform into the state estimation process. The dynamics of a quadrotor is unique in that a dual axis accelerometer mounted parallel to the propeller plane provides measurements that are directly proportional to vehicle velocities in that plane. By exploiting these dynamic characteristics, we show that all vehicle states, including the absolute scale, become observable in all motion patterns. This distinguishes our method with other visual-inertial fusion methods, which either assume zero accelerometer bias, or require “sufficiently exciting” motion, such as non-zero acceleration, to ensure observability of the scale. The advantages of our method over existing visual-inertial fusion algorithms are proved through a theoretical analysis using Lie Derivatives and verified by extensive simulations and experiments.
Probiotics reduce psychological stress in patients before laryngeal cancer surgery

Laryngeal cancer is a common malignancy; surgery is the preferred treatment. Psychosocial stress is one of the negative impacts on patient recovery. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of probiotics on ameliorating anxiety, and on serum corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) in laryngeal cancer patients before surgery.