Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Setting Errors (Insert Run-Outs) on Surface Roughness in Face Milling When Using Circular Inserts

In face milling, the roughness of the machined surface varies due to the movement of the cutting edge. Changes in roughness parameter values in the axis of rotation (symmetry plane) have been examined at a constant depth of cut for symmetrical milling. In this paper, the effect of increasing feed per tooth on the topography of the surface is studied in fly-cutting and in multi-point face milling. The study takes into account the axial run-out of the inserts. Theoretical roughness values were modelled, the real values were tested in experiments and in both cases the impact of the run-out of the cutting edges and the change of the chip cross-section were also taken into account. Based on the performed experiments it can be stated that the accuracy of the introduced roughness prediction method increases with the increase in feed and therefore the application of the method in the case of high-feed milling is particularly effective. The results have also shown that the run-out of the insert significantly effects the roughness of the milled surfaces and therefore the measurement and minimization of these setting errors is essential.
Distributed and dynamic shared-buffer router for high-performance interconnect

Most Network-on-Chip routers dedicate a set of buffers to the input and/or output ports. This design decision leads to buffer underuti-lization especially when running applications with non-uniform traffic patterns. In order to maximize resource usage for performance and energy gains, we present a synchronous and elastic buffer implementation of a router architecture called Roundabout with intrinsic resource sharing. Roundabout is inspired by real-life traffic roundabouts and consists of lanes shared by multiple input and output ports. Roundabout offers performance improvement of 61% for uniform traffic pattern and up to 88% for non-uniform traffic pattern over the Hermes router, a typical input buffered router. In terms of power, it consumes 24% less than the Hermes router. Roundabout provides a highly parametric architecture that can produce different router configurations with varying topological trade-offs for performance gains without sacrificing area.
Demonstration of the acyl-enzyme mechanism for the hydrolysis of peptides and anilides by chymotrypsin.

The acyl-enzyme mechanism for chymotrypsin was tested by determining the product ratios on the hydrolysis of substrates in the presence of added acceptor nucleophiles which compete effectively with water in the reaction. The product analysis was facilitated by the use of new substrates which could be separated easily from the products by iono- phoresis. Direct determination of the ratio of AcPhe (N- acetyl-L-phenylalanine) to AcPhe-AlaNHz produced on the hydrolysis of AcPhe-OMe and AcPhe anilides in the presence of AlaNHz showed that 1 M AlaNHz is 44 times more reactive than 55 M water for both substrates. The decrease in Vmax/K~ for the hydrolysis of AcPhe-AlaNHz in the presence of AlaNHz is also accounted for by AlaNHz being 44 times more reactive. This suggests a common intermediate in the hydrolysis of ester, anilide and peptide substrates. kcat/Khf for the hydrol- ysis of AcPhe-AlaNHz was calculated using the above par- tition ratio, the values of the formation constants of AcPhe- E sters are hydrolyzed by chymotrypsin in a two step pro- cess. The first step is the acylation of Ser-195 of the enzyme and the second is the subsequent deacylation (Hartley and Kilby, 1954). The rate-determining step for activated esters of nonspecific substrates and for most esters of specific sub- strates is deacylation. The acyl-enzyme accumulates in solu- tion and may easily be detected by kinetic or spectral observa- tion. Earlier evidence for the acylation of Ser-195 is sum- marized by Bender and KCzdy (1964) and Bruice and Ben- kovic (1966). The ultimate proof for nonspecific substrates is that the structures of the crystalline indolylacryloyl-chymo- trypsin (Henderson, 1970) and carbamyl-chymotrypsin (Robillard et a/., 1972) have been solved by X-ray diffraction methods. Ser-195 is seen to be acylated. The hydrolysis of amides is too slow to involve rate-deter- mining deacylation and so acylation of the enzyme is assumed to be the slow step. The acyl-enzyme, if it occurs, is a high-
FK506 Binding Protein Mutational Analysis

The 12- and 13-kDa FK506 binding proteins (FKBP12 and FKBP13) are cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that bind the macrolides FK506 (Tacrolimus) and rapamycin (Sirolimus). The FKBP12•FK506 complex is immunosuppressive, acting as an inhibitor of the protein phosphatase calcineurin. We have examined the role of the key surface residues of FKBP12 and FKBP13 in calcineurin interactions by generating substitutions at these residues by site-directed mutagenesis. All mutants are active catalysts of the prolyl isomerase reaction, and bind FK506 or rapamycin with high affinity. Mutations at FKBP12 residues Asp-37, Arg-42, His-87, and Ile-90 decrease calcineurin affinity of the mutant FKBP12•FK506 complex by as much as 2600-fold in the case of I90K. Replacement of three FKBP13 surface residues (Gln-50, Ala-95, and Lys-98) with the corresponding homologous FKBP12 residues (Arg-42, His-87, and Ile-90) generates an FKBP13 variant that is equivalent to FKBP12 in its affinity for FK506, rapamycin, and calcineurin. These results confirm the role of two loop regions of FKBP12 (residues 40-44 and 84-91) as part of the effector face that interacts with calcineurin.
Relative Contribution of Common Jumps in Realized Correlation

This paper studies common intraday jumps and relative contribution of these common jumps in realized correlation between individual stocks and market index, using high-frequency price data. We find that the common jumps significantly contribute in realized correlation at different threshold cut-offs and both common jumps and realized correlation are relatively consistent across time period including financial crisis. We also find a weak, positive relationship between relative contribution of common jumps and realized correlation, when we further sample high-frequency data into a year. We also observe that the volatility index and market index reveal the strongest relationship. JEL classification: C40; C58; G10
Sleep stage classification based on EEG Hilbert-Huang transform

The aim of this work is to propose an automatic sleep stage classification technique of electroencephalogram's signals(EEG) using Hilbert-Huang Transform. EEG signals are analyzed with the Hilbert-Huang Transform, instantaneous frequency with the physical meaning is obtained; The energy-frequency distribution of EEG was used as features parameters for each sleep stage; Ultimately using nearest neighbor method for pattern classification complete classifying sleep stage. According to experimental results of 560 samples of sleep EEG, average accuracy rate of the method achieved 81.7%. In a word, The EEG Hilbert-Huang transform based method can be used as an effective sleep staging classification.
Improving Reliability of Word Similarity Evaluation by Redesigning Annotation Task and Performance Measure

We suggest a new method for creating and using gold-standard datasets for word similarity evaluation. Our goal is to improve the reliability of the evaluation, and we do this by redesigning the annotation task to achieve higher inter-rater agreement, and by defining a performance measure which takes the reliability of each annotation decision in the dataset into account.
Effect of Pesticides on Adult Rove Beetle Atheta coriaria (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Survival in Growing Medium

ABSTRACT The rove beetle Atheta coriaria (Kraatz) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is a natural enemy (biological control agent) commercially available for control of certain greenhouse insect pests, including fungus gnats, shore flies, and thrips. This study assessed the compatibility of pesticides (insecticides and fungicides) used in greenhouses with A. coriaria adults. Treatments were applied to 473-ml deli squat containers half-filled with a growing medium. We evaluated the effects of the pesticides when releases of A. coriaria adults were performed both before and after application of the designated pesticide solutions. All three of the neonicotinoid-based insecticides (clothianidin, dinotefuran, and thiamethoxam) were directly harmful to A. coriaria adults with ≤3.2 adults recovered (out of 20) among all three treatments across all experiments. In addition, the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos at the low (0.25 fl oz/100 gal) and high (0.50 fl oz/100 gal) label rates; the plant-derived essential oil product (Indoor Pharm) containing soybean and rosemary oil; and the insecticide/miticide chlorfenpyr were directly harmful to A. coriaria adults with recovery rates ≤8.6 (out of 20) among all the treatments. The fungicides (azoxystrobin, fosetyl-aluminum, and mefenoxam) were not directly toxic to A. coriaria adults, with ≥17.7 adults recovered (out of 20) across all experiments. The insecticides (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, flonicamid, Metarhizium anisopliae strain52, and spinosad) and insect growth regulator azadirachtin were also not directly toxic to A. coriaria adults. Furthermore, many of these same treatments did not inhibit the ability of adult A. coriaria to consume fungus gnat (Bradysia sp. nr. coprophila) larvae in a feeding behavior experiment. Although the neonicotinoid-based insecticides were directly harmful to adult A. coriaria, when adults were released 48, 72, or 96 h after application, survival increased dramatically over time. This study has quantitatively demonstrated that certain pesticides (both insecticides and fungicides) are compatible with and can be used along with A. coriaria in systems that use this natural enemy to manage fungus gnat larvae.
Evaluating host–parasite co-adaptation relationships involving Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Abstract Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a parasite that infects rodents, including the wild cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus and pygmy rice rats Oligoryzomys spp. , among others. However, urban Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus have not been identified as important hosts of A. costaricensis. In this study, Swiss mice (SW), Wistar R. norvegicus (RN), wild Oligoryzomys nigripes (ON) and a local strain of M. musculus (RGS) were experimentally infected with A. costaricensis. Survival, elimination of L1 (total sum per group, A0), and the number of adult worms recovered divided by the dose of each L3 inoculum (yield ratio, YR) were examined for each group after a 40-day post-infection period. The survival rates, A0 and YR values were: 27%, 207,589 and 0.42 for the SW group; 81%, 8691 and 0.01 for the RN group; and 63.6%, 26,560 and 0.16 for the RGS group, respectively, in each case. The survival rate for the ON group was 100% and the A0 value was 847,050. A YR was not calculated for the ON group since the ON group was maintained up to 565 days post-infection (pi) to examine long-term mortality. At 500 days pi (16 months), 50% of the ON group had died, while one animal (10%) survived 595 days pi (20 months). Taken together, these data indicate that A. costaricensis has undergone a greater degree of adaptation to the wild rodent, O. nigripes, than to R. norvegicus or a local M. musculus strain. In addition, titre curve (A0) modelling of adaptation status proved to be useful in evaluating A. costaricensis–rodent interactions.
Vertical Transmission of Babesia microti in BALB/c Mice: Preliminary Report

Babesia spp. (Apicomplexa, Piroplasmida) are obligate parasites of many species of mammals, causing a malaria-like infection- babesiosis. Three routes of Babesia infection have been recognized to date. The main route is by a tick bite, the second is via blood transfusion. The third, vertical route of infection is poorly recognized and understood. Our study focused on vertical transmission of B. microti in a well-established mouse model. We assessed the success of this route of infection in BALB/c mice with acute and chronic infections of B. microti. In experimental groups, females were mated on the 1st day of Babesia infection (Group G0); on the 28th day post infection (dpi) in the post- acute phase of the parasite infection (G28); and on the 90th and 150th dpi (G90 and G150 group, respectively), in the chronic phase of the parasite infection. Pups were obtained from 58% of females mated in the post-acute phase (G28) and from 33% of females in groups G90 and G150. Mice mated in the pre-acute phase of infection (G0) did not deliver pups. Congenital B. microti infections were detected by PCR amplification of Babesia 18S rDNA in almost all pups (96%) from the experimental groups G28, G90 and G150. Parasitaemia in the F1 generation was low and varied between 0.01–0.001%. Vertical transmission of B. microti was demonstrated for the first time in BALB/c mice.
NDIR gas sensing using high performance AlInSb mid-infrared LEDs as light source

In this paper, we report the performance of room temperature operated mid-infrared light emitting diode (LED) with an InSb buffer layer and AlInSb active/barrier layers, which showed to be suitable for non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas sensing. Characterization of the LED was performed and we found that good carrier confinement and crystalline quality was responsible for its high performance. High efficiency light extraction was obtained by adopting backside emission architecture together with surface roughening treatment and TiO2 anti-reflection coating. The fabricated AlInSb LED showed 75% higher power conversion efficiency when compared with a commercially available device. The developed LED, together with a commercially available infrared (IR) detector equipped with band-pass optical filter (AK9710, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Microdevices) were coupled into a mirror system forming a light path length of 80 mm, which was tested for CO2 gas sensing. For a non-absorbing environment, sensor output of 8 nA was obtained by driving the LED with peak current of 100 mA and, by exposing the system at CO2 concentration of 1000 ppm signal reduction due to absorbance around 12% was obtained.
Individual Covariation in Life‐History Traits: Seeing the Trees Despite the Forest

We investigated the influence of age on survival and breeding rates in a long‐lived species Rissa tridactyla using models with individual random effects permitting variation and covariation in fitness components among individuals. Differences in survival or breeding probabilities among individuals are substantial, and there was positive covariation between survival and breeding probability; birds that were more likely to survive were also more likely to breed, given that they survived. The pattern of age‐related variation in these rates detected at the individual level differed from that observed at the population level. Our results provided confirmation of what has been suggested by other investigators: within‐cohort phenotypic selection can mask senescence. Although this phenomenon has been extensively studied in humans and captive animals, conclusive evidence of the discrepancy between population‐level and individual‐level patterns of age‐related variation in life‐history traits is extremely rare in wild animal populations. Evolutionary studies of the influence of age on life‐history traits should use approaches differentiating population level from the genuine influence of age: only the latter is relevant to theories of life‐history evolution. The development of models permitting access to individual variation in fitness is a promising advance for the study of senescence and evolutionary processes.
Compulsivity Across the Pathological Misuse of Drug and Non-Drug Rewards

Behavioral adaptation is required for the successful navigation of a constantly changing environment. Impairments in behavioral flexibility are commonly observed in psychiatric disorders including those of addiction. This study investigates two distinct facets of compulsivity, namely reversal learning and attentional set shifting, implicating orbitofrontal and lateral prefrontal regions respectively, across disorders of primary and secondary rewards. Obese subjects with and without binge eating disorder (BED), individuals with compulsive sexual behaviors (CSB), alcohol dependence (AD) and pathological video-gaming (VG) were tested with two computerized tasks: the probabilistic reversal task (trials to criterion and win-stay/lose-shift errors) and the intra/extra-dimensional set shift task (IED). Individuals with AD and pathological VG were slower at reversal learning irrespective of valence, with AD subjects more likely to perseverate after losses. Compared to obese subjects without BED, BED subjects were worse at reversal learning to wins but better at losses highlighting valence effects as a function of binge eating. CSB subjects demonstrated enhanced sensitivity to reward outcomes with faster acquisition and greater perseveration with higher magnitude rewards. We further show an impairment in attentional set shifting in individuals with BED and AD relative to healthy volunteers (HV). This study provides evidence for commonalities and differences in two distinct dimensions of behavioral inflexibility across disorders of compulsivity. We summarize studies on compulsivity subtypes within this same patient population. We emphasize commonalities in AD and BED with impairments across a range of compulsivity indices, perhaps supporting pathological binge eating as a form of behavioral addiction. We further emphasize commonalities in reversal learning across disorders and the crucial role of valence effects. These findings highlight the role of behavioral inflexibility and compulsivity as a relevant domain in defining dimensional psychiatry and the identification of relevant cognitive endophenotypes as targets for therapeutic modulation.
Structural and functional correlates of behavioral pattern separation in the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe

Structures of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) are known to be involved in declarative memory processes. However, little is known about how age‐related changes in MTL structures, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity affect pattern separation processes in the MTL. In this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the volumes of MTL regions of interest, including hippocampal subfields (dentate gyrus, CA3, CA1, and subiculum) in healthy older and younger adults. Additionally, we used diffusion tensor imaging to measure white matter integrity for both groups. Finally, we used functional MRI to acquire resting functional connectivity measures for both groups. We show that, along with age, the volume of left CA3/dentate gyrus predicts memory performance. Differences in fractional anisotropy and the strength of resting functional connections between the hippocampus and other cortical structures implicated in memory processing were not significant predictors of performance. As previous studies have only hinted, it seems that the size of left CA3/dentate gyrus contributes more to successful discrimination between similar mnemonic representations than other hippocampal sub‐fields, MTL structures, and other neuroimaging correlates. Accordingly, the implications of aging and atrophy on lure discrimination capacities are discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exchangeable random arrays

These notes were written to accompany a sequence of workshop lectures at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore1 in January 2013. My lectures had two purposes. The first was to introduce some of the main ideas of exchangeability theory at a level suitable for graduate students (assuming familiarity with measure-theoretic probability). The second was to show the key rôle exchangeability has played in recent work on mean-field spin glass models, particularly Panchenko’s proof of a version of the Ultrametricity Conjecture. To my taste this may be the single most exciting reason to learn about exchangeability. Of course, these dual purposes constrained the choice of material: I had to focus on those varieties of exchangeability that arise in spin glass theory. Also, the spin glass results were far too complicated to cover in depth, so in those lecture I omitted almost all detail, and the notes are the same. A much more complete treatment of similar material will appear in Panchenko’s monograph [Panar]. These notes are certainly not intended to compete with that, but offer a more basic overview that may benefit the newcomer to the field. An early version of the notes mistakenly said ‘ISI’ instead.
Time-Sensitive Route Planning Using Location-Based Data

Location-based services allow users to perform geo-spatial recording actions, which facilitates the mining of the moving activities of human beings. This paper proposes to recommend time-sensitive trip routes, consisting of a sequence of locations with associated time stamps, based on knowledge extracted from large-scale time-stamped location sequence data (e.g. check-ins and GPS traces). We argue a good route should consider (a) the popularity of places, (b) the visiting order of places, (c) the proper visiting time of each place, and (d) the proper transit time from one place to another. By devising a statistical model, we integrate these four factors into a route goodness function which aims to measure the quality of a route. Equipped with the route goodness, we recommend time-sensitive routes for two scenarios. The first is about constructing the route based on the user-specified source location with the starting time. The second is about composing the route between the specified source location and the destination location given a starting time. To handle these queries, we propose a search method, Guidance Search, which consists of a novel heuristic satisfaction function which guides the search towards the destination location, and a backward checking mechanism to boost the effectiveness of the constructed route. Experiments on the Go Walla check-in datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on detecting real routes and performing cloze test of routes, comparing with other baseline methods.
Automatic evaluation of spoken summaries: the case of language assessment

This paper investigates whether ROUGE, a popular metric for the evaluation of automated written summaries, can be applied to the assessment of spoken summaries produced by non-native speakers of English. We demonstrate that ROUGE, with its emphasis on the recall of information, is particularly suited to the assessment of the summarization quality of non-native speakers’ responses. A standard baseline implementation of ROUGE1 computed over the output of the automated speech recognizer has a Spearman correlation of = 0.55 with experts’ scores of speakers’ proficiency ( = 0.51 for a content-vector baseline). Further increases in agreement with experts’ scores can be achieved by using types instead of tokens for the computation of word frequencies for both candidate and reference summaries, as well as by using multiple reference summaries instead of a single one. These modifications increase the correlation with experts’ scores to a Spearman correlation of = 0.65. Furthermore, we found that the choice of reference summaries does not have any impact on performance, and that the adjusted metric is also robust to errors introduced by automated speech recognition ( = 0.67 for human transcriptions vs. = 0.65 for speech recognition output).