Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reuniting Unaccompanied Children and Families in Mozambique: An Effort to Link Networks of Community Volunteers to a National Programme

This article describes Mozambique's effort to respond to the needs of one group of vulnerable children: children who have been separated from their families as a result of the current emergency. It begins with a brief overview of Mozambique's policy for "unaccompanied children", a term used to underscore the fact that most of these children have been separated from parents and extended families and are not orphans per se. It examines initial efforts to implement this policy through the development of a national tracing and foster care programme, and subsequent attempts to link these national responses to networks of community volunteers throughout the countryside. Mozambique's experience is discussed in the light of its potential to inform programme development for unaccompanied children in other war-affected countries.
Alcohol consumption and prostate cancer risk: Results from the Melbourne collaborative cohort study

Although there is little evidence to support an association between alcohol consumption and prostate cancer risk, questions remain concerning the effect on aggressive and nonaggressive tumours and the pattern and type of alcohol consumed. In a prospective cohort of 16,872 men aged 27–70 years at recruitment and followed‐up from 1994 to the end of 2003, 732 incident prostate cancers were identified through the local population cancer registry, including 132 aggressive cases and 53 prostate cancer deaths. Detailed information on alcohol consumption was taken at baseline by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire. Overall, alcohol intake was not associated with prostate cancer incidence. Compared to abstainers, men consuming 1–19 g/d of alcohol had a slightly reduced incidence of aggressive prostate cancers (hazard ratio 0.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43, 1.06) and prostate cancer mortality (hazard ratio 0.56; 95% CI 0.28, 1.14), but their risk of nonaggressive prostate cancers was close to unity (hazard ratio 1.09; 95% CI 0.85, 1.40). No significant association with pattern of drinking or type of alcoholic beverage was found. Our results show that alcohol consumption does not influence overall prostate cancer incidence but we found suggestive evidence that alcohol consumption might decrease the incidence of aggressive prostate cancer and mortality. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy study of Ethanol Influence on MoS2 monolayer orbital deformation

Due to high surface to volume ratio and tunable band gap, 2 Dimensional (2D) layered materials such as MoS2, the most explored one, are good candidate for gas sensing applications, yet the sensing mechanism is ambiguous in these materials. This research mainly focuses on variation of Density of States (DOS) of MoS2 monolayer caused by ethanol adsorption. Using Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy (STS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT), local electronic characteristic such as DOS and band gap in non-vacuum condition are analyzed. The results show that ethanol absorption results increase in DOS and deform orbitals near the valence and conduction bands that reduce carriers scattering.
Algorithmic approaches in model selection of the air passengers flows data

Algorithm is an important element in any problem solving situation.In statistical modelling strategy, the algorithm provides a step by step process in model building, model testing, choosing the ‘best’ model and even forecasting using the chosen model.Tacit knowledge has contributed to the existence of a huge variability in manual modelling process especially between expert and non-expert modellers.Many algorithms (automated model selection) have been developed to bridge the gap either through single or multiple equation modelling.This study aims to evaluate the forecasting performances of several selected algorithms on air passengers flow data based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Geometric Root Mean Square Error (GRMSE). The findings show that multiple models selection performed well in one and two step-ahead forecast but was outperformed by single model in three step-ahead forecasts.
Highly repetitive tRNA(Pro)-tRNA(His) gene cluster from Photobacterium phosphoreum

A DNA fragment comprising the four tRNA gene sequences of the Escherichia coli argT locus hybridized with two Sau3A-generated DNA fragments from the vibrio Photobacterium phosphoreum (ATCC 11040). Detailed sequence analysis of the longer fragment shows the following gene organization: 5'-promoter-tRNA(Pro)-tRNAPro-tRNA(Pro)-tRNA(His)-tRNA(Pro)-tRNA(Pro)- tRNA(His)-tRNA(Pro)-five pseudogenes derived from the upstream tRNAPro interspersed by putative Rho-independent terminators. This sequence demonstrates the presence of highly repetitive, tandem tRNA genes in a bacterial genome. Furthermore, a stretch of 304 nucleotides from this cluster was found virtually unchanged in the other (shorter) fragment which was previously sequenced. The two clusters together contain eight tRNA(Pro) pseudogenes and eight fully intact tRNA(Pro) genes, an unusually high number for a single eubacterial isoacceptor tRNA. These results show that the organization of some tRNA operons is highly variable in eubacteria.
Reproducibility and Concurrent Validity of Hip Joint Angle Test for Estimating Hamstring Flexibility in Recreationally Active Young Men

Abstract Ayala, F, Sainz de Baranda, P, De Ste Croix, M, and Santonja, F. Reproducibility and concurrent validity of hip joint angle test for estimating hamstring flexibility in recreationally active young men. J Strength Cond Res 26(9): 2372–2382, 2012—The purposes of this study were twofold: (a) to examine the test-retest reproducibility and concurrent validity of the horizontal hip joint angle test (H-HJA) and vertical hip joint angle test (V-HJA) for estimating hamstring flexibility measured with an inclinometer during the passive straight-leg raise test (PSLR) and (b) to determine whether the H-HJA cutoff scores may be used for V-HJA for the detection of short hamstring flexibility in active recreationally young adults. Fifty young men underwent the H-HJA, V-HJA, and PSLR on the right and left legs 3 times in a randomized order with a 4-week interval between trials under a controlled laboratory environment. Reproducibility was examined using coefficient of variation (CV) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) and their respective confidence limits. Regression and kappa correlation analyses were performed to examine the association of H-HJA and V-HJA with the PSLR test, and the 95% limits of agreement between H-HJA and V-HJA were calculated to check if there were differences in the raising scores. The results demonstrated acceptable reproducibility measures for the H-HJA (4.12% CV; 0.93 ICC), V-HJA (4.99% CV; 0.92 ICC), and PSLR (4.83% CV; 0.88 ICC). The H-HJA (R2 = 0.62) and V-HJA (R2 = 0.63) results were significantly associated with those of the PSLR. The 95% limits of agreement between the H-HJA and V-HJA reported systematic bias (+7.12 cm) and a wide 95% random error ( ±13.72 cm). This study concluded that the test-retest reproducibility of the H-HJA, V-HJA, and PSLR is acceptable and that the validity of H-HJA and V-HJA is moderate. Furthermore, the H-HJA cutoff scores should not be used for V-HJA for the detection of short hamstring muscles in young adults.
Visualizing a Convolutional Neural Network

Recently, Deep Neural Network (DNN) has gained much attention due to its success in improving tasks such as image classification and speech recognition. Amongst different DNN approaches Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) is extremely popular in particular due to their outstanding capacity to utilize spatial information. We have taken a course (EECE592) that covers DNNs. Currently, there has been a shift on applying bioinformatics data to CNNs[1]. While much success have been achieved in the biomedical imaging domain [2] using CNNs, there is currently ongoing research in other bioinformatics domains such as have been successful in many application and have been applied to many fields such as genomic sequence [3] motifs and EEG[4].
Aortic stiffness, blood pressure progression, and incident hypertension.

CONTEXT Vascular stiffness increases with advancing age and is a major risk factor for age-related morbidity and mortality. Vascular stiffness and blood pressure pulsatility are related; however, temporal relationships between vascular stiffening and blood pressure elevation have not been fully delineated. OBJECTIVE To examine temporal relationships among vascular stiffness, central hemodynamics, microvascular function, and blood pressure progression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Longitudinal community-based cohort study conducted in Framingham, Massachusetts. The present investigation is based on the 2 latest examination cycles (cycle 7: 1998-2001; cycle 8: 2005-2008 [last visit: January 25, 2008]) of the Framingham Offspring study (recruited: 1971-1975). Temporal relationships among blood pressure and 3 measures of vascular stiffness and pressure pulsatility derived from arterial tonometry (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [CFPWV], forward wave amplitude [FWA], and augmentation index) were examined over a 7-year period in 1759 participants (mean [SD] age: 60 [9] years; 974 women). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes were blood pressure and incident hypertension during examination cycle 8. The secondary outcomes were CFPWV, FWA, and augmentation index during examination cycle 8. RESULTS In a multivariable-adjusted regression model, higher FWA (β, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.5-2.1] mm Hg per 1 SD; P = .002) and higher CFPWV (β, 1.5 [95% CI, 0.5-2.6] mm Hg per 1 SD; P = .006) during examination cycle 7 were jointly associated with systolic blood pressure during examination cycle 8. Similarly, in a model that included systolic and diastolic blood pressure and additional risk factors during examination cycle 7, higher FWA (odds ratio [OR], 1.6 [95% CI, 1.3-2.0] per 1 SD; P < .001), augmentation index (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.4-2.0] per 1 SD; P < .001), and CFPWV (OR, 1.3 [95% CI, 1.0-1.6] per 1 SD; P = .04) were associated with incident hypertension during examination cycle 8 (338 cases [32%] in 1048 participants without hypertension during examination cycle 7). Conversely, blood pressure during examination cycle 7 was not associated with CFPWV during examination cycle 8. Higher resting brachial artery flow (OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.04-1.46]) and lower flow-mediated dilation (OR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.67-0.96]) during examination cycle 7 were associated with incident hypertension (in models that included blood pressure and tonometry measures collected during examination cycle 7). CONCLUSION In this cohort, higher aortic stiffness, FWA, and augmentation index were associated with higher risk of incident hypertension; however, initial blood pressure was not independently associated with risk of progressive aortic stiffening.
PERSPECTIVES AND PRACTICE IN ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT

Involvement with people living with HIV/AIDS in treatment preparedness in Thailand: case study / Aree Kumphitak . [et al.]. (Perspectives and practice in antiretroviral treatment) 1.HIV infection – drug therapy 2. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome – drug therapy 3. AIDS-related opportunistic infections – therapy 4. Anti-retroviral agents – therapeutic use 5. Consumer participation 6. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncom-mercial distribution – should be addressed to Publications, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; email: permissions@who.int). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this publication is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. The named authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication. Perspectives and practice in antiretroviral treatment "In government we treat people living with HIV/AIDS as partners… they have a very important role in educating people and communities, helping to diminish stigma and discrimination, and giving mutual support. They are very important in some of our decision-making. We recognize their outstanding work. " "Treatment is not only an issue for doctors. People living with HIV/AIDS should be in the driving seat. " Mr Kamon Upakaew, Chairman, Thai Network for People Living with HIV/AIDS. "People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) have a lot of information about opportunistic infections and about antiretroviral therapy. This makes health staff more active as they have to stay ahead. It's good if PLHA can screen themselves and help their friends: health staff need to discuss treatment with PLHA, but now they don't need to spend a lot of time explaining basic information …These trained PLHA are …
A comparison of ordinal regression models in an analysis of factors associated with periodontal disease

Aim: The study aimed to determine the factors associated with periodontal disease (different levels of severity) by using different regression models for ordinal data. Design: A cross-sectional design was employed using clinical examination and ‘questionnaire with interview’ method. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted during June 2008 to October 2008 in Dharwad, Karnataka, India. It involved a systematic random sample of 1760 individuals aged 18-40 years. The periodontal disease examination was conducted by using Community Periodontal Index for Treatment Needs (CPITN). Statistical Analysis Used: Regression models for ordinal data with different built-in link functions were used in determination of factors associated with periodontal disease. Results: The study findings indicated that, the ordinal regression models with four built-in link functions (logit, probit, Clog-log and nlog-log) displayed similar results with negligible differences in significant factors associated with periodontal disease. The factors such as religion, caste, sources of drinking water, Timings for sweet consumption, Timings for cleaning or brushing the teeth and materials used for brushing teeth were significantly associated with periodontal disease in all ordinal models. Conclusions: The ordinal regression model with Clog-log is a better fit in determination of significant factors associated with periodontal disease as compared to models with logit, probit and nlog-log built-in link functions. The factors such as caste and time for sweet consumption are negatively associated with periodontal disease. But religion, sources of drinking water, Timings for cleaning or brushing the teeth and materials used for brushing teeth are significantly and positively associated with periodontal disease.
Digital technologies to support planning, treatment, and fabrication processes and outcome assessments in implant dentistry. Summary and consensus statements. The 4th EAO consensus conference 2015.

OBJECTIVE The task of this working group was to assess the existing knowledge in computer-assisted implant planning and placement, fabrication of reconstructions applying computers compared to traditional fabrication, and assessments of treatment outcomes using novel imaging techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three reviews were available for assessing the current literature and provided the basis for the discussions and the consensus report. One review dealt with the use of computers to plan implant therapy and to place implants in partially and fully edentulous patients. A second one focused on novel techniques and methods to assess treatment outcomes and the third compared CAD/CAM-fabricated reconstructions to conventionally fabricated ones. RESULTS The consensus statements, the clinical recommendations, and the implications for research, all of them after approval by the plenum of the consensus conference, are described in this article. The three articles by Vercruyssen et al., Patzelt & Kohal, and Benic et al. are presented separately as part of the supplement of this consensus conference.
Genetic variability at the pig SLA complex in U.S. breeds of pigs.

Lymphocytes from 90 mature pigs and 548 growing pigs from 65 litters were screened with cytotoxic antibodies against swine lymphocyte antigens. Pigs included in the survey were from the Chester White, Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds. Significant differences between breeds were found in the frequency of the three haplotypes tested. Such differences may provide the genetic variability needed to determine associations between disease susceptibility and the pig's major histocompatibility gene complex.
A TDC-Free Mostly-Digital FDC-PLL Frequency Synthesizer With a 2.8-3.5 GHz DCO

This paper presents the first published fully-integrated digital fractional- N PLL based on a second-order frequency-to-digital converter (FDC) instead of a time-to-digital converter (TDC). The PLL's quantization noise is nearly identical to that of a conventional analog delta-sigma modulator based PLL (ΔΣ-PLL). Hence, the quantization noise is highpass shaped and is suppressed by the PLL's loop filter to the point where it is not a dominant contributor to the PLL's output phase noise. However, in contrast to a ΔΣ-PLL, the new PLL has an entirely digital loop filter and its analog components are relatively insensitive to non-ideal analog circuit behavior. Therefore, it offers the performance benefits of a ΔΣ-PLL and the area and scalability benefits of a TDC-based digital PLL. Additionally, the PLL's digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) incorporates a new switched-capacitor frequency control element that is insensitive to supply noise and parasitic coupling. The PLL is implemented in 65 nm CMOS technology, has an active area of 0.56 mm2, dissipates 21 mW from 1.0 and 1.2 V supplies, and its measured phase noise at 3.5 GHz is -123, -135, and -150 dBc/Hz at offsets of 1, 3, and 20 MHz, respectively. The PLL's power consumption is lower than previously published digital PLLs with comparable phase noise performance.
Secure power and subcarrier auction in uplink full-duplex cellular networks

We consider a cellular network with a full-duplex base station, multiple uplink users and an eavesdropper. The full-duplex base station transmits jamming signals to degrade the eavesdropper channel when receiving secure multi-user signals. To maximize the secrecy rate of uplink communications, we propose a distributed ascending-clock auction (ACA) algorithm to allocate subcarriers and jamming power. Specifically, the impact of the self-interference of the full-duplex base station on the secrecy rate is considered. The proposed algorithm consists of two parts. Firstly, subcarriers and the jamming power are respectively priced by the base station. Secondly, users select the subcarrier and the jamming power based on the price. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed auction algorithm is mathematically proved. Simulation results show that the proposed auction algorithm is more beneficial to improve the uplink secrecy performance compared to traditional auction algorithms.
Oligo‐2′,5′‐Adenylate Synthetase Activity in Cells Persistently Infected with Human T‐Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV‐I)

Spontaneous production of interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) was shown in several T‐lymphoblastoid cell lines persistently infected with human T‐lymphotropic virus (HTLV‐1). However, the produced IFN‐γ was not always associated with the induction of the antivirus state. The induction of oligo‐2′,5′‐adenylate synthetase (2‐5AS) by IFN was studied in five human T‐cell lines persistently infected with HTLV‐I (MT‐1, MT‐2, SMT‐1, HUT 102 and OKM‐2). Four cell lines are able to produce IFN‐γ spontaneously, while the OKM‐2 cell line is not. Poor induction of 2‐5AS was recognized in three (MT‐1, MT‐2 and SMT‐1) of the four cell lines producing IFN‐γ, though the poor induction was improved after long‐term cultivation of cells with IFN‐α. On the contrary, in the OKM‐2 cell line. significant activity of the enzyme was induced by IFN‐α. Induction of 2‐5AS was not correlated with cell growth inhibition, but with the antivirus state. Furthermore, an inverse relationship between IFN‐γ production and 2‐5AS induction was demonstrated in these cell lines with the exception of HUT 102 cells.
Elbow Flexor Inhibition as a Function of Muscle Length

Muscle inhibition (MI) in human knee extensors increases with increasing maximal voluntary force as a function of knee angle. It was speculated that this angle-dependent MI was modulated by force-dependent feedback, likely Golgi tendon organ pathways. Such angle-dependent MI is of clinical and theoretical importance. The purpose of this study was to determine MI in human elbow flexors for maximal voluntary contractions. Muscle inhibition, elbow flexor force, and electromyographic (EMG) activity were measured in 31 volunteers at elbow angles between 30o and 120o. MI and elbow flexor EMG were the same at all elbow angles. Maximal isometric forces were greatest at the 70o angle, and never fell below 70% of the peak force at any of the tested angles. From these results it is concluded that force-dependent modulation of MI did not occur in the elbow flexors, possibly because maximal isometric force remained relatively close (within 30%) to the peak force. In contrast, force-dependent modulation of MI occurred .
Using Energy Storage to Manage High Net Load Variability at Sub-Hourly Time-Scales

High net load variability, driven by high penetrations of wind and solar generation, will create challenges for system operators in the future, as installed wind generation capacities increase to unprecedented levels globally. Maintaining system reliability, particularly at shorter time-scales, leads to increased levels of conventional plant starts and ramping, and higher levels of wind curtailment, with sub-hourly unit commitment and economic dispatch required to capture the increased cycling burden. The role of energy storage in reducing operating costs and enhancing system flexibility is explored, with key storage plant characteristics for balancing at this time-scale identified and discussed in relation to existing and emerging grid-scale storage technologies. Unit dispatches for the additional storage plant with varying characteristics highlight the unsuitability of energy only markets in incen-tivizing suitable levels of flexibility for future systems with high net load variability.
Interpretive structure modelling(ISM) for feature dependency in sentiment analysis

Under the domain of text mining, Sentiment Analysis is a field that is in progress these days. Sentiment analysis is the calculative analysis of views, sentiments, opinions and positivity or negativity of a text. This paper identifies the factors that are responsible for the different sentiments of a person regarding a particular entity. In this work, the objective is to categorize the factors that influence the system of sentiment analysis due to varied sentiments of an individual. The methodology of Interpretative Structure Modeling has been employed for identifying the driving power and the dependent power of the various elements influencing sentiment analysis.