Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis Kinesin KP1 Specifically Interacts with VDAC3, a Mitochondrial Protein, and Regulates Respiration during Seed Germination at Low Temperature[W][OA]

A plant-specific molecular motor (KP1) specifically interacts with a channel protein (VDAC3) of the mitochondrial outer membrane and is targeted to mitochondria via its tail domain. In seedlings germinated at 4°C, either mutant of the two genes exhibited increased oxygen consumption, respiration imbalance, and reduced ATP levels. The involvement of cytoskeleton-related proteins in regulating mitochondrial respiration has been revealed in mammalian cells. However, it is unclear if there is a relationship between the microtubule-based motor protein kinesin and mitochondrial respiration. In this research, we demonstrate that a plant-specific kinesin, Kinesin-like protein 1 (KP1; At KIN14 h), is involved in respiratory regulation during seed germination at a low temperature. Using in vitro biochemical methods and in vivo transgenic cell observations, we demonstrate that KP1 is able to localize to mitochondria via its tail domain (C terminus) and specifically interacts with a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3). Targeting of the KP1-tail to mitochondria is dependent on the presence of VDAC3. When grown at 4°C, KP1 dominant-negative mutants (TAILOEs) and vdac3 mutants exhibited a higher seed germination frequency. All germinating seeds of the kp1 and vdac3 mutants had increased oxygen consumption; the respiration balance between the cytochrome pathway and the alternative oxidase pathway was disrupted, and the ATP level was reduced. We conclude that the plant-specific kinesin, KP1, specifically interacts with VDAC3 on the mitochondrial outer membrane and that both KP1 and VDAC3 regulate aerobic respiration during seed germination at low temperature.
Performance Evaluation of Sequential and Parallel Mining of Association Rules using Apriori Algorithms

---------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------------------- The information age has seen most of the activities generating huge volumes of data. The explosive growth of business, scientific and government databases sizes has far outpaced our ability to interpret and digest the stored data. This has created a need for new generation tools and techniques for automated and intelligent database analysis. These tools and techniques are the subjects of the rapidly emerging field of data mining. One of the important problems in data mining is discovering association rules from databases of transactions where each transaction consists of a set of items. The most time consuming operation in this discovery process is the computation of the frequency of the occurrences of interesting subset of items (called candidates) in the database of transactions. To prune the exponentially large space of candidates, most existing algorithms consider only those candidates that have a user defined minimum support. Even with the pruning, the task of finding all association rules requires a lot of computation power and memory. Parallel computers offer a potential solution to the computation requirement of this task, provided efficient and scalable parallel algorithms can be designed. In this paper, we have implemented Sequential and Parallel mining of Association Rules using Apriori algorithms and evaluated the performance of both algorithms.
Analyzing the function of a hox gene: An evolutionary approach

We present an evolutionary approach to dissecting conserved developmental mechanisms. We reason that important mechanisms for making the bodyplan will act early, to generate the major features of the body and that they will be conserved in evolution across many metazoa, and thus, that they will be available in very different animals. This led to our specific approach of microarrays to screen for very early conserved developmental regulators in parallel in an insect, Drosophila and a vertebrate, Xenopus. We screened for the earliest conserved targets of the ectopically expressed hox gene Hoxc6/Antennapedia in both species and followed these targets up, using in situ hybridization, in the Xenopus system. The results indicate that relatively few of the early Hox target genes are conserved: these are mainly involved in the specification of the antero‐posterior body axis and in gastrulation.
Morphology of the corpus callosum in human fetuses

Shape and size of the human fetal corpus callosum of a relatively racially homogeneous southern Indian sample population were studied in midsagittal sections of formalin fixed brains. Length of corpus callosum and width of its genu, body, and splenium were measured and the data statistically analyzed. Presence of an isthmus between the body and splenium did not correlate with the measured variables. There was no significant gender difference. The variables correlated significantly among each other but only callosal length and genu width correlated with gestation age. Significant absolute increase occurred in callosal length and genu width, whereas body and splenium widths remained the same. Simple regression equations to estimate the callosal length and genu width for a given age are derived. Clin. Anat. 10:22–26 © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Real-Time Search for Real-World Entities: A Survey

We are observing an increasing trend of connecting embedded sensors and sensor networks to the Internet and publishing their output on the Web. We believe that this development is a precursor of a Web of Things, which gives real-world objects and places a Web presence that not only contains a static description of these entities, but also their real-time state. Just as document searches have become one of the most popular services on the Web, we argue that the search for real-world entities (i.e., people, places, and things) will become equally important. However, in contrast to the mostly static documents on the current Web, the state of real-world entities as captured by sensors is highly dynamic. Thus, searching for real-world entities with a certain state is a challenging problem. In this paper, we define the underlying problem, outline the design space of possible solutions, and survey relevant existing approaches by classifying them according to their design space. We also present a case study of a real-world search engine called Dyser designed by the authors.
Tapping a Valuable Source for Prospective ESOL Teachers: Northern Virginia's Bilingual Paraeducator Career-Ladder School–University Partnership

Abstract This study describes and analyzes a teacher-education partnership between two institutions of higher education (IHEs) and three local educational agencies (LEAs) located in a large suburban area. Working collaboratively, these five organizations designed and developed a career-ladder teacher-education program that prepares experienced bilingual paraeducators currently working full time at local schools to become “highly qualified” teachers of English for Speakers of Other Languages, as defined by the No Child Left Behind Act (2002). In this paper, we examine the needs and perspectives of an IHE–LEA partnership and their dynamic relationship to address the specific instructional needs of paraeducators.
The 2010 Mario AI Championship: Level Generation Track

The Level Generation Competition, part of the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society (CIS)-sponsored 2010 Mario AI Championship, was to our knowledge the world's first procedural content generation competition. Competitors participated by submitting level generators - software that generates new levels for a version of Super Mario Bros tailored to individual players' playing style. This paper presents the rules of the competition, the software used, the scoring procedure, the submitted level generators, and the results of the competition. We also discuss what can be learned from this competition, both about organizing procedural content generation competitions and about automatically generating levels for platform games. The paper is coauthored by the organizers of the competition (the first three authors) and the competitors.
Memory complaints in younger and older adults

Two samples of older and younger subjects were administered a series of memory tasks and questionnaires tapping their perceptions about their own memory functioning. As in previous research, memory performance was usually better in the younger than in the older sample. In contrast, perceptions about memory varied little as a function of age, and these subjective reports were not related to objective memory performances. These results are relevant to theories that metacognition plays an important role in mediating performance declines with advancing age. If metacognition is implicated in age-related memory differences, it is some aspect of metacognition other than long-term beliefs about memory functioning (e. g. short-term perceptions that occur while attempting to perform memory tasks). Language: en
Ju n 20 02 Chaotic behaviour of the solutions to a perturbed Korteweg-de Vries equation

Stationary wave solutions of the perturbed Korteweg-de Vries equation are considered in the presence of external hamiltonian perturbations. Conditions of their chaotic behaviour are studied with the help of Melnikov theory. For the homoclinic chaos Poincaré sections are constructed to demonstrate the complicated behaviour, and Lyapunov exponents are also numerically calculated.
“People Don't Understand That It Is Not Easy Being a Cancer Survivor”: Communicating and Negotiating Identity Throughout Cancer Survivorship

Identity challenges among people coping with illness have been widely recognized in the literature and much of this work specifically highlights the changing nature of patients’ identities throughout an illness experience. The current study bolsters research on identity in illness by focusing on how cancer survivors and their partners communicate about identity after treatment completion. Exploring individuals’ experiences with identity after cancer treatment provides a unique context in which to study how illness-related identities may shift even after illness is out of the body. One-on-one interviews with 35 cancer survivors and 25 partners were conducted. Participants reported having three potentially different identities that may shift throughout survivorship: old (precancer) identity, patient (during treatment) identity, and new (postcancer) identity. Survivors also described a number of challenges and strategies relating to their identity-related conversations with social network members. Results are discussed in terms of the communicative, relational, and practical implications these data have on the complicated and changing aspects of identity throughout cancer survivorship.
Turning resistance of a manual wheelchair: a theoretical study

The study of the resistances opposed to the motion of a manualwheelchair (MWC)was generally limited to the case of the straightforward displacement (Kauzlarich et al. 1984; Frank andAbel 1989; deSaint-Rémyet al. 2007; Sauret et al. 2012). Indeed, this movement often occurs during the daily activity and is a source of fatigue. However, other situations could lead to increase the fatigue of the MWC user, such as mounting ramps (Bascou et al. 2013) or propelling theMWC on a cross slope (Sauret et al. 2013). Among the various situations, the rotation of theMWCoften occurs during daily and sports activities and is subjected to the ‘turning resistance’. However, few authors studied this resistance (Kauzlarich et al. 1984; Frank and Abel 1989) and only Kauzlarich et al. (1984) reported values of MWC turning resistance, showing that this resistance was not negligible. As a consequence, seeking to decrease the turning resistance could lead to decrease both the fatigue and the risk of upper limb musculo-skeletal disorders of the MWC user, especially when the turning situation is repeated. Based on the conclusions of previous studies focused on rolling resistance (Sauret et al. 2012), it was hypothesised that turning resistance could be decreased from geometrical changes of the MWC, such as the wheel radii or the mass distribution on front wheels. Thus, the aim of this studywas to investigate the influence of MWC settings on turning resistance from a theoretical point of view.
Roll‐to‐Roll Green Transfer of CVD Graphene onto Plastic for a Transparent and Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator

A novel roll-to-roll, etching-free, clean transfer of CVD-grown graphene from copper to plastic using surface-energy-assisted delamination in hot deionized water is reported. The delamination process is realized by water penetration between the hydrophobic graphene and a hydrophilic native oxide layer on a copper foil.The transferred graphene on plastic is used as a high-output flexible and transparent triboelectric nanogenerator.
Evidence for a lack of DNA double-strand break repair in human cells exposed to very low x-ray doses

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are generally accepted to be the most biologically significant lesion by which ionizing radiation causes cancer and hereditary disease. However, no information on the induction and processing of DSBs after physiologically relevant radiation doses is available. Many of the methods used to measure DSB repair inadvertently introduce this form of damage as part of the methodology, and hence are limited in their sensitivity. Here we present evidence that foci of γ-H2AX (a phosphorylated histone), detected by immunofluorescence, are quantitatively the same as DSBs and are capable of quantifying the repair of individual DSBs. This finding allows the investigation of DSB repair after radiation doses as low as 1 mGy, an improvement by several orders of magnitude over current methods. Surprisingly, DSBs induced in cultures of nondividing primary human fibroblasts by very low radiation doses (≈1 mGy) remain unrepaired for many days, in strong contrast to efficient DSB repair that is observed at higher doses. However, the level of DSBs in irradiated cultures decreases to that of unirradiated cell cultures if the cells are allowed to proliferate after irradiation, and we present evidence that this effect may be caused by an elimination of the cells carrying unrepaired DSBs. The results presented are in contrast to current models of risk assessment that assume that cellular responses are equally efficient at low and high doses, and provide the opportunity to employ γ-H2AX foci formation as a direct biomarker for human exposure to low quantities of ionizing radiation.
The Road to Critical Thinking: The Perry Scheme and Meaningful Differentiation

On the road to critical thinking, many students are ready for something beyond rote memorization. But what comes next? How do their changing beliefs affect their learning? Are these students different from their peers? If they are, how can we accommodate and differentiate instruction so all students receive appropriate challenges and supports on their journey?
A Non-Redundant Role for Drosophila Mkk4 and Hemipterous/Mkk7 in TAK1-Mediated Activation of JNK

Background The JNK pathway is a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes during development and in response to environmental stress. JNK activity is controlled by two MAPK kinases (MAPKK), Mkk4 and Mkk7. Mkk7 plays a prominent role upon Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) stimulation. Eiger, the unique TNF-superfamily ligand in Drosophila, potently activates JNK signaling through the activation of the MAPKKK Tak1. Methodology/Principal Findings In a dominant suppressor screen for new components of the Eiger/JNK-pathway in Drosophila, we have identified an allelic series of the Mkk4 gene. Our genetic and biochemical results demonstrate that Mkk4 is dispensable for normal development and host resistance to systemic bacterial infection but plays a non-redundant role as a MAPKK acting in parallel to Hemipterous/Mkk7 in dTAK1-mediated JNK activation upon Eiger and Imd pathway activation. Conclusions/Significance In contrast to mammals, it seems that in Drosophila both MAPKKs, Hep/Mkk7 and Mkk4, are required to induce JNK upon TNF or pro-inflammatory stimulation.
Robust sparse recovery for compressive sensing in impulsive noise using ℓp-norm model fitting

This work considers the robust sparse recovery problem in compressive sensing (CS) in the presence of impulsive measurement noise. We propose a robust formulation for sparse recovery using the generalized ℓp-norm with 0 <; p <; 2 as the metric for the residual error under ℓ1-norm regularization. An alternative direction method (ADM) has been proposed to solve this formulation efficiently. Moreover, a smoothing strategy has been used to derive a convergent method for the nonconvex case of p <; 1. The convergence conditions of the proposed algorithm for both the convex and nonconvex cases have been provided. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the new algorithm can achieve state-of-the-art robust performance in highly impulsive noise.
Pygmalion without interpersonal contrast effects: Whole groups gain from raising manager expectations.

Dans toutes les recherches anterieures sur l'effet Pygmalion, les effets de contraste n'ont pas ete controles. Autrement dit, l'augmentation de performance constatee chez les sujets experimentaux pourrait s'expliquer par le contraste qui est induit chez les evaluations entre les sujets qui sont designes comme meilleurs et les autres pour lesquels on ne donne aucune information
Are Transfer Students Different? An Examination of First-Year Grades and Course Withdrawals

Using data from several introductory-level courses at one Canadian university, community college transfer students were compared to transfer students from other universities and to non-transfer students on a number of measures of academic success. The three groups did not differ significantly in terms of course withdrawal rates, and final course grades for college transfer students were not significantly different from those of non-transfer students. How ever, students who had transferred from other universities received higher final grades. Mid-course grades and gender comparisons are discussed, as are policy implications and suggestions for future research. RESUME Au moyen de donnees provenant de plusieurs cours d’introduction dispenses dans une universite canadienne, des mesures de reussite academique ont ete comparees entre des etudiants de colleges communautaires provenant de differentes institutions academiques, ainsi qu’avec des etudiants qui ne sont pas en transfert. Les trois groupes ne presentaient pas de differences substantielles entre eux en ce qui concerne les taux d’abandon de cours. En outre, les notes finales des etudiants provenant d’autres universites ne presentaient pas de differences notables devant celles des etudiants qui n’etaient pas en transfert. Cependant, les etudiants provenant d’autres universites ont obtenu des notes finales plus elevees que les etudiants qui n’etaient pas en transfert. L’article aborde les resultats de mi-parcours et compare ceux-ci entre les hommes et les femmes; on y presente egalement les incidences politiques et des suggestions pour de futures recherches.
Dynamic Pricing of Electricity

As both a regulator and an academic, Fred Kahn argued that end-use electricity consumers should face prices that reflect the time-varying marginal costs of generating electricity. This has been very slow to happen in the US, even in light of recent technological advances that have lowered costs and improved functionality for meters and automated demand response technologies. We describe these recent developments and discuss the remaining barriers to the proliferation of time-varying electricity pricing.
Translimbal laser photocoagulation to the trabecular meshwork as a model of glaucoma in rats.

PURPOSE To develop and characterize a model of pressure-induced optic neuropathy in rats. METHODS Experimental glaucoma was induced unilaterally in 174 Wistar rats, using a diode laser with wavelength of 532 nm aimed at the trabecular meshwork and episcleral veins (combination treatment group) or only at the trabecular meshwork (trabecular group) through the external limbus. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by a tonometer in rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. Possible retinal vascular compromise was evaluated by repeated fundus examinations and by histology. The degree of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss was assessed by a masked, semiautomated counting of optic nerve axons. Effects of laser treatment on anterior ocular structures and retina were judged by light microscopy. RESULTS After the laser treatment, IOP was increased in all eyes to higher than the normal mean IOP of 19.4 +/- 2.1 mm Hg (270 eyes). Peak IOP was 49.0 +/- 6.1 mm Hg (n = 108) in the combination group that was treated by a laser setting of 0.7 seconds and 0.4 W and 34.0 +/- 5.7 mm Hg (n = 46) in the trabecular group. Mean IOP after 6 weeks was 25.5 +/- 2.9 mm Hg in glaucomatous eyes in the combination group compared with 22.0 +/- 1.8 mm Hg in the trabecular group. IOP in the glaucomatous eyes was typically higher than in the control eyes for at least 3 weeks. In the combination group, RGC loss was 16.1% +/- 14.4% at 1 week (n = 8, P = 0.01), 59.7% +/- 25.7% at 6 weeks (n = 88, P < 0.001), and 70.9% +/- 23.6% at 9 weeks (n = 12, P < 0.001). The trabecular group had mean axonal loss of 19.1% +/- 14.0% at 3 weeks (n = 9, P = 0.004) and 24.3% +/- 20.2% at 6 weeks (n = 25, P < 0.001), increasing to 48.4% +/- 32.8% at 9 weeks (n = 12, P < 0.001). Laser treatment led to closure of intertrabecular spaces and the major outflow channel. The retina and choroid were normal by ophthalmoscopy at all times after treatment. Light microscopic examination showed only loss of RGCs and their nerve fibers. CONCLUSIONS Increased IOP caused by a laser injury to the trabecular meshwork represents a useful and efficient model of experimental glaucoma in rats.
Geography disentangles introgression from ancestral polymorphism in Lake Malawi cichlids

Phenotypically diverse Lake Malawi cichlids exhibit similar genomes. The extensive sharing of genetic polymorphism among forms has both intrigued and frustrated biologists trying to understand the nature of diversity in this and other rapidly evolving systems. Shared polymorphism might result from hybridization and/or the retention of ancestrally polymorphic alleles. To examine these alternatives, we used new genomic tools to characterize genetic differentiation in widespread, geographically structured populations of Labeotropheus fuelleborni and Metriaclima zebra. These phenotypically distinct species share mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and show greater mtDNA differentiation among localities than between species. However, Bayesian analysis of nuclear single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data revealed two distinct genetic clusters corresponding perfectly to morphologically diagnosed L. fuelleborni and M. zebra. This result is a function of the resolving power of the multi‐locus dataset, not a conflict between nuclear and mitochondrial partitions. Locus‐by‐locus analysis showed that mtDNA differentiation between species (FCT) was nearly identical to the median single‐locus SNP FCT. Finally, we asked whether there is evidence for gene flow at sites of co‐occurrence. We used simulations to generate a null distribution for the level of differentiation between co‐occurring populations of L. fuelleborni and M. zebra expected if there was no hybridization. The null hypothesis was rejected for the SNP data; populations that co‐occur at rock reef sites were slightly more similar than expected by chance, suggesting recent gene flow. The coupling of numerous independent markers with extensive geographic sampling and simulations utilized here provides a framework for assessing the prevalence of gene flow in recently diverged species.