Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IP Flow Anonymization Support

This document describes anonymisation techniques for IP flow data and the export of anonymised data using the IPFIX protocol. It provides a categorization of common anonymisation schemes and defines the parameters needed to describe them. It provides guidelines for the implementation of anonymised data export and storage over IPFIX, and describes an Options-based method for anonymisation metadata export within the IPFIX protocol, providing the basis for the definition of information models for configuring anonymisation techniques within an IPFIX Metering or Exporting Process, and for reporting the technique in use to an IPFIX Collecting Process.
Spectral function of holes in a quantum antiferromagnet.

La fonction spectrale du trou est calculee avec un hamiltonien de spin effectif tenant compte des contraintes sur le mouvement du trou dans un antiferromagnetique quantique. Loin de la zone antiferromagnetique et pour de petites valeurs de l'interaction d'echange, la fonction spectrale est dominee par des processus a ondes de spins multiples. La dispersion des quasi-particules et les implications possibles dues au desordre sont discutees
Inverting Faces Does Not Abolish Cultural Diversity in Eye Movements

Face processing is widely understood to be a basic, universal visual function effortlessly achieved by people from all cultures and races. The remarkable recognition performance for faces is markedly and specifically affected by picture-plane inversion: the so-called face-inversion effect (FIE), a finding often used as evidence for face-specific mechanisms. However, it has recently been shown that culture shapes the way people deploy eye movements to extract information from faces. Interestingly, the comparable lack of experience with inverted faces across cultures offers a unique opportunity to establish the extent to which such cultural perceptual biases in eye movements are robust, but also to assess whether face-specific mechanisms are universally tuned. Here we monitored the eye movements of Western Caucasian (WC) and East Asian (EA) observers while they learned and recognised WC and EA inverted faces. Both groups of observers showed a comparable impairment in recognising inverted faces of both races. WC observers deployed a scattered inverted triangular scanpath with a bias towards the mouth, whereas EA observers uniformly extended the focus of their fixations from the centre towards the eyes. Overall, our data show that cultural perceptual differences in eye movements persist during the FIE, questioning the universality of face-processing mechanisms.
Mining tweets for education reforms

Microblogging and social networking sites have become a popular means of communication channels among internet users. They provide tools for people to voice their opinions. These sites contain vast amounts of opinionated data, leading to an increased growth in research on sentiment analysis and opinion mining. The study aims at using Twitter, a major and popular platform for microblogging and social communication, to conduct sentiment analysis. Real time data was automatically streamed using the Twitter API to collect the public's sentiments regarding education. A survey was also used to capture the public's opinions. The study will help overcome frustrations during implementation of education policies and reforms by taking into account the public's views and opinions.
Isolation, selection and evaluation of antagonistic yeasts and lactic acid bacteria against ochratoxigenic fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae on coffee beans

In this study, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from coffee fruits and identified via biochemical and molecular approaches. The isolates represented the Pichia, Debaryomyces, Candida, Clavispora, Yarrowia, Sporobolomyces, Klyveromyces, Torulaspora and Lactobacillus genera. Four isolates, namely Pichia fermentans LPBYB13, Sporobolomyces roseus LPBY7E, Candida sp. LPBY11B and Lactobacillus brevis LPBB03, were found to have the greatest antagonist activity against an ochratoxigenic strain of Aspergillus westerdijkiae on agar tests and were selected for further characterization. Applications of P. fermentans LPBYB13 in coffee cherries artificially contaminated with A. westerdijkiae showed efficacy in reducing ochratoxin A (OTA) content up to 88%. These results highlight that P. fermentans LPBYB13 fulfils the principle requirements of an efficient biological control of aflatoxigenic fungi in coffee beans and may be seen as a reliable candidate for further validation in field conditions.
Methodologies for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Subtyping: Gold Standards and Alternatives

ABSTRACT For more than 80 years, subtyping of Salmonella enterica has been routinely performed by serotyping, a method in which surface antigens are identified based on agglutination reactions with specific antibodies. The serotyping scheme, which is continuously updated as new serovars are discovered, has generated over time a data set of the utmost significance, allowing long-term epidemiological surveillance of Salmonella in the food chain and in public health control. Conceptually, serotyping provides no information regarding the phyletic relationships inside the different Salmonella enterica subspecies. In epidemiological investigations, identification and tracking of salmonellosis outbreaks require the use of methods that can fingerprint the causative strains at a taxonomic level far more specific than the one achieved by serotyping. During the last 2 decades, alternative methods that could successfully identify the serovar of a given strain by probing its DNA have emerged, and molecular biology-based methods have been made available to address phylogeny and fingerprinting issues. At the same time, accredited diagnostics have become increasingly generalized, imposing stringent methodological requirements in terms of traceability and measurability. In these new contexts, the hand-crafted character of classical serotyping is being challenged, although it is widely accepted that classification into serovars should be maintained. This review summarizes and discusses modern typing methods, with a particular focus on those having potential as alternatives for classical serotyping or for subtyping Salmonella strains at a deeper level.
CORRELATES OF SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER AMONG PSYCHIATRIC OUTPATIENTS: FOCUS ON COGNITION, SOCIAL ROLE FUNCTIONING, AND PSYCHIATRIC STATUS

This study compared psychiatric outpatients who were never, former, and current substance abusers on psychiatric, social, and cognitive functioning. Fifty-six outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders volunteered to complete diagnostic and social role function interviews, self-report inventories, and neuropsychological tests. Multinomial logit regression analyses indicated that current and former abusers reported greater subjective feelings of distress than those who never abused. Contrary to expectations, however, both groups of substance abusers performed better on nonverbal cognitive tests compared with those who never abused. Differences in social functioning were also observed: former abusers demonstrated better instrumental role functioning than those who never abused. This pattern of findings challenges assumptions about additive effects of comorbid disorders on cognitive and social functioning.
Automated Diagnostic System for the Human Skin Texture using Digital Image Processing

Skin texture analysis is one of the challenging issues in the field of medical diagnosis. Various types of skin diseases are affecting human life like skin dryness, fungus, and allergic symptoms. The objective of this paper is to analyze the skin disease using texture analysis of skin image andby comparing the test image to a defined images or reference images. In the existing scenario, the skin images are analyzed in frequency domain. However, it is observed that the skin color in texture images does not vary over a wide range. Hence, the histogram profile of the skin texture remains almost flat. In the proposed work, we have shifted the skin texture analysis towards the gray level profile analysis. In the proposed thesis work, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix of the skin image is computed. The GLCM functions characterize the texture of an image by calculating how often pairs of pixel with specific values and in a specified spatial relationship occur in an image, creating a GLCM, and then extracting statistical measures from this matrix. Further, the image entropy and energies are also computed in order to correlate the skin symptoms to the skin texture images.
Role for Mitochondrial Oxidants as Regulators of Cellular Metabolism

ABSTRACT Leakage of mitochondrial oxidants contributes to a variety of harmful conditions ranging from neurodegenerative diseases to cellular senescence. We describe here, however, a physiological and heretofore unrecognized role for mitochondrial oxidant release. Mitochondrial metabolism of pyruvate is demonstrated to activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). This metabolite-induced rise in cytosolic JNK1 activity is shown to be triggered by increased release of mitochondrial H2O2. We further demonstrate that in turn, the redox-dependent activation of JNK1 feeds back and inhibits the activity of the metabolic enzymes glycogen synthase kinase 3β and glycogen synthase. As such, these results demonstrate a novel metabolic regulatory pathway activated by mitochondrial oxidants. In addition, they suggest that although chronic oxidant production may have deleterious effects, mitochondrial oxidants can also function acutely as signaling molecules to provide communication between the mitochondria and the cytosol.
It's a good time to get involved: Perspectives on the ESA, from Aldo Leopold to today

In preparation for this address, I researched past ESA Presidential addresses, and this resulted in some interesting discoveries. First, I learned that the past-Presidential Address is a custom, not a requirement. There is no mention of it in either the Constitution or Bylaws. This led me to wonder if the “advent of the new millennium” might be an appropriate time to break this tradition! Second, and more seriously, I learned that at least one ESA President and one of the great leaders of our Society— Aldo Leopold—did not give this address. Leopold died of a heart attack in April 1948 while fighting a grass fire on a neighbor’s property ( ESA Bulletin 1948:35; see also <http:// www.aldoleopold.org>, and so was unable to present the scheduled pastPresidential address at the Annual Meeting at the University of Maryland in September 1948. I also learned that, at the time of Leopold’s presidency, the ESA was deeply divided regarding what the goals and emphasis of the Society should be. I discovered some interesting parallels (and differences) between the ESA then and now. Many of the issues that were considered critical ecological challenges at the time of Leopold’s presidency are still being discussed at this meeting. So in this address, I would like to do two things. First, I want to provide an overview of what the ESA was like at the time of Leopold’s presidency, and to consider what might have been the content of his Presidential address, if he had presented it. Then, I want to use this as the perspective to reflect on how we, as individual members and a scientific society, are currently addressing the challenge of applying the science of ecology to problems that continue to face the world today. Are we any closer to meeting those challenges than we were 50 years ago?
The chemical composition and serological reactions of lipopolysaccharides from serogroups A,B,X, and Y Neisseria meningitidis.

Analyses of the cell wall lipopolysaccharides prepared from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, X, and Y, indicated that they all contained glucose, galactose, glucosamine, heptose, lipid A, ethanolamine, fatty acids, phosphate, and protein. Some minor compositional differences in the sugar components did occur in that sialic acid (6–7%) was found only in serogroups B and Y, and galactosamine (2–3%) in serogroups B and X. The individual fatty acid and amino acid components in the four serogroups were also qualitatively similar. The Neisseria lipopolysaccharides studied have the same components as the core structure of the Enterobacterioceae but appear to lack the characteristic components of their O-antigen side chains. Serological studies indicated that the lipopolysaccharides were homogeneous and were for the main part group specific in nature, despite their compositional similarity. On the basis of compositional differences alone it is not possible to account for the group specificity that they exh.
Long-term Change in Summer Water Vapor Transport over South China in Recent Decades

This article investigated the long-term variation of the boreal summer (JJA) moisture circulation over South China (SC). The total precipitable water (TPW) and moisture convergence over SC have increased obviously, such trend is not a local phenomenon, but the result of large-scale circulation anomaly. In the past few decades, the water vapor transport from southern hemisphere and subtropical western Pacific is strengthened, while the northward transport over East Asia is weakened, leading enhanced moisture convergence over the Philippines and adjacent region. The net flux of SC shows no significant shift in the end of the 1970s which is widely acknowledged as ‘‘climate shift’’, but ascends remarkably after the early 1990s. This doesn’t mean the moisture circulation over SC experiences no variation with the ‘‘climate shift’’. In fact, the relationship between total net flux with budgets of four boundaries had been modified in the end of the 1970s. The correlation of the net flux is highly negative with the budget of north boundary, and positive with the budget of west and east boundaries before 1979/80, but only highly positive with the budget of south boundary after 1979/80. This modification is closely related to the north-south migration of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH). Before 1979/80, the ridge of WPSH lies northward, resulting in stronger output of water vapor via the north boundary which may probably lead to the significant correlation between flux of north boundary and net flux. After 1979/80, the ridge of WPSH shifts southward, inducing stronger water vapor input through the south boundary, which is probably the causation of significant correlation between flux of south boundary and net flux.
Automated three-dimensional registration and volume rebuilding for wide-field angiographic and structural optical coherence tomography

Abstract. We propose a three-dimensional (3-D) registration method to correct motion artifacts and construct the volume structure for angiographic and structural optical coherence tomography (OCT). This algorithm is particularly suitable for the nonorthogonal wide-field OCT scan acquired by a ultrahigh-speed swept-source system (>200 kHz A-scan rate). First, the transverse motion artifacts are corrected by the between-frame registration based on en face OCT angiography (OCTA). After A-scan transverse translation between B-frames, the axial motions are corrected based on the rebuilt boundary of inner limiting membrane. Finally, a within-frame registration is performed for local optimization based on cross-sectional OCTA. We evaluated this algorithm on retinal volumes of six normal subjects. The results showed significantly improved retinal smoothness in 3-D-registered structural OCT and image contrast on en face OCTA.
At Last an ISO C Binding of GKS

The C4 bindings of GKS1 and other semantic computer graphics standards like GKS–3D2 and PHIGS3 are long overdue. While GKS was completed in 1985 and GKS–3D2 (and PHIGS3) became an international standard in 1988, none of their C bindings could be standardized, for the simple reason that the C language itself was not a standard. Instead, a host of de facto GKS/C bindings9 appeared.
SNaPshot Minisequencing and a Panel of Candidate Genes for Complex Routine Testing of Meat Performance Traits in Pigs

The aim of the study was to introduce a convenient method for identification of differences among individual animals in genes supposed to influence meat performance in pigs. The set of seven candidate genes (IGF2, FOS, MC4R, DGAT1, MYF4, MYF, and MC3R) was used. To determine the genotypes, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and minisequencing using SNaPshot system (Applied Biosystems; Forster City, CA, USA) were applied. The efficiency of this gene panel for routine testing in pigs was verified in the Black Pied Přeštice pig breed by the statistical general linear model. The results showed that both the method and the gene panel are convenient for meat quality testing and offer reproducible results.
Outcomes of a field trial to improve children's dietary patterns and physical activity. The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health. CATCH collaborative group.

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcomes of health behavior interventions, focusing on the elementary school environment, classroom curricula, and home programs, for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. DESIGN A randomized, controlled field trial at four sites with 56 intervention and 40 control elementary schools. Outcomes were assessed using prerandomization measures (fall 1991) and follow-up measures (spring 1994). PARTICIPANTS A total of 5106 initially third-grade students from ethnically diverse backgrounds in public schools located in California, Louisiana, Minnesota, and Texas. INTERVENTION Twenty-eight schools participated in a third-grade through fifth-grade intervention including school food service modifications, enhanced physical education (PE), and classroom health curricula. Twenty-eight additional schools received these components plus family education. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES At the school level, two primary end points were changes in the fat content of food service lunch offerings and the amount of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the PE programs. At the level of the individual student, serum cholesterol change was the primary end point and was used for power calculations for the study. Individual level secondary end points included psychological factors, recall measures of eating and physical activity patterns, and other physiologic measures. RESULTS In intervention school lunches, the percentage of energy intake from fat fell significantly more (from 38.7% to 31.9%) than in control lunches (from 38.9% to 36.2%)(P<.001). The intensity of physical activity in PE classes during the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) intervention increased significantly in the intervention schools compared with the control schools (P<.02). Self-reported daily energy intake from fat among students in the intervention schools was significantly reduced (from 32.7% to 30.3%) compared with that among students in the control schools (from 32.6% to 32.2%)(P<.001). Intervention students reported significantly more daily vigorous activity than controls (58.6 minutes vs 46.5 minutes; P<.003). Blood pressure, body size, and cholesterol measures did not differ significantly between treatment groups. No evidence of deleterious effects of this intervention on growth or development was observed. CONCLUSION The CATCH intervention was able to modify the fat content of school lunches, increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in PE, and improve eating and physical activity behaviors in children during 3 school years.
Reach for it

The Moravian College RN TO BS program delivers the highest quality baccalaureate nursing education to registered nurses in a fl exible format. Designed to be RELEVANT to the learning needs of adult students, Moravian's nursing courses complement prior course-work and experience. Generous TRANSFER arrangements allow course units earned at two-year and four-year institutions to be applied to program completion.
How accurate is accurate enough? A brief overview on accuracy considerations in image-guided cardiac interventions

Image-guided interventions have revolutionized the development of minimally invasive surgical procedures, leading to reduced patient trauma, fewer risks and shorter recovery times. However, one of the most frequently posed question with regards to an image guidance system is how accurate it is. In this work we provide a brief overview on accuracy considerations from our perspective on cardiac image-guided procedures: what are the clinically-imposed accuracy constraints, how do these measure against the limitations of the image-guidance system, and how can surgeons directly benefit from real-time accuracy feedback to ensure optimal navigation at all times during the intervention?
An efficient metric for detecting timing failure region due to crosstalk noise

Crosstalk noise is a critical issue in the deep submicron circuit design, since it causes functional failures in IC chips. This paper proposes an efficient approach to find the timing region of the circuit that timing failure occurs in an IC chip. The proposed method efficiently finds timing failure region by using CGOV metric without iterative simulations. In the experimental results, the proposed method shows 5.4 % average error rate, and 12 % maximum error rate compared with spice simulation results.
HER2-mTOR signaling–driven breast cancer cells require ER-associated degradation to survive

Exploiting the dependence of some cancer cells on an ER stress response pathway may overcome resistance to some chemotherapeutics. Putting more stress on HER2-driven cancer Cancer cells have increased gene expression and hence protein synthesis, which can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This stress can trigger apoptosis if not alleviated. Using patient and cancer cell line genomic databases, Singh et al. found that HER2-driven breast cancers have increased ER stress–induced signaling. Pharmacologically blocking this pathway caused cell death in cultured HER2-positive cells, including those that were resistant to clinically used HER2 inhibitors. Targeting non-oncogenic vulnerabilities may provide additional therapeutic approaches in tumors that are resistant to oncogene-targeted therapy. Using a computational pathway-based approach, we interrogated clinical breast cancer genomic data sets for candidate non-oncogenic vulnerabilities in breast cancers that have genomic amplification of ERBB2, which encodes human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2). HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers showed increased expression of genes encoding proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of ERAD led to irrecoverable ER stress and selectively killed HER2+ breast cancer cells. Cell death caused by ERAD inhibition partially depended on increased HER2-mTOR signaling, which imposed an increased proteotoxic burden on the ER. Cell death in response to ER stress required the IRE1α-JNK pathway, which was selectively suppressed in HER2+ breast cancers by phosphatases that inactivate JNK. Accordingly, the cytotoxicity of inhibiting ERAD as well as JNK phosphatases was synergistic in HER2+ but not in HER2-negative breast cancer cells. Therefore, our study suggests that reactivation of oncogene-induced stress by targeting stress-adaptive pathways may be a beneficial approach for therapy-resistant breast cancers.