Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hemizygous deletions on chromosome 1p21.3 involving the DPYD gene in individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Carter MT, Nikkel SM, Fernandez BA, Marshall CR, Noor A, Lionel AC, Prasad A, Pinto D, Joseph‐George AM, Noakes C, Fairbrother‐Davies C, Roberts W, Vincent J, Weksberg R, Scherer SW. Hemizygous deletions on chromosome 1p21.3 involving the DPYD gene in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
Effective Leadership Styles

On Leadership there are various theories developed. One amongst them is a personality trait theory which is built on inherent internal characteristics. There is no one answer on “Do inborn preferences influence leadership style? ” There are tools like Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to measure the leadership traits. The personality types influences the leadership styles which leads to appropriate, under or over leading and the readiness of the followers to receive the direction. An effective leadership style can be developed on the basis of understanding of the situations. This paper develops a conceptual model about the relationship and an empirical study. Data was collected from managers trained in Situational Leadership which consisted of an independent training on Meyers and Brigs type indicator to understand their preferences and a 360 degree feedback on their leadership styles . The results confirmed the modern theory that leadership is not only inborn but can be developed if one focuses on the inborn preferences.
Undocumented and unchecked: exceptions that spell trouble

Modern programs rely on large application programming interfaces (APIs). The Android framework comprises 231 core APIs, and is used by countless developers. We examine a sample of 4,900 distinct crash stack traces from 1,800 different Android applications, looking for Android API methods with undocumented exceptions that are part of application crashes. For the purposes of this study, we take as a reference the version 15 of the Android API, which matches our stack traces. Our results show that a significant number of crashes (19%) might have been avoided if these methods had the corresponding exceptions documented as part of their interface.
Screening for postnatal depression in Bengali women: Preliminary observations from using a translated version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)

Postnatal depression carries a significant health burden for mothers and their offspring. However, the majority of screening or treatment studies for postnatal depression have been carried out on white or European populations and clinicians have been appropriately cautious about applying these findings to different cultural groups. This study describes the development and use of a Bengali version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Forty-eight Bangladeshi postnatal women in both Bangladesh and England were interviewed by a Syhletti/Bengali-speaking psychologist. The translated version of the EPDS was presented in the usual way, along with a standardized interview about the degree of social support and a translated version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Although one item of the EPDS presented some translation difficulties, the majority of items obtained reasonable semantic equivalence and were successfully rated by the women in the study. Preliminary examination of the psychometric properties of the scale suggested adequate reliability for the scale. Higher EPDS scores had both a significant positive association with less social support and higher scores on the GHQ. While this is not a screening validation study of the Bengali version of the EPDS, the findings do provide preliminary evidence that postnatal depression screening programmes may be an appropriate and inexpensive method of identifying postnatal distress in Bangladeshi women.
The Face of Time: Temporal Cues in Facial Expressions of Emotion

Results of studies reported here indicate that humans are attuned to temporal cues in facial expressions of emotion. The experimental task required subjects to reproduce the actual progression of a target person's spontaneous expression (i.e., onset to offset) from a scrambled set of photographs. Each photograph depicted a segment of the expression that corresponded to approximately 67 ms in real time. Results of two experiments indicated that (a) individuals could detect extremely subtle dynamic cues in a facial expression and could utilize these cues to reproduce the proper temporal progression of the display at above-chance levels of accuracy; (b) women performed significantly better than men on the task designed to assess this ability; (c) individuals were most sensitive to the temporal characteristics of the early stages of an expression; and (d) accuracy was inversely related to the amount of time allotted for the task. The latter finding may reflect the relative involvement of (error-prone) cognitively mediated or strategic processes in what is normally a relatively automatic, nonconscious process.
Identification of major ischemic change. Diffusion-weighted imaging versus computed tomography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thrombolytic therapy is not recommended in patients with CT changes of recent major infarction, which has been defined as reduced attenuation or cerebral edema involving >33% of the middle cerebral artery territory (European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study [ECASS] criteria). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is more sensitive than CT in detecting acute ischemia, and the combination of DWI, MR perfusion imaging, and MR angiography provides additional information from a single examination. We sought to determine whether DWI could identify the presence and extent of major ischemia as well as CT in hyperacute stroke patients. METHODS Seventeen suspected hemispheric stroke patients were studied with both CT and DWI within 6 hours of symptom onset. None received thrombolytic therapy. The scans were examined separately by 2 neuroradiologists in a blinded fashion for ischemic change and cerebral edema, graded as normal, <33%, or >33% of the MCA territory. Final diagnosis of stroke was determined with the use of standard clinical criteria and T2-weighted imaging at day 90. RESULTS Sixteen of 17 patients had a final diagnosis of stroke. Acute ischemic changes were seen in all 16 on DWI (100% sensitivity) and in 12 of 16 on CT (75% sensitivity). DWI identified all 6 patients with major ischemia on CT, with excellent agreement between the 2 imaging techniques (kappa=0.88). One patient eligible for thrombolysis on the ECASS CT criteria had major ischemia on DWI. CONCLUSIONS DWI is more sensitive than CT in the identification of acute ischemia and can visualize major ischemia more easily than CT.
Mobile physical activity recognition of stand-up and sit-down transitions for user behavior analysis

Sufficient physical activity is required for everybody, especially for elderly people. Monitoring of physical activity is possible in daily life by using mobile sensors such as acceleration sensors. The recognition of periodic activity types like walking, cycling, car driving etc. is easy to perform. However, the identification of transitions between physical activities is difficult, because those events are nonrecurring and unique. The estimation about the share of standing or sitting during work is interesting for the design of the modern workplace. Human ergonomics demand for a limitation of standing work; this may even be enforced by the legal protection of working mothers to improve the working condition. The recognition of standing and sitting is furthermore useful within the home living area design. Hereby a detection of staying, sitting and walking supports the assessment of the activities of daily life. This paper addresses the methodology of mobile physical activity recognition of transitions between sitting and standing by using only one three-dimensional acceleration sensor. The recognition is performed by using a synthetic kernel signal and a correlation of the measurement signal. For the evaluation, a detection application has been developed which uses the build-in sensors of a standard mobile phone. The evaluation included 12 subjects and the result shows that mobile recognition of activity transitions is possible.
Compact broadband couplers based on the waveguide magic-T junction

In this paper, a broadband 180° waveguide directional coupler based on a modified magic-T junction is presented. The well-known magic-T waveguide junction is effectively modified and optimized leading to enhanced performance. Moreover, the volume of the proposed enhanced magic-T is similar to the classic junction. The novel magic-T proposed uses an iris in the E port, a single width step in the H port, a simple post in the junction and reduced height in the H and common ports. The bandwidth of the directional coupler can be significantly enlarged with a proper optimization of these four key elements. Different designs are presented covering the full standard rectangular waveguide band, over 40% relative bandwidth, with more than 25 dB return loss in the four ports. In addition, a compact bend with integrated transformer is introduced at the input/output interfaces.
Neuronal Circuit Remodeling in the Contralateral Cortical Hemisphere during Functional Recovery from Cerebral Infarction

Recent advances in functional imaging of human brain activity in stroke patients, e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging, have revealed that cortical hemisphere contralateral to the infarction plays an important role in the recovery process. However, underlying mechanisms occurring in contralateral hemisphere during functional recovery have not been elucidated. We experimentally induced a complete infarction of somatosensory cortex in right hemisphere of mice and examined the neuronal changes in contralateral (left) somatosensory cortex during recovery. Both basal and ipsilateral somatosensory stimuli-evoked neuronal activity in left (intact) hemisphere transiently increased 2 d after stroke, followed by an increase in the turnover rate of usually stable mushroom-type synaptic spines at 1 week, observed by using two-photon imaging in vivo. At 4 weeks after stroke, when functional recovery had occurred, a new pattern of electrical circuit activity in response to somatosensory stimuli was established in intact ipsilateral hemisphere. Thus, the left somatosensory cortex can compensate for the loss of the right somatosensory cortex by remodeling neuronal circuits and establishing new sensory processing. This finding could contribute to establish the effective clinical treatments targeted on the intact hemisphere for the recovery of impaired functions and to achieve better quality of life of patients.
Collaborative representation based face recognition using a hybrid similarity measure with single training sample per person

This paper proposes a Collaborative Representation (CR) based face recognition strategy, wherein a hybrid similarity measure has been used for the computation of the reconstruction residual. In this work Single Sample per Person (SSPP) methodology is used for creating the training dataset. The hybrid similarity measure proposed for computation of the reconstruction residual is a composite formulation of the Procrustes Similarity analysis along with the conventional Euclidean Distance metric. The proposed method is implemented for several benchmark face databases and the results obtained demonstrate the substantial improvement achieved in the recognition rates, in comparison to the known Collaborative Representation (CR) based face recognition strategy.
Increase in physical activity and cardiometabolic risk profile change during lifestyle intervention in primary healthcare: 1-year follow-up study among individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes

Objectives To investigate the association between increase in physical activity and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors during a lifestyle intervention programme in routine clinical settings. Design Prospective follow-up. Setting 400 primary healthcare centres and occupational healthcare outpatient clinics in Finland. Participants Individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes identified in the implementation project of the national diabetes prevention programme (FIN-D2D) and participating in baseline and 1-year follow-up visits. Final study group comprised the 1871 non-diabetic participants who responded at follow-up visit to a question on stability versus increase of physical activity. Interventions Lifestyle intervention. Primary outcome measures Cardiometabolic risk factors (body composition, blood pressure and those measured from fasting venous blood samples) measured at baseline and follow-up visits. Results Of the participants, 310 (16.6% of all responders) reported at follow-up having clearly increased their physical activity during the past year, while 1380 (73.8%) had been unable to increase their physical activity. Those who increased their activity decreased their weight by 3.6 kg (95% CI 2.9 to 4.3, age and sex adjusted, p<0.001) and waist circumference by 3.6 cm (95% CI 2.9 to 4.3, p<0.001) more than those who did not increase their activity. Similarly, those who increased their physical activity had greater reductions in total cholesterol (group difference in reduction 0.17 mmol/l, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.28, p=0.002), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.16 mmol/l, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.26, p=0.001), low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio (0.17, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.25, p<0.001) as well as fasting glucose (0.09 mmol/l, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.15, p=0.004) and 2 h glucose levels (0.36 mmol/l, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.55, p=0.023) than those who did not increase their physical activity. Conclusion Increasing physical activity seems to be an important feature of cardiometabolic risk reduction among individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes participating in preventive interventions in routine clinical settings.
Body-based human age estimation at a distance

Estimating human ages at a distance has many potential applications, especially for visual surveillance in such places as supermarkets and airports. In this paper, we propose a new human age estimation approach from full body images with frontal or back views. Given a body image, we extract local SIFT features from body image patches and learn sparse coefficients for body image feature representation, followed by a regressor for age prediction. Experimental results have clearly demonstrated the feasibility of using fully body images to estimate human age and the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Antecedents, Work-Related Consequences, and Buffers of Job Burnout Among Indian Software Developers

This study examines the antecedents, consequences, and buffers of job burnout among software developers using job demands resources theory. Data were collected from 372 software developers in India using questionnaires. Results reveal that software developers experiencing more role ambiguity, role conflict, schedule pressure, irregular shifts, group noncooperation, psychological contract violation, and work–family conflict are at a greater risk of job burnout. The most important antecedent of job burnout was found to be work–family conflict. Job burnout increased job performance but decreased organizational commitment and interpersonal relationships. Subjective well-being and practicing yoga and meditation were inversely related to burnout-linked job performance. Subjective well-being, social support, and practicing yoga and meditation were also found to decrease the adverse association of job burnout with organizational commitment and interpersonal relationships. In the context of work-related consequences, job burnout had the biggest adverse association with organizational commitment, and practicing yoga and meditation was found to be the most influential buffer to counter the adverse consequences of job burnout.
Counseling Higher Education Students: Counselors' Positive Experiences

Concept mapping was used to illuminate counselors' positive experiences of providing counseling/psychotherapy to students in higher education. Counseling professionals (N = 65) in 23 colleges and universities responded to the question “What are the positive aspects that motivate you to provide counseling/psychotherapy to students? ” From these responses, statements were generated and sorted, and their importance was rated. Using multidimendional scaling and a cluster analysis statistical program to analyze participant sorts, a concept map comprised of 10 thematic clusters was generated. Clusters centered on four positive aspects: the counselor, the counseling process, the client, and the work environment. Implications for promoting a supportive workplace for counseling professionals in postsecondary settings are discussed, as are suggestions for further investigation.
Reflecting on pedagogy: outcomes from a beacon school network

Abstract This article arises from an initiative set up by four Beacon Schools to enhance the professional development of teachers and hence raise pupil attainment in all schools in the local education authority. The initiative provided opportunities for teachers to work in cross-institutional interest groups, with the aim of sharing good practice and reflecting on classroom strategies that would better support pupil learning. Strategies for effective teaching approaches were discussed and translated into systematic plans for small action research studies. This article uses semi-structured interviews with the teachers participating in the action research studies to present findings on how teachers use explanatory frameworks to represent and develop their understandings of their own pedagogy and their pupils' learning. In particular, teachers' explanations of the factors that inhibit learning are examined so that common perspectives arising from individual reflection can be identified. An analysis of these common perspectives of learning provides insight into our understanding of the teacher's own reflective practice and how this impacts on their professional development.
Propiedades Psicométricas del Inventario de Orientación Temporal de Zimbardo en una Muestra Chilena

Time perception is a fundamental capacity for adapting of people. One aspect, time perspective is a functional attitude that characterize to persons with their past, present and future. With ZTPI, these dimensions are tested in many countries, and theory from authors of ZTPI is linked to different areas of Clinical and Health Psychology. The aim of this study is adapting and describing the first psychometrics properties of the inventory in a Chilean sample. The 604 participants (18-70 years old) answered voluntary the inventory. The properties of the items and the factorial analysis show that the test maintains the factorial structure. With a new position of six items, the rank of Cronbach´s Alpha is between . 59 for Past Positive and . 80 for Future. Gender and age differences are discussed. Is necessary further studies but this test shows that ZTPI has a utility metric for time perspective in Chilean population.
Formal Authorization Allocation Approaches for Permission-role assignments Using Relational Algebra Operations

In this paper, we develop formal authorization allocation algorithms for permission-role assignments. The formal approaches are based on relational structure, and relational algebra and operations. The process of permission-role assignments is an important issue in role-based access con-trol (RBAC) as it may modify the authorization level or imply high-level conﬁdential information to be derived when roles are changed and request different permissions. There are two types of problems that may arise in permission-role assignments. One is related to authorization granting process. Conﬂicting permissions may be granted to a role, and as a result, users with the role may have or derive a high level of authority. Another is related to authorization revo-cation. When a permission is revoked from a role, the role may still have the permission from other roles. To solve the problems, this paper presents an authorization granting algorithm, and weak revocation and strong revocation algorithms that are based on relational algebra operations. The algorithms can be used to check conﬂicts and therefore to help allocate permissions without compromising the security in RBAC. We describe how to use the new algorithms with an anonymity scalable payment scheme. Finally, comparisons with other related work are discussed.
Young Adult Daughters' Accounts of Relationships With Nonresidential Fathers: Relational Damage, Repair, and Maintenance

This article explores processes of relational damage, repair, and maintenance within adult daughters' accounts of their current relationships with their nonresidential fathers. Drawing on research of a sample of self-selected adult daughters who experienced parental divorce in childhood, the author explores how the processes of relational damage, repair, and maintenance contribute to and are of consequence to adult daughters' understandings of their current relationships. The author demonstrates that it is through exploring the gathered relational histories that processes of relational development are highlighted, offering a way of better understanding the consequences of divorce on the construction of parent–child relationships throughout the life course.
LeDoux's Fear Circuit and the Status of Emotion as a Non-cognitive Process

LeDoux (1996) has identified a sub-cortical neural circuit that mediates fear responses in rats. The existence of this neural circuit has been used to support the claim that emotion is a non-cognitive process. In this paper I argue that this sub-cortical circuit cannot have a role in the explanation of emotions in humans. This worry is raised by looking at the properties of this neural pathway, which does not have the capacity to respond to the types of stimuli that are generally taken to trigger emotion responses. In particular, the neurons in this pathway cannot represent the stimulus as a complete object or event, rather they represent the simple information that is encoded at the periphery. If it is assumed that an object or event in the world is what, even in simple cases, causes an emotion, then this sub-cortical pathway has limited use in a theory of emotion.
Clozapine in Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: A Report of Five Cases

An open trial of clozapine was carried out in five patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). The standard protocol for administering and monitoring of clozapine was followed. Psychopathology was measured using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and global clinical improvement was rated by a parent and two clinicians in each case. The level of improvement in positive symptoms was greater than that in negative symptoms with no effect on ritualistic behaviour. Global clinical improvement was substantial. No serious side-effects (seizures, agranulocytosis) were observed. The need to assess the differential clinical effects and establish the role of clozapine as a possible first choice antipsychotic in COS is highlighted.