Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Privacy and Security on Anonymous Routing Protocols in MANET

Routing in wireless ad hoc networks are vulnerable to traffic analysis, spoofing and denial of service attacks due to open wireless medium communications. Anonymity mechanisms in ad hoc networks are critical security measures used to mitigate these problems by concealing identification information, such as those of nodes, links, traffic flows, paths and network topology information from harmful attackers. Providing security and anonymity to users are critical in wireless ad hoc networks. This report presents a state-of-the-art review and a comparison for typical representatives of Anonymous routing protocols designed for mobile ad hoc networks. The report aims at providing criteria according to which those protocols can be compared and classified.
Development of a portable A-ABR screener using a microprocessor

Hearing loss is one of the most common birth defects among infants. Most hearing-impaired children are not diagnosed until one to three years of age, which is too late to treat for normal speech and language development. If hearing impairment is identified and treated in its early stage, a child's speech and language skills could be comparable to his or her normal-hearing peers. Auditory brain-stem response (ABR) is nowadays one of the most reliable diagnostic tools in the early detection of hearing impairment. In this study, we applied the ‘Fsp’ method to distinguish between normal and impaired hearing. We have developed a battery-operated portable automated auditory brainstem response (A-ABR) system that automatically detects hearing impairment in neonates or infants. We partially validated the accuracy of this system in twenty normal-hearing adults.
Predicting employee relations in enterprises by bi-directional link mining

By using link mining method, we can understand associations among persons in enterprises. In this paper, we propose a link mining model called a bi-directional link mining, which is capable of predicting edges that do not exist but may appear in the future in dynamic multi-dimensional networks. Firstly, we construct a dynamic multi-dimensional networks from an E-mail network and a telephone network, which makes us correctly describe a Group's staff relationship. Then we present some algorithms to build a reduction dimensional network and a dynamic network. After that, we give bi-directional link mining methods in a dynamic multi-dimensional weighted network and apply these methods in the enterprise's employee relational network. Experimental results show that these methods can effectively predict associations among persons in a large scale employee networks.
State of Simulators in Computational Grid System

The development of computational grids and the associated middleware has been actively pursued in recent years to deal with the emergence of greedy applications of large computing tasks and amounts of data. Simulation of the Grid environment is important to evaluate the impact of potential data handling and application before being deployed on the Grid, in this evolving research field. There is always an overriding concern when using simulation that the results may not reflect accurate behavior. It is therefore essential to know the strengths and weaknesses of these simulators. This paper provides a comprehensive survey and comparisons of various popular Grid Computing simulators with a view to help researchers choose the best simulator available for a particular application environment.
Cloning and expression of the phospholipase C gene from Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium bifermentans

The phospholipase C gene from Clostridium perfringens was isolated, and its sequence was determined. It was found that the structural gene codes for a protein of 399 amino acid residues. The NH2-terminal residues have the typical features of a signal peptide and are probably cleaved after secretion. Escherichia coli cells harboring the phospholipase C gene-containing plasmid expressed high levels of this protein in the periplasmic space. Phospholipase C purified from E. coli transformants was enzymatically active, hemolytic to erythrocytes, and toxic to animals when injected intravenously. The phospholipase C gene from a related organism, Clostridium bifermentans, was also isolated. The two phospholipase C genes were found to be 64% homologous in coding sequence. The C. bifermentans protein, however, was 50-fold less active enzymatically than the C. perfringens enzyme.
Approximate SER of H-S/MRC in correlated Nakagami fading

An accurate approximation to the average symbol error rate of hybrid selection/maximal-ratio combining (H-S/MRC) in correlated Nakagami-m fading with positive integer values of m, is obtained by using a Green's matrix approximation. This approach is valid for different M-ary linear modulation schemes. We illustrate our methodology using M-ary phase-shift keying (MPSK) as an example
Investigating foetal heart rate asymmetry

In this study, we have investigated how the asymmetry of beat-to-beat foetal heart rate variability (fHRV) changes during development after 35 weeks and before 32 weeks of gestation. Noninvasive foetal electrocardiogram (fECG) signals from 78 pregnant women at the gestational age from 16 to 41 weeks with normal single pregnancies were analysed. Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) index that measures time asymmetry of RR interval time-series signal was used to understand the dynamics of fHRV. Results indicate that foetal HRA measured by Guzik's Index (GI) and Porta's Index (PI) changes after 35 weeks gestation compared to foetus before 32 weeks of gestation. It might be due to significant amount of maturation of the autonomic nervous system done after 35 and could potentially help identify the pathological autonomic nervous system development.
Dual Palmitoylation of Psd-95 Mediates Its Vesiculotubular Sorting, Postsynaptic Targeting, and Ion Channel Clustering

Postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95/SAP-90) is a palmitoylated peripheral membrane protein that scaffolds ion channels at excitatory synapses. To elucidate mechanisms for postsynaptic ion channel clustering, we analyzed the cellular trafficking of PSD-95. We find that PSD-95 transiently associates with a perinuclear membranous compartment and traffics with vesiculotubular structures, which migrate in a microtubule-dependent manner. Trafficking of PSD-95 with these vesiculotubular structures requires dual palmitoylation, which is specified by five consecutive hydrophobic residues at the NH2 terminus. Mutations that disrupt dual palmitoylation of PSD-95 block both ion channel clustering by PSD-95 and its synaptic targeting. Replacing the palmitoylated NH2 terminus of PSD-95 with alternative palmitoylation motifs at either the NH2 or COOH termini restores ion channel clustering also induces postsynaptic targeting, respectively. In brain, we find that PSD-95 occurs not only at PSDs but also in association with intracellular smooth tubular structures in dendrites and spines. These data imply that PSD-95 is an itinerant vesicular protein; initial targeting of PSD-95 to an intracellular membrane compartment may participate in postsynaptic ion channel clustering by PSD-95.
Shift of the Center of Gravity for the Ecumenical Movement? WCC Busan Assembly and the Korean Churches

International Bulletin of Missionary Research, Vol. 38, No. 2 Jooseop Keum, from the Republic of Korea, is Director of the Commission on World Mission and Evangelism (CWME) and Editor of the International Review of Mission, World Council of Churches, Geneva, Switzerland. —jooseop.keum@wcc-coe.org T Tenth Assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC), held from October 30 to November 8, 2013, in Busan, Republic of Korea, addressed the theme “God of Life, Lead Us to Justice and Peace. ” With 2,663 international participants from 141 countries, representing 345 WCC member churches and other partners, and with more than 9,000 Korean church members and day visitors, the assembly was the largest gathering in the history of the WCC. The assembly began with an opening service of common prayer honoring diverse Christian traditions from around the world. The daily program of the assembly included times of prayer, Bible studies, thematic plenaries, ecumenical conversations, Madang (workshops), and business sessions, including elections. During the weekend participants visited local churches, stayed with Korean Christian families, and worshiped together. The experience offered exposure to Korean culture, spirituality, and life, and most particularly to the reality of the division between the two Koreas. In 2009, when Busan was selected as the venue for the Tenth Assembly, some among the Western churches doubted whether the Korean churches would be able to host it successfully because of geopolitical instability and division between the churches. In contrast to previous assemblies, the WCC this time needed to rely heavily on the financial contributions and logistic support of the churches of the host country. Furthermore, it was a highly important moment in which the WCC had an opportunity for revitalizing the ecumenical movement with a fresh vision and inspiration emerging from the churches in the Global South. The Korean churches were being entrusted with the great responsibility of representing the phenomenon of the shift of the center of gravity of world Christianity. Although it is too early to fully evaluate the Busan Assembly, many participants said that in many ways it was a highly successful gathering. After experiencing Korean hospitality, the dynamism of the Korean churches, and the quality of their witness, they forgot their hesitation regarding the capability of the Korean churches to host such an event. Olav Fykse Tveit, WCC general secretary, praised the Busan Assembly as “the best assembly ever” in terms of local preparation and contributions.1 For the Korean churches, too, it was a remarkable experience. Seong Won Park, professor at Youngnam Theological College and Seminary in South Korea and a WCC Central Committee Shift of the Center of Gravity for the Ecumenical Movement? WCC Busan Assembly and the Korean Churches
Computationally-efficient bit-and-power allocation for multicarrier transmission

A new simple, yet effective two-step bit-and-power-loading algorithm is described for multicarrier transmission. The coarse bit and power allocation to the subcarriers is done at the first step by the means of the direct mapping of the transmit power or bits with regard to the channel gains. Three ways of the final power and bit assignment are proposed at the second step. The algorithm reaches the same spectral and power efficiency as the commonly used Hughes-Hartogs or Campello methods, while noticeably reducing the number of required operations.
Collaborative Expert Portfolio Management

We consider the task of assigning experts from a portfolio of specialists in order to solve a set of tasks. We apply a Bayesian model which combines collaborative filtering with a feature-based description of tasks and experts to yield a general framework for managing a portfolio of experts. The model learns an embedding of tasks and problems into a latent space in which affinity is measured by the inner product. The model can be trained incrementally and can track non-stationary data, tracking potentially changing expert and task characteristics. The approach allows us to use a principled decision theoretic framework for expert selection, allowing the user to choose a utility function that best suits their objectives. The model component for taking into account the performance feedback data is pluggable, allowing flexibility. We apply the model to manage a portfolio of algorithms to solve hard combinatorial problems. This is a well studied area and we demonstrate a large improvement on the state of the art in one domain (constraint solving) and in a second domain (combinatorial auctions) created a portfolio that performed significantly better than any single algorithm.
Efficacy of continuous, daily, oral, ultra-low-dose 200 mg acyclovir to prevent herpes zoster events among bortezomib-treated patients: a report from retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE Herpes zoster is the most common infection in patients treated with bortezomib-containing regimens for multiple myeloma. Some clinical trials have reported on the use of acyclovir prophylaxis to decrease the incidence of herpes zoster. However, the appropriate acyclovir dose and duration of prophylaxis remain unclear. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of continuous oral 200 mg/day acyclovir prophylaxis and the secondary objective was to determine the risk factors for developing herpes zoster. METHODS We collected medical information from consecutive patients who received bortezomib with or without acyclovir prophylaxis for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma at our hospital and retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of acyclovir prophylaxis and the parameters for predicting the risk factors for developing herpes zoster. The definition of acyclovir prophylaxis was oral continuous administration of 200 mg of once daily, without cessation, during the entire period of bortezomib treatment. RESULTS Six of the 33 patients in the study developed herpes zoster during bortezomib treatment. No varicella-zoster virus reactivation was observed in the 19 patients in the acyclovir prophylaxis group. The incidence of herpes zoster was significantly higher in the group that did not receive acyclovir prophylaxis (43%, 6 of 14 patients) than in the group that did (0%, 0 of 19; P = 0.003). The predictive factors for varicella-zoster virus reactivation were male sex (P = 0.035) and the use of acyclovir (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Continuous prophylaxis by oral 200 mg/day acyclovir in multiple myeloma patients receiving bortezomib treatment is effective and sufficient in preventing herpes zoster.
Conditional Use of a Request for Assistance: Considering Generalization

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit generalization errors, but many instructional programs fail to address this deficit. Generalization errors encompass when the learner should extend the use of a newly taught behavior to other contexts but does not (under-generalization), as well as when he or she should not use the newly established behavior in new contexts but does (over-generalization). This study was designed to evaluate the generalization errors of a preschooler with ASD. Following an intervention in which the participant was taught to request assistance with difficult tasks using a continuous reinforcement schedule, generalization gradients across levels of task difficulty were implemented to examine patterns of generalization. Initial results showed over-generalization of assistance requests and corresponding reductions in independent (the absence of any instructional prompts) task completion across all levels of task difficulty. A final phase involving competing schedules of reinforcement for assistance requests and independent work with video modeling led to improved conditional use of assistance requests. Implications for teaching conditional use of assistance requests are discussed.
Cgroup++: Enhancing I/O Resource Management of Linux Cgroup on NUMA Systems with NVMe SSDs

For container-based virtualization such as Linux container (LXC), efficient and proportional resource sharing is an important design requirement. However, existing container resource management techniques do not adequately meet this requirement on modern server machines, especially NUMA machines with NVMe SSDs. In this paper, we propose an efficient proportional-share Linux Cgroup, called Cgroup++, for container-based virtualization. Unlike Cgroup, Cgroup++ takes into account of the storage asymmetry of modern NUMA machines in managing storage I/O requests. By exploiting the storage asymmetry in scheduling CPU cores for a given Cgroup instance, Cgroup++ improves the I/O performance of the Cgroup instance. Cgroup++ also supports proportional I/O sharing among multiple Cgroup instances using a weight-based throttling scheme in the I/O throttling layer for the NVMe SSDs.
Outlier detection with two-stage area-descent method for linear regression

Outlier detection is an important task in many applications; it can lead to the discovery of unexpected, useful or interesting objects in data analysis. Many outlier detection methods are available. However, they are limited by assumptions in distribution or rely on many patterns to detect one outlier. Often, a distribution is not known, or experimental results may not provide enough information about a set of data to be able to determine a certain distribution. Previous work in outlier detection based on area-descent focused on detecting outliers which are solely isolated; it can not detect the outliers clustered together. In this paper, we propose a new approach for outlier detection based on two-stage area-descent of convex-hull polygon. It not only detects outliers clustered together but also shows their location related to the data set. Instead of removing the outlier, this relative location provides a suitable direction for moving the outlier to reduce its effects to linear regression. In addition, this method does not depend on the distribution of data set.
Myosin‐Like Protein (MR 175,000) In Gregarina Blaberae

ABSTRACT. A myosin‐like protein (Mr 175,000) was detected in the parasitic protozoan Gregarina blaberae, by both immunofluorescence and immunoblotting of one‐ and two‐dimensional electrophoresis gels using anti‐myosin antibodies. This protein was present in the trophozoite ghost but not in the cytoplasmic extract, nor in extract from the sexual stage, suggesting a protein‐stage‐dependent expression. the protein tightly bound to the cortical membranes was insoluble at low ionic strength, or in detergent solutions, but could be extracted from Gregarina ghosts by 6 M urea in high ionic strength solution (0.5 M NaCI) and in the presence of reducing agents (20 mM DTT). the protein was localized by indirect immunofluorescence in the cortex of the epimerite, in the fibrillar disc (the socalled septum) separating the proto‐ and the deutomerite segments, in the contractile ring or sphincter at the top of the protomerite, and as longitudinal lines underlying the G. blaberae epicyte folds. the presence of both actin‐like and myosin‐like proteins would be consistent with a role in gliding and other cell motility processes of this parasite.
Association between plasma homocysteine and myocardial SPECT abnormalities in patients referred for suspected myocardial ischaemia

Background Elevated plasma homocysteine level has emerged as a relatively newly recognised risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, reduction of plasma homocysteine levels in large prospective studies did not appear to reduce the risk for subsequent cardiac events. In this study, we investigated the association between plasma homocysteine levels and quantitative indices of myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging in patients referred for myocardial ischaemia. Methods Quantitative myocardial perfusion SPECT indices were obtained for 120 patients who were recruited for the study. All patients underwent a two-day rest–stress myocardial perfusion imaging. Plasma venous sampling was done on all patients after an overnight fast. Of the 120 participants (mean age 56 years, 53% males), 33% had elevated plasma homocysteine levels. The plasma homocysteine level was then compared to the results of imaging and other known risk factors. Results After adjustment for traditional risk factors of coronary artery disease, patients with elevated homocysteine levels had a significantly higher mean summed stress score (SSS) (11.3 vs 6.9, p = 0.02) than patients with a normal homocysteine level. This was true for both single- and multivessel disease. Also, patients with elevated homocysteine levels had a higher stress end-systolic volume (SESV) (137 vs 105 ml, p = 0.03) and lower post-stress left ventricular ejection fraction (SEF) (54 vs 64%, p = 0.02). The patients with elevated plasma homocysteine levels also had a significantly lower mean body mass index (BMI) (26.6 vs 30.6 kg/m2, p = 0.002). There was a significant relationship between the total number of known risk factors in a patient with CAD and the proportion of patients presenting with elevated plasma homocysteine levels (p = 0.03). Also, the extent of infarct, as measured by the summed rest score (SRS), was more closely correlated with an elevated homocysteine level than with the degree of ischaemia. Conclusion There was a correlation between plasma homocysteine level and the presence and extent of myocardial perfusion abnormalities in patients with established coronary artery disease, in particular those with multiple risk factors and multi-vessel infarction.
The Evolutionary Ecology of Model Microbial Communities

A long history of experimental work has shown that addition of bacteriophages to a monoculture of bacteria leads to an only temporary depression of bacterial levels. Resistant bacteria usually ascend to abundance, even if they have reduced growth rates relative to phage-sensitive bacteria. This rise in bacterial counts occurs even if the phages evolve to overcome bacterial resistance. We consider that the generality of this result may be limited to monocultures, in which the resistant bacteria do not face competition from bacterial species unaffected by the phage. As a simple case, we investigated the impact of phages attacking one species in a two-species community of bacteria. In the absence of phages, Escherichia coli B and Salmonella typhimurium were stably maintained during daily serial passage in glucose minimal media (M9). When either of two E. coli-specific phages (T7 or T5) was added to the mixed culture, E. coli went extinct or was maintained at densities orders of magnitude lower than before phage introduction. This depression in numbers occurred even though E. coli with phage achieved high levels in monoculture controls. In contrast, the addition of a phage that attacked only Salmonella (SP6) led to only transient decreases in bacterial frequency. These results suggest that phages can sometimes, though not always, provide long-term suppression of target bacteria.
A Recursive TF-ISF Based Sentence Retrieval Method with Local Context

Sentence retrieval consists of retrieving relevant sentences from a document base in response to a query. Question answering, novelty detection, summarization, opinion mining and information provenance make use of sentence retrieval. Most of the sentence retrieval methods are trivial adaptations of document retrieval methods. However some newer sentence retrieval methods based on the language modeling framework successfully use some kind of context of sentences. Unlike that there is no successful improvement of the TF-ISF method that takes into account the context of sentences. In this paper we propose a recursive TF-ISF based method that takes into account the local context of a sentence. The context is considered the previous and next sentence of current sentence. We compared the new method to the TF-ISF baseline and to an earlier unsuccessful method that also incorporates a similar context into TF-ISF. We got statistically significant improvements of the results in comparison to both of the methods. Additional benefit of our method is the clear explicit model of the context that will allow us to automatically generate a document representation with context suitable for sentence retrieval which is important for our future work.