Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES FROM RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE WATERMELON CULTIVARS SHOWED DIFFERENT RESPONSE TO FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F . SP . NIVEUM INOCULATION

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), a soil-borne pathogen of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), can cause substantial production losses worldwide. In this study, plate culture and PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) methods were used to evaluate the effects of inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum on rhizosphere microbial communities of different watermelon cultivars to FON. Two methods indicated that the effects of watermelon rhizosphere microbial community of different resistance cultivars to FON were much different. Populations of culturable bacteria and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere of susceptible watermelon cultivar were significantly lower than in the resistant cultivar after inoculation (P<0.05), but the opposite result was observed for fungi. Principal component analysis of bacterial and fungal community structure also showed that the cultivar of FON-inoculated soil treatment were separated from the non-inoculated controls after inoculation, and there was clear discrimination between the susceptible cultivars and the resistant cultivars. Sequence analysis of specific bands from DGGE profiles showed that specific rhizosphere bacterial and fungal groups differed between watermelon cultivars after inoculation . Both methods demonstrated that different resistant watermelon cultivars occupied different rhizosphere microbial communities, and and disease suppression might be correlated with high microbial diversity. F. oxysporum f. sp. Niveum alters the structure and functional diversity of microbial communities associated with watermelon rhizosphere.
Boys' behavioral inhibition and the risk of later delinquency.

BACKGROUND In some studies, shyness and anxiety have protected at-risk boys from developing delinquency. In others, shyness and withdrawal have increased risk. We argue that this is because behavioral inhibition, which is the protective factor, has been confounded with social withdrawal and other constructs. Our study addresses 3 major questions: (1) is behavioral inhibition, as distinguished from social withdrawal, a protective factor in the development of delinquency; (2) does the protective effect depend on whether disruptiveness is also present; and (3) does inhibition increase the risk of later depressive symptoms even if it protects against delinquency? METHODS The subjects were boys from low socioeconomic status areas of Montreal, Quebec. Age 10- to 12-year predictors were peer-rated inhibition, withdrawal, and disruptiveness; age 13- to 15-year outcomes were self-rated depressive symptoms and delinquency. Eight age 10- to 12-year behavioral profiles were compared with 4 age 13- to 15-year outcome profiles. RESULTS Inhibition seemed to protect disruptive and nondisruptive boys against delinquency. Disruptive boys who were noninhibited were more likely than chance to become delinquent; disruptive boys who were inhibited were not. Inhibition did not increase the risk for depression among disruptive boys. Among nondisruptive boys, only nondisruptive-inhibited boys were significantly less likely than chance to become delinquent. However, withdrawal was not protective. Disruptive-withdrawn boys were at the greatest risk for delinquency or delinquency with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Inhibition and social withdrawal, although behaviorally similar, present different risks for later outcomes and, therefore, should be differentiated conceptually and empirically.
The mathematics-children's literature connection

The interdisciplinary connection in learning mathematics is explored, and emphasis is given on the mathematics-children's literature connection. Children's books enhance the learning of mathematical concepts, and they give children the opportunity to talk about mathematics. Children's books that are appropriate for supplementing mathematics instruction come in four categories, namely, counting books, number books, story books and concept books. Access from your library This is a preview. Get the full text through your school or public library. Source Citation Source Citation Gailey, Stavroula K. "The mathematics-children's literature connection. " Arithmetic Teacher, vol. 40, no. 5, 1993, p. 258+. Accessed 14 Nov. 2020. Gale Document Number: GALE|A14152225
Implementation of Power Efficient Parallel Chien Search Architecture Using a Two-Step Approach in RS codes

The short horizontal Bose caudari Hocquenghem (BCH) Chien search for signs of a new power-saving (CS) structure is proposed. For syndrome-based decoding, CS plays an important role in identifying the areas of error, but incurs a huge waste of exhaustive computation power consumption. The proposed architecture, the process of searching for the binary representation of the matrix is decomposed in two steps. Apart from access to each order is the first step, the second step is the first step in the remarkable power saving, the result will be activated only when it is successful. Furthermore, an effective construction is presented in a two stage process to avoid an increase in the delay of the critical path. Experimental results of the proposed two-step structure for the BCH (8752, 8192, 40) code that saves 50% power consumption compared to a conventional building of the show
Evidence for morphological and genetic diversification of Túngara Frog populations on islands

—Despite the ongoing debate about the mechanisms involved in speciation processes, evolutionary biologists agree that isolation is a key factor in promoting the evolution of different species. Islands provide natural models for the study of isolated populations. Populations on islands are usually small and may also be subject to intense directional selection or genetic drift. In this study we investigated island populations of the Túngara Frog, Physalaemus (Engystomops) pustulosus, and documented their level of morphological, genetic, and behavioral divergence. We also compared our results to a mainland population. We found that larger islands and/or islands characterized by more human traffic with the mainland were more likely to harbor populations of Túngara Frogs than smaller islands. All island populations differed significantly from the mainland population and from each other at the genetic and, to a slightly lesser degree, morphological levels. Male mating calls had also diverged but did not show a clear pattern. We conclude that isolated populations of Túngara Frogs diverge very rapidly. They might therefore provide useful models for the investigation of evolution in small populations and potentially of speciation processes.
Geometric properties of human ribs as predictors of structural properties

Classification of structural properties of human bones is essential for understanding differential response to loading and fracture risk. Ribs, in particular, are frequently fractured during motor vehicle crashes and are linked to high mortality rates, especially in elderly individuals. While many studies describe variation of bone properties with respect to age and sex differences, these parameters explain only a small amount of variability in rib properties. The focus of this study was to investigate the ability of geometry to predict the response of ribs to dynamic loading. A total of 122 complete mid-level ribs from 76 fresh post-mortem human subjects (15-99 years of age, 20 females, 56 males) were excised and their span length (Sp.Le) and curve length (Cv.Le) were measured from head to costochondral junction. The ribs were tested in a custom-built pendulum fixture simulating a dynamic frontal impact to the thorax. Peak force (FPEAK) was defined as the maximum force in the primary loading direction prior to failure. Linear structural stiffness (K) was calculated as the slope of 20-80% of the elastic portion of the force-displacement curve. Sections were removed from mid-shaft of the rib and thin-sections were prepared. Cross-sectional microscopic images were obtained at 40x magnification with an Olympus VS120 slide scanner. Measurements were manually made in cellSens Dimension® imaging software (Olympus Corporation) to obtain total subperiosteal area (Tt.Ar) and cortical area (Ct.Ar). Section modulus was calculated for the pleural and cutaneous cortices independently (ZPLE and ZCUT, respectively) in ImageJ software using a customized macro. Tt.Ar, Ct.Ar, and Z all have positive relationships with FPEAK and K. When considering only cross-sectional geometric values, F was best predicted by Ct.Ar (p-R=0.673) and ZPLE (p-R =0.668) and K was best predicted by Tt.Ar (p-R= 0.437) and ZPLE (p-R =0.494). Robusticity, an index used to establish the relationship between longitudinal growth and transverse expansion, allows for the combination of gross and cross-sectional geometric parameters. This index was calculated in four ways: Tt.Ar/Sp.Le, Tt.Ar/Cv.Le, Ct.Ar/Sp.Le, and Ct.Ar/Cv.Le, and these variations were individually evaluated in terms of their ability to predict FPEAK and K. Preliminary findings indicate that FPEAK is best predicted by Ct.Ar/Sp.Le (p-R=0.709), but K is best predicted by Tt.Ar/Cv.Le (p-R=0.784). Identifying accurate predictors of structural properties of ribs may improve the ability to assess fracture risk. Additionally, detailed cross-sectional properties can contribute to improved physical and computational models, injury criteria, and clinical assessments of bone fragility.
Modelling of Dynamic Computer Experiments with Both Qualitative and Quantitative Variables

Computer experiments are utilized as a popular tool of studying the relationship between responses and the factors that affect them. They are widely used in scientific researches and applications. Dynamic computer experiments refer to computer experiments with time-series responses. Different dynamic computer models have been proposed to emulate the relationship between the time-series responses and the corresponding quantitative factors. Qualitative factors are also widely used and show important effects in many scientific problems. Different models have been proposed for one-dimensional outputs and both quantitative and qualitative factors. In this thesis, we have reviewed some popular dynamic computer models with only quantitative factors. We make empirical comparisons of the prediction accuracy of three existing dynamic computer models with only quantitative factors. Among the three models, the dynamic linear Gaussian process model and the singular value decomposition based Gaussian process model outperform. Based on these two models, we incorporate the qualitative factors utilizing the additive correlation structure and propose two new modelling methods for dynamic computer experiments with both quantitative and qualitative factors. We also explored the different choices of the prior distributions for the unknown parameters in these two models. The prediction accuracy of the two proposed modelling approaches is tested by a limited simulation i
Estimating the cumulative downtime distribution of a highly reliable component

The distribution of the cumulative downtime for a highly reliable component over an interval of time is approximated using a compound Bernoulli process. Given a set of observed cumulative downtimes, the maximum likelihood (ML) and uniformly minimum variance unbiased (UMVU) estimator of the approximate cumulative downtime distribution are derived under the assumption of exponential repair times and are compared to the nonparametric estimator. The ML estimator is more efficient than the UMVU estimator which itself is more efficient than the nonparametric estimator.
PLANT CRUDE EXTRACTS AND YEAST AS ALTERNATIVE TO SYNTHETIC FUNGICIDE FOR CONTROLLING POSTHARVEST GREEN MOULD ON CITRUS FRUIT

SUKORINI HENIK, SANGCHOTE SOMSIRI, KHEWKHOM NETNAPIS: Plant crude extracts and yeast as alternative to synthetic fungicide for controlling postharvest green mould on citrus fruit. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 3, pp. 795–801 The objectives of this research was to evaluate the eff ectiveness of the combination of plant crude extracts and yeasts as an alternative to replace the synthetic fungicide to control green mould rot caused by Penicillium digitatum on citrus fruit. This pathogen caused 90% of citrus losses during the storage. Control of this pathogen mainly with chemicals, but concerned with environmental contamination, human health, and pathogen resistance, chemical treatment is frequently decreased. Eugenia caryophylata crude extracts and Candica utilis showed to be the best combination to attain a reduction in green mould incidence by 90.3% and disease severity by 96.26%. Furthermore, the combination of E. caryophylata crude extracts and C. utilis had a more potent antifungal activity than imazalil. The eff ectiveness of the combination of plant crude extractss and yeasts can be an alternative treatment to replace the synthetic fungicide to control P.digitatum on citrus fruit, but the application in the packaging line needs further investigation. citrus fruit, green mould, plant crude extracts, yeast, Penicillium digitatum
Characterization of Aspergillus niger Mutants Deficient of a Protease

Abstract Aspergillus niger has been used as a host to express many heterologous proteins. It has been known that the presence of an abundant protease is a limiting factor to express a heterologous protein. The protease deficient mutant of A. niger was obtained using UV-irradiation. A total of 1*105 spores were irradiated with 10~20% survival dose of UV, 600 J/m2 at 280 nm, and the resulting spores were screened on the casein-gelatin plates. Ten putative protease deficient mutants showing the reduced halo area around colonies were further analyzed to differentiate the protease deficient mutant from other mutant types. Among ten putative mutants, seven mutants showed significant growth defect on nutrient rich medium and two mutants appeared to be the secretory mutants, which resulted in the impaired secretion of extracellular proteins including proteases. A mutant pro--20 showed reduced halo zone without any notable changes in growth rate. In addition, the starchdegrading and glucose oxidase activities in the culture filtrate of pro--20 mutant showed the similar range as that of the parental strain, which suggested that the pro--20 mutant ought to be the protease deficient mutant rather than a secretory mutant. The reduced proteolytic activity of the pro--20 was demonstrated using SDS-fibrin zymography gel. The reduced extracellular proteolysis was quantified by casein degradation assay and, comparing with the parental strain, less than 30% residual extracellular protease activity was detected in the culture filtrate of the pro--20 mutant. The bio-activity of an exogenously supplemented hGM-CSF (human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor) in the culture filtrate of pro-20 mutant was detected until eight times more diluted preparations than that of the parental strain.
Combined metabolic gas analyser and dGPS analysis of performance in cross-country skiing

The purpose of this study was to provide a more detailed analysis of performance in cross-country skiing by combining findings from a differential global positioning system (dGPS), metabolic gas measurements, speed in different sections of a ski-course and treadmill threshold data. Ten male skiers participated in a freestyle skiing field test (5.6 km), which was performed with dGPS and metabolic gas measurements. A treadmill running threshold test was also performed and the following parameters were derived: anaerobic threshold, threshold of decompensated metabolic acidosis, respiratory exchange ratio = 1, onset of blood lactate accumulation and peak oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2peak). The combined dGPS and metabolic gas measurements made detailed analysis of performance possible. The strongest correlations between the treadmill data and final skiing field test time were for [Vdot]O2peak (l · min−1), respiratory exchange ratio = 1 (l · min−1) and onset of blood lactate accumulation (l · min−1) (r = −0.644 to − 0.750). However, all treadmill test data displayed stronger associations with speed in different stretches of the course than with final time, which stresses the value of a detailed analysis of performance in cross-country skiing. Mean oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2) in a particular stretch in relation to speed in the same stretch displayed its strongest correlation coefficients in most stretches when [Vdot]O2 was presented in units litres per minute, rather than when [Vdot]O2 was normalized to body mass (ml · kg−1 · min−1 and ml · min−1 · kg−2/3). This suggests that heavy cross-country skiers have an advantage over their lighter counterparts. In one steep uphill stretch, however, [Vdot]O2 (ml · min−1 · kg−2/3) displayed the strongest association with speed, suggesting that in steep uphill sections light skiers could have an advantage over heavier skiers.
Risk Prediction in Medicine and Surgery: Ethical and Practical Considerations

Risk prediction is a subject of increasing clinical interest, and publications in this area are likely to have an important influence on patient care in the near future. A multiplicity of risk prediction systems, many of them computer-based, will raise a number of ethical and practical questions. These questions need to be addressed by the originators of systems, the editors of journals, practising clinicians, and the lay public.
Radiation‐induced gene expression profile of human cells deficient in 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanine glycosylase

The human OGG1 gene encodes a DNA glycosylase that is involved in the base excision repair of 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanine (8‐OH‐dG) from oxidatively damaged DNA. Cellular 8‐OH‐dG levels accumulate in the absence of this activity and could be deleterious for the cell. To assess the role of 8‐oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) in the cellular defense mechanism in a specific DNA repair defect background, we set out to determine the expression pattern of base excision repair genes and other cellular genes not involved in the base excision pathway in OGG1‐deficient human KG‐1 cells after ionizing radiation exposure. KG‐1 cells have lost OGG1 activity due to a homozygous mutation of Arg229Gln. Gene expression alterations were monitored at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hr in 2 Gy irradiated cells. Large‐scale gene expression profiling was assessed with DNA microarray technology. Gene expression analysis identified a number of ionizing radiation‐responsive genes, including several novel genes. There were 2 peaks of radiation‐induced gene induction or repression: one at 8 hr and the other at 24 hr. Overall the number of downregulated genes was higher than the number of upregulated genes. The highest number of downregulated genes was at 8 hr postirradiation. Genes corresponding to cellular, physiologic, developmental and extracellular processes were identified. The highest number of radiation‐induced genes belonged to the signal transduction category, followed by genes involved in transcription and response to stress. Microarray gene expression data were independently validated by relative quantitative RT‐PCR. Surprisingly, none of the genes involved in the base excision repair of radiation‐induced DNA damage showed altered expression. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compression of chirp pulses from a picosecond fiber based amplifier

We demonstrate the pulse compression of the picosecond laser system with an all fiber master oscillator power amplifier configuration containing a chirped volume Bragg grating (CVBG) at 1064 nm. We use a passive mode-locked Yb doped fiber laser with a 10 ps pulse width at a 45 MHz repetition rate for the master oscillator. Optical pulses from the oscillator are amplified by a single stage fiber amplifier. Then the spectra of amplified pulses are chirped, and the spectral widths spread due to self phase modulation (SPM) in the fiber amplifier. The chirped pulses are compressed by CVBG. In this system, we achieve the pulse width of 2.89 ps, and average output power of 1.3 W.
Similarity of Membership Functions - A Shaped based Approach

In this paper, we propose a method to group similar membership functions, each of them representing the opinion of an expert, to obtain a resulting membership function that represents alike opinions among a group. The similarity is based on the shape characteristics of membership functions used to represent the expert opinions on a specific criterion. There are several applications for the proposed method which include group decision making, suitability analysis and consensual processes. In each of these applications diverse points of view are present. The goals of the method are to detect similar membership functions, to establish a manner that allows the selection of representative opinions and to obtain a result membership function that represents a specific trend or a suitable concept for a group of similar membership functions. Our approach is based on soft computing techniques, considering expert preferences as a matter of degree, including a novel method to process similar opinions with more ease.
Accumulation of defective viral genomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomes present in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of infected persons or in lymphocytes infected in vitro were studied by long-distance PCR (LD-PCR) using primers localized in the HIV-1 long terminal repeats. The full-length 9-kb DNA was the only LD-PCR product obtained in peripheral and cord blood lymphocytes from seronegative donors infected in vitro. However, a high proportion (27% to 66%) of distinct populations of extensively deleted HIV-1 genomes of variable size was detected in PBMCs of 15 of 16 HIV-1-infected persons. Physical mapping of defective genomes showed that the frequency of deletions is proportional to their proximity to the central part of HIV-1 genome, which is consistent with a deletion mechanism involving a single polymerase jump during reverse transcription. Sequencing of deletion junctions revealed the presence of short direct repeats of three or four nucleotides. The number of defective HIV-1 genomes decreased after in vitro activation of PBMCs. Persistence of full-length and deleted genomes in in vitro activated PBMCs correlated with isolation of an infectious virus. Our results represent the first quantitative assessment of intragenomic rearrangements in HIV-1 genomes in PBMCs of infected persons and demonstrate that, in contrast to in vitro infection, defective genomes accumulate in PBMCs of infected persons.