Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Risk and Common Stock Return in CML and CAPM

The present research aims to an overview of risk return in stock market. CML, CAPM & other model are the most common models analysis the relationship between Risk & Return. The population of the study was 40 common stock; from USA, UK, Egypt & Saudi Arabia; During the period from January 1990 to September 2013. Finally, the study found that total risk explains (50.6%) of common stock return at the 1% level of significance, but this explanation cannot found for return from systematic risk that measured Estimate beta coefficient according to (CAPM), so the study has accept (CML), rejection (CAPM), The study found need to develop (CAPM) by new methodology; It will Change the basis of Estimate beta coefficient; we suggest by relying on economic growth as the basis for estimating beta coefficient rather than market indices.
Vitamin D supplementation, the metabolic syndrome and oxidative stress in obese children

Abstract Background: Previous studies suggest that vitamin D may play a role in cardiovascular and metabolic health. Oxidative stress has also been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. Evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the occurrence of oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine whether treatment and correction of vitamin D deficiency in obese children led to changes in their metabolic profile, independent of changes in adiposity. In addition, we aimed to determine whether vitamin D deficiency and oxidative stress are causally related in obese children. Methods: In the retrospective arm, chart review identified 32 obese children who experienced normalization of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency with vitamin D supplementation. We then correlated laboratory and anthropometric data with vitamin D levels. In the prospective arm of the study, urinary 8-isoprostane and hydrogen peroxide were measured before and after correction of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and correlated to vitamin D levels in seven patients. Results: In our predominantly Hispanic population of obese children in an urban setting, we demonstrated a cause-effect relationship between vitamin D deficiency and oxidative stress. In contrast, we found no association between vitamin D status, adiposity, and markers of insulin sensitivity, nor any effect of vitamin D treatment on the same parameters. Conclusions: These discordant findings suggest a differential effect of vitamin D on cardiovascular risk factors such as oxidative stress and insulin resistance. To confirm these findings, further prospective studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are warranted.
Nonrecurring Items in Debt Contracts

Using a large sample of debt contracts, we study the determinants of whether the definition of EBITDA used to calculate covenant compliance excludes or includes the effects of non-recurring items across firms, across items, and through time. We find that non-recurring items are more likely to be excluded when borrowers have recorded higher Absolute Value of non-recurring items in the period prior to contract initiation and when there are higher degrees of adverse selection and moral hazard problems between the lenders and borrowers. We also find that conservative income adjustments, such as the exclusion of non-recurring losses, are less likely to appear in contracts of more conservative borrowers. When examining the exclusion across different categories of non-recurring items, we find that the probability of exclusion decreases in the usefulness of non-recurring items in predicting borrowers’ future performance. Finally, we provide evidence that the implementation of new accounting standards influences the treatment of individual non-recurring items in debt contracts. Specifically, consistent with the argument that goodwill impairments become more unverifiable after the adoption of FAS 142, we find that the probability of excluding goodwill impairments from covenant calculations increases significantly after the adoption of FAS 142. Also, the exclusion of non-recurring items from early extinguishment of debt (restructuring) decreases (increases) after the adoption of FAS 145 (146).
Functional Characterization of Alanine Racemase fromSchizosaccharomyces pombe: a Eucaryotic Counterpart to Bacterial Alanine Racemase

ABSTRACT Schizosaccharomyces pombe has an open reading frame, which we named alr1+, encoding a putative protein similar to bacterial alanine racemase. We cloned thealr1+ gene in Escherichia coli and purified the gene product (Alr1p), with an Mrof 41,590, to homogeneity. Alr1p contains pyridoxal 5′-phosphate as a coenzyme and catalyzes the racemization of alanine with apparentKm and Vmax values as follows: for l-alanine, 5.0 mM and 670 μmol/min/mg, respectively, and for d-alanine, 2.4 mM and 350 μmol/min/mg, respectively. The enzyme is almost specific to alanine, but l-serine and l-2-aminobutyrate are racemized slowly at rates 3.7 and 0.37% of that ofl-alanine, respectively. S. pombe usesd-alanine as a sole nitrogen source, but deletion of thealr1+ gene resulted in retarded growth on the same medium. This indicates that S. pombe has catabolic pathways for both enantiomers of alanine and that the pathway forl-alanine coupled with racemization plays a major role in the catabolism of d-alanine. Saccharomyces cerevisiae differs markedly from S. pombe: S. cerevisiae uses l-alanine but notd-alanine as a sole nitrogen source. Moreover,d-alanine is toxic to S. cerevisiae. However, heterologous expression of the alr1+ gene enabled S. cerevisiae to grow efficiently ond-alanine as a sole nitrogen source. The recombinant yeast was relieved from the toxicity of d-alanine.
Toward the development of an integrated model of technology internalization within the supply chain context

Purpose – Integrating information technologies in supply chains is becoming increasingly more important and challenging. The purpose is to develop a framework for understanding antecedents to internalizing technologies in supply chains.Design/methodology/approach – A literature review covering over 30 years of interdisciplinary research was used as the theoretical underpinning for developing the supply chain internalization model (SCIM). A series of 93 personal interviews with members of a major automotive supply chain were conducted, and detailed qualitative data collected, to identify a set of significant antecedents to technology internalization.Findings – The results of the research is an empirically derived framework, the SCIM, including a comprehensive set of 79 directional antecedents useful for academicians and practitioners for understanding factors impacting how information technologies are internalized in organizations and supply chains.Research limitations/implications – Empirically testing th.
AUTOMATIC COGNITIVE PROCESSES AND NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

N onverbal behavior is arguably one of the most powerful methods of communication; it conveys important information about a person’s likes and dislikes, emotions, personal characteristics, and relationships (e.g., intimacy, dominance, trust, similarity). Whereas no one would be surprised that verbal communication of this type of information has a cognitive basis, messages conveyed and received nonverbally also have their basis in cognitive processes, although not always in conscious, controlled ones. Thus, understanding nonverbal communication relies, to some extent, on appreciating its cognitive foundation. This cognition refers to the mental activities and processes in which humans (and other animals) engage. Cognitive activities include, but are not limited to, learning, receiving, storing, processing, judging, and using information (Neisser, 1967). The cognitive processes associated with nonverbal communication can occur with awareness, but they are also likely to, and in fact often do, occur without conscious awareness (for a review, see Hassin, Uleman, & Bargh, 2005). The purpose of this chapter is to review the 4
The Oxford Survey of Sovereign Wealth Funds' Asset Managers

Sovereign wealth funds’ (SWF) operations and strategies remain, in many cases, guarded secrets. While some confidentiality is understandable, a gap exists between what we’d like to know about SWFs and what most SWFs are willing to tell us. This report fills this information gap through proxy, by illustrating the results of a survey that canvassed experts about their experience working with SWFs and their opinions on SWF operations. Specifically, this report documents what SWF’s own asset managers think about their operations and behaviour. Until such a time that we have reliable, first-hand data, this information may help better understand these important financial institutions.
obfuscation using WordNet and language models Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2016

As almost all the successful author identification approaches are based on the word frequencies, the most obvious way to obfuscate a text is to distort those frequencies. In this paper we chose a subset of the most frequent words for an author and replace each one with one of their synonyms. In order to select the best synonym, we considered two measures: similarity of the original word and the synonym, the difference between the scores (probabilities) that are assigned to the original and distorted sentences by a language model. By using similarity, we aim to select words that are similar to the original word semantically, and by using a language model we try to favor word usages that are common.
Transcriptional Regulation of the Human CYP1B1 Gene

The cytochrome P450 1B1 gene (CYP1B1) is expressed constitutively and is inducible by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 but not in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Genomic DNA isolated from both cell lines was digested with the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme isoschizomers MspI and HpaII, and subjected to Southern analysis with a probe for the CYP1B1 promoter/enhancer region. Although differences were observed in methylation patterns for the CYP1B1 gene from MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, treatment with the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (10 μm for 6 days) did not activate CYP1B1 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (100 nm for 24 h) did not activate CYP1B1 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. Comparative analysis of the constitutive expression of luciferase/1B1 reporter constructs containing a series of deletions in the 5′ enhancer region indicated that in MCF-7 cells the region from –987 to –732 (relative to the transcription start site) was necessary for maximal levels of activity. Mutation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor response elements (dioxin response elements) in this region showed that the dioxin response elements located at –833 is essential for constitutive gene expression in MCF-7 cells. In HepG2 cells, reporter gene activity was at least equal or greater than the activity observed in MCF-7 cells, which is in marked contrast to the expression of the nativeCYP1B1 gene. Taken together these findings indicate that the observed cell-specific differences in CYP1B1 constitutive expression are not mediated by DNA promoter/enhancer methylation, but are likely due to either 1) inaccessibility of the 5′-enhancer region in HepG2 cells to transcriptional activators due to a higher order chromatin structure that does not involve histone acetylation, or 2) the action of a repressor protein atcis-elements located outside of the –2296 to +25 region examined with the CYP1B1 reporter constructs. Furthermore, at least one of the dioxin response elements in the enhancer region is required for constitutive expression of CYP1B1.
Evaluation of Effective Microorganisms on Small Scale Food Waste Composting

1 Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2 Low Carbon Asia Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
Productivity and Technical Efficiency among Beneficiary Farmers of Second National Fadama Project in Kaduna State, Nigeria

The study evaluates the productivity and technical efficiency among beneficiary farmers of Second National Fadama project in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Data for analysis were obtained from two hundred and six project beneficiary and non beneficiary farmers respectively. Descriptive statistic, pie chart and stochastic frontier production function were used for the data analysis. The study revealed that fertilizer and pumping machine rated high among the Fadama II project facilities used by the beneficiary farmers. Evidence from the stochastic production analysis shows that Farm size, fertilizer and hired labour were highly significant (1%) in determining the output of project beneficiaries, while chemical, farm size and fertilizer were significant at 1% respectively in determining the output of the nonbeneficiary farmers in the study area. The mean technical efficiency of the project beneficiary was higher (92%) than the mean technical efficiency (48%) of the nonbeneficiaries. Age, educational level, Fadama farming experience and access to credit were positively related to technical efficiency of project beneficiary at 1% respectively. The study recommends policies that aimed at improving beneficiaries’ access to credit, timely distribution of productive inputs. This in turn would help the country to ensure all year round food production and reduction in poverty level among its populace.
Synthetic interviews: the art of creating a 'dyad' between humans and machine-based characters

Synthetic interviews is technology developed at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Synthetic interviews provide a means of conversing in-depth with an individual or character, permitting users to ask questions in a conversational manner (just as they would if they were interviewing the figure face-to-face), and receive relevant, pertinent answers to the questions asked. Existing synthetic interviews are accessible via either typed or spoken interfaces. Through this exploration of the CG-persona, users are able to discover a character's behavior, likes and dislikes, values, qualities, influences, beliefs, or personal knowledge. The synthetic interview also strives to capture and convey the core human attributes of reflection, humor, perplexity, bewilderment, frustration, and enjoyment. Synthetic interviews therefore attempt to create nothing less than a 'dyad'. A 'dyad' is any two individuals maintaining a socially significant relationship (though this is not to imply that synthetic interviews are to remain limited to one-on-one experiences; in fact, synthetic interviews utilizing multiple interviewers or interviewees are currently being developed).
Involving the cerebellum in cocaine‐induced memory: pattern of cFos expression in mice trained to acquire conditioned preference for cocaine

Because of its primary role in drug‐seeking, consumption and addictive behaviour, there is a growing interest in identifying the neural circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying the formation, maintenance and retrieval of drug‐related memories. Human studies, which focused on neuronal systems that store and control drug‐conditioned memories, have found cerebellar activations during the retrieval of drug‐associated cue memory. However, at the pre‐clinical level, almost no attention has been paid to a possible role of the cerebellum in drug‐related memories. In the present study, we ought to fill this gap by aiming to investigate the pattern of neuronal activation (as revealed by cFos expression) in different regions of the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of mice trained to develop conditioned preference for an olfactory stimulus (CS+) paired with cocaine. Our results indicate that CS+ preference was directly associated with cFos expression in cells at the apical region of the granule cell layer of the cerebellar vermis; this relationship being more prominent in some specific lobules. Conversely, cFos+ immunostaining in other cerebellar regions seems to be unrelated to CS+ preference but to other aspects of the conditioning procedure. At the prefrontal cortex, cFos expression seemed to be related to cocaine administration rather than to its ability to establish conditioned preference. The present results suggest that as it has been observed in some clinical studies, the cerebellum might be an important and largely overlooked part of the neural circuits involved in generating, maintaining and/or retrieving drug memories.
Research on model of resource management for grid based on computational economy

In grid,resources are distributed,autonomous,heterogeneous and dynamical,so thatresource management with efficiency is a challenging problem.This paper introduces mobile agent technology,agent technology and computational economy into resource management for grid.Under the requirements of user quality of services and by using economic leverage of double auction,autonomous Agents compete with each other for resource usage,so that resource management for grid is autonomously adapted to changes in the en-vironment.The model of the resource management forgrid based on computationaleconomy,for short DynamicSA,realizesthe control of user QoS and has certain academic significance.
A Comparison of Information Usage Between Business and Leisure Travelers

Abstract This study explores the difference in information usage between business and leisure travelers. Data collected from a series of in-flight surveys of Japanese, South Korean, and Australian outbound travelers to the U.S. in 1997 were analyzed by logit analysis to determine if there were differences in information usage between business and leisure travelers. This research found significant differences in the utilization of external information sources between business and leisure travelers of Japan, South Korea, and Australia. In-flight information, national tourist offices, and state/city tourist offices were the only three information sources that were indistinguishable between the business travelers and leisure travelers of South Korea, Japan, and Australia. This study confirms that purpose of trip has a significant impact on international travelers' use of information sources for a trip plan. Various implications are provided to help practitioners implement effective strategies for enticing future demand.
ATTITUDE DETERMINATION AND CONTROL OF MICROSATELLITE USING TYPE-1 AND TYPE-2 FUZZY LOGIC

Attitude controlling has been investigated from various points of view and different controllers have been designed. In addition to respecting microsatellite limitations, control algorithm needs to have high reliability in noise. This is because of the nonlinearity, complexity and uncertainty satellite model. It is essential to use smart controllers in microsatellite control systems which don’t have high accuracy attitude sensors and whose control operator does not have high capability facing turbulent torque. Since control input is a torque, attitude control system operators are torque generators. For optimal maneuver, the controlling torque applied to the nonlinear satellite system must have proper size and quality. Reaction wheels, thrusters, magnetic coils and control moment gyroscopes (CMG) are some of the most important satellite operators. In this study we have used fuzzy controllers of type 1 and 2 in three axis control with high accuracy. Finally, simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
BIOMETRIC ELECTRONIC WALLET FOR DIGITAL CURRENCY

Bitcoin is an experimental, decentralized digital currency that enables instant payments to anyone, anywhere in the world. Bitcoin uses peer-to-peer technology to operate with no central authority. Wallet is the place where Bitcoins are stored. Once Bitcoin wallet is installed on a computer or mobile phone, it will generate initial Bitcoin address and then the user can create an address for each transaction. Wallet first generates a private key and next it will converts private key to Bitcoin address. Wallet keeps track of private keys, usually by storing them in an encrypted wallet file, either on hard drive, on a server on the Internet, or elsewhere. If the private key to an address is lost (for example, in a hard drive crash, fire or other natural disaster), any associated Bitcoins are effectively lost forever. Existing solutions in the market use simple encryption mechanism to access sensitive information in electronic wallets. There is a need for a high security wallet that uses advanced encryption (AES) a nd unique access control (like finger print or facial recognition technology) as there is a high chance of security breach where hackers can steal sensitive information or electronic cash. The overall objective of this paper is to propose a biometric ele ctronic wallet to store and transfer digital currencies with high security/encryption using Biometric External USB Sensor. All client side data in mobile Bitcoin wallets will be stored in a file in mobile device only. So, anybody can access that file. Therefore, the main objective is to provide a security for client side file by using Biometric External USB Sensor and AES algorithm.
Antecedents and Dynamics for Strategic Alignment of Health Information Systems in Uganda

Health Information Systems (HIS) in Uganda always fail to achieve the organizational objectives and yet little research has been conducted to study the strategic alignment of HIS in the country. This study therefore set out to examine the antecedents and dynamics that influence strategic alignment of HIS in Uganda with the aim of adequately addressing the complex IS design issues. A total of 296 respondents were purposively selected from 39 health facilities across the country to participate in the survey. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Shopbot banking: an exploratory study of customer loyalty effects

Agent technology has been applied to design new services simplifying product and merchant brokering in several customer industries. The term “shopbots” is now generally used to characterize these services. Proposes that shopbots will make customers more rational and less loyal and that loyalty will be adversely affected. Proposes that different forms of loyalty are affected by shopbot access and that the effect of shopbots on loyalty may differ among customer groups. These propositions were tested in an experimental study of customers choosing a financial service provider. The findings suggest that cognitive loyalty is the loyalty form most affected by shopbot access and that the loyalty effects of shopbots depend upon customers’ past switching behavior. However, no effects of shopbots on stronger forms of loyalty were found. Even though this research is exploratory, it suggests that financial service providers may not fear the effects of shopbots on the behavior of their affective and conative loyal customers. It also suggests that to avoid the threat of shopbots, strong forms of loyalty should be developed in long‐term relationships between providers and customers.