Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Framework to study the social innovation networks

Purpose – The importance of innovations in business management is a widely accepted hypothesis. Lately the research on innovation has widened to include consideration of the impact of social networks on the innovation. This paper aims to contribute to research on this approach by suggesting a framework for studying the social aspects of economic innovations.Design/methodology/approach – The paper discusses economic innovation as a product of organizational competencies, highlighting the importance of social network.Findings – This paper has three goals: we clarify the concept of economic innovation, we present the essential questions for studying the economic innovation process, and we present a proposal for an empirical approach and address problems in collecting data about economic innovations.Originality/value – The paper opens a new, socio‐psychological approach to studying the innovation processes. It proposes a holistic approach to the phenomenon by combining these with the material aspects of an or.
Exchange rate regime and household's choice of debt

The paper looks at the impact of the exchange rate regime and the household’s choice of debt. One of the characteristics of economic transition in eastern European countries was an increase in overall debt holding. Standard economic theory assumes the relationship S=I. According to this relationship the households should use debt only for purchases of durable goods; however in some eastern European countries there was a large increase in consumer loans which are not recognized under standard no-ponzi assumption of economic models. This paper aims to investigate the case when debt is used to live above household’s budget constraint. Our model shows a significant impact on the choice of the amount the debt the households are willing to hold is due to the choice of the exchange rate regime made by the central bank. The models investigates household’s behavior in two main cases: stable exchange rate regime (exchange rate regime with FX risk) and variable exchange rate regime (exchange rate regime without exchange rate risk). The households make different choices under alternate exchange rate regime; this pattern of is behavior shown in the model and verified by the data.
SoS aspects of health management technology in substrate manufacturing process

Complex manufacturing processes such as substrate manufacturing could be alive because they change continuously and cyclically in order to improve their health. The health management technology has been proposed as general solution framework for complex systems like manufacturing process. In this article, the System of Systems aspects of the technology and its application are discussed. Firstly, the health management technology is briefly introduced by centering the notion of causality. As its application, causality-based quality control in substrate manufacturing process is developed by applying the technology. Among the quality control, process anomaly diagnosis is investigated by using the real manufacturing production line for experimental use. Experiments were conducted to prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the health management technology.
Study of the Shielding Effectiveness of Doublerectangular Enclosureswith Apertures Excited by an Internal Source

An analytical formulation has been developed to evaluate the shielding effectiveness (SE) of two coplanar rectangular metallic enclosures with a circular aperture excited by an internal electric dipole source. The formulation consists of three parts: First, the near-field electromagnetic interference (EMI) of the electromagnetic leakage from the aperture is represented by the electric dipole in one enclosure. Then, the aperture equivalent magnetic and electric dipole moments are calculated according to the Bethe's small aperture coupling theory. Finally, the electric field of the other enclosure is derived by using the equivalent magnetic dipole field, equivalent electric dipole field and the corresponding enclosure's Green's functions in the two fields. In this formulation, the electric field of the enclosure can be expressed as a function of the observation point, the aperture's center point, source point, shape of the aperture and enclosure's conductivity. The formulation then is employed to analyze the effect of the above factors on the SE. The analytical results have been successfully compared with the full-wave simulation software Computer Simulation Technology (CST) from 0.3 ∼ 2. 4G Hz.
Ethnicity, 'Race' and Place: experiences and issues of identity and belonging in rural minority ethnic households

This thesis seeks to make visible the presence and voices of minority ethnic households in rural communities by addressing the ‘place blindness’ in research on ethnicity / ‘race’, and the ethnicity / ‘race’ blindness in rural literature. The overall aim of this thesis is to develop an understanding of the lived experiences and perspectives of minority ethnic households and individuals in parts of rural Scotland, and the Highlands and Islands in particular. The emphasis is on exploring the contingent, flexible and changing interaction between ethnicity / ‘race’ and rurality. This is achieved by drawing on four separately commissioned studies which were undertaken between 1998 and 2004, and were re-analysed for the purposes of this
Conjugal transfer of transposon Tn916 from Streptococcus faecalis to Mycoplasma hominis

Transposon Tn916 was transferred from Streptococcus faecalis to Mycoplasma hominis by a mating process resembling conjugation with a frequency of 10(-6) to 10(-7). Tn916 was inserted into the mycoplasmal chromosome in single and multiple copies.
Investigation of HTS Current Leads Under Pulsed Operation for JT-60SA

The test of two Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) prototype high temperature superconductor (HTS) current leads (CL) was extended to dynamic operation, in order to evaluate AC losses in parts of the CL. Trapezoidal and triangular current cycles up to a maximum current of 20 kA with different ramp rates between 0.5 kA/s and 10 kA/s were performed. Temperature changes at the warm end of the HTS-module and the influence on the heat load at the cold end of the CL were studied. Additionally, a DC operation that generates a power loss equivalent to the triangular pulsing run was investigated. AC losses in the low temperature part of the CL are estimated by simplified models and compared to the experimental results of the heat load measurements. The effect of the AC losses on the CL performance is discussed.
Fast Adjustments of the Asian Summer Monsoon to Anthropogenic Aerosols

Anthropogenic aerosols are a major factor contributing to human‐induced climate change, particularly over the densely populated Asian monsoon region. Understanding the physical processes controlling the aerosol‐induced changes in monsoon rainfall is essential for reducing the uncertainties in the future projections of the hydrological cycle. Here we use multiple coupled and atmospheric general circulation models to explore the physical mechanisms for the aerosol‐driven monsoon changes on different time scales. We show that anthropogenic aerosols induce an overall reduction in monsoon rainfall and circulation, which can be largely explained by the fast adjustments over land north of 20∘N. This fast response occurs before changes in sea surface temperature (SST), largely driven by aerosol‐cloud interactions. However, aerosol‐induced SST feedbacks (slow response) cause substantial changes in the monsoon meridional circulation over the oceanic regions. Both the land‐ocean asymmetry and meridional temperature gradient are key factors in determining the overall monsoon circulation response.
Identification of iridoid synthases from Nepeta species: Iridoid cyclization does not determine nepetalactone stereochemistry

Iridoid synthase from Nepeta cateria (catnip) and Nepeta mussinii, have been cloned and characterized. Abstract Nepetalactones are iridoid monoterpenes with a broad range of biological activities produced by plants in the Nepeta genus. However, none of the genes for nepetalactone biosynthesis have been discovered. Here we report the transcriptomes of two Nepeta species, each with distinctive profiles of nepetalactone stereoisomers. As a starting point for investigation of nepetalactone biosynthesis in Nepeta, these transcriptomes were used to identify candidate genes for iridoid synthase homologs, an enzyme that has been shown to form the core iridoid skeleton in several iridoid producing plant species. Iridoid synthase homologs identified from the transcriptomes were cloned, heterologously expressed, and then assayed with the 8-oxogeranial substrate. These experiments revealed that catalytically active iridoid synthase enzymes are present in Nepeta, though there are unusual mutations in key active site residues. Nevertheless, these enzymes exhibit similar catalytic activity and product profile compared to previously reported iridoid synthases from other plants. Notably, four nepetalactone stereoisomers with differing stereochemistry at the 4α and 7α positions – which are generated during the iridoid synthase reaction – are observed at different ratios in various Nepeta species. This work strongly suggests that the variable stereochemistry at these 4α and 7α positions of nepetalactone diastereomers is established further downstream in the iridoid pathway in Nepeta. Overall, this work provides a gateway into the biosynthesis of nepetalactones in Nepeta. Highlights Species within the Nepeta genus (such as catnip) produce nepetalactone iridoids The enzymes that produce the iridoid scaffold of nepetalactone were identified from two species of Nepeta The iridoid synthase enzymes are not responsible for the stereochemical variation in these iridoids
Distinct Human Immunodeficiency Virus Strains in the Bone Marrow Are Associated with the Development of Thrombocytopenia

ABSTRACT We analyzed bone marrow and blood from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals and described the HIV-1 quasispecies in these cellular compartments. HIV-1 isolates from the bone marrow of thrombocytopenic patients contained distinct amino acids in the V3 loop and infected T-cell lines, implicating this virus in the development of thrombocytopenia.
Dynamic Macroeconomic Analysis: Theory and Policy in General Equilibrium

Foreword William Brock 1. The application of stochastic dynamic programming methods to household consumption and saving decisions: a critical survey Jim Pemberton 2. Investment dynamics Fanny S. Demers, Michael Demers and Sumru Altug 3. Taxes and welfare in a stochastically growing economy Stephen J. Turnovsky 4. Recent developments in the microeconomic stabilisation literature: is price stability a good stabilisation strategy? Matt Canzoneri, Robert Cumby and Behzad Diba 5. On the interaction of monetary and fiscal policy Jagjit Chadha and Charles Nolan 6. Dynamic general equilibrium analysis: the open economy dimension Philip Lane and Giovanni Ganelli 7. Credit frictions and 'sudden stops' in small open economies: an equilibrium business cycle framework for emerging markets crises Cristina Arellano and Enrique Mendoza 8. Asset pricing in macroeconomic models Paul Soderlind 9. Labor market search and monetary shocks Carl Walsh 10. On the introduction of endogenous labor income in deterministic and stochastic endogenous growth models Stephen J. Turnovsky 11. Growth and business cycles Gabriel Talmain.
An Experimental Design for Static Eccentricity Detection in Synchronous Machines Using a Cramér–Rao Lower Bound Technique

Detection of a static eccentricity fault in rotating electrical machines is possible through several measurement techniques, such as shaft voltages and flux probes. A predictive maintenance approach typically requires that the condition monitoring technique is online, accurate, and able to detect incipient faults. This paper presents a study of the optimal measurement modality that leads to a minimal identification error of the static eccentricity in synchronous machines. The Cramér-Rao lower bound technique is implemented by taking into account both measurement and model uncertainties. Numerical results are obtained using a two-dimensional finite element model and is experimentally validated on a synchronous two-pole generator. Results indicate that shaft voltage measurements are better suited to the detection of static eccentricity.
INTEGRATION OF BRAND VULNERABILITY SCENARIOS PLANNING INTO BRAND MANAGEMENT PROCESS

Modern brands function in the markets distinguishing in uncertainty. In the context of uncertainty organizations face difficulties in making strategic and tactical decisions because it is impossible to forecast future tendencies. Organizations’ decisions, external environment factors and competitors’ actions determine brand vulnerability. Brand vulnerability is the premise for the formation of brand risk. In the context of the later trends problematic question arises for academics and practitioners: how to manage the brand so that the brand vulnerability would be decreased to the minimum? Considering the fact that scientific literature does not give the answer to this question, the aim of the paper is to integrate the planning process of the brand vulnerability scenario into the brand management process. In order to do the mentioned, the following objectives of the paper are set: to present the concept and the planning process of the brand scenarios, to discuss the opportunities of integration of the brand scenario planning process into the brand management process. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.em. 18.3. 4234
Material determination from reflectance properties in aerial urban images

Telecommunication operators intensively use simulation tools for optimizing positioning in mobile communication networks. These simulators are based on digital surface models to estimate electromagnetic wave propagation. In addition to a three dimensional model of the city which is conveniently obtained from aerial images, we propose to establish a cartography of urban materials from the same data. This cartography is derived from an analysis of the BRDF (binomial reflectivity distribution) of the materials under different viewing angles. For this purpose, we use a simple light reflection model and for each building or terrain parcel, we determine the parameters of the model. We found experimentally that the Blinn's model, although not physically derived, is the most adequate for this application. We propose to use a robust estimation method, the least median of squares estimator on Blinn's model. We test it on various materials, like red and dark tiles and slates. Calculated parameters are evaluated according to assumptions made on surface quality of these materials. We present the limits of the method.
Explaining the Desire for Local Bargaining: Evidence from a Finnish Survey of Employers and Employees

This paper describes divergences in employers' and employees' opinions on the proper share of local bargaining in contract wage gains in Finland. Employers want the locally bargained wage share to be approximately half of the total wage rise, while the majority of employees would prefer this share to be in the region of 1-24 per cent. Employers in firms that are large, foreign owned or operate in the financial services industry desire the largest locally bargained share of contract wages. Employees in large firms, on the other hand, resist local bargaining. When the firm uses performance-related pay, employees would prefer a large role for local bargaining in contract wage gains.
Lessons from the field: mapping Saskatchewan's Pipeline of Entrepreneurs and Enterprises in order to build a provincial operating system for entrepreneurship

This article describes the initial stages of a long-term change project, to implement a province-wide entrepreneurial development system in Saskatchewan, Canada. The project used a highly participative planning process to engage 300 stakeholders in a new method to meaningfully segment the marketplace of entrepreneurs and enterprises in a community or region. This process, referred to as the Pipeline of Entrepreneurs and Enterprises, guides economic development investments and moves them from a piece-meal approach of addressing entrepreneurial needs to one that is more systemic.
A note on the cyclical behaviour of the income distribution

Empirically, the income share is procyclical for the low-income groups and acyclical for the top 5%. To generate this kind of behaviour in a DGE business cycle model, we consider overlapping generations and elastic labour supply in addition to those elements considered by Castaneda et al. (1998). We also analyse a model with rigid wages. However, these features do not help to constitute a major improvement vis-a-vis their model. JEL classification: C68, D31, E32 Keywords: Income distribution, business cycle, overlapping generations, unemployment, pensions
Dynamic Linkages Among Equity Markets in the Middle East and North African Countries

The relaxation of security laws and regulations in emerging markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) provides abundant opportunities for foreign investors. These markets exhibit high-expected returns and substantial volatility. In this paper, we investigate the lead/lag relationship between the MENA countries and regions. We find no market causality or spillover from one country to another in the North Africa region. Our results for the Levant region reveal that there are linkages between stock markets in this region. The results for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region show that there is more interaction and linkage in the GCC region than in the North Africa and Levant regions. An unexpected result is that UAE's stock market leads all the markets in this region. Finally, we investigate linkages among the three regions. We find that GCC influences the other two regions.
Leaf hydraulic conductance varies with vein anatomy across Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and leaf vein mutants.

Leaf venation is diverse across plant species and has practical applications from paleobotany to modern agriculture. However, the impact of vein traits on plant performance has not yet been tested in a model system such as Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous studies analysed cotyledons of A. thaliana vein mutants and identified visible differences in their vein systems from the wild type (WT). We measured leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf ), vein traits, and xylem and mesophyll anatomy for A. thaliana WT (Col-0) and four vein mutants (dot3-111 and dot3-134, and cvp1-3 and cvp2-1). Mutant true leaves did not possess the qualitative venation anomalies previously shown in the cotyledons, but varied quantitatively in vein traits and leaf anatomy across genotypes. The WT had significantly higher mean Kleaf . Across all genotypes, there was a strong correlation of Kleaf with traits related to hydraulic conductance across the bundle sheath, as influenced by the number and radial diameter of bundle sheath cells and vein length per area. These findings support the hypothesis that vein traits influence Kleaf , indicating the usefulness of this mutant system for testing theory that was primarily established comparatively across species, and supports a strong role for the bundle sheath in influencing Kleaf .
Decreased Diffusivity in the Caudate Nucleus of Presymptomatic Huntington Disease Gene Carriers: Which Explanation?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The neostriatum is known to be affected in HD. In this work, our aim was to determine whether microstructural and volumetric alterations occur in the neostriatum of presymptomatic HD gene carriers and in patients with early-stage HD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied a group of 15 presymptomatic gene carriers who were far from the estimated symptom onset (16% probability of developing the disease within 5 years), a group of 9 patients with early symptomatic HD, and 2 groups of age-matched controls. Volumetric MR imaging and DWIs were acquired, and statistical analyses were performed on the volumes of the caudate nucleus and putamen and on the corresponding MD measurements. RESULTS: Neostriatal volumes were significantly smaller in both presymptomatic HD gene carriers and symptomatic patients with respect to controls. However, whereas the diffusivity in the caudate nucleus was increased in the symptomatic patients, it was decreased in the presymptomatic gene carriers. CONCLUSIONS: Altered diffusivity and reduced volume of the caudate nucleus in presymptomatic HD gene carriers indicate that the neostriatum is affected well before the onset of symptoms. The observed initial decrease and subsequent increase of MD might be related to the combined effect of increased oligodendroglial population, putatively a developmental abnormality, and incipient neurodegeneration.
Assessing the Contents of Nigeria Academic Library Website

This study is to assess the content of academic library websites in Nigeria with a view to identify the extent to which they effectively facilitate access to electronic resources, provide online library services, provide its patrons with contact and general information on the services they provide their patrons. The population of this study is 40 Federal University libraries in Nigeria. The sample size is made of 37 Federal University Libraries with a functional website. A check list under six broad categories was design and data was collected by visiting the library websites through their University home page in September 2013. The study revealed that even though Nigerian academic libraries have made their presence online by deploying a library website, many of them do not use their library websites to provide their patrons with contact and general information on the services they provide and facilitate access to their resources. The study concluded that the use of library website to provide general information and contact information on the library was explored only by very few academic libraries. Recommendation for the redesign of academic library websites to make it more effective was made. Keywords : Nigerian academic library, academic website, electronic resources, access to electronic resources, open access, Internet savvy patrons
Complementary association between real activities and accruals-based manipulation in earnings reporting

Extant studies focus on examining the developed capital markets and reveal mixed results for the association between real activities versus accruals-based earnings management. This study establishes a set of simultaneous equations that captures managers’ behaviors to boost (or suppress) earnings performance to examine whether real activities and discretionary accruals play mutually complement roles in earnings reporting in Taiwan. The two-stage least squares regressions results reveal that the realactivities manipulation comprehensive measure is positively associated with discretionary accruals and supports the complement hypothesis. It suggests that managers jointly and simultaneously use these two tools in strategic earnings reporting decisions.
College Admissions under Early Decision

In this paper, we model college admissions under early decision in a many-to-one matching framework with two periods. We show that there exists no stable matching system, involving an early decision matching rule and a regular decision matching rule, which is nonmanipulable via early decision quotas by colleges or via early decision preferences by colleges or students. We then analyze the Nash equilibria of the game, in which the preferences of colleges and students in each period are common knowledge and every college determines a quota for the early decision period given its total capacity for the two periods. Under college-optimal and student-optimal matching systems, we show that a pure strategy equilibrium may not exist. However, when colleges or students have common preferences over the other set of agents, 'terminating early decision program' becomes a weakly dominant strategy for each college if every student, choosing to act early, always applies early to his or her top choice college.