Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Database for Counterfeit Electronics and Automatic Defect Detection Based on Image Processing and Machine Learning

Counterfeiting is an increasing concern for businesses and governments as greater numbers of counterfeit integrated circuits (IC) infiltrate the global market. There is an ongoing effort in experimental and national labs inside the United States to detect and prevent such counterfeits in the most efficient time period. However, there is still a missing piece to automatically detect and properly keep record of detected counterfeit ICs. Here, we introduce a web application database that allows users to share previous examples of counterfeits through an online database and to obtain statistics regarding the prevalence of known defects. We also investigate automated techniques based on image processing and machine learning to detect different physical defects and to determine whether or not an IC is counterfeit.
Optimal design method for interleaved single-phase PFC converter with coupled inductor

The design approach for the interleaved single-phase PFC converter has 4 combinations; with the coupled inductor or the non-coupled inductor, controlled CCM or CRM. This paper is to indicate the effectiveness of the combination of the coupled inductor and CCM control scheme for the interleaved single-phase PFC converter. First, the same weight core is prepared for the fair comparison. Two cores are for the interleaved PFC converter with the non-coupled inductor. (Total weight is 28g.) Single core is for one with the coupled inductor. (Its weight is 28g.) In each condition, the max power performances have been calculated from the peak current analysis of the interleaved single-phase PFC converter. From the max power performance, the designer of the single-phase PFC converter can chose the best combination for the weight of the core. The design method is discussed from the experimental point of view.
N 4,N 6-Dimethyl-N 4,N 6-diphenylpyrimidine-4,5,6-triamine

In the title compound, C18H19N5, the pyrimidine ring makes dihedral angles of 56.49 (9) and 70.88 (9)° with the phenyl rings. The dihedral angle between the two phenyl rings is 72.45 (9)°. No significant intermolecular interactions are observed in the crystal structure.
Annexin A2 Is Involved in the Formation of Hepatitis C Virus Replication Complex on the Lipid Raft

ABSTRACT The hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA replicates in hepatic cells by forming a replication complex on the lipid raft (detergent-resistant membrane [DRM]). Replication complex formation requires various viral nonstructural (NS) proteins as well as host cellular proteins. In our previous study (C. K. Lai, K. S. Jeng, K. Machida, and M. M. Lai, J. Virol. 82:8838–8848, 2008), we found that a cellular protein, annexin A2 (Anxa2), interacts with NS3/NS4A. Since NS3/NS4A is a membranous protein and Anxa2 is known as a lipid raft-associated scaffold protein, we postulate that Anxa2 helps in the formation of the HCV replication complex on the lipid raft. Further studies showed that Anxa2 was localized at the HCV-induced membranous web and interacted with NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B and colocalized with them in the perinuclear region. The silencing of Anxa2 decreased the formation of membranous web-like structures and viral RNA replication. Subcellular fractionation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis revealed that Anxa2 was partially associated with HCV at the lipid raft enriched with phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) and caveolin-2. Further, the overexpression of Anxa2 in HCV-nonsusceptible HEK293 cells caused the enrichment of HCV NS proteins in the DRM fraction and increased the colony-forming ability of the HCV replicon. Since Anxa2 is known to induce the formation of the lipid raft microdomain, we propose that Anxa2 recruits HCV NS proteins and enriches them on the lipid raft to form the HCV replication complex.
SubUNets: End-to-End Hand Shape and Continuous Sign Language Recognition

We propose a novel deep learning approach to solve simultaneous alignment and recognition problems (referred to as “Sequence-to-sequence” learning). We decompose the problem into a series of specialised expert systems referred to as SubUNets. The spatio-temporal relationships between these SubUNets are then modelled to solve the task, while remaining trainable end-to-end. The approach mimics human learning and educational techniques, and has a number of significant advantages. SubUNets allow us to inject domain-specific expert knowledge into the system regarding suitable intermediate representations. They also allow us to implicitly perform transfer learning between different interrelated tasks, which also allows us to exploit a wider range of more varied data sources. In our experiments we demonstrate that each of these properties serves to significantly improve the performance of the overarching recognition system, by better constraining the learning problem. The proposed techniques are demonstrated in the challenging domain of sign language recognition. We demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on hand-shape recognition (outperforming previous techniques by more than 30%). Furthermore, we are able to obtain comparable sign recognition rates to previous research, without the need for an alignment step to segment out the signs for recognition.
Effects of a Supervisory Education for Positive Mental Health in the Workplace: A Quasi‐Experimental Study

Effects of a Supervisory Education for Positive Mental Health in the Workplace: A Quasi‐Experimental Study: Akizumi Tsutsumi, et al. Okayama University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Social and Environmental Life Sciences, Social Medicine and Longevity Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine—Single‐session supervisory education was developed in conjunction with the Japanese national guidelines for the promotion of employee mental health. Totally 267 voluntary supervisors in a prefectural office were presented with comprehensive information on the role they had to fulfill to promote mental health in the workplace. Totally 864 office employees (53%) were evaluated to determine whether education had had an effect on their psychological distress and job performance. The findings from the departments in which more than one‐third of the supervisors had attended education were compared to those from the departments in which no more than one‐third of the supervisors had attended education. Three months after the education, the levels of psychological distress and, to a lesser extent, self‐reported job performance improved among employees in the departments in which at least one‐third of the supervisors attended the education compared to those from departments with lower attendance rates of the supervisors. For the psychological outcome, the positive educational effect was supported by statistically significant interaction terms between time and department category with adjustment for the confounders. Favorable changes were noted among supervisors who received the education in knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding mental health practices. The behavioral changes were related to decreasing workplace problems and referral of employees to the liaison office and associated medical institutions. Despite several limitations, the findings suggest that providing supervisors with appropriate information has a positive effect on employee psychological well‐being.
LETTER Size and scaling of predator-prey dynamics

We propose a scaled version of the Rosenzweig–MacArthur model using both Type I and Type II functional responses that incorporates the size dependence of interaction rates. Our aim is to link the energetic needs of organisms with the dynamics of interacting populations, for which survival is a result of a game-theoretic struggle for existence. We solve the scaled model of predator–prey dynamics and predict population level characteristics such as the scaling of coexistence size ranges and the optimal predator–prey size ratio. For a broad class of such models, the optimal predator–prey size ratio given available prey of a fixed size is constant. We also demonstrate how scaling predictions of prey density differ under resource limitation vs. predator drawdown. Finally, we show how evolution of predator size can destabilize population dynamics, compare scaling of predator–prey cycles to previous work, as well as discuss possible extensions of the model to multispecies communities.
Implementing an Electronic Change-of-Shift Report Using Transforming Care at the Bedside Processes and Methods

Bedside nurses are well positioned to make changes that positively affect operations and practice. Using Transforming Care at the Bedside processes and methods, the authors describe the clinical nurse-led development, testing, and implementation of an electronic template and process for change-of-shift report. Outcomes included a reduction in time spent in change-of-shift reports, reduced end-of-shift overtime, and a more standardized process, with staff perceived improved information quality and satisfaction with the process.
The effect of a calcium hydroxide paste on wound healing and osseointegration of dental implants. A pilot study in beagle dogs.

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a new calcium hydroxide suspension (Osteoinductal) on the healing process of endosseous dental implants after placement. The material, composed of 25% calcium hydroxide, 25% Oleum pedum tauri and 50% vaselinum album, was developed with the intention to accelerate and to increase the mineralized bone to implant contact during the healing phase. Eight adult beagle dogs were used in this study. Prior to the beginning of the study the dogs had all mandibular premolars extracted. After the extraction sites had healed for 3 months, implant osteotomies were performed. On one side of the mandibular premolars extracted. After the extraction sites had healed for 3 months, implant osteotomies were performed. On one side of the mandible Osteoinductal was applied into the osteotomies before placement of the implants, whereas the other side did not receive Osteoinductal. A total of 48 implants were placed with two losses during the entire study period. Two dogs were sacrificed 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 3 months after implant placement. The specimens were evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. In the histological evaluation an intense inflammatory reaction towards the calcium hydroxide suspension was found leading to a destruction of the bone surrounding the implants after 1 and 2 weeks. A giant cell reaction against the test material was visible at 4 weeks. At 3 months no inflammatory and no giant cell reaction could be depicted in the test group. The mean direct bone to implant contact or inflammatory tissue to implant contact showed no differences between test and control group for 1 and 2 weeks. Although statistically not significant, there was a clinical significant difference in the mineralized bone to implant contact between test and control group for the last two timepoints (i.e. 4-week specimens: test group 2.3 +/- 0.9%, control group 26.8 +/- 11.1%; 3-month specimens: test group 10.5 +/- 12.7%, control group 60.7 +/- 13.7%). This study indicates that the use of the calcium hydroxide suspension Osteoinductal has a detrimental effect on wound healing and osseointegration of dental implants and cannot be recommended for use with dental implants.
Anti-Slug Control with Non-Linear State Estimation

In offshore production, the two-phase mixture of oil and gas is transported from the seabed oil wells to the surface facilities by pipelines and risers. The two-phase flow can have different flow regimes, where severe slugging is one undesirable flow regime and an effective solution is needed to prevent it. The recommended solution is active control of the top-side choke valve. Previously, controllability analysis is done of two-phase flow in a 4-state pipeline-riser model. This analyze concludes that the best way to control the choke valve is by using the subsea pressure measurement combined with topside flow measurement. However, the subsea pressure might be difficult to measure correctly because the pipeline is placed under tough conditions, hundredth or even thousands of meters under sea level. One possibility is to combine topside pressure with topside flow measurement and use for estimation of states or other sub-sea measurements that are normally not available. Simulation studies are done in MATLAB of different anti-slug control solutions. Linear Kalman filter, extended Kalman filter (EKF) and unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are used for state estimation and combined with controllers such as PI, LQR and MPC. The input to the system is flow rate of gas and liquid, and the nominal choke opening. The input disturbance to the process is change in the flow rate of gas and liquid imitating slug flow. As expected, when only topside measurements are used, because of the highly nonlinear system dynamics the linear Kalman filter fails in stabilizing the system. The EKF works good when the system has low input disturbance, while the UKF is the best nonlinear filter when the system has high input disturbance. However, when the nominal choke opening is increased, the UKF combined with a controller fails. The LQR controller combined with UKF shows slightly better results than the PI and MPC controller combined with the same filter for state estimation. There is also potential in using the high-gain observer in control strategies.
Spatial pattern of gas exchange for montane moist meadow species

Montane moist meadows of western North America are relatively unique in that they are characterized by annual cycles of spring inundation followed by summer drought. Thus, plants adapted to these ecosystems must cope with a wide range of environmental conditions. We compared gas exchange and water relations of upper canopy leaves and leaf area index (LAI) of three dominant montane meadow graminoids growing at both streamside and mid-meadow locations (2.5 and 20.0 m, respectively from the stream edge). The two locations were environmentally very different in spite of their close proximity. The water table at the streamside location was ca. 40 cm closer to the surface compared to the mid-meadow. When averaged over season and species, photosynthetic rates were 12.5 % (p 0.05) The similarity in stomatal response was surprising given that streamside plants had midday xylem potentials that averaged 0.72 MPa less negative (less water-stressed) than that of mid-meadow plants (p < 0.05). There was no clear relationship between xylem potential and conductance for the species studied. Total LAI for the three species combined was nearly three times higher at the streamside compared to mid-meadow location. At the streamside location, Carex nebrascensis had a LAI over twice as high as that of the other species (p 0.05) at the mid-meadow location. Carex nebrascensis had a more conservative gas exchange strategy (lower photosynthesis and transpiration) than Juncus balticus or Deschampsia cespitosa, yet developed more leaf area than either of these species. Juncus had higher photosynthesis and transpiration compared to the other species, yet maintained less negative midday xylem potential (p < 0.05). Apparently, Juncus balticus maintained a greater supply of moisture to above-ground tissues than the other species, which is probably an indication of higher root length per unit leaf area, or a more efficient water conducting system. The other two species - Carex nebrascensis in particular, maintain relatively conservative gas exchange rates, but under favorable growing conditions (such as occurred at the streamside) can develop high leaf area indices. Wetland species with similar growth forms (graminoid) and distributions can have contrasting patterns of gas exchange and plant water relations.
Assessments of Direct Human Exposure—The Approach of EU Risk Assessments Compared to Scenario‐Based Risk Assessment

The awareness of potential risks emerging from the use of chemicals in all parts of daily life has increased the need for risk assessments that are able to cover a high number of exposure situations and thereby ensure the safety of workers and consumers. In the European Union (EU), the practice of risk assessments for chemicals is laid down in a Technical Guidance Document; it is designed to consider environmental and human occupational and residential exposure. Almost 70 EU risk assessment reports (RARs) have been finalized for high‐production‐volume chemicals during the last decade. In the present study, we analyze the assessment of occupational and consumer exposure to trichloroethylene and phthalates presented in six EU RARs. Exposure scenarios in these six RARs were compared to scenarios used in applications of the scenario‐based risk assessment approach to the same set of chemicals. We find that scenarios used in the selected EU RARs to represent typical exposure situations in occupational or private use of chemicals and products do not necessarily represent worst‐case conditions. This can be due to the use of outdated information on technical equipment and conditions in workplaces or omission of pathways that can cause consumer exposure. Considering the need for exposure and risk assessments under the new chemicals legislation of the EU, we suggest that a transparent process of collecting data on exposure situations and of generating representative exposure scenarios is implemented to improve the accuracy of risk assessments. Also, the data sets used to assess human exposure should be harmonized, summarized in a transparent fashion, and made accessible for all risk assessors and the public.
Comparison of Mechanical Design and Energy Consumption of Adaptable, Passive-compliant Actuators

Different, adaptable, passive-compliant actuators have been developed recently such as the antagonistic setup of two Series Elastic Actuators, the Mechanically Adjustable Compliance and Controllable Equilibrium Position Actuator, the Actuator with Mechanically Adjustable Series Compliance, and the Variable Stiffness Actuator. The main purpose of these designs is to reduce the energy consumption of walking/running robots and prostheses. This paper presents a design formulation to link the different mechanical designs together, and a study on the power consumption of these actuators.
Was breast conserving surgery underutilized for early stage breast cancer? Instrumental variables evidence for stage II patients from Iowa.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the average survival effects of breast conserving surgery plus irradiation relative to mastectomy for marginal stage II breast cancer patients in Iowa from 1989-1994. DATA SOURCES/DATA SETTING: Secondary linked Iowa SEER Cancer Registry--Iowa Hospital Association discharge abstract data for women in Iowa with stage II breast cancer from 1989-1994. STUDY DESIGN Observational instrumental variables (IV) analysis. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Women with stage II breast cancer from the Iowa SEER Cancer Registry 1989-1994 who received all of their inpatient care in Iowa were linked with their respective hospital discharge abstracts. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Breast conserving surgery plus irradiation decreased survival relative to mastectomy for marginal stage II breast cancer patients in Iowa during the early 1990s. In this study marginal patients were those whose surgery choices were affected by differences in area treatment rates and access to radiation facilities. CONCLUSIONS If marginal patients are representative of patients whose treatment choices would be affected by changes in treatment rates, an increase in the breast conserving surgery plus irradiation rate for stage II early stage breast cancer patients would have decreased survival in Iowa during the early 1990s. Further research with newer data and broader samples is needed to make more current and specific assessments.
Measurement of cardiac output by thermal dilution in man.

Float catheterisation of the pulmonary artery was described in The Lancet by Dr R D Bradley (as he then was) in 1964 at a time when invasive circulatory monitoring was almost non-existent outside cardiac surgical units, and ‘intensive care’ was a term barely in use. Cardiac catheterisation was laboratory based and required radiological control: management of acute circulatory crises relied on clinical assessment alone. Dr Bradley recognised the diagnostic and therapeutic value which might accrue from knowledge of central circulatory variables, and used the flow of the circulation itself to direct a fine nylon tube (ID 0.5mm) through the heart and into the pulmonary artery. The catheter was introduced through a short nylon cannula inserted most often in an antecubital vein using the Seldinger technique. A similar cannula in the brachial artery provided not only far more reliable measurement of low arterial pressure than can be achieved with a sphygmomanometer but also permitted display of the arterial waveform, itself of value in interpreting circulatory dynamics.
Survey of Ferroxidase Expression and Siderophore Production in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT Ferroxidase (encoded by the mco gene), a component of a ferrous iron uptake pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was detected in all of the 35 respiratory clinical isolates surveyed; in contrast, considerable variation in siderophore expression was observed. The ubiquitous expression of this periplasmic ferroxidase suggests that it plays a key role in iron uptake in this opportunistic pathogen.
Mood-incongruent psychotic features in bipolar disorder: familial aggregation and suggestive linkage to 2p11-q14 and 13q21-33.

OBJECTIVE Mood-incongruent psychotic features in bipolar disorder may signify a more severe form of the illness and might represent phenotypic manifestations of susceptibility genes shared with schizophrenia. This study attempts to characterize clinical correlates, familial aggregation, and genetic linkage in subjects with these features. METHOD Subjects were drawn from The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Genetics Initiative Bipolar Disorder Collaborative cohort, consisting of 708 families recruited at 10 academic medical centers. Subjects with mood-incongruent and mood-congruent psychotic features were compared on clinical variables. Familial aggregation was tested using a proband-predictive model and generalized estimating equations. A genome-wide linkage scan incorporating a mood-incongruence covariate was performed. RESULTS Mood-incongruent psychotic features were associated with an increased rate of hospitalization and attempted suicide. A proband with mood-incongruence predicted mood-incongruence in relatives with bipolar I disorder when compared with all other subjects and when compared with subjects with mood-congruent psychosis. The presence of mood-incongruent psychotic features increased evidence for linkage on chromosomes 13q21-33 and 2p11-q14. These logarithm of the odds ratio (LOD) scores and their increase from baseline met empirical genome-wide suggestive criteria for significance. CONCLUSIONS Mood-incongruent psychotic features showed evidence of a more severe course, familial aggregation, and suggestive linkage to two chromosomal regions previously implicated in major mental illness susceptibility. The 13q21-33 finding supports prior evidence of bipolar disorder/schizophrenia overlap in this region, while the 2p11-q14 finding is, to the authors' knowledge, the first to suggest that this schizophrenia linkage region might also harbor a bipolar disorder susceptibility gene.