Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategizing Public Sector Human Resource Management: The Implications of Working in Networks

Networks have come to the fore as a means by which government can achieve its strategic objectives, particularly when addressing complex or “wicked” issues. Such joined-up arrangements differ in their operations from other forms of organizing as they require collaborative effort to deliver the collaborative advantage. Strategic Human Resource Management is concerned with the matching of human resource practices to the strategic direction of organizations. It is argued that the strategic direction of government has been towards network involvement and that, as a result, a reconfiguration of Human Resource Management practices is needed to support this new direction. Drawing on eight network case studies findings are presented in relation to the roles government is expected to play in networks and conclusions are drawn about what types of human resource management practices would best support those roles. Implications for Strategic Human Resource Management are posited.
Managing All Quarters of the Compass? How Internally Oriented Managerial Networking Moderates the Impact of Environmental Turbulence on Organizational Performance

The present study seeks to answer the question how, and to what extent, environmental turbulence—measured as percentage change in the number of pupils—affects organizational performance. We examine how different managerial networking orientations moderate the effect of percentage change in number of pupils on school performance. We hypothesize that percentage change in the number of pupils negatively affects school performance. We further hypothesize that different managerial networking orientations moderate the effect of percentage change in the number of pupils on school performance. The hypotheses are tested on a dataset of Dutch primary schools (n = 546), which includes information about school principals, school characteristics, and school performance. Results of the analyses show that our measure of environmental turbulence negatively affects school performance. Moreover, internally oriented networking activities (team involvement and networking for coproduction), rather than externally oriented networking activities, attenuate the negative effect of environmental turbulence on school performance.
Revisiting the Trade-Wage Structure Nexus: A Micro Analysis for Turkey

Abstract This paper analyses the impact of international trade on wages in Turkey using individual-level data. It explicitly accounts for differences in the destination and origin of trade flows as well as their composition. The results suggest that only imports of inputs from developed countries have a positive effect on wages. This effect is higher for high-skilled labour, supporting the skill-enhancing trade hypothesis. While exports to developing countries positively affect wages, especially for low-skilled labour, exports to developed countries exert downward pressure on wages, pointing to a possible impact of competitive pressures from low-wage developing countries in traditional export markets.
In Exponentially Growing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells, rRNA Synthesis Is Determined by the Summed RNA Polymerase I Loading Rate Rather than by the Number of Active Genes

ABSTRACT Genes encoding rRNA are multicopy and thus could be regulated by changing the number of active genes or by changing the transcription rate per gene. We tested the hypothesis that the number of open genes is limiting rRNA synthesis by using an electron microscopy method that allows direct counting of the number of active genes per nucleolus and the number of polymerases per active gene. Two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were analyzed during exponential growth: a control strain with a typical number of rRNA genes (∼143 in this case) and a strain in which the rRNA gene number was reduced to ∼42 but which grows as well as controls. In control strains, somewhat more than half of the genes were active and the mean number of polymerases/gene was ∼50 ± 20. In the 42-copy strain, all rRNA genes were active with a mean number of 100 ± 29 polymerases/gene. Thus, an equivalent number of polymerases was active per nucleolus in the two strains, though the number of active genes varied by twofold, showing that overall initiation rate, and not the number of active genes, determines rRNA transcription rate during exponential growth in yeast. Results also allow an estimate of elongation rate of ∼60 nucleotides/s for yeast Pol I and a reinitiation rate of less than 1 s on the most heavily transcribed genes.
What is community? An evidence-based definition for participatory public health.

Increased emphasis on community collaboration indicates the need for consensus regarding the definition of community within public health. This study examined whether members of diverse US communities described community in similar ways. To identify strategies to support community collaboration in HIV vaccine trials, qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 African Americans in Durham, NC; 26 gay men in San Francisco, Calif; 25 injection drug users in Philadelphia, Pa; and 42 HIV vaccine researchers across the United States. Verbatim responses to the question "What does the word community mean to you? " were analyzed. Cluster analysis was used to identify similarities in the way community was described. A common definition of community emerged as a group of people with diverse characteristics who are linked by social ties, share common perspectives, and engage in joint action in geographical locations or settings. The participants differed in the emphasis they placed on particular elements of the definition. Community was defined similarly but experienced differently by people with diverse backgrounds. These results parallel similar social science findings and confirm the viability of a common definition for participatory public health.
The Hateful and the Obscene: Studies in the Limits of Free Expression

In a series of landmark decisions since 1990, Canadian courts have shaped a distinctive approach to the regulation of obscenity, hate literature, and child pornography. Missing from the debate, however, has been any attempt to determine whether the legal status quo can be justified by reference to a framework of moral/political principles. The Hateful and the Obscene is intended to fill that gap. L.W. Sumner brings philosophical depth and theoretical rigour to some of the most important and difficult questions concerning free expression. Building on a framework set out by J.S. Mill - that a legal restriction of expression is justified only when the expression in question is harmful to others and when the benefits of the restriction will exceed its costs - Sumner shows how the Canadian courts have replicated Mill's framework in their interpretation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Hateful and the Obscene is a compelling interpretation of freedom of expression that combines serious philosophical thought with a focus on Canadian law, thus maintaining the breadth to deal with both obscenity and hate literature.
Modeling the Effects of Culture-Related Variables on the Attitude Towards Advertising

Abstract The study investigates the differences in attitude towards advertising in general in different countries, based on the idea that advertising leverage (return on investment in advertising) for companies that are going global varies from culture to culture. The cultural variables underlying these differences are measured, using the Hofstede's (1980) methodology, and the theoretical and empirical relationship between these variables and the attitude towards advertising is explored. The sample is obtained from three countries highly distinct in terms of cultural and historical traditions, religious backgrounds, and political regimes: USA, Russia, and Iran. The results of the study may be of interest to marketing scientists studying the area of global advertising and integrated marketing communications as well as to managing practitioners operating in international business
Česká politika zaměstnanosti v době krize a po krizi

Kniha se zabýva na zakladě originalnich výzkumů hodnocenim politiky zaměstnanosti v Ceske republice v letech 2008 až 2013. Celkově se ceska politika zaměstnanosti v teto době vzdalovala trendům, jež jsou dlouhodobě v teto oblasti v Evropě a mimo ni prosazovany. Celkově tak nase zjistěni vybizeji k zamysleni nad zkusenosti s uplatňovanim aktivni politiky zaměstnanosti a k přehodnoceni jejiho celkoveho směřovani.
Perceptions of Sustainable Forest Management practices: An Application from the Forestry Sector in Southern Italy

SUMMARY Community perception of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) provides decision makers information useful to define forest policies and strategies. This paper aims to contribute to the SFM discourse and focuses on perception of SFM in a case study (Comunità Montana Matese, Italy). Perceptions and perspectives of forestry sector stakeholders are assessed using a survey methodology based on questionnaires and cognitive maps. “Cognitive mapping” is an approach to strategic thinking in order to explore the values, perspectives and objectives of the stakeholders. A collective cognitive map is used to identify stakeholder groups' perceptions of forest management practices effects on SFM criteria. The knowledge of the stakeholders' perceptions and the cognitive network of forest management practices and SFM criteria were used to compare agreements and disagreements among the categories of stakeholders. Findings of the research can support managers in the development of the forest management strategies.
Portfolio Simulation: A Tool to Support Strategic Management

We show that a quantitative portfolio simulation model can be used effectively in the allocation of investment funds in multibusiness firms. The portfolio simulation model, which is formulated with an extended system dynamics approach, further allows us to show severe limitations of qualitative portfolio approaches, such as that of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). The simulation experiments demonstrate that it can be extremely dangerous for diversified companies to follow the investment suggestions typically drawn from the BCG portfolio matrix if competitors choose a course of action that is contradictory to normative situations. The simulation runs additionally show that in an economic depression a more flexible positioning strategy can yield much better results than the fixed positioning strategy typically used by the BCG.
Differential Assembly of Human Tau Isoforms in the Presence of Arachidonic Acid

Abstract: Six tau isoforms arise from the alternative splicing of a single gene in humans. Insoluble, filamentous deposits of tau protein occur in a number of neuro‐degenerative diseases, and in some of these diseases, the deposition of polymers enriched in certain tau isoforms has been documented. Because of these findings, we have undertaken studies on the efficacy of fatty acid‐induced polymerization of the individual tau isoforms found in the adult human CNS. The polymerization of each tau isoform in the presence of two concentrations of arachidonic acid indicated that isoforms lacking N‐terminal exons e2 and e3 formed small, globular oligomers that did not go on to elongate into straight (SF) or paired helical (PHF) filaments under our buffer conditions. The polymerization of all isoforms containing e2 or e2 and e3 occurred readily at a high arachidonic acid concentration. Conversely, at a lower arachidonic acid concentration, only tau isoforms containing four microtubule binding repeats assembled well. Under all buffer conditions employed, filaments formed from three of the isoforms containing e2 and e3 resembled SFs in morphology but began to form PHF‐like structures following extended incubation at 37°C. These results indicate that polymerization of the intact tau molecule may be facilitated by e2 and e3. Moreover, tau isoforms containing three versus four microtubule binding repeats display different assembly properties depending on the solvent conditions employed.
Fatigue is a relevant outcome in patients with myasthenia gravis

Introduction: Patients with myasthenia gravis often experience fatigue, but its effect on quality of life (QoL) is underestimated, and fatigue is rarely measured in clinical trials. Methods: Two hundred fifty‐seven myasthenic patients completed the Neuro‐QoL‐Fatigue and measures of disease severity and QoL. We studied the relationship between fatigue and clinical and demographic variables. Finally, we studied the responsiveness of the Neuro‐QoL‐Fatigue in 95 patients receiving treatments for myasthenia and estimated the minimal important difference (MID). Results: Fatigue correlated with greater disease severity (r = 0.52–0.69, P < 0.0001) and worse QoL (r = 0.65–0.75, P < 0.0001). Patients in remission, with minimal manifestations, and pure ocular symptoms reported minimal fatigue. Regression modeling showed that, in addition to its relationship with disease severity, fatigue was worse in females, patients with generalized disease, and those with anxiety/depression. Fatigue improved after immunomodulation (P < 0.0001), and the MID was 5.3 points. Discussion: Fatigue in myasthenia correlates with disease severity, affects QoL, and can improve after treatment. Muscle Nerve 58: 197–203, 2018
From hospital to home: the drive to support people with intellectual disabilities in the community

Abstract For over a hundred years, institutional care was the predominant form of state provision for people with intellectual disabilities. This began to change in the second half of the twentieth century as the extent of abuse and deprivation suffered by long-stay hospital residents was repeatedly exposed, and as the legal, civil, and human rights of people with intellectual disabilities came to be recognized. As the drive to develop systems of care and support in the community has gathered pace, different interpretations of ‘community care’ have become apparent. Many residential services, from large residential homes to small group homes, claim to provide community care yet replicate the oppressive and controlling institutional culture of the old long-stay hospitals, while, in other places, innovative and creative support services enable people with intellectual disabilities to determine how, where and with whom they live. It is argued that being properly supported to live ordinary lives as part of their local community, and to access the same facilities, services and opportunities as other citizens, is key to success for people with intellectual disabilities. Living in the community may never be risk-free, but with the right support, it offers levels of self-determination, satisfaction, and safety that cannot be matched.
Dynamics and simulation of compliant motion of a manipulator

A rigid body model for compliant motion of a manipulator is derived. The model is formulated in the joint coordinate frame, and then transformed into the constraint frame to reduce the dimensionality of the model. The proposed model is useful in the simulation of force-controlled manipulators. Examples considering the tasks of a 'peg in a hole' and 'turning a crank' are given. The basic structure of the model is represented in a general framework applicable to many other constrained mechanical systems. A control architecture is suggested, which according to the model leads to exact decoupling of force and position-controlled directions. >
A SIFT-based approach of recognition of remotely mobile phone captured text images

Mobile phones have been the trending and indispensable devices to many people these days. With the advancement of science and technology, inexpensive and versatile phones can be easily found at one's disposal. The field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is also promoted, as OCR mobile applications are increasingly chosen. This paper addresses an approach to solve one challenging issue of OCR, which is, recognition of text images taken by mobile phones at remote distances. These images usually appear in small font size and at low resolution, as a result, yield very poor outcomes when fed to OCR systems. The remote text images are first analyzed using the vertical projection profile. Then the words and characters are extracted, respectively, after determining the location of peaks and space in the graph. Finally, SIFT algorithm is applied in recognition stage, using the low resolution text templates collected, to find the best match for the texts. The results showed an improved performance in OCR recognition rate, compared to OCR reading software.
The Histone Deacetylase Genes HDA1 andRPD3 Play Distinct Roles in Regulation of High-Frequency Phenotypic Switching in Candida albicans

ABSTRACT Five histone deacetylase genes (HDA1, RPD3, HOS1, HOS2, and HOS3) have been cloned fromCandida albicans and characterized. Sequence analysis and comparison with 17 additional deacetylases resulted in a phylogenetic tree composed of three major groups. Transcription of the deacetylases HDA1 and RPD3 is down-regulated in the opaque phase of the white-opaque transition in strain WO-1. HOS3 is selectively transcribed as a 2.5-kb transcript in the white phase and as a less-abundant 2.3-kb transcript in the opaque phase. HDA1 andRPD3 were independently deleted in strain WO-1, and both switching between the white and opaque phases and the downstream regulation of phase-specific genes were analyzed. Deletion ofHDA1 resulted in an increase in the frequency of switching from the white phase to the opaque phase, but had no effect on the frequency of switching from the opaque phase to the white phase. Deletion of RPD3 resulted in an increase in the frequency of switching in both directions. Deletion ofHDA1 resulted in reduced white-phase-specific expression of the EFG1 3.2-kb transcript, but had no significant effect on white-phase-specific expression of WH11 or opaque-phase-specific expression of OP4, SAP1, andSAP3. Deletion of RPD3 resulted in reduced opaque-phase-specific expression of OP4, SAP1, and SAP3 and a slight reduction of white-phase-specific expression of WH11 and 3.2-kbEFG1. Deletion of neither HDA1 norRPD3 affected the high level of white-phase expression and the low level of opaque-phase expression of the MADS box protein gene MCM1, which has been implicated in the regulation of opaque-phase-specific gene expression. In addition, there was no effect on the phase-regulated levels of expression of the other deacetylase genes. These results demonstrate that the two deacetylase genes HDA1 and RPD3 play distinct roles in the suppression of switching, that the two play distinct and selective roles in the regulation of phase-specific genes, and that the deacetylases are in turn regulated by switching.
Money Demand and the Stock Market in a General Equilibrium Model with Variable Velocity

A monetary model of asset pricing is used to explain observed correlations between money velocity and stock prices. Output stocks cause velocity and nominal stock prices to move in opposite directions but may cause velocity and deflated stock prices to move in the same direction. Although monetary shocks are neutral, changes in monetary expectations have real effects because of their impact on the expected purchasing power of money balances carried into the future. Thus changes in expected monetary growth alter expected real equity returns and inflation, and changes in monetary uncertainty alter the equity risk premium.
Unreplicated DNA remaining from unperturbed S phases passes through mitosis for resolution in daughter cells

Significance We provide evidence that in organisms with gigabase-sized genomes, such as humans, one or more stretches of DNA typically remain unreplicated when cells enter mitosis and are segregated to daughter cells via structures called ultrafine anaphase bridges. p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) accumulates at the subsequent DNA structures inherited by each daughter cell in the following G1 phase to facilitate resolution in S phase. We show that the abundance of these structures match theoretical predictions for the number of unreplicated DNA segments when the number of replication origins is artificially increased or decreased. We show that 53BP1 preferentially binds to chromosomal regions with low numbers of replication origins. This work challenges the prevailing view of how genome stability is maintained in proliferating cells. To prevent rereplication of genomic segments, the eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into two nonoverlapping phases. During late mitosis and G1 replication origins are “licensed” by loading MCM2-7 double hexamers and during S phase licensed replication origins activate to initiate bidirectional replication forks. Replication forks can stall irreversibly, and if two converging forks stall with no intervening licensed origin—a “double fork stall” (DFS)—replication cannot be completed by conventional means. We previously showed how the distribution of replication origins in yeasts promotes complete genome replication even in the presence of irreversible fork stalling. This analysis predicts that DFSs are rare in yeasts but highly likely in large mammalian genomes. Here we show that complementary strand synthesis in early mitosis, ultrafine anaphase bridges, and G1-specific p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) nuclear bodies provide a mechanism for resolving unreplicated DNA at DFSs in human cells. When origin number was experimentally altered, the number of these structures closely agreed with theoretical predictions of DFSs. The 53BP1 is preferentially bound to larger replicons, where the probability of DFSs is higher. Loss of 53BP1 caused hypersensitivity to licensing inhibition when replication origins were removed. These results provide a striking convergence of experimental and theoretical evidence that unreplicated DNA can pass through mitosis for resolution in the following cell cycle.
The “Continuously Morphing” Retail TNC During Market Entry: Interpreting Tesco’s Expansion into the United States

abstract One important element of recent conceptualizations of the distinctive nature and challenges of retail transnational corporations (TNCs) is a focus on the mutual transformation of both the markets entered by the retail TNCs and, reciprocally, of the organizational structures of the firms themselves. There are important similarities between this view of ongoing transnational-operation-induced organizational transformation of the retail TNCs and processes that strategic and organizational management scholars describe as “continuous morphing. ” In this article, we provide a theoretically informed study of one of the most dynamic of the retail TNCs (Tesco plc) “morphing” its organizational structures and competencies during a high risk, but potentially transformational, market entry into the western United States. The article positions the study within the rapidly emerging literature on transnational retail and the global economy, interprets the innovative dimensions of Tesco’s U.S. market entry—particularly its attempts to achieve “territorial” and “network embeddedness”—through the conceptual lens recently provided by economic geographers, and assesses ongoing transformational impacts of the entry on the firm. It adds value to the literature on retail foreign direct investment by documenting the ways in which this leading retail TNC has attempted both to reconfigure its existing capabilities and to develop the new capabilities required to support its U.S. market entry via a combination of processes that we describe as transference, splicing, and enhanced imitation.