Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How to build a QA system in your back-garden: application for Romanian

Even though the question answering (QA) field appeared only in recent years, there are systems for English which obtain good results for open-domain questions. The situation is very different for other languages, mainly due to the lack of NLP resources which are normally used by QA systems. In this paper, we present a project which develops a QA system for Romanian. The challenges we face and decisions we have to make are discussed.
Collectivist Values for Discussing and Integrating Opposing Views: An Experiment on Goal Interdependence in China

Collectivist values have been thought to induce conflict avoidance but the evidence supporting this argument has been correlational. In an experiment with 80 participants in South China, protagonists with opposing views in organizations that valued collectivism, compared to individualism, were found to develop cooperative goals. They were also confident that they could work together and make decisions, sought to understand the opposing position by asking questions, demonstrated that they understood the opposing arguments, accepted these arguments as reasonable, and combined positions to create an integrated decision. The experiment also compared participants who valued harmony as a goal where they sought an agreement compared to those who valued harmony as a technique where they pretended to agree in order not to upset each other. However, these inductions were not successful. Results challenge traditional theorizing that collectivist values lead to conflict avoidance and support recent arguments that strong relationships promote the productive discussion of opposing views in decision-making.
Effect of enzyme addition to wheat-, barley- and rye-based diets on nutrient digestibility and performance of laying hens

1. Laying hen performance, egg quality, intestinal viscosity and nutrient apparent digestibility were evaluated with respect to the main cereal used in the diet and dosage rate of a fungal β-glucanase/xylanase enzyme complex. 2. Twelve diets were arranged factorially, with three soluble fibre cereals (SFC); 500 g/kg of wheat or barley or 350 g/kg of rye, and 4 enzyme concentrations (0, 250, 1250 and 2500 mg/kg). An additional control diet based on maize was also included. 3. The use of SFC in the diet instead of maize did not affect egg production or food efficiency, but hens fed on SFC diets exhibited a higher incidence of dirty eggs than hens fed on the maize diet (8·6 vs 4·6%; P<0·01). 4. Laying hens fed on enzyme-supplemented diets produced more eggs (2·1%; P<0·05) and had better food efficiency per dozen eggs (2·5%; P<005) than hens fed on non-supplemented diets. An excess of enzymes in the diet (10 times the recommended dose) did not produce any deleterious effect on laying hen productivity. 5. Enzyme supplementation (ES) reduced intestinal viscosity (P<0·001) and the incidence of dirty eggs (P<0·01). The reduction in viscosity was more pronounced in barley than in wheat or rye diets (P<0·05). 6. Apparent nutrient digestibility in SFC diets was higher with ES, including dry matter (3·1%; P=0·08), fat (4·4%; P<0·001), non-starch polysaccharides (83·3%; P<0·01) and AMEn (2·5%, P<0·01). 7. It is concluded that substitution of maize by SFC is facilitated by ES, especially with respect to egg production, food conversion efficiency and egg shell cleanliness. An excess of enzymes did not produce any deleterious effect on nutrient digestibility or performance of laying hens.
The Role of Inferred Motive in Processing Nonaccommodation: Evaluations of Communication and Speakers

Building on recent revisions to communication accommodation theory (CAT), we propose and test a model relating inferred motives, perceptions of accommodation, and evaluative responses to nonaccommodation. In a vignette scenario, inferring a positive (i.e., helping) motive was found to influence evaluative responses to nonaccommodative communication, and the same communicative behavior was experienced as more accommodative (i.e., appropriately adjusted) to the extent that it was seen as more positively motivated. Our results also indicate that the consistent differences in evaluations of over versus underaccommodation found in previous research can be a result of listeners’ inferences about speakers’ motives.
Nursing implementation science: how evidence-based nursing requires evidence-based implementation.

PURPOSE Evidence is not always used in practice, and many examples of problematic implementation of research into practice exist. The aim of this paper is to provide an introduction and overview of current developments in implementation science and to apply these to nursing. METHODS We discuss a framework for implementation, describe common implementation determinants, and provide a rationale for choosing implementation strategies using the available evidence from nursing research and general health services research. FINDINGS Common determinants for implementation relate to knowledge, cognitions, attitudes, routines, social influence, organization, and resources. Determinants are often specific for innovation, context, and target groups. Strategies focused on individual professionals and voluntary approaches currently dominate implementation research. Strategies such as reminders, decision support, use of information and communication technology (ICT), rewards, and combined strategies are often effective in encouraging implementation of evidence and innovations. Linking determinants to theory-based strategies, however, can facilitate optimal implementation plans. CONCLUSIONS An analytical, deliberate process of clarifying implementation determinants and choosing strategies is needed to improve situations where suboptimal care exists. Use of theory and evidence from implementation science can facilitate evidence-based implementation. More research, especially in the area of nursing, is needed. This research should be focused on the effectiveness of innovative strategies directed to patients, individual professionals, teams, healthcare organizations, and finances. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Implementation of evidence-based interventions is crucial to professional nursing and the quality and safety of patient care.
Correction for “ HDL promotes rapid atherosclerosis regression in mice and alters in fl ammatory properties of plaque monocyte-derived cells

MEDICAL SCIENCES Correction for “HDL promotes rapid atherosclerosis regression in mice and alters inflammatory properties of plaque monocytederived cells,” by Jonathan E. Feig, James X. Rong, Raanan Shamir, Marie Sanson, Yuliya Vengrenyuk, Jianhua Liu, Katey Rayner, Kathryn Moore, Michael Garabedian, and Edward A. Fisher, which appeared in issue 17, April 26, 2011, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (108:7166–7171; first published April 11, 2011; 10.1073/pnas.1016086108). The authors note the following statement should be added to the Acknowledgments: “This work was also supported by National Institutes of Health Training Grant T32HL098129 (to Y.V.). ”
Adaptive self-directed learning support by question generation in a semantic open learning space

The objective of this research is to give learners content-dependent scaffolding during self-directed learning: the system is able to generate content-dependent support adapted to the learners. Learners use a system to perform a learning task in the domain of history. They have to build a concept map containing a chronology using the system. To be able to support, we combined multiple semantic information sources and Wikipedia, for the natural language information, to create a semantic open learning space. The system provides advice by generating questions based on the semantic information and enhancing document based on the Wikipedia corresponding to the semantic information. All the advices are provided on demand and are generated depending on the learner's concept map for adaptive support question generation. The generated questions aim to lead the learners to new knowledge by deepening their understanding.
EDAD, CONSCIENCIA E INTERIORIZACIÓN DEL IDEAL CORPORAL COMO PREDICTORES DE INSATISFACCIÓN Y CONDUCTAS ALIMENTARIAS ANÓMALAS

Este estudio indaga si la edad, la consciencia y la interiorizacion del ideal corporal predicen la insatisfaccion corporal y las conductas alimentarias anomalas, en una muestra de 144 mujeres y 138 hombres, en dos grupos de diferentes edades (9-12 y 13-15 anos). Para tal fin se aplicaron tres cuestionarios: Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal, Test Infantil de Actitudes Alimentarias y Cuestionario de Actitudes Socioculturales hacia la Apariencia. Mediante un modelo hipotetico, que se probo a traves de un path analisis, se concluye que la edad es un predictor directo de la insatisfaccion corporal y las conductas alimentarias anomalas en los hombres, mientras que la interiorizacion del ideal corporal es el principal predictor de la insatisfaccion corporal en ambos sexos.
Change Detection of Hydro-Acoustic Environment for Yangtze Finless Porpoise Using Remote Sensing in Poyang Lake

Recently, the population of Yangtze finless porpoise has been declining. Dredging in Poyang Lake might possibly influence the acoustic environment of the porpoise which relies on echolocation for communication and detection of their prey. A better insight in the spatial distribution of dredging related noise would be useful to assess possible impacts. Traditional in situ measurements of hydro acoustic pollution are however costly to carry out. The aim of this study was to detect change of the hydro-acoustic environment induced by noise from dredging platforms and vessels transporting sand. In situ measurement of the SPL of platforms and vessels and remotely sensed localization of this infrastructure was used to develop a model predicting SPL. The near-infrared bands of ASTER were used to classify active platforms, mobile vessels and other dredging infrastructures. The time interval between the stereo pair (band 3N and 3B) was used to separate mobile vessels from static infrastructure, while the size of objects was used to distinguish active platforms composed of a platform with associated vessels from smaller inactive platforms and immobile vessels. Remotely sensing based noise maps of 2000, 2005 and 2006 revealed an increase in broad bandwidth noise which corresponded to the levels recorded in situ in 2007. The high frequency noise level measured in 2007 differed considerably from the remote sensing based sound predictions. Spectral overlap between the noise generated by the dredging platform and the sound used by porpoise suggests that dredging might possibly influence the echolocation of porpoise. The highly increased SPL in the northern part of Poyang Lake might disturb the behavior of the porpoise, and might isolate the population in Poyang Lake from others. Since there is a high possibility of threatening the survival of the Yangtze finless porpoise by dredging, some measures should be taken to eliminate or alleviate the impacts, such as relocating the dredging activities or replacing the noisy by more silent dredging and transport equipment.
Gas-phase reactions of alcohols with hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) under atmospheric pressure chemical ionization conditions.

RATIONALE Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) is a sensitive peroxide explosive first synthesized in 1885. HMTD exhibits an unusual gas-phase phenomenon in the presence of alcohols that has been previously observed, but incorrectly resolved. We are attempting to determine this specific mechanism. METHODS We used positive ion mode atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) as the interface to the mass spectrometer. HMTD was infused with various solvents including (18) O- and (2) H-labeled methanol in order to determine gas-phase reaction mechanisms. RESULTS Based on these labeled experiments, it was determined that, under APCI conditions, the alcohol oxygen attacks a methylene carbon of HMTD and releases H2 O2 . This was attempted with nine different alcohols and, in each case, the alcohol is fully incorporated into the molecule with the peroxide release. A mechanism for this reaction has been proposed. CONCLUSIONS This work appears to have confirmed the gas-phase reaction mechanism of HMTD with alcohols. As we continue efforts to characterize this unusual molecule, the information may prove useful in determining formation and degradation mechanism(s). In addition, this property of HMTD may find use in other fields of science.
Pen-and-ink rendering in volume visualisation

Concerns the development of non-photorealistic rendering techniques for volume visualisation. In particular, we present two pen-and-ink rendering methods, a 3D method based on non-photorealistic solid textures, and a 2/sup +/D method that involves two rendering phases in the object space and the image space respectively. As both techniques utilize volume- and image-based data representations, they can be built upon a traditional volume rendering pipeline, and can be integrated with the photorealistic methods available in such a pipeline. We demonstrate that such an integration facilitates an effective mechanism for enhancing visualisation and its interpretation.
Technology Education: AKA Industrial Arts

Pullias (1989) identified three viewpoints individuals may take regarding the implementation of technology education. One, which will be referred to as the “revolutionary” position here, proposes “to discard the old and begin fresh. ” (p. 3-4). Another, perhaps “evolutionary,” view prefers “to keep part of the old, install part of the new, and ‘ease’ into full implementation” (p. 3). The third position “is to disguise what we have been doing for years and try to make it look like a new curriculum” (p. 3). These viewpoints can be correlated directly to positions one may take relative to the historical relationship between industrial arts and technology education. For example, those who hold a revolutionary historical view find few similarities between industrial arts and technology education. Pullias, for example, argued that “blinders are going to have to be removed and educators are going to have to accept the fact that technology education is something totally new. Technology education is not a remake of industrial arts. ” (1992, p. 4). Those holding the evolutionary point of view also see technology education as something new. But they point to industrial arts as the progenitor of technology education. Dugger (1985) suggested a major event as the cause of technology education when he noted that “industrial arts education has undergone a tremendous curriculum thrust that has become identified as technology education” (p. 2). Echoing Dugger, Waetjen wrote:
AN URBAN ENCOUNTER

Computing research has long been interested in location-aware mobile games, such as hybrid reality games, location-based games and urban games. With an increasingly pervasive IT infrastructure and comparatively affordable mobile devices, such games are becoming part of everyday play around the world. A study of an urban night-game called Encounter widely played in the Former Soviet Union and the Russian-speaking Diaspora is presented. The ways in which IT enables a complex interaction between the local experience of play in the urban environment and the geographically distributed nature of the player community are considered. The findings illustrate how this form of location-aware mobile game-play pulled together local engagement and global player communities into socio-technical assemblages, showing the interplay between local attachments, distant connections and the location-based communication in daily experience. The most important outcome of these games then was not the direct individual engagement with the urban environment through technology or the collaboration with strangers in the course of play (although these were the necessary prerequisites), but the social relationships that, while gained in-game, could be leveraged for civic engagement, belonging and mutual support. While the local, physical experience of the everyday and the game was important, the connections to the distributed community resulted in expanded horizons and changed the nature of the local experience as players felt they could belong to something larger than the locales they physically inhabited.
The implicit theories of intelligence of English adolescents identified as gifted and talented

An implicit theory of intelligence is a belief about the stability of intelligence – whether it is a fixed and innate trait (entity) or a malleable trait that can be manipulated through behaviour (incremental). Dweck & Leggett‟s (1988) model suggests that the theory which an individual holds can have a profound effect on their intrinsic motivation, achievement goals and academic achievement. Though there is support for this model in general, there is no conclusive evidence about whether it applies to the gifted and talented. This thesis tests the model with gifted and talented students quantitatively using a questionnaire (N=417) and explores the themes qualitatively with fourteen of these students using semi-structured email interviews. The data suggests that the theoretical framework does not fully apply to gifted and talented students. Two findings could explain this: a) participants showed high levels of motivation by endorsing both performance and learning goals b) the interview participants expressed quite complex beliefs about intelligence that defied categorization. Overall this thesis supports the need for a personalized approach to teaching the gifted and talented which allows them to maintain both positive performance and positive learning goals.
Oriented cell divisions in the extending germband of Drosophila

Tissue elongation is a general feature of morphogenesis. One example is the extension of the germband, which occurs during early embryogenesis in Drosophila. In the anterior part of the embryo, elongation follows from a process of cell intercalation. In this study, we follow cell behaviour at the posterior of the extending germband. We find that, in this region, cell divisions are mostly oriented longitudinally during the fast phase of elongation. Inhibiting cell divisions prevents longitudinal deformation of the posterior region and leads to an overall reduction in the rate and extent of elongation. Thus, as in zebrafish embryos, cell intercalation and oriented cell division together contribute to tissue elongation. We also show that the proportion of longitudinal divisions is reduced when segmental patterning is compromised, as, for example, in even skipped (eve) mutants. Because polarised cell intercalation at the anterior germband also requires segmental patterning, a common polarising cue might be used for both processes. Even though, in fish embryos, both mechanisms require the classical planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, germband extension and oriented cell divisions proceed normally in embryos lacking dishevelled (dsh), a key component of the PCP pathway. An alternative means of planar polarisation must therefore be at work in the embryonic epidermis.
Real Time Classification of Viruses in 12 Dimensions

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of viruses. Thus far, the detailed classifications for all viruses are neither complete nor free from dispute. For example, the current missing label rates in GenBank are 12.1% for family label and 30.0% for genus label. Using the proposed Natural Vector representation, all 2,044 single-segment referenced viral genomes in GenBank can be embedded in . Unlike other approaches, this allows us to determine phylogenetic relations for all viruses at any level (e.g., Baltimore class, family, subfamily, genus, and species) in real time. Additionally, the proposed graphical representation for virus phylogeny provides a visualization of the distribution of viruses in . Unlike the commonly used tree visualization methods which suffer from uniqueness and existence problems, our representation always exists and is unique. This approach is successfully used to predict and correct viral classification information, as well as to identify viral origins; e.g. a recent public health threat, the West Nile virus, is closer to the Japanese encephalitis antigenic complex based on our visualization. Based on cross-validation results, the accuracy rates of our predictions are as high as 98.2% for Baltimore class labels, 96.6% for family labels, 99.7% for subfamily labels and 97.2% for genus labels.
Spatial Information Based Image Segmentation Using a Modified Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

This article proposes a particle swarm based segmentation algorithm for automatically grouping the pixels of an image into different homogeneous regions. In contrast to most of the existing evolutionary image segmentation techniques, we have incorporated spatial information into the membership function for clustering. The spatial function is the summation of the membership function in the neighborhood of each pixel under consideration. The two very important advantages of the new method are: 1) it does not require a priori knowledge of the number of partitions in the image and 2) it yields regions, more homogeneous than the existing methods even in presence of noise
Neuroanatomy: Text and Atlas

1. Organization of the Central Nervous System 2. Structural and Functional Organization of the Central Nervous System 3. Vasculature of the Central Nervous System and Cerebrospinal Fluid 4. Somatic Sensation: Spinal Mechanosensory System 5. Somatic Sensation: Spinal systems for Pain, Temperature, and Itch 6. Somatic Sensation: Trigeminal and Viscerosensory Systems 7. The Visual System 8. The Auditory System 9. Chemical Senses: Taste and Smell 10. Descending Motor Pathways and the Motor Functions of the Spinal Cord 11. Cranial Nerve Motor Nuclei and Brain Stem Motor Functions 12. The Vestibular and Oculomotor Systems 13. The Cerebellum 14. The Basal Ganglia 15. The Hypothalamus and Regulation of Bodily Functions 16. The Limbic System and Cerebral Circuits for Emotions, Learning, and Memory
Content delivery via multi-server coded caching in linear networks

We consider a content delivery network where multiple servers are connected to multiple cache-enabled clients. Clients request their corresponding contents from the servers and servers collaboratively transmit packets to fulfill all the requests. It is assumed that some contents are stored in the caches in off-peak time of the network without knowing the actual requests, the so called cache content placement phase. The goal is to minimize the worst case delay in the content delivery phase. Considering a random linear network, we propose a coding strategy which exploits servers' multiplexing gains as well as caches' global and local coding gains. The main idea in our coding scheme is to expand the number of users benefiting from a single packet by using zero-forcing techniques. This results in an increase in multi-casting gain which in turn provides faster delivery of the contents to the users. In addition, we show that our scheme is optimal for a certain regime of parameters.
Using narrative in social research: qualitative and quantitative approaches

Narrative and Research in the Social Sciences Listening to People's Stories The Use of Narrative in Qualitative Interviews Interpreting People's Stories Narrative Approaches to the Analysis of Qualitative Data Collecting Quantitative Narratives - A Contradiction in Terms? Statistical Stories? The Use of Narrative in Quantitative Analysis Uncovering and Understanding Causal Effects and Processes Narrative and Identity Constructions of the Subject in Qualitative and Quantitative Research The Ethical and Political Implications of Using Narrative in Research The Researcher as Narrator Reflexivity in Qualitative and Quantitative Research Telling Better Stories? Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Research