Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Somatic Mosaicism in Cases with Small Supernumerary Marker Chromosomes

Somatic mosaicism is something that is observed in everyday lives of cytogeneticists. Chromosome instability is one of the leading causes of large-scale genome variation analyzable since the correct human chromosome number was established in 1956. Somatic mosaicism is also a well-known fact to be present in cases with small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC), i.e. karyotypes of 47,+mar/46. In this study, the data available in the literature were collected concerning the frequency mosaicism in different subgroups of patients with sSMC. Of 3124 cases with sSMC 1626 (52%) present with somatic mosaicism. Some groups like patients with Emanuel-, cat-eye- or i(18p)- syndrome only tend rarely to develop mosaicism, while in Pallister-Killian syndrome every patient is mosaic. In general, acrocentric and non-acrocentric derived sSMCs are differently susceptible to mosaicism; non-acrocentric derived ones are hereby the less stable ones. Even though, in the overwhelming majority of the cases, somatic mosaicism does not have any detectable clinical effects, there are rare cases with altered clinical outcomes due to mosaicism. This is extremely important for prenatal genetic counseling. Overall, as mosaicism is something to be considered in at least every second sSMC case, array-CGH studies cannot be offered as a screening test to reliably detect this kind of chromosomal aberration, as low level mosaic cases and cryptic mosaics are missed by that.
SPATIAL DATA MANAGEMENT BASED ON STANDARDS AND OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS

In order to create a geospatial data infrastructure (GDI), it is necessary to solve complex organizational, legal and technological issues. Currently, there is a number of multi-purpose commercial GIS, the most common of which are ArcGIS (www.arcgis.com), MapInfo (www.mapinfo.ru), GIS Panorama, etc. These GIS can store, manage, publish maps and map layers of indefinite scale and complexity. They have powerful functionality; through their use one can solve almost any application tasks. However, the high cost of the GIS and the high level of qualifications required in the projects push many users to consider other options. We offer the efficient technology for GDI management by building an integrated domain object model in the form of appropriate classifiers and by developing spatial data storage and geo-portal on their basis. GDI in Russia has been created over almost ten years. [1] There are numerous external and internal reasons due to which the goal of building a global geospatial data infrastructure has not been reached on a nationwide scale up to the present moment. There are some infrastructures covering a particular industry or area, but They are usually autonomous and isolated. According to the conclusions of the UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management [2]: 1. The growing number of sensors in everyday devices which collect and provide geospatial information will increase and alter the dynamics of data collection. This will also increase the role of geospatial data, both active and passive, creation and collection by citizens. 2. Free and open access to data will become a standard and geospatial information will increasingly be seen as an essential public good. 3. Monopolies held by National Mapping Agencies in some areas of specialized geospatial data will be eroded completely.
Towards Extracting Semantically Meaningful Key Frames From Personal Video Clips: From Humans to Computers

Extracting key frames from video is of great interest in many applications, such as video summary, video organization, video compression, and prints from video. Key frame extraction is not a new problem but existing literature has focused primarily on sports or news video. In the personal or consumer video space, the biggest challenges for key frame selection are the unconstrained content and lack of any pre-imposed structures. First, in a psychovisual study, we conduct ground truth collection of key frames from video clips taken by digital cameras (as opposed to camcorders) using both first- and third-party judges. The goals of this study are to: 1) create a reference database of video clips reasonably representative of the consumer video space; 2) identify consensus key frames by which automated algorithms can be compared and judged for effectiveness, i.e., ground truth; and 3) uncover the criteria used by both first- and third-party human judges so these criteria can influence algorithm design. Next, we develop an automatic key frame extraction method dedicated to summarizing consumer video clips acquired from digital cameras. Analysis of spatio-temporal changes over time provides semantically meaningful information about the scene and the camera operator's general intents. In particular, camera and object motion are estimated and used to derive motion descriptors. A video clip is segmented into homogeneous parts based on major types of camera motion (e.g., pan, zoom, pause, steady). Dedicated rules are used to extract candidate key frames from each segment. In addition, confidence measures are computed for the candidates to enable ranking in semantic relevance. This method is scalable so that one can produce any desired number of key frames from the candidates. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by comparing the results with two alternative methods against the ground truth agreed by multiple judges.
Gene transfer to the rat kidney in vivo and ex vivo using an adenovirus vector: factors influencing transgene expression.

BACKGROUND The characteristics of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into the kidney are not well examined. We studied the effects of contact time and temperature on adenovirus-mediated transgene expression in rat kidneys, using catheter-based in vivo gene transfer and a rat renal transplant model ex vivo. METHODS An adenovirus vector containing the luciferase (Ad-Luc) or beta-galactosidase (Ad-LacZ) gene was introduced in vivo into the kidney via a renal artery catheter. Various contact times and temperatures were evaluated. Ex vivo, the renal graft was injected with Ad-Luc through the renal artery, chilled for 60 min and then transplanted. Luciferase expression was evaluated periodically by a non-invasive bioimaging system or histology. Cells expressing the LacZ gene were identified by immunoelectron microscopy. RESULTS In in vivo gene transfer, successful transgene expression was achieved; however, its efficiency was independent of contact time or temperature. In ex vivo gene transfer, transgene expression in the renal graft peaked early and gradually decreased. Strong gene expression was observed in the recipients' livers. LacZ expression was detected in fibroblasts, parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule, mesangial cells, podocytes and tubular cells. CONCLUSIONS This study generated new information about in vivo and ex vivo gene transfer into the kidney, which would be useful for renal gene therapy.
Effects of cadmium exposure on Iberian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles waltl) testes

To characterize the histomorphologic effects of cadmium on adult newt testes, male Iberian ribbed newts (6 months post-hatching) were intraperitoneally exposed to a single dose of 50 mg/kg of cadmium, with histologic analysis of the testes at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. Beginning 24 h after cadmium exposure, apoptosis of spermatogonia and spermatocytes was observed, and congestion was observed in the interstitial vessels of the testes. Throughout the experimental period, the rates of pyknotic cells and TUNEL and cleaved caspase-3 positivity were significantly higher in the spermatogonia and spermatocytes of cadmium-treated newts compared with control newts. There were no significant differences between cadmium-treated and control newts in phospho-histone H3 positivity in the spermatogonia and spermatocytes. These results suggest that spermatogonia and spermatocytes in adult Iberian ribbed newts are highly sensitive to cadmium. This is the first report of the histomorphologic characteristics of cadmium-induced testicular dysfunction in newts.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 2005 Building and Maintaining Alliances in SPI Projects : Implications for Organizing Effective SPI

Software Process Improvement projects face a double challenge: On the one hand are these projects often major organizational change projects requiring considerable investments in terms of time and money. The group charged with conducting an SPI project has, on the other hand, little formal authority to influence or force software professionals to engage in SPI work and define and implement changes. In this research in progress paper, we present first results from our analysis of how an SPI group can use alliances to obtain influence and induce change. Our analysis shows that the concept of alliances is useful both to understand organizational influence and to provide practical advice for practitioners involved in organizational processes such as SPI.
On the performance of turbo product codes over partial response channels

This paper evaluates the performance of single-parity check turbo product codes (TPC/SPC) over partial response channels. A rate-0.94 and a rate-0.89 TPC/SPC code are considered for use with PR4/EPR4 channels with proper precoding and with turbo equalization. Gains of 4.5 to 5 dB are obtained at BER of 10/sup -5/, revealing performance comparable to that of low density parity check codes. Apart from its linear encoding/decoding complexity and highly parallelizable decoding algorithm, TPC/SPC codes demonstrate favorable error statistics which are in harmony with the outer Reed-Solomon error correction code (RS-ECC), indicating it to be a promising candidate for future recording systems.
Images of self and spinal cord injury: exploring drawing as a visual method in disability research

This article describes the use of drawings in a research project aimed at understanding the personal experience of spinal cord injury. The article briefly reviews the use of visual methods in disability research, and then describes the specific procedures used to elicit and analyze two sets of drawings: ‘draw your self’ and ‘draw how you see spinal cord injury in your mind’. The drawings were a small but essential part of a larger study focused on the community integration and participation of adults (n = 160) with spinal cord injury. Despite the challenges posed by this method for research participants with paralysis, the drawings provided unique insight into the personal meanings of spinal cord injury and how this injury is understood and represented to others. Using examples of participants' own drawings, we show how elicited drawings are a useful adjunct to traditional interview methods in studies of disability.
Organ‐specific efficacy of HSP90 inhibitor in multiple‐organ metastasis model of chemorefractory small cell lung cancer

Small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for nearly 15% of lung cancer cases and exhibits aggressive clinical behavior characterized by rapid growth and metastatic spread to multiple organs. About 70% of patients with SCLC present with extensive disease and distant metastases at diagnosis. HSP90 is a 90‐kDa molecular chaperone whose association is required for the stability and function of its numerous “client proteins. ” Here, we assessed the therapeutic potential of the HSP90 inhibitor 17‐DMAG in SCLC. Notably, 17‐DMAG hindered the viability of human SCLC cell lines—regardless of their chemosensitivity—via the decreased expression of client proteins, including the proto‐oncogene c‐Raf (also known as RAF1). In an in vivo imaging model of SCLC multiple‐organ metastasis with the human SCLC cell line SBC‐5, treatment with 17‐DMAG remarkably inhibited the formation of metastatic sites in the liver, but was ineffective in hindering the progression of bone lesions. The latter was likely the result of activation of osteoclasts. IGF‐1, which is supposed to be rich in bone environment, preserved c‐Raf expression and maintained viability of SBC‐5 cells treated with 17‐DMAG. Furthermore, the combined use of a bisphosphonate with 17‐DMAG significantly attenuated the progression of metastases in both the liver and the bone. These findings suggest that therapeutic effects of HSP90 inhibitors may be organ‐specific and should be carefully monitored in SCLC clinical trials.
Use of upper bound delay estimate in stability analysis and robust control compensation in networked control systems

Abstract Recent interest in networked control systems (NCS) has instigated research in various areas of both communication networks and control. The analysis of NCS has often been performed either from the network, or the control point of view and not many papers exist were the analysis of both is done in the same context. Here an overall analysis is presented. In the paper the procedure of obtaining the upper bound delay value in the switched Ethernet network is proposed and the obtained delay estimate is used in stability analysis of the feedback loop and in the control compensation. The upper bound delay algorithm is based on the network calculus theory, the stability analysis uses the small gain theorem, and control compensating strategy is based on Smith predictor, where however the upper bound delay is utilised in obtaining the delay estimate.
Scoring satisfaction among patients, attending ART Centre of a medical college in north-west India

Patient satisfaction is a measurable concept comprising multidimensional elements such as access to care, quality of the provider patient interpersonal relationship and affordability of care. This further influences the decisions to seek care and outcomes of diseases. Although stigma and discrimination are potential barriers to effective implementation of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme, higher satisfaction levels of patients are also crucial for treatment adherence. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the ART centre of IG Medical College, Shimla from November 2008 through May 2009. Three hundred and eighty four consecutive adult (≥18 years) patients attending the ART centre and on ART who consented to participate in the study were enrolled. Of the 384 patients, 209 (54.4%) were males. Majority were in the age bracket of 25–44 years. About 61.6% of the patients were satisfied to the services being provided. Mean Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) scores were the highest for technical quality of care and lowest for financial aspects. About 69.4% of the patients were satisfied towards their care provider. Although a majority of the patients were satisfied, several areas of patient care need improvement.
Monitoring Transport Across Modified Nanoporous Alumina Membranes

This paper describes the use of several characterization methods to examine alumina nanotubule membranes that have been modified with specific silanes. The function of these silanes is to alter the transport properties through the membrane by changing the local environment inside the alumina nanotube. The presence of alkyl groups, either long (C18) or short and branched (isopropyl) hydrocarbon chains, on these silanes significantly decreases the rate of transport of permeant molecules through membranes containing alumina nanotubes as monitored via absorbance spectroscopy. The presence of an ionic surfactant can alter the polarity of these modified nanotubes, which correlates to an increased transport of ions. Fluorescent spectroscopy is also utilized to enhance the sensitivity of detecting these permeant molecules. Confirmation of the alkylsilane attachment to the alumina membrane is achieved with traditional infrared spectroscopy, which can also examine the lifetime of the modified membrane. The physical parameters of these silane-modified porous alumina membranes are studied via scanning electron microscopy. The alumina nanotubes are not physically closed off or capped by the silanes that are attached to the alumina surfaces.
Safety of Lyophilized SAG2 Oral Rabies Vaccine in Collared Lemmings

Fifteen collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) were exposed to a lyophilized oral rabies vaccine designed to immunize wild carnivore populations. No animals contracted rabies from the vaccine as determined by the absence of clinical signs after 37 days and lack of rabies virus in brain tissue determined by the fluorescent antibody (FA) test. These results suggest that collared lemmings would not contract rabies if they ingested this lyophilized vaccine in the wild during bait vaccination programs for arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus).
Cooperative Regulatory Enforcement and the Politics of Administrative Effectiveness

Even when political interests control bureaucratic outputs, the control of policy outcomes is complicated by trade-offs between controllable versus effective implementation strategies. I use a nested game framework to explain why a cooperative strategy can increase enforcement effectiveness in the narrow administrative game and why principal-agent control problems and collective action problems associated with the strategy lead policy beneficiaries to oppose the effective strategy in the broader political games. Analyses of state-level Occupational Safety and Health Administration enforcement provide evidence that cooperation does enhance the impact of enforcement in reducing workplace injury rates but that policy beneficiaries oppose and sabotage cooperation. The interactions between administrative effectiveness and interest group politics in this and other implementation situations require that both be analyzed simultaneously, and the nested game framework can provide a systematic approach to such analyses.
RYDBERG ATOMS AND RADIATION IN A RESONANT CAVITY II. EXPERIMENTS

We present various experiments involving Rydberg atoms interacting with resonant microwave electromagnetic fields inside a cavity, allowing to check different features of the theory presented in the previous paper. We first describe experiments about superradiant emission by Rydberg states in the cavity, also called transient Rydberg atoms maser; the evolution of the system is detected either on the populations by selective field ionization technique or on the microwave field itself by heterodyne detection. Very low thresholds, down to 100 atoms, for the maser emission have been observed. We then describe various aspects of collective absorption of radiation by very excited atoms including the observation of Rabi nutation in a small applied resonant field, the study of the quantum efficiency of this set-up considered as a microwave photon counter, and finally the unexpected characteristics of the blackbody radiation absorption in the cavity. In this second paper, we present various experiments on Rydberg states interacting with resonant millimetric electromagnetic waves inside a cavity. These experiments show various interesting physical effects calculated in the previous paper and provide a test for the theoretical models. In a first paragraph, we will describe the experimental techniques which are common to all the experiments that will be presented afterwards. We will devote the second paragraph to an experimental study of the different characteristics of the collective Rydberg atom transient emission in the cavity (the "Rydberg atom maser"). In the last paragraph, we will describe several experiments involving the absorption of radiation by very excited states in the cavity and showing the collective behaviour of the Rydberg atoms in this absorption process. 1. Experimental techniques 1.1. P£ep_ar. ation_of_the_p_hy_sicaX_sy_stem In order to prepare the physical system which has been theoretically studied in the previous paper, i.e. a set of 2-level Rydberg atoms in resonant interaction with an electromagnetic mode inside a cavity, we use the experimental set-up which Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1051/jphyscol:1982221
Perceptions of Personal Sex Discrimination: The Role of Belief in a Just World and Situational Ambiguity

ABSTRACT The roles of belief in a just world (BJW) and discrimination against ones' group in perceptions of personal discrimination were examined. Female participants (n = 63) were personally discriminated against in a laboratory setting. We manipulated whether the experimenter appeared to discriminate against other participants, which presumably made the presence of personal discrimination less ambiguous, or did not appear to discriminate against others, which presumably made personal discrimination more ambiguous. In the no group discrimination condition, but not in the group discrimination condition, participants' perceptions of being personally discriminated against depended on individual differences in BJW: Women with a strong BJW perceived less personal discrimination than those with a weak BJW. Also, strong BJW women in the group discrimination condition perceived less personal discrimination than strong BJW women in the no group discrimination condition.
A Survey on optimization approaches to text document clustering

Text Document Clustering is one of the fastest growing research areas because of availability of huge amount of information in an electronic form. There are several number of techniques launched for clustering documents in such a way that documents within a cluster have high intra-similarity and low inter-similarity to other clusters. Many document clustering algorithms provide localized search in effectively navigating, summarizing, and organizing information. A global optimal solution can be obtained by applying high-speed and high-quality optimization algorithms. The optimization technique performs a globalized search in the entire solution space. In this paper, a brief survey on optimization approaches to text document clustering is turned out.
Skill-based visual parking control using neural and fuzzy networks

This paper presents an approach for acquisition and transfer of an experienced driver's skills to an automatic parking controller. The controller processes visual input information from a video sensor and generates the corresponding steering commands. Two neural control architectures are considered. In the direct neural control architecture the controller is a single artificial neural network. In the fuzzy hybrid control architecture the controller is configured as a combination of an artificial neural network and a fuzzy network. Both control architectures are experimentally validated with a mobile robot.
RESOURCE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE FOR MUTIMEDIA SENSOR NETWORKS IWAIT2009

Sensor network has been a hot research topic for the past decade and has moved its phase into using multimedia sensors such as cameras and microphones [1]. Combining many types of sensor data will lead to more accurate and precise information of the environment. However, the use of sensor network data is still limited to closed circumstances. Thus, in this paper, we propose a web-service based framework to deploy multimedia sensor networks. In order to unify different types of sensor data and also to support heterogeneous client applications, we used ROA (Resource Oriented Architecture [2]).
Police Employee Disciplinary Matrix

This article explores the concept of a rational sentencing structure for imposing internal police discipline that helps practitioners make more reasoned and consistent decisions when dispensing discipline. The data consists of 360 hr of participant observation of police trials involving sworn police officers and civilian employees in the Newark, New Jersey Police Department. Various agency records provide an understanding of the formal influences surrounding police discipline. The findings suggest a disciplinary sentencing matrix is more rational than the traditional discretionary method, which is largely informal and relies on best estimates. The matrix may increase consistency in disciplinary sentences, which is an important aspect of organizational justice that leaves police employees with a sense of fairness in management’s disciplinary decisions.