Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The optimal discovery procedure: a new approach to simultaneous significance testing

Summary. The Neyman–Pearson lemma provides a simple procedure for optimally testing a single hypothesis when the null and alternative distributions are known. This result has played a major role in the development of significance testing strategies that are used in practice. Most of the work extending single‐testing strategies to multiple tests has focused on formulating and estimating new types of significance measures, such as the false discovery rate. These methods tend to be based on p‐values that are calculated from each test individually, ignoring information from the other tests. I show here that one can improve the overall performance of multiple significance tests by borrowing information across all the tests when assessing the relative significance of each one, rather than calculating p‐values for each test individually. The ‘optimal discovery procedure’ is introduced, which shows how to maximize the number of expected true positive results for each fixed number of expected false positive results. The optimality that is achieved by this procedure is shown to be closely related to optimality in terms of the false discovery rate. The optimal discovery procedure motivates a new approach to testing multiple hypotheses, especially when the tests are related. As a simple example, a new simultaneous procedure for testing several normal means is defined; this is surprisingly demonstrated to outperform the optimal single‐test procedure, showing that a method which is optimal for single tests may no longer be optimal for multiple tests. Connections to other concepts in statistics are discussed, including Stein's paradox, shrinkage estimation and the Bayesian approach to hypothesis testing.
Multiplex Degenerate Primer Design for Targeted Whole Genome Amplification of Many Viral Genomes

Background. Targeted enrichment improves coverage of highly mutable viruses at low concentration in complex samples. Degenerate primers that anneal to conserved regions can facilitate amplification of divergent, low concentration variants, even when the strain present is unknown. Results. A tool for designing multiplex sets of degenerate sequencing primers to tile overlapping amplicons across multiple whole genomes is described. The new script, run_tiled_primers, is part of the PriMux software. Primers were designed for each segment of South American hemorrhagic fever viruses, tick-borne encephalitis, Henipaviruses, Arenaviruses, Filoviruses, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Rift Valley fever virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus. Each group is highly diverse with as little as 5% genome consensus. Primer sets were computationally checked for nontarget cross reactions against the NCBI nucleotide sequence database. Primers for murine hepatitis virus were demonstrated in the lab to specifically amplify selected genes from a laboratory cultured strain that had undergone extensive passage in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions. This software should help researchers design multiplex sets of primers for targeted whole genome enrichment prior to sequencing to obtain better coverage of low titer, divergent viruses. Applications include viral discovery from a complex background and improved sensitivity and coverage of rapidly evolving strains or variants in a gene family.
A Categorization of Computer Clocks

A funeral product display case for displaying facsimiles of such funeral products as burial caskets, cremation caskets, cremation containers, cremation urns and the like in a funeral home display area for purposes of offering for sale the funeral products to customers of the funeral home comprises a cabinet mountable to a wall of the funeral home display area and having interconnected back, top, bottom and side walls. A door is pivoted to a side edge of the cabinet and is movable to and between an open position wherein the contents of the cabinet are viewable and a closed position wherein the contents of the cabinet are concealed. A first sheet-like member is removably received against the back wall of the cabinet and includes a decorative front, a back and a plurality of apertures therein. A plurality of facsimiles of funeral home products such as burial caskets, cremation caskets, cremation containers, cremation urns and the like are removably secured to the back of the first sheet-like member, and are positioned on the first sheet-like member back so as to be viewable through the apertures when the door is in the open position. A second sheet-like member which is transparent removably overlies the first sheet-like member.
Study on topic segmenting method in automatic abstracting system

Topic segmenting is an important problem in text structure analysis in automatic abstracting system. In order to get a higher quality abstract, we establish a vector space model based on simple semantic analysis for origin article, and then design an algorithm to find the borderlines between different topics by two sliding windows. Experimental results indicate that the method is feasible and useful.
Two Statistical Models on European and Croatian Information Society

The Council of the European Union (EU) defined information society (IS) with new Strategy i2010 for information and communication technology (ICT). Eurostat has European statistics for EU countries. Central bureau of statistics of Croatia and IDC Adriatics have numerical data benchmark indicators for information society for Croatia as candidate country. In our paper we use eight numerical data variables in two statistical models. Factor analysis model looks for the most important variables for information society. Causal structure model defines causal relation between these variables for development of information society in EU and Croatia.
Inferring Protein-Protein Interactions from Protein Domain Combinations

A goal of contemporary proteome research is the elucidation of the protein-protein interactions in the cell. Based on currently available protein-protein interaction and domain data of S. cerevisiae, we introduce a novel method, Maximum Specificity Set Cover (MSSC), to predict protein-protein interactions. This algorithm features two stages: First, we select high quality proteinprotein interactions based on a clustering measure. Second, we use MSSC to assign probabilities to domain pairs. MSSC is also modified to include the possibility of having more than one domain from each protein causing the protein-protein interaction. This approach allows us to predict previously unknown protein-protein interactions with a degree of sensitivity and specificity that clearly out-scores other approaches. We find that the predicted interaction network preserves the characteristics of the initial web of protein-protein interactions. We also observe high levels of coexpression among putative interactions. We extend our method to infer protein-protein interactions in multicellular organisms where interaction data currently does not exist. Starting from predictions in yeast, we find a set of orthologous interactions in A. thaliana, C. elegans, D. melanogaster, M. musculus, and H. sapiens.
Modeling Dynamical Dark Energy

Cosmological models with different types of dark energy are becoming viable alternatives for standard models with the cosmological constant, yet such models are more difficult to analyze and to simulate. We present analytical approximations and discuss ways of making simulations for two families of models, which cover a wide range of possibilities and include models with both slow- and fast-changing ratio w = p/ρ. More specifically, we give analytical expressions for the evolution of the matter density parameter Ωm(z) and the virial density contrast Δc at any redshift z. The latter is used to identify halos and to find their virial masses. We also provide an approximation for the linear growth factor of linear fluctuations between redshift z = 40 and 0. This is needed to set the normalization of the spectrum of fluctuations. Finally, we discuss the expected behavior of the halo mass function and its time evolution.
Globally Sparse Probabilistic PCA

With the flourishing development of highdimensional data, sparse versions of principal component analysis (PCA) have imposed themselves as simple, yet powerful ways of selecting relevant features in an unsupervised manner. However, when several sparse principal components are computed, the interpretation of the selected variables may be difficult since each axis has its own sparsity pattern and has to be interpreted separately. To overcome this drawback, we propose a Bayesian procedure that allows to obtain several sparse components with the same sparsity pattern. To this end, using Roweis’ probabilistic interpretation of PCA and an isotropic Gaussian prior on the loading matrix, we provide the first exact computation of the marginal likelihood of a Bayesian PCA model. In order to avoid the drawbacks of discrete model selection, we propose a simple relaxation of our framework which allows to find a path of models using a variational expectation-maximization algorithm. The exact marginal likelihood can eventually be maximized over this path, relying on Occam’s razor to select the relevant variables. Since the sparsity pattern is common to all components, we call this approach globally sparse probabilistic PCA (GSPPCA). Its usefulness is illustrated on synthetic data sets and on several real unsupervised feature selection problems. Appearing in Proceedings of the 19 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 2016, Cadiz, Spain. JMLR: W&CP volume 51. Copyright 2016 by the authors.
The Mining of Term Semantic Relationships and its Application in Text Classification

This paper proposes an approach for mining the semantic relationships between terms. Using a dependency model based on syntactic parsing, the syntactic features of a term are first extracted from large scale corpus, and then the vector representation for this term is constructed. By the cosine similarities between vectors, we can get the semantically related words for a term. We apply the semantic knowledge to document vector representation in text classification. The experiment on the standard data sets shows that our approach gets a better performance compared with the traditional classifiers.
Enhanced Inflammatory Activity of Endometriotic Lesions from the Rectovaginal Septum

Endometriosis is characterised by the growth of ectopic lesions at multiple locations outside the uterine cavity and may be considered a collection of distinct but related conditions. The exact aetiology of endometriosis is still not clear although a role for inflammation is increasingly accepted. We therefore investigated the inflammatory activity of eutopic tissue and that of the matching ectopic lesions from different locations by measuring the genetic expression of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. The gene expression in matching eutopic and ectopic tissue was compared, as was the gene expression in lesions from different locations. A significantly higher mRNA expression of the chemokines ENA-78 and RANTES and the cytokines IL-6 and TNFα was observed in endometriotic lesions of the rectovaginal septum (RVS) compared to that of matching eutopic tissue. Comparisons across lesion locations showed a significantly higher expression of IL-6 and TNFα in the RVS compared to lesions from either the ovaries or the peritoneum. These results show that the production of some inflammatory chemokines and cytokines is significantly increased in the ectopic endometrial tissue compared to matching eutopic tissue. Furthermore, IL-6 and TNFα are produced in significantly higher quantities in RVS lesions compared to other lesions.
Effects of Postoperative Continuous Femoral Nerve Block Analgesia with Braun Continuous Peripheral Nerve Block Catheter Set versus Novel Needle-Over-Cannula after Total Knee Arthroplasty

Background The aim of this study was to compare the novel needle-over-cannula vs. the Braun continuous peripheral nerve block catheter set (Contiplex A) in postoperative analgesics after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Material/Methods Sixty patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned to Braun continuous peripheral nerve block catheter set group (Braun Group, n=30) or the novel needle-over-cannula group (Cannula Group, n=30). All the patients in the 2 groups received continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) for postoperative analgesics. Results We found no significant difference in analgesic effect between the 2 groups. The time of catheter or cannula insertion was shorter in the Cannula Group than in the Braun Group. Four (13.32%) out of 30 patients had failed catheter insertions in the Braun Group compared to none in the Cannula Group. Twelve (46%) out of 26 patients in the Braun Group had serious local anesthetic leakage at puncture sites during 12 h compared to none in the Cannula Group. Conclusions The novel needle-over-cannula is effective, convenient, and safe in CFNB after TKA.
Security of Internet location management

In the Mobile IPv6 protocol, the mobile node sends binding updates to its correspondents to inform them about its current location. It is well-known that the origin of this location information must be authenticated. This paper discusses several threats created by location management that go beyond unauthentic location data. In particular, the attacker can redirect data to bomb third parties and induce unnecessary authentication. We introduce and analyze protection mechanisms with focus on ones that work for all Internet nodes and do not need a PKI or other new security infrastructure. Our threat analysis and assessment of the defense mechanisms formed the basis for the design of a secure location management protocol for Mobile IPv6. Many of the same threats should be considered when designing any location management mechanism for open networks.
Family Factors that Affect Family Empowerment in Caring Children with Leukemia

Introduction: Leukemia is one of the conditions of chronic disease in children. Families of children with chronic health conditions often feel helpless in meeting their child's health care needs. Powerlessness experienced by the family will affect the ability of families in providing care to their children. Many factors can affect the empowerment of families in providing care to their families. Method: This study aims to analyze family factors that affect family empowerment in treating children with leukemia leukemia. The research design used is explanation survey. The population in this study were families with children suffering from leukemia in Pediatric Ward RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Result: The results showed that there was the influence of family factor to family empowerment in caring children with leukemia equal to t: 3.801. Discussion and Conclusions: Family factors need to be taken into account in family-centered empowerment, so families can improve their ability to care for leukemia children. Increased family-based health involves the strength and ability of families in coping mechanisms, the role of nurses, to encourage families to provide support in health care. More research is needed on family-centered empowerment models in the ability to care for children with leukemia. Factors that affect family empowerment in caring for child leukemia, can be considered nurse in giving nursing intervention especially child nurse in empowering parent at the time care of child leukemia. Keywords: Leukemia, Children, Family, Factor, Empowerment
Creating an Educational Framework for Popular Music in Public Schools: Anticipating the Second-Wave

As part of a panel presentation at the 2008 AERA Conference, this paper seeks to advance a critical examination of research on the informal learning practices that are associated with the way so-called popular musicians learn. A call for a “second-wave” of research studies on the teaching of popular music in schools is made. Contra instructional practices that adopt informal learning wholesale, the author argues that a sound educational framework must be in place should teachers and teacher educators wish to “operationalize” the practices of popular musicians. Arguing that there is a distinction between “informal learning” and “informalism,” and critiquing the disappearance of the teacher in Lucy Green’s new book Music, Informal Learning and the School (2008), the concept of democracy ‐ in the form of a laboratory school ‐ is offered as a way of locating education in the practice of teaching and learning popular music.
Till-System Management ( TSM ) for Achieve to the Sustainable Agriculture in Field of Soybean ( Glycine Max L . ) at Iran

mechanical agitation of various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning. Examples of human-powered tilling methods using hand tools include shoveling, picking, mattock work, hoeing, and raking. In order to tillage system management (TSM) for achieved to the sustainable agriculture in field of soybean (Glycine max L.) in Iran, This experiment was carried out using by a factorial design with four replications during 2009-2010. The factors were till-systems including no tillage (NT), minimum tillage (MT), full tillage (FT) and conventional tillage (CT). The results showed that dry matter weight was increased under tillage system management and seed yield was improved by tillage control. Our data indicated that MT system was better than NT, FT and CT systems and highest dry matter weight and seed yield were obtained under MT system. Therefore, the findings of this study showed that tillage system management is very important in Iranian farming, because Iran has a arid and semi arid weather and water resources are limited, so MT system is a good system for farming in this conditions at filed of soybean for achieved to the sustainable agriculture.
An independent platform for the monitoring, analysis and adaptation of web sites

The analysis, design and maintenance of Web sites involves two significant challenges: managing the services and content available, and secondly, making the site dynamically adequate to user's needs. These challenges can be addressed by automating several of the management activities of a Web site. In this work we propose to develop a platform that can be used for that purpose, which is independent of the Web site. We started by developing a data warehouse that stores data about the usage, content and structure of a Web site. We have also developed a tool that uses the data in the data warehouse and provides information to the editor to monitor the activity on the Web site as well as the site itself. We have recently begun to develop multidimensional recommender systems that take advantage of the wealth of the data in the data warehouse. Both simulated and live tests are carried out to test the platform.
Bank Performance in Central and Eastern Europe : The Role of Financial Liberalization

In this paper we analyze the impact of financial liberalization, reforms in the banking sector and the associated changes in the industry structure on the banking performance, measured in terms of cost efficiency and total productivity growth index in 17 countries from Central and Eastern Europe for 2004 – 2008 period. The period chosen is relevant in the context of the entrance of new ten EU members at the beginning of the year of 2004 and the beginning signs of the subprime crises in the Central and Eastern Europe in 2008. To examine the relationship between bank performance, financial liberalization and banking systems structure, we develop a two-stage empirical model that involves estimating bank performance in the first stage and assessing its determinants in the second. From our analyze result that the levels of the banking reform and interest rate liberalization indicator and financial openness index improve cost efficiency, suggesting that banks from Central and Eastern European countries with higher level of liberalization and openness are able to increase cost efficiency and finally to offer cheaper services to clients. Concerning the effect of financial reform on total productivity growth of banks from CEE countries, the results show that the level of banking reform and interest rate liberalization indicator and the score regarding soundness and safety of banks have a positive impact on total productivity growth.
A clustering algorithm based on Delaunay Triangulation

Most clustering methods require user-specified parameters or prior knowledge to produce their best results, this demands pre-processing or several trials. Both are extremely expensive and inefficient, because the best-fit parameters are not easy to get. This paper presents a new approach (CBDTM) which is on the basis of Delaunay Triangulation. This approach introduces the median length of k-nearest edges as measure to divide edges for each point. The parameters of CBDTM are not specified by users, and the experiment shows to us that it can find different shape clusters not only in different density data sets, but also in data sets with noise. All operations complete within expected time O(nlogn) , where n is the number of the data sets. The performance comparison experiments show to us, CBDTM more efficient and it has better quality than AUTOCLUST.
Fixing Resource Leaks in Android Apps with Light-Weight Static Analysis and Low-Overhead Instrumentation

Fixing bugs according to bug reports is a labor-intensive work for developers and automatic techniques can effectively decrease the manual efforts. A feasible solution is to fix specific bugs by static analysis and code instrumentation. In this paper, we present a light-weight approach to fixing the resource leak bugs that exist widely in Android apps while guaranteeing the safety that the patches should not interrupt normal execution of the original program. This approach first performs a light-weight static analysis and then carefully designs the concise patch code that will be inserted into the byte-code. When the program is running, the patches will trace the state of leaked resources and release them in a proper place. Our experiments on dozens of real-world apps show that our approach can effectively fix resource leaks in the apps with negligible extra execution time and less than 4% extra code in a few seconds.
Kinematics and singularity analysis of a novel 7-DOF humanoid arm based on parallel manipulating spherical joints

The work addresses the motion characteristics and singularity of a novel 7-DOF humanoid arm based on parallel manipulating spherical joints. Firstly, according to parallel manipulating spherical joints, the arm is equipped with the better load bearing ability and better anthropomorphic characteristics than the traditional series configuration. Secondly, the complete forward kinematics is derived. Thirdly, the Jacobian matrix and the Jacobian matrix in the force field are obtained through differential transformation method, which is adopted for the singularity analysis in the later part. Finally, the calculation result of the dexterity provides clues for evaluating the manipulator.