Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novelty, Age, and IQ: a Theoretical Look At Human Preference for Novelty

The differences in preferences for novelty among school-aged children who varied in chronological age and IQ were investigated. The results indicated that children in the high-IQ group spent significantly more time responding to novel items than did children in the low-IQ group. Also, children in the high-IQ group devoted a significantly higher percentage of time responding to novel items, relative to total item-inspection time, than did children in the low-IQ group. A significant CA X IQ interaction was found, which indicated that older children with higher IQs exhibited a significantly higher mean percentage of novelty preference than any of the other three groups (i.e., low CA-high IQ, high CA-low IQ, and low CA-low IQ). Correlations between novelty scores and IQ were consistent with those found in the infancy literature. The findings are congruent with the theory that preference for novelty is a continuing phenomenon from infancy through childhood and beyond. We infer that the interest shown by human beings in unfamiliar elements of their environment is one of an unknown number of fundamental building blocks of successful adaptation. We further speculate that the preference-for-novelty phenomenon may offer the underpinnings of a parsimonious solution to the learning paradox.
RELATING PROCESS TO OUTCOME IN MARITAL THERAPY

Although there are a growing number of outcome research studies in marital therapy, there is a complete absence of research on change processes, and how such processes relate to outcome. This study attempts to analyze the process of change in the “best” sessions of Emotionally Focused Marital Therapy (EFT) (Greenberg & Johnson, 1986). Client performance in therapy was rated on depth of experiencing and the quality of interpersonal interactions. The occurrence of particular change events arising from the theoretical principles of EFT was also noted. Results confirmed hypotheses that higher levels of experiencing and more autonomous and affiliative interactions characterized “best” sessions of couples who were successful in therapy. The implications for treatment are discussed.
Facial gunshot wounds: a 4-year experience.

PURPOSE Facial gunshot wounds can result in devastating functional and aesthetic consequences for patients. In an attempt to evaluate the management and outcome in these patients, a 4-year retrospective review was undertaken of all patients presenting with facial gunshot wounds at a level I trauma center. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 121 patients were identified. Medical documentation could be obtained on 84 of those patients. The patients' maxillofacial injuries were treated by the 3 participating services: plastic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and otorhinolaryngology. The patients ranged in age from 6 to 64 years, with a mean age of 27 years. RESULTS The gunshot wounds were single in 64% of the cases and multiple in 36% of the cases. Overall mortality in the series was 11%. Sixty-seven percent (56/84) of the patients suffered an injury to the underlying craniofacial skeleton. Seventy-five percent of these patients required surgical intervention. Twenty-one percent of the patients (16/75) required tracheostomy emergently for management of the airway. Eighteen percent (15/84) of these patients had an intracranial injury, with 50% of these patients requiring surgery. Fourteen percent of the patients in the series (12/84) had great vessel injuries diagnosed at the time of angiography, with 50% of these patients requiring surgery for treatment. CONCLUSION Contrary to much of the published literature, most patients in this series required surgical intervention for treatment of their facial gunshot wounds. Reconstructive procedures were performed early in the patient's course and, when possible, addressed both the soft tissue and underlying bony injury in a minimum number of stages.
Hybrid Parallel Programming: Performance Problems and Chances

Summary Most HPC systems are clusters of shared memory nodes. Parallel programming must combine the distributed memory parallelization on the node inter-connect with the shared memory parallelization inside of each node. Various hybrid MPI+OpenMP programming models are compared with pure MPI. Benchmark results of several platforms are presented. This paper analyzes the strength and weakness of several parallel programming models on clusters of SMP nodes. Benchmark results show, that the hybridmasteronly programming model can be used more eciently on some vector-type systems, although this model suers from sleeping application threads while the master thread communicates. This paper analyses strategies to overcome typical drawbacks of this easily usable programming scheme on systems with weaker inter-connects. Best performance can be achieved with overlapping communication and computation, but this scheme is lacking in ease of use.
TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF INTEGRITY TEST SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES: AN ITEM‐LEVEL ANALYSIS OF SEVEN TESTS

A judgmental sort of 798 items from 7 paper-and-pencil integrity tests produced 23 thematic composites. Patterns of correlations between these composites and the 7 integrity measures and 2 Big Five measures shed light on similarities and differences between different integrity tests. Principal components analysis of 23 composites indicated 4 principal components that further illuminate the content domain of integrity tests. The relationships between 4 integrity principal components and integrity test scores as well as measures of the Big Five dimensions of personality are reported. The findings suggest that integrity tests can differ in their emphasis on various thematic composites, and, yet, be very similar in terms of their standing on the 4 integrity principal components. Different integrity tests can be quite different in terms of surface content, and, yet, assess the same underlying constructs.
Using concepts in literature-based discovery: Simulating Swanson's Raynaud-fish oil and migraine-magnesium discoveries

Literature-based discovery has resulted in new knowledge. In the biomedical context, Don R. Swanson has generated several literature-based hypotheses that have been corroborated experimentally and clinically. In this paper, we propose a two-step model of the discovery process in which hypotheses are generated and subsequently tested. We have implemented this model in a Natural Language Processing system that uses biomedical Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) concepts as its unit of analysis. We use the semantic information that is provided with these concepts as a powerful filter to successfully simulate Swanson's discoveries of connecting Raynaud's disease with fish oil and migraine with a magnesium deficiency.
Exhaustive Linearization for Robust Camera Pose and Focal Length Estimation

We propose a novel approach for the estimation of the pose and focal length of a camera from a set of 3D-to-2D point correspondences. Our method compares favorably to competing approaches in that it is both more accurate than existing closed form solutions, as well as faster and also more accurate than iterative ones. Our approach is inspired on the EPnP algorithm, a recent O(n) solution for the calibrated case. Yet we show that considering the focal length as an additional unknown renders the linearization and relinearization techniques of the original approach no longer valid, especially with large amounts of noise. We present new methodologies to circumvent this limitation termed exhaustive linearization and exhaustive relinearization which perform a systematic exploration of the solution space in closed form. The method is evaluated on both real and synthetic data, and our results show that besides producing precise focal length estimation, the retrieved camera pose is almost as accurate as the one computed using the EPnP, which assumes a calibrated camera.
An Interpolation Scheme for Constructing Radio Frequency Maps from Spatial Samples

The development of spectrum measurement infrastructure that can produce real-time geographic maps of spectrum usage is important to the deployment of future wireless systems. Such an infrastructure also provides the basis for creating a spectrum database in support of dynamic spectrum access. We are developing algorithms that can aggregate, classify and geographically map collected RF power measurements so as to support the formation of the spectrum database. A fundamental building block to creating this database is using a collection of spectrum measurements to infer the expected power levels at locations where there was no measurement infrastructure. This project is currently developing a pathloss-based interpolation scheme that can accurately estimate the power levels at locations bounded by four spectrum sensors deployed in a rectangular pattern.
Simultaneous Measurement of Impulse Response and Distortion with a Swept-Sine Technique

A novel measurement technique of the transfer function of weakly not-linear, approximately time-invariant systems is presented. The method is implemented with low-cost instrumentation; it is based on an exponentially-swept sine signal. It is applicable to loudspeakers and other audio components, but also to room acoustics measurements. The paper presents theoretical description of the method and experimental verification in comparison with MLS.
Executives’ Perceptions of Uncertainty Sources: A Numerical Taxonomy and Underlying Dimensions

Managing directors and executive vice presidents in Hong Kong were asked to identify all sources of uncertainty facing their firms. They later made similarity judgments by grouping similar uncertainty sources. We employed multidimensional scaling (MDS) to determine the underlying dimensions used by the executives when distinguishing among uncertainty sources. Cluster analysis then produced a taxonomy of uncertainty sources. This classification, based directly on executive perceptions, encompasses uncertainties that are both external and internal to the firm. We discuss the implications of our results.
Presidential Address: Will This Policy Work for You? Predicting Effectiveness Better: How Philosophy Helps

There is a takeover movement fast gaining influence in development economics, a movement that demands that predictions about development outcomes be based on randomized controlled trials. The problem it takes up—of using evidence of efficacy from good studies to predict whether a policy will be effective if we implement it—is a general one, and affects us all. My discussion is the result of a long struggle to develop the right concepts to deal with the problem of warranting effectiveness predictions. Whether I have it right or not, these are questions of vast social importance that philosophers of science can, and should, help answer.
Visual and laser guided robot relocalization using lines, Hough transformation and machine learning techniques

This paper describes a new approach for building 3D geometric maps using a laser rangefinder, a stereo camera system and a mathematical system the Conformal Geometric Algebra. The use of a known visual landmarks in the map helps to carry out a good localization of the robot. These landmarks are found using the Viola and Jones algorithm and are represented with their position in the 3D virtual map. This landmarks help in the relocalization of a robot in a previously captured environment. This machine learning technique is used for recognition of objects in the environment.
A task-driven object-based attention model for robots

This paper proposes a task-driven object-based visual attention model for robot applications. It involves five components: pre-attentive object-based segmentation, bottom- up still attention, bottom-up motion attention, top-down object- based biasing, and contour based object representation. The object-based attentional competition operates on the combination of bottom-up saliency map and top-down bias map. This model is applied into two tasks of mobile robots: task-specific moving object detection and still object detection. Experimental results in natural scenes have shown to validate this model even in case of occlusion.
Genetic Association and Gene-Gene Interaction Reveal Genetic Variations in ADH1B, GSTM1 and MnSOD Independently Confer Risk to Alcoholic Liver Diseases in India

Genetic susceptibility is an important modifier of clinical outcome and natural history of progression in Alcoholic liver disease (ALD). While the significance of ethnicity in this evolution is very clear, subtle inter-individual genetic variant(s) might be important and thus we investigated those in an Indian population. Fourteen markers were genotyped within two alcohol metabolism genes [Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene clusters (ADH1B and ADH1C) and Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2)], one microsomal ethanol oxidizing enzyme cytochrome p450 (CYP2E1) and three oxidative stress response (OSR) genes (MnSOD, GSTT1 and GSTM1) among 490 Bengali individuals (322 ALD and 168 control) from Eastern and North-Eastern India and validation was performed in a new cohort of 150 Bengali patients including 100 ALD and 50 advanced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Out of 14 genetic variants, carriage of 5 genotypes (rs2066701CC in ADH1B, rs1693425TT in ADH1C, rs4880TT in MnSOD and GSTT1/GSTM1 null, p-value <0.05) were noted significantly higher among ALD patients while inter or intra group gene-gene interaction analysis revealed that addition of risk genotype of any OSR gene enhanced the possibility of ALD synergistically. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed independent association of rs2066701CC, rs4880TT and GSTM1 null genotype with ALD while lower frequencies of those genotypes in advanced NASH patients further confirmed their causal relation to ALD. Thus these findings suggest that the three variants of ADH1C, MnSOD and GSTM1 can be used to identify individuals who are at high risk to develop ALD and may be helpful in proper management of Indian alcoholics.
Adolescent Identity Formation and Rites of Passage: The Navajo Kinaaldá Ceremony for Girls

Psychosocial and anthropological conceptions of adolescent identity formation are reviewed relative to identity formation of American Indian adolescents. The Dunham, Kidwell, and Wilson (1986) ritual process paradigm, an extension of van Gennep's (1908/1960) tripartite rites of passage model, is presented as a useful approach to examine identity transformations embedded in pubertal coming-of-age ceremonies. The rich array of rituals that constitute rites of passage ceremonies are argued to lead to optimal identity formation as delineated by Erikson (1968, 1987a). To illustrate a synthesis between psychosocial and anthropological approaches, the Navajo female pubertal coming-of-age ceremony called Kinaalda is described and analyzed using the published literature, observations of two ceremonies, and discussions with experts on the topic. It is concluded that through a series of complex rituals, an identity is ascribed to the young woman that connects her and transforms her into the primary female supernatural being of the culture.
Book Review: Tzvetan Todorov, The Fear of Barbarians

Under certain assumptions, individual behavior can be inferred from aggregate data using a statistical technique known as ‘ecological regression’ (King, 1997). If Gilligan performed ecological regression analyses, there is no way of knowing because this level of detail is not specified in any of the book’s chapters or appendices. Gilligan’s claim that Republican presidencies are more dangerous than Democratic presidencies ignores the complex policy creation process. In Why Some Politicians Are More Dangerous than Others, a president’s political party is a proxy for a clear-cut conservative or progressive ideology, which is inextricably linked to policies across the United States that perpetuate lethal violence. At the federal level, successful policies enacted by Congress undergo a grueling legislative process, which may be further complicated when the houses are controlled by a different political party than the president. Perhaps one of the main problems with Gilligan’s focus on US presidents is that he does not acknowledge the importance of governance in individual states. It has been wellestablished that state legislatures are the ‘engines of democracy,’ where legislators most closely represent the interests of those who elect them; thereby making the legislative branch of state government closer to the people than the executive and judicial branches (Rosenthal, 2008). Across the 50 states, there are 99 legislative chambers with 50 governors and each of them are as unique and diverse as any aspect of life in the United States. Although Gilligan thoroughly explores aspects of the traditional Republican ideology that may indeed be dangerous, the balance of the three branches of government at both federal and state levels must not be ignored.
Effectiveness of cover and reflector in receiver antennas for MIMO line-of-sight channels

Space division multiplexing (SDM) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is effective in increasing communication throughput. However, the throughput degradation occurs in poor multipath and line-of-sight (LOS) channels due to high spatial correlation. This paper presents effectiveness of cover and reflector in receiver antennas to overcome the throughput degradation in MIMO LOS channels. We compare communication characteristics of farm, grove, passage, and corner conditions and report that parameters of SNR, spatial correlation coefficient and received power ratio are important to prospect actual throughput rather than eigenvalue difference. The farm condition resulting in the lowest throughput has a high SNR, however induces a high spatial correlation coefficient which is close to 1. According to the aforementioned results, cover and reflector is fabricated to decrease the high spatial correlation coefficient and keep the received power ratio between received antennas. By using the cover and reflector, the farm condition has recovered almost the same throughput as the passage condition.
catena-Poly[[(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)lead(II)]-di-μ-bromido]

In the title compound, [PbBr2(C14H12N2)]n, the PbII atom lies on a twofold rotation axis. The N-heterocycle-chelated PbII atom exists in a distorted octahedral geometry owing to two long Pb⋯Br interactions [2.9562 (5) and 3.2594 (5) Å]. These result in a zigzag chain running along the c axis. The lone pair is stereochemically inactive.
Computerized Content Analysis in Management Research: A Demonstration of Advantages & Limitations

Content analysis is a research technique used to objectively and systematically make inferences about the intentions, attitudes, and values of individuals by identifying specified characteristics in textual messages. The unobtrusive nature of content analysis makes it well suited for strategic management research. To date, the content analyses in most management studies have been performed by human coders, despite advances in computer technology that enable researchers to perform the same analyses more reliably and less expensively. In this paper, the investigator compares human-coded content analysis to computerized coding of the same text communications. The results suggest the two methods may be equally effective. Differences in results obtained using different units of analysis (such as analysis by sentence, by paragraph or by whole document) are also examined. Better reliability, improved stability, and comparability of results suggest more extensive use of computerized content analysis in future research.
Abstract 1229: E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 negatively regulates tumor suppressor p53 to promote tumorigenesis

Tumor suppressor p53 plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing tumorigenesis through its regulation of cellular stress responses, including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and senescence. To ensure its proper levels and functions in cells, p53 is tightly regulated mainly through post-translational modifications. Ubiquitination is the most important post-translational modification for p53. TRIM32 is a protein of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The proteins of TRIM family have been reported to be involved in different biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, development, muscular physiology, innate immune response and cancer. However, like the majority of TRIM family proteins, the biological function of TRIM32 is not well-understood. Here, we identified TRIM32 as a novel p53 target gene and E3 ubiquitin ligase for p53. In response to stress, including ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapeutic agents (e.g. etoposide and 5-fluorouracil), p53 protein binds to the p53 responsive element in the promoter of the TRIM32 gene and transcriptionally induces the expression of TRIM32 in cells. In turn, TRIM32 protein interacts with p53 protein and promotes p53 degradation through ubiquitination to negatively regulate p53-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and senescence in response to stress. Thus, p53 and TRIM32 form a novel negative feedback loop in cells to regulate p53 protein levels and function. TRIM32 is frequently overexpressed in different types of human tumors, including lung, colorectal and liver cancers. TRIM32 overexpression promotes the oncogenic transformation of primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts in a largely p53-dependent manner. Furthermore, TRIM32 overexpression promotes tumorigenesis in mice through the down-regulation of p53 function. Taken together, our results demonstrated that as a novel p53 target and a novel negative regulator for p53, TRIM32 plays an important role in regulation of p53 and p53-mediated cellular stress responses. Furthermore, our results revealed that impairing p53 function is a novel mechanism for TRIM32 in tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Cen Zhang, Juan Liu, Xiaolong Wang, Ken H. Young, Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng. E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM32 negatively regulates tumor suppressor p53 to promote tumorigenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1229. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1229
Efficient approach for incremental Vietnamese document clustering

In this paper, we present how to use graph model for clustering Vietnamese document incrementally. Graph based model allows us to model completely the structure of not only each document but also the whole collection of documents. The graph structure is easily updated when there is a new document. When building the graph incrementally we can identify representative subgraph features, which are later used for calculating hybrid pair-wise document similarity. These subgraph features make clustering process less sensitive to the Vietnamese word segmentation step. Based on the hybrid similarity measure, the documents are groups into clusters on-the-fly without any assumptions on the number of clusters and without retrieving previous documents.
Narrative in Intercultural Education

Abstract In this paper, I discuss the power of narrative in intercultural education. Apparently simple tales, anecdotes, and personal accounts all belong in a narrative universe, which interrogates our assumptions about culture, cognition, language, communication, learning and teaching. I argue that stories have much greater significance in learning and teaching than we usually accord them in educational literature and programmes, and can have ramifications for the intercultural relationships in classrooms.