Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Matricellular Protein Cysteine-rich Protein 61 (CCN1/Cyr61) Enhances Physiological Adaptation of Retinal Vessels and Reduces Pathological Neovascularization Associated with Ischemic Retinopathy*

Retinal vascular damages are the cardinal hallmarks of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness in childhood. Both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis are disrupted in the hyperoxia-induced vaso-obliteration phase, and recapitulated, although aberrantly, in the subsequent ischemia-induced neovessel formation phase of ROP. Yet, whereas the histopathological features of ROP are well characterized, many key modulators with a therapeutic potential remain unknown. The CCN1 protein also known as cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) is a dynamically expressed, matricellular protein required for proper angiogenesis and vasculogenesis during development. The expression of CCN1 becomes abnormally reduced during the hyperoxic and ischemic phases of ROP modeled in the mouse eye with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Lentivirus-mediated re-expression of CCN1 enhanced physiological adaptation of the retinal vasculature to hyperoxia and reduced pathological angiogenesis following ischemia. Remarkably, injection into the vitreous of OIR mice of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) engineered to express CCN1 harnessed ischemia-induced neovessel outgrowth without adversely affecting the physiological adaptation of retinal vessels to hyperoxia. In vitro exposure of HSCs to recombinant CCN1 induced integrin-dependent cell adhesion, migration, and expression of specific endothelial cell markers as well as many components of the Wnt signaling pathway including Wnt ligands, their receptors, inhibitors, and downstream targets. CCN1-induced Wnt signaling mediated, at least in part, adhesion and endothelial differentiation of cultured HSCs, and inhibition of Wnt signaling interfered with normalization of the retinal vasculature induced by CCN1-primed HSCs in OIR mice. These newly identified functions of CCN1 suggest its possible therapeutic utility in ischemic retinopathy.
Histopathological Evaluation of Pulmonary Effects of Sodium Dichromate Cr VI in Rats

In order to determine the toxicopathological effects of sodium dichromate Cr VI in the lung of rats, the present study used 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) which divided into five equal groups, both (1 st ) and (2 nd ) groups were administered orally 3 mg and 9 mg /100gram B.W of CrVI orally for 30 days respectively. While (3 rd ) and(4 th ) groups administered the same doses as in (1 st ) and (2 nd ) groups respectively but for 60 days, in addition the (5 th group) was kept as negative control. The results showed interstitial pneumonia, necrosis of small bronchioles and contained inflammatory cells in their lumens in addition there was necrotic bronchiolitis with papillae hyperplastic projections of lining columnar epithelial cells and peri-aggregation of mononuclear cells in (1 st group). The (2 nd group) showed peribroncheolitis and marked hyperplastic changes of ciliated columnar epithelia, also the alveoli showed marked emphysema, The (3 rd group) revealed chronic necrotic bronchiolitis with papillae hyperplastic projections of lining columnar epithelial cells and peri-aggregation of mononuclear cells, while the (4 th group) appeared great enlargement of bronchioles due to hyperplasia of lining epithelium as papillae and peri-mononuclear cells infiltration. We concluded that the Cr (VI) had a major toxic effects on the pulmonary tissues especially in highly repeated doses.
ESX Memory Resource Management : Transparent Page Sharing

Data centers strive to provide maximum compute and storage resources while minimizing cost of operation. To this end, hardware virtualization has become an integral part of data centers. Virtualization provides a tool to effectively and efficiently manage data center resources. Virtualization software attempts to consolidate multiple virtual machines on to one physical machine. Consolidation ratio is the number of virtual machines placed on a single physical machine. A higher consolidation ratio leads to more savings in cost of operation of the data center. VMware R © ESX R © Server is a hypervisor providing efficient consolidation of virtual machines on physical machines. It implements overcommitment techniques to efficiently consolidate virtual machines with more virtual RAM and virtual CPUs than are available on the physical machine. ESX is said to be memory overcommitted when virtual machines with a combined virtual RAM greater than that available to ESX are powered on. ESX employs different memory reclamation techniques and policies to effectively distribute available physical memory to virtual machines with the goal of maximizing performance. Transparent page sharing is a method using which ESX collapses multiple memory pages with the same content into a single memory page. The remaining pages become available for use elsewhere. Transparent page sharing works without any modification to virtual machines. It works with all guest operating systems supported by ESX and does not impact performance of guest workloads significantly. This article describes the transparent page sharing technique. It provides a high-level description of the reclamation technique as well as its low-level configuration. General Terms memory management, memory reclamation, memory sharing
Pregnancy Outcomes After Maternal Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy — U.S. Territories, January 1, 2016–April 25, 2017

Pregnant women living in or traveling to areas with local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission are at risk for Zika virus infection, which can lead to severe fetal and infant brain abnormalities and microcephaly (1). In February 2016, CDC recommended 1) routine testing for Zika virus infection of asymptomatic pregnant women living in areas with ongoing local Zika virus transmission at the first prenatal care visit, 2) retesting during the second trimester for women who initially test negative, and 3) testing of pregnant women with signs or symptoms consistent with Zika virus disease (e.g., fever, rash, arthralgia, or conjunctivitis) at any time during pregnancy (2). To collect information about pregnant women with laboratory evidence of recent possible Zika virus infection* and outcomes in their fetuses and infants, CDC established pregnancy and infant registries (3). During January 1, 2016-April 25, 2017, U.S. territories† with local transmission of Zika virus reported 2,549 completed pregnancies§ (live births and pregnancy losses at any gestational age) with laboratory evidence of recent possible Zika virus infection; 5% of fetuses or infants resulting from these pregnancies had birth defects potentially associated with Zika virus infection¶ (4,5). Among completed pregnancies with positive nucleic acid tests confirming Zika infection identified in the first, second, and third trimesters, the percentage of fetuses or infants with possible Zika-associated birth defects was 8%, 5%, and 4%, respectively. Among liveborn infants, 59% had Zika laboratory testing results reported to the pregnancy and infant registries. Identification and follow-up of infants born to women with laboratory evidence of recent possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy permits timely and appropriate clinical intervention services (6).
Extracting Shared Subspaces for Multi-label Classiﬁcation

Multi-label problems arise in various domains such as multi-topic web page categorization, protein function prediction, and automated newswire classiﬁcation. One natural way to deal with such problems is to construct a binary classiﬁer for each label, resulting in a set of independent binary clas-siﬁcation problems. Since the multiple labels share the same input space, and the semantics conveyed by diﬀerent labels are usually correlated, it is essential to exploit the correlation information contained in diﬀerent labels. In this paper, we consider a general framework for extracting shared structures in multi-label classiﬁcation. In this framework, a common subspace is assumed to be shared among multiple labels. We show that the optimal solution to the proposed formulation can be obtained by solving a generalized eigenvalue problem, although the optimization problem is non-convex. For high-dimensional problems, direct computation of the solution is expensive, and we develop an eﬃcient al-gorithm for this case. One appealing feature of the proposed framework is that it includes several well-known algorithms as special cases, thus elucidating their intrinsic relationships. We have conducted extensive experiments on eleven multi-topic web page categorization tasks, and results demonstrate the eﬀectiveness of the proposed formulation in comparison with several representative algorithms.
Marginal Zone B Cells Regulate Antigen-Specific T Cell Responses during Infection

Marginal zone B cells (MZB) participate in the early immune response to several pathogens. In this study, we show that in μMT mice infected with Leishmania donovani, CD8 T cells displayed a greater cytotoxic potential and generated more effector memory cells compared with infected wild type mice. The frequency of parasite-specific, IFN-γ+ CD4 T cells was also increased in μMT mice. B cells were able to capture parasites, which was associated with upregulation of surface IgM and MyD88-dependent IL-10 production. Moreover, MZB presented parasite Ags to CD4 T cells in vitro. Depletion of MZB also enhanced T cell responses and led to a decrease in the parasite burden but did not alter the generation of effector memory T cells. Thus, MZB appear to suppress protective T cell responses during the early stages of L. donovani infection.
Four Sub-Dimensions of Stereotype Content : Explanatory Evidence from Romania

Extant research has focused on a two-dimensional structure of stereotypes wherein warmth and competence are relevant evaluative dimensions. Recently, researchers have theorized about more intricate structures (e.g., threeor four-dimensional; Leach, Ellemers, & Barreto, 2007). In the present paper we present two studies that use a data-driven approach to explore this possibility. Using student and non-student samples from a combined emic-etic study in Romania, a South-East European country formerly part of the Communist bloc, we found systematic evidence that warmth and competence stereotype dimensions contain two sub-dimensions each – friendliness and trustworthiness (warmth), and conscientiousness and efficacy (competence). By means of Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA), we show that models with four sub-dimensions fit the data better than two-dimensional models. Our findings contribute to the development of the Stereotype Content Model by allowing for more comprehensive evaluation of others.
Application of a stochastic finite element procedure to reliability analysis

The stochastic finite element procedure presente d i this paper consists in representing in a probabilistic form the response of a system whose materi al p operties and loading are random. Each random variable is expanded into Hermite polynomial se rie . The response is expanded onto the so-called polynomial chaos. The coefficients of the expansi on of the response ( e.g.the nodal displacement vector) are obtained by a Galerkin-type method in the sp ace of probability. This stochastic finite element procedure is applied to the parametric study of the r eliability of a foundation on a two-layer elastic soil mass. The method reveals accurate and more effic ient than a direct coupling between a finite element code and a probabilistic code.
The Photometric Calibration of the Dark Energy Survey

The Dark Energy Survey (DES) is a 5000 sq deg griz imaging survey to be conducted using a proposed 3 sq deg (2.2deg-diameter) wide-field mosaic camera on the CTIO Blanco 4m telescope. The primary scientific goal of the DES is to constrain dark energy cosmological parameters via four complementary methods: galaxy cluster counting, weak lensing, galaxy angular correlations, and Type Ia supernovae, supported by precision photometric redshifts. Here we present the photometric calibration plans for the DES, including a discussion of standard stars and field-to-field calibrations.
Association of dissatisfaction with care and psychiatric morbidity with poor treatment compliance.

OBJECTIVES To examine factors associated with compliance with dermatologic treatment. DESIGN Longitudinal study. Quality of life and psychological well-being were measured before the dermatologic visit with a self-completed questionnaire. Telephone interviews were performed 3 days and 4 weeks after the visit to evaluate patient satisfaction and medication adherence, respectively. SETTING Outpatient clinics of a large dermatologic hospital in Rome, Italy. PATIENTS A total of 1389 outpatients were contacted and 722 (52%) agreed to participate. Among them, 424 responded to the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. Of these, 396 (93%) completed the telephone interviews. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Self-reported compliance with dermatologic treatment. RESULTS The dermatologists' prescriptions were not exactly followed by 44% of patients. In multiple logistic regression analysis, treatment adherence was strongly associated with complete satisfaction. Poor quality of life on the emotions scale (indicating mainly high levels of shame and embarrassment) was also associated with medication adherence. On the contrary, a strong negative association was observed between psychiatric morbidity and compliance. CONCLUSIONS This is the first longitudinal study on dermatologic patients showing that dissatisfaction with care and psychiatric morbidity are significantly and independently associated with poor medication adherence. To improve medication adherence, particular attention should be dedicated to the physician's interpersonal skills, which emerged as a major component of patient satisfaction. Moreover, our results highlight the need for a timely identification and appropriate management of psychiatric disorders in everyday dermatologic practice.
Utilising a Minority Language to Develop Brand Identity: An Evaluation of Current Practice(s) Using the Irish Language

This article examines current practice(s) in relation to the use of the Irish language for branding within the manufacturing and internationally traded services sector. The article identifies the motivations for the use of a minority language [Irish] and the benefits and limitations associated with its use. Data was collected in two stages: firstly, a survey was conducted to examine the views of companies who use the Irish language. Secondly, depth interviews were conducted to explore the key issues arising from the questionnaire. The interviews were conducted with seven companies and an industry expert. The companies believe that although customers do not often use Irish they do believe that consumers value companies who use the Irish language. The respondents indicate that using Irish can promote customer loyalty and help to develop consumer awareness. However, companies need to be cognisant of the potential for alienation and misinterpretation of the company brand by customers who are unfamiliar with the language.
Political participation and engagement among young and adult people in Germany over time: A re-assessment using the ‘identity-equivalence procedure’

One of the central and constantly recurring features of youth participation studies is the depiction of young people and adolescents as the future of democratic politics. According to previous research, however, young people exhibit generally lower levels of political participation than adults and also show decreasing trends in their political activities over time. In this study, we argue that, in order to arrive at meaningful conclusions about young and adult people’s political participation over time, ‘construct-equivalent’ rather than identical instruments of political participation across different age groups and time points should be used. Applying the so called ‘identity-equivalence procedure’ for political participation across three different age groups and the time period 2002-2014, our results indicate that (1) the concrete manifestations of the concept of political participation differ across young and adult people and over time and (2) levels of political participation are quite similar for young and adult people and increasing from 2002-2014. Therefore, the commonly employed strategy of applying identical instruments of political participation across age groups and time points appears at least questionable.
HIV/AIDS Related Stigma in Sub-Saharan Africa: Context and Consequences

While HIV infection has been a worldwide epidemic, minority and poor rural groups the world over have been disproportionately affected by the disease. People of color have been most affected, particularly in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa and the United States. HIV/ AIDS is a highly stigmatized disease, and the stigma attached to the disease has fed into, and in many ways strengthened, pre-existing stigma and prejudice against certain groups in the society. This paper gives an analysis of factors that create and sustain such stigma in rural communities, with particular reference to Nigeria, which is Africa's most popu lous country. The paper offers a participatory ecological model for community intervention . The human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) disease is a severe and progressive chronic illness that is a major source of excessive morbidity and mortality worldwide. Symptomatic HIV disease has a significant impact on the communities and lives of both infected individuals and their fami li es. While HIV disease affects all nations, ethnic groups, communities and people of color have been most affected, particularly in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa and the United States (CDC, 2002; Leonard, 2001; HIV/ AIDS in Africa, 2002; Pan African New Agency, 2001; UNAIDS, 2001; UNAIDS/WHO, 1999; World Bank, 2002) . Worldwide, the mental health consequences of the epidemic are substantial (WHO, 2001). Sowell et al. (1996) describe the spread of the disease to rural communities as a part of the "second wave" of the epidemic . AIDS stigma refers to prejudice, discounting, discrediting and discrimination directed at people perceived to have AIDS or HIV, as well as the individuals, groups and com munities with which they are associated. The effect of intense stigma and discrimination against people with HIV/ AIDS plays a major role in psychological stress, including disorders such as depression and anxiety, particularly in the rural areas. Stigma also hampers preventive efforts as people afflicted with the disease are reluctant to reveal their serostatus. Relationships are very important to people in the rural areas, therefore, community intervention for HIV/ AIDS should employ a participatory approach aimed at building support networks for people living with HIV /AIDS (PLWHA) in the rural areas. Such a network will provide group support needed to function under a hostile atmosphere of stigma.
SDF‐1/CXCL12 Enhances Survival and Chemotaxis of Murine Embryonic Stem Cells and Production of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells

Understanding embryonic stem cell (ESC) regulation is important for realizing how best to control their growth and differentiation ex vivo for potential therapeutic benefit. Stromal cell–derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1/CXCL12) and its receptor, CXCR4, have been implicated as important regulators of a number of fetal and adult cell functions, including survival/antiapoptosis and migration/homing of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We hypothesized that the SDF‐1/CXCL12–CXCR4 axis would also be important for regulation of murine ESC functions. ESCs secreted low levels of SDF‐1/CXCL12 and expressed low levels of CXCR4; however, both increased with differentiation of ESCs. Endogenously produced/released SDF‐1/CXCL12 enhanced survival/antiapoptosis of ESCs in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor but absence of serum, and survival/antiapoptosis was further enhanced by exogenous administration of SDF‐1/CXCL12. Furthermore, SDF‐1/CXCL12 induced chemotaxis of ESCs, and chemotaxis could be enhanced by diprotin A inhibition of CD26/dipeptidylpeptidase IV. Endogenous and exogenous SDF‐1/CXCL12 enhanced embryoid body production of primitive and definitive erythroid, granulocyte‐macrophage, and multipotential progenitors. SDF‐1/CXCL12 did not noticeably affect production of hemangioblasts. These results demonstrate functional activities of SDF‐1/CXCL12 on survival, chemotaxis, and hematopoietic differentiation of murine ESCs that may be relevant for their ex vivo manipulation.
Simulation-based correction of systematic errors for CT measurements

A large number of influencing quantities can induce measurement deviations for dimensional measurements using computed tomography. The article describes a newly developed simulation-based correction method for computed tomography coordinate measurements. Using a steel gauge block it is demonstrated that the method can significantly reduce the deviation of the measured surface from the real form of the measurement object. The computed tomography system used has a maximum acceleration voltage of 130 kV. Therefore, a steel gauge block is a relatively challenging measurement object due to the likely occurrence of beam hardening artefacts. The results show that, for a given computed tomography system, the described method can extend the range of objects for which dimensional measurements are feasible.
2 CHEMICAL APPORTIONMENT OF DIRECT AEROSOL RADIATIVE FORCING IN KOREA

Aerosols have a direct radiative forcing because they scatter and absorb solar and terrestrial radiation in the atmosphere. Aerosols also alter the formation, lifetime, and precipitation efficiency of liquid-water, ice and mixed-phase clouds, thereby causing an indirect radiative forcing associated with these changes in cloud properties. The quantification of aerosol radiative forcing is more complex than the quantification of radiative forcing by greenhouse gases because aerosol mass loading and chemical composition are highly variable in space and time. Quantifying and assessing the climatic impact of atmospheric aerosols require knowledge of their physical, chemical, optical, and radiative properties, as well as of their spatial and temporal variability. During the last decade, there has been a remarkable improvement in the estimation of direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF) by means of box models, various measurements at the surface and onboard aircraft, remote sensing by satellites, and chemical transport models (CTMs). However, there is still a large degree of uncertainty in the aerosol radiative forcing estimation because not only the physicochemical properties of aerosol particles are not well established but also the complex interactions between atmospheric aerosols and radiation are poorly understood. The Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia) campaign was designed to characterize the physical, chemical, and optical properties of aerosols in the atmosphere of the East Asian region and estimate their effect on regional radiative imbalance (Huebert et al., 2003). Estimation of the light-extinction, optical depth, and radiative forcing due to atmospheric aerosols with chemical apportionment is important toward quantitatively assessing the aerosol impact on visibility degradation and reduction of the incoming solar radiation at the surface (Bush and Valero, 2003) and for creating optimal control strategies to mitigate adverse aerosol effects on climate. Up to now chemically-specified estimation of aerosol radiative forcing has mainly relied on CTMs. In this paper we present results of aerosol optical closure and radiative forcing studies, performed using aerosol chemical, physical, and optical measurements at Gosan during ACE-Asia together with an aerosol optical model and a radiative transfer model.