Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderately decreased renal function negatively affects the health-related quality of life among the elderly Korean population: a population-based study.

BACKGROUND The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in Korea, especially in the aged population. The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with chronic renal insufficiency is lower than that for the general population and a lower HRQOL is a predictor of adverse events. We report the impact of kidney function on the HRQOL and the risk factors for poor HRQOL in an elderly population living in one Korean city. METHODS This study was conducted as a part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging (KLoSHA) that was designed as a population-based, prospective cohort-study in a population aged >65 years living in a satellite city of Seoul in Korea. Among 1 000 randomly selected subjects, 944 were able to complete the SF-36 questionnaires to measure HRQOL.We categorized the participants into five GFR groups: group 1: 90 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or more, group 2: 89-75 mL/ min/1.73 m(2), group 3: 60-74 mL/min/1.73 m(2), group 4: 45-59 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and group 5: less than 45 mL/min/ 1.73 m(2). RESULTS Except for the general health perception and mental health scale, all the other scores of the SF-36 scales showed differences among five groups categorized according to GFR. However, the scores were significantly decreased only among participants with a GFR value of <45 mL/min/1.73 m(2), compared to the other four GFR groups. After adjustment, the physical component summary score was the lowest in participants with GFR values <45 mL/min/1.73 m(2). The dichotomized GFR factor with the criterion of 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) was an independent predictor of poor physical HRQOL. Other factors, such as age, gender, duration of education, regular exercising habits, depression and a history of cardiovascular accident, were also predictors of HRQOL. A lower haemoglobin level was related to the mental component summary. CONCLUSION The renal function deduced to be an important predictor of HRQOL, even in the old age group. The moderately decreased renal function of 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) GFR was the level at which HRQOL decreased in the elderly Korean population.
Unsupervised Instance-Based Part of Speech Induction Using Probable Substitutes

We develop an instance (token) based extension of the state of the art word (type) based part-ofspeech induction system introduced in (Yatbaz et al., 2012). Each word instance is represented by a feature vector that combines information from the target word and probable substitutes sampled from an n-gram model representing its context. Modeling ambiguity using an instance based model does not lead to significant gains in overall accuracy in part-of-speech tagging because most words in running text are used in their most frequent class (e.g. 93.69% in the Penn Treebank). However it is important to model ambiguity because most frequent words are ambiguous and not modeling them correctly may negatively affect upstream tasks. Our main contribution is to show that an instance based model can achieve significantly higher accuracy on ambiguous words at the cost of a slight degradation on unambiguous ones, maintaining a comparable overall accuracy. On the Penn Treebank, the overall many-to-one accuracy of the system is within 1% of the state-of-the-art (80%), while on highly ambiguous words it is up to 70% better. On multilingual experiments our results are significantly better than or comparable to the best published word or instance based systems on 15 out of 19 corpora in 15 languages. The vector representations for words used in our system are available for download for further experiments.
EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION TO TEMPERATURE. III. ADAPTATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI TO A TEMPORALLY VARYING ENVIRONMENT

Six lines of the bacterium Escherichia coli were propagated for 2,000 generations in a temporally varying environment. The imposed environmental regime consisted of alternating days at 32°C and 42°C, with rapid transitions between them. These derived lines are competitively superior to their ancestor in this variable temperature regime. We also measured changes in the fitness of these lines, relative to their common ancestor, in both the constant (32°C and 42°C) and transition (from 32°C to 42°C and from 42°C to 32°C) components of this temporally varying environment, to determine whether the bacteria had adapted to the particular constant temperatures or the transitions between them, or both. The experimentally evolved lines had significantly improved fitness in each of the constant environmental components (32°C and 42°C). However, the experimental lines had not improved in making the sudden temperature transitions that were a potentially important aspect of the temporally variable environment. In fact, fitness in making at least one of the transitions (between 32°C and 42°C) unexpectedly decreased. This reduced adaptation to the abrupt transitions between these temperatures is probably a pleiotropic effect of mutations that were responsible for the increased fitness at the component temperatures. Among the six experimental lines, significant heterogeneity occurred in their adaptation to the constant and transition components of the variable environment.
A system-level assessment of Uplink CoMP in LTE-A Heterogeneous Networks

In LTE-Advanced networks, the steady demand for higher data rates by users is met through several techniques. One of the most promising solutions is CoMP (Coordinated MultiPoint), which allows the involvement of multiple eNB in the transmission and reception process with a marked increase in throughput for users at the edge of cells. While downlink CoMP has been the focus of many works in the literature, in this paper we examine Uplink CoMP with Coordinated Scheduling in Heterogeneous Networks running LTE-A. We investigate its system-level performance through simulation in various realistic scenarios with frequency-selective Rayleigh fading. Specifically, we are interested in comparing the performance of Uplink CoMP with different cell types as well as different user participation to CoMP transmissions. Our simulation results confirm that edge users benefit from Uplink CoMP, although the overall throughput decreases. In order to mitigate the latter effect, we introduce two new parameters, called CoMP margin and CoMP Pool Percentage (CPP), and provide guidelines for their effective use.
Video Summarization by Employing Visual Saliency in a Sufficient Content Change Method

The growing number of videos on the internet requires effective management strategies. Video summarization is a method for managing video data which provides succinct versions of the videos for efficient browsing and retrieval. The inter-frame disparity based key frame extraction is a popular scheme for summarizing videos. However, the performance of such schemes is limited by the fact that most of these techniques select the first frame in a shot as key frame which may not be representative of the shot. In this paper, we propose a saliency inspired inter-frame difference based summarization scheme which selects the most important frame of the shot based on color contrast saliency. The preliminary experimental results prove the efficacy of the proposed method.
Designing for presence in social television interaction

In the past years, people have started to use social media to interact actively about TV content. However, despite of over a decade of active research and product development, Social TV has not been adopted by large populations. This paper aims to support designing interaction for Social TV services and, more specifically, designing for the presence and togetherness between viewers. Our constructive research consisted of a series of user studies and iterative prototyping. We conducted user studies with altogether 51 participants both in laboratory and in real-life contexts. To support the presence, the final prototype includes three different modalities of communication -- voice and text-based chat, and animated gestures with avatars. The qualitative findings imply that gestures with avatars in virtual space support Social TV and the experience of presence. Finally, we present an analysis of Social TV heuristics and their validity in the context of our designs.
Thai Rhetorical Structure Analysis

Rhetorical structure analysis (RSA) explores discourse relations among elementary discourse units (EDUs) in a text. It is very useful in many text processing tasks employing relationships among EDUs such as text understanding, summarization, and question-answering. Thai language with its distinctive linguistic characteristics requires a unique technique. This article proposes an approach for Thai rhetorical structure analysis. First, EDUs are segmented by two hidden Markov models derived from syntactic rules. A rhetorical structure tree is constructed from a clustering technique with its similarity measure derived from Thai semantic rules. Then, a decision tree whose features derived from the semantic rules is used to determine discourse relations.
Target selection and deselection at the Berkeley Structural Genomics Center

At the Berkeley Structural Genomics Center (BSGC), our goal is to obtain a near‐complete structural complement of proteins in the minimal organisms Mycoplasma genitalium and M. pneumoniae, two closely related pathogens. Current targets for structure determination have been selected in six major stages, starting with those predicted to be most tractable to high throughput study and likely to yield new structural information. We report on the process used to select these proteins, as well as our target deselection procedure. Target deselection reduces experimental effort by eliminating targets similar to those recently solved by the structural biology community or other centers. We measure the impact of the 69 structures solved at the BSGC as of July 2004 on structure prediction coverage of the M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium proteomes. The number of Mycoplasma proteins for which the fold could first be reliably assigned based on structures solved at the BSGC (24 M. pneumoniae and 21 M. genitalium) is approximately 25% of the total resulting from work at all structural genomics centers and the worldwide structural biology community (94 M. pneumoniae and 86 M. genitalium) during the same period. As the number of structures contributed by the BSGC during that period is less than 1% of the total worldwide output, the benefits of a focused target selection strategy are apparent. If the structures of all current targets were solved, the percentage of M. pneumoniae proteins for which folds could be reliably assigned would increase from approximately 57% (391 of 687) at present to around 80% (550 of 687), and the percentage of the proteome that could be accurately modeled would increase from around 37% (254 of 687) to about 64% (438 of 687). In M. genitalium, the percentage of the proteome that could be structurally annotated based on structures of our remaining targets would rise from 72% (348 of 486) to around 76% (371 of 486), with the percentage of accurately modeled proteins would rise from 50% (243 of 486) to 58% (283 of 486). Sequences and data on experimental progress on our targets are available in the public databases TargetDB and PEPCdb. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using an Ontology to Suggest Design Patterns Integration

A writing ink composition having a pseudoplasticity index value between about 0.02 and 0.18, a low-shear viscosity between about 25,000 and 120,000 cP, and a high-shear viscosity between about 6 and 26 cP can be used in a hybrid, ball-point marking instrument which combines advantageous features of both paste-ink and liquid-ink ballpens. The writing ink can be prepared using a colloid milling procedure.
Autocrine Regulation of Norepinephrine Transporter Expression

The norepinephrine transporter (NET) is a neurotransmitter scavenger and site of drug action in noradrenergic neurons. The aim of this study was to identify mechanisms that regulate NET expression during the development of quail (q) sympathetic neuroblasts, which develop from neural crest stem cells. Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) cause an increase of qNET mRNA levels in neural crest cells. When combined, the growth factors are additive in increasing qNET mRNA levels. Both NT-3 and TGF-beta1 are synthesized by neural crest cells. Onset of NET expression precedes the onset of neural crest stem cell emigration from the neural tube. In older embryos, qNET is expressed by several crest-derived and noncrest tissues. The data show that qNET expression in presumptive sympathetic neurons is initiated early in embryonic development by growth factors that are produced by neural crest cells themselves. Moreover, the results support our previous observations that norepinephrine transport contributes to the regulation of the differentiation of neural crest stem cells into sympathetic neurons.
Visualization of deadlock and wait-notify anomaly in multithreaded programs

The paper addresses deadlock due to lock acquisition dependency and wait-notify anomalies. In this work, dependencies are visualized with three types of dependence graphs namely data-control, lock acquisition and wait-notify dependence graphs. Algorithms are also proposed for generating graphs; and hence, bugs are detected due to blockage. Graphical method is used to detect bugs. A prototype tool “Bug Visualizer” is implemented in Java version 7.
Optimizations for Game-based Software Synthesis

In this paper, we study how to make software controller synthesis more efficient and easy to use for engineers. In order to simplify specifying a system, we believe that existing methodologies in synthesis of reactive systems from Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) need to be extended with parameterized propositions. Therefore, we proposed to use the behavioral description language PDDL and reinterpret it under game concepts. Although the use of such high-level language eases modeling and results in understandable code, the size of the created game can be excessively large. Our main contribution is to view and adapt program optimization techniques as the key weapon for solving games locally, obtaining drastic performance gain. Results are implemented as an extension to the GAVS+ tool. In our evaluation, we have synthesized a control strategy for a demonstrator of FESTO’s modular production system and translated the strategy into executable control code running on the production system.
Autonomy-subnet based structural synthesis and liveness guarantying policy of Petri net model of flexible manufacturing system

In this paper, an autonomous subnet based structural methodology for bottom-up synthesis of Petri Nets for Flexible Manufacturing Systems is proposed. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the model constructed by the method is carried by intensively using model’s structural information, such as invariants, siphons, etc. As a result, the analysis leads us to draw the general conclusion that the model obtained is conservativeness and thus bound, and characterize its liveness in terms of zero-marking minimal siphons. It is based on model’s structural information that distinguishes our method from others. In line of this thought, a liveness guarantying policy for the obtained model is proposed. Some control subnets are merged into the original model according to the proposed synthesis rules in this paper to ensure that no minimal siphons are emptied in any state, therefore the liveness is guaranteed. As a result, a live, conservative and revertible Petri Nets is obtained. A practical example is also presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.
Improving search result summaries by using searcher behavior data

Query-biased search result summaries, or "snippets", help users decide whether a result is relevant for their information need, and have become increasingly important for helping searchers with difficult or ambiguous search tasks. Previously published snippet generation algorithms have been primarily based on selecting document fragments most similar to the query, which does not take into account which parts of the document the searchers actually found useful. We present a new approach to improving result summaries by incorporating post-click searcher behavior data, such as mouse cursor movements and scrolling over the result documents. To achieve this aim, we develop a method for collecting behavioral data with precise association between searcher intent, document examination behavior, and the corresponding document fragments. In turn, this allows us to incorporate page examination behavior signals into a novel Behavior-Biased Snippet generation system (BeBS). By mining searcher examination data, BeBS infers document fragments of most interest to users, and combines this evidence with text-based features to select the most promising fragments for inclusion in the result summary. Our extensive experiments and analysis demonstrate that our method improves the quality of result summaries compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. We believe that this work opens a new direction for improving search result presentation, and we make available the code and the search behavior data used in this study to encourage further research in this area.
Robust System for Partially Occluded People Detection in RGB Images

This work presents a robust system for people detection in RGB images. The proposal increases the robustness of previous approaches against partial occlusions, and it is based on a bank of individual detectors whose results are combined using a multimodal association algorithm. Each individual detector is trained for a different body part (full body, half top, half bottom, half left and half right body parts). It consists of two elements: a feature extractor that obtains a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptor, and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) for classification. Several experimental tests have been carried out in order to validate the proposal, using INRIA and CAVIAR datasets, that have been widely used by the scientific community. The obtained results show that the association of all the body part detections presents a better accuracy that any of the parts individually. Regarding the body parts, the best results have been obtained for the full body and half top body.
A FRAMEWORK FOR ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING TYPES : GENERATIVE , ADAPTIVE AND ZERO LEARNING

Although organizational learning types like adaptive and generative learning are considered to follow different development processes, a general framework of organizational learning that includes them has remained elusive. The proposed framework also incorporates facets such as emotions, stress, complexity consciousness and orders. These facets are essential in the framework as they bind the process together and represent a sequence and progression through the learning process.
Computer-Assisted Reasoning about Algebraic Topology ⋆

We describe the motivation and main ideas of the formal ap- proach to the algebraic topology which was developed recently. The work provides some machinery allowing the authors of Mizar articles to obtain more advanced and more valuable results, mainly in general topology, but also in algebra. Some aspects of the Mizar language are also discussed based on the examples taken directly from our developments.
Energy-Efficient Design of Processing Element for Convolutional Neural Network

Convolutional neural network (CNN) is the most prominent algorithm for its wide usage and good performance. Despite the fact that the processing element (PE) plays an important role in CNN processing, there has been no study focusing on PE design optimized for state-of-the-art CNN algorithms. In this brief, we propose an optimal PE implementation including a data representation scheme, circuit block configurations, and control signals for energy-efficient CNN. To validate the excellence of this brief, we compared our proposed design with several previous methods, and fabricated a silicon chip. The software simulation results demonstrated that we can reduce 54% of data bit lengths with negligible accuracy loss. Our optimization on PE achieves to save computing power up to 47%, and an accelerator exploiting our method shows superior results in terms of power, area, and external DRAM access.
PERK Integrates Autophagy and Oxidative Stress Responses To Promote Survival during Extracellular Matrix Detachment

ABSTRACT Mammary epithelial cells (MECs) detached from the extracellular matrix (ECM) produce deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce autophagy to survive. The coordination of such opposing responses likely dictates whether epithelial cells survive ECM detachment or undergo anoikis. Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK facilitates survival of ECM-detached cells by concomitantly promoting autophagy, ATP production, and an antioxidant response. Loss-of-function studies show that ECM detachment activates a canonical PERK-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α)-ATF4-CHOP pathway that coordinately induces the autophagy regulators ATG6 and ATG8, sustains ATP levels, and reduces ROS levels to delay anoikis. Inducible activation of an Fv2E-ΔNPERK chimera by persistent activation of autophagy and reduction of ROS results in lumen-filled mammary epithelial acini. Finally, luminal P-PERK and LC3 levels are reduced in PERK-deficient mammary glands, whereas they are increased in human breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) versus normal breast tissues. We propose that the normal proautophagic and antioxidant PERK functions may be hijacked to promote the survival of ECM-detached tumor cells in DCIS lesions.
Reproduction of swing-up and giant swing motion of Acrobot based on a technique of the horizontal bar gymnast

In this study, a reproduction of a swing-up and a giant swing motion of the Acrobot based on behaviors of the horizontal bar gymnast is discussed with focusing on an Equivalent Center of Mass (ECM) of the Acrobot and the gymnast. At first, the behaviors of the Equivalent Center of Mass of the gymnast (ECMG) are analyzed by using a motion capturing technique and an efficient motion of the ECMG for the swing-up and for the giant swing motion are identified from analysis results, respectively. Next, a partial linearization method, which can realize that the Equivalent Center of the Mass of the Acrobot (ECMA) replicates this efficient motion, is designed and reproduces the Acrobot the swing-up and giant swing motion like the gymnast Finally, an effectiveness of the proposed controller is shown by numerical simulations.