Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gestion des interactions pour l’évaluation en phase de préconception, des architectures 3D de systèmes sous contraintes multi-physiques, application à la thermique

La preconception est une phase aboutissant a la generation d’une architecture physique de concept. Des cette phase, il est crucial de choisir une architecture qui prenne en compte les contraintes multi-physiques. Cette these permet de repondre a cette problematique : comment evaluer des architectures physiques d’un systeme complexe sous contraintes multi-physiques pendant les phases amont, afin de limiter les risques de couplages multi-physiques dans les etapes suivantes, qui engendrent une augmentation consequente de la duree et du cout de la conception ? Pour repondre a cette problematique, nous proposons tout d’abord un processus nomme SAMOS permettant aux acteurs de cette phase d’echanger des informations en limitant le risque d’incoherences et d’incomprehensions. Puis, en nous limitant a l’analyse thermique, nous avons developpe une plateforme « modeleur 3D thermique », s’appuyant sur un environnement 3D, deux extensions SysML et des transformations de modele, pour faciliter les echanges d’informations et de donnees entre l’architecte systeme, l’architecte 3D et les equipes de simulation, et ainsi diminuer la redondance et le temps de conception.Ainsi, pour permettre la gestion de l’encombrement et du positionnement spatial de chaque equipement, une extension SysML GERTRUDe a ete proposee pour pouvoir specifier des exigences geometriques : formes geometriques simples des composants, dimensions, contraintes de positionnement.GERTRUDe utilise le modele geometrique des SATT enrichi avec les parametres intrinseques. De la meme facon, l’extension SysML TheReSE, basee sur GERTRUDe, permet la gestion des exigences thermiques : proprietes thermiques de composants et specification des interactions thermiques susceptibles d’intervenir entre les composants de l’architecture.De meme les interactions thermiques entre les differents equipements peuvent etre soit specifiees en SysML, soit etre ajoutees dans l’environnement 3D. Ces informations permettent de definir alors un reseau d’interactions thermiques, qui integre a la fois les informations geometriques et thermiques. Ce reseau est alors transforme en un modele thermique implemente en Modelica, qui permet par simulation d’evaluer la temperature des faces des composants.Les approches proposees ont ete implementees dans un demonstrateur, afin de demontrer la faisabilite du concept sur plusieurs cas d’etudes industriels, et ainsi valider les attentes industrielles vis-a-vis de l’approche proposee et ses perspectives.
Spectrophotometric flow injection procedure to indirect determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations using o-tolidine as reagent

A spectrophotometric flow injection method for the determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations is proposed. The procedure was based on the oxidation of paracetamol by sodium hypochloride and the determination of the excess of this oxidant using o-tolidine dichloride as chromogenic reagent at 430 nm. The analytical curve was linear in the paracetamol concentration range from 8.50 x 10-6 to 2.51 x 10-4 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 5.0 x 10-6 mol L-1. The relative standard deviation was smaller than 1.2% for 1.20 x 10-4 mol L-1 paracetamol solution (n = 10). The results obtained for paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations using the proposed flow injection method and those obtained using a USP Pharmacopoeia method are in agreement at the 95% confidence level.
Caractérisation des mécanismes du battement ciliaire dans le cadre du transport mucociliaire normal et pathologique

L'epuration mucociliaire est la premiere ligne de defense de l'appareil respiratoire. L'alteration de l'epuration mucociliaire se traduit par une stagnation et/ou une accumulation de mucus, conduisant potentiellement a des obstructions plus ou moins partielles et a des infections chroniques des voies aeriennes. On compte deux grands types d'alteration de l'epuration mucociliaire. Le premier est lie aux caracteristiques du mucus, comme dans le cas de la mucoviscidose. Le deuxieme est lie a des anomalies de l'ultrastructure du cil et /ou de son battement regroupees sous le terme de "ciliopathies"qui peuvent etre soit innees soit acquises.Ce travail, qui s'inscrit dans le cadre clinique de la problematique des ciliopathies respiratoires et de leur prise en charge, a pour objectif de mieux caracteriser, a partir des outils de la Biomecanique, les mecanismes du battement ciliaire (incluant une mesure de l'efficacite globale du battement des cils) et a transferer ces connaissances au profit de la clinique.Pour cela une methodologie de caracterisation systematique de la mecanique ciliaire a partir de prelevements biologiques issus de patients observes par video-microscopie a haute vitesse a ete developpee parallelement au developpement d'un modele numerique integrant le couplage entre battement ciliaire et transport de fluide. Cette association entre experiences et modele numerique a permis de proposer un nouvel index utilisable par les cliniciens pour caracteriser l'efficacite du battement ciliaire. Cet index presente l'avantage de ne pas exiger de modification de la pratique clinique concernant la collecte de donnees biologiques
Cointegrated Sectoral Productivities and Investment-Specific Technology in U.S. Business Cycles

Applying Johansen cointegration test to U.S. annual data constructed from the EU KLEMS database, the paper documents that the productivities of consumption-goods and equipment-goods sector are cointegrated. It confirms further, using the non-linear cointegration test framework developed by Kapetanios et al. (2006), that the cointegrating relation is non-linear. The cointegration of sectoral productivities is also documented in the empirical findings of Schmitt-Grohe and Uribe (2011). I successfully derive a theoretical proposition that implies that sectoral productivities of the consumption-goods and equipment-goods sectors are cointegrated if and only if the aggregate neutral productivity and the investment-specific technology are cointegrated. Plus, I consider the non-linear cointegration of sectoral productivities to examine the role of the common stochastic trend of sectoral productivities in explaining the movements of investment-specific technology as well as those of interesting macroeconomic aggregates such as output, consumption, investment and hours worked. For this end, I construct a two-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model where the productivities of the consumption and equipment sectors feature a non-linear error correction (NEC) in the vector error correction model (VECM). The maximum likelihood estimation successfully estimates most of structural parameters, including the sectoral capital shares, and it identifies all structural shocks. The paper finds that the innovations of common stochastic trends of sectoral productivities account for half of consumption, 79 percent of investment, and only 6 percent of hours worked variabilities in long-run.
14-3-3 c mediates Cdc 25 A proteolysis to block premature mitotic entry after DNA damage

Kousuke Kasahara, Hidemasa Goto, Masato Enomoto, Yasuko Tomono, Tohru Kiyono and Masaki Inagaki* Division of Biochemistry, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, Department of Cellular Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Okayama, Japan and Virology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Migration of Surface Curve to Most Concave Isoline

In this paper, I present a solution for migrating a curve on a three dimensional surface to the most concave isoline in its vicinity. Essentially, this problem statement tackles mesh segmentation from a diﬀerent angle. The search for a suitable segmentation boundary is reduced to a shortest path problem. First, a graph is built using the mesh’s vertices and edges near the input curve. Then, the shortest path is found using the Dijkstra algorithm, whereas a modiﬁed weighting scheme that makes the passing through of concave edges cheaper, among other factors, results in a path suitable as segmentation boundary. The ﬁnal algorithm provides segmentation boundaries of a quality similar to existing segmentation algorithms. The runtime generally lies below a second, thus making it viable for on the go optimization of the user’s input.
Blueberry and cranberry fruit composition during development 1

Compositional changes that occur during fruit development affect both the organoleptic and nutritional quality of small fruit. Compositional changes in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L) and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) fruit were determined at 3 maturities (white, turning and fully colored) during 2 seasons by analyzing sugar, acid, total phenolic, and total anthocyanin composition, ORAC antioxidant capacity, and fruit firmness. In blueberry fruit, the primary sugars were glucose and fructose, which increased as fruit ripened. Citric acid comprised 77 to 87% of the organic acids in blueberry fruit. In addition, quinic and malic acids comprised 4 to 11% of total acids and small amounts of succinic, tartaric, and shikimic acids were present. Total acids declined 68% during fruit ripening. Total phenolics were greatest in white fruit and anthocyanins were greatest in blue fruit. Antioxidant capacity declined as fruit ripened from white to turning. Fruit firmness decreased about 80% as fruit ripened. In cranberry fruit, sugar concentration increased slightly as fruit ripened with glucose comprising about 80% of the total sugars. Acid content decreased 22% during ripening primarily due to a decline in citric acid. Quinic and malic acids increased slightly during ripening. Total anthocyanins increased as color developed, while total phenolics and antioxidant capacity remained relatively constant. In contrast to blueberries, red cranberry fruit were firmer than white or turning fruit.
Identification of Mycobacterium neoaurumIsolated from a Neutropenic Patient with Catheter-Related Bacteremia by 16S rRNA Sequencing

ABSTRACT A rapidly growing pigmented mycobacterial strain with an ambiguous biochemical profile was isolated from the blood culture taken through the Hickman catheter of a 9-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Whole-cell fatty acid analysis showed that the best match profile was that of Mycobacterium aurum, but the similarity index was only 0.217, meaning that there were no good matches between the isolate and the organisms in the database of the Microbial Identification System. The 16S rRNA gene of the mycobacterial strain was amplified, agarose gel purified, and sequenced. There were 44 base differences between the gene sequence of the isolate and that ofM. aurum but only one base difference between the sequence of the isolate and that of Mycobacterium neoaurum, showing that the isolate was indeed a strain of M. neoaurum by using this “gold standard. ” This represents the first case ofM. neoaurum infection documented by 16S rRNA sequencing.
Reduced microbial diversity in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Intestinal microbiota have become the subject of intense investigation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past years after some groups demonstrated that significant alterations of the composition of enteric bacteria might be related to the underlying inflammatory process (Gut 2006;55:205– 11). However, the complexity of the intestinal microbiota and the availability of a variety of different experimental approaches generated sometimes conflicting and inconsistent data. Manichanh et al (Gut 2006;55:205– 11) recently published an extensive study using metagenomic libraries, a novel molecular technique allowing the recruitment of full molecular information of complex microbial habitats. In metagenomic clone libraries with more than 25 000 clones that were generated from faecal samples of healthy subjects and active Crohn’s patients, significant loss of indigenous bacteria was found. The article confirms our report that reduced bacterial diversity seems to be a hallmark of the biofilm in IBD. Using colonic biopsies we found loss of bacterial diversity of the mucosal microbiota in a large cohort of patients with IBD using different 16S rDNA based detection techniques. In contrast with Manichanh et al, the taxa of the bacterial phylotypes were determined in our study by sequence homology analysis in clone libraries and not by single strand conformational polymorphism alone. The metagenomic approach used by Manichanh et al is likely to be the most informative way of collecting microbial data of complex bacterial communities. Notably, this demonstrates that assessment of 16S rDNA based signals, especially when using large scale clone libraries as in our paper, has sufficient power to determine bacterial richness and diversity. This is not surprising because the taxonomical classification of metagenomic fragments is based mainly on 16S rDNA anchor genes. In some aspects there are discrepancies between the different molecular studies. Manichanh et al only demonstrated alterations of the faecal microbiota. As previously demonstrated, different compartments in the intestine contain complex ecological systems that are distinctly different. Therefore, the composition of the bacterial consortia in human faeces, which contain a high number of transient bacteria, does not fully represent the mucosal microbiota. 7 Mucosa related microbes (including intracellular microorganisms) however, seem to be a functionally relevant part of the intestinal microbiom directly interacting with the host immune system. Generating and analyzing metagenome libraries is very expensive. Therefore, the number of patients that can be analysed will remain relatively small. Confirmation of reduced bacterial diversity however could now be followed by a deeper analysis of the functional capacities of the bacterial communities. These next steps could convert descriptive approaches into a mechanistic understanding. Manichanh et al have introduced the metagenomic approach as a novel technique of collecting data from complex human biofilms.
Mohs Micrographic Surgery of a Papillary Eccrine Adenoma

BACKGROUND Papillary eccrine adenoma (PEA) is a rare benign sweat gland neoplasm first described by Rulon and Helwig in 1977. Although these lesions typically behave in a benign fashion, PEA's on the volar surfaces may demonstrate more aggressive biologic behavior. Additionally, aggressive digital papillary adenomas (ADPA) may histologically simulate PEAs and behave in a more malignant fashion. OBJECTIVE To present a case report of a patient with an incompletely excised PEA that was successfully extirpated using Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). METHODS A 51-year-old black woman was evaluated for the treatment of an incompletely excised PEA located on the dorsum of her left hand at the base of the thumb. Mohs micrographic surgery was felt to be the ideal treatment choice because of incomplete prior resections, ill-defined clinical borders, the need for conservative surgical excision to preserve sensory and motor function of the left hand, and the previously reported more aggressive nature of this tumor when located on volar surfaces. The patient underwent a two-stage, six section micrographically controlled excision using the fresh tissue technique. RESULTS Complete resection of the PEA without significant damage to neurovascular structures. CONCLUSION This case demonstrates the increasingly important role MMS is playing in the surgical management of a wide variety of cutaneous tumors. To our knowledge, this is the first time MMS has been used in the resection of a PEA.
Benthic monitoring with robotic platforms — The experience of Australia

Australias Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) has a strategic focus on the impact of major boundary currents on continental shelf environments, ecosystems and biodiversity. To improve our understanding of natural, climate change, and human-induced variability in shelf environments, the IMOS Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) facility has been charged with generating physical and biological observations of benthic variables that cannot be cost-effectively obtained by other means. Starting in 2010, the IMOS AUV facility began collecting precisely navigated benthic imagery using AUVs at selected reference sites on Australias shelf. This observing program capitalizes on the unique capabilities of AUVs that have allowed repeated visits to the reference sites, providing a critical observational link between oceanographic and benthic processes. This paper provides a brief overview of the relevant capabilities of the AUV facility, the design of the IMOS benthic sampling program, and some preliminary results. We also report on some of the challenges and potential benefits to be realized from a benthic observation system that collects several TB of geo-referenced stereo imagery a year. This includes collaborative semi-automated image analysis, clustering and classification, large scale visualization and data mining, and lighting correction for change detection and characterization. We also mention some of the lessons from operating an AUV-based monitoring program and future work in this area.
An Algerian dialect: Study and Resources

Arabic is the official language overall Arab coun-tries, it is used for official speech, news-papers, public adminis-tration and school. In Parallel, for everyday communication, non-official talks, songs and movies, Arab people use their dialects which are inspired from Standard Arabic and differ from one Arabic country to another. These linguistic phenomenon is called disglossia, a situation in which two distinct varieties of a language are spoken within the same speech community. It is observed Throughout all Arab countries, standard Arabic widely written but not used in everyday conversation, dialect widely spoken in everyday life but almost never written. Thus, in NLP area, a lot of works have been dedicated for written Arabic. In contrast, Arabic dialects at a near time were not studied enough. Interest for them is recent. First work for these dialects began in the last decade for middle-east ones. Dialects of the Maghreb are just beginning to be studied. Compared to written Arabic, dialects are under-resourced languages which suffer from lack of NLP resources despite their large use. We deal in this paper with Arabic Algerian dialect a non-resourced language for which no known resource is available to date. We present a first linguistic study introducing its most important features and we describe the resources that we created from scratch for this dialect.
Systemic threats to hypervisor non-control data

Hypervisors are becoming a widespread virtualisation layer in current computer systems. Recent successful attacks against hypervisors indicate that they face the similar integrity threats as traditional operating systems. Current approaches that secure hypervisors mainly focus on code or control-data integrity, without paying attention to non-control data integrity. In this study the authors construct attacks that target hypervisor non-control data to demonstrate which types of data within the Xen hypervisor are critical to system security. It shows privilege, resource utilisation and security policy related data are vulnerable to return-oriented programming or DMA attacks. By modifying their values from one to another, the whole system's performance will be affected. By discussing current approaches that secure hypervisors, which are not suitable for non-control data, the work is to motivate new innovation in this area to protect them.
Parallel Multiplier Designs for the Galois/Counter Mode of Operation

The Galois/Counter Mode of Operation (GCM), recently standardized by NIST, simultaneously authenticates and encrypts data at speeds not previously possible for both software and hardware implementations. In GCM, data integrity is achieved by chaining Galois field multiplication operations while a symmetric key block cipher such as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), is used to meet goals of confidentiality. Area optimization in a number of proposed high throughput GCM designs have been approached through implementing efficient composite Sboxes for AES. Not as much work has been done in reducing area requirements of the Galois multiplication operation in the GCM which consists of up to 30% of the overall area using a bruteforce approach. Current pipelined implementations of GCM also have large key change latencies which potentially reduce the average throughput expected under traditional internet traffic conditions. This thesis aims to address these issues by presenting area efficient parallel multiplier designs for the GCM and provide an approach for achieving low latency key changes. The widely known Karatsuba parallel multiplier (KA) and the recently proposed Fan-Hasan multiplier (FH) were designed for the GCM and implemented on ASIC and FPGA architectures. This is the first time these multipliers have been compared with a practical implementation, and the FH multiplier showed note worthy improvements over the KA multiplier in terms of delay with similar area requirements. Using the composite Sbox, ASIC designs of GCM implemented with subquadratic multipliers are shown to have an area savings of up to 18%, without affecting the throughput, against designs using the brute force Mastrovito multiplier. For low delay LUT Sbox designs in GCM, although the subquadratic multipliers are a part of the critical path, implementations with the FH multiplier showed the highest efficiency in terms of area resources and throughput over all other designs. FPGA results similarly showed a significant reduction in the number of slices using subquadratic multipliers, and the highest throughput to date for FPGA implementations of GCM was also achieved. The proposed reduced latency key change design, which supports all key types of AES, showed a 20% improvement in average throughput over other GCM designs that do not use the same techniques. The GCM implementations provided in this thesis provide some of the most area efficient, yet high throughput designs to date.
Measuring the effectiveness of hospital-acquired infection prevention

This article deals with data on nosocomial infections acquired in the Geneva University Hospitals. Goal of the work is to derive a model from a hospital-acquired infection (HAI) prevalence survey of year Y and apply them to a prevalence survey of years Y+1, Y+2. This analysis permits to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive measures taken after the prevalence survey in year Y. It also analyzes the robustness of the SVM algorithm on time-variable attributes. The model build on the dataset of year Y gives better results than in a previous study. The application of the model on the Y+1 and Y+2 prevalence surveys shows simultaneously improvements and deteriorations of 5 performance measures. This highlights the effectiveness of prevention and reduces the risk of HAI after the prevalence survey of year Y. We introduce a new method to detect redundancy in a dataset with the SVM algorithm.