Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tonically active NMDA receptors – a signalling mechanism critical for interneuronal excitability in the CA1 stratum radiatum

In contrast to tonic extrasynaptic γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor‐mediated signalling, the physiological significance of tonic extrasynaptic N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR)‐mediated signalling remains uncertain. In this study, reversible open‐channel blockers of NMDARs, memantine and phencyclidine (PCP) were used as tools to examine tonic NMDAR‐mediated signalling in rat hippocampal slices. Memantine in concentrations up to 10 μm had no effect on synaptically evoked NMDAR‐mediated responses in pyramidal neurons or GABAergic interneurons. On the other hand, 10 μm memantine reduced tonic NMDAR‐mediated currents in GABAergic interneurons by approximately 50%. These tonic NMDAR‐mediated currents in interneurons contributed significantly to the excitability of the interneurons as 10 μm memantine reduced the disynaptic inhibitory postsynaptic current in pyramidal cells by about 50%. Moreover, 10 μm memantine, but also PCP in concentrations ≤ 1 μm, increased the magnitude of the population spike, likely because of disinhibition. The relatively higher impact of tonic NMDAR‐mediated signalling in interneurons was at least partly explained by the expression of GluN2D‐containing NMDARs, which was not observed in mature pyramidal cells. The current results are consistent with the idea that low doses of readily reversible NMDAR open‐channel blockers preferentially inhibit tonically active extrasynaptic NMDARs, and they suggest that tonically active NMDARs contribute more prominently to the intrinsic excitation in GABAergic interneurons than in pyramidal cells. It is proposed that this specific difference between interneurons and pyramidal cells can explain the disinhibition caused by the Alzheimer's disease medication memantine.
Role of the Ta scavenger electrode in the excellent switching control and reliability of a scalable low-current operated TiN\Ta2O5\Ta RRAM device

We engineer a scalable and CMOS-friendly RRAM stack using down to 3nm ALD-based Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. The 20nm-sized TiN\Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>\Ta device operated at 50μA exhibits ultra-fast write (~5ns) at moderate voltage (<;2V) with >10<sup>9</sup> write endurance. We also demonstrate excellent disturb and retention characteristics, which we relate to the appropriate tuning of the oxygen chemical-potential profile along the filament by means of the Ta scavenger material and thickness.
New antenna topologies for 5G communication systems

This paper presents new antenna topologies for 5G communication systems. The objective is the study of low losses distribution network technologies and the radiating elements for low profile antennas for 5G applications. Different technologies are considered as PCB technology, LTCC technology and metallized 3D printing in terms of design procedures, transmission losses and manufacturing processes in order to contribute to these types of technologies. Different designs and prototypes are done to validate these antennas for 5G communication systems.
Reasoning in description logics using resolution and deductive databases

Description logics (DLs) are knowledge representation formalisms with well-understood model-theoretic semantics and computational properties. The DL SHIQ(D) provides the logical underpinning for the family of Semantic Web ontology languages. Metadata management applications, such as the Semantic Web, often require reasoning with large quantities of assertional information; however, existing algorithms for DL reasoning have been optimized mainly for efficient terminological reasoning. Although techniques for terminological reasoning can be used for assertional reasoning as well, they often do not exhibit good performance in practice. Deductive databases are knowledge representation systems specifically designed to efficiently reason with large data sets. To see if deductive database techniques can be used to optimize assertional reasoning in DLs, we studied the relationship between the two formalisms. Our main result is a novel algorithm that reduces a SHIQ(D) knowledge base KB to a disjunctive datalog program DD(KB) such that KB and DD(KB) entail the same set of ground facts. In this way, we allow DL reasoning to be performed in DD(KB) using known, optimized algorithms. The reduction algorithm is based on several novel results. In particular, we developed a resolution-based algorithm for deciding satisfiability of SHIQ knowledge bases. Furthermore, to enable representation of concrete data, such as strings or integers, we developed a general approach for reasoning with concrete domains in the framework of resolution, and we use it to extend our algorithms to SHIQ(D). For unary coding of numbers, these algorithms run in exponential time, and are thus worst-case optimal. These results allowed us to derive tighter data complexity bounds. Namely, assuming that the size of the assertional knowledge dominates the size of the terminological knowledge, the reduction algorithm runs in nondeterministic polynomial time; furthermore, if disjunctions are not used, it runs in deterministic polynomial time. Finally, we extended these algorithms in several ways. First, we showed that socalled DL-safe rules can be combined with disjunctive programs obtained by the reduction to increase the expressivity of the logic, without affecting decidability. Second, we derived an algorithm for answering conjunctive queries. Third, we extended the algorithms to support metamodeling. To estimate the practicability of our algorithms, we implemented KAON2—a new DL reasoning system. Our experiments show a performance increase in query answering over existing DL systems of one or more orders of magnitude.
Planar Wideband Differential-Mode Bandpass Filter With Common-Mode Noise Absorption

In this letter, a planar differential-mode (DM) four-port circuit is proposed to design a balanced-to-balanced bandpass filter (BPF) with common-mode noise absorption add-on feature. By using the matrix transformation between the mixed and the single-ended scattering parameters, even- (odd-) mode equivalent circuit and the closed-form solutions of the proposed circuit structure are obtained based on the constraint rules. Finally, a microstrip DM BPF is designed and fabricated. The measured (simulated) results show that the relative bandwidth is 55.5% (57.5%) under the conditions of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{\mathbf {ddBA}}\vert > -1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{\mathbf {ddAA}}\vert $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{\mathbf {ccAA}}\vert $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{\mathbf {ccBA}}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB. Good agreements between the simulated and measured results verify the correctness of the design theory.
Complete Genome Sequence of the African Strain AXO1947 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is the etiological agent of bacterial rice blight. Three distinct clades of X. oryzae pv. oryzae are known. We present the complete annotated genome of the African clade strain AXO194 using long-read single-molecule PacBio sequencing technology. The genome comprises a single chromosome of 4,674,975 bp and encodes for nine transcriptional activator-like (TAL) effectors. The approach and data presented in this announcement provide information for complex bacterial genome organization and the discovery of new virulence effectors, and they facilitate target characterization of TAL effectors.
Rat electrocardiogram during acute exposure to synchronized bursts of ultra-wideband pulses

Rats under ketamine anesthesia were exposed to bursts of ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulses at two different times during the electrocardiogram (ECG) to investigate possible changes in the ECG immediately after start of exposure. Animals were exposed to UWB pulses in a giga transverse electromagnetic cell (GTEM) with the body axis parallel to the direction of UWB propagation (k-polarization) or the magnetic field vector (H-polarization) in separate experiments. In both experiments, UWB pulses at animal thorax had 106 kV/m peak amplitude, 0.78-0.79 ns duration, and 170-186 ps rise time (mean values) and were applied in 25-ms bursts at 1-kHz repetition frequency. The bursts were synchronized to the artifact-free ECG and occurred either during the R-wave or the T-wave of the ECG. Time intervals measured and analyzed in the ECG were PR, the time between start of P-wave and start of R-wave; RT, the time between start of R-wave and apex of the T-wave; and QT, the time between start of R-wave and end of T-wave. The time between successive R-waves, RR, was also determined. No change attributable to UWB exposure was seen in any of these intervals within 5 cardiac cycles of the start of exposure. We conclude that UWB pulses applied during the R-wave or the T-wave do not acutely change timing of events in the cardiac cycle of the anesthetized rat.
Analysis of the profile on participating and non-participating farmers in chickpea production technology.

The agricultural technologies with respect to production, protection and utilization of various products and by-products are developing very fast and innovations are being evolved day-by-day. These efforts would be wasted if not reached to the real users in a proper time and way. It has also been observed that training is a real way to disseminate the technology and made the targeted beneficiaries aware with the skill and knowledge simultaneously. This will bridge the gap between the need and the research for practical applicability. Though there are many ways and means to learn and know the things, but the vocational training is an appropriate method to make aware and enrich the knowledge of a particular group of having the homogeneity in their knowledge, grasping power and need as well as purpose of the training. Moreover, the impact of training and its adoption in relation to changes brought in practices as well as how long the training made the change in the lifestyle in economic and social status of the targeted trainees may assess and help to find out the lapses in the training programme and limitation of the programme, so that it can be improved properly.
Innovative cultures and organizations

Manaqement in the 1990s Management in the 1990s is an industry and governmental agency supported research program. Its aim is to develop a better understanding of the managerial issues of the 1990s and how to deal most effectively with them, particularly as these issues revolve around anticipated advances in Information Technology. Assisting the work of the Sloan School scholars with financial support and as working partners in research are: The conclusions or opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Massachussetts Institute of Technology, the Management in the 1990s Research Program, or its sponsoring organizations.
Interactions between human C5, C6, and C7 and their functional significance in complement-dependent cytolysis.

Two types of complexes were observed between C5, C6 and C7. In their native form these three complement proteins enter into reversible interactions which were demonstrated by zone ultracentrifugation. Interactions between C5 and C6 occurred in absence of C7 and between C5 and C7 in absence of C6. Presence of C6, however, enhanced the association of C5 and C7. Formation of a stable C5–C6 complex was effected by the complement enzyme . This complex () had a sedimentation coefficient of 12 to 14S and exhibited the ability to attach itself firmly to non-sensitized sheep erythrocytes (E) in presence of C7. activity was also generated by trypsin or plasmin, suggesting the existence of a new pathway of complement activation by non-complement enzymes beginning with C5. produced with trypsin or displayed typical ultrastructural membrane lesions and was susceptible to lysis by C8 and C9. Regardless of experimental conditions, C5, C6, and C7 were taken up by the surface of cells in equimolar quantities. The affinity between native C5, C6, and C7 displayed in free solution, and the equimolarity of the cell-bound equivalents, support the concept of a firm trimolecular assembly as the topologic base of the membrane attack mechanism of complement.
Individual stock investor sentiment, stock issuance, and financial market anomalies

There is an interaction effect between cross sectional variation in individual stock investor sentiment and a broad set of financial market anomalies. An average anomaly strategy earns higher (lower) 3-factor alpha conditioned on higher (lower) individual stock investor sentiment. This is mainly driven by the very negative alpha of the high sentiment conditioned short leg of each anomaly. Consequently, buying the low sentiment long leg of each anomaly and shorting the high sentiment short leg of each anomaly yields 0.434% to 0.474% more in monthly three-factor alpha than an unconditional anomaly strategy on average. In contrast, buying the high sentiment long leg of each anomaly and shorting the low sentiment short leg of each anomaly result in no alpha on average. I present novel evidence that the financial market anomalies are mispricings: firms act as arbitrageurs and tend to issue shares if they are in the short leg of an anomaly. In contrast, firms tend to repurchase shares and/or pay cash dividends if they are in the long leg of an anomaly. Individual stock investor sentiment exaggerates these effects. In particular, firms in the high sentiment short leg of anomalies trade equity ownership for cash or services (e.g. issuance of shares) while firms in the low sentiment long leg of anomalies pay or trade cash for equity ownership (e.g. cash dividends). The difference, measured using the Daniel and Titman (2006) composite issuance measure, is on average 0.535% to 0.632% per month. This is stronger than the unconditional effect by 0.132% to 0.351% per month. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Finance First Advisor Donald B. Keim
ReviewEvolutionary Conflicts of Interest between Males and Females

Sexual conflict arises from differences in the evolutionary interests of males and females and can occur over traits related to courtship, mating and fertilisation through to parental investment. Theory shows that sexual conflict can lead to sexually antagonistic coevolution (SAC), where adaptation in one sex can lead to counter-adaptation in the other. Thus, sexual conflict can lead to evolutionary change within species. In addition, SAC can — through its effects on traits related to the probability of mating and of zygote formation — potentially lead to reproductive isolation. In this review, I discuss that, although sexual conflict is ubiquitous, the actual expression of sexual conflict leading to SAC is less frequent. The balance between the benefits and costs of the manipulation of one sex by the other, and the availability of mechanisms by which conflict is expressed, determine whether actual sexual conflict is likely to occur. New insights address the relationship between sexual conflict and conflict resolution, adaptation, sexual selection and fitness. I suggest that it will be useful to examine systematically the parallels and contrasts between sexual and other evolutionary conflicts. Understanding why some traits, but not others, are subject to evolutionary change by SAC will require data on the mechanisms of the traits involved and on the relative benefits and costs of manipulation and resistance to manipulation.
VALUATION OF TRAVEL-TIME SAVINGS AND PREDICTABILITY IN CONGESTED CONDITIONS FOR HIGHWAY USER-COST ESTIMATION

This report contains the findings of a study to develop methodologies for measuring the effects of congestion on the values highway users place on travel-time savings and predictability. The methodologies were used to generate values for factors for different degrees of congestion. The study also defines an approach for incorporating these factors in highway user-cost estimates. The contents of this report, therefore, will be of immediate interest to highway professionals responsible for planning, administering, and financing highway improvements, as well as those involved in highway operations, capacity, and traffic control. The report also will be of interest to those concerned with freight transportation issues as well as environmental, safety, and human performance issues.
Analysis of TAS/MRC based MIMO Systems over η − µ Fading Channels

ABSTRACT In this paper, we derive expressions for exact, approximate, and asymptotic symbol error rate (SER) of transmit antenna selection with maximal ratio combining (TAS/MRC) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems for several modulation schemes. We have assumed independent and identically distributed η − µ fading channels. We use a moment generating function (MGF) based approach to derive the expressions of SER. The expression for approximate SER is derived by approximating Q Function as a sum of exponentials. The expressions of SER are in the form of sum of converging infinite series for all values of fading parameters. The analytical expressions derived in this paper are also applicable to the SER performance analysis of TAS with selection combining at receiver (TAS/SC) systems. The analytical results are validated by comparing them with the results of extensive Monte Carlo simulations for different values of fading parameters. Finally, the SER performance of TAS/MRC systems and TAS/SC systems has been compared and superiority of TAS/MRC systems over TAS/SC systems has been demonstrated.
Medical Assistant Coaching to Support Diabetes Self-Care Among Low-Income Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations

Innovative, culturally tailored strategies are needed to extend diabetes education and support efforts in lower-resourced primary care practices serving racial/ethnic minority groups. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) examined the effect of a diabetes self-care coaching intervention delivered by medical assistants and the joint effect of intervention and ethnicity over time. The randomized repeated-measures design included 270 low-income African American and Hispanic/Latino patients with type 2 diabetes. The 1-year clinic- and telephone-based medical assistant coaching intervention was culturally tailored and guided by theoretical frameworks. A1C was obtained, and a self-care measure was completed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects models with and without adjustment for covariates. There was a significant overall improvement in mean self-care scores across time, but no intervention effect. Results revealed differences in self-care patterns across racial/ethnic subgroups. No differences were found for A1C levels across time or group.
The Financial Rewards of Sustainability: A Global Performance Study of Real Estate Investment Trusts

This study shows for the first time, that investing comprehensively in sustainability as measured by the GRESB rating) pays off for REITs by enhancing operational performance and lowering risk exposure and volatility. Analyzing a sample of REITs from North America, Asia and Europe for the 2011-14 time period, it also appears that there is a great deal of untapped potential, particularly in the REIT community, to improve the sustainability performance of corporate real-estate portfolios. For real estate assets to maintain their competitive positioning, it is critical that their owners invest in measures that improve their sustainability.
Can blood flow assays help to identify clinically relevant differences in von Willebrand factor functionality in von Willebrand disease types 1–3? 1

J . J . ZWAGINGA,* K . S . SAKAR IASSEN , M. R . K ING , T . G . D IACOVO,§ E . F . GRABOWSK I ,– G. NASH,** M. H OY LAERTS , J . W . M. HEEMSKER K and THE B IORHEOLOGY SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE SSC OF THE I STH *Department of Experimental Immunohaematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam and Immunohaematology Bloodtransfusion, University Hospital Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands; KellSa s.a. s. , Biella, Italy; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, NY; §Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; –Cardiovascular Thrombosis Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital–Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; **Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences and MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Department of Biochemistry, CARIM, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
A small heat shock protein from Leuconostoc oenos induced by multiple stresses and during stationary growth phase

In Leuconostoc oenos, a malolactic bacterium, the synthesis of a stress protein called LO18 with an apparent molecular mass of 18 kDa was greatly induced after heat (42°C), acid (pH 3) or ethanolic (12% (v/v)) shocks. Moreover, the LO18 protein synthesis was induced in stationary growth phase and was detected for a long time (30 h) during this growth phase. Significant identity was found between the N‐terminal parts of the LO18 protein and the Hsp18 from Clostridium acetobutylicum suggesting that LO18 protein belongs to the family of small heat shock proteins conserved in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Interaction Design Beyond the Product: Creating Technology-Enhanced Activity Spaces

The field of interaction design to date has been predominantly concerned with designing products, that is, devices, systems, and more recently services. A growing body of theoretical and empirical analyses suggests that the scope of interaction design needs to be expanded: An explicit concern of the field should include not only helping designers create better products but also helping people themselves create better environments for their work, learning, and leisure activities. In this article we argue that expanding the scope of interaction design beyond products requires a revision of some of the most central concepts in interaction design, including the notion of “the object of design” and our understanding of the impact of technologies on human practices. The aim of the article is to explore some of these conceptual challenges and discuss possible ways of dealing with them. We differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic technology-enabled practice transformation, and foreground the need for interaction design research and practice to more directly deal with analysis and construction of technology-enhanced activity spaces. The implications of these notions for the research agenda of interaction design are discussed.
Secret Precoding-Aided Spatial Modulation

In this letter, the precoding-aided spatial modulation (PSM) is generalized to a secret PSM (SPSM) scheme, which has the capability to resist malicious eavesdropping from an eavesdropper that is unknown to the transmitter. We design a time-varying precoder for the SPSM so that it can retain all the PSM's advantages at the desired receiver while producing time-varying interference to the eavesdropper. The secrecy capacity of our proposed SPSM is studied, and the optimal power allocation between signal and interference transmission is investigated. Our studies and performance results demonstrate that our SPSM can significantly improve the secrecy performance of the PSM, particularly in a high-signal-to-noise-ratio region. Furthermore, the SPSM is capable of achieving a nonzero secrecy rate even when the eavesdropper has more antennas than the desired receiver.