Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classifying and Segmenting Classical and Modern Standard Arabic using Minimum Cross-Entropy

Text classification is the process of assigning a text or a document to various predefined classes or categories to reflect their contents. With the rapid growth of Arabic text on the Web, studies that address the problems of classification and segmentation of the Arabic language are limited compared to other languages, most of which implement word-based and feature extraction algorithms. This paper adopts a PPM character-based compression scheme to classify and segment Classical Arabic (CA) and Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) texts. An initial experiment using the PPM classification method on samples of text resulted in an accuracy of 95.5%, an average precision of 0.958, an average recall of 0.955 and an average F-measure of 0.954, using the concept of minimum cross-entropy. PPM-based classification experiments on standard Arabic corpora showed that they contained different types of text (CA or MSA), or a mixture of the both (CA and MSA). Further experiments with the same corpora showed that a more accurate picture of the contents of the corpora was possible using the PPM-based segmentation method. Tag-based compression experiments (using tags produced by parts-of-speech Arabic taggers) also showed that the quality of the tagging (as measured by compression quality) is significantly affected when tagging either CA and MSA text. The conclusion is that NLP applications (such as taggers) should treat these texts separately and use different training data for each or process them differently.
Configuration of the TP53 Gene as an Independent Prognostic Parameter of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) consists of a heterogeneous group of acquired hematopoietic stem cell disorders, characterized by bone marrow failure and leukemic transformation. Since hematological manifestations and clinical outcomes vary widely among MDS patients, a considerable number of studies have tried to identify the prognostic parameters for the stratification of patients into different risk groups. Based on reported risk-based studies, the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) was proposed as a reliable risk assessment method for primary MDS patients, and several validating studies have clarified its usefulness. Critical prognostic parameters of the IPSS consist of chromosome findings, the percentage of marrow blasts, and the number of peripheral blood cytopenias. Although other laboratory findings, including several molecular alterations, have been identified as convincing prognostic factors in MDS, these molecular configurations were not selected as prognostic parameters in the IPSS, because analysis for these alterations were not routinely available for the management of patients with MDS. Because recent advances in molecular genetics may make it available as a routine work-up of MDS in the future, we discuss potential improvement of the IPSS by the addition of molecular analysis to the system, with particular reference to the configuration of the TP53 gene.
Abstinence and current or former alcohol use as predictors of disability retirement in Finland

Aim: According to previous studies, abstinence from alcohol increases the risk of disability retirement (DR). We studied whether former alcohol users’ poor mental or physical health might have contributed to this result. Methods: Prospective population-based study of 3621 occupationally active Finns aged 30–55 years at baseline. Disability pension data for 2000−2011 was retrieved from national pension records. We examined medically certified disability retirement due to all causes and due to mental disorders among lifelong abstainers, former drinkers, those with an alcohol use disorder irrespective of consumption and current users, further classified according to weekly intake of alcohol. Chronic somatic diseases were evaluated in a clinical examination and common mental and alcohol use disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Cox regression was used. Results: Neither lifelong abstinence nor alcohol consumption, even at hazardous levels, without alcohol use disorder was associated with disability retirement. Compared with light drinkers, former drinkers’ hazard ratio for DR due to mental disorders was 2.67 (95% CI 1.39−5.13), allowing for somatic and mental morbidity, physical and psychosocial workload, health behaviour and socio-demographic factors. The respective hazard ratio of DR due to all causes for those with alcohol use disorder was 2.17 (1.49−3.16) and of DR due to mental disorders 4.04 (2.02 to 8.06). Conclusions: Lifelong abstinence did not predict disability retirement. Former drinkers and people with alcohol use disorders were at a multi-fold risk of work disability due to mental disorders compared with light drinkers, thus it is important to support their work ability.
Microcontroller based fault detection and protection system for induction motor

In working AC Induction motor problems that arise are common nowadays. Here a new protection method is implemented, which is low cost and reliable. The fault that occurs normally in the motor are high temperature, over load, over voltage/current, under voltage/current etc. Insulation failure of motor and life of the motor is reduced due to the electrical faults that are mentioned above. This protection system is implemented by using microcontroller 89C51.
Adaptation into European Spanish of the Automated Working Memory Test Battery (AWMA)

iversidThe current study presents the adaptation of Automated Working Memory Assessment into European Spanish, considering the need of calibration for accent and linguistic issues not supported by the version available. For this purpose, verbal material was carefully and properly selected, considering specificities of the European Spanish, in order to control possible effects of psycholinguistic factors, such as word length or lexical frequency, and technical aspects such as stimuli presentation speed and sound quality were also tuned. An exploratory sample of 81 children from 7- to 9-year-old was assessed to confirm that the adaptation is suitable for further use, besides, their scores were contrasted with the Argentinean children. The data showed proper validity and reliability scores, which characterize this version as a useful instrument for research purposes, and its usage in further studies should be encourage to gather normative data for Spaniards.
The Effectiveness of the Functional Magnetic Stimulation Therapy in Treating Sciatica Syndrome

Introduction: Degenerative or traumatic causes are most common in generating sciatica syndrome, which is normally treated with well-known physical therapy methods. A relatively new way of treating sciatica problems is so-called functional magnetic stimulation (FMS), whose principle is based on electromagnetic field inducing electrical field inside the body. Electrical field triggers action potential of nerve cells and that way stimulates peripheral motor nerve system. Aim: Aim of this study is to measure and estimate the effectiveness of implementing therapy with functional magnetic stimulation in regular physical treatment of sciatica syndrome. Materials and Methods: 28 male patients aged between 30 and 55 with back problem were recruited on an outpatient basis. FMS therapy was performed with TESLA Stym? device (Iskra Medical d.o.o., Slovenia) treating lumbosacral region equally on both sides of the spine. Physical examination was performed to evaluate tree parameters: the mobility of the lumbar spine in flexion and extension, together with the straight leg raise test (Lasegue sign). We estimated patients’ progress, comparing angle values of mobility from the first examination day with other examination days. Results: In FMS treated group of patients, lumbosacral flexion, extension and Lasegue test angle were significantly higher compared to day 0 on the first physical examination day (day 3) (p < 0.05). In control group such increase of a measured angle was not noticed until a second physical examination day (day 5) or a third physical examination day (day 8) (p < 0.05). Discussion: Results in this study showed that applying FMS therapy along with other standard physical therapy methods rapidly increased effectiveness of the treatment of sciatica syndrome (lat. ischialgia). It suggests that functional magnetic therapy could be suggested as a regular physical therapy method in treating this kind of pain syndromes.
The Escherichia coli unc transcription terminator enhances expression of uncC, encoding the e subunit of F1‐ATPase, from plasmids by stabilizing the transcript

The effect of the unc transcription terminator on expression of uncC, encoding the e subunit of Escherichia coli F1‐ATPase, from plasmids was studied. The cloned sequence in pTK1 included the uncC ribosome binding site, the uncC structural gene, and unc transcription terminator. The cloned region in pSD37 was similar, but lacked the unc transcription terminator. Transformants carrying pTK1 produced the e subunit of F1‐ATPase, encoded by uncC, in 10‐fold greater abundance than transformants carrying pSD37. Northern blots revealed similar differences in the steady‐state uncC mRNA levels. The half‐life of the message transcribed from pTK1 was 90–100 seconds, while that from pSD37 was 25–30 seconds. These studies indicate the importance of message stabilization through features at the 3 end of the transcript in ensuring adequate production of. We have exploited this stabilization to develop a simple, efficient, and gentle method of purifying the overproduced subunit.
Curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for nasal administration: design, characterization, and in vivo study

Abstract Cancer nanotherapeutics is beginning to overwhelm the global research and viewed to be the revolutionary treatment regime in the medical field. This investigation describes the development of a stable nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) system as a carrier for curcumin (CRM). The CRM-loaded NLC developed as a particle with the size of 146.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.18, an entrapment efficiency (EE) of 90.86%, and the zeta potential (ZP) of −21.4 mV. Besides, the increased cytotoxicity of CRM-NLC than that of CRM to astrocytoma-glioblastoma cell line (U373MG) in the cancer cell lines was observed. Results of biodistribution studies showed higher drug concentration in brain after intranasal administration of NLCs than PDS. The results of the study also suggest that CRM-NLC is a promising drug delivery system for brain cancer therapy.
A Highly Stabilized GaAs FET Oscillator Using a Dielectric Resonator Feedback Circuit in 9-14 GHz

A new type of highly stabilized GaAs FET oscillator using a dielectric resonator and a stabilization resistor in the feedback circuit has been developed in 9-14 GHz. A small sized MIC oscillator has a frequency stability of /spl plusmn/ 200 KHz (-20~+60 /spl degree/C) at 11.6 GHz.
VALIDAÇÃO DE EQUAÇÕES ANTROPOMÉTRICAS PARA A ESTIMATIVA DA DENSIDADE CORPORAL EM HOMENS

Este estudo teve dois objetivos principais: (1) testar a validade de 41 equacoes antropometricas, disponiveis na literatura eventualmente utilizadas para a estimativa da densidade corporal em homens brasileiros; (2) analisar a precisao das equacoes generalizadas e especificas para a estimativa da densidade corporal e/ou %G na amostra estudada. Foram envolvidos no estudo 304 homens das regioes central do RS e litorânea de SC, com media de idade de 30,17 ± 9,78 anos. As dobras cutâneas (DCs) foram mensuradas em nove diferentes locais e as circunferencias em cinco. Utilizou-se a densidade corporal (D) mensurada (Dm) atraves da pesagem hidrostatica, como criterio de validacao, cujo valor medio foi de 1,062131 ± 0,0155 g/ml. A analise de validacao indicou que as equacoes quadraticas de JACKSON e POLLOCK(1978), que usam a idade, a soma de tres e sete DCs e as circunferencias do antebraco e do abdomen, assim como a logaritmica de tres DCs, sao as generalizadas que possuem validade concorrente para a estimativa de valores de D em homens brasileiros. Cinco equacoes especificas (n° 24 a 28) de GUEDES (1985) e a SLOAN (1967), tambem mostraram-se validas para a estimativa de valores densidade corporal. Pode-se concluir que estas equacoes apresentam validade concorrente para a estimativa da densidade corporal; e, que as equacoes generalizadas mostraram-se mais precisas que as especificas, na estimativa de valores de densidade corporal em homens brasileiros.
Sufficiently strong dispersion removes ill-posedness in truncated series models of water waves

Truncated series models of gravity water waves are popular for use in simulation. Recent work has shown that these models need not inherit the well-posedness properties of the full equations of motion (the irrotational, incompressible Euler equations). We show that if one adds a sufficiently strong dispersive term to a quadratic truncated series model, the system then has a well-posed initial value problem. Such dispersion can be relevant in certain physical contexts, such as in the case of a bending force present at the free surface, as in a hydroelastic sheet.
Large-Signal Model for Independent DG MOSFET

In this paper, we show the limitations of the traditional charge linearization techniques for modeling terminal charges of the independent double-gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. Based on our recent computationally efficient Poisson solution for independent double gate transistors, we propose a new charge linearization technique to model the terminal charges and transcapacitances. We report two different types of quasistatic large-signal models for the long-channel device. In the first type, the terminal charges are expressed as closed-form functions of the source- and drain-end inversion charge densities and found to be accurate when the potential distribution at source end of the channel is hyperbolic in nature. The second type, which is found to be accurate in all regimes of operations, is based on the quadratic spline collocation technique and requires the input voltage equation to be solved two more times, apart from the source and drain ends.
A Delphi investigation into the research needs in Swedish librarianship

This article reports on the conduct of a national survey in Sweden to establish the desired research priorities for libraries. Results. Consensus among panel members was not achieved during the survey rounds, but the workshop resulted in the identification of the ten highest priority themes. The public, regional and school libraries are more concerned with relation of libraries to education and society at large, while academic and special libraries emphasize the changes in scholarly and business communication and the impact of new technologies. Conclusions. The consensus among different Swedish library sectors regarding the top research agenda can be reached only conditionally. Strong differences between them remain and have to be taken into account when implementing the agenda. The panel members regard the library future as uncertain and prioritize the topics that can help to foster readers and library users and strengthen strategic positions of libraries.
Scene content is predominantly conveyed by high spatial frequencies in scene-selective visual cortex

In complex real-world scenes, image content is conveyed by a large collection of intertwined visual features. The visual system disentangles these features in order to extract information about image content. Here, we investigate the role of one integral component: the content of spatial frequencies in an image. Specifically, we measure the amount of image content carried by low versus high spatial frequencies for the representation of real-world scenes in scene-selective regions of human visual cortex. To this end, we attempted to decode scene categories from the brain activity patterns of participants viewing scene images that contained the full spatial frequency spectrum, only low spatial frequencies, or only high spatial frequencies, all carefully controlled for contrast and luminance. Contrary to the findings from numerous behavioral studies and computational models that have highlighted how low spatial frequencies preferentially encode image content, decoding of scene categories from the scene-selective brain regions, including the parahippocampal place area (PPA), was significantly more accurate for high than low spatial frequency images. In fact, decoding accuracy was just as high for high spatial frequency images as for images containing the full spatial frequency spectrum in scene-selective areas PPA, RSC, OPA and object selective area LOC. We also found an interesting dissociation between the posterior and anterior subdivisions of PPA: categories were decodable from both high and low spatial frequency scenes in posterior PPA but only from high spatial frequency scenes in anterior PPA; and spatial frequency was explicitly decodable from posterior but not anterior PPA. Our results are consistent with recent findings that line drawings, which consist almost entirely of high spatial frequencies, elicit a neural representation of scene categories that is equivalent to that of full-spectrum color photographs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the importance of high spatial frequencies for conveying the content of complex real-world scenes.
Robustness Testing of a Tablet Formulation Using Multivariate Design

ABSTRACT A total of 45 experiments were carried out to evaluate the robustness of two similar tablet formulations—a product of two strengths—with respect to normal batch-to-batch variation of the excipients and the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The formulations consist of 10 ingredients. Because of the differing amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients, the two formulations also differ in the amounts of two of the diluents and one of the binders. The excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredient were characterized in terms of multiple variables, and principal properties were calculated with principal component analysis. A Plackett and Burman design was applied to the principal properties. The relationships between the design factors and two responses, mean disintegration time and mean crushing strength, were evaluated by using regression methods. Both formulations were found to be robust under controlled conditions.
Functional and Metabolic Imaging of the Cardiovascular System in Young Healthy South Asians and Caucasians Unveils Early Differences

South Asians, representing one-fifth of the world’s population, have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) than Caucasians (1). Moreover, CVD is more aggressive in this population (1). Traditional risk factors per se do not explain these between-ethnic group differences (1,2). Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes are also highly prevalent in South Asians (3). Because the mortality risk of CVD associated with type 2 diabetes is higher in South Asians than in Caucasians (2,4), the excess CVD risk in South Asians might be due to inherent ethnicity-associated structural cardiac features and/or a higher cardiac susceptibility to metabolic disorders. Because it is unknown whether differences already exist in cardiac dimensions and function at a young age between these ethnicities, we studied these features in young South Asians and Caucasians and subjected both groups to a short-term high-fat, high-caloric (HFHC) diet to study cardiac response to metabolic stress. Cardiac dimensions, cardiovascular function, and fat distribution were assessed with a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance spectroscopy scanner in young, healthy male South Asians and Caucasians ( n = 12 for each ethnicity; mean age 22.1 ± 0.4 years; BMI 20.9 ± 0.4 vs. 22.2 ± 0.6 kg/m2, respectively; P = 0.11) …
Reducing TCAM power consumption and increasing throughput

TCAMs have been an emerging technology for packet forwarding in the networking industry. They are fast and easy to use. However, due to their inherent parallel structure they consume high power - much higher than SRAMs or DRAMs. A system using four TCAMs could consume upto 60 watts. The power issue is one of the chief disadvantages of TCAMs over RAM based methods for forwarding. For a system using multiple TCAMs we present methods to significantly reduce TCAM power consumption for forwarding, making it comparable to RAM based forwarding solutions. Using our techniques one can use a TCAM for forwarding at 3 to 4 watts worst case. Our techniques also have an interesting connotation to TCAM forwarding rates. For a static distribution of requests we present methods that make the forwarding rate of a system proportional to the number of TCAMs. So if a system has four TCAMs, one could achieve a four fold performance of that of a single TCAM for a static distribution of requests.
Coulomb interactions and the integer quantum Hall effect: Screening and transport.

We examine the influence of Coulomb interactions on the integer quantum Hall effect in high-mobility, wide spacer-layer heterostructures. In these devices, the potential due to disorder is expected to be smooth on the scale of the spacer-layer thickness, which can be much larger than the magnetic length. Screening of this potential is accompanied by large fluctuations in electron density and has dramatic consequences. In particular, the screened potential can be pinned to the Fermi energy in regions of the sample, and these regions can percolate over a range of Landau-level filling fractions. We present a theory for transport that includes screening within the Thomas-Fermi approximation
Unconstrained handwritten numeral recognition based on radial basis competitive and cooperative networks with spatio-temporal feature representation

This paper presents a new approach to representation and recognition of handwritten numerals. The approach first transforms a two-dimensional (2-D) spatial representation of a numeral into a three-dimensional (3-D) spatio-temporal representation by identifying the tracing sequence based on a set of heuristic rules acting as transformation operators. A multiresolution critical-point segmentation method is then proposed to extract local feature points, at varying degrees of scale and coarseness. A new neural network architecture, referred to as radial-basis competitive and cooperative network (RCCN), is presented especially for handwritten numeral recognition. RCCN is a globally competitive and locally cooperative network with the capability of self-organizing hidden units to progressively achieve desired network performance, and functions as a universal approximator of arbitrary input-output mappings. Three types of RCCNs are explored: input-space RCCN (IRCCN), output-space RCCN (ORCCN), and bidirectional RCCN (BRCCN). Experiments against handwritten zip code numerals acquired by the U.S. Postal Service indicated that the proposed method is robust in terms of variations, deformations, transformations, and corruption, achieving about 97% recognition rate.