Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AXR1-ECR1–Dependent Conjugation of RUB1 to the Arabidopsis Cullin AtCUL1 Is Required for Auxin Response Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.010282.

Mutations in the AXR1 gene result in a reduction in auxin response and diverse defects in auxin-regulated growth and development. In a previous study, we showed that AXR1 forms a heterodimer with the ECR1 protein. This enzyme activates the ubiquitin-related protein RUB1 in vitro. Furthermore, we showed that the Skp1-Cul1/Cdc53-F-box (SCF) subunit AtCUL1 is modified by RUB1 in vivo. In this report, we demonstrate that the formation of RUB-AtCUL1 is dependent on AXR1 and ECR1 in vivo. The expression of AXR1 and ECR1 is restricted to zones of active cell division and cell elongation, consistent with their role in growth regulation. These results provide strong support for a model in which RUB conjugation of AtCUL1 affects the function of SCF E3s that are required for auxin response.
A LEVEL SET METHOD FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PARAXIAL GEOMETRICAL OPTICS WITH MULTIPLE POINT SOURCES ⁄

We apply the level set method to compute the three dimensional multivalued ge- ometrical optics term in a paraxial formulation. The paraxial formulation is obtained from the 3-D stationary eikonal equation by using one of the spatial directions as the artiflcial evolution direction. The advection velocity fleld used to move level sets is obtained by the method of char- acteristics; therefore the motion of level sets is deflned in phase space. The multivalued travel-time and amplitude-related quantity are obtained from solving advection equations with source terms. We derive an amplitude formula in a reduced phase space which is very convenient to use in the level set framework. By using a semi-Lagrangian method in the paraxial formulation, the method has O(N 2 ) rather than O(N 4 ) memory storage requirement for up to O(N 2 ) multiple point sources in the flve dimensional phase space, where N is the number of mesh points along one direction. Although the computational complexity is still O(MN 4 ), where M is the number of steps in the ODE solver for the semi-Lagrangian scheme, this disadvantage is largely overcome by the fact that up to O(N 2 ) multiple point sources can be treated simultaneously. Three dimensional numerical examples demonstrate the e-ciency and accuracy of the method.
A Multiplex Reverse Transcription-PCR Method for Detection of Human Enteric Viruses in Groundwater

ABSTRACT Untreated groundwater is responsible for about half of the waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Human enteric viruses are thought to be leading etiological agents of many of these outbreaks, but there is relatively little information on the types and levels of viruses found in groundwater. To address this problem, monthly samples from 29 groundwater sites were analyzed for 1 year for enteroviruses, hepatitis A virus, Norwalk virus, reoviruses, and rotaviruses by multiplex reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). A procedure with which to remove environmental RT-PCR inhibitors from groundwater samples was developed. The procedure allowed an average of 71 liters of the original groundwater to be assayed per RT-PCR, with an average virus recovery rate of 74%, based on seeded samples. Human enteric viruses were detected in 16% of the groundwater samples analyzed, with reoviruses being the most frequently detected virus group.
Psychological Capital and Job Performance: The Mediating Role of Work Attitudes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among Psychological Capital (PsyCap), work attitudes and job performance of the employees in the banking sector in Sri Lanka. The sample consisted of 176 managers and 357 non-managerial employees. A questionnaire was administered among the employees as the measuring instrument. The collected data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and regression. The results of the study indicated that there was a significantly positive relationship between PsyCap and job performance, PsyCap and work attitudes, work attitudes and job performance. Work attitudes were found to mediate the relationship between PsyCap and job performance of the employees in the banking sector in Sri Lanka.
Spectral Shift Amplification and Polarization-Controlled Spectral Shift with Silver Metal

The spectral shift amplification effect and polarization-controlled spectral shifts are studied using silver (Ag) metal. The spectral shift amplification factor can be doubled by using silver compared with using water. The solid Ag metal surface also provides orientation freedom for polarization-controlled spectral shifts, benefiting data transmission applications in any direction. The liquid water interface provides only limited direction at the Brewster angle. Besides those advantages, the higher reflectivity of Ag reflects higher spectral intensity, which makes the signal easier to detect. The spectral switch phenomenon that depends on the central wavelength variation is also presented.
The Development of Mathematical Skills

Section 1: Pre-school mathematical understanding. Numerical competence in infants. A developmental perspective on children's counting. Symbolic function in pre-schoolers. Section 2: Mathematical understanding and mathematical performance. The relationship between conceptual and procedural knowledge in learning mathematics: A review. Doing mathematics as situated practice. Mathematics across national boundaries: Cultural and linguistic perspectives on numerical competence. Section 3: Working memory and mental calculation: Effects of age and anxiety. Children's mental arithmetic and working memory. On the cognitive consequences of mathematics anxiety. Section 4: Sources of individual difference in mathematical development. Cognitive neuropyschology and developmental dyscalculia. Is hearing impairment a cause of difficulties in learning mathematics? Number without language? Studies of children with specific language impairments. Individual differences in normal arithmetical development.
Impaired decision making as a risk factor for college student drinking

The primary aim of the present study was to determine whether impairment on neuropsychological measures of decision making predicts increased alcohol use among college students. It was hypothesized that poorer performance on measures of decision making would predict linear increase on indicators of alcohol consumption across the first year of college. An additional aim was to assess whether established risk factors for college student drinking would moderate the association between decision making abilities and increased alcohol consumption, with the expectation that decision making would be more strongly associated with escalation in alcohol use for participants that are male, have a family history of alcohol abuse, report a longer history of pre-college alcohol use, hold more positive alcohol expectancies, and are more impulsive. Aims were pursued in a relatively homogeneous sample of first year college students (N = 136), using a prospective, longitudinal design in which decision making and drinking were assessed at three time-points during the first year of college. Participants additionally provided sociodemographic information and completed self-report impulsivity and alcohol expectancy questionnaires at each assessment. Results showed that drinking and associated negative consequences increased over time during the participants first year in college. However, there was generally little support for the hypotheses that poor decision making abilities are a risk factor for increased alcohol consumption, and that the association is moderated by established risk factors for drinking. Results suggest the need to consider whether drinking is indeed indicative of impaired decision making and underscore the importance of including other factors, especially perceived benefits and
Obstacle detection and classification fusing radar and vision

This paper presents a system whose aim is to detect and classify road obstacles, like pedestrians and vehicles, by fusing data coming from different sensors: a camera, a radar, and an inertial sensor. The camera is mainly used to refine the vehiclespsila boundaries detected by the radar and to discard those who might be false positives; at the same time, a symmetry based pedestrian detection algorithm is executed, and its results are merged with a set of regions of interest, provided by a Motion Stereo technique.
A microcode-based memory BIST implementing modified march algorithm

A new microcode-based BIST (built-in self test) circuitry for embedded memory components is proposed in this paper. The memory BIST implements march algorithms which are slightly modified by adopting DOF (degree of freedom) concept to detect ADOFs (address decoder open faults) on top of conventional stuck faults. Furthermore it is shown that the march BIST modified can capture a few NPSFs (neighborhood pattern sensitive faults) coupled with the cellular automata address generator and patterns. The microcode-based memory BIST proposed lends itself to performing different combinations of march and retention tests with less microcode storage than the other approaches.
The influence of weak parental and peer attachment on academic achievement among late adolescent college students

OF T DISSERTATION THE INFLUENCE OF WEAK PARENTAL AND PEER ATTACHMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG LATE ADOLESCENT COLLEGE STUDENTS by Michael Erik Fass Florida International University, 1998 Miami, Florida Professor Jonathan G. Tubman, Major Professor The current study examined the influence of weak parental and peer attachment on academic achievement among late adolescent college students. In previous research, weak attachment to parents and/or peers had been found to have an adverse influence on the academic success of college students. This study also examined the potential moderating influence of several cognitive and non-cognitive psychosocial variables that might act as protective factors for weakly attached students and, therefore, enhance their academic co etece. Data regarding attachment, cognitive variables, and non-cognitive variables were collected using several self-report measures. The multi-ethnic sample of students in this study (n = 357) attended an urban university. Students were classified into one of nine parental-peer attachment groups (e.g., Low-Low, Medium-Medium, High-High). Attachment groups were compared in terms of cognitive and non-cognitive variables. Contrary to the hypothesis, no statistically significant academic achievement differences
LIMSI ICD10 coding Experiments on CépiDC Death Certificate Statements

We describe LIMSI experiments in ICD10 coding of death certificate statements with the CépiDc dataset of the CLEF eHealth 2016 Track 2. We tested a classifier with humanly-interpretable output, based on IR-style ranking of candidate ICD10 diagnoses. A tf.idf-weighted bagof-feature vector was built for each training set code by merging all the statements found for this code in the training data. Given a new statement, we ranked candidate codes with Cosine similarity. Features included meta-information and n-grams of normalized tokens. We also prepared an ICD chapter classifier with the same method and used it to rerank the top-k codes (k=2) returned by the code classifier. For development we focused on mono-code statements and obtained a P@1 of 0.749 increased to 0.778 by chapter reranking. On the test data we returned one code for each statement, leaving multiple code assignment for future work, and obtained a precision, recall and F-measure of (0.7650, 0.5686, 0.6524).
Role of Glu318 and Thr319 in the catalytic function of cytochrome P450d (P4501A2): effects of mutations on the methanol hydroxylation

Polar amino acids in the (putative) distal site are well conserved in P450s. For example, Glu318 for P450d is well conserved as either Glu or Asp for P450s, and Thr319 for P450d is also conserved for P450s. We have studied how mutations at Glu318 and Thr319 of P450d influence the catalytic activity toward methanol associated with the activation of O2. Catalytic activities of Glu318Asp, Glu318Ala, and Thr319Ala mutants toward methanol were 60, 25, and 38%, respectively, compared with that of the wild type. O2 consumption and NADPH oxidation rates of each mutants varied corresponding to the catalytic activities. However, surprisingly, efficiency (16–40%) of incorporated O to the substrate vs. consumed O2 for the Glu318Ala and Thr319Ala mutants were higher than that (9%) of the wild type. In addition, H2O2, which is produced from uncoupling for the wild‐type P450d, was not observed for reaction of the Glu318Ala and Thr319Ala mutants. It seemed that consumed O2 was partially reduced to 2 mol of H2O by 4‐electron transfer from NADPH for the wild‐type and Thr319Ala mutant. However, for the two Glu318 mutants, it appeared that the consumed O2 was not reduced in the same way. It was thus suggested that the conserved Glu318 and Thr319 of P450d are not essential for the activation of O2 in the methanol oxidation. Role of the water molecule or the methanol molecule in the catalytic function was implied. —Hiroya, K. ; Ishigooka, M. ; Shimizu, T. ; Hatano, M. Role of Gly318 and Thr319 in the catalytic function of cytochrome P450d: effects of mutations on the methanol hydroxylation. FASEB J. 6: 749‐751; 1992.
The capital asset pricing model versus the three factor model: A United Kingdom Perspective

The Sharpe (1964), Lintner (1965) and Black (1972) Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) postulates that the equilibrium rates of return on all risky assets are a linear function of their covariance with the market portfolio. Recent work by Fama and French (1996, 2006) introduce a Three Factor Model that questions the â€œreal world applicationâ€ of the CAPM Theorem and its ability to explain stock returns as well as value premium effects in the United States market. This paper provides an out-of-sample perspective to the work of Fama and French (1996, 2006). Multiple regression is used to compare the performance of the CAPM, a split sample CAPM and the Three Factor Model in explaining observed stock returns and value premium effects in the United Kingdom market. The methodology of Fama and French (2006) was used as the framework for this study. The findings show that the Three Factor Model holds for the United Kingdom Market and is superior to the CAPM and the split sample CAPM in explaining both stock returns and value premium effects. The real world application of the CAPM is therefore not supported by the United Kingdom data.
Perspectivas feministas en teoría política

Como afirma Carme Castells, compiladora y traductora de los distintos artículos que componen este volumen: "La presente compilación pretende presentar y dar a conocer algunas de las principales aportaciones teóricas a la teoría y filosofía políticas que se reclaman explícitamente del feminismo y que proceden del ámbito académico británico-estadounidense" . Los textos escogidos, publicados entre los años 1983 y 1995, muestran algunas de las principales aportaciones teóricas a la literatura feminista más reciente y nos presentan, asimismo, a algunas de las más destacadas autoras de esta temática pertenecientes al ámbito anglosajón . Estas autoras se inscriben en las tres principales corrientes o perspectivas filosófico-políticas que caracterizan al pensamiento feminista en la actualidad : la liberal, la socialista y la radical . La selección, tanto de las autoras como de los textos, ha sido difícil, apunta la compiladora, dada la calidad de la producción en teoría feminista y política que se ha desarrollado en los últimos años. Pero su interés se ha centra-
A Case Study on Teachers' Insights into Their Students' Language and Cognition Development through the Andalusian CLIL Programme

In Spain the progressive enforcement of CLIL programmes in compulsory education marks an unprecedented turning point in FL teaching, a shift particularly significant in monolingual Autonomous communities such as Andalusia. On the basis of the results yielded by a case study conducted in one primary and secondary CLIL schools this paper looks into the evidence to support the claim that language and cognition represent two of the major dimensions inherent in CLIL. The data obtained point to perceptible gains in learners� command of CLIL languages and further cognitive development
Direct evidence for positive selection of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation in Europeans during the last 5,000 y

Significance Eye, hair, and skin pigmentation are highly variable in humans, particularly in western Eurasian populations. This diversity may be explained by population history, the relaxation of selection pressures, or positive selection. To investigate whether positive natural selection is responsible for depigmentation within Europe, we estimated the strength of selection acting on three genes known to have significant effects on human pigmentation. In a direct approach, these estimates were made using ancient DNA from prehistoric Europeans and computer simulations. This allowed us to determine selection coefficients for a precisely bounded period in the deep past. Our results indicate that strong selection has been operating on pigmentation-related genes within western Eurasia for the past 5,000 y. Pigmentation is a polygenic trait encompassing some of the most visible phenotypic variation observed in humans. Here we present direct estimates of selection acting on functional alleles in three key genes known to be involved in human pigmentation pathways—HERC2, SLC45A2, and TYR—using allele frequency estimates from Eneolithic, Bronze Age, and modern Eastern European samples and forward simulations. Neutrality was overwhelmingly rejected for all alleles studied, with point estimates of selection ranging from around 2–10% per generation. Our results provide direct evidence that strong selection favoring lighter skin, hair, and eye pigmentation has been operating in European populations over the last 5,000 y.
Expanding low dynamic range videos for high dynamic range applications

In this paper we introduce an algorithm and related methods that expand the contrast range of Low Dynamic Range (LDR) videos in order to regenerate missing High Dynamic Range (HDR) data. For content generated from single exposure LDR sequences, this is clearly an under constrained problem. We achieved the expansion by inverting established tone mapping operator, a process we term inverse tone mapping. This approach is augmented by a number of methods which help expand the luminance for the required pixels while avoiding artifacts. These methods may be used to convert the large libraries of available legacy LDR content for use, for instance, on new content-starved HDR devices. Moreover, these same methods may be used to provide animated emissive surfaces for image based lighting (IBL). We demonstrate results for all the above applications and validate the resultant HDR videos with original HDR references using the HDR Visual Difference Predictor (HDR-VDP) image metric.
A three-stage Colonel Blotto game with applications to cyberphysical security

We consider a three-step three-player complete information Colonel Blotto game in this paper, in which the first two players fight against a common adversary. Each player is endowed with a certain amount of resources at the beginning of the game, and the number of battlefields on which a player and the adversary fights is specified. The first two players are allowed to form a coalition if it improves their payoffs. In the first stage, the first two players may add battlefields and incur costs. In the second stage, the first two players may transfer resources among each other. The adversary observes this transfer, and decides on the allocation of its resources to the two battles with the players. At the third step, the adversary and the other two players fight on the updated number of battlefields and receive payoffs. We characterize the subgame-perfect Nash equilibrium (SPNE) of the game in various parameter regions. In particular, we show that there are certain parameter regions in which if the players act according to the SPNE strategies, then (i) one of the first two players add battlefields and transfer resources to the other player (a coalition is formed), (ii) there is no addition of battlefields and no transfer of resources (no coalition is formed). We discuss the implications of the results on resource allocation for securing cyberphysical systems.
Changes in the Mechanical Properties and Composition of Bone during Microdamage Repair

Under normal conditions, loading activities result in microdamage in the living skeleton, which is repaired by bone remodeling. However, microdamage accumulation can affect the mechanical properties of bone and increase the risk of fracture. This study aimed to determine the effect of microdamage on the mechanical properties and composition of bone. Fourteen male goats aged 28 months were used in the present study. Cortical bone screws were placed in the tibiae to induce microdamage around the implant. The goats were euthanized, and 3 bone segments with the screws in each goat were removed at 0 days, 21 days, 4 months, and 8 months after implantation. The bone segments were used for observing microdamage and bone remodeling, as well as nanoindentation and bone composition, separately. Two regions were measured: the first region (R1), located 1.5 mm from the interface between the screw hole and bone; and the second region (R2), located>1.5 mm from the bone-screw interface. Both diffuse and linear microdamage decreased significantly with increasing time after surgery, with the diffuse microdamage disappearing after 8 months. Thus, screw implantation results in increased bone remodeling either in the proximal or distal cortical bone, which repairs the microdamage. Moreover, bone hardness and elastic modulus decreased with microdamage repair, especially in the proximal bone tissue. Bone composition changed greatly during the production and repair of microdamage, especially for the C (Carbon) and Ca (Calcium) in the R1 region. In conclusion, the presence of mechanical microdamage accelerates bone remodeling either in the proximal or distal cortical bone. The bone hardness and elastic modulus decreased with microdamage repair, with the micromechanical properties being restored on complete repair of the microdamage. Changes in bone composition may contribute to changes in bone mechanical properties.
µ-Calpain Conversion of Antiapoptotic Bfl-1 (BCL2A1) into a Prodeath Factor Reveals Two Distinct alpha-Helices Inducing Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis

Anti-apoptotic Bfl-1 and pro-apoptotic Bax, two members of the Bcl-2 family sharing a similar structural fold, are classically viewed as antagonist regulators of apoptosis. However, both proteins were reported to be death inducers following cleavage by the cysteine protease µ-calpain. Here we demonstrate that calpain-mediated cleavage of full-length Bfl-1 induces the release of C-terminal membrane active α-helices that are responsible for its conversion into a pro-apoptotic factor. A careful comparison of the different membrane-active regions present in the Bfl-1 truncated fragments with homologous domains of Bax show that helix α5, but not α6, of Bfl-1 induces cell death and cytochrome c release from purified mitochondria through a Bax/Bak-dependent mechanism. In contrast, both helices α5 and α6 of Bax permeabilize mitochondria regardless of the presence of Bax or Bak. Moreover, we provide evidence that the α9 helix of Bfl-1 promotes cytochrome c release and apoptosis through a unique membrane-destabilizing action whereas Bax-α9 does not display such activities. Hence, despite a common 3D-structure, C-terminal toxic domains present on Bfl-1 and Bax function in a dissimilar manner to permeabilize mitochondria and induce apoptosis. These findings provide insights for designing therapeutic approaches that could exploit the cleavage of endogenous Bcl-2 family proteins or the use of Bfl-1/Bax-derived peptides to promote tumor cell clearance.