Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Control Approach of Output Probability Density Functions for Dynamic Stochastic Systems Using Parzen Window Estimate

A new control approach is proposed for the control of output probability density function (PDF) for dynamic stochastic systems with unknown prior probability. The Parzen window estimate of PDFs using the kernel function ksigma(ldr) is used to represent the output PDFs of the dynamic stochastic system. This is then followed by a easy programming and a numeral control solution for the output distribution of the system using output PDFs tracking concept. A nonlinear quadratic optimization is performed using the PDFs minimum variance formula as a index performance to measure system characteristics, the Lyapunov stability analysis of this control strategy introduced in this note is performed to show the asymptotic stability of the closed loop system under some conditions.
Ensemble-Based Discovery of Disjoint, Overlapping and Fuzzy Community Structures in Networks

Though much work has been done on ensemble clustering in data mining, the application of ensemble methods to community detection in networks is in its infancy. In this paper, we propose two ensemble methods: ENDISCO and MEDOC. ENDISCO performs disjoint community detection. In contrast, MEDOC performs disjoint, overlapping, and fuzzy community detection and represents the first ever ensemble method for fuzzy and overlapping community detection. We run extensive experiments with both algorithms against both synthetic and several real-world datasets for which community structures are known. We show that ENDISCO and MEDOC both beat the best-known existing standalone community detection algorithms (though we emphasize that they leverage them). In the case of disjoint community detection, we show that both ENDISCO and MEDOC beat an existing ensemble community detection algorithm both in terms of multiple accuracy measures and run-time. We further show that our ensemble algorithms can help explore core-periphery structure of network communities, identify stable communities in dynamic networks and help solve the "degeneracy of solutions" problem, generating robust results.
Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from poultry products and from the poultry-processing environment by random amplification of polymorphic DNA and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis

A total of 289 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from a poultry-processing environment and poultry products over a 6-month period were characterized by random amplification of polymorphic DNA, (RAPD) to pinpoint sources of contamination within the plant and gain some measure of the persistence of individual genotypes within this environment. Eighteen RAPD profiles (A through R) were identified within this group, with 64% (184 of 289) of all strains displaying a single RAPD profile, RAPD type A. This genotype was more prevalent in the raw-poultry-processing environment, where, although its origin within this environment appeared to be the incoming birds, it was also widespread on food contact surfaces, floors, and drains. This was the only genotype which persisted throughout the entire 6-month period, and it and RAPD type B were the only two genotypes found in both the raw- and cooked-poultry-processing environments. L. monocytogenes strains isolated from cooked poultry products and the cooked-poultry-processing environment up to 1 year later (17 strains) contained only RAPD types A and B, highlighting the potential which exists for persistent strains to cross-contaminate foods processed in that environment. The other genotypes (C through R) occurred more sporadically, suggesting varied sources of contamination. These were confined to either the raw- or the cooked-poultry-processing environment and were relatively short-lived. Further characterization of a selection of RAPD type A strains, together with strains of RAPD types B through R, was carried out by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. Strains of RAPD type A contained two electrophoretic types, one of which was serotype 1/2a and the other was 1/2c. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analytical Model of the Half-Bridge Series Resonant Inverter for Improved Power Conversion Efficiency and Performance

Resonant power conversion is a key enabling technology of dc-dc conversion, inverters and contactless energy transfer systems. This paper presents an analytical model of the series resonant half-bridge topology aimed at improving the design, control, and efficiency of resonant power converters. The main contribution is a closed-form expression of the main converter waveforms as well as output power and efficiency. This model enables a fast design-space exploration, as well as the implementation of advanced control techniques using adaptive control or real-time emulation, significantly improving the converter operation. The analytical expressions presented have been applied and verified through a half-bridge series resonant inverter applied to induction heating applications, proving the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model.
Reported distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the United States.

Lyme disease, caused by infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most frequently reported arthropod-borne disease in the United States. To develop a national map of the distribution of the vectors of B. burgdorferi to humans (Ixodes scapularis Say and Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls ticks), we sent questionnaires to acarologists, health officials, and Lyme disease researchers; surveyed the 1966-1996 MEDLINE data base; and reviewed 1907-1995 National Tick Collection data. Tick collection methods cited included flagging and dragging, deer surveys, small- and medium-sized mammal surveys, CO2 baiting, and receipt of tick submissions. A total of 1,058 unique, county-specific I. scapularis and I. pacificus records was obtained. Tick populations were classified as "reported" (< 6 ticks and 1 life stage identified) or "established" (> or = 6 ticks or > 1 life stage identified). Established populations of I. scapularis were identified in 396 counties in 32 states in the eastern and central United States, whereas established populations of I. pacificus were found in 90 counties in 5 western states. Counties with established populations were most concentrated in the northeastern, upper northcentral, and west-coastal states but were also clustered in southeastern and Gulf-coastal states. A less concentrated distribution was found in the south-central states. Reports were notably missing from all but a few counties in Ohio, West Virginia, western Virginia and North Carolina, Kentucky, and Tennessee. They were absent in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain regions and from large areas of western states east of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada cordilleras. These data are useful for identifying areas of Lyme disease risk, for targeting Lyme disease prevention strategies, and for monitoring trends in spatial distribution of Lyme disease vector ticks.
Identification of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxin, dibenzofuran, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl sources in Tokyo Bay, Japan

A dated sediment core collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan, was used to assess the historical inputs of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co‐PCBs) from multiple sources. The levels, patterns, and profiles of these compounds in the core were congener‐specifically investigated, and the results show that the PCDD and PCDF (PCDD/F) and the Co‐PCB inputs increased abruptly from the late 1950s and peaked during the period 1967 to 1972. From 1972 to 1981, the inputs decreased continuously and then generally leveled off. Using principal component analysis, two herbicides widely used in the past, pentachlorophenol (PCP) and chloronitrofen (CNP), as well as combustion processes were identified as the major dioxin sources in Tokyo Bay. The PCB formulations and combustion processes were estimated to be the major sources of Co‐PCBs. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was performed for dioxin‐source apportioning, and it was found that the herbicides PCP and CNP have mainly contributed to the PCDD/F burdens since the late 1950s. This study suggests that herbicide‐derived PCDD/Fs remaining in agricultural land will continue to run off and pollute the aquatic environment in Japan for a long time.
Fatal Theileria orientalis N2 genotype infection among Asian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in a commercial dairy farm in Kerala, India

SUMMARY Fifteen dairy buffaloes of a farm in the state of Kerala, India developed fatal oriental theileriosis within 2 months of their procurement. Typical piroplasms of Theileria orientalis were observed in the erythrocytes of all affected animals by Giemsa–Leishman staining of blood smears. Case fatality rate was 87·5% (seven out of eight) in the clinically progressed cases. Therapeutic management with anti-theilerial drugs buparvaquone and oxytetracycline led to recovery of seven other animals in less advanced stages of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the reasons for increased virulence of this pathogen, hitherto considered to be benign. Acute haemolytic anaemia was the predominant haematological finding in the affected animals. Lymphocytic infiltration and degeneration of vital organs leading to functional derangement was the cause of the high mortality. Identification of T. orientalis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA sequencing of the PCR products revealed close identity with already reported sequences of T. orientalis/buffeli N2 genotype. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession number KM609973 and KM043772. Rhipicephalus ticks, previously not reported as vectors for oriental theileriosis, were identified as the potential vectors. This is the first report of fatal oriental theileriosis in Asian water buffaloes.
Dispersion characteristics of moderately thick microstrip lines by the spectral domain method

The influence of the metallization thickness on the propagation characteristics of the microstrip lines is modeled by utilizing the computationally efficient spectral domain method with an approximate Green's function. The Green's function is based on the current and charge distribution at the top and bottom surfaces of the microstrips. The calculated effective dielectric constants and impedances are plotted for single and coupled microstrip lines as a function of frequency. It is seen that the effective dielectric constants obtained from resonance measurements are in good agreement with the calculated values for moderately thick (t/W>
"Finger-pointer": a glove free interface

Many gesture interfaces such as "Put-That-There" require operators to wear special devices such as "Data-Glove" to make the system recognize hand gestures. However, wearing such devices prevents the realization of a natural interface. We have developed the "Finger-Pointer" experimental system, which can recognize pointing actions and simple hand forms in realtime by image processing. The operator is not required to physically contact any control devices. We present the details of the image processing techniques employed, and a principle for stable measurement of pointing direction. We also solved the time lag problem with multi-channel integration.
*Liquid Capital and Market Liquidity

This article considers how the supply of liquid capital affects the liquidity of asset markets. The article views the former notion as a technological property of real investments and the latter as an endogenous property of financial market equilibrium, and describes a channel by which the two are linked. When agents hold more wealth in technologically liquid investments, a marginal adjustment to portfolio holdings alters discount rates less, causing a smaller price impact. Thus, even without intermediaries or frictions, the stock of transformable capital may be a crucial determinant of the resilience of financial markets. Copyright © The Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society 2009.
Measurement of functional residual capacity and pulmonary carbon monoxide uptake in conscious Greyhounds.

A simplified rebreathing method was developed for measurement of functional residual capacity (FRC) and pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO in nonanesthetized standing Greyhounds. The FRC was related to body weight according to the equation: FRC = 0.04 (body weight in kg)1.22 whereas pulmonary diffusing capacity for CO in nonanesthetized standing Greyhounds (ml/min/mm of Hg) = 2.34 (body weight in kg). 0.66 The large FRC per unit of body weight in the Greyhound emphasizes the need for breed specific prediction equations in veterinary respiratory physiologic studies and may reflect selection for exercise performance in the development of the Greyhound breed.
Human Platelets Possess an Inducible and Saturable Receptor Specific for Fibrinogen

Fibrinogen is required for ADP-dependent aggregation of human platelets; but the molecular basis for the requirement is not: known. Fibrinogen, rendered free of fibronectin, plasminogen, VIII, II and XIII, was radiolabelled (125I-fg) and used as the probe for a platelet receptor. Platelets were isolated by differential centrifugation, washed in calcium-free Tyrode’s solution containing 0.2% albumin and isolated by exclusion from Sepharose CL 2B. 125I-fg bound to platelets only after ADP stimulation, and binding was characteristic of a saturable receptor. Specificity was established by demonstration that fibrinogen completely inhibited binding of 125I-fg, competing with the same affinity, whereas other proteins were without effect. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the platelets after reduction demonstrated 125I polypeptide chains with migration identical to Aα, Bβ and γ chains; and fibrinopeptide A was on the bound 125I-fg indicating that fibrinogen per se is bound. Scatchard analysis of binding at optimal concentration of ADP (≥ 5 μM) indicated 4,644 ± 186 receptors with a dissociation constant Kd = 1.3 x 10-7 M, comparable to that estimated directly from the aggregation reactions. Receptors induced at different ADP concentrations appeared to have the same affinity for fibrinogen, indicating the probable existence of only a single class of receptors. We conclude that a specific saturable receptor is rapidly induced on human platelets by ADP, and postulate that this event may play a Significant role in the observed in vitro aggregation phenomenon and perhaps the primary hemostatic function of platelets. Supportedby NIH grant HL-16411.
Two-photon geometric optics.

We report two-photon correlation experiments using spontaneous parametric down-conversion under a severe manipulation of the input pump field. Considering the case of passing the laser beam through a focusing lens before the down-conversion crystal, theoretical calculations and a series of imaging experiments demonstrate two-photon geometric optics effects. In particular, the imaging in coincidence counts of an aperture placed in one of the down-conversion beams is found to be the analog of a simple spherical mirror system, which displays a ‘‘vacuum dispersion’’ effect in that the object and image distances are wavelength weighted.
Roll‐to‐Roll Production of Metal‐Organic Framework Coatings for Particulate Matter Removal

A powerful roll-to-roll hot-pressing strategy for mass production of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based filters (MOFilters) using various MOF systems with ranges of substrates is presented. Thus-obtained MOFilters show superior particulate matter removal efficiency under desired working temperatures. Such versatile MOFilters can be scaled up and purposely designed, which endows MOFilters with great potentials in both residential and industrial pollution control.
RNAi-mediated Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions.

Cottonseed remains a low-value by-product of lint production mainly due to the presence of toxic gossypol that makes it unfit for monogastrics. Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) lines were developed using RNAi knockdown of δ-cadinene synthase gene(s) in Gossypium hirsutum. The purpose of the current study was to assess the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait and evaluate the agronomic performance of the transgenic lines. Trials conducted over a period of 3 years show that the ULGCS trait was stable under field conditions and the foliage/floral organs of transgenic lines contained wild-type levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. Although it was a relatively small-scale study, we did not observe any negative effects on either the yield or quality of the fibre and seed in the transgenic lines compared with the nontransgenic parental plants. Compositional analysis was performed on the seeds obtained from plants grown in the field during 2009. As expected, the major difference between the ULGCS and wild-type cottonseeds was in terms of their gossypol levels. With the exception of oil content, the composition of ULGCS was similar to that of nontransgenic cottonseeds. Interestingly, the ULGCS had significantly higher (4%-8%) oil content compared with the seeds from the nontransgenic parent. Field trial results confirmed the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait suggesting that this RNAi-based product has the potential to be commercially viable. Thus, it may be possible to enhance and expand the nutritional utility of the annual cottonseed output to fulfil the ever-increasing needs of humanity.
Morphologic Analysis of Compound Words

Summary Algorithms for morphologic analysis of compound words and related dictionary structures are described’ on the basis of different word models. The algorithms are formulated in Backus-Naur form as well as Augmented Transition Networks. The results of applying the algorithms to the 56,509 different words of the “Systematisierte Nomenklatur der Medizin” (SNOMED) are presented.
Low Risk of Injuries Among Children Playing Organized Soccer

Background The injury rate in soccer is high, and studies have shown that the injury rate among players aged 16 years or older approaches that of adult players. However, little is known about the injury risk among the youngest players, that is, players between 6 and 12 years. Purpose To examine the risk of injuries in children 6 to 16 years old playing organized soccer. Study Design Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods Injuries were recorded prospectively throughout 1 season among 121 soccer teams (1879 players, aged 6–16 years) from 2 communities in the southeastern part of Norway. Results A total of 159 players sustained 200 injuries, corresponding to an overall injury incidence of 2.2 per 1000 playing hours (95% confidence interval, 1.8–2.6) among boys and 2.0 injuries per 1000 hours (95% confidence interval, 1.4–2.5) among girls. The overall injury incidence was significantly higher (relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–2.2) among older players (13–16 years; 2.6 injuries per 1000 hours, 95% confidence interval, 2.2–3.0) than among younger players (6–12 years; 1.6 injuries per 1000 hours, 95% confidence interval, 1.2–1.9). The injuries recorded in the youngest group were few and mainly mild. Conclusion The injury risk among young players (6–12 years) playing organized 5- or 7-a-side soccer is low, lower than that of adolescents and much lower than at the elite level. Soccer is a safe sport for children.
Reproducibility of histogram and texture parameters derived from intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI of FN13762 rat breast Carcinomas.

AIM To determine the reproducibility of histogram and texture parameters derived from intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of FN13762 rat breast carcinomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS IVIM diffusion-weighted MRI was performed twice, nine days after tumor implantation in 11 rats. At each session, histogram and texture parameters of entire tumors were extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true-diffusion coefficient (Dt), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (Dp), and perfusion fraction (Pf) maps. Intraobserver and interscan measurement reproducibilities were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS Mean, entropy, 5th, 10th, 25th percentiles from ADC and Dt maps revealed good intra-observer and interscan agreements [lower limits of 95% confidence interval (CI) for ICC≥0.75]. However, all parameters from Dp and Pf maps gave relatively poor intra-observer and interscan agreements (lower limits of 95% CI for ICC<0.75). CONCLUSION Histogram and texture parameters derived from ADC and Dt maps were more reproducible than those from Dp and Pf maps.
Clinical correlates of cortical and nucleus basalis pathology in Alzheimer dementia.

OBJECTIVE We correlated severity of dementia in Alzheimer's disease with the degree of neuropathology in cortical and subcortical brain regions. METHODS In 13 patients with Alzheimer's disease who underwent neuropsychological testing before death, we assessed neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques, and neuronal and synaptic density in the midfrontal cortex and the nucleus basalis of Meynert. RESULTS In the midfrontal cortex, synapse density was the strongest correlate of dementia severity, followed by neurofibrillary tangles. In the nucleus basalis, by contrast, neurofibrillary tangles were the strongest correlate, followed by synapse density. Stepwise regression analyses showed midfrontal synapse density to be the strongest predictor of tests emphasizing higher cortical functions, but neurofibrillary tangles in the nucleus basalis were the strongest predictor on memory-oriented tests. CONCLUSIONS The specificity of pathology in cortical vs subcortical locations for predicting a particular quality of neuropsychological deficit probably reflects disruption of corticocortical connections vs derangement of the basal forebrain cholinergic system.
Chroma interpolation filtering using high precision

In this paper, an improved chroma interpolation method using 6-tap H.264/AVC[1]–[2] filter with high precision [3] is proposed for HEVC(High Efficiency Video Coding)[4]. Experimental results show that the average BD-rate improvements on chroma U and V components are 12.2% and 13.4%, respectively, in the low complexity case of random access structure, and 4.1% and 5.0%, respectively, in the high efficiency case of random access structure. The average BD-rate improvements on U and V components are 12.0% and 14.9%, respectively, in the low complexity case of low delay structure, and 2.0% and 2.4%, respectively, in the high efficiency case of low delay structure. The average BD-rate improvements on luma are 1.3% and 0.4%, respectively, in low complexity and high efficiency cases of low delay structure, 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively, in the low complexity and high efficiency cases of random access structure.
Neuroanatomical imaging: constrained 3D reconstruction using variational implicit techniques

Variational implicit surfaces have been widely used in computer graphics and animation and generally provide solutions for uniformly distributed sparse data. The fields of medicine and biology increasingly rely on accurate three-dimensional reconstructions. Despite the fact that biological structures fit perfectly within the scope of variational implicit interpolation (smooth closed surfaces), the data to model in these fields constitute a computational challenge (sparse non-homogeneous data, high curvatures). Several parametric and simplicial approaches have been presented[1, 2]. This paper presents an approach for creating and optimizing 3D reconstructions based on variational implicit surfaces for a dataset consisting of serial parallel sections. Preliminary results and perspectives are presented.