Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analgesic Effects of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibition in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain

Cannabinoid-based medicines have therapeutic potential for the treatment of pain. Augmentation of levels of endocannabinoids with inhibitors of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is analgesic in models of acute and inflammatory pain states. The aim of this study was to determine whether local inhibition of FAAH alters nociceptive responses of spinal neurons in the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain. Electrophysiological studies were performed 14–18 d after spinal nerve ligation or sham surgery, and the effects of the FAAH inhibitor cyclohexylcarbamic acid 3-carbamoyl biphenyl-3-yl ester (URB597) on mechanically evoked responses of spinal neurons and levels of endocannabinoids were determined. Intraplantar URB597 (25 μg in 50 μl) significantly (p < 0.01) attenuated mechanically evoked responses of spinal neurons in sham-operated rats. Effects of URB597 were blocked by the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1) antagonist AM251 [N-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-4-methyl-N-1-piperidinyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide] (30 μg in 50 μl) and the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. URB597 treatment increased levels of anandamide, 2-arachidonyl glycerol, and oleoyl ethanolamide in the ipsilateral hindpaw of sham-operated rats. Intraplantar URB597 (25 μg in 50 μl) did not, however, alter mechanically evoked responses of spinal neurons in spinal nerve ligated (SNL) rats or hindpaw levels of endocannabinoids. Intraplantar injection of a higher dose of URB597 (100 μg in 50 μl) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated evoked responses of spinal neurons in SNL rats but did not alter hindpaw levels of endocannabinoids. Spinal administration of URB597 attenuated evoked responses of spinal neurons and elevated levels of endocannabinoids in sham-operated and SNL rats. These data suggest that peripheral FAAH activity may be altered or that alternative pathways of metabolism have greater importance in SNL rats.
Breakthrough Technologies Rapid Assessment of Gene Function in the Circadian Clock Using Artificial MicroRNA in Arabidopsis Mesophyll Protoplasts 1 [ W ] [ OA ]

Rapid assessment of the effect of reduced levels of gene products is often a bottleneck in determining how to proceed with an interesting gene candidate. Additionally, gene families with closely related members can confound determination of the role of even a single one of the group. We describe here an in vivo method to rapidly determine gene function using transient expression of artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mesophyll protoplasts. We use a luciferasebased reporter of circadian clock activity to optimize and validate this system. Protoplasts transiently cotransfected with promoter-luciferase and gene-specific amiRNA plasmids sustain free-running rhythms of bioluminescence for more than 6 d. Using both amiRNA plasmids available through the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center, as well as custom design of constructs using the Weigel amiRNA design algorithm, we show that transient knockdown of known clock genes recapitulates the same circadian phenotypes reported in the literature for loss-of-function mutant plants. We additionally show that amiRNA designed to knock down expression of the casein kinase II b-subunit gene family lengthens period, consistent with previous reports of a short period in casein kinase II b-subunit overexpressors. Our results demonstrate that this system can facilitate a much more rapid analysis of gene function by obviating the need to initially establish stably transformed transgenics to assess the phenotype of gene knockdowns. This approach will be useful in a wide range of plant disciplines when an endogenous cell-based phenotype is observable or can be devised, as done here using a luciferase reporter.
A Media Literacy Education Approach to Teaching Adolescents Comprehensive Sexual Health Education.

health and media literacy outcomes. After the program, participants were more likely to have the intention to use condoms during sex and talk to partners, parents, or medical professionals prior to sex. Media literacy outcomes included decreased perceived realism of and increased skepticism of media messages and improved media deconstruction skills. Overall, the results suggest that media literacy
Realistic equivalent circuit model of coplanar waveguide open circuit: lossy shunt resonator network

Realistic equivalent circuit model of coplanar waveguide (CPW) open circuit is proposed and formulated as a lossy shunt resonator network based on the fact that the electromagnetic (EM) wave propagates at the transverse direction around the open-end. A "short-open calibration" (SOC) technique is applied in the full-wave method of moments (MoM) to effectively extract all the model parameters over a wide frequency range. After the extracted capacitance at low frequency is confirmed by the previous static results, extensive investigation is implemented to reveal the high-frequency dynamic features of CPW open circuit, e.g., shunt resonance and radiation loss. A CPW open-end circuit is then fabricated and measured to provide an experimental verification of the proposed model.
Extraction of Contextualized User Interest Profiles in Social Sharing Platforms

Along with the emergence of theWeb 2.0, E-learning more often takes place in open environments such as wikis, blogs, and resource sharing platforms. Nowadays, many companies deploy social media technologies to foster the knowledge transfer in the enterprise. They offer Enterprise 2.0 platforms where knowledge workers can share contents according to their different topics of interest. In this article we present an approach extracting contextualized user profiles in an enterprise resource sharing platform according to the users’ different topics of interest. The system analyses the social annotations of each user’s preferred resources and identifies thematic groups. For every group a weighted term vector is derived that represents the respective topic of interest. Each user profile consists of several such vectors that way enabling recommendation lists with a high degree of inter-topic diversity as well as targeted context-sensitive recommendations. The proposed approach has been tested in our Enterprise 2.0 platform ALOE. A first evaluation has shown that the method is likely to identify reasonable user interest topics and that resource recommendations for these topics are widely appreciated by the users.
Vm-based Shared Memory On Low-latency, Remote-memory-access Networks

Recent technological advances have produced network interfaces that provide users with very low-latency access to the memory of remote machines. We examine the impact of such networks on the implementation and performance of software DSM. Specifically, we compare two DSM systems---Cashmere and TreadMarks---on a 32-processor DEC Alpha cluster connected by a Memory Channel network.Both Cashmere and TreadMarks use virtual memory to maintain coherence on pages, and both use lazy, multi-writer release consistency. The systems differ dramatically, however, in the mechanisms used to track sharing information and to collect and merge concurrent updates to a page, with the result that Cashmere communicates much more frequently, and at a much finer grain.Our principal conclusion is that low-latency networks make DSM based on fine-grain communication competitive with more coarse-grain approaches, but that further hardware improvements will be needed before such systems can provide consistently superior performance. In our experiments, Cashmere scales slightly better than TreadMarks for applications with false sharing. At the same time, it is severely constrained by limitations of the current Memory Channel hardware. In general, performance is better for TreadMarks.
Residual Stress Field in a Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Extrusion

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a relatively new welding technique, which makes it possible to weld low fusion weldability materials with very little or no post weld distortion, high mechanical strength and good fatigue performance. This is particularly important for welding high strength precipitation strengthened aluminium alloys of the 7xxx series previously not recommended for welding. Residual stress measurements have been made, using the synchrotron X-ray diffraction transmission technique, on a 7xxx series aluminium alloy plate made by friction stir butt welding two extruded T-profiles along their middle section. Measurements were also carried out on a non-welded extruded section to determine the pre-welded strain state. Comparisons have been made with holographic interferometry method. Hot extrusion of thin walled sections of 7xxx series alloys results in substantial preferred orientation. The grains appear mainly equiaxed in the transverse and highly elongated in the longitudinal directions, which is described as fibre texture. During friction stir welding, the original extrusion texture is destroyed. In the stirred region, fine grained recovered microstructure is observed, whereas in the thermo-mechanically affected zones, it is intermediate. This strongly textured microstructure makes is difficult to accurately determine the residual stress fields using the traditional measurement techniques but non-destructive synchrotron strain scanning produced excellent results over a full cross-section of the weld.
A reconfigurable cross-connected wireless-power transceiver for bidirectional device-to-device charging with 78.1% total efficiency

Wireless power transfer (WPT) via inductive coupling is a convenient way to charge power-starved portable/wearable devices. Recently, device-to-device (D2D) wireless charging was demonstrated [1,2], which expands the range of WPT applications. Different from the traditional wireless charging, which obtains its energy from the AC mains and has virtually unlimited energy, the D2D charging sources power from an energy-constrained battery. Therefore, achieving the maximum-efficiency transfer is a key design issue. A zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) Classy receiver with maximum efficiency tracking, but using several off-chip passives, was designed in [1] to improve the rectifier and coupling-link efficiencies for unidirectional D2D wireless charging. In [2], a reconfigurable wireless-power transceiver (TRX) with the maximum-current charging mode was proposed to turn a WPT receiver (RX) into a WPT transmitter (TX) with negligible additional hardware, which enabled the bidirectional D2D wireless charging. However, the TX mode efficiency and maximum output power in [2] are relatively low, and its WPT distance is short.
Comparing Reconstruction Algorithms for Electrical Impedance Tomography

An improved electrical impedance tomographic reconstruction algorithm is presented that is generally guaranteed to converge. The algorithm is attractive for several reasons. A modified Newton¿Raphson method varies a finite-element model of resistivities to fit a set of voltage measurements in a least-squared sense. Two procedures for calculating the Jacobian matrix are derived. One is standard, while the other is based on the compensation theorem. This second procedure is more efficient for computations, and just as accurate as the standard one. The inherent ill-conditioning in the approximate Hessian matrix of the linearized system is eliminated using the Marquardt method. Results from two-dimensional computer simulations are compared to four other reconstruction algorithms, which are based on methods proposed by other authors. The modified Newton¿Raphson method provided significantly better reconstructions than any of the other methods. The algorithms compared are the perturbation, equipotential, iterative-equipotential, and the double-constraint methods. The modified Newton¿Raphson method was found to be sensitive to measurement error, but future work in designing electrode-probing configurations is expected to reduce this sensitivity.
Implementing Tableaux Using Binary Decision Diagrams

We demonstrate how Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs) can be used to implement Tableaux based automated theorem provers for Modal Logic K and S4. By using BDDs to represent the underlying formula sets of a Tableaux proof procedure, we are able to integrate and implicitly perform many of the Tableaux rules as part of constructing a BDD representation. Without any of the search optimisations or heuristics employed by the state-of-the-art Tableaux provers, we demonstrate that BDD-based approaches to Tableaux can perform competitively and even outperform the state-of-the-art provers for certain classes of problems.
Categorization on Multiple Languages Based On Classification Technique

In the Constitution of India, a provision is made for each of the Indian states to choose their own official language for communicating at the state level for official purpose [1]. The availability of constantly increasing amount of textual data of various Indian regional languages in electronic form has accelerated. Hence, the Classification of text documents based on languages is essential [2]. The objective of the work is the representation and categorization of Indian language text documents using text mining techniques. Several text mining techniques such as Support Vector Machine, KNN (KNearest Neighbor), Decision Tree, Self-Organizing Map(SOM), Genetic Algorithm [2]. KeywordsKNN Classification; Precision (p); Recall(r); Fmeasure; Tokens; Stop-words.
The Absence of Interleukin 1 Receptor–Related T1/St2 Does Not Affect T Helper Cell Type 2 Development and Its Effector Function

T1/ST2, an orphan receptor with homology with the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor family, is expressed constitutively and stably on the surface of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, but not on Th1 cells. T1/ST2 is also expressed on mast cells, which are critical for Th2-mediated effector responses. To evaluate whether T1/ST2 is required for Th2 responses and mast cell function, we have generated T1/ST2-deficient (T1/ST2−/−) mice and examined the roles of T1/ST2. Naive CD4+ T cells isolated from T1/ST2−/− mice developed to Th2 cells in response to IL-4 in vitro. T1/ST2−/− mice showed normal Th2 responses after infection with the helminthic parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis as well as in the mouse model of allergen-induced airway inflammation. In addition, differentiation and function of bone marrow–derived cultured mast cells were unaffected. These findings demonstrate that T1/ST2 does not play an essential role in development and function of Th2 cells and mast cells.
Design and realization of 2D color barcode with high compression ratio

With the development of barcode applied fields, the data capacity expressed by barcode is required to increase. Both enlarging the barcode size and enhancing the barcode density have some limits. We design a 2D color based on 2D barcode. This barcode is added color, and the encoded method for Chinese character is applied according to the usage frequency. Comparing with other 2D barcode, the 2D color barcode proposed in this paper has high compression ratio for Chinese character, and alpha-numeric data.
Energy-efficient data acquisition by adaptive sampling for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are well suited for environment monitoring. However, some highly specialized sensors (e.g. hydrological sensors) have high power demand, and without due care, they can exhaust the battery supply quickly. Taking measurements with this kind of sensors can also overwhelm the communication resources by far. One way to reduce the power drawn by these high-demand sensors is adaptive sampling, i.e., to skip sampling when data loss is estimated to be low. Here, we present an adaptive sampling algorithm based on the Box-Jenkins approach in time series analysis. To measure the performance of our algorithms, we use the ratio of the reduction factor to root mean square error (RMSE). The rationale of the metric is that the best algorithm is the algorithm that gives the most reduction in the amount of sampling and yet the the smallest RMSE. For the datasets used in our simulations, our algorithm is capable of reducing the amount of sampling by 24% to 49%. For seven out of eight datasets, our algorithm performs better than the best in the literature so far in terms of the reduction/RMSE ratio.
A State-Dependent Updating Period for Certified Real-Time Model Predictive Control

In this paper, a state-dependent control updating period strategy is proposed for use in interrupted implementation of real-time Model Predictive Control (MPC). The strategy can be used as soon as a certification bound is available for the underlying optimization algorithm. Moreover, a new fast-Gradient based certifiable algorithm is proposed with the associated certification bounds for convex generally constrained optimization problems.
Performance comparison of a platooning application using the IEEE 802.11p MAC on the control channel and a centralized MAC on a service channel

Recent advances in cooperative driving hold the potential to significantly improve safety, comfort and efficiency on our roads. An application of particular interest is platooning of trucks, where it has been shown that keeping a minimum inter-vehicle distance results in considerably reduced fuel consumption. This, however, puts high requirements on timeliness and reliability of the underlying exchange of control messages between platoon members. The European profile of IEEE 802.11p, recently adopted by ETSI, defines two message types to this end, periodic beacons for basic cooperative awareness (CAM) and event-triggered decentralized environmental notification messages (DENM), both of which will use one common control channel. IEEE 802.11p employs a random medium access protocol, which may experience excessive delays during high network loads. To mitigate these effects, ETSI standardizes a decentralized congestion control algorithm to, e.g., lower the CAM update frequency during high loads. However, this may prevent proper functionality of a platooning application. In this paper we propose a solution that instead uses a dedicated service channel for platooning applications and compare its performance to standard-compliant IEEE 802.11p inter-platoon communication on the control channel. Service channels typically have less strict requirements on send rates, data traffic types and medium access methods. Our service channel solution combines a random access phase for DENM with a centralized, scheduled access phase for CAM. Using a service channel enables us to guarantee timely channel access for all CAM packets before a specified deadline while still being able to provide a reasonable DENM dissemination delay.
Interplay between Heat Shock Proteins HSP101 and HSA32 Prolongs Heat Acclimation Memory Posttranscriptionally in Arabidopsis1[W][OA]

Positive feedback between two heat shock proteins, and the consequent delayed degradation of one, extends tolerance to temperature extremes. Heat acclimation improves the tolerance of organisms to severe heat stress. Our previous work showed that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the “memory” of heat acclimation treatment decayed faster in the absence of the heat-stress-associated 32-kD protein HSA32, a heat-induced protein predominantly found in plants. The HSA32 null mutant attains normal short-term acquired thermotolerance but is defective in long-term acquired thermotolerance. To further explore this phenomenon, we isolated Arabidopsis defective in long-term acquired thermotolerance (dlt) mutants using a forward genetic screen. Two recessive missense alleles, dlt1-1 and dlt1-2, encode the molecular chaperone heat shock protein101 (HSP101). Results of immunoblot analyses suggest that HSP101 enhances the translation of HSA32 during recovery after heat treatment, and in turn, HSA32 retards the decay of HSP101. The dlt1-1 mutation has little effect on HSP101 chaperone activity and thermotolerance function but compromises the regulation of HSA32. In contrast, dlt1-2 impairs the chaperone activity and thermotolerance function of HSP101 but not the regulation of HSA32. These results suggest that HSP101 has a dual function, which could be decoupled by the mutations. Pulse-chase analysis showed that HSP101 degraded faster in the absence of HSA32. The autophagic proteolysis inhibitor E-64d, but not the proteasome inhibitor MG132, inhibited the degradation of HSP101. Ectopic expression of HSA32 confirmed its effect on the decay of HSP101 at the posttranscriptional level and showed that HSA32 was not sufficient to confer long-term acquired thermotolerance when the HSP101 level was low. Taken together, we propose that a positive feedback loop between HSP101 and HSA32 at the protein level is a novel mechanism for prolonging the memory of heat acclimation.
Global Phosphoproteome Profiling Reveals Unanticipated Networks Responsive to Cisplatin Treatment of Embryonic Stem Cells

ABSTRACT Cellular responses to DNA-damaging agents involve the activation of various DNA damage signaling and transduction pathways. Using quantitative and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, we determined global changes in protein level and phosphorylation site profiles following treatment of SILAC (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture)-labeled murine embryonic stem cells with the anticancer drug cisplatin. Network and pathway analyses indicated that processes related to the DNA damage response and cytoskeleton organization were significantly affected. Although the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ATM and Rad3-related) consensus sequence (S/T-Q motif) was significantly overrepresented among hyperphosphorylated peptides, about half of the >2-fold-upregulated phosphorylation sites based on the consensus sequence were not direct substrates of ATM and ATR. Eleven protein kinases mainly belonging to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family were identified as being regulated in their kinase domain activation loop. The biological importance of three of these kinases (cyclin-dependent kinase 7 [CDK7], Plk1, and KPCD1) in the protection against cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity was demonstrated by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown. Our results indicate that the cellular response to cisplatin involves a variety of kinases and phosphatases not only acting in the nucleus but also regulating cytoplasmic targets, resulting in extensive cytoskeletal rearrangements. Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data revealed a poor correlation between changes in the relative levels of transcripts and their corresponding proteins, but a large overlap in affected pathways at the levels of mRNA, protein, and phosphoprotein. This study provides an integrated view of pathways activated by genotoxic stress and deciphers kinases that play a pivotal role in regulating cellular processes other than the DNA damage response.