Energy-Efficient and Secure Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks

The clustered wireless sensor networks are incapable of satisfying the resource efficient routing because of the limited battery power, high overhead and low dependability. Base Station(BS) acts as an intermediate node to monitor the data transaction in the entire network. The BS provides an unique ID and password to all the nodes. It also provides a particular time at which all the nodes should register in the network. An energy-efficient clustering algorithm is used to group the nodes into clusters. The Cluster Head(CH) is identified as the node having maximum connectivity with the BS and all other nodes in the cluster. A Trust System based on the residual energy of each node is used in the network which improves the trustworthiness of the entire network. The BS assigns energy level to each node in the network. For the consequent transmissions, each node sends its residual energy after the previous transmission along with its node-ID to the base station. After a particular time, based on the residual energy of the nodes, the BS selects another CH, and the nodes having minimal energy (very less energy such that further routing through it is impossible) are filtered out. This cycle is repeated at definite intervals. Thus the misbehaving nodes can be identified and more reliable routing can be performed. This results in the design of an energy-efficient, trustworthy and dependable communication model in wireless sensor networks. Keywordss— Dependable, Trust system, Clustering, Residual energy, Minimal energy I.INTRODUCTION Sensor networks contain hundreds or thousands of nodes, and they may need to be deployed in remote or dangerous environments, allowing users to extract information in ways that would not have been possible otherwise. Many clustering algorithms such as LEACH[1], EEHC[2], EC[3], and HEED[4] can effectively improve network scalability and throughput. Nodes are grouped into clusters, and within each cluster, a node with strong computing power or a node having close proximity to its neighbours and base station(BS) is elected as a cluster head (CH). Usually the nodes closer to the sink will be heavily loaded. An EnergyEfficient Clustering (EC), determines suitable cluster sizes depending on the hop distance to the data sink, while achieving approximate equalization of node lifetimes and reduced energy consumption levels. Trust establishment in a clustered environment is of great importance. Trust is the expectation of one entity about the actions of another. A trust system enables a CH to detect faulty or malicious nodes within a cluster, guides the selection of trusted routing nodes through which a cluster member (CM) can send data to the CH. During intercluster communication, a trust system also aids in the selection of trusted routing gateway nodes or other trusted CHs through which the sender node will forward data to the base station (BS). Contributions The main aim is to create a secure trust management system for clustered WSNs which enhances both dependability and resource efficiency. The new system go beyond existing approaches in terms of the following aspects: A.A Lightweight Scheme For Trust Evaluation Between CMs Or Between CHs. The BS assigns energy level to each node in the network. For the consequent transmissions, each node sends its residual energy after the previous transmission along with its node-ID to the base station. Therefore it is not necessary that each CM need to maintain the feedback from other CMs. This approach will reduce the communication overhead and eliminate the illeffects of a bad-mouthing attack. B.A Dependability-Enhanced Trust Evaluating Approach Between CHs. CHs take on large amounts of data forwarding and communication tasks. Taking this into consideration,a dependability-enhanced trust evaluating approach is defined for the communications between CHs. This approach effectively reduces the networking consumption and thus prevents malicious, selfish, and faulty CHs. C.A Weighting Method For CH’s Trust Aggregation. A self-adaptive weighting method is used which is different from the traditional methods. Weights are measured on the basis of trust factors rather than assigning subjectively. D.A Secure Trust System The BS provides an unique ID and password to all the nodes. It also provides a particular time at which all the nodes should register in the network. These new designs and other specific features (e.g., independent of any specific routing scheme and platform and so forth) collectively makes the design a lightweight, self-adaptive, and dependable solution that can be used in any clustered WSN. Asha Devi. A et al, / (IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 5 (3) , 2014, 2738-2741