Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Label Answer Aggregation for Crowdsourcing

Crowdsourcing has been widely established as a means to enable human computation at large scale, in particular for tasks that require manual labelling of large sets of data items. Answers obtained from heterogeneous crowd workers are aggregated to obtain a robust result. However, existing methods for answer aggregation assume that answers are given as a single label per item. Hence, these methods are ineffective for common multi-labelling problems such as image tagging and document annotation, where items are assigned sets of labels. In this paper, we propose a novel Bayesian nonparametric model for multi-label answer aggregation. It enables us to predict labels for non-grounded items, while taking into account dependencies between the labels in different answer sets. We also show how this model is instantiated for incremental learning, incorporating new answers from crowd workers as they arrive. An evaluation of our method using a number of large-scale, real-world crowdsourcing datasets reveals that it consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art in answer aggregation in terms of precision, recall, and robustness against faulty workers and data sparsity.
PARALLEL CORPORA , ALIGNMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND FURTHER PROSPECTS IN MULTILINGUAL RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE

Multilingual technologies, which to a large extent are language independent, provide a powerful support for easier building of annotated linguistic resources for languages where such resources are scarce or missing. All these technologies require parallel corpora in order to achieve their ends. Parallel texts encode extremely valuable linguistic knowledge because the linguistic decisions made by the human translators in order to faithfully convey the meaning of the source text can be traced and used as evidence on linguistic facts which, in a monolingual context, might be unavailable to or overlooked by a computer program. In this paper we will briefly present some underlying multilingual technologies and methodologies we developed for exploiting parallel corpora and we will discuss their relevance for cross-linguistic annotation transfer and applications.
The Light Chain 1 Subunit of the Microtubule-Associated Protein 1B (MAP1B) Is Responsible for Tiam1 Binding and Rac1 Activation in Neuronal Cells

Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) is a neuronal protein involved in the stabilization of microtubules both in the axon and somatodendritic compartments. Acute, genetic inactivation of MAP1B leads to delayed axonal outgrowth, most likely due to changes in the post-translational modification of tubulin subunits, which enhances microtubule polymerization. Furthermore, MAP1B deficiency is accompanied by abnormal actin microfilament polymerization and dramatic changes in the activity of small GTPases controlling the actin cytoskeleton. In this work, we showed that MAP1B interacts with a guanine exchange factor, termed Tiam1, which specifically activates Rac1. These proteins co-segregated in neurons, and interact in both heterologous expression systems and primary neurons. We dissected the molecular domains involved in the MAP1B-Tiam1 interaction, and demonstrated that pleckstrin homology (PH) domains in Tiam1 are responsible for MAP1B binding. Interestingly, only the light chain 1 (LC1) of MAP1B was able to interact with Tiam1. Moreover, it was able to increase the activity of the small GTPase, Rac1. These results suggest that the interaction between Tiam1 and MAP1B, is produced by the binding of LC1 with PH domains in Tiam1. The formation of such a complex impacts on the activation levels of Rac1 confirming a novel function of MAP1B related with the control of small GTPases. These results also support the idea of cross-talk between cytoskeleton compartments inside neuronal cells.
Value of Lung Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis and Outcome Prediction of Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia with Necrotizing Change

Background Lung ultrasonography has been advocated in diagnosing pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. However, its function in identifying necrotizing pneumonia, a complication, has not been explored. This study investigated the value of lung ultrasonography in diagnosing pediatric necrotizing pneumonia and its role in predicting clinical outcomes. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 236 children with community-acquired pneumonia who were evaluated using lung ultrasonography within 2–3 days after admission. The ultrasonographic features assessed included lung perfusion, the presence of hypoechoic lesions, and the amount of pleural effusion. Chest computed tomography was also performed in 96 patients as clinically indicated. Detailed records of clinical information were obtained. Results Our results showed a high correlation between the degree of impaired perfusion in ultrasonography and the severity of necrosis in computed tomography (r = 0.704). The degree of impaired perfusion can favorably be used to predict massive necrosis in computed tomography (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.908). The characteristics of impaired perfusion and hypoechoic lesions in ultrasonography were associated with an increased risk of pneumatocele formation (odds ratio (OR), 10.11; 95% CI, 2.95–34.64) and the subsequent requirement for surgical lung resection (OR, 8.28; 95% CI, 1.86–36.93). Furthermore, a longer hospital stay would be expected if moderate-to-massive pleural effusion was observed in addition to impaired perfusion in ultrasonography (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.15–8.29). Conclusion Lung ultrasonography is favorably correlated with chest computed tomography in the diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia, especially regarding massive necrosis of the lung. Because it is a simple and reliable imaging tool that is valuable in predicting clinical outcomes, we suggest that ultrasonography be applied as a surrogate for computed tomography for the early detection of severe necrotizing pneumonia in children.
A Converse Theorem for Exponential Stability using Piecewise Quadratic Lyapunov Functions

We present sufficient and necessary conditions for exponential stability o f aut nomous nonlinear dynamical systems using piecewise quadratic Lyapunov functions. The n ec ssary conditions are given as a converse theorem guaranteeing the existence of a global piecewise q uadratic Lyapunov function for an exponentially stable system.
Governance Model for Cloud Computing in Building Information Management

The AEC (Architecture Engineering and Construction) sector is a highly fragmented, data intensive, project based industry, involving a number or very different professions and organisations. The industry's strong data sharing and processing requirements means that the management of building data is complex and challenging. We present a data sharing capability utilising Cloud Computing, with two key contributions: 1) a governance model for building data, based on extensive research Pand industry consultation. This governance model describes how individual data artefacts within a building information model relate to each other and how access to this data is controlled; 2) a prototype implementation of this governance model, utilising the CometCloud autonomic cloud computing engine, using the Master/Work paradigm. This prototype is able to successfully store and manage building data, provide security based on a defined policy language and demonstrate scale-out in case of increasing demand or node failure. Our prototype is evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. To enable this evaluation we have integrated our prototype with the 3D modelling software-Google Sketchup. We also evaluate the prototype's performance when scaling to utilise additional nodes in the Cloud and to determine its performance in case of node failures.
State‐of‐the‐art: software inspections after 25 years

Software inspections, which were originally developed by Michael Fagan in 1976, are an important means to verify and achieve sufficient quality in many software projects today. Since Fagan's initial work, the importance of software inspections has been long recognized by software developers and many organizations. Various proposals have been made by researchers in the hope of improving Fagan's inspection method. The proposals include structural changes to the process and several types of support for the inspection process. Most of the proposals have been empirically investigated in different studies.
External Mechanical Work and Pendular Energy Transduction of Overground and Treadmill Walking in Adolescents with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Purpose: Motor impairments affect functional abilities and gait in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Improving their walking is an essential objective of treatment, and the use of a treadmill for gait analysis and training could offer several advantages in adolescents with CP. However, there is a controversy regarding the similarity between treadmill and overground walking both for gait analysis and training in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to compare the external mechanical work and pendular energy transduction of these two types of gait modalities at standard and preferred walking speeds in adolescents with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) and typically developing (TD) adolescents matched on age, height and body mass. Methods: Spatiotemporal parameters, external mechanical work and pendular energy transduction of walking were computed using two inertial sensors equipped with a triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope and compared in 10 UCP (14.2 ± 1.7 year) and 10 TD (14.1 ± 1.9 year) adolescents during treadmill and overground walking at standard and preferred speeds. Results: The treadmill induced almost identical mechanical changes to overground walking in TD adolescents and those with UCP, with the exception of potential and kinetic vertical and lateral mechanical works, which are both significantly increased in the overground-treadmill transition only in UCP (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Adolescents with UCP have a reduced adaptive capacity in absorbing and decelerating the speed created by a treadmill (i.e., dynamic stability) compared to TD adolescents. This may have an important implication in rehabilitation programs that assess and train gait by using a treadmill in adolescents with UCP.
Non-rigid Groupwise Registration using B-Spline Deformation Model

In this work, we extend a previously demonstrated entropy based groupwise registration method to include a non-rigid deformation model based on B-splines. We describe an open source implementation of the groupwise registration algorithm using the Insight Toolkit ITK. We provide the source code, parameters, input and output data that we used for validation.We describe an efficient implementation of the algorithm by using a stochastic optimization scheme embedded in a multi-resolution setting. The objective function is optimized using gradient descent algorithm combined with line search for the step size. The derivative of the objective function is evaluated efficiently by computing Jacobian of B-spline deformation field locally.We demonstrate the algorithm in application to different imaging modalities including proton density, FA, T1 and T2 MR images. We validate the algorithm on synthetic datasets varying from 2 to 30 images by recovering randomly applied affine and B-spline transforms.
Three-dimensional correction of conduction velocity in the embryonic heart using integrated optical mapping and optical coherence tomography

Abstract. Optical mapping (OM) of cardiac electrical activity conventionally collects information from a three-dimensional (3-D) surface as a two-dimensional (2-D) projection map. When applied to measurements of the embryonic heart, this method ignores the substantial and complex curvature of the heart surface, resulting in significant errors when calculating conduction velocity, an important electrophysiological parameter. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is capable of imaging the 3-D structure of the embryonic heart and accurately characterizing the surface topology. We demonstrate an integrated OCT/OM imaging system capable of simultaneous conduction mapping and 3-D structural imaging. From these multimodal data, we obtained 3-D activation maps and corrected conduction velocity maps of early embryonic quail hearts. 3-D correction eliminates underestimation bias in 2-D conduction velocity measurements, therefore enabling more accurate measurements with less experimental variability. The integrated system will also open the door to correlate the structure and electrophysiology, thereby improving our understanding of heart development.
Aerial manipulation for the workspace above the airframe

We describe an aerial robot equipped with an upward directed hand on top of a quadrotor airframe for realizing an aerial manipulation task at high altitude, considering a work space above the robot. The aerial robot in this study consists of a small quadrotor platform, a robotic hand module including a gripper and slider mechanism, and an embedded vision system. Positioning of the hand is autonomously performed through a vision-based control system. In this system, position and orientation of a bar-like object is measured and detected through a monocular camera image and FPGA-based on-board processing. Through experiments, the grasping of a bar located above the robot, keeping the grasp with shut off propellers and succeeding take off by releasing a bar was achieved.
Adopting system call based address translation into user-level communication

User-level communication alleviates the software overhead of the communication subsystem by allowing applications to access the network interface directly. For that purpose, efficient address translation of virtual address to physical address is critical. In this study, we propose a system call based address translation scheme where every translation is done by the kernel instead of a translation cache on a network interface controller as in the previous cache based address translation. According to our experiments, our scheme achieves up to 4.5 % reduction in application execution time compared to the previous cache based approach
LITEMAPPER-5600 – A WAVEFORM-DIGITIZING LIDAR TERRAIN AND VEGETATION MAPPING SYSTEM

LiteMapper-5600 is a new high-accuracy airborne LIDAR system for corridor and wide-area mapping of terrain and vegetation with a unique feature: it digitizes the echo waveform of each measurement. This paper outlines the system and its components, presents first samples of data that were collected recently with a prototype in flight tests, and analyzes system performance. It highlights applications that take advantage of the waveform registration capabilities of LiteMapper-5600 with a special emphasis on forestry applications. Being based on the new RIEGL LMS-Q560 laser scanner the LiteMapper-5600 system is one of the first commercial airborne LIDAR terrain mapping systems to use waveform digitization, thereby providing access to the full surface information content available from LIDAR measurements. Return waveforms can give detailled insights into the vertical structure of surface objects, surface slope, roughness, and reflectivity. By enabling the user to determine the target detection characteristics in post-processing, a more robust and accurate ground detection for example in areas with low vegetation becomes possible. For forestry applications, the vertical structure of the canopy and understory is revealed, facilitating the determination of species, vegetation health, as well as forest structure and biomass more accurately. * Corresponding author.
Datacenter in a Box: Test Your SDN Cloud-Datacenter Controller at Home

In the last years, the widespread of Cloud computing as the main paradigm to deliver a large plethora of virtualized services significantly increased the complexity of Datacenters management and raised new performance issues for the intra-Datacenter network. Providing heterogeneous services and satisfying users' experience is really challenging for Cloud service providers, since system (IT resources) and network administration functions are definitely separated. As the Software Defined Networking (SDN) approach seems to be a promising way to address innovation in Datacenters, the paper presents a new framework that allows to develop and test new OpenFlow -- based controllers for Cloud Datacenters. More specifically, our framework enhances both Mininet (a well -- known SDN emulator) and POX (a network controller written in python), with all the extensions necessary to experiment novel control and management strategies of IT and network resources.
A historical trajectory of cultural policy in Korea: transforming cultural politics into cultural policy

ABSTRACT This article attempts to enrich the concept of implicit cultural policy by referring to a historical case where cultural politics and cultural policy are intermingled. Korea in the fifteenth century, a time deeply rooted in Confucian political ideals, exhibited significant features of politico-religious state management. Not only was Korea a locus of cultural politics of religion, but this historical period was also a point where the arts, especially music, were the core instrument for realising the country’s political ideals. This historical case provides us with an understanding of how the state occupied a central role in cultural politics and stabilised its initiative by institutionalising the executive system. This article explores the ancient theory of rites and music (Ye-ki; Liji), which forms the core of Confucian cultural display. Music was an important medium that was used to pursue an ideal governance. A description of how the ancient bureaucratic apparatus was established to implement Confucian political ideals follows.
Seed dispersal patterns produced by white‐faced monkeys: implications for the dispersal limitation of neotropical tree species

1 Primate frugivores are important seed dispersers for a large fraction of tree species in many tropical forests. The movement, diet preferences and defecation patterns produced by primates may therefore strongly influence seed dispersion patterns and seedling recruitment success. Here we examine the pattern of seed dispersal generated by white‐faced monkeys (Cebus capucinus) in relation to adult tree distribution in the 50‐ha plot on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panamá. 2 Diet breadth of Cebus was remarkably wide. Over four months they consumed fruits of 95 out of an estimated 240 species available. Seeds of 67 species passed intact through the gut and 28 were spat out. 3 Dispersal effectiveness of Cebus was also high. Two Cebus groups on average spent < 10 min feeding in individual trees, had large home ranges (> 150 ha), travelled 1–3 km day−1 and defecated seeds in small clumps throughout the day. 4 Mean dispersal distance of ingested seeds was 216 m (range 20–844 m), with the highest probability of dispersal 100–200 m from the parent plant. For six of nine species studied, the distance between defecation sites and nearest conspecific adults of seeds in faeces was not significantly different from random expectations. 5 The scattered dispersal pattern produced by Cebus suggests that this species contributes relatively little to dispersal limitation (sensu Nathan & Muller‐Landau 2000 ) compared to other dispersers in the community. Long‐distance dispersal by Cebus resulted in substantial movement of seeds in and out of the 50 ha plot, and suggests that inverse modelling procedures to estimate dispersal functions from trap data may not adequately describe dispersal patterns generated by this primate.
Shape Memory alloy Actuator System Optimization for New Hand Prostheses

Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators have found a wide range of applications due to their unique prop e ties such as high force, small size, lightweight and silent operation . This paper presents the development of compact (SMA) actuator and cooli ng system in one unit. This actuator is developed for multi-fing ered hand. It consists of nickel-titanium (Nitinol) SMA wires in compact forming. The new arrangement insulates SMA wires from the hu man body by housing it in a heat sink and uses a thermoelectric device for rejecting heat to improve the actuator performance. The study uses optimization methods for selecting the SMA wires ge om trical parameters and the material of a heat sink. The exp rimental work implements the actuator prototype and measures its response. Keywords—Optimization, Prosthetic hand, Shape memory alloy, Thermoelectric device, Actuator system
Shot Noise and Coherent Multiple Charge Transfer in Superconducting Quantum Point Contacts

We analyze the shot noise in a voltage biased superconducting quantum point-contact. Results are presented for the single channel case with arbitrary transmission. In the limit of very low transmission it is found that the effective charge, defined from the noise-current ratio, exhibits a step-like behavior as a function of voltage with well defined plateaus at integer values of the electronic charge. This multiple charge corresponds to the transmitted charge in a Multiple Andreev Reflection (MAR) process. This effect gradually disappears for increasing transmission due to interference between different MAR processes.
TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE VIDEO MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Now-a-days, the application of the lane surveillance system increases quickly, for example, it is widely settled at the entrance of highways and toll booths to strengthen the traffic management and survey the public security. Accordingly, the size of the captured video data increases over time. So, it is quite important to study how to manage this video data and how to extract useful information from this large amount of video data. In order to process huge volume of data efficiently in traffic video surveillance system, it is very necessary and important to build a highly efficient video management system which uses advanced video compression techniques. This paper presents an improved video management system for lane supervision, which aims at maintaining the traffic surveillance video by analyzing and storing it in such a compressed form that it reduces a considerable amount of storage space and in the mean time also keeps all the information required for the surveillance purposes.
Large-scale monitoring of DHT traffic

Studying deployed Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs) entails monitoring DHT traffic. Commonly, DHT traffic is measured by instrumenting ordinary peers to passively record traffic. In this approach, using a small number of peers leads to a limited (and potentially biased) view of traffic. Alternatively, inserting a large number of peers may disrupt the natural traffic patterns of the DHT and lead to incorrect results. In general, accurately capturing DHT traffic is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose the idea of minimally visible monitors to capture the traffic at a large number of peers with minimum disruption to the DHT. We implement and validate our proposed technique, called Montra, on the Kad DHT. We show that Montra accurately captures around 90% of the query traffic while monitoring roughly 32,000 peers and can accurately identify destination peers for 90% of captured destination traffic. Using Montra, we characterize the traffic in Kad and present our preliminary results.