Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histone H2A Ubiquitination Inhibits the Enzymatic Activity of H3 Lysine 36 Methyltransferases*

Background: H3K36 methylation antagonizes Polycomb function, but it is not clear whether the reverse is true. Results: H3K36-specific histone methyltransferases display poor enzymatic activities on nucleosome substrates containing H2A ubiquitination, an important Polycomb modification. Conclusion: H3K36-specific histone methyltransferases can respond to chromatin environment. Significance: It provides additional understanding about interplays among chromatin modifications and their roles in transcription regulation. Histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methylation and H2A monoubiquitination (ubH2A) are two closely related histone modifications that regulate Polycomb silencing. Previous studies reported that H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) rarely coexists with H3K36 di- or tri-methylation (H3K36me2/3) on the same histone H3 tails, which is partially controlled by the direct inhibition of the enzymatic activity of H3K27-specific methyltransferase PRC2. By contrast, H3K27 methylation does not affect the catalytic activity of H3K36-specific methyltransferases, suggesting other Polycomb mechanism(s) may negatively regulate the H3K36-specific methyltransferase(s). In this study, we established a simple protocol to purify milligram quantities of ubH2A from mammalian cells, which were used to reconstitute nucleosome substrates with fully ubiquitinated H2A. A number of histone methyltransferases were then tested on these nucleosome substrates. Notably, all of the H3K36-specific methyltransferases, including ASH1L, HYPB, NSD1, and NSD2 were inhibited by ubH2A, whereas the other histone methyltransferases, including PRC2, G9a, and Pr-Set7 were not affected by ubH2A. Together with previous reports, these findings collectively explain the mutual repulsion of H3K36me2/3 and Polycomb modifications.
The role of competition and clustering in population dynamics

A simple argument based on the distribution of individuals amongst discrete resource sites is used to show how the form of single species population models depends on the type of competition between, and the spatial clustering of, the individuals. For scramble competition between individuals, we confirm earlier demonstrations that the Ricker model is a direct consequence of a uniform random distribution of individuals across resources. By introducing spatial clustering of individuals according to a negative binomial distribution, we are able to derive the Hassell model. Furthermore, the tent map model is seen to be a consequence of scramble competition and an ideal-free distribution of individuals. To model contest competition under different degrees of spatial clustering we derive a new three-parameter model, of which the Beverton–Holt and Skellam models are special cases, where one of the parameters relates directly to the clustering distribution. Other population models, such as the quadratic model and the theta-Ricker models, cannot be derived in our framework. Taken together our derivations of population models allows us to make a more rigorous prescription for model choice when fitting to particular datasets.
Thyroid Incidentaloma Detected by Time-Resolved Magnetic Resonance Angiography at 3T: Prevalence and Clinical Significance

Objective To determine the prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas detected by time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography (TRMRA) and to evaluate their clinical significance by using an ultrasonographic (US) and cytologic correlation. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed 2010 consecutive TRMRA examinations performed at our institution between August 2006 and April 2010. The TRMRA findings of thyroid incidentalomas were analyzed according to location, size, as well as vascularity, and were correlated with the US findings and cytologic results. Each nodule was classified as suspiciously malignant, indeterminate or probably benign according to the US criteria recommended by the Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. Results A total of 102 incidentalomas were detected in 90 of 2010 patients (5%). TRMRA showed homogenous hypervascularity in 48 (47%), inhomogeneous hypervascularity in 46 (45%), and hypovascularity in 8 (8%) thyroid nodules. At follow-up study, out of 26 patients with 30 incidentalomas on TRMRA, 27 nodules were identified on US. Of the 27 nodules, 24 (89%) nodule were classified as indeterminate, two (7%) as probably benign, and one (4%) as suspiciously malignant. Among the 16 nodules with available cytopathologic results, 14 (82%) were benign, one (6%) was indeterminate, and one (6%) was malignant. Conclusion Thyroid incidentalomas are found in 5% of TRMRA examinations. Although their presence does not necessarily indicate malignancy, nonspecific findings of detected incidentalomas on TRMRA require further evaluation by US.
StepGreen.org: Increasing Energy Saving Behaviors via Social Networks

Decades of research have explored factors that can influence green behavior. However, much less is known about how technology in general, and social technologies in particular can motivate people to participate in green activities. In this paper we describe the goals, design and evaluation of StepGreen.org, a site intended to promote energy-saving behaviors. We present the results of a field study, during which participants chose to engage in different actions and reported when they had completed them. Our results suggest that motivating factors like public commitment and competition are effective, and better leveraging these factors will likely lead to even greater appeal and effectiveness. Our contribution is to create an understanding of the impact of different decisions on the success of StepGreen.org that can benefit the designers of other multifaceted, online systems for behavior change.
A STUDY OF DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRESSION OF CLOCK FACE DRAWING AND CONCEPTUALIZATION OF TIME IN CHILDREN

لاس زا هک تسا یتخانش ناور – بصع ینومزآ ،تعاس میسرت نومزآ :فده . تسا هتفرگ رارق هدافتسا دروم یتخانش یاه بیسآ یاراد نلااسگرزب یارب یرگلابرغ و یبایشزرا زا نادمه ناتسا ناکدوک رد نامز يزاس موهفم و تعاس میسرت يلوحت يسررب رضاح شهوژپ فده فارحنا و 9/5 ینس نیگنایم اب )رتخد 641 و رسپ 620( زومآ شناد 261 و رازه کی :شور .تسا یراتفر تسرهف ملعم مرف يارجا زا سپ .دندش باختنا یفداصت تروص هب لاس 1/83 درادناتسا پاچ یاه کلام ساسا رب ،دنمراتخاس همین ۀبحاصم ماجنا و )2001 ،لاروکسر و خابنخآ( ناکدوک هورگ ،)2005 ،کوداس و کوداس( اکیرمآ یکشزپ ناور نمجنا یرامآ و یصیخشت یامنهار مراهچ اب و هناگادج روط هب تعاس میسرت و نامز يزاس موهفم .دندرک لیمکت ار تعاس میسرت نومزآ هنومن اب شهوژپ یاه هداد و يبایزرا )2000( زدنومدا و يبیک ،يکیر ،نهوک يراذگ هرمن ۀناماس زا هدافتسا میسرت يجیردت تفرشیپ رگناشن جیاتن :اه هتفای .دش یسررب t نومزآ و یریغتمدنچ سنایراو لیلحت تشه ،تفه ،شش رد هک دش صخشم نینچمه .دوب دعب هب يگلاس تشه زا نامز موهفم و تعاس لوادتم اه ندرک کاپ و اه هرامش بسانمان یراذگ هلصاف و يزاس هنوراو ریظن يفیک ياهاطخ یگلاس ینیزگیاج و تعاس لکش میسرت رد نارتخد درکلمع .دبای يم شهاک نس شیازفا اب جیردت هب اما ،تسا لکش میسرت رد اه یندومزآ درکلمع .دوب نارسپ زا رتهب یرادانعم روط هب نامز نداد ناشن یارب اه هبرقع )1390( يحیبذ ،رولاد ،یجنگ ؛)2000(ناراکمه و نهوک تاعلاطم رد اه هبرقع ینیزگیاج و تعاس هعلاطم ود ره رد یناریا یاه یندومزآ درکلمع هک انعم نیدب ؛تشاد رادانعم توافت رضاح ۀعلاطم و تفرشیپ ،اه هتفای يوگلا ساسارب :یریگ هجیتن . دوب رتهب نامز يزاس موهفم و تعاس لکش میسرت رد يلوحت يتیهام ناکدوک يهجوت يب هک تسا نآ رگناشن هریاد عبر زا هدافتسا رد هدش هدهاشم يطخ . دراد يناشیپ ۀعطق شسر اب يدایز طابترا تعاس میسرت لوحت ،يلک روط هب . يتخانش بیسآ هن و دراد
Micronucleus frequency in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma

Objective—To determine the micronucleus (MN) frequency of acquired cholesteatoma tissue using an MN assay. Material and Methods—Eighteen patients were diagnosed as having chronic otitis media with acquired cholesteatoma and were divided into primary and secondary acquired cholesteatoma groups. Cholesteatoma tissue and normal tissue specimens from the external ear canal skin were taken from the patients during surgical operations. MN frequencies of cholesteatoma and control samples were determined according to standard criteria. Results—The MN frequencies of the cholesteatoma and control tissues were 0.54%±0.31% and 0.24%±0.11%, respectively (p<0.01). MN frequencies for the primary and secondary acquired cholesteatoma groups were 0.63%±0.36% and 0.46%±0.26%, respectively (p>0.05). MN frequencies in cholesteatoma patients without and with complications were 0.42%±0.19% and 0.85%±0.37%, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion—MN frequencies were found to be increased in cholesteatoma tissues when compared with external ear canal skin. The MN frequency in five cases with complications was higher than in cases without complications. These results indicate that there could be associations between MN frequency and acquired cholesteatoma and between MN frequency and complications.
Glift: an abstraction for generic, efficient GPU data structures

Recent work in shading languages and programming models for graphics hardware has given graphics processor (GPU) programmers effective abstractions for expressing computation . However, no comparable abstraction properly expresses the equally important task of data storage and access . This paper presents programmable address translation as a powerful abstraction for deﬁning complex, point-indexable GPU data structures. This abstraction enables GPU programmers to separate algorithm and data structure deﬁnitions, greatly simplifying algorithmic development and enabling reusable and interchangeable data structures. We characterize a large body of previously published GPU data structures in terms of our abstraction and deﬁne the basic operations that these high-performance structures must support. We also present Glift, a generic template library implementation of the abstraction. We demonstrate the use of Glift in simple examples, and describe two applications not previously possible on GPUs due to the complexity of the required data structures: adaptive shadow maps and octree 3D textures. Lastly, we show that our example Glift data structures perform comparably to or better than handwritten implementations while requiring only a fraction of the programming effort.
Multivariate intralocus sexual conflict in seed beetles

Intralocus sexual conflict (IaSC) is pervasive because males and females experience differences in selection but share much of the same genome. Traits with integrated genetic architecture should be reservoirs of sexually antagonistic genetic variation for fitness, but explorations of multivariate IaSC are scarce. Previously, we showed that upward artificial selection on male life span decreased male fitness but increased female fitness compared with downward selection in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. Here, we use these selection lines to investigate sex‐specific evolution of four functionally integrated traits (metabolic rate, locomotor activity, body mass, and life span) that collectively define a sexually dimorphic life‐history syndrome in many species. Male‐limited selection for short life span led to correlated evolution in females toward a more male‐like multivariate phenotype. Conversely, males selected for long life span became more female‐like, implying that IaSC results from genetic integration of this suite of traits. However, while life span, metabolism, and body mass showed correlated evolution in the sexes, activity did not evolve in males but, surprisingly, did so in females. This led to sexual monomorphism in locomotor activity in short‐life lines associated with detrimental effects in females. Our results thus support the general tenet that widespread pleiotropy generates IaSC despite sex‐specific genetic architecture.
A Systematization of the Unscented Kalman Filter Theory

In this paper, we propose a systematization of the (discrete-time) Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) theory. We gather all available UKF variants in the literature, present corrections to theoretical inconsistencies, and provide a tool for the construction of new UKF's in a consistent way. This systematization is done, mainly, by revisiting the concepts of Sigma-Representation, Unscented Transformation (UT), Scaled Unscented Transformation (SUT), UKF, and Square-Root Unscented Kalman Filter (SRUKF). Inconsistencies are related to 1) matching the order of the transformed covariance and cross-covariance matrices of both the UT and the SUT; 2) multiple UKF definitions; 3) issue with some reduced sets of sigma points described in the literature; 4) the conservativeness of the SUT; 5) the scaling effect of the SUT on both its transformed covariance and cross-covariance matrices; and 6) possibly ill-conditioned results in SRUKF's. With the proposed systematization, the symmetric sets of sigma points in the literature are formally justified, and we are able to provide new consistent variations for UKF's, such as the Scaled SRUKF's and the UKF's composed by the minimum number of sigma points. Furthermore, our proposed SRUKF has improved computational properties when compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Emotion Space DiagramVideo Analysis Source Model Target Model Emotion States Model Interpolation Expression Cloning excited astonished delighted happy pleased content Serene calm relaxed sleepytired bored depressed miserable annoyed frustrated angry afraid alarmed Figure 2 GDFA

Gesture driven facial animation (GDFA) overcomes limitations in conventional performance driven facial animation (PDFA) by providing a high level gesture layer as an interface between the sensing and animation mechanisms. GDFA maintains the same spirit of PDFA in that sensing and analysis provide automatic animation control. A distinguishing factor, however, is the high level abstraction of the information flow between sensing and animation. While information flow from sensing to animation in PDFA is typically estimated 2D/3D facial motion, in GDFA, an individual’s facial gesture is estimated and transferred. The use of gesture values assures independence between the actor and face model. The actor and model do not have to conform in shape and the correspondence specification between the two is no longer necessary. Animation can be as expressive as the underlying animation mechanism allows, with no direct constraints arising from what the sensing system can measure. GDFA also ensures the modularity of the system, allowing the adoption of any known sensing or animation mechanism. Our system uses a novel visionbased gesture classifier based on independent component analysis. The same analysis engine is demonstrated on classification of expressions of emotion and viseme information to drive expression and speech animation sequences.
Overlay Multicast Routing Supported by IP Multicast Routers

We propose TOMIMN as a novel overlay multicast approach, which exploits the support from IP multicast routers to construct a topology-aware overlay tree. Compared with most overlay multicast schemes, TOMIMN tree is compatible with the physical network and effective in saving bandwidth resource. Due to the network layer support, no complicated algorithm is needed to adjust the overlay topology in response to membership changes. On the other hand, TOMIMN tree can cover members in unicast domains, which don't support IP Multicast routing. By simulations, we show that TOMIMN draws a good balance between traditional overlay and IP multicast approaches.
Valence-based homophily on Twitter: Network Analysis of Emotions and Political Talk in the 2012 Presidential Election

This study integrates network and content analyses to examine valence-based homophily on Twitter or the tendency for individuals to interact with those expressing similar valence. During the 2012 federal election cycle, we collected Twitter conversations about 10 controversial political topics and mapped their network ties. Using network analysis, we discovered clusters—subgroups of highly self-connected users—and coded messages in each cluster for their expressed positive-to-negative emotional valence, level of support or opposition, and political leaning. We found that valence-based homophily successfully explained the selection of user interactions on Twitter, in terms of expressed emotional valence in their tweets or support versus criticism to an issue. It also finds conservative voices to be associated with negatively valenced clusters and vice versa. This study expands the theory of homophily beyond its traditional conceptualization and provides a new understanding of political-issue interactions in a social media context.
Differences in the developmental patterns of three microtubule- associated proteins in the rat cerebellum

The developmental distribution patterns of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) 1, 2, and 3 were studied using three monoclonal antibodies. Immunochemical staining at the light and electron microscopic levels demonstrated the specific localization of each MAP in different cellular and subcellular compartments. MAP2, which is specifically associated with dendritic microtubules in the adult brain, is strictly associated with growing dendrites from the onset of their formation. MAP3, a recently described MAP of Mr = 180,000, which in the adult brain is associated with neurofilament-rich axons and glial processes, is associated with axons from the beginning of outgrowth. Although MAP3 is not detectable in granule cells and their parallel fiber axons in the mature cerebellum, it does appear transitorily in these axons during development. During neuronal differentiation, MAP1 is found first in axons and only later in dendrites where the highest concentrations are eventually to be found. These results indicate that the combined appearance of MAP1 and MAP2 (dendrites) or MAP1 and MAP3 (axons) correlates with the appearance of morphologically distinct microtubules and provide further evidence that specific MAPs are molecular determinants of dendritic and axonal formation.
Medicaid managed care and health care access for adult beneficiaries with disabilities.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of Medicaid managed care organizations (MCO) on health care access for adults with disabilities (AWDs). DATA SOURCES Mandatory and voluntary enrollment data for AWDs in Medicaid MCOs in each county were merged with the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and the Area Resource File for 1996-2004. STUDY DESIGN I use logit regression and two evaluation perspectives to compare access and preventive care for AWDs in Medicaid MCOs with FFS. From the state's perspective, I compare AWDs in counties with mandatory, voluntary, and no MCOs. From the enrollee's perspective, I compare AWDs who must enroll in an MCO or FFS to those who may choose between them. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Mandatory MCO enrollees are 24.9 percent more likely to wait >30 minutes to see a provider, 32 percent more likely to report a problem accessing a specialist, and 10 percent less likely to receive a flu shot within the past year. These differences persist from the state evaluation perspective. CONCLUSIONS States should not expect a dramatic change in health care access when they implement Medicaid MCOs to deliver care to the adult disabled population. However, continued attention to specialty care access is warranted for mandatory MCO enrollees.
Enhanced expression of tubulin‐specific chaperone protein a, mitochondrial ribosomal protein S27, and the DNA excision repair protein XPACCH in the song system of juvenile male zebra finches

Recent evidence suggests that sexual dimorphisms in the zebra finch song system and behavior arise due to factors intrinsic to the brain, rather than being solely organized by circulating steroid hormones. The present study examined expression of 10 sex chromosome genes in the song system of 25‐day‐old zebra finches in an attempt to further elucidate these factors. Increased expression in males was confirmed for nine of the genes by real‐time qPCR using cDNA from individual whole telecephalons. In situ hybridization at the same age revealed specific, male‐enhanced mRNA for three of the nine genes in one or more song control nuclei. These genes encode tubulin‐specific chaperone A, mitochondrial ribosomal protein S27, and a DNA repair protein XPACCH. Based on what is currently known about these proteins' functions and their localization to particular components of the song circuit, we hypothesize that they each may be involved in specific aspects of masculinization. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 199–207, 2012
DOA estimation and signal separation using antenna with time varying response

In this paper we suggest a new algorithm for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation and signal separation using a novel antenna element with a time variant radiation pattern. With the suggested approach, signals arriving from various spatial directions are acquired in this sensor with different time varying signatures, due to the antenna's continuously changing radiation pattern. We show that if the radiation pattern is varied in a periodical manner and sufficiently fast compared to the bandwidth of the received signals, then multiple sources of radiation can be detected and their direction of arrival estimated. The suggested approach is a novel alternative to array based signal processing, as it allows to perform spatial processing tasks without exploiting multiple sensing elements.
Rapid Influenza Antigen Test for Diagnosis of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009

We compared the QuickVue Influenza test with PCR for diagnosing pandemic (H1N1) 2009 in 404 persons with influenza-like illness. Overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 66%, 84%, 84%, and 64%, respectively. Rapid test results should be interpreted cautiously when pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus is suspected.
Psychometric and cross‐national evaluation of a Portuguese version of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite (IWQOL‐Lite) questionnaire

Objective To evaluate the properties of a Portuguese version of the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite (IWQOL-Lite) questionnaire and to compare quality of life scores between samples of Portuguese and American women. Research Methods and Procedures IWQOL-Lite scores were obtained from 138 Portuguese participants who were enrolled in a 2-year lifestyle weight management programme (‘Portuguese clinical sample’) and 250 Portuguese volunteers from the community (‘Portuguese community sample’). Subjects were matched on gender (all female), BMI, age and treatment-seeking status to American individuals from the IWQOL normative database who completed the IWQOL-Lite in English. In addition, Portuguese community subjects completed the SF-36 and their scores were compared to American individuals' scores from the normative database. The psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the IWQOL-Lite were determined, and Portuguese and American samples were compared on quality of life. Results The Portuguese and English versions of the IWQOL-Lite appeared psychometrically very comparable. The Portuguese IWQOL-Lite demonstrated excellent psychometric properties (internal consistency, correlations with BMI, factor structure, correlation with SF-36, discriminant validity). Comparison of Portuguese and American subjects suggested that increasing BMI may have a more adverse effect on quality of life in Portuguese individuals as compared to Americans. Discussion The results suggest that the Portuguese translation of the IWQOL-Lite is a reliable and valid measure of obesity-specific quality of life. Obesity may have a greater impact on quality of life in Portuguese women compared to American women. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.