Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear synchronization in EEG and whole‐head MEG recordings of healthy subjects

According to Friston, brain dynamics can be modelled as a large ensemble of coupled nonlinear dynamical subsystems with unstable and transient dynamics. In the present study, two predictions from this model (the existence of nonlinear synchronization between macroscopic field potentials and itinerant nonlinear dynamics) were investigated. The dependence of nonlinearity on the method of measuring brain activity (EEG vs. MEG) was also investigated. Dataset I consisted of 10 MEG recordings in 10 healthy subjects. Dataset II consisted of simultaneously recorded MEG (126 channels) and EEG (19 channels) in 5 healthy subjects. Nonlinear coupling was assessed with the synchronization likelihood S and dynamic itinerancy with the synchronization entropy Hs. Significance was assessed with a bootstrap procedure (“surrogate data testing”), comparing S and Hs with their distribution under the null hypothesis of stationary, linear dynamics. Significant nonlinear synchronization was detected in 14 of 15 subjects. The nonlinear dynamics were associated with a high index of itinerant behaviour. Nonlinear interdependence was significantly more apparent in MEG data than EEG. Synchronous oscillations in MEG and EEG recordings contain a significant nonlinear component that exhibits characteristics of unstable and itinerant behaviour. These findings are in line with Friston's proposal that the brain can be conceived as a large ensemble of coupled nonlinear dynamical subsystems with labile and unstable dynamics. The spatial scale and physical properties of MEG acquisition may increase the sensitivity of the data to underlying nonlinear structure. Hum. Brain Mapping 19:63–78, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lineage-Specific Differences between Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Regulation of gp120 Trimer Association and CD4 Binding

ABSTRACT Metastable conformations of the gp120 and gp41 envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) must be maintained in the unliganded state of the envelope glycoprotein trimer. Binding of gp120 to the primary receptor, CD4, triggers the transition to an open conformation of the trimer, promoting interaction with the CCR5 chemokine receptor and ultimately leading to gp41-mediated virus-cell membrane fusion and entry. Topological layers in the gp120 inner domain contribute to gp120-trimer association in the unliganded state and to CD4 binding. Here we describe similarities and differences between HIV-1 and SIVmac gp120. In both viruses, the gp120 N/C termini and the inner domain β-sandwich and layer 2 support the noncovalent association of gp120 with the envelope glycoprotein trimer. Layer 1 of the SIVmac gp120 inner domain contributes more to trimer association than the corresponding region of HIV-1 gp120. On the other hand, layer 1 plays an important role in stabilizing the CD4-bound conformation of HIV-1 but not SIVmac gp120 and thus contributes to HIV-1 binding to CD4. In SIVmac, CD4 binding is instead enhanced by tryptophan 375, which fills the Phe 43 cavity of gp120. Activation of SIVmac by soluble CD4 is dependent on tryptophan 375 and on layer 1 residues that determine a tight association of gp120 with the trimer. Distinct biological requirements for CD4 usage have resulted in lineage-specific differences in the HIV-1 and SIV gp120 structures that modulate trimer association and CD4 binding.
A 10-bit 60-MS/s Low-Power Pipelined ADC With Split-Capacitor CDS Technique

In this brief, a split-capacitor correlated double sampling (SC-CDS) technique is proposed to improve the performance of CDS. Using the proposed technique, low-gain operational amplifiers (op-amps) can be employed to implement a low-power pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC). A power-efficient class-AB pseudodifferential op-amp and its corresponding integrator-based common-mode stabilization (IB-CMS) method are developed to further reduce the power consumption of the ADC. The proposed pipelined ADC fabricated in a pure digital 0.18-¿m 1P5M CMOS process consumes 18 mW at 60 MS/s from a 1.8-V power supply. The active die area is 0.84 mm2.
The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Sensor Package

Abstract This note is intended to serve primarily as a reference guide to users wishing to make use of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data. It covers each of the three primary rainfall instruments: the passive microwave radiometer, the precipitation radar, and the Visible and Infrared Radiometer System on board the spacecraft. Radiometric characteristics, scanning geometry, calibration procedures, and data products are described for each of these three sensors.
Dispersion analysis of capacitive loaded negative-refractive-index transmission lines and associated applications

Metamaterial or left-handed lines are synthesized by adding a series capacitance and a shunt inductance as loading elements to the host transmission lines. In this paper, we present analysis and design of a left-handed metamaterial line which is loaded with an extra shunt capacitor. Traditional metamaterial lines exhibit an inherent high-pass backward-wave response in their lowest harmonics. The additional shunt loading gives a tighter control on the band-pass response of the periodic structure. Moreover, shunt varactors can be used to tune the frequency response in the desired range. Dispersion properties of the structure are studied and design equations are presented for a generalized capacitive loaded left-handed transmission line structure. A practical compact tunable Wilkinson power divider based on the proposed structure is synthesized and simulation and experimental results are shown.
A gap between Business Process Intelligence and redesign process

Business process management systems are introduced to change information system's traditional data driven approaches to process centric approaches. Benefits of process oriented approaches are reduction in operational complexity, change management and easy understanding of processes. Process oriented systems are very effective in identification of flow obstruction and bottlenecks through which improvement in business processes is identified. As the process activities increases identification and measurement of process weakness turns into a challenge. A lot of work has been done in the domain of process improvement and redesign. Researchers have proposed Business Process Intelligence (BPI) framework, which is based on Business Intelligence techniques and provides a multi dimensional way of information representation. Previous researches posses a gap in provision of act of improvement in redesign process. Therefore, this research aims to focus on a guided way of process improvement that can provide optimize redesign process. Process improvement also depends on the effective way of agent assignment and resources assignment to an activity. This research will also provide a discussion on need of methods for optimized agent and resources assignment.
Potential applications of nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer

Despite improvements in our understanding of pancreatic cancer and the emerging concept of personalized medicine for the treatment of this disease, it is still the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the western world. It is established that pancreatic cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease with a complex tumor microenvironment. Indeed the extensive stroma surrounding the cancer cells has been shown to be important in promoting tumor growth and metastases, as well as sequestering chemotherapeutic agents consequently decreasing delivery to the tumor cells. Nanotechnology has come to the forefront in the areas of medical diagnostics, imaging, and therapeutic drug delivery. This review will focus on the potential applications of nanotechnology for diagnosis, imaging, and delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Nitrogen Removal in a Full-Scale Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant with Activated Sludge and Trickling Filter

During the last decade, more stringent effluent requirements concerning the nutrients effluent values have been imposed by legislation and social concern. In this study, efficiency of total nitrogen removal in activated sludge and trickling filter processes (AS/TF) was investigated in Tehran North wastewater treatment plant. Biological system in this site was included, anoxic selector tank, aeration tank, final sedimentation, and trickling filter. A part of treated wastewater before chlorination was mixed with supernatant of dewatered sludge and fed to the trickling filter. Supernatant of dewatered sludge with high concentration of NH4-N was diluted by treated wastewater to provide complete nitrification in trickling filter Produced nitrate in trickling filter was arrived to the anoxic tank and converted to nitrogen gas by denitrification. According to the study result, low concentration of organic carbone and high concentration of NH4-N led to nitrification in TF, then nitrate denitrification to nitrogen gas occurred in selector area. NH4-N concentration decreased from 26.8 mg/L to 0.29 mg/L in TF, and NO3-N concentration increased from 8.8 mg/L to 27 mg/L in TF. Consequently, the total nitrogen decreased approximately to 50% in biological process. This efficiency has been observed in returned flow around 24% from final sedimentation into TF. It was concluded that, in comparison with biological nutrient removal processes, this process is very efficient and simple.
Models of circular RNA biogenesis

The effect of time and space on the biogenesis of mRNA is a matter of research interest because of reports on its potential to affect different biochemical processes. As described by Bentley(2014) and other researchers, along with co-transcriptional process, post-transcriptional events also happen quite frequently for which the splicing process is delayed and a chance of different mode of splicing appears to be probable. While co-transcriptional splicing mechanism suggests an ordered longitudinal joining of exons, post-transcriptional mechanism suggests a possibility of out of the order arrangement of exons leading to different result of transcription. In this light, the present study explored the events leading to formation of circular RNAs.
Modeling random gyro drift by time series neural networks and by traditional method

This paper presents modeling random gyro drift rate by traditional time series method , and makes compensation for gyro drift by Kalman filter, and proposes the modeling and forecasting method by neural networks for strapdown gyro based on time series analysis, and makes a research for random drift rate of gyro applied for strapdown inertial navigation systems, comparison between the results of by Kalman filter based traditional time series method and by time series neural networks is presented.
State Aggregation in Monte Carlo Tree Search

Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithms are a popular approach to online decision-making in Markov decision processes (MDPs). These algorithms can, however, perform poorly in MDPs with high stochastic branching factors. In this paper, we study state aggregation as a way of reducing stochastic branching in tree search. Prior work has studied formal properties of MDP state aggregation in the context of dynamic programming and reinforcement learning, but little attention has been paid to state aggregation in MCTS. Our main result is a performance loss bound for a class of value function-based state aggregation criteria in expectimax search trees. We also consider how to construct MCTS algorithms that operate in the abstract state space but require a simulator of the ground dynamics only. We find that trajectory sampling algorithms like UCT can be adapted easily, but that sparse sampling algorithms present difficulties. As a proof of concept, we experimentally confirm that state aggregation can improve the finite-sample performance of UCT.
The Organizational Response to Employee Acceptability to Change

This thesis investigates the effect of OrgÐ°nizÐ°tionÐ°l Response to ÐµmployÐµÐµs acceptability of change on the ÐµmployÐµÐµs motivation and the major focus was based on the hypothesis that Organizational rewards to employee acceptability of change are the influencing factor for the employee motivation. In this research Sample size was 300 respondents, including 10 organizations and 30 employees from each organization and the technique used for sampling is convenience based sampling. Questionnaire was used for data collection in which respondent were asked the organizational response to employee acceptability of change and does is response effects their level of motivation. Data was collected through personal survey technique. Statistical tool used was to finding revealed that organizational response to employee acceptability of change has influence on the employeeâ€™s motivation.
Detection of various diseases by using formant track extraction and pitch contour analysis

Pitch and formant are two of the most important characteristics of voice signals. These features can be analyzed to detect the condition of patients having Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis (UVCP) before or after treatment. In this paper, we propose a method to determine whether the patients have healed from the disease or not, by using formants track extraction and pitch contour analysis. The formant frequencies are computed by using Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) method and the pitch frequencies are determined by the same LPC & calculating the real cepstrum of the voice signals. A total of 2 patients, one having OSAS and one having UVCP, were analyzed. Significant differences are found in the variation of formant frequencies of both groups. The formant frequencies of patients are higher than the formant frequencies of normal subject and the pitch frequencies are inconsistently unstable than the normal subject. The results are commended from the view of pathophysiological aspect.
Statistical Methods in Assessing Agreement

Measurements of agreement are needed to assess the acceptability of a new or generic process, methodology, and formulation in areas of laboratory performance, instrument or assay validation, method comparisons, statistical process control, goodness of fit, and individual bioequivalence. In all of these areas, one needs measurements that capture a large proportion of data that are within a meaningful boundary from target values. Target values can be considered random (measured with error) or fixed (known), depending on the situation. Various meaningful measures to cope with such diverse and complex situations have become available only in the last decade. These measures often assume that the target values are random. This article reviews the literature and presents methodologies in terms of “coverage probability. ” In addition, analytical expressions are introduced for all of the aforementioned measurements when the target values are fixed and when the error structure is homogenous or heterogeneous (proportional to target values). This article compares the asymptotic power of accepting the agreement across all competing methods and discusses the pros and cons of each. Data when the target values are random or fixed are used for illustration. A SAS macro program to compute all of the proposed methods is available for download at http://www.uic. edu/~hedayat/.
Phosphorylation of AIB1 at Mitosis Is Regulated by CDK1/CYCLIN B

Background Although the AIB1 oncogene has an important role during the early phase of the cell cycle as a coactivator of E2F1, little is known about its function during mitosis. Methodology/Principal Findings Mitotic cells isolated by nocodazole treatment as well as by shake-off revealed a post-translational modification occurring in AIB1 specifically during mitosis. This modification was sensitive to the treatment with phosphatase, suggesting its modification by phosphorylation. Using specific inhibitors and in vitro kinase assays we demonstrate that AIB1 is phosphorylated on Ser728 and Ser867 by Cdk1/cyclin B at the onset of mitosis and remains phosphorylated until exit from M phase. Differences in the sensitivity to phosphatase inhibitors suggest that PP1 mediates dephosphorylation of AIB1 at the end of mitosis. The phosphorylation of AIB1 during mitosis was not associated with ubiquitylation or degradation, as confirmed by western blotting and flow cytometry analysis. In addition, luciferase reporter assays showed that this phosphorylation did not alter the transcriptional properties of AIB1. Importantly, fluorescence microscopy and sub-cellular fractionation showed that AIB1 phosphorylation correlated with the exclusion from the condensed chromatin, thus preventing access to the promoters of AIB1-dependent genes. Phospho-specific antibodies developed against Ser728 further demonstrated the presence of phosphorylated AIB1 only in mitotic cells where it was localized preferentially in the periphery of the cell. Conclusions Collectively, our results describe a new mechanism for the regulation of AIB1 during mitosis, whereby phosphorylation of AIB1 by Cdk1 correlates with the subcellular redistribution of AIB1 from a chromatin-associated state in interphase to a more peripheral localization during mitosis. At the exit of mitosis, AIB1 is dephosphorylated, presumably by PP1. This exclusion from chromatin during mitosis may represent a mechanism for governing the transcriptional activity of AIB1.
Discovering implicit concepts in popular TV programs from social media

With large audience base for popular TV programs, vendors usually place program-related product information implicitly by product placement, or embedded marketing schemes. They target at specific groups of audience who might be interested in the products for promotion purpose. Thus, contextual advertising technique is usually applied in matching product information with relevant Web pages. However, it cannot be directly applied to TV programs without suitable metadata. In this paper, we propose a Web mining approach to implicit concept discovery for popular TV programs. First, major topics in programs are extracted by keyphrase extraction and topic filtering methods. Then, implicit relevance analysis is performed between topics and related categories in various social Web forums to identify implicit concepts. In the experiments, we evaluated the performance of our proposed approach for popular Korean, Japanese, Chinese, and Taiwanese dramas. As the experimental results show, an average precision of 65.11% can be achieved for popular dramas. This validates the effectiveness of our proposed approach in discovering implicitly relevant concepts from social media.
Towards valve turning with an AUV using Learning by Demonstration

AUVs have experimentally done the first steps to solve basic intervention tasks. First results have been promising in the task of retrieving an object from the seabed. In this paper we extend the complexity of the task with the help of a Learning by Demonstration (LbD) approach. An extension of a LbD algorithm to learn the pose and orientation of the trajectory is presented to achieve a valve turning task. A batch of demonstrations done in ROV mode is used by the LbD to learn the trajectory, taking advantage of the experience of the pilots. Moreover, the paper present a controller able to coordinate the movement of the manipulator using the position or the orientation of the end-effector and also moving the AUV when is required. Both systems have been tested together in a simulated environment to solve the task of interacting with a valve located on a ROV panel. The experiments has been done in an environment without perturbations and in an environment with different perturbations. The method has been able to overcome the perturbations and complete the task successfully. Furthermore, the proposed controller has simplified the use of the manipulator during the intervention task. The robot is equipped with a 4 DOFs manipulator having a griper as end effector to operate the T bar handles found in the panel. Panel and valve handle position and orientation are detected by a computer vision program based on template matching.
Melodic structure in a nasal-voice paradox *

This paper addresses the apparently paradoxical behaviour of nasals in Yamato Japanese, where voice is active for nasals in postnasal voicing but inactive in Rendaku (Ito et al 1995). In order to explain this paradox, I propose that the two primes conventionally used to denote nasality and voicing are identical, and that the difference is determined by the notion of headship: the headed prime contributes voicing, and its headless counterpart manifests itself as nasality. These proposals are presented within the context of Element Theory (Kaye et al. 1985; Harris & Lindsey 1995), where output representations are redundancy-free, refer only to privative primes, and are fully interpretable.
Blood pressure variability and outcomes in chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND We investigated the effects of visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) on both mortality and dialysis inception in a cohort of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients not requiring dialysis therapy. Furthermore, we also explored the carry-over effect of visit-to-visit SBPV on mortality after dialysis initiation. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal retrospective, observational, multi-centre study in three tertiary care nephrology outpatient clinics. All the ambulatory CKD patients admitted to the outpatient clinics from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2005 were screened for study eligibility. We selected all consecutive patients older than 18 years of age with a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/m(2), free from cardiovascular disease. SBPV was defined as the ratio of the SD to the mean SBP of five values recorded during a run-in phase of 4-5 months. Data on dialysis inception and mortality were recorded through 31 December 2010. RESULTS Overall, we selected a cohort of 374 elderly (median age: 79 years) subjects. A total of 232 (62%) and 103 (29%) patients were male and had diabetes, respectively. A significant association between SBPV and the risk of death but not of CKD progression to dialysis was noted at univariate and after multivariable adjustments (hazard ratio for all-cause mortality per 1% increase in SBPV: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.09; P = 0.001). Notably, no lethal event was recorded after dialysis initiation. CONCLUSIONS Current findings suggest that SBPV may be of use for risk stratification in CKD patients.
Almost BPS black holes

We study non-BPS black hole solutions to ungauged supergravity with 8 supercharges coupled to vector multiplets in four and five dimensions. We identify a large class of five dimensional non-BPS solutions, which we call ``almost BPS'', that are supersymmetric on local patches and satisfy a first order flow governed by harmonic functions. By dimensional reduction, they give rise to new non-BPS solutions in four dimensions. These solutions allow for some nontrivial asymptotic moduli and multiple centres, similar to their globally supersymmetric cousins. We explicitly discuss a single centre and a two centre example.