Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memory boosting for pattern growth approach

The pattern growth approach of association rule mining is very efficient as avoiding the candidate generation step which is utilized in Apriori algorithm. This research is about the revisiting the pattern growth approaches to discover the different research works carried out to improve the performance using different criteria like header table dealing, item search order, conditional database representation, conditional database construction strategy and tree traversal strategy. And concluded that the reduction in overall time of pattern growth approach can be achieved by reducing the search space and processor operations time at the header table generation. It is proposed to achieve by only considering the items that are going to be frequent and ignoring the infrequent items at early stage of database scan, by considering the boundary. Compare to FP-Growth and CFP-Growth the proposed approach Modified FP-Growth (MFP-Growth) is outperforming in experimental analysis to achieve the cutback in execution time by utilizing the restriction on the memory allocation of infrequent items.
Dissociation Between Left Ventricular Untwisting and Filling: Accentuation by Catecholamines

Background Efficient early diastolic filling is essential for normal cardiac function. Diastolic suction, as evidenced by a decreasing left ventricular pressure during early filling, could result from restoring forces (the release of potential energy stored during systolic deformation) dependent on myofilament relaxation. Although these restoring forces have been envisioned within individual myofibers, recent studies suggest that gross fiber rearrangement involving the connective tissue network occurs early in diastole. This may lead to the release of potential energy stored during systole and suction-aided filling. Methods and Results To establish precisely the timing and extent of restoration of the systolic torsional deformation of the left ventricle with respect to early filling at baseline and with enhanced relaxation, we studied untwisting during control conditions and with catecholamine stimulation. Using noninvasive and nondestructive magnetic resonance tagging, torsional deformation of the left ventricle was measured at 20-msec intervals in 10 open-chest, atrially paced dogs, starting at aortic valve closure. Eight equiangular tags intersected the epicardium and endocardium in three short-axis imaging planes (base, mid, and apex). From the intersection points, epicardial and endocardial circumferential chord and arc lengths were measured and angular twist of mid and apical levels with respect to the base (maximal torsion and its reversal, untwisting) was calculated. Echo-Doppler provided timing of aortic valve closure and of mitral valve opening. Zero torsion was defined at end diastole. Torsion at the apical level reversed rapidly between its maximum and the time immediately after mitral valve opening: from 7.0±5.80 to 3.2±5.40 and 12.0±8.50 to 6.9±7.80 (mean±SD, both p < 0.01) at the epicardium and endocardium, respectively. During the same period, no significant circumferential segment length changes occurred. As expected, after mitral valve opening, filling resulted in significant circumferential segment lengthening, whereas further reversal of torsion was small and nonsignificant. During dobutamine infusion, torsion at end systole was greater and reversal during isovolumic relaxation was much more rapid and greater in extent (p < 0.01). Torsion reversed from 11.5±4.3° to 5.7±4.8° and 17.4±6.4° to 6.9±7.7° at epicardium and endocardium. Conclusions Untwisting occurs principally during isovolumic relaxation before filling and is markedly enhanced in speed and magnitude by catecholamines. This partial return of the left ventricle to its preejection configuration before mitral valve opening could represent an important mechanism for the release of potential energy stored in elastic elements during the systolic deformation. These myocardial restoring forces would be markedly enhanced by physiological changes consequent to catecholamines such as during exercise, offsetting the concomitant shortening of the filling period.
Low complexity near-maximum likelihood decoding for MIMO systems

In recent literature, an increasing radii algorithm (IRA) is introduced to decode the signals in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. It is developed from the idea of sphere decoder (SD) and can achieve near-maximum likelihood (ML) decoding performance with relatively lower complexity than the SD by taking the noise statistics into consideration. In this paper, an improved IRA (IIRA) is proposed to further reduce the complexity. Apart from the noise statistics, channel information is taken into consideration as well. Additionally, a radii update scheme is introduced which enables the search space of the proposed algorithm to be further pruned. As a result, the proposed algorithm achieves a performance close to that of the IRA but with substantial computational savings. The effectiveness of the proposed decoder is verified by simulations.
Long-Lasting Consequences of Neonatal Maternal Separation on Social Behaviors in Ovariectomized Female Mice

Maternal separation (MS) stress is known to induce long-lasting alterations in emotional and anxiety-related behaviors, but effects on social behaviors are not well defined. The present study examined MS effects on female social behaviors in the social investigation (SIT) and social preference (SPT) tests, in addition to non-social behaviors in the open-field (OFT) and light-dark transition (LDT) tests in C57BL/6J mice. All females were tested as ovariectomized to eliminate confounding effects of endogenous estrogen during behavioral testing. Daily MS (3 hr) from postnatal day 1 to 14 did not affect anxiety levels in LDT, but were elevated in OFT with modified behavioral responses to the novel environment. Furthermore, MS altered social investigative behaviors and preference patterns toward unfamiliar stimulus mice in SIT and short- and long-term SPT paradigms. In SIT, MS reduced social investigation duration and increased number of stretched approaches towards both female and male unfamiliar stimulus mice, suggesting increased social anxiety levels in MS females. Similarly, MS heightened levels of social anxiety during short-term SPT but no MS effect on social preference was found. On the other hand, MS females displayed a distinctive preference for female stimuli, unlike control females, when tested for long-term SPT over a prolonged period of 5 days. Evaluation of FosB expression in the paraventricular nucleus, medial and central amygdala following stimulus exposure demonstrated greater number of FosB immunopositive cells in all three brain regions in MS females compared to control females. These results suggest that MS females might differ in neuroendocrine responses toward unfamiliar female and male opponents, which may be associated with modifications in social behaviors found in the present study. Taken together, this study provides new evidence that early life stress modifies female social behaviors by highlighting alterations in behavioral responses to situations involving social as well as non-social novelty.
Query Performance Prediction By Considering Score Magnitude and Variance Together

Query Performance prediction aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the results returned by a search system in response to a query without any relevance information. In this paper, we propose a method that considers both magnitude and variance of scores of the ranked list of results to measure the performance of a query. Using six different TREC test sets, we compare our predictor with three of the state-of-the-art techniques. The experimental results show that our method is very competitive. Pairwise comparisons with each of the three other methods show that our predictor performs better in more data sets.
Social Support, Social Companionship, and Social Distress in Young Adults with Cochlear Implants

Cyranowski, J. M. , Zill, N. , Bode, R. , Bup, Z. , Kelly, M. A. , Pilkonis, P. A. , Salsman, J.M. , & Cella, D. (2013). Assessing social support, companionship, and distress: NaAonal InsAtute of Health (NIH) Toolbox Adult Social RelaAonship Scales. Health Psychology, 32(3), 293. Hinderink, J. B. , Krabbe, P. F. , & Van Den Broek, P. (2000). Development and applicaAon of a health-related quality-of-life instrument for adults with cochlear implants: the Nijmegen cochlear implant quesAonnaire. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 123(6), 756-765. In light of the importance of social support in the overall well-being of an individual and the lack of research on this topic in individuals with cochlear implants, the study purpose is as follows: to examine social relaAonships in young adults with cochlear implants and to determine the presence of any significant differences in social relaAonships between the group with cochlear implants and the group with normal-hearing sensiAvity. Purpose
CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERFACES IN METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES USING THE SLICE COMPRESSION TEST

We conduct a finite element analysis of the slice compression test [13] applied to metal-matrix composites. This test, designed to characterize interfaces in composite materials, involves pressing a composite material specimen on a soft plate so that fibers are forced to protrude and intrude into the soft plate leaving a permanent deformation. We focus on the Ti-6Al-4V matrix with SCS-6 silicon carbide fibers composite system. We conduct calculations using ABAQUS and employ contact elements at the fibermatrix interface, which incorporate a stress-based criterion for crack initiation and frictional sliding. The analysis is performed in three loading stages: i) thermal loading to account for residual stresses, ii) mechanical loading, and iii) mechanical unloading. The fiber protrusion length, the permanent indent depth in the base-plate material, and the debonding length along the fiber-matrix interface are the main output parameters.
Opium for the Masses? Conflict-Induced Narcotics Production in Afghanistan

Abstract To explain the rise in Afghan opium production, we explore how rising conflicts change the incentives of farmers. Conflicts make illegal opportunities more profitable as they increase the perceived lawlessness and destroy infrastructure crucial to alternative crops. Exploiting a unique data set, we show that Western hostile casualties, our proxy for conflict, have a strong impact on subsequent local opium production. Using the period after the planting season as a placebo test, we show that conflict has a strong effect before but no effect after planting, indicating causality.
Mouse control and arm movement coordination

Technical Reports are published to promote timely dissemination of research results by ISVR personnel. This medium permits more detailed presentation than is usually acceptable for scientific journals. Responsibility for both the content and any opinions expressed rests entirely with the author(s). Technical Memoranda are produced to enable the early or preliminary release of information by ISVR personnel where such release is deemed to the appropriate. Information contained in these memoranda may be incomplete, or form part of a continuing programme; this should be borne in mind when using or quoting from these documents. Contract Reports are produced to record the results of scientific work carried out for sponsors, under contract. The ISVR treats these reports as confidential to sponsors and does not make them available for general circulation. Individual sponsors may, however, authorize subsequent release of the material. ISVR authorises you to view and download the Materials at this Web site ("Site") only for your personal, non-commercial use. This authorization is not a transfer of title in the Materials and copies of the Materials and is subject to the following restrictions: 1) you must retain, on all copies of the Materials downloaded, all copyright and other proprietary notices contained in the Materials; 2) you may not modify the Materials in any way or reproduce or publicly display, perform, or distribute or otherwise use them for any public or commercial purpose; and 3) you must not transfer the Materials to any other person unless you give them notice of, and they agree to accept, the obligations arising under these terms and conditions of use. You agree to abide by all additional restrictions displayed on the Site as it may be updated from time to time. This Site, including all Materials, is protected by worldwide copyright laws and treaty provisions. You agree to comply with all copyright laws worldwide in your use of this Site and to prevent any unauthorised copying of the Materials. 6 Summary 37 7 Recommendations and comments 39 A Analysis for a single subject 44 A.1 Task 1 – moving towards target. B Evaluation for all subjects 47 C Evaluation for frequent users 50 D Evaluation for frequent users 53 1 Acknowledgement No accomplishment of any significance is achieved solely by the efforts of one person. First of all I would like to thank Prof. Brian Mace for having this interesting idea of introducing a bias angle …
Real-Time Ventilation Measurements from Mechanically Ventilated Livestock Buildings for Emission Rate Estimations

A six-state USDA-IFAFS funded research project (Aerial Pollutant Emissions from Confined Animal Buildings, APECAB) was conducted with the purpose of determining hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, PM10, and odor emission rates from selected swine and poultry housing systems. An important aspect of emission studies is to be able to measure the mass flow rate of air through the housing system. For this research project, the decision was made to study only fan ventilated buildings due to the difficulty in estimated mass flow rates through naturally ventilated buildings. This paper highlights the various techniques used throughout the study to determine mass flow rate through fan ventilated swine and poultry housing systems.
Functional EF-Hands in Neuronal Calcium Sensor GCAP2 Determine Its Phosphorylation State and Subcellular Distribution In Vivo, and Are Essential for Photoreceptor Cell Integrity

The neuronal calcium sensor proteins GCAPs (guanylate cyclase activating proteins) switch between Ca2+-free and Ca2+-bound conformational states and confer calcium sensitivity to guanylate cyclase at retinal photoreceptor cells. They play a fundamental role in light adaptation by coupling the rate of cGMP synthesis to the intracellular concentration of calcium. Mutations in GCAPs lead to blindness. The importance of functional EF-hands in GCAP1 for photoreceptor cell integrity has been well established. Mutations in GCAP1 that diminish its Ca2+ binding affinity lead to cell damage by causing unabated cGMP synthesis and accumulation of toxic levels of free cGMP and Ca2+. We here investigate the relevance of GCAP2 functional EF-hands for photoreceptor cell integrity. By characterizing transgenic mice expressing a mutant form of GCAP2 with all EF-hands inactivated (EF−GCAP2), we show that GCAP2 locked in its Ca2+-free conformation leads to a rapid retinal degeneration that is not due to unabated cGMP synthesis. We unveil that when locked in its Ca2+-free conformation in vivo, GCAP2 is phosphorylated at Ser201 and results in phospho-dependent binding to the chaperone 14-3-3 and retention at the inner segment and proximal cell compartments. Accumulation of phosphorylated EF−GCAP2 at the inner segment results in severe toxicity. We show that in wildtype mice under physiological conditions, 50% of GCAP2 is phosphorylated correlating with the 50% of the protein being retained at the inner segment. Raising mice under constant light exposure, however, drastically increases the retention of GCAP2 in its Ca2+-free form at the inner segment. This study identifies a new mechanism governing GCAP2 subcellular distribution in vivo, closely related to disease. It also identifies a pathway by which a sustained reduction in intracellular free Ca2+ could result in photoreceptor damage, relevant for light damage and for those genetic disorders resulting in “equivalent-light” scenarios.
Identifying refactoring through formal model based on data flow graph

Identifying refactoring is an important step of bad smell removal process. Many developers have problem identifying refactoring, e.g., novice developers are not sure which refactorings should be applied. Even skilled developers may need to spend a lot of time doing this manually. Identifying refactoring techniques can alleviate these problems for developers. In our previous work, we proposed refactoring filtering conditions (RFC) that identify candidate refactorings for removing long method bad smell. These conditions analyze internal structure inside a method with data flow analysis. Our research improves these RFC based on more refined data flow analysis and presents its formal description. This research also demonstrates an approach of using the improved RFC of three refactorings. Moreover, we conducted an experiment to compare the efficiency of the results of our approach with that of our previous work and that of developer suggestion.
Jakstab: A Static Analysis Platform for Binaries Tool Paper

For processing compiled code, model checkers require accurate model extraction from binaries. We present our fully configurable binary analysis platform JAKSTAB, which resolves indirect branches by multiple rounds of disassembly in- terleaved with dataflow analysis. We demonstrate that this iterative disassembling strategy achieves better results than the state-of-the-art tool IDA Pro.
Comparative Study of FOREX Trading Systems Built with SVR+GHSOM and Genetic Algorithms Optimization of Technical Indicators

Considerable effort has been made by researchers from various areas of science to forecast financial time series such as stock market and foreign exchange market (Forex). Recent studies have shown that the market can be outperformed by trading systems built with computational intelligence techniques. This study applies the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique to optimize technical indicators parameters in order to maximize profit in the nine most tradable foreign exchange rates. Fifteen trading systems were created by combining four technical indicators optimized by the GA. It is then compared to an SVR+GHSOM model trading system and an analysis is performed to assess the most adaptable model in a period of international economic crisis. We report in the experiments that the GA model was far superior compared to the SVR+GHSOM model in the test period. The comparison considered performance measures such as profitability (ROI) and the maximum draw down (MD). The experiments have also shown that it is possible to increase profit by adjusting the risk parameter (lots size), at the expense of increasing the risk.
Highly Efficient Local Non-Texture Image Inpainting Based on Partial Differential Equation

Image in painting has been a popular study point in recent years and a number of strategies have been developed. Partial differential equation (PDE) image in painting approach often acts as a fundamental building block in this area. However, the high computing load limits the application of PDE-based image in painting, especially in mobile terminal. In this paper, first an enhanced Curvature-Driven Diffusions (ECDD) model is proposed to improve the repairing performance. Then a fast local non-texture in painting scheme is performed based on ECDD and total variation (TV) to make the computing of the PDE-based image in painting more efficient. The experimental results show that the proposed strategy not only can repair the long disconnected objects more accurately, but also can greatly shorten the iteration time of image in painting.
Silvicultural Attempts to Induce Browse Resistance in Conifer Seedlings

A multiyear study was conducted to determine if soil amendment combined with topical application of elemental sulfur could be employed to reduce deer browse damage to four conifer species. Fertilizer and sulfur were applied to conifer seedlings at seven sites near Corvallis, OR. Growth and browse damage data were collected for all seedlings over a period of 17 months. Additionally, foliar concentrations of monoterpenes and simple carbohydrates were assessed in western redcedar (Thuja plicata) seedlings over a period of three years. Fertilization and sulfur treatments had a moderate impact on growth and no influence on browse damage or the chemical responses. Over the course of the study, browse damage diminished while foliar monoterpene concentrations increased in redcedar. It appears that silvicultural manipulation via sulfur application and/or soil amendment cannot accelerate or alter the ontogenetical changes that may naturally defend seedlings against mammalian herbivores. In a brief trial with captive deer, redcedar browse resistance was influenced by seedling maturation, but not monoterpene content. Other maturation effects may yield significant browse protection to young seedlings.
Contrasting Regulation of NO and ROS in Potato Defense-Associated Metabolism in Response to Pathogens of Different Lifestyles

Our research provides new insights into how the low and steady-state levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in potato leaves are altered after the challenge with the hemibiotroph Phytophthora infestans or the necrotroph Botrytis cinerea, with the subsequent rapid and invader-dependent modification of defense responses with opposite effects. Mainly in the avirulent (avr) P. infestans–potato system, NO well balanced with the superoxide level was tuned with a battery of SA-dependent defense genes, leading to the establishment of the hypersensitive response (HR) successfully arresting the pathogen. Relatively high levels of S-nitrosoglutathione and S-nitrosothiols concentrated in the main vein of potato leaves indicated the mobile function of these compounds as a reservoir of NO bioactivity. In contrast, low-level production of NO and ROS during virulent (vr) P. infestans-potato interactions might be crucial in the delayed up-regulation of PR-1 and PR-3 genes and compromised resistance to the hemibiotrophic pathogen. In turn, B. cinerea triggered huge NO overproduction and governed inhibition of superoxide production by blunting NADPH oxidase. Nevertheless, a relatively high level of H2O2 was found owing to the germin-like activity in cooperation with NO-mediated HR-like cell death in potato genotypes favorable to the necrotrophic pathogen. Moreover, B. cinerea not only provoked cell death, but also modulated the host redox milieu by boosting protein nitration, which attenuated SA production but not SA-dependent defense gene expression. Finally, based on obtained data the organismal cost of having machinery for HR in plant resistance to biotrophs is also discussed, while emphasizing new efforts to identify other components of the NO/ROS cell death pathway and improve plant protection against pathogens of different lifestyles.
Incentive-Based Lending Capacity, Competition and Regulation in Banking

This paper studies moral hazard in banking due to delegated monitoring in an environment of aggregate risk and examines its implications for credit market equilibrium and regulation, in a model where banks are price competitors for loans and deposits. It provides a rationale for an incentive-based lending capacity positively linked to the bank’s capital and profit margin, for an oligopolistic market structure wherever banks have market power, and for capital requirements. Social-welfare-maximizing capital requirements are lowered in recessions, are higher the more fragmented the banking sector, and are increased when anti-competitive measures are removed. In equilibrium banks earn excessive profits and credit may be rationed.