Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Notification Dissemination for IMS Presence Using Network Coordinates

The presence service provides event-based notifications of the status of contacts. Currently duplicate notifications must be sent directly to a set of watchers in unicast messages, putting unneeded strain on outgoing network links of the source node. In this article, we propose an extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to distribute notifications through a tree of watchers using network coordinates to build the tree. Our simulation results show traffic costs halved by using the extension without significantly adding delay.
Case, Word Order, Grammatical Function and Information Structure in Japanese

2 Acknowledgements I thank my professors and mentors Ralf Vogel and Miriam Butt. Ralf Vogel provided me constantly with support and encouragement. I benefited a lot from the discussions with him. He was the person who evoked my interest in syntax and OT and impressed me with his prompt and insightful analysis of linguistic data. Furthermore, I thank Miriam Butt for her professional comments and advice. I feel very lucky to have met Miriam Butt at the computational linguistics fall school at the University of Konstanz. She is such an inspiring teacher that I decided to write my masters thesis in the framework of LFG. Many thanks go to my friends and fellow students at the University of Bielefeld for many good discussions. A special thank goes to Attila Sepsi and Ioan Ghisoiu for cheering me up during my master course. I am deeply grateful to my mother and Japanese informant Nobuko Sugisaki for being patient to be tested over a dozen of Japanese sentences. My wholehearted thanks go to my husband Andreas Bleiker for being supportive and understanding during my study in Bielefeld. I would not have finished my study in two years without his support and pragmatic suggestions. 3 List of Abbreviations ACC accusative case LOC locative case ADJ adjunct NEG negative AG agent NOM nominative case ASP aspect NZER nominalizer BCK background OBJ object COM comitative case OBJ θ semantically restricted object COMP complement OBL oblique CONTRA contrastiveness OBL θ semantically restricted oblique COP copula OSV object-subject-verb DAT dative case PAST past tense DF discourse function PAT patient EMP emphasis PRED predicate FOC focus PRES present tense GEN genitive case Q question word GER gerund SOV subject-object-verb GF grammatical function SUBJ subject HON honorific TOP topic I.OBJ indirect object VOL volitional INSTR instrumental case VP verbal phrase K kase(case) XADJ open adjunct KP kase (case) phrase XCOMP open complement Index Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations
Statistical comparison of properties of simulated and observed cumulus clouds in the vicinity of Houston during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS)

We present statistical comparisons of properties of clouds generated by Large Eddy Simulations (LES) with aircraft observations of nonprecipitating, warm cumulus clouds made in the vicinity of Houston, TX during the Gulf of Mexico Atmospheric Composition and Climate Study (GoMACCS), carried out in the summer of 2006. Aircraft data were sampled with the Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) Twin Otter airplane. Five flights (days) that are most suitable for studying aerosol-cloud interactions are selected from the 22 flights. The model simulations are initiated with observed environmental profiles. The simulations are used to generate an ensemble of thousands of cumulus clouds for statistically meaningful evaluations. Statistical comparisons focus on the properties of a set of dynamical and thermodynamical variables, sampled either in the cloud or the cloud updraft core. The set of variables includes cloud liquid water content (LWC), number mixing ratio of cloud droplets (Nd), cloud effective radius (re), updraft velocity (w), and the distribution of cloud sizes. In general, good agreement between the simulated and observed clouds is achieved in the normalized frequency distribution functions, the profiles averaged over the cloudy regions, the cross-cloud averages, and the cloud size distributions, despite big differences in sample size between the model output and the aircraft data. Some unresolved differences in frequency distributions of w and possible differences in cloud fraction are noted. These comparisons suggest that the LES is able to successfully generate the cumulus cloud populations that were present during GoMACCS. The extent to which this is true will depend on the specific application.
On the Principal Component Liu-type Estimator in Linear Regression

In this article, we present a principal component Liu-type estimator (LTE) by combining the principal component regression (PCR) and LTE to deal with the multicollinearity problem. The superiority of the new estimator over the PCR estimator, the ordinary least squares estimator (OLSE) and the LTE are studied under the mean squared error matrix. The selection of the tuning parameter in the proposed estimator is also discussed. Finally, a numerical example is given to explain our theoretical results.
Advection dominated accretion: Underfed black holes and neutron stars

We describe new optically thin solutions for rotating accretion flows around black holes and neutron stars. These solutions are advection dominated, so that most of the viscously dissipated energy is advected radially with the flow. We model the accreting gas as a two temperature plasma and include cooling by bremsstrahlung, synchrotron, and Comptonization. We obtain electron temperatures $T_e\sim 10^{8.5}-10^{10}$K. The new solutions are present only for mass accretion rates $\dot M$ less than a critical rate $\dot M_{crit}$ which we calculate as a function of radius $R$ and viscosity parameter $\alpha$. For $\dot M<\dot M_{crit}$ we show that there are three equilibrium branches of solutions. One of the branches corresponds to a cool optically thick flow which is the well-known thin disk solution of Shakura \& Sunyaev (1973). Another branch corresponds to a hot optically thin flow, discovered originally by Shapiro, Lightman \& Eardley (1976, SLE). This solution is thermally unstable. The third branch corresponds to our new advection-dominated solution. This solution is hotter and more optically thin than the SLE solution, but is viscously and thermally stable. It is related to the ion torus model of Rees et al. (1982) and may potentially explain the hard X-ray and $\gamma$-ray emission from X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei.
A Dedicated Multi-Channel MAC Protocol Design for VANET with Adaptive Broadcasting

Vehicular wireless communication should be able to provide vehicles with reliable and efficient data transmissions for various applications, especially safety applications. We present a dedicated multi- channel MAC protocol that has an adaptive broadcasting mechanism, specifically designed to provide collision-free and delay-bounded transmissions for safety applications under various traffic conditions. Besides defining the implementation of this protocol, we conducted simulation evaluations showing that it has promising performance on critical statistics.
Genetic and pharmacologic blockade of central melanocortin signaling attenuates cardiac cachexia in rodent models of heart failure

The central melanocortin system plays a key role in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. We investigated whether genetic or pharmacologic blockade of central melanocortin signaling attenuates cardiac cachexia in mice and rats with heart failure. Permanent ligation of the left coronary artery (myocardial infarction (MI)) or sham operation was performed in wild-type (WT) or melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) knockout mice. Eight weeks after surgery, WT-Sham mice had significant increases in lean body mass (LBM; P<0·05) and fat mass (P<0·05), whereas WT-MI did not gain significant amounts of LBM or fat mass. Resting basal metabolic rate (BMR) was significantly lower in WT-Sham mice compared to WT-MI mice (P<0·001). In contrast, both MC4-Sham and MC4-MI mice gained significant amounts of LBM (P<0·05) and fat mass (P<0·05) over the study period. There was no significant difference in the BMR between MC4-Sham and MC4-MI mice. In the second experiment, rats received aortic bands or sham operations, and after recovery received i.c. v. injections of either artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) or the melanocortin antagonist agouti-related protein (AGRP) for 2 weeks. Banded rats receiving AGRP gained significant amount of LBM (P<0·05) and fat mass (P<0·05) over the treatment period, whereas banded rats receiving aCSF did not gain significant amounts of LBM or fat mass. These results demonstrated that genetic and pharmacologic blockade of melanocortin signaling attenuated the metabolic manifestations of cardiac cachexia in murine and rat models of heart failure.
Under Consideration for Publication in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming an Interactive Semantics of Logic Programming

We apply to logic programming some recently emerging ideas from the field of reduction-based communicating systems, with the aim of giving evidence of the hidden interactions and the coordination mechanisms that rule the operational machinery of such a programming paradigm. The semantic framework we have chosen for presenting our results is tile logic, which has the advantage of allowing a uniform treatment of goals and observations and of applying abstract categorical tools for proving the results. As main contributions, we mention the finitary presentation of abstract unification, and a concurrent and coordinated abstract semantics consistent with the most common semantics of logic programming. Moreover, the compositionality of the tile semantics is guaranteed by standard results, as it reduces to check that the tile systems associated to logic programs enjoy the tile decomposition property. An extension of the approach for handling constraint systems is also discussed.
Online algorithms for energy cost minimization in cellular networks

Dynamic base station activation and transmission power control are the key mechanisms to reduce energy consumption in cellular networks. In this work, we consider employing these methods for the purpose of minimizing long-term energy cost in cellular networks. Based on the two-timescale Lyapunov optimization technique, we formulate an online control problem to ensure achieving minimal energy cost while stabilizing use queues. While the control problem can be solved in a centralized manner, we limit our attention to distributed solutions which are highly attractive in the design of next generation mobile networks. Due to the combinatorial nature of the problem and the complex relation of achievable rates to interfering signals, the problem is non-convex. Consequently, conventional duality methods cannot be employed to achieve the distributed solution. Thus, we design a distributed solution for the problem based on Gibbs sampling method. The proposed algorithm can be implemented in a fully distributed manner, does not depend on the convexity or continuity of the energy cost functions, and guarantees solution optimality. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the behavior of the solution in some example network scenarios.
A Comparative Evaluation of GMM-Free State Tying Methods for ASR

Deep neural network (DNN) based speech recognizers have recently replaced Gaussian mixture (GMM) based systems as the state-of-the-art. While some of the modeling techniques developed for the GMM based framework may directly be applied to HMM/DNN systems, others may be inappropriate. One such example is the creation of context-dependent tied states, for which an efficient decision tree state tying method exists. The tied states used to train DNNs are usually obtained using the same tying algorithm, even though it is based on likelihoods of Gaussians, hence it is more appropriate for HMM/GMMs. Recently, however, several refinements have been published which seek to adapt the state tying algorithm to the HMM/DNN hybrid architecture. Unfortunately, these studies reported results on different (and sometimes very small) datasets, which does not allow their direct comparison. Here, we tested four of these methods on the same LVCSR task, and compared their performance under the same circumstances. We found that, besides changing the input of the context-dependent state tying algorithm, it is worth adjusting the tying criterion as well. The methods which utilized a decision criterion designed directly for neural networks consistently, and significantly, outperformed those which employed the standard Gaussian-based algorithm.
Genome-Wide Association Studies and Heritability Estimates of Body Mass Index Related Phenotypes in Bangladeshi Adults

Many health outcomes are influenced by a person's body mass index, as well as by the trajectory of body mass index through a lifetime. Although previous research has established that body mass index related traits are influenced by genetics, the relationship between these traits and genetics has not been well characterized in people of South Asian ancestry. To begin to characterize this relationship, we analyzed the association between common genetic variation and five phenotypes related to body mass index in a population-based sample of 5,354 Bangladeshi adults. We discovered a significant association between SNV rs347313 (intron of NOS1AP) and change in body mass index in women over two years. In a linear mixed-model, the G allele was associated with an increase of 0.25 kg/m2 in body mass index over two years (p-value of 2.3·10−8). We also estimated the heritability of these phenotypes from our genotype data. We found significant estimates of heritability for all of the body mass index-related phenotypes. Our study evaluated the genetic determinants of body mass index related phenotypes for the first time in South Asians. The results suggest that these phenotypes are heritable and some of this heritability is driven by variation that differs from those previously reported. We also provide evidence that the genetic etiology of body mass index related traits may differ by ancestry, sex, and environment, and consequently that these factors should be considered when assessing the genetic determinants of the risk of body mass index-related disease.
Sensorless control of permanent-magnet synchronous motors using online parameter identification based on system identification theory

An online parameter identification method and sensorless control using identified parameters were realized in surface and interior permanent-magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs and IPMSMs, respectively). As this method does not use rotor position or velocity to identify motor parameters, the identified parameters are not affected by position estimation error under sensorless control. The proposed method can be applied to all kinds of synchronous motors. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by experiments in both SPMSMs and IPMSMs.
Exercise DVD effect on musculoskeletal disorders in professional orchestral musicians.

BACKGROUND Professional musicians report a high prevalence of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs). Excessive muscle tension and fatigue have been reported as important factors contributing to PRMDs. AIMS To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of a specific exercise programme delivered via a digital video disc (DVD) targeting PRMDs and associated risk factors. METHODS Volunteers from eight Australian symphony orchestras undertook two or more sessions per week over 12 weeks. Questionnaires were administered pre- and post-intervention with items including the frequency and severity of PRMDs, perceived exertion during different playing situations, per formance effects of the DVD and satisfaction rates. Musicians who had also participated in an equivalent face-to-face programme prior to this DVD trial compared the two interventions. RESULTS One hundred and forty-four out of 576 musicians volunteered (25% uptake), and 50 participants completed a mean 2.1 (SD 0.42) sessions over the 12 week period (41% compliance). PRMD frequency and severity were significantly reduced post-intervention (P < 0.01). Participants reported benefits of the DVD on strengthening muscles, increasing ease of movement and improving flexibility related to playing. Despite this, perceived exertion levels during private practice, rehearsal and performance remained the same (not significant). Seventy-eight per cent of participants scored their overall experience of the use of the DVD as good or excellent. Owing to its convenience and detailed exercise demonstrations, the DVD was rated as better or much better overall than the face-to-face classes by 55% of participants who had experienced both. CONCLUSIONS An exercise DVD was well received and appeared to be effective, convenient and safe in managing occupational-specific musculoskeletal disorders in musicians.
Chromosomal profiles of high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia relate to duration of preceding high‐risk human papillomavirus infection

High‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) represents a heterogeneous disease both with respect to clinical behavior and chromosomal aberrations detected. We hypothesized that the extent of chromosomal aberrations reflects the duration of their existence. Chromosomal profiles were determined of CIN3 of women with a known 5‐year history of high‐risk human papillomavirus virus (hrHPV) infection, in which duration of prior hrHPV infection was considered a proxy for duration of CIN3 existence. Eleven women had a <5 year preceding hrHPV infection (CIN3<5yrPHI) and 24 had a PHI lasting ≥5 years (CIN3≥5yrPHI). For comparison, six CIN3 adjacent to squamous cell carcinomas (CIN3‐SCC), the corresponding SCCs, and six CIN1 were included. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of the chromosomal profiles revealed two clusters. One was characterized by a low number of chromosomal aberrations and included all CIN1, 81.8% of CIN3<5yrPHI and 33.3% of CIN3≥5yrPHI. Samples in the second cluster, displaying multiple aberrations, included 18.2% of CIN3<5yrPHI, 66.7% CIN3≥5yrPHI, all except one CIN3‐SCC and all SCCs. The number of genomic aberrations increased according to lesion grade and also with longer duration of PHI. The increase in aberrations in CIN3≥5yrPHI compared to <5yrPHI was highly significant (p = 0.001), suggesting that CIN3≥5yrPHI represent more severe lesions. In conclusion, longer duration of preceding hrHPV infection is associated with an increased number of chromosomal aberrations. Hence, CIN3 with a longer duration of existence are likely more prone to have an increased short‐term risk of cervical cancer.
Teens in Cyberspace: Do They Encounter Friend or Foe?

Parents are increasingly concerned by their teens' use of the Internet. Many teens spend hours surfing the Net when parents would prefer them to be doing homework, out playing sport, or even out at the mall. In particular, concerns revolve around pornography, social isolation and safety. Media reports of cyber-predators have parents fearful that their children could be lured, or even tracked, by paedophiles. Michele Fleming and Debra Rickwood investigate whether parents' fears are well founded or not in this review of the literature on teens' use of the Internet.
Integrating fragmented software applications into holistic solutions: focus on drug discovery

Introduction: Current advances in software development and global molecular profiling technologies allow the development of holistic software solutions for drug discovery. Such solutions must streamline in silico drug and therapy development by integrating all types of data into one knowledge base and also by enabling continuous analysis workflows uninterrupted by manual restructuring of inputs and outputs from workflow components. They must provide a collaborative environment for data sharing between multiple users and allow importing of all types of experimental data for subsequent analysis. Areas covered: The reader is provided with a review of disparate software applications currently used in drug development and a discussion of existing organizational challenges for development of holistic software solutions. The reader is also provided with a proposed conceptual framework for integration of software components and some details for its implementation are suggested. Expert opinion: Holistic solutions can undoubtedly affect the speed, quality and cost of drug development and personalized therapy. However, it must be constantly evolved to rapidly adopt new experimental and statistical methods, incorporate advances in software technologies and allow perpetual optimization of its components. Perpetual improvements in data structure, data quality, statistical algorithms and other mathematical approaches for computer modeling can gradually shift financial and cultural emphasis in the pharmaceutical industry away from traditional experimental approaches and towards computational approaches.
The perceptions and pressures experienced by male primary elementary teachers and how these affect their behaviors and career choices

AND HOW THESE AFFECT THEIR BEHAVIORS AND CAREER CHOICES Darin Siefert Dr. Ruth Ann Roberts, Dissertation Chairperson ABSTRACT This dissertation was a qualitative study of the perceptions and pressure of male primary elementary teachers and how these may affect their behavior and career choices. The researcher sought, through interviews of all stakeholders, to better understand the world of a male primary elementary teacher and how they are impacted by the thoughts and attitudes of those around them.
DIFFERENCES IN RHYTHMS OF ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF MATERNAL AND FETAL BLOOD

Blood specimens were obtained at different daily times from the umbilical cord and brachial vein from 53 women within 10 minutes after delivery. Enzyme activities were measured in the white blood cells (WBCs) and serum of each sample. For each enzyme, the results were grouped according to sampling (delivery) times and arrayed to form a 24h time series. Separate time series were generated for maternal and fetal enzymes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and cosine best-fit analyses were applied to elucidate significant differences between enzyme activity patterns of mothers and fetuses with regard to time dependency, number of peaks, and acrophases. These and previously documented results indicate that not all mothers and fetuses have rhythms that are concordant. For some enzymes of fetuses, the activity rhythms differ in phase and shape of the time series pattern from those of the mothers; for other enzymes, the activity rhythms develop after birth. (Chronobiology International, 17(2), 221–228, 2000)
Developing a Sina Weibo Incident Monitor for Disasters

This paper presents ongoing work to develop an earthquake detector based on near-real-time microblog messages from China. The system filters earthquake related keywords from Sina Weibo messages available on the public timeline and uses a classifier to determine if the messages correspond to people experiencing an earthquake. We describe how the classifier has been established and report preliminary results of successfully using it as a detector for earthquake events in China. We also provide an overview of how we have accessed messages in Chinese from Sina Weibo, including a summary of their structure and content. We note our experience of processing this text with Natural Language Processing packages and describe a preliminary web site for users to view the processed messages. Our long term aim is to develop a general alert and monitoring system for various disaster event types in China reported by the public on Sina Weibo. This first case study provides a working example from which an ‘all hazards’ system can be developed over time.