Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a new kind active frequency selective surface(FSS)

Ordinary active frequency selective surface (AFSS) was thought to consist of slots etched on one side of an substrate, with the biasing circuit on the other side. In this paper, a new AFSS without biasing circuit is proposed, the inductive voltage produced by incident wave become bias control signal of the lumped active device. Simulation result shows that the FSS resonant at 3GHz (with tiny insert loss) when the field strength of incident wave is small, then the insert loss of the FSS increase along with the field strength of the incident wave when the field strength is larger than 700V/m, the rejection of 3GHz incident wave increase to 18dB when the incident field strength become 10kV/m.
Increased ectopic fat cells in the longitudinal muscularis layer of the oviduct isthmus in obese Japanese Black cows.

In obese humans, mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to become ectopic fat cells in muscles. These ectopic fat cells inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscles. Stem cells have been recently identified in the human oviduct, a structure important in reproduction. We therefore investigated the number of Oil Red O (ORO)-positive cells in the oviducts of control Japanese Black cows (n = 6; body condition score [BCS], 3.0 on a 5-point scale) compared to those with diet-induced obesity (n = 5; BCS, 4.0). We stained the ampulla and isthmus collected on the second day after ovulation with ORO and then counted the positive cells in each layer in 10 cross-sections of the ampulla or isthmus. The obese group (23.4 ± 3.4 in the 10 sections) had larger numbers of ORO-positive cells in the longitudinal muscularis of the isthmus (P < 0.05) than did the control group (15.0 ± 2.4). ORO-positive cells were also observed in all other layers of the isthmus and ampulla; however, the number of cells in these layers did not differ significantly between obese cows and controls. Whether this observed increase in ORO-positive cells in the oviducts of obese cows affects their reproduction warrants further study.
Estimating the Relationship between Food Prices and Food Consumption—Methods Matter

Concerns about the growing prevalence of obesity worldwide have led researchers and policy makers to investigate the potential health impact of fiscal policies such as taxes on unhealthy foods. A common instrument used to measure the relationship between food prices and food consumption is the price elasticity of demand. Using meta-regression analysis we assessed how differences in methodological approaches to estimating demand affected food price elasticities. Most methodological differences had a statistically significant impact on elasticity estimates, which stresses the importance of using meta-estimates or testing the sensitivity of simulation outcomes to a range of elasticity parameters before drawing policy conclusions.
Use of monoclonal antibodies to demonstrate different sites with different functional characteristics in a bacterial lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa YS-7

Structural and functional features of the extracellular lipase from the low-water-tolerant bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa YS-7 were studied immunochemically with the aid of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) raised against the enzyme. Fourteen different MAbs were obtained, verified as immunoglobulin G types, and characterized by their interaction with the enzyme in relation to (i) inhibition of activity of free enzyme, (ii) inhibition of activity of adsorbed enzyme, (iii) interaction with the cell-bound enzyme, and (iv) inhibition of adherence to hexadecane droplets. Four of the MAbs exhibiting the highest binding constants (Kapp greater than 10(8) M-1) were selected for further study of the lipase. Their binding to the enzyme was assayed by means of adapted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Use of these MAbs in single or dual binding procedures made it possible to reveal several distinct sites on the lipase macromolecule. Two of these are functional sites, one for hydrophobic adhesion (binds MAb 5) and the other (binds MAb 1) for implementation of its hydrolytic activity. A third binding site (binds MAb 8) does not participate directly in either of the above functions. A fourth binding site (binds MAb 10) appears to be involved in the active expression of the enzyme. The cell-associated form of the lipase seems to be located on the external surface of the cells with its active site exposed. It appears to be anchored to the outer membrane of the cells by means of its hydrophobic region in a way that resembles its adherence to hydrophobic surfaces such as hexadecane droplets.
Global quantitative phosphoprotein analysis using Multiplexed Proteomics technology

Systematic parallel analysis of the phosphorylation status of networks of interacting proteins involved in the regulatory circuitry of cells and tissues is certain to drive research in the post‐genomics era for many years to come. Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a critical regulatory role in a multitude of cellular processes, including alterations in signal transduction pathways related to oncogene and tumor suppressor gene products in cancer. While fluorescence detection methods are likely to offer the best solution to global protein quantitation in proteomics, to date, there has been no satisfactory method for the specific and reversible fluorescent detection of gel‐separated phosphoproteins from complex samples. The newly developed Pro‐Q Diamond phosphoprotein dye technology is suitable for the fluorescent detection of phosphoserine‐, phosphothreonine‐, and phosphotyrosine‐containing proteins directly in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐polyacrylamide gels and two‐dimensional (2‐D) gels. Additionally, the technology is appropriate for the determination of protein kinase and phosphatase substrate preference. Other macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and sulfated glycans, fail to be detected with Pro‐Q Diamond dye. The staining procedure is rapid, simple to perform, readily reversible and fully compatible with modern microchemical analysis procedures, such as matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry. Pro‐Q Diamond dye technology can detect as little as 1–2 ng of β‐casein, a pentaphosphorylated protein, and 8 ng of pepsin, a monophosphorylated protein. Fluorescence signal intensity correlates with the number of phosphorylated residues on the protein. Through combination of Pro‐Q Diamond phosphoprotein stain with SYPRO® Ruby protein gel stain, Multiplexed Proteomics technology permits quantitative, dichromatic fluorescence detection of proteins in 2‐D gels. This evolving discovery platform allows the parallel determination of protein expression level changes and altered post‐translational modification patterns within a single 2‐D gel experiment. The linear responses of the fluorescence dyes utilized, allow rigorous quantitation of changes over an unprecedented 500–1000‐fold concentration range.
Roles of the auditory cortex in discrimination learning by rats

We investigated the roles of the auditory cortex in sound discrimination learning in Wistar rats. Absolute pitch or relative pitch can be used as discrimination cues in sound frequency discrimination. To clarify this, rats were trained to discriminate between rewarded (S+) and unrewarded (S–) test stimuli (S+ frequency > S– frequency). After learning was acquired by rats, performance was tested in a new test in which S+ frequency was constant but S+ frequency < S– frequency, or S+ frequency > S– frequency but both frequencies were increased. If the discrimination cue of the first test was preserved in the new test, performance following change of testing procedures was expected to remain high. The measured performance suggested that rats used relative pitch in half octave discrimination (difference between S+ and S– frequencies, 0.5 octave), and absolute pitch in octave discrimination (difference between S+ and S– frequencies, 1.0 octave). Bilateral lesions in the auditory cortex had almost no effect on performance before procedure change. Furthermore, performance following procedure change was not affected by lesions in the auditory cortex when the discrimination cue was preserved. However, performance was impaired by lesions in the auditory cortex when a new discrimination cue was used following procedure change. Lesions in the auditory cortex also impaired multimodal discrimination between sound and sound plus light. The present findings suggest that the auditory cortex plays a role as a sensory interface of the higher cortices required for flexible learning and multimodal discrimination.
An Overview of Typical Infections of Research Mice: Health Monitoring and Prevention of Infection

There are many reasons to keep research mice healthy and free from infections. The two most important of these are to protect the health and welfare of research mice and to prevent infections from negatively impacting research. Just as the genetic integrity of a mouse strain will influence the reproducibility and validity of research data, so too will the microbiologic integrity of the animals. This has been repeatedly demonstrated in the literature of laboratory animal sciences wherein the direct impact of infections on physiologic parameters under study have been described. Therefore, it is of great importance that scientists pay close attention to the health status of their research animal colonies and maintain good communications with the animal facility personnel at their institution about mouse health issues. This overview provides information about animal health monitoring (HM) in research mouse colonies including commonly monitored agents, diagnostic methods, HM program, risk assessment, and animal facility biosecurity. Lastly, matters of communication with laboratory animal professionals at research institutions are also addressed. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Spontaneous and aging-dependent development of arthritis in NADPH oxidase 2 deficiency through altered differentiation of CD11b+ and Th/Treg cells

Emerging evidence indicates that NADPH oxidase (NOX) and its reactive oxygen species (ROS) products modulate a variety of cellular events, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the functions of NOX2 and ROS in immune modulation using NOX2 knockout (KO) mice. Interestingly, NOX2 KO mice spontaneously developed arthritis with onset at 6–7 wk of age and high incidence (60%) at 15–18 wk of age. Arthritis severity in NOX2 KO mice was proportionally increased with age and higher in females than in males. Bone destruction was confirmed by microcomputed tomography scanning and histological analyses of joints. Inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and RANKL, and serum level of anti–type II collagen IgG were significantly increased in NOX2 KO mice. In addition, NOX2 deficiency perturbed the immune system upon aging. NOX2 KO mice demonstrated preferred development of CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid cells with profound production of proinflammatory cytokines and augmented expression of IL-17 through the activation of STAT3 and RORγt in vivo. NOX2 deficiency increased differentiation of effector Th cells in vitro and decreased CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of NOX2-deficient CD4+ T cells into RAG KO mice increased arthritic inflammation compared with WT cells. These results demonstrated that NOX2 deficiency affected the development of CD11b+ myeloid cells and Th17/Treg cells, and thus promoted inflammatory cytokine production and inflammatory arthritis development, strongly supporting a crucial role for ROS generation in the modulation of Th17/Treg cell development and its related inflammatory immune response upon aging.
On the Use of Path Analysis and Related Procedures for the Investigation of Ecological Problems

C) and, based on that assumption, partitioned relationships among different pathways. In this original form, path analysis was not a simultaneous method (in the Smith et al. (1997) recently drew attention to some pit- sense that all parameters were estimated simultaneously) falls that can arise when trying to predict the responses nor did it include overall tests of model fit to data. In the of experimental manipulations from nonexperimental early 1970s, more general procedures were developed for
Psycho-stimulation for elderly people using puzzle game

Puzzles are being used more and more often as a tool for psychomotor activity therapies due to the fact that they boast a series of advantages, such as spatial orientation, visual-motor coordination and visual perception. This project presents the development of a therapeutic tool based on the game of Tangram using augmented reality techniques. The therapy continues to employ the traditional physical pieces, but the patient is able to enjoy a much more entertaining experience when doing the exercises. At the same time, the augmented reality means that obtaining important information can be automated so that the therapist may recreate and assess the patient's exercises. This therapy tool has been therapeutically specified and successfully trialled by a team of psychologists from a company called “Zuentzat Servicios Psicogerontológicos”, who used their patients a test group.
Retrospective data collection using event history calendars.

BACKGROUND Event history calendars are used to collect retrospective data about events and life transitions over short and long periods of time. Event history calendars are highly structured, but flexible, approaches to interviewing respondents about past events that use their own past experiences as cues to remembering. Event history calendars incorporate autobiographical memory retrieval mechanisms to assist respondents in reconstructing past events and experiences accurately and completely. APPROACH A sample event history calendar and experiences from an ongoing study of adolescent risk behavior are described to illustrate event history calendar methodology application in nursing research. Event history calendar design, recording, interviewing, and interviewer training descriptions are included. DISCUSSION Event history calendars have been used extensively for retrospective data collection of occurrence, timing, and sequencing of a variety of life events in population studies, psychology, and sociology research, but not in nursing research. Because event history calendars improve recollection of complex sequences of personal events, they would be ideal for retrospective data collection in quantitative and qualitative nursing studies. Nursing expertise in history-taking make this a natural method of choice for retrospective data collection and as a means of stimulating communication during interviewing.
Nucleotide sequence of the region encompassing the JC virus origin of DNA replication

The region of the JC virus (JCV) genome from 0.58 to 0.73 map units was sequenced by the Maxam-Gilbert technique. This segment of DNA specifies several regulatory elements and the amino-terminal portion of the early viral proteins. Comparisons with the analogous regions in the polyomaviruses simian virus 40 (SV40) and BK virus (BKV) confirm the close evolutionary relationship of these three viruses. Similarities include palindromic and symmetrical sequences near their origins of DNA replication, binding sites for their large T proteins, an AT-rich region (the Goldberg-Hogness, or TATA, box), and a large tandem duplication or triplication to the late side of their replication origins (however, these sequences differ). Homology between the sequences coding for the early proteins is also evident (79 and 93 of the first 110 amino acids are shared with SV40 and BKV, respectively). Of greater interest are features of the JCV genome which differ from those of other polyomaviruses. Absent in JCV and BKV are sequences which resemble the third T-antigen binding site of SV40. In addition, a set of sequences present in JCV and BKV DNAs (33 nucleotides in JCV and 22 nucleotides in BKV) and located near a 17-base-pair palindrome shared by all three viruses is missing in SV40 DNA. Another sequence, GGGXGGAG, which is repeated several times in many polyomaviruses and adenoviruses and which is thought to play a role in DNA replication or transcription or both, is not found near the JCV origin of replication. Finally, the tandem repeat of JCV, unlike those of BKV and SV40, includes the Goldberg-Hogness sequence.
Association of β‐glucosidase with intact cells of Thermoactinomyces

The location of the β‐glucosidase activity in a whole culture broth of the thermophilic organism Thermoactinomyces has been studied. Little β‐glucosidase activity was found in the culture filtrate, while the culture solids contained the major part of the activity of the whole culture broth. The activity does not appear to be adsorbed to the culture solids; rather there is evidence that it is an intracellular soluble enzyme(s). The pH and temperature optima for a crude β‐glucosidase preparation were determined to be pH 6.5 and 50–55°C. Enzyme activity studies indicate that the same enzyme(s) accounts for the β‐glucosidase and the cellobiase activities. The validity of using the filter paper activity of culture filtrates from Thermoactinomyces to predict the total saccharification of cellulosic materials to glucose is discussed.
Impairment-aware radio-over-fiber control plane for LTE antenna backhauling

Provisioning ubiquitous broadband wireless services necessitates the duplication of the radio equipment or/and the reduction of the size of the radio cells. However, both approaches are not economically viable for the operators. The concept of distributed antennas is proposed as an alternative solution offering low-cost broadband access. In this matter, we propose an innovative Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture called GeRoFAN for Generic Radio-over-Fiber Access Network. The GeRoFAN architecture is based on a transparent optical loop connecting low-cost 4G radio-system antennas using analog Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) technology. However, by transporting Radio Frequencies (RFs) over an Optical Channel (OC), the composite signal suffers from various physical layer impairments that may degrade the system capacity. Supported by a mathematical model reflecting the relevant optical layer limitations, we propose in this paper an innovative control plane that targets to optimize the global radio cellular capacity of GeRoFAN by efficiently mapping RFs onto OCs. This problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Program (ILP) with the objective to minimize the number of OCs subject to 4G cellular planning rules.
Role of Messenger RNA Expression of Platelet Activating Factor and Its Receptor in Porcine In Vitro-Fertilized and Cloned Embryo Development1

Abstract Platelet activating factor (PAF) is known as an autocrine growth/survival factor in mammalian preimplantation embryos. This study investigated the expression of porcine PAF receptor (PAFr) mRNA and its role in porcine in vitro fertilized (IVF) or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development. The expression of PAFr mRNA in IVF or SCNT blastocysts was shown by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot analysis. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and Southern blot analysis demonstrated that PAFr mRNA was expressed during preimplantation embryo development, it was highly expressed through the 2-cell to 8-cell embryo stage, and it decreased at the morula stage. PAFr mRNA expression was detected steadily in IVF embryos, whereas it was varied at the 2-cell, 4-cell, and blastocyst stages in SCNT embryos. To determine the role of PAF in IVF and SCNT embryo development, embryos were cultured in North Carolina State University (NCSU)-23 medium supplemented with different concentrations of PAF (0, 0.037, 0.37, 3.72, or 37.2 nM). The PAF supplement significantly increased the rate of blastocyst formation in SCNT embryos, but not in IVF embryos. The PAF supplement for the entire 168 h of culture showed significantly higher blastocyst formation in SCNT embryos. Upregulation of PAFr mRNA by PAF in SCNT embryos indicated that the embryotrophic effect of PAF was mediated through its functional receptors in SCNT embryos. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that PAFr mRNA was expressed in porcine IVF and SCNT embryos, and that PAF supplement improved the developmental competence of SCNT embryos through its specific receptors.
Multi-Agent Q-Learning Aided Backpressure Routing Algorithm for Delay Reduction

In queueing networks, it is well known that the throughput-optimal backpressure routing algorithm results in poor delay performance for light and moderate traffic loads. To improve delay performance, state-of-the-art backpressure routing algorithm (called BPmin [1]) exploits queue length information to direct packets to less congested routes to their destinations. However, BPmin algorithm estimates route congestion based on unrealistic assumption that every node in the network knows real-time global queue length information of all other nodes. In this paper, we propose multi-agent Q-learning aided backpressure routing algorithm, where each node estimates route congestion using only local information of neighboring nodes. Our algorithm not only outperforms state-of-the-art BPmin algorithm in delay performance but also retains the following appealing features: distributed implementation, low computation complexity and throughput-optimality. Simulation results show our algorithm reduces average packet delay by 95% for light traffic loads and by 41% for moderate traffic loads when compared to state-of-the-art BPmin algorithm.
The National Institutes of Health Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing Trial: pathology studies. IV. The Destructive index.

A Destructive Index (DI) was recently devised by Saetta and coworkers (7), and their data suggest that the DI may be a better assessment of emphysema than the traditional indexes. We have applied the DI as well as conventional assessments of emphysema-panel grading (emphysema score), mean linear intercept (Lm), and internal surface area at a volume of 5 L (ISA5) - to the lungs of patients in the National Institutes of Health Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing Trial, which admitted patients with moderate to severe chronic airflow obstruction. In the 41 patients with satisfactory morphologic material who died and were autopsied, the DI was significantly correlated with emphysema score (p less than 0.001), Lm (p less than 0.001), and ISA5 (p less than 0.001). There was a rapid increase in the DI between emphysema scores of 30 and 60; when the DI reached a score of about 90, it did not increase much further. A wide spread of the DI from 23.7 to 86.5 was present in lungs with a Lm of less than 0.55 mm. The DI was well related to the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (p less than 0.001) and %TLC (p less than 0.01), but not to %FEV1, slope of phase III (phase III), nor recoil pressure at 90% of TLC (P90). The correlations between emphysema score and either DLCO or %TLC were about the same as for the DI. Also, correlations were significant for %FEV1, phase III, and P90. Lesions of bronchioles had no correlation with the DI. We therefore conclude that the DI is related to conventional assessments of emphysema, but beyond an emphysema score of 55 or a Lm of 0.55 mm, it does not discriminate emphysema severity. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)