Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An audit of the accuracy of medication information in electronic medical discharge summaries linked to an electronic prescribing system

Background: Poor communication of medication information to general practitioners when patients are discharged from hospital is a widely recognised problem. There has been little research exploring the accuracy of medication information in electronic discharge summaries (EDS) linked to hospital e-prescribing systems. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of medication lists and medication change information in EDS produced using an integrated e-prescribing and EDS system (where EDS discharge medication lists were imported from discharge e-prescription records, medication change information was manually entered, and medications were dispensed from paper copies of the patients' e-prescriptions). Method: Retrospective audit of EDSs for a random sample, representative of adult patients (n = 87) discharged from a major teaching hospital. EDS medication lists were compared to pharmacist-verified paper discharge prescriptions (considered to be the most accurate discharge medication list) to identify discrepancies. EDS medication change information was compared to medication changes identified by comparing pharmacist-verified “Medication History on Admission” forms with pharmacist-verified paper discharge prescriptions. Results: There were 85/87 (98%) EDSs that included a discharge medication list. Of these, 50/85 (59%) contained one or more medication list discrepancies (median 1, range 0–15). The most common discrepancy was omission of medication (58%); 84/131 (64%) discrepancies were considered clinically significant (risk of adverse outcome); 162/351 (46%) clinically significant medication changes were stated in the EDS; and 153/351 (44%) changes were both stated and included a reason. Conclusion: EDS discrepancies were common despite integration with e-prescribing. Eliminating paper prescriptions, enhancing e-prescribing/EDS functionality and involving pharmacists in EDS preparation may reduce discrepancies.
Comparison Between Perceptions of Farm Hazards and Injury Records in Iowa

The ways that Iowa farm operators and extension educators perceive potential hazards in agricultural operations significantly affects the potential for behavioral change. Data gathered through separate surveys of farm operators and extension educators in Iowa were compared with agricultural injury and fatality data collected by the Iowa Department of Public Health's SPRAINS project. Statewide results indicated that educators' and operators' perceptions about farm dangers did not correspond to each other and their perceptions did not correspond to the injury records. Results indicated that although many educators and operators in some regions of the state have similar perceptions about farm dangers, their perceptions do not agree with actual injury records. The analysis provides insight into the management of future efforts to promote safety education and to bring about behavioral changes that can reduce risks. Language: en
Insomnia, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms, and Danger: Their Impact on Victims’ Return to Court for Orders of Protection

The linkages between intimate partner violence (IPV), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and insomnia have been the subject of inquiry. This study is the first to explore the associations between clinical-level insomnia, PTSD symptoms, danger, and victim socio-demographics, and whether IPV victims pursue permanent orders of protection (OPs). Data for this secondary analysis were collected through surveys, interviews, and reviews of court records on 112 women who resided in upstate New York. Women initiated actions to obtain OPs from the Domestic Violence Intensive Intervention Court (DVIIC), from 2007 to 2008. The following factors were analyzed to determine their impact on whether a woman returned to court: (a) age, (b) race, (c) employment status, (d) perceived danger, (e) PTSD symptoms, and (f) clinical-level insomnia. This study finds that the following factors significantly relate to return to court: race, clinical-level insomnia and perceived danger, clinical-level insomnia and PTSD symptoms, and severe danger level. However, in the final multivariate logistic regression, only race emerged as a predictor of whether a woman returned to court. Specifically, women of color were a third less likely to return to court than White women. These results have significant implications for future research and clinical intervention.
The role of nickel addition and annealing temperature on ion storage performance of nanostructured nickel ferrite thin films

Abstract The sol–gel spin-coated nickel ferrite (NF), NiFe2O4, thin films were synthesised and the effect of annealing temperature and compositional ratio on different properties of samples were investigated. Electrochemical performance of the films was measured in the presence of KOH and LiClO4/PC electrolyte. Generally, addition of nickel increases the current density. The NF thin films with molar ratio of 0.5 and annealed at 400 °C have the highest charge density value and the highest capacitance in both electrolytes. Annealing temperature had significant effect on electrochemical properties of NF thin films and the diffusion coefficient enhanced by increasing the annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction patterns of prepared samples showed the rhombohedral structure, hematite phase (α-Fe2O3), of iron oxide sample and the presence of inverse spinel structure confirms the formation of NF. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the morphology of films changes from larvae shape to granular structure by nickel incorporation and the grain size increased by raising the annealing temperature. The absorption edge of the hematite shift to higher wavelength by annealing and nickel incorporation and band gap narrowing has been occurred.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus (Aves, Falconiformes, Falconidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus), the largest of the true falcons, was characterized using next generation sequencing. The mitogenome was 18 218 bp long, and comprised of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA, 2 rRNA and two non-coding regions; a control region (D-loop) harboring two tandem repeats 80 bp and 56 bp long and a pseudo-control region (ΨD-loop) with a tandem repeat 27 bp long. All genes were encoded on the + strand except ND6 and 8 tRNA genes.
Cooling Effects on the Funcitonality and Microstructure of Processed Cheese

ZHONG, QIXIN. Cooling Effects on the Functionality and Microstructure of Processed Cheese (under the direction of Christopher R. Daubert and Orlin D. Velev) Cooling is the final stage of process cheese manufacturing, and a slower cooling process generates a stronger structure requiring a larger force to shear cheese loaves while yielding a poor melt quality. To interpret cooling mechanisms, a model rennet casein system was formulated to include emulsifying salts and rennet casein powder, as used in processed cheese analogs. At pH 5.8 and 6.5, protein networks were discontinuous, and no cooling trends on rheological data were observed when cooled from 80 to 5 °C at 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 °C/min. At pH 7.2 and 12, networks were formed, and slower cooling delivered a firmer gel. The rennet casein network was described as cross-linked flocs, and the aggregation of two particles into a doublet was the first stage of floc formation. At lower pHs, the overall force between protein particles was more attractive, the doublet formation time was short, and therefore the number of doublets formed was not affected by cooling rates. Accordingly, floc numbers and rheology did not show a trend with cooling effects at the lower pHs. At pH 7.2 and above, the doublet formation time was comparable to the time for temperature changes during cooling because of stronger repulsive forces. As a result, doublet formation was influenced by cooling rate, generating more doublets and more sites for floc growth at slower rates. A larger number of smaller flocs were created, delivering a stronger gel at slower cooling rates. More flocs at higher protein concentrations and slower cooling rates simplified the network formation. Finally, cooling effects on processed cheese resulted from more uniform structures at slower cooling rates. A more uniform protein network formed prior to fat crystallization and confined the volume for fat crystallization, creating a more uniform cheese matrix and a firmer product. Cheese manufacturers can benefit from this research by adopting an appropriate cooling schedule to deliver specific functional properties. COOLING EFFECTS ON THE FUNCTIONALITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF PROCESSED CHEESE
Short‐term atrazine exposure at breeding has no impact on Blanchard's cricket frog (Acris blanchardi) reproductive success

Studies of endocrine‐disrupting contaminants have focused on early‐life exposures, but later exposures could impact fitness. We exposed adult frogs (Acris blanchardi) at reproduction to ecologically relevant atrazine concentrations (0, 1, or 10 µg/L) in outdoor arenas. We measured likelihood of breeding and number of resulting tadpoles. Atrazine impacted neither the probability of breeding nor the number of tadpoles produced, suggesting anuran reproductive success may not be impacted by short‐term exposure to low concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3284–3288. © 2017 SETAC
Extending Augmented Sandboxes with Virtual Reality Interaction

Augmented sandboxes are often used as educative tools to create, explore and understand complex models. For the use case of a water cycle simulation, we extend the interaction space of augmented sandboxes into virtual reality to overcome limitations of current systems that include non-interactive 2D projections and shadow problems. We present our ongoing research and the prototypical setup of our VR sandbox consisting of a triple Kinect setup, depth sensing, VR, and hand tracking using Leap Motion. The setup shall help us to explore the space of haptic redirection. Further, we discuss our water cycle simulation use case and interaction scenarios that facilitate VR interaction and visualization.
Crowdsourcing Software Development: Task Assignment Using PDDL Artificial Intelligence Planning

The crowdsourcing software development (CSD) is growing rapidly in the open call format in a competitive environment. In CSD, tasks are posted on a web-based CSD platform for CSD workers to compete for the task and win rewards. Task searching and assigning are very important aspects of the CSD environment because tasks posted on different platforms are in hundreds. To search and evaluate a thousand submissions on the platform are very difficult and time-consuming process for both the developer and platform. However, there are many other problems that are affecting CSD quality and reliability of CSD workers to assign the task which include the required knowledge, large participation, time complexity and incentive motivations. In order to attract the right person for the right task, the execution of action plans will help the CSD platform as well the CSD worker for the best matching with their tasks. This study formalized the task assignment method by utilizing different situations in a CSD competition-based environment in artificial intelligence (AI) planning. The results from this study suggested that assigning the task has many challenges whenever there are undefined conditions, especially in a competitive environment. Our main focus is to evaluate the AI automated planning to provide the best possible solution to matching the CSD worker with their personality type.
Human orbital fibroblasts are activated through CD40 to induce proinflammatory cytokine production.

CD40 is an important signaling and activation antigen found on certain bone marrow-derived cells. Recently, CD40 has also been shown to be expressed by nonhematopoietic cells, including certain human fibroblasts, but not others. Little is known about the function of CD40 on fibroblasts. The current study investigates the hypothesis that CD40 is expressed on orbital fibroblasts and represents a pathway for interaction between these fibroblasts and CD40 ligand-expressing cells, such as T lymphocytes and mast cells. We report here that orbital connective tissue fibroblasts, obtained from normal donors and from patients with severe thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), express functional CD40. CD40 is upregulated ∼10-fold by interferon-γ (500 U/ml) treatment for 72 h. These fibroblasts become activated through triggering of CD40 with CD40 ligand (CD40L). This is evidenced by nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB and induction of the proinflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, respectively. These data support the concept that cognate interactions between orbital fibroblasts and infiltrating T lymphocytes, via the CD40-CD40L pathway, may promote the tissue remodeling observed in TAO and other inflammatory diseases of the orbit. Disruption of the CD40-CD40L interaction may represent a therapeutic intervention to reduce the inflammatory components of TAO, which remains a vexing clinical problem.
An Elderly Care System Based on Multiple Information Fusion

With the development of social economy in the 21st century, and the rising of medical level, the aging of population have become a global trend. However lots of elderly people are in “empty nest” state. In order to solve the problem of high risk of daily life in this group, this paper proposed a method to integrate the information of video images, sound, infrared, pulse, and other information into the elderly care system. The whole system consists of four major components, that is, the main control board, the information acquisition boards, the server, and the client. The control board receives, processes and analyzes the data collected by the information acquisition boards, and uploads necessary information to the server, which are to be saved to the database. When something unexpected occurs to the elderly, the system will notify the relatives through the GPRS (general packet radio service) module. The system also provides an interface for the relatives to inquire the living status of the elderly through an app. The system can monitor the living status for the elderly with the characteristics of quick response, high accuracy, and low cost and can be widely applied to the elderly care at home.
ANG II and vasopressin stimulate calcium entry in dispersed smooth muscle cells of preglomerular arterioles.

Calcium signaling mechanisms were examined in vessel segments and dispersed single smooth muscle cells (SMC) of interlobular arteries and afferent arterioles (<50 μm diameter) from the rat kidney. These resistance vessels were isolated from rat kidneys, using an iron oxide-sieving technique with subsequent collagenase digestion. Individual cells were identified by their characteristic oval appearance and positive staining for smooth muscle-specific α-actin and heavy chain myosin SM-1 and SM-2. Cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured using fura 2 ratiometric fluorescence at 340 and 380 nm wavelength with a microscope-based photometer. Angiotensin II (ANG II) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), at concentrations of 10-10-10-6M, produced dose-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i; maximum increases were 221 ± 49 nM for ANG II and 237 ± 49 nM for AVP. The temporal response patterns for both agonists were characterized by a square-shaped, immediate step increase in [Ca2+]ito a near maximum level that was maintained through the recording period of 150-200 s. Responses of individual dispersed SMC and short vessel segments were similar. Losartan antagonized the action of ANG II, indicating mediation by AT1 receptors on preglomerular arteriolar SMC. The V1-selective antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)2Tyr(NH2)9]AVP completely inhibited AVP-induced [Ca2+]ichanges. The importance of calcium entry in hormone-induced changes in [Ca2+]iwas demonstrated by the finding that neither ANG II nor AVP elicited a [Ca2+]iresponse in media rendered nominally calcium free by addition of ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)- N, N, N', N'-tetraacetic acid. Calcium entry occurred primarily through L-type, voltage-gated calcium channels as the dihydropyridine, nifedipine, completely prevented or reversed [Ca2+]ichanges normally elicited by either hormone. Our results provide new information about the similarity of calcium signaling in single SMC and short segments freshly isolated from renal interlobular arteries and afferent arterioles. The observations indicate that AT1 and V1 receptors are coupled to signal transduction pathways leading to rapid changes in [Ca2+]i. Calcium mobilization appears to play a minor to nonexistent role under the experimental conditions. The predominant mechanism involves calcium entry through dihydropyridine-sensitive, voltage-gated calcium channels in single SMC from these resistance vessels.
Comparison between two systems for ammonia emission monitoring in broiler houses

This work aimed to compare two systems used for ammonia emission monitoring in broiler houses. The low cost PMU (Portable Monitoring Unit), and MAEMU (Mobile Air Emission Monitoring Unit) are systems used for ammonia concentration monitoring and, with broiler house ventilation rate, ammonia emission rate (ER) can be calculated. The accuracy of ammonia emission rate calculated with data from the PMU using a simplified calculation algorithm was quantified using the MAEMU as a standard.
Suppression of scattering for small dielectric particles: anapole mode and invisibility

We reveal that an isotropic, homogeneous, subwavelength particle with high refractive index can produce ultra-small total scattering. This effect, which follows from the inhibition of the electric dipole radiation, can be identified as a Fano resonance in the scattering efficiency and is associated with the excitation of an anapole mode in the particle. This anapole mode is non-radiative and emerges from the destructive interference of electric and toroidal dipoles. The invisibility effect could be useful for the design of highly transparent optical materials. This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.
Studying the Role and Impact of Mentoring on

Despite the wide-spread belief that mentoring plays a critical role in the retention and success of researchers across the career spectrum, the actual evidence to support the claim is weak. This article addresses the primary issues impeding progress towards a common understanding of mentoring, its impact on undergraduate research experiences (UREs), and what needs to be done to advance research and target interventions which will ultimately improve the undergraduate research experience and the subsequent outcomes. A framework for these issues and recommended next steps are presented.
Unraveling the Metabolic Routes of Retapamulin: Insights into Drug Development of Pleuromutilins

ABSTRACT Retapamulin, a semisynthetic pleuromutilin derivative, is exclusively used for the topical short-term medication of impetigo and staphylococcal infections. In the present study, we report that retapamulin is adequately and rapidly metabolized in vitro via various metabolic pathways, such as hydroxylation, including mono-, di-, and trihydroxylation, and demethylation. Like tiamulin and valnemulin, the major metabolic routes of retapamulin were hydroxylation at the 2β and 8α positions of the mutilin moiety. Moreover, in vivo metabolism concurred with the results of the in vitro assays. Additionally, we observed significant interspecies differences in the metabolism of retapamulin. Until now, modifying the side chain was the mainstream method for new drug discovery of the pleuromutilins. This approach, however, could not resolve the low bioavailability and short efficacy of the drugs. Considering the rapid metabolism of the pleuromutilins mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, we propose that blocking the active metabolic site (C-2 and C-8 motif) or administering the drug in combination with cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitors is a promising pathway in the development of novel pleuromutilin drugs with slow metabolism and long efficacy.
Optimal DASH-Multicasting Over LTE

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is a fast growing video streaming platform, which enables adaptive rate selection based on channel conditions. File Delivery over Unidirectional Transport (FLUTE) further enables multicasting of the DASH segments over LTE eMBMS systems. In this paper, an optimal DASH-multicasting solution is proposed to allow more DASH clients in an LTE network to receive better videos by optimizing the resource allocation, application-layer forward error correction (FEC) code rate and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) selection of each multicasting group, which corresponds to a FLUTE session. Multiple FLUTE sessions are considered to deliver multiple videos, each with different video rates, for enhancing the overall utility. We have applied the convex optimization method to find the optimal resource allocation in terms of utility for multiple FLUTE sessions. We also find the optimal FEC code rates to add redundancies to protect the video segments for each FLUTE session. Moreover, an efficient MCS selection is introduced to reduce the complexity of the algorithm. Simulation results, with realistic LTE parameters, are shown to prove the proposed scheme is optimal, with more DASH clients receiving better video representations within limited resources when compared to other existing algorithms.
Rationale for Dietary Antioxidant Treatment of ADHD

Increasing understanding arises regarding disadvantages of stimulant medication in children with ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). This review presents scientific findings supporting dietary antioxidant treatment of ADHD and describes substantial alterations in the immune system, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, and oxidative stress regulation in ADHD. As a result, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress could develop, which can lead to ADHD symptoms, for example by chronic T-cell-mediated neuroinflammation, as well as by neuronal oxidative damage and loss of normal cerebral functions. Therefore, modulation of immune system activity and oxidant-antioxidant balance using nutritional approaches might have potential in ADHD treatment. The use of natural antioxidants against oxidative conditions is an emerging field in the management of neurodegenerative diseases. Dietary polyphenols, for example, have antioxidant capacities as well as immunoregulatory effects and, therefore, appear appropriate in ADHD therapy. This review can stimulate the development and investigation of dietary antioxidant treatment in ADHD, which is highly desired.
The composition and organization of Drosophila heterochromatin are heterogeneous and dynamic

Heterochromatin is enriched for specific epigenetic factors including Heterochromatin Protein 1a (HP1a), and is essential for many organismal functions. To elucidate heterochromatin organization and regulation, we purified Drosophila melanogaster HP1a interactors, and performed a genome-wide RNAi screen to identify genes that impact HP1a levels or localization. The majority of the over four hundred putative HP1a interactors and regulators identified were previously unknown. We found that 13 of 16 tested candidates (83%) are required for gene silencing, providing a substantial increase in the number of identified components that impact heterochromatin properties. Surprisingly, image analysis revealed that although some HP1a interactors and regulators are broadly distributed within the heterochromatin domain, most localize to discrete subdomains that display dynamic localization patterns during the cell cycle. We conclude that heterochromatin composition and architecture is more spatially complex and dynamic than previously suggested, and propose that a network of subdomains regulates diverse heterochromatin functions. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.16096. 001