Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtual Flux Sensorless Control for Shunt Active Power Filters With Quasi-Resonant Compensators

This paper presents a sensorless control strategy for pulsewidth modulated active filters. The complete solution uses only two current sensors, which are located in the grid interface. The compensation is performed by the imposition of sinusoidal current references in the grid, and does not require algorithms for disturbance estimation. The virtual flux concept for grid synchronization and multiple quasi-resonant compensators in the current scheme are employed for selective harmonic mitigation. A discretization analysis is presented in order to obtain a precise digital realization of the current controllers. It is proposed as a regulator for the direct-current bus voltage in the active filter, which employs only information of the modulated voltage and is compatible with the previous sensorless synchronization solution. Experimental results from a 1-kVA prototype converter are presented, covering the solution with and without the voltage sensor in the direct current bus. Analyses of stationary and transient responses are performed by using a six-pulse diode rectifier as nonlinear load.
Unitary precoding for integer-forcing MIMO linear receivers

A flat fading point-to-point multiple-antenna channel is considered where the channel state information is known at both transmitter and receiver. At the transmitter side, we use a lattice encoder to map information symbols to lattice codewords. The lattice coded layers are then precoded using unitary matrices satisfying non-vanishing minimum product distance. At the receiver side, an integer-forcing linear receiver is employed. This scheme is called `unitary precoded integer-forcing'. We show that by applying the proposed precoding technique full-diversity can be achieved. We then verify this result by conducting computer simulations in a 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel using full-diversity algebraic rotation precoder matrices.
Prolonged reduction of high blood pressure with an in vivo, nonpathogenic, adeno-associated viral vector delivery of AT1-R mRNA antisense.

To produce a prolonged decrease in blood pressure, we have developed a nonpathogenic adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) with the antisense DNA for AT1-R. AAV has many advantages over other viral vectors. AAV does not stimulate inflammation or immune reaction. AAV enters nondividing cells and does not replicate. Therefore, it is an appropriate choice for gene therapy. Recombinant AAV was prepared with a cassette containing a cytomegalovirus promoter and the cDNA for the AT1 receptor inserted in the antisense direction. The cassette was packaged in the virion. Stable transfection of NG108-15 cells with the PAAV-AS (plasmid AAV) antisense to AT1-R produced a significant reduction in AT1 receptors. A single injection of the rAAV-AS (viral vector) was made in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats, either directly in the hypothalamus (1 microL) or in the lateral ventricles (5 microL). The result shows that there is a significant decrease of blood pressure (approximately 23 +/- 2 mm Hg) for up to 9 weeks after injection. Control injections of mock vector produced no change in blood pressure during the same time period in age-matched controls. In young spontaneously hypertensive rats (3 weeks), a single intracardiac injection of recombinant rAAV-AS reduced blood pressure and slowed the development of hypertension compared with controls (P < .01). The results suggest that a prolonged reduction in high blood pressure can be achieved with AAV vectors delivering antisense to inhibit AT1 receptors with a single administration.
Sensitivity of a coupled atmosphere/mixed layer ocean model to changes in orbital forcing at 9000 years B.P.

Experiments were made with an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a 50-m mixed layer ocean in order to study the sensitivity of the climate to the changed seasonal and latitudinal distribution of solar radiation for 9000 years ago. At 9000 years B.P. (before present), when perihelion was in July (compared to January at present) and the axial tilt was greater than at present, the July (January) solar radiation in the northern hemisphere was increased (decreased) by about 7% compared to that at present. The coupled atmosphere/ocean model simulated warmer continents in summer and intensified northern summer monsoons at 9000 years B.P., compared to the present, that were similar to previous results with an atmospheric model. Owing to small positive feedbacks, the coupled atmosphere/ocean model produced a slightly greater intensification of the 9000-year B.P. monsoon than the atmospheric model. The ocean temperature changes were less than 1 K and lagged the solar radiation changes; the 9000-year B.P. ocean was warmer in September and colder in March than the control simulation. The annual-average ocean temperature was slightly lower in the tropics because the annual-average incoming solar radiation was lower at 9000 years B.P. In middle latitudes the annual-average ocean temperature was decreased because of feedbacks associated with seasonality. In high northern latitudes, sea ice thickness was reduced at 9000 years B.P. in response to increased summer and annual-average solar radiation. The reduced high-latitude sea ice caused somewhat warmer wintertime conditions over the northwestern portions of northern continents.
SwePep, a Database Designed for Endogenous Peptides and Mass Spectrometry*

A new database, SwePep, specifically designed for endogenous peptides, has been constructed to significantly speed up the identification process from complex tissue samples utilizing mass spectrometry. In the identification process the experimental peptide masses are compared with the peptide masses stored in the database both with and without possible post-translational modifications. This intermediate identification step is fast and singles out peptides that are potential endogenous peptides and can later be confirmed with tandem mass spectrometry data. Successful applications of this methodology are presented. The SwePep database is a relational database developed using MySql and Java. The database contains 4180 annotated endogenous peptides from different tissues originating from 394 different species as well as 50 novel peptides from brain tissue identified in our laboratory. Information about the peptides, including mass, isoelectric point, sequence, and precursor protein, is also stored in the database. This new approach holds great potential for removing the bottleneck that occurs during the identification process in the field of peptidomics. The SwePep database is available to the public.
Comparison of Bayesian , maximum likelihood and parsimony methods for detecting positive selection ( Research Article )

From a variety of vantage points, ranging from epidemiological to statistical, the problem of identifying the effects of natural selection at the molecular level is a fascinating one. Recent years have seen an explosion of model based methods for inferring such effects, with particular emphasis on detection of positive selection; some of the most popular of which are the maximum likelihood based method of Yang implemented in PAML, the parsimony based method of Suzuki and Gojorobi implemented in ADAPTSITE, and the hierarchical Bayesian method of Huelsenbeck and Ronquist implemented in MRBAYES. Although each of these three methodologies has appeared in the literature in the analyses of various sequence data, there have been no cross comparison studies of the performance of these methods when applied to the same data, in terms of the methods’ abilities to predict amino acid sites influenced by positive selection. To this end, we employed the three methods to detect the presence of positively selected sites in the following sequence data, where each data set was chosen to represent a different level of phylogenetic uncertainty: a previously analyzed abalone sperm lysin alignment, three alignments of the Avian infectious bronchitis (AIB) virus S gene, and two alignments of the homologous S protein of the SARS coronavirus. The results shown here demonstrate important strengths and drawbacks of each method when dealing with data of different levels of phylogenetic uncertainty.
A methodological framework for business-oriented modeling of IT infrastructure

The creation of IT simulation models for uses such as capacity planning and optimization is becoming more and more widespread. Traditionally, the creation of such models required deep modeling and/or programming expertise, thus severely limiting their extensive use. Moreover, many modern intelligent tools now require simulation models in order to carry out their function. For these tools to be widely deployable, the derivation of simulation models must be made possible without requiring excessive technical knowledge. Hence we introduce a general methodology that enables an almost automatic deployment of IT simulation models, based on three fundamental principles: Modeling only at the required level of detail; modeling standard components using pre-prepared models; and automatically deriving the application-specific model details. The technical details underlying this approach are presented. In addition, a case study, showing the application of this methodology to an eCommerce site, demonstrates the applicability of this approach.
Reasoning about Probabilities in Dynamic Systems using Goal Regression

Reasoning about degrees of belief in uncertain dynamic worlds is fundamental to many applications, such as robotics and planning, where actions modify state properties and sensors provide measurements, both of which are prone to noise. With the exception of limited cases such as Gaussian processes over linear phenomena, belief state evolution can be complex and hard to reason with in a general way. This paper proposes a framework with new results that allows the reduction of subjective probabilities after sensing and acting, both in discrete and continuous domains, to questions about the initial state only. We build on an expressive probabilistic first-order logical account by Bacchus, Halpern and Levesque, resulting in a methodology that, in principle, can be coupled with a variety of existing inference solutions.
Migration and Distribution of Fifteen Toxic Trace Elements during the Coal Washing of the Kailuan Coalfield, Hebei Province, China

This study mainly deals with the contents, migration and distribution of 15 toxic trace elements, including Be, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Mo, T1, Pb, Th, U and Hg, in the Paleozoic coals from the Kailuan Coalfield and their washing products. The results showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and As are enriched in the raw coals. And all the 15 elements could be removed from the the raw coals to the slime. Selenium and thorium are relatively enriched in the middlings, and most of the elements, with the exception of T1, are enriched in the tailings, among which As enrichment ratio is the highest (34.4%). Accordingly, more attentions should be paid to As and Hg when tailing and coal slime are utilized. Based on maceral and mineral analysis, the authors supposed that the migration and distribution of the 15 elements during coal washing might be controlled by clay minerals and pyrites.
Cartilage-derived extracellular matrix extract promotes chondrocytic phenotype in three-dimensional tissue culture

Cell transplantation is a promising regenerative therapy for cartilage degeneration. However, obtaining sufficient numbers of cells for this purpose is a challenge, due a lack of autologous donor tissue and the difficulty of culturing chondrocytes in vitro. Tissue engineering strategies that induce or maintain chondrocytic phenotype may solve these problems by (1) broadening the range of available donor tissue, and (2) facilitating the expansion of these cells while controlling phenotypic drift. In this study, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cartilage-derived cells (CDCs) were cultured on composite hydrogels containing agarose and homogenized cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). MSCs cultured on agarose-ECM scaffolds did not show significant signs of chondrogenic differentiation in the absence of additional cues. However, CDCs cultured on agarose-ECM scaffolds proliferated more rapidly than their ECM-free counterparts and MSCs, while retaining chondrocytic morphology. These results were corroborated via expression of cartilage marker genes: in autologous constructs, SOX 9 expression was upregulated by 12.6 ± 5.3-fold, and COL II was upregulated by 2.0 ± 0.3-fold. Agarose-ECM composite hydrogels are therefore useful for expanding partially differentiated CDCs for applications in regenerative medicine.
Detection and Simulation of Debris Cloud Impacts

The observations of clustered impacts on the geostationary orbit impact detector GORID are supposed to be caused by space debris cloud particles. In order to confirm this assumption, extensive investigations of the respective particle sources including the development and application of the DIADEM software were initiated. A brief description of the modelling approach is given. The results of DIADEM simulations of both GORID cluster detections on GEO and SPADUS cloud detections on LEO are discussed. It is shown that such impact clusters can be assigned to debris clouds created by SRM (solid rocket motor) firings. However, in case of GORID, many more clusters were measured. Consequently, additional sources for debris clouds must exist at least in the GEO region.
Effect of tropopause height changes on the calculation of ozone trends and their radiative forcing

Three separate estimates of ozone trends since 1970 are obtained from ozonesonde analyses in the Northern Hemisphere, at up to 11 point locations. Our analysis shows that there has been an increase in the annually averaged tropopause height of between 330-520 m at all stations, accompanied by an overall upward movement of the ozone profile. This movement of the ozone profile has led to an extra 2-15% decade -1 ozone depletion between roughly 8 and 22 km. We argue that as the part of the ozone trend associated with dynamical movement of the ozone profile is not a direct result of anthropogenic chemical ozone depletion, it ought not to be included in anthropogenic radiative forcing calculations. This leads to a stratospheric ozone radiative forcing which is roughly 50% of the original estimate. Combining stratospheric and tropospheric ozone changes to calculate the total ozone radiative forcing in the Northern Hemisphere for the 1970-1997 period gives a radiative forcing of -0.09 W m -2 , excluding the effects of dynamical movement of the ozone profile, which were calculated to have led to a further ozone feedback of -0.1 W m -2 , These results suggest estimating ozone radiative forcing from observational ozone trend data, without accounting for the movement of the ozone profile could be fundamentally flawed, due to the unquantified feedbacks in the climate system, making it difficult to separate out the part of the ozone trend associated directly with the anthropogenic forcing.
Web-based real-time sensor monitoring system using Smart Client

In this paper we develop a Web-based monitoring system which collects various kinds of environment information inside a building in real-time and monitors those in real-time by establishing a sensor network inside the building. To realize this system, this paper, we use Micaz mote sensor node which is equipped ATMega128L to use for measuring various kinds of environment data values and a sensor node's application forwards measuredenvironment data values by using our own developed application which is named BMSA (building monitoring sensor application). This sensor application supports mesh network to be possible multi-hop routing. Forwarded data from a sensor in this way are stored in a database server and a database server offer Web service for these datas to be forwarded to Web clients. The MicroSoft's Smart Client, likewise, is applied to display forwarded data on the Web in real-time by using the Web service.
How uncommon is tickertaping? Prevalence and characteristics of seeing the words you hear

Tickertape experience is the subjective phenomenon of routinely visualizing the orthographic appearance of words that one hears, speaks, or thinks, like mental subtitles in the mind’s eye. It has been observed in grapheme-color synesthetes, whose letter visualizations are colored, but has been very little studied. We report a survey, among 425 Norwegian adults from varied sub-samples, of the prevalence, character, and associated skills of tickertaping. Our questionnaire was designed to reflect different degrees of automaticity of the experience. While strongly automatic tickertaping appeared rare (n = 6; CI95 = 0.6% to 3.2% of sample), lesser degrees of text visualization were reported by more than half of respondents, indicating a continuity between extreme tickertaping and normal cognition. Tickertaping was not strongly associated with greater awareness of an inner voice while reading silently. We also found no strong evidence that tickertapers are unusually likely to self-report skill in rapidly enumerating heard words, or in backward spelling and backward speaking, despite the fact that these skills have been observed in single-case studies of tickertapers. The qualitative character of tickertaping varied among respondents, and included negative experiences. However visualization of letters was predominantly uncolored, indicating that tickertaping is a phenomenon in its own right and not just a subset of grapheme-color synesthesia. We suggest tickertaping is an explicit expression of the close interconnection between phonemic and graphemic representations of words which, for reasons we do not yet understand, manifests as visual imagery with a varying degree of automaticity.
Uterine Serous Carcinoma: Increased Familial Risk for Lynch-Associated Malignancies

Serous uterine cancer is not a feature of any known hereditary cancer syndrome. This study evaluated familial risk of cancers for patients with serous uterine carcinoma, focusing on Lynch syndrome malignancies. Fifty serous or mixed serous endometrial carcinoma cases were prospectively enrolled. Pedigrees were developed for 29 probands and tumors were assessed for DNA mismatch repair (MMR) abnormalities. Standardized incidence ratios for cancers in relatives were estimated. A second-stage analysis was undertaken using data from Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)-210. Incidence data for cancers reported in relatives of 348 patients with serous and mixed epithelial and 624 patients with endometrioid carcinoma were compared. Nineteen of 29 (65.5%) patients in the single-institution series reported a Lynch-related cancer in relatives. Endometrial and ovarian cancers were significantly overrepresented and a high number of probands (6 of 29, 20.7%) reported pancreatic cancers. None of the probands' tumors had DNA MMR abnormalities. There was no difference in endometrial or ovarian cancer incidence in relatives of serous and endometrioid cancer probands in the case–control study. Pancreatic cancers were, however, significantly more common in relatives of patients with serous cancer [OR, 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–5.38]. We identified an excess of endometrial, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers in relatives of patients with serous cancer in a single-institution study. Follow-up studies suggest that only pancreatic cancers are overrepresented in relatives. DNA MMR defects in familial clustering of pancreatic and other Lynch-associated malignancies are unlikely. The excess of pancreatic cancers in relatives may reflect an as yet unidentified hereditary syndrome that includes uterine serous cancers. Cancer Prev Res; 5(3); 435–43. ©2012 AACR.
Coronary Heart Disease Major Dietary Protein Sources and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women

Background—With the exception of fish, few major dietary protein sources have been studied in relation to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Our objective was to examine the relation between foods that are major dietary protein sources and incident CHD. Methods and Results—We prospectively followed 84 136 women aged 30 to 55 years in the Nurses’ Health Study with no known cancer, diabetes mellitus, angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, or other cardiovascular disease. Diet was assessed by a standardized and validated questionnaire and updated every 4 years. During 26 years of follow-up, we documented 2210 incident nonfatal infarctions and 952 deaths from CHD. In multivariable analyses including age, smoking, and other risk factors, higher intakes of red meat, red meat excluding processed meat, and high-fat dairy were significantly associated with elevated risk of CHD. Higher intakes of poultry, fish, and nuts were significantly associated with lower risk. In a model controlling statistically for energy intake, 1 serving per day of nuts was associated with a 30% (95% confidence interval, 17% to 42%) lower risk of CHD compared with 1 serving per day of red meat. Similarly, compared with 1 serving per day of red meat, a lower risk was associated with 1 serving per day of low-fat dairy (13%; 95% confidence interval, 6% to 19%), poultry (19%; 95% confidence interval, 3% to 33%), and fish (24%; 95% confidence interval, 6% to 39%). Conclusions—These data suggest that high red meat intake increases risk of CHD and that CHD risk may be reduced importantly by shifting sources of protein in the US diet. (Circulation. 2010;122:876-883.)
ER3: A Unified Framework for Event Retrieval, Recognition and Recounting

We develop a unified framework for complex event retrieval, recognition and recounting. The framework is based on a compact video representation that exploits the temporal correlations in image features. Our feature alignment procedure identifies and removes the feature redundancies across frames and outputs an intermediate tensor representation we call video imprint. The video imprint is then fed into a reasoning network, whose attention mechanism parallels that of memory networks used in language modeling. The reasoning network simultaneously recognizes the event category and locates the key pieces of evidence for event recounting. In event retrieval tasks, we show that the compact video representation aggregated from the video imprint achieves significantly better retrieval accuracy compared with existing methods. We also set new state of the art results in event recognition tasks with an additional benefit: The latent structure in our reasoning network highlights the areas of the video imprint and can be directly used for event recounting. As video imprint maps back to locations in the video frames, the network allows not only the identification of key frames but also specific areas inside each frame which are most influential to the decision process.
Teaching Robots to Learn New Objects in Constant Time

We consider object recognition in the context of lifelong learning, where a robotic agent learns to discriminate between a growing number of object classes as it accumulates experience about the environment. We propose an incremental variant of the Regularized Least Squares for Classification (RLSC) algorithm, and exploit its structure to seamlessly add new classes to the learned model. The presented algorithm addresses the problem of having an unbalanced proportion of training examples per class, which occurs when new objects are presented to the system for the first time. We evaluate our algorithm on both a machine learning benchmark dataset and two challenging object recognition tasks in a robotic setting. Empirical evidence shows that our approach achieves comparable or higher classification performance than its batch counterpart when classes are unbalanced, while being significantly faster.