Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A robot-assisted topology control algorithm in software-defined sensor networks

We focus on the topology control algorithm in Software-Defined Sensor Networks (SDSNs) and propose a robot-assisted sink nodes relocation algorithm based on the Markov chain. Firstly, by using the software-defined architecture, sensor nodes and network topology can be deployed and updated by the controller which provides global network information and centralized management in real time. Then robot-assisted sink nodes are deployed into SDSN to extend the network lifetime. Unlike motionless nodes or random mobile nodes which may bring about unforeseeable network topological variation, robot-assisted sink node can be migrated to specified location by the controller in SDSN. Furthermore, we propose a Markov chain based Robot-assisted Weighted Relocation (MRWR) algorithm to redeploy the sink nodes on the basis of node status and weight. Simulation results and analysis indicate that the proposed algorithm extends network lifetime with lower average power consumption and decreases the average delay from sensor nodes to sink node as compared with that of static network.
Energy Metabolism Characterization of a Novel Cancer Stem Cell‐Like Line 3AB‐OS

Cancer stem cells (CSC) have a central role in driving tumor growth. Since metabolism is becoming an important diagnostic and therapeutic target, characterization of CSC line energetic properties is an emerging need. Embryonic and adult stem cells, compared to differentiated cells, exhibit a reduced mitochondrial activity and a stronger dependence on aerobic glycolysis. Here, we aimed to comparatively analyze bioenergetics features of the human osteosarcoma 3AB‐OS CSC‐like line, and the parental osteosarcoma MG63 cells, from which 3AB‐OS cells have been previously selected. Our results suggest that 3AB‐OS cells depend on glycolytic metabolism more strongly than MG63 cells. Indeed, growth in glucose shortage or in presence of galactose or pyruvate (mitochondrial specific substrates) leads to a significant reduction of their proliferation compared to MG63 cells. Accordingly, 3AB‐OS cells show an increased expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and a larger accumulation of lactate in the culture medium. In line with these findings 3AB‐OS cells as compared to MG63 cells present a reduced mitochondrial respiration, a stronger sensitivity to glucose depletion or glycolysis inhibition and a lessened sensitivity to oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors. Additionally, in contrast to MG63 cells, 3AB‐OS display fragmented mitochondria, which become networked as they grow in glucose‐rich medium, while almost entirely loose these structures growing in low glucose. Overall, our findings suggest that 3AB‐OS CSC energy metabolism is more similar to normal stem cells and to cancer cells characterized by a glycolytic anaerobic metabolism. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 368–379, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND Cholinergic deficits are prominent in patients who have dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. We investigated the effects of the dual cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine in such patients. METHODS Patients in whom mild-to-moderate dementia developed at least 2 years after they received a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease were randomly assigned to receive placebo or 3 to 12 mg of rivastigmine per day for 24 weeks. Primary efficacy variables were the scores for the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog) and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinician's Global Impression of Change (ADCS-CGIC). Secondary clinical outcomes were the scores for the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living, the 10-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory, the Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Drug Research power of attention tests, the Verbal Fluency test, and the Ten Point Clock-Drawing test. RESULTS A total of 541 patients were enrolled, and 410 completed the study. The outcomes were better among patients treated with rivastigmine than among those who received placebo; however, the differences between these two groups were moderate and similar to those reported in trials of rivastigmine for Alzheimer's disease. Rivastigmine-treated patients had a mean improvement of 2.1 points in the score for the 70-point ADAS-cog, from a baseline score of 23.8, as compared with a 0.7-point worsening in the placebo group, from a baseline score of 24.3 (P<0.001). Clinically meaningful improvements in the scores for the ADCS-CGIC were observed in 19.8 percent of patients in the rivastigmine group and 14.5 percent of those in the placebo group, and clinically meaningful worsening was observed in 13.0 percent and 23.1 percent, respectively (mean score at 24 weeks, 3.8 and 4.3, respectively; P=0.007). Significantly better outcomes were seen with rivastigmine with respect to all secondary efficacy variables. The most frequent adverse events were nausea (affecting 29.0 percent of patients in the rivastigmine group and 11.2 percent of those in the placebo group, P<0.001), vomiting (16.6 and 1.7 percent, P<0.001), and tremor (10.2 and 3.9 percent, P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS In this placebo-controlled study, rivastigmine was associated with moderate improvements in dementia associated with Parkinson's disease but also with higher rates of nausea, vomiting, and tremor.
Self-efficacy in acutely traumatized patients and the risk of developing a posttraumatic stress syndrome

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs across 15-20% of victims suffering physical injury. The occurrence of PTSD has been attributed to both the trauma and the victim’s individual resources, such as resilience, coping strategies, and social support systems. In the present study, we explored the role of self-efficacy for cognitive self-regulation in the posttraumatic adaptation process of sixty-five patients immediately following trauma (T1) and approximately four months later (T2) assessing posttraumatic stress syndrome according to DSM-IV criteria. We hypothesized perceived self-efficacy as a predictor for an increased risk of developing posttraumatic stress symptoms. Self-efficacy measured immediately following trauma correlated significantly with the development of posttraumatic stress syndromes. This finding suggests that the evaluation of cognitive adaptation to trauma is a helpful marker for clinical outcome assessment and can therefore be used for the identification of patients needing psychotherapeutic intervention.
Carotid Intima‐Media Thickness and Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease

Carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) may be measured by ultrasound, where the distance between a double‐line reflex pattern representing the luminal‐intimal and the medial‐adventitial interfaces corresponds well with IMT measured in histological specimens. [1][1] Thickening of the artery wall
Adding Syntax and Static Analysis to Libraries via Extensible Compilers and Language Extensions

We show how new syntactic forms and static analysis can be added to a programming language to support abstractions provided by libraries. Libraries have the important characteristic that programmers can use multiple libraries in a single program. Thus, any attempt to extend a language’s syntax and analysis should be done in a composable manner so that similar extensions that support other libraries can be used by the programmer in the same program. To accomplish this we have developed an extensible attribute grammar specification of Java 1.4 written in the attribute grammar specification language Silver. Library writers can specify, as an attribute grammar, new syntax and analysis that extends the language and supports their library. The Silver tools automatically compose the grammars defining the language and the programmer-selected language extensions (for their chosen libraries) into a specification for a new custom language that has language-level support for the libraries. We demonstrate how syntax and analysis are added to a language by extending Java with syntax from the query language SQL and static analysis of these constructs so that syntax and type errors in SQL queries can be detected at compile-time.
Protective Role of PGC-1α in Diabetic Nephropathy Is Associated with the Inhibition of ROS through Mitochondrial Dynamic Remodeling

The overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the role of PGC-1α in the pathogenesis of DN. Rat glomerular mesangial cells (RMCs) were incubated in normal or high glucose medium with or without the PGC-1α-overexpressing plasmid (pcDNA3-PGC-1α) for 48 h. In the diabetic rats, decreased PGC-1α expression was associated with increased mitochondrial ROS generation in the renal cortex, increased proteinuria, glomerular hypertrophy, and higher glomerular 8-OHdG (a biomarker for oxidative stress). In vitro, hyperglycemia induced the downregulation of PGC-1α, which led to increased DRP1 expression, increased mitochondrial fragmentation and damaged network structure. This was associated with an increase in ROS generation and mesangial cell hypertrophy. These pathological changes were reversed in vitro by the transfection of pcDNA3-PGC-1α. These data suggest that PGC-1α may protect DN via the inhibition of DRP1-mediated mitochondrial dynamic remodeling and ROS production. These findings may assist the development of novel therapeutic strategies for patients with DN.
Advantages of neural networks for deriving an electrons spectrum from depth-charge curve

The work considers the artificial intelligence methods for solving ill-posed problem of reconstruction of the electrons spectrum from the distribution of the charge deposition. In order to perform comparison of different neural networks types, method of least squares and Tikhonov regularization the existing computer models of physical processes are used. The results deviation, variance and probability of obtaining the results without physical meaning are used for effectiveness criteria. Results of the work shows the advantages of the radial basis neural networks.
Alcohol Facilitates CD1d Loading, Subsequent Activation of NKT Cells, and Reduces the Incidence of Diabetes in NOD Mice

Background Ethanol (‘alcohol’) is a partly hydrophobic detergent that may affect the accessibility of glycolipids thereby influencing immunological effects of these molecules. Methods The study included cellular in vitro tests using α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer), and in vivo NOD mice experiments detecting diabetes incidence and performing behavioural and bacterial analyses. Results Alcohol in concentrations from 0.6% to 2.5% increased IL-2 production from NKT cells stimulated with αGalCer by 60% (p<0.05). CD1d expressed on HeLa cells contained significantly increasing amounts of αGalCer with increasing concentrations of alcohol, suggesting that alcohol facilitated the passive loading of αGalCer to CD1d. NOD mice were found to tolerate 5% ethanol in their drinking water without signs of impairment in liver function. Giving this treatment, the diabetes incidence declined significantly. Higher numbers of CD3+CD49b+ NKT cells were found in spleen and liver of the alcohol treated compared to the control mice (p<0.05), whereas the amount of CD4+Foxp3+ regulator T cells did not differ. Increased concentrations of IFN-γ were detected in 24-hour blood samples of alcohol treated mice. Behavioural studies showed no change in attitude of the ethanol-consuming mice, and bacterial composition of caecum samples was not affected by alcohol, disqualifying these as protective mechanisms. Conclusion Alcohol facilitates the uptake of glycolipids and the stimulation of NKT cells, which are known to counteract Type 1 diabetes development. We propose that this is the acting mechanism by which treatment with alcohol reduces the incidence of diabetes in NOD mice. This is corroborated by epidemiology showing beneficial effect of alcohol to reduce the severity of atherosclerosis and related diseases.
Porphyromonas gingivalis infection of oral epithelium inhibits neutrophil transepithelial migration

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory disorders caused by microorganisms of dental plaque that colonize the gingival sulcus and, subsequently, the periodontal pocket. As in other mucosal infections, the host response to plaque bacteria is characterized by an influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to the gingival crevice. Neutrophil migration through the epithelial lining of the gingival pocket is thought to be the first line of defense against plaque bacteria. In order to model this phenomenon in vitro, we used the oral epithelial cell line KB and human PMNs in the Transwell system and examined the impact of Porphyromonas gingivalis-epithelial cell interactions on subsequent PMN transepithelial migration. We demonstrate here that P. gingivalis infection of oral epithelial cells failed to trigger transmigration of PMNs. Furthermore, it significantly inhibited neutrophil transmigration actively induced by stimuli such as N-formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine, interleukin-8 (IL-8), and the intestinal pathogen enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. The ability of P. gingivalis to block PMN transmigration was strongly positively correlated with the ability to adhere to and invade epithelial cells. In addition, P. gingivalis attenuated the production of IL-8 and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 by epithelial cells. The ability of P. gingivalis to block neutrophil migration across an intact epithelial barrier may critically impair the potential of the host to confront the bacterial challenge and thus may play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Towards a minimal set of operations for nested relations

Since the first publications on non-first-normal-form relations in the late 70's and early 80's, a variety of formalizations of the data structure of and operations for nested relations have been devised. The data structure itself is defined almost identical in the several approaches, only some subtle difi'erences concerning special cases can be observed. For instance, both the VER50 relations [AB84J and the PNF relations of [RKS85J do not allow relations without an "atomic key", i.e. the set of attributes forming a key must not contain relation-valued attributes, which, however, is allowed in [5584/86J. However, concerning operations for nested relations, a much broader scale of languages was proposed. Formal operations were defined in algebra, calculus and SQL style. In this position paper we want to compare several proposals of algebras for nested relations. We distinguish between "minimal" extensions of the fiat algebra (as for example the ones given by [FT83] or [RKS85J)-i.e. those that try to get along with the "Nest" and "Unnest" operations-, and the "maximal" extensions that supply nested operations (e.g. [AB84, 5S84/86]). Others have investigated equivalences between algebras and calculi for nested relations, e.g. [RK585J, van Gucht, Abiteboul and Beeri (the latter ones see this workshop). This issue is related to the problem of identifying a minimal subset of algebraic operators that give the full expressive power of a certain calculus. (The problem of the powerset operation is treated e.g. by Beeri). In the sequel we concentrate on a specific topic: a minimal subset of the algebra from [5584/86] can be shown to consist of the usual selection, union and un nest operation plus extended projection. In particular, nest, difference and Cartesian product (and thus join) can be expressed in terms of the other operations. This exciting result can be derived by utilizing the concept of "dynamic con6tants" as introduced in [5S84/86]. Therefore, we argue in favor of maximally extended algebras as opposed to the 'minimal' extensions. Problems with empty subrelations and corresponding null values (c! . [Sch086]) are responsible for the fact, that the maximally extended algebra operations can not be expressed by unnesting, applying fiat algebra operations and finally nesting back. Rather, a nested algebra must be defined on its own [AB84, 5S84/86J to achieve the desired expressive power. This is the reason why others have restricted the scope of considered relations to certain normal forms (e.g. PNF) or changed the definitions of basic algebra operations to refiect these normal forms. With the maximally extended algebras we do not need such restrictions. The algebra defined in [5584/86] allows application of relational expressions at any place in an algebra operation, where attributes occur that are relation-valued, i.e. subrelations. As an example consider a nested relation representing departments and employees Dept(dno, dname, . , mgrno, Emp(eno, ename, . ».
ON ESTIMATING RELATEDNESS USING GENETIC MARKERS

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An accelerometer based sensor platform for insitu elite athlete performance analysis

A sensor data acquisition platform has been developed for in-situ sporting applications encompassing stand alone high speed sampling and storage of multiple accelerometer data. Ambulatory monitoring of elite athletes in competition or training environments was then undertaken. The platform itself is divided into functional blocks and controlled by a small microcontroller using a custom OS. Hence it is easily customizable for a variety of sporting applications. The platform is packaged so as to be robust, hermetically sealed and biomechanically neutral to the athlete. Results and derivative data from rowing and swimming are presented as sample applications. In swimming applications, stroke characteristics for a variety of training strokes are analyzed and found to be better than other methods. The rowing application, when coupled with other monitoring techniques such as impeller velocity, enables recovery of intra and inter stroke phases as a means to assess performance over the entire course and has been used by competition rowers to improve performance at national and international competitions.
The Ill-Posed Problem and Regularization in Parallel Magnetic Resonance Imaging

From a linear algebra point of view, the article has studied the ill-posed problems in parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and posed its influences on the final reconstructed image. Consequently, the article proposed the regularization methods in parallel MRI, and also by g-factor the article has compared the regularized parallel MRI with the conventional reconstruction. In the result, the article has posed that the suitable regularization method is a key technology in parallel MRI reconstruction, and the theory of inverse problems can provide the best idea for resolving the problems in parallel MRI.
Persistent production of platelet thromboxane A2 in patients chronically treated with aspirin

Summary. Background: Patients treated with aspirin may have a reduced sensitivity to its antiplatelet effect. The mechanism accounting for such a reduced sensitivity might involve an impaired interaction of aspirin with cyclooxygenase‐1 (COX)‐1. Objective: We sought to investigate whether platelets from patients under chronic treatment with aspirin still produce TxA2 and whether there is any relationship between the eventual persistent TxA2 formation and platelet aggregation. Finally, whether platelet‐derived TxA2 can be inhibited by in vitro addition of aspirin. Methods: Collagen‐induced platelet aggregation and thromboxane‐A2 (TxA2) were measured in 196 patients treated with aspirin (100–330 mg day−1) because of previous vascular events or presence of risk factors of atherosclerosis. Results: Collagen‐induced TxA2 production of the entire cohort was 128.7 ± 21.6 pg 10−8 cells, and was significantly correlated with platelet aggregation (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.44; P < 0.0001). Patients in the highest quartile of TxA2 showed higher platelet response to collagen (P < 0.0001) when compared with those in the lowest quartile. In a subgroup of 96 patients, platelets were treated in vitro with a TxA2 receptor antagonist (13‐azaprostanoic acid) or aspirin before stimulation with collagen. 13‐APA acid significantly inhibited platelet aggregation. Aspirin reduced (−72.9%) TxA2 production in patients with TxA2 values above the median but it was ineffective in those with TxA2 values below the median. Conclusion: In some patients chronically treated with aspirin platelet production of TxA2 may persist and account for enhanced platelet aggregation. Incomplete inhibition of COX‐1 seems to be implicated in persistent TxA2 production.
In vitro mechanical testing of monofilament nylon fishing line, for the extracapsular stabilisation of canine stifle joint.

Abstract. Cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture is a common injury in the dogs and major cause of degenerative joint disease. A common method to restore stifle joint stability is an extra capsular repair with a lateral fabella-tibial suture using heavy nylon wire. Aims: to compare the mechanical properties (force at failure and elongation) of three diameters of nylon fishing line before and after steam sterilizer with loops secured by knot (two types) and by crimped system. Materials and methods: Two monofilament nylon fishing lines (1 and 1.2 mm) were used to determine the effect of steam sterilization on strength and elongation of the material. A strand of each diameter of monofilament nylon fishing material was knotted or crimped to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine. Material testing was performed using a servo-hydraulic materials-testing machine (MULTITEST 5-i) and analyzed by Emperor Force soft. Twenty trials of each diameter of unsterilized and steam-sterilized nylon per each type of secured methods (square knot, surgical knot, and with a crimp clamp) were tested. A strand of each material was elongated to failure at a constant displacement of 10 mm/min to determine strength. A strand of each material was cycled 10 times to a load of 50 N to determine percent elongation. Results: All the loops failed by breaking or slipping within the knot or clamp. The surgeons knot had significantly greater elongation than all other loops, but required the most force to failure. With incremental loading, knotted loops elongated more than crimped loops. The loops secured by indigene crimp system were weaker strength than knotted loops. Conclusion: All materials tested exceeded the necessary strength of neutralizing the load in the canine walk but none exceeded the estimated highest load during canine higher activity.