Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal and Sedimentation Stress Are Unlikely Causes of Brown Spot Syndrome in the Coral Reef Sponge, Ianthella basta

Background Marine diseases are being increasingly linked to anthropogenic factors including global and local stressors. On the Great Barrier Reef, up to 66% of the Ianthella basta population was recently found to be afflicted by a syndrome characterized by brown spot lesions and necrotic tissue. Methodology/Principal Findings Manipulative experiments were undertaken to ascertain the role of environmental stressors in this syndrome. Specifically, the effects of elevated temperature and sedimentation on sponge health and symbiont stability in I. basta were examined. Neither elevated temperature nor increased sedimentation were responsible for the brown spot lesions, but sponges exposed to 32°C developed substantial discoloration and deterioration of their tissues, resulting in death after eight days and a higher microbial diversity in those samples. No shifts in the microbial community of I. basta were observed across a latitudinal gradient or with increased sedimentation, with three previously described symbionts dominating the community of all sponges (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Thaumarchaea). Conclusions/Significance Results from this study highlight the stable microbial community of I. basta and indicate that thermal and sedimentation stress are not responsible for the brown spot lesions currently affecting this abundant and ecologically important sponge species.
The Curcumin Analogue 1,5-Bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one Induces Apoptosis and Downregulates E6 and E7 Oncogene Expression in HPV16 and HPV18-Infected Cervical Cancer Cells

In an effort to study curcumin analogues as an alternative to improve the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin, we screened the cytotoxic potential of four diarylpentanoids using the HeLa and CaSki cervical cancer cell lines. Determination of their EC50 values indicated relatively higher potency of 1,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (MS17, 1.03 ± 0.5 μM; 2.6 ± 0.9 μM) and 1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (MS13, 2.8 ± 0.4; 6.7 ± 2.4 μM) in CaSki and HeLa, respectively, with significantly greater growth inhibition at 48 and 72 h of treatment compared to the other analogues or curcumin. Based on cytotoxic and anti-proliferative activity, MS17 was selected for comprehensive apoptotic studies. At 24 h of treatment, fluorescence microscopy detected that MS17-exposed cells exhibited significant morphological changes consistent with apoptosis, corroborated by an increase in nucleosomal enrichment due to DNA fragmentation in HeLa and CaSki cells and activation of caspase-3 activity in CaSki cells. Quantitative real-time PCR also detected significant down-regulation of HPV18- and HPV16-associated E6 and E7 oncogene expression following treatment. The overall data suggests that MS17 treatment has cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing potential in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, its role in down-regulation of HPV-associated oncogenes responsible for cancer progression merits further investigation into its chemotherapeutic role for cervical cancer.
Line-of-sight vector adjustment model for geopositioning of SPOT-5 stereo images

We formulate and present a new geopositioning method for SPOT-5 High-Resolution Geometric (HRG) stereo images, named the line-of-sight (LOS) vector adjustment model. It is applicable to satellites that move along a well-defined close-to-circular elliptical orbit with a predicted orbit close to true. SPOT-5 satisfies these requirements because it has the improved capability of providing accurate satellite attitude and a look angle for each detector. The method’s core idea is that only the LOS vector was adjusted when correcting the geometric distortion of SPOT-5 imagery. One advantage of this method is that it achieves high geopositioning accuracy with a limited number of ground control points (GCPs). Although a minimum of three GCPs is needed for processing, a test result satisfied the accuracy requirement within one pixel of a SPOT-5 panchromatic image even with only three GCPs. The performance in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) improved as the number of GCPs increased. Five GCPs were found to be the optimal number in the practical application of the LOS vector adjustment model. Using five GCPs, the RMSEs were 0.48 m and 0.64 m in planimetry and height, respectively. The test results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the bundle adjustment method for the geopositioning of SPOT-5 HRG stereo images.
Web Software Evolution by Aspect-oriented Adaptation Engineering

The evolving nature of the WWW necessitates to constantly adapt Web applications to new requirements, audiences, and client devices. However, as a given adaptation concern (e.g., device dependency) is typically deeply intertwined with different parts of the underlying application, it becomes difficult to adjust a Web-based system's adaptive behavior to a new requirement. In this paper, we provide an aspect-oriented view on adaptation engineering within the AMACONT framework. By separating the specification of adaptation from the underlying application in the form of so-called adaptation aspects, we can thus easily add new or modify existing adaptation concerns on demand. We also present an extension of our graphical authoring tool AMACONTBuilder, allowing Web engineers to intuitively incorporate adaptation aspects into Web applications.
The importance of website content in online purchasing across different types of products

Several authors have suggested that the importance of website content elements in online purchasing varies across different types of products. Our aim is to empirically test this proposition. Here, we focus on goods versus services and hedonic versus utilitarian products. After reviewing the literature on the role of website content, we hypothesize which elements are more important for which type of product. The results of an empirical study confirm most of the different roles across different types of products. This suggests that retailers would profit from taking the differences in product types into account in designing their online stores.
A Novel Approach for Phase-Type Fitting with the EM Algorithm

The representation of general distributions or measured data by phase-type distributions is an important and nontrivial task in analytical modeling. Although a large number of different methods for fitting parameters of phase-type distributions to data traces exist, many approaches lack efficiency and numerical stability. In this paper, a novel approach is presented that fits a restricted class of phase-type distributions, namely, mixtures of Erlang distributions, to trace data. For the parameter fitting, an algorithm of the expectation maximization type is developed. This paper shows that these choices result in a very efficient and numerically stable approach which yields phase-type approximations for a wide range of data traces that are as good or better than approximations computed with other less efficient and less stable fitting methods. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed fitting algorithm, we present comparative results for our approach and two other methods using six benchmark traces and two real traffic traces as well as quantitative results from queuing analysis
Requirement of phospholipase C-gamma 2 activation in surface immunoglobulin M-induced B cell apoptosis

Surface IgM (sIgM) stimulation induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple cellular substrates, including phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 2, which is involved in the activation of phosphatidylinositol pathway. DT40 B cells underwent apoptotic cell death when activated through sIgM, a phenomenon that is related to elimination of self-reactive B cells. To examine the roles of PLC-gamma 2 in sIgM signaling, we have generated DT40 cells deficient in PLC-gamma 2 Cross-linking of sIgM on PLC-gamma 2-deficient cells evoked neither inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate nor calcium mobilization. In PLC-gamma 2- or Syk-deficient DT40 cells, the induction of apoptosis was blocked, but was still observed in Lyn- deficient cells. Src homology 2 domains of PLC-gamma 2 were essential for both its activation and sIgM-induced apoptosis. Since tyrosine phosphorylation of PLC-gamma 2 is mediated by Syk, these results indicate that activation of PLC-gamma 2 through Syk is required for sIgM-induced apoptosis.
Torque and reactive power control of a doubly-fed induction machine by position sensorless scheme

In this paper, a novel control strategy to realize torque and reactive power control of a doubly excited induction machine using a position sensorless scheme is proposed. Compared to the other position sensorless schemes for doubly fed machines, the proposed control method uses only the rotor voltages and currents as the feedback signals, which substantially reduces the costs and enhances reliability of the position sensorless control scheme of the doubly fed AC machine. Independent control of torque and reactive power is also possible, and the doubly fed system can achieve unity or leading power factor, in addition to variable speed operation. <<ETX>>
Opportunistic Grassmannian Beamforming for Multiuser and Multiantenna Downlink Communications

Scheduling in a broadcast channel based on partial channel-state-information at the transmitter is carried out in an opportunistic way. In this paper, the number of generated beams is larger than the number of available base station antennas, where the beams are obtained through Grassmannian line packing to guarantee the largest orthogonality among them. Approximate expressions and bounds are derived for the sum capacity of the proposed approach together with its scaling law. For practical systems, we show that this scheme can increase the number of serviced users under a minimum-rate-per-user requirement.
Comparing Different Classifiers for Automatic Lesion Detection in Cervix Based On Colour Histogram

In this paper, a fully automated lesion detection method based on color histogram is proposed to help the adept to make a more robust diagnosis. In the proposed method, a preprocessing is applied to remove the irrelevant information and specular reflection from the colposcopy cervical images before feature extraction. Then the color histogram features are extracted and the features are used as an input to KNN, NaiveBayes, and SVM classifier to detect the Aceto White Region (AWR). Segmentation results are evaluated on 240 images of colposcopy and accuracy of the proposed system is over 85%. I. INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Cervical cancer kills more than 288,000 women each year worldwide and disproportionately affects the poorest, most vulnerable women. At least 80 percent of cervical cancer deaths occur in developing countries1. Cancer of the cervix is primarily caused by HumanPapilloma Virus (HPV) infection. In developing countries, like India HPV infection is high2. Cancer refers to a class of diseases in which a cell or a group of cells divide and replicate irrepressible, intrude into adjacent cells and tissues (invasion) and ultimately spread to other parts of the body than the location at which they arose (metastasis) (National Cancer Institute 2009). In cervical cancer, (cancer of the uterine cervix), cancer develops in the tissues of the cervix, which is a part of the female reproductive system. The cervix connects the upper body of the uterus to the vagina. The endocervix (the upper part which is close to the uterus) is covered by glandular cells, and the ectocervix (the lower part which is close to the vagina) is covered by squamous cells. The transformation zone refers to the place where these two regions of the cervix meet.
RNN-based Derivation Structure Prediction for SMT

In this paper, we propose a novel derivation structure prediction (DSP) model for SMT using recursive neural network (RNN). Within the model, two steps are involved: (1) phrase-pair vector representation, to learn vector representations for phrase pairs; (2) derivation structure prediction, to generate a bilingual RNN that aims to distinguish good derivation structures from bad ones. Final experimental results show that our DSP model can significantly improve the translation quality.
The effect of oriented cracks on seismic velocities

We have considered the problem of elastic wave velocities in a matrix containing aligned ellipsoidal fluid-filled cracks. This problem is relevant to a variety of geophysical applications, including crustal and mantle seismology and the behavior of stressed and dilatant rock. When the cracks are ellipsoids of revolution, the composite is transversely isotropic and is describable with five elastic constants. For aligned oblate spheroids the major reduction in velocity occurs along the axis of symmetry. The opening of new cracks, the widening of old cracks, or the reduction of pore pressure accompanying crustal dilatancy can be expected to cause a large decrease in compressional velocity and considerable compressional wave anisotropy.
Towards Automatic Generation of Multi-table Datapath from Datapath-oblivious Algorithmic Sdn Policies

Despite the emergence of multi-table pipelining as a key feature of next-generation SDN datapath models, there is no existing work that addresses the substantial programming challenge of generating effective multi-tables automatically. In this paper, we present Magellan, the first system that tries to address the aforementioned challenge and beyond. Introducing a novel algorithm called Map-Explore, Magellan extracts efficient multi-table pipelines from a datapath oblivious, high-level SDN program written in a general-purpose language and maximizes local switch processing. We implement a prototype of Magellan for a Turing-complete programming language. Comparing the flow tables generated by Magellan with those produced from standard SDN controllers including OpenDaylight and Floodlight, we show that Magellan uses between 46-68x fewer rules.
Designing low index metamaterials and the random phase approximation (RPA)

Metamaterial research includes trying to realize extreme refractive index properties (e.g. very large, zero or negative values). Bulk material properties are defined by the number density of subwavelength sized meta-atoms which necessarily are electromagnetically coupled together. We investigate the parallels to be drawn with condensed-matter physical models, in particular the RPA.
Structural funds and regional growth: conditions for improving efficiency

Structural Fundsâ€™ effectiveness for cohesion promotion within the European Union has been frequently questioned. Given the challenges brought about by recent enlargements to the Central and Eastern Europe and the discussion about limits on EU budget, we analyse the role of EU transfers for growth on a panel of 138 regions in the period 1995-2009. Our main findings are that: (i) Funds effects are not instantaneous; (ii) the effects of Funds over time are intimately related to the level of human capital in the region.
SUR1 Receptor Interaction with Hesperidin and Linarin Predicts Possible Mechanisms of Action of Valeriana officinalis in Parkinson

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. A theoretical approach of our previous experiments reporting the cytoprotective effects of the Valeriana officinalis compounds extract for PD is suggested. In addiction to considering the PD as a result of mitochondrial metabolic imbalance and oxidative stress, such as in our previous in vitro model of rotenone, in the present manuscript we added a genomic approach to evaluate the possible underlying mechanisms of the effect of the plant extract. Microarray of substantia nigra (SN) genome obtained from Allen Brain Institute was analyzed using gene set enrichment analysis to build a network of hub genes implicated in PD. Proteins transcribed from hub genes and their ligands selected by search ensemble approach algorithm were subjected to molecular docking studies, as well as 20 ns Molecular Dynamics (MD) using a Molecular Mechanic Poison/Boltzman Surface Area (MMPBSA) protocol. Our results bring a new approach to Valeriana officinalis extract, and suggest that hesperidin, and probably linarin are able to relieve effects of oxidative stress during ATP depletion due to its ability to binding SUR1. In addition, the key role of valerenic acid and apigenin is possibly related to prevent cortical hyperexcitation by inducing neuronal cells from SN to release GABA on brain stem. Thus, under hyperexcitability, oxidative stress, asphyxia and/or ATP depletion, Valeriana officinalis may trigger different mechanisms to provide neuronal cell protection.
Predicting Software Outcomes Using Data Mining and Text Mining

Organizations spend a major portion of their Information Technology budget on software maintenance. In this paper, we present a predictive model for the maintenance outcomes of the software projects. We also identify the factors that affect software maintenance outcomes. We build our model using Data Mining (DM) techniques on Open Source Software (OSS) project data. We use the public access to the data archives of over 100,000 projects hosted by SourceForge.net (SF). We use prior research in software engineering to identify the initial set of variables used in the model building process. We use multiple DM techniques available in SAS® Enterprise Miner™. We also create additional new variables from the textual data provided by SF, through SAS® Text Miner. The use of these new variables improves the model, significantly. The final model is selected based on domain knowledge and fit statistics of the models. Results indicate that end-user participation, product functionality, and usefulness of the project affect the software maintenance quality.
Game-Theoretic Multi-Agent Control and Network Cost Allocation Under Communication Constraints

Multi-agent networked linear dynamic systems have attracted the attention of researchers in power systems, intelligent transportation, and industrial automation. The agents might cooperatively optimize a global performance objective, resulting in social optimization, or try to satisfy their own selfish objectives using a noncooperative differential game. However, in these solutions, large volumes of data must be sent from system states to possibly distant control inputs, thus resulting in high cost of the underlying communication network. To enable economically viable communication, a game-theoretic framework is proposed under the communication cost, or sparsity, constraint, given by the number of communicating state/control input pairs. As this constraint tightens, the system transitions from dense to sparse communication, providing the tradeoff between dynamic system performance and information exchange. Moreover, using the proposed sparsity-constrained distributed social optimization and noncooperative game algorithms, we develop a method to allocate the costs of the communication infrastructure fairly and according to the agents’ diverse needs for feedback and cooperation. Numerical results illustrate utilization of the proposed algorithms to enable and ensure economic fairness of wide-area control among power companies.
Refinement of Hybrid Systems from Formal Models to Design Languages

System-level design of discrete-continuous embedded systems is a complex and error-prone task. While existing design languages like SystemC and its extension to the mixed-signal domain, SystemC-AMS, are supported by tools and libraries, they lack both mathematical precision and intuitive, abstract design notations. Graphical design notations with formal foundations such as HyCharts suffer from the lack of tool support and acceptance in the developer community. To overcome the deficiencies of both approaches, we present a design flow from graphical HyCharts to SystemC-AMS designs. This design flow uses a formally founded refinement technique to ensure the overall consistency of the design.
Reducing hard SAT instances to polynomial ones

This last decade, propositional reasoning and search has been one of the hottest topics of research in the A.I. community, as the Boolean framework has been recognized as a powerful setting for many reasoning paradigms thanks to dramatic improvements of the efficiency of satisfiability checking procedures. SAT, namely checking whether a set of propositional clauses is satisfiable or not, is the technical core of this framework. In the paper, a new linear-time pre-treatment of SAT instances is introduced. Interestingly, it allows us to discover a new polynomial-time fragment of SAT that can be recognized in linear-time, and show that some benchmarks from international SAT competitions that were believed to be difficult ones, are actually polynomial-time and thus easy-to-solve ones.
Gravitational lensing on the Cosmic Microwave Background by gravity waves

We study the effect of a stochastic background of gravitational waves on the gravitational lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. It has been shown that matter density inhomogeneities produce a smoothing of the acoustic peaks in the angular power spectrum of the CMB anisotropies. A gravitational wave background gives rise to an additional smoothing of the spectrum. For the most simple case of a gravitational wave background arising during a period of inflation, the effect results to be three to four orders of magnitude smaller than its scalar counterpart, and is thus undetectable. It could play a more relevant role in models where a larger background of gravitational waves is produced.
Trust Derivation and Recommendation Management in a Trust Model

Recommendation-based trust models have emerged as an important risk management mechanism in E-commerce and online environments. This paper presents a trust model with recommendations management based on subjective logic and Bayesian estimation. For dealing with recommendations, the theory of subjective logic is used to express trust properties as beliefs and a method is provided for mapping between similarity measures and trust. Using the derived trust in aggregation of recommendations, our proposal detects and protects against unfair recommendations. By using Bayesian estimation, our proposal integrates the subjective prior knowledge and the actual experience in to the estimation of trust. We present the test methods and their results to illustrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the approach.
Automatic Detection of Psychological Distress Indicators and Severity Assessment from Online Forum Posts

Psychological disorders are frequently under-diagnosed and consequently have an irreversible impact on individuals and society. The stigma associated with such disorders makes face-to-face discussions with family members and clinicians difficult for many individuals. In contrast, people openly relate experiences on Internet forums. This paper describes a novel system that analyses forum posts to: (1) detect distress indicators that directly map to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) IV constructs, and (2) assess the severity of distress for prioritizing individuals who should seek clinical help (i.e. triage). For distress indicator detection, we use support vector machines (SVMs) trained on a suite of innovative intraand inter-message features. We show significant improvements in multi-label classification accuracy using humangenerated rationales in support of annotated distress labels. For triage assessment, we demonstrate the effectiveness of Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) in dealing with noisy distress label detections and encoding expert rules.