Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of pedestrian crossing road

Detection of pedestrian crossing road is described in this paper. Single camera is used to detect pedestrians, thus classify them as a pedestrian crossing road or not. The moving pedestrian is detected using improved sparse optical flow method. The proposed technique consists of three main components. First, overlapping blocks are applied in consecutive images. KLT tracker is used to find corresponding corner feature in consecutive images. Second, classify each block into motion region (foreground) and background, where each block is processed by a cascade composed of three classifiers. Third, probabilistic generation of the foreground mask is performed. The classification decisions for all blocks are integrated into final pixel-level foreground segmentation. In order to classify the pedestrian crossing road, a walking human model is proposed. It is calculated by the region volume of the detected bounding box. A walking human is defined as the ratio of the width divided by the height of the detected bounding box. To be sure that the moving object is a walking human, ratio of the centroid location from the ground plane divided by the height of bounding box should satisfy a constraint. The proposed algorithms are evaluated using publicly (Caltech and ETH) datasets and our real world driving data. The performance result shows the correct pedestrian detection rate is 99.50% at 0.09 false positive per image. The pedestrian crossing road classification shown correct detection rate is 98.10%.
Retinopathy of prematurity screening, stress related responses, the role of nesting

AIMS/BACKGROUND In a prospective study the degree of distress caused by retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening in a cohort of preterm infants was assessed and the modifying effects of nesting in reducing their discomfort was evaluated. METHODS 38 preterm infants were included in the study. 19 infants were placed in a nest with boundaries (intervention group) and 19 infants were placed on a cot blanket (control group). Observations were made 2 minutes before, throughout, and 2 minutes after ROP examination. The factors observed were crying responses, neurobehavioural activity, and physiological changes (heart rate, oxygen saturation). Recordings were made using a video camera for crying and neurobehavioural activity and an Oxypleth monitor for heart rate and oxygen saturation. RESULTS During ROP screening, the total group of 38 infants (nested and non-nested combined) displayed increased neurobehavioural activity (p<0.01) and crying (p<0.01). The increased activity and crying coincided with the invasive part of the procedure. The distress caused by ROP screening was significantly less for the nested group compared with the non-nested group for both movement activity (p<0.01) and crying (p<0.01). The physiological data, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION ROP screening is distressing for preterm infants. Nesting can significantly reduce this discomfort. The findings in this study are of value in designing more optimal ROP examination schedules for infants.
On Being Responsible

Joint responsibility is a mental and behavioural state which captures and formalizes many of the intuitive underpinnings of collaborative problem solving. It defines the pre-conditions which must hold before such activity can commence, how individuals should behave (in their own problem solving and towards others) once such problem solving has begun and minimum conditions which group participants must satisfy.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR RASIONAL, POLITIK DAN KULTUR ORGANISASI TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN INFORMASI KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH DAERAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor-faktor rasional, politik dan kultur organisasi terhadap pemanfaatan (adopsi dan implementasi) informasi kinerja pemerintah daerah di kota Bengkulu. Faktor-faktor rasional terdiri atas : sumber daya, informasi, orientasi tujuan, ketentuan eksternal dan ketentuan internal. Faktor politik terdiri atas : kelompok eksternal dan kelompok internal. Variabel kultur organisasi diukur dengan sikap personel di dalam instansi (dinas dan badan) di kota Bengkulu. Responden yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 203 pejabat eselon 2, eselon 3, dan eselon 4 pada instansi (dinas dan badan) di kota Bengkulu. Alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa secara keseluruhan faktor-faktor rasional (sumber daya, informasi, orientasi tujuan, ketentuan eksternal dan ketentuan internal) berpengaruh terhadap adopsi ukuran kinerja. Namun secara parsial informasi dan ketentuan eksternal tidak begitu berpengaruh terhadap adopsi ukuran kinerja. Kelompok internal dan sikap juga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap adopsi ukuran kinerja. pengaruhnya signifikan terhadap terhadap adopsi ukuran kinerja. Kelompok eksternal, kelompok internal dan sikap pengaruhnya signifikan terhadap implementasi ukuran kinerja. Begitu juga dengan informasi, sumber daya dan orientasi tujuan pengaruhnya signifikan terhadap implementasi ukuran kinerja.
High-Performance Key-Value Store on OpenSHMEM

Recently, there has been a growing interest in enabling fast data analytics by leveraging system capabilities from large-scale high-performance computing (HPC) systems. OpenSHMEM is a popular run-time system on HPC systems that has been used for large-scale compute-intensive scientific applications. In this paper, we propose to leverage OpenSHMEM to design a distributed in-memory key-value store for fast data analytics. Accordingly, we have developed SHMEMCache on top of OpenSHMEM to leverage its symmetric global memory, efficient one-sided communication operations and general portability. We have also evaluated SHMEMCache through extensive experimental studies. Our results show that SHMEMCache has accomplished significant performance improvements over hte original Memcached in terms of latency and throughput. Our evaluation on the Titan supercomputer has also demonstrated that SHMEMCache can scale to 1024 nodes.
A mark-based interaction paradigm for free-hand drawing

We propose an interaction technique for editing splines that is aimed at professional graphic designers. These users do not take full advantage of existing spline editing software because their mental representations of drawings do not match the underlying conceptual model of the software. Although editing splines by specifying control points and tangents may be appropriate for engineers, graphic designers think more in terms of strokes, shapes, and gestures appropriate for editing drawings. Our interaction technique matches the latter model: curves can be edited by means of marks, similar to the way strokes are naturally overloaded when drawing on paper. We describe this interaction technique and the algorithms used for its implementation.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Blocking mimicry makes true and false smiles look the same Rychlowska

Recent research suggests that facial mimicry underlies accurate interpretation of subtle facial expressions. In three experiments, we manipulated mimicry and tested its role in judgments of the genuineness of true and false smiles. Experiment 1 used facial EMG to show that a new mouthguard technique for blocking mimicry modifies both the amount and the time course of facial reactions. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants rated true and false smiles either while wearing mouthguards or when allowed to freely mimic the smiles with or without additional distraction, namely holding a squeeze ball or wearing a finger-cuff heart rate monitor. Results showed that blocking mimicry compromised the decoding of true and false smiles such that they were judged as equally genuine. Together the experiments highlight the role of facial mimicry in judging subtle meanings of facial expressions. Citation: Rychlowska M, Cañadas E, Wood A, Krumhuber EG, Fischer A, et al. (2014) Blocking Mimicry Makes True and False Smiles Look the Same. PLoS ONE 9(3): e90876. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0090876 Editor: Marco Iacoboni, UCLA, United States of America Received November 30, 2013; Accepted February 4, 2014; Published March 26, 2014 Copyright: 2014 Rychlowska et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Open Research Area (ORA) in Europe for the Social Sciences (ANR-DFG-ESRC-NOW) ‘‘The Body in Embodiment: Specifying the Role of Peripheral Input in Grounded Cognition’’. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: magdalena.rychlowska@gmail.com
Tagging Using Deep Recurrent Nets with GRUs

Opinion tagging is an important task when distinguishing features of a product or a service in reviews, or filtering and summarizing a large body of text for personal perspectives. We strive to attain the performance level of conditional random fields for structural prediction of agent, attitude and target tags using neural networks. The models we constructed and evaluated include a softmax regression baseline, a deep bidirectional recurrent network, and an extension using gated recurrent units instead of ReLU nonlinearities for the bidirectional RNN. For more complicated classifications where local dependencies are not present, the GRU model outperforms DRNN by a small margin. It is important to acknowledge that development classification tags are not objective and debatable by human classifiers, since the subject is quite complex and above concrete syntactic features. However, for simpler tasks such as opinion agent labels, DRNN performs significantly better.
How do ICT firms react to convergence? an analysis of diversification strategies

Convergence represents a dominant force in the evolution of the ICT industry. Under convergence, the identification and analysis of strategies to efficiently leverage firm resources and to configure firm cooperations represents a challenging task. Diversification is considered a central firm strategy with regard to convergence. Former research has mainly focused on the phenomenon of ICT convergence per se. In this article, we analyse how ICT firms react to convergence. Network analysis techniques are applied to assess the degree to which ICT market segments are exposed to convergence. Based on this assessment, we evaluate firm diversification strategies under convergence with a focus on diversification objectives and firm performance. The data analysis provides two major implications. Firstly, convergence creates synergy potentials for diversifying ICT firms. Secondly, diversification does not generally allow ICT firms, which are exposed to convergence, a more efficient application of resources. Even though the term convergence is often cited in ICT research, empirical analyses addressing ICT convergence and firm strategies are rather scarce. This work provides such an analysis by applying a novel research approach based on network analysis.
High Performance Associative Memory : Practical Generalizations of the Hamming Net

Project Summary The goal of this project was to investigate new approaches for designing associative neural memories to overcome some of the well known problems of existing models, such as limited capacity, low or unquantifiable error correction capability, large number of spurious memories, and impractical hardware implementation. In terms of hardware implementation, difficulties arise either from requiring complicated hardware or else requiring an excessive number of interconnec-tion weights (for example, fully interconnected architectures). To address these problem, we proposed a class of associative memory architectures, performed a theoretical analysis, and did extensive testing and simulation on a difficult and real-world problem: human face recognition. Also as part of this project, we constructed a database of human face images suitable for associative memory research. In terms of architecture, we proposed a class of associative memory models which generalize the operation of the Hamming associative memory. Four different models were constructed: Grounded Hamming Memory, Cellular Hamming Memory, Decoupled Hamming Memory, and Two-level decoupled Hamming Memory. The grounded Hamming memory is similar to the Ham-ming associative memory, but allows for a ground state which attracts all states with very low signal to noise ratio. The cellular Hamming memory utilizes local Hamming distance measures rather than a global Hamming distance measure, leading to a cellular network architecture which is more amenable to VLSI hardware implementation and fine-grained parallel implementations. The decoupled Hamming memory also uses local Hamming distance computations, but requires less hardware than the cellular Hamming memory because the local windows do not overlap. Finally, the two-level decoupled Hamming memory combines the decoupled Hamming distance computations with a higher-level decision making stage. For the two-level decoupled Hamming network, and in the case of random and binary memory patterns, we were able to derive a theoretical analysis to characterize its memory capacity and error correction capability as a function of system dimension, window size, and input noise level. The analysis also characterizes the expected number of votes that each image in the memory set will receive. We did extensive simulation and testing of the proposed models. Simulation results were shown to be in close agreement with the theoretical results. More importantly, the capacity of the two-level decoupled Hamming memory was shown to be substantially larger than other single layer neural net memories, such as the Hopfield network. In addition to measuring capacity, we applied the two-level memory to an important and difficult real-world problem: …
Multi-channel Media Access Control for Wireless Sensor Networks: A survey

This paper deals with multi-channel Media Access Control (MAC) protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We first give an overview of multi-channel communication in WSNs and propose the classification of existing multi-channel MAC protocols for WSNs. Then, we describe briefly three representative protocols by stating their essential behavior and emphasizing their strengths and weaknesses.
Trade Flow Dynamics with Heterogeneous Firms

We use a two-country, stochastic, general equilibrium model of international trade and macroeconomic dynamics with monopolistic competition and heterogeneous firms to explore the role of entry in the domestic economy and the extensive margin of international trade in the dynamics of U.S. trade flows over the business cycle. We show that the model can reproduce the evidence on the cyclicality of U.S. trade and important features of the evidence on the extensive margins of domestic entry and international trade. Entry in the domestic economy and the implied differences in the timing of export and import expansions in response to favorable productivity shocks provide the key mechanism for the model's ability to explain this range of stylized facts.
Challenges in the management of high-performance computing centers: An organizational perspective

To deliver consistently, high performance computing (HPC) centers must execute in both technical and organizational domains. While the technical domain certainly involves formidable challenges, scholars have indicated that organizational challenges in HPC can be equally complex and problematic. HPC centers represent a unique form of organizing and there is very little research into the way they are managed and how this management can potentially be improved. In this paper, we present findings from an in-depth exploratory study often diverse HPC centers. Drawing a variety of traditions in organizational scholarship, we identify three domains that present significant management challenges for HPC centers: (1) governance; (2) resource acquisition and allocation; and (3) infrastructural innovation and collaboration. We conclude by detailing subsequent steps in this research program.
De Novo Polymerase Activity and Oligomerization of Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA-Polymerases from Genotypes 1 to 5

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) shows a great geographical diversity reflected in the high number of circulating genotypes and subtypes. The response to HCV treatment is genotype specific, with the predominant genotype 1 showing the lowest rate of sustained virological response. Virally encoded enzymes are candidate targets for intervention. In particular, promising antiviral molecules are being developed to target the viral NS3/4A protease and NS5B polymerase. Most of the studies with the NS5B polymerase have been done with genotypes 1b and 2a, whilst information about other genotypes is scarce. Here, we have characterized the de novo activity of NS5B from genotypes 1 to 5, with emphasis on conditions for optimum activity and kinetic constants. Polymerase cooperativity was determined by calculating the Hill coefficient and oligomerization through a new FRET-based method. The Vmax/Km ratios were statistically different between genotype 1 and the other genotypes (p<0.001), mainly due to differences in Vmax values, but differences in the Hill coefficient and NS5B oligomerization were noted. Analysis of sequence changes among the studied polymerases and crystal structures show the αF helix as a structural component probably involved in NS5B-NS5B interactions. The viability of the interaction of αF and αT helixes was confirmed by docking studies and calculation of electrostatic surface potentials for genotype 1 and point mutants corresponding to mutations from different genotypes. Results presented in this study reveal the existence of genotypic differences in NS5B de novo activity and oligomerization. Furthermore, these results allow us to define two regions, one consisting of residues Glu128, Asp129, and Glu248, and the other consisting of residues of αT helix possibly involved in NS5B-NS5B interactions.
Dialogical Meetings in Social Networks

This book describes and analyses two dialogic network practices: 'Open Dialogues' - developed for use in psychiatric crisis situations - and 'Anticipation Dialogues' - used in less acute situations such as multi-agency muddles where the helper systems are stuck. The book is both theoretical and detailed enough for practitioners who wish to apply the approaches to their work. It is meant for professionals in the fields of psycho-social work - including therapists to day care personnel, social workers to school teachers, - researchers, and academics. As the book touches upon dialogues with and within private networks, the book reaches out to clients, too.
The importance (impact) of knowledge at the macro‐micro levels in Sudan

In this paper we provide a new contribution and fill the gap in the Sudanese literature by investigating the importance (impact) of tacit and codified sources of knowledge at the micro and macro levels in Sudan using new primary data from the firm survey (2010) at the micro level and secondary data at the macro level respectively. Our results at the macro level are consistent with the notion that tacit knowledge and codified sources of knowledge are positively and significantly correlated and complementary with both schooling years and GDP growth (economic growth rate). Moreover, we find that at the macro level codified knowledge and the number of FTER show significant positive correlations with technology (patents). Furthermore, our results at the macro level show significant positive complementary relationships between codified knowledge and the number of FTER, which we interpret as a complementary relationship between tacit knowledge and codified knowledge. Moreover, at the micro (firm) level, we illustrate the importance of tacit knowledge, and we illustrate that tacit knowledge is positively and significantly correlated with technology (expenditures on ICT) and upskilling (expenditures on training), output (defined by total sales value), output diversification, productivity and profit. In addition, we find that at the micro (firm) level, tacit and codified knowledge show positive significant correlations with total capital, and firm size. We explain positive correlations between knowledge and various variables at the micro and macro levels. Therefore, further incentives should be provided to improve tacit and codified sources of knowledge at the macro and micro levels. Our results are consistent with the findings in the knowledge literature, another implication is that since tacit knowledge is often embodied in educated people and so in human capital, the positive impact of tacit knowledge also implies the importance of a good education at the micro and macro levels.
A Tree.Trellis Based Fast Search for Finding the N Best Sentence Hypotheses in Continuous Speech Recognition

A novel tree-trellis based fast search for finding the N-best sentence hypotheses in continuous speech recognition is presented. The search consists of a forward time-synchronous trellis search and a backward time-asynchronous tree search. The Viterbi algorithm is used for recording the scores of all partial paths in a trellis time synchronously. Then a backward A* algorithm based tree search is used to extend partial paths time asynchronously. Extended partial paths in the backward tree search are rank ordered in a stack by their corresponding best possible scores of the remaining paths which are prerecorded in the forward trellis path map. In each path growing cycle, the current best partial path, which is at the top of the stack, is extended by the best possible one arc (word) extension. The tree-trellis search is different from the traditional time synchronous Viterbi search in its ability to find not just the best but the N best paths of different word content. <<ETX>>
Antitumor mechanism research of cryptotanshinone by module-based network analysis

Cryptotanshinone (CPT) is one of the major liposoluble ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza which exerts antitumor activity on several types of cancers. However, the action mechanism of CPT remained to be clarified. The current study aimed to elucidate the antitumor mechanism of CPT based on the protein interaction network (PIN) analysis. A PIN of CPT was constructed with 244 nodes and 778 interactions, and was analyzed by Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis based on Markov Cluster algorithm (MCL). Two modules were found to be intimately associated with antitumor. Still further, the antitumor effect of CPT may be partly attributable to inhibiting the activation of the c-Src pathway and overexpression of EGFR, to mediating overexpression of PIAS and activation of EIF2AK3. Therefore, this study may shed new light on the antitumor mechanism and treatment of CPT.
XPath processing in a nutshell

We provide a concise yet complete formal definition of the semantics of XPath 1 and summarize efficient algorithms for processing queries in this language. Our presentation is intended both for the reader who is looking for a short but comprehensive formal account of XPath as well as the software developer in need of material that facilitates the rapid implementation of XPath engines.