Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Supervisor Support and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Role of Organizational Commitment

This article examines the relationship between perceived supervisor support (PSS) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and the mediating role of organizational commitment in this relationship. The moderating effect of organizational tenure on the relationship between PSS and organizational commitment was also tested. Based on 238 responses from Chinese employees, the author performed hierarchical regression analyses to examine the mediation (also bootstrapping analyses) and moderation models. Results showed that employees perceiving more support from the supervisor were more likely to conduct OCB, and this greater likelihood, to a large extent, was realized through employees’ commitment to the organization. The relationship between PSS and organizational commitment was stronger among employees with longer tenure.
How To Become a Top Model: Impact of Animal Experimentation on Human Salmonella Disease Research

ABSTRACT Salmonella serotypes are a major cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past decades, a series of animal models have been developed to advance vaccine development, provide insights into immunity to infection, and study the pathogenesis of human Salmonella disease. The successive introduction of new animal models, each suited to interrogate previously neglected aspects of Salmonella disease, has ushered in important conceptual advances that continue to have a strong and sustained influence on the ideas driving research on Salmonella serotypes. This article reviews important milestones in the use of animal models to study human Salmonella disease and identify research needs to guide future work.
Metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer risk.

BACKGROUND Various studies reported direct associations between endometrial cancer risk and individual components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), i.e. obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, but only a few epidemiological studies considered the association with MetS overall. METHODS We analyzed data from a case-control study including 454 women with incident endometrial cancer and 798 controls admitted to the same hospitals as cases for acute conditions. Different definitions of MetS were considered, including a combination of self-reported history of diabetes, drug-treated hypertension, drug-treated hyperlipidemia, and various measures of (central) obesity. Odds ratios (ORs) were computed from unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for major confounding factors. RESULTS The multivariate ORs of endometrial cancer were 2.18 for type 2 diabetes, 1.77 for hypertension, 1.20 for hyperlipidemia, between 1.62 and 2.23 for various definitions of central obesity, and 3.83 for women with a body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m(2). The risk of endometrial cancer was significantly increased for subjects with MetS, the ORs ranging between 1.67 and 2.77 when waist circumference was included in MetS definition, and 8.40 when BMI was considered instead. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates a direct association between various MetS components, besides overweight, with the risk of endometrial cancer.
Classification of micro-Doppler signatures of human motions using log-Gabor filters

In recent years, Doppler radar has been used as a sensing modality for human gait recognition, due to its ability to operate in adverse weather and penetrate opaque obstacles. Doppler radar captures not only the speed of the target, but also the micro-motions of its moving parts. These micro-motions induce frequency modulations that can be used to characterise the target movements. However, a major challenge in Doppler signal processing is to extract discriminative features from the radar returns for target classification. This study presents a feature extraction method for classification of human motions from the micro-Doppler radar signal. The proposed method applies the log-Gabor filters at multiple spatial frequencies and orientations on a joint time–frequency representation. To achieve invariance to the target speed, features are extracted from local patches along the torso Doppler shift. Then, the (2D)2PCA (two-directional two-dimensional principal component analysis) method is applied to create a compact feature vector. Experimental results based on real radar data obtained from multiple human subjects demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in classifying arm motions.
Intergroup Conflict and Group Targets of Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Conflict between groups in organizations is an undeniable facet of organizational life. With the growth of team-based organizations, it is important to know the effects of conflict between groups on intergroup relations, especially in terms of behaviours between groups. This study examines the relationship between two types of intergroup conflict (realistic conflict and relative deprivation) and the exhibition of organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) towards the outgroup in the conflict. Realistic conflict and fraternal relative deprivation were framed as threats to members' identification with their group and were hypothesized to decrease willingness to engage in OCB targeted towards the outgroup. A significant interaction effect was found for the two types of conflict, consistent with the hypothesis. However, hypothesized main effects of the two types of conflict were not significant, and the relationship between realistic conflict and OCB was opposite of the predicted direction. These results and possible explanations and implications are discussed.
Compensation mechanism in tumor cell migration

Invasive tumor dissemination in vitro and in vivo involves the proteolytic degradation of ECM barriers. This process, however, is only incompletely attenuated by protease inhibitor–based treatment, suggesting the existence of migratory compensation strategies. In three-dimensional collagen matrices, spindle-shaped proteolytically potent HT-1080 fibrosarcoma and MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cells exhibited a constitutive mesenchymal-type movement including the coclustering of β1 integrins and MT1–matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) at fiber bindings sites and the generation of tube-like proteolytic degradation tracks. Near-total inhibition of MMPs, serine proteases, cathepsins, and other proteases, however, induced a conversion toward spherical morphology at near undiminished migration rates. Sustained protease-independent migration resulted from a flexible amoeba-like shape change, i.e., propulsive squeezing through preexisting matrix gaps and formation of constriction rings in the absence of matrix degradation, concomitant loss of clustered β1 integrins and MT1-MMP from fiber binding sites, and a diffuse cortical distribution of the actin cytoskeleton. Acquisition of protease-independent amoeboid dissemination was confirmed for HT-1080 cells injected into the mouse dermis monitored by intravital multiphoton microscopy. In conclusion, the transition from proteolytic mesenchymal toward nonproteolytic amoeboid movement highlights a supramolecular plasticity mechanism in cell migration and further represents a putative escape mechanism in tumor cell dissemination after abrogation of pericellular proteolysis.
Deriving a Lexicon for a Precision Grammar from Language Documentation Resources: A Case Study of Chintang

Language documentation projects typically invest a lot of effort in creating digitized lexical resources, which are used in the creation of dictionaries and in the glossing of collected texts. We present and evaluate a methodology for repurposing such a lexical resource developed for Chintang (ISO639-3: ctn), a language of Nepal, for use with a precision implemented grammar developed in the DELPH-IN formalism. The target lexicon, when combined with a set of morphological rules, achieves 57% type-level coverage and 50% token-level coverage of held-out texts, while maintaining a feature-level accuracy F-measure of 70%. As lexicon development is typically one of the most expensive aspects of creating a precision grammar, this represents a significant savings of effort.
Participation in breast cancer susceptibility testing protocols: influence of recruitment source, altruism, and family involvement on women's decisions.

OBJECTIVES We offered education, counseling, and family-based BRCA1/2 testing to women at increased risk of breast cancer and assessed (a) their reasons for participating and (b) whether source of recruitment, desire to help research (altruism), and the need to communicate with their affected relative about testing distinguish those who did and those who did not complete each phase of our protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS We sent invitations to 403 women who had completed a questionnaire on BRCA1/2 testing, 178 of whom were considered high risk because they had more than one relative on the same side of the family with early-onset breast cancer. RESULTS Among the 132 high-risk respondents from the mid-Atlantic states (where testing was offered), 36% (n = 47) were interested in counseling. Those who actually attended counseling were more likely to have some college education, a higher perceived risk of breast cancer, and a greater fear of stigma and were less likely to have a daughter than those who did not attend. The reasons for attending that were rated "very important" were to learn about the test (80%), to have the test (43%), and to help research (38%). High-risk women were eligible for testing only if their affected relative was willing to be tested and tested positive. After the session, 83% intended to ask their affected relative to be tested, but only half of the affected relatives actually came for pretest counseling. The proportion of participants who ultimately involved an affected relative was 2.5 times higher among women from a clinical population (25%) than among those from a registry population (10%); in this latter population, an altruistic desire to help research was a greater motivator for participation than interest in being tested. CONCLUSIONS Source of recruitment influences both motivations to attend education and counseling and actual testing behavior. These results have implications for interpretation of findings from studies in research settings as well as for informed consent and decision-making in the context of family-based testing.
N,N-Diethylanilinium 2,4-dioxo-5-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-6-olate

In the crystal structure of the title molecular salt, C10H16N+·C10H4N5O9 −, the components are linked through a N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. R 2 2(8) ring motifs are formed between inversion-related barbiturate residues. Two intramoleculer N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed in the anion. The dihedral angle between 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl and barbiturate rings is 53.6 (2)°. The N,N-diethylamine substituent is disordered and was modeled as two geometrically equivalent conformers with occupancies of 0.737 (2) and 0.273 (2).
Matching in the Large: An Experimental Study

Market size has been predicted to play an influential role in a broad class of environments. We study performance of the Boston and the Deferred Acceptance (DA) mechanism in a laboratory where we increase the market size. Our results show that increasing the market size from 4 to 40 students per match increases participant truth-telling under the DA but decreases it under the Boston mechanism, leading to a decrease in efficiency for both mechanisms but no change in the large stability advantage of the DA over the Boston mechanism. We then further increase the market size to 4,000 by introducing robots. When humans play truthful robots (without strategic uncertainty), we find that scale has no effect on best response behavior. However, when humans play empirical robots (with strategic uncertainty), scale increases best responses under both mechanisms, which is likely due to the increase in the precision of subjects’ beliefs about others’ strategies.
The CONSORT Statement: Revised Recommendations for Improving the Quality of Reports of Parallel-Group Randomized Trials

Correction Contact me if this article is corrected. Citations Contact me when this article is cited. This article has been cited 782 times. Topic collections Contact me when new articles are published in these topic areas. Statistics and Research Methods; Randomized Controlled Trial Journalology/ Peer Review/ Authorship; Quality of Care; Quality of Care, Other; the same issue Related Articles published in
Towards an Infrastructure Description Language for Modeling Computing Infrastructures

This paper describes the Infrastructure and Network Description Language (INDL). The aim of INDL is to provide technology independent descriptions of computing infrastructures. These descriptions include the physical resources and the network infrastructure that connects these resources. The description language also provides the necessary vocabulary to describe virtualization of resources and the services offered by these resources. Furthermore, the language can be easily extended to describe federation of different existing computing infrastructures, specific types of (optical) equipment and also behavioral aspects of resources, for example, their energy consumption. Before we introduce INDL we first discuss a number of modeling efforts that have lead to the development of INDL, namely the Network Description Language, the Network Markup Language and the CineGrid Description Language. We also show current applications of INDL in two EU-FP7 projects: NOVI and GEYSERS. We demonstrate the flexibility and extensibility of INDL to cater the specific needs of these two projects.
A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons

Neurons in inferior temporal (IT) cortex exhibit selectivity for complex visual stimuli and can maintain activity during the delay following the presentation of a stimulus in delayed match to sample tasks. Experimental work in awake monkeys has shown that the responses of IT neurons decline during presentation of stimuli which have been seen recently (within the past few seconds). In addition, experiments have found that the responses of IT neurons to visual stimuli also decline as the stimuli become familiar, independent of recency. Here a biologically based neural network simulation is used to model these effects primarily through two processes. The recency effects are caused by adaptation due to a calcium-dependent potassium current, and the familiarity effects are caused by competitive self-organization of modifiable feedforward synapses terminating on IT cortex neurons.
Static performance analysis of electric propulsion system in quadrotors

This paper describes the selection of brushless motors, propellers and battery for getting maximum time of hover for a quadrotor UAV. We also introduce a experimental testbed to measure various parameters of the system like torque, thrust, RPM, current and voltage. The static testbed is directly interfaced through MATLAB for real time data acquisition. We tested different motor and propeller combinations to find the relation of their various parameters with efficiency and static coefficients.
Speaker identification using pseudo pitch synchronized phase information in noisy environments

In conventional speaker identification methods based on mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), phase information is ignored. Recent studies have shown that phase information contains speaker dependent characteristics, and, pitch synchronous phase information is more suitable for speaker identification. In this paper, we verify the effectiveness of pitch synchronous phase information for speaker identification in noisy environments. Experiments were conducted using the JNAS (Japanese Newspaper Article Sentence) database. The pseudo pitch synchronized phase information based method achieved a relative speaker identification error reduction rate of 15.5% compared to the conventional phase information (that is pitch non-synchronized phase). By cutting frames with low power and combining phase information with MFCC, a furthermore improvement was obtained.
Teaching in informal learning environments as a means for promoting inclusive education

The idea of inclusive education has featured very highly in the educational priorities of many educational systems. However, the same educational systems are often criticised because of the failings of their teachers to respond to inclusive environments of learning, where all children, despite their different abilities, receive equal opportunities in teaching and learning. In one of our previous pieces of research the theme of informal learning environments arose as a factor that influenced inclusive education. Based on this finding, we go further and explore this theme in greater depth in this article. Data collected via qualitative research methods from three primary schools in Cyprus indicate that teaching in informal learning environments helps improve inclusive education. Further, it became apparent that certain factors helped in the successful teaching in informal learning environments. These factors were related to teachers' beliefs about effective teaching and the ways in which these beliefs found.
Treatment of autistic disorder.

OBJECTIVE To present an overview of a variety of treatment approaches in individuals with autistic disorder. METHOD Selected studies and articles are reviewed. RESULTS In the past three decades, great progress has been made in the treatment of autistic disorder, particularly in the area of education and parental involvement, with the objective to transfer to home and in other situations learning acquired in school. A role for psychoactive agents, when combined with psychosocial treatments, has been identified. CONCLUSIONS Although considerable advances have been made in a variety of interventions-educational, psychosocial, and biological-knowledge about the comparative and combined efficacy of the various treatment modalities is lacking. From the parents' perspective, particularly, support and continuity of services require improvement.
A high-resolution pore water sampler for sandy sediments

In this paper, we present a new technique for collecting pore-water samples in coarseto fine-grained sandy sediments. We have used the technique both for in situ sampling and for pore-water extraction from sediment cores brought back to the laboratory, in both cases with a depth resolution as fine as 1 cm. The key device is a long, thin (;2 mm) stainless steel tube with a specially designed tip that functions as a filter. Pore-water samples are collected by inserting the tube into the sediment at the desired depth and applying a light suction from a syringe connected to the tube. The sample is injected immediately into a vial through a syringe filter and stored for later analysis. The technique has some clear advantages over other methods that are used commonly in sandy sediments. In comparison with lysimeters or sippers, it gives pore-water samples with a much higher depth resolution, which often is needed to accurately estimate fluxes across the sediment-water interface or transformation rates of solutes within the sediments. In comparison with dialysis cells or peepers, the new technique gives measurements that truly represent the time of collection. This can be crucial when non– steady-state systems are studied. Furthermore, disturbance of the sediment is minimal because of the small dimension of the tube. This is especially important in vegetated sediments, in which the deployment of larger conventional samplers is likely to cause significant disturbance. Finally, sample extraction is less laborious than other techniques, requiring only one site visit and typically ,1 min of sampling time per sample. In laboratory tests using a dye tracer, we showed that pore water was drawn evenly toward the tube tip from all directions in the surrounding sediment. On the basis of these results, we provide guidelines for choosing the appropriate sampling depth intervals as a function of the sample size. Data from representative pore-water profiles are presented for PO4 from vegetated coarse-grained carbonate sediments in the Bahamas and NH4 from fine-grained unvegetated sands in a temperate coastal lagoon in Virginia. Concentration profiles of pore water in sediments are used extensively in studies of biogeochemical processes. Vertical gradients of pore-water solutes have been used to calculate fluxes across the sediment-water interface (Glud et al. 1995; Charpy-Roubaud et al. 1996; Urban et al. 1997). Furthermore, estimates of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus transformations within the sediments, such as mineralization, denitrification, and benthic photosynthesis, can be obtained from the profile curvature (Revsbech et al. 1981; Dalsgaard and Revsbech 1992; Berg et al. 1998; McGlathery et al. pers. comm.). Microelectrodes (Revsbech et al. 1980) provide an
The functional autonomy of motives.

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Thiazide-Like Diuretics Attenuate Agonist-Induced Vasoconstriction by Calcium Desensitization Linked to Rho Kinase

Lowering blood pressure using thiazide-like diuretics, including chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide, has been proven to be effective in clinical studies. However, the mechanisms by which thiazide-like diuretics lower blood pressure are still poorly understood. To evaluate whether thiazide-like diuretics cause calcium desensitization in smooth muscle cells, we measured their effects on agonist-induced increase of blood pressure in Wistar rats in vivo and on agonist-induced vasoconstriction of aortic rings, DNA synthesis, and protein synthesis, RhoA, Rho kinase, and intracellular calcium in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Thiazide-like diuretics significantly attenuated angiotensin II–induced or norepinephrine-induced increase of systolic blood pressure in rats. Thiazide-like diuretics inhibited agonist-induced vasoconstriction of aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner in the presence and absence of endothelium. The inhibitory effects of thiazide-like diuretics were similar to that of the specific Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632. RT-PCR and immunoblotting showed that RhoA and Rho kinase were significantly reduced in vascular smooth muscle cells after administration of thiazide-like diuretics. In contrast, thiazide-like diuretics did not affect protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) expression. Agonist-induced changes of intracellular calcium were not affected by thiazide-like diuretics. The study indicates that thiazide-like diuretics inhibit agonist-induced vasoconstriction by calcium desensitization in smooth muscle cells linked to the Rho–Rho kinase pathway.