Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reasons to bed-share: Why parents sleep with their infants

The pros and cons of parent-infant bed-sharing have been hotly debated in both the academic and professional literature concerning infant health and early parenting. Much of the debate has focused on data from the US, and little research has examined parents' motives for sleeping with their infants. This paper examines parental bed-sharing practices with young infants in North Tees, UK. We found that bed-sharing was a common night-time care-giving strategy, and the reasons articulated by parents for bed-sharing with their small infants were varied. There was a particularly strong association between bed-sharing and breastfeeding; however, infant irritability or illness was also a frequently given reason for bed-sharing, and a number of other reasons emerged.We conclude it is important that circumstance and motivation are considered in assessments of bed-sharing safety, and parental reasons for bed-sharing are acknowledged in formulating advice for parents regarding bed-sharing.
One-Step Deblurring and Denoising Color Images Using Partial Differential Equations

nonlinear diffusion filtering, deblurring, denoising An implicit, one-step method for the restoration of blurred and noisy color images is presented. Using a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE)-based variational restoration approach, it is shown that a single iteration yields a result that is visually superior to performing Gaussian low-pass filtering, followed up by unsharp masking, a conventional linear process. The governing equation is constructed by examining ways to achieve the optimal balance between the two competitive forces, that of denoising and deblurring, at the same time. For the solution, the additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme is implemented, which allows the separation of spatial variables. A stable and efficient algorithm results from the decomposition of the problem, that has recently been developed for denoising without deblurring. Deblurring is added to denoising in such a way that the tridiagonal structure in each one of the dimensions is preserved, so that the algorithm remains inexpensive despite the matrix inversions. Results indicate that this one-step implementation yields a robust filter that can be tuned to preprocess images for various applications.
Effects of Brand Local and Nonlocal Origin on Consumer Attitudes in Developing Countries

This study tested whether, among consumers in developing countries, brands perceived as having a nonlocal country of origin, especially from the West, are attitudinally preferred to brands seen as local, for reasons not only of perceived quality but also of social status. We found that this perceived brand nonlocalness effect was greater for consumers who have a greater admiration for lifestyles in economically developed countries, which is consistent with findings from the cultural anthropology literature. The effect was also found to be stronger for consumers who were high in susceptibility to normative influence and for product categories high in social signaling value. This effect was also moderated by product category familiarity, but not by consumer ethnocentrism. The results, thus, suggest that in developing countries, a brand's country of origin not only serves as a “quality halo” or summary of product quality (cf. Han, 1989), but also possesses a dimension of nonlocalness that, among some consumers and for some product categories, contributes to attitudinal liking for status-enhancing reasons.
Painterly rendering with coherence for augmented reality

A seamless blending of the real and virtual worlds is key to increased immersion and improved user experiences for augmented reality (AR). Photorealistic and non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) are two ways to achieve this goal. Non-photorealistic rendering creates an abstract version of both the real and virtual world by stylization to make them indistinguishable. We present a painterly rendering algorithm for AR applications. This algorithm paints composed AR video frames with bump-mapping curly brushstrokes. Tensor fields are created for each frame to define the direction for the brushstrokes. We use tensor field pyramids to interpolate sparse tensor field values over the frame to avoid the numeric problems caused by global radial basis interpolation in existing algorithms. Due to the characteristics of AR applications we use only information from the current frame and previous frame to provide temporal coherence in two ways for the painted video. First, brushstroke anchors are warped from the previous frame to the current frame based on their neighbor feature points. Second, brushstroke appearances are reshaped by blending two parameterized brushstrokes to achieve better temporal coherence. Themajor difference between our algorithmand existing NPR work in general graphics and AR/VR areas is that we use feature points across AR frames to maintain coherence in the rendering. The use of tensor field pyramids and extra properties of brushstrokes, such as cut-off angles, are also novel features that extend exiting NPR algorithms.
What about negotiator styles

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review research on styles of negotiating and distinguish them from conflict styles and individual difference measures studied in negotiation contexts.Design/methodology/approach – The literature on negotiating styles is reviewed, a model is presented that synthesizes previous research, and suggestions for future research are presented.Findings – Previous research has predominantly considered leadership styles in terms of the five conflict‐handling styles (collaborating, competing, compromising, accommodating, and avoiding) from the Dual Concerns Model. While this focus has been useful, the paper also points out that other measures exist that may be more useful for understanding negotiating styles, although they have yet to be validated.Originality/value – Negotiating styles, as distinct patterns of behavior, are critical for understanding effective negotiations as well as being able to train students in negotiation skills.
The public health dogma of evidence-based mental disorders prevention and mental health promotion: French professionals’ beliefs in regard to parenting programs

Abstract In the last few years, various international public health organizations such as the World Health Organization or the European Commission have recommended the worldwide dissemination of evidence-based mental health prevention programs. This public health ideal, relying on new scientific disciplines, is at the origin of multiple controversies in a number of countries. This article contributes to bring a reflection on the ways political experts, researchers and practitioners have integrated these new preventive strategies. More precisely, the objective is to present and to discuss the results of a qualitative study on French professionals’ representations and theoretical perspectives with regards to evidencebased parenting programs. Results are based on ethnographical inquiries in French public health institutions and on 12 semi-structured interviews with professionals. The results demonstrate three ways to conceive parenting support, themselves attached to distinct anthropological, socio-political and interventional models.
Meaning, metaphor, and interpretation: Modeling new worlds

Abstract Metaphor is founded in the logic of otherness and excess and involves a movement of displacement that leads sense outside the sphere of the same, the commonplace, plain meaning. The processes of metaphorization activate interpretive trajectories in the sign network that may be distant from each other, and favor the migration of sense through interpretive and translative processes among signs. Associations and interconnections are created in the sign network on the basis of similarity understood à la Peirce in terms of affinity and attraction. Such associations are not only of the analogical type but also of the homological. Metaphor is structural to the acquisition of knowledge, to inferential procedure; it is the place where sense is generated in human language systems. The capacity for metaphor is specifically human and is connected with the human primary modeling device, the human capacity for creativity, innovation, the play of musement.
Effectiveness of evaluation function and permutation GA in multimodal consecutive meals planning

The consecutive meals planning is a combinatorial optimization problem that determines a meals plan on a long period consisting of consecutive days. A meal is characterized in different characteristics such as food style, ingredient, and cooking method. For the problem, this paper proposes an evaluation function using information entropies on moving intervals. The function measures the appearance order of meal's characteristics on the plan. In addition, we design a specific genotype of a permutation GA and apply it to this problem. In the numerical experiments, we show that the consecutive meals planning employing our function can be viewed as a multimodal problem and then show that our meals plan obtained by the permutation GA is a good solution with large variation of appearance order of meal's characteristics.
A Genetic Algorithm for the Global Planning Problem of UMTS Networks

The ultimate objective of network planning is to achieve the best performance and profitability with the minimum network investment. In this paper, we investigate the use of the genetic algorithm in order to find "good" feasible solution for the global topology planning problem of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks. The latter has been shown to be NP-hard as it is composed of three different subproblems (each one being NP-hard): the cell planning problem, the access network planning problem and the core network planning problem. As a result, we concentrate our effort on the development of an approximate approach based on the genetic algorithm. Numerical results show that quasi-optimal solutions (on average, within 2.56 ± 1.01% of the optimal solution) can be found by using the genetic algorithm with a relatively short computation time compared to CPLEX.
A flexible response: person‐centred support and social inclusion for people with learning disabilities and challenging behaviour

Accessible summary • Everyone has the right to be in their community, and some people need extra help to make sure this happens. • Services should be based on what people like to do with the support they need to do things safely. • Staff working in services should all work together whatever their role is, to make sure all people with learning disabilities get what they need. Summary Social inclusion and citizenship form the key objective of Valuing People Now (2009), but achieving this meaningfully with people whose behaviour can challenge services remains elusive for many services. This article describes the philosophy, development, operationalisation and evaluation of a person-centred day opportunities and supported lifestyle service which is successfully placing service users at the heart of their local community. Its innovation lies in embedding clinical input directly in the support model, creating interdependent partnership working across agencies and developing frontline staff to become highly skilled practitioners.
In vitro cytotoxicity of four calcium silicate-based endodontic cements on human monocytes, a colorimetric MTT assay

Objectives This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four calcium silicate-based endodontic cements at different storage times after mixing. Materials and Methods Capillary tubes were filled with Biodentine (Septodont), Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM cement, BioniqueDent), Tech Biosealer Endo (Tech Biosealer) and ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental). Empty tubes and tubes containing Dycal were used as negative and positive control groups respectively. Filled capillary tubes were kept in 0.2 mL microtubes and incubated at 37℃. Each material was divided into 3 groups for testing at intervals of 24 hr, 7 day and 28 day after mixing. Human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cocultered with 24 hr, 7 day and 28 day samples of different materials for 24 and 48 hr. Cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay. Results In all groups, the viability of monocytes significantly improved with increasing storage time regardless of the incubation time (p < 0.001). After 24 hr of incubation, there was no significant difference between the materials regarding monocyte viability. However, at 48 hr of incubation, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were less cytotoxic than CEM cement and Biosealer (p < 0.01). Conclusions Biodentine and ProRoot MTA had similar biocompatibility. Mixing ProRoot MTA with PBS in place of distilled water had no effect on its biocompatibility. Biosealer and CEM cement after 48 hr of incubation were significantly more cytotoxic to on monocyte cells compared to ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.
Predicting Student Attrition with Data Mining Methods

Affecting university rankings, school reputation, and financial well-being, student retention has become one of the most important measures of success for higher education institutions. From the institutional perspective, improving student retention starts with a thorough understanding of the causes behind the attrition. Such an understanding is the basis for accurately predicting at-risk students and appropriately intervening to retain them. In this study, using 8 years of institutional data along with three popular data mining techniques, we developed analytical models to predict freshmen student attrition. Of the three model types (artificial neural networks, decision trees, and logistic regression), artificial neural networks performed the best, with an 81% overall prediction accuracy on the holdout sample. The variable importance analysis of the models revealed that the educational and financial variables are the most important among the predictors used in this study.
Aggregating Non-Independent Dempster-Shafer Belief Structures

We suggest an approach to the aggregation of non-independent belief structures that makes use of a weighted aggregation of the belief structures where the weights are related to the degree of dependence. It is shown that this aggregation is non-commutative, the fused value depends on the sequencing of the evidences. We then consider the problem of how best to sequence the evidence. We investigate using the measure of information content of the fused value as a method for selecting the appropriate way to sequence the belief structures.
The reactions of articular cartilage to experimental wounding: role of apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To determine the cellular and matrix responses to experimental wounding of articular cartilage. METHODS Immature and mature bovine articular cartilage was used as an in vitro model system to study the cellular responses to cartilage wounding. Explant cultures were wounded centrally with a trephine and maintained for up to 10 days. TUNEL labeling together with ultrastructural analyses were used to assess the nature of the observed cell death. In vitro labeling with 3H-thymidine was used to detect cell proliferation, and 2 antibodies (COL2-3/4M and BC-13) were used to detect changes in matrix turnover. RESULTS Cell death was observed as a response to wounding and was considered to be a combination of necrosis and apoptosis. In immature tissue, cell death was more pronounced, particularly in the articular surface region. Within the area of cell death, many cells that did not die subsequently underwent proliferation. The collagenous network showed evidence of denaturation in the area of the wound, but "aggrecanase" activity was not detected. CONCLUSION There are 2 contrasting, but related, responses to cartilage wounding--apoptosis and proliferation. In order to improve cartilage repair, future studies need to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms that determine these responses.
The Effect of Oral Arginine During Energy Restriction in Male Weight Trainers

The hypothesis that oral arginine supplements increase growth hormone (GH) and influence body composition and muscle function was tested. Male weight trainers were divided into three groups of 6 each—control (Con), arginine supplemented (Arg), and placebo supplemented (Pla) and given a similar resistance exercise prescription. Con consumed food ad libitum throughout the experiment. Arg and Pla consumed a hypocaloric diet for 10 days following 1 week of a weight maintenance diet and were given supplements for each of those 10 days. Measurements made on Arg and Pla included hydrostatic weighing, nitrogen balance, resting IGF-1, and response of serum GH and arginine to supplement ingestion. Both groups reduced weight and body fat but maintained fat-free mass during the hypocaloric phase. They demonstrated a significant decrease in peak torque for the biceps and quadriceps. Neither supplement acutely affected serum GH or arginine over the 90 min after ingestion, nor resting IGF-1. There was no significant difference between groups in nitrogen balance. Thus the supplement had no influence on weight loss, fat or lean tissue loss, muscle function, or overall GH status.
Gender and ethnic/racial disparities in health care utilization among older adults.

OBJECTIVE We examine the role of economic access in gender and ethnic/racial disparities in the use of health services among older adults. METHODS Data from the 1993-1995 study on the Asset of Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) were used to investigate differences in the 2-year use of health services by gender and among non-Hispanic White versus minority (Hispanic and African American) ethnic/racial groups. Analyses account for predisposing factors, health needs, and economic access. RESULTS African American men had fewer physician contacts; minority and non-Hispanic White women used fewer hospital or outpatient surgery services; minority men used less outpatient surgery; and Hispanic women were less likely to use nursing home care, compared with non-Hispanic White men, controlling for predisposing factors and measures of need. Although economic access was related to some medical utilization, it had little effect on gender/ethnic disparities for services covered by Medicare. However, economic access accounted for minority disparities in dental care, which is not covered by Medicare. DISCUSSION Medicare plays a significant role in providing older women and minorities access to medical services. Significant gender and ethnic/racial disparities in use of medical services covered by Medicare were not accounted for by economic access among older adults with similar levels of health needs. Other cultural and attitudinal factors merit investigation to explain these gender/ethnic disparities.
Motivation in collaborative workplace learning : Can participatory methods increase motivations for learning ?

Motivational aspects are core to successful knowledge sharing and collaborative learning experiences. However, it still remains one of the great challenges to overcome motivational barriers when it comes to introducing information systems for collaborative learning at workplace. In the context of an international research project we have taken motivational aspects into account during the design phase and started a participatory process amongst researchers, end-users, managers, designers and developers. For the MATEL ’10 workshop we want to introduce our participatory design approach, the challenges we faced during it’s implementation and initial findings, which indicate that the continuous involvement especially of end-users contributes to creating a sense of ownership amongst them and becomes a motivational driver for the future use of the system.
Polarized cellular patterns of endocannabinoid production and detection shape cannabinoid signaling in neurons

Neurons display important differences in plasma membrane composition between somatodendritic and axonal compartments, potentially leading to currently unexplored consequences in G-protein-coupled-receptor signaling. Here, by using highly-resolved biosensor imaging to measure local changes in basal levels of key signaling components, we explored features of type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) signaling in individual axons and dendrites of cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Activation of endogenous CB1Rs led to rapid, Gi/o-protein- and cAMP-mediated decrease of cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) activity in the somatodendritic compartment. In axons, PKA inhibition was significantly stronger, in line with axonally-polarized distribution of CB1Rs. Conversely, inverse agonist AM281 produced marked rapid increase of basal PKA activation in somata and dendrites, but not in axons, removing constitutive activation of CB1Rs generated by local production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Interestingly, somatodendritic 2-AG levels differently modified signaling responses to CB1R activation by Δ9-THC, the psychoactive compound of marijuana, and by the synthetic cannabinoids WIN55,212-2 and CP55,940. These highly contrasted differences in sub-neuronal signaling responses warrant caution in extrapolating pharmacological profiles, which are typically obtained in non-polarized cells, to predict in vivo responses of axonal (i.e., presynaptic) GPCRs. Therefore, our results suggest that enhanced comprehension of GPCR signaling constraints imposed by neuronal cell biology may improve the understanding of neuropharmacological action.
Wellness and mattering: The role of holistic factors in job satisfaction.

A study was conducted with 82 employees in varied positions to determine the variance in job satisfaction that could be accounted for by holistic wellness and mattering. Results of regression analyses revealed that both wellness and mattering contributed significantly to the variance in job satisfaction; however, wellness was the stronger predictor. When block variables such as age and job tenure were held constant, the contributions of wellness and mattering to job satisfaction were not significant.
Experiences of Being Heterosexual Allies to Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People: A Qualitative Exploration

In this qualitative study, heterosexual professionals with an interest in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) issues were surveyed about their ally work with LGB people. Data were analyzed to describe participants' experiences. Results are discussed in terms of implications for counseling and student affairs professionals who engage in LGB-affirmative work.
The Social Construction of Trafficked Persons: An Analysis of the UN Protocol and the TVPA Definitions

This study is an investigation of the discourse surrounding trafficked persons. The U.S. federal government constructs human trafficking as “illegal immigration” and “prostitution. ” As such, it may prioritize punishing those who violate trafficking laws. In order to examine this, a content analysis was conducted examining the United Nations Protocol on Human Trafficking and the U.S. Trafficking Victims Protection Act. Findings suggest that the way in which these laws construct the meaning of trafficking and the surrounding discourse may be influenced by political agendas and subsequently may also influence the utilization of policies and the allocation of social services.