Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WHERE DO WE STAND? COMMON MECHANISMS IN ORGANIZATIONS AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS RESEARCH

The premise of this volume is that both organizations and social movements are forms of coordinated collective action and, therefore, ought to be conducive to similar forms of analysis (Perrow 2000: 472–4; Zald and Berger 1978). Furthermore, the editors and contributors suspect that if students of organizations and social movements paid closer attention to each other's work, then opportunities for creative conceptual and theoretical cross-fertilization might occur, and our understanding of both organizations and movements might improve. To date, researchers in these fields have made limited progress in this direction. A few organization theorists have used social movement theory to generate new hypotheses for organizational analysis and provide insights into the development of organizational forms (e.g., Davis and McAdam 2000; Davis and Thompson 1994; Lounsbury 2001; Rao et al. 2000). But they acknowledge that social movement theory still has been employed only intermittently to explain these and other organizational phenomena (Swaminathan and Wade 2001). Social movement theorists have been somewhat more ambitious in capitalizing on organizational analysis to explain how social movements emerge and develop (e.g., Clemens 1993, 1997: chap. 2). In particular, the resource mobilization tradition drew on organizational analysis to argue in part that social movement organizations, like many types of organizations, tend toward bureaucratization, professionalization, and conglomeration, and that these organizations often adjust their goals in order to better fit their resource environments and survive (Kriesi 1996; McCarthy and Zald 1973, 1977; Zald and Ash 1966).
X-ray Performance Evaluation of the Dexela CMOS APS X-ray Detector Using Monochromatic Synchrotron Radiation in the Mammographic Energy Range

Digital detectors based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOS) active pixel sensor (APS) technology have been introduced recently in many scientific applications. This work is focused on the X-ray performance evaluation of a novel CMOS APS detector in low energy medical imaging applications using monochromatic synchrotron radiation (i.e., 17-35 keV), which also allows studying how the performance varies with energy. The CMOS sensor was coupled to a Thallium-activated structured cesium iodide (CsI:Tl) scintillator and the detector's X-ray performance evaluation was carried out in terms of sensitivity, presampling modulation transfer function (pMTF), normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) and the resulting detective quantum efficiency (DQE). A Monte Carlo simulation was used to validate the experimentally measured low frequency DQE. Finally, the effect of iodine's secondary generated K-fluorescence X-rays on pMTF and DQE results was evaluated. Good agreement (within 5%) was observed between the Monte Carlo and experimentally measured low frequency DQE results. A CMOS APS detector was characterized for the first time over a wide range of low energies covering the mammographic spectra. The detector's performance is limited mainly by the detectability of the scintillator. Finally, we show that the current data could be used to calculate the detector's pMTF, NNPS and DQE for any mammographic spectral shape within the investigated energies.
A Preliminary Field Study of Game Programming on Mobile Devices

TouchDevelop is a new programming environment that allows users to create applications on mobile devices. Applications created with TouchDevelop have continued to grow in popularity since TouchDevelop was first released to public in 2011. This paper presents a field study of 31,699 applications, focusing on different characteristics between 539 game scripts and all other non-game applications, as well as what make some game applications more popular than others to users. The study provides a list of findings on characteristics of game scripts and also implications for improving end-user programming of game applications.
SUGGESTED ARCHITECTURE OF SMART METERING SYSTEM

The architecture of supervisory-managerial systems is presented by using widely accepted industrial standards OPC Unified Architecture (UA) and IEC Common Information Model (CIM). It is suggested for some specific classes from CIM to be derived from the appropriate UA classes and to maintain the hierarchy of classes in both models and definitions of functions for data exchange, which are formed based on recommendations from CIM. By combining these two standards, we have obtained an integrated solution, which is characterized by a special data model with a wide range of functionality. Standards provide integration of all subsystems in big supervisory-managerial systems. Interfaces for data exchange are designed in such a way to be in accordance with both UA and CIM standard, providing a generic approach defined in UA standard by data from specific supervisorymanagerial (Smart Metering) systems.
Parallel Processing for Normal Mixture Models of Hyperspectral Data Using a Graphics Processor

Multivariate normal mixture models, where a complex statistical distribution is represented by a weighted sum of several multivariate normal probability distributions, have many potential applications including anomaly detection (AD) in hyperspectral (HS) images. The high computational cost of mixture models requires hardware and/or algorithmic acceleration to make AD run in real time. In this paper we describe the concurrency present in the AD algorithm that includes a normal mixture estimation task. We explore the use of graphics processing units (GPUs) for parallel implementation of the algorithm. The GPU implementations provide a significant speedup compared to multi-core central processing unit (CPU) implementations, and enable the algorithm to execute in real time.
Exponential Stability for Switched Systems with Mixed Time Delays

The global exponential stability problem for a class of switched systems with mixed time delays is investigated in this paper. LMI-based delay-dependent and delay-independent criteria are proposed to guarantee the exponential stability for our considered systems. Razumikhin-like approach and Leibniz-Newton formula are used to find the stability results. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated to show the improved results from using this method.
Can i foresee the success of my meetup group?

Success of Meetup groups is of utmost importance for the members who organize them. Given a wide variety of such groups, a single metric may not be indicative of success for different groups; rather, success measure should be specific to the interest of a group. In this paper, accounting for the group diversity, we systematically define Meetup group success metrics and use them to generate labels for our machine learnt models. We crawl the Meetup dataset for three US cities namely New York, Chicago and San Francisco over a period of 8 months. The data study reveals the key players (such as core members, new members etc.) behind the success of the Meetup groups. This study leverages semantic, syntactic, temporal and location based features to discriminate between successful and unsuccessful groups. Finally, we present a model to predict success of the Meetup groups with high accuracy (0.81 with AUC = 0.86). Our approach generalizes well across groups, categories and cities. Additionally, the model performs reasonably well for new groups with little history (cold start problem), exhibiting high accuracy for the cross city validation.
System Level Design Space Exploration of an Application Specific Wireless Sensor System

The advances in communication and computation technologies extend applicability of wireless sensor systems t o new application domain. Although there are broad range of generic hardware platforms for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the most of them developed on the commercial offthe-shelf (COTS) components and still cannot meet the requirements of certain target applications. Therefore, app lication specific or reconfigurable system-on-chip (SoC) hard ware solutions are sometimes desirable. But producing chip takes time and is costly. Hence, it is extremely important to evaluate the ability of a new chip to meet the application domain requirements before the chip is physically availabl e. This requires holistic approach to design and evaluate WSNs both in node and network levels.
HMM compensation based on non-uniform spectral compression for noisy speech recognition

A robust speech feature extraction method based on the power law of hearing and non-uniform spectral compression technique is proposed, and the correspondent model compensation algorithm is given. The mismatch functions, reflecting the infections of additive noise and spectral compression, and the model compensation formulae are deduced. The experiment results show that the significant improvement is obtained over the popular VTS (Vector Taylor Series) by adopting those approaches. It¿s concluded that the proposed method can deal with the speech recognition tasks in different additive noisy environments.
A novel method for compressing color images using binary image segmentation and contour polygons

In this paper, a novel method for compressing color images using binary image segmentation and contour polygons is presented. This method encodes the image information by a number of polygons, which represent image regions with identical bit values in the color components. In the color space model RGB for example all neighbored pixels with the same bit value in the color components R, G or B are merged together to one region. This process allows us to represent a color image by number of binary images, which can be described through their contour polygons. The decompression of the image is achieved through reconstruction of the RGB values of every pixel by reversing the compression process.
An Improved K-Means Algorithm for DNA Sequence Clustering

In recent years, billions of DNA and protein sequences are subject to sequencing. However, few of them have known structures and functions, most remain unknown. The solution to this problem is to link sequences between them rather than revisit each new sequence independently of other sequences. Thus, if we manage to assimilate a sequence S1 to another sequence S2 or to a group of previously studied sequences, this will allow us to directly deduce the structure, functions and phylogenetic classification of S2. The purpose of this work is to adapt clustering methods to the specific problem of classification of DNA sequences. We introduce a new method based on K-means clustering for DNA sequences clustering. We begin by explaining and motivating our approach, then we present obtained results.
Can We Be Friends? An Examination of the Role of Cross-Sex Friendship on Emerging Adults' Spiritual Development

Much curiosity surrounds the question of whether men and women be just friends. Heterosexual cross-sex friendship is a nonromantic, nonfamilial, relationship between a man and a woman (Schoonover & McEwan, 2014; O’Meara, 1989). While nonromantic by definition, the relationship may not remain void of all sexual tension. Furthermore, these relationships are especially explored during emerging adulthood (O’Meara, 1989). The emerging adulthood life phase involves individuals ages 18 to 30 (Smith, 2009). During the transition to adulthood, many emerging adults feel curious about religion and spiritual development (Setran & Kiesling, 2013; Bryant, 2007). Although some emerging adults seem non-committal especially in faith, others desire “real” encounters with God and even possess a spiritual hunger (Powell, Tisdale, Willingham, Bustrum, & Allen, 2012; Setran & Kiesling, 2013). These individuals find faith directing and guiding their quest for identity and personal purpose in life (Fowler, 1981). Emerging adults navigate identity formation and establish their own “meaning of life”—which results in many utilizing personal spiritual beliefs as a foundation to that process (Setran & Kiesling, 2013, p. 14). Thus, the current research examined 10 Christian emerging adults’ faith development with specific attention to the role of their cross-sex friends. The research also explored the impact of faith-based higher education, specifically, the environments and programming educators provide to foster healthy cross-sex friendships that further faith development.
A Possible New Quantum Algorithm: Arithmetic with Large Integers via the Chinese Remainder Theorem

Residue arithmetic is an elegant and convenient way of computing with integers that exceed the natural word size of a computer. The algorithms are highly parallel and hence naturally adapted to quantum computation. The process differs from most quantum algorithms currently under discussion in that the output would presumably be obtained by classical superposition of the output of many identical quantum systems, instead of by arranging for constructive interference in the wave function of a single quantum computer.
Cervical Cancer Screening for the Reluctant - HPV Testing of Air-Dried Vaginal Discharge

Despite the availability of the PAP test, cervical cancer continues to cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Many women default cervical cytology for a variety of reasons. This demands the development of alternative screening strategies, such as HPV testing on self-procured cervical-vaginal specimens in order to capture this group of women. We investigated the self-procured air-dried vaginal discharge for HPV testing. We recruited 82 patients with HPV-associated cervical lesions and 36 patients with normal cervical pathology. Participants were briefed and informed consents obtained. Each was then given a kit containing written instructions, a slim napkin, an empty zip-lock plastic bag for soiled napkin specimen, and a return envelope. After wearing the napkin for the day, the patient removes it, dries it, and returns the specimen by mail. Specimens were batched and a 0.5 cm area of each stained napkin was tested for HPV by PCR. Specimens from all 26 patients with high-grade (CIN 2 or above) HPV-induced cervical lesions and 4 of 36 normal subjects tested positive for HPV, giving a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 88.9%, respectively. We propose offering to women who refuse cervical cytology the alternative screening strategy of testing of self-procured air-dried vaginal discharge for HPV. This method of cervical cancer screening is also suitable for people living in remote regions of the world.
Loss Distribution Approach for Operational Risk

In this paper, we explore the Loss Distribution Approach (LDA) for computing the capital charge of a bank for operational risk where LDA refers to statistical/actuarial methods for modelling the loss distribution. In this framework, the capital charge is calculated using a Value-at-Risk measure. In the first part of the paper, we give a detailed description of the LDA implementation and we explain how it could be used for economic capital allocation. In particular, we show how to compute the aggregate loss distribution by compounding the loss severity distribution and the loss frequency distribution, how to compute the total Capital-at-Risk using copulas, how to control the upper tail of the loss severity distribution with order statistics. In the second part of the paper, we compare LDA with the Internal Measurement Approach (IMA)proposed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision to calculate regulatory capital for operational risk. LDA and IMA are bottom - up internal measurement models which are apparently different. Nevertheless, we could map LDA into IMA and give then some justifications about the choice done by regulators to define IMA. Finally, we provide alternative ways of mapping both methods together.
Energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency in cooperative cloud radio access network

The use of cooperative transmission in combination with the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture is expected to offer the much sought after relief to address the explosive growth in data traffic and provide a reduction in the energy consumption. In this paper, the effect of cooperative transmission on network-level achievable data rate along with energy efficiency (EE) and spectrum efficiency (SE) for downlink C-RAN architecture is studied. Extensive analysis using the stochastic geometry framework verifies the superiority of cooperative transmission in C-RAN architecture where cooperation provides up to twofold improvement in SE and a good increase in EE. Moreover, optimization is applied to find the optimal remote radio head density that maximizes the EE.
Overview of the Fourth Text REtrieval Conference (TREC-4)

Cet article est une introduction a ce volume qui presente la quatrieme Text REtrival Conference (TREC-4) qui s'est tenue en novembre 1995 aux Etats-Unis. Cet article propose donc un resume de cette conference et fournit une description des collections tests utilisees pour les recherches mises en place lors de cette conference, et il en souligne les resultats.
Handling Multilingual Content in Digital Media: The Multilingual Information Framework

This document presents MLIF (Multi Lingual Information Framework), a high-level model for describing multilingual data across a wide range of possible applications in the translation/localization process within several multimedia domains (e.g. broadcasting interactive programs within a multilingual community). There are at present numerous different standards available for dealing with translation and localization activities. All these formats work well in the specific field they are designed for, but they lack a synergy that would make them interoperable when using one type of information in a slightly different context, giving rise to the fear of competition between them. MLIF defines a generic model for all these formats, from which one can derive precise specifications for each of them.
Reduced Lymphocyte Longevity and Homeostatic Proliferation in Lamin B Receptor-Deficient Mice Results in Profound and Progressive Lymphopenia

The lamin B receptor (LBR) is a highly unusual inner nuclear membrane protein with multiple functions. Reduced levels are associated with decreased neutrophil lobularity, whereas complete absence of LBR results in severe skeletal dysplasia and in utero/perinatal lethality. We describe a mouse pedigree, Lym3, with normal bone marrow and thymic development but profound and progressive lymphopenia particularly within the T cell compartment. This defect arises from a point mutation within the Lbr gene with only trace mutant protein detectable in homozygotes, albeit sufficient for normal development. Reduced T cell homeostatic proliferative potential and life span in vivo were found to contribute to lymphopenia. To investigate the role of LBR in gene silencing in hematopoietic cells, we examined gene expression in wild-type and mutant lymph node CD8 T cells and bone marrow neutrophils. Although LBR deficiency had a very mild impact on gene expression overall, for common genes differentially expressed in both LBR-deficient CD8 T cells and neutrophils, gene upregulation prevailed, supporting a role for LBR in their suppression. In summary, this study demonstrates that LBR deficiency affects not only nuclear architecture but also proliferation, cell viability, and gene expression of hematopoietic cells.
Role of the Prefrontal Cortex in Attentional Control over Bistable Vision

The primary source of top-down attentional control in object perception is the prefrontal cortex. This region is involved in the maintenance of goal-related information as well as in attentional selection and set shifting. Recent approaches have emphasized the role of top-down processes during elementary visual processes as exemplified in bistable vision where perception oscillates automatically between two mutually exclusive states. The prefrontal cortex might influence this process either by maintaining the dominant pattern while protecting it against the competing representation, or by facilitating perceptual switches between the two competing representations. To address this issue, we investigated reported perceptual reversals in patients with circumscribed lesions of the prefrontal cortex and healthy control participants in three experimental conditions: hold (maintaining the dominant view), speed (inducing as many perceptual switches as possible), and neutral (no intervention). Results indicated that although the patients showed normal switching rates in the neutral condition and were able to control perceptual switches in the hold condition as much as control subjects were, they were less able to facilitate reversals specifically in the speed condition. These results suggest that the prefrontal cortex is necessary to bias the selection of visual representations in accord with current goals, but is less essential for maintaining selected information active that is continuously available in the environment. As for attentional selection, the present results suggest that the prefrontal cortex initiates perceptual reversals by withdrawing top-down support from the dominant representation without (or prior to) boosting the suppressed view.
Variability in women's perception of potential female rivals: effects of fertility, mating orientation, and revealing dress biases

Two studies were conducted to better understand individual difference factors that influence women’s mating-relevant perceptions of other women. In Study 1, biases about revealing dress were examined and the extent to which mating-relevant individual differences variables are associated with these biases. Study 2 examined whether jealousy and perceptions of potential mating rivals and style of dress change with fertility across the menstrual cycle. Results from the first study revealed that women judged more revealingly dressed women to be more attractive, feminine, promiscuous, and flirtatious; and less trustworthy, nice, and intelligent than less revealingly dressed women. Other revealing dress biases included a non-friend bias, a jealousy bias, and a rival bias (i.e., the report that one’s partner would be more attracted to her). Characteristics of the observing women (e.g., relationship status, virginity status, and hormonal contraceptive use) were significantly associated with specific revealing dress biases. In addition, compared to women with low short-term mating orientation (STMO), women with high STMO showed more of the attractiveness revealing dress bias; and less of the untrustworthy, not-nice, unintelligent, promiscuous, flirtatious, and not-friend revealing dress biases. In Study 2, women viewed revealingly dressed women more negatively when fertility was high versus low. Women were also more jealous of all potential rivals (regardless of clothing style) at higher versus lower fertility cycle phases. In addition, women low on STMO were more jealous of all potential rivals at higher versus lower fertility days, while women high on STMO showed the opposite pattern. The results from these studies have implications for understanding individual differences in women’s perceptions and attributions about other women based on style of dress and provide support for the existence of mating-relevant evolutionary mechanisms in revealing dress biases. VARIABILITY IN WOMEN’S PERCEPTIONS 3