Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advanced RF IV Waveform Engineering Tool for Use in Device Technology Optimization: RF Pulsed Fully Active Harmonic Load Pull with Synchronized 3eV Laser

The RF performance obtainable from a device often falls short of the expectations raised by analysis of the DCIV curves. This difference is typically associated with thermal or trapping effects. Hence, RF performance is traditionally assessed using load pull techniques, which can identify the optimum operating conditions, but cannot explain the shortfall. It has previously been shown that RF IV Waveform Engineering methods can give more insight to why there are differences without necessarily identifying their cause [1]. Here we show how adding RF pulse capability can help identify thermal contributions, and a synchronized 3eV Laser excitation can help identify and clear trapping contributions. Together these methods provide a powerful diagnostic tool for device technology optimization.
Effects of an Anticarcinogenic Bowman-Birk Protease Inhibitor on Purified 20S Proteasome and MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Proteasome inhibitors have been described as an important target for cancer therapy due to their potential to regulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the degradation pathway of cellular proteins. Here, we reported the effects of a Bowman-Birk-type protease inhibitor, the Black-eyed pea Trypsin/Chymotrypsin Inhibitor (BTCI), on proteasome 20S in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and on catalytic activity of the purified 20S proteasome from horse erythrocytes, as well as the structural analysis of the BTCI-20S proteasome complex. In vitro experiments and confocal microscopy showed that BTCI readily crosses the membrane of the breast cancer cells and co-localizes with the proteasome in cytoplasm and mainly in nucleus. Indeed, as indicated by dynamic light scattering, BTCI and 20S proteasome form a stable complex at temperatures up to 55°C and at neutral and alkaline pHs. In complexed form, BTCI strongly inhibits the proteolytic chymotrypsin-, trypsin- and caspase-like activities of 20S proteasome, indicated by inhibition constants of 10−7 M magnitude order. Besides other mechanisms, this feature can be associated with previously reported cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of BTCI in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by means of apoptosis.
An adaptive hybrid technique for pancreas segmentation using CT image sequences

This paper briefly introduces a novel semiautomatic method to segment the pancreas volume from CT image sequences. Existing hybrid Level Set Methods (LSM) is applicable for extracting the full size pancreas from single abdominal CT image. To extract shape and size varying pancreas from continuous CT image sequences, an adaptive hybrid level set method is proposed. Proposed method uses Fast Marching Method (FMM) for rough segmentation followed by Distance Regularized Level Set Method (DRLSM) for final pancreas segmentation from single CT image. To make it adaptive for a set of CT images, the optimal values of time threshold and iterations number for FMM and DRLSM respectively are computed automatically. The proposed method is evaluated on a dataset of 9 abdominal CT image sequences, which includes 140 CT slices. The performance of proposed method is quantitatively evaluated by comparing the segmentation results with ground truth CT image slices, in which pancreas region is manually marked by experienced radiologist.
Continuous Microphone Array Speech Recognition on Wall Street Journal Corpus

In this paper, we present a robust speech acquisition system to acquire continuous speech using a microphone array. A microphone array based speech recognition system is also presented to study the environmental interference due to reverberation, background noises and mismatch between the training and testing conditions. This is important in the context of smart meeting rooms of Augmented MultiParty Interaction (AMI) project which aims at significant development of conversational speech recognition. In this regard, an audio-visual database containing the Wall Street journal phrases was recorded in a real meeting room for the stationary speaker, moving speaker and overlapping speech scenarios. We carried out speech enhancement and continuous speech recognition experiments on stationary speaker data. Using a microphone array with beamformer followed by a postfilter enhances speech quality slightly inferior to that of close-talk headset,and better than lapel. We achieved a significant reduction in word error rates using models adapted based on maximum linear likelihood regression (MLLR) and maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) approaches. Though the error rates of the microphone array data are larger than those of headset data, they are significantly smaller compared to the error rates of lapel data.
Detailed analysis of eDonkey transfers on ADSL

The large use of P2P systems gives rise to the question of the performance of these applications. The performance evaluation of P2P systems can be undertaken in many ways. Here, we focus mainly on file retrieval performance, i.e., the time to download a file, the throughput of downloads and the waiting time before the transfer begins. Our study is based on an ADSL concentration point with a large number of residential users. We analyze the TCP connections of eDonkey peers. Our measurement tool gives us the possibility to put together all the connections downloading the same file and thus, to study the general efficiency of file download. Our results indicate that the waiting time is important and independent of file popularity and that the average throughput is very low and has an unexpected dependence on file popularity. The performances vary significantly, such that on the one hand most of the transfers encounter low throughputs, and on the other hand some achieve very fast download rates
Nonparametric estimation of rate equations for nutrient uptake

Abstract Knowledge of the rate of a biological process is important for characterizing the system and is necessary for gaining a deeper understanding of the process. Consider measurements, Y, made over time on a system following the model Y = f(t) + e, where f is a smooth, unknown function and e is measurement error. Although most statistical methodology has focused on estimating f(t) or f′(t), in some applications what is of real biological interest is the relationship between f and f′. One example is the study of nitrogen absorption by plant roots through a solution depletion experiment. In this case f(t) is the nitrate concentration of the solution surrounding the roots at time t and – f′(t) is the absorption rate of nitrate by plant roots at time t. One is interested in the rate of nitrate absorption as a function of concentration; that is, one is interested in Φ, where Φ(f) = – f′. Knowledge of Φ is important in quantifying the ability of a particular plant species to absorb nitrogen and in comparing.
On the orientation of the Sagittarius A* system (Research Note)

Context. The near-infrared emission from the black hole at the Galactic center (Sgr A*) has unique properties. The most striking feature is a suggestive periodic sub-structure that has been observed in a couple of flares so far. Aims. Using near-infrared polarimetric observations and modelling the quasi-periodicity in terms of an orbiting blob, we try to constrain the three dimensional orientation of the Sgr A* system. Methods. We report on so far unpublished polarimetric data from 2003. They support the observations of a roughly constant mean polarization angle of ~$60\degr$ ± $20\degr$ from 2004–2006. Prior investigations of the 2006 data are deepened. In particular, the blob model fits are evaluated such that constraints on the position angle of Sgr A* can be derived. Results. Confidence contours in the position – inclination angle plane are derived. On a $3\sigma$ level the position angle of the equatorial plane normal is in the range ~$60\degr{-}108\degr$ (east of north) in combination with a large inclination angle. This agrees well with recent independent work in which radio spectral/morphological properties of Sgr A* and X-ray observations, respectively, have been used. However, the quality of the presently available data and the uncertainties in our model bring some ambiguity to our conclusions.
Cryptanalysis of SDES via evolutionary computation techniques

The cryptanalysis of simplified data encryption standard can be formulated as NP-Hard combinatorial problem. The goal of this paper is two fold. First we want to make a study about how evolutionary computation techniques can efficiently solve the NP-Hard combinatorial problem. For achieving this goal we test several evolutionary computation techniques like memetic algorithm, genetic algorithm and simulated annealing for the cryptanalysis of simplified data encryption standard problem (SDES). And second was a comparison between memetic algorithm, genetic algorithm and simulated annealing were made in order to investigate the performance for the cryptanalysis on SDES. The methods were tested and extensive computational results show that memetic algorithm performs better than genetic algorithms and simulated annealing for such type of NP-Hard combinatorial problem. This paper represents our first effort toward efficient memetic algorithm for the cryptanalysis of SDES
Intraflagellar transport protein IFT52 recruits IFT46 to the basal body and flagella

ABSTRACT Cilia are microtubule-based organelles and perform motile, sensing and signaling functions. The assembly and maintenance of cilia depend on intraflagellar transport (IFT). Besides ciliary localization, most IFT proteins accumulate at basal bodies. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of basal body targeting of IFT proteins. We first identified the possible basal body-targeting sequence in IFT46 by expressing IFT46 truncation constructs in an ift46-1 mutant. The C-terminal sequence between residues 246–321, termed BBTS3, was sufficient to target YFP to basal bodies in the ift46-1 strain. Interestingly, BBTS3 is also responsible for the ciliary targeting of IFT46. BBTS3::YFP moves bidirectionally in flagella and interacts with other IFT complex B (IFT-B) proteins. Using IFT and motor mutants, we show that the basal body localization of IFT46 depends on IFT52, but not on IFT81, IFT88, IFT122, FLA10 or DHC1b. IFT52 interacts with IFT46 through residues L285 and L286 of IFT46 and recruits it to basal bodies. Ectopic expression of the C-terminal domain of IFT52 in the nucleus resulted in accumulation of IFT46 in nuclei. These data suggest that IFT52 and IFT46 can preassemble as a complex in the cytoplasm, which is then targeted to basal bodies. Summary: We identify the region in IFT46 that is responsible for its basal body and ciliary localization. This sequence promotes interaction with IFT52, which recruits IFT46 to the basal body.
Hyper-Ackermannian bounds for pushdown vector addition systems

This paper studies the boundedness and termination problems for vector addition systems equipped with one stack. We introduce an algorithm, inspired by the Karp & Miller algorithm, that solves both problems for the larger class of well-structured pushdown systems. We show that the worst-case running time of this algorithm is hyper-Ackermannian for pushdown vector addition systems. For the upper bound, we introduce the notion of bad nested words over a well-quasi-ordered set, and we provide a general scheme of induction for bounding their lengths. We derive from this scheme a hyper-Ackermannian upper bound for the length of bad nested words over vectors of natural numbers. For the lower bound, we exhibit a family of pushdown vector addition systems with finite but large reachability sets (hyper-Ackermannian).
nDriver: Online Driver Replacement for Increasing Operating System Availability

Device drivers are the most unreliable part of an operating system. In this paper, we propose a framework called nDriver. Based on the design diversity concept, it uses multiple implementations of a device driver to survive from driver faults. Once a fault happens in a driver, nDriver can dynamically replace the faulty driver with another implementation, instead of allowing the faulty driver to crash the system. The unique features of nDriver are as follows. First, it can detect two major kinds of driver faults, the exception and blocking faults. Second, the requests issued to the driver will not be lost due to the driver replacement. Third, the driver replacement is transparent to all the other kernel subsystems. Fourth, nDriver requires no modification to the existing operating system or driver codes. The major contribution of this work is that nDriver implements the concept of design diversity at the device driver layer. Moreover, it achieves the goal of seamless driver replacement and improves operating system availability without modifying the existing operating system or driver codes. We implemented nDriver as a kernel module in Linux. Currently, it can recover the system from faults in network device drivers. However, the mechanisms can be adapted to other module-based device drivers with a slight extension. According to the performance evaluation, the overhead of nDriver is no more than 3.5% and the recovery time is quite small. This indicates that nDriver is an efficient mechanism to increase the availability of an operating system.
TaSer (TabAnno and SeqMiner): a toolset for annotating and querying next-generation sequence data

Summary: We develop TaSer (TabAnno and SeqMiner), a toolkit for annotating and querying next generation sequence (NGS) dataset in tab-delimited files. TabAnno is a powerful and efficient command-line tool designed to pre-process sequence data, annotate variations and generate an indexed feature-enriched project file that can integrate multiple sources of information. Using the project file generated by TabAnno, complex queries to the sequence dataset can be performed using SeqMiner, an R-package designed to efficiently access large datasets. Extracted information can be conveniently viewed and analyzed by tools in R. TaSer is optimized and computationally more efficient than software using database systems. It enables annotating and querying NGS dataset using moderate computing resource. Availability and implementation: TabAnno can be downloaded from github (zhanxw.github.io/anno/). SeqMiner is distributed on CRAN (cran.r-project.org/web/packages/seqminer). Contact: X.Z. (zhanxw@umich.edu) D.J.L (dajiang@umich.edu)
Voronoi pyramids and Hopfield networks

Presents an algorithm for image segmentation with irregular pyramids. Instead of starting with the original pixel grid, the authors first apply an adaptive Voronoi tessellation to the image. For irregular pyramid construction the authors present a Hopfield neural network which controls the decimation process. The validity of the authors' approach is demonstrated by several examples in image segmentation.
Exacerbation of facial motoneuron loss after facial nerve axotomy in CCR3-deficient mice

We have previously demonstrated a neuroprotective mechanism of FMN (facial motoneuron) survival after facial nerve axotomy that is dependent on CD4+ Th2 cell interaction with peripheral antigen-presenting cells, as well as CNS (central nervous system)-resident microglia. PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) is expressed by injured FMN and increases Th2-associated chemokine expression in cultured murine microglia. Collectively, these results suggest a model involving CD4+ Th2 cell migration to the facial motor nucleus after injury via microglial expression of Th2-associated chemokines. However, to respond to Th2-associated chemokines, Th2 cells must express the appropriate Th2-associated chemokine receptors. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Th2-associated chemokine receptors increase in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy at timepoints consistent with significant T-cell infiltration. Microarray analysis of Th2-associated chemokine receptors was followed up with real-time PCR for CCR3, which indicated that facial nerve injury increases CCR3 mRNA levels in mouse facial motor nucleus. Unexpectedly, quantitative- and co-immunofluorescence revealed increased CCR3 expression localizing to FMN in the facial motor nucleus after facial nerve axotomy. Compared with WT (wild-type), a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in CCR3−/− mice. Additionally, compared with WT, a significant decrease in FMN survival 4 weeks after axotomy was observed in Rag2−/− (recombination activating gene-2-deficient) mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells isolated from CCR3−/− mice, but not in CCR3−/− mice adoptively transferred CD4+ T-cells derived from WT mice. These results provide a basis for further investigation into the co-operation between CD4+ T-cell- and CCR3-mediated neuroprotection after FMN injury.
Profiling software through the use of metrics

This paper presents an approach to software assessment using a new software tool that integrates most of the known static metrics. A six‐step method shows how to use metrics to obtain a picture of the software project. The method is visual and each step provides graphical representations of the data. Successive integration of data results in normality profiles. Examples illustrate each step. The method is adaptable to various environments and specific applications.
Experiencia de implementación de la estrategia de atención primaria en salud en la localidad de Bosa

Con el objetivo de describir la forma en que se implemento la estrategia de APS en el Hospital Pablo VI Bosa (HPVI) y los factores favorecedores y limitantes de dicha implementacion, se realizo unanalisis cualitativo de material documental, entrevistas a profundidad con actores institucionales y talleres con funcionarios y comunidad. A partir de la triangulacion de informacion se estructuro una sintesis narrativa que describe la experiencia en la localidad. Dentro de los principales hallazgosse encuentra una interesante apuesta del modelo de gestion que visualiza a la APS como estrategia central y la complementa con otras estrategias propuestas por el Distrito para la ejecucion de su politica publica, se destaca el fortalecimiento de las dinamicas comunitarias que aunque, limitadas mayoritariamente a lo institucional, han sido significativas en materia de sostenibilidad. Los factoresfavorecedores y limitantes identificados son de diversa indole, pero todos ellos relacionados con la forma de ejecutar la politica publica y las dinamicas institucionales. (AU) In order to describe the way in which a strategy APS was implemented at Hospital Pablo VI Bosa (HPVI) and to describe predisposing factors and limitations of such an implementation, a qualitative analysis of documentary material, in-depth interviewing with institutional actors and officialsand community workshops was performed. From the triangulation of structured information was drafted a narrative synthesis that describes the experience in the area. Among the main findings is an interesting bet management model that views the APS as a central strategy and complementsother strategies proposed by the District for the implementation of its public policy emphasizes the strengthening of community dynamics that although, mainly limited to institutional issues, have been significant in terms of sustainability. Favoring and limiting factors identified are diverse, butall related to how to implement public policy and institutional dynamics. (AU) A fim de descrever a maneira pela qual a estrategia APS foi implementada no Hospital Paulo VI Bosa (HPVI) e fatores predisponentes e as limitacoes de tal implementacao, foi realizada umaanalise qualitativa do material documental, entrevistas em profundidade com os atores institucionais e oficinas com funcionarios e comunidade. A partir da triangulacao da informacao estruturou-se uma sintese narrativa que descreve a experiencia na localidade. Como principais achados surgiu a aposta por um modelo de gestao que visa a APS como estrategia central e complementa-a com outras estrategias propostas pelo Distrito para a execucao das suas politicas publicas. O enfasisno fortalecimento da dinâmica da comunidade que, embora, limitada principalmente ao institucional,foi significativa em termos de sustentabilidade. Identificaram-se fatores favorecedore e limitantes diversos, mas todos relacionados a forma de implementar politicas publicas e as dinâmicas institucionais. (AU)
MOTION RECOVERY BASED ON FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM IMAGE SEQUENCES

The paper concentrates on detection of motion from 2D image sequences and the image analysis used to extract feature points. It is considered a still camera with constant background and a moving object. Object moving across the background will generate changes of its feature points. Detection of these points is used to recover the trajectory of the moving object. The developed procedure for motion recovery was tested to detect the moving of a robot end-effector and real-time experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the method.
Southwest Subtropical Pacific Surface Water Radiocarbon in a High-Resolution Coral Record

We have generated a high-resolution coral Δ14C record from the southwest subtropical Pacific spanning the last 50 yr. Prebomb (1950–1956) Δ14C values average −52%. Values begin to increase in 1957, reaching a maximum in the early 1970s, about 10 yr after the atmospheric peak. There is a consistent 10–15% seasonal cycle whose relationship with vertical mixing evolves as a consequence of the penetration of the bomb transient into subsurface waters. Comparison of this record with that simulated in an ocean general circulation model highlights the difficulty in modeling vertical exchange processes.
SC filters for high-frequencies with compensation for finite-gain amplifiers

The influence of the finite gain-bandwidth product of operational amplifiers on the performance of state-space SC circuits is summarized. A new method is then presented which eliminates the amplifier finite-gain effect completely. This makes it possible to use high-speed single-stage amplifiers with moderate gain values (e.g., as low as 100), for precise high- Q filtering applications. In this way, it becomes feasible to design SC circuits for signal frequencies up to 1 MHz.
Inflation and the Sharing of Macroeconomic Power: A Panel Data Analysis Applied to the Chinese Provinces

Important inflation differences have been existing since 1978 across the Chinese provinces. This paper intends to connect this observation with the literature that emphasises the role of local governments in the process of excess credit supply and inflation in China. A model presents provincial credit growth and inflation as a positive function of the macroeconomic autonomy enjoyed by local authorities. The proposition is supported by a panel-data analysis applied to the Chinese provinces.
Legal Ontology, Scientific Expertise and The Factual World

Abstract This article analyses the role of scientific information in legal proceedings by exploring the relationship of law, science and the factual world. The article compares legal and scientific ontology, and discusses how they relate to each other. The comparison is used to explain previous controversies between legal and scientific experts. Special consideration is devoted to the legal notion of cause-in-fact, which is discussed at length. The article distinguishes among different meanings of “facticity” in the legal discourse on causation, and discusses the bearing that these meanings have on the legal relevance of scientific information.