Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bearing Fault Diagnosis Considering the Effect of Imbalance Training Sample

To improve the accuracy of the recognition of complicated mechanical faults in bearings, a large number of features containing fault information need to be extracted. In most studies regarding bearing fault diagnosis, the influence of the limitation of fault training samples has not been considered. Furthermore, commonly used multi-classifiers could misidentify the type or severity of faults without using normal samples as training samples. Therefore, a novel bearing fault diagnosis method based on the one-class classification concept and random forest is proposed for reducing the impact of the limitations of the fault training sample. First, the bearing vibration signals are decomposed into numerous intrinsic mode functions using empirical wavelet transform. Then, 284 features including multiple entropy are extracted from the original signal and intrinsic mode functions to construct the initial feature set. Lastly, a hybrid classifier based on one-class support vector machine trained by normal samples and a random forest trained by imbalanced fault data without some specific severities is set up to accurately identify the mechanical state and specific fault type of the bearings. The experimental results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the classification accuracy compared with traditional methods in different diagnostic target.
How Writing System and Age Influence Spatial Representations of Actions

Recently, researchers reported a bias for placing agents predominantly on the left side of pictures. Both hemispheric specialization and cultural preferences have been hypothesized to be the origin of this bias. To evaluate these hypotheses, we conducted a study with participants exposed to different reading and writing systems: Germans, who use a left-to-right system, and Israelis, who use a right-to-left system. In addition, we manipulated the degree of exposure to the writing systems by testing preschoolers and adults. Participants heard agent-first or recipient-first sentences and were asked to draw the content of the sentences or to arrange transparencies of protagonists and objects such that their arrangement depicted the sentences. Although preschool-age children in both countries showed no directional bias, adults manifested a bias that was consistent with the writing system of their language. These results support the cultural hypothesis regarding the origin of spatial-representational biases.
Effect of Different Feeding Periods on the Performance of Broiler Chickens

Various management methods in poultry nutrition such as feeding time periods, phase feeding and feed additives are to be done to improve performance and feed cost reduction. This experiment was done in Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan, to study the effects of feeding different periods on the performance of broiler chicks fed for 46 days. A total of 210 days old chicks (Arbor Acres Strain) were used. The birds were divided into seven feeding periods (treatments) and three replicates with ten birds each. The birds on the control (A) were fed on starter diets for 21 days, grower diets for 15 days and finisher diets for 10 days. Group (B) were fed on starter diets for 17 days, grower and finisher diets for 19 and 10 days, respectively. Group (C) were fed on starter diets for 25 days, grower and finisher diets for 11 and 10 days, respectively. Group (D) were fed on starter diets for 17 days, grower and finisher diets for 15 and 14 days, respectively. Group (E) were fed on starter diets for 25 days, grower and finisher diet for 15 and 6 days, respectively. Group (F) were fed on starter diets for 21 days, grower and finisher diets for 19 and 6 days, respectively. Group (G) were fed on starter diets for 21 days, grower and finisher diets for 11 and 14 days, respectively. Measurements for feed consumption, final body weight, weight gain and the feed conversion ratio were taken. Also, the dressing percentage and the relative weight of the heart, liver, and gizzard were taken. Results showed no significant differences among treatments on live body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage and relative weight of organs except the heart which had the lowest value in treatment B. However, there were significant differences on feed consumption. It is recommended to feed broiler chickens on starter diets for 25 days, grower and finisher diets for 11 and 10 days, respectively.
Loughborough University Institutional Repository Direct FTIR assay of streptomycin in agar

Streptomycin titres in samples of agar media on which various species of streptomycetes were cultured were obtained by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Titres were directly comparable to those obtained by bioassay based on Bacillus subtilis inhibition. Analysis by this method could be used to facilitate the isolation of high level antibiotic-producing mutants. Introduction The isolation of high level antibiotic producing strains of micro-organisms has traditionally been performed by first plating out a mutagenised population of cells onto agar and allowing colonies to form so that they can be picked off individually. Following this, colonies are typically cultivated in liquid media, normally in 2 Erlenmeyer flasks, for assay (Hunter, 1999). Antibiotic production is conventionally established by bioassay or, more commonly now, using increasingly sophisticated analytical techniques (Horie et al. 2001). In the pharmaceutical industry these procedures have largely been robotised and are referred to as “high throughput screening” (Beggs et al. 1999). We sought to decrease the number of stages required for the isolation of mutants by directly assaying the agar onto which mutants are initially plated using FTIR. The principles involved are illustrated here with reference to the aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin using both a culture collection strain of Streptomyces griseus and our own isolates. Materials and Methods Micro-organisms & cultivation Streptomyces griseus NCIMB 8136 was purchased in lyophilised form (NCIMB, Aberdeen, UK). Putative Streptomyces species were isolated from a compost heap using chitin agar by the methods described by Hsu & Lockwood (1975). Spores of all these organisms were maintained on sterile soil. For bioassay, cultivation took place in a yeast malt extract liquid medium (NCIMB Medium No. 29) in Erlenmeyer flasks for 96 h at 100 rpm and 28° C. In order to conduct FTIR analyses on agar, streptomycetes were cultivated on yeast-malt extract agar for 96 h at 28° C.
Sentiment analysis-based methods for cultural monuments

The development of Web 2.0 has led to the generation of huge amount of available and public information on online platforms. Users are now free to express their sentiments about their experiences towards products, sites, or events. These thoughts and views can be read by millions of people, which can influenced directly their decisions. Therefore, it is very important to analyze online opinions because they can affect the viability of either public or private organizations. The development of new techniques capable of processing a high volume of text for understanding people’s opinion has become an important task in recent years. Thus, Sentiment Analysis which is the field that analyzes opinions and sentiments in written text has aroused the interest of many research groups. Since early 2000s, many studies has focused on developing algorithms that mine opinions from restaurants, products, movies, etc. However, we find that there is a lack on analyzing reviews for cultural heritage. These organizations need a digitalization process in order to enhance several aspects of their management like visitor’s experiences. In this thesis, we propose to analyze cultural monuments reviews for extracting valuable insights. We aim at addressing several gaps of sentiment analysis based-methods like sentiment methods inconsistencies, neutrality detection, and opinion summarization by ensembling different machine learning and natural language processing techniques. The results show that our proposed methods are consistent for a domain cultural, which in turn will enhance the decision-making process of these institutions.
Teaching Science in Virtual Reality with a Freehand 3 D Illustration

We present the design of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) illustration and its use in teaching a biology lesson on the active structure of a termite mound. Educators at all levels use illustrations in textbooks and lectures to enhance students’ comprehension of new information because they present material in an intuitive and interesting fashion [2]. Computer graphics has a rich history of application in conveying information to novice audiences, including the early use of IVR in architectural prototyping walkthroughs [1] and the interactive, 2D educational illustrations of the Exploratories project [8]. Our freehand termite mound model combines the advantages of IVR and nonphotorealistic rendering to effectively communicate a difficult scientific concept and improve upon the traditional mode of instruction through pictures. The mound constructed by the savannah-dwelling African termite M. bellicosus is a fascinating example of artificial environmental regulation by animals. A clay construction two meters tall perforated with internal air channels, its three-dimensional structure provides thermoregulation and waste gas exchange for the nest at its base [6]. This structure and its interactions with the environment can be difficult to convey in text and 2D illustrations. We used CavePainting [4], a freehand modeling program that runs in the CAVE virtual reality environment [3], to design a simple, nonphotorealistic cutaway model of the mound that includes convection currents and gas exchange. Since the model was intended to be used for instruction, its design and the design of the accompanying lecture proceeded in parallel. Once both were complete, a class of undergraduate biology students was brought into the CAVE in groups of six to eight for fifteen-minute lectures.
Analysis of Energy Detector for Spectrum Sensing in Multiuser Environment

Cognitive Radio (CR) is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. Spectrum Sensing can detect unused spectrum and sharing it, without harmful interference to other users; an important requirement of the cognitive-radio network is to sense empty spectrum. Detecting primary users is the most efficient way to detect empty spectrum. Here Energy detector(ED) is used for spectrum sensing for its low complexity. Energy detector is implemented for single, double and multi user environment with the help of Matlab /Simulink. Spectrum and Scope output show the results of the all users with specific threshold level. Keywords— Cognitive Radio (CR), Spectrum Sensing (SS), Energy detector (ED), Primary User (PU), Secondary User (SU).
Software interfaces: On the impact of interface design anomalies

Interfaces are recognized as an important mechanism to define contracts governing interactions between semi-independent software modules. Well-designed interfaces significantly reduce software complexity and ease maintainability by fostering modularization, hiding implementation details and minimizing the impact caused by changes in the software implementation. However, designing good interfaces is not a trivial task. The presence of interface design defects often yield increased development cost, lower code quality and reduced development productivity. Despite their importance, currently there are only a few research efforts that investigate the quality of interface design. In this paper, we identify and characterize common interface design anomalies and illustrate them via examples taken from well-known open source applications. In order to quantify the presence of interface design anomalies and estimate their impact on the interface design quality, as well on the software quality attributes, such as maintainability, we conduct an empirical study covering 9 open source projects. Building on our empirical results, we develop a set of recommendations to improve interface design.
Navigate into danger

We present a prototype system intended to be used for positioning and mapping by soldiers or first responders in unknown and dangerous environments. The system is based on inertial navigation combined with images and dense distance measurements from a range camera using active illumination. Although it is a prototype, the system can be used for evaluation in real-time, presenting results on a tablet computer. The hardware, software, and algorithms are described in the paper. Results from a number of experiments are also shown, demonstrating that the system provides good positioning and mapping performance in various indoor environments, including in darkness and smoke.
An Empirical Study on the Relationships between the Flexibility , Complexity and Performance of Information Systems Development Projects Introduction

Information systems development projects (ISDPs) are facing significant challenges due to changes in business and IT environments. To improve IS performance, ISDPs require flexibility to respond to various changes during the project lifecycle. Drawing upon the flexibility literature and contingency perspectives, this research examines the main effect of ISDP flexibility on IS performance using empirical data collected from 505 ISDP managers. This research also tests the moderating effect of ISDP complexity on the relationship between ISDP flexibility and IS performance. The results indicate that two types of ISDP flexibility – the extent of response by the project team to various changes and the efficiency of response – have positive main effects on IS performance. Furthermore, the effect of ISDP flexibility on IS performance is stronger when ISDP complexity is higher. This study also found a negative relationship between the two types of ISDP flexibility. We discuss the contributions and limitations of this research. We conclude with directions for future research.
Dynamic, real-time forecasting of online auctions via functional models

We propose a dynamic model for forecasting price in online auctions. One of the key features of our model is that it operates during the live-auction, which makes it different from previous approaches that only consider static models. Our model is also different with respect to how information about price is incorporated. While one part of the model is based on the more traditional notion of an auction's price-level, another part incorporates its dynamics in the form of a price's velocity and acceleration. In that sense, it incorporates key features of a dynamic environment such as an online auction. The use of novel functional data methodology allows us to measure, and subsequently include, dynamic price characteristics. We illustrate our model on a diverse set of eBay auctions across many different book categories. We find significantly higher prediction accuracy compared to standard approaches.
Towards a Bell-Curve Calculus for e-Science

Workflows are playing a crucial role in e-Science systems. In many cases, e-Scientists need to do average case estimates of the performance of workflows. Quality of Service (QoS) properties are used to do the evaluation. We defined the Bell-Curve Calculus (BCC) to describe and calculate the selected QoS properties. The paper presents our motivation of using the BCC and the methodology used during the developing procedure. It also gives the analysis and discussions of the experimental results from the ongoing development.
PCSsampler: Sample-Based, Private-State Cluster Scheduling

As a promising alternative to centralized scheduling, sample-based scheduling is especially suitable for high fan-out workloads that contain a large number of interactive jobs. Compared to centralized schedulers, existing sample-based schedulers do not hold a global view of the cluster's resource status. Instead, the scheduling decisions are made solely based on the status of a small set of randomly sampled workers. Although this simple approach is highly efficient in large clusters, the lack of global knowledge of the cluster can lead to sub-optimal task placement decisions and difficulties in enforcing global scheduling policies. In this paper, we address these challenges in existing sample-based scheduling approaches by allowing the scheduler to maintain an approximate version of the global resource status through caching the worker node's status extracted from reply messages. More specifically, we introduce the private cluster-state technique (PCS) for the scheduler to obtain such global information. We show that the scheduler can make better scheduling decisions by utilizing PCS and the scheduler can become more capable in enforcing global scheduling policies. The use of PCS is of low cost since it does not initiate new communication in sample-based scheduling. Our approach is implemented in PSCSampler, a full distribute sample-based scheduler, which gains global knowledge from PCS. Experiment results from both simulation runs and Amazon cluster runs show that compared to Sparrow, PCSsampler can significantly reduce both 50th percentile and 90th percentile runtime. The firsttime success rate of PCSsampler in gang scheduling is closer to an omniscient centralized scheduler than baseline sample based scheduler.
Screening the yeast genome for energetic metabolism pathways involved in a phenotypic response to the anti-cancer agent 3-bromopyruvate

In this study the detailed characteristic of the anti-cancer agent 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) activity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae model is described, with the emphasis on its influence on energetic metabolism of the cell. It shows that 3-BP toxicity in yeast is strain-dependent and influenced by the glucose-repression system. Its toxic effect is mainly due to the rapid depletion of intracellular ATP. Moreover, lack of the Whi2p phosphatase results in strongly increased sensitivity of yeast cells to 3-BP, possibly due to the non-functional system of mitophagy of damaged mitochondria through the Ras-cAMP-PKA pathway. Single deletions of genes encoding glycolytic enzymes, the TCA cycle enzymes and mitochondrial carriers result in multiple effects after 3-BP treatment. However, it can be concluded that activity of the pentose phosphate pathway is necessary to prevent the toxicity of 3-BP, probably due to the fact that large amounts of NADPH are produced by this pathway, ensuring the reducing force needed for glutathione reduction, crucial to cope with the oxidative stress. Moreover, single deletions of genes encoding the TCA cycle enzymes and mitochondrial carriers generally cause sensitivity to 3-BP, while totally inactive mitochondrial respiration in the rho0 mutant resulted in increased resistance to 3-BP.
Utilizing 3D open source software to facilitate student learning of fundamental engineering knowledge: a quasi-experimental study

This study explored the effect of Google SketchUp on students’ learning achievements in spatial visualization. A quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design was used to conduct the research. Eighty-four fifth graders from a publicelementary school in Taiwan voluntarily participated in the study. Students from different classes were divided into threeinstructional modules: Google SketchUp (with full features), Google SketchUp (with limited features), and traditionalinstruction (hand-held objects). Students in each of the three experimental groups were instructed to manipulate various3D objects that were created by a class teacher. A criterion test was developed to measure students’ understanding aboutbasic concepts of spatial visualization. The educational experiment was completed within three weeks. The results showedthat Google SketchUp (with full features) was an effective learning tool to support students in developing spatialvisualization skills (F = 8.20, p < 0.01).
A simple tool for two-dimensional quantification of filler dispersion: A proposal

Abstract An effective filler dispersion within a polymeric matrix is known to be a crucial requirement for obtaining the desired performance from a composite. A quantification of this parameter cannot be always easily achieved and several methodologies have been proposed so far, generally based on complex image processing algorithms. However, no standard has been established yet. In order to contribute to the quantitative evaluation of the filler dispersion in a polymeric matrix, a novel straightforward two-dimensional alternative method based on the analysis of electron microscopy micrographs is here proposed. Several case studies were considered to test the reliability of the approach, providing as resulting output, either a qualitative polar plot representative of the analyzed image and an index to measure the filler dispersion.
Anonymizing Set-Valued Social Data

The increasing popularity of social networks has generated tremendous amount of data to be exploited for commercial, research and many other valuable applications. However, the release of these data has raised an issue that personal privacy may be breached. Current practices of simply removing all identifiable personal information (such as names and social security numbers) before releasing the data is insufficient. More effective anonymization techniques are required. In this work, we propose a k-anonymization-based technique on set-valued network node data. The proposed algorithm is based on the principle of minimizing the number of addition and deletion operations to achieve k-anonymity. Numerical experiments on real dataset show that it requires less number of operations than current suppression-based approach.
Taking advantage of hyperspectral imaging classification of urinary stones against conventional infrared spectroscopy

Abstract. The analysis of urinary stones is mandatory for the best management of the disease after the stone passage in order to prevent further stone episodes. Thus the use of an appropriate methodology for an individualized stone analysis becomes a key factor for giving the patient the most suitable treatment. A recently developed hyperspectral imaging methodology, based on pixel-to-pixel analysis of near-infrared spectral images, is compared to the reference technique in stone analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The developed classification model yields >90% correct classification rate when compared to IR and is able to precisely locate stone components within the structure of the stone with a 15 μm resolution. Due to the little sample pretreatment, low analysis time, good performance of the model, and the automation of the measurements, they become analyst independent; this methodology can be considered to become a routine analysis for clinical laboratories.