Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three Unrecorded Fungal Species from Fecal and Freshwater Samples in Korea

While evaluating fungal diversity in fecal and freshwater samples in Korea, three fungal strains, CNUFC-GHD83-1, CNUFC-RD8126, and CNUFC-YR2-1, were isolated from specific habitats including grasshopper and rat feces, and freshwater samples in Korea. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S rDNA, the isolates CNUFC-GHD83-1, CNUFC-RD8126, and CNUFC-YR2-1 were identified as Albifimbria terrestris, Cephaliophora tropica, and Mariannaea aquaticola, respectively. These species have not been previously described in Korea.
Precision Weed Spraying using a Multirotor UAV

This paper presents a method for integrating spraying components on a multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in order to perform aerial precision weed spraying. Experimental tests were conducted to assess spray accuracy as a function of tracking dynamics, target position, and UAV motion during manual flights. It was found that high standard deviations of UAV roll and pitch are correlated with poor spray performance and that the implemented system is robust to light wind exposure.
A Novel SVM Proposed For Minimizing THD of Dual Output Nine Switch Inverter

In this paper, the space vector modulation (SVM) of nine-switch inverter and nine-switch-z-source inverter is proposed. The extra voltage available for a given input dc-voltage, translates to a higher torque—a critical factor for defining the capacity of products in marketplace. Also, in order to further reduce the cost of power devices and also thermal heat effect, and to reduce the number of semiconductor switching, specific SVM switching pattern is presented. The performance of the proposed SVM for both nineswitch inverter and nine-switch-z-source inverter is verified by simulation.
Classification and Analysis of Security Protocols and Algorithms for Constrained Networks

There is no doubt that the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the largest future visions. The development and research progress grows exponentially just like the number of IoT devices and applications in use. As a core part of the IoT, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are busy sensing environmental conditions, ranging from simple things such as temperature, location or heart rate, to complex things such as the water level in a coffee machine or video from public places. As networks, WSNs are, of course, also exposed to attacks, including known attacks of existing network technologies as well as new ones, which arose specifically from WSNs. In this context, security in WSNs is of major concern and security solutions have to be adapted by means of new attacks. This results in a large number of journal papers on a broad range of security-related issues. This Facharbeit (FA) analyzes the large number of security-related journal papers in the field of WSNs in the period from 2012 to 2017, and proposes the most comprehensive classification scheme according to which this bandwidth can be categorized in order to master the large mass. Subsequently, the classification scheme is exemplarily evaluated with an in-depth security analysis of selected security protocols and algorithms from journal papers with regard to well-known security fundamentals.
Analysis and Modeling on co- and Cross-Polarized Urban Radio Propagation for Dual-Polarized MIMO Wireless Systems

Cross-polarization coupling is an important radio propagation characteristic in dual-polarized multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) systems. Still, few studies analyze the polarimetric properties of the radio channel in relation to the actual propagation conditions and processes taking place in urban environment. The topic is studied in the present paper with the aid of dual-polarized MIMO measurements and ray tracing simulations. Several scenarios are considered, and the impact of the different propagation characteristics (LOS, NLOS, link-distance, presence of diffuse-scattering, angular distribution of the signal, etc.) on cross-polarization coupling is analyzed. Generally, a fairly high degree of coupling is observed due to multipath propagation and especially to diffuse scattering. Surprisingly, it does not appear to depend on link distance.
Occurrences of Calliphoridae ( Diptera ) on Pig Carcasses in the Dry Season in Thailand

Calliphorids are the first arthropods to colonize corpses; their composition and abundance vary according to location. They are used to estimate post-mortem intervals and surmise the relocation of corpses. This study was focused on Calliphoridae associated with pig carcasses in sheltered and unsheltered cages. Four domestic pig (Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758) carcasses were used to determine the Calliphoridae activity on carrion over a period of 30 days in the dry season (April 5 to May 4, 2016). Five decomposition stages were observed and a total of 23,440 Calliphoridae, belonging to 3 species [Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), C. rufifacies (Macquart) and C. nigripes (Aubertin)] were collected in this study. Decomposition was slightly faster on the carcass in unsheltered areas, as was the the number of Calliphoridae specimens, relative to sheltered carcasses. The relationship between environmental factors such as temperature in cages, relative humidity and the internal temperature of the carcasses (sheltered and unsheltered carcasses) were significantly correlated to the decompositions process and insect species (P<0.01). Chrysomya megacephala showed preference for a sunny area, whereas C. rufifacies preferred a shaded area. This study provides baseline information on the necrophilous fauna for estimating postmortem interval in cases of human death in Thailand.
Clustering methods for transaction data that consider market dynamics

This MSc thesis examines "transaction"-market dynamics. The situation of interest is a company with anonymous name ACME which sells products to customers (businesses, not end users). Some of these customers purchase more and more over time, whereas others purchase less and less. The aim is to cluster customers which grow (in for instance purchased volume) in one cluster and customers which for instance decrease in a different cluster. Because customer transactions form mathematically a time-series we focus on clustering techniques for time-series. The clustering itself involves the use of distance measures, which implies the need to use distance measures whose values take into account the dynamics in the customer transaction time-series. Clustering Methods for Transaction Data that consider Market Dynamics. iii
How primary care physicians' attitudes toward risk and uncertainty affect their use of electronic information resources.

OBJECTIVE The research sought to determine if primary care physicians' attitudes toward risk taking or uncertainty affected how they sought information and used electronic information resources when answering simulated clinical questions. METHODS Using physician-supplied data collected from existing risk and uncertainty scales, twenty-five physicians were classified as risk seekers (e.g., enjoying adventure), risk neutral, or risk avoiders (e.g., cautious) and stressed or unstressed by uncertainty. The physicians then answered twenty-three multiple-choice, clinically focused questions and selected two to pursue further using their own information resources. Think-aloud protocols were used to collect searching process and outcome data (e.g., searching time, correctness of answers, searching techniques). RESULTS No differences in searching outcomes were observed between the groups. Physicians who were risk avoiding and those who reported stress when faced with uncertainty each showed differences in searching processes (e.g., actively analyzing retrieval, using searching heuristics or rules). Physicians who were risk avoiding tended to use resources that provided answers and summaries, such as Cochrane or UpToDate, less than risk-seekers did. Physicians who reported stress when faced with uncertainty showed a trend toward less frequent use of MEDLINE, when compared with physicians who were not stressed by uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS Physicians' attitudes towards risk taking and uncertainty were associated with different searching processes but not outcomes. Awareness of differences in physician attitudes may be key in successful design and implementation of clinical information resources.
Multisensor Tracking of An Underwater Acoustic Target

This paper investigates the problem of tracking an underwater target using measurements obtained from two acoustic sensors. One sensor provides bearing measurements and the other is an array of three spatially separated hydrophones that measures time differences of arrival (TDOA) of an emitted signal from the target to each hydrophone. The measurements from both sensors are considered to be available at a fusion center as they occur (asynchronously) with zero transmission delay. We apply several nonlinear filtering methods to this problem and compare the performance gains of these filters in terms of their tracking accuracy, robustness, and computational load.
Mantle-derived indicator mineral compositions as applied to diamond exploration

ABSTRACT Diamond exploration and mantle studies have pushed geochemical methods to very high resolution, which is useful both in evaluating kimberlites and in describing the subcontinental lithosphere. Developing these methods initiated with direct comparisons of distinctive indicator minerals from kimberlite and sediment concentrates to unusual compositions of the same minerals included in diamond. More recently, single grain thermobarometer methods have been developed based on simplifications of equilibrium phase studies of mantle xenoliths and high pressure experiments. These single grain methods have enhanced evaluation of indicator mineral concentrates for diamond potential by greatly increasing the proportion of each suite that provides useful data on mantle conditions. Concurrently, these methods have broadened studies of the subcontinental lithosphere by permitting detailed evaluations beyond the occurrence of kimberlites with well studied mantle xenoliths. In this review, simple comparison of diamond inclusion compositions for Cr-pyropes, eclogitic garnets, chromite, chrome diopside and enstatite is followed by a review of the concepts behind equilibrium phase thermobarometry, an underlying foundation of increasingly widely applied single grain thermobarometry methods. Descriptions of such single grain methods based on peridotitic chrome diopside, pyrope garnet saturated with chromium and Ni in Cr-pyrope are followed by brief examples of the power of these methods to describe the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.
A selective role of NKG 2 D in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

The NKG2D activating receptor has been implicated in numerous autoimmune diseases. We tested the role of NKG2D in models of autoimmunity and inflammation using NKG2D knockout mice and antibody blockade experiments. The severity of experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) was decreased in NKG2D-deficient mice when the disease was induced with a limiting antigen dose, but unchanged with an optimal antigen dose. Surprisingly, however, NKG2D deficiency had no detectable effect in several other models, including two models of type 1 diabetes, and a model of intestinal inflammation induced by poly(I:C). NKG2D antibody blockade in normal mice also failed to inhibit disease in the NOD diabetes model or the intestinal inflammation model. Published evidence using NKG2D knockout mice demonstrated a role for NKG2D in mouse models of atherosclerosis and liver inflammation, as well as in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, our results suggest that NKG2D plays selective roles in inflammatory diseases.
Bias—It's everywhere! A commentary on the impact of bias and the assessment of agreement in the measurement of medication use in epidemiology research

Given the potential for bias to in ̄uence the measurement of medication use in prospective epidemiological investigations, it is important to establish the validity and reliability of any method used to elicit drug utilization, and in so doing, to identify potential sources of bias. Bias is de®ned as `any process at any stage of inference which tends to produce results or conclusions that dier systematically from the truth, thus reducing the validity of the measurement. This essay describes how dierent forms of bias may in ̄uence the accurate measurement of drug utilization. The importance of assessing the agreement between multiple measures of drug use is also addressed.
Occurrence of tan-brown leaf spot caused by Pilidium concavum on Fragaria ananassa in Korea.

In 2015, a new leaf spot disease was observed on strawberry seedlings in Wanju, Korea. Tanned brown spots appeared on the leaves of the infected plants, and often coalesced to form larger necrotic areas, resulting in the death of foliage. An isolate was obtained in pure culture. On the basis of morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of internal transcribed spacer rDNA sequence, the causal agent was identified as Pilidium concavum. Pathogenicity tests revealed the isolate was pathogenic to the leaves and fruits of strawberry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. concavum causing tan-brown leaf spot on strawberry in Korea.
Semantic Segmentation of Sewer Pipe Defects Using Deep Dilated Convolutional Neural Network

Semantic segmentation of closed-circuit television (CCTV) images can facilitate automatic severity assessment of sewer pipe defects by assigning defect labels to each pixel in the image, from which defect types, locations and geometric information can be obtained. In this study, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN), namely DilaSeg, is developed based on dilated convolution for improving the segmentation of sewer pipe defects including cracks, tree root intrusion and deposit. Sewer pipe CCTV images are extracted from inspection videos and are annotated to be used as the ground truth labels for training the model. DilaSeg is constructed with dilated convolution for producing feature maps with high resolution. Both DilaSeg and the state-of-the-art model, fully convolutional network (FCN), are trained and evaluated on the annotated dataset using the same hyper-parameters. The results of the experiments indicate that the proposed DilaSeg improved the segmentation accuracy significantly compared with FCN, with 18% of increase in mean pixel accuracy (mPA) and 22% of increase in mean intersection over union (IoU) with a fast detection
Indoor positioning system using a self-contained sensor module for pedestrian navigation and its evaluation

Masakatsu KOUROGI, Takashi OKUMA, Takeshi KURATA Center for Service Research, AIST Abstract: In this paper, we describe an indoor positioning system using self-contained sensors (accelerometers, gyroscopic sensors and magnetometers) for pedestrian navigation and its evaluation. We introduce a novel method of pedestrian dead-reckoning by accumulation of estimated walking displacement. The method is implemented on a wearable computing platform and is applied to pedestrian navigation applications in Science Museum. The implementations using three types of self-contained sensor modules are compared by their performance on accuracy of position and orientation.
Maintenance decision based on probabilistic risk assessment for Maglev train braking system

Maglev train is a new type of green environmental protection urban rail transit. Its security and reliability are the key issues which must be considered in the future development. In this paper, the working principle of the braking system in maglev train is comprehensively analyzed. By analyzing the characteristics of the braking system, the fault tree (FT) is employed to establish the fault model of braking system. Based on this fault model, the potential source of risk is easily detected. By ranking the values of different importance, the weak links of the key components which lead to the failure of the braking system are given. The score of each risk factor is obtained by weighted sum of the result of comprehensive risk evaluation. Our results of probabilistic risk assessment provide an important basis of the subsequent fault diagnosis and maintenance: the resources can be effectively allocated to the main risk factors to optimize the maintenance decision for maglev train.
Transoceanic origin of microendemic and flightless New Caledonian weevils

The origin of the astonishing New Caledonian biota continues to fuel a heated debate among advocates of a Gondwanan relict scenario and defenders of late oceanic dispersal. Here, we study the origin of New Caledonian Trigonopterus flightless weevils using a multimarker molecular phylogeny. We infer two independent clades of species found in the archipelago. Our dating estimates suggest a Late Miocene origin of both clades long after the re-emergence of New Caledonia about 37 Ma. The estimation of ancestral ranges supports an ancestral origin of the genus in a combined region encompassing Australia and New Guinea with subsequent colonizations of New Caledonia out of New Guinea in the mid-Miocene. The two New Caledonian lineages have had very different evolutionary trajectories. Colonizers belonging to a clade of foliage dwellers greatly diversified, whereas species inhabiting leaf-litter have been less successful.
Biostratigraphy and Strontium Isotope Stratigraphy (SIS) of well 26/10-1 (Zulu

Micropalaeontological analyses Micropalaeontological investigations were based on analyses of planktonic and benthic foraminifera, Bolboforma and pyritized diatoms. The fossil assemblages are correlated with the micropalaeontological zonation for Cenozoic sediments of King (1989). The zonations of planktonic foraminifera (Spiegler and Jansen, 1989; Weaver and Clement, 1986) and Bolboforma (Spiegler and Müller, 1992; Müller and Spiegler, 1993) from ODP and DSDP drillings in the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic are also very important for the dating of the sediments since these zones are calibrated with both nannoplankton and palaeomagnetic data.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Office of Inspector General Draft OIG Compliance Program for Individual and Small Group Physician Practices

This Federal Register notice seeks the comments of interested parties on draft compliance guidance developed by the Office of Inspector General (OIG) for individual and small group physician practices. Through this notice, the OIG is setting forth its general views on the value and fundamental principles of individual and small group physician practices’ compliance programs, and the specific elements that these practices should consider when developing and implementing an effective compliance program.
Power and Delay Analysis of Critical Path Delay Design Using Domino Logic Multiplier

This paper presents a high-throughput and ultralowpower asynchronous domino logic pipeline design method, targeting to latch-free and extremely finegrain or gate-level design. The data paths are composed of a mixture of dual-rail and single-rail domino gates. Dual-rail domino gates are limited to construct a stable critical data path. Based on this critical data path, the handshake circuits are greatly simplified, which offers the pipeline high throughput as well as low power consumption. Moreover, the stable critical data path enables the adoption of singlerail domino gates in the noncritical data paths. This further saves a lot of power by reducing the overhead of logic circuits. An 8 × 8 array style multiplier is used for evaluating the proposed pipeline method. Compared with a conventional asynchronous domino logic pipeline, the proposed pipeline respectively saves up to 25% when processing different data patterns.
Reduction of Resonant Slow Extraction Losses with Shadowing of Septum Wires by a Bent Crystal

A new experiment, Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP), is being studied at CERN to investigate the existence of three Heavy Neutral Leptons in order to give experimental proof to the proposed neutrino minimal Standard Model. Highintensity slow-extraction of protons from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is a pre-requisite for SHiP. The experiment requires a resonant extraction with in a 7.2 s cycle, and about 4 × 1013 protons extracted at 400GeV in a 1 s flat-top, to achieve the needed 2 × 1020 Protons On Target (POT) in five years. Although the SPS has delivered this in the past to the CNGS experiment with fast extraction, for SHiP beam losses and activation of the SPS electrostatic extraction septum (ZS) could be a serious performance limitation, since the target number of protons to resonantly extract per year is a factor of two higher than ever achieved before and a factor of four than ever reached with the third-integer slow extraction. In this paper, a novel extraction technique to significantly reduce the losses at the ZS is proposed, based on the use of a bent crystal to shadow the septum wires. Theoretical concepts are developed, the performance gain quantified and a possible layout proposed.
A Note on Reasoning on DL-LiteR with Defeasibility

Representation of defeasible information is of interest in description logics, as it is related to the need of accommodating exceptional instances in knowledge bases. In this direction, in our previous works we presented a datalog translation for reasoning on (contextualized) OWL RL knowledge bases with a notion of justified exceptions on defeasible axioms. While it covers a relevant fragment of OWL, the resulting reasoning process needs a complex encoding in order to capture reasoning on negative information. In this paper, we consider the case of knowledge bases in $\textit{DL-Lite}_{\cal R}$, i.e. the language underlying OWL QL. We provide a definition for $\textit{DL-Lite}_{\cal R}$ knowledge bases with defeasible axioms and study their properties. The limited form of $\textit{DL-Lite}_{\cal R}$ axioms allows us to formulate a simpler encoding into datalog (under answer set semantics) with direct rules for reasoning on negative information. The resulting materialization method gives rise to a complete reasoning procedure for instance checking in $\textit{DL-Lite}_{\cal R}$ with defeasible axioms.
Inactivation of indicator bacteria from various sources of fecal contamination in seawater and freshwater

City of Los Angeles, Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant, Vista del Mar, Playa del Rey, CA 90293 ABSTRACT The survival of indicator microorganisms in aquatic systems is affected by both biotic and abiotic factors. Relatively little work in this field has been conducted on the wide variety of sources of microorganisms by using naturally occurring inoculants of microorganisms for study. Rates of inactivation of water quality indicators, total coliforms, E. coli, enterococci, and male-specific coliphage were studied in three week-long, factorially designed experiments using three different inoculants: sewage influent (to simulate a sewage spill), treated sewage effluent (to simulate chronic sewage discharges), and dry-weather urban runoff (to simulate non-point source discharges). Rates of inactivation were studied by examining the effects of temperature, nutrients, total suspended solids, initial bacterial load, and solar radiation in both natural fresh and seawater exposure matrices. Our results demonstrated that temperature and solar radiation had significant effects upon rates of inactivation (ANOVA, p < 0.001). These inactivation rates were similar, regardless of the inoculant type. Enterococci consistently degraded the slowest under dark conditions with a T90 of 115-121 h and 144-177 h at 20°C and 14°C, respectively. When incubated in sunlight, enterococci was inactivated significantly more rapidly than either E. coli or male-specific coliphage (p < 0.001). Enterococci T90s increased to 8-10 h when either low (wintertime) or high (summertime) solar radiation was applied. None of the other parameters that were examined had significant effects on inactivation rates (p > 0.05).