Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating Real-World Emissions of PHEVs in Norway by Combining Laboratory Measurement with User Surveys

The paper presents the results of experimental testing of the exhaust emission and energy consumption of two gasoline plug-in hybrid vehicles in an emission testing laboratory with different drive cycles and drive modes and at summer and winter temperatures. One was a compact vehicle with a type approval electric mode range of 50 km, the other a mid-sized vehicle with an electric mode range of 31 km. Additionally, an online survey of 2065 private plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV) owners investigated the usage pattern of the vehicles. Combining the laboratory tests with the user survey results provided an estimate for the reduction of CO2-emission of PHEVs in use in Norway. The main conclusion is that the PHEV is a vehicle type that needs to match well with the use pattern to produce low CO2- and local emissions. The achievable CO2-emission reduction was proportional to the range in electric drive-mode (E-mode), i.e., 50 km range resulted in about 50% reduction.
Parallelism and data movement characterization of contemporary application classes

This paper presents a framework for characterizing the distribution of fine-grained parallelism, data movement, and communication-minimizing code partitions. Understanding the spectrum of parallelism available in applications, and how much data movement might result if such parallelism is exploited, is essential in the hardware design process because these properties will be the limiters to performance scaling of future computing systems. The framework is applied to characterizing 26 applications and kernels, classified according to their dominant components in the Berkeley dwarf/ computational motif classification. The distributions of ILP and TLP over execution time are studied, and it is shown that, though mean ILP is high, available ILP is significantly smaller for most of the execution. The results from this framework are complemented by hardware performance counter data on two RISC platforms (IBM Power7 and Freescale P2020) and one CISC platform (IntelAtom D510), spanning a broad range of real machine characteristics. Employing a combination of these new techniques, and building upon previous proposals, it is demonstrated that the similarity in available ideal-case parallelism and data movement within and across the dwarf classes, is limited.
A systemizing research framework for web 2.0

Web 2.0 has recently been one of the most discussed topics in Information Systems science and practice. However, little consensus is found on what its components and characteristics actually are and what a comprehensive conceptualization might look like. This paper tries to shed light on these questions by systemizing the phenomenon’s characteristics in a hierarchical framework. In a first step, we apply content and cluster analysis on contributions of the field and inductively identify 103 raw categories which are then clustered into ten subcategories and two main categories. Namely these identified main categories of Web 2.0 are: ‘Technological Characteristics’ and ‘Socioeconomic Characteristics’. In a second step, we pretest and optimize the constructs for applicability and ambiguities and finally apply them to evaluate on the importance and weighting of the discovered subcategories. The resulting framework is found to comply with common quality measures for content analysis and classification schemes. It can be used to analyze and explore economic or social phenomena associated with Web 2.0 in a systematic manner.
Using Speech in Complex Teamwork to Support Activity Recognition

We describe the results of speech patterns analysis during trauma resuscitation—a complex, error-prone medical process for treating severely injured patients— to inform future development of an activity recognition system that uses different sensors in the environment, including speech. The goal of the system is to support teamwork by detecting process deviations and alerting teams to errors. We contribute to system design and broader literature by performing human-centered analysis of speech and characterizing activities that are challenging to recognize through the speech modality.
Safety Model of On-line Electronic Instrument Based on Embedded System

The safety model of electronics instrument and circuit control over Internet or local network is built in this paper. In industrial area, to keep instrument and circuit in safety is very important. Safety problem is discussed in detail as the base of safety problem description. The safety problem is summarized as denying dangerous operation of executing rules of control commands. A model for the commands executing relation and sequence is built in this paper. To build the model, the executing conditions for each command should be established at first. Based on the executing conditions the relation of different commands could be built. The safety model can be used for the operation safety checking. This model and safety problem description method also can be used for electronic instrument and circuit with embedded architecture
Critical InfoVis: exploring the politics of visualization

As information visualization is increasingly used to raise awareness about social issues, difficult questions arise about the power of visualization. So far the research community has not given sufficient thought to how values and assumptions pervade information visualization. Taking engaging visualizations as a starting point, we outline a critical approach that promotes disclosure, plurality, contingency, and empowerment. Based on this approach, we pose some challenges and opportunities for visualization researchers and practitioners.
On the information rate of different SDMT modulations

We presented theoretical results for information rate of different spatial discrete multiple tone(SDMT) modulations in the presence of clipped noise. Several forms of SDMT were introduced for optical wireless communications in the past. In this paper, spatially direct current biased SDMT (SDCO-SDMT) and spatially asymmetrically clipped SDMT (SDCO-SDMT) are considered. This paper studies information rates of both modulations in terms of optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) with and without "water-filling" (WF) principle. The results are given by numerical computation.
Learning Dfa from Simple Examples Learning Dfa from Simple Examples

We present a framework for learning DFA from simple examples. We show that eecient PAC learning of DFA is possible if the class of distributions is restricted to simple distributions where a teacher might choose examples based on the knowledge of the target concept. This answers an open research question posed in Pitt's seminal paper: Are DFA's PAC-identiiable if examples are drawn from the uniform distribution, or some other known simple distribution? Our approach uses the RPNI algorithm for learning DFA from labeled examples. In particular, we describe an eecient learning algorithm for exact learning of the target DFA with high probability when a bound on the number of states (N) of the target DFA is known in advance. When N is not known, we show how this algorithm can be used for eecient PAC learning of DFAs.
Considerations for Selecting and Sizing Batteries

Selection and sizing of storage batteries are often thought of as simply applying a formula to a load profile; however, in practice, when selecting an optimum battery many factors should be considered. These factors include battery type, plate material, plate construction, specific gravity, battery application, and so forth. Various applications will be discussed and illustrative examples will be provided as required. Although the emphasis of this paper will be on stationary batteries, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and photovoltaic system batteries are also discussed. The guidance provided will enable the user to understand the requirements for a specific application and aid in selecting an optimum battery.
Efficient bit-serial finite field montgomery multiplier in GF(2m)

Montgomery multiplication in finite fields has been paid more and more attention recently since it shows advantageous over regular multiplication in speeding up elliptic curve cryptography based network security protocols. In this paper, a most-significant-bit first bit-serial Montgomery multiplication algorithm in GF(2m) using weakly dual bases is proposed for the first time. Then a new bit-serial Montgomery multiplier architecture is proposed using a linear feedback shift register (LFSR). Complexity comparison has shown that the proposed multiplier is comparable to or has certain advantage over the best among the existing similar works found in the literature.
Study 1 : Do People Associate Construal Level With Vertical Position ?

We suggest that there is an association in people’s minds between the vertical position of a stimulus (up vs. down) and its construal level (high vs. low), which results in bi-directional effects between the dimensions. In Study 1, participants exhibited both implicit and explicit associations between the dimensions. Studies 2 and 3 demonstrated that stimulus construal level affects its vertical position, with participants showing a preference for positioning abstract concepts higher up and concrete concepts lower down. Study 4 testified to the effect of vertical positioning of information on its level of construal. Behaviors presented at the top of a display (more than those presented at the bottom) were construed in terms of why they are performed rather than how to perform them. Theoretical and practical implications are
Macro Prudential Policies to Mitigate Financial Vulnerabilities in Emerging Markets

This chapter analyzes the use of macro prudential policies (MaPPs) aimed at reducing vulnerabilities in banking systems, with a special focus on their use in and for emerging markets (EMs). Recent events have highlighted the high costs of financial crises. More generally, the potential for instability arising from the financial system—whether from excessiveness in cycles or from spillovers through interconnectedness—is increasingly being recognized. Accordingly, there is a growing interest in the potential for MaPPs to complement micro prudential regulations and traditional macroeconomic management policies, notably monetary policy and fiscal policy, to help contain (the buildup of) systemic risks and achieve greater financial stability, and in this way reduce adverse consequences of financial volatility––including from crises––for the real economy. Whereas many analyses have been motivated by the (ongoing) crisis in advanced countries (ACs), EMs have had much greater experience with MaPPs in recent years, in part because they have had more pronounced business and financial cycles, partly because of their greater exposures to volatile international capital flows, commodity price shocks, and other risks. In this context, there is much for ACs to learn from EMs about the effectiveness of MaPPs. And there are, of course, lessons for EMs themselves.
Applying March Tests to K-Way Set-Associative Cache Memories

Embedded microprocessor cache memories suffer from limited observability and controllability creating problems during in-system test. The application of test algorithms for SRAM memories to cache memories thus requires opportune transformations. In this paper we present a procedure to adapt traditional march tests to testing the data and the directory array of k-way set-associative cache memories with LRU replacement. The basic idea is to translate each march test operation into an equivalent sequence of cache operations able to reproduce the desired marching sequence into the data and the directory array of the cache.
Medical image watermarking based on M-band

This paper introduces a new reversible and blind scheme based on the analysis of Multi-band Dual Tree Wavelet domain in medical image watermarking domain.Different from many other watermarking schemes with wavelet transform are used on one side in which the studies have dealt only in the dyadic case, in the other hand, in multi-band only on the classical discrete wavelet (DWT), for this suggested approach: security issues for medical information and technical solution to protect these data in medical information are examined. A solution is proposed, which consist in watermarking image areas that are not relevant for the diagnosis, considering advantages of multi-bands wavelet analysis. Applications of the method were examined for MRI images watermarking, inserting data in different sub-bands with private key provides high security for the embedded data using discrete wavelet and complex wavelet (CWT) domain.Experimental results obtained from several watermarked medical images indicate imperceptibility, in each case; the CWT provides higher capacity than the real DWT and DWT domain, by increasing the number of bands. The system is transparent to the user and allows image integrity control; in addition it provides information on the location of potential alterations and evaluation of image modifications which is of major importance in medico-legal frame-work. The proposed method generalizes the findings of previous works.
Design Trade-offs for Memory Level Parallelism on an Asymmetric Multicore System

Asymmetric Multicore Processors (AMP) offer a unique opportunity to integrate many kinds of cores together with each core optimized for different uses. However, the impact of techniques for exploiting high Memory Level Parallelism (MLP) on core specialization and selection on AMPs has not been investigated. Extracting high memory-level parallelism is essential to tolerate long memory latencies, and such techniques are critical for speeding up singlethreaded codes which are memory bound. In this work, we explored multiple core configurations with different widths and frequencies and concluded that a narrow faster core is better than a wide slower core for regions of high MLP. We use an effective hardware-level scheduling mechanism, which requires identifying MLP phases on the fly and scheduling execution on the appropriate core. We successfully exploit the custom MLP core during clustered L2 misses and otherwise use the wider issue core. Compared to a single-core design optimized for both modes of operation, our AMP design provides a geometric mean performance improvement of 4% and 10% for SPECint and SPECfp, respectively, with a maximum speedup of 19.5%. For the same study, it achieves a 10% and 25% energy delay reduction fo SPECint and SPECfp, respectively.
Early termination algorithm for one-bit transform-based motion estimation using binomial distribution

One-bit transform (1BT)-based block motion estimation (ME) has been proposed to reduce the computational complexity by using Boolean exclusive-OR matching of one-bit representations of image frames. In this paper, a novel early termination algorithm for 1BT-based ME is proposed in order to decrease the calculations of the block distortion measure. Unlike the classical early termination schemes, the proposed algorithm utilizes a new approach to reduce computations. It employs the binomial distribution based on the characteristic of binary plane which is composed of only two elements: 0 and 1. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm keeps its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) performance very close to the full search algorithm (FSA) while the computational complexity of ME is reduced considerably.
Spectral measure of robustness for Internet topology

The natural connectivity as a novel robustness measure of complex networks is proposed. The natural connectivity has a clear physical meaning and a simple mathematical formulation. It is shown that the natural connectivity can be derived mathematically from the graph spectrum as an average eigenvalue and that it changes strictly monotonically with the addition or deletion of edges. By comparing the natural connectivity with other typical robustness measures within a scenario of edge elimination, it is demonstrated that the natural connectivity has an acute discrimination which agrees with our intuition. The robustness of global Internet AS-level topology and Chinese Internet AS-level topology is studied using natural connectivity.
Local cerebral glucose utilization in monkeys with hemiparkinsonism induced by intracarotid infusion of the neurotoxin MPTP

Quantitative 2-[14C]deoxyglucose autoradiography was used to map the pattern of alterations in local cerebral glucose utilization associated with unilateral lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta produced by the infusion of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) into one internal carotid artery of rhesus monkeys. These monkeys become hemiparkinsonian, displaying rigidity, bradykinesia, and tremor of the limbs contralateral to the side of MPTP infusion; during spontaneous activity they turn toward the side of the lesion. Eighty- two brain areas were examined, and statistically significant metabolic changes were confined mainly to basal ganglia structures ipsilateral to the side of the lesion. Glucose utilization was reduced in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area, i.e., in the areas of cell loss. Increases in glucose utilization in regions normally innervated by the lesioned area were observed in the post- commissural portions of the putamen and dorsolateral caudate. Other structures showing statistically significant metabolic changes were the external segment of the globus pallidus (+40%), subthalamic nucleus (- 17%), and pedunculopontine nucleus (+15%). There were also smaller changes in portions of the thalamus (ventral anterior nucleus, parafascicular nucleus) and premotor cortex. All significant metabolic changes were confined to the side of the substantia nigra lesion and were essentially restricted to regions involved in the production of movement or maintenance of posture.
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The Cognitive Basis of Joint Probability Judgments

Sundh, J. 2019. The Cognitive Basis of Joint Probability Judgments. Processes, Ecology, and Adaption. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Social Sciences 166. 60 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-513-0608-7. When navigating an uncertain world, it is often necessary to judge the probability of a conjunction of events, that is, their joint probability. The subject of this thesis is how people infer joint probabilities from probabilities of individual events. Study I explored such joint probability judgment tasks in conditions with independent events and conditions with systematic risk that could be inferred through feedback. Results indicated that participants tended to approach the tasks using additive combinations of the individual probabilities, but switch to multiplication (or, to a lesser extent, exemplar memory) when events were independent and additive strategies therefore were less accurate. Consequently, participants were initially more accurate in the task with high systematic risk, despite that task being more complex from the perspective of probability theory. Study II simulated the performance of models of joint probability judgment in tasks based both on computer generated data and real-world data-sets, to evaluate which cognitive processes are accurate in which ecological contexts. Models used in Study I and other models inspired by current research were explored. The results confirmed that, by virtue of their robustness, additive models are reasonable general purpose algorithms, although when one is familiar with the task it is preferable to switch to other strategies more specifically adapted to the task. After Study I found that people adapt strategy choice according to dependence between events and Study II confirmed that these adaptions are justified in terms of accuracy, Study III investigated whether adapting to stochastic dependence implied thinking according to stochastic principles. Results indicated that this was not the case, but that participants instead worked according to the weak assumption that events were independent, regardless of the actual state of the world. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that people generally do not combine individual probabilities into joint probability judgments in ways consistent with the basic principles of probability theory or think of the task in such terms, but neither does there appear to be much reason to do so. Rather, simpler heuristics can often approximate equally or more accurate judgments.
Dynamic Optimization of Data Packet-based Communication for PLC Visual Monitoring

This paper presents a dynamic optimization solution for the data packet-based communication of programmable logic controller (PLC) visual monitoring, and the objective is to improve the communication efficiency between a supervisory computer and field PLCs in consideration of the network communication performance, such as network bandwidth, packet loss or retransmission rate, and human response delay. A nonlinear optimization model with constraints is formulated and solved analytically to obtain the minimized transmission time. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed dynamic optimization can solve the practical industry problem in an efficient and effective manner, and it can provide useful guidance for the data packet-based communication setting of networked control systems.