Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual opinion analysis of customer feedback data

Today, online stores collect a lot of customer feedback in the form of surveys, reviews, and comments. This feedback is categorized and in some cases responded to, but in general it is underutilized — even though customer satisfaction is essential to the success of their business. In this paper, we introduce several new techniques to interactively analyze customer comments and ratings to determine the positive and negative opinions expressed by the customers. First, we introduce a new discrimination-based technique to automatically extract the terms that are the subject of the positive or negative opinion (such as price or customer service) and that are frequently commented on. Second, we derive a Reverse-Distance-Weighting method to map the attributes to the related positive and negative opinions in the text. Third, the resulting high-dimensional feature vectors are visualized in a new summary representation that provides a quick overview. We also cluster the reviews according to the similarity of the comments. Special thumbnails are used to provide insight into the composition of the clusters and their relationship. In addition, an interactive circular correlation map is provided to allow analysts to detect the relationships of the comments to other important attributes and the scores. We have applied these techniques to customer comments from real-world online stores and product reviews from web sites to identify the strength and problems of different products and services, and show the potential of our technique.
An Adaptive Privacy Preserving Data Mining Model under Distributed Environment

Privacy preserving becomes an important issue in the development progress of data mining techniques, especially in distributed data mining. Secure multiparty computation methods are proposed to protect the privacy in distributed environment, but shows low performance under massive nodes. This paper presents an adaptive privacy preserving data mining model based on data perturbation method to improve the efficiency while preserving the privacy. Security capability of basic data perturbation is firstly analyzed and an adaptive enhancement method is proposed according to the eigen value decomposition based attacks. A light-weight protocol with homomorphic technique is proposed to perform the perturbation process under distributed environments. The experiment results show that the model has high controllable security and shows more efficiency in large scale distribution environment comparing to secure multiparty related methods.
Robust Soft-Decision Interpolation Using Weighted Least Squares

Soft-decision adaptive interpolation (SAI) provides a powerful framework for image interpolation. The robustness of SAI can be further improved by using weighted least-squares estimation, instead of least-squares estimation in both of the parameter estimation and data estimation steps. To address the mismatch issue of “geometric duality” during parameter estimation, the residuals (prediction errors) are weighted according to the geometric similarity between the pixel of interest and the residuals. The robustness of data estimation can be improved by modeling the weights of residuals with the well-known bilateral filter. Experimental results show that there is a 0.25-dB increase in peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) for a sample set of natural images after the suggested improvements are incorporated into the original SAI. The proposed algorithm produces the highest quality in terms of PSNR and subjective quality among sophisticated algorithms in the literature.
A Neurological Comparative Study of the Harp Seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Brain

The cetacean brain is well studied. However, few comparisons have been done with other marine mammals. In this study, we compared the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and the harbor porpoise brain (Phocoena phocoena). Stereological methods were applied to compare three areas of interest: the entire neocortex and two subdivisions of the neocortex, the auditory and visual cortices. The total number of neurons and glial cells in the three regions was estimated. The main results showed that the harbor porpoise have an estimated 14.9 × 109 neocortical neurons and 34.8 × 109 neocortical glial cells, whereas the harp seal have 6.1 × 109 neocortical neurons and 17.5 × 109 neocortical glial cells. The harbor porpoise have significantly more neurons and glial cells in the auditory cortex than in the visual cortex, whereas the pattern was opposite for the harp seal. These results are the first to provide estimates of the number of neurons and glial cells in the neocortex of the harp seal and harbor porpoise brain and offer new data to the comparative field of mammalian brain evolution. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CLE-like (CLEL) peptides control the pattern of root growth and lateral root development in Arabidopsis

CLE peptides, named for the CLV3/ESR-related peptide family, participate in intercellular-signaling pathways. Here we investigated members of the CLE-like (CLEL) gene family that encode peptide precursors recently designated as root growth factors [Matsuzaki Y et al. (2010) Science 329:1065–1067]. CLEL precursors share a similar domain structure with CLE precursors (i.e., they contain a putative N-terminal signal peptide and a C-terminal conserved 13-amino-acid CLEL motif with a variable middle portion). Our evidence shows that, unlike root growth factor, CLEL peptides are (i) unmodified and (ii) function in the regulation of the direction of root growth and lateral root development. Overexpression of several CLEL genes in Arabidopsis resulted in either long roots or long and wavy roots that also showed altered lateral root patterning. Exogenous application of unmodified synthetic 13-amino-acid peptides derived from two CLEL motifs resulted in similar phenotypic changes in roots of wild-type plants. In CLEL peptide-induced long roots, the root apical meristem (RAM) was enlarged and consisted of an increased number of cells, compared with wild-type root apical meristems. The wavy-root phenotype appeared to be independent of other responses of the roots to the environment (e.g., gravitropism, phototropism, and thigmotropism). Results also showed that the inhibition of lateral initiation by CLEL overexpression was not overcome by the application of auxin. These findings establish CLEL as a peptide family with previously unrecognized regulatory functions controlling the pattern of root growth and lateral root development in plants.
A Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope Survey for Gravitationally Lensed Galaxies: Further Evidence for a Significant Population of Low-Luminosity Galaxies beyond z = 7

We present the results of a systematic search for gravitationally lensed continuum Lyman break “dropouts” beyond a redshift 7 conducted via very deep imaging through six foreground clusters undertaken with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes. The survey has yielded 10 z-band and two J-band dropout candidates to photometric limits of J110≃ 26.2 AB (5 σ). Taking into account the magnifications afforded by our clusters (1-4 mag), we probe the presence of z > 7 sources to unlensed limits of J110≃ 30 AB, fainter than those charted in the Hubble Ultradeep Field. To verify the fidelity of our candidates we conduct a number of tests for instrumental effects which would lead to spurious detections, and carefully evaluate the likelihood of foreground contamination by considering photometric uncertainties in the dropout signature, the upper limits from stacked IRAC data and the statistics of multiply imaged sources. Overall, we conclude that we can expect about half of our sample of z-band dropouts to be at high redshift. An ambitious infrared spectroscopic campaign undertaken with the NIRSPEC spectrograph at the W. M. Keck Observatory for seven of the most promising candidates failed to detect any Lyα emission highlighting the challenge of making further progress in this field. While the volume density of high-redshift sources will likely remain uncertain until more powerful facilities are available, our data provides the first potentially interesting constraints on the UV luminosity function at z≃ 7.5 at intrinsically faint limits. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of the hypothesis that the bulk of the reionizing photons in the era 7 < z < 12 arise in low-luminosity galaxies undetected by conventional surveys.
Event-based consensus for a class of heterogeneous multi-agent systems: An LMI approach

Based on the theory of linear matrix inequalities (LMI), this paper proposes an event-based distributed consensus algorithm for linear multi-agent/sensor networks that are heterogeneous. The proposed scheme is event-based in the sense that each agent transmits its information to its neighbouring nodes only under predefined circumstances. Ensuring the stability of the closed-loop system, the Lyapunov theorem is utilized to compute design parameters (heterogeneous controller gains and transmission threshold) used in the proposed consensus algorithm. Numerical simulations demonstrate a performance gain in the convergence time and a reduction in the number of data transmissions with the proposed approach.
Safely Ruling Out Deep Venous Thrombosis in Primary Care

What is the problem and what is known about it so far? Blood clots in the large veins of the leg (called deep venous thrombosis) can cause serious problems. If pieces of clot break off, they can travel through the bloodstream to the lungs where they block part of the circulation through the lung, strain the heart, and interfere with allowing oxygen into the blood. Even when clots do not break off, they can damage the leg veins and cause painful leg swelling. Treatment with warfarin (a blood thinner) reduces the risk for these serious complications. Because too much warfarin causes serious bleeding events, it is important to make an accurate diagnosis before treating. The best way to diagnose blood clots in the leg veins is to make an image with an ultrasound scan. This test is expensive and is usually available only in a hospital. Because most patients with suspected clots in the leg veins first seek care in the doctor's office, a method that allows some patients to avoid ultrasonography would probably save money and be more convenient. Why did the researchers do this particular study? The researchers developed a method to identify patients who probably did not have a blood clot and had proved that this method worked in hospital practice. They wanted to see whether primary care doctors could successfully use the method in office practice. Their method used information from the patient's history, examination, and a blood test for clotting (called d-dimer). They used an in-office d-dimer test that provided results in a few minutes. Who was studied? 1028 patients (in 300 practices) who were suspected of having blood clots in the leg veins. How was the study done? The doctors asked the patient about factors related to blood clots, examined the patient, and did the d-dimer test. Each finding had a number that indicated how much the suspicion of blood clots was increased. The doctors added up the numbers for the findings that were present in a patient. A patient with a low total score had only a small chance of having blood clots, therefore, the patient was not sent to the hospital for ultrasound scanning and the doctor did not prescribe warfarin. Three months later, the researchers asked these low-risk patients if they had problems in the legs or lungs suspicious of a blood clot. What did the researchers find? Half of all patients had a low score, and thus did not have an ultrasound scan or receive warfarin. They had only a 1.4% chance of having a blood clot during the 3 months after seeing the doctor. What were the limitations of the study? The researchers could have missed some low-risk patients who developed blood clots after the doctor decided not to treat them. What are the implications of the study? Doctors can use clinical findings and the d-dimer test in a setting outside of the hospital to identify patients who are unlikely to have blood clots in the leg veins and do not need treatment.
Using Multiple Compacted Responses to Diagnose Scan Response Errors During Testing

Scan test vector and response volume are becoming prob­ lematic, and in industrial designs are complicated by the presence o f unknown values in test responses. Recent work has addressed this problem by devising X-tolerant codes that allow both compaction o f test responses and guaranteed detection o f errors despite the presence o f un­ known response values. The X-MISR scan compaction architecture [Mitra04] shows how random codes can be generated on-chip and used as X-tolerant codes to provide a single testing architecture that can be tuned to the needs o f the chip design and the ability to remove unknowns in test responses without change to the architecture itself yet provides several orders o f magnitude o f test response compaction. The architecture can take advantage o f com­ paction in both space and time. In this paper, we address the problem o f using the com­ pacted test response from such a stochastic system to iden­ tify the error syndrome o f the response without scanning the whole response out o f the chip. Effectively, this tech­ nique allows testing to focus on problematic areas o f a chip by simply running an erroneous test vector a small number o f times during testing (the compacted response contains sufficient information to identify such vectors). As the codes used during each run are random, the com­ pacted responses provide independent information about the error syndrome o f the chip, often allowing the scan cell or cells in error to be identified uniquely. Some types o f diagnostic data can thus be gathered during testing at a small cost in additional test response volume (two to six runs typically suffice). * Paper based on work performed in Sept, and Oct. 2004 and funded in part by National Science Foundation grant ACI-99-84492-CAREER. The work was also graciously supported by Intel Corporation. The con­ tent does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of either orga­ nization. The author wishes to thank Subhasish Mitra, Ed McCluskey, and Janak Patel for their support and for their helpful comments.
SnoN regulates mammary gland alveologenesis and onset of lactation by promoting prolactin/Stat5 signaling

Mammary epithelial cells undergo structural and functional differentiation at late pregnancy and parturition to produce and secrete milk. Both TGF-β and prolactin pathways are crucial regulators of this process. However, how the activities of these two antagonistic pathways are orchestrated to initiate lactation has not been well defined. Here, we show that SnoN, a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling, coordinates TGF-β and prolactin signaling to control alveologenesis and lactogenesis. SnoN expression is induced at late pregnancy by the coordinated actions of TGF-β and prolactin. The elevated SnoN promotes Stat5 signaling by enhancing its stability, thereby sharply increasing the activity of prolactin signaling at the onset of lactation. SnoN–/– mice display severe defects in alveologenesis and lactogenesis, and mammary epithelial cells from these mice fail to undergo proper morphogenesis. These defects can be rescued by an active Stat5. Thus, our study has identified a new player in the regulation of milk production and revealed a novel function of SnoN in mammary alveologenesis and lactogenesis in vivo through promotion of Stat5 signaling.
Regulated Charge Pump With New Clocking Scheme for Smoothing the Charging Current in Low Voltage CMOS Process

A regulated cross-couple charge pump with new charging current smoothing technique is proposed and verified in a 0.18- $\mu \text {m}~1.8$ -V/3.3-V CMOS process. The transient behaviors of 3-stage cross-couple charge pump and the expressions for the charging current are described in detail. The experiment results show that the charging current ripples are reduced by a factor of three through using the proposed new clocking scheme. The voltage ripples in the power supply line, which is connected with the charge pump input, are also smoothed greatly as the filter circuit does. The proposed scheme is used to decrease the smoothing capacitance in the power line of charge pump for reducing the size of implantable devices in biomedical application. In addition, the power efficiency is improved. The proposed cross-couple charge pump can provide 10.5-V output voltage with 3.5-mA output current, and the power efficiency of the charge pump can be up to 69%.
Inefficient Pre-Bargaining Search

We identify conditions under which a bargainer makes inefficiently large (small) investments in search for information about the opponent’s reservation price. The analysis starts with the observation that a player will invest too much (too little) if the opponent’s expected payoff is decreasing (increasing) in the probability that the player gets information. We develop comparative static results about over- and under-investment as a function of the efficiency and distributional properties of mechanisms, their dependence on search outcomes, and the nature of the trading problem. The results do not depend on any specific bargaining mechanism and are illustrated in several examples.
EPC application framework in the context of Internet of Things

Internet of Things philosophy implementation in conditions of the existing communication networks requires new types of services and interoperability. Once of the desired innovations is communication between existing IP world and the new generation network. Not just networks of smart devices that may not always have IP connectivity, but also other RFID-labeled objects and sensors. Fulfilling the need for high-quality applications for further more specific parameters of these objects internet of things, as may be location, serial number, distinctive and unique characters/connections, can add a proper extension of the existing network and system infrastructure with new information and naming service. Their purpose is not only to assign a unique identifier to the object, but also allow users to new services use other information associated with the selected object. The technology that enables the data processing, filtering and storage is defined in the Electronic Product Code Application Framework (EPCAF) as RFID middleware and EPCIS. One of the implementations of these standards is the Open Source solution Fosstrak. We experimented with Fosstrak system that was developed on Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by an academic initiative but nowadays we are going to prove its benefits in the context of business environment. The project is aimed also on connection and linking between systems of the EPCIS class made by the ONS systems.
Investigation of ischemia modified albumin, oxidant and antioxidant markers in acute myocardial infarction

Introduction Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is still one of the most common causes of death worldwide. In recent years, for diagnosis of myocardial ischemia, a new parameter, called ischemia modified albumin (IMA), which is thought to be more advantageous than common methods, has been researched. Aim In this study, systematic analysis of parameters considered to be related to myocardial ischemia has been performed, comparing between control and myocardial ischemia groups. Material and methods We selected 40 patients with AMI and 25 healthy controls for this study. Ischemia modified albumin levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzyme activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene and ascorbic acid levels were investigated in both groups. Glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress, were compared between patient and control groups. Results Ischemia modified albumin levels were found significantly higher in the AMI diagnosed group when compared with controls. The MDA level was elevated in the patient group, whereas the GSH level was decreased. SOD, GPx and CAT enzyme levels were decreased in the patient group, where it could be presumed that oxidative stress causes the cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions Due to the increased oxidative stress, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant capacity was affected. Systematic investigation of parameters related to myocardial infarction has been performed, and it is believed that such parameters can contribute to protection and early diagnosis of AMI and understanding the mechanism of development of the disease.
NSF expedition on variability-aware software: Recent results and contributions

Abstract In this paper we summarize recent results and contributions from the NSF Expedition on Variability-Aware Software, a five year, multi-university effort to tackle the problem of hardware variations and its implications and opportunities in software. The Expedition has made contributions in characterization and online monitoring of variations (particularly in microprocessors and flash memories), proposed new coding techniques for variability-tolerant storage, provided tools and platforms for the development of variability-aware software, and created new runtime support systems for variability-aware task-scheduling and execution.
An implementation of downlink asynchronous HARQ for LTE TDD system

The HARQ enables the error correction of the unsuccessfully decoded transport block, but it requires redundancy retransmissions and delay in receiving an acknowledgement. In order to provide the flexibility of scheduling, the DL of LTE system uses the asynchronous HARQ so that retransmissions occur at any time. Generally in the FDD, the HARQ round trip time (RTT) which is time interval between initial transmission and retransmission is fixed. In the TDD, UL/DL subframe is separated in time domain by UL-DL configuration, so the HARQ RTT is different according to each subframe and that would be longer than the FDD. Especially when retransmissions occur, if the HARQ RTT increases, the QoS requirement of the retransmitted packet would not be satisfied by increased end-to-end latency. In this paper, we suggest the method of implementing DL asynchronous HARQ in LTE TDD system that the eNB can apply by UL-DL configuration as minimizing the HARQ RTT, and analyze in aspect of the HARQ RTT.
Constructing discrete medial axis of 3-D objects

In this paper, an algorithm to construct the approximate medial axis of an object is proposed. The algorithm is based on the Delaunay triangulation of points on the object boundaries. Because the medial axis constructed by this algorithm consists of a set of discrete points, we call it the discrete medial axis. Based on the classification of these discrete points, the structure of the medial axis surfaces of a three-dimensional object are discussed in detail. The correctness of the algorithm is substantiated by a brief theoretical analysis.