Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Waves Causing Fatty Change in the Hepatocytes of the Developing Chick Embryo: Are Smart Phones too Close for Comfort?

This study was conducted to measure the electromagnetic waves (RFW) emitted by different mobile phones and to further examine the effects of these waves on the living cells. TriField meter Model 100XE was used to measure the electromagnetic waves (mW/cm2) emitted by different mobile phones while receiving a call. To explore the effects of electromagnetic waves on living cells, developing chick embryo was selected for this study. 40 chick fertilized eggs were equally divided into a control and an exposed group. 20 fertilized eggs were placed in an egg incubator with a mobile phone (SAR US: 1.10W/kg (head) 0.47 W/kg body) in silent mode having vibration disable mode. Mobile was called for total of 50 minutes in 24 hours. 20 embryos each were sacrificed at day 10 and 15, and histology of liver was conducted. The control group, 20 eggs were incubated in the same conditions, having removed the battery from the phone. The TriField readings from different mobile phones were classified into four groups according to the strength of the waves. Downloading from the net using WiFi also revealed high intensity of the waves. Histology of the liver: Control group at day 10, showed developing hepatocytes, row not well formed, and few sinusoids in-between with few scattered RBSs. At day 15, well-formed anastomosing cords of hepatocytes with prominent nucleus were observed and well-formed sinusoids lined by epithelium showing well-formed RBCs can be seen clearly. In the exposed group at day 10, the sinusoids were less visible and necrosis of hepatocytes was seen. At day 15, in all the embryos, hepatocytes showed marked infiltration of fatty vacuoles in their cytoplasm, necrosis of few hepatocytes showing deeply stained nucleus, derangement of rows forming classic hepatic lobule, absence of sinusoids and few scattered RBSs. Different mobile phones showed emission of electromagnetic waves whose intensity was high in the old version of mobile phones. These waves affected the development of liver in the chick embryo; hepatocytes revealed fatty change and derangement of sinusoids in the exposed group. This study concludes that the electromagnetic waves of the mobile phones affected the proliferation of living cells in chick embryo.
GERMINATION TIMING INFLUENCES NATURAL SELECTION ON LIFE-HISTORY CHARACTERS IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA

An experimental manipulation of germination timing was conducted to test whether germination timing influences the phenotypic expression of postgermination lifehistory characteristics and whether it alters natural selection on those characters. Seeds collected from five natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana in Kentucky were forced to germinate in early November, early December, and early March. Life-history characters such as timing of reproduction, size at reproduction, and size at senescence were measured, and fruit production and mortality were monitored. Germination timing significantly altered subsequent life-history characters and reproduction. November germinants were larger than December germinants when they began reproducing, and they commenced reproduction sooner. All spring germinants died before reproducing. Germination timing also influenced natural selection on life-history characters. December germinants were more strongly selected to be large at the time of reproduction than November germinants, indicating stronger selection for a faster growth rate in December germinants. Stabilizing selection on timing of reproduction was detected in December germinants but not in November germinants. Therefore, variation in germination timing influenced fitness, modified the phenotypic expression of important life-history characters, and altered the strength and mode of natural selection on them.
Survey on Efficient Audit Service to Ensure Data Integrity in Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is an internet based computing which provides different users an opportunity to store their data in the cloud. While data outsourcing relieves the owner of the burden of the local data storage and maintenance but as they have no longer physical possession of outsourced data makes data integrity protection a very challenging task. This paper explores the secure cryptographic hash function along with some other techniques that can be used by TPA to ensure the integrity of data stored in the cloud at regular intervals or on user request.
Incomplete and continuing: theoretical issues in the acquisition of tense and aspect

The acquisition of tense—aspect systems has been the subject of considerable research in the past several years. A major contribution to understanding this complex domain was presented in these pages by Weist, Wysocka, WitkowskaStadnik, Buczowska & Konieczna (1984). However, several assumptions in their presentation about child language theory and the child language literature require closer scrutiny. Weist et al. demonstrate quite elegantly the ecological invalidity of many of the early psycholinguistic experiments that attempted to neutralize the linguistic context while eliciting one or another linguistic form, such as in the study of verb tense-aspect inflection by Bronckart & Sinclair (1973). By neutralizing morphological priming, Bronckart & Sinclair proposed that the child would exhibit an unprejudiced selection of tense—aspect forms. However, such unbiased selection does not occur in the real world. Weist et al. clearly demonstrate that biasing the linguistic context aids children in using temporal deictic notions appropriately, as it does in real-life situations. This experimental success is accompanied by assumptions about the psychological nature of linguistically defined tense—aspect systems that have led them to an odd appraisal of prior research. The 'Defective Tense Hypothesis' they propose has only one logical interpretation: a cognitive structure exists but is missing some piece that will enable the structure to perform its full function. Implicit in the notion of 'defectivity' is the preformation of a cognitive structure, an issue debated between innatists and constructivists. By including Bloom, Lifter & Hafitz (1980) among those who propose a' defectivity' argument, Weist et al. ascribe to them a preformationist attitude. However, on the contrary, Bloom et al. did not attempt any such preformationist explanation of their data, nor did they adopt a defective tense
ARF in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome may be related to functional changes of the glomerular basal membrane.

BACKGROUND Acute renal failure (ARF) is a rare complication in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Several etiologic factors (renal vein thrombosis, side effect of such drugs as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and infections) have been described, but often such conditions are lacking, and hemodynamic derangements or changes in glomerular permeability are suspected. METHODS We assessed the role of alterations in renal perfusion and glomerular permeability by measuring clearances of inulin and para-aminohippurate before and during intravenous administration of a 20% albumin solution in patients with MCNS and oliguric ARF (serum creatinine > 1 mg/dL [88 micromol/L], urine output < 0.5 mL/kg body weight/h). RESULTS Eleven patients aged 2.5 to 15 years with biopsy-proven MCNS were studied. Before albumin administration, all patients had a significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), whereas most renal plasma flow (RPF) values were within the normal range. This resulted in a significantly decreased filtration fraction (FF; GFR/RPF x 100), which was extremely low (<7%) in 4 patients. There was a heterogeneous response to albumin administration. Albumin infusion tended to increase RPF, but changes did not reach statistical significance. Some patients showed an increase in glomerular filtration, whereas in others, it decreased. In 7 patients, FF remained unchanged or decreased even further. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that, although in some patients decreased intravascular volume may contribute to reduced renal function, changes in glomerular permeability may have a major role in ARF occurring in uncomplicated MCNS.
HTS Dual-Stator Spoke-Type Linear Vernier Machine for Leakage Flux Reduction

In this paper, a high-temperature superconductor dual-stator spoke-type linear vernier machine (HTS-DSSLVM) is proposed for wave energy extraction, which offers high-thrust force density and better power factor due to leakage flux reduction. HTS bulks are introduced in between the split flux modulation teeth to shield the leakage flux and hence improve the force density and power factor. The electromagnetic characteristics of the machine are comprehensively investigated and compared with that of a recently presented dual-stator spoke-type linear vernier machine (DSSLVM). The results show that the proposed machine yields higher thrust force and better power factor than the DSSLVM due to reduced leakage flux in the proposed machine.
Functional projection distances of spinal interneurons mediating reciprocal inhibition during swimming in Xenopus tadpoles

The basis for longitudinal coordination among spinal neurons during locomotion is still poorly understood. We have now examined the functional projection distances for the longitudinal axons of reciprocal inhibitory ‘commissural interneurons’ in the spinal cord of young Xenopus tadpoles. In quiescent animals, glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) were evoked in ventral spinal neurons by stimulating small rostral and caudal groups of commissural interneuron somata at different distances on the opposite side of the hindbrain and spinal cord. Unitary IPSPs, produced by single synaptic contacts, could be distinguished from background noise. Local cord stimulation at different distances revealed maximum functional projection distances up to ∼ 0.5 mm for both descending and ascending axons, but with the probability of recording connections falling steeply over this distance. These maximum longitudinal projection distances are smaller than predicted by axonal anatomy (∼ 1.2 mm). We then measured functional projection distances during swimming by examining the synaptic output of a surgically isolated group of rostral commissural interneurons, mapping the occurrence of the mid‐cycle, reciprocal IPSPs they produced in more caudal neurons. IPSPs occurred with high probability up to 0.9 mm away, nearly twice the projection distance found in quiescent tadpoles. These results show that synaptic contacts from commissural interneurons could influence longitudinal coupling during swimming at distances of up to 0.9 mm (∼ 4–5 myotome segments or ∼ 25% of the spinal cord). They provide direct evidence for functional projection distances of a characterized class of interneurons belonging to a spinal locomotor pattern generator.
A Structural Equation Model for Measuring the Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Loyalty on Employee Retention: An Indian Perspective

The role of human resource management practices and organizational loyalty dealing 16 with employee retention has been widely explored and examined in the existing literature. The 17 majority of human resource management researchers have focused on the role of policies and 18 practices in different sectors related to employee retention. However, less attention has been 19 given to identifying the practices and procedures common across all industries and sectors. The 20 present study attempts to determine and examine the most important constructs like HR 21 practices and organizational loyalty of employee retention management and proposes a 22 comprehensive structural equation model to measure the impact of these constructs on 23 employee retention. After an extensive review of the literature, organizational loyalty, and 24 human resources management practices like recruitment and selection, compensation and 25 benefit, training and development, supervision and evaluation have been identified as four 26 essential practices dealing with employee retention and are common across all industries. These 27 practices constitute the component factors of an employee retention management predicting 28 employee’s turnover intentions. The survey method was adopted, and the original data obtained 29 through the self-administered questionnaire. The valid one hundred and eighty-nine (189) 30 respondents analyzed by using Lisrel 8.7, Structural equation model (SEM) analysis results 31 shows that human resource management practices and organizational loyalty have strong 32 positive impact on employee retention. This study tends to assist human resource managers and 33 decision makers in selecting the appropriate motivating factors to retain and satisfy their 34 employees 35
MAS / LUCC model simulate Land Use change in Erhai Lake Basin based on ant colony algorithm

Land Use and Land Cover Change (LUCC) is the essential content of the study of the current global environmental change and sustainable development, and has a profound influence on regional water cycle, atmospheric circulation, environmental quality, climate change, and terrestrial ecosystem productivity. It is also the most important reason causing biodiversity attenuation. The MAS/LUCC model of this paper is designed to explore the mechanism of the spatial and temporal evolution of the land use change, which results from the interaction among government, residents, farmers, and other agents, the interaction between multi-agent and the environment where the agents live. The model also introduces the ant colony optimization to improve the simulation accuracy. Taking Erhai Lake Basin as a case, MAS/LUCC used the watershed land use classification map in 2000 as the initial data, predicted and simulated the land use types and structure of the watershed in 2010, using the land use classification map of 2010 as validation data. The accuracy of the model is 79.71% or so by the point-to-point verification method, and the ant colony optimization improves the precision of 8.94% compared with the model without it. Thus, it can be able to provide auxiliary decision support for the government and land-use planners to develop a land policy.
Electron-electron interaction in projectile ionization investigated by high resolution recoil ion momentum spectroscopy.

Contributions of the electron-electron and the nuclear-electron interactions to projectile electron loss in ${\mathrm{He}}^{+}$ on helium collisions have been clearly separated kinematically for the first time by measuring the longitudinal and transverse momenta of the recoiling target ion with precision of better than \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15 a.u. The longitudinal and transverse momentum distributions are in general agreement with two-center n-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations.
Auditory Hair Cell-Specific Deletion of p27Kip1 in Postnatal Mice Promotes Cell-Autonomous Generation of New Hair Cells and Normal Hearing

Hearing in mammals relies upon the transduction of sound by hair cells (HCs) in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss is a widespread and permanent disability due largely to a lack of HC regeneration in mammals. Recent studies suggest that targeting the retinoblastoma (Rb)/E2F pathway can elicit proliferation of auditory HCs. However, previous attempts to induce HC proliferation in this manner have resulted in abnormal cochlear morphology, HC death, and hearing loss. Here we show that cochlear HCs readily proliferate and survive following neonatal, HC-specific, conditional knock-out of p27Kip1 (p27CKO), a tumor suppressor upstream of Rb. Indeed, HC-specific p27CKO results in proliferation of these cells without the upregulation of the supporting cell or progenitor cell proteins, Prox1 or Sox2, suggesting that they remain HCs. Furthermore, p27CKO leads to a significant addition of postnatally derived HCs that express characteristic synaptic and stereociliary markers and survive to adulthood, although a portion of the newly derived inner HCs exhibit cytocauds and lack VGlut3 expression. Despite this, p27CKO mice exhibit normal hearing as measured by evoked auditory brainstem responses, which suggests that the newly generated HCs may contribute to, or at least do not greatly detract from, function. These results show that p27Kip1 actively maintains HC quiescence in postnatal mice, and suggest that inhibition of p27Kip1 in residual HCs represents a potential strategy for cell-autonomous auditory HC regeneration.
Locations of the genes from pepD through proA on the physical map of the Escherichia coli chromosome

Peptidase D is one of at least six peptide-hydrolyzing enzymes of Escherichia coli (9). By sequence analysis of the 5' flanking and amino-terminal regions of the corresponding gene, pepD, we were able to show that it is contiguous to the adjacent gpt locus (4). Combination of this sequence with the already-known sequences of the gpt (10), phoE (11), and proBA (2) genes and of two additional open reading frames (49kDa and 15kDa, encoding 49and 15-kDa proteins, respectively) (10, 11) yielded a continuous 6,752-bp stretch of DNA sequence extending from the 3' end of proA to the 5' end of the reversely transcribed pepD gene (Fig. 1A). Applying a computer analysis, Watanabe and Kunisawa (12) found that the restriction maps predicted from this sequence matched the physical map of Kohara et al. (6) in the region of the previously reported genetic map position (1) around 5.7 min. In order to experimentally verify the location of the pepD gene, we used several digoxigenin-labeled DNA fragments, isolated from plasmid pJK11 (5), to probe DNA from three lambda clones of the Kohara "miniset" library (6, 7) (Fig. 1C). As we had recently sequenced the entire pepD gene (3),
The Effects of an Employment Tax Enforcement Regime on US Small Business and Proprietor Payment Compliance

The Effects of an Employment Tax Enforcement Regime on US Small Business and Proprietor Payment Compliance by Rafael Dacal April 2017 Chair: Dr. Detmar W. Straub, Jr Major Academic Unit: J. Mack Robinson College of Business This study attempted to identify ways to improve voluntary compliance and minimize taxpayer burden, but also tries to understand the behavior of taxpayers’ compliance given the compliance regimen. Most explicitly, it attempted to identify ways to improve payment compliance using regimens already utilized in other parts of the tax code. The research question was whether different tax regimes, such as safe harbor, can change the behavior of employment tax payment for small business or self-employed taxpayers. The idea was to determine if a safe harbor provision can reduce the proclivity of authorized individuals to implement a payroll tax dilemma strategy and whether or regimen can reduce payment noncompliance in time of economic distress. To answer the research question, an online experiment was employed. The experimental design was an impact study. The population of interest in this study was all authorized individuals from small and self-employed firms. The sample size totaled 205, and it was based on the apriori sample size calculation. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was chosen as the data analysis technique, but other nonparametric test and logistic regression models were used to further analyze the data. This study showed that for subjects who did not subscribed to
Seemingly Unrelated Interventions: Environmental Management Systems in the Workplace and Energy Conservation Behaviors at Home

To reduce their environmental impacts, a growing number of organizations worldwide have implemented environmental management systems (EMSs). In these organizations, energy conservation activities become usual behaviors for employees; thus, we hypothesize that employees continue such energy conservation behaviors at home. This hypothesis is supported by data from surveys of individuals in Japan. Specifically, we find that the probability of engaging in energy conservation practices at home is higher and that expenditures on electricity use are lower for individuals who work in organizations that implement EMSs than for individuals who do not work in organizations with EMSs. Our results suggest that beyond the original purpose of helping organizations reduce their environmental impacts, EMSs work as an intervention to promote household energy conservation.
A pentamer-repeat-containing DNA sequence in Texas bluebonnet (Lupinus texensis Hook.)

A 654-bp EcoRI restriction fragment called Lup4 was shotgun cloned from Texas bluebonnet (Lupinus texensis Hook.) nuclear genomic DNA that had been extracted from plant leaves. Its sequence was determined on both strands. Southern blot analysis of EcoRI-digested Texas bluebonnet DNA revealed clone hybridization throughout the approximately 1.0 to > 23 kb size range; the darkest hybridization was in the high molecular weight range (approximately 6 to > 23 kb). Using dot blot analysis, the copy number of the 654-bp clone was estimated to be approximately 4.75 x 10(4) copies per haploid genome, and thus this repetitive sequence comprises 3.5-4.1% of the nuclear genome. Sequence analyses showed that this clone contains multiple repeats: mainly the ATTGG pentamer, but also derivative pentamers (e.g., GTTGG, TTTGG, ATAGG, and GGATT). Examination of DNA base occurrence revealed a strand bias in base composition. Data-base searches using the algorithm FASTA revealed no alignment with existing plant data base sequences, but showed sequence identity with several telomeric and satellite DNA sequences. The two highest-scoring alignments were with another pentamer-containing sequence from a telomeric region of the nematode Parascaris univalens.
MRT letter: Real time and in situ imaging the reversible evolution of ethanol vapor condensed on mica surface

The reversible adsorption and desorption of ethanol vapor on mica surface at ambient temperature were investigated in situ with time‐evolution by Vibrating Scanning Polarization Force Microscopy (VSPFM). At temperature 20°C and relative humidity 20%, ethanol vapor condensed and formed clusters on the freshly cleaved mica. These clusters expanded to a network structure and later formed a full film shown by continuous VSPFM imaging. The film broke into pieces and desorbed completely if in unsaturated condition. The film showed different apparent heights when different biases were used in VSPFM study, indicated polarized orientation of the ethanol molecules on the mica surface. It is a process of hours for the clusters or network structures to form a film on mica, which demonstrated that vapor ethanol molecule is not so easy to precipitate on mica as ethanol molecule in liquid stage. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cyclooxygenase‐2, prostaglandin E2 glycerol ester and nitric oxide are involved in muscarine‐induced presynaptic enhancement at the vertebrate neuromuscular junction

• The synapse between a nerve and muscle, called the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), undergoes a biphasic modulation, a decrease followed by an increase, when muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are continuously activated. • The initial depression is caused by the endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonylglycerol (2‐AG), which is synthesized in and released from the muscle; 2‐AG then activates cannabinoid receptors on the presynaptic nerve. • In the work presented here, we explored the mechanism responsible for the delayed enhancement, uncovering a role for the enzyme cyclooxygenase‐2 and locating it in the glial cells at the NMJ called perisynaptic Schwann cells (PSCs) where it converts 2‐AG into the glycerol ester of prostaglandin E2. • These results reveal a complex mechanism for regulating neurotransmitter release that involves the nerve, muscle and PSCs (i.e. the tripartite synapse) and may serve to ensure reliable neuromuscular transmission during periods of intense or long‐term activity.