Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is corporate social responsibility an agency problem

The severe consequences of the global financial crisis 2008-2009 and numerous accounting frauds and financial scandals over the last fifteen years have let to calls for more ethical and responsible actions in all economic activities including consumption, investing, governance and regulation. Despite the fact that ethics in business and corporate social responsibility rules have been adopted in various countries, more efforts have to be devoted to motivate and empower more actors to integrate ethical behavior and rules in making business and managerial decisions. The Research Handbook of Finance and Sustainability will provide the readers but particularly investors, managers, and policymakers with comprehensive coverage of the issues at the crossroads of finance, ethics and sustainable development as well as proposed solutions, while focusing on three different levels: corporations, investment funds, and financial markets.
A Method of Data Preprocessing for Network Security Situational Awareness Based on Conditional Random Fields

Network Security Situational Awareness(NSSA) has been a hot research in the network security domain. Because of the large amount of Intrusion Detection System (IDS), We propose a new method of data preprocessing for NSSA based on conditional random fields(CRFs). It takes advantages of the CRFs models which can stitch to sequence data marking and add random attributes to deal with the amount of data from IDS, and provide the data for NSSA. It uses KDD Cup 1999 data sets as experimental data and comes to a conclusion that our proposed method is practicable, reliable and efficient.
An Optimal and Progressive Approach to Online Search of Top-K Influential Communities

Community search over large graphs is a fundamental problem in graph analysis. Recent studies propose to compute top-k influential communities, where each reported community not only is a cohesive subgraph but also has a high influence value. The existing approaches to the problem of top-k influential community search can be categorized as index-based algorithms and online search algorithms without indexes. The index-based algorithms, although being very efficient in conducting community searches, need to pre-compute a special-purpose index and only work for one built-in vertex weight vector. In this paper, we investigate on-line search approaches and propose an instance-optimal algorithm LocalSearch whose time complexity is linearly proportional to the size of the smallest subgraph that a correct algorithm needs to access without indexes. In addition, we also propose techniques to make LocalSearch progressively compute and report the communities in decreasing influence value order such that k does not need to be specified. Moreover, we extend our framework to the general case of top-k influential community search regarding other cohesiveness measures. Extensive empirical studies on real graphs demonstrate that our algorithms outperform the existing online search algorithms by several orders of magnitude.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Novel Lactobacillus salivarius Strain Isolated from Piglet

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus salivarius is part of the vertebrate indigenous microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, and milk. The properties associated with some L. salivarius strains have led to their use as probiotics. Here we describe the draft genome of the pig isolate L. salivarius cp400, providing insights into host-niche specialization.
Transceiver Optimization for Two-Hop MIMO Relay Systems With Direct Link and MSE Constraints

In this paper, we investigate the transceiver design in a two-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) relay system with the direct link and quality-of-service (QoS) constraint. The QoS criterion is specified by the upper bound of the mean-squared error of the signal waveform estimation at the destination node. To minimize the total system transmission power, we apply a new AF relay protocol where the source node transmits signals during both time slots. Two iterative algorithms are proposed to jointly optimize the source and relay precoding matrices for the general case with multiple concurrent data streams, and the special case where a single data stream is transmitted, respectively. Simulation results show the effectiveness of both proposed algorithms. Interestingly, for the single data stream case, the second algorithm converges faster than the first algorithm. Compared with conventional two-hop MIMO relay systems where the source node is silent at the second time slot, the new protocol reduces the system transmission power. Under a given system transmission power, the proposed algorithms yield a higher system mutual information thanks to a better utilization of the direct link. Simulation results in this paper shed lights on some fundamental questions in relay system design such as when direct communication between source and destination (without any relay nodes) is optimal, and when the new AF relay protocol provides a larger gain compared with the conventional single phase source power allocation.
Linear Multi-Task Learning for Predicting Soil Properties Using Field Spectroscopy

Field spectroscopy has been suggested to be an efficient method for predicting soil properties using quantitative mathematical models in a rapid and non-destructive manner. Traditional multivariate regression algorithms usually regard the modeling of each soil property as a single task, which means only one response variable is considered as the output during modeling. Therefore, these algorithms are less suitable for the prediction of several key soil properties with low concentrations or unobvious spectral absorption signals. In the current study, we investigated the performance of a linear multi-task learning (LMTL) algorithm based on a regularized dirty model for modeling and predicting several key soil properties using field spectroscopy (350–2500 nm) as an integrated approach. We tested seven key soil properties including available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), pH, water content (WC), organic matter (OM), and electrical conductivity (EC) in drylands. The model performances of LMTL models were compared with the commonly used single-task algorithm of the partial least squares regression (PLS-R). Our results show that the LMTL models outperformed the PLS-R models with the advantage of shared features; the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) values in the validation set improved by 10.24%, 4.93%, 25.77%, 11.76%, 6.74%, 53.13%, and 3.15% for N, P, K, pH, WC, OM, and EC, respectively. The best prediction was obtained for OM with RPD = 2.29, indicating high accuracy (RPD > 2). The prediction results of N, P, WC, and pH were categorized as of moderate accuracy (1.4 < RPD < 2), while K and EC were categorized as of poor accuracy (RPD < 1.4). However, the explanatory power of the LMTL models was moderate due to fewer features being selected by the regularization algorithm of the LMTL approach, which should be further studied in the soil spectral analysis. Our results highlight the use of LMTL in field spectroscopy analysis that can improve the generalization performance of regression models for predicting soil properties.
Clinical Implications of Ethical Concepts: Moral Self-Understandings in Children Taking Methylphenidate for ADHD

Stimulant drug treatments for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been a particular target of ethical controversy and debate. Bioethicists have raised concerns about the implications of stimulant drug treatment for child authenticity, individuality, and enhancement. There is at present little empirical evidence to support or deny these concerns. This article presents data from a pilot interview study that investigated children's moral self-understandings in relation to ADHD diagnosis and stimulant drug treatment, with a focus on children's understandings of their authentic selves. Stimulant drug treatment does not appear to undermine a child's sense of personal authenticity: In this study, children reported that they believed a core dimension of their `real' selves was persistently `bad', despite medication. This finding complicates two bioethical assumptions: That the authentic person is inherently good, and that there is inherent value in the experience of having access to a core, authentic dimension of oneself. Some important preliminary clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Özel Güvenlik Polis İşbirliğinin Özel Güvenlik Görevlilerinin İş Doyumları Üzerine Etkisi (The Effect of Private Security Police Cooperation on Job Satisfaction of Private Security Officers)

Yöntem – Araştırmanın evrenini Bursa’da çalışan özel güvenlik görevlileri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada tesadüfi örneklem kullanılmıştır. Uygulanan anket neticesinde analize uygun 702 veri araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada Weiss vd. (1967) tarafından geliştirilen Minnesota İş Doyum Ölçeği ve araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Özel Güvenlik Polis İşbirliği Düzeyi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
A soft decoder vector quantizer for a Rayleigh fading channel: application to image transmission

A Hadamard-based framework for soft decoding in vector quantization over a Rayleigh fading channel is presented. We also provide an efficient algorithm for decoding calculations. The system has relatively low complexity, and gives low transmission rate since no redundant channel coding is used. Our image coding simulations indicate that the soft decoder outperforms its hard decoding counterpart. The relative gain is larger for bad channels. Simulations also indicate that encoder training for hard decoding suffices to get good results with the soft decoder.
A New FBP-type Algorithm on Improving Feldkamp Reconstruction for Z-axially Untruncated Data from a Circular Orbit

The Feldkamp algorithm is the most popular algorithm for circular cone-beam CT. In spite of its approximate character, it preserves four good properties of accuracy. Recently, we expanded the reconstruction definition domain of Feldkamp algorithm to all the points in 3D space. We proved the Feldkamp reconstruction in this expanded definition domain preserves the value of integrals along oblique lines in an oblique angular range larger than the original Feldkamp reconstruction. In this paper, we find the Feldkamp algorithm backprojects some available information outside the actual object support, even the whole 3D space. In other words, if we can draw the Feldkamp reconstruction value outside the object and append them to inside the object, the Feldkamp reconstruction would be greatly improved. So, we use the computed exact stereogram to improve the Feldkamp reconstruction to produce satisfactory images in the case of relatively large cone angles without increasing any radiation dose. Finally, numerical simulations are present to demonstrate the effectiveness of the improved algorithm.
The Effect of Wrist Guards on Wrist and Arm Injuries Among Snowboarders: A Systematic Review

Objective:To systematically review studies that examined the effectiveness of wrist guards in preventing wrist injuries among snowboarders. Data Source:MEDLINE (1966-March 2005), EMBASE (1988-March 2005), Cochrane (2005 Issue 1), Sport Discus (1975-March 2005) were searched using variations of the term “snowboard. ” PubMED was searched for the year 2005 to capture any recently published studies not yet indexed in MEDLINE. The reference lists of included studies and conference proceedings were also searched. Study Selection:Studies were included if the number of wrist injuries between wrist guarded and unguarded snowboarders could be ascertained. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies were included. Six studies were included. Data Extraction:Information regarding study design, patient characteristics, wrist guard characteristics, data source (for cohort and case-control studies), and results (type and severity of injury, compliance, and adverse events) were extracted. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Data Synthesis:Data from RCTs and cohort studies were expressed as relative risks with odds ratios presented for case-control studies. The risk of wrist injury (RR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.41), wrist fracture (RR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.87), and wrist sprain (RR: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.41) was significantly reduced with the use of wrist guards. Among the case-control studies, wrist guards significantly lowered the odds of sustaining a wrist injury (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.62). In an RCT, the risk ratio suggested wrist guards protect the shoulder (RR: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.01, 4.60). Nonexperimental data suggested the possibility that wrist guards may increase the risk of finger and elbow-shoulder injuries. Conclusions:Wrist guards reduce the risk of wrist injuries among snowboarders. For every 50 snowboarders who were a wrist guard, one wrist injury will be averted. Future research should focus on determining the optimal type of wrist guard and if they increase the risk of other upper extremity injuries.
Navigation approaches for hovering autonomous underwater vehicles

For an intelligent autonomous underwater system to interact with its environment, it needs to achieve a navigation solution as accurate as possible. Traditional dead reckoning approach can only achieve a low drift error; therefore, the position accuracy monotonically decreases with distance traveled. Approaches such as simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and sharing location information between different vehicles can improve localization accuracy. The approaches for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) navigation and preliminary experimental and simulations results will be presented in this work.
Reliability analysis in N-version programming with dependent failures

In fault-tolerant software, to enhance the reliability, one of the major approaches is N-version programming. The modeling studies provided in literature help us to understand under which conditions these approaches increase the software reliability. In this paper, the models given in literature for N-version programming are reviewed. We discuss the deficiency in one of these models trying to improve it to agree with another independent reliability model. Furthermore, we examine how we can combine the dependency concept with the independent reliability model and the subject of how we can extend it for N value. By taking into consideration the dependent failure behavior, a "dependent failure" parameter is introduced to the reliability model in case the events are /spl alpha/-dependent. Here, /spl alpha/ measures the similarity percentage of the input sets on which each pair of versions fail.
Women's Empowerment Model through Development of Households Industry Locally Specific in District of Abang, Karangasem Regency

This study aims to identify the profile of households handicraft industries and to propose strengthening women’s strategic role models through the development of households industries locally specific. Household industry profiles were analyzed descriptively and The Analytic Network Process (ANP) was selected as women's empowerment priority decision analysis tools and Super Decisions software as supporters. The results showed that (a) most household’s handicraft industries in the District of Abang, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province are classified as business-type starters and undeveloped; (b) rural people assume that women's businesses are conducted merely as a sideline and there has been no attempt to reach a wider market segment; (c) the contribution of women in the household handicraft industry can be summed up very strong, but not as a profitable business for themselves; (d) the results of Analytic Network Process (ANP) showed that the strengthening of the competence of human resources is the best alternative to the empowerment of women by relative priority of 39%. It is therefore, in applying the strategy of strengthening the competency of human resources, women need to incorporate important strategic orientation and product innovation capabilities in order to expand the business and in turn is able to increase the scale of their business from households scale only becomes SMEs.
Identification of Immunodominant Antigens fromHelicobacter pylori and Evaluation of Their Reactivities with Sera from Patients with Different Gastroduodenal Pathologies

ABSTRACT Colonization of the gastric mucosa by Helicobacter pylori is the major cause of gastroduodenal pathologies in humans. Studying the outcome of the humoral immune response directed against this gastric pathogen may contribute substantially to vaccine development and to the improvement of diagnostic techniques based on serology. By using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, 29 proteins from H. pylori G27 were identified which strongly react with sera derived from H. pylori-infected patients suffering from different gastroduodenal pathologies. These antigens were characterized by mass spectrometry and proved to correspond to products of open reading frames predicted by the H. pylorigenome sequence. The comparison of the antigenic patterns recognized by these sera revealed no association of specific H. pyloriantigens with antibodies in patients with particular gastroduodenal pathologies.
Solution-processed polycrystalline silicon on paper

Printing electronics has led to application areas which were formerly impossible with conventional electronic processes. Solutions are used as inks on top of large areas at room temperatures, allowing the production of fully flexible circuitry. Commonly, research in these inks have focused on organic and metal-oxide ink materials due to their printability, while these materials lack in the electronic performance when compared to silicon electronics. Silicon electronics, on the other hand, has only recently found their way in solution processes. Printing of cyclopentasilane as the silicon ink has been conducted and devices with far superior electric performance have been made when compared to other ink materials. A thermal annealing step of this material, however, was necessary, which prevented its usage on inexpensive substrates with a limited thermal budget. In this work, we introduce a method that allows polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) production directly from the same liquid silicon ink using excimer laser irradiation. In this way, poly-Si could be formed directly on top of paper even with a single laser pulse. Using this method, poly-Si transistors were created at a maximum temperature of only 150? °C. This method allows silicon device formation on inexpensive, temperature sensitive substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate or paper, which leads to applications that require low-cost but high-speed electronics.
GRASPhere: a prototype to augment indirect touch with grasping gestures

We present in this work GRASPhere, a prototype device that enables users to select and manipulate on-screen objects with grasping gestures. We demonstrate GRASPhere as an extension of a widely-employed force-sensing device, the Phantom OMNI. The hardware design of GRASPhere employs a minimum of components that cost less than $20, which makes our prototype easily replicable for practitioners interested in incorporating grasping gestures into their own force-feedback interactive applications. We discuss application opportunities for GRASPhere, such as exploring multimedia data with physical metaphors and providing assistance to people with visual impairments during indirect touch interaction.
The fall and rise of intellectual capital accounting: new prospects from the Big Data revolution

Purpose As Big Data is creating new underpinnings for organisations’ intellectual capital (IC) and knowledge management, this paper aims to analyse the implications of Big Data for IC accounting to provide new conceptual and practical insights about the future of IC accounting. Design/methodology/approach Based on a conceptual framework informed by decision science theory, the authors explain the factors supporting Big Data’s value and review the academic literature and practical evidence to analyse the implications of Big Data for IC accounting. Findings In reflecting on Big Data’s ability to supply a new value for IC and its implications for IC accounting, the authors conclude that Big Data represents a new IC asset, and this represents a rationale for a renewed wave of interest in IC accounting. IC accounting can contribute to understand the determinants of Big Data’s value, such as data quality, security and privacy issues, data visualisation and users’ interaction. In doing so, IC measurement, reporting and auditing need to keep focusing on how human capital and organisational and technical processes (structural capital) can unlock or even obstruct Big Data’s value for IC. Research limitations/implications The topic of Big Data in IC and accounting research is in its infancy; therefore, this paper acts at a normative level. While this represents a research limitation of the study, it is also a call for future empirical studies. Practical implications Once again, practitioners and researchers need to face the challenge of avoiding the trap of IC accountingisation to make IC accounting relevant for the Big Data revolution. Within the euphoric and utopian views of the Big Data revolution, this paper contributes to enriching awareness about the practical factors underpinning Big Data’s value for IC and foster the cognitive and behavioural dynamic between data, IC information and user interaction. Social implications The paper is relevant to prepares, users and auditors of financial statements. Originality/value This paper aims to instill a novel debate on Big Data into IC accounting research by providing new avenues for future research.
FGFR2 risk SNPs confer breast cancer risk by augmenting oestrogen responsiveness

Summary The fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) locus is the ‘top hit’ in genome-wide association studies for breast cancer. Here, we examine the effect of FGFR2 signalling on transcriptional networks in breast cancer and propose a mechanism for FGFR2 risk single-nucleotide polymorphism function.
Role of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 in Type I Interferon Responses in Rotavirus-Infected Dendritic Cells and Fibroblasts

ABSTRACT The main pathway for the induction of type I interferons (IFN) by viruses is through the recognition of viral RNA by cytosolic receptors and the subsequent activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), which drives IFN-α/β transcription. In addition to their role in inducing an antiviral state, type I IFN also play a role in modulating adaptive immune responses, in part via their effects on dendritic cells (DCs). Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to interfere with type I IFN induction, and one recently reported strategy for achieving this is by targeting IRF-3 for degradation, as shown for rotavirus nonstructural protein 1 (NSP1). It was therefore of interest to investigate whether rotavirus-exposed DCs would produce type I IFN and/or mature in response to the virus. Our results demonstrate that IRF-3 was rapidly degraded in rotavirus-infected mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and type I IFN was not detected in these cultures. In contrast, rotavirus induced type I IFN production in myeloid DCs (mDCs), resulting in their activation. Type I IFN induction in response to rotavirus was reduced in mDCs from IRF-3−/− mice, indicating that IRF-3 was important for mediating the response. Exposure of mDCs to UV-treated rotavirus induced significantly higher type I IFN levels, suggesting that rotavirus-encoded functions also antagonized the response in DCs. However, in contrast to MEFs, this action was not sufficient to completely abrogate type I IFN induction, consistent with a role for DCs as sentinels for virus infection.