Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Principal component analysis for authorship attribution

Principal component analysis for authorship attribution Background: To recognize the authors of the texts by the use of statistical tools, one first needs to decide about the features to be used as author characteristics, and then extract these features from texts. The features extracted from texts are mostly the counts of so called function words. Objectives: The data extracted are processed further to compress as a data with less number of features, such a way that the compressed data still has the power of effective discriminators. In this case feature space has less dimensionality then the text itself. Methods/Approach: In this paper, the data collected by counting words and characters in around a thousand paragraphs of each sample book, underwent a principal component analysis performed using neural networks. Once the analysis was complete, the first of the principal components is used to distinguish the books authored by a certain author. Results: The achieved results show that every author leaves a unique signature in written text that can be discovered by analyzing counts of short words per paragraph. Conclusions: In this article we have demonstrated that based on analyzing counts of short words per paragraph authorship could be traced using principal component analysis. Methodology could be used for other purposes, like fraud detection in auditing.
Modulation of Ligand binding by alternative splicing of the αPS2 integrin subunit

The Drosophila αPS2 integrin subunit is found in two isoforms. αPS2C contains 25 residues not found in αPS2m8, encoded by the alternative eighth exon. Previously, it was shown that cells expressing αPS2C spread more effectively than αPS2m8 cells on fragments of the ECM protein Tiggrin, and that αPS2C‐containing integrins are relatively insensitive to depletion of Ca2+. Using a ligand mimetic probe for Tiggrin affinity (TWOW‐1), we show that the affinity of αPS2CβPS for this ligand is much higher than that of αPS2m8βPS. However, the two isoforms become more similar in the presence of activating levels of Mn2+. Modeling indicates that the exon 8‐encoded residues replace the third β strand of the third blade of the α subunit β‐propeller structure, and generate an exaggerated loop between this and the fourth strand. αPS2 subunits with the extra loop structure but with an m8‐like third strand, or subunits with a C‐like strand but an m8‐like short loop, both fail to show αPS2C‐like affinity for TWOW‐1. Surprisingly, a single C > m8‐like change at the third strand‐loop transition point is sufficient to make αPS2C require Ca2+ for function, despite the absence of any known cation binding site in this region. These data indicate that alternative splicing in integrin α subunit extracellular domains may affect ligand affinity via relatively subtle alterations in integrin conformation. These results may have relevance for vertebrate α6 and α7, which are alternatively spliced at the same site. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 211–223, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Task-Oriented Probabilistic Active Vision

In this work, an explicitly task-oriented approach to the active vision problem is presented. The system tries to reduce the most relevant components of the uncertainty in the world model, for the task the robot is currently performing. It is task oriented in the sense that it explicitly considers a task-specific value function. As test-bed for the presented active vision approach, we selected a robot soccer attention problem: goal-covering by a goalie player. The proposed system is compared with information-based approaches. Experimental results show that it surpasses them in the tested application. We conclude that, when the goal is not the uncertainty reduction itself, the minimization of the belief entropy is not a useful optimality criterion, and that for such cases, task-oriented optimality criteria are better suited.
Policies Convertible Bonds and Stock Liquidity

This paper shows that the probability of exercise of convertible bonds issued against a firm’s stock directly affects the liquidity of the stock itself. Using the ratio of absolute stock return to its dollar volume as a proxy for stock liquidity I demonstrate that there is a direct and positive relationship between conversion probability and stock liquidity while controlling for firm size, book to market equity value and firm beta. I describe the effect of unlisted convertible debt on the liquidity of listed firms in the US, Korea and Singapore. The effects of conversion probability on stock liquidity are less pronounced for smaller firms, which helps explain time series variations in the liquidity premiums for smaller firms over time. The relationship between convertibles and stock liquidity is mainly attributed to the expected increase in the number of shares available for trade upon conversion and the expected change in the capital structure of the firm. JEL Classification: G12, G15, C25
The Equity in Equity Issuances

We investigate the robustness of the long-run underperformance of initial public offering (IPO) and seasoned equity offering (SEO) firms from 1975-1992. The conclusion that issuer underperformance is unique is questioned by our results. We find that underperformance is largely concentrated in the smallest issuing firms. IPO firms perform identical to nonissuing firms matched on the basis of size and book-to-market. SEO firm returns can be priced by four factor regression models indicating common covariation in SEO returns with nonissuing firms. Furthermore, SEO underperformance disappears for issuances beyond the first SEO. We find that the results are robust to purging benchmarks and factor returns of IPO and SEO firms.
Texture image segmentation using fused features and active contour

This paper introduces an effective active contour model for texture segmentation. To improve the robustness against noise and illumination, a novel descriptor named local statistical variation degree (LSVD) is presented to express textural features, which uses corner point deletion and isolated region detection operations to eliminate image patches unrelated with object regions. And then the fused features combined LSVD with Gabor can be constructed to express image structure in many scene. During the texture segmentation stage, a factorization based fitting energy is proposed to measure the weights of representative features in the features computed from image regions. This fitting energy can be used to localize region boundary more accurately. Moreover, a boundary shrinking method is put forward to improve the reliability of representative features. By comparing our proposed method with the recent texture segmentation models on synthetic images and natural images, we demonstrate that the novel active contour model can obtain accurate segmentation results and is robust to noise, illumination and position of initial contour.
Multi-Population Based Ensemble Mutation Method for Single Objective Bilevel Optimization Problem

Differential evolution algorithm is an effective and population-based global optimization algorithm, which has been successfully used in many different fields. In this paper, the proposed algorithm attempts to combine the advantage of the evolutionary algorithm and local search to find the global optimum solutions with the low computational cost for the single objective bilevel optimization problem. For the upper level optimization, a multi-population-based ensemble mutation method is proposed to enhance the convergence rate of the algorithm and diversity maintenance. For the lower level optimization, a local search based on sequential quadratic programming method is used to find the best solution and then return the final solution into the upper level optimization. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, eight benchmark functions chosen from the literature are employed. Compared with some previous evolutionary algorithms, the results show the superior performance of the proposed algorithm over other algorithms in handling single objective bilevel optimization problem.
Chapter 5 Online Reporting of Sustainability: A Study of Global Clothing Suppliers

Corporate sustainability focuses on three key organisational aspects including social, environmental and financial performance. It deals with how to organise and manage human actions in such a way that they meet physical and psychological demands without compromising the ecological, social and economic base which enables these needs to be met (Unerman, Bebbington, & O'Dwyer, 2007). The fundamental view of sustainability is that organisations should not pursue economic gains at the expense of society (e.g. human rights violations), ecology (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions) and the future generations. The main aim in this chapter is to focus on corporate social and environmental sustainability. In particular, this chapter focuses on the online social and environmental sustainability performance reporting practices of three global supply organisations operating in Bangladesh which is regarded as a developing nation. Social and environmental sustainability activities and associated reporting is a central part of the analysis as it appears that global garments supply organisations in developing nations respond to meet the needs of those stakeholders who are affected by their operations.
Multilevel current source converter based on SHEPWM

With the development of superconductive technology of high temperature, multilevel current source converter (CSC) will be widely used in power system. The selected harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) technique for multilevel CSC is presented in this paper. Simulation results prove the advantages of the method such as low switching frequency, high output current quality, high output power and perfect linearity. SHEPWM is a very effective control strategy applicable to multilevel CSC.
Word fragments as aids to recall: the organization of a word.

This paper discusses the organization of a single word. It shows that the beginning of a word is the best cue for eliciting that word; the middle is the poorest cue. S was shown a list of words 1 by 1 on a memory drum. (Some lists had 6-letter words and some had 9-letter words.) Then S saw a fragment of the word, and he had to recall the entire word. The fragment was the beginning, or the middle, or the end of the word. 1 list, for example, contained the word "recognize," and S was shown the fragment "r e c -," or " o g n ," or " i z e. " A beginning fragment elicited the correct response most readily and with the shortest latency. The middle elicited the correct response least readily and with the longest latency. These results are also related to the issue of associative symmetry.
Temperature dependence of critical current at 4.2 K-55 K of conduction-cooled Bi2212/Ag wires for SMES

In this paper, fundamental characteristics of conduction-cooled Bi2212/Ag wires and coils for HTS SMES were investigated, in terms of critical current at different temperatures at 4.2 K-55 K. Experimental results revealed that the critical current did not always increase with the temperature decrease, but was saturated or even decreased, depending on the test sample condition. Thermal analysis considering temperature dependence of specific heat and thermal conductivity of the materials could explain the critical current-temperature characteristics, and suggest the possibility to optimize the operating temperature of SMES.
Assessing tourist satisfaction: An exploratory study of Korean youth tourists in Australia.

This study examines tourist satisfaction/dissatisfaction among younger Korean tourists as determined by the perceived discrepancy between the pre-trip expectation and post-trip performance regarding the destination attractiveness and the tourist activity in Australia. Through a series of t-tests, it reveals that there were some variables significantly different between pre-trip expectation and post-trip perception. Stepwise multiple regression results also indicate that there were some important variables which related tourist satisfaction with destination attractiveness.
A study on the weekday effect and leverage effect on CSI-300 index futures Volatility-according to expanded conditional autoregressive range model of application

The Volatility is one of core variable in the field of financial research, the CARR that Ray Yeutien Chou puting forward show superiority at estimate Volatility of financial assets. This paper conduct empirical study of recent CSI-300 Index Futures Volatility using the expanded Conditional Autoregressive Range model (CARRXY), the results show CSI-300 Index Futures volatility existence obvious of weekday effect, but the volatility of weekday effect disagreed return of weekday effect. Moreover CSI-300 Index Futures appear obvious of negative leverage effect, this is inconsistent with most of the mature market countries. End the paper to these market heteromorphism carried on reasonable explanation, this homeomorphism is the characteristics of emerging markets, after all, the CSI-300 Index Futures contract in just born shortly.
Environmental and operational sustainability of airports: Core indicators and stakeholder communication

Purpose – This paper aims to propose and assess a core set of environmental and operational sustainability indicators for airport benchmarking, based on research conducted for a decision support tool designed to support airport environmental and operational sustainability. Seeks to make recommendations on the external use of sustainability indicators in stakeholder communication, based on a separate survey of the way in which UK airports use environmental and sustainability benchmarking reports.Design/methodology/approach – The indicators are designed to minimise additional data collection demands while reflecting sustainability theory to a practicable extent.Findings – Bringing core environmental and operational indicators together helps to make their inter‐relationship explicit. The indicators are a minimum set, and their limitations with respect to sustainability are made explicit.Originality/value – Reports on a survey of the current extent of, and approaches to, stakeholder communication undertaken b.
Changes in the Capillarity of the Rat Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle 4 Weeks after Nerve Injury Studied by 2D Measurement Methods

We have previously shown by 3D study that 2 weeks after nerve injury there was no change in the length of capillaries per muscle fibre length in rat extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL). The primary goal of the present 2D study was to determine the capillarity of rat EDL 4 weeks after various modes of nerve injury. Additionally, we wished to calculate the same capillary/fibre parameters that were used in our 3D stereological study. EDL muscles derived from denervated (4 weeks after nerve injury), re-innervated (4 weeks after two successive nerve crushes) and age-matched controls from the beginning (CON-1) and the end (CON-2) of the experiment were analysed in two ways. Global indices of capillarity, such as capillary density (CD) and capillary/fibre (C/F) ratio, were determined by automatic analysis, local indices as the number (CAF) and the length of capillaries around individual muscle fibres (Lcap) in relation to muscle fibre size were estimated manually by tracing the muscle fibre outlines and the transversally and longitudinally cut segments of capillaries seen in 5-µm-thin muscle cross sections. Four weeks after both types of nerve injury, CD increased in comparison to the CON-2 group (p < 0.001) due to atrophied muscle fibres in denervated muscles and probably proliferation of capillaries in re-innervated ones. Higher C/F, CAF (both p < 0.001) and Lcap (p < 0.01) in re-innervated than denervated EDL confirmed this assumption. Calculated capillary/fibre parameters were comparable to our previous 3D study, which strengthens the practical value to the adapted 2D method used in this study.
Clinical Assessment of Subjects with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Other Fatiguing Illnesses in Wichita

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating illness characterized by unexplained symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive impairment and pain. CFS has no confirmatory physical signs or laboratory abnormalities and its etiology and pathophysiology are unknown. This is a 2-day inhospital study conducted from December 2002 to July 2003, and participants were previously identified in the Wichita (Kansas, USA) 4-year longitudinal surveillance study. All study subjects were classified as 1) Meeting the 1994 CFS international case definition (CFS); 2) Meeting the 1994 CFS international case definition except that a major depressive disorder with melancholic features was identified (CFS-MDDm); 3) Chronically fatigued but not meeting the 1994 CFS international case definition because of insufficient number of symptoms or fatigue severity (ISF); 4) Chronically fatigued but with ISF and a major depressive disorder with melancholic features (ISF-MDDm); and 5) Non-fatigued controls individually matched to CFS subjects on age, race/ethnicity, sex and body mass index (BMI) (NF). Assessments included clinical evaluation of each subject‟s medical and psychiatric status, stress history, sleep characteristics, and cognitive functioning. Laboratory testing was done to evaluate neuroendocrine status, autonomic nervous system function and systemic cytokine profiles. The association between disease status and peripheral blood gene expression patterns and polymorphisms in genes involved in neurotransmission and immune regulation was analyzed.
A Method for Enterprise Ontology based Design of Enterprise Information Systems

A method for designing an Enterprise information system, which is based on an implementation independent model of the organization, has been developed. This model, also called an ontological model, consists of both implementation independent business processes and implementation independent information processes. An Enterprise information system (EIS) has to be understood as an implementation scenario of the ontological model. This study contains a specification framework that provides rules for taking into account during engineering the EIS.
Al‐Shifa Healthcare Information System in Oman: A Debatable Implementation Success

This paper presents a case study of the project management of Al‐Shifa healthcare information system (HIS) in Oman. In addition to the reports about the project made available to the researchers, the focus group methodology was used for collecting the relevant information from the main project's stakeholders. The paper describes first the evolution of the implementation of an HIS tailored by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Oman to fit the needs of the healthcare units under its supervision. The case analysis that constitutes the second element in the paper is made based on the Project Management approach developed by the Project Management Institute (PMI). As a matter of fact, the authors found that there was no formal project management approach adopted by the MOH for the development and implementation of the hereto‐mentioned HIS project. Moreover, the project has experienced a chronic creep in terms of features, cost and time‐schedule. The recommendations of the authors for the rescue of the project from its current dilemma, consist of technological, administrative and human resource development actions.
Energy spreading transform for down-link MC-CDMA

In this paper, we apply recently developed energy spreading transform (EST) technique to down-link MC-CDMA systems for frequency and spatial diversity. The performance of the proposed EST based MC-CDMA systems is independent of the number of active users, which is different from all current MC-CDMA systems. It is demonstrated by computer simulation that the BER for the EST based system is 1.1 times 110-4 while it is 1.6 times 10-3 for a MC-CDMA system without EST when the system is with full load and Eb/No = 12 dB. The EST based MC-CDMA system also facilitates transmit diversity and MIMO techniques when multiple transmit and receive antennas are available. In particular, we develop symbol shuffle and combined schemes for spatial diversity for a EST based MC-CDMA system with multiple transmit antennas at the base station. Compared with a MC-CDMA system without EST, the required Eb/No for 1% BER for the developed scheme is improved by about 4 dB.
Precision study of ground state capture in the 14N(p,γ)15O reaction

Previous extrapolations for the ground state contribution disagreed by a factor 2, corresponding to 15% uncertainty in the total astrophysical S-factor. At the Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) 400kV accelerator placed deep underground in the Gran Sasso facility in Italy, a new experiment on ground state capture has been carried out at 317.8, 334.4, and 353.3 keV centerof-mass energy. Systematic corrections have been reduced considerably with respect to previous studies by using a Clover detector and by adopting a relative analysis. The previous discrepancy has been resolved, and ground state capture no longer dominates the uncertainty of the total Sfactor.
Is Age-related Decline in Vocal Emotion Identification an Artefact of Labelling Cognitions?

Evidence has emerged that older adults find it more difficult to interpret prosodic emotions than younger adults. However, typical tasks involve labelling-related cognitions over and above emotion perception per se. Accordingly, we aimed to determine if age-related difficulty in prosodic emotion labelling extended to discrimination, which is more closely related to emotion perception per se. For this purpose, 45 younger adults (mean age 20 years, 2 males/43 females) and 45 older adults (mean age 71 years, 16 males/29 females) were recruited. In one task, participants heard pairs of sentences and were asked to indicate whether they were spoken with the same emotional intonational or not. In a second task, they heard sentences with intonation conveying a question or statement, and indicated whether the non-emotional intonation patterns matched or not. Older adults’ performance consistently fell below that of younger adults. Older adults may have a generic prosodic decoding deficit, regardless of the end function of the prosody.
CONTROL OF DEAD-TIME SYSTEMS USING HYBRID ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION

This paper introduces two improved forms of the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm applied to a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller and Smith predictor design. Derivative free optimization methods, namely simplex derivative based pattern search (SDPS) and implicit filtering (IMF), are used to intensify the search mechanism in the ACO algorithm with improved convergence over the original ACO. The effectiveness of the controller schemes using the proposed algorithms, namely SDPS-ACO, and IMF-ACO, is demonstrated using unit step set point response for a class of dead-time systems, and the results are compared with some existing methods of controller tuning.
1‐Methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion, a toxin that can cause parkinsonism, alters branched structures of DNA

During replication, human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) takes on a triple‐stranded structure known as a D‐loop, which is implicated in replication and transcription. 1‐Methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), a toxin inducing parkinsonism, inhibits mtDNA replication, possibly by resolving the D‐loops. For initiation of mtDNA replication, mitochondria are thought to have another triple‐stranded structure, an R‐loop. The R‐loop, which is resolved by a bacterial junction‐specific helicase, RecG, is also resolved by MPP+. Because mitochondrial D‐loops are likewise resolved by RecG, the D‐ and R‐loops may share a similar branched structure. MPP+ resolves cruciform DNA in supercoiled DNA. MPP+ converts a stacked conformation to an extended conformation in a synthetic Holliday junction. This conversion is reversed by 1 mm Mg2+, as is the resolution of the D‐loops or cruciform DNA. These observations suggest that the junction structure of mitochondrial D‐ and R‐loops is affected by MPP+.