Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Special features of poker

Poker is now one of the most popular types of online gambling, mostly because of its particular structural characteristics. This study aims to investigate the representations of regular poker players of the game's special features, along with their probable links with tilt (i.e. loss of control during the game) and problem gambling. Twenty-three regular poker players recruited online took part in a research interview. All interviews were recorded and fully transcribed. A quantitative lexical analysis was performed using the software Alceste®. Six classes were identified, encompassing 73% of the whole corpus. The main themes were chance vs. skill, sensations and emotions linked to poker, discovery of poker, tilt, differences between live and online gambling, and risks of excessive poker involvement. The experience of tilt appears to be an important feature of poker. Poker players also tended to report more emotional and social aspects of problem gambling than financial consequences. The results underline the structural specificities of poker through the player's representations. The role of emotions and sensations in poker, as they are both sought by the players and involved in the loss of control, may have an influence on the development and maintenance of problem gambling.
Social Workers' Intervention Preferences in Cases of Parental Violence Toward Intellectually Disabled Children

ABSTRACT Children with intellectual disabilities are at risk of being abused by family members. This study sought to identify factors influencing the intervention decisions of social workers. Fifty-nine social workers employed at welfare services participated in the study. The study used a factorial survey design describing a violent interaction between a child with intellectual disability and a parent. Professional characteristics of the workers as well as personal attitudinal characteristics had no significant effect on the preference of intervention mode. However, levels of child and parental aggression presented in the vignettes did influence the preferred intervention. Child's challenging behavior plays an important and increasing role in preferences for more intrusive and authoritative interventions, even after controlling for parental aggression.
2 : 18 Diabetomics : ProsPects for NoN-iNvasive Diabetes testiNg aND DiagNosis

the twin epidemics of obesity and diabetes threaten to overwhelm healthcare systems in the U.s. and worldwide (1). a major challenge in dealing with the burden of diabetes is our inability to easily and conveniently detect diabetes and prediabetes in at-risk populations due to the lack of a non-invasive, point-of-care test. as discussed below, body fluids such as saliva and urine constitute a rich source of potential non-invasive biomarkers that may have both scientific and economic advantages over current serumbased diagnostic tests. the successful development of simple, non-invasive testing for diabetes will have a significant impact on the effective management of this critical public heath crisis, and will be of particular benefit in developing countries.
Computational Aspects of the Intelligent Tutoring System MetaTutor

We present in this paper the architecture of MetaTutor, an intelligent tutoring system that teaches students meta-cognitive strategies while learning about complex science topics. A more in-depth presentation of the micro-dialogue component in MetaTutor is provided. This component handles the meta-cognitive strategy of subgoal generation . T his strategy involves subgoal assessment and feedback generation. We present a taxonomy-driven method for subgoal assessment and feedback. The method yields very good to excellent human-computer agreement scores for subgoal assessment (average kappa=0.77).
SPLICEFINDER – A Fast and Easy Screening Method for Active Protein Trans-Splicing Positions

Split intein enabled protein trans-splicing (PTS) is a powerful method for the ligation of two protein fragments, thereby paving the way for various protein modification or protein function control applications. PTS activity is strongly influenced by the amino acids directly flanking the splice junctions. However, to date no reliable prediction can be made whether or not a split intein is active in a particular foreign extein context. Here we describe SPLICEFINDER, a PCR-based method, allowing fast and easy screening for active split intein insertions in any target protein. Furthermore we demonstrate the applicability of SPLICEFINDER for segmental isotopic labeling as well as for the generation of multi-domain and enzymatically active proteins.
Predicting Community College Student’s Intention to Transfer and Major in STEM: Does Student Engagement Matter?

This study examined the influence of community college students’ engagement on their intention to transfer and major in a STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) field. The STEM Student Success Literacy Survey was used to collect data among all 15 community colleges in Iowa. The authors developed a measurement model for community college student engagement and used the model to predict students’ intention to transfer and major in STEM fields. The engagement measurement model consisted of four constructs: peer engagement, transfer engagement, faculty/staff encouragement/assistance, and faculty engagement on coursework. To predict the students’ intention, the logistic regression analysis was employed. The results suggested that students’ demographic and background characteristics contributed to predict their STEM aspirations. The study was concluded by implications for policy, practice, and future research.
MESSI: Mutant Evaluation by Static Semantic Interpretation

Mutation testing is effective at measuring the adequacy of a test suite, but it can be computationally expensive to apply all the test cases to each mutant. Previous research has investigated the effect of reducing the number of mutants by selecting certain operators, sampling mutants at random, or combining them to form new higher-order mutants. In this paper, we propose a new approach to the mutant reduction problem using static analysis. Symbolic representations are generated for the output along the paths through each mutant and these are compared with the original program. By calculating the range of their output expressions, it is possible to determine the effect of each mutation on the program output. Mutants with little effect on the output are harder to kill. We confirm this using random testing and an established test suite. Competent programmers are likely to only make small mistakes in their programming code. We argue therefore that test suites should be evaluated against those mutants that are harder to kill without being equivalent to the original program.
Analysis of Crystal Structures of LXRβ in Relation to Plasticity of the Ligand‐Binding Domain upon Ligand Binding

Liver X receptors (LXRs) are a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand activated transcription factors. LXRs have gained importance as therapeutic targets because of their involvement in many diseases. Analysis of the protein–ligand complexes of X‐ray crystallography‐derived structures revealed that residues His435 and Trp457 act as a switch that mediates ligand activation. These residues show conservation for main chain (φ, ψ) in His435 and moderate movement for Trp457. His435 in Helix11 (H11) is conserved in relation to Trp457 in Helix12 (H12). This shows that some induced fit effect can be incorporated while designing ligands for activation of LXR with relation to Trp457 rather than that of His435. Similarly, main chain movement in Phe329 and Leu330 showed significant conformational mobility leading to flexibility in the ligand‐binding domain (LBD) along with Arg319 which has a moderate movement in (φ and ψ) angles. It is interesting to know that for some sequence–ligand complex crystallizations using different conditions show considerable main chain and side chain mobility indicating plasticity in LBD of LXRβ. This study supports our understanding the relative movement of residues in the LBD of LXRs upon ligand binding which can provide insight for designing of LXRs modulators.
Agreements and Disagreements on the Role of General Mental Ability (GMA) in Industrial, Work, and Organizational Psychology

General Mental Ability (GMA) has empirical evidence supporting it as a strong predictor of job performance. However, there are agreements and disagreements about the role of GMA in Industrial, Work, and Organizational (IWO) psychology. Some embrace it enthusiastically; some tolerate it; some spend their entire careers looking for ways to minimize the effects of GMA in personnel selection; and, finally, some revile and loath the very concept. The reasons for the divergence vary, and in this special issue of Human Performance we brought together leading IWO psychologists and researchers to discuss the potential role of GMA in personnel selection. In this summary, we synthesize, around eight themes, the main points of agreement and disagreements across the contributing authors. The major themes and questions are: (a) predictive value of GMA for real-life outcomes and work behaviors, (b) predictive value of GMA versus specific abilities, (c) the consequences of the criterion problem for GMA validities, (d) is utility evidence for GMA convincing? , (e) are the negative reactions to GMA tests a result of group differences? , (f) is theoretical knowledge of GMA adequate? , (g) is there promise in new methods of testing for GMA? , and (h) what is the current status of non-GMA predictors as substitutes or supplements to GMA?
Off-Grid Compressed Sensing for GMTI using SAR Images

The choice of the grid for generating the sparsity inducing basis or rather a corresponding dictionary is a central point of compressed sensing and sparse approximation. A poorly chosen grid corrupts the reconstruction performance. Here we consider the problem of ground moving target indication from several – already processed – synthetic aperture radar images and apply a recently introduced method for reducing the effect of the grid.
Hunger behaviour contributes to early nutritional homeostasis

Objectives and methods: Our goal was to describe nutritional homeostasis in healthy exclusively breastfed infants (n= 175) during their first 5d, by cross‐sectional measurements of body weight, blood glucose, plasma insulin, insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I), insulin‐like growth factor binding‐protein‐1 (IGFBP‐1), free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, ketone (3‐OH‐butyric acid) and lactate. We also investigated whether nutrition affected feeding behaviour by timing the interval between feedings. Results: A progressive loss of body weight, as percentage of birthweight, occurred up to 2 d of age, with a maximal decrease of 5.8 ± 2.1% (mean ± SD); this was accompanied by inhibition of anabolic hormone and metabolic pathways and an increased mobilization of stored fat and ketogenesis. The interval between feedings decreased between d 1 and 2. Weight gain occurred at 3 d and the following re‐feeding phase returned fuel stores to their previous levels and established an anabolic hormonal and metabolic situation. Infants with weight loss exceeding 10% had a further accentuation in their peripheral picture of starvation and a further 7% shortening of the interval between feedings. Conclusions: breastfeeding on demand is accompanied by a balanced nutritional situation and an increased drive to eat when weight reduction is <6%. However, a weight loss of ≥10%, probably elicits hunger sensations in response to decreased fuel availability.
Matrix-field water-filling architecture for MIMO transceiver designs with mixed power constraints

In this paper, we discuss MIMO transceiver design under a new type of power constraint named mixed power constraints. Mixed power constraint is referred to the power model in which for a given set of antennas, several subsets are constrained by sum power constraints while the other antennas are subject to individual power constraints. It includes sum power constraint and per-antenna power constraints as its special cases and it can strike a balance between complexity and performance. In our work, we try to solve the optimization problem in an analytical way instead of relying on some famous software packages e.g., CVX or SeDuMi. Firstly, the specific formula of the optimal signal covariance matrix has been derived. Based on the structure, a low complexity non-iterative solution is given in our work, which can be interpreted as a matrix version water-filling solution. This solution has a much clear engineering meaning and is suitable for practical implementations even for massive MIMO systems. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of our theoretical results.
Area map of mouse visual cortex

It is controversial whether mouse extrastriate cortex has a “simple” organization in which lateral primary visual cortex (V1) is adjoined by a single area V2 or has a “complex” organization, in which lateral V1 is adjoined by multiple distinct areas, all of which share the vertical meridian with V1. Resolving this issue is important for understanding the evolution and development of cortical arealization. We have used triple pathway tracing combined with receptive field recordings to map azimuth and elevation in the same brain and have referenced these maps against callosal landmarks. We found that V1 projects to 15 cortical fields. At least nine of these contain maps with complete and orderly representations of the entire visual hemifield and therefore represent distinct areas. One of these, PM, adjoins V1 at the medial border. Five areas, P, LM, AL, RL, and A, adjoin V1 on the lateral border, but only LM shares the vertical meridian representation with V1. This suggests that LM is homologous to V2 and that the lateral extrastriate areas do not represent modules within a single area V2. Thus, mouse visual cortex is “simple” in the sense that lateral V1 is adjoined by a single V2‐like area, LM, and “complex” in having a string of areas in lateral extrastriate cortex, which receive direct V1 input. The results suggest that large numbers of areas with topologically equivalent maps of the visual field emerge early in evolution and that homologous areas are inherited in different mammalian lineages. J. Comp. Neurol. 502:339–357, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Why are teachers afraid of curricular autonomy? Contradictory effects of the new national curriculum in South Korea

Using interview data from secondary teachers, this study examines conflicting perspectives on the effects of the new national curriculum in South Korea, which was intended to grant more autonomy to individual schools and teachers. Contrary to the general belief that teachers want more autonomy to customize their curricula to meet students' needs, this study found that the participating teachers did not welcome the enhanced curricular autonomy nor did they believe it would diversify the school curriculum. The primary causes of this contradiction are the gap between the desired and the granted autonomy, the new national curriculum's negative impact on the relationships among teachers and their job security, and the prevalent credential culture in South Korea. Based on these findings, this study suggests wider implications for curriculum scholars and policymakers in other contexts concerning the nature and effects of teacher autonomy in curriculum development.
A Joint Model for Entity Set Expansion and Attribute Extraction from Web Search Queries

Entity Set Expansion (ESE) and Attribute Extraction (AE) are usually treated as two separate tasks in Information Extraction (IE). However, the two tasks are tightly coupled, and each task can benefit significantly from the other by leveraging the inherent relationship between entities and attributes. That is, 1) an attribute is important if it is shared by many typical entities of a class; 2) an entity is typical if it owns many important attributes of a class. Based on this observation, we propose a joint model for ESE and AE, which models the inherent relationship between entities and attributes as a graph. Then a graph reinforcement algorithm is proposed to jointly mine entities and attributes of a specific class. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method for discovering both new entities and new attributes.
Early induction of TGF‐β1 through a fasting–re‐feeding regimen promotes liver carcinogenesis by a sub‐initiating dose of diethylnitrosamine

Abstract. We previously reported that a subnecrogenic dose (20 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) can induce the development of liver cancer when rats undergo a fasting–re‐feeding regimen. The present study was undertaken to establish whether fasting followed by re‐feeding builds up mechanisms able to trigger liver fibrosis, eventually leading to cirrhosis and cancer. Adult male rats, for fasted 4 days, were given 20 mg/kg of DENA after 1 day of re‐feeding; in parallel, consistently fed animals receiving 20 mg/kg (subnecrogenic) or 200 mg/kg (necrogenic dose) of DENA were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. All three groups were then subjected to the 2‐acetylaminofluorene/carbon tetrachloride promoting regimen. Fasting induced moderate apoptosis in liver tissue, as evidenced by increased levels of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) and Bax proteins and by a dramatic drop in the level of Bcl‐2. Subsequent re‐feeding caused all changes to revert except TGF‐β1 up‐regulation. Histological findings of inflammation and fibrosis were consistently associated with increased production of TGF‐β1, the inflammatory cytokine with the most pronounced profibrogenic action. Thus, up‐regulation of TGF‐β1 expression appears as a major mechanism by which the fasting–re‐feeding regimen predisposes to initiation and promotion of liver carcinogenesis in rats. Avoiding fasting–re‐feeding could be considered in the nutritional status of patients with liver fibrosis.
Towards Implementation of Motor Imagery using Brain Connectivity Features

This study aims to explore modulation of the connectivity pattern when people perform left hand versus right hand motor imagery and probe the feasibility of adopting connectivity information to discriminate these tasks. Nine subjects were recorded with 16-channel EEG system, covering sensorimotor cortex. Non-normalized directed transfer function (DTF) is used to obtain the brain connectivity between EEG electrodes. The results demonstrate that the modulations of intrahemispheric and interhemispheric information flows are not identical during left and right hand motor imageries. Particularly, the mu rhythm is highly modulated in intrahemispheric brain interactions, whereas the high frequency bands are more related with distant interhemispheric brain interactions. Furthermore, classification results suggest that the DTF features bring additional informative features for the classification between two tasks.
The Unbidden Past

Involuntary autobiographical memories are memories of personal experiences that come to mind spontaneously—that is, with no preceding attempt at retrieval. They were one of Ebbinghaus’s (1885/1964) three basic kinds of memory but have been ignored by modern cognitive psychology. Recent work suggests that involuntary memories are a basic mode of remembering that operates on the same episodic memory system as voluntary (strategic) remembering and thus follows the same rules of encoding and maintenance. Due to their associative and unplanned retrieval, involuntary memories differ from voluntary memories by being more specific, by being less relevant to one’s life story and identity, and by involving more emotional reaction at the time of recall. Research on involuntary autobiographical memories has important implications for the understanding of intrusive memories in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Goal Attainment Scaling

Available published and unpublished studies on Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS), cur rently the most popular outcome evaluation technique in the human sciences, were cri tically reviewed. Forty-one of ninety-one initial studies, which met minimal criteria of completeness of information reported and quality of research, were subjected to in-depth review. Conclusions were rather mixed and somewhat discouraging. The proliferation m the use of GAS as an evaluative technique has been accompanied by serious procedural and methodological problems. Despite numerous studies, the reliability and validity of GAS remain questionable. More optimistically, GASprocedures can serve a useful educa tional and intervention function, particularly in mental health settings, and patient in volvement in the goal-setting process as defined by GAS seems to enhance therapeutic effectiveness.
An Early Viral Response Predicts the Virological Response to Ribavirin in Hepatitis E Virus Organ Transplant Patients

Background Ribavirin is efficient at treating chronic hepatitis E virus infection in solid-organ transplant patients. However, the early kinetics of viral replication under therapy and the impact of immunosuppressant regimens on viral replication are unknown: thus, determining the aim of our study. Methods Thirty-five patients with a solid-organ transplant and chronic hepatitis E virus infection were given ribavirin for 3 months. The hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA concentrations were determined before treatment, at days 7, 15, and 21 and at months 1, 2, and 3 during therapy and after ribavirin cessation. Results A sustained virological response (SVR) occurred in 63%. Decreased viral concentration within the first week post-ribavirin therapy was an independent predictive factor for SVR, and a decreased HEV concentration of 0.5 log copies/mL or greater had an 88% positive predictive value. No correlation between ribavirin trough level on day 7 or at month 2 with a virological response or an SVR was observed. Before therapy, HEV RNA concentration was significantly greater in patients receiving mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor-based immunosuppression compared to patients given calcineurin inhibitors. The use of mycophenolic acid did not impact on the response to ribavirin. Conclusion An early response to ribavirin can be used to define the optimal duration of therapy in the setting of HEV infection.