Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Cytotoxicity of Hyaluronate Targeted Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Etoposide on SK-OV-3 Cells

The epithelial ovarian carcinoma is one of the most fatal gynecological cancers. Etoposide is used in treating platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Sodium hyaluronate is a substance that binds to the CD44 receptors overexpressed in SK-OV-3 cells of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The aim of the present work was to study the cytotoxicity effect of hyaluronate targeted solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) of etoposide on SK-OV-3 cells. The cytotoxicity of the targeted and nontargeted SLNs of etoposide was compared to free drug on the SK-OV-3 cells by MTT assay method. The cellular uptake of the targeted and nontargeted nanoparticles containing sodium fluorescein was also studied. The difference of cell vitality between nontargeted nanoparticles and also targeted nanoparticles with free drug was significant. Targeted nanoparticles also caused more toxicity than nontargeted nanoparticles (P < 0.05). After 4 hours of incubating, the fluorescence was remarkably higher in the cells treated by targeted SLNs rather than nontargeted ones, and there was no observable fluorescence in cells incubated with pure sodium fluorescein. Hyaluronate targeted SLNs containing etoposide increased the cytotoxicity of etoposide on SK-OV-3 cells which may be a worthwhile potential method for reducing the prescribed dose and systemic side effects of this drug in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
The transition temperature of the dilute interacting Bose gas for N internal states

We calculate explicitly the variation δTc of the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature Tc induced by weak repulsive two-body interactions to leading order in the interaction strength. As shown earlier by general arguments, δTc/Tc is linear in the dimensionless product an1/3 to leading order, where n is the density and a the scattering length. This result is non-perturbative, and a direct perturbative calculation of the amplitude is impossible due to infrared divergences familiar from the study of the superfluid helium lambda transition. Therefore, we introduce here another standard expansion scheme, generalizing the initial model which depends on one complex field to one depending on N real fields, and calculating the temperature shift at leading order for large N. The result is explicit and finite. The reliability of the result depends on the relevance of the large-N expansion to the situation N = 2, which can in principle be checked by systematic higher-order calculations. The large-N result agrees remarkably well with recent numerical simulations.
A stereo matching algorithm based on multiresolution and epipolar constraint

Stereo matching is one of the most active research areas in computer vision. In this paper, a fast stereo matching algorithm by means of epipolar constraint and multiresolution approach was presented. The searching scope of corresponding pixels in the original image is obtained and has diminished a lot based on multiresolution approach. Then intensity correlation principle and epipolar constraint can be applied to get the stereo matching results in this scope. In this way, we reduce the search time for correspondence and ensure the validity of matching. The experimental results show this algorithm is effective and efficient.
WRN Exonuclease activity is blocked by specific oxidatively induced base lesions positioned in either DNA strand

Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by mutations in the WS gene (WRN). Although WRN has been suggested to play an important role in DNA metabolic pathways, such as recombination, replication and repair, its precise role still remains to be determined. WRN possesses ATPase, helicase and exonuclease activities. Previous studies have shown that the WRN exonuclease is inhibited in vitro by certain lesions induced by oxidative stress and positioned in the digested strand of the substrate. The presence of the 70/86 Ku heterodimer (Ku), participating in the repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs), alleviates WRN exonuclease blockage imposed by the oxidatively induced DNA lesions. The current study demonstrates that WRN exonuclease is inhibited by several additional oxidized bases, and that Ku stimulates the WRN exonuclease to bypass these lesions. Specific lesions present in the non-digested strand were shown also to inhibit the progression of the WRN exonuclease; however, Ku was not able to stimulate WRN exonuclease to bypass these lesions. Thus, this study considerably broadens the spectrum of lesions which block WRN exonuclease progression, shows a blocking effect of lesions in the non-digested strand, and supports a function for WRN and Ku in a DNA damage processing pathway.
Minimization of distribution grid losses by consumption coordination

In this work, we address the problem of optimizing the electrical consumption patterns for a community of closely located households, with a large degree of flexible consumption, and further some degree of local electricity production from solar panels. We describe optimization methods for coordinating consumption of electrical energy within the community, with the purpose of reducing grid loading and active power losses. For this we present a simplified model of the electrical grid, including system losses and capacity constraints. Coordination is performed in a distributed fashion, where each consumer optimizes his or her own consumption pattern, taking into account both private objectives, specific to each individual consumer, as well as objectives common to all consumers. In our work, the common objective is to minimize active losses in the grid, and ensure that grid capacity limits are obeyed. These objectives are enforced by coordinating consumers through nonlinear tariffs on power consumption. We present simulation test-cases, illustrating that significant reduction of active losses, can be obtained by such coordination. The distributed optimization algorithm, employs the alternating directions method of multipliers.
An Examination of Trust Production in Computer-Mediated Exchange

In this paper, we apply principles of trust derived mostly from interpersonal communication and human-computer interaction research to computer-mediated exchange (CME). We define key terms and synthesize relevant literature identifying four sources and seven dimensions of trust. Combining these sources and dimensions, we offer a trust taxonomy enabling trust analysis of exchange partners in CME. To demonstrate the usefulness of the taxonomy, we report on a case study in which we examined trust production methods in three exchange sites and compared the results.
Impedance Measurements using Analog to Digital Converters and Ellipse Fitting Signal Processing Algorithms

In this paper, the measurement of impedances using analog to digital converters and ellipse fitting signal processing algorithms is described. The robustness of this new method makes it specially suited for low frequency impedance measurements (up to 1 MHz) in portable DSP based instruments. Previous methods relied on sine-fitting algorithms to estimate the sine parameters together with the signal frequency. These were iterative algorithms where convergence is not assured and they can be a significant computational burden requiring more processing capabilities in the instrument. With ellipse fitting, the frequency is not estimated and the algorithm is not iterative.
An Investigation of Word Sense Disambiguation for Improving Lexical Chaining

This thesis investigates how word sense disambiguation affects lexical chains, as well as proposing an improved model for lexical chaining in which word sense disambiguation is performed prior to lexical chaining. A lexical chain is a set of words from a document that are related in meaning. Lexical chains can be used to identify the dominant topics in a document, as well as where changes in topic occur. This makes them useful for applications such as topic segmentation and document summarization. However, polysemous words are an inherent problem for algorithms that find lexical chains as the intended meaning of a polysemous word must be determined before its semantic relations to other words can be determined. For example, the word bank should only be placed in a chain with money if in the context of the document bank refers to a place that deals with money, rather than a river bank. The process by which the intended senses of polysemous words are determined is word sense disambiguation. To date, lexical chaining algorithms have performed word sense disambiguation as part of the overall process of building lexical chains. Because the intended senses of polysemous words must be determined before words can be properly chained, we propose that word sense disambiguation should be performed before lexical chaining occurs. Furthermore, if word sense disambiguation is performed prior to lexical chaining, then it can be done with any available disambiguation method, without regard to how lexical chains will be built afterwards. Therefore, the most accurate available method for word sense disambiguation should be applied prior to the creation of lexical chains. We perform an experiment to demonstrate the validity of the proposed model. We compare the lexical chains produced in two cases: 1. Lexical chaining is performed as normal on a corpus of documents that has not been disambiguated. 2. Lexical chaining is performed on the same corpus, but all the words have been correctly disambiguated beforehand. We show that the lexical chains created in the second case are more correct than the chains created in the first. This result demonstrates that accurate word sense disambiguation performed prior to the creation of lexical chains does lead to better lexical chains being produced, confirming that our model for lexical chaining is an improvement upon previous approaches.
The genes encoding the biotin carboxyl carrier protein and biotin carboxylase subunits of Bacillus subtilis acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, the first enzyme of fatty acid synthesis

The genes encoding two subunits of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, biotin carboxyl carrier protein, and biotin carboxylase have been cloned from Bacillus subtilis. DNA sequencing and RNA blot hybridization studies indicated that the B. subtilis accB homolog which encodes biotin carboxyl carrier protein, is part of an operon that includes accC, the gene encoding the biotin carboxylase subunit of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase.
Provider characteristics Hospital Physician Nurse Clinical convenience Patient Centered Care Treatment Choice Patient Age Ethnicity Insurance Education Income Marital Status Outcomes Survival Satisfaction with care Health related quality of life Functional status Psychological wellbeing Cost Health 

Background: Patient-centered care that encompasses informed decision making can improve treatment choice, quality of care and outcomes. Patient-centered care recognizes the need for major changes in the process of care that arranges health care system around the patient. Objective: Study objective was to evaluate and discuss the interplay of components of patientcentered care by developing a conceptual model of patient-centered care. Methods: Comprehensive literature review was conducted using Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases. Included were English language studies addressing issues related to patient-centered-care and patient reported outcomes. Results: Though the concept of patient-centered care emerged in the early 50s, it exploded in the health care research policy arena exponentially in the late nineties. The conceptual model described here can aid objective and subjective evaluation of patient-centered care. As we strive to improve the quality of care, patient-centered care can play a pivotal role in this process. This however requires changes in our healthcare system so as to improve overall quality of care by minimizing wasteful health resource consumption. Conclusions: With healthcare costs projected to continue their rapid increase, the current paradigm of healthcare is unsustainable. More research is needed to explore the various attributes of patient-centered care, its acceptability, and comparative effectiveness in the healthcare arena.
Core Vocabulary in Spoken Mandarin and the Integration of Corpus-Based Findings into Language Pedagogy

A key issue in language acquisition is to improve native-like proficiency in vocabulary use. One solution to this is to identify word frequencies (especially in conjunction with core vocabulary) and collocation patterns based on native speakers discourse. In this paper, I first discuss some of the puzzles presented in some long-standing and recent quantitative observations of the Mandarin lexicon. I then discuss high frequency clusters in terms of their unique forms and functions as a way of solving some of the puzzles. Finally I discuss the implications of these findings for language teaching, especially vocabulary teaching.
An Investigation of the Challenges Experienced by Somali Refugee Students in Canadian Elementary Schools

The purpose of this qualitative research was to investigate the challenges and experiences of Somali refugee students as they integrate into Canadian English elementary public schools. The method of data collection in this study was one-on-one interviews. A total of seven Somali refugee students were interviewed. The exploration into the participants' experiences revealed that they faced many pre-migration challenges in refugee camps before resettling in Canada, as well as post-migration challenges with settlement and integration into Canadian culture and school systems. Members of the school community, including educators, administrators, and students, have a major role to play in supporting Somali refugee students with their integration into the school system. As a result of this investigation, I recommend eight practical low to no-cost strategies and approaches that are useful for schools and educators to support the integration of Somali refugee students into Canadian English elementary public schools.
Information Retrieval from Unstructured Web Text Document Based on Automatic Learning of the Threshold

Collocation is defined as a sequence of lexical tokens which habitually co-occur. This type of information is widely used in various applications such as Information Retrieval, document indexing, machine translation, lexicography, etc. Therefore, many techniques are developed for the automatic retrieval of collocations from textual documents. These techniques use statistical measures based on a joint frequency calculation to quantify the connection strength between the tokens of a candidate collocation. The discrimination between relevant and irrelevant collocations is performed using a priori fixed threshold. Generally, the discrimination threshold estimation is performed manually by a domain expert. This supervised estimation is considered as an additional cost which reduces system performance. In this paper, the authors propose a new technique for the threshold automatic learning to retrieve information from web text document. This technique is mainly based on the usual performance evaluation measures (such as ROC and Precision-Recall curves). The results show the ability to automatically estimate a statistical threshold independently of the treated corpus.
EXTRACTION OF INTERESTING PATTERNS THROUGH ASSOCIATION RULE MINING FOR IMPROVEMENT OF WEBSITE USABILITY Resul DA Ş

In this paper, a new approach for pre-processing stage of the web usage mining is proposed. The proposed method provides more successful results when dealing with raw log files. Moreover the complexity of the proposed method is considerably low. The related areas in the log files are determined for mining stage. Then, by using the association rules method the interesting patterns are extracted for consequent goals. In the result of this study, knowledge extraction was performed by proposed method. The significant and pure knowledge is contributed to structural organization of website. Besides, web site development and about the availability of the site to give advice to managers and designers are available.
An approach to building more compact power electronic converters

An approach to constructing high power density power electronic converters is presented. The largest volume contributors in state-of-the-art construction technology are discussed. A concept to reduce the volume of converters by means of increasing the level of integration and better thermal management is introduced. Hybrid integration of power electronic circuits through partitioning the circuit into sub-circuits on the basis of components' characteristics such as heat density, volumetric aspects and cost per volume is discussed. These sub-circuits are referred to as Integrated Power Electronic Modules (IPEMs) and are manufactured in suitable integration technologies. The concept is applied to a case study, a converter for 2 kW AC drive, as part of the demonstrator program running under European Centre for Power Electronics (ECPE) "Industrial Drives - System Integration". The electrical circuit schematic of the converter is partitioned into three IPEMs: Planar Ceramic IPEM, Planar PCB IPEM and 3D Passive IPEM. Suitable technologies for implementation of each IPEM and their volume reduction potential are discussed.
Cooperative Load Balancing in Hybrid Visible Light Communications and WiFi

As a complementary extension of established Radio Frequency (RF) Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Visible Light Communication (VLC) using commercially available Light-Emitting Diode (LED) transmitters offers a huge data rate potential in this license-free spectral domain, whilst simultaneously satisfying energy-efficient illumination demands. Various VLC cell formations, ranging from a regular cell-layout associated with different Frequency Reuse (FR) patterns to merged cells by employing advanced transmission scheme are investigated. Furthermore, a hybrid Down-Link (DL) offering full RF-coverage by a WLAN and additionally supported by the abundant spectral resources of a VLC network is studied. Cooperative Load Balancing (LB) achieving Proportional Fairness (PF) is implemented by using both centralized and distributed resource-allocation algorithms. The performance of this hybrid RF/VLC system is analysed both in terms of its throughput and fairness in diverse cell formation scenarios. Our simulation results demonstrate that, the VLC system advocated is capable of providing a high Area Spectral Efficiency (ASE) and our hybrid RF/VLC system achieves the highest throughput and the highest grade of fairness in most of the scenarios considered.
Computer graphics pioneers: the Giloi's school of computer graphics

In the early 1970s, I first encountered Dr. Encarnação at the University of Saarbruchen where he was an associate of Professor Wolfgang Giloi in the computer graphics department. I met Dr. W. Straβer sometime later.At that time, I worked for Information Displays Inc. (IDI). Dr. Giloi and Dr. Encarnação were interested in acquiring a graphics system for their department and after much discussion, they agreed to purchase our unit, the IDIIOM (IDI Input Output Machine). See Figure 9.Shortly after we delivered the unit to Saarbruchen, Dr. Encarnação told us that he had accepted a new position at the University of Daarmstadt, and would go there as a full professor to head up their computer graphics efforts. We were delighted to learn that he intended to bring the IDIIOM with him, Dr. Encarnação and I developed a warm personal, as well as professional, relationship and although I left IDI in 1976 to form my consultancy, we continued to find ways to work together.
Frame-based acoustic feature integration for speech understanding

With the purpose of improving spoken language understanding (SLU) performance, a combination of different acoustic speech recognition (ASR) systems is proposed. State a posteriori probabilities obtained with systems using different acoustic feature sets are combined with log-linear interpolation. In order to perform a coherent combination of these probabilities, acoustic models must have the same topology (i.e. same set of states). For this purpose, a fast and efficient twin model training protocol is proposed. By a wise choice of acoustic feature sets and log-linear interpolation of their likelihood ratios, a substantial concept error rate (CER) reduction has been observed on the test part of the French MEDIA corpus.
Fast Texture Synthesis Using Wavelet Coefficient Fitting

Texture synthesis is widely used in virtual reality and computer games and has become one of the most active research areas. Usually, Pixel-based texture synthesis algorithms often damage texture structure and require a large amount of computation, while patch-based algorithms usually produce obvious repetitiveness and seams. This paper propose a novel fast texture synthesis method that can avoid joint seams during synthesis by first fitting wavelet coefficients in the overlap texture images and then performing an inverse wavelet transform to generate new textures. The experimental results show that this method is fast and can produced promising synthesized results.
The Psychoacoustics of Multichannel Audio

This is a tutorial paper giving an introduction to the perception of multichannel sound reproduction. The important underlying psychoacoustic phenomena are reviewed – starting with the behaviour of the auditory periphery and moving on through binaural perception, central binaural phenomena and cognition. The author highlights the way the perception of a recording can be changed according to the number of replay channels used. The paper opens the question of relating perceptual and cognitive responses to directional sound or to sound fields.
Statistical properties of transactional databases

Most of the complexity of common data mining tasks is due to the unknown amount of information contained in the data being mined. The more patterns and corelations are contained in such data, the more resources are needed to extract them. This is confirmed by the fact that in general there is not a single best algorithm for a given data mining task on any possible kind of input dataset. Rather, in order to achieve good performances, strategies and optimizations have to be adopted according to the dataset specific characteristics. For example one typical distinction in transactional databases is between sparse and dense datasets. In this paper we consider Frequent Set Counting as a case study for data mining algorithms. We propose a statistical analysis of the properties of transactional datasets that allows for a characterization of the dataset complexity. We show how such characterization can be used in many fields, from performance prediction to optimization.