Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2007 State of the Universe

This position paper summarizes recent developments related to the Universe type system and suggests directions for future work. 1. Universe Type System The Universe type system is an ownership type system that enforces the owner-as-modifier discipline. In this section, we summarize recent developments and suggest future work to improve the expressiveness and formal foundation.
A model counter for constraints over unbounded strings

Model counting is the problem of determining the number of solutions that satisfy a given set of constraints. Model counting has numerous applications in the quantitative analyses of program execution time, information flow, combinatorial circuit designs as well as probabilistic reasoning. We present a new approach to model counting for structured data types, specifically strings in this work. The key ingredient is a new technique that leverages generating functions as a basic primitive for combinatorial counting. Our tool SMC which embodies this approach can model count for constraints specified in an expressive string language efficiently and precisely, thereby outperforming previous finite-size analysis tools. SMC is expressive enough to model constraints arising in real-world JavaScript applications and UNIX C utilities. We demonstrate the practical feasibility of performing quantitative analyses arising in security applications, such as determining the comparative strengths of password strength meters and determining the information leakage via side channels.
User Driven Feedback Control System driven using CAN Protocol

Industrial automation is a sector having vast possibilities for major improvements. The system described in this paper consists of a console master computer (CMC) which will monitor various physical nodes usually found in a large industry. The proposed work analyzes the capability of CAN networking which includes data traffic management. The CMC is designed using MATLAB 7.12; the CAN networking is supported using the Vehicular Network Toolbox. The proposed system using CAN has the advantages of being simple in its design which contributes to the overall low cost. The novelty of the work lies in the low cost approach, and fails safe methodology of CAN communication. The proposed system is capable of sending and receiving signals with the additional benefit of feedback mechanism . The proposed work is implementable in any industry with the cost advantage of CAN interface. The proposed work can be used as a cheaper and robust alternative to native technologies like PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Moreover, the CAN network system is immune from the electrical interferences.
Employing Constituent Dependency Information for Tree Kernel-Based Semantic Relation Extraction between Named Entities

This article proposes a new approach to dynamically determine the tree span for tree kernel-based semantic relation extraction between named entities. The basic idea is to employ constituent dependency information in keeping the necessary nodes and their head children along the path connecting the two entities in the syntactic parse tree, while removing the noisy information from the tree, eventually leading to a dynamic syntactic parse tree. This article also explores various entity features and their possible combinations via a unified syntactic and semantic tree framework, which integrates both structural syntactic parse information and entity-related semantic information. Evaluation on the ACE RDC 2004 English and 2005 Chinese benchmark corpora shows that our dynamic syntactic parse tree much outperforms all previous tree spans, indicating its effectiveness in well representing the structural nature of relation instances while removing redundant information. Moreover, the unified parse and semantic tree significantly outperforms the single syntactic parse tree, largely due to the remarkable contributions from entity-related semantic features such as its type, subtype, mention-level as well as their bi-gram combinations. Finally, the best performance so far in semantic relation extraction is achieved via a composite kernel, which combines this tree kernel with a linear, state-of-the-art, feature-based kernel.
CANDIDATE HIGH-REDSHIFT AND PRIMEVAL GALAXIES IN HUBBLE DEEP FIELD SOUTH

We present the results of colour selection of candidate high-redshift galaxies in Hubble Deep Field South (HDF-S) using the Lyman dropout scheme. The HDF-S data we discuss were taken in a number of different filters extending from the near-UV (F300W) to the infrared (F222M) in two different fields. This allows us to select candidates with redshifts from z∼3 to z∼12. We find 15 candidate z∼3 objects (F300W dropouts), one candidate z∼4 object (F450W dropout) and 16 candidate z∼5 objects (F606W dropouts) in the ∼4.7-arcmin2 WFPC-2 field, and four candidate z∼6 objects (optical dropouts) and one candidate z∼8 object (F110W dropout) in the 0.84-arcmin2 NICMOS-3 field. No F160W dropouts are found (z∼12). We compare our selection technique with existing data for Hubble Deep Field North (HDF-N) and discuss alternative interpretations of the objects. We conclude that there are a number of lower redshift interlopers in the selections, including one previously identified object, and reject those objects most likely to be foreground contaminants. Even after this we conclude that the F606W dropout list is likely to still contain substantial foreground contamination. The lack of candidate very-high-redshift UV-luminous galaxies supports earlier conclusions by Lanzetta et al. We discuss the morphologies and luminosity functions of the high-redshift objects, and their cosmological implications.
Privacy-Preserving Electrocardiogram Monitoring for Intelligent Arrhythmia Detection †

Long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, as a representative application of cyber-physical systems, facilitates the early detection of arrhythmia. A considerable number of previous studies has explored monitoring techniques and the automated analysis of sensing data. However, ensuring patient privacy or confidentiality has not been a primary concern in ECG monitoring. First, we propose an intelligent heart monitoring system, which involves a patient-worn ECG sensor (e.g., a smartphone) and a remote monitoring station, as well as a decision support server that interconnects these components. The decision support server analyzes the heart activity, using the Pan–Tompkins algorithm to detect heartbeats and a decision tree to classify them. Our system protects sensing data and user privacy, which is an essential attribute of dependability, by adopting signal scrambling and anonymous identity schemes. We also employ a public key cryptosystem to enable secure communication between the entities. Simulations using data from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database demonstrate that our system achieves a 95.74% success rate in heartbeat detection and almost a 96.63% accuracy in heartbeat classification, while successfully preserving privacy and securing communications among the involved entities.
Existence of Solutions for Sublinear Kirchhoff Problems with Sublinear Growth

<jats:p>In this paper, we consider the following sublinear Kirchhoff problems <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mfenced separators="|"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy="false">∫</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced open="|" close="|" separators="|"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>∇</mml:mo><mml:mi>u</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mfenced></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:mfenced><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mml:mi><mml:mi>u</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>V</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo><mml:mi>u</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>u</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math>, in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>, where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>a</mml:mi><mml:mo>></mml:mo><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">0</mml:mn></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mi>b</mml:mi><mml:mo>≥</mml:mo><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">0</mml:mn></mml:math> with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mo>≥</mml:mo><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">3</mml:mn></mml:math>. A new sublinear growth condition is given. When <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi>u</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo></mml:math> is not odd in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>u</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math> and not integrable in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3. org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>, we obtain the existence of solutions for the above problem. </jats:p>
Short Term Load Forecasting Using Gaussian Process Models

The electrical deregulated market increases the need for short-term load forecast algorithms in order to assist electrical utilities in activities such as planning, operating and controlling electric energy systems. Methodologies based on regression methods have been widely used with satisfactory results. However, this type of approach has some shortcomings. This paper proposes a short-term load forecast methodology applied to distribution systems, based on Gaussian Process models. This methodology establishes an interesting and valuable approach to short-term forecasting applied to the electrical sector. The results obtained are in accordance with the best values of expected errors for these types of methodologies. A careful study of the input variables (regressors) was made, from the point of view of contiguous values, in order to include the strictly necessary instances of endogenous variables. Regressors representing the trend of consumption, at homologous time intervals in the past, were also included in the input vector. The proposed approach was tested on real-load from three medium-sized supply electrical distribution substations located in the center of Portugal. To test the performance of the model in different load situations, the case study includes three different electrical distribution substations representative of typical load consuming patterns, namely the residential, the non-residential and the service sector.
Glomerular disease associated with Polysporoplasma sparis (Myxozoa) infections in cultured gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L. (Pisces: Teleostei)

Polysporoplasma sparis infection was studied in gilthead sea bream from different mariculture systems of the Spanish coasts. Culture conditions influenced the infection dynamics, as the parasite appeared only in semi-intensive cultures and was not found in intensive closed systems nor in open ones. No clear seasonal pattern was observed. No fish weighing less than 51 g was found parasitized in any group. A statistically significant dependence between infection prevalence and host weight was observed in some growing stocks. Light and transmission electron microscope observations revealed serious damage in the trunk kidney. Glomerular disease was provoked by the progressive occupation of the glomerular capillaries by P. sparis spores. Tubular epithelial cells were also affected. Inflammatory responses appeared towards the end of the infection, and consisted mainly of melanomacrophages and eosinophils. Rodlet cells were common close to infected capillaries and debris of rodlet sacs formed a belt encircling capillary vessels. Cytochemistry demonstrated the lipidic nature of these sacs and the glycogen and glycoprotein composition of the cytoplasmic granules of rodlet cells.
An Efficient Graph-Based Multi-Relational Data Mining Algorithm

Multi-relational data mining can be categorized into graph-based and logic-based approaches. In this paper, we propose some optimizations for mining graph databases with Subdue, which is one of the earliest and most effective graph-based relational learning algorithms. The optimizations improve the subgraph isomorphism computation and reduce the numbers of subgraph isomorphism testing, which are the major source of complexity in Subdue. Experimental results indicate that the improved algorithm is much more efficient than the original one.
Enriching Morphologically Poor Languages for Statistical Machine Translation

We address the problem of translating from morphologically poor to morphologically rich languages by adding per-word linguistic information to the source language. We use the syntax of the source sentence to extract information for noun cases and verb persons and annotate the corresponding words accordingly. In experiments, we show improved performance for translating from English into Greek and Czech. For English‐Greek, we reduce the error on the verb conjugation from 19% to 5.4% and noun case agreement from 9% to 6%.
Many-body entangled dynamics of closed and open systems for quantum simulators

When D-wave was founded in 1999, quantum computing was still an ambitious vision. In the past five years, quantum computing has moved from this vision to a very reachable goal with major companies such as Google, IBM, Intel, and Microsoft investigating quantum computation investing in this technology. Together with a vivid start-up scene including companies such as 1QBit, ionQ, Q-CTRL, QuantumCircuits, and Rigetti, they aim to develop hardware and software for a new generation of computers which can tackle problems intractable on classical computers. This thesis revolves around the simulation of such quantum systems and, thus, it has some direct connections to this intriguing new wave of technology. Our focus is shifted toward the side of quantum simulators, which use quantum systems to investigate a specific research question, e.g., predicting the properties of new materials. The results of such simulations can be thought of as an analog measurement outcome of the final state of the quantum simulator. Quantum annealing is one prominent example where the final state encodes the solution to an optimization problem. In contrast, quantum computers work in the spirit of a classical computer calculating in terms of zeros and ones while allowing superpositions and entanglement to reach a quantum advantage. They favor a formulation in terms of quantum gates, which are adapted from the logical gates used in classical computers. We establish a common understanding of the terminology and questions arising in this area of research in the first part of the thesis. We consider the dynamics of closed quantum systems, which has direct connections to the quantum annealing architectures. We analyze how long-range interactions in the quantum Ising model modify the quantum phase diagram. The quantum critical point for the ferromagnetic model shifts to higher external fields to break up the order in comparison to the nearest neighbor model. In contrast, the antiferromagnetic order breaks at lower external fields when including long-range interactions. In
Representation of Principled Connections: A Window Onto the Formal Aspect of Common Sense Conception

Nominal concepts represent things as tokens of types. Recent research suggests that we represent principled connections between the type of thing something is (e.g., DOG) and some of its properties (k-properties; e.g., having four legs for dogs) but not other properties (t-properties; e.g., being brown for dogs). Principled connections differ from logical, statistical, and causal connections. Principled connections license (i) the expectation that tokens of the type will generally possess their k-properties, (ii) formal explanations (i.e., explanation of the presence of k-properties in tokens of a type by reference to the type of thing it is), and (iii) normative expectations concerning the presence of k-properties in tokens of the type. The present paper investigates the hypothesis that representing principled connections requires representing properties as aspects of being the relevant kind of thing (Aspect Hypothesis). Experiment 1 provides a direct test of the Aspect Hypothesis. Experiments 2 and 3 provide indirect tests of the Aspect Hypothesis. All three experiments provide support for the Aspect Hypothesis. Experiment 4 investigates a prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis concerning the manner in which formal explanations are licensed by principled connections. Finally, Experiment 5 investigates a prediction of the Aspect Hypothesis concerning the nature of the normative expectations licensed by principled connections. Together these results provide strong evidence for the idea that representing principled connections involves representing a property as being an aspect of being a given kind of thing. The results also help clarify the manner in which formal explanation differs from other modes of explanation. Finally, the results of the experiments are used to motivate a proposal concerning the formal structure of the conceptual representations implicated by principled connections. This structure provides a domain-general way of structuring our concepts and embodies the perspective we take when we think and talk of things as being instances of a kind.
Covering a Graph with Clubs

Finding cohesive subgraphs in a network has been investigatSeveral al-ternative formulations of cohesive subgraph have been proposed, a notableone of them iss-club, which is a subgraph whose diameter is at mosts.Here we consider a natral variant of the well-knownMinimum Clique Coverproblem, where we aim to cover a given graph with the minimum num-ber ofs-clubs, instead of cliques. We study the computational and ap-proximation complexity of this problem, whensis equal to 2 or 3. Weshow that deciding if there exists a cover of a graph with three 2-clubsis NP-complete, and that deciding if there exists a cover of a graph withtwo 3-clubs is NP-complete. Then, we consider the approximation com-plexity of covering a graph with the minimum number of 2-clubs and3-clubs. We show that, given a graphG= (V, E) to be covered, cover-ingGwith the minimum number of 2-clubs is not approximable withinfactorO(|V|1/2−e), for anye >0, and coveringGwith the minimumnumber of 3-clubs is not approximable within factorO(|V|1−e), for anye >0. On the positive side, we give an approximation algorithm of fac-tor 2|V|1/2log3/2|V|for covering a graph with the minimum number of2-clubs.
Stress-Based Ethanol Sensing with Functionalized Resonant Microbridge at Critically-Buckled State CNF Project # 599-96

We demonstrate robust ethanol gas sensing using stress-based resonant microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) bridges at ambient pressure. In contrast to previously reported works, which were based on either measuring a static deflection [1] or changes in frequency due to added mass [2], we report a method of tracking shifts in resonant frequency of microbridges in real time due to alteration of stress from swelling of a reactive polymer coating near the Euler buckling configuration. Summary of Research: Microbridges (20 × 2 × 0.14 μm) are fabricated from compressive stressed n+ doped polycrystalline silicon films grown by low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) on top of 1.2 μm thermal sacrificial oxide layers. After wet­etch releasing and drying, we deposit 1H,1H,2H,2H­ perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane (FOTS) antistiction monolayer coating onto the doubly clamped microbridge surface by molecular vapor deposition. A low­power oxygen plasma etch is briefly performed to remove only the top portion of FOTS coating, which is followed by deposition of ~ 60 nm of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by spin coating. Schematic, bright field images and scanning electron microscope images of the bridges are shown in Figure 1 and 2. In experiments, microbridges are electrostatically driven using a spectrum analyzer and their motion is detected using an interferometric optical technique [3]. The resonance spectrum of the bridges is monitored in real­time while mixtures of dry nitrogen and ethanol vapor are delivered to the devices through a flow line system. The microbridge achieves quality factors of 8.7 and 28.8 and resonant frequencies of 1.3 and 3.6 MHz in dry nitrogen and saturated ethanol vapor, respectively (see Figure 3). In response to ethanol, we observe ~ 130% increase in normalized resonant frequency of polymer­ coated microbridges and a time response of 8.4 seconds, as shown in Figure 4. This provides a five-fold improvement in response and, correspondingly, in minimum vapor sensitivity, in comparison with previously stress­based vapor sensing using resonant microbridges [3]. Changes in resonant frequency are due to the swelling of the PMMA polymer layer, which dynamically alters stress of the bridges to be more compressive as it reacts with the analyte.
IMPLEMENTASI BLENDED LEARNING BERBASIS MOODLE PADA JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui hasil dari implementasi pembelajaran offline dengan tatap muka di kelas, (2) Mengetahui hasil dari implementasi pembelajaran online berbasis moodle. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan distribusi frekuensi yaitu menyimpulkan berdasarkan hasil rata-rata yang didapat selama penelitian berlangsung. Subjek peneliian ini adalah 18 mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan teknologi informasi tingkat III kelas A dan 19 mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan teknologi informasi tingkat III kelas B. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Hasil implementasi pembelajaran offline dengan tatap muka di kelas, yang didapat dari keaktifan mahasiswa selama pembelajaran, partisipasi dalam diskusi dikelas, mengikuti pretest, sampai pada presentasi di kelas mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 71,79% untuk kelas A, dan 69,68% untuk kelas B. (2) Hasil implementasi pembelajaran online dengan moodle, dilihat dari aktifitas mahasiswa dalam mengakses konten yang dibuat oleh dosen dalam courses media pembelajaran ilmu komputer mendapatkan nilai rata-rata sebanyak 89,5 % untuk kelas A, dan 85,2% untuk kelas B.
Enhancer analysis by chicken embryo electroporation with aid of genome comparison

The identification of the enhancers associated with each developmentally regulated gene is a first step to clarify the regulatory mechanisms underlying embryogenesis. The electroporation technique using chicken embryo is a powerful tool to identify such enhancers. The technique enables us to survey a large genomic region and to analyze the enhancers in great detail. Comparison of the genomic sequences of the chicken and other vertebrate species identifies conserved non‐coding sequence blocks to which the functionally identified enhancers often correspond. In this review, I describe in detail the methods to analyze the enhancers using the chicken embryo electroporation and genome comparison.