Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hand Talk-A Sign Language RecognitionBased On Accelerometer and SEMG Data

Everyday communication with the hearing population poses a major challenge to those with hearing loss. For this purpose, an automatic American Sign Language recognition system is developed using artificial neural network (ANN) and to translate the ASL alphabets into text and sound. A glove circuit is designed with flex sensors, 3- axis accelerometer and sEMG sensors to capture the gestures. The finger bending data is obtained from the flex sensors on each finger whereas the accelerometer provides the trajectories of the hand motion. Some local features are extracted from the ASL alphabets which are then classified using neural network. The proposed system is evaluated for both user-dependent and user-independent conditions successfully for isolated ASL recognition. The main purpose of this Hand Talk system is to provide an ease of sharing ideas, minimized communication gap and an easier collaboration for the hard of hearing people.
Structure and functionality of a designed p53 dimer.

P53 is a homotetrameric tumor suppressor protein involved in transcriptional control of genes that regulate cell proliferation and death. In order to probe the role that oligomerization plays in this capacity, we have previously designed and characterized a series of p53 proteins with altered oligomeric states through hydrophilc substitution of residues Met340 or Leu344 in the normally tetrameric oligomerization domain. Although such mutations have little effect on the overall secondary structural content of the oligomerization domain, both solubility and the resistance to thermal denaturation are substantially reduced relative to that of the wild-type domain. Here, we report the design and characterization of a double-mutant p53 with alterations of residues at positions Met340 and Leu344. The double-mutations Met340Glu/Leu344Lys and Met340Gln/Leu344Arg resulted in distinct dimeric forms of the protein. Furthermore, we have verified by NMR structure determination that the double-mutant Met340Gln/Leu344Arg is essentially a "half-tetramer". Analysis of the in vivo activities of full-length p53 oligomeric mutants reveals that while cell-cycle arrest requires tetrameric p53, transcriptional transactivation activity of monomers and dimers retain roughly background and half of the wild-type activity, respectively.
Identification of complex systems based on neural and Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model

The paper describes a neuro-fuzzy identification approach, which uses numerical data as a starting point. The proposed method generates a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, characterized with transparency, high accuracy and a small number of rules. The process of self-organizing of the identification model consists of three phases: clustering of the input-output space using a self-organized neural network; determination of the parameters of the consequent part of a rule from over-determined batch least-squares formulation of the problem, using singular value decomposition algorithm; and on-line adaptation of these parameters using recursive least-squares method. The verification of the proposed identification approach is provided using four different problems: two benchmark identification problems, speed estimation for a DC motor drive, and estimation of the temperature in a tunnel furnace for clay baking.
Compressor Based Area-Efficient Low-Power 8 x 8 Vedic Multiplier

Multipliers are the integral components in the design of many high performance FIR filters, image and digital signal processors. Multipliers being the most area and power consuming elements of a design, area-efficient low-power multiplier architectures are in demand. In this paper, multiplier based on ancient Vedic mathematics technique has been proposed which employs 4:3, 5:3, 6:3 and 7:3 compressors for addition of partial products. Combining the Vedic SutraUrdhwa Tiryakbhyam and efficient compressors, a robust area and power efficient multiplier architecture has been achieved. The designs were synthesized and analysed in Cadence RTL compiler in 180 nm technology. When compared with previous compressor based multiplier, the proposed design achieves 30.5% and 25.8% reduction in power and area respectively.
Diseño de una metodología para el procesamiento de imágenes mamográficas basada en técnicas de Aprendizaje Profundo

El Aprendizaje Profundo es un subcampo dentro del Aprendizaje de Maquina que utiliza diferentes algoritmos de aprendizaje automatico para modelar abstracciones de alto nivel en datos usando arquitecturas jerarquicas, conocidas como redes neuronales profundas (DNNs). Entre los multiples algoritmos que se pueden encontrar, existen algunos como las redes neuronales convolucionales (CNNs), los autocodificadores y las redes recurrentes (RNNs), que pueden ser de gran ayuda a la hora de analizar imagenes medicas. El gran potencial que tienen estas tecnicas para el analisis de imagen medica reside en su velocidad y eficacia una vez que se tienen una gran cantidad de datos. Su uso se puede aplicar a tareas tan diversas como la deteccion y segmentacion de tumores, asi como su seguimiento y control; la visualizacion y cuantificacion del flujo sanguineo, o a la creacion de sistemas de ayuda para interpretacion de resultados medicos. Por lo tanto, es logico pensar que en un futuro seran tecnicas cada vez mas utilizadas, convirtiendose muchas de estas tareas algo propio de un ordenador. Los objetivos de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado son los siguientes: - La introduccion al Aprendizaje Profundo y a los distintos algoritmos que se emplean actualmente, destacando sus ventajas y desventajas. - Revisar el estado del arte de las tecnicas de Aprendizaje Profundo usadas para el analisis de imagenes medicas, asi como la identificacion de los campos medicos en los que estos algoritmos pueden ser de utilidad. - La identificacion de los algoritmos de Aprendizaje Profundo que pueden emplearse en el analisis de imagenes mamograficas. - El diseno de una metodologia especifica para el procesamiento de imagenes mamograficas utilizando las tecnicas mencionadas. Para ello se llevara a cabo un amplio estudio del estado del arte de los diversos algoritmos de Aprendizaje Profundo y de sus usos en el analisis de imagen medica. Tambien se trabajara en la familiarizacion con algunos de los algoritmos mas directamente relacionados con la segmentacion de imagen, por su aplicabilidad a la deteccion de masas y microcalcificaciones en mamografia digital, que seran de vital importancia en la metodologia disenada. Para ello se emplearan distintas fuentes bibliograficas de referencia. Para finalizar, con este Proyecto se quieren senalar las multiples aplicaciones que tienen los algoritmos de Aprendizaje Profundo en medicina, y resaltar como su uso ayudara a los medicos a tomar mejores decisiones, asi como a mejorar los resultados medicos tanto en terminos de tiempo como de eficacia.
Aspects of Memory Management

With the constant demand for system change and upgrades comes the need to simplify and ensure accuracy in this process. As structural boundaries decay, non-local modifications compound the costs of system evolution and adaptation. Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) aims to improve structural boundaries for concerns that are inherently crosscutting - no single hierarchical decomposition can localize both the crosscutting concern and the concerns it crosscuts. This paper provides a case study of three crosscutting concerns within a rapidly evolving memory management subsystem of a JVM. The study shows how aspects can be structured as a natural locus of control, and how this new modularity provides leverage for system evolution and adaptation. Demonstrated benefits include enhanced extensibility for a dynamic analysis tool, centralized configurability for a subsystem-wide synchronization mechanism, and increased verifiability for a domain-specific design pattern.
Compact LTCC Balun With Bandpass Response Based on Marchand Balun

In this letter, we present a compact low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) balun with bandpass responses. It is designed based on a Marchand balun. The halfand quarterwavelength transmission lines in Marchand balun are utilized as resonators in this design. Three feeding lines, functioning as input and outputs, are coupled to the resonators. The 180° phase difference between two output ports is achieved due to the inherent out-of-phase characteristic at the two open ends of the half-wavelength resonator. The bandpass responses are enabled by only adding three coupling lines and thus compact size is obtained. The coupling matrix is utilized in the design for realizing the good filtering responses and the design guideline is presented. For demonstration, a LTCC balun filter centered at 5.5 GHz is implemented. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results validates the proposed idea. The core circuit size is only 2 mm × 1.7 mm × 1.6 mm or 0. 089λg × 0. 076λg × 0. 071λg.
Comparison of Routing Algorithms for Digital Elevation Models and Their Implications for Predicting Ephemeral Gullies

ABSTRACT Six routing algorithms, describing how flow (and water borne material) will be routed over Digital Elevation Models, are described and compared. The performance of these algorithms is determined based on both the calculation of the contributing area and the prediction of ephemeral gullies. Three groups of routing algorithms could be identified. Both from a statistical and a spatial viewpoint these groups produce significantly different results, with a major distinction between single flow and multiple flow algorithms. Single flow algorithms cannot accommodate divergent flow and are very sensitive to small errors. Therefore, they are not acceptable for hillslopes. The flux decomposition algorithm, proposed here, seems to be preferable to other multiple flow algorithms as it is mathematically straightforward, needs only up to two neighbours and yields more realistic results for drainage lines. The implications of the routing algorithms on the prediction of ephemeral gullies seem to be somewhat coun.
A novel anti‐inflammatory peptide from human lipocortin 5

1 A novel anti‐inflammatory peptide (residues 204–212) of human recombinant lipocortin 5 (hrLC5) found on the high similarity region with uteroglobin is described. 2 Peptide 204–212 dose‐dependently inhibited the contractions of rat isolated stomach strips elicited by porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Contractions caused by arachidonic acid (AA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 5‐hydroxytryptamine were not affected. No direct enzyme inhibition was observed in a radiochemical assay. 3 PGE2 release by both human fibroblasts and rat macrophages was reduced by peptide 204–212 in a dose‐dependent manner. 4 The development of carrageenin‐induced oedema in rats was significantly inhibited by the local administration of peptide 204–212. 5 The pattern and potency of the biological effects of peptide 204–212 are similar to those of antiflammin 2, a lipocortin 1‐derived peptide. 6 It is suggested that peptide 204–212 may represent the active site responsible for the anti‐inflammatory properties of lipocortin 5.
Critical Approaches to Health Psychology

Health psychology generally prioritizes scientific method as its means of enquiry, and positivism as its theoretical foundation. In the broader domain of social psychology, however, we are now seeing the emergence of a new paradigm, 'critical social psychology', which draws extensively upon postmodern theorizing, and, in particular, discursive methods of analysis and inquiry. In this article, I describe what is meant by critical social psychology, how it differs from the mainstream, and examine some of its implications for health psychology. My aim is to open up debate between mainstream and critical approaches. In adopting an explicit challenge to the way health psychology is currently conceived, it invites dialogue over the methods, theorization and practical applications of our discipline.
A simple affinity spin tube filter method for removing high‐abundant common proteins or enriching low‐abundant biomarkers for serum proteomic analysis

Although it is possible to identify new proteins from crude cell extracts using proteomics technology, it is often difficult to elucidate low‐abundant biomarkers in the presence of a large amount of high‐abundant proteins in serum. We have developed a simple and rapid method using an affinity spin tube filter to remove high‐abundant common proteins and enrich the low‐abundant biomarkers. The affinity spin tube filter contains protein G, coupled with antibodies against either high‐abundant proteins or specific proteins of interest. After incubating with serum, the flow‐through or the elute was collected and analyzed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. By using this affinity spin tube filter, the possibilities of identifying new biomarkers are shown. This technique could be used for large‐scale sample preparation for high‐throughput proteomic analysis.
Compliance with CPAP therapy in patients with the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome.

BACKGROUND--Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the treatment of choice for the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome. Compliance with this relatively obtrusive therapy has not been well studied. METHODS--Usage of CPAP was investigated in 54 patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (median 36 (range 7-129) apnoeas + hypopnoeas/hour slept) over the first 1-3 months after starting CPAP therapy. In all cases CPAP usage was monitored by hidden time clocks that indicated for how long the machines were switched on--that is, the CPAP run time. In 32 patients the time at which the CPAP mask pressure was at the therapeutic level of CPAP pressure set for that patient--that is, the mask time--was also monitored. In all patients objective daytime sleepiness was assessed by multiple sleep latency before and after CPAP therapy. RESULTS--The mean (SE) nightly CPAP run time was 4.7 (0.4) hours. There was no correlation between run time and severity of the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome as assessed by apnoea + hypopnoea frequency or multiple sleep latency, and no correlation between CPAP usage and improvement in multiple sleep latency. Thirty two patients in whom mask time was recorded had therapeutic CPAP pressures for 89% (3%) of their CPAP run times. Patients who experienced side effects from CPAP used their CPAP machines significantly less than those who did not. CONCLUSIONS--Patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome used CPAP for less than five hours/night on average with no correlation between severity of sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome and CPAP usage. Patients who complained of side effects used their CPAP therapy less. It is recommended that, as a minimum, CPAP run time should be regularly recorded in all patients receiving CPAP therapy.
Deletion of RAD52 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae severely decreases frequencies of Agrobacterium genetic transformation mediated by either an integrative or a replicating binary vector

Agrobacterium tumefaciens is capable to transfer genes across kingdoms. It can genetically transform not only plant cells, but also many other bacterial, algal, fungal, animal and human cells. This depends on the interactions among a variety of both Agrobacterium and host genes. Inside the host cell, RAD52 which is involved in DNA repair is a key gene determining integration of T-DNA by homologous recombination. Here, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae haploid strains BY4741 and BY4742, a rad52 diploid deletion strain is constructed in yeast BY4743 background.This model organism was employed to show that RAD52 deletion severely decreases frequencies of Agrobacterium genetic transformation mediated by either an integrative T-DNA or a circular non-integrative T-DNA. Indeed, the frequencies of such Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) decreased by ca. 25-fold. Hence, host RAD52 deletion might affect AMT by a mechanism which differs from its only involvement in DNA repair in yeast.
Proximity operator based alternating iteration algorithm for sparse signal recovery

The problem of sparse signal recovery from lower number of observations is formalized as a constrained minimization problem. Due to the dissimilar requirements of signal processing, the constraints and objective functions differ from each other. This paper presents an algorithm scheme base on alternating iteration to deal with the nonconvex objective function. The proposed method employs the log-penalty and proximity operator to seek the sparse solution. In each iteration, the introduction of nonconvex penalty decreases the penalization of large coefficients which contributes to a faster decrease of the function value. By making use of proximity operator, it reduces the computational complexity and achieves less number of iterations. In addition, the experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method as well as the drawbacks of the algorithm.
Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks.

BACKGROUND Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) carries an increased risk of stroke mediated by embolism of stasis-precipitated thrombi originating in the left atrial appendage. Both oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents have proven effective for stroke prevention in most patients at high risk for vascular events, but primary stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular AF potentially merits separate consideration because of the suspected cardio-embolic mechanism of most strokes in AF patients. OBJECTIVES To characterize the relative effect of long-term oral anticoagulant treatment compared with antiplatelet therapy on major vascular events in patients with non-valvular AF and no history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (June 2006). We also searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2006), MEDLINE (1966 to June 2006) and EMBASE (1980 to June 2006). We contacted the Atrial Fibrillation Collaboration and experts working in the field to identify unpublished and ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA All unconfounded, randomized trials in which long-term (more than four weeks) adjusted-dose oral anticoagulant treatment was compared with antiplatelet therapy in patients with chronic non-valvular AF. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials for inclusion, assessed quality and extracted data. The Peto method was used for combining odds ratios after assessing for heterogeneity. MAIN RESULTS Eight randomized trials, including 9598 patients, tested adjusted-dose warfarin versus aspirin (in dosages ranging from 75 to 325 mg/day) in AF patients without prior stroke or TIA. The mean overall follow up was 1.9 years/participant. Oral anticoagulants were associated with lower risk of all stroke (odds ratio (OR) 0.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.85), ischemic stroke (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.68) and systemic emboli (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.90). All disabling or fatal strokes (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.04) and myocardial infarction (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.01) were substantially but not significantly reduced by oral anticoagulants. Vascular death (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.15) and all cause mortality (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.18), were similar with these treatments. Intracranial hemorrhages (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.28) were increased by oral anticoagulant therapy. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Adjusted-dose warfarin and related oral anticoagulants reduce stroke, disabling stroke and other major vascular events for those with non-valvular AF by about one third when compared with antiplatelet therapy.
H‐reflex modulation during passive lengthening and shortening of the human triceps surae

1 The present study investigated the effects of lengthening and shortening actions on H‐reflex amplitude. H‐reflexes were evoked in the soleus (SOL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) of human subjects during passive isometric, lengthening and shortening actions performed at angular velocities of 0, ±2, ±5 and ±15 deg s−1. 2 H‐reflex amplitudes in both SOL and MG were significantly depressed during passive lengthening actions and facilitated during passive shortening actions, when compared with the isometric H‐reflex amplitude. 3 Four experiments were performed in which the latencies from the onset of movement to delivery of the stimulus were altered. Passive H‐reflex modulation during lengthening actions was found to begin at latencies of less than 60 ms suggesting that this inhibition was due to peripheral and/or spinal mechanisms. 4 It is postulated that the H‐reflex modulation seen in the present study is related to the tonic discharge of muscle spindle afferents and the consequent effects of transmission within the Ia pathway. Inhibition of the H‐reflex at less than 60 ms after the onset of muscle lengthening may be attributed to several mechanisms, which cannot be distinguished using the current protocol. These may include the inability to evoke volleys in Ia fibres that are refractory following muscle spindle discharge during rapid muscle lengthening, a reduced probability of transmitter release from the presynaptic terminal (homosynaptic post‐activation depression) and presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents from plantar flexor agonists. Short latency facilitation of the H‐reflex may be attributed to temporal summation of excitatory postsynaptic potentials arising from muscle spindle afferents during rapid muscle lengthening. At longer latencies, presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents cannot be excluded as a potential inhibitory mechanism.
Functional Heterogeneity and Antimycobacterial Effects of Mouse Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Specific for Riboflavin Metabolites

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have a semi-invariant TCR Vα-chain, and their optimal development is dependent upon commensal flora and expression of the nonpolymorphic MHC class I–like molecule MR1. MAIT cells are activated in an MR1-restricted manner by diverse strains of bacteria and yeast, suggesting a widely shared Ag. Recently, human and mouse MR1 were found to bind bacterial riboflavin metabolites (ribityllumazine [RL] Ags) capable of activating MAIT cells. In this study, we used MR1/RL tetramers to study MR1 dependency, subset heterogeneity, and protective effector functions important for tuberculosis immunity. Although tetramer+ cells were detected in both MR1+/+ and MR1−/− TCR Vα19i-transgenic (Tg) mice, MR1 expression resulted in significantly increased tetramer+ cells coexpressing TCR Vβ6/8, NK1.1, CD44, and CD69 that displayed more robust in vitro responses to IL-12 plus IL-18 and RL Ag, indicating that MR1 is necessary for the optimal development of the classic murine MAIT cell memory/effector subset. In addition, tetramer+ MAIT cells expressing CD4, CD8, or neither developing in MR1+/+ Vα19i-Tg mice had disparate cytokine profiles in response to RL Ag. Therefore, murine MAIT cells are considerably more heterogeneous than previously thought. Most notably, after mycobacterial pulmonary infection, heterogeneous subsets of tetramer+ Vα19i-Tg MAIT cells expressing CXCR3 and α4β1 were recruited into the lungs and afforded early protection. In addition, Vα19iCα−/−MR+/+ mice were significantly better protected than were Vα19iCα−/−MR1−/−, wild-type, and MR1−/− non-Tg mice. Overall, we demonstrate considerable functional diversity of MAIT cell responses, as well as that MR1-restricted MAIT cells are important for tuberculosis protective immunity.