Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Glucocorticoid Gene Therapy Reverses the Impairing Effects of Elevated Corticosterone on Spatial Memory, Hippocampal Neuronal Excitability, and Synaptic Plasticity

Moderate release of the major stress hormones, glucocorticoids (GCs), improves hippocampal function and memory. In contrast, excessive or prolonged elevations produce impairments. Enzymatic degradation and reformation of GCs help to maintain optimal levels within target tissues, including the brain. We hypothesized that expressing a GC-degrading enzyme in hippocampal neurons would attenuate the negative impact of an excessive elevation in GC levels on synaptic physiology and spatial memory. We tested this by expressing 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (type II) in dentate gyrus granule cells during a 3 d GC treatment followed by examination of synaptic responses in hippocampal slices or spatial performance in the Morris water maze. In adrenalectomized rats with basal GC replacement, additional GC treatments for 3 d reduced synaptic strength and promoted the expression of long-term depression at medial perforant path synapses, increased granule cell and CA1 pyramidal cell excitability, and impaired spatial reference memory (without influencing learning). Expression of 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (type II), mostly in mature dentate gyrus granule cells, reversed the effects of high GC levels on granule cell and pyramidal cell excitability, perforant path synaptic plasticity, and spatial memory. These data demonstrate the ability of neuroprotective gene expression limited to a specific cell population to both locally and trans-synaptically offset neurophysiological disruptions produced by prolonged increases in circulating stress hormones. This report supplies the first physiological explanation for previously demonstrated cognitive sparing by anti-stress gene therapy approaches and lends additional insight into the hippocampal processes that are important for memory.
Joel Ossher Hitesh Sajnani

We present a study of the extent to which developers copy entire files or sets of files into their applications with little or no modification. Our aim is to determine the prevalence of such activity within open source Java development, and to identify the circumstances under which files are reused in this manner. To accomplish this aim, we developed a novel method of filelevel code clone detection that is scalable to millions of files. We applied our method to the Sourcerer Repository, which contains over 13,000 Java projects aggregated from multiple open source repositories. Our method detected that in excess of 10% of files are clones, and that over 15% of all projects contain at least one cloned file. In addition to computing these raw numbers, we manually examined a large number of the reported clones. We found the most commonly cloned files to be Java extension classes and popular third-party libraries, both large and small. We also discovered a number of projects that occur in multiple online repositories, have been forked, or were divided into multiple subprojects.
Mediated voice communication via mobile IP

Impromptu is a mobile audio device which uses wireless Internet Protocol (IP) to access novel computer-mediated voice communication channels. These channels show the richness of IP-based communication as compared to conventional mobile telephony, adding audio processing and storage in the network, and flexible, user-centered call control protocols. These channels may be synchronous, asynchronous, or event-triggered, or even change modes as a function of other user activity. The demands of these modes plus the need to navigate with an entirely non-visual user interface are met with a number of audio-oriented user interaction techniques.
Analysis of the cyclic short-term variation of indoor power line channels

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the properties of indoor power line communications channels when they are used for broadband transmission. It will be shown that these channels exhibit a short-term variation, due to the fact that high-frequency parameters of electrical devices depend on the instantaneous amplitude of mains voltage. This phenomenon leads to a channel model proposal based on a linear periodically time-varying system and cyclostationary random noise. A measurement system, designed to capture these time variations in real power networks, and some of the most significant results obtained with it, are presented. In addition, a statistical analysis of the measurements performed in several indoor power line scenarios is included, so that the relevance of time variations in actual channels can be evaluated.
An image compression scheme based fusion and disassemble

In this paper, a new image compression scheme is proposed. The self similarity of a static image is analyzed in order to implement image compression on basis of similarity and fusion rather than redundancy removal since the former is more similar to visual characteristic of people. Experimental result shows the scheme presented in the paper can has a potential performance on image and video coding.
Influence of the Number of Sets at a Strength Training in the Flexibility Gains

Influence of the Number of Sets at a Strength Training in the Flexibility Gains The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 10 weeks of strength training with different number of sets and their influence on flexibility of young men. Sixty men were divided into three groups as follows: group that trained 1 set per exercise (G1S), group that trained 3 sets per exercise (G3S) and control group (CG). The training lasted 10 weeks, totaling 30 training sessions. The training groups performed 8 to 12 repetitions per set for each exercise. The flexibility at Sit and Reach Test was evaluated pre and post-training. Both trained groups showed significant increase in flexibility when compared to pre-training and the G3S showed significant difference when compared to CG post-training. According to this study, the strength training carried out without flexibility training promotes flexibility gains regardless the number of sets.
Informant discrepancy in perceptions of sickle cell disease severity.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether informants (children, caregivers, and physicians) differ in their perceptions of chronic disease severity and the extent to which these differences can be explained by objective indices of disease severity, and adjustment of the caregiver. METHODS Participants were 58 children and adolescents between the ages of 8 and 18 years diagnosed with sickle cell disease. Information on perceptions of disease severity, caregiver adjustment, and biological markers of disease severity was obtained at a routine clinic follow-up appointment. RESULTS Analyses indicated significant differences in perceptions of disease severity. Psychological adjustment of the caregiver and biological indices of disease severity were significant predictors of these differences. CONCLUSION Implications for the association between chronic disease and adjustment are discussed.
The interrelations between competences for sustainable development and research competences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how competences for sustainable development and research interrelate within a context of competence-based higher education. Specific focus is oriented towards strengthening research competences for sustainability. Design/methodology/approach Following a hermeneutic–interpretive methodology, this paper builds upon a critical literature review to demarcate the theoretical framework and an in-depth analysis of a case study exploring the interrelations between both types of competences. Findings The paper discusses current issues in the integration of competences and explores the contribution of research-based methods to acquire competences for sustainable development. The analysis shows that research skills are often mentioned to contribute to this acquisition, though from a general perspective, or from the sidelines of the learning process. A holistic view on how both concepts are linked is missing. Research limitations/implications First, the complex nature of competences and their integration in higher education could lead to difficulties in interpreting and analysing them. Second, the analysis is based on a single-case study, limiting possibilities to generalise the results. Third, this study is not looking at curriculum practices in these fields. Practical implications There is a need to holistically (re-)frame research competences within the concepts of education for sustainable development and, to a wider extent, sustainable development. Social implications Framing research competences within the concept of sustainable development enables a thorough and “conscious”, rather than coincidental, acquisition of competences for sustainable development. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in the fact that there is little literature about the interrelations between competences for sustainable development and research competences.
Gene therapy: current status and future prospects

The ability to successfully introduce foreign genes into eukaryotic cells has made possible a new approach to the treatment of human disease. Gene therapy is now being brought to bear on genetic, malignant, and infectious diseases. In this review, we summarize the status of the field through an analysis of clinical protocols involving transfer of marker or therapeutic gene(s) into various somatic cell targets. Many of these trials will begin to examine whether or not patients with diseases that are unresponsive to conventional therapeutic interventions (e.g., pharmaceutical, surgical) will show benefit solely from somatic cell‐based gene therapies. In other trials, the gene therapies are meant to complement or bolster the effect of conventional treatments. Although the field of gene therapy is now entering the clinical arena, we will also attempt to summarize certain shortcomings and technical hurdles that will need to be overcome for its eventual widespread use. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56: 210–214; 1994.
AMW: a generic model weaver

Abstract In the MDA approach proposed by the OMG (Object Management Group) as well as in other MDE (Model Driven Engineering) approaches such as Microsoft “Software Factories”, model transformation is a central operation. However it is often necessary to create links between models, where distinct operations will be executed based on the link semantics. These links are captured by weaving models. One of the possible application domains is data mapping. We have been engaged in building a model weaver prototype as part of the construction of AMMA, a MDE platform. The basic assumption in such platforms is to consider models as first class entities. In the present work we go one step beyond to consider also model weaving as models, and thus as manageable entities. This paper suggests that several situations in software engineering could be captured by model weaving techniques. Present achievements (mainly output generation of a weaving model, extensible weaving metamodels, partial GUI generation, etc.) and future potential extensions are discussed.
Importance of Cryptography in Network Security

The main aim of this paper is to provide a broad review of network security and cryptography, with particular regard to digital signatures. Network security and cryptography is a subject too wide ranging to coverage about how to protect information in digital form and to provide security services. However, a general overview of network security and cryptography is provided and various algorithms are discussed. A detailed review of the subject of network security and cryptography in digital signatures is then presented. The purpose of a digital signature is to provide a means for an entity to bind its identity to a piece of information. The common attacks on digital signature were reviewed. The first method was the RSA signature scheme, which remains today one of the most practical and versatile techniques available. Fiat-Shamir signature schemes, DSA and related signature schemes are two other methods reviewed. Digital signatures have many applications in information security, including authentication, data integrity, and non-repudiation was reviewed.
Implementing Dependent Types Using Sequent Calculi

A critical issue concerning programming languages and proof assistants based on dependent type theory is the efficient implementation of reduction on open terms, where meta-variables can appear: this question is important not only for the execution of dependently typed programs, but already in the typechecker implementing the validation of such programs, through the use of the conversion rule. Following the Curry-Howard tradition, we are currently investigating the relation between the internal language of Agda [8] and a focused sequent calculus presentation of intuitionistic logic, the sequent calculus being naturally well-suited for typing open terms.
Circluster: Storing cluster shapes for clustering

One of the important problems in knowledge discovery from data is clustering. Clustering is the problem of partitioning a set of data using unsupervised techniques. An important characteristic of a clustering technique is the shape of the cluster it can find. Clustering methods which are capable to find simple cluster shapes are usually fast but inaccurate for complex data sets. Ones capable to find complex cluster shapes are usually not fast but accurate. In this paper, we propose a simple clustering technique named circlusters. Circlusters are circles partitioned into different radius sectors. Circlusters can be used to create hybrid approaches with density based or partitioning based methods. We also propose a naive clustering method that is capable to find complex clusters in O(n). This method operates in two phases. In the first phase, circlusters are created to approximate the shape of the data set. In the second phase, connected circlusters are found to form the final clusters.
Preserving Vote Secrecy in End-to-End Verifiable Voting Systems

End-to-end verifiable voting systems allow voters to audit if their votes are cast as intended, collected as listed and recorded as collected, in other words, provide a counting that can be conferred by civil society. Essentially, end-to-end voting systems provide assurance to voters that each stage of the election was fine. At the same time, voting systems must protect the privacy of the voter and to avoid the possibility of influence and undue coercion of voters. Several voting systems have been proposed, ranging in usability and practicality. Here the intention is to perform an assessment of existing systems in order to identify its weak points, capitalize on its strengths and propose new models of implementation for existing electronic voting systems.
A stacked sparse autoencoder based architecture for Punjabi and English spoken language classification using MFCC features

Spoken language classification is an important task in speech processing. It can serve as a preprocessing step in the pipeline of automated understanding of the semantics of human speech. The paper proposes a Sparse Autoencoder based architecture for Punjabi and English spoken language Classification. A number of shallow architectures namely Soft-max classifier, SVM and deep architectures namely Artificial Neural Networks, SVM with Sparse Auto encoder and Softmax with sparse auto encoder (with and without fine tuning) have been compared on the same task. For this purpose noisy speech samples of 1 second using frame based MFCC coefficients of speech samples have been considered. Comparison of Principal Component Analysis and Sparse autoencoder based features has also been done on the dataset.
Ditransitive clauses in English with special reference to Lancashire dialect

Unlike many other languages, English has three ditransitive constructions; a prepositional one in which the recipient or beneficiary is marked by a preposition and two double object constructions, one in which the recipient precedes the theme and the other in which the theme precedes the recipient. The availability and use of these three constructions in different dialects of English has long been an issue of controversy. This paper offers actual corpus data relating to the distribution of the three ditransitive constructions in one English dialect, namely Lancashire dialect. It shows that in cases where both the recipient and theme are pronominal, the double object construction with theme > recipient order is not only possible but in fact dominant.
Entropy Based Intrusion-tolerant Key Management Scheme with Updatability for Unattended Wireless Sensor Network

An Unattended Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) collects the sensing data by using Mobile Sinks (MSs) which will save the battery power and prolong the network lifetime. Unfortunately, UWSNs are usually deployed in unreachable and hostile environments where MSs, who are given too much privilege, can be easily compromised. This will result in security problems. Thus, their security issues should be carefully addressed to deal with node compromise. In this paper, we present a novel key management scheme employing Blundo symmetric polynomial mechanism and the reverse hash chain to secure UWSNs. From the information entropy perspective, we prove that our scheme is intrusion-tolerant against conspiracy attack of t nodes in every group and show that our scheme is robust against node compromised attacks compared with relative schemes. Streszczenie W niedozorowanych bezprzewodowych sieciach czujnikowych (UWSN) stosuje sie zbieranie danych przy pomocy mobilnych stacji (mobile sink,MS). Dzieki temu uzyskuje sie oszczedności w poborze mocy baterii oraz wydluzenie czasu zycia sieci. UWSN są czesto umieszczane w niedostepnym i wrogim środowisku, gdzie MS, ktorym dano za duzo uprawnien, mogą byc latwo skompromitowane. To stwarza problemy bezpieczenstwa, szczegolnie starannie rozpatrywane w przypadku kompromitacji wezlow sieci. W opracowaniu, w celu zabezpieczenia UWSN, przedstawiono nowy schemat zarządzania kluczem, wykorzystujący mechanizm symetrycznego wielomianu Blundo i odwrocony ciąg kodowy. Rozpatrując entropie informacji dowiedziono, ze, w porownaniu do innych schematow, nasz schemat jest odporny na wlamanie wobec atakow na t wezlow w kazdej grupie oraz jest silny wobec atakow wezlow skompromitowanych. Entropia opartego o odporny na wlamanie schemat zarządzania kluczem z mozliwością aktualizacji do niedozorowanej bezprzewodowej sieci czujnikowej
Optoelectronic Components for WDM-PON

With the increasing demand for bandwidth, there is an ever growing interest in fibre to the home (FTTH) technologies and its deployments. Wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks (WDM-PONs) have received a lot of attention as one of the best contenders for next generation optical access networks. In this paper we will overview on WDM-PON architectures, focussing our attention on reflective PON schemes that offer a cost-effective, colourless solution. The critical component required for these schemes is the reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) transmitter at the customer premises. This paper will report latest results on RSOA technology for WDM-PON.
An Efficient Cryptographic Privacy Preserving Algorithm for Association Rule Mining over Heterogeneous Database

Recently, there are many privacy and security issues in data mining. A considerable research has focused on developing new data mining algorithms that incorporate privacy constraints. Their is a conflict between privacy and data mining. As most types of data mining produce summary results that do not reveal information about individuals. But the process of data mining may use private data, leading to the potential for privacy breaches. In this paper, we focus on privately mining association rules in vertically partitioned data. We present an efficient algorithm for this problem based on cryptographic. The proposed algorithm not only secure as other protocols for the same problem, but also much faster.
A parser-based approach to detecting modification of biomedical events

This work describes a system for identifying event mentions in bio-molecular text that are either speculative (e.g. analysis of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation, where it is not specified whether phosphorylation did or did not occur) or negated (e.g. inhibition of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation, where phosphorylation did not occur). Our system combines a simple bag-of-words approach with two grammar-based approaches, namely the English Resource Grammar and the RASP parser. We interpret the output of the respective parsers via MRS semantics, and feed them into a machine learner. Our results indicate that grammar-based techniques can enhance the accuracy of methods for detecting event modification.
Cyclooxygenase-2 and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors as Potential Targets in Treating Aggressive Fibromatosis

Purpose: To explore the molecular bases of potential new pharmacologic targets in aggressive fibromatosis (desmoid tumor). Experimental Design: Tumor specimens from 14 patients surgically treated for aggressive fibromatosis (6 familial adenomatous polyposis and 8 sporadic cases), analyzed for adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and CTNNB1 (β-catenin) mutations, were further investigated for β-catenin, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor α (PDGFRA)/PDGF receptor β (PDGFRB), their cognate ligands (PDGFA and PDGFB), and KIT using a comprehensive immunohistochemical, biochemical, molecular, and cytogenetic approach. Results: No CTNNB1 (β-catenin) mutations were found in the familial adenomatous polyposis patients, but previously reported activating mutations were found in six of the eight sporadic patients. All of the cases carrying an altered WNT pathway showed nuclear and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for β-catenin, whereas β-catenin expression was restricted to the cytoplasm in the sporadic patients lacking CTNNB1 mutations. COX-2 protein and mRNA overexpression was detected in all 14 cases, together with the expression and phosphorylation of PDGFRA and PDGFRB, which in turn paralleled the presence of their cognate ligands. No PDGFRB mutations were found. The results are consistent with PDGFRA and PDGFRB activation sustained by an autocrine/paracrine loop. Conclusions: Aggressive fibromatosis is characterized by WNT/oncogene pathway alterations triggering COX-2–mediated constitutive coactivation of PDGFRA and PDGFRB, and may therefore benefit from combined nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug + tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment.
Wavelet based unsupervised variational Bayesian image reconstruction approach

In this paper, we present a variational Bayesian approach in the wavelet domain for linear image reconstruction problems. This approach is based on a Gaussian Scale Mixture prior and an improved variational Bayesian approximation method. Its main advantages are that it is unsupervised and can be used to solve various linear inverse problems. We show the good performance of our approach through comparisons with state of the art approaches on a deconvolution problem.
Ontology-based Personalization in User-Adaptive Systems

User-adaptation can benefit from advances in ontology engineering, when it comes to modeling domain and user or content and context. Particularly when it comes to enhanced personalized access to existing content repositories, the incorporation of ontological knowledge can help a lot. In this paper we share the experience from two out of a number of use cases in which we have applied an ontology-based approach to enhance the personalized access to available content (one for TV multimedia content collections, one for cultural heritage multimedia archives). As we demonstrate, the approach involves proper modeling of the domain and of the additional knowledge that is included in the system (to enrich the access) and it involves data transformations that match the ontological knowledge. This gives us excellent opportunities to investigate the properties of ontology engineering for enhancing the personalized access to available, existing repositories.