Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of Neuroenhancement Drugs: Prevalence, Frequency and Use Expectations in Switzerland

Objective: The present study investigates the use expectations, prevalence and frequency of neuroenhancement drug (ND) use among the Swiss male population, separating college students from others. Methods: Young Swiss men were invited to participate in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors. A total of 5,967 participants responded to questions on six types of NDs (wakefulness medication, antidepressants, Alzheimer’s disease medication, Parkinson’s disease medication, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication, and beta-blockers). The frequency of use depending on five expectations (to enhance wakefulness, attention, memory, concentration and stress reduction) was analyzed for a twelve-month period. Results: (1) About 3% of the sample indicated use of at least one ND; (2) ADHD medication was the most prevalent; (3) The type of ND preferred differed depending on academic status (4). Quantitatively, over the year, college student users used ND much less frequently than other users. Conclusions: Prevalence of ND use is low in Switzerland relative to other countries such as the United States. Patterns of ND use differed depending on academic status, suggesting that while college student ND users tended to do so rarely (probably to enhance cognitive abilities for exams), non-college male users used other NDs more frequently (probably to “get high”).
Reconstructing Amino Acid Interaction Networks by an Ant Colony Approach

Summary. In this paper we introduce the notion of protein interaction network. This is a graph whose vertices are the proteins amino acids and whose edges are the interactions between them. We consider the problem of reconstructing protein’s interaction network from its amino acid sequence. We rely on a probability that two amino acids interact as a function of their physico-chemical properties coupled to an ant colony system to solve this problem.
Understanding wider environmental influences on mentoring: Towards an ecological model of mentoring in academic medicine.

UNLABELLED Mentoring is a complex developmental relationship that contributes to individual growth and career advancement in different areas of human activity, including academic medicine. This article describes a broader environmental milieux in which mentoring occurs and considers the ways in which the environmental factors may affect the process and outcomes of mentoring. An ecological model of mentoring is proposed that takes into account various factors broadly operating at three contextual levels. The first is societal or "macro" level, which implies cultural, economic, and political factors. The second is institutional or "meso" level, consisting of a) system-related factors such as field and discipline characteristics, and government policies, and b) organization-related factors such as mentoring climate, reward structure, and work design. The third contextual level relates to intrapersonal and interpersonal characteristics of mentor-mentee dyads. If mentoring dyad is viewed as the focal point, societal and institutional levels may be labeled as "external", and personal level as "internal". The conceptual diversity and methodological challenges in the study of mentoring need to be acknowledged, but should not be an excuse to leave the external contextual elements out of the researchers' horizon, as they inevitably shape and modify the mentoring relationships. CONCLUSION Model presented in this article offers a holistic view of mentoring in academic medicine that may help one comprehend and appreciate the complexity of influences on mentoring, and inform the future research agenda on this important topic.
Lips Detection Based on Skin Model and Adaboost Algorithm in the Human-Wheelchair Interaction

In order to improve the real-time of system and realize the harmonious human-machine interaction, we use the method which combines color segment and Adaboost to detect lips. Firstly, It segment the face region with skin model. Then scan the face region by Adaboost algorithm to detect lip. Through confirm the lips window's position in the entire image, to control the intelligent wheelchair's movement. The experiment show that this method could reduce the detection time greatly and improve the detection precision.
Toward an Approach to Privacy in Public: Challenges of Information Technology

This article highlights a contemporary privacy problem that falls outside the scope of dominant theoretical approaches. Although these approaches emphasize the connection between privacy and a protected personal (or intimate) sphere, many individuals perceive a threat to privacy in the widespread collection of information even in realms normally considered "public". In identifying and describing the problem of privacy in public, this article is preliminary work in a larger effort to map out future theoretical directions.
Incorporating molecular scale structure into the van der Waals theory of the liquid-vapor interface

We have developed a new and general theory of nonuniform fluids that naturally incorporates molecular scale information into the classical van der Waals theory of slowly varying interfaces. Here the theory is applied to the liquid-vapor interface of a Lennard-Jones fluid. The method combines a molecular field treatment of the effects of unbalanced attractive forces with a locally optimal use of linear response theory to approximate fluid structure by that of the associated (hard sphere like) reference fluid. Our approach avoids many of the conceptual problems that arise in the classical theory and shows why capillary wave effects are not included in the theory. The general theory and a simplified version gives results for the interface profile and surface tension for states with different temperatures and potential energy cutoffs that compare very favorably with simulation data.
Model-Driven Software Engineering in Robotics: Models Are Designed to Use the Relevant Things, Thereby Reducing the Complexity and Cost in the Field of Robotics

A model is an abstract representation of a real system or phenomenon [1]. The idea of a model is to capture important properties of reality and to eglect irrelevant details. The properties that are relevant and that can be neglected depend on the purpose of creating a model. A model can make a particular system or phenomenon easier to understand, quantify, visualize, simulate, or predict.
Hanging out in the concrete jungle: Exploring the culture of youth homelessness in Melbourne

1 Glossary of Terms . 1 Preface . 3 Introduction . 9 Key Research Questions . 9 Significance . 10 Defining ‘Subculture’. 11 Defining Homelessness . 11 Youth Homelessness in Australia . 13 Responding to Youth Homelessness . 14 Negotiating Key Understandings of Youth Homelessness . 16 Conceptualising the ‘Problem People’: Pathways into Homelessness . 17 Youth Homelessness as a Process: Career Trajectories . 18 Thesis Structure . 19 Chapter One . 21 Some Theoretical Starting Points: Academic Debates surrounding Subcultures . 22 The Chicago School . 22 The British Response: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies: . 24 The Subcultural Turn . 25 Subcultural Theory and Research on Homelessness . 26 Subcultural Participation . 28 Social Exclusion . 30 Friendships . 32 Subgroups within the Homeless Subculture . 33 Street Families . 35 Me, Myself and I: Changing Identities . 36 Hierarchies within the Subculture . 37 Routines and Rules . 38 Claiming Space . 39 Prostitution and Sexual Violence . 42 To Summarise . 44 Chapter Two . 47 IV Guiding Methodology – A reflexive approach . 48 Ethnography . 49 Research Methods & Setting . 50 Research Setting: The Concrete Jungle. 51 Participant Observation . 53 Semi-Structured Interviews. 56 Auto-Photography . 57 Data Analysis . 60 Ethical Considerations . 61 Remuneration . 63 On Multiple Personalities. 63 Leaving the Field . 65 Introducing the Young People . 66 Cameron . 66 Stevie. 66 Genete . 66 Cookie . 67 Renee. 67 Lauren . 67 Glenn . 68 Kane . 68 Beyond their Homelessness: Socio-demographic characteristics of participants . 69 Age and Gender . 69 Ethnicity . 69 Sexual Orientation and Identity . 70 Family Background and Contact with Family . 71 Education and Employment . 71 Income. 72 To Summarise . 73 Chapter Three . 75 Becoming Homeless. 75 Pathways into Homelessness . 76 I am Homeless . 77 Where I Sleep . 78 Sleeping Rough . 81 Social Worlds . 82 Intimate Relationships. 83 V Platonic Friendships . 84 Street Families . 86 Peer Groups and Subcultures . 90 Subculture Groups: Defining and Differentiating . 91 Scene Kids . 92 Punks . 94 City Rats. 95 The Rhymers .
Psychometric Properties of an Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview

Although research has been conducted to support the psychometric properties of rating scales used to assess ADHD in adults, little work has been published examining semi-structured interviews to assess ADHD in adults. The present study examined the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Conners Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) in a sample (N = 30) of patients referred to an outpatient clinic. Kappa statistics for individual symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity were in the fair to good range for current report and retrospective childhood report. Kappa values for overall diagnosis, which included all DSM-IV symptoms, were fair for both current (adult) ADHD diagnosis (kappa = .67) and childhood report (kappa = .69). Concurrent validity was demonstrated for adult hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and child inattentive symptoms. The findings are discussed in the context of overall issues pertaining to adult ADHD assessment.
Perceived Effectiveness of Social Networks for Job Search

Abstract One of the most common uses of the capabilities of social networks is for professional, and business purposes. The literature presents conflicting evidence as to the effectiveness of different networks for professional purposes. Therefore, our primary research aim is to conduct a comparative investigation of the effectiveness and factors which influence the effectiveness of different social networks for finding a job. This study focuses on the two most popular networks, Facebook and LinkedIn; the former is not intended specifically for professional purposes while the latter is. To this end, we conducted a user study based on over 220 responses to a questionnaire especially designed for this goal. In our analysis, we distinguish and compare between the users’ perceptions and attitudes toward the effectiveness of the network and its actual helpfulness for finding a job in past experience. Our results indicate that different demographic and network usage variables influence the attitude to effectiveness and helpfulness of the networks. Thus, users with lower incomes preferred Facebook, while more educated users with higher incomes perceived LinkedIn as more effective. Interestingly, we found that despite the fact that LinkedIn was perceived as significantly more effective for finding a job by the majority of the users, the actual helpfulness of the two networks was assessed as quite similar. Our findings provide direct evidence for bridging social capital increase by online social networks. This study has practical implications and recommendations that will enable job candidates to improve their job-hunting strategies.
Smooth Task Migration in Apache Storm

Task migration happens when distributed data processing systems scale in real-time. To handle the task migration process more gracefully, we propose three task migration methods: (i) worker level migration, (ii) executor level migration, and (iii) executor level migration with reliable messaging. We implement our migration methods on Apache Storm. Our experiments show that, compared with Storm's original migration implementation, our methods significantly reduce the performance degradation and the number of task failures during each migration.
Antioxidant Activity of Mulberry Fruit Extracts

Phenolic compounds were extracted from the fruits of Morus nigra and Morus alba using methanol and acetone. The sugar-free extracts (SFEs) were prepared using Amberlite XAD-16 column chromatography. All of the SFEs exhibited antioxidant potential as determined by ABTS (0.75–1.25 mmol Trolox/g), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (EC50 from 48 μg/mL to 79 μg/mL), and reducing power assays. However, a stronger activity was noted for the SFEs obtained from Morus nigra fruits. These extracts also possessed the highest contents of total phenolics: 164 mg/g (methanolic SFE) and 173 mg/g (acetonic SFE). The presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the extracts was confirmed using HPLC method and chlorogenic acid and rutin were found as the dominant phenolic constituents in the SFEs.
Modulation of the Sympatho-Vagal Balance during Sleep: Frequency Domain Study of Heart Rate Variability and Respiration

Sleep is a complex state characterized by important changes in the autonomic modulation of the cardiovascular activity. Heart rate variability (HRV) greatly changes during different sleep stages, showing a predominant parasympathetic drive to the heart during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and an increased sympathetic activity during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Respiration undergoes important modifications as well, becoming deeper and more regular with deep sleep and shallower and more frequent during REM sleep. The aim of the present study is to assess both autonomic cardiac regulation and cardiopulmonary coupling variations during different sleep stages in healthy subjects, using spectral and cross-spectral analysis of the HRV and respiration signals. Polysomnographic sleep recordings were performed in 11 healthy women and the HRV signal and the respiration signal were obtained. The spectral and cross-spectral parameters of the HRV signal and of the respiration signal were computed at low frequency and at breathing frequency (high frequency, HF) during different sleep stages. Results attested a sympatho-vagal balance shift toward parasympathetic modulation during NREM sleep and toward sympathetic modulation during REM sleep. Spectral analysis of the HRV signal and of the respiration signal indicated a higher respiration regularity during deep sleep, and a higher parasympathetic drive was also confirmed by an increase in the coherence between the HRV and the respiration signal in the HF band during NREM sleep. Our findings about sleep stage-dependent variations in the HRV signal and in the respiratory activity are in line with previous evidences and confirm spectral analysis of the HRV and the respiration signal to be a suitable tool for investigating cardiac autonomic modulation and cardio-respiratory coupling during sleep.
A methodology for assessing video transmission energy consumption and quality

Video traffic has been growing significantly and it is expected to be a large share of the future Internet traffic, within an increasingly mobile environment with scarce resources. In this context, new challenges arise, and energy-efficiency is becoming a key factor for the successful deployment of mobile networks. The development and validation of mechanisms for energy-efficient video transmission require the measurement of the energy consumption needed for video transmission, considering also the end-user Quality of Experience. This issue is of utmost importance, as users will tailor their application and network usage behaviors based on the perceived quality of the services and on the capabilities of their devices. In this work, an integrated empirical methodology to assess the video transmission energy consumption and quality is proposed. The developed methodology was validated on two distinct testbeds, one with IEEE 802.11 and the other with IEEE 802.16e. Results showed that the proposed methodology enables an accurate assessment of energy consumption with different technologies, while measuring the end-user Quality of Experience. Another contribution of the proposed methodology is the capability to gather data to support the creation and validation of realistic simulation models.
A method of stereo vision matching based on OpenCV

Stereo vision is an important branch of the research area in computer vision. Among the techniques of stereo vision, binocular stereo vision which is based on processing two images remains a research hotspot. Binocular stereo vision directly simulates the manner of human eyes observing one scene from two different viewpoints. By using the principle of triangulation, the disparities of a number of 3D points mapped to pixels in two images are computed. Then the visual information of depth is also recovered. The object surface shape can be acquired using these disparities. In this paper, a pair of common web cameras is used to collect images. Based on OpenCV, the calibration algorithm of stereo vision is achieved. Stereo rectify and stereo matching algorithm are also rapidly and efficiently implemented. Finally, the depth information of object is obtained.
Motion Tracking Based on Boolean Compressive Infrared Sampling

This paper concerns the issue of motion tracking with Bayesian filtering driven by boolean compressive infrared sampling. In particular, this paper proposes an implementation of boolean compressive infrared sampling modality, and a measurement transformation method which maps the presence state recovered from boolean compressive infrared sampling into functional measurement for Bayesian filtering with a functional vector quantizer. Simulation studies are reported to validate the proposed transformation method in motion tracking.
Brief Report: Proatherogenic Cytokine Microenvironment in the Aortic Adventitia of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) via mechanisms that have not yet been defined. Inflammatory pathways, in particular within the vascular adventitia, are implicated in the pathogenesis of primary CVD but could be amplified in RA at the local tissue level. The aim of this study was to examine the aortic adventitia of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without RA to determine the cytokine profile contained therein.
Human-Moderated Remote User Testing : Protocols and Applications

Local user testing accrues high costs when solely relied on during the iterative cycle of usercentered design. A number of automatic evaluation methods have emerged with the aim of reducing costs incurred by repeated local tests, international user testing and post-deployment assessments. When considering costs, it is important not to overlook the benefits provided in human-moderated user testing. This paper focuses on the benefits of human moderation, provides test administration protocols for human-moderated remote testing and examines those protocols in real life settings.
A Fast Algorithm for MPEG Video Segmentation Based on Macroblock

A fast algorithm for MPEG compressed video segmentation based on macroblock (MB) is presented in this paper. The proposed method can detect the scene change boundaries accurately through the macroblock information of B-frame and P-frame which can be extracted from the encoded bit-stream directly without total decompression for MPEG bit-stream, so the detecting speed is quick. Simulation results in different sequences show that the proposed algorithm is effective and accurate for detecting scene change boundaries in MPEG video.
An Experimental Analysis of Prevent-Teach-Reinforce for Families (PTR-F)

A single-case withdrawal design replicated across three families was used to evaluate the impact of the manualized Prevent-Teach-Reinforce for Families (PTR-F) process for addressing challenging behavior. Results across three families showed that (a) families reached high-fidelity implementation of the behavior support plans (BSPs) developed using the PTR-F process, (b) functional relations existed between parent implementation of the BSP strategies and child behavior, and (c) families perceived the PTR-F process and the BSPs as socially valid. Our results replicated findings from prior research on the general efficacy of the PTR process when extended to its use by adult family members in home settings. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Regular Path Queries in Lightweight Description Logics: Complexity and Algorithms

Conjunctive regular path queries are an expressive extension of the well-known class of conjunctive queries. Such queries have been extensively studied in the (graph) database community, since they support a controlled form of recursion and enable sophisticated path navigation. Somewhat surprisingly, there has been little work aimed at using such queries in the context of description logic (DL) knowledge bases, particularly for the lightweight DLs that are considered best suited for data-intensive applications. This paper aims to bridge this gap by providing algorithms and tight complexity bounds for answering two-way conjunctive regular path queries over DL knowledge bases formulated in lightweight DLs of the DL-Lite and EL families. Our results demonstrate that in data complexity, the cost of moving to this richer query language is as low as one could wish for: the problem is NL-complete for DL-Lite and P-complete for EL. The combined complexity of query answering increases from NP- to PSPACE-complete, but for two-way regular path queries (without conjunction), we show that query answering is tractable even with respect to combined complexity. Our results reveal two-way conjunctive regular path queries as a promising language for querying data enriched by ontologies formulated in DLs of the DL-Lite and EL families or the corresponding OWL 2 QL and EL profiles.
Almost Sure Convergence of Relative Frequency of Occurrence of Burst Errors on Channels with Memory

Mineral fiber board and process for the production thereof comprising a composite structure of several board layers. The fibers are oriented in a preferred direction in each board layer. The preferred fiber directions of successive board layers cross one another. The board layers are joined by means of a bridge formed from binders, which are added to at least one of the board layers. According to the production process, prefabricated base boards are moved in contiguous manner on a conveyor belt. The fibers of the base boards are at right angles to the conveying direction of the board. A pasty, fibrous mass is applied thereto with the belt moving and this forms the next board layer. The fibers of the pasty mass are preferably aligned parallel to the belt conveying direction. The boards are then dried. The strength, as well as the dimensional and shape stability of the boards are considerably improved.
EFL Teachers’ Job Satisfaction and Their Social Capital in Relation to Students’ Motivation

The present study explored the relationship among teacher job satisfaction, social capital and students’ motivation. The under study participants were 69 EFL teachers and their students of Mashhad and Ghoochan English private institutes. The population surveyed using JSQ (job satisfaction questionnaire and SCQ (social capital questionnaire) for teachers. The researcher also used Gardener’s (1985) motivation questionnaire to measure students’ motivation. The researcher used the Persian format of the questionnaire in this study. The results revealed that teacher job satisfaction is related to students’ motivation but teacher social capital is an independent variable and does not have any correlation with students’ motivation. These results mean that if teachers have high level of job satisfaction students will have higher level of motivation, but the level of social capital has not any direct effect on students’ motivation. According to results job satisfaction and social capital are independent from each other.