Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real time activity recognition framework for health monitoring support in home environments

Technology advances accelerate the quality and type of services provided for health care and especially for monitoring health conditions. Sensors have turned out to be more effective to detect diverse physiological signs and can be worn on the human body utilizing remote correspondence modules. An assortment of programming devices have been created to help in preparing a difference rundown of essential signs by examining and envisioning information produced by different sensors. In this proposition, we presented a Health signs and Activity acknowledgment monitoring system. Utilizing off-the-rack sensors, we executed a movement location system for identifying five sorts of action: falling, lying down, sitting, standing, and walking. The framework collects and analyzes sensory data in real-time, and provides different feedback to the users. In addition, it can generate alerts based on the detected events and store the data collected to a medical server.
Prevalence and predictors of PTSD and depression among adolescent victims of the Spring 2011 tornado outbreak.

BACKGROUND Relatively few studies have examined prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depressive episode (MDE) in disaster-affected adolescents. Fewer still have administered diagnostic measures or studied samples exposed to tornadoes, a common type of disaster. Further, methodologic problems limit the generalizability of previous findings. This study addressed prevalence estimates and risk factors for PTSD and MDE among adolescents exposed to the Spring 2011 tornado outbreak in Alabama and Joplin, Missouri. METHODS A large (N = 2000), population-based sample of adolescents and caregivers, recruited randomly from tornado-affected communities, participated in structured telephone interviews. PTSD and MDE prevalence were estimated for the overall sample, by gender, and by age. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for PTSD and MDE. RESULTS Overall, 6.7% of adolescents met diagnostic criteria for PTSD and 7.5% of adolescents met diagnostic criteria for MDE since the tornado. Girls were significantly more likely than boys to meet diagnostic criteria for MDE, and older adolescents were more likely than younger adolescents to report MDE since the tornado. Female gender, prior trauma exposure, and an injured family member were associated with greater risk for PTSD and MDE. Specific incident characteristics (loss of services, concern about others' safety) were associated with greater PTSD risk; prior disaster exposure was associated with lower MDE risk. CONCLUSIONS However, most adolescents were resilient following tornado exposure, roughly 1 in 15 developed PTSD, 1 in 13 developed MDE, and many more endorsed subclinical mental health problems. Information regarding specific risk factors can guide early screening, prevention, and intervention efforts in disaster-affected communities.
Development of an intervention to restore attention in cancer patients

Developing interventions to maintain or restore attentional capacity during demanding phases of illness will help promote effective functioning in people with cancer. This study tested the effects of an experimental intervention aimed at maintaining or restoring attentional capacity in 32 women during the 3 months after surgery for localized (Stage I or II) breast cancer. The intervention was designed to minimize or prevent attentional fatigue through regular participation in activities that engage fascination and have other restorative properties. Attentional capacity was assessed using objective and subjective measures at four time points, ∼3, 18, 60, and 90 days after breast cancer surgery. After the first observation, subjects were randomly assigned to receive the intervention (n = 16) or not to receive intervention (n = 16). Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant interaction of experimental intervention and time on attentional capacity. Specifically, subjects in the intervention group showed significant improvement in attentional capacity over the four time points, while the nonintervention group showed a pattern of inconsistent performance over time. Findings suggest that nurses can intervene to maintain or restore attentional capacity in women after surgery for localized breast cancer. The theoretical basis for further development of attention-restoring interventions in patients with cancer is discussed.
Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Correction During Rod Rotation Technique

Study Design. A numerical study was conducted by simulating the Cotrel–Dubousset (CD) surgery. Objective. To quantify intraoperative correction during CD surgery. Summary of Background Data. Very few methods have been reported in literature to analyze the effect of intraoperative surgical gestures, and none considers the three-dimensional correction of the entire spine during the main surgical gestures. Intraoperative frontal radiographs limit analysis to two-dimensional correction, and movement tracking devices focus the kinematics study of specific vertebrae in the instrumented area only. Methods. This study included 20 patients, mean age 15 years, with severe idiopathic scoliosis treated by CD surgery. A patient-specific finite-element model (T1–L5 and pelvis), based on preoperative stereo-radiography and flexibility test radiographs, was constructed for each patient. An automated algorithm simulated all the main steps of the CD surgery. For each step, vertebral kinematics was exported to compute the evolution of various clinical parameters. Coherence of the simulations was evaluated by comparing the virtual postoperative spinal configuration with postoperative in vivo data. Results. The CD surgery affected the vertebral levels inside but also outside the fused spinal area, in a three-dimensional complex kinematics. Every intraoperative maneuver contributes to scoliosis correction. The second rod insertion, focused on the apical vertebra, leading to a global modification of all the curves. Conclusions. The automated patient-specific simulation of CD surgery may improve our understanding of surgical biomechanics. Therefore, it could increase the relevance of preoperative surgery planning.
Parietal Magnetic Stimulation Delays Visuomotor Mental Rotation at Increased Processing Demands

Visuomotor rotation (VMR) is a variant of the classic mental rotation paradigm. Subjects perform a center-out arm reaching movement, with the instruction to point clockwise or anticlockwise away from the direction of a reaction signal by a prespecified amount. Like classic mental rotation (MR) tasks, there is a linear relationship between reaction time (RT) and required angle of rotation (angular disparity). Although functional imaging studies have consistently demonstrated parietal activations centered around the intraparietal sulcus during MR tasks, the involvement of parietal cortex in VMR has not been investigated. The aim of the present experiments was to test in human subjects whether VMR also involves activity in parietal areas. We used short trains of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to produce a temporary "virtual lesion" of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) around the intraparietal sulcus during the reaction period of a VMR task. Four pulses of 20-Hz rTMS were applied to the left PPC, right PPC, or vertex (control condition) 100 ms after the presentation of an instruction cue. Reaction times (RTs) were evenly prolonged by right or left parietal TMS compared with vertex stimulation, but only for large angles of rotation, and without affecting the spatial accuracy of the final response. A control experiment showed that parietal rTMS did not impair visual perception or the ability to judge the size of visual angles. The data thus provide evidence for bilateral involvement of the PPC in VMR that increases with processing demands.
Investigation of Aerosol Surface Area Estimation from Number and Mass Concentration Measurements: Particle Density Effect

For nanoparticles with nonspherical morphologies, e.g., open agglomerates or fibrous particles, it is expected that the actual density of agglomerates may be significantly different from the bulk material density. It is further expected that using the material density may upset the relationship between surface area and mass when a method for estimating aerosol surface area from number and mass concentrations (referred to as “Maynard's estimation method”) is used. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively investigate how much the Maynard's estimation method depends on particle morphology and density. In this study, aerosol surface area estimated from number and mass concentration measurements was evaluated and compared with values from two reference methods: a method proposed by Lall and Friedlander for agglomerates and a mobility based method for compact nonspherical particles using well-defined polydisperse aerosols with known particle densities. Polydisperse silver aerosol particles were generated by an aerosol generation facility. Generated aerosols had a range of morphologies, count median diameters (CMD) between 25 and 50 nm, and geometric standard deviations (GSD) between 1.5 and 1.8. The surface area estimates from number and mass concentration measurements correlated well with the two reference values when gravimetric mass was used. The aerosol surface area estimates from the Maynard's estimation method were comparable to the reference method for all particle morphologies within the surface area ratios of 3.31 and 0.19 for assumed GSDs 1.5 and 1.8, respectively, when the bulk material density of silver was used. The difference between the Maynard's estimation method and surface area measured by the reference method for fractal-like agglomerates decreased from 79% to 23% when the measured effective particle density was used, while the difference for nearly spherical particles decreased from 30% to 24%. The results indicate that the use of particle density of agglomerates improves the accuracy of the Maynard's estimation method and that an effective density should be taken into account, when known, when estimating aerosol surface area of nonspherical aerosol such as open agglomerates and fibrous particles.
Modality-specific Spike Identification in Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography/Electroencephalography: A Methodological Approach

Summary Epileptiform spikes may have a different morphology and signal-to-noise ratio in simultaneously recorded EEGs and magnetoencephalograms (MEGs) that may lead to differences in the identification of spikes if both the modalities are presented separately. Moreover, there are no criteria for MEG spikes. It is unknown to which extent the visual assessment of MEG data yields consistent and meaningful results. Nineteen patients were selected with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent whole-head simultaneous MEG/EEG. These data were split into MEG and EEG files and were assessed independently by three observers for the occurrence of spikes. Interobserver kappa values were calculated. A mean kappa value greater than 0.5 was taken as a criterion for the presence of unequivocal spikes. Index cases from the resulting four subgroups were studied further. One patient had unequivocal spikes in both modalities, one in EEG only, one in MEG only, and one did not show any unequivocal spike. Spikes on which at least two observers agreed were then subjected to a template match algorithm to test for equal morphology and distribution. Equal spikes were averaged and electrical and magnetic field maps were plotted. Unequivocal spikes were found in both MEG and EEG in one patient, in MEG only in two patients, in EEG only in two patients, and no spikes in either modality were seen in 14 patients. In the four index patients, MEG showed 50 to 80% more spikes than EEG. After averaging identical consensus spikes, MEG spikes revealed a concomitant spike in the EEG, but the reverse was not always true. Even in the patient with MEG and EEG spikes that met all selection criteria, simultaneous field maps showed unexpected inconsistencies. In most patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, there are no unequivocal spikes during MEG/EEG. In some cases, however, experienced electroencephalographers can identify MEG spikes reliably. Because of a better signal-to-noise ratio, more spikes could be identified in MEG than in EEG. Simultaneous MEG/EEG recordings do not simply ensure the best of both, but one modality may improve the identification of spikes in the other. In addition, different aspects of a complex source can be revealed. Our three-step approach to combined data ensures a reproducible selection of spikes for source modeling.
Monochloramine Inhibits the Expression of E-selectin and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Induced by TNF-α Through the Suppression of NF-κB Activation in Human Endothelial Cells

Reactive oxygen species have various effects on the expression of cell adhesion molecules induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor f (TNF- f ). We studied the effects of monochloramine (NH 2 Cl), a physiological oxidant derived from activated neutrophils, on the TNF- f -induced expression of e-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC were pretreated with or without NH 2 Cl (20-90 w M for 20 min), then stimulated with TNF- f (10 ng/ml), and the expression of e-selectin and ICAM-1 was measured. Without NH 2 Cl, TNF- f induced marked expression of e-selectin and ICAM-1. Pretreatment with NH 2 Cl resulted in a significant, but transient inhibition of the expression of adhesion molecules. Higher dose of NH 2 Cl showed more pronounced inhibition, and the inhibitory effect lasted for 8 h when 70 w M of NH 2 Cl was added. TNF- f stimulation also induced marked activation of nuclear factor s B (NF- s B). Notably, NH 2 Cl also inhibited this NF- s B activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was similar to the inhibition of e-selectin and ICAM-1 expression. In addition, I s B- f phosphorylation and degradation were also inhibited by NH 2 Cl pretreatment. These observations indicated that NH 2 Cl inhibited TNF- f -induced expression of e-selectin and ICAM-1 through the inhibition of NF- s B activation. We speculate that neutrophil-derived chloramines may have a regulatory role in the recruitment of leukocytes.
Tamoxifen-associated malignant endometrial tumors: pathologic features and expression of hormone receptors estrogen-alpha, estrogen-beta and progesterone; a case controlled study.

OBJECTIVE Expression analysis of estrogen receptor-beta (ER-beta) and estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) in tamoxifen-associated malignant endometrial tumors (TAMET) has not previously been published. Antiestrogens complexed with ER-beta have been reported to result in activation of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) pathway that may result in cell proliferation and tumor growth. In this study, the pathologic features and expression of ER-alpha, ER-beta and progesterone receptor (PR) in TAMET were determined and compared to matched cases of non-tamoxifen-associated endometrial cancers. METHODS TAMET (n = 33) were evaluated for pathologic features (tumor type, grade, depth of myometrial invasion, lymphvascular space invasion and lymph node status), expression of ER-alpha, ER-beta and PR, and survival data (mean follow-up: 28.7 months). Each case was matched to two control patients with spontaneous endometrial cancers according to tumor type, grade and stage as well as patient age and weight (mean follow-up: 51.5 months). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were immunostained with anti-ER-alpha (1D5, Dako, Carpinteria, CA) and anti-PR (PgR636, Dako). Expression scores were determined as a sum of the product of staining intensity and proportion of cells staining (H-score). Deparaffinized sections of tumor were microdissected followed by RNA isolation. Quantification of ER-beta mRNA was performed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR with results expressed as a percentage of beta-actin mRNA. RESULTS Of the 33 cases 20 were endometrioid (8 grade 1, 10 grade 2, 2 grade 3), 9 papillary serous and 4 malignant mullerian mixed tumors. Using a multivariate conditional regression model, TAMET had lower ER-alpha expression (P = 0.018), higher PR expression (P = 0.029), and more frequent expression of ER-beta (P = 0.032) as compared to control cases. Cases with TAMET had more deaths from cancer and significantly worse survival from disease than controls (P = 0.01 by a log rank test). CONCLUSION TAMET are characterized by a lower expression of ER-alpha, higher expression of PR and more frequent expression of ER-beta as compared to spontaneous tumors. Differential expression of ER-alpha and ER-beta may alter the expression of key target genes (such as those induced by AP-1-dependent gene transcription), and contribute to the pathogenesis and clinical behavior of these tumors. Survival from disease was significantly worse for cases with TAMET as compared to controls.
Surgical ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation in cardiac surgery: a cumulative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Introduction Concomitant surgical ablation is a treatment modality for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing cardiac surgery, however, its efficacy and clinical outcomes are not well established. The present study is the first cumulative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) on clinical outcomes of surgical ablation versus no ablative treatment in all patients with cardiac surgery. Methods Electronic searches were performed using six databases from their inception to October 2013, identifying all relevant RCTs comparing surgical ablation versus no ablation in patients with AF undertaking cardiac surgery. Data were extracted and analysed according to predefined clinical endpoints. Results Sixteen relevant RCTs were identified for the present study. Higher prevalence of sinus rhythm in the surgical ablation group was evident at all ≥12 month follow-up (OR, 6.72; 95% CI 4.88 to 9.25; p<0.00001). There were no significant differences between surgical ablation versus no ablation in terms of mortality (OR, 1.05; 95% CI 0.66 to 1.68; p=0.83), pacemaker implantations (OR, 0.88; 95% CI 0.51 to 1.51; p=0.64), and neurological events (OR, 0.86; 95% CI 0.37 to 2.04; p=0.74). Cumulative meta-analysis demonstrated that these trends have remained consistent over the years, with recent studies narrowing the CIs of the summary estimates. Conclusions The evaluation of the current randomised trials demonstrates that concomitant surgical ablation and cardiac surgery is safe and effective at restoring sinus rhythm.
Fire interest and antisociality as risk factors in the severity and persistence of juvenile firesetting.

OBJECTIVE In the DSM-IV-TR, firesetting is included as a criterion for the diagnoses of conduct disorder and pyromania. The link between firesetting and antisocial behavior is well established in the empirical literature. Although theoretical models of firesetting often include fire interest as a putative risk factor, there is little research on the role of fire interest in firesetting or on the construct of pyromania. METHOD The present study evaluated a sample of children and adolescents referred to an outpatient specialty program for juvenile firesetters with firesetting as the primary presenting problem. By assessing fire interest and antisocial behavior concurrently, the contribution of fire interest to firesetting after controlling for the role of conduct problems was evaluated. RESULTS Results revealed that fire interest and antisocial behavior were significantly and positively correlated. Moreover, variations in fire interest added to the prediction of firesetting severity at assessment and firesetting recidivism at 18-month follow-up above and beyond what was predicted by antisociality alone. CONCLUSIONS These findings have implications for an empirically derived taxonomy of pathological firesetting.
Cell‐type preference of immunoglobulin kappa and lambda gene promoters.

Immunoglobulin gene constant regions are known to be associated with strictly tissue‐specific enhancer elements. Until recently the promoter of the variable region, which becomes linked to the constant region by somatic rearrangement, could have been viewed as a passive recipient of the enhancer stimulus. Here we show that the promoters of the immunoglobulin kappa and lambda light chain genes are approximately 20‐30 times more active in lymphoid cells than in non‐lymphoid cells. To avoid the problem of differential mRNA stability upon transfection of immunoglobulin genes into non‐lymphoid cells we have constructed chimeric genes. All kappa mRNA sequences were progressively deleted to fuse the kappa gene promoter to a globin gene coding body. A similar chimeric gene was constructed with the promoter of the lambda gene. The cell‐type preference of the promoter may be exploited during B‐lymphocyte differentiation to regulate the immunoglobulin gene promoter independently from the enhancer.
Radiometric Calibration for Multispectral Camera of Different Imaging Conditions Mounted on a UAV Platform

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with multispectral cameras for remote sensing (RS) has provided new opportunities for ecological and agricultural related applications for modelling, mapping, and monitoring. However, when the multispectral images are used for the quantitative study, they should be radiometrically calibrated, which accounts for atmospheric and solar conditions by converting the digital number into a unit of scene reflectance that can be directly used in quantitative remote sensing (QRS). Indeed, some of the present applications using multispectral images are processed without precise calibration or with coarse calibration. The radiometric calibration of images from the UAV platform is quite difficult to perform, as the imaging condition is different for every single image. Thus, a standard procedure is necessary for a systematical radiometric calibration method to generate multispectral images with unit reflectance. Further, these images can be used to calculate vegetation indices, which are useful in monitoring vegetation phenology. These vegetation indices are considered as a potential screening tool to know the plant status, such as nitrogen, chlorophyll content, green leaf biomass, etc. This study focuses on a series of radiometric calibrations for multispectral images acquired from different flight altitudes, time instants, and weather conditions. Radiometric calibration for multispectral images is performed using the linear regression method (LRM). The main contribution involves (1) affirming the optimal calibration targets and assessing the atmospheric effects of different flights using the single scene of images; (2) to evaluate the effects of mosaic images with the LRM; (3) to propose and validate a universal calibration equation for the Mini Multiple Camera Array (MCA) 6 camera. The obtained results show that the three calibration targets, such as the dark, moderate, and white, are better for the Mini MCA 6 camera. The atmospheric effects increase with the increase of flight altitudes for each band, and the camera effect is of a fixed number. However, the camera effect and atmospheric attenuation to reflectance from different altitudes were relatively low considering the accuracy assessment. The performance measures namely, mean absolute deviation (indicated as V) and root mean square error (RMSE) between single and mosaic images show that the mosaic will not influence too much reflectance. The LRM performs well in all weather conditions. The universal calibration equation is suitable to apply to the images acquired during a sunny day and even with a little cloud.