Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
R&D Capitalization and Reputation‐Driven Real Earnings Management (Partially Retracted)

ABSTRACT: Prior research finds that mandatory expensing induces underinvestment in research and development (R&D). The current study investigates whether capitalization can also create R&D investment problems. Abandoning a capitalized project requires asset impairment, a negative reporting effect that could damage managers' reputations. In an experiment utilizing M.B.A. student participants, I find that managers responsible for initiating an R&D project are more likely to overinvest when R&D is capitalized. I show that high self‐monitors (those most likely to alter their behaviors to convey a positive image) are most likely to overinvest, suggesting that reputation concerns contribute to this behavior. A follow‐up survey reveals that, when R&D is capitalized, experienced executives anticipate overinvestment and expect project abandonment to have a stronger negative impact on the responsible manager's reputation and future prospects at their firm. The results suggest that managers are held responsible for .
Parallel SPH fluid control with dynamic details

Real‐time fluid control is indispensable in computer animation, games, virtual reality, etc. In the field of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) fluid control, the strategy of control force is often employed to control fluid particles; however, the artificial viscosity introduced by the control force would frequently lead to the loss of fine‐scale details. Although the introduction of the low‐pass filter can add back details, it may easily destroy the control target, and the control force method itself cannot make SPH fluid follow the fast‐moving control target. Meanwhile, this type of method is computation intensive and time consuming. To remedy the above problems, this paper proposed a novel, interactive SPH fluid control framework with turbulent details. We run SPH fluid simulation on Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) and greatly improve the efficiency of fluid control. The control particle with curvature framework was adapted in this paper. We specially designed spring forces to make the fluid match a fast‐moving control target. Moreover, fine fluid details were preserved separately by calculating the fluid turbulence under control and the free fluid turbulence. This improved SPH fluid control can run in real time, which can enhance the visual quality of fluid animation as well. Our novel method can be applied in fluid animation with special control effects to guide fluid to form a target shape while greatly preserving the dynamic details of fluid. Various experiment results demonstrated the ability of our novel method.
Efficient Extraction for Mobile Web Access Log with Caching Strategy

Mobile web access log file plays an important role in the analysis about demand of mobile terminal market or user behavior. However, the log file data is highly dimensional, disorganized and semi-structured, which heightens the difficulty of data extracting accuracy; while it generates and transmits continuously, which poses an extracting efficiency challenge. It is highly desirable to extract the information embedded in log files as disorder or hidden situation efficiently and accurately. This paper proposes an efficient extracting method for mobile web access log with cache strategy. Firstly of all, data dictionary sets are built for each kind of complex field before extracting. Then, data is extracted based on the dictionaries, and the dictionaries will be completed simultaneously. Furthermore, with the discovery of the distribution of some data in the log generally following Zipf-like distribution, cache strategy is considered to be an auxiliary way to reduce mapping time. In addition, the classical cache strategy LFU is chosen. Ultimately, the experiment shows that the data could be extracted from the log accurately, and the extracting efficiency speeds up remarkably with LFU cache strategy.
Glutamate Dehydrogenase Reaction as a Source of Glutamic Acid in Synaptosomes

Abstract: The role of the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction as a pathway of glutamate synthesis was studied by incubating synaptosomes with 5 mM15NH4Cl and then utilizing gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry to measure isotopic enrichment in glutamate and aspartate. The rate of formation of I15N]glutamatc and [15N]aspartate from 5 mM15NH4Cl was ∼0.2 nmol/min/mg of protein, a value much less than flux through glutaminase (4.8 nmol/min/mg of protein) but greater than flux through glutamine synthetase (0.045 nmol/min/mg of protein). Addition of 1 mM 2‐oxoglutarate to the medium did not affect the rate of [15N]glutamate formation. O2 consumption and lactate formation were increased in the presence of 5 mMNH3, whereas the intrasynaptosomal concentrations of glutamate and aspartate were unaffected. Treatment of synaptosomes with veratridine stimulated reductive amination of 2‐oxoglutarate during the early time points. The production of ([15N]glutamate + [15N]aspartate) was enhanced about twofold in the presence of 5 mM β‐(±)‐ 2‐aminobicyclo[2.2. 1]heptane‐2‐carboxylic acid, a known effector of glutamate dehydrogenase. Supplementation of the incubation medium with a mixture of unlabelled amino acids at concentrations similar to those present in the extracellular fluid of the brain had little effect on the intrasynaptosomal [glutamate] and [aspartate]. However, the enrichment in these amino acids was consistently greater in the presence of supplementary amino acids, which appeared to stimulate modestly the reductive amination of 2‐oxoglutarate. It is concluded: (a) compared with the phosphate‐dependent glutaminase reaction, reductive amination is a relatively minor pathway of synaptosomal glutamate synthesis in both the basal state and during depolarization; (b) NH3 toxicity, at least in synaptosomes, is not referable to energy failure caused by a depletion of 2‐oxoglutarate in the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction; and (c) transamination is not a major mechanism of glutamate nitrogen production in nerve endings.
Teaching and Publishing as Determinants of Academic Salaries

Having examined the reward structure at the University of Wisconsin, Siegfried and White report on the relative rewards for teaching and research in the Economics Department. The variables included in their model of salary determination are years of experience, publications, teaching productivity (based upon teaching evaluation scores), and administrative duties. The authors question the hypothesis that good researchers make good teachers, and analyze the relative merits of concentrating upon research, teaching or administrative work. Finally, they discuss the implications of their findings for economic education.
When Do Times of Increasing Uncertainty Call for Centralized Harmonization in International Policy Coordination?

Under what conditions do times of increasing uncertainty, such as the ongoing global turmoil, call for international policy harmonization? We shed light on this question by developing a model of interjurisdictional policy coordination taking place under incomplete information and featuring uncertainty about jurisdictions' politico-economic fundamentals. We show how the effect of an increase in uncertainty on the desirability of policy harmonization varies with the pattern of asymmetries in jurisdictions' scale, mutual influence, and magnitude of the increase in uncertainty. Our analysis suggests that the case for policy harmonization as a governance response to growing uncertainty is not compelling.
Inhibiting the TLR4‐MyD88 signalling cascade by genetic or pharmacological strategies reduces acute alcohol‐induced sedation and motor impairment in mice

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Emerging evidence implicates a role for toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the CNS effects of alcohol. The aim of the current study was to determine whether TLR4–MyD88‐dependent signalling is involved in the acute behavioural actions of alcohol and if alcohol can activate TLR4‐downstream MAPK and NF‐κB pathways.
Innovative financing for low-income housing improvement: lessons from programmes in Central America

This paper discusses what has been learnt from housing and local development programmes in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua supported and funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) during the last 15 years. It identifies common financial mechanisms that have proven to be effective and affordable by the urban poor in their search for better housing. It also discusses the different policies and interventions by national and sub-national governments and the “non-market incentives” that were required to make low-income housing programmes feasible and affordable, and what these imply for the financial and institutional sustainability of such programmes. It ends with recommendations for other international donors and national institutions that are seeking to design new financial services for housing for low-income groups.
Clinical Prediction of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis in Symptomatic Hospitalized Patients

Summary We evaluated two clinical scores for the prediction of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in hospitalized patients (Wells’ and Kahn’s). We included 273 patients referred to the vascular exploration unit for the suspicion of DVT. A clinical questionnaire was filled in by the practitioner and the scores were calculated from this form. 66 of the 273 patients had a DVT. When Wells’ score was 3, a DVT was found by duplex echography in 51% patients ; when the score was 0, a DVT was found in 9%. Kahn’s score was not adapted to this population. We then developed a new simple score (cancer, palsy or plaster immobilization, warmth, superficial venous dilation, unilateral pitting edema, other diagnosis). A DVT was found in 76% patients with a score of 3 and in 11% in those with a score of 0. We therefore propose a 6-item score whose main advantages are simplicity and usefulness in routine practice.
Next-Generation Environment-Aware Cellular Networks: Modern Green Techniques and Implementation Challenges

Over the last decade, mobile communications have been witnessing a noteworthy increase of data traffic demand that is causing an enormous energy consumption in cellular networks. The reduction of their fossil fuel consumption in addition to the huge energy bills paid by mobile operators is considered as the most important challenges for the next-generation cellular networks. Although most of the proposed studies were focusing on individual physical layer power optimizations, there is a growing necessity to meet the green objective of fifth-generation cellular networks while respecting the user's quality of service. This paper investigates four important techniques that could be exploited separately or together in order to enable wireless operators achieve significant economic benefits and environmental savings: 1) the base station sleeping strategy; 2) the optimized energy procurement from the smart grid; 3) the base station energy sharing; and 4) the green networking collaboration between competitive mobile operators. The presented simulation results measure the gain that could be obtained using these techniques compared with that of traditional scenarios. Finally, this paper discusses the issues and challenges related to the implementations of these techniques in real environments.
Gaussian Mixture Filter for Multipath Assisted Positioning

Navigation in global navigation satellite system denied areas such as urban canyons or indoors has aroused large interest due to the recent growth of location aware services. In these scenarios, multipath-assisted positioning schemes are promising due to a rich multipath propagation. Instead of trying to combat multipath, multipath-assisted positioning approaches make use of multipath components arriving at a receiver that is to be located. In more detail, multipath components arriving at the receiver via different paths are regarded as pure line-of-sight signals from virtual transmitters. In general, the number of transmitters might be large, and their location may be unknown. The underlying estimation problem, i.e., estimating the positions of the receiver and the physical and virtual transmitters, tends to be very costly in computational terms. Within this paper, we present a Rao-Blackwellization approach to tackle the computational burden. The receiver location is tracked using a particle filter, while the probability density functions of the transmitter states are represented by Gaussian mixture models, whose parameters are estimated using cubature Kalman filters.
The Association of Cysteine with Obesity, Inflammatory Cytokines and Insulin Resistance in Hispanic Children and Adolescents

Context Plasma total cysteine (tCys) independently relates to fat mass in adults. Dietary cyst(e)ine promotes adiposity and decreases glucose tolerance in some rodent models, but alleviates insulin resistance in others. Objective To investigate whether the association of tCys with body fat extends to children at particular risk of obesity, and whether tCys is associated with insulin resistance and obesity-associated inflammation. Methods We explored the cross-sectional relations of fasting plasma tCys and related metabolites with body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 984 Hispanic children and adolescents aged 4–19 years from the Viva La Familia Study. Linear and logistic regression and dose-response curves were used to evaluate relations of tCys with obesity, insulin resistance and inflammatory markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results tCys, methionine and total homocysteine (tHcy) increased with age. Upper tCys quartile was independently associated with a 5-fold increased risk of obesity (95% CI 3.5–8.0, P<0.001), and 2-fold risk of insulin resistance (95% CI: 1.6-5.0, P<0.001; adjusted for body fat%). Within the overweight/obese subgroup, but not in normal-weight children, tCys accounted for 9% of the variability in body fat% (partial r = 0.30, P<0.001; adjusted for age and gender). tCys correlated positively with serum non-esterified fatty acids and leptin, partly independent of body fat, but was not associated with serum IL-6, TNF-α or MCP-1. A positive correlation with CRP disappeared after adjustment for BMI. Conclusion tCys is independently associated with obesity and insulin resistance in Hispanic children and adolescents, highlighting a previously underappreciated link between the sulfur amino acid metabolic pathway and obesity and cardiometabolic risk.
Service Quality of Casinos in Macau: From the Mainland Chinese Perspective

A majority of earlier studies on customers’ perception of casino service quality and customers’ repeat visitation factors were mainly conducted in Western countries. With significant growth of the casino gaming industry in Asia, particularly in the case of Macau far surpassing the gaming revenue generated by the traditional gaming mecca of Las Vegas, it is important for the industry to understand customers’ perceived service quality of the casinos in Macau and to identify the factors that make them return. In this study, Mainland Chinese visitors were asked to rate their perception of the service quality attributes of the casinos they visited most recently in Macau. Three hundred and ninety-nine usable samples were obtained. The service quality dimensions for casinos derived from this study include tangibles, fairness, responsiveness, professionalism, and variety. Three of these five factors, namely, professionalism, variety, and fairness, significantly contributed to the Mainland Chinese visitors’ intentions to revisit the casinos.
Socio-Economic Mechanisms to Coordinate the Internet of Services - the Simulation Environment SimIS

Visions of 21st century information systems show highly specialized digital services and resources, which interact continuously and with a global reach. Especially with the emergence of technologies, such as the semantic web or software agents, intelligent services within these settings can be implemented, automatically communicating and negotiating over the Internet about digital resources without human intervention. Such environments will eventually realize the vision of an open and global Internet of Services (IoS). In this paper we present an agent-based simulation model and toolkit for the IoS: 'SimIS - Simulating an Internet of Services'. Employing SimIS, distributed management mechanisms and protocols can be investigated in a simulated IoS environment before their actual deployment.
Cladribine plus rituximab is an effective therapy for newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is incurable with standard chemotherapy. There is no consensus on the best initial therapy, especially for elderly patients, who are not candidates for aggressive treatment approaches. Current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) treatment guidelines include rituximab (R) plus cladribine for the initial treatment of MCL. However, few data are available to substantiate this recommendation. Therefore, to further define the role of R-cladribine for the initial treatment of MCL, we performed a retrospective chart review of 31 patients with MCL (median age, 67) treated with R-cladribine. The majority of responding patients also received R maintenance. The overall response rate was 87%, with 61% of patients achieving a complete remission (CR/CRu). The estimated median follow-up was 32.5 months, median PFS was 37.5 months, and median OS was 85.2 months. One of 19 (5.3%) subjects in CR/CRu relapsed (median follow-up of 23 months). CR/CRu was associated with improved survival (p < 0.0001), while a high mantle cell international prognostic index (MIPI) was associated with worse survival (p = 0.05). There was one toxic death (neutropenic pseudomonal sepsis) related to treatment. R-cladribine is an effective therapy for previously untreated MCL, and these results validate the use of R-cladribine for the initial treatment of MCL.
Leucine repeats and an adjacent DNA binding domain mediate the formation of functional cFos-cJun heterodimers.

The discovery that the AP-1 family of enhancer binding factors includes a complex of the cellular Fos (cFos) and cellular Jun (cJun) proteins established a direct and important link between oncogenesis and transcriptional regulation. Homodimeric cJun protein synthesized in vitro is capable of binding selectively to AP-1 recognition sites, whereas the cFos polypeptide is not. When cotranslated, the cFos and cJun proteins can form a stable, heterodimeric complex with the DNA binding properties of AP-1/cJun. The related proteins Jun B and vJun are also able to form DNA binding complexes with cFos. Directed mutagenesis of the cFos protein reveals that a leucine repeat structure is required for binding to cJun, in a manner consistent with the proposed function of the "leucine zipper. " A novel domain adjacent to, but distinct from, the leucine repeat of cFos is required for DNA binding by cFos-cJun heterodimers. Thus experimental evidence is presented that leucine repeats can mediate complex formation between heterologous proteins and that promotes further understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of two proto-oncogene products.
Microtubule-Associated Protein 1B-Light Chain 1 Enhances Activation of Rap1 by Exchange Protein Activated by Cyclic AMP but Not Intracellular Targeting

We have previously demonstrated that EPAC1 interacts with light chain (LC) 2 of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) 1A. In the present study, we investigated whether the structurally related LC1 of MAP1B also interacts with EPAC1. We demonstrate that LC1 copurifies with EPAC1 from extracts of PC-12 cells, using cyclic AMP-agarose. Using recombinant LC1 and LC2 in pull-down and solid phase binding assays, we demonstrate direct interaction with a glutathione S-transferase-fusion of the cyclic AMP-binding (CAMP) domain of EPAC1. We also tested whether LC1 directed intracellular targeting of EPAC1 through its interaction with the CAMP domain. EPAC1 was found be in the soluble and particulate, nuclear/perinuclear fractions of cells. We found that the catalytic (CAT) domain of EPAC1, and not the CAMP domain, was responsible for recruitment to the nuclear/perinuclear fraction of cells. The targeting sequence responsible was located between amino acids 764 and 838 of EPAC1. Overexpresssion of an isolated CAT domain in COS1 cells was found to displace endogenous EPAC1 from the nuclear/perinuclear fraction, thereby inhibiting EPAC-activated Rap1 in this compartment. In contrast, LC1 was not able to compete for the binding of EPAC1 to this fraction. LC1, however, was able to enhance interaction of EPAC1 with cyclic AMP and heightened the ability of EPAC to activate Rap1. Antibody disruption of EPAC1/LC1 interaction in PC-12 cells ablated the ability of cyclic AMP to activate Rap1. LC1 is therefore not involved in intracellular targeting of EPAC1, but it is rather a molecular chaperone of EPAC activity toward Rap1.
Design of Voltage Multipliers for Maximized DC Generation in Inductively Coupled RFID Tags

This paper presents models, circuit solutions and design procedures for maximized DC generation in inductively coupled RFID tags. An analytical model for the DC generation is derived, and relationships between the received signal in the tag coil antenna and the generated DC supply voltage using a voltage multiplier, based on both passive and active diodes, are presented. Derived from the trade-off between voltage gain in the multiplier and the tag coil at resonance, an equation for the optimum number of multiplier stages to achieve maximized DC generation is presented. Based on the derived equation, design examples are included with two typical tag coil antennas given a specification of the DC supply voltage and current. Also included in this paper is the design of a voltage multiplier based on active diodes implemented and manufactured in AMS 0.35 μm CMOS process. The active diodes are based on a concept of threshold cancellation of MOS diodes and make use of reverse leakage control to achieve full threshold cancellation.
CC Chemokine Receptor (CCR)4 and the CCR10 Ligand Cutaneous T Cell–attracting Chemokine (CTACK) in Lymphocyte Trafficking to Inflamed Skin

The chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC; CCL17) is displayed by cutaneous (but not intestinal) venules, and is thought to trigger vascular arrest of circulating skin homing memory T cells, which uniformly express the TARC receptor CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4. Cutaneous T cell–attracting chemokine (CTACK; CCL27), expressed by skin keratinocytes, also attracts cutaneous memory T cells, and is hypothesized to assist in lymphocyte recruitment to skin as well. Here we show that chronic cutaneous inflammation induces CD4 T cells expressing E-selectin binding activity (a marker of skin homing memory cells) in draining lymph node, and that these E-selectin ligand+ T cells migrate efficiently to TARC and to CTACK. In 24 h in vivo homing assays, stimulated lymph node T cells from wild-type mice or, surprisingly, from CCR4-deficient donors migrate efficiently to inflamed skin; and an inhibitory anti-CTACK antibody has no effect on wild-type lymphocyte recruitment. However, inhibition with anti-CTACK monoclonal antibody abrogates skin recruitment of CCR4-deficient T cells. We conclude that CTACK and CCR4 can both support homing of T cells to skin, and that either one or the other is required for lymphocyte recruitment in cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity.