Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glucose-induced regulatory defects in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae byp1 growth initiation mutant and identification of MIG1 as a partial suppressor

Saccharomyces cerevisiae byp1-3 mutants displayed a long lag phase when shifted from a nonfermentable carbon source to a medium containing glucose. The byp1-3 mutation also caused several defects in regulatory phenomena which occur during the transition from the derepressed state to the repressed state. As opposed to wild-type cells, the addition of glucose to cells of the byp1-3 mutant grown on nonfermentable carbon sources did not induce a cyclic AMP signal. Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate formation and inactivation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were severely delayed, but trehalase activation was not affected. In addition, the induction of pyruvate decarboxylase both at the level of activity and that of transcription was very slow compared with that in wild-type cells. These pleotropic defects in glucose-induced regulatory phenomena might be responsible for the very long lag phase of byp1-3 cells and the inability of ascospores to initiate growth after germination on glucose media. Screening of a yeast gene library for clones complementing the byp1-3 phenotype resulted in the isolation of a truncated form of the previously described zinc finger transcription repressor MIG1. The entire MIG1 gene and the truncated form suppressed even on a single-copy vector the growth initiation defect but not the regulatory abnormalities of the byp1-3 mutant. MIG1 is not allelic to byp1-3.
TIMELESS Is an Important Mediator of CK2 Effects on Circadian Clock Function In Vivo

Circadian oscillations in clock components are central to generation of self-sustained 24-h periodicity. In the Drosophila molecular clock, accumulation, phosphorylation, and degradation of PERIOD (PER) and TIMELESS (TIM) proteins govern period length. Yet little is known about the kinases that phosphorylate TIM in vivo. It has been shown previously that the protein kinase CK2 phosphorylates TIM in vitro. Here, we identify a role for CK2 in TIM regulation in vivo. Induction of a dominant-negative CK2α, CK2αTik (Tik), increases TIM protein and tim transcript levels, reduces oscillation amplitude, and results in persistent cytoplasmic TIM localization. Exposure to light and subsequent TIM degradation results in an increase in the fraction of the transcriptional repressor PER that is nuclear and suppression of per and tim RNA levels. TIM protein, but not tim transcript, levels are elevated in Tik mutants in a per01 background. In contrast, Tik effects on PER are undetectable in a tim01 background, suggesting that TIM is required for CK2 effects on PER. To identify potential CK2 target sites, we assayed TIM phosphorylation rhythms in a deletion mutant that removes a conserved serine-rich domain and found that TIM protein does not show robust rhythmic changes in mobility by Western blotting, a hallmark of rhythmic phosphorylation. The period lengthening effects in Tik heterozygotes are reduced in a timUL mutant that disrupts a putative CK2 phosphorylation site. Together, these data indicate that TIM is an important mediator of CK2 effects on circadian rhythms.
Clinical course of children and adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders.

CONTEXT Despite the high morbidity associated with bipolar disorder (BP), few studies have prospectively studied the course of this illness in youth. OBJECTIVE To assess the longitudinal course of BP spectrum disorders (BP-I, BP-II, and not otherwise specified [BP-NOS]) in children and adolescents. DESIGN Subjects were interviewed, on average, every 9 months for an average of 2 years using the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation. SETTING Outpatient and inpatient units at 3 university centers. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred sixty-three children and adolescents (mean age, 13 years) with BP-I (n = 152), BP-II (n = 19), and BP-NOS (n = 92). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rates of recovery and recurrence, weeks with syndromal or subsyndromal mood symptoms, changes in symptoms and polarity, and predictors of outcome. RESULTS Approximately 70% of subjects with BP recovered from their index episode, and 50% had at least 1 syndromal recurrence, particularly depressive episodes. Analyses of weekly mood symptoms showed that 60% of the follow-up time, subjects had syndromal or subsyndromal symptoms with numerous changes in symptoms and shifts of polarity, and 3% of the time, psychosis. Twenty percent of BP-II subjects converted to BP-I, and 25% of BP-NOS subjects converted to BP-I or BP-II. Early-onset BP, BP-NOS, long duration of mood symptoms, low socioeconomic status, and psychosis were associated with poorer outcomes and rapid mood changes. Secondary analyses comparing BP-I youths with BP-I adults showed that youths significantly more time symptomatic and had more mixed/cycling episodes, mood symptom changes, and polarity switches. CONCLUSIONS Youths with BP spectrum disorders showed a continuum of BP symptom severity from subsyndromal to full syndromal with frequent mood fluctuations. Results of this study provide preliminary validation for BP-NOS.
Architecture for Fault Tolerance in Mobile Cloud Computing using Disease Resistance Approach

The mobile cloud computing (MCC) is one of the emerging fields in the distributed computing. MCC is an integration of both mobile computing and cloud computing. The limitations of the mobile devices are storage, battery and processing proficiency.These sensitive characteristics of mobile devices can be effectively handled with the introduction of cloud computing. The increasing functionality of the cloud and complexity of the applications causes resource failures in the cloud computing and it reduces the overall performance of the MCC environment. On the other hand, the existing approaches for resource scheduling in MCC proposed several architectures and they are only concentrated on the allocation of resources. The existing architectures are lack of fault tolerance mechanism to handle the faulty resources. To overcome the issues stated above, this paper proposes architecture for fault tolerance in MCC using Disease Resistance approach (DRFT). The main aim of the DRFT approach is to effectively handle the faultyVMs in the MCC. This DRFT approach utilizes the human disease resistance mechanism which is used as materials and methods in the proposed model. The DRFT is capable of identifying the faulty virtual machines and reschedules the tasks to the identified suitable virtual machines. This procedure ultimately leads to minimization of makespan value and it improves the overall performance of the scheduling process. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a series of simulations has been carried out using CloudSim simulator. The performance of the proposed DRFT approach is compared with the Dynamic group based fault tolerance approach (DGFT-approach). The makespan value of DRFT is reduced to 7% and the performance of DRFT is increased when compare to the DGFT approach. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A genetic and epidemiologic study of cardiovascular disease in Alaska natives (GOCADAN): design and methods

Abstract This article is a report of the design and methods of the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives (GOCADAN) Study. This longitudinal, population-based study was initiated to investigate the genetic determinants of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Between October 2000 and April 2004, this family study enrolled 1,214 Eskimos from several coastal villages in the Norton Sound region of Western Alaska. Examinations included a physical, laboratory determinations, and measures of subclinical disease. This study will generate a genome-wide scan for loci influencing cardiovascular disease-related traits. Relations between subclinical atherosclerosis and markers of inflammation will be examined using historic and newly drawn samples. The study will provide data on CVD prevalence, risk factors and the relative contribution of genetic and environmental determinants in Alaska Native peoples. Data from this study will contribute to the delivery of health-care and prevention of CVD in Alaska Eskimos and other populations. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2005; 64(3):206–221)
A model for the data extrapolation of greenhouse gas emissions in the Brazilian hydroelectric system

Hydropower reservoirs are artificial water systems and comprise a small proportion of the Earth’s continental territory. However, they play an important role in the aquatic biogeochemistry and may affect the environment negatively. Since the 90s, as a result of research on organic matter decay in manmade flooded areas, some reports have associated greenhouse gas emissions with dam construction. Pioneering work carried out in the early period challenged the view that hydroelectric plants generate completely clean energy. Those estimates suggested that GHG emissions into the atmosphere from some hydroelectric dams may be significant when measured per unit of energy generated and should be compared to GHG emissions from fossil fuels used for power generation. The contribution to global warming of greenhouse gases emitted by hydropower reservoirs is currently the subject of various international discussions and debates. One of the most controversial issues is the extrapolation of data from different sites. In this study, the extrapolation from a site sample where measurements were made to the complete set of 251 reservoirs in Brazil, comprising a total flooded area of 32 485 square kilometers, was derived from the theory of self-organized criticality. We employed a power law for its statistical representation. The present article reviews the data generated at that time in order to demonstrate how, with the help of mathematical tools, we can extrapolate values from one reservoir to another without compromising the reliability of the results.
BIRB796 Inhibits All p38 MAPK Isoforms in Vitro and in Vivo*

The compound BIRB796 inhibits the stress-activated protein kinases p38α and p38β and is undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Here we report that BIRB796 also inhibits the activity and the activation of SAPK3/p38γ. This occurs at higher concentrations of BIRB796 than those that inhibit p38α and p38β and at lower concentrations than those that inhibit the activation of JNK isoforms. We also show that at these concentrations, BIRB796 blocks the stress-induced phosphorylation of the scaffold protein SAP97, further establishing that this is a physiological substrate of SAPK3/p38γ. Our results demonstrate that BIRB796, in combination with SB203580, a compound that inhibits p38α and p38β, but not the other p38 isoforms, can be used to identify physiological substrates of SAPK3/p38γ as well as those of p38α and p38β.
Social and Environmental Reporting: How informative is the disclosure of Community Involvement Cost – Qualitative or Quantitative

Evidences exist that investors see social and environmental information as very important in making investment decisions and hence demand adequate disclosure of such information. This research seeks to explore the information content of ‘rarely’ researched environmental information community involvement. Similar decision-usefulness studies of this nature have investigated human resource and pollution costs but none has investigated community involvement. The community has been identified as an important member of the stakeholder system, it is therefore expected that information on community involvement in annual report should have a significant relevance to investment decision. This research therefore seeks to test the stakeholder theory as it relates to the community and also explore the linguistic relativity of accounting information as theorized by Jain (1973) and Belkaoui (1978). Furthermore following the suggestion of Dierkes and Antal (1985) that the usefulness of social information can better be measured by investigating its impact on decision making, this research will focus on the decision-usefulness of community involvement cost and will investigate the mechanism for presenting this information in the most useful way to stakeholders. To this end the research will explore specifically the effect of disclosure format of community involvement cost on investment decision. Following a deductive approach, the research will be conducted using quantitative methodology, while the research strategy will be experimental. The experiments will be based on an objective and systematic attitude survey of investors and other users of financial report. The instrument to be used for the survey will be modelled after Hendricks (1976) and Belkaoui 1980.
National approaches to promote sports and physical activity in adults with disabilities: examples from the Netherlands and Canada

Abstract Purpose: This study described how the Dutch and Canadian governments promote high performance sports, recreational sports, and physical activity (PA) among adults with disabilities on a national level. Methods: An internet-based study was conducted to identify and select relevant documents and websites containing information about the national approach to promote disability sports and physical activities in the Netherlands and Canada. Results: Both governments promote high performance sports in similar ways, but use different strategies to promote recreational sports and physical activities. The Dutch approach is characterized by using time-limited programs focusing on enhancement of sports infrastructure and inter-sector collaboration in which municipalities have key roles. The Canadian government promotes recreational sports in disabled populations by supporting programs via bilateral agreements with provinces and territories. Furthermore, the level of integration of disability sports into mainstream sports differs between countries. Conclusions: The findings of this study may inspire policy makers from different countries to learn from one another’s policies in order to optimize national approaches to promote disability sports and PA on all levels. Implications for rehabilitation It is recommended for policy makers of national governments to develop and implement policy programs that promote sports and physical activities among people with disabilities because of its potential impact on functioning, participation, quality of life, and health. Insight into national approaches to promote sport and physical activities is relevant for rehabilitation practice to understand ongoing opportunities for people with disabilities to stay physically active after rehabilitation through participation in home and/or community-based sport and physical activities. It seems worthwhile to integrate activities to promote sport and physical activities in rehabilitation in such a way that it fits with the current governmental approach. It is recommended to set up international collaborations to develop and share knowledge about effective and sustainable national approaches to promote sports and physical activities among people with disabilities.
Enterprise Level Security with Homomorphic Encryption

Enterprise Level Security (ELS) is an approach to enterprise information exchange that provides strong security guarantees. It incorporates measures for authentication, encryption, access controls, credential management, monitoring, and logging. ELS has been adapted for cloud hosting using the Virtual Application Data Center (VADC) approach. However, a key vulnerability in placing unprotected data in the cloud is the database that stores each web application’s data. ELS puts controls on the end-to-end connection from requester to application, but an exploit of the back-end database can allow direct access to data and bypass ELS controls at the application. In a public cloud environment the data and web application may be vulnerable to insider attacks using direct hardware access, misconfiguration, and redirection to extract data. Traditional encryption can be used to protect data in the cloud, but it must be transferred out of the cloud and decrypted to perform processing, and then re-encrypted and sent back to the cloud. Homomorphic encryption offers a way to not only store encrypted data, but also perform processing directly on the encrypted values. This paper examines the current state of homomorphic encryption and its applicability to ELS.
A two-level fuzzy based DTC using PLLC to improve the induction motor performance

This paper presents proportional integral direct torque control (PIDTC) and fuzzy direct torque control (FDTC) of induction motor (IM) using bus clamped space vector modulation (BCSVM), in which BCSVM always clamps any phase of the inverter for given switching period. Conventionally, the total cost of control scheme significantly increases in real time applications as it needs to sense three voltages, three currents, and speed of the IM. The proposed control scheme (PIDTC/FDTC) uses only single voltage and single current sensors are enough to estimate all voltages, currents, and speed of the IM using the phase locked loop control (PLLC) and the transport delay. The PLLC estimates frequency and amplitude of respective voltage/current waveform of the IM. The other two voltages/currents are estimated by providing proper delay using transport delay. In addition, the IM speed is estimated from the frequency command of PLLC. The PIDTC provides considerable distortion in current, flux, torque, and speed due to poor performance of PI-controllers. In order to improve the dynamic performance of IM drive the FDTC is used. In FDTC, the fuzzy controller estimates the control variable very close to practical values using Mamdani and Centroid methods. Also, the switching duty ratios of the inverter are independent of the switching period with FDTC.
Two-photon detachment of the negative chlorine ion.

Theoretical calculations of the two-photon detachment cross section of the negative chlorine ion are presented in the energy region from threshold to the single-photon ionization threshold using a transition-matrix method. Detailed analyses are presented of the effects of various kinds of electron correlations, whose net effect is a reduction of the uncorrelated Hartree-Fock model cross sections by up to 30%. Our cross sections have a much flatter variation with energy and a much lower magnitude (by up to a factor of 2 or 3) than the frozen-core free-electron results of M. Crance (J. Phys. B 20, 6553 (1987)) or the central-potential model calculations of E. J. Robinson and S. Geltman (Phys. Rev. 153, 4 (1967)).
A Rejuvenation Strategy of Two-Granularity Software Based on Adaptive Control

In the process of continuous operation in a software system, a series of phenomena could lead to performance degradation of the system, namely software aging. The loss caused by software aging can be reduced through proper rejuvenation strategies, the key to which is to determine the rejuvenation thresholds. Essence of some traditional methods is to set predetermined thresholds based on empirical data. However, in some systems where the memory is shared between operating system and application software (two-granularity software system), as the memory consumption is closely related to system performance and changes constantly, using empirical thresholds may cause system outage or waste of resources. In this paper, an adaptive strategy is adopted to optimize the thresholds. Instead of fixed thresholds, the method regularly regulates the thresholds by taking feedback information in the running process into account. Especially, critical equations are constructed to calculate the thresholds by maximizing the system availability. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves higher availability and more stable performance than that based on empirical thresholds.
Effect of exosomes derived from multipluripotent mesenchymal stromal cells on functional recovery and neurovascular plasticity in rats after traumatic brain injury.

OBJECT Transplanted multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improve functional recovery in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study the authors tested a novel hypothesis that systemic administration of cell-free exosomes generated from MSCs promotes functional recovery and neurovascular remodeling in rats after TBI. METHODS Two groups of 8 Wistar rats were subjected to TBI, followed 24 hours later by tail vein injection of 100 μg protein of exosomes derived from MSCs or an equal volume of vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline). A third group of 8 rats was used as sham-injured, sham-treated controls. To evaluate cognitive and sensorimotor functional recovery, the modified Morris water maze, modified Neurological Severity Score, and foot-fault tests were performed. Animals were killed at 35 days after TBI. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed for measurements of lesion volume, neurovascular remodeling (angiogenesis and neurogenesis), and neuroinflammation. RESULTS Compared with the saline-treated group, exosome-treated rats with TBI showed significant improvement in spatial learning at 34-35 days as measured by the modified Morris water maze test (p < 0.05), and sensorimotor functional recovery (i.e., reduced neurological deficits and foot-fault frequency) was observed at 14-35 days postinjury (p < 0.05). Exosome treatment significantly increased the number of newly generated endothelial cells in the lesion boundary zone and dentate gyrus and significantly increased the number of newly formed immature and mature neurons in the dentate gyrus as well as reducing neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS The authors demonstrate for the first time that MSC-generated exosomes effectively improve functional recovery, at least in part, by promoting endogenous angiogenesis and neurogenesis and by reducing inflammation in rats after TBI. Thus, MSC-generated exosomes may provide a novel cell-free therapy for TBI and possibly for other neurological diseases.
The Transcription Factor CCAAT-binding Factor CBF/NF-Y Regulates the Proximal Promoter Activity in the Human α1(XI) Collagen Gene (COL11A1)*

We have characterized the proximal promoter region of the human COL11A1 gene. Transient transfection assays indicate that the segment from –199 to +1 is necessary for the activation of basal transcription. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) demonstrated that the ATTGG sequence, within the –147 to –121 fragment, is critical to bind nuclear proteins in the proximal COL11A1 promoter. We demonstrated that the CCAAT binding factor (CBF/NF-Y) bound to this region using an interference assay with consensus oligonucleotides and a supershift assay with specific antibodies in an EMSA. In a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and EMSA using DNA-affinity-purified proteins, CBF/NF-Y proteins directly bound this region in vitro and in vivo. We also showed that four tandem copies of the CBF/NF-Y-binding fragment produced higher transcriptional activity than one or two copies, whereas the absence of a CBF/NF-Y-binding fragment suppressed the COL11A1 promoter activity. Furthermore, overexpression of a dominant-negative CBF-B/NF-YA subunit significantly inhibited promoter activity in both transient and stable cells. These results indicate that the CBF/NF-Y proteins regulate the transcription of COL11A1 by directly binding to the ATTGG sequence in the proximal promoter region.