Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delayed Lactose Fermentation by Enterobacteriaceae

Goodman, R. E. (University of California, Los Angeles), and M. J. Pickett. Delayed lactose fermentation by Enterobacteriaceae. J. Bacteriol. 92:318–327. 1966. —When 171 Citrobacter freundii strains and 14 Paracolobactrum arizonae strains examined, 51 of the C. freundii strains and 13 of the P. arizonae strains were found to be delayed or negative lactose fermenters. Of the slow fermenters, 65% yielded rapidly fermenting mutants in cultures undergoing delayed fermentation. Lactose fermentation could generally be hastened by increasing lactose concentrations. Many organisms which fermented lactose slowly grew readily on a medium containing lactose as the sole carbon source. Regardless of their ability to ferment lactose, all strains of C. freundii and P. arizonae investigated could be shown to possess β-galactosidase. Delayed fermenters failed to take up lactose from the culture medium, whereas prompt fermenters did so readily. The β-galactosidases of 12 strains of enteric bacteria were studied in crude cell extracts with respect to specific activity, stability, and activity at varying substrate (o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside) concentrations, at varying pH, and in the presence of sodium, potassium, and magnesium. The widely varying specific activities and the approximate similarity of the Michaelis constants (about 2 × 10−4m) suggested that the strains investigated produced differing amounts of β-galactosidase. Moreover, qualitative differences in the enzymes provided evidence that these strains synthesized different molecular forms of β-galactosidase. The results suggested that organisms which ferment lactose only after a prolonged delay do so because they possess multiple defects in their lactose-metabolizing machinery.
Cigarette Smoking, Asbestos Exposure, and Malignant Mesothelioma1

In a hospital-based case-control study of 124 (105 male and 19 female) histologically confirmed malignant mesothelioma cases and age- and sex-matched controls, the role of cigarette smoking and the risk of asbestos exposure was investigated. Exposure to asbestos for at least 1 year was likely for 78% of male cases and 16% of female cases, and 90% of males were possibly exposed. Male cases worked predominately in the ship building industry, construction, or insulation trades. Elevated risks were found for males employed in asbestos-related industries [odds ratio (OR) 8.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9-13.5], e.g., shipyards (OR 82.9, 95% CI 25.5-269.1), construction/maintenance (OR 8.3, 95% CI 4.6-14.8), and other asbestos-related jobs (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4-7.2), and for males who self-reported exposure to asbestos or insulation (OR 50.9, 95% CI 21.7-119.8). A statistically significant trend was found for the risk of mesothelioma with increasing years employed in non-shipyard asbestos-related occupations. Among women, only one case worked in an asbestos-related industry and two reported domestic contact with asbes tos. No association between cigarette smoking and mesothelioma was found for either men or women. We also report the occurrence of mesothelioma in occupations which have not been previously reported.
Role of Xklp3, a Subunit of the Xenopus Kinesin II Heterotrimeric Complex, in Membrane Transport between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Golgi Apparatus

The function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify proteins and lipids synthesized in the ER and sort them to their final destination. The steady-state size and function of the Golgi apparatus is maintained through the recycling of some components back to the ER. Several lines of evidence indicate that the spatial segregation between the ER and the Golgi apparatus as well as trafficking between these two compartments require both microtubules and motors. We have cloned and characterized a new Xenopus kinesin like protein, Xklp3, a subunit of the heterotrimeric Kinesin II. By immunofluorescence it is found in the Golgi region. A more detailed analysis by EM shows that it is associated with a subset of membranes that contain the KDEL receptor and are localized between the ER and Golgi apparatus. An association of Xklp3 with the recycling compartment is further supported by a biochemical analysis and the behavior of Xklp3 in BFA-treated cells. The function of Xklp3 was analyzed by transfecting cells with a dominant-negative form lacking the motor domain. In these cells, the normal delivery of newly synthesized proteins to the Golgi apparatus is blocked. Taken together, these results indicate that Xklp3 is involved in the transport of tubular-vesicular elements between the ER and the Golgi apparatus.
Drosophila melanogaster Hox Transcription Factors Access the RNA Polymerase II Machinery through Direct Homeodomain Binding to a Conserved Motif of Mediator Subunit Med19

Hox genes in species across the metazoa encode transcription factors (TFs) containing highly-conserved homeodomains that bind target DNA sequences to regulate batteries of developmental target genes. DNA-bound Hox proteins, together with other TF partners, induce an appropriate transcriptional response by RNA Polymerase II (PolII) and its associated general transcription factors. How the evolutionarily conserved Hox TFs interface with this general machinery to generate finely regulated transcriptional responses remains obscure. One major component of the PolII machinery, the Mediator (MED) transcription complex, is composed of roughly 30 protein subunits organized in modules that bridge the PolII enzyme to DNA-bound TFs. Here, we investigate the physical and functional interplay between Drosophila melanogaster Hox developmental TFs and MED complex proteins. We find that the Med19 subunit directly binds Hox homeodomains, in vitro and in vivo. Loss-of-function Med19 mutations act as dose-sensitive genetic modifiers that synergistically modulate Hox-directed developmental outcomes. Using clonal analysis, we identify a role for Med19 in Hox-dependent target gene activation. We identify a conserved, animal-specific motif that is required for Med19 homeodomain binding, and for activation of a specific Ultrabithorax target. These results provide the first direct molecular link between Hox homeodomain proteins and the general PolII machinery. They support a role for Med19 as a PolII holoenzyme-embedded “co-factor” that acts together with Hox proteins through their homeodomains in regulated developmental transcription.
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES IN PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PRODUCTION WITH DIGITAL FRAME CAMERA IMAGERY

Since the first introduction of large format digital frame cameras at the ISPRS2000 conference, these systems have matured and are now widely used in production, by and by replacing film cameras. The advantages of these digital cameras range from an additional near infrared channel, higher bit depth, absence of grain in the image, higher forward overlap without additional cost, to a completely digital workflow. At the same time large format digital frame cameras have been advertised as having the same, wellknown geometric characteristics as their predecessors, making their data familiar and easy to work with in an existing production environment. While this of course is true, both data producer and end user or customers are learning the implications for the final product or delivery as well as for the planning, acquisition and production stages. The paper looks at these aspects during planning, acquisition, and production within the context of generating final products such as orthoimagery and also digital elevation model data. The analysis is developed from the perspective of a private sector production company, and is based on two years of experience in a production environment with tens of thousands of images taken with the UltraCamD and UltraCamX complemented by almost 60 years of experience with film imagery. Project sizes range from 300 to over 10,000 images. These developments are resulting in an evolution of the workflow, leading to tighter system integration and increased efficiencies.
Genome-Wide Annotation of Remorins, a Plant-Specific Protein Family: Evolutionary and Functional Perspectives1[W]

Remorins were discovered in a screen for plasma membrane (PM) proteins differentially phosphorylated in the presence of oligogalacturonides ([Farmer et al., 1989][1]). The first remorin was initially designated as pp34, as it corresponded to a phosphorylated protein with a molecular mass of 34 kD in
β-Catenin/Tcf Determines the Outcome of Thymic Selection in Response to αβTCR Signaling1

Thymic maturation of T cells depends on the intracellular interpretation of αβTCR signals by processes that are poorly understood. In this study, we report that β-catenin/Tcf signaling was activated in double-positive thymocytes in response to αβTCR engagement and impacted thymocyte selection. TCR engagement combined with activation of β-catenin signaled thymocyte deletion, whereas Tcf-1 deficiency rescued from negative selection. Survival/apoptotis mediators including Bim, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL were alternatively influenced by stabilization of β-catenin or ablation of Tcf-1, and Bim-mediated β-catenin induced thymocyte deletion. TCR activation in double-positive cells with stabilized β-catenin triggered signaling associated with negative selection, including sustained overactivation of Lat and Jnk and a transient activation of Erk. These observations are consistent with β-catenin/Tcf signaling acting as a switch that determines the outcome of thymic selection downstream the αβTCR cascade.
MKPM: A multiclass extension to the kernel projection machine

We introduce Multiclass Kernel Projection Machines (MKPM), a new formalism that extends the Kernel Projection Machine framework to the multiclass case. Our formulation is based on the use of output codes and it implements a co-regularization scheme by simultaneously constraining the projection dimensions associated with the individual predictors that constitute the global classifier. In order to solve the optimization problem posed by our formulation, we propose an efficient dynamic programming approach. Numerical simulations conducted on a few pattern recognition problems illustrate the soundness of our approach.
Effect of Training Supervision on Effectiveness of Strength Training for Reducing Neck/Shoulder Pain and Headache in Office Workers: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective. To investigate the effect of workplace neck/shoulder strength training with and without regular supervision on neck/shoulder pain and headache among office workers. Method. A 20-week cluster randomized controlled trial among 351 office workers was randomized into three groups: two training groups with the same total amount of planned exercises three times per week (1) with supervision (3WS) throughout the intervention period, (2) with minimal supervision (3MS) only initially, and (3) a reference group (REF). Main outcome is self-reported pain intensity in neck and shoulder (scale 0–9) and headache (scale 0–10). Results. Intention-to-treat analyses showed a significant decrease in neck pain intensity the last 7 days in 3MS compared with REF: −0.5 ± 0.2 (P < 0.02) and a tendency for 3WS versus REF: −0.4 ± 0.2 (P < 0.07). Intensity of headache the last month decreased in both training groups: 3WS versus REF: −1.1 ± 0.2 (P < 0.001) and 3MS versus REF: −1.1 ± 0.2 (P < 0.001). Additionally, days of headache decreased 1.0 ± 0.5 in 3WS and 1.3 ± 0.5 in 3MS versus REF. There were no differences between the two training groups for any of the variables. Conclusion. Neck/shoulder training at the workplace reduced neck pain and headache among office workers independently of the extent of supervision. This finding has important practical implications for future workplace interventions.
Fast Disintegrating Combination Tablet of Taste Masked Levocetrizine Dihydrochloride and Montelukast Sodium: Formulation Design, Development, and Characterization

The aim of this study was to prepare fast disintegrating combination tablet of taste masked Levocetrizine dihydrochloride and Montelukast sodium by using direct compression method. To prevent bitter taste and unacceptable odour of the Levocetrizine dihydrochloride drug, the drug was taste masked with ion exchange resins like Kyron-T-104 and Tulsion-412. Among the two resins, Kyron-T-104 was selected for further studies because of high drug loading capacity, low cost, and better drug release profile. An ion exchange resin complex was prepared by the batch technique and various parameters; namely, resin activation, drug: resin ratio, pH, temperature, and stirring time, and swelling time were optimized to successfully formulate the tasteless drug resin complex (DRC). The tablets were prepared using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 102 as diluent along with crospovidone (CP), croscarmellose sodium (CCM), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) as a superdisintegrants. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time (DT), and dissolution study and it was concluded that the tablet formulation prepared with 2% SSG + CCS showed better disintegration time in comparison with other formulation and good drug release. The stability studies were carried out for the optimized batch for three months and it showed acceptable results.
A Structure for Opinion in Social Domains

Opinion mining, as a sub-field of text mining, analyzes opinions expressed regarding an object, a topic, or an issue. An opinion is expressed by a person using some opinion terms or phrases regarding a target. Statistical studies show that the affective factors on opinions in product domains are different from those in social domains. Opinion verbs and ``I" have the most affective influences on opinions in social domains. This paper introduces a structure for opinions in social domains considering verb as its core. An outline for opinion extraction from text is also proposed. The defined structure is evaluated in the applications of sentence subjectivity classification and sentiment polarity classification at the sentence and document levels. Our experiments show that the performance of the proposed structure is slightly higher than the traditional machine learning techniques and some previous works.
Development of next-generation nuclear physics integrated readout electronics for GRETINA

Advances in nuclear structure studies using gamma-ray spectroscopy are being driven by large-volume, electrically-segmented germanium detectors such as the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) and, in the future, GRETA. GRETINA employs 28 close-packed high-purity germanium detectors with 36 segments each assembled on a support structure covering 1-π of the target position. GRETA will use the same type of detectors as GRETINA and it will cover the full 4-π. To fully realize the potential of these detectors in terms of energy and position resolution, event rate and usability, a next-generation integrated readout electronics system is required with an emphasis on channel density, data throughput, low noise, low power and testability. Addressing these areas of research will have a positive impact in these large spectrometer arrays. The present research includes (a) the design and characterization of charge sensitive amplifier application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for smaller dimension, lower noise and power dissipation, (b) design of a detector-mounted, low-power small form factor signal digitization to address issues in the analog-to-digital (ADC) linearity and to reduce the cable plant, including the design and characterization of a high speed ADC ASIC and (c) strategies to filter the microphonic noise using adaptive filtering. In this paper we will report the status of this research. Also, observe that although the target of this research is GRETINA, these approaches could be used in other Nuclear Science experiments.
Incorporating Flexible Demand Systems in Empirical Models of Market Power

Measuring the degree of price coordination between firms in a differentiated products industry is particularly challenging because it is necessary to utilize a demand system that is sufficiently flexible, allows the imposition of theoretical restrictions, and allow for the derivation of the functional form of the corresponding price reaction functions. Previous research has relied on restrictive demand systems in order to maintain the tractability of the price reaction functions. The purpose of this paper is determine whether using more flexible demand systems can yield a set of first-order profit maximization conditions that are mathematically tractable and amendable to estimation. The demand systems considered are the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LAIDS), and the Rotterdam demand system. This paper also expands prior work on estimating brand level demand elasticities by endogenizing category level expenditures in the context of a weakly separable demand system. This yields some new and interesting insights for the measurement of market power in differentiated product industries. We show that while it is not possible to derive explicit price reaction functions for any of these demand systems, given certain assumptions, the Rotterdam demand system does yield an explicit set of profit maximization first-order conditions that can be estimated.
SAC-OCL: A Tool for A Semi Automatic Co-evolution of OCL Constraints

Object-Oriented Models(OOM)are widely used in Model-Driven Engineering(MDE). As a complement, OCL constraints are used to specify business rules and detailed aspects of the business domain. Automatically co-evolving OCL constraints w.r. t. the evolved OOM is challenging since alternative resolutions can be applied but also a resolution cannot be applied to any arbitrary constraint. In this paper, we present SAC-OCL an Eclipse-based tool to semi automatically co-evolve OCL constraints when an OOM evolves. In contrast to existing tools, SAC-OCL proposes alternative resolutions for an impacted OCL constraint and proposes only the appropriate resolutions that can be applied on the impacted constraint. Our evaluation on six case studies shows an average correct co-evolution rate of 92%
Demyelination and axonal preservation in a transgenic mouse model of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease

It is widely thought that demyelination contributes to the degeneration of axons and, in combination with acute inflammatory injury, is responsible for progressive axonal loss and persistent clinical disability in inflammatory demyelinating disease. In this study we sought to characterize the relationship between demyelination, inflammation and axonal transport changes using a Plp1‐transgenic mouse model of Pelizaeus‐Merzbacher disease. In the optic pathway of this non‐immune mediated model of demyelination, myelin loss progresses from the optic nerve head towards the brain, over a period of months. Axonal transport is functionally perturbed at sites associated with local inflammation and ‘damaged’ myelin. Surprisingly, where demyelination is complete, naked axons appear well preserved despite a significant reduction of axonal transport. Our results suggest that neuroinflammation and/or oligodendrocyte dysfunction are more deleterious for axonal health than demyelination per se, at least in the short term.
Coaxial interactive viewer: a multi-dimensional data visualization with spatial distortional views

We present a navigatable multi-dimensional visualization of data named coaxial interactive visualization which is based on the coaxial axes. In this visualization, the dimensions of data in n-dimensional space are mapped to n concentric circular axes drawn in a planar space with polar coordinates. A data item in n-dimensional space is represented as a poly-curve with n vertices across all circular axes. Via the spatial distortion in polar system, the view of multi-dimensional data is interactively adjusted to satisfy viewer's interest. The viewer, thus, can effectively navigate the underlying visual pattern to reach the great detail for uncovering trends and patterns in the visualization. One novelties of this work is performing focus+context viewing in polar coordinate system.
On the Impact of Trust Relationships on Social Network Group Formation

Members of virtual communities generally expect that their groups satisfy some given requirements. For this aim, the profile matching between user requirements and group characteristics can be considered as the most natural way to represent the group homogeneity, measuring how much the group members are mutually linked. However, optimizing profile matching does not guarantee that the group will continue to be homogeneous in time (i.e., cohesive). In the past we have already shown that, when group formation is driven by trust measures and profile matching group homogeneity is improved. In this work, we prove by experiments on a dataset extracted from a real social network, that trust measures can be used to effectively replace profile matching for optimizing group’s cohesion. Furthermore, we prove also that using a local trust measure will does not penalize the cohesion of the group.
Adapting Sequence Models for Sentence Correction

In a controlled experiment of sequence-to-sequence approaches for the task of sentence correction, we find that character-based models are generally more effective than word-based models and models that encode subword information via convolutions, and that modeling the output data as a series of diffs improves effectiveness over standard approaches. Our strongest sequence-to-sequence model improves over our strongest phrase-based statistical machine translation model, with access to the same data, by 6 M2 (0.5 GLEU) points. Additionally, in the data environment of the standard CoNLL-2014 setup, we demonstrate that modeling (and tuning against) diffs yields similar or better M2 scores with simpler models and/or significantly less data than previous sequence-to-sequence approaches.
Sensitive SERS nanotags for use with a hand-held 1064 nm Raman spectrometer

This is the first report of the use of a hand-held 1064 nm Raman spectrometer combined with red-shifted surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags to provide an unprecedented performance in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region. A library consisting of 17 chalcogenopyrylium nanotags produce extraordinary SERS responses with femtomolar detection limits being obtained using the portable instrument. This is well beyond previous SERS detection limits at this far red-shifted wavelength and opens up new options for SERS sensors in the SWIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum (between 950 and 1700 nm).
Classification of Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Monitors

Buffer overflow is one of the worst program vulnerabilities. Many preventive approaches are applied to mitigate buffer overflow (BOF) vulnerabilities. However, BOF vulnerabilities are still being discovered in programs on a daily basis which might be exploited to crash programs and execute unwanted code at runtime. Monitoring is a popular approach for detecting BOF attacks during program execution and can prevent the consequences of BOF vulnerability exploitations. However, there is no classification of the proposed approaches to understand their common characteristics, objectives, and limitations. In this paper, we classify the current BOF vulnerability monitoring approaches based on the following five characteristics: monitoring objective, program state utilization, implementation mechanism, environmental change, and attack response. The classification will enable researchers to differentiate among existing monitoring approaches. Moreover, it will provide a guideline to choose monitoring approaches suitable for their needs.