Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Man-Assisted Machine Construction of a Semantic Dictionary for Natural Language Processing

This is a report on the semantic dictionary for natural language processing we are constructing now. This paper explains how to obtain the semantic information for the dictionary from an ordinary Japanese language dictionary with about 60,000 items (which had already been put into machine readable form) and also explains what should be the frame for the representation of meaning of each item (word). Then a man-assisted machine procedure that embeds the semantic graph with respect to the head word of the ordinary dictionary into the frame of a head word is discussed.
Effect of Surface Tension from MD Simulations on Size-Dependent Deliquescence of NaCl Nanoparticles

The deliquescence of sodium chloride is size dependent for particles smaller than 100 nm, with some discrepancies between measured and predicted deliquescence relative humidity as a function of size. Two sources of uncertainty in current models are the solid–liquid/solid–vapor surface tensions and the curvature dependence of surface tension. Molecular Dynamics simulations are used to calculate surface tensions and their corresponding upper bounds, which compare well with measured values of liquid–vapor (LV) interfaces and significantly reduce uncertainty compared to experimental estimates of solid–liquid (SL) and solid–vapor (SV) interfaces. Surface tensions calculated for nanoparticles in the 2–10 nm size range are related to the corresponding flat interface values using the first-order Tolman length ( δ ). At 1 atm and 300 K, the Tolman length determined from the test-area method is of the order of 0.1 nm with a precision between 5% and 10%. The δ LV (water–air) is 0.15 nm, δ LV (soln–air) is 0.10 nm, δ SL (NaCl–soln:) is 0.13 nm, and δ SV (NaCl–air) is 0.14 nm, with positive values corresponding to a decrease in surface tension for smaller particles. The size-dependent deliquescence relative humidity is calculated using a thermodynamic model of water uptake with these new surface tension estimates and with Tolman length corrections. The reduced uncertainties in surface tension significantly improve agreement with measured deliquescence relative humidity of sodium chloride nanoparticles with 5–150 nm diameters. The size-dependent corrections to surface tension produce a minor improvement in the comparison of predicted and measured deliquescence relative humidity of particles smaller than 3 nm.
Conic Bounds for Systems Subject to Delays

Linear matrix inequality conditions implying conic bounds are developed for stable linear time-invariant systems with input, output, and/or state delays. Combined with the Conic Sector Theorem, this enables the design of output-feedback controllers ensuring closed-loop input-output stability that is robust to certain maximum delays. These contributions are used in a numerical example to design a nearly-optimal controller with guaranteed input-output-stability for a range of delays and improved performance relative to an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal{H}_{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-optimal controller designed for the nominally undelayed system.
Integral quantum Hall effect in superlattices.

It is shown that an integral quantization of the Hall conductivity ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{yx}}$ occurs in superlattices when a magnetic field is applied in their direction, $z$, provided that (i) only the lowest miniband is occupied and its width is smaller than the energy separation between neighboring Landau levels, and (ii) the Fermi level lies in the resulting energy gaps. For very wide barriers there is no dispersion in the $z$ direction and at zero temperature ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{yx}}$ is equal to $\frac{2n(N+1){e}^{2}}{h}$, where $n$ is the number of the wells and $N$ the Landau-level index. This is also the case for very high but not too thin barriers. Corrections due to finite dispersion and finite temperatures are evaluated. Tunneling between adjacent wells can modify the results considerably or even destroy the effect depending on how wide or how high the barriers are. The results are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data.
Metalloantibiotics: Synthesis, characterization and in-vitro antibacterial studies on cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) complexes with cloxacillin

The synthesis and characterization of cloxacillin (clox) complexes with divalent metal ions [Co (II), Cu (II), Ni (II) and Zn (II)] is described. The nature of bonding of the chelated cloxacillin and the structures of the metal complexes have been elucidated on the basis of their physical and spectroscopic data. In all the complexes, the cloxacillin acts as a uninegatively charged bidentate ligand with coordination involving the carboxylate-O and endocyclic-N of the β-lactam ring. The new compounds have been screened for in-vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (a), Klebsiella pneumonae (b), Proteus mirabilis (c), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (d), Salmonella typhi (e), Shigella dysentriae (f), Bacillus cereus (g), Corynebacterium diphtheriae (h), Staphylococcus aureus (j) and Streptococcus pyogenes (k) bacterial strains. The brine shrimp bioassay was also carried out to study their in-vitro cytotoxic properties. All compounds, respectively, showed a promising activity (90%) against five bacterial species at 10 μg/ml concentration and a significant activity (52%) against the same test bacteria at 25 μg/ml concentration.
Cognitive structures of good and poor novice problem solvers in physics

The way knowledge is organized in memory is generally expected to relate to the degree of success in problem solving. In the present study, we investigated whether good novice problem solvers have their knowledge arranged around problem types to a greater extent than poor problem solvers have. In the subject of physics (electricity and magnetism), 12 problem types were distinguished according to their underlying physics principles. For each problem type, a set of elements of knowledge containing characteristics of the problem situation, declarative knowledge, and procedural knowledge was constructed. All of the resulting 65 elements were printed on cards, and first-year university students in physics ( N = 47) were asked to sort these cards into coherent piles shortly after they had taken an examination on electricity and magnetism. Essentially, good novice problem solvers sorted the cards according to problem types; the sorting by the poor problem solvers seemed to be determined to a greater extent by the surface characteristics of the elements. We concluded than an organization of knowledge around problem types might be highly conducive to good performance in problem solving by novice problem solvers.
Want to be on the top? Algorithmic power and the threat of invisibility on Facebook

This article explores the new modalities of visibility engendered by new media, with a focus on the social networking site Facebook. Influenced by Foucault’s writings on Panopticism – that is, the architectural structuring of visibility – this article argues for understanding the construction of visibility on Facebook through an architectural framework that pays particular attention to underlying software processes and algorithmic power. Through an analysis of EdgeRank, the algorithm structuring the flow of information and communication on Facebook’s ‘News Feed’, I argue that the regime of visibility constructed imposes a perceived ‘threat of invisibility’ on the part of the participatory subject. As a result, I reverse Foucault’s notion of surveillance as a form of permanent visibility, arguing that participatory subjectivity is not constituted through the imposed threat of an all-seeing vision machine, but by the constant possibility of disappearing and becoming obsolete.
Comparaison de la prédictivité d'un réseau de neurones à rétropropagation avec celles des méthodes de régression linéaire, logistique et AID pour le calcul des scores en marketing direct

Par rapport aux méthodes statistiques classiques (régression linéaire, régression logistique, segmentation, analyse discriminante), les avantages des réseaux de neurones à rétropropagation sont connus et nombreux (effets non linéaires, pas d'hypothèses sur la distribution des variables, résistance aux valeurs manquantes ou aberrantes). Cependant les conditions de mise en œuvre et la supériorité réelle en prédiction ne sont encore que peu documentées. L'article relève les recherches précédentes sur les analyses comparatives effectuées en marketing et présente les résultats obtenus pour la prédiction d'un comportement dans le domaine de la collecte de fonds.
The Presumed Polyomavirus Viroporin VP4 of Simian Virus 40 or Human BK Polyomavirus Is Not Required for Viral Progeny Release

ABSTRACT The minor capsid protein of human BK polyomavirus (BKPyV), VP2, and its N-terminally truncated form, VP3, are both important for viral entry. The closely related simian virus 40 (SV40) reportedly produces an additional truncated form of VP2/3, denoted VP4, apparently functioning as a viroporin promoting progeny release. The VP4 open reading frame is conserved in some polyomaviruses, including BKPyV. In this study, we investigated the role of VP4 in BKPyV replication. By transfecting viral genomes into primary human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells, we demonstrated that unaltered BKPyV and mutants with start codon substitutions in VP4 (VP2M229I and VP2M229A) abolishing putative VP4 production were released at the same level to supernatants. However, during infection studies, VP2M229I and VP2M229A exhibited 90% and 65% reduced infectivity, respectively, indicating that isoleucine substitution inadvertently disrupted VP2/3 function to the detriment of viral entry, while inhibition of VP4 production during late infection was well tolerated. Unexpectedly, and similarly to BKPyV, wild-type SV40 and the corresponding VP4 start codon mutants (VP2M228I and VP2M228A) transfected into monkey kidney cell lines were also released at equal levels. Upon infection, only the VP2M228I mutant exhibited reduced infectivity, a 43% reduction, which also subsequently led to delayed host cell lysis. Mass spectrometry analysis of nuclear extracts from SV40-infected cells failed to identify VP4. Our results suggest that neither BKPyV nor SV40 require VP4 for progeny release. Moreover, our results reveal an important role in viral entry for the amino acid in VP2/VP3 unavoidably changed by VP4 start codon mutagenesis. IMPORTANCE Almost a decade ago, SV40 was reported to produce a late nonstructural protein, VP4, which forms pores in the nuclear membrane, facilitating progeny release. By performing transfection studies with unaltered BKPyV and SV40 and their respective VP4-deficient mutants, we found that VP4 is dispensable for progeny release, contrary to the original findings. However, infection studies demonstrated a counterintuitive reduction of infectivity of certain VP4-deficient mutants. In addition to the isoleucine-substituted SV40 mutant of the original study, we included alanine-substituted VP4-deficient mutants of BKPyV (VP2M229A) and SV40 (VP2M228A). These revealed that the reduction in infectivity was not caused by a lack of VP4 but rather depended on the identity of the single amino acid substituted within VP2/3 for VP4 start codon mutagenesis. Hopefully, our results will correct the longstanding misconception of VP4's role during infection and stimulate continued work on unraveling the mechanism for release of polyomavirus progeny.
EVERY STEP OF THE WAY The Comprehensive In Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay ( CiPA ) Guide : A New Approach to Cardiac Risk Assessment

Historic Overview – Delayed Repolarization Hazard The association of certain cardiovascular drugs such as quinidine with risk of sudden cardiac death (quinidine syncope) was recognized nearly 100 years ago, but the mechanism was obscure until the 1960s, when quinidine syncope was found to be associated with prolongation of the electrocardiographic QT interval and a cardiac arrhythmia that displayed a distinctive electrocardiographic signature known as Torsade de Pointes (TdP, “twisting of the points”), a polymorphic ventricular arrhythmia which is potentially fatal (Figure 1). In the same era, congenital long QT syndromes (LQTS), rare familial diseases with similar cardiac phenotypes (i.e., QTc intervals in excess of 500 ms, episodes of TdP, and in some cases sudden cardiac death) were described. Figure 1. Human electrocardiograms illustrating normal and torsadogenic activity
The Human Lumican Gene

A human lumican cDNA sequence was derived by polymerase chain reaction techniques from RNA obtained from intestine, placenta, and articular cartilage. A contiguous sequence of 1729 bases was obtained corresponding to an observed message size of 1.8 kilobases (kb). The cDNA sequence consists of an 80-base pair (bp) 5′-untranslated region, a 1014-bp coding sequence, and a 618-bp 3′-untranslated region terminating in a 17-bp poly(A) tail. The deduced lumican protein sequence has 338 amino acids, including a putative 18-residue signal peptide. The human lumican gene was shown to be spread over about 7.5 kb of genomic DNA and to be located on chromosome 12q22. The gene consists of 3 exons separated by introns of 2.2 and 3.5 kb. The shorter 5′-intron resides 21 bases prior to the translation initiation codon, and the 3′-intron resides 152 bases prior to the translation termination codon. The lumican message is expressed at high levels in adult articular chondrocytes but at low levels in the young juvenile. This age-related trend in message level is not, however, common to all tissues in which the lumican gene is expressed. Lumican is present in the extracellular matrix of human articular cartilage at all ages, although its abundance is far greater in the adult. In the adult cartilage lumican exists predominantly in a glycoprotein form lacking keratan sulfate, whereas the juvenile form of the molecule is a proteoglycan.
Key establishment protocol for a patient monitoring system based on PUF and PKG

A body sensor network (BSN) is wireless network over a person's body that can monitor their physiological functions. In the health area, the security of the transmitted information is of vital importance to the attention of a patient. One of the major problems for a monitoring application is the key establishment between the diverse entities in these systems. The generation of cryptographic keys using physiological functions can provide security communication in a BSN as an intra-BAN. The addition of Physically Unclonable Functions (PUF's) extends security to the destination information in the medical center placed beyond-BAN. This paper presents a new protocol using both technologies to establish a cryptographic key and provide security at different levels of communication. An implementation of our protocol is presented as a proof-of-concept in order to test the architecture.
Akt phosphorylation and nuclear phosphoinositide association mediate mRNA export and cell proliferation activities by ALY

Nuclear PI3K and its downstream effectors play essential roles in a variety of cellular activities including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and pre-mRNA splicing. Aly is a nuclear speckle protein implicated in mRNA export. Here we show that Aly is a physiological target of nuclear PI3K signaling, which regulates its subnuclear residency, cell proliferation, and mRNA export activities through nuclear Akt phosphorylation and phosphoinositide association. Nuclear Akt phosphorylates Aly on threonine-219, which is required for its interaction with Akt. Aly binds phosphoinositides, and this action is regulated by Akt-mediated phosphorylation. Phosphoinositide binding but not Akt phosphorylation dictates Aly's nuclear speckle residency. Depletion of Aly results in cell growth suppression and mRNA export reduction. Inhibition of Aly phosphorylation substantially decreases cell proliferation and mRNA export. Furthermore, disruption of phosphoinositide association with Aly also significantly reduces these activities. Thus, nuclear PI3K signaling mediates both cell proliferation and mRNA export functions of Aly.
Development of controller graphical user interface for vibration suppression of flexible beam

This study proposes the implementation of Active Vibration Control (AVC) via a well-designed Graphical User Interface (GUI) to suppress the unwanted vibration of flexible beam system. The flexible beam system is the model to be controlled which is obtained from System Identification technique. A Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller is implemented in this study with three types of tuning methods: heuristic tuning, auto-tuning, and Particle Swarm Optimization tuning. A GUI controller is designed and developed using MATLAB platform. The GUI controller is a user friendly application that can be implemented for controller design and learning. The results are displayed in graphical plots and numerical values. In this study, the GUI controller is well-designed and implemented successfully for controller design. In addition, it was found that PI controller with auto tuning has the superiority in vibration suppression of the flexible beam system.
Psychological Predictors of Retention in a Low-Threshold Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Opioid Addicts: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study

This study investigated the role of psychological variables and judicial problems in treatment retention for a low-threshold methadone program in Montreal, Canada. Logistic regression analyses were computed to examine associations between psychological variables (psychological distress, self-esteem, stages of change), criminal justice involvement, and treatment retention for 106 highly-disorganized opioid users. Higher methadone dosage was associated with increased odds of treatment retention, whereas criminal charges and lower self-esteem decreased these odds. Psychological variables could be identified early in treatment and targeted to increase potential treatment retention. Financial support for this study was provided by the Fonds de Recherche en Santé du Québec.
Impact of non-QoS related parameters on video QoE

Nowadays a huge amount of multimedia content is available over different Online Social Networks (OSN) Web sites such as Facebook, YouTube…Therefore, the proposal of mechanisms capable to assessing the user satisfaction, i.e. Quality of Experience (QoE), become imminent. Different work has shown that the QoE may be affected by different QoS parameters. However, these parameters are not the only factors that might affect the QoE. This paper considers two non-QoS parameters: the video length and the different moment of the day. This paper presents a comparative study based on subjective assessment, that consider different lengths of video sequences, i.e. 30 seconds, 1 minute 30s, 3 minutes, 5 minutes and 8 minutes. These videos sequences belong to four different classes: funny, documentary, soccer and film class. This paper considers also different moment of the day, i.e. morning, midday, afternoon and night, in the assessment process.
The utility of Ki-ras mutation analysis in the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatobiliary neoplasma.

PURPOSE Mutations involved in neoplastic progression may be able to serve as markers for the presence of small numbers of neoplastic cells that would otherwise escape detection in diagnostic assays. Previous retrospective studies have suggested that the sensitivity of the cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic and biliary tract carcinomas is improved when analysis includes Ki-ras exon 1, which is commonly mutated in these neoplasms. We report our experience with the systematic prospective application of Ki-ras gene analysis to the evaluation of fine-needle aspirates and brushings from the pancreatobiliary tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between September 1996 and April 1999, 75 pancreatic fine-needle aspirates and common bile duct brushings submitted for routine cytologic diagnosis were also evaluated for mutations in Ki-ras exon 1 by polymerase chain reaction/single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. After routine preparation of the specimens, residual material was used for molecular analysis. Results are compared with the morphologic diagnosis and available clinical information. RESULTS Single-strand conformation polymorphism mutation patterns in Ki-ras were detected in 22 of the 70 consecutive clinical specimens with adequate DNA and at least 6 months of available clinical follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for the presence of concurrent or subsequent pancreatobiliary carcinoma were 33%, 97%, and 93%, respectively, for definitive cytologic diagnosis alone, and 53%, 97%, and 95% for positive Ki-ras single-strand conformation polymorphism mutation pattern alone. If definitive positive cytology or atypical/suspicious cytology with a positive Ki-ras single-strand conformation polymorphism mutation pattern is used, sensitivity is 55%, specificity is 97%, and positive predictive value is 96% for the presence of pancreatobiliary carcinoma. DISCUSSION Results support the routine use of Ki-ras mutational analysis to increase the sensitivity of the cytologic evaluation of pancreatobiliary fine-needle aspirates and common bile duct brushings with atypical or suspicious morphology without compromising specificity.
Visualization of biocolloid transport processes at the pore scale under saturated and unsaturated conditions

Field and columns studies of biocolloid transport in porous media have yielded a large body of information, used to design treatment systems, protect water supplies and assess the risk of pathogen contamination. However, the inherent “black-box” approach of these larger scales has resulted in generalizations that sometimes prove inaccurate. Over the past 10 to 15 years, pore scale visualization techniques have improved substantially, allowing the study of biocolloid transport in saturated and unsaturated porous media at a level that provides a very clear understanding of the processes that govern biocolloid movement. For example, it is now understood that the reduction in pathways for biocolloids as a function of their size leads to earlier breakthrough. Interception of biocolloids by the porous media used to be considered independent of fluid flow velocity, but recent work indicates that there is a relationship between them. The existence of almost stagnant pore water regions within a porous medium can lead to storage of biocolloids, but this process is strongly colloid-size dependent, since larger biocolloids are focused along the central streamlines in the flowing fluid. Interfaces, such as the Air-Water Interface, the Soil-Water Interface and the Soil-Water-Air interface, play a major role in attachment and detachment, with significant implications for risk assessment and system design. Important research questions related to the pore-scale factors that control attachment and detachment are key to furthering our understanding of the transport of biocolloids in porous media
Scalp thickness and the fat-loss theory of balding.

OF THE various hypotheses advanced to account for male pattern balding, most have been rendered untenable by the simple demonstration that testicular hormones are a prerequisite for the common patterned alopecia of the male. As shown by Hamilton, castrate or eunuchoid males are free from pattern balding, while testosterone can induce hair fall in genetically susceptible castrates or eunuchoids. Moreover, hair fall can be checked by castration, so that postpubertal castrates exhibit less hairline recession than normal controls of comparable age. *Therefore, tight headgear, exposure to the elements, and lack of hair care no longer need be blamed for the patterned loss of hair in the male, and ketonic steroids rather than obscure micro-organisms seem to be the mediating factor. What is not clear is just how masculinizing sex hormones act upon the follicles or the supporting tissues to bring about patterned loss of hair. In an attempt to