Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Representation of the Federal Elections of 2011 and 2012 in Russia by the Major National Television Channels

The programs of Russian TV channels in the context of electoral campaigns have repeatedly been selected as a subject of social surveys. The proposed paper is based on the results of content analysis of informational programs of the three major channels Pervij, Rossija-1 and NTV – during the Duma campaign of 2011 and the presidential campaign of 2012. The research findings demonstrate the thematic and contextual features of the programs, tones and mentioned persons. It is shown that the representation of the electoral competition was mostly imitative. The governing party (“United Russia”) and the authorities’ candidate (Vladimir Putin) were presented mostly as officials at work, which gave them certain advantages. There were no principal differences in the position of various channels towards the political process. In both cases public political activity increased noticeably after voting: in November 2011 in the form of protest demonstrations, and later in March 2012 in the form of protest and supportive demonstrations.
Identifying and Describing Streets of Interest

The amount of crowdsourced geospatial content on the Web is constantly increasing, providing a wealth of information for a variety of location-based services and applications. This content can be analyzed to discover interesting locations in large urban environments which people choose for different purposes, such as for entertainment, shopping, business or culture. In this paper, we focus on the problem of identifying and describing Streets of Interest. Given the road network in a specified area, and a collection of geolocated Points of Interest and photos in this area, our goal is to identify the most interesting streets for a specified category or keyword set, and to allow their visual exploration by selecting a small and spatio-textually diverse set of relevant photos. We formally define the problem and we present efficient algorithms, based on spatiotextual indices and filter and refinement strategies. The proposed methods are evaluated experimentally regarding their effectiveness and efficiency, using three real-world datasets containing road networks, POIs and photos collected from several Web sources.
Conservation of Pollinators in Traditional Agricultural Landscapes – New Challenges in Transylvania (Romania) Posed by EU Accession and Recommendations for Future Research

Farmland biodiversity is strongly declining in most of Western Europe, but still survives in traditional low intensity agricultural landscapes in Central and Eastern Europe. Accession to the EU however intensifies agriculture, which leads to the vanishing of traditional farming. Our aim was to describe the pollinator assemblages of the last remnants of these landscapes, thus set the baseline of sustainable farming for pollination, and to highlight potential measures of conservation. In these traditional farmlands in the Transylvanian Basin, Romania (EU accession in 2007), we studied the major pollinator groups—wild bees, hoverflies and butterflies. Landscape scale effects of semi-natural habitats, land cover diversity, the effects of heterogeneity and woody vegetation cover and on-site flower resources were tested on pollinator communities in traditionally managed arable fields and grasslands. Our results showed: (i) semi-natural habitats at the landscape scale have a positive effect on most pollinators, especially in the case of low heterogeneity of the direct vicinity of the studied sites; (ii) both arable fields and grasslands hold abundant flower resources, thus both land use types are important in sustaining pollinator communities; (iii) thus, pollinator conservation can rely even on arable fields under traditional management regime. This has an indirect message that the tiny flower margins around large intensive fields in west Europe can be insufficient conservation measures to restore pollinator communities at the landscape scale, as this is still far the baseline of necessary flower resources. This hypothesis needs further study, which includes more traditional landscapes providing baseline, and exploration of other factors behind the lower than baseline level biodiversity values of fields under agri-environmental schemes (AES).
Factors Related To Non‐Attendance In A Population Based Melanoma Screening Program

A total of 127 non‐attenders in a population‐based melanoma screening program, 58 women and 69 men, were asked in a telephone interview about reasons for non‐attendance. Of those, 105 also completed a mailed questionnaire, measuring perceived susceptibility to and knowledge about melanoma. During the same period, attenders (n = 286) at the screening clinic completed the same questionnaire. The most commonly reported reasons for non‐attendance were ‘I forgot about it’, ‘lack of time’ and ‘no need for examination’. A majority of non‐attenders held a positive attitude towards preventive programs in general and to the present invitation. Most of the improvements suggested by the non‐attenders were strategies to reduce practical barriers. Non‐attenders scored lower than attenders on perceived susceptibility. High and equal levels of knowledge about melanoma were found among attenders and non‐attenders. Men were more likely to be non‐attenders. Higher perceived susceptibility and a higher level of knowledge about melanoma were found among women as compared to men. The results suggests that there is potential to increase attendance in future melanoma programs by reducing practical barriers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Do extracts of oral soybean augment the trophic effect of estrogen on the rat uterus?

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate whether soybean extracts and estrogens present additive effects on adult rat uterus. Methods Fifty ovariectomized rats were randomly divided into five equal groups of ten animals: Control, treated with vehicle; SE46 and SE120, treated with 46 and 120 mg/kg soybean concentrated extract (SE), respectively; EE, treated with conjugated equine estrogens (CE) 50 μg/kg; SE120 + EE, treated with 50 μg/kg (CE) plus 120 mg/kg SE. The substances were administered daily by gavage for 21 consecutive days. Thereafter the animals were weighed and killed by decapitation; trunk blood was collected for hormone determinations. Uteri were removed immediately and fixed in 10% formaldehyde, followed by dehydration, embedding in paraffin and 6-m sections staining with hematoxylin and eosin for histomorphometric analyses of myometrium and endometrium. After ANOVA analysis of the data, the study was complemented with the Tukey–Kramer test for multiple comparisons. Results The concentrated extract of soybean at high concentration (SE 120 kg/mg) and estrogens proved to have a trophic effect on the uterus (endometrium and myometrium) of castrated rats. In groups SE120, EE and SE120 + EE, all morphometric parameters examined (number of glands, eosinophils, blood vessels and the glandular area) were increased. No significant addictive effects of soybean extract plus estrogens were detected in the SE120 + EE group. Conclusions Our results indicate that soy extract has a trophic effect on rat uterine structures. Treatment of ovariectomized rats with a concentrated soy extract in combination with conjugated estrogens had no addictive effect on the uterine response.
Open Intramedullary Kirschner Wire versus Screw and Plate Fixation for Unstable Forearm Fractures in Children

Purpose. To compare the outcomes of intramedullary Kirschner wire versus screw and plate fixation for unstable forearm fractures in children aged older than 10 years. Methods. Records of 32 children aged 10 to 15 (mean, 12) years with displaced fractures of the radius and ulna were retrospectively reviewed. 17 boys and 4 girls underwent intramedullary Kirschner wiring, whereas 10 boys and one girl underwent plating. All patients had been initially treated with closed reduction and casting. Indications for surgical intervention were fractures with angulation of >10° and total displacement. Patients were followed up for a mean of 24 (range, 13–40) months. Angulation and range of movements of the elbow, wrist, and forearm, as well as clinical and cosmetic results were compared. Results. Both treatments achieved excellent clinical outcomes, but intramedullary Kirschner wiring resulted in better cosmesis, shorter operating times, easier hardware removal, and lower implant costs. Conclusion. Intramedullary Kirschner wiring is a better option than plating for the treatment of unstable forearm fractures in older children.
A FoxO–Smad synexpression group in human keratinocytes

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signals through activation of Smad transcription factors. Activated Smad proteins associate with different DNA-binding cofactors for the recognition and regulation of specific target genes. Members of the forkhead box O family (FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4) play such a role in the induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p15Ink4b and p21Cip1. To delineate the organization of the TGF-β response in human keratinocytes, we defined the set of genes whose activation by TGF-β requires both FoxO and Smad functions. FoxO factors are shown to be essential for 11 of the 115 immediate gene activation responses to TGF-β in these cells. FoxO1, FoxO3, and FoxO4 act redundantly as mediators of these effects. Smad4, which functions as a partner of receptor-phosphorylated Smad2/3, is required for all of these responses. These results define a FoxO–Smad synexpression group or group of genes that are jointly induced by a common mechanism in response to TGF-β. In addition to p15INK4b and p21CIP1, these genes include mediators of stress responses (GADD45A, GADD45B, and IER1) and adaptive cell signaling responses (CTGF, JAG1, LEMD3, SGK, CDC42EP3, and OVOL1). Bioinformatic analysis of the promoter region of these genes reveals diverse configurations of Smad and FoxO binding elements, implying differences in the regulatory properties of this group of genes. Indeed, a subset of FoxO/Smad-dependent TGF-β gene responses additionally require the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β. The composition of the FoxO–Smad synexpression group suggests that stress reactions and adaptive functions accompany the cytostatic response of keratinocytes to TGF-β.
Dynamin Self-assembly Stimulates Its GTPase Activity*

GTP hydrolysis by dynamin is required to drive coated vesicle budding at the plasma membrane. A diverse set of molecules including microtubules, grb2, and acidic phospholipids stimulate dynamin GTPase activity in vitro, although the physiological relevance of these effectors remains to be determined. Dynamin has been shown to assemble around microtubules, the most potent stimulatory molecule, into structures indistinguishable by electron microscopy from collars captured in vivo at the necks of endocytic coated pits. Under low ionic strength conditions purified dynamin self-assembles into rings and helical stacks of rings. Here we show that dynamin self-assembly stimulates its GTPase activity as much as 10-fold. Thus, we identify dynamin, itself, as the first effector of dynamin GTPase activity known to be physiologically relevant. Assembled dynamin's stimulated GTPase activity is not dependent on the direct interaction of high affinity GTP binding sites since a mutant defective in GTP binding and hydrolysis can coassemble with and stimulate GTP hydrolysis by wild-type dynamin. Finally, we find that GTP destabilizes assembled dynamin structures, suggesting that the activated rates of GTP hydrolysis reflect a continuing cycle of assembly, GTP hydrolysis, and disassembly.
Joint Land Certification Programmes and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from Ethiopia

Abstract This paper connects two important development policy issues: women’s empowerment and land certification. We use propensity score matching to study the impact of the Ethiopian joint land registration and certification programme on women’s empowerment. Data are collected using surveys and a field experiment, enabling construction of complementary indices for empowerment. Our main result is that joint land certification has significant effects on women’s empowerment, particularly on dimensions that indicate female participation and roles outside the home. This result is robust to various sensitivity checks and alternative model specifications.
Pregabalin for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pregabalin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods: The authors conducted a multicenter, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-week, randomized clinical trial in PHN, defined as pain for 3 or more months following herpes zoster rash healing. Patients (n = 173) were randomized to treatment with pregabalin or placebo. Patients randomized to pregabalin received either 600 mg/day (creatinine clearance > 60 mL/min) or 300 mg/day (creatinine clearance 30 to 60 mL/min). The primary efficacy measure was the mean of the last seven daily pain ratings. Secondary endpoints included additional pain ratings, sleep interference, quality of life, mood, and patient and clinician ratings of global improvement. Results: Pregabalin-treated patients had greater decreases in pain than patients treated with placebo (endpoint mean scores 3.60 vs 5.29, p = 0.0001). Pain was significantly reduced in the pregabalin-treated patients after the first full day of treatment and throughout the study, and significant improvement on the McGill Pain Questionnaire total, sensory, and affective pain scores was also found. The proportions of patients with ≥30% and ≥50% decreases in mean pain scores were greater in the pregabalin than in the placebo group (63% vs 25% and 50% vs 20%, p = 0.001). Sleep also improved in patients treated with pregabalin compared to placebo (p = 0.0001). Both patients and clinicians were more likely to report global improvement with pregabalin than placebo (p = 0.001). Given the maximal dosage studied, pregabalin had acceptable tolerability compared to placebo despite a greater incidence of side effects, which were generally mild to moderate in intensity. Conclusions: Treatment of PHN with pregabalin is safe, efficacious in relieving pain and sleep interference, and associated with greater global improvement than treatment with placebo.
Empirical investigation of the effects of industry type and firm size on export barriers

This study aims to explore the importance of export barriers and to achieve this by comparing different industry types and firm sizes. We performed a cross-sectional study of 529 Portuguese export firms drawn from the database held by a Portuguese Industrial Association â€“ Business Confederation. From multivariate analysis of variance and the Tukeyâ€™s HSD (Honestly Significant Difference) test, we conclude that the more important export barriers mentioned by the firms proved more external than internal. Our results also show that the service and retail trade sectors were the sectors reporting the greatest peculiarities regarding export barriers. Thus, we identify an â€œindustry effectâ€ as regards export barriers even while our findings do not indicate any â€œsize effectâ€ . Knowing the industry-specific export barriers enables companies not only to better coordinate and perform export processes but also to better anticipate the behaviour of their competitors. Other practical and theoretical implications will also be presented.
Incidencia del nuevo marco normativo de auditoría en el ejercicio de la revisoría fiscal en Colombia

The globalization of the economy is the pillar that triggered the implementation of accounting standards and assurance of financial information worldwide acceptance in Colombia, who in order to begin the process of convergence, had to amend its legislation, issuing mandatory standards, which means a challenge for accountants, especially those working as revisor fiscal. This article is descriptive, its analysis was based on data collection through surveys and the methodology used is the literature review. The population on which it has made the study make all public accountants in Colombia and the sample consists of five professionals of this union who serve as Revisores fiscales. To develop the work one resorted to secondary, such sources as: books , theses and related normativities focused on the exercise of statutory audit and ISAs (International Standards on Auditing) and also went to primary sources, such as surveys, documents: to develop the work to secondary sources such as was used which they underwent an exploratory data analysis that allowed achieve the objective, which was to describe the impact of the mandatory implementation of the new regulatory framework in the performance audit of the Revisores fiscales in Colombia. With the results obtained in this research, we can conclude that the Revisoria Fiscal as generating public confidence figure, should be prepared and trained to meet the requirements, as there will be major changes that will impact the exercise of their profession. Keywords: Statutory tax , convergence , auditing standards , globalization, mandatory.
Sudden short-circuit analysis of a salient permanent magnet synchronous machine with buried magnets for traction applications

This paper discusses the three-phase sudden short-circuit in a rotor-oriented reference frame and the involved torque of a salient permanent magnet excited synchronous machine with buried magnets (PMSM). The paper will demonstrate the influence of machine parameters like the stator resistance, the direct and quadrature inductance on the resulting currents and torque at short-circuit conditions. It will be shown that the produced drag torque as well as the drag losses could be minimized by varying the machine parameters. The results of the analytical calculation of the non-saturated PMSM are compared with measurements.
Accurate structure refinement and measurement of crystal charge distribution using convergent beam electron diffraction

The method for accurate structure refinement from energy‐filtered convergent‐beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns is described with emphasis on recent progress in using imaging filters and 2‐D detectors. Details are given about the underlying theoretical model and the statistical analysis of experimental data. The relationship between crystal potential and charge density is also derived for crystals at thermal equilibrium. The method is applied to the refinement of Si (111) and (222) structure factors using various goodness‐of‐fit (GOF) criteria. Results show that the refinement method is robust and highly accurate. The importance of the experimentally measured structure factors is illustrated through the study of the charge density in MgO. With the measured structure factors, it is possible to obtain details about the charge redistribution due to crystal bonding. Microsc. Res. Tech. 46:220–233, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anti-CD25 Antibody Enhancement of Vaccine-Induced Immunogenicity: Increased Durable Cellular Immunity with Reduced Immunodominance1

An efficacious vaccine strategy must be capable of inducing strong responses of an appropriate phenotype that are long lasting and sufficiently broad to prevent pathogen escape mechanisms. In the present study, we use anti-CD25 mAb to augment vaccine-induced immunity in mice. We demonstrate that coformulation of Ab and poxviral- or adenoviral-vectored vaccines induces significantly increased T cell responses to a malaria Ag; prior anti-CD25 Ab administration was not required for this effect. Furthermore, this vaccination approach subverts immunodominant epitope hierarchies by enhancing responses to subdominant epitopes induced by recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara immunization. Administration of anti-CD25 with a vaccine also induces more durable immunity compared with vaccine alone; significantly higher T cell responses were observed 100 days after the primary immunization. Enhanced immunogenicity is observed for multiple vaccine types with enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses induced by bacillus Calmette-Guérin and a recombinant subunit protein vaccine to hepatitis B virus and with multiple Ags of tumor, viral, bacterial, and parasitic origin. Vaccine strategies incorporating anti-CD25 lead to improved protection against pre-erythrocytic malaria challenge. These data underpin new strategies for the design and development of more efficacious vaccines in clinical settings.
Fetal magnetocardiographic signals extracted by 'signal subspace' blind source separation

In this paper, we apply independent component analysis to fetal magnetocardiographic data. In particular, we propose an extension of the "cumulant-based iterative inversion" algorithm to include a two-step "signal subspace" subdivision, which allows the user to control the number of components to be estimated by analyzing the eigenvalues distribution in an interactive way. Our results show that this method is a powerful means not only for the extraction of the cardiac signals from the background noise but also for a sharp separation of the baby's heart from the mother's.
Differential mRNA localization in astroglial cells in culture

Messenger RNA (mRNA) targeting to specific subcellular domains has been studied extensively in many cell types, and there is increasing evidence suggesting that mRNA sorting also occurs in astrocytes. As a step toward developing strategies to evaluate the signals that govern mRNA sorting in astrocytes, the authors studied the subcellular distribution of several representative mRNAs, poly(A) RNA and ribosomal RNA, in process‐bearing (type‐2) astroglial cells in culture. Nonradioactive in situ hybridization analysis revealed a gradual increase in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) mRNA as type‐2 astrocytes differentiated in culture. In mature cells, labeling was present in both cell bodies and processes. GFAP mRNA labeling was granular in nature and was particularly concentrated at branch points and at the tips of the processes. Unlike GFAP mRNA, vimentin, β‐tubulin, and β‐ and γ‐actin mRNAs were mainly confined to the cell bodies, with only occasional labeling seen in the processes. Nonradioactive and radioactive in situ hybridization analysis of poly(A) and ribosomal RNA, respectively, revealed labeling in cell bodies and processes of immature and differentiated astrocytes. Treatment with nocodazole, a microtubule depolymerizing agent, resulted in a substantial reduction of GFAP mRNA labeling in the processes, whereas treatment with cytochalasin D, a microfilament‐disrupting agent, did not alter GFAP mRNA distribution. The results indicate that cultured type‐2 astrocytes have the capacity to sort mRNAs to different subcellular domains and that the localization of GFAP mRNA to astrocyte processes requires intact microtubules. J. Comp. Neurol. 430:56–71, 2001. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.