Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review on Histogram Equalization based Image Enhancement Techniques

The multimedia devices, mobile phones and other palmtop devices are integral part of our day to day life. Image and video processing plays a key role in modern day information and communication technologies. Images captured from cameras needs enhancement for before using them in various applications. Noise removal, contrast improvement, and adjustment of brightness are common operations performed on raw images after capturing from camera. Researchers have proposed variety of image enhancement techniques by using numerical methods, statistics, signal processing. In this paper, Histogram Equalization (HE) method is studied. HE is an important image enhancement scheme and many variations of HE has been proposed. We study most important and highly cited HE techniques in this work and discuss their advantages, limitations and applications.
Power flow analysis using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems

Electric power systems expansion has involved the privatization and the restructuration of some power grids; this puts the power system operators in a competitive electricity market. In the other hand, the development of computer systems and software leads to new concepts such us smart grids, therefore the conventional power flow (PF) program need to be enhanced to become optimal power flow (OPF) taking into consideration some uncertainties. To solve power flow problem, two different approaches are used, the traditional and the intelligent one; artificial intelligence systems have proved their efficiency in power system analysis. Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) are a combination of two intelligent techniques: neural networks and fuzzy logic. This paper presents power flow solution using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) of IEEE 39 bus system. The training of our ANFIS is taken from power flow results using `power world simulator' software. Power flow using ANFIS showed a clear improvement in terms of rapidity and feasibility.
Automatic Gate Biasing of an SCCMOS Power Switch Achieving Maximum Leakage Reduction and Lowering Leakage Current Variability

Power switch transistors are very effective in cutting the leakage currents of digital circuits in a deep-freeze mode, by de-supplying unused blocks. Among existing power switch transistors, Super Cut-off CMOS (SCCMOS) is the most suited to a low supply voltage environment since it uses a low threshold voltage transistor. This power switch type achieves good leakage reduction results, provided that an optimal voltage is applied on its gate in order to maximize the leakage gain. This optimal voltage value, depending on the operating conditions (process, voltage, temperature), cannot be determined at the design level. A polarization circuit, that automatically finds the optimal bias voltage whatever the environment conditions, was therefore designed and fabricated. This circuit, made in Bulk 65 nm technology, achieves more than two decades leakage current reduction at the power switch level, for a power dissipation overhead of 45 nW at ambient temperature. A very simple scheme is also presented to alleviate the voltage stress applied on the dielectric in case of an ageing of the latter, increasing its time-to-breakdown by several orders of magnitude.
Systems Development in Pandemic Times: the Case of a Vaccination Registration Service: Some Well-Known Lessons Might Be Learned Again

There are several theoretical frameworks as well as practical experiences on how to improve the development, implementation, and operations of e-government services. The paper shortly describes the case of the Hungarian COVID-19 vaccination registration service for citizens that was inappropriately designed from the organizing point of view. Application of two general principles, that could have been used during the design of the service, are presented in the paper as an afterthought. Though the lack of reliable data does not allow to identify the root causes of the improper building of the vaccination registration service, it is argued that some well-known lessons could be learned again: e-government services are socio-technical systems that should be designed with systems thinking in mind.
CityFlowFragility

Economic loss caused by natural disasters is increasing in many cities around the world. There is an increasing demand for a method that effectively measures the fragility of people flow to appropriately plan the future investment into infrastructure. Conventional methods measure the fragility of urban systems using infrastructure data such as the road and railway networks. However, these methods are costly to perform, cannot directly measure the disruption on human activities caused by disasters, nor can they be applied for individual disasters. Here, we propose a novel method that quantifies the fragility of cities through detecting the delay in commuting activities using GPS data collected from smartphones. Because commuting activities are daily routines for many people, commuting flow has little day-to-day fluctuation, which makes it an appropriate metric for detecting anomalies and disruption in urban systems. This method can be utilized in any city in the world regardless of differences in network structures or population distribution, as long as people commute on a daily basis. We validate our method in various cities for snowfall and typhoons using real datasets in Japan, and show that intuitive results can be obtained. Our method's reliability is clarified by comparing the results with conventional metrics. We also present useful analyses and applications of CityFlowFragility for urban planning and disaster management.
Evolutionary algorithm based structural optimization for patch antenna design and its performance analysis

Modern communication technology demands high performance miniaturized planar antennas. Designing planar antennas such as microstrip patch are well studied and have tremendous scope in the development based on the required objectives. Several optimization techniques were reported for the design of patch antennas but limited to dimensional parameters only. In this work we have adapted evolutionary algorithm based optimization which optimizes the dimension as well as the structure of the patch. This shows unconventional structures with better electrical performances. Here we assume a unit square patch of λ/8 for the construction of the radiating structure of the antenna element using the algorithm. The antenna is designed to operate at 2.45GHz. The major outcome of this work is that the evolutionary algorithm outcome is interfaced with the RF Simulation to make it fully automatic iterative system. The performances were compared to the conventional patch and it was found that the algorithm based patch antenna gave better results.
Manu's code of law : a critical edition and translation of the Mānava-Dharmásāstra

Manu's Code of Law is one of the most important texts in the Sanskrit canon, indeed one of the most important surviving texts from any classical civilization. It paints an astoundingly detailed picture of ancient Indian life-covering everything from the constitution of the king's cabinet to the price of a ferry trip for a pregnant woman-and its doctrines have been central to Indian thought and practice for 2000 years. Despite its importance, however, until now no one has produced a critical edition of this text. As a result, for centuries scholars have been forced to accept clearly inferior editions of Sanskrit texts and to use those unreliable editions as the basis for constructing the history of classical India. In this volume, Patrick Olivelle has assembled the critical text of Manu, including a critical apparatus containing all the significant manuscript variants, along with a reliable and readable translation, copious explanatory notes, and a comprehensive introduction on the structure, content, and socio-political context of the treatise. The result is an outstanding scholarly achievement that will be an essential tool for any serious student of India.
5G micro-operator networks — A key enabler for new verticals and markets

The demand for wireless information exchange in the form of data and multimedia content has been growing exponentially over the past few years, and the trends are expected to persist for the future. Due to the continued growth in demand and support required for new use cases and features, currently the fifth generation (5G) of mobile networks are being developed. We build on top of the concept of micro-operators and discuss the use of cloud-based deployments to enable connectivity and service provisioning in the new paradigms. The use of such networks for supporting new application and services from verticals, related challenges and impacts on network security and the regulatory support from new spectrum regimes are also discussed. Performance issues and optimization approaches are outlined to enable a fast and efficient deployment of 5G networks which are suitable for new verticals and markets, providing tailored services and applications.
Properties of galactic B[e] supergiants. V. Two-dimensional radiative transfer model of RY Sct and its dusty disc

We present results of the first two-dimensional radiative transfer modelling of the eclipsing binary RY Sct and its dusty disc. Assuming an effective temperature T&#x0359 = 27 000K for both components and the distance D = 1.8 kpc, we derive the total luminosity L&#x0359 = 4.2 × 105 L. The optically thin dusty disc (tV ˜ 0.04 in the equatorial plane) extends from its inner boundary at R1 = 60AU to the distances of R2 ˜ 105 AU, where it blends into the interstellar medium. The very high energy output of the supergiants heats up the interstellar dust, well beyond the outer boundary, to temperatures of ~ 100 K.
SAPH-ire TFx – A Recommendation-based Machine Learning Model Captures a Broad Feature Landscape Underlying Functional Post-Translational Modifications

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are a rapidly expanding feature class of significant importance in cell biology. Due to a high burden of experimental proof, the number of functional PTMs in the eukaryotic proteome is currently underestimated. Furthermore, not all PTMs are functionally equivalent. Therefore, computational approaches that can confidently recommend the functional potential of experimental PTMs are essential. To address this challenge, we developed SAPH-ire TFx (https://saphire.biosci.gatech.edu/): a multi-feature neural network model and web resource optimized for recommending experimental PTMs with high potential for biological impact. The model is rigorously benchmarked against independent datasets and alternative models, exhibiting unmatched performance in the recall of known functional PTM sites and the recommendation of PTMs that were later confirmed experimentally. An analysis of feature contributions to model outcome provides further insight on the need for multiple rather than single features to capture the breadth of functional data in the public domain.mtorres35@gatech.eduSee Tables S1-S6 & Figures S1-S4.
Recovery Oriented Computing: A New Research Agenda for a New Century

Summary form only given, as follows. After 15 years of successfully improving cost-performance, it's time for new challenges for the systems research community. As a result of the focus on cost-performance, the fabled five 9s of availability (99.999% uptime) looks to be much easier to achieve in advertising than in computers, and the cost of managing systems can be five times the cost of the hardware. In a Post-PC Era of wireless gadgets using services on the Internet, one new challenge is building services that really are dependable and much less expensive to maintain. Traditional Fault-Tolerant Computing concentrates on tolerating hardware and operating system faults, ignoring faults by human operators and even applications. Recovery Oriented Computing (ROC) aims at improving Mean Time To Recover to both lower the cost of management and improve at the availability of whole system, including the people who operate it. We look to civil engineering and diplomacy to inspire principles for ROC design. This talk outlines motivation for and proposed principles of ROC design, plus some concrete results in the area of benchmarking of availability.
Voltage Sensor Inactivation in Potassium Channels

In voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels membrane depolarization causes movement of a voltage sensor domain. This conformational change of the protein is transmitted to the pore domain and eventually leads to pore opening. However, the voltage sensor domain may interact with two distinct gates in the pore domain: the activation gate (A-gate), involving the cytoplasmic S6 bundle crossing, and the pore gate (P-gate), located externally in the selectivity filter. How the voltage sensor moves and how tightly it interacts with these two gates on its way to adopt a relaxed conformation when the membrane is depolarized may critically determine the mode of Kv channel inactivation. In certain Kv channels, voltage sensor movement leads to a tight interaction with the P-gate, which may cause conformational changes that render the selectivity filter non-conductive (“P/C-type inactivation”). Other Kv channels may preferably undergo inactivation from pre-open closed-states during voltage sensor movement, because the voltage sensor temporarily uncouples from the A-gate. For this behavior, known as “preferential” closed-state inactivation, we introduce the term “A/C-type inactivation”. Mechanistically, P/C- and A/C-type inactivation represent two forms of “voltage sensor inactivation. ”
Unstructured Versus Structured GLRT for Multipolarization SAR Change Detection

Coherent multipolarization synthetic aperture radar (SAR) change detection exploiting data collected from N multiple polarimetric channels is addressed in this letter. The problem is formulated as a binary hypothesis testing problem, and a special block-diagonal structure for the polarimetric covariance matrix is forced to design a detector based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) criterion. It is shown that the structured decision rule ensures the constant false alarm rate property with respect to the unknown disturbance covariance. Results on both simulated and real high-resolution SAR data show the effectiveness of the considered decision rule and its superiority against the traditional unstructured GLRT in some scenarios of practical interest.
Phenomenological Inquiry as a Methodology for Investigating the Lived Experience of Being Critically Ill in Intensive Care

Citation: Tembo AC. Phenomenological Inquiry as a Methodology for Investigating the Lived Experience of Being Critically Ill in Intensive Care. J Intensive & Crit Care 2016, 2:1. In the Cartesian driven high tech environment of ICU were patients are objectified and reduced to anatomical and biochemical entities, phenomenological inquiry can bring a touch of humanness and holism to the care of critically ill patients. When discussing critical illness from a phenomenological lens, the word intentionality comes to the foreground. Therefore this paper begins by discussing intentionality as the centre of perception and existence in the world. It then discusses the place of phenomenology, phenomenology and nursing, the existentials and then phenomenology as a way of investigating the experience of critical illness".
A new hierarchical-clustering combination scheme based on scatter matrices and nearest neighbor criterion

In the field of pattern recognition, combination of different classifiers is a common method to improve classification accuracy. Recently, tendency to improve the function of clustering methods, specifically partitional clustering methods, is being increased. Generally, hierarchical clustering is preferred to partitional clustering when the number of exact clusters is undetermined or when we are interested in finding the relation between clusters. Most of the proposed methods for clustering combination are based on partitional clustering. In this paper, a new method for combination of hierarchical clustering is proposed. In this method, in the first step the primary dendrograms of base hierarchical clustering methods (such as Single Linkage and Complete Linkage) are converted to matrices. Then these matrices are synthesized together in a weighted procedure and led to a final description matrix. The weights are determined based on two criteria: clustering scatter matrices and nearest neighbour of each pattern. The results show improvement in function of combination method rather than base clustering methods.
Injection and Dump Systems for a 13.5 TeV Hadron Synchrotron HE-LHC

One option for a future circular collider at CERN is to build a 13.5 TeV hadron synchrotron, or High Energy LHC (HE-LHC) in the LHC tunnel. Injection and dump systems will have to be upgraded to cope with the higher beam rigidity and increased damage potential of the beam. The required modifications of the beam transfer hardware are highlighted in view of technology advancements in the field of kicker switch technology. An optimised straight section optics is shown.
Food insecurity and HIV clinical outcomes in a longitudinal study of urban homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals

Background:Food insecurity is common among HIV-infected individuals and has been associated with poor health. Little longitudinal research has examined the association of food insecurity with HIV clinical outcomes, or the extent to which adherence mediates these associations. Design:Observational cohort study Methods:HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed individuals in the San Francisco Research on Access to Care in the Homeless cohort completed quarterly structured interviews and blood draws. We measured food insecurity using the validated Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Primary outcomes were: antiretroviral therapy (ART) nonadherence (<90% adherence), incomplete HIV viral load suppression more than 100 copies/ml, and CD4+ cell counts less than 200 cells/&mgr;l. We estimated model parameters using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical variables. Results:From May 2007 to March 2010, we followed 284 participants for a median of 22 months. At baseline 54.6% of participants were food-insecure. Food insecurity was associated with increased odds of ART nonadherence [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19–1.85], incomplete viral load suppression (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.04–1.61), and CD4+ cell counts less than 200 cells/&mgr;l (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.01–1.56). When we included ART adherence in adjusted models for incomplete viral suppression and CD4+ cell counts less than 200 cells/&mgr;l, the magnitude of the effect decreased slightly. Conclusion:Food insecurity was associated with poor HIV outcomes, including nonadherence, in a longitudinal study of US-based HIV-infected unstably housed individuals. Efforts to address food insecurity should be included in HIV-treatment programs, and may help improve health outcomes.
Mots et choses Berbères : notes de linguistique et d'ethnographie, dialectes du Maroc

have no such formulae. There are incidents that remind the reader of the Arabian Nights, such as " The Story of the Magic Bird " and " The Baker and the Grateful Fish " ; there is the familiar theme of the handsome prince who was a snake by day and a man at night, with other " far-travelled tales ". Miss Marian Cox has no examples of a Persian Cinderella in her great collection of Cinderella stories, but they are found in this book; and there are several examples of stories containing the cumulative rhymes, of which the most familiar is our nursery song of the " House that Jack built ", and the most notable the Had Gadya or " One Kid ", that strange Aramaic song recited at the close of the first two evening Passover home services. It is a type of nursery jingle as old and as widespread as the world. We must add a word in commendation of the illustrations, which are fresh and unconventional. E. H.
Procrastination and suicide proneness: A moderated-mediation model for cognitive schemas and gender

ABSTRACT This study examined the direct and indirect paths between procrastination and suicide proneness while considering gender differences. Participants included 547 undergraduates from a southeastern university. Procrastination was positively related to suicide proneness for both genders, although this relation was stronger for women. Moderated-mediation analyses with bootstrapping highlighted insufficient self-control schemas as a mediator in the relation between procrastination and suicide proneness. However, indirect pathways did not vary by gender. Results represent an extension of the Procrastination-Health Model by highlighting the contribution of cognitive factors in explaining the relation between procrastination and suicide proneness.
Mobilités géographiques étudiantes et qualifications des territoires : quelques disparités régionales

Depuis les lois de decentralisation, depuis le dernier plan de redeploiement « Universite 2 000 », le niveau regional a acquis une nouvelle legitimite non seulement en tant que niveau d'observation des structurations de l'offre de formation superieure et des marches de l'emploi mais aussi et surtout comme territoire de revendications et d'actions.Or, les situations regionales liees aux populations jeunes, qu'il s'agisse des bacheliers, des etudiants inscrits a l'Universite ou des diplomes accedant aun premier emploi, apparaissent extremement contrastees. Par la mobilisation de nombreuses sources d'informations, par leurs traitements systematiques et cartographiques, l'approche simultanee des comportements migratoires des differentes populations jeunes en relation avec l'enseignement superieur se veut une contribution aux debats en cours concernant d'une part l'avenir du systeme francais de formation superieure, d'autre part l'existence de « desequilibres » territoriaux et leurs gestions
A Review of Feedback Models and Theories: Descriptions, Definitions, and Conclusions

The positive effect of feedback on students’ performance and learning is no longer disputed. For this reason, scholars have been working on developing models and theories that explain how feedback works and which variables may contribute to student engagement with it. Our aim with this review was to describe the most prominent models and theories, identified using a systematic, three-step approach. We selected 14 publications and described definitions, models, their background, and specific underlying mechanisms of feedback processes. We concluded the review with eight main points reached from our analysis of the models. The goal of this paper is to inform the field and to help both scholars and educators to select appropriate models to frame their research and intervention development. In our complementary review (Panadero and Lipnevich, 2021) we further analyzed and compared the fourteen models with the goal to classify and integrate shared elements into a new comprehensive model.
The ZX-calculus is complete for stabilizer quantum mechanics

The ZX-calculus is a graphical calculus for reasoning about quantum systems and processes. It is known to be universal for pure state qubit quantum mechanics (QM), meaning any pure state, unitary operation and post-selected pure projective measurement can be expressed in the ZX-calculus. The calculus is also sound, i.e. any equality that can be derived graphically can also be derived using matrix mechanics. Here, we show that the ZX-calculus is complete for pure qubit stabilizer QM, meaning any equality that can be derived using matrices can also be derived pictorially. The proof relies on bringing diagrams into a normal form based on graph states and local Clifford operations.