Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multilevel dynamics in developmental psychopathology : pathways to the future

Contents: Preface. M. Rutter, Gene-Environment Interplay and Developmental Psychopathology. D.R. Hanson, I.I. Gottesman, Choreographing Genetic, Epigenetic, and Stochastic Steps in the Dances of Developmental Psychopathlogy. W.T. Boyce, A Biology of Misfortune: Stress Reactivity, Social Context, and the Ontogeny of Psychopathology in Early Life. B. Egeland, Understanding Developmental Processes of Resilience and Psychology: Implications for Policy and Practice. B.H. Fiese, M. Spagnola, The Interior Life of the Family: Looking From the Inside Out and the Outside In. T.J. Dishion, T.F. Piehler, Peer Dynamics in the Development and Change of Child and Adolescent Problem Behavior. J. Garber, Depression in Youth: A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective. D. Cicchetti, K. Valentino, Toward the Application of a Multiple-Levels-of-Analysis Perspective to Research. L.A. Sroufe, Commentary: The Place of Development in Developmental Psychopathology.
Intracellular Distribution of Lysosomal Sialidase Is Controlled by the Internalization Signal in Its Cytoplasmic Tail*

Sialidase (neuraminidase), encoded by theneu-1 gene in the major histocompatibility complex locus catalyzes the intralysosomal degradation of sialylated glycoconjugates. Inherited deficiency of sialidase results in sialidosis or galactosialidosis, both severe metabolic disorders associated with lysosomal storage of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides. Sialidase also plays an important role in cellular signaling and is specifically required for the production of cytokine interleukin-4 by activated T lymphocytes. In these cells,neu-1-encoded sialidase activity is increased on the cell surface, suggesting that a specific mechanism regulates sorting of this enzyme to the plasma membrane. We investigated that mechanism by first showing that sialidase contains the internalization signal found in lysosomal membrane proteins targeted to endosomes via clathrin-coated pits. The signal consists of a C-terminal tetrapeptide412YGTL415, with Tyr412 and Leu415 essential for endocytosis of the enzyme. We further demonstrated that redistribution of sialidase from lysosomes to the cell surface of activated lymphocytes is accompanied by increased reactivity of the enzyme with anti-phosphotyrosine antibodies. We speculate that phosphorylation of Tyr412 results in inhibition of sialidase internalization in activated lymphocytes.
A Simple Rule for Prenatal Diagnosis of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

The objective of this series was to describe a simple rule for prenatal diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR). Fourteen fetuses had a prenatal diagnosis of TAPVR by the simple rule, including the following components: (1) the major criterion, which was the absence of a connection between the pulmonary vein and the left atrium; and (2) at least 1 of the following minor criteria: (a) the presence of a vascular confluence behind the atria, (b) abnormal spectral Doppler waveforms in the pulmonary veins, (c) a smooth posterior wall of the left atrium, (d) increased retroatrial space, (e) a dilated coronary sinus (cardiac type), (f) a dilated superior vena cava or brachiocephalic vein, and (g) an additional vessel on the 3‐vessel/3‐vessel and trachea view or a vertical descending vein. All were accurately diagnosed, and none were missed by the diagnosis. In summary, the simple rule described is helpful in increasing the number of accurate prenatal diagnoses of TAPVR.
Conversation About Aids and the Media Environment in Thailand: Mass Media Roles in Context Building and Content Providing for Interpersonal Discourse

This research explores the relationship between AIDS messages in the mass media and interpersonal discourse on AIDS in Thailand. This research explores which aspects, with whom, in what context, and in what ways people discuss AIDS, specifically in relation to their exposure to AIDS messages publicized by the Thai mass media. This investigation seeks to provide an understanding of the relationship between AIDS messages in the mass media and people's interpersonal discussions. In this research, two elements of mass media roles in stimulating AIDS talk constitute the central focus of research: context building and content providing. The term context building describes the process of influencing people's perception of the social appropriateness of some topic and the degree of public support for the expression of certain opinions on that subject. Content providing here is understood to mean the process of shaping the parameters of people's presentation of AIDS by initially providing shared meanings. This study considers media content building and content providing to jointly contribute to individual discourses on AIDS. This research employs survey research methods based on qualitative focus group research and in-depth interviews. The target population is the potentially sexually active segment of the general population (aged between 15-29). Approximately 1800 subjects, married and unmarried males and females, were sampled in four districts of Kanchanaburi province in Thailand. Respondents were asked about the subjects and extent of their conversations about AIDS, the choice of discussion partners and their attendant levels of discomfort with this topic. The findings of this research supported both the context and content providing roles of mass media for interpersonal discourses. The most interesting finding is that there is a strong association between conversation topics and media reception for particular AIDS issues which the media had emphasized. The implications of these findings were discussed in terms of agenda-setting and the evolution of frames. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Department Communication First Advisor Robert Hornik This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/dissertations_asc/18 Subject Categories Communication This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/dissertations_asc/18 CONVERSATION ABOUT AIDS AND THE MEDIA ENVIRONMENT IN THAILAND: Mass Media Roles in Context Building and Content Providing for Interpersonal Discourse
Spatial mapping and quantification of developmental branching morphogenesis

Branching morphogenesis is a fundamental developmental mechanism that shapes the formation of many organs. The complex three-dimensional shapes derived by this process reflect equally complex genetic interactions between branching epithelia and their surrounding mesenchyme. Despite the importance of this process to normal adult organ function, analysis of branching has been stymied by the absence of a bespoke method to quantify accurately the complex spatial datasets that describe it. As a consequence, although many developmentally important genes are proposed to influence branching morphogenesis, we have no way of objectively assessing their individual contributions to this process. We report the development of a method for accurately quantifying many aspects of branching morphogenesis and we demonstrate its application to the study of organ development. As proof of principle we have employed this approach to analyse the developing mouse lung and kidney, describing the spatial characteristics of the branching ureteric bud and pulmonary epithelia. To demonstrate further its capacity to profile unrecognised genetic contributions to organ development, we examine Tgfb2 mutant kidneys, identifying elements of both developmental delay and specific spatial dysmorphology caused by haplo-insufficiency for this gene. This technical advance provides a crucial resource that will enable rigorous characterisation of the genetic and environmental factors that regulate this essential and evolutionarily conserved developmental mechanism.
Tourism studies and the social sciences

Introduction: Tourism as a Multi-Disciplinary and Trans-Disciplinary Area of Study 1. A Historical Geography of Tourism 2. Sociology and Tourism 3. Psychology and Tourism 4. Economics and Tourism 5. Political Economy and Tourism Development . Anthropology and Tourism 7. Environmental Studies and Tourism 8. Emerging Themes and Tourism
A duplex qPCR for the simultaneous detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes using LNA probes

In this study, a duplex qPCR assay was developed for the needs of the Irish fish industry to screen for the two major food‐borne pathogens of fish, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The assay can claim positive or negative results for two pathogens in one go in only 20 h including 16 h universal pre‐enrichment and compared to traditional ISO approved plate culture methods the labour and the cost involved in testing of one sample is reduced to minimum. The highly specific genomic areas targeted for PCR amplification in the assay are the hly gene for listeriolysin O (LLO) of L. monocytogenes and the stx gene for Shiga–like toxin expressed by E. coli O157:H7. The detection limit of the assay is consistent with the consumer protection limits of 1 pg genomic DNA or 1 CFU 25 g−1 fish meat (with enrichment) allowing the test to be considered as a substitute to standard plate culture methods.
Towards a realistic model for failure propagation in interdependent networks

Modern networks are becoming increasingly interdependent. As a prominent example, the smart grid is an electrical grid controlled through a communications network, which in turn is powered by the electrical grid. Such interdependencies create new vulnerabilities and make these networks more susceptible to failures. In particular, failures can easily spread across these networks due to their interdependencies, possibly causing cascade effects with a devastating impact on their functionalities. In this paper we focus on the interdependence between the power grid and the communications network, and propose a novel realistic model, HINT (Heterogeneous Interdependent NeTworks), to study the evolution of cascading failures. Our model takes into account the heterogeneity of such networks as well as their complex interdependencies. We compare HINT with previously proposed models both on synthetic and real network topologies. Experimental results show that existing models oversimplify the failure evolution and network functionality requirements, resulting in severe underestimations of the cascading failures.
HEMATOPOIESIS AND STEM CELLS Functional and molecular characterization of mouse Gata 2-independent hematopoietic progenitors

• A new Gata2 reporter indicates that all HSCs express Gata2 and corroborates findings that Gata2 is not required for generation of all HPCs. • Isolatable non–Gata2expressing HPCs show less potency and a distinct genetic program, thus having implications for reprogramming strategies. The Gata2 transcription factor is a pivotal regulator of hematopoietic cell development and maintenance, highlighted by the fact that Gata2 haploinsufficiency has been identified as the cause of some familial cases of acute myelogenous leukemia/ myelodysplastic syndrome and in MonoMac syndrome. Genetic deletion in mice has shown that Gata2 is pivotal to the embryonic generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). It functions in the embryo during endothelial cell to hematopoietic cell transition to affect hematopoietic cluster, HPC, and HSC formation. Gata2 conditional deletion and overexpression studies show the importance of Gata2 levels in hematopoiesis, during all developmental stages. Although previous studies of cell populations phenotypically enriched in HPCs and HSCs show expressionofGata2, therehasbeennodirectstudyofGata2expressingcellsduringnormal hematopoiesis. In this study, we generate a Gata2Venus reporter mouse model with unperturbed Gata2 expression to examine the hematopoietic function and transcriptome of Gata2 expressing and nonexpressing cells. We show that all the HSCs are Gata2 expressing.However, notallHPCs in theaorta, vitellineandumbilical arteries,and fetal liver require or express Gata2. These Gata2-independent HPCs exhibit a different functional output and genetic program, including Ras and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein pathways and other Gata factors, compared with Gata2-dependent HPCs. Our results, indicating that Gata2 is of major importance in programming toward HSC fate but not in all cells with HPC fate, have implications for current reprogramming strategies. (Blood. 2016;127(11):1426-1437)
Impact of Pain on Outcomes in Long‐Term Care Residents with and without Multiple Sclerosis

Objectives: To compare long‐term care (LTC) residents with and without multiple sclerosis (MS); to compare admission status of pain, physical disability, pressure ulcers, depression, and cognitive performance in LTC residents with and without MS; and to examine the impact of MS and pain on outcomes 90 and 180 days after LTC admission.
Haematopoietic stem cell differentiation promotes the release of prominin-1/CD133-containing membrane vesicles—a role of the endocytic–exocytic pathway

The differentiation of stem cells is a fundamental process in cell biology and understanding its mechanism might open a new avenue for therapeutic strategies. Using an ex vivo co‐culture system consisting of human primary haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells growing on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells as a feeder cell layer, we describe here the exosome‐mediated release of small membrane vesicles containing the stem and cancer stem cell marker prominin‐1 (CD133) during haematopoietic cell differentiation. Surprisingly, this contrasts with the budding mechanism underlying the release of this cholesterol‐binding protein from plasma membrane protrusions of neural progenitors. Nevertheless, in both progenitor cell types, protein–lipid assemblies might be the essential structural determinant in the release process of prominin‐1. Collectively, these data support the concept that prominin‐1‐containing lipid rafts may host key determinants necessary to maintain stem cell properties and their quantitative reduction or loss may result in cellular differentiation.
Smoking-gun signatures of little Higgs models

Little Higgs models predict new gauge bosons, fermions and scalars at the TeV scale that stabilize the Higgs mass against quadratically divergent one-loop radiative corrections. We categorize the many little Higgs models into two classes based on the structure of the extended electroweak gauge group and examine the experimental signatures that identify the little Higgs mechanism in addition to those that identify the particular little Higgs model. We find that by examining the properties of the new heavy fermion(s) at the LHC, one can distinguish the structure of the top quark mass generation mechanism and test the little Higgs mechanism in the top sector. Similarly, by studying the couplings of the new gauge bosons to the light Higgs boson and to the Standard Model fermions, one can confirm the little Higgs mechanism and determine the structure of the extended electroweak gauge group.
Placing faces: recollection and familiarity in the own-race bias for face recognition

The research presented in this thesis examined the roles of recollection and familiarity in the own-race bias (ORB) in recognition memory for faces. In Paper 1, Jacoby’s (1991) process-dissociation procedure was used to estimate the relative contributions of recollection and familiarity in recognizing own- and other-race faces. Recollection estimates were higher for own-race faces than for other-race faces, although this effect disappeared when deep or shallow encoding strategies were encouraged. In Paper 2, participants were shown to be less accurate at ignoring previously seen other-race distractors than own-race distractors. Papers 3 and 4 examined how accurately participants were able to remember contextual information about correctly recognized faces. In the encoding phase of an old/new recognition test, each target face was paired with one of several different backgrounds. At testing, old judgments were followed by context judgments, in which the participant attempted to identify with which background the face had been paired. The context judgments were consistently more accurate for correctly recognized own-race faces than for correctly recognized other-race faces. This effect was robust to experimental manipulations such as context reinstatement and divided attention. The overall conclusion from this thesis is that recollection is inferior for other-race faces compared to own-race faces. This recollection deficit means that it is more difficult to retrieve specific information about the circumstances in which other-race faces were encountered. The implications of this recollection deficit for real world behaviour are discussed, with particular reference to eyewitness memory.
Prediction of continuous B‐cell epitopes in an antigen using recurrent neural network

B‐cell epitopes play a vital role in the development of peptide vaccines, in diagnosis of diseases, and also for allergy research. Experimental methods used for characterizing epitopes are time consuming and demand large resources. The availability of epitope prediction method(s) can rapidly aid experimenters in simplifying this problem. The standard feed‐forward (FNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) have been used in this study for predicting B‐cell epitopes in an antigenic sequence. The networks have been trained and tested on a clean data set, which consists of 700 non‐redundant B‐cell epitopes obtained from Bcipep database and equal number of non‐epitopes obtained randomly from Swiss‐Prot database. The networks have been trained and tested at different input window length and hidden units. Maximum accuracy has been obtained using recurrent neural network (Jordan network) with a single hidden layer of 35 hidden units for window length of 16. The final network yields an overall prediction accuracy of 65.93% when tested by fivefold cross‐validation. The corresponding sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction values are 67.14, 64.71, and 65.61%, respectively. It has been observed that RNN (JE) was more successful than FNN in the prediction of B‐cell epitopes. The length of the peptide is also important in the prediction of B‐cell epitopes from antigenic sequences. The webserver ABCpred is freely available at www.imtech. res.in/raghava/abcpred/. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mining Context-Aware Significant Travel Sequences from Geotagged Social Media

Geotagged photos of users on social media site, i.e., Flickr provide plentiful location-based data, which has been exploited for location-based services, such as mapping geotags to places and recommendation of personalized landmarks. As users’ preferences to visit a location or multiple locations in a certain sequence could be affected by their current temporal, and weather context. This paper considers the problem of mining context-aware significant semantic travel sequences from geotagged photos.
Integrin Activation Through the Hematopoietic Adapter Molecule ADAP Regulates Dendritic Development of Hippocampal Neurons

Integrin-mediated cell adhesion and signaling is of critical importance for neuronal differentiation. Recent evidence suggests that an “inside-out” activation of β1-integrin, similar to that observed in hematopoietic cells, contributes to the growth and branching of dendrites. In this study, we investigated the role of the hematopoietic adaptor protein adhesion and degranulation promoting adapter protein (ADAP) in these processes. We demonstrate the expression of ADAP in the developing and adult nervous hippocampus, and in outgrowing dendrites of primary hippocampal neurons. We further show that ADAP occurs in a complex with another adaptor protein signal-transducing kinase-associated phosphoprotein-homolog (SKAP-HOM), with the Rap1 effector protein RAPL and the Hippo kinase macrophage-stimulating 1 (MST1), resembling an ADAP/SKAP module that has been previously described in T-cells and is critically involved in “inside-out” activation of integrins. Knock down of ADAP resulted in reduced expression of activated β1-integrin on dendrites. It furthermore reduced the differentiation of developing neurons, as indicated by reduced dendrite growth and decreased expression of the dendritic marker microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2). Our data suggest that an ADAP-dependent integrin-activation similar to that described in hematopoietic cells contributes to the differentiation of neuronal cells.
KURCS: Key Updating for Removing & replacement of Compromised Sensor Nodes from Wireless Sensor Networks

: A n energy efficient key management scheme is an important aspect to ensure secure services in resource constrained Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). There are two parts of key management scheme, i.e. key distribution and key revocation. Key distribution is the task to manage the key in such a way that if two or more sensors want to communicate with each other for the purpose of sharing the data or control messages, the key is to be made available to them only. The scheme should be energy efficient, as the sensor nodes in the network are resource constrained. However, Key revocation is the task of removing the compromised sensors from the network to restrict such nodes to participate in further communications to avoid any kind of interference or disturbance in communication process. In this paper, we first review and summarize the current key revocation schemes. Then, we present an energy efficient key revocation scheme for removing compromised sensor nodes from the networks. Unlike most key removal schemes focus on removing the compromised node from the network for this purpose these schemes redistribute the keys or keying material to each and every node in the network. But the proposed scheme, Key Updating for Removing & replacement of Compromised Sensor nodes from Wireless Sensor Networks (KURCS), uses key updating techniques to update the keys of few sensors that are uncompromised not in the entire networks thus removes compromised sensor from the network. Simulation result proves that the proposed scheme is energy efficient and performs better than other comparable schemes in the literature without increasing the communication overheads.