Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Social Network Model Based on Caveman Network

The study suggests a model for social network based on a caveman network. The model we propose can fit the following two properties: (1) `small-world property' which has high clustering coefficient, and (2) `scale-free property' which has power law degree distribution. In addition, the model is modified to match the s-metric property. The s-metric property provides a new viewpoint of scale-free network which was proposed last year. In this study, we calculate the smax in two ways: one is `simple graph' and another is not limited to simple graph. We believe `simple graph' is reasonable in smax property for social network.
CS-04-09 Extracting Lexical Relations from Biomedical Text : Learning Parts and Wholes

Lexical relations organise and structure vocabulary. They reflect relations in the real world. Meronymy is the lexical relation between a word representing a part, and a word representing a whole, such as (finger partOf hand). Meronymy is of special importance in biomedicine: structure and process are organised along partitive axes. Anatomy, for example, is rich in part-whole relations. This importance is reflected in the modelling of meronymy in several biomedical knowledge resource. Much research has been carried out on the extraction of taxonomies (isA or kindOf relations) from text. Very little research has applied the same techniques to meronymy, and where it has been carried out, it has been limited in one way or another. This report examines meronymy and its place in biomedicine, reviews earlier work on part-whole extraction, and proposes extensions to it. Notational Conventions Relations between lexical items Lexical items will be shown in typewriter text, with their semantic types (where shown) in square brackets and [small caps], and lexical relations between them in italics. For example, bridge[body part] partOf nose[body part] Incorrect examples will be preceded by a ? For example, ? bridge[artificial structure] partOf nose[body part] Co-referents will be underlined. For example, If there are co-referents in some text, they will be underlined. Hyponymy and Hyperonymy may be shown by the symbols ⊂ and ⊃ . For example, dog ⊂ animal ⊃ cat Meronymy and Holonymy may be shown by the symbols ≺ and . For example, wheel ≺ bicycle chain Not meronymy and Not Holonymy may be shown by the symbols 6≺ and 6 . For example, finger 6≺ knee 6 toe
Obscured asymptotic giant branch variables in the Large Magellanic Cloud and the period–luminosity relation

The characteristics of oxygen-rich and carbon-rich, large amplitude (�K > 0.4 mag), asymptotic giant branch variables in the Large Magellanic Clouds are discussed, with an emphasis on those obscured by dust. Near-infrared photometry, obtained over about 8 years, is combined with published mid-infrared observations from IRAS and ISO to determine bolometric magnitudes for 42 stars. Pulsation periods of the O-rich stars are in the range 116 0.6 mag, secular or very long period variations which may be associated with changes in their mass-loss rates. We discuss and compare various methods of determining the bolometric magnitudes and show, perhaps surprisingly, that most of the very long period stars seem to follow an extrapolation of the periodluminosity relation determined for stars with shorter periods - although the details do depend on how the bolometric magnitudes are calculated. Three stars with thin shells, which are clearly more luminous than the obscured AGB stars, are undergoing hot bottom burning, while other stars with similar luminosities have yet to be investigated in sufficient detail to determine their status in this regard. We suggest that an apparent change in slope of the period luminosity relation around 400-420 days is caused by variables with luminosities brighter than the predictions of the core-mass luminosity relation, due to excess flux from hot bottom burning.
PSS Design of the Combined Cycle Power Station (CCPS)

The paper presents the project to Power System Stabilizer applied to the generators of the gas turbines of Combined Cycle Power Station. The project developed used MATLAB software for the stabilizer’s parameters calculation. The calculation was gotten from the linear model based on a machine connected on an infinite-bus. The stabilizers had been used to increase the machine eletromechanic oscillation damping. The model’s validation was given for disturbances simulation as load step and lines open. The calculated parameters were compared with that are implemented in field and the ones that are supplied by the manufacturer. The results show that it is possible to improve the power system dynamic performance with this modeling.
Guarding the Guardians: Civil-Military Relations and Democratic Governance in Africa

Contents: Introduction Conceptual and theoretical issues Civil-military relations in Africa Explaining army intrusion in African politics: an on-going debate The African military and modernization The performance of civilian and military regimes: a comparative assessment Towards new civil-military relations in Africa Legitimacy and democratic oversight of security sector in Africa Conclusion Bibliography Index.
A New Approach Based on Cumulants for Estimating Financial Regression Models with Errors in the Variables: the Fama and French Model Revisited

This paper proposes to revisit both the CAPM and the three-factor model of Fama and French (1993) in presence of errors in the variables. To reduce the bias induced by measurement and specification errors, we transpose to the cost of equity an estimator based on cumulants of order three and four initially developed by Dagenais and Dagenais (1997) and lated generalized to financial models by Racicot (2003). Our results show that our technique has great and significant consequences on the measure of the cost of equity. We obtain ipso facto a new estimator of the Jensen alpha.
Impact of Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Combination Therapy on the Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B

AbstractMonotherapy with telbivudine or adefovir can affect estimated the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, only a few studies have assessed changes in eGFR in patients who have chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and are receiving nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) combination therapy. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term NA combination therapy on eGFR in Chinese CHB patients.This retrospective study included 195 CHB patients. Patient subgroups included those treated with lamivudine plus adefovir (n = 73), telbivudine plus adefovir (n = 51), and entecavir plus adefovir (n = 35); untreated patients (n = 36) served as a control group.After an average follow-up duration of 24 months with combination therapy, analysis of changes in eGFR from baseline values, calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulas, showed decrease by11.08 and 18.34 mL/min (P < .001), respectively, in the lamivudine plus adefovir group; decrease by 3.73 and 10.04 mL/min (P = .012), respectively, in the entecavir plus adefovir group; and increase by 0.91 and 2.12 mL/min (P = .46), respectively, in the telbivudine plus adefovir group. The eGFR in the telbivudine plus adefovir group was similar to that for the untreated group. The eGFR decreases due to adefovir therapy could be rescued by adding telbivudine, and the eGFR increase due to telbivudine could be compromised by adding adefovir.Adefovir in combination with lamivudine or entecavir therapy was significantly associated with decreased eGFR, but telbivudine could rescue the eGFR decrease that results from adefovir treatment.
Towards a multi-agent based architecture to simulate the reality of a stock exchange market

In this paper, the initial steps of the development process of an agent-based architecture used to simulate the reality of a stock exchange market are provided. This architecture includes a representation of all market participants from investors to floor traders. There are five main modules in the proposed architecture: an information retrieval and ontology module which extracts online market news and data, a knowledge base which includes portfolios compositions, a strategy and planning module used as an analysis tool, a learning module based on market historical data where agents learn market behavior and tendencies, and finally a decision making module with which agents make decisions on buying and selling of stocks. The information retrieval and ontology module is then detailed to show the proposed ontology representing the financial news. This architecture can be used to develop simulation platforms for stock markets.
Design of observers and certainty equivalence controllers for differential inclusions: a passivity approach

This paper deals with the design of state observers for a class of systems with set-valued right-hand-sides. Two main classes of set-valued mappings are considered: maximal monotone and time-invariant; or normal cones to possibly time-varying sets (not necessarily convex). Such controlled systems can be embedded in various kinds of differential inclusions with absolutely continuous and bounded variation solutions (inclusions with maximal monotone multivalued mappings, and the perturbed Moreau's sweeping process), using a suitable state space transformation. The well-posedness properties of the observers dynamics are carefully analyzed. The stability of the observation error is proved. Then the problem of stabilization with a feedback control using the estimated state is studied in a particular case. Most of the results rely on rendering some suitable operator dissipative (or SPR in the linear case).
Novel fast confluence adaptive algorithm for independent component analysis

Independent component analysis (ICA) is a statistical signal processing technique which is used for separation of original signals from their mixtures. In this paper, a novel adaptive optimization algorithm is proposed to increase the convergence speed of the ICA algorithm. Adaptively changing the weight vector based on the fitness value increases the convergence speed of the algorithm. The use of Shuffled frog Leap optimizations (SFLO) ensures the convergence of the algorithm to a global optimum. The proposed Fast confluence Adaptive Evolutionary ICA algorithm (FCA-ICA) is compared with ICA based on SFLO and Fast ICA. Performance comparison shows that FCA-ICA shows improved performance over SFLO-ICA and Fast ICA. The complexity of these ICA techniques is reduced by using modularity, hierarchy and parallelism concepts. Floating point IEEE single-precision representation is used for all the ICA manipulations for improving the accuracy and dynamic range of the signal. The proposed FCAICA processor separates the sub-Gaussian signals from their mixtures with maximum operating frequency of 2.91 MHz. The area power and timing analysis are done with ALTERA FPGA and reports are discussed.
Embryonic cerebrospinal fluid collaborates with the isthmic organizer to regulate mesencephalic gene expression

Early in development, the behavior of neuroepithelial cells is controlled by several factors acting in a developmentally regulated manner. Recently it has been shown that diffusible factors contained within embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) promote neuroepithelial cell survival, proliferation, and neurogenesis in mesencephalic explants lacking any known organizing center. In this paper, we show that mesencephalic and mesencephalic + isthmic organizer explants cultured only with basal medium do not express the typically expressed mesencephalic or isthmic organizer genes analyzed (otx2 and fgf8, respectively) and that mesencephalic explants cultured with embryonic CSF‐supplemented medium do effect such expression, although they exhibit an altered pattern of gene expression, including ectopic shh expression domains. Other trophic sources that are able to maintain normal neuroepithelial cell behavior, i.e., fibroblast growth factor‐2, fail to activate this ectopic shh expression. Conversely, the expression pattern of the analyzed genes in mesencephalic + isthmic organizer explants cultured with embryonic cerebrospinal fluid‐supplemented medium mimics the pattern for control embryos developed in ovo. We demonstrate that embryonic CSF collaborates with the isthmic organizer in regulation of the expression pattern of some characteristic neuroectodermal genes during early stages of central nervous system (CNS) development, and we suggest that this collaboration is not restricted to the maintenance of neuroepithelial cell survival. Data reported in this paper corroborate the hypothesis that factors contained within embryonic CSF contribute to the patterning of the CNS during early embryonic development. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Context-Aware Recommendation Using Pattern Discovery in Ubiquitous Computing

Ubiquitous computing requires an intelligent environment and context-aware recommendations. This paper describes context-aware recommendations using pattern discovery in ubiquitous computing. The proposed method recommends information that may be useful without requiring any action on the part of the user by changing the user’s context. To recommend information, we discovered interesting patterns between past experiences and the current context. We explained the process, the algorithms and gave an example. Several experiments were performed and the results showed that our method has a good recommendation performance.
Adaptive Scaffolding in an Intelligent Game-Based Learning Environment for Computer Science

Recent years have seen growing interest in intelligent game-based learning environments that simultaneously provide intelligent tutoring systems’ adaptive pedagogical functionalities and promote learners’ engagement through the rich narratives and situated challenges of games. A key research question posed by game-based learning is how to deliver effective adaptive scaffolding to support tailored learning processes for individual students. This paper discusses adaptive pedagogical strategies in the context of introducing computer science principles to middle school students. We explore two adaptive scaffolding strategies: (1) adaptive task selection based on students’ problem-solving performance, and (2) adaptive hint generation by exploring the problem’s solution space. Furthermore, we present specific approaches that leverage dynamic Bayesian networks and solution spaces to achieve each of these.
Approximating subdivision for quadrilateral nets with 4-valence topology

In the paper, a new approximating subdivision scheme is presented for quadrilateral nets with 4-valence topology which generates the limit surface of C/sup 1/ in the limit at the regular face and quasi-tangent plane continuous at the irregular region. The main advantage of the scheme comparing with other algorithms is limit surfaces generated by the scheme can hold the shape of initial control polyhedra better than others. So, the criterion satisfies important requirements for practical applications in computer graphics and engineering.
Corlor Names based scale-adaptive object tracking

In this paper, we address the problem of tracking drift and failure due to background clustering, illumination and scale changes. To resolve these problems, we propose an efficient model that project original RGB color space to a more robust color space-Color Names feature space. Furthermore, we represent objects by background weighted histograms, and thus suppress the similar background around. Moreover, we adapt a two-step tuning way to estimate the scale by coarse tuning with gradient ascent and fine tuning with constrained items. Back-forward scale check is used to ensure the precision of scale estimation. The results show that our approach is robust to background clustering, illumination variation, partial occlusion, and viewpoint changes.
A comparative analysis of the impact of accounting differences on profits and return on equity

The purpose of this paper is to make a quantitative comparative analysis of differences between Swedish accounting practice and US GAAP. The empirical data consisted of eighty-four US GAAP reconciliations of income statements and shareholders' equity, disclosed in Swedish annual reports during 1981-90. Prior qualitative research has suggested that Swedish accounting practice is conservative compared with that in the USA. However, the empirical analysis of profits and return on equity provided little support for this hypothesis. Instead, there were indications of a less conservative accounting treatment in the Swedish accounts compared with US GAAP. The most material differences between Swedish profits and those calculated using US GAAP were caused by differences in treatment of foreign currency translation, income taxes, sale and leaseback transactions and business combinations.
Compact modeling of flash memory cells including substrate-bias-dependent hot-electron gate current

We propose a compact model for flash memory cells that is suitable for SPICE simulation. The model includes a hot-electron gate current model that considers not only Channel Hot Electron (CHE) injection but also CHannel Initiated Secondary ELectron (CHISEL) injection to express properly substrate bias dependence. Simulation results of both programming and erasing characteristics for 130 nm-technology flash memory cells indicate that our model is useful in designing and optimizing circuit for flash memories.
Detecting Advertisement Module Network Behavior with Graph Modeling

Android applications are widely used and many are 'free' applications which include advertisement (ad) modules that provide ad services and track user behavior statistics. However, these ad modules often collect users' personal information and device identification numbers along with usage statistics, which is a violation of privacy. In our analysis of 1,188 Android applications' network traffic, we identified 797 applications that included 45 previously known ad modules. We analyzed these ad modules' network behavior, and found that they have characteristic network traffic patterns for acquiring ad content, specifically images. In order to accurately differentiate between ad modules' network traffic and valid application network traffic, we propose a novel method based on the distance between network traffic graphs mapping the relationships between HTTP session data (such as HTML or Java Script). This distance describes the similarity between the sessions. Using this method, we can detect ad modules' traffic by comparing session graphs with the graphs of already known ad modules. In our evaluation, we generated 20,903 graphs of applications. We separated the application graphs into those generated by known ad modules (4,698 graphs), those we manually identified as ad modules (2,000 graphs), and standard application traffic. We then applied 1,000 graphs of known ad graphs to the other graph sets (the remaining 3,698 known ad graphs and the 2,000 manually classified ad graphs) to see how accurately they could be used to identify ad graphs. Our approach showed a 76% detection rate for known ad graphs, and a 96% detection rate for manually classified ad graphs.
Closed-String Tachyon Condensation and the On-Shell Effective Action of Open-String Tachyons

We study how the effect of closed-string tachyon condensation can enter into the on-shell effective action of open-string tachyons in the bosonic case. We also consider open-string one-loop quantum corrections to the on-shell action. We use a sigma-model approach with boundary terms, and we utilize some results of boundary string field theory (BSFT) to define the on-shell effective action. We regard D-instanton-like objects with appropriate weight as closed-string tachyon tadpoles, and we insert them into worldsheets to analyze the effect of closed-string tachyons.
Forecasting Inflation in the Euro Area

In order to provide medium run forecasts of headline and core HICP inflation for the euro area, we assess the usefulness of dynamic factor models. We use Stock and Watson's (1999) out-of-sample methodology for models estimated over the 1988:1-2002:3 period, with balanced and unbalanced panels. We provide evidence that factors alone or combined with indicators help improve upon the simple Autoregressive (AR) model for forecasting HICP core inflation as well total inflation, if one refers to the usual criterion of "Relative MSE" together with its standard deviation. However, regarding total HICP we do not produce forecasts that are totally satisfactory in the sense of being capable of recognizing the 1999-2000 upturn in inflation in a timely manner. But, from that point of view, the construction of a ''synthetic core'' indicator helps achieve significantly better forecasts over a 12-month horizon than the AR model for total inflation for the final part of the sample. We also show that the results are rather robust to potential data-snooping.
Reentrant Statecharts for Concurrent Real-Time Systems

In this paper, we present novel notions of reentrant state machines and reentrant statecharts, which are extensions of traditional state machines and statecharts with the addition of concurrent syntax and semantics. Reentrant state machines can provide efficient concurrency support for statechart-based real-time tasks by interleaving the execution of concurrent tasks. With its well-defined syntax and semantics, the reentrant state machine is able to switch among tasks on an eventby-event basis. By keeping track of task-specific information about concurrent tasks, the reentrant state machine can ensure correct order-dependent state transitions for each individual task. Based on the notion of reentrant state machines, reentrant statecharts provide a compact and highly expressive means for constructing detailed concurrent behavior models.
Captive Rearing Experiments Confirm Song Development without Learning in a Tracheophone Suboscine Bird

The origin of vocal learning in animals has long been the subject of debate, but progress has been limited by uncertainty regarding the distribution of learning mechanisms across the tree of life, even for model systems such as birdsong. In particular, the importance of learning is well known in oscine songbirds, but disputed in suboscines. Members of this diverse group (∼1150 species) are generally assumed not to learn their songs, but empirical evidence is scarce, with previous studies restricted to the bronchophone (non-tracheophone) clade. Here, we conduct the first experimental study of song development in a tracheophone suboscine bird by rearing spotted antbird (Hylophylax naevioides) chicks in soundproofed aviaries. Individuals were raised either in silence with no tutor or exposed to standardized playback of a heterospecific tutor. All individuals surviving to maturity took a minimum of 79 days to produce a crystallized version of adult song, which in all cases was indistinguishable from wild song types of their own species. These first insights into song development in tracheophone suboscines suggest that adult songs are innate rather than learnt. Given that empirical evidence for song learning in suboscines is restricted to polygamous and lek-mating species, whereas tracheophone suboscines are mainly monogamous with long-term social bonds, our results are consistent with the view that sexual selection promotes song learning in birds.