Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increased Proliferation and Altered Growth Factor Dependence of Human Mammary Epithelial Cells Overexpressing the Gab2 Docking Protein*

The docking protein Gab2 is a proto-oncogene product that is overexpressed in primary breast cancers. To determine the functional consequences of Gab2 overexpression, we utilized the immortalized human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. In monolayer culture, expression of Gab2 at levels comparable with those detected in human breast cancer cells accelerated epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell cycle progression and was associated with increased basal Stat5 tyrosine phosphorylation and enhanced and/or more sustained EGF-induced Erk and Akt activation. Three-dimensional Matrigel culture of MCF-10A cells resulted in the formation of polarized, growth-arrested acini with hollow lumina. Under these conditions, Gab2 increased cell proliferation during morphogenesis, leading to significantly larger acini, an effect dependent on Gab2 binding to Grb2 and Shp2 and enhanced by recruitment of the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Pharmacological inhibition of MEK revealed that, in addition to direct activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, increased Erk signaling also contributed to Gab2-mediated enhancement of acinar size. In addition, Gab2 overcame the proliferative suppression that normally occurs in late stage cultures and conferred independence of the morphogenetic program from exogenous EGF. Finally, higher levels of Gab2 expression led to the formation of large disorganized structures with defective luminal clearance. These findings support a role for Gab2 in mammary tumorigenesis.
The von Neumann Entropy of Networks

We normalize the combinatorial Laplacian of a graph by the degree sum, look at its eigenvalues as a probability distribution and then study its Shannon entropy. Equivalently, we represent a graph with a quantum mechanical state and study its von Neumann entropy. At the graph-theoretic level, this quantity may be interpreted as a measure of regularity; it tends to be larger in relation to the number of connected components, long paths and nontrivial symmetries. When the set of vertices is asymptotically large, we prove that regular graphs and the complete graph have equal entropy, and specifically it turns out to be maximum. On the other hand, when the number of edges is fixed, graphs with large cliques appear to minimize the entropy.
Retinal vein thrombosis: pathogenesis and management

Summary. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. Owing to its multifactorial nature, however, management of this condition remains a challenge. Of the two main types of RVO, branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is more prevalent than central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Most patients develop the disease at an elderly age, and more than half of them have associated systemic disorders (e.g. hypertension, hyperlipidemia and/or diabetes mellitus). There is no evidence to suggest routine testing for heritable thrombophilias in patients with RVO. The main cause of the visual impairment is macular edema, while neovascularization of the retina and optic disc are the most serious complications leading to vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and neovascular glaucoma. Macular grid laser photocoagulation is an effective treatment for macular edema in patients with BRVO and a visual acuity of 20/40 or less. Other treatment options for reducing the edema are intravitreal steroids, anti‐VEGF drugs and vitrectomy. The recently introduced intravitreal application of steroids and anti‐VEGF drugs may prove to be a better approach for improving visual acuity. Finally, scatter panretinal laserphotocoagulation can effectively treat neovascularization and its secondary complications.
Activation of silenced transgene expression in neural precursor cell lines by inhibitors of histone deacetylation

Ex vivo gene therapy in the central nervous system (CNS) holds great promise for diseases such as the neurodegenerative disorders. However, achieving stable, long‐term transgene expression in grafted cells has proven problematic. This study reports the establishment of an in vitro model of transgene down‐regulation in cells grafted to the CNS using the immortalized neural progenitor cell lines HiB5 and RN33B.
Energy analysis of public-key cryptography for wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we quantify the energy cost of authentication and key exchange based on public-key cryptography on an 8-bit microcontroller platform. We present a comparison of two public-key algorithms, RSA and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), and consider mutual authentication and key exchange between two untrusted parties such as two nodes in a wireless sensor network. Our measurements on an Atmel ATmega128L low-power microcontroller indicate that public-key cryptography is very viable on 8-bit energy-constrained platforms even if implemented in software. We found ECC to have a significant advantage over RSA as it reduces computation time and also the amount of data transmitted and stored.
Pragmatic Prospection: How and Why People Think about the Future

In the present, the past is more knowable than the future—but people think far more about the future than the past. Both facts derive from the principle that the future can be changed whereas the past cannot. Our theory of pragmatic prospection holds that people think about the future so as to guide actions to bring about desirable outcomes. It proposes that thoughts about the future begin by imagining what one wants to happen, which is thus initially optimistic. A second stage of such prospective thinking maps out how to bring that about, and this stage is marked by consideration of obstacles, requisite steps, and other potential problems, and so it tends toward cautious realism and even pessimism. Pragmatic prospection presents a form of teleology, in which brains can anticipate possible future events and use those cognitions to guide behavior. Toward that end, it invokes meaning, consistent with evidence that thinking about the future is highly meaningful. Prospection often has narrative structure, involving a series of events in a temporal sequence linked together by meaning. Emotion is useful for evaluating different simulations of possible future events and plans. Prospection is socially learned and rests on socially constructed scaffolding for the future (e.g., future dates). Planning is perhaps the most common form of prospection, and it exemplifies all aspects of our theory (including pragmatic utility, meaning, teleological and narrative structure, and sociality). Bracing for bad news and defensive pessimism are strategies that inspire adaptive responses to feared outcomes.
Bayesian Multitask Distance Metric Learning

We present a Bayesian approach for jointly learning distanc e metrics for a large collection of potentially related learning tasks. We assum e there exists a relatively smaller set ofbasis distance metrics and the distance metric for each task is asparse, positively weighted combination of these basis distance m etrics. The set of basis distance metrics and the combination weights ar e le ned from data. Moreover, taking a nonparametric Bayesian approach, the nu mber of basis distance metrics need not be set a priori. Our proposed construction significantly reduces the number of parameters to be learned, especially w hen the number of tasks and/or data dimensionality is large. Several exist ing methods for multitask/transfer distance metric learning arise as special ca ses of our model. Preliminary results on real-world data show that our model outperfo rms various baselines. We also discuss some possible extensions of our model and fut ure work.
Quality and safety in medical care: what does the future hold?

CONTEXT The rapid changes in health care policy, embracing quality and safety mandates, have culminated in programs and initiatives under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. OBJECTIVE To review the context of, and anticipated quality and patient safety mandates for, delivery systems, incentives under health care reform, and models for future accountability for outcomes of care. DESIGN Assessment of the provisions of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, other reform efforts, and reform initiatives focusing on future quality and safety provisions for health care providers. RESULTS Health care reform and other efforts focus on consumerism in the context of price. Quality and safety efforts will be structured using financial incentives, best-practices research, and new delivery models that focus on reaching benchmarks while reducing costs. In addition, patient experience will be a key component of reimbursement, and a move toward "retail" approaches directed at the individual patient may supplant traditional "wholesale" efforts at attracting employers. CONCLUSIONS Quality and safety have always been of prime importance in medicine. However, in the future, under health care reform and associated initiatives, a shift in the paradigm of medicine will integrate quality and safety measurement with financial incentives and a new emphasis on consumerism.
Not So Black and White

SUMMARY Racism is deeply entrenched in American culture and can be unintentionally perpetuated by the same social institutions that strive to help people overcome painful obstacles in their lives. Mental health professionals understand the need to address environmental and social forces when working with individuals and families. Unfortunately, the full meaning and impact of racism can be misunderstood or minimized by practitioners who are guided by “White-Centric” theories. The dynamics of oppression can inhibit the type of deep and honest discussion that can uncover racism embedded in the institution. This article explores the process of understanding and using an antiracist framework to inform staff team building in a domestic violence shelter in New York City.
Scalings and Asymptotics of Coherent Vortices in Protoplanetary Disks

Gas that is transported radially inward from the outer edge of an accretion disk and onto a forming central star must be in a nearly Keplerian orbit at all radii. To do this, it must give up part of its angular momentum and energy to the ambient gas, which in turn advects angular momentum outward via a secondary flow. Here, we set up the numerical calculation for computing this flow by obtaining simplified sets of 3D, asymptotic equations that are well-posed and can be computed by the same techniques that are used for the 3D, anelastic Euler equation. The asymptotics allow an easy parameterization of the unknown equations of energy and state and boundary conditions. It is shown analytically that the required mass and angular momentum transport cannot occur if the protoplanetary disk is barotropic. However, a small baroclinicity allows it. Scale analysis shows that if 20% of the protoplanetary disk is filled with vortices, then the required transport can occur with a large enough radially inward mass flux to satisfy the astronomical observations.
Clinical and genetic studies in a family with a novel mutation in the sepiapterin reductase gene

Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is a rare, but treatable inherited disorder of tetrahydrobiopterin and neurotransmitter metabolism. This disorder is most probably underdiagnosed. To date, only 44 cases have been described in the literature. We present the clinical and genetic investigations in a family with a complex movement disorder.
Design and compilation of a specialized Spanish-German parallel corpus

This paper discusses the design and compilation of the TRIS corpus, a specialized parallel corpus of Spanish and German texts. It will be used for phraseological research aimed at improving statistical machine translation. The corpus is based on the European database of Technical Regulations Information System (TRIS), containing 995 original documents written in German and Spanish and their translations into Spanish and German respectively. This parallel corpus is under development and the first version with 97 aligned file pairs was released in the first META-NORD upload of metadata and resources in November 2011. The second version of the corpus, described in the current paper, contains 205 file pairs which have been completely aligned at sentence level, which account for approximately 1,563,000 words and 70,648 aligned sentence pairs.
In Vivo Generation and Characterization of a Soluble Form of the Semliki Forest Virus Fusion Protein

ABSTRACT During infection of host cells, a number of enveloped animal viruses are known to produce soluble forms of viral membrane glycoproteins lacking the transmembrane domain. The roles of such soluble glycoproteins in viral life cycles are incompletely understood, but in several cases they are believed to modulate host immune response and viral pathogenesis. Semliki Forest virus (SFV) is an enveloped alphavirus that infects cells through low-pH-dependent fusion and buds from the plasma membrane. Fusion is mediated by the E1 subunit of the SFV spike protein. Previous studies described the in vivo generation of E1s, a truncated soluble form of E1, under conditions in which budding is inhibited in mammalian host cells. We have here examined the properties of E1s generation and the biological activity of E1s. E1s cleavage required spike protein transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum and was independent of virus infection. Cell surface E1 efficiently acted as a precursor for E1s. E1s generation was strongly pH dependent in BHK cells, with optimal cleavage at a pH of ≤7.0, conditions that inhibited the budding of SFV but not the budding of the rhabdovirus vesicular stomatitis virus. The pH dependence of E1s production and SFV budding was unaffected by the stability of the spike protein dimer but was a function of the host cell. Similar to the intact virus and in vitro-generated E1 ectodomain, treatment of E1s at low pH in the presence of target membranes triggered specific acid-dependent conformational changes. Thus, under a variety of conditions, SFV-infected cells can produce a soluble form of E1 that is biologically active.
Anger Rumination as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Aggression: The Utility of a Multidimensional Mindfulness Model.

OBJECTIVES Mindfulness training reduces anger and aggression, but the mechanisms of these effects are unclear. Mindfulness may reduce anger expression and hostility via reductions in anger rumination, a process of thinking repetitively about angry episodes that increases anger. Previous research supports this theory but used measures of general rumination and assessed only the present-centered awareness component of mindfulness. The present study investigated associations between various aspects of mindfulness, anger rumination, and components of aggression. METHOD The present study used self-report measures of these constructs in a cross-sectional sample of 823 students. RESULTS Structural equation modeling revealed that anger rumination accounts for a significant component of the relationship between mindfulness and aggression, with the largest effect sizes demonstrated for the nonjudgment of inner experiences facet of mindfulness. CONCLUSION Nonjudgment and present-centered awareness may influence aggression via reduced anger rumination. The importance of examining mindfulness as a multidimensional construct is discussed.
8-6-2011 Suggestion Mining from Customer Reviews

The increasing online content has influenced users’ buying behavior. It has triggered a paradigm shift in marketing strategies, as the consumer is no longer swayed by marketers, instead relying on user comments for a particular product or service. This paper focuses on extracting information from feedbacks like suggestions and recommendation by the users that is often present along with the sentiment. While Sentiment Analysis looks at extraction of consumer sentiment, our focus is on extracting actionable feedback present in the text for use by different stakeholders like business analysts and the customer. Our focus is on mining the key suggestions present in text which would benefit the product developer. We present our results and observations in the paper.
Natural magnetogenesis from inflation

We consider the gravitational generation of the massive Z-boson field of the standard model, due to the natural breaking of its conformal invariance during inflation. The electroweak symmetry restoration at the end of inflation turns the almost scale-invariant superhorizon Z-spectrum into a hypermagnetic field, which transforms into a regular magnetic field at the electroweak phase transition. The mechanism is generic and is shown to generate a superhorizon spectrum of the form B~1/L on a length-scale L regardless of the choice of inflationary model. Scaled to the epoch of galaxy formation such a field suffices to trigger the galactic dynamo and explain the observed galactic magnetic fields in the case of a spatially flat, dark energy dominated Universe with GUT-scale inflation. The possibility of further amplification of the generated field by preheating is also investigated. To this end we study a model of Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation with a Flipped SU(5) grand unified symmetry group.
A Presynaptic Role of Microtubule-Associated Protein 1/Futsch in Drosophila: Regulation of Active Zone Number and Neurotransmitter Release

Structural microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), like MAP1, not only control the stability of microtubules, but also interact with postsynaptic proteins in the nervous system. Their presynaptic role has barely been studied. To tackle this question, we used the Drosophila model in which there is only one MAP1 homolog: Futsch, which is expressed at the larval neuromuscular junction, presynaptically only. We show that Futsch regulates neurotransmitter release and active zone density. Importantly, we provide evidence that this role of Futsch is not just the consequence of its microtubule-stabilizing function. Using high-resolution microscopy, we show that Futsch and microtubules are almost systematically present in close proximity to active zones, with Futsch being localized in-between microtubules and active zones. Using proximity ligation assays, we further demonstrate the proximity of Futsch, but not microtubules, to active zone components. Altogether our data are in favor of a model by which Futsch locally stabilizes active zones, by reinforcing their link with the underlying microtubule cytoskeleton.
Characterization of H9N2 influenza A viruses isolated from chicken products imported into Japan from China

We characterized eleven H9N2 influenza A viruses isolated from chicken products imported from China. Genetically they were classified into six distinct genotypes, including five already known genotypes and one novel genotype. This suggested that such multiple genotypes of the H9N2 virus have possibly already become widespread and endemic in China. Two isolates have amino-acid substitutions that confer resistance to amantadine in the M2 region, and this supported the evidence that this mutation might be a result of the wide application of amantadine for avian influenza treatment in China. These findings emphasize the importance of surveillance for avian influenza virus in this region, and of quarantining imported chicken products as potential sources for the introduction of influenza virus.
The conative connection : uncovering the link between who you are and how you perform

A critically acclaimed bestseller in hardcover, The Conative Connection introduces the rediscovery of "conation", the domain of the mind that dictat es how we act. Kolbe has developed a simple method to quantify an individual's approach to action, and she shows how to harness rather than work against innate and highly individual creative instincts.
Embedded face detection implementation

In this communication an embedded implementation of the Viola-Jones face detection algorithm targeting low frequency, low memory, and low power consumption, is presented. The design methodology, performance analysis and algorithm optimization in order to accelerate the face detection process, will be described. The resulted implementation is platform independent and achieves on average a 3 times detection speed up.
A novel biasing scheme for I-MOS (impact-ionization MOS) devices

A novel biasing scheme for impact-ionization metal-oxide semiconductor (I-MOS) devices was proposed based on the physics of the device, which features negative biasing at the source region. To confirm the proposed idea, we have simulated an I-MOS whose gate length is 130 nm. According to the simulation results, by increasing the value of the reverse source-to-body bias, we can enhance the electrical characteristics of I-MOS devices. With the source bias of -6.5 V, a 130-nm I-MOS has a threshold voltage of 0.19 V, a subthreshold swing of 3 mV/dec, and a drain induced current enhancement of 20 mV/V. The proposed biasing scheme will make the I-MOS more useful and lead it to act as an ideal switch.
Synergism between soluble guanylate cyclase signaling and neuropeptides extends lifespan in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Oxygen (O2) homeostasis is important for all aerobic animals. However, the manner by which O2 sensing and homeostasis contribute to lifespan regulation is poorly understood. Here, we use the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to address this question. We demonstrate that a loss‐of‐function mutation in the neuropeptide receptor gene npr‐1 and a deletion mutation in the atypical soluble guanylate cyclase gcy‐35 O2 sensor interact synergistically to extend worm lifespan. The function of npr‐1 and gcy‐35 in the O2‐sensing neurons AQR, PQR, and URX shortens the lifespan of the worm. By contrast, the activity of the atypical soluble guanylate cyclase O2 sensor gcy‐33 in these neurons is crucial for lifespan extension. In addition to AQR, PQR, and URX, we show that the O2‐sensing neuron BAG and the interneuron RIA are also important for the lifespan lengthening. Neuropeptide processing by the proprotein convertase EGL‐3 is essential for lifespan extension, suggesting that the synergistic effect of joint loss of function of gcy‐35 and npr‐1 is mediated through neuropeptide signal transduction. The extended lifespan is regulated by hypoxia and insulin signaling pathways, mediated by the transcription factors HIF‐1 and DAF‐16. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to play an important function in lifespan lengthening. As HIF‐1 and DAF‐16 activities are modulated by ROS, we speculate that joint loss of function of gcy‐35 and npr‐1 extends lifespan through ROS signaling.
A Novel Cache-Utilization-Based Dynamic Voltage-Frequency Scaling Mechanism for Reliability Enhancements

We propose a cache architecture using a 7T/14T SRAM (Fujiwara et al., 2009) and a control mechanism for reliability enhancements. Our control mechanism differs from conventional dynamic voltage-frequency scaling (DVFS) methods in that it considers not only the cycles per instruction behaviors but also the cache utilization. To measure cache utilization, a novel metric is proposed. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves 1000 times less bit-error occurrences compared with conventional DVFS methods under the ultralow-voltage operation. Moreover, the results indicate that our proposed method surprisingly not only incurs no performance and energy overheads but also achieves on average a 2.10% performance improvement and a 6.66% energy reduction compared with conventional DVFS methods.