Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
pH Gradient-Induced Heterogeneity of Fe(III)-Reducing Microorganisms in Coal Mining-Associated Lake Sediments

ABSTRACT Lakes formed because of coal mining are characterized by low pH and high concentrations of Fe(II) and sulfate. The anoxic sediment is often separated into an upper acidic zone (pH 3; zone I) with large amounts of reactive iron and a deeper slightly acidic zone (pH 5.5; zone III) with smaller amounts of iron. In this study, the impact of pH on the Fe(III)-reducing activities in both of these sediment zones was investigated, and molecular analyses that elucidated the sediment microbial diversity were performed. Fe(II) was formed in zone I and III sediment microcosms at rates that were approximately 710 and 895 nmol cm−3 day−1, respectively. A shift to pH 5.3 conditions increased Fe(II) formation in zone I by a factor of 2. A shift to pH 3 conditions inhibited Fe(II) formation in zone III. Clone libraries revealed that the majority of the clones from both zones (approximately 44%) belonged to the Acidobacteria phylum. Since moderately acidophilic Acidobacteria species have the ability to oxidize Fe(II) and since Acidobacterium capsulatum reduced Fe oxides at pHs ranging from 2 to 5, this group appeared to be involved in the cycling of iron. PCR products specific for species related to Acidiphilium revealed that there were higher numbers of phylotypes related to cultured Acidiphilium or Acidisphaera species in zone III than in zone I. From the PCR products obtained for bioleaching-associated bacteria, only one phylotype with a level of similarity to Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans of 99% was obtained. Using primer sets specific for Geobacteraceae, PCR products were obtained in higher DNA dilutions from zone III than from zone I. Phylogenetic analysis of clone libraries obtained from Fe(III)-reducing enrichment cultures grown at pH 5.5 revealed that the majority of clones were closely related to members of the Betaproteobacteria, primarily species of Thiomonas. Our results demonstrated that the upper acidic sediment was inhabited by acidophiles or moderate acidophiles which can also reduce Fe(III) under slightly acidic conditions. The majority of Fe(III) reducers inhabiting the slightly acidic sediment had only minor capacities to be active under acidic conditions.
Proteomic analysis of low dose arsenic and ionizing radiation exposure on keratinocytes

Human exposure to arsenic and ionizing radiation (IR) occur environmentally at low levels. While the human health effects of arsenic and IR have been examined separately, there is little information regarding their combined effects at doses approaching environmental levels. Arsenic toxicity may be affected by concurrent IR especially given their known individual carcinogenic actions at higher doses. We found that keratinocytes responded to either low dose arsenic and/or low dose IR exposure, resulting in differential proteomic expression based on 2‐DE, immunoblotting and statistical analysis. Seven proteins were identified that passed a rigorous statistical screen for differential expression in 2‐DE and also passed a strict statistical screen for follow‐up immunoblotting. These included: α‐enolase, epidermal‐fatty acid binding protein, heat shock protein 27, histidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 1, lactate dehydrogenase A, protein disulfide isomerase precursor, and S100A9. Four proteins had combined effects that were different than would be expected based on the response to either individual toxicant. These data demonstrate a possible reaction to the combined insult that is substantially different from that of either separate treatment. Several proteins had different responses than what has been seen from high dose exposures, adding to the growing literature suggesting that the cellular responses to low dose exposures are distinct.
Exploiting the Reconfigurability of Programmable Hardware for Neural Engineering

The use of programmable devices leads to flexible and area-efficient implementation of biologically plausible neural entities such as synapses and neurons. However, the area constraints of reconfigurable devices such as the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) limit their use to rather small and already trained neural networks. This paper investigates and describes area-efficient spiking neural building blocks to implement integrate-and-fire (IF) and leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron models on reconfigurable hardware. It is demonstrated that an abstract behaviour of spiking neurons can be emulated for bit accurate implementation. In a linear comparison, 2×10 synapses and 1.2×10 fully parallel artificial spiking neurons can be implemented with the proposed building blocks andbehaviour of spiking neurons can be emulated for bit accurate implementation. In a linear comparison, 2×10 synapses and 1.2×10 fully parallel artificial spiking neurons can be implemented with the proposed building blocks and architectures. By using bigger devices with more logic elements such as Virtex-5, it is possible to fit almost 4.3×10 synapses and 2.5×10 neurons. The main contributions of this paper include area-efficient fully parallel architectures that exclude the use of embedded multipliers, area-efficient architecture for a leaky membrane, and compact implementation of neural cell which can be used for emulating large scale fully parallel spiking neural networks.
Channel ranking algorithm and ranking error bounds: A two channel case

In this paper, we establish a channel ranking strategy for wireless sensor networks (WSN) in the presence of WLAN interference. The packet delivery ratio (PDR) of a sensor link is the performance metric used for channel ranking. The PDR is defined as a function of the signal-to-interference-and-noise-ratio (SINR) at the sensor and the time domain transmission characteristics of the interferer that is, the activity factor and the traffic pattern. The PDR is estimated at the sensor by using spectrum measurements. When the channel bandwidth of the interferer is large and the measurement time is also limited, the traffic pattern cannot be satisfactorily predicted for each measured channel. Because of that it is proposed to utilize Poisson and periodic traffic patterns to obtain bounds on the performance of channel ranking. Given the channel measurement time upper and lower bounds on the ranking error probability are calculated by using Poisson and periodic traffic patterns respectively. Even though the traffic pattern of WLAN interference is usually modeled with phase-type (PH) distributions, the periodic and the Poisson traffic patterns allow us to bypass the traffic pattern estimation process and relatively rank the channels based on their SINR and activity factor estimates.
Prenatal Intuitive Coparenting Behaviors

Micro-analytic research on intuitive parenting behaviors has shed light on the temporal dynamics of parent and child interactions. Observations have shown that parents possess remarkable implicit communicative abilities allowing them to adapt to the clues infants give and therefore stimulate the development of many of the infants’ abilities, such as communication skills. This work focused on observing intuitive parenting behaviors that were synchronized and coordinated between the parents. We call them “prenatal intuitive coparenting behaviors” and used an observation task – the Prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play procedure – to observe them. For this task, the parents role-play their first encounter with their future baby, represented by a doll. Two cases from a study on pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology are provided to illustrate how these behaviors manifest themselves. The observations from the first case suggest that expectant parents can offer the baby a coparental framework, whereas the observations from the second case show that opportunities for episodes of prenatal intuitive coparenting can be missed due to certain relationship dynamics. These kinds of observations deepen our knowledge of the prenatal emergence of the coparenting relationship and allow us to hone our strategies for intervening during pregnancy with couples who experience coparenting difficulties. Furthermore, these observations provide a novel and complementary perspective on prenatal intuitive parenting and coparenting behaviors.
THE EXPERIENCE OF TENSION IN PATIENTS WITH BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER COMPARED TO OTHER PATIENT GROUPS AND HEALTHY CONTROLS

CHRISTIAN E. STIGLMAYRConsortium for Scientific Psychotherapy Berlin (AWP–Berlin), GermanyJEANNETTE BISCHKOPF, VICTORIA ALBRECHT, NANCY PORZIG,STEPHAN SCHEUERFreie Universitat Berlin, GermanyCLAAS–HINRICH LAMMERSMedical University Berlin, GermanyANNA AUCKENTHALERFreie Universitat Berlin, GermanyPeopledisplayingapatternofthinking,feeling,andbehavingthatissufficientlyse-vere to exceed a set of formal diagnostic criteria of borderline personality disorder(BPD)reportstatesofaversiveinnertension,whichtheyattempttoalleviatebyim-pulsiveself–harmingbehavior.Furtherresearchisneededtounderstandtheactualexperienceofinnertensionanditsmeaningandorigin. Thepresentstudyinvolvesa systematic examination of different clinical groups’ experience of inner tension.117 participants (30 participants fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of borderline per-sonalitydisorder,30participantsfulfillingthediagnosticcriteriaofdepression,and27 participants fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of anxiety disorders as well as 30participants without any mental diagnosis) were asked about their experiences ofinnertensionusinganopenquestionnaire.QualitativeContentAnalysis(Mayring,2000)wasappliedforcodingparticipants’selfreports.Amongallgroupsinnerten-sion is represented as an unpleasant state of arousal. However, in participants ful-filling diagnostic criteria the experience of tension is triggered by a sense of innerhelplessnessandinactionwhereashealthycontrolsexperiencethestressofapres-sure to perform well. The quantitative analyzes revealed significant disorder–spe-
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with inhaled iloprost, oral bosentan and sildenafil. METHODS AND RESULTS The randomized controlled trials on the 3 drugs and placebo were retrieved from the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews and CNKI up to August 2009. In total 11 studies and 1,391 patients were selected. Compared with placebo, iloprost, bosentan and sildenafil reduced clinical worsening significantly (odds ratio [OR] =0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.22-0.49, P<0.00001), improved New York Heart Association/World Health Organization functional class (OR =2.81, 95%CI =1.95-4.03, P<0.00001), increased the 6-min walk test by 33.19 m, reduced systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, increased the cardiac index by 0.40 L x min(-1) x m(-2) and increased the cardiac output by 0.53 L/min. The incidence of serious adverse events was similar in the medication groups and the placebo group (OR =1.09, 95%CI =0.69-1.71, P=0.72). In terms of the clinical worsening and functional class amelioration, insignificant differences were found among iloprost, bosentan and sildenafil, but iloprost had the highest incidence of serious adverse events among the 3 drugs. CONCLUSIONS Inhaled iloprost and oral bosentan and sildenafil are effective and safe in treating PAH.
Extracting the Green¿s Function For Static Problems From Dynamic Fields

The theory of Green’s function extraction from field fluctuations has originally been derived in geoscience applications for wave propagation problems. Although current application of this technique is not restricted to wave propagation, there was no theory for Green’s function extraction of static fields. We present the theory of Green’s function extraction of static fields and illustrate the theory with a numerical example. The theory presented here is applicable to potential fields and to DC resistivity problems. The ability to extract static fields from field fluctuations makes it possible, in principle, to extract static fields from passive measurements of field fluctuations. This can be particularly relevant for continuous monitoring of the subsurface with electrical fields.
Utilizing Eastern Spirituality in Clinical Practice: A Qualitative Study of Chinese Women with Breast Cancer

Drawing on the empirical findings of a qualitative study on Chinese women with breast cancer, this article presents the women's experience of spirituality and discusses the implications of culturally competent practice that addresses spirituality. Following the constructivist research approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 26 Chinese women with breast cancer. The findings reveal their spirituality is manifested through (1) experiencing a spiritual shock, (2) making meaning, (3) achieving connectedness, and (4) attaining transcendence. The Eastern cultural teachings of embracing suffering, letting go and living in the moment, and meditative practice have important implications for social work practice. Culturally competent practice requires social workers to appreciate the diverse ways that clients use spiritual resources and reflect on how our own spirituality may affect intervention.
Prediction of intradialytic hypotension using PPG and ECG

Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is the most common complication during hemodialysis; early prediction and prevention of IDH would dramatically improve the living conditions for patients with end stage renal disease. A recently published study suggests that a decrease in the envelope of the photoplethysmograpy (PPG) signal can be used for predicting acute symptomatic IDH. In the present study, the PPG based method is extended by introducing a patient dependent detection threshold, which involves information on heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) from the current dialysis session. This is motivated since several studies have found significant differences in HRV and HRT between hypotension-prone and hypotension-resistant patients. Recordings from 15 patients during 38 hemodialysis sessions were used to evaluate the method. Symptomatic IDH was correctly predicted in 9 out of 14 cases, while 5 out of 24 cases were falsely predicted. The performance was better for acute symptomatic IDH, 5 out of 5 cases were correctly predicted. The present method represents a novel approach to combining information derived from ECG and PPG signals.
Citation for Published Item: Use Policy Cryogenic Tests of Volume-phase Holographic Gratings: Results at 100 K

'Cryogenic tests of volume-phase holographic gratings : results at 100K. ', Applied optics. , 45 (23). pp. The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACT We present results from cryogenic tests of Volume-Phase Holographic (VPH) gratings at ∼ 100 K. The aims of these tests are to see whether the diffraction efficiency as a function of wavelength is significantly different at a low temperature from that at room temperature and to see how the performance of a VPH grating is affected by a number of thermal cycles. We have completed 10 cycles between room temperature and 100 K, and find no clear evidence that the diffraction efficiency changes with temperature or with successive thermal cycle.
Postmodernism and Social Policy: A Small Step Forwards?

ABSTRACT The term ‘postmodernism’ has recently entered the study of social policy, prompting debate over its usefulness for social policy analysis. Peter Taylor-Gooby's (1994) appraisal of literatures often described as ‘postmodern’ leads him to reject them as having little to offer the discipline of social policy. This article argues that such a view derives from a confusion about the field of ‘postmodernism’; in particular, from a conflation of several different theoretical positions and schools of thought. This article provides a clarification of these literatures in order to argue that the issues they raise have important implications for the way in which we might understand the prospects for policy formulation and implementation. The article distinguishes between the political economy strand of the ‘post’ literatures – postindustrialism and postfordism – and the cultural studies strand – poststructuralism and postmodernism – showing that the different issues they highlight, and the ways in which they conceptualise power and control will lead to different theoretical connections between social policy and political action.
How to live with a taboo instead of ‘breaking it’. Alternative empowerment strategies of people with incontinence

Many people throughout the world live with incontinence; however, they infrequently make themselves heard. In the current discourse regarding patient empowerment, this poses a dilemma as empowerment is usually believed to emerge from an individual or collective voice. A common response is that the existing taboo needs to be confronted. However, the metabolic functions of the body are a private affair for most people and ‘coming out’ as being incontinent is not necessarily empowering. Hence, solely focusing on the breaking of taboos to improve empowerment will not suffice. On the basis of nine biographic interviews with Dutch people with incontinence, we examine alternative forms of empowerment in everyday practices. Three strategies are detected: creating predictability; learning how to hide incontinence products; and confronting the incontinent body in encounters with others. Above all, it appears that sharing experiential knowledge on all these matters with peers can lead to more promising forms of empowerment for this group of people than the more usual discourse on voice and taboo.
SSL/TLS Servers Status Survey about Enabling Forward Secrecy

This paper discusses forward secrecy functionality, which has come into the spotlight due to a series of news reports regarding the NSA. SSL/TLS server support for forward secrecy was introduced at major sites such as SNS at the end of last year, so servers enabling forward secrecy are increasing. This paper shows SSL/TLS servers status survey about enabling forward secrecy by crawling with SSLyze 0.8.
The Victim's Decision to Report Offences to the Police in France: Stating Losses or Expressing Attitudes*

Drawing upon several sets of victimisation surveys in France, this article examines for the first time for this country the variables associated with victims' reporting behaviour on the one hand, with their decision to file a formal complaint on the other. The seriousness of the effects of the offence — material or physical — is a determining variable which largely confirms previous internationally established knowledge. However, the specific contribution of this study is to highlight the role, a minority role to be sure but one that is clearly distinguishable, of certain attitudes such as punitiveness (among those who file formal complaints) and scepticism with regard to public institutions (among non reporting victims). In this sense, the study of reporting also informs us about the more or less confident relationship between the population and the institutions that bear the responsibility for its security. In order to consider these types of results it is necessary for surveys to include not only questions about the factual elements of victimisation but also to delve into the respondents' opinions, so as to allow the piecing together of attitudes and types of social representation.
Automatic Alignment of Music Performances with Structural Differences

Both in interactive music listening, and in music performance research, there is a need for automatic alignment of different recordings of the same musical piece. This task is challenging, because musical pieces often contain parts that may or may not be repeated by the performer, possibly leading to structural differences between performances (or between performance and score). The most common alignment method, dynamic time warping (DTW), cannot handle structural differences adequately, and existing approaches to deal with structural differences explicitly rely on the annotation of “break points” in one of the sequences. We propose a simple extension of the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm to deal effectively with structural differences, without relying on annotations. We evaluate several audio features for alignment, and show how an optimal value can be found for the cost-parameter of the alignment algorithm. A single cost value is demonstrated to be valid across different types of music. We demonstrate that our approach yields roughly equal alignment accuracies compared to DTW in the absence of structural differences, and superior accuracies when structural differences occur.
Action recognition and understanding through motor primitives

In robotics, recognition of human activity has been used extensively for robot task learning through imitation and demonstration. However, there has not been much work performed on modeling and recognition of activities that involve object manipulation and grasping. In this work, we deal with single arm/hand actions which are very similar to each other in terms of arm/hand motions. The approach is based on the hypothesis that actions can be represented as sequences of motion primitives. Given this, a set of five different manipulation actions of different levels of complexity are investigated. To model the process, we use a combination of discriminative support vector machines and generative hidden Markov models. The experimental evaluation, performed with 10 people, investigates both the definition and structure of primitive motions, as well as the validity of the modeling approach taken.
A System for Sentiment Analysis of Colloquial Arabic Using Human Computation

We present the implementation and evaluation of a sentiment analysis system that is conducted over Arabic text with evaluative content. Our system is broken into two different components. The first component is a game that enables users to annotate large corpuses of text in a fun manner. The game produces necessary linguistic resources that will be used by the second component which is the sentimental analyzer. Two different algorithms have been designed to employ these linguistic resources to analyze text and classify it according to its sentimental polarity. The first approach is using sentimental tag patterns, which reached a precision level of 56.14%. The second approach is the sentimental majority approach which relies on calculating the number of negative and positive phrases in the sentence and classifying the sentence according to the dominant polarity. The results after evaluating the system for the first sentimental majority approach yielded the highest accuracy level reached by our system which is 60.5% while the second variation scored an accuracy of 60.32%.
Compression of Ice to 210 Gigapascals: Infrared Evidence for a Symmetric Hydrogen-Bonded Phase

Protonated and deuterated ices (H2O and D2O) compressed to a maximum pressure of 210 gigapascals at 85 to 300 kelvin exhibit a phase transition at 60 gigapascals in H2O ice (70 gigapascals in D2O ice) on the basis of their infrared reflectance spectra determined with synchrotron radiation. The transition is characterized by soft-mode behavior of the ν3 O-H or O-D stretch below the transition, followed by a hardening (positive pressure shift) above it. This behavior is interpreted as the transformation of ice phase VII to a structure with symmetric hydrogen bonds. The spectroscopic features of the phase persisted to the maximum pressures (210 gigapascals) of the measurements, although changes in vibrational mode coupling were observed at 150 to 160 gigapascals.