Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crowd Counting Mapping to make a Decision

Congestion typically occurs when the number of crowds exceeds the capacity of facilities. In some cases, when buildings have to be evacuated, people might be trapped in congestion and cannot escape from the building early enough which might even lead to stampedes. Crowd Congestion Mapping (CCM) is a system that enables organizations to find information about the crowd congestion in target places. This project provides the ability to make the right decision to determine the reasons that led to that and to do the appropriate procedures to avoid this from happening again by optimizing locations and dimensions of the emergency exits less congested path on the target places. The system collects crowd congestion data from the locations and makes it available to corporations via target map. The congestion is plotted on target place map, for example, the red line for highly congested location, the pink line for mildly congested location and green line for free flow of humans in the location.
Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of Nanostructured Fe65Co35 Powders Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

Nanostructured Fe65Co35 alloy powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying in an attritor mill with different milling times. The milling process carried out in speed of 350 rpm, with 20:1 ball to powder weight ratio and under argon protective atmosphere. A continuous cooling system applied to avoid increasing temperature during the milling. The effect of milling time on structural and magnetic properties investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and vibration sample magnetometer. According to the obtained results, nanostructured Fe65Co35 solid solution powders resulted with an average particle size of 400 nm and crystallite size of 6.8 nm by milling for 20 hours. With increasing the milling time, the lattice parameter decreased and the lattice strain increased for Fe65Co35 powders. The maximum saturation magnetization with 1311 emu/cc value and the minimum coercivity with 22 Oe value occurs after milling for 15 hours.
Symbolic simulation of dataflow synchronous programs with timers

The synchronous language Lustre and its descendants have long been used to program and model discrete con-trollers. Recent work shows how to mix discrete and continuous elements in a Lustre-like language called Zélus. The resulting hybrid programs are deterministic and can be simulated with a numerical solver. In this article, we focus on a subset of hybrid programs where continuous behaviors are expressed using timers, nondeterministic guards, and invariants, as in Timed Safety Automata. We propose a source-to-source compilation pass to generate discrete code that, coupled with standard operations on Difference-Bound Matrices, produces symbolic traces that each represent a set of concrete traces.
Ascending aorta diameters measured by echocardiography using both leading edge-to-leading edge and inner edge-to-inner edge conventions in healthy volunteers.

AIMS Reference ranges of ascending aorta diameters (AAoD) for two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) using inner edge (IE) convention are lacking, preventing the comparison of AAoD measurements by 2DE with those obtained by other imaging modalities. METHODS AND RESULTS We used harmonic imaging 2DE to prospectively study 218 healthy volunteers (56% women, 42 ± 15 years, 18-80 years). Measurements were performed at the level of aortic root (AoR), sinotubular junction (STJ), and proximal tubular portion (TAo, 1 cm from the STJ) using both leading edge (LE) and IE conventions at end-diastole and end-systole. Feasibility of AAoD measurements between end-diastole and end-systole was similar at AoR and STJ levels, but it was significantly different at TAo level (82 vs. 96%, respectively, P < 0.0001). Ascending aorta diameters indexed to height were larger in men than in women (P < 0.0001). After adjusting for the effect of gender, only age and body surface area (BSA) were independent predictors of AAoD at multivariable analysis. Average end-diastolic AoR, STJ, and TAo diameters measured using IE convention were similar between genders (17 ± 2, 15 ± 2, and 15 ± 2 mm/m(2), respectively). Corresponding AAoD measured using the LE convention were 18 ± 2, 16 ± 2, and 17 ± 4 mm/m(2), respectively. On average, the end-systolic AAoD measured using LE were 2 mm larger than those performed using IE or at end-diastole. Mean aortic wall thickness was 2.4 ± 0.8 mm. CONCLUSION End-diastolic AAoD measured using IE were significantly smaller than those obtained either using LE convention or at end-systole. Gender-specific reference values for AAoD indexed for BSA should be used to identify ascending aorta pathology.
Ion-Exchange Resin Anticoagulation (I-ERA): A Novel Extracorporeal Technique for Regional Anticoagulation

Background: Extracorporeal treatments always require blood anticoagulation. We tested feasibility and efficacy of a novel technique for regional extracorporeal blood anticoagulation based on calcium removal by ion-exchange resins (i-ER), called ion-exchange resin anticoagulation (i-ERA). Methods: Eight swine were connected to a veno-venous extracorporeal circuit comprising a hemodiafilter and an i-ER. Blood flow was 150 mL/min. Hemodiafiltrate was generated at 975 mL/min and passed through the i-ER. A fraction of the calcium-free hemodiafiltrate was returned to the hemodiafilter (675 mL/min), while the remaining was recirculated prior the hemodiafilter (300 mL/min) to dilute blood entering the hemodiafilter. A calcium replacement solution was continuously infused. Two hours after i-ERA start, blood was sampled from inlet, before the hemodiafilter (prehemodiafilter blood) and from outlet of the extracorporeal circuit for ionized calcium (iCa) concentration and thromboelastography (TEG). Arterial blood was collected for blood gas analyses, electrolytes concentrations, and plasma free hemoglobin. Hemodynamics and ventilation were monitored. Results: i-ERA reduced iCa from 1.28 ± 0.05 mmol/L (inlet) to 0.47 ± 0.03 mmol/L (prehemodiafilter blood) and 0.25 ± 0.03 mmol/L (outlet). Prehemodiafilter blood and outlet samples showed no sign of clot formation (reaction time (R) >60 min; maximal amplitude (MA) = 0 (0-0) mm), while blood-inlet had normal coagulation (R = 8.5 (5.8–10.2) min; MA = 65.2 (63.2–68.7) mm). Arterial gas analyses and electrolytes concentrations, hemodynamics, and ventilation were unchanged. No hemolysis was recorded. Conclusions: In a swine model, i-ERA proved feasible and effective in reducing iCa and preventing clot formation with TEG analyses. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of i-ERA. Level of Evidence: V-therapeutic animal experiment.
Retrospective Analysis of CA19-9 Decrease in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Carcinoma Treated with FOLFIRINOX or Gemcitabine in a Randomized Phase III Study (ACCORD11/PRODIGE4)

Objectives: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is a sensitive and specific serum marker in pancreatic cancer. Our retrospective analysis aims to evaluate CA19-9 decrease in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer treated in ACCORD11/PRODIGE4 (FOLFIRINOX vs. gemcitabine). Methods: A total of 342 patients were treated. CA19-9 was measured at 8 weeks (±2) in 160 patients from a total of 282 with abnormal CA19-9 values at baseline (gemcitabine arm, n = 75; FOLFIRINOX arm, n = 85). In the present study, 8-week CA19-9 decrease or greater CA19-9 decrease according to the 20 and 90% thresholds were analyzed. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated in each subgroup. Results: In the FOLFIRINOX arm, patients with an 8-week CA19-9 decrease or greater CA19-9 decrease ≥20% showed improved median OS, PFS, and objective response rate. In the overall study population, median OS and PFS were significantly improved in patients with an 8-week CA19-9 decrease ≥20% (vs. <20%). The 8-week CA19-9 decrease was predictive of PFS (interaction test significant according to treatment arm; p = 0.006). Conclusion: An 8-week CA19-9 decrease ≥20% is a prognostic factor for OS and PFS. The 8-week CA19-9 decrease (20% threshold) is predictive of PFS. It could help to evaluate the efficacy of FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine regimens.
Tribological Properties of Nano-Al2O3/PEEK Composites

Wear is the primary cause of failure of joint replacement prostheses. Poly(ether-ether-ketone)(PEEK) was reinforced with nano-Al2O3 particals of various mass fractions in this study. The effect of nanometer Al2O3 mass fractions on the contacted angle of the reinforced PEEK composites was investigated. Tribological properties of composites under distilled water and physiological saline lubrication condition was measured. And the morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed with optical microscope. The results shows that the wettability and wear resistance were all improved with appropriate nano-Al2O3.The wear resistance of composites filled with 7% nano-Al2O3 was the best under both distilled water and physiological saline lubrication. In addition, it can be found that there is serious plough on the surface of pure PEEK. This indicated that serious fatigue wear occurred on the worn surface of pure PEEK. Moreover, there are only light fatigue wear on the worn surfaces of PEEK composites filled with nano-Al2O3.
Management Outcome and Associated Factors in Burn Injuries With and Without Facial Involvement in a Nigerian Population

There is a high potential for the occurrence of burns in Nigeria, yet very little is known about factors that are associated with management outcomes (death/survivorship) in burns affecting facial or other body areas among Nigerian populations. This study aimed at determining patterns of occurrences of burn injuries with and without facial involvement and the factors that are associated with mortality. A standardized data-collection instrument was designed and used to extract relevant information about burn patients that were seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between 1998 and 2003. During the study period, fuel-related flames constituted the leading type of agent in both facial (71.1%) and nonfacial involved burns (65.3%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of contracture and inhalation injury between burns with facial involvement and burns without facial involvement, but cases of facial involvement have significantly lower incidences of wound infections. No significant difference was seen in the incidence of mortality between burns with facial involvement (31.6 %) and burns without facial involvement (30.7%). Significant bivariate correlates for mortality were age, flame as the agent of burns, depth of the burns and wound infections. Two correlates remained significant in the multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression): BSA involved and wound infection.
Crowded scene understanding algorithm based on Two-Stream Residual Network

Crowd scene understanding is challenging task with distinctly importance in computer vision. The crowd scene categories are often defined by multi-level information, which leads to a large intra-class variations. Besides, crowd dynamic exhibits various formulations across different crowd systems. A large-scale crowd scene datasets and a quantified generic properties for crowd representation are the key issues of this topic. A framework called Two-Stream Residual Network (TSRN) deep model to federatively learn and aggregate appearance and motion features for crowd understanding is proposed in this paper. Appearance stream is generated from static frame through Residual Network. Motion stream is generated from three scene-independent motion maps: collectiveness, stability, and the conflict as the complement of the appearance streams. Experiments are conducted on a macroscale crowd video dataset named as the Who do What at some Where (WWW), devised to understand crowded scenes. The results show excellent performance in accuracy compared with prior hand-crafted and deep learning methods, attaining a state-of-art accuracy of 88% and 74.9% in two streams respectively, and achieving a 89% accuracy in combined two-stream ResNet.
FULLY AUTOMATIC FEATURE-BASED REGISTRATION OF MOBILE MAPPING AND AERIAL NADIR IMAGES FOR ENABLING THE ADJUSTMENT OF MOBILE PLATFORM LOCATIONS IN GNSS-DENIED URBAN ENVIRONMENTS

Abstract. Mobile Mapping (MM) has gained significant importance in the realm of high-resolution data acquisition techniques. MM is able to record georeferenced street-level data in a continuous (laser scanners) and/or discrete (cameras) fashion. MM’s georeferencing relies on a conjunction of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) and optionally on odometry sensors. While this technique does not pose a problem for absolute positioning in open areas, its reliability and accuracy may be diminished in urban areas where high-rise buildings and other tall objects can obstruct the direct line-of-sight between the satellite and the receiver unit. Consequently, multipath measurements or complete signal outages impede the MM platform’s localisation and may affect the accurate georeferencing of collected data. This paper presents a technique to recover correct orientation parameters for MM imaging platforms by utilising aerial images as an external georeferencing source. This is achieved by a fully automatic registration strategy which takes into account the overall differences between aerial and MM data, such as scale, illumination, perspective and content. Based on these correspondences, MM data can be verified and/or corrected by using an adjustment solution. The registration strategy is discussed and results in a success rate of about 95 %.
Characterizing Flow, Application, and User Behavior in Mobile Networks: A Framework for Mobile Big Data

The recent explosion of data traffic calls for specialized systems to monitor the status of networks. Traditionally, Internet service providers collect and analyze IP flow data as they present an aggregated view of traffic. In the era of mobile big data, new approaches are required to address new challenges regarding the flow characterization in the next generation wireless networks. In this article, we propose a framework for mobile big data, referred to as FMBD, which provides massive data traffic collection, storage, processing, analysis, and management functions, to cope with the tremendous amount of data traffic. In particular, by analyzing the specific characteristics of the mobile big data from flow, application, and user behavior, such as high volume, diversity of applications, and spatio-temporal distribution, our proposed FMBD demonstrates its capability to offer real data-based advice to address new challenges for future wireless networks from the viewpoints of both operators and individuals. Tested by real mobile big data, FMBD has been operational for more than five years, and can be generalized to other environments with massive data traffic or big data. Introduction
Mechanical Properties of ZTA: Correlation with Structural Properties and Influence of Ageing

We report the mechanical and thermal properties of industrial Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) composites for different compositions of zirconia and yttria, paying a special attention to possible ageing. As a result a correlation between the structural properties and the in-fine performances is obtained; in particular, depending on mechanical properties expected by the customer, optimum composites compositions are indicated.
Prestroke Vascular Pathology and the Risk of Recurrent Stroke and Poststroke Dementia

Background and Purpose— Improved short-term survival after stroke has necessitated quantifying risk and risk factors of long-term sequelae after stroke (ie, recurrent stroke and dementia). This risk may be influenced by exposure to cardiovascular risk factors before the initial stroke. Within the population-based Rotterdam Study, we determined the long-term risk of recurrent stroke and dementia, and the proportion of recurrent strokes and poststroke dementia cases that are attributable to prestroke cardiovascular risk factors (ie, the population attributable risk). Methods— We followed up 1237 patients with first-ever stroke and 4928 stroke-free participants, matched on age, sex, examination round, and stroke date (index date), for the occurrence of stroke or dementia. We calculated incidence rates in both groups and estimated the individual and combined population attributable risk of prestroke cardiovascular risk factors for both outcomes. Results— Beyond 1 year after stroke, patients retained a 3-fold increased risk of recurrent stroke and an almost 2-fold increased risk of dementia compared with people without stroke. In total, 39% (95% confidence interval, 18%–66%) of recurrent strokes and 10% (95% confidence interval, 0%–91%) of poststroke dementia cases were attributable to prestroke cardiovascular risk factors. These percentages were similar for first-ever stroke and dementia in the matched stroke-free population. Conclusions— Long-term risks of recurrent stroke and poststroke dementia remain high and are substantially influenced by prestroke risk factors, emphasizing the need for optimizing primary prevention.
Revealing heterogeneous C partitioning in a medium Mn steel by nanoindentation

The present work employs nano-indentation technique to investigate the C partitioning in a medium Mn steel subjected to quenching and tempering process. It is found that the C partitioning between martensite and austenite is inhomogeneous. Particularly, the large lenticular martensite has negligible C partitioning into the austenitic matrix as it maintains an ultra-high nanohardness comparable to the one without tempering. Strategies to suppress the formation of large martensite are discussed.
Multiple adaptations to polar and alpine environments within cyanobacteria: a phylogenomic and Bayesian approach

Cyanobacteria are major primary producers in the polar and alpine regions contributing significantly to nitrogen and carbon cycles in the cryosphere. Recent advancements in environmental sequencing techniques have revealed great molecular diversity of microorganisms in cold environments. However, there are no comprehensive phylogenetic analyses including the entire known diversity of cyanobacteria from these extreme environments. We present here a global phylogenetic analysis of cyanobacteria including an extensive dataset comprised of available small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences of cyanobacteria from polar and high altitude environments. Furthermore, we used a large-scale multi-gene (135 proteins and 2 ribosomal RNAs) genome constraint including 57 cyanobacterial genomes. Our analyses produced the first phylogeny of cold cyanobacteria exhibiting robust deep branching relationships implementing a phylogenomic approach. We recovered several clades common to Arctic, Antarctic and alpine sites suggesting that the traits necessary for survival in the cold have been acquired by a range of different mechanisms in all major cyanobacteria lineages. Bayesian ancestral state reconstruction revealed that 20 clades each have common ancestors with high probabilities of being capable of surviving in cold environments.
High-Dynamic-Range Imaging for Cloud Segmentation

Sky/cloud images obtained from ground-based sky-cameras are usually captured using a fish-eye lens with a wide field of view. However, the sky exhibits a large dynamic range in terms of luminance, more than a conventional camera can capture. It is thus difficult to capture the details of an entire scene with a regular camera in a single shot. In most cases, the circumsolar region is over-exposed, and the regions near the horizon are under-exposed. This renders cloud segmentation for such images difficult. In this paper, we propose HDRCloudSeg -- an effective method for cloud segmentation using High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) imaging based on multi-exposure fusion. We describe the HDR image generation process and release a new database to the community for benchmarking. Our proposed approach is the first using HDR radiance maps for cloud segmentation and achieves very good results.
Medical Image Understanding and Analysis - MIUA 2014. 18th Annual Conference, Egham, UK, July 9-11, 2014. Proceedings

This study aims to generate synthetic and realistic retinal fundus colour images, similar in characteristics to a given dataset, as well as the values of all morphological parameters. A representative task could be, for example, the synthesis of a retinal image with the corresponding vessel tree and optic nerve head binary map, measurement of vessel width in any position, fovea localisation and so on. The presented paper mainly focuses on the generation of non-vascular regions (i.e. retinal background, fovea and optic disc) and it is complemented by a parallel study on the generation of structure and texture of the vessel network. To synthesise convincing retinal backgrounds and foveae, a patchbased algorithm has been developed; model-based texture synthesis techniques have also been implemented for the generation of realistic optic discs. The validity of our synthetic retinal images has been demonstrated by visual inspection and quantitative experiments.
Ground contact detection of robot legs by discriminating angular velocities and motor current

We investigated the contact detection method of legs using an angular velocity (AV) sensor and a current sensor. When lifted legs step on an obstacle, the AV of the robot body shows different patterns from the one of normal walking. Discriminating these unusual patterns from normal one, the robot control system is able to detect stepping on an obstacle. We experimented stepping on an obstacle and recorded the change of AVs. A three layered neural network was used for discrimination. As a result, a detection rate of 96 [%] was obtained. Referring the results of detection, the incline of robot body was suppressed to 1.0 [degree] by stopping the leg when it touched an obstacle. We also measured the motor current when a free leg stepped on an obstacle. The incline of robot body was suppressed to 0.7 [degree] or less at the detection rate of 100 [%].
A comparison of brief, single sessions of physical activity and relaxation/meditation on affective responses of female undergraduates.

A COMPARISON OF BRIEF, SINGLE-SESSIONS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND RELAXATIONIMEDITATION ON AFFECTIVE RESPONSES OF FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES Paul G. Salmon December 8, 2003 This study compared brief, single sessions of physical activity (P A, self-paced treadmill walking) and relaxation/meditation (RIM, the 'Body Scan') on positive and negative affect and anxiety measures in female undergraduates. Both were predicted to reduce negative and enhance positive affect. Differential effects ofPA and RIM were predicted for participants with predominantly cognitive or somatic anxiety symptoms. Forty-six undergraduates were randomized to PA or RIM interventions. Changes in positive and negative affect (Positive and Negative Affect Scale, PANAS) and anxiety (Spielberger State I Trait Anxiety Inventory) were assessed using multivariate, repeatedmeasures statistics. Both PANAS Negative Affect & ST AI anxiety scores declined following P A, but PANAS positive affect also declined. Similarly, RIM significantly reduced ST AI and PANAS Positive Affect scores, and (marginally) PANAS negative affect. Anxiety reduction was greatest following RIM for participants with cognitive anxiety symptoms, but the complementary prediction concerning PIA and somatic symptoms was not supported.