Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scene-Adaptive Hierarchical Data Association for Multiple Objects Tracking

Obtaining reliable and discriminative target representation are two vital tasks for data association in multi-tracking. Pervious works always directly combine bunch of features for more discriminative target representation, but this is prone to error accumulation and unnecessary computational cost, which on the contrary may increase identity switches in data association. Moreover, reliability of a same feature in different scenes may vary a lot, especially for currently widespread network cameras, which have been settled in complex and various scenes, previous fixed feature selection scheme cannot meet general requirements. To address this problem, we propose a scene-adaptive hierarchical data association scheme, which adaptively selects features which have higher reliability on target representation in applied scene, and gradually combines features to the minimum requirements of discriminating ambiguous targets. Hierarchical feature space is constructed according to reliability of features in the multi-tracking system, and data association is conducted in different layers of the feature space adaptively. Our algorithm is validated on various challenging RGB-D and RGB datasets recorded in various indoor and outdoor scenes, for diversities of both features and scenes. Experimental results validate its effectiveness and efficiency.
SwinDeW-S: extending P2P workflow systems for adaptive composite Web services

SwinDeW, an innovative decentralised workflow management system, has established an underlying framework for peer-to-peer (P2P) based business process coordination environments. SwinDeW-S extends SwinDeW to support adaptive composite service orchestration in the era of service-oriented computing. This paper comprehensively presents features of SwinDeW-S, including the P2P network establishment, the messaging mechanism, the service deployment and enactment, the service discovery and advertisement, and the service flow execution. The prototypical extension of SwinDeW to SwinDeW-S and the advantages of SwinDeW-S are also examined and analysed. With the innovative integration of service and P2P-based enterprise application techniques, SwinDeW-S can support composite service orchestration, deployment and execution.
PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS OF THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE WALL FROM LIGHT-GAUGE THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES

The article is devoted to determining of the thermal reliability rates of CFS wall panels based on three thermo-technical failure criteria reduced heat transfer resistance, exceeding the values of the temperature difference between the reduced temperature of the inner surface of structure and internal air temperature above the permissible temperature values by the sanitary requirements and criteria of reduction of local values of the inner surface temperature to the temperature of vapor-liquid condensation. With increasing coefficient of variation of thermal conductivity from 2.28% to 20%, the probability of refusal of wall panels of light steel thin-walled structures, under the criterion of the specified heat transfer resistance, is increasing from 9,85×10 -7 to 0,015 respectively.
Characterization of phenyl pyrimidine derivatives that inhibit cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene expression

Background Previously, we established a reporter cell line for human cytomegalovirus and screened anti-human cytomegalovirus compounds using the cell line. In this study, we characterized one of the identified compounds, 2,4-diamino-6–(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrimidine (coded as 35C10). Methods 50% Effective concentrations (EC50s) and 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50s) of 35C10 and its derivatives in human fibroblasts were determined by X-gal staining of the cells infected with human cytomegalovirus Towne strain expressing β-galactosidase. Results EC50 and CC50 of 35C10 were 4.3 µM and >200 µM, respectively. Among several 35C10 derivatives, only one lacking 4-amino group of pyrimidine showed a similar EC50. 35C10 weakly inhibited murine cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and varicella-zoster virus. A “time of addition” experiment suggested that 35C10 inhibited an early phase of the infection. Although 35C10 did not inhibit viral attachment to the cells nor the delivery of viral DNA to the nuclei, it decreased the number of infected cells expressing immediate-early 1 and 2 (IE1/IE2) proteins. 35C10 also inhibited the activation of a promoter for TRL4 in the reporter cells upon human cytomegalovirus infection, but not in the same reporter cells transfected with a plasmid expressing IE2. Conclusion Our findings suggest that 35C10 is a novel compound that inhibits IE gene expression in human cytomegalovirus-infected cells.
Practitioner Review: The effects of atypical antipsychotics and mood stabilisers in the treatment of depressive symptoms in paediatric bipolar disorder

BACKGROUND The management of depressive and mixed symptoms in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD) remains a matter of debate. The goal of this review is, thus, to systematically examine the impact of atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) and mood stabilisers in the treatment of bipolar depression and/or mixed states. METHODS A literature search was conducted for studies assessing the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorder type I, type II and not otherwise specified with a recent depressive, mixed or manic episode (with depressive symptoms) following DSM-IV criteria in children and adolescents as either acute or maintenance treatment. The databases searched were PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Tripdatabase, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov. The search was limited to clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and open-label trials published in the English language between the years 2000 and 2015. Sixty clinical studies were found assessing the efficacy of mood stabilisers and AAPs in paediatric BD. Fifteen studies were not included in the primary analysis because they did not assess depressive symptomology/include scores on rating scales of depressive symptoms (Online Supplementary Material). RESULTS There is sufficient evidence for a Grade A recommendation of the use of olanzapine plus fluoxetine at reducing depressive symptoms in bipolar depression and of quetiapine at high doses for depressive symptoms occurring during mixed episodes. Importantly, even though monotherapy with aripiprazole, risperidone, valproate and lithium was effective at controlling mania, these drugs were not effective at reducing depressive symptoms (level A evidence for nonrecommendation). CONCLUSIONS These results mostly overlap with the approved treatments for bipolar depression in adults.
Functional cross‐hemispheric shift between object‐place paired associate memory and spatial memory in the human hippocampus

The hippocampus plays critical roles in both object‐based event memory and spatial navigation, but it is largely unknown whether the left and right hippocampi play functionally equivalent roles in these cognitive domains. To examine the hemispheric symmetry of human hippocampal functions, we used an fMRI scanner to measure BOLD activity while subjects performed tasks requiring both object‐based event memory and spatial navigation in a virtual environment. Specifically, the subjects were required to form object‐place paired associate memory after visiting four buildings containing discrete objects in a virtual plus maze. The four buildings were visually identical, and the subjects used distal visual cues (i.e., scenes) to differentiate the buildings. During testing, the subjects were required to identify one of the buildings when cued with a previously associated object, and when shifted to a random place, the subject was expected to navigate to the previously chosen building. We observed that the BOLD activity foci changed from the left hippocampus to the right hippocampus as task demand changed from identifying a previously seen object (object‐cueing period) to searching for its paired‐associate place (object‐cued place recognition period). Furthermore, the efficient retrieval of object‐place paired associate memory (object‐cued place recognition period) was correlated with the BOLD response of the left hippocampus, whereas the efficient retrieval of relatively pure spatial memory (spatial memory period) was correlated with the right hippocampal BOLD response. These findings suggest that the left and right hippocampi in humans might process qualitatively different information for remembering episodic events in space. © 2016 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anterior Knee Pain in Children and Adolescents: Overview and Management

Abstract Anterior knee pain (AKP) is a common presenting complaint for pediatricians and orthopaedic surgeons and is often seen in young athletes. AKP is multifactorial and has a broad differential diagnosis. The growth changes, biomechanics, and anatomy around the knee add to the complexity of diagnosis and treatment of AKP. Common causes of AKP include Osgood–Schlatter's disease, patellar tendinitis, and patellofemoral instability. In the diagnosis of AKP, it is important to rule out serious and morbid causes of pain, including infection and tumor. It is crucial to complete a detailed history and physical examination and obtain appropriate imaging studies. In general, the majority of patients will respond to nonoperative measures targeted to correct neuromuscular control and kinetic chain dysfunction.
Max–Min Fair Resource Allocation for SWIPT in Multi-Group Multicast OFDM Systems

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer is considered for multi-group multicasting OFDM systems. Each user has the energy harvesting capability through a power splitter (PS). The power and subcarrier allocation at the base station is done such that the minimum signal-to-noise ratio among the users for each subcarrier is maximized while user needs for harvested power are satisfied. The optimization of PS ratios in addition to resource allocation is realized in a joint manner. It is shown that the problem can be cast in a convex optimization form for the given subcarrier sets. In order to determine the subcarrier sets, an efficient subcarrier allocation algorithm is proposed. It is shown that the proposed method performs very close to the exhaustive search, which gives the optimum solution.
A framework for convergence of cloud services and Internet of things

Today, Cloud Computing and the Internet of things are two “major forces” that drive the development of new Information Technology (IT) solutions. Many Internet of things (IoT) based large-scale applications rely on a cloud platform for data processing and storage. However, big data generated or collected by large-scale geo-distributed devices needs to be transferred to the cloud, often becoming a bottleneck for the system. In this paper, we propose a framework that integrates popular cloud services with a network of IoT devices. In the framework, novel methods have been designed for reliable and efficient data transportation. This framework provides a convergence of cloud services and devices that will ease the development of IoT based, cloud-enabled applications. We have implemented a prototype of the framework to demonstrate the convergence of popular cloud services and IoT technologies.
Infant multiple breath washout using a new commercially available device: Ready to replace the previous setup?

Multiple breath washout (MBW) is a sensitive test to measure lung volumes and ventilation inhomogeneity from infancy on. The commonly used setup for infant MBW, based on ultrasonic flowmeter, requires extensive signal processing, which may reduce robustness. A new setup may overcome some previous limitations but formal validation is lacking.
March_dl: Adding Adaptive Heuristics and a New Branching Strategy

We introduce the march dl satisability (SAT) solver, a successor of march eq. The latter was awarded state-of-the-art in two categories during the Sat 2004 competition. The focus lies on presenting those features that are new in march dl. Besides a description, each of these features is illustrated with some experimental results. By extending the pre-processor, using adaptive heuristics, and by using a new branching strategy, march dl is able to solve nearly all benchmarks faster than its predecessor. Moreover, various instances which were beyond the reach of march eq, can now be solved - relatively easily - due to these new features.
An oral formulation of efavirenz‐loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles with improved biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile

Efavirenz (EFV), a non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is a drug that is frequently included in highly active antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV infection. Decreased bioavailability and increased toxicity limit its use. We report a formulation of efavirenz‐loaded lactoferrin nanoparticles (lacto‐EFV‐nano) for oral delivery which exhibited significantly improved pharmacological properties coupled with reduced toxicity compared with its free form.
Two Coiled-Coil Proteins, WEB1 and PMI2, Suppress the Signaling Pathway of Chloroplast Accumulation Response that Is Mediated by Two Phototropin-Interacting Proteins, RPT2 and NCH1, in Seed Plants

Chloroplast movement is induced by blue light in a broad range of plant species. Weak light induces the chloroplast accumulation response and strong light induces the chloroplast avoidance response. Both responses are essential for efficient photosynthesis and are mediated by phototropin blue-light receptors. J-DOMAIN PROTEIN REQUIRED FOR CHLOROPLAST ACCUMULATION RESPONSE 1 (JAC1) and two coiled-coil domain proteins WEAK CHLOROPLAST MOVEMENT UNDER BLUE LIGHT 1 (WEB1) and PLASTID MOVEMENT IMPAIRED 2 (PMI2) are required for phototropin-mediated chloroplast movement. Genetic analysis suggests that JAC1 is essential for the accumulation response and WEB1/PMI2 inhibit the accumulation response through the suppression of JAC1 activity under the strong light. We recently identified two phototropin-interacting proteins, ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 2 (RPT2) and NPH3/RPT2-like (NRL) PROTEIN FOR CHLOROPLAST MOVEMENT 1 (NCH1) as the signaling components involved in chloroplast accumulation response. However, the relationship between RPT2/NCH1, JAC1 and WEB1/PMI2 remained to be determined. Here, we performed genetic analysis between RPT2/NCH1, JAC1, and WEB1/PMI2 to elucidate the signal transduction pathway.
Effective Online Bayesian Phylogenetics via Sequential Monte Carlo with Guided Proposals

Modern infectious disease outbreak surveillance produces continuous streams of sequence data which require phylogenetic analysis as data arrives. Current software packages for Bayesian phy-logenetic inference are unable to quickly incorporate new sequences as they become available, making them less useful for dynamically unfolding evolutionary stories. This limitation can be addressed by applying a class of Bayesian statistical inference algorithms called sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) to conduct online inference, wherein new data can be continuously incorporated to update the estimate of the posterior probability distribution. In this paper we describe and evaluate several different online phylogenetic sequential Monte Carlo (OPSMC) algorithms. We show that proposing new phylogenies with a density similar to the Bayesian prior suffers from poor performance, and we develop ‘guided’ proposals that better match the proposal density to the posterior. Furthermore, we show that the simplest guided proposals can exhibit pathological behavior in some situations, leading to poor results, and that the situation can be resolved by heating the proposal density. The results demonstrate that relative to the widely-used MCMC-based algorithm implemented in MrBayes, the total time required to compute a series of phylogenetic posteriors as sequences arrive can be significantly reduced by the use of OPSMC, without incurring a significant loss in accuracy.
Reviewing the Service Specification of the IEEE 802.16 MAC Layer Connection Management: A Formal Approach

In most of the communication protocol specification documents, there is little, if any, use of more formal techniques for specifying the protocols, such as state and service primitive tables. Thus, these documents are sometimes ambiguous, difficult to understand, and imprecise. The IEEE 802.16 standard document is responsible for specifying and describing the air interface of the BWA systems (Broadband Wireless Access Systems) point to multipoint fixed and mobile networks, and is limited to the description of the MAC(Medium Access Control) layer and physical (PHY). Since the MAC layer is connection-oriented, the standard defines how the connection management service is provided. The service is specified as the occurrence of a set of well-defined service primitives. However, the description of the service specification is somehow informal and presents some ambiguities and inconsistences. So in this paper, we describe the omissions, uncertainties and discrepancies found in the standard documents and propose some solutions to fix these problems. We also provide a formal description of the connection management service specification using Finite State Automata (FSA).
Attention and written expression in school-age, high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders

High-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders often find writing challenging. These writing difficulties may be specific to autism spectrum disorder or to a more general clinical effect of attention disturbance, as these children are often comorbid for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology (and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder often also find writing challenging). To examine this issue, this study investigated the role of attention disturbance on writing in 155 school-age children across four diagnostic groups: high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD) with lower ADHD symptoms (HFASD-L), HFASD with higher ADHD symptoms (HFASD-H), ADHD symptoms but no autism spectrum disorder symptoms, and typical development. Both HFASD subgroups and the ADHD group displayed lower word production writing scores than the typical development group, but the clinical groups did not differ. The HFASD-H and ADHD groups had significantly lower theme development and text organization writing scores than the typical development group, but the HFASD-L and typical development groups were not significantly different. The findings support prior research reporting writing problems in children with autism spectrum disorder but also suggest that children with HFASD-H may be at greater risk for writing difficulties than children with HFASD-L. Better understanding the role of attention in writing development could advance methods for assessment and intervention for children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder at risk for writing difficulties.
Does Walking Mitigate Affective and Cognitive Responses to Social Exclusion?

Social exclusion can produce harmful affective and cognitive responses that undermine healthy functioning. Physical activity is known to have acute affective and cognitive effects that are adaptive and therefore may mitigate these responses. The purpose of this study was to assess walking as a strategy to reduce the effects of social exclusion on affect and working memory performance. Healthy female college students (N = 96, Mage = 19.2 ± 0.8 years) were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: (a) sedentary plus neutral feedback, (b) sedentary plus exclusion feedback, (c) walking plus neutral feedback, or (d) walking plus exclusion feedback. Pre- and postactivity and pre- and postfeedback measures of affect and working memory performance were recorded. Excluded participants had a significant negative shift in affect following feedback, p < . 05. Those who were sedentary prior to exclusion had lower affect scores following exclusion than the walking plus exclusion and neutral feedback conditions, p < . 05. There were no direct effects of walking or social exclusion on working memory. However, perceptions of being ignored predicted smaller improvements in working memory performance for participants who were sedentary prior to exclusion, p < . 05. The findings suggest that walking prior to social exclusion may mitigate the affective response to social exclusion as well as social perceptions that can undermine working memory. More broadly, this work supports continued examination of physical activity as a potential strategy for helping individuals cope with negative social experiences.
Multi-label Problem Transformation Methods: a Case Study

Traditional classication algorithms consider learning problems that contain only one label, i.e., each example is associated with one single nominal target variable characterizing its property. However, the number of practical applications involving data with multiple target variables has increased. To learn from this sort of data, multi-label classication algorithms should be used. The task of learning from multi-label data can be addressed by methods that transform the multi-label classication problem into several single-label classication problems. In this work, two well known methods based on this approach are used, as well as a third method we propose to overcome some deciencies of one of them, in a case study using textual data related to medical ndings, which were structured using the bag-of-words approach. The experimental study using these three methods shows an improvement on the results obtained by our proposed multi-label classication method.
Tsallis entropy and sparse reconstructive dictionary learning for exudate detection in diabetic retinopathy

Abstract. Computer-assisted automated exudate detection is crucial for large-scale screening of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The motivation of this work is robust and accurate detection of low contrast and isolated hard exudates using fundus imaging. Gabor filtering is first performed to enhance exudate visibility followed by Tsallis entropy thresholding. The obtained candidate exudate pixel map is useful for further removal of falsely detected candidates using sparse-based dictionary learning and classification. Two reconstructive dictionaries are learnt using the intensity, gradient, local energy, and transform domain features extracted from exudate and background patches of the training fundus images. Then, a sparse representation-based classifier separates the true exudate pixels from false positives using least reconstruction error. The proposed method is evaluated on the publicly available e-ophtha EX and standard DR database calibration level 1 (DIARETDB1) databases and high exudate detection performance is achieved. In the e-ophtha EX database, mean sensitivity of 85.80% and positive predictive value of 57.93% are found. For the DIARETDB1 database, an area under the curve of 0.954 is obtained.