Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Actions with duration and constraints: the ramification problem in temporal databases

The ramification problem is a hard and ever present problem in systems exhibiting dynamic behavior. The area of temporal databases in particular still lacks satisfactory solutions to the ramification problem. In this paper we address the ramification problem based on causal relationships that take time into account. We study the problem for both instantaneous actions and actions with duration. The proposed solution advances previous work by considering actions with effects occurring in any of the possible future situations resulting from an action's execution.
Integrating the Science of Addiction and the Science of Wellbeing

A gap between public understanding, cutting edge brain science and the practice of addiction treatment has created hardship for those suffering. New perspective replaces the term addiction with the new concept of a continuum of substance use. Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is now regarded as a manifestation of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, which contributes to a spectrum of disorders related to genetic polymorphisms, especially in regard to impulsive, addictive and compulsive behaviors. The new brain science of addiction requires neurological medical intervention and novel treatment with nutraceuticals, the building blocks of neurotransmission. Innovative alterative holistic and wellness therapies are proving to be beneficial in helping the sufferer thrive despite chronic neurological challenge.
Distributed traffic aware routing with multiple sinks in wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a distributed traffic-aware routing system for wireless sensor networks with multiple sinks. In multisink networks, traffic moving toward one sink may congest that moving toward others. The algorithm presented here considers the traffic of surrounding neighbors before jumping to any sink. We accomplish this by building, for each single sink, a gradient field and using gradient search for routing. The gradient index of one node contains two parts. (1) The first represents the distance-cost to travel, based on ROLL (routing over lossy link) proposed by an IETF working group. (2) The second contains the implicit traffic delay carried by the current holding node. Gradient field is built in distributing way and proved to free from loop. By simulation, we show that this method of building gradient field routes balance between shortest path and possible congestion made by sinks, especially in heavy traffic networks, thereby reducing the overall end-to-end delay.
What are you doing the rest of your life? A profile of Jazz/Contemporary Voice graduates

Over the past two decades the topic of graduate outcomes has increasingly informed the discourse on the changing nature of universities. For conservatoires and university music departments the global shift in audience demand away from western classical music and jazz styles (traditionally the cornerstone tertiary music programs) to contemporary commercial music (CCM) has added an extra dimension to the graduate outcomes discussion with respect to vocation preparation and musicians’ portfolio careers. Few studies have tracked the career paths of music graduates across time with none focused on jazz/contemporary singers. This report discusses the findings from a snapshot study of Jazz/Contemporary Voice graduates (2001 to 2012) of one Australian conservatoire. The purpose of this research was to better describe this population of graduates in terms of employment outcomes, the dynamics of their employment activities, employment-seeking strategies and the relevance of university coursework to their employability. Their responses have implications for tertiary music training programs.
From defamiliarization to foregrounding and defeated expectancy: Linguo-stylistic and cognitive sketch

Abstract The article focuses on revealing the nature of defamiliarization, foregrounding, and defeated expectancy from a linguo-stylistic and cognitive perspective. It has been stated that defamiliarization, composed by different types of foregrounding and defeated expectancy as deviation, generated with a certain stylistic purpose are complex phenomena. The article highlights cognitive factors which ensure the creation of defamiliarization and defeated expectancy in the literary texts.
Effects of changing precipitation regimes on dryland soil respiration and C pool dynamics at rainfall event, seasonal and interannual scales

[1] Predicted precipitation regime changes in arid ecosystems have the potential to alter soil C balance, but the influence of changes in different aspects of precipitation (amount, seasonality, and intensity) and the factors contributing to such effects are poorly understood. We used a process-based ecosystem model (PALS) that was modified, parameterized, and evaluated for a Mojave Desert ecosystem in the southwestern US to simulate how dryland soil respiration (Rs) and soil C pool size responded to precipitation changes at multiple temporal scales. The effects of changing precipitation on Rs were largely mediated by the contrasting respiratory response of plants (Ra) and soil microbes (Rh) and confounded by predrought duration, season, soil temperature, plant phenology, and substrate availability. Increases in precipitation amount stimulated Rs and increased the contribution of Ra to Rs, whereas reductions in summer rainfall and strong increases in rainfall event size reduced total Rs and decreased the contribution of Ra to Rs. Increases in annual rainfall and decreases in summer rainfall benefited dryland soil C sequestration, whereas strong increases in rainfall event size resulted in a loss of soil C, with labile soil C pools being more responsive to precipitation regime changes than recalcitrant C pools at a decadal scale. These simulation results implied that dryland soils may act as C sinks with increased precipitation amount or C sources with decreased precipitation amount, but the strength of the sink/source may be mediated by accompanying shifts in rainfall seasonality and event size distribution.
A Predictive Model of Disordered Eating: The Role of Negative Appearance-Based Commentary in Familial and Romantic Relationships

ii Acknowledgements.iv List of Tables. ix List of Figures.x Chapter 1: Introduction.1 Interpersonal Influences on Disordered Eating. 2 Contributions of Family Dynamics.3 Contributions of Family Abuse.4 Role of Appearance-Related Commentary Within the Family.7 Contributions of Romantic Partners.7 Role of Appearance-Related Commentary Within Romantic Relationships.8 Purpose. 9 Operational Definitions.11 Research Hypotheses. 14 Significance.14 Chapter 2: Literature Review.16 Family Dysfunction and Disordered Eating.16 Family Dysfunction, Negative Family Commentary Regarding Appearance, and Disordered Eating. 26 vii Family Abuse and Disordered Eating.29 Family Dysfunction and Family Abuse.36 Negative Family Commentary Regarding Appearance as an Extreme Form of Family Dysfunction.41 Relationship Between Family Abuse and Interpersonal Abuse.42 Interpersonal Violence and Disordered Eating.45 Negative Comments From a Romantic Partner as a Form of Psychological Abuse. 48 Chapter 3: Methods. 53 Design. 53 Participants.53 Sample Characteristics. 54 Procedure. 55 Measures. 57 Data Analytic Strategy. 67 Chapter 4: Results.71 Descriptive Information for Measured Variables. 71 Tests of Data Normality. 73 Tests of Hypotheses. 75 Relationship between family dysfunction and disordered eating. 75 Relationship between family abuse and disordered eating. 75 Effect of family abuse on negative mother commentary and disordered eating. 76 Effect of family dysfunction on family abuse, negative mother commentary, and disordered eating.76
Long‐term demographic decline and late glacial divergence in a Californian paleoendemic: Sequoiadendron giganteum (giant sequoia)

Abstract Mediterranean ecosystems comprise a high proportion of endemic taxa whose response to climate change will depend on their evolutionary origins. In the California flora, relatively little attention has been given to the evolutionary history of paleoendemics from a molecular perspective, yet they number among some of the world's most iconic plant species. Here, we address questions of demographic change in Sequoiadendron giganteum (giant sequoia) that is restricted to a narrow belt of groves in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. We ask whether the current distribution is a result of northward colonization since the last glacial maximum (LGM), restriction of a broader range in the recent past (LGM) or independent colonizations in the deeper past. Genetic diversity at eleven microsatellite loci decreased with increasing latitude, but partial regressions suggested this was a function of smaller population sizes in the north. Disjunct populations north of the Kings River were divergent from those south of the Kings River that formed a single cluster in Bayesian assignment tests. Demographic inferences supported a demographic contraction just prior to the LGM as the most likely scenario for the current disjunct range of the species. This contraction appeared to be superimposed upon a long‐term decline in giant sequoia over the last 2 million years, associated with increasing aridity due to the Mediterranean climate. Overall, low genetic diversity, together with competition in an environment to which giant sequoia is likely already poorly adapted, will pose major constraints on its success in the face of increasing aridity.
Sleep Schedule for Fast and Efficient Control of Parameters in Wireless Sensor-Actor Networks

Wireless sensor-actor networks can provide remote sensing and actuation services in a variety of applications. Depending on the application, the network should rapidly respond to critical variations in sensor input and take appropriate control action by the actor nodes without any delay. In order to prolong the lifetime of sensor networks, energy saving is done using sleep scheduling algorithms. Though the existing methods save energy, they lead to a large increase in end-to-end latency, which affects the efficiency of the sensor-actor network that requires fast control action. We propose a novel sleep schedule for the radio of the nodes for fast and efficient control of parameters (SEC) in sensor-actor networks with a semi-automated architecture that require minimum latency. During normal operation, the sensor nodes sense the parameters periodically using a static schedule. If the value of any parameter exceeds the set point the sink calculates the error signal and the sleep schedule is changed dynamically to activate the actor nodes in the area of interest. The corresponding sensor-actor nodes are made completely active till the error signal becomes zero, i.e. till the parameters are brought within the set point. The objectives of our protocol are to (1) minimize the latency in controlling the parameters by activating the actor nodes for the appropriate duration using the dynamic schedule (2) reduce the energy consumption by activating the neighboring sensor-actor nodes completely, only when parameters exceed the set point. Simulation results show that SEC protocol performs better than S-MAC by providing nearly 80% low latency with minimum energy consumption
Poverty, Violence, and Health: The Impact of Domestic Violence During Pregnancy on Newborn Health

Two percent of women in the United States suffer from intimate partner violence annually, with poor and minority women disproportionately affected. I provide evidence of an important negative externality associated with domestic violence by estimating a negative and causal relationship between violence during pregnancy and newborn health, exploiting variation in the enforcement of laws against domestic violence for identification. I find that hospitalization for an assault while pregnant reduces birth weight by 163 grams. This sheds new light on the infant health production process as well as observed income gradients in health given that poor mothers are disproportionately affected by violence.
Eigenpath traversal by phase randomization

A computation in adiabatic quantum computing is implemented by traversing a path of nondegenerate eigenstates of a continuous family of Hamiltonians. We introduce a method that traverses a discretized form of the path: At each step we apply the instantaneous Hamiltonian for a random time. The resulting decoherence approximates a projective measurement onto the desired eigenstate, achieving a version of the quantum Zeno effect. If negative evolution times can be implemented with constant overhead, then the average absolute evolution time required by our method is O(L2/Δ) for constant error probability, where L is the length of the path of eigenstates and Δ is the minimum spectral gap of the Hamiltonian. The dependence of the cost on Δ is optimal. Making explicit the dependence on the path length is useful for cases where L is much less than the general bound. The complexity of our method has a logarithmic improvement over previous algorithms of this type. The same cost applies to the discrete-time case, where a family of unitary operators is given and each unitary and its inverse can be used. Restriction to positive evolution times incurs an error that decreases exponentially with the cost. Applications of this method to unstructured search and quantum sampling are considered. In particular, we discuss the quantum simulated annealing algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. This algorithm provides a quadratic speed-up in the gap of the stochastic matrix over its classical counterpart implemented via Markov chain Monte Carlo.
An event-based POI service from microblogs

A point of interest (POI) is a location that users can find something interesting. The POI information is typically made by the POI service provider and users can also add comments to a POI or add a new POI to enrich the POI contents. However, the information does not update frequently and some new points or time-sensitive events may not be marked in the POI service. Therefore, we construct a framework to extract the events from microblog to support an event-based POI service different from traditional POI service. With this kind of application, users can easily to get the events around them. In Web 2.0, microblog has become an important media spreading information in the web. With the help of mobile devices, microblogs can spread the information with greater spatiotemporal sensitivity. We take the spatial and temporal features of messages in microblogs to detect spatiotemporal events and use it to enrich POI service. This work aims at detecting spatiotemporal events in microblogs with an pair {location, time} from an handset device and feedbacks information to the users. To achieve this goal, we propose a framework with 4 phases: (1) profile construction; (2) feature extraction; (3) event summary detection; (4) ranking events. In this paper, we propose STF(standing for Spatio-Temporal Focus) value to evaluate the distinctiveness of a feature. Furthermore, we combine STF value with document overlap to expand an event cluster from an event seed. To extract the top-k possible event summaries, an efficient top-k soft clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper. In the experiments, we use real data set from Twitter to verify our proposed framework.
Nocodazole-dependent transport, and brefeldin A--sensitive processing and sorting, of newly synthesized membrane proteins in cultured neurons

The envelope glycoproteins of Semliki Forest virus (SFV), Vesicular Stomatitis virus (VSV), and Influenza Fowl Plague virus (FPV) are vectorially targeted in neurons to the plasma membrane of dendrites (SFV and VSV) and axons (FPV). To gain insight into the mechanisms responsible for such polarized delivery we have examined the effects on neurons of nocodazole and brefeldin A (BFA), which are known to cause microtubule depolymerization and disassembly of the Golgi apparatus, respectively. Nocodazole treatment blocked transport of all viral glycoproteins to both axons and dendrites. BFA treatment induced disruption of the Golgi complex, including the trans-Golgi network (TGN), and tubulation of endosomes. However, the delivery of the SFV and FPV glycoproteins to the cell surface was not affected significantly by BFA, although processing and sorting were altered, as revealed by surface biotinylation and immunofluorescence microscopy of fixed nonpermeabilized cells. These results demonstrate the involvement of microtubules in axonal and dendritic transport of integral membrane glycoproteins, and the existence of a BFA-sensitive component in the sorting but not in the transport machinery.
Machine Translation Evaluation for Arabic using Morphologically-enriched Embeddings

Evaluation of machine translation (MT) into morphologically rich languages (MRL) has not been well studied despite posing many challenges. In this paper, we explore the use of embeddings obtained from different levels of lexical and morpho-syntactic linguistic analysis and show that they improve MT evaluation into an MRL. Specifically we report on Arabic, a language with complex and rich morphology. Our results show that using a neural-network model with different input representations produces results that clearly outperform the state-of-the-art for MT evaluation into Arabic, by almost over 75% increase in correlation with human judgments on pairwise MT evaluation quality task. More importantly, we demonstrate the usefulness of morpho-syntactic representations to model sentence similarity for MT evaluation and address complex linguistic phenomena of Arabic.
Evaluation of a Program to Encourage Underrepresented Minority and Women Students to Become Interested in Research and to Attain Graduate Degrees

-In the fall of 2002, the Collaborative Interdisciplinary Research Community (CIRC) program began at the Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering. CIRC was funded by the National Science Foundation Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics (CSEMS) program. The purpose of CIRC is to graduate more U.S. citizens and permanent residents in engineering and computer science and to also encourage these students to go on to graduate school. An emphasis of the program is on underrepresented minority and women students to help increase the low national representation of women (20%) and of minority students (5%) in engineering graduate schools. In addition to being strong academic students, the participants in the program must also have financial need as defined by FAFSA. The evolution of the program over four years is described. Beginning in Spring 2005, a detailed study plan was also presented to the students in addition to the usual time management workshop. Evaluations are taken at each meeting and the results are given back to the students at the subsequent meeting. Samples results are included in the paper. The success of the program is reported in the number of participants graduated and the number that have gone on to graduate school. The participation by women and underrepresented minority students is also included. The CIRC graduate school participation is compared with national figures. Introduction In the fall of 2002, the Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering received a grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award # 0123146) in the Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics (CSEMS) program. The emphasis for this grant is on engineering and computer science, both housed in the Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering at Arizona State University (ASU). The purpose of CIRC is to graduate more U.S. citizens and permanent residents in engineering and computer science and to also encourage these students to go on to graduate school. An emphasis of the program is on underrepresented minority and women students to help increase the low national representation of women (20%) and of minority students (5%) in engineering graduate schools (Engineering Workforce Commission, 2004). In addition to being strong academic students, the participants in the program must also have financial need as defined by FAFSA.
Making Sense of Student Feedback Using Text Analysis--Adapting and Expanding a Common Lexicon.

Purpose This paper aims to report the findings of a study into the automated text analysis of student feedback comments to assist in investigating a high volume of qualitative information at various levels in an Australian university. It includes the drawbacks and advantages of using selected applications and established lexicons. There has been an emphasis on the analysis of the statistical data collected using student surveys of learning and teaching, while the qualitative comments provided by students are often not systematically scrutinised. Student comments are important, as they provide a level of detail and insight that are imperative to quality assurance practices. Design/methodology/approach The paper outlines the process by which the institution researched, developed and implemented the automated analysis of student qualitative comments in surveys of units and teaching. Findings The findings indicated that there are great benefits in implementing this automated process, particularly in the analysis of evaluation data for units with large enrolments. The analysis improved efficiency in the interpretation of student comments. However, a degree of human intervention is still required in creating reports that are meaningful and relevant to the context. Originality/value This paper is unique in its examination of one institution’s journey in developing a process to support academics staff in interpreting and understanding student comments provided in surveys of units and teaching.
Another Test of Gender Differences in Assignments to Precarious Leadership Positions: Examining the Moderating Role of Ambivalent Sexism

Women face significant hurdles in the attainment of leadership positions. When they do attain them such positions tend to be riskier than those attained by men, a form of bias called glass cliff. This study investigates ambivalent sexism as an individual difference that influences the occurrence of glass cliff. Little research examines individual differences contributing to glass cliff. It is proposed that individuals with high hostile and benevolent sexism are more likely to perceive women to be suitable for leadership of a poorly-performing organization and men to be suitable for leadership of a well-performing organization. The sample of our experimental study consisted of 378 students who rated either a female or a male candidate under a poor or good performance condition. We tested our hypotheses using a moderated regression analysis. Both components of sexism impacted how individuals evaluated male and female leaders under different organizational performance conditions. Hostile sexism was the dimension that led to glass cliff. Benevolent sexism had an unexpected effect on leadership choice. The differences between the two types of sexism and the different role each type plays in preference for masculine and feminine leadership are discussed. Leader gender and perceiver s sexist attitudes influence evaluations for leadership positions.