Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Whole Heart Stress Perfusion CT Imaging as Noninvasive Assessment of Hemodynamics in Coronary Artery Stenosis: Preliminary Animal Experience

Purpose:To quantify differences in regional myocardial perfusion in coronary artery stenosis by the use of dual source computed tomography (DSCT) in an animal model. Material and Methods:In 5 pigs, an 80% stenosis of the left anterior descending artery was successfully induced by partial balloon occlusion (ischemia group). Five animals served as control group. All animals underwent contrast enhanced whole heart DSCT (Definition Flash, Siemens, Germany) perfusion imaging using a prototype electrocardiogram -triggered dynamic scan mode. Imaging was performed at rest as well as under stress conditions during continuous infusion of adenosine (240 mg/kg/min). For contrast enhancement 60 mL Iopromide 300 (Ultravist 300, Bayer-Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany) were injected at a rate of 6 mL/s. Myocardial blood flow (MBF), first pass distribution volume, and intravascular blood volume were volumetrically quantified. Results:In the control group MBF increased significantly from 98.2 mL/100 mL/min to 134.0 mL/100 mL/min if adenosine was administered (P = 0.0153). There were no significant differences in the perfusion parameters comparing the control and ischemia group at rest. In the ischemia group MBF under stress was 74.0 ± 21.9 mL/100 mL/min in the poststenotic myocardium and 117.4 ± 18.6 mL/100 mL/min in the remaining normal myocardium (P = 0.0024). Conclusion:DSCT permits quantitative whole heart perfusion imaging. As this technique is able to show the hemodynamic effect of high grade coronary artery stenosis, it exceeds the present key limitation of cardiac computed tomography, which currently only allows a morphologic assessment of coronary artery stenosis.
Optical flow estimation using Approximate Nearest Neighbor Field fusion

This paper proposes an optical flow algorithm by adapting Approximate Nearest Neighbor Fields (ANNF) to obtain a pixel level optical flow between image sequence. Patch similarity based coherency is performed to refine the ANNF maps. Further improvement in mapping between the two images are obtained by fusing bidirectional ANNF maps between pair of images. Thus a highly accurate pixel level flow is obtained between the pair of images. Using pyramidal cost optimization, the pixel level optical flow is further optimized to a sub-pixel level. The proposed approach is evaluated on the mid-dlebury dataset and the performance obtained is comparable with the state of the art approaches. Furthermore, the proposed approach can be used to compute large displacement optical flow as evaluated using MPI Sintel dataset.
Personalized search based on learning user click history

Nowadays, Web Search Engines have become an indispensable tool for people to find internet resources. However, current Web Search Engines still have many drawbacks. They serve all people in the same way, regardless of the individual needs of each user, which obviously cannot satisfy most of the users. Personalized Search is proposed to solve this problem and to improve the retrieve quality. This paper deeply investigates the approach for personalized search, and has proposed a practical and effective method.
FoP: Never-Ending Learner for Multimedia Knowledge Extraction

In this paper we present our system Faces of Politics (henceforth FoP), that is able to continuously learn multimedia knowledge of Web multimedia resources about the presence of person(s) in a pictures and to leverage this knowledge to the Linked Open Data cloud (LOD-cloud). FoP promotes both scalability of the data lift process for this domain and a structured knowledge representation for complex queries. The system was boots traped using Freebase data about politicians and their pictures, and we show that the model provides a good generalization with an error rate below 7%. Meantime, FoP not only relates a person to a multimedia resource, but it also detects and publishes metadata on the position of the person in the picture. Moreover, it supports the presence of several persons in the picture. At this step, FoP is also giving data in return to the LoD cloud that fed him in the first place: it leverages Linked Data on people recognized in these pictures, and on which rectangle area. This allows fine-grained queries like creating a curation of documents in which a person is depicted relatively to another for instance. On a technical point-of-view, we also provide a Website for browsing FoP knowledge base as Web users, and we also offer a public SPARQL endpoint for robots or other Web applications.
Functional and Selective Targeting of Adenovirus to High-Affinity Fcγ Receptor I-Positive Cells by Using a Bispecific Hybrid Adapter

ABSTRACT Adenovirus (Ad) efficiently delivers its DNA genome into a variety of cells and tissues, provided that these cells express appropriate receptors, including the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR), which binds to the terminal knob domain of the viral capsid protein fiber. To render CAR-negative cells susceptible to Ad infection, we have produced a bispecific hybrid adapter protein consisting of the amino-terminal extracellular domain of the human CAR protein (CARex) and the Fc region of the human immunoglobulin G1 protein, comprising the hinge and the CH2 and CH3 regions. CARex-Fc was purified from COS7 cell supernatants and mixed with Ad particles, thus blocking Ad infection of CAR-positive but Fc receptor-negative cells. The functionality of the CARex domain was further confirmed by successful immunization of mice with CARex-Fc followed by selection of a monoclonal anti-human CAR antibody (E1-1), which blocked Ad infection of CAR-positive cells. When mixed with Ad expressing eGFP, CARex-Fc mediated an up to 250-fold increase of transgene expression in CAR-negative human monocytic cell lines expressing the high-affinity Fcγ receptor I (CD64) but not in cells expressing the low-affinity Fcγ receptor II (CD32) or III (CD16). These results open new perspectives for Ad-mediated cancer cell vaccination, including the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
Drift of Scroll Wave Filaments in an Anisotropic Model of the Left Ventricle of the Human Heart

Scroll waves are three-dimensional vortices which occur in excitable media. Their formation in the heart results in the onset of cardiac arrhythmias, and the dynamics of their filaments determine the arrhythmia type. Most studies of filament dynamics were performed in domains with simple geometries and generic description of the anisotropy of cardiac tissue. Recently, we developed an analytical model of fibre structure and anatomy of the left ventricle (LV) of the human heart. Here, we perform a systematic study of the dynamics of scroll wave filaments for the cases of positive and negative tension in this anatomical model. We study the various possible shapes of LV and different degree of anisotropy of cardiac tissue. We show that, for positive filament tension, the final position of scroll wave filament is mainly determined by the thickness of the myocardial wall but, however, anisotropy attracts the filament to the LV apex. For negative filament tension, the filament buckles, and for most cases, tends to the apex of the heart with no or slight dependency on the thickness of the LV. We discuss the mechanisms of the observed phenomena and their implications for cardiac arrhythmias.
Generalized access control in hierarchical computer network

The paper presents the design of the security layer for a distributed system located in the multizone hierarchical computer network. Depending on the zone from which a client's request comes to the system and the type of the request, it will be either authorized or rejected. There is one common layer for the access to all the business services and interactions between them. Unlike the commonly used RBAC model, this system enforces a multilayer authentication and authorization. Actor's privileges are the result of the user's and the system's roles conjunction with the network zone. Unlike common systems, the privileges are given to a digital identity, not to particular accounts, so that it does not matter which account was used by the user - he will get the same privileges. Such a combination of many smaller ideas and methods results in a new and modern approach to the security aspects of the distributed service oriented systems.
3D Model Based Detection of People in Monocular Video Sequences Taken in Trainstations

The person detection module can be decomposed into three submodules (see figure I), the imageThis article focuses on a new approach for three- sequence preprocessor, the modelling part and the dimensional people detection in monocular image detection module (the hypothesis generator), which sequences taken from stationary cameras with fixed are explained in the following. focal lengths. The main contribution of the new alu gorithm is the combination of the following four parts. An abstract articulated geometrical person (Sequence] model, a scene model including a platform and a camera model, a hypothesis generator for people positions based on the CONDENSATION algorithm, and a fast clustering approach for the people detection. This approach allows the robust detection of several persons on the platform in realtime. This approach demonstrates that even with monocular image processing algorithms it is possible to detect people in realtime and to obtain information on their three-dimensional locations.
Standardization of Ayurvedic formulation- Kutajadi Kashay Curna

The present study deals with the scientific evaluation and standardization of the Ayurvedic compound formulation Kutajadi Kashay Curna (KKC) following quality control procedures recommended for the finished product. The parameters studied for standardization are physicochemical parameters, phytochemical parameters and HPTLC profiles. The values obtained for physico-chemical parameters, HPTLC profile will be useful for maintaining batch to batch consistency and quality of the formulation. HPTLC studies revealed the presence of bands belonging to the ingredients in the compound formulation. These diagnostic spots could be utilized for standardization purposes.
Variations on quantitative comparability measures and their evaluations on synthetic French-English comparable corpora

Following the pioneering work by \cite{Li-Gaussier-10}, we address in this paper the analysis of a family of quantitative comparability measures dedicated to the construction and evaluation of topical comparable corpora. After recalling the definition of the quantitative comparability measure proposed by \cite{Li-Gaussier-10}, we develop some variants of this measure based primarily on the consideration that the occurrence frequencies of lexical entries and the number of their translations are important. We compare the respective advantages and disadvantages of these variants in the context of an evaluation framework that is based on the progressive degradation of the Europarl parallel corpus. The degradation is obtained by replacing either deterministically or randomly a varying amount of lines in blocks that compose partitions of the initial Europarl corpus. The impact of the coverage of bilingual dictionaries on these measures is also discussed and perspectives are finally presented.
Resting-State Temporal Synchronization Networks Emerge from Connectivity Topology and Heterogeneity

Spatial patterns of coherent activity across different brain areas have been identified during the resting-state fluctuations of the brain. However, recent studies indicate that resting-state activity is not stationary, but shows complex temporal dynamics. We were interested in the spatiotemporal dynamics of the phase interactions among resting-state fMRI BOLD signals from human subjects. We found that the global phase synchrony of the BOLD signals evolves on a characteristic ultra-slow (<0.01Hz) time scale, and that its temporal variations reflect the transient formation and dissolution of multiple communities of synchronized brain regions. Synchronized communities reoccurred intermittently in time and across scanning sessions. We found that the synchronization communities relate to previously defined functional networks known to be engaged in sensory-motor or cognitive function, called resting-state networks (RSNs), including the default mode network, the somato-motor network, the visual network, the auditory network, the cognitive control networks, the self-referential network, and combinations of these and other RSNs. We studied the mechanism originating the observed spatiotemporal synchronization dynamics by using a network model of phase oscillators connected through the brain’s anatomical connectivity estimated using diffusion imaging human data. The model consistently approximates the temporal and spatial synchronization patterns of the empirical data, and reveals that multiple clusters that transiently synchronize and desynchronize emerge from the complex topology of anatomical connections, provided that oscillators are heterogeneous.
Quantitative assessment of liver fibrosis using shore durometer

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether hardness of liver surface correlated with degree of liver fibrosis, and its association with posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). Methods A shore durometer was used to measure hepatic hardness in 41 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and in 10 patients with normal liver. We investigated how hepatic hardness correlates with various values indicating the degree of liver fibrosis, and how it correlates with PHLF. Results In the normal liver group, the surface shore units (SU) was 15.06 ± 2.64. In the HCC group, there was a correlation between surface SU and preoperative results indicating liver fibrosis. Among patients with PHLF after resecting over 3 segments, the surface SU of patients with grade A PHLF was 21.85 ± 5.63, and the surface SU of patients with grade C PHLF was 35.75 ± 9.26. In patients with PHLF after resecting 2 or less segments, the surface SU of patients with PHLF grade A was 20.95 ± 5.18, and the surface SU of patients with PHLF grade B was 31.60 ± 5.57. In predicting PHLF, surface SU was more effective than preoperative platelet count, spleen volume, or liver fibrosis index. Conclusion Hepatic hardness measured by the shore durometer was correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis. Liver surface SU was a more effective parameter for predicting PHLF, as compared to other indicators evaluated before hepatectomy. The decision to perform major hepatectomy should be reconsidered in cases with a liver surface SU of >30.
SU-F-T-429: Craniospinal Irradiation by VMAT Technique: Impact of FFF Beam and High Resolution MLC On Plan Quality.

PURPOSE Objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of using flattening filter free (FFF) beam with 0.5 cm multileaf collimator (MLC) leaves over conventional flattened beam with 1 cm leaf width MLC on the treatment plan quality in cranio-spinal irradiation (CSI). METHODS For five medulloblastoma cases (3 males and 2 females), who were previously treated by volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique using conventional flattened beam shaped by 1 cm width MLC leaves, four test plans were generated and compared against the delivered plan. These retrospective plans consisted of four different combinations of flattened and FFF beams from Elekta's Agility treatment head with 0.5 cm width MLC leaves. Sparing of organs at risks (OAR) in terms of dose to 5%, 50%, 75% and 90% volumes, mean and maximum dose were evaluated. RESULTS All plans satisfied the planning objective of covering 95% of PTV by at least 95% of prescription dose. Marginal variation of dose spillage was observed between different VMAT plans at very low dose range (1-5 Gy). Variation in dose statistics for PTVs and OARs were within 1% or 1 Gy. Amongst the five plans, the plan with flattened beam with 1 cm MLC had the highest number of MUs, 2.13 times higher than the plan with Agility MLC with FFF beam that had the least number of MUs. No statistically significant difference (p≥0.05) was observed between the reference plan and the retrospectively generated plans in terms of PTV coverage, cold spot, hot spot and organ at risk doses. CONCLUSION In the treatment of CSI cases by VMAT technique, FFF beams and/or finer width MLC did not exhibit advantage over the flattened beams or wider MLC in terms of plan quality except for reduction in MUs.
Group Membership for Groups with Primitive Orbits Namita Sarawagi, Gene Cooperman, and 253

This paper considers a permutation group G = 〈S〉 of degree n with t orbits such that the action on each orbit is primitive. It presents a O(tn2 logc(n)) time Monte Carlo group membership algorithm for some constant c. The algorithm is notable for its use of a new theorem showing how to find O(t log n) generators in O (̃|S|n) time under a more general form of the above hypotheses. The algorithm relies on new combinatorial methods for computing with groups [CF92] and previous work of Babai, Luks and Seress [BLS88]. In addition, it makes extensive use of a structure theorem for primitive groups by Cameron [Cam81], which can be derived from results of Kantor [Kan79] and the classification of finite simple groups.
Paternal care and litter size coevolution in mammals

Biparental care of offspring occurs in diverse mammalian genera and is particularly common among species with socially monogamous mating systems. Despite numerous well-documented examples, however, the evolutionary causes and consequences of paternal care in mammals are not well understood. Here, we investigate the evolution of paternal care in relation to offspring production. Using comparative analyses to test for evidence of evolutionary associations between male care and life-history traits, we explore if biparental care is likely to have evolved because of the importance of male care to offspring survival, or if evolutionary increases in offspring production are likely to result from the evolution of biparental care. Overall, we find no evidence that paternal care has evolved in response to benefits of supporting females to rear particularly costly large offspring or litters. Rather, our findings suggest that increases in offspring production are more likely to follow the evolution of paternal care, specifically where males contribute depreciable investment such as provisioning young. Through coevolution with litter size, we conclude that paternal care in mammals is likely to play an important role in stabilizing monogamous mating systems and could ultimately promote the evolution of complex social behaviours.
Distributed optimization for cooperative agents: application to formation flight

We present a simple decentralized algorithm to solve optimization problems involving cooperative agents. Cooperative agents share a common objective and simultaneously pursue private goals. Furthermore, agents are constrained by limited communication capabilities. The algorithm is based on dual decomposition techniques and appears to be very intuitive. It solves the dual problem of an artificially decomposed version of the primal problem, replacing one large computationally intractable problem with many smaller tractable problems. It returns a feasible solution to the primal problem as well as an upper bound on the distance between this solution and the global optimum. Both convex and nonconvex examples are presented, the complexity of the convex case is analyzed, and the savings in complexity are demonstrated for both examples. Finally, by showing that there is no duality gap in these examples, optimality is certified.
Local Information Busy Burst Thresholding

This paper presents a novel approach for setting the thresholds for busy burst (BB) enabled interference avoidance in TDD (time division duplex) systems. One of the key issues in the BB concept is the appropriate choice of the threshold, which determines whether a user is allowed to transmit on a specific time-frequency resource unit. For a two-link network we derive the optimum threshold value that maximises the sum rate. Furthermore, for multiple links, a new heuristic threshold that only relies on locally available information is derived. It is demonstrated via simulations that the heuristic threshold provides superior sum rate than a fixed system-wide threshold.
Normalising Medical Concepts in Social Media Texts by Learning Semantic Representation

Automatically recognising medical concepts mentioned in social media messages (e.g. tweets) enables several applications for enhancing health quality of people in a community, e.g. real-time monitoring of infectious diseases in population. However, the discrepancy between the type of language used in social media and medical ontologies poses a major challenge. Existing studies deal with this challenge by employing techniques, such as lexical term matching and statistical machine translation. In this work, we handle the medical concept normalisation at the semantic level. We investigate the use of neural networks to learn the transition between layman’s language used in social media messages and formal medical language used in the descriptions of medical concepts in a standard ontology. We evaluate our approaches using three different datasets, where social media texts are extracted from Twitter messages and blog posts. Our experimental results show that our proposed approaches significantly and consistently outperform existing effective baselines, which achieved state-of-the-art performance on several medical concept normalisation tasks, by up to 44%.
Assessment of Aerobic Exercise Adverse Effects during COPD Exacerbation Hospitalization

Introduction. Aerobic exercise performed after hospital discharge for exacerbated COPD patients is already recommended to improve respiratory and skeletal muscle strength, increase tolerance to activity, and reduce the sensation of dyspnea. Previous studies have shown that anaerobic activity can clinically benefit patients hospitalized with exacerbated COPD. However, there is little information on the feasibility and safety of aerobic physical activity performed by patients with exacerbated COPD during hospitalization. Objective. To evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise on vital signs in hospitalized patients with exacerbated COPD. Patients and Methods. Eleven COPD patients (63% female, FEV1: 34.2 ± 13.9% and age: 65 ± 11 years) agreed to participate. Aerobic exercise was initiated 72 hours after admission on a treadmill; speed was obtained from the distance covered in a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Vital signs were assessed before and after exercise. Results. During the activity systolic blood pressure increased from 125.2 ± 13.6 to 135.8 ± 15.0 mmHg (p = 0.004) and respiratory rate from 20.9 ± 4.4 to 24.2 ± 4.5 rpm (p = 0.008) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) decreased from 93.8 ± 2.3 to 88.5 ± 5.7% (p < 0.001). Aerobic activity was considered intense, heart rate ranged from 99.2 ± 11.5 to 119.1 ± 11.1 bpm at the end of exercise (p = 0.092), and patients reached on average 76% of maximum heart rate. Conclusion. Aerobic exercise conducted after 72 hours of hospitalization in patients with exacerbated COPD appears to be safe.
QUADRATIC DEPENDENCE MEASURE FOR NONLINEAR BLIND SOURCES SEPARATION

This work focuses on a quadratic dependence measure which can be used for blind source separation. After defining it, we show some links with other quadratic dependence measures used by Feuerverger and Rosenblatt. We develop a practical way for computing this measure, which leads us to a new solution for blind source separation in the case of nonlinear mixtures. It consists in first estimating the theoretical quadratic measure, then computing its relative gradient, finally minimizing it through a gradient descent method. Some examples illustrate our method in the post nonlinear mixtures.