Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BinPro: A Tool for Binary Source Code Provenance

Enforcing open source licenses such as the GNU General Public License (GPL), analyzing a binary for possible vulnerabilities, and code maintenance are all situations where it is useful to be able to determine the source code provenance of a binary. While previous work has either focused on computing binary-to-binary similarity or source-to-source similarity, BinPro is the first work we are aware of to tackle the problem of source-to-binary similarity. BinPro can match binaries with their source code even without knowing which compiler was used to produce the binary, or what optimization level was used with the compiler. To do this, BinPro utilizes machine learning to compute optimal code features for determining binary-to-source similarity and a static analysis pipeline to extract and compute similarity based on those features. Our experiments show that on average BinPro computes a similarity of 81% for matching binaries and source code of the same applications, and an average similarity of 25% for binaries and source code of similar but different applications. This shows that BinPro's similarity score is useful for determining if a binary was derived from a particular source code.
Opioid Dosing Policy : Pharmacological Considerations Regarding Equianalgesic Dosing

Jeffrey Fudin, PharmD, DAIPM, FCCP, FASHP President and Director, Scientific and Clinical Affairs for Remitigate, LLC, Delmar, NY Adjunct Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice and Pain Management, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY Adjunct Associate Professor, Western New England University College of Pharmacy, Springfield, MA Clinical Pharmacy Specialist and Director PGY2 Pain and Palliative Care Residency (WOC), Stratton VA Medical Center, Albany, NY
A Comparison of Three Soft Computing Techniques, Bayesian Regression, Support Vector Regression, and Wavelet Regression, for Monthly Rainfall Forecast

Abstract Rainfall, being one of the most important components of the hydrological cycle, plays an extremely important role in agriculture-based economies like India. This paper presents a comparison between three soft computing techniques, namely Bayesian regression (BR), support vector regression (SVR), and wavelet regression (WR), for monthly rainfall forecast in Assam, India. A WR model is a combination of discrete wavelet transform and linear regression. Monthly rainfall data for 102 years from 1901 to 2002 at 21 stations were used for this study. The performances of different models were evaluated based on the mean absolute error, root mean square error, correlation coefficient, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient. Based on model statistics, WR was found to be the most accurate followed by SVR and BR. The efficiencies for the BR, SVR, and WR models were found to be 32.8%, 52.9%, and 64.03%, respectively. From the spatial analysis of model performances, it was found that the models performed best for the upper Assam region followed by lower, southern, and middle regions, respectively.
Fundamental Elements of Employability Skills

Engineering graduates are produced every year but majority of them do not have good communication skills. Academic-technical knowledge and certification are the only prerequisites for well paid jobs in MNC’s. There is an excellent growth in well paying job opportunities in our country but many of our students lack in communication skills. A group of essential abilities that involve the development of a knowledge base , expertise level and mindset that is increasingly necessary for success in the modern workplace . Employability skills are typically considered essential qualifications for many job positions and hence have become necessary for an individual's employment success . Skills which has been identified as a fundamental element of graduate employability and takes its point of reference from the key skills framework: Written communication, Oral communication, Leadership, Problem solving, Team Work, Time management, Positive thinking, Lifelong learning and Professional Ethics. Academic and technical qualifications are easier to acquire but acquiring soft-skills is more difficult. The soft-skills are divided into three major divisions English language communication skills (including both verbal and Non-verbal) Emotional skills (including both Personal and inter personal) and Thinking skills (including both Critical and creative). Employability skills are typically considered essential qualifications for many job positions and hence have become necessary for an individual's employment success . Key Words: Communication Skills, Employability, Soft Skills
Social media as a promotional tool in higher education in Malaysia

Undoubtedly, marketing is an important tool to position and brand Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Nowadays, higher education is facing big challenges, which have made a lot of HEIs interested in attracting more students. Likewise, education marketing division in the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia was set up for the purpose of promoting Malaysian higher education. In recent years, with the rising importance of social media, many promotional tools like traditional print and broadcast media have faced major challenges, as many newspaper and television channels lost their audiences. Overwhelmingly, the majority of Malaysian HEIs are beginning to embrace some forms of social media for promotional purposes. This research is mainly descriptive and explanatory, and partially exploratory in nature. The collected data will be qualitative and quantitative based on survey questionnaires and semi-structured interviews on the application of social media in promoting Malaysian higher education. Beside these methods, secondary data collection from an analysis of Malaysian HEIs' online social communities will be conducted.
A New Rendering Model for X

X version 11 [SG92] was originally designed and implemented in 1987. In the intervening 13 years, there have been advancements in both applications and hardware, but the core of the X Window System has remained largely unchanged. The last major X server architecture changes were included in X11R4. The last wide-spread functional enhancement exported by the X server might well be the Shape extension [Pac89], designed (in the hot tub) at the 1989 Winter Usenix in San Diego. The rise of inexpensive Unix desktop systems in the last couple of years has led to the development of new user-interface libraries, which are not well served by the existing X rendering model. A new 2D rendering model is being developed to serve this new community of applications. The problem space and proposed solutions are discussed.
Skin and soft tissue infections in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study in a tertiary care center

Objective To identify factors that may influence outcomes in patients with severe skin and soft tissue infections in the intensive care unit. Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted in a cohort of 1,123 critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit with a primary or secondary diagnosis of severe skin and soft tissues infection between January 2006 and December 2014. Results Thirty patients were included, 20 (66.7%) of whom were diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis; in these patients, perineal area involvement was most commonly identified. Abscess was diagnosed in 8 (26.7%) patients, most commonly involving the cervical area. Risk factors such as immunosuppression and previous surgical trauma were commonly observed in this population. The most commonly isolated microorganism was Escherichia coli. Multidrug resistant microorganisms were commonly detected, even in the absence of traditional risk factors; among these patients, previous use of antibiotics was the most common risk factor for drug resistance. The rate of mortality was significantly higher in patients with necrotizing fasciitis (55%, p = 0.035) and associated with disease severity, presence of septic shock, cardiac arrest and leucocytosis. Conclusion Different risk factors and etiologies of severe skin and soft tissue infections were identified. Necrotizing fasciitis and drug-resistant bacteria were significant predictors of mortality, even in the absence of traditional risk factors. Obtaining a better understanding of trends in the risk factors and microorganisms associated with severe skin infections may help in the determination of prompt treatment and antibiotic choices.
Evaluation of available energy and total tract digestibility of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract of cottonseed oil for growing pigs by the difference and regression methods

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inclusion level on the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and total tract digestibility of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE) of cottonseed oil when fed to growing pigs. Methods Forty-two barrows (initial body weight = 35.51±2.01 kg) were randomly allotted to a completely randomized design with a corn-soybean meal basal diet, five levels of cottonseed oil (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%) and a 10% soybean oil diet. Each diet was replicated six times with one pig per replicate. The experiment lasted 19 days, 7 d for cage adaptation, 7 d for diets adaptation and last 5 d for feces and urine collection. The energy values and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of cottonseed oil and soybean oil were calculated by the difference method, and regression equations were established to predict the energy values of cottonseed oil. The apparent digested fat of the entire intestinal tract was also regressed against dietary fat intake to determine the true total tract digestibility (TTTD) and endogenous loss of fat for cottonseed oil. Results The results showed that the DE and ME contents of cottonseed oil were not different as the inclusion level increased. The DE and ME values determined by the regression equation were 36.28 MJ/kg and 34.96 MJ/kg, respectively, and the values were similar to the mean DE and ME values calculated by the difference method (36.18 and 35.56 MJ/kg, respectively). The ATTD of cottonseed oil was also not affected by the inclusion level of cottonseed oil, and the TTTD and EFL determined by the regression method were 92.40% and 13.83 g/kg of dry matter intake for corn-soybean basal diet. The DE, ME, and ATTD of AEE in soybean oil determined by the difference method were 35.70 MJ/kg, 35.20 MJ/kg and 92.31%, respectively. There were no differences in the DE, ME, and ATTD between cottonseed oil and soybean oil, although the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids for soybean oil was higher than for cottonseed oil. Conclusion The DE, ME, and ATTD values of cottonseed oil were not affected by its dietary inclusion level. The energy values of cottonseed oil determined by the difference and regression methods were similar. Furthermore, the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acid for oils was not the decisive factor to influence the energy values and ATTD of oils.
Impact of realignment on spinal functional MRI time series

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord produces dataset that are particularly noisy because of cardiac-related motions. Realignment methods allowing subject motion correction might be sensitive to such noisy dataset. By realigning and quantifying cardiac variance on spinal dataset, we showed that such procedures decrease cardiac noise within the volumes. This has a direct and positive impact on functional imaging when estimating the T-score by means of the general linear model.
EVALUATING THE STRATEGIES OF MEDICAL TOURISM SECTOR THROUGH AHP AND MOORA IN A SWOT FRAMEWORK

SWOT analysis is a systematic instrument to determine the strengths and weaknesses of an organization or industry by seeking out opportunities and threats within the environment. Thus, competitive strategies could be developed through the evaluation of related factors. In this study the advantages and disadvantages of medical tourism in Turkey are explored as well as the analyzation of opportunities and threats. Factor elements of classical SWOT matrix display an ambiguous side by the complex layering of elemental importance. Therefore, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is utilized to define their relevance by order of importance. After constructing the evaluation criteria hierarchy, SWOT factor weights are calculated by applying the AHP method. Finally, the multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) method is conducted to achieve the strategy alternatives ranking results for medical tourism sector.
Refining the Rules of Gliadin T Cell Epitope Binding to the Disease-Associated DQ2 Molecule in Celiac Disease: Importance of Proline Spacing and Glutamine Deamidation1

Celiac disease is driven by intestinal T cells responsive to proline-rich gluten peptides that often harbor glutamate residues formed by tissue transglutaminase-mediated glutamine conversion. The disease is strongly associated with the HLA variant DQ2.5 (DQA1*05, DQB1*02), and intestinal gluten-reactive T cells from DQ2.5-positive patients are uniquely restricted by this HLA molecule. In this study, we describe the mapping of two novel T cell epitopes of γ-gliadin and the experimental identification of the DQ2.5 binding register of these and three other γ-gliadin epitopes. The new data extend the knowledge base for understanding the binding of gluten peptides to DQ2.5. The alignment of the experimentally determined binding registers of nine gluten epitopes reveal positioning of proline residues in positions P1, P3, P6, and P8 but never in positions P2, P4, P7, and P9. Glutamate residues formed by tissue transglutaminase-mediated deamidation are found in position P1, P4, P6, P7, or P9, but only deamidations in positions P4 and P6, and rarely in P7, seem to be crucial for T cell recognition. The majority of these nine epitopes are recognized by celiac lesion T cells when presented by the related but nonassociated DQ2.2 (DQA1*0201, DQB1*02) molecule. Interestingly, the DQ2.2 presentation for most epitopes is less efficient than presentation by the DQ2.5 molecule, and this is particularly prominent for the α-gliadin epitopes. Contrary to previous findings, our data do not show selective presentation of DQ2.5 over DQ2.2 for gluten epitopes that carry proline residues at the P3 position.
Microstructured scaffolds for liver tissue cultures of high cell density: Morphological and biochemical characterization of tissue aggregates

Very high cell densities and optimal vascularization characterize among others organs and tissues in vivo. In order to study organ‐specific functions in vitro or to make use of them in medical devices/treatments in the future, this natural architecture should be rebuilt. An important aspect in this context is the appropriate ratio of medium to cell volume being so far not optimally reestablished in most of the currently available in vitro systems. To improve such culture conditions, we constructed a microstructure to culture hepatocytes and (without any addition of extracellular matrix material) characterized liver tissue in the form of evenly sized aggregates. The liver‐specific differentiation status of such aggregates was monitored by their ability to perform CYP450 dependent xenobiotic metabolism along with the measurement of albumin secretion. Freshly isolated adult rat hepatocytes show an initial loss of total CYP450 content and of associated activities (mixed function oxidases). However, in the aggregate system, this level did not decrease further but remained stable or even increased throughout the culture period of 10–13 days. The CYP450 dependent metabolism of the hepatocytes is able to respond to classic inducing agents. The described culture efficiently supports liver‐specific functions of adult rat hepatocytes and seems to be suited not only for use in an extracorporeal liver device but also for the formation of evenly sized small aggregates to be of use in transplantation of differentiated liver tissue. Moreover, after design variations, the microstructure can be applied for functional analysis of metabolically active hepatocytes as well as for toxicological and pharmacological validation. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
2 The Minimax Regret Criterion ( MR ) and the Maxmin Return Criterion

In a two-period, sunspot, pure-exchange economy we analyze the case in which agents do not assign subjective probabilistic beliefs to the sunspot activity. Two generations, each of which is made up of identical agents, populate this economy. The participation in the Arrow securities market is restricted and the generation, which is allowed to trade in assets, can alternatively face uncertainty via two distribution-free decision rules under complete ignorance(axiomatized by Milnor (1954)): the minimax regret criterion(Savage (1954), ch.9) and the maxmin return criterion(Wald (1950)). When the former is used, then sunspots can matter. In particular we prove that, if the economy admits two Walrasian equilibria, then a unique sunspot equilibrium always exists. We pin down this equilibrium, determine the prices of the Arrow securities and show that, at these prices, no trade in securities takes place. In the same framework we prove that, with agents using the maxmin return criterion, sunspots do not matter. Keywords: General Equilibrium, Extrinsic Uncertainty, Complete Ignorance. JEL Classi cation: D50, D81. We would like to thank Piero Gottardi, Marco Li Calzi, Karl Schlag, Karl Shell and Jean-Marc Tallon for very useful suggestions. We also thank the seminar participants at the University of Venice CaFoscari for comments. The usual disclaimer applies. yUniversity of Rome La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Economia Pubblica, via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Roma. Tel. +39-0649766302, E-mail: gcozzi@dep.eco. uniroma1.it zEuropean University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (RSCAS), via delle fontanelle 20, 50016 Florence (Italy). Tel. : +390554685812. E-Mail: paolo.giordani@iue.it
Solder joint failure modes, mechanisms, and life prediction models of IC packages under board level drop impact

Drop impact performance of solder joints of IC packages becomes a great concern for handheld products, such as mobile phones and PDA. Failure modes of solder joints under drop impact depend on solder alloys, interfacial strength, intermetallic formulation, and etc. Submodeling technique is applied to model detailed structure of critical solder joint. The stress and strain concentration at different locations of solder joint correlate well with failure modes observed during testing. Eutectic solder joint is more susceptible to bulk solder failure while Sn-4Ag-0.5Cu is more susceptible to intermetallic compound (IMC) layer failure. Softness of Sn-37Pb reduces the stress in IMC while increases the plastic strains in bulk solder. Life prediction model is determined by solder joint failure mode and mechanism. Stress criteria is suitable for IMC interfacial brittle crack while plastic strain criteria should be applied for life prediction of bulk solder ductile failure.
Takeover Defenses in the Era of Shareholder Activism

This paper examines the interplay between takeover defenses and shareholder activism. Using a comprehensive sample of shareholder activism events between 2006 and 2014, I find a differential impact of takeover defense measures on the likelihood of being targeted for activism; a dual-class structure or a staggered board deters activism, whereas firms with a poison pill in place are more likely to become targets. Activists are more likely to demand removal of takeover defense measures and/or sale of the target firm if the firm has a staggered board or a poison pill in place, suggesting that when takeover defenses block the market for corporate control, activists promote changes through their interventions. I also find that target firms with takeover defenses are more likely to remove those defenses and more likely to be acquired following activism, which suggests that activism can act as an antidote to takeover defenses. Finally, while many target firms adopt a poison pill in response to activist approaches, I do not find evidence that it makes for an effective defense.
Are Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Planning for Strategic Marketing in South Africa?

Abstract Substantial evidence shows that strategic marketing planning leads to increased small business performance, yet most small business owners do not draw up a plan for their businesses. This paper presents the results of a secondary research survey on strategic marketing planning of SMEs in South Africa. They indicate that while the higher performing SMEs give a higher priority to marketing than to other business functions, they are still sales- or production-oriented. The higher performing SMEs are more aware of strategic planning tools. They compete with value-added products and good buyer-seller relationships. The findings suggest that broad, small business marketing principles to some extent contribute to the success of SMEs.
Equity Crowdfunding: Signalling in European Crowdfunding Platforms

This paper investigates the types of information that could be identified as signals to influence investors’ decision to invest in private equity financing through equity crowdfunding platforms. As an expanding topic, little is known which type of information could be conveyed as signals to investors through limited means of communications. The study involved sample from multiple equity crowdfunding platforms across Europe. The relationship between each type of signal and level of funding success in equity crowdfunding was empirically tested using binary logistic regression and ordinary least square regression analysis. Empirical results showed the importance of social networks and human capital. On contrary to prior prediction based various academic paper in other type of private equity financing, variables of intellectual properties, financial information, and other information did not provide conclusive results.
Acute hypoxaemia and vascular function in healthy humans

What is the central question of this study? Endothelium‐dependent flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) is impaired during acute (60 min) exposure to moderate hypoxia. We examined whether FMD is impaired to the same degree during exposure to milder hypoxia. Additionally, we assessed whether smooth muscle vasodilatory capacity [glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)‐induced dilatation] is impaired during acute hypoxic exposure. What is the main finding and its importance? A graded impairment in FMD and GTN‐induced dilatation was evident during acute (≤60 min) exposure to mild and moderate hypoxia. This study is the first to document these graded impairments, and provides rationale to examine the relationship between graded increases in sympathetic nerve activity with hypoxia on FMD and GTN‐induced dilatation.