Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Comparison in Reduction of QT Dispersion After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention According to Existence of Thrombectomy in ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the standard treatment in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Thrombectomy devices are used to remove thrombus or to prevent embolization of thrombus and plaque during PPCI. QT dispersion (the difference between maximal and minimal QT interval calculated on a standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram) represents the regional nonuniformity of ventricular repolarization. It may reflect early coronary reperfusion in reducing electrophysiological instability by decreasing QT dispersion in the recovery phase after acute STEMI.
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B-specific monoclonal antibody 20B1 successfully treats diverse Staphylococcus aureus infections.

BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major health threat in the United States. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) is a potent superantigen that contributes to its virulence. High mortality and frequent failure of therapy despite available antibiotics have stimulated research efforts to develop adjunctive therapies. METHODS Treatment benefits of SEB-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 20B1 were investigated in mice in sepsis, superficial skin, and deep-tissue infection models. RESULTS Mice challenged with a SEB-producing MRSA strain developed fatal sepsis, extensive tissue skin infection, and abscess-forming deep-seeded thigh muscle infection. Animals preimmunized against SEB or treated passively with mAb 20B1 exhibited enhanced survival in the sepsis model, whereas decrease of bacterial burden was observed in the superficial skin and deep-tissue models. mAb 20B1 bound to SEB in the infected tissue and decreased abscess formation and proinflammatory cytokine levels, lymphocyte proliferation, and neutrophil recruitment. CONCLUSIONS mAb 20B1, an SEB-neutralizing mAb, is effective against MRSA infection. mAb 20B1 protects against lethal sepsis and reduces skin tissue invasion and deep-abscess formation. The mAb penetrates well into the abscess and binds to SEB. It affects the outcome of S. aureus infection by modulating the host's proinflammatory immune response.
The effects of systemic administration and local microinjection into the central nervous system of the selective serotonin 5-HT2C receptor agonist RO-600175 on sleep and wakefulness in the rat

The effects of RO-600175, a selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist, were studied in adult rats implanted for chronic sleep recordings. Intraperitoneal administration of RO-600175 (4 mg/kg) during the light phase of the light–dark cycle significantly increased wakefulness and reduced slow wave sleep and rapid-eye-movement sleep during the first 2 h of the recording period. Direct infusion of RO-600175 into the dorsal raphe nucleus (4 mmol/l), laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (4 mmol/l), or horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca (4 mmol/l) also decreased rapid-eye-movement sleep. It is proposed that the activation of &ggr;-aminobutyric acid-ergic cells located in the dorsal raphe nucleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, and horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca is responsible, at least in part, for the effects of RO-600175 on rapid-eye-movement sleep. It is suggested that the increased wakefulness observed after systemic injection of the 5-HT2C receptor ligand could be partly related to the increased release of acetylcholine in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. However, additional studies are required to characterize the neurotransmitter systems responsible for the increase in wakefulness.
Airway inflammation, cough and athlete quality of life in elite female cross‐country skiers: A longitudinal study

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a season of cross‐country training and racing on airway inflammation, cough symptoms, and athlete quality of life in female skiers. Eighteen elite female skiers performed sputum induction and completed the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) and the Recovery‐Stress Questionnaire (REST‐Q) at three time points (T1 – May/Jun, T2 – Oct/Nov, T3 – Jan–Mar) during the year. No changes were observed between T1 and T2. However, an increase in sputum eosinophils and lymphocytes (P < 0.05) and a significant change in all three domains of the LCQ were observed between T1 and T3 (P < 0.05). A significant association was found between the total yearly hours of training and the change in the total cell count (r2 = 0.74; P = 0.006), and a number of other sputum cell counts between T1 and T3. No changes were observed for any domain of the REST‐Q. The results of this study demonstrate that airway inflammation and cough symptoms are significantly increased in elite female cross‐country skiers across a year of training and racing. The increase in airway inflammation is related to the total amount of training and is worse during the winter months when athletes are training and racing in cold, dry air.
Removing Firearms From Those Prohibited From Possession by Domestic Violence Restraining Orders: A Survey and Analysis of State Laws

Under federal and many state laws, persons under domestic violence restraining orders (DVROs) are prohibited from possession of firearms. Using multiple sources and a Lexis Nexis search, we developed a list of state laws pertaining to the relinquishment or removal of firearms from persons prohibited from possession by DVROs. After downloading the text of each law, we conducted a legal analysis to enumerate provisions of the laws specifying implementation. We found 49 laws in 29 states and Washington, DC. The laws were conceptualized as instructions to the court, the respondent, and law enforcement. We detail the content of each state’s law, including such elements as whether it applies to ex parte DVROs; whether certain criteria must be met, such as previous use of a firearm in domestic violence or lack of an employment exemption, before the law can be applied; and whether the application of the law is mandatory. We also detail instructions to the respondent regarding to whom firearms may be relinquished, whether the respondent must seek permission to transfer the firearm to a third party, and the time by which dispossession must occur. Finally, whether law enforcement bears the responsibility for removing the firearm or whether the law gives the court the authority to order a search and seizure for the firearms is discussed. The purpose of the research is to provide an overview of these state laws that can be used by key stakeholders in legislative, judicial, advocacy, or research roles. Implications are discussed.
A simple genealogical structure of strongly balanced allelic lines and trans-species evolution of polymorphism.

Different alleles undergoing strong symmetric balancing selection show a simple genealogical structure (allelic genealogy), similar to the gene genealogy described by the coalescence process for a sample of neutral genes randomly drawn from a panmictic population at equilibrium. The only difference between the two genealogies lies in the different time scales. An approximate scaling factor for allelic genealogy relative to that of neutral gene genealogy is [square root of S/(2M)]. [In[S/(16 pi M2)]]-3/2, where M = Nu and S = 2Ns (N, effective population size; u, mutation rate to selected alleles per locus per generation; s, selection coefficient). The larger the value of square root of S/M (greater than or equal to 100), the larger the scaling factor. These findings, supported by simulation results, allow one to apply the theoretical results of the coalescence process directly to the allelic genealogy. Combined with the trans-species evolution of the major histocompatibility complex polymorphism for which balancing selection is believed to be responsible, allelic genealogy predicts that the number of breeding individuals in the human population could not be as small as 50-100 at any time of its evolutionary history. The analysis appears to contradict the founder principle as being important in recent mammalian evolution.
A nuclear role for the Fragile X mental retardation protein.

Fragile X syndrome results from lack of expression of a functional form of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), a cytoplasmic RNA‐binding protein of uncertain function. Here, we report that FMRP contains a nuclear export signal (NES) that is similar to the NES recently identified in the Rev regulatory protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1). Mutation of this FMRP NES results in mis‐localization of FMRP to the cell nucleus. The FMRP NES is encoded within exon 14 of the FMR1 gene, thus explaining the aberrant nuclear localization of a natural isoform of FMRP that lacks this exon. The NES of FMRP can substitute fully for the Rev NES in mediating Rev‐dependent nuclear RNA export and specifically binds a nucleoporin‐like cellular cofactor that has been shown to mediate Rev NES function. Together, these findings demonstrate that the normal function of FMRP involves entry into the nucleus followed by export via a pathway that is identical to the one utilized by HIV‐1 Rev. In addition, these data raise the possibility that FMRP could play a role in mediating the nuclear export of its currently undefined cellular RNA target(s).
Role of the UL25 Gene Product in Packaging DNA into the Herpes Simplex Virus Capsid: Location of UL25 Product in the Capsid and Demonstration that It Binds DNA

ABSTRACT Recent studies have suggested that the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) UL25 gene product, a minor capsid protein, is required for encapsidation but not cleavage of replicated viral DNA. This study set out to investigate the potential interactions of UL25 protein with other virus proteins and determine what properties it has for playing a role in DNA encapsidation. The UL25 protein is found in 42 ± 17 copies per B capsid and is present in both pentons and hexons. We introduced green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a fluorescent tag into the N terminus of UL25 protein to identify its location in HSV-1-infected cells and demonstrated the relocation of UL25 protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus at the late stage of HSV-1 infection. To clarify the cause of this relocation, we analyzed the interactions of UL25 protein with other virus proteins. The UL25 protein associates with VP5 and VP19C of virus capsids, especially of the penton structures, and the association with VP19C causes its relocation into the nucleus. Gel mobility shift analysis shows that UL25 protein has the potential to bind DNA. Moreover, the amino-terminal one-third of the UL25 protein is particularly important in DNA binding and forms a homo-oligomer. In conclusion, the UL25 gene product forms a tight connection with the capsid being linked with VP5 and VP19C, and it may play a role in anchoring the genomic DNA.
Google Flu Trends in Canada: a comparison of digital disease surveillance data with physician consultations and respiratory virus surveillance data, 2010–2014

SUMMARY The value of Google Flu Trends (GFT) remains unclear after it overestimated the proportion of physician visits related to influenza-like illness (ILI) in the United States in 2012–2013. However, GFT estimates (%GFT) have not been examined nationally in Canada nor compared with positivity for respiratory viruses other than influenza. For 2010–2014, we compared %GFT for Canada to Public Health Agency of Canada ILI consultation rates (%PHAC) and to positivity for influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and rhinoviruses. %GFT correlated well with %PHAC (ρ = 0·77–0·90) and influenza A positivity (ρ = 0·64–0·96) and overestimated the 2012–2013 %PHAC peak by 0·99 percentage points. %GFT peaks corresponded temporally with peaks in positivity for influenza A and rhinoviruses (all seasons) and RSV and hMPV when their peaks preceded influenza peaks. In Canada, %GFT represented traditional surveillance data and corresponded temporally with patterns in circulating respiratory viruses.
Influence of cutting technologies on the magnetic anisotropy of grain oriented electrical steel

Grain-oriented electrical steels are used in electrical vehicle traction, electric devices such as special motors, transformers and actuators. This type of material presents a strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy that has an important influence on the energy losses and other magnetic properties. It is well known that the classical grain-oriented material has a (110)[001] Goss texture and this structure is produced by a secondary recrystallization with a 3 to 10 mm grain size. The best magnetic behavior of the strips is observed along the <001> crystallographic axis, which is called easy magnetization direction. The worst magnetic properties are determined at an angle of 55° (<111>) with the rolling direction. The influence of the anisotropy is analyzed on samples cut at different angles starting with 0° in step of 15° up to 90°. The samples were cut through a classical mechanical punching, and two non-conventional methods: electro-erosion and laser. The energy losses were measured by means of an industrial Brockhaus single strip tester, in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 Hz at a peak magnetic polarization of 1T. The loss separation concept was applied, and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy influence on the hysteresis, classical and excess losses was analyzed.
MMCR4NLP: Multilingual Multiway Corpora Repository for Natural Language Processing

Multilinguality is gradually becoming ubiquitous in the sense that more and more researchers have successfully shown that using additional languages help improve the results in many Natural Language Processing tasks. Multilingual Multiway Corpora (MMC) contain the same sentence in multiple languages. Such corpora have been primarily used for Multi-Source and Pivot Language Machine Translation but are also useful for developing multilingual sequence taggers by transfer learning. While these corpora are available, they are not organized for multilingual experiments and researchers need to write boilerplate code every time they want to use said corpora. Moreover, because there is no official MMC collection it becomes difficult to compare against existing approaches. As such we present our work on creating a unified and systematically organized repository of MMC spanning a large number of languages. We also provide training, development and test splits for corpora where official splits are unavailable. We hope that this will help speed up the pace of multilingual NLP research and ensure that NLP researchers obtain results that are more trustable since they can be compared easily. We indicate corpora sources, extraction procedures if any and relevant statistics. We also make our collection public for research purposes.
Anticancer Activity of Mycobacterial DNA: Effect of Formulation as Chitosan Nanoparticles

Mycobacterium phlei (M. phlei) DNA inhibits cancer cell division but is susceptible to degradation by DNase. Chitosan forms nanoparticulate polyelectrolyte complexes with DNA, and may thus reduce nuclease degradation. We have characterized chitosan-DNA nanoparticle formation, determined DNase susceptibility, and evaluated their antiproliferative activity. Nanoparticle diameter initially decreased with increasing phosphate charge density. However nanoparticle diameter increased above 6 μmol of phosphate. Particle aggregation occurred at 16.2 μmol phosphate and was related to reduced surface charge. Incorporation of DNA within chitosan nanoparticles significantly decreased degradation by DNase. The ability of M. phlei DNA-chitosan nanoparticles to inhibit melanoma cell division was determined relative to M. phlei DNA and a cationic liposomal M. phlei DNA formulation. M. phlei DNA had antiproliferative activity (MTT reduction, IC50 = 0.9 mg/ml) without intrinsic cytotoxicity (LDH release, ED50 > 50 μg/ml). Cationic polyphosphate chitosan nanoparticles were inert (antiproliferative IC50 > 1 mg/ml, ED50 > 1 mg/ml). M. phlei DNA-chitosan nanoparticles were 20-fold more potent than M. phlei DNA. Cationic DOTAP/DOPE liposomes were cytostatic (IC50 = 49 (μg/ml) and cytotoxic (ED50 = 87 μ/ml), and complexation of M. phlei DNA resulted in a significant reduction of antiproliferative activity. Chitosan nanoparticles may therefore be appropriate delivery vehicles for M. phlei DNA.
Assessment of the value of quantitative thyroid scintigraphy for determination of thyroid function in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To assess the value of thyroid scintigraphy to determine thyroid status in dogs with hypothyroidism and various non-thyroidal illnesses. METHODS Thyroid hormone concentrations were measured and quantitative thyroid scintigraphy performed in 21 dogs with clinical and/or clinicopathological features consistent with hypothyroidism. RESULTS In 14 dogs with technetium thyroidal uptake values consistent with euthyroidism, further investigations supported non-thyroidal illness. In five dogs with technetium thyroidal uptake values within the hypothyroid range, primary hypothyroidism was confirmed as the only disease in four. The remaining dog had pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Two dogs had technetium thyroidal uptake values in the non-diagnostic range. One dog had iodothyronine concentrations indicative of euthyroidism. In the other, a dog receiving glucocorticoid therapy, all iodothyronine concentrations were decreased. Markedly asymmetric technetium thyroidal uptake was present in two dogs. All iodothyronine concentrations were within reference interval but canine thyroid stimulating hormone concentration was elevated in one. Non-thyroidal illness was identified in both cases. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE In dogs, technetium thyroidal uptake is a useful test to determine thyroid function. However, values may be non-diagnostic, asymmetric uptake can occur and excess glucocorticoids may variably suppress technetium thyroidal uptake and/or thyroid hormone concentrations. Further studies are necessary to evaluate quantitative thyroid scintigraphy as a gold standard method for determining canine thyroid function.
Factors Influencing Clinicians’ Attitudes about Aggression in Australian Acute Old Age Psychiatry Inpatient Units: A Cross Sectional Survey Design

Patient aggression occurs in old age psychiatry and is problematic. The aim of this study is to identify the factors that influence clinicians’ attitudes toward aggression in old age psychiatry. Eighty-five individuals, comprising nurses (n = 75) and medical and allied health staff (n = 10), completed the questionnaire. The results show that gender, profession, and work experience do not affect attitudes toward aggression. A low score indicated agreement with an attitudinal statement. However, younger age, better higher level of completed education, and place of work increased the likelihood of participants endorsing the questionnaire's attitudinal statements about aggression. The findings suggest clinicians’ attitudes may affect the way they attempt to prevent and manage aggression.
Conversion of ICRP male reference phantom to polygon-surface phantom

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference phantoms, developed based on computed tomography images of human bodies, provide much more realism of human anatomy than the previously used MIRD5 (Medical Internal Radiation Dose) mathematical phantoms. It has been, however, realized that the ICRP reference phantoms have some critical limitations showing a considerable amount of holes for the skin and wall organs mainly due to the nature of voxels of which the phantoms are made, especially due to their low voxel resolutions. To address this problem, we are planning to develop the polygon-surface version of ICRP reference phantoms by directly converting the ICRP reference phantoms (voxel phantoms) to polygon-surface phantoms. The objective of this preliminary study is to see if it is indeed possible to construct the high-quality polygon-surface phantoms based on the ICRP reference phantoms maintaining identical organ morphology and also to identify any potential issues, and technologies to address these issues, in advance. For this purpose, in the present study, the ICRP reference male phantom was roughly converted to a polygon-surface phantom. Then, the constructed phantom was implemented in Geant4, Monte Carlo particle transport code, for dose calculations, and the calculated dose values were compared with those of the original ICRP reference phantom to see how much the calculated dose values are sensitive to the accuracy of the conversion process. The results of the present study show that it is certainly possible to convert the ICRP reference phantoms to surface phantoms with enough accuracy. In spite of using relatively less resources (<2 man-months), we were able to construct the polygon-surface phantom with the organ masses perfectly matching the ICRP reference values. The analysis of the calculated dose values also implies that the dose values are indeed not very sensitive to the detailed morphology of the organ models in the phantom for highly penetrating radiations such as photons and neutrons. The results of the electron beams, on the other hand, show that the dose values of the polygon-surface phantom are higher by a factor of 2–5 times than those of the ICRP reference phantom for the skin and wall organs which have large holes due to low voxel resolution. The results demonstrate that the ICRP reference phantom could provide significantly unreasonable dose values to thin or wall organs especially for weakly penetrating radiations. Therefore, when compared to the original ICRP reference phantoms, it is believed that the polygon-surface version of ICRP reference phantoms properly developed will not only provide the same or similar dose values (say, difference <5 or 10%) for highly penetrating radiations, but also provide correct dose values for the weakly penetrating radiations such as electrons and other charged particles.
Robust Artificial-Noise-Aided Beamforming in Physical Layer Security

Considering that an illegitimate user wants to eavesdrop on the messages which are broadcasted from the base station to two legitimate users, we study the robust artificial-noise-aided optimal beamforming scheme where imperfect channel state information(CSI) is assumed. Our aim is to maximize the sum of the achievable secrecy rate, subject to the sum of the power. We propose to apply S-procedure to reformulate it and employ an alternating optimization(AO) algorithm to solve the problem. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme is superior to the non-robust one.
Effects of different configurations of multi-contact cuff electrode on recruitment characteristics of nerve stimulation

By quantitatively analyzing the effects of different configurations, it is possible to find the best configuration and further optimize neural prosthesis performances without changing system hardware and software. In this study, we investigated the effects of five types of electrode configurations on electromyography (EMG)-based recruitment characteristics by utilizing multi-contact electrode to stimulate toad sciatic nerves. Five characteristic parameters (maximum amplitude, threshold current, slope, 50% level, and dynamic range) are derived from fitting recruitment curves using Boltzmann equation and the latency is measured by a simple user-defined algorithm. Based on these parameters evaluation, it is found that (1) the longitudinal tripolar with lowest threshold current appears to be well suitable for application to extent battery life and potentially reduce the damage to tissues and electrodes, and (2) the transverse configurations with gentle slope and large dynamic range are fit for the muscle force fine control, but their practical application may be limited by needing a large stimulus current. Therefore, these findings can provide a useful reference for designing a novel electrode configuration to further optimizing control of neural prosthetic devices.