Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Association Rules from XML Data with Index Table

Mining XML association rule is confronted with more challenges due to the inherent flexibilities of XML in both structure and semantics. In order to make mining XML association rule efficiently, we give a new definition of transaction and item in XML context, then build transaction database based on an index table. Based on our definition and the index table used for XML searching, we can check the include relation between a transaction and an item quickly. A high adaptive mining technique is also described. By using it, we can process mining rules with no guidance of interest associations given by users and mining unknown rules. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques through experiments on real-life data.
To become an asker of questions. A ‘functional-narrative\' model to assist students in preparing postgraduate research proposals

At the University of Plymouth in the United Kingdom, a 'functional-narrative' model (FNM) to stimulate thinking, questioning and reflection is being developed with undergraduate and postgraduate students in a range of subject areas. The FNM implies that a basic narrative structure operates in academic discourse, through various kinds of texts across disciplines (Hilsdon 1999). The approach is underpinned by the functional logic and social practices implied in a narrative structure consisting of description, analysis and evaluation. Initial evidence indicates that the model is helpful to students in deconstructing and reconstructing a given problem, topic or knowledge claim. A possible use of the FNM to assist postgraduate students in developing research proposals is now being investigated in South African universities, where academics are being consulted as to its potential. This article reports initial findings evaluating its use in that context, and elaborates on the model's background and underpinning theory.
Association of depression and psychotropic medication on cardiac-related outcomes in a nationwide community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the association of depression, psychotropic medications, and mental illness with cardiovascular disease in a nationwide community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan. A total of 5664 participants who enrolled in the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan (HALST) were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression was applied to investigate the association of depression, psychotropic medication use, and mental illness, separately, with cardiovascular disease. The results suggested that cardiovascular disease was significantly associated with various definitions of depression, including: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) ≥ 16, self-reported, and physician-diagnosed for depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–2.00 for CES-D; AOR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.99–5.42 for self-reported; and AOR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.51–3.97 for physician-diagnosed). Additionally, significant associations of cardiovascular disease with the use of antipsychotics (AOR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.25–3.34), benzodiazepines (BZDs) (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.52–2.21), and Z-drugs (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.03–1.93), respectively, were also observed, but not the use of antidepressants. In addition, a significant association of cardiovascular disease with mental illness was found in this study (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.68–3.24). In line with previous reports, these findings provided supportive evidence that depression and/or mental illness were significantly associated with cardiovascular disease in a community-dwelling elderly population in Taiwan. Moreover, significant associations of cardiovascular disease with the use of antipsychotics, BZDs, and Z-drugs, individually, were found. Further investigation would be of importance to clarify the causal relationship of depression and/or psychotropic medications with cardiovascular disease, especially among elderly populations.
The non-cardiac use and significance of cardiac troponins

Cardiac Troponins are blood markers of myocardial damage and are widely utilised across all acute medical departments. However, with a massive rise in requests for this test, the interpretation of raised serum levels in the absence of cardiac sounding clinical features can become a clinical conundrum. This is especially true if the numerous causes of positive test results are not fully appreciated. A thorough understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of this blood test in light of a patient population living longer, increasing in comorbidities and possible causes of false test results can provide invaluable support in establishing an accurate diagnosis and instigating effective management. This article will describe the history of cardiac markers along with a discussion of the various causes of elevated cardiac troponins outside acute coronary syndrome. It will elaborate on the applications and significance of this blood test and the potential uses of positive results with elevated serum Troponin levels.
Sun Glint Correction of High and Low Spatial Resolution Images of Aquatic Scenes: a Review of Methods for Visible and Near-Infrared Wavelengths

Sun glint, the specular reflection of light from water surfaces, is a serious confounding factor for remote sensing of water column properties and benthos. This paper reviews current techniques to estimate and remove the glint radiance component from imagery. Methods for processing of ocean color images use statistical sea surface models to predict the glint from the sun and sensor positions and wind data. Methods for higher resolution imaging, used in coastal and shallow water mapping, estimate the glint radiance from the near-infrared signal. The effects of some current methods are demonstrated and possibilities for future techniques are briefly addressed.
A Binaural Model for Missing Data Speech Recognition in Noisy and Reverberant Conditions

We describe a binaural auditory model for speech recognition, which is robust in the presence of reverberation and spatially separated noise intrusions. The principle underlying the model is to identify time-frequency regions which constitute reliable evidence of the speech signal. This is achieved both by determining the spatial location of the speech source, and by applying a simple model of reverberation masking. Reliable time-frequency regions are passed to a missing data speech recogniser. We show, firstly, that the auditory model improves recognition performance in various reverberation conditions when no noise intrusion is present. Secondly, we demonstrate that the model improves performance when the speech signal is contaminated by noise, both for an anechoic environment and in the presence of simulated room reverberation.
Speech enhancement in modulation domain using codebook-based speech and noise estimation

Conventional single-channel speech enhancement methods implement the analysis-modification-synthesis (AMS) framework in the acoustic frequency domain. In recent years, it has been shown that the extension of this framework to the modulation frequency domain may result in better noise suppression. However, this conclusion has been reached by relying on a minimum statistics approach for the required noise power spectral density (PSD) estimation, which is known to create a time frame lag when the noise is non-stationary. In this paper, to avoid this problem, we perform noise suppression in the modulation domain with speech and noise power spectra obtained from a codebook-based estimation approach. The PSD estimates derived from the codebook approach are used to obtain a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimate of the clean speech modulation magnitude spectrum, which is combined with the phase spectrum of the noisy speech to recover the enhanced speech signal. Results of objective evaluations indicate improvement in noise suppression with the proposed codebook-based speech enhancement approach, particularly in cases of non-stationary noise.1
RB-Dependent S-Phase Response to DNA Damage

ABSTRACT The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation. RB is expressed throughout the cell cycle, but its antiproliferative activity is neutralized by phosphorylation during the G1/S transition. RB plays an essential role in the G1 arrest induced by a variety of growth inhibitory signals. In this report, RB is shown to also be required for an intra-S-phase response to DNA damage. Treatment with cisplatin, etoposide, or mitomycin C inhibited S-phase progression in Rb+/+ but not in Rb−/− mouse embryo fibroblasts. Dephosphorylation of RB in S-phase cells temporally preceded the inhibition of DNA synthesis. This S-phase dephosphorylation of RB and subsequent inhibition of DNA replication was observed in p21Cip1-deficient cells. The induction of the RB-dependent intra-S-phase arrest persisted for days and correlated with a protection against DNA damage-induced cell death. These results demonstrate that RB plays a protective role in response to genotoxic stress by inhibiting cell cycle progression in G1 and in S phase.
Abbreviated Title for the Running Head: Haptic Feedback Reduces Rhythmic Variability 2

Title: Haptic Feedback Enhances Rhythmic Motor Control By Reducing Variability, Not Convergence Rate 1 Abbreviated Title for the Running Head: Haptic Feedback Reduces Rhythmic Variability 2 Authors: M. Mert Ankaralı1•, H. Tutkun Şen2, Avik De3, Allison M. Okamura4, Noah J. Cowan1. 3 1Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA, 21218 4 2Dept. of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA, 21218 5 3Dept. of Electrical and Systems Eng., Uni. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 19104 6 4Dept. of Mechanical Eng., Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA, 94305 7 Corresponding Author. E-mail: mertankarali@jhu.edu. Address: 136 Hackerman Hall, 3400 N Charles Street, 8 Baltimore, MD 21218 9 Author Contributions: 10 M. Mert Ankaralı designed and performed experiments, developed analytical tools, analyzed data and wrote the 11 paper. H. Tutkun Şen designed and performed experiments. Avik De performed preliminary experiments and 12 analysis that gave direction to the research. Allison M. Okamura designed experiments and wrote the paper. Noah J. 13 Cowan designed experiments, developed analytical tools, analyzed data and wrote the paper. 14
Compiler-Assisted Value Correlation for Indirect Branch Prediction ∗

Indirect branch prediction is important to boost instruction-level parallelism in modern proces- sors. Previous indirect branch predictions usually cannot achieve high performance for the ineffectiveness of cor- related information. This paper proposes the Compiler- assisted value correlation (CVC), a hardware/software co- operative indirect branch prediction scheme. The key is to identify effective value correlation based on program sub- structures. A compiler algorithm is introduced to iden- tify the effective value correlation based on three program substructures: virtual function calls, switch-case state- ments and function pointer calls. The compiler-identified value correlation is transferred to the dynamic predictor by extending the instruction set architecture. At runtime, the processor relies on a low-complexity Correlated value buffer (CVB) to maintain the compiler-identified value cor- relation and to guide the target address prediction for those indirect branch instructions. Our evaluations show that CVC prediction can significantly improve the perfor- mance with little extra hardware support over the tradi- tional BTB predictor and the state-of-the-art VBBI pre- diction.
Effects of adjuvants on the immune response to allergens in a murine model of allergen inhalation: cholera toxin induces a Th1‐like response to Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen

Based on the fact that type I allergies are frequently elicited by inhalant allergens, we have established a model of aerosol inhalation leading to allergic sensitization in BALB/c mice. Using this model we studied the effects of aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3), known to enhance IgE antibody responses, compared with cholera toxin (CT), a potent mucosal adjuvant, on the immune response to birch pollen (BP) and its major allergen Bet v 1. Two groups of BALB/c mice were either systemically immunized with recombinant Bet v 1 in Al(OH)3 and subsequently aerosol exposed to BP allergen, or aerosolized with BP and CT. IgE‐mediated skin reactions were only elicited in the mice which had received Bet v1/Al(OH)3. Allergen‐specific serum IgE and IgG1 antibodies dominated in the Al(OH)3 group, IgG2a antibody levels to BP and rBet v 1 were markedly higher in the sera of mice exposed to CT with the allergen. IgA antibodies were only detected in the bronchial lavage of the CT‐treated group. Moreover, the latter group displayed consistently higher T cell proliferative responses to BP and interferon‐gamma production in vitro. Thus, the systemic immunization with rBet v 1 in Al(OH)3 before inhalation of the BP extract promoted a Th2‐like immune response, while CT mixed with the aerosolized BP extract rather induced a Th1‐like immune response. In an attempt to reverse these ongoing immune responses we could achieve a shift towards a Th0 response. Immunization with BP extract without adjuvant treatment led to undetectable antibody or cellular immune responses. We conclude from the present study that the induction of an immune response to BP allergen after aerosol inhalation can be directed towards a Th1‐ or a Th2‐like response. Once established, the immune response can be modulated.
RodDirect: two-dimensional input with stylus knob

Portable handheld devices inherently involve difficulties with methods of input due to their compact size. Several approaches to attach extra sensors have been proposed, but these have not enabled size or exterior design to be minimized. We propose a novel and simple input technique for handheld devices that makes use of a stylus in a holder that is twisted and pushed/pulled like a knob. Both rotating and sliding the stylus inside the holder can simultaneously adjust two parameters. We implemented a prototype system with an inexpensive image sensor, and evaluated its input. An ANOVA test revealed that our method could scroll as fast as tap-and-drag operations on a screen.
Retinal vessel diameter and estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure in arterial hypertension: the Beijing Eye Study.

BACKGROUND Hypertensive retinal microvascular abnormalities include an increased retinal vein-to-artery diameter ratio. Because central retinal vein pressure depends on cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), we examined whether the retinal vein-to-artery diameter ratio and other retinal hypertensive signs are associated with CSFP. METHODS Participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study (n = 1,574 subjects) underwent measurement of the temporal inferior and superior retinal artery and vein diameter. CSFP was calculated as 0.44 × body mass index (kg/m(2)) + 0.16 × diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) - 0.18 × age (years) - 1.91. RESULTS Larger retinal vein diameters and higher vein-to-artery diameter ratios were significantly associated with higher estimated CSFP (P = 0.001) in multivariable analysis. In contrast, temporal inferior retinal arterial diameter was marginally associated (P = 0.03) with estimated CSFP, and temporal superior artery diameter was not significantly associated (P = 0.10) with estimated CSFP; other microvascular abnormalities, such as arteriovenous crossing signs, were also not significantly associated with estimated CSFP. In a reverse manner, higher estimated CSFP as a dependent variable in the multivariable analysis was associated with wider retinal veins and higher vein-to-artery diameter ratio. In the same model, estimated CSFP was not significantly correlated with retinal artery diameters or other retinal microvascular abnormalities. Correspondingly, arterial hypertension was associated with retinal microvascular abnormalities such as arteriovenous crossing signs (P = 0.003), thinner temporal retinal arteries (P < 0.001), higher CSFP (P < 0.001), and wider retinal veins (P = 0.001) or, as a corollary, with a higher vein-to-artery diameter ratio in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS Wider retinal vein diameters are associated with higher estimated CSFP and vice versa. In arterial hypertension, an increased retinal vein-to-artery diameter ratio depends on elevated CSFP, which is correlated with blood pressure.
The Influence of Chronic Disease, Physical Function, and Lifestyle on Health Transition Among the Middle-Aged and Older Persons in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of chronic disease, physical function, and lifestyle on health transitions among the middle-aged and older persons in Taiwan. A longitudinal design was applied to investigate whether chronic disease, physical function, and lifestyle were associated significantly with health transition in this population. Data on participants were obtained from the Survey of Health and Living Status of the Middle Aged and Elderly in Taiwan, a study initially conducted in 1999 that encompassed observations on 2,130 individuals 53 years and older. Data were collected again in 2003 to capture the health transition. A binary probit model was used to determine relationships between health transition and sociodemographic factors, chronic disease, physical functional ability, and lifestyle conditions by gender. Principal empirical results confirmed that, after controlling for potentially confounding variables, those participants who were relatively younger and had higher education levels were more likely to maintain good health during the study period (1999-2003) for both men and women. In addition, when other factors were excluded, this article identified stroke as the ailment most strongly associated with continuing good health. Similarly, activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living demonstrated significant and negative effects on continuing good health regardless of gender. However, lifestyle rendered interesting and plausible findings. Smoking showed a significant influence on health transition for women but an insignificant influence on such for men. Regular exercise showed significance for both men and women. Findings suggest that chronic disease, physical functional ability, and lifestyle variables have strong and significant influences on health transition for the middle-aged and older persons. Research results should be useful in developing strategies that target disease care services and lifestyles for the target group.
Exploiting network awareness to enhance DASH over wireless

The introduction of Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) helped reduce the consumption of resources in video delivery, but its client-based rate adaptation is unable to optimally use the available end-to-end network bandwidth. We consider the problem of optimizing the delivery of video content to mobile clients while meeting the constraints imposed by the available network resources. Observing the bandwidth available in the network's two main components, core network, transferring the video from the servers to edge nodes close to the client, and the edge network, which is in charge of transferring the content to the user via wireless links, we aim to find an optimal solution by exploiting the predictability of future user requests of sequential video segments, as well as the knowledge of available infrastructural resources at the core and edge wireless networks in a given future time window. Instead of regarding the bottleneck of the end-to-end connection as our throughput, we distribute the traffic load over time and use intermediate nodes between the server and the client for buffering video content to achieve higher throughput, and ultimately significantly improve the Quality of Experience for the end user in comparison with current solutions.
SPMDSL Language Model - Onto a DSL for Agile Use case driven Software Projects' Management

Project management involves applying knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. Each project’s unique nature implies tailoring that knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to adapt the management activities to cope with project constraints. Management and technical activities meet at some points, namely on activities that have technical and management relevance. This paper proposes SPMDSL and presents its language model and the domain analysis made during its development. SPMDSL aims to be a DSL defining a set of representational primitives with which to model projects in the domain of agile software project management. These primitives are represented as classes and their interrelationships. The proposed DSL focuses on agile use case driven software development project management, and so it also integrates concepts from software modeling. The goal is to enable representing past projects’ information to facilitate retrieving information for lessons learned analysis.
PENGUKURAN KUALITAS LAYANAN INTERNET BANKING

Pengukuran layanan e-banking pada penelitian ini menggunakan model webqual yang merupakan pengembangan lebih lanjut dari model SERVQUAL yang banyak diterapkan pada pengukuran kualitas jasa. Model Webqual ini terdiri dari empat variabel yaitu information quality, usability, service interaction, dan overall. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari 26 butir pertanyaan dengan skal likert yang disebarkan kepada 100 responden. Responden tersebut terdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu pengguna layanan e-banking di bank swasta dan bank pemerintah. Karakteristik pengguna layanan e-banking secara umum mempunyai tingkat pendidikan tinggi dan mempunyai tingkat penghasilan yang tinggi. Hasil uji validitas dan realibitas dengan cronbach alpha dan KMO test menunjukkan bahwa instrument penelitian mempunyai tingkat kesahihan dan keandalan yang tinggi. Atribut kualitas yang masih tergolong rendah adalah pada variabel service interaction, yaitu factor gangguan pelayanan dan masalah keamanan traksaksi e-banking. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kualitas layanan e-banking pada bank swasta tidak berbeda dengan persepsi kualitas layanan di bank pemerintah. Empat variabel websqual tidak dapat memprediksi secara akurat dan signifikan terhadap pengelompokan pengguna e-banking dilihat dari kepemilikan bank dengan tingkat prediksinya hanya mencapai 53 persen.
Parameterized Complexity of Arc-Weighted Directed Steiner Problems

We initiate a systematic parameterized complexity study of three fundamental network design problems on arc-weighted directed graphs: Directed Steiner Tree, Strongly Connected Steiner Subgraph, and Directed Steiner Network. We investigate their parameterized complexities with respect to the parameters "number of terminals", "an upper bound on the size of the connecting network", and the combination of both. We achieve several parameterized hardness as well as some fixed-parameter tractability results, in this way significantly extending previous results of Feldman and Ruhl [SIAM J. Comp. 2006].
Cross-corpus acoustic emotion recognition: Variances and strategies (Extended abstract)

As the recognition of emotion from speech has matured to a degree where it becomes applicable in real-life settings, it is time for a realistic view on obtainable performances. Most studies tend to overestimation in this respect: acted data is often used rather than spontaneous data, results are reported on pre-selected prototypical data, and true speaker disjunctive partitioning is still less common than simple cross-validation. A considerably more realistic impression can be gathered by inter-set evaluation: we therefore show results employing six standard databases in a cross-corpora evaluation experiment. To better cope with the observed high variances, different types of normalization are investigated. 1.8 k individual evaluations in total indicate the crucial performance inferiority of inter- to intra-corpus testing.