Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automata-Based Abduction for Tractable Diagnosis

Abductive reasoning has been recognized as a valuable com- plement to deductive inference for tasks such as diagnosis and integration of incomplete information despite its inherent computational complex- ity. This paper presents a novel, tractable abduction procedure for the lightweight description logic EL. The proposed approach extends recent research on automata-based axiom pinpointing (which is in some sense dual to our problem) by assuming information from a predefined ab- ducible part of the domain model if necessary, while the remainder of the domain is considered to be fixed. Our research is motivated by the need for efficient diagnostic reasoning for large-scale industrial systems where observations are partially incomplete and often sparse, but nevertheless the largest part of the domain such as physical structures is known. Tech- nically, we introduce a novel pattern-based definition of abducibles and show how to construct a weighted automaton that commonly encodes the definite and abducible part of the domain model. We prove that its behavior provides a compact representation of all possible hypotheses explaining an observation, and is in fact computable in PTime. Abductive reasoning is a method for generating hypotheses that explain an obser- vation based on a model of the domain, typically in the presence of incomplete data. Its non-monotonicity and explorative nature make abduction a promis- ing candidate for the interpretation of potentially incomplete information - a task which is much harder to accomplish using established monotonic inference methods such as deduction or the more elaborate axiom pinpointing. The appli- cations of abductive inference are diverse, ranging from text interpretation (1) to plan generation and analysis (2), and interpretation of sensor (3) or multimedia data (4). Our research on abductive inference is motivated by industrial applica- tions in Ambient Assisted Living and assistive diagnosis for complex technical devices. In these scenarios we found the underlying models being typically large, though not overly complex in their structure. The main consideration is therefore scalability with respect to the size of the domain model; to effectively support humans or to avoid consequential damage to machinery, information processing is subject to soft realtime constraints. Proc. 23rd Int. Workshop on Description Logics (DL2010), CEUR-WS 573, Waterloo, Canada, 2010.
Fog computing in 5G networks: an application perspective

Fifth generation (5G) cellular network promises to offer to its users sub-millisecond latency and 1 Gbit/s transmission speed. However, the current cloud-based computation and data delivery model do not allow these quality of service guarantees to be efficiently harnessed, due to the number of hops of wired networks between the 5G-base stations and the cloud, that leads to a significant increase in latency. Forwarding all the data generated by devices directly to the cloud may devour the bandwidth and lead to congestion. Therefore, it is necessary that processing be hosted near the devices, close to the source of the data, so that the high speed transmission of 5G can be utilized and data can be processed and filtered out by the time it reaches the cloud. This bringing down of computation, storage, and networking services to the network edge opens up many new research areas of applying fog computing over cellular network architecture. This chapter discusses the advantages of extending the cloud services to the edge by presenting use-cases that can be realized by fog computing over 5G networks.
Regulation of Innate Responses during Pre-patent Schistosome Infection Provides an Immune Environment Permissive for Parasite Development

Blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma infect over 200 million people, causing granulomatous pathology with accompanying morbidity and mortality. As a consequence of extensive host-parasite co-evolution, schistosomes exhibit a complex relationship with their hosts, in which immunological factors are intimately linked with parasite development. Schistosomes fail to develop normally in immunodeficient mice, an outcome specifically dependent on the absence of CD4+ T cells. The role of CD4+ T cells in parasite development is indirect and mediated by interaction with innate cells, as repeated toll-like receptor 4 stimulation is sufficient to restore parasite development in immunodeficient mice in the absence of CD4+ T cells. Here we show that repeated stimulation of innate immunity by an endogenous danger signal can also restore parasite development and that both these stimuli, when administered repeatedly, lead to the regulation of innate responses. Supporting a role for regulation of innate responses in parasite development, we show that regulation of inflammation by neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies also restores parasite development in immunodeficient mice. Finally, we show that administration of IL-4 to immunodeficient mice to regulate inflammation by induction of type 2 responses also restores parasite development. These findings suggest that the type 2 response driven by CD4+ T cells during pre-patent infection of immunocompetent hosts is exploited by schistosomes to complete their development to reproductively mature adult parasites.
Low-cost flip-chip alternatives for millimeter wave applications

This paper discusses alternative flip-chip approaches in the millimeter wave frequency range. In comparison to common stud bumping or gold plating techniques at these frequencies, this contribution deals with bump formation by micro balls and conductive adhesives (polymeric bumps). In the latter process special bump shaping is supported by introducing an additional photoresist process. The photoresist also serves as an underfill for the flip-chip device. Utilizing these bumping techniques, flip-chip test systems in coplanar waveguide (CPW) design were fabricated and then characterized via S-parameter measurements at W-band.
Space-code bloom filter for efficient traffic flow measurement

Per-flow traffic measurement is critical for usage accounting, traffic engineering, and anomaly detection. Previous methodologies are either based on random sampling (e.g., Cisco's NetFlow), which is inaccurate, or only account for the "elephants". Our paper introduces a novel technique for measuring per-flow traffic approximately, for all flows regardless of their sizes, at very high-speed (say, OC192+). The core of this technique is a novel data structure called Space Code Bloom Filter (SCBF). A SCBF is an approximate representation of a multiset; each element in this multiset is a traffic flow and its multiplicity is the number of packets in the flow. SCBF employs a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method to measure the multiplicity of an element in the multiset. Through parameter tuning, SCBF allows for graceful tradeoff between measurement accuracy and computational and storage complexity. SCBF also contributes to the foundation of data streaming by introducing a new paradigm called blind streaming. We evaluated the performance of SCBF on packet traces gathered from a tier-1 ISP backbone and through mathematical analysis. Our preliminary results demonstrate that SCBF achieves reasonable mea-surement accuracy with very low storage and computational complexity.
Challenge Huawei challenge: Fusing multimodal features with deep neural networks for Mobile Video Annotation

We participated in the Huawei Accurate and Fast Mobile Video Annotation Challenge (MoVAC) at IEEE ICME 2014. Three result runs were submitted by combining different features and classification techniques, with emphasis on both accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we briefly summarize the techniques used in our system, and the components used for generating each of the three submitted results. One novel component in our system is a specially tailored deep neural network (DNN) that can explore the relationships of multiple features for improved annotation performance, which is very efficient based on an implementation with the GPU. Only 18.8 seconds were needed by one of our DNN-based submissions to process a test video. By combining the DNN with the traditional SVM learning, we achieved the best accuracy across all the worldwide submissions to this challenge.
Fentanyl nasal spray for the treatment of cancer pain

Introduction: Breakthrough pain, a transitory flare of pain in patients with otherwise controlled chronic pain, has been well characterized in cancer patients but despite medical awareness, sometimes remains underdiagnosed and therefore undertreated. Areas covered: Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) and fentanyl buccal tablets are the first medications developed specifically for the treatment of breakthrough pain in opioid-tolerant patients. Since oral administration of fentanyl is not an option for many cancer patients, the development of intranasal fentanyl spray (INFS) emerged as a more effective method of administration. Intranasal administration of fentanyl has several advantages over the oral/gastrointestinal route and clinical trials have shown that it is superior to OTFC while being well tolerated and more acceptable by the majority of patients. Expert opinion: The aim of this review is to summarize the pharmacological characteristics and data obtained from clinical studies of INFS in the past few years, and present Fentanyl Pectin Nasal Spray (PecFent), which uses an innovative delivery system and is now approved in the EU. Finally, we discuss the impact that it may have in the future management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients, because an accurate diagnosis followed by the best treatment is crucial for effective pain alleviation.
Sequence and genome organization of Borna disease virus

We have previously demonstrated that Borna disease virus (BDV) has a negative nonsegmented single-stranded (NNS) RNA genome that replicates in the nucleus of infected cells. Here we report for the first time the cloning and complete sequence of the BDV genome. Our results revealed that BDV has a genomic organization similar to that of other members of the Mononegavirales order. We have identified five main open reading frames (ORFs). The largest ORF, V, is located closest to the 5' end in the BDV genome and, on the basis of strong homology with other NNS-RNA virus polymerases, is a member of the L-protein family. The intercistronic regions vary in length and nucleotide composition and contain putative transcriptional start and stop signals. BDV untranslated 3' and 5' RNA sequences resemble those of other NNS-RNA viruses. Using a set of overlapping probes across the BDV genome, we identified nine in vivo synthesized species of polyadenylated subgenomic RNAs complementary to the negative-strand RNA genome, including monocistronic transcripts corresponding to ORFs I, II, and IV, as well as six polycistronic polyadenylated BDV RNAs. Interestingly, although ORFs III and V were detected within polycistronic transcripts, their corresponding monocistronic transcripts were not detected. Our data indicate that BDV is a member of the Mononegavirales, specially related to the family Rhabdoviridae. However, in contrast to the rest of the NNS-RNA animal viruses, BDV replication and transcription occur in the nucleus of infected cells. These findings suggest a possible relationship between BDV and the plant rhabdoviruses, which also replicate and transcribe in the nucleus.
An Approach for Imitation Learning on Riemannian Manifolds

In imitation learning, multivariate Gaussians are widely used to encode robot behaviors. Such approaches do not provide the ability to properly represent end-effector orientation, as the distance metric in the space of orientations is not Euclidean. In this paper, we present an extension of common imitation learning techniques to Riemannian manifolds. This generalization enables the encoding of joint distributions that include the robot pose. We show that Gaussian conditioning, Gaussian product, and nonlinear regression can be achieved with this representation. The proposed approach is illustrated with examples on a two-dimensional sphere, with an example of regression between two robot end-effector poses, as well as an extension of task-parameterized Gaussian mixture model and Gaussian mixture regression to Riemannian manifolds.
Finger Tracking as an Input Device for Augmented Reality

This paper describes experiments in the use of cross-correlation as a means of tracking pointing devices for a digital desk. The first section introduces the motivation by describing the potential for applying real time computer vision to man machine interaction. The problem of tracking is then formulated and addressed as a problem of optimal signal detection. Signal detection leads to a formulation of tracking using cross-correlation with a reference template as shown section 2. The problems of normalisation, choosing the size of the reference template and search region are addressed. A method is provided to detect when to initiate tracking as well as when tracking has failed. The problem of updating the reference mask is also addressed.
Blazingly fast image copyright enforcement

Many photo agencies use the web to sell access to their image collections. Despite significant security measures, images may be stolen and distributed, making it necessary to detect copyright violations. This demonstration paper describes a content-based system for large-scale automatic copyright enforcement. The paper briefly describes the image description, indexing and retrieval algorithm that lie at the heart of the system. It also describes our proposed demonstration, which is a realistic scenario of copyright violations of a large image collection.
Testing Geometric Properties ∗ †

In this paper we study property testing for basic geometric properties. We aim at developing efficient algorithms which determine whether a given (geometrical) object has a predetermined property Q or is “far” from any object having the property. We show that many basic geometric properties have very efficient testing algorithms, whose running time is significantly smaller than the object description size. We present optimal property testing algorithms for the problem of testing disjointness of geometric objects, disjointness of V-polytopes, convex position property of points sets, and of testing Delaunay triangulations. ∗The results presented in this paper appeared in a preliminary form as a part of the paper “Property testing in computational geometry,” in Proceedings of the 8th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA’00), pages 155–166, volume 1879 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2000 [9]. †Research supported in part by NSF grants ITR-CCR-0313219, CCR-0105701, and by DFG grant Me 872/8-2. ‡Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, czumaj@dcs.warwick. ac.uk. Heinz Nixdorf Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, D-33102 Paderborn, Germany, csohler@upb.de. ¶Heinz Nixdorf Institute and Department of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, D-33102 Paderborn, Germany, ziegler@uni-paderborn.de.
Closed-form transition rate in hopping conduction

A general expression is worked out for the trap-to-trap transition probability per unit time, applicable to amorphous materials where charge conduction is dominated by localized states. The outcome is a closed-form expression involving temperature and local electric potential. It is suitable for inclusion into hydrodynamic or energy-balance numerical solvers to be used for simulating devices based on amorphous materials.
Region-Based Location-Service-Management Protocol for VANETs

The efficiency by which a node of a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) can route messages to destinations heavily depends on the VANET's ability to keep track of the locations of its nodes (vehicles). Current location-management schemes lack scalability and, hence, are proven unable to work in large-scale networks. Therefore, location management in VANETs remains a major challenge. In this paper, we propose a new region-based location-service-management protocol (RLSMP) that uses mobility patterns as means to synthesize node movement and, thus, can be used in large VANET applications. The protocol attempts to relax the scalability issue suffered by other protocols by employing message aggregation in location updating and in querying. Furthermore, due to the protocol's intrinsic locality awareness, it achieves minimum control overhead. To evaluate the efficiency of the protocol, we study its performance analytically and by using simulation for a 2-D random-walk model, as well as on real mobility patterns. The performance of the protocol is compared with that of other prominent location-management protocols.
Iterative Line Cubic Spline Collocation Methods for Elliptic Partial Differential Equations in Several Dimensions

This paper presents a new class of second- and fourth-order line cubic spline collocation methods (the LCSC methods) for multidimensional linear elliptic partial differential equations with no cross derivative terms. The LCSC methods approximate the differential operator along lines in each dimension independently and then combine the results into one large linear system. Expressed in terms of discretization stencils for the operator, these methods have nonzero entries only in the coordinate directions. The advantage of this approach is that the discretization is much simpler to derive and analyze. Further, iterative methods are easily applied to the resulting linear systems, especially on parallel computers. The disadvantage is that the resulting linear system is k times larger in k dimensions.Using the simplicity of the methods, iterative schemes are analyzed and formulated in order to solve the resulting LCSC linear systems in the case of Helmholtz problems. Block Jacobi, extrapolated Jacobi (EJ), and .
Effects of 5-fluorouracil treatment on rat liver microsomal enzymes.

1. The effects of the administration of the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil on P450-mediated metabolizing capacity, and the activity of several related enzymes were examined by comparing two different dosage regimes, i.e. a single ip dose of 5-fluorouracil (120 mg/kg) at 1, 4 and 7 days prior to killing, and a repeated dose regimen of 5-fluorouracil (24 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days) with animals being killed at 1, 4 and 7 days after the last 5-fluorouracil dose. 2. Rat liver microsomes were assayed for total P450 content, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-P450-reductase, aminopyrine demethylase, cyclophosphamide 4-hydroxylase, aniline hydroxylase, androstenedione 6 beta- and 16 alpha-hydroxylase and delta 4-3-oxo-steroid 5 alpha-oxidoreductase activity. 3. The animals that received 5-fluorouracil as a single, high dose did not show any alterations in any of the measured parameters at any of the times at which they were killed. 4. The animals that received chronic low doses of 5-fluorouracil, however, showed a statistically significant decrease in androstenedione 6 beta- and 16 alpha-hydroxylase and cyclophosphamide 4-hydroxylase activity and a statistically significant increase in delta 4-3-oxo-steroid 5 alpha-oxidoreductase activity 4 and 7 days after completion of dosing. 5. Immunoquantified P4502C11 and 3A content was also decreased at these time points. These alterations occurred concurrently with depleted plasma testosterone levels in the groups that received repeated low doses of 5-fluorouracil.
Rapid method for the classification of Baccharis species by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis.

Authentication of herbal drugs is an essential ste p in quality control to avoid problems such as adulteration and incorrect identification of botani cal materials. Accurate information ensure the pati ent’s safety, and promotes the effectiveness of treatment [1-2]. Spectroscopic technics associated with chemometrics analysis are used to discriminate herb al drugs [3]. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrosco py (FT-IR) is among technics that offer significant ad v ntages in authentication process, with low cost, ease of sample preparation, and rapid analysis [2-4]. In th is context, the aim of this study was the use Fouri er Transform Infrared Spectroscopy with chemometric an alysis (FTIR-PCA) as a tool for samples classification of Baccharis species from the Atlantic Forest. To meet this req uirement, 28 specimens were collected in Curitiba and Piraquara, Paraná, Brazil . The areal parts were dried at room temperature, powdered (N2 liquid) and sieved (42 mesh). The samples were ana lyzed on a Bruker® Vertex 70 FTIR spectrometer, using reflectance drift module. Sp ectra were acquired in mid-infrared region (MIR)at 4004000 cm, 64 scans, and resolution of 4 cm . The FT-IR data spectra were assessed using princi al components analysis (PCA) with pre-processing by no rmalization to constant sum, log transformation and auto scaling. The classification of samples in five groups was possible due to the comparison with aut entic samples of B. trimera, B. articulata, B. organensis , B. uncinella and B. aracatubaensis . The procedure was considered rapid, reproducible and with minimal sam ple preparation.
An Econometric Analysis of Patient Flows in the Cardiac ICU

This paper explores the rationing of bed capacity in a cardiac intensive care unit (ICU). We find that the length of stay for patients admitted to the ICU is influenced by the occupancy level of the ICU. In particular, a patient is likely to be discharged early when the occupancy in the ICU is high. This in turn leads to an increased likelihood of the patient having to be readmitted to the ICU at a later time. Such "bounce-backs" have implications for the overall ICU effective capacity – an early discharge immediately frees up capacity, but at the risk of a (potentially much higher) capacity requirement when the patient needs to be readmitted. We analyze these capacity implications, shedding light on the question if an ICU should apply an aggressive discharge strategy or if it should follow the old quality slogan and "do it right the first time. " By comparing the total capacity usage for patients who were discharged early versus those who were not, we show that an aggressive discharge policy applied to patients with lower clinical severity levels frees up capacity in the ICU. However, we find that an increased number of readmissions of patients with high clinical severity levels occur when the ICU is capacity constrained, thereby effectively reducing peak bed capacity.
Partial characterization of an external polysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori by using an immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody

A monoclonal immunoglobulin M antibody, HP15/36, was produced by a hybridoma cell line prepared by fusion of mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/O with spleen cells of mice immunized with Helicobacter pylori D273 (French strain). Immunoelectron microscopy of whole bacteria and ultrathin sections showed that the determinant was located outside the bacterial cell, possibly in the outermost areas. This external reactivity was observed by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays and was confirmed by immunogold study at the ultrastructural level. The reactive epitope was formol and picric acid resistant and allowed the detection of the bacterium on fixed tissue biopsy specimens. The reactive component was extracted with phenol-water. Immunoblotting with such an antigen exhibited a clearly positive reactivity at a molecular mass between 50 and 120 kDa. This reactivity was suppressed by periodate oxidation, suggesting a carbohydrate epitope. The diagnostic value and significance of this polysaccharide in microbe-host interactions remain to be determined.