Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Individuals with Agoraphobia from a Population-Based Prospective Study

Background Anxiety disorders have been linked to an increased risk of incident coronary heart disease in which inflammation plays a key pathogenic role. To date, no studies have looked at the association between proinflammatory markers and agoraphobia. Methods In a random Swiss population sample of 2890 persons (35-67 years, 53% women), we diagnosed a total of 124 individuals (4.3%) with agoraphobia using a validated semi-structured psychiatric interview. We also assessed socioeconomic status, traditional cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., body mass index, hypertension, blood glucose levels, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio), and health behaviors (i.e., smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity), and other major psychiatric diseases (other anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, drug dependence) which were treated as covariates in linear regression models. Circulating levels of inflammatory markers, statistically controlled for the baseline demographic and health-related measures, were determined at a mean follow-up of 5.5 ± 0.4 years (range 4.7 – 8.5). Results Individuals with agoraphobia had significantly higher follow-up levels of C-reactive protein (p = 0.007) and tumor-necrosis-factor-α (p = 0.042) as well as lower levels of the cardioprotective marker adiponectin (p = 0.032) than their non-agoraphobic counterparts. Follow-up levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusions Our results suggest an increase in chronic low-grade inflammation in agoraphobia over time. Such a mechanism might link agoraphobia with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and needs to be tested in longitudinal studies.
Detection and projection of carbonate dissolution in the water column and deep‐sea sediments due to ocean acidification

Dissolution of fossil fuel CO2 in seawater results in decreasing carbonate ion concentration and lowering of seawater pH with likely negative impacts for many marine organisms. We project detectable changes in carbonate dissolution and evaluate their potential to mitigate atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidification with a global biogeochemistry model HAMOCC forced by different CO2 emission scenarios. Our results suggest that as the anthropogenic CO2 signal penetrates into ocean interior, the saturation state of carbonate minerals will drop drastically – with undersaturation extending from the ocean floor up to 100–150 m depth in the next century. This will induce massive dissolution of CaCO3 in the water column as well as the sediment, increasing the Total Alkalinity (TA) by up to 180 μmol kg−1 at the surface and in the ocean interior over the next 2500 years. Model results indicate an inhomogeneous response among different ocean basins: Atlantic carbonate chemistry responds faster and starts recovering two millennia after CO2 emissions cease, which is not the case in the Pacific. CaCO3rain stops in the Pacific Ocean around 2230. Using an observation‐derived detection threshold for TA, we project detectable dissolution‐driven changes only by the year 2070 in the surface ocean and after 2230 and 2500 in the deep Atlantic and Pacific respectively. We show that different model assumptions regarding dissolution and calcification rates have little impact on future projections. Instead, anthropogenic CO2 emissions overwhelmingly control the degree of perturbation in ocean chemistry. In conclusion, ocean carbonate dissolution has insignificant potential in mitigating atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidification in the next millennia.
Emerging from the shadow of medicine: allied health as a ‘profession community’ subculture

Abstract The authority relationship between medicine and the allied health professions has been conceptualised as one of subordination. The research that underpinned the subordination thesis was largely based on pre-1980 studies of interprofessional interaction and struggle. This article presents data from a comparative longitudinal case study analysis of Australian allied health professions employed in three distinct organisational models in urban acute care general hospitals during the 1990s. The article discusses the emergence of a distinct allied health ‘profession community’ subculture associated with the emergence of new organisational structures in Australia. A model to account for subculture development under different organisational conditions is proposed. A key concern is the way in which a ‘profession community’ is created, structured and maintained in the complex organisational settings of the acutecare hospital. The findings challenge the notion that subordination is an inevitable consequence of medical dominance and calls for a re-formulation of our understanding of the relationship between medicine and allied health professions in light of contemporary health service reforms.
COGNITIVE PREFERENCE ORIENTATIONS IN STUDENTS OF CHEMISTRY

Summary. A 40-item chemistry-based ‘cognitive preference test’ was developed and administered to 284 students subsequent to their study of O-level chemistry, in an attempt to identify preferred modes of attending to scientific subject matter. The results allow two major cognitive styles scales to be formulated: the first measures students' ‘scientific curiosity,’ i.e., their willingness to extend their knowledge of chemistry beyond existing confines; the second scale measures students' orientation towards the ‘pure’ or ‘applied’ science side. Cognitive styles were found to vary considerably with academic ability in chemistry: high achievers are strongly inclined towards further learning of the subject and oriented towards the ‘pure’ science domain. Low achievers display the reverse characteristics.
Culture and body image: Body perception and weight concern in young Asian and Caucasian British women

The comparatively lower prevalence of eating disorders among Asian and Afro-Caribbean than Caucasian women in the UK has often been attributed to cultural differences in pressures for slimness. However, there have been no attempts to evaluate cultural differences in ideals for female physique directly among women in the at risk age groups. In the present study, cultural influences on body image were evaluated by comparing the body size ideals, body image and dieting concerns in a sample of 274 young white and Asian British women. The results indicate that Asian women are less likely to describe themselves as too fat, were less dissatisfied with their body size, less likely to want to lose weight and less restrained. However, Asian women were slimmer than white women and, after controlling for the difference in body size, the effects were reduced. The hypothesis that any body satisfaction differences could be explained by differences in ideal body size between the two groups were not supported; Asian women favoured even slimmer ideal body sizes than white women. Alternative explanations in terms of cultural differences in evaluation of fatness are discussed.
Anticipating Infertility

This article discusses the new reproductive technology of egg freezing in the context of existing literature on gender, medicalization, and infertility. What is unique about this technology is its use by women who are not currently infertile but who may anticipate a future diagnosis. This circumstance gives rise to a new ontological category of “anticipated infertility. ” The author draws on participant observation and a qualitative analysis of scientific, mainstream, and marketing literature to identify and compare the representation of two different candidates for egg freezing: women with cancer and healthy young women. Although both populations experience anticipated infertility, their dichotomous portrayals as appropriate candidates are demonstrative of gender norms linking women to motherhood. Egg freezing is a concise illustration of how the medicalization of women’s bodies and bodily processes masks a host of cultural anxieties about aging, illness, reproduction, and risk.
Comparison between Tuber gennadii and T. oligospermum lineages reveals the existence of the new species T. cistophilum (Tuberaceae, Pezizales)

New collections of T. gennadii, T. oligospermum and T. asa (Tuberaceae, Pezizales) from the Mediterranean basin were compared on the basis of morphology and DNA sequences. Phylogenetic inference based on the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the 28S nuclear large ribosomal subunit (nrLSU) indicates that T. gennadii includes at least two lineages with characteristic morphological traits. T. gennadii s. str. has small subglobose ascomata with conspicuous glebal locules that form a continuous labyrinth when mature and has a prosenchymatic peridium. T. lacunosum has medium to large, deeply lobed ascomata with small to very small isolated locules when mature and has a pseudoparenchymatic peridium. Two major clades were identified within the T. oligospermum group. On the basis of morphological, ecological and biogeographical data, these are identified with the taxa T. oligospermum (= T. asa) and T. sphaerospermum. Tuber oligospermum forms small to medium globose or subglobose, whitish ascomata, with globose to broadly ellipsoidal ascospores and is found in alkaline, sandy soils. Tuber sphaerospermum forms medium to large, irregularly globose or deeply lobed, yellowish ascomata, with regularly globose ascospores and is found in acidic soils. Finally, a new truffle species with a prosenchymatic peridium and globose to ellipsoid reticulate spores, collected in acidic argillaceous soils of Spain under Cistus ladanifer is proposed here as the new species T. cistophilum.
Improving music source separation based on deep neural networks through data augmentation and network blending

This paper deals with the separation of music into individual instrument tracks which is known to be a challenging problem. We describe two different deep neural network architectures for this task, a feed-forward and a recurrent one, and show that each of them yields themselves state-of-the art results on the SiSEC DSD100 dataset. For the recurrent network, we use data augmentation during training and show that even simple separation networks are prone to overfitting if no data augmentation is used. Furthermore, we propose a blending of both neural network systems where we linearly combine their raw outputs and then perform a multi-channel Wiener filter post-processing. This blending scheme yields the best results that have been reported to-date on the SiSEC DSD100 dataset.
Regulating Smart Personal Devices in Restricted Spaces

Smart personal devices equipped with a wide range of sensors and peripherals can potentially be misused in various environments. They can be used to exfiltrate sensitive information from enterprises and federal offices or be used to smuggle unauthorized information into classrooms and examination halls. One way to prevent these situations is to regulate how smart devices are used in such restricted spaces. In this paper, we present an approach that robustly achieves this goal for ARM TrustZone-based personal devices. In our approach, restricted space hosts use remote memory operations to analyze and regulate guest devices within the restricted space. We show that the ARM TrustZone allows our approach to obtain strong security guarantees while only requiring a small trusted computing base to execute on guest devices.
The Effect of Stress and Speech Rate on Vowel Coarticulation in Catalan Vowel-Consonant-Vowel Sequences.

PURPOSE The goal of this study was to ascertain the effect of changes in stress and speech rate on vowel coarticulation in vowel-consonant-vowel sequences. METHOD Data on second formant coarticulatory effects as a function of changing /i/ versus /a/ were collected for five Catalan speakers' productions of vowel-consonant-vowel sequences with the fixed vowels /i/ and /a/ and consonants: the approximant /δ/, the alveolopalatal nasal /ɲ/, and /l/, which in the Catalan language differs in darkness degree according to speaker. RESULTS In agreement with predictions formulated by the degree-of-articulation-constraint model of coarticulation, the size of the vowel coarticulatory effects was inversely related to the degree of articulatory constraint for the consonant, and the direction of those effects was mostly carryover or anticipatory in vowel-consonant-vowel sequences with highly constrained consonants (/ɲ/, dark /l/) and more variable whenever the intervocalic consonant was less constrained (/δ/, clear /l/). Stress and speech-rate variations had an effect on overall vowel duration, second formant frequency, and coarticulation size but not on the consonant-specific patterns of degree and direction of vowel coarticulation. CONCLUSION These results indicate that prosodically induced coarticulatory changes conform to the basic principles of segmental coarticulatory organization.
A Cinefluorographic Investigation of Selected Clarinet Playing Techniques

and teachers of the clarinet has been a lack of knowledge about the function of the internal oral structures of the performer during actual clarinet performance. The application of cinefluorography (x-ray motion pictures) has made it possible to photograph in synchronous sound and motion supralaryngeal adjustments in speech and voice. On the basis of available cinefluorographic studies, such as those by Molll and Whitworth,2 it was believed that an application of cinefluorographic research techniques to clarinet playing would yield information of value to clarinet teachers and performers. Specific areas of research were: 1. The feasibility of applying cinefluorography to investigate clarinet
Challenging the speech intelligibility index: macroscopic vs. microscopic prediction of sentence recognition in normal and hearing-impaired listeners

A “microscopic” model of phoneme recognition, which includes an auditory model and a simple speech recognizer, is adapted to model the recognition of single words within whole German sentences. “Microscopic” in terms of this model is defined twofold, first, as analyzing the particular spectro-temporal structure of the speech waveforms, and second, as basing the recognition of whole sentences on the recognition of single words. This approach is evaluated on a large database of speech recognition results from normal-hearing and sensorineural hearing-impaired listeners. Individual audiometric thresholds are accounted for by implementing a spectrally-shaped hearing threshold simulating noise. Furthermore, a comparative challenge between the microscopic model and the “macroscopic” Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) is performed using the same listeners’ data. The results are that both models show similar correlations of modeled Speech Reception Thresholds (SRTs) to observed SRTs.
Sequence Planning Using Multiple and Coordinated Sequences of Operations

The sequential behavior of a manufacturing system results from several constraints introduced during the product, manufacturing, and control logic development. This paper proposes methods and algorithms for automatically representing and visualizing this behavior from various perspectives throughout the development process. A new sequence planning approach is introduced that uses self-contained operations to model the activities and execution constraints. These operations can be represented and visualized from multiple perspectives using a graphical and formal language called Sequences of Operations (SOPs). The operations in a manufacturing system are related to each other in various ways, due to execution constraints expressed by operation pre- and post-conditions. These operation relations include parallel, sequence, arbitrary order, alternative, and hierarchy relations. Based on the SOP language, these relations are identified and visualized in various SOPs and sequences. A software tool, Sequence Planner, has been developed, for organizing the operations into SOPs that visualize only relevant operations and relations.
State of Affairs of Tuberculosis in Prison Facilities: A Systematic Review of Screening Practices and Recommendations for Best TB Control

Background Prisoners are at high risk of developing tuberculosis (TB), causing morbidity and mortality. Prison facilities encounter many challenges in TB screening procedures and TB control. This review explores screening practices for detection of TB and describes limitations of TB control in prison facilities worldwide. Methods A systematic search of online databases (e.g., PubMed and Embase) and conference abstracts was carried out. Research papers describing screening and diagnostic practices among prisoners were included. A total of 52 articles met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of TB prevalence in prison facilities by screening and diagnostic tools was performed. Results The most common screening tool was symptom questionnaires (63·5%), mostly reporting presence of cough. Microscopy of sputum with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and solid culture were the most frequently combined diagnostic methods (21·2%). Chest X-ray and tuberculin skin tests were used by 73·1% and 50%, respectively, as either a screening and/or diagnostic tool. Median TB prevalence among prisoners of all included studies was 1,913 cases of TB per 100,000 prisoners (interquartile range [IQR]: 332–3,517). The overall annual median TB incidence was 7·0 cases per 1000 person-years (IQR: 2·7–30·0). Major limitations for successful TB control were inaccuracy of diagnostic algorithms and the lack of adequate laboratory facilities reported by 61·5% of studies. The most frequent recommendation for improving TB control and case detection was to increase screening frequency (73·1%). Discussion TB screening algorithms differ by income area and should be adapted to local contexts. In order to control TB, prison facilities must improve laboratory capacity and frequent use of effective screening and diagnostic tools. Sustainable political will and funding are critical to achieve this.
Precursors to measuring outcomes in clinical supervision: A thematic analysis.

Outcome studies in clinical supervision will be useful and meaningful if they are soundly based on such precursor fundamentals as an agreed definition of what supervision is, a shared understanding of how the concept of supervision is operationalized, and a consensus approach to identifying the important competencies in supervision. Similarly, the better quality outcome studies are those in which fidelity has been closely attended to. Significant progress has been made toward the goal of operationalizing clinical supervision competencies (Fouad et al., 2009; Rings, Genuchi, Hall, Angelo, & Cornish, 2009; Rodolfa et al., 2013; Roth & Pilling, 2009; Watkins, 2013), but the task is incomplete and the profession is still at a stage in which the specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes of clinical supervisors are yet to be well operationalized (Falender & Shafranske, 2012). By consolidating and aggregating existing competency frameworks, the best available evidence can be utilized to inform the development of a framework of competency that operationalizes the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to provide clinical supervision. An inductive thematic analysis of international clinical supervision competency frameworks was used to examine the strength of evidence that exists for specific competencies and to identify competencies that require additional conceptualization and consensus. Nine broad themes emerged from the analysis.
Identifying and Applying the Communicative and the Constructivist Approaches to Facilitate Transfer of Knowledge in the Bilingual Classroom

This article provides recommendations for the implementation of the CCT model (Communication, Constructivism, and Transference of knowledge) in the education of English language learners (ELLs). Following the structure of the theoretical framework represented in the model, the article describes how the CCT is identified in the research studies in this issue and suggests specific recommendations to facilitate the implementation of the model in the education of ELLs. Following the structure of the CCT model, the article first suggests ways in which bilingual or any teacher working with ELLs can apply the principles of the communicative approach to their classroom activities; second, proposes mechanisms and procedures to create a constructivist learning environment; and third, devises means for bilingual students to facilitate transfer of declarative, procedural, and strategic knowledge from one language to the other.
A 125,582 vector/s throughput and 95.1% accuracy ANN searching processor with Neuro-Fuzzy Vision Cache for real-time object recognition

A fast and accurate Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) searching processor is proposed to resolve the main bottleneck of the real-time object recognition process, the ANN searching. A new scheme, Spatio-Temporal Locality searching (STL-searching), is proposed to reduce the external memory bandwidth by at least 78x compared to Locality Sensitive Hash (LSH) scheme. However, the STL-searching suffers from low cache hit/miss decision accuracy, 52%. To improve the decision accuracy, a Neuro-Fuzzy Vision Cache (NFVC) with NFVC controller is proposed so that cache hit/miss decision can be made at 96% accuracy. It is implemented in 0. 13μm CMOS process and achieves 125,582 vector/s throughput and 95.1% ANN searching accuracy, which are 2.02x and 1.32x higher than the state-of-the-art work.
Simultaneous Estimation of Ondansetron and Pantoprazole in Solid Dosage Form by First Derivative Spectroscopy Method

The objective of this work was to develop and validate simple, rapid, and accurate UV specrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of Ondansetron and Pantoprazole in enteric coated tablet dosage form. UV spectrophotometric method involves first derivative spectroscopy using 288.5 nm and 310 nm as zero crossing point for Pantoprazole and Ondansetron respectively. For spectrophotometric method, water was used as a solvent. Both the drug and their mix obeyed Beer- Lamberts law at selected wavelength was observed in concentration range of 0.5-2.5ug/ml of Ondansetron and 5-25ug/ml of Pantoprazole. Results of analysis were analyzed and validated for various parameters according to ICH guidelines. This method was found to be simple, precise, accurate, selective and rapid and can be successfully applied for the determination of pure laboratory mixtures and tablet formulations.
ODNBase-a web database for antisense oligonucleotide effectiveness studies

SUMMARY ODNBase is a database of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeted to mammalian mRNAs that were reported in the literature. It includes the oligo sequences tested, the measured effectiveness, the RNA that was targeted, the type of measurement assay used, the oligo concentration applied, and the reference for each oligo. It provides a searchable interface by motif content, activity level, applied concentration and RNA name. Oligo lists matching search criteria can be downloaded in a spreadsheet compatible format.