Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vegf, vegf‐B, vegf‐C and their receptors KDR, FLT‐1 and FLT‐4 during the neoplastic progression of human colonic mucosa

Because the crucial role of angiogenesis has been demonstrated in tumor growth and metastasis, the present study was undertaken to characterize the relative expression of vascular endothelial growth factors VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), VEGF‐B, VEGF‐C, and their receptors KDR (kinase insert domain‐containing receptor), FLT‐1 (fms‐like tyrosine kinase), and FLT‐4 in human colonic cancers, in relation to the Astler‐Coller pathological classification, and to prognosis. VEGF and VEGF‐B gene expression was quantified by Northern blot in 72 tumor samples matched with control tissues. VEGF gene expression was 1.4 times higher in adenocarcinomas than in control tissues (p = 0.02), but did not increase further between Astler‐Coller tumor stages A and D, and did not correlate with disease recurrence for patients at stages B2 or C. In adenomas, VEGF mRNA levels were not significantly different from those in the paired control colonic mucosa. The expression pattern of VEGF isoforms, mainly identified by RT‐PCR (reverse‐transcriptase‐coupled polymerase chain reaction) as VEGF121 and VEGF165 and to a lesser extent VEGF189, was comparable in tumor and control tissues. VEGF‐B mRNA levels were unchanged during the neoplastic progression of colonic mucosa. In contrast to KDR and FLT‐4, the expression of VEGF‐C and FLT‐1 genes increased in some pathological tissues. These results provide evidence that the early and sustained increase in VEGF transcripts and the expression of multiple angiogenic factors and receptors contribute to the development of colon cancer, and thus constitute a putative target for anti‐angiogenic drug therapy. Int. J. Cancer 86:174–181, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Female Nurse Anesthetists Versus Operating Room Nurses: Prevalence, Laterality, and Impact of Handedness

Nurse anesthesia may be a high-risk occupation for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in the workplace. We designed a cross-sectional investigation to study the prevalence of CTS in nurse anesthetists (NAs) as compared with operating room nurses (ORNs). Two-hundred forty-four female operating room workers were classified by job title as NAs (n = 63) and ORNs (n = 181). The case definition of CTS was established by a history of surgical correction or a combination of four positive historical and physical findings. There were 10 cases of CTS in NAs and 10 cases of CTS in ORNs. The crude odds ratio (OR) for CTS in NAs was 3.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.27–8.17, P = 0.021). The crude OR for left-hand CTS in NAs was also 3.23 and 3.58 for bilateral CTS. When adjusted for nondominant left-hand or bilateral CTS, the OR for CTS in NAs was 3.85. The Yates-corrected &khgr;2 for CTS in NAs was 5.346 (P = 0.021) and 5.075 (P = 0.024) for nondominant left-hand or bilateral CTS in NAs as compared with ORNs. On the basis of our data analysis, nondominant left-hand CTS and bilateral CTS were significantly more prevalent in NAs than ORNs.
A unique defect in the regulation of visceral fat cell lipolysis in the polycystic ovary syndrome as an early link to insulin resistance.

The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unknown. However, PCOS has a strong resemblance to the insulin resistance (metabolic) syndrome, where an increased rate of visceral fat cell lipolysis is believed to play a pathophysiological role. We hypothesized that primary defects in visceral lipolysis might also exist in PCOS. Ten young, nonobese, and otherwise healthy PCOS women were compared with 13 matched control women. In vitro lipolysis regulation and stoichiometric properties of the final step in lipolysis activation, namely the protein kinase A (PKA)-hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) complex, were investigated in isolated visceral (i.e., omental) fat cells. Body fat distribution and circulating levels of insulin, glucose, and lipids were normal in PCOS women. However, in vivo insulin sensitivity was slightly decreased (P = 0.03). Catecholamine-induced adipocyte lipolysis was markedly (i.e., about twofold) increased in PCOS women due to changes at the postreceptor level, although there was no change in the antilipolytic properties of visceral fat cells. Western blot analyses of visceral adipose tissue showed twofold increased levels of the catalytic and the regulatory Ialpha components of PKA. In contrast, the regulatory RIIbeta component of PKA was almost 50% decreased in visceral adipose tissue in PCOS women. Recent studies on genetically modified mice have shown that a similar transition in the regulatory PKA units induces an increased lipolytic response to catecholamines. Further analysis showed that the level of HSL-short, an enzymatically inactive splice form of HSL, was decreased in PCOS (P < 0.01). The altered lipolysis in PCOS is different from that observed in visceral fat cells in the insulin resistance syndrome that occurs at the level of adrenergic receptors. We concluded that increased catecholamine-induced lipolysis in visceral fat cells may be due to unique alterations in the stoichiometric properties of the adipose PKA-HSL holoenzymes. This could be an early and possibly primary lipolysis defect in PCOS.
Proteogenomic Insights into the Intestinal Parasite Blastocystis sp. Subtype 4 Isolate WR1

Blastocystis sp. is known for years as a highly prevalent anaerobic eukaryotic parasite of humans and animals. Several monophyletic clades have been delineated based on molecular data, and the occurrence of each subtype in humans and/or animal hosts has been documented. The genome of several representatives has been sequenced revealing specific traits such as an intriguing 3'‐end processing of primary transcripts. Here, a first high‐throughput proteomics dataset acquired on this difficult‐to‐cultivate parasite is presented for the zoonotic subtype T4 isolate WR1. Amongst the 2766 detected proteins, we highlighted the role of a small ADP ribosylation factor GTP‐binding protein involved in intracellular traffic as major regulator of vesicle biogenesis and a voltage‐dependent anion‐selective channel protein because both were unexpectedly highly abundant. We show how these data may be used for gaining proteogenomics insights into Blastocystis sp. specific molecular mechanisms. We evidenced for the first time by proteogenomics a functional termination codon derived from transcript polyadenylation for seven different key cellular components.
The Dendroarchaeology Of Cagle Saltpetre Cave: A 19th Century Saltpeter Mining Site In Van Buren County, Tennessee, U.S.A

Abstract During the historic mining episodes at Cagle Saltpetre Cave, wooden leaching vats needed for the lixiviation of calcium nitrate from mined sediments (from which saltpeter was then produced) were constructed and used in the cave. When mining operations ceased, these features were abandoned and preserved in situ, some remaining virtually intact. Their remarkable preservation enabled tree-ring dating of timbers associated with these vats to be accomplished. Tree rings from oak planks used in the construction of the leaching vats were measured to 0.001 mm precision on a Velmex measuring system. Using COFECHA software, we crossdated the measurement series to both the Norris Dam State Park and Piney Creek Pocket Wilderness white oak reference chronologies, spanning the years from 1633 to 1982, obtained from the International Tree-Ring Data Bank. Graphical comparisons via scatter plots were inspected to ensure correct temporal placements. The final chronology developed from 39 dated series correlated very highly with the Norris Dam State Park reference chronology (r = 0.49, n = 170 yrs, t = 7.29, p < 0.0001) and verified that our site chronology extends from 1692 to 1861 The results of our analyses indicate that saltpeter was mined and processed at the site during separate episodes throughout the 19th Century. Additionally, saltpeter-processing technology changed throughout the course of the mining operations.
Improved Uniformity in Tomographie Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Attenuation Correction and Enhanced Acquisition and Processing

Tissue attenuation results Â¡nnonuniform myocardial perfusion images with significant sex differences. New SPECT imaging protocols to correct attenuation are currently under investigation. This study was performed to assess the effects of attenuation correction (AC) on overall image uniformity compared with more conventional imaging protocols in both men and women. Methods: Thirty-nine patients (19 men, 20 women) with less than a 5% likelihood of coronary artery disease were studied. 99mTc-sestamibistudies were acquired with a triple-head scanner equipped with a simultaneous transmission and emission proto col. Four imaging protocols were compared: a 180Â°acquisition and filtered backprojection reconstruction (FBP), a 360Â°acquisi tion and FBP, a 360Â°acquisition and iterative reconstruction (IT), and a 360Â°acquisition with IT and AC. Quantitative analysis was performed to evaluate myocardial tracer uniformity for men and women. Results: 180Â°,360Â°FBP, and 360Â°IT showed sex differences, with decreased tracer concentration in the anterior wall in women and decreased tracer concentration in the inferior wall in men. AC images showed the greatest uniformity (9.9% coefficient of variation for AC versus 12.5% for IT, P < 0.0001), and no statistically significant differences in uniformity were seen between male and female AC studies. Conclusion: More uni form myocardial perfusion images were obtained with AC, result ing in images with no differences in uniformity between men and women. These techniques are expected to improve specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy.
Merged MPEG-7 visual descriptors for image classification

In this paper we investigated how merging of MPEG-7 visual descriptors can improve accuracy of image classification systems. Combination of MPEG-7 Colour Layout Descriptor (CLD) and Edge Histogram Descriptor (EHD) was used to extract features for input into multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. SVM classifier was trained and evaluated on a standard test database of 1000 images classified into 10 categories. Achieved accuracy for merged descriptors has shown significant improvement compared to the results when CLD and EHD descriptors were used independently.
State Lotteries as Fiscal Savior or Fiscal Fraud: A Look at the Evidence

As early as 1966, the lottery was characterized as "a fickle form of finance. " ' At that time, only New Hampshire had a state lottery. In 1986, the number of lottery states will reach 22 plus the District of Columbia, including almost 60 percent of the nation's population. This increase in the number of lotteries reflects a popularity rare among public revenue sources. For example, 1984 lottery referenda in California, Missouri, Oregon, and West Virginia all passed by substantial margins; in only 10 of the 274 counties involved did the question receive less than half the votes cast. In the present environment, which is clearly pro-lottery, it is reasonable to examine lotteries as means of government finance. Has something changed to make them productive and acceptable sources of revenue, or does the growth of the state lotteries across the United States represent the expansion of a bad idea?
Short-Eared Owl (Asio Flammeus)

Short-eared Owl is nomadic, nesting and wintering in areas with a local abundance of Microtus voles and other small mammals, and generally avoids forested areas. It is a rare breeder in Saskatchewan except in low-lying grasslands in the Last Mountain Lake – Quill Lakes area.1 Its irregular appearances obscure the continent-wide downward population decline as measured by Christmas Bird Counts.2 The primary factor appears to be habitat loss and alternation.
Multi-channel neural network for steganalysis

We describe a novel strategy of building a steganalyzer for digital images. The process starts with extracting the feature of the probabilistic selection channel based spatial rich model (so-called maxSRMd2). Then we feed the maxSRMd2 into a well-designed multi-channel neural network. In contrast to previous approaches, we take the maxSRMd2 as a low-level representation. The multi-channel neural network can learn from it and build high-level representations and a softmax classifier via end-to-end training. We demonstrate the proposed framework on two spatial steganographic algorithms: WOW and S-UNIWARD. By visualizing the weights of the neural network, it is observed that how different the submodels engage in detection. We can obtain the selection order of submodels based on the mean absolute value of each submodel's weights. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method has better generalization, and comparative or higher accuracy than the ensemble classifier in most cases.
Asymmetric Fluctuating Behavior of China's Housing Prices

The present study explains the reasons for the imbalanced development of the Chinese housing market. Using the quantile autoregression unit-root test, we examine housing prices in China's five major cities. The results show that the rising and falling of housing prices in these cities exhibits asymmetric reversion. When housing prices fall, market capital is highly sensitive to housing prices, and housing prices resist the pressure to fall further. However, when housing prices rise, the housing market becomes imbalanced, with housing prices tending to overreact in an upturn. The results of this study indicate that when housing prices rise irrationally, the government should intervene in the housing market promptly to prevent housing bubbles.
A Large Eddy Simulation of the Fenestron® at high blade pitch angle

The helicopter manufacturers face a great challenge by extending the limit of the flight envelop for adapting their rotorcrafts to changing customer needs. For supporting further developments, the recent progress in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) enable a better understanding of the flow physics especially in the case of complex geometries like the Fenestron®. This paper proposes a first Large Eddy Simulation (LES) performed on a full scale Dauphin Fenestron®. The objective is to better understand the turbulent flows especially for high blade pitch angle where the rotor blade can encounter massive boundary-layer separations. A comparison between a steady state RANS and a LES is achieved to characterize the effect of turbulence modeling on the flow predictions. Both approaches are compared with experimental data to evaluate the capability of the numerical simulations to estimate both global performance (thrust and power) and local flows (static pressure at the shroud and radial profiles inside the vein). Global performance are correctly predicted by RANS and LES. The LES approach accurately predicts the flow in the vicinity of the rotor blade, with a particular interest for the tip-leakage flow. In this region a qualitative analysis of the two solutions highlights different vortex roll-up behaviors. 1. ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOL
In-cell thermodynamics and a new role for protein surfaces

Significance Understanding protein thermodynamics as it occurs inside cells is a fundamental goal of biophysics, and, from a practical point of view, will facilitate the design and improvement of protein-based drugs and catalysts. By measuring the temperature dependence of protein stability inside Escherichia coli cells, we show, contrary to predictions, that proteins are not necessarily stabilized inside cells compared with buffer alone. We also show that crowding-induced charge–charge interactions slow folding because of preferential interactions with the unfolded ensemble, and reducing these interactions increases protein stability. There is abundant, physiologically relevant knowledge about protein cores; they are hydrophobic, exquisitely well packed, and nearly all hydrogen bonds are satisfied. An equivalent understanding of protein surfaces has remained elusive because proteins are almost exclusively studied in vitro in simple aqueous solutions. Here, we establish the essential physiological roles played by protein surfaces by measuring the equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics of protein folding in the complex environment of living Escherichia coli cells, and under physiologically relevant in vitro conditions. Fluorine NMR data on the 7-kDa globular N-terminal SH3 domain of Drosophila signal transduction protein drk (SH3) show that charge–charge interactions are fundamental to protein stability and folding kinetics in cells. Our results contradict predictions from accepted theories of macromolecular crowding and show that cosolutes commonly used to mimic the cellular interior do not yield physiologically relevant information. As such, we provide the foundation for a complete picture of protein chemistry in cells.
Arc mRNA docks precisely at the base of individual dendritic spines indicating the existence of a specialized microdomain for synapse‐specific mRNA translation

Arc (aka Arg 3.1) is induced by neural activity and learning experience. Arc mRNA is rapidly exported into dendrites where it localizes near activated synapses. By imaging green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged mRNA in living neurons in culture, we show that fusion transcripts containing the Arc 3′UTR (untranslated region) localize with remarkable precision in a microdomain at the base of dendritic spines. Transcripts with the Arc 3′UTR that encode a reporter protein rather than Arc show precise localization. Localization persists in the presence of translation inhibitors, indicating that localization does not require ongoing translation. Similarly, polyribosome complexes remained stably positioned at spine bases in brain tissue treated with the translation inhibitor (puromycin) that releases ribosomes from mRNA. Single particle tracking revealed that Arc mRNA particles positioned at spine bases exhibited highly constrained submicron movements. These observations imply the existence of a microdomain at the spine base where Arc mRNA docks in association with a previously unknown mRNA‐binding structural element. J. Comp. Neurol. , 520:3105–3119, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dependence of exponents on text length versus finite-size scaling for word-frequency distributions.

Some authors have recently argued that a finite-size scaling law for the text-length dependence of word-frequency distributions cannot be conceptually valid. Here we give solid quantitative evidence for the validity of this scaling law, using both careful statistical tests and analytical arguments based on the generalized central-limit theorem applied to the moments of the distribution (and obtaining a novel derivation of Heaps' law as a by-product). We also find that the picture of word-frequency distributions with power-law exponents that decrease with text length [X. Yan and P. Minnhagen, Physica A 444, 828 (2016)PHYADX0378-437110.1016/j.physa. 2015.10. 082] does not stand with rigorous statistical analysis. Instead, we show that the distributions are perfectly described by power-law tails with stable exponents, whose values are close to 2, in agreement with the classical Zipf's law. Some misconceptions about scaling are also clarified.
Simulation on Temperature Fuzzy Control in Injection Mould Machine by Simulink

This research introduces a fuzzy linear control design method for the temperature control in injection mould machine. The temperature control system is a time delay system, which is description in first order system on transfer function. The temperature control fuzzy model has two inputs and one output, and using trapezoidal membership function for fuzzification. In the research it uses Simulink in MatLab to simulate fuzzy control, and get the best fuzzy parameter. The simulation method can be used as chose fuzzy parameters in embedded system of the temperature controller.
HLA allelic variants encoding DR11 in diffuse and limited systemic sclerosis in Caucasian women.

OBJECTIVE We investigated HLA class II alleles in women with systemic sclerosis (SSc), a rare disease that preferentially affects women. METHODS Specific alleles of DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 were determined by DNA-based HLA typing for women with SSc (n = 102) and healthy women (n = 533). All study subjects were Caucasian. DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 allele frequencies of women with SSc were compared with those of healthy women. RESULTS Among women with SSc, 29.4% (30/102) and among healthy women 10.7% (57/533) had DRB1*11. Allele frequencies were compared for women with SSc and healthy women (each woman has two alleles). The allele frequency of DRB1*11 was 15.7% (32/204 alleles) in SSc women and 5.8% (62/1066 alleles) in healthy women (P = 0.000002). The increase of DRB1*11 was found both in diffuse (P = 0.0001) and limited SSc (P = 0.002) (allele frequencies 15.0 and 17.2%, respectively). Among women with diffuse SSc, there was a disproportionate increase of the DRB1*1104 allele (P = 0.0004) with no increase of DRB1*1101 (P = 1.00). In contrast, in limited SSc the strongest association was with DRB1*1101 (P = 0.008), with a less significant increase of DRB1*1104 (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS An increase of DRB1*11 in SSc is consistent with other reports. Although present in both diffuse and limited SSc disease subsets, the increase was predominantly due to over-representation of DRB1*1104 in women with diffuse SSc. Women with limited SSc had a preponderance of DRB1*1101, the most common allele in healthy women. DRB1*1104 and DRB1*1101 differ by a single amino acid at position 86, where the former has valine and the latter glycine.
Maturation of Arabidopsis Seeds Is Dependent on Glutathione Biosynthesis within the Embryo1[C]

Glutathione (GSH) has been implicated in maintaining the cell cycle within plant meristems and protecting proteins during seed dehydration. To assess the role of GSH during development of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana [L.] Heynh.) embryos, we characterized T-DNA insertion mutants of GSH1, encoding the first enzyme of GSH biosynthesis, γ-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase. These gsh1 mutants confer a recessive embryo-lethal phenotype, in contrast to the previously described GSH1 mutant, root meristemless 1(rml1), which is able to germinate, but is deficient in postembryonic root development. Homozygous mutant embryos show normal morphogenesis until the seed maturation stage. The only visible phenotype in comparison to wild type was progressive bleaching of the mutant embryos from the torpedo stage onward. Confocal imaging of GSH in isolated mutant and wild-type embryos after fluorescent labeling with monochlorobimane detected residual amounts of GSH in rml1 embryos. In contrast, gsh1 T-DNA insertion mutant embryos could not be labeled with monochlorobimane from the torpedo stage onward, indicating the absence of GSH. By using high-performance liquid chromatography, however, GSH was detected in extracts of mutant ovules and imaging of intact ovules revealed a high concentration of GSH in the funiculus, within the phloem unloading zone, and in the outer integument. The observation of high GSH in the funiculus is consistent with a high GSH1-promoter∷β-glucuronidase reporter activity in this tissue. Development of mutant embryos could be partially rescued by exogenous GSH in vitro. These data show that at least a small amount of GSH synthesized autonomously within the developing embryo is essential for embryo development and proper seed maturation.