Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Emergence of Zika Virus as a Global Health Security Threat: A Review and a Consensus Statement of the INDUSEM Joint working Group (JWG)

The Zika virus (ZIKV), first discovered in 1947, has emerged as a global public health threat over the last decade, with the accelerated geographic spread of the virus noted during the last 5 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that millions of cases of ZIKV are likely to occur in the Americas during the next 12 months. These projections, in conjunction with suspected Zika-associated increase in newborn microcephaly cases, prompted WHO to declare public health emergency of international concern. ZIKV-associated illness is characterized by an incubation period of 3-12 days. Most patients remain asymptomatic (i.e., ~80%) after contracting the virus. When symptomatic, clinical presentation is usually mild and consists of a self-limiting febrile illness that lasts approximately 2-7 days. Among common clinical manifestations are fever, arthralgia, conjunctivitis, myalgia, headache, and maculopapular rash. Hospitalization and complication rates are low, with fatalities being extremely rare. Newborn microcephaly, the most devastating and insidious complication associated with the ZIKV, has been described in the offspring of women who became infected while pregnant. Much remains to be elucidated about the timing of ZIKV infection in the context of the temporal progression of pregnancy, the corresponding in utero fetal development stage(s), and the risk of microcephaly. Without further knowledge of the pathophysiology involved, the true risk of ZIKV to the unborn remains difficult to quantify and remediate. Accurate, portable, and inexpensive point-of-care testing is required to better identify cases and manage the current and future outbreaks of ZIKV, including optimization of preventive approaches and the identification of more effective risk reduction strategies. In addition, much more work needs to be done to produce an effective vaccine. Given the rapid geographic spread of ZIKV in recent years, a coordinated local, regional, and global effort is needed to generate sufficient resources and political traction to effectively halt and contain further expansion of the current outbreak.
The Effect of Zero-Rating on Mobile Broadband Demand: An Empirical Approach and Potential Implications

Zero-rating, a popular practice in which certain services or applications are exempted from data charges, has motivated a debate within the broader topic of net neutrality. Advocates claim that it can be a driver of broadband adoption in less favored regions and population segments, and opponents argue that it entails socially undesirable outcomes. A growing body of literature supports these diverging positions, but empirical evidence and critical assessments are scarce. Therefore, this paper presents a regression model to provide empirical proof of the effect of zero-rating on the demanded quantity of mobile broadband. Results demonstrate that consumers are better off with zero-rating in terms of estimated consumer surplus. Because this evidence addresses only one side of an issue that should be analyzed in a multisided market framework, further theoretical implications are discussed. A key conclusion is that zero-rating can be associated with socially desirable outcomes, and, even though zero-rating also entails the potential for adverse consequences, the results advise caution regarding regulatory tools that might be too stringent.
Do Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Improve when Patients Receive Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Co-morbid Anxiety Disorders in a Primary Care Psychological Therapy (IAPT) Service?

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common co-morbid condition with anxiety disorders, and patients often report a fear of incontinence in public places. This type of bowel control anxiety (BCA) can be conceptualized as a phobic syndrome. Yet little evidence exists on the prevalence or outcomes of these co-morbidities in routine primary care psychological therapy (Improving Access to Psychological Therapies, IAPT) services. Aims: To examine the prevalence and outcomes of IBS and BCA patients treated with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders within a routine IAPT service. Method: An observational cohort study screened 2322 referrals to an IAPT service over 12 months for the presence of IBS. Patients with co-morbid anxiety disorders and IBS were grouped into those with, and without BCA. Patients completed the IBS symptom severity scale and the IAPT minimum data set. Diagnoses and outcomes were examined for all groups up to 6 months follow-up. Results: A greater proportion of BCA patients had a primary diagnosis of phobic disorder. After receiving CBT, patients made clinically significant improvement in both anxiety and IBS symptoms at 6 months follow-up. Patients with BCA made greater improvement in phobia scales and IBS symptoms than non-BCA patients. Conclusions: Anxiety disorders with co-morbid IBS improved significantly in a routine IAPT service. A significant proportion of co-morbid IBS sufferers had a fear of incontinence in public places (BCA). Directly addressing and modifying these fears with CBT appeared to enhance improvement in both phobic anxiety and IBS symptoms.
Initial genome‐wide scan for linkage with schizophrenia in the Japanese schizophrenia sib‐pair linkage group (JSSLG) families

To determine if there are common genes that contribute to the susceptibility for schizophrenia, first‐stage genome‐wide scan was carried out by genotyping 417 short‐tandem repeat (STR) markers in 338 individuals from 130 families with 148 affected sib‐pairs identified at 16 sites nationwide in Japan. Data was from the Japanese Schizophrenia Sib‐pair Linkage Group (JSSLG), which is a multi‐site collaborative study group established to create a national resource for genetic studies of schizophrenia in Japan. All subjects were Japanese, and the probands and their siblings had schizophrenia. Multipoint non‐parametric linkage analysis and exclusion mapping were performed with GENEHUNTER software. Simulation studies suggested that in the absence of linkage we could expect one multipoint maximum LOD score (MLS) of 1.9 per genome scan. An MLS of 3.7 would be expected only once in every 20 genome scans and thus corresponds to a genome‐wide significance of 0.05. No loci in the initial screen fulfilled the criteria for significant or suggestive evidence for linkage. Ten chromosomes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 14, 17, and 20) had at least one region with a nominal P value < 0.05. Susceptibility genes with λs of 3 and 2 were excluded from 98 and 70% of the genome, respectively. Our results suggest that common genes that contribute significantly to susceptibility for schizophrenia are unlikely to exist in the Japanese population. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intellectual Property Appraisal by Fuzzy Multiple Goals Decision-making Method

As intangible asset,intellectual property has great value.There are many uncertainty and illegibility during appraisal,the appraisal methods used now have some disadvantage,so in this paper,we construct and apply Fuzzy Multiple Goals Decision-making Method Model for intellectual property appraisal,and hope that it can help the companies appraise its value properly.
A 1.8 V 18 Mb DDR CMOS SRAM with power reduction techniques

In view of the remarkable progress in MPU performance, improvement in the data rate of L2 cache SRAMs is desirable to maximize system performance. As a solution, Double-Data-Rate (DDR) SRAMs, which can realize an I/O frequency of up to twice that of conventional Single-Data-Rate (SDR) SRAMs, have been reported. Increase in operation-current due to higher operation frequency causes severe power-line noise and heating. Therefore, reduction of operation-current is an important issue in designing high-speed SRAMs. In order to realize both high-frequency operation and power reduction, we propose new sense circuitry and a bit-line load scheme.
Biomimetic Peptide Surfaces That Regulate Adhesion, Spreading, Cytoskeletal Organization, and Mineralization of the Matrix Deposited by Osteoblast‐like Cells

In an effort to regulate mammalian cell behavior in contact with solid material surfaces, we have functionalized surfaces with different ratios of both the putative cell binding (‐Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐) domain and a consensus heparan‐binding domain. The peptide sequences ‐Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐ (‐RGD‐) and ‐Phe‐His‐Arg‐Arg‐Ile‐Lys‐Ala‐ (‐FHRRIKA‐) or mixtures of the two in the ratios of 75:25 (mimetic peptide surface I), 25:75 (mimetic peptide surface II), and 50:50 (mimetic peptide surface III) were immobilized on model surfaces using a heterobifunctional cross‐linker to link the peptide(s) to amine‐functionalized quartz surfaces. Contact angle measurements, spectroscopic ellipsometry, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to confirm the chemistry, thickness of the overlayers, and surface density of immobilized peptides (∼4−6 pmol/cm2). The degree of rat calvaria osteoblast‐like cell spreading, focal contact formation, cytoskeletal organization, proliferation, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on model biomaterial surfaces was examined. Mimetic peptide surface II (MPS II) and MPS III supported the highest degree of cell spreading (p < 0.05), following 4 h of incubation, compared to MPS I, homogeneous ‐RGD‐, and homogeneous ‐FHRRIKA‐ grafted surfaces. Furthermore, MPS I, MPS II, MPS III, and homogeneous ‐RGD‐ surfaces promoted the formation of focal contacts and stress fibers by attached bone cells. The strength of bone cell detachment following 30 min of incubation was significantly higher (p < 0.05) on MPS II surfaces compared to homogeneous ‐RGD‐ and ‐FHRRIKA‐. However, the degree of cell proliferation on the peptide surfaces were not significantly different from each other (p > 0.1). Following 24 d in culture, the areas of mineralized ECM formed on MPS II and MPS III surfaces were significantly (p < 0.05) larger than those of other surfaces. These results demonstrate that utilizing peptide sequences incorporating both cell‐ and heparin‐adhesive motifs can enhance the degree of cell surface interactions and influence the long‐term formation of mineralized ECM in vitro.
Paternal obesity initiates metabolic disturbances in two generations of mice with incomplete penetrance to the F2 generation and alters the transcriptional profile of testis and sperm microRNA content

Obesity is highly prevalent, and its incidence is increasing. The previous study showing a major effect of paternal obesity on metabolic health of offspring is confounded by comorbidity with diabetes. Therefore, we investigated the effect of diet‐induced paternal obesity, in the absence of diabetes, on the metabolic health of two resultant generations and the molecular profiles of the testes and sperm. Founder (F0) male C57BL6 mice were fed either a high‐fat diet (HFD) or a control diet (CD); n = 10/diet for a period of 10 wk. Testis expression of mRNA/microRNAs was analyzed by microarray and qPCR and sperm microRNA abundance by qPCR Two subsequent generations were generated by mating F0 and then F1 mice to CD mice, and their metabolic health was investigated. All mice, other than F0 males, were maintained on a CD. HFD feeding induced paternal obesity with a 21% increase in adiposity, but not overt diabetes, and initiated intergenerational transmission of obesity and insulin resistance in two generations of offspring. This distinct phenotypic constellation is either partially or fully transmitted to both female and male F1 offspring and further transmitted through both parental lineages to the F2 generation, with a heightened effect on female F1 offspring (+67% in adiposity) and their F2 sons (+24% in adiposity). Founder male obesity altered the testes expression of 414 mRNAs by microarray and 11 microRNAs by qPCR, concomitant with alterations in sperm microRNA content and a 25% reduction in global methylation of germ cell DNA Diet‐induced paternal obesity modulates sperm microRNA content and germ cell methylation status, which are potential signals that program offspring health and initiate the transmission of obesity and impaired metabolic health to future generations. This study implicates paternal obesity in the transgenerational amplification of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. —Fullston, T. , Ohlsson Teague, E. M. C. , Palmer, N. O. , DeBlasio, M. J., Mitchell, M. , Corbett, M. , Print, C. G. , Owens, J. A. , Lane, M. , Paternal obesity initiates metabolic disturbances in two generations of mice with incomplete penetrance to the F2 generation and alters the transcriptional profile of testis and sperm microRNA content. FASEBJ. 27, 4226‐4243 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Phenotype and Immunophenotype of the Most Common Pediatric Tumors

Pediatric tumors are heterogenous and can be quite varied in appearance. However, those in the infamous “small round blue-cell tumor” group, with their hyperchromatic nuclei and small amount of cytoplasm can be challenging, and their diagnosis and prognostication require cost-efficient and focused immunohistochemistry and ancillary testing. Ideally, ample material should be obtained for routine histology and ancillary testing, including immunohistochemistry, fluorescent in situ hybridization, fresh tissue for cytogenetic studies, and snap-frozen tumor for DNA/RNA extraction both for routine molecular testing (ie, reverse-transcription PCR studies), as well as future research study protocols (genome wide studies, targeted gene sequencing). This review focuses on the main pediatric tumors with emphasis on immunophenotype, keeping in mind that a directed panel approach yields the highest yield with combination of clinical history, histologic features, and ancillary molecular testing.
EVI1 Promotes Cell Proliferation by Interacting with BRG1 and Blocking the Repression of BRG1 on E2F1 Activity*

EVI1 is a complex protein required for embryogenesis and inappropriately expressed in many types of human myeloid leukemia. Earlier we showed that the forced expression of EVI1 in murine hematopoietic precursor cells leads to their abnormal differentiation and increased proliferation. In this report, we show that EVI1 physically interacts with BRG1 and its functional homolog BRM in mammalian cells. We found that the C terminus of EVI1 interacts strongly with BRG1 and that the central and C-terminal regions of BRG1 are involved in EVI1-BRG1 interaction. Using reporter gene assays, we demonstrate that EVI1 activates the E2F1 promoter in NIH3T3 cells but not in BRG1-negative SW13 cells. Ectopic expression of BRG1 is able to repress the E2F1 promoter in vector-transfected SW13 cells but not in EVI1-transfected SW13 cells. Finally, we show that EVI1 up-regulates cell proliferation in BRG1-positive 32Dcl3 cells but not in BRG1-negative SW13 cells. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that the interaction with BRG1 is important for up-regulation of cell-growth by EVI1.
Regularity analysis of the temperature distribution of epoxy impregnated paper converter transformer bushings

The converter transformer epoxy impregnated paper bushing is a multi-media electrical equipment, and the main materials include the internal conductor, the external conductor, transformer oil, SF6 gas, the air inside internal conductor, the main insulation material epoxy impregnated paper, sheath, and fittings. In actual operating, the converter transformer bushing is undertaken by the harmonic current with large number of high harmonics and the temperature distribution of the epoxy impregnated paper converter transformer bushings under actual current waveform needs to be researched. What's more, the temperature distribution of the epoxy impregnated paper converter transformer bushings is affected by several factors and to provide basis for the optimization of bushings it's necessary to research about the impact of these factors on the temperature distribution of the epoxy impregnated paper converter transformer bushings. In this paper, on the basis of our previous paper [8], the 3-D temperature distribution of the 400 kV epoxy impregnated paper converter transformer bushing under actual current waveform with large number of harmonics has been simulated by using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element method (FEM) analysis. The temperature distribution regularity of the 400 kV converter transformer bushing under different influencing factors has been computed and analyzed. The dissipation structure of the bushing has been optimized and the DC steady-state electric field distribution of the 400 kV converter transformer bushing has been obtained considering the temperature gradient in epoxy impregnated paper.
Measuring the lipid content of live animals using cyclopropane gas.

The cyclopropane technique was validated, and it accurately estimated the lipid mass of six pond turtles (Trachemys scripta). This technique provided more accurate estimates of lipid mass and lipid-free mass (by difference) than other nonfatal techniques. This technique was accurate despite the turtles' low lipid contents (0.71-3.5% of body mass), variable water contents (65-74% of body mass), and variable body temperatures (approximately 23-31 degrees C). A computer model of the cyclopropane technique revealed that an analytical error of 1% in variables measured (e.g., body water content and body temperature) may cause errors of less than 1-6% in lipid estimates.
Basal expression of bradykinin B1 receptor in the spinal cord in humans and rats

The bradykinin B1 receptor has been considered as a receptor induced by tissue injury and inflammation mainly in the peripheral tissues. In the present study, we have investigated whether there is a basal expression in the spinal cord by both reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining methods. Southern blotting of the DNA reverse-transcribed from human and rat spinal cord mRNA and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed a substantial basal B1 receptor expression in both human and rat spinal cord. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated B1-positive neurons in the spinal cord dorsal horn, suggesting that the B1 receptor is constitutively expressed by spinal neurons.
ARMA/FDTD technique for reflection properties of periodic structures at oblique incidence and developing wide angle EBG application

Metamaterials including Meta-surface are widely researched to enhance antenna applications. Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure and Frequency Selective surface (FSS) are one of the meta-surface. In order to enhance the antenna properties, the meta-surfaces are used near the antenna. In this situation, reflection characteristics at oblique incidence are important properties. On the other hand, the meta-surface are composed by periodic structures. In this paper, the reflection properties of meta-surface at oblique incidence case are researched by using ARMA/FDTD technique. Furthermore, we will indicate wide angle EM absorber which based on EMG.
Investigating the Potential Effect of Consanguinity on Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility in a Saudi Population

Objective: To examine mechanisms by which consanguinity might increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a Saudi population. Methodology: 362 adult male participants were recruited, 179 were T2D patients and 183 healthy siblings. T2D severity was assessed in patients by recording age at diagnosis. In healthy subjects, diabetes risk was studied by measuring the body mass index, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and waist circumference. Extended pedigrees were constructed to calculate inbreeding coefficients. To account for tribal relatedness degrees reported in the constructed pedigrees, assumed inbreeding coefficients for tribal relatedness were added to the calculated inbreeding coefficients. A total of 23 SNPs associated with a higher risk of T2D were genotyped. Results: A significant inverse association was detected between inbreeding coefficients and age at diagnosis (Spearman's coefficient: -0.186, p = 0.013). In 42 families, we were able to recruit 2 healthy siblings. Pearson's correlation coefficient of FBG between siblings was 0.317 (p = 0.04). The correlation between the siblings' FBG increased with an increasing degree of consanguinity. The effect of consanguinity on the FBG level was further assessed by regression line analysis and by controlling for differences in age, caloric intake, and level of physical activity (β: -0.118, p = 0.024). No significant association between the number of T2D risk alleles and the traits was found. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that consanguinity might increase the risk of T2D by an earlier onset of the disease and by strengthening possible genetic effects on FBG.
Does medical training affect personality?

Summary. We have compared results obtained for psychometric tests (Cattell's 16 PF and Eysenck's personality inventory) on a cohort of medical students who sat the tests in their second medical school year and repeated them in their sixth and final year. Most of the changes were in the direction expected of students maturing through the 19–24 year age period, but there were some significant differences from those obtained by other workers using the same tests on general student populations. Thus, in our study male students became ‘brighter’, more ‘emotionally stable’, less ‘timid’, more ‘tough‐minded’, and more ‘self‐controlled’, all of these to a significantly greater extent than expected with the general student population. Similar changes were observed from females, although except for an increase in emotional stability, these were not significantly different from the values expected in the general population.
Management of Global Risk Across the Continuum of Hypertensive Heart Disease

Identification and management of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are essential to help prevent CV disease and slow its progression. Long‐term epidemiologic data show that hypertension is associated with a two‐ to four‐fold increase in CV morbidity and mortality; moreover, antihypertensive therapy has been proven to significantly reduce the risk of CV events. Clinical trial data also suggest that different antihypertensive agents generally provide similar reductions in CV risks and outcomes. Beta blockers have historically played an integral role in hypertension treatment, particularly among patients at high CV risk; however, a recent meta‐analysis, based primarily on the use of atenolol, found that β blockers may provide less clinical benefit as initial therapy than other classes of antihypertensive agents. Beta blockers are heterogeneous, and atenolol data may not be representative of other β blockers. Newer β blockers, which provide both cardioselective β2‐adrenergic receptor blockade and endothelium‐dependent vasodilation, may prove to be more effective in reducing CV morbidity and mortality. Intensive strategies to control global CV risk have been shown to significantly reduce CV events. The challenge remains to develop effective risk assessment tools to identify at‐risk patients who often go undetected.
A Global Demand Analysis of Vegetable Oils for Food and Industrial Use: A Cross-Country Panel Data Analysis with Spatial Econometrics

This article analyzes global demand for major edible and non-edible vegetable oils using cross-country panel data from 1991 to 2011. A fixed effects model, accounting for spatial dependence of the residuals, is specified. Compared to food use, income elasticities are significantly higher for industrial use, suggesting that demand for non-edible vegetable oils is expected to increase with the rise of global wealth in the future. Income elasticities will be useful for simulation research of estimating how much agricultural land needs to be developed in the future in order to meet an expected increase in demand for biofuel feedstocks.