Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INLINE: Now you're coding with portals

Modern integrated development environments offer a diverse set of features to improve code comprehension. However, varying interaction mechanisms and visualizations, as well as the on-screen distance between source code and relevant information can slow down programmers. We present INLINE, a stand-alone source code editor providing a novel concept called code-portals to embed additional textual content inside its main source code view in a uniform and non-intrusive way. We have adapted common code comprehension features and evaluated our approach in a qualitative usability study. A screencast highlighting the features of INLINE is available at: http://www.uni-ulm.de/en/in/pm/research/projects/inline.html.
Knowledge-based library re-factoring for an open source project

Software miniaturization is a form of software re-factoring focused on reducing an application to its bare bones. Porting an application on a hand-held device is likely to require a preliminary step of software miniaturization, plus the development of device drivers dedicated to the new environment and hardware architecture. This paper presents the process and lessons learned in re-factoring a large open source application to remove any excess, introduce shared libraries, remove circular dependencies among libraries and, more generally, to minimize inter-library dependencies. While the final goal was to fully exploit shared library capabilities, among the various possibilities we defined a process based on existing knowledge about the application, and aimed to minimize the maintenance effort required by miniaturization activities.
Investigating the Relations Among Different Measures of False Memory

Researchers have used the term false memory to describe various memory errors, including the incorporation of erroneous information into a memory, misremembering a word presented as a picture, and the construction of a detailed memory of an event that did not occur. Whether such diverse manifestations of false memory are assessing the same construct has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study is to examine the relations among a set of variables that have been used in the literature to measure false memory. The sample consisted of 112 college students who completed four false memory measures, including the commonly used Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) and the misinformation tasks. Zero-order correlations indicated that there are little to no associations between false memories in the DRM and the misinformation tasks, as well as the other false memory tasks. A confirmatory factor analysis of the DRM and misinformation variables further suggested that the false memory variables share little variance in common and may not be represented by a unitary factor. Thus, the results of the current study suggest that tasks intended to measure false memory may be measuring different types of memory errors.
Exon‐primed, intron‐crossing (EPIC) loci for five nuclear genes in deep‐sea protobranch bivalves: primer design, PCR protocols and locus utility

We describe PCR primers and amplification protocols developed to obtain introns from conserved nuclear genes in deep‐sea protobranch bivalves. Because almost no sequence data for protobranchs are publically available, mollusk and other protostome sequences from GenBank were used to design degenerate primers, making these loci potentially useful in other invertebrate taxa. Amplification and sequencing success varied across the test group of 30 species, and we present five loci spanning this range of outcomes. Intron presence in the targeted regions also varied across genes and species, often within single genera; for instance, the calmodulin and β‐tubulin loci contained introns with high frequency, whereas the triose phosphate isomerase locus never contained an intron. In introns for which we were able to obtain preliminary estimates of polymorphism levels in single species, polymorphism was greater than traditional mitochondrial loci. These markers will greatly increase the ability to assess population structure in the ecologically important protobranchs, and may prove useful in other taxa as well.
How Muslim Women in The Netherlands Negotiate Discrimination During Leisure Activities

Qualitative research about discrimination encountered by Muslim women in The Netherlands who are participating in leisure activities in public spaces shows that perceived discrimination is part of everyday life. This is especially true for women who wear the veil because their visible head covering signals their “otherness” to people. The discriminatory actions encountered by women in this sample are typically of a nonviolent nature and mostly comprise unpleasant looks and negative remarks. Perceived discrimination often does not prevent the women from participating in leisure activities. Instead, they actively negotiate discrimination by applying various coping strategies, including justification, direct confrontation, accepting the discrimination, and modifying leisure behavior.
Dietitians and exercise professionals in a childhood obesity treatment team.

UNLABELLED There has been a remarkable increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity in most countries in recent years, which indicates that modern lifestyle is the triggering factor for genetic susceptibility. This report focuses on the two main environmental factors, nutrition and physical activity, that could influence paediatric obesity development, and how health professionals can address these aspects in the management of childhood obesity in a multidisciplinary treatment team. First, the role of a nutrition expert in the multidisciplinary obesity team is discussed and then the importance of physical activity in the treatment of paediatric obesity. The part on nutrition highlights some interesting areas in this field, namely glycaemic index, high-protein diet, fast foods, portion sizes and soft-drink consumption. Dietary treatment in childhood obesity should be combined with changes in physical activity to promote long-term weight loss. Research on the physical activity of children and adolescents indicates some significant changes over the last decades, which are also reviewed. Factors such as sports club participation and television viewing are discussed. The appropriate physical activity level and effective physical activity programmes are also presented. Physical activity can be promoted in childhood obesity treatment in many ways. Practical advice regarding physical activity programme and the role of exercise professionals in childhood obesity treatment team is given. CONCLUSION For successful obesity management, the child should be assessed and treated by a multidisciplinary team, including a physician, dietitian, exercise expert, nurse and behavioural therapist.
Induction of Telomerase Activity and Maintenance of Telomere Length in Virus-Specific Effector and Memory CD8+ T Cells1

Acute viral infections induce extensive proliferation and differentiation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. One mechanism reported to regulate the proliferative capacity of activated lymphocytes is mediated by the effect of telomerase in maintaining the length of telomeres in proliferating cells. We examined the regulation of telomerase activity and telomere length in naive CD8+ T cells and in virus-specific CD8+ T cells isolated from mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. These studies reveal that, compared with naive CD8+ T cells, which express little or no telomerase activity, Ag-specific effector and long-lived memory CD8+ T cells express high levels of telomerase activity. Despite the extensive clonal expansion that occurs during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, telomere length is maintained in both effector and memory CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that induction of telomerase activity in Ag-specific effector and memory CD8+ T cells is important for the extensive clonal expansion of both primary and secondary effector cells and for the maintenance and longevity of the memory CD8+ T cell population.
Corpus-Oriented Development of Japanese HPSG Parsers

This paper reports the corpus-oriented development of a wide-coverage Japanese HPSG parser. We first created an HPSG treebank from the EDR corpus by using heuristic conversion rules, and then extracted lexical entries from the treebank. The grammar developed using this method attained wide coverage that could hardly be obtained by conventional manual development. We also trained a statistical parser for the grammar on the treebank, and evaluated the parser in terms of the accuracy of semantic-role identification and dependency analysis.
Ectoenzymatic activity and bacterial dynamics along a trophic gradient in the Caribbean Sea

Bacterial biomass, potential bacterial production and ectoenzymatic activity were measured at 4 stations along a trophic gradient at the Atlantic Barrier Reef off Belize (Central America). We investigated the changes in the trophic status of this system, which we hypothesized would also lead to changes in the bacterial community. The bacterial community of the oligotrophic station was characterized by low biomass (mean 7.2 pg C 1-') and low potential production rates (mean 9.2 pg C l-Id') as determined by seawater cultures whereas at the most eutrophic station bacterial biomass (mean 18.6 pg C I ' ) as well as potential bacterial production (mean 15.5 pg C I-' d-l) was significantly higher. Oligotrophic bacteria exhibit high potential turnover rates (1.5 dl) . Ectoenzymatic activity measurements with fluorogenic-substrate analogs showed distinct differences in the expression of certain enzymes at different trophic conditions. aand P-D-glucosidase activity declined from eutrophic to oligotrophic in both per volume and per cell while leucine-aminopeptidase activity per cell was inversely correlated with the trophic status of the environment. Differences in ectoenzymatic activity are indicated by differences in both v,,,,, and K,. K,,, values of leucine-aminopeptidase clearly reflect the trophic situation. Substrate affinity was found to be higher in oligotrophic waters by 2 orders of magnitude as compared to eutrophic environments. Potential activity (v,,,,) of the extracellular enzymes tested was found to be correlated to potential bacterial production and bacterial biomass.
Strategic bidding by a risk-averse firm with a portfolio of renewable resources

The possibility of market power abuse in the systems with a high amount of flexible power sources (hydro units and energy storage) is believed to be very low. However, in practice strategic owners of these resources may limit the ramping rate whenever the price spikes occur. This is particularly relevant for the power systems with a high penetration of wind power, due to the high levels of uncertainty. In this paper we propose a bilevel game-theoretic model to investigate the effect of this type of strategic bidding. The lower-level is a security-constrained economic dispatch carried out by the system operator. The upper-level is a profit-maximization problem solved by a risk-averse company owning a varied portfolio of energy sources: energy storage, hydro power units, wind generators, as well as traditional generators. We represent the uncertainty affecting the decision making by introducing a set of wind power scenarios and variable competitors' price bids. The resulting mathematical problem with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is recast as a single-stage mixed-integer linear program (MILP) and solved with CPLEX. In the case study we demonstrate the effect of withholding the ramp-rate on the social welfare.
Design and preliminary study of the W-PRDR: a new congestion control scheme for wireless networks

This work presents the design and preliminary performance evaluation of a new congestion control mechanism for multimedia applications over wireless networks: the Wireless Proportional and Derivative Algorithm (W-PRDR). W-PRDR is based on the exchange of RTCP reports to feed the sources with the supported rate so that they can adapt their transmission rate according to the loss state and the allowed fair share bandwidth in the network. In order to fit to a wireless environment, we enhanced the original PRDR algorithm with a loss discrimination scheme to distinguish between congestion losses and random errors due to wireless transmission. We show through simulation the capacity of the W-PRDR mechanism to improve the transmission rate under different simulated network topologies.
The +4G Site in Kozak Consensus Is Not Related to the Efficiency of Translation Initiation

The optimal context for translation initiation in mammalian species is GCCRCCaugG (where R = purine and “aug” is the initiation codon), with the -3R and +4G being particularly important. The presence of +4G has been interpreted as necessary for efficient translation initiation. Accumulated experimental and bioinformatic evidence has suggested an alternative explanation based on amino acid constraint on the second codon, i.e., amino acid Ala or Gly are needed as the second amino acid in the nascent peptide for the cleavage of the initiator Met, and the consequent overuse of Ala and Gly codons (GCN and GGN) leads to the +4G consensus. I performed a critical test of these alternative hypotheses on +4G based on 34169 human protein-coding genes and published gene expression data. The result shows that the prevalence of +4G is not related to translation initiation. Among the five G-starting codons, only alanine codons (GCN), and glycine codons (GGN) to a much smaller extent, are overrepresented at the second codon, whereas the other three codons are not overrepresented. While highly expressed genes have more +4G than lowly expressed genes, the difference is caused by GCN and GGN codons at the second codon. These results are inconsistent with +4G being needed for efficient translation initiation, but consistent with the proposal of amino acid constraint hypothesis.
COUNSELING NEEDS: THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL CORRELATES AMONG TECHNICAL AND NON TECHNICAL EMPLOYEES

Understanding various kinds of problems in work situations would help the organizations to provide better counseling services, and create healthy environment for improving the performance. The counseling needs are perceived due to various kinds of problems exist in work situation. The present study examines the nature of counseling needs present among 286 technical and 144 non-technical employees working in different organizations, and find out the influence of personal correlates (age and experience) on these counseling needs. The counseling needs are categorized into work, personal, group, health, and economic and psychological types. The results indicate a significant amount of work needs observed among the technical, and whereas family needs are found in non-technical employees. The implications of the findings for minimizing the counseling needs in different aged, and experienced groups of technical and non-technical employees are suggested.
3D Image Reconstruction Using X-Rays for CT Scan

Computer tomography has become a major area in biomedical imaging system to reconstruct 3D image. Several exact CT reconstruction algorithms, such as the generalized filtered-back projection (FBP) and back projection-filtration (BPF) methods and cone beam reconstruction algorithm have been developed to solve the long object problem. Although the well-known 3D Shepp-Logan phantom (SLP) is often used to validate these algorithms, it is deficient due to the discontinuity of the SLP. The need for a practical method of reconstruction (i.e. performing the inverse radon transform) gave rise to the back projection technique (FBP). There are two method of filter back projection the first method back projection the measurements at each projection are projected or `smeared' back along the same line. The other method is filtered back projection is still the standard technique in commercial scanners used to correct the blurring encountered in back projection method. A basic problem in imaging with X-rays (or other penetrating radiation) is that a two-dimensional image is obtained of a three-dimensional object. This means that structures can overlap in the final image, even though they are completely separate in the object. This is particularly troublesome in medical diagnosis where there are many anatomic structures that can interfere with what the physician is trying to see. Thus filter back projection algorithm is the easiest way to reconstruct the image. In this paper first we present FBP algorithm and then weighting scheme used in the case of helical/spiral cone-beam scanning.3 dimensional conversions of the Shepp and Logan phantom are used to test the cone beam reconstruction algorithm.
Effect of advanced glycation end-products on gene expression and synthesis of TNF-alpha and endothelial nitric oxide synthase by endothelial cells.

BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which are formed in aging, diabetes mellitus, and kidney failure are implicated in the occurrence of vascular complications. We, thus, evaluated in cultured endothelial cells, the AGEs' effect on gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA and protein expression, which may be involved in vascular remodeling. METHODS Human umbilical vein cords endothelial cells (HUVEC) were stimulated with AGE-specific compounds [AGE-human serum albumin (AGE-HSA), N(epsilon)-carboxymethylysine (CML), AGE-beta2 microglobulin (AGE-beta2m)], and thereafter, incubated with interleukin1-alpha, lipopolysaccharide, and interferon-gamma. RESULTS mRNA expression and secretion of TNF-alpha were significantly enhanced after incubation with AGE-HSA, CML, and AGE-beta2m compared to that found in HUVEC incubated with HSA or beta2m. AGE-HSA, CML, and AGE-beta2m induced a significant decrease in eNOS protein and mRNA expression. CONCLUSION AGEs promote mRNA expression and secretion of TNF-alpha and reduce eNOS mRNA and protein expression in HUVEC. Such changes may play a role in the vascular dysfunction and the development of vasculopathy seen in diabetes, uremia, and old age.
Secure mobile services by face and speech based personal authentication

With the popularity of mobile devices, people are now able to access mobile services like website surfing, e-banking, e-shopping and voice-mail etc. anywhere anytime. Most of the services require secure biometric based personal authentication. This paper aims to improve the accuracy of personal authentication in mobile environment by integrating multiple modal biometrics, i.e. face and speech. A specially designed Mobile Biometry (MOBIO) database was used to test the performances. While facial biometrics achieved an average EER of 27.3%, speech biometrics achieved an average EER of 33.4%. The multiple modals biometric system reduces the average error rate to 21.0%, which clearly proves the usefulness of fusing face and speech information.
Chizuru Nishida and Cotonou , Benin , in West Africa Pilot project of the Nutrition-Friendly School Initiative ( NFSI ) in Ouagadougou , Burkina Faso

This paper describes the first African experience with the Nutrition-Friendly School Initiative (NFSI) in two large West African cities: Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Cotonou, Benin. NFSI was launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) and its partners in 2006, as a means of preventing the double burden of malnutrition: the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition among school-children. NFSI pilot-testing is one component of the Partnership Project on the Double Burden of Malnutrition, funded by the Canadian International Development Agency for 6 years (2008–2014). The Project assisted the government in the selection of pilot schools, fostered the installation of health and nutrition committees in selected schools, and helped with the initial school self-assessments. In accordance with the empowering philosophy of health promotion, pilot schools did not follow a pre-defined schedule of interventions, except for the training of teachers in nutrition education and the nutritional (anthropometric) surveillance of schoolchildren. For the latter activities, technical assistance and seminal funds were provided. Yearly planning workshops were held for school committees, with WHO support. In both settings, training was given to street vendors in order to improve the hygiene and nutritional value of food sold to schoolchildren. Other activities included special nutrition events and sanitation measures. In both cities, NFSI showed promising results in terms of school and community mobilization towards improved nutrition and health; however, NFSI must be better understood as an endogenous and self-sustaining approach. Furthermore, household poverty and scarce school resources appear as major barriers to gaining full impact of NFSI in low-income populations. (Global Health Promotion, 2013; 20(1): 39–49)
Extraversion et richesse lexicale dans deux styles d'interlangue française

Dans cet article nous cherchons dans quelle mesure certains traits de la personnalite (en l'occurrence le degre d'extraversion) permettent d'expliquer des phenomenes de variation synchronique interindividuelle dans deux styles d'interlangue de nos 21 locuteurs neerlandophones parlant francais. Nous avons constate que dans un contexte formel le discours oral des locuteurs introvertis est plus riche que celui des locuteurs extravertis.