Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International trends in arthroscopic hip preservation surgery—are we treating the same patient?

The goal of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the entire arthroscopic hip preservation literature to answer the question, ‘Across the world, are we treating the same patient? ’ There are significant differences in arthroscopic hip preservation publications, subjects and techniques based on both continent and country published. A systematic review was registered with PROSPERO and performed with PRISMA guidelines using three publicly available databases. Therapeutic clinical outcome investigations reporting arthroscopic hip preservation were eligible for inclusion. All study, subject and surgical technique demographics were analyzed and compared between continents and countries. Statistics were calculated using Student's t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, chi-squared and two-proportion Z-tests. There were 134 studies included in the analysis (10 752 subjects; 11 007 hips; 51% female; mean 37.6 years of age; mean 27.2 months length of follow-up), which had a low Modified Coleman Methodology Score (mean 32.4; poor). North America published the largest number of studies (58%) and the most subjects (55%) and hips (56%). Australia (22%) and Europe (18%) operated on subjects with some amount of osteoarthritis most commonly. North America (2.7%) and Europe (2.0%) operated on subjects with dysplasia or borderline dysplasia most commonly. The Modified Harris Hip Score was the most frequently utilized outcome score (24% of studies). The quantity and quality of arthroscopic hip preservation literature is significantly increasing with time. Several significant differences in study, subject and surgical technique demographics between continents and countries were identified. Deficiencies in use of clinical outcome scores and definitions of treated pathologies preclude complete subject comparisons and serve as an impetus for future study quality improvements.
UNDERSTANDING SCOPE CONDITIONS AND EVIDENCE FOR EMOTIONAL CONTAGION IN INTERPERSONAL INTERACTIONS: A REPLY TO VAN ORDEN AND JOINER (2006)

Abstract Van Orden and Joiner's (2006) article proposes two reasons for the nonsignificant emotional contagion effects documented in the Segrin (2004) investigation and three potential moderators of the emotional contagion effect. In this reply, I provide some additional data and analyses from the Segrin (2004) study to address and elaborate on their proposed explanations and moderators. In addition, I offer an evaluation of the potential utility as well as theoretical challenges associated with specifying reassurance seeking, relationship closeness, and depressive symptoms versus mood as potential moderators of the emotional contagion effect.
College students' perceptions of campus sustainability

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to ascertain whether or not there are differences between college students in Alabama and Hawaii based on three questions: are students concerned about the present/future? What do students know about sustainability? Who is responsible for sustainability? Design/methodology/approach – Two approaches were used to address these questions. First, a summary of sustainability efforts at universities in Alabama and Hawaii is provided. Second, a random sample of 406 undergraduate students at two universities in Alabama (n=258) and at a community college in Hawaii (n=148) were surveyed.Findings – The data indicate that sustainable programs and practices are being implemented on a number of college campuses in Alabama and in Hawaii. Students surveyed in both states are concerned about wasteful consumption and pollution. Respondents' were similar in their self‐assessed knowledge about sustainability. Respondents were also similar in their views about who is responsible for susta.
Nepetalactones from essential oil of Nepeta cataria represent a stable fly feeding and oviposition repellent

The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), is one of the most serious pests to livestock. It feeds mainly on cattle and causes significant economic losses in the cattle industry. Standard stable fly control involving insecticides and sanitation is usually costly and often has limited effectiveness. As we continue to evaluate and develop safer fly control strategies, the present study reports on the effectiveness of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) oil and its constituent compounds, nepetalactones, as stable fly repellents. The essential oil of catnip reduced the feeding of stable flies by >96% in an in vitro bioassay system, compared with other sesquiterpene‐rich plant oils (e.g. amyris and sandalwood). Catnip oil demonstrated strong repellency against stable flies relative to other chemicals for repelling biting insects, including isolongifolenone, 2‐methylpiperidinyl‐3‐cyclohexen‐1‐carboxamide and (1S,2′S)‐2‐methylpiperidinyl‐3‐cyclohexen‐1‐carboxamide. The repellency against stable flies of the most commonly used mosquito repellent, DEET, was relatively low. In field trials, two formulations of catnip oil provided >95% protection and were effective for up to 6 h when tested on cattle. Catnip oil also acted as a strong oviposition repellent and reduced gravid stable fly oviposition by 98%.
Choosing a University: A conjoint analysis of the impact of higher fees on students applying for university in 2012

In the light of the forthcoming policy shift to full-cost fees for English undergraduates, this study examines the impact of fee changes on how students weigh up their university choices. Conjoint analysis is used to examine the importance that students attach to various attributes of a university. It also explores differences across subsections of the student population in terms of patterns of utility. A key finding is that students from families where there is no history of attending university will experience more disutility from the higher fees. Other patterns in utility are identified including differences between social classes and between genders. The implications for “inclusiveness” in higher education are discussed.
Multi-hop Cooperative XIXO Transmission Scheme for Delay Tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks

Delay TolerantWireless Sensor Networks (DT-WSN) are sensor networks sparsely populated where connectivity between sensor nodes is intermittent. The energy consumption is critical to the performance of these networks, since nodes have to carry data for a long period of time due to opportunistic transmissions. This work presents a multi-hop cooperative multiple/ single input multiple/single output (C-XIXO) transmission scheme for DT-WSN in order to achieve longer communication ranges and consequently reduce the message delivery time to the sink, maximizing the energy efficiency. Simulations results suggest that the proposed scheme provides higher message propagation speed and reduced energy consumption compared to a state-of-the-art scheme for DT-WSN.
Spine Posture and Discomfort During Prolonged Simulated Driving With Self-Selected Lumbar Support Prominence

Objective: We examined magnitude preference, subjective discomfort, and spine posture during prolonged simulated driving with a self-selected amount of lumbar support. Background: The general use of lumbar supports has been associated with decreased reports of low-back pain during driving exposures; however, minimal data exist regarding occupant magnitude preference. Method: Participants chose between five discrete levels of lumbar support (0–4 cm). Time-varying postural and discomfort responses were then monitored throughout 2 hr of simulated driving. Results: There were no significant effects of gender or time on posture. Women preferred larger amounts of support than men (3.25 cm ± 0.71 and 2.56 cm ± 0.88, respectively, p = .048). All participants exhibited significant increases (p = .003) in pelvic discomfort throughout the 2-hr trial regardless of the level of support chosen. Discomfort related to various aspects of the lumbar support increased significantly over time. Retrospectively, no participants desired a setting beyond 4 cm, and the majority of respondents indicate had they been able to change their initial selection, they would choose a setting between 2 and 3 cm. Conclusion: The results suggest that occupants would prefer increasing the excursion capability of automobile lumbar supports beyond 2 cm. Application: Excursion capability and adjustability of automobile lumbar supports are important features to better meet end-user preference and to reducing lumbar flexion in sitting.
Anti-tubulin monoclonal antibodies that bind to specific neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans

We have identified 2 anti-tubulin monoclonal antibodies that bind to 2 different subpopulations of identified neurons in the simple nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The antibodies also recognize specific tubulin isotypes from C. elegans that were separated by isoelectric focusing. Antibody 6–1 1B-1 intensely stained the mechano-sensory neurons ALML, ALMR, PLML, PLMR, PVM, and AVM, plus neuron PVR by indirect immunofluorescence, and it bound to 1 of 2 major alpha-tubulin isotypes separated by iso-electric focusing. The epitope for antibody (Ab) 6–1 1B-1 is acetylated alpha-tubulin (Piperno and Fuller, 1985). Antibody 2–28–33 stained a set of neurons that contain the neurotransmitter GABA. It bound to the 2 major and 1 of the minor beta-tubulin isotypes of C. elegans. These results suggest that specific alpha- and beta-tubulin isotypes are greatly enriched in the subsets of neurons recognized by these antibodies. Most (possibly all) of the neurons in each subset are functionally related. The antibodies should allow us to examine whether specific tubulin isotypes have specific functions in these neurons. They may also be useful for examining neuron morphologies in mutants of C. elegans which affect nerve development.
Feline coronavirus in the intestinal contents of cats with feline infectious peritonitis

THE question of whether or not cats with clinical feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) excrete the causative agent, feline coronavirus (FCoV), is important to the practising veterinary surgeon for two reasons. First, they have to know whether a cat with FIP in their surgery poses a hazard to other cats. Secondly, they may have to advise owners of a cat with FIP whether it is safe to obtain another cat while the affected cat is still alive (bearing in mind that cats with dry or non-effusive FIP can live for many weeks or months). In experimental infections, cats with FTP have been shown not to shed FCoV by the time they are clinically ill (Stoddart and others 1988). However, in this communication, the authors show that FCoV can be detected in the faeces and intestinal contents of cats which are naturally infected and suffering from FIP. The most intractable obstacle to the complete understanding of the epidemiology of FlP has been the near impossibility of detecting FCoV in infected cats. Most attempts to isolate the virus in cell culture from cases of FIP, or from cats suspected of carrying the virus, have failed and only about 20 isolates have been made worldwide since the virus was identified over 30 years ago. The recent development of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect FCoV RNA, presumably representing whole virus, in faeces and body fluids of cats (Herrewegh and oth-
Bahnregelung servopneumatischer Antriebe – ein Vergleich von linearen und nichtlinearen Reglern (Continuous Path Control of Servo Pneumatic Drives – a Comparison of Linear and Non Linear Controllers)

Für den Entwurf einer Bahnregelung für servopneumatische Antriebe werden zwei Verfahren untersucht: Nichtlineare Regler, die nach der Methode der exakten Linearisierung ausgelegt werden sowie der Reglerentwurf durch Linearisierung um eine Referenztrajektorie. Mit dem nichtlinearen Regler werden bei geringerem Realisierungsaufwand die besseren Ergebnisse erzielt. For the design of a continuous path control of servopneumatic drives two design methods are investigated: Non linear controllers based on exact linearization techniques and a linear controller based on linearization along a reference trajectory. With the nonlinear controller better results can be achieved with less realisation effort.
The late endosomal adaptor p14 is a macrophage host-defense factor against Salmonella infection

The outcome of an infection depends on the balance between host resistance and bacterial virulence. Here, we show that the late endosomal adaptor p14 (also known as LAMTOR2) is one of the components for cellular host defense against the intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. During Salmonella infection, the complex of p14 and MP1 is required for the accurately timed transport of Salmonella through the endolysosomal system. Loss of p14 opens a time window that allows Salmonella to populate a replication niche, in which early and late antimicrobial effector systems, comprising NADPH phagocytic oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, respectively, are inappropriately activated. Thus, p14 supports the accurate transport of Salmonella through the endolysosomal system, thereby limiting bacterial replication in both, professional phagocytes and in non-phagocytic cells in vitro, and helps mice to successfully battle Salmonella infection in vivo.
The Effect of a Teacher Report on the Sustainability of an Intervention to Facilitate Engagement by a Child with Developmental Delays

This case study reports the effect of teachers completing and posting an Engagement Report on maintaining their use of a behavioral intervention designed to facilitate the engagement of a pre-school child with developmental delays. The Engagement Report recorded instances of child engagement during the day. Teachers posted the Report where the parent could read it when picking up her child. After establishing a baseline estimate of the efficacy of the Engagement Report (Condition B), a withdrawal-reversal phase (Condition A) was implemented under naturalistic conditions designed to simulate the absence of the researcher from the setting. Results indicated that teacher’s use of the behavioral intervention to facilitate child engagement was higher during the Report condition (B) compared to the No Report condition (A). The facilitation intervention plus the Engagement Report was turned over to the teachers upon completion of the experiment. Unobtrusive observation confirmed sustained use of both components after departure of the researcher at follow up. The results suggest two strategies that may help bridge the gap between research and practice. First, involving consumers such as the parent may contribute to the sustainability of behavioral interventions. Second, simulating naturalistic conditions may permit the experimental analysis of variables that may contribute to sustainability of behavioral interventions.
Azithromycin-Induced Proarrhythmia and Cardiovascular Death

Objective: To review the possible association between azithromycin and increased cardiovascular risk. Data sources: A literature search of MEDLINE (1946-August 2013) was performed using the search terms macrolide, azithromycin, QT prolongation, cardiovascular, and torsade de pointes. Additional references were identified from a review of literature citations. Study selection and data extraction: All English-language observational studies assessing the association between azithromycin and QT prolongation or cardiovascular risk were evaluated. Case reports describing this potential association were also reviewed. Data synthesis: A total of 6 case reports have shown a possible association between azithromycin and QT prolongation. In 3 of these cases, proarrhythmic events were reported. In a prospective observational study of 47 individuals with low cardiovascular risk, electrocardiograms were compared before and after 5 days of azithromycin treatment. Mild prolongation of the QTc was noted, but it was statistically insignificant compared with baseline. No arrhythmias were observed. A large observational cohort study found a small increase in cardiovascular deaths after azithromycin therapy, primarily among patients with high baseline cardiovascular risk. Conversely, a second cohort study involving a population of young to middle-aged adults failed to find an association. Conclusions: An emerging body of evidence suggests that azithromycin therapy may prolong the QT interval and, in rare cases, precipitate the potentially fatal arrhythmia torsade de pointes. Patients with additional risk factors for QT prolongation appear to be at highest risk, including women, elderly individuals; those with existing or prior history of cardiovascular disease, QT interval prolongation, hypokalemia, hypomagnesium, or bradycardia; and those using concomitant drugs associated with QT prolongation. For patients without these additional risk factors, azithromycin appears to be relatively safe.
Future De Novo Drug Design

The computer‐assisted generation of new chemical entities (NCEs) has matured into solid technology supporting early drug discovery. Both ligand‐ and receptor‐based methods are increasingly used for designing small lead‐ and druglike molecules with anticipated multi‐target activities. Advanced “polypharmacology” prediction tools are essential pillars of these endeavors. In addition, it has been realized that iterative design‐synthesis‐test cycles facilitate the rapid identification of NCEs with the desired activity profile. Lab‐on‐a‐chip platforms integrating synthesis, analytics and bioactivity determination and controlled by adaptive, chemistry‐driven de novo design software will play an important role for future drug discovery.
The ‘Texture’ Of Organizing

The article briefly introduces the concept of ‘texture’ and indicates its role in the organizing process. The history of texture and related ideas in the field of organizational studies is summarized. Texture itself is viewed analogically as a weave or web of interacting elements that resists operational definition. It is a tacit quality of the field of social action that, by definition, must remain beyond the grasp of explicit statement. Some implications of the ‘logic’ of texture are discussed briefly in relation to the understanding of ‘instrumental action’ in organizations as well as rethinking the ‘organization‐environment’ problem in terms of ‘contextures’.
Fast Constrained Submodular Maximization: Personalized Data Summarization

Can we summarize multi-category data based on user preferences in a scalable manner? Many utility functions used for data summarization satisfy submodularity, a natural diminishing returns property. We cast personalized data summarization as an instance of a general submodular maximization problem subject to multiple constraints. We develop the first practical and FAst coNsTrained submOdular Maximization algorithm, FANTOM, with strong theoretical guarantees. FANTOM maximizes a submodular function (not necessarily monotone) subject to the intersection of a p-system and l knapsacks constrains. It achieves a (1+e)(p+1)(2p+2l+1)/p approximation guarantee with only O(nrp log(n)/e) query complexity (n and r indicate the size of the ground set and the size of the largest feasible solution, respectively). We then show how we can use FANTOM for personalized data summarization. In particular, a p-system can model different aspects of data, such as categories or time stamps, from which the users choose. In addition, knapsacks encode users' constraints including budget or time. In our set of experiments, we consider several concrete applications: movie recommendation over 11K movies, personalized image summarization with 10K images, and revenue maximization on the YouTube social networks with 5000 communities. We observe that FANTOM constantly provides the highest utility against all the baselines.
Admission control and routing: theory and practice

Emerging high speed Broadband Integrated Services Digital Networks (B-ISDN) will carry traffic for services such as video-on-demand and video teleconferencing, which require resource reservation along the path on which the traffic is sent. As a result, such networks will need effective admission control algorithms. The simplest approach is to use greedy admission control; in other words, accept every resource request that can be physically accommodated. However, non-greedy admission control can lead to better network performance in many situations. This thesis develops several non-greedy algorithms that out-perform greedy admission control algorithms. Some of the algorithms are evaluated using simulations while others are evaluated using the theory of competitive analysis. The thesis considers both unicast communication (connections with two end-points) and multicast communication (connection with more than two end-points). The results of the thesis have already had a direct influence on the algorithms used in several commercial networks.
Causality reasoning about network events for detecting stealthy malware activities 1

Malicious software activities have become more and more clandestine, making them challenging to detect. Existing security solutions rely heavily on the recognition of known code or behavior signatures, which are incapable of detecting new malware patterns. We propose to discover the triggering relations on network requests and leverage the structural information to identify stealthy malware activities that cannot be attributed to a legitimate cause. The triggering relation is defined as the temporal and causal relationship between two events.We design and compare ruleand learning-based methods to infer the triggering relations on network data.We further introduce a user-intention based security policy for pinpointing stealthy malware activities based on a triggering relation graph. We extensively evaluate our solution on a DARPA dataset and 7 GB real-world network traffic. Results indicate that our dependence analysis successfully detects various malware activities including spyware,data exfiltrating malware, and DNS bots on hosts. With good scalability for large datasets, the learning-based method achieves better classification accuracy than the rule-based one. The significance of our traffic reasoning approach is its ability to detect new and stealthy malware activities. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Biochemical and Localization Analyses of Putative Type III Secretion Translocator Proteins CopB and CopB2 of Chlamydia trachomatis Reveal Significant Distinctions

ABSTRACT Chlamydia spp. are among the many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria that employ a type III secretion system (T3SS) to overcome host defenses and exploit available resources. Significant progress has been made in elucidating contributions of T3S to the pathogenesis of these medically important, obligate intracellular parasites, yet important questions remain. Chief among these is how secreted effector proteins traverse eukaryotic membranes to gain access to the host cytosol. Due to a complex developmental cycle, it is possible that chlamydiae utilize a different complement of proteins to accomplish translocation at different stages of development. We investigated this possibility by extending the characterization of C. trachomatis CopB and CopB2. CopB is detected early during infection but is depleted and not detected again until about 20 h postinfection. In contrast, CopB2 was detectible throughout development. CopB is associated with the inclusion membrane. Biochemical and ectopic expression analyses were consistent with peripheral association of CopB2 with inclusion membranes. This interaction correlated with development and required both chlamydial de novo protein synthesis and T3SS activity. Collectively, our data indicate that it is unlikely that CopB serves as the sole chlamydial translocation pore and that CopB2 is capable of association with the inclusion membrane.