Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis using Aspect Level Classification

The natural language text is analyzed by using sentiment analysis and classified into positive, negative or neutral based on the human emotions, sentiments, opinions expressed in the text. The user reviews and comments on movies on the web are increasing day by day. And to make a decision in movie planning, these reviews are useful for other users. To perform manual analysis of a huge number of reviews is practically not possible. Hence, to solve such problem we require an automated approach of a machine that mines the overall sentiment or opinion polarity from the reviews. This paper analyses the movie reviews using sentiment analysis and text mining techniques. In this technique, Sentiment scores are assigned to the aspects with respect to the words used. Sentiment analysis is performed at three different levels. These are documented level, sentence level, and aspect level. Most of the previous work is done in the document or sentence-level sentiment analysis. We focus on the aspect level opinion mining of movie reviews. From a given set of reviews of a movie, we get a sentiment profile. By using SentiWordNet different approaches are proposed for sentiment analysis. It contains two-word phrases and linguistic rules together for opinion mining. The Send score algorithm is devised to perform this function. For attempting to mine and understand the user's feedback data, we perform an aspect level sentiment extraction. To predict the polarity of the reviews, a priority-based algorithm forms the rule base for the classifier. First, we perform a cleanup on the review data, then Send score algorithm is utilized to generate the aspect document matrix.
Interactive effects of nrf2 genotype and oltipraz on benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts and tumor yield in mice.

The cancer chemopreventive actions of oltipraz (4-methyl-5-[2-pyrazinyl]-1,2-dithiole-3-thione) have been primarily associated with the induction of phase 2 detoxifying enzymes through transcriptional activation of the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter regions of these genes. The transcription factor Nrf2 has been shown to bind to and activate AREs. Previously, we demonstrated that nrf2-deficient mice had low basal expression of phase 2 enzymes and were substantially more susceptible to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced neoplasia of the forestomach than wild-type. Moreover, loss of Nrf2 abrogated the chemopreventive action of oltipraz, when administered 48 h before B[a]P, an interval allowing maximal induction of many phase 2 enzymes. Oltipraz also inhibits some cytochrome P450s involved in the bioactivation of B[a]P. In the present study we observed that oltipraz had no protective effect on tumor burden in the forestomach of nrf2-deficient mice when administered 1 h before B[a]P, a timeline that selectively optimizes for possible inhibitory effects on cytochrome P450s. To evaluate the role of nrf2 genotype on B[a]P disposition, levels of B[a]P-DNA adducts were measured as tetrols released from DNA isolated from target (forestomach) and non-target tissues (liver) of wild-type and nrf2-deficient mice treated with either vehicle or oltipraz 1 or 48 h before B[a]P. Levels of B[a]P-DNA adducts in forestomach were significantly higher in nrf2-deficient compared with wild-type mice. Oltipraz treatment at 1 or 48 h before B[a]P had no protective effect on forestomach tetrol levels in nrf2-deficient mice, whereas a significant reduction was observed in wild-type mice treated with oltipraz 48 h, but not 1 h, before carcinogen. Combining all treatments and genotypes, there was a strong correlation (R(2) = 0.91) between levels of B[a]P-DNA adducts in forestomach and subsequent yield of tumors. In contrast to the results in forestomach, nrf2 genotype did not modify hepatic B[a]P-DNA adduct levels while both oltipraz treatments were protective, suggesting that Nrf2-independent mechanisms (e.g. P450 inhibition) for oltipraz can also occur in vivo in some tissues.
Interacting with visuals in L2 listening tests: An eye-tracking study

Visual information plays an important role in second language (L2) listening comprehension (Anderson & Lynch, 1988; Field, 2008; Rost, 2011), yet visuals have seen limited use in the assessment of L2 listening. The limited use of visuals in listening tests can be partially attributed to the lack of solid empirical evidence about how visuals are viewed during such tests and what impact they have on test performance. In particular, existing research has produced mixed results regarding the effect of visual information on media-­‐enhanced L2 listening test performance of language learners, whereas their viewing behavior during such assessment has not been explored in detail (Ockey, 2007; Wagner, 2007, 2010a). To address this gap, the present study employed eye-­‐tracking technology to investigate the extent to which L2 learners view context and content videos during a Video-­‐based L2 Academic Listening Test (VALT), learners’ self-­‐reported perceptions and use of the two video types, and the effect of these visuals on their test performance. This mixed-­‐methods study was based on Creswell and Plano Clark’s (2007) data transformation model of the triangulation design and addressed five research questions that investigated (a) the appropriateness of statistical properties of test scores for norm-­‐referenced decisions, (b) differences between scores on the subtests associated with different video types and between scores on the video and audio-­‐only versions of the test, (c) learners’ viewing patterns with regard to context and content videos, (d) learners’ use of visual information when watching the two video types, and (e) learners’ use of visual information when answering individual
Unbiased Monte Carlo Methods for Lookback options in Jump-diffusion models

In this paper, we present an unbiased Monte Carlo estimator for lookback options in jumpdiffusion models. Lookback options are difficult to price in jump-diffusion models, as their pay-off depends on the maximum of the share price over a particular time interval. In general, closed form solutions for prices of lookback options are not available but even simulating the pay-off of such an option is difficult. We show that after conditioning on jump times, the values of the share price just before and after the jumps and at maturity, we recover a finite number of Brownian bridges. The law of the maximum of a Brownian Bridge is well-known and we show in this paper that it can be simulated from. This realization allows us to derive an unbiased Monte Carlo estimator for lookback options in jump-diffusion models.
Handling churn in structured peer-to-peer networks

An common difficulty in structured P2P networks is caused by the dynamic membership of nodes (churn). This results in constant reorganization of overlay topology. The objective of this paper is to handle churn in P2P networks by a flexible cluster-based protocol. In our protocol, a cluster of nodes work together to achieve efficient greedy routing and the size of each cluster varies between an upper bound and a lower bound. We show our protocol achieves a desirable level of stability to absorb the impact of membership change, and improves the rate at which nodes join and leave the overlay network.
Image inpainting based on hidden Markov random field

In order to solve the problem of mismatching and structure disconnecting for exemplar-based image inpainting, we study the problem from the exemplar of known and unknown patches two part of the neighborhood, the introduction of the corresponding information consistency criteria from the matching patch and the unknown region to be repaired patch. Take full account of the degree of similarity to be repaired patches unknown information about the neighborhood and the matching patch. established hidden Markov random field image inpainting model, Be repaired area of the neighborhood be regarded as hidden random field, matching patches are determined by similarity and consistency, Effective solution to the mismatch of the exemplar inpainting method and structure of discontinuous problems, Experimental results show that our method is effective and practicable.
Scale-Space Feature Detection for Close Range Camera Calibration

Imaging systems for computer vision play an important role in today's world, with applications ranging from automated assembly and tolerance analysis, to spacecraft guidance and control. The accuracy of many of these systems relies heavily upon calibration of the vision system, and although many algorithms and techniques exist for camera calibration, most are designed for large-scene applications where multiple objects may be imaged and considered in focus simultaneously. Close-range camera systems, on the other hand, typically have a relatively narrow depth of field in which an object appears focussed. World features outside this depth of field are blurred, and so a method is desired to reliably extract information from the close-range scene even when satisfactory focus is not achieved throughout an entire image. This paper presents initial results from implementation of a discrete scale-space edge detection method, applied to feature extraction from a calibration target.
Imatinib Mesylate Resistance Through BCR-ABL Independence in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Imatinib mesylate (IM) binds to the BCR-ABL protein, inhibiting its kinase activity and effectively controlling diseases driven by this kinase. IM resistance has been associated with kinase mutations or increased BCR-ABL expression. However, disease progression may be mediated by other mechanisms that render tumor cells independent of BCR-ABL. To demonstrate this potential, IM-resistant cells were found in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients with continuous BCR-ABL gene expression but undetectable BCR-ABL protein expression. These cells were unresponsive to IM and acquired BCR-ABL-independent signaling characteristics. IM resistance in some patients may be mediated through loss of kinase target dependence.
LLAMA: automatic hypertext generation utilizing language models

Manual hypertext construction is labour intensive and prone to error. Robust systems capable of automatic hypertext generation (AHG) could be of direct benefit to those individuals responsible for hypertext authoring. In this paper we propose a novel technique for the autonomous creation of hypertext which is dependent upon language models. This work is strongly influenced by those algorithms which process the hyperlinked structure of a corpus in an attempt to find authoritative sources. The algorithm was evaluated by experimental comparison with human hypertext authors, and we found that both approaches produced broadly similar results.
The Association of Depression and Anxiety with Pain: A Study from NESDA

Chronic pain is commonly co-morbid with a depressive or anxiety disorder. Objective of this study is to examine the influence of depression, along with anxiety, on pain-related disability, pain intensity, and pain location in a large sample of adults with and without a depressive and/or anxiety disorder. The study population consisted of 2981 participants with a depressive, anxiety, co-morbid depressive and anxiety disorder, remitted disorder or no current disorder (controls). Severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms was also assessed. In separate multinomial regression analyses, the association of presence of depressive or anxiety disorders and symptom severity with the Chronic Pain Grade and location of pain was explored. Presence of a depressive (OR = 6.67; P<.001), anxiety (OR = 4.84; P<.001), or co-morbid depressive and anxiety disorder (OR = 30.26; P<.001) was associated with the Chronic Pain Grade. Moreover, symptom severity was associated with more disabling and severely limiting pain. Also, a remitted depressive or anxiety disorder showed more disabling and severely limiting pain (OR = 3.53; P<.001) as compared to controls. A current anxiety disorder (OR = 2.96; p<.001) and a co-morbid depressive and anxiety disorder (OR = 5.15; P<.001) were more strongly associated with cardio-respiratory pain, than gastro-intestinal or musculoskeletal pain. These findings remain after adjustment for chronic cardio respiratory illness. Patients with a current and remitted depressive and/or anxiety disorder and those with more severe symptoms have more disabling pain and pain of cardio-respiratory nature, than persons without a depressive or anxiety disorder. This warrants further research.
A scheme based on mobility for on-demand route protocol in ad hoc networks

Broadcasting, which usually incurs serious problems by flooding, is a common operation in MANET (mobile Ad hoc networks), especially in on-demand route protocol. In order to relieve such limitations, in this paper, we propose an improvement over the former blind flooding approach by using a scheme based on the mobility of nodes (MON). In MON scheme, we categorize mobile hosts into active nodes and inactive nodes according to their relative high or low mobility. Inactive nodes forward packets for other nodes while active nodes do not. In simulation, we approve the advantages of our approach in most cases by comparing it with AODV in terms of several metrics. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of MON are concretely analyzed in theory.
An implantable electrical stimulator used for peripheral nerve rehabilitation in rats

This study evaluated an implantable electrical stimulator using a sciatic nerve injury animal model, and ethological, electrophysiological and histological assessments. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the study, and were subjected to crushing of the right sciatic nerve with a micro-vessel clamp. Electrical stimulators were implanted in twenty of the rats (the implantation group), while the remaining twenty rats were assigned to the control group. At three and six weeks following the surgery, the sciatic nerve function index (SFI) and the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) were demonstrated to be significantly higher in the implantation group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Histological analysis, using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, showed the typical pathological atrophy, and an assessment of the nerve that had been crushed revealed distal axonal breakdown in the control group. These results suggest that the implantable electrical stimulator was effective, and was suitable for implantation in a Sprague-Dawley rat model.
ulforaphane improves cognitive function administered following traumatic rain injury

Recent studies have shown that sulforaphane, a naturally occurring compound that is found in cruciferous vegetables, offers cellular protection in several models of brain injury. When administered following traumatic brain injury (TBI), sulforaphane has been demonstrated to attenuate blood-brain barrier permeability and reduce cerebral edema. These beneficial effects of sulforaphane have been shown to involve induction of a group of cytoprotective, Nrf2-driven genes, whose protein products include free radical scavenging and detoxifying enzymes. However, the influence of sulforaphane on post-injury cognitive deficits has not been examined. In this study, we examined if sulforaphane, when administered follow-
AC 2007-2353: INTEGRATING ASYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL DESIGN AND TESTING INTO THE UNDERGRADUATE COMPUTER ENGINEERING CURRICULUM

As demand rises for circuits with higher performance, higher complexity, and decreased feature size, asynchronous (clockless) paradigms will become more widely used in the semiconductor industry, as evidenced by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors’ (ITRS) prediction of a likely shift from synchronous to asynchronous design styles in order to increase circuit robustness, decrease power, and alleviate many clock-related issues 1 . ITRS predicts that asynchronous circuits will account for 19% of chip area within the next 5 years, and 30% of chip area within the next 10 years 2 . To meet this growing industry need, students in Computer Engineering should be introduced to asynchronous circuit design to make them more marketable and more prepared for the challenges faced by the digital design community for years to come.
Kinematics and aerodynamics of avian upstrokes during slow flight

ABSTRACT Slow flight is extremely energetically costly per unit time, yet highly important for takeoff and survival. However, at slow speeds it is presently thought that most birds do not produce beneficial aerodynamic forces during the entire wingbeat: instead they fold or flex their wings during upstroke, prompting the long-standing prediction that the upstroke produces trivial forces. There is increasing evidence that the upstroke contributes to force production, but the aerodynamic and kinematic mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we examined the wingbeat cycle of two species: the diamond dove (Geopelia cuneata) and zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), which exhibit different upstroke styles – a wingtip-reversal and flexed-wing upstroke, respectively. We used a combination of particle image velocimetry and near-wake streamline measures alongside detailed 3D kinematics. We show that during the middle of the wingtip-reversal upstroke, the hand-wing has a high angular velocity (15.3±0.8 deg ms−1) and translational speed (8.4±0.6 m s−1). The flexed-wing upstroke, in contrast, has low wingtip speed during mid-upstroke. Instead, later in the stroke cycle, during the transition from upstroke to downstroke, it exhibits higher angular velocities (45.5±13.8 deg ms−1) and translational speeds (11.0±1.9 m s−1). Aerodynamically, the wingtip-reversal upstroke imparts momentum to the wake, with entrained air shed backward (visible as circulation of 14.4±0.09 m2 s−1). In contrast, the flexed-wing upstroke imparts minimal momentum. Clap and peel in the dove enhances the time course for circulation production on the wings, and provides new evidence of convergent evolution on time-varying aerodynamic mechanisms during flapping in insects and birds. Summary: Some birds exhibit an upstroke style that enhances aerodynamic force production during energetically expensive slow flight. This aerodynamic signature is closely linked with their wing motion.
Shortest Multilayered Path for Dimensioning in Two-Layer Connection-Oriented Networks

Multilayered model of network describes recent computers networks compounded of different layers of resources where different topologies in each layer are possible. It raises many new questions and changes most of well understood optimization problems on a single layer network into far from trivial. In this paper we focus attention on flow allocation in a multilayer network and we investigate dimensioning of network involving two layers of resources. In dimensioning problem, Flat Cost strategy allows to reconstruct network consists of many layers to single layer-like network. However considering modularization of capacity in adjacent layers, we indicate that depending on the volume of demand, strategies based on Shortest Multilayered Path and Temporary Flat Cost provide improved results.
Proteolysis of Monomeric Recombinant Rotavirus VP4 Yields an Oligomeric VP5* Core

ABSTRACT Rotavirus particles are activated for cell entry by trypsin cleavage of the outer capsid spike protein, VP4, into a hemagglutinin, VP8*, and a membrane penetration protein, VP5*. We have purified rhesus rotavirus VP4, expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Purified VP4 is a soluble, elongated monomer, as determined by analytical ultracentrifugation. Trypsin cleaves purified VP4 at a number of sites that are protected on the virion and yields a heterogeneous group of protease-resistant cores of VP5*. The most abundant tryptic VP5* core is trimmed past the N terminus associated with activation for virus entry into cells. Sequential digestion of purified VP4 with chymotrypsin and trypsin generates homogeneous VP8* and VP5* cores (VP8CT and VP5CT, respectively), which have the authentic trypsin cleavages in the activation region. VP8CT is a soluble monomer composed primarily of β-sheets. VP5CT forms sodium dodecyl sulfate-resistant dimers. These results suggest that trypsinization of rotavirus particles triggers a rearrangement in the VP5* region of VP4 to yield the dimeric spikes observed in icosahedral image reconstructions from electron cryomicroscopy of trypsinized rotavirus virions. The solubility of VP5CT and of trypsinized rotavirus particles suggests that the trypsin-triggered conformational change primes VP4 for a subsequent rearrangement that accomplishes membrane penetration. The domains of VP4 defined by protease analysis contain all mapped neutralizing epitopes, sialic acid binding residues, the heptad repeat region, and the membrane permeabilization region. This biochemical analysis of VP4 provides sequence-specific structural information that complements electron cryomicroscopy data and defines targets and strategies for atomic-resolution structural studies.
The Utility of a Digital Virtual Template for Junior Surgeons in Pedicle Screw Placement in the Lumbar Spine

This study assessed the utility of three-dimensional preoperative image reconstruction as digital virtual templating for junior surgeons in placing a pedicle screw (PS) in the lumbar spine. Twenty-three patients of lumbar disease were operated on with bilateral PS fixation in our hospital. The two sides of lumbar pedicles were randomly divided into “hand-free group” (HFG) and “digital virtual template group” (DVTG) in each patient. Two junior surgeons preoperatively randomly divided into these two groups finished the placement of PSs. The accuracy of PS and the procedure time of PS insertion were recorded. The accuracy of PS in DVTG was 91.8% and that in HFG was 87.7%. The PS insertion procedure time of DVTG was 74.5 ± 8.1 s and that of HFG was 90.9 ± 9.9 s. Although no significant difference was reported in the accurate rate of PS between the two groups, the PS insertion procedure time was significantly shorter in DVTG than in HFG (P < 0.05). Digital virtual template is simple and can reduce the procedure time of PS placement.
A novel adaptive color to grayscale conversion algorithm for digital images

A color image sent to the monochrome device must undergo the color-to-grayscale conversion process. Although the conventional color-to-grayscale conversion algorithms are widely used, their performance is questionable in certain circumstances and poor quality resultant grayscale images will be produced. This paper tackled some drawbacks of the conventional methods by introducing a novel approach namely the Adaptive Color to Grayscale (ACGS) conversion algorithm. In the proposed ACGS method, the pixels distribution analysis of input color images was performed to calculate the weight contribution of red, green, and blue components during the conversion process. The extensive experimental results demonstrated the superior qualitative and quantitative performance of the proposed ACGS method over the conventional algorithms and its feasibility in real-time video processing applications. These promising results suggest that the proposed ACGS method is suitable to be employed in the monochrome devices for pre- and post- processing of digital images. Key words: Color-to-grayscale conversion, adaptive, color image, grayscale image, image pre-processing.
Effective construction of compression-based feature space

This paper investigates how to construct a feature space for compression-based pattern recognition which judges the similarity between two objects x and y through the compression ratio to compress x with y('s dictionary). Specifically, we focus on the known framework called PRDC which represents an object x as a compression-ratio vector (CV) that lines up the compression ratios after x is compressed with multiple different dictionaries. For PRDC, the dimensions, i.e., the dictionaries determine the quality of CV space. This paper presents a practical technique to modify the chosen dictionaries which improves the performance of pattern recognition substantially by making them more independent.