Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[3H]Dihydrotetrabenazine, a New In Vitro Monoaminergic Probe for Human Brain

Abstract: The monoamine transporter of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline, and 5‐hydroxytryptamine synaptic vesicles was assayed in rat and human brain homogenates by in vitro binding of [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine. [3H]Reserpine, a second ligand of the vesicular monoamine transporter, could not be used. [3H]Dihydrotetrabenazine binding in rat brain was stable after 72 h at 22°C postmortem. In major human brain regions, [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding was specific and saturable (KD, 2.7 nM). Displacement constants by substrates or inhibitors of vesicular monoamine uptake, and regional distribution in human brain were similar to those found in rodents. The highest densities of binding sites were observed in caudate nucleus, putamen, and accumbens nucleus. In caudate nucleus and in putamen from normal human subjects, [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding and homovanillic acid concentration were significantly or nearly significantly correlated. A weaker correlation was found between [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding and DA, in association with a higher variability of DA. [3H]Dihydrotetrabenazine binding in caudate nucleus and in putamen decreased significantly with age, unlike DA and homovanillic acid concentrations. The results establish [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine as a presynaptic monoaminergic ligand of interest for studies on postmortem human brain.
Interactive Clustering of Text Collections According to a User-Specified Criterion

Document clustering is traditionally tackled from the perspective of grouping documents that are topically similar. However, many other criteria for clustering documents can be considered: for example, documents' genre or the author's mood. We propose an interactive scheme for clustering document collections, based on any criterion of the user's preference. The user holds an active position in the clustering process: first, she chooses the types of features suitable to the underlying task, leading to a task-specific document representation. She can then provide examples of features-- if such examples are emerging, e.g., when clustering by the author's sentiment, words like 'perfect', 'mediocre', 'awful' are intuitively good features. The algorithm proceeds iteratively, and the user can fix errors made by the clustering system at the end of each iteration. Such an interactive clustering method demonstrates excellent results on clustering by sentiment, substantially outperforming an SVM trained on a large amount of labeled data. Even if features are not provided because they are not intuitively obvious to the user--e.g., what would be good features for clustering by genre using part-of-speech trigrams? --our multi-modal clustering method performs significantly better than k-means and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA).
Development of the inpipe robot for various sizes

Pipes are everywhere; they are used in power plants, chemical plants, and gas, oil and water supply systems. An inpipe robot is developed, whose movement is copied from the inchworm in nature. It consists of two universal joints, and two clamping and one expansion devices, which use the compressed air as the energy source; the clamping devices are operated by using the four-bar-link mechanism. It can move along the vertical and horizontal directions, and also 90°-bent section of the pipe with the aid of the universal joints. The robot can be used with the various sizes from 100-mm in diameter to 300-mm in diameter. Because the robot is actuated by using the compressed air, the potential applications will be various such as the inspection of the boiler pipes in a power plant, of chemical pipes, and of gas, oil, and water pipes.
Design and Demonstration of 1Gbit/s Optical Wireless Interface for Mobile Phones

A 1 Gbit/s optical wireless interface for a mobile phone is designed and in particular, the conditions of the diameter of the photodiode and NA of the condenser lens are cleared. A prototype of the instantaneous file transfer system with the interface, which can be attached to a mobile phone, is then fabricated based on the design. The receive-area diameter of 14.3 mm and the receive angle of 31 degrees are experimentally obtained at a transmission distance of 50 mm. 100 MB file transfer between the interfaces attached to the mobile phones is successfully carried out at a transmission distance of 50 mm without a single bit error and in less than 1 second.
Improving diabetes processes of care in managed care.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of systematic patient evaluation and patient and provider feedback on the processes and intermediate outcomes of diabetes care in Independent Practice Association model internal medicine practices. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Nine practices providing care to managed care patients were randomly assigned as intervention or comparison sites. Intervention-site subjects had Annual Diabetes Assessment Program (ADAP) assessments (HbA(1c), blood pressure, lipids, smoking, retinal photos, urine microalbumin, and foot examination) at years 1 and 2. Comparison-site subjects had ADAP assessments at year 2. At Intervention sites, year 1 ADAP results were reviewed with subjects, mailed to providers, and incorporated into electronic medical records with guideline-generated suggestions for treatment and follow-up. Medical records were evaluated for both groups for the year before both the year 1 and year 2 ADAP assessments. Processes and intermediate outcomes were compared using linear and logistic mixed hierarchical models. RESULTS Of 284 eligible subjects, 103 of 173 (60%) at the Intervention sites and 71 of 111 (64%) at the comparison sites participated; 83 of 103 (81%) of the intervention-site subjects returned for follow-up at year 2. Performance of the six recommended assessments improved in intervention-site subjects at year 2 compared with year 1 (5.8 vs. 4.3, P = 0.0001) and compared with comparison-site subjects at year 2 (4.2, P = 0.014). No significant changes were noted in intermediate outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The ADAP significantly improved processes of care but not intermediate outcomes. Additional interventions are needed to improve intermediate outcomes.
Towards a HL7 based Metamodeling Integration Approach for Embracing the Privacy of Healthcare Patient Records Administration

HL7 is a standard developed to support the exchange of information related to the medical field across institutions from the same country or from different countries. This standard provides mainly a framework to sustain the data exchange at the application / technical layer and the thereby minimize the importance of business / organization information. This is contradictory to the arising requirements dictated by the information security governance which claims the access rights to be only provided where there are business justifications. In this context, the paper aims at extending HL7 with a responsibility perspective in order to enhance the access rights considering organization constraints. Therefore, the paper firstly proposes an integration of both models and secondly provides an innovative HL7 XML format which supports new business related information framework defined around the notion of responsibility.
Active SSD design for energy-efficiency improvement of web-scale data analysis

NAND flash based solid state drives (SSDs) have been widely adopted as storage devices in modern data centers to provide high performance I/O services. Recently, researchers proposed several schemes to improve energy efficiency of the system by off-loading specific computation tasks from generic processors to local processing elements in SSD controllers. However, it is inefficient to directly apply these approaches to the web-scale data analysis system equipped with modern SSDs using FPGA based controllers. More important, the design schemess proposed in prior work cannot work with our target system. In order to overcome the limitation, we present our Active SSD design, considering unique features of computation tasks in web-scale data analysis. In addition, we address an important issue about interference between normal data processing and local computation in Active SSDs. The detailed architecture of our Active SSD is described, and a prototype is implemented. Moreover, the modification to the whole system is also introduced to enable the Active SSD. Experimental results based on real applications show that the energy efficiency can be significantly improved with our design.
Fast bilateral-space stereo for synthetic defocus

Given a stereo pair it is possible to recover a depth map and use that depth to render a synthetically defocused image. Though stereo algorithms are well-studied, rarely are those algorithms considered solely in the context of producing these defocused renderings. In this paper we present a technique for efficiently producing disparity maps using a novel optimization framework in which inference is performed in “bilateral-space”. Our approach produces higher-quality “defocus” results than other stereo algorithms while also being 10 - 100× faster than comparable techniques.
Iterative self-calibration algorithm for near-field source localization

In this paper, we consider the near field source location problem for a nonuniform sparse linear array (non-USA) in the presence of sensor gain and phase errors. We present a minimum variance based iterative self-calibration method to simultaneously estimate the gain and phase error parameters as well as the calibration sources locations including ranges and azimuthes exploiting some imprecise a-priori knowledge of calibration sources. The source locations and the gain/phase errors are obtained iteratively with known range or azimuth, and continue the procedure until they are converged. Finally, at the analysis stage, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technique using some numerical simulations.
Parallel Tabu Search and the Multiobjective Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

In this paper the author presents three approaches to parallel tabu search, applied to several instances of the capacitated vehicle routing problem with time windows (CVRPTW). Attention in this work was given to keep the parallel implementations simple. The parallel algorithms are of two kinds: two of them are parallel with respect to functional decomposition and one approach is a collaborative multisearch TS. The implementation builds upon a framework called distributed meta-heuristics or DEME for short. Tests were performed on an SGI Origin 3800 supercomputer at the Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Austria.
Applying Infant Massage Practices: A Qualitative Study

This study explored the dynamic interaction between a mother and her 11-month-old visually impaired infant before and after the mother was taught infant massage. After the mother learned infant massage, she had more appropriate physical contact with her infant, engaged with him within his field of vision, directly vocalized to him, and had a greater ability to read his cues; the infant's interactions were reciprocal and reflected more-secure attachment, and the infant demonstrated beginning awareness of self and space.
A Systematic Review of Reporting Tools Applicable to Sexual and Reproductive Health Programmes: Step 1 in Developing Programme Reporting Standards

Background Complete and accurate reporting of programme preparation, implementation and evaluation processes in the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is essential to understand the impact of SRH programmes, as well as to guide their replication and scale-up. Objectives To provide an overview of existing reporting tools and identify core items used in programme reporting with a focus on programme preparation, implementation and evaluation processes. Methods A systematic review was completed for the period 2000–2014. Reporting guidelines, checklists and tools, irrespective of study design, applicable for reporting on programmes targeting SRH outcomes, were included. Two independent reviewers screened the title and abstract of all records. Full texts were assessed in duplicate, followed by data extraction on the focus, content area, year of publication, validation and description of reporting items. Data was synthesized using an iterative thematic approach, where items related to programme preparation, implementation and evaluation in each tool were extracted and aggregated into a consolidated list. Results Out of the 3,656 records screened for title and abstracts, full texts were retrieved for 182 articles, out of which 108 were excluded. Seventy-four full text articles corresponding to 45 reporting tools were retained for synthesis. The majority of tools were developed for reporting on intervention research (n = 15), randomized controlled trials (n = 8) and systematic reviews (n = 7). We identified a total of 50 reporting items, across three main domains and corresponding sub-domains: programme preparation (objective/focus, design, piloting); programme implementation (content, timing/duration/location, providers/staff, participants, delivery, implementation outcomes), and programme evaluation (process evaluation, implementation barriers/facilitators, outcome/impact evaluation). Conclusions Over the past decade a wide range of tools have been developed to improve the reporting of health research. Development of Programme Reporting Standards (PRS) for SRH can fill a significant gap in existing reporting tools. This systematic review is the first step in the development of such standards. In the next steps, we will draft a preliminary version of the PRS based on the aggregate list of identified items, and finalize the tool using a consensus process among experts and user-testing.
Making TCP/IP Viable for Wireless Sensor Networks

The TCP/IP protocol suite, which has proven itself highly successful in wired networks, is often claimed to be unsuited for wireless micro-sensor networks. In this work, we question this conventional wisdom and present a number of mechanisms that are intended to enable the use of TCP/IP for wireless sensor networks: spatial IP address assignment, shared context header compression, application overlay routing, and distributed TCP caching (DTC). Sensor networks based on TCP/IP have the advantage of being able to directly communicate with an infrastructure consisting either of a wired IP network or of IP-based wireless technology such as GPRS. We have implemented parts of our mechanisms both in a simulator environment and on actual sensor nodes, and preliminary results are promising.
Problem Children : Parents Gaining Knowledge and Control

Examined the process of parents' learning to cope effectively with stresses related to their conduct-problem children's behavior by means of a videotape parent training program. Transcripts o f20 intake interviews, 80 group therapy sessions, and 16 therapist consultations with 77 mothers and 60 fathers of conduct-problem children (ages 3 to 7ye(urs) provided the data. These transcripts were analyzed using the constant comparison method. Findings suggested that the proce,ss was one of gaining knowledge, control, and competence and was comprised qfjive phases, which were labeled: acknondedging the family's problem, alternating despair and hope, "tempering the dream': "making the shoe fit", and eflective coping. The meaning of the different phases is discussed in light of the theory of sifress.
Cloning and Expression of a Ralstonia eutropha HF39 Gene Mediating Indigo Formation inEscherichia coli

ABSTRACT On complex medium Escherichia coli strains carrying hybrid plasmid pBEC/EE:11.0, pSKBEC/BE:9.0, pSKBEC/PP:3.3, or pSKBEC/PP:2.4 harboring genomic DNA of Ralstonia eutrophaHF39 produced a blue pigment characterized as indigo by several chemical and spectroscopic methods. A 1,251-bp open reading frame (bec) was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of bec showed only weak similarities to short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenases, and the gene product catalyzed formation of indoxyl, a reactive preliminary stage for production of indigo.
Molecular biology of demosponge axial filaments and their roles in biosilicification

For hundreds of years, the skeletal elements of marine and freshwater sponges have intrigued investigators with a diverse array of remarkably complex morphologies. Early studies of demosponge monaxonal megascleres revealed the presence of a central organic axial filament running their entire length. Until recently, however, the precise function of these axial filaments was largely unknown. The spicules from the temperate Eastern Pacific demosponge, Tethya aurantia, comprise ∼75% of the dry weight of this species, facilitating the large‐scale isolation and purification of the biosilica‐associated proteins. Silicateins, the most abundant proteins comprising the axial filaments of these spicules, prove to be members of a well‐known superfamily of proteolytic and hydrolytic enzymes and can be easily collected after silica demineralization with hydrofluoric acid. Consistent with these findings, the intact filaments are more than simple, passive templates; in vitro, they actively catalyze and spatially direct the hydrolysis and polycondensation of silicon alkoxides to yield silica at neutral pH and low temperature. Catalytic activity also is exhibited by the monomeric subunits obtained by disaggregation of the protein filaments and those produced from recombinant DNA templates cloned in bacteria. These proteins also can be used to direct the polymerization of organosilicon polymers (silicones) from the corresponding organically functionalized silicon alkoxides. Based on these observations, the silicateins are currently being used as models for the design of biomimetic agents with unique catalytic and structure‐directing properties. The presence of axial filaments in a diversity of spicule types and the evolutionary implications of these findings are also discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech. 62:356–367, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unsupervised clustering with spiking neurons by sparse temporal coding and multilayer RBF networks

We demonstrate that spiking neural networks encoding information in the timing of single spikes are capable of computing and learning clusters from realistic data. We show how a spiking neural network based on spike-time coding and Hebbian learning can successfully perform unsupervised clustering on real-world data, and we demonstrate how temporal synchrony in a multilayer network can induce hierarchical clustering. We develop a temporal encoding of continuously valued data to obtain adjustable clustering capacity and precision with an efficient use of neurons: input variables are encoded in a population code by neurons with graded and overlapping sensitivity profiles. We also discuss methods for enhancing scale-sensitivity of the network and show how the induced synchronization of neurons within early RBF layers allows for the subsequent detection of complex clusters.
Evolutionarily Conserved Multiple C2 Domain Proteins with Two Transmembrane Regions (MCTPs) and Unusual Ca2+ Binding Properties*

C2 domains are primarily found in signal transduction proteins such as protein kinase C, which generally contain a single C2 domain, and in membrane trafficking proteins such as synaptotagmins, which generally contain multiple C2 domains. In both classes of proteins, C2 domains usually regulate the respective protein's function by forming Ca2+-dependent or Ca2+-independent phospholipid complexes. We now describe MCTPs (multiple C2 domain and transmembrane region proteins), a novel family of evolutionarily conserved C2 domain proteins with unusual Ca2+-dependent properties. MCTPs are composed of a variable N-terminal sequence, three C2 domains, two transmembrane regions, and a short C-terminal sequence. The invertebrate organisms Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster express a single MCTP gene, whereas vertebrates express two MCTP genes (MCTP1 and MCTP2) whose primary transcripts are extensively alternatively spliced. Most of the MCTP sequences, in particular the C2 domains, are highly conserved. All MCTP C2 domains except for the second C2 domain of MCTP2 include a perfect Ca2+/phospholipid-binding consensus sequence. To determine whether the C2 domains of MCTPs actually function as Ca2+/phospholipid-binding modules, we analyzed their Ca2+ and phospholipid binding properties. Surprisingly, we found that none of the three MCTP1 C2 domains interacted with negatively charged or neutral phospholipids in the presence or absence of Ca2+. However, Ca2+ titrations monitored via intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence revealed that all three C2 domains bound Ca2+ in the absence of phospholipids with a high apparent affinity (EC50 of ∼1.3-2.3 μm). Our data thus reveal that MCTPs are evolutionarily conserved C2 domain proteins that are unusual in that the C2 domains are anchored in the membrane by two closely spaced transmembrane regions and represent Ca2+-binding but not phospholipid-binding modules.
Protein Secondary Structure Prediction

Proteins are made up of basic units called amino acids which are held together by bonds namely hydrogen and ionic bond. The way in which the amino acids are sequenced has been categorized into two dimensional and three dimensional structures. The main advantage of predicting secondary structure is to produce tertiary structure likelihoods that are in great demand for continuous detection of proteins. This paper reviews the different methods adopted for predicting the protein secondary structure and provides a comparative analysis of accuracies obtained from various input datasets [1].
Kinetic properties of a voltage-dependent junctional conductance

We have proposed that the gap junctions between amphibian blastomeres are comprised of voltage-sensitive channels. The kinetic properties of the junctional conductance are here studied under voltage clamp. When the transjunctional voltage is stepped to a new voltage of the same polarity, the junctional conductance changes as a single exponential to a steady-state level. The time constant of the conductance change is determined by the existing transjunctional voltage and is independent of the previous voltage. For each voltage polarity, the relations between voltage, time constant, and steady-state conductance are well modeled by a reversible two-state reaction scheme in which the calculated rate constants for the transitions between the states are exponential functions of voltage. The calculated rate constant for the transition to the low-conductance state is approximately twice as voltage dependent as that for the transition to the high-conductance state. When the transjunctional voltage polarity is reversed, the junctional conductance undergoes a transient recovery. The polarity reversal data are well modeled by a reaction scheme in which the junctional channel has two gates, each with opposite voltage sensitivity, and in which an open gate may close only if the gate in series with it is open. A simple explanation for this contingent gating is a mechanism in which each gate senses only the local voltage drop within the channel.