Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The school experiences of a learning disabled student

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.IV TABLE OF CONTENTS . V LIST OF TABLES. X LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.XI CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION. 1 THE RESEARCH FOCUS.3 Disability studies . 3 Childhood studies . 4 Sociocultural theory . 5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE THESIS . 6 THE NEW ZEALAND CONTEXT: SPECIAL EDUCATION AND INCLUSION.8 ORGANISATION OF THE THESIS . 11 CHAPTER TWO: THE THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE THESIS . 12 INTRODUCTION . 12 SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY.13 Key concepts.13 Communities of practice. 13 Practice . 13 Participation . 14 Mediated action. 14 Reciprocity . 15 Identity as being and becoming . 16 Experience as the continual negotiation of meaning. 17 Sociocultural processes . 18 Mediated action allows for agency . 19 Understanding learning within practice . 21 Summary.24 DISABILITY STUDIES . 25 Key Concepts . 25 Disability . 25 Impairment and impairment effects . 26 Embodiment . 27 The social construction of disability . 28 The school experiences of a learning disabled student Gaffney – PhD – Front Matter vi Sociology of the body.30 Impairment and disability as experience . 31 Theorizing learning disabilities.33 Summary.36 CHILDHOOD STUDIES.37 Key concepts.38 Childhood. 38 Voice. 39 Children as social actors. 40 Children’s participation . 40 The ontology of childhood.41 Understanding children’s experiences . 43 Barriers to participation . 45 Summary.47 INTEGRATION OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS.47 Agency.48 Dissolving boundaries between individual and context.49 Adult-­child relations.50 AN ECOLOGY OF ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING . 51 RESEARCH QUESTION . 53 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY AND METHOD.54 METHODOLOGY: A RATIONALE FOR RESEARCHING CHILDREN’S EXPERIENCES.54 Qualitative Research . 55 Ethnographic research. 57 Case study research. 59 Limitations of ethnographic case studies . 60 Classroom Ethnography . 61 Sociocultural approaches to ethnography. 62 Summary.63 METHOD.
An analytical model for wormhole routing in multicomputer interconnection networks

The communication performance of the interconnection network is critical in a multicomputer system. Wormhole routing has been known to be more efficient than the traditional circuit switching and packet switching. To evaluate wormhole routing, a queueing-theoretic analysis is used. This paper presents a general analytical model for wormhole routing based on very basic assumptions. The model is used to evaluate the routing delays in hypercubes and meshes. Delays calculated are compared against those obtained from simulations, and these comparisons show that the model is within a reasonable accuracy. <<ETX>>
Effect of athletic taping and kinesiotaping® on measurements of functional performance in basketball players with chronic inversion ankle sprains.

BACKGROUND Chronic inversion ankle sprains are common in basketball players. The effect of taping on functional performance is disputed in the literature. Kinesiotaping® (KT®) is a new method that is being used as both a therapeutic and performance enhancement tool. To date, it appears that no study has investigated the effect of ankle KT® on functional performance. PURPOSE To investigate the effects of different types of taping (KT® using Kinesio Tex®, athletic taping) on functional performance in athletes with chronic inversion sprains of the ankle. STUDY DESIGN Crossover Study Design METHODS Fifteen male basketball players with chronic inversion ankle sprains between the ages of 18 and 22 participated in this study. Functional performance tests (Hopping test by Amanda et al, Single Limb Hurdle Test, Standing Heel Rise test, Vertical Jump Test, The Star Excursion Balance Test [SEBT] and Kinesthetic Ability Trainer [KAT] Test) were used to quantify agility, endurance, balance, and coordination. These tests were conducted four times at one week intervals using varied conditions: placebo tape, without tape, standard athletic tape, and KT®. One-way ANOVA tests were used to examine difference in measurements between conditions. Bonferroni correction was applied to correct for repeated testing. RESULTS There were no significant differences among the results obtained using the four conditions for SEBT (anterior p=0.0699; anteromedial p=0.126; medial p=0.550; posteromedial p=0.587; posterior p=0.754; posterolateral p=0.907; lateral p=0.124; anterolateral p=0.963) and the KAT dynamic measurement (p=0.388). Faster performance times were measured with KT® and athletic tape in single limb hurdle test when compared to placebo and non-taped conditions (Athletic taping- placebo taping: p=0.03; athletic taping- non tape p=0.016;KT®- Placebo taping p=0.042; KT®-Non tape p=0.016). In standing heel rise test and vertical jump test, athletic taping led to decreased performance. (Standing heel rise test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.035; athletic taping- non tape p=0.043; athletic tape- KT® p<0.001) (Vertical jump test: Athletic taping- placebo taping p=0.002: athletic taping- non tape p=0.002; KT®- athletic tape p<0.001) CONCLUSION Kinesiotaping® had no negative effects on a battery of functional performance tests and improvements were seen in some functional performance tests. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Ankle taping using Kinesio Tex® Tape did not inhibit functional performance.
Activation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Heat Shock Transcription Factor Under Glucose Starvation Conditions by Snf1 Protein Kinase*

Heat shock transcription factor (HSF) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that mediates eukaryotic transcriptional responses to stress. Although the mammalian stress-responsive HSF1 isoform is activated in response to a wide array of seemingly unrelated stresses, including heat shock, pharmacological agents, infection and inflammation, little is known about the precise mechanisms or pathways by which this factor is activated by many stressors. The baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a single HSF protein that responds to heat stress and glucose starvation and provides a simple model system to investigate how a single HSF is activated by multiple stresses. Although induction of the HSF target gene CUP1 by glucose starvation is dependent on the Snf1 kinase, HSF-dependent heat shock induction of CUP1 is Snf1-independent. Approximately 165 in vivo targets for HSF have been identified in S. cerevisiae using chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with DNA microarrays. Interestingly, ∼30% of the HSF direct target genes are also induced by the diauxic shift, in which glucose levels begin to be depleted. We demonstrate that HSF and Snf1 kinase interact in vivo and that HSF is a direct substrate for phosphorylation by Snf1 kinase in vitro. Furthermore, glucose starvation-dependent, but not heat shock-dependent HSF phosphorylation, and enhanced chromosomal HSF DNA binding to low affinity target promoters such as SSA3 and HSP30, occurred in a Snf1-dependent manner. Consistent with a more global role for HSF and Snf1 in activating gene expression in response to changes in glucose availability, expression of a subset of HSF targets by glucose starvation was dependent on Snf1 and the HSF carboxyl-terminal activation domain.
A machine learning method for the large-scale evaluation of urban visual environment

Given the size of modern cities in the urbanising age, it is beyond the perceptual capacity of most people to develop a good knowledge about the beauty and ugliness of the city at every street corner. Correspondingly, for planners, it is also difficult to accurately answer questions like 'where are the worst-looking places in the city that regeneration should give first consideration', or 'in the fast urbanising cities, how is the city appearance changing', etc. To address this issue, we here present a computer vision method for the large-scale and automatic evaluation of the urban visual environment, by leveraging state-of-the-art machine learning techniques and the wide-coverage street view images. From the various factors that are at work, we choose two key features, the visual quality of street facade and the continuity of street wall, as the starting point of this line of analysis. In order to test the validity of this method, we further compare the machine ratings with ratings collected on site from 752 passers-by on fifty-six locations. We show that the machine learning model can produce a good estimation of people's real visual experience, and it holds much potential for various tasks in terms of urban design evaluation, culture identification, etc.
Media exposure and smoking intention in adolescents: A moderated mediation analysis from a cultivation perspective

The study tested a moderated mediation model to examine the mechanisms underlying the link between media exposure and adolescent smoking intention by utilizing a modification of cultivation theory. A total of 12,586 non-current smoker adolescents in California were included in the analysis. Results showed that media exposure was positively related to smoking intention via perceived prevalence of peer smoking when friend disapproval of cigarette use was low. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms regarding the media effects on smoking intention, but the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small effect size.
Trk Receptors Function As Rapid Retrograde Signal Carriers in the Adult Nervous System

During development target-derived neurotrophins promote the survival of neurons. However, mature neurons no longer depend on the target for survival. Do target-derived neurotrophins retain retrograde signaling functions in mature neurons, and, if so, how are they executed? We addressed this question by using a phosphotyrosine-directed antibody to locate activated Trk receptors in adult rat sciatic nerve. We show that catalytically active Trk receptors are located within the axon of adult rat sciatic nerve and that they are distributed throughout the length of the axons. These catalytically active receptors are phosphorylated on tyrosine at a position that couples them to the signal-generating proteins Ras and PI3 kinase. Neurotrophin applied at sciatic nerve terminals increases both catalytic activity and phosphorylation state of Trk receptors at distant points within the axons. Trk activation initiated at the nerve terminals propagates through the axon toward the nerve cell body at an initial rate that exceeds that of conventional vesicular transport. However, our data suggest that this rapid signal is nevertheless vesicle-associated. Thus, in mature nerves, activated Trk receptors function as rapid retrograde signal carriers to execute remote responses to target-derived neurotrophins.
Value Function Approximation on Non-Linear Manifolds for Robot Motor Control

The least squares approach works efficiently in value function approximation, given appropriate basis functions. Because of its smoothness, the Gaussian kernel is a popular and useful choice as a basis function. However, it does not allow for discontinuity which typically arises in real-world reinforcement learning tasks. In this paper, we propose a new basis function based on geodesic Gaussian kernels, which exploits the non-linear manifold structure induced by the Markov decision processes. The usefulness of the proposed method is successfully demonstrated in a simulated robot arm control and Khepera robot navigation.
Description Logics and Disjunctive Datalog - The Story so Far

In this paper we present an overview of our recent work on the relationship between description logics and disjunctive datalog. In particular, we reduce satisfiability and instance checking in SHIQ to corresponding problems in disjunctive datalog. This allows us to apply practically successful deductive database optimization techniques, such as magic sets. Interestingly, the reduction also allows us to obtain novel theoretical results on description logics. In particular, we show that the data complexity of reasoning in SHIQ is in NP, and we define a fragment called Horn-SHIQ for which the data complexity is in P. Finally, the reduction provides a basis for query answering in an extension of SHIQ with so-called DL-safe rules.
Multiple alternative sentence compressions as a tool for automatic summarization tasks

Automatic summarization is the distillation of important information from a source into an abridged form for a particular user or task. Many current systems summarize texts by selecting sentences with important content. The limitation of extraction at the sentence level is that highly relevant sentences may also contain non-relevant and redundant content. This thesis presents a novel framework for text summarization that addresses the limitations of sentence-level extraction. Under this framework text summarization is performed by generating Multiple Alternative Sentence Compressions (MASC) as candidate summary components and using weighted features of the candidates to construct summaries from them. Sentence compression is the rewriting of a sentence in a shorter form. This framework provides an environment in which hypotheses about summarization techniques can be tested. Three approaches to sentence compression were developed under this framework. The first approach, HMM Hedge, uses the Noisy Channel Model to calculate the most likely compressions of a sentence. The second approach, Trimmer, uses syntactic trimming rules that are linguistically motivated by Headlinese, a form of compressed English associated with newspaper headlines. The third approach, Topiary, is a combination of fluent text with topic terms. The MASC framework for automatic text summarization has been applied to the tasks of headline generation and multi-document summarization, and has been used for initial work in summarization of novel genres and applications, including broadcast news, email threads, cross-language, and structured queries. The framework supports combinations of component techniques, fostering collaboration between development teams. Three results will be demonstrated under the MASC framework. The first is that an extractive summarization system can produce better summaries by automatically selecting from a pool of compressed sentence candidates than by automatically selecting from unaltered source sentences. The second result is that sentence selectors can construct better summaries from pools of compressed candidates when they make use of larger candidate feature sets. The third result is that for the task of Headline Generation, a combination of topic terms and compressed sentences performs better then either approach alone. Experimental evidence supports all three results.
Databases on transcriptional regulation: TRANSFAC, TRRD and COMPEL

TRANSFAC, TRRD (Transcription Regulatory Region Database) and COMPEL are databases which store information about transcriptional regulation in eukaryotic cells. The three databases provide distinct views on the components involved in transcription: transcription factors and their binding sites and binding profiles (TRANSFAC), the regulatory hierarchy of whole genes (TRRD), and the structural and functional properties of composite elements (COMPEL). The quantitative and qualitative changes of all three databases and connected programs are described. The databases are accessible via WWW:http://transfac.gbf. de/TRANSFAC orhttp://www.bionet. nsc.ru/TRRD
Capture analysis of mobile multi-packet networks adopting spatial reuse: An alternative study

This paper presents an approximated, but accurate and fast to compute, mathematical framework for evaluating the capture probability and the number of sustainable communications in a mobile wireless network where spatial reuse enables the coexistence of multiple traffic flows. The proposed study focuses on a particular multi-packet approach, known as multi-packet communication, in which different communicating pairs are simultaneously active. Within this context, the statistics of the received power, of the interference power, and of the signal-to-interference ratio are derived accounting for the antenna system and the network topology in the presence of Nakagami fading. The theoretical results, which are validated by independent Monte Carlo simulations, are used to discuss the impact of mobility on the result of each transmission attempt. The purpose of the developed theory is to provide an alternative analysis, including the spatial domain, for modeling the capture probability and the number of concurrent peer-to-peer communications that can be sustained in a mobile ad-hoc network.
Efficient schemes for the weak approximation of reflected diffusions

In this paper, we present two new discretization schemes for reflected stochastic diSerential equations: their constructions are aimed to achieve the order l for the weak convergence, under some conditions, improving the classical order 1/2 obtained with the projected Euler scheme (see Constantini et al. [4]). We discuss the approximation of functionals of the reflected SDE, when the time interval is finite or infinite (i.e. stationary problem).
Capacity calculation for multi-relay channel in the presence of noise and fading

This letter presents a procedure of the capacity calculation for a multi-relay communication system for the assumed presence of additive white Gaussian noise and the flat fading in the channel. The exact formula for channel capacity as a function of channel parameters and the number of relays is derived. It was confirmed that the capacity of the network can be maintained and energy consumption can be reduced if the relay network is used.
Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), Version 2: A Critical Look.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to highlight the potential challenges associated with the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, version 2 (PI-RADS v2), and to offer, when possible, suggestions and ideas for improvement. CONCLUSION PI-RADS v2 offers clear improvements to its earlier version and will greatly benefit the prostate MRI community. Nonetheless, caution remains on the basis of early user experience, and potential ambiguities and gaps of PI-RADS v2 are noted. Continued data-driven clarification and refinement of the guidelines will be invaluable for PI-RADS v2 to achieve its goal of improving patient care.
Chronotropic And Vasodilatory Responses To Adenosine And Isoproterenol In Mouse Heart: Effects Of Adenosine A1 Receptor Overexpression

1. Chronotropic and vasodilatory effects of adenosine receptor activation with 2‐chloroadenosine (2‐ClAdo) and β‐adrenoceptor activation with isoproterenol were studied in wild‐type murine hearts and transgenic hearts overexpressing the A1 adenosine receptor.
Occlusion robust pose and model estimation using Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model on GPU

In this project, we would like to develop multi-object pose and model estimation which uses the 3D voxelized model and foreground background segmentation to detect 3D pose and model variation. In the relevant literature, [4], the authors used gradient descent to minimize the optimization energy function which is the integration over image multiplied by the smoothed step function of SDF of 3D model (silhouette) to jointly optimize the 6 degree location and rotations and deformation of model. The system is generally stable given prior mask and pose and works faster than state-of-the-art 3D pose estimation algorithm such as Zia and Stark [7]. However, the system requires prior mask which is hard to get automatically. In this project, we propose automatic segmentation mechanism that make use of object relation and alternating multi-object newton step. Thus, we improve the system by making it robust to texture and background color and especially occlusion from other object. The pipeline is first, we use [2] object detector to find location of objects and use these bounding boxes for contour detection techniques such as hierarchical image segmentation [8] or Grab Cut to capture the contour of objects which is essential for correct pose estimation. Then we run newton step for pose and model estimation for multiple objects.
Personalized ontology for web search personalization

The highest problem faced by the users of web search today is the quality and the amount of the results they get back. The results often frustrate and consume precious time of the users. Most of the existing search engines perform searches that are keyword-based. They get the search query for the user, search for the presence of search words in the web documents, rank them and display the results to the user. The semantics of the user query and also the intention of the user are not considered. Hence to improve searching in the WWW, a new personalized search index called User Conceptual Index (UCI) has been designed, which provides a conceptual relation between the search keywords and the pages, which matches the user's information need. This paper focuses towards the development of automatically identified user profile called as a personalized ontology and page ontology for the improvement of an existing personalized web search system based on the UCI.
Item Factor Structure of the Adjective Check List

As one of the frequently used instruments for assessment of self-concept through self-description, the Adjective Check List (ACL) has recognized merit in comparison with other similar instruments. Existing scales, as developed by Gough and Heilbrun (1965), provide data regarding behavioral tendencies that may be useful for research as well as for diagnostic and counseling purposes (e.g., Heilbrun, 1960, 1961; MacKinnon, 1963; Parker, 1967). It is becoming clear in psychological research that a thorough investigation of dimensions of test behavior related to such variables as the self-concept is essential (Foa, 1961; Loehlin, 1961; Briar and Bieri, 1963; Scarr, 1966; Parker and Megargee, 1967). Interest has not been lacking, but empirical analysis of the item factor structure of most commonly used personality measurement instruments has not been accomplished because limitations of existing computation equipment have made the task prohibitive. Consequently, beyond a few studies such as Comrey’s item factor analyses of subscales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (e.g., Comrey, 1957, 1958), other work with instruments containing many items as focused mainly on analyses of the factor structure of subscale scores themselves (c.f. , Scarr,
Boosting multi-modal camera selection with semantic features

In this work semantic features are used to improve the results of the camera selection. These semantic features are group action, person action and person speaking. For this purpose low level acoustic and visual features are combined with high level semantic ones. After the feature fusion, a segmentation and classification are performed by Hidden Markov Models. The evaluation shows that an absolute improvement of 6.5% can be achieved. The frame error rate is reduced to 38.1% by using acoustic and all semantic features. The best model using only low level features achieves a frame error rate of 44.6%, which is the best one reported on this data set.
Educational Needs and Barriers for Refugee Students in the United States: A Review of the Literature

Since 1975, the United States has resettled more than 2 million refugees, with approximately half arriving as children. Refugee children have traumatic experiences that can hinder their learning. The United Nations has specified in conventions, and researchers have concurred, that education is essential for refugee children’s psychosocial adjustment. However, government officials, public opinion, and researchers have often differed about what is best for refugees’ healthy acculturation. On the basis of a large-scale longitudinal study of the children of immigrants and refugees, Portes and Zhou (1993) suggested the theory of segmented assimilation, which accounts for diverse entry situations and receptions of immigrant and refugee populations. This review uses their theory to consider the needs and obstacles to education for refugees, and interventions for success.