Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-union of the scapular body. A case report.

Numerous authors have reported on the relative rarity of scapular fractures, the high association between such fractures and other injuries, and the infrequent necessity of operative treatment1,6-8,10,13,14. Non-operative treatment is routinely recommended for most, if not all, fractures of the scapular body10,11,15. Non-union of such a fracture is a relatively rare complication. Although there have been reports of non-unions involving the base of the coracoid process, the scapular spine, and the acromion1,11,12,15, we were unable to find a reported case of symptomatic non-union of the scapular body. We report the case of a patient who had pain and scapular dysfunction due to a non-union of the body of the scapula, which was successfully treated with open reduction and internal fixation with local bone-grafting. A forty-five-year-old right-hand-dominant man who worked as a cement mason sustained a burst fracture of the second lumbar vertebra when a pallet of bricks fell on him on December 12, 1993 (Fig. 1). The fracture was treated with posterior instrumentation from the twelfth thoracic to the third lumbar vertebra; however, because the fracture was treated at another institution, no information was available regarding whether or not a spinal arthrodesis was performed at any level. Postoperatively, the patient was immobilized in a body cast for three months. It was not noted how much of the scapula and thorax was covered by the cast. After removal of the body cast, the patient noticed prominence of the left scapula, pain in the scapular region, and restricted motion of the left shoulder. The patient was then referred to our Shoulder and Elbow Service. Fig. 1 Anteroposterior radiograph of the chest, made at the time of …
Looking Inside the Black Box: What School Factors Explain Voucher Gains in Washington, DC?

Several evaluations of private school voucher programs in the United States have reported achievement gains for voucher users, particularly African Americans. These studies tend to be structured as Randomized Field Trials (RFTs) in which participants are assigned to treatment (offered a voucher) and control (not offered a voucher) groups by lottery. A major advantage of RFTs is that the randomization process controls for a number of factors, measurable and unmeasurable, that otherwise might confound the assessment of voucher effects. A major shortcoming of RFTs is that they tend to be "black box" evaluations that tell policy analysts precious little about why or how a policy intervention yields benefits downstream. In this article we use data from the 2nd-year RFT of the Washington, DC, privately funded voucher program, supplemented by information obtained from the schools that participating students attended, in an effort to identify what school features or practices might be boosting the achievement of voucher students. This preliminary analysis suggests that less extensive school facilities and programs, more advantaged peers, responsible teachers, and more time-consuming homework assignments may be the characteristics of schools that increase the academic achievement of inner-city school voucher recipients. Additional analyses are recommended before definitive conclusions are drawn regarding what happens inside the black box of school voucher experiments.
Histopathological and serological progression of experimental Staphylococcus aureus arthritis

In a newly developed mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus arthritis the kinetics of joint destruction and serological manifestations as well as the clinical course of arthritis and osteitis were studied. Almost all mice developed histopathological signs of arthritis upon a single intravenous injection of 10(7) S. aureus LS-1 cells. There was rapid joint destruction, with synovial hypertrophy already visible, within 24 h after injection of the bacteria. Cartilage and/or bone erosions were seen in a majority of the mice within 72 h. Extra-articular manifestations, especially signs of bone infection, were also found soon after inoculation of the bacteria. Tail osteitis was frequent (50% of the mice) but appeared later than arthritis. Polymorphonuclear cells prevailed in the early joint lesions and were also common in the extra-articular manifestations. Within 3 days, mononuclear cells were also seen in the inflamed synovium, gaining a dominant position 3 weeks after the start of the disease. Serum interleukin-6 levels were already increased within 6 h after bacterial injection and remained elevated throughout the course of arthritis. Serum tumor necrosis factor levels were increased within 24 h. There was a tremendous induction of immunoglobulin production, especially of the immunoglobulin G1 isotype. This was paralleled by the production of specific antibodies to S. aureus (cell walls and toxin), as well as autoantibodies (rheumatoid factors and anti-single-stranded DNA antibodies), all predominantly of the immunoglobulin G isotype. The type and magnitude of the immunoglobulin G response together with the elevated interleukin-6 levels speak in favor of both antigen-specific and polyclonal B-cell activation during S. aureus arthritis. This study points out important similarities between our new model of S. aureus arthritis and human S. aureus arthritis. This resemblance will enable controlled studies of pathogenetic mechanisms of septic arthritis as well as therapeutic and prophylactic approaches.
Mobile Information Service Adapted to Subjective Situational Requirements of Individuals

The most of conventional information services are based on the implicit premise that the users has already defined their desired information. This study proposes a mobile information service that allows the users who have not yet defined their desired information or whose desired information varies according to the situation to get appropriate information. When the user can specify their desired information to the system explicitly, the authors develop a "Pull" service. Conversely, when the user cannot verbally specify their desired information to the system, this study provides "Push" service and "Don't disturb" option for the user who does not welcome this service. This study considers the characteristics of the environment of mobile terminal to focus on "Time", "Place" and user's "Preference": long term and short term preference. This study also creates rules, algorithms and filtering to the service. Furthermore, the results of experiments have been discussed to verify the idea that different of user desired requires different information services.
Low complexity hybrid beamforming and precoding for 2D planar antenna array mmWave systems

The massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system utilizes a large number of antennas to enhance the throughput and reliability of 5G systems. Millimeter wave (mmWave) system is one of the important massive MIMO systems because its small wavelength allows the tightly package of large antenna array. This paper presents a low-complexity algorithm that can jointly determine the RF beamforming array vector and baseband precoding matrix for 2D planar antenna array in mmWave systems. The proposed antenna selection before the beamforming can reduce the dimension of the baseband precoding matrix. This study also proposes a sliding-window-based index selection for RF beamforming array vector. This index selection scheme not only reduces the baseband complexity but also enable highly paralleled hardware architecture. The antenna selection technique can reduce about 93% complexity of the SVD computation and the proposed precoding algorithm can reduce about 20-26% complexity of the previous work in a 16×8 2D planar antenna array MIMO systems.
Recording Visual Evoked Potentials and Auditory Evoked P300 at 9.4T Static Magnetic Field

Simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown a number of advantages that make this multimodal technique superior to fMRI alone. The feasibility of recording EEG at ultra-high static magnetic field up to 9.4T was recently demonstrated and promises to be implemented soon in fMRI studies at ultra high magnetic fields. Recording visual evoked potentials are expected to be amongst the most simple for simultaneous EEG/fMRI at ultra-high magnetic field due to the easy assessment of the visual cortex. Auditory evoked P300 measurements are of interest since it is believed that they represent the earliest stage of cognitive processing. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of recording visual evoked potentials and auditory evoked P300 in a 9.4T static magnetic field. For this purpose, EEG data were recorded from 26 healthy volunteers inside a 9.4T MR scanner using a 32-channel MR compatible EEG system. Visual stimulation and auditory oddball paradigm were presented in order to elicit evoked related potentials (ERP). Recordings made outside the scanner were performed using the same stimuli and EEG system for comparison purposes. We were able to retrieve visual P100 and auditory P300 evoked potentials at 9.4T static magnetic field after correction of the ballistocardiogram artefact using independent component analysis. The latencies of the ERPs recorded at 9.4T were not different from those recorded at 0T. The amplitudes of ERPs were higher at 9.4T when compared to recordings at 0T. Nevertheless, it seems that the increased amplitudes of the ERPs are due to the effect of the ultra-high field on the EEG recording system rather than alteration in the intrinsic processes that generate the electrophysiological responses.
COMPACT TWO-LAYER MICROSTRIP BANDPASS FILTERS USING BROADSIDE-COUPLED RESONATORS

This paper presents a design methodology for realizing broadside-coupled microstrip bandpass fllters on multilayer substrates to reduce the size of the fllter. The new fllter conflguration consists of broadside coupled split-ring resonators on two layers backed by a ground plane. With the proposed new method, miniaturization to a greater extent can be achieved compared to the conventional method of realizing microstrip multilayer fllters. In addition, coupling apertures in the ground plane used to achieve coupling among the resonators in conventional multilayer structures are eliminated. The proposed design is more ∞exible compared to traditional multilayer fllters. Layers can be easily added to increase the fllter order. To demonstrate the method, a miniaturized two-layered bandpass fllter centered at 728MHz with low insertion loss is implemented and investigated. Miniaturization of more than 25% is achieved compared to the conventional broadside coupled structure and more than 40% miniaturization compared to the edge coupled structure. The new microstrip fllter discussed in this paper can be realized using simple fabrication techniques.
Perioperative Events During Deep Brain Stimulation: The Experience at Cleveland Clinic

Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the basal ganglia is an evolving technique for managing intractable movement disorders such as those due to Parkinson disease. We conducted a retrospective review of the DBS procedures that have been performed at our institution to determine the frequency and types complications that occurred. Methods After Institutional Review Board approval, 258 procedures involving 250 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate analysis using the χ2 test for the categorical variables and a t-test for the continuous variables was performed on patients with and without complications to determine potential risk factors. Results The most common anesthesia technique used for DBS procedures was monitored anesthesia care using a propofol infusion during the early part of the case. Airway, respiratory, neurologic, and psychologic/psychiatric complications occurred. Age was found to be an independent risk factor for complications during DBS. Conclusion This retrospective study demonstrates that age is an independent risk factor for complications during DBS procedures. Monitored anesthesia care using propofol seems to be a safe technique for DBS procedures; however, dexmedetomidine can also be used.
Learning to Classify Ordinal Data: The Data Replication Method

Classification of ordinal data is one of the most important tasks of relation learning. This paper introduces a new machine learning paradigm specifically intended for classification problems where the classes have a natural order. The technique reduces the problem of classifying ordered classes to the standard two-class problem. The introduced method is then mapped into support vector machines and neural networks. Generalization bounds of the proposed ordinal classifier are also provided. An experimental study with artificial and real data sets, including an application to gene expression analysis, verifies the usefulness of the proposed approach.
Mining Version Control System for Automatically Generating Commit Comment

Commit comments increasingly receive attention as an important complementary component in code change comprehension. To address the comment scarcity issue, a variety of automatic approaches for commit comment generation have been intensively proposed. However, most of these approaches mechanically outline a superficial level summary of the changed software entities, the change intent behind the code changes is lost (e.g., the existing approaches cannot generate such comment: "fixing null pointer exception"). Considering the comments written by developers often describe the intent behind the code change, we propose a method to automatically generate commit comment by reusing the existing comments in version control system. Specifically, for an input commit, we apply syntax, semantic, pre-syntax, and pre-semantic similarities to discover the similar commits from half a million commits, and recommend the reusable comments to the input commit from the ones of the similar commits. We evaluate our approach on 7 projects. The results show that 9.1% of the generated comments are good, 27.7% of the generated comments need minor fix, and 63.2% are bad, and we also analyze the reasons that make a comment available or unavailable.
Supraspinatus tendon overuse results in degenerative changes to tendon insertion region and adjacent humeral cartilage in a rat model

The etiology of rotator cuff tendon overuse injuries is still not well understood. Furthermore, how this overuse injury impacts other components of the glenohumeral joint, including nearby articular cartilage, is also unclear. Therefore, this study sought to better understand the time course of tendon protease activity in a rat model of supraspinatus overuse, as well as determine effects of 10 weeks of overuse on humeral head articular cartilage. For these studies, multiplex gelatin zymography was used to characterize protease activity profiles in tendon and cartilage, while histological scoring/mechanical testing and micro‐computed tomography (μCT) imaging were used to quantify structural damage in the supraspinatus tendon insertion and humeral articular cartilage, respectively. Histological scoring of supraspinatus tendon insertions revealed tendinopathic cellular and collagen fiber changes after 10 weeks of overuse when compared to controls, while mechanical testing revealed no significant differences between tensile moduli (overuse: 24.5 ± 11.5 MPa; control: 16.3 ± 8.7 MPa). EPIC‐μCT imaging on humeral articular cartilage demonstrated significant cartilage thinning (overuse: 119.6 ± 6.34 μm; control: 195.4 ± 13.4μm), decreased proteoglycan content (overuse: 2.1 ± 0.18 cm−1; control: 1.65 ± 0.14 cm−1), and increased subchondral bone thickness (overuse: 216.2 ± 10.9 μm; control: 192 ± 17.8μm) in the overuse animals. Zymography results showed no significant upregulation of cathepsins or matrix metalloproteinases in tendon or cartilage at 2 or 10 weeks of overuse compared to controls. These results have further elucidated timing of protease activity over 10 weeks and suggest that damage occurs to other tissues in addition to the supraspinatus tendon in this overuse injury model. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1910–1918, 2017.
Dynamic upper airway imaging during awake respiration in normal subjects and patients with sleep disordered breathing.

The effects of respiration on upper airway caliber were studied using cine computed tomography (CT) in 15 normal subjects, 14 snorer/mildly apneic subjects, and 13 patients with obstructive sleep apnea. All subjects were scanned in the supine position during awake nasal breathing. Eight-millimeter-thick axial slices were obtained at four anatomic levels from the nasopharynx to the retroglossal region every 0.4 s during a respiratory cycle. Tidal volume measured from an integrated pneumotachograph signal was correlated with slice acquisition during inspiration and expiration to generate loops comparing upper airway area and tidal volume. In all three subject groups and at all anatomic levels studied, there were significant dimensional changes in upper airway caliber during the respiratory cycle. The major findings in this investigation include: (1) the upper airway was significantly smaller in apneic than normal subjects, especially at the retropalatal low and retroglossal anatomic levels; in apneic patients the airway had an anterior-posterior configuration unlike the normal airway, which had a horizontal configuration with the major axis in the lateral direction; (2) in all three subject groups, little airway narrowing occurred in inspiration, suggesting that the action of the upper airway dilator muscles balanced the effects of negative intraluminal pressure. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Iqmt: A Framework for Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation

We present the IQMT Framework for Machine Translation Evaluation Inside QARLA. IQMT offers a common workbench in which existing evaluation metrics can be utilized and combined. It provides i) a measure to evaluate the quality of any set of similarity metrics (KING), ii) a measure to evaluate the quality of a translation using a set of similarity metrics (QUEEN), and iii) a measure to evaluate the reliability of a test set (JACK). The first release of the IQMT package is freely available for public use. Current version includes a set of 26 metrics from 7 different well-known metric families, and allows the user to supply its own metrics. For future releases, we are working on the design of new metrics that are able to capture linguistic aspects of translation beyond lexical ones.
Bare-metal, virtual machines and containers in OpenStack

Cloud computing is an on-demand access model for computing resources most notably embodied by the OpenStack project. As of release Liberty, OpenStack supports provisioning Bare-metal, Virtual machine (VM) and container based hosts. These different hosts incur different overheads. Consequently, the main goal of this paper is to empirically quantify that overhead through a series of experiments. The following drivers are leveraged in this process: Ironic for Bare-metal or Metal as a Service (MaaS), nova-compute for VM-based hosts, and nova-docker for Docker based containers. We make use of a private-cloud in order to compare the different options. This cloud is then used to compare the different hosts in terms of performance (CPU, networking, disk I/O and RAM) by using various open-source benchmarking tools. We also measure boot-up times. The output of these benchmarks is collected and results are compared. In this paper we discuss our learnings as well as the different configurations and fine-tuning that we implemented. As a result, we provide a set of recommendations based on the advantages and disadvantages of each host in present and future cloud deployments.
Identifying and Profiling Key Sellers in Cyber Carding Community: AZSecure Text Mining System

Abstract The past few years have witnessed millions of credit/debit cards flowing through the underground economy and ultimately causing significant financial loss. Examining key underground economy sellers has both practical and academic significance for cybercrime forensics and criminology research. Drawing on social media analytics, we have developed the AZSecure text mining system for identifying and profiling key sellers. The system identifies sellers using sentiment analysis of customer reviews and profiles sellers using topic modeling of advertisements. We evaluated the AZSecure system on eight international underground economy forums. The system significantly outperformed all benchmark machine-learning methods on identifying advertisement threads, classifying customer review sentiments, and profiling seller characteristics, with an average F-measure of about 80 percent to 90 percent. In our case study, we identified the famous carder, Rescator, who was affiliated with the Target breach, and captured important seller characteristics in terms of product type, payment options, and contact channels. Our research leverages social media analytics to probe into the underground economy in order to help law enforcement target key sellers and prevent future fraud. It also contributes to our understanding of the use of information technology in detecting deception in online systems.
An Efficient Algorithm to Integrate Network and Attribute Data for Gene Function Prediction

Label propagation methods are extremely well-suited for a variety of biomedical prediction tasks based on network data. However, these algorithms cannot be used to integrate feature-based data sources with networks. We propose an efficient learning algorithm to integrate these two types of heterogeneous data sources to perform binary prediction tasks on node features (e.g., gene prioritization, disease gene prediction). Our method, LMGraph, consists of two steps. In the first step, we extract a small set of "network features" from the nodes of networks that represent connectivity with labeled nodes in the prediction tasks. In the second step, we apply a simple weighting scheme in conjunction with linear classifiers to combine these network features with other feature data. This two-step procedure allows us to (i) learn highly scalable and computationally efficient linear classifiers, (ii) and seamlessly combine feature-based data sources with networks. Our method is much faster than label propagation which is already known to be computationally efficient on large-scale prediction problems. Experiments on multiple functional interaction networks from three species (mouse, y, C.elegans) with tens of thousands of nodes and hundreds of binary prediction tasks demonstrate the efficacy of our method.
ON ROAD VEHICLE / OBJECT DETECTION AND TRACKING USING TEMPLATE

Vehicle tracking and detection plays an important role in traffic surveillance, still a crucial task in many applications. Till now, there is no standard method developed. Template matching is one of the methods used for vehicle detection and tracking. There are several researchers and developers worked on this area. Robust and reliable vehicle detection is a critical step of vehicle recognition. This paper presents a review of recent template matching methods for detection and tracking of vehicle. Our focus is on systems where the camera is mounted on the vehicle and being fixed such as in traffic/driveway monitoring systems. We discuss the general template matching followed by problem of on-road vehicle detection using template matching. Also, discuss vehicle recognition through number plate and ways. Finally, we present a critical overview of the methods discussed, and we assess their potential for future deployment, and we present directions for future research.