Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Verified Subtyping with Traits and Mixins

Traits allow decomposing programs into smaller parts and mixins are a form of composition that resemble multiple inheritance. Unfortunately, in the presence of traits, programming languages like Scala give up on subtyping relation between objects. In this paper, we present a method to check subtyping between objects based on entailment in separation logic. We implement our method as a domain specific language in Scala and apply it on the Scala standard library. We have verified that 67% of mixins used in the Scala standard library do indeed conform to subtyping between the traits that are used to build them.
Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Autophagy of T Cells in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Transfer of Mitochondria

Aberrant autophagy played an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, especially in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we showed that T cells from SLE patients had higher autophagic activity than that from healthy controls. A correlation between autophagic activity and apoptotic rate was observed in activated T cells. Moreover, activation of autophagy with rapamycin increased T cell apoptosis, whereas inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA decreased T cell apoptosis. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) could inhibit respiratory mitochondrial biogenesis in activated T cells to downregulate autophagy and consequently decrease T cell apoptosis through mitochondrial transfer and thus may play an important role in SLE treatment.
Development of the reflective practice questionnaire: preliminary findings

Abstract This study introduces a new reflective practice questionnaire (RPQ) that can be used to assess self-reported measures for investigating the experiences, benefits, and potential pitfalls of reflective practice and reflective supervision. This questionnaire sets itself apart from previous self-report measures of reflective practice by the ability to administer to individuals working in any service industry (e.g. psychology, nursing, education, and others). This will allow for future investigations that can compare and contrast across different contexts and professions. This will further the understanding of how reflective practice impacts those engaged with the process. The present study provides preliminary evaluation of the questionnaire with samples from the general public (Study 1), and mental health practitioners (Study 2). The questionnaire includes a number of short four-item sub-scales for evaluating reflective practice including: reflective-inaction; reflective-on-action; reflective with others self-appraisal; desire for improvement; confidence (general); confidence (communication); uncertainty; stress interacting with clients; and job satisfaction. A six-item attitude towards reflective supervision scale is also included in the research. Results suggest that reflective practice can foster confidence and further a desire for self-improvement. However, results also indicate how reflective practice might increase uncertainty and stress in some individuals. Study 2 reveals that a more positive appraisal of reflective supervision is associated with greater selfreported reflection, desire for improvement, and confidence.
CONTINUOUS DYNAMIC NETWORK LOADING MODELS 1

The dynamic network equilibrium models have a renewed interest in Europe, Japan and North America. This is due to the design and implementation of Advanced Transport Telematic (ATT) systems require of network models which may evaluate dynamically such actions. The main modeling approaches for the dynamic network equilibrium are: Aggregated macroscopic models in which traffic flows are regarded in an aggregated way as a fluid and microscopic approaches in which it is tried to understand the behavior of the system by modeling the individual vehicles. See Barceló (1998) for a overview of some currently used microscopic traffic simulators. Daganzo (1995) considers that a basic theory of macroscopic traffic models for networks in the context of dynamic assignment would have to include a the least realistic models of: 1. Traffic behavior when the vehicle paths are known. This sub model is known as the dynamic network loading problem (DNLP) and consists of finding temporal arc volumes, arc travel times and path travel times given time-dependent path flow rates for a given time period. 2. Path choice when the time-varying arc times are known. 3. Equilibrium to reconcile the predictions items 1 and 2. The macroscopic models for DNLP can be classified according to several criterion (see Wu (1998)). In this paper we consider two categories defined by whether arc exit functions are used or not: 1. Travel time function models (Astarita (1996), Ran and Boyce (1996), Wu (1998), Xu (1999)). These approaches assume that the travel time from the beginning to the end of an arc of the network can be expressed as an increasing function of the flow on
Constructing and exploiting an automatically annotated resource of legislative texts

In this paper, we report on the construction of a resource of Swiss legislative texts that is automatically annotated with structural, morphosyntactic and content-related information, and we discuss the exploitation of this resource for the purposes of legislative drafting, legal linguistics and translation and for the evaluation of legislation. Our resource is based on the classified compilation of Swiss federal legislation. All texts contained in the classified compilation exist in German, French and Italian, some of them are also available in Romansh and English. Our resource is currently being exploited (a) as a testing environment for developing methods of automated style checking for legislative drafts, (b) as the basis of a statistical multilingual word concordance, and (c) for the empirical evaluation of legislation. The paper describes the domain- and language-specific procedures that we have implemented to provide the automatic annotations needed for these applications.
Transient sensing of liquid films in microfluidic channels with optofluidic microresonators

We demonstrate that optical ring resonators can be used as time-resolved refractive index sensors embedded in microfluidic channels. The nanophotonic structures are integrated into soft silicone microchannels interfaced with a transparent hard polymer manifold and standard microfluidic connections. The steady-state sensitivity, resolution and detection limit of the sensors are characterized using aqueous saline solutions at various concentrations. Time-resolved measurements are performed by sensing thin liquid films (0–400 nm) associated with oil/water segmented flow in microfluidic channels. The influence of the interrogation wavelength is investigated, and the optimal wavelength is determined. Millisecond resolution is demonstrated by sensing the shape of a single drop as it flows past the sensor. Finally, the film thickness between the droplet and the resonator is measured for different capillary numbers and channel diameters, and compared with existing theoretical and experimental results.
Electrostatically-tuned Optical Filter Based on Silicon Bragg Reflectors

A tunable Fabry-Perot cavity composed of two Bragg mirrors is realized using enhanced deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process. Filter tuning is achieved by moving one of the mirrors using a high resolution electrostatic actuator over SOI. Measured filter response in C&L bands is presented
Perceived meaningfulness in life: a matter of what makes life meaningful

The existential psychology’s concern with the feeling of meaningfulness in life forms the basis for the present study aiming to investigate the relationship between perceived meaningfulness, and search for meaningfulness in life, and level of conformity. An online survey was distributed to employees at a university in Sweden, and included two questionnaires; the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) and the Concern for Appropriateness (CFA) questionnaire. One hundred and two respondents completed the survey. CFA was found to significantly correlate with MLQ-Presence (r = -.456 p = <.001) and MLQ-Search (r = .307 p = .002). The present study found that the feeling of present meaningfulness was significantly lower among those who cared more about fitting into others´ norms concerning how to behave.
Leadership at School and the Formation of Character Skills

We analyze whether engagement as class representative affects the character skill formation in adolescents. To estimate the c.p. effect we combine a stratified propensity score matching approach with a flexible regression adjustment exploiting data form the GSOEP. We use different tests to check the plausibility and quality of our estimation strategy. Our findings are in line with the hypothesis that leadership experience during school time positively affects the development of character skills.
Integrating Defect Estimation Methods to Make Release Decisions

This paper describes an integrated method using various techniques to improve testing efficiency. It uses several empirical techniques (capture-recapture methods, an experience-based method, and a selection method for software reliability growth models) and describes ways to combine the defect estimates obtained to make release decisions. Results of a case study applying the integration method to project data from a large software product from industry demonstrate that the integrated method can improve the efficiency of system test. Based on post-release data and interviews with the test manager, the method recommended the right release decisions using estimations of remaining defect content.
The Use of Picture Word Inductive Model in Teaching Writing Descriptive Text

The aim of this research was to find out the effectiveness of Picture Word Inductive Model in teaching writing descriptive text to the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 8 Pontianak in academic year 2016/2017. The researcher used pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. The research population is 190 students. The sample of this research was class VIIIA that consisted of 32 students which was chosen by using cluster random sampling. The tool of data collecting was writing test. The research findings showed that the mean score of the pre-test was 59.72 and the mean score of post-test was 78.72. Moreover, the effect size result was 2.30. This result was more than 0.80 (ES > 0.8) which categorized as high effect size. It proved that teaching writing descriptive text using Picture Word Inductive Model gives a strong significant effect to improve students' writing achievement.
The Dynamic Behaviour of Canadian Imports and the Linear-Quadratic Model: Evidence Based on the Euler Equation

We examine the ability of the simple linear-quadratic model under rational expectations to explain dynamic behaviour of aggregate Canadian imports. In contrast to authors of previous studies who examine dynamic behaviour using the LQ model, we estimate the structural parameters using the Euler equation in a limited information framework that does not require an explicit solution for the model's control variables in terms of the exogenous forcing variables. In the first stage of our two-step methodology, we find statistically stable long-run elasticities of domestic activity and relative price to be about 1.5 and -0.5 over the sample period of estimation. In the second stage, we use the parameter estimates from the first stage and estimate the Euler equation. These empirical estimates imply that adjustment costs are about 9 to 13 times more important than disequilibrium costs. In sum, we find surprisingly encouraging evidence supporting the view that the LQ model is not inconsistent with the dynamic behaviour of Canadian aggregate imports.
Reading between lines: high-rate, non-intrusive visual codes within regular videos via ImplicitCode

Given the penetration of mobile devices equipped with cameras, there has been increasing interest in enabling user interaction via visual codes. Simple examples like QR Codes abound. Since many codes like QR Codes are visually intrusive, various mechanisms have been explored to design visual codes that can be hidden inside regular images or videos, though the capacity of these codes remains low to ensure invisibility. We argue, however, that high capacity while maintaining invisibility would enable a vast range of applications that embed rich contextual information in video screens. To this end, we propose ImplicitCode, a high-rate visual codes that can be hidden inside regular videos. Our scheme combines existing techniques to achieve invisibility. However, we show that these techniques, when employed individually, are too constraining to deliver a high capacity. Experiment results show that ImplicitCode can deliver a significant capacity boost over two recent schemes, up to 12x that of HiLight [19] and 6x or 7x that of InFrame [32], while maintaining a similar or better level of invisibility.
Incremental Multi-manifold Out-of-Sample Data Prediction

A lot of manifold learning algorithms have been developed, which are used to learn a low dimensional model on a manifold representing large numbers of data in high dimensionality. Multi-manifold learning algorithms have also been put forward to provide a compact representation when these data come from different classes, with different intrinsic dimensionalities. However, when unseen data samples are added to the data set, the necessity of retraining becomes a barrier to the application of multi-manifold learning algorithms as preprocessing step in predictive modeling. In this paper, an incremental out-of-sample data low dimensional coordinates prediction approach is proposed to solve the out-of-sample data problem for multi-manifold. The algorithm can learn a global low dimensional structure with randomly sampled data from each class in the first step, and can compute the low dimensional coordinates on the corresponding manifold for each new coming data effectively. The algorithm is evaluated using both synthetic and real-world datasets and the results are shown both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Assertion Checkers in Verification, Silicon Debug and In-Field Diagnosis

Assertion based design, and more specifically, assertion based verification (ABV) is quickly gaining wide acceptance in the design community. Assertions are mainly targeted at functional verification during the design and verification phases. In this paper, we concentrate on the use of assertions in post-fabrication silicon debug. We develop tools that efficiently generate the checkers from assertions, for their inclusion in the debug phase. We also detail how a checker generator can be used as a means of circuit design for certain portions of self test circuits, and more generally the design of monitoring circuits. Efficient subset partitioning of checkers for a dedicated fixed-size reprogrammable logic area is developed for efficient use of dedicated debug hardware
Analysis of multiple aspects of a repeated signal: power and rate of rapping during shell fights in hermit crabs

Repeated activities used by animals during contests are assumed to act as signals advertising the quality of the sender. However, their exact functions are not well understood and observations fit only a limited set of the predictions made by models of signaling systems. Experimental studies of contest behavior tend to focus on analysis of the rate of signaling, but individual performances may also vary in magnitude. Both of these features can vary between outcomes and within contests. We examined changes in the rate and power of shell rapping during shell fights in hermit crabs. We show that both rate and power decline during the course of the encounter and that the duration of pauses between bouts of shell rapping increases with an index of the total effort put into each bout. This supports the idea that the vigor of shell rapping is regulated by fatigue and could therefore act as a signal of stamina. By examining different interacting components of this complex activity, we gain greater insight into its function than would be achieved by investigating a single aspect in isolation. Copyright 2003.
The Role and Place of "Commodity Fetishism" in Marx’s Systematic-dialectical Exposition in Capital

This article aims to contribute to the literature on Marx’s systematic-dialectical method through a critical reading and discussion of the significance and presentational ‘architecture’ of the section on commodity fetishism in the dialectical sequence of form-determinations in Capital . In order to undertake this task, the paper firstly explores the content and expositional structure of the first three sections of Chapter 1 of Capital . This sets the stage for a methodologically-minded close examination of Marx’s presentation of the fetish character of the commodity, which shows that there is a precise systematic sequence which gives unity to the flow of his argument within the section on ‘The Fetishism of the Commodity and its Secret’. The conclusion is that only through a proper grasp of the dialectical method can the full systematic significance and implications of Marx’s account of commodity fetishism be uncovered.
Outage analysis of coded cooperation with two relays and Nakagami-m fading

In this paper we examine the outage behavior of a coded cooperative system for independent, flat Nakagami-m fading channels. For this generalized form of fading statistics, we derive a closed form solution for outage probability constrained on instantaneous received power. We further find, analytically, the critical cooperation ratio at which total outage probability is minimum.
SweeD: Likelihood-Based Detection of Selective Sweeps in Thousands of Genomes

The advent of modern DNA sequencing technology is the driving force in obtaining complete intra-specific genomes that can be used to detect loci that have been subject to positive selection in the recent past. Based on selective sweep theory, beneficial loci can be detected by examining the single nucleotide polymorphism patterns in intraspecific genome alignments. In the last decade, a plethora of algorithms for identifying selective sweeps have been developed. However, the majority of these algorithms have not been designed for analyzing whole-genome data. We present SweeD (Sweep Detector), an open-source tool for the rapid detection of selective sweeps in whole genomes. It analyzes site frequency spectra and represents a substantial extension of the widely used SweepFinder program. The sequential version of SweeD is up to 22 times faster than SweepFinder and, more importantly, is able to analyze thousands of sequences. We also provide a parallel implementation of SweeD for multi-core processors. Furthermore, we implemented a checkpointing mechanism that allows to deploy SweeD on cluster systems with queue execution time restrictions, as well as to resume long-running analyses after processor failures. In addition, the user can specify various demographic models via the command-line to calculate their theoretically expected site frequency spectra. Therefore, (in contrast to SweepFinder) the neutral site frequencies can optionally be directly calculated from a given demographic model. We show that an increase of sample size results in more precise detection of positive selection. Thus, the ability to analyze substantially larger sample sizes by using SweeD leads to more accurate sweep detection. We validate SweeD via simulations and by scanning the first chromosome from the 1000 human Genomes project for selective sweeps. We compare SweeD results with results from a linkage-disequilibrium-based approach and identify common outliers.
Building Linked Open Data of Life Science Dictionary

There is a growing need for efficient and integrated access to databases provided by diverse institutions. Using a linked data design pattern allows the diverse data on the Internet to be linked effectively and accessed efficiently by computers. In addition, providing a dictionary to translate words into another language in Resource Description Framework (RDF) is useful to cross a language barrier such as English and Japanese when we want to access datasets in multiple languages. Here, we built a Linked Open Dataset of the Life Science Dictionary (LSD) with links to DBpedia. LSD consists of various lexical resources including English-Japanese / Japanese-English dictionaries and a thesaurus using the MeSH vocabulary. The latest version of LSD contains 110 thousand English and 120 thousand Japanese terms. Since we believe that LSD is a useful language resource in the life science domain to process Japanese and English text data seamlessly, linking LSD to DBpedia enables us to find related knowledge more easily and therefore contributes to the life science research community.
Concatenated Systems and Cross-Layer Design

With high data rate wireless communications networks, new applications relying on high quality audio, video or control become viable. Examples of such applications are remote tele-medicine, collision avoidance systems, and audio/video entertainment at CD/DVD quality. These applications all demand high data rates, but have different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements in terms of reliability and latency. Currently, mobile communications networks have only limited provisions for QoS implementation and control. The conventional functionality separation in network design may be inhibiting effective implementation of guaranteed QoS. In this paper, we propose and review a system design paradigm based on concatenated system models and iterative signal processing. The novelty of the paradigm is to propagate methodologies of physical layer design across disciplinary boundaries within wireless network design in a bottom-up cross-layer approach. The paper is tutorial in nature, promoting the new view through presenting a series of examples of successful application of concatenated systems design from the physical and link layers. The purpose of the paper is to inspire new research directions.
Defining What Matters When Preserving Web-Based Personal Digital Collections: Listening to Bloggers

User-generated content (UGC) has become a part of personal digital collections on the Web, as such collections often contain personal memories, activities, thoughts and even profiles. With the increase in the creation of personal materials on the Web, the needs for archiving and preserving these materials are increasing, not only for the purpose of developing personal archives but also for the purpose of capturing social memory and tracking human traces in this era. Using both survey and interview methods, this study investigated blogs, one popular type of UGC, and analyzed travel bloggers’ perceptions of the value of blogs and the elements of blogs that are important for preservation. The study respondents found personal and sentimental value (e.g., a way to express themselves, a way to keep personal memories and thoughts, and a way to maintain a record for their family) to be the most important reason for preserving blogs, followed by informational value and cultural/historical value. Sharing also appeared as one of the values that respondents found in their blogs. The respondents reported that self-created blog posts (content) and information related to the blog posts (context) are more important to preserve than some other elements (behavior and appearance). Integrating what bloggers consider as most valuable and what archivists think are worth preserving may be an important step when collecting personal blogs.