Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eye Movements during Art Appreciation by Students Taking a Photo Creation Course

Previous studies have focused on the differences in the art appreciation process between individuals, and indicated that novice viewers of artworks, in comparison to experts, rarely consider the creation process of the artwork or how this may relate to style. However, behavioral changes in individuals after educational interventions have not been examined. Art education researchers claim that technical knowledge and creation experiences help novice viewers to pay attention to technical features of artwork. Therefore, an artistic photo creation course was designed and conducted to help students acquire techniques and procedural knowledge of photo creation. The present study verified whether students' viewing strategies during appreciation of photographs changed after the course. Twenty-one students participated in two sessions, viewing the same 12 photographs before and after the course. Based on the analysis of recorded eye movements, the results indicated that the students' perceptual exploration became more active with photographs containing recognizable subjects (i.e., humans and objects), and their global saccades increased when they viewed classic photography, one of the categories of photography covered in the course. Interview data after the course indicated that students became aware of the technical effects in photographs. These results suggest that students' viewing strategies may change following a course, as assessed by behavioral measures of eye movements. Further examination is needed to validate this approach to educational effect measurement.
Robust and Efficient Multirobot 3-D Mapping Merging With Octree-Based Occupancy Grids

Recent robotics applications require 3-D representations of the environments. In many cases, it is not feasible for a single robot to map the entire environment. In these cases, it is necessary for a team of robots to build maps independently and merge them into a single global map. In this paper, octree-based occupancy grids, which are currently the state-of-the-art 3-D map representation, are applied to the problem of multirobot mapping. Octrees allow large environments to be mapped efficiently, in terms of memory usage, while still providing sufficiently fine resolution where required. The main contribution of this work lies in the definition and validation of a system, which use map data from commonly mapped portions of the environment with registration techniques, such that maps are merged coherently despite measurement noise and error in the relative transformations between maps for experimental data sets. The system defined can then be used in a complete solution that is ported to mobile robots. The results demonstrate that octree occupancy grids are a suitable representation for multirobot 3-D mapping, but that the proposed techniques for improving erroneous transformation estimates between map frames allow multiple maps to be merged efficiently and robustly.
How Intrinsic Motivation is Crowded out and in

External interventions have a significant and systematic effect on preferences: Under specific conditions they crowd an individual's intrinsic motivation in or out. Rewards given or regulations applied by a principle are more likely to crowd out an agent's inner preference for a certain task. The more personal the relation between the two actors is, the more interesting the agent finds the task and the more extensive an agent's participation possibilities are. Empirical evidence supports the claim that, in many cases, agents, indeed, react to an external motivation by reducing their effort to fulfill a certain duty. This points to new limits of pricing as well as regulating, even though the price mechanism does not destroy intrinsic motivation to the same extent because it is less restrictive than regulation.
Deaf Students' Learning From Captioned Instruction: the Relationship Between the Visual and Caption Display

This study examined the relationship between and instructional effectiveness of visuals and captions in videotape/film instruction for hearing-impaired students. Captioned instruction was prepared so that the visuals and captions presented redundant information; students could obtain facts from either the captions or the pictures. Three instructional treatments were prepared and tested with both deaf and hearing elementary/junior high students: (a) visuals + captions, (b) visuals alone, and (c) captions alone. Results showed that scores of students viewing visuals + captions were significantly higher than those of students seeing either visuals or captions alone. Findings underscore the importance of visuals in deaf education and confirm the effectiveness of instruction that combines pictorial and written presentation modes. Students are able to use both visuals and print in captioned instruction, and they evidently employ a strategy that allows them to alternate between the two and utilize each to its best advantage. Results also support the similarity of visual and verbal decoding capabilities of deaf and hearing students. Although an initial subject-matter knowledge deficit led to depressed scores for deaf students in comparison with those of the hearing, the same pattern of results emerged for both groups. A particular instructional format did not specifically benefit either deaf or hearing students, and neither group displayed unique capabilities in learning from the various presentations.
Switched local schedules for diamond networks

We consider a Gaussian diamond network where a source communicates with the destination through n non-interfering half-duplex relays. We focus on half-duplex schedules that utilize only local channel state information, i.e., each relay has access to its incoming and outgoing channel realizations. We demonstrate that random independent switching, resulting in multiple listen-transmit sub cycles at each relay, while still respecting the overall locally optimal listen-transmit fractions, enables to approximately achieve at least 3/4 of the capacity of the 2-relay diamond network. With a single listen-transmit cycle, this fraction drops from 3/4 to 1/2. We also provide simulation results that point to the same fractions of capacity being retained over networks with more than 2 relays.
Towards a Clarification of the Association Between Religiosity and Life Satisfaction

Abstract Following recent contradictory findings, the present aim was to further examine the association between religiosity and life satisfaction. The Francis Scale of Attitude Towards Christianity (Francis & Stubbs, 1987) and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985) were completed by 55 (31 male and 24 female) Northern Irish adults and 141 (50 male and 91 female) Northern Irish students. Among the adult sample, a significant association was found between scores on the Francis Scale of Attitude Towards Christianity and the Satisfaction With Life Scale for both males and females. However, among the student sample, no significant association was found for either males or females. These data are consistent with previous findings with evidence that, among Northern Irish adults, but not among Northern Irish students, those with a more positive attitude towards Christianity are more satisfied with life.
Tourism and Hospitality Students' Perceptions of a Career in the Industry: A Comparison of Domestic (Australian) Students and International Students Studying in Australia

The purpose of this article is to analyse differences in the opinions of two groups, domestic (Australian) and international students, towards careers in the tourism and hospitality industry. This will ascertain if one group is more committed to a career in the industry than the other. A quantitative study investigating factors that students find important in choosing a career, as well as their perceptions of different aspects of a career in the industry, was undertaken. In total, 379 completed surveys were collected. The findings of this research show that there are significant differences between the two groups, especially when comparing the extent to which respondents believed tourism and hospitality offered the career factors that students found important. From these results it is argued that international students are more likely to believe that the tourism and hospitality industry offers the factors they find important when choosing a career. This has implications for tourism and hospitality employers in Australia as it shows that domestic graduates will be less likely to join the industry upon graduation.
The Role of Personality in Leadership: An Application of the Five-Factor Model in the Australian Military

This study investigated the relation between the five-factor model (FFM) of personality trait domains and leadership effectiveness. Ninety-nine Australian Army commissioned officers completed the NEO Personality Inventory–Revised (NEO–PI–R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) and were rated by their superior officer on the Australian Army annual leadership effectiveness evaluation schedule. Participants indicated whether they had been selected to attend a leadership promotion course at the Army Command and Staff College, widely regarded within the Army as indicative of an officer's effectiveness. It was hypothesized that leadership effectiveness would be predicted by the personality trait domains of high Conscientiousness, Openness, Agreeableness, and Extraversion and by low Neuroticism. High Conscientiousness and low Extraversion scores predicted high leadership effectiveness and the likelihood of attending the leadership promotion course. High Openness scores also predicted the likelihood of attending the promotion course. The results support the utility of the FFM in exploring the role of personality in leadership effectiveness among military leaders.
Identifying Key Concepts from EHR Notes Using Domain Adaptation

Linking electronic health records (EHRs) to relevant education materials can provide patient-centered tailored education which can potentially improve patients’ medical knowledge, self-management and clinical outcome. It is shown that EHR query generation using key concept identification improves retrieval of education materials. In this study, we explored domain adaptation approaches to improve key concept identification. Our experiments show that a 20.7% improvement in the F1 measure can be achieved by leveraging data from Wikipedia. Queries generated from the best performing approach achieved a 20.6% and 27.8% improvement over the queries generated from the baseline approach.
Interactive texture mapping

This paper describes a new approach to texture mapping. A global method to lower the distortion of the mapped image is presented; by considering a general optimization function we view the mapping as an energy-minimization process. We have constructed an interactive texture tool, which is fast and easy to use, to manipulate atlases in texture space. We present the tool’s large set of interactive operations on mapping functions. We also introduce an algorithm which automatically generates an atlas for any type of object. These techniques allow the mapping of different textures onto the same object and handle non-continuous mapping functions, needed for complicated mapped objects. CR Categories and subject descriptors: I.3. 3 [Computer Graphics] Picture/Image Generation. I.3. 7 [Computer Graphics] Graphics and Realism - Color, Shading and Texture. Additional Keywords: Texture Mapping, Texture Map Distortion, Realistic Rendering, Interaction.
European religious education teachers' perceptions of and responses to classroom diversity and their relationship to personal and professional biographies

This paper focuses on teachers of secondary level religious education in England, Estonia, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway. It presents a study of the teachers' perceptions of and responses to the diversity within their classes, in relation to their professional role and their personal and professional biographies. The study employed biographical research methods and 36 teachers were interviewed. Key findings were that, in every country, there was a clear relationship between individual teachers' personal biographies and how they responded to religious and/or cultural diversity and common cross‐national strategies for dealing with these aspects of diversity. However, socio‐cultural factors within each country (including dominant views of the relationship between religion and education) affected the ways in which the teachers perceived the diversity within their classes and there were national differences in how teachers prioritised aspects of diversity. The study concludes that if teachers of religion are to extend the range of their responses to classroom diversity, they would benefit from opportunities to reflect on the relationship between their perceptions of and responses to religious and cultural diversity, their personal biographies, and national requirements and expectations related to their professional role.
Evaluating an innovative counselling service for children of divorce

An evaluation of the first counselling service in Britain for children of divorce is reported. In a previous article, the quantitative outcomes of counselling were outlined, which included such data as the children's self-esteem and perceptions of divorce. Here the focus is on the qualitative outcomes of the counselling evaluation: namely, the children's and mother's satisfaction with the counselling, and the counsellor's opinion of its success. The conclusions of the study and their implications for practice are discussed.
Characterizing singing voice fundamental frequency trajectories

This paper evaluates the utility of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for characterizing singing voice fundamental frequency (F0) trajectories. Specifically, it focuses on the use of the 1st and 2nd DCT coefficients as approximations of slope and curvature. It also considers the impact of vocal vibrato on the DCT calculations, including the influence of segmentation on the consistency of the reported DCT coefficient values. These characterizations are useful for describing similarities in the evolution of the fundamental frequency in different notes. Such descriptors can be applied in the areas of performance analysis and singing synthesis.
High curvature two-clothoid road model estimation

Road recognition is of fundamental importance for many image understanding tasks involving cameras mounted on moving vehicles. We consider the well-known approach to road recognition based on a clothoid road model. In the case of high curvature roads this approach shows its limitations. We propose an extended road model that covers explicitly the possibility of having two different clothoid segments in the camera field of view. An algorithm estimating parameters of both clothoids and their transition point is presented and tested in a simulated environment.
Thioredoxin/Txnip: Redoxisome, as a Redox Switch for the Pathogenesis of Diseases

During the past few decades, it has been widely recognized that Reduction-Oxidation (redox) responses occurring at the intra- and extra-cellular levels are one of most important biological phenomena and dysregulated redox responses are involved in the initiation and progression of multiple diseases. Thioredoxin1 (Trx1) and Thioredoxin2 (Trx2), mainly located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, respectively, are ubiquitously expressed in variety of cells and control cellular reactive oxygen species by reducing the disulfides into thiol groups. Thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip/thioredoxin binding protein-2/vitamin D3 upregulated protein) directly binds to Trx1 and Trx2 (Trx) and inhibit the reducing activity of Trx through their disulfide exchange. Recent studies have revealed that Trx1 and Txnip are involved in some critical redox-dependent signal pathways including NLRP-3 inflammasome activation in a redox-dependent manner. Therefore, Trx/Txnip, a redox-sensitive signaling complex is a regulator of cellular redox status and has emerged as a key component in the link between redox regulation and the pathogenesis of diseases. Here, we review the novel functional concept of the redox-related protein complex, named “Redoxisome,” consisting of Trx/Txnip, as a critical regulator for intra- and extra-cellular redox signaling, involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disease, and diabetes.
Site‐Specific Immobilization of Genetically Engineered Variants of Candida antarctica Lipase B

The immobilization of proteins on solid surfaces has been a topicof intensive researc h for many years. Numerous methods have been developed to immobilize proteins for bioseparation, biosensors, diagnostictests and single-molec ule experiments. [1] With the growing need for miniaturization and parallelization, new methods are needed for the immobilization of proteins with high functional density and specificity. [2, 3] Most of the methods used so far do not allow the covalent immobilization of a protein at a well-defined position. In this study, cysteines, introduced by genetic engineering, have been used for site-specific immobilization of a model enzyme to a glass surface by means of a heterobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) spacer. [4] While PEG is used for a broad range of applications to render surfaces protein resistant, [5–7] only a few reports describe its use as a linker for attaching proteins to surfaces. [8–13] However, the use of a heterobifunctional PEG spacer would provide a protein-resistant surface displaying reactive groups for the covalent attachment of proteins in a controlled manner. In addition, the coupling of PEG to proteins has been shown to increase the stability of the protein and maintain it in an active conformation. [14] To evaluate the usefulness of this concept, Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB; EC 3.1.1.3) was used as a model enzyme. [15] CalB is an industrially important lipase that is used for various applications in bioorganic synthesis. [16] It is a 35 kDa monomer with three disulfide bridges. CalB has been immobilized on surfaces for various applications, but these methods are mainly based on the adsorption of hydrophobicor c harged amino acids to supports. [17] Site-specific immobilization of lipases would be advantageous because it has been shown that the properties of lipases depend on their orientation on a surface. [18] In this study, mutants of CalB have been prepared that display a free cysteine at a defined position on the molecule
Principal type-schemes for functional programs

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The in vivo functional neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of vibrotactile processing

Touch is a sense with which humans are able to actively explore the world around them. Primary somatosensory cortex (S1) processing has been studied to differing degrees at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels in both humans and animals. Both levels of enquiry have their advantages, but attempts to combine the two approaches are still in their infancy. One mechanism that is possibly involved in determining the reponse properties of neurons that are involved in sensory discrimination is inhibition by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Several studies have shown that inhibition is an important mechanism to “tune” the response of neurons. Recently it has become possible to measure the concentration of GABA in vivo using edited Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), whereas magnetoencephalography (MEG) offers the possibility to look at changes in neuromagnetic activation with millisecond accuracy. With these methods we aimed to establish whether in vivo non-invasive neuroimaging can elucidate the underlying neuronal mechanisms of human tactile behaviour and to determine how such findings can be integrated with what is currently known from invasive methods. Edited GABA-MRS has shown that individual GABA concentration in S1 correlates strongly with tactile frequency discrimination. MEG was used to investigate the neuromagnetic correlates of a frequency discrimination paradigm in which we induced adaptation to a 25 Hz frequency. We showed that S1 is driven by the adapting stimulus and shows that neural rhythms are modulated as a result of adaptation. This is the first time that behavioural psychophysics of tactile adaptation has been investigated using complimentary neuroimaging methods. We combined different methods to complement both physiological and behavioural studies of tactile processing in S1 to investigate the factors involved in the neural dynamics of tactile processing and we show that non-invasive studies on humans can be used to understand physiological underpinnings of somatosensory processing.
The Development and Test of the Public Speaking Competence Rubric

In response to the demand for increased accountability within the university classroom, there have been calls for a new generation of rubrics that effectively assess students' competence in several areas, including public speaking. This article describes the development, test, and factor analyses of the Public Speaking Competence Rubric (PSCR), an 11-item descriptive rubric designed to be comprehensible to audiences both inside and outside the communication discipline. Study 1, which involved an assessment by five coders of 45 speeches, revealed a complex factor structure and a need to clarify two of the items. Study 2, in which three undergraduate students and one communication faculty person coded 50 speeches, revealed a relatively simple three-factor solution. Comparison of PSCR scores with student speech grades also supported the measure's predictive validity. The last part of the paper describes the potential pedagogical and assessment applications for the PSCR, the limitations of the study, and directions for future research. Overall, the PSCR appears to be a consistent and accurate measure of public speaking ability.
Brain and Language: an overview of neuroimaging studies of bilingual language processing

Six articles combining the study of bilinguals and neuroimaging techniques are discussed. The objective is to seek for contributions from neuroimaging studies for the understanding of what goes on in the bilingual brain that processes two languages, and of what goes on, comparatively, in terms of brain activation of each language. Studies show that highly proficient bilinguals activate the same areas in the brain for both the first and second languages. This indicates that the second language becomes part of the speaker's procedural knowledge.
Securing Neighbourhood Discovery for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

We propose the use of a secure topology discovery scheme, based on certificate-less public key management, as part of a proposed secure version of the Neighbourhood Discovery Protocol (NHDP) for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks. We provide an initial evaluation of the computational cost of sending secure HELLO messages, based on an Android app deployed within a small test-bed environment.