Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hughes et al.

The Hughes et al. paper is critiqued generally and in specific areas. The weak nature of the authors’ empirical work is discussed along with their enigmatic writing and vague and incorrect use of references, and their simultaneous use of sweeping statements of opinion and narrow analytical focus. This review examines the authors’ errors regarding differential response (DR) and child safety, confusion of child safety and family risk, incorrect portrayal of DR family assessments, incomplete review and analysis of inconsistency in pathway (track) assignment, incomplete analysis of external validity, and mistaken interpretation of field experiments. A short essay on the purpose of DR is presented along with other literature which readers are encouraged to read and interpret for themselves.
Direct teaching, strategy instruction, and strategy instruction with explicit self-regulation: Effects on the composition skills and self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities.

This study extends previous research on components of effective strategy instruction operationalized in an approach referred to as self-regulated strategy development (SRSD). Comparisons were made among learning-disabled students in 4 conditions (SRSD, SRSD without goal setting and self-monitoring, direct teaching, and practice control) at posttest, generalization, and 2 maintenance probes. Normally achieving (NA) peers constituted a social validation condition. Full SRSD resulted in significantly greater schematic structure scores at generalization as compared with the other instructional conditions
Teacher team commitment, teamwork and trust: exploring associations

Purpose – To investigate relationships between teamwork, trust and teacher team commitment.Design/methodology/approach – Research has confirmed the value‐added effects of organizational commitment in terms of job performance, organizational effectiveness, and employee retention. This study focused on teacher teams as the unit of analysis, and posited associations between teamwork, viewed as team skills, trust and teacher team commitment. Data were derived from responses of elementary school teachers to an instrument including established measures of teamwork component skills, affective‐ and cognition‐based trust, and team commitment.Findings – Teamwork was found to be a significant predictor of teacher team commitment. Respondents showing higher levels of teamwork skills perceived higher levels of team commitment. Results, while not entirely confirmatory, suggested the importance of trust in the commitment equation.Research limitations/implications – This research was limited by the study sample of elemen.
Smoothing Spline ANOVA for Multivariate Bernoulli Observations With Application to Ophthalmology Data

We combine a smoothing spline analysis of variance (SS-ANOVA) model and a log-linear model to build a partly flexible model for multivariate Bernoulli data. The joint distribution conditioning on the predictor variables is estimated. The log odds ratio is used to measure the association between outcome variables. A numerical scheme based on the block one-step successive over relaxation SOR–Newton-Ralphson algorithm is proposed to obtain an approximate solution for the variational problem. We extend the generalized approximate cross validation (GACV) and the randomized GACV for choosing smoothing parameters to the case of multivariate Bernoulli responses. The randomized version is fast and stable to compute and is used to adaptively select smoothing parameters in each block onestep SOR iteration. Approximate Bayesian confidence intervals are obtained for the flexible estimates of the conditional logit functions. Simulation studies are conducted to check the performance of the proposed method, using the comparative Kullback–Leibler distance as a yardstick. Finally, the model is applied to two-eye observational data from the Beaver Dam Eye Study, to examine the association of pigmentary abnormalities and various covariates.
Genomic clustering of adaptive loci during parallel evolution of an Australian wildflower

The build‐up of the phenotypic differences that distinguish species has long intrigued biologists. These differences are often inherited as stable polymorphisms that allow the cosegregation of adaptive variation within species, and facilitate the differentiation of complex phenotypes between species. It has been suggested that the clustering of adaptive loci could facilitate this process, but evidence is still scarce. Here, we used QTL analysis to study the genetic basis of phenotypic differentiation between coastal populations of the Australian wildflower Senecio lautus. We found that a genomic region consistently governs variation in several of the traits that distinguish these contrasting forms. Additionally, some of the taxon‐specific traits controlled by this QTL cluster have evolved repeatedly during the adaptation to the same habitats, suggesting that it could mediate divergence between locally adapted forms. This cluster contains footprints of divergent natural selection across the range of S. lautus, which suggests that it could have been instrumental for the rapid diversification of this species.
Indonesia and the "Third Wave of Democratization": The Indonesian Pro-Democracy Movement in a Changing World

Processes of democratisation and the struggle for democracy have been a significant characteristic of political developments in most parts of the world during the last decade. This study examines the impact of these events on the mind and actions of those who struggle for democracy in Indonesia. Based on interviews with a large number of Indonesian pro-democracy activists as well as written material, the book contains a detailed analysis of the contemporary Indonesian pro-democracy movement and the political context in which its acts. Special attention is paid to the interesting connection between Indonesian Islam and democracy. The main focus is on how Indonesian pro-democracy actors draw lessons from events outside their country and adopt, adjust or reject foreign ideas. With its theoretical focus and detailed empirical analysis the book should be of interest for scholars and students of democracy and democratisation as well as for those who are especially interested in Indonesian politics.
Robot Systems Policies Models and Other Agents

Learning in physically embedded robots is known to be a dif cult problem due to sensory and e ector uncertainty partial observability of the robot s environment which in the multi robot case includes other robots and non stationarity of the world especially when multiple learners are involved Behavior based systems BBS have served as an e ective methodology for multiple robot control in a large number of multi robot prob lem domains As a result they have been used as the underlying control methodology for multi robot learning
Automatic Tamil Lyric Generation based on neuro-linguistics

Lyric consists of verses which can be sung as a song. Lyric is a work of a lyricist, who tries to introduce his imagination and elucidate a concept. In this work, we try to automate the process of lyric generation using computer. There are many challenges in this because lyrics need to be meaningful and semantically related to the situation. Moreover, there should be logical coherence between words in a line and between lines. The formation of poetic verses differentiate a poem from a prose. It is found that in real life generation of lyric is not only based on the input scene, but get influenced by other factors: image of the location, dialect, authors poetic style. Usually, the lyricist tries to add the dialect flavour to the lyric to give a natural feel. Unintentionally, the authors poetic style stick to the lyric, he writes. Also, we found that most of the objects found in the image were used in the lyric as simile or metaphor. Automatic generation of lyric will reduce the work of the lyricist. This project tries to add dialect, image and author based features to the lyric, so that the generated lyric becomes more sophisticated.
What can research into emotion at work tell us about researching well-being at work?

Research into emotion at work and research into well-being at work are similar in that they are both interested in people's feelings at work. However, these two fields are different in many important respects including the disciplines involved, the type of research questions addressed, the methods used, and the level of critical thinking. There is also little mutual influence across these two fields. Several reasons for the differences between the two fields are considered through exploring the motivations of researchers in each field and the history of well-being at work research. Suggestions for how well-being at work research may benefit from exploring the emotion at work field are suggested.
Modified EGSR for network security

This paper specifies and focuses on a scheme for manage the authorized nodes after distribute and manage the keys for group in ad-hoc environment i.e. the rejoining of authorized nodes in any cause of failure for acceptance of new key from the round leader. It is applied to the Secure OLSR Protocol. This problem loses the group management efficiency. The overall objective of this paper is to make the authorized nodes again as the part of that group by implement the way re-routing utilizing enhanced path. Re-routing based hybrid ACO-PSO based algorithm to check where failure is discovered timeout met in the developed way with modified EGSR version there is increase in the efficiency and routing security due to re-joining of authorized node and decrease in delay and power consumption due to threshold value.
Structural antecedents and psychological correlates of teacher empowerment

Empowered teachers participate in critical decisions that directly affect teaching and learning. Empowering work environments may enhance professionalism, facilitate teacher leadership, improve the quality of work life, and enable effective implementation of school reform. Process‐based views of empowerment suggest associations between school organizational structures and teacher empowerment, while psychological perspectives on empowerment suggest potential relationships between the phenomenon and cognitive and affective outcomes. Empowerment is considered in terms of teams and teamwork in schools, and relationships between empowerment and commitment to the school are examined.
Correlations Between Personality, Affective and Filial Self-Efficacy Beliefs, and Psychological Well-Being in a Sample of Italian Adolescents

Adolescence is a critical period for the emergence of a balanced personality in adults. Extraversion, neuroticism, and affective self-efficacy beliefs in emotion regulation showed to be good predictors of psychological well-being in adolescents. We analyzed the association between affective self-efficacy beliefs, personality traits, and psychological well-being of 179 Italian adolescents. We also analyzed the connection between adolescents’ filial self-efficacy beliefs and psychological well-being and possible moderating effects of self-efficacy beliefs on personality traits. Results show that extraversion, neuroticism, and self-efficacy beliefs in emotion regulation are correlated with psychological well-being, while filial self-efficacy does not. Self-efficacy beliefs do not show significant moderating effects on personality traits, even if self-efficacy beliefs in expressing positive emotions reduce negative characteristics of individuals with high level of psychoticism.
Structure of the 2,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone dioxygenase from Alcaligenes sp. 4HAP

The first X-ray structure of a 2,4′-dihydroxyacetophenone dioxygenase from Alcaligenes sp. 4HAP at a resolution of 2.2 Å is reported. This structure establishes that the enzyme adopts the cupin-fold, forming compact dimers with a pronounced hydrophobic interface between the monomers. Each monomer possesses a catalytic ferrous iron that is coordinated by three histidines (76, 78 and 114) and an additional ligand which has been putatively assigned as a carbonate, although formate and acetate are possibilities.
Inpatient Hospitalization Costs Associated with Birth Defects Among Persons of All Ages — United States, 2013

In the United States, major structural or genetic birth defects affect approximately 3% of live births (1) and are responsible for 20% of infant deaths (2). Birth defects can affect persons across their lifespan and are the cause of significant lifelong disabilities. CDC used the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) 2013 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a 20% stratified sample of discharges from nonfederal community hospitals, to estimate the annual cost of birth defect-associated hospitalizations in the United States, both for persons of all ages and by age group. Birth defect-associated hospitalizations had disproportionately high costs, accounting for 3.0% of all hospitalizations and 5.2% of total hospital costs. The estimated annual cost of birth defect-associated hospitalizations in the United States in 2013 was $22.9 billion. Estimates of the cost of birth defect-associated hospitalizations offer important information about the impact of birth defects among persons of all ages on the overall health care system and can be used to prioritize prevention, early detection, and care.
Families of Markov models for document image segmentation

In this paper we compare several directed and undirected graphical models for different image segmentation problems in the domain of document image processing and analysis. We show that adapting the structure of the model to specific sitations at hand, for instance character restoration, recto/verso separation and segmenting high resolution character images, can significantly improve segmentation performance. We propose inference algorithms for the different models and we test them on different data sets (manuscripts and printed text of different qualities).
Functional characterization of calcium-sensing receptor mutations expressed in human embryonic kidney cells.

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that plays a key role in extracellular calcium ion homeostasis. We have engineered 11 CaR mutants that have been described in the disorders familial benign hypercalcemia (FBH), neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT), and autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH), and studied their function by characterizing intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i transients in response to varying concentrations of extracellular calcium [Ca2+]o or gadolinium [Gd3+]o. The wild type receptor had an EC50 for calcium (EC50[Ca2+]o) (the value of [Ca2+]o producing half of the maximal increase in [Ca2+]i) of 4.0 mM (+/- 0.1 SEM). However, five missense mutations associated with FBH or NSHPT, (P55L, N178D, P221S, R227L, and V817I) had significantly higher EC50[Ca2+]os of between 5.5 and 9.3 mM (all P < 0.01). Another FBH mutation, Y218S, had an EC50[Ca2+]o of > 50 mM but had only a mildly attenuated response to gadolinium, while the FBH mutations, R680C and P747fs, were unresponsive to either calcium or gadolinium. In contrast, three mutations associated with ADH, (F128L, T151M, and E191K), showed significantly reduced EC50[Ca2+]os of between 2.2 and 2.8 mM (all P < 0.01). These findings provide insights into the functional domains of the CaR and demonstrate that mutations which enhance or reduce the responsiveness of the CaR to [Ca2+]o cause the disorders ADH, FBH, and NSHPT, respectively.
The Emergence of Zipf's Law: Spontaneous Encoding Optimization by Users of a Command Language

The distribution of commands issued by experienced users of a computer operating system allowing command customization tends to conform to Zipf's law. This result documents the emergence of a statistical property of natural language as users master an artificial language. Analysis of Zipf's law by Mandelbrot and Cherry shows that its emergence in the computer interaction of experienced users may be interpreted as evidence that these users optimize their encoding of commands. Accordingly, the extent to which users of a command language exhibit Zipf's law can provide a metric of the naturalness and efficiency with which that language is used.
Spatial distribution of the inlinks to the Beijing tourist attractions' websites

This paper presents the results of an investigation into spatial distribution of hyperlinks to the Beijing tourist attractions' official websites. The purpose of this study is to assess whether the hyperlink in the Web could be used to do tourism research. Through this study, the simple inlink count to a tourist attraction's official website was found to highly correlate with the number of the tourist attraction's visitors. This suggests that the inlink count could indicate the attractiveness of a tourist attraction. Further study gives some evidence that spatial distribution of all the inlinks to the Beijing tourist attractions' official websites could reflect the distribution, by country, of the attractiveness of Beijing as a tourist destination.
An Assessment of the Mental Health of Street-Based Sex Workers in Chennai, India

Prostitution, which is considered a public-order crime in India, is a way of life and employment for a large number of Indian women. Most choose prostitution for a living, in the absence of other opportunities for employment. The psychological costs of prostitution, however, are high. Violence against sex workers is common and is believed to affect their psychological well-being in general and affective disorders in particular. To date, little empirical research on this subject exists. This cross-sectional study attempts to fill this gap in the literature by investigating the relationship between workplace violence and mental health among sex workers in Chennai (formerly Madras), India. The study analyzes the social pathways to depression and suicidal ideations and found that workplace violence was the key variable that predicted higher depression scores. The article concludes that this group of marginalized women has major mental health needs that are currently unidentified and unmet.
Psycho-social risks at work: stress and coping strategies in oncology nurses.

OBJECTIVE to identify sources of stress and coping strategies in nurses who work in three Head and Neck Surgery Oncology Services, in three central hospitals in Portugal. METHOD a cross-sectional descriptive-exploratory study, whose sample was made up of the 96 nurses from the three services. The following were used in the data collection: a socio-demographic questionnaire; the 12-item General Health Questionnaire; and the Occupational Stress Inventory; Brief COPE. RESULTS reasonable levels of general health were ascertained. The most-mentioned stressors were: burden with work; low pay; the physical space where they work; emotionally-disturbing situations and lack of recognition of the profession. The most-used coping strategies were: planning; active coping; acceptance and self-distraction. CONCLUSION the stressors identified are mainly related to organizational aspects and work conditions, and the coping strategies chosen are aimed at resolving problems and improving the nurses’ well-being. A significant percentage of the nurses presents high levels of pressure and depressed emotions. The results presented corroborate previous studies which warn of the importance of developing strategies for preventing these stress levels.
Developmental analysis of Lingo‐1/Lern1 protein expression in the mouse brain: Interaction of its intracellular domain with Myt1l

Lingo‐1 (also known as Lern1) is a component of the Nogo receptor complex that mediates intracellular signaling in response to myelin associated inhibitors (MAIs): NogoA, MAG, and Omgp. Signaling through Nogo receptor extends to more than its well known role in preventing axon regeneration after lesion in the CNS, being implicated in neuronal functional maturation. Using Lingo‐1‐deficient mice, it has been demonstrated that Lingo‐1 plays relevant roles in oligodendrocyte differentiation during brain development, and that treatment with Lingo‐1 antagonists can improve axon regeneration after lesion in adult mice by decreasing MAI mediated signaling. However, a detailed description of the pattern of expression of Lingo‐1 protein in correlation with the other partners of Nogo receptor is missing. Here, we show that components of the Nogo receptor complex, Lingo‐1, NgR1, p75, and TROY coexist in mouse brain in a defined time window only at later postnatal stages. We have also determined the Lingo‐1 distribution showing expression in particular subsets of neurons, but not in myelinating mature oligodendrocytes. Surprisingly, Lingo‐1 is expressed at early developmental stages without NgR1, which supports the notion that Lingo‐1 may participate in other activities in developing neurons different from oligodendrocyte maturation or axon extension inhibition in the adult. Finally, we propose that the intracellular domain of Lingo‐1 contributes to signaling and show that it interacts with the postmitotic neuronal specific zinc finger protein Myt1l, suggesting that Lingo‐1 may regulate Myt1l transcription factor activity by affecting its subcellular localization. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 2008
Gender Role Beliefs and Parents’ Support for Athletic Participation

Pay-to-play fees in public schools place more support for sport participation in the hands of parents; this may disproportionately affect the ability of girls to garner the benefits of sports. Using an online survey of a national sample of parents (N = 814), we examined the relationship between parents’ gender role beliefs, parents’ beliefs about the benefits and monetary value of sports, and the types of sports their daughters play. The results indicate that parents placed somewhat greater value on sport for sons, than for daughters, both ideologically and financially. Gender role beliefs played a small, but significant role, in shaping parents’ beliefs about their daughters’ involvement in sport, and the types of sports their daughters play.
The place of play: from playground to policy to classroom well-being

In 2010 the Provincial Government of Ontario, Canada introduced a new play-based learning curriculum. Educational stakeholders (i.e. teachers, early childhood educators and student teachers) have been charged with the task of implementing the play-based curriculum, which upholds children's fundamental right to play, as a means to health and well-being. In this paper, we examine educator's experiences with the new play-based curriculum in Toronto, ON, Canada's largest city. While we found that a play-based curriculum has been championed with respect to health and well-being in educational policy, there are many challenges integrating play into teaching practices, especially in an era of standardized testing. We conclude that while there are benefits to play-based learning for children's health, it is important to further investigate whether current iterations of play-based curricula are a new pedagogical site for governing children's bodies or whether play-based curricula allow children to experience, and engage with the pleasure and ambiguities of play in their daily lives in schools.