Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural organization of the perivascular astrocyte endfeet and their relationship with the endothelial glucose transporter: A confocal microscopy study

Despite the increasing evidence for a prominent role played by the perivascular endfeet of astrocytes in the functional metabolic coupling between astrocytes and neurons, a clear picture of their spatial organization is still lacking. To examine the three‐dimensional structure of the astrocyte endfeet and their relationships with the endothelial cells, coronal rat brain sections immunolabeled for the two astroglial markers [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/S‐100β] and the endothelial glucose transporter (GLUT1) were analyzed under the confocal microscope. Double immunolabeling of GFAP and S‐100β showed numerous well‐defined astrocytes sending one or more endfeet to the vasculature. Examination of GFAP immunolabeling at higher magnification showed that these endfeet consist of well‐defined rosette‐like structures lying on the vessel wall.
Diffraction effects in optical interferometric displacement detection in nanoelectromechanical systems

Optical interferometric displacement detection techniques have recently found use in the study of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Here, we study the effectiveness of these techniques as the relevant NEMS dimensions are reduced beyond the optical wavelength used. We first demonstrate that optical cavities formed in the sacrificial gaps of subwavelength NEMS enable enhanced displacement detection sensitivity. In a second set of measurements, we show that the displacement sensitivity of conventional path-stabilized Michelson interferometry degrades rapidly beyond the diffraction limit. Both experiments are consistent with numerical models.
Radio frequency identification system of Internet of Things based on CMOS integrated circuits

RFID-tags are conventionally provided for various things. A RFID system for Internet of Nano Things based on a UMC 180nm CMOS integrated circuit was proposed. The system is intended for identification of tags realized on a surface-acoustic-wave delay lines and designed as a transceiver front-end with operating frequency range of 2.40–2.48 GHz. A polling signal is a stepped frequency chirp, and the read range makes up 3 m.
Analysis of Public Accounting Firm Services and Audit Quality with Structure Conduct Performance Approach in Indonesia Capital Market

Abstract. The business aspect of the audit services may lead to abnormal fee audits. This happens because the supply and demand in audit services are unbalanced resulting in an oligopolistic market, in which the audit engagement is concentrated in several public accounting firms. Such market concentration will lead to the structure conduct performance paradigm because the market structure of an industry will cause behavioral changes especially in the determination of reasonable audit fees and will ultimately affect the quality of audit services itself. This study aims to 1) test and analyze the direct effect of audit service market concentration on audit quality in Indonesia capital market; 2) test and analyze the indirect effect of audit service market concentration on audit quality through positive abnormal audit fee in Indonesian capital market. The research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method. Research data is in the form of secondary data from capital market in Indonesia. The results show that market concentration has not an effect on the decreased audit quality,but market concentrationhasan effect on increase abnormal fee. Keywords: market structure; audit fee; audit quality Abstrak. Aspek bisnis dari layanan audit dapat menyebabkan audit biaya tidak normal. Hal ini terjadi karena pasokan dan permintaan dalam layanan audit tidak seimbang yang mengakibatkan pasar oligopolistik, di mana keterlibatan audit terkonsentrasi di beberapa kantor akuntan publik. Konsentrasi pasar seperti itu akan mengarah pada struktur melakukan paradigma kinerja karena struktur pasar suatu industri akan menyebabkan perubahan perilaku terutama dalam penentuan biaya audit yang wajar dan pada akhirnya akan mempengaruhi kualitas layanan audit itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh langsung konsentrasi pasar layanan audit terhadap kualitas audit di pasar modal Indonesia; 2) menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh tidak langsung konsentrasi pasar layanan audit terhadap kualitas audit melalui biaya audit abnormal yang positif di pasar modal Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Data penelitian berupa data sekunder dari pasar modal di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi pasar tidak berpengaruh pada penurunan kualitas audit, tetapi konsentrasi pasar berpengaruh pada peningkatan biaya abnormal. Kata Kunci : struktur pasar; biaya audit; kualitas audit
Cardiorespiratory and neurological effects of morphine and butorphanol in Bos taurus

The temperament of Spanish fighting bulls precludes safe handling and necessitates chemical restraint as for wildlife species. A tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine combination (TZX) is widely used in wild ruminants (Caulkett and others 2000). However, there is scarce information on the use of opioids, such as butorphanol or morphine in ruminants (Machado and others 1998, Fierheller and others 2004, Prado and others 2008). Atipamezole has been used successfully in ruminants to antagonise drug combinations including α2 agonists (Arnemo and Soli 1993, Rioja and others 2008). The present study was performed to evaluate the cardiorespiratory and neurological effects of butorphanol and morphine in Spanish fighting bulls during TZX anaesthesia antagonised with atipamezole. The study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Cordoba (N° 719/2010). The study included 10 Spanish fighting bulls (5 males and 5 females) weighing 230±20 kg and aged 2±0.3 years. Each was anaesthetised using four different protocols administered in random order with a washout period of 10 days. The control protocol (C) consisted of tiletamine (0.5 mg/kg), zolazepam (0.5 mg/kg) (Zoletil 100; Virbac, Spain), and xylazine (1 mg/kg) (Xilagesic 20 per cent; Laboratory Calier, Spain) administered intramuscularly. The other protocols added butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg) (B) (Torbugesic 1 per cent; Fort Dodge Veterinaria, Spain) or morphine ((0.2 mg/kg) (M2) or (0.4 mg/kg) (M4)) (Morphine 2 per cent; Braun Medical, Spain) …
Comparing two ontologies

Ontologies play an important role in applications related to knowledge management, natural language processing, information retrieval, etc. As a result, a large number of ontologies have been developed rapidly. Once an ontology is created, it can be used by many different applications. Such applications may use the entire ontology or only a part of it. Furthermore, they may use a part of the ontology and then extend it by adding more knowledge. Since ontologies which are used by different organisations may be related, there is a need to check these relationships. This paper presents an algorithm that compares two ontologies to determine their relationship. A semantic web service discovery application is introduced to highlight the motivation of the algorithm.
Vesicular Transport Is Not Required for the Cytoplasmic Pool of Cholera Toxin To Interact with the Stimulatory Alpha Subunit of the Heterotrimeric G Protein

ABSTRACT Cholera toxin (CT) moves from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by retrograde vesicular transport. The catalytic A1 polypeptide of CT (CTA1) then crosses the ER membrane, enters the cytosol, ADP-ribosylates the stimulatory α subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein (Gsα) at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane, and activates adenylate cyclase. The cytosolic pool of CTA1 may reach the plasma membrane and its Gsα target by traveling on anterograde-directed transport vesicles. We examined this possibility with the use of a plasmid-based transfection system that directed newly synthesized CTA1 to either the ER lumen or the cytosol of CHO cells. Such a system allowed us to bypass the CT retrograde trafficking itinerary from the cell surface to the ER. Previous work has shown that the ER-localized pool of CTA1 is rapidly exported from the ER to the cytosol. Expression of CTA1 in either the ER or the cytosol led to the activation of Gsα, and Gsα activation was not inhibited in transfected cells exposed to drugs that inhibit vesicular traffic. Thus, anterograde transport from the ER to the plasma membrane is not required for the cytotoxic action of CTA1.
PATTERNS OF DISTRIBUTION IN THE FAMILY FABACEAE (EXCEPT ASTRAGALUS) IN IRAN

The geographic distribution of the family Fabaceae (except the genus Astragalus) in Iran has been analyzed using a dataset of 10408 georeferenced observations. The 429 species of the family is distributed in whole Iran; however, about half of the observations are from provinces like, Fars, Hormozgan, Tehran, Bushehr and Mazandaran. The family has 173 rare species and 117 endemic species. The highest record for the maximum distance between two observations of one species (MaxD) is 2140 kilometer. East-Azerbaijan, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, Lorestan and WestAzerbaijan have the highest number of rare species. Species richness was mapped with the point-to-grid richness analysis tool DIVA-GIS, using a 10×10 kilometer grid cell and the circular neighborhood option with a 50 km radius. High species richness occurs in Fars, Gilan and Lorestan; also in Central Alborz where the hotspot for endemic species is located. Forty four 10×10 kilometer grid cells are needed to capture all species at once. But ninety percent of the species can be captured in only twenty grid cells, which have the most conservative importance for this group of plants.
Interaction of the Type IIa Na/Pi Cotransporter with PDZ Proteins*

The type IIa Na+-dependent inorganic phosphate (Na/Pi) cotransporter is localized in the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells and is regulated by an endocytotic pathway. Because molecular processes such as apical sorting, internalization, or subsequent degradation might be assisted by associated proteins, a yeast two-hybrid screen against the C-terminal, cytosolic tail of type IIa cotransporter was designed. Most of the potential proteins found belonged to proteins with multiple PDZ modules and were either identical/related to PDZK1 or identical to NHERF-1. Yeast trap truncation assays confined the peptide-protein association to the C-terminal amino acid residues TRL of type IIa cotransporter and to single PDZ domains of each identified protein, respectively. The specificity of these interactions were confirmed in yeast by testing other apical localized transmembraneous proteins. Moreover, the type IIa protein was recovered in vitro by glutathioneS-transferase-fused PDZ proteins from isolated renal brush border membranes or from type IIa-expressing oocytes. Further, these PDZ proteins are immunohistochemically detected either in the microvilli or in the subapical compartment of proximal tubular cells. Our results suggest that the type IIa Na/Pi cotransporter interacts with various PDZ proteins that might be responsible for the apical sorting, parathyroid hormone controlled endocytosis or the lysosomal sorting of internalized type IIa cotransporter.
Use of the Amniotic Fluid Index Combined With Estimated Fetal Weight Within 10 Days of Delivery for Prediction of Macrosomia at Birth

Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the value of combining the sonographically estimated fetal weight (EFW) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) measured within 10 days of term delivery for prediction of macrosomia at birth. Methods. Prospective sonographic fetal biometric measurements and delivery ward data of a single center, uploaded separately over a 4‐year period, were retrospectively linked to yield an unselected sample of nondiabetic pregnancies with live‐born term neonates. Results. Of the 1925 pregnancies evaluated, 140 (7.2%) were macrosomic (birth weight ≥4000 g). The AFI was significantly higher in the macrosomic group (P < .001). On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve was larger for predictions based on the EFW alone than on the AFI. An EFW of 4000 g or higher had a positive predictive value of 46.6% for macrosomia at birth. Use of the previously suggested combined EFW and AFI cutoffs of 3689 g and 119 mm, respectively, yielded a positive predictive value of 30.3%. Conclusions. Combined use of the EFW and AFI rather than the EFW alone does not improve prediction of macrosomia at birth.
Robust stabilization design for large‐scale parameterized nonlinear switched systems

This paper is concerned with the robust stabilization problem for a large class of parameterized switched nonlinear systems interconnected with unmodeled dynamics and uncertain disturbance in cascade form. Adaptive approximation methods will be designed to address the unknown nonlinearities. Via the backstepping algorithm, we construct adaptive state‐feedback controller under certain conditions, which is robust against parametric uncertainties and enable the class of switched systems stabilized under arbitrary switchings in probability. The simulation results demonstrate that the asymptotic stability of system performance can be adjusted by choosing suitable design parameters. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A primary study on conversion efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei feed on artificial diets

Components of conversion efficiency of Litopenaeus vannamei feed on artificial diets were measured at different body weight(0.1 g,2.0 g,5.5 g,8.0 g)by an experimental ecological method to improve husbandry for shrimp culture.The results indicated that there were decrease in diet coefficient,between 1.28 and 1.73;feeding rates in the range of 2.75% to 5.13%,the big body less than small body;wet and dry specific growth rates were 2.45-4.32、2.56-5.44. The shrimp dry matter assimilation rates were between 88.14% and 89.05%,total conversion efficiency altered in the range of 15.06% to 22.07%,net conversion efficiency altered in the range of 16.93% to 25.76%,averaging 21.17%;the energy assimilation rates were between 92.83% and 93.37%,total conversion efficiency altered in the range of 14.74% to 24.07%,net conversion efficiency altered in the range of 15.80% to 25.71%. The shrimp there were increase in assimilation rate and decrease in conversion efficiency with different body weight.
Growth factor receptor binding protein 14 inhibition triggers insulin‐induced mouse hepatocyte proliferation and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma

Metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes are recognized as independent risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hyperinsulinemia, a hallmark of these pathologies, is suspected to be involved in HCC development. The molecular adapter growth factor receptor binding protein 14 (Grb14) is an inhibitor of insulin receptor catalytic activity, highly expressed in the liver. To study its involvement in hepatocyte proliferation, we specifically inhibited its liver expression using a short hairpin RNA strategy in mice. Enhanced insulin signaling upon Grb14 inhibition was accompanied by a transient induction of S‐phase entrance by quiescent hepatocytes, indicating that Grb14 is a potent repressor of cell division. The proliferation of Grb14‐deficient hepatocytes was cell‐autonomous as it was also observed in primary cell cultures. Combined Grb14 down‐regulation and insulin signaling blockade using pharmacological approaches as well as genetic mouse models demonstrated that Grb14 inhibition–mediated hepatocyte division involved insulin receptor activation and was mediated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1–S6K pathway and the transcription factor E2F1. In order to determine a potential dysregulation in GRB14 gene expression in human pathophysiology, a collection of 85 human HCCs was investigated. This revealed a highly significant and frequent decrease in GRB14 expression in hepatic tumors when compared to adjacent nontumoral parenchyma, with 60% of the tumors exhibiting a reduced Grb14 mRNA level. Conclusion: Our study establishes Grb14 as a physiological repressor of insulin mitogenic action in the liver and further supports that dysregulation of insulin signaling is associated with HCC. (Hepatology 2017;65:1352‐1368).
D * lite algorithm based path planning of mobile robot in static Environment

— In this paper, we study the path planning for khepera II mobile robot in an unknown environment. The well known heuristic D* lite algorithm is implemented to make the mobile robot navigate through static obstacles and find the shortest path from an initial position to a target position by avoiding the obstacles. and to perform efficient re-planning during exploration. The proposed path finding strategy is designed in a grid-map form of an unknown environment with static unknown obstacles. The robot moves within the unknown environment by sensing and avoiding the obstacles coming across its way towards the target. When the mission is executed, it is necessary to plan an optimal or feasible path for itself avoiding obstructions in its way and minimizing a cost such as time, energy, and distance. In our study we have considered the distance metric as the cost function
The study of method about diagnosis prediction based on adaptive filtering and HMM

A new method of diagnosis prediction based on adaptive filtering and HMM is proposed. Firstly, the feature extraction of time-sequence about collected diagnosis information is conducted, achieving time-sequence status information, and then on the basis of the results the future device status information vectors are obtained by means of adaptive filtering. Secondly, the HMMs for all diagnosis statuses are established and be trained according to the algorithm of Baum-Welch, meanwhile HMMs is regarded as the classifier. Lastly, the obtained time-sequence about future status are inputted into HMMs, getting the prediction results in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The experimental results prove the feasibility for this method, and its prediction accuracy is improved to some extent.
Random forest tree for predicting fecal indicator organisms in drinking water supply

Variety of modeling techniques have been widely applied for predicting levels of fecal indicator organisms in raw water. However, deficiencies in the performances of some methods make it difficult for implementation in full-scale water supply systems. This study examines the efficiency of random forest (RF) which is made up of a number of decision trees in the prediction of fecal indicator organisms in raw water based on records of conductivity, pH, color, turbidity taken from a drinking water source in Bergen, Norway, as well as seasons. Results of the study indicate that the method is capable of estimating important variations in levels of the microorganisms in the raw water with acceptable accuracy. Color of water and the effect of autumn season were the most important in explaining the variations in the levels of the coliform bacteria, intestinal enterococci and E. coli in raw water in both the full and the reduced models. Considerable reduction in the model out-of-bag sample error was achieved in the reduced models, where only two most important variables were used as predictors. With further research aimed at improving the estimation error, the random forest method can be a reliable tool for real time prediction of potential levels of microorganisms in raw water.
Non-linear predictive vector quantization of feature vectors for distributed speech recognition

In this paper, we present a non linear prediction scheme based on a Multi-Layer Perceptron for Predictive Vector Quantization (PVQ-MLP) of MFCC for very low bit-rate coding of acoustic features in distributed speech recognition (DSR). Certain applications like voice enabled web-browsing or speech controlled processes in large industrial plants, where hundreds of users access simultaneously to the same ASR server can ben-eﬁt from this substantial bit-rate reduction. Experimental re-sults obtained on a large vocabulary task show an improved performance of PVQ-MLP in terms of prediction gain and WER compared to a linear prediction scheme, especially when low bit-rates are evaluated. Using PVQ-MLP the bit-rate can be reduced up to 1.8 kbps resulting in a reduction of 66% with respect to the ETSI standards (4.4 kbps) with a WER degradation lower than 5% compared to a system without quantization.
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.

BACKGROUND Myocarditis is a serious disorder, and treatment options are limited. This trial was designed to determine whether immunosuppressive therapy improves left ventricular function in patients with myocarditis and to examine measures of the immune response as predictors of the severity and outcome of disease. METHODS We randomly assigned 111 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of myocarditis and a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 0.45 to receive conventional therapy alone or combined with a 24-week regimen of immunosuppressive therapy. Immunosuppressive therapy consisted of prednisone with either cyclosporine or azathioprine. The primary outcome measure was a change in the left ventricular ejection fraction at 28 weeks. RESULTS In the group as a whole, the mean (+/- SE) left ventricular ejection fraction improved from 0.25 +/- 0.01 at base line to 0.34 +/- 0.02 at 28 weeks (P < 0.001). The mean change in the left ventricular ejection fraction at 28 weeks did not differ significantly between the group of patients who received immunosuppressive therapy (a gain of 0.10; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.07 to 0.12) and the control group (a gain of 0.07; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.12). A higher left ventricular ejection fraction at base line, less intensive conventional drug therapy at base line, and a shorter duration of disease, but not the treatment assignment, were positive independent predictors of the left ventricular ejection fraction at week 28. There was no significant difference in survival between the two groups (P = 0.96). The mortality rate for the entire group was 20 percent at 1 year and 56 percent at 4.3 years. Features suggesting an effective inflammatory response were associated with less severe initial disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support routine treatment of myocarditis with immunosuppressive drugs. Ventricular function improved regardless of whether patients received immunosuppressive therapy, but long-term mortality was high. Patients with a vigorous inflammatory response had less severe disease.
Road Traffic Accidents Analysis Using Data Mining Techniques

Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are a major public concern, resulting in an estimated 1.2 million deaths and 50 million injuries worldwide each year. In the developing world, RTAs are among the leading cause of death and injury. Most of the analysis of road accident uses data mining techniques which provide productive results. The analysis of the accident locations can help in identifying certain road accident features that make a road accident to occur frequently in the locations. Association rule mining is one of the popular data mining techniques that identify the correlation in various attributes of road accident. Data analysis has the capability to identify different reasons behind road accidents. In the existing system, k-means algorithm is applied to group the accident locations into three clusters. Then the association rule mining is used to characterize the locations. Most state of the art traffic management and information systems focus on data analysis and very few have been done in the sense of classification. So, the proposed system uses classification technique to predict the severity of the accident which will bring out the factors behind road accidents that occurred and a predictive model is constructed using fuzzy logic to predict the location wise accident frequency.