Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of vertical T-junction using H-slot aperture coupling for applications in 60 GHz arrays

This work presents the design of a vertical T-junction in SIW using H-slots to couple between substrate layers, for the 60 GHz band. This junction has been designed and simulated to obtain a -10 dB and -15 dB bandwidth of 26.9% and 14.5%, respectively. The loss is less than 0.5 dB, and the difference in the power distribution is less than 0.5 dB across the band.
Iterative Frequency-Domain Joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection of Faster-Than-Nyquist Signaling

In this paper, we propose semi-blind iterative frequency domain joint channel estimation (CE) and data detection (DD) of faster-than-Nyquist signaling (FTNS). The proposed scheme achieves low-complexity operation, while maintaining a performance close to that of the perfect channel state information scenario. More specifically, we derive low-complexity frequency-domain CE for the faster-than-Nyquist pilot (FTNP) transmission scenario, where the symbol duration of a pilot block is lower than the Nyquist-criterion-based pilot transmission. Moreover, we propose a serially concatenated channel-encoded FTNS transceiver that takes into account FTNS-specific colored noise effects. The proposed low-complexity receiver carries out soft-decision frequency-domain equalization with the aid of the minimum-mean square error criterion while whitening the colored noise. As explicit benefits of the proposed frequency-domain CE for the FTNP, the demodulated FTNS data block can also be used as a long pilot block, so the iterative joint CE and DD becomes realistic. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed two-stage-concatenated FTNS system relying on binary phase-shift keying-based FTNP and FTNS-data symbols achieves a better error-ratio performance than previous systems that do not consider colored noise effects in the high-symbol-packing FTNS regime.
Limitations of the C6/Wistar rat intracerebral glioma model: implications for evaluating immunotherapy.

OBJECTIVE Intracranial rat glioma models are a useful method for evaluating the efficacy and toxicity of novel therapies for malignant glioma. The C6/Wistar model has been used extensively as a reproducible in vivo model for studying primary brain tumors including anti-glioma immune responses. The objective of the present study is to provide in vivo evidence that the C6 rat glioma model is allogeneic within Wistar rats and is therefore inappropriate for evaluating immune responses. METHODS Growth patterns and immune responses of C6 cells implanted into the brain and flank of Wistar rats were analyzed and compared to an immunogenic syngeneic model (9L/Fischer). RESULTS Wistar rats with C6 tumors developed a potent humoral and cellular immune response to the tumor. Wistar rats given simultaneous flank and intracerebral tumors had a survival rate of 100% compared to an 11% survival rate in control animals receiving only intracranial C6 cells. CONCLUSION The C6 rat glioma induces a vigorous immune reaction that may mimic a specific anti-tumor response in Wistar rats. Efficacy of immunotherapy within this model must be cautiously interpreted.
Three‐dimensional visualization of Salmonella attachment to poultry skin using confocal scanning laser microscopy

K.Y. KIM, J.F. FRANK AND S.E. CRAVEN. 1996. The objective of this study was to locate the position of attached or entrapped Salmonella cells in poultry skin. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to obtain optical sections of intact poultry skin without artefacts associated with dehydration and other sample preparation techniques. A technique was developed to prevent compression of the poultry skin during CSLM operation. Images of bacteria and poultry skin were obtained after staining with Pyronin‐Y. Data indicated that Salmonella cells were mostly located in the cervices and feather follicles. Salmonella in feather follicle floated freely in surrounding liquid even after the skin was thoroughly rinsed.
Identity studies: Multiple perspectives and implications for corporate-level marketing

Purpose – The concept of identity provides the platform by which many corporate‐level concepts can be understood such as corporate branding, corporate communications, corporate image and corporate reputation. As such, it can be viewed as providing the foundation to the nascent field of corporate marketing. This article seeks to break new ground by marshalling the literature that underpins the major disciplinary strands which inform identity studies and respectively focuses on the concepts of corporate identity (marketing) and organisational identity (organisational behaviour). Design/methodology/approach – Two bodies of literature (corporate identity and organisational identity) were selected for review and examination in terms of their implications for corporate level marketing.Findings – The authors' review of the literature makes an advance on extant reviews of the literature not only by highlighting the importance of identity and its potential to reveal the organisation (and thereby providing a foundat.
Vicious inducible nitric oxide synthase-mitochondrial reactive oxygen species cycle accelerates inflammatory response and causes liver injury in rats.

Abstract Aims: Increasing evidences suggest that, apart from activation of guanylyl cyclase, intracellular nitric oxide (NO) signaling is associated with an interaction between NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to modulate physiological or pathophysiological processes. The aim of this study was to understand the contribution of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) to NO-mediated signaling in hepatocytes on inflammation. Results: In rats treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (mtAOX) (mitoTEMPO and SkQ1) reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression in liver, NO levels in blood and plasma, and markers of organ damage (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase). In cultured hepatocytes, treated with inflammatory mediators, generated ex vivo by incubation of white blood cells with LPS, we observed an increase in NO and mtROS levels. l-NG-monomethyl arginine citrate, a NOS inhibitor, decreased both NO and mtROS levels. mtAOX red.
Development of three-dimensional synaptic device and neuromorphic computing hardware

To facilitate the development of low-cost, low-power, and high-density hardware neural networks, we have successfully developed a Ta/TaOx/TiO2/Ti RRAM-based synaptic device. The device exhibits numerous synaptic functions resembling those in biological synapses, including synaptic plasticity of potentiation and depression, spike-timing dependent plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation and a transition from short-term to long-term memory. We further demonstrate 3D high-density, high-connectivity integration of the Ta/TaOx/TiO2/Ti device, and the device exhibits excellent uniformity among interlayer and intralayer cells in a 4 × 4 3D two-layer cross-point array. Finally, we investigate the influence of nonlinearity of synaptic weight updates on neuromorphic computing. A state-independent training scheme is proposed to improve linearity and fault tolerance of training accuracy.
Activism and Takeovers

We compare activism and takeovers from the perspective of a blockholder who can provide effort to improve firm value. We show that free-riding behavior by dispersed shareholders has the following implications: First, activism can be more profitable than a hostile takeover even if it is less efficient. Second, activism is most efficient when it brokers, rather than substitutes for, takeovers. Third, such takeover activism earns superior returns. More broadly, our theory implies that activists specialize in governance reforms with limited, temporary ownership being a strength rather than a shortcoming of activism.
Fish Oil, Raynaud's Syndrome, and Undiscovered Public Knowledge

Divide and conquer—the strategy that science uses to cope with the mountains of printed matter it produces—appears on the surface to serve us well. Science organizes itself into manageable units—scientific specialties—and so its literature is created and assimilated in manageable chunks or units. But a few clouds on the horizon ought not to go unexamined. First, most of the units are no doubt logically related to other units. Second, there are far more combinations of units, therefore far more potential relationships among the units, than there are units. Third, the system is not organized to cope with combinations. I suggest that important relationships might be escaping our notice. Individual units of literature are created to some degree independently of one another, and, insofar as that is so, the logical connections among the units, though inevitable, may be unintended by and even unknown to their creators. Until those fragments, like scattered pieces of a puzzle, are brought together, the relationships among them may remain undiscovered—even though the isolated pieces might long have been public knowledge. My purpose in this essay is to show, by means of an example, how this might happen. I shall identify two units of literature that are logically connected but noninteractive; neither seems to acknowledge the other to any substantial degree. Yet the logical connections, once apparent, lead to a potentially useful and possibly new hypothesis.
A recommender systems approach to optimising career pathways development planning for youth in emerging knowledge economies

A key resource in emerging regions is the intrinsic knowledge potential of its youth. For the potential of this resource to be fully realised, we believe that there should be a systemically designed national career pathways development system (NCPDS). An NCPDS can help channel each young person into a career best suited to that individual, whilst giving consideration to career choice and national needs. This paper discusses an NCPDS founded on knowledge-based decision support systems and evolving recommender system frameworks, able to handle large volumes of data and provide analytics. We discuss an initial prototype designed and implemented in New Zealand.
Towards a Semantic Web Environment for XBRL

XBRL is an emerging standard that allows enterprises to present their financial accounting information in a XML format, according to their applicable legislation. In this paper we present a system which offer the possibility of adding semantic annotations contained in a financial ontology to XBRL reports. Furthermore, we present a new approach that will apply probabilistic methods to determine the degree of similarity between concepts of different XBRL taxonomies. This approach will allow invertors, enterprises and XBRL users in general, to perform comparisons between reports that fit onto different taxonomies, even belonging to different countries.
A relationship model between key problems of international purchasing and the post‐purchase behavior of industrial firms

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the key problems related to the international purchasing operations and their interrelationship with the post‐purchase industrial behavior: repeated purchase with modification, repeated purchase without modification and no rebuy. The objective is to develop a conceptual model in the area of international post‐purchase industrial behavior.Design/methodology/approach – Based upon prior research in business marketing, international marketing, international business and intercultural communication, and complemented by an exploratory qualitative approach, the paper proposes a conceptualization of the post‐purchase industrial behavior and of the relationships between cost, logistics, governmental and cultural factors affecting international post‐purchase industrial behavior.Findings – This paper elaborates a conceptual model and research propositions that delineate the relationship between key problems of international purchasing and the post‐purchase behavior of industrial .
Removal torque evaluation of three different abutment screws for single implant restorations after mechanical cyclic loading.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the removal torque of three different abutment screws and pull out strength of implant-abutment connection for single implant restorations after mechanical cyclic loading. METHODS The study was performed in accordance with ISO 14801:2007. Three implant groups (n=15) were used: group A, PW Plus® with flat head screw; group B, PW Plus® with tapered screw; and group C, Conelog® with flat head screw. All groups had the same implant-abutment connection feature: cone with mandatory index. All screws were tightened with manufacturer's recommended torque. Ten specimens in each group underwent cyclic loading (1×106 cycles, 10 Hz, and 250 N). Then, all specimens were un-tightened, measured for the removal torque, and underwent a tensile test. The force that dislodged abutment from implant fixture was recorded. The data were analysed using independent sample t-test, ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. RESULTS Before cyclic loading, removal torque in groups A, B and C were significantly different (B> A> C, P<.05). After cyclic loading, removal torque in all groups decreased significantly (P<.05). Group C revealed significantly less removal torque than groups A and B (P<.005). Tensile force in all groups significantly increased after cyclic loading (P<.05), group A had significantly less tensile force than groups B and C (P<.005). CONCLUSIONS Removal torque reduced significantly after cyclic loading. Before cyclic loading, tapered screws maintained more preload than did flat head screws. After cyclic loading, tapered and flat head screws maintained even amounts of preload. The tensile force that dislodged abutment from implant fixture increased immensely after cyclic loading.
Estrus synchronization and ovarian hyper‐stimulation treatments have negligible effects on cumulus oocyte complex gene expression whereas induction of ovulation causes major expression changes

The effects of exogenous hormones, used for estrus synchronization and ovarian hyper stimulation, on cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) gene expression in sexually mature rats were determined using microarrays. Gene expression in COCs collected from GnRH (Gtrt), GnRH + eCG (G + Etrt), and GnRH + eCG + hCG (G + E + Htrt) treatments were compared to COCs from naturally cycling (NC) rats before the preovulatory luteninizing hormone surge. There was no significant difference in gene expression among NC, Gtrt, and G + Etrt; however, over 2,600 genes were significantly different between NC and G + E + Htrt (P < 0.05). Genes upregulated in G + E + Htrt encode for: proteins that are involved in prostaglandin synthesis (Ptgs2, Pla2g4a, and Runx1) and cholesterol biosynthesis (Hmgcr, Sc4mol, and Dhcr24); receptors that allow cholesterol uptake (Ldlr and Scarb1), regulate progesterone synthesis (Star), and inactivate estrogen (Sult1e1); and downstream effectors of LH signal (Pgr, Cebpb, Creb3l1, Areg, Ereg, and Adamts1). Conversely, G + E + Htrt downregulated genes encoding proteins involved in: DNA replication and cell cycle progression (Ccne2, Orc5l, Rad50, and Mcm6); reproductive developmental process; and granulosa cell expansion (Gdf9, Bmp15, Amh, Amhr2, Bmpr1b, Tgfb2, Foxl2, Pde3a, Esr2, Fshr, Ybx2, Ccnd2, Ccnb1ip1, and Zp3); maternal effect genes required for embryo development (Zar1, Npm2, Nlrp5, Dnmt1, H1foo, and Zfp57); amino acid degradation; and ketogenesis (Hmgcs2, and Cpt1b). These results from the rat show that hormones used for estrus synchronization (Gtrt) and ovarian hyper stimulation (G + Etrt) had minimal effects on gene expression, whereas induction of ovulation (G + E + Htrt) caused major changes in gene expression of rat COCs. This study provides comprehensive information about regulated genes during late follicle development and ovulation induction. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A grounded theory of World Wide Web search behaviour

The behaviours and underlying motivations of consumers and business people surfing the World Wide Web (WWW) are presently not well understood. Furthermore, until now no empirical studies have offered any scientifically sound guidance to marketing communication strategists as to using this interactive medium. Therefore, the authors have conducted an exploratory multiple-case study of this interactive behaviour and its underlying motivations. Consumers and business people were observed unobtrusively while navigating the WWW. During a retrospective in-depth interview, the underlying motivations were probed and the respondent was confronted with video images of his/her own navigation behaviour. The analysis and interpretation of these two sources of data resulted in the development of a grounded theory of search and surf behaviour on the WWW by linking the behaviour and motivations with the visited websites. The following five behavioural search scenarios were discovered from the data: exploratory surfing, wi.
Ponderomotive Acceleration of Ions: Circular Versus Linear Polarization

Ponderomotive (or radiation pressure) acceleration is a route to the generation of high-energy ions in laser–solid interactions, which does not rely on the generation of fast electrons. It may be optimized by the use of circularly polarized (CP) laser pulses rather than linearly polarized (LP) ones, since for CP, fast electron generation is strongly inhibited, quenching competing mechanisms such as target normal sheath acceleration. We present a comparison of 1-D and 2-D particle-in-cell simulations for CP and LP, which shows the potential of CP pulses for ion acceleration. The comparison also enables us to discriminate “pure” ponderomotive effects from those due to fast electrons, aiding the understanding of basic mechanisms of ion acceleration and surface rippling.
An accurate cluster selection function for the J-PAS narrow-band wide-field survey

The impending Javalambre Physics of the accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) will be the first wide-field survey of ≳ 8500 deg^2 to reach the ‘stage IV’ category. Because of the redshift resolution afforded by 54 narrow-band filters, J-PAS is particularly suitable for cluster detection in the range z 80 per cent completeness and purity is M_h ∼ 5 × 10^(13) M_⊙ up to z ∼ 0.7. We also model the optical observable, M^∗_(CL)–halo mass relation, finding a non-evolution with redshift and main scatter of σM^∗_(CL)|M_h∼0.14dex down to a factor 2 lower in mass than other planned broad-band stage IV surveys, at least. For the M_h ∼ 1 × 10^(14) M_⊙ Planck mass limit, J-PAS will arrive up to z ∼ 0.85 with a σM^∗_(CL)|M_h∼0.12dex. Therefore, J-PAS will provide the largest sample of clusters and groups up to z ∼ 0.8 with a mass calibration accuracy comparable to X-ray data.
A Two-Space Solution to the Hidden Line Problem for Plotting Functions of Two Variables

A fast algorithm for eliminating hidden linies from perspective representations of single-valued functions of two variables is presented. Compared with the most widely used algorithm for this problem, the algorithm presented here is as versatile, but much faster. Compared with a recently published algorithm for this problem, the algorithm presented here is more powerful and as fast. Compared with more general algorithms, the one presented here is much less complicated, since this algorithm is tailored to this problem.
AN EFFICIENT CONSERVATIVE INTEGRATOR WITH A CHAIN REGULARIZATION FOR THE FEW-BODY PROBLEM

We design an efficient orbital integration scheme for the general N-body problem that preserves all the conserved quantities except the angular momentum. This scheme is based on the chain concept and is regarded as an extension of a d’Alembert-type scheme for constrained Hamiltonian systems. It also coincides with the discrete-time general three-body problem for particle number N = 3. Although the proposed scheme is only second-order accurate, it can accurately reproduce some periodic orbits, which cannot be done with generic geometric numerical integrators.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF NIGERIAN COMMERCIAL BANKS: BEFORE AND AFTER CONSOLIDATION

A banking consolidation programme aimed primarily at correcting deficiencies in the financial sector and to put Nigerian banking industry on the part of global competitiveness was introduced in Nigeria in 2005. This study attempts to evaluate the performance of Nigerian banks before and after that consolidation exercise. The major components of assets and liabilities of banks from 2004 – 2009 were extracted from the aggregated balance sheet structure of the banking system sourced from the CBN annual reports. The major performance variables analyzed were capital adequacy, asset quality, liquidity and management efficiency. The period 2004-2005 was designated the pre consolidation era, while 2006 – 2009 was deemed the post consolidation period. The statistical tool applied in testing the hypotheses was the t-test, which helped to ascertain whether there was a significant difference in the performance of banks before and after consolidation. The result shows that consolidation has improved the performance of the Nigeria banking industry in terms of asset size, deposit base and capital adequacy. However, the profit efficiency and asset utilization efficiencies of the banks have deteriorated since the conclusion of the consolidation programme. The paper recommends that banks should try to avoid weak balance sheets and inadequate corporate governance. The research posits further that consolidation of banks may not necessarily be a sufficient tool for achieving financial stability for sustainable development. There is need to begin to develop a new framework for achieving financial sector stability rather than relying on banking consolidation policy. This is because banking consolidation in Nigeria as in many other countries has not proved to be reliable panacea for bank failures and crisis.
A Contra Capture Protein Array Platform for Studying Post-translationally Modified (PTM) Auto-antigenomes*

Aberrant modifications of proteins occur during disease development and elicit disease-specific antibody responses. We have developed a protein array platform that enables the modification of many proteins in parallel and assesses their immunogenicity without the need to express, purify, and modify proteins individually. We used anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a model modification and profiled antibody responses to ∼190 citrullinated proteins in 20 RA patients. We observed unique antibody reactivity patterns in both clinical anticyclic citrullinated peptide assay positive (CCP+) and CCP- RA patients. At individual antigen levels, we detected antibodies against known citrullinated autoantigens and discovered and validated five novel antibodies against specific citrullinated antigens (osteopontin (SPP1), flap endonuclease (FEN1), insulin like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP6), insulin like growth factor I (IGF1) and stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)) in RA patients. We also demonstrated the utility of our innovative array platform in the identification of immune-dominant epitope(s) for citrullinated antigens. We believe our platform will promote the study of post-translationally modified antigens at a breadth that has not been achieved before, by both identifying novel autoantigens and investigating their roles in disease development. The developed platforms can potentially be used to study many autoimmune disease-relevant modifications and their immunogenicity.
Cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Alternaria longipes in an immunosuppressed patient

Alternaria longipes was reported as the agent of a cutaneous infection in a patient with a neoplastic disease. The fungus has not been reported previously as causing disease in humans. It was distinguished by its rather small conidia with smooth or slightly verruculose walls and a pale brown beak which rarely extended into a secondary conidiophore. In vitro inhibitory activities of amphotericin B, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and miconazole were shown.