Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhabitants Tracking in a Cluttered Home Environment via Floor Load Sensors

Several studies have focused on tracking inhabitants in a smart environment. However, these approaches have often required inhabitants to wear devices, or they have needed lengthy pre-calibration before tracking could be engaged. Such approaches are often intrusive, thus making inhabitants uncomfortable when the ultimate purpose is to provide convenient services. Thus, the approaches are somewhat controversial. In this study, we constructed an environment consisting of load sensors, with wooden flooring covering the surfaces as in a normal home environment. The wooden flooring provided a flat surface for inhabitants to walk on but caused clutter in the load sensor. Thus, we applied Probabilistic Data Association and LeZi-Update to analyze the cluttered pressure phenomenon collected by the load sensors and to determine the inhabitants' locations and track their movements. With our non-intrusive approach, there is no need for inhabitants to wear any devices, and there are no complicated pre-settings, unlike other approaches.
Advances in vaccination against Helicobacter pylori

A vaccination against Helicobacter pylori may represent both prophylactic and therapeutic approaches to the control of H. pylori infection. Different protective H. pylori-derived antigens, such as urease, vacuolating cytotoxin A, cytotoxin-associated antigen, neutrophil-activating protein and others can be produced at low cost in prokaryote expression systems and most of these antigens have already been administered to humans and shown to be safe. The recent development by Graham et al. of the model of H. pylori challenge in humans, the recent published clinical trials and the last insight generated in animal models of H. pylori infection regarding the immune mechanisms leading to vaccine-induced Helicobacter clearance will facilitate the evaluation of immunogenicity and efficacy of H. pylori vaccine candidates in Phase II and III clinical trials.
Characterization and Phase Transformation of Spherical YSZ Powders Fabricated Via air Plasma Spray Method

Air plasma spray (APS) process is used to produce high density and flowability spherical powders. Phase transformation that occurred in this process isn’t well known. In this paper, the YSZ powders have been sprayed in water to investigate the morphology changes and phase transformations via air plasma spray (APS) method. Phase analysis of powders was examined by XRD and the crystallite size and lattice strain of YSZ calculated by the Williamson-Hall method. Morphology and particle size measurement observed by scanning electron microscope. Therefore, results showed the good spherical YSZ powders morphology and amount of tetragonal phase at this process changes from 33 to 47 wt%. that phase transformations were in order to improve the properties of the fabricated powders. Decreasing the crystalline size is due to tetragonal crystallite formation as first monoclinic crystallite (from 91 nm to 70 nm).
Rotation-invariant and robust multiple-2D-object detection using steerable pyramid denoising and optimized circular harmonic filters

We address the problem of automated detection of biological macromolecules imaged with an electron microscope. These types of images are characterized by a low signal-to-noise ratio (0 dB), a low and varying contrast, in-plane rotated and densely distributed objects in the scene, strong object deformations, and the possible occurrence of false class objects and object agglomerations. We propose a two-step algorithm for rotation invariant and robust multiple 2D-object detection. First, we denoise the image by shrinking the coefficients of a steerable pyramid transform. Second, we employ a correlation-based object detection consisting of a constrained circular harmonic filter. Experiments on our imagery show that this denoising procedure prior to the detection significantly reduces the number of erroneous findings, thus increasing the reliability of object detectors. We elucidate a method to quantify the loss of information due to denoising artifacts on data with an unknown signal-noise relationship. Our experiments prove steerable pyramid denoising to perform well in reconstructing signal out of noisy data.
Endoscopic Submucosal Tunnel Dissection for Large Gastric Neoplastic Lesions: A Case-Matched Controlled Study

Aim To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) for resection of large superficial gastric lesions (SGLs). Methods The clinicopathological records of patients performed with ESTD or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for SGLs between January 2012 and January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. 7 cases undergoing ESTD were enrolled to form the ESTD group. The cases were individually matched at a 1 : 1 ratio to other patients performed with ESD according to lesion location, ulcer or scar findings, resected specimen area, operation time and operators, and the matched cases constituting the ESD group. The treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results The mean specimen size was 46 mm. 10 lesions were located in the cardia and 4 lesions in the lesser curvature of the lower gastric body. En bloc resection was achieved for all lesions. The mean ESTD resection time was 69 minutes as against 87.7 minutes for the ESD (P = 0.01). The mean resection speed was faster for ESTD than for ESD (18.86 mm2/min versus 13.76 mm2/min, P = 0.03). There were no significant differences regarding the safety and curability during the endoscopic follow-up (mean 27 months). Conclusions ESTD is effective and safe for the removal of SGLs and appears to be an optimal option for patients with large SGLs at suitable sites.
Lightweight information integration through partial mapping and query reformulation

The growing amount of structured information becoming available, fostered by the advent and development of e.g. the Semantic Web and the Web 2.0 approaches, raises the need for (semi-)automatic, flexible and adaptable integration solutions. The effort invested into this partially manually created content can be leveraged by re-use and integration, so that additional communities of users can take advantage of heterogeneous content created by or for a specific community. The implicit inclusion of semantics (by using ontologies) in the storage of such contents or their automatic discovery after creation, enables such an integration scenario. This work deals with the flexible integration of heterogeneous sources of information stored using Semantic Web standards (e.g. RDF/OWL) in a pay-as-you-go fashion (i.e. on a best effort basis based on already available information and improving integration over time). It tackles three important integration aspects: 1) The computation of initial mappings between the different content structures, expressed using ontologies, by employing a combination of lexical-, structure-, and logic-based approaches; 2) The on-the-fly reformulation of user queries, so that they can be executed on sources which are structured differently, by employing the available mappings in combination with wildcard-based relaxation rules for unknown mappings, together with a strategy for improving and learning mappings; and 3) The ranking of the results based on the confidence that a reformulated query will answer exactly what was requested in the original query. This thesis presents therefore an approach for lightweight information integration of structured sources of data. Comprehensive evaluations have been performed for the steps presented above employing real world data sets to show their feasibility and applicability.
Single higher-order mode ring-shaped VCSEL with surface relief

A novel vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with single mode, high-power, low divergence, and temperature stability is presented. The most prominent structural feature of the device is that the high optical loss region is formed by an anti-phase surface relief above the top Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) and the light-emitting aperture is ringshaped with larger region. The simulation results show the device with 15μm oxide aperture and 5μm width ring light emitting region achieves stable single-higher-order transverse mode emission with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of more than 80dB. The maximum continuous-wave (CW) single mode power is up to 15.2 mW and far-field divergence angle (FWHM) is lower than 4.5°. Moreover, the VCSEL maintains CW single mode emission up to a record high temperature of 450K.
Technical Quality of Root Canal Treatment Performed by Undergraduate Clinical Students of Isfahan Dental School

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of RCTs performed by undergraduate clinical students of Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Methods and Materials: In this cross sectional study, records and periapical radiographs of 1200 root filled teeth were randomly selected from the records of patients who had received RCTs in Dental School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences from 2013 to 2015. After excluding 416 records, the final sample consisted of 784 root-treated teeth (1674 root canals). Two variables including the length and the density of the root fillings were examined. Moreover, the presence of ledge, foramen perforation, root perforation and fractured instruments were also evaluated as procedural errors. Descriptive statistics were used for expressing the frequencies of criteria and chi square test was used for comparing tooth types, tooth locations and academic level of students (P<0.05). Results: The frequency of root canals with acceptable filling was 54.1%. Overfilling was found in 11% of root canals, underfilling in 8.3% and inadequate density in 34.6%. No significant difference was found between the frequency of acceptable root fillings in the maxilla and mandible (P=0.072). More acceptable fillings were found in the root canals of premolars (61.3%) than molars (51.3%) (P=0.001). The frequency of procedural errors was 18.6%. Ledge was found in 12.5% of root canals, foramen perforation in 2%, root perforation in 2.4% and fractured instrument in 2%. Procedural errors were more frequent in the root canals of molars (22.5%) than the anterior teeth (12.3%) (P=0.003) and the premolars (9.5%) (P<0.001). Conclusion: Technical quality of RCTs performed by clinical students was not satisfactory and incidence of procedural errors was considerable.
Using Optimal Dependency-Trees for Combinational Optimization

This technical report describes how to download, compile and use the C++ source code of the dependency-tree estimation of distribution algorithm, which uses dependency trees to model promising solutions and sample the new ones. Candidate solutions are represented by fixed-length strings with a finite number of values in each string position (the code is not restricted to binary strings). The report also describes how to modify the code to solve new optimization problems. Additional documentation can be found in the provided software package, which includes a detailed documentation in PDF, HTML, and LTEX formats.
GoGene: gene annotation in the fast lane

High-throughput screens such as microarrays and RNAi screens produce huge amounts of data. They typically result in hundreds of genes, which are often further explored and clustered via enriched GeneOntology terms. The strength of such analyses is that they build on high-quality manual annotations provided with the GeneOntology. However, the weakness is that annotations are restricted to process, function and location and that they do not cover all known genes in model organisms. GoGene addresses this weakness by complementing high-quality manual annotation with high-throughput text mining extracting co-occurrences of genes and ontology terms from literature. GoGene contains over 4 000 000 associations between genes and gene-related terms for 10 model organisms extracted from more than 18 000 000 PubMed entries. It does not cover only process, function and location of genes, but also biomedical categories such as diseases, compounds, techniques and mutations. By bringing it all together, GoGene provides the most recent and most complete facts about genes and can rank them according to novelty and importance. GoGene accepts keywords, gene lists, gene sequences and protein sequences as input and supports search for genes in PubMed, EntrezGene and via BLAST. Since all associations of genes to terms are supported by evidence in the literature, the results are transparent and can be verified by the user. GoGene is available at http://gopubmed.org/gogene.
Maximum Disjoint Paths on Edge-Colored Graphs: Approximability and Tractability

The problem of finding the maximum number of vertex-disjoint uni-color paths in an edge-colored graph has been recently introduced in literature, motivated by applications in social network analysis. In this paper we investigate the approximation and parameterized complexity of the problem. First, we show that, for any constant e > 0, the problem is not approximable within factor c1-e, where c is the number of colors, and that the corresponding decision problem is W[1]-hard when parametrized by the number of disjoint paths. Then, we present a fixed-parameter algorithm for the problem parameterized by the number and the length of the disjoint paths.
Internet of Satellites (IoSat): Analysis of Network Models and Routing Protocol Requirements

The space segment has been evolved from monolithic to distributed satellite systems. One of these distributed systems is called the federated satellite system (FSS) which aims at establishing a win–win collaboration between satellites to improve their mission performance by using the unused on-board resources. The FSS concept requires sporadic and direct communications between satellites, using inter satellite links. However, this point-to-point communication is temporal and thus it can break existent federations. Therefore, the conception of a multi-hop scenario needs to be addressed. This is the goal of the Internet of satellites (IoSat) paradigm which, as opposed to a common backbone, proposes the creation of a network using a peer-to-peer architecture. In particular, the same satellites take part of the network by establishing intermediate collaborations to deploy a FSS. This paradigm supposes a major challenge in terms of network definition and routing protocol. Therefore, this paper not only details the IoSat paradigm, but it also analyses the different satellite network models. Furthermore, it evaluates the routing protocol candidates that could be used to implement the IoSat paradigm.
Brain Stability and Neuron Connectivity

In this paper we investigate the relationship between brain stability and the pattern of connections among the neurons composing the brain. We find that for a brain to be stable in the dynamic sense described below it must possess some crosswise or backward connections in addition to any forward connections it may possess. By implication, neural networks composed entirely of forward connections are not stable in the dynamic sense defined in this paper.
ESTIMATION OF THE FREE PARAMETERS IN THE PROBLEM OF EDGE-PRESERVING IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION BY A SHOOTING METHOD

The image restoration problem is a well known ill-posed inverse problem. Thus, to solve it some regularization techniques are necessary. By these techniques the solution of the problem is defined as the minimum of an energy function. In this paper we deal with an energy function dependent on two free parameters. One of these parameters determines the degree of smoothness of the solution. The other one is a weight to pay to incorporate a discontinuity in the restored image. In this paper we present a new method for estimating these two parameters. In particular we propose the use of a function whose value is closed to zero if the estimated variance of the noise is near to the real value of the variance and the estimated reconstructed image is quite piecewise regular and without double edges. To find the zeros of this function, we use a secant method. The experimental results confirm the goodness of such a technique.
Approximate Mean Field for Dirichlet-Based Models

Variational inference is an important class of approximate inference techniques that has been applied to many graphical models, including topic models. We propose to improve the efficiency of mean field inference for Dirichlet-based models by introducing an approximative framework that converts weighted geometric means in the updates into weighted arithmetic means. This paper also discusses a close resemblance between our approach and other methods, such as the factorized neighbors algorithm and belief propagation. Empirically, we find that our approach is accurate and efficient compared to standard mean field.
Large Scale Automated Reading of Frontal and Lateral Chest X-Rays using Dual Convolutional Neural Networks

The MIMIC-CXR dataset is (to date) the largest released chest x-ray dataset consisting of 473,064 chest x-rays and 206,574 radiology reports collected from 63,478 patients. We present the results of training and evaluating a collection of deep convolutional neural networks on this dataset to recognize multiple common thorax diseases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that trains CNNs for this task on such a large collection of chest x-ray images, which is over four times the size of the largest previously released chest x-ray corpus (ChestX-Ray14). We describe and evaluate individual CNN models trained on frontal and lateral CXR view types. In addition, we present a novel DualNet architecture that emulates routine clinical practice by simultaneously processing both frontal and lateral CXR images obtained from a radiological exam. Our DualNet architecture shows improved performance in recognizing findings in CXR images when compared to applying separate baseline frontal and lateral classifiers.
Creep crack simulations using continuum damage mechanics and extended finite element method

In the present work, elasto-plastic creep crack growth simulations are performed using continuum damage mechanics and extended finite element method. Liu–Murakami creep damage model and explicit time integration scheme are used to evaluate the creep strain and damage variable for various materials at different temperatures. Compact tension and C-shaped tension specimens are selected for the simulation of crack growth analysis. For damage evaluation, both local and nonlocal approaches are employed. The accuracy of the extended finite element method solutions is checked by comparing with experimental results and finite element solutions. These results show that the extended finite element method requires a much coarser mesh to effectively model crack propagation. It is also shown that mesh independent results can be achieved by using nonlocal implementation.
Deflated and Augmented Krylov Subspace Methods: A Framework for Deflated BiCG and Related Solvers

We present an extension of the framework of Gaul et al. [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. , 34 (2013), pp. 495--518] for deflated and augmented Krylov subspace methods satisfying a Galerkin condition to more general Petrov--Galerkin conditions. The main goal is to apply the framework to the biconjugate gradient method (BiCG) and some of its generalizations, including BiCGStab and IDR$(s)$. For such applications the assumptions of Gaul et al. were too restrictive. Our abstract approach does not depend on particular recurrences and thus simplifies the derivation of theoretical results. It easily leads to a variety of realizations by specific algorithms. We do not go into algorithmic details, but we show that for every method there are two different approaches for extending it by augmentation and deflation: one that explicitly takes care of the augmentation space in every step, and one that applies the appropriate Krylov subspace method to a projected problem but requires a correction step at the end. The latter ap.
Dietary patterns among a national random sample of British adults

STUDY OBJECTIVES To identify groups within the UK male and female population who report similar patterns of diet. DESIGN National representative dietary survey, using seven day weighed dietary records, of men and women aged 16–64 years living in private households in Great Britain in 1986–7. Cluster analysis was used to aggregate participants into diet groups. SETTING Great Britain. PARTICIPANTS 1087 men and 1110 women. RESULTS 93% of men and 86% of women fell into one of four distinct diet groups. Among men the most prevalent diet group was “beer and convenience food” (34% of the male population); second was “traditional British diet” (18%); third was “healthier but sweet diet” (17.5%) and fourth was “healthier diet “ (17%). Among women, the most prevalent diet group was “ traditional British diet” (32%); second, was “healthy cosmopolitan diet” (25%); third was a “convenience food diet” (21%); and fourth was “healthier but sweet diet” (15%). There were important differences in nutrient profile, sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics between diet groups. CONCLUSIONS Cluster analysis identified four diet groups among men and four among women, which differed not only in terms of reported dietary intakes, but also with respect to nutrient, social and behavioural profiles. The groups identified could provide a useful basis for development, monitoring and targeting of public health nutrition policy in the UK.
Comparison simulated brightness temperature by RTTOV-11 with the measurements from MWHS-II onboard FY-3C satellite

The new generation Microwave Humidity Sounder (MWHSII) is a fifteen-channel microwave radiometer working at central frequency of 89, 118.75, 150 and 183.31GHz onboard FengYun 3C satellite (FY-3C). This paper provides an extensive evaluation of the measurements of MWHS-II with the radiances simulated by atmospheric radiative transfer model RTTOV-11 using ECMWF ERA data in 0.75° grid at 37 vertical levels during 1, Feb 2014 and 31, Dec 2014. Because the brightness temperature over ocean surface is more stable than that over land surface and the emissivity of ocean surface is more accurate than land surface's, only the clear sky data over ocean surface is used for analysis. The analysis was conducted by two part. One is a global comparison of the TB products [1] of MWHS-II with the simulations by RTTOV-11, and the other is analyzing the effects of in-orbit calibration method on TB combined pre-launch thermal vacuum calibration[1]. The results shows that the monthly STD of TB products minor simulations by RTTOV-11 (TB differences) kept stable during the period calculated. And the monthly STD of TB differences are very close to the calibration sensitivity. The monthly means of TB differences is more stable in the channel of 1~5 and 10~12. However in the channel of 7~9 and 13~15, the monthly means of TB differences is more stable in cases corrected by hot bias. The antenna pattern correction contributes to decrease variety range of monthly means of TB differences in the channel of 5~6 and 11~13. A further evaluation on the measurements is progressing.