Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structures and programme supports for Creativity, Action, Service in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme: An implementation study in Turkey

This qualitative multiple-case study examined the implementation of an experiential learning component of an academic curriculum in six high schools in Turkey. Structures and supports that influenced programme implementation were examined using an implementation framework adapted from Durlak and Dupre. The study describes how the experiential learning programme is implemented. Findings indicate four areas that need ongoing attention: (1) supports for programme coordinators, (2) teacher training, (3) integration with academics and (4) school cultures that better support experiential learning.
A multiplatform speech recognition decoder based on weighted finite-state transducers

Speech recognition decoders based on static graphs have recently proven to significantly outperform the traditional approach of prefix tree expansion in terms of decoding speed [1], [2]. The reduced search effort makes static graph decoders an attractive alternative for tasks concerned with limited processing power or memory footprint on devices such as PDAs, internet tablets, and smart phones. In this paper we explore the benefits of decoding with an optimized speech recognition network over the fully task-optimized prefix-tree based decoder IBIS [3]. We designed and implemented a new decoder called SWIFT (Speedy WeIgthed Finite-state Transducer) based on WFSTs with its application to embedded platforms in mind. After describing the design, the network construction and storage process, we present evaluation results on a small task suitable for embedded applications, and on a large task, namely the European Parliament Plenary Sessions (EPPS) task from the TC-STAR project [20]. The SWIFT Decoder is up to 50% faster than IBIS on both tasks. In addition, SWIFT achieves significant memory consumption reductions obtained by our innovative network specific storage layout optimization.
Network Topology Connection Optimization Control Algorithm Based on Network Efficiency and Average Connectivity

In order to achieve optimization control of complex network topology connection and to identify the network topology which with the greatest network connection gain, this paper proposes the network topology connection optimization control algorithm based on network efficiency and average connectivity. The algorithm uses network efficiency to characterize network connectivity gains, uses average network connectivity to characterize network connection costs, and presents its calculational optimization algorithm. When a network has the small-world characteristics, and , the time complexity of the algorithm can reach O (n2). Experimental results show that: the proposed algorithm can increase the connection gain and reduce connection costs.
Practitioner’s Digest

Minority stressors encountered by lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) women are inherently connected to contextual experiences. Although there is a growing body of research on the benefits of gaining political rights and the costs of their denial, little research has focused on the effects of access to LGB-affirmative resources. In the current study with 1,017 women in same-sex relationships, we created profiles using latent class analysis to characterize the contexts in which participants were raised and the contexts in which they lived at the time of the study. We examined differences in interpersonal relationships, internalized heterosexism (IH), and outness across these profiles. Class 1 (28%) included participants who always lived in affirmative contexts with LGB-supportive resources. Class 2 participants (28%) always lived in more heterosexist contexts with few resources. Class 3 participants (44%) originally lived in more heterosexist contexts with few resources but shifted to more affirmative contexts. Class 3 individuals had greater social support and lower IH than Class 2 participants. Classes 1 and 3 had greater outness than Class 2. This study provides evidence linking IH to the lack of contextual supports. Our data also suggest that the quality of relationships for LGB women may remain strong even in heterosexist contexts. Actions that increase affirming resources will provide avenues for more positive identity development and interpersonal relationships for LGB individuals. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub. com/page/pwq/suppl/index .
Experimental demonstration of a binary wire for quantum-dot cellular automata

Experimental studies are presented of a binary wire based on the quantum-dot cellular automata computational paradigm. The binary wire consists of capacitively coupled double-dot cells charged with single electrons. The polarization switch caused by an applied input signal in one cell leads to the change in polarization of the adjacent cell and so on down the line, as in falling dominos. Wire polarization was measured using single islands as electrometers. Experimental results are in very good agreement with the theory and confirm there are no metastable states in the wire.
Prognostic Factors in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients With Weight Loss

There are few reports on factors that determine survival in advanced gastrointestinal cancer with weight loss. In these patients (n = 91, median weight loss 16.6%), we prospectively examined the importance of metastatic spread, anthropometry, blood parameters, Karnofsky performance status, appetite, and the acute-phase response as predictors of survival. Survival was calculated from date of assessment to the most recent clinic attendance (≥30 mo) or until death. On multivariate analysis, metastatic spread (p < 0.05), Karnofsky performance status (p < 0.01), and C-reactive protein concentration (p < 0.001) had independent prognostic value. In locally advanced disease (n = 64), Karnofsky performance status and C-reactive protein concentration remained significant. There was a significantly lower survival in patients with an acute-phase response (median 136 days) than in patients with no response (median 466 days; p < 0.01). Performance status and the acute-phase response are associated, independent of weight loss, with survival duration in advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients.
Viral croup: Diagnosis and a treatment algorithm

Viral croup is a frequent disease in early childhood. Although it is usually self‐limited, it may occasionally become life‐threatening. Mild croup is characterized by the presence of stridor without intercostal retractions, whereas moderate‐to‐severe croup is accompanied by increased work of breathing. A single dose of orally administered dexamethasone (0.15–0.6 mg/kg) is the mainstay of treatment with addition of nebulized epinephrine only in cases of moderate‐to‐severe croup. Nebulized budesonide (2 mg) can be given alternatively to children who do not tolerate oral dexamethasone. Exposure to cold air or administration of cool mist are treatment interventions for viral croup that are not supported by published evidence, but breathing heliox can potentially reduce the work of breathing related to upper airway obstruction. In summary, corticosteroids may decrease the intensity of viral croup symptoms irrespective to their severity on presentation to the emergency department. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:421–429. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Performance analysis of multi-echelon supply chain network through new DSS optimiser

Network modelling becomes more complex as the dimensions and scope of the supply chain expand. Uncertainties in the supply chain usually increase the variance of profit or cost to the company, increasing the likelihood of total supply chain cost. Demand uncertainty and constraints posed by every echelon are important factors to be considered in the supply chain design operations. This paper specifically deals with the modelling and optimisation of a three echelon supply chain network using new optimisation tool, the particle swarm optimisation algorithm, which acts as collaborative design and manufacturing and distribution optimisation tool and essentially involves decision-making processes that require rigorous evaluation, comparison and selection of design and manufacturing solution alternatives and optimisation from a global perspective. Increasing design and manufacturing and distribution knowledge and supporting better collaborations among supply chain agents/partners to make intelligent decisions can result in higher profits to the organisations.
Prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Korea: Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and their association with risk factors in the Korean population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001 was a nationally representative survey with a stratified multistage sampling design. Data from a comprehensive questionnaire, a physical examination, and blood tests were obtained from 5,844 Korean adults (2,513 men and 3,331 women) aged >20 years. RESULTS The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes in this Korean population was 7.6%, and the age-adjusted prevalences of previously diagnosed diabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes were 4.4 and 3.3%, respectively (fasting plasma glucose > or = 7.0 mmol/l). Overall, these results indicate that 8.1% or 1.4 million Korean men and 7.5% or 1.3 million Korean women have diabetes. The age-adjusted prevalence of IFG was 23.9%, using the new American Diabetes Association criteria (fasting plasma glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/l). Diabetes prevalence increased with age and peaked in the oldest age-group; however, IFG prevalence did not show the same trend. Diabetes was found to be associated with age, BMI, blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, education levels, alcohol consumption, exercise, and a family history of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that diabetes and IFG are common in Korea, and about one-half of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed. These results emphasize the need to develop an urgent public program to improve the detection, prevention, and treatment of diabetes.
Proposal : Model-based Acquisition of Deformable Geometry

Acquiring 3D digital models of deforming objects is an open problem with applications in computer animation, simulation, as well as medicine. This doctoral thesis will provide practical ways for acquiring the deforming geometry of human faces, bodies, skin or clothing from real world measurements such as images or range data. Due to the under-constrained nature of this problem (a frontal view of the human body does not constrain the deformation on the back), the presented techniques assume an underlying model of geometry and deformation appropriate for the object of interest (e.g. a hand). This ”representative” model is manipulated within its constraints to match the measurements as best as possible. For faces, the identity, expression, and speech parameters of a multilinear model are automatically extracted from video. For gross body motions, the joint angles of a rigid linked human body model are manipulated to match ultrasonic sensors placed on the subject’s body. For detailed skin/clothing motions, the rigid links will be replaced with moldable surfaces that will be deformed to match high-resolution high-speed range data. These methods will enable the collection of large high-quality human shape, motion and deformation databases, whose impact would extend well beyond computer graphics.
A Fast Multi-label Classification Algorithm Based on Double Label Support Vector Machine

Combing one-versus-one decomposition strategy with support vector machine has become an efficient means for multi-label classification problem. But how to speed up its training and test procedures is still a challenging issue. In this paper, we generalize the primary binary support vector machine to construct a double label support vector machine through locating double label instances at marginal region between positive and negative instances, and then design a fast multi-label classification algorithm using the voting rule. Experiments on benchmark datasets Yeast and Scene illustrate that our novel method can be comparable with some existing methods according to some widely used evaluation criteria, and can run faster 17% averagely than the current corresponding method in training procedure.
Breast Cancer as an Embodied Life Event: A Synthesis of Research and Theory and Directions for Intervention and Future Work

With the present work, we reviewed literature exploring breast cancer and body image and invoked this synthesis as a platform from which to develop (a) theoretical applications for understanding the embodied experience of breast cancer, (b) implications for counseling interventions, and (c) recommendations for continued research. Of particular relevance to our analyses was theory related to the social construction of the female body and also theories related to meaning-making, illness, and loss. Based upon our synthesis, we suggest a counseling approach in which professionals treating breast cancer patients listen for and attend to breast cancer patients' attributions of meaning and consider the varied influences that may contribute to those meanings. Additionally, we propose that researchers invoke qualitative approaches and social constructionist/meaning-making perspectives to build understanding about the ways in which a woman's social roles, embodied history, world views, and other contextual factors shape her embodied experience of breast cancer.
Simplifying and improving swarm-based clustering

Swarm-based clustering has enthused researchers for its ability to find clusters in datasets automatically, and without requiring users to specify the number of clusters. While conventional wisdom suggests that swarm intelligence contributes to this ability, recent works have provided alternative explanation about underlying stochastic heuristics that are really at work. This paper shows that the working principles of several recent SBC methods can be explained using a stochastic clustering framework that is unrelated to swarm intelligence. The framework is theoretically simple and in practice easy to implement. We also incorporate a mechanism to calibrate a key parameter so as to enhance the clustering performance. Despite the simplicity of the enhanced algorithm, experimental results show that it outperforms two recent SBC methods in terms of clustering accuracy and efficiency in the majority of the datasets used in this study.
Drag force, jet quenching, and an AdS/QCD model

In this paper, two important transport observables in the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) experiment\char22{}damping rate and jet quenching parameter\char22{}are calculated from an AdS/QCD model. A quark moving in the viscous medium such as the quark-gluon-plasma is modeled by an open string whose end point travels on the boundary of a deformed ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{5}$ black hole. The correction introduced via the deformed ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{5}$ is believed to help us better understand the data which is expected to be measured in the RHIC.
Agarose gel electrophoresis.

A simple technique for agarose gel electrophoresis allowing the simultaneous separation of 15 samples in less than one hour is described. The method is very suitable for clinical routine analyses of proteins in plasma and other body fluids since a good resolution is obtained with patterns which are easy to interpret. It is also useful for lipoprotein analyses in a slightly modified form. Besides the routine use the technique -could serve as a valuable analytical tool in protein chemistry. The method is easily adapted for preparative work on 5–100 mg scale. The use of purified agarose for separation of proteins not separated in ordinary agarose is also described.
Molecular diagnostics: harmonization through reference materials, documentary standards and proficiency testing

There is a great need for harmonization in nucleic acid testing for infectious disease and clinical genetics. The proliferation of assay methods, the number of targets for molecular diagnostics and the absence of standard reference materials contribute to variability in test results among laboratories. This article provides a comprehensive overview of reference materials, related documentary standards and proficiency testing programs. The article explores the relationships among these resources and provides necessary information for people practicing in this area that is not taught in formal courses and frequently is obtained on an ad hoc basis. The aim of this article is to provide helpful tools for molecular diagnostic laboratories.
An integrated approach to cryptographic mitigation of denial-of-service attacks

Gradual authentication is a principle proposed by Meadows as a way to tackle denial-of-service attacks on network protocols by gradually increasing the confidence in clients before the server commits resources. In this paper, we propose an efficient method that allows a defending server to authenticate its clients gradually with the help of some fast-to-verify measures. Our method integrates hash-based client puzzles along with a special class of digital signatures supporting fast verification. Our hash-based client puzzle provides finer granularity of difficulty and is proven secure in the puzzle difficulty model of Chen et al. (2009). We integrate this with the fast-verification digital signature scheme proposed by Bernstein (2000, 2008). These schemes can be up to 20 times faster for client authentication compared to RSA-based schemes. Our experimental results show that, in the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, fast verification digital signatures can provide a 7% increase in connections per second compared to RSA signatures, and our integration of client puzzles with client authentication imposes no performance penalty on the server since puzzle verification is a part of signature verification.
Effect of brefeldin A on alphaherpesvirus membrane protein glycosylation and virus egress

In this work we used brefeldin A (BFA), a specific inhibitor of export to the Golgi apparatus, to study pseudorabies virus viral glycoprotein processing and virus egress. BFA had little effect on initial synthesis and cotranslational modification of viral glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but it disrupted subsequent glycoprotein maturation and export. Additionally, single-step growth experiments demonstrated that after the addition of BFA, accumulation of infectious virus stopped abruptly. BFA interruption of virus egress was reversible. Electron microscopic analysis of infected cells demonstrated BFA-induced disappearance of the Golgi apparatus accompanied by a dramatic accumulation of enveloped virions between the inner and outer nuclear membranes and also in the ER. Large numbers of envelope-free capsids were also present in the cytoplasm of all samples. In control samples, these capsids were preferentially associated with the forming face of Golgi bodies and acquired a membrane envelope derived from the trans-cisternae. Our results are consistent with a multistep pathway for envelopment of pseudorabies virus that involves initial acquisition of a membrane by budding of capsids through the inner leaf of the nuclear envelope followed by deenvelopment and release of these capsids from the ER into the cytoplasm in proximity to the trans-Golgi. The released capsids then acquire a bilaminar double envelope containing mature viral glycoproteins at the trans-Golgi. The resulting double-membraned virus is transported to the plasma membrane, where membrane fusion releases a mature, enveloped virus particle from the cell.
Dynamic Integrated Transmission Control (DITRAC) over inter-vehicle communications in ITS

The inter-vehicle communications (IVC) is one of the most important technologies to realize advanced intelligent transport systems (ITS). Conventional IVC is vehicle-to-vehicle communication through line of sight communication by millimeter wave in a narrow area. Here, we deal with more progressive IVC in a wide area. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Integrated Transmission Control (DITRAC) for IVC. DITRAC optimizes transmission power and transmission interval of vehicles according to the fluctuation of the communications circumstance of the ad-hoc vehicular communications network. In order to estimate the fluctuation of the neighboring communications, we present an effective and simple method, the road-weight with receiving history (WH) method. The simulations are conducted to show the validity of DITRAC for IVC.
Organophosphate Exposures in the United States: A Longitudinal Analysis of Incidents Reported to Poison Centers

The implementation of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 resulted in a decision by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to phase out and eliminate the use of organophosphate insecticides in residential environments. The phase-out and cancellation process began in the year 2000 and was complete in 2005. The purpose of this investigation was to utilize national Poison Control Center data to assess whether the risk mitigation decision had an impact on the number of incident cases involving organophosphates in the United States. Organophosphate exposure incident data were extracted from Annual Reports of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System (TESS) for the years 1995 to 2004. The number of organophosphate exposure incidents peaked at 20,135 in 1997, and declined in each subsequent year. A statistically significant decrease was observed in the average annual number of organophosphate exposure incidents when comparing data from the time periods before (1995–1999) and after (2000–2004) the commencement of the phase-out process. The decrease in organophosphate incident cases was observed for all age categories, as well as for the circumstances surrounding the exposure (unintentional and intentional exposure incidents). TESS data showed a significant decrease in incident cases involving organophosphates in association with the phase-out from residential uses. The results of this investigation are consistent with other studies that have reported that regulatory restriction of access to pesticide formulations may have a significant impact on the number of human exposure incidents.
Congruence properties of depths in some random trees

Consider a random recursive tree with n vertices. We show that the number of vertices with even depth is asymptotically normal as n ! 1. The same is true for the number of vertices of depth divisible by m for m = 3, 4 or 5; in all four cases the variance grows linearly. On the other hand, for m 7, the number is not asymptotically normal, and the variance grows faster than linear in n. The case m = 6 is intermediate: the number is asymptotically normal but the variance is of order n log n. This is a simple and striking example of a type of phase transition that has been observed by other authors in several cases. We prove, and explain, this non-intuitive behaviour using a translation to a generalized P olya urn. Similar results hold for a random binary search tree; now the number of vertices of depth divisible by m is asymptotically normal for m 8 but not for m 9, and the variance grows linearly in the rst case both faster in the second. (There is no intermediate case.) In contrast, we show that for conditioned Galton{Watson trees, including ran- dom labelled trees and random binary trees, there is no such phase transition: the number is asymptotically normal for every m.