Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Brief, Passive Psychoeducation on Suicide Literacy, Stigma, and Attitudes Toward Help-Seeking Among Latino Immigrants Living in the United States

Latino immigrants underutilize mental health treatment services compared with other ethnic groups, despite rates of mental illness that are comparable with those observed among the general population. With regard to suicidal behavior specifically, twice as many Latino suicide attempters do not seek or receive psychiatric services in the year prior to attempting suicide compared with non-Latino White attempters. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether provision of brief, passive psychoeducation in the form of a brochure could increase suicide literacy (i.e., recognizing suicidal behavior, understanding risk factors and causes of suicidal behavior), reduce stigma toward suicidal behavior, and facilitate more positive attitudes toward help-seeking among a population of first-generation Latino immigrants. We hypothesized the participants randomly assigned to the experimental group receiving psychoeducation regarding suicide would demonstrate greater suicide literacy, less suicide stigma, and more positive attitudes toward help-seeking than participants randomly assigned to the control group receiving psychoeducation about exercise. Results revealed that although psychoeducation did significantly increase suicide literacy, it was not effective at changing stigmatizing attitudes toward suicidal individuals or improving attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. However, lower levels of stigma were associated with more positive attitudes toward seeking help. These findings support the potential for a brief educational intervention to increase literacy among this population, but raise questions about how to effectively reduce stigma and improve attitudes toward treatment-seeking.
Does the Introduction of Futures on Emerging Market Currencies Destabilize the Underlying Currencies?

Recent interest in futures contracts on emerging market currencies has raised concerns among some central bank authorities about their ability to maintain stable currencies. This paper presents empirical results examining the influence of the Mexican peso, the Brazilian real, and the Hungarian forint futures contracts on the respective spot markets. While measures of linear dependence and feedback indicate strong connections between the respective markets, futures volatility does not significantly explain spot market volatility, nor does it increase after futures introductions. To account for the characteristics of the spot and futures returns, a SWARCH model is employed to estimate volatility.
Code smells detection 2.0: Crowdsmelling and visualization

Background: Code smells have long been catalogued with corresponding mitigating solutions called refactoring operations. However, while the latter are supported in several IDEs, code smells detection scaffolding still has many limitations. Another aspect deserving attention is code smells visualization, to increase software quality awareness, namely in large projects, where maintainability is often the dominating issue. Research problems: Researchers have pointed out that code smells detection is inherently a subjective process and that is probably the main hindrance on providing automatic support. Regarding visualization, customized views are required, because each code smell type may have a different scope. Choosing the right visualization for each code smell type is an open research topic. Expected contributions: This research work focuses on the code smells detection and awareness process, by proposing two symbiotic contributions: crowdsmelling and smelly maps. We envisage that such features will be available in a future generation of interactive development environments (aka IDE 2.0). Crowdsmelling uses the concept of collective intelligence through which programmers around the world will collaboratively contribute to the calibration of code smells detection algorithms (one per each code smell), hopefully improving the detection accuracy and mitigating the subjectivity problem. Smelly maps build upon the aforementioned code smells detection capability and on the previous experience at UNIFACS of setting up a software visualization infrastructure. We expect to represent detected code smells at different abstraction levels with the goal of increasing software quality awareness and facilitating refactoring decisions upon large software systems.
The Tenacity of Sex-Role Stereotypes

The Feminist Movement, technological developments and economic changes have led to sex-role confusion. This confusion has influenced thinking about sex-role identity and sex-role stereotypes, which are also seen as a form of prejudice. Counsellors, therapists, theologians, employers, spouses and others are regularly confronted by this confusion. South African sex-role stereotypes have never been assessed nor have they been compared with findings from studies in other cultures. Following a careful conceptualization, a theoretical exposition and an overview of existing instruments and research results, data on local sex-role stereotypes were collected by means of a postal survey in order to establish a baseline of the stereotypical nature and social desirability of 171 characteristics. This information is necessary for the construction of a local sex-role identity scale. The findings indicated that local stereotypes are similar to those found in 25 cultures abroad, although African and western respondents evaluated certain stereotypes differently. The implications of the findings are considered.
Density of States of a-InGaZnO From Temperature-Dependent Field-Effect Studies

Temperature-dependent field-effect measurements were performed on radio-frequency sputtered amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin film transistors (TFTs). We studied the effect of temperature on the TFT electrical properties. We observed that the field-effect mobility (mu) increases and the threshold voltage (V T) shifts negatively with temperature, while the current on-off ratio and subthreshold slope (S) remain almost unchanged. We also observed that the TFT drain current (ID) is thermally activated, and the relation between the prefactor (ID0) and activation energy (E a) obeys the Meyer-Neldel rule. The density of localized gap states (DOS) was then calculated by using a self-consistent method based on the experimentally obtained E a. The result shows good agreement with the DOS distribution calculated from SPICE simulations.
Relationship between intracellular calcium and its muffling measured by calcium iontophoresis in snail neurones.

1. We have measured intracellular free calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) with fura‐2, and intracellular chloride with chloride‐sensitive microelectrodes, in voltage‐clamped snail neurones. By making iontophoretic injections of CaCl2 we have investigated calcium muffling, the sum of the processes which minimize the calcium transient, at different values of [Ca2+]i. 2. By injection of calcium into cell‐sized droplets of buffer we measured the calcium transport index. It was stable over the range pCa 6‐7.4 (0.48 +/‐ 0.06 measured at pCa 6.70 +/‐ 0.12, n = 5). 3. Measurement of intracellular chloride activity during a series of fura‐2‐KCl pressure injections revealed a nearly linear relationship between fura‐2 Ca(2+)‐insensitive fluorescence and the sum of the increments in intracellular chloride. This allowed us to calculate the intracellular fura‐2 concentration ([fura‐2]i). 4. The rate of recovery of [Ca2+]i following a depolarization‐induced load was increased by low [fura‐2]i (10‐20 microM) but decreased by higher [fura‐2]i (40‐80 microM). These effects are consistent with the addition of a mobile buffer to the cytoplasm. 5. Iontophoresis of Ca2+ at various membrane potentials allowed us to calculate the intracellular calcium muffling power (the amount of calcium required to cause a transient tenfold increase in [Ca2+]i per unit volume) and calcium muffling ratio (number of Ca2+ ions injected divided by the maximum increase in [Ca2+]i per unit volume) at different values of [Ca2+]i. 6. Calcium muffling power at resting [Ca2+]i was approximately 40 microM Ca2+ (pCa unit)‐1, (about 250 times less than for hydrogen ions). It increased linearly about fivefold with [Ca2+]i over the range 20‐120 nM (10 cells, 153 measurements) and therefore exponentially with decreasing pCa. 7. The calcium muffling ratio appeared to be constant (361 +/‐ 14, n = 10 cells, 130 measurements) over the range 20‐120 nM Ca2+. 8. In three experiments we modelled the additional calcium buffering power produced by multiple pressure injections of fura‐2 into voltage‐clamped snail neurones. Back‐extrapolation of the increases in calcium buffering power allowed us to calculate the calcium muffling power of the neurones. 9. Small increases in [fura‐2]i (approximately 10 microM) significantly increased intracellular calcium muffling power in individual experiments. However, the variability among neurones in intracellular calcium muffling power was large enough to obscure the additional buffering produced by fura‐2 in pooled experiments.
On the political determinants of intergovernmental grants in decentralized countries: the case of Spain

This paper studies the effect of political vari ables on the gains obtained by Spanish regions in periodical bargaining of the intergovernmental financ ing agreements and on the regional distribution of discretional earmarked grants over the period 1987-2008. First, we find that the relationship betw een gains in transferred revenues and on regional public debt stocks depends on the period and the specific issues discussed in the corresponding negotiation, as ide from political affinity. Second, we show that the most discretional program of earmarked grants is strongly driven by electoral strategy. National incumbents tend to allocate in tergovernmental transfers where there are competitive regional elections. We also show that earmar ked grants are allocated in those regions where the incumbent performs better in national elections and, especially, in those where there are more seats to be w on. Hence we prove that both strategies are complementary rather than exclusive
Determination of Nevirapine and Efavirenz in Plasma Using GC/MS in Selected Ion Monitoring Mode

An accurate, selective, and sensitive method for the determination of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) nevirapine (nvp) and efavirenz (efv) in human plasma using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy in selected ion monitoring mode (GC/MS-SIM) was developed. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) gave extraction yields near 100% for both nvp and efv, and calibration curves were linear over the therapeutic concentration ranges. Variation of intraday and interday precision was below 5%. Intraday and interday inaccuracies varied between 0.6% and 10.4%. The lower limits of detection using a 200-μL plasma sample were 27 ng/mL for nvp and 26 ng/mL for efv, and the lower limits of quantification were 54 ng/mL and 72 ng/mL, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of nvp and efv in plasma specimens of 73 patients in HIV stage III or IV and on antiretroviral treatment in Kigali, Rwanda.
ML and Near-ML Decoding Performance of LDPC Codes over BEC : Bounds and Decoding Algorithms

Performance of maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding on the binary erasure channel for finite length LDPC codes from two random ensembles is studied. The theoretical average spectrum of the Gallager ensemble is computed by using a recurrent procedure and compared to the empirically found average spectrum for the same ensemble as well as to the empirical average spectrum of the Richardson-Urbanke ensemble and spectra of selected codes from both ensembles. Distance properties of the random codes from the Gallager ensemble are discussed. A tightened union-type upper bound on the ML decoding error probability based on the precise coefficients of the average spectrum is presented. A new upper bound on the ML decoding performance of the LDPC codes from the Gallager ensemble based on computing rank of submatrices of the code parity-check matrix is derived. A new low-complexity near-ML decoding algorithm for quasi-cyclic LDPC codes is proposed and simulated. Its performance is compared to the upper bounds on the ML decoding performance.
A PROBABLE NEW GLOBULAR CLUSTER IN THE GALACTIC DISK

We report the discovery of a probable new globular cluster (GC) in the disk of the Milky Way. Visible in the Two Micron All Sky Survey and the GLIMPSE Survey, it has an estimated foreground extinction of AV ∼ 24 mag. The absolute magnitude of the cluster and the luminosity function of the red giant branch are most consistent with that of an old GC with a mass of a few ×105 M☉ at a distance of 4–8 kpc.
Automatic Feature Matching Using Coplanar Projective Invariants For Object Recognition

The correspondence problem has been difficult for object recognition. Typically, good correspondence can only be obtained if the epiploar geometry is known as in the case of stereo image pair, or if the input images are in a video sequence. This paper proposes a new algorithm to incorporate projective invariants for solving the correspondence problem of images taken by an uncalibrated camera. As a result, the displacement of the object in the images is not required to be small. The proposed algorithm uses the cross ratio of coplanar points, an invariant from projective geometry to form the compatibility constraint, which is embedded into an energy function. Although the energy function is in high order form, we show that it can be solved using a standard second order Hopfield network, by taking advantage of the neighborhood information in the data. The proposed method has been tested on a series of real images and performs well.
Explorative Visualization of Log Data to Support Forensic Analysis and Signature Development

Today’s growing number of security threats to computers and networks also increase the importance of log inspections to support the detection of possible breaches. The investigation and assessment of security incidents becomes more and more a daily business. Further, the manual log analysis is essentially in the context of developing signatures for intrusion detection systems (IDS), which allow for an automated defense against security attacks or incidents. But the analysis of log data in the context of fo-rensic investigations and IDS signature development is a tedious and time-consuming task, due to the large amount of textual data. Moreover, this task requires a skilled knowledge to differentiate between the important and the non-relevant information. In this paper, we propose an approach for log resp. audit data representation, which aims at simplifying the analysis process for the security officer. For this purpose audit data and existing relations between audit events are represented graphically in a three-dimensional space. We describe a general approach for analyzing and exploring audit or log data in the context of this presentation paradigm. Further, we introduce our tool, which implements this approach and demonstrate the strengths and benefits of this presentation and exploration form.
BP Neural Network Model Based on the K-Means Clustering to Predict the Share Price

A preprocessing procedure on dense type of data is presented using the error back propagation algorithm. In this paper, K-means are applied to BP neural network such that the data is preprocessed for the neural network. So appropriate pretreatment techniques of data could make the neural network execute more effectively to accept intensive data. Furthermore, some comparisons between the proposed algorithm and other algorithms will be provided. The BP algorithm may be applied to solve more practical nonlinear problem.
Learnability of Augmented Naive Bayes in Nonimal Domains

It is well-known that Naive Bayes can only represent linearly separable functions in binary domains. But the learnability of general Augmented Naive Bayes is open. Little work is done on the learnability of Bayesian networks in nominal domains, a general case of binary domains. This paper explores the learnability of Augmented Naive Bayes in nominal domains. We introduce a complexity measure for nominal functions, and prove upper bounds of the learnability of Augmented Naive Bayes in terms of that measure. Our results deepen our theoretical understanding of the learnability (and limitations) of Naive Bayes, Tree Augmented Naive Bayes, and general Augmented Naive Bayes with diier-ent levels of complexity.
An overview of the X toolkit

The X11 Window System defines a network protocol [6] for communication between a graphics server and an application. The X library [3] provides a procedural interface to the protocol. The X toolkit [4] is an object-oriented construction kit built on top of the X library. The toolkit is used to write user interface components (“widgets”), to organize a set of widget instances into a complete user interface, and to link a user interface with the functionality provided by an application. This paper describes the capabilities and structure of the X toolkit from three viewpoints: application developer, widget writer, and application user. We discuss the toolkit's mechanisms to address inefficiencies caused by the separation of application and server, and by the extensive user configurability of toolkit-based applications. We point out some drawbacks to using the toolkit, and briefly describe the tools being developed to overcome these problems.
Potential Effects of an Invasive Nitrogen-Fixing Tree on a Hawaiian Stream Food Web 1

Abstract: Falcataria moluccana (albizia) is an exotic nitrogen (N)-fixing tree currently invading riparian forests in Hawai'i, U.S.A. This study examined how this invasion is impacting stream ecosystems by using naturally occurring stable isotopes of carbon (C) and N to compare food web structure between a noninvaded and an albizia-invaded stream reach on the island of Hawai'i. Isotopic signatures of particulate organic matter (POM), macroalgae, invertebrates, and fishes were collected and compared between the two stream reaches. Stable C isotopic signatures of organic matter sources (POM and macroalgae) and consumers (amphipods, caddisflies, crayfish, and fishes) from the invaded site were depleted in 13C compared with the noninvaded site. In contrast, all samples from the invaded site were enriched in 15N compared with the noninvaded site. Results from IsoSource and two-source mixing models suggested that albizia was a major contributor to diets of lower-level consumers within the invaded site, displacing POM and macroalgae as their major food sources. Albizia was also an indirect C and N source for higher-level consumers within the invaded site because albizia was the major dietary constituent of their prey. In addition, 15N enrichment of the macroalgae at the invaded site suggests that albizia may be an important N source to benthic primary producers and could be further altering the food web from bottom up. Our study provides some of the first evidence that invasive riparian N-fixing trees can potentially alter the structure of stream food webs.
Clostridium septicum alpha-toxin is proteolytically activated by furin

Clostridium septicum alpha-toxin is secreted as an inactive 46,450-Da protoxin. The protoxin is activated by proteolytic cleavage near the C terminus, which eventually causes the release of a 45-amino-acid fragment. Proteoytic activation and loss of the propeptide allow alpha-toxin to oligomerize and form pores on the plasma membrane, which results in colloidal-osmotic lysis. Activation may be accomplished in vitro by cleavage with trypsin at Arg367 (J. Ballard, Y. Sokolov, W. L. Yuan, B. L. Kagan, and R. K. Tweten, Mol. Microbiol. 10:627-634, 1993), which is located within the sequence KKRRGKR367S. A conspicuous feature of this site is a recognition site (RGKR) for the eukaryotic protease furin. Pro-alpha-toxin (AT[pro]) that was digested with trypsin or recombinant soluble furin yielded the 41,327-Da active form (AT[act]). A mutated alpha-toxin in which the furin consensus site was altered to KKRSGSRS at the cleavage site (AT[SGSR]) was cleaved and activated by trypsin but not by furin. In cytotoxicity assays, wild-type Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and furin-deficient CHO (FD11) cells were killed by AT(pro) but not by AT(SGSR). Both cell types were killed by AT(SGSR) that was preactivated with trypsin. Propidium iodide uptake assays revealed that FD11 cells were approximately 22% less sensitive to AT(pro) than were CHO cells. AT(pro)-induced cell lysis of FD11 cells, assessed by propidium iodide uptake, was partially prevented by leupeptin (5 mM) and completely prevented by antipain (2.5 mM). The inhibition by antipain suggested the presence of cysteine or serine proteases that could also activate AT(pro). These findings demonstrate that furin is involved in the activation of C. septicum alpha-toxin on the cell surface but that alternate eukaryotic proteases can also activate the toxin. Regardless of the activating protease, the furin consensus site appears to be essential for the activation of alpha-toxin on the cell surface.
Structural Brain Network: What is the Effect of LiFE Optimization of Whole Brain Tractography?

Structural brain networks constructed based on diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) have provided a systems perspective to explore the organization of the human brain. Some redundant and nonexistent fibers, however, are inevitably generated in whole brain tractography. We propose to add one critical step while constructing the networks to remove these fibers using the linear fascicle evaluation (LiFE) method, and study the differences between the networks with and without LiFE optimization. For a cohort of nine healthy adults and for 9 out of the 35 subjects from Human Connectome Project, the T1-weighted images and dMRI data are analyzed. Each brain is parcellated into 90 regions-of-interest, whilst a probabilistic tractography algorithm is applied to generate the original connectome. The elimination of redundant and nonexistent fibers from the original connectome by LiFE creates the optimized connectome, and the random selection of the same number of fibers as the optimized connectome creates the non-optimized connectome. The combination of parcellations and these connectomes leads to the optimized and non-optimized networks, respectively. The optimized networks are constructed with six weighting schemes, and the correlations of different weighting methods are analyzed. The fiber length distributions of the non-optimized and optimized connectomes are compared. The optimized and non-optimized networks are compared with regard to edges, nodes and networks, within a sparsity range of 0.75–0.95. It has been found that relatively more short fibers exist in the optimized connectome. About 24.0% edges of the optimized network are significantly different from those in the non-optimized network at a sparsity of 0.75. About 13.2% of edges are classified as false positives or the possible missing edges. The strength and betweenness centrality of some nodes are significantly different for the non-optimized and optimized networks, but not the node efficiency. The normalized clustering coefficient, the normalized characteristic path length and the small-worldness are higher in the optimized network weighted by the fiber number than in the non-optimized network. These observed differences suggest that LiFE optimization can be a crucial step for the construction of more reasonable and more accurate structural brain networks.
Bioinformatics Based Understanding of Effect of Mutations in the Human β Tubulin Outside Drug Binding Sites and its Significance in Drug Resistance

RESEARCH ARTICLE Bioinformatics Based Understanding of Effect of Mutations in the Human β Tubulin Outside Drug Binding Sites and its Significance in Drug Resistance Selvaa Kumar C, Debjani Dasgupta and Nikhil Gadewal School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai 400614, India Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India