Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intention of Tehran University (Case Study of Engineering Campus)

Entrepreneurship is the engine of economics of human society. In most countries, entrepreneurship, and especially start up of new businesses is most essential matter. Intention to run business is the base of entrepreneurial action. People, who have entrepreneurial intention, expect to start businesses in the future. In this study, we evaluated the impact of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. Women entrepreneurship is very important economic matter. Today, many of developed and developing countries, focus on the importance of women entrepreneurship and the enterprises founded by them (GEM, 2010). In this study, we implemented two modified questionnaire: first; Shapero's entrepreneurial intention questionnaire (Shapero, 1982) and Entrepreneurial self-efficacy questionnaire (DeNoble, et al., 1999). In order to analyze gathered data, we used SPSS11 Software, regression and Coefficient. Result shows that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has positive effect on entrepreneurial intention.
International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. The subtlety of alkylating agents in reactions with biological macromolecules.

Genotoxic agents known to modify DNA by alkylation reactions (alkylating agents, AAs), either directly or after metabolic conversion to ultimately reactive intermediates, by no means represent a homogeneous class. For instance, their effectiveness for genotoxic damage, when expressed as the number of events (e.g., mutations) per unit exposure dose, varies over a more than 1-million-fold range in dose. Despite the multiplicity of chemical and biological processes involved between DNA adduct formation and expression of genotoxic damage, the principal aims of studies on structure-activity relationships (SARs) are to (a) dissect the multi-step process of genetic damage formation into its most essential components, (b) use SARs for making predictions and, at a later step (c) as a basis for regulatory measures. The analytical tools available for such a comprehensive analysis in eukaryotic systems include determination of multiple genetic endpoints: molecular mutation spectra, relative clastogenicity (clastogenic events in relation to forward mutation induction) and the quantitative measure of enhanced mutagenicity in repair-deficient conditions. The genetic activity profiles obtained in this way can then be compared with fundamental physico-chemical properties of the AAs under consideration (such as Swain-Scott's s value, a useful indicator of the selectivity of an AA in its reactions with nucleophiles of distinct nucleophilic strength n in DNA, RNA and proteins), their functionality (monofunctional versus cross-linking) and their tumorigenic potency (TD50s compared with measures of initial DNA interaction, i.e., O6-/N7-alkylguanine ratios, s values or the covalent binding index determined in the liver in vivo). The combination of these different methods revealed that carcinogenic potencies of AAs in rodents vary over a 10,000-fold range in dose, with the extremes having the following characteristics: (i) Chemicals of a relatively "high carcinogenic potency", as indicated by a low TD50 in rodents, either have low nucleophilic selectivity (and therefore mainly act through O-alkylation in DNA) or are capable of cross-linking DNA. The monofunctional members of this group, typified by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, are active in both spermatogonia and post-spermatogonial stages in the mouse and in Drosophila. Cross-linking agents also have a low TD50 value in rodents but are expected generally not to display genetic action in premeiotic stages (exceptions mitomycin C and chlorambucil). (ii) A relatively low carcinogenic potential is associated with AAs of high Swain-Scott s values, typified by trimethyl phosphate, epichlorohydrin or methyl methanesulphonate. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Attitudes and Beliefs About the Acceptability and Justness of Peer Victimization of Lesbian and Gay University Students

ABSTRACT We evaluated the acceptability and justness of anti-lesbian and gay victimization among 473 undergraduates. Participants were assigned to one of four vignette conditions that described an individual being verbally victimized in a typical college setting. Each vignette varied by victim gender (male; female) and sexual orientation (lesbian/gay; heterosexual). Participants completed background questionnaires and a measure that assessed the acceptability of the actions described in the vignettes. Overall, victimization was rated as unacceptable regardless of the sexual orientation and gender of the victim. However, participants rated the victimization of lesbian and gay students as more harmful and unjust than victimization of heterosexual students. Although the acceptability of anti-lesbian and gay victimization was low, 3%–12% of participants rated anti-lesbian and gay victimization as slightly or completely acceptable and just. Given that victimization is associated with long-term negative outcomes, college administrators should consider interventions aimed at decreasing the acceptability of victimization among students.
ATF 3 protects against pressure overload heart failure via autophagy molecule beclin-1 pathway

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.L., H.-F.L., S.-H.J); Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-F.C.); Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-H.C.); Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (H.-H.C.); Department of Emergency Medicine, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan (P.-F.L.); Department of Internal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (J.-J.C.); Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan (C.-F.C.). Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward. Published on February 18, 2014 as doi:10.1124/mol.113. 090092
A new look at the latent demand for sport and its potential to deliver a positive legacy for London 2012

The current policies in England for increasing participation in sport have clear strategies and targets which were devised as part of a desire for an Olympic legacy at grassroots level from London 2012. One of the five legacy targets for the games was to introduce an additional 1 million people into regular participation by 2013, known as the ‘1 million indicator’. Two national surveys have been developed by the Department for Culture Media and Sport (Taking Part) and Sport England (Active People) alongside the Mosaic Tool from Experian. The surveys can track changes in participation and improve our understanding of participation and non-participation. This has allowed Sport England to develop 19 market segments which improve its understanding of attitudes towards sport. Secondary analysis undertaken on the results challenges the idea that latent demand for sport is present only in those individuals who do not currently participate. A strategic approach to attract and engage those individuals who currently do not achieve the recommended target of three sets of 30 minutes of sport a week, but exhibit latent demand for sport and physical activity, should be the key target group to focus on as part of the London 2012 legacy targets. National policies now have a greater potential to be implemented at a micro-level using the market segmentation profiles in clear catchment areas alongside strategic tools such as the Ansoff matrix and process of engagement/theory of behaviour-change models.
Optimal Relay Selection and Power Allocation for Cognitive Two-Way Relaying Networks

In this paper, we present an optimal scheme for power allocation and relay selection in a cognitive radio network where a pair of cognitive (or secondary) transceiver nodes communicate with each other assisted by a set of cognitive two-way relays. The secondary nodes share the spectrum with a licensed primary user (PU), and each node is assumed to be equipped with a single transmit/receive antenna. The interference to the PU resulting from the transmission from the cognitive nodes is kept below a specified limit. We propose joint relay selection and optimal power allocation among the secondary user (SU) nodes achieving maximum throughput under transmit power and PU interference constraints. A closed-form solution for optimal allocation of transmit power among the SU transceivers and the SU relay is presented. Furthermore, numerical simulations and comparisons are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme.
Pro bono service sheds new light into commercial friendship

Providers of professional services, such as management consultants, marketing communication, and legal service firms recognize the importance of fostering long-term relationships between consultants and their clients. At a more sophisticated level, the relationship could be examined via the notion of ‘commercial friendships’. The notion suggests that both parties may derive the non-commercial value from a relationship formed for commercial reasons. However, how a non-commercial value of a business relationship is perceived by both the service providers and the clients is not well understood. In a professional service setting, providing skilled services at a reduced rate or free of charge for a client is considered a pro bono work. The value of these services remains unexplored in marketing literature. To address this gap, we conducted exploratory, qualitative research that examined the consultant–client relationship from the perspective of both individuals in a context of pro bono service.
Enhanced CORILGA: Introducing the Automatic Phonetic Alignment Tool for Continuous Speech

The “Corpus Oral Informatizado da Lingua Galega (CORILGA)” project aims at building a corpus of oral language for Galician, primarily designed to study the linguistic variation and change. This project is currently under development and it is periodically enriched with new contributions. The long-term goal is that all the speech recordings will be enriched with phonetic, syllabic, morphosyntactic, lexical and sentence ELAN-complaint annotations. A way to speed up the process of annotation is to use automatic speech-recognition-based tools tailored to the application. Therefore, CORILGA repository has been enhanced with an automatic alignment tool, available to the administrator of the repository, that aligns speech with an orthographic transcription. In the event that no transcription, or just a partial one, were available, a speech recognizer for Galician is used to generate word and phonetic segmentations. These recognized outputs may contain errors that will have to be manually corrected by the administrator. For assisting this task, the tool also provides an ELAN tier with the confidence measure of each recognized word. In this paper, after the description of the main facts of the CORILGA corpus, the speech alignment and recognition tools are described. Both have been developed using the Kaldi toolkit.
Hyperspectral image segmentation method based on spatial-spectral constrained region active contour

Hyperspectral image provides rich information of ground covers, which has been brought great attention. Combining hyperspectral spatial and spectral constraint, an image segmentation method based on region active contour is proposed in this paper. The energy function in Chan-Vese's method is improved and both spatial and spectral information are employed. Spatial term of the function is restricted by global spatial information and intensity consistency in homogeneous region, while spectral term is restricted by spectral similarity of the target. Finally the image is segmented by minimizing the energy function. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments are conducted on AVIRIS data. Results show that the method can extract indistinct contours of interested target in hyperspectral image, and reduce the influence caused by mixed pixels and the shadows around the target, and also adapts to complex scene in some degree.
Influences of pre- and post-veraison cluster thinning treatments on grape composition variables and monoterpene levels of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon Blanc

Grape composition plays important role for wine grapes in terms of wine grape quality. Besides, monoterpenes are a chemical class of compounds present in many highly aromatic Vitis vinifera L. cultivars belonging to Muscat family and some other special cultivars. One of these special grape cultivars is Sauvignon Blanc, and in this study, cluster thinning and its treatment times were used for a tool to increase quality attributes of cv. Sauvignon Blanc. The effects of cluster thinning times at different stages of berry development [B+4W (Bloom +4 Week), B+6W (Bloom +6 Week), B+8W (Bloom +8 Week), B+10W (Bloom +10 Week) and B+12W (Bloom +12 Week)] on grape quality and yield components of cv. Sauvignon Blanc grapevines were investigated during the vegetation period of year 2008. Crop reduction by cluster thinning was roughly 37.5% in yield per grapevine. Grape composition characteristics (FVT (free volatile terpenes), PVT (potentially volatile terpenes), TSS (total soluble solids), TA (total acidity), pH, contents of K + and Na + ) and yield components (berry width, berry length, berry weight, cluster width, cluster length, cluster weight) were variously influenced by cluster thinning times. Canopy density as measured by point quadrat analysis differed among the cluster-thinned grapevines at different thinning times. In spite of differences in canopy density and cluster thinning times, grape composition and yield attributes were not statistically found to be significant except juice pH. Between pre- and post-veraison treatments, cluster thinning at B+8W especially improved grape quality characteristics of cv. Sauvignon Blanc.
Retention by the endoplasmic reticulum of rotavirus VP7 is controlled by three adjacent amino-terminal residues

The rotavirus outer capsid glycoprotein, VP7, is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-associated glycoprotein in both infected and transfected cells. It was previously demonstrated in this laboratory and by others that both the cleaved signal sequence (H2) and the first NH2-terminal 61 amino acids of VP7 are sufficient and necessary for ER retention of this molecule. Using site-specific mutagenesis and transfection techniques, we show that residues Ile-9, Thr-10, and Gly-11 were specifically necessary for ER retention. These results further define the ER retention sequence of VP7 and demonstrate that conservative changes, apparently innocuous in only three adjacent amino acids, can lead to major solubility and compartmentalization changes. It was found that placement of the first 31 mature NH2-terminal residues of VP7, in addition to the cleaved ER translocation signal sequence, was sufficient to retain the enzymatically active chimeric alpha-amylase in the ER; this enzyme is normally secreted. Deletions of the residues Ile-9, Thr-10, and Gly-11 within the amylase chimera containing 31 VP7 amino acids resulted in secretion of enzymatically active protein. It was also observed that the residues of VP7 presented in certain chimeras were able to abolish alpha-amylase enzymatic activity. These chimeras are presumably misfolded since it was demonstrated by pulse-chase experiments that these molecules are degraded in the ER. We surmise that a favorable conformation is necessary for retention since ER retention and activity of the chimeras depend on the primary sequence context.
Support Vector Machine for Determining Dose of Dialysis

Calculation of dose of haemodialysis using blood-based modelling is subject to controversies as it is based on unrealistic assumptions. This paper proposes the use of dialysate-based modelling by SVMs to calculate the delivered dose of dialysis. The authors use the solute removal index (SRI), which is correlated to the amount of urea removed, for calculating the dose. The SVM model was trained to recognise the evolution of weight, blood urea nitrogen concentration and solute removal index with respect to time and then used to predict the solute removal index. When the estimated SRI values were compared to the actual SRI values determined by the standard method, the prediction errors were small. This paper is the first demonstration that SVM regression can predict delivered dose of haemodialysis with a clinically acceptable accuracy. The result is an effective technique that will offer the physician a better guide to the monitoring and prescription of haemodialysis therapy thereby reducing the mortality rate among patients.
Switching barriers in consumer markets: an investigation of the financial services industry

Much research looks at why customers switch service organizations but there has been less focus on why customers do not switch service organizations, even though they have seriously considered doing so. In light of this, we present an analysis of the literature and develop a list of potential switching barriers. These switching barriers are then empirically tested within two financial services industries. Results from over 400 consumers enable us to ascertain not only the importance of each switching barrier but also to develop a more parsimonious understanding of these barriers, through factor analysis. The results reveal similar patterns in the two industries in respect to switching barriers. The first of the four factors contains reasons related to apathy, the second factor contains negative reasons for customers staying with their current service provider, the third factor relates to relationship variables and the final factor relates to service recovery. Results clearly indicate that the first two factors are far more important than the latter two in terms of why customers stay even when they seriously considered leaving.
Discovery and characterization of a novel irreversible EGFR mutants selective and potent kinase inhibitor CHMFL-EGFR-26 with a distinct binding mode

EGFR T790M mutation accounts for about 40-55% drug resistance for the first generation EGFR kinase inhibitors in the NSCLC. Starting from ibrutinib, a highly potent irreversible BTK kinase inhibitor, which was also found to be moderately active to EGFR T790M mutant, we discovered a highly potent irreversible EGFR inhibitor CHMFL-EGFR-26, which is selectively potent against EGFR mutants including L858R, del19, and L858R/T790M. It displayed proper selectivity window between the EGFR mutants and the wide-type. CHMFL-EGFR-26 exhibited good selectivity profile among 468 kinases/mutants tested (S score (1)=0.02). In addition, X-ray crystallography revealed a distinct “DFG-in” and “cHelix-out” inactive binding mode between CHMFL-EGFR-26 and EGFR T790M protein. The compound showed highly potent anti-proliferative efficacy against EGFR mutant but not wide-type NSCLC cell lines through effective inhibition of the EGFR mediated signaling pathway, induction of apoptosis and arresting of cell cycle progression. CHMFL-EGFR-26 bore acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrated dose-dependent tumor growth suppression in the H1975 (EGFR L858R/T790M) and PC-9 (EGFR del19) inoculated xenograft mouse models. Currently CHMFL-EGFR-26 is undergoing extensive pre-clinical evaluation for the clinical trial purpose.
Local maximum likelihood detection method for MIMO systems

The paper proposes a local maximum likelihood signal detection method which has very low complexity and good performance. The method is composed of two stages. First, linear detection (e.g., zero forcing detection) is used to obtain the initial estimated signal vector, then, local ML detection is performed over restricted search vectors which are chosen around the initial estimated symbol based on two rules (rule A and rule B). Because the selection of these search vectors is operated within each transmit antenna signal constellation instead of all hyperplanes as sphere decoding, and only neighboring points are considered, both the selection and search complexities can be reduced significantly. The performances with rules A and B are comparable to that of the ordering MMSE and the lattice-reduction-aided MMSE successive-interference-cancellation (LR MMSE SIC) detection, respectively, while the complexity is only a small fraction of theirs.
Risk Analysis: A Geometric Approach

R isk management and quantitative methods are typically considered to be almost interchangeable, even to the extent that risk management requires or depends on quantitative sophistication. Although a quantitative perspective can certainly be useful in risk management, too often quantitative methods and analytical elegance provide the illusion of control over risk. Such approaches make investors feel as if they have grasped uncertainty and dealt with it simply by the act of quantifying it. But risks, by their very nature, are unexpected. So, quantitative methods should not turn confidence into arrogance; rather, what quantitative methods should do is allow investors (and portfolio managers) to look at risk in new ways-to try to manage risk in ways that they previously could not do, or were not necessarily comfortable doing. This presentation discusses a process that uses Euclidean geometry to visualize risk. Such an approach is somewhat avant-garde for risk management and is decidedly quantitative, but the intent is to illustrate a tool that enables quantitative risk managers to communicate with nonquantitative portfolio managers and nonquantitative clients. Although the approach applies to any investment horizon, this discussion takes a relatively long-term perspective on risk-one that is typical of an investment policy perspective-and allows direct analysis of portfolio risk and portfolio constraints.