Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting youth for work in New Zealand: a case study of the Samoan experience

Pasifika people are a youthful population group. It is important therefore that Pasifika youth have opportunities to live fulfilling and satisfying lives where they can achieve their dreams, support themselves and their families and make valuable contributions to their local communities, their country and global communities now and in the future. Government and local city councils have become more proactive in developing strategies that will assist young people to be part of an inclusive economy. One of the key areas identified, is the transitioning of low achieving and disengaged school leavers into further education, skills training or employment. Hence the government's and the councils' shared goals of implementing the Mayors' Taskforce for Jobs in 2007, which is to ensure that all youth between 15-19 years of age are in employment, education, training or other activities that lead to their long-term economic independence and wellbeing (Ministry of Youth Development, 2004). Transition courses provide bridging alternatives for youth transitioning from school to employment. They are designed to provide extra help for students who leave school with low or no qualifications. In some cases youth find themselves out of favour with mainstream education and have been forced to end secondary schooling prematurely. Transition learning gives youth a second chance at education by improving their employment marketability. This research highlights the rich stories of Samoan male youths' transitional journeys. The study discusses the critical factors that have contributed either positively or negatively in their ability to transition successfully into the workplace. Eight Samoan male participants were involved in the study ranging from 18-21 years of age. This research topic has evolved from the researcher's involvement in working with South Auckland Pasifika youth for over four years. Some of these youth have been traumatised by their school experiences and have had to face some enormous barriers when transitioning from school into the work place or further tertiary education. After selecting the topic, research frameworks that would be most appropriate for the research were explored. The researcher shares similar cultural and personal experiences
Impression management through people tagging in the enterprise: Implications for social media sampling and design

People tagging allows a person to tag one’s self or others; it is reciprocal and therefore has social implications. The main uses of corporate people tagging systems are for building internal social networks, solving problems, and seeking expertise. We explored the statistical and terminological relation between self-presentation and perception by others as reflected by the use of tags in a people tagging system within a large enterprise. Due to the features of the power law distribution of the data, two different samples were analyzed. Using content analysis, we found that when there are few self or social tags, users prefer to use tags from the Environment and Technology categories, providing tags that tend to be objective or factual. When tagging approaches saturation, it becomes more subjective and social, using tags from the Individual category. Self-tags tend to be more factual describing technology expertise while social tags augment the individual tags by adding a personal dimension. The more people tag and get tagged, the more terminological overlap develops. We conclude by providing practical advice on how to create a sustainable system by balancing originality and duplication using interactivity and feedback.
Adherence to stress-related mucosal damage prophylaxis guideline in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit

Objective: Concern about adverse effects of the inconsistent use of stress-related mucosal damage prophylaxis in intensive care unit (ICU) is increasing. Hence, this study was designed to prospectively evaluate the rate of inappropriate stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) administration upon ICU admission, at ICU discharge and determine the adherence to American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) guideline during ICU stay. Methods: In this study, 200 patients were randomly selected from all ICU admissions during 9 months. Risk factors of stress ulcer were recorded daily during ICU stay and appropriateness of SUP administration was assessed according to the ASHP criteria. Findings: Of all 160 (80%) patients who received SUP, 44.4% did not have indication; and among 95 patients with an indication for SUP administration, 6.3% did not receive it upon ICU admission. Consequently, 77 (38.5%) of 200 patients received inappropriate prophylaxis on ICU admission. In addition, 53.5% of patients had appropriate adherence to ASHP guideline during all days of ICU stay (44% and 2.5% of patients received SUP more than 120% and <80% of appropriate SUP duration, respectively). Moreover, 81.2% were continued on inappropriate prophylaxis upon transfer from the ICU. Conclusion: We concluded that although SUP administration included both overutilization and underutilization in this ICU, but high prevalence of SUP overutilization caused unnecessary hospital costs, personal monetary burden, and may increase adverse drug reactions. Therefore, educating physicians and cooperation of clinical pharmacists regarding implementing standard protocols could improve patterns of SUP administration.
Strategy Creation in the Periphery: Inductive Versus Deductive Strategy Making

Although strategy process research has provided careful and in-depth descriptions and examinations of strategy, micro-level processes and activities have been less commonly evaluated, especially as regards strategy creation and development. This paper examines how managers create and develop strategy in practice. A dual longitudinal case methodology, including a single in-depth study combined with a multiple retrospective study is used, involving four multinational companies. The findings show a twofold character of strategy creation, including fundamental different strategy activities in the periphery and centre, reflecting their diverse location and social embeddedness. Strategy making in the periphery was "inductive", including externally oriented and exploratory strategy activities like trial and error, informal noticing, experiments and the use of heuristics. In contrast, strategy making in the centre was more "deductive" involving an industry and exploitation focus, and activities like planning, analysis, formal intelligence and the use of standard routines. Copyright 2003 Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
MOHA: Many-task computing meets the big data platform

Many-Task Computing (MTC) has been a new computing paradigm that aims to bridge the gap between traditional High-Throughput Computing (HTC) and High-Performance Computing (HPC). MTC applications from various scientific domains such as pharmaceuticals, astronomy, physics often consist of a very large number (from thousands to even billions) of data-intensive (tens of MB of I/O per second) tasks with relatively short per task execution times (from seconds to minutes). Each task in MTC applications may require relatively small amount of data processing especially compared to existing Big Data applications typically based on larger data block sizes (e.g. the default block size in Hadoop is 64MB). However, they can consist of much larger numbers of tasks where each task communicates through files instead of message passing interfaces such as MPI in HPC applications. Therefore, MTC can be another type of data-intensive workload where a large number of data processing tasks should be efficiently processed within a relatively short period of time. In this paper, we present design and implementation of MOHA (Many-task computing On HAdoop) which can make an effective convergence of MTC technologies and the existing Big Data platform Hadoop. MOHA is developed as a Hadoop YARN application so that it can transparently co-host existing MTC applications with other Big Data processing frameworks such as MapReduce in a single Hadoop cluster. Our evaluation results based on microbenchmark show that MOHA can substantially reduce the overall execution time of many-task processing with minimal amount of resources compared to an existing Hadoop YARN application. In addition, MOHA can efficiently dispatch a large number of tasks which can be crucial to support challenging MTC applications. MOHA can bring many interesting research issues related to data grouping and declustering on Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS), scalable job/metadata management, dynamic task load balancing which can ultimately contribute to a new data processing framework in the YARN based Hadoop 2.0 ecosystem.
Paving the Road towards Eco-effectiveness: Exploring the Link between GHG Emissions and Firm Performance

Climate change has increasingly attracted business attention over the last decade, focusing particularly on the eco‐efficiency debate. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, we contribute to the ongoing debate on the effects of environmental strategies on firm performance. We investigate this relationship by considering the relative greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) as a predictor of the eco‐efficiency of firms' environmental strategies. GHG emissions are a direct indicator of the environmental performance and effectively measure the firm's efforts in mitigating the impacts related to its processes and products. Second, we investigate the drivers that lead to an increase in the firm's environmental impact under the conditions of increasing market performance by the firm, therefore paving the road to the concept of eco‐effectiveness of corporate environmental strategies. To test our hypotheses, we use a sample of worldwide listed companies derived from the S&amp;P 1200 list. A longitudinal analysis is run through generalized least squares regression models over the period 2004–2016. Results offer evidence of the direct relationship between the level of absolute emissions and market performance of the firm. Therefore, the findings have significant implications on the way we conceptualize corporate environmental sustainability and environmental strategies, shedding new light on the relation between environmental pressures and corporate growth.
An Empirical Analysis of Stock Market Integration: Comparison Study of Singapore and Malaysia

Using a GARCH (1,1) model, this paper compares the extent to which financial sector liberalization in Singapore and Malaysia each has led to integration of its domestic equity market with external markets. The results show that the level of integration of the domestic markets with the external markets is higher when MSCI regional and global data are used, as compared to when individual country data are used to proxy regional and global markets. Inferences are made about the preferred pace of liberalization in Singapore, as well as, the impact of the Asian financial crisis and capital control measures imposed in Malaysia on financial integration, in the respective countries under study.
Volatility Forecasts Based on Data Sampled at Different Frequencies

Measuring and modeling unobservable volatility is one of the key issues in finance and risk management. Value at Risk (VaR) is a natural application of volatility estimates and therefore allows to differentiate between volatility estimation approaches. In this paper we consider daily VaR measures for WIG20 index using one-step-ahead forecasts of volatility in a crisis period. We compare forecasts from GARCH family models based on daily data with forecasts from HAR-RV and ARFIMA models for realized volatility based on intraday returns. Both VaR forecasts obtained from models that use intraday information in defining volatility and simple models based on daily returns deliver similar results. However, when loss functions are considered, HAR-RV models allow to minimize opportunity cost of capital.
Three-stage model for robust real-time face tracking

We propose a novel face tracking framework, the three-stage model, for robust face tracking against interruptions from face-like blobs. For robust face tracking in real-time, we considered two critical factors in the construction of the proposed model. One factor is the exclusion of background information in the initialization of the target model, the extraction of the target candidate region, and the updating of the target model. The other factor is the robust estimation of face movement under various environmental conditions. The proposed three-stage model consists of a preattentive stage, an assignment stage, and a postattentive stage with a prerecognition phase. The model is constructed by means of effective integration of optimum cues that are selected in consideration of the trade-off between true positives and false positives of face classification based on a context-dependant type of categorization. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed tracking method improves the performance of the real-time face tracking process in terms of success rates and with robustness against interruptions from face-like blobs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 17, 321–327, 2007
Deadline, Energy and Buffer-Aware Task Mapping Optimization in NoC-Based SoCs Using Genetic Algorithms

In Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) based on Networks-on-Chip (NoCs), the timing requirements of target applications can be met by using virtual channels and traffic differentiation mechanisms to prioritize the most urgent communication streams. However, the use of virtual channels in NoCs results in silicon and power overheads as they are usually implemented by means of additional buffers and multiplexers. In this context, this paper presents an optimization flow to perform the mapping of applications on NoC-based SoCs, aiming to meet the time requirements and minimize the costs arising from the use of virtual channels. The optimization flow applies a multi-objective heuristic that minimizes the communication deadline miss ratio, the number of virtual channels per router and the static power consumption. The heuristic is based on the NSGA-II genetic algorithm and performs task mapping, priority assignment, and virtual channel configuration. The proposed mapping optimization is evaluated by measuring the inter-task communication latency using a cycle-accurate NoC simulator. The optimization flow is able to identify a series of mappings that represent trade-offs over the metrics of interest, reducing the deadline miss ratio and the costs associated with virtual channels.
Preferential Apoptosis of HIV-1-Specific CD4+ T Cells1

In contrast to other viral infections such as CMV, circulating frequencies of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood are quantitatively diminished in the majority of HIV-1-infected individuals. One mechanism for this quantitative defect is preferential infection of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells, although <10% of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells are infected. Apoptosis has been proposed as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV/AIDS. We show here that, within HIV-1-infected individuals, a greater proportion of ex vivo HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells undergo apoptosis compared with CMV-specific CD4+ T cells (45 vs 7.4%, respectively, p < 0.05, in chronic progressors). The degree of apoptosis within HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells correlates with viral load and disease progression, and highly active antiretroviral therapy abrogates these differences. The data support a mechanism for apoptosis in these cells similar to that found in activation-induced apoptosis through the TCR, resulting in oxygen-free radical production, mitochondrial damage, and caspase-9 activation. That HIV-1 proteins can also directly enhance activation-induced apoptosis supports a mechanism for a preferential induction of apoptosis of HIV-1-specific CD4+ T cells, which contributes to a loss of immunological control of HIV-1 replication.
Biological Markers in Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Trials in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review

Objectives The therapeutic effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with major depression have shown promising results; however, there is a lack of mechanistic studies using biological markers (BMs) as an outcome. Therefore, our aim was to review noninvasive brain stimulation trials in depression using BMs. Methods The following databases were used for our systematic review: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and SCIELO. We examined articles published before November 2012 that used TMS and transcranial direct current stimulation as an intervention for depression and had BM as an outcome measure. The search was limited to human studies written in English. Results Of 1234 potential articles, 52 articles were included. Only studies using TMS were found. Biological markers included immune and endocrine serum markers, neuroimaging techniques, and electrophysiological outcomes. In 12 articles (21.4%), end point BM measurements were not significantly associated with clinical outcomes. All studies reached significant results in the main clinical rating scales. Biological marker outcomes were used as predictors of response, to understand mechanisms of TMS, and as a surrogate of safety. Conclusions Functional magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, cortical excitability, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor consistently showed positive results. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was the best predictor of patients’ likeliness to respond. These initial results are promising; however, all studies investigating BMs are small, used heterogeneous samples, and did not take into account confounders such as age, sex, or family history. Based on our findings, we recommend further studies to validate BMs in noninvasive brain stimulation trials in MDD.
The Corporate State: Corporatism and the State Tradition in Western Europe

Buku ini memberikan informasi tentang neo-korporatisme: teori teori politik neo-korporatisme, neo-korporatisme dan akuntabilitas, coorporatisme dan akuntabilitas, neo-korporatisme dalam praktik: studi kasus, dari pluralisme ke pluralisme, dan lainya.
Competing Higher Education Futures in a Globalising World

Globalisation, together with readier access to capability-enhancing technologies and to technological insights once restricted to a few leading economies, are resulting in greater competition within Europe, and more widely within the developed world, for influence of all kinds (not just influence over the choices that foreign students make about the Higher Education courses on offer to them from Europe, but also influence of a more overtly imperialist kind, extending to the policies, incomes and futures of others). This article looks at trends in one important market for European Higher Education, the Middle East (particularly the GCC countries), which has many providers from North America and Australia. As observed by the late Edward Said, the USA is particularly forceful in the Middle East. Its technological superiority is accompanied by fervour to introduce American methods and curricula, and strong belief in their merit, reminiscent of the belief of the old French empire that ‘France had a “mission civilisatrice”, to civilize the natives”. The danger, highlighted in a recent UNESCO report ‘New Ignorances, New Literacies’, is that the natives will not be listened to. Is Europe listening more or less than the USA, and is it being listened to? Despite attention-gaining initiatives such as the proposed European Institute of Technology, EIT, and the commitment of EU governments to the Lisbon goals on competitiveness, there are indications of a drop in the influence of European Higher Education institutions in the Middle East. This paper explores the kinds of issues that may be at work, and the implications for European Higher Education policy.
Do people care for a sustainable future? Evidence from happiness data

While the various streams of environmentalism agree in claiming that the current patterns of economic activity are unsustainable for natural resources, they disagree in answering the following question: who is the responsible? Two different answers have been provided: the people or the socio-economic system. The first answer claims that people are inter-temporally greedy. Unsustainable economic patterns simply reflect the little importance that current generations attribute to the living standard of future generations. According to the second answer instead, people would prefer a more sustainable path of the economy but some failure of the socio-economic system prevent this outcome. We provide a test of the basic hypothesis on which these two views diverge: the degree of people’s concern for the conditions of life of future generations. We derive this information by estimating the relationship between people’s current subjective well-being and their expectations about the living standard of future generations, i.e. a future far enough to concern only future generations. According to the first view, people’s expectations about the future should have weak or null influence on people’s current well-being. On the contrary, the second view implies that such influence should be positive and remarkable. We use various international and national survey data to estimate a standard happiness regression augmented with people’s expectation about the future. Results suggest that current well-being is sharply and negatively associated to a negative expectation of the future. Where possible, we use 2SLS to account for possible endogeneity between the expectations about the future and current well-being. We find that expecting the worst (the best) for future generations has a very large negative (positive) impact on subjective well-being. This conclusion supports the view that current problems of sustainability are due to some failure of the socio-economic organization and not to the inter-temporal greed of human beings.
Return to work after knee replacement: a qualitative study of patient experiences

Objective An increasing number of patients in the working population are undergoing total knee replacement (TKR) for end-stage osteoarthritis. The timing and success of return to work is becoming increasingly important for this group of patients with social and economic implications for patients, employers and society. There is limited understanding of the patient variables that determine the ability to return to work. Our objective was (from the patient's perspective) to gain an insight into the factors influencing return to work following knee replacement. Setting and participants This qualitative study was undertaken in a secondary-care setting in a large teaching hospital in the north of England. Semistructured interviews were carried out with 10 patients regarding their experiences of returning to work following TKR. Outcomes Interviews were transcribed and analysed using a qualitative thematic approach to identify the factors influencing return to work from the patient's perspective. Results Three themes were identified that influenced the process of return to work, from the patient's perspective. These were delays in surgical intervention, limited and often inconsistent advice from healthcare professionals regarding return to work, and finally the absence of rehabilitation to optimise patient's recovery and facilitate return to work. Conclusions There is currently no consistent process to optimise return to work for patients of working age after TKR. The impact of delayed surgical intervention, limited advice regarding return to work, and a lack of work-focused rehabilitation, all contribute to potential delays in successful return to work. There is a need to change the focus of healthcare provision for this cohort of patients, and provide a tailored healthcare intervention to optimise patient outcomes.