Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Umbilical Cord Blood Progenitors: The Potential of These Hematopoietic Cells to Become Neural

The mononuclear fraction from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) contains a significant number of stem/progenitor cells that in theory could be come any cell in the body, including neurons. Taking into consideration that transdifferentiation would be a very rare event and also knowing that overlapping genetic programs for hematopoiesis and neuropoiesis exist, we undertook a characterization of the HUCB mononuclear fraction, including analysis of cellular subpopulations and their morphology, cell viability, proliferation, and expression of neural and hematopoietic antigens. Two cell populations were apparent—adherent and floating fractions. The adherent fraction was mainly lymphocytes (∼53%) expressing hematopoietic antigens. Upon replate, the floating population had many cells that expressed stem cell antigens. More of the cells in this subfraction expressed neural proteins. Neurotrophin receptors trkB and trkC were present in both cell fractions, although expression was higher in the floating fraction. Our initial characterization suggests that a subpopulation of cells exists within the HUCB mononuclear fraction that seems to have the potential to become neural cells, which could then be used in the development of cell‐based therapies for brain injuries and diseases.
eCAF: A new tool for the conversational analysis of electronic communication

Electronic communication is characteristically concerned with 'the message' (eM), those who send them (S) and those who receive and read them (R). This relationship could be simplified into the equation eM = S + R. When this simple equation is applied to electronic communication several elements are added that make this straightforward act of sending and receiving a message more complex. These new elements are characteristics such as asynchronicity, unknown senders and readers, non-linear text and the absence of non-verbal cues. What is apparent is that the complexity of these messages lies in their impact outside the online environment. It is clear from the messages themselves that the information is being applied to real, authentic contexts and is not limited to the online environment. Conversational analysis frameworks must attempt to understand this complexity if the meaning of electronic messages is to be understood. This paper proposes a new conversational analysis framework, the Electronic Conversational Framework (eCAF), for use with electronic communication. The Electronic Conversational Framework (eCAF) has been designed as a new methodological tool that incorporates the unique virtual/real worlds that individuals participate in and links these two locations to the phases of electronic discussions.
An Improved Noise-Tolerant Domino Logic Circuit for High Fan-in Gates

Dynamic logic circuits are used for high performance circuits. Wide OR gates are employed for high speed processors, DRAM, SRAM and high speed logic circuits. Dynamic logic circuits are used for their high performance, but their high noise and extensive leakage has caused some problems for these circuits. However, dynamic CMOS circuits are inherently less resistant to noise than static CMOS gates. So, for dynamic CMOS, the first improvement has to be noise tolerance for the overall reliable operation of VLSI chips designed using deep submicron process technology. In this paper, we propose a new domino logic circuit scheme to reduce subthreshold leakage current in standby mode and to improve noise immunity for wide OR gates. The conditions for our simulations are: Berkeley CMOS 70nm predictive technology for simulated results [1], 0.9V power supply and bottleneck operating temperature of 110°C. Simulation results on 8, 16, 32 and 64 inputs OR gates showed improvements from 2.116X to 15.83X compared with other conventional techniques. Furthermore, while there is an area overhead of 13% compared with 8-input FLSDL, we have achieved a decreased area of 5%, 23% and 33% compared with 16, 32, and 64-input footless standard domino logic (FLSDL) respectively.
Nuclear Receptors and Inflammatory Diseases

It is well known that the steroid hormone glucocorticoid and its nuclear receptor regulate the inflammatory process, a crucial component in the pathophysiological process related to human diseases that include atherosclerosis, obesity and type II diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and liver tumors. Growing evidence demonstrates that orphan and adopted orphan nuclear receptors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, liver x receptors, the farnesoid x receptor, NR4As, retinoid x receptors, and the pregnane x receptor, regulate the inflammatory and metabolic profiles in a ligand-dependent or -independent manner in human and animal models. This review summarizes the regulatory roles of these nuclear receptors in the inflammatory process and the underlying mechanisms.
Isolation and Characterization of the Human Cytochrome P450 CYP1B1 Gene*

Previously, we identified a novel human cytochrome P450 cDNA that is inducible by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and represents the first member of a new subfamily designated cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1; Sutter, T. R., Tang, Y. M., Hayes, C. L., Wo, Y. P., Jabs, E. W., Li, X., Yin, H., Cody, C. W., and Greenlee, W. F. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 13092-13099). Here, we report on the isolation and initial characterization of the CYP1B1 gene. The CYP1B1 gene maps to human chromosome 2 at 2p21-22 and contains three exons and two introns. The putative open reading frame starts in the second exon and is 1629 base pairs in length. Southern analysis using DNA probes directed to each of the three exons confirmed that CYP1B1 is a single copy gene. Human CYP1B1 differs from its two most closely related members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, in the number of exons (3 versus 7) and chromosome location (2 versus 15). A single transcription initiation site was identified by primer extension analysis and S1 nuclease mapping. Based on nucleotide sequence analysis, the CYP1B1 gene lacks a consensus TATA box in the promoter region and contains nine TCDD-responsive enhancer core binding motifs (5′-GCGTG-3′) located within a 2.5-kilobase pair genomic fragment 5′-ward of the transcription initiation start site. Deletion analysis of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene constructs containing 5′ CYP1B1 genomic fragments indicates that a region from −1022 to −835 containing three of the nine core binding motifs contributes to the TCDD-inducible expression of CYP1B1.
Socio-demographic correlates of mental and behavioural disorders of children in southern Ethiopia.

OBJECTIVE To describe the magnitude and socio-demographic correlates of specific mental and behavioural disorders. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. SETTING Butajira district, southern Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS The Amharic version of the Diagnostic Instrument for Children and Adolescents (DICA) was used to interview parents of 1,477 children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Disruptive behaviour disorders, mood and anxiety disorders. RESULTS Using a multivariate logistic model, age was significantly associated with ADHD. Children between 10 and 14 years of age had more than three-fold increased risk of ADHD compared to younger children: adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR, 95% CI) = 3.17 (1.16, 8.67), p=0.02. Residence in urban area was also significantly associated with ADHD: adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.84 (1.14-7.07), p=0.03. Disruptive behaviour disorders were significantly associated with increasing age: adjusted OR (95% CI) = 4.24 (1.43, 12.6). Mood and anxiety disorders were not significantly associated with any of the sociodemographic variable studied. CONCLUSION The study shows that age and residence in urban areas are significant correlates of behavioural disorders in children.
Asthma, Inhaled Corticosteroid Use, and Bone Mass in Prepubertal Children

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the role of asthma, asthma severity, and medication usage in bone mineralization of prepubertal children. Asthma severity, medication usage, and physical activity were assessed by questionnaire and objective measures in 330 children. Bone densitometry and body composition were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Asthma ever was reported by 110 subjects (33%). A diagnosis of asthma was not associated with any deficit in bone mass, whereas usage of inhaled cortico-steroids (ICS) in the last year (but not past use) was associated with deficits in bone in the total body (only after adjustment for confounders), particularly for doses of ≥400 μg/day. These observations support current recommendations with regard to ICS usage in children, but require confirmation in longitudinal studies.
An Efficient Global Point Cloud Descriptor for Object Recognition and Pose Estimation

This paper presents a global point cloud descriptor to be used for efficient object recognition and pose estimation. The proposed method is based on the estimation of a reference frame for the whole point cloud that represents an object instance, which is used for aligning it with the canonical coordinate system. After that, a descriptor is computed for the aligned point cloud based on how its 3D points are spatially distributed. Such descriptor is also extended with color distribution throughout the aligned point cloud. The global alignment transforms of matched point clouds are used for computing object pose. The proposed approach was evaluated with a publicly available dataset, showing that it outperforms major state of the art global descriptors regarding recognition rate and performance and that it allows precise pose estimation.
Reduced DC circuit breaker requirement on mixed converter HVDC networks

Recently proposed meshed HVDC networks include both converters and DC circuit breakers, and the fault currents experienced and therefore the capacity requirement of circuit breakers are dependent on the topology of converters used on the network. This paper analyses the difference in fault currents seen in various network configurations utilising fault-feeding and fault-blocking converters. Results are presented showing the reduced fault currents seen in the regions of the DC network where fault current limiting converters have been implemented, which could have an impact on the topology, current rating and therefore size and cost of the circuit breaker.
Social Issues in Contemporary African American Young Adult Fiction

Tato diplomova praca pojednava o socialnej problematike znazornenej v literature pre mladež pisanej afroamerickými autormi. Teoreticka casť prace je zamerana na opis sucasných literarnych trendov vo vseobecnosti, rozvoj anglicky pisanej literatury pre mladež a afroamerickej literatury pre mladež. Pojednava o socialnej problematike suvisiacej s rodinným životom, skolským prostredim, rasovou problematikou a hľadanim vlastnej identity. V analytickej casti su porovnane diela Toni Morrisonovej (The Bluest Eye), Maye Angelouovej (I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings), Connie Porterovej (Imani All Mine), Angely Johnsonovej (The First Part Last) a Variana Johnsona (My Life as a Rhombus), ktore vznikli v predchadzajucich desaťrociach. Navzdory tomu, že od ich vzniku uplynul len kratky cas, temy a publikum, ktoremu su diela urcene, sa zmenili. Cieľom tejto prace je poukazať na rozdiely a podobnosti v literarnych dielach týchto afroamerických autorov.
Prognostic factors for renal amyloidosis: a clinicopathological study using cluster analysis.

OBJECTIVE There is no standardized therapy for renal amyloidosis, which shows rapid progression and poor prognosis. Here, we used cluster analysis to examine the correlation between amyloid-related renal damage and prognosis, and determined the clinicopathological prognostic factors for renal amyloidosis. METHODS AND PATIENTS We analyzed 125 patients with renal amyloidosis (men/women: 43/82; mean age at renal biopsy: 58.8+/-11.1 years, +/-SD; range: 21-78 years). Cluster analysis was performed using clinical parameters, renal histological findings, type of renal amyloidosis, and follow-up data. We also analyzed survival data. RESULTS We divided 125 cases (prognosis was checked in 97 [77.6%] cases) into three groups by cluster analysis. In the cluster groups, accelerated progression correlated with serum creatinine (s-Cr) levels at renal biopsy and histological grade of renal damage by amyloid deposition (p<0.0001). The most important prognostic factors were glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular lesions induced by amyloid deposition at biopsy (p<0.0001). We also found that amyloid-A (AA) type amyloidosis correlated is more significantly with amyloid-mediated vascular (P=0.0010) and tubulointerstitial lesions (p=0.0705) than with amyloid-L (AL) type amyloidosis. Proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome were more severe in AL than AA amyloidosis (p=0.0836). The 10-year individual survival rate was about 20%, and most deaths were due to cardiovascular disease and infection. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the quantity of amyloid deposition in the kidney, and the extent of glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular damage are significant renal prognostic factors in amyloidosis.
Towards Better Outliers Detection for Gene Expression Datasets

This paper compares the performance of three clustering algorithms on the task of outlier's detection. The goal is to illustrate that better clustering indicates better detection of outliers. k-means (KM), Bisecting k-means (BKM) and the partitioning around medoids (PAM) algorithms are each combined with the clustering-based outliers detection (Find CBLOF) method. Undertaken experimental results over four gene expression datasets where outliers are presented show that the clustering solutions of the PAM algorithm enable the Find CBLOF algorithm to discover more outliers than those of both the k-means and the bisecting k-means algorithms. The main reason for this is that PAM provides better clustering quality than that of the other two clustering algorithms on the tested datasets measured by external and internal quality measures.
A new constructive logic: classic logic

There are two ways to present this work; the most efficient is of course to start with the main syntactical definitions, and to end with semantics: this is the presentation that we follow in the body of the text: section 1, syntex; section 2, semantics. Another possibility is to follow the order of discovery of the concepts, which (as expected) starts with the semantics and ends with the syntex; we adopt this second way for our introduction, hoping that this orthogonal look at the same object will help to apprehend the concepts.
Estimation of genetic parameters of test day fat and protein yields in Brazilian Holstein cattle using an autoregressive multiple lactation animal model

This study was aimed to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for daily fat and protein yields of Brazilian Holstein cattle, using an autoregressive test day multiple lactations (AR) animal model. Data consisted of test day (TD) records produced by Holstein cows under milk recording supervised by the Brazilian Holstein Association, calving from 1993 to 2004. Medium to high heritability estimates (from 0.18 to 0.30 and from 0.30 to 0.43 for fat and protein TD yields, respectively) suggest opportunities for larger genetic gain by selection. Results from this study confirm the potential of using TD yields to replace the lactation model to estimate breeding values of Holstein cows in Brazil. Further studies are needed to compare these results with other modelling approaches e.g., the RR model.
Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

DESCRIPTION Update of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in asymptomatic adults. METHODS The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality commissioned 2 systematic reviews on screening for and treatment of HCV infection in asymptomatic adults, focusing on evidence gaps identified in the previous USPSTF recommendation and new studies published since 2004. The evidence on screening for HCV in pregnant women was also considered. POPULATION This recommendation applies to all asymptomatic adults without known liver disease or functional abnormalities. RECOMMENDATION The USPSTF recommends screening for HCV infection in persons at high risk for infection. The USPSTF also recommends offering 1-time screening for HCV infection to adults born between 1945 and 1965. (B recommendation).
Saliency-guided eye movement during free-viewing in schizophrenic patients.

Patients with schizophrenia show various kinds of abnormality in eye movements. Recent studies showed that such abnormalities, including the shorter scanpath during free-viewing of natural images, is able to use as an efficient biomarker for schizophrenia. Here we extended our previous work (Miura et.al. 2014 Schizophr Res) and examined whether such difference in eye movements during free-viewing arises from the way in which their attention is drawn to specific features of the visual stimuli. The age-matched subjects (41 patients and 72 healthy controls) viewed 56 natural and/or complex images including faces, scenes and so on. During 8 seconds of viewing time for each image, eye movements were recorded using an eye tracker (EyeLink 1000). We calculated the saliency map of the images for low-level features (luminance, L-M, S-Lum and orientation) based on our previous work (Yoshida et.al. 2012 Curr. Biol.). Then we evaluated the time course of the saliency value at the position of the gaze. The luminance saliency was highest for the first fixation and went down during the 8-sec viewing time in the healthy controls. This is also true for patient group but the luminance saliency was consistently higher in the patients than in the healthy controls (repeated measures ANOVA, F1,111=5.78, P=0.017). The saliency for other features showed different time course. By combining saliency values for different features (4 models * 8 time points), we constructed a classifier in which patients and controls are distinguished with 83% accuracy. These results suggest that the abnormality in eye movements during visual exploration can be explained, at least partly, by dysregulated saliency in the patients. Meeting abstract presented at VSS 2015.
The role of the European centre for the validation of alternative methods (ECVAM) in the validation of (Q)SARs

Under the current chemicals legislation, the regulatory use of structure-activity relationships (SARs) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), collectively referred to as (Q)SARs, for the assessment of chemicals is limited, partly due to concerns about the extent to which (Q)SAR estimates can be relied upon. On 29 October 2003, the European Commission adopted a legislative proposal that foresees the introduction of a new regulatory system for chemicals called REACH (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorisation of Chemicals), which will impose equivalent information requirements on both new and existing chemicals. For reasons of practicality, cost-effectiveness and animal welfare, it is envisaged that (Q)SARs will play an important role in the assessment of some 30,000 existing chemicals for which further information may be required under the REACH system. It will therefore be essential that the (Q)SAR models used will produce reliable estimates. To overcome the barriers in the acceptance of (Q)SARs for regulatory purposes, it is widely acknowledged that there needs to be international agreement on the principles of (Q)SAR validation, and that the process of (Q)SAR validation should be managed by independent organisations, with a view to providing independent advice to the regulators who make decisions on the acceptability of (Q)SARs. The European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), which is part of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC), has a well-established role in providing independent scientific and technical advice to European policy makers. This paper describes progress made at an international level regarding the principles of validation, and explains the role of ECVAM regarding the practical validation of (Q)SARs.
Hierarchical pattern classification for high performance text-independent speaker verification systems

A new algorithm, the hierarchical speaker verification algorithm, is introduced. This algorithm employs a set of unique mapping functions determined from an enrolment utterance that characterize the target voice as a multidimensional martingale random walk process. For sufficiently long verification utterances, the central limit theorem insures that the accumulated scores for the target speaker will be distributed normally about the origin. Impostor speakers, which violate the martingale property, are distributed arbitrarily and widely scattered in the verification space. Excerpts of verification performance experiments are given and extensions to the algorithm for handling noisy channels and speaker template aging are discussed. <<ETX>>
Untangling search task complexity and difficulty in the context of interactive information retrieval studies

Purpose – One core element of interactive information retrieval (IIR) experiments is the assignment of search tasks. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical review of current practice in developing those search tasks to test, observe or control task complexity and difficulty. Design/methodology/approach – Over 100 prior studies of IIR were examined in terms of how each defined task complexity and/or difficulty (or related concepts) and subsequently interpreted those concepts in the development of the assigned search tasks. Findings – Search task complexity is found to include three dimensions: multiplicity of subtasks or steps, multiplicity of facets, and indeterminability. Search task difficulty is based on an interaction between the search task and the attributes of the searcher or the attributes of the search situation. The paper highlights the anomalies in our use of these two concepts, concluding with suggestions for future methodological research related to search task complexity and d.
ProtNN: Fast and Accurate Nearest Neighbor Protein Function Prediction based on Graph Embedding in Structural and Topological Space

Studying the function of proteins is important for understanding the molecular mechanisms of life. The number of publicly available protein structures has increasingly become extremely large. Still, the determination of the function of a protein structure remains a diﬃcult, costly, and time consuming task. The diﬃculties are often due to the essential role of spatial and topological structures in the determination of protein functions in living cells. In this paper, we propose ProtNN , a novel approach for protein function prediction. Given an unannotated protein structure and a set of annotated proteins, ProtNN ﬁnds the nearest neighbor annotated structures based on protein graph pairwise similarities. ProtNN assigns to the query protein the function with the highest number of votes across the set of k nearest neighbor reference proteins, where k is a user deﬁned parameter. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that ProtNN is able to accurately classify several datasets in an extremely fast runtime compared to state-of-the-art approaches.