Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficiency Analysis of Per-Subcarrier Antenna Selection with Peak-Power Reduction in MIMO-OFDM Wireless Systems Ngoc

The use of per-subcarrier antenna subset selection in OFDM wireless systems offers higher system capacity and/or improved link reliability.However, the implementation of the conventional per-subcarrier selection schememay result in significant fluctuations of the average power and peak power across antennas, which affects the potential benefits of the system. In this paper, power efficiency of high-power amplifiers and energy efficiency in per-subcarrier antenna selection MIMO-OFDM systems are investigated. To deliver the maximum overall power efficiency, we propose a two-step strategy for data-subcarrier allocation.This strategy consists of an equal allocation of data subcarriers based on linear optimization and peak-power reduction via cross-antenna permutations. For analysis, we derive the CCDF (complementary cumulative distribution function) of the power efficiency as well as the analytical expressions of the average power efficiency. It is proved from the power-efficiency perspective that the proposed allocation scheme outperforms the conventional scheme. We also show that the improvement in the power efficiency translates into an improved capacity and, in turn, increases energy efficiency of the proposed system. Simulation results are provided to validate our analyses.
Peptidoglycan induces bradykinin receptor 1 expression through Toll‐like receptor 2 and NF‐κB signaling pathway in human nasal mucosa‐derived fibroblasts of chronic rhinosinusitis patients

Numerous studies have demonstrated that Gram‐positive microbiomes play an important role in the pathogenesis and in the way of treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Kinins are inflammatory mediators and one of their receptors, namely bradykinin receptor 1 (BKR1 or B1R), is believed to be induced and involved in inflammation in pathophysiological conditions. In the present study, we investigated the effect of peptidoglycan (PGN), a major cell wall component of G(+) bacteria, on BKR expression and its signaling pathway in nasal fibroblasts from CRS without nasal polyp (CRSsNP). The PGN induced increases in B1R mRNA and protein production. The induction was abolished by the NF‐κB and protein kinase A inhibitor. In parallel, the PGN treatment directly activated IκB/NF‐κB signaling and CREB phosphorylation. Interestingly, a further analysis suggested no involvement of cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in this induction. The B1R expression and IκB/NF‐κB signaling pathway could be attenuated by Toll‐like receptor‐2 (TLR2) blocking/neutralizing Ab. In a functional assay, the addition of B1R selective agonist (Des‐Arg10‐kallidin) to the fibroblasts after PGN stimulation led to an increase in CXCL8 release and p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which could be inhibited by the B1R antagonist. Taken together, our results revealed for the first time that PGN can increase B1R expression in human nasal mucosa‐derived fibroblasts through TLR2 activation and NF‐κB signaling pathway. This induction functionally leads to MAPKs activation and CXCL8 release upon B1R stimulation. Our results also suggest that a major component of G(+) bacteria can participate in B1R upregulation in nasal mucosa during CRSsNP progression.
Miniature rotation robot for full-orientation imaging under microscopy

Viewing areas of object with high magnification has been an essential requirement in many fields, including biology, material, industry and so on. Although the current microscopes have enabled to provide high observation resolution up to nanometer scale, the imaging orientation is usually limited to one fixed direction. This paper reports a novel miniature rotation robot for the full-orientation imaging under microscopy. Firstly, the miniature rotation robot is constructed by three miniature motors, including one rotation motor and two linear motors. Secondly, an alignment method and alignment parameters optimization are proposed to align the sample onto the rotation axis of the robot. After the miniature robot with sample stage is put under the lens of the microscopy, the sample is imaged from 360° by rotating the robot continuously. To highlight the versatility of this system, we demonstrate the full-orientation imaging under optical microscopy (OM). Comparing with current techniques, this novel system could provide more image information from full-orientation, which will have significant impacts in defect inspection, material characterization and other related fields.
An interview‐based study of nonattendance at screening for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in older women: Nonattendees’ perspectives

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study explored nonattendees' perspectives on a screening programme for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus among women aged 60-77 years. BACKGROUND Nonattendance in screening is a common concern and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Whether nonattendees need targeted information to participate in screening is unknown. Thus, it is important to explore the reasons for nonattendance, particularly as nonattendees' perspectives have not been fully explored. DESIGN An interview study. METHODS The data were obtained through semistructured interviews with 10 women sampled from a population who declined to participate in a women's screening programme for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, reflective notes on the interview context were documented. The data were collected in 2013. Kvale and Brinkmann's method for data analysis was applied. RESULTS All informants found the screening offer personally irrelevant, but this belief was changeable. The informants' perceptions of screening were based on subjective health and risk beliefs, personal knowledge of diseases and the screening programme, and distrust in the healthcare system. CONCLUSION Personal experiences, beliefs and self-protective strategies influence individuals' subjective interpretations of a screening programme's relevance. The perception that screening is irrelevant seems to be rooted in nonattendees' personal health-related assessment and knowledge. Consequently, whether nonattendance is determined by an informed decision is questionable. Negative experiences with the healthcare system led to hesitation towards screening in general. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study is relevant to healthcare workers as well as decision-makers from a screening and preventive perspective. The findings highlight important issues that should be addressed to encourage invitees to accept screening invitations and to facilitate informed decision-making about screening participation.
Ambulance Clinical Triage for Acute Stroke Treatment: Paramedic Triage Algorithm for Large Vessel Occlusion

Background and Purpose— Clinical triage scales for prehospital recognition of large vessel occlusion (LVO) are limited by low specificity when applied by paramedics. We created the 3-step ambulance clinical triage for acute stroke treatment (ACT-FAST) as the first algorithmic LVO identification tool, designed to improve specificity by recognizing only severe clinical syndromes and optimizing paramedic usability and reliability. Methods— The ACT-FAST algorithm consists of (1) unilateral arm drift to stretcher <10 seconds, (2) severe language deficit (if right arm is weak) or gaze deviation/hemineglect assessed by simple shoulder tap test (if left arm is weak), and (3) eligibility and stroke mimic screen. ACT-FAST examination steps were retrospectively validated, and then prospectively validated by paramedics transporting culturally and linguistically diverse patients with suspected stroke in the emergency department, for the identification of internal carotid or proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion. The diagnostic performance of the full ACT-FAST algorithm was then validated for patients accepted for thrombectomy. Results— In retrospective (n=565) and prospective paramedic (n=104) validation, ACT-FAST displayed higher overall accuracy and specificity, when compared with existing LVO triage scales. Agreement of ACT-FAST between paramedics and doctors was excellent (&kgr;=0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.79–1.0). The full ACT-FAST algorithm (n=60) assessed by paramedics showed high overall accuracy (91.7%), sensitivity (85.7%), specificity (93.5%), and positive predictive value (80%) for recognition of endovascular-eligible LVO. Conclusions— The 3-step ACT-FAST algorithm shows higher specificity and reliability than existing scales for clinical LVO recognition, despite requiring just 2 examination steps. The inclusion of an eligibility step allowed recognition of endovascular-eligible patients with high accuracy. Using a sequential algorithmic approach eliminates scoring confusion and reduces assessment time. Future studies will test whether field application of ACT-FAST by paramedics to bypass suspected patients with LVO directly to endovascular-capable centers can reduce delays to endovascular thrombectomy.
Resource allocation algorithm for maximizing network utility in LTE network with dual connectivity

To achieve the flexible traffic offloading, significant user throughput improvement and mobility robustness, the Dual Connectivity (DC) is regarded as a promising technology in the future heterogeneous network. Recently, many technological issues on the resource allocation in heterogonous network have been studied, including how to improve overall system utility and fairness among users, but most studies assume all the involved UEs are with the capability of dual Radio. From the perspective of telecommunication operators, the experience of legacy UE with single radio should be also ensured in the initial phase of DC deployment. Different from the existing works, we investigate a radio resource allocation problem in LTE heterogeneous network with non-ideal flow control between MeNB and SeNB, as well as considering the penetration ratio of DC-capable UE. In order to reduce the computation complexity of the optimization problem, an optimal distributed resource allocation strategy is derived based on the indirect decomposition by introducing the reserved resource of macro cell. Lastly, the simulation results are provided to verify our analytical result, and demonstrate the improvement of both overall system utility and the fairness of resource allocation by the proposed algorithm.
Proposing an efficient approach for malware clustering

Recently, malwares in security threats have a top rank which can damage computing systems and networks seriously. Over time malwares become more complicated and detection of them gets harder. Because traditional techniques such as signature based were not successful to detect metamorphic malwares, machine learning algorithms have been used to detect them. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) has been successfully used in speech recognition, pattern recognition, part-of-speech tagging and biological sequence analysis. Previous work has shown that HMM is a convincing method for malware detection. However, some advanced metamorphic malwares have demonstrated to be more challenging to detect with these techniques. In this paper, we use clustering techniques with the probabilities as features based on HMM to the malware detection problem. In fact, we use clustering as classifier to detect malware. We compute clusters with K-means and Expectation Maximization algorithms. Results revealed that using clustering instead of HMM based approach, can have reasonable accuracy for metamorphic malware detection.
The barriers to the prevention of ventilator‐associated pneumonia from the perspective of critical care nurses: A qualitative descriptive study

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of Iranian critical care nurses on the barriers to ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention in intensive care units. BACKGROUND Most patients hospitalized in intensive care units need mechanical ventilation. One of the most prevalent and serious complications of mechanical ventilation is ventilator-associated pneumonia. There are different barriers to the prevention of this kind of pneumonia. DESIGN Qualitative descriptive design was used. METHODS In this qualitative study, 23 critical care nurses were recruited via purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were done for data collection. The interviews were recorded digitally, transcribed word by word, and analyzed using the inductive content analysis approach. RESULTS The barriers to the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia fell into three main categories, namely nurses' limited professional competence, unfavorable environmental conditions, and passive human resource management. The 10 subcategories of these main categories were unfavorable professional attitude, limited professional knowledge, low job motivation, limited professional accountability, non-standard physical structure, inadequate or inappropriate equipment, heavy workload, staff shortage, inadequate staff training, and ineffective supervision. CONCLUSION The barriers to the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units are very diverse and complex and include a wide range of interrelated personal, environmental, and organizational barriers. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study created a better understanding of the barriers to ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention. Moreover, highlighted the importance of sufficient resources, adequate staffing level, and contextually-appropriate evidence-based guidelines for effective ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention.
Openness to Changing Religious Views Is Related to Radial Diffusivity in the Genu of the Corpus Callosum in an Initial Study of Healthy Young Adults

A quest orientation to religion is characterized by a search for answers to complex existential questions, a perception of religious doubt as positive, and an openness to change one’s religious views as one grows and changes. This orientation is inversely related to fundamentalism, authoritarianism, and prejudice and directly related to cognitive complexity, openness to experience, and prosociality. To date, the neural correlates of religious quest have not been investigated. This study assessed the relationships between measures linked to white-matter integrity and quest religious orientation among 24 healthy participants using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the quest scale. A tract-based spatial statistical analysis whole-brain-corrected initially employing an accepted threshold (pTFCE < 0.05) and then applying a Bonferroni correction (pTFCE < 0.0042) identified a region of the genu of the corpus callosum as showing radial diffusivity measures being related to openness to change religious beliefs. When not employing a Bonferroni correction (pTFCE < 0.05), the openness-to-change subscale of the quest scale negatively correlated with radial diffusivity and mean diffusivity measures in extensive white-matter regions in both hemispheres that include the corpus callosum body, genu, and splenium, superior longitudinal fasciculus, forceps minor, external capsule, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. No relationships were found with the other subscales. These findings suggest that a greater openness to change one’s religious views is associated with better white-matter integrity specifically in the genu of the corpus callosum and likely in a more extensive set of white-matter structures interconnecting widespread cortical and subcortical regions in the brain across hemispheres. They, furthermore, suggest structural similarities that may link this tendency to associated positive psychological traits, including creative cognition and post-traumatic growth.
DURABILITY DESIGN FOR INDONESIAN CLIMATE

Deterioration of concrete structure is directly affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, chloride ion concentration and CO2 concentration, which will vary depending on the location and level of exposure to the structures. Increased humidity may increase carbonation. On the other hand, the severity of marine exposure varies considerable depending on factors such as climate, location related to the sea and structural consideration. Since durability is a major concern for concrete structures exposed to aggressive environments , where many environmental factors are known significantly influence the durability of reinforced and/or prestressed concrete structure. Durability is defined as the ability of concrete to resist weathering action, chemical attack, abrasion, and other conditions of service (ACI 116R-90). One factor contributing to the deterioration of infrastructure is corrosion of embedded steel. Corrosion in reinforced /prestressed concrete is mainly caused by the ingress of aggressive agents such as chloride ion and carbon dioxide (CO2). The main objective of this research is provides recommendations the optimal strength and adequate cover depth of concrete for Indonesia's climate as a design consideration for durability , especially for structure in the marine environment.
Unprocessed Meat Consumption and Incident Cardiovascular Diseases in Korean Adults: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)

Meat consumption has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Western societies; however, epidemiological data are limited on the Korean population. Therefore, we examined the associations between unprocessed meat consumption and CVD incidence in Korea. Data were derived from the Ansung-Ansan cohort (2001–2012), including 9370 adults (40–69 years) without CVD or cancer at baseline. Total unprocessed meat consumption was estimated as the sum of unprocessed red meat (beef, pork, and organ meat) and poultry consumption. In the fully adjusted Cox regression model, the relative risks of CVD across increasing quintiles of total unprocessed meat intake were 1.0 (reference), 0.72 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55, 0.95), 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.78), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.95), and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.97), but no significant linear trend was detected (p for trend = 0.14). Frequent poultry consumption was significantly associated with a decreased CVD risk; this association showed a dose-response relationship (p for trend = 0.04). This study showed that a moderate intake of total unprocessed meat was inversely associated with CVD risk. A significant inverse association between poultry consumption and incident CVD was observed in Korean adults, requiring further confirmation in other populations.
Human placental PPAR‐γ and SOX‐2 expression in serologically proved toxoplasmosis

To explore PPAR‐γ and SOX‐2 transcription factors expression in placenta according to maternal anti‐Toxoplasma gondii serological profile during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. The study included 240 placentas, grouped according to IgM and IgG serostatus and then subgrouped according to pregnancy outcome that varied between miscarriages, premature labour, stillbirth and giving birth to CNS anomaly or apparently healthy neonates. Samples were H&E stained and histopathologically scored blindly. PPAR‐γ expression was measured by ELISA, while SOX‐2‐positive nuclei were stained immunohistochemically to be calculated by ImageJ. The mean pathological score was significantly higher in IgM+ve and IgG rising than IgG‐ve and persistent low groups. Former groups showed significantly higher PPAR‐γ (mean = 258.63, 227.11). However, PPAR‐γ was higher in apparently healthy neonate subgroups. SOX‐2 was significantly lower in IgM+ve and IgG rising groups (mean = 12.87, 43.13) and associated with obvious fibrosis. SOX‐2 lowest count was in CNS anomaly subgroup. PPAR‐γ and SOX‐2 changes may give clues of how Toxoplasma induces pathogenesis during vertical transmission. Triggering PPAR‐γ expression may be a tool to downregulate the inflammatory response and establish a metabolically permissive cellular environment for Toxoplasma persistence. Low SOX‐2 is suspected to disturb placental mesenchymal stem cells pluripotency and neuroectoderm development.
Smartphone based indoor localization using stable access points

Indoor localization, based on Wi-Fi signals, is becoming a popular approach for providing location based services in indoor environment. The challenging task of accurately finding the position of a device depends on prior efforts of fingerprinting. However, fingerprint data are susceptible to many indoor environmental factors such as, change of furniture or conditions like door and window open/close. Thus it is important to detect a minimal set of stable Access Points (APs) for providing durable localization services in different training and test condition. Consequently, in this paper, we propose radio frequency based indoor localization technique that selects stable APs to achieve appreciable accuracy, irrespective of device, temporal or context heterogeneity (door and window open/close, presence/absence of other users in vicinity). Hence, we have created an indoor localization data set where data is collected from entire floor of a building in our University campus. Our proposed algorithm returns minimum set of stable APs to cover each location point of the experimental region with at least 3 APs. With supervised learning techniques, the system is found to yield 84.60% localization accuracy on an average with an error of 2.14 meter when all APs are considered. The selected dataset with minimal set of stable APs are found to give 90.13% average localization accuracy with an average error of 1.3 meter.
Kinetic and pharmacological properties distinguishing three types of calcium currents in chick sensory neurones.

1. Calcium currents in cultured dorsal root ganglion (d.r.g.) cells were studied with the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique. Using experimental conditions that suppressed Na+ and K+ currents, and 3‐10 mM‐external Ca2+ or Ba2+, we distinguished three distinct types of calcium currents (L, T and N) on the basis of voltage‐dependent kinetics and pharmacology. 2. Component L activates at relatively positive test potentials (t.p. greater than ‐10 mV) and shows little inactivation during a 200 ms depolarization. It is completely reprimed at a holding potential (h.p.) of ‐60 mV, and can be isolated by using a more depolarized h.p. (‐40 mV) to inactivate the other two types of calcium currents. 3. Component T can be seen in isolation with weak test pulses. It begins activating at potentials more positive than ‐70 mV and inactivates quickly and completely during a maintained depolarization (time constant, tau approximately 20‐50 ms). The current amplitude and the rate of decay increase with stronger depolarizations until both reach a maximum at approximately ‐40 mV. Inactivation is complete at h.p. greater than ‐60 mV and is progressively removed between ‐60 and ‐95 mV. 4. Component N activates at relatively strong depolarizations (t.p. greater than ‐20 mV) and decays with time constants ranging from 50 to 110 ms. Inactivation is removed over a very broad range of holding potentials (h.p. between ‐40 and ‐110 mV). 5. With 10 mM‐EGTA in the pipette solution, substitution of Ba2+ for Ca2+ as the charge carrier does not alter the rates of activation or relaxation of any component. However, T‐type channels are approximately equally permeable to Ca2+ and Ba2+, while L‐type and N‐type channels are both much more permeable to Ba2+. 6. Component N cannot be explained by current‐dependent inactivation of L current resulting from recruitment of extra L‐type channels at negative holding potentials: raising the external Ba2+ concentration to 110 mM greatly increases the amplitude of L current evoked from h.p. = ‐30 mV but produces little inactivation. 7. Cadmium ions (20‐50 microM) virtually eliminate both N and L currents (greater than 90% block) but leave T relatively unaffected (less than 50% block). 200 microM‐Cd2+ blocks all three components. 8. Nickel ions (100 microM) strongly reduce T current but leave N and L current little changed. 9. The dihydropyridine antagonist nifedipine (10 microM) inhibits L current (approximately 60% block) at a holding potential that inactivates half the L‐type channels. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)