Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LazyNav: 3D ground navigation with non-critical body parts

With the growing interest in natural input devices and virtual reality, mid-air ground navigation is becoming a fundamental interaction for a large collection of application scenarios. While classical input devices (e.g., mouse/keyboard, gamepad, touchscreen) have their own ground navigation standards, natural input techniques still lack acknowledged mechanisms for travelling in a 3D scene. In particular, for most applications, navigation is not the primary interaction. Thus, the user should navigate in the scene while still being able to perform other interactions with her hands, and observe the displayed content by moving her eyes and locally rotating her head. Since most ground navigation scenarios require only two degrees of freedom to move forward or backward and rotate the view to the left or to the right, we propose LazyNav a mid-air ground navigation control model which lets the users hands, eyes or local head orientation completely free, making use of a single pair of the remaining tracked body elements to tailor the navigation. To this end, we design several navigation body motions and study their desired properties, such as being easy to discover, easy to control, socially acceptable, accurate and not tiring. We also develop several assumptions about motions design for ground navigation and evaluate them. Finally, we highlight general advices on mid-air ground navigation techniques.
Modeling of Intelligent Behaviour in Haptic Enabled Tug-of-War Simulation

Virtual environment (VE) is a prime component in haptic interaction system. Traditional passive VE is not suitable to model human-machine interaction intelligence in haptic system such as a virtual tug-of-war system. Novel taxonomy of virtual environment is proposed according to different interaction tasks in physical world. Based on the difference between passive and active VE, intelligent VE is defined as a special type of nonlinear and active VE. The components of intelligent VE are identified and challenges within modeling and rendering method are discussed. Based on a one-dimensional haptic device, a virtual tug-of-war prototype is developed and different rendering algorithms are compared. Experiment results illustrate that the intelligent VE enhance the fidelity of the tug-of-war process and the rendering algorithm could ensure stability of the haptic system. The developed prototype can be utilized in entertainment areas
Lightning-fast Community Detection in Social Media : A Scalable Implementation of the Louvain Algorithm

In this paper we present the design and evaluation of a novel parallel community detection algorithm for distributed memory systems. Our algorithm adopts the greedy policy derived from the state-ofthe-art Louvain’s modularity maximization. It combines a highly optimized graph mapping and data representation with an efficient communication runtime specifically designed to run large graph applications on scalable supercomputers. We have been able to parallelize problems with up to four billion vertices and 128 billion edges on 8,192 Blue Gene/Q nodes. Thanks to the good convergence properties of the algorithm and the efficient implementation, we can analyze very large graphs in just a few seconds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result on parallel community detection for distributed memory systems that can perform community analysis in real-time.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Identification of a BET Family Bromodomain/Casein Kinase II/TAF-Containing Complex as a Regulator of Mitotic Condensin Function

condensin to inhibit its supercoiling activity (Takemoto et al., 2006). Though NCT and condensin share a preference for many chromosomal locations, their binding is regulated to anticorrelate through mitosis: this gives potential control over genome condensation and decondensation.
Anaerobic oxidation of methane in tropical and boreal soils: Ecological significance in terrestrial methane cycling

[1] Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a considerable sink for the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) in marine systems, but the importance of this process in terrestrial systems is less clear. Lowland boreal soils and wet tropical soils are two hot spots for CH4 cycling, yet AOM has been essentially uncharacterized in these systems. We investigated AOM in soils from sites in Alaska and Puerto Rico. Isotope tracers were utilized in vitro to enable the simultaneous quantification of CH4 production and consumption without use of biological inhibitors. Boreal peat soil and tropical mineral soil oxidized small but significant quantities of CH4 to CO2 under anoxic conditions (p < 0.001). Potential AOM rates were 21 ± 2 nmol gdw−1 d−1 and 2.9 ± 0.5 nmol gdw−1 d−1 for the boreal and tropical soils, respectively. The addition of terminal electron acceptors (NO3−, Fe(III), and SO42−) inhibited AOM and methanogenesis in both soils. In all incubations, CH4 production occurred simultaneously with AOM, and CH4 production rates were always greater than AOM rates. There was a strong correlation between the quantity of CH4 produced and the amount of CH4 oxidized under anoxic conditions (Alaska: r = 0.875, p < 0.0001; Puerto Rico: r = 0.817, p < 0.0001). CH4 oxidation under anoxic conditions was biological and likely mediated by methanogenic archaea. While only a small percentage of the total CH4 produced in these soils was oxidized under anoxic conditions (0.3% and 0.8% for Alaskan and Puerto Rican Soils), this process is important to understand since it could play a measurable role in controlling net CH4 flux.
The two-or three-layered overstory comprises Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur with an admixture of Betula pendula , Populus tremula and rare examples of Carpinus betulus

A substantial part of contemporary commercial forestry is based on the cultivation of intentionally introduced nonnative woody species [1–3]. This approach is justified by the numerous positive silvicultural properties of the planted trees, such as their fast growth and the wide range of applications of their wood products, as well as the high capability of aliens to adapt to a wide variety of environmental conditions, their easy establishment and their high resistance to negative biotic and abiotic impacts in new areas of introduction. Unfortunately, the same species characteristics, which are valuable for forestry, generate serious problems when the alien becomes invasive [4–10]. Introduced species that spread from plantations to natural and semi-natural areas have a considerable impact on the properties and functions of the ecosystem and cause ecological, economical and social damage [11–13]. However, alien trees planted as monocultures or deliberately introduced as a “biocoenotic admixture” for enrichment of impoverished forest stands can also bring unintended negative changes within the areas of cultivation [14–16]. Invading woody species alter natural regeneration regimes by the utilization of various mechanisms to dominate understory environments and outcompete native species for available resources [17–20]. Self-sown young individuals of planted exotics occupy the niches of autochthonous plants and inhibit both their recruitment and growth [21–24]. An understanding of the positive and negative effects of the introduction of alien species on native ecosystems is fundamental to sustainable management and to proper nature conservation policy [25–28]. It is also an essential part of assessing of the influence of the alien species on ecosystem services [29,30], especially in forests which are altered, disrupted or degraded by commercially-important but invasive plants introduced deliberately [21,31–33]. In this paper, we analyze the effects of Northern Red oak Quercus rubra L. introduction on European mixed pine-oak forests. It is one of 582 North American woody species Abstract
SEA-LEVEL RISE Sea-level rise due to polar icesheet mass loss during past warm periods

BACKGROUND:Although thermal expansion of seawater and melting of mountain glaciers have dominated global mean sea level (GMSL) rise over the last century, mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets is expected to exceed other contributions to GMSL rise under future warming. To better constrain polar ice-sheet response to warmer temperatures, we draw on evidence from interglacial periods in the geologic record that experienced warmer polar temperatures and higher GMSLs than present. Coastal records of sea level from these previous warm periods demonstrate geographic variability because of the influence of several geophysical processes that operate across a range of magnitudes and time scales. Inferring GMSL and icevolume changes from these reconstructions is nontrivial and generally requires the use of geophysical models.
The challenges of diffusing socially innovative organizational models : the case of renewable energy source cooperatives ( REScoops )

While the ability of social enterprises to generate innovative solutions to social and environmental needs is increasingly documented (e.g., Defourny 2001; Harrisson & Vézina 2006; Nicholls 2006), little is known about the processes through with social enterprises diffuse and institutionalize their innovations. These processes are important not only to understand institutionalized fields of practice (e.g., Bouchard 2006), but also –and even more– to inform the creation of new fields through the diffusion or „scaling up‟ of social innovations (Maguire et al. 2004; Mulgan et al. 2007).
A Semantic Platform for Information Retrieval from E-Health Records

Electronic patient health records encompass valuable information about patient’s medical problems, diagnoses, and treatments offered including their outcomes. However, a problem for medical professionals is an ability to efficiently access the information that are documented in the form of free-text. Therefore, the work presented here exhibits an information retrieval platform for efficient processing of e-health records. The system offers facilities for keyword searches, semantic searches, and ontological searches. An open evaluation during the TRECMED 2011 demonstrated competitive results.
Retrieving Non-Redundant Questions to Summarize a Product Review

Product reviews have become an important resource for customers before they make purchase decisions. However, the abundance of reviews makes it difficult for customers to digest them and make informed choices. In our study, we aim to help customers who want to quickly capture the main idea of a lengthy product review before they read the details. In contrast with existing work on review analysis and document summarization, we aim to retrieve a set of real-world user questions to summarize a review. In this way, users would know what questions a given review can address and they may further read the review only if they have similar questions about the product. Specifically, we design a two-stage approach which consists of question retrieval and question diversification. We first propose probabilistic retrieval models to locate candidate questions that are relevant to a review. We then design a set function to re-rank the questions with the goal of rewarding diversity in the final question set. The set function satisfies submodularity and monotonicity, which results in an efficient greedy algorithm of submodular optimization. Evaluation on product reviews from two categories shows that the proposed approach is effective for discovering meaningful questions that are representative for individual reviews.
Sequence and Structural Convergence of Broad and Potent HIV Antibodies That Mimic CD4 Binding

Anti-HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies with similar specificities and modes of binding were found in multiple HIV-infected individuals. Passive transfer of broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies can prevent infection, which suggests that vaccines that elicit such antibodies would be protective. Thus far, however, few broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies that occur naturally have been characterized. To determine whether these antibodies are part of a larger group of related molecules, we cloned 576 new HIV antibodies from four unrelated individuals. All four individuals produced expanded clones of potent broadly neutralizing CD4-binding-site antibodies that mimic binding to CD4. Despite extensive hypermutation, the new antibodies shared a consensus sequence of 68 immunoglobulin H (IgH) chain amino acids and arise independently from two related IgH genes. Comparison of the crystal structure of one of the antibodies to the broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 revealed conservation of the contacts to the HIV spike.
Can friction improve mouse-based text selection?

Text selection via caret positioning is a common task in modern word processing interfaces. It is a difficult task as target size - the distance between characters - is very small. We adapt Baudisch's snap-and-go technique for target acquisition to insert additional motor space at such targets when the mouse is decelerating. This increases the size of the target in motor space, thus potentially reducing the difficulty of text selection tasks. We expand this idea by introducing the concept of context-sensitive friction to improve target acquisition for common targets. We performed two pilot studies and a controlled user study to evaluate the new techniques. Our results indicate that selectively introducing friction into the interface can reduce total task time in common text selection tasks.
Energy Management for Hypervisor-Based Virtual Machines

Current approaches to power management are based on operating systems with full knowledge of and full control over the underlying hardware; the distributed nature of multi-layered virtual machine environments renders such approaches insufficient. In this paper, we present a novel framework for energy management in modular, multi-layered operating system structures. The framework provides a unified model to partition and distribute energy, and mechanisms for energy-aware resource accounting and allocation. As a key property, the framework explicitly takes the recursive energy consumption into account, which is spent, e.g., in the virtualization layer or subsequent driver components. Our prototypical implementation targets hypervisor-based virtual machine systems and comprises two components: a host-level subsystem, which controls machine-wide energy constraints and enforces them among all guest OSes and service components, and, complementary, an energy-aware guest operating system, capable of fine-grained application-specific energy management. Guest level energy management thereby relies on effective virtualization of physical energy effects provided by the virtual machine monitor. Experiments with CPU and disk devices and an external data acquisition system demonstrate that our framework accurately controls and stipulates the power consumption of individual hardware devices, both for energy-aware and energyunaware guest operating systems.
WVDF optimization based on genetic algorithm

It has been proved that optimization of WVDF filter's coefficients using mathematical approaches can't converge to globally optimal coefficient weight vector. In this paper, genetic algorithm, which was proved that it was the most powerful unbiased optimization techniques for sampling a large solution space, is used to optimize WVDF filter's coefficients. By using the Stochastic Selection of parents and the generation of optimal offspring, the optimal WVDF filter is obtained. The experiment result shows the validity of this optimization.
Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of a Multi-Layer MEMS Membrane

This paper examines the modelling of a square four layer MEMS membrane for a combined thermal and structural analysis. The membrane consists of four dissimilar layers, two polymer and two metal layers. Only the bottom polymer layer is fixed to the substrate and only around the perimeter. The second polymer layer is sandwiched between two metal layers. Dielectric loss in this polymer induced by a high frequency AC voltage between the metal layers heats the membrane and deforms it.
An Optimization Framework for Weighting Implicit Relevance Labels for Personalized Web Search

Implicit feedback from users of a web search engine is an essential source providing consistent personal relevance labels from the actual population of users. However, previous studies on personalized search employ this source in a rather straightforward manner. Basically, documents that were clicked on get maximal gain, and the rest of the documents are assigned the zero gain. As we demonstrate in our paper, a ranking algorithm trained using these gains directly as the ground truth relevance labels leads to a suboptimal personalized ranking. In this paper we develop a framework for automatic reweighting of these labels. Our approach is based on more subtle aspects of user interaction with the result page. We propose an efficient methodology for deriving confidence levels for relevance labels that relies directly on the objective ranking measure. All our algorithms are evaluated on a large-scale query log provided by a major commercial search engine. The results of the experiments prove that the current state-of-the-art personalization approaches could be significantly improved by enriching relevance grades with weights extracted from post-impression user behavior.
A Survey of Virtual Topology Design Algorithms for Wavelength Routed Optical Networks

In the past few years, there has been growing interest in wide area ``All Optical Networks'''' with {\em wavelength division multiplexing\/} (WDM), using {\em wavelength routing}. Due to the huge bandwidth inherent in optical fiber, and the use of WDM to match user and network bandwidths, the wavelength routing architecture is an attractive candidate for future backbone transport networks. A {\em virtual topology\/} over a WDM WAN consists of clear channels between nodes called {\em lightpaths}, with traffic carried from source to destination without electronic switching ``as far as possible'''', but some electronic switching may be performed. Virtual topology design aims at combining the best of optical switching and electronic routing abilities. Designing a virtual topology on a physical network consists of deciding the lightpaths to be set up in terms of their source and destination nodes and wavelength assignment. In this survey we first describe the context and motivations of the virtual topology design problem. We provide a complete formulation of the problem, describe and compare the formulations and theoretical results as well as algorithms, heuristics and some results in the current literature in the field. The reconfigurability issue, which is another attractive characteristic of optical networks, is also discussed and the literature surveyed. This survey is restricted to transport networks with wavelength routing. Similar virtual topology problems also arise in multihop broadcast local area optical networks, but this work does not directly apply to them and corresponding literature is not included in this survey. This survey also relates to the design of a static topology, not one in which individual lightpaths are set up and torn down in response to traffic demand.
Distributing Sequential Control for Manufacturing Automation Systems

Recent trends in manufacturing require the use of reconfigurable equipment that facilitates rapid and cost-effective change of functionality through modular design, which supports fast integration. Intelligent devices (e.g., sensors, actuators) with integrated computation and communication capabilities enable high-level modularity, not only with the respect to hardware components but also in terms of control functionality; this can be achieved by distributing control to different network-connected devices. Thus, to enable fast and reliable system reconfigurations, in this brief, we introduce a method for distribution of control tasks and generation of control code for the devices in the control network. Our approach is based on the control interpreted Petri nets (CIPNs) formalism. We start from a CIPN capturing the centralized (overall) control system, and the mapping of input and output signals to local controllers (LCs) (i.e., smart devices) that have direct physical access to system sensors and actuators. From these, our method automatically designs distributed control tasks for LCs in the network, as well as generates control code for each LC. The applicability of the proposed method is experimentally verified on two real-world case studies.
Y Chromosome Lineage- and Village-Specific Genes on Chromosomes 1p22 and 6q27 Control Visceral Leishmaniasis in Sudan

Familial clustering and ethnic differences suggest that visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani is under genetic control. A recent genome scan provided evidence for a major susceptibility gene on Chromosome 22q12 in the Aringa ethnic group in Sudan. We now report a genome-wide scan using 69 families with 173 affected relatives from two villages occupied by the related Masalit ethnic group. A primary ten-centimorgan scan followed by refined mapping provided evidence for major loci at 1p22 (LOD score 5.65; nominal p = 1.72 × 10−7; empirical p < 1 × 10−5; λS = 5.1) and 6q27 (LOD score 3.74; nominal p = 1.68 × 10−5; empirical p < 1 × 10−4; λS = 2.3) that were Y chromosome–lineage and village-specific. Neither village supported a visceral leishmaniasis susceptibility gene on 22q12. The results suggest strong lineage-specific genes due to founder effect and consanguinity in these recently immigrant populations. These chance events in ethnically uniform African populations provide a powerful resource in the search for genes and mechanisms that regulate this complex disease.
Optimal preview trajectory decision model of lane-keeping system with driver behavior simulation and Artificial Potential Field

Almost all lane-keeping system directly use the lane central line as the preview trajectory to control vehicle tracking it, this simple method has no coherent to driver behavior because real drivers usually don't keep vehicle strictly tracking lane central line but always make corner-cutting during turning. In this paper, from the point of view of the simulation of the real driver behavior, especially driver preview characteristic, and with Artificial Potential Field method, a new preview trajectory decision approach is proposed, in which a total energy function of artificial potential field with two evaluation indexes of safety and maneuverability is established to dynamically deciding vehicle preview trajectory with lane marker, vehicle current state and vehicle steering limit. The simulation of different lane shape such as circle lane, snake lane and double-lane-change and low and high velocity show that this model can dynamically decide the optimal trajectory with lane width and curvature coming from lane marker information and has good occupant acceptance.