Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Regulates AP-1 Dependent Transcriptional Response to Minimally Oxidized LDL

Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) turns it into an endogenous ligand recognized by pattern-recognition receptors. We have demonstrated that minimally oxidized LDL (mmLDL) binds to CD14 and mediates TLR4/MD-2-dependent responses in macrophages, many of which are MyD88-independent. We have also demonstrated that the mmLDL activation leads to recruitment of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) to TLR4 and TLR4 and Syk phosphorylation. In this study, we produced a macrophage-specific Syk knockout mouse and used primary Syk−/− macrophages in our studies. We demonstrated that Syk mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK, which in turn phosphorylated c-Fos and c-Jun, respectively, as assessed by an in vitro kinase assay. c-Jun phosphorylation was also mediated by IKKε. c-Jun and c-Fos bound to consensus DNA sites and thereby completed an AP-1 transcriptional complex and induced expression of CXCL2 and IL-6. These results suggest that Syk plays a key role in TLR4-mediated macrophage responses to host-generated ligands, like mmLDL, with subsequent activation of an AP-1 transcription program.
Load distribution of analytical query workloads for database cluster architectures

Enterprises may have multiple database systems spread across the organization for redundancy or for serving different applications. In such systems, query workloads can be distributed across different servers for better performance. A materialized view, or Materialized Query Table (MQT), is an auxiliary table with pre-computed data that can be used to significantly improve the performance of a database query. In this paper, we propose a framework for coordinating execution of OLAP query workloads across a database cluster with shared nothing architecture. Such coordination is complex since we need to consider (1) the time to build the MQTs, (2) the query execution impact of the MQTs, (3) whether the MQTs can fit in the disk space limitation, (4) server computation power, and (5) the effectiveness of the scheduling and placement algorithms in deriving a combination of configurations so that the workload can be completed in the shortest time period. We frame the problem as a combinatorial problem with a solution space that is exponential in the number of queries, MQTs, and servers. We provide a stochastic search heuristic that finds a near-optimal mapping of queries-to-servers and MQTs-to-servers within an arbitrarily bounded time and compare our solution with an exhaustive search and three standard greedy algorithms. Our search implementation produced schedules within 9% of the optimal found through an exhaustive search and produced better solutions than typical greedy algorithms for both TPC-H and synthetic benchmarks under a variety of experiments. For a key trial where disk space is limited, it produced 15% better results than the next best competitor, corresponding to an absolute wall clock advantage of over 10 hours.
The Power of Long-Run Structural VARs

Are structural vector autoregressions (VARs) useful for discriminating between macro models? Recent assessments of VARs have shown that these statistical methods have adequate size properties. In other words, in simulation exercises, VARs will only infrequently reject the true data generating process. However, in assessing a statistical test, we often also care about power: the ability of the test to reject a false hypothesis. Much less is known about the power of structural VARs. ; This paper attempts to fill in this gap by exploring the power of long-run structural VARs against a set of DSGE models that vary in degree from the true data generating process. We report results for two tests: the standard test of checking the sign on impact and a test of the shape of the response. For the models studied here, testing the shape is a more powerful test than simply looking at the sign of the response. In addition, relative to an alternative statistical test based on sample correlations, we find that the shape-based tests have greater power. Given the results on the power and size properties of long-run VARs, we conclude that these VARs are useful for discriminating between macro models.
What Do We Know about Knowledge?

Intelligent systems need knowledge. However, the simple equation "knowledge is power" leaves three major questions unanswered. First, what do we mean by "knowledge"; second, what do we mean by "power"; and third, what do we mean by "is"? In this article, I will examine the first of these questions. In particular I will focus on some of the milestones in understanding the nature of knowledge and some of what we have learned from 50 years of AI research. The discipline and detail required to write programs that use knowledge have given us some valuable lessons for implementing the knowledge principle, one of which is to make our programs as flexible as we can.
Morphological and functional diversity of the mandible in suckermouth armored catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

We examined the mandibles of 377 individuals representing 25 species, 12 genera, 5 tribes, and 2 subfamilies of the Loricariidae, a species‐rich radiation of detritivorous–herbivorous neotropical freshwater fishes distinguished by having a ventral oral disk and jaws specialized for surface attachment and benthic feeding. Loricariid mandibles are transversely oriented and bilaterally independent, each rotating predominantly around its long axis, although rotational axes likely vary with mandibular geometry. On each mandible, we measured three traditional and three novel morphological parameters chosen primarily for their functional relevance. Five parameters were linear distances and three of these were analogous to traditional teleost in‐ and out‐levers for mandibular adduction. The sixth parameter was insertion area of the combined adductor mandibulae muscle (AMarea), which correlated with adductor mandibulae volume across a subset of taxa and is interpreted as being proportional to maximum force deliverable to the mandible. Multivariate analysis revealed distributions of phylogenetically diagnosed taxonomic groupings in mandibular morphospace that are consistent with an evolutionary pattern of basal niche conservatism giving rise to multiple adaptive radiations within nested clades. Correspondence between mandibular geometry and function was explored using a 3D model of spatial relationships among measured parameters, potential forces, and axes of rotation. By combining the model with known loricariid jaw kinematics, we developed explicit hypotheses for how individual parameters might relate to each other during kinesis. We hypothesize that the ratio [AMarea/tooth row length2] predicts interspecific variation in the magnitude of force entering the mandible per unit of substrate contacted during feeding. Other newly proposed metrics are hypothesized to predict variation in aspects of mandibular mechanical advantage that may be specific to Loricariidae and perhaps shared with other herbivorous and detritivorous fishes. 2011. © 2011Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Supporting Cells Eliminate Dying Sensory Hair Cells to Maintain Epithelial Integrity in the Avian Inner Ear

Epithelial homeostasis is essential for sensory transduction in the auditory and vestibular organs of the inner ear, but how it is maintained during trauma is poorly understood. To examine potential repair mechanisms, we expressed β-actin-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in the chick inner ear and used live-cell imaging to study how sensory epithelia responded during aminoglycoside-induced hair cell trauma. We found that glial-like supporting cells used two independent mechanisms to rapidly eliminate dying hair cells. Supporting cells assembled an actin cable at the luminal surface that extended around the pericuticular junction and constricted to excise the stereocilia bundle and cuticular plate from the hair cell soma. Hair bundle excision could occur within 3 min of actin-cable formation. After bundle excision, typically with a delay of up to 2–3 h, supporting cells engulfed and phagocytosed the remaining bundle-less hair cell. Dual-channel recordings with β-actin-EGFP and vital dyes revealed phagocytosis was concurrent with loss of hair cell integrity. We conclude that supporting cells repaired the epithelial barrier before hair cell plasmalemmal integrity was lost and that supporting cell activity was closely linked to hair cell death. Treatment with the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 did not prevent bundle excision but prolonged phagocytic engulfment and resulted in hair cell corpses accumulating within the epithelium. Our data show that supporting cells not only maintain epithelial integrity during trauma but suggest they may also be an integral part of the hair cell death process itself.
BioDCA Identifier: A System for Automatic Identification of Discourse Connective and Arguments from Biomedical Text

This paper describes a Natural language processing system developed for automatic identification of explicit connectives, its sense and arguments. Prior work has shown that the difference in usage of connectives across corpora affects the cross domain connective identification task negatively. Hence the development of domain specific discourse parser has become indispensable. Here, we present a corpus annotated with discourse relations on Medline abstracts. Kappa score is calculated to check the annotation quality of our corpus. The previous works on discourse analysis in bio-medical data have concentrated only on the identification of connectives and hence we have developed an end-end parser for connective and argument identification using Conditional Random Fields algorithm. The type and sub-type of the connective sense is also identified. The results obtained are encouraging.
METLIN: A Metabolite Mass Spectral Database

Endogenous metabolites have gained increasing interest over the past 5 years largely for their implications in diagnostic and pharmaceutical biomarker discovery. METLIN (http://metlin.scripps.edu), a freely accessible web-based data repository, has been developed to assist in a broad array of metabolite research and to facilitate metabolite identification through mass analysis. METLIN includes an annotated list of known metabolite structural information that is easily cross-correlated with its catalogue of high-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) spectra, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra, and LC/MS data.
A Flexible Resource Co-Allocation Model based on Advance Reservations with Rescheduling Support

Several parallel and distributed applications require simultaneous access to resources located in multiple administrative domains. Current research on resource co-allocation relies on either rigid advance reservations or non-booking-in-advance mechanisms. The first approach leads to high fragmentation inside the resource provider’s scheduling queue, whereas the second approach offers no starting time guarantees of user applications. In this work, we propose a new model for resource co-allocation based on flexible advance reservations and processor remapping. The model allows the metascheduler to reschedule the co-allocation requests by modifying the starting time of each subtask and remapping the number of processors used by them in each resource provider. We evaluate our model and algorithms in a scenario where users are not able to provide accurate runtime estimations of their applications—using job response time and system utilization as metrics. The results show that rescheduling co-allocation requests brings benefits for both local and multi-site applications especially when the runtime estimation quality is low and there is a reduced number of small jobs in the system.
Planning System for Multi-Agent Based Reconfigurable Fixtures

This paper describes a concept of the planning system for self adaptable, reconfigurable fixtures composed of mobile locators (robotic agents) that can freely move on a bench and reposition below the supported part, without removing the part from the fixture. The main role of the planner is to generate the admissible plan of relocation of the mobile agents. A constrained nonlinear optimization problem is formulated to find the optimal locations for supporting heads. Keywords—fixture planner, multi-agent system, optimization.
Robust Streaming Video Traffic Classification

In order to provide reliable and fair Internet service, Internet service providers (ISP) use network management tools to classify, report, or restrict the Internet traffic of subscribers. Network management tools are critical to ensuring fairness and quality of service for all subscribers on a network, but the growth of streaming video, encrypted Internet protocols, and other traffic obscuring techniques are straining both networks and network management tools.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication PrinciplesModified Integer Factorization Algorithm Using V-Factor Method

RSA is the asymmetric cryptography system. The security of RSA public key cryptosystem is based on the assumption that factoring of a large number (modulus). Integer Factorization is an important problem mainly due to its connection with RSA algorihm of Public key cryptography. We present a new special purpose algorithm (VFactor) for factoring. We compare this algorithm with Fermat's Factorization algorithm (FFM) and trial division algorithm (TDM) and we show that VFactor's runtime depends on the difference of factors and is independent of size of the modulus. So it's effective whenever factors are close to each other. In that case VFactor outperforms FFM and TDM. Keywords: Integer factorization, RSA algorithm, Fermat's Method of Factorization, Public key cryptography, TDM.
Human papillomavirus 16 variants from Zambian women with normal pap smears

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the most prevalent high‐risk viral genotype associated with cervical cancer. Six distinct phylogenetic clusters of HPVs have been identified and are distributed differently across five continents. HPV16 DNA was extracted from cervico‐lavage samples from women with normal pap smears. The LCR regions were amplified in triplicate, cloned, sequenced, and analyzed from a total of 11 recovered HPV16 positive samples [Ng'andwe et al. (2007): BMC Infect Dis 7:77] were analyzed for sequence variation. The HPV16 LCR variants were assessed for promoter activity by use of a luciferase reporter gene. Six novel HPV16 variants with nucleotide exchanges in the LCR region were identified. Five clones were classified as European group HPV16 variants and one as an African group variant. Two of these variants had relatively lower promoter activity, 30% of that of the wild‐type strain. The decreased promoter activity of some HPV16 variants may decrease expression of viral oncogenes and may be linked with the development, phenotype and severity of the cervical lesions in women infected with these across HPV16 variants. J. Med. Virol. 83:1230–1237, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HyperCircle: An Efficient Broadcast Protocol for Super-Peer P2P Networks

The challenge of peer-to-peer (P2P) applications is how toefficiently broadcast in large-scale P2P networks. This paper presents the 8-point HyperCircle protocol for efficient broadcasting and routing of messages in P2P networks. The HyperCircle topology consists of n-dimensional 8-point circles where each point in eachdimension can consist of an 8-point circle. A HyperCircle node requires 2*k steps to spread the message to allnodes. The construction and maintenance of the topology including the broadcast algorithm with HyperCircle are introduced. A simulation framework with the HyperCircle protocol is implemented based on OverSim. Initial experimental results comparing protocolslike Chord, Kademlia and HyperCircle are reported. HyperCircle provides the most efficient broadcasting messages.
Statistical Features Identification for Sentiment Analysis Using Machine Learning Techniques

Due to increasing fascinating trend of using internet and online social media, user-generated contents are growing exponentially on the Web, containing users' opinion on various products. In this paper, we have proposed a sentiment analysis system which combines rule-based and machine learning approaches to identify feature-opinion pairs and their polarity. The efficiency of the proposed system is established through experimentation over customer reviews on different electronic products.
The Structure of Some Permutation Modules for the Symmetric Group of Infinite Degree

Abstract Suppose that Ω is an infinite set andkis a natural number. Let [Ω]kdenote the set of allk-subsets of Ω and letFbe a field. In this paper we study theFSym(Ω)-submodule structure of the permutation moduleF[Ω]k. Using the representation theory of finite symmetric groups, we show that every submodule ofF[Ω]kcan be written as an intersection of kernels of certainFSym(Ω)-homomorphismsF[Ω]k → F[Ω]lfor 0 ≤ l
Characterization and Genetic Analysis of Rice Mutant crr1 Exhibiting Compromised Non-host Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat in China. Rapid change to virulence following release of resistant cultivars necessitates ongoing discovery and exploitation of new resistance resources. Considerable effort has been directed at non-host resistance (NHR) which is believed to be durable. In the present study we identified rice mutant crr1 (compromised resistance to rust 1) that exhibited compromised NHR to Pst. Compared with wild type rice variety Nipponbare, crr1 mutant displayed a threefold increase in penetration rate by Pst, and enhanced hyphal growth. The pathogen also developed haustoria in crr1 mesophyll cells, but failed to sporulate. The response to the adapted rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae was unchanged in crr1 relative to the wild type. Several defense-related genes involved in the SA- and JA-mediated defense pathways response and in phytoalexin synthesis (such as OsPR1a, OsLOX1, and OsCPS4) were more rapidly and strongly induced in infected crr1 leaves than in the wild type, suggesting that other layers of defense are still in effect. Genetic analysis and mapping located the mutant loci at a region between markers ID14 and RM25792, which cover about 290 kb genome sequence on chromosome 10. Further fine mapping and cloning of the locus should provide further insights into NHR to rust fungi in rice, and may reveal new strategies for improving rust resistance in wheat.
A Robot Simulator Based on the Cross Architecture for the Development of Cognitive Robotics

This paper presents a new 2D robot simulator based on the Cross Architecture for RoboCup Soccer Humanoid League domain. A simulator is an important tool for testing cognitive algorithms in robots without the need of handling with real robot problems, moreover, a simulator is extremely useful for allowing reproducibility of any developed algorithm, even if there is no robot available. The proposed simulator allows the direct application of the algorithms developed in the simulator into a real robot that works with the Cross Architecture. Besides, the simulator is freely available, it is open-source and has low computational cost. Experiments were conducted in order to analyze the portability of a decision code developed in the simulator to a real robot. The results allowed us to conclude that the simulator can be used to test new algorithms, since the decisions performed by the robot in simulation and in the real world were quite similar.
The costs of dualism

This paper shows how to calibrate a two-sector general equilibrium model of production using a small number of parameter assumptions and readily available data. The framework is then used to analyze the costs of labor market dualism. The paper quantifies the effects of rural-urban wage differentials and urban unemployment on total output, wages and returns to capital, factor shares, and sectoral structure. One of the main findings is that labor market rigidities can have a major impact on the extent of industrialization.
LSRB-CSR: A Low Overhead Storage Format for SpMV on the GPU Systems

Sparse matrix vector multiplication (SpMV) is a basic building block of many scientific applications. Several GPU accelerated SpMV algorithms for the CSR format suffer from workload unbalance for irregular matrices. In this paper, we propose a new auxiliary array assisted CSR format called local segmented reduction based CSR (LSRB-CSR), which enables synchronization free preprocessing and efficient SpMV algorithm with the light weight auxiliary arrays. It is efficient for both regular matrices and irregular matrices with tiny preprocessing overhead. We compare our LSRB-CSR based SpMV algorithm with the CSR-based SpMV from cuSPARSE, the SpMV algorithm based on segmented reduction adopted by CUDPP library, and the CSR5-based SpMV algorithm for both regular and irregular sparse matrices. Compared to cuSparse, our LSRB-CSR based SpMV algorithm could improve the performance by 26% on regular matrices and up to 4750% on irregular matrices. Compared to CUDPP, our LSRB-CSR based SpMV algorithm could improve the average SpMV performance by 210% on regular matrices and 250% on irregular matrices. Our LSRB-CSR based SpMV algorithm has comparable performance as the CSR5 based SpMV algorithm for regular matrices, and achieves better performance over the CSR5 based SpMV algorithm for irregular matrices. Experimental results show that the conversion overhead from the CSR to the LSRB-CSR is only 1/10 of the overhead from the CSR to the CSR5 on average.
Understanding the Influence of Self-Critical, Self-Managing, and Social-Assessing Self-Talk on Performance Outcomes in a Public Speaking Context

This study examines how different types of self-talk (self-reinforcing, self-critical, self-managing, and social-assessing) influence speakers’ emotional experience of public speaking anxiety and actual performance outcomes. A total of 152 participants reported their speech-specific self-talk frequencies and emotional states of anxiety at two time periods. External raters scored each participant’s video-recorded speech. Results revealed that different types of self-talk exert influence on performance outcomes through distinct pathways. For example, self-managing self-talk had a direct positive impact on speakers’ performance qualities, whereas social assessing self-talk had both a direct and an indirect effect but with opposite operating mechanisms. The study found that self-reinforcing self-talk provides little benefit in overcoming anxiety. It appears that the frequent engagement of self-critical self-talk that contributes substantially to the experience of speech-related anxiety. Theoretical and practical implications for self-talk monitoring and public speaking interventions are discussed.