Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
100 Million Views of Electronic Cigarette YouTube Videos and Counting: Quantification, Content Evaluation, and Engagement Levels of Videos

Background The video-sharing website, YouTube, has become an important avenue for product marketing, including tobacco products. It may also serve as an important medium for promoting electronic cigarettes, which have rapidly increased in popularity and are heavily marketed online. While a few studies have examined a limited subset of tobacco-related videos on YouTube, none has explored e-cigarette videos’ overall presence on the platform. Objective To quantify e-cigarette-related videos on YouTube, assess their content, and characterize levels of engagement with those videos. Understanding promotion and discussion of e-cigarettes on YouTube may help clarify the platform’s impact on consumer attitudes and behaviors and inform regulations. Methods Using an automated crawling procedure and keyword rules, e-cigarette-related videos posted on YouTube and their associated metadata were collected between July 1, 2012, and June 30, 2013. Metadata were analyzed to describe posting and viewing time trends, number of views, comments, and ratings. Metadata were content coded for mentions of health, safety, smoking cessation, promotional offers, Web addresses, product types, top-selling brands, or names of celebrity endorsers. Results As of June 30, 2013, approximately 28,000 videos related to e-cigarettes were captured. Videos were posted by approximately 10,000 unique YouTube accounts, viewed more than 100 million times, rated over 380,000 times, and commented on more than 280,000 times. More than 2200 new videos were being uploaded every month by June 2013. The top 1% of most-viewed videos accounted for 44% of total views. Text fields for the majority of videos mentioned websites (70.11%); many referenced health (13.63%), safety (10.12%), smoking cessation (9.22%), or top e-cigarette brands (33.39%). The number of e-cigarette-related YouTube videos was projected to exceed 65,000 by the end of 2014, with approximately 190 million views. Conclusions YouTube is a major information-sharing platform for electronic cigarettes. YouTube appears to be used unevenly for promotional purposes by e-cigarette brands, and our analyses indicated a high level of user engagement with a small subset of content. There is evidence that YouTube videos promote e-cigarettes as cigarette smoking cessation tools. Presence and reach of e-cigarette videos on YouTube warrants attention from public health professionals and policymakers.
Relaxation processes determining the electret stability of high-impact polystyrene/titanium-dioxide composite films

The influence of relaxation processes on the thermal electret stability of high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) free-standing films filled with titanium dioxide (TiO2) of the rutile modification are investigated by means of a combination of dielectric methods (dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS), thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) and thermally stimulated surface-potential decay (TSSPD)), supplemented by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Films with 2, 4, 6 and 8 vol.% TiO2 are compared to each other and to non-filled samples. Filling HIPS with up to 8 vol.% of TiO2 enhances the elastic modulus below the glass transition and increases the thermal electret stability above the glass transition without significantly increasing the DC conductivity. The improvement of the electret stability is caused by the build-up of an interface polarization which decays only gradually if the glass transition is exceeded. Two kinds of Arrhenius processes are considered in order to explain the decay of the composite-polymer electrets: (1) charge release from chemical traps located at the phenyl rings of the polymer chain with an activation energy of Ea = 1.1 eV after passing the glass transition at about 100 °C and (2) charge release from traps formed by the TiO2 particles with Ea = 2.4 eV at temperatures above 130 °C. Finally, the activation energies are discussed with respect to their significance.
[1H-1,2,4-Triazole-5(4H)-thione-κS]bis(triphenylphosphane-κP)(nitrato-κO)silver(I) methanol monosolvate

In the title complex, [Ag(NO3)(C2H3N3S)(C18H15P)2]·CH3OH, the AgI ion exhibits a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry formed by two P atoms from two triphenylphosphine ligands, one S atom from a 1H-1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione ligand and one O atom from a nitrate ion. In the crystal, complex and solvent molecules are linked by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming a chain along the b-axis direction. The chains are linked by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming a two-dimensional supramolecular architecture parallel to (001). In addition, an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond is observed.
Discrete-time mean field games with risk-averse agents

We propose and investigate a discrete-time mean field game model involving risk-averse agents, each of them controlling a linear dynamical system. The model under study is a coupled system of dynamic programming equations with a Kolmogorov equation. The agents’ risk aversion is modeled by composite risk measures. The existence of a solution to the coupled system is obtained with a fixed point approach. The corresponding feedback control allows to construct an approximate Nash equilibrium for a related dynamic game with finitely many players.
Reestructuración cognitiva: un caso de estrés postraumático

*Dirigir la correspondencia a Clinica “Esperanza Dongil Collado” Actriz Encarna Manez, no 4, piso 12, Pta. 47 46022 Valencia Email: espedongil@gmail.com © Copyright 2007: de los Editores de Ansiedad y Estres Resumen: Se presenta un caso de intervencion psicologica llevado a cabo con una mujer de 32 anos, que acude a consulta diagnosticada de vaginismo tras haber recibido tratamiento psicologico basado en exposicion sin resultados satisfactorios. En la primera entrevista se le diagnostica un trastorno por estres postraumatico (TEP) por violacion, encontrandose sintomas de reexperimentacion muy intensos, con pesadillas y flashbacks frecuentes, destacada hipervigilancia, evitacion de casi todas las actividades cotidianas (trabajar, salir de casa, etc.), asi como niveles de activacion fisiologica muy elevados. Presenta tambien un trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM). El tratamiento mediante reestructuracion cognitiva que se ha utilizado resalta el papel de la autorregulacion emocional en los trastornos emocionales (Moses y Barlow, 2006) y recoge una sintesis de los principales modelos y tecnicas de reestructuracion cognitiva: (1) explicacion de los cambios y las secuelas que se producen a nivel cognitivo, fisiologico y motor tras haber sido victima de una experiencia traumatica, destacando el papel del aprendizaje emocional en el desarrollo del problema; (2) entrenamiento en observacion de pensamientos, imagenes, respuestas fisiologicas y conductas, relacionados con el aprendizaje emocional traumatico, tratando de interpretarlos como una reaccion adaptativa; (3) reinterpretacion correcta de las reacciones cognitivas, emocionales y conductuales que se van desarrollando en su vida cotidiana, dotando asi a la paciente de estrategias cognitivas de manejo de esas reacciones; (4) reforzamiento de las iniciativas propias a la hora de volver a exponerse a situaciones emocionales; y (5) persuasion sobre la eficacia del tratamiento. Tras 32 sesiones (las 28 primeras con periodicidad semanal), se consiguieron los objetivos terapeuticos, destacando eliminacion del TEP, el TDM y el vaginismo.
Surface immunofluorescence assay for diagnosis of Lyme disease

A surface immunofluorescence assay (SIFA) was analyzed and compared with a conventional indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in sera from patients with Lyme disease. Fifty-five patients with syphilis and 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were used as disease controls. The sensitivity of the SIFA was low during the acute phase of Lyme disease (sera from seven of nine patients presenting with erythema chronicum migrans were negative during the first 2 months of illness); later, seroconversion was observed in all patients at various times during convalescence. Sera from five patients with complicated Lyme disease were strongly positive. SIFA was found to be highly specific, since sera from all patients with secondary or latent syphilis and patients with rheumatoid arthritis did not react in the test. Strong cross-reactivity occurred when these sera were tested in conventional IFA and ELISA; sera from 38 (69%) patients with syphilis were positive by IFA and sera from 51 (93%) patients were positive by ELISA, whereas 7 (21%) and 12 (36%) of the serum samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were positive by IFA and ELISA, respectively. Immunoblot analysis of SIFA-positive sera showed that the 31- and 34-kDa outer surface proteins (proteins A and B, respectively) of B. burgdorferi were the major reactive antigens involved in the test. The results support a role for SIFA in the investigation of complicated Lyme disease as well as in the differentiation of Lyme disease from other diseases associated with B. burgdorferi cross-reactive antibodies.
p21-Activated Kinase 2 Regulates Endothelial Development and Function through the Bmk1/Erk5 Pathway

ABSTRACT p21-activated kinases (Paks) have been shown to regulate cytoskeleton rearrangements, cell proliferation, attachment, and migration in a variety of cellular contexts, including endothelial cells. However, the role of endothelial Pak in embryo development has not been reported, and currently, there is no consensus on the endothelial function of individual Pak isoforms, in particular p21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2), the main Pak isoform expressed in endothelial cells. In this work, we employ genetic and molecular studies that show that Pak2, but not Pak1, is a critical mediator of development and maintenance of endothelial cell function. Endothelial depletion of Pak2 leads to early embryo lethality due to flawed blood vessel formation in the embryo body and yolk sac. In adult endothelial cells, Pak2 depletion leads to severe apoptosis and acute angiogenesis defects, and in adult mice, endothelial Pak2 deletion leads to increased vascular permeability. Furthermore, ubiquitous Pak2 deletion is lethal in adult mice. We show that many of these defects are mediated through a newly unveiled Pak2/Bmk1 pathway. Our results demonstrate that endothelial Pak2 is essential during embryogenesis and also for adult blood vessel maintenance, and they also pinpoint the Bmk1/Erk5 pathway as a critical mediator of endothelial Pak2 signaling.
Induction of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rat C6 Glioma Cells

Abstract: We have examined the induction of nitric oxide syhthase (NOS) activity in the rat astrocyte‐derived C6 glioma cell line. In contrast to the previous results with primary astrocyte cultures, incubation of C6 cells with bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 μg/ml for 24 h) did not stimulate NO2 production. However, addition of either tumor necrosis factor‐a (TNF‐α) or interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), cytokines that by themselves had no effect on NOS activity, imparted LPS responsiveness onto these cells in a dose‐dependent manner (EC50 values of 39 ng/ml of TNF‐α and 9.4 U/ml of IFN‐γ), and the effect of TNF‐α could be further potentiated (twofold) by the presence of interleukin‐1β. The simultaneous presence of TNF‐α and IFN‐γ yielded a greater response than either cytokine alone; however, the respective EC50 values were not affected. A cytoplasmic extract from induced C6 cells catalyzed the Ca2+‐independent conversion of l‐arginine to l‐ citrulline, with an apparent Km of 51.2 nM, and this activity could be blocked by l‐arginine analogues in the potency order amino > methyl > nitroarginine. Immunoblot analysis revealed an apparent molecular mass of 125 kDa for the NOS protein induced in C6 cells. These results indicate that the combination of LPS plus cytokines can induce NOS activity in C6 glioma cells with properties similar to those of the enzyme expressed in primary astrocyte cultures.
Impact of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) polymorphisms on serum triglyceride levels in schizophrenic patients under long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment

Abstract Objectives. Schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine or olanzapine often develop hypertriglyceridemia. The apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5), which affects VLDL production and lipolysis, has been implicated in the triglyceride (TG) metabolism. This study examined the association of common APOA5 genetic variants and TG levels in chronically institutionalized schizophrenic patients, on a stable dose of atypical antipsychotic (clozapine, olanzapine or risperidone. Methods. The TG levels in 466 schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine (n = 182), olanzapine (n = 89) or risperidone (n = 195) were measured. Patients were genotyped for the three APOA5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs662799 (–1131T > C), rs651821 (3A > G) and rs2266788 (1891T > C). Results. A gene × drug interaction with TG levels was observed. In single-marker-based analysis, the minor alleles of the two polymorphisms (–1131C and –3G) were observed to be associated with increased TGs in patients treated with risperidone, but not with clozapine or olanzapine. Haplotype analysis further revealed that carriers of the haplotype constructed with the three minor alleles had higher TG levels than those who did not carry this haplotype in patients taking risperidone (CGC(+/+) vs. = 125.4 ± 59.1 vs. 82.2 ± 65.8, P = 0.015; CGC(–/+ ) vs. CGC(–/–) = 113.7 ± 80.4 vs. 82.2 ± 65.8, P = 0.012). Conclusions. Our findings extend and add new information to the existing data regarding the association between APOA5 and TG regulation during long-term atypical antipsychotic treatment.
A Controlled Study of a Group Mindfulness Intervention for Individuals Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background:This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of a mindfulness-based intervention for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (MI-IBD). Design:Treatment-as-usual control versus mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention. Methods:Sixty patients participated in either the MI-IBD (n = 33) or treatment-as-usual group (n = 27) conditions. The MI-IBD consisted of an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction training group. Outcome measures were administered at baseline (before intervention), immediately after intervention, and 6 months after intervention. Primary outcomes included measures of quality of life, psychological distress (depression and anxiety), and mindfulness. Data for MI-IBD group participants also included weekly attendance, daily minutes meditated, and satisfaction with the program. Results:There were no baseline differences between intervention and control groups on demographic variables or inflammatory bowel disease severity. Compared with the control group, the MI-IBD group reported significantly greater improvements in anxiety, quality of life, and mindfulness at after intervention, with reduction in depression and improvements in quality of life and mindfulness maintained at 6 months after intervention. Conclusions:Results demonstrate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a mindfulness intervention for patients with inflammatory bowel disease, with medium-to-large effects on psychological distress, quality of life, and mindfulness.
New test-bed for evaluation of antenna and system performance for MIMO systems

A new testbed specifically designed for evaluation and measurement of MIMO systems is presented. A flexible and reconfigurable system was implemented, where some system parameters such as sampling frequency and power gain are selectable via software. Also multiple antenna configurations are considered. A user interface was developed in order to simplify testing of algorithm. Thus, the user does not need to design the MIMO scheme or algorithm considering real-time constrains or requirements of the specific platform. On the other hand, real implementation effects and realistic scenarios are included in the system, which allows a more complete study of algorithms. An example with a conventional MIMO algorithm was performed in order to validate the implemented testbed.
Nasal mechanical ventilation for hypercapnic respiratory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Determinants of success and failure

To evaluate the efficacy of nasal mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and hypercapnic respiratory failure and to identify predictors of success or failure of nasal mechanical ventilation. Design:Prospective case series. Setting:Medical intensive care unit in Veterans Administration Medical Center. Patients:Twelve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated during 14 episodes of hypercapnic respiratory failure. Interventions:Nasal mechanical ventilation in addition to conventional therapy to treat hypercapnic respiratory failure. Patients underwent nasal mechanical ventilation for at least 30 mins, or longer if the therapy was tolerated. Responses to therapy and arterial blood gases were monitored. Measurements and Main Results:Half of the episodes were successfully treated with nasal mechanical ventilation. There were no differences hi age, prior pulmonary function, baseline arterial blood gases, admission arterial blood gases, or respiratory rate between those patients successfully treated and those patients who failed nasal mechanical ventilation. Unsuccessfully treated patients appeared to have a greater severity of illness than successfully treated patients, as indicated by a higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (mean 21 × 4 [SD] VS. 15 ±4; p = .02). Unsuccessfully treated patients were edentulous, had pneumonia or excess secretions, and had pursed-lip breathing, factors that prevented adequate mouth seal and contributed to greater mouth leaks than in successfully treated patients (the mean volume of the mouth leak was 314 ±107 vs. 100 ±70 mL; p < .01). Successfully treated patients were able to adapt more rapidly to the nasal mask and ventilator, with greater and more rapid reduction in Paco2, correction of pH, and reduction hi respiratory rate. Conclusions:Patients who failed nasal mechanical ventilation appeared to have a greater severity of illness; they were unable to minimize the amount of mouth leak (because of lack of teeth, secretions, or breathing pattern) and were unable to coordinate with the ventilator. These features may allow identification of poor candidates for nasal mechanical ventilation, avoiding unnecessary delays in endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. (Crit Care Med 1994; 22:1253–1261)
Terrain data peer-to-peer storage model

In order to enhance terrain data network service performance, P2P technology is gradually used in large scale terrain data roaming system. It is vital to research on how to construct terrain data peer-to-peer (P2P) storage model according to its features. In this paper, we present a terrain data P2P storage model according to the pyramid model. In our terrain data P2P storage model, terrain data is organized as multi-resolution pyramid model based on multiple of 2, and data blocks among different levels are denoted in quad tree structure. Furthermore, system structure based on the P2P storage model is logically divided as three layers: terrain data server layer, terrain data service layer and terrain data download layer. Terrain data server layer is composed of data servers in traditional C/S model, and its main function is not directly to provide download service to terrain data users, but to manage, distribute and update terrain data in the system. Terrain data service layer is composed of part of clients in traditional C/S model, and its main function is to provide data search service and maintain terrain data download layer. Terrain data download layer is composed of another part of clients in traditional C/S model, and its main function is to store terrain data and provide data download service each other. From the primary test of this model, we find that the terrain data can be downloaded from more than a node so that the download speed is greatly accelerated using the terrain data P2P storage model, which can realize the massive data transmission at the lower cost compared with the single broadcast.
Liposome-incorporated ciprofloxacin in treatment of murine salmonellosis

We used a dehydration-rehydration procedure in order to efficiently incorporate ciprofloxacin into phospholipid vesicles (liposomes), which we then used to treat BALB/c mice that had been infected per os with Salmonella dublin. A single injection of liposome-incorporated ciprofloxacin (LIC) was 10 times more effective than a single injection of free drug at preventing mortality. When free ciprofloxacin was administered twice daily for 5 days, it was more effective than when it was administered as a single dose. Treatment with LIC produced dose-dependent decreases in bacterial counts in spleen, stool, and Peyer's patches, indicating that the drug had distributed to all areas of inflammation, not just to the major reticuloendothelial system organs. Although LIC was cleared rapidly from the blood, drug persisted in the liver and spleen for at least 48 h after administration of a dose of LIC. We attribute the enhanced activity of LIC to the concentration and persistence of active drug in the infected organs. Our results confirm the fact that ciprofloxacin is effective therapy for systemic salmonella infection and show that LIC is even more effective than aqueous ciprofloxacin in our model.
3D Die-to-wafer Cu/Sn Microconnects Formed Simultaneously with an Adhesive Dielectric Bond Using Thermal Compression Bonding

The simultaneous formation of Cu/Sn microconnects and an adhesive bond during wafer level thermal compression bonding was evaluated using a 3D enabled single metal level test die and wafer. The wafer level bond process relied on locally dispensed adhesive to fix the dice to the wafer prior to bonding and to become a permanent bond during the bonding process. The die-to-wafer microconnect resistance was measured for micropad pitches of 59, 64, and 69 ¿m. The robustness of the Cu/Sn and adhesive bond was demonstrated by thinning the bonded die to 50 ¿m. Package level reliability testing of parts that were wire bonded into a thermally enhanced plastic ball grid array (PBGA) package indicates good reliability behavior and the absence of any intrinsic reliability-related issues in the microconnects.