Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpolating Diffracted Multiples with Prediction-error Filters

Diffracted multiples are a persistent problem, especially in the cross-line direction. Methods to remove these multiples typically require dense and complete sampling. I use non-stationary prediction-error filters to interpolate extra shots in the in-line direction and extra receivers in the cross-line direction. The dimensionality of the interpolation does not make a big difference in the in-line direction, but makes a large difference in the cross-line direction. This is shown with several tests on a synthetic dataset.
Increased Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Noncalcified Plaque Among HIV-Infected Men: Relationship to Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiac Risk Parameters

Objective:In this study, the effects of traditional cardiac risk factors on coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and presence of plaque, including noncalcified plaque, measured by computed tomography coronary angiography, were compared among HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected subjects, with respect to the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MS). Design and Methods:HIV-infected men recruited for the presence of the MS (HIV + MS, n = 27) were compared with 2 control groups, HIV-infected men recruited without regard to metabolic criteria (HIV, n = 87), and HIV-negative control men (C, n = 40), also recruited without regard to any metabolic criterion. Results:All 3 groups were similar in age, demographic parameters, and smoking. MS was seen in 100% of the HIV + MS group, compared with 28% in the HIV-infected control group and 11% in the HIV-negative controls. HIV + MS subjects had higher mean CAC score than HIV-infected controls (72 ± 25 vs. 30 ± 8, P = 0.04, HIV + MS vs. HIV) and HIV-negative controls (72 ± 25 vs. 18 ± 7; P = 0.02, HIV + MS vs. C). With respect to CAC, only the HIV + MS group had increased CAC compared with non-HIV. In contrast, both HIV groups demonstrated an increased prevalence of plaque [63% vs. 38%, P = 0.04 (HIV + MS vs. C) and 59% vs. 38%, P = 0.02, (HIV vs. C)] and increased number of noncalcified plaque segments compared with the HIV-negative group [1.26 ± 0.31 vs. 0.45 ± 0.16, P = 0.01 (HIV + MS vs. C); 1.02 ± 0.18 vs. 0.45 ± 0.16, P = 0.04 (HIV vs. C)]. Plaque and noncalcified plaque did not differ significantly between the HIV groups. Conclusions:Metabolic abnormalities in HIV patients are specifically associated with increased coronary artery calcification, whereas HIV itself or other factors may be associated with the development of noncalcified lesions.
What if CLIQUE were fast? Maximum Cliques in Information Networks and Strong Components in Temporal Networks

Exact maximum clique finders have progressed to the point where we can investigate cliques in million-node social and information networks, as well as find strongly connected components in temporal networks. We use one such finder to study a large collection of modern networks emanating from biological, social, and technological domains. We show inter-relationships between maximum cliques and several other common network properties, including network density, maximum core, and number of triangles. In temporal networks, we find that the largest temporal strong components have around 20-30% of the vertices of the entire network. These components represent groups of highly communicative individuals. In addition, we discuss and improve the performance and utility of the maximum clique finder itself.
Health Differences Among Lesbian, Gay, and Transgender Veterans by Rural/Small Town and Suburban/Urban Setting.

PURPOSE We explored the relationship between geographic location and health indicators for lesbian, gay, and transgender veterans. METHODS We solicited participation in an online survey through national and city LGBT organizations and personal contacts to examine differences in depression, anxiety, alcohol and tobacco use, and body mass index among lesbian, gay, and transgender veterans (n = 252) in suburban/urban and rural/small town locations. Bisexual participants were too few to include in the analyses. RESULTS As expected, rural/small town lesbian, gay, and transgender veterans spent more time traveling to their primary care provider. Travel time was also positively related to depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, only suburban/urban and rural/small town gay men differed in measures of depression and anxiety and tobacco use. That is, rural/small town gay men reported greater depressive and anxiety symptoms and greater tobacco use than their suburban/urban counterparts. Consistent with this finding, rural/small town gay men reported less community-related identity than suburban/urban men. Suburban/urban lesbian women showed a nonsignificant trend for community identity compared with rural/small town women. CONCLUSION Similar to civilian studies, suburban/urban and rural/small town lesbian, gay, and transgender veterans evidenced few health differences, with the exception of suburban/urban gay men. Although rural/small town gay male veterans evidenced more depression and anxiety and less community identity than suburban/urban men, social networks likely differ for lesbian, gay, and transgender subgroups. Lesbian, gay, and transgender veterans may also differ from their civilian counterparts in ways that we do not yet understand.
Insights into How Longicorn Beetle Larvae Determine the Timing of Metamorphosis: Starvation-Induced Mechanism Revisited

Larvae of holometabolous insects must determine the timing of their metamorphosis. How they determine this timing has only been studied in detail for a few insect species. In a few species of Coleoptera, starvation is known to be a cue for metamorphosis, leading to the formation of smaller adults (starvation-induced pupation, SiP). We investigated the occurrence of SiP in the beetle Psacothea hilaris. When P. hilaris larvae were starved late in the feeding phase of the last (5th) instar, they exhibited typical SiP characterized by constancy of the time from food deprivation to pupation (TTP) irrespective of the body weight upon food deprivation or the length of prior feeding. In contrast, when larvae were starved early in the feeding phase, TTP decreased by roughly 1 day as the feeding became 1 day longer. The change in the response to starvation was estimated to occur on day 5.9 in the last instar. A series of refeeding experiments suggested that whereas SiP occurred readily in the larvae starved in the late feeding phase, activation of SiP was suspended until day 5.9 in the larvae starved early in the feeding phase. When P. hilaris larvae were fed continuously, they eventually ceased feeding spontaneously and pupated. The time length between spontaneous cessation of feeding and pupation was approximately equal to the TTP in SiP. This suggests that the same mechanism was activated by food deprivation in the late feeding phase and by spontaneous cessation of ad libitum feeding.
Complex Loci in Human and Mouse Genomes

Mammalian genomes harbor a larger than expected number of complex loci, in which multiple genes are coupled by shared transcribed regions in antisense orientation and/or by bidirectional core promoters. To determine the incidence, functional significance, and evolutionary context of mammalian complex loci, we identified and characterized 5,248 cis-antisense pairs, 1,638 bidirectional promoters, and 1,153 chains of multiple cis-antisense and/or bidirectionally promoted pairs from 36,606 mouse transcriptional units (TUs), along with 6,141 cis-antisense pairs, 2,113 bidirectional promoters, and 1,480 chains from 42,887 human TUs. In both human and mouse, 25% of TUs resided in cis-antisense pairs, only 17% of which were conserved between the two organisms, indicating frequent species specificity of antisense gene arrangements. A sampling approach indicated that over 40% of all TUs might actually be in cis-antisense pairs, and that only a minority of these arrangements are likely to be conserved between human and mouse. Bidirectional promoters were characterized by variable transcriptional start sites and an identifiable midpoint at which overall sequence composition changed strand and the direction of transcriptional initiation switched. In microarray data covering a wide range of mouse tissues, genes in cis-antisense and bidirectionally promoted arrangement showed a higher probability of being coordinately expressed than random pairs of genes. In a case study on homeotic loci, we observed extensive transcription of nonconserved sequences on the noncoding strand, implying that the presence rather than the sequence of these transcripts is of functional importance. Complex loci are ubiquitous, host numerous nonconserved gene structures and lineage-specific exonification events, and may have a cis-regulatory impact on the member genes.
Two Ranked Aware Phase Surveillance in Wireless Sensor Networks

Event detection and environment surveillance are the important issues in wireless sensor networks. However,using the non-renewable power source leads to the short lifetime of the networks. For this reason the scheduling process is to determine the time sensor node wakes up and goes sleeping to conserve energy, so the delay time and the working interval would become trade-off. In this article, we introduce the two ranked aware phase surveillance to lower the delay time, and we use the sensed data to make the scheduling policy.We consider the event happening in two phase, so we propose two surveillance models to cope with these two phases,although this model is simple to create it can achieve the goal of reducing the delay time of detection and delivery. Finally, we show our performance in the simulation section and then describe the improvement of our approach in the future work section.
Visual distraction test setup for an multimodal in-vehicle dialogue system

The goal of the SIMSI (Safe In-vehicle Multimodal Speech Interaction) project is threefold. Firstly, to integrate a dialogue system for menu-based dialogue with a GUI-driven in-vehicle infotainment system. Secondly, to further improve the integrated system with respect to driver distraction, thus making the system safer to use while driving. Thirdly, to verify that the resulting system decreases visual distraction and cognitive load during interaction. This demo paper describes the test environment designed to enable evaluation of the system, and the planned visual distraction tests.
Fast solution of finite element/boundary integral problems employing hierarchical Green's function interpolation combined with multilevel fast multipole method

A fast solver for finite element/boundary integral (FEBI) problems is discussed, which is suitable for low frequency as well as mid frequency problems. For the boundary integral part, low frequency computations are approximated by multilevel Green's function interpolation with fast Fourier transform acceleration (MLIPFFT). Mid frequency computations are accelerated by the multilevel fast multipole method (MLFMM). Furthermore, hierarchical and nearly-orthogonal higher order basis functions are considered as well as a loop-tree decomposition of Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions. In numerical examples, the efficiency of the combined MLIPFFT/MLFMM fast solver is shown.
Predicting Momentum Shifts in NBA Games

During the first round of the 2015 NBA playoffs, the eventual champions, the Golden State Warriors, found themselves pitted against the New Orleans Pelicans. In Game 3 of their matchup, the Pelicans opened the second quarter with a stretch in which they scored 19 points and the Warriors scored none. They opened the third quarter with a similar 10-0 run, and, despite comeback efforts by the Warriors, the Pelicans were up 20 points by the start of the fourth quarter. Against all odds, the Warriors managed to take momentum at this point, outscoring the Pelicans 39-19 in the quarter and eventually winning the game in overtime. These types of momentum shifts are not atypical in basketball. The media often attributes these momentum shifts and streaks to “players getting distracted” or “not wanting it enough. ” Our project hopes to delve past this rhetoric and determine effective methods to predict momentum shifts in these games. The ability to predict momentum shifts is valuable as it grants coaches the ability to counter momentum shifts in real time. We postulate that streaks are the factors that make or break games; thus, we define a streak as a point where one team scores 8 or more points while limiting its opponent to 0 points. We decided on this definition of a streak after an in-depth literature review (see References). There are several useful data points that can be used as features to reasonably predict the likelihood of a team going on a streak at any given point in an NBA game. While traditional NBA stats like fouls, turnovers, and rebounds are good features, other non-traditional stats, such as frequency and recency of timeouts, changes in lineups, and overall team offensive rating, have proven insightful in predicting streaks as well. For our project, we use a “window” approach to predict whether or not a streak is about to occur; in other words, we look at the previous 20 events in a game (timeouts, turnovers, shots made or missed, rebounds, etc.) to predict whether or not a streak will occur in the next 20 events. We found that on average about 500 events occur in one game. The input to our algorithm is then a combination of statistics from the past 20 events along with some metadata about the teams. We then use two models, logistic regression and an SVM, to classify whether or not a streak will occur over the course of the next 20 events. The inherent difficulty of this problem is tied to the high amount of variance in between basketball games. Every game has its own unique set of players, coaches, and referees, and so many different events can occur in a given game at any point in time. Our goal is to find features that transcend this high amount of variance and can serve as useful predictors over several unique basketball games.
Selection of Continuous Features Based on Distribution of Objects

A novel feature selection approach is proposed for data space defined over continuous features, which obtains a subset of features,such that it can discriminate class labels of objects and its discriminant ability is not inferior to that of the original features,so to effectively improve the learning performance and intelligibility of the classification model.According to the spatial distribution of objects and their classification labels,a data space with continuous features is partitioned into subspaces,each with a clear edge and a single classification label.Then these labelled subspaces are projected to each continuous feature.The measurement of each feature is estimated for a subspace against all other subspace-projected features by means of statistical significance.Through the construction of a matrix of the measurements of the subspaces by all features,the subspace-projected features are ranked in a descending order based on the discriminant ability of each feature in the matrix.After evaluating a gain function of the discriminant ability defined by the best-so-far feature subset,the resulting feature subset can be incrementally determined. Our comprehensive experiments on the UCI Repository data sets have demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach of feature selection.
Central and peripheral neurite outgrowth differs in preference for heparin-binding versus integrin-binding sequences

Neurons of the CNS and PNS differ in their response to fibronectin (FN) and proteolytic fragments of FN. The 33 kDa C-terminal cell and heparin- binding fragment of FN, in particular, is a strong promoter of CNS neurite outgrowth. To define further the neurite-promoting activity of the 33 kDa fragment, and to investigate further the differences between PNS and CNS responses to FN and the 33 kDa fragment, we contrasted neurite outgrowth by CNS and PNS neurons on three synthetic peptides representing sequences from this fragment of FN: two heparin-binding peptides, FN-C/H I and FN-C/H II (McCarthy et al., 1990), and an integrin-binding peptide, CS1 (Humphries et al., 1987). Spinal cord (SC) neurons, from the CNS, differed from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, from the PNS, with respect to substratum preference for heparin-binding versus integrin-binding peptides. SC neurite outgrowth was greatest on the heparin-binding peptide FN-C/H II, while DRG neurite outgrowth was greatest on the a4 beta 1 integrin-binding peptide CS1. To test whether the difference in substratum preference was due to differences in the molecular mechanism by which SC and DRG neurons interact with the 33 kDa fragment of FN, anti-beta 1 integrin antibodies and/or soluble heparin were added to the cultures as potential inhibitors of integrin-mediated or proteoglycan-mediated interactions with FN. SC neurite outgrowth was much more sensitive to the effect of heparin than anti-beta 1 integrin, indicating SC neurite outgrowth may involve predominantly a heparin-sensitive mechanism. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Eliciting classroom motivation: Not a piece of cake

This thesis attempted to contribute to the quest of practitioners and researchers to find guidelines on how to establish a healthy motivational orientation in the classroom. This is not an easy objective. There are many theories and concepts regarding motivation. We provided an overview in Chapter 2 of 36 motivation theories to gain more insight into what motivation is and how it works in the classroom. In Chapter 3 we highlighted motivation constructs derived from different motivation perspectives that can predict classroom performance together. Further, we presented the effects of a motivational intervention on intrinsic motivation, persistence, self-regulatory skills and performance (Chapter 4); we distinguished between the effects for boys and girls (Chapter 5); and investigated the applicability of self-determination theory across situations (Chapter 6). This chapter will start by presenting and elaborating on our results. We use the metaphor of the motivation cake that was introduced in the first chapter of this thesis to illustrate our conclusions. Subsequently, we discuss study limitations and present our suggestions for future research as well as the theoretical and practical implications of the present thesis.
Living by the numbers: understanding the “quantification effect”

Purpose This paper aims to establish if quantified self-data positively impact motivation in a goal pursuit across a broad cross-section of consumers and in multiple contexts; and to understand the underlying causal mechanism and identify boundary conditions. Design/methodology/approach Exploratory qualitative research helped direct the hypotheses development. Two quantitative experiments were then conducted via MTURK, involving 331 respondents, to test the hypotheses in two different personal goal areas (fitness and carbon footprint reduction). Findings Self-quantification has a significant and positive impact on anticipated motivation in both contexts studied. The mediated model provides insight into the psychological process underlying self-quantification’s motivational impact, which involves strengthening user perceptions regarding feedback meaningfulness, self-empowerment and goal focus. Age (>50) was found to be a boundary condition; however, distance to goal was not. Research limitations/implications This paper focuses on initial (anticipated) motivation, which is the vital first step in behavior change. However, more work is needed to understand quantification’s long-term impact over the course of a behavior change process. Practical implications This research encourages firms to incorporate self-quantification features into products/services aimed at behavior change and helps firms better understand consumer-perceived benefits. It alerts firms regarding the extra effort needed to convince older consumers of these benefits. Originality/value This is the first study to confirm the “quantification effect” on motivation in multiple life areas and provide a causal model to explain how it works. It is also the first to highlight age as a boundary condition.
An Anaphora Based Information Retrieval Model Extension

Classical information retrieval models are based on representation of document terms without considering linguistic elements. This article presents a model based on the Discourse Nominal Structure; which lets us take linguistic characteristics of text into account. The model presented is evaluated in comparison with the vector space model. Based on observations during the experimentation we propose modifications to the model in order to achieve a better qualitative performance than originally.
A Socio-Psychological Approach to the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma

A ect Control Theory (ACT), as a model of human interaction, attempts to capture a part of the human psyche that tends to go overlooked in the study of Arti cial Intelligence: the role of emotion in decision making. It provides an empirically derived mathematical framework for the otherwise ethereal feeling that guide our every action, even in ways that may appear irrational. In this work, we apply BayesACT, a variant on classical ACT, to the much-studied Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma, showing that it appears to human players to approach the game more like a human than other computerized agents. Additionally, we expand into the networked version of this game, showing that the observed human behaviours of decision hysteresis, network structure invariance, and anti-correlation of cooperation and reward, are all emergent properties of the networked
Instanton homology and symplectic xed points

A gradient flow of a Morse function on a compact Riemannian manifold is said to be of Morse-Smale type if the stable and unstable manifolds of any two critical points intersect transversally. For such a Morse-Smale gradient flow there is a chain complex generated by the critical points and graded by the Morse index. The boundary operator has as its (x, y)-entry the number of gradient flow lines running from x to y counted with appropriate signs whenever the difference of the Morse indices is 1. The homology of this chain complex agrees with the homology of the underlying manifold M and this can be used to prove the Morse inequalities [30] (see also [24]). Around 1986 Floer generalized this idea and discovered a powerful new approach to infinite dimensional Morse theory now called Floer homology. He used this approach to prove the Arnold conjecture for monotone symplectic manifolds [12] and discovered a new invariant for homology 3-spheres called instanton homology [11]. This invariant can roughly be described as the homology of a chain complex generated by the irreducible representations of the fundamental group of the homology 3-sphere M in the Lie group SU(2). These representations can be thought of as flat connections on the principal bundle M × SU(2) and they appear as the critical points of the Chern-Simons functional on the infinite dimensional configuration space of connections on this bundle modulo gauge equivalence. The gradient flow lines of the Chern-Simons functional are the self-dual Yang-Mills instantons on the 4-manifold M ×R and
Optimal Multistage PMU Placement for Wide-Area Monitoring

This paper proposes a novel optimization model to maximize the power system observability by placing phasor measurement units (PMUs) in a multistage manner. The problem is constrained by the financial budgets available at each installation stage. The budget may be spent on purchasing and installing new PMUs and relocating PMUs already installed in the power system. This problem is very difficult to solve when the problem size becomes big. Therefore, a newly developed meta-heuristic, called chemical reaction optimization (CRO), is used to solve this optimal multistage PMU placement problem (OMPP), and numerical studies are carried out on the IEEE 57-bus, 118-bus, and 300-bus systems.