Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensor Fault Tolerant Controller for a Double Inverted Pendulum System

This paper presents an Internal Model Control based structure to realise fault tolerance towards sensor faults. The proposed design implicitly embeds fault detection and controller elements requirements with considerations to stability and robustness towards uncertainties besides multiple faults environment. The performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated via multi input multi output and unstable system i.e. the double inverted pendulum system. Performance of the controller is compared with the well known H controller. Results show the potential of this controller for implementation to handle systems with multiple sensor faults and uncertainties.
Reusing simulation experiments for model composition and extension

As the number of available models as well as their complexity grows, model reuse becomes increasingly interesting. However, building new models based on reusing existing ones poses several challenges, and among others, checking validity of the newly built model and the model reuse is of paramount importance. The modeling process is typically accompanied by executing simulation experiments, e.g., for model validation. Therefore, this thesis aims to employ simulation experiments to support developing models via model reuse, with a focus on validating the resulting model. The essential idea presented by this thesis is to reuse simulation experiments conducted for model validation. Individual models are annotated with their simulation experiments that have been performed for validating the model. Upon reuse of those models for building new ones, the associated simulation experiments are also reused and executed with the new model, to inspect whether the key behavior exhibited by the original models is preserved or not in the new model. Hence, the changes of model behavior resulting from the model reuse are revealed, and insights into validity of the new model are provided. As a prerequisite, an explicit, declarative experiment specification containing four aspects is proposed, i.e., model configuration, simulation configuration, data processing method, and model behavioral property. The embedded domain specific language SESSL is exploited and extended for specifying experiments. The tool TAECS is developed to automatically adapt and execute experiments as well as analyzing the results. To allow an automated evaluation of experiment results, simulation-based model checking techniques are adopted and integrated. Two types of model reuse are considered, i.e., model composition and model extension. Reusing simulation experiments in supporting model development via composition and extension are investigated individually. The effectiveness of the developed approach for model composition is demonstrated by two case studies, a case study of Lotka-Volterra models and a case study based on replaying a realistic simulation study of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, to illustrate the benefits of the developed approach for model extension, a case study of receptor ligand pathway is presented.
Irish direct investment in the US: evidence and further issues

This paper presents evidence and discusses possible implications for Ireland of the increasing level of Irish outward direct investment in the United States. Data available from the US Department of Commerce show that the relative position of outward FDI to the US to inward direct investment received from the US has increased considerably since the early 1980s, as has employment associated with Irish affiliates based in the US. We find evidence that the development witnessed in Ireland is consistent with its moving from Stage 2 to Stage 3 in the Investment Development Path, a concept due to Dunning (1981) and discussed in this paper. The possible effects of outward FDI on the home country are also discussed, introducing some of the potential issues a home country may face. They range from increased profits for investing firms, to labour market effects, spillovers for the investing firm and suppliers, to effects on the balance of payments. While an increase in profits is unambiguously positive for the home country, the other effects may turn out to be either positive or negative. This brief discussion, while being by no means exhaustive, hopes to stimulate interest in the issues involved and to prompt further research in these areas. ____________________________________________________________________
QoS-Enabled Dynamic Resource Management in Multi-Cell OFDMA-Based Systems

In this paper, we propose a novel cross-layer framework, which includes a two-level resource management to efficiently allocate subchannels among cell BSs (at the super-frame level) and do resource scheduling (at frame level) among intra-cell users based on channel condition and QoS requirement, and a system-level call admission control. The coordination among a plurality of BSs in the OFDMA-based network is realized at a controller. This framework improves the system throughput while maintaining the QoS requirement of mobile users. Our evaluations show that the proposed framework can improve the global resource utilization, reduce the packet loss rate, and improve the cell-edge user performance for different deployment scenarios. In addition, the dynamic resource management algorithm decouples the functionality of the controller and the BS so it is practical to implement in a real system.
Stress Analysis on Single-Crystal Diamonds by Raman Spectroscopy 3D Mapping

Results on stress analysis for single-crystal diamonds are presented. Isolated crystals were studied by Raman mapping and depth profiling techniques, using confocal microscopy. Diamonds were deposited on molybdenum and tantalum by hot filament and microwave CVD methods at growth rates between 10 and 30 μm·h-1. Crystals from 10 to 40 μm size were examined. Local stress was evaluated by analyzing the position, broadening and splitting of the 1332 cm-1 Raman peak in a 3D mapping. For the (001) orientation, the most stressed zone was found at the center of the crystal base, close to the interface with the substrate: a Raman peak around 1340 cm-1 was measured, corresponding to a pressure c.a. 3 GPa, according to our dynamical calculations. This peak disappears few microns out of the center, suggesting that this highly concentrated stress sector was the nucleation zone of the crystal. A shifting and slight broadening of the 1332 cm-1 band was observed in the rest of the crystal. The causes of these effects are discussed: they proved not to be due to anisotropic stress but to refractive effects. Same results were found for different crystal sizes and growth rates.
A morphological study on species of African Mormyrus (Teleostei: Mormyridae) and their electric organ discharges

Five species of Mormyrus Linné 1758, three from West Africa and one each from East and southern Africa, were compared morphologically, and their electric organ discharges (EODs) recorded in the field. The five species were morphologically well differentiated in terms of principal components analysis and discriminant analysis, with syntopical M. rume Valenciennes 1846 and M. subundulatus Roberts 1989 very close to but distinct from one another. Half the variation in the dataset was captured by PC1 alone, being mainly loaded by caudal peduncle depth and length, anal fin length, length of snout, pre-anal length, and dorsal fin ray count and length, in that order. Allopatric samples of M. lacerda Castelnau 1861 from the Upper Zambezi/Kwando system and Cunene River, Namibia, showed some differentiation regarded as infrasubspecific, similar to that of the M. rume samples from the Bandama River compared to those of the Comoé River, both in Côte d'Ivoire. The EODs, normalised to 25 °C, varied in average duration from 362 µs in the monopolar pulses of M. tenuirostris Peters 1882 sampled in Kenya, to 6 675 µs in the biphasic waveform pulses of M. lacerda, the waveform also displayed by all other Mormyrus species. The EOD of M. hasselquistii Valenciennes 1846 was so strong the fish was painful to handle. The EOD pulse duration of M. rume differed significantly between the sexes, being on average 1 334 µs (SE 106) in females and 2 008 µs (SE 195) in males.
Histogram of Maximal Optical Flow Projection for Abnormal Events Detection in Crowded Scenes

Abnormal events detection plays an important role in the video surveillance, which is a challenging subject in the intelligent detection. In this paper, based on a novel motion feature descriptor, that is, the histogram of maximal optical flow projection (HMOFP), we propose an algorithm to detect abnormal events in crowded scenes. Following the extraction of the HMOFP of the training frames, the one-class support vector machine (SVM) classification method is utilized to detect the abnormality of the testing frames. Compared with other methods based on the optical flow, experiments on several benchmark datasets show that our algorithm is effective with satisfying results.
Iron Gene Polymorphisms are Associated to Disability , Severity and Early Progression in Multiple Sclerosis

Department of Biomedical Sciences & Advanced Therap i s, Hematology Unit -Center Hemostasis & Thrombosis-, University of Ferrara, Italy; Department of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna Italy; Department of Medical Sciences and IRCAD, Eastern P iedmont University, Novara, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia e Genetica per le Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy; Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology (SCRB) Departme n , Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; SCDU Neurologia, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità and IRCAD, Novara, Italy; Department of Physics, European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), University of Milan, Italy; Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, It aly.
The thymidylate synthase gene of Hz‐1 virus: A gene captured from its lepidopteran host

The sequence analysis of a thymidylate synthase gene was identified in the Hz‐1 virus HindIII‐D fragment. The viral thymidylate synthase gene encodes a protein of 295 amino acids, and is closely related to that of insect, mammals and herpesvirus. The thymidylate synthase gene identified was a genuine viral gene in that it was only detected in cells infected with Hz‐1 virus but not in the mock infected cells, by Southern blot analysis and by RT‐PCR. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on non‐synonymous and amino acid distances suggested that the TS gene of Hz‐1 virus was grouped closely with that of Bombyx mori. High bootstrap values confirmed that the thymidylate synthase of Hz‐1 virus was acquired by a capture event from its lepidopteran host. Results of both sequence divergences and phylogenetic analysis suggested that TS genes in insect viruses, Hz‐1, CIV, and MsEPV may have a different history or originated from different capture events.
Adaptive Class Preserving Representation for Image Classification

In linear representation-based image classification, an unlabeled sample is represented by the entire training set. To obtain a stable and discriminative solution, regularization on the vector of representation coefficients is necessary. For example, the representation in sparse representation-based classification (SRC) uses L1 norm penalty as regularization, which is equal to lasso. However, lasso overemphasizes the role of sparseness while ignoring the inherent structure among samples belonging to a same class. Many recent developed representation classifications have adopted lasso-type regressions to improve the performance. In this paper, we propose the adaptive class preserving representation for classification (ACPRC). Our method is related to group lasso based classification but different in two key points: When training samples in a class are uncorrelated, ACPRC turns into SRC, when samples in a class are highly correlated, it obtains similar result as group lasso. The superiority of ACPRC over other state-of-the-art regularization techniques including lasso, group lasso, sparse group lasso, etc. are evaluated by extensive experiments.
Comparison of ICD Implantation in Obese and Nonobese Patients

Implantable defibrillator (ICD) therapy improves mortality in patients at risk for sudden cardiac death. Obese patients pose challenges during ICD implantation and may have an increased risk of procedure‐related complications. The comparison of acute procedural success and safety of ICD implantation in obese and nonobese patients has not been previously reported.
Las caídas fortuitas que causan fracturas en las personas mayores: evaluación de su impacto en la funcionalidad

Las caidas con fractura (cadera y muneca) en las personas mayores generan perdidas en la capacidad funcional de quienes las sufren, no solo en el momento inmediato tras la fractura sino, con frecuencia, de forma definitiva. Esta reduccion de la capacidad funcional es causa de dependencia. Sin embargo, esta dependencia no se presenta por igual en todos los sujetos que han padecido una caida con fractura y es relevante conocer cuales son los factores que asociados a la aparicion de dependencia para poder asi, abordar su prevencion desde el momento en el que se produce la caida. Por ello se plantea esta tesis que tiene como objetivos caracterizar a los sujetos que padecen caidas con fractura, analizar los factores asociados al pronostico funcional, considerando separadamente las fracturas de cadera y de muneca y validar la version en lengua castellana de la Escala de Lawton y Brody para la valoracion de las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria.Se desarrollo un estudio de cohorte sobre una muestra de sujetos mayores de 65 anos que acudieron al servicio de urgencias de seis hospitales de Osakidetza presentando fractura de cadera o muneca tras una caida. Se estudio la situacion funcional basal y a los seis meses tras la caida, asi como otra informacion de interes como la comorbilidad, el uso de farmacos, la red social el nivel educativo, entre otras.La dependencia a los seis meses de la caida se asocia a la situacion funcional y al estado de salud en el momento de sufrir la misma, a la red de apoyo social y familiar. Es por tanto, posible identificar a los sujetos con elevado riesgo de ser dependientes tras una caida y abordar de forma integral las necesidades complejas que presentan para reducir, asi el impacto de la fractura en terminos de dependencia.
Production of xylitol by a Coniochaeta ligniaria strain tolerant of inhibitors and defective in growth on xylose

In conversion of biomass to fuels or chemicals, inhibitory compounds arising from physical–chemical pretreatment of the feedstock can interfere with fermentation of the sugars to product. Fungal strain Coniochaeta ligniaria NRRL30616 metabolizes the furan aldehydes furfural and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, as well as a number of aromatic and aliphatic acids and aldehydes. Use of NRRL30616 to condition biomass sugars by metabolizing the inhibitors improves their fermentability. Wild‐type C. ligniaria has the ability to grow on xylose as sole source of carbon and energy, with no accumulation of xylitol. Mutants of C. ligniaria unable to grow on xylose were constructed. Xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase activities were reduced by approximately two thirds in mutant C8100. The mutant retained ability to metabolize inhibitors in biomass hydrolysates. Although C. ligniaria C8100 did not grow on xylose, the strain converted a portion of xylose to xylitol, producing 0.59 g xylitol/g xylose in rich medium and 0.48 g xylitol/g xylose in corn stover dilute acid hydrolysate. 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2016 © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 32:606–612, 2016
Development and characterization of EST-SSR markers in Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae)

Premise of the study: Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae), commonly known as silk cotton tree, is a multipurpose tree species of tropical forests. Novel expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were developed and characterized for the species using transcriptome analysis. Methods and Results: A total of 33 new EST-SSR markers were developed for B. ceiba, of which 13 showed polymorphisms across the 24 individuals from four distant populations tested in the study. The results showed that the number of alleles per polymorphic locus ranged from two to four, and the expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity per locus varied from 0.043 to 0.654 and from 0 to 0.609, respectively. Conclusions: These newly developed EST-SSR markers can be used in phylogeographic and population genetic studies to investigate the origin of B. ceiba populations. Furthermore, these EST-SSR markers could also greatly promote the development of molecular breeding studies pertaining to silk cotton tree.
Cognitive, environmental, and linguistic predictors of syntax in fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome.

PURPOSE To examine which cognitive, environmental, and speech-language variables predict expressive syntax in boys with fragile X syndrome (FXS), boys with Down syndrome (DS), and typically developing (TD) boys, and whether predictive relationships differed by group. METHOD We obtained Index of Productive Syntax ( Scarborough, 1990) scores for 18 boys with FXS only, 20 boys with both FXS and an autism spectrum disorder, 27 boys with DS, and 25 younger TD boys of similar nonverbal mental age. Predictors included group (diagnosis), nonverbal cognition, phonological working memory (PWM), maternal education, speech intelligibility, and expressive vocabulary. The research questions were addressed via hierarchical linear regression. RESULTS Diagnostic group, nonverbal cognition, and PWM predicted 56% of the variance in syntactic ability, with approximately three-fourths of the predicted variance explained by group membership alone. The other factors did not contribute any additional significant variance in this final model. There was no evidence that predictor effects differed by group. CONCLUSIONS Nonverbal cognition and PWM have an effect on expressive syntax beyond that of diagnostic group. These effects are estimated to be the same in boys with FXS, boys with DS, and TD boys. Explanations for residual variance and the relative role of different predictors are discussed.
Patrimonio como valor. Nuevas herramientas para la participación de las comunidades en la puesta en valor del patrimonio cultural

La Convencion sobre el Valor Patrimonial Cultural para la Sociedad, firmada en Faro en 2005 por el Consejo de Europa puede considerarse un hito para el rol de las comunidades en la conservacion y proteccion del patrimonio cultural. Su caracter singular reside en enfatizar el valor y potencial del patrimonio cultural para ser utilizado como un recurso para el desarrollo sostenible y para fomentar la calidad de vida en una sociedad en permanente evolucion, asi como para consolidar la cohesion social a traves de la promocion de una responsabilidad compartida sobre los lugares habitados.
WOFOST: a simulation model of crop production.

The WOFOST simulation model is a tool for analysing the growth and production of field crops under a wide range of weather and soil conditions. Such an analysis is important first to assess to what extent crop production is limited by the factors of light, moisture and macro-nutrients, and second to estimate what improvements are possible. The theoretical concept of a production situation, as modelled by WOFOST, is explained, as is the hierarchy of potential production and water-limited and nutrient-limited production situations in the analysis. The organization of the computer files in the model, the structure of the FORTRAN source program and the available standard sets of data are described briefly. The functions of the most important program sections are discussed. The model can be implemented on many kinds of computers. It can be used on its own, for site­ specific studies of agricultural production potentials. But it can also be coupled to Geographic Information Systems for regional studies, or be used as a data generator for regional agro-economic models. The data on climate, soil and crop, needed for the calculations with WOFOST are specified. However, the general scarcity of comprehensive datasets forms a major constraint for the widespread use of the model in land evaluation. Research (CABO). The version of the model described -- --~~=~~~: ~~;~~i~~~;c;~:~e s~~~~~~A:,~e~~~~:x 14~ 6700 -AA ··~· herej~ ~alled_WQFOST 4.1, which is _the_~'! n~'! rc! Y~~i()11
Massive device activity detection by approximate message passing

User activity detection is a central problem in massive device communication scenarios in which an access point needs to detect active devices among large number of potential devices each transmitting sporadically. By exploiting sparsity in user activity, the detection problem can be formulated as a compressed sensing problem, thereby allowing the use of computationally efficient approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm for activity detection. This paper proposes an AMP-based user activity detector that accounts for the statistics of device geographic locations in a cellular network. The proposed scheme is based on a minimum mean squared error (MMSE) denoiser designed for specific wireless channel fading and path-loss distributions. This paper further provides an analytic characterization of the false alarm versus missed detection probabilities using state evolution for AMP. Simulation results show significantly improved detection threshold for the channel-aware denoiser as compared to standard soft threshold based AMP.
Effects of Recombination Rate on Human Endogenous Retrovirus Fixation and Persistence

ABSTRACT Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) result from germ line infections by exogenous retroviruses. They can proliferate within the genome of their host species until they are either inactivated by mutation or removed by recombinational deletion. ERVs belong to a diverse group of mobile genetic elements collectively termed transposable elements (TEs). Numerous studies have attempted to elucidate the factors determining the genomic distribution and persistence of TEs. Here we show that, within humans, gene density and not recombination rate correlates with fixation of endogenous retroviruses, whereas the local recombination rate determines their persistence in a full-length state. Recombination does not appear to influence fixation either via the ectopic exchange model or by indirect models based on the efficacy of selection. We propose a model linking rates of meiotic recombination to the probability of recombinational deletion to explain the effect of recombination rate on persistence. Chromosomes 19 and Y are exceptions, possessing more elements than other regions, and we suggest this is due to low gene density and elevated rates of human ERV integration in males for chromosome Y and segmental duplication for chromosome 19.
The Writers: A History of American Screenwriters and Their Guild

The Writers is the only comprehensive qualitative analysis of the history of writers and writing in the film, television, and streaming media industries in America. Featuring in-depth interviews with over fifty writers - including Mel Brooks, Norman Lear, Carl Reiner, and Frank Pierson - The Writers delivers a compelling, behind-the-scenes look at the role and rights of writers in Hollywood and New York over the past century.