Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The principal’s role in markeTing The school: subjecTive inTerpreTaTions and personal influences introduction

The introduction of school choice programs into the educational systems of many Western countries throughout the 1980s and 1990s (Cookson, 1994; Levin, 2001; Lubienski, 2005; Nir, 2003; Oplatka, 2002) has led to more competitive environments for schools. In this kind of environment, a school (especially junior and senior high) has to face considerable competition from other schools for funds, resources, examination success, pupils, and public esteem. In Israel, many schools are compelled to compete for new pupils and funding if they want to survive financially. In large cities (e.g., Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa) the competitors are other urban schools due to the right given to parents to choose their child’s junior high school and high school. In other areas, the competitors might be magnet schools (e.g., Kibbutzim schools, holistic schools, and democratic schools), private schools, community schools, and so forth. To survive in this new environment, many schools have given an increased priority to the marketing of their programs and activities (Foskett, 2002; Hanson, 1996). They were found to incorporate various forms of marketing perspective into their strategy in order to successfully recruit students in the new competitive environment (Foskett, 2002; James & Philips, 1995; Levin, 2001; Oplatka, 2002) as well as to increase their public image in their community. These new functions and emphases, however, have not been without criticism. Ball (1993), for example, presents the introduction of school choice to education as a “mechanism of class reproduction” that legitimates and reinforces the “relative advantages of the middle and upper classes within state education” (p. 13). The strategic processes of choice systematically disadvantage working class families but benefit middle class groups (Gewirtz, Ball, & Bowe, 1995). Furthermore, the search for efficiency in education that underlies the school choice process seems to be in sharp contrast to other educational goals (e.g., democracy, equality), pushing schools in opposite directions (Labaree, 1997). The literature on educational marketing to date has been concerned with the ways by which schools market and promote themselves in the community (DeZarn, 1998; Foskett, 2002; James & Philips, 1995; Lauder & Hughes, 1999; Oplatka, 2002, 2007; Oplatka, Hemsley-Brown & Foskett, 2002), their strategies to maintain and enhance their image (Grace, 1995; Hanson, 1996), and the factors affecting parents and children and the processes they undergo when choosing their junior high and high school (Foskett & Hemsley-Brown, 2001; Maddaus, 1990; Oplatka, Izhar Oplatka Planning and Changing Vol. 38, No. 3&4, 2007, pp. 208–221
Echolocation caBs of twenty southern African bat species

Echolocation data and sonograms are reported for twenty southern African bat species from 13 localities, recorded with the Pettersson 0980 time-expansion bat detector. Data for eight species have not previously been reported. For seven species, two or more individuals were analysed in a range of situations, including handheld. tethered and free-flying (in a room and in different natural habitats). Sonograms, and seven echolocation call parameters agreed, with a few exceptions, with published data for individual species. Although intraspecific variation in echolocation call structure was documented, species tended to have recognisable 'vocal signatures', particularly when dominant frequency and harmonic structure were considered. The latter variables are readily retrieved by time expansion detectors, but not by frequency division or heterodyne detectors, Although generally they should be interpreted with caution, recordings from room-flown (five species) and hand-held (six species) bats obtained during this study matched, reasonably closely, additional recordings and observations of naturally flying individuals of the same species, using time expansion and heterodyne bat detectors. In four species, recordings obtained from a known species flying in a room or hand-held enabled the accurate, a posteriori species identification of unknown call sequences obtained during subsequent general recordings from bat feeding areas.
Argirein alleviates corpus cavernosum dysfunction by suppressing pro‐inflammatory factors p66Shc and ER stress chaperone Bip in diabetic rats

Objectives The aim was to investigate whether argirein, which releases rhein and l‐arginine after medication, could improve erectile dysfunction (ED) in diabetic rats through normalising the abnormalities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), p66Shc and immunoglobulin heavy‐chain binding protein (Bip), in the corpus cavernosum (CC).
The role of E-2-hexenal and γ-amino butyric acid in plant defense responses

Green Leaf Volatiles (GLVs) are C6-molecules alcohols, aldehydes and esters produced by plants upon herbivory or during pathogen infection. Exposure to this blend of volatiles induces defense-related responses in neighboring undamaged plants, thus assigning a role to GLVs in regulating plant defenses. Here we compared Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ler with a hydroperoxide lyase lacking line, hpl1, unable to synthesize GLVs, for susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (DC3000). We found that the growth of DC3000 was significantly reduced in the hpl1 mutant. This phenomenon correlated with lower jasmonic acid (JA) levels and higher salicylic acid (SA) levels in the hpl1 mutant. Furthermore, upon infection, the JA-responsive genes VSP2 and LEC were only slightly or not induced, respectively, in hpl1. This suggests that the reduced growth of DC3000 in hpl1 plants is due to the constraint of JA-dependent responses. Treatment of hpl1 plants with E-2-hexenal, one of the more reactive GLVs, prior to infection with DC3000, resulted in increased growth of DC3000 in hpl1, thus complementing this mutant. Interestingly, the growth of DC3000 also increased in Ler plants treated with E-2hexenal. This stronger growth was not dependent on the JAsignaling component MYC2, but on ORA59, an integrator of JA and ethylene (ET) signaling pathways, and on the production of coronatine by DC3000. GLVs may have multiple effects on plantpathogen interactions, in this case reducing resistance to P. syringae via JA and ORA59.
Securing the network against malicious programmable switches

Our computing ecosystem relies heavily on highly available and performant networks. is critical role has meant that networked systems have long been a high-value target formalicious actors, with high-prole aacks reported with alarming frequency and increasing severity. While the most common aacks target end systems or services like DNS, increasingly, networking devices themselves are coming under aack. e motivation is transparent: compromising network routers and switches provides visibility across large swathes of individual end devices. For many aackers, being able to compromise network devices is thus a higher priority [1].
Annual plants change in size over a century of observations

Studies have documented changes in animal body sizes over the last century, but very little is known about changes in plant sizes, even though reduced plant productivity is potentially responsible for declines in size of other organisms. Here, I ask whether warming trends in the Great Basin have affected plant size by measuring specimens preserved on herbarium sheets collected between 1893 and 2011. I asked how maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the year of collection affected plant height, leaf size, and flower number, and asked whether changes in climate resulted in decreasing sizes for seven annual forbs. Species had contrasting responses to climate factors, and would not necessarily be expected to respond in parallel to climatic shifts. There were generally positive relationships between plant size and increased minimum and maximum temperatures, which would have been predicted to lead to small increases in plant sizes over the observation period. While one species increased in size and flower number over the observation period, five of the seven species decreased in plant height, four of these decreased in leaf size, and one species also decreased in flower production. One species showed no change. The mechanisms behind these size changes are unknown, and the limited data available on these species (germination timing, area of occupancy, relative abundance) did not explain why some species shrank while others grew or did not change in size over time. These results show that multiple annual forbs are decreasing in size, but that even within the same functional group, species may have contrasting responses to similar environmental stimuli. Changes in plant size could have cascading effects on other members of these communities, and differential responses to directional change may change the composition of plant communities over time.
Succession planning at higher education institutions: leadership style, career development and knowledge management practices as its predictors

Succession planning has spelt many affirmative returns to organizations, several reviews have indicated that this corporate initiative lacks in its planning, implementing and managing. It happens at higher education institutions in Malaysia that have been slow to embrace corporate formal succession planning approach. Perhaps the appropriate leadership style, perception of career development opportunities as well as knowledge management (KM) practices may enhance the succession planning of public universities in Malaysia. Therefore this study specifically intends to examine the significant relationships between succession planning and its predictors which are leadership style, career development and KM practices. The sampling frame in this study contained a list of all administrative officers from grade N41 to grade N54 at 19 public universities staff.According to the results, there is significant influence of two independent variables which are leadership style and KM on successive planning effectiveness. Nevertheless, career management does not influence successive planning effectiveness although both are significantly related.
Chapter 2 Decoding 2-D Maps by Autocovariance Function

This chapter describes a mathematical approach based on the study of the 2-D autocovariance function (2-D ACVF) useful for decoding the complex signals resulting from the separation of protein mixtures. The method allows to obtain fundamental analytical information hidden in 2-D PAGE maps by spot overlapping, such as the number of proteins present in the sample and the mean standard deviation of the spots, describing the separation performance. In addition, it is possible to identify ordered patterns potentially present in spot positions, which can be related to the chemical composition of the protein mixture, such as post-translational modifications. The procedure was validated on computer-simulated maps and successfully applied to reference maps obtained from literature sources.
Molecular Typing of Enteroviruses: Current Status and Future Requirements

SUMMARY Human enteroviruses have traditionally been typed according to neutralization serotype. This procedure is limited by the difficulty in culturing some enteroviruses, the availability of antisera for serotyping, and the cost and technical complexity of serotyping procedures. Furthermore, the impact of information derived from enterovirus serotyping is generally perceived to be low. Enteroviruses are now increasingly being detected by PCR rather than by culture. Classical typing methods will therefore no longer be possible in most instances. An alternative means of enterovirus typing, employing PCR in conjunction with molecular genetic techniques such as nucleotide sequencing or nucleic acid hybridization, would complement molecular diagnosis, may overcome some of the problems associated with serotyping, and would provide additional information regarding the epidemiology and biological properties of enteroviruses. We argue the case for developing a molecular typing system, discuss the genetic basis of such a system, review the literature describing attempts to identify or classify enteroviruses by molecular methods, and suggest ways in which the goal of molecular typing may be realized.
Energy efficient clustering using tree balancing algorithms in wireless sensor networks

Various hierarchical clustering schemes have been proposed in order to efficiently maintain the energy consumption of sensor nodes. Most of these schemes, however, are hardly applicable in practice since these schemes might produce unbalanced clusters or randomly distributed clusters without consideration for the distribution of sensor nodes. To overcome the limitations of such hierarchical clustering schemes, we propose a novel scheme called CUTA (Clustering Using Tree-balancing Algorithm) that exploits node split and merge algorithms of tree-based indexing structures to efficiently construct clusters. Our extensive performance studies show that CUTA produces highly balanced clustering in an energy efficient way and achieves up to 1.4 times higher performance than the previous clustering schemes, under various operational conditions.
Integrating a High-Level Planner with a Low-Level Robot

The theoretical aspects of automated planning, and associated results, have for long outstripped the application of these methods in problems of relevance in the real-world. Even today, advances in planning-related theory are reported on a far more regular basis than results on integrating and using these methods in applications. One major reason for this discrepancy is that the state-of-the-art planning systems that are used to report theoretical advances are hard to integrate and use in application scenarios. In this paper, we present work on an integrated planning and robotic architecture that actively directs an agent engaged in an urban search and rescue scenario. We describe three salient features that comprise the planning component of this system, namely (1) planning in a world open with respect to objects, (2) execution monitoring and replanning abilities, and (3) handling soft goals, and detail the interaction of this trio in representing and solving the application scenario at hand.
Alternatives to BIC in posterior model probability for Bayesian model averaging

Bayesian model averaging (BMA) classically uses BIC to calculate estimates of posterior model probability. This method is sometimes objected to in the literature on the basis that it is only correct to use BIC to select the optimal model. We propose two alternatives. Introduction Commonly in model-based clustering, we fit a number of competing models and base the clustering results on the best model. This ignores the uncertainty that arises from model selection. BMA allows for combination of clustering results across multiple models, thus accounting for model uncertainty. However, the best method for estimating the model uncertainty is contested. One approximation of the posterior model probabilities uses the BIC criterion to determine the weights. where for a list of candidate models M1, . ,Mm P(Mk|D) ' exp( 2 BICk) ∑K j=1 exp( 1 2 BICj) . (1) We propose two alternative methods. One uses BIC∗ in a similar way to Equation 1 but which corrects for small sample size. Another method is the convex hull method (CHull) (Bulteel et al (2013)) which produces weights as part of the algorithm. Methods When using BMA, suggested in Raftery (1995), to combine results across multiple models, it is required to weight candidate models according to the posterior model probability. This technique allows us to average across a statistic of interest, θ, say. We propose averaging across θMk the statistic of interest for each model using the posterior model probabilities from the two proposed methods. So, given model-based estimates of θ, θ̂Mk , say, we have
Oral Mucosal Lesion Detection Accuracy Post Lectures and Tests in Clinical Dental Students

The oral medicine field of dentistry comprises learning to diagnose oral soft tissue disease and is taught from the third year of dental school. Despite long-term learning on oral medicine, there are no data on the clinical accuracy of oral mucosal lesion (OML) diagnosis by clinical dental students (CDS). Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of oral medicine lectures prior to community service in Tanjung Pandan, Indonesia. Methods: An observational study was done by 60 CDS, divided into 3 groups, who were tested and/or given prior lectures. OML detection was performed by CDS and re-confirmed by an oral medicine specialist. The analyses were done by t-test, ANOVA, and Cohen’s Kappa. The results: Out of 615 patients, only 243 patients had OML. There was a significant difference in test scores found between groups with or without prior lectures(P=.026; P=.015). The accuracy and inter-agreement of OML detection was good with substantial agreement (AUC=.825; κ=.629); however, there was fair agreement on normal variant oral lesions (AUC=.68; κ=.322), and all groups failed to detect and diagnose OPMD lesions (AUC=.501; κ=.003). There was a positive correlation between test #2 and AUC OML (R=.845), and with every increase in test score, the accuracy is expected to be . 033 higher. Dental student OML knowledge should be upgraded by frequent oral lesion case practice. Further educational strategy is needed to develop dental student's knowledge and skill, so that they can integrate their learning into their practice. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2018; 11(1): pp. 101-106)
Neural tube defects associated with maternal periconceptional dietary intake of simple sugars and glycemic index 1 – 3

Background: Maternal diabetes, prepregnancy obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and intakes of sweets have been associated with increased risks of neural tube defects (NTDs). The interdependence of these factors suggests a common pathogenesis via altered glycemic control and insulin demand. Objective: We investigated whether maternal periconceptional dietary intakes of sucrose, glucose, fructose, and foods with higher glycemic index values influence the risk of having NTD-affected
Greedy Modularity Graph Clustering for Community Detection of Large Co-Authorship Network

Social networks as a domain of complex networks that can be represented as graphs according to the patterns of connections among their elements. Social Communities are a set of nodes with denser connections inside community structures than outside. The goal of graph clustering is to divide the large graph into many clusters depending on multiple similarity criteria. In this work an improved version of the Louvain method is proposed, the Greedy Modularity Graph Clustering for Community Detection of Large Co-AuthorshipNetwork (GMGC)which introduces a new concept of weighted edges to enhance the accuracy of the Community Discovery for the large networks. The method is compared with other states of art methods mainly, Vertices Similarity First and Community Mean (VSFCM), and Generalized Louvain method for community detection in large networks (FKCD). Extensive experimental results have been madeon different datasets. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperforms the other states of arts comparative methods according to the modularity optimization and community partitions evaluations measures.
O IL REVENUE AND MANUFACTURING SECTOR GROWTH IN A FRICA ’ S OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES

The study examines the impact of oil revenue on the growth of the manufacturing sector in Africa’s oil-exporting countries. It focuses on six major net oil-exporters in Africa, namely: Nigeria, Algeria, Sudan, Gabon, Cameroon and Egypt. Both static and dynamic panel data techniques are used to explore the effects of oil on the manufacturing sector of the countries between 1970 and 2010. The findings of the study show that the six countries do not exhibit significant country-specific effects, and the existence of Dutch disease is confirmed. The negative relationship between oil and manufacturing sector growth, which might be regarded as a symptom of the presence of Dutch disease, is significant in the panel dynamic model while it is not in the static model. The study also reveals that there is a dearth of capital formation in the six countries’ manufacturing sectors. It is further shown that the more capital-intensive the manufacturing sector is, the less the negative effect of the oil sector’s dominance. It is recommended that these countries should restructure their oil sector in such a way that proceeds from oil are largely utilised for more investment in the manufacturing sector.
ALGEBRAIC THINKING AND FORMALIZED MATHEMATICS – FORMAL REASONING AND THE CONTEXTUAL

Algebraic symbols allow a reasoning, in which one can detach from the referents of these symbols. This is the starting point for formalized mathematics. Reasoning algebraically on the basis of formalized mathematical objects is a central starting point for school mathematics in the middleand higher-grades. This paper explores how students reason algebraically with the help of a formal symbolic representation when working on an arithmetic-structural non-routine problem. It is argued that this form of algebraic reasoning has two intermingling aspects, namely formal reasoning and contextual reasoning. This case study suggests that students employ modes of contextual reasoning in order to direct their manipulations of algebraically represented objects.
Ultra scale‐down studies of the effect of flow and impact conditions during E. coli cell processing

The ability to recover cells from a fermentation broth in an intact form can be an important criterion for determining the overall performance of a recovery and purification sequence. Disruption of the cells can lead to undesired contamination of an extracellular product with intracellular components and vice versa loss of intracellular products may occur. In particular, the value of directed location of a product in the periplasmic space of say Escherichia coli (E. coli) would be diminished by such premature non‐selective cell disruption. Several options exist for cell recovery/removal; namely centrifugation, in batch or continuous configuration, filtration or membrane operations, and in selected cases expanded beds. The choice of operation is dependant on many variables including the impact on the overall process sequence. In all cases, the cells are exposed to shear stresses of varying levels and times and additionally such environments exist in ancillary operations such as pumping, pipe flow, and control valves. In this study, a small‐scale device has been designed to expose cells to controlled levels of shear, time and impact in a way that seeks to mimic those effects that may occur during full‐scale processes. The extent of cell breakage was found to be proportional to shear stress. An additional level of breakage occurred due to the jet impacting on the collecting surface. Here it was possible to correlate the additional breakage with the impact velocity, which is a function of the distance that the jet travels before meeting the collection surface and the initial jet velocity. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.