Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and associated factors with sports injuries among children and adolescents

BACKGROUND: The participation of children and adolescents in sports is becoming increasingly common, and this increased involvement raises concerns about the occurrence of sports injuries. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the sports injuries and verify the associated factors with injuries in children and adolescents. METHOD: Retrospective, epidemiological study. One thousand three hundred and eleven children and adolescents up to 18 years of age enrolled in a sports initiation school in the city of Presidente Prudente, State of São Paulo, Brazil. A reported condition inquiry in interview form was used to obtain personal data and information on training and sports injuries in the last 12 months. Injury was considered any physical complaint resulting from training and/or competition that limited the participation of the individual for at least one day, regardless of the need for medical care. RESULTS: The injury rate per 1000 hours of exposure was 1.20 among the children and 1.30 among the adolescents. Age, anthropometric data, and training characteristics only differed with regard to the presence or absence of injuries among the adolescents. The most commonly reported characteristics involving injuries in both the children and adolescents were the lower limbs, training, non-contact mechanism, mild injury, asymptomatic return to activities, and absence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The injury rate per 1000 hours of exposure was similar among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, some peculiarities among adolescents were observed with greater values for weight, height, duration of training, and weekly hours of practice.
Alterations in intraoral manipulation and splitting of food by subjects with tooth- or implant-supported fixed prostheses.

OBJECTIVES Sensory information provided by the periodontal mechanoreceptors (PMRs) is used by the nervous system to optimize the positioning of food, force levels, and force vectors involved in biting. The aim of this study was to describe motor performance during a novel manipulation-and-split task and to assess the extent to which control of this performance involves information from the PMRs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 10 subjects with natural teeth, 10 with bimaxillary tooth-supported fixed prostheses (TSP) and 10 with bimaxillary implant-supported fixed prostheses (ISP) (61-83 [mean 69] years of age) were asked to perform an intraoral manipulation-and-split task that involved positioning a spherical chocolate dragée between the front teeth and then splitting it into two parts of equal size. The vertical jaw movement, sound of food cracking and masseter muscle activity were monitored during this task and the accuracy of the split was evaluated. RESULTS The group with natural teeth was significantly better than the other groups at splitting the candy with high precision. The jaw movements were similar between groups, but the contact phase prior to the split was significantly longer for those with natural dentition. CONCLUSIONS The present findings support the conclusion that the nervous system collects rich information about contact between the teeth and food from the PMRs prior to powerful jaw action. Impairment (TSP) or absence (ISP) of this information alters motor behavior and impairs performance during the natural biting task employed here.
Functions of Marijuana Use in College Students

Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis that specific functional factors of marijuana use would predict past 30-day marijuana use in 425 college students more precisely than demographic variables alone. This hypothesis was confirmed. Functional factors of personal/physical enhancement as well as activity enhancement were significant predictors of 30-day marijuana use. Furthermore, this model explained over half of the variance of students' monthly marijuana use. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Glucose Controls Morphodynamics of LPS-Stimulated Macrophages

Macrophages constantly undergo morphological changes when quiescently surveying the tissue milieu for signs of microbial infection or damage, or after activation when they are phagocytosing cellular debris or foreign material. These morphofunctional alterations require active actin cytoskeleton remodeling and metabolic adaptation. Here we analyzed RAW 264.7 and Maf-DKO macrophages as models to study whether there is a specific association between aspects of carbohydrate metabolism and actin-based processes in LPS-stimulated macrophages. We demonstrate that the capacity to undergo LPS-induced cell shape changes and to phagocytose complement-opsonized zymosan (COZ) particles does not depend on oxidative phosphorylation activity but is fueled by glycolysis. Different macrophage activities like spreading, formation of cell protrusions, as well as phagocytosis of COZ, were thereby strongly reliant on the presence of low levels of extracellular glucose. Since global ATP production was not affected by rewiring of glucose catabolism and inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxy-D-glucose and glucose deprivation had differential effects, our observations suggest a non-metabolic role for glucose in actin cytoskeletal remodeling in macrophages, e.g. via posttranslational modification of receptors or signaling molecules, or other effects on the machinery that drives actin cytoskeletal changes. Our findings impute a decisive role for the nutrient state of the tissue microenvironment in macrophage morphodynamics.
Stool Bacteriomic Profiling in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

Purpose: Diarrhea occurs in approximately half of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving vascular endothelial growth factor–tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGF-TKI). We evaluated the relationship between VEGF-TKI–related diarrhea and stool microbiota. Experimental Design: Stool samples were collected from 20 mRCC patients receiving VEGF-TKIs. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the stool bacteriomic profiling of patients. Assay validation with Salmonella typhimurium spike-in experiments suggested greatest speciation with use of the V5 region. Results: Higher levels of Bacteroides spp. and lower levels of Prevotella spp. were found in patients with diarrhea. In addition, patients receiving VEGF-TKIs with mRCC appeared to have less relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. as compared with previous reports based on healthy subjects. Conclusions: We have thus demonstrated interplay between microbiota and VEGF-TKI–induced diarrhea. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the potential causative role of preexisting dysbiosis in VEGF-TKI–related diarrhea. Clin Cancer Res; 21(23); 5286–93. ©2015 AACR.
Pragmatic Features in Original Narratives Written by African American Students at Three Grade Levels

African American English has a rich oral tradition, with identifiable features across all 5 systems of language—phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. This is an investigation of the extent to which pragmatic features of African American oral storytelling traditions are apparent in the written stories of African American students (n = 30) at fourth-, sixth-, and ninth-grade levels in an urban school district in the Midwest compared with stories written by 61 European American students in the same urban (n = 20) and a nearby rural school district (n = 41). Results showed that African American students use significantly more pragmatic features characteristic of the African American oral tradition than European American students. In particular, differences were found for the use of cultural references and parallelism. Grade level was significant for simple frequency counts of oral tradition features, but when the pragmatic codes were normalized for story length, the grade-level effect disappeared. These results add to prior research on cultural-linguistic influences on story writing that go beyond counts of morphosyntactic variation.
How do I Know What You Like ? The Ways of Collaborative Filtering

Recommendation systems are more and more needed because of the huge amount of information available on the internet. The method of making automatic predictions about the interests of a user by collecting taste information from many users is called collaborative filtering. The underlying assumption of collaborative filtering is that: If there are people with similar preferences they would rate analogous things similar. There are many different methodologies to predict an unknown user rating based on other user ratings. In this article I give an overview about the various approaches. Memory-based collaborative filtering algorithms predict the rating of an item based on the ratings of users who are similar to the selected user. It’s possible to describe the problem as finding a lowrank approximation to a partial observed rating matrix. And there are other researchers who were using neural networks or other additional data to overcome the above mentioned challenge.
Effects of bilingualism, noise, and reverberation on speech perception by listeners with normal hearing

This study compared monosyllabic word recognition in quiet, noise, and noise with reverberation for 15 monolingual American English speakers and 12 Spanish–English bilinguals who had learned English prior to 6 years of age and spoke English without a noticeable foreign accent. Significantly poorer word recognition scores were obtained for the bilingual listeners than for the monolingual listeners under conditions of noise and noise with reverberation, but not in quiet. Although bilinguals with little or no foreign accent in their second language are often assumed by their peers, or their clinicians in the case of hearing loss, to be identical in perceptual abilities to monolinguals, the present data suggest that they may have greater difficulty in recognizing words in noisy or reverberant listening environments.
Active Control of Active Magnetic Bearings for Maglev Flywheel Rotor System Based on Sliding Mode Control

Flywheel unit is one of the most important ways to storage and recovery energy in electric vehicles. In order to realize high energy density, flywheel unit always work at high speed. The active magnetic bearing (AMB) based flywheel unit is often used. Normal PID controller used in the AMB-rotor system of the AMB flywheel unit cannot effectively suppress rotor unbalance disturbance. A sliding mode control (SMC) system is designed and improved based on Sigmoid function in this paper. The effectiveness of the PID and SMC controller is analyzed by simulation. It is shown that the Sigmoid function based SMC has obvious advantages in suppressing unbalance disturbance of AMB-rotor system.
Three-dimensional grid map building based on binocular vision

A new method of three-dimensional grid map building is brought out in this article. SIFT matching algorithm is used to pick up feature points. To improve the matching results, errors matching deleting and dense matching method are used, which is helpful for three-dimensional grid map building. Then probability model of voxel is built and parameter optimization of the matching points is adopted to modify the value of probability function. This three-dimensional grid map can give service robots detailed 3D space information in indoor unstructured environment. The experiment result proved the validity and feasibility of the algorithm.
Data warehouse middleware towards an unified resource management

The global quest for information is driving the communication infrastructure development, demanding for non-stop systems availability with higher capabilities. Hence, the management improvement is a trivial requirement! The ability to integrate in a unique platform all types of manageable resources, e.g. an application, an implementation of a service, a device, and so on, is in the aim of new management approaches. This work presents the concepts for a data warehouse (DW) middleware layer, which will enable the interface between management applications and the manageable resources, regardless of the supported management protocols. The goals we intent to attain are: achieve the integration of existing management domains, and the usage of DW facilities in the establishment of proactive management.
Interpretation of Support Vector Machines by means of Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems

Support Vector Machines (SVM) have demonstrated their ability in solving classiflcation problems in an optimal way with a solid mathematical background. In this paper we improve the interpretability of SVM’s by showing that every SVM is exactly represented by a Fuzzy Rule BasedSystem, for every kernel function used. Nevertheless, this system is in some way compact in their rules and for that reason, we introduce another FRBS, called ‐-FRBS, that approximates it and which is suitable to decompose its rules in simple fuzzy propositions. We show it with an example in the last section.
COLLEGE STUDENTS AND BINGE DRINKING: AN EVALUATION OF SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

ABSTRACT Although binge drinking is a prevalent and often problematic behavior among college students, there has been relatively little sociological research on this phenomenon. This study evaluates the applicability of social learning theory (Akers 1985 2000) to the binge drinking of a sample of approximately 1,500 students enrolled at four institutions of higher education. The social learning model explains approximately 45% of the variance in the binge drinking of these students. The results indicate that differential peer associations are by far the best predictor of this behavior. Other significant predictors include the definitions that students hold about binge drinking as well as their perceptions of the direct effects of alcohol consumption. These social learning variables also mediate the effects of demographic variables (i.e., gender, race, fraternity/sorority membership) on binge drinking. The results are discussed with respect to programs designed to prevent binge drinking. Possible directions for future research in this area are also suggested.
A CRUCIBLE OF COMPETITION AND COOPERATION: WHERE DO THE CONCEPTS FIT IN RECREATION ACTIVITY DELIVERY?

The prevailing use of competitive activities in leisure, sport and recreation continues to inspire debate as people question the value, influence and outcomes of competitive behaviour for participants. In some forums it has been suggested that competition builds character, brings out the best performance in an individual and develops a positive sense of sportsmanship (Butler, 2000; Coakley, 1990). By comparison, others critique the anti-social role of competition, claiming it can simultaneously lead to dissonance, hostility and a divisive desire to win at all costs (Sobel, 1983; Thomson, 2000). Within the general leisure and physical activity field, cooperative games are sometimes presented as the antithesis to this dilemma as it is proposed that cooperation leads to the development of respect, challenge and cohesion (Orlick, 1978; Sutcliff & Patterson, 2001). This study reports on the perceived value and use of competition and cooperation from the perspectives of 20 recreation activity leaders drawn from the fields of sport, outdoor recreation, fitness and community recreation. The findings suggest that both competition and cooperation are valid techniques for achieving positive outcomes if they are used with applied intent, but that many leaders have an under-developed understanding of the use of cooperation as an instructional tool. For many, cooperation is identified purely in a behavioural manner, composed of an observed outcome of client's working together. For others, a more complex approach is evident as cooperation is viewed as a combination of actions and attitudes reflecting empathy, open communication and equity.
PTSD, resilience and posttraumatic growth among ex-prisoners of war and combat veterans.

BACKGROUND Past studies have shown that adversity may yield various salutogenic outcomes. two constructs that have been at the center of this scientific investigation are resilience and posttraumatic growth (PTG). the present study aims to clarify the relations between posttraumatic stress symptoms, resilience and PTG among israeli war veterans. METHOD the sample includes former prisoners of war (ex-POWs) (n=103) and comparable veterans (n=106) of the 1973 Yom Kippur War. the veterans were assessed twice: 18 and 30 years after the war with self-report questionnaires. RESULTS resilience, defined as the absence of posttraumatic symptoms, and PTG are negatively correlated. resilient ex- POWs and veterans reported the lowest levels of PTG when compared to participants diagnosed with clinical and sub-clinical posttraumatic stress disorder (PtSd). Furthermore, PTG dimensions were found to be the most differentiating factor between study groups, followed by war exposure measures and clinical reports of depression and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS this study strengthens the understanding that combatants who report high-level PtSd symptoms also report higher levels of positive psychological changes in the face of severe adversity.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption by Adult Caregivers and Their Children

Objective. To examine how parents’ beliefs about beverage attributes and exposure to sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) advertising are associated with parents’ and their children’s SSB consumption. Design. Cross-sectional representative telephone survey of Philadelphia parents in households with children between the ages of 3 and 16 years. Participants. Three hundred and seventy-one randomly selected survey respondents. The response rate was 27% using the American Association for Public Opinion Research RR3 formula. Main Outcome Measures. SSB consumption, health ratings of SSBs, exposure to SSB ads, and exposure to anti-SSB public service advertisements. Analysis. Seemingly unrelated regression was used to correct for Type I error and significance levels were set at . 05 or less. Results. Assessment of SSB “healthiness” was associated with the increased adult consumption of SSBs for three of the five SSBs and associated with children’s consumption for all four SSBs with child consumption data. For both groups, ratings of SSB sugar and caloric content were not related to consumption. Adult exposure to SSB-specific advertising was related to consumption for three of five SSBs and two of four SSBs consumed by children. Conclusions and Implications. These results suggest that sugar and calories are not relevant to consumption, absent an explicit connection to a healthiness evaluation of SSBs.
On optimizing power allocation and power splitting for MISO SWIPT systems with heterogeneous users

In this paper, we study the power allocation and power splitting problem for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) in a multi-user MISO broadcast system, in which there are two types of single-antenna users: traditional users that only receive information and modern users that receive information and energy simultaneously from a multi-antenna base station via power splitting. We aim to maximize the minimum signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the users by jointly designing the power allocation at the transmitter and the power splitting strategy at the receivers under the maximum transmit power and the minimum energy harvesting constraints. In specific, we first apply the techniques of semidefinite relaxation (SDR) and zero-forcing (ZF) to solve the non-convex problems. Then we apply the zero forcing dirty paper coding (ZF-DPC) technique to eliminate the multi-user interference and derive the optimal solution in closed-form. Numerical results show that ZF-DPC provides higher achievable minimum SINR than SDR and ZF in most cases.
A General Maximum Likelihood Analysis of Variance Components in Generalized Linear Models

Summary. This paper describes an EM algorithm for nonparametric maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in generalized linear models with variance component structure. The algorithm provides an alternative analysis to approximate MQL and PQL analyses (McGilchrist and Aisbett, 1991, Biometrical Journal33, 131–141; Breslow and Clayton, 1993; Journal of the American Statistical Association88, 9–25; McGilchrist, 1994, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B56, 61–69; Goldstein, 1995, Multilevel Statistical Models) and to GEE analyses (Liang and Zeger, 1986, Biometrika73, 13–22). The algorithm, first given by Hinde and Wood (1987, in Longitudinal Data Analysis, 110–126), is a generalization of that for random effect models for overdispersion in generalized linear models, described in Aitkin (1996, Statistics and Computing6, 251–262). The algorithm is initially derived as a form of Gaussian quadrature assuming a normal mixing distribution, but with only slight variation it can be used for a completely unknown mixing distribution, giving a straightforward method for the fully nonparametric ML estimation of this distribution. This is of value because the ML estimates of the GLM parameters can be sensitive to the specification of a parametric form for the mixing distribution. The nonparametric analysis can be extended straightforwardly to general random parameter models, with full NPML estimation of the joint distribution of the random parameters. This can produce substantial computational saving compared with full numerical integration over a specified parametric distribution for the random parameters. A simple method is described for obtaining correct standard errors for parameter estimates when using the EM algorithm. Several examples are discussed involving simple variance component and longitudinal models, and small‐area estimation.
High-Throughput Droplet Digital PCR System for Absolute Quantitation of DNA Copy Number

Digital PCR enables the absolute quantitation of nucleic acids in a sample. The lack of scalable and practical technologies for digital PCR implementation has hampered the widespread adoption of this inherently powerful technique. Here we describe a high-throughput droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) system that enables processing of ∼2 million PCR reactions using conventional TaqMan assays with a 96-well plate workflow. Three applications demonstrate that the massive partitioning afforded by our ddPCR system provides orders of magnitude more precision and sensitivity than real-time PCR. First, we show the accurate measurement of germline copy number variation. Second, for rare alleles, we show sensitive detection of mutant DNA in a 100 000-fold excess of wildtype background. Third, we demonstrate absolute quantitation of circulating fetal and maternal DNA from cell-free plasma. We anticipate this ddPCR system will allow researchers to explore complex genetic landscapes, discover and validate new disease associations, and define a new era of molecular diagnostics.