Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ZIC2 Is Essential for Maintenance of Latency and Is a Target of an Immediate Early Protein during Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Lytic Reactivation

ABSTRACT Bivalent histone modifications are defined as repressive and activating epigenetic marks that simultaneously decorate the same genomic region. The H3K27me3 mark silences gene expression, while the H3K4me3 mark prevents the region from becoming permanently silenced and prepares the domain for activation when needed. Specific regions of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latent episomes are poised to be activated by the KSHV replication and transcription activator (K-Rta). How KSHV episomes are prepared such that they maintain latent infection and switch to lytic replication by K-Rta remains unclear. K-Rta transactivation activity requires a protein degradation function; thus, we hypothesized that identification of cellular substrates of K-Rta may provide insight into the maintenance of KSHV latent infection and the switch to lytic replication. Here we show that a zinc finger protein, ZIC2, a key regulator for central nervous system development, is a substrate of K-Rta and is responsible for maintaining latency. K-Rta directly interacted with ZIC2 and functioned as an E3 ligase to ubiquitinate ZIC2. ZIC2 localized at immediate early and early gene cluster regions of the KSHV genome and contributed to tethering of polycomb repressive complex 2 through physical interaction, thus maintaining H3K27me3 marks at the K-Rta promoter. Accordingly, depletion of ZIC2 shifted the balance of bivalent histone modifications toward more active forms and induced KSHV reactivation in naturally infected cells. We suggest that ZIC2 turnover by K-Rta is a strategy employed by KSHV to favor the transition from latency to lytic replication. IMPORTANCE Posttranslational histone modifications regulate the accessibility of transcriptional factors to DNA; thus, they have profound effects on gene expression (e.g., viral reactivation). KSHV episomes are known to possess bivalent chromatin domains. How such KSHV chromatin domains are maintained to be reactivatable by K-Rta remains unclear. We found that ZIC2, a transcriptional factor essential for stem cell pluripotency, plays a role in maintaining KSHV latent infection in naturally infected cells. We found that ZIC2 degradation by K-Rta shifts bivalent histone marks to a more active configuration, leading to KSHV reactivation. ZIC2 interacts with and maintains polycomb repressor complex 2 at the K-Rta promoter. Our findings uncover (i) a mechanism utilized by KSHV to maintain latent infection, (ii) a latency-lytic cycle switch operated by K-Rta, and (iii) a molecular mechanism of ZIC2-mediated local histone modification.
Australian local government corruption and misconduct

Purpose – This paper aims to focus on corruption and misconduct evidenced from local government investigation reports in Australia, New Zealand and the UK. Design/methodology/approach – A corruption and misconduct taxonomy was developed and the audit committee’s role was empirically tested. Findings – The empirical findings exhibited low support for audit committees overseeing corruption and misconduct allegations. The respondents generally considered that the chief executive was the appropriate person to manage investigations. Practical implications – The findings from the local government investigations and the empirical research emphasises the significance of culture and ethical practices to mitigate against corruption and misconduct. A culture of zero tolerance of corruption and misconduct was one of the best ways of a council demonstrating its integrity. Originality/value – This paper offers a local government perspective on the behavioural factors which provide the organisational conditions for corr.
Technological Opportunity Analysis for the Telehealth Industry

Early identification of emerging technological opportunities is crucial for companies to formulate technology strategies that can provide a core competitive advantage over competitors in the future. It is required to have an effective approach to support industrial practitioners to identify and analyze technological opportunities, especially for a new emerging technology-enabled market. This research develops an outlier-based patent analysis approach to explore potential technological opportunities for the telehealth industry. The proposed methodology applies text mining based on the vector space model (VSM) to represent patent documents as a term-document matrix. Latent semantic analysis (LSA), a technique in natural language processing, is used to transform the original term-document matrix into a lower dimensional space to alleviate the problem of curse of dimensionality. Then, the angle-based outlier detection (ABOD) method is applied to determine outlier patents that provide fresh ideas for new technological opportunities. Several potential opportunities are identified from the experimental results, such as new material, unified data transmission hub, new indicators for more accurate data collection, and facilitating coordination among care team members. The research finding may help Taiwans telehealth firms identify potential opportunities and improve their product strategies.
A Purely End-to-End System for Multi-speaker Speech Recognition

Recently, there has been growing interest in multi-speaker speech recognition, where the utterances of multiple speakers are recognized from their mixture. Promising techniques have been proposed for this task, but earlier works have required additional training data such as isolated source signals or senone alignments for effective learning. In this paper, we propose a new sequence-to-sequence framework to directly decode multiple label sequences from a single speech sequence by unifying source separation and speech recognition functions in an end-to-end manner. We further propose a new objective function to improve the contrast between the hidden vectors to avoid generating similar hypotheses. Experimental results show that the model is directly able to learn a mapping from a speech mixture to multiple label sequences, achieving 83.1% relative improvement compared to a model trained without the proposed objective. Interestingly, the results are comparable to those produced by previous end-to-end works featuring explicit separation and recognition modules.
Closing the Aboriginal Education Gap in Canada: Assessing Progress and Estimating the Economic Benefits

This report has two major goals. The first goal is to assess progress on the gaps in educational attainment and labour market outcomes between 2001 and 2011 and the consequences of any progress (or lack thereof) for the Canadian economy. The second goal is to produce updated estimates of the benefits of eliminating the educational attainment gap. Utilizing projections of the Aboriginal population in 2031 and data from the 2011 National Household survey, we estimate the effects of closing the educational attainment gap on Aboriginal labour market outcomes and national economic performance. We provide breakdowns of the benefits by province, sex, age, Aboriginal identity, registered Indian status, and residence on- and off-reserve. We project that the direct cumulative economic benefits to Canada of closing the educational attainment gap between 2011 and 2031 could be as large as $261 billion.
CRF-based disfluency detection using semantic features for German to English spoken language translation

Disfluencies in speech pose severe difficulties in machine translation of spontaneous speech. This paper presents our conditional random field (CRF)-based speech disfluency detection system developed on German to improve spoken language translation performance. In order to detect speech disfluencies considering syntactics and semantics of speech utterances, we carried out a CRF-based approach using information learned from the word representation and the phrase table used for machine translation. The word representation is gained using recurrent neural networks and projected words are clustered using the k-means algorithm. Using the output from the model trained with the word representations and phrase table information, we achieve an improvement of 1.96 BLEU points on the lecture test set. By keeping or removing humanannotated disfluencies, we show an upper bound and lower bound of translation quality. In an oracle experiment we gain 3.16 BLEU points of improvement on the lecture test set, compared to the same set with all disfluencies.
Erasure Correction for Noisy Radio Networks

The radio network model is a well-studied abstraction for modeling wireless multi-hop networks. However, radio networks make the strong assumption that messages are delivered deterministically. The recently introduced noisy radio network model relaxes this assumption by dropping messages independently at random. In this work we quantify the relative computational power of noisy radio networks and classic radio networks. In particular, given a protocol for a fixed radio network we show how to reliably simulate this protocol if noise is introduced with a multiplicative cost of $\mathrm{poly}(\log \Delta, \log \log n)$ rounds. For this result we make the simplifying assumption that the simulated protocol is $\textit{static}$. Moreover, we demonstrate that, even if the simulated protocol is not static, it can be simulated with a multiplicative $O(\Delta \log \Delta)$ cost in the number of rounds. Hence, our results show that protocols on constant-degree networks can be made robust to random noise with constant multiplicative overhead. Lastly, we argue that simulations with a multiplicative overhead of $o(\log \Delta)$ are unlikely to exist by proving that an $\Omega(\log \Delta)$ multiplicative round overhead is necessary under certain natural assumptions.
Draft 2 Real-time in vivo detection of biomaterial-induced reactive oxygen species 1

Reducing the non-specific immune response to implanted biomaterials is a fundamental challenge for medical device design. To evaluate biocompatibility, measuring the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by inflammatory cells in response to biomaterial surfaces is a well-established method. However, the detection of ROS in response to materials implanted in vivo has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we use whole animal imaging of luminol-induced bioluminescence to observe ROS released in response to subcutaneously implanted materials in live animals. We compared the real-time generation of ROS in response to two different materials, polystyrene and alginate, over the course of 28 days. High levels of ROS were observed near polystyrene, but not alginate implants, and persisted throughout the course of 28 days. Histological analysis revealed that high levels of ROS correlated not only with the presence of inflammatory cells at early timepoints, but also fibrosis at later timepoints, suggesting that ROS may be involved in both the acute and chronic phase of the foreign body response. These data are the first in vivo demonstration of ROS generation in response to implanted materials, and describe a novel technique to evaluate biocompatibility.
Route optimization for an electric vehicle with priority destinations

Routing of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) differs from that of the classical problem of vehicle routing in many aspects. In this paper, we address the problem of finding a route of an electric vehicle which is cost-optimized as well as considers priority destinations. Here, a PEV needs to visit all the customer locations of which some of them, defined as priority, have to be visited within a specified time duration of the day. During the trip, each location has the facility to recharge the battery and can be utilized by the PEV, if necessary. Thus, the objective of this problem is to minimize the total cost incurred due to recharging of battery. In this paper, we propose a heuristic search algorithm based on breadth first search to solve the above mentioned problem and demonstrate its performance on various testcases.
Blind Sub-Nyquist Spectrum Sensing With Modulated Wideband Converter

Rooted in the compressed sensing theory, sub-Nyquist spectrum sensing (SNSS) has been considered as a promising approach to dealing with difficulties and limitations of conventional wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio (CR) networks. Most existing SNSS methods require some prior knowledge of the monitored frequency bands, such as the spectrum occupancy/sparsity level and/or the noise power, to determine a termination condition used by an underlying iterative signal recovery process. However, such prior knowledge may be difficult to acquire in practical CR scenarios. To address this problem, we propose a blind SNSS algorithm, referred to as the residual energy ratio based detector (RERD), which bypasses the need for the above-mentioned prior knowledge and performs spectrum sensing in a more autonomous way. The RERD algorithm, which is based on the modulated wideband converter (MWC) sub-Nyquist sampling framework, employs energy ratios of adjacent channels of the MWC as test statistics. We derive closed-form expressions of the decision threshold and the false alarm probability following the Neyman–Pearson criterion. Simulation results show that, without requiring the aforementioned prior knowledge, the RERD algorithm can accurately determine the support of a multiband signal contaminated by background noise in a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, the RERD algorithm is shown to be robust to a range of sparsity orders and different number of sampling channels.
Design of a g-force meter on Si wafer, based on motor driven by photons

We report the design of a micro-motor driven by light that could be used as a g-force meter or navigation instrument in space applications. The new design, based on a scale of micro-machines fabrication, takes into consideration the concept of radiation pressure as a method of actuation. The materials selected reduce friction and increase reflectivity of the structure, allowing a better conversion of the radiant energy into movement.
Theoretical Dissociation Energies for Ionic Molecules iff

Ab initio calculations at the self-consistent-field and singles plus doubles configuration-interaction level are used to determine accurate spectroscopic parameters (De, re, ue) for most of the alkali and alkaline-earth fluorides, chlorides, oxides, sulfides, hydroxides and isocyanides. Numerical Hartree-Fock (NHF) calculations are performed on selected systems to ensure that the extended Slater basis sets employed for the diatomic systems are near the Hartree-Fock limit. Extended gaussian basis sets of at least triple-zeta plus double polarization quality are employed for the triatomic systems. By dissociating to the ionic limits, most of the differential correlation effects can be embedded in the accurate experimental electron affinities and ionization potentials. With this model, correlation effects are relatively small (0.0-0.3 eV), but invariably increase D0. The importance of correlating the electrons on both the anion and the metal is discussed. The theoretical dissociation energies (D0) are critically compared with the literature to rule out disparate experimental values. The theoretical studies combined with the experimental literature allow us to recommend D0 values that are accurate to 0.1 eV for all systems considered. The systematic treatment of many different systems reveal many trends. For example, the dissociation energies of the alkali and alkaline-earth hydroxides are observed to be less than the corresponding fluorides by just slightly less than the difference in electron affinities of F and OH. In general, there is a strong correlation between the dissociation energy (to ions) and re, because the bonding is predominantly electrostatic in origin. Theoretical II—£ energy separations are presented for the alkali oxides and sulfides. The ground states of all the alkali sulfides are shown to be XII. An extensive study of the II—S" energy separation in KO reveals a E ground state at all levels of theory. The separation is shown to be sensitive to basis set quality, and in the NHF limit the E state is lower by about 250 cm". The separation is almost unaffected when the 16 valence electrons are correlated at the singles plus doubles level using an extended Slater basis. PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMED
Efficient Transmission in Multiantenna Two-Way AF Relaying Networks

In this paper, an efficient transmission scheme, termed the joint antenna selection and data exchange (AS-DE) scheme, is proposed for a two-way amplify-and-forward relaying network, where two single-antenna source terminals exchange information via a multiantenna relay station. For the proposed scheme, the best antenna at the relay for each source terminal is first selected separately, following the max–max scheme. Then, from the set of the previously selected antennas, either one antenna is selected, in a similar fashion as well-known max–min and max–sum schemes, or two antennas exchange their respective received signals, which are then coded, amplified, and broadcasted to the source and destination terminals. Tight lower and upper bounds on the outage probability (OP) for the proposed scheme have been derived assuming independent and identically distributed Rayleigh fading channels. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that the proposed joint AS-DE scheme can achieve full diversity. Finally, it is shown that under the same resource constraints, i.e., in terms of the number of the utilized time slots and transmit power, the proposed joint AS-DE scheme outperforms the max–min, the max–sum, and the max–max schemes. Extensive numerical results accompanied with computer simulations, are further provided to validate the developed analytical results.
Understanding the viral load during the synthesis and after rebinding of virus imprinted particles via real-time quantitative PCR.

In the present study, virus imprinted particles have been synthesized for recognizing and specifically binding viruses. These materials may be used for biomimetic sensing schemes and for selective removal of virus particles. Virus imprinting procedures require careful optimization of the synthesis route for obtaining selective and efficiently binding imprinted materials. A remaining limitation has been a facile method for the quantification of the viral load during the imprinting process. Herein, human adenovirus (AdV) was selected as a model virus facilitating the development and application of a rapid virus quantification method based on a molecular biological approach. A real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, a.k. a. , the qPCR method was developed for monitoring the AdV viral load during the synthesis of AdV imprinted particles, and subsequent rebinding studies. The developed analytical strategy allows the direct, rapid, and sensitive quantification of human adenovirus type 5 concentrations during synthesis and application of AdV imprinted polymers (AdV-MIPs) with a broad dynamic range suitable for both application scenarios. In addition, it was demonstrated by gel electrophoresis analysis that viruses indeed bind to the beads even after several washing steps.
The BIRC 5 hTERT and BIRC 5 gene promoters for cancer gene therapy : A comparative study

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin (BIRC5) gene promoters are frequently used for transcriptional targeting of tumor cells, yet there is no comprehensive comparative analysis allowing rational choice of a promoter for a particular therapy. In the current study, the transcriptional activity of hTERT, human BIRC5 and mouse Birc5 promoters and their modifications were compared in 10 human cancer cell lines using the luciferase reporter gene activity assay. The results revealed that BIRC5and hTERT-based promoters had strikingly different cell specificities with comparable activities in only 40% of cell lines. Importantly, relative hTERT and BIRC5 transcript abundance cannot be used to predict the most potent promoter. Among the hTERT-based promoters that were assessed, modification with the minimal cytomegalovirus promoter generally resulted in the most potent activity. Mouse Birc5 and modified human BIRC5 promoters were superior to the unmodified human survivin promoter; however, their tumor specificities must be investigated further. In summary, the present results emphasize the desirability for construction of more universal tumor‐specific promoters to efficiently target a wide spectrum of tumor cells.
Validación de un modelo cognitivo basado en M ++ para la generación de preguntas Factoid-Wh

espanolUna pregunta Factoid-WH es una pregunta que comienza con una palabra interrogada WH (What, When, Where, Who) y requiere un hecho como expresado en el cuerpo del texto. Un modelo cognitivo es una especificacion teoricamente fundamentada y guiada de las representaciones mentales y los procesos involucrados en una funcion cognitiva dada. Este articulo tiene como objetivo la representacion en M++ del Modelo Cognitivo para la generacion de preguntas Factoid-WH. La metodologia de este trabajo se presenta en cinco pasos: Seleccion de la Tarea Cognitiva, Obtencion de Informacion para Describir la Tarea Cognitiva, Descripcion de la Tarea Cognitiva en Lenguaje Natural, Descripcion de la Tarea Cognitiva en GOMS, Codificacion del Modelo Cognitivo de GOMS a Lenguaje M++ y finalmente, se implemento una prueba de validacion la cual muestra resultados satisfactorios. EnglishFactoid-WH question is a question, which starts with a WH-interrogated word (What, When, Where, Who) and requires as an answer a fact expressed in the text body. A cognitive model is a theoretically grounded and empirically guided specification of the mental representations and processes involved in a given cognitive function. This paper aims the representation in M++ of the cognitive model for the generation of Factoid-WH Questions. The methodology of this paper is presented in five steps; Selection of Cognitive Task, Obtaining Information for describing the Cognitive Task, Description of Cognitive Task in Natural Language, Description of Cognitive Task in GOMS, Codification of Cognitive Model from GOMS to M++ Language. Finally, a validation test was implemented with satisfactory results.
Distributed Joint Source Coding and Trellis Coded Modulation for Symbol-Based Markov Sources

A distributed joint source-channel coding scheme based on a unity-rate code (URC) assisted trellis coded modulation (TCM) is proposed, which exploits the spatiotemporal correlation of symbol-based sources. More specifically, asymmetric distributed source coding of two spatially correlated Markov sources is considered, where one of the sources is assumed to be perfectly decoded and to be available at the receiver of the other source as side information. In order to exploit the temporal correlation statistics, an iterative decoding process exchanging extrinsic information between the amalgamated URC-assisted TCM and a soft-symbol source decoder employing a modified symbol-based maximum a posteriori algorithm is invoked. Furthermore, the Slepian–Wolf (SW) bound of symbol-based sources having spatiotemporal correlation is derived and the benefits of exploiting the spatiotemporal correlation using the proposed coding scheme are demonstrated by our extrinsic information transfer chart analysis. It is shown from our simulation results that upon exploiting the spatiotemporal correlation of the sources, the proposed coding scheme is capable of operating within 0.02 b of the SW bound.