Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Approaches to Ordinal Exposures with a Mixture of Berkson and Classical Measurement Error

Background: Exposures are occasionally only available in an aggregated form, such as an average physical exposure for each job title. When quantifying the relationship between an individual level outcome and a group level exposure, the variance estimates are contaminated with Berkson measurement error. If the aggregated exposures come from a separate sample, such as a job exposure matrix, the aggregated exposures will contain additional classical measurement error. While measurement error models exist for continuous and binary exposures, methods are less developed for aggregated ordinal exposures. Purpose: To develop Bayesian measurement error models for aggregated ordinal exposures and compare their performance to logistic regression models which ignore the measurement error. Methods: Several sets of 500 simulated data sets were created with exposures, outcomes, and covariates. These used a sample size of 1,000 and varied the number of groups and the odds ratios used for outcome simulation. Fully and partially Bayesian approaches were developed. The performance of these models based on measures of accuracy, bias, coverage, convergence, and power were compared to a naïve approach, which ignores measurement error, and a model using the simulated individual level exposure values. Results: When there was no relationship between the aggregated exposure and outcome, all models performed reasonably well in bivariate and multiple regression analyses. When there was a modest to strong relationship between exposure and outcome, the Bayesian models dominated the naïve approach across all performance metrics. Discussion: Bayesian approaches yield better model estimates with aggregated ordinal exposure data than a naïve approach.
GINS: Dynamic Emissive Location-Based for Underwater Sensor Networks

Due to collect and monitor exploration of natural location resources which was difficult to acquire the location without Global Position System (GPS) in the underwater. However, there are something research was used Inertial Navigation System (INS) to location, but the INS accuracy degrades over time that the issue will be occurred, like as have uncompensated rate gyro, accelerometer errors, suffer from the drifts and biases and nonlinear disturbances. This paper put forward a plan for improving the accuracy of position in INS. We devise an accuracy of position based on the Global Position System Inertial Navigation System (GINS), which the GINS derived filter is more accurate than Extended Kalman filter (EKF) for underwater sensor network. The GINS will get their position from GPS while floating above the water, and next step, they dive into water. In addition, we revised the location data from reference to oceanography profiles of fluid forces, which forces involved in underwater motion is included the buoyant force, the current force, and the fluid resistance force to correct the EKF error. And then the underwater of Cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z) were an object with a predict-correct algorithm for solving the nonlinear dynamic systems at EKF. Finally, we present an adaptive GINS which can reduce costs of optimum position trade-offs in wide coverage of the location-based network.
High-performance design patterns for modern Fortran

High-performance software, as all software, continuously evolves. Besides the normal changes in user requirements, e.g., the wish to solve a variation of a scientific problem, such software is also challenged by a flood of new technologies that promise higher performance and better energy utilization. Continuously adapting HPC codes for multicore processors and many-core accelerators while also adapting to new user requirements, however, drains human resources and prevents utilization of more cost-effective hardware. Here we present some ideas for dealing with software variability in the PDE domain, namely the use of coordinate-free numerics for achieving flexibility. We also show how Fortran, over the last few decades, has changed to become a language well suited for state-of-the-art software development. Fortran's new coarray distributed data structure, the language's class mechanism and side-effect-free, pure function capability provide the scaffolding on which we implement high performance software. These features empower compilers to organize parallel computations with efficient communication. We present some programming patterns that support asynchronous evaluation of expressions comprised of parallel operations on distributed data.
Increased thalamic centrality and putamen–thalamic connectivity in patients with parkinsonian resting tremor

Evidence has indicated a strong association between hyperactivity in the cerebello‐thalamo‐motor cortical loop and resting tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Within this loop, the thalamus serves as a central hub based on its structural centrality in the generation of resting tremor. To study whether this thalamic abnormality leads to an alteration at the whole‐brain level, our study investigated the role of the thalamus in patients with parkinsonian resting tremor in a large‐scale brain network context.
Intravital imaging of mouse urothelium reveals activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase by stretch‐induced intravesical release of ATP

To better understand the roles played by signaling molecules in the bladder, we established a protocol of intravital imaging of the bladder of mice expressing a Förster/fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor for extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), which plays critical roles not only in cell growth but also stress responses. With an upright two‐photon excitation microscope and a vacuum‐stabilized imaging window, cellular ERK activity was visualized in the whole bladder wall, from adventitia to urothelium. We found that bladder distention caused by elevated intravesical pressure (IVP) activated ERK in the urothelium, but not in the detrusor smooth muscle. When bladder distension was prevented, high IVP failed to activate ERK, suggesting that mechanical stretch, but not the high IVP, caused ERK activation. To delineate its molecular mechanism, the stretch‐induced ERK activation was reproduced in an hTERT‐immortalized human urothelial cell line (TRT‐HU1) in vitro. We found that uniaxial stretch raised the ATP concentration in the culture medium and that inhibition of ATP signaling by apyrase or suramin suppressed the stretch‐induced ERK activation in TRT‐HU1 cells. In agreement with this in vitro observation, pretreatment with apyrase or suramin suppressed the high IVP‐induced urothelial ERK activation in vivo. Thus, we propose that mechanical stretch induces intravesical secretion of ATP and thereby activates ERK in the urothelium. Our method of intravital imaging of the bladder of FRET biosensor‐expressing mice should open a pathway for the future association of physiological stimuli with the activities of intracellular signaling networks.
Affective Embodied Conversational Agents for Natural Interaction

Human computer intelligent interaction is an emerging field aimed at providing natural ways for humans to use computers as aids. It is argued that for a computer to be able to interact with humans it needs to have the communication skills of humans. One of these skills is the affective aspect of communication, which is recognized to be a crucial part of human intelligence and has been argued to be more fundamental in human behaviour and success in social life than intellect (Vesterinen, 2001; Pantic, 2005). Embodied conversational agents, ECAs (Casell et al., 2000), are graphical interfaces capable of using verbal and non-verbal modes of communication to interact with users in computerbased environments. These agents are sometimes just as an animated talking face, may be displaying simple facial expressions and, when using speech synthesis, with some kind of lip synchronization, and sometimes they have sophisticated 3D graphical representation, with complex body movements and facial expressions. An important strand of emotion-related research in human-computer interaction is the simulation of emotional expressions made by embodied computer agents (Creed & Beale, 2005). The basic requirement for a computer to express emotions is to have channels of communication such as voice, image and an ability to communicate affection over those channels. Therefore, interface designers often emulate multimodal human-human communication by including emotional expressions and statements in their interfaces through the use of textual content, speech (synthetic and recorded) and synthetic facial expressions, making the agents truly “social actors” (Reeves & Nass, 1996). Several studies have illustrated that our ability to recognise the emotional facial expressions of embodied computer agents is very similar to that of identifying human facial expressions (Bartneck, 2001). Related to agent’s voice, experiments have demonstrated that subjects can recognize the emotional expressions of an agent (Creed & Beale, 2006) whose voice varies widely in pitch, tempo and loudness and its facial expressions match the emotion it is expressing. But, what about the impact of these social actors? Recent research focuses on the psychological impact of affective agents endowed with the ability to behave empathically with the user (Brave et al., 2005; Isbister, 2006; Yee et al., 2007; Prendinger & Ishizuka, 2004; Picard, 2003). The findings demonstrate that bringing about empathic agents is important in
On line learning fuzzy rule-based system structure from data streams

A new approach to fuzzy rule-based systems structure identification in on-line (possibly real-time) mode is described in this paper. It expands the so called evolving Takagi-Sugeno (eTS) approach by introducing self-learning aspects not only to the number of fuzzy rules and system parameters but also to the number of antecedent part variables (inputs). The approach can be seen as online sensitivity analysis or online feature extraction (if in a classification application, e.g. in eClass which is the classification version of eTS). This adds to the flexibility and self-learning capabilities of the proposed system. In this paper the mechanism of formation of new fuzzy sets as well as of new fuzzy rules is analyzed from the point of view of on-line (recursive) data density estimation. Fuzzy system structure simplification is also analyzed in on-line context. Utility- and age-based mechanisms to address this problem are proposed. The rule-base structure evolves based on a gradual update driven by; i) information coming from the new data samples; ii) on-line monitoring and analysis of the existing rules in terms of their utility, age, and variables that form them. The theoretical theses are supported by experimental results from a range of real industrial data from chemical, petro-chemical and car industries. The proposed methodology is applicable to a wide range of fault detection, prediction, and control problems when the input or feature channels are too many.
Antenatal Steroid Therapy for Fetal Lung Maturation and the Subsequent Risk of Childhood Asthma: A Longitudinal Analysis

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that fetal exposure to corticosteroids in the antenatal period is an independent risk factor for the development of asthma in early childhood with little or no effect in later childhood. A population-based cohort study of all pregnant women who resided in Nova Scotia, Canada, and gave birth to a singleton fetus between 1989 and 1998 was undertaken. After a priori specified exclusions, 80,448 infants were available for analysis. Using linked health care utilization records, incident asthma cases developed after 36 months of age were identified. Extended Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios while controlling for confounders. Exposure to corticosteroids during pregnancy was associated with a risk of asthma in childhood between 3–5 years of age: adjusted hazard ratio of 1.19 (95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.39), with no association noted after 5 years of age: adjusted hazard ratio for 5–7 years was 1.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.86, 1.30) and for 8 or greater years was 0.74 (95% confidence interval: 0.54, 1.03). Antenatal steroid therapy appears to be an independent risk factor for the development of asthma between 3 and 5 years of age.
Bidirectionnal converter between syntactic annotations : from French Treebank Dependencies to PASSAGE annotations, and back

We present here part of a bidirectional converter between the French Tree-bank Dependency (FTB - DEP) annotations into the PASSAGE format. FTB - DEP is the representation used by several freely available parsers and the PASSAGE annotation was used to hand-annotate a relatively large sized corpus, used as gold-standard in the PASSAGE evaluation campaigns. Our converter will give the means to evaluate these parsers on the PASSAGE corpus. We shall illustrate the mapping of important syntactic phenomena using the corpus made of the examples of the FTB - DEP annotation guidelines, which we have hand-annotated with PASSAGE annotations and used to compute quantitative performance measures on the FTB - DEP guidelines.n this paper we will briefly introduce the two annotation formats. Then, we detail the two converters, and the rules which have been written. The last part will detail the results we obtained on the phenomenon we mostly study, the passive forms. We evaluate the converters by a double conversion, from PASSAGE to CoN LL and back to PASSAGE. We will detailed in this paper the linguistic phenomenon we detail here, the passive form.
Re-imagining social-emotional learning: Findings from a strategy-based approach

Many schools and out-of-school organizations use social-emotional learning (SEL) programs to boost students’ skills. Yet research shows that these programs can be difficult to implement and don’t always meet students’ needs. In response, Rebecca Bailey, Laura Stickle, Gretchen Brion-Meisels, and Stephanie Jones propose a new approach to SEL premised on three big ideas: SEL should be framed around a developmental model designed to target specific, age-appropriate skills; a flexible strategy-based approach may increase the feasibility of SEL implementation and school-wide consistency; and SEL is most effective when teachers are encouraged to implement and adapt strategies that meet their students’ needs and reflect their experiences. The authors describe how such a program was implemented in a preK-8 summer program.
The innovative AlN-ISFET based pH sensor

This innovative pH-ISFET sensor used nanocrystalline-AlN thin film as ion-sensitive membrane which prepared by reactive gas-timing r.f. magnetron sputtering without heating substrate and post annealing. The technique of gas-timing r.f. magnetron sputtering purposed by us, the feeding gas is on-off controlled periodically in such a way that the deposited AlOxNy film has a quite stable composition of aluminum, nitrogen and oxygen (Al:O:N=52:18:30%) all over the entire film. The AlN-ISFET devices were structured. The pH-sensitivity characteristics show increasing sensitivity depended on film thickness. The highest sensitivity is 54.50 mV/pH achieved from 80 nm of AlN thin film which is comparable to our previous report Si3N4-ISFET devices.
Social recommender system by embedding social regularization

The rapid growth in information on the World Wide Web has created different challenges to the users such as finding relevant and useful information and knowledge. To deal with such problem, recommender systems came into existence. Collaborative filtering techniques have gained much more popularity than other techniques in recommender system. As in real life, we ask our friends for different recommendations. But traditional systems ignore social relationships among users. In order to resolve this problem and improve recommender system's results, the idea of using social recommender system was discussed which contains the capability of identifying user's interests and preferences and their social network relationship. However, this approach is not sensitive to those users whose friends have dissimilar tastes. To tackle the problem of inaccuracy in result due to information deficiency, the social regularization term is used to impose constraints between one user and their friends individually.
Profitability and Market Value of Orphan Drug Companies: A Retrospective, Propensity-Matched Case-Control Study

Background Concerns about the high cost of orphan drugs has led to questions being asked about the generosity of the incentives for development, and associated company profits. Methods We conducted a retrospective, propensity score matched study of publicly-listed orphan companies. Cases were defined as holders of orphan drug market authorisation in Europe or the USA between 2000–12. Control companies were selected based on their propensity for being orphan drug market authorisation holders. We applied system General Method of Moments to test whether companies with orphan drug market authorization are valued higher, as measured by the Tobin’s Q and market to book value ratios, and are more profitable based on return on assets, than non-orphan drug companies. Results 86 companies with orphan drug approvals in European (4), USA (61) or both (21) markets were matched with 258 controls. Following adjustment, orphan drug market authorization holders have a 9.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.6% to 18.7%) higher return on assets than non-orphan drug companies; Tobin’s Q was higher by 9.9% (1.0% to 19.7%); market to book value by 15.7% (3.1% to 30.0%) and operating profit by 516% (CI 19.8% to 1011%). For each additional orphan drug sold, return on assets increased by 11.1% (0.6% to 21.3%), Tobin’s Q by 2.7% (0.2% to 5.2%), and market to book value ratio by 5.8% (0.7% to 10.9%). Conclusions Publicly listed pharmaceutical companies that are orphan drug market authorization holders are associated with higher market value and greater profits than companies not producing treatments for rare diseases.
The Relationship between Autonomy and Life Satisfaction of Migrant Students

Migrant students are required to be autonomy and have the ability to adjust to their new environment, so that with the high level of autonomy that students have they are expected to feel the high life satisfaction. This research aimed to examine the relationship between autonomy and life satisfaction of migrant students. This research is a correlational quantitative research with the subjects of 40 migrant students who came from outside Malang and aged between 18-22 years old. The data were obtained by autonomy and Life Satisfaction Inventory-A (LSI-A) scales. This research produced finding that there was a significant positive relationship between autonomy and life satisfaction with a significance value (p) that was 0.001 <0.05 and the value of R = 0.514. Autonomy contributed as much as 26.4% to life satisfaction on the research subjects (r2 = 0.264), which means that 73.6% of other factors contributed to life
SignetLab: deployable sensor network testbed and management tool

The drive to move sensor network research from theory to de-ployment has dramatically increased interest in sensor network test-bed design. Such testbeds have the goal of supporting rapid de-ployment of protocols on real hardware without requiring the useof specialized sensor networks each time. The key challenges tomeeting this goal include providing realistic environments for test-ing the protocols (i.e., indoor testbeds may not approximate out-door deployments accurately) and having a simple programmingand experimentation interface. If the testbeds do not provide re-alistic environments for the testing of protocols, they may fail tobridge the gap between simulation and deployment and if they arenot easy to use and maintain, they could end up stiﬂing resear chrather than augmenting it.The SignetLab demonstration shows two fundamental contribu-tions. First, we present our deployable testbed. A critical featureof the SignetLab testbed is the ability to rapidly deploy it in a num-ber of scenarios (e.g., inside a lab or outdoors). This allows pro-tocols to be tested in environments that are very similar to actualdeployment scenarios. To facilitate this deployability, we have im-plemented a novel in-network programming module to accuratelyand efﬁciently program nodes while they are deployed. A key d if-ference between our in-network programming module and previouswork [7, 9] is the built-in reliability mechanism that accurately pro-grams all nodes in the network, via multihop wireless links. Sec-ond, we present our testbed management and visualization tool.This tool provides the programming interface tothe network aswellas the data visualization module. Through the tool, nodes can bemanaged at a ﬁne-grained level, giving researchers the necessarycontrol to perform a large variety of experiments.
Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image

This work proposes a novel reversible data hiding scheme for encrypted image. After encrypting the entire data of an uncompressed image by a stream cipher, the additional data can be embedded into the image by modifying a small proportion of encrypted data. With an encrypted image containing additional data, one may firstly decrypt it using the encryption key, and the decrypted version is similar to the original image. According to the data-hiding key, with the aid of spatial correlation in natural image, the embedded data can be successfully extracted and the original image can be perfectly recovered.
Stable Size Distribution of Amyloid Plaques Over the Course of Alzheimer Disease

Abstract Amyloid &bgr; plaques are a key pathologic feature of Alzheimer disease (AD), but whether plaque sizes increase or stabilize over the course of AD is unknown. We measured the size distribution of total immunoreactive (10D5-positive) and dense-core (Thioflavin S–positive) plaques in the temporal neocortex of a large group of subjects with AD and age-matched plaque-bearing subjects without dementia to test the hypothesis that amyloid plaques continue to grow along with the progression of the disease. The size of amyloid &bgr; (10D5)–positive plaques did not differ between groups, whereas dense-core plaques from the group with AD were slightly larger than those from the group without dementia (∼25%–30%, p = 0.01). Within the group with AD, dense-core plaque size did not independently correlate with duration of clinical disease (from 4 to 21 years, p = 0.68), whereas 10D5-positive plaque size correlated negatively with disease duration (p = 0.01). By contrast, an earlier age of symptom onset strongly predicted a larger postmortem plaque size; this effect was independent of disease duration and the presence of the APOE[Latin Small Letter Open E]4 allele (p = 0.0001). We conclude that plaques vary in size among patients, with larger size distributions correlating with an earlier age of onset, but plaques do not substantially increase in size over the clinical course of the disease.