Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Use of Information on Upper Respiratory Tract Irritation and Acute Central Nervous System Depression to Set Occupational Exposure Limits for Hydrocarbon Solvents

Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions, often with complex compositions. Because of the potential for human exposure, primarily to the more volatile solvents, considerable effort has been directed towards the development of occupational exposure recommendations. Because of the complex and variable nature of these substances, the recommended approach is to calculate occupational exposure levels (OELs) using an adaptation of the mixture formula developed by the ACGIH® in which “group guidance values” are assigned to similar constituents. This approach is supported by the results of toxicological studies of hydrocarbon solvents and their constituents which have shown that, with a few, well characterized exceptions, exposures to these substances do not cause toxicologically important systemic effects. Accordingly, the effects that seem most appropriate for use in setting OELs are upper respiratory tract irritation and acute central nervous system (CNS) depression. In early studies, volunteers were exposed to these substances over a range of concentrations to identify exposure levels suitable for occupational settings. In more recent years, for ethical reasons, there has been a shift to the use of animal data to characterize these effects, particularly the potential for acute CNS effects, with volunteer studies now being used primarily to confirm that the recommended exposure levels are below effect levels. Using the data from animal studies, along with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK models), it is possible to predict no effect levels in humans, and to then compare the predictions to empirical evidence from human studies. These comparisons provide evidence that the recommended approach to setting OELs for complex hydrocarbon solvents yields recommendations that are below the no effect levels for acute effects while also providing protection from longer term effects associated with the more problematic constituents.
Fairing wireframes in industrial surface design

Wireframe is a modeling tool widely used in industrial geometric design. The term wireframe refers to two sets of curves, with the property that each curve from one set intersects with each curve from the other set. Akin to the mu-, v-isocurves in a tensor-product surface, the two sets of curves in a wireframe span an underlying surface. In many industrial design activities, wireframes are usually set up and adjusted by the designers before the whole surfaces are reconstructed. For adjustment, the fairness of wireframe has a direct influence on the quality of the underlying surface. Wireframe fairing is significantly different from fairing individual curves in that intersections should be preserved and kept in the same order. In this paper, we first present a technique for wireframe fairing by fixing the parameters during fairing. The limitation of fixed parameters is further released by an iterative gradient descent optimization method with step-size control. Experimental results show that our solution is efficient, and produces reasonably fairing results of the wireframes.
Usability of input device using eye tracker on button size, distance between targets and direction of movement

This paper describes the usability of an eye-gazing input system with respect to the configuration of a selected object. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the configuration of buttons on pointing time using an eye-gazing input system. The configuration included button size, moving distance and moving direction. The input properties of the eye-gazing input system are compared with those of a standard mouse, and the differences are discussed.
Hybrid Stabilization of Linear Systems With Reverse Polytopic Input Constraints

This paper addresses the problem of globally uniformly exponentially stabilizing a linear system to the origin by output feedback while avoiding a prescribed set of input values. We consider that the set of input values to avoid is given by the union of a finite number of closed polytopes that do not contain the origin and we refer to this restriction as a reverse polytopic input constraint. We show that the synthesis of the hybrid controller can be performed by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities for the full-state feedback case, and by solving a set of bilinear matrix inequalities for the output feedback case. The resulting closed-loop hybrid system is shown to satisfy key conditions for well-posedness and robustness to small measurement noise. Furthermore, we apply the proposed hybrid controller to the stabilization of a single-input linear system subject to reverse polytopic constraints on the norm of the input. The behavior of the corresponding closed-loop hybrid system is validated by simulations.
Miniaturization of Broadband Wilkinson Power Dividers

This paper proposed three modified Wilkinson power dividers in order to achieve a size reduction and a wide bandwidth. The first structure presented the power divider using compact folded step impedance transmission lines rather than the uniform microstrip line design for operating center frequency of 3 GHz. The second structure showed the power divider with delta-stub for 2.4 GHz. Finally, the third modified structure introduced the two-section Wilkinson power divider using series-delta stub for center frequency of 2.4 GHz as well. The study managed to get an overall dimension of 15 mm × 9.5 mm for the first proposed design achieving a reduction of 75.6 % and fractional bandwidth of 133 %. For the second proposed structure, the size was 15 mm × 15 mm with a reduction of 56 % and fractional bandwidth of 56 %. While the third design size was 17 mm × 15 mm with a reduction of 63.6 % and the structure achieved a broadband bandwidth with fractional bandwidth of 220 %. The proposed power dividers used RT/duroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.38 mm. Simulation and measurement results indicated that the modified power dividers showed equal power division, good phase balance, high isolation between output ports, and good return loss better than -12 dB covering the operating frequency range .
Classifying Text with Statistically Selected Features to Closely Related Categories

Text Classification is continuing to be one of the most researched problems due to continuously-increasing amount of electronic documents and digital data. Classifying documents to closely related categories is the most complex task in text categorization. Feature selection is an essential preprocessing step for improving the efficiency and accuracy of the text classifiers by removing redundant and irrelevant terms from the training corpus. In this paper, a novel feature selection algorithm based on chi-square statistics, have been proposed for Naïve Bayes classifier. The proposed feature selection method not only identifies the related features for a class, but also determines the type of dependency between the feature and category. The performance of the classifier with the features selected by the proposed method and the features selected by conventional chi-square max method are compared for closely related categories. Experiments were conducted with randomly chosen training documents from six closely related categories of 20Newsgroup Benchmarks. Experimental results show that the classifier has better classifying accuracy with positive features selected by the proposed method.
Scalar glueball in a holographic model of QCD

Recently, a lot of interest has grown around the possibility of applying string inspired techniques to the non-perturbative regime of QCD. The starting point is the AdS/CFT correspondence [1], a conjectured duality between a maximally supersymmetric strongly coupled conformal field theory and the supergravity limit of type IIB string theory, which involves theories different from QCD. Further developments [2] have tried to apply the correspondence to QCD, induced by the evidence of the existence of a window of energy in which QCD shows an approximate conformal behaviour [3]. These developments have taken different directions. The framework through which I move here is the socalled soft wall model of AdS/QCD [4], a phenomenological model originally built to holographically describe chiral symmetry breaking and then adapted to several strong interaction processes. For a list of other approaches the reader can refer to [5]. In the following, I discuss the scalar glueball sector and how the spectrum and the two-point correlation function are represented in the soft wall model. Then, I comment on the results, comparing them with current phenomenology and lattice data.
Phagocytosis of antibody‐opsonized tumor cells leads to the formation of a discrete vacuolar compartment in macrophages

Despite the rapidly expanding use of antibody‐based therapeutics to treat cancer, knowledge of the cellular processes following phagocytosis of antibody‐opsonized tumor cells is limited. Here we report the formation of a phagosome‐associated vacuole that is observed in macrophages as these degradative compartments mature following phagocytosis of HER2‐positive cancer cells in the presence of the HER2‐specific antibody, trastuzumab. We demonstrate that this vacuole is a distinct organelle that is closely apposed to the phagosome. Furthermore, the size of the phagosome‐associated vacuole is increased by inhibition of the mTOR pathway. Collectively, the identification of this vacuolar compartment has implications for understanding the subcellular trafficking processes leading to the destruction of phagocytosed, antibody‐opsonized cancer cells by macrophages.
Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanowire

Nanowires are structures that have a lateral size constraint to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained longitudinal size. The syntheses and characterization of ZnO nanowire with hexagonal structure was successfully achieved using chemical bath deposition technique. The nanowires obtained were further characterized by scan electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and spectrophotometer. The SEM micrographs revealed the morphology of ZnO nanowires with diameter 170.3 nm and 481 nm. This revealed that the pH 8.1 of the bath solution and the optimized value form ZnO nanowires with hexagonal shape at top surface. The XRD pattern of the samples revealed ZnO nanowire have hexagonal crystallite structure. Where upon the crystallite size supported increased annealing temperature (0.536 nm, 0.541 nm and 0.557 nm at 100°C, 150°C and 200°C respectively). The EDX analysis revealed the elemental compositions of samples and confirmed the presence of Zn and O2. The results of the optical analysis showed that ZnO nanowire have high absorbance in the ultraviolet and infrared regions with high transmittance in the visible region. The absorbance of the nanowire increases with increasing annealing temperature. Its high absorbance in the ultraviolet region suggest it applicability as solar harvester for trapping solar energy, used for photovoltaic panel with capacity to converting sunlight radiation directly to electricity for commercial or industrial purposes.
Sharing music in public spaces: Social insights from the Musikiosk project

We argue for a reconsideration of the role of public sharing of music and technology in urban, public settings, based on the results of research involving an interactive sound system. While current legislation in Quebec prevents the playing of amplified music in public, with the support of a Montreal borough, we developed and installed an open, free sound system (Musikiosk) allowing users to choose and play their own music into a pocket park off a busy commercial street. The park and system usage were systematically studied in an interdisciplinary research project, framed by current debates on the relationship between music, publicness and the use of interactive music technologies in public spaces. It combined observations, questionnaires and interviews with park users and residents, which are analyzed through the lens of use patterns and engagement. Results indicate that both users and non-users of the system evaluate Musikiosk as a welcome addition to the park and as a benefit to its conviviality and dynamics, by allowing users to share their music in a novel way and thus to appropriate their park acoustically. Findings further indicate that the process of shared music consumption is an essential advantage of the system, extending the range of park functions and encouraging interaction and different forms of social dynamics by also attracting new users. The positive reactions to Musikiosk show the need for a reevaluation of existing norms and regulations on public space use, particularly in relation to new forms of publicness through the sharing of music and technology.
Inability to Speak: A Qualitative Study on the Experiences of Patients Who Underwent Partial Laryngectomy

Objective: This study aims to determine the experiences of patients with partial laryngectomy related inability to speak. Methods: The study followed purposeful sampling and saturation principles in which 10 patients with partial laryngectomy were included. The data were collected using “semi-structure interview method’’ and the data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were determined: perception of inability to speak, problems caused by inability to speak and communication methods. The patients explained that the inability to speak was like vanishing and that it caused them to experience loss of self-confidence. They explained that they again felt the happiness and joy of living when they began to speak again and that they felt themselves empowered. Problems caused by inability to speak were related to the difficulty to express physical needs, experience of negative feelings and social isolation. It was found out that patients used writing most in order to communicate with others but they did not find written communication effective to express them. Conclusions: After laryngectomy, patients perceived inability to verbally speak as an important loss. Inability to speak causes inability to express their needs, experience of negative feelings and social isolation among the patients. Written communication method, used most to communicate, falls short in many aspects. Keywords: Partial laryngectomy; verbal communication; psychosocial problems; nursing care OZET Konusamamak: Parsiyel Larenjektomi olan Hastalarin Deneyimlerine Iliskin Kalitatif Bir Calisma Amac: Calisma parsiyel larenjektomi olan hastalarin konusamama nedeni ile yasadiklari deneyimleri belirlemeyi amaclamaktadir. Yontem: Calismaya amacli ornekleme yontemine ve doygunluk ilkelerini bagli olarak 10 parsiyel larenjektomi olan hasta dâhil edildi. Veriler “yari yapilandirilmis gorusme yontemi” kullanilarak toplandi ve “tematik analize” gore analiz edildi. Bulgular: Konusamama algisi, konusamamanin neden oldugu problemler ve iletisim metotlari olmak uzere uc tema belirlendi. Hastalar konusamamanin yok olmak gibi oldugunu ve bu durumun oz guven kaybi yasamalarina yol actigini ifade ettiler. Tekrar konusmaya basladiklari zaman ise hastalar mutluluk ve yeniden yasama sevinci duyduklarini ve kendilerini guclenmis hissettiklerini ifade ettiler. Fiziksel ihtiyaclari aciklamada gucluk, negatif duygular yasama ve sosyal izolasyon konusamama nedeniyle yasanilan problemlerdir. Hastalarin iletisim icin en cok yazmayi kullandiklari ancak yazarak iletisimi kendilerini ifade edebilmelerinde etkili bulmadiklari belirlendi. Sonuclar: Larenjektomi sonrasi hastalar sozel iletisim kuramamayi onemli bir kayip olarak algilamaktadirlar. Konusamama hastalarin ihtiyaclarini aciklayamamasina, negatif duygular yasamalarina ve sosyal izolasyona neden olmaktadir. Yazarak iletisim en cok kullanilan iletisim metodu ancak iletisim icin yeterli degildir. Anahtar kelimeler: Parsiyel larenjektomi; sozel iletisim; psikososyal problemler; hemsirelik bakimi
Complete adiabatic passage to arbitrarily sculpted superposition states

We introduce the "shaped-adiabatic-passage" method that allows one to realize a complete population transfer from a given state ‖1> to superpositions of energy eigenstates ‖Ψ>= Σ k c k e - Ω k t ‖k of any desired composition. This objective can be achieved by using a "shaped" (dump or Stokes) laser pulse, formed by simultaneous monochromatic pulses of the same smooth profile, resonantly coupling the states ‖k with a single intermediate state ‖2>. followed by a (pump or anti-Stokes) pulse, coupling this intermediate state with the initial state ‖1>. The pulse shapes can be obtained from first-order perturbation theory, so the method can be used for efficient information coding in the form of superpositions of atomic Rydberg states or of molecular vibrational states.
Extraordinary Photoluminescence and StrongTemperature/Angle-Dependent Raman Responses in Few-Layer

Phosphorene is a new family member of two- dimensional materials. We observed strong and highly layer- dependent photoluminescence in few-layer phosphorene (two to five layers). The results confirmed the theoretical prediction that few-layerphosphorenehasadirectandlayer-sensitivebandgap.We also demonstrated that few-layer phosphorene is more sensitive to temperature modulation than graphene and MoS2 in Raman scattering. The anisotropic Raman response in few-layer phosphor- ene has enabled us to use an optical method to quickly determine the crystalline orientation without tunneling electron microscopy or scanning tunneling microscopy. Our results provide much needed experimental information about the band structures and exciton nature in few-layer phosphorene.
Local polynomial approximation-local binary pattern (LPA-LBP) based face classification

In literature of face recognition many methods have been proposed which extract features at multiple scales for robust classification. In this paper, we proposed a novel method which utilizes Local Polynomial Approximation (LPA) techniques to capture the directional information of the face image at different scales. LPA based filters are used to obtain directional faces from the normalized face images at multiple scales. Since face image is spatially varied and classification works better when local descriptors are used, we incorporate Local Binary Pattern (LBP) operator to obtain LPA-LBP maps. Blockwise processing is done on LPA-LBP maps to capture the local regional relation among the pixels. Then, finally, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is learned in LPA-LBP feature space for face classification. The final descriptor contains information extracted from different levels and, thus, results in high classification accuracy of the faces. Experiments done on Yale and ORL datasets demonstrate that the proposed method has higher classification accuracy than previously proposed methods.
Dropout and AcadeDlic AchieveDlent Perceptions ofMiddle and High School Students ofMexican Descent: A Q-MethodologyStudy

The dropout rate for Mexican-descentstudents enrolled in the U.S. public school system is among the highest of any race or ethnicity. These students may be functionally illiterate in both English and Spanish. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of at-risk, Mexican-descent, adolescent students who expressed personal opinions towards academic success or failure, rather than to test a predetermined trait or a priori hypotheses. Thirty-two students from an independent school district in a Houston, Texas, suburb participated in this study. The male andfemale students were enrolled in school in grades 8-10 but were identified as at-risk learners. Their viewpoints were examined through Q lnethodology. Factor analysis of their Q sorts yielded three distinct attitudinal factors: (a) internally motivated perceptions, (b) family­ motivated perceptions, and (c) disaffected perceptions. Distinguishing statements that represent each factor are discussed and comparedagainst demographic data. The findings of this study support the contextual­ ecological view of influences that affect minority cultures and impact school accomplishment The relationship between academic success and dropout perceptions was multifaceted, comprising social ecological and commingled contextual influences on an individual's perceptions. Results of this study may assist educators and parents in understanding how to increase minority scholastic achievementand decrease dropout rates. This study increases the understanding of the perceptions ofMexican-descent adolescents toward academic success and dropping out ofschool in order to provide a basisfor social change through communication and dialogue between Mexican-descentstudents andfamilies and school administrators andfacullJ'.
High-Intensity Interval Training in the Real World: Outcomes from a 12-Month Intervention in Overweight Adults

Purpose Although high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise have comparable health outcomes in the laboratory setting, effectiveness studies in real-world environments are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an unsupervised HIIT program in overweight/obese adults over 12 months. Methods Two hundred and fifty overweight/obese adults could choose HIIT or current exercise guidelines of 30 min·d−1 moderate-intensity exercise. HIIT participants received a single training session and were advised to independently perform HIIT three times per week using a variety of protocols. Mixed models, with a random effect for participant, compared differences in weight, body composition, blood pressure, aerobic fitness, physical activity, and blood indices at 12 months, adjusting for relevant baseline variables. Results Forty-two percent (n = 104) of eligible participants chose HIIT in preference to current guidelines. At 12 months, there were no differences between exercise groups in weight (adjusted difference HIIT vs conventional = −0.44 kg; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −2.5 to 1.6) or visceral fat (−103 cm3; −256 to 49), although HIIT participants reported greater enjoyment of physical activity (P = 0.01). Evidence of adherence to ≥2 sessions per week of unsupervised HIIT (from HR monitoring) declined from 60.8% at baseline to 19.6% by 12 months. Participants remaining adherent to HIIT over 12 months (23%) were more likely to be male (67% vs 36%, P = 0.03), with greater reductions in weight (−2.7 kg; −5.2 to 0.2) and visceral fat (−292 cm3; −483 to −101) than nonadherent participants. Conclusions HIIT was well accepted by overweight adults, and opting for HIIT as an alternative to standard exercise recommendations led to no difference in health outcomes after 12 months. Although regular participation in unsupervised HIIT declined rapidly, those apparently adherent to regular HIIT demonstrated beneficial weight loss and visceral fat reduction. Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12615000010594), retrospectively registered.
Low latency pipelined circular CORDIC

The pipelined CORDIC with linear approximation to rotation has been proposed to achieve reductions in delay, power and area; however, the schemes for rotation (multiplication) and vectoring (division) complicate implementation in a single unit. In this work, we improve the linear approximation scheme, leading to a unified implementation for rotation and vectoring where fully parallel tree multipliers are used instead of the second half of CORDIC iterations. We also combine the linear approximation to rotation with the scale factor compensation so that the compensation is performed concurrently with the rotation process. Comparison with other designs is also provided.