Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thinking beyond Basel III: Necessary Solutions for Capital and Liquidity

In previous studies, the OECD has identified the main hallmarks of the crisis as too-big-to-fail institutions that took on too much risk; insolvency resulting from contagion and counterparty risk; the lack of regulatory and supervisory integration; and the lack of efficient resolution regimes. This article looks at how the Basel III proposals address these issues, helping to reduce the chance of another crisis like the current one. The Basel III capital proposals have some very useful elements, notably a leverage ratio, a capital buffer and the proposal to deal with pro-cyclicality through dynamic provisioning based on expected losses. However, this report also identifies some major concerns. For example, Basel III does not properly address the most fundamental regulatory problem that the “promises” that make up any financial system are not treated equally. This issue has many implications for the reform process, including reform of the structure of the supervision and regulation process and whether the shadow banking system should be incorporated into the regulatory framework – and, if so, how. Finally, modifications in the overall riskweighted asset framework are suggested that would deal with concentration issues.
The postvaccination antibody response to influenza virus proteins

The radio‐immunoblot (RIB) assay was used to examine the antibody response to proteins of the vaccine strains induced after influenza vaccination. Vaccination stimulated an antibody response to the surface glycoproteins (HA and NA) and to the internal antigens (NP and M) of the three vaccine strains. Antibodies were detected to both the monomeric form of the haemagglutinin (HA) and its two subunits HA1 and HA2. In addition, antibody to the monomeric form of NA was detected. A wide range of response patterns was observed to the viral proteins. All three major antibody classes (IgG, IgA and IgM) were induced after vaccination and in the majority of volunteers the antibody reactivity increased one week after vaccination. IgM antibodies had a wider reactivity pattern, recognising proteins and subunits which were not fully processed or slightly degraded. The varied antibody response induced after influenza vaccination reflects the differing infection histories of the volunteers with influenza. We show some of the practical limitations of studying the antibody response to influenza vaccination.
Do drivers matter for the benefits of ISO 14001

Purpose – The ISO 14001 is already a global meta‐standard for implementing Environmental Management Systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of the sources of motivation that lead companies to adopt this global standard for its perceived benefits.Design/methodology/approach – An extensive review of the academic literature published on ISO 14001, motivations, and benefits has been carried out in order to establish the working hypotheses that are analyzed based on the information obtained from 214 Spanish companies that participated in a survey.Findings – The internal drivers to implement and certify the ISO 14001 standard have a degree of influence on the benefits that is significantly higher than external ones, irrespective of the size of the company and the sector of activity.Practical implications – The findings help to characterize ISO 14001 certified firms and anticipate benefits of the implementation and certification of the standard.Originality/value – The article sheds light o.
A Method for DMUs Classification in DEA

In data envelopment analysis, anyone can do classification decision units with efficiency scores. It will be interesting if a method for classification of DMUs without regarding to efficiency score is obtained. So in this paper, the classification of Decision Making Units (DMUs) is done according to the additive model without being solved for obtaining scores efficiency. This is because it is known that the additive model is the simplest non-radial model in DEA. In fact, the classification of DMUs to a set of efficient, weak efficient, and inefficient units, based upon feasibility concept is done here. Especially, the models and theorems for this aim are presented.
Continuous measurement of gut pH with near-infrared spectroscopy during hemorrhagic shock.

BACKGROUND The rate and magnitude of pH changes in the bowel during hemorrhagic shock are greater than those in the stomach, implying that gastric intramucosal pH may not be a reliable indicator of gut perfusion. Here, we evaluate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess bowel pH in a swine shock model. METHODS Laparotomy was performed to place flow probes, pH microelectrodes, and NIRS probes. Shock was maintained for 45 minutes at a blood pressure of 45 mm Hg, and resuscitation was achieved with shed blood and lactated Ringer's solution to baseline over 60 minutes. RESULTS Hemodynamic measurements were significantly reduced during shock. Lactic acid peaked during resuscitation and remained elevated. NIRS-measured pH was correlated to electrode-measured pH (R2 = 0.903 [ischemia] and R2 = 0.889 [reperfusion]). Estimated measurement accuracy after subject-specific offset correction was 0.083 pH units during ischemia and 0.076 pH units during reperfusion. CONCLUSION NIRS determination of small-bowel pH may be a good tool to monitor the adequacy of resuscitation.
Developing Countries' Changing Participation in World Trade

Recent year have seen substantial reductions in trade policy and other barriers inhibiting developing country participation in world trade. Lower barriers have contributed to a dramatic shift in the pattern of developing country trade-away from dependence on commodity exports to much greater reliance on manufacture and services. In addition, exports to other developing countries have become much more important. These changes have profound implications for the role played by developing countered in the world economy and trade system.
Demographic Predictors of Work-Family Conflict for Men and Women: The Case of Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of several demographic factors (gender, age, marital status, and position, number of children and employment of the spouse) on work-family conflict and family-work conflict. The study includes the employees in manufacturing and service sectors in Lagos. According to the results in this study, the level of work-family conflict of males and females is high, and no statistically meaningful difference is found between their means. Logistic regression analysis shows that the log of odds of males experiencing work-family conflict is negatively correlated with education and job tenure, but positively correlated with marital status. The log of odds of females experiencing work-family conflict is negatively correlated with education whereas it is positively correlated with marital status. Job tenure has an impact on family-work conflict of males, and age of children and having to care elderly parents are noted to have an impact on family-work conflict of females.
Revolution in three-quarter time: Lessons from the diffusion of advanced manufacturing technologies

This paper reviews the rates of diffusions in advanced industrialized countries of a selection of advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) including computer-aided design, robotics and flexible manufacturing systems. It examines the trends developing in the use of these technologies and evidence that different 'models' of practice can be observed between Japan, the USA and Europe. The paper discusses the principal factors influencing the diffusion of AMT's and the range of benefits perceived by the firms through their use. Despite their rapid diffusion, there is concern that the expected benefits from invstment in AMTs is rarely achieved. The paper suggests that the problem of achieving full benefits from these technologies is related to the extent of integration of technologies achieved, which requires a significant degree of organizational learning and development by firms.
The New Main Bank System

We develop a main bank model where the main bank decides whether or not to raise additional funds from the capital market to continue to invest in a borrowing firm when nonmain banks withdraw funds. We show that the threat of withdrawal of nonmain banks is more likely to force the main bank to perform efficiently in handling troubled loans, thereby preventing problems with zombie firms, if the potential cash flow (liquidation value) of the firm decreases (increases) relative to the amount funded by nonmain banks. The theoretical results provide both efficiency evaluations for the renewal of the main bank relation in Japan after the end of the 1990s and empirical implications for the renewed main bank system.
Vi tamin E in Parot id Glands : a Morphometric Analysis in Rats

glands by morphometric analysis. Sixty male rats were divided into 5 groups (n=6): control, in which animals received olive oil solution; olive oil/irradiated, in which animals received olive oil and were irradiated with a dose of 15 Gy of gamma radiation; irradiated, in which animals were irradiated with a dose of 15 Gy gamma radiation; vitamin E, which received α-tocopherol acetate solution; vitamin E/irradiated, which received α-tocopherol acetate solution before irradiation with a dose of 15 Gy gamma rays. Half of the animals were euthanized at 8 h, and the remaining at 30 days after irradiation. Both parotid glands were surgically removed and morphometric analysis of acinar cells was performed. Data were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Morphometric analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of parotid acinar cells at 30 days in olive oil/irradiated and irradiated groups. In groups evaluated over time a significant reduction was shown at 30 days in olive oil/irradiated and irradiated groups, indicating that ionizing radiation caused tissue damage. The vitamin E/irradiated group presented more acinar cells than the irradiated group, but no statistically significant difference was observed (p>0.05). In conclusion, vitamin E seems to have failed as a radioprotective agent on acinar cells in rat parotid glands. R a d i o p r o t e c t i v e E f f e c t o f Vi tamin E in Parot id Glands: a Morphometric Analysis in Rats
Book Review: Venture Capital, Private Equity, and the Financing of Entrepreneurship

J-Curve ExposurePratt's Guide to Private Equity & Venture Capital SourcesPrivate Equity in ActionThe Directory of Venture Capital & Private Equity FirmsPrincipal Agents in Venture Capital and Private Equity ContractingHistory of Private Equity and Venture Capital: History of Private Equity and Venture Capital, Private Equity in the 2000sMastering Private EquityIntroduction to Private Equity, Debt and Real AssetsThe Art of Startup FundraisingVenture Capital in EuropeVenture CapitalPrivate Equity FinanceStructuring Venture Capital, Private Equity and Entrepreneurial Transactions, 2015 EditionPrivate Equity and Venture CapitalThe Private Equity and Venture Capital Tax ManualPrivate Equity and Venture CapitalVenture Capital FirmsPrivate Equity and Venture Capital in EuropeBeyond the J CurveThe Oxford Handbook of Venture CapitalPrivate EquityAccounting and Valuation GuideVenture Capital and Private Equity ContractingThe Directory of Venture Capital & Private Equity Firms 2008BoogarLists | Directory of Venture Capital & Private EquityIntroduction to Private EquityShari'ah Compliant Private Equity and Islamic Venture CapitalVenture CapitalThe Masters of Private Equity and Venture CapitalGuide to Venture Capital & Private Equity Firms, 2020: Print Purchase Includes 3 Months Free Online AccessVenture CapitalVenture Capital InvestmentsThe Directory of Venture Capital & Private Equity Firms, Domestic & InternationalThe Private Equity Analyst Guide to Venture Capital and Private Equity Attorneys DirectoryStructuring Venture Capital, Private Equity, and Entrepreneurial TransactionsA Vision for Venture CapitalStructuring Venture Capital, Private Equity, and Entrepreneurial TransactionsLessons from Private Equity Any Company Can UseVenture Capital and
The importance of early life family factors in the association between cardiovascular risk factors and early cardiovascular mortality

Objective To explore the importance of early life factors shared by siblings, such as parental socioeconomic position, parental practices, housing and neighbourhood, for the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and mortality from CVD, ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease. Methods Norwegian health surveys (1974–2003) were linked with data from the Norwegian Family Based Life Course Study and the Cause of Death Registry. Participants with at least one full sibling among survey participants (n=2 71 643) were included. Data on CVD risk factors, body mass index (BMI), height, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and total cholesterol (TC) were stratified into ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ risk, and smoking to ‘daily smoking’ and ‘not daily smoking’. Results Mean age of participants was 41 years, mean follow-up time was 19 years and during follow-up 2512 died from CVD. For each category of increased risk factor level, the per step HR of CVD mortality was increased by 1.91 (95% CI 1.78 to 2.05) for SBP, 1.67 (1.58 to 1.76) for TC, 1.44 (1.36 to 1.53) for BMI, 1.26 (1.18 to 1.35) for height and 2.89 (2.66 to 3.14) for smoking. In analyses where each sibship (groups of full siblings) had a group-specific baseline hazard, these associations were attenuated to 1.74, 1.51, 1.29, 1.18 and 2.63, respectively. The associations between risk factors and IHD mortality followed the same pattern. Conclusion Early life family factors explained a small part of the association between risk factors and mortality from CVD and IHD in a relatively young sample.
Momentum Profits and Idiosyncratic Volatility: The Korean Evidence

Purpose - This study aims to focus on the profitability of momentum trading in the Korean stock market. More specifically, it aims to conduct an examination of the relationship between momentum returns and idiosyncratic volatility (IVol) to determine whether momentum profits can be explained by IVol. Design/methodology/approach - Portfolios are formed based on their past performance and examine the momentum, or contrarian returns, as the difference between winning and losing portfolios. To confirm that the momentum strategy provides excess returns, the relationship between momentum returns and IVol is studied. The Fama and French three-factor model is also examined to see whether systematic risk affects momentum profits. Firm size, stock price, and turnover are controlled to determine robustness. Finally, a time-series relationship between aggregate IVol and momentum profits is investigated. Findings - The paper illustrates that excess returns are obtained from a momentum strategy, not a contrarian strategy, in the Korean stock market. Momentum returns are higher among high IVol stocks, especially high IVol winners. Examining the Fama and French three-factor model, it is found that momentum returns cannot be explained by systematic risk. The findings are robust after controlling for factors such as firm size, book-to-market ratio, and turnover. The paper confirms the effect of IVol on momentum returns by illustrating that a time-series relationship between momentum returns and aggregate IVol is positive. Originality/value - This paper is among the first, to the authors' knowledge, to examine the relationship between momentum profits and IVol in the Korean stock market, one of the mature financial markets. The findings in this study can be applied to better understand the sources of gains from the momentum strategy in international stock markets.
The Determinants of Internal Migration in Peru: An Economic Analysis

The process of economic development is associated with substantial internal migratory movements. As per capita income increases the proportion of a countrys labor force in agriculture decreases while the proportion in industry and services increases. Since the industrial and service sectors tend to be concentrated around a few urban centers and considering that urban birthrates are generally lower than rural birthrates these shifts in the allocation of the labor forces among sectors of the economy have to come through migration especially from rural to urban areas. These migration flows are considered to have important effects upon several problems of the development process such as employment or regional development so an increased understanding of the determinants of migration can aid the formulation of development policies. Economic theories of human migration view the process as a purposeful response to differences in economic opportunities between regions. In this paper an economic model of migration is outlined and used to investigate the determinants of internal migration with data from Peru for 1961. (excerpt)
The Demand for Money and for Consumption Goods in Centrally Planned Economies

HIS article gives estimates of household demand for money and savings functions for four centrally planned economies (CPEs). The data are post-war annual time series for Czechoslovakia, the GDR, Hungary, and Poland. The estimation of these functions characterizing the demand side of the consumption goods market is a part of the empirical component of our research into macroeconomic equilibrium in CPEs. The supply side of the consumption goods market is analysed in a separate paper (Portes and Winter, 1977), and we are currently carrying out disequilibrium estimation (Goldfeld and Quandt, 1975) in a model using the demand and supply function specifications developed in these papers. It is conventional wisdom that since the early 1950s, the CPEs have suffered chronically from some significant degree of excess demand (repressed inflation), i.e., that buyers have faced quantity constraints (informal or formal rationing) on the markets for goods and labour (e.g., Bush, 1973; Garvy, 1975; Schroeder, 1975). When authors think it necessary to give empirical justification, this is in the form of reference to queues, shortages, "hidden" price increases, quality deterioration, excess liquidity and forced saving, and some data on prices in the small free market sectors of these
The RDP (Ribosomal Database Project) continues

The Ribosomal Database Project (RDP-II), previously described by Maidak et al., continued during the past year to add new rRNA sequences to the aligned data and to improve the analysis commands. Release 7.1 (September 17, 1999) included more than 10 700 small subunit rRNA sequences. More than 850 type strain sequences were identified and added to the prokaryotic alignment, bringing the total number of type sequences to 3324 representing 2460 different species. Availability of an RDP-II mirror site in Japan is also near completion. RDP-II provides aligned and annotated rRNA sequences, derived phylogenetic trees and taxonomic hierarchies, and analysis services through its WWW server (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu/ ). Analysis services include rRNA probe checking, approx-i-mate phylogenetic placement of user sequences, screening user sequences for possible chimeric rRNA sequences, automated alignment, production of similarity matrices and services to plan and analyze terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) experiments.
Evidence on the education profile and the assimilation of immigrants in Switzerland

This paper represents an attempt to investigate the assimilation process of immigrants in Switzerland. Some institutional and historical background is first presented, after which we analyse the education profile of the immigrants through four cohorts of arrival. The results tend to show that the immigrant workforce is rather heterogeneous and should be analysed with a breakdown by country of origin. Following Chiswick (1978), we then proceed to an analysis of the assimilation process of immigrants in Switzerland. We take into account the possible decline in cohort quality by introducing cohort dummies. The main results are that the assimilation process is closely connected with the education profile of the immigrants and that training in the home country accounts for a large part of the wage differential between the immigrants and the native Swiss.
A Low-Power CMOS Linear-in-Decibel Variable Gain Amplifier With Programmable Bandwidth and Stable Group Delay

This brief presents a new circuit architecture for linear-in-decibel, constant-bandwidth variable gain amplifier (VGA). To obtain high linearity under low-voltage operation, this VGA is a closed-loop structure. In loop amplifier design, two techniques are applied: first, the loop amplifier is given finite input impedance. This arrangement keeps the VGA bandwidth constant under different gain setting. Second, a current-buffered compensation is applied for loop stability. Compared to the Miller compensation, this method achieves wider bandwidth. The prototype chip using 0.18-mum CMOS technology demonstrates that -10- to 20-dB gain and 0.5- to 30-MHz bandwidth can be programmed independently. The group delay difference within 30-dB gain control range is smaller than 1%. The total circuit dissipates 1.35 mA from a 1.8-V supply
A 15-Channel Digital Active Electrode System for Multi-Parameter Biopotential Measurement

This paper presents a digital active electrode (DAE) system for multi-parameter biopotential signal acquisition in portable and wearable devices. It is built around an IC that performs analog signal processing and digitization with the help of on-chip instrumentation amplifiers, a 12 bit ADC and a digital interface. Via a standard I2C bus, up to 16 digital active electrodes (15-channels) can be connected to a commercially available microcontroller, thus significantly reducing system complexity and cost. In addition, the DAE utilizes an innovative functionally DC-coupled amplifier to preserve input DC signal, while still achieving state-of-the-art performance: 60 nV/sqrt(Hz) input-referred noise and ±350 mV electrode-offset tolerance. A common-mode feedforward scheme improves the CMRR of an AE pair from 40 dB to maximum 102 dB.
The Transcription Factor E2F1 Modulates Apoptosis of Neurons

Abstract : The transcription factor E2F1 is known to mediate apoptosis in isolated quiescent and postmitotic cardiac myocytes, and its absence decreases the size of brain infarction following cerebral ischemia. To demonstrate directly that E2F1 modulates neuronal apoptosis, we used cultured cortical neurons to show a temporal association of the transcription and expression of E2F1 in neurons with increased neuronal apoptosis. Cortical neurons lacking E2F1 expression (derived from E2F1 ‐/‐ mice) were resistant to staurosporine‐induced apoptosis as evidenced by the significantly lower caspase 3‐like activity and a lesser number of cells with apoptotic morphology in comparison with cortical cultures derived from wild‐type mice. Furthermore, overexpressing E2F1 alone using replication‐deficient recombinant adenovirus was sufficient to cause neuronal cell death by apoptosis, as evidenced by the appearance of hallmarks of apoptosis, such as the threefold increase in caspase 3‐like activity and increased laddered DNA fragmentation, in situ endlabeled DNA fragmentation, and numbers of neuronal cells with punctate nuclei. Taken together, we conclude that E2F1 plays a key role in modulating neuronal apoptosis.