Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scalable multicast security in dynamic groups

In this paper we propose a new framework for multicast security based on distributed computation of security transforms by intermediate nodes. The involvement of intermediate nodes in the security process causes a new type of dependency between group membership and the topology of the multicast network. Thanks to this dependency, the containment of security exposures in large multicast groups is assured. The framework also assures both the scalability for large dynamic groups and the security of individual members. Two different key distribution protocols complying with the framework are introduced. The first protocol is an extension of the El Gamal encryption scheme whereas the second is based on a multi-exponent version of RSA.
Type classes in functional logic programming

Type classes provide a clean, modular and elegant way of writing overloaded functions. Functional logic programming languages (FLP in short) like Toy or Curry have adopted the Damas-Milner type system, so it seems natural to adopt also type classes in FLP. However, type classes has been barely introduced in FLP. A reason for this lack of success is that the usual translation of type classes using dictionaries presents some problems in FLP like the absence of expected answers due to a bad interaction of dictionaries with the call-time choice semantics for non-determinism adopted in FLP systems. In this paper we present a type-passing translation of type classes based on type-indexed functions and type witnesses that is well-typed with respect to a new liberal type system recently proposed for FLP. We argue the suitability of this translation for FLP because it improves the dictionary-based one in three aspects. First, it obtains programs which run as fast or faster---with an speedup from 1.05 to 2.30 in our experiments. Second, it solves the mentioned problem of missing answers. Finally, the proposed translation generates shorter and simpler programs.
Organic visible light communications: Recent progress

The field of organic visible light communications is rapidly gaining interest in the research community as a standalone technology in optical wireless communications. Organic small molecule and polymer photonic devices are the focus of wide ranging research due to fascinating characteristics such as mechanical flexibility and extremely low cost solution based processing. On the other hand, charge transport mobility in organic semiconductors is orders of magnitude lower than in inorganics, resulting in corresponding bandwidth limitations and generating a major challenge for increasing transmission speeds. Recently, however, data rates have been demonstrated at Ethernet speeds (10 Mb/s) for the first time. In order to reach such transmission speeds we reported several substantial steps of progress in the literature which will be reviewed in this work.
A Global and Local Structure-Based Method for Predicting Binary Protein-Protein Interaction Partners: Proof of Principle and Feasibility

We report a 3D structure-based method of predicting protein-protein interaction partners. It involves screening for pairs of tetrahedra representing interacting amino acids at the interface of the protein-protein complex, with one tetrahedron on each protomer. H-bonds and VDW interactions at their interface are first determined and then interacting tetrahedral motifs (one from each protomer) representing backbone or side chain centroids of the interacting amino acids, are then built. The method requires that the protein protomers be transformed first into double-centroid reduced representation (Reyes, V.M. & Sheth, V.N., 2011; Reyes, V.M., 2015a). The method is applied to a set of 801 protein structures in the PDB with unknown functions, which were screened for pairs of tetrahedral motifs characteristic of nine binary complexes, namely: (1.) RAP-Gmppnp-cRAF1 Ras-binding domain; (2.) RHOA-protein kinase PKN/PRK1 effector domain; (3.) RAC-HOGD1; (4.) RAC-P67PHOX; (5.) kinase-associated phosphatase (KAP)-phosphoCDK2; (6.) Ig Fc-protein A fragment B; (7.) Ig light chain dimers; (8.) beta catenin-HTCF-4; and (9.) IL-2 homodimers. Our search method found 33, 297, 62, 63, 120, 0, 108, 16 and 504 putative complexes, respectively. After considering the degree of interface overlap between the protomers, these numbers were significantly trimmed down to 4, 2, 1, 8, 3, 0, 1, 1 and 1, respectively. Negative and positive control experiments indicate that the screening process has acceptable specificity and sensitivity. The results were further validated by applying the CP and TS methods (Reyes, V.M., 2015b) for the quantitative determination of interface burial and inter-protomer overlap in the complex. Our method is simple, fast and scalable, and once the partner interface 3D SMs are identified, they can be used to computationally dock the two protomers together to form the complex.
The X‐ray spectrum of Cyg X‐2

ABSTRA C T The spectra of disc accreting neutron stars generally show complex curvature, and individual components from the disc, boundary layer and neutron star surface cannot be uniquely identified. Here we show that much of the confusion over the spectral form derives from inadequate approximations for Comptonization and for the iron line. There is an intrinsic lowenergy cut-off in Comptonized spectra at the seed photon energy. It is very important to model this correctly in neutron star systems as these have expected seed photon temperatures (from either the neutron star surface, inner disc or self-absorbed cyclotron) of <1 keV, clearly within the observed X-ray energy band. There is also reflected continuum emission which must accompany the observed iron line, which distorts the higher energy spectrum. We illustrate these points by a reanalysis of the Ginga spectra of Cyg X-2 at all points along its Z track, and show that the spectrum can be well fitted by models in which the low-energy spectrum is dominated by the disc, while the higher energy spectrum is dominated by Comptonized emission from the boundary layer, together with its reflected spectrum from a relativistically smeared, ionized disc.
Efficient face detection and tracking with extended CAMSHIFT and haar-like features

This paper presents a new approach to solve the problem of real-time robust face detection and tracking in complex environment. We propose a two level approach to detect faces and tracking. The lower level of the approach implements the extraction of face candidates using the combination of skin color model and haar-like features based adaboost learning algorithm. With this method, multiple-view faces are able to be detected in real-time with high recognition accuracy. The higher level of approach implements the robust face tracking with extended CAMSHIFT (Continuous Adaptive Mean SHIFT). The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust and efficient to detect and track the face-of-interest in the cases of clutter background and the occurrence of occlusion.
The Nigrostriatal Pathway in the Rat: A Single-Axon Study of the Relationship between Dorsal and Ventral Tier Nigral Neurons and the Striosome/Matrix Striatal Compartments

Axons from dorsal/ventral tiers of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and retrorubral field (RRF) were traced after injecting their cell body with biotinylated dextran amine. Fifty-three single axons were reconstructed from serial sagittal sections with a camera lucida, and μ-opiate receptor immunostaining served to differentiate the striosome/matrix striatal compartments. Most dorsal tier SNc axons terminate within the matrix of the dorsal striatum, but their patterns of arborization vary markedly; some axons innervate one specific matriceal area, whereas others arborize in multiple discontinuous loci. Some dorsal tier SNc axons also project to both striosomes and matrix. Other dorsal tier SNc axons, as well as VTA axons, innervate the ventral striatum and send collaterals to striosomes lying ventrally in the dorsal striatum or to the ventral sector of the subcallosal streak (SS). Ventral tier SNc axons arborize principally in striosomes, but some ramify in both compartments or in striosomes and the SS. Ventral tier neurons that form deep clusters in substantia nigra pars reticulata innervate principally the matrix and the SS. The amygdala and ventral pallidum receive secondary collaterals from striatal axons of dorsal/ventral tier neurons or RRF neurons. The subthalamic nucleus receives collaterals from striatal axons of SNc clustered neurons, whereas the globus pallidus gets collaterals from striatal axons of dorsal/ventral tier SNc neurons. These findings reveal that the nigrostriatal pathway is composed of several neuronal subsystems, each endowed with a widely distributed axonal arborization that allows them to exert a multifaceted influence on striatal and/or extrastriatal structures.
JRC : Jitter-based Rate Control for Wired-wireless Hybrid Network

Rate Control plays an key role for many multimedia services such as streaming applications. These streaming applications such as video on demand (VoD) or voice over IP (VoIP) services face some critical problems such as insufficient bandwidth and improper performance of transmission protocols. Emerging real-time multimedia services over IP grow fast with the advent of advanced broadband communications and innovated interconnection technologies. Besides, the new generation networks are expected to integrate all heterogeneous wired and wireless networks and offer seamless customized multimedia services anywhere, anytime. However, wireless networks usually with low and variable bandwidth, and noncongestion related loss do bring the challenge to the existing transport protocol, such as TCP, TFRC etc. In this paper we propose a rate control scheme named Jitter-based Rate Control (JRC) to fit wired-wireless hybrid network which has better performance than the current rate control scheme.
Organizational Learning? Look Again.

Purpose Despite the growth in research on conditions for successful learning by organizations and the introduction of expanding practices and approaches, a progressive and shared understanding of the link between organizational learning and governance is currently missing. This paper aims to take a closer look at organizational learning from a governance angle alongside an institution’s strategic and performance improvement goals. Design/methodology/approach This article takes a reflective approach through which the author’s observations and experiences in guiding organizational learning efforts are presented. Findings The nature of participation and advances in learning how to participate in organizational learning are noted as areas for further inquiry. Dimensions such as desirability, discipline, decision-making, democracy and dividend are presented as critical elements through which organizational learning as governance can be better understood. This novel view of organizational learning is suggested to require more thoughtful and sensitive empirical inquiry and theory development, particularly in contexts with a history of less-than-good governance. Originality/value This viewpoint makes an original contribution to the literature by introducing a new lens through which a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the practices, processes and performance of organizational learning can be further pursued. The article invites researchers, practitioners and leaders in organizations to take another look at how knowledge generation and use is governed. This paper also positions developing and less-developed contexts as ripe and necessary fields within which organizational learning capacities should be explored and strengthened.
Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on the Right Temporo-Parietal Junction Modulates the Use of Mitigating Circumstances during Moral Judgments

Recently, a few transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies have shown that the right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ) plays a causal role in moral reasoning especially in cases of accidental harms or attempted harms. The profile of results across studies is, however, not entirely consistent: sometimes the stimulation affects predominantly attempted harms while sometimes the stimulation affects predominantly accidental harms. We argue that such discrepancy could reflect different functional contributions of the rTPJ in moral judgments and that the chosen design parameters or stimulation method may differentially bring to light one or the other functional role of the rTPJ. In the current study, we found that tDCS specifically affected accidental harms but not attempted harms. Low cathodal stimulation of the rTPJ led to a marginally significant increase in the severity of judgments of accidental harms (Experiment 1) while higher cathodal current density led to a highly significant decrease in the severity of judgments of accidental harms (Experiment 2). Our pattern of results in the context of our experimental design can best be explained by a causal role of the rTPJ in processing the mitigating circumstances which reduce a protagonist’s moral responsibility. We discuss these results in relation to the idea that the rTPJ may play multiple roles in moral cognition and in relation to methodological aspects related to the use of tDCS.
Anti-Fat Attitudes and Weight Bias Internalization: An Investigation of How BMI Impacts Perceptions, Opinions and Attitudes

iv Chapter I: Introduction . 1 Problem Statement . 3 Study Variables . 3 Hypothesis.4 Operational Definitions . 4 Assumptions . 5 Limitations . 5 Delimitations . 5 Significance.5 Chapter II: Review of Literature . 7 Obesity . 7 Weight Stigma . 8 Weight Stigma and Social Discrimination . 9 Psychological Effects of Weight Stigma . 11 Weight Stigma’s Impact on Eating Behaviors and Weight Management . 13 Anti-Fat Attitudes . 14 Weight Bias Internalization . 15 Chapter III: Methods . 17 Participants . 17 Survey . 18 Sociodemographic Variables . 18 Physical Activity and Diet Behavior.18 Instruments . 19 Anti-Fat Attitudes . 19 Weight Bias Internalization Scale . 19 Procedures . 20 Planned Analysis . 20 Chapter IV: Results . 22 Sample and Scale Description . 22 Anti-Fat Attitudes and Body Weight Categories . 23 Weight Bias Internalization and Body Mass Index . 24 ii Chapter V: Discussion . 26 References . 32 Appendix A: Survey . 39 Appendix B: IRB Letter of Approval . 43
Space-Time-Doppler array sensor network

In this paper, a novel space-time-Doppler estimation and reception algorithm is proposed for single-hop sensor network operating in a harsh environmental condition. The algorithm can perform irregardless of whether the central receiver and/or sensor nodes are in motion or in static position. It requires no knowledge of the channel and is resistant against MAI, ISI and other near-far interferences as a result of strong near-distant sensor nodes or weakened transmitted signal power. The improvement does not impose additional processing burden on the sensor nodes, but instead on the central receiver itself.
Assessment of cerebral oxidative metabolism with breath holding and fMRI

Carbon dioxide inhalation can be used to map changes in cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) during neuronal activation with functional MRI (fMRI). A hypercapnic stress also can be achieved with a simple breath‐holding test. Using this test as means of manipulating cerebral blood flow (CBF) independent of CMRO2, we assessed changes in CMRO2 during visual stimulation. With this task, CBF increased by 61 ± 7%, whereas CMRO2 changed by 2.43 ± 4.97%. These results are in good agreement with previous positron emission tomographic (PET) data, indicating that changes in oxidative metabolism during focal neuronal activity can potentially be determined with the breath‐holding test. This test could easily be performed during a routine MRI examination. Magn Reson Med 42:608–611, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ionic electroactive polymer metal composites: Fabricating, modeling, and applications of postsilicon smart devices

Smart systems adapt to the surrounding environments in a number of ways. They are capable to scavenge energy from available sources, sense and elaborate external stimuli and adequately react. Electro Active Polymers are playing a main role in the realization of smart systems for applications if fields such as bio inspired and autonomous robotics, medicine, and aerospace. This paper focus on the possibility to use Ionic Polymer Metal Composites as a class of materials relevant to the realization of post silicon smart systems. The three main aspects of this new technology, i.e., fabrication methods, modeling, and applications are described with emphasis to most recent results. Attention is given to main challenges and shortcomings to be solved for technology, modelling, and control of IPMC based devices that need to be solved before this new technology can be fully exploited in real world applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013
Collaborative Signal Reinforcement in Sensor Networks

Sensor networks can be used for various application areas such as health, military, and home. Research in collaborative methods and wireless communication has enabled the development of sensor networks. This paper presents a collaborative signal reinforcement scheme for sensor networks in which a cluster of mobile, independent and interchangeable nodes collaborate to send a message to a distant node. The presented scheme offers several advantages over contemporary solutions, including higher fault tolerance, power efficiency, scalability and lower complexity and cost. The primary emphasis of the paper is placed on a novel signal reinforcement modulation method that enables the collaborative scheme. Simulations are presented that validate this collaborative scheme. Furthermore, experimental results obtained from a laboratory hardware prototype are also presented in support of the presented methods.
Using the Discrete Squaring Function in the Delayed Message Authentication Protocol

The delayed message authentication protocol (DeMA protocol) is a protocol that can be used in order to exchange authentic information between two entities by using a one-way chain (i.e. an array of elements generated by a one-way function) on each entity's side. The use of the discrete power function in the DeMA protocol offers the advantage that the length of the chains does not influence the computational time. In this paper we are concerned with the particular case of the discrete squaring function which offers more computational advantages since the elements of the one-way chains may be efficiently computed in a time-memory trade. The complete description of the DeMA protocol in the case of the discrete squaring function is given and also some experimental results are presented which help on understanding the computational performance of the protocol. By using this implementation of the DeMA protocol message authentication can be assured at the cost of almost one modular multiplication for each exchanged message
Insomnia and Personality—A Network Approach

Studies on personality traits and insomnia have remained inconclusive about which traits show the most direct associations with insomnia severity. It has moreover hardly been explored how traits relate to specific characteristics of insomnia. We here used network analysis in a large sample (N = 2089) to obtain an integrated view on the associations of personality traits with both overall insomnia severity and different insomnia characteristics, while distinguishing direct from indirect associations. We first estimated a network describing the associations among the five factor model personality traits and overall insomnia severity. Overall insomnia severity was associated with neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness. Subsequently, we estimated a separate network describing the associations among the personality traits and each of the seven individual items of the Insomnia Severity Index. This revealed relatively separate clusters of daytime and nocturnal insomnia complaints, that both contributed to dissatisfaction with sleep, and were both most directly associated with neuroticism and conscientiousness. The approach revealed the strongest direct associations between personality traits and the severity of different insomnia characteristics and overall insomnia severity. Differentiating them from indirect associations identified the targets for improving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for insomnia with the highest probability of effectively changing the network of associated complaints.
Performance evaluation of the distributed association rule mining algorithms

One of the best-known problems in data mining is association rule mining. It requires very large computation and I/O traffic capacity, therefore several distributed and parallel association rule mining algorithms have been developed. However the association rule mining problem is NP complete, the execution time estimation of the algorithms can be very important, especially for load balancing or for capacity and resource planning. In this paper a novel execution time prediction method is introduced and evaluated on a PC cluster environment. The average relative error of this model is less than 10 percent.
SPLASH: a hybrid 3D modeling/rendering approach mixing splats and meshes

We propose a hybrid 3D modeling and rendering approach called SPLASH to combine the modeling flexibility and robustness of SPLAts together with the rendering simplicity and maturity of meSHes. Together with this novel SPLASH concept, we also propose a system turning a 3D point cloud, obtained for example through an SfM (Structure from Motion) approach, into a multi-textured hybrid 3D model whose shape is described by a triangle mesh plus a collection of elliptical splats.
Exploring urban traffic flow dynamics

Important statistical characteristics of traffic can be examined via the reconstruction of a so-called phase-space where each point in that space represents a state of traffic and vice versa. Statistical tools such as recurrence analysis can then be used to visualize the temporal evolution of traffic and to assess its non-stationarity structure as an indicator for irregular behaviour. In this paper we investigate, examine and analyze the short-term non-stationary features present in traffic flows based on the historical data available from stop-line detectors collected from a small number of intersections in the Melbourne CBD, Australia and demonstrate that recurrence analysis has considerable potential in identifying changes within the temporal behaviour of traffic.
0 Ju n 19 97 CGPG-97 / 1-2 gr-qc / 9605047 On Quantum Statistical Mechanics of a Schwarzschild Black Hole

Quantum theory of geometry, developed recently in the framework of nonperturbative quantum gravity, is used in an attempt to explain thermodynamics of Schwarzschild black holes on the basis of a microscopical (quantum) description of the system. We work with the formulation of thermodynamics in which the black hole is enclosed by a spherical surface B and a macroscopic state of the system is specified by two parameters: the area of the boundary surface and a quasilocal energy contained within. To derive thermodynamical properties of the system from its microscopics we use the standard statistical mechanical method of Gibbs. Under a certain number of assumptions on the quantum behavior of the system, we find that its microscopic (quantum) states are described by states of quantum Chern-Simons theory defined by sets of points on B labelled with spins. The level of the Chern-Simons theory turns out to be proportional to the horizon area of black hole measured in Planck units. The statistical mechanical analysis turns out to be especially simple in the case when the entire interior of B is occupied by a black hole. We find in this case that the entropy contained within B, that is, the black hole entropy, is proportional to the horizon surface area.