Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disruption of MEF 2 activity HDAC in cardiomyoblasts inhibits cardiomyogenesis

Introduction Myocyte enhancer factors 2 (MEF2s) belong to the MADS-box family of transcription factors. Members of this family contain a conserved MADS-box domain and a MEF2 domain at the N-terminus of the protein, which are involved in DNA-binding and dimerization, and a C-terminal transactivation domain involved in the regulation of transcriptional activity. The four MEF2 proteins in vertebrates (MEF2A, MEF2B, MEF2C and MEF2D) bind AT rich MEF2 sites as homo-and heterodimers, and are expressed in precursors of the three muscle lineages, as well as in neurons (reviewed in Black and Olson, 1998). MEF2C is the first member of the family to be expressed in the mouse, with transcripts appearing in the precardiac mesoderm at embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) (Edmondson et al., 1994). Promoter analysis has shown that MEF2 sites are essential for the expression of muscle-specific genes in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle (Amacher et al. The strongest indication of an essential role for MEF2 in muscle development comes from studies in Drosophila. Loss-of-function mutations of the single Mef2 gene resulted in a block in the development of all muscle cell types in the embryo (Lilly et al., 1995). Although the cardiac muscle contractile proteins were not expressed in these mutants, a dorsal vessel formed normally and expressed tinman, a homeobox transcription factor. Together with the finding that Mef2 contains essential tinman-binding sites (Cripps et al., 1999;
Maxwell : User-Driven Information Flow Control for Android

Current mobile operating systems protect users’ privacy by enforcing access control policies on sensitive data sources and sinks. However, many privacy goals are really information flow problems. We present Maxwell, a system that enables users to explicitly authorize information flows as part of their normal interactions with applications. Our work extends the ideas of user-driven access control and applies them to information flow control. Our implementation uses TaintDroid to enforce the user’s information flow control choices. Our implementation represents information flow privileges using an object-capability model which may be of independent interest.
Eyewitness Memory in African American Children From Low-Income Families

Abstract:The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the eyewitness memory performance of 3- and 5-year-old African American children (N = 33) from low-income households. The children were asked to remember the routine details of a physical examination immediately after the physical exam and again after a delay interval of 6 weeks. Age-related changes in children's memory performance were found, with the older children remembering more than the young children. Five-year-olds recalled more information in response to open-ended questions, provided greater elaborative details of the examination, and exhibited greater consistency in their recall across both of the interviews than did their younger counterparts. Children's abilities to resist incongruous questions were markedly low, with correct-denial rates of the 3-year-olds being below chance levels and those of the 5-year-olds just above chance levels. Significant correlations were found between mental age scores derived from the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, 3rd edition, and the children's rates of correct denials and false alarms. The findings are discussed in terms of cognitive processes and language development among economically disadvantaged African American children.
Enzymatic Characterization and Functional Domain Mapping of Brain Myosin-V*

The actin binding and ATPase properties, as well as the functional domain structure of chick brain myosin-V, a two-headed, unconventional myosin, is reported here. Compared to conventional myosin from skeletal muscle, brain myosin-V exhibits low K-EDTA- and Ca-ATPase activities (1.8 and 0.8 ATP/s per head). The physiologically relevant Mg-ATPase is also low (∼0.3 ATP/s), unless activated by the presence of both F-actin and Ca2+ (Vmax of 27 ATP/s). Ca2+ stimulates the actin-activated Mg-ATPase over a narrow concentration range between 1 and 3 μM. In the presence of saturating Ca2+ and 75 mM KCl, surprisingly low concentrations of F-actin activate the Mg-ATPase in a hyperbolic manner (KATPase of 1.3 μM). Brain myosin-V also binds with relatively high affinity (compared to other known myosins) to F-actin in the presence of ATP, as assayed by cosedimentation. Digestion of brain myosin-V with calpain yielded a 65-kDa head domain fragment that cosediments with actin in an ATP-sensitive manner and a 80-kDa tail fragment that does not interact with F-actin. The 80-kDa fragment results from cleavage one residue beyond the proline-, glutamate-, serine-, threonine-rich region. Our data indicate that the Mg-ATPase cycle of brain myosin-V is tightly regulated by Ca2+, probably via direct binding to the calmodulin light chains in the neck domain, which like brush border myosin-I, results in partial (∼30%) dissociation of the calmodulin associated with brain myosin-V. The effect of Ca2+ binding, which appears to relieve suppression by the neck domain, can be mimicked by calpain cleavage near the head/neck junction.
Patterns of ontogenetic and geographic variation in the black salamander, Aneides flavipunctatus (Caudata, Plethodontidae)

Lynch, James F. Patterns of Ontogenetic and Geographic Variation in the Black Salamander, Aneidesflavipunctatus (Caudata: Plethodontidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 324, 53 pages, 19 figures, 14 tables, frontispiece, 1981. —Aneides flavipunctatus, a terrestrial plethodontid salamander, is virtually restricted to humid, thermally equable areas of northwestern California. The limits of distribution mainly reflect the extent of climatically favorable habitat and the presence of longstanding barriers to dispersal, but competition with other species of salamanders may play a role in excluding A. flavipunctatus from mesic, equable areas in the vicinity of the California-Oregon border. Aneides flavipunctatus exhibits marked ontogenetic and geographic variation in color pattern and external proportions. Within the contiguous portion of the range, variation in individual characters tends to be clinal and correlated with latitude, distance inland, elevation, or other geographic parameters. However, isolated populations at the southern and northeastern limits of distribution exhibit discordant variation relative to their nearest neighbors within the contiguous range. Northern populations of A. flavipunctatus retain a suite of juvenile-like characteristics throughout adulthood, and paedomorphism appears to be an important mechanism by which evolutionary changes have occurred in this species. A Prim Network analysis indicates that phenetic and geographic proximity are highly correlated within the contiguous range of A. flavipunctatus, but that peripheral isolates most clearly resemble central "core" populations in morphology. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Montastrea cavemosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Lynch, James Francis, 1942Patterns of ontogenetic and geographic variation in the black salamander, Aneides flavipunctalus (Caudata: Plethodontidae) (Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 324) Bibliography: p. 1. Aneides flavipunctatus—Variation. 2. Amphibians—Variation. 3. Amphibians—California—Variation. I. Title. II. Series: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 324. QL1.S54 no. 324 [QL668.C274] 591s [597.6'5] 80-19987
Global Liquidity and Commodity Price Dynamics # 167 RUHR

This paper examines the interactions between money, interest rates, goods and commodity prices at a global level. For this purpose, we aggregate data for major OECD countries and follow the Johansen/Juselius cointegrated VAR approach. Our empirical model supports the view that, when controlling for interest rate changes and thus different monetary policy stances, money (defi ned as a global liquidity aggregate) is still a key factor to determine the long-run homogeneity of commodity prices and goods prices movements. The cointegrated VAR model fi ts with the data for the analysed period from the 1970s until 2008 very well. Our empirical results appear to be overall robust since they pass inter alia a series of recursive tests and are stable for varying compositions of the commodity indices. The empirical evidence is in line with theoretical considerations. The inclusion of commodity prices helps to identify a signifi cant monetary transmission process from global liquidity to other macro variables such as goods prices. We fi nd further support of the conjecture that monetary aggregates convey useful information about variables such as commodity prices which matter for aggregate demand and thus infl ation. Given this clear empirical pattern it appears justifi ed to argue that global liquidity merits attention in the same way as the worldwide level of interest rates received in the recent debate about the world savings and liquidity glut as one of the main drivers of the current fi nancial crisis, if not possibly more. JEL Classifi cation: E31, E52, C32, F42
Effects of Crowding and Attention on High-Levels of Motion Processing and Motion Adaptation

The motion after-effect (MAE) persists in crowding conditions, i.e., when the adaptation direction cannot be reliably perceived. The MAE originating from complex moving patterns spreads into non-adapted sectors of a multi-sector adapting display (i.e., phantom MAE). In the present study we used global rotating patterns to measure the strength of the conventional and phantom MAEs in crowded and non-crowded conditions, and when attention was directed to the adapting stimulus and when it was diverted away from the adapting stimulus. The results show that: (i) the phantom MAE is weaker than the conventional MAE, for both non-crowded and crowded conditions, and when attention was focused on the adapting stimulus and when it was diverted from it, (ii) conventional and phantom MAEs in the crowded condition are weaker than in the non-crowded condition. Analysis conducted to assess the effect of crowding on high-level of motion adaptation suggests that crowding is likely to affect the awareness of the adapting stimulus rather than degrading its sensory representation, (iii) for high-level of motion processing the attentional manipulation does not affect the strength of either conventional or phantom MAEs, neither in the non-crowded nor in the crowded conditions. These results suggest that high-level MAEs do not depend on attention and that at high-level of motion adaptation the effects of crowding are not modulated by attention.
Qur'an of the Oppressed: Liberation Theology and the Gender Justice in Islam

Mary (as well as Fatima) a special place in Islam, thereby opening doors between the two religions. Not part of this book but discussed by Krokus elsewhere (2012) is Massignon’s impact on the Catholic Church, culminating in Vatican II, where the Church recognized Islam as an Abrahamic religion. The reader interested in Islam will note that, while Krokus is nuanced when it comes to the positions of other Catholic Arabists (especially Massignon’s students), the book does not go into detail about Massignon’s critics among academic scholars of Islamic Studies, such as the late Jacques Waardenburg. Similarly, Krokus does not elaborate on how Muslims reacted to Massignon’s ‘Christian appropriation of Islamic beliefs and practices’ (201); and finally, Krokus refrains from discussing the impact of Gandhi on Massignon’s thinking in his last years. As a result, the book is a sympathetic, well-written and clearly structured testimony to the power of Massignon as a scholar and charismatic mystic. Krokus assembles Massignon’s writings into a Catholic theological position on Islam that is today no less intriguing and provocative than it was in his life-time. While the Catholic University of America Press addresses primarily Catholic scholars, students of Islam will also find much food for thought in this book.
On the convergence of markovian stochastic algorithms with rapidly decreasing ergodicity rates

We analyse the convergence of stochastic algorithms with Markovian noise when the ergodicity of the Markov chain governing the noise rapidly decreases as the control parameter tends to infinity. In such a case, there may be a positive probability of divergence of the algorithm in the classic Robbins-Monro form. We provide sufficient condition which ensure convergence. Moreover, we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of these algorithms and state a diffusion approximation theorem
Nearest neighbors in high-dimensional data: the emergence and influence of hubs

High dimensionality can pose severe difficulties, widely recognized as different aspects of the curse of dimensionality. In this paper we study a new aspect of the curse pertaining to the distribution of k-occurrences, i.e., the number of times a point appears among the k nearest neighbors of other points in a data set. We show that, as dimensionality increases, this distribution becomes considerably skewed and hub points emerge (points with very high k-occurrences). We examine the origin of this phenomenon, showing that it is an inherent property of high-dimensional vector space, and explore its influence on applications based on measuring distances in vector spaces, notably classification, clustering, and information retrieval.
The NPMLE in a class of doubly censoredcurrent status data models with application toAIDS partner studiesMark

The California Partners’ Study is an ongoing investigation of heterosexual HIVtransmission in partners of infected index cases (Padian, et al., 1987; Shiboski & Jewell, 1990). In addition to the HIV-status of the partner at the recruiting time one also observes the initial time of the partnership and a lower bound for the infection time of the index case. Following Jewell, Malani & Vittinghoff (1994) we assume that the infection time of the index case is uniformly distributed over the interval defined by the lower bound and the recruiting time, but no further assumptions are made. We consider an NPMLE of the distribution of the time T the partner is exposed to an infected index partner till infection. We show that the model is a doubly censored current status data model as introduced in Jewell, Malani & Vittinghoff (1994) with a special known distribution of the origin. We provide a modified Iterative Weighted
Real-Time Visualization of Cardiac Catheterization Procedures Based on a New Algorithm for Reconstructions from Planar Cross Sections Using the Unconstrained 3D Delaunay Triangulation

Real-time visualization plays an important role in medical imaging applications such as image-guided surgery, surgical simulation and medical education. For the real-time visualization and the simultaneous overlay of 3D triangulated objects onto live recordings of patient data gathered with fast imaging devices (e.g. from the beating heart) it is essential that the number of triangles used for displaying the meshes are reasonably low. For this purpose, we developed a novel, optimized surface reconstruction algorithm for planar cross sections based on the non-constrained 3D Delaunay triangulation using pre-computed contour data. The proposed method generates 50% fewer triangles for the cardiac images used in our application domain in comparison to standard reconstruction methods from planar cross sections. Besides reducing the number of triangles, our method eliminates 'stair-case' artifacts that can occur between consecutive cross sections for non-uniformly sampled input image data often found in biomedical imaging applications.
Material and Product Design Integration: Establishing Relationships between Design Variables of Both Domains

Due to the increasing demand of applicationspecific and/or multi-functional materials, it is necessary to integrate material design and product design. To support such design integration, this paper proposes a methodology to establish the relationships of both material design variables and product design variables. These variables include the required system performances and/or other evaluation criteria, and the relevant system loadings and attributes, where the attributes include both the product structural attributes and the material properties. This is achieved by modeling the behaviors of the product and those of the used material, and identifying the dependencies between the relevant design variables from the behaviors. The variable relationships can then be used to solve various design problems, such as design evaluation, evaluation and optimization of critical design variables, and so on. A design case study is also conducted to illustrate the proposed methodology and its usefulness. Index TermsDesign integration, material design, product design, variable relationship.
CURVATURE EFFECT OF A NON–POWER-LAW SPECTRUM AND SPECTRAL EVOLUTION OF GRB X-RAY TAILS

The apparent spectral evolution observed in the steep decay phase of many gamma-ray burst (GRB) early afterglows raises great concern about the high-latitude “curvature effect” interpretation of this phase. However, previous curvature effect models only invoked a simple power-law spectrum upon the cessation of the prompt internal emission. We investigate a model that invokes the “curvature effect” of a more general non–power-law spectrum and test this model with the Swift/XRT data of some GRBs. We show that one can reproduce both the observed lightcurve and the apparent spectral evolution of several GRBs using a model invoking a power-law spectrum with an exponential cut off. GRB 050814 is presented as an example.
A Hierarchical Classifier Applied to Multi-way Sentiment Detection

This paper considers the problem of document-level multi-way sentiment detection, proposing a hierarchical classifier algorithm that accounts for the inter-class similarity of tagged sentiment-bearing texts. This type of classifier also provides a natural mechanism for reducing the feature space of the problem. Our results show that this approach improves on state-of-the-art predictive performance for movie reviews with three-star and four-star ratings, while simultaneously reducing training times and memory requirements.
Wave dispersion of nanobeams incorporating stretching effect

ABSTRACT This work deals with the wave dispersion characteristics of nanobeams considering thickness stretching effect under the influence of hygrothermal environment. The effect of initial stress is also analyzed. Since the displacements in the thickness direction are approximated as a parabolic function satisfying the upper and lower stress-free boundary conditions, this theory can account for both transverse-shear deformation and stretching effects. To capture the size-dependent effects, a high-order nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory involving three small-scale coefficients is used. The governing equations of wave motion are obtained through Hamiltonian principle, and an analytic technique is applied for finding the wave frequencies as well as phase velocities. The influences of small-scale parameters, initial stress, hygrothermal environment, elastic foundation, and wave number on the wave characteristics of nanobeams are investigated.
Anonymity-based data publishing for preserving customer privacy in railway systems

In the big data era, data analysis has attracted more and more attentions in many industry areas such as intelligent transportation. The customer information in railway systems is quite valuable for marketing purposes, as it can reflect a user's travel pattern. Therefore, the privacy issues have been brought out. Recently, many studies focus on access control and other traditional security problems in transportation systems, and little studied on the topic of the private data publishing. In this paper, we study the private customer data publishing problem by representing the data with a hypergraph, which is quite efficient to illustrate complex relationships among customers. We provide an anonymity-based approach to hide the identities of customers to protect their sensitive information. We also take data utility into consideration by defining specific information loss metrics. The performances of the methods have been validated by extensive experiments.
Applications of splitting algorithm to decomposition in convex programming and variational inequalities

Recently Han and Lou proposed a highly parallelizable decomposition algorithm for minimizing a strongly convex cost over the intersection of closed convex sets. It is shown that their algorithm is in fact a special case of a splitting algorithm analyzed by Gabay for finding a zero of the sum of two maximal monotone operators. Gabay’s convergence analysis for the splitting algorithm is sharpened, and new applications of this algorithm to variational inequalities, convex programming, and the solution of linear complementarily problems are proposed. For convex programs with a certain separable structure, a multiplier method that is closely related to the alternating direction method of multipliers of Gabay–Mercier and of Glowinski–Marrocco, but which uses both ordinary and augmented Lagrangians, is obtained.
Research of the Simulation Grid System Based on Multi-agent Dynamic Scheduling

With the rapid advances in communication and networking, especially in Grid technique, an increasing number of applications will involve computing systems. This article focus that how to schedule system resources in reason and explore the dynamic scheduling method to the parallel tasks in the federation. According to task scheduling of content and objectives in the simulation grid, the HLA federate managements is reformed. The dynamic schedule method based on multi-agent is propose and schedule framework is built, on this basis migration method is designed which based on federation members. And using UML designs migration process. Taking the air-to-ground warfare simulation system as an example, Simulation results verify that the method is feasible, and obviously the method could make contribution to enhance the quotients of using resource and construct the large-scale military simulation applications in simulation
Secured user's authentication and private data storage- access scheme in cloud computing using Elliptic curve cryptography

Cloud computing is a technology through which data can be stored and access at remote server without the installation of software and hardware being done at client side. The massive use of cloud computing also increases severe security concerns to cloud storage. The weakness in user's authentication process and lack of effective security policy in cloud storage leads to many challenges in cloud computing. We propose a scheme that not only provides security of user's private data of storing and accessing over the cloud but also authentication of the user to the cloud server using Elliptic curve cryptography.