Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Software Maintenance Severity Prediction for Object Oriented Systems

As the majority of faults are found in a few of its modules so there is a need to investigate the modules that are affected severely as compared to other modules and proper maintenance need to be done in time especially for the critical applications. As, Neural networks, which have been already applied in software engineering applications to build reliability growth models predict the gross change or reusability metrics. Neural networks are non-linear sophisticated modeling techniques that are able to model complex functions. Neural network techniques are used when exact nature of input and outputs is not known. A key feature is that they learn the relationship between input and output through training. In this present work, various Neural Network Based techniques are explored and comparative analysis is performed for the prediction of level of need of maintenance by predicting level severity of faults present in NASA's public domain defect dataset. The comparison of different algorithms is made on the basis of Mean Absolute Error, Root Mean Square Error and Accuracy Values. It is concluded that Generalized Regression Networks is the best algorithm for classification of the software components into different level of severity of impact of the faults. The algorithm can be used to develop model that can be used for identifying modules that are heavily affected by the faults.
Precursor cells from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) visceral fat holds the plasticity to differentiate into the osteogenic lineage

ABSTRACT In order to study the potential plasticity of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) precursor cells (aSPCs) from the adipogenic mesenchyme cell lineage to differentiate to the osteogenic lineage, aSPCs were isolated and cultivated under either osteogenic or adipogenic promoting conditions. The results strengthen the hypothesis that aSPCs most likely are predestined to the adipogenic lineage, but they also hold the flexibility to turn into other lineages given the right stimuli. This assumption is supported by the fact that the transcription factor pparγ , important for regulation of adiopogenesis, was silent in aSPCs grown in osteogenic media, while runx2, important for osteogenic differentiation, was not expressed in aSPCs cultivated in adipogenic media. After 2 weeks in osteogenic promoting conditions the cells started to deposit extracellular matrix and after 4 weeks, the cells started mineralizing secreted matrix. Microarray analyses revealed large-scale transcriptome responses to osteogenic medium after 2 days, changes remained stable at day 15 and decreased by magnitude at day 30. Induction was observed in many genes involved in osteogenic differentiation, growth factors, regulators of development, transporters and production of extracellular matrix. Transcriptome profile in differentiating adipocytes was markedly different from differentiating osteoblasts with far fewer genes changing activity. The number of regulated genes slowly increased at the mature stage, when adipocytes increased in size and accumulated lipids. This is the first report on in vitro differentiation of aSPCs from Atlantic salmon to mineralizing osteogenic cells. This cell model system provides a new valuable tool for studying osteoblastogenesis in fish.
Torque-ripple minimization in dc-brushless drives using a predictive control technique adapted to generic air-gap flux-density distribution

For a three-phase dc-brushless drives, the paper presents a control technique able to maintain practically constant the motor torque in steady-state operations. This optimized feature can be obtained whatever is the waveform of the air-gap flux density distribution generated by rotor magnets. Isotropic machine are considered with respect to the air-gap armature field (surface mounted magnets). On the basis of no-load induced voltages waveforms measured at constant speeds in off-line tests, simple control algorithms are carried out for either “two phase on” or “three phase on” operating conditions; i.e. they are active also during the commutation between two consequent armature phases. These algorithms evaluate the instantaneous currents suitable to remove ripples in the torque time-behaviour. In cascade, a predictive algorithm computes the correspondent voltage reference values for the feeding VSI. For dc-brushless motors the voltage predictive algorithm is rather simple and is efficacious both in low and high speed (or load) operating conditions. An accurate numerical investigation and some experimental results are presented in order to validate the proposed control technique.
PSYCHOSOCIAL ADJUSTMENT AND SOCIAL REINTEGRATION OF CHILD EX-SOLDIERS IN SIERRA LEONE Wave II Follow-Up Analysis

Executive Summary: This report presents initial data from a follow-up study of youth who had been associated with the RUF rebel group in Sierra Leone and were subsequently part of the International Rescue Committee's (IRC) community reintegration program following formal disarmament and demobilization in the country. Also added to this wave of data collection was a new sample of ex-RUF youth from the Makeni region that self-reintegrated without the benefit of organized support and services such as those offered by the IRC in its area of operations. These services included initial material and psychosocial assistance in Interim Care Centers, family tracing and community follow-up. The addition of the Makeni sample provides a valuable comparison between youth who received formal reintegration services contrasted with youth who spontaneously went home without any special assistance or services. This study is also unique in its ability to examine community, family and child-level variables in relationship to reintegration and psychosocial adjustment in young people returning to their home villages after their association with rebel fighting forces.
Ju n 19 97 Metal Abundance in the Solar Interior

It is shown that the metal abundance in the solar interior is constrained from the current solar neutrino experiment, even if one allows neutrino conversion in the sun due to neutrino oscillation. The result shows that the metal abundance in the interior should be within the range 0.4–1.4 times that in the surface, supporting the idea that the sun formed by a contraction of a gas cloud with an almost homogeneous composition.
Randomized Singular Value Projection

Affine rank minimization algorithms typically rely on calculating the gradient of a data error followed by a singular value decomposition at every iteration. Because these two steps are expensive, heuristic approximations are often used to reduce computational burden. To this end, we propose a recovery scheme that merges the two steps with randomized approximations, and as a result, operates on space proportional to the degrees of freedom in the problem. We theoretically establish the estimation guarantees of the algorithm as a function of approximation tolerance. While the theoretical approximation requirements are overly pessimistic, we demonstrate that in practice the algorithm performs well on the quantum tomography recovery problem.
Making SNAP Judgments: Rethinking the Spatial Representation of Number

Interactions between number and space, exemplified by the SNARC (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes) effect, are often taken as evidence for a privileged spatial representation of number. Naturally, research on the spatial representation of number has typically focused on spatial tasks. But in order to make inferences about numerical cognition more generally, one must take care to tease apart spatial mental representation from spatial action. The present study asked participants to judge the relative magnitude of numbers, and to respond by producing sounds of different pitches. There was a significant interaction between pitch and number magnitude, analogous to the interaction between space and number: participants were faster to produce “high” pitches in response to “high” numbers. Moreover, the strength of this effect was unrelated to the strength of the traditional SNARC. We argue that these results undermine the privileged status of space as a representational substrate for number.
Fusion of speaker and lexical information for topic segmentation: A co-segmentation approach

In this work, we investigate how speaker-based information and lexical-based information can be fused efficiently for topic segmentation of spoken contents. While in recent work, we have proposed an early fusion scheme, so as to jointly model speaker and lexical distribution, we propose here a co-segmentation framework, between segmentations performed in the speaker space and in the lexical space. Experiments carried out on two distinct corpora (Radio talk show and TV Broadcast News) show that, even if performances of speaker information are contrasted and closely related to the content structure, its integration with lexical information, either by early fusion or by co-segmentation, is always effective. Absolute gains of 16% (Radio corpus) and 5% (TV corpus) are observed for topic boundary detection performance.
High-Energy Emission from the Double Pulsar System J0737–3039

We discuss the effects of particle acceleration at the bow shocks expected in the binary pulsar system J0737-3039, because of the wind from pulsar A interacting with both the interstellar medium (ISM) and the magnetosphere of pulsar B. In this model, we find that the likeliest source for the X-rays observed by Chandra is the emission from the shocked wind of pulsar A as it interacts with the ISM. In this case, for favorable model parameter values, better statistics might help Chandra marginally resolve the source. A consequence of the model is a power-law high-energy spectrum extending up to ≲60 keV, at a level of ~2 × 10-13 ergs cm-2 s-1.
High frequency VLBI observations of the scatter-broadened quasar B 2005+403

The quasar B 2005+403 located behind the Cygnus region in our Galaxy, is useful in studying the interplay between propagation effects, which are extrinsic to the source, and source intrinsic variability. On the basis of VLBI experiments performed at 1.6, 5, 8, 15, 22, and 43 GHz during the years 1992–2003 and parallel multi-frequency monitoring of the total flux density (between 5–37 GHz), we investigated the variability of total flux density and source structure. Below 8 GHz, the point-like VLBI source is affected by scatter-broadening of the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM), which is located along the line of sight and likely associated with the Cygnus region. We present and discuss the measured frequency dependence of the source size, which shows a power-law with slope of -1.91 ± 0.05. From the measured scattering angle at 1 GHz of $\theta = 77.1$ ± 4.0 mas a scattering measure of SM = 0.43 ± $0.04~{\rm m}^{-20/3}$ kpc is derived, consistent with the general properties of the ISM in this direction. The decreasing effect of angular broadening towards higher frequencies allows us to study the internal structure of the source. Above 8 GHz new VLBI observations reveal a one-sided, slightly south-bending core-jet structure, with stationary and apparent superluminally-moving jet components. The observed velocities range from $6.3{-}16.8$ c. The jet components move on non-ballistic trajectories. In AGN, total flux density variations are often related to the emergence of new VLBI components. However, almost eleven years no new component was ejected in B 2005+403. A striking feature in the flux density variability is a trough observed at 5–37 GHz and between 1996 and 2001. This trough is more pronounced at higher frequencies, where it shows a prominent flux density decrease of ~$50{-}60$% on a time scale of $2{-}3$ yr. The trough can be explained as a blending effect of decreasing and increasing jet component fluxes. Densely time-sampled flux density monitoring observations with the 100 m Effelsberg telescope reveal an intra-day variability (IDV) at 1.6 GHz with a modulation index of $m=1.0$%. At 5 GHz less pronounced variations are seen ($m=0.5$%). This and a relatively short variability time scale of ~0.1 days imply a second, less dense or turbulent scattering screen at nearby (few to hundred parsec) distance.
Amelioration of the Interactive Dictionary of Arabic Language

Despite the recognition of the Arabic language by the United Nations and its active development, there are no powerful interactive dictionaries to accompany efficiently this development. In addition, most of the existing dictionaries require knowledge of morphological rules to get the meaning of words. We studied in this paper the “Interactive Dictionary of Arabic Language”. This is, in our knowledge, the only open source dictionary project that provides morphological information in addition to the meaning of the input Arabic word. By analyzing the dictionary, we noticed that it has a great weakness in the morphological analysis of the input word. Thus, we have improved the morphological analysis step by developing a module based on the lemma extraction step of the system “Al-Khalil 2”. In addition, we expanded the database with the words available in the “Almusotako$if” dictionary.
Innovative design of human pulse reappearance system

An innovative design of the pulse reappearance system is given based on TRIZ (Theory of the Solution of Inventive Problems) and TOC (Theory of Constraints). In the first, the present situation of the pulse reappearance system is introduced. Then, TOC is used to find the original system's contradictions, and the contradictions can be resolved by use of TRIZ inventive principles. Finally, a new design of pulse reappearance is formed. It can reproduce different kinds of pulse condition well and provide good supports for pulse diagnosis teaching. What's more, it makes the remote pulse condition diagnosis possible.
Linear time algorithm for isomorphism of planar graphs (Preliminary Report)

The isomorphism problem for graphs G1 and G2 is to determine if there exists a one-to-one mapping of the vertices of G1 onto the vertices of G2 such that two vertices of G1 are adjacent if and only if their images in G2 are adjacent. In addition to determining the existence of such an isomorphism, it is useful to be able to produce an isomorphism-inducing mapping in the case where one exists. The isomorphism problem for triconnected planar graphs is particularly simple since a triconnected planar graph has a unique embedding on a sphere [6]. Weinberg [5] exploited this fact in developing an algorithm for testing isomorphism of triconnected planar graphs in O(|V|2) time where V is the set consisting of the vertices of both graphs. The result has been extended to arbitrary planar graphs and improved to O(|V|log|V|) steps by Hopcroft and Tarjan [2,3]. In this paper, the time bound for planar graph isomorphism is improved to O(|V|). In addition to determining the isomorphism of two planar graphs, the algorithm can be easily extended to partition a set of planar graphs into equivalence classes of isomorphic graphs in time linear in the total number of vertices in all graphs in the set. A random access model of computation (see Cook [1]) is assumed. Although the proposed algorithm has a linear asymptotic growth rate, at the present stage of development it appears to be inefficient on account of a rather large constant. This paper is intended only to establish the existence of a linear algorithm which subsequent work might make truly efficient.
Relay Selection for Two-Way Relay Channels With MABC DF: A Diversity Perspective

We propose relay-selection techniques for a two-way relay channel, where two terminals simultaneously transmit to each other with the help of a relay. In particular, we focus on a multiple-access broadcast two-way relay channel with a decode-and-forward (DF) relaying policy, which is a main technique for bidirectional relay networks. Two main relay selection metrics, which depend on the instantaneous channel conditions and allow a single best relay to assist the bidirectional communication between the two end sources, are investigated. The first one is the conventional max-min technique, and the second one is the max-sum technique that maximizes the instantaneous sum rate. We prove that the max-min relay-selection policy extracts the maximum diversity gain and is a suitable selection scheme for the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, whereas the max-sum scheme is appropriate for low SNRs. An intelligent switching between max-min and max-sum is also proposed. The proposed schemes are analyzed in terms of outage probability and diversity gain and are validated via explicit theoretical and numerical results.
A Hardware / Software Codesign Methodology for Power-Aware Smart Cards *

Power and energy consumption is an essential design constraint for passive embedded mobile devices. These devices, e.g. smart cards, do not contain an integrated power supply and often provide only limited resources. Such devices can be designed with traditional methods due to their low complexity, but integrated HW/SW co-design methodologies enable the gain of system-level optimization. This paper presents the abstraction of smart card designs to optimize system architecture and memory system. Functiona-level, transactional-level, and cycle-accurate models are presented and discussed. The proposed design flow and results of the evaluation are depicted.
LUCY , a Bipedal Walking Robot with Pneumatic Artificial Muscles

This paper describes the biped Lucy and it’s control architecture that will be used. Lucy is actuated by Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles, which have a very high power to weight ratio and an inherent adaptable compliance. These characteristics will be used to make Lucy walk in a dynamically stable manner while exploiting the adaptable passive behavior of these muscles. The paper will focus briefly on the concept of the pleated pneumatic artificial muscle and antagonistic setup. The design and implementation of the pressure control unit will be discussed. A quasi-static global control has been implemented while using adapted PID techniques for the local feedback joint control. These initial control techniques resulted in the first movements of Lucy. This paper will discuss a future control architecture of Lucy to induce faster and smoother motion. The proposed control scheme is a combination of a global trajectory planner and a local low-level joint controller.
Knowledge Sharing via Social Login: Exploiting Microblogging Service for Warming up Social Question Answering Websites

Community Question Answering (CQA) websites such as Quora are widely used for users to get high quality answers. Users are the most important resource for CQA services, and the awareness of user expertise at early stage is critical to improve user experience and reduce churn rate. However, due to the lack of engagement, it is difficult to infer the expertise levels of newcomers. Despite that newcomers expose little expertise evidence in CQA services, they might have left footprints on external social media websites. Social login is a technical mechanism to unify multiple social identities on different sites corresponding to a single person entity. We utilize the social login as a bridge and leverage social media knowledge for improving user performance prediction in CQA services. In this paper, we construct a dataset of 20,742 users who have been linked across Zhihu (similar to Quora) and Sina Weibo. We perform extensive experiments including hypothesis test and real task evaluation. The results of hypothesis test indicate that both prestige and relevance knowledge on Weibo are correlated with user performance in Zhihu. The evaluation results suggest that the social media knowledge largely improves the performance when the available training data is not sufficient.
Ex-situ Bioremediation of U(VI) from Contaminated Mine Water Using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Strains

The ex-situ bioremoval of U(VI) from contaminated water using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain 8455 and 13538 was studied under a range of pH and uranium concentrations. The effect of pH on the growth of bacteria was evaluated across the range 1.5 – 4.5 pH units. The respiration rate of At. ferrooxidans at different U(VI) concentrations was quantified as a measure of the rate of metabolic activity over time using an oxygen electrode. The biosorption process was quantified using a uranyl nitrate solution, U-spiked growth media and U-contaminated mine water. The results showed that both strains of At. ferrooxidans are able to remove U(VI) from solution at pH 2.5 – 4.5, exhibiting a buffering capacity at pH 3.5. The respiration rate of the micro-organism was affected at U(VI) concentration of 30 mg L-1. The kinetics of the sorption fitted a pseudo-first order equation, and depended on the concentration of U(VI). The KD obtained from the biosorption experiments indicated that strain 8455 is more efficient for the removal of U(VI). A bioreactor designed to treat a solution of 100 mg U(VI) L-1 removed at least 50% of the U(VI) in water. The study demonstrated that At. ferrooxidans can be used for the ex-situ bioremediation of U(VI) contaminated mine water.
Generalized secure hash algorithm: SHA-X

This paper defines a generalized SHA algorithm based on the SHA family rules. The proposed algorithm accepts arbitrary length message as input to generate message digest with the required length. It contains the initial values, constant values, padding, parsing, as well as the generalized main body. Further, the proposed algorithm solves the Length-of-the-Hash-Value (LHV) problem that occurs when SHA-r cannot be expressed as r = mn uniquely.
Iris detection and extraction based on intgro-differential operator

Iris, as a biometric with the best performance in the stability, reliability and non-invasiveness, can obtain an even more high recognition rate than other biometrics, such as fingerprint, face and voice. However, it is difficult to extract iris features from an eye image. In this paper, we demonstrate a scheme for iris detection and extraction based on John Daugman's Integro-differential operator. Using original image gray histogram, the center coordinates is approximately estimated in the vertical and horizontal direction, then the inside edge of the iris is determined. After that, the outer edge of the iris is computed by using the area integero-differential operator. The Gabor filter is used to extract the features of the iris and the Hamming distance between two iris features is used for recognition. The design is provably effective through the experiment finally.
Language identification of individualwords in a multilingual automatic speech recognition system

This paper presents a new algorithm for identifying the language of words in a multilingual automatic speech recognition system. The new algorithm uses as input written words and it is composed of a method for language modelling and a method to select the language of a given word based on the available models. We also present two selection rules for the model's parameters. One of the rules uses a free parameter that controls the accuracy of the resulted model, as well as its size. On average, the classification accuracy of the new algorithm is above 70% for the first best and above 80% for the first two best.