Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A secondary care nursing perspective on medication administration safety.

AIM This paper is a report of a study to explore how nurses in a secondary care environment understand medication administration safety and the factors that contribute to, or undermine, safe practice during this process. BACKGROUND Medication safety is an important issue in which acute care nurses are actively involved on a daily basis. International research highlights that, despite attempts to maintain patient safety during this process, many errors are made. METHOD Data were collected in 2005 using three focus groups of nurses that formed part of a larger study examining organizational safety and medication administration from a nursing perspective. A narrative approach was employed to analyse the transcripts. FINDINGS Participants had good understandings of organizational culture in relation to medication safety and recognized the importance of effective multi-disciplinary teams in maintaining a safe environment for patients. Despite this, they acknowledged that not all systems work well, and offered a variety of ways to improve current medication practices. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the meaningful contribution nurses can make to patient safety and emphasize the importance of including the nursing voice in any quality improvement initiatives. Researchers must seek nurses' opinions on safe medication practice in order that medication safety can be improved. Local contexts may influence medication safety in ways that only nurses can identify. When addressing the issue of medication safety, it is important to focus nursing research on both the macro and the micro contexts.
Phylogeography and ecological niche modelling implicate coastal refugia and trans‐alpine dispersal of a New Zealand fungus beetle

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) severely restricted forest ecosystems on New Zealand’s South Island, but the extent of LGM distribution for forest species is still poorly understood. We used mitochondrial DNA phylogeography (COI) and ecological niche modelling (ENM) to identify LGM refugia for the mycophagous beetle Agyrtodes labralis (Leiodidae), a forest edge species widely distributed in the South Island. Both the phylogenetic analyses and the ENM indicate that A. labralis refuged in Kaikoura, Nelson, and along much of the South Island’s west coast. Phylogeography of this species indicates that recolonization of the largely deforested east and southeast South Island occurred in a west–east direction, with populations moving through the Southern Alps, and that the northern refugia participated little in interglacial population expansion. This contradicts published studies of other New Zealand species, in which recolonization occurs in a north–south fashion from many of the same refugia.
A new cascade ΣΔ modulator for low-voltage wideband applications

This letter presents a new cascade ΣΔ modulator architecture with unity signal transfer function that avoids the need of digital filtering in the error cancellation logic. The combination of these two aspects make it highly tolerant to noise leakages, very robust to non-linearities of the circuitry and especially suited for low-voltage implementations at low oversampling. Behavioral simulations are presented that demonstrate the higher efficiency of the proposed topology compared to existing cascades intended for wideband applications.
Diagnostic score for heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass

Summary. Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) occurs in nearly 3% of patients treated with heparin after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). HIT carries a risk of severe thrombotic complications, and must be diagnosed rapidly. To identify simple criteria for estimating the probability of HIT after CPB, we retrospectively analyzed the files of 84 patients with suspected HIT after CPB and we analyzed the usefulness of several variables collected at the time of HIT suspicion to estimate HIT probability. HIT was confirmed in 35 cases and ruled out in 49 cases, on the basis of a platelet increment after heparin withdrawal, detection of heparin‐dependent antibodies, and absence of other clear cause of thrombocytopenia. A biphasic platelet count from CPB to the first day of suspected HIT, an interval of ≥ 5 days from CPB to the first day of suspected HIT, and a CPB duration of ≤ 118 min were independent risk factors for HIT. These variables were combined to create a post‐CPB HIT probability score. The score correctly identified 34/35 HIT patients and 28/49‐non‐HIT patients. This score, which can be applied as soon as HIT is suspected after CPB, has very good negative predictive value (97%). Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
Dermatofibroma: Upregulation of Syndecan-1 Expression in Mesenchymal Tissue

Cell surface proteoglycans play a prominent role in tissue remodeling and homeostasis. Syndecans, their most prominent members, act by binding to growth factors and interstitial matrix molecules. They, thereby, modulate the effect of the primary ligand-receptor interaction at the cell membrane by increasing the affinity of cell-ligand interactions. Additionally, they influence the strength of cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. Syndecan-1 is the prototypical member of this family of proteins. Under physiological conditions, its expression is restricted to the epidermis, the outer root sheath of the anagen hair follicle, and the sweat gland epithelium. The dermal compartment—with the exception of the follicular papilla of the anagen hair follicle—physiologically does not express syndecan-1. Dermatofibromas are mesenchymal lesions, which often exhibit hyperplastic changes in the overlying epidermis. In analogy to the hair follicle, they, thereby, can be used as a model for studying epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. In the current study, we examined dermatofibromas immunohistochemically for syndecan-1 expression. We report immunoreactivity for syndecan-1 in dermatofibromas, which correlates mainly with the deposition of intercellular matrix material. Syndecan-1 is also noted in the stroma surrounding areas of basaloid hyperplasia overlying dermatofibromas and may be important in the pathogenesis of this inductive phenomenon. In analogy to the follicular papilla of the anagen hair follicle, the staining pattern for syndecan-1 in dermatofibromas indicates that this cell surface protein is produced by stromal cells and most likely serves an essential function in the growth of these common mesenchymal cutaneous lesions.
Shape Prior Segmentation of Medical Images using Particle Swarm Optimization

The image segmentation is the first and essential process in many medical applications. This process is traditionally performed by radiologists or medical specialists to manually trace the objects on each image. In almost all of these applications, the medical specialists have to access a large number of images which is a tedious and a time consuming process. On the other hand, the automatic segmentation is still challenging because of low image contrast and ill-defined boundaries. In this work, we propose a fully automated medical image segmentation framework. In this framework, the segmentation process is constrained by two prior models; a shape prior model and a texture prior model. The shape prior model is constructed from a set of manually segmented images using the principle component analysis (PCA) while the wavelet packet decomposition is utilized to extract the texture features. The fisher linear discriminate algorithm is employed to build the texture prior model from the set of texture features and to perform a preliminary segmentation. Furthermore, the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is used to refine the preliminary segmentation according to the shape prior model. In this work, we tested the proposed technique for the segmentation of the liver from abdominal CT scans and the obtained results show the efficiency of the proposed technique to accurately delineate the desired objects.
Investigation of power and frequency for 3D conformal MRI-controlled transurethral ultrasound therapy with a dual frequency multi-element transducer

Transurethral ultrasound therapy uses real-time magnetic resonance (MR) temperature feedback to enable the 3D control of thermal therapy accurately in a region within the prostate. Previous canine studies showed the feasibility of this method in vivo. The aim of this study was to reduce the procedure time, while maintaining targeting accuracy, by investigating new combinations of treatment parameters. Simulations and validation experiments in gel phantoms were used, with a collection of nine 3D realistic target prostate boundaries obtained from previous preclinical studies, where multi-slice MR images were acquired with the transurethral device in place. Acoustic power and rotation rate were varied based on temperature feedback at the prostate boundary. Maximum acoustic power and rotation rate were optimised interdependently, as a function of prostate radius and transducer operating frequency. The concept of dual frequency transducers was studied, using the fundamental frequency or the third harmonic component depending on the prostate radius. Numerical modelling enabled assessment of the effects of several acoustic parameters on treatment outcomes. The range of treatable prostate radii extended with increasing power, and tended to narrow with decreasing frequency. Reducing the frequency from 8 MHz to 4 MHz or increasing the surface acoustic power from 10 to 20 W/cm2 led to treatment times shorter by up to 50% under appropriate conditions. A dual frequency configuration of 4/12 MHz with 20 W/cm2 ultrasound intensity exposure can treat entire prostates up to 40 cm3 in volume within 30 min. The interdependence between power and frequency may, however, require integrating multi-parametric functions in the controller for future optimisations.
The Mcm Complex: Unwinding the Mechanism of a Replicative Helicase

SUMMARY The Mcm2-7 complex serves as the eukaryotic replicative helicase, the molecular motor that both unwinds duplex DNA and powers fork progression during DNA replication. Consistent with its central role in this process, much prior work has illustrated that Mcm2-7 loading and activation are landmark events in the regulation of DNA replication. Unlike any other hexameric helicase, Mcm2-7 is composed of six unique and essential subunits. Although the unusual oligomeric nature of this complex has long hampered biochemical investigations, recent advances with both the eukaryotic as well as the simpler archaeal Mcm complexes provide mechanistic insight into their function. In contrast to better-studied homohexameric helicases, evidence suggests that the six Mcm2-7 complex ATPase active sites are functionally distinct and are likely specialized to accommodate the regulatory constraints of the eukaryotic process.
Credal Sum-Product Networks

Sum-product networks are a relatively new and increasingly popular class of (precise) probabilistic graphical models that allow for marginal inference with polynomial effort. As with other probabilistic models, sum-product networks are often learned from data and used to perform classification. Hence, their results are prone to be unreliable and overconfident. In this work, we develop credal sum-product networks, an imprecise extension of sum-product networks. We present algorithms and complexity results for common inference tasks. We apply our algorithms on realistic classification task using images of digits and show that credal sum-product networks obtained by a perturbation of the parameters of learned sum-product networks are able to distinguish between reliable and unreliable classifications with high accuracy.
Primitive Recursive Bars Are Inductive

Using Martin Escardo's "effectful forcing" technique, we demonstrate the constructive validity of Brouwer's monotone Bar Theorem for any System T-definable bar. We have not assumed any non-constructive (Classical or Brouwerian) principles in this proof, and have carried out the entire development formally in the Agda proof assistant for Martin-Loef's Constructive Type Theory.
1.55-μm InP-InGaAsP Fabry-Perot lasers with integrated spot size converters using antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides

We demonstrate a new concept for InGaAsP-InP 1.55-/spl mu/m Fabry-Perot lasers integrated with spot size converters using type-A antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides. The fabrication of such devices allows to avoid the growth of thick layers of quaternary material with low Ga and As fraction, which are difficult to achieve and grow. Reduced far-field divergence angles (10/spl deg/ /spl times/ 27/spl deg/) and improved coupling to cleaved standard single-mode fibers (2.6-dB coupling loss) are achieved. The proposed device is compatible with conventional epitaxial techniques and lithographic methods.
Talking Appalachian: Voice, Identity, and Community

Tradition, community, and pride are fundamental aspects of the history of Appalachia, and the language of the region is a living testament to its rich heritage. Despite the persistence of unflattering stereotypes and cultural discrimination associated with their style of speech, Appalachians have organised to preserve regional dialects -- complex forms of English peppered with words, phrases, and pronunciations unique to the area and its people. Talking Appalachian examines these distinctive speech varieties and emphasises their role in expressing local history and promoting a shared identity. Beginning with a historical and geographical overview of the region that analyses the origins of its dialects, this volume features detailed research and local case studies investigating their use. The contributors explore a variety of subjects, including the success of African American Appalachian English and southern Appalachian English speakers in professional and corporate positions. In addition, editors Amy D. Clark and Nancy M. Hayward provide excerpts from essays, poetry, short fiction, and novels to illustrate usage. With contributions from well-known authors such as George Ella Lyon and Silas House, this balanced collection is the most comprehensive, accessible study of Appalachian language available today.
Ergonomic assessment of the surgeon's physical workload during standard and robotic assisted laparoscopic procedures

Standard laparoscopy is responsible for musculoskeletal problems because of surgeons anti‐ergonomic positions. Robot‐assisted laparoscopy seems to reduce these musculoskeletal disorders thanks to the surgeons seated position. The objective of this study is to evaluate the muscular strain and cognitive stress induced by these two techniques during real operations conducted on the pig.
Haematopoietic cell transplantation for acute leukaemia and advanced myelodysplastic syndrome in Fanconi anaemia

Acute leukaemia or advanced myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS ≥ 5% blasts) in Fanconi anaemia (FA) patients is associated with a poor prognosis. We report 21 FA patients with acute leukaemia or advanced MDS who underwent haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) at the University of Minnesota between 1988 and 2011. Six patients had biallelic BRCA2 mutations. Eight patients received pre‐transplant cytoreduction, with 3 achieving complete remission. HCT donor source included human leucocyte antigen‐matched sibling (n = 2) or alternative donors (n = 19). Neutrophil engraftment was 95% for the entire cohort, and the incidence of acute graft‐versus‐host disease was 19%. 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 33%, with a relapse rate of 24%, with similar OS in patients with biallelic BRCA2 mutations. Our study supports the use of HCT in the treatment of FA patients with acute leukaemia or advanced MDS, however, the role of chemotherapy prior to HCT remains unclear for this population. FA patients with biallelic BRCA2 are unique and may benefit from higher dose chemotherapy relative to other complementation groups.
Comparison of miRNA profiles of microdissected Hodgkin/Reed‐Sternberg cells and Hodgkin cell lines versus CD77+ B‐cells reveals a distinct subset of differentially expressed miRNAs

Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by the presence of malignant Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells. The scarcity of tumour cells in lymphoma biopsies has hampered genetic analyses of HRS cells, including microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling. We determined the expression of 360 miRNAs in microdissected HRS cells from nine cHL patients. These miRNA profiles were compared to those from four cHL cell lines and CD77+ B‐cells, yielding a distinct cHL signature of 12 over‐ and three underexpressed miRNAs. Our data suggest that miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma and prompt further investigations concerning their role in cHL.
Specific Effect of Guanidine in the Programming of Poliovirus Inhibition of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis

Inhibition of HeLa cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis, which occurred by the 4th to 5th hr after infection with poliovirus, could be blocked completely by guanidine only when it was present before the 2nd hr. At the 2nd hr, there was no significant ribonucleic acid (RNA)-replicase activity, and addition of guanidine inhibited all production of virus but allowed 57% of maximal DNA inhibition to develop. Maximum DNA inhibition developed in cells infected for 4 hr in the presence of guanidine when the guanidine was removed for a 10-min interval. RNA-replicase activity was not enzymatically detectable and viral multiplication did not develop in these cells unless the interval without guanidine was extended to 60 min. The interpretation of the data was that the effect of guanidine on viral-induced inhibition of DNA synthesis was distinct and not a consequence of the inhibition of RNA-replicase.
Health-related quality of life in patients with conversion disorder with seizures

Objective. The concept of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) is important for both the prevention and progress of psychiatric diseases. In the literature, we are aware that there are a few studies on HRQOL among patients with conversion disorder with seizure. Our aim is to measure the HRQOL in Turkey among patients with conversion disorder with seizure and to compare the quality of life of this study group to a healthy control group and to different types of epileptic patient groups. Methods. A total of 330 subjects was included in this study; 102 patients were included in the conversion disorder group, 121 patients were included in the epileptic group and 93 subjects were included in the healthy control group. WHOQOL-100 scale and Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) were administered to these groups. Results. HRQOL for the patients with conversion disorder was worse than the control group except for the environment and social relations domains. The generalized epilepsy patients had better physical and psychological health, compared with the patients with conversion disorder. Compared with the partial epilepsy group, HRQOL for the patients with conversion disorder was better in psychological, environmental, social relationship domains. Conclusion. Considering these disorders, patients with conversion disorder need long-term psychiatric treatment. Carrying out this study in our country will be an advantage for the cross-cultural studies which will be undertaken out in the future.
Development of specific and quantitative real‐time detection PCR and immunoassays for λ3‐interferon

Aim: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) around interferon (IFN)‐λ3 have been associated with the response to pegylated IFN‐α treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Specific quantification methods for IFN‐λ3 are required to facilitate clinical and basic study.
Fluorescence detection of nitric oxide in nitrogen.

An accurate, rapid, and simple technique is described for the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in standard reference mixtures of NO in N/sub 2/. It is based on the fluorescence intensity emitted by NO when it absorbs 213.8 nm radiation from a Zn discharge lamp. This intensity increases linearly with NO concentration in the 0.015-7 ppM range to within 1 percent error. The application of this method to detect NO and sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) in automotive exhausts is discussed. By the method described, fluorescence signals from several NO-in-air mixtures were measured. The responses were almost linear with concentration. Small amounts of SO/sub 2/ interfere with the detection, but this may be minimized by using a filter transmitting in the region of 230-300 nm, corresponding to the NO fluorescence spectrum. Because of large concentrations of quenching gases, mainly H/sub 2/O and carbon dioxide, in automobile exhausts, the fluorescence signal of NO would be considerably less than the signal from the same concentration of NO present in pure N/sub 2/. An equation is given to calculate this effect when the composition changes within a stated range. Diluting the exhaust gas 1:100 with N/sub 2/ provides an almost linear calibration curve formore » measuring NO in the range of 30-3,000 ppM. If the exhaust gas is diluted by air or O/sub 2/, and a filter transmitting light of wave lengths 300-420 nm is used, it is possible to measure SO/sub 2/. « less
A Virtual User Community: Cultural Backgrounds in the Design of an Internet-Based Service

The aim of the research work presented in this paper is to explore a virtual-user community's influence on the design of a new, multimedia-based Internet service. The virtual community considered here are the researchers and associated administrative staff who are working on, or managing, collaboration projects or common tasks in distant laboratories all over the world. The acceptance and the attitudes of the community were studied and applied in the design of a new service offered by the Virtual Conference Centre Portal VCCP-Global Plaza. In this study, the cultural backgrounds of the user community were considered and the findings are discussed. The studies were carried out with communities coming from three continents: Africa, South America and Europe. The paper gives a brief presentation of the VCCP's service facilities and an analysis of the results of the performed studies.
Semi-Automatic Example-Driven Linked Data Mapping Creation

Linked Data can be generated by applying mapping rules on existing (semi-)structured data. The manual creation of these rules involves a costly process for users. Therefore, (semi-)automatic approaches have been developed to assist users. Although, they provide promising results, in use cases where examples of the desired Linked Data are available they do not use the knowledge provided by these examples, resulting in Linked Data that might not be as desired. This in turn requires manual updates of the rules. These examples can in certain cases be easy to create and offer valuable knowledge relevant for the mapping process, such as which data corresponds to entities and attributes, how this data is annotated and modeled, and how different entities are linked to each other. In this paper, we introduce a semi-automatic approach to create rules based on examples for both the existing data and corresponding Linked Data. Furthermore, we made the approach available via the rmleditor, making it readily accessible for users through a graphical user interface. The proposed approach provides a first attempt to generate a complete Linked Dataset based on user-provided examples, by creating an initial set of rules for the users.