Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Presidential transitions during capital campaigns: Perspectives of chief development officers

Presidential Transitions During Capital Campaigns: Perspectives of Chief Development Officers by Kimberly Kay Nehls Dr. Bob Aekerman, Examination Committee Chair Associate Professor of Educational Leadership University of Nevada, Las Vegas In the past few decades, capital campaigns at institutions of higher education have increased in duration, while eollegiate presidential tenures have been doing just the opposite. Turnover in the top post was frequent, even during major fundraising campaigns. Prior to this study, presidential transitions during campaigns had not been previously analyzed. Therefore, the objective of this exploratory study was to better understand presidential transitions during capital campaigns from the perspective of the chief development officer (CDO) who maintained continuity. Nine CDOs who experienced presidential transitions during campaigns were interviewed to better understand their experience. The institutions represented were Florida State University, Millikin University, Muhlenberg College, University of Indianapolis, University of North Florida, University of Redlands, University of Wisconsin Whitewater, Villanova University, and Wake Forest University. Schlossberg’s theory of transition served as the theoretical framework for the study and formed the four research questions which reflected Schlossberg’s S’s: situation.
Urban unemployment in LDCs: towards a more general search model.

This article provides a review of some of the principal specification problems encountered in using models of unemployment to explain urban labor market imbalances in developing countries and includes a simple taxonomy of such models. Economic models used to explain urban unemployment in developing countries were in most cases not formulated specifically for the purpose. Demand deficiency models do not fit the observed characteristics of urban unemployment in several respects and neither demand deficiency technical lack of substitution nor economy-wide rigid wage models can explain why employed workers should offer or workers in excess supply prefer direct transfers to work-sharing arrangements a common observation in urban unemployment. Labor market segmentation models including the Harris-Todaro model are the only 1 of 5 categories of unemployment models that show how open unemployment offers the prospect of an economic return directly to the job seeker and thus provide a basis for explanation of open unemployment. The Harris-Todaro model suffers from some serious specification problems. It assumes only 1 or 2 urban wages and also that workers have certain knowledge of urban labor market conditions although a dispersion of wages for economically homogeneous workers and uncertain knowledge of market conditions are clearly more characteristic of conditions in developing countries. The article develops a model in which these assumptions of the Harris-Todaro and other simple segmentation models are dropped and a more general search model of unemployment is developed. It is then demonstrated that the Harris-Todaro model is a special case of the more general search model. The new model offers promise of directing empirical research more adequately than conventional models.
Evidence-Based Assessment of Conduct Disorder: Current Considerations and Preparation for DSM-5

This article provides a review of research on the etiological and developmental factors involved in child conduct problems broadly and conduct disorder (CD) specifically. The implications of this research for evidence-based assessment of CD are discussed, and an update to previous discussions of evidence-based assessment in anticipation of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is provided. Assessments of persons with CD must be guided by research which points to the heterogeneity within those with the disorder in terms of the severity of their behavioral problems and potential causal factors. Assessments must also recognize the importance of developmental onset for the conceptualization and planning of interventions. The discussion also centers on the relative advantages and disadvantages of different informants and tools in the assessment process for children with conduct problems.
Type IIA Procollagen Amino Propeptide Is Localized in Human Embryonic Tissues

Type II procollagen is synthesized in two forms generated by the alternative splicing of its precursor mRNA. The alternatively spliced domain, exon 2, encodes the 69-amino-acid cysteinerich region of the NH2 propeptide. Studies of mRNA expression have shown that the longer form, designated Type IIA procollagen, is synthesized by chondroprogenitor cells and various noncartilaginous tissues. The shorter form, Type IIB procollagen, is synthesized by differentiated chondrocytes. As the initial step in our investigations of the function of the Type IIA procollagen, the protein domain corresponding to exon 2 was created as a recombinant fusion protein and used to raise antibodies in rabbits. The resulting antiserum was specific for Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide as shown by ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescent co-localization with the triple-helical domain of Type II collagen. Type IIA procollagen was identified in tissue culture medium of 54-day human fetal ribs. Confocal microscopy was used to localize the Type IIA NH2 propeptide in Day 50 and 53 human embryos. In the digital rays of the developing hand, where only Type IIA procollagen mRNA was detected, Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was observed in the extracellular matrix. The presence of Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was observed in the cartilage of the developing long bones of the lower arm and vertebral bodies even though these tissues synthesize Type IIB mRNA at this developmental stage. Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide was localized in the developing trachea, a cartilage that does not undergo endochondral bone formation. Type IIA NH2 propeptide was also localized in noncartilaginous tissues known to synthesize Type IIA mRNA, such as the intervertebral area, perichondrium, notochordal sheath, and neuroepithelium of the otic vesicle. In most tissues, co-localization with antiserum against the triple-helical domain of Type II collagen was observed. Positive immunoreactivity with the Type IIA NH2 propeptide antiserum indicates, for the first time, that this propeptide is present in the tissue. Co-localization of NH2 propeptide antibodies with the triple-helical domain of the collagen molecule suggests that Type IIA procollagen is intact in the extracellular matrix of these tissues. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that around cells that synthesize Type IIA procollagen mRNA, Type IIA procollagen NH2 propeptide is secreted and deposited into the extracellular matrix. In light of these results, we predict that Type IIA procollagen plays a role in differentiation of tissues that augments its purely architectural function. (J Histochem Cytochem 45:1469–1480, 1997)
Brothers Indeed: Syria-Iran Quasi-alliance Revisited1

Abstract: It is universally acknowledged that while students of International Relations have probed deeply into alliance theory in the past half century, current literature in this field can hardly explain the informal mechanism for Syria-Iran Security Cooperation. To unravel the puzzle, this paper proposes a new hypothesis: Quasi-alliance. Based on an empirical study of Syria-Iran relations in the past three decades, it reveals that Quasi-alliance is a unique mode for security cooperation in international arena paralleling with formal alliance, and its security arrangement has unique logic, dynamics, mode of management and attributes. In the new framework of analysis, this paper considers the fundamental characteristics of Quasi-alliance formation, management, efficacy and prospect by focusing on the empirical study of the Syria-Iran Quasi-alliance from 1979 to 2009. The bilateral Quasi-alliance practice has undergone three stages of combating Iraqi aggression in the 1980s, curbing the Israel-Turkey Axis in 1990s and balancing the US-Israel coalition in the 21st century.
Information sharing as a safeguard against the opportunistic behavior of South African Karoo Lamb farmers

Misconduct in global meat supply chains are omnipresent and even more so in differentiated chains where credence attributes such as origin and taste are used to differentiate the product. By definition, these attributes signal asymmetric information which implies that in the presence of bounded rational individuals with conflicting interests, misconduct in the form of opportunistic behavior is bound to prevail. Increased information exchange through farmer networks is, however, expected to reduce opportunistic behavior. In the case of a differentiated meat product, such as Karoo Lamb, the paper studies the farmer-abattoir transaction with the purpose of recommending strategies that can be implemented to reduce the farmer's tendency to behave opportunistically. The paper employs the PLS approach to SEM and reveals a significant negative relationship between information shared and opportunistic behavior. The results indicate significant positive relationships between trust in the abattoir and information shared as well as between farmer networks and information shared. These results are indicative of the support provided to the information shared construct by higher levels of trust between farmers and abattoirs and established farmer networks. It is, therefore, recommended that differentiated meat supply chains, through their various associations, concentrate their efforts to promote information sharing by building stronger, trust centered relationships and by supporting farmer networks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Malate dehydrogenase in phototrophic purple bacteria: purification, molecular weight, and quaternary structure

The citric acid cycle enzyme malate dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from the nonsulfur purple bacteria Rhodobacter capsulatus, Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhodomicrobium vannielii, and Rhodocyclus purpureus. Malate dehydrogenase was purified from each species by either a single- or a two-step protocol: triazine dye affinity chromatography was the key step in purification of malate dehydrogenase in all cases. Purification of malate dehydrogenase resulted in a 130- to 240-fold increase in malate dehydrogenase specific activity, depending on the species, with recoveries ranging from 30 to 70%. Homogeneity of malate dehydrogenase preparations from the four organisms was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; a single protein band was observed in purified preparations by both techniques. The molecular weight of native malate dehydrogenases was determined by four independent methods and estimated to be in the range of 130,000 to 140,000 for the enzyme from R. capsulatus, R. rubrum, and R. vannielii and 57,000 for that from R. purpureus. It is concluded that malate dehydrogenase from R. capsulatus, R. rubrum, and R. vannielii is a tetramer composed of four identical subunits, while the enzyme from R. purpureus is a dimer composed of two identical subunits.
The Spiritual Framework of Coping through the Voices of Cancer Survivor Narratives

Gall et al. (2005) developed a framework for spirituality by adapting and applying the transactional model of stress and coping, which is an interactive and fluid process spurred by a stressor involving spiritual appraisal, person factors, spiritual connections, spiritual coping behavior, and meaning-making impacting well-being. The components of the framework are examined through five cancer survivor narratives. The results showed that the components of the framework were experienced by the survivors, for example, various spiritual problem-solving styles were used, indication of spiritual connections to nature, others, and the transcendent. Meaning-making was common as they faced the life-threatening disease which often altered their worldview. The spirituality of the participants is reflected in the spiritual framework and the framework embraces these survivor experiences. This study has limitations due to its qualitative nature and small sample size.
Non‐natural CBP2 binding peptides and peptomers modulate carcinoma cell adhesion and invasion

A combinatorial approach that utilized a repertoire of bacteriophage‐peptides has identified a number of non‐natural CBP2 binding peptides. Moreover, co‐localization of some of these peptides with CBP2 in a number of tumor cell lines demonstrated that the peptides were directed to an intracellular location spatially coincident with the normal distribution of CBP2 [Sauk et al., 2000 ]. From among these sequences WHYPWFQNWAMA and LDSRYSLQAAMY were the most effective CBP2 binding peptides and best fulfilled the combinatorial motif containing deep hydrophobic pockets. When the hydropathic profiles of collagen α1(IV) and α2 (IV) were compared with these dodecapeptides, the hydropathic profiles of WHYPWFQNWAMA and LDSRYSLQAAMY closely matched those of α1(IV) 414–452 and α1(IV)531–543. These peptides were shown to be functional peptidomimics and possessed the ability to alter cell adhesion and invasion of human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Peptomers were formed of these non‐natural peptides to explore the role that a repetitive peptide may have on cell adhesion. The enhanced cell adhesion observed with the peptomers required both CBP2 antibodies and integrin antibodies for inhibition. The enhanced adhesion observed even in the face of combined antibody inhibition was consistent with such complexes possessing correspondingly slower dissociation rates. Thus, suggesting that peptomers may function in a like manner to multimeric peptide MHC complexes (tetramers) binding more than one cell receptor on a specific cell. These findings evoke both peptidomimics of native ligands and their peptomers as potential reagents by which to target tumor cells for chemotherapy, imaging, or retargeting viral vectors for gene therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 82: 145–154, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of ZAR1 and SFRP4 methylation status as potentials biomarkers for diagnosis in cervical cancer: exploratory study phase I

Abstract Context: Aberrant hypermethylation of promoter region of tumor suppressor genes could be used as cancer biomarkers. Objective: To test methylation status of ZAR1 and SFRP4 promoter regions as potentials biomarkers for diagnosis of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of cervix. Materials and methods: Cytobrush samples were evaluated by Methylation specific PCR (MSP) and quantitative MSP (qMSP). Results: ZAR1 and SFRP4 methylation frequency increased as the grade of lesion increased and the differences between normal and cervical cancer (CC) are statistically significant (p < 0.0001). qMSP showed higher ZAR1 and SFRP4 methylation levels in cancer than normal epithelia (p < 0.001) and preneoplastics lesions (p < 0.01). Discussion: qMSP quantify methylation levels and have high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: ZAR1 and SFRP4 qMSP could be used as potential biomarker for CC diagnosis.
Can Trend Inflation Solve the Delayed Overshooting Puzzle?

We develop an open economy New Keynesian model with heterogeneity in price stickiness and positive trend inflation. The main insight of our analysis is that, in the presence of heterogeneity in price stickiness, there is a strong link between trend inflation and the timing of the peak response of the real exchange rate to a monetary policy shock. Without trend inflation, the real exchange rate peaks almost immediately. With trend inflation set at historical values, the peak occurs at around 2 years. Delayed overshooting is a consequence of the interaction between heterogeneity in price stickiness and trend inflation.
Power Grid Vulnerability Identifying Based on Complex Network Theory

The frequent occurrence of power grid blackouts draws more and more attention on the mechanism of cascading failure and the vulnerability of power grid. In order to analyze the problem existed in the power grid and provide useful reference for power grid maintenance, a power grid vulnerability identifying method based on complex network theory is proposed in this paper. The weighted topological model of power grid is constructed firstly. Then the important network parameters are analyzed and the spread mechanism of cascading failure in large-scale power grid is researched. At last, the vulnerability of power grid can be obtained by the computing of network efficiency and damage index. In the simulation, the IEEE 57-bus test system is used as the example. The topological feature of the system is obtained by the static frame analysis, and the vulnerability of power grid is identified by the network topological feature and dynamic frame analysis. The result validates the method proposed in this paper is effective.
Should bankers be concerned with Intellectual capital? A study of the Thai banking sector

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal effect of intellectual capital (IC) performance on financial performance at Thai listed banks. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected from 16 listed banks in Thailand for the period 1997–2016. This paper uses the value-added intellectual coefficient methodology suggested by Pulic (1998, 2004) to measure IC. This study employs a fixed-effects and random-effects model and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator to investigate the causal effect of IC on financial performance. Findings The results show that bank profitability is driven mainly by capital employed efficiency to make a profit. However, human capital efficiency marginally reduces bank profitability in the current period but has positive effects on future profitability. Research limitations/implications First, this study does not cover data on foreign banks, which reduces the generalizability of the results. Second, financial statements can be manipulated through accounting adjustments. Lastly, subsequent research should control for more bank characteristics, such as bank ownership, the non-performing loan ratio and R&D expenditure. Practical implications To achieve higher future profitability, banks should not only manage their physical and financial capital effectively but also improve employee efficiency. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature on IC in the banking sector in emerging countries. Moreover, this paper is the first to employ the GMM method in the banking context to address possible endogeneity problems.
Microbial Diversity and Putative Diazotrophy in High- and Low-Microbial-Abundance Mediterranean Sponges

ABSTRACT Microbial communities associated with marine sponges carry out nutrient transformations essential for benthic-pelagic coupling; however, knowledge about their composition and function is still sparse. We evaluated the richness and diversity of prokaryotic assemblages associated with three high-microbial-abundance (HMA) and three low-microbial-abundance (LMA) sympatric Mediterranean sponges to address their stability and uniqueness. Moreover, to examine functionality and because an imbalance between nitrogen ingestion and excretion has been observed for some of these species, we sequenced nitrogenase genes (nifH) and measured N2 fixation. The prokaryotic communities in the two sponge types did not differ in terms of richness, but the highest diversity was found in HMA sponges. Moreover, the discrete composition of the communities in the two sponge types relative to that in the surrounding seawater indicated that horizontal transmission and vertical transmission affect the microbiomes associated with the two sponge categories. nifH genes were found in all LMA species and sporadically in one HMA species, and about half of the nifH gene sequences were common between the different sponge species and were also found in the surrounding water, suggesting horizontal transmission. 15N2-enriched incubations showed that N2 fixation was measurable in the water but was not associated with the sponges. Also, the analysis of the isotopic ratio of 15N to 14N in sponge tissue indicated that N2 fixation is not an important source of nitrogen in these Mediterranean sponges. Overall, our results suggest that compositional and functional features differ between the prokaryotic communities associated with HMA and LMA sponges, which may affect sponge ecology.
Syntactic role identification of mathematical expressions

This paper presents a prediction algorithm to infer the syntactic role (SR) of mathematical expressions (ME), or SRme, in ME-plaintext mixed sentences. SRme is a predicted syntax label of ME, which could be integrated into any constituent parser to improve their accuracy in sentence parsing. SRME is based upon three features of ME placement in a sentence: properness of Sentence structure (feature F3), properties of ME (feature F2), and PoS of the Local neighbor plain text (feature F1). An inside-outside inspired algorithm is proposed for SRME by maximizing the probability of a relaxed parsing tree. Features in F2 was found to fit into both exponential and Poisson distributions, which could fuse with other features to re-weight the prediction rule that improves the prediction precision for SRme as a noun phrase (noun modifier) by 3.6% (18.7%). F1, F2, and F3 were found to complement each other. Significant discriminative patterns on the part-of-speech (PoS) of the neighbor plaintext are adopted to build a Naïve Bayesian classifier, which is fused with the F3 baseline that improved the precision of the prediction of SRme as a sentence by 10%. The overall error rate of the SRME prediction algorithm was found to be 15.1% based on an experiment using a public ME-plaintext mixed parsing tree data set provided by Elsevier.
Expression and localization of angiogenic inhibitory factor, chondromodulin-I, in adult rat eye.

PURPOSE To determine the role in the eye of chondromodulin (ChM)-I, which has been identified in cartilage as an angiogenic inhibitor, the expression and localization and a possible function of ChM-I were investigated. METHODS Expression and localization of ChM-I in rat eyes were examined by RNase protection assay and in situ hybridization and by immunostaining, using an antibody against a synthetic peptide. The effect of recombinant ChM-I on tube morphogenesis of retinal endothelial cells was examined in culture. RESULTS The rat ChM-I gene was determined to encode the open reading frame of 334 amino acid residues, and ChM-I mRNA was exclusively expressed in cartilage, eye, and cerebellum in rats. ChM-I mRNA expression was evident in the iris-ciliary body, retina, and scleral compartments, but not in other compartments of the eye. In situ hybridization revealed mRNA expression in the ganglion cells, inner nuclear layer cells, and pigment epithelium in the retina and in the nonpigment epithelium of the ciliary body. Immunoreactive ChM-I was present in these cells and also in the vitreous body. Western blot analysis detected an approximately 25-kDa band of ChM-I presumed as a secretory form in the aqueous humor and vitreous body and an approximately 37-kDa band as a precursor form in the retina. Recombinant human ChM-I inhibited tube morphogenesis of human retinal endothelial cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate a potential role for ChM-I in inhibition of angiogenesis in the rat eye.