Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Series of Multilinked Caterpillar Track‐type Climbing Robots

Climbing robots have been widely applied in many industries involving hard to access, dangerous, or hazardous environments to replace human workers. Climbing speed, payload capacity, the ability to overcome obstacles, and wall‐to‐wall transitioning are significant characteristics of climbing robots. Here, multilinked track wheel‐type climbing robots are proposed to enhance these characteristics. The robots have been developed for five years in collaboration with three universities: Seoul National University, Carnegie Mellon University, and Yeungnam University. Four types of robots are presented for different applications with different surface attachment methods and mechanisms: MultiTank for indoor sites, Flexible caterpillar robot (FCR) and Combot for heavy industrial sites, and MultiTrack for high‐rise buildings. The method of surface attachment is different for each robot and application, and the characteristics of the joints between links are designed as active or passive according to the requirement of a given robot. Conceptual design, practical design, and control issues of such climbing robot types are reported, and a proper choice of the attachment methods and joint type is essential for the successful multilink track wheel‐type climbing robot for different surface materials, robot size, and computational costs.
Prepulse inhibition in fragile X syndrome: Feasibility, reliability, and implications for treatment

Pharmacological rescue of behavioral, cognitive and synaptic abnormalities in the animal models of fragile X syndrome (FXS) has prompted the initiation of clinical trials of targeted treatments in humans with this condition. Objective, well‐validated outcome measures that are reflective of FXS deficits and can be modeled similarly in animal and human studies are urgently needed. A protocol measuring prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, including measures of test–retest stability, was evaluated in 61 individuals with the fragile X full mutation (40 males and 21 females; 19.18 ± 7.18 years) and 63 age‐matched normal controls (35 males and 28 females; 20.83 ± 6.96 years) across two laboratory sites with identical equipment and protocols. Relative to controls, the fragile X group had PPI impairment of 26%, 22%, and 28% for 60, 120, and 240 ms prepulse interval trial types, respectively, P = 0.000002. PPI test–retest reliability in 29 of the participants was excellent for the 120 ms prepulse interval trials (intraclass correlations: FXS, 0.85; controls, 0.88, 0.89 overall). This study demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of PPI measurement in a developmentally disabled population and highlights its potential as an outcome measure to test the efficacy of targeted neurotherapeutic agents. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Approches simultanées et séquentielles de la mise en correspondance par propagation

La mise en correspondance de pixels est une etape importante de la reconstruction 3D. Parmi les methodes existantes, nous nous interessons plus particulierement a celles par propagation de germes qui s'appuient sur un ensemble d'appariements fiables (germes). Le principe utilise pour la propagation est que le correspondant d'un voisin d'un germe est recherche au voisinage du correspondant de ce germe. Il existe deux types d'approches pour ces methodes : l'approche sequentielle et l'approche simultanee. Dans cet article, nous proposons un etat de l'art de ces methodes ainsi qu'une amelioration de l'approche simultanee. Notre methode se deroule en deux phases faisant intervenir deux mesures de correlation dont une est robuste aux occultations dans les zones proches des discontinuites de profondeur. Nous proposons egalement une etude comparative des differentes approches.
Detection of thirty novel FBN1 mutations in patients with Marfan syndrome or a related fibrillinopathy

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a disorder of the extracellular matrix caused by mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin‐1 (FBN1). Recent studies have illustrated the variability in disease severity and clinical manifestations of MFS. Useful genotype‐phenotype correlations have been slow to emerge. We screened 57 unrelated patients with MFS or a Marfan‐like phenotype using a combination of SSCP and/or DHPLC. We detected 49 different FBN1 mutations, 30 (62%) of which were novel. The mutations comprised 38 substitutions (78%), 10 deletions (20%), and one duplication (2%). There were 28 missense (57%), nine frameshift (18%), eight splice site (16%), and four nonsense mutations (8 %). Genotype‐phenotype analysis revealed that patients with an identified FBN1 mutation were more likely to have ectopia lentis and cardiovascular complications compared to those without an identifiable mutation (relative risks of 4.6 and 1.9, respectively). Ectopia lentis was also found to be more prevalent in patients whose mutations involved a cysteine substitution (relative risk 1.6) and less prevalent in those with premature termination mutations (relative risk 0.4). In our hands, we achieved 93% mutation detection for DHPLC analysis of patients who fulfilled the Ghent criteria. Further analysis of detailed clinical information and mutation data may help to anticipate the clinical consequences of specific FBN1 mutations. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neutralization of IL-9 Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Decreasing the Effector T Cell Population

Multiple sclerosis is a CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune disease affecting the CNS. Multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), have been thought to be Th1-mediated diseases. However, recent studies provide strong evidence that the major pathogenic T cell subsets in EAE are Th17 cells. IL-9, a hematopoietic growth factor, is considered to be a mediator of Th17 cells, but the precise mechanisms of its action are largely unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the role of IL-9 in autoimmune demyelination. IL-9 blockade with anti–IL-9 mAb inhibited the development of EAE, reduced the serum levels of IL-17, the CNS mRNA expression of IL-17, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, and the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced IL-17, IFN-γ secretion of lymphocytes. Furthermore, anti–IL-9 mAb in culture suppressed IL-17 production of MOG-reactive T cells and their potency in adoptive transfer EAE. These findings indicate that the protective effect of IL-9 blockade in EAE was likely mediated via inhibition of the development of MOG peptide-specific T cells, which in turn led to reduced infiltration of T cells into the CNS. Thus, anti–IL-9 mAb treatment may provide an effective therapeutic strategy against autoimmune diseases.
Constructing Secure-channel Free Searchable Encryption from Anonymous IBE with Partitioned Ciphertext Structure

As an extension of public key encryption with keyword search (PEKS), secure channel free PEKS (SCFPEKS) has been considered. Generic construction of SCF-PEKS (with adaptive security) from strongly existentially unforgeable one-time signature, selective-tag CCA secure tag-based encryption (TBE) and anonymous identity-based encryption (IBE) has been proposed in ISC2011. Since this construction follows the double encryption, where a ciphertext of anonymous IBE is encrypted by TBE, hybrid encryption is applied because usually the ciphertext space of IBE is not equal to the plaintext space of TBE. In this paper, we show that hybrid encryption is not necessary as long as previously-known anonymous IBE schemes are used as a building tool of adaptive SCF-PEKS. Our result leads to a composability of IBE schemes whether they can be applied for constructing adaptive SCF-PEKS or not. Moreover, since we can exclude DEM part, our construction is efficient compared to the original one.
Multigene Classifiers, Prognostic Factors, and Predictors of Breast Cancer Clinical Outcome

A series of multigene classifiers, prognostic and predictive tests have recently been introduced as potentially useful adjuncts for the management of recently diagnosed breast cancer patients. These tests have used both slide-based methods including immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization and nonmorphology driven molecular platforms including quantitative multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction and genomic microarray profiling. In this review, a series of partially and completely commercialized multigene assays are compared with the standard breast cancer clinico-pathologic variables and biomarkers and evaluated as to the level of their scientific validation, current clinical utility, regulatory approval status, and estimated cost-benefit. A comparison of the Oncotype Dx and MammaPrint assays indicates that the Oncotype Dx test has the advantages of an earlier commercial launch in the US, wide acceptance for payment by third party payors, the ease of use of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues, a recommendation as ready for use by the American Society of Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer Tumor Markers Update Committee, a continuous rather than dichotomous algorithm, inclusion of both estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in the mRNA profile, an ability to serve as both a prognostic and predictive test for certain hormonal and chemotherapeutic agents, demonstrated cost-effectiveness in 1 published study, and a high accrual rate for the prospective validation clinical trial (Trial Assigning Individualized Options for Treatment Rx). The MammaPrint assay has the advantages of a 510(k) clearance by the US Food and Drug Administration, a larger gene number which may enhance further utility, and the potentially wider patient eligibility including lymph node-positive, ER-negative, and younger patients being accrued into the prospective trial (the Microarray in Node-negative Disease may Avoid ChemoTherapy). A number of other assays have specific predictive goals most often focused on the efficacy of tamoxifen in ER-positive patients such as the Two-gene Ratio test and the Cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 genotyping assay.
Le langage commun de la perception et de l'action dans la communication parlée : une perspective neurocognitive

Comment parvient-on a traiter le signal de parole pour extraire les invariants phonologiques et decoder l'information linguistique ? Plus de 50 ans apres l'apparition de la theorie motrice de la perception de la parole, la mise en evidence des " neurones miroir " remet en cause l'idee d'une perception de parole purement auditive, suggere que le systeme moteur pourrait jouer un role dans la comprehension du langage, et a tout le moins impose de repenser les relations entre perception et action dans la communication parlee. L'objectif de ce chapitre est, aux vues de la litterature recente - ou moins recente , de tenter de mieux cerner ce que pourrait etre un "langage commun de la perception et de l'action".
Disulfiram Treatment of Alcoholism

To the Editor. — It is good to have further confirmation that disulfiram reduces drinking in alcoholic men, but it is a pity, to put it mildly, that Dr Fuller and his coauthors 1 put so much effort into a clinical trial seemingly designed to minimize its therapeutic potential. The reason for their failure to demonstrate the impressive and specific treatment effects shown by other investigators cited in their article is their apparent belief that simply giving patients a bottle of disulfiram and hoping they will take it regularly represents sound, conventional practice. This is certainly not the case in Denmark or in Britain, where "it is becoming more frequent for the doctor to suggest that a third person supervise the Antabuse. a relative or someone at work," 2 and promotional literature has recommended supervised administration for several years. Conventional double-blind trials are not the only objective method of comparing treatments
Forage and Grain Yield Response to Applied Sulfur in Winter Wheat as Influenced by Source and Rate

ABSTRACT Recently, environmental quality issues related to sulfur (S) have made it necessary to reduce its release into the atmosphere in wet or dry forms, which in turn might influence the S requirement of crops. It is anticipated that by 2020, S deposition will decrease by up to 30% in eastern portions of Oklahoma and by 15% throughout the remainder of the state. This change calls for frequent monitoring and evaluation of S nutrition in wheat and other crops. Experiments were conducted at Hennessey and Perkins research stations for a period of seven years starting in the fall of 1996, with the objective of assessing the effect of different levels of elemental and sulfate-S fertilizers on the grain and forage yields of winter wheat in Oklahoma. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Four S rates, 0, 56, 112, and 224 kg S ha− 1, were applied to the plots from 1996 to 2002 as CaSO4. Another two rates, 56 and 112 kg S ha− 1, were included in the trials beginning in 1998 using 92% elemental S. Gypsum, as a source of S for winter wheat, resulted in a greater yield than did elemental S in cases where S fertilizer sources were deemed significant. In six of 14 trials from 1996 to 2002, applied S as CaSO4 significantly increased wheat-grain yields. Observing significant grain and forage yield increases due to applied S was important, but the response was sporadic and unpredictable from one year to the next.
Knowledge discovery based on statistics of MDI Magnetogram

Solar flare is one of the most powerful activities, which plays a very important role in daily life and space weather, so it is meaningful to predict solar flare accurately. Now expert system is also the main prediction method, for the nature mechanism of solar flare is unclearly, so prediction is often inaccurate. As the increasing of human expectation to discover the outer space, more and more satellites were sent, especially around the sun, so the number of solar daily observed images is more than 1 TBs and with a very high resolution, so it is particularly important to search solar activities from image information. 11 years of SOHO/MDI Magnetograms are selected which contain more than 70 thousands samples. 35 image features are extracted, three of them are usually used by physicists and others are information from image. Three evaluation methods are used to measure the single feature performance and their relationships, which imply that: 1.Length of neutral line is the most powerful predictor; 2. Predictors of morphology evolution of active regions are all very useful and better than the maximum horizontal gradient which physicists used, but with the analysis of relationships between each other, they all have very strong correlation; 3. Although magnetic field distorted portrayals are less power with solar flare, it play very good quality information complementary with the other better features. Through the statistics of large-scale samples, the relationship of solar image features is more clearly and a more comprehensive collation result of relationship between active region and solar flare is got.
Enhanced vector diagrams for illustrating elementary mechanics

This work in progress study presents a syntactic-level analysis of gestures in communication through annotated line graphs in time domain. As distinct from the gesture analysis at discourse level, the syntactic gesture analysis is based on solely physical properties of the gestures, such as direction, size or position. The results revealed strong relationship between gestures, verbal descriptions and graphical annotations.
Coupling of numerical methods for the forward problem in Magneto- and Electro-Encephalography. (Couplage de méthodes numériques pour le problème direct en Magnéto- et Électro-Encéphalographie)

Electro- and Magneto-Encephalography are precious tools for studying brain activity, notably due to their time resolution and their non invasive nature. Acquisitions are done on the exterior of the head (scalp electrodes for EEG, and magnetometers for MEG); in order to recover the sources responsible of the measured signal, an inverse problem must be solved, for which accurate solutions of the forward problem must be available. This requires a good modeling of the head tissues, and an appropriate representation of this electrophysiological model within numerical methods such as the BEM or FEM. In this thesis we focus on this dual problem of modeling and numerical resolution, notably to handle the skull region which must often be considered anisotropic or highly inhomogeneous in clinical applications, and for the white matter anisotropy which surrounds the sources in the brain. In this thesis we first see the common numerical solvers for solving the forward problem, and expose their strengths and weaknesses. Then, a dual point of view for solving the forward problem using any numerical method is exposed; which is the adjoint method of our forward problem. Its application within a BEM framework is given. Later using a domain decomposition (DD) framework, we present different coupling procedures of the main methods BEM and FEM, in order to get both methods advantages regarding the resolution of the forward problem (notably for handling the skull). This is done within a DD framework, which appears to be interesting in many points. Finally, we propose a new method for dealing with locally anisotropic or inhomogeneous conductivities using a BEM.
Enhanced Video Super Resolution System using Group-based Optimized Filter-set via Shallow Convolutional Neural Network for Super-Resolution

Scaling up video resolution has conventionally been achieved via linear interpolation, however this method occasionally introduces blurring to the output. Superresolution (SR), an approach to preserve image quality in enlarged still images, has been exploited as a substitute for linear interpolation, however, the output at times exhibits image qualities worse than what linear interpolation produces primarily because the initial goal of SR is preservation of image quality when a still image is enlarged. In this context, this paper proposes a fast-performance adaptive system for scaling-up other resolutions like X2X3 or X3X2 by (1) first grouping frames that would use similar filter sets (2) then conducting fine-tuning of shallow CNN for SR on each frame group. Filter sets fine-tuned for each group resulted in significantly improved PSNR over either linear interpolation or conventional SR in our experiment. In the fine-tuning stage for each group, 0.5K to 2.5K iterations were sufficient to improve PSNR by 10%. By fine-tuning instead of performing full training, the number of sufficient iterations was reduced from 300K to mere 0.5K to 2.5K. Keywords-video resolution Scaling up; convolutional neural network; shot change detection; gradual transition detection; deep learning; fine tuning; super resolution; CNN;
Apocalmodulin Binds to the Myosin Light Chain Kinase Calmodulin Target Site*

The interaction of a 20-residue-long peptide derived from the calmodulin-binding domain of the smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase with calcium-free calmodulin (apocalmodulin) was studied using a combination of isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. We showed that: (i) a significant binding between apocalmodulin and the target peptide (RS20) exists in the absence of salt (K a = 106 m −1), (ii) the peptide interacts with the C-terminal lobe of calmodulin and adopts a partly helical conformation, and (iii) the presence of salt weakens the affinity of the peptide for apocalmodulin, emphasizing the importance of electrostatic interactions in the complex. Based on these results and taking into account the work of Bayley et al. (Bayley, P. M., Findlay, W.A., and Martin, S. R. (1996) Protein Sci. 5, 1215–1228), we suggest a physiological role for apocalmodulin.
Théorie des liquides et verres en dimension infinie

La dynamique des liquides, consideres comme des systemes de particules classiques fortement couplees, reste un domaine ou les descriptions theoriques sont limitees. Pour l’instant, il n’existe pas de theorie microscopique partant des premiers principes et recourant a des approximations controlees. Thermodynamiquement, les proprietes statiques d’equilibre sont bien comprises dans les liquides simples, a condition d’etre loin du regime vitreux. Dans cette these, nous resolvons, en partant des equations microscopiques du mouvement, la dynamique des liquides et verres en exploitant la limite de dimension spatiale infinie, qui fournit une approximation de champ moyen bien definie. En parallele, nous retrouvons leur thermodynamique a travers une analogie entre la dynamique et la statique. Cela donne un point de vue a la fois unificateur et coherent du diagramme de phase de ces systemes. Nous montrons que cette solution de champ moyen au probleme de la transition vitreuse est un exemple du scenario de transition de premier ordre aleatoire (RFOT), comme conjecture il y a maintenant trente ans, sur la base des solutions des modeles de verres de spin en champ moyen. Ces resultats nous permettent de montrer qu’une invariance d’echelle approchee du systeme, pertinente pour les experiences et les simulations en dimension finie, devient exacte dans cette limite.
Vicariance or dispersal? Historical biogeography of three Sunda shelf murine rodents (Maxomys surifer, Leopoldamys sabanus and Maxomys whiteheadi)

The Sunda region of south-east Asia comprises the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Java, Sumatra and Borneo, all of which lie on a shallow continental shelf projecting from Indochina. Pleistocene glacial cycles caused sea levels to drop repeatedly, exposing vast areas of the Sunda shelf and creating land bridges among the islands and mainland. These land bridges, the latest of which connected all three of the major Sunda islands to the Malay Peninsula as recently as 9500 years ago, may have enabled mammalian migrations across the Sunda shelf. Pleistocene land bridges on the Sunda shelf have been invoked to explain the current distributions of mammalian taxa occupying ranges corresponding with the Pleistocene limits of land and the appearance of new mammal species in the Pleistocene fossil record. The ability of mammals to move throughout the exposed shelf during periods of low sea level would, however, have been influenced by topographic and ecological features, which have been variously described as savanna-like or as moist tropical rain forest. Using a phylogeographical approach, we test the hypothesis that Pleistocene land bridges enabled widespread movements in three rain-forest-restricted murine rodents of the Sunda shelf: Maxomys surifer, Leopoldamys sabanus and Maxomys whiteheadi. Our results do not support the hypothesis of broad Pleistocene migrations in these taxa, but instead suggest a deep history of vicariant evolution that may correspond with the Pliocene fragmentation of the Sunda block. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2004, 81, 91–109.
Robust clock tree using single-well cells for multi-VT 28nm UTBB FD-SOI digital circuits

The 28nm UTBB FD-SOI design platform enables multi-VT standard cells co-integration with independent back biases (BB). In this paper, we propose a new clock-tree cell to build a robust clock tree isolated from the various BB of the different Vt regions, showing better propagation and transition times balancing (2.5x), and a drastic skew reduction (5x at 0.4V) compared to a conventional clock tree.
Influence of the shoot density of Halodule wrightii Ascherson from rocky and sandy habitats on associated macroalgal communities

on the composition of the associated algal community, in rocky and sandy habitats on the coast of Ceara in northeastern Brazil. The phycological community included 18 species in 10 families, members of Rodophyta (72.2%), Chlorophyta (22.2%) and Phaeophyceae (5.5%). The largest proportion were epilithic (50%), followed by epiphytes on