Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear Transport of Granzyme B (Fragmentin-2)

Cytotoxic T and natural killer cells are able to kill their target cells through synergistic action of the pore-forming protein perforin and the serine protease granzyme B, resulting in very distinctive nuclear changes typical of apoptosis. Whereas perforin acts at the membrane, granzyme B appears to be both capable of entering the cytoplasm of target cells and accumulating in isolated nuclei. In this study we examine nuclear transport of fluoresceinated granzyme B both in vivo in intact cells in the presence of perforin and in vitro in semi-permeabilized cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Granzyme B alone was observed to enter the cytoplasm of intact cells but did not accumulate in nuclei. In the presence of sublytic concentrations of perforin, however, it accumulated strongly in intact cell nuclei to levels maximally about 1.5 times those in the cytoplasm after about 2.5 h. In vitro nuclear transport assays showed maximal levels of nuclear and nucleolar accumulation of granzyme B of about 2.5- and 3-fold those in the cytoplasm. In contrast to signal-dependent nuclear accumulation of SV40 large tumor antigen (T-Ag) fusion proteins in vitro, nuclear/nucleolar import of granzyme B was independent of ATP and not inhibitable by the non-hydrolyzable GTP analog GTPγS (guanosine 5′-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)). Similar to T-Ag fusion proteins, however, granzyme B nuclear and nucleolar accumulation was dependent on exogenously added cytosol. Specific inhibitors of granzyme B protease activity had no effect on nuclear/nucleolar accumulation, implying that proteolytic activity was not essential for nuclear targeting. The results imply that granzyme B (32 kDa) may be transported from the cytoplasm to the nucleus through passive diffusion and accumulate by binding to nuclear/nucleolar factors in a cytosolic factor-mediated process. Active and passive nuclear transport properties were normal in the presence of unlabeled granzyme B, implying that the nuclear envelope and pore complex are not granzyme B substrates.
Severe Legionnaire's disease caused by Legionella longbeachae in a long‐term renal transplant patient: the importance of safe living strategies after transplantation

Legionella species are intracellular gram‐negative bacilli that require specific culture media for growth. Transplant recipients with impaired cellular immunity are at particular risk for infection with this pathogen. Most human disease is caused by Legionella pneumophila; disease caused by non‐L. pneumophila species is reported mainly in immunosuppressed patients with the exception of Legionella longbeachae. L. longbeachae is a common cause of Legionnaires' disease in Australia and New Zealand, and is associated with exposure to potting soil. We report the case of a patient, 26 years post kidney transplant, who presented with severe and rapidly progressive respiratory illness. L. longbeachae serogroup 1 was isolated from respiratory cultures. Further investigation revealed that she had significant soil exposure before the onset of illness. We highlight the importance of following safe living strategies to prevent exposure‐related illness even in long‐term transplant recipients.
A clustering method of bloggers based on social annotations

This paper proposes a method that divides bloggers to clusters according to their interests. The method calculates similarities between the bloggers based on three steps. That is, the method calculates similarities between target objects discussed in blog articles based on social annotations. It calculates similarities between impressions related to the target objects based on impression words included in blog articles. Here, products, works and services are examples of the target objects. Lastly, the method calculates similarities between the bloggers by combining the results of the method's first and second calculation steps, and divides the bloggers to clusters based on the similarities. The paper applies the method to the Commutents data and the Yahoo! Japan Movie data, and verifies the effectiveness of the method.
The proto-oncogene c-ets is preferentially expressed in lymphoid cells

The transforming sequences of the avian acute leukemia virus, E26, contain two distinct oncogenes, v-mybE and v-ets, fused together. By using a probe containing v-ets sequences, polyadenylated transcripts of the c-ets proto-oncogene were detected in avian tissues; they included a major 7.0-kilobase and a minor 2.0-kilobase species. These c-ets mRNAs were detected at high levels only in lymphoid organs and in avian T and B lymphoid cell lines. A similar pattern of c-ets transcription was observed in human hematopoietic cell lines, with transcripts detected in lymphoid B and T cells but not in erythroid or myeloid cells. The E26 oncogene was inserted into an inducible expression vector, and a 90-kilodalton protein (bp90) was produced in bacteria. Rabbit antisera raised to purified bp90 precipitated P135gag-mybE-ets, the v-mybE-ets polyprotein expressed in E26-transformed cells, and also reacted with p50v-mybA, the transforming protein of the avian myeloblastosis virus. Antiserum to bp90 was absorbed with a bacterially synthesized v-mybA protein to remove anti-myb activity. The absorbed anti-bp90 serum retained the ability to immunoprecipitate P135gag-mybE-ets from E26-transformed cells and specifically reacted with a 56-kilodalton polypeptide (p56) detected in chicken lymphoid organs and in T and B lymphocytes of both avian and human origin. The data suggest that p56 is a translational product of the c-ets proto-oncogene and imply that p56 may be involved in regulating the growth of lymphoid cells.
Providing Help and Advice in Task Oriented Systems

This paper describes current work at the University of Pennsylvania centered around providing intelligent help raid advice to users of interactive task oriented systems. This work focuses on three general themes: (1) Help systems should be active rather than passive; (J) help systems should contain explicit models of the user, the task and the system utility being used and (3) the help system shoulJ engage in an interactive dialogue with the user in order to identify the information he really needs. An experimental UV, system, WIZARD, has been implemented for the VAX/VMS' operating system to explore some of these issues.
Primary structure of the Streptomyces R61 extracellular DD-peptidase. 1. Cloning into Streptomyces lividans and nucleotide sequence of the gene.

An 11 450-base DNA fragment containing the gene for the extracellular active-site serine DD-peptidase of Streptomyces R61 was cloned in Streptomyces lividans using the high-copy-number plasmid pIJ702 as vector. Amplified expression of the excreted enzyme was observed. Producing clones were identified with the help of a specific antiserum directed against the pure DD-peptidase. The coding sequence of the gene was then located by hybridization with a specific nucleotide probe and sub-fragments were obtained from which the nucleotide sequence of the structural gene and the putative promoter and terminator regions were determined. The sequence suggests that the gene codes for a 406-amino-acid protein precursor. When compared with the excreted, mature DDpeptidase, this precursor possesses a cleavable 3 1-amino-acid N-terminal extension which has the characteristics of a signal peptide, and a cleavable 26-amino-acid C-terminal extension. On the basis of the data of Joris et al. (following paper in this journal), the open reading frame coding for the synthesis of the DD-peptidase was established. Comparison of the primary structure of the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase with those of several active-site serine p-lactamases and penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli shows homology in those sequences that comprise the active-site serine residue. When the comparison is broadened to the complete amino acid sequences, significant homology is observed only for the pair Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidaselEscherichja coli ampC p-lactamase (class C). Since the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase and p-lactamases of class A have very similar three-dimensional structures [Kelly et al. (1986) Science (Wash. DC) 231, 14291431 ; Samraoui et al. (1986) Nature (Land.) 320, 378-3380], it is concluded that these tertiary features are probably also shared by the F-lactamases of class C , i.e. that the Streptomyces R61 DD-peptidase and the p-lactamases of classes A and C are related in an evolutionary sense.
Wackernagel in the Language of the Rigveda. A Reassessment

Abstract In this paper I discuss several models of Wackernagel cliticization in the language of the Rigveda. Following a short overview of Rigvedic syntax I argue for a discourse functional slot in the left periphery. I show that Hale (1987) and (1996) can be falsified and that Krisch (1990) and Hock (1996) suffer from major drawbacks. In my own account I argue for a prosodic approach, in which WL2 clitics are hosted by the first phonological word in a sentence and WL1 clitics by the first phonological phrase. This phrase corresponds to the left periphery in the syntactic structure, which is obligatory in the language of the Rigveda. Using WL1 clitics as a diagnostic tool for determining syntactic structure, I show that Wh-subjects belong to the left periphery. Concerning the syntactic status of infinitive phrases, I demonstrate that rationale clauses are CPs, whereas all other types of embedded infinitive phrases are not.
Physiologic Increases in Extracellular Sodium Salt Enhance Coronary Vasoconstriction and Ca2+ Entry

High dietary sodium salt has been suggested to increase the risk of coronary vasospasm and coronary artery disease. However, whether high-sodium salt directly affects the mechanisms of coronary artery contraction is unclear. This study investigated whether physiologic and supraphysiologic increases in extracellular concentrations of sodium chloride ([NaCl]e) enhance the Ca2+ handling mechanisms of coronary smooth muscle contraction. Isometric contraction and 45Ca2+ influx were measured in endothelium-denuded porcine coronary artery strips incubated in Krebs solution (2.5 m M Ca2+) containing increasing [NaCl]e (120, 121, 123, 126, 130, 140, and 150 m M). Increasing [NaCl]e for 30 min did not increase the resting coronary tone or 45Ca2+ influx. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) caused concentration-dependent increases in contraction and 45Ca2+ influx. Preincubation of coronary strips in increasing [NaCl]e for 30 min did not change the median effective dose of 5-HT. However, the magnitude of the 5-HT contraction and 45Ca2+ influx was significantly increased at 121–126 m M [NaCl]e. Preincubation with 2,4-dichlorobenzamil (10−5M), inhibitor of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, or KB-R7943 (10−5M), selective inhibitor of the reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, abolished the increases in 5-HT contraction and 45Ca2+ influx at 121–126 m M [NaCl]e. Preincubation in Krebs solution containing 120 m M NaCl plus 1–6 m M LiCl or N-methyl-d-glucamine did not increase 5-HT contraction or 45Ca2+ influx. Higher [NaCl]e (140–150 m M) increased 5-HT-induced 45Ca2+ influx but inhibited 5-HT contraction. 5-HT (10−5M)- and caffeine (25 m M)-induced contraction in Ca2+-free (2 m M EGTA) solution, a measure of Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores, was not affected by small increases in [NaCl]e (121–126 m M) but was inhibited at higher [NaCl]e (130–150 m M). Thus increases in [NaCl]e within the physiologic range enhance coronary smooth muscle contraction to 5-HT by a mechanism possibly involving Ca2+ entry via the reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, but not Ca2+ release from the intracellular stores. The reduction of coronary contraction with supraphysiologic [NaCl]e in both Ca2+-containing and Ca2+-free Krebs could be related to excessive increases in ionic strength and may mask significant coronary vasoconstrictor effects of physiologic increases in [NaCl]e.
Construction and characterization of two lexA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium with different UV sensitivities and UV mutabilities

Salmonella typhimurium has a SOS regulon which resembles that of Escherichia coli. recA mutants of S. typhimurium have already been isolated, but no mutations in lexA have been described yet. In this work, two different lexA mutants of S. typhimurium LT2 have been constructed on a sulA background to prevent cell death and further characterized. The lexA552 and lexA11 alleles contain an insertion of the kanamycin resistance fragment into the carboxy- and amino-terminal regions of the lexA gene, respectively. SOS induction assays indicated that both lexA mutants exhibited a LexA(Def) phenotype, although SOS genes were apparently more derepressed in the lexA11 mutant than in the lexA552 mutant. Like lexA(Def) of E. coli, both lexA mutations only moderately increased the UV survival of S. typhimurium, and the lexA552 strain was as mutable as the lexA+ strain by UV in the presence of plasmids encoding MucAB or E. coli UmuDC (UmuDCEc). In contrast, a lexA11 strain carrying any of these plasmids was nonmutable by UV. This unexpected behavior was abolished when the lexA11 mutation was complemented in trans by the lexA gene of S. typhimurium. The results of UV mutagenesis correlated well with those of survival to UV irradiation, indicating that MucAB and UmuDCEc proteins participate in the error-prone repair of UV damage in lexA552 but not in lexA11. These intriguing differences between the mutagenic responses of lexA552 and lexA11 mutants to UV irradiation are discussed, taking into account the different degrees to which the SOS response is derepressed in these mutants.
Challenges of Aligning Requirements Engineering and System Testing in Large-Scale Agile: A Multiple Case Study

As agile methods become more pervasive, agile practices are applied to more large-scale systems with a scope that goes beyond pure software. The expansion of agile in these contexts provides benefits, but creates new challenges. Widespread use of agile has changed the way we must think about practices both in Requirements Engineering (RE) and in System Testing (ST). Our experience shows that many challenges in the application of large-scale agile development relate to either RE or ST, and in particular to the alignment between these areas. In this paper we present large-scale agile-related challenges from a multiple case study which relate to REST alignment. We map our challenges to an existing framework for REST alignment, and make an initial attempt to suggest agile RE practices from the literature which may alleviate these challenges. Our results show that the interviewed companies need to first adopt more agile RE practices to enhance REST alignment and then leverage agile testing. Future work will look more towards evaluating these best practices.
Modelling and simulation of electric railway traction , track signalling and power systems

Research at the University of Bath on modelling and simulation of electric traction systems has led to the derivation of an accurate electric circuit model of rail track and traction line. This paper describes the application of that model for the simulation of systems in which the track is the transmission medium. The studies include track signalling system operation, DC and AC traction power line voltage regulation and the prediction of electromagnetic interference between traction power, drives and signalling systems.
Um framework para desenvolvimento e implementação de sistemas seguros baseados em hardware

concepcao de sistemas seguros demanda tratamento holistico, global. A razao e que a mera composicao de componentes individualmente seguros nao garante a seguranca do conjunto resultante2. Enquanto isso, a complexidade dos sistemas de informacao cresce vigorosamente, dentre outros, no que se diz respeito: i) ao numero de componentes constituintes; ii) ao numero de interacoes com outros sistemas; e iii) `a diversidade de natureza dos componentes. Este crescimento constante da complexidade demanda um dominio de conhecimento ao mesmo tempo multidisciplinar e profundo, cada vez mais dificil de ser coordenado em uma unica visao global, seja por um individuo, seja por uma equipe de desenvolvimento. Nesta tese propomos um framework para a concepcao, desenvolvimento e deployment de sistemas baseados em hardware que e fundamentado em uma visao unica e global de seguranca. Tal visao cobre um espectro abrangente de requisitos, desde a integridade fisica dos dispositivos ate a verificacao, pelo usuario final, de que seu sistema esta logicamente integro. Para alcancar este objetivo, apresentamos nesta tese o seguinte conjunto de componentes para o nosso framework: i) um conjunto de consideracoes para a construcao de modelos de ataques que capturem a natureza particular dos adversarios de sistemas seguros reais, principalmente daqueles baseados em hardware; ii) um arcabouco teorico com conceitos e definicoes importantes e uteis na construcao de sistemas seguros baseados em hardware; iii) um conjunto de padroes (patterns) de componentes e arquiteturas de sistemas seguros baseados em hardware; iv) um modelo teorico, logico-probabilistico, para avaliacao do nivel de seguranca das arquiteturas e implementacoes; e v) a aplicacao dos elementos do framework na implementacao de sistemas de producao, com estudos de casos muito significativos3. Os resultados relacionados a estes componentes estao apresentados nesta tese na forma de coletânea de artigos. 2 Tecnicas "greedy" nao fornecem necessariamente os resultados otimos. Mais, a presenca de componentes seguros nao e nem fundamental. 3 Em termos de impacto social, economico ou estrategico. Abstract
Local diversity reduces infection risk across multiple freshwater host-parasite associations

SUMMARY 1. In many host–parasite systems, infection risk can be reduced by high local biodiversity, though the mitigating effects of diversity are context dependent and not universal. 2. In aquatic ecosystems, local fauna can reduce the transmission success of parasite free-swimming infective stages by preying on them, acting as decoy hosts, or physically interfering with transmission. However, most prior research has focused on the effect of a single non-host organism at a time and/or has been performed under simplified and artificial conditions. 3. Here, using data on 11 trematode species sampled in different New Zealand lakes, we test whether local biodiversity affects infection risk in target second intermediate hosts, as well as total parasite population size (number of parasites per m 2 ), under natural conditions. We considered four components of local biodiversity: total biomass of non-host fish species, diversity (Simpson index) of non-host benthic invertebrates, total density of zooplankton and macrophyte biomass. Our analyses also accounted for host density, a known determinant of parasite prevalence, intensity of infection and total parasite population density. 4. The only influence of local biodiversity we detected was a negative effect of the diversity of nonhost benthic invertebrates on the prevalence achieved by trematodes in their second intermediate hosts: that is, the proportion of individual hosts that are infected. Interestingly, this effect was discernible in all 11 trematode species considered here, even if very weak within some species. 5. Our findings suggest that higher non-host benthic diversity may generally decrease infection risk for target hosts including snails, arthropods and fish. However, reduced infection success did not automatically mean smaller overall parasite population size, as other factors can maintain the parasite population in the face of high local diversity of non-hosts.
Red Cell Membrane during Erythropoietin Therapy in Hemodialysis and in Hemodiafiltration

This study assessed the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on red cell membrane behaviour in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration (HDF). We studied erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF), mechanical fragility (EMF) and deformability (ED) before and after r-HuEPO therapy in patients on conventional dialysis treatment with a cuprophan membrane and in subjects undergoing HDF with a polyacrylonitrile membrane. Non-uremic, non-anemic subjects were enrolled as controls. Red cell membrane defects were more evident in HD than in HDF; r-HuEPO seemed to improve deformability in both groups compared to controls (p<0.005) possibly through the great production of red cells during this therapy.
Analysis of on-board antenna modules for the Millimeter-wave Intra-Connect System

We conducted a basic study of Millimeter-wave Intra-Connect Systems from the aspects of module implementation and transmission characteristics. We made small transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) modules with on-board Yagi antennas using a resin material, and investigated the characteristics of the antennas. We also studied the relation of the transmission characteristics to module arrangement and the use of parallel metal plates as a simple case model. We confirmed extension of transmission distance by using the Yagi antenna with gain and sandwiching the modules between parallel plates.
A real-time computer vision system for detecting defects in textile fabrics

This paper proposes a real-time computer vision system for detecting defects in textile fabrics. The developments of both the hardware and software platforms are presented. The design of the prototyped defect detection system ensures that the fabric moves smoothly and evenly so that high quality images can be captured. The paper also proposes a new filter selection method to detect fabric defects, which can automatically tune the Gabor functions to match with the texture information. The filter selection method is further developed into a new defect segmentation algorithm. The scheme is tested both on-line and off-line by using a variety of homogeneous textile images with different defects. The results exhibit accurate defect detection with low false alarm, thus confirming the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed system
"Give me your tired, your poor . . . . ".

If you really want to be smarter, reading can be one of the lots ways to evoke and realize. Many people who like reading will have more knowledge and experiences. Reading can be a way to gain information from economics, politics, science, fiction, literature, religion, and many others. As one of the part of book categories, give me your tired your poor always becomes the most wanted book. Many people are absolutely searching for this book. It means that many love to read this kind of book.
Comparison of morphology and mechanical properties of PLGA bioscaffolds

In this study, bioscaffolds using poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) were fabricated and studied. The gas foaming/salt leaching technique in a batch foaming setup was employed, and the effects of material composition of PLGA on the morphology and mechanical properties using this process were investigated. Two material compositions of PLGA 50/50 and 85/15 were used, and characterization of scaffolds fabricated with these materials showed that a lower relative density can be achieved with an increasing poly(DL-lactide) acid (PDLLA) content; however, higher open-cell porosity was obtained with lower PDLLA content. Furthermore, the effect of PLGA composition on modulus of the scaffolds was minor.