Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of BH3-Mimetic Drugs in the Treatment of Pediatric Hepatoblastoma

Pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) is commonly treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical tumor resection according to international multicenter trial protocols. Complete tumor resection is essential and survival rates up to 95% have now been achieved in those tumors classified as standard-risk HB. Drug resistance and occurrence of metastases remain the major challenges in the treatment of HB, especially in high-risk tumors. These conditions urgently require the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. One of those alternatives is the modulation of apoptosis in HB cells. HBs regularly overexpress anti-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-family in comparison to healthy liver tissue. This fact may contribute to the development of chemoresistance of HB cells. Synthetic small inhibitory molecules with BH3-mimetic effects, such as ABT-737 and obatoclax, enhance the susceptibility of tumor cells to different cytotoxic drugs and thereby affect initiator proteins of the apoptosis cascade via the intrinsic pathway. Besides additive effects on HB cell viability when used in combination with cytotoxic drugs, BH3-mimetics also play a role in preventing metastasation by reducing adhesion and inhibiting cell migration abilities. Presumably, including additive BH3-mimetic drugs into existing therapeutic regimens in HB patients might allow dose reduction of established cytotoxic drugs and thereby associated immanent side effects, while maintaining the antitumor activity. Furthermore, reduction of tumor growth and inhibition of tumor cell dissemination may facilitate complete surgical tumor resection, which is mandatory in this tumor type resulting in improved survival rates in high-risk HB. Currently, there are phase I and phase II clinical trials in several cancer entities using this potential target. This paper reviews the available literature regarding the use of BH3-mimetic drugs as single agents or in combination with chemotherapy in various malignancies and focuses on results in HB cells.
Shape prediction algorithm for flexible endoscope

Flexible endoscope has been used for the diagnosis of the large intestine. This paper aims at the development of navigation software that provides the surgeon with the 2D/3D shape of flexible endoscope inside the colon real time. It helps surgeon insert the endoscope in a safe manner and locate the position of the lesion. With the information of the insertion length and the position/orientation information of the distal end, we propose a shape prediction algorithm with consideration of constrained geometry and gravity load of the flexible endoscope. To corroborate the effectiveness of the shape prediction algorithm, we perform simulation using 2D/3D flexible endoscope models and verify the result through experiments.
Cross-Border Media and Nationalism: Evidence from Serbian Radio in Croatia

How do nationalistic media affect animosity between ethnic groups? We consider one of Europe’s deadliest conflicts since WWII: the Serbo-Croatian conflict. We show that, after a decade of peace, cross-border nationalistic Serbian radio triggers ethnic hatred towards Serbs in Croatia. Mostly attracted by non-political content, many Croats listen to Serbian public radio (intended for Serbs in Serbia) whenever signal is available. As a result, the vote for extreme nationalist parties is higher, and ethnically offensive graffiti are more common, in Croatian villages with Serbian radio reception. A laboratory experiment confirms that Serbian radio exposure causes anti-Serbian sentiment among Croats.
and George The Case Study of the eKoNES Building ' Flexible ' vacation packages using collaborative assembly toolkits and dynamic packaging

http://jvm.sagepub. com/content/17/1/17 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/1356766710391132 2011 17: 17 Journal of Vacation Marketing Vellis Demosthenes Akoumianakis, Nikolas Vidakis, Anargyros Akrivos, Giannis Milolidakis, Dimitrios Kotsalis and George The Case Study of the eKoNES Building 'Flexible' vacation packages using collaborative assembly toolkits and dynamic packaging:
Hydrogen sulfide induces serum‐independent cell cycle entry in nontransformed rat intestinal epithelial cells

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), produced by commensal sulfate‐reducing bacteria, is an environmental insult that potentially contributes to chronic intestinal epithelial disorders. We tested the hypothesis that exposure of nontransformed intestinal epithelial cells (IEC‐18) to the reducing agent sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) activates molecular pathways that underlie epithelial hyperplasia, a phenotype common to both ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer. Exposure of IEC‐18 cells to NaHS rapidly increased the NADPH/NADP ratio, reduced the intracellular redox environment, and inhibited mitochondrial respiratory activity. The addition of 0.2‐5 mM NaHS for 4 h increased the IEC‐18 proliferative cell fraction (P<0.05), as evidenced by analysis of the cell cycle and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, while apoptosis occurred only at the highest concentration of NaHS. Thirty minutes of NaHS exposure increased (P<0.05) c‐Jun mRNA concentrations, consistent with the observed activation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK). Microarray analysis confirmed an increase (P<0.05) in MAPK‐mediated proliferative activity, likely reflecting the reduced redox environment of NaHS‐treated cells. These data identify functional pathways by which H2S may initiate epithelial dysregulation and thereby contribute to UC or colorectal cancer. Thus, it becomes crucial to understand how genetic background may affect epithelial responsiveness to this bacterial‐derived environmental insult.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM USING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES – A REVIEW

Nowadays, the security has become a critical part of any organization or industry information systems. The Intrusion Detection System is an effective method to deal with the new kind of threats such as DoS, Porbe, R2L and U2R. In this paper, we analyze the various approaches such as Hidden Semi Markov Model, Conditional Random Fields and Layered Approach, Bayesian classification, Data Mining techniques, Clustering Algorithms such as K-Means and Fuzzy c-Means, Back Propagation Neural Network, SOM Neural Network, Rough Set Neural Network Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, Pattern Matching, Principle Component Analysis, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Independent Component Analysis, Multivariate Statistical Analysis, SOM/PSO algorithm etc. The performance is measured for two different datasets using various approaches. The datasets are trained and tested for identifying the new attacks that will affect the hosts or networks. The well known KDD Cup 1999 or DARPA 1999 dataset has been used to improve the accuracy and performance. The four groups of attacks are identified as Probe, DoS, U2R and R2L. The dataset used for training set is 494,021 and testing set is 311,028. The aim is to improve the detection rate and performance of the proposed system.
Diversity analysis for space-time-frequency (STF) coded MIMO system with a general correlation model

Previous works on space-time-frequency (STF) codes have focused on frequency-selective but independent fading channels for MIMO-OFDM systems. However, insufficient antenna space, mobile scenarios, and multipath in practice cause correlation in the spatial, temporal, and frequency domains. This paper studies the effect of STF coding on the performance of MIMO-OFDM systems with general spatial, temporal, and frequency/path correlated channels. Specifically, we first derive an upper bound on the maximum achievable diversity and then prove achievability by giving an STF code design example. Finally, we show that our general diversity result recovers those in the existing literature for special correlation structures.
The analysis of intergrid transfer operators and multigrid methods for nonconforming finite elements.

In this paper we first analyze intergrid transfer operators and their iterates for some nonconforming finite elements used for discretizations of second- and fourth-order elliptic problems. Then two classes of multigrid methods using these elements are considered. The first class is the usual one, which uses discrete equations on all levels which are defined by the same discretization, while the second one is based on the Galerkin approach where quadratic forms over coarse grids are constructed from the quadratic form on the finest grid and the iterates of intergrid transfer operators, which we call the Galerkin multigrid method. The properties of these intergrid transfer operators are utilized for the analysis of the first class, while the properties of their iterates are exploited for the second one. Convergence results available for these two classes of multigrid methods are summarized here.
Entropy of search logs: how hard is search? with personalization? with backoff?

How many pages are there on the Web? 5B? 20B? More? Less? Big bets on clusters in the clouds could be wiped out if a small cache of a few million urls could capture much of the value. Language modeling techniques are applied to MSN's search logs to estimate entropy. The perplexity is surprisingly small: millions, not billions. Entropy is a powerful tool for sizing challenges and opportunities. How hard is search? How hard are query suggestion mechanisms like auto-complete? How much does personalization help? All these difficult questions can be answered by estimation of entropy from search logs. What is the potential opportunity for personalization? In this paper, we propose a new way to personalize search, personalization with backoff. If we have relevant data for a particular user, we should use it. But if we don't, back off to larger and larger classes of similar users. As a proof of concept, we use the first few bytes of the IP address to define classes. The coefficients of each backoff class are estimated with an EM algorithm. Ideally, classes would be defined by market segments, demographics and surrogate variables such as time and geography
Investigating Topic Models for Mobile Short Messaging Service Communication Filtering

— This research work investigates the use of Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a generative topic modeling technique to extract latent features arising from mobile Short Messaging Service (SMS) communication for automatic discovery of user interest. This involves integrating temporal ordering of SMS into a generative process in an iterative manner. The mobile SMS documents are partitioned into segments, wherein the discovered topics in each segment are propagated to influence the discovery of latent features. The proposed technique filters malicious mobile SMS communication and shows that topic models can effectively detect distinctive latent features to support automatic content filtering overtime. The practical implication of SMS communication filtering is apparent in designing systems that proactively detect information security threats to mobile subscribers and operators. The system can assist in optimum decision making, for instance in a scenario where an imposture attempts to sneak confidential information from unsolicited messages send to a subscriber or an operator.
Power Grid Analysis and Optimization Using Algebraic Multigrid

This paper presents a class of power grid analysis and optimization techniques, all of which are based on the algebraic-multigrid (AMG) method. First, a new AMG-based reduction scheme is proposed to improve the efficiency of reducing the problem size for power grid analysis and optimization. Next, with the proposed reduction technique, a fast transient-analysis method is developed and extended to an accurate solver with error control mechanism. After that, the scope of this method is further broadened for handling the analysis of the modified grid. Finally, a fast decap-allocation (DA) scheme based on AMG is suggested. Experimental results show that these techniques not only achieve a significant speedup over reported industrial methods but also enhance the quality of solutions. By using the proposed techniques, transient analysis with 200 time steps on a 1.6-M-node power grid can be completed in less than 5 min; dc analysis on the same circuit can reach an accuracy of in about 141 s. Our DA can process a circuit with up to one million nodes in about 11 min.
Learnable Visual Markers

We propose a new approach to designing visual markers (analogous to QR-codes, markers for augmented reality, and robotic fiducial tags) based on the advances in deep generative networks. In our approach, the markers are obtained as color images synthesized by a deep network from input bit strings, whereas another deep network is trained to recover the bit strings back from the photos of these markers. The two networks are trained simultaneously in a joint backpropagation process that takes characteristic photometric and geometric distortions associated with marker fabrication and capture into account. Additionally, a stylization loss based on statistics of activations in a pretrained classification network can be inserted into the learning in order to shift the marker appearance towards some texture prototype. In the experiments, we demonstrate that the markers obtained using our approach are capable of retaining bit strings that are long enough to be practical. The ability to automatically adapt markers according to the usage scenario and the desired capacity as well as the ability to combine information encoding with artistic stylization are the unique properties of our approach. As a byproduct, our approach provides an insight on the structure of patterns that are most suitable for recognition by ConvNets and on their ability to distinguish composite patterns.
Directly immobilized DNA sensor for label-free detection of Herpes virus

This paper reports the direct immobilization of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences of Herpes simplex virus (5psila-AT CAC CGA CCC GGA GAG GGA C-3') on the surface of DNA sensor by using the cyclic voltammetric method with the presence of pyrrole. The potential was scanned from -0.7 volt to + 0.6 volt, the scanning rate was at 100 mV/s.This kind of DNA sensor was developed to detect Herpes virus DNA in samples. The FTIR was applied to verify specific binding of DNA sequence and conducting polymer, the morphology of conducting polymer doped with DNA strands was investigated by using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). The results showed that output signal given by co-immobilized DNA/PPy membrane sensor was better than that given by APTS immobilized membrane sensors. The sensor can detect as low as 2 nM of DNA target in real samples.
A new MoVI Schiff base complex: methanol[N′-(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)benzohydrazidato]dioxidomolybdenum(VI)

In the title benzilidene Schiff base molybdenum(VI) complex, [Mo(C15H12N2O3)O2(CH3OH)], the MoVI ion is coordinated by two oxide O atoms and by two O atoms and one N atom of the tridentate N′-(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)benzohydrazidate (L) Schiff base ligand. The methanol O atom completes the distorted octahedral configuration of the MoVI atom. Strong O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds form a C(5) chain around a 21 screw axis. Weak C—H—O hydrogen bonds are also present.
Inter-joint coordination in producing kicking velocity of taekwondo kicks.

The purpose of this study was to investigate joint kinematics of the kicking leg in Taekwondo and to examine the role of inter-joint coordination of the leg in producing the kicking velocity. A new inter-joint coordination index that encompasses three- dimensional hip and knee motions, was defined and applied to the joint kinematic results. Twelve elite Taekwondo athletes participated in this study and performed the back kick, thrashing kick, turning-back kick and roundhouse kick. Our results indicate that the back kick utilized a combination of hip and knee extension to produce the kicking velocity, and was characterized by a pushlike movement. The thrashing kick and turning-back kick utilized a greater degree of hip abduction than the roundhouse kick and back kick, and included complicated knee motions. The new index successfully categorized the thrashing kick and turning-back kick into a push-throw continuum, indicating a change from negative index (opposite direction) to positive index (same direction) of hip and knee motions at the end of the movement. This strategy of push-throw continuum increases the kicking velocity at the moment of impact by applying a throwlike movement pattern. Key pointsA variety of Taekwondo kicks have unique inter-joint coordination of the kicking leg.The back kick used a combination of hip and knee extension to produce the kicking velocity, and was characterized by a pushlike movement.The new index explained well the inter-joint coordination of three DOF joint motions of two joints in producing kicking velocity (positive values for throwlike movements and negative values for pushlike movements). The index successfully categorized the thrashing kick and turning-back kick into a push-throw continuum.
Diversity voting and its application in real-time strategy games multi-objective optimization decision-making behavior modeling

In this paper, we present a novel approach based on diversity and voting for studying the Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) problems in Real-Time Strategy game (RTS). MOO is one of the most important research topics in Decision-Making Behavior Modeling (DMBM) of RTS. It includes but is not limited to Tactical Position Selection (TPS), Force and Fire Allocation, Targets Selection and Path Planing, etc. The computing efficiency of multi-objective optimization algorithms is of vital importance to the believable representation of RTS agents decision-making behaviors. Currently however, most MOO techniques used in Game AI decision-making behavior modeling cannot satisfy the great demand in future RTS game AI in aspect of time efficiency. According to above problems and taking the TPS decision-making behavior in RTS game AI as research background, the paper proposed a novel MOO-oriented Diversity Voting model based on Group Diversity and Social Choice theory. Through forming diverse problem solving team, agents compute and further propose individual solutions and using voting method for group opinion aggregation. Contrary to traditional Diversity Voting models, the paper fully considers the feature of multiple Pareto results in MOO problem solving and establishes our model based on Approval Voting. More importantly, we change the traditional parameter-based voting into solution-based method during opinion aggregation among problem solvers. We formalize the TPS problem in MOO manner, then carry out the problem solving tests based respectively on single MOO algorithm and on our Diversity Voting model. Further, we take advantages of little interactions among problem solvers and test the problem solving ability of model under parallelized conditions.
EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION THERAPY TREATMENT PLANNING FOR CLINICALLY LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER on Radiation Oncology–Prostate:

Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology–Prostate: Nicholas G. Zaorsky, MD; Timothy N. Showalter, MD, MPH; Gary A. Ezzell, PhD; Paul L. Nguyen, MD; Dean G. Assimos, MD; Anthony V. D'Amico, MD, PhD; Alexander R. Gottschalk, MD, PhD; Gary S. Gustafson, MD; Sameer R Keole, MD; Stanley L Liauw, MD; Shane Lloyd, MD; Patrick W. McLaughlin, MD; Benjamin Movsas, MD; Bradley R Prestidge, MD, MS; Al V. Taira, MD; Neha Vapiwala, MD; Brian J. Davis, MD, PhD.
Circuit enhancement by eliminating long false paths

The authors propose to identify and perform logic replacement for a portion; called a segment, of a long path instead of the path itself. This results in less gate and lead duplication and hence reduction in the increase of circuit area. They give sufficient conditions for the choice of segments that can maintain the performance of the circuit. If the restriction on the choice of segments is relaxed then two very effective heuristics are obtained for removing long false paths. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm and heuristics are feasible for large designs and the increase in circuit area is significantly reduced. <<ETX>>
A confocal laser microscopic study of enkephalin-immunoreactive appositions onto physiologically identified neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla

Neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) are important in the opioid modulation of dorsal horn nociceptive transmission. Systemically administered morphine inhibits one class of RVM cells, the on-cells; excites a second class of RVM cells, the off-cells; and has no effect on a third class, neutral cells. In contrast, iontophoretic application of morphine inhibits on-cells but does not alter the activity of either off- or neutral cells. The present study addresses whether the differential sensitivity to exogenous opioids is correlated with a differential termination pattern onto the three classes of RVM neurons by afferents containing endogenous opioids. Intracellular recordings were made from RVM neurons in rats under light halothane anesthesia. Physiologically characterized neurons were injected with Neurobiotin and then subsequently visualized with a Texas red fluorophore. Thick (50 microns) sections containing labeled RVM cells were processed for enkephalin immunoreactivity (ENK-IR) using an FITC fluorophore and then optically sectioned at 1.5 micron intervals using a dual-channel confocal laser scanning microscope. ENK-IR appositions were found on the somata and dendrites of all on-cells. Although ENK-IR varicosities were also apparently apposed to off- and neutral cells, the density of such appositions was significantly less than the density of ENK-IR appositions onto on-cells. The greater overall density of ENK-IR appositions onto on-cells was apparently due to a concentration of appositions on the soma and proximal dendrites of these neurons. These results support a model of RVM function in which endogenous opioid peptides produce an antinociceptive action by a direct inhibitory action on on-cells that facilitate nociceptive transmission. This on- cell inhibition may produce an additional antinociceptive effect by removing a possible on-cell inhibition of off-cells, which are thought to inhibit nociceptive transmission.
A Real-World Spreading Experiment in the Blogosphere

An experiment was designed to observe a spreading phenomenon in the blogosphere. This experiment relied on a small applet that participants copied onto their own web page. The dataset obtained which is freely available for study is presented, and a basic analysis is conducted. It is discovered that, despite the classical assumption, in this experiment famous blogs do not necessarily act as super spreaders.