Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A mayor IMC mayor grado de insatisfacción de la imagen corporal.

Antecedentes. Las presiones sociales provocan que las personas fuera de la norma establecida por la sociedad, presenten diversos grados de insatisfaccion de la imagen corporal (IIC). Entre las consecuencias de la IIC se senalan el aislamiento, la baja autoestima, la ansiedad y la depresion. Objetivo. El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar el grado de IIC de personas que acuden a un centro de atencion primaria universitaria en Tijuana. Metodologia. Ciento cincuenta y ocho pacientes de una clinica de primer nivel participaron en el estudio. Se les solicito a los participantes que indicaran sobre el pictograma de Stunkard, la figura con la que identifican su imagen corporal personal y la imagen corporal personal deseable. A todos los participantes se les tomo el peso, la estatura y la circunferencia de cintura. Para valorar si habia una asociacion entre indice de masa corporal (IMC) y el grado de IIC se uso la correlacion de Spearman. Para observar las diferencias de grado de IIC con riesgo de obesidad abdominal, sobrepeso, obesidad, genero y antecedentes de obesidad infantil se realizaron pruebas de t para muestras independientes. Resultados. Se observo una correlacion (Spearman) positiva entre el grado de insatisfaccion y el IMC (O.544, P ‹ 0.01). Quienes presentaron un peso adecuado tuvieron una IIC promedio de 0.9, quienes presentaron sobrepeso de1.7 y quienes presentaron obesidad de 2.6. Las mujeres presentaron un mayor grado de IIC (2.0) que los hombres (1.5) (p ‹ 0.01), las personas con riesgo de exceso de grasa abdominal (P ‹ 0.0001), con sobrepeso y con obesidad (P ‹ 0.001), y las personas que referian sobrepeso antes de los 15 anos. Recomendaciones. Son necesarias medidas integrales de prevencion y control del exceso de grasa corporal en diferentes contingencias, niveles, estructuras, instituciones, y sectores. Asimismo, se deben controlar diversos factores de riesgo en todos los periodos de la vida.
Design and implementation of living streaming system based on multi-service nodes collaboration

This paper presents a design and implementation method of living streaming system based on multi-service nodes collaboration. The system uses the entropy weighting method to dynamically determine the weight factor of each service node and uses the coordinator node to collect the load information of service nodes and perform global optimal distribution of loads. The collection terminal uses RTMP (Real Time Messaging Protocol) as the push protocol to send videos to service nodes, which then transcode the received videos into HLS (HTTP live streaming) and forward them to the releasing nodes in real time. Users can watch live videos on the releasing nodes. This service model is particularly suitable for watching live videos on mobile terminals. Herein, the design and implementation of the proposed system is described and its feasibility and effectiveness are verified in actual network environments.
Advanced multilevel converter applied to an open-ends induction machine: Analysis, implementation and loss evaluation

This paper studies the performance of the dual 3-level T-type converter topology, as an advanced 5-level converter, applied to an open-ends induction machine. The performance is evaluated based on harmonic analysis, converter power loss and the steady-state machine performance. An advanced technique based on space-vector pulse-width modulation is proposed to reduce the converter switching stress as well as switching losses. A simulation based on a Matlab/Simulink program for the proposed topology as well as for some conventional multilevel converter topologies is performed. A practical implementation, based on a field-programmable gate array, for the proposed topology is presented, discussed and analyzed. A comparison between experimental and simulation results is conducted. The results show that the advanced topology reduces the harmonic content, the machine torque ripple, and the overall drive losses compared to three-level converters. Also, the proposed topology and the proposed switching technique reduce the converter losses by 40% compared to conventional five-level diode clamped converter.
Physical and mental health correlates of pregnancy following breast cancer

Introduction: The safety of pregnancy after breast cancer is an important issue for many younger breast cancer survivors and their health care providers. Current research does not indicate that pregnancy negatively affects survival, but the ‘healthy mother bias,’ suggesting that survivors who go on to become pregnant are a self‐selected healthier group based on their prognosis, has led to cautious interpretation of these findings. No studies have systematically evaluated the potential for this bias.
Integration of Prism Sheet on Quantum Dot Film With Bridge Patterns to Enhance Luminance of LED Backlight Unit

An integrated prism sheet on quantum dot (QD) film with bridge patterns has been proposed to increase the optical efficiency of an LED backlight unit. The bridge patterns were designed, such that they not only extract the light trapped in a QD film but also change the optical path effectively toward the vertical direction. We verified our design concept and geometrical parameters by optical simulation, and fabricated the integrated optical sheet using a lithography and UV imprinting process. The simulation results show the luminance enhancement of 33.6% after applying the bridge patterns while keeping the same Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage (CIE) after careful controlling the concentration of QDs. The enhancement of luminance toward the vertical directionwas also confirmed experimentally after the fabrication of an integrated prism sheet on a QD enhancement film.
Evaluation of the protective effects of reactive sulfide on the acute toxicity of silver to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Acute 96‐h toxicity tests were performed with juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to AgNO3 in either the absence or the presence of 100 nM reactive sulfide to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous sulfides against ionic Ag toxicity. The sulfide was presented in the form of zinc sulfide (ZnS) clusters under oxic conditions. Silver was lost from the water column during the course of the experiment, so mean measured Ag concentrations were used to generate all median lethal concentration (LC50) data. The system was complicated in that Ag2S precipitated because of the need for large amounts of Ag to obtain lethal effects in the presence of ZnS. Some of the losses of Ag could be explained by complexation with ZnS and formation of solid Ag2S. Other losses were probably the result of partial adsorption to exposure‐chamber walls or to complexation with ligands or functional groups within organic material produced by the fish. The LC50 (95% confidence interval) values generated using measured concentrations for total Ag were 139 (122‐162) nM in the absence of sulfide and 377 (340‐455) nM in the presence of 100 nM sulfide. The LC50 values generated using measured concentrations from filtered (pore size, 0.45 μm) water samples were 122 (105‐145) nM in the absence of sulfide and 225 (192‐239) nM in the presence of 100 nM sulfide. These results suggest a stoichiometric protection of sulfides up to a 2:1 ratio of Ag:sulfide. Greater accumulation of Ag at the gills was measured in fish exposed to AgNO3 in the presence of sulfide.
Synergism, killing kinetics, and antimicrobial susceptibility of group A and B streptococci

The susceptibility of 110 group A and 179 group B streptococci to 25 antimicrobics was tested by broth microdilution and agar disk diffusion tests. Representative strains were used in killing kinetics, penicillin-gentamicin synergy, and minimal bactericidal concentration tests. Group A streptococci were more susceptible than group B streptococci to 17 of the 25 antimicrobics tested. Group A and B streptococci were killed at the same rate if the amount of penicillin used was equivalent to their respective penicillin minimal inhibitory concentrations. Synergism was demonstrated for both group A and B streptococci when penicillin was used at concentrations equal to each respective minimal inhibitory concentration and subinhibitory concentration of gentamicin. This synergy could be demonstrated best using minimal bactericidal concentrations obtained by culturing 3- and 6-h cultures from the microdilution checkerboard tests rather than from 24-h subcultures. A greater synergistic effect was achieved by adding penicillin first and then adding gentamicin rather than in the reverse order, or simultaneously.
First isolation of Borrelia lusitaniae DNA from Ixodes ricinus ticks in Poland

European genospecies of B. burgdorferi sensu lato were identified by examining unfed I. ricinus ticks collected from 10 locations in northwest Poland. Research was conducted using 3 methods: PCR amplification of the fla gene with the FLA1 and FLA2 primer set conserved in all European species of B. burgdorferi sensu lato, PCR-RFLP, and sequencing. There were 5 restriction patterns obtained in this study: 4 characteristic for genospecies B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. valaisiana, and B. afzelii and 1 untypical restriction pattern type. PCR products for all restriction patterns were sequenced and sequences have been submitted to GeneBank (accession numbers: AY603342, AY603343, AY603344, AY603345, AY603346). Polish sequences of the fla gene for B. burgdorferi s.s. , B. garinii, B. valaisiana, and B. afzelii were identical with sequences from GeneBank at 99.79%, 99.58%, 100% and 100% respectively. The fifth sequence demonstrated 99.79% identity with sequences of a B. lusitaniae PotiB2 isolate from Portugal, and also clusters with this strain. B. lusitaniae DNA in I. ricinus was detected in 3 out of 10 localities and constituted 5.9% of infected individuals with I. ricinus.
School-aged children's phonological production of derived English words.

PURPOSE Little is known about the phonological aspects of derivational processes. Neutral suffixes (e.g., -ness) that do not change stress and rhythmic or nonneutral suffixes (e.g., -ity) that alter stem stress were used in a production task that explored developmental changes in phonological accuracy of derived English words. METHOD Three groups of typically achieving children, aged 7 (n = 19), 8 (n = 18), and 9 (n = 15) years, produced derived words in isolation (12 words with rhythmic suffixes and 10 with neutral suffixes). Productions were transcribed from audio-recordings. RESULTS Stress accuracy was at ceiling levels for neutral derived words but steadily improved in words with rhythmic suffixes. The predominant stress error was maintaining stem stress in the derived form. Children also made syllabification and consonant errors (in isolation and overlapping with stem stress errors). More errors occurred on derived words with vowel changes than without. CONCLUSIONS Morphophonological knowledge for words with rhythmic suffixes undergoes development in early school-aged children. The number or degree of phonological changes between the stem and derived word appears to be an important variable in accurate production.
Cryopreservation of epididymal spermatozoa collected by needle biopsy from cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

We have examined the motility, morphology, and cryopreservation of epididymal spermatozoa collected by needle biopsy from cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). At collection, epididymal sperm (23×106±4×106 sperm/sample; 611×106±116×106 sperm/ml; n=18) were alive (79±2%), motile (67±2%), and exhibited intact membranes (65±2%). Sperm maintained at room temperature in handling medium exhibited decreased motility over time, but head‐to‐head agglutination was limited. Tris egg‐yolk extender containing 6% glycerol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) did not significantly affect functional morphology, whereas extender containing propanediol significantly reduced motility, survival, and membrane integrity. Cryostorage reduced all measures of functional morphology independent of cryoprotectant. Post‐thaw motility was superior for glycerol and DMSO compared to propanediol. Variation in glycerol concentration (4, 6, and 8%) produced equivocal effects on sperm functional morphology post‐thaw. Needle biopsy may be a useful technique for laboratory and field‐based collection of spermatozoa from nonhuman primates.
Identification of essential elements in U14 RNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The U14 RNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) required for normal production of 18S rRNA. Depletion of U14 results in impaired processing of pre‐rRNA, deficiency in 18S‐containing intermediates and marked under‐accumulation of mature 18S RNA. The present report describes results of functional mapping of U14, by a variety of mutagenic approaches. Special attention was directed at assessing the importance of sequence elements conserved between yeast and mouse U14 as well as other snoRNA species. Functionality was assessed in a test strain containing a galactose dependent U14 gene. The results show portions of three U14 conserved regions to be required for U14 accumulation or function. These regions include bases in: (i) the 5′‐proximal box C region, (ii) the 3′‐distal box D region, and (iii) a 13 base domain complementary to 18S rRNA. Point and multi‐base substitution mutations in the snoRNA conserved box C and box D regions prevent U14 accumulation. Mutations in the essential 18S related domain do not effect U14 levels, but do disrupt synthesis of 18S RNA, indicating that this region is required for function. Taken together, the results suggest that the box C and box D regions influence U14 expression or stability and that U14 function might involve direct interaction with 18S RNA.
A new assessment tool for patients with multiple sclerosis from Spanish-speaking countries: validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) in Argentina

Abstract Background: The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) is an international assessment tool for monitoring cognitive function in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. BICAMS comprises the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), the California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT II) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised (BVMT-R). Our objective was to validate and assess the reliability of BICAMS as applied in Argentina and to obtain normative data in Spanish for this population. Method: The sample composed of 50 MS patients and 100 healthy controls (HC). In order to test its reliability, BICAMS was re-administered in a subset of 25 patients. Results: The sample’s average age was 43.42 ± 10.17 years old, and average years of schooling were 14.86 ± 2.78. About 74% of the participants were women. The groups did not differ in age, years of schooling, or gender. The MS group performed significantly worse than the HC group across the three neuropsychological tests, yielding the following Cohen’s d values: SDMT: . 85; CVLT I: . 87; and BVMT-R: . 40. The mean raw scores for Argentina normative data were as follows: SDMT: 56.71 ± 10.85; CVLT I: 60.88 ± 10.46; and BVMT-R: 23.44 ± 5.84. Finally, test–retest reliability coefficients for each test were as follows: SDMT: r = . 95; CVLT I: r = . 87; and BVMT-R: r = . 82. Conclusion: This BICAMS version is reliable and useful as a monitoring tool for identifying MS patients with cognitive impairment.
Mechanical modulation of molecular signals which regulate anabolic and catabolic activity in bone tissue

Identifying the molecular mechanisms that regulate bone's adaptive response to alterations in load bearing may potentiate the discovery of interventions to curb osteoporosis. Adult female mice (BALB/cByJ) were subjected to catabolic (disuse) and anabolic (45 Hz, 0.3g vibration for 10 min/day) signals, and changes in the mRNA levels of thirteen genes were compared to altered indices of bone formation. Age‐matched mice served as controls. Following 4 days of disuse, significant (P = 0.05) decreases in mRNA levels were measured for several genes, including collagen type I (−55%), osteonectin (−44%), osterix (−36%), and MMP‐2 (−36%) all of which, after 21 days, had normalized to control levels. In contrast, expression of several genes in the vibrated group, which failed to show significant changes at 4 days, demonstrated significant increases after 21 days, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (39%, P = 0.07), MMP‐2 (54%), and receptor activator of the nuclear factor kB ligand (RANKL) (32%). Correlations of gene expression patterns across experimental conditions and time points allowed the functional clustering of responsive genes into two distinct groups. Each cluster's specific regulatory role (formation vs. resorption) was reinforced by the 60% suppression of formation rates caused by disuse, and the 55% increase in formation rates stimulated by mechanical signals (P < 0.05). These data confirm the complexity of the bone remodeling process, both in terms of the number of genes involved, their interaction and coordination of resorptive and formative activity, and the temporal sensitivity of the processes. More detailed spatial and temporal correlations between altered mRNA levels and tissue plasticity may further delineate the molecules responsible for the control of bone mass and morphology. J. Cell. Biochem. 94: 982–994, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tetrakis[(3-hydroxypropyl)dimethylammonium] tetra-μ-acetato-κ8 O:O′-bis[chloridocuprate(II)](Cu—Cu) dichloride

The title compound (C5H14NO)4[Cu2(CH3COO)4Cl2]Cl2, consists of a pair of CuII ions bridged by four acetate groups, resulting in a Cu2(CH3COO)4 unit, four (3-hydroxypropyl)dimethylammonium cations (two crystallographically independent pairs) and two chloride anions. The Cu atoms at both termini are bonded to chloride anions. The latter are hydrogen bonded to one of the two pairs of crystallographically independent (3-hydroxypropyl)dimethylammonium cations. The Cu2(CH3COO)4 unit is located on a crystallographic inversion center, and the geometry around each metal center is close to octahedral. The Cl—Cu—Cu angles are nearly linear [177.48 (2)°] and the Cu—O bond lengths are in the range 1.9712 (18)–1.9809 (19) Å. The Cu⋯Cu separation between the two acetate-bridged CuII centers is 2.6793 (8) Å. The packing of the crystal structure is dominated by N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding between the ammonium groups and the chloride anions, as well as by O—H⋯O and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. One of the 3-hydroxypropyldimethylammonium cations shows orientational disorder with an occupancy ratio of 0.812 (4): 0.188 (4).
Health-related quality of life among 3--4-year-old children born with very low birthweight.

AIM This paper reports a study comparing health-related quality of life at 3-4 years of age among children born with very low birthweight (<or=1500 g) to a group of non-very low birthweight controls, and to examine biological, environmental, demographic and health factors associated with quality of life of children born with very low birthweight. BACKGROUND Advances in modern medicine have increased the survival of infants with very low birthweight, but its impact on quality of life of children during preschool years has been less studied. METHODS The study sample included 118 children born with very low birthweight and 170 non-very low birthweight controls in Taiwan. Primary caregivers of the study children completed structured questionnaires during the period November 2002 to April 2003. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Mandarin version of the TZO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life instrument. This tool has four dimensions: physical, emotional, cognitive and social functions. Higher scores indicate better quality of life. FINDINGS Children born with very low birthweight had statistically significantly lower mean quality of life scores in all the four dimensions compared with controls. Among the former, those who had current physical health problems scored lower in all dimensions of quality of life. Primary caregivers with higher educational levels and increased ages of the children were associated with improved scores in the emotional and social functions. Birth gestational age was negatively associated with cognitive function. Length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit was negatively associated with scores for the social function aspect of quality of life. CONCLUSION Regular monitoring of the quality of life among very low birthweight children is needed. Nurses need to assess the child's current health state, birth gestational age, and the primary caregiver's educational level in order to identify those who are at risk for low quality of life and intervene early.
Reconn: a Cytoscape Plug-in for Exploring and Visualizing Reactome

Interface and visualization tools usually provide static representations of biological pathways, which can be a severe limitation: fixed pathway boundaries are used without consensus about the elements that should be included in a particular pathway; one cannot generate new pathways or produce selective views of existing pathways. Also, the tools are not capable of integrating multiple levels that conceptually can be distinguished in biological systems. We present ReConn, an interface and visualization tool for a flexible analysis of large data at multiple biological levels. ReConn (Reactome Connector) is an open source extension to Cytoscape which allows user friendly interaction with the Reactome database. ReConn can use both predefined Reactome pathways as well as generate new pathways. A pathway can be derived by starting from any given metabolite and existing pathways can be extended by adding related reactions. The tool can also retrieve alternative routes between elements of a biological network. Such an option is potentially applicable in the design and analysis of knockout experiments. ReConn displays information about multiple levels of the system in one view. With these dynamic features ReConn addresses all of the above mentioned limitations of the interface tools.
Mapping genotype to phenotype for linkage analysis

We model functions that use genetic information as input and trait information as output to understand genetic linkage in complex diseases. Using simulated data from GAW11, we have applied categorical classification methods and neural network analysis. We use sharing at selected markers as input, and the classification of the sib pair (for example, affected‐affected or affected‐unaffected) as output. In addition, our methods include environmental risk factors as predictors of phenotype. Categorical and neural network methods each led to results consistent with findings from other methods such as the logistic regression method of Rice et al. [this issue]. Post‐analysis comparison with the GAW11 answers showed that these methods are capable of detecting correct signals in a single replicate. One advantage of our methods is that they allow analysis of the entire genome at once, so that interactions among multiple trait‐influencing loci may be detected. Furthermore, these methods can use a variety of sib pairs rather than affected pairs only.