Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A modified DSTATCOM topology with reduced VSI rating, DC link voltage, and filter size

Rating of voltage source inverter (VSI) and size of the interfacing filter are two important issues while implementing DSTATCOM. In this paper, a new DSTATCOM topology has been proposed which simultaneously reduces the rating of VSI as well as size of interfacing filter with enhanced current compensation capabilities. A capacitor is used in series with interfacing filter to reduce the dc link voltage of the DSTATCOM. Therefore, rating of VSI gets reduced as it is directly proportional to dc link voltage. To reduce the size of interfacing filter, an LCL filter has been used. An LCL filter provides excellent switching harmonics elimination capability while using much smaller value of inductor as compared to conventional L filter. A smaller inductance will cause small voltage drop across it which in turn further reduces the size of dc bus voltage and consequently VSI rating. Therefore, proposed topology will reduce weight, cost, rating, and size of the DSTATCOM with enhanced current compensation capability compared to conventional topology. A procedure to design LCL filter parameters and series capacitor has been presented. Effectiveness of the proposed DSTATCOM topology over traditional topology is verified through extensive simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC.
Analysis of a high-bandwidth event-based digital controller for DC-DC converters

This paper analyzes a non-conventional, high-bandwidth digital PID control for DC-DC converters based on an event-driven technique. The controller under consideration employs an asynchronous analog-to-digital converter which updates its output word as soon as the input analog signal crosses a quantization level. A control logic based on a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) structure then updates the converter duty ratio, thus performing the control action on an event-based cycle rather than on a fixed-sampling frequency basis. This paper shows and analyzes how this approach drastically reduces the time delay between the sampling event and the switching event, gaining a main advantage over conventional digital control techniques in terms of both achievable closed-loop bandwidth and reaction time against abrupt load current or input voltage variations. The event-driven PID was VHDL-coded and tested on a FPGA-controlled synchronous buck converter prototype. Comparison with a conventional PID control confirms the effectiveness of the approach.
Extended BLP security model based on process reliability for secure Linux kernel

To design and develop secure operating systems, the BLP (Bell-La Padula) model has been widely adopted. However user's security label in the most developed systems based on the BLP model is inherited to a process that is actual subject on behalf of the user, regardless whatever the process behavior is. So, there could be information disclosure threat or modification threat by malicious or unreliable processes even though the user is authorized in the system. These problems can be solved by defining the subject as (user process) ordered pair and by defining the process reliability. This paper presents an extended BLP (E-BLP) model in which processes are grouped into two subdivisions, common and public, and the execution of a process is controlled by DRC (Dynamic Reliability Check) to prevent the malicious behavior of the process. Therefore, this model mitigates the confidentiality threat, integrity threat, and also gives enhanced usability of the system.
HEP-2 cell image classification using local features and K-means clustering based joint sparse representation

Human Epithelial type 2 (HEp-2) cells are of great importance in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorder. Traditional approach requires specialists to manually observe the cells and make decisions, which is laborious, time-consuming and easily influenced by subjective experiences. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a general framework based on Gabor Ternary Pattern (GTP) and joint sparse representation to automatically classify cell images. The method firstly searches the affine invariant key points in cell images by a multiscale canny detector, and then extracts GTP features from the local region around the points. Finally, the joint sparse representation classifier (SRC) is applied to determine the labels of the cell images. To reduce the computation costs required by the large dictionary, a k-means based approach was proposed to reduce the dictionary size. We conduct experiments on the publicly available ICPR cell image database and get a promising result. The experiments show that the approach based on GTP outperforms the SIFT-based approach and the adoption of k-means clustering not only reduce the dictionary size, but also significantly improve the classification accuracy.
Effects of Organizational Scheme and Labeling on Task Performance in Product-Centered and User-Centered Retail Web Sites

As companies increase the quantity of information they provide through their Web sites, it is critical that content is structured with an appropriate architecture. However, resource constraints often limit the ability of companies to apply all Web design principles completely. This study quantifies the effects of two major information architecture principles in a controlled study that isolates the incremental effects of organizational scheme and labeling on user performance and satisfaction. Sixty participants with a wide range of Internet and on-line shopping experience were recruited to complete a series of shopping tasks on a prototype retail shopping Web site. User-centered labels provided a significant benefit in performance and satisfaction over labels obtained through company-centered methods. User-centered organization did not result in improved performance except when the label quality was poor. Significant interactions suggest specific guidelines for allocating resources in Web site design. Applications of this research include the design of Web sites for any commercial application, particularly E-commerce.
A fuzzy relational clustering algorithm based on a dissimilarity measure extracted from data

One of the critical aspects of clustering algorithms is the correct identification of the dissimilarity measure used to drive the partitioning of the data set. The dissimilarity measure induces the cluster shape and therefore determines the success of clustering algorithms. As cluster shapes change from a data set to another, dissimilarity measures should be extracted from data. To this aim, we exploit some pairs of points with known dissimilarity value to teach a dissimilarity relation to a feed-forward neural network. Then, we use the neural dissimilarity measure to guide an unsupervised relational clustering algorithm. Experiments on synthetic data sets and on the Iris data set show that the relational clustering algorithm based on the neural dissimilarity outperforms some popular clustering algorithms (with possible partial supervision) based on spatial dissimilarity.
Optimization of a 5.8-GHz rectifier considering ripple amplitude and DC-voltage pattern

In this article, several aspects of the rectifier which has not been analyzed in recent rectenna related papers so far are studied. First, dc-voltage pattern is evaluated using oscilloscope and the ripple amplitude of the dc-voltage is calculated. Second, a basis for decision of capacitance as a dc-pass filter is provided, and the measurement result is obtained. Third, impedance matching condition of the rectifier with series configuration is considered and the parasitic cancellation circuits are designed at not only output but also input of the packaged Schottky diode to improve RF-to-DC conversion efficiency and decrease ripple amplitude. The proposed 5.8-GHz rectifier shows RF-to-DC conversion efficiency of 60.6 % at an input power level of 9 dBm and 1.3 KΩ load without dc-pass capacitor with 0.28 % of ripple amplitude.
Does HIV age your brain?

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in 1996, the epidemiologic profile of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has shifted drastically. Although HIV-associated dementia has nearly disappeared from clinical practice, presymptomatic and milder variants of HAND affect up to 50% of patients on chronic antiretroviral therapy.1,2 Furthermore, the predominant phenotype has evolved from a subcortical dementia to a mixed cortical-subcortical cognitive syndrome affecting attention, executive, and memory systems, as well as slowing processing speed.2 Yet, subtler forms of HAND often remain undetected. One Swedish HIV study found that only 27% of their patient cohort complained of cognitive dysfunction, but 67% actually demonstrated objective deficits on cognitive testing.3
Software clustering techniques and the use of combined algorithm

As the age of software systems increases they tend to deviate from their actual design and architecture. It becomes more and more difficult to manage and maintain such systems. We explore the idea of software clustering for reverse engineering and re-modularization. Clustering together software artifacts provides an automatic technique for discovering high level abstract entities within a system. Previous work on software clustering has identified many areas where further investigation is required. Clustering techniques should be tuned to the type of system they are being applied to. In this paper we explore a new clustering algorithm called the 'combined' algorithm which, as our experiments show, provides more promising results for software clustering than the previously used algorithms. We also analyze the behavior of correlation and distance metrics for binary features.
Description of a “Phoenix” Phenomenon in the Growth of Campylobacter jejuni at Temperatures Close to the Minimum for Growth

ABSTRACT When Campylobacter jejuni cultures that had been grown in broth at 39°C were subcultured into fresh medium at 30°C, there was a transient period of growth followed by a decline in viable-cell numbers before growth resumed once more. We propose that this complex behavior is the net effect of the growth of inoculum cells followed by a loss of viability due to oxidative stress and the subsequent emergence of a spontaneously arising mutant population that takes over the culture.
The application of CANopen protocol in monitoring and control system of greenhouse microclimate

This paper introduce a distributed greenhouse monitoring and control system based on CANopen protocol, and build the CANopen master and slave nodes. We use visual basic language to develop PC-software of this system, and the system realize the collection and real-time control of greenhouse environmental factors by using field sensors and various environmental control equipment.
High-Efficiency Cells From Layer Transfer: A First Step Toward Thin-Film/Wafer Hybrid Silicon Technologies

Future low-cost Si photovoltaics shall combine the high-efficiency potential of ultrathin monocrystalline Si films with the low cost per area of the Si-thin-film photovoltaics. The literature describes various techniques for fabricating ultrathin monocrystalline Si films with no need for sawing wafers. Layer transfer using epitaxy on porous Si and subsequent layer separation is one option. We demonstrate an independently confirmed aperture efficiency of 19.1% for a 4-cm2-sized layer transfer cell with a thickness of 43 μm. This cell has a passivated emitter and rear contact structure with an Al2O3-surface passivation by atomic layer deposition and lasered contact openings. Highly efficient thin crystalline solar cells have to be integrated into modules. We also report on laser bonding of Si cells to a metalized carrier for module integration.
Modeling and robust backstepping control of an underactuated quadruped robot in bounding motion

SUMMARY In this paper, a model-based exponential stabilization of a quadruped robot is studied in bounding motion. The dynamics of the five-link planar underactuated mechanical model of the quadruped robot with four actuated joints system is derived. It is shown that the dynamical equation of the proposed simplified model belongs to a class of second-order nonholonomic mechanical systems which cannot be stabilized by any smooth time-invariant state feedback. Utilizing a coordinate transformation based on the so-called normalized momentum, a robust backstepping control method is presented for the quadruped robot. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the robust backstepping controller can stabilize the underactuated quadruped robot so that it could balance on its rear legs and track a desired trajectory. Despite the model parameter uncertainties, the robustness of the controller is maintained. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Technical Advance: Inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis by colchicine is modulated through viscoelastic properties of subcellular compartments

Colchicine is an efficient drug for the management of inflammatory diseases, such as gouty arthritis and familial Mediterranean fever. It affects neutrophil activity by interfering with the formation of microtubules. To test the hypothesis that therapeutic concentrations of colchicine modulate the mechanical properties of these cells, we applied a combination of biophysical techniques (optical stretching and microrheology) to analyze cellular deformability. The contribution of the subcellular compartments to the regulation of cell mechanics was determined by fitting a multicomponent model of cellular viscoelasticity to time‐dependent deformation curves. Neutrophils were found to be less deformable in response to 10 ng/ml colchicine. The model‐based analysis of cellular deformation revealed a decrease in cytoplasmatic elasticity and a substantial increase in both elasticity and viscosity of the cell membrane compartment in response to colchicine. These results correlate with a reduced number of cytoplasmatic microtubules and an increase in subcortical actin filaments. The latter finding was confirmed by microrheology and fluorescence microscopy. Neutrophil migration through small pores requiring substantial cellular deformations, but not through large pores, was significantly impaired by colchicine. These data demonstrate that colchicine determines mechanics of neutrophils and, thereby, motility in confined spaces, which is crucial during extravasation of neutrophils in response to inflammatory stimuli.
A fast profiler for compilation of multi-threaded applications on a hybrid memory system

This paper proposes a fast memory access profiling tool called HMTool for multi-threaded applications. The proposed profiling tool extracts memory access patterns rapidly to optimize a multi-threaded application by allocating variables properly on a hybrid memory system with DRAM and non-volatile memory. To enhance the profiling performance, this paper proposes a static analysis and a caching technique for profiling. The proposed tool is implemented based on LLVM compiler framework. Experiment results show that the proposed profiling techniques improve the profiling performance by 5.1 times compared with an existing memory profiling tool.
Evaluation of syndromic surveillance based on National Health Service Direct derived data--England and Wales.

INTRODUCTION Syndromic surveillance systems might serve as an early warning to detect outbreaks of infectious diseases and chemical poisoning, including those caused by deliberate release. In England and Wales, data from National Health Service (NHS) Direct, a national telephone health advice service, were used for surveillance of 10 syndromes commonly occurring in the community. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate NHS Direct syndromic surveillance using the "Framework for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems for Early Detection of Outbreaks", published by CDC. METHODS Quantitative and qualitative assessments were performed. Examination of daily data flow was used to determine the timeliness and data quality. Validity was determined by comparing NHS Direct surveillance with a well-established clinical-based surveillance system using a time series analysis. Semistructured interviews of main stakeholders were conducted to determine usefulness, flexibility, acceptability, portability, stability, and system costs. RESULTS NHS Direct syndromic surveillance has representative national coverage, provides near real-time recording and data analysis, and can potentially detect high-risk, large-scale events. Direct costs are low and variable costs are unpredictable. Flexibility depends on urgency of the need for change, and portability relies on the existence of infrastructure similar to NHS Direct. Statistically significant correlation exists between NHS Direct surveillance and a surveillance system based on the Royal College of General Practitioners data for influenza-like illness. CONCLUSION The CDC framework is a useful tool to standardize the evaluation of syndromic surveillance. NHS Direct syndromic surveillance is timely, representative, useful, and acceptable with low marginal costs and borderline flexibility and portability. Cross-correlation time series modeling might represent an appropriate method in the evaluation of syndromic surveillance validity.
Optimization of Passively Repetitively  $Q$-Switched Three-Level Lasers

A generalized model of a passively repetitively Q-switched three-level laser is presented. The method for evaluation of the small-signal gain coefficient and the dissipative losses of a three-level laser is shown. To demonstrate the use of this optimization procedure, it was applied to a microchip laser generating 1.5- mum radiation. The model may be expanded for a four-level laser by replacing the calculation of the small-signal gain coefficient.
Simple computation techniques of online boundary to achieve constant switching frequency in any general n-level VSI fed IM drive using hysteresis current controller

This paper proposes simple online current-error boundary computation techniques for a space phasor based hysteresis current controller. The proposed hysteresis current controller is capable of constant switching frequency operation for any general n-level VSI fed Induction Motor (IM) drive. The current-error boundary varies automatically depending on the operating points as well as the speed of the IM drive extending up to the over-modulation region. Theoretical analysis has been carried out to show the proposed online boundary is similar to that of a constant switching frequency space vector PWM (SVPWM) based multi-level VSI. This similarity is reflected in the current-error boundary shape and corresponding phase voltage FFTs between the proposed controller and SVPWM. All the online computations are easily achieved in DSP platform using the information of sampled three phase current errors and then referring the IM steady state circuit model. The proposed scheme ensures adjacent voltage vector switching and keeps all the inherent advantages like fast dynamic behaviour of a conventional hysteresis current controller. 5-level inverter fed IM drive is selected for simulation and experimentation to prove the generality of this scheme for any general n-level inverter.
Peng – Robinson equation for phase-equilibria properties of ydrocarbon mixtures in the critical region

The principle of isomorphism of critical phenomena asserts that the equation of state of fluid mixtures in the critical region has the same form as that of the pure components, provided that the mixture is not considered at a fixed composition but at a fixed value of a constant field variable related to the chemical potentials of the components of the mixtures. This principle has been successfully applied by ccepted 14 September 2010 eywords: ritical phenomena quation of state ydrocarbon mixtures various investigators to formulate nonclassical equations of state for fluid mixtures in the critical region. In this paper we show how the same principle can be applied to simple classical equations of state using the Peng–Robinson equation as a representative example. The isomorphic Peng–Robinson equation thus obtained is applied to represent phase equilibria properties of some binary mixtures of methane, butane and decane. eng–Robinson equation apor–liquid equilibria
Does Consumer Believe on Advertisers? The Evaluation of Advertising Skepticism in India and China

Population of India and China consist of 37 percent of the world. The rise in their economic growth creates more potential consumers through excessive advertising – making a person buy things (products) they don’t desire – which to some extent creates skepticism about its credibility. It even makes the consumer skeptic about the valuable information in the message advertised (Calfee & Ringold, 1994). In this article we will investigate the element of skepticism of consumer in advertising in the light of the economics of information (EOI). Based upon the results obtained, through the survey of Chinese and Indian consumers, it can be interpreted that the economical, social, moral as well as personal usefulness and the regulatory aspects of advertising are taken into account. The results of this study would shoulder to determine the scope of advertising in China and India, and will draw the attention of policy makers on consumers’ skeptic behavior in advertising.
Structure of a viral DNA gatekeeper at 10 Å resolution by cryo‐electron microscopy

In tailed bacteriophages and herpes viruses, the viral DNA is packaged through the portal protein channel. Channel closure is essential to prevent DNA release after packaging. Here we present the connector structure from bacteriophage SPP1 using cryo‐electron microscopy and single particle analysis. The multiprotein complex comprises the portal protein gp6 and the head completion proteins gp15 and gp16. Although we show that gp6 in the connector has a fold similar to that of the isolated portal protein, we observe conformational changes in the region of gp6 exposed to the DNA‐packaging ATPase and to gp15. This reorganization does not cause closure of the channel. The connector channel traverses the full height of gp6 and gp15, but it is closed by gp16 at the bottom of the complex. Gp16 acts as a valve whose closure prevents DNA leakage, while its opening is required for DNA release upon interaction of the virus with its host.