Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SUPOR: Precise and Scalable Sensitive User Input Detection for Android Apps

While smartphones and mobile apps have been an essential part of our lives, privacy is a serious concern. Previous mobile privacy related research efforts have largely focused on predefined known sources managed by smartphones. Sensitive user inputs through UI (User Interface), another information source that may contain a lot of sensitive information, have been mostly neglected. In this paper, we examine the possibility of scalably detecting sensitive user inputs from mobile apps. In particular, we design and implement SUPOR, a novel static analysis tool that automatically examines the UIs to identify sensitive user inputs containing critical user data, such as user credentials, finance, and medical data. SUPOR enables existing privacy analysis approaches to be applied on sensitive user inputs as well. To demonstrate the usefulness of SUPOR, we build a system that detects privacy disclosures of sensitive user inputs by combining SUPOR with off-the-shelf static taint analysis We apply the system to 16,000 popular Android apps, and conduct a measurement study on the privacy disclosures. SUPOR achieves an average precision of 97.3% and an average recall of 97.3% for sensitive user input identification. SUPOR finds 355 apps with privacy disclosures and the false positive rate is 8.7%. We discover interesting cases related to national ID, username/password, credit card and health information.
Reflections on the Application of Reflective Practice for Supervision in Applied Sport Psychology

In the UK, sport psychologists are presently supervised under the auspices of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences (BASES). In the present article, reflective practice is evaluated as a process that can facilitate the supervisory exercise in applied sport psychology (Anderson, Knowles, & Gilbourne, 2004). The material presented was collated via a 3-year longitudinal supervisory process based on the process of staged reflection (Knowles, Gilbourne, Borrie, & Nevill, 2001). The benefits of staged reflective development in the supervision process are highlighted, while differentiating between reflective techniques both in and on action. The present article also considers how different writing styles develop through the different phases of discussion and revisits the challenges associated with representing reflective practice.
Child Maltreatment and Recidivism among Adolescent Detainees

Many studies have examined predictors of recidivism among adolescent detainees. A recent meta-analysis of these predictors indicated that child maltreatment is associated with recidivism. This study expanded on prior work on this topic by using a well-validated self-report instrument to assess abuse and neglect experiences. Results revealed that emotional neglect predicted recidivism during a 6-month follow-up period. Implications and limitations of the findings as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.
Downregulation of Mouse Hepatic CYP3A Protein by 3-Methylcholanthrene Does Not Require Cytochrome P450-Dependent Metabolism

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)–dependent induction of cytochromes P450 (P450) such as CYP1A1 by 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is well characterized. We reported previously that MC treatment triggers a pronounced downregulation, particularly at the protein level, of mouse hepatic Cyp3a11, a counterpart of the key human drug-metabolizing enzyme CYP3A4. To determine whether this effect of MC requires hepatic microsomal P450 activity, we studied liver Cpr-null (LCN) mice with hepatocyte-specific conditional deletion of the NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase gene. In vehicle-treated animals, basal levels of CYP3A11 mRNA and CYP3A protein immunoreactivity were elevated by approximately 9-fold in LCN mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, whereas CYP3A catalytic activity was profoundly compromised in LCN mice. MC treatment caused suppression of CYP3A11 mRNA, CYP3A protein immunoreactivity, and CYP3A catalytic activity in WT mice, and the MC effects at the mRNA and protein levels were maintained in LCN mice. Flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (Fmo3) induction by MC was suggested previously to occur via an AHR-dependent mechanism requiring conversion of the parent compound to DNA-damaging reactive metabolites; however, hepatic FMO3 mRNA levels were dramatically increased by MC in both WT and LCN mice. MC did not function as a mechanism-based inactivator of CYP3A enzymes in hepatic microsomes prepared from untreated WT mice, under conditions in which 1-aminobenzotriazole caused marked NADPH-dependent loss of total P450 content and CYP3A catalytic activity. These results indicate that MC downregulates mouse hepatic CYP3A protein via a pretranslational mechanism that does not require hepatic microsomal P450-dependent activity.
Single Photon Avalanche Diodes: Towards the Large Bidimensional Arrays

Single photon detection is one of the most challenging goals of photonics. In recent years, the study of ultra-fast and/or low-intensity phenomena has received renewed attention from the academic and industrial communities. Intense research activity has been focused on bio-imaging applications, bio-luminescence, bio-scattering methods, and, more in general, on several applications requiring high speed operation and high timing resolution. In this paper we present design and characterization of bi-dimensional arrays of a next generation of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs). Single photon sensitivity, dark noise, afterpulsing and timing resolution of the single SPAD have been examined in several experimental conditions. Moreover, the effects arising from their integration and the readout mode have also been deeply investigated.
Mac‐1 (CD11b/CD18) is the predominant β2 (CD18) integrin mediating human neutrophil migration through synovial and dermal fibroblast barriers

Recently we reported that polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMNL) migration in vitro through a barrier of human synovial fibroblasts (HSF) involves both β2 (CD18) and β1 (CD29) integrins on the PMNL. Here we investigated the role of the β2 integrin family members, lymphocyte function‐associated (LFA)‐1 (αLβ2 or CD11a/CD18) and Mac‐1 (αMβ2 or CD11b/CD18), in PMNL migration through HSF and human dermal fibroblast (HDF) monolayers. Treatment of PMNL with monoclonal antibody (mAb) to LFA‐1 (anti‐αL) did not inhibit PMNL migration through either monolayer in response to C5a. In contrast, mAb to Mac‐1 (CD11b) inhibited (by 30–40%) PMNL migration, and by virtually the same extent as mAb to the β2 integrin chain (CD18) (40% inhibition). Addition of mAb to LFA‐1 to mAb to Mac‐1 did not result in greater inhibition. This was in contrast to PMNL migration through human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVE) monolayers, where mAb to LFA‐1 or to Mac‐1 each partially inhibited PMNL transendothelial migration, and when these mAbs were combined, synergistic inhibition of migration was observed, reaching 90–95% inhibition. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) was not required for Mac‐1 mediated migration through HSF or HDF, because treatment of the fibroblasts with mAb R6.5 (F(ab)2) to ICAM‐1, which blocks the Mac‐1 binding site on ICAM‐1, did not inhibit PMNL migration. An LFA‐1–ICAM‐1 mechanism of PMNL migration through HSF and HDF monolayers could be detected after treatment (4 hr) of the monolayers with TNF‐α plus IFN‐γ, which upregulated ICAM‐1 on the fibroblasts. The results demonstrate the β2 integrin dependent PMNL migration in connective tissue may involve primarily Mac‐1, with little involvement of LFA‐1 or ICAM‐1, a situation in marked contrast to PMNL migration across endothelium. However, in inflammatory conditions in which TNF‐α and/or IFN‐γ may be generated, a role for LFA‐1–ICAM‐1 may be induced.
Alternatives To Speech: A Review of Research On Manual and Other Forms of Communication With the Mentally Handicapped and Other Non-Communicating Populations

Introduction One of the characteristic features of the severely mentally handicapped is their failure to understand and use speech in communication. Although a number of factors such as deafness, dysarthria and deviant skeletal and muscular structures undoubtedly play a part in this failure with some individuals, there seems little doubt that the central feature is a failure to acquire and use the syntactic and semantic skills involved in speech (c.f. Fawcus and Fawcus, 1974). Within the last seven years there has been an increasing interest in the use of alternatives to speech in communication for the mentally handicapped autistic and aphasic individual. These methods have included the use of manual communication and symbolic systems including the Bliss system and the Premack system (Bliss, n.d.; Premack and Premack, 1974). These are typically used in a simultaneous teaching situation in which speech and the alternative method are used together by the teacher (Stokoe, 1975). In North America this approach is termed Total Communication, the use of "all forms of communication available to develop language competence" (Denton, quoted by Christopher, 1976). To this degree the methods are seen as augmenting normal speech in communication rather than as alternatives to speech. However, the methods may be simple alternatives to speech where motor or other problems render speech very unlikely to develop. The term alternative will be used in this review, without implying that the augmentative use is invalid or impossible. This review aims to describe the alternatives available, review published evidence on the effectiveness of the approaches and to discuss potential advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches with mentally handicapped and other non-communicating populations.
Single nucleotide polymorphism hunting in cyberspace

Large‐scale sequencing of human cDNA and genomic DNA libraries has produced a large collection of sequence data in public databases. To date, >900,000 human expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences and >80,000,000 bases of genomic DNA sequence have been deposited in Genbank. This ever‐expanding data set is a rich source of gene‐associated and anonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). DNA sequence variations can be found by comparing the sequences of redundant ESTs and by comparing sequences from overlapping genomic clones. Initial studies have shown that, with proper computer screening, informative SNP markers can be developed from these DNA databases in an efficient and cost‐effective manner. Complete public access to these databases will allow individual investigators to add biological value to the human sequence data generated by large‐scale sequencing centers. Hum Mutat 12:221–225, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
SLCO 1 A 2-MDCKII : a Promising in vitro System to Understand the Role of OATP 1 A 2 in Blood Brain Barrier Drug Penetration

Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (H.L., N.Y., S.L., X.L., Y.L., F.W., J.S.) and Molecular Discovery Research (H.X., G.A.), Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline R&D Shanghai, China; Modelling and Translational Biology (E.H.), Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, UK; Department of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan (S.I., X.Z., H.K.); Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, 1-6 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (Y. S.), and Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7610, United States (B.P., J.D.U.) This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. DMD Fast Forward. Published on April 23, 2015 as DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115. 064170
SMART: Sponsored mobile app recommendation by balancing app downloads and appstore profit

With the explosive growth of smartphone market, mobile applications (short as apps) have recently gained great attention. One mature business paradigm nowadays is that apps can be financially sponsored and appstores can benefit from the distribution of these apps. A good mobile app recommender system should be able to pursue such sponsored profit while maintaining the recommendation quality. We name this scenario as SPONSORED MOBILE APP RECOMMENDATION (SMART), a research topic that has not been fully explored before. To solve this problem, we propose a Similar App Substitution (SAS) principle, stating that among apps with similar properties we can safely select those with high profits. Guided by SAS, we propose a Profit-regularized Kernel Least Square (PKLS) algorithm. In PKLS, multi-kernel representation is applied to capture app properties, the Profit-Per-Download (PPD) of apps serves as regularization, and we design a dynamic learning strategy to update parameters based on user feedbacks. Extensive experiments are conducted with both offline simulation and online deployment on a well-known appstore in China. The results show that our PKLS algorithm achieves better balance between app downloads and appstore profit than the comparison algorithms.
Missile guidance law design using adaptive cerebellar model articulation controller

An adaptive cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) is proposed for command to line-of-sight (CLOS) missile guidance law design. In this design, the three-dimensional (3-D) CLOS guidance problem is formulated as a tracking problem of a time-varying nonlinear system. The adaptive CMAC control system is comprised of a CMAC and a compensation controller. The CMAC control is used to imitate a feedback linearization control law and the compensation controller is utilized to compensate the difference between the feedback linearization control law and the CMAC control. The online adaptive law is derived based on the Lyapunov stability theorem to learn the weights of receptive-field basis functions in CMAC control. In addition, in order to relax the requirement of approximation error bound, an estimation law is derived to estimate the error bound. Then the adaptive CMAC control system is designed to achieve satisfactory tracking performance. Simulation results for different engagement scenarios illustrate the validity of the proposed adaptive CMAC-based guidance law.
Ethics as Critical Practice: The “Pentagon Papers”, Deciding Responsibly, Truth-telling, and the Unsettling of Organizational Morality

This paper contributes to the development of a practice-based understanding of ethics. Ethics is here conceived as a critical practice of questioning and problematizing moral orders and moral rules-in-use in which subjects (re)define their relations to self and others. Situating this conception of ethics in the context of practice theory, we draw upon ideas of responsible decision-making (Derrida) and truth-telling (Foucault) to examine Daniel Ellsberg’s leaking of the “Pentagon Papers” as illustrative of ethics as critical practice.
Sensor localization with Ring Overlapping based on Comparison of Received Signal Strength Indicator

Sensor localization has become an essential requirement for realistic applications over wireless sensor networks (WSN). Radio propagation irregularity and the stringent constraint on hardware cost, however, make localization in WSN very challenging. Range-free localizations are more appealing than range-based ones, since they do not depend on received signal strength to estimate distance and thus need simple and cheap hardware only. In this paper, we propose a ring-overlapping, range-free approach using the Ring Overlapping based on Comparison of Received Signal Strength Indicator (ROCRSSI). Simulation results have verified the high estimation accuracy achieved with ROCRSSI.
Conversation dialog corpora from television and movie scripts

Example-based dialogue systems often require natural conversation templates as examples for response generation. However, in previous work most conversation corpora have been created by hand and do not well portray actual conversations between two people. One way to overcome this problem is to record and transcribe real human-to-human conversation. However, this work is tedious and time consuming. In this work, we utilize conversation scripts from television and movies. We extract conversations from television and movie scripts from the web and perform various types of filtering. In order to ensure that the conversation is performed by two speakers, we introduce a unit of conversation called a tri-turn (a trigram conversation turn) which allow us to filter conversations with more than two speakers. In the end, our conversation corpora contains 86,719 query-response pairs that represent conversation turns performed by two speakers talking to each other.
Towards a social psychology of recreational travel.

This paper examines recreational travel from a social psychological stand-point. According to this approach, an individual's behaviours, cognitions, and feelings about travelling are analyzed against the social background, that is, how the individual influences and is influenced by others. The main question is addressed to the motivation for recreational travel: why do people travel for recreation? Why do they choose this activity over others? While variations in motives can be found between and within individuals and between various types of travel (vacation versus weekend travel), the basic psychological mechanism is likely to be the same for most of recreational travel. It is shown that like leisure behaviour in general, recreational travel is a dialectical optimizing process, in which two forces simultaneously influence a person: the desire to leave the personal and/or interpersonal environment behind oneself and the desire to pursue or gain certain personal and/or interpersonal rewards. This process .
Comment on the Alday-Maldacena solution in calculating scattering amplitude via AdS/CFT

Following the recent proposal of Alday and Maldacena to obtain the strong coupling scattering amplitude in = 4 SYM via AdS/CFT, we point out that a unique solution can be obtained by imposing all the Virasoro constraints. In the case of four-gluon scattering, this solution is identical to the Alday-Maldacena solution, which is in accordance with the ansatz of Bern, Dixon and Smirnov. This also solves the moduli space problem of the four-point solution in a recent paper of Mironov, Morozov and Tomaras.
Geographies and utopias of Cameron's Big Society

This commentary engages with UK Prime Minister David Cameron's concept of the ‘Big Society’ as a cure for issues of multiple deprivation in UK cities. It considers the extent that it can be summarily dismissed as the latest manifestation of processes of neoliberalisation or as a cover for major cuts in public expenditure. In the spirit of the arguments of critics who wish to have an open mind about the benefits or otherwise of neoliberalisation, this paper argues that it is not just those on the political right who have a critique of state action from the top down as a method of solving social problems. A well-funded alliance between professionals and local communities can deliver locally appropriate solutions. Given the UK Coalition Government's commitment to reducing public spending, however, adequate funding is absent, as is a genuine willingness to accept local empowerment or to combat inequality.
Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction.

Impairment of left ventricular function is the major predictor of mortality after acute myocardial infarction, but it is not known whether this is best described by ejection fraction or by end-systolic or end-diastolic volume. We measured volumes, ejection fractions, and severity of coronary arterial occlusions and stenoses in 605 male patients under 60 years of age at 1 to 2 months after a first (n = 443) or recurrent (n = 162) myocardial infarction and followed these patients for a mean of 78 months for survivors (range 15 to 165 months). There were 101 cardiac deaths, 71 (70%) of which were sudden (instantaneous or found dead). Multivariate analysis with log rank testing and the Cox proportional hazards model showed that end-systolic volume (chi 2 = 82.9) had greater predictive value for survival than end-diastolic volume (chi 2 = 59.0) or ejection fraction (chi 2 = 46.6), whereas stepwise analysis showed that once the relationship between survival and end-systolic volume had been fitted, there was no additional significant predictive information in either end-diastolic volume or ejection fraction. Severity of coronary occlusions and stenoses showed additional prediction of only borderline significance (p = .04 in one analysis), but continued cigarette smoking did remain an independent risk factor after stepwise analysis. For a subset of patients (n = 200) who had taken part in a randomized trial of coronary artery surgery after recovery from infarction, surgical "intention to treat" showed no predictive value. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ethanol Inactivated Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Maintain the Self-Renew and Proliferation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Conventionally, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) inactivated by mitomycin C or irradiation were applied to support the self-renew and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). To avoid the disadvangtages of mitomycin C and irradiation, here MEFs were treated by ethanol (ET). Our data showed that 10% ET-inactivated MEFs (eiMEFs) could well maintain the self-renew and proliferation of hESCs. hESCs grown on eiMEFs expressed stem cell markers of NANOG, octamer-binding protein 4 (OCT4), stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA4) and tumour related antigen-1-81 (TRA-1-81), meanwhile maintained normal karyotype after long time culture. Also, hESCs cocultured with eiMEFs were able to form embryoid body (EB) in vitro and develop teratoma in vivo. Moreover, eiMEFs could keep their nutrient functions after long time cryopreservation. Our results indicate that the application of eiMEF in hESCs culture is safe, economical and convenient, thus is a better choice.
Parametric Quality-Estimation Model for Adaptive-Bitrate-Streaming Services

The use of adaptive-bitrate-streaming services over networks has been increasing in recent years. The quality of adaptive-bitrate-streaming services is primarily affected by the video resolution, the audio and video bitrate, bitrate adaptation, stalling due to a lack of playout buffer, and the content length. Therefore, service providers should monitor quality in real time to confirm the normality of their services. To accurately monitor quality, a model that can be used for quality estimation should be developed. To develop such a model, we first conducted extensive subjective quality assessment tests. We then developed a model using the subjective data obtained in the tests. Finally, we verified the performance of the proposed model by applying it to unknown datasets (different from the training datasets used to develop the model) and confirmed its high quality-estimation accuracy.