Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secure base scripts are associated with maternal parenting behavior across contexts and reflective functioning among trauma-exposed mothers

There is growing evidence that “secure-base scripts” are an important part of the cognitive underpinnings of internal working models of attachment. Recent research in middle class samples has shown that secure-base scripts are linked to maternal attachment-oriented behavior and child outcomes. However, little is known about the correlates of secure base scripts in higher-risk samples. Participants in the current study included 115 mothers who were oversampled for childhood maltreatment and their infants. Results revealed that a higher level of secure base scriptedness was significantly related to more positive and less negative maternal parenting in both unstructured free play and structured teaching contexts, and to higher reflective functioning scores on the Parent Development Interview-Revised Short Form. Associations with parent–child secure base scripts, specifically, indicate some level of relationship-specificity in attachment scripts. Many, but not all, significant associations remained after controlling for family income and maternal age. Findings suggest that assessing secure base scripts among mothers known to be at risk for parenting difficulties may be important for interventions aimed at altering problematic parental representations and caregiving behavior.
Random sampling of constrained phylogenies: conducting phylogenetic analyses when the phylogeny is partially known.

Statistical randomization tests in evolutionary biology often require a set of random, computer-generated trees. For example, earlier studies have shown how large numbers of computer-generated trees can be used to conduct phylogenetic comparative analyses even when the phylogeny is uncertain or unknown. These methods were limited, however, in that (in the absence of molecular sequence or other data) they allowed users to assume that no phylogenetic information was available or that all possible trees were known. Intermediate situations where only a taxonomy or other limited phylogenetic information (e.g., polytomies) are available are technically more difficult. The current study describes a procedure for generating random samples of phylogenies while incorporating limited phylogenetic information (e.g., four taxa belong together in a subclade). The procedure can be used to conduct comparative analyses when the phylogeny is only partially resolved or can be used in other randomization tests in which large numbers of possible phylogenies are needed.
Interactive Query Formulation using Point to Point Queries

Effective information disclosure in the context of databases with a large conceptual schema is known to be a non-trivial problem. In particular the formulation of ad-hoc queries is a major problem in such contexts. Existing approaches for tackling this problem include graphical query interfaces, query by navigation, and query by construction. In this article we propose the point to point query mechanism that can be combined with the existing mechanism into an unprecedented computer supported query formulation mechanism. In a point to point query a path through the information structure is build. This path can then be used to formulate more complex queries. A point to point query is typically useful when users know some object types which are relevant for their information need, but do not (yet) know how they are related in the conceptual schema. Part of the point to point query mechanism is therefore the selection of the most appropriate path between object types (points) in the conceptual schema. This article both discusses some of the pragmatic issues involved in the point to point query mechanism, and the theoretical issues involved in finding the relevant paths between selected object types.
Mice Deficient in CIZ/NMP4 Develop an Attenuated Form of K/BxN‐Serum Induced Arthritis

CIZ/NMP4 (Cas interacting zinc finger protein, Nmp4, Zfp384) is a transcription factor that is known to regulate matrix related‐proteins. To explore the possible pathophysiological role of CIZ/NMP4 in arthritis, we examined CIZ/NMP4 expression in articular cartilage in arthritis model. CIZ/NMP4 was expressed in the articular chondrocytes of mice at low levels while its expression was enhanced when arthritis was induced. Arthritis induction increased clinical score in wild type mice. In contrast, CIZ/NMP4 deficiency suppressed such rise in the levels of arthritis score and swelling of soft tissue. CIZ/NMP4 deficiency also reduced invasion of inflammatory cells in joint tissue. Quantitative PCR analyses of mRNA from joints revealed that arthritis‐induced increase in expressions of IL‐1β was suppressed by CIZ/NMP4 deficiency. CIZ/NMP4 bound to IL‐1β promoter and activated its transcription. The increase in CIZ/NMP4 in arthritis was also associated with enhancement in bone resorption and cartilage matrix degradation. In fact, RANKL, a signaling molecule prerequisite for osteoclastogenesis and, MMP‐3, a clinical marker for arthritis were increased in joints upon arthritis induction. In contrast, CIZ/NMP4 deficiency suppressed the arthritis‐induced increase in bone resorption, expression of RANKL and MMP‐3 mRNA. Thus, CIZ/NMP4 plays a role in the development of arthritis at least in part through regulation of key molecules related to the arthritis. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 970–977, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of sensitive symbols on class project selection decisions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the idea that symbols can serve as a cue to group membership and to assess discrimination towards working with individuals displaying certain symbols – the ichthus, the gay pride symbol and the Confederate flag.Design/methodology/approach – This study looked at one particular method (i.e. clothing worn) of revealing one's attitude towards an issue or group, such as the Confederacy or Christianity. This study was designed to test selection preferences for three different symbols each against a control group. The experimental independent variable of symbol had four levels (control, ichthus, gay pride triangle, and Confederate flag). Two subject variables were tested as moderating variables (ethnic identity and Christian identity). Each of these was measured via a questionnaire, and a median split on scores was used to create two groups: strong and weak identity for each scale. The dependent variable was the selection preference for the target individual. Partic.
Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence

Preface to the Third Edition. PART I: Introduction to the Assessment of Adolescent and Adult Intelligence. CHAPTER 1: IQ Tests: Their History, Use, Validity, and Intelligent Interpretation. CHAPTER 2: Heritability and Malleability of IQ and Attacks on the IQ Construct. CHAPTER 3: From the Wechsler-Bellevue I to the WAIS-III. PART II: Individual Differences on Age, Socioeconomic Status, and Other Key Variables. CHAPTER 4: Individual Differences for Adolescents and Adults on Gender, Ethnicity, Urban-Rural Residence, and Socioeconomic Status. CHAPTER 5: Age and Intelligence across the Adult Life Span. PART III: Integration and Application of WAIS-III Research. CHAPTER 6: Research on Administration, Scoring, and Relationships between Wechsler Scales. CHAPTER 7: Factor Analysis of the WAIS-III. CHAPTER 8: Verbal-Performance IQ Discrepancies: A Neuropsychological Approach. CHAPTER 9: Verbal-Performance IQ Discrepancies: A Clinical Approach. PART IV: Interpretation of the WAIS-III Profile: IQs, Factor Indexes, and Subtest Scaled Scores. CHAPTER 10: Profile Interpretation: What the Subtests Measure. CHAPTER 11: WAIS-III Profile Interpretation: Steps 1-7. CHAPTER 12: WAIS-III Profile Interpretation: Steps 8 and 9. PART V: Additional Measures of Adolescent and Adult IQ. CHAPTER 13: Kaufman Adolescent and Adult Intelligence Test (KAIT). CHAPTER 14: Woodcock-Johnson Battery-Third Edition (WJ III) 561 CHAPTER 15: Brief Tests of Intelligence and Related Abilities 629 APPENDIX A: Alternative Approach to Interpreting the WAIS-III: Applying the Theory-Based Flanagan-Kaufman Interpretive Method for the WISC-IV. APPENDIX B: WAIS-III Interpretive Worksheet. APPENDIX C: Norm Tables for Computing Standard Scores on the General Ability Index (GAI) and the Clinical Clusters. APPENDIX D: Watkins and Canivez's Critique of the Kaufman-Lichtenberger Interpretive System and Articulation of a New Theory-Based Approach to Profile Interpretation. References. Name Index. Subject Index.
Reduced auxiliaries in early child language: Converging observational and experimental evidence from French1

Since early studies in language development, scholars have noticed that function words, in particular auxiliaries, often appear to be missing in early speech, with the result that child utterances sometimes exhibit verbs with non-finite morphology in seemingly matrix clauses. This has led to the idea of a ‘deficit’ in the child's syntactic representations. In contrast with previous studies, this article explores the possibility that the child's phonology may considerably impact her overt realization of auxiliaries. Specifically, it examines the hypothesis that non-finite verbs in early speech are in fact attempted periphrastics (i.e. auxiliary/modal+non-finite verb) in which the auxiliaries are just reduced phonetically, often to the point where they remain unpronounced. We studied 28 normally developing French-speaking children aged between 23 and 37 months. New observational data uncovered a continuum in a given child's phonetic realizations of auxiliaries. Children showed various levels of auxiliary reduction, suggesting that their non-finite verbs are best analyzed as being part of periphrastics involving an auxiliary form that represents the endpoint on this continuum, i.e. is (completely) deleted. Further examination of these verbs revealed that their semantics corresponds to the semantics of adult periphrastics. Additionally, the results of an experiment where children imitated sentences with either periphrastic or synthetic verbs showed that responses with non-finite verbs were predominantly produced when the target sentence involved a periphrastic, rather than a synthetic verb.
Characteristics of Randomized Controlled Trials Designed for Elderly: A Systematic Review

Objectives To quantify the proportion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) specifically designed for elderly, and to assess their characteristics, as compared to RCTs not specifically designed for elderly. Design Review and synthesis of published literature. Measurements We searched PubMed for articles published in the year 2012. We included RCTs. Articles were excluded if not conducted with human subjects or if findings of secondary analyses were reported. A random sample of 10% was drawn and of this selection the following trial characteristics were extracted: sample size, disease category, age of sample, and age-related inclusion criteria. Clinical trials were defined to be specifically designed for elderly if a lower age cut-off of ≥ 55 years was used, or when participants had an average age of ≥ 70 years. Results The search strategy yielded 26,740 articles, from which a random sample was drawn, resulting in 2375 articles. After exclusion, data was extracted from 1369 publications. Of these 1369 RCTs, 96 (7%) were specifically designed for elderly. In comparison with trials not designed for older adults, trials designed for elderly contained a significantly larger median number of participants (125 vs. 80, p = 0.008) significantly more trials designed for elderly fell into the disease categories eye (6% vs. 2%, p = 0.005), musculoskeletal (13% vs. 7%, p = 0.023) and circulatory system (16% vs. 9%, p = 0.039). No significant difference was observed with regard to the other disease categories. Conclusion There is a low proportion of RCTs specifically designed for elderly. As older patients will increasingly form the majority in medical practice, there is an urgent need for stronger evidence for the formulation of treatment guidelines specifically for older adults.
Prefetching from a broadcast disk

Broadcast disks have been proposed as a means to efficiently deliver data to clients in "asymmetric" environments where the available bandwidth from the server to the clients greatly exceeds the bandwidth in the opposite direction. A previous study investigated the use of cost based caching to improve performance when clients access the broadcast in a demand driven manner (S. Acharya et al., 1995). Such demand driven access however, does not fully exploit the dissemination based nature of the broadcast, which is particularly conducive to client prefetching. With a broadcast disk, pages continually flow past the clients so that in contrast to traditional environments, prefetching can be performed without placing additional load on shared resources. We argue for the use of a simple prefetch heuristic called PT and show that PT balances the cache residency time of a data item with its bandwidth allocation. Because of this tradeoff, PT is very tolerant of variations in the broadcast program. We describe an implementable approximation for PT and examine its sensitivity to access probability estimation errors. The results show that the technique is effective even when the probability estimation is substantially different from the actual values.
An SDN-based virtual cell framework for enhancing the QoE in TD-LTE pico cells

In this paper, we propose a Software Defined Network (SDN)-based framework for enhanced Quality of Experience (QoE) in the presence of Time Division-Long Term Evolution (TD-LTE) pico-cell hotspots. The proposed framework enables users to utilize radio-resources from multiple base stations and enhance their QoE, by utilizing the concept of virtual cells and by customizing the TD-LTE frame at the picocell stations. In this way, the proposed framework resolves pseudo-congestion and enables elastic radio-resource management while meeting the individual traffic requirements at the end users. The formation of virtual cells is driven by a QoE-centric approach that monitors whether the Mean-Opinion Score (MOS) of specific applications drops below a prescribed user-specific threshold. Accordingly, the TD-LTE frame is centrally optimized by an SDN Controller so as to meet the individual QoE requirements at the end users. System-level simulations demonstrate that the employment of the proposed framework leads to notable improvements in terms of MOS, end-to-end delay and packet loss rate, as compared to existing approaches with static and adaptive frame reconfiguration in TD-LTE picocells.
The influences of preparation and brain states on the time-course of oculomotor control in visual selection

When in time a response is made seems critically important in defining whether visual selection is driven by physical stimulus-salience or goal-driven control. In study 1 we investigated whether observers are able to control the timing of selection and regulate the trade-off between stimulus- and goal-driven influences. Participants were instructed to make a saccade to an orientation target while a cue instructed them to do so either ‘fast’ or ‘accurate’. Relative salience of the target and an irrelevant distractor was manipulated. Performance in the fast-cue condition appeared to be driven by stimulus salience, while in the accurate-cue condition saccades were guided by the search template. A main effect of cue suggests that preparation can bias mechanisms of selection prior to saccadic execution. In study 2, using spontaneous response time variability, we tested the hypothesis that alpha-oscillations (8-12 Hz) occurring in the prestimulus period may influence performance and saccadic reaction times in a visual search task. Using a similar design, MEG and eye movements were measured concurrently. Results revealed that slow oculomotor reaction times in the non-salient target condition were predicted by an overall increase of power in the alpha range. Additionally, higher alpha pre-stimulus activity seems to predict erroneous response similarly for fast and slow saccadic reaction times. When further decomposing the source of the difference between correct and incorrect responses for fast and slow saccadic reaction times, analyses revealed two main sources of activity. Wrong responses for fast saccadic reaction times were anticipated by higher alpha activity occurring in the parietal regions, with sources located in the lateral intraparietal area. The source of alpha activity for the errors occurring in the slow responses was instead located more in the frontal lobes and specifically around the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Cryptanalysis of a Lightweight RFID Authentication Protocol-LRMAP

In this paper, we present an efficient attack against the traceability of the LRMAP, a recently proposed lightweight RFID mutual authentication protocol. The attack benefits from the variance in elapsed time of the reader responses corresponding to the different tag states. We show that LRMAP does not provide untraceability, which is one of its design objectives.
Exponential Stability Analysis for Neural Networks With Time-Varying Delay

This correspondence paper focuses on the problem of exponential stability for neural networks with a time-varying delay. The relationship among the time-varying delay, its upper bound, and their difference is taken into account. As a result, an improved linear-matrix-inequality-based delay-dependent exponential stability criterion is obtained without ignoring any terms in the derivative of Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Multi-objective reinforcement learning method for acquiring all pareto optimal policies simultaneously

This paper studies multi-objective reinforcement learning problems in which an agent gains multiple rewards. In ordinary multi-objective reinforcement learning methods, only a single Pareto optimal policy is acquired by the scalarizing method which uses the weighted sum of the reward vector, and therefore different Pareto optimal policies are acquired by changing the weight vector and by performing the methods again. On the other hand, a method in which all Pareto optimal policies are acquired simultaneously is proposed for problems whose environment model is known. By using the idea of the method, we propose a method that acquires all Pareto optimal policies simultaneously for the multi-objective reinforcement learning problems whose environment model is unknown. Furthermore, we show theoretically and experimentally that the proposed method can find the Pareto optimal policies.
Lexicalized Reordering for Left-to-Right Hierarchical Phrase-based Translation

Phrase-based and hierarchical phrase-based (Hiero) translation models differ radically in the way reordering is modeled. Lexicalized reordering models play an important role in phrase-based MT and such models have been added to CKY-based decoders for Hiero. Watanabe et al. (2006) proposed a promising decoding algorithm for Hiero (LR-Hiero) that visits input spans in arbitrary order and produces the translation in left to right (LR) order which leads to far fewer language model calls and leads to a considerable speedup in decoding. We introduce a novel shift-reduce algorithm to LR-Hiero to decode with our lexicalized reordering model (LRM) and show that it improves translation quality for Czech-English, Chinese-English and German-English.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDY ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS XYLOSUS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

One hundred and fifty urine specimens were collected from urinaray tract infected patients, visiting different hospitals in Baghdad, for the period the first of September to the first of December, 2005. Out of 61 staphylococci isolates, 13 isolates were diagnosed as coagulase positive staphylococci, 48 isolates as coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS), 10 of the latter were identified as Staphylococcus xylosus. This identification was confirmed by biochemical tests and api 20 staph system. All strains of S. xylosus isolates were able to produce protease and haemolysin, and unable to produce lipase, whereas urease activity was variable. S. xylosus isolates showed high susceptibility toward ciprofloxacin and high resistant toward erythromycin. Several pathological changes have been caused by S. xylosus isolates in mice represented by glomerulus shrinkage, heamorrhage, congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in kidney, while the urinary bladder suffered from hydropic degeneration, dekeratiniztation, as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells. It was clear that the urease producing isolate S. xylosus S7 was more virulent than the non urease producing isolate S. xylosus S12.
Decentralized Organizational Learning: An Experimental Investigation

We experimentally study decentralized organizational learning. Our objective is to understand how learning members of an organization cope with the confounding effects of the simultaneous learning of others. We test the predictions of a stylized, rational agent model of organizational learning that provides sharp predictions as to how learning members of an organization might cope with the simultaneous learning of others as a function of fundamental variables, e.g., firm size and the discount factor. While the problem of learning while others are learning is quite difficult, we find support for the comparative static predictions of the model's unique symmetric equilibrium.
Osteogenic stimulatory conditions enhance growth and maturation of endothelial cell microvascular networks in culture with mesenchymal stem cells

To optimize culture conditions for in vitro prevascularization of tissue-engineered bone constructs, the development of organotypic blood vessels under osteogenic stimulatory conditions (OM) was investigated. Coculture of endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells was used to assess proangiogenic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on endothelial cells. Four different culture conditions were evaluated for their effect on development of microvascular endothelial cell networks. Mineralization, deposition of extracellular matrix, and perivascular gene expression were studied in OM. After 3 days, endothelial cells established elongated capillary-like networks, and upregulated expression of vascular markers was seen. After 15 days, all parameters evaluated were significantly increased for cultures in OM. Mature networks developed in OM presented lumens enveloped by basement membrane-like collagen IV, with obvious mineralization and upregulated perivascular gene expression from mesenchymal stem cells. Our results suggest osteogenic stimulatory conditions to be appropriate for in vitro development of vascularized bone implants for tissue engineering.
NanoV: Nanowire-based VLSI design

In the coming decade, CMOS technology is expected to approach its scaling limitations. Among the proposed nanotechnologies, nanowires have the edge in the size of circuits and logic arrays that have already been fabricated and experimentally evaluated. For this technology, logic-level design methodologies are being developed. The time has now come to develop automated tools for implementing VLSI designs using nanowires. In this paper, we discuss a design automation tool, called NanoV, to fulfill this need for nanowires. It is a complete logic-to-layout tool with built-in defect-aware steps since the defect levels in nanotechnologies are expected to be relatively high (between 1 to 10%). We are unaware of any other such comprehensive VLSI design tool for nanowires. We report area/delay/power results for various benchmarks implemented using our tool. We intend to make the tool available on the web.