Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A SIP Based P2P Architecture for Social Networking Multimedia

P2P applications have been seen as one of the most elegant and simple Web applications which stirred a lot of controversy as they were a vehicle for many Web activities which were and are not legal. The P2P technology has been applied to many domains, from applications spanning the space of music downloading to communication system management etc. The grid as a middleware has raised P2P technology to the level of distributed computing. A series of P2P tools have been devised for the design, development and deployment of network based computing. Despite their spread, there are many open issues such as the lack of any centralized control or hierarchical organization. In this paper, a new hybrid architecture in which a P2P solution based on SIP a server to server connectivity on demand. The above serves as the central axis of a platform for media collaboration on the cloud. It is shown that using the new collaborative workspace on the cloud architecture different social networks in can be linked in a peer-to-peer manner. The security issues do not make the subject of this paper. A proof of concept, a use case scenario, and results obtained from its usage in a test environment are given at the end of the paper.
An analysis of the correlation between structural anisotropy and dimensional stability for drawn poly(lactic acid) films

The anisotropic structures found in drawn poly(lactic acid) films are strongly correlated to their overall dimensional stability. Several aspects of this relationship can be efficiently characterized by Raman spectroscopy. We determined the degree of orientation in these drawn films by measuring the relative intensity of the polarized and depolarized components and the shift in the relative band positions. The bandwidth and specific band frequency also correlated well with the degree of sample crystallinity. These aspects make the Raman method amenable for the online monitoring of orientation and crystallinity in commercial processes. A molecular understanding of heat setting to reduce film shrinkage is also proposed. Raman data from films that were heat-set while physically constrained suggest that amorphous-phase relaxation does not occur during heat setting. Rather, the level of crystallinity increases substantially, indicating that the cause of low shrinkage in the films was due to crystalline network formation rather than amorphous-phase relaxation. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 2497–2505, 2001
DNA barcoding reveals Mexican diversity within the freshwater leech genus Helobdella (Annelida: Glossiphoniidae)

We investigated the genetic distances and taxonomic status among species of Helobdella, a genus of non-blood-feeding leeches, based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences. Sampling included 20 specimens representing nine nominal species collected in 11 states in Mexico as well as previously published sequences of different species of Helobdella from several places. A neighbor-joining tree, as well as identification of diagnostic nucleotides, was used to suggest the presence of seven species of Helobdella in Mexico including potentially two undescribed forms.
Adaptive Timestep Control for Nonstationary Solutions of the Euler Equations

In this paper we continue our work on adaptive timestep control for weakly nonstationary problems [C. Steiner and S. Noelle, Internat. J. Numer. Methods Biomedical Engrg. , 26 (2010), pp. 790-806]. The core of the method is a space-time splitting of adjoint error representations for target functionals due to Suli [A posteriori error analysis and adaptivity for finite element approximations of hyperbolic problems, in An Introduction to Recent Developments in Theory and Numerics for Conservation Laws, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. Eng. 5, Springer, Berlin, 1999, pp. 123-194] and Hartmann [Master's thesis, Universitat Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 1998]. The main new ingredients are (i) the extension from scalar, one-dimensional (1D), conservation laws to the two-dimensional (2D) Euler equations of gas dynamics, (ii) the derivation of boundary conditions for a new formulation of the adjoint problem, and (iii) the coupling of the adaptive time-stepping with spatial adaptation. For the spatial adaptation, we use a multiresolution-based strategy developed by Muller [Adaptive Multiscale Schemes for Conservation Laws, Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. Eng. 27, Springer, Berlin, 2003], and we combine this with an implicit time discretization. The combined space-time adaptive method provides an efficient choice of timesteps for implicit computations of weakly nonstationary flows. The timestep will be very large in time intervals of stationary flow and becomes small when a perturbation enters the flow field. The efficiency of the solver is investigated by means of an unsteady inviscid 2D flow over a bump.
Challenges to Ego-Depletion Research Go beyond the Replication Crisis: A Need for Tackling the Conceptual Crisis

One important line of self-control research concerns the phenomenon known as ego-depletion, the negative effect of performing a self-control task (Task 1) on performance on a subsequent self-control task (Task 2). Although a 2010 meta-analysis reported a moderate effect size (d = 0.62) for this phenomenon (Hagger et al., 2010), its replicability has since come under scrutiny with the publication of some replication failures (Xu et al., 2014; Lurquin et al., 2016), including a high-profile study involving 23 laboratories (Hagger et al., 2016). Some researchers even suggest that the ego-depletion effect might not be real and that the reported results primarily reflect publication bias (Carter and McCullough, 2014). This replication crisis has prompted a call for additional replication attempts involving large sample sizes and preregistration (Carter et al., 2015). Although such replication efforts are undoubtedly important, we submit that, unless some fundamental conceptual (and related methodological) issues are more satisfactorily addressed, attempts to evaluate the ego-depletion effect would unlikely be successful. In this article, we outline what we call the conceptual crisis for the ego-depletion literature, explain how these limitations undermine replication attempts, and suggest possible ways to alleviate these problems. We do so by noting some parallel problems that have faced cognitive psychologists studying attention, working memory (WM), and executive functions (EFs), in the hope that such insights might contribute to theoretical and empirical development in ego-depletion research.
Biochemical Parameters and Anthropometry Predict NAFLD in Obese Children

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to build a predictive model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese children. Fifty-six obese 10-year-old children underwent blood tests for biochemical measures and magnetic resonance imaging for NAFLD diagnosis. A model combining waist-to-height ratio, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin, and alanine aminotransferase was accurate in predicting NAFLD (AUROC = 0.94 [95% confidence interval 0.89–0.99], P < 10−5). When adiponectin was not included in the model, the discrimination accuracy was still good (AUROC = 0.88 [95% confidence interval 0.79–0.97], P < 10−5). In conclusion, a predictive equation combining routinely available variables may allow physicians to identify obese children at the highest risk of NAFLD.
Randomized feasible interpolation and monotone circuits with a local oracle

The feasible interpolation theorem for semantic derivations from [J. Krajíček, Interpolation theorems, lower bounds for proof systems, and independence results for bounded arithmetic, J. Symbolic Logic 62(2) (1997) 457–486] allows to derive from some short semantic derivations (e.g. in resolution) of the disjointness of two [Formula: see text] sets [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a small communication protocol (a general dag-like protocol in the sense of Krajíček (1997) computing the Karchmer–Wigderson multi-function [Formula: see text] associated with the sets, and such a protocol further yields a small circuit separating [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] is closed upwards, the protocol computes the monotone Karchmer–Wigderson multi-function [Formula: see text] and the resulting circuit is monotone. Krajíček [Interpolation by a game, Math. Logic Quart. 44(4) (1998) 450–458] extended the feasible interpolation theorem to a larger class of semantic derivations using the notion of a real communication complexity (e.g. to the cutting planes proof system CP). In this paper, we generalize the method to a still larger class of semantic derivations by allowing randomized protocols. We also introduce an extension of the monotone circuit model, monotone circuits with a local oracle (CLOs), that does correspond to communication protocols for [Formula: see text] making errors. The new randomized feasible interpolation thus shows that a short semantic derivation (from a certain class of derivations larger than in the original method) of the disjointness of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] closed upwards, yields a small randomized protocol for [Formula: see text] and hence a small monotone CLO separating the two sets. This research is motivated by the open problem to establish a lower bound for proof system [Formula: see text] operating with clauses formed by linear Boolean functions over [Formula: see text]. The new randomized feasible interpolation applies to this proof system and also to (the semantic versions of) cutting planes CP, to small width resolution over CP of Krajíček [Discretely ordered modules as a first-order extension of the cutting planes proof system, J. Symbolic Logic 63(4) (1998) 1582–1596] (system R(CP)) and to random resolution RR of Buss, Kolodziejczyk and Thapen [Fragments of approximate counting, J. Symbolic Logic 79(2) (2014) 496–525]. The method does not yield yet lengths-of-proofs lower bounds; for this it is necessary to establish lower bounds for randomized protocols or for monotone CLOs.
Buffer AVL Alone Does Not Inactivate Ebola Virus in a Representative Clinical Sample Type

ABSTRACT Rapid inactivation of Ebola virus (EBOV) is crucial for high-throughput testing of clinical samples in low-resource, outbreak scenarios. The EBOV inactivation efficacy of Buffer AVL (Qiagen) was tested against marmoset serum (EBOV concentration of 1 × 108 50% tissue culture infective dose per milliliter [TCID50 · ml−1]) and murine blood (EBOV concentration of 1 × 107 TCID50 · ml−1) at 4:1 vol/vol buffer/sample ratios. Posttreatment cell culture and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis indicated that treatment with Buffer AVL did not inactivate EBOV in 67% of samples, indicating that Buffer AVL, which is designed for RNA extraction and not virus inactivation, cannot be guaranteed to inactivate EBOV in diagnostic samples. Murine blood samples treated with ethanol (4:1 [vol/vol] ethanol/sample) or heat (60°C for 15 min) also showed no viral inactivation in 67% or 100% of samples, respectively. However, combined Buffer AVL and ethanol or Buffer AVL and heat treatments showed total viral inactivation in 100% of samples tested. The Buffer AVL plus ethanol and Buffer AVL plus heat treatments were also shown not to affect the extraction of PCR quality RNA from EBOV-spiked murine blood samples.
1.2-V Supply, 100-nW, 1.09-V Bandgap and 0.7-V Supply, 52.5-nW, 0.55-V Subbandgap Reference Circuits for Nanowatt CMOS LSIs

This paper presents bandgap reference (BGR) and sub-BGR circuits for nanowatt LSIs. The circuits consist of a nano-ampere current reference circuit, a bipolar transistor, and proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) voltage generators. The proposed circuits avoid the use of resistors and contain only MOSFETs and one bipolar transistor. Because the sub-BGR circuit divides the output voltage of the bipolar transistor without resistors, it can operate at a sub-1-V supply. The experimental results obtained in the 0.18-μm CMOS process demonstrated that the BGR circuit could generate a reference voltage of 1.09 V and the sub-BGR circuit could generate one of 0.548 V. The power dissipations of the BGR and sub-BGR circuits corresponded to 100 and 52.5 nW.
Minimally Supervised Question Classification and Answering based on WordNet and Wikipedia

In this paper, we introduce an automatic method for classifying a given question using broad semantic categories in an existing lexical database (i.e., WordNet) as the class tagset. For this, we also constructed a large scale entity supersense database that contains over 1.5 million entities to the 25 WordNet lexicographer’s files (supersenses) from titles of Wikipedia entry. To show the usefulness of our work, we implement a simple redundancy-based system that takes the advantage of the large scale semantic database to perform question classification and named entity classification for open domain question answering. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperform the baseline of not using question classification. 關鍵詞: 自動問題回答,問題分類,辭彙語意資料庫,辭網,維基百科
Mixed reliability video streaming in wireless networks

Video has become an important application for wireless networks as they have become popular for many users and uses. There are challenges delivering video content over a wireless link, both due to the volume of traffic and the high data loss rates experienced. Data loss in compressed media results in errors in the decoded video, and noticeable visual artifacts. These losses can have long-term effects in video display. This paper presents the concept of mixed reliability video streaming (Mixed Streaming), which reduces the impact of video propagation errors in error prone wireless networks. Mixed Streaming delivers a video file using both reliable and best-effort connections. Simulation results show that Mixed Streaming reduces the impact of errors by making sure that errors on reference frames are corrected. Also, the delay cost associated with Mixed Sreaming is reasonable even for fairly high packet loss rates.
Tropical montane nymphalids in Mexico: DNA barcodes reveal greater diversity

Materials and methods: DNA sequences obtained for the Barcode of Life library in the All Lepidoptera Campaign project Nymphalidae of Central Mexico were analyzed as a test of species limits and to explore possible phylogenetic groupings in the Preponini tribe. Using specimens in the National Insect Collection of the Instituto de Biología of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 78 specimens were assayed for cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1. Results: Disregarding the missing data, there were 458 conserved sites, 200 variable sites and 187 parsimony-informative sites. The neighbor-joining and maximum likelihood analyses indicate that none of the three genera of Preponini as currently circumscribed are reciprocally monophyletic. As per species limits, high levels of barcode variation in the Prepona deiphile complex suggest the existence of at least two new endemic species to Mexico. The divergent taxa were escalantiana from the Tuxtlas region in Veracruz, and ibarra from Sierra Madre del Sur in the Pacific states of southern Mexico. The genetic distance in the CO1 fragment between them and the other deiphile populations ranged from 2.7 to 8.0%. Conclusion: We recommend that morphological data need to be re-examined and that additional molecular data for species ought to be gathered before a particular biogeographic model can be proposed for the group in Mesoamerica.
Speech Animation Using Viseme Space

A method for realistic face animation is proposed. In particular it focuses on speech animation. When asked to animate a face it replicates the 3D ’visemes’ that it has learned from talking actors, and adds the necessary coarticulation effects. The speech animation could be based on as few as 16 modes, extracted through Independent Component Analysis from different face dynamics. The exact deformation fields that come with the different visemes are adapted by the system to take the shape of the given face into account. By localising the face to be animated in a face space, where also the locations of the neutral example faces are known, visemes are adapted automatically according to the relative distance with respect to these examples.
Effect of Chronic Smoking on Fibrinolysis

The aim of the study was to Investigate the long-term chronic effects of smoking on the flbrinolytic enzyme system by comparing two groups of healthy male volunteers (aged 30 to 40 years). One group consisted of 15 habitual smokers who consumed 20 or more cigarettes a day; the other consisted of 15 nonsmokers. Flbrlnolysls was studied at rest (baseline) and after Infusion of 1-desamino-8-D-arglnlne vasopressln (DDAVP; 0.4 μg/kg body weight). Smokers had significantly lower baseline blood flbrinolytic activity as determined by the overall assays: dilute blood clot lysis (p ⩾ 0.05) and euglobulln-flbrln plate assay (p ⩾ 0.05). Further analysis showed that these low activities could be attributed to a lower baseline level of extrinsic tissue-type plasmlnogen activator (t-PA) activity (p ⩾ 0.05) In the smokers. There were no significant differences between the groups In various flbrinolytic Inhibitors or In the Intrinsic flbrinolytic activation pathways. The Increased levels of t-PA activity and factor VIM R:Ag In response to DDAVP were also reduced in the smokers (p ⩾ 0.01). The relative increase (ratio of post-DDAVP activity/baseline activity) for these parameters was not significantly different for the two groups. Smokers also had significantly higher levels of the acute phase reactants, α-antitryp (p ⩾ 0.002) and plasmlnogen (p ⩾ 0.02) and C-reactlve protein (p ⩾ 0.01). We suggest that in smokers the endothelial cells show a normal responsiveness to DDAVP stimulation, but produce less t-PA activity and factor VIII R:Ag. This may be significant for the risk of cardiovascular disease in smokers.
Noncoherent Modulation for MIMO Training and Capacity Analysis

In this paper, we deal with noncoherent communications over multi-input/multi-output (MIMO) wireless links where the fading coefficients are not available to either the transmitter or the receiver. For a Rayleigh flat block-fading channel with M transmit and N receive antennas and a channel coherence interval of length T , it is well-known that for T À M , or, at high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) (ρ À 1,M ≤ min{N, bT/2c}), the random unitary space-time modulation (USTM) is capacity-achieving, but incurs demodulation complexity that is exponential in T . On the other hand, conventional training-based schemes that rely on known pilot symbols for channel estimation simplify the receiver design, but they induce certain SNR loss due to channel estimation errors, which is asymptotically as high as 2.17dB. To achieve desirable tradeoffs between performance and complexity, we propose a novel training approach where USTM symbols with a short length Tτ (< T ) are used as pilots which can carry information to the receiver. This new approach can reduce considerably the receiver complexity since Tτ is usually a fraction of T , and it can also recover some of the SNR loss experienced by the conventional training-based schemes. When ρ → ∞ and T ≥ Tτ ≥ 2M = 2N →∞, but the ratios α = M/T, α1 = Tτ/T are fixed, we obtain analytical expressions of the asymptotic SNR loss for both the conventional and new training-based approaches, which serve as a guideline for practical designs. Numerical results are also given, to verify the usefulness of our asymptotic results.
Angiotensin Receptor Agonistic Autoantibody-Mediated Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 Induction Contributes to Impaired Adrenal Vasculature and Decreased Aldosterone Production in Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening hypertensive disorder during pregnancy associated with decreased circulating aldosterone levels. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying aldosterone reduction in PE remain unidentified. Here we demonstrate that reduced circulating aldosterone levels in preeclamptic women are associated with the presence of angiotensin II type 1 receptor agonistic autoantibody and elevated soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, 2 prominent pathogenic factors in PE. Using an adoptive transfer animal model of PE, we provide in vivo evidence that the injection of IgG from women with PE, but not IgG from normotensive individuals, resulted in hypertension, proteinuria, and a reduction in aldosterone production from 1377±272 pg/mL to 544±92 pg/mL (P<0.05) in pregnant mice. These features were prevented by coinjection with an epitope peptide that blocks antibody-mediated angiotensin type 1 receptor activation. In contrast, injection of IgG from preeclamptic women into nonpregnant mice induced aldosterone levels from 213±24 pg/mL to 615±48 pg/mL (P<0.05). These results indicate that maternal circulating autoantibody in preeclamptic women is a detrimental factor causing decreased aldosterone production via angiotensin type 1 receptor activation in a pregnancy-dependent manner. Next, we found that circulating soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 was only induced in autoantibody-injected pregnant mice but not nonpregnant mice. As such, we further observed vascular impairment in adrenal glands of pregnant mice. Finally, we demonstrated that infusion of vascular endothelial growth factor121 attenuated autoantibody-induced adrenal gland vascular impairment resulting in a recovery in circulating aldosterone (from 544±92 to 1110±269 pg/mL; P<0.05). Overall, we revealed that angiotensin II type 1 receptor agonistic autoantibody-induced soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 elevation is a novel pathogenic mechanism underlying decreased aldosterone production in PE.
Loss of Matrix Adhesion Triggers Rapid Transformation-Selective Apoptosis in Fibroblasts

Cell–matrix and cell–cell adhesion are recognized physiological determinants of cell growth and survival. In epithelial and endothelial cell systems, oncogenic transformation has in several cases been shown to confer resistance to apoptosis upon depriving cells of substrate adhesion. We examined the effects of oncogenic transformation in adherent versus adhesion- deprived primary embryonic fibroblasts. Whereas untransformed early passage fibroblasts undergo cell cycle arrest, their Myc/Ras- or E1A/Ras-transformed counterparts rapidly enter apoptosis when placed into suspension. This phenomenon also occurs upon incubation with a soluble, RGD-containing integrin ligand and is blocked by a peptide antagonist to ICE family proteases or by aggregation of cells plated at high density. Loss of wild-type p53 modulates the kinetics but does not abrogate this death pathway. Transformation with activated Src rather than Ras rendered fibroblasts selectively resistant to adhesion-dependent apoptosis, an effect likely related to Src's role in integrin signaling, while simultaneously sensitizing the cells to radiation-induced apoptosis. Thus cell adhesion events regulate transformation-selective apoptosis in fibroblasts and provide potentially important targets for understanding and interfering with tumor cell viability.