Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photoprotective Energy Dissipation Involves the Reorganization of Photosystem II Light-Harvesting Complexes in the Grana Membranes of Spinach Chloroplasts[W]

The rapidly reversible macrostructural changes in higher-plant chloroplast thylakoid membrane organization accompanying photoprotective energy dissipation (qE) are studied using freeze-fracture electron and laser confocal microscopy. qE is shown to involve the aggregation of light-harvesting complexes and their segregation from photosystem II. Plants must regulate their use of absorbed light energy on a minute-by-minute basis to maximize the efficiency of photosynthesis and to protect photosystem II (PSII) reaction centers from photooxidative damage. The regulation of light harvesting involves the photoprotective dissipation of excess absorbed light energy in the light-harvesting antenna complexes (LHCs) as heat. Here, we report an investigation into the structural basis of light-harvesting regulation in intact spinach (Spinacia oleracea) chloroplasts using freeze-fracture electron microscopy, combined with laser confocal microscopy employing the fluorescence recovery after photobleaching technique. The results demonstrate that formation of the photoprotective state requires a structural reorganization of the photosynthetic membrane involving dissociation of LHCII from PSII and its aggregation. The structural changes are manifested by a reduced mobility of LHC antenna chlorophyll proteins. It is demonstrated that these changes occur rapidly and reversibly within 5 min of illumination and dark relaxation, are dependent on ΔpH, and are enhanced by the deepoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin.
Formation of a talking space and gender discourses in digital diaspora space: Case of a female Korean im/migrants online community in the USA

This article explores an online community of female Korean im/migrants in the USA in order to investigate the formation of a digital diaspora of women on the web. Employing multiple research methods including in-depth interviews, textual analysis, and participatory observation, this article examines the largest online community of female Korean im/migrants in the USA (www.MissyUSA.com), focusing on how their unique talking space was created on this site and the ways in which the relevant gender discourses are presented and constructed in relation to their diasporic conditions. The findings show that these women's shared identity (i.e. being Korean, married, female, and living in the USA) is an important element in the formation and development of this online community, especially in the creation of a candid talking space – sokpuri – where they vent their innermost feelings about their lives in the USA. The Missy and ajuma are the two salient identity discourses and selective use and flexible appropriation of the terms are found. The ajuma image (less individualistic, more active in sharing information and helping others) is adopted when these women identify their online community as a place where the empowering ajuma spirit is alive; meanwhile, they still adopt the Missy image of a young, independent, and modern woman for their individual identities, despite its consumerist origin. Although the issues of housewifization and having an enhanced gender relationship are quite often discussed, this online community has a limitation in that it does not produce a consistent and systematic challenging voice.
Collective experience of inclusion, diversity, and performance in work groups

This conceptual paper addresses the presumed interactive effects of work group inclusion and diversity on work group performance. Building on prior theory and research focusing on individual-level inclusion, we put forth the construct of collective experience of inclusion, the aggregated degree to which members of a group feel valued by, engaged with, and able to express themselves authentically within their work group, both as individuals and as members of multiple identity groups. We propose that collective experience of inclusion will be positively associated with indicators of the group's performance. This relationship, we further propose, will be moderated by the diversity of the group's membership, such that, as diversity increases, the positive effects of the collective experience of inclusion on performance will be enhanced. Finally, we propose that variation in the degree to which individuals experience inclusion in the group, as assessed with an index of dispersion in the experience of inclusion, will further moderate this effect, and attenuate the positive interactive effects of collective experience of inclusion and diversity on performance.
Impact of exercise testing mode on exercise parameters in patients with chronic heart failure

Aim: To verify the impact of testing mode on maximal, sub-maximal parameters and on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) derived prognostic markers in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Method: 55 patients (age 60.3 years ±11.1) with CHF (ejection fraction 26 %±8) underwent a maximal CPET on a bicycle and on a treadmill, in a random order, within one week. Maximal, sub-maximal parameters and CPET derived prognostic markers were compared. Results: VO2peak and VO2peak corrected for lean body mass were significantly higher on treadmill compared to bicycle (+11%, p < 0.0001). This was also the case for the following sub-maximal parameters; heart rate, workload and VO2 at ventilatory anaerobic threshold and VO2 at the respiratory compensation point (RCP). In contrast, both VE/VCO2 slopes (start to RCP and start to end test) were similar. Time to ½ VO2peak was longer and circulatory power was higher on the treadmill compared to exercise testing on the bicycle. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the mode of exercise testing significantly affects absolute values for VO2peak but does not greatly impact the prognostic utility of the VE/VCO2 slope in patients with moderate to severe CHF. Besides the consequences of these findings in terms of prognostication, testing mode should be taken into consideration when exercise prescription is based on VO2peak.
Do political parties matter for turnout? Number of parties, electoral rules and local elections in Brazil and Bolivia

Does the number of political parties influence voter turnout in developing democracies? Some scholars argue that large party systems facilitate matching voter preferences with a specific party, increasing turnout. Others argue multiparty systems produce too many alternatives, decreasing turnout. In developing democracies, there is debate over whether these institutions matter at all. We argue that party systems do matter for turnout in developing countries, but the relationship between turnout and the number of political parties is conditional on the electoral formula. Under proportional representation systems, large numbers of parties increase turnout. Under winner take all systems, large numbers of parties depress turnout. Since electoral rules also influence the number of parties, we use an innovative sub-national research design, taking advantage of local variation in the number of parties that is largely unrelated to the electoral system. Specifically, we test these relationships by analysing turnout data at the municipal level in Brazil and Bolivia, countries with very different electoral rules. Overall, we find evidence that party systems influence turnout, but in different ways depending on the election rules.
An Optimal Decision Procedure for MPNL over the Integers

Interval temporal logics provide a natural framework for qualitative and quantitative temporal reasoning over interval structures, where the truth of formulae is defined over intervals rather than points. In this paper, we study the complexity of the satisfiability p roblem for Metric Propositional Neighborhood Logic (MPNL). MPNL features two modalities to access intervals “to the left” and “to the right” of the current one, respectively, plus an infinite set of length constraints. MPNL, interpreted over the naturals, has been recently shown to be decidable by a doubly exponential procedure. We improve such a result by proving that MPNL is actually EXPSPACE-complete (even when length constraints are encoded in binary), when interpreted over fi nite structures, the naturals, and the integers, by developing an EXPSPACE decision procedure for MPNL over the integers, which can be easily tailored to finite linear orders and the naturals (EXP SPACE-hardness was already known).
When Unwed Mothers Marry

The promotion of marriage and two-parent families as a strategy to reduce welfare dependency continues to be a major public policy goal of the 1996 welfare reform. Based on the assumption that women will marry employed men and that their earnings will lift poor mothers and their children from public dependency, this objective raises important policy questions. In this article, the authors investigate the extent to which unwed mothers—a large proportion of all welfare mothers—enter into and maintain stable cohabiting and marital relationships with economically attractive men. Using retrospective data on relationship histories for 3,872 women from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth, the authors examine the marital life course of unwed mothers and document the social and economic characteristics of their partners at midlife. Their marital search model shows that nonmarital childbearing is adversely associated with the ability to marry economically attractive men and maintain long-term marital unions.
MEIOTIC CONJUNCTIVE ELEMENTS NOT INVOLVING CHIASMATA.

18 Although large numbers of ribosomes sediment with nuclei and mitochondria, most of these ribosomes are not actually bound to these structures. Indeed, if nuclei and over 95% of the mitochondria are removed by centrifuging at 8500 grnax for 10 min,9 considerable quantities of ribosomes whose size distribution is nearly identical to that of those from Fractions I and II can be recovered in the pellet obtained by further centrifugation at the speed conventionally used to prepare the postmitochondrial supernatant fraction (20,000 gmax for 20 min). 19 Schneider, W. C. , and G. H. Hogeboom, J. Biol. Chem., 183, 123 (1950). 20 Britten, R. J., and R. B. Roberts, Science, 131, 32 (1960). 21 Increasing the concentration of ribosomes layered onto the gradient did not substantially change the pattern of polyribosome size distribution but did result in some loss of resolution of the individual peaks.
Reframing and reconsidering the cultural innovations of the anime boom on US television

The Japanese animation (i.e. anime) boom on US television, which caused a great sensation in the early 2000s, is over. This article explores the business mechanisms that created this boom, the cultural innovations it stimulated, and some of the reasons for its decline. Methodologically, I argue that instead of analyzing the anime boom as an epochal break, it should be analyzed within the context of postwar animation as a global creative industry since the 1960s. By thus reframing it, I can delineate new distribution channels of anime since the 1990s. I also demonstrate that, beyond more series and new genres, the anime boom helped push the envelope of US animation towards adult-oriented productions and that ‘anime’ became a source of inspiration for US animators for formulations of cultural otherness. I argue that the end of the boom was unavoidable because in global creative industries cultural innovations soon become the industry’s mainstay. Finally, I consider the possible futures of the ‘local–global’ nexus in the animation industry.
The Semantic Discrimination Rate Metric for Privacy Measurements which Questions the Benefit of t-closeness over l-diversity

After a brief description of k-anonymity, l-diversity and t-closeness techniques, the paper presents the Discrimination Rate (DR) as a new metric based on information theory for measuring the privacy level of any anonymization technique. As far as we know, the DR is the first approach supporting fine grained privacy measurement down to attribute’s values. Increased with the semantic dimension, the resulting semantic DR (SeDR) enables to: (1) tackle anonymity measurements from the attacker’s perspective, (2) prove that tcloseness can give lower privacy protection than l-diversity.
Adoptive Families: The Effects of Early Relational Deprivation in Children Adopted from Eastern European Orphanages

Sources of variation in security of attachment and the effects of early institutionalization on the development of attachment were investigated in 124 adoptive families. Participants included 124 children adopted from Eastern European orphanages and their parents. The quality of their attachment relationships varied significantly, depending, in part, on characteristics of both the child and the parent. Specifically, low-secure children had more atypical behavior problems, more developmental delays, and parents who reported significantly more parenting stress than children classified as midsecure and high secure. Regression analysis revealed that the detached and hypersensitive/active behavior ratings, along with the present number of developmental delays, predicted significant amounts of variance associated with security of attachment. Children’s security of attachment scores were not associated with any aspect of their institutional environment but were related to particular child and family characteristics.
Synthesis of a sliding loss-free resistor based on a semi-bridgeless boost rectifier for power factor correction applications

In this work a Loss-Free Resistor (LFR) based on a semi-bridgeless boost rectifier is synthesized using sliding mode control. A better efficiency can be obtained from bridgeless boost converters because of their reduced conduction losses in comparison the traditional PFC boost converters. Although different bridgeless topologies have been presented, the semi-bridgeless topology presents less common-mode noise and its practical implementation is more suitable. Sliding mode control is proposed to achieve a LFR behaviour and, therefore, its application in power factor correction is possible.
Online Polygamy or Virtual Bride

The developments that were experienced in the communication and technology area made Internet an important part of the daily life. In this respect, with the development of Internet, the changes in the social structure are closely connected with the lifestyles, attitudes, and behaviors of the people. In the study, the phenomena of virtual fellow wife and polygamy are researched and analyzed. A qualitative research, which is based on the observation fundamentally and richened with a survey and in-depth interviews, is carried out in accordance with the ethnographic research that is used in this study. The behavior-oriented observations are performed and the oral reports are arranged with the requirements that the research is performed in the natural environment. In the research, we see that two arguments such as “I have been never remorseful because I am brought/I come as a fellow wife virtually” and “Bringing a fellow wife is not a question, it is our tradition” showed the highest attitudes.
NEI: A Framework for Dynamic News Event Exploration and Visualization

Nowadays, there are many events reported by News Media everyday, which contains a massive number of news. People are getting more and more interested in understanding how an event evolves after it happens. News related to the same event or similar events usually has more common entities and stronger topic correlations, which is a new perspective to study news event. Due to the complexity of event evolving process, event visualization has been a big challenge for a long time. In this paper, we design a novel four-phase framework NEI(News Event Insight) that focuses on visualizing a news event properly and clearly, namely (1)Entity Topic Modeling. We extract topics and entities through timeline. (2)Temporal Topic Correlation Analysis. Based on the topic modeling result, we design two methods to select hot topics and build links for them. (3)Keyword Extraction. Specially, we combine string frequency with syntax features and use language models to acquire candidate keywords for representing topics. (4)Visualization. Visualization demonstrates the quantifying properties of topics related to a certain event. A case study shows our framework achieves promising results on both single event and similar events.
Religious diversity and reasonable accommodation in the workplace in six European countries

After a period during which many in the West, especially Europe, expected religion to progressively fade away from public life, for various reasons religion has, over the last two decades, re-established itself as a phenomenon to be reckoned with in the globalized West. It has also become a favoured research topic for, amongst others, social scientists and legal scholars. While the European Union (EU) has a limited competency when it comes to matters of religion, in 2000 an important Directive was adopted, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of religion or belief in the area of employment. The EU’s interest, however, extends beyond the anti-discrimination framework, explaining why in 2010 it funded a three-year multidisciplinary project on religious diversity and secularism in Europe (RELIGARE). One of the areas of investigation, illustrating the various tensions that arise when religious claims are formulated in 21st-century Europe, concerned the area of employment and labour relations. This article provides an introduction – philosophical, legal and sociological – to a special issue with six contributions drawing from sociological data collected within the RELIGARE project. From a sociological perspective, these contributions illustrate the challenges and tensions raised by religion and belief both in secular workplaces (the individual religious freedom cluster) and in faith-based or religious ethos workplaces (the collective religious freedom cluster) in England, the Netherlands, Denmark, Bulgaria, France and Turkey.
Multi target direction-of-arrival tracking using road priors

In this paper, we present a multi target particle filter DOA tracker that can incorporate road prior information at a single array node. The filter uses a batch of DOA's to determine the state vector, based on an image template matching idea. The filter likelihood is derived with the joint probability density association principles so that no DOA measurement is associated to more than one target. The filter state update has the target DOA, the target velocity over range ratio, and the target heading parameters. We present two approaches for incorporating the road information. In the first approach, the road prior is injected at the weighting stage of the tracker, where a raised mixture Gaussian distribution, derived from the road headings at the target DOA, constraints the particles. The second approach is based on modifying the state update function with a compound model, where a mixture of the constant velocity model and the road information is used. In this case, the filter uses an online EM algorithm to update the state vector along with the mixture components. Computer simulations demonstrate the performance of the approaches
Prediction of organ‐specific complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair using cardiopulmonary exercise testing

This study aimed at assessing whether measures of aerobic fitness can predict postoperative cardiac and pulmonary complications, 30‐day mortality and length of hospital stay following elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. We prospectively collected cardiopulmonary exercise testing data over two years for 130 patients. Upon multivariate analysis, a decreased anaerobic threshold (OR (95% CI) 0.55 (0.37–0.84); p = 0.005) and open repair (OR (95% CI) 6.99 (1.56–31.48); p = 0.011) were associated with cardiac complications. Similarly, an increased ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (OR (95% CI) 1.18 (1.05–1.33); p = 0.005) and open repair (OR (95% CI) 14.29 (3.24–62.90); p < 0.001) were associated with pulmonary complications. Patients who had an endovascular repair had shorter hospital and critical care lengths of stay (p < 0.001). Measures of fitness were not associated with 30‐day mortality or length of hospital stay. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing variables, therefore, seem to predict different postoperative complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, which adds value to their routine use in risk stratification and optimisation of peri‐operative care.
A Secure Semi-Fragile Watermarking for Image Authentication Based on Integer Wavelet Transform with Parameters Abstract

Semi-fragile watermark fragile to malicious modifications while robust to incidental manipulations is drawing many attentions in image authentication. However, watermark security has not received enough attention yet. Lifting scheme can construct second generation wavelets. With regard to the first generation wavelets, its implementation is easier, simpler and faster than the Mallat algorithm. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-fragile watermarking scheme for image authentication based on integer wavelet transform with parameters. The features of the proposed scheme are as follows: i) Parameterized integer wavelet transform is constructed. The wavelet base is chosen by a parameter and thus guarantees the security of the watermark. ii) The performance of the generated watermark is improved and the computation complexity is reduced due to the proposed framework of parameterized integer wavelet transform using lifting scheme. iii) The watermark can tolerate JPEG lossy compression as low as quality of 40% while locate the tampered area accurately. To our best knowledge, such performance to resist JPEG compression for semi-fragile watermarking has not been reported in the literature. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can guarantee the safety of the watermark and locate the tamper area accurately when the image has been suffered from malicious tamper while tolerating JPEG lossy compression to a large extent.
Manual therapy ameliorates delayed-onset muscle soreness and alters muscle metabolites in rats

Delayed‐onset muscle soreness (DOMS) can be induced by lengthening contraction (LC); it can be characterized by tenderness and movement‐related pain in the exercised muscle. Manual therapy (MT), including compression of exercised muscles, is widely used as physical rehabilitation to reduce pain and promote functional recovery. Although MT is beneficial for reducing musculoskeletal pain (i.e. DOMS), the physiological mechanisms of MT remain unclear. In the present study, we first developed an animal model of MT in DOMS; LC was applied to the rat gastrocnemius muscle under anesthesia, which induced mechanical hyperalgesia 2–4 days after LC. MT (manual compression) ameliorated mechanical hyperalgesia. Then, we used capillary electrophoresis time‐of‐flight mass spectroscopy (CE‐TOFMS) to investigate early effects of MT on the metabolite profiles of the muscle experiencing DOMS. The rats were divided into the following three groups; (1) normal controls, (2) rats with LC application (LC group), and (3) rats undergoing MT after LC (LC + MT group). According to the CE‐TOFMS analysis, a total of 171 metabolites were detected among the three groups, and 19 of these metabolites were significant among the groups. Furthermore, the concentrations of eight metabolites, including branched‐chain amino acids, carnitine, and malic acid, were significantly different between the LC + MT and LC groups. The results suggest that MT significantly altered metabolite profiles in DOMS. According to our findings and previous data regarding metabolites in mitochondrial metabolism, the ameliorative effects of MT might be mediated partly through alterations in metabolites associated with mitochondrial respiration.