Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LEDGF/p75 Is Essential for Nuclear and Chromosomal Targeting of HIV-1 Integrase in Human Cells*

We have reported that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) forms a specific nuclear complex with human lens epithelium-derived growth factor/transcription co-activator p75 (LEDGF/p75) protein. We now studied the IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction and nuclear import of IN in living cells using fusions of IN and LEDGF/p75 with enhanced green fluorescent protein and far-red fluorescent protein HcRed1. We show that both the N-terminal zinc binding domain and the central core domains of IN are involved in the interaction with LEDGF/p75. Both domains are essential for nuclear localization of IN as well as for the association of IN with condensed chromosomes during mitosis. However, upon overexpression of LEDGF/p75, the core domain fragment of IN was recruited to the nuclei and mitotic chromosomes with a distribution pattern characteristic of the full-length protein, indicating that it harbors the main determinant for interaction with LEDGF/p75. Although the C-terminal domain of IN was dispensable for nuclear/chromosomal localization, a fusion of the C-terminal IN fragment with enhanced green fluorescent protein was found exclusively in the nucleus, with a diffuse nuclear/nucleolar distribution, suggesting that the C-terminal domain may also play a role in the nuclear import of IN. In contrast to LEDGF/p75, its alternative splice variant, p52, did not interact with HIV-1 IN in vitro and in living cells. Finally, RNA interference-mediated knock-down of endogenous LEDGF/p75 expression abolished nuclear/chromosomal localization of IN. We conclude, therefore, that the interaction with LEDGF/p75 accounts for the karyophilic properties and chromosomal targeting of HIV-1 IN.
Restricted Causal Inference Algorithm

This paper proposes a new algorithm for recovery of belief network structure from data handling hidden variables. It consists essentially in an extension of the CI algorithm of Spirtes et al. by restricting the number of conditional dependencies checked up to k variables and in an extension of the original CI by additional steps transforming so called partial including path graph into a belief network. Its correctness is demonstrated.
Evaluation of cartilage repair and osteoarthritis with sodium MRI

The growing need for early diagnosis and higher specificity than that which can be achieved with morphological MRI is a driving force in the application of methods capable of probing the biochemical composition of cartilage tissue, such as sodium imaging. Unlike morphological imaging, sodium MRI is sensitive to even small changes in cartilage glycosaminoglycan content, which plays a key role in cartilage homeostasis. Recent advances in high‐ and ultrahigh‐field MR systems, gradient technology, phase‐array radiofrequency coils, parallel imaging approaches, MRI acquisition strategies and post‐processing developments have resulted in many clinical in vivo sodium MRI studies of cartilage, even at 3 T. Sodium MRI has great promise as a non‐invasive tool for cartilage evaluation. However, further hardware and software improvements are necessary to complete the translation of sodium MRI into a clinically feasible method for 3‐T systems. This review is divided into three parts: (i) cartilage composition, pathology and treatment; (ii) sodium MRI; and (iii) clinical sodium MRI studies of cartilage with a focus on the evaluation of cartilage repair tissue and osteoarthritis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors influencing bar-code verification by nurses during medication administration in a Dutch hospital.

PURPOSE Factors influencing the bar-code verification by nurses during medication administration in a Dutch hospital were studied. SUMMARY The use of bar-code verification during medication administration in five medical departments was recorded daily for three weeks. These data were collected via electronic medication administration records. The frequency of bar-code verification was calculated as a percentage of all administrations, corrected for the availability of bar-coded packages. Nurses were asked why bar-code verification was not always used. A total of 23,492 medication administrations were recorded, 15,162 (64.5%) of which required bar-code verification. Bar-code verification was significantly influenced by the medical department, deviation between prescribed and administered times, administration route of the drug, number of nurses available in each department, and age of the nurse. The five most cited reasons for not verifying bar codes were difficulties in scanning bar codes on the medication labels, lack of awareness of bar codes on medication labels, delays in responses from the computerized system, shortage of time, and administration of medication before prescription. CONCLUSION Nurses verified the bar codes of only about half of medications administered to patients. Various factors influenced the frequency of bar-code verification by nurses except the number of medications administered. More education regarding medication safety is warranted to increase compliance to a bar-code-enabled point-of-care system.
Flexible Titanium Nailing for the Treatment of the Unstable Pediatric Tibial Fracture

Tibia fractures in the skeletally immature patient can usually be treated without surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the use of flexible titanium nails in the tibia that requires operative stabilization. Over a 5-year period, 16 unstable tibia fractures in 14 patients were treated with flexible titanium intramedullary nails. All charts and radiographs were reviewed. The average age was 10 years 4 months. There were three open fractures. All fractures healed. Closed injuries obtained union by an average of 8 weeks, open fractures by an average of 15 weeks. There were no malunions. The average follow-up was 1 year 5 months. There were no instances of growth arrest, remanipulations, or refracture. In the unstable pediatric tibia fracture, flexible titanium nails are an effective treatment to obtain and maintain alignment and stability.
An Historical Method for MIS Research: Steps and Assumptions

Historical research offers perspectives on phenomena that are unavailable by any other methodological means. They reflect the cultural circumstances and ideological assumptions that underlie phenomena and the role played by key decision makers together with long-term economic, social, and political forces in creating them. Each of these benefits is accompanied by limitations such as, in most cases, a lack of mathematical tractability. The careful application of historical methods can overcome some of these limitations. A seven-step methodology is proposed: begin with focusing questions, specify the domain, gather evidence, critique the evidence, determine patterns, tell the story, and write the transcript.
Automatic estimation of users' verbal intelligence

Words Abstract words are words or concepts that cannot be grasped by the human senses and that do not provoke a corresponding image in the mind. In the German language, abstract words may be constructed from adjectives and verbs with an emotional tone, for example ärgern Ärger (to make angry anger), hassen Hass (to hate hatred), blöd Blödheit (foolish foolishness), dumm Dummheit (stupidly stupidity). Usually these words have suffixes -heit, -keit, -ung (Schönheit (beauty), Zärtlichkeit (tenderness), Täuschung (deception)). The number of abstract words is an important feature in psychological studies [Walter, 2008; Mergenthaler, 1996]. For instance, the proportion of abstract and emotion words during psychotherapeutic sessions reflects the psychic state of a patient and may show the effectiveness of therapy [Mergenthaler, 1998b, 2000]. Abstract words are frequently used by individuals with a high “strength of their need for achievement” [McClelland et al., 1953]. Individuals with a low need of achievements used more negations and dependent clauses. In this work, the number of abstract words in monologues and dialogues were measured using a program CM [Mergenthaler, 1998a]. A more detailed description of this tool is presented in Section 4.2. 2.
Textural Properties of Sorghum Dough

Textural properties of dough prepared from the flours of eight sorghum cultivars were evaluated subjectively and also measured using a back-extrusion cell in an Instron Food Testing Instrument. The force and energy required for the extrusion of good quality cohesive dough were high. A poor quality dough was compressed into the cell without extrusion. The influence of flour-water-soluble components on dough conhesiveness are discussed.
Cognitive and Functional Outcomes of 5-Year Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Survivors: Comparison to Matched Healthy Controls

Background and Purpose: While neuropsychological deficits have been the focus of research post-subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), population-based information on long-term neuropsychological impairment post-SAH are lacking. Neither the profile of long-term neuropsychological deficits nor its relationship to long-term functional outcomes has been established. Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study of long-term (5 years) neuropsychological and functional outcomes post-SAH. Participants were 27 five-year survivors of SAH previously enrolled in the Auckland Regional Community Stroke study (2002–2003). Twenty-six age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched controls were used to compare mood, functional (i.e. disability; handicap; quality of life, QoL) and neuropsychological outcomes (i.e. verbal memory, visual memory, executive functioning, language, processing speed and visuoperceptual abilities) of SAH survivors. Results: SAH survivors were more depressed and significantly more impaired in the areas of disability, handicap, and QoL than controls. SAH survivors also had significant cognitive deficits across domains when compared to controls. Depressed mood and baseline functioning were related to worse functional outcomes at 5 years post-SAH. Whilst poor cognitive functioning, particularly in the domains of visual memory and language, impacted long-term functional outcomes of SAH survivors. Conclusions: Five-year SAH survivors have many functional and cognitive deficits compared to matched controls. Language and visual memory emerged as independent factors associated with their current functioning.
Addressing on Mechanism of Different Types of ENSO and Related Teleconnections and Solar Influence

A flow-chart is presented depicting atmosphere-ocean coupling, which is initiated by decadal solar variability. Possible mechanisms for Canonic ENSO, Modoki ENSO and Canonic-Modoki ENSO are proposed and their relevance to the decadal variation of Hadley, Walker circulation and mid-latitude jets are discussed. We also show subsequent teleconnections by ENSO for eg. , on ISM with a special emphasis on later two decades of the last century. As there is a disruption of the usual ENSO-ISM teleconnection, we discussed on possible mechanism. The role of volcanos and the change in sun-NAO connection were discussed. The regional Hadley circulation, via NAO in the northern hemisphere and Indian Ocean Dipole in the southern hemisphere, may have a role in the change of ISM behaviour. Such flow-chart helps to improve our understanding of various types of ENSO in both temporal as well as spatial scale. It subsequently can benefit the modelling community by improved representation of ENSO in models.
Leisure‐time physical activity patterns and risk of colon cancer in women

Although physical activity has been consistently associated with lower risk of colon cancer, many details of the relationship remain unclear. We assessed the relation between physical activity and risk of colon cancer in 79,295 women aged 40–65 who were free of cancer, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and who reported their leisure‐time physical activity in 1986; 547 cases were identified through 2002. Women who expended more than 21.5 metabolic equivalent hr/week of physical activity had a relative risk (RR) of colon cancer of 0.77 (95% CI 0.58–1.01), compared to women who expended <2 metabolic equivalent hr/week. The association was stronger for distal than proximal tumors. Among women whose only reported activity was walking, there was a decreased risk of colon cancer in women walking 1–1.9 hr/week (RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.47–1.03) compared to those who did not walk. Results were similar for increased amounts of walking, but there was no evidence of a dose response relation. Among women who participated in moderate or vigorous activity, increasing hours of activity were also associated with a decreased risk of colon cancer (p for trend = 0.01); women exercising >4 hr/week had a 40% lower risk of colon cancer than those exercising <1 hr/week (RR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.33–0.94). Long‐term physical activity was not associated with risk of colon cancer, but the number of cases was small. A significant inverse association exists between physical activity, including that of moderate intensity, such as walking, and risk of colon cancer in women that is more pronounced for distal tumors. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Parameters for the Use of Actigraphy in the Assessment of Sleep and Sleep Disorders

ACTIGRAPHY INVOLVES USE OF A PORTABLE DEVICE THAT RECORDS MOVEMENT OVER EXTENDED PERIODS OF TIME, AND HAS BEEN USED EXTENSIVELY IN the study of sleep and circadian rhythms. Since the publication of the last American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) practice parameters on the use of actigraphy,1 there has been an explosion in the number of research articles utilizing actigraphy to estimate sleep and circadian rhythms. In response to this new literature, and the growing use of actigraphy in clinical sleep medicine, the AASM Standards of Practice Committee (SPC) undertook the development of these revised guidelines on the clinical use of this technology. Since the last review, additional literature has been published that addresses the use of actigraphy in the evaluation of insomnia, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, sleep related breathing disorders, determination of response to therapy, and in the evaluation of sleep patterns among special populations. This literature, in combination with growing clinical experience with actigraphy, led to the inclusion of actigraphy as a measure of sleep duration and sleep patterns in the diagnostic criteria for several specific sleep disorders in the second edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders.2 Actigraphy is listed as a diagnostic tool in the ICSD-2 primarily when sleep patterns must be assessed over time, making polysomnography impractical. For example, the ICSD-2 diagnostic criteria for most circadian rhythm disorders requires demonstration of abnormalities in the timing of the habitual sleep pattern using either actigraphy or sleep logs for seven days or more. The ICSD-2 also suggests that actigraphy may be used to document inconsistencies between objective and subjective measures of sleep timing in paradoxical insomnia, and as an aid in assessment of habitual sleep time and circadian pattern in patients with behaviorally induced insufficient sleep syndrome and idiopathic hypersomnia with and without long sleep times. Actigraphy is additionally recommended as an adjunct to the Multiple Sleep Latency Test to document a stable sleep pattern and adequate sleep times prior to the test. However, it should be noted that although the ICSD-2 reflects consensus among experts regarding disease classification and diPractice Parameters for the Use of Actigraphy in the Assessment of Sleep and Sleep Disorders: An Update for 2007
Fast Stereo Matching Method based on Optimized Correlation Algorithm for Face Depth Estimation

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for face stereo reconstruction based on stereo vision. The approach is based on real time generation of facial disparity map, requiring neither expensive devices nor generic face model. An algorithm based on incorporating topological information of the face in the disparity estimation process is proposed to enhance the result of the 3D reconstruction. Some experimental results are presented to demonstrate the reconstruction accuracy of the proposed method.
Treadmill Training with HAL Exoskeleton—A Novel Approach for Symptomatic Therapy in Patients with Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy—Preliminary Study

Purpose: Exoskeletons have been developed for rehabilitation of patients with walking impairment due to neurological disorders. Recent studies have shown that the voluntary-driven exoskeleton HAL® (hybrid assistive limb) can improve walking functions in spinal cord injury and stroke. The aim of this study was to assess safety and effects on walking function of HAL® supported treadmill therapy in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). Materials and Methods: Three LGMD patients received 8 weeks of treadmill training with HAL® 3 times a week. Outcome parameters were 10-meter walk test (10 MWT), 6-minute walk test, and timed-up-and-go test (TUG). Parameters were assessed pre and post training and 6 weeks later (follow-up). Results: All patients completed the therapy without adverse reactions and reported about improvement in endurance. Improvements in outcome parameters after 8 weeks could be demonstrated. Persisting effects were observed after 6 weeks for the 10 MWT and TUG test (follow-up). Conclusions: HAL® treadmill training in LGMD patients can be performed safely and enables an intensive highly repetitive locomotor training. All patients benefitted from this innovative method. Upcoming controlled studies with larger cohorts should prove its effects in different types of LGMD and other myopathies.
Agent-based task representation and processing in pervasive computing environment

It is an effective approach to adopt software agent in pervasive computing (Per-Com) environment. Meanwhile, task execution is the key problem which is affected directly by task representation method in Per-Com environment. The task of agent in Per-Com environment is dynamic and changeful, so the task representation should be flexible and agent-oriented. However, most of the existing task representation methods cannot present task relationship clearly and lack unified format, which leads to a drawback that the corresponding task processing efficiency is not satisfying. In this paper, firstly, an agent-based Per-Com architecture is presented in which the agent is endowed with certain role. Secondly, through analyzing task relationship, an agent role based task relationship tree (TRT) model and an XML-based agent task representation method are proposed. Thirdly, based on TRT, an agent task decomposing and online multi-agent scheduling algorithm are presented to solve time-optimal problems. Meanwhile, a load balancing strategy based on probability is proposed to increase agent utilization. Finally, a prototype of an application on traffic monitoring is presented. The results of evaluation indicate that the architecture is feasible and the simulation tests of time performance indicate that the proposed TRT-based task processing methods have a better performance than others. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on coordinated attack strategy of networked smart sub-munitions based on ant colony algorithm

The coordinated attack strategy that plenty of sub-munitions attack multiple targets is one of key technologies in the networked smart sub-munitions studies. The distance and the encounter angle are the two main influence factors in the sub-munitions allocation. The decision-making model of coordinated attack strategy is built. The ant colony algorithm for the coordination attack strategy of sub-munitions is presented. It is an effective method to deal with the decision-making of coordinated attack of sub-munitions through an example indication.
Cooperative Global Output Regulation for a Class of Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems

In this technical note, we consider the cooperative global robust output regulation problem for nonlinear multi-agent systems in output feedback form by distributed output feedback control. The main result can be summarized as follows: if the information of the leader can reach every follower through a path and the communication flows among the followers are bidirectional, then the problem can be solved by a distributed output feedback control law if the global robust output regulation problem for each subsystem can be solved by an output feedback control law.
In the age of Mabo : history, Aborigines and Australia

Introduction: The Past as Future: Aborigines, Australia and the (Dis)Course of History BAIN ATTWOOD1. Aboriginal Histories, Australian Histories and the Law ROSEMARY HUNTER2. Native Title and Historical Tradition: Past and Present HENRY REYNOLDS3. Histories and Rituals: Land Claims int he Territory DEBORAH ROSE BIRD4. Historians, Aborigines and Australia: WRiting the National Past RICHARD BROOME5. Creating a Post-Mabo Archaeology of Australia TIM MURRAY6. Between Mabo and a Hard Place: Race and the Contradictions of Conservatism ANDREW MARKUS7. Mabo, Australia and the End of History BAIN ATTWOOD8. Aboriginality, Mabo and the Republic: Indigenising Australia JOHN MORTONEndnotesAcknowledgementsNotes on contributorsIndex
Hybrid Clustering Using Firefly Optimization and Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm

Classifying the data into a meaningful group is one of the fundamental ways of understanding and learning the valuable information. High-quality clustering methods are necessary for the valuable and efficient analysis of the increasing data. The Firefly Algorithm (FA) is one of the bio-inspired algorithms and it is recently used to solve the clustering problems. In this paper, Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by combining the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) with FA to improve the clustering accuracy with global optimum solution. The Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is developed by incorporating FCM operator at the end of each iteration in FA algorithm. This proposed algorithm is designed to utilize the goodness of existing algorithm and to enhance the original FA algorithm by solving the shortcomings in the FCM algorithm like the trapping in local optima and sensitive to initial seed points. In this research work, the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm is implemented and experimentally tested for various performance measures under six different benchmark datasets. From the experimental results, it is observed that the Hybrid F-Firefly algorithm significantly improves the intra-cluster distance when compared with the existing algorithms like K-means, FCM and FA algorithm.
Self-aligned ultra thin HfO/sub 2/ CMOS transistors with high quality CVD TaN gate electrode

In this paper, we have demonstrated and characterized self-aligned, gate-first CVD TaN gate n- and p-MOS transistors with ultra thin (EOT=11/spl sim/12 /spl Aring/) CVD HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics. These transistors show no sign of gate deletion and excellent thermal stability after 1000/spl deg/C, 30 s N/sub 2/ anneal. Compared with PVD TaN devices, the CVD TaN/HfO/sub 2/ devices exhibit lower leakage current, smaller CV hysteresis, superior interface properties, higher transconductance, and superior electron and hole mobility.