Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Subframe Allocation for Next Generation Multimedia Delivery Over Hybrid LTE Unicast Broadcast

The continued global roll-out of long term evolution (LTE) networks is providing mobile users with perpetually increasing ubiquitous access to a rich selection of high quality multimedia. Interactive viewing experiences including 3-D or free-viewpoint video require the synchronous delivery of multiple video streams. This paper presents a novel hybrid unicast broadcast synchronisation (HUBS) framework to synchronously deliver multi-stream content. Previous techniques on hybrid LTE implementations include staggered modulation and coding scheme grouping, adaptive modulation coding or implementing error recover techniques; the work presented here instead focuses on dynamic allocation of resources between unicast and broadcast, improving stream synchronisation as well as overall cell resource usage. Furthermore, the HUBS framework has been developed to work within the limitations imposed by the LTE specification. Performance evaluation of the framework is performed through the simulation of probable future scenarios, where a popular live event is broadcast with stereo 3-D or multi-angle companion views interactively offered to capable users. The proposed framework forms a “HUBS group” that monitors the radio bearer queues to establish a time lead or lag between broadcast and unicast streams. Since unicast and broadcast share the same radio resources, the number of subframes allocated to the broadcast transmission are then dynamically increased or decreased to minimise the average lead/lag time offset between the streams. Dynamic allocation showed improvements for all services across the cell, whilst keeping streams synchronised despite increased user loading.
Hand radiology characteristics of patients carrying the T303M mutation in the gene for matrilin‐3

Objective: To determine whether the recently described hand osteoarthritis (HOA)‐associated T303M mutation in the gene for matrilin‐3 (MATN3) is associated with specific radiological changes on hand radiographs. Method: Standard hand radiographs from 26 HOA patients carrying the T303M missense mutation in the MATN3 gene (T303M patients) were compared with those from 52 HOA controls matched for sex, age, and clinical disease severity. Two blinded readers scored the radiographs, using the Verbruggen–Veys anatomical scoring system for the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints and the OARSI atlas scoring system for the first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joints. A scoring system based on the latter was used for the scaphoid–trapezoid–trapezoideum (STT) joints. Results: No particular distinguishing features were found in the T303M patients and the prevalence of erosive and cystic changes was similar to the control group. As a group, however, the T303M patients had more severe thumb‐base affection, particularly in the STT joint. Thus, definite radiological OA in both CMC1 and STT joints and higher STT scores compared with CMC1 were significantly more common in patients carrying the T303M mutation. Radiological scores for joint‐space narrowing (CMC1 and STT) and osteophytes (STT) were also significantly higher in the T303M patients. Conclusion: Patients carrying the T303M mutation in the gene for matrilin‐3 express a form of HOA that is radiologically indistinguishable from idiopathic HOA in individual patients but they have more severe thumb‐base involvement, particularly in the STT joint. This is the first described genetic mutation that is associated with a common form of osteoarthritis.
RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION FORECASTING USING A GEOMETRIC COMBINATION APPROACH

The forecasting of electricity consumption and demand plays a pivotal role in electric power systems planning. This paper proposes the combination of forecasts from two approaches with the aim of improving the forecasting accuracy, in order to make the best use of the installed transmission and generating capacity. In the first approach, the consumption time series is decomposed by wavelet analysis and a Box-Jenkins model is fitted to each wavelet component, following which the individual components forecasts are added to compute the total consumption forecast. The alternative approach, uses the Singular Spectrum Analysis technique to model the consumption time series in order to shrink the noise level. Thereafter, the Box-Jenkins model is used to forecast the filtered time series, producing a second forecast for the consumption series. Eventually, the two forecasts are combined geometrically in order to minimize the mean square error. The proposed methodology is illustrated by a computational experiment with the time series of residential consumption of electricity in Brazil.
Low p38 MAPK and JNK activation in cultured hepatocytes of DRH rats; a strain highly resistant to hepatocarcinogenesis

DRH rats are a hepatocarcinogenesis‐resistant strain isolated from hepatocarcinogenesis‐sensitive Donryu rats, and the liver of DRH shows less histological damage and fewer/smaller neoplastic hepatic lesions by the treatment with hepatocarcinogens. To investigate the mechanism of the resistance, the properties of hepatocytes of DRH and Donryu were compared. In primary culture, DRH hepatocytes exhibited higher proliferation and less apoptosis than Donryu hepatocytes in the presence of EGF and insulin. However, such difference was not correlated to the degree of DNA damage associated with cell culture or cell cycle checkpoint function. Although the mitogen‐activated protein kinases [EGF receptor (EGFR) and extracellular signal regulating kinases (ERK1/2)] were activated to the same degree, the stress‐activated protein kinases [p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38) and c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK)] were activated to a lesser degree in the DRH hepatocytes. Treatment with 2‐acetylaminofluorene (2‐AAF) in vivo also resulted in less JNK and p38 activation in the DRH livers. Furthermore, apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) was inhibited by the lysate from the DRH but not by the Donryu hepatocytes. The low activation of the stress‐activated protein kinases may be linked to the resistance to cellular stress, which may underlie the hepatocarcinogenesis‐resistance in DRH rats. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantum signatures of classical multifractal measures.

A clear signature of classical chaoticity in the quantum regime is the fractal Weyl law, which connects the density of eigenstates to the dimension D(0) of the classical invariant set of open systems. Quantum systems of interest are often partially open (e.g., cavities in which trajectories are partially reflected or absorbed). In the corresponding classical systems D(0) is trivial (equal to the phase-space dimension), and the fractality is manifested in the (multifractal) spectrum of Rényi dimensions D(q). In this paper we investigate the effect of such multifractality on the Weyl law. Our numerical simulations in area-preserving maps show for a wide range of configurations and system sizes M that (i) the Weyl law is governed by a dimension different from D(0)=2, and (ii) the observed dimension oscillates as a function of M and other relevant parameters. We propose a classical model that considers an undersampled measure of the chaotic invariant set, explains our two observations, and predicts that the Weyl law is governed by a nontrivial dimension D(asymptotic)
Changing physician performance. A systematic review of the effect of continuing medical education strategies.

OBJECTIVE To review the literature relating to the effectiveness of education strategies designed to change physician performance and health care outcomes. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, ERIC, NTIS, the Research and Development Resource Base in Continuing Medical Education, and other relevant data sources from 1975 to 1994, using continuing medical education (CME) and related terms as keywords. We manually searched journals and the bibliographies of other review articles and called on the opinions of recognized experts. STUDY SELECTION We reviewed studies that met the following criteria: randomized controlled trials of education strategies or interventions that objectively assessed physician performance and/or health care outcomes. These intervention strategies included (alone and in combination) educational materials, formal CME activities, outreach visits such as academic detailing, opinion leaders, patient-mediated strategies, audit with feedback, and reminders. Studies were selected only if more than 50% of the subjects were either practicing physicians or medical residents. DATA EXTRACTION We extracted the specialty of the physicians targeted by the interventions and the clinical domain and setting of the trial. We also determined the details of the educational intervention, the extent to which needs or barriers to change had been ascertained prior to the intervention, and the main outcome measure(s). DATA SYNTHESIS We found 99 trials, containing 160 interventions, that met our criteria. Almost two thirds of the interventions (101 of 160) displayed an improvement in at least one major outcome measure: 70% demonstrated a change in physician performance, and 48% of interventions aimed at health care outcomes produced a positive change. Effective change strategies included reminders, patient-mediated interventions, outreach visits, opinion leaders, and multifaceted activities. Audit with feedback and educational materials were less effective, and formal CME conferences or activities, without enabling or practice-reinforcing strategies, had relatively little impact. CONCLUSION Widely used CME delivery methods such as conferences have little direct impact on improving professional practice. More effective methods such as systematic practice-based interventions and outreach visits are seldom used by CME providers.
An LCL-LC Filter for Grid-Connected Converter: Topology, Parameter, and Analysis

In order to further cut down the cost of filter for grid-connected pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converter under the more and more stringent grid code, a new kind of high-order filter, named LCL-LC filter, is presented in this paper. The resonant frequency characteristics of the filter are analyzed, and a parameter design method on the base of the characteristics is also proposed in the paper. The proposed parameter design method can easily make full use of the existing research results about the traditional LCL filter parameter design. And then a parameter robustness analysis method based on four-dimensional graphics is proposed to analyze parameter robustness of the presented filter. Compared with the traditional one, the proposed analysis method can analyze the filter performance under variations of several parameters at a time without any iteration. The comparative analysis and discussion considering the LCL filter, the trap filter, and the LCL- LC filter, are presented and verified through the experiments on a 5 kW grid-connected converter prototype. Experiment results demonstrate the accuracy of theoretical analysis and prove that the presented filter has a better performance than two others.
Traumat ic Bra in In jury Among Pr isoners

Background Approximately 2.2 million people are currently in US prisons and jails (DOJ 2006). Although women account for about 8% of those incarcerated (DOJ 2006), from 1990 to 2000 the number of women in prisons and jails more than doubled (DOJ 2006). Ensuring the successful community re-integration of prisoners is of concern since approximately 95% of people incarcerated in jail or prison will be released at some point (Commission Report, 2006).
Provincial Income Convergence in China, 1953-1997: a Panel Data Approach

China's accelerated growth rate during the reform period 1978-97 has reinforced concerns about how to cope with continued expansion while also maintaining balanced regional growth. We examine the tendency to, and the speed of, provincial income convergence during the two periods: pre-reform (1953-1977) and reform (1978-1997). The Solow growth model provides the main theoretical framework. The empirical method accounts for heteogeneity in both initial technology and the rate of technological progress. Estimation problems are addressed by using the System GMM Estimator and a coefficient bound provided by the OLS and within group estimator. Although we find evidence of conditional convergence for both the periods, relative to the estimated convergence speed for other regions and countries, China's provincial convergence speeds are surprisingly low: 0.414% for the pre-reform period and 2.23% for the reform period. This means that, despite China's remarkable economic growth, the provincial income converg ence process has been disappointing.
Bandwidth enhancement defected ground structure microstrip patch antenna for K and Ka band applications

In this paper, a different method for designing a novel and compact microstrip patch antenna with step slots etched on the ground plane and split square ring slots etched on the patch has been designed with wide bandwidth and minimal return loss characteristic for UWB applications. The proposed antenna has been designed and simulated using HFSS. An extra rectangular slot in the ground plane is used to create an additional resonance at higher frequency. The proposed antenna can operate from 18.5939 GHz to 29.9792 GHz for VSWR <;2. The Simulated results obtained for this antenna resonant frequency at 20.6281GHz with - 45.06dB and wide bandwidth is 11.3853 GHz (55.19% with center frequency) show that it exhibits good radiation behavior within the UWB frequency range.
Rugosity, slope and aspect from bathymetric stereo image reconstructions

This paper demonstrates how multi-scale measures of rugosity, slope and aspect can be derived from fine-scale bathymetric reconstructions created using geo-referenced stereo imagery collected by an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). We briefly describe the 3D triangular meshes generated from the stereo images and then present a detailed overview of how rugosity can be derived by considering the area of triangles within a window and their projection onto the plane of best fit. By obtaining the plane of best fit, slope and aspect can be calculated with very little extra effort. The results are validated on a simulated surface and the effects of mesh resolution and window size are explored. The technique is demonstrated on real data gathered by an AUV on surveys that cover several linear kilometres and consist of thousands of images. The ability to distinguish habitat types based on rugosity and slope are demonstrated through K-means cluster analysis. A human labelled data set is then used to train a SVM classifier that exhibits promising habitat classification potential based on rugosity and slope.
Financial black holes: The disclosure and transparency of privately financed roads in the UK

Purpose - This paper aims to examine empirically whether the system of public expenditure reporting is capable of delivering financial accountability, focusing on the UK government's use of private finance for roads. Design/methodology/approach - Publicly available documents from the public and private sector partners for 11 roads contracts are examined, together with a publicly provided bridge paid for via tolls as a comparator. Findings - Reporting by both public and private sectors is limited and opaque, such that accountability to the public is inadequate. The evidence also shows that the scale of the additional expenditure generated by private finance warrants greater disclosure and scrutiny than is currently the case. Research limitations/implications - These findings, which occur in the roads sector where projects are large and visible, are likely to be replicated elsewhere in the public sector. Accountability issues may be even more problematic in public bodies where reporting is more diffuse. Furthermore, the proliferation of other forms of private finance increases the problems of reporting clear financial information, the lack of which not only makes informed public debate about public and fiscal policy impossible but also may lead to the wrong policy choice. Originality/value - There has been little
Topographic correction of GPR profile based on odometer and inclinometer data

Usually, data obtained by ground penetrating radar (GPR) are displayed as a rectangular 2D picture (profile), vertical and horizontal axes of which are proportional to depth and traveled distance, respectively. Surface, generally, is not horizontal, that leads to distorted view of irregularities in the GPR profile. To eliminate these distortions a topographic correction is used. Topographic data can be obtained by laser leveler, total station, GPS and similar equipment. Further this information is used for topographic correction of the GPR data. This paper provides method of topographic correction based on information about traveled distance and tilt of antenna unit at each point of measurement. These data are measured by odometer and inclinometer, respectively. The information is obtained simultaneously with the GPR data and is connected with each trace of the profile. Algorithm of traces vertical offset calculation relatively the first trace of profile and accuracy of topographic correction are discussed. The results of topographic correction of profile acquired by VIY3-300 GPR are presented. This inexpensive solution improves performance characteristics of GPR and reduces time required for GPR profiles processing and their interpretation.
Arterial stiffness predicts severe progression in systemic sclerosis: the ERAMS study

Objective The ERAMS study addressed the value of arterial stiffness in predicting the severity of systemic sclerosis. Methods ERAMS was a prospective multicentre cohort study including patients with definite systemic sclerosis. Arterial stiffness was measured by the standardized non-invasive QKd 100-60 method. Clinical evaluation, biological measurements, functional respiratory tests and cardiac Doppler echography were performed at inclusion then each year until 3 years' follow-up was completed. Progression was defined as mild (articulations, muscle, oesophagus or skin involvement) or severe (lung, heart or kidney involvement) by a critical event committee. The prediction of severe progression was studied for QKd 100-60 as well as clinical and biological data at baseline by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Ninety-nine patients were included (81 women, 18 men, mean age 57 years, standard deviation 12.5). Although their blood pressure profile was normal, half the patients had increased arterial stiffness (QKd 100-60 < 200 ms). There was a significant relationship between age-adjusted arterial stiffness and decrease in carbon dioxide diffusion (P < 0.03) or haemoglobin rate (P < 0.01). By univariate analysis, severe progression after 3 years was predicted by age (P = 0.04), lung involvement (P = 0.04), diffusion of lung carbon oxide (DLCO) (P < 0.01), skin score (P = 0.02), haemoglobin (P < 0.01) and baseline Qkd 100-60 divided into two classes according to the median (P < 0.01). By multivariate analysis, only haemoglobin rate [odds ratio (OR) 0.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2–0.9] and QKd 100-60 (OR 19.6, 95% CI 1.2–308.2) predicted severe progression of systemic sclerosis. Conclusion The measurement of arterial stiffness by the QKd method is a useful objective method for assessing the prognosis of systemic sclerosis independently from other data.
Road Pricing for Heavy Goods Vehicles Transport. Assessing the Economic Impact in a Disaggregated Macroeconometric Model

The paper assesses the economic impact of a toll imposed on heavy-goods vehicles proportional to distance driven. The macroeconomic impact of the toll is estimated by using the disaggregated econometric model MULTIMAC of the Austrian economy. The assumption is that all toll revenues will be invested in the network of motorways. The toll is implemented in the model by using information on transport margins from the Austrian input – output statistics. The toll is distributed among goods in different categories of use (exports, consumption, intermediate demand) and thereby increases prices of demand (but not of production). The transport input row in the input – output matrix is changed according to the price elasticities taken from the literature. The toll will raise domestic prices especially for mineral products and the oil processing industry. Due to investment of the revenues the toll will increae GDP. The number of employed will rise in line with GDP and unemployment will drop slightly. The relative price increase of domestic production and the domestic final demand increase (investment) will reduce exports and boost imports leading to a deterioration of the foreign trade balance. JEL Codes: E17, C67, L91
Metalloproteinases Chemokine and Matrix a MIP-1Microvessel Endothelium Is Regulated by Dendritic Cell Transmigration through Brain

Dendritic cells (DCs) accumulate in the CNS during inﬂammatory diseases, but the exact mechanism regulating their trafﬁc into the CNS remains to be deﬁned. We now report that MIP-1 (cid:1) increases the transmigration of bone marrow-derived, GFP-labeled DCs across brain microvessel endothelial cell monolayers. Furthermore, occludin, an important element of endothelial tight junctions, is reorganized when DCs migrate across brain capillary endothelial cell monolayers without causing signiﬁcant changes in the barrier integrity as measured by transendothelial electrical resistance. We show that DCs produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9 and GM6001, an MMP inhibitor, decreases both baseline and MIP-1 (cid:1) -induced DC transmigration. These observations suggest that DC transmigration across brain endothelial cell monolayers is partly MMP dependent. The migrated DCs express higher levels of CD40, CD80, and CD86 costimulatory molecules and induce T cell proliferation, indicating that the transmigration of DCs across brain endothelial cell monolayers contributes to the maintenance of DC Ag-presenting function. The MMP dependence of DC migration across brain endothelial cell monolayers raises the possibility that MMP blockers may decrease the initiation of T cell recruitment and neuroinﬂammation in the CNS. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 178: 520–529. augmented in the presence of the MIP-1 (cid:1) chemokine and partly mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). DCs developed numerous ﬁlopodia and induced the rearrangement of occludin, an endothelial tight junction protein, without causing a detectable decrease of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, indicating that endothelial monolayers stayed intact during DC migration. DC transmigration across brain microvessel endothelial cell monolayers led to the up-regulation of CD40, CD80, and CD86 costimulatory molecules on DCs. Following their transmigration across brain microvessel endothelial cells, DCs induced Ag-speciﬁc T cell activation. Our ﬁndings reveal that DC transmigration across brain microvessel endothelium is regulated by MIP-1 (cid:1) chemokine, MMP, and occludin perturbation. Because the transmigration of DCs across brain microvessel endothelial cells contributes to the activation of Ag-speciﬁc T cells, the BBB may be a key element in the local restimulation of T cell responses in the proximity of brain microvessels and in the ampliﬁcation of T cell-mediated immunity in the CNS.