Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Summer Camp Professionals’ Positive Psychology Certification Program

This Capstone provides the rationale and preliminary curriculum for a Summer Camp Professionals’ Positive Psychology Certification Program. One hundred and fifty years before the advent of positive psychology, summer camps were designed to teach children the art of flourishing (Paris, 2008). During that time, camps have organically developed techniques to foster positive emotion, engagement, positive relationships, meaning and accomplishment –fundamental building blocks of Martin Seligman’s (2011) PERMA model of wellbeing. As effective as camps are at promoting flourishing, however, they can become even more so by incorporating new insights and techniques from the field of positive psychology. The Camp Certification Program includes five core positive psychology concepts. Each contains a concept overview, discussion of benefits, implementation strategies, and measurement recommendations. The certification course has two goals. First, to enhance the experience for children who attend summer programs by teaching skills and habits that foster flourishing and achievement. Second, to provide a new way to view and value camp’s experiential education to help reposition it as an integral part of children’s development. By integrating positive psychology into modern camping, I hope to build demand for the camp experience and make it available to more children.
TIGHT MONEY PARADOX ON THE LOOSE : A FISCALIST HYPERINFLATION

Hyperinflation is usually interpreted as a result of the monetary financing of serious fiscal imbalances. Here, a fiscalist alternative is explored, in which inflation explodes because of the fiscal effects of monetary policy. Higher interest rates cause the outside financial wealth of private agents to grow faster in nominal terms, which in fiscalist models calls for higher inflation. If the monetary authority responds to higher inflation with sufficiently higher nominal interest rates, a vicious circle is formed. The model is particularly advantageous for hyperinflations in which most of the fiscal action concentrates in the interest bill on public debt and debt rollover, rather than seigniorage or primary budget deficits. Brazil in the late 1970s and early 1980s serves as a motivating case. (JEL E31, E5) Inflation – so goes the monetarist dictum – is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. Of course, there is no conflict between that claim and monetary expansion ultimately originating in the need to finance fiscal deficits. Nowhere is that as distinct as in studies of hyperinflation in the tradition of Phillip Cagan (1956). Adopting the fiscalist approach to price determination advocated by Eric M. Leeper (1991), Christopher A. Sims (1994) and Michael Woodford (1994, 1995), one can turn that monetarist story right on its head. In a fiscalist world, prices are driven not by liquidity, but by the outside wealth of private agents. Budget deficits, under a fiscal policy regime that causes a 1 E-mail: eduardo_loyo@havard.edu. I wish to thank, without implicating: Marcelo de Paiva Abreu, Ben Bernanke, Alan Blinder, Jean Boivin, Marco Antonio Bonomo, Dionísio Dias Carneiro, Suzanne Cooper, Luiz Roberto Cunha, Rudiger Dornbusch, Roger Farmer, Márcio Garcia, Marc Giannoni, Mario Mesquita, Kenneth Rogoff, Julio Rotemberg, Jeffrey Sachs, Argia Sbordone, Christopher Sims, Harald Uhlig, Carlos Végh, Michael Woodford, and Richard Zeckhauser.
Distributed Cerebellar Motor Learning: A Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity Model

Deep cerebellar nuclei neurons receive both inhibitory (GABAergic) synaptic currents from Purkinje cells (within the cerebellar cortex) and excitatory (glutamatergic) synaptic currents from mossy fibers. Those two deep cerebellar nucleus inputs are thought to be also adaptive, embedding interesting properties in the framework of accurate movements. We show that distributed spike-timing-dependent plasticity mechanisms (STDP) located at different cerebellar sites (parallel fibers to Purkinje cells, mossy fibers to deep cerebellar nucleus cells, and Purkinje cells to deep cerebellar nucleus cells) in close-loop simulations provide an explanation for the complex learning properties of the cerebellum in motor learning. Concretely, we propose a new mechanistic cerebellar spiking model. In this new model, deep cerebellar nuclei embed a dual functionality: deep cerebellar nuclei acting as a gain adaptation mechanism and as a facilitator for the slow memory consolidation at mossy fibers to deep cerebellar nucleus synapses. Equipping the cerebellum with excitatory (e-STDP) and inhibitory (i-STDP) mechanisms at deep cerebellar nuclei afferents allows the accommodation of synaptic memories that were formed at parallel fibers to Purkinje cells synapses and then transferred to mossy fibers to deep cerebellar nucleus synapses. These adaptive mechanisms also contribute to modulate the deep-cerebellar-nucleus-output firing rate (output gain modulation toward optimizing its working range).
Using domain knowledge and bilingual resources for addressing community question answering for Arabic

This paper presents a description of the approach of the UPC-USMBA team for addressing Community Question Answering, for the Arabic language on the medical domain. Our approach for addressing the task is based on combining the use of original Arabic texts with English translations over which supervised Machine Learning techniques are applied. Our system perform on four steps: A preliminary step, aiming to collect domain resources, a learning step, for getting two models, one over Arabic texts and the other on English texts, a classification step, for applying them to the test datasets, and, finally a combination step over the results of the two classifiers.
Novel Euryarchaeotal Lineages Detected on Rice Roots and in the Anoxic Bulk Soil of Flooded Rice Microcosms

ABSTRACT Because excised, washed roots of rice (Oryza sativa) immediately produce CH4 when they are incubated under anoxic conditions (P. Frenzel and U. Bosse, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 21:25–36, 1996), we employed a culture-independent molecular approach to identify the methanogenic microbial community present on roots of rice plants. Archaeal small-subunit rRNA-encoding genes were amplified directly from total root DNA by PCR and then cloned. Thirty-two archaeal rice root (ARR) gene clones were randomly selected, and the amplified primary structures of ca. 750 nucleotide sequence positions were compared. Only 10 of the environmental sequences were affiliated with known methanogens; 5 were affiliated withMethanosarcina spp. , and 5 were affiliated withMethanobacterium spp. The remaining 22 ARR gene clones formed four distinct lineages (rice clusters I through IV) which were not closely related to any known cultured member of theArchaea. Rice clusters I and II formed distinct clades within the phylogenetic radiation of the orders “Methanosarcinales” and Methanomicrobiales. Rice cluster I was novel, and rice cluster II was closely affiliated with environmental sequences obtained from bog peat in northern England. Rice cluster III occurred on the same branch asThermoplasma acidophilum and marine group II but was only distantly related to these taxa. Rice cluster IV was a deep-branching crenarchaeotal assemblage that was closely related to clone pGrfC26, an environmental sequence recovered from a temperate marsh environment. The use of a domain-specific oligonucleotide probe in a fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis revealed that viable members of theArchaea were present on the surfaces of rice roots. In addition, we describe a novel euryarchaeotal main line of descent, designated rice cluster V, which was detected in anoxic rice paddy soil. These results indicate that there is an astonishing richness of archaeal diversity present on rice roots and in the surrounding paddy soil.
Association between Emotional Abuses and Mental Disorder in Women: A Web-based Internet Survey in Southern China

Background: Physical violence against intimate partners has been widely studied, whereas the understanding of emotional abuse and neglect in Chinese are limited. Method: This study was conducted as a web-based internet survey of legal married females participants (N=747) in a Chinese province. The assessment included experience of emotional abuse and neglect from intimate partner, measures of emotional maltreatment, social anxiety symptoms and general psychopathology. Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scales were used to assess generalized anxiety and depression, respectively. Results: The cross-sectional survey revealed that 214 (27.02%) wives had psychologically abuse by their husbands; among these emotional abuse victims, 141 (60.25%) females suffered from generalized anxiety and 162 (69.23%) had various levels of depression. Personality clashes and great pressure were the top major reasons of intimate emotional abuse. Logistic regression analyses revealed that emotional abuse was independently associated with anxiety (OR=2.73 CI:1.93-3.87 p<0.00) and depression (OR=2.87 CI:1.96-4.22 p<0.01) in women. Age was associated with depression (OR=0.30 CI:0.17-0.63, p<0.01). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that emotional abuse was associated with a significant increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. This pilot study is to encourage further investigation large sample on the prevalence of intimate emotional abuse against women in China.
Comment on "A Pre-Run-Time Scheduling Algorithm for Hard Real-Time Systems''

In Shepard and Gagne (1991), a branch-and-bound implicit enumeration algorithm is described whose purpose is to generate a feasible schedule, if any, for each processor on a multiprocessing node running hard real-time processes. The optimization criterion is to minimize process lateness defined as the difference between the process completion time and deadline. We show in this correspondence that this algorithm does not always succeed in finding a feasible solution, and describe the reason why the algorithm might fail.
A Comparative Study of Fixed Frequency and Variable Frequency Phase Shift PWM Technique for Cascaded Multilevel Inverter

Multilevel Inverters (MLI) are best suited for high power applications due to their improved harmonic profile and high power ratings. In this paper, asymmetric multilevel inverter has been considered over the other topologies. Several modulation strategies for MLI have been proposed mainly to improve the harmonic profile. This paper focuses on variable frequency phase shift pulse width modulation technique. The main objective is to balance the switching actions thereby minimize the stresses on the switches by employing phase shift PWM technique. In this paper, the variable frequency phase shift PWM technique has been employed for asymmetric MLI with induction motor load. The performance of the inverter with the proposed modulation technique has been compared with the fixed frequency phase shift PWM technique. The simulation was performed using MATLAB/Simulink and the results of comparison are discussed in detail.
On computing correlated aggregates over continual data streams

In many applications from telephone fraud detection to network management, data arrives in a stream, and there is a need to maintain a variety of statistical summary information about a large number of customers in an online fashion. At present, such applications maintain basic aggregates such as running extrema values (MIN, MAX), averages, standard deviations, etc., that can be computed over data streams with limited space in a straightforward way. However, many applications require knowledge of more complex aggregates relating different attributes, so-called correlated aggregates. As an example, one might be interested in computing the percentage of international phone calls that are longer than the average duration of a domestic phone call. Exact computation of this aggregate requires multiple passes over the data stream, which is infeasible. We propose single-pass techniques for approximate computation of correlated aggregates over both landmark and sliding window views of a data stream of tuples, using a very limited amount of space. We consider both the case where the independent aggregate (average duration in the example above) is an extrema value and the case where it is an average value, with any standard aggregate as the dependent aggregate; these can be used as building blocks for more sophisticated aggregates. We present an extensive experimental study based on some real and a wide variety of synthetic data sets to demonstrate the accuracy of our techniques. We show that this effectiveness is explained by the fact that our techniques exploit monotonicity and convergence properties of aggregates over data streams.
A Degree of Conflict Model for Workspace Awareness

Workspace awareness solutions provide ongoing change information at the level of files. This makes the user responsible for identifying how current changes affect their tasks and provides no guidance for planning their (future) tasks. Here, we present our approach to task-based awareness that calculates a degree-ofconflict for tasks and recommends an optimum set of tasks that minimizes the risk of conflicts. Specifically, we present three novel research ideas: (1) transition from the current file-based awareness systems to task-based awareness, (2) transition from reactive conflict detection to proactive conflict prediction, and (3) a degree-of-conflict model that models conflicts per task per workspace, which can be used to recommend an optimum task list for a developer.
Parallel implementation for wavelet dictionary optimization applied to pattern recognition

By means of full wavelet packet decomposition a redundant set of coe-cients is obtained. For signal classiflcation it is convenient to flnd a subset of these coe-cients minimizing the error rate of a classifler. A problem arises because of the computational cost of GA solution. This work presents the parallelization of a genetic algorithm by which it is pos- sible to obtain the best subset of coe-cients in order to improve results on phoneme recognition. Various strategies have been evaluated in order to improve the classifler initialization and the evolution itself. Classifl- cation results for a set of Spanish phonemes show the advantages of the propossed method and the speedup of the implemented parallelization.
Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)

ABSTRACT The rise of archosaurs during the Triassic and Early Jurassic has been treated as a classic example of an evolutionary radiation in the fossil record. This paper reviews published studies and provides new data on archosaur lineage origination, diversity and lineage evolution, morphological disparity, rates of morphological character change, and faunal abundance during the Triassic–Early Jurassic. The fundamental archosaur lineages originated early in the Triassic, in concert with the highest rates of character change. Disparity and diversity peaked later, during the Norian, but the most significant increase in disparity occurred before maximum diversity. Archosaurs were rare components of Early–Middle Triassic faunas, but were more abundant in the Late Triassic and pre-eminent globally by the Early Jurassic. The archosaur radiation was a drawn-out event and major components such as diversity and abundance were discordant from each other. Crurotarsans (crocodile-line archosaurs) were more disparate, diverse, and abundant than avemetatarsalians (bird-line archosaurs, including dinosaurs) during the Late Triassic, but these roles were reversed in the Early Jurassic. There is no strong evidence that dinosaurs outcompeted or gradually eclipsed crurotarsans during the Late Triassic. Instead, crurotarsan diversity decreased precipitously by the end-Triassic extinction, which helped usher in the age of dinosaurian dominance.
Stistical relax method for super resolution ISAR imaging

An effective statistical method of detecting the scatterers center for super-resolution ISAR imaging is presented. By exploiting the statistics of background noise and clutters, Gaussianity test(GT) is applied to extract the scatterers center in range cells under desired constant false alarm rate(CFAR). Combined with extended Relax algorithm, super resolution ISAR image of target is generated. Theoretical analysis and experimental results of real data show that proposed method exhibit better performance with expected to conventional high resolution method.
A framework for supporting management in distributed information systems development

Increasing tendency towards globalisation and outsourcing of software and information systems (IS) development poses a number of challenges and difficulties that companies have to deal with. Quite a few studies have been conducted which have identified a set of problems as well as potential benefits of distributed systems development. In this paper we propose a framework characterising the domain of distributed information systems development (DISD) which aims to help project managers to analyse DISD project situation, identify potential problems and therefore evaluate project risks. Besides, the framework aims to indicate prospective solutions to each type of problem.
Behavioral / Systems / Cognitive Synaptic Facilitation and Behavioral Dishabituation in Aplysia : Dependence on Release of Ca 2 from Postsynaptic Intracellular Stores , Postsynaptic Exocytosis , and Modulation of Postsynaptic AMPA Receptor Efficacy

Sensitization and dishabituation of the defensive withdrawal reflex in Aplysia have been ascribed to presynaptic mechanisms, particularly presynaptic facilitation of transmission at sensorimotor synapses in the CNS of Aplysia. Here, we show that facilitation of sensorimotor synapses in cell culture during and after serotonin (5-HT) exposure depends on a rise in postsynaptic intracellular Ca2+ and release of Ca2+ from postsynaptic stores. We also provide support for the idea that postsynaptic AMPA receptor insertion mediates a component of synaptic facilitation by showing
Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction

Superforecasting: The Art and Science of Prediction Philip Tetlock and Dan Gardner New York, Random House 2015, 341 pagesWe all rely on forecasts, and one that has become increasingly reliable in recent decades is the weather. Philip Tetlock, a Canadian-American Professor of Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania, notes in this book that weather forecasts were once much less reliable. People would remember that the forecasts were wrong and meteorologists were placed under pressure to work out how to produce better forecasts, which they have done, at least in terms of short term weather forecasting. But other areas of forecasting -especially politics -are marked by woefully inaccurate predictions. Very few pundits predicted the fall of the Soviet Union, observes Tetlock, let alone the rise of ISIS.In fact, after a twenty years research program between 1984 and 2004, 'experts' on a subject were found to have been roughly as accurate in their predictions as 'a dart throwing chimpanzee. ' Where their predictions came to pass, this was a matter of luck rather than judgement. They fared only very slightly better than non-experts. There are numerous organizations out there that make predictions - intelligence agencies or pundits, for example - but nobody seems to keep score. Tetlock was determined to change this and so work out how to make more accurate predictions and discern the kind of people who make them.Superforecasting focuses on the 'Good Judgement Project' which was subsequently spearheaded by Tetlock in 2011 in order to solve this problem. The 'tournament' that it gave birth to lasted for 4 years. It was funded by the US government's Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity, stung by the failure to predict the dire consequences of the Iraq war. The project recruited thousands of volunteers who, in return for only token payment, had to spend much of their spare time thinking about and making predictions about geopolitical events. Records of the accuracy of their predictions, over four years, were kept and they were subject to psychological assessment.Tetlock found that there were significant differences in the accuracy of the volunteers' predictions. A small group of them, which he termed 'superforecasters,' were able to predict the future with 60% more accuracy than the average. Tetlock found that this group were a certain psychological type. They were non-dogmatic, taking the view that nothing is certain; highly open-minded and non-attached to particular ideas; above average in intelligence - though extremely high intelligence did not necessarily assist superforecasting; self-critical and relatively good with numbers. They also showed certain modes of behavior. In particular, they were highly analytical in making a probabilistic forecast and might predict that an event was 62% probable rather than 60%, and they would constantly update their forecasts as the facts changed. …
The development of persistent truant behaviour: an exploratory analysis of adolescents’ perspectives

Abstract Background While, an extensive literature reveals the many risk factors associated with truancy, less is known about the way truancy develops, intensifies and persists. In recent years, authors have argued that the development of truancy should not be understood as an individual phenomenon, but as a process of complex interactions between the adolescent and his/her parents, peers, teachers and school staff. There is, however, little research on how relationships between these parents, peers, teachers and school staff operate and influence the development of truancy. Purpose In this paper, we try to fill this gap by analysing the narratives of truanting adolescents, and by investigating their experiences of the onset and persistence of their own truancy. Sample, design and methods As part of a larger study, 20 adolescents from Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium, were individually interviewed. Data were analysed qualitatively. Results and conclusions The stories suggest that what begins as occasional truancy can easily evolve into persistent truancy that eventually could lead to permanent non-attendance. For many of the interviewed pupils, the development of their truancy can best be described as ‘truant spirals’. Compared to the seemingly easy transition towards truanting for the first time, the narratives suggest that it is extremely difficult to curtail the pattern of persistent and intensifying truant behaviour.
Helping Computers Understand Geographically-Bound Activity Restrictions

The lack of certain types of geographic data prevents the development of location-aware technologies in a number of important domains. One such type of "unmapped" geographic data is space usage rules (SURs), which are defined as geographically-bound activity restrictions (e.g. "no dogs", "no smoking", "no fishing", "no skateboarding"). Researchers in the area of human-computer interaction have recently begun to develop techniques for the automated mapping of SURs with the aim of supporting activity planning systems (e.g. one-touch "Can I Smoke Here? " apps, SUR-aware vacation planning tools). In this paper, we present a novel SUR mapping technique -- SPtP -- that outperforms state-of-the-art approaches by 30% for one of the most important components of the SUR mapping pipeline: associating a point observation of a SUR (e.g. a 'no smoking' sign) with the corresponding polygon in which the SUR applies (e.g. the nearby park or the entire campus on which the sign is located). This paper also contributes a series of new SUR benchmark datasets to help further research in this area.