Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Leaves and Fruits of Moringa oleifera. on Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers

Abstract The effect of different extracts of leaves and fruits of Moringa oleifera. Lam. (Moringaceae) on gastric and duodenal ulcers was evaluated by using different gastric ulcer models and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer method. The leaf extracts (500 mg/kg, p.o.) of Moringa oleifera. showed gastric ulcer healing effect in acetic acid–induced chronic gastric ulcers. The acetone extract and methanol extract of the leaves produced gastric antisecretory effect in pylorus-ligated rats and showed gastric cytoprotective effect in ethanol-induced and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. The leaf extracts also produced a significant reduction of stress-induced gastric ulcers and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. None of the extracts of the fruits showed any significant antiulcer effect. It was concluded that leaves of Moringa oleifera. increase healing of gastric ulcers and also prevent the development of experimentally induced gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers in rats.
Relation between Clinical and Autopsy Diagnoses, Especially as Regards Cancer

The clinical diagnoses of 377 patients were compared with those derived from autopsy; the incidence, confirmation rate and detection rate were correlated to age, sex and duration of stay in the hospital. The diagnoses were in complete agreement in 75% of the cases; as regards location they differed in 20% and malignancy being unsuspected in 5% of the cases, where vascular diseases were the most freuquent clinical findings. Lymphomas and leukemias were overrepresented in the study and had a high confirmation and detection rate, 97% resp. 94%. Tumours of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas were underrepresented and had a low detection rate, 37%, and confirmation rate, 59%. For other tumours the confirmation rate was higher, 84–97%, and detection rate lower, 72–80%. Similar antemortem and postmortem diagnoses were seen“ most commonly in young patients, regardless of sex and who stayed in the hospital for an extended period of time.
Targeted charge-reversal nanoparticles for nuclear drug delivery.

Novel compounds are described that have a negative charge at high pH and are readily hydrolysable at low pH to have a positive charge. The negatively charged molecules have a low interaction rate in the body whereas the positively charged molecules have a high interaction profile. The compounds are useful as drug and gene delivery carriers in the body.
Clinical Applications of the Pedicled Anterolateral Thigh Flap in Complex Abdominal–Pelvic Reconstruction

Background:The free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap has become a reconstructive workhorse with great versatility throughout the body. However, the utility of the pedicled ALT flap is less described for complex defects. A skin paddle with reliable blood circulation and wide range of reach, low donor site morbidity along with the avoidance of many of the complications plaguing free flaps, are just some of the several benefits offered by the pedicled ALT flap. We investigated specific clinical examples within our ALT flap database where the pedicled ALT flap was used for coverage of complex wounds and highlight its advantages. Methods:We conducted a retrospective chart review on those patients in whom a pedicled ALT flap was used for complex wound reconstruction over a 7-year period between July 2002 and October 2009 at The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center performed by a single surgeon. Results:Four patients underwent a pedicled ALT flap as part of their reconstruction. Flaps ranged in size from 75 to 648 cm2, and all but one were cutaneous in nature with the other one being fasciocutaneous. The flaps averaged 2 perforators (range, 1–3) and the donor sites were all closed primarily except for one. Conclusions:When faced with a complex defect in the abdominal-pelvic region, we propose that the pedicled ALT flap has several advantages to other types of tissue coverage and is an excellent option for the reconstructive surgeon.
Epidemiological tracing of Salmonella enterica serotype Abortusovis from Spanish ovine flocks by PFGE fingerprinting

SUMMARY Salmonella enterica serotype Abortusovis, an ovine host-specific serotype, rare in most countries, is responsible for epidemic abortion episodes in Spain. With the aim of surveillance and detection of the spread of specific clones, 55 Abortusovis isolates collected during 1996–2001 from flocks in 11 provinces, were studied using XbaI–PFGE. Despite the fact that the strains were geographically and spatially related, PFGE demonstrated an epidemiologically acceptable discriminating power, identifying 20 clones (similarity, 52–96%). Clones Sabv6, 1, 5 were disseminated in seven, five and two areas respectively, while another 17 clones appeared in single places. Clones from nearby geographic regions showed a high relatedness (one band of difference in the PFGE profile) Sabv1-2-3, Sabv5-6, Sabv7-8, and Sabv13-14, suggesting a common ancestor. Co-isolation in the same flock (Sabv5-6, Sabv1-3, Sabv1-6) was detected. PFGE surveillance detected the predominance and widespread distribution of clone Sabv6 in 21 out of the 55 Abortusovis serotype episodes studied in Spain.
A rapid screening method for acid‐volatile sulfide in sediments

A new, direct method for the determination of acid‐volatile sulfide (AVS) in sediments is presented. The method utilizes the direct reaction of Clines reagent with small amounts of sediment followed by colorimetric determination of AVS and offers fast analysis times without the need for specialized glassware or equipment. A comparison between AVS measured by this method and that measured by a purge‐and‐trap AVS method shows a linear relationship (r = 0.986, p < 0.001), although the method underestimates the AVS concentration measured by the purge‐and‐trap method. Sample throughput by the direct AVS method is more than 10 times that of purge‐and‐trap methods. The applicability of the direct AVS method to the rapid screening of AVS concentrations in sediments and for evaluating sediment quality with respect to metal contamination is demonstrated.
Dermal, inhalation, and internal exposure to 1,6-HDI and its oligomers in car body repair shop workers and industrial spray painters

Objectives: To study inhalation and dermal exposure to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and its oligomers as well as personal protection equipment (PPE) use during task performance in conjunction with urinary hexamethylene diamine (HDA) in car body repair shop workers and industrial spray painters. Methods: Personal task based inhalation samples (n = 95) were collected from six car body repair shops and five industrial painting companies using impingers with di-n-butylamine (DBA) in toluene. In parallel, dermal exposure was assessed using nitril rubber gloves. Gloves were submerged into DBA in toluene after sampling. Analysis for HDI and its oligomers was performed by LC-MS/MS. Urine samples were collected from 55 workers (n = 291) and analysed for HDA by GC-MS. Results: Inhalation exposure was strongly associated with tasks during which aerosolisation occurs. Dermal exposure occurred during tasks that involve direct handling of paint. In car body repair shops associations were found between detectable dermal exposure and glove use (odds ratio (OR) 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09 to 0.57) and inhalation exposure level (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.84 for a 10-fold increase). HDA in urine could be demonstrated in 36% and 10% of car body repair shop workers and industrial painting company workers respectively. In car body repair shops, the frequency of detectable HDA was significantly elevated at the end of the working day (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 4.22 for 3–6 pm v 0–8 am). In both branches HDA was detected in urine of ∼25% of the spray painters. In addition HDA was detected in urine of a large proportion of non-spray painters in car body repair shops. Conclusion: Although (spray) painting with lacquers containing isocyanate hardeners results in the highest external exposures to HDI and oligomers, workers that do not perform paint related tasks may also receive a considerable internal dose.
Effects of physical and sporting activities on balance control in elderly people.

OBJECTIVE: Balance disorders increase with aging and raise the risk of accidental falls in the elderly. It has been suggested that the practice of physical and sporting activities (PSA) efficiently counteracts these age related disorders, reducing the risk of falling significantly. METHODS: This study, principally based on a period during which the subjects were engaged in PSA, included 65 healthy subjects, aged over 60, who were living at home. Three series of posturographic tests (static, dynamic with a single and fast upward tilt, and dynamic with slow sinusoidal oscillations) analysing the centre of foot pressure displacements or electromyographic responses were conducted to determine the effects of PSA practice on balance control. RESULTS: The major variables of postural control were best in subjects who had always practised PSA (AA group). Those who did not take part in PSA at all (II group) had the worst postural performances, whatever the test. Subjects having lately begun PSA practice (IA group) had good postural performances, close to those of the AA group, whereas the subjects who had stopped the practice of PSA at an early age (AI group) did not perform as well. Overall, the postural control in the group studied decreased in the order AA > IA > AI > II. CONCLUSIONS: The period during which PSA are practised seems to be of major importance, having a positive bearing on postural control. It seems that recent periods of practice have greater beneficial effects on the subject's postural stability than PSA practice only at an early age. These data are compatible with the fact that PSA are extremely useful for elderly people even if it has not been a lifelong habit.
Validation and global uncertainty of a gas chromatographic with mass spectrometry method for fenamidone analysis in grapes and wines

Fenamidone is an imidazolinone fungicide recently introduced in viticulture practices. This work reports the validation and assessment of global uncertainty of a gas chromatographic with mass spectrometry method to analyze fenamidone in grapes and wines. This method consists in a simple and fast liquid-liquid extraction step followed by chromatographic determination. Limits of detection for fenamidone in grapes and wines were, respectively, 0.05 mg/kg and 0.06 mg/L, precision was below 9.4% and average recovery was 89 ± 5%. In the concentration range from 0.05 to 1.00 mg/kg (or mg/L) of fenamidone, global uncertainty calculated following the EURACHEM/CITAC rules, and also by the Horwitz function, was below 25%. The EURACHEM/CITAC global uncertainty budget used gave lower estimates than those obtained from the Horwitz function.
Indefatigable CA1 Sector Neuroprotection with Mild Hypothermia Induced 6 Hours after Severe Forebrain Ischemia in Rats

Considerable controversy exists about whether postischemic hypothermia can permanently salvage hippocampal CA 1 neurons or just postpone injury. Studies of very brief cooling in rat have found transient benefit, whereas experiments in gerbil using protracted hypothermia report lasting protection. This discrepancy might be because of the greater efficacy of longer cooling or it might, for example, represent an important species difference. In the present study, a 48-hour period of mild hypothermia was induced starting 6 hours after 10 minutes of severe four-vessel occlusion ischemia in rats. Untreated normothermic ischemia resulted in total CA1 cell loss (99%), whereas delayed hypothermia treatment reduced neuronal loss to 14% at a 28-day survival. In unregulated rats, brain temperature spontaneously fell during ischemia, and stayed subnormal for an extended period after ischemia. This mild cooling resulted in more variable and less severe CA1 injury (75%). Finally, vertebral artery cauterization under halothane anesthesia caused an approximately 2°C drop in brain temperature for 1 hour, but prevention of this hypothermia did not significantly affect CA1 damage. In summary, protracted postischemic hypothermia provided robust and long-term CA 1 protection in rat. These results encourage the clinical assessment of prolonged hypothermia and its use as a model to understand ischemic CA1 injury.
Assessment of the impact of vision impairment.

PURPOSE To describe the psychometric characteristics of the Impact of Vision Impairment (IVI) Profile and evaluate its validity and reliability over time and between different forms of administration. METHODS The IVI is a 32-item questionnaire developed to measure the impact of vision impairment on restriction of participation in daily activities in five domains of functioning. Each item is rated on a six-level scale from "no difficulty" to "can't do because of vision. " The IVI was administered by trained interviewers to 115 people with impaired vision (visual acuity less than 6/12 or visual field deficit) who attended the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, a vision rehabilitation agency, or a self-help group for people with impaired vision. Data were also collected on demographic characteristics of participants, cause of vision impairment, and distance and near vision. General health status was assessed with the Short Form-12 (SF-12) of the Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales. A subset of participants completed the IVI twice, either 1 to 2 weeks apart or by different forms of administration (different interviewers or self). RESULTS Internal consistency of total and domain average IVI scores was high (alpha = 0.80-0.96) and sequential elimination of items did not affect consistency. Total and domain average IVI scores correlated moderately with both near and distance vision (r = 0.21-0.31) but did not correlate with physical or general health or comorbidity. Total and domain average IVI scores correlated most closely with global measures of restriction of participation (r = 0.44-0.82). Principal-components analysis confirmed that all IVI items contribute to one underlying theme and tended to confirm two of the five domains: emotional reaction to vision loss and mobility. The first three components explained 43%, 8%, and 6% of the variation in the data. Guttman split-half reliability coefficients between different forms of administration and over time ranged from 0.73 to 0.94 for domain and total IVI scores. Mean absolute difference for domain and total scores between administrations was less than 1 step for all domains and the total score. CONCLUSIONS This study provides support that the IVI has sufficient internal and construct validity to measure the effect of vision impairment on restriction of participation in daily activities. The IVI demonstrates acceptable reliability over a short period and yields consistent results between interviewers. The IVI can also be self-administered with assurance that the results will be comparable to those that would have been obtained by a trained interviewer. Therefore, the psychometric characteristics of the IVI support its use in assessment of the vision rehabilitation needs of people with impaired vision. Its stability over time indicates that it has potential to evaluate outcomes of intervention.
Why a Company Chooses the Snowball ERP Implementation Strategy: a Case Study Approach

The growing cost of ERP systems and their importance to organizations have made the implementation strategy increasingly critical. In this study, we discuss in detail an implementation strategy, the snowball ERP implementation strategy, based on an exploratory case study. Interviews with managers at all levels in a company in China revealed that motivations for the company to adopt the snowball strategy include financial pressure, assimilation pressure, technical readiness, and fear of failure. Further, we discuss three essential facilitating factors associated with the snowball strategy that impact the ERP implementation and assimilation successes, including long-term partnership with ERP vendor, strong IT champion, and the steady implementation team. Based on these findings, we propose a theoretical model on the snowball implementation strategy. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are discussed.
OSD 1 Promotes Meiotic Progression via APC / C Inhibition and Forms a Regulatory Network with TDM and CYCA 1 ; 2 / TAM

Cell cycle control is modified at meiosis compared to mitosis, because two divisions follow a single DNA replication event. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) promote progression through both meiosis and mitosis, and a central regulator of their activity is the APC/C (Anaphase Promoting Complex/Cyclosome) that is especially required for exit from mitosis. We have shown previously that OSD1 is involved in entry into both meiosis I and meiosis II in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, the molecular mechanism by which OSD1 controls these transitions has remained unclear. Here we show that OSD1 promotes meiotic progression through APC/C inhibition. Next, we explored the functional relationships between OSD1 and the genes known to control meiotic cell cycle transitions in Arabidopsis. Like osd1, cyca1;2/tam mutation leads to a premature exit from meiosis after the first division, while tdm mutants perform an aberrant third meiotic division after normal meiosis I and II. Remarkably, while tdm is epistatic to tam, osd1 is epistatic to tdm. We further show that the expression of a non-destructible CYCA1;2/TAM provokes, like tdm, the entry into a third meiotic division. Finally, we show that CYCA1;2/TAM forms an active complex with CDKA;1 that can phosphorylate OSD1 in vitro. We thus propose that a functional network composed of OSD1, CYCA1;2/TAM, and TDM controls three key steps of meiotic progression, in which OSD1 is a meiotic APC/C inhibitor. Citation: Cromer L, Heyman J, Touati S, Harashima H, Araou E, et al. (2012) OSD1 Promotes Meiotic Progression via APC/C Inhibition and Forms a Regulatory Network with TDM and CYCA1;2/TAM. PLoS Genet 8(7): e1002865. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen. 1002865 Editor: Wojciech P. Pawlowski, Cornell University, United States of America Received February 29, 2012; Accepted June 12, 2012; Published July 26, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Cromer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by a grant ‘‘Action Thématique et Incitative sur Programme’’ from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (to AS), an European Union Interreg IV project, and two European Research Council Starting Independent Researcher Grants (210867 to AS and 20101109 to RM). JH is indebted to the Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders for a predoctoral fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: raphael.mercier@versailles.inra. fr
Rethinking Texture Mapping

The intrinsic problems of texture mapping, regarding its difficulties in content creation and the visual artifacts it causes in rendering, are well‐known, but often considered unavoidable. In this state of the art report, we discuss various radically different ways to rethink texture mapping that have been proposed over the decades, each offering different advantages and trade‐offs. We provide a brief description of each alternative texturing method along with an evaluation of its strengths and weaknesses in terms of applicability, usability, filtering quality, performance, and potential implementation related challenges.
Distribution of 131I-labeled Bothrops erythromelas venom in mice.

Bothrops erythromelas is responsible for many snake bites in northeastern Brazil. In the present study we determined the in vivo distribution of the venom following its subcutaneous injection into mice. B. erythromelas venom and albumin were labeled individually with 131I by the chloramine T method, and separated in a Sephacryl S-200 column. The efficiency of labeling was 68%. Male Swiss mice (40-45 g), which had been provided with drinking water containing 0.05% KI over a period of 10 days prior to the experiment, were inoculated dorsally (s.c.) with 0.3 ml (2.35 x 10(5) cpm/mouse) of 131I-venom (N = 42), 131I-albumin or 131I (controls, N = 28 each). Thirty minutes and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after inoculation, the animals were perfused with 0.85% NaCl and skin and various organs were collected in order to determine radioactivity content. There was a high rate of venom absorption in the skin (51%) within the first 30 min compared to albumin (20.1%) and free iodine (8.2%). Up to the third hour after injection there was a tendency for venom and albumin to concentrate in the stomach (3rd h), small intestine (3rd h) and large intestine (6th h). Both control groups had more radioactivity in the digestive tract, especially in the stomach, but these levels decreased essentially to baseline by 12-18 h postinjection. In the kidneys, the distribution profiles of venom, albumin and iodine were similar. Counts at 30 min postinjection were low in all three groups (1.37, 1.86 and 0.77, respectively), and diminished to essentially 0% by 12-18 h. Albumin tended to concentrate in muscle until the 3rd h postinjection (1.98%). There was a low binding of labeled venom in the liver (< 0.54%), thyroid (< 0.11%) and lungs (< 0.08%), and no iodinated venom was detected in brain, heart, diaphragm, spleen or bladder. The low venom binding observed in most internal organs, comparable to that of albumin, suggests that B. erythromelas venom does not specifically target most internal organs. That is, the systemic effects of envenomation are mainly due to an indirect action.
The interaction of perceived maternal and paternal parenting styles and their relation with the psychological distress and offending characteristics of incarcerated young offenders.

A shortened form of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) (Pederson, 1994) was used to examine the relationship between parenting styles and the psychological distress and offending patterns of a group of young male offenders held in custody in Scotland. High levels of psychological distress were linked with low parental care, but there was no association between psychological distress and parental control. Parental care was not a distinguishing factor in offending patterns, although high paternal control was linked with a younger age of first arrest. When interactions of paternal and maternal parenting styles were examined, young offenders who perceived poor parenting (i.e. neglectful parenting or affectionless control) from both parents had the highest levels of psychological distress overall.