Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glitz: cross-vendor federated file systems

We propose Glitz, a system to integrate multiple file server federation regimes. NFS version 4 is a significant advance over prior versions of NFS, in particular specifying how NFS clients can navigate a large, multi-server namespace whose constituent parts may be replicated or moved while in use, as specified by NFS servers. This capability is essentially the same as that of previous distributed file systems such as AFS [7]. Sophisticated as this NFS capability is, it does not address the larger problem of building a usable system atop this basic capability. Multiple single-architecture solutions have been proposed, but each of these is based on an architecture for server federation that does not easily admit other members [3, 16, 18]. Glitz allows those multiple-server federations to interoperate and collaborate in a vendor-independent fashion. We give a history of file system federation efforts as well as a detailed tour of Glitz and its benefits for vendors.
Differential Global Gene Expression Response Patterns of Human Endothelium Exposed to Shear Stress and Intraluminal Pressure

We investigated the global gene expression response of endothelium exposed to shear stress and intraluminal pressure and tested the hypothesis that the two biomechanical forces induce a differential gene expression response pattern. Intact living human conduit vessels (umbilical veins) were exposed to normal or high intraluminal pressure, or to low or high shear stress in combination with a physiological level of the other force in a unique vascular ex vivo perfusion system. Gene expression profiling was performed by the Affymetrix microarray technology on endothelial cells isolated from stimulated vessels. Biomechanical forces were found to regulate a very large number of genes in the vascular endothelium. In this study, 1,825 genes were responsive to mechanical forces, which corresponds to 17% of the expressed genes. Among pressure-responsive genes, 647 genes were upregulated and 519 genes were downregulated, and of shear stress-responsive genes, 133 genes were upregulated and 771 downregulated. The fraction of genes that responded to both pressure and shear stimulation was surprisingly low, only 13% of the regulated genes. Our results indicate that the two different stimuli induce distinct gene expression response patterns, which can also be observed when studying functional groups. Considering the low number of overlapping genes, we suggest that the endothelial cells can distinguish between shear stress and pressure stimulation.
Quand l'école se mobilise

Cet ouvrage analyse les effets des politiques de democratisation et de decentralisation sur l'organisation interne des etablissements d'enseignement et sur le rapport au metier des professionnels de l'education. L'importance des transformations constatees depend de la capacite des enseignants a adapter leurs pratiques et leurs ethiques professionnelles aux caracteristiques sociales et scolaires des eleves, sans renoncer a leurs exigences. Elle repose aussi sur des dynamiques collectives impliquant solidairement les diverses categories de personnels. La mobilisation de l'ecole apparait ainsi au carrefour d'une prise en compte des contraintes locales et d'une volonte consciente de pratiquer differemment les metiers lies a l'enseignement. L'originalite de ce travail, realise dans le cadre du Centre de recherche sur les liens sociaux (CERLIS), tient aussi a sa methode. Trois enquetes de longue duree dans une ecole, un college et un lycee polyvalent ont en effet permis de mieux saisir les traits specifiques a chaque niveau d'enseignement et les dynamiques transversales dans le changement educatif.
Cross-cultural construct complexity: an initial empirical analysis of Perú

Cross-cultural scholars continually request empirical research thatbroadens the complexity of culture. We examine the effects of culture following the broad conception of cultural constructs as cultural syndromes that are multifaceted. Based on past theoretical and empirical research, this study identifies three cultural syndromes, IndividualismCollectivism, Tolerance for Ambiguity and Status Identity, with the objective of utilizing original and existing conceptually sound measures of these constructs. The dimensionality of these constructs was assessed through the development and analysis of responses from a sample 0f226 Peruvian managers and experienced employees. Results provide support for the multi-dimensionality of these dimensions.
Colorectal Cancer Screening with Blood-Based Biomarkers: Cost-Effectiveness of Methylated Septin 9 DNA versus Current Strategies

Background: Screening reduces colorectal cancer mortality, but many persons remain unscreened. Screening with a blood test could improve screening rates. We estimated the comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening with emerging biomarkers, illustrated by a methylated Septin 9 DNA plasma assay (mSEPT9), versus established strategies. Methods: We conducted a cost-utility analysis using a validated decision analytic model comparing mSEPT9, fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy, projecting lifetime benefits and costs. Results: In the base case, mSEPT9 decreased colorectal cancer incidence by 35% to 41% and colorectal cancer mortality by 53% to 61% at costs of $8,400 to $11,500/quality-adjusted life year gained versus no screening. All established screening strategies were more effective than mSEPT9. FIT was cost saving, dominated mSEPT9, and was preferred among all the alternatives. Screening uptake and longitudinal adherence rates over time strongly influenced the comparisons between strategies. At the population level, mSEPT9 yielded incremental benefit at acceptable costs when it increased the fraction of the population screened more than it was substituted for other strategies. Conclusions: mSEPT9 seems to be effective and cost-effective compared with no screening. To be cost-effective compared with established strategies, mSEPT9 or blood-based biomarkers with similar test performance characteristics would need to achieve substantially higher uptake and adherence rates than the alternatives. It remains to be proven whether colorectal cancer screening with a blood test can improve screening uptake or long-term adherence compared with established strategies. Impact: Our study offers insights into the potential role of colorectal cancer screening with blood-based biomarkers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(9); 1567–76. ©2013 AACR.
NOTES ON SUFFIX SORTING

We study the problem of lexicographically sorting the suf- xes of a string of symbols. In particular, we analyze the time complexity of Sadakane's sux sorting algorithm (8), showing that this is O(n logn) in the worst case. We also give a small improvement in the space re- quirements of this algorithm. We conclude that Sadakane's algorithm, which has previously been shown to outperform the closely related al- gorithm of Manber and Myers (6) in practice, also endures a theoretical comparison.
Information categories and editorial processes in multiple channel publishing

The newspaper and media companies’ venture into electronic editions during the last decade place new demands on the organisation, the workflows, and the technology utilised within the organisation. In order to predict the future development of printed and electronic products and services within newspaper (and other media) companies, a set of content characterisation tools are presented in this thesis. By using the concepts of push versus pull orientation, and topicality versus durability, the migration patterns of certain information types, fulfilling a number of information needs, between different publishing channels can be mapped. Disparate publishing channels have different publishing rhythms and require different narrative techniques. This has an influence on the planning, the coverage, the production, and the publishing of news, and is closely linked to the concepts of push/pull and the degree of topicality. The migration of information types between different channels, and the different publishing rhythms and narrative techniques, affect the organisation and the workflows of the editorial department. In order to obtain as many synergetic effects as possible, the organisation should be designed to support a smooth and effective information and workflow based upon the products and services offered by the company. An editorial organisation with a common news desk for all editions forms a good base for integrated editorial work. The publishing system used in the newspaper company should be designed to be flexible and to support creative work, keep track of ongoing work, published and non-published content, and it should handle all conceivable content elements. The publishing system should consist of different subsystems built up around a common multimedia database.
Use of population genetic data to infer oviposition behaviour: species–specific patterns in four oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

Many species of oak gallwasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) induce galls containing more than one larva (multilocular galls) on their host plant. To date, it has remained unclear whether multilocular galls result solely from clustered oviposition by a single female, or include the aggregated offspring of several females (multiple founding). We have developed a novel maximum–likelihood approach for use with population genetic data that estimates the number and genotypes of parents contributing to offspring from each gall. We apply this method to allozyme data from multiple populations of four oak gallwasps whose asexual generations develop in multilocular galls (Andricus coriarius, A. lucidus, A. panteli and A. seckendorffi). We find strong evidence for multiple founding in all four species, and show the data to be compatible with multiple founding rather than founding by a single foundress mated with multiple males. The extent of multiple founding differs among species: in A. lucidus and A. seckendorffi most galls are induced by a single female, whereas in A. coriarius and A. panteli over half of the galls sampled were multiple founded. We suggest that variation in levels of multiple founding may be due to consistent ecological differences between the four species.
Robustness of the Common Spatial Patterns algorithm in the BCI-pipeline

When we want to use brain-computer interfaces (BCI) as an input modality for gaming, a short setup procedure is necessary. Therefore a user model has to be learned using small training sets. The common spatial patterns (CSP) algorithm is often used in BCI. In this work we investigate how the CSP algorithm generalizes when using small training sets, how the performance changes over time, and how well CSP generalizes over persons. Our results indicate that the CSP algorithm severely overfits on small training sets. The CSP algorithm often selects a small number of spatial filters that generalize poorly, which can have in impact on the classification performance. The generalization performance does not degrade over time, which is promising, but the signal does not seem to be stationary. In its current form, the CSP generalizes poorly over persons.
Deciphering the spatio‐temporal regulation of entry and progression through mitosis

Mitosis has been studied since the early 1880s as a key event of the cell division cycle where remarkable changes in cellular architecture take place and ultimately lead to an equal segregation of duplicated chromosomes into two daughter cells. A detailed description of the complex and highly ordered cellular events taking place is now available. Many regulators involved in key steps including entry into mitosis, nuclear envelope breakdown, microtubule (MT) spindle formation, and chromosome attachment, as well as mitotic exit and cytokinesis, have also been identified. However, understanding the precise spatio‐temporal contribution of each regulator in the cell reorganization process has been technically challenging. This review will focus on a number of recent advances in our understanding of the spatial distribution of protein activities and the temporal regulation of their activation and inactivation during entry and progression through mitosis by the use of intramolecular Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)‐based biosensors.
Measurement of network characteristics of multi-node cloud for real-time UHD video service

Recently, 4K resolution video contents and equipment are getting popular in market, but transmission environment is not established yet. 8K resolution video, panoramic video or more improved resolution video transmission can be generalized soon with development of equipment. For stable streaming over non-guaranteed network, this paper applies P2P streaming technology to multi-nodes in cloud. This paper measured bitrates at multiple nodes in a cloud, thereby confirming that we can increase bitrate by using multi-node. Furthermore, we confirm correlation among cloud nodes in terms of bitrates and jitter values.
Sex Differences in Career Guidance of Undergraduate Math Students and the Relation to Help-Seeking Behaviors

Males continue to dominate mathematics-related areas in graduate school and employment, possibly due to the differential guidance that they receive as students. In the present study, 180 undergraduates completed an online survey on the career and graduate school guidance they received from mathematics professors. Student sex, professor sex, and help-seeking behaviors were considered as possible correlates of career guidance. Students of both sexes reported similar help-seeking behaviors, but males received more career guidance from professors. Help-seeking levels along with an interaction term of student sex and professor sex significantly predicted career guidance. The influence of student sex on career guidance depended on professor sex. Male students with male professors received the greatest amount of career guidance. The differential career guidance may contribute to the pervasive sex gap within the mathematics field.
Two Cross-Platform Programs for Inferences and Interval Estimation About Indirect Effects in Mediational Models

In this article, we describe two new programs that compute both p-values and confidence intervals (CI) for the indirect effect in mediational models, including (a) a p-value based on the partial posterior method, which we refer to as p3 computed across the posterior distribution of the regression coefficients; (b) a variant of p3 that uses a normal approximation for the posterior distributions, p3N; (c) Hierarchical Bayesian CIs (CIHB) based on the posterior distributions of the regression coefficients; and (d) CIs based on the Monte Carlo method (CIMC). These programs do not require access to raw data as do resampling methods. Similar to Sobel’s test, p3 and p3N constitute a single p-value for the indirect effect while performing substantially better in terms of Type I and II error rates. Furthermore, we include a memory efficient computational algorithm for CIHB and CIMC that allows for precision beyond that in existing alternative implementations. The underlying programs can utilize multicore processors, and their performance is tested through a simulation study. Finally, the use of these programs is illustrated with an empirical example.
Leptin-Responsive GABAergic Neurons Regulate Fertility through Pathways That Result in Reduced Kisspeptinergic Tone

The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin plays a critical role in the central transmission of energy balance to modulate reproductive function. However, the neurocircuitry underlying this interaction remains elusive, in part due to incomplete knowledge of first-order leptin-responsive neurons. To address this gap, we explored the contribution of predominantly inhibitory (GABAergic) neurons versus excitatory (glutamatergic) neurons in the female mouse by selective ablation of the leptin receptor in each neuronal population: Vgat-Cre;Leprlox/lox and Vglut2-Cre;Leprlox/lox mice, respectively. Female Vgat-Cre;Leprlox/lox but not Vglut2-Cre;Leprlox/lox mice were obese. Vgat-Cre;Leprlox/lox mice had delayed or absent vaginal opening, persistent diestrus, and atrophic reproductive tracts with absent corpora lutea. In contrast, Vglut2-Cre;Leprlox/lox females exhibited reproductive maturation and function comparable to Leprlox/lox control mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of kisspeptin-10 to Vgat-Cre;Leprlox/lox female mice elicited robust gonadotropin responses, suggesting normal gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal and gonadotrope function. However, adult ovariectomized Vgat-Cre;Leprlox/lox mice displayed significantly reduced levels of Kiss1 (but not Tac2) mRNA in the arcuate nucleus, and a reduced compensatory luteinizing hormone increase compared with control animals. Estradiol replacement after ovariectomy inhibited gonadotropin release to a similar extent in both groups. These animals also exhibited a compromised positive feedback response to sex steroids, as shown by significantly lower Kiss1 mRNA levels in the AVPV, compared with Leprlox/lox mice. We conclude that leptin-responsive GABAergic neurons, but not glutamatergic neurons, act as metabolic sensors to regulate fertility, at least in part through modulatory effects on kisspeptin neurons.
On the Evolution of Pre-Flare Patterns of a 3-Dimensional Model of AR 11429

Abstract We apply a novel pre-flare tracking of sunspot groups towards improving the estimation of flare onset time by focusing on the evolution of the 3D magnetic field construction of AR 11429. The 3D magnetic structure is based on potential field extrapolation encompassing a vertical range from the photosphere through the chromosphere and transition region into the low corona. The basis of our proxy measure of activity prediction is the so-called weighted horizontal gradient of magnetic field (WGM) defined between spots of opposite polarities close to the polarity inversion line of an active region. The temporal variation of the distance of the barycenter of the opposite polarities is also found to possess potentially important diagnostic information about the flare onset time estimation as function of height similar to its counterpart introduced initially in an application at the photosphere only in Korsós et al. (2015). We apply the photospheric pre-flare behavioural patterns of sunspot groups to the evolution of their associated 3D-constructed AR 11429 as function of height. We found that at a certain height in the lower solar atmosphere the onset time may be estimated much earlier than at the photosphere or at any other heights. Therefore, we present a tool and recipe that may potentially identify the optimum height for flare prognostic in the solar atmosphere allowing to improve our flare prediction capability and capacity.
Adjuvant radiotherapy with and without concurrent chemotherapy for locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter.

PURPOSE Transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract is a relatively uncommon malignancy. The role of adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not well defined. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 31 patients who underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy to determine overall outcome as well as impact of concurrent chemotherapy administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1970 and 1997, 31 patients with nonmetastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (renal pelvis in 13, ureter in 15, and renal pelvis and ureter in 3) were treated with radiotherapy following attempted curative resection. Most patients (28 of 31) had T3/4 and/or N+ disease. The median radiation dose was 46.9 Gy. Nine patients received methotrexate, cisplatin and vinblastine chemotherapy for 2 to 4 cycles, followed by concurrent cisplatin with radiation. RESULTS Median followup was 2.6 years in all patients and 8.5 years in survivors. Median survival in all patients was 2.4 years. Of the patients 16 (52%) experienced disease relapse, including 9 (29%) with distant metastases alone. Seven patients (23%) experienced locoregional failure with distant metastases developing in all except 1 within 8 months of locoregional failure diagnosis. Five-year actuarial overall survival, disease specific survival, locoregional control and metastasis-free survival rates were 39%, 52%, 67% and 48%, respectively. On univariate analysis patients had improved 5-year actuarial overall and disease specific survival with the administration of concurrent chemotherapy (27% vs 67%, p = 0.01 and 41% vs 76%, p = 0.06, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our series suggests that the addition of concurrent cisplatin to adjuvant radiotherapy improves the ultimate outcome in patients with resected, locally advanced upper tract urothelial malignancies. This regimen should be considered in patients with T3/4 and/or node positive upper tract transitional cell carcinoma.
Gait Analysis in Children With Severe Clubfeet: Early Results of Physiotherapy Versus Surgical Release

Ninety children between the ages of 2 and 3 years with 127 clubfeet underwent gait analysis. Fifty-one feet had undergone posteromedial releases, 52 feet had no surgery following correction of the deformity using the French physical therapy program, and 24 feet had either tendo Achilles lengthening or posterior releases following physical therapy. Persistent internal rotation of the foot during gait was the most frequent gait disturbance and was seen in all treatment groups. Limited ankle dorsiflexion was most common in the nonoperated feet, while calcaneus deformity occurred in the posteromedial release group. Ankle motion during gait was normal in 54% of nonoperated feet compared with 39% of feet that had posteromedial releases. While gait abnormalities were common in all clubfeet, fewer deviations were documented in feet treated with physical therapy that did not require surgery. Aggressive release leads to a higher likelihood of abnormal ankle motion and internal rotation during gait.
COST ESTIMATION PREDICTIVE MODELING: REGRESSION VERSUS NEURAL NETWORK

ABSTRACT Cost estimation generally involves predicting labor, material, utilities or other costs over time given a small subset of factual data on “cost drivers. ” Statistical models, usually of the regression form, have assisted with this projection. Artificial neural networks are non-parametric statistical estimators, and thus have potential for use in cost estimation modeling. This research examined the performance, stability and ease of cost estimation modeling using regression versus neural networks to develop cost estimating relationships (CERs). Results show that neural networks have advantages when dealing with data that does not adhere to the generally chosen low order polynomial forms, or data for which there is little a priori knowledge of the appropriate CER to select for regression modeling. However, in cases where an appropriate CER can be identified, regression models have significant advantages in terms of accuracy, variability, model creation and model examination. Both simulated and actua.