Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Specifics in running kinematics developed by Pose Method in disabled sprinters with cerebral palsy

Background:The absence of a commonly accepted theory of running technique and teaching methods creates certain practical and theoretical difficulties in the training of athletes of all levels. This particularly concerns disabled athletes who specialise in running. The absence of an established standard in running technique makes it difficult for runners diagnosed with cerebral palsy to learn an effective and reliable running technique in order to build up a foundation for developing sport performance skill and to reduce injuries. Hypothesis:Disabled runners affected by cerebral palsy can experience changes in running technique similar to those of healthy runners by learning to run with the Pose Method. Objective:The purpose of this study was to find specifics in kinematics of disabled runners learning the Pose Method, and to compare them to the specifics in kinematics of healthy runners learning the Pose Method. Data sources:To conduct the comparative analysis of kinematics, data of healthy runners were g.
On the design of algebraic space-time codes for MIMO block-fading channels

The availability of multiple transmit antennas allows for two-dimensional channel codes that exploit the spatial transmit diversity. These codes were referred to as space-time codes by Tarokh et al. (see ibid., vol.44, p.744-765, Mar. 1998) Most prior works on space-time code design have considered quasi-static fading channels. We extend our earlier work on algebraic space-time coding to block-fading channels. First, we present baseband design criteria for space-time codes in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) block-fading channels that encompass as special cases the quasi-static and fast fading design rules. The diversity advantage baseband criterion is then translated into binary rank criteria for phase shift keying (PSK) modulated codes. Based on these binary criteria, we construct algebraic space-time codes that exploit the spatial and temporal diversity available in MIMO block-fading channels. We also introduce the notion of universal space-time codes as a generalization of the smart-greedy design rule. As a part of this work, we establish another result that is important in its own right: we generalize the full diversity space-time code constructions for quasi-static channels to allow for higher rate codes at the expense of minimal reductions in the diversity advantage. Finally, we present simulation results that demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed codes.
Human inquiry : a sourcebook of new paradigm research

Sets forth a new paradigm for the philosophy and practice of research in fields of human activity: a collaborative, experimental approach in which inquiry is firmly rooted in subjects' experience of their lives. Covers the philosophy, methodology, practice and prospects of the new paradigm, showing how to do research with people rather than on people. Synthesizes material from researchers pursuing similar paths in Europe, North America, Africa and India as well as relevant reprints and appreciations of classical material.
Reliability of multi-state systems with two failure-modes

Systems with two failure modes (STFM) consist of devices, which can fail in either of two modes. For example, switching systems can not only fail to close when commanded to close but can also fail to open when commanded to open. This paper considers systems consisting of different elements characterized by nominal performance level in each mode. Such systems are multi-state because they have multiple performance levels in both modes, depending on the combination of elements available at the moment. The system availability is defined as the probability of satisfaction of given constraints imposed on system performance in both modes. The paper suggests reliability measures for multi-state systems with 2 failure modes, and presents a procedure for evaluating these measures. The procedure is based on the use of a universal moment generating function (UMGF). It allows one to estimate availability and s-expected performance of complex systems with series-parallel and bridge topology. Basic UMGF technique operators are developed for two types of systems, based on transmitting-capacity and on operation-time.
A Software Development Process for Small Projects

The authors' development process integrates portions of an iterative, incremental process model with a quality assurance process that assesses each process phase's quality and a measurement process that collects data to guide process improvement. The process's goal is to produce the high quality and timely results required for today's market without imposing a large overhead on a small project.
Sexting, Texting, Cyberbullying and Keeping Youth Safe Online

Problem statement: The issue of cyberbullying is one that has raised the concerns of parents, educators and law enforcement. Today children have cell phones with internet access as young as age eleven and some have cell phones as young as age eight making them all vulnerable to cyberbullying. Approach: The aim of this study was to explore differences between third, fourth and fifth graders perceptions of cyberbullying as a function of having a cell phone, by gender and grade. Data was collected from 835 third, fourth and fifth graders in Massachusetts. Results: An analysis of the data revealed that 35 % of third, fourth and fifth graders had their own cell phone, 11.4% responded that they had received mean or hurtful email or text messages about them and 45.6% of the students responded that they had been bullied in school. Differences by grade and gender were examined. Results indicate that although 27% of respondents worry about being bullied online, only 12% had someone talk to them about bullying online. Students in third grade were more in agreement that they worry about being bullied online and more strongly reported being afraid of being bullied by other students at school. Female respondents were more in agreement with the prevalence of cyberbullying or receiving hurtful emails and text messages about them and others. Conclusion: The findings suggest that students are provided with technology at young ages and receive very little guidance to protect them from cyberbullying.
Expression of HOX Genes in Acute Leukemia Cell Lines with and without MLL Translocations

In primary cells from acute leukemia patients, expression of the genes MEIS1, HOXA5, HOXA7 and HOXA9 has been reported to be correlated with the occurrence of MLL translocations. It was our aim to find out whether MLL mutant (MLLmu) and MLL wild-type (MLLwt) acute leukemia-derived cell lines might likewise be discriminated on the basis of HOX gene expression. Southern blot analysis, performed to verify the MLL status of the cells, showed that NOMO-1 was the only cell line not tested previously carrying a rearranged MLL gene. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis demonstrated that this cell line exhibited a reciprocal t(9;11)(q23;p22). Sequencing of RT-PCR products thereof identified unique MLL exon 10/AF-9 exon 5 fusion transcripts. We divided the acute leukemia-derived cell lines (n = 37) according to the results of Southern blot analysis into MLLmu (n = 19) and MLLwt (n = 18). Expression of HOX genes was then analyzed by applying reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Northern and Western blot analyses. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines expressed the HOX genes significantly more often than acute lymphoblastic (ALL) cell lines. In ALL, cells with MLL translocations expressed the genes 4 times more often than MLLwt cells. Most distinct was the correlation between MLL status and MEIS1 expression in ALL-derived cell lines: 8/8 MLLmu, but 0/10 MLLwt cell lines expressed MEIS1. Northern and Western blot analysis confirmed that also HOXA9 and FLT3 were significantly more often and stronger expressed in MLLmu than in MLLwt ALL cell lines. These results suggest that MLL aberrations may regulate MEIS1 and HOXA9 gene expression in ALL-derived cell lines, while AML-derived cell lines express these genes independently of the MLL status.
Choosing a University Course: First year students' expertise and information search activity

Higher education policy in Australia is increasingly based on the assumption that prospective students are able to operate as empowered decision-makers operating in an open choice environment (Baldwin, 1994). However, little research has been undertaken to evaluate students’ capacity to undertake decision-making about their courses and institutions in an informed and empowered manner. Informed and knowledgeable (expert) consumers are expected to experience less cognitive dissonance after purchase of a product or service (Selnes & Troye, 1989). For students in transition to university, cognitive dissonance might be generated if the students expectations of the institution are not ful lled (Avis, 1997; Wiese, 1994). Consequently, the understanding of students’ expertise, and therefore their ability to undertake the highly complex decision-making task of choosing a university, is important to marketers and university administrators alike. Research into student decision making is still in its infancy in most countries and is the focus of this research note. Alba and Hutchinson (1987) suggest that there are two types of consumer knowledge: familiarity, which is based on experience with the product or product class; and expertise, which is based on the ability to perform product-related tasks. Expertise is comprised of subjective knowledge; that is, the consumer may believe they have knowledge of the product class (Mitchell & Dacin, 1996). In addition, expertise comprises objective knowledge; that is, when the consumer has product-related memories which are accurate and can be measured by some objective means (Rao & Sieben, 1992). Knowledge of both types leads to expertise in a product-related task (de Bont & Schoormans, 1995). It is necessary to consider both objective and subjective knowledge due to the likelihood of inaccuracy in determining levels of subjective knowledge (Selnes & Troye, 1989). However, in the consumer research domain it is relatively straightforward to determine a relationship between subject related experiences and the development of objective expertise. The present study addressed the issue of how objective expertise is developed without signi cant levels of product-related experiences. It was hypothesised that certain information search activity activities would be more strongly associated with the development of objective expertise than others. In order to examine this hypothesis,  rst year students in their  rst few weeks of university attendance were surveyed to establish their level of objective and subjective expertise
A Review of the Theories of Corporate Social Responsibility: Its Evolutionary Path and the Road Ahead

This study aims to trace the conceptual evolutionary path of theories on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and to reflect on the implications of the development. The retrospection has revealed that the trend has been a progressive rationalization of the concept with a particular focus on tighter coupling with organizations’ financial goals. Rationalization involves two broad shifts in the conceptualization of CSR. First, in terms of the level of analysis, researchers have moved from the discussion of the macro-social effects of CSR to organizational-level analysis of CSR's effect on profit. Next, in terms of theoretical orientation, researchers have moved from explicitly normative and ethics-oriented arguments to implicitly normative and performance-oriented managerial studies. Based on the retrospection, the limitations of the current state of CSR research that places excessive emphasis on the business case for CSR are outlined, and it is suggested that future research needs to refocus on basic research in order to develop conceptual tools and theoretical mechanisms that explain changing organizational behavior from a broader societal perspective.
Catholics and the care of destitute children in late Nineteenth Century New South Wales

Abstract This article addresses the question of why the Catholic Church in New South Wales continued and expanded its provision of institutional care of orphan and destitute children when state provision turned decisively away from this form of care in favour of a system of ‘boarding out’ of children with foster families after a Royal Commission in 1874. It is argued that relevant considerations include the social context of attempts to establish a secular public school system to replace church schools; the Catholic Church's opposition to the proselytism of Catholic children; the Catholic community's perception of the quality of care provided in Catholic orphanages and its reaction to the 1874 Report of the Royal Commission into Public Charities; ambivalence towards the state boarding out scheme and the absence within the Catholic Church and community of the resources necessary to establish and maintain a Catholic system of foster care.
A New Method for Evaluating the Structural Similarity of Proteins Using Geometric Morphometrics

where dij is the distance between amino acid residues, and dij is the mean distance for those residues (a standardized Z-score of S is typically used [2, 3]). A matrix of Z-scores is then built up in pairwise fashion and used to generate a protein structure space. While this protocol is useful, we feel it can be improved upon. Three aspects of their protocol are particularly problematic: 1) different pairwise contrasts use different sets of amino acids, so the resulting Z-scores are not comparable; 2) a structural similarity threshold of 20% is arbitrarily imposed and unfortunately results in mathematical inconsistencies of their space; 3) a weight function in their equation, the exponential term, confounds shape similarity with size similarity. Tools currently used for the analysis of anatomical shape do not have these difficulties. These geometric morphometric methods [1, 4], utilize the three-dimensional coordinates of homologous landmarks (residues) as the starting point of shape comparisons. Nonshape variation is removed through a least-squares superimposition, and a mathematically consistent multi-dimensional space results in which proteins with similar shape cluster together. Here we explore these methods for protein structure comparisons using globins as an example data set.
The mediation effects of dysfunctional beliefs and emotional regulation on children's perceived parental conflict and internalizing and externalizing problems

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediational effects of dysfunctional beliefs and difficulties in emotional regulation on children's perception of interparental conflict and subsequent internalizing and externalizing problems. The participants in this study were 335 fifth grade elementary school students in Korea. We hypothesized that the association between children's perceived parental conflict and their internalizing and externalizing problems is mediated by dysfunctional beliefs and difficulty in emotional regulation. The hypothesized model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM). The hypothesis was supported, and we concluded that children's perceived parental conflict affects children's internalizing problems through dysfunctional beliefs and difficulties in emotional regulation. However, the bootstrap results indicate that the direct path between parental conflict and externalizing problems is not significant, which suggests full mediation of dysfunctional belief in the association between parental conflict and externalizing problems, while dysfunctional belief partially mediated the association between parental conflict and internalizing problems.
Constitutive Gαi Coupling Activity of Very Large G Protein-coupled Receptor 1 (VLGR1) and Its Regulation by PDZD7 Protein*

Background: The signaling and regulatory mechanism of the orphan receptor VLGR1 remains elusive. Results: The cleaved VLGR1 β-subunit constitutively coupled to Gαi and was regulated by the VLGR1 α-subunit, a disease-associated mutation, and PDZD7. Conclusion: The VLGR1 β-subunit signals independently and is regulated at multiple levels. Significance: The identified new signaling mechanism may aid in the design of a VLGR1-targeted therapy. The very large G protein-coupled receptor 1 (VLGR1) is a core component in inner ear hair cell development. Mutations in the vlgr1 gene cause Usher syndrome, the symptoms of which include congenital hearing loss and progressive retinitis pigmentosa. However, the mechanism of VLGR1-regulated intracellular signaling and its role in Usher syndrome remain elusive. Here, we show that VLGR1 is processed into two fragments after autocleavage at the G protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site. The cleaved VLGR1 β-subunit constitutively inhibited adenylate cyclase (AC) activity through Gαi coupling. Co-expression of the Gαiq chimera with the VLGR1 β-subunit changed its activity to the phospholipase C/nuclear factor of activated T cells signaling pathway, which demonstrates the Gαi protein coupling specificity of this subunit. An R6002A mutation in intracellular loop 2 of VLGR1 abolished Gαi coupling, but the pathogenic VLGR1 Y6236fsx1 mutant showed increased AC inhibition. Furthermore, overexpression of another Usher syndrome protein, PDZD7, decreased the AC inhibition of the VLGR1 β-subunit but showed no effect on the VLGR1 Y6236fsx1 mutant. Taken together, we identified an independent Gαi signaling pathway of the VLGR1 β-subunit and its regulatory mechanisms that may have a role in the development of Usher syndrome.
Empowering Low-Power Wide Area Networks in Urban Settings

Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LP-WANs) are an attractive emerging platform to connect the Internet-of-things. LP-WANs enable low-cost devices with a 10-year battery to communicate at few kbps to a base station, kilometers away. But deploying LP-WANs in large urban environments is challenging, given the sheer density of nodes that causes interference, coupled with attenuation from buildings that limits signal range. Yet, state-of-the-art techniques to address these limitations demand inordinate hardware complexity at the base stations or clients, increasing their size and cost. This paper presents Choir, a system that overcomes challenges pertaining to density and range of urban LP-WANs despite the limited capabilities of base station and client hardware. First, Choir proposes a novel technique that aims to disentangle and decode large numbers of interfering transmissions at a simple, single-antenna LP-WAN base station. It does so, perhaps counter-intuitively, by taking the hardware imperfections of low-cost LP-WAN clients to its advantage. Second, Choir exploits the correlation of sensed data collected by LP-WAN nodes to collaboratively reach a faraway base station, even if individual clients are beyond its range. We implement and evaluate Choir on USRP N210 base stations serving a 10 square kilometer area surrounding Carnegie Mellon University campus. Our results reveal that Choir improves network throughput of commodity LP-WAN clients by 6.84 x and expands communication range by 2.65 x.
Biosynthesis of a Rare Di-N-Acetylated Sugar in the Lipopolysaccharides of both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bordetella pertussis Occurs via an Identical Scheme despite Different Gene Clusters

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bordetella pertussis produce lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that contains 2,3-diacetamido-2,3-dideoxy-d-mannuronic acid (d-ManNAc3NAcA). A five-enzyme biosynthetic pathway that requires WbpA, WbpB, WbpE, WbpD, and WbpI has been proposed for the production of this sugar in P. aeruginosa, based on analysis of genes present in the B-band LPS biosynthesis cluster. In the analogous B. pertussis cluster, homologs of wbpB to wbpI were present, but a putative dehydrogenase gene was missing; therefore, the biosynthetic mechanism for UDP-d-ManNAc3NAcA was unclear. Nonpolar knockout mutants of each P. aeruginosa gene were constructed. Complementation analysis of the mutants demonstrated that B-band LPS production was restored to P. aeruginosa knockout mutants when the relevant B. pertussis genes were supplied in trans. Thus, the genes that encode the putative oxidase, transaminase, N-acetyltransferase, and epimerase enzymes in B. pertussis are functional homologs of those in P. aeruginosa. Two candidate dehydrogenase genes were located by searching the B. pertussis genome; these have 80% identity to P. aeruginosa wbpO (serotype O6) and 32% identity to wbpA (serotype O5). These genes, wbpO 1629 and wbpO 3150, were shown to complement a wbpA knockout of P. aeruginosa. Capillary electrophoresis was used to characterize the enzymatic activities of purified WbpO1629 and WbpO3150, and mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the two enzymes are dehydrogenases capable of converting UDP-d-GlcNAc, UDP-d-GalNAc, to a lesser extent, and UDP-d-Glc, to a much lesser extent. Together, these results suggest that B. pertussis produces UDP-d-ManNAc3NAcA through the same pathway proposed for P. aeruginosa, despite differences in the genomic context of the genes involved.
Fuzzy Control System of Extracting for Chinese Traditional Medicine Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Investigated on the process of producing “SkinproFeminine Care Lotion” and Fuzzy Proportion-Integral-Derivative (FPID) Control System for temperature control. A method of tuning width of fuzzy membership functions by using Particle Swarm optimization is explored, without expert experiment, this method can adjust the width of membership functions on-line. Simulation and real test show that, using this method can obviously reduce the fluctuation of the temperature.
Predictors of Academic Success at State-Supported Residential Schools for Mathematics and Science: A Validity Study

The purpose of this research was to analyze and assess the validity of identification-selection procedures used in residential schools for talented youth in the United States in predicting success as measured by student grades. High school grades prior to admission were the best predictors of grades in the residential schools, and SAT scores were also good predictors. Interview ratings and overall ratings of admission files by selection committee members were of no value as predictors.
Alienation, Servility and Amorality: Relating Gogol’s Portrayal of Bureaupathology to an Accountability Era

This article explores the insights literature can bring to administrative and bureaucratic critique, focusing on the work of Nikolai Gogol. Gogol’s satire of bureaucracy presages many subsequent social science analyses. These encompass the fundamental ruptures in society caused by a surfeit of bureaucracy in ‘The Nose’ and, on a more psychological level, the effects of bureaucratization on the individual in ‘The Overcoat’. His stories portray the alienation, futile activity and servility caused in lower level functionaries through problems of loss of identity, the absence of meaningful work and a lack of separation between public and private life. This article uses Gogol’s work to intensify and sharpen an exploration of the pathological responses of educational administrators and policy makers to an accountability era of burgeoning bureaucracy that has a profound negative impact on performance.