Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of functional strength training on snatch performance for weightlifters

This study aims to improve the functional strength (Strength – Power- Balance) using the Functional strength Exercises and knowledge and their impact on Snatch performance for lifters. Applied study on a sample of (12) weightlifters Registered Egyptian Federation of weightlifting/ Egypt of season 2016/2017, the researcher used an experimental method to design two groups, one Functional strength group consisted of (6) lifter and the other control group of (6) lifter. Where the mean age of (20.17 ± 3.97 years) and height (166.00 ± 3.29 cm), weight (79.08 ± 14.02 kg) and age training (8.83 ± 4.02 years) for the Functional strength group, while the Mean age (18.83 ± 2.14 years), height (165.83 ± 8.59 cm), weight (69.07 ± 5.91 kg) and age training (6.33 ± 3.14 years) for the control group Methods. The Functional strength group underwent a functional strength Exercises while the control group underwent Traditional exercises. Functional strength Exercises Continued for 12 Weeks 3 times per week and the training session lasted 90-120 a minute. The pre and post for the two control and Functional strength group a measured functional strength (Strength – Power- Balance) and snatch performance tests for the two groups. Statistical analysis of the experimental and control data SPSS was used to apply formulas statistical by calculating: Mean, Standard deviation, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon test. Results. The results showed the use of a functional strength Exercises resulted in an improvement statistically significant at a level of functional strength training and snatch performance for weightlifters. This study confirms that a functional strength (strength – Power- Balance) training improves snatch performance for lifters. Conclusions. The Weightlifting Federation and attention by coaches trained in the application of a functional strength training weightlifters programs given the positive impact on the lifters.
Survey for Galaxies Associated with z ~ 3 Damped Lyα Systems. II. Galaxy-Absorber Correlation Functions

We use 211 galaxy spectra from our survey for Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) associated with 11 damped Lyα systems (DLAs) to measure the three-dimensional LBG autocorrelation and DLA-LBG cross-correlation functions with the primary goal of inferring the mass of DLAs at z ~ 3. From every measurement and test in this work, we find evidence for an overdensity of LBGs near DLAs that is very similar to that of LBGs near other LBGs. Conventional binning of the data while varying both r0 and γ parameters of the fiducial model of the correlation function ξ(r) = (r/r0)-γ resulted in the best-fit values and 1 σ uncertainties of r0 = 2.65 ± 0.48, γ = 1.55 ± 0.40 for the LBG autocorrelation, and r0 = 3.32 ± 1.25, γ = 1.74 ± 0.36 for the DLA-LBG cross-correlation function. To circumvent shortcomings found in binning small data sets, we perform a maximum likelihood analysis based on Poisson statistics. The best-fit values and 1 σ confidence levels were found to be r0 = 2.91, γ = 1.21 for the LBG autocorrelation, and r0 = 2.81, γ = 2.11 for the DLA-LBG cross-correlation function. We report a redshift spike of five LBGs with Δz = 0.015 of the z = 2.936 DLA in the PSS 0808+5215 field; the DLA-LBG clustering signal survives when omitting this field from the analysis. Using the correlation function measurements and uncertainties, we compute the z ~ 3 LBG galaxy bias bLBG to be 1.5 < bLBG < 3, corresponding to an average halo mass of 109.7 < ⟨MLBG⟩ < 1011.6 M☉, and the z ~ 3 DLA galaxy bias bDLA to be 1.3 < bDLA < 4, corresponding to an average halo mass of 109 < ⟨MLBG⟩ < 1012 M☉. Finally, two of the six QSOs discovered were found to lie within Δz = 0.0125 of two of the survey DLAs. We estimate that the probability of this occurring by chance is 1 in 940, indicating a possible relationship between the distribution of QSOs and DLAs at z ~ 3.
Adjustment in Africa: Reforms, Results, and the Road Ahead

The World Bank has provided both the specialist and generalist with an invaluable overview of the results of "adjustment" made by many governments in sub-Saharan Africa. This is yet one in a long list of quality studies of the most economic problems facing the region (for example, see World Bank, Accelerated Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Agenda for Action, Washington, DC: World Bank, 1981 or World Bank, Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth, Washington, DC: World Bank, 1989). The region's overall economic growth rate during the past two decades has been disappointing; its real GDP per capita actually declined by an annual rate of 2.2 percent from 1989-90. Sub-Saharan Africa has found itself sinking backwards economically while other developing areas of the world are leaping forward. For example, the Bank study found that at independence in 1957, Ghana was less poor than South Korea and in 1965 Indonesia's economic output was about the same as Nigeria's. By 1993 Indonesia produced three times the output of Nigeria, while South Korea's economy was six times larger than Ghana's. Sub-Saharan African contains about 11 percent of the total population of the world's developing countries but represents about 16 percent of the developing world's poor. Evidence provided by the World Bank study suggests that economic reforms have in general led to improved economic performance. The Bank studied 29 countries in sub-Saharan Africa which had undertaken adjustment strategies in the 1980s. The study found that no African country has firmly established, in the broadest sense, a sound macroeconomic policy stance. However, it did conclude that the six countries—Ghana, Tanzania, Gambia, Burkino Faso, Nigeria and Zimbabwe—which have made the most improvement in macroeconomic policies between 1981-91 also performed the best in economic terms. For the six most successful states, their median rate of GDP per capita growth between 1987 and 1991 was 0.4 percent, and although low, it did represent a turnaround from the one percent annual declines during the early and mid 1980s. In contrast, the other 23 countries studies saw median GDP per capita growth fall by 2.1 percent. The six best performers saw their median increase in exports grow by eight percent, while those 11 with ineffective policies witnessed exports declining by 0.7 percent. The best performers saw industrial growth accelerate by six percent, compared with 1.7 percent for the worst 11 countries. Agriculture grew more quickly—by two percent—in the states which had substantially reduced the taxation of export
Multi-Input Fuzzy Rules Emulated Networks with a Hertzian Contact Force Sensor

In this paper, the implementation of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy network called Multi-Input Fuzzy Rules Emulated Network (MIFREN) is presented. This network has a simple structure to describe the human knowledge about the robotic manipulator and the sensor in the form of fuzzy IF-THEN rules. MIFREN is implemented as a force feedback controller which used a force sensor based on Hertzian contact and ultrasound. The contact probe exhibits high sensitivity to initial instantaneous contact and provides an estimation of the reaction force. Based on the force signal provided by this probe, the MIFREN's structure can be constructed and integrated directly in the controller without any mathematical model of the system. The experimental results with synthetic elastomer and tomato samples demonstrate the superior performance of MIFREN compared to a well tuned PI controller.
Analysis software tool for optical access network: Smart Access Network _ Testing, Analyzing and Database (SANTAD)

This paper presents and experimentally demonstrates a MATLAB-based graphical user interface (GUI) namely Smart Access Network _ Testing, Analyzing and Database (SANTAD), which will be installed at central office (CO) for centralized monitoring the network system and troubleshooting any degradation or fault that occurs in passive optical network (PON) downwardly from CO towards customer residential locations. SANTAD is interfaced with a commercially available optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) to accumulate every network testing result to be displayed on a single computer screen for further analyzing. The developed program will identify and present the parameters of each optical line such as the line's status, optical signal level, magnitude of decreasing, failure location, and other details as shown in the OTDR's screen.
An upper bound for the block coding error exponent with delayed feedback

The issue of whether feedback can significantly increase reliability in the fixed-length channel code setting is further investigated. This paper considers the problem of error exponents for block codes with noiseless, delayed feedback used over discrete memoryless channels (DMCs) - including asymmetric channels with and without zeros in their transition matrix. We show that when output feedback is given to the encoder with a delay of T symbols, the error exponent is upper bounded by Esp(R-O((log T)/T ))+O((log T)/T ), where Esp denotes the sphere-packing exponent.
The Spherical Radial Function Network for reconstruction in medical robotics

The main goal of this work is to develop a geometric neural network which can be used as an interface between sensors and robot mechanisms. For this goal we have developed a new geometric network called Spherical Radial Basis Function Network using the conformal geometric algebra framework. The motivation to use circles or spheres as activation functions is due to the fact that the sphere is the computational unity of the conformal geometric algebra, as a result a Spherical Radial Basis Network can be advantageously used as interface between the sensor domain and the robotic mechanism so that all the computing can be done in the same mathematical framework. In fact, there will be no need to abandon the system for the interpolation or reconstruction using a network. This article presents the design principles and a comparison with a standard Radial Basis Function Network. Medical robotics is an interesting domain to apply our network for capturing data and reconstruct automatically the shape of a human organ.
Delay Reduction and Scheduling in Multihop Wireless Networks

In this paper, we analyze the delay performance of a multi-hop wireless network in which the routes between source-destination pairs are fixed. However, its delay performance may be quite poor even when the traffic load is not close to network capacity due to the following reason, each node has to maintain a separate queue for each commodity in the network, and only one queue is served at a time. We develop a new queue grouping technique to handle the complex correlations of the service process resulting from the multi-hop nature of the flows and their mutual sharing of the wireless medium. We propose a dual optimization based approach through back-pressure algorithm which the rate control problem and the scheduling problem can be decomposed.
Enhancing Lemmatization for Mongolian and its Application to Statistical Machine Translation

Lemmatization is crucial in natural language processing and information retrieval especially for highly inflected languages, such as Finnish and Mongolian. The state-of-the-art method of lemmatization for Mongolian does not need a noun dictionary and is scalable, but errors of this method are mainly caused by problems related to part of speech (POS) information. To resolve this problem, we integrate POS tagging and lemmatization for Mongolian. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method and its contribution to statistical machine translation.
Constructing efficient information extraction pipelines

Information Extraction (IE) pipelines analyze text through several stages. The pipeline's algorithms determine both its effectiveness and its run-time efficiency. In real-world tasks, however, IE pipelines often fail acceptable run-times because they analyze too much task-irrelevant text. This raises two interesting questions: 1) How much "efficiency potential" depends on the scheduling of a pipeline's algorithms? 2) Is it possible to devise a reliable method to construct efficient IE pipelines? Both questions are addressed in this paper. In particular, we show how to optimize the run-time efficiency of IE pipelines under a given set of algorithms. We evaluate pipelines for three algorithm sets on an industrially relevant task: the extraction of market forecasts from news articles. Using a system-independent measure, we demonstrate that efficiency gains of up to one order of magnitude are possible without compromising a pipeline's original effectiveness.
Variations in Identification of Healthcare-Associated Infections

Objective. Little is known about whether those performing healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance vary in their interpretations of HAI definitions developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). Our primary objective was to characterize variations in these interpretations using clinical vignettes. We also describe predictors of variation in responses. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. United States. Participants. A sample of US-based members of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network. Methods. Respondents assessed whether each of 6 clinical vignettes met criteria for an NHSN-defined HAI. Individual- and institutional-level data were also gathered. Results. Surveys were distributed to 143 SHEA Research Network members from 126 hospitals. In total, 113 responses were obtained, representing at least 61 unique hospitals (30 respondents did not identify a hospital); 79.2% (84 of 106 nonmissing responses) were infection preventionists, and 79.4% (81 of 102 nonmissing responses) worked at academic hospitals. Among the 6 vignettes, the proportion of respondents correctly characterizing the vignettes was as low as 27.3%. Combining all 6 vignettes, the mean percentage of correct responses was 61.1% (95% confidence interval, 57.7%–63.8%). Percentage of correct responses was associated with presence of a clinical background (ie, nursing or physician degrees) but not with hospital size or infection prevention and control department characteristics. Conclusions. Substantial heterogeneity exists in the application of HAI definitions in this survey of infection preventionists and hospital epidemiologists. Our data suggest a need to better clarify these definitions, especially when comparing HAI rates across institutions.
A Mechanically Adjustable Stiffness Actuator(MASA) of a robot for knee rehabilitation

This paper presents a Mechanically Adjustable Stiffness Actuator(MASA) for knee rehabilitation of stroke patients. The MASA is designed for safer and more effective physical human-robot interaction with patients in rehabilitation. The MASA consists of cantilever springs, a double-tripod parallel mechanism, and a torque limiter. Using the double-tripod parallel mechanism and two identical actuators, the effective length and the resting position of the cantilever springs are controlled independently. Changes of the effective length of the cantilever springs result in variation of the stiffness of the MASA. One end of each cantilever springs is attached to an axis via the torque limiter. When an external torque beyond the preset threshold is applied from and to the axis, the torque limiter is released so the axis rotates freely regardless of the position of the actuators. The MASA is used for a knee rehabilitation robot. Due to the springs and the torque limiter, physical safety of the patients is guaranteed in case of unexpected involuntary muscle activities (i.e. spasticity) during a therapy session. With changing stiffness of the MASA, the amount of assistance by the robot is possible to be adjusted.
Processing set expressions over continuous update streams

There is growing interest in algorithms for processing and querying continuous data streams (i.e., data that is seen only once in a fixed order) with limited memory resources. In its most general form, a data stream is actually an update stream, i.e., comprising data-item deletions as well as insertions. Such massive update streams arise naturally in several application domains (e.g., monitoring of large IP network installations, or processing of retail-chain transactions). Estimating the cardinality of set expressions defined over several (perhaps, distributed) update streams is perhaps one of the most fundamental query classes of interest; as an example, such a query may ask "what is the number of distinct IP source addresses seen in passing packets from both router R1 and R2 but not router R3? ". Earlier work has only addressed very restricted forms of this problem, focusing solely on the special case of insert-only streams and specific operators (e.g., union). In this paper, we propose the first space-efficient algorithmic solution for estimating the cardinality of full-fledged set expressions over general update streams. Our estimation algorithms are probabilistic in nature and rely on a novel, hash-based synopsis data structure, termed "2-level hash sketch". We demonstrate how our 2-level hash sketch synopses can be used to provide low-error, high-confidence estimates for the cardinality of set expressions (including operators such as set union, intersection, and difference) over continuous update streams, using only small space and small processing time per update. Furthermore, our estimators never require rescanning or resampling of past stream items, regardless of the number of deletions in the stream. We also present lower bounds for the problem, demonstrating that the space usage of our estimation algorithms is within small factors of the optimal. Preliminary experimental results verify the effectiveness of our approach.
Have Economic Models’ Forecasting Performance for US Output Growth and Inflation Changed Over Time, and When?

We evaluate various economic models’ relative performance in forecasting future US output growth and inflation on a monthly basis. Our approach takes into account the possibility that the models’ relative performance can be varying over time. We show that the models’ relative performance has, in fact, changed dramatically over time, both for revised and realtime data, and investigate possible factors that might explain such changes. In addition, this paper establishes two empirical stylized facts. Namely, most predictors for output growth lost their predictive ability in the mid-1970s, and became essentially useless in the last two decades. When forecasting inflation, instead, fewer predictors are significant, and their predictive ability significantly worsened around the time of the Great Moderation.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF AODV AND OLSR USING 802.11 A AND DSRC (802.11 P) PROTOCOLS IN URBAN VANETS

A Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a network formed purely among vehicles without presence of any communication infrastructure as base stations and/or access point. Frequent topological changes due to high mobility is one of the main issues in VANETs. In this paper we evaluate Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) routing protocols using 802.11a and 802.11p in a realistic urban scenario. For this comparison, we chose five performance metrics: Path Availability, Endto-End Delay, Number of Created Paths, Path Length and Path Duration. Simulation results show, that for most of the metrics evaluated, OLSR outperforms AODV when 802.11p and that 802.11p is more efficient in urban VANETs.
Chromogranins A and B are key proteins in amine accumulation, but the catecholamine secretory pathway is conserved without them

Chromogranins are the main soluble proteins in the large dense core secretory vesicles (LDCVs) found in aminergic neurons and chromaffin cells. We recently demonstrated that chromogranins A and B each regulate the concentration of adrenaline in chromaffin granules and its exocytosis. Here we have further studied the role played by these proteins by generating mice lacking both chromogranins. Surprisingly, these animals are both viable and fertile. Although chromogranins are thought to be essential for their biogenesis, LDCVs were evident in these mice. These vesicles do have a somewhat atypical appearance and larger size. Despite their increased size, single‐cell amperometry recordings from chromaffin cells showed that the amine content in these vesicles is reduced by half. These data demonstrate that although chromogranins regulate the amine concentration in LDCVs, they are not completely essential, and other proteins unrelated to neurosecretion, such as fibrinogen, might compensate for their loss to ensure that vesicles are generated and the secretory pathway conserved. —Díaz‐Vera, J., Camacho, M. , Machado, J. D. , Domínguez, N. , Montesinos, M. S. , Hernández‐Fernaud, J. R. , Luján, R. , Borges, R. Chromogranins A and B are key proteins in amine accumulation, but the catecholamine secretory pathway is conserved without them. FASEB J. 26, 430–438 (2012). www.fasebj. org
CompactMap: A mental map preserving visual interface for streaming text data

As text streams become increasingly available from social media such as Facebook and Twitter, visual analysis of streaming text data is playing an important role in most business sectors. A fundamental challenge in visualizing a large amount of streaming text data is to preserve the user's mental map to enable tracking dynamic changes in topics, while simultaneously utilizing the display space efficiently. In this paper, we present CompactMap, an online visual interface that packs text clusters efficiently, with stable updates to maintain the user's mental map. It achieves spatiotemporally coherent layouts by dynamically matching clusters across time, and removing cluster overlaps according to spatial proximity and constraints. We developed a visual search engine based on CompactMaps for exploring a large amount of text streams in details on demand. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a controlled user study compared with a competing method.
Bovine NK Cells Can Produce Gamma Interferon in Response to the Secreted Mycobacterial Proteins ESAT-6 and MPP14 but Not in Response to MPB70

ABSTRACT Bovine NK cells have recently been characterized and the present study describes the interaction between NK cells, antigen-presenting cells, and secreted mycobacterial proteins. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production by NK cells was seen in approximately 30% of noninfected calves in response to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex-specific protein ESAT-6, MPP14 from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and purified protein derivative (PPD) from M. tuberculosis. In contrast, no response was induced by MPB70, which is another M. tuberculosis complex-specific secreted antigen. The production of IFN-γ by NK cells in whole blood in response to ESAT-6 and MPP14 was demonstrated using intracellular staining together with surface labeling for the NK cell-specific receptor, NKp46, or CD3. Furthermore, the depletion of NK cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells completely abolished the IFN-γ production. The response was mediated through stimulation of adherent cells and was largely independent of contact between adherent cells and the NK cells. Neutralization of interleukin-12 only partly inhibited IFN-γ production, showing that other cytokines were also involved. The demonstration of NK cell-mediated IFN-γ production in young cattle provides an explanation for the nonspecific IFN-γ response frequently encountered in young cattle when using the IFN-γ test in diagnosis of mycobacterial infections.