Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functionally Convergent B Cell Receptor Sequences in Transgenic Rats Expressing a Human B Cell Repertoire in Response to Tetanus Toxoid and Measles Antigens

The identification and tracking of antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) sequences within total Ig repertoires is central to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) studies of infections or vaccinations. In this context, public Ig sequences shared by different individuals exposed to the same antigen could be valuable markers for tracing back infections, measuring vaccine immunogenicity, and perhaps ultimately allow the reconstruction of the immunological history of an individual. Here, we immunized groups of transgenic rats expressing human Ig against tetanus toxoid (TT), Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), measles virus hemagglutinin and fusion proteins expressed on MVA and the environmental carcinogen Benzo[a]Pyrene, coupled to TT. We showed that these antigens impose a selective pressure causing the Ig Heavy chain (IgH) repertoires of the rats to converge towards the expression of antibodies with highly similar IgH CDR3 amino acid sequences. We present a computational approach, similar to differential gene expression analysis, that selects for clusters of CDR3s with 80% similarity, significantly overrepresented within the different groups of immunized rats. These IgH clusters represent antigen-induced IgH signatures exhibiting stereotypic amino acid patterns including previously described TT and measles specific IgH sequences. Our data suggest, that with the presented methodology, transgenic Ig rats can be utilized as a model to identify antigen-induced, human IgH signatures to a variety of different antigens.
Survival and ultrastructure of gene-microinjected rabbit embryos after vitrification

Morphological signs of injury and subsequent regeneration following vitrification of either rabbit gene microinjected (Gene-Mi) or intact in vitro cultured embryos derived from in vivo fertilized eggs were evaluated by post-warming recovery in culture and analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The percentages of vitrified/warmed Gene-Mi embryos that reached the blastocyst stage (69%) and hatched (57%) did not differ significantly from those of intact embryos (78% and 56%, respectively). In contrast, in vitro development of embryos to the blastocyst stage among non-vitrified intact (96%) and Gene-Mi (90%) embryos compared with both the intact vitrified (78%) and Gene-Mi vitrified (69%) groups, as well as hatching rate (94%, 90% vs 56%, 57%, respectively) varied significantly (p<0.001). Observations by TEM showed that the vitrified/warmed intact or Gene-Mi embryos without post-culture displayed severe degenerative changes among their cells. During 24 h of culture a proportion of the embryos were able to regenerate and complete the compaction process. Nevertheless the signs of previous injury were retained, such as swollen cytoplasmic organelles and remaining cellular debris in the perivitelline space. These observations indicate that the procedure of gene Mi does not siginificantly compromise embryo tolerance to cryopreservation and post-warming developmental ability. Severe changes in embryo morphology, observed at the ultrastructural level, can be attributed to a direct influence of the vitrification process rather than to the Mi procedure itself.
Management accounting in the new economy: from “tangible and production‐focused” to “intangible and knowledge‐driven” MAS by integrating BSC and IC

This paper is focused on studying homogenous structure for tangible and intangible measurement systems. The aim is (1) to develop a conceptual homegenous structure for the combined tangible and intangible measurement and management system, (2) to present the connection between tangible and intangible measurement and management systems (3) to discuss the benefit of a developed system. The literature on intellectual capital (IC) advocates the use of an IC measurement system and stresses the importance of strategic planning and development. This paper describes how the structure of BSC can beutilized for both tangible and intangible measurement systems. The paper also illustrates the link between tangible and intangible systems. From the prior research a conceptual framework for the BSC‐based IC with causalities between perspectives is presented in the paper and used in the developed system. The paper is a conceptual analysis and provides a new innovative model for empirical testing.
Prevention of pain during injection of microemulsion propofol: application of lidocaine mixture and the optimal dose of lidocaine

Background Similar to lipid emulsion propofol, microemulsion propofol also causes a high incidence of pain during intravenous injection. Various methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of pain on injection of lipid emulsion propofol. In this study, we investigated the effect of a lidocaine mixture on pain induced by microemulsion propofol injection, and sought to determine the optimal dose of lidocaine that could reduce pain on injecting a propofol-lidocaine mixture. Methods One hundred sixty (n = 160) patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status class I or II were randomly allocated to four groups: Group A, control; Group B, 20 mg lidocaine; Group C, 30 mg lidocaine; Group D, 40 mg lidocaine. In each patient, pain on microemulsion propofol solution injection was graded as none, mild, moderate, or severe. Results The incidence of pain in groups A, B, C, and D was 97.5%, 80%, 65%, and 50%, respectively. Increasing the lidocaine dose significantly reduced pain (P < 0.05). One patient in Group D (2.5%) had moderate to severe pain, which was significantly lower than groups B (42.5%) and C (32.5%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions The lidocaine and propofol mixture is effective in alleviating pain associated with microemulsion propofol injection. Within this dose range and in this patients population, increasing lidocaine dosage significantly reduced pain during injection of microemulsion propofol.
Universities and Fundamental Research: Reflections on the Growth of University–Industry Partnerships

The recent rise in university-industry partnerships has stimulated an important public policy debate regarding how these relationships affect fundamental research. In this paper, we examine the antecedents and consequences of policies to promote university-industry alliances. Although the preliminary evidence appears to suggest that these partnerships have not had a deleterious effect on the quantity and quality of basic research, some legitimate concerns have been raised about these activities that require additional analysis. We conclude that additional research is needed to provide a more accurate assessment of the optimal level of commercialisation.
Radiotherapy and adjuvant trastuzumab in operable breast cancer: tolerability and adverse event data from the NCCTG Phase III Trial N9831.

PURPOSE To assess whether trastuzumab (H) with radiotherapy (RT) increases adverse events (AEs) after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with early-stage resected human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) -positive breast cancer (BC) were randomly assigned to doxorubicin (A) and cyclophosphamide (C), followed by weekly paclitaxel (T; AC-T-H or AC-TH-H). RT criteria (with or without nodal RT) were postlumpectomy breast or (optional) postmastectomy chest wall. RT of internal mammary nodes was prohibited. RT commenced within 5 weeks after T, concurrently with H. Analysis included 1,503 irradiated patients for RT-associated AEs across treatment arms. Rates of cardiac events (CEs) with and without RT were compared within arms. RESULTS No significant differences among arms were found in incidence of acute skin reaction, pneumonitis, dyspnea, cough, dysphagia, or neutropenia. A significant difference occurred in incidence of leukopenia, with higher rates for AC-T-H versus AC-T (odds ratio = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.88). At a median follow-up of 3.7 years (range, 0 to 6.5 years), RT with H did not increase relative frequency of CEs regardless of treatment side. The cumulative incidence of CEs with AC-T-H was 2.7% with or without RT. With AC-TH-H, the cumulative incidence was 1.7% v 5.9% with or without RT, respectively. CONCLUSION Concurrent adjuvant RT and H for early-stage BC was not associated with increased acute AEs. Further follow-up is required to assess late AEs.
Growth and Development From an Evolutionary Perspective

List of Figures. List of Tables. Preface.Part I: Introduction:1. Growth and Development: An Overview.Part II: Agrarianism and Dualism:2. From Closed and Open Agrarianism to Modern Dualism.3. Development of the Closed Dualistic Economy: A Bird's Eye View.Part III: The Analytics of Growth and Development:4. The Neoclassical Production Function, Growth and Development.5. A General Analysis of Growth Systems.6. Applications to Modern Economic Growth.Part IV: Applications to Growth and Development under Dualism:7. Transition Growth in the Closed Dualistic Economy.8. Transition Growth under Open Dualism.9. Growth, Equity, and Human Development.Part V: Conclusions for Policy:10. Policy and Political Economy in the Transition to Modern Economic Growth.Bibliography. Index.
Marriage Markets, Labor Markets, and Unobserved Human Capital: An Empirical Exploration for South-Central India

Some aspects of the linkage between dimensions of unobserved human capital that are rewarded in the marriage market and in the wage market are explored. It is postulated that in rural south-central India the schooling age and dowry of a mans wife are determined by the mans observed characteristics (schooling caste) and those of his parents (parental wealth parental occupation) and dimensions of his unobserved (by the researcher) human capital. The theoretical model consisted of two sets of equations the first describing the determination of the wifes characteristics through the marriage market and the second the determination of the mans wage and wage growth and his participation in the wage market. The data were part of the Village-Level Studies (VLS) conducted in rural semiarid south India. A total of 120 households from 3 villages were surveyed continuously over the period 1975-76 to 1984-85. Detailed information was obtained on farm management income consumption time allocation and asset ownership. The mans schooling had a significant effect on his wifes schooling and on her age. The characteristics of the mans parental household had a significant effect on each of the 3 observed characteristics of his wife. The year of marriage significantly increased the wifes schooling (by 0.08 year per year) the net dowry (1.2% per year) and the wifes age at marriage (by 0.24 years per year). Schooling had a significant impact on a mans participation in the wage market and on wage growth. A mans unobserved human capital generally had a significant and positive effect on his wage rate and wage growth though a negative effect on participation in the wage market. Some important dimensions of human capital beyond schooling had important effects in both marriage and labor markets. Potential brides and parents presumably value such characteristics because they increase the expected earning power of potential husbands.
A Case Study of Second-Career Alternatively Certified Science Teachers: What Research and Educational Experiences and Understanding of Nature of Science Do They Bring to Classroom Practices?

This multiple case study examined second-career lateral entry middle school science teachers to see what research and educational experiences and understanding of nature of science they bring to their classroom practices. I examined four alternatively certified, second-career middle school science teachers in a large urban southeastern school district. I found in this study that these teachers understanding of nature of science as displayed through their classroom practices was impacted by their scientific research experiences and exposure to direct instruction of nature of science (NOS). This study determined each participants understanding of nature of science through the Views of Nature of Science (VNOS) B Test and found out how they acquired their NOS through a background questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. I observed each classroom to determine if these teachers were implementing NOS classroom practices. This study had mixed results and found that two of the four teachers were more informed about the NOS and demonstrated these practices in their classrooms. This study explains how these teachers acquired their NOS and what practices they demonstrated in their classroom.
Audit Partner Specialization and Audit Fees: Some Evidence from Sweden

Utilizing a dataset on the client portfolios of the Big 4 audit partners in Sweden, this study examines auditor specialization and pricing at the individual partner level. Consistent with the view that there are returns on investing in specialization, the analysis of audit fees indicates that both audit partner industry specialization, and specialization in large public companies, are recognized and valued by financial statement users and/or by corporate insiders, resulting in higher fees within these engagements. The highest fees are earned by engagement partners who are both industry and public firm specialists. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that part of an auditor’s deep expertise is not transferable across audit partners within an audit firm but is instead inseparably tied to the individual audit partner’s private human capital.
Lack of support structures in prioritization decision making concerning patients and resources. Interviews with Swedish physicians

Aim: To investigate physicians’ experiences in relation to prioritization and financing in health care in order to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons behind their standpoints. Methods: Eighteen physicians, seven women and eleven men, aged 30 to 69 years were interviewed and the text was analyzed using an inductive approach, also described as conventional qualitative content analysis. Results: Experience of setting healthcare priorities and difficult decision making differed widely among the physicians and seemed to be related to the number of years in professional practice. Their view of how resources should be allocated between disciplines/patients showed that they wanted politicians to make the decisions, with support from medical professions. The overwhelming impression of their reasoning showed that they lacked support structures for their decision making and could be understood under the following categories: Prioritisation, easier in theory than in practice, and Increasing costs threaten the Swedish welfare model. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the importance of practical national guidelines concerning vertical prioritization, also as an important measure to make prioritization more distinct and transparent. The physicians further had a need for tools to increase patients’ awareness of their health. The findings of this study also showed that an awareness of the actual costs involved might increase the responsibility among both physicians and patients. The physicians’ lack of support structures implies an urgent need for practical national guidelines, especially concerning vertical prioritization. This will also make prioritization appear clear and transparent for citizens.
A Region Covariances-based Visual Attention Model for RGB-D Images

Existing computational models of visual attention generally employ simple image features such as color, intensity or orientation to generate a saliency map which highlights the image parts that attract human attention. Interestingly, most of these models do not process any depth information and operate only on standard two-dimensional RGB images. On the other hand, depth processing through stereo vision is a key characteristics of the human visual system. In line with this observation, in this study, we propose to extend two state-of-the-art static saliency models that depend on region covariances to process additional depth information available in RGB-D images. We evaluate our proposed models on NUS-3D benchmark dataset by taking into account different evaluation metrics. Our results reveal that using the additional depth information improves the saliency prediction in a statistically significant manner, giving more accurate saliency maps.
DERIVATIVE ASSET PRICING WITH TRANSACTION COSTS

In the modern theory of finance, the valuation of derivative assets is commonly based on a replication argument. When there are transaction costs, this argument is no longer valid. In this paper, we try to address the general problem of finding the optimal portfolio among those which dominate a given derivative asset at maturity. We derive an interval for its price. the upper bound is the minimum amount one has to invest initially in order to obtain proceeds at least as valuable as the derivative asset. the lower bound is the maximum amount one can borrow initially against the proceeds of the derivative asset. We show that, in some instances, this interval may be strictly bounded above by the price of the replicating strategy. Prima facie, the cost of a dominating strategy should appear to be higher than that of the replicating one. But because trading is costly, it may pay to weigh the benefits of replication against those of potential savings on transaction costs.
Pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland: case report.

Lacrimal gland tumours are rare. We present a case of a lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma in a 19-year-old man. The tumour was removed and he has made an uncomplicated recovery, with no sign of recurrence after nine months of follow-up. We will keep him under long-term review.
The Effects of Surface Detail on Object Categorization and Naming

Three experiments are reported examining the effects of surface colour and brightness/texture gradients (photographic detail) on object classification and naming. Objects were drawn from classes with either structurally similar or structurally dissimilar exemplars. In Experiment 1a, object naming was facilitated by both congruent surface colour and photographic detail, with the effects of these two variables combining under-additively. In addition incongruent colour disrupted naming accuracy. These effects tended to be larger on objects from structurally similar classes than on objects from structurally dissimilar classes. Experiment 1b examined superordinate classification. There were again advantages due to congruent colour and photographic detail on responses to objects from both structurally similar and structurally dissimilar classes. Incongruent colour disrupted classification accuracy on structurally distinct but not structurally similar items. For structurally similar items, the advantages of congruent surface attributes on classification were smaller than on naming, but this was not the case for structurally dissimilar items. Experiment 2 examined subordinate classification of structurally similar objects. Now effects of congruent and incongruent colour, but not of photographic detail, were found. Experiment 3 showed that congruent and incongruent colour effects occur only when the colours occupy the internal surfaces of objects. The results suggest that surface details can affect object recognition and naming, depending upon: (1) the degree to which objects must be differentiated for a correct response to be made, and (2) the nature of the rate-limiting process determining performance.
Rotavirus Anti-VP6 Secretory Immunoglobulin A Contributes to Protection via Intracellular Neutralization but Not via Immune Exclusion

ABSTRACT Immunoglobulin A (IgA) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed at the conserved inner core protein VP6 of rotavirus, such as the IgA7D9 MAb, provide protective immunity in adult and suckling mice when delivered systemically. While these antibodies do not have traditional in vitro neutralizing activity, they could mediate their antiviral activity either by interfering with the viral replication cycle along the IgA secretory pathway or by acting at mucosal surfaces as secretory IgA and excluding virus from target enterocytes. We sought to determine the critical step at which antirotaviral activity was initiated by the IgA7D9 MAb. The IgA7D9 MAb appeared to directly interact with purified triple-layer viral particles, as shown by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. However, protection was not conferred by passively feeding mice with the secretory IgA7D9 MAb. This indicates that the secretory IgA7D9 MAb does not confer protection by supplying immune exclusion activity in vivo. We next evaluated the capacity of polymeric IgA7D9 MAb to neutralize rotavirus intracellularly during transcytosis. We found that when polymeric IgA7D9 MAb was applied to the basolateral pole of polarized Caco-2 intestinal cells, it significantly reduced viral replication and prevented the loss of barrier function induced by apical exposure of the cell monolayer to rotavirus, supporting the conclusion that the antibody carries out its antiviral activity intracellularly. These findings identify a mechanism whereby the well-conserved immunodominant VP6 protein can function as a target for heterotypic antibodies and protective immunity.
How Does Introduction of Strategic Job in Four and Five Star Hotels Affect Organisational Commitment and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour: A Theoretical Framework

The objective of the study is to discuss HR practices system variation within the hotel industry related to the identification of strategic jobs, and how this influences employees' work attitudes. The context for this research is four and five star hotels in Malaysia. This paper provides an integrated framework and five research issues relating the concepts of the HR practices system, strategic and supporting jobs, affective organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour. With efficient utilisation of internal resources and effective allocation of human capital investment while ensuring positive job behavioural outcomes, the theoretical framework is useful in improving the effectiveness of HR practices system and may serve as a guide to practitioners. This study contributes to SHRM theory through closer examination of the strategic job concept and investigation of applying more than one HR practices system in an establishment on employees' behaviour.
Role of the HR environment on talent growth: an empirical study of industrial clusters in China

Purpose – In order to reveal why there are favorable growing environments in industrial clusters (IC), the author examines the effects of the HR environment on talent growth from five aspects: industrial clusters economy (ICE), industrial clusters HR policy (ICHRP), industrial clusters living setting (ICLS), industrial clusters culture (ICC) and industrial clusters HR management (ICHRM). Design/methodology/approach – The sample for this study came from four IC in China. Exploratory factor analysis and SEM analyses were conducted to analyze data.Findings – It proved that: the economy of ICE has a positive direct impact on the talent growth in the clusters; ICHRP has a positive direct impact on talent growth in the clusters; ICC does not have a direct impact on talent growth in the clusters; ICLS has a positive direct impact on talent growth in the clusters; the HRM of companies in IC has a positive direct impact on talent growth in the clusters; the culture and ICHRP has a positive direct impact on the HRM .