Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ecological assessment of emotional enhancement of memory in progressive nonfluent aphasia and Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND Events which are imbued with emotion are typically remembered vividly and with more confidence than similar non-emotional events. The extent that emotional enhancement of memory is compromised in neurodegenerative disorders is unclear, despite differential effects of dementia on emotion processing ability. OBJECTIVE To examine emotional enhancement of memory using an ecologically valid task in progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), an expressive language subtype of frontotemporal dementia, in comparison to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and matched-controls. METHODS Twenty-five dementia patients (13 PNFA, 12 AD) and 10 controls viewed either an emotionally arousing or a closely matched non-emotional story. Multiple-choice recognition memory was tested after a 1-hour delay. The alternate story was presented two weeks later. RESULTS PNFA showed a similar level of memory for the emotional and neutral story, whereas both controls and AD remembered significantly more details from the emotional than the neutral story. Correlation analyses indicated that in PNFA, emotional story memory correlated with reduced emotion recognition, whereas in AD, neutral story memory correlated with visual recall memory performance only. Furthermore, in PNFA, reduced emotional memory enhancement was associated with increased carer stress and depression. CONCLUSION Emotional memory enhancement is absent in PNFA, whereas emotion facilitates memory for real-life events in AD. Disrupted emotional memory enhancement in PNFA is associated with reduced emotion recognition ability, suggesting that widespread emotion processing dysfunction is present in this disease. Crucially, loss of emotional enhancement influences carer wellbeing, which represents an important avenue for future studies to examine.
Problem Konsep Monoteisme dalam Agama-Agama Semit

Is there similarities between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? If there, where is the similarity? And if so, why they are not be united, would not it be more powerful and far reaching if they are united? Then how about the position and posture or attitude of these religions on the issue of monotheism, while the pluralists use it as a means to spread understanding of religious pluralism? The pluralists are also using the issue to gain legalization that Judaism, Christianity and Islam is actually same in the concept of God, the same God worshiped single or monotheist. It’s mean, the three religions in essence no significant differences. So that it can together accept the truth of the concept of God of each religion without blame. This simple paper will examine that issue with a few critical questions. The critical questions aiming to find an obvious point, it is true the assumption that the three Semitic religions are monotheistic and can be united under the shelter of monotheism. At the end of this article will be explained how the position of three religions toward monotheistic.
Blended inquiry with hands-on and virtual laboratories: the role of perceptual features during knowledge construction

This study examined the characteristics of virtual and hands-on inquiry environments for the development of blended learning in a popular domain of bio-nanotechnology: the separation of different-sized DNA fragments using gel-electrophoresis, also known as DNA-fingerprinting. Since the latest scientific developments in nano- and micro-scale tools are based on molecular movement in electric fields, gel electrophoresis is an excellent model for learning-related concepts and processes. This study employed two environments (a 2D virtual laboratory (VRL) and a hands-on laboratory (HOL)) and documented the benefit of using VRLs to ground students' knowledge construction, before more complex, hands-on investigation. A comparative analysis explored how the perceptual features of the two learning environments supported students in designing experiments, evaluating data from experimental trials and reasoning for the mechanisms by which these data came about. The findings provide evidence for the design of blended inquiry-learning environments that integrate virtual and hands-on laboratories.
Traffic sign detection based on voting scheme and link distribution model

In this study, we propose a novel shape-based traffic sign detection method which consists of two stages. First, a rotational symmetry voting scheme is proposed to detect the centers and boundary sets of the candidate polygons in the image. Second, a Link Distribution (LD) model, which considers a polygon as the collection of links between center and boundary points, is proposed to refine the detection results and classify the polygons into the specific categories. We learn the LD models of triangle, diamond, octagon and circle using training samples. The candidate center and boundary points introduced by the voting scheme are matched with all the four types of the LD models. The order of the links remains invariant even under deformation; therefore, the LD model can detect polygons with shape deformation and partial occlusion. Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms several existing road sign detection methods with higher precision, better generality and real-time capability when evaluated using the public dataset.
Comparison of three models of actigraph accelerometers during free living and controlled laboratory conditions

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the outputs of three commonly used uniaxial Actigraph models (Actitrainer, 7164 and GT1M) under both free-living and controlled laboratory conditions. Ten adults (mean age = 24.7±1.1 years) wore the three Actigraph models simultaneously during one of day free-living and during a progressive exercise protocol on a treadmill at speeds between 1.5 and 5.5 miles per hour (mph). During free-living the three Actigraph models produced comparable outputs in moderate, vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with effect sizes typically <0.2, but lower comparability was seen in sedentary and light categories, as well as in total step counts (effect sizes often >0.30). In controlled conditions, acceptable comparability between the three models was seen at all treadmill speeds, the exception being walking at 1.5 mph (mean effect size = 0.48). It is concluded that care should be taken if different Actigraph models are to be used to measure and compare light physical activity, step counts and walking at very low speeds. However, using any of these three different Actigraph models to measure and compare levels of MVPA in free-living adults seems appropriate.
The Complementary Role of Exports and R&D Investments as Sources of Productivity Growth

This paper examines two potential channels of knowledge acquisition that underlie firm productivity growth in the Taiwanese electronics industry: participation in the export market and investments in R&D and/or worker training. We focus on the argument that a firm's own investments in R&D are necessary for the firm to assimilate knowledge or expertise gained from foreign contacts and thus are an important component of the process of learning-by-exporting. Firm-level panel data from 1986, 1991, and 1996 is used to investigate a firm's decision to invest in these two activities and to assess the effects of these investments on the firm's future total factor productivity. The empirical model consists of four equations. The firm's decisions to export and invest in R&D and/or worker training are modeled with a bivariate probit model that recognizes the interdependence of the decisions. We then estimate how participation in these investment activities alters the firm's future productivity trajectory while controlling for the potential selection bias introduced by endogenous firm exit. The primary empirical findings are that, on average, firms that export but do not invest in R&D and/or worker training have significantly higher future productivity than firms that do not participate in either activity. In addition, firms that export and invest in R&D and/or worker training have significantly higher future productivity than firms that only export. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that export experience is an important source of productivity growth for Taiwanese firms and that firm investments in R&D and worker training facilitate their ability to benefit from their exposure to the export market.
A novel Selective Multiuser Diversity algorithm for Nakagami fading channels

In this paper an improved extension of the Selective Multiuser Diversity (SMUD) scheme is analyzed considering as well as the SNR thresholds, the non-fade duration of the users, i.e. the time that they are able to receive packets in a much more reliable manner. We show that this new approach is optimal in the sense that it yields full spectral efficiency gain with minimal feedback load and low complexity in comparison to other well known techniques.
Impact of a high-performance communication network on cluster-based parallel iterative reconstruction

Assuming balanced computation, the scalability of an iterative reconstruction algorithm on a cluster computer will be determined by the tradeoff between shorter computation times on larger clusters versus longer communication times. To investigate the impact of improving communication performance, we assembled a cluster equipped with dual communication networks: Gigabit Ethernet and PCI-X Infiniband. The cluster consisted of 8 compute nodes and one fileserver node; each node had dual 3.6 GHz Intel Xeon processors and the two dual-ported communication networks. For image synchronization alone, PCI-X Infiniband was 3.8 times faster than Gigabit Ethernet. We benchmarked two parallel OSEM-3D reconstruction algorithms representing a range of image and sinogram sizes, for both a brain-only scanner (HRRT) and a whole-body scanner (HIREZ). In every case PCI-X Infiniband provided significantly superior reconstruction performance at all cluster sizes, and in all cases but one extended the range of cluster sizes over which we observed performance improvements.
Covering and Uncovering Equivalent Mutants

Mutation testing measures the adequacy of a test suite by seeding artificial defects (mutations) into a program. If a test suite fails to detect a mutation, it may also fail to detect real defects—and hence should be improved. However, there are also mutations that keep the program semantics unchanged and thus cannot be detected by any test suite. Such equivalent mutants must be weeded out manually, which is a tedious task. In this paper, we examine whether changes in coverage can be used to detect non‐equivalent mutants: If a mutant changes the coverage of a run, it is more likely to be non‐equivalent. In a sample of 140 manually classified mutations of seven Java programs with 5000 to 100 000 lines of code, we found that (i) the problem is serious and widespread—about 45% of all undetected mutants turned out to be equivalent; (ii) manual classification takes time—about 15 min per mutation; (iii) coverage is a simple, efficient and effective means to identify equivalent mutants—with a classification precision of 75% and a recall of 56%; and (iv) coverage as an equivalence detector is superior to the state of the art, in particular violations of dynamic invariants. Our detectors have been released as part of the open‐source JAVALANCHE framework; the data set is publicly available for replication and extension of experiments. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Compressed Sampling to overcome big data issues in synchrophasors

The issues regarding a huge quantum of measurement data to the Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) at a very fast rate due to the installation of multi-channel PMUs in the power sector deserves significant attention from the utility and operators point of view. PMUs usually have a high reporting rate of 50 frames per second. The number of phasor parameters that can be send to the control centers are limited due to the limited bandwidth of the communication channels. The The sub-synchronous oscillations that have frequencies close to the fundamental frequency and higher order harmonics in the grid cannot be analyzed using the present bandwidth of the communication channels. This paper investigates the application of Compressed Sampling (CS) in the facet of high data reporting for the PMUs. The study proves the suitability of compressed sampling technique which yields an improvement in the number of phasor measurements reported and a considerable reduction in the frame size through the communication channel and also on the amount of frequency information transmitted.
Notes on French and English Demonstratives

English sentences such as: (1) John appreciates that book. (2) John appreciates this book. can both be translated into French as: (3) Jean apprécie ce livre. (‘Jean appreciates ce book’) so that ce seems neutral between that and this. To express the English distinction, French adds -là or ci: (4) Jean apprécie ce livre-là. (‘Jean appreciates ce book-there’) (5) Jean apprécie ce livre-ci. (‘Jean appreciates ce book-here’) in a way that recalls in part non-standard English: (6) John is reading that there book. (7) John is reading this here book. with (6) akin to (4) and with (7) akin to (5). The difference in word order, whereby English has there/here prenominal in (6)/(7) and French has là/-ci postnominal in (4)/(5), was analyzed by Bernstein (1997) in terms of a movement operation that in French moves the noun to the left of -là/-ci, starting from an English-like order, in a way that recalls the difference between French and English adjective position, as in Cinque (2005; to appear). English allows that and this to occur without any visible noun present, as in: (8) John appreciates that. (9) John appreciates this. We take these to involve a silent noun THING (capitals will be used to indicate non-pronunciation), i.e. such examples are to be understood as:1 (10) . that THING (11) . this THING the idea being that demonstratives invariably require the presence of a noun (whether silent or pronounced) and that THING is appropriate for these cases. Of interest is the fact that the closest French counterparts of (8) and (9) are:2 (12) Jean apprécie cela. (13) Jean apprécie ceci. in which the -là and -ci of (4)/(5) (though orthographically lacking their hyphen and accent) must appear. It is natural to think that, as in (8) and (9), French (12) and (13) contain THING. : (14) . ce THING là (15) . ce THING ci Of special interest is the fact that ce by itself, i.e. without either -là or -ci, is not possible here: (16) *Jean apprécie ce. unless a relative clause is added:3 ------------------------------------
Hepatitis C virus NS3 and simian virus 40 T antigen helicases displace streptavidin from 5'-biotinylated oligonucleotides but not from 3'-biotinylated oligonucleotides: evidence for directional bias in translocation on single-stranded DNA.

Helicases are enzymes that use energy from nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis to unwind double-stranded (ds) DNA, a process vital to virtually every phase of DNA metabolism. Helicases have been classified as either 5'-to-3' or 3'-to-5' on the basis of their ability to unwind duplex DNA adjacent to either a 5' or 3' single-stranded (ss) DNA overhang. However, there has been debate as to whether this substrate preference is indicative of unidirectional translocation on ssDNA. We developed an assay that monitors the ability of a helicase to displace streptavidin from biotinylated oligonucleotides [Morris, P. D. , and Raney, K. D. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 5164-5171]. Two helicases identified as having 5'-to-3' polarity displaced streptavidin from the 3'-end of biotinylated oligonucleotides but not from the 5'-end. We performed similar experiments using the 3'-to-5' helicases from the hepatitis C virus (NS3) and SV40 virus (SV40 T antigen). NS3 and SV40 T antigen were able to displace streptavidin from a 5'-biotinylated oligonucleotide but not from a 3'-biotinylated oligonucleotide. NS3 and SV40 T antigen enhanced the spontaneous rate of dissociation of streptavidin from biotin 340-fold and 1700-fold, respectively. The ssDNA binding protein, gp32, did not enhance dissociation of streptavidin from either end of an oligonucleotide. For NS3, the rate of displacement was faster from a 5'-biotinylated 60mer than from a 5'-biotinylated 30mer. The strong directional bias in streptavidin displacement activity exhibited by each helicase is consistent with a directional bias in translocation on ssDNA. The dependence of the reaction with NS3 on the oligonucleotide length suggests that multiple NS3 monomers are necessary for optimal activity.
In-Situ Gelling Ophthalmic Formulations for Sustained Release and Enhanced Ocular Delivery of Fluconazole

The present work describes the formulation and evaluation of ophthalmic delivery systems of the effective anti-fungal fluconazole (FLZ) based on the concept of temperature triggered in situ gelation using poloxamer 407 (P407) and ion-activated in-situ gelation employing sodium alginate (ALG) in purpose of easy eye instillation as drops that form gels in the eye providing sustained drug release, prolonged eye contact, and improved ocular delivery. Plain in-situ gelling ophthalmic formulations were prepared using different concentrations of the utilized polymers to optimize the gelling capacity. FLZ formulations with good gelling capacity were evaluated with regard to their viscosity, pH, uniformity of drug content, in-vitro release, and stability for 6 months at different temperatures. The optimized formula that provided sustained release and highest shelf life was then assessed with respect to its ocular bioavailability. All formulations possessed pH and viscosity values that are compatible with the eye and have uniform drug contents that complied with the US Pharmacopeial (USP) official requirement. In-vitro release data of ophthalmic formulations indicated a sustained release without any burst effect and non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. The optimized in-situ gel based on P407 (15% w/v) and HPMC (2% w/v) significantly improved FLZ ocular bioavailability in rabbits eyes compared to FLZ solution as a control. The in-situ gelling system based on P407 (15% w/v) and HPMC (2% w/v) may be represented as a potential drug delivery system of FLZ with sustained release and enhanced ocular delivery.
Functional Roles of Conserved Amino Acid Residues in DNA Methyltransferases Investigated by Site-directed Mutagenesis of theEcoRV Adenine-N 6-methyltransferase*

All DNA methyltransferases (MTases) have similar catalytic domains containing nine blocks of conserved amino acid residues. We have investigated by site-directed mutagenesis the function of 17 conserved residues in the EcoRV α-adenine-N 6-DNA methyltransferase. The structure of this class of MTases has been predicted recently. The variants were characterized with respect to their catalytic activities and their abilities to bind to DNA and theS-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) cofactor. Amino acids located in motifs X, I, and II are shown to be involved in AdoMet binding (Lys16, Glu37, Phe39, and Asp58). Some of the mutants defective in AdoMet binding are also impaired in DNA binding, suggesting allosteric interactions between the AdoMet and DNA binding site. Asp78 (motif III), which was supposed to form a hydrogen bond to the AdoMet on the basis of the structure predictions, turned out not to be important for AdoMet binding, suggesting that motif III has not been identified correctly. R128A and N130A, having mutations in the putative DNA binding domain, are unable to bind to DNA. Residues located in motifs IV, V, VI, and VIII are involved in catalysis (Asp193, Tyr196, Asp211, Ser229, Trp231, and Tyr258), some of them presumably in binding the flipped target base, because mutations at these residues fail to significantly interfere with DNA and AdoMet binding but strongly reduce catalysis. Our results are in substantial agreement with the structure prediction for EcoRV α-adenine-N 6-methyltransferase and x-ray structures of other MTases.
Deformation in the lowermost mantle beneath Australia from observations and models of seismic anisotropy

Observations of seismic anisotropy near the core‐mantle boundary may yield constraints on patterns of lowermost mantle flow. We examine seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle beneath Australia, bounded by the African and Pacific Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces. We combined measurements of differential splitting of SKS‐SKKS and S‐ScS phases sampling our study region over a range of azimuths, using data from 10 long‐running seismic stations. Observations reveal complex and laterally heterogeneous anisotropy in the lowermost mantle. We identified two subregions for which we have robust measurements of D″‐associated splitting for a range of ray propagation directions and applied a forward modeling strategy to understand which anisotropic scenarios are consistent with the observations. We tested a variety of elastic tensors and orientations, including single‐crystal elasticity of lowermost mantle minerals (bridgmanite, postperovskite, and ferropericlase), tensors based on texture modeling in postperovskite aggregates, elasticity predicted from deformation experiments on polycrystalline MgO aggregates, and tensors that approximate the shape preferred orientation of partial melt. We find that postperovskite scenarios are more consistently able to reproduce the observations. Beneath New Zealand, the observations suggest a nearly horizontal [100] axis orientation with an azimuth that agrees well with the horizontal flow direction predicted by previous mantle flow models. Our modeling results further suggest that dominant slip on the (010) plane in postperovskite aggregates provides a good fit to the data but the solution is nonunique. Our results have implications for the mechanisms of deformation and anisotropy in the lowermost mantle and for the patterns of mantle flow.
Numerical Survey of the Different Shapes of Human Chin

Abstract Experimental results are reported for the numerical quantities of the different shapes of human chin where, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this approach has never been applied. The results are based on 3143 pictures of chins taken from the Internet of which 1328 were of women and 1815 of men. The author has succeeded to classify all the chins into 3 shapes: the cleft chin for men only, 2.23% of the total; the double chin, 15.69% = 14.0% + 1.69%; and the normal chin, 82.09% = 41.52% + 40.57%, where the first number is for men and the second for women.
The Epidemiology of Trauma, PTSD, and Other Posttrauma Disorders

Epidemiologic studies have reported that the majority of community residents in the United States have experienced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)—level traumatic events, as defined in the DSM-IV. Only a small subset of trauma victims develops PTSD (<10%). Increased incidence of other disorders following trauma exposure occurs primarily among trauma victims with PTSD. Female victims of traumatic events are at higher risk for PTSD than male victims are. Direct evidence on the causes of the sex difference in the conditional risk of PTSD is unavailable. The available evidence suggests that the sex difference is not due to (a) the higher occurrence of sexual assault among females, (b) prior traumatic experiences, (c) preexisting depression or anxiety disorder, or (d) sex-related bias in reporting. Observed sex differences in anxiety, neuroticism, and depression, inducing effects of stressful experiences, might provide a theoretical context for further inquiry into the greater vulnerability of females to PTSD.