Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Information-Theoretic Route from Generalization in Expectation to Generalization in Probability

One fundamental goal in any learning algorithm is to mitigate its risk for overfitting. Mathematically, this requires that the learning algorithm enjoys a small generalization risk, which is defined either in expectation or in probability. Both types of generalization are commonly used in the literature. For instance, generalization in expectation has been used to analyze algorithms, such as ridge regression and SGD, whereas generalization in probability is used in the VC theory, among others. Recently, a third notion of generalization has been studied, called uniform generalization, which requires that the generalization risk vanishes uniformly in expectation across all bounded parametric losses. It has been shown that uniform generalization is, in fact, equivalent to an information-theoretic stability constraint, and that it recovers classical results in learning theory. It is achievable under various settings, such as sample compression schemes, finite hypothesis spaces, finite domains, and differential privacy. However, the relationship between uniform generalization and concentration remained unknown. In this paper, we answer this question by proving that, while a generalization in expectation does not imply a generalization in probability, a uniform generalization in expectation does imply concentration. We establish a chain rule for the uniform generalization risk of the composition of hypotheses and use it to derive a large deviation bound. Finally, we prove that the bound is tight. Proceedings of the 20 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 2017, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. JMLR: W&CP volume 54. Copyright 2017 by the author(s).
Blocking Based Approach for Classification Rule Hiding to Preserve the Privacy in Database

Now-a-days it is common to share data between two organizations in many application areas. When data are to be shared between parties, there could be some sensitive patterns which should not be disclosed to the other parties. We address such the problem of sensitive classification rule hiding. We propose a blocking based approach for sensitive classification rule hiding. First we find the supporting transactions of sensitive rules. Then we replace known values with unknown values ("? ") in those transactions to hide a given sensitive classification rule. Finally the sanitized dataset is generated from which sensitive classification rules are no longer mined. We also discuss experimental results of our algorithm.
Reusable and Extensible Fault Tolerance for RESTful Applications

Despite the simplicity and scalability benefits of REST, rendering RESTful web applications fault-tolerant requires that the programmer write vast amounts of non-trivial, ad-hoc code. Network volatility, HTTP server errors, service outages-all require custom fault handling code, whose effective implementation requires considerable programming expertise and effort. To provide a systematic and principled approach to handling faults in RESTful applications, we present FT-REST-an architectural framework for specifying fault tolerance functionality declaratively and then translating these specifications into platform-specific code. FT-REST encapsulates fault tolerance strategies in XML-based specifications and compiles them to modules that reify the requisite fault tolerance. To validate our approach, we have applied FT-REST to enhance several realistic RESTful applications to withstand the faults described in their FT-REST specifications. As REST is said to apply verbs (HTTP commands) to nouns (URIs), FT-REST enhances this conceptual model with adverbs that render REST reliable via reusable and extensible fault tolerance.
Inverting geometric transitions: Explicit Calabi-Yau metrics for the Maldacena-Nuñez solutions

Explicit Calabi-Yau metrics are derived that are argued to map to the Maldacena-Nu\~nez AdS solutions of M-theory and IIB under geometric transitions. In each case the metrics are singular where a ${H}^{2}$ K\"ahler two-cycle degenerates but are otherwise smooth. They are derived as the most general Calabi-Yau solutions of an ansatz for the supergravity description of branes wrapped on K\"ahler two-cycles. The ansatz is inspired by rewriting the AdS solutions, and the structure defined by half their Killing spinors, in this form. The world-volume theories of fractional branes wrapped at the singularities of these metrics are proposed as the duals of the AdS solutions. The existence of supergravity solutions interpolating between the AdS and Calabi-Yau metrics is conjectured and their boundary conditions briefly discussed.
Influence of Work Overload, Work-Family Conflicts and Negative Affectivity on Job Embeddedness and Emotional Exhaustion: The Moderating Role of Coworker Support (Case of Health Management)

The aim of this paper was to investigate the impacts of work overload, work-family conflict, familywork conflict and negative affectivity on job emotional exhaustion job embeddedness among medical specialists. Study further investigated the moderating role of coworker support. The study assessed the previously stated connections using simple, multiple and moderating regression. For the analysis of the study a total of 250 specialists were chosen from different hospitals in Pakistan. Results demonstrated substantial influences of work overload, work family-conflict, family-work conflict and negative affectivity towards job embeddedness and emotional exhaustion. Support of coworker moderates relationships of negative affectivity, work overload, work-family conflict and family-work conflict on emotional exhaustion. Notably, employees who have intense workloads and Original Research Article Qaiser et al.; JSRR, 7(1): 75-85, 2015; Article no.JSRR. 2015.189 76 not able to make a harmony between work (family) and family (work) parts are candidly depleted. Such employees thus are less installed in their occupations and showcase poor execution in the service delivery process.
Mobility-based strategies for traffic steering in heterogeneous networks

The large increase in size and complexity experienced by cellular networks in recent years has led to a new paradigm known as heterogeneous networks, or HetNets. In this context, networks with different cell sizes, radio access technologies, or carrier frequencies can be deployed in the same environment. As the coverage area of each of these networks is typically overlapped, operators have some degree of freedom to modify user distributions across the networks (i.e., traffic steering) in order to improve network performance. This article introduces different mechanisms of traffic steering in HetNets, clarifying the specific goals that operators can set and focusing on those techniques that adjust mobility parameters, which are typically more attractive to achieve these goals. In addition, some challenging issues arising from particular HetNet deployments are discussed and illustrated by example use cases, which are applicable to an early stage of LTE deployment. Finally, a fuzzy-logic-based algorithm that optimizes network parameters for traffic steering is proposed.
A Genetic-Algorithm-Based Approach for Task Migration in Pervasive Clouds

Pervasive computing is converging with cloud computing which becomes pervasive cloud computing as an emerging computing paradigm. Users can run their applications or tasks in pervasive cloud environment in order to gain better execution efficiency and performance leveraging powerful computing and storage capacities of pervasive clouds through task migration. During task migration, there are possibly a number of conflicting objectives to be considered when making migration decisions, such as less energy consumption and quick response, in order to find an optimal migration path. In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithms- (GAs-) based approach which is effective in addressing multiobjective optimization problems. We have performed some preliminary evaluations of the proposed approach which shows quite promising results, using one of the classical genetic algorithms. The conclusion is that GAs can be used for decision making in task migrations in pervasive clouds.
A Generic Model for Formally Verifying NoC Communication Architectures: A Case Study

Networks on chip are emerging as a promising solution for the design of complex systems on a chip, to interconnect manufactured IP cores, and the need to formally guarantee their correctness is crucial. In a NoC centered design, the individual IP's are considered already validated. This paper addresses the validation of the communication infrastructure. A generic formal model for NoC's has been developed and implemented in the ACL2 theorem prover. As an application, the HERMES network has been formalized in this model, and we show that both formal proofs and simulation experiments can be performed in ACL2
Preparation and characterization of photo-responsive cell-penetrating peptide-mediated nanostructured lipid carrier

Abstract Tumor-oriented nanocarrier drug delivery approaches with photo-sensitivity have been drawing considerable attention over the years. Here we described a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) modified with photo-responsive cell-penetrating peptides (pCPP-NLC). The conventional cell penetrating peptide (CPP)-mediated intracellular drug delivery system sometimes seemed limited due to the lack of target selectivity of the cell penetrating activity. In this study, pCPP (CKRRMKNvocWKNvo0cKNvoc), a photo-responsive CPP originated from the CPP (CKRRMKWKK), was endowed photo-responsiveness after masking of lysines in the sequence of CPP with photolabile-protective groups, and was introduced onto the surface of NLC. Accordingly, upon reaching the tumor tissues, pCPP-NLC enhance specific cancer cellular uptake after rapidly cleaving the photolabile-protective group, in this case, illumination in the presence of UV-light. In contrast, in circulation, the penetration was shielded. The pCPP-NLC carrying paclitaxel (PTX) prepared in this work possessed suitable physiochemical properties such as small particle size, high drug encapsulation efficiency, and good stability. The strong cellular uptake and cytotoxic activity of pCPP-NLC in HT-1080 cells verified the correlation with illumination. The remarkable penetration into HT-1080 multicellular tumor spheroids confirmed that the temporary mask of the photolabile-protective group in pCPP does not disturb the penetration ability of CPP in the tumor microenvironment with illumination. Furthermore, the triggered activation exhibited higher antitumor efficacy with the tumor spheroids compared with the non-modified NLC (N-NLC) and Taxol®. In conclusion, the application of pCPP modifications may be an approach for the selectively targeted delivery of anti-tumor agents.
Exit over Voice in Dominican Ethnoracial Politics

This article examines the effect of perceived ethnoracial identity on electoral politics in the Dominican Republic and provides an explanation for the low salience of race and ethnicity in political behavior in Latin America. I argue that, under certain conditions, individuals will deal with ethnoracial discrimination and stratification through exit rather than voice—that is, they will reclassify their way out of marginalized ethno-racial categories instead of voting for candidates or parties that share their ethnoracial identities. This tends to be the case where ethnoracial group identity is inchoate and group boundaries are permeable. I also argue that where ethnoracial group loyalties are weak and immigration is widespread, citizens may emphasize national origin over race or ethnicity. Findings from an original field experiment and survey in Santo Domingo show that candidates did not consistently support candidates that shared their ethno-racial attributes, but they did slightly favor candidates perceived as white. Respondents strongly discriminated against candidates of Haitian origin.Este artículo examina el efecto que ejerce la percepción de identidad etno-racial en el comportamiento político en la República Dominicana e intenta explicar la baja incidencia de la identidad etno-racial en la política electoral en América Latina. Se argumenta que en sociedades en las que los límites de clasificación etno-racial son porosos y donde los grupos etno-raciales carecen de identidades consolidadas hay una tendencia hacia evadir identificación con grupos marginados en vez de participar en política de tilde etno-racial que afronte niveles de estratificación social. Los resultados de una encuesta y de un experimento de campo realizados en Santo Domingo, República Dominicana indican que, conforme a la tesis que se avanza, los atributos etno-raciales inciden poco en la evaluación de candidatos, salvo en la evaluación de candidatos de origen haitiano.
The efficacy of epidural blood patch in spontaneous CSF leaks

Of 25 consecutive patients with spontaneous CSF leaks treated with epidural blood patch (EBP), nine patients (36%) responded well to the first EBP. Of 15 patients who received a second EBP, five became asymptomatic (33%). Of eight patients who received three or more EBP (mean 4), four patients (50%) responded well.
Improvements to Seam Carving: A Content Aware Image Resizing Technique

The recent developments in the field of display technologies have seen great diversity in display sizes. Same content is required to be displayed in different dimensions and aspect ratios for different devices. Standard scaling of an image to match the display size is not proving to be sufficient as it does not consider the image contents. Seam Carving is a content aware image resizing technique proposed by Ariel Shamir and Shai Avidan. It retargets images to a new size by gracefully carving out or inserting pixels in different parts of the image based on importance of pixels. In this thesis, the seam carving algorithm is analyzed for a variety of content, attention is then drawn to some of the image categories where it gives unacceptable results. A set of improvements by enhancing the so-called energy model which drives the seam carving algorithm are proposed. The new energy model reflects the visual saliency of image parts better than the original energy model. The improvements are evaluated in a subjective analysis. Also considering the popularity of wide screen displays, a retargeting algorithm for aspect ratio conversion using seam carving is proposed. Further on an evaluation of the performance of the proposed algorithm for aspect ratio change compared to currently known method of panoramic stretch is carried out. c © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2008 iii TN-1 Philips Restricted Conclusions: Analysis of Seam carving, the proposed improvements to it and results of subjective evaluation leads to the following conclusions • Seam carving in general works best for images with multiple subjects separated by an uninteresting background. • The results of seam carving can be significantly improved by better modeling of visual saliency in the energy function. • Higher level cues like face detection greatly improves the results of retargeting. • Taking into account, the history of previously removed seams, continuous carving from the same region of image can be prevented leading to reduced artifacts. • Seam carving is a good candidate for retargeting for aspect ratio conversion as it considers the content while achieving target aspect ratio. iv c © Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. 2008 Philips Restricted TN-1
The design of smart home system based on Wi-Fi

With the development for ubiquitous computing, smart home services will not only be limited at the household space, but also the scope of services will be out of range the geographical constraint, and the service will support the activities of each home member even out of home. In this paper, we propose a home with intelligent monitoring and controlling system based on Wi-Fi, which mainly provides three kinds of services: monitor the status of smart appliances, through each depended devices' configuration information to control the setting status of smart appliances, feedback the device status information to the user by cycle; control the status of smart appliances. By intelligent terminal with Wi-Fi, the user can control the working status of smart appliances; the system will control status of smart appliances automatically and turn to department related for assistance when an emergency situations happen, such as fire, carbon monoxide poisoning. We propose a Cloud that not merely bases on present Cloud architecture but also expands service scope in order to offer special and efficient home services for digital appliances.
Multiphoton Microscopy

Multi-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy is a relatively novel imaging technique in cell biology. It relies on the quasi-simultaneous absorption of two or more photons (of either the same or different energy) by a molecule. With normal fluorescence microscopy, one cannot resolve deep structures within a specimen because of large depth of focus. An enhanced method, the confocal microscopy [1], allows scanning a series of thin optical `slices' through the thickness (Z-direction) of the specimen, and its three-dimensional representation can be generated and manipulated with image-processing software. But, because we are interested in observing living specimens, often at several stages during development, we run into some serious problems with normal confocal fluorescence microscopy. One of these is photobleaching of the fluorescent label (chromophore)[2]. Because the small confocal aperture blocks most of the light emitted by the tissue, including light coming from the plane of focus, the exciting laser must be very bright to allow an adequate signal-to-noise ratio. This bright light causes fluorescent dyes to fade within minutes of continuous scanning. In addition to photobleaching, phototoxicity is also a problem [3]. Excited fluorescent dye molecules generate toxic free-radicals. Thus, one must limit the scanning time or light intensity if one hopes to keep the specimen alive. The solution was: Two-Photon Microscopy.
The Histone Methyltransferase SDG 724 Mediates H 3 K 36 me 2 / 3 Deposition at MADS 50 and RFT 1 and Promotes Flowering in Rice

Changhui Sun,a,b,c,1 Jun Fang,a,1 Taolan Zhao,a Bo Xu,a Fantao Zhang,a Linchuan Liu,a Jiuyou Tang,a Genfa Zhang,c Xiaojian Deng,b Fan Chen,d Qian Qian,e Xiaofeng Cao,a and Chengcai Chua,c,2 a State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China b Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China c Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China d Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China e State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
Block of large conductance Ca(2+)‐activated K+ channels in rabbit vascular myocytes by internal Mg2+ and Na+.

1. We studied the biophysical properties of single large conductance (> 200 pS in symmetrical K+ pipette and bath solutions) Ca(2+)‐activated K+ (BKca) channels of rabbit portal vein and coronary arterial smooth muscle cells using the cell‐attached and inside‐out variants of the patch‐clamp technique (at 22 degrees C). 2. The unitary conductance of BKca channels recorded in cell‐attached patches with K+ concentrations in the range 5.4‐140 mM was significantly lower than that predicted on the basis of the conductance measured in inside‐out patches with symmetrical K+ pipette and bath solutions (140 mM) and the constant field equation. In cell‐attached patches from cells bathed in depolarizing medium (140 mM) with 5.4 mM K+ in the pipette solution, BKca channels were difficult to detect on the physiological range of membrane potentials (approximately ‐50 mV). Unitary currents were smaller at all voltages in the range ‐50 to 0 mV and the i‐V relationship exhibited strong inward rectification at potentials > 0 mV. These channels were unequivocally identified as BKca channels due to their sensitivity to caffeine (10 mM) and iberiotoxin (20 nM), and their non‐stationary kinetic properties. 3. Exposure of the cytoplasmic side of excised patches to [Mg2+] in the range 0‐15 mM produced two effects on BKca channel activity: the slope conductance and open probability were reduced and enhanced, respectively, in a concentration‐dependent manner by this cation. The Mg(2+)‐induced reduction in conductance exhibited weak voltage dependence. 4. Application of 20 mM Na+ to the internal face of BKca channels recorded in the inside‐out configuration produced a flickery block at potentials > or = +20 mV resulting in reduced unitary current amplitudes and strong inward rectification of the i‐V relationship. Exposure of inside‐out patches to a combination of 20 mM Na+ and 2 mM Mg2+ further reduced unitary current amplitude to a level similar to the algebraic sum of the effect of each cation in isolation. 5. We conclude that Ca(2+)‐dependent K+ channels of vascular smooth muscle cells display a lower unitary conductance when recorded under physiological conditions than that previously estimated on the basis of their behaviour in excised membrane patches. Our data indicate that the decreased permeation through BKca channels may be partly attributed to block by intracellular Mg2+ and Na+, which appear to interact with distinct binding sites along the inner side of the pore.
Performance Style in Elena Gerhardt's Schubert Song Recordings

Performance style is conceptualised as a collection of small ‘expressive gestures’ consisting of changes in frequency, loudness or duration within or between notes or phrases. Collections differ somewhat between individuals (personal style) and change in content over time (period style). The changing style of Elena Gerhardt (1883–1965), as documented in her recordings of Schubert Lieder (1911–1939), is analysed through her habits of timbre, vibrato, scoops, portamento, tuning, and rubato. Beneath the general impression of consistency throughout her career, more detailed analysis of the data, especially concerning vibrato and rubato, reveals a process of gradual evolution consistent with the hypothesis that performance style changes in unrecognisably small steps which accumulate rapidly across a musical culture.