Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H5 at TREC 2008 Legal Interactive: User Modeling, Assessment & Measurement

Treating the information retrieval task as one of classification has been shown to be the most effective way to achieve high performance on a particular task. In this paper, we describe a hybrid human-computer system that addresses the problem of achieving high performance on IR tasks by systematically and replicably creating large numbers of document assessments. We demonstrate how User Modeling, Document Assessment and Measurement combine to provide a shared understanding of relevance, a means for representing that understanding to an automated system, and a mechanism for iterating and correcting such a system so as to converge on a desired result.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Depression and Psychosis: A Systematic Review

Transcranial direct current stimulation, one of the neuromodulation paradigms, is attracting interest as a novel method to treat various central nervous system disorders. It is safe, portable, and cost-effective, and has been applied experimentally for patients with various neuropsychiatric conditions. For the clinical importance and preliminary positive results, growing number of randomized controlled trials to patients with depression or schizophrenia are reported, followed by systematic reviews and meta-analyses. However, former research specifically focuses on depression or psychosis in psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we provide a systematic review of studies reporting the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation in ameliorating these symptoms not limited to psychiatric patients or objective scales by examining double-blind sham-controlled trials.
Reliability of Measurements Performed by Community-Drawn Anthropometrists from Rural Ethiopia

Background Undernutrition is an important risk factor for childhood mortality, and remains a major problem facing many developing countries. Millennium Development Goal 1 calls for a reduction in underweight children, implemented through a variety of interventions. To adequately judge the impact of these interventions, it is important to know the reproducibility of the main indicators for undernutrition. In this study, we trained individuals from rural communities in Ethiopia in anthropometry techniques and measured intra- and inter-observer reliability. Methods and Findings We trained 6 individuals without prior anthropometry experience to perform weight, height, and middle upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements. Two anthropometry teams were dispatched to 18 communities in rural Ethiopia and measurements performed on all consenting pre-school children. Anthropometry teams performed a second independent measurement on a convenience sample of children in order to assess intra-anthropometrist reliability. Both teams measured the same children in 2 villages to assess inter-anthropometrist reliability. We calculated several metrics of measurement reproducibility, including the technical error of measurement (TEM) and relative TEM. In total, anthropometry teams performed measurements on 606 pre-school children, 84 of which had repeat measurements performed by the same team, and 89 of which had measurements performed by both teams. Intra-anthropometrist TEM (and relative TEM) were 0.35 cm (0.35%) for height, 0.05 kg (0.39%) for weight, and 0.18 cm (1.27%) for MUAC. Corresponding values for inter-anthropometrist reliability were 0.67 cm (0.75%) for height, 0.09 kg (0.79%) for weight, and 0.22 kg (1.53%) for MUAC. Inter-anthropometrist measurement error was greater for smaller children than for larger children. Conclusion Measurements of height and weight were more reproducible than measurements of MUAC and measurements of larger children were more reliable than those for smaller children. Community-drawn anthropometrists can provide reliable measurements that could be used to assess the impact of interventions for childhood undernutrition.
TiDeH: Time-Dependent Hawkes Process for Predicting Retweet Dynamics

Online social networking services allow their users to post content in the form of text, images or videos. The main mechanism driving content diffusion is the possibility for users to re-share the content posted by their social connections, which may then cascade across the system. A fundamental problem when studying information cascades is the possibility to develop sound mathematical models, whose parameters can be calibrated on empirical data, in order to predict the future course of a cascade after a window of observation. In this paper, we focus on Twitter and, in particular, on the temporal patterns of retweet activity for an original tweet. We model the system by Time-Dependent Hawkes process (TiDeH), which properly takes into account the circadian nature of the users and the aging of information. The input of the prediction model are observed retweet times and structural information about the underlying social network. We develop a procedure for parameter optimization and for predicting the future profiles of retweet activity at different time resolutions. We validate our methodology on a large corpus of Twitter data and demonstrate its systematic improvement over existing approaches in all the time regimes.
TRANSGRESSING "VICTIMS" Reading Narratives of "Filipina Brides" in Japan

This article traces the discourse on Filipina hanayome (brides) in administratively mediated international marriages (kokusai kekkon) in Japan from the mid 1980s to the present. In narratives of “international marriages” in the late 1980s, “Filipina” came to index the “problem of brides from Asia. ” As seen elsewhere, various textual and media representations have depicted rural Filipino women as socioeconomic victims and sexually subjugated women. Simultaneously, however, constructions of Filipina hanayome in rural Japan have been given local twists. Drawing on examples from largely neglected written texts in Japanese and from an ethnographic vignette, the article next focuses on sexual subjectivity and economic autonomy, two dimensions of the women's lives in which they struggle to recapture their own ways of imputing meanings to their lives vis-à-vis various social forces. In so doing, this article interrogates certain feminist and popular depictions of hanayome.
SuperHirn – a novel tool for high resolution LC‐MS‐based peptide/protein profiling

Label‐free quantification of high mass resolution LC‐MS data has emerged as a promising technology for proteome analysis. Computational methods are required for the accurate extraction of peptide signals from LC‐MS data and the tracking of these features across the measurements of different samples. We present here an open source software tool, SuperHirn, that comprises a set of modules to process LC‐MS data acquired on a high resolution mass spectrometer. The program includes newly developed functionalities to analyze LC‐MS data such as feature extraction and quantification, LC‐MS similarity analysis, LC‐MS alignment of multiple datasets, and intensity normalization. These program routines extract profiles of measured features and comprise tools for clustering and classification analysis of the profiles. SuperHirn was applied in an MS1‐based profiling approach to a benchmark LC‐MS dataset of complex protein mixtures with defined concentration changes. We show that the program automatically detects profiling trends in an unsupervised manner and is able to associate proteins to their correct theoretical dilution profile.
CPEB and miR-15/16 Co-Regulate Translation of Cyclin E1 mRNA during Xenopus Oocyte Maturation

Cell cycle transitions spanning meiotic maturation of the Xenopus oocyte and early embryogenesis are tightly regulated at the level of stored inactive maternal mRNA. We investigated here the translational control of cyclin E1, required for metaphase II arrest of the unfertilised egg and the initiation of S phase in the early embryo. We show that the cyclin E1 mRNA is regulated by both cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs) and two miR-15/16 target sites within its 3’UTR. Moreover, we provide evidence that maternal miR-15/16 microRNAs co-immunoprecipitate with CPE-binding protein (CPEB), and that CPEB interacts with the RISC component Ago2. Experiments using competitor RNA and mutated cyclin E1 3’UTRs suggest cooperation of the regulatory elements to sustain repression of the cyclin E1 mRNA during early stages of maturation when CPEB becomes limiting and cytoplasmic polyadenylation of repressed mRNAs begins. Importantly, injection of anti-miR-15/16 LNA results in the early polyadenylation of endogenous cyclin E1 mRNA during meiotic maturation, and an acceleration of GVBD, altogether strongly suggesting that the proximal CPEB and miRNP complexes act to mutually stabilise each other. We conclude that miR-15/16 and CPEB co-regulate cyclin E1 mRNA. This is the first demonstration of the co-operation of these two pathways.
Looming Cognitive Style, Emotion Schemas, and Fears of Loss of Emotional Control: Two Studies

We examined links between looming cognitive style (Riskind, Williams, Gesner, Chrosniak, & Cortina, 2000) and aspects of dysfunctional emotional regulation, and particularly fears of loss of emotional control. In study 1 we used a cross-sectional design to determine the associations between looming cognitive style and a battery of measures related to fears of loss of emotional control and associated emotional schemas. Consistent with predictions, looming cognitive style was associated with fears of loss of emotional control (Williams, Chambless, & Ahrens, 1997) and with dysfunctional emotion schemas and beliefs (Leahy, 2002). In study 2, we examined whether looming cognitive style predicted increases in fears of losing emotional control over time. Results were consistent with the assumption that the sense of threat created by looming cognitive style produced increased fears of losing control over emotions. Conversely, results indicated a partial reciprocal effect such that fears of losing control over anx.
Internet privacy and institutional trust

What does the US public believe about the credibility of institutional actors when it comes to protecting information privacy online? Drawing on perspectives of environmental risk, this article addresses the question through a nationally representative telephone survey of 1200 adults who go online at home. A key result is that a substantial percentage of internet users believes that major corporate or government institutions will both help them to protect information privacy and take that privacy away by disclosing information to other parties without permission. This finding and others raise questions about the dynamics of risk-perception and institutional trust on the web.
Using Affect Awareness to Modulate Task Experience: A Study Amongst Pre-elementary School Kids

Computing systems may record facts about users such as their click behaviors, their accuracies, and their rates of recurrence, and may then act on predictions of their behaviors and preferences. However, sequences of key presses and mouse movements do not capture their immediate desires and needs during a task. Affect-mediated systems, computing systems that adapt to the emotional state of users, can better respond to these momentary shifts in demand. This paper presents a study of how affect mediation can help improve a user's task performance. Designed as a children's game, our experimental system uses facial expressions to regress the user to an earlier, easier game phase according to perceived unease. Through experimentation with child participants, we found that children performed better with the affect-sensitive version of the game than with the non-affect-sensitive version. We hope these results will support the future design of affect-sensitive machines that can help users complete tasks.
Life in the Bleep-Cycle: Inventing Id-TV on the Jerry Springer Show

American1 talk television has cut a significant swathe across the broadcasting landscape. As a genre it is one of the most extensively syndicated and franchised media forms world-wide. American talk shows have long been pre-eminent not only in the massive export of multiple products, but also as genre-setting influences in the relatively recent proliferation of home-grown American-style talk shows in other countries. Moreover, American talk show hosts are not only household names across a "global communication village," but some have become figures whose personal iconic status is matched or at least approached by staggering economic capital (both in terms of personal wealth and corporate industry). For instance, Harpo, the multi-stranded empire of Oprah Winfrey, not only produces her talk show, but is involved in a considerable range of media, educational and charitable ventures. Finally, the talk show is, in itself, both central to and has been formative in the growing and global industry of constructed reality television. In the evolution of talk television, the Jerry Springer Show has a distinctive place in three respects. First it is a hybrid genre drawing
Modeling of an Intuitive Gesture Recognition System

This paper presents a brief study of the various techniques that are used to model the intuitive gestures, in particular the gestures involving the hands. Here we study mainly three techniques: Haar Classifiers, Hidden Markov Model & Vision Based Tracking Using Color Markers. We also design a gesture based interaction system using vision based tracking using color markers to interact with the computer. The system uses both static & interactive gestures.
Incorporating Topic Assignment Constraint and Topic Correlation Limitation into Clinical Goal Discovering for Clinical Pathway Mining

Clinical pathways are widely used around the world for providing quality medical treatment and controlling healthcare cost. However, the expert-designed clinical pathways can hardly deal with the variances among hospitals and patients. It calls for more dynamic and adaptive process, which is derived from various clinical data. Topic-based clinical pathway mining is an effective approach to discover a concise process model. Through this approach, the latent topics found by latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) represent the clinical goals. And process mining methods are used to extract the temporal relations between these topics. However, the topic quality is usually not desirable due to the low performance of the LDA in clinical data. In this paper, we incorporate topic assignment constraint and topic correlation limitation into the LDA to enhance the ability of discovering high-quality topics. Two real-world datasets are used to evaluate the proposed method. The results show that the topics discovered by our method are with higher coherence, informativeness, and coverage than the original LDA. These quality topics are suitable to represent the clinical goals. Also, we illustrate that our method is effective in generating a comprehensive topic-based clinical pathway model.
A Recursive Method for Structural Learning of Directed Acyclic Graphs

In this paper, we propose a recursive method for structural learning of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), in which a problem of structural learning for a large DAG is first decomposed into two problems of structural learning for two small vertex subsets, each of which is then decomposed recursively into two problems of smaller subsets until none subset can be decomposed further. In our approach, search for separators of a pair of variables in a large DAG is localized to small subsets, and thus the approach can improve the efficiency of searches and the power of statistical tests for structural learning. We show how the recent advances in the learning of undirected graphical models can be employed to facilitate the decomposition. Simulations are given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
A New Full-Rate Full-Diversity Space-Time Block Code With Nonvanishing Determinants and Simplified Maximum-Likelihood Decoding

A new 2times2 full-rate full-diversity linear dispersion space-time block code (STBC) is designed by augmenting the generator of the lattice of the Alamouti's orthogonal STBC and optimizing it according to the criterion of the maximal worst codeword difference determinant. The proposed STBC is proved to satisfy the nonvanishing determinant property and, therefore, to achieve the optimal diversity-multiplexing gain (DMG) tradeoff, while offering a reduced computational complexity of maximum- likelihood (ML) decoding as compared to other existing full-rate STBCs. The performance of our new code is shown to be comparable to that of the best full-rate STBCs known so far.
A society divided

Christianity invites one to consider it as an antisocial and disembedding force, in particular as hostile to tradition and hostile to collective modes of life. Colonial-era evangelists to Papua New Guinea (PNG) called on people to break traditional rules and, in their words, come out of the darkness. It has thus been productive to examine Christianity and tradition in terms of a confrontation of two incompatible systems, indeed, two incommensurate ontologies of social life. Yet examples of the harmonization of Christianity and traditional sociality abound in PNG and many other societies. In this article, I reconsider the history of the dividual in anthropological thought and argue that it should be seen as a frame for relationships that people instantiate through communicative action. I examine two cases of mourning in Auhelawa, a society on Normanby Island, PNG in which participants do not agree on what kinds of persons—Christian individuals or relationally-defined kin—should be posited as the agents of ritual exchanges. While at times they stage mourning rituals as though these two modes of action were opposites, in practice these two frames not only merge but enter into a dialogue in which a relational being grounds individual Christian selfconsciousness. I conclude then that what anthropology needs is not to discover additional types of personhood. Rather, we need, as Marilyn Strathern and McKim Marriott initially argued, to attend to how actors theorize themselves in the process of doing sociality.
Pulse pressure and risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation.

CONTEXT Atrial fibrillation (AF) is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality, making identification of modifiable risk factors a priority. Increased pulse pressure, a reflection of aortic stiffness, increases cardiac load and may increase AF risk. OBJECTIVE To examine relations between pulse pressure and incident AF. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective, community-based observational cohort in Framingham, Mass, including 5331 Framingham Heart Study participants aged 35 years and older and initially free from AF (median age, 57 years; 55% women). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident AF. RESULTS AF developed in 698 participants (13.1%) a median of 12 years after pulse pressure assessment. Cumulative 20-year AF incidence rates were 5.6% for pulse pressure of 40 mm Hg or less (25th percentile) and 23.3% for pulse pressure greater than 61 mm Hg (75th percentile). In models adjusted for age, sex, baseline and time-dependent change in mean arterial pressure, and clinical risk factors for AF (body mass index, smoking, valvular disease, diabetes, electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension treatment, and prevalent myocardial infarction or heart failure), pulse pressure was associated with increased risk for AF (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.26 per 20-mm Hg increment; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.43; P<.001). In contrast, mean arterial pressure was unrelated to incident AF (adjusted HR, 0.96 per 10-mm Hg increment; 95% CI, 0.88-1.05; P = .39). Systolic pressure was related to AF (HR, 1.14 per 20-mm Hg increment; 95% CI, 1.04-1.25; P = .006); however, if diastolic pressure was added, model fit improved and the diastolic relation was inverse (adjusted HR, 0.87 per 10-mm Hg increment; 95% CI, 0.78-0.96; P = .01), consistent with a pulse pressure effect. Among patients with interpretable echocardiographic images, the association between pulse pressure and AF persisted in models that adjusted for baseline left atrial dimension, left ventricular mass, and left ventricular fractional shortening (adjusted HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.09-1.39; P = .001). CONCLUSION Pulse pressure is an important risk factor for incident AF in a community-based sample. Further research is needed to determine whether interventions that reduce pulse pressure will limit the growing incidence of AF.
Achieving relationship harmony in groups and its consequence for group performance

Relationships are formed to meet individual goals, and one consequence of this joint effort towards mutual goal fulfillment will be a level of relationship harmony achieved between the interaction partners. The present study investigated the personality correlates associated with the achievement of relationship harmony in a group setting and its consequences for group performance. Students from a social psychology course formed groups for completing task assignments. After a 3-month collaboration, each student evaluated his or her level of relationship harmony attained with each of his or her other group members. It was found that a member’s agreeableness positively predicted his or her achievement of relationship harmony in the group, but that conscientiousness and openness to experience had detrimental effects on the relationship harmony achieved with other group members. A group whose members attained higher relationship harmony performed better on its group assignments, suggesting that relationship harmony among members of a group might have beneficial effects on group processes like performance focus and shared exchange at least in a collectivist, Chinese culture.
Programming Research Group Efficient Deterministic Sorting on the Bsp Model Eecient Deterministic Sorting on the Bsp Model

We present a new algorithm for deterministic sorting on the Bulk-Synchronous Parallel (BSP) model of computation. We sort n keys using a partitioning scheme that achieves the requirements of eeciency (one-optimality) and insensitivity against initial data distribution. Although we employ sampling to realize eeciency, we give a precise worst-case estimation of the maximum imbalance which might occur. The algorithm is one-optimal for a wide range of the BSP parameters in the sense that its speedup on p processors is asymptotically (1 ? o(1)) p.
Behavior and interactions of children in cooperative groups in lower and middle elementary grades.

The study investigated the behaviors and interactions of children in structured and unstructured groups as they worked together on a 6-week social studies activity each term for 3 school terms. Two hundred and twelve children in Grade 1 and 184 children in Grade 3 participated in the study. Stratified random assignment occurred so that each gender-balanced group consisted of 1 high-, 2 medium-, and 1 low-ability student. The results show that the children in the structured groups were consistently more cooperative and they provided more elaborated and nonelaborated help than did their peers in the unstructured groups. The children in the structured groups in Grade 3 obtained higher reading and learning outcome scores than their peers in the unstructured groups.
No One Theory of Suicide: The Experience of a Cancer Patient Who Killed Himself

More than a million people worldwide die by suicide annually, and more than 30,000 of them in the United States. Cancer patients are two to four times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. The purpose of this article is to use the results of a phenomenological psychological autopsy to (1) illustrate the interplay of the interpersonal and intrapersonal circumstances of one colon cancer patient’s struggle and ultimate suicide, and (2) demonstrate that health and mental health practitioners need to use more than one theory of suicide to inform their assessment of risk. The findings present a telling picture of the struggles of the decedent, and the authors recommend how the results inform health and mental health practitioners’ practice, policy, and research related to suicide prevention.