Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synergistic elimination of bacteria by phage and the innate immune system

Phage therapy has been viewed as a potential treatment for bacterial infections for over a century. Yet, the year 2016 marks the first phase I/II human trial of a phage therapeutic - to treat burn wound patients in Europe. The slow progress in realizing clinical therapeutics is matched by a similar dearth in principled understanding of phage therapy. Theoretical models and in vitro experiments find that combining phage and bacteria often leads to coexistence of both phage and bacteria or phage elimination altogether. Both outcomes stand in contrast to the stated goals of phage therapy. A potential resolution to the gap between models, experiments, and therapeutic use of phage is the hypothesis that the combined effect of phage and host immune system can synergistically eliminate bacterial pathogens. Here, we propose a phage therapy model that considers the nonlinear dynamics arising from interactions between bacteria, phage and the host innate immune system. The model builds upon earlier efforts by incorporating a maximum capacity of the immune response and density-dependent immune evasion by bacteria. We analytically identify a synergistic regime in this model in which phage and the innate immune response jointly contribute to the elimination of the target bacteria. Crucially, we find that in this synergistic regime, neither phage alone nor the innate immune system alone can eliminate the bacteria. We confirm these findings using numerical simulations in biologically plausible scenarios. We utilize our numerical simulations to explore the synergistic effect and its significance for guiding the use of phage therapy in clinically relevant applications.
Predictive genotype based on phenotype using the association rules mining

Genotype data is very important for many purposes since it contains such information of living organism. Unfortunately it is very hard to get the data. To get the data, it is needed a long and difficult chemical process. The purpose of this research is to develop a predictive gene sequence scheme in order to minimize the producing of the data. The scheme is made by finding the pattern of data correlation to perform a rule. The association rule mining method is used to build the rules andit can be used for genotype prediction. The prediction will be evaluated by the training and non training data on the experiment. The result of the experiment is an accuracy score of the predictive genotype. The accuracy of the training data is about 90% and the non training data is about 40%.
Convolutional maxout neural networks for speech separation

Speech separation based on deep neural networks (DNNs) has been widely studied recently, and has achieved considerable success. However, previous studies are mostly based on fully-connected neural networks. In order to capture the local information of speech signals, we propose to use convolutional maxout neural networks (CMNNs) to separate speech and noise by estimating the ideal ratio mask of the time-frequency units. In our work the proposed CMNN is applied in the frequency domain. By using local filtering and max-pooling, convolutional neural networks can model the local structure of speech signals. Instead of sigmoid function, maxout is selected to address the saturation problem. In addition, dropout is integrated into the network to get better generalization ability. The proposed system outperforms a traditional DNN-based system in both objective speech quality and intelligibility.
A simple on-line bin-packing algorithm

The one-dimensional on-line bin-packing problem is considered, A simple <italic>O</italic>(1)-space and <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic>)-time algorithm, called HARMONIC<italic><subscrpt>M</subscrpt></italic>, is presented. It is shown that this algorithm can achieve a worst-case performance ratio of less than 1.692, which is better than that of the <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic>)-space and <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic> log <italic>n</italic>)-time algorithm FIRST FIT. Also shown is that 1.691 … is a lower bound for <italic>all</italic> <italic>0</italic>(1)-space on-line bin-packing algorithms. Finally a revised version of HARMONIC<italic><subscrpt>M </subscrpt></italic>, an <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic>)-space and <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic>)- time algorithm, is presented and is shown to have a worst-case performance ratio of less than 1.636. d
Assessment of anterior-posterior jaw relationships in Korean adults using the nasion true vertical plane in cone-beam computed tomography images

Objective The aims of this study were to investigate a simple method for assessing anterior-posterior jaw relationships via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images taken in the natural head position (NHP) relative to the nasion true vertical plane (NTVP), and measure normative data in Korean adults with normal profiles. Methods Subjects were selected from patients presenting for third molar extraction and evaluated as having normal profiles by three examiners. The CBCT images of 80 subjects (39 males, 41 females) were taken in the NHP according to Solow and Tallgren's method. Linear measurements of the A-point, B-point, and Pog were calculated relative to the NTVP. Student's t-test was used to assess sexual differences in these measurements. Results The mean linear measurements of the A-point, B-point, and Pog relative to the NTVP were 0.18 mm (standard deviation [SD], 4.77 mm), −4.00 mm (SD, 6.62 mm), and −2.49 mm (SD, 7.14 mm) respectively in Korean males, and 1.48 mm (SD, 4.21 mm), −4.07 mm (SD, 6.70 mm) and −2.91 mm (SD, 7.25 mm) in Korean females respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between Korean males and females (p < 0.05). Conclusions Three-dimensional CBCT analysis using the NTVP is a simple and reliable method for assessing anterior-posterior skeletal relationships.
Fixed-point GMM-based speaker verification over mobile embedded system

This paper presents an experimental study of the implementation of speaker verification on a mobile embedded system. Specifically, our speaker verification system is built using the mel-warped cepstral feature extraction and GMM-based pattern matching methods. We outline in a step-by-step method the procedure for porting such a system from a desktop PC to a PDA. Experiments show that our system runs 37 times faster than the baseline system so that speaker verification becomes feasible on a PDA.
Development of sensor network nodes for ultrasonic sensor-driven position system inside buildings

Ubiquitous location-based services (u-LBS) that can detect the location of objects or people anytime and anywhere and use this as a basis for providing useful services are emerging important services. Location tracking services are applicable in a wide variety of fields such as logistics, security, industrial autonomy, wireless sensor networks and military tracking. There are various location detection systems using different methods such as infrared, ultrasonic, RFID, UWB and signal strength. This thesis will examine the performance and practical uses of ultrasonic location detection nodes
Student Perceptions on the Community of Spiritual Formation at a Faith-Based University

Spiritual formation has always been of utmost importance in Christian education as faithbased institutions strive to educate the whole person; body, mind, and spirit. Because of this, Christian universities work to create programs and provide activities that challenge the minds and hearts of the students in order to promote spiritual growth. This study seeks to answer the following question: What does a phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of students at a Council for Christian Colleges & Universities (CCCU) institution reveal about their perceptions of the spiritual formation priorities of the institution? Stated another way, what do students report about their lived experiences in relation to the spiritual formation practices at their institution? This research captured a glimpse of the spiritual formation programming at Pacific Northwest Christian University, or PNCU (pseudonym), as six students shared their experiences through a process of interviews. As the interview data and field notes were analyzed, four themes emerged from the research: Classes and professors impacted their spiritual growth, a sense of community was important to their well-being and spiritual formation, faculty and staff provided a platform for spiritual mentoring, and communal worship in various formats was meaningful. These themes proved consistent with the literature, and offered a snapshot of the overall health of the spiritual formation paradigm at the institution. As a result of this research, a few suggestions were formulated as to how the university could continue to improve its offerings of spiritually formative experiences, and offered insight into potential further study.
Framework for client side AES encryption technique in cloud computing

Now a days, cloud computing is most popular network in world. Cloud computing provides resource sharing and online data storage for the end users. In existed cloud computing systems there are many security issues. So, security becomes essential part for the data which is stored on cloud. To solve this problem we have proposed this paper. This paper presents client side AES encryption and decryption technique using secret key. AES encryption and decryption is high secured and fastest technique. Client side encryption is an effective approach to provide security to transmitting data and stored data. This paper proposed user authentication to secure data of encryption algorithm with in cloud computing. Cloud computing allows users to use browser without application installation and access their data at any computer using browser. This infrastructure guaranteed to secure the information in cloud server.
The Conversational Role of Centered Contents

Some philosophers, for example David Lewis, have argued for the need to introduce de se contents or centered contents, i.e. contents of thought and speech the correctness of believing which depends not only on the possible world one inhabits, but also on the location one occupies. Independently, philosophers like Robert Stalnaker (and also David Lewis) have developed the conversational score model of linguistic communication. This conversational model usually relies on a more standard conception of content according to which the correctness of believing a content depends merely on the possible world one occupies. The aim of this paper is to develop a modified conversational score model that operates with centered contents. I begin by explaining how in principle centered contents can figure in the transfer of information from one thinker to another. Here I distinguish the local portability approach from the portable surrogate approach. Then I explain how these modes of information transfer can be exploited in a stalnakerian conversational model involving centered contents, proposing a modified update rule for assertion.
Electroporation of Haemophilus influenzae is effective for transformation of plasmid but not chromosomal DNA

Electroporation of plasmid and chromosomal DNAs were tested in Haemophilus influenzae because of an interest in introducing DNA into mutants that are deficient in competence for transformation. The initial experiments were designed to investigate and optimize conditions for electroporation of H. influenzae. Plasmid DNA was introduced into the competence proficient strain Rd and its competence-deficient uptake mutants com-52, com-59, and com-88, and the recombination deficient mutant rec1. Plasmid DNA could also be electroporated into the non-transforming strains Ra, Rc, Re and Rf. Plasmid DNA without sequences that are involved in tight binding (uptake) of DNA by competent cells of H. influenzae Rd was electroporated into both competent and non-competent cells. Competent cells were several orders of magnitude less efficient than non-competent cells for electroporation of plasmid DNAs. Electroporation of H. influenzae chromosomal DNA was not successful. Low levels of integration of chromosomal markers were observed following electroporation and these could be ascribed to transformation. The treatment of cells with DNasel following electroporation separated the effects due to electroporation from those due to transformation. The DNasel treatment did not affect the efficiency of plasmid incorporation, but severely restricted effects due to natural DNA transformation.
Named Entity Recognition for South and South East Asian Languages: Taking Stock

In this paper we first present a brief discussion of the problem of Named Entity Recognition (NER) in the context of the IJCNLP workshop on NER for South and South East Asian (SSEA) languages 1 . We also present a short report on the development of a named entity annotated corpus in five South Asian language, namely Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Oriya and Urdu. We present some details about a new named entity tagset used for this corpus and describe the annotation guidelines. Since the corpus was used for a shared task, we also explain the evaluation measures used for the task. We then present the results of our experiments on a baseline which uses a maximum entropy based approach. Finally, we give an overview of the papers to be presented at the workshop, including those from the shared task track. We discuss the results obtained by teams participating in the task and compare their results with the baseline results.
Lightweight heuristics to retrieve parameter associations from binaries

We present an approach to recover information on function signatures and data-flow relations from stripped binary code. Contrary to most approaches based either on static analysis or fine-grained dynamic instrumentation, we propose lightweight instrumentation and heuristics. Our goal is to get a fast and scalable pre-processing that could serve as a front-end to focus more detailed analysis of particular functions. We infer arity and parameter types, as well as a coupling relation (which we define). We are interested in particular in couples of functions with a data-flow relation, such as memory allocators. We trade-off accuracy for scalability and performance, but our experiments show that the results of the proposed heuristics can be quite accurate, even on a single random execution.
An automatic collision avoidance approach for remote control of redundant manipulator

In this paper, a modeling, planning and remote control of a redundant manipulator for a semi-structured ldquounder vehiclerdquo environment is investigated. The geometric characteristic is abstracted by the distance laser sensory information and collision danger is measured in real time to activate the self-motion of reshaping the configuration. To make a real time solution, a intuitive collision avoidance method is presented for planar manipulator. Incorporating the algorithm with the supervisory control framework, a dynamic trajectory planning algorithm is presented for rapidness requirement of bomb disposal tasks. The simulation and experiments prove the effectiveness of presented method.
Distribution of the Ratio of the Largest Eigenvalue to the Trace of Complex Wishart Matrices

This correspondence investigates the statistical properties of the ratio <i>T</i> = λ<sub>1</sub>/Σ<sub>i=1</sub><sup>m</sup>λ<i>i</i> , where are λ<sub>1</sub> ≥ λ<sub>2</sub> ≥ ··· ≥ λ<sub>m</sub> the <i>m</i> eigenvalues of an <i>m</i> × <i>m</i> complex central Wishart matrix <b>W</b> with <i>n</i> degrees of freedom. We derive new exact analytical expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of <i>T</i> for complex central Wishart matrices with arbitrary dimensions. We also formulate simplified statistics of <i>T</i> for the special case of dual uncorrelated and dual correlated complex central Wishart matrices (<i>m</i> = 2) . The investigated ratio <i>T</i> is the most important ratio in blind spectrum sensing, since it represents a sufficient statistics for the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT). Thus, the derived analytical results are used to find the exact decision threshold for the desired probability of false alarm for Blind-GLRT (B-GLRT) detector. It is shown that the exact decision threshold based B-GLRT detector gives superior performance over the asymptotic decision threshold schemes proposed in the literature, which leads to efficient spectrum usage in cognitive radio.
The Simplest Evaluation Measures for XML Information Retrieval that Could Possibly Work

This paper reviews several evaluation measures developed for evaluating XML information retrieval (IR) systems. We argue that these measures, some of which are currently in use by the INitiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval (INEX), are complicated, hard to understand, and hard to explain to users of XML IR systems. To show the value of keeping things simple, we report alternative evaluation results of official evaluation runs submitted to INEX 2004 using simple metrics, and show its value for INEX.
Towards adaptive resource reservations for component-based distributed real-time systems

In this paper we present our ongoing work on developing a framework supporting adaptive resource reservations targeting component-based distributed real-time systems. The components may be spread over different resources in a distributed system. The proposed framework utilizes a reservation-based scheduling technique in which the sizes of reservations are adjusted during run-time to deal with dynamic resource demands of the software components. We present our modeling approach, we describe design options made and we present corresponding challenges.
Internet of Things Environment for Service Creation and Testing IoT.est

WP4 designs and constructs a Service Composite Environment (SCE), agnostic of Internet of Things domains, which facilitates the design of IoT services that easily operate in a variable environment. As part of the IoT.est project this SCE has been developed, taking advantage of already existing tools but going one step further, by considering IoT specific service features. This means that the IoT.est SCE is offering not only capabilities for designing business goal oriented workflows, but constructing composite services and driving tests and all in the same action. For this reason, the SCE incorporates semantic capabilities that have been defined and specified in WP3, as well as deployment and execution options that have been investigated and implemented in WP5. The IoT.est SCE allows the user to deconstruct their business goals into a workflow, search for an atomic service that fulfills the required needs, test this atomic service before adding it to the service composition to check if it is doing what it is expected to do. The SCE then creates the composite service adding the different chosen atomic services; it deploys the composition then in the RTE (Run Time Environment) and tests the composition to check if it is working correctly, before executing it. All of this happens in the same screen without the need to use any additional tool. The interactions between the different components as defined in WP4 and with the client and/or interfaces to interact with the components developed in WP3 and WP5 are also described in this deliverable.
A non-zero variance of Tajima’s estimator for two sequences even for infinitely many unlinked loci

The population-scaled mutation rate, θ, is informative on the effective population size and is thus widely used in population genetics. We show that for two sequences and n unlinked loci, Tajima’s estimator (), which is the average number of pairwise differences, is not consistent and therefore its variance does not vanish even as n → ∞. The non-zero variance of results from a (weak) correlation between coalescence times even at unlinked loci, which, in turn, is due to the underlying fixed pedigree shared by all genealogies. We derive the correlation coefficient under a diploid, discrete-time, Wright-Fisher model, and we also derive a simple, closed-form lower bound. We also obtain empirical estimates of the correlation of coalescence times under demographic models inspired by large-scale human genealogies. While the effect we de scribe is small , it is important to recognize this feature of statistical population genetics, which runs counter to commonly held notions about unlinked loci.
Human airway measurement from CT images

A wide range of pulmonary diseases, including common ones such as COPD, affect the airways. If the dimensions of airway can be measured with high confidence, the clinicians will be able to better diagnose diseases as well as monitor progression and response to treatment. In this paper, we introduce a method to assess the airway dimensions from CT scans, including the airway segments that are not oriented axially. First, the airway lumen is segmented and skeletonized, and subsequently each airway segment is identified. We then represent each airway segment using a segment-centric generalized cylinder model and assess airway lumen diameter (LD) and wall thickness (WT) for each segment by determining inner and outer wall boundaries. The method was evaluated on 14 healthy patients from a Weill Cornell database who had two scans within a 2 month interval. The corresponding airway segments were located in two scans and measured using the automated method. The total number of segments identified in both scans was 131. When 131 segments were considered altogether, the average absolute change over two scans was 0.31 mm for LD and 0.12 mm for WT, with 95% limits of agreement of [-0.85, 0.83] for LD and [-0.32, 0.26] for WT. The results were also analyzed on per-patient basis, and the average absolute change was 0.19 mm for LD and 0.05 mm for WT. 95% limits of agreement for per-patient changes were [-0.57, 0.47] for LD and [-0.16, 0.10] for WT.
Non-College-Bound English Learners as the Underserved Third: How Students Graduate from High School Neither College- nor Career-Ready

Abstract Not all high school students go to college. Yet, because there is currently such a dominant emphasis on “college for all,” preparing non-college-bound students for career-readiness has received short shrift. This issue is particularly important for English learners (ELs) because close to half of high school ELs do not advance to postsecondary education. Through a longitudinal ethnography of two underperforming, non-college-bound ELs, I examine how and why a relatively well-resourced school allowed these students to graduate without college- and career-readiness. I argue that although there were substantial structural inequalities that led to the under-education of the two ELs, educators at the school were largely unaware of such barriers and attributed the ELs’ underachievement to the students’ own deficits. I counter this institutional deficit orientation with alternative stories of student assets that illuminate the substantial strengths and talents that the focal ELs possessed, which, if recognized and integrated into their education, could have led to career-readiness.