Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Economic Value-Added: A Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature

With increasing pressure on firms to deliver shareholder value, there has been a renewed emphasis on devising measures of corporate financial performance and incentive compensation plans that encourage managers to increase shareholder wealth. One professedly recent innovation in the field of internal and external performance measurement is a trade‐marked variant of residual income known as economic value‐added (EVA). This paper attempts to provide a synoptic survey of EVA's conceptual underpinnings and the comparatively few empirical analyses of value‐added performance measures. Special attention is given to the GAAP‐related accounting adjustments involved in EVA‐type calculations.
Purification and Characterization of Sucrose Synthetase from the Shoot of Bamboo Leleba oldhami.

A 108-fold purification of the sucrose synthetase from the extract of the shoot of bamboo Lelaba oldhami was achieved by ammonium sulfate fractionation, calcium phosphate gel adsorption, and chromatographic separations on Sephadex G-100 and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose columns. Some properties of this enzyme, namely thermal and pH stabilities, stabilization by aqueous glycerol, pH optimum, substrate specificities, effects of metallic ions, effects of sulfhydryl reagents, molecular weight, sedimentation constants, isoelectric point, and substrate saturation kinetics had been investigated.The substrate saturation kinetics indicated that the enzyme could be an allosteric enzyme with the saccharide substrates (sucrose and fructose) serving as the homotropic allosteric effectors in regulating the biosynthesis and degradation of sucrose.
Exploring social networks for optimized user association in wireless small cell networks with device-to-device communications

In this paper, we propose a novel social network aware approach for user association in wireless small cell networks. The proposed approach exploits social relationships between user equipments (UEs) and their physical proximity to optimize the network throughput. We formulate the problem as a matching game between UEs and their serving nodes (SNs). In our proposed game, the serving node can be a small cell base station (SCBS) or an important node with device-to-device capabilities. In this game, the SCBSs and UEs maximize their respective utility functions capturing both the spatial and social structures of the network. We show that the proposed game belongs to the class of matching games with externalities. Subsequently, we propose a distributed algorithm using which the SCBSs and UEs interact and reach a stable matching. We show the convergence of the proposed algorithm and study the properties of the resulting matching. Simulation results show that the proposed socially-aware user association approach can efficiently offload traffic while yielding a significant gain reaching up to 63% in terms of data rates as compared to the classical (social-unaware) approach.
Optimized Demand Response Bidding in the Wholesale Market under Scenarios of Prices and Temperatures

Demand aggregators are new market players that represent a group of consumers in the electricity market. This paper proposes an aggregator model responsible for gathering residential and commercial consumers, which has the role of managing their flexible consumption in the day-ahead electricity market. A methodology to optimize the aggregator's bids is also presented. It optimizes the scheduling of the flexible loads taking simultaneously into account the consumers' preferences and temporal trajectories of forecasted outdoor temperatures and electricity prices. The proposed methodology was tested using a case study with 200 residential and commercial consumers from the Iberian market.
My Cray can do that ? Supporting Diverse Workloads on the Cray XE-6

The Cray XE architecture has been optimized to support tightly coupled MPI applications, but there is an increasing need to run more diverse workloads in the scientific and technical computing domains. These needs are being driven by trends such as the increasing need to process “Big Data”. In the scientific arena, this is exemplified by the need to analyze data from instruments ranging from sequencers, telescopes, and X-ray light sources. These workloads are typically throughput oriented and often involve complex task dependencies. Can platforms like the Cray XE line play a role here? In this paper, we will describe tools we have developed to support high-throughput workloads and data intensive applications on NERSC’s Hopper system. These tools include a custom task farmer framework, tools to create virtual private clusters on the Cray, and using Cray’s Cluster Compatibility Mode (CCM) to support more diverse workloads. In addition, we will describe our experience with running Hadoop, a popular open-source implementation of MapReduce, on Cray systems. We will present our experiences with this work including successes and challenges. Finally, we will discuss future directions and how the Cray platforms could be further enhanced to support these class of workloads.
Impact analysis of FFE practices of New Product Development in Japanese companies

Recently, increased attention has been paid to the front end of New Product Development (NPD). In this paper, we report on the key factors for success with regard to the front end activities of NPD in 513 Japanese companies. We develop and test a causal model of relationships among key variables relating to the front end factors and success. The causal model is tested with AMOS using information from 513 completed NPD projects from Japanese manufacturing firms. The results of this study are summarised as follows: First, the more both market uncertainty and technical uncertainties are reduced during the front end, the higher is the effectiveness of NPD projects. Second, the more intensively new projects are planned prior to the start of development, the more both market and technical uncertainties are reduced. Finally, in the industry goods firms, it is easy for managers to develop the initial planning, and it has a greater impact on reduction of market uncertainty compared to the consumer goods firms. In contrast, as it is very difficult for managers in consumer goods firms to develop an initial plan, managers involve several function members within their project team, and often bring in external resources to reduce market uncertainty.
Using Regulatory Benchmarking Techniques to Set Company Performance Targets: The Case of US Electricity

Consolidation in many sectors has lead to the formation of “groups of companies”. Extracting all the potential cost savings from these independent or separate operating units is a challenge given asymmetric information. We develop a step-by-step approach that applies regulatory benchmarking techniques to set efficiency targets for operating units. Holding company management – like a regulator – will want to set targets to encourage efficient operation but in the absence of full information on effort, costs and environmental conditions. Our approach using the parallel with regulation incorporates issues such as measurement error and potential environmental factors that could influence the underlying efficiency score. We demonstrate the approach using data from the US electricity distribution sector and show that substantial savings can be extracted using this approach that was originally developed for regulatory purposes.
Multivalent Documents: A New Model for Digital Documents

"Multivalent documents" is a model of documents that addresses some of the shortcomings one currently encounters when manipulating documents in digital form. In the multivalent document model, a document is composed out of distributed data and program resources, called layers and behaviors, respectively. The model exposes virtually all aspects of document processing to behaviors, and provides the means to compose these components into a single coherent document. Behaviors allow the model to be highly extensible, including the capability to be extended to work with arbitrary document formats. We have implemented the model in Java, and developed behaviors that support multiple document types (scanned page images, HTML, and ASCII) and a number of different user-interface metaphors (e.g., "lenses" and "Notemarks"). The multivalent document model enables one to better use digital documents for tasks in which paper documents are still otherwise superior to digital documents, such as annotating someone else''s document. We have shown how the model is naturally conducive to realizing powerful forms of distributed, open annotation by implementing a variety of annotation types, some familiar and some novel.
Development of Adolescents' Self-Perceptions, Values, and Task Perceptions According to Gender and Domain in 7th- through llth-Grade

Latent growth models estimated developmental trajectories for adolescents' math and English self-perceptions (perceived talent, success expectancies), values (intrinsic, utility) and task perceptions (task difficulty, effort required). A longitudinal cohort-sequential study included 1,323 participants spanning Grades 7 to 11, with Occasion 1 mean ages 13.19, 12.36, and 14.41, respectively, for Cohorts 1, 2, and 3. Self-perceptions and values declined through adolescence, and ratings about difficulty and effort required increased. Gender differences favored boys for math and girls for English, with little evidence for gender intensification or gender convergence hypotheses. Explanations reference socialization and social-cognitive developmental theories and features of the curricula, with domain-specific patterns implying domain-specific explanations. Existing research is extended by modeling a broadened set of social-cognitive constructs within the Australian context. Expectancy-value theory is one of the major frameworks for achievement motivation and was developed to explain students' gendered choices and achievement in relation to math. Wigfield and Eccles (2000) have provided an overview of this framework. Within it, success expectancies and the subjective valuation of success are the most proximal influences on achievement-related choices and behaviors, and these are in turn predicted by ability perceptions as well as perceived task demands. The work of Eccles, Wigfield, and colleagues has demonstrated that expectancies and values relate to achievement-related
Interest rate pass-through in the Eurozone and the USA : implications for monetary policy in the context of the recent financial crisis

We examine the interest rate transmission mechanism for the Eurozone and the USA and discuss this issue in the light of the recent financial market tensions. For an efficient monetary policy, any change in the central bank policy rate is meant to be transmitted to retail interest rates, ultimately influencing consumer and business lending rates and therefore aggregate domestic demand and output. The disaggregated GETS methodology is employed, which allows us to reveal the relative importance of the central bank and money market rates as policy vehicle variables in the two banking systems. Our empirical results for the two banking systems are rather mixed as far as it concerns the pass-through transmission and completeness. We also refer to the lessons learned prior to and after the collapse of the monetary and financial system on both sides of the Atlantic. We believe that this study has interesting policy insights and provides certain policy suggestions, which might be useful for the regulatory authorities in their attempt to monitor and reinforce monetary policy effectiveness. J.E. L. Classification: E52, E43, C22.
The Estimation of Threshold Models in Price Transmission Analysis

The threshold vector error correction model is a popular tool for the analysis of spatial price transmission and market integration. In the literature, the profi le likelihood estimator is the preferred choice for estimating this model. Yet, in certain settings this estimator performs poorly. In particular, if the true thresholds are such that one or more regimes contain only a small number of observations, if unknown model parameters are numerous or if parameters diff er little between regimes, the profi le likelihood estimator displays large bias and variance. Such settings are likely when studying price transmission. For simpler, but related threshold models Greb et al. (2011) have developed an alternative estimator, the regularized Bayesian estimator, which does not exhibit these weaknesses. We explore the properties of this estimator for threshold vector error correction models. Simulation results show that it outperforms the profi le likelihood estimator, especially in situations in which the pro file likelihood estimator fails. Two empirical applications - a reassessment of the the seminal paper by Goodwin and Piggott (2001), and an analysis of price transmission between German and Spanish markets for pork - demonstrate the relevance of the new approach for spatial price transmission analysis.
A cis-acting five-amino-acid motif controls targeting of ABCC2 to the apical plasma membrane domain

Summary ATP-binding cassette transporter isoform C2 (ABCC2) is exclusively targeted to the apical plasma membrane of polarized cells. Although apical localization of ABCC2 in hepatocytes is crucial for the biliary excretion of a variety of metabolites, the mechanism regulating its apical targeting is poorly understood. In the present study, an apical targeting signal was identified in the first cytoplasmic loop domain (CLD1) of ABCC2 in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of CLD1 significantly disturbed the apical targeting of FLAG−ABCC2 in a competitive manner, suggesting the presence of a saturable sorting machinery in HepG2 cells. Next, deletion analysis identified a potential targeting sequence within a 20-amino-acid long peptide (aa 272–291) of CLD1. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of this region in full-length ABCC2 further narrowed down the apical targeting determinant to five amino acids, S283QDAL287. Of these, S283 and L287 were found to be conserved among vertebrate ABCC2 orthologs. Site-directed mutagenesis showed that both S283 and L287 were crucial for the targeting specificity of ABCC2. Introducing this apical targeting sequence into the corresponding region of ABCC1, an exclusively basolateral protein, caused the hybrid ABCC1 to partially localize in the apical membrane. Thus, the CLD1 of ABCC2 contains a novel apical sorting determinant, and a saturable sorting machinery is present in polarized HepG2 cells.
Supervision During Child Welfare System Reform: Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Case Manager Implementation of a New Practice Model

The purpose of this research was to learn from public child welfare case managers what they wanted from direct supervisors during times of organizational change. Case managers were interviewed about how supervisors supported or hindered their use of a new model of practice. Data were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Findings indicated that case managers want supervisors to communicate with them about how to perform their jobs under the new model and support to help alleviate the stress they experience from the uncertainty of organizational change.
Less Extreme Programming

Industrial practice in software engineering has developed in recent years from rigid heavyweight document-based development techniques, such as the Rational Unified Process, to incorporate more agile, iterative, communication-centric approaches such as Extreme Programming. This shift has created a need for a similar shift in software engineering education. We report our experience of incorporating an Extreme Programming option into an existing document-centric software project course. While students taking the option were generally positive about Extreme Programming, the projects' external clients had a more mixed experience.
Implementing a parallel C++ runtime system for scalable parallel systems

pC++ is a language extension to C++ designed to allow programmers to compose concurrent aggregate collection classes which can be aligned and distributed over the memory hierarchy of a parallel machine in a manner modeled on the High Performance Fortran Forum (HPFF) directives for Fortran 90. pC++ allows the user to write portable and efficient code which will run on a wide range of scalable parallel computer systems. The first version of the compiler is a preprocessor which generates Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) C++ code. Currently, it runs on the Thinking Machine CM-5, the Intel Paragon, the BBN TC2000, the Kendall Square Research KSR-1, and the Sequent Symmetry. The authors describe the implementation of the runtime system, which provides the concurrency and communication primitives between objects in a distributed collection. To illustrate the behavior of the runtime system, they include a description and performance results on four benchmark programs.
Kafka and Its Using in High-throughput and Reliable Message Distribution

Nowadays, with the rapid development of distributed computing, message distribution has been more and more important to distributed systems. Kafka was developed to collect and distribute massive messages for distributed systems. It is a high-throughput distributed messaging system. Kafka can always keep stable performance even if it processes millions of messages per second. Messages are persistent in Kafka, and Kafka is able to scale out easily. Besides, it is suitable for both online and offline processing simultaneously. Existing messaging systems all have some disadvantages. In comparison with these messaging systems, Kafka has superior performance. Therefore, Kafka has already been successfully used in production by some companies for a certain time. Though Kafka is still able to be improved in some aspects, it's expected to have broad development prospects.
Abusive supervision and employee creativity: The mediating role of psychological safety and organizational identification

Purpose – Prior researches have indicated that leadership had an important impact on employee creativity. However, the authors know little about the link between the dark side of leadership-abusive supervision, and employee creativity, as well as its underlying mechanisms. Combining psychological safety theory and social identification theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between abusive supervision and employee creativity and the mediating role of psychological safety and organizational identification between abusive supervision and employee creativity. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conducted a multi-source and time-lagged data collection. At Time 1, team members evaluated abusive supervision and psychological safety, and at Time 2, team members evaluated organization identification, and team leaders evaluated members’ creativity. Abusive supervision, psychological safety were evaluated at first stage and organizational identification, creativity were evaluated at .
Implementing Strassen's Algorithm with BLIS

We dispel with "street wisdom" regarding the practical implementation of Strassen's algorithm for matrix-matrix multiplication (DGEMM). Conventional wisdom: it is only practical for very large matrices. Our implementation is practical for small matrices. Conventional wisdom: the matrices being multiplied should be relatively square. Our implementation is practical for rank-k updates, where k is relatively small (a shape of importance for libraries like LAPACK). Conventional wisdom: it inherently requires substantial workspace. Our implementation requires no workspace beyond buffers already incorporated into conventional high-performance DGEMM implementations. Conventional wisdom: a Strassen DGEMM interface must pass in workspace. Our implementation requires no such workspace and can be plug-compatible with the standard DGEMM interface. Conventional wisdom: it is hard to demonstrate speedup on multi-core architectures. Our implementation demonstrates speedup over conventional DGEMM even on an Intel(R) Xeon Phi(TM) coprocessor utilizing 240 threads. We show how a distributed memory matrix-matrix multiplication also benefits from these advances.
Repeatability of metabolic rate is lower for animals living under field versus laboratory conditions

ABSTRACT Metabolic rate has been linked to several components of fitness and is both heritable and repeatable to a certain extent. However, its repeatability can differ among studies, even after controlling for the time interval between measurements. Some of this variation in repeatability might be due to the relative stability of the environmental conditions in which the animals are living between measurements. We compared published repeatability estimates for basal, resting and maximum metabolic rate from studies of endotherms living in the laboratory with those living in the wild during the interval between measurements. We found that repeatability declines over time, as demonstrated previously, but show for the first time that estimates from free-living animals are also considerably lower than those from animals living under more stable laboratory conditions. Summary: Individual metabolic rates are generally repeatable, but repeatability not only declines with time interval between measurements but is also lower for animals living under field versus more stable laboratory conditions.
The nature of the minimal 'selenocysteine insertion sequence' (SECIS) in Escherichia coli.

The UGA codon, usually a stop codon, can also direct the incorporation into a protein of the modified amino acid selenocysteine. This UGA decoding process requires a cis -acting mRNA element called 'selenocysteine insertion sequence' (SECIS) that can form a stem-loop structure. In Escherichia coli the SECIS of the selenoprotein formate dehydrogenase (FdhH) mRNA has been previously described to consist of at least 40 nucleotides following the UGA codon. Here we determined the nature of the minimal SECIS required for the in vivo UGA-directed selenocysteine incorporation in E.coli . Our study is based on extensive mutational analysis of the fdhF SECIS DNA located in a lac' Z fusion. We found that the whole stem-loop RNA structure of the E.coli fdhF SECIS previously described is not required for the UGA-directed selenocysteine incorporation in vivo . Rather, only its upper stem-loop structure of 17 nucleotides is necessary on the condition that it is located in a proper distance (11 nucleotides) from the UGA codon. Based on these observations, we present a new model for the minimal E.coli SECIS.
A New Topic Filter Based on Maximum Entropy Model

Because of the large web scale and the information requirement for special field, focuse2825453011d search has attracted more and more people. For the complexity of natural language, there are ambiguous for a word itself, and which will take some trouble for topic filter. For the two main problems, false positive and false negative, this paper proposes two new methods separately. By machine learning, we construct a guide model with the maximum entropy principle, by which we can filter the noise pages out easily and by KNN method, the false negative problem will be solved easily. The experiment shows that our model or method really out performs the base-line method.