Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of the Mobile Malware Detection Approaches

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets are extremely widespread nowadays. These devices provide users with a wide range of applications for commercial and public use. However, the contents of applications and their full behavior are not always properly reviewed which makes the presence of malware in the application marketplaces possible. Mobile security researchers have proposed many effective solutions for detection and prevention of malicious applications on mobile devices. This paper provides a comprehensive review and comparison of the most recent (dated mostly 2011 -2013) approaches to mobile malware detection.
Contemporary speech/speaker recognition with speech from impaired vocal apparatus

Speech is the effective form of communication between human and its environment. Speech also has potential of being important mode of interaction with computer. This review paper deals with both speech and speaker recognition of persons with speech motor disorders. Normally speaker recognition consists of speaker verification and speaker identification. Speaker identification is the process of determining which registered speaker provides a given input sample. Speaker verification is the process of accepting or rejecting the identity claim of a speaker. On the other hand, the speech recognition system deals with the following challenges such as speech representation, feature extraction techniques, speech classifiers, databases and performance evaluation. Motor speech disorders are a class of speech disorder that disturbs the body's natural ability to speak. These disturbances vary in their etiology based on the integrity and integration of cognitive, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal activities. There are various types of speech disorders like Apraxia, Cluttering (similar to stuttering), Dyspraxia, Dysarthria, Dysprosody and so on. The main objective of this review paper is to summarize and compare the well known methods used in various stages of speech and speaker recognition system.
Runtime Monitoring for Cyber-physical Systems: A Case Study of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) involve deep interactions between computation cores, communication networks, and physical environments. These systems are inherently complex and highly nondeterministic. This makes the traditional formal verification technology impractical to verify the complete system behavior, and testing alone is insufficient to guarantee correctness. Runtime monitoring, known as a lightweight verification technique, provides a practical way to monitor and verify such systems at runtime. In this paper, we present a case study for runtime monitoring of the Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control systems (CACC) in automobile CPS systems. We build a hybrid automaton-based model for the CACC system using the CHARON modeling language and construct an event-based runtime monitoring framework. The synthesized monitor observes the running of CACC and checks whether it works correctly against the temporal logic safety specification. Experimental results obtained through this case study provide evidence for the efficacy of runtime monitoring of CPS systems.
Multi-view repetitive structure detection

Symmetry, especially repetitive structures in architecture are universally demonstrated across countries and cultures. Existing detection methods mainly focus on the detection of planar patterns from a single image. It is difficult to apply them to detect repetitive structures in architecture, which abounds with non-planar 3D repetitive elements (such as balconies and windows) and curved surfaces. We study the repetitive structure detection problem from multiple images of such architecture. Our method jointly analyzes these images and a set of 3D points reconstructed from them by structure-from-motion algorithms. 3D points help to rectify geometric deformations and hypothesize possible lattice structures, while images provide denser color and texture information to evaluate and confirm these hypotheses. In the experiments, we compare our method with existing algorithm. We also show how our results might be used to assist image-based modeling.
The Variability of Seyfert 1.8 and 1.9 Galaxies at 1.6 Microns

We present a study of Seyfert 1.5-2.0 galaxies observed at two epochs with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) at 1.6 μm. We find that unresolved nuclear emission from nine of 14 nuclei varies at the level of 10%-40% on timescales of 0.7-14 months, depending upon the galaxy. A control sample of Seyfert galaxies lacking unresolved sources and galaxies lacking Seyfert nuclei show less than 3% instrumental variation in equivalent aperture measurements. This proves that the unresolved sources are nonstellar and associated with the central parsecs of active galactic nuclei. Unresolved sources in Seyfert 1.8 and 1.9 galaxies are not usually detected in HST optical surveys; however, high angular resolution infrared observations will provide a way to measure time delays in these galaxies.
Washout allometric reference method (WARM) for parametric analysis of [11C]PIB in human brains

Rapid clearance and disappearance of a tracer from the circulation challenges the determination of the tracer's binding potentials in brain (BPND) by positron emission tomography (PET). This is the case for the analysis of the binding of radiolabeled [11C]Pittsburgh Compound B ([11C]PIB) to amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). To resolve the issue of rapid clearance from the circulation, we here introduce the flow-independent Washout Allometric Reference Method (WARM) for the analysis of washout and binding of [11C]PIB in two groups of human subjects, healthy aged control subjects (HC), and patients suffering from AD, and we compare the results to the outcome of two conventional analysis methods. We also use the rapid initial clearance to obtain a surrogate measure of the rate of cerebral blood flow (CBF), as well as a method of identifying a suitable reference region directly from the [11C]PIB signal. The difference of average absolute CBF values between the AD and HC groups was highly significant (P < 0.003). The CBF measures were not significantly different between the groups when normalized to cerebellar gray matter flow. Thus, when flow differences confound conventional measures of [11C]PIB binding, the separate estimates of CBF and BPND provide additional information about possible AD. The results demonstrate the importance of data-driven estimation of CBF and BPND, as well as reference region detection from the [11C]PIB signal. We conclude that the WARM method yields stable measures of BPND with relative ease, using only integration for noise reduction and no model regression. The method accounts for relative flow differences in the brain tissue and yields a calibrated measure of absolute CBF directly from the [11C]PIB signal. Compared to conventional methods, WARM optimizes the Aβ plaque load discrimination between patients with AD and healthy controls (P = 0.009).
On the Influence of Affect in EEG-Based Subject Identification

Biometric signals have been extensively used for user identification and authentication due to their inherent characteristics that are unique to each person. The variation exhibited between the brain signals (EEG) of different people makes such signals especially suitable for biometric user identification. However, the characteristics of these signals are also influenced by the user’s current condition, including his/her affective state. In this paper, we analyze the significance of the affect-related component of brain signals within the subject identification context. Consistent results are obtained across three different public datasets, suggesting that the dominant component of the signal is subject-related, but the affective state also has a contribution that affects identification accuracy. Results show that identification accuracy increases when the system has been trained with EEG recordings that refer to similar affective states as the sample that is to be identified. This improvement holds independently of the features and classification algorithm used, and it is generally above 10 percent under a rigorous setting, when the training and validation datasets do not share data from the same recording days. This finding emphasizes the potential benefits of considering affective information in applications that require subject identification, such as user authentication.
General Selection Criteria to Mitigate the Impact of NLoS Errors in RTT Measurements for Mobile Positioning

In this contribution, a new mobile station (MS) localization method is provided using round trip time (RTT) measurements in the UMTS-FDD. Three or more base stations (BS) performing RTT measurements of a signal from a mobile station (MS) are necessary for its localization. However, when some of the measurements are from non-line-of-sight (NLoS) paths, the location errors can be very large. We propose a method that takes into account possible large RTT error measurements caused by NLoS. To this end, the new method measures the best coherence between the RTT estimates and allows the mobile to select the three most reliable measures among the whole available RTT measurements. This method does not depend on a particular distribution of the NLoS error. Realistic simulations show the gain of positioning accuracy provided by the proposed algorithm.
Content based video retrieval using integrated feature extraction and personalization of results

Traditional video retrieval methods fail to meet technical challenges due to large and rapid growth of multimedia data, demanding effective retrieval systems. In the last decade Content Based Video Retrieval (CBVR) has become more and more popular. The amount of lecture video data on the World Wide Web (WWW) is growing rapidly. Therefore, a more efficient method for video retrieval in WWW or within large video archives is urgently needed. This paper presents an implementation of automated video indexing and video search in large video database and also present personalized results. Proposed system works in three different phases, in the first phase video segmentation and key frame detection is performed to extract meaningful key frames. Secondly, OCR, HOG and ASR algorithms are applied over the keyframe to extract textual keyword. In the third phase, Color, Texture and Edge features are also extracted. Finally, search similarity measure is performed on the extracted features that are saved in SQL database and the output with personalised re-ranking results as per interest is presented to the users.
The role of bilingual interactional contexts in predicting interindividual variability in executive functions: A latent variable analysis.

Despite a growing number of studies on bilingual advantages in executive functions (EF), their findings have been inconsistent. To shed light on this issue, we aimed to address both the conceptual and methodological limitations that have prevailed in the literature: failure to consider diverse bilingual experiences when assessing bilingual advantages or to address the task impurity problems that can arise with EF tasks. Drawing on the adaptive control hypothesis and control process model of code-switching, we adopted theory-driven and latent variable approaches to examine the relations between bilingual interactional contexts and EF. By administering 9 EF tasks to 175 bilingual participants over multiple sessions, we found that bilinguals' dual-language context significantly predicted the latent variable of task-switching, while a dense code-switching context significantly predicted 2 latent variables of inhibitory control and goal maintenance. These findings remained robust after controlling for potential confounds of demographics, socioeconomic status, nonverbal intelligence, and unintended language-switching tendency. Our study suggests that bilingual interactional context is a key language experience that modulates bilingual advantages in EF. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Beyond Word Frequency: Bursts, Lulls, and Scaling in the Temporal Distributions of Words

Background Zipf's discovery that word frequency distributions obey a power law established parallels between biological and physical processes, and language, laying the groundwork for a complex systems perspective on human communication. More recent research has also identified scaling regularities in the dynamics underlying the successive occurrences of events, suggesting the possibility of similar findings for language as well. Methodology/Principal Findings By considering frequent words in USENET discussion groups and in disparate databases where the language has different levels of formality, here we show that the distributions of distances between successive occurrences of the same word display bursty deviations from a Poisson process and are well characterized by a stretched exponential (Weibull) scaling. The extent of this deviation depends strongly on semantic type – a measure of the logicality of each word – and less strongly on frequency. We develop a generative model of this behavior that fully determines the dynamics of word usage. Conclusions/Significance Recurrence patterns of words are well described by a stretched exponential distribution of recurrence times, an empirical scaling that cannot be anticipated from Zipf's law. Because the use of words provides a uniquely precise and powerful lens on human thought and activity, our findings also have implications for other overt manifestations of collective human dynamics.
LTCC 3-D resonators applied to the design of very compact filters for Q-band applications

We propose a new low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) U-shaped resonator. The advantages of LTCC technology are employed to design this three-dimensional (3-D) lambdag/2 resonator. The latter is modeled and optimized by 3-D electromagnetic simulations and is validated by experimental results. In order to validate the coupling between these resonators, a two-pole filter, functioning around 39 GHz, has then been designed and realized with success. Finally, two very compact three-pole bandpass filters have been conceived for a Q-band duplexer design. On the one hand, a filter has been designed around 38 GHz and presents a transmission zero in the upper band. On the other hand, an other filter functioning at 40.7 GHz is presented with a transmission zero in the lower band. Experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical ones
Genetic and environmental influences on the relationship between peer alcohol use and own alcohol use in adolescents

Aims Genetically influenced aspects of adolescent behaviour can play a role in alcohol use and peer affiliation. We explored the correlations between friends' alcohol use and adolescent own use with a genetically sensitive design. Design Genetic and environmental factors were estimated on adolescent reports of their friends' alcohol use and their own use and problem use of alcohol. The correlations between the genetic and environmental factors that influence friends' alcohol use and adolescent own alcohol use and problem use were also estimated. Participants A total of 862 twin pairs aged 11–17 years sampled from the UK population-based Cardiff Study of All Wales and North-west of England Twins (CaStANET). Measurements Data on adolescent own alcohol use and problem use and the alcohol use of their three best friends were obtained using self-report questionnaires. Findings A significant genetic influence was found on adolescent friends' alcohol use (about 30%). Significant correlations of 0.60 and 0.70 were found between the genetic influences on friends' alcohol use and adolescents' own use and problem use of alcohol. Common environmental influences were almost completely correlated for friends' alcohol use and adolescents' own alcohol use and problem use (0.91 and 0.94). Conclusions There is considerable overlap in the common environmental and genetic factors that contribute to the relationship between adolescents' own alcohol use and that of their friends. These findings contribute to understanding of the mechanisms by which friends' alcohol use influences adolescent drinking behaviour.
Small Cell Lung Cancer − Cytosine Methylation Profiles as a Molecular Marker in Non

Aberrant promoter methylation is frequently observed in different types of lung cancer. Epigenetic modifications are believed to occur before the clinical onset of the disease and hence hold a great promise as early detection markers. Extensive analysis of DNA methylation has been impeded by methods that are either too labor intensive to allow largescale studies or not sufficiently quantitative to measure subtle changes in the degree of methylation. We used a novel quantitative DNA methylation analysis technology to complete a large-scale cytosine methylation profiling study involving 47 gene promoter regions in 96 lung cancer patients. Each individual contributed a lung cancer specimen and corresponding adjacent normal tissue. The study identified six genes with statistically significant differences in methylation between normal and tumor tissue (P < 10 ). We explored the quantitative methylation data using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm. The data analysis revealed that methylation patterns differentiate normal from tumor tissue. For validation of our approach, we divided the samples to train a classifier and test its performance. We were able to distinguish normal from lung cancer tissue with >95% sensitivity and specificity. These results show that quantitative cytosine methylation profiling can be used to identify molecular classification markers in lung cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(22): 10911-8)
Locality and Duplication-Aware Garbage Collection for Flash Memory-Based Virtual Memory Systems

As embedded systems adopt monolithic kernels, NAND flash memory is used for swap space of virtual memory systems. While flash memory has the advantages of low-power consumption, shock-resistance and non-volatility, it requires garbage collections due to its erase-before-write characteristic. The efficiency of garbage collection scheme largely affects the performance of flash memory. This paper proposes a novel garbage collection technique which exploits data redundancy between the main memory and flash memory in flash memory-based virtual memory systems. The proposed scheme takes the locality of data into consideration to minimize the garbage collection overhead. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed garbage collection scheme improves performance by 37% on average compared to previous schemes.
Fabrication and characterization of all-plastic flexible microfluidic chip using thermal

Lab on a chip (LoC) is a device which integrates the function of bio-chemical laboratory into a single chip. The microfluid which flows within the chip is analyzed biochemically for certain purposes, e.g. for biomedical or environmental analysis. LoC is commonly found in a form of chip with thin glass, silicon, or PDMS. In this paper, we report our work on fabrication of all-plastic flexible microfluidic chip for LoC with affordable thermal lamination of patterned plastic sheet. We successfully made cross-shaped channel and Y-serpentine channel. The chip has a footprint of 7.6 cm in length and 2.5 cm in breadth, having average channels' width of 226 μm and average thickness of 137 μm. The functionality of the chip was demonstrated through electro-osmotic flow.
RECOGNITION OF VIRAL GLYCOPROTEINS BY INFLUENZA A-SPECIFIC CROSS-REACTIVE CYTOLYTIC T LYMPHOCYTES

After infection with unrelated viruses such as paramyxoviruses, orthomyxoviruses, poxviruses, and rhabdoviruses (1) mice generate cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) 1 that possess selective specificity for the sensitizing virus. However, after infection with different subtypes of serologically distinct influenza A viruses (2) at least more than one population of C T L can be demonstrated. Both cross-reactive and subtype-specific lymphocytes can be distinguished (3-12). These cross-reactive effector T ceils may lack the discriminatory capacity for influenza antigens shown by the B cell products, or they may recognize a shared antigenic determinant. Because the question of the nature of antigens recognized by T cells, as well as the structure and composition of the T cell receptor, is not yet clear, the orthomyxoviruses offer a biological relevant system for the analysis of T cell specificity. The subtypes of influenza A viruses differ with respect to the antigenicity of the envelope glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (N). HA and N are inserted into the plasma membrane of cells during the budding process that results in virus release from the infected cells (13, 14). The internal virion components, the matrix (M) protein and the ribonucleoprotein (NP), of all influenza A viruses seem to be closely related antigenically. The cell-membrane expression of antigens is a prerequisite for T cell recognition (15-17). The work of several authors has therefore centered on the question of membrane expression of these antigens. M protein has now been detected on the cell membrane, and, consequently, it has been claimed that the cross-reactive T cell may recognize this protein (8, 18-22). This study aims to clarify the role of M protein in the C T L response. Target cells were prepared by two different methods. First by abortive infection of L-929 cells
Jordanian twelfth-grade science teachers’ self-reported usage of science and engineering practices in the next generation science standards

ABSTRACT This study investigated the degree that Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) criteria from the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) were included in self-reported teaching practices of twelfth-grade science teachers in Jordan. This study sampled (n = 315) science teachers recruited from eight different public school directorates. The sample was surveyed using an instrument adapted from Kawasaki (2015). Results found that Jordanian science teachers incorporate (SEPs) in their classroom teaching at only a moderate level. SEPs applied most frequently included ‘using the diagram, table or graphic through instructions to clarify the subject of a new science,’ and to ‘discuss with the students how to interpret the quantitative data from the experiment or investigation’. The practice with the lowest frequency was ‘teach a lesson on interpreting statistics or quantitative data,’ which was moderately applied. No statistically significant differences at (α = 0.05) were found among these Jordanian science teachers’ self-estimations of (SEP) application into their own teaching according to the study’s demographic variables (specialisation, educational qualification, teaching experience). However, a statistically significant difference at (α = 0.05) was found among Jordanian high school science teachers’ practice means based on gender, with female teachers using SEPs at a higher rate than male teachers.