Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MoS2 transistors with 1-nanometer gate lengths

A flatter route to shorter channels High-performance silicon transistors can have gate lengths as short as 5 nm before source-drain tunneling and loss of electrostatic control lead to unacceptable leakage current when the device is off. Desai et al. explored the use of MoS2 as a channel material, given that its electronic properties as thin layers should limit such leakage. A transistor with a 1-nm physical gate was constructed with a MoS2 bilayer channel and a single-walled carbon nanotube gate electrode. Excellent switching characteristics and an on-off state current ratio of ∼106 were observed. Science, this issue p. 99 Molybdenum disulfide transistors with carbon nanotube gate electrodes have channel lengths below the silicon scaling limit. Scaling of silicon (Si) transistors is predicted to fail below 5-nanometer (nm) gate lengths because of severe short channel effects. As an alternative to Si, certain layered semiconductors are attractive for their atomically uniform thickness down to a monolayer, lower dielectric constants, larger band gaps, and heavier carrier effective mass. Here, we demonstrate molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) transistors with a 1-nm physical gate length using a single-walled carbon nanotube as the gate electrode. These ultrashort devices exhibit excellent switching characteristics with near ideal subthreshold swing of ~65 millivolts per decade and an On/Off current ratio of ~106. Simulations show an effective channel length of ~3.9 nm in the Off state and ~1 nm in the On state.
From Ideology to Inquiry: Mediating Asian and Western Values in ELT Practice ∗

This paper argues that while ideology may play a decisive role in choosing materials as well as methods, teachers can mediate ideological differences and become innovative, creative through a change of mindset. In this process of ideological mediation, teachers need to free themselves from methodological dogmatism and cultural stereotypes and look for alternatives which blend the best practices from their own and Western culture. In order to mediate ideological differences in language teaching methodology, I recommend an imitation-indigenizationinnovation model for teachers to try out in their classroom. In the conclusion I argue that teachers determine educational quality and play a central role in educational innovation. For successful change, it is critical that teachers’ continuing professional development be improved in ways that ease their fears that their cultural values, attitudes, and beliefs are being threatened or attacked.
The Cytotoxin‐Hemolysin Genes of Human and Eel Pathogenic Vibrio vulnificus Strains: Comparison of Nucleotide Sequences and Application to the Genetic Grouping

Vibrio vulnificus can be divided into two groups on the basis of pathogenesis. Group 1 is pathogenic only to humans, whereas group 2 is pathogenic to eels and occasionally to humans. Although both groups produce a 50‐kDa cytotoxin‐hemolysin (V. vulnificus hemolysin; VVH), the toxins are different. In the present study, the nucleotide sequence of the toxin gene (vvhA) of strain CDC B3547 (a group 2 strain) was determined, and the deduced amino acid sequence was compared to that of strain L‐180 (a group 1 strain). The nucleotide sequence of vvhA of strain CDC B3547 was about 96% identical with that of strain L‐180, which results in a difference of 3 amino acid residues in the C‐terminal lectin domain of VVH. Nevertheless, two primer sets for polymerase chain reaction could be designed to differentiate the toxin gene of each strain. When 27 V. vulnificus clinical isolates were tested, group 1 strains (9 strains) were shown to react only to the primers designed for vvhA of strain L‐180; whereas, the gene of group 2 strains (18 strains) could be amplified with the primers for vvhA of strain CDC B3547. These findings may lead to development of a novel genetic grouping system related to the virulence potential or to the host range.
Persuasive Email Messages for Patient Communication

To improve health and reduce costs, we need to encourage patients to make better health care decisions. Since email is widely available, it may be useful for patient-directed interventions. However, we know little about how the contents of an email message can influence a health-related decision. We propose a model to understand how patients may process persuasive email messages.
High-Temperature Photon-Noise-Limited Performance Terahertz Quantum-Well Photodetectors

In this paper, we propose using a terahertz quantum-well photodetector (THz QWP) in combination with a terahertz source to realize a detection system with photon-noise limited performance (PLIP) at high temperatures. Systematical investigations on the high-temperature performances of THz QWPs, including required signal power density for PLIP, detectivity, and the signal-to-noise ratio, have been carried out by elaborating their dark current mechanism and photocurrent response both experimentally and theoretically. We also present the optimal doping concentration of THz QWPs designed for different peak wavelengths and the resulting optimum performance regarding the above three key parameters. Numerical results show that optimal designed QWP with peak response frequency of 5.5 THz is expected to achieve PLIP at 77 K at signal power density at 819 W/cm 2 and above. This work gives a precise description of PLIP performance of THz QWPs and will open ways for new applications for high-temperature detection in the THz regime.
American Geriatrics Society/Association of Directors of Geriatric Academic Programs Curricular Milestones for Graduating Geriatric Fellows

This article describes the curricular milestones for geriatric fellows and the process used to develop them. The curricular milestones were developed to determine what every graduating geriatric fellow should be able to demonstrate to ensure that they will be able to practice effectively and safely in all care settings and with different older adult populations. Three major domains were identified: Caring for the Elderly Patient, Systems‐Based Care for Elder Patients, and Geriatric Syndromes. Six hundred thirty‐five geriatricians each reviewed and commented on one domain. These geriatricians represented important stakeholder groups: geriatric fellowship program directors; Association of Directors of Geriatric Academic Programs (ADGAP) members, who are primarily geriatric program and fellowship directors; the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) and ADGAP Education Committee; the AGS Teacher's Section; Geriatric Academic Career Award awardees; and through the American Board of Internal Medicine and the American Board of Family Medicine, board‐certified geriatricians who spend more than 50% of their time in clinical practice. The AGS and ADGAP boards approved the final set of 76 Geriatric Curricular Milestones, which were posted on the Portal of Geriatric Online Education in December 2012. These curricular milestones are intended to assist geriatric fellowship directors as they develop curricula and assessments to inform program director reporting to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in the Next Accreditation System, which begins in July 2014.
Research on Knowledge Employees' Work Engagement and Work-related Flow on the Perspective of Self-determination

This research was conducted to explore the relationship of knowledge employees’ psychological empowerment, work engagement and work-related flow on the perspective of self-determination. Through statistical analysis and structural equation model test of survey, data collected from 505 knowledge employees in China, the results indicated: psychological empowerment has a significant predictive effect on knowledgeable employees’ work engagement and work-related flow; basic psychological needs have a part intermediary effect on the relationship of psychological empowerment, work engagement and work-related flow.
3D ultrasound-based dynamic and transient elastography: first in vitro results

3D magnetic resonance (MR) elastography is a well-established technique based on monochromatic mechanical excitations to study soft tissue mechanical properties. MR imaging observations are used to calculate tissue viscoelastic properties and has been validated in vivo, but the technique is limited by the acquisition time (about ten minutes). We study the feasibility of performing 3D dynamic elastography using an ultrasound based imaging system. The ultrasound approach provides a low cost system and reduces the acquisition time by a factor of 300 (to about 2 seconds). Two ultrasonic arrays are moved perpendicularly using a stepper-motor-control positioning system to acquire ultrasonic images in a given volume of interest. Mechanical excitation is induced by a 20 mm square plate linked to an external vibrator. Displacements induced by the vibrator are calculated from ultrasound images using a 2-dimensional estimator (Tanter, M. et al., 2002). Each ultrasonic array is able to calculate in-plane (axial and lateral) displacements. Lateral displacements are the same from both arrays and are averaged. The configuration leads to the estimation of the three displacement components in a full 3D area. Imaging sequences for 3D displacements have been realized. Experiments were conducted in a phantom mimicking heterogeneous tissue with two harder inclusions. 3D shear elasticity, viscosity and anisotropy maps of the studied phantoms are presented and show the feasibility of building a full ultrasound based system for 3D dynamic elastography providing a complete description of tissue mechanical properties in a few seconds.
An Immunohistochemical Method for Identifying Fibroblasts in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Tissue

Fibroblasts are critical for tissue homeostasis, and their inappropriate proliferation and activation can result in common and debilitating conditions including fibrosis and cancer. We currently have a poor understanding of the mechanisms that control the growth and activation of fibroblasts in vivo, in part because of a lack of suitable fibroblast markers. We have taken advantage of an antibody previously shown to stain stromal cells in frozen tissues (TE-7) and identified conditions in which it can be used to stain fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the paraffin-embedded tissue samples routinely collected for pathological analysis. We show that this antibody recognizes growing and quiescent fibroblasts and myofibroblasts by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and ELISA assays. We also present its staining patterns in normal tissue samples and in breast tumors.
SQLIIDaaS: A SQL Injection Intrusion Detection Framework as a Service for SaaS Providers

Recently, we are attending to the proliferation of Cloud Computing (CC) as the new trending internet-based-Platform. Thanks to the outsourcing paradigm, CC is enabling many services. Software as a Service (SaaS) is one of those cloud-based-services. Indeed, SaaS model allows providers to reduce the cost of maintenance and management by transferring traditional on premise deployment to public Cloud. Clients can subscribe, in self-service, to SaaS services based on a pay-per-use model. However, since user data are outsourced to the Cloud, serious security breaches are rising and could harm the reputation of providers and slow down the subscription of clients. SQL injection attack (SQLIA) is one of the most critical SaaS vulnerabilities that allows attackers to violate the availability, confidentiality and integrity of user data. In this paper, we propose SQL injection intrusion detection framework as a service for SaaS providers, SQLIIDaaS, which allows a SaaS provider to detect SQLIAs targeting several SaaS applications without reading, analyzing or modifying the source code. To achieve SQL query/HTTP request mapping, we propose an event correlation based on the similarity between literals in SQL queries and parameters in HTTP requests. SQLIIDaaS is integrated and validated in Amazon Web Services (AWS). A SaaS provider can subscribe to this framework and launch its own set of virtual machines, which holds on-demand self-service, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service properties.
The effect of diesel exhaust exposure on blood–brain barrier integrity and function in a murine model

Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) is associated with vascular‐based disorders. To investigate the effect of DE on blood–brain barrier (BBB) function and integrity, 8‐week‐old BALB/c mice were randomized to DE in a cyclical treatment regimen over a 2‐week period. Functional integrity of BBB was determined by considering brain parenchymal abundance of IgG within the hippocampal formation and cortex at 6 h and 24 h intervals following final exposure treatment. Neurovascular inflammation was expressed as the abundance of glial fibrillar acidic protein. Two doses of DE were studied and compared to air‐only treated mice. Mice exposed to DE had substantially greater abundance of parenchymal IgG compared to control mice not exposed to DE. Increased parenchymal glial fibrillar acidic protein at 24 h post‐DE exposure suggested heightened neurovascular inflammation. Our findings are proof‐of‐concept that inhalation of DE can compromise BBB function and support the broader contention that DE exposure may contribute to neurovascular disease risk. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Output Feedback Control of Single-Phase UPQC Based on a Novel Model

The single-phase unified power-quality conditioner can be treated as a typical switched linear system due to its typical switching dynamic characteristics. However, because the switched model is difficult for controller design, we first transform it to an equivalent discrete system model (EDSM) in light of the pulsewidth-modulation principle. The EDSM is further transformed to a linear equivalent discrete system model (LEDSM) by states reconstruction and linearization at some neighborhood of the equilibrium manifold. The LEDSM, where the pulsewidths are adopted as the controller variables, is a periodical discrete linear system with the constrained control. Since some states cannot be available, the output feedback periodical-switched controller is designed to meet suboptimal performance and stabilize the closed-loop system. Compared with the proportional-integral controller, the output feedback control strategy features better characteristics. The voltage reference for the series inverter is obtained by using an adaptive voltage detection method. Simultaneously based on the detected phase of the system voltage, the instantaneous reactive power theory is adopted to calculate the reference current for the shunt inverter. Additionally, the power flow and power consumption are described and analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed control strategy.
CARPET: a web-based package for the analysis of ChIP-chip and expression tiling data

SUMMARY CARPET (collection of automated routine programs for easy tiling) is a set of Perl, Python and R scripts, integrated on the Galaxy2 web-based platform, for the analysis of ChIP-chip and expression tiling data, both for standard and custom chip designs. CARPET allows rapid experimental data entry, simple quality control, normalization, easy identification and annotation of enriched ChIP-chip regions, detection of the absolute or relative transcriptional status of genes assessed by expression tiling experiments and, more importantly, it allows the integration of ChIP-chip and expression data. Results can be visualized instantly in a genomic context within the UCSC genome browser as graph-based custom tracks through Galaxy2. All generated and uploaded data can be stored within sessions and are easily shared with other users. AVAILABILITY http://bio.ifom-ieo-campus.it/galaxy
Combining multiple flow fields for editing existing fluid animations

In this paper, we develop a method for synthesizing desired flow fields by combining existing multiple flow fields. Our system allows the user to specify arbitrary regions of the precomputed flow fields and combine them to synthesize a new flow field. In order to maintain plausible physical behavior, we ensure the incompressibility for the combined flow field. To address this, we use stream functions for representing the flow fields. However, there exist discontinuities at the boundaries between the combined flow fields, resulting in unnatural animation of fluids. In order to remove the discontinuities, we apply Poisson image editing to the stream functions.
Axial Stretch of Rat Single Ventricular Cardiomyocytes Causes an Acute and Transient Increase in Ca2+ Spark Rate

We investigate acute effects of axial stretch, applied by carbon fibers (CFs), on diastolic Ca2+ spark rate in rat isolated cardiomyocytes. CFs were attached either to both cell ends (to maximize the stretched region), or to the center and one end of the cell (to compare responses in stretched and nonstretched half-cells). Sarcomere length was increased by 8.01±0.94% in the stretched cell fraction, and time series of XY confocal images were recorded to monitor diastolic Ca2+ spark frequency and dynamics. Whole-cell stretch causes an acute increase of Ca2+ spark rate (to 130.7±6.4%) within 5 seconds, followed by a return to near background levels (to 104.4±5.1%) within 1 minute of sustained distension. Spark rate increased only in the stretched cell region, without significant differences in spark amplitude, time to peak, and decay time constants of sparks in stretched and nonstretched areas. Block of stretch-activated ion channels (2 &mgr;mol/L GsMTx-4), perfusion with Na+/Ca2+-free solution, and block of nitric oxide synthesis (1 mmol/L L-NAME) all had no effect on the stretch-induced acute increase in Ca2+ spark rate. Conversely, interference with cytoskeletal integrity (2 hours of 10 &mgr;mol/L colchicine) abolished the response. Subsequent electron microscopic tomography confirmed the close approximation of microtubules with the T-tubular–sarcoplasmic reticulum complex (to within ≈10-8m). In conclusion, axial stretch of rat cardiomyocytes acutely and transiently increases sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ spark rate via a mechanism that is independent of sarcolemmal stretch-activated ion channels, nitric oxide synthesis, or availability of extracellular calcium but that requires cytoskeletal integrity. The potential of microtubule-mediated modulation of ryanodine receptor function warrants further investigation.
Everybody, More or Less, likes Serendipity

In the digital era, personalisation systems are the typical way to deal with the massive amount of information on the Web. ese systems decide in our place what we like, possibly hiding us away from a complete world of potentially interesting content. ese systems do not challenge us to open our horizons of interest, trap- ping us more and more in our lter bubble. Introducing diversity and serendipity in the recommendation results has been widely recognised as the solution to this issue in the information retrieval eld. However, serendipity cannot be addressed and measured with traditional accuracy metrics, because it introduces much more complexity in terms of subjectivity and personality. Inspired by the curiosity theory of Berlyne, further developed by Silvia, we introduce in user pro les a so-called coping potential estimation as a measure of the users' ability to cope with new items (e.g., ability to appreciate serendipitous recommendations). Our assumption is that curiosity leads to serendipity and high coping potential users accept more serendipitous results, and thus we need to model it in the recommendation algorithm. We performed an online ex- periment where we asked users a number of questions about TV programmes recommendations. Our results show that users with a high coping potential are more inclined to accept serendipitous recommendations than their counterparts.
Simulium (Edwardsellum) rasyani n.sp., the Yemen species of the Simulium damnosum complex.

The examination of the polytene chromosomes of the Yemen representative of the Simulium damnosum complex revealed hitherto unknown arrangements distinct enough to justify the description of this form as the new species Simulium (Edwardsellum) rasyani. The newly recognized inversion II L-60.65 was always present and found to be homozygous in 62% and heterozygous in 38% of the 106 larvae which were examined. A short description is given of the morphology of the females, males, larvae and pupae. Populations from the five permanent Wadis Kabir, Rasyan, Al Barh, Zabid, and Surdud were genetically and morphologically very uniform.
An Approach for Chinese-Japanese Named Entity Equivalents Extraction Using Inductive Learning and Hanzi-Kanji Mapping Table

SUMMARY Named Entity Translation Equivalents extraction plays a critical role in machine translation (MT) and cross language information retrieval (CLIR). Traditional methods are often based on large-scale paral- lel or comparable corpora. However, the applicability of these studies is constrained, mainly because of the scarcity of parallel corpora of the re- quired scale, especially for language pairs of Chinese and Japanese. In this paper, we propose a method considering the characteristics of Chinese and Japanese to automatically extract the Chinese-Japanese Named Entity (NE) translation equivalents based on inductive learning (IL) from monolingual corpora. The method adopts the Chinese Hanzi and Japanese Kanji Mapping Table (HKMT) to calculate the similarity of the NE instances between Japanese and Chinese. Then, we use IL to obtain partial translation rules for NEs by extracting the di ﬀ erent parts from high similarity NE instances in Chinese and Japanese. In the end, the feedback processing updates the Chinese and Japanese NE entity similarity and rule sets. Experimental results show that our simple, e ﬃ cient method, which overcomes the insu ﬃ ciency of the traditional methods, which are severely dependent on bilingual re- source. Compared with other methods, our method combines the language features of Chinese and Japanese with IL for automatically extracting NE pairs. Our use of a weak correlation bilingual text sets and minimal additional knowledge to extract NE pairs e ﬀ ectively reduces the cost of building the corpus and the need for additional knowledge. Our method may help to build a large-scale Chinese-Japanese NE translation dictionary using mono- lingual corpora.
Gender and age estimation from video

This bachelor project focuses on implementing a method for prediction of gender and age of human faces in video sequences. The project builds on existing libraries for gender and age prediction from still images. In the thesis we created testing protocol for benchmarking accuracy of gender and age predictors working with video. Predictor accuracy is enhanced by usage of linear verification classifiers used to filter out difficult or corrupted frames from the input video sequence. The work compares multiple verification classifiers and different approaches to training and fine tuning their parameters. The experiments show that using the verification classifier can significantly reduce the gender prediction error.