Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Tumor Effect of Pinus massoniana Bark Proanthocyanidins on Ovarian Cancer through Induction of Cell Apoptosis and Inhibition of Cell Migration

Pinus massoniana bark proanthocyanidins (PMBPs), an active component isolated from Pinus massoniana bark, has been reported to possess a wide range of biochemical properties. Here, we investigated the anti-tumor effect of PMBPs on ovarian cancer. The results indicated that PMBPs significantly reduced the growth of ovarian cancer cells and induced dose-dependent apoptosis. The underlying mechanisms involved were elucidated to include the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the activation of Caspase 3/9, suggesting that PMBPs triggered apoptosis through activation of mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway. In addition, wound healing and transwell chamber assays revealed that PMBPs could suppress migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. PMBPs dramatically inhibited MMP-9 activity and expression, blocked the activity of NFκB and the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK. Our findings suggest that PMBPs has the potential to be developed as an anti-tumor drug for ovarian cancer treatment and/ or disease management.
Reconfigurable Sensing Antennas Integrated With Thermal Switches for Wireless Temperature Monitoring

This letter presents novel designs of reconfigurable sensing antennas (RSAs) for wireless temperature monitoring. Thermal switches are utilized as control units of reconfigurable dipole antennas, and their statuses of on and off determine the antennas' characteristics. From the scattering features of the antennas, whether the temperature exceeds specific thresholds or not can be readily monitored in a remote distance. Two antenna prototypes are fabricated, and the measured results demonstrate the effectiveness of the RSA designs in monitoring environment temperatures.
Some Explicit Formulae of NAF and its Left-to-Right Analogue

Non-Adjacent Form (NAF) is a canonical form of signed binary representa- tion of integers. Joye-Yen proposed a left-to-right analogue of NAF (FAN). It is known that NAF and FAN can be generated by applying a sliding window method with width-2 to the Booth encoding in right-to-left and left-to-right direction, respectively. In this arti- cle, we derive some properties of Booth encoding such as pattern, classication, extension, adjacency, and length. 1
Word Sense Disambiguation Using a Second Language Monolingual Corpus

This paper presents a new approach for resolving lexical ambiguities in one language using statistical data from a monolingual corpus of another language. This approach exploits the differences between mappings of words to senses in different languages. The paper concentrates on the problem of target word selection in machine translation, for which the approach is directly applicable. The presented algorithm identifies syntactic relations between words, using a source language parser, and maps the alternative interpretations of these relations to the target language, using a bilingual lexicon. The preferred senses are then selected according to statistics on lexical relations in the target language. The selection is based on a statistical model and on a constraint propagation algorithm, which simultaneously handles all ambiguities in the sentence. The method was evaluated using three sets of Hebrew and German examples and was found to be very useful for disambiguation. The paper includes a detailed comparative analysis of statistical sense disambiguation methods.
Evolution of communication using symbol combination in populations of neural networks

This paper uses a model of neural network and genetic algorithms to simulate the evolution of communication in populations of evolving neural networks. It focuses on the emergence of simple forms of syntax, i.e., the combination of two symbols. The simulation task resembles Savage-Rumbaugh and Rumbaugh's experiment (1978) on ape language and symbol acquisition. The simulation results show the evolution and cultural transmission of languages based on combination of grounded symbols. The model is analyzed according to the issues of the symbol grounding and symbol acquisition problems.
Gene inactivation of Pf11‐1 of Plasmodium falciparum by chromosome breakage and healing: identification of a gametocyte‐specific protein with a potential role in gametogenesis.

We report the identification of the product of the Plasmodium falciparum Pf11‐1 gene and demonstrate that it is a gametocyte‐specific protein that has a potential role in the rupture of the host erythrocyte and emergence of the gametes (gametogenesis). The Pf11‐1 gene is a large locus (30 kb) whose sequence predicts a glutamic acid‐rich polypeptide. Our identification of the Pf11‐1 gene product as gametocyte specific was greatly facilitated by the isolation of a mutant parasite clone in which greater than 90% of the Pf11‐1 gene was deleted. Molecular analysis of the mutant locus suggests that the underlying genetic mechanism is chromosome breakage and subsequent healing by the addition of telomere repeats. PCR‐based analysis showed that similar DNA rearrangements occur commonly in small subpopulations of most laboratory strains, suggesting that the Pf11‐1 locus represents a fragile chromosome region. Northern blot analysis demonstrates that a large Pf11‐1 gene‐specific transcript (much greater than 10 kb) is present in gametocytes but not in asexual blood stage parasites. The Pf11‐1 protein was localized by electron microscopy to granules in the cytoplasm of gametocytes adjacent to the membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole. Following in vitro stimulation of gametogenesis, the Pf11‐1 protein was found in the membrane of lysed erythrocytes, suggesting a role for Pf11‐1 in erythrocyte rupture within the mosquito gut.
Radial Basis Function Networks and Complexity Regularization in Function Learning

— In this paper we apply the method of complexity regularization to derive estimation bounds for nonlinear function estimation using a single hidden layer radial basis function network. Our approach differs from previous complexity regu-larization neural-network function learning schemes in that we operate with random covering numbers and l 1 metric entropy, making it possible to consider much broader families of activation functions, namely functions of bounded variation. Some constraints previously imposed on the network parameters are also eliminated this way. The network is trained by means of complexity regularization involving empirical risk minimization. Bounds on the expected risk in terms of the sample size are obtained for a large class of loss functions. Rates of convergence to the optimal loss are also derived.
Thresholds of Principle and Preference: Exploring Procedural Variation in Postgraduate Surgical Education

Background Expert physicians develop their own ways of doing things. The influence of such practice variation in clinical learning is insufficiently understood. Our grounded theory study explored how residents make sense of, and behave in relation to, the procedural variations of faculty surgeons. Method We sampled senior postgraduate surgical residents to construct a theoretical framework for how residents make sense of procedural variations. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, we used marginal participant observation in the operating room across 56 surgical cases (146 hours), field interviews (38), and formal interviews (6) to develop a theoretical framework for residents’ ways of dealing with procedural variations. Data analysis used constant comparison to iteratively refine the framework and data collection until theoretical saturation was reached. Results The core category of the constructed theory was called thresholds of principle and preference and it captured how faculty members position some procedural variations as negotiable and others not. The term thresholding was coined to describe residents’ daily experiences of spotting, mapping, and negotiating their faculty members’ thresholds and defending their own emerging thresholds. Conclusions Thresholds of principle and preference play a key role in workplace-based medical education. Postgraduate medical learners are occupied on a day-to-day level with thresholding and attempting to make sense of the procedural variations of faculty. Workplace-based teaching and assessment should include an understanding of the integral role of thresholding in shaping learners’ development. Future research should explore the nature and impact of thresholding in workplace-based learning beyond the surgical context.
Automatic segmentation of lung carcinoma in histological images using a visual dictionary

The quantification of remaining vital tumor tissue in patients undergoing chemo-/radiotherapy is necessary to assess the response to treatment. In this work, we present an automatic segmentation of pan-cytokeratin stained histological images of non-small cell lung carcinoma, which provides the ratio of vital vs. necrotic tumor tissue. The proposed method learns from training patches of vital and necrotic tissues, from which a set of features are extracted. Image superpixels are then labeled according to their nearest neighbors in the training feature space. Segmentation results were quantitatively assessed using leave-one-out tests. The proposed method achieved average sensitivity (specificity) of 91% (95%) and 73% (96%) for vital tumor epithelia and necrosis, respectively.
LoRa Mobile-To-Base-Station Channel Characterization in the Antarctic

Antarctic conditions demand that wireless sensor nodes are operational all year round and that they provide a large communication range of several tens of kilometers. LoRa technology operating in sub-GHz frequency bands implements these wireless links with minimal power consumption. The employed chirp spread spectrum modulation provides a large link budget, combined with the excellent radio-wave propagation characteristics in these bands. In this paper, an experimental wireless link from a mobile vehicle which transmits sensor data to a base station is measured and analyzed in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and packet loss. These measurements confirm the usefulness of LoRa technology for wireless sensor systems in polar regions. By deploying directional antennas at the base station, a range of up to 30 km is covered in case of Line-of-Sight radio propagation in both the 434 and 868 MHz bands. Varying terrain elevation is shown to be the dominating factor influencing the propagation, sometimes causing the Line-of-Sight path to be obstructed. Tropospheric radio propagation effects were not apparent in the measurements.
Assistive Technologies for Visually Impaired People

In this paper an overview of different types of assistive technologies is presented. Some of the most important aspects for the visually impaired are the solutions and assistance devices for the daily life. A simple categorization of this type of assistance devices is presented. Another important aspect for the visually impaired people is the indoor/outdoor navigation in dynamically changing environment. The technological advancement made possible the creation of different electronic equipments to help visually impaired/disabled persons in their navigation, such as different navigation systems, obstacle avoidance, object/obstacle localization, orientation assistance systems, in order to extend or change the basic support of guidance dogs and the white cane. In the paper a solution to integrate different assistive technologies is proposed, focusing on navigation and object detection, with the use of intelligent feedback by Human Computer Interfaces (HCI) with implication of Head- related transfer function HRTF functions. The paper is composed of three sections. In the first part a general description of the paper is presented. In the following section, entitled "Assistive technology", two main aspects are discussed: assistive technology for daily life and assistive technology for navigation and orientation of visually impaired. From the assistive systems for daily life, the following most important aspects/subjects are presented: personal care, timekeeping, alarms, food preparation and consumption, environmental control/household appliances, money, finance and shopping. Finally some conclusion is presented. The paper is a comprehensive overview of the literature and it does not contain implementation results.
Iterative record linkage for cleaning and integration

Record linkage, the problem of determining when two records refer to the same entity, has applications for both data cleaning (deduplication) and for integrating data from multiple sources. Traditional approaches use a similarity measure that compares tuples' attribute values; tuples with similarity scores above a certain threshold are declared to be matches. While this method can perform quite well in many domains, particularly domains where there is not a large amount of noise in the data, in some domains looking only at tuple values is not enough. By also examining the context of the tuple, i.e. the other tuples to which it is linked, we can come up with a more accurate linkage decision. But this additional accuracy comes at a price. In order to correctly find all duplicates, we may need to make multiple passes over the data; as linkages are discovered, they may in turn allow us to discover additional linkages. We present results that illustrate the power and feasibility of making use of join information when comparing records.
Regional differentiation of the sperm surface as studied with 125I- diiodofluorescein isothiocyanate, an impermeant reagent that allows isolation of the labeled components

The regional differentiation of the sperm surface has been studied with the aid of a novel covalent labeling technique that permits concurrent cytological, biochemical, and immunological analyses. For these studies isothiocyanate derivatives of fluorescein (FITC) and diiodofluorescein (IFC) were employed: the latter can be prepared with radioiodine to high specific activity (125IFC) and is an impermeant reagent for the erythrocyte surface. Sperm of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus), medaka )Oryzias latipes), and golden hamster bind the fluorescent chromophores with a nonuniform distribution, most of the fluorescence being associated with the midpiece. The radioactive derivative 125IFC permits an analysis of the proteins that are responsible for most of the binding. Additionally, 125 IFC-labeled sperm are capable of fertilizing eggs, as assessed by autoradiography. That IFC labels the surface of the sperm was inferred from the following: (a) the labeling of the surfaces of other cells by fluorescein isothiocyanate and its derivatives; (b) the agglutination of labeled sperm by antibodies directed against IFC; (c) the use of peroxidase-dependent immunocytochemical reaction using anti-IFC antibodies, with analysis by electron microscopy; and (d) extraction of labeled sea urchin sperm with Triton X-100 under conditions that preferentially solubilize the plasma membrane. The antiserum directed against IFC was used to isolate the labeled surface components from Triton X-100 extracts of whole sperm, by immunoprecipitation, with Staphylococcus-A protein serving as a coprecipitant. The results support previous data showing that the sperm surface is a heterogeneous mosaic of restricted domains, one notable zone being the midpiece, where common molecular properties may be shared by sperm with distinctly different morphologies. In addition, IFC-mediated covalent alteration of specific cell surface proteins may be used to label, to identify, and, with the use of anti-IFC antibodies, to isolate such proteins from other cellular constituents.
Selecting acupuncture treatment for hot flashes: a Delphi consensus compared with a clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES A treatment protocol was required for a trial of traditional Chinese acupuncture for menopausal hot flashes (ACUFLASH). A study that aimed to generate a consensus of the opinions of expert practitioners was set up, though the trial commenced before the process had been completed. This article reports on the consensus process, and compares the syndromes and treatments generated by expert consensus with those actually used in the clinical trial. DESIGN A panel of 10 experts was included in an e-mail Delphi process. The experts were asked to suggest the syndromes they would expect to be diagnosed most frequently in women with menopausal hot flashes. They were asked to list the symptoms they would use to diagnose the individual syndromes, and the points they would use to treat them. RESULTS After six rounds of the Delphi process, consensus was achieved on eight syndromes, and on about five indicative symptoms for each syndrome, and five to eight acupuncture points for treatment. The clinicians in the ACUFLASH trial used five syndromes, four of which matched the consensus. The points used by the two groups overlapped by 28%. CONCLUSIONS Eight (8) of 10 international acupuncture experts were able to reach consensus on the syndromes, symptoms, and treatment of postmenopausal women with hot flashes. The syndromes were similar to those used by practitioners in the ACUFLASH clinical trial, but there were considerable differences between the acupuncture points. This difference is likely to be the result of differences in approach of training schools, and whether it is relevant for clinical outcomes is not well understood.
Machine printed text and handwriting identification in noisy document images

In this paper, we address the problem of the identification of text in noisy document images. We are especially focused on segmenting and identifying between handwriting and machine printed text because: 1) Handwriting in a document often indicates corrections, additions, or other supplemental information that should be treated differently from the main content and 2) the segmentation and recognition techniques requested for machine printed and handwritten text are significantly different. A novel aspect of our approach is that we treat noise as a separate class and model noise based on selected features. Trained Fisher classifiers are used to identify machine printed text and handwriting from noise and we further exploit context to refine the classification. A Markov Random Field-based (MRF) approach is used to model the geometrical structure of the printed text, handwriting, and noise to rectify misclassifications. Experimental results show that our approach is robust and can significantly improve page segmentation in noisy document collections.
Robust estimation of carrier-frequency offset and timing offset for OFDMA uplink systems over multi-path fading channels

Multi-path fading and multiple access interference largely degrade the performance of carrier-frequency offset and timing offset estimations in OFDMA uplink systems. This paper proposes a robust algorithm with low complexity for joint estimation of carrier-frequency offset and timing offset. The phase differences in the received sub-carrier signals between two consecutive training symbols are employed and a robust sequential least squares algorithm is used to improve the performance of the estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed low complexity algorithm outperforms the linear least squares (LLS) estimator and approaches the performance of the iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) estimator
Massively Parallel Cuckoo Pattern Matching Applied for NIDS/NIPS

This paper describes a Cuckoo-based Pattern Matching (CPM) engine based on a recently developed hashing algorithm called Cuckoo Hashing. We implement the improved parallel Cuckoo Hashing suitable for hardware-based multi-pattern matching with arbitrary length. CPM can rapidly update the static pattern set without reconfiguration while consuming the lowest amount of hardware. With the power of massively parallel processing, the speedup of CPM is up to 128X as compared with serial Cuckoo implementation. Compared to other hardware systems, CPM is far better in performance and saves 30% of the area.
SINUSOIDAL EXTRACTION USING AN EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF A MULTI-RESOLUTION FFT

This paper provides a detailed description of the spectral analysis front-end of a melody extraction algorithm. Our particular approach aims at extracting the sinusoidal components from the audio signal. It includes a novel technique for the efficient computation of STFT spectra in different time-frequency resolutions. Furthermore, we exploit the application of local sinusoidality criteria, in order to detect stable sinusoids in individual FFT frames. The evaluation results show that a multi resolution analysis improves the sinusoidal extraction in polyphonic audio.
HLA-DRB1 polymorphism determines susceptibility to autoimmune thyroiditis in transgenic mice: definitive association with HLA- DRB1*0301 (DR3) gene

Familial clustering of autoimmune thyroid diseases has led to studies of their association with human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes. One such gene implicated in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is HLA-DR3, but the association is weak and is contradicted by other reports. On the other hand, murine experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT), a model for HT, presents a clear linkage with MHC class II. Moreover, it is inducible with thyroglobulin (Tg), the common autoantigen in either species. Immunization of HLA-DRB1* 0301 (DR3) transgenic mice with mouse or human Tg resulted in severe thyroiditis. In contrast, transgenic mice expressing the HLA-DRB1*1502 (DR2) gene were resistant to EAT. Our studies show that HLA-DRB1 polymorphism determines susceptibility to autoimmune thyroiditis and implicate Tg as an important autoantigen.
Computation Pre-processing Techniques for Image Restoration

Image restoration is to enhance the image quality which is blurred and noised from various defects which damage the quality of an image. The most degradation is done in motion blur and noise defects as shown in the results. This introduces and implements the computing methods used in the image processing world to restore images as well as improve the quality by threshold. In order to know the detailed information carried in the digital image for better visualization. The aim is to provide information of image degradation and restoration process by various filters such as wiener filter, blind convolution and wavelet techniques are used in experiments in this paper will be presented as followed by MATLAB simulation results. Weiner filter gives maximum PSNR value and minimum MSE value in dB comparable to other techniques for image restoration. General Terms Image Processing, Restoration, Pre-processing.