Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Bahadur-Efficient Testing of Uniformity by Means of the Entropy

This paper compares the power divergence statistics of orders with the information divergence statistic in the problem of testing the uniformity of a distribution. In this problem, the information divergence statistic is equivalent to the entropy statistic. Extending some previously established results about information diagrams, it is proved that the information divergence statistic in this problem is more efficient in the Bahadur sense than any power divergence statistic of order . This means that the entropy provides in this sense the most efficient way of characterizing the uniformity of a distribution.
RA-SR: Using a ranking algorithm to automatically building resources for subjectivity analysis over annotated corpora

In this paper we propose a method that uses corpora where phrases are annotated as Positive, Negative, Objective and Neutral, to achieve new sentiment resources involving words dictionaries with their associated polarity. Our method was created to build sentiment words inventories based on sentisemantic evidences obtained after exploring text with annotated sentiment polarity information. Through this process a graph-based algorithm is used to obtain auto-balanced values that characterize sentiment polarities well used on Sentiment Analysis tasks. To assessment effectiveness of the obtained resource, sentiment classification was made, achieving objective instances over 80%.
Differentiated I / O services in Virtualized environments

There is a huge semantic gap between file system and storage in servicing an I/O request. In a virtual environment the gap increases even more, as the hypervisor’s I/O scheduler is not aware of the semantics of the I/O request that the application issues. To address this limitation and to retain the semantics of the I/O requests in a virtualized environment, we tag each I/O request from the guest application all the way down to the hypervisor’s I/O scheduler. By segregating I/O requests, the hypervisor can give differentiated I/O services to different applications both within and across the guest virtual machines. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of such a system on Kernel Based Virtual Machine. We evaluated our system on hard disks and solid state disks for different workloads. Our results show that preferential services are well achieved for applications running within and across guest virtual machines.
Regulation of the expression of vimentin gene during the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells

We have examined the expression of vimentin during the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells (M1), which were induced to differentiate into macrophages by exposure to conditioned medium (CM) obtained from rat embryo fibroblasts. The synthesis of vimentin, which was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, increased after 12- 24 h of incubation of M1 cells in CM and the elevated level of synthesis continued up to 96 h. A macrophage cell line (Mm1) that was derived from spontaneously differentiated M1 cells constantly synthesized much higher levels of vimentin. The amount of vimentin, which was revealed by immunoblot analysis using an mAb against human vimentin, also increased after differentiation by a factor of 7 when compared on the basis of constant protein and by a factor of 17 on the basis of constant cell numbers. Mm1 cells contained greater than 12- and 45-fold more vimentin compared with undifferentiated M1 cells on the bases of constant protein and constant cell numbers, respectively. Northern blot analysis using vimentin cDNA as a probe revealed increases in vimentin mRNA in the differentiated M1 cells and Mm1 cells. Nuclear run-on assay showed that the expression of vimentin gene during the differentiation of M1 cells was transcriptionally regulated. Observations in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and EM clearly showed that vimentin bundles were rarely observed in undifferentiated M1 cells, and increased amounts of and large-size vimentin bundles were easily observed in differentiated M1 and Mm1 cells. These results suggest the participation of increased amounts of vimentin filaments in the maldistribution of nuclei in M1 cells during differentiation.
Records retention in relational database systems

The recent introduction of several pieces of legislation mandating minimum and maximum retention periods for corporate records has prompted the Enterprise Content Management (ECM) community to develop various records retention solutions. Records retention is a significant subfield of records management, and legal records retention requirements apply over corporate records regardless of their shape or form. Unfortunately, the scope of existing solutions has been largely limited to proper identification, classification and retention of documents, and not of data more generally. In this paper we address the problem of managed records retention in the context of relational database systems. The problem is significantly more challenging than it is for documents for several reasons. Foremost, there is no clear definition of what constitutes a business record in relational databases; it could be an entire table, a tuple, part of a tuple, or parts of several tuples from multiple tables. There are also no standardized mechanisms for purging, anonymizing and protecting relational records. Functional dependencies, user defined constraints, and side effects caused by triggers make it even harder to guarantee that any given record will actually be protected when it needs to be protected or expunged when the necessary conditions are met. Most importantly, relational tuples may be organized such that one piece of data may be part of various legal records and subject to several (possibly conflicting) retention policies. We address the above problems and present a complete solution for designing, managing, and enforcing records retention policies in relational database systems. We experimentally demonstrate that the proposed framework can guarantee compliance with a broad range of retention policies on an off-the-shelf system without incurring a significant performance overhead for policy monitoring and enforcement.
Ensemble of Duo Output Neural Networks For Binary Classification

This paper presents an ensemble of duo output neural networks (DONN) using bagging technique to solve binary classification problems. DONN is a neural network that is trained to predict a pair of complementary outputs which are the truth and falsity values. Each component in an ensemble contains two DONNs in which the first network is trained to predict the truth and falsity outputs whereas the second network is trained to predict the falsity and truth outputs which are set in reverse order of the first one. In this paper, we propose classification techniques based on outputs obtained from DONNs. Also, the ensemble selection technique is proposed. This technique is created based on uncertainty and diversity values. All proposed techniques have been tested with three benchmarks UCI data sets, which are ionosphere, pima, and liver. It is found that the proposed ensemble techniques provide better results than those obtained from an ensemble of back propagation neural networks, an ensemble of complementary neural networks, a single pair of duo output neural networks, a single pair of complementary neural networks, and a back propagation neural network. Keywords— Binary classification problem, Ensemble neural network, Feed forward back propagation neural network, Complementary neural networks, Uncertainty.
Emerging non-volatile memory technologies

The concept, the status and the respective challenges of the emerging non-volatile memory technologies are described. After discussing the magneto-resistive random access memory technology, the ferro-electric random access memory technology and the phase change memory technology, their key properties are summarized and compared to the well-established Flash memory technology. From that comparison the main challenges for the emerging technologies towards catching a significant fraction of the overall memory market are highlighted.
Enzyme Activity Effects of the Nontoxic AB Complex and the Toxin : Distinct Pro-and Anti-Inflammatory Heat-Labile Escherichia coli Responses by Modulation of Innate and Acquired Immune Rappuoli

We have examined the roles of enzyme activity and the nontoxic AB complex of heat-labile toxin (LT) from Escherichia coli on its adjuvant and immunomodulatory properties. LTK63, an LT mutant that is completely devoid of enzyme activity, enhanced Th1 responses to coinjected Ags at low adjuvant dose. In contrast, LTR72, a partially detoxiﬁed mutant, enhanced Th2 responses and when administered intranasally to mice before infection with Bordetella pertussis suppressed Th1 responses and delayed bacterial clearance from the lungs. LTR72 or wild-type LT inhibited Ag-induced IFN- g production by Th1 cells, and LT enhanced IL-5 production by Th2 cells in vitro. Each of the toxins enhanced B7-1 expression on macrophages, but enhancement of B7-2 expression was dependent on enzyme activity. We also observed distinct effects of the nontoxic AB complex and enzyme activity on inﬂammatory cytokine production. LT and LTR72 suppressed LPS and IFN- g induced TNF- a and IL-12 production, but enhanced IL-10 secretion by macrophages in vitro and suppressed IL-12 production in vivo in a murine model of LPS-induced shock. In contrast, LTK63 augmented the production of IL-12 and TNF- a . Furthermore, LTK63 enhanced NF- k B translocation, whereas low doses of LTR72 or LT failed to activate NF- k B, but stimulated cAMP production. Thus, E. coli LT appears to be capable of suppressing Th1 responses and enhancing Th2 responses through the modulatory effects of enzyme activity on NF- k B activation and IL-12 production. In contrast, the nontoxic AB complex can stimulate acquired immune responses by activating
Ocular Convergence Deficits in Schizophrenia

Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) have been reported to exhibit a higher prevalence of convergence insufficiency (CI) than the “normal” adult population. The purpose of this study was to determine if individuals with SZ exhibit clinical signs of CI and to determine if the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) is an effective instrument for identifying CI in this population. Twenty participants with SZ and 20 healthy controls (HC) completed the study. The prevalence of CI (15%) in the SZ group was slightly higher than reported norms, but the difference was not significant. The SZ group had significantly higher scores on the CISS than the HC group, but the CISS scores did not correlate with clinical measures of CI in individuals with SZ. The only exception was that SZ patients had a significantly reduced fusional reserve as determined by Sheard’s criteria. Further study is needed to determine why individuals with SZ reported symptoms associated with CI even though clinical measures did not support this diagnosis.
Predicting small ligand binding sites in proteins using backbone structure

Motivation: Specific non-covalent binding of metal ions and ligands, such as nucleotides and cofactors, is essential for the function of many proteins. Computational methods are useful for predicting the location of such binding sites when experimental information is lacking. Methods that use structural information, when available, are particularly promising since they can potentially identify non-contiguous binding motifs that cannot be found using only the amino acid sequence. Furthermore, a prediction method that can utilize low-resolution models is advantageous because high-resolution structures are available for only a relatively small fraction of proteins. Results: SitePredict is a machine learning-based method for predicting binding sites in protein structures for specific metal ions or small molecules. The method uses Random Forest classifiers trained on diverse residue-based site properties including spatial clustering of residue types and evolutionary conservation. SitePredict was tested by cross-validation on a set of known binding sites for six different metal ions and five different small molecules in a non-redundant set of protein–ligand complex structures. The prediction performance was good for all ligands considered, as reflected by AUC values of at least 0.8. Furthermore, a more realistic test on unbound structures showed only a slight decrease in the accuracy. The properties that contribute the most to the prediction accuracy of each ligand were also examined. Finally, examples of predicted binding sites in homology models and uncharacterized proteins are discussed. Availability: Binding site prediction results for all PDB protein structures and human protein homology models are available at http://sitepredict.org/. Contact: bordner.andrew@mayo.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cluster-based control channel design using discrete OFDM for opportunistic spectrum access ad hoc networks

In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum-aware clustering scheme for distributed coordination in CSMA/CA-based cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The proposed scheme employs a CSMA/CA mechanism to asynchronously organize neighboring CR users with similar views to spectrum into virtual clusters, and coordinate their communications using locally available common control channels (CCCs). Our scheme differs from existing cluster-based schemes in that it exploits the Discrete Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (D-OFDM) technology to reduce neighbor-discovery time and facilitate inter-cluster communication and broadcasting. Our scheme enables efficient control channel migration, provides higher bandwidth to CR users and reduces the frequency of re-clustering. Two variants of our scheme are presented that provide different cluster size based on the considered neighborhood area. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing cluster-based coordination schemes without imposing synchronization.
Dynamic slicing in the presence of unconstrained pointers

Program slices are useful in debugging. Most work on program slicing to date has concentrated on nding slices of programs involving only scalar variables. Pointers and composite variables do not lend themselves well to static analysis, especially when the language involved is not strongly-typed. When debugging a program, however, we are interested in analyzing the program behavior for testcases that reveal a fault. In this paper, we present a uniform approach to handling pointers and composite variables such as arrays, records, and unions for the purpose of obtaining dynamic program slices. The dynamic approach proposed works well even when the language involved allows unconstrained pointers and performs no runtime checks, as in C.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SELF-EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM OF ETORICOXIB

Objective: In the present dissertation work, the aim was to prepare self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) of etoricoxib to improve its solubility with a view to enhance its oral bioavailability.Methods: The prepared SEDDS was the concentrate of drug, oil, surfactants, and cosurfactant. The formulation was evaluated for various tests such as solubility, globule size, thermodynamic stability study, pH determination, ease of dispersibility, uniformity index, drug content, in-vitro release study, and in-vitro permeation study.Results: The optimized formulation F6 showed drug release (79.21Â±2.73%), droplet size (0.546 I¼m). In vitro drug release of the F6 was highly significant (p<0.05) as compared to the plain drug.Conclusion: All formulations of etoricoxib SEDDS were showed faster dissolution than plain drug (p<0.05), mean bioavailability of etoricoxib increase in respect to the plain drug. The F6 can be further used for the preparation of various solid SEDDS formulations.
Mathematical Model of Thermal and Microstructural Evolution during Austempering of Ductile Iron

Austempering of ductile iron is a heat treating process designed to improve the mechanical properties of ductile iron: Increasing its strength and wear resistance while maintaining the tenacity and ductility associated with the untreated condition. This task is achieved by rapidly cooling the part from the austenitizing temperature to the austempering temperature and holding it during a specific time. Austempering promotes the formation of an ausferrite matrix, i.e., a mixture of bainitic ferrite and retained austenite, along with graphite nodules. In order to achieve the required microstructural control, a detailed knowledge of the phase transformation evolution coupled with a heat transfer analysis is required. Thus a thermostructural model has been developed to simulate the phase transformations during austempering of a ductile iron cylindrical probe. The thermal and microstructural submodels were coupled within the Abaqus software. The predictions were validated by austempering ductile iron probes from an austenitizing temperature of 920°C to an austempering temperature of 300°C in a molten salt bath and comparing predictions versus experimental data. It was concluded that the model is suitable to predict the thermal behavior and the final microstructure of the austempered ductile iron.
Development of a compact bushing for NBI

Research into a novel type of compact bushing is being conducted through the HVIV (High Voltage holding In Vacuum) partnership between CEA-Cadarache 1 , GeePs-Centralesupelec 4 , LPGP 3 and LCAR 2. The bushing aims to concentrate the high electric field inside its interior, rather than in the vacuum tank. Hence the field emission current is also concentrated inside the bushing and it can be attempted to suppress this so-called dark current by conditioning the internal surfaces and by adding gas. LCAR have performed theoretical quantum mechanical studies of electron field emission and the role of adsorbates in changing the work function. LPGP studied the ionization of gas due to field emission current and the behavior of micro particles exposed to emissive electron current in the vacuum gap under high electric fields. Experiments at Geeps have clarified the role of surface conditioning in reducing the dark current. Geeps also found that adding low pressure nitrogen gas to the vacuum is much more effective than helium in reducing the field emission. An interesting observation is the growth of carbon structures after exposure of an electrode to the electric field. Finally, IRFM have performed experiments on a single stage test bushing that features a 36 cm high porcelain insulator and two cylindrical electrode surfaces in vacuum or low-pressure gas. Using 0.1 Pa N 2 gas, the voltage holding exceeded 185 kV over a 40 mm "vacuum" gap without dark current. Above this voltage, exterior breakdowns occurred over the insulator, which was in air. The project will finish with the fabrication of a 2-stage compact bushing, capable to withstand 400 kV.
Gender Differences in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury vary with Activity

Background Previous studies have shown that women involved in similar activities as men are at increased risk for anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Hypothesis The incidence rate of complete anterior cruciate ligament tears for men and women in our athletic, college-aged population is similar. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods Students graduating in class years 1994 to 2003 at our institution who sustained complete anterior cruciate ligament tears were assessed for mechanism of injury and type of sport played at time of injury. We calculated the incidence proportion, an estimation of risk, by gender and class year, and the incidence proportion ratio comparing men and women by class year. We also calculated incidence rates by gender and type of sport played and incidence rate ratios comparing men and women. Results There were 353 anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the 10 classes studied. We found an overall, 4-year incidence proportion of 3.24 per 100 (95% confidence interval, 2.89-3.63) for men and 3.51 (95% confidence interval, 2.65-4.65) for women (incidence proportion ratio, 1.09 [95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.47]). The overall anterior cruciate ligament injury rate, excluding male-only sports, was significantly greater in women (incidence rate ratio, 1.51 [95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.21]). We found significantly greater injury rates among women in a gymnastics course (incidence rate ratio, 5.67 [95% confidence interval, 1.99-16.16]), indoor obstacle course test (incidence rate ratio, 3.72 [95% confidence interval, 1.25-11.10]), and basketball (incidence rate ratio, 2.42 [95% confidence interval, 1.05-5.59]). Conclusion We found little gender difference in the overall risk of an anterior cruciate ligament tear; however, there were gender differences in injury rates when specific sports and activities were compared and when male-only sports were removed from the overall rate assessment.
Should we use programmer pairs or single developers for the next project

Todays project leaders are unsettled. Should they use programmer pairs or should they rely on single developers for the next project ? So far, empirical software engineering research gives no clear advice. One study reports on a doubled personnel cost when using programmer pairs instead of single developers while another study reports on a substantial increase of development speed and program quality. But, what would be if project leaders add a separate review phase to single programmers’ development ? Then things change in terms of development cost and program quality. Two experiments conducted at the Universität Karlsruhe revealed that there is almost no difference in cost if both programmer pairs and single developers with reviews are forced to develop programs with comparable quality.
Robust Filtering for a Class of Networked Nonlinear Systems With Switching Communication Channels

This paper is concerned with the problem of robust filter design for a class of discrete-time networked nonlinear systems. The Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is employed to represent the underlying nonlinear dynamics. A multi-channel communication scheme that involves a channel switching phenomenon described by a Markov chain is proposed for data transmission. Two typical communication imperfections, network-induced time-varying delays and packet dropouts are considered in each channel. The objective of this paper is to design an admissible filter such that the filter error system is stochastically stable and ensures a prescribed disturbance attenuation level bound. Based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional method and matrix inequality techniques, sufficient conditions on the existence of the desired filter are obtained. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design approach.