Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment and management of pain in hemodialysis patients: A pilot study

_____________________________________________________________________________________________ Purpose: To assess pain levels of hemodialysis (HD) patients and to report pain management techniques. Materials and methods: A quantitative descriptive study design with a summative approach to qualitative analysis was held, with a personal interview of the HD patients in a Southern European city hospital (n=70), using the Visual Analog Scales (VAS), the Wong-Baker Pain Scales (WBPS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire. People confused or in a coma, with hearing or reading problems and inability to communicate in the spoken language were excluded. Results: Renal patients under investigation were 69.72 ±12.45 years old, male (58.5%) and on HD for 35.5 ± 27.4 months. In the Wong Baker Scale, pain was rated as “hurts little more” 30.8%, (n=20) and in the VAS 30.8% (n=20) reported 6/10 the amount of pain experienced. Forty-six percent pinpointed internal pain in the legs. Pain experienced was characterized as sickening (70.8%), tiring (67.7%), burning (66.2%), rhythmic (86.2%), periodic (66.2%) and continuous (61.5%). The patients studied mainly manage pain either with warm towel/cloth (85.2% females and all male patients), with massage (84.2% and 88.9%, respectively) or painkillers (47.4% and 52.6%, respectively). In a correlation of gender and pain management techniques, statistical significance was found only with warm towel (p=0.038). Conclusions: As renal patients are an increasing group of healthcare service users, and pain is affecting their everyday life, it is essential to individualize pain evaluation and to provide further education to clinical nurses so that they can effectively manage pain.
Attitude Assessment of Farmers Towards Post-harvest Technologies and Value Addition of Horticultural Crops in Punjab

ABSTRACT Attitude is an expression of favor and disfavor towards a person, component or idea. It is a component of human behavior, which is pre-requisite for any action and also plays a dominant role in adoption of new technologies like post-harvest management practices. The present study was conducted in Ludhiana district of Punjab state to evaluate the farmers’ perceptions towards post-harvest management practices. SWOT analysis of selected villages was done during pilot survey. A Likert-type-scale was developed, which consisted of 14 items. The study reveals that farmers had positive attitudes towards post-harvest management practices. Constraint analysis was also done for farmers’ perceived problems. Lack of technical guidance was perceived as the most important problem in adoption of post-harvest technologies followed by high cost of technologies. Organization of small farmers into groups, market-driven extension system and development of low cost post-harvest technologies can be options for overcoming above stated constraints.
Network Isolates: Entrepreneurial Bootstrapping and the Social Disconnection of New Organizations in the Mobile App Ecosystem

Extensive prior literature has studied how young organizations are impacted by and often benefit from embeddedness in key industry networks. Indeed, some research advises that entrepreneurs “don’t go it alone” (Baum, Calabrese, and Silverman, 2000). This literature has also highlighted a dynamic whereby young organizations with higher quality are most likely to sort into these networks. Yet this perspective often fails to consider the drivers and prevalence of high-quality young organizations not becoming embedded, and instead remaining network isolates. Drawing on resource dependence and exchange theory’s emphasis on network ties arising from mutual and balanced interdependence, we explicate how organizational design decisions, current performance, and competitive pressures influence whether a young organization remains a network isolate. We test and find support for our arguments using an unusually rich, complete, and large “big data” dataset that captures all competitors in the mobile app ecosystem on the Apple iPhone ecosystem over a period of 5 years, showing that a substantial fraction of high-performing mobile app developers remain outside of the venture finance network.
Blood pressure analysis on time scales from seconds to days Westerhof

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PERAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA DALAM MENERBITKAN SERTIFIKAT HALAL PADA PRODUK MAKANAN DAN KOSMETIKA

Sertifikasi dan labelisasi halal yang selama ini dilakukan baru menjangkau sebagian produk kecil misalnya produk makanan, minuman, obat-obatan, kosmetik, dan produk lainnya yang beredar di masyarakat. Majelis Ulama Indonesia melalui LPPOM MUI dan Komisi Fatwa telah berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk memberikan jaminan makanan halal bagi konsumen muslim melalui instrumen sertifikasi halal merupakan fatwa tertulis MUI yang menyatakan kehalalan suatu produk sesuai syariat Islam. Sertifikasi halal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kepastian kehalalan suatu produk sehingga dan menenteramkan batin yang mengkonsumsinya
Dynamic Formation of Preferential Trade Agreements: The Role of Flexibility

In practice, free trade agreements (FTAs) vastly outnumber customs unions (CUs). Nevertheless, the literature traditionally views CUs as optimal for members because CU members coordinate external tariffs. I show that a dynamic FTA flexibility benefit can help explain the prevalence of FTAs: individual FTA members have the flexibility to form their own future FTAs whereas CU members must jointly engage in future CU formation. I show how the relative prevalence of FTAs versus CUs depends on the structure of market size asymmetry across countries and use these predictions to shed some light on FTA versus CU formation in Europe and South America. Formation dynamique d’accords commerciaux preferentiels : le role de la flexibilite. En pratique, les accords de libre‐echange (ALE) sont plus nombreux que les unions douanieres (UD). Neanmoins, la litterature specialisee percoit traditionnellement que les UD sont optimales pour les membres parce qu’ils peuvent coordonner leurs tarifs externes. On montre qu’une flexibilite dynamique de l’ALE peut aider a expliquer la prevalence des ALE : les membres des ALE ont la flexibilite de former leurs propres ALE dans l’avenir alors que les membres des UD s’engagent conjointement pour la formation des UD futures. On montre comment la prevalence des ALE versus les UD depend de la structure de l’asymetrie de la taille entre les pays, et on utilise ces previsions pour eclairer les choix entre la formation de ALE et de UD en Europe et en Amerique du Sud.
Structural aspects of nucleotide ligand binding by a bacterial 2H phosphoesterase

The 2H phosphoesterase family contains enzymes with two His-X-Ser/Thr motifs in the active site. 2H enzymes are found in all kingdoms of life, sharing little sequence identity despite the conserved overall fold and active site. For many 2H enzymes, the physiological function is unknown. Here, we studied the structure of the 2H family member LigT from Escherichia coli both in the apo form and complexed with different active-site ligands, including ATP, 2′-AMP, 3′-AMP, phosphate, and NADP+. Comparisons to the well-characterized vertebrate myelin enzyme 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) highlight specific features of the catalytic cycle and substrate recognition in both enzymes. The role played by the helix α7, unique to CNPases within the 2H family, is apparently taken over by Arg130 in the bacterial enzyme. Other residues and loops lining the active site groove are likely to be important for RNA substrate binding. We visualized conformational changes related to ligand binding, as well as the position of the nucleophilic water molecule. We also present a low-resolution model of E. coli LigT bound to tRNA in solution, and provide a model for RNA binding by LigT, involving flexible loops lining the active site cavity. Taken together, our results both aid in understanding the common features of 2H family enzymes and help highlight the distinct features in the 2H family members, which must result in different reaction mechanisms. Unique aspects in different 2H family members can be observed in ligand recognition and binding, and in the coordination of the nucleophilic water molecule and the reactive phosphate moiety.
the Thirteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS

To keep mobile devices secure, experts recommend turning on auto-updates for applications, but recent research has suggested that users often avoid auto-updating because updates can lead to undesirable consequences such as user interface changes or compatibility issues. Understanding whether there are commonalities amongst users who avoid auto-updates can help us create better mobile application updating interfaces. However, little is known about how users’ characteristics associate with their attitudes towards auto-updating their mobile applications, or how we can leverage these characteristics to encourage users to auto-update these applications to improve security. In this paper, by surveying Android users, we establish how users’ past experiences with software updating, and users’ psychometric traits diﬀerentiate those users who avoid application auto-updates from those who do them, as well as users’ preferences towards auto-updating their applications. Our ﬁndings reveal that users who avoid application auto-updates are more likely to have had past negative experiences with software updating, tend to take fewer risks, and display greater proactive security awareness. Users’ perceived level of trust with mobile applications also determined how comfortable they are auto-updating these applications. Based on these ﬁndings, we recommend how Android can improve the design of application update systems to encourage users to auto-update and keep their devices secure.
What Should We Be Comparing for Writer Identification?

Certain approaches to writer identification encode handwriting as texture, producing a single histogram of visual features, ignoring any information about the lexical content of the passage. In contrast, other approaches first segment elements of the text, such as characters or big rams, so that they can be compared like-for-like with other instances of the same element. The difference between the two types of methods can therefore be viewed in terms of what is being compared. In this work we assess the performance of the different approaches as well as exploring the performance of a novel method that lies in between the two. We show that this novel method outperforms the other schemes, achieving an error rate of 0.4% when discriminating samples of 20 characters among 251 writers. This suggests that optimal performance may be obtained by making comparisons between groups of characters, or sub textures, within a passage.
Investigation of Critical Thinking Disposition In Nurses Working In Public Hospitals

Aim: The aim of this study is to define and evaluate in public hospitals of nurses working The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) related factors. Methodology: The sample size was 1353 nurses who volunteered to participate in the study. The data are collected from January to July in 2011 year. Socio demographic Features Data Form and CCTDI, were used as data collection tools. Results: CCTDI score means of the nurses taken into the scope of the study reveal that the score mean of the “truth-seeking” subscale was 21.43±5.06; the score mean of the “Openmindedness” subscale was 40.70±6.38; the score mean of the “systematicity” subscale was 19.21±3.21; the score mean of the “Self-confidence” subscale was 27.84±5.07; the score mean of the “Inquisitiveness” subscale was 32.85±5.85 Conclusion: In this study the higher the educational level of nurses increased in critical thinking disposition scale score. Development of critical thinking disposition in nursing must be provided educational opportunities of the institutional and outside the institution.
Drug Development in Alzheimer’s Disease—The Role of Default Mode Network Assessment in Phase II

A lzheimer’s disease (AD) is rapidly becoming more common as the global population ages. New treatments are needed and new approaches to drug development are warranted. The phase II challenge for AD treatment development programs is how to provide proof-of-concept (POC) of the candidate agent without a large long trial equivalent to phase III. We propose that the available data support measures of the default mode network (DMN) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as demonstrating the effect of treatment on cognitive circuits critical to human cognition. Improved DMN function with symptomatic cognitive enhancing agents or decreased deterioration of DMN function compared to placebo in trials of disease-modifying agents would support POC and allow progression to phase III with greater confidence.
KIT mutations confer a distinct gene expression signature in core binding factor leukaemia

Core binding factor (CBF) leukaemias, characterized by either inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(8;21)(q22;q22), constitute acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) subgroups with favourable prognosis. However, 40–50% of patients relapse, emphasizing the need for risk‐adapted treatment approaches. In this regard, studying secondary genetic aberrations, such as mutations of the KIT gene, is of great interest, particularly as they can be targeted by receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, so far little is known about the biology underlying KIT‐mutated CBF leukaemias. We analysed gene expression profiles of 83 CBF AML cases with known KIT mutation status in order to gain novel insights in KIT‐mutated CBF pathogenesis. KIT‐mutated cases were characterized by deregulation of genes belonging to the NFkB signalling complex suggesting impaired control of apoptosis. Notably, a subgroup of KIT wildtype cases was also characterized by the KIT mutation signature due to yet unknown aberrations. Our data suggest that this CBF leukaemia subgroup might profit from TKI therapy, however, the relevance of the KIT mutation‐associated signature remains to be validated prior to clinical implementation. Nevertheless, the existence of such a signature supports the notion of relevant biological differences in CBF leukaemia and might serve as diagnostic tool in the future.
YgbQ, a cell division protein in Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae, localizes in codependent fashion with FtsL to the division site

YgbQ is a cell division protein in Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae. In E. coli the ygbQ gene was discovered as a result of a computer search of the E. coli genome designed to find potential interacting partners for cell division protein FtsL. In V. cholerae, ygbQ was identified as an essential gene by using a transposon that fuses genes to an arabinose promoter. The role of YgbQ in cell division is supported by the following. Cells depleted of YgbQ in both organisms form long filaments, but DNA segregation is not affected. YgbQ localizes to the constriction site in wild-type E. coli cells. Localization of E. coli YgbQ to the constriction site depends on cell division proteins FtsQ and FtsL but not FtsW and FtsI, placing YgbQ in the sequential dependency order of proteins localizing to the division site. Localization of green fluorescent protein-FtsL also depends on YgbQ, indicating that FtsL and YgbQ colocalize to the division site in E. coli. Our results show colocalization of proteins to the bacterial midcell in E. coli and raise the possibility that these proteins interact in a coiled-coil structure.
A single macrolichen constitutes hundreds of unrecognized species

Significance Macrolichens are considered to be well known, including the tropical montane basidiolichen fungus Dictyonema glabratum, also known as Cora pavonia, an important component of threatened paramo ecosystems, where it acts as a biological fertilizer due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. This lichen was long believed to represent a single species, but after revising this number to 16 in two genera (Cora and Corella), here we show that at least 126 phylogenetically and morphologically distinct species are contained within this group, with statistical analysis predicting more than 400. Our findings underline the importance of accurately documenting species richness for conservation purposes and support the notion of neotropical paramos as hotspots of recent diversification in plants, animals, and fungi. The number of Fungi is estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million. Lichenized species are thought to make up a comparatively small portion of this figure, with unrecognized species richness hidden among little-studied, tropical microlichens. Recent findings, however, suggest that some macrolichens contain a large number of unrecognized taxa, increasing known species richness by an order of magnitude or more. Here we report the existence of at least 126 species in what until recently was believed to be a single taxon: the basidiolichen fungus Dictyonema glabratum, also known as Cora pavonia. Notably, these species are not cryptic but morphologically distinct. A predictive model suggests an even larger number, with more than 400 species. These results call into question species concepts in presumably well-known macrolichens and demonstrate the need for accurately documenting such species richness, given the importance of these lichens in endangered ecosystems such as paramos and the alarming potential for species losses throughout the tropics.
Hotel Chains Conceptual Models

This chapter analyses the heterogeneous and multifaceted nature of hotel chains by developing three partial models, where the chain is presented as a bundle of resources, activities and relationships, which are combined into one integrated model of a hotel chain. Each of the three partial models deals with a specific side of the hotel chain. The Resource-based view model reveals the internal foundations for creating and sustaining a competitive advantage by acquiring, using, managing and sharing resources, organisational capabilities, knowledge and learning. Porter’s value chain perspective is focused on implementing the proper activities in a proper way, thus achieving superior performance. By interacting with its various stakeholders, the hotel chain establishes certain relationships with them, which, if suitably managed, can also become a ground for obtaining a competitive advantage. In order to gain a holistic impression of a hotel chain, all three perspectives were combined in one integrated model. The Integrated model could be used as an analytical tool to identify the specific sources of competitive advantage of a particular hotel chain and investigate the potential threats to chain’s competitiveness.
Mannose/mannan-binding lectin

Mannose/mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a serum lectin synthesized (as a ~32 kDa peptide) by the liver and is one of the key molecules of the innate immune system. Each peptide has an N (amino)-terminal cysteine-rich region, a middle stretch of a collagen-like sequence, and a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) in the C (carboxy)-terminus. Three identical peptides form a structural subunit, similar to a collagenous triple helix, which is the basic building block of all circulating molecular forms of MBL. Further oligomerization of these structural subunits by disulphide bonds in the N-terminal region results in MBL molecules of different sizes (from dimers to hexamers), but the hexameric form is probably the most common. MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) bind to MBL multimeric forms to stabilize the molecule. MBL is a pattern-recognition receptor and the CRDs of MBL serve to bind to a wide range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and protozoa, by recognizing carbohydrate moieties on their surfaces. There are two pathways by which MBL can participate in a host defense response: 1) MBL activates the lectin complement pathway via MASPs, that converges with the classical complement pathway, at the level of complement C4 (C4-A or C4-B), and 2) MBL may also act directly as an opsonin, enhancing phagocytosis by binding to cell-surface receptors present on phagocytic cells.
Dose-Response Relationship between Dietary Polyphenols from Acorns and Parotid Gland Hypertrophy in Pigs

Proline contents of parotid glands (PG) in pigs constantly increase after the inclusion of different amounts of ripe hulled acorns in the diet providing high polyphenols levels. The dose-response relationship was estimated on natural hydrolizable tannins (expressed as tannic acid equivalent TAE) amounts of 25.8 to 36.1 g TAE/kg DM in experimental diets. Macroscopic and histological morphometry of parotid glands greatly varied according to feed intake and dosages of TAE ingested. The PG response (hypertrophy grade) on acorns’ tannins content in the diet was positively correlated (R2 = 0.748): the response to the protein precipitating activity (PPA) of tannins consisted of a functional parotidomegaly (hypertrophy), 1.34 up to 3.55 folds than control PGs, following an oral dosage 0.596 up 1.72 TAE g·kg body weight·d-1 respectively, after one week exposure.
Long‐term neurochemical changes after visual cortical lesions in the adult cat

Peripheral deafferentation alters cortical function and such alterations have been shown to affect the cortical expression of the calcium‐binding proteins calbindin and parvalbumin and of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA). To determine whether cortical deafferentation produces similar effects, we examined the long‐term consequences of cortical lesions on the neurochemistry of interconnected cortical areas. We studied the reciprocal effects of localized damage to either visual cortical areas 17 and 18, or posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) cortex in the adult cat. These areas are strongly interconnected and play an important role in the processing of visual information. Combined lesions of areas 17 and 18 caused a marked, topographically specific decrease in the proportion of neurons expressing calbindin in supragranular layers of PMLS cortex. Similarly, lesions of PMLS cortex caused topographically restricted decreases in calbindin expression within supragranular layers of areas 17 and 18, but not in other cortical areas with which PMLS is interconnected. To categorize the calbindin‐positive neurons affected by such lesions, we carried out double‐labeling experiments for the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. This investigation showed lesions of areas 17 and 18 to affect calbindin‐positive excitatory and inhibitory neurons equally, but PMLS lesions had stronger effects on inhibitory, calbindin‐positive neurons. This finding may represent differential damage to feed‐forward vs. feed‐back projections in the two types of lesions. Finally, the expression of parvalbumin and GABA was unchanged, even in zones of decreased calbindin immunoreactivity. Our results suggest that damage to adult visual cortical areas, whether striate or extrastriate, induces neurochemical changes in the supragranular corticocortical network to which these areas belong. That changes were restricted to calbindin expression suggests cell‐specific and/or biochemical pathway‐specific alterations in calcium homeostasis. J. Comp. Neurol. 429:221–241, 2001. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.