Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis thaliana NADPH Oxidoreductase Homologs Confer Tolerance of Yeasts toward the Thiol-oxidizing Drug Diamide (*)

To isolate new plant genes involved in the defense against oxidative stress, an Arabidopsis cDNA library in a yeast expression vector was transformed into a yeast strain deficient in the YAP1 gene, which encodes a b-Zip transcription factor and regulates general stress response in yeasts. Cells from ≈105 primary transformants were subjected to a tolerance screen toward the thiol-oxidizing drug diamide, which depletes the reduced glutathione in the cell. Four types of Arabidopsis cDNAs were isolated. Three of these cDNAs (P1, P2, and P4) belong to a plant ζ-crystallin family and P3 is an Arabidopsis homolog of isoflavonoid reductases. As such, all four isolated cDNAs are homologous to NADPH oxidoreductases. P1, P2, and P3 steady-state mRNAs accumulated rapidly in Arabidopsis plants under various oxidative stress conditions, such as treatment with paraquat, t-butylhydroperoxide, diamide, and menadione. The data suggested that proteins encoded by the isolated cDNAs play a distinct role in plant antioxidant defense and are possibly involved in NAD(P)/NAD(P)H homeostasis.
Project selection and equivalent CAPM-based investment criteria

This article shows that the Capital Asset Pricing Model-based capital budgeting criteria proposed by Tuttle and Litzenberger (1968), Mossin (1969), Hamada (1969), Stapleton (1971), Rubinstein (1973), Bierman and Hass (1973) and Bogue and Roll (1974) are equivalent. They all state that a project is profitable if its internal rate of return is greater than the risk-adjusted cost of capital, where the latter is given by the sum of the risk-free rate and a risk-premium which is a function of the systematic risk of the project, itself a function of the project cost.
A Study on the Perception of Tone and Intonation in Sesotho

This paper presents a study on the perception of Sesotho, a Southern African tonal language, employing a set of recorded minimal pairs, whose F0 contours were analyzed in a previous study using the Fujisaki model and resynthesized. Sequences of prosodically modified stimuli were produced to examine the effect of these modifications on word identification, statement/question distinction, as well as focus identification. With few exceptions, results regarding word identification are in line with our expectations. F0 modifications even seem to override vowel differences between words when both affect its meaning. With respect to the statement/question distinction, shortening of the penultimate syllable, higher speech rate and increased phrase command magnitude Ap all increase the probability of an utterance to be perceived as a question. The focus experiment, however, produced inconclusive results, possibly due to its complex setting.
Neurocognitive Treatment Using Virtual Reality

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). Journal of Experimental Neuroscience Volume 11: 1–2 © The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1 79069517717734
Robust control of helicopter with suspended load

A helicopter's vertical takeoff and landing as well as its ability to hover, make it ideal for carrying a suspended load, which facilitates several applications in military and in places that are inaccessible by humans. This paper considers a helicopter having a suspended load that leads to the degradation of the helicopter control due to the increase in work load, which in worst case may lead to instability or a serious accident. This work proposes an H-infinity controller for a helicopter-slung load system in hovering condition. The controller used in this paper robustly stabilizes the helicopter even in the presence of load oscillations. This work shows sufficient control action that must be given by the helicopter in order to reduce the load swing and the results also show in the response on the effect of load swing with and without the controller.
Merger activity and unemployment in the USA

This article presents estimates of the effect of merger activity on the unemployment rate in the US economy using time-series data from 1895 to 1992. Utilizing the methodology suggested by Wickens and Breusch (Economic Journal, Supplement, 189–205, 1988), both the short-run and long-run impacts are estimated. The estimated results suggest that merger activity had a significant negative effect on the unemployment rate in the long run. Even in the short run, merger activity, at the margin, has helped to reduce the unemployment rate.
A note on applying option pricing theory to emerging mortgage and mortgage-backed securities markets

Option-based models have been the dominant paradigm for researches on the risks and pricing of mortgages and Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) in the USA. However, the adaptability and flexibility of option-based models in the emerging mortgage markets has been obviously neglected. This study provides the first analysis of the potential strengths and weaknesses of application of the option pricing theory to emerging markets with referring to both theoretical and empirical literatures. This study finds that the mortgage type, the attitude of mortgagees to risk and the institutional features are the key determinants of success of application of the option pricing theory to emerging mortgage and MBS markets. The option pricing literature in finance has been extended to study the risks and pricing of mortgages and MBS in the USA over the last three decades. However, given the robust and rapid growth of emerging mortgage and mortgage-related capital markets, there is surprisingly little known about to what extent the option pricing theory can be applied to the emerging mortgage and MBS markets in the global arena. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap by analysing the potential strengths and weaknesses of application of the option pricing models to emerging markets with specifically referring to both theoretical and empirical literatures.
Salmonella isolated from humans, animals and other sources in Canada, 1983–92

A total of 89760 human and 22551 non-human isolates of salmonella were serotyped in Canada during the period 1983–92. There were 2180 reported outbreaks associated with 10065 cases during the 10-year period. The most common salmonella serovars isolated from human and non-human sources were S. typhimurium and S. hadar. The third and fourth most common serovars from human sources were S. enteritidis and S. heidelberg, respectively, and from non-human sources they were S. heidelberg and S. infantis. The number of S. typhimurium isolations from human and non-human sources showed a downward trend over the 10-year period. A total of 222 outbreaks of S. typhimurium associated with 1622 cases occurred. The S. hadar isolations from human and non-human sources reached a peak during the years 1987–90 and declined thereafter. The number of human isolates of S. enteritidis increased until 1985 and fluctuated at a level of 8·3–12·8% of all human isolates thereafter. Seventy-three outbreaks of S. enteritidis infection associated with 568 cases occurred. More than 50% of the S. enteritidis infections in humans were caused by phage type (PT) 8. During the review period, infections caused by PT4 were less common and were almost exclusively found in people who had travelled abroad. The annual isolation rates of S. heidelberg from human and non-human sources increased steadily during the period. Bacteriophage typing of serovars from outbreaks showed that contaminated food products of poultry and bovine origin were common sources of human infection. Salmonella typhi was identified as the cause of 43 small outbreaks affecting 116 persons.
Efficient transposition in mycobacteria: construction of Mycobacterium smegmatis insertional mutant libraries

The Tn611 transposon was inserted into pCG63, a temperature-sensitive plasmid isolated from an Escherichia coli-mycobacterial shuttle vector which contains the pAL5000 and pUC18 replicons. The resulting plasmid, pCG79, was used to generate a large number of insertional mutations in Mycobacterium smegmatis. These are the first mycobacterial insertional mutant libraries to be constructed by transposition directly into a mycobacterium. No highly preferential insertion sites were detected by Southern blot analysis of the chromosomal DNAs isolated from the insertion mutants. Auxotrophic mutants with various phenotypes were isolated at a frequency ranging from 0.1 to 0.4%, suggesting that the libraries are representative. The pCG79 system thus seems to be a useful tool for the study of M. smegmatis genetics and may be applicable to other mycobacteria, such as the M. tuberculosis complex.
The Influence of Product Market Competition on Technological and Management Innovation: Firm‐Level Evidence from a Large‐Scale Survey

This study contributes to both a deeper understanding of the drivers of management innovation, and the overarching debate about the relationship between competition and a firm's inclination to innovate. It distinguishes technological innovation from various types of management innovation, and investigates how a firm's competitive environment influences these types of innovation. We use firm‐level evidence from the fourth wave of the German part of the Community Innovation Survey (CIS IV), comprising 2,789 German firms, to empirically validate the discriminatory predictions we develop from the theoretical literature. Our results show significant differences in the determinants of technological and management innovation. They, therefore, underscore the need for a contingency perspective when studying the relationship between innovation and competition.
Gasp, a Grb2-associating protein, is critical for positive selection of thymocytes

T cells develop in the thymus through positive and negative selection, which are responsible for shaping the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in selection remains an area of intense interest. Here, we identified and characterized a gene product Gasp (Grb2-associating protein, also called Themis) that is critically required for positive selection. Gasp is a cytosolic protein with no known functional motifs that is expressed only in T cells, especially immature CD4/CD8 double positive (DP) thymocytes. In the absence of Gasp, differentiation of both CD4 and CD8 single positive cells in the thymus was severely inhibited, whereas all other TCR-induced events such as β-selection, negative selection, peripheral activation, and homeostatic proliferation were unaffected. We found that Gasp constitutively associates with Grb2 via its N-terminal Src homology 3 domain, suggesting that Gasp acts as a thymocyte-specific adaptor for Grb2 or regulates Ras signaling in DP thymocytes. Collectively, we have described a gene called Gasp that is critical for positive selection.
Massive Pulmonary Embolism with Hemodynamic Compromise Successfully Treated with Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation CT computed tomography ECLS extracorporeal life support ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ICU intensive care unit PA pulmonary artery PE pulmonary embolism RV right ventricle tPA tissue plasminogen activator VA ECMO veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Citation: Akkanti et al. Massive Pulmonary Embolism with Hemodynamic Compromise Successfully Treated with VenoArterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Parametric distributions for assessing significance in modular partitions of brain networks

Brain networks are often explored with graph theoretical approaches, and community structures identified using modularity-based partitions. Despite the popularity of these methods, the significance of the obtained subnetworks is largely unaddressed in the literature. We present two parametric methods to assess the statistical significance of network partitions, and therefore control against spurious subnetworks that may arise in random graphs, rather than self-organized brain networks. We evaluate these methods with simulated data and resting state fMRI data.
Participation in marijuana, cocaine and heroin consumption in Australia: a multivariate probit approach

This article investigates factors affecting the participation in marijuana, cocaine and heroin using micro-unit data from an Australian national survey on recreational drugs. Accounting for cross-drug correlation potentially induced by unobserved personal characteristics such as individual tastes and addictive personalities, we estimate a trivariate probit model, where the participation decisions are jointly modelled as a system with correlated error terms. The estimated correlation coefficients are significant across all three drugs. The study provides valuable empirical information on conditional and joint probabilities of drug participation. The multivariate approach is shown to provide better analysis relative to a univariate approach that does not address the endogeneity of all drug participation variables.
Recursive Predictability Tests for Real-Time Data

We propose a sequential test for predictive ability for recursively assessing whether some economic variables have explanatory content for another variable. In the forecasting literature it is common to assess predictive ability by using “one-shot” tests at each estimation period. We show that this practice leads to size distortions, selects overfitted models and provides spurious evidence of in-sample predictive ability, and may lower the forecast accuracy of the model selected by the test. The usefulness of the proposed test is shown in well-known empirical applications to the real-time predictive content of money for output and the selection between linear and nonlinear models.
Molecular and pathogenic variation within Melampsora on Salix in western North America reveals numerous cryptic species

In North America Melampsora rusts that parasitize willows (Salix species) have never been adequately studied and mostly have been referred to a collective species, Melampsora epitea (Kunze & Schm.) Thüm, of European origin. Even taxa that are nominally distinct from M. epitea, such as M. abieti-caprearum and M. paradoxa, currently are considered to be “races” of M. epitea. Within the range of our field surveys and collections in the Pacific Northwest and the Southwest only two species of Melampsora thus were expected: M. epitea (including its races) and M. ribesii-purpureae. In this study of Melampsora on 19 species of Salix in the western United States 14 phylogenetic species, or phylotypes, were apparent from nuclear rDNA sequencing of 140 collections or isolates. Our collections of the races of M. epitea, M. abieti-caprearum and M. epitea f. sp. tsugae belonged to one phylotype, termed lineage ‘N’. Assuming that M. ribesii-purpureae represents one other phylotype, 12 phylotypes still are unaccounted for by current taxonomy. Moreover Eurasian M. ribesii-purpureae was not closely related to any of the phylotypes reported here. Even more problematic was the resistance of Eurasian species of Salix, including the type host of M. epitea, S. alba, to North American Melampsora, including phylotype ‘N’, in both the field and in inoculation experiments. These results suggest the need for the description of many new species of Melampsora on Salix in western North America. Additional analyses presented here might guide further research in this direction.
BUILDING BRIDGES TO PROMOTE EDUCATIONAL WELL-BEING: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY OF THE IMPACT AND TIMING OF OUT-OF-HOME PLACEMENT, CHILD MALTREATMENT & HOMELESSNESS

Major federal legislation has placed the educational well-being of at-risk children in the national spotlight. No Child Left Behind legislation has pressed American public schools to ensure that all children are meeting minimum academic standards by third grade (U.S. Department of Education, 2004). By setting the target at grade three, this legislation affirms the significance of early childhood and the necessity of early identification and intervention for vulnerable young children. Similarly, the Adoption and Safe Families Act has increased the accountability of state child welfare agencies for meeting the educational well-being needs of children in public child welfare systems. Guided by a developmental epidemiology framework, the purpose of the present population-based study was to examine the unique impact of out-of-home placement in a multiple risk context and explore the timing of first out-of-home placement, child maltreatment, and homelessness experiences in early childhood. Participants were a population of 12,045 second grade students in a large, urban school district. Information on social risk factors, birth risks, demographics, and academic achievement and adjustment outcomes were obtained and linked through the Kids Integrated Data System as part of a larger collaborative study. Approximately four-percent of children in the cohort had a history of out-of-home placement by the end of second grade. Findings revealed a high co-occurrence of out-of-home placement with child maltreatment and homelessness. The unique impact of out-of-home placement in a multiple risk context was assessed using multiple logistic regression. Results showed that after controlling for substantiated child maltreatment and homelessness, out-of-home placement was no longer significantly related to academic achievement. Cox regression analyses demonstrated that child maltreatment and homelessness predicted to out-of-home placement and uncovered a significant interaction between poverty and homelessness and child maltreatment. This study provides an illustration of how administrative data can be used in a collaborative research process to inform understanding of the educational well-being of young children with histories of out-of-home placement. Implications from this study include: cross-agency training, integrated service planning and delivery, and enhanced collaboration between early childhood education programs and child welfare systems to promote access to high quality early childhood education experiences. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Social Welfare This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/edissertations/154 First Advisor John Fantuzzo Second Advisor Judith Silver Third Advisor Paul Allison
Risk Factors for 30-Day Complications After Thumb CMC Joint Arthroplasty: An American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program Study

Background: The first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is a common site of osteoarthritis, with arthroplasty being a common procedure to provide pain relief and improve function with low complications. However, little is known about risk factors that may predispose a patient for postoperative complications. Methods: All CMC joint arthroplasty from 2005 to 2015 in the prospectively collected American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database were identified. Bivariate testing and multiple logistic regressions were performed to determine which patient demographics, surgical variables and medical comorbidities were significant predictors for complications. These included wound related, cardiopulmonary, neurological and renal complications, return to the operating room (OR) and readmission. Results: A total of 3344 patients were identified from the database. Of those, 45 patients (1.3%) experienced a complication including wound issues (0.66%), return to the OR (0.15%) and readmission (0.27%) amongst others. When performing bivariate analysis, age over 65, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Class, diabetes and renal dialysis were significant risk factors. Multiple logistic regression after adjusting for confounding factors demonstrated that insulin-dependent diabetes and ASA Class 4 had a strong trend while renal dialysis was a significant risk factor. Conclusions: CMC arthroplasty has a very low overall complication rate of 1.3% and wound complication rate of 0.66%. Diabetes requiring insulin and ASA Class 4 trended towards significance while renal dialysis was found to be a significant risk factors in logistic regression. This information may be useful for preoperative counseling and discussion with patients who have these risk factors.
Time for Retirement: Comparative Studies of Early Exit from the Labor Force

1. The changing balance of work and retirement Martin Kohli and Martin Rein 2. The evolution of early exit: a comparative analysis of labor force participation patterns Klaus Jacobs, Martin Kohli and Martin Rein 3. Testing the industry-mix hypothesis of early exit Klaus Jacobs, Martin Kohli and Martin Rein 4. The Netherlands: an extreme case Bert de Vroom and Martin Blomsma 5. France: massive exit through unemployment compensation Anne-Marie Guillemard 6. Germany: The diversity of pathways Klaus Jacobs, Martin Kohli and Martin Rein 7. Great Britain: The contradictions of early exit Frank Laczko and Chris Phillipson 8. The United States: The privatization of exit Harold L. Sheppard 9. Sweden: partial exit Eskil Wadensjo 10. Hungary: exit from the state economy Julia Szalai 11. Pathways and their prospects: a comparative interpretation of the meaning of early exit Anne-Marie Guillemard and Herman van Gunsteren Index.
PV-grid system in mismatch operating mode: Improvement through a new voltage balancing method in multilevel NPC inverters

In this paper a balancing control of the dc input voltage of a 3-Level and 5-Level Neutral Point Clamped Inverters (3L-npc and 5L-npc) is proposed. In renewable applications and injection to AC bus, are often used boost converters and inverter. The proposed control allows independent MPPT for each source in a Distributed-MPPT (DMPPT) configuration. It is known that the DMMPT offers improvements in annual energy compared to a Centralized-MPPT (CMPPT). A model for current in neutral point is proposed for 3L-npc. Furthermore, a generalization of balancing algorithm for 5L-npc is presented. The local stability of the balancing is ensured. The effectiveness is validated by simulations and experimental results.
Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Management Protocols

This document describes the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Certificate Management Protocols. Protocol messages are defined for all relevant aspects of certificate creation and management. Note that "certificate" in this document refers to an X.509v3 Certificate as defined in [COR95, X509-AM].
Accountable Protocols in Abductive Logic Programming

Finding the entity responsible for an unpleasant situation is often difficult, especially in artificial agent societies. SCIFF is a formalization of agent societies, including a language to describe rules and protocols, and an abductive proof procedure for compliance checking. However, how to identify the entity responsible for a violation is not always clear. In this work, a definition of accountability for artificial societies is formalized in SCIFF. Two tools are provided for the designer of interaction protocols: a guideline, in terms of syntactic features that ensure accountability of the protocol, and an algorithm (implemented in a software tool) to investigate if, for a given protocol, nonaccountability issues could arise.