Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Security Mechanisms in Multi- cloud Environment

The advantage of cloud computing is everlasting but it brings more issues including security. Double-checking the security of cloud computing is a foremost factor in the cloud computing natural environment, as users often store sensitive data with cloud storage providers but these providers may be untrusted. Cloud storage providers may be single cloud or multi-cloud. But it is found that the research into the use of multi-clouds providers to maintain security has received less attention from the research community than the use of single clouds. This paper surveys many running research related to single clouds and multi-clouds security and address possible solutions and methodology. The main focus of this paper is use of multi-clouds and data security and reduce security risks. This paper gives a comparative analysis of various security mechanisms like HAIL[8], ICStore[10], RACS[9], DepSky model[7] using secret sharing algorithms[14]. Thus it could assist in analyzing best fit scenario for elegant secured cloud computing environment.
Consistency and inconsistency in network meta-analysis: model estimation using multivariate meta-regression‡

Network meta‐analysis (multiple treatments meta‐analysis, mixed treatment comparisons) attempts to make the best use of a set of studies comparing more than two treatments. However, it is important to assess whether a body of evidence is consistent or inconsistent. Previous work on models for network meta‐analysis that allow for heterogeneity between studies has either been restricted to two‐arm trials or followed a Bayesian framework. We propose two new frequentist ways to estimate consistency and inconsistency models by expressing them as multivariate random‐effects meta‐regressions, which can be implemented in some standard software packages. We illustrate the approach using the mvmeta package in Stata. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microsatellite BM1500 polymorphism and milk production traits in Vechur and crossbred cattle of Kerala.

Vechur (Bos indicus) is the only native cattle breed of Kerala. The present study was aimed at leptin gene polymorphisms and their associations with milk production traits in 74 heads of Vechur and 108 crossbred cattle (Bos taurus × nondescript cattle) from Kerala. Microsatellite analysis was performed at the BM1500 marker, located 3.6 kb downstream from the leptin gene by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (6%). The alleles for the marker BM1500 in Vechur cattle were 126 bp, 132 bp, 136 bp, 144 bp and 150 bp whereas in crossbreds, the alleles were 126 bp, 132 bp, 136 bp, 138 bp and 144 bp. The 132 bp allele was the most abundant in Vechur and the crossbred cattle population with frequencies of 0.40 and 0.46, respectively. The 138 bp allele was absent in Vechur as against 150 bp allele in crossbreds. In comparison to earlier studies on BM1500 locus in cattle, two novel alleles of 126 and 132 bp were detected in the present study. Allele frequency was highest for 132 bp in Vechur (0.40) as well as the crossbred cattle (0.46) under study. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of BM1500 marker in Vechur was 0.6595 while 0.656 in crossbred cattle. In the association study, the highest averages of 305 day milk yield and daily milk yield were observed for Vechur and crossbred cattle possessing 136 bp allele. The highest milk fat percentages were recorded in 136 bp allele bearing Vechur animals and crossbreds possessing 138 bp allele.
QoS-Aware Autonomic Resource Management in Cloud Computing

As computing infrastructure expands, resource management in a large, heterogeneous, and distributed environment becomes a challenging task. In a cloud environment, with uncertainty and dispersion of resources, one encounters problems of allocation of resources, which is caused by things such as heterogeneity, dynamism, and failures. Unfortunately, existing resource management techniques, frameworks, and mechanisms are insufficient to handle these environments, applications, and resource behaviors. To provide efficient performance of workloads and applications, the aforementioned characteristics should be addressed effectively. This research depicts a broad methodical literature analysis of autonomic resource management in the area of the cloud in general and QoS (Quality of Service)-aware autonomic resource management specifically. The current status of autonomic resource management in cloud computing is distributed into various categories. Methodical analysis of autonomic resource management in cloud computing and its techniques are described as developed by various industry and academic groups. Further, taxonomy of autonomic resource management in the cloud has been presented. This research work will help researchers find the important characteristics of autonomic resource management and will also help to select the most suitable technique for autonomic resource management in a specific application along with significant future research directions.
Stress Test of Vehicular Communication Transceivers Using Software Defined Radio

Wireless vehicular communication is, in contrast to other terrestrial types of wireless communications, more dynamic in nature. Both the transmitter and the receiver are moving at high speeds relative to each other, which generates highly dynamic wireless channels. Such channels are characterized by short stationarity regions and large Doppler spreads. Modem manufacturers face a challenge when designing and implementing equipment for such environments. Similarly, for testing and evaluation real-life measurements with vehicles are required, which often is an expensive and slow process. This paper tackles this problem by proposing a method for stress testing transceivers based on the design and implementation of a real-time wireless channel emulator for wireless vehicular communications using a software defined radio (SDR). The emulator together with the proposed test methodology enable quick on-bench evaluation of wireless modems. In the paper we also apply the test on two different IEEE 802.11p modem implementations and characterize the packet error rate performance for different Doppler-delay combinations.
Repeat Baseline Assessment in College-Age Athletes

Repeat baseline testing scores from one collegiate Division I NCAA school were analyzed to determine the necessity of this practice. ImPACT tests were taken between 13 and 40 months apart (median 24 months; final N = 67). No significant difference in any test composite score was obtained; the number of tests exceeding chance levels of change was insignificant. The results do not support the recommendation for repeating baseline testing in college athletes; replication is recommended.
Automated Japanese essay scoring system:jess

We have developed an automated Japanese essay scoring system named jess. The system evaluates an essay from three features: (1) rhetoric - ease of reading, diversity of vocabulary, percentage of big words (long, difficult words), and percentage of passive sentences; (2) organization - characteristics associated with the orderly presentation of ideas, such as rhetorical features and linguistic cues; (3) contents - vocabulary related to the topic, such as relevant information and precise or specialized vocabulary. The final evaluated score is calculated by deducting from a perfect score assigned by a learning process using editorials and columns from the Mainichi Daily News newspaper. A diagnosis for the essay is also given. Our system does not need any essays graded by human experts.
Design of the New Life ( style ) study : a randomised controlled trial to optimise maternal weight development during pregnancy . [ ISRCTN 85313483 ]

Background: Preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy is potentially important in the prevention of overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age. However, few intervention studies aiming at weight management during pregnancy have been performed and most of these interventions were not as successful as expected. In this paper the design of the New Life(style) study is described as well as the content of the individually tailored intervention program, which focuses on controlling weight development during pregnancy. Methods: The effectiveness of the New Life(style) intervention program versus usual care by midwives is evaluated in a randomised controlled trial. Women who expect their first child and visit one of the participating midwifery practices are included. The intervention is standardised in a protocol and executed by trained counsellors with the women who are randomised in the intervention group. During 5 sessions – at 18, 22, 30 and 36 weeks of pregnancy and at 8 weeks postpartum – individual weight gain is discussed in relation to weight gain guidelines for pregnant women of the American Institute of Medicine. Counsellors coach the women to maintain or optimise a healthy lifestyle, in a period of drastic physical and mental changes. Data is collected at 15, 25, 35 weeks of pregnancy and at 6, 26, and 52 weeks after delivery. Primary outcome measures are body weight, BMI, and skinfold thickness. Secondary outcome measures include physical activity, nutrition and blood levels of factors that are associated with energy homeostasis. Discussion: Results of the current RCT will improve the knowledge of determinants of weight gain during pregnancy, weight retention after childbirth and of the effectiveness of the intervention program that is described. Caregivers and researchers in the field of health promotion are offered more insight in specific elements of the New Life(style) intervention program. Published: 26 June 2006 BMC Public Health 2006, 6:168 doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-168 Received: 11 April 2006 Accepted: 26 June 2006 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2458/6/168 © 2006 Althuizen et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
FIT: A Distributed Database Performance Tradeoff

Designing distributed database systems is an inherently complex process, involving many choices and tradeoffs that must be considered. It is impossible to build a distributed database that has all the features that users intuitively desire. In this article, we discuss the three-way relationship between three such desirable features — fairness, isolation, and throughput (FIT) — and argue that only two out of the three of them can be achieved simultaneously.
A Divide-and-Conquer Method for Scalable Robust Multitask Learning

Multitask learning (MTL) aims at improving the generalization performance of multiple tasks by exploiting the shared factors among them. An important line of research in the MTL is the robust MTL (RMTL) methods, which use trace-norm regularization to capture task relatedness via a low-rank structure. The existing algorithms for the RMTL optimization problems rely on the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) scheme that needs repeated full singular value decomposition (SVD) operations. However, the time complexity of a full SVD is O(min(md2, m2d)) for an RMTL problem with m tasks and d features, which becomes unaffordable in real-world MTL applications that often have a large number of tasks and high-dimensional features. In this paper, we propose a scalable solution for large-scale RMTL, with either the least squares loss or the squared hinge loss, by a divide-and-conquer method. The proposed method divides the original RMTL problem into several size-reduced subproblems, solves these cheaper subproblems in parallel by any base algorithm (e.g., APG) for RMTL, and then combines the results to obtain the final solution. Our theoretical analysis indicates that, with high probability, the recovery errors of the proposed divide-and-conquer algorithm are bounded by those of the base algorithm. Furthermore, in order to solve the subproblems with the least squares loss or the squared hinge loss, we propose two efficient base algorithms based on the linearized alternating direction method, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that, with little loss of accuracy, our method is substantially faster than the state-of-the-art APG algorithms for RMTL.
Families ' Perceptions of the Ability to Pay for Early Intervention Services

One issue for families in need of early intervention services has been the determination of their ability to pay for services. The purpose of this study was to obtain information from families receiving early intervention services regarding the ability to pay for services and the impacts that fees for services have on families. Five focus groups were conducted with 38 family participants receiving early intervention services in Virginia. Two themes emerged from the perspectives family participants expressed related to how cost affects the family and their decision making regarding services. We explore implications for early intervention policy at the local, state, and federal level; early intervention practice; and future research related to cost and families' abilities to pay for services.
Slit Style HOG Feature for Document Image Word Spotting

This paper presents a word spotting method based on line-segmentation, sliding window, continuous dynamic programming, and slit style HOG feature. Our method is applicable regardless of what language is written in the manuscript because it does not require any language-dependent preprocess. The slit style HOG feature is a gradient-distribution-based feature with overlapping normalization and redundant expression, and the use of this feature improved the performance of the word spotting. We compared our method with some previously developed word spotting methods, and confirmed that our method outperforms them in both English and Japanese manuscripts.
Indigenous Evidence‐Based Effective Practice Model: Indigenous Leadership in Action

The demand for evidence‐based health practices has created a cultural challenge for Indigenous people around the world. This paper reports on the history and evolution of evidence‐based care into its mainstream status within the behavioural health field. Through the leadership of an Alaska Native tribal organisation, an international forum was convened to address the challenges of evidence‐based practice for Indigenous people. Forum participants developed a model for gathering evidence that integrates rigorous research with Indigenous knowledge and values. The model facilitates development of practices and programmes that are culturally congruent for Indigenous people, accepted and validated by the research community, and deemed supportable by private and governmental sponsors.
Intimate Exchanges: Using Computers to Elicit Self-Disclosure from Consumers

This investigation examines the dynamics associated with soliciting intimate information from consumers via computers. Experiment 1 identifies two factors--reciprocity and sequence--that affect the likelihood that people will reveal intimate information about themselves via a computer. Experiment 2 provides evidence that intimate information exchanges can affect how consumers behave in subsequent interactions. Implications for marketing research and practice are discussed. Copyright 2000 by the University of Chicago.
ON THE STATUS AND POSITIONING OF VERBAL CLITICS

I. INTRODUCTION Three fundamentally different approaches to the status of special clitics in the grammar have emerged from generative studies of pronominal clitics since the 1970's. They can broadly be characterized as the syntactic approach, the lexical approach, and the PF/post-syntactic approach, on the basis of their major assumptions. On the syntactic approach advocated since Kayne (1975), pronominal clitics are syntactically independent entities that differ syntactically from full NPs by virtue of their surface position. For some, their surface position is derived by base-generation in argument position followed by movement and incorporation by adjunction to an existing head (e. and others, has its empirical roots in clitic doubling languages like Spanish and Romanian. On the lexical approach, the complex [clitic+verb] is a lexical item formed by the word formation rules of the lexicon and directly inserted into the syntactic structure. Pronominal clitics are agreement markers spelling out phi-features. The corresponding argument position is filled with a coindexed empty category c-commanded by the clitic complex. While the derivational history is different from that under the syntactic view, the s-structure is identical to one resulting from movement and adjunction to an existing functional head. The lexical approach, whereby affixed verbal forms are constructed in the lexicon via morpho-lexical rules, is also prominent in HPSG treatments of clitics (Miller 1992; Miller and Sag 1997). The PF/post-syntactic approach is one broadly advocated by morphologists who have long held the view that pronominal clitics are the morpho-phonological spell-out of morpho-syntactic features of the verb, i.e. inflectional affixes. In the lexicon, verbs are enriched with featural information which is realized in the PF component of the grammar. One prominent view is that clitics are an instance of phrase-level morphology, that is, clitics are to phrases what (word-level) affixes are to stems (e. Regardless of differences in formal implementation, the PF view has generally been defended by scholars focusing on languages in which clitics are defined by position rather than by the category of their host, e.g., languages with second-position effects. Note that the PF view is also compatible with the claim that clitics are spelled-out as word-level (rather than phrasal) affixes. This is in fact proposed in Monachesi (1998, to appear) working within the HPSG framework. In fact, a fourth approach has emerged in recent years, which tries to reconcile the traditional syntactic view with the growing awareness that the linearization of clitics is at least …
Biomechanical considerations for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth: a systematic review of the literature, Part II (Evaluation of fatigue behavior, interfaces, and in vivo studies).

OBJECTIVE The restoration of endodontically treated teeth has long been guided by empirical rather than biomechanical concepts. Part I of this literature review presented up-to-date knowledge about changes in tissue structure and properties following endodontic therapy, as well as the behavior of restored teeth in monotonic mechanical tests or finite element analysis. The aim of the second part is to review current knowledge about the various interfaces of restored, nonvital teeth and their behavior in fatigue and clinical studies. REVIEW METHOD The basic search process included a systematic review of articles contained in the PubMed/Medline database, dating between 1990 and 2005, using single or combined key words to obtain the most comprehensive list of references; a perusal of the references of the references completed the review. RELEVANT INFORMATION AND CONCLUSIONS Nonvital teeth restored with composite resin or composite resin combined with fiber posts resisted fatigue tests and currently represent the best treatment option. In comparison to rigid metal and/or ceramic posts, when composite resin or composite resin/fiber posts fail, the occurrence of interfacial defects or severe tooth breakdown is less likely. Adhesion into the root, however, remains a challenge because of the unfavorable ovoid canal configuration, as well as critical dentin microstructure in the deepest parts of the canal. Thus, specific combinations of adhesives and cements are recommended. The clinical performance of post-and-core restorations proved satisfactory overall, in particular with a contemporary restorative approach using composite resin and fiber posts. However, the clinical literature does not clearly isolate or identify exact parameters critical to success. This, in turn, emphasizes the importance and relevance of in vitro studies to further improve the quality and long-term stability of prosthetic foundations.
DUTIR at the BioCreative V CDR Task : Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization and the Chemical-Disease Relation Extraction from Biomedical Text

Adverse drug reactions between chemicals and diseases make the topic of chemical-disease relations (CDR) become a focus that receives much concern. In this paper, we introduce our methods used to create our submissions to the BioCreative V CDR subtask, i.e. Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization (DNER) and Chemical-Induced Diseases (CID). In our DNER method, firstly, a CRF model with a dictionary is used to recognize disease mentions. Secondly, the dictionary look-up that combines the exact and approximate matching is employed to map disease mentions to disease identifiers. Finally, disambiguation is implemented by choosing a unique disease identifier for an ambiguous disease mention using extended semantic information. Experimental results show that our approach achieves an F-score of 64.46% on the test set of CDR DNER task. Our CID method combines the feature-based kernel and graph kernel. A semi-supervised learning method, Co-Training, is introduced which makes use of the unlabeled data to boost the performance of a classifier. Finally, we use the obtained model to extract the CID relations at the sentence level, and then use some rules to obtain the final results at the abstract level. Our system achieved an F-score of 52% on the development set, and an F-score of 35.52% on the test set of the CID subtask, respectively.
Offering a Precision-Performance Tradeoff for Aggregation Queries over Replicated Data

Strict consistency of replicated data is infeasible or not required by many distributed applications, so current systems often permit stale replication, in which cached copies of data values are allowed to become out of date. Queries over cached data return an answer quickly, but the stale answer may be unboundedly imprecise. Alternatively, queries over remote master data return a precise answer, but with potentially poor performance. To bridge the gap between these two extremes, we propose a new class of replication systems called TRAPP (Tradeoff in Replication Precision and Performance). TRAPP systems give each user fine-grained control over the tradeoff between precision and performance: Caches store ranges that are guaranteed to bound the current data values, instead of storing stale exact values. Users supply a quantitative precision constraint along with each query. To answer a query, TRAPP systems automatically select a combination of locally cached bounds and exact master data stored remotely to deliver a bounded answer consisting of a range that is no wider than the specified precision constraint, that is guaranteed to contain the precise answer, and that is computed as quickly as possible. This paper defines the architecture of TRAPP replication systems and covers some mechanics of caching data ranges. It then focuses on queries with aggregation, presenting optimization algorithms for answering queries with precision constraints, and reporting on performance experiments that demonstrate the fine-grained control of the precision-performance tradeoff offered by TRAPP systems