Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissociating Verbal and Spatial Working

Three experiments used position emission tomography (PET) to study the neural basis of human working memory. These studies ask whether different neural circuits underly verbal and spatial memory. In Experiment 1, subjects had to retain for 3 sec. either the names of four letters (verbal memory) or the positions of three dots (spatial memory). The PET results manifested a clear cut double dissociation, as the verbal task activated primarily left-hemisphere regions whereas the spatial task activated only right-hemisphere regions. In Experiment 2, the identical sequence of letters was presented in all conditions, and what varied was whether subjects had to remember the names of the letters (verbal memory) or their positions in the display (spatial memory). In the verbal task, activation was concentrated more in the left than the right hemisphere; in the spatial task, there was substantial activation in both hemispheres, though in key regions, there was more activation in the right than the left hemisphere. Experiment 3 studied only verbal memory, and showed that a continuous memory task activated the same regions as the discrete verbal task used in Experiment 1. Taken together, these results indicate that verbal and spatial working memory are implemented by different neural structures.
Security as a quality of service routing problem

The computer society has not yet agreed on a standard method to measure data security and consequently to date no specific security metric has been defined for routing purposes. This paper used access control, authentication and cryptography to define routing metrics. These metrics are believed to be good, reasonable and practical. Since authentication is regarded as the first line of defense, cryptography is the key tool that ensures secure transmission of data across a network and access control systems help in guaranteeing the availability of services delivered by the information system. Each metric thus demonstrates the level of achievement in preserving the three goals of security.
Female choice and manipulations of forceps size and symmetry in the earwig
 Forficula auricularia
 L.

The size and asymmetry of male secondary sexual traits are believed to convey reliable information to females concerning the quality of potential mates. Experimental manipulations of male sexual traits provide a powerful approach to the study of preference evolution. Nevertheless, the majority of studies rely on correlational evidence for selection acting on secondary sexual traits. Here we report that in three of four populations of the European earwig, Forficula auricularia, females mated sooner with males with longer forceps although there was no female preference based on forceps asymmetry. We isolated the potentially confounding influences of forceps length and asymmetry by independently manipulating each trait. Manipulations of forceps length confirmed that females preferred males with longer forceps. However, manipulations of asymmetry revealed that although females pay attention to forceps condition, they show no preferences based on asymmetry. No relationships were found between the length and asymmetry of forceps in field populations, and there were no differences in condition between symmetrical and asymmetrical males. Our results are consistent with the notion that female choice has contributed to the sexual dimorphism in earwig forceps. However, they refute the notion that fluctuating asymmetry plays a role in sexual selection. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour
BUSINESS ORIENTED RESEARCH ON CLOUD COMPUTING: INSIGHTS FROM A CITATION NETWORK AND CONTENT ANALYSIS

Research on the business perspective of cloud computing (BPCC) is a promising but emerging field. The purpose of this study is to (a) map the scope and structure of existing literature, (b) identify the most influential research papers in the field, and (c) explore the level of analysis, research methodologies, hot topics and emerging frontiers. Specifically, we use visualized citation analysis of 2205 articles and 2423 citations collected from ISI Web of Knowledge to map the field from 2005 to 2012. Our results show that the citations are particularly unevenly distributed and papers on BPCC are seldom co-cited. In addition, an in-depth content analysis of 115 articles is conducted and 11 research topics are identified. Furthermore, research gaps such as lack of solid theoretical foundation, deficiency in disaggregating cloud service layer when investigating adoption issues, and scarce of indepth analysis of business value of cloud computing are identified and a research agenda is proposed. This paper can help researchers identify how they may want to contribute to the field of BPCC.
Longitudinal Associations Between Maternal Work Stress, Negative Work-Family Spillover, and Depressive Symptoms W. Benjamin Goodman The Pennsylvania State University Ann C. CROUTER The Pennsylvania State University* The Family Life Project Key Investigators**

The current study examined associations over an 18-month period between maternal work Stressors, negative work-family spillover, and depressive symptoms in a sample of 414 employed mothers with young children living in six predominantly nonmetropolitan counties in the Eastern United States. Results from a one-group mediation model showed that a less flexible work environment and greater work pressure predicted higher levels of depressive symptoms and, further, that these associations were mediated by perceptions of negative work-family spillover. Additionally, results from a two-group mediation model suggested that work pressure predicted greater perceptions of spillover only for mothers employed full-time. Findings suggest the need for policies that reduce levels of work stress and help mothers manage their work and family responsibilities.
Assessment of eating disorders: interview versus questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE This study assessed the validity of the Eating Disorder Examination--Questionnaire (EDE-Q) in identifying eating disorder symptoms in female substance abusers. METHOD Subjects were assessed for the presence of eating disorder behaviors and attitudes using the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a semistructured interview, and the EDE-Q. The results of the two measures were then compared. RESULTS Results showed that the EDE-Q does identify eating disorders in this population. It is more accurate in assessing purging than the more complex features of binge eating and dietary restraint. DISCUSSION Eating disorders and substance abuse co-occur at a higher rate than expected by chance, and recent findings indicate that eating disorders often go undetected among patients with substance abuse. The EDE-Q appears to be an effective screening instrument for detecting the presence of eating disorder symptoms in this population.
Carbon Nanotubes in Electronics: Background and Discussion for Waste-Handling Strategies

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly being used in electronics products. CNTs have unique chemical and nanotoxicological properties, which are potentially dangerous to public health and the environment. This report presents the most recent findings of CNTs’ toxicity and discusses aspects related to incineration, recycling and potential remediation strategies including chemical and biological remediation possibilities. Our analysis shows that recycling CNTs may be challenging given their physiochemical properties and that available strategies such as power-gasification methods, biological degradation and chemical degradation may need to be combined with pre-handling routines for hazardous materials. The discussion provides the background knowledge for legislative measures concerning specialized waste handling and recycling procedures/facilities for electronics products containing CNTs.
DNA Crystals and Nanotechnology

DNA’s molecular recognition properties have made it one of the most widely used biomacromolecular construction materials. The programmed assembly of DNA oligonucleotides has been used to create complex 2D and 3D self-assembled architectures and to guide the assembly of other molecules. The origins of DNA nanotechnology are rooted in the goal of assembling DNA molecules into designed periodic arrays, i.e., crystals. Here, we highlight several DNA crystal structures, the progress made in designing DNA crystals, and look at the current prospects and future directions of DNA crystals in nanotechnology.
Solving Nonlinear Equations Using Recurrent Neural Networks

A class of recurrent neural networks is developed to solve nonlinear equations, which are approximated by a multilayer perceptron (MLP). The recurrent network includes a linear Hopfield network (LHN) and the MLP as building blocks. This network inverts the original MLP using constrained linear optimization and Newton’s method for nonlinear systems. The solution of a nonlinear equation with computer simulation illustrates the algorithm. 1 Problem Context A class of recurrent neural networks is used to solve nonlinear equations, where the motivation for using artificial neural networks is their learning capability. For this work the properties of multilayer perceptron (MLP) as universal function approximators [3] are of particular advantage: data with unknown structure, taken from a nonlinear system, are approximated by an MLP. The MLP is then inverted, i.e. the approximated equation is solved, using recurrent neural networks. This class of recurrent networks is comprised of MLPs and LHN [4] as building blocks. Finding the solution of n-dimensional nonlinear equations can be a challenging problem, even when a unique solution exists. The recurrent networks presented here employ Newton’s method for nonlinear systems [1] for the solution of such systems. The LHN perform linear optimization, and if necessary, a generalized linear Hopfield network is used to perform constrained linear optimization [5]. The solution of a nonlinear equation is presented as an application example.
Unifying Multi-Source Social Media Data for Personalized Travel Route Planning

Travel route planning aims to mine user's attributes and recommend personalized routes. How to build interest model for users and understand their real intention brings great challenges. This paper presents an approach which mines the user interest model by multi-source social media (e.g., travelogues and check-in records), and understands the user's real intention by active behavior such as point of interest (POI) inputs. In order to unify heterogeneous data from different sources, a topical package is built as the measurement space. Based on the topical package, user topical package is modeled to find user interest and route topical package is constructed to describe the attributes of each route. User's active behavior can also be considered during route planning, where top ranked routes are finally recommended. The proposed multi-source topical package (MSTP) approach is evaluated on a real dataset and compared with two state-of-the-art methods. The result shows that MSTP performs better for providing personalized travel routes.
The Influence of Mental Illnesses on Work Potential and Career Development

Despite the recent focus on work in community mental health, there has been little discussion about how consumers come to think about their future for work and careers. Little is known about how the experience of mental illnesses affects career development. Using a grounded theory approach, this study explores how consumers come to understand their potential for work. The findings confirm the importance of work and career development and the need to address these issues in community mental health services. Specifically, the analysis highlights how the experience of living with mental illnesses results in feelings of uncertainty about the future and doubt about one's capacity for work. This paper explores how mental illnesses interrupt and disrupt career development, and analyzes the process of how consumers begin to consider possibilities for the future and rebuild their identities as workers.
A revised Mint-Route protocol in wireless sensor networks

The Mint-Route routing protocol was proposed to enhance reliability by choosing adjacent link with the smallest number of lost packets as next hop in wireless sensor networks. However, since packets are transmitted over unstable wireless link, physical distance between nodes can mostly affect the reliability. So, long path with many hops is usually established between source and destination while considering current metrics. To solve this problem, we develop a revised Mint-Route protocol by considering the received packet as well as distance together while deciding parent node toward the sink. Simulations and their analysis are followed to validate the suitability of reduced end-to-end delay and enhanced reliability.
2-Amino-5-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-7-phenyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-8-ium bromide ethanol monosolvate

In the title compound, C20H22N5O+·Br−·C2H6O, the tetrahydropyrimidine ring of the bicyclic cation adopts a half-chair conformation with an equatorial orientation of the phenyl and methyl substituents. The amino group is nearly coplanar with the 1,2,4-triazole ring [interplanar angle = 4.08 (8)°] and has a slightly pyramidal configuration. The mean planes of the triazole ring and the benzene ring of the phenacyl group form a dihedral angle of 88.58 (7)°. In the crystal, N—H⋯Br, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds link the cations, anions and ethanol molecules into layers parallel to the bc plane.
On board multimachine network: PQ effects on stability studies

The paper deals with the study and analysis of the influence of power quality perturbations on the dynamic stability of synchronous machines supplying isolated power networks. The synchronizing power coefficient is considered. The theoretical stability study is extended to the non-sinusoidal and/or unbalanced systems using the Park transformation methodology. An example relevant to the electrical power system on board of a military ship is reported in order to highlight the application of the proposed method of stability analysis.
Successful retrieval of a knotted pulmonary artery catheter trapped in the tricuspid valve apparatus

We report the case of a 64-year-old patient in whom a pulmonary artery catheter formed a knot fixed within the right ventricle in the region of the tricuspid valve apparatus. Knot formation is a recognized complication associated with pulmonary artery catheters (PAC) insertion. This problem is usually dealt with by simply withdrawing the PAC until the knot impacts onto the introducer and after enlarging the puncture site by a small skin incision removing the introducer-PAC as one unit. However, we recently encountered a situation where the PAC was knotted around the tricuspid valve apparatus and could not be withdrawn. An interventional radiologist was able to unknot the catheter and release it from the tricuspid valve. We reviewed the literature related to this topic. We believe our experience could be of use to others.
Evidence for two genetically distinct DNA primase activities specified by plasmids of the B and I incompatibility groups

Plasmid ColIb-P9 of the I alpha incompatibility group is known to encode a DNA primase that acts in the conjugal transfer of the plasmid and can substitute for mutant dnaG gene product in vegetative replication of the Escherichia coli chromosome. The relevant genetic determinant (sog) has previously been cloned into a small multicopy vector plasmid. Prototype IncB plasmid R16 also suppresses host dnaG mutations. The equivalent gene(s) (pri) of R16 was cloned into plasmid pBR325 and shown by filter hybridization studies to be different from the ColI primase gene(s). The cloned fragment carrying the pri determinant encoded an enzyme which could initiate DNA synthesis in vitro on single-stranded phage M13 DNA template, but which was antigenically distinct from ColI primase. We used the cloned primase genes as probes in colony hybridization screening of strains carrying plasmids of the IncI complex and IncB group. Plasmids R64, R144 (I alpha), R621a (I gamma), RIP72, and R864a (B) contained nucleotide sequences homologous with the cloned ColI sog genes. Plasmids R805 (I xi), R724, (I delta), TP125, and PLG101 (B) showed sequence homology with the R16 pri determinant.
MAVIS: a multi-level algorithm visualization system within a collaborative distance learning environment

We present a new model for an algorithm visualization system. Our model views the visualization system as an integral part of a broader distance learning environment. As such, it supports the heterogeneity of the Internet, the visualization and the diversity of the expected users. It does so by defining a few ways for handling multi-level visualizations. First, a visualization can run in various abstraction levels of the algorithm, depending on the familiarity of the students with the studied materials. Second, a visualization can use various levels of graphics, depending on the capabilities of the client machines. Third, the messages sent between the machines can be of various levels, depending on the communication loads. Another important aspect of a distance learning environment, which is supported by our model, is to facilitate collaboration and data sharing between the students and the instructor and between the students themselves. This paper also presents a system, MAVIS, that realizes the model and demonstrates its use on case studies.
Phylogenesis and Clinical Aspects of Pandemic 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection

During the spring of 2009, a new influenza A (H1N1) virus of swine origin emerged and spread worldwide causing a pandemic influenza. Here, 329 naso-pharyngeal swabs collected from patients with flu-like symptoms were analyzed by real-time PCR for the presence of H1N1 2009 pandemic virus. Twenty-five samples collected from immunocompetent and immunodepressed patients contained the H1N1 pandemic virus. Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes showed no obvious differences in terms of similarity and/or homology between the sequences identified in immunocompetent individuals and those obtained from immunocompromised patients. Pre-existing clinical conditions may influence the outcome of H1N1 disease.
Rural-urban differences in mental health, resilience, stigma, and social support among young Australian gay men.

PURPOSE Depression and anxiety are common among young gay men, particularly in comparison with their heterosexual counterparts. Little is known about the mental health and well-being of those living in rural areas, where access to support and opportunities for connecting with other gay men may be relatively limited. We examined differences in the well-being of young rural and urban Australian gay men, including mental health, resilience, stigma-related challenges, and social support. METHODS A national online survey was conducted involving 1,034 Australian gay-identified men aged 18-39 years. FINDINGS All analyses adjusted for sociodemographic differences between the rural and urban samples. On average, rural men had significantly lower self-esteem, lower life satisfaction, lower social support, and were significantly more likely to be psychologically distressed, concerned about acceptance from others, and to conceal their sexual orientation compared to urban gay men. While resilience among the rural group was lower, this was no longer significant following sociodemographic adjustment. An examination of psychosocial predictors of psychological distress in the rural sample revealed that lower education and lower tangible support independently predicted greater distress. CONCLUSIONS Young rural Australian gay men appear to be at a considerable disadvantage with regard to mental health and well-being compared with their urban counterparts, and they may need particular attention in mental health prevention and treatment programs.
Relationships Among Expectations of Reentry Problems of International Students Living in On-Campus Apartments and Off-Campus Housing at Andrews University and Selected Student Characteristics

Problem. Andrews University has maintained a large international student population throughout the years, but no previous study exists that examines expectations of reentry problems among international students. Consequently, neither has there been data collected on important demographic variables influencing the sojourn experience of this group, nor does there exist information about relationships among demographic variables and specific reentry areas that shape the students' expectations about the return home. Method. The Expectations of Problems Upon Return to the Home Country Among International Students at Andrews University survey instrument was developed. Descriptive statistics were used to discover demographic characteristics and frequency of responses. t-tests were done to identify the presence of significant differences between selected dichotomous student characteristics and seven areas of reentry concern. One-way ANOVAs were done to explore main effects among non-dichotomous variables and two-way ANOVAs were done to explore possible interactions. Results. Unmarried students had significantly higher expectations of problems in the return experience in regard to three reentry areas: national and political conditions (p =.001), educational aspects (p =.049) and professional aspects (p =.006). Students who socialized little, or not at all, with other students from the same country had significantly lower expectations of problems in regard to professional aspects in the return experience than those who socialized more (p =.0248). Seven significant main effects and ten significant interactive effects were obtained for variables unrelated to hypotheses in the study. Conclusions. Marital status, age, level of degree program, location of Andrews University, use of English language and socialization with students from the home country represent significant student characteristics that shape expectations of reentry problems in regard to cultural adjustment, national and political conditions, professional aspects and church work adjustment. Professional integration is an issue of primary concern.
Quasi-stationary analysis for queues with temporary overload

Motivated by the high variation in transmission rates for document transfer in the Internet and file down loads from web servers, we study the buffer content in a queue with a fluctuating service rate. The fluctuations are assumed to be driven by an independent stochastic process. We allow the queue to be overloaded in some of the server states. In all but a few special cases, either exact analysis is not tractable, or the dependence of system performance in terms of input parameters (such as the traffic load) is hidden in complex or implicit characterizations. Various asymptotic regimes have been considered to develop insightful approximations. In particular, the so-called quasi-stationary approximation has proven extremely useful under the assumption of uniform stability. We refine the quasi-stationary analysis to allow for temporary instability, by studying the “effective system load” which captures the effect of accumulated work during periods in which the queue is unstable.