Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benefits and Costs of Context Reinstatement in Episodic Memory: An ERP Study

This study investigated context-dependent episodic memory retrieval. An influential idea in the memory literature is that performance benefits when the retrieval context overlaps with the original encoding context. However, such memory facilitation may not be driven by the encoding–retrieval overlap per se but by the presence of diagnostic features in the reinstated context that discriminate the target episode from competing episodes. To test this prediction, the encoding–retrieval overlap and the diagnostic value of the context were manipulated in a novel associative recognition memory task. Participants were asked to memorize word pairs presented together with diagnostic (unique) and nondiagnostic (shared) background scenes. At test, participants recognized the word pairs in the presence and absence of the previously encoded contexts. Behavioral data show facilitated memory performance in the presence of the original context but, importantly, only when the context was diagnostic of the target episode. The electrophysiological data reveal an early anterior ERP encoding–retrieval overlap effect that tracks the cost associated with having nondiagnostic contexts present at retrieval, that is, shared by multiple previous episodes, and a later posterior encoding–retrieval overlap effect that reflects facilitated access to the target episode during retrieval in diagnostic contexts. Taken together, our results underscore the importance of the diagnostic value of the context and suggest that context-dependent episodic memory effects are multiple determined.
Bioinformatics Applications Note Using the Biological Taxonomy to Access Biological Literature with Pathbinderh

PathBinderH allows users to make queries that retrieve sentences and the abstracts containing them from PubMed. Another aspect of PathBinderH is that users can specify biological taxa in order to limit searches by mentioning either the specified taxa, or their subordinate taxa, in the biological taxonomy. Although the current project requires this function only for plant taxa, the principle is extensible to the entire taxonomy. Supplementary information: A tutorial is at the tool Website. A longer paper is at class.ee. iastate.edu/berleant/s/ paperPathBinderHreport.pdf
Texture mapping for cel animation

We present a method for applying complex textures to hand-drawn characters in cel animation. The method correlates features in a simple, textured, 3-D model with features on a hand-drawn figure, and then distorts the model to conform to the hand-drawn artwork. The process uses two new algorithms: a silhouette detection scheme and a depth-preserving warp. The silhouette detection algorithm is simple and efficient, and it produces continuous, smooth, visible contours on a 3-D model. The warp distorts the model in only two dimensions to match the artwork from a given camera perspective, yet preserves 3-D effects such as self-occlusion and foreshortening. The entire process allows animators to combine complex textures with hand-drawn artwork, leveraging the strengths of 3-D computer graphics while retaining the expressiveness of traditional handdrawn cel animation. CR Categories: I.3. 3 and I.3. 7 [Computer Graphics].
Instructors acceptance of Distance Learning Management System

This study examines the factors that influence instructors' acceptance and use of the Distance Learning Management System (DLMS) and tests the applicability of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), in the context of distance learning practices in higher education. A survey was conducted to higher education instructors who involved in distance learning instruction. This study used a set of questionnaire which was adapted from TAM with three factors namely Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use and Behavioural Intention to Use. Using data from a survey to distance learning instructors (N=110), a path analysis revealed that perceived ease of use of the system had a significant impact on perceived usefulness as suggested by TAM. In addition, this study confirmed that Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness have positive effect on Behavioural Intention to Use.
Choline Acetyltransferase Activity in the Rat Trigeminal System

Abstract: Choline acetyltranferase activity was investigated in the superior cervical ganglia and in six microdissected regions of the medulla oblongata of the rat ipsilateral and contralateral to electrolytic lesions of the trigeminal sensory ganglia (Gasserian). Electrolytic lesions of the Gasserian ganglia failed to modify levels of enzymatic activity in all structures studied. This result would be an argument against the existence of a major cholinergic population of sensory neurones in the trigeminal system.
The Principal as Chief Learning Officer: Developing Teacher Leaders

Today's teachers live in a society and work in a profession where demands are continually changing and expanding. To prepare their stu dents to be successful in this society, teachers must be willing to learn continuously, expand their own abilities, and assume ever-greater lead ership roles. Principals must create an environment that supports col laboration among teachers; provides time for teachers' professional development; and recognizes, rewards, and celebrates the concept of the teacher as leader.
School, teaching, and system effectiveness: some comments on three state-of-the-art reviews

In this commentary, the 3 review papers by Reynolds et al. (this issue), Muijs et al. (this issue), and Hopkins, Stringfield, Harris, Stoll, and Mackay (this issue) on “educational effectiveness”, “teaching effectiveness”, and “school and system improvement” are discussed. In the text, the 3 papers are occasionally indicated by the acronyms EER, TE, and SSI. Topics that are dealt with are the organization of the field and the dimensions on which development in each field has been described. Next, the robustness of the knowledge base and the use of theory are discussed. The paper ends by referring to some blank spots and alternative “negative” conceptions on why plausible expectations about what works may not be met.
Optimal resiliency against mobile faults

We consider a model where malicious agents can corrupt hosts and move around in a network of processors. We consider a family of mobile fault models MF(t/n-1,/spl rho/). In MF(t/n-1,/spl rho/) there are a total of n processors, the maximum number of mobile faults is t, and their roaming pace is /spl rho/ (for example, /spl rho/=3 means that it takes an agent at least 3 rounds to "hop" to the next host). We study in these models the classical testbed problem for fault tolerant distributed computing: Byzantine agreement. It has been shown that if /spl rho/=1, then agreement cannot be reached in the presence of even one fault, unless one of the processors remains uncorrupted for a certain amount of time. Subject to this proviso, we present a protocol for MF(/sup 1///sub 3/,1), which is optimal. The running time of the protocol is O(n) rounds, also optimal for these models. <<ETX>>
Color Constancy: From Physics to Appearance

1. P.C. Glick, Fifty years of family demography: A record of social change, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 861-873 (1988); J.A. Seltzer and S.M. Bianchi, Children's contact with absent par ents, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 663 677(1988). 2. P. Bronstein and C.P. Cowan, Eds., Father hood Today: Men's Changing Role in the Family (Wiley, New York, 1988); M.E. Lamb, Ed., The Role of the Father in Child Development, rev. ed. (Wiley, New York, 1981); M.E. Lamb, Ed., The Father's Role: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Wiley, New York, 1987). 3. P.j. Caplan, Don't Blame Mother: Mending the Mother-Daughter Relationship (Harper & Row, New York, 1989); P.J. Caplan and I. Hall McCorquodale, Mother-blaming in major clinical journals, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55, 345-353 (1985). 4. V. Phares and B.E. Compas, The role of fa thers in child and adolescent psychopathology: Make room for daddy, Psychological Bulletin, 111, 387-412(1992). 5. V. Phares, Where's Poppa? : The relative lack of attention to the role of fathers in child and ado lescent psychopathology, American Psychologist, 47,656-664(1992). 6. K. Dodge, Developmental psychopathology in children of depressed mothers, Developmental Psychology, 26, 3-6 (1990); G. Downey and J.C. Coyne, Children of depressed parents: An integra tive review, Psychological Bulletin, 108, 50-76 (1990).
Joint Optimization of Coverage and Capacity Based on Power Density Distribution in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

The paper presents a joint optimization algorithm for coverage and capacity in heterogeneous cellular networks. A joint optimization objective related to capacity loss considering both coverage hole and overlap area based on power density distribution is proposed. The optimization object is a NP problem due to that the adjusting parameters are mixed with discrete and continuous, so the bacterial foraging (BF) algorithm is improved based on network performance analysis result to find a more effective direction than randomly selected. The results of simulation show that the optimization object is feasible gains a better effect than traditional method.
Personality profiles of cultures: Patterns of ethos

Culture and the human mind are deeply interdependent, because they co‐evolved. Personality traits were a preexisting feature of the primate mind and must have left an imprint on forms of culture. Trait taxonomies can structure ethnographies, by specifying institutions that reflect the operation of traits. Facets of ethos can be assessed by expert ratings or objective indicators. Ratings of ethos in Japan and the US were reliable and yielded plausible descriptions of culture. However, measures of ethos based on the analysis of stories were not meaningfully correlated with aggregate personality traits or national character stereotypes. Profiles of ethos may provide another axis that can be used with aggregate personality trait levels to predict behaviour and understand the operation of culture. Published in 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of low‐dose X‐ray irradiation and Ti particles on the osseointegration of prosthetic

Low‐dose irradiation (LDI) exhibits a positive effect on osteoblasts and inhibitory effect of inflammation. Here, we test the hypothesis that LDI can promote osseointegration and inhibit the inflammatory membrane formation in the presence of titanium (Ti) particles. Endotoxin‐free titanium particles were injected into rabbit, prior to the insertion of a Ti6‐Al‐4‐V sticks pre‐coated with hydroxyapatite. Two days after operation, both distal femurs of the animal were exposed to 0.5 Gy X‐ray irradiation. All animals were euthanized 8 weeks after the operation. The PINP concentration was determined at day 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after operation. Trabecular morphology around the implants 8 weeks after operation was assessed using micro‐CT, then the maximum push out force of simples was assessed using biomechanics test. Five samples in each group were chosen for bone histomorphology study without decalcification 8 weeks after operation. The results confirmed that the LDI can significantly improve ingrowth of bone into the prosthetic interface and stability of the prosthesis when there was no wear particles. Although promotion effects for bone formation induced by LDI can be counteracted by wear particles, LDI can significantly inhibit the interface membrane formation around the implant induced by wear particles. Based on these results, we conclude that LDI may be useful for enhancing the stability of prosthesis when there are no wear particles and for inhibiting the interface membrane formation during the early stage of aseptic loosening in the presence of wear particles. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1688–1696, 2016.
Interspecies comparison of prostate cancer gene‐expression profiles reveals genes associated with aggressive tumors

Prostate cancer (PC) is a heterogeneous disease whose aggressive phenotype is the second leading cause of cancer‐related death in men. The identification of key molecules and pathways that play a pivotal role in PC progression towards an aggressive form is crucial. A major effort towards this end has been taken by global analyses of gene expression profiles. However, the large body of data did not provide a definitive idea about the genes which are associated with the aggressive growth of PC. In order to identify such genes, we performed an interspecies comparison between several human data sets and high quality microarray data that we generated from the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) strain. The TRAMP PC mimics the histological and pathological appearance as well as the aggressive phenotype of human PC (huPC). Analysis of the microarray data, derived from microdissected TRAMP specimens removed at different stages of the disease yielded genetic signatures delineating the TRAMP PC development and progression. Comparison of the TRAMP data with a set of genes representing the core expression signature of huPC yielded a limited set genes. Some of these genes are known predictors of poor prognosis in huPC. Interestingly, the modulation of genes responsible for the invasive phenotype of huPC occurs in TRAMP already during the transition to prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and onwards to localized tumors. We therefore suggest that critical oncogenic events leading to an aggressive phenotype of huPC can be studied in the PIN stage of TRAMP. Prostate 69:1034–1044, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Performance Comparison of ESVM and CSVM for Classifying the Lung Nodules on CT Scans

The nodules and the multiple times larger non-nodules of the regions of interested(ROIs) in lung areas are achieved, that would lead to a serious imbalance on the sample data. Many scholars have proposed some algorithms to solve this problem. In this paper, in order to guarantee that there is no correlation among the extracted characteristics, the PCA method is adopted to optimize and reduce dimensions, and then the modified support vector machine(SVM) classifiers using the sequential minimal optimization(SMO) algorithm and the grid research method are proposed to improve the computing efficiency. Furthermore, the abundant lung CT images from the hospital partnership could confirm the experimental results. We compare the classification performance between the ensemble SVM(ESVM) classifier and the cost-sensitive SVM(CSVM) classifier to deal with this problem. Experimental results show the performance of the CSVM classifier based on grid search is satisfactory than the ESVM.
A Kinesthetic Washout Filter for Force-Feedback Rendering

Today haptic feedback can be designed and associated to audiovisual content (haptic-audiovisuals or HAV). Although there are multiple means to create individual haptic effects, the issue of how to properly adapt such effects on force-feedback devices has not been addressed and is mostly a manual endeavor. We propose a new approach for the haptic rendering of HAV, based on a washout filter for force-feedback devices. A body model and an inverse kinematics algorithm simulate the user's kinesthetic perception. Then, the haptic rendering is adapted in order to handle transitions between haptic effects and to optimize the amplitude of effects regarding the device capabilities. Results of a user study show that this new haptic rendering can successfully improve the HAV experience.
A Dynamically-Moving Adaptive Grid Method Based on a Smoothed Equidistribution Principle along Coordinate Lines

In this paper a time-dependent moving-grid method is described to numerically solve timedependent partial differential equations (PDEs) in two space dimensions involving fine scale structures such as steep moving fronts, emerging steep layers, pulses and shocks. The method is based on an equidistribution principle along coordinate lines in the two spatial directions. Smoothing in the spatial direction is employed to control grid clustering and expansion. Additional smoothing in the temporal direction ensures a smooth progression of the grid points in time by preventing the points from responding too quickly to current values of the weightfunctions. Numerical results are given for a (parabolic) reactiondiffusion model and a (hyperbolic) rotating-pulse model.
The Waltham Forest SEN Conciliation Service One approach to reducing tribunal appeals

Summary This article outlines the rationale and development of one LEA's Conciliation Service which came into being in 1995 as a result of early experiences with the SEN tribunal. The article outlines the inception and aims of the Service and evaluates its practical outcomes as well as advancing conclusions for the further development of the Service and its potential value for other LEAs. The government White Paper, Excellence in Schools, presented to Parliament in July 1997 (DfEE, 1997a), and the Green Paper in October 1997 (DfEE, 1997b) indicate an intention to review and improve provision and standards for children with special educational needs (SEN), and in particular ‘to look urgently at the scope for improved mediation, to reduce the need for disputes to get as far as the SEN tribunal’. (DfEE, 1997a, p34).
JSMeter: Comparing the Behavior of JavaScript Benchmarks with Real Web Applications

JavaScript is widely used in web-based applications and is increasingly popular with developers. So-called browser wars in recent years have focused on JavaScript performance, specifically claiming comparative results based on benchmark suites such as SunSpider and V8. In this paper we evaluate the behavior of JavaScript web applications from commercial web sites and compare this behavior with the benchmarks. We measure two specific areas of JavaScript runtime behavior: 1) functions and code and 2) events and handlers. We find that the benchmarks are not representative of many real web sites and that conclusions reached from measuring the benchmarks may be misleading. Specific common behaviors of real web sites that are underem-phasized in the benchmarks include event-driven execution, instruction mix similarity, cold-code dominance, and the prevalence of short functions. We hope our results will convince the JavaScript community to develop and adopt benchmarks that are more representative of real web applications.
Visually Controlled Graphics

Interactive graphics systems that are driven by visual input are discussed. The underlying computer vision techniques and a theoretical formulation that addresses issues of accuracy, computational efficiency, and compensation for display latency are presented. Experimental results quantitatively compare the accuracy of the visual technique with traditional sensing. An extension to the basic technique to include structure recovery is discussed. >
Open-loop approach to control a Modular Multilevel Frequency Converter

Frequency converters are required to supply power from the public three-phase network to railways using 16.7 Hz single-phase in their rolling stock. The emerging Modular Multilevel Converter (M2C) technology offers the possibility to make such power conversion in one step using Modular Multilevel Frequency Converters (MMFC) with full-bridge sub-modules. A detailed study of the modulation and control of such converters is presented in this paper. The voltage inserted by each arm of the MMFC is a mixture of the three-phase 50 Hz voltage and the single phase 16.7 Hz voltage. It is important that the voltage reference given to the modulator will be carefully reproduced by the converter because any deviation can introduce undesired frequency components from the single-phase side to the three-phase side and vice versa. The fact that the low frequency, single-phase load causes low-frequency ripple in the total capacitor voltage complicates the problem to generate the correct modulation pattern. In this paper it is proposed to solve that difficulty by estimating the instaneous total capacitor voltages in each arm and provide that information to the modulator. It is shown that such estimations can be performed using measured currents on the single- and three-phase sides. Stable single-phase voltage, symmetrical undistorted three-phase currents and stable converter capacitor voltages are achieved under varying loading conditions. Models in Matlab/Simulink (continuous) and EMTDC/PSCAD (discrete sub-modules) have been developed in this study.
Antibacterial Properties of 3 H-Spiro[1-benzofuran-2,1’-cyclohexane] Derivatives from Heliotropium filifolium

A re-examination of cuticular components of Heliotropium filifolium allowed the isolation of four new compounds: 3’-hydroxy-2’,2’,6’-trimethyl-3H-spiro[1-benzo-furan-2,1’-cyclohexane]-5-carboxylic acid (2), methyl 3’-acetyloxy-2’,2’,6’-trimethyl-3H-spiro[1-benzofuran-2,1’-cyclohexane]-5-carboxylate (3), methyl 3’-isopentanoyloxy-2’,2’,6’-trimethyl-3H-spiro[1-benzofuran-2,1’-cyclohexane]-5-carboxylate (4) and methyl 3’-benzoyloxy-2’,2’,6’-trimethyl-3H-spiro[1-benzofuran-2,1’-cyclohexane]-5-carboxylate (5). Compounds 2-5 were identified by their spectroscopic analogies with filifolinol (1), and their structures confirmed by chemical correlation with 1. The antimicrobial properties of the compounds were tested against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Some of them proved to be active against Gram positive, but inactive against Gram negative bacteria. In searching for structure-activity relationships from the obtained MIC values, lipophilicity was shown to be an important variable.
Horizontal Information Drives the Behavioral Signatures of Face Processing

Recent psychophysical evidence indicates that the vertical arrangement of horizontal information is particularly important for encoding facial identity. In this paper we extend this notion to examine the role that information at different (particularly cardinal) orientations might play in a number of established phenomena each a behavioral “signature” of face processing. In particular we consider (a) the face inversion effect (FIE), (b) the facial identity after-effect, (c) face-matching across viewpoint, and (d) interactive, so-called holistic, processing of face parts. We report that filtering faces to remove all but the horizontal information largely preserves these effects but conversely, retaining vertical information generally diminishes or abolishes them. We conclude that preferential processing of horizontal information is a central feature of human face processing that supports many of the behavioral signatures of this critical visual operation.
The Perceptions and Experiences of Taiwanese Parents who have Children with an Intellectual Disability

Most research into family care‐giving has been undertaken in western, English‐speaking societies with little cognisance taken of possible differences across cultures. Home‐based interviews were conducted with 117 mothers and fathers in Taipei City, Taiwan and five main themes were identified using content analysis. Three themes expressed the impact of the child on family functioning, parental health, and levels of stress and two themes described parents’ coping strategies and sources of support. Although these themes broadly replicate findings from other cultures, certain features of Taiwanese–Chinese society appear to accentuate the impact on mothers especially of having a child with an intellectual disability. The implications for the provision of family‐centred services are discussed, especially in helping parents to recognise their strengths and coping capabilities, and to promote their influence in changing cultural attitudes.