Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nematostella vectensis achaete-scute homolog NvashA regulates embryonic ectodermal neurogenesis and represents an ancient component of the metazoan neural specification pathway

achaete-scute homologs (ash) regulate neural development in all bilaterian model animals indicating that they represent a component of the ancestral neurogenic pathway. We test this by investigating four ash genes during development of a basal metazoan, the cnidarian sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Spatiotemporal expression of ash genes in the early embryo and larval stages suggests that they regulate neurogenesis. More specifically, NvashA is co-expressed with neural genes in the embryonic ectoderm. Knockdown of NvashA results in decreased expression of eight neural markers, including the six novel neural targets identified here. Conversely, overexpression of NvashA induces increased expression of all eight genes, but only within their normal axial domains. Overexpression of NvashB-D differentially increases expression of NvashA targets. The expression patterns and differential ability of ash genes to regulate neural gene expression reveals surprising molecular complexity in these ‘simple’ animals. These data suggest that achaete-scute homologs functioned in the ancestral metazoan neurogenic pathway and provide a foundation to investigate further the evolution of neurogenesis and the origin of complex central nervous systems.
On unitality conditions for Hom-associative algebras

In hom-associative structures, the associativity condition $(xy)z=x(yz)$ is twisted to $\alpha(x)(yz) = (xy)\alpha(z)$, with $\alpha$ a map in the appropriate category. In the present paper, we consider two different unitality conditions for hom-associative algebras. The first one, existence of a unit in the classical sense, is stronger than the second one, which we call weak unitality. We show associativity conditions connected to the size of the image of the twisting map for unital hom-associative algebras. Also the problem of embedding arbitrary hom-associative algebras into unital or weakly unital ones is investigated. Finally, we show that weakly unital hom-associative algebras with bijective twisting map are twisted versions of associative algebras.
CARRIER FREQUENCY OFFSET ESTIMATION IN OFDM SYSTEMS

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is multicarrier modulation scheme for combating channel impairments such as severe multipath fading and impulsive noise. However, the principal disadvantage of OFDM is that it is highly susceptible to carrier frequency offset (CFO). Carrier frequency offset occurs due to frequency discrepancies between transmitter and receiver and Doppler shift of the mobile channel. The impact of CFO are the loss of orthogonality among subcarriers, inter subcarrier interference, accumulation of phase error over successive symbols. These effects can degrade system performance to a significant extent. In order to rectify the aforementioned issues, a signal processing algorithm is to be developed to estimate frequency offset and correct it.
Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Gene and Brain Morphometry in Schizophrenia

Myelin and oligodendrocyte disruption may be a core feature of schizophrenia pathophysiology. The purpose of the present study was to localize the effects of previously identified risk variants in the myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) gene on brain morphometry in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Forty-five schizophrenia patients and 47 matched healthy controls underwent clinical, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and genetics procedures. Gray and white matter cortical lobe volumes along with hippocampal volumes were calculated from T1-weighted MRI scans. Each subject was also genotyped for the two disease-associated MAG single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs720308 and rs720309). Repeated measures general linear model (GLM) analysis found significant region by genotype and region by genotype by diagnosis interactions for the effects of MAG risk variants on lobar gray matter volumes. No significant associations were found with lobar white matter volumes or hippocampal volumes. Follow-up univariate GLMs found the AA genotype of rs720308 predisposed schizophrenia patients to left temporal and parietal gray matter volume deficits. These results suggest that the effects of the MAG gene on cortical gray matter volume in schizophrenia patients can be localized to temporal and parietal cortices. Our results support a role for MAG gene variation in brain morphometry in schizophrenia, align with other lines of evidence implicating MAG in schizophrenia, and provide genetically based insight into the heterogeneity of brain imaging findings in this disorder.
yaImpute: An R Package for kNN Imputation

This article introduces yaImpute, an R package for nearest neighbor search and imputation. Although nearest neighbor imputation is used in a host of disciplines, the methods implemented in the yaImpute package are tailored to imputation-based forest attribute estimation and mapping. The impetus to writing the yaImpute is a growing interest in nearest neighbor imputation methods for spatially explicit forest inventory, and a need within this research community for software that facilitates comparison among different nearest neighbor search algorithms and subsequent imputation techniques. yaImpute provides directives for defining the search space, subsequent distance calculation, and imputation rules for a given number of nearest neighbors. Further, the package offers a suite of diagnostics for comparison among results generated from different imputation analyses and a set of functions for mapping imputation results.
Interpolation-based QR decomposition in MIMO-OFDM systems

The extension of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) sphere decoding from the narrowband case to wideband systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) requires the computation of a QR decomposition for each of the data-carrying OFDM tones. Since the number of data-carrying tones ranges from 48 (as in the IEEE 802.11a/g standards) to 6817 (as in the DVB-T standard), the corresponding computational complexity will in general be significant. This paper presents two algorithms for interpolation-based QR decomposition in MIMO-OFDM systems. An in-depth computational complexity analysis shows that the proposed algorithms, for a sufficiently high number of data-carrying tones and small channel order exhibit significantly smaller complexity than brute-force per-tone QR decomposition.
Reading Empirical Research Studies: The Rhetoric of Research

Contents: Introduction to Empirical Research and Rhetoric: Reading in a Developing Tradition. Reading Research Reports. R.A. Hunt, Reading Literature. R.L. Enos, Archeology of Literacy. J. Nelson, Writing in the Academy: What Really Happens. C. Haas, J.L. Funk, Communication in Cross Cultural Contexts. M. Floriak, Communicating with Low-Literate Adults. S.B. Heath, C. ThomasBedtime Stories in the Piedmont. R. Braddock, The Elusive Topic Sentence. J.F. Bauman, J.K. Serra, Replicating Braddock. G. Shumacher, J.G. Nash, B.T. Scott, M.K. Brezin, D.A. Lampert, S.E. Stein, Reporting on Journalists. W.L. Smith, Teaching Experience and Placement Skill. S.W. Freedman, Writing for Different Professional Audiences: Telling Teachers and Researchers About Text Evaluation. D.L. Wallace, J.R. Hayes, Defining Writing Tasks for Students. A.M. O'Donnell, D.F. Dansereau, T. Rocklin, J.G. Lambiotte, V.I. Hythecker, C.O. Larson, The Impact of Cooperative Writing. R. Beach, L. Wendler, Development of Literary Awareness. G. Hillocks, Jr., Experimenting in Schools. R.J. Bracewell, Metacognition in Writing. N.N. Spivey, Writing from Sources. M. Palmquist, R.E Young, Is Writing a Gift? The Impact on Students Who Believe It Is.
Joint Base Station Association and Power Allocation for Uplink Sum-Power Minimization

In this paper, the problem of sum-power minimization with Quality of Service (QoS) for a multicell multi-user uplink is addressed. This Power Control (PC) problem is formulated as a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) optimization problem and solved using a primal-dual infeasible-interior-point method (IIPM) after obtaining an equivalent non-linear programming (NLP) problem. Feasibility issues are handled by l1-norm heuristics. Most of the iterative algorithms solve Power Allocation (PA) and Base Station Association (BSA) alternately with one of them fixed.With IIPM, PA and BSA are solved simultaneously thereby reducing it to a single stage problem. Simulation results are balanced as in the max-min case and converge to the optimum obtained by an existing exhaustive search. The advantage of l1-norm infeasibility handing is also evident.
Response of cytoplasmic pH to anoxia in plant tissues with altered activities of fermentation enzymes: application of methyl phosphonate as an NMR pH probe.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acidification of the cytoplasm is a commonly observed response to oxygen deprivation in plant tissues that are intolerant of anoxia. The response was monitored in plant tissues with altered levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) with the aim of assessing the contribution of the targeted enzymes to cytoplasmic pH (pH(cyt)) regulation. METHODS The pH(cyt) was measured by in vivo (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using methyl phosphonate (MeP) as a pH probe. The potential toxicity of MeP was investigated by analysing its effect on the metabolism of radiolabelled glucose. KEY RESULTS MeP accumulated to detectable levels in the cytoplasm and vacuole of plant tissues exposed to millimolar concentrations of MeP, and the pH-dependent (31)P NMR signals provided a convenient method for measuring pH(cyt) values in tissues with poorly defined signals from the cytoplasmic inorganic phosphate pool. Pretreatment of potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber slices with 5 mm MeP for 24 h did not affect the metabolism of [U-(14)C]glucose or the pattern of (14)CO(2) release from specifically labelled [(14)C]-substrates. Time-courses of pH(cyt) measured before, during and after an anoxic episode in potato tuber tissues with reduced activities of LDH, or in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves with increased activities of PDC, were indistinguishable from their respective controls. CONCLUSIONS MeP can be used as a low toxicity (31)P NMR probe for measuring intracellular pH values in plant tissues with altered levels of fermentation enzymes. The measurements on transgenic tobacco leaves suggest that the changes in pH(cyt) during an anoxic episode are not dominated by fermentation processes; while the pH changes in the potato tuber tissue with reduced LDH activity show that the affected isozymes do not influence the anoxic pH response.
A theology for the social gospel

A Theology for the Social Gospel is undoubtedly Walter Rauschenbusch's most enduring work. It is here that Rauschenbusch, the father of the social gospel in the United States, articulates the theological roots of social activism that surged forth from mainline Protestant churches in the early part of the twentieth century. Skillfully examining the great theological issues of the Christian faith--sin, evil, salvation, and the kingdom of God--Rauschenbauch offers a powerful justification for the church to fully engage society. The Library of Theological Ethics series focuses on what it means to think theologically and ethically. It presents a selection of important and otherwise unavailable texts in easily accessible form. Volumes in this series will enable sustained dialogue with predecessors though reflection on classic works in the field.
DIGITAL LOW-COST REMOTE SENSING WITH PFIFF , THE INTEGRATED DIGITAL REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM

Beside high end digital imaging systems which will replace standard photogrammetric cameras in the future, a large number of “lowcost” airborne systems were developed in the last years. The system PFIFF, a digital airborne remote sensing system developed by the author, is described in detail with special respect to demonstrate the photogrammetric potential of PFIFF. The demand for current digital data of “hot spots” for various purposes is strongly increasing. in the last years several digital airborne systems were developed in the research community and for commercial use to fulfil this demand. A categorization in terms of their main components and their generated products is given. The system PFIFF, a digital airborne remote sensing system, developed by the author, is described in detail with special respect to the demands and problems of high resolution urban surveys.
Regulation of Human ADAM 12 Protease by the Prodomain

The ADAMs (a disintegrinand metalloprotease) are a family of multidomain proteins that are believed to play key roles in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. We have shown recently that human ADAM 12-S (meltrin α) is an active metalloprotease. It is synthesized as a zymogen, with the prodomain maintaining the protease in a latent form. We now provide evidence that the latency mechanism of ADAM 12 can be explained by the cysteine switch model, in which coordination of Zn2+ in the active site of the catalytic domain by a cysteine residue in the prodomain is critical for inhibition of the protease. Replacing Cys179 with other amino acids results in an ADAM 12 proform that is proteolytically active, but latency can be restored by placing cysteine at other positions in the propeptide. None of the amino acids adjacent to the crucial cysteine residue is essential for blocking activity of the protease domain. In addition to its latency function, the prodomain is required for exit of ADAM 12 protease from the endoplasmic reticulum. Tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-1, -2, and -3 were not found to block proteolytic activity of ADAM 12, hence a physiological inhibitor of ADAM 12 protease in the extracellular environment remains to be identified.
Novel droplet platforms for the detection of disease biomarkers

Personalized medicine – healthcare based on individual genetic variation – has the potential to transform the way healthcare is delivered to patients. The promise of personalized medicine has been predicated on the predictive and diagnostic power of genomic and proteomic biomarkers. Biomarker screening may help improve health outcomes, for example, by identifying individuals’ susceptibility to diseases and predicting how patients will respond to drugs. Microfluidic droplet technology offers an exciting opportunity to revolutionize the accessibility of personalized medicine. A framework for the role of droplet microfluidics in biomarker detection can be based on two main themes. Emulsion-based microdroplet platforms can provide new ways to measure and detect biomolecules. In addition, microdroplet platforms facilitate high-throughput screening of biomarkers. Meanwhile, surface-based droplet platforms provide an opportunity to develop miniaturized diagnostic systems. These platforms may function as portable benchtop environments that dramatically shorten the transition of a benchtop assay into a point-of-care format.
Combination Prediction for Short-term Traffic Flow Based on Artificial Neural Network

As the basis of urban traffic control and guidance, the prediction for short-term traffic flow is constrained by its dynamic properties. To build an optimum model and enhance the predicting accuracy of the traffic flow, a combination prediction algorithm based on neural network is proposed. According to the algorithm, the first Lyapunov exponent and recurrence plot are used to analyze the forecasting property of a traffic flow, and a set of predicting models are determined corresponding to the analysis. The predicted results of the traffic flow are obtained by a nonlinear combination model based on a neural network. Both simulated and real detected traffic volume are used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm
Requirement of Notch in adulthood for neurological function and longevity

Although Notch proteins rely upon presenilins for activation and can modulate neuritic architecture, their role in aging adults and Alzheimer's disease is unknown. Here we examine Drosophila in which Notch function was selectively diminished in adulthood. An outcrossing strategy was employed to reduce the effect of recessive modifiers of lifespan, and a temperature-sensitive allele or inducible dominant-negative Notch transgenes were used to reduce Notch function. A progressive neurological syndrome with loss of flight and shortened lifespan was observed in adults with compromised Notch function. Notch protein persists in aging adult Drosophila brains. However, no evidence of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system was detected. We conclude that Notch activity is constitutively required in the adult fly for neurological function.
Identification, characterization, and grounding of gradable terms in clinical text

Gradable adjectives are inherently vague and are used by clinicians to document medical interpretations (e.g., severe reaction, mild symptoms). We present a comprehensive study of gradable adjectives used in the clinical domain. We automatically identify gradable adjectives and demonstrate that they have a substantial presence in clinical text. Further, we show that there is a speciﬁc pattern associated with their usage, where certain medical concepts are more likely to be described using these adjectives than others. Inter-pretation of statements using such adjectives is a barrier in medical decision making. Therefore, we use a simple probabilistic model to ground their meaning based on their usage in context.
SHORT: Shortest Hop Routing Tree for Wireless Sensor Networks

For time-sensitive applications requiring frequent data collections from a remote wireless sensor network, it is a challenging task to design an efficient routing scheme that can minimize delay and also offer good performance in energy efficiency, network lifetime and throughput. In this paper, we propose a new routing scheme, called Shortest Hop Routing Tree (SHORT), to achieve those design objectives through effectively generating simultaneous communication pairs and identifying the shortest hop (closest neighbor) for packet relay. Compared with the existing popular schemes such as PEGASIS, BINARY and PEDAP-PA, SHORT offers the best "energy x delay" performance and has the capability to achieve a very good balance among different performance metrics.
Deep Diagnostics: Applying Convolutional Neural Networks for Vessels Defects Detection

Coronary angiography is considered to be a safe tool for the evaluation of coronary artery disease and perform in approximately 12 million patients each year worldwide. [1] In most cases, angiograms are manually analyzed by a cardiologist. Actually, there are no clinical practice algorithms which could improve and automate this work. Neural networks show high efficiency in tasks of image analysis and they can be used for the analysis of angiograms and facilitate diagnostics. We have developed an algorithm based on Convolutional Neural Network and Neural Network U-Net [2] for vessels segmentation and defects detection such as stenosis. For our research we used anonymized angiography data obtained from one of the city's hospitals and augmented them to improve learning efficiency. U-Net usage provided high quality segmentation and the combination of our algorithm with an ensemble of classifiers shows a good accuracy in the task of ischemia evaluation on test data. Subsequently, this approach can be served as a basis for the creation of an analytical system that could speed up the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and greatly facilitate the work of a specialist.
Cyanobacteria Associated with Anopheles albimanus (Diptera: Culicidae) Larval Habitats in Southern Mexico

Abstract Cyanobacteria associated with Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann larval habitats from southern Chiapas, Mexico, were isolated and identified from water samples and larval midguts using selective medium BG-11. Larval breeding sites were classified according to their hydrology and dominant vegetation. Cyanobacteria isolated in water samples were recorded and analyzed according to hydrological and vegetation habitat breeding types, and mosquito larval abundance. In total, 19 cyanobacteria species were isolated from water samples. Overall, the most frequently isolated cyanobacterial taxa were Phormidium sp. , Oscillatoria sp. , Aphanocapsa cf. littoralis, Lyngbya lutea, P. animalis, and Anabaena cf. spiroides. Cyanobacteria were especially abundant in estuaries, irrigation canals, river margins and mangrove lagoons, and more cyanobacteria were isolated from Brachiaria mutica, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Hymenachne amplexicaulis habitats. Cyanobacteria were found in habitats with low to high An. albimanus larval abundance, but Aphanocapsa cf. littoralis was associated with habitats of low larval abundance. No correlation was found between water chemistry parameters and the presence of cyanobacteria, however, water temperature (29.2–29.4°C) and phosphate concentration (79.8–136.5 ppb) were associated with medium and high mosquito larvae abundance. In An. albimanus larval midguts, only six species of cyanobacteria were isolated, the majority being from the most abundant cyanobacteria in water samples.
Revisit of Automatic Debugging via Human Focus-Tracking Analysis

In many fields of software engineering, studies on human behavior have attracted a lot of attention; however, few such studies exist in automated debugging. Parnin and Orso conducted a pioneering study comparing the performance of programmers in debugging with and without a ranking-based fault localization technique, namely Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL). In this paper, we revisit the actual helpfulness of SBFL, by addressing some major problems that were not resolved in Parnin and Orso’s study. Our investigation involved 207 participants and 17 debugging tasks. A user-friendly SBFL tool was adopted. It was found that SBFL tended not to be helpful in improving the efficiency of debugging. By tracking and analyzing programmers’ focus of attention, we characterized their source code navigation patterns and provided in-depth explanations to the observations. Results indicated that (1) a short “first scan” on the source code tended to result in inefficient debugging; and (2) inspections on the pinpointed statements during the “follow-up browsing” were normally just quick skimming. Moreover, we found that the SBFL assistance may even slightly weaken programmers’ abilities in fault detection. Our observations imply interference between the mechanism of automated fault localization and the actual assistance needed by programmers in debugging. To resolve this interference, we provide several insights and suggestions.