Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Promotional Materials on Attitudes and Fear towards Colorectal Cancer Screening among Chinese Older Adults: An Experimental Study

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is a cost-effective prevention and control strategy. However, the promotion of CRC screening for older adults may be difficult because reading CRC prevention information may evoke embarrassment, fear, and anxiety towards the screening procedure and cancer diagnosis. This study aims to (1) examine the effects of three promotional materials for CRC screening on the attitudes toward CRC screening tests (screening interest, screening effectiveness, and trust in the screening results) and cancer fear, and (2) to explore the interaction effect of cancer fear with screening effectiveness and trust in the screening results on screening interest of the three screening tests (fecal occult blood test (FOBT), flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy) among Chinese older adults. A total of 114 community-dwelling older adults were asked to look at the corresponding promotional materials (pamphlet, cartoon, and video) of one of the three study groups. The pamphlet and video represent convention strategies and the cartoon represents an innovative strategy. No significant difference was observed in the screening interest and cancer fear across groups. FOBT was the most preferred screening modality. The video group has a large proportion agreed screening effectiveness of flexible sigmoidoscopy than pamphlet and cartoon groups and trusted in the screening results for FOBT and flexible sigmoidoscopy than the pamphlet group. Logistic regression results showed that the effect of trust in the screening results on screening interest for colonoscopy was greater among participants with higher cancer fear than those with lower cancer fear level. In conclusion, the three promotional groups had produced similar results in their attitudes toward CRC screening and cancer fear. The use of cartoons may be a comparable approach with conventional methods in the promotion of CRC screening. Additional components that can arouse fear and boost response efficacy simultaneously might also be useful for the effective promotion of colonoscopy among Chinese older adults.
A visual attention model based on wavelet transform and its application on ship detection

Human visual system is very efficient and selective in scene analysis, which has been widely used in image processing. In this paper, a new visual attention model based on dyadic wavelet transform (DWT) used for ship detection is proposed. It is a bottom-up visual attention model driven by data rather than by task. First, the input image is converted from RGB color space to HIS color space. Second, the modulus of DWT is analyzed to obtain the conspicuity map of each feature. Third, the conspicuity maps are combined into the saliency map nonlinearly, different from Itti's method, the contribution rate of each conspicuity map to final saliency map is not equal. It is relevant to the difference between the level of the most active region and the average level of the other active regions in each conspicuity map. Finally, the detection result of ships based on saliency map is got by region growing method, where the seed is obtained from the saliency map and the growing process is implemented in intensity image. Experiments on natural ship images show that our method is robust and efficient compared with Itti's and Hou's method.
Comparison of the Effect of Olive Oil, Aloe Vera Extract and Breast Milk on Healing of Breast Fissure in Lactating Mothers: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Methods: In this clinical trial, 90 lactating mothers with breast fissure in Gonabad city (2015), were divided into three groups of 30 subjects using random allocation. In the first group, mothers rubbed 0.5ml of olive oil and in the second group 0.5ml of Aloe vera extract and 3-4 drops of their milk on nipple and areola 3 times a day, after each breastfeeding. The third group rubbed 3-4 drops of milk on the nipple and areola after each breastfeeding. The visual analog scale (for determining pain severity) and store scale (for determining intensity of breast fissure), were completed at the first day (before intervention), the third day (during intervention), and the seventh day (end of intervention). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
A Novel Approach to Characterize Phosphor Particles for the Color Tuning of WLEDs

A novel approach was proposed to characterize the optical performance of phosphor particles based on a laser particle analyzer (LPA). For Sr3SiO5:Eu phosphor, under single scattering condition, the angular scattering pattern was determined based on the measured radiant powers by detector arrays located at different scattering angles in the LPA, while the relationship between scattering coefficients and phosphor concentrations was obtained by measured obscuration ratios. Ray-tracing simulations were undertaken, employing the measured optical parameters as inputs. The transmittance measurement setup was built based on a goniophotometer, and 3528 commercial white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) were packaged with the phosphor and silicone in different mixing ratios. The simulated transmittances and spectral power distributions for WLEDs were compared with measurements to verify the effectiveness of the characterized scattering parameters. The developed methodology may be used to optimize phosphors for the color tuning of WLEDs.
Selective patterning of indium tin oxide films using 1064 nm laser for microparts processing

Conventional metal microparts were fabricated by a series of complex photolithography, sputtering, sacrificial layer and release processes. This reported work demonstrates the integrated process of metal microparts using 1064 nm Nd:YVO4 laser direct-write patterning of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films on glass, followed by the electrochemical deposition of copper (Cu) on the pattern. The ITO thin film could be removed without any damage to the glass structure through the diffractive multiple Nd:YVO4 beam. A high overlapping area of the laser spot was used to pattern the electrode layer on the film surface for obtaining a 50 µm ablated edge profile with a linear boundary after laser patterning. A high quality of surface could be achieved at a proper parameter control without numerous processing steps. Compared with conventional photolithography and etching technologies, direct-write micropatterns of ITO using the Nd:YVO4 laser is a maskless, dry and low-cost process. Accordingly, the micrometal parts can be obtained using the electrochemical deposition and release process of laser-patterned ITO films because of the adhesion property of Cu on ITO.
The virome of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora margarita reveals the first report of DNA fragments corresponding to replicating non‐retroviral RNA viruses in fungi

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are key components of the plant microbiota. AMF genetic complexity is increased by the presence of endobacteria, which live inside many species. A further component of such complexity is the virome associated to AMF, whose knowledge is still very limited. Here, by exploiting transcriptomic data we describe the virome of Gigaspora margarita. A BLAST search for viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases sequences allowed the identification of four mitoviruses, one Ourmia-like narnavirus, one Giardia-like virus, and two sequences related to Fusarium graminearum mycoviruses. Northern blot and RT-PCR confirmed the authenticity of all the sequences with the exception of the F. graminearum-related ones. All the mitoviruses are replicative and functional since both positive strand and negative strand RNA are present. The abundance of the viral RNA molecules is not regulated by the presence or absence of Candidatus Glomeribacter gigasporarum, the endobacterium hosted by G. margarita, with the exception of the Ourmia-like sequence which is absent in bacteria-cured spores. In addition, we report, for the first time, DNA fragments corresponding to mitovirus sequences associated to the presence of viral RNA. These sequences are not integrated in the mitochondrial DNA and preliminary evidence seems to exclude integration in the nuclear genome.
The Complexity of Weighted Boolean #CSP

This paper gives a dichotomy theorem for the complexity of computing the partition function of an instance of a weighted Boolean constraint satisfaction problem. The problem is parameterized by a finite set $\mathcal{F}$ of nonnegative functions that may be used to assign weights to the configurations (feasible solutions) of a problem instance. Classical constraint satisfaction problems correspond to the special case of 0,1-valued functions. We show that computing the partition function, i.e., the sum of the weights of all configurations, is $\text{{\sf FP}}^{\text{{\sf\#P}}}$-complete unless either (1) every function in $\mathcal{F}$ is of “product type,” or (2) every function in $\mathcal{F}$ is “pure affine. ” In the remaining cases, computing the partition function is in P.
A 2.4-GHz 16-Phase Sub-Sampling Fractional-N PLL With Robust Soft Loop Switching

A 16-modulo fractional-N sub-sampling phase-locked loop (SSPLL) with a quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) interpolating 16 output phases is presented in this paper. Automatic soft switching between the sub-sampling phase control loop and the frequency control loop is proposed to improve loop robustness against perturbations and interferences, achieving more stable loop dynamics for a larger range of phase errors compared with prior art SSPLL designs. A capacitive phase interpolation network is implemented for 16-phase clock generation starting from quadrature phases. The 16 phases are further utilized to achieve fractional-N operation with a sub-sampling phase detector. This passive phase interpolation at the VCO frequency introduces no extra noise or power and avoids in-band phase noise degradation for fractional-N mode. Implemented in a 130-nm CMOS technology, the SSPLL chip achieves a measured in-band phase noise of −120 dBc/Hz and a measured integrated jitter of 158 fs at 2.4 GHz, while consuming 21 mW with 16 output phases. The measured reference spur and fractional spur levels are −72 and −52 dBc, respectively.
Gaussian blur estimation for photon-limited images

Blur estimation is critical to blind image deconvolution. In this work, by taking Gaussian kernel as an example, we propose an approach to estimate the blur size for photon-limited images. This estimation is based on the minimization of a novel criterion, blur-PURE (Poisson unbiased risk estimate), which makes use of the Poisson noise statistics of the measurement. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in various scenarios. This approach can be then plugged into our recent PURE-LET deconvolution algorithm, and an example on real fluorescence microscopy is presented.
Metric learning based on attribute hypergraph

In this paper, we propose an improved attribute hypergraph learning framework and adapt it for metric learning. Under the attribute hypergraph, each image is abstracted as a vertex and is contained in some hyperedges, each of which represents an attribute. The learned attribute hypergraph mines the correlation among multiple facial attributes and serves to reform the topology of the image similarity relationship in a database defined by the distance metric. By combining the merits of attribute and hypergraph, the reformed distance metric from the attribute hypergraph learning framework is able to capture the intrinsic information of the data set. Extensive experimental results on LFW data set confirm the effectiveness of the improved attribute hypergraph learning framework.
Functional Brain Imaging in Neuropsychology Over the Past 25 Years

Objective: Outline effects of functional neuroimaging on neuropsychology over the past 25 years. Method: Functional neuroimaging methods and studies will be described that provide a historical context, offer examples of the utility of neuroimaging in specific domains, and discuss the limitations and future directions of neuroimaging in neuropsychology. Results: Tracking the history of publications on functional neuroimaging related to neuropsychology indicates early involvement of neuropsychologists in the development of these methodologies. Initial progress in neuropsychological application of functional neuroimaging has been hampered by costs and the exposure to ionizing radiation. With rapid evolution of functional methods—in particular functional MRI (fMRI)—neuroimaging has profoundly transformed our knowledge of the brain. Its current applications span the spectrum of normative development to clinical applications. The field is moving toward applying sophisticated statistical approaches that will help elucidate distinct neural activation networks associated with specific behavioral domains. The impact of functional neuroimaging on clinical neuropsychology is more circumscribed, but the prospects remain enticing. Conclusions: The theoretical insights and empirical findings of functional neuroimaging have been led by many neuropsychologists and have transformed the field of behavioral neuroscience. Thus far they have had limited effects on the clinical practices of neuropsychologists. Perhaps it is time to add training in functional neuroimaging to the clinical neuropsychologist’s toolkit and from there to the clinic or bedside.
Hormonal control of growth in the wing imaginal disks of Junonia coenia: the relative contributions of insulin and ecdysone

ABSTRACT The wing imaginal disks of Lepidoptera can be grown in tissue culture, but require both insulin and ecdysone to grow normally. Here, we investigate the contributions the two hormones make to growth. Ecdysone is required to maintain mitoses, whereas in the presence of insulin alone mitoses stop. Both ecdysone and insulin stimulate protein synthesis, but only ecdysone stimulates DNA synthesis. Insulin stimulates primarily cytoplasmic growth and an increase in cell size, whereas ecdysone, by virtue of its stimulation of DNA synthesis and mitosis, stimulates growth by an increase in cell number. Although both hormones stimulate protein synthesis, they do so in different spatial patterns. Both hormones stimulate protein synthesis in the inter-vein regions, but ecdysone stimulates synthesis more strongly in the veins and in the margin of the wing disk. We propose that the balance of insulin and ecdysone signaling must be regulated to maintain normal growth, and when growth appears to be due primarily to an increase in cell number, or an increase in cell size, this may indicate growth occurred under conditions that favored a stronger role for ecdysone, or insulin, respectively. Summary: In this species of butterfly, insulin primarily stimulates cytoplasmic growth and an increase in cell size, whereas ecdysone stimulates growth by increasing cell numbers through DNA synthesis and mitosis.
Unsupervised aspect-based sentiment analysis on Indonesian restaurant reviews

We address the problem of aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) from Indonesian restaurant reviews due to its usefulness for customer satisfaction applications. The main task is divided into two subtasks: (1) aspect extraction, and (2) aspect sentiment orientation classification. For both subtasks, we propose an unsupervised approach which does not rely too much on hard-core natural language processing tools since Indonesian language is still under-resourced in terms of language technology. Our unsupervised approach employs several techniques in the area of distributional semantics, such as word embeddings and point-wise mutual information.
Large receptive field convolutional neural network for image super-resolution

This paper presents a new approach to Single Image Super Resolution (SISR), based upon Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Although the SISR is ill-posed which can be seen as finding a non-linear mapping from a low to high-dimensional space. Deep learning techniques have been successfully applied in many areas of computer vision, including low-level image restoration and non-linear mapping problems. We consider the single image Super-Resolution (SR) problem as convolution operators and develop a CNN to capture the characteristics of Low-Resolution (LR) input image. We find that increasing the receptive field shows the improvement in accuracy. Our solution is to establish the connection between traditional optimization-based schemes and neural network architectures. In the paper a novel, separable structure is introduced as a reliable support for robust convolution against artifacts. Our proposed method performs better than existing methods in terms of accuracy and visual improvements in our results are easily noticeable.
Multi-Robot 3D Coverage of Unknown Areas

The problem of deploying a team of ﬂying robots to perform surveillance coverage mission over an unknown terrain of complex and non-convex morphology is presented. In such a mission, the robots attempt to maximize the part of the terrain that is visible while keeping the distance between each point in the terrain and the closest team member as small as possible. A trade-off between these two objectives should be fulﬁlled given the physical constraints and limitations imposed at the particular application. As the terrain’s morphology is unknown and it can be quite complex and non-convex, standard algorithms are not applicable to the particular problem treated in this paper. To overcome this, a new approach based on the Cognitive-based Adaptive Optimization (CAO) algorithm is proposed and evaluated. A fundamental property of this approach is that it shares the same convergence characteristics as those of constrained gradient-descent algorithms (which require perfect knowledge of the terrain’s morphology and optimize surveillance coverage subject to the constraints the team has to satisfy). Rigorous mathematical arguments and extensive simulations establish that the proposed approach provides a scalable and efﬁcient methodology that incorpo-rates any particular physical constraints and limitations able to navigate the robots to an arrangement that (locally) optimizes surveillance coverage.
An Analysis and Computational Procedure for EHL Film Thickness, Friction and Flash Temperature in Line and Point Contacts

General Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Code (GEHLC) is a FORTRAN code for calculating the lubrication performance of line and point contacts used in machine elements such as gears, rolling bearings, cam and follower systems, and traction drives, etc. It adopts the most recent results published by Chittenden and Dowson et al. (1), to evaluate isothermal film thickness of point contacts, and uses the thermal reduction factor (2) to account for the inlet heating effects on the film thickness. By using Bair and Winer's analysis (3), a viscoelastic fluid model has been employed in this program to calculate shear stress in the film with bisection technique and In predict the coefficient of friction. Using this program one can also obtain flash temperature distribution on the two solid surfaces from a simplified heat conduction analysis based on work by Bolt (4), Jaeger (5), and Archard (6), et al. Typical results are presented for elliptical contacts used in rolling bearings. Presented at the 42nd Annual Meetin.
Oncotargeting by Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV): Advances in Cancer Therapy

Modern oncotherapy approaches are based on inducing controlled apoptosis in tumor cells. Although a number of apoptosis-induction approaches are available, site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents still remain the biggest hurdle in achieving the desired cancer treatment benefit. Additionally, systemic treatment-induced toxicity remains a major limiting factor in chemotherapy. To specifically address drug-accessibility and chemotherapy side effects, oncolytic virotherapy (OV) has emerged as a novel cancer treatment alternative. In OV, recombinant viruses with higher replication capacity and stronger lytic properties are being considered for tumor cell-targeting and subsequent cell lysing. Successful application of OVs lies in achieving strict tumor-specific tropism called oncotropism, which is contingent upon the biophysical interactions of tumor cell surface receptors with viral receptors and subsequent replication of oncolytic viruses in cancer cells. In this direction, few viral vector platforms have been developed and some of these have entered pre-clinical/clinical trials. Among these, the Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based platform shows high promise, as it is not pathogenic to humans. Further, modern molecular biology techniques such as reverse genetics tools have favorably advanced this field by creating efficient recombinant VSVs for OV; some have entered into clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the current status of VSV based oncotherapy, challenges, and future perspectives regarding its therapeutic applications in the cancer treatment.
Mental health treatment outcome expectancies in Burundi

Best practices in global mental health stress the importance of understanding local values and beliefs. Research demonstrates that expectancies about the effectiveness of a given treatment significantly predicts outcome, beyond the treatment effect itself. To help inform the development of mental health interventions in Burundi, we studied expectancies about the effectiveness of four treatments: spiritual healing, traditional healing, medication, and selected evidence-based psychosocial treatments widely used in the US. Treatment expectancies were assessed for each of three key syndromes identified by previous research: akabonge (a set of depression-like symptoms), guhahamuka (a set of trauma-related symptoms), and ibisigo (a set of psychosis-like symptoms). In individual interviews or written surveys in French or Kirundi with patients (N = 198) awaiting treatment at the clinic, we described each disorder and the treatments in everyday language, asking standard efficacy expectations questions about each (“Would it work? ” “Why or why not? ”). Findings indicated uniformly high expectancies about the efficacy of spiritual treatment, relatively high expectancies for western evidence-based treatments (especially cognitive behavior therapy [CBT] for depression-like symptoms), lower expectancies for medicine, and especially low expectancies for traditional healing (except for traditional healing for psychosis-like symptoms). There were significant effects of gender but not of education level. Qualitative analyses of explanations provide insight into the basis of people’s beliefs, their explanations about why a given treatment would or would not work varied by type of disorder, and reflected beliefs about underlying causes. Implications for program development and future research are discussed.
Interspecific interactions in solitary Aculeata – is the presence of heterospecifics important for females establishing nests?

Abstract There are several possible causes of aggregated nesting in solitary Aculeata, one being joint defense against parasites. We tested whether females prefer nesting in aggregations, even if they consist of heterospecifics. We compared the colonization and nesting parasitism of trap-nests with and without a red mason bee aggregation. The results did not support our hypothesis that females prefer nesting in aggregations. The numbers of wild Aculeata nests did not differ between trap-nests with and without an aggregation. Unexpectedly, parasitism rates were higher in trap-nests with aggregations. When analyzing only nests of wild insects (mostly wasps), the differences in parasitism disappeared. Natural nesting sites may be such a limited resource that females nested in the first trap-nest they encountered and did not discriminate between our treatments, or wasps might share too few parasites species with bees to benefit from joint nest defense.