Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guzmán Mound: A Late Preclassic Salt works on south coast of Guatemala

Abstract Salvage excavation of a small mound on the south coast of Guatemala revealed evidence of Late Preclassic salt production. Most potsherds are of a crude, thin-walled utility ware believed to have been used in evaporating salt water over fires. Level-by-level attribute analysis suggests evolution of a more efficient vessel form for this purpose. A typological study of fine ware and radiocarbon dating firmly position the mound chronologically. Charcoal was abundant; daub and elongated hearths probably figured in the technology. Also, the absence of edible plant remains and the scarcity of obsidian blades and animal bone add to the picture of a specialized, salt-producing locality. The represented salt-making technology is partially reconstructed using comparative ethnographic, ethnohistorical, and archaeological sources from southern Mesoamerica. RESUMEN Excavaciones de pequeña escala en el montículo Guzmán, localizado en una planicie salobre de la costa pacífica de Guatemala, han proporcionado evidencia de una salina del preclásico tardío. Los depósitos del montículo estaban llenos de revestimiento, carbón, y escamas de marga gris, que se consideran productos secundarios del procesamiento de sal cocida. La ausencia de hoyos de poste u otra evidencia de estructuras y la casi completa falta de restos de plantas y animales, así como implementos de piedra, apoyan la propuesta de una función económica especializado para este montículo. Se obtuvo una gran cantidad de tiestos, en su mayor parte vasijas con paredes delgadas, crudamente elaboradas, que probablemente eran empleadas para hervir la salmuera. Existe informatión etnorgráfica sobre el uso de cuencos burdos como moldes para la producción de sal cocida en Sacapulas, Guatemala. Estos cuencos son utilizados solamente una vez para hervir la salmuera, y son quebrados al terminar el proceso para extraer bloques sólidos de sal, que facilitan el comercio por no requerir recipientes. Las delgadas paredes de los tiestos Guzmán, la burda tecnologia empleada en su producción, y la gran cantidad de tiestos presente en el relleno del montículo, sugieren que un método similar se utilizó en la Costa Sur durante el preclásico tardío. El comercio de sal parece haber sido importante en esta época. Una fecha del preclásico tardío para el monticulo Guzmán es indicada por fechas de radiocarbono y confirmada por la presencia de tipos cerámicos finos de la fase crucero. Se discute evidencia comparativa sobre salinas prehistóricas en la costa pacífica de Chiapas y Honduras, y en la costa de Belice.
Part-Based Shape Retrieval with Relevance Feedback

We introduce a relevance feedback mechanism for part-based shape retrieval. The database polygons are decomposed but the query polygon is not. In an initial search in the database, the database polygon parts are matched against the query polygon. The best matches are shown to the user, who has to decide which are relevant to its query. In successive iterations, the system infers which parts of the query are of interest, and makes a search with those parts only.
Boundary Element Method For Elasticity Problems

Stress Analysis by Boundary Element MethodsA Robust Boundary Element Method for Nearly Incompressible Linear ElasticityBoundary Element AnalysisThe Combined Finite Element, Boundary Element Method in Axisymmetric Potential and Elasticity ProblemsBoundary Element Methods in EngineeringApplication of Boundary Element Method to Certain Elasticity ProblemsPreconditioning of the Boundary Element Method Applied to the Lamé Equation in ElasticityApplication of the Boundary Element Method to Finite ElasticityThree-dimensional Boundary Element Method in Linear ElasticityComputational ElasticityBoundary Element Methods for Engineers and ScientistsBoundary Integral Equations in Elasticity TheoryBoundary Element MethodA boundary element method for two dimensional linear elastic fracture analysisAbsolute P-refinement of Two-dimensional Linear Elasticity Problems Using the Boundary Element MethodBoundary Element Methods in ElastodynamicsApplications of the Boundary Element Method to Elasticity and Thermoelasticity ProblemsNew Developments in the Boundary Element Method for Planf and Axisymmetric ElasticityBoundary Element MethodsA Novel Boundary Element Method for Linear ElasticityCoupling of the Finite Element and Boundary Element Methods for the Solution of Plane Problems of Linear ElasticityOn the Application of Boundary Element Method to Plane Orthotropic ElasticityDevelopment and Use of the Boundary Element Method for the Solution of Two-dimensional Problems in ElastostaticsApplication of Boundary Element Method for Some 3-D Elasticity ProblemsFast Multipole Boundary Element MethodThe Boundary Element Method, Volume 2Adaptive Boundary Element Methods in ElastostaticsBoundary Element Method for Inverse Problems in Linear ElasticityApplications of the Boundary Element Method to Heat Transfer and Elasticity ProblemsFast Multipole Boundary Element MethodSome Problems Solved in Plane Elasticity by Boundary Element MethodSpline-Interpolation Solution of One Elasticity Theory ProblemElastic Contact Analysis by Boundary ElementsThe Boundary Element Method with ProgrammingSymmetric Galerkin Boundary Element MethodSpatial Contact Problems in GeotechnicsAnalysis of Re-entrant Boundaries in Problems of Plane Elasticity by an Improved Boundary Element MethodCoupling of the Finite and Boundary Element Methods in ElastostaticsNew Developments and Applications of the Boundary Element Method for Some Problems in Elasticity and Viscous FlowBoundary Element Methods in Manufacturing
Dual polarized negative refraction in a volumetric transmission-line metamaterial

We introduce a new volumetric transmission-line metamaterial unit cell capable of supporting two polarizations. This is accomplished by placing two separate transmission-line grids in the unit cell, one for each polarization. Through full-wave simulation we demonstrate dual-polarized negative refraction of a plane wave through an array of these unit cells. For either polarization we observe the same angle of refraction, demonstrating the same effective medium properties of the unit cell for both polarizations.
Enhanced detection of ischemic but viable myocardium by the reinjection of thallium after stress-redistribution imaging.

BACKGROUND The identification of ischemic but viable myocardium by thallium exercise scintigraphy is often imprecise, since many of the perfusion defects that develop in ischemic myocardium during exercise do not "fill in" on subsequent redistribution images. We hypothesized that a second injection of thallium given after the redistribution images were taken might improve the detection of ischemic but viable myocardium. METHODS We studied 100 patients with coronary artery disease, using thallium exercise tomographic imaging and radionuclide angiography. Patients received 2 mCi of thallium intravenously during exercise, redistribution imaging was performed three to four hours later, and a second dose of 1 mCi of thallium was injected at rest immediately thereafter. The three sets of images (stress, redistribution, and reinjection) were then analyzed. RESULTS Ninety-two of the 100 patients had exercise-induced perfusion defects. Of the 260 abnormal myocardial regions identified by stress imaging, 85 (33 percent) appeared to be irreversible on redistribution imaging three to four hours later. However, 42 of these apparently irreversible defects (49 percent) demonstrated improved or normal thallium uptake after the second injection of thallium, with an increase in mean regional uptake from 56 +/- 12 percent on redistribution studies to 64 +/- 10 percent on reinjection imaging (P less than 0.001). Twenty patients were restudied three to six months after coronary angioplasty. Of the 15 myocardial regions with defects on redistribution studies that were identified as viable by reinjection studies before angioplasty, 13 (87 percent) had normal thallium uptake and improved regional wall motion after angioplasty. In contrast, all eight regions with persistent defects on reinjection imaging before angioplasty had abnormal thallium uptake and abnormal regional wall motion after angioplasty. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that the reinjection of thallium improves the detection of ischemic myocardium and that myocardial regions with improved thallium uptake on reinjection imaging represent viable but jeopardized myocardium.
Correlation between auditory threshold and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) in rats. A possibility for the experimental study of the auditory impairments

Auditory impairments are considered to be one of the most frequent neurosensorial problems in human. The normal development and myelination of the auditory system can be impaired by certain pathological conditions such as viral infections, hyperbilirubinemia, meningitis, fetal distress and perinatal asphyxia. The early detection of this hearing loss can be diagnostic with sensitive techniques, such as the auditory brainstem response (ABR). These techniques are the relatively early component of the auditory evoked potential that reflects the electrophysiological activity of a large number of neurons in the brainstem auditory pathway after an acoustic stimulation. Normal ABR requires the integrity of the anatomical system, composed by a set of neurons, their axons, the synapses between them and the neurons on which each ABR terminate. Disruption of any portion of the system will alter the amplitude or the latency.
A Case Study on Testing and Evaluation in the KT-OSS Development

This paper describes the test and evaluation activities for the development of the KT-OSS (Korea Telecom Operations Support System). In this paper, we show the test and evaluation phases for the development and maintenance of the KT-OSS. To ensure the successful development of the KT-OSS, we performed various tests related to functionality, efficiency and others. We also show the criteria for them and deal with the test organizations and the test-bed for managing and controlling the quality of the KT-OSS. And we describe our experiences in performing these tests. Through these test and evaluation activities, we were able to successfully develop and release the KT-OSS
Local connectivity of cognitive radio Ad hoc networks

We investigate the local connectivity of cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs), i.e., node degree and probability of node isolation. The local connectivity of CRAHNs depends on not only its own network parameters but also the primary networks. To analyze the local connectivity, we use stochastic geometry and probability theory to derive the distribution of node degree, probability of available spectrum and probability of node isolation of the Secondary Users (SUs). The relation between the local connectivity of CRAHNs and the parameters of both primary and secondary networks is given. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the average node degree of SUs scales linearly for increases in the density of SUs with the slope determined by the density of Primary Users (PUs). It also indicates that the SUs' node isolation probability is largely determined by the density of PUs.
Research on financial coordinated supervision platform and supervision strategy for online payment under paperless trade

Money laundering and credit fraud are the biggest bottleneck for the development of paperless trade, financial coordinated supervision for online payment is significant for the development of paperless trade. The key to financial coordinated supervision is to make the information of ‘business flow, governmental affairs flow, capital flow and logistics’ be effectively integrated, and to make these information reliable clues to effectively identify suspicious financial transactions. Based on analysing the problems of existing payment models in China, we propose an industrial value chain model of financial coordinated supervision for online payment under paperless trade. Based on the model, we design a financial coordinated supervision platform for online payment under paperless trade. The framework design of the platform includes design objective and function module, and the detailed design of the platform consists of business process, data standardisation, and interface standardisation. We analyse the fina.
Centre for Efficiency and Productivity Analysis Working Paper Series No . WP 07 / 2009 Title Quantifying the effects of modelling choices on hospital efficiency measures : A meta-regression analysis

It has often been argued that the results of efficiency analyses in health care are influenced by the modelling choices made by the researchers involved. In this paper we use meta-regression analysis in an attempt to quantify the degree to which modelling factors influence efficiency estimates. The data set is derived from 253 estimated models reported in 95 empirical analyses of hospital efficiency in the 22-year period from 1987 to 2008. A meta-regression model is used to investigate the degree to which differences in mean efficiency estimates can be explained by factors such as: sample size; dimension (number of variables); parametric versus non-parametric method; returns to scale (RTS) assumptions; functional form; error distributional form; input versus output orientation; cost versus technical efficiency measure; and cross-sectional versus panel data. Sample size, dimension and RTS are found to have statistically significant effects at the 1% level. Sample size has a negative (and diminishing) effect on efficiency; dimension has a positive (and diminishing) effect; while the imposition of constant returns to scale has a negative effect. These results can be used in improving the policy relevance of the empirical results produced by hospital efficiency studies.
Epitopes Expressed in Different Adenovirus Capsid Proteins Induce Different Levels of Epitope-Specific Immunity

ABSTRACT On the basis of the concept that the capsid proteins of adenovirus (Ad) gene transfer vectors can be genetically manipulated to enhance the immunogenicity of Ad-based vaccines, the present study compared the antiantigen immunogenicity of Ad vectors with a common epitope of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of the influenza A virus incorporated into the outer Ad capsid protein hexon, penton base, fiber knob, or protein IX. Incorporation of the same epitope into the different capsid proteins provided insights into the correlation between epitope position and antiepitope immunity. Following immunization of three different strains of mice (C57BL/6, BALB/c, and CBA) with either an equal number of Ad particles (resulting in a different total HA copy number) or different Ad particle numbers (to achieve the same HA copy number), the highest primary (immunoglobulin M [IgM]) and secondary (IgG) anti-HA humoral and cellular CD4 gamma interferon and interleukin-4 responses against HA were always achieved with the Ad vector carrying the HA epitope in fiber knob. These observations suggest that the immune response against an epitope inserted into Ad capsid proteins is not necessarily dependent on the capsid protein number and imply that the choice of incorporation site in Ad capsid proteins in their use as vaccines needs to be compared in vivo.
Ship detection in South African oceans using SAR, CFAR and a Haar-like feature classifier

Synthetic Aperture Radar images is a proven technology that can be used to detect ships at sea which have no active transponders (commonly referred to as dark targets). Various methods have been proposed that process SAR images to monitor these targets. In this paper, we propose a novel ship detection method for Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery that combines a Constant False Alarm Rate ship pre-screening method with a Haar-like feature cascade classifier. Experimental results indicate that this configuration provides a ship detection accuracy above 88% and half the False Alarm Rate of the traditional Constant False Alarm Rate method.
Variations in the use of diagnostic procedures after acute stroke in Europe: results from the BIOMED II study of stroke care

Valid classification of stroke is essential to initiate effective acute management and early secondary prevention strategies. To accurately evaluate stroke subtype a number of diagnostic procedures have to be performed. This study sought to investigate variations in use of diagnostic procedures across selected European hospitals. First‐ever stroke patients were sampled over a 1‐year period through 11 hospital‐based registers across 10 European countries. We defined a diagnostic standard for valid aetiological classification of ischemic stroke including brain imaging, vascular imaging and echocardiography. The impact of socio‐demographic, clinical and structural characteristics on performance of the diagnostic standard was assessed using multivariate logistic regression analyses. A total of 1721 patients were included in the study. 83.1% received brain imaging, ranging from 32.8% to 100%. The diagnostic standard was performed in 40.4% of stroke patients, ranging from 0% to 77.2%. Patients with increasing age (P < 0.001) and with more severe strokes (P = 0.001) were less probably to receive the diagnostic standard. Patients treated in stroke units and neurological departments were more frequently investigated with the diagnostic standard (P < 0.001). Less than half of hospitalized stroke patients across Europe underwent diagnostic procedures to allow for aetiological classification of stroke, which may hamper the initiation of effective early management and secondary prevention.
Supervised Latent Linear Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model for Dimensionality Reduction

The Gaussian process (GP) latent variable model (GPLVM) has the capability of learning low-dimensional manifold from highly nonlinear data of high dimensionality. As an unsupervised dimensionality reduction (DR) algorithm, the GPLVM has been successfully applied in many areas. However, in its current setting, GPLVM is unable to use label information, which is available for many tasks; therefore, researchers proposed many kinds of extensions to the GPLVM in order to utilize extra information, among which the supervised GPLVM (SGPLVM) has shown better performance compared with other SGPLVM extensions. However, the SGPLVM suffers in its high computational complexity. Bearing in mind the issues of the complexity and the need of incorporating additionally available information, in this paper, we propose a novel SGPLVM, called supervised latent linear GPLVM (SLLGPLVM). Our approach is motivated by both SGPLVM and supervised probabilistic principal component analysis (SPPCA). The proposed SLLGPLVM can be viewed as an appropriate compromise between the SGPLVM and the SPPCA. Furthermore, it is also appropriate to interpret the SLLGPLVM as a semiparametric regression model for supervised DR by making use of the GP to model the unknown smooth link function. Complexity analysis and experiments show that the developed SLLGPLVM outperforms the SGPLVM not only in the computational complexity but also in its accuracy. We also compared the SLLGPLVM with two classical supervised classifiers, i.e., a GP classifier and a support vector machine, to illustrate the advantages of the proposed model.
Realizing dynamic product collaboration processes in a model-driven framework: Case study and lessons learnt

In this paper, we extend the scope of a model-driven inter-organizational business collaboration approach as described in [Roser+, 2006] to support peer-to-peer execution platforms. In particular, we study the applicability of existing modelling languages at the computational-independent (CIM) and platform-independent (PIM) modelling layer to support product-centric collaboration scenarios. We report the results of this analysis including the identified problems and gaps, as well as first suggestions to alleviate these gaps.
A real-time segmentation scheme for continuous color images

A real-time segmentation scheme for continuous color images is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme consists of two main steps: (1) seed searching and region growing, (2) region-based change detection. A new color representation model, RBG-Ellipse, is proposed. This color model is similar to the HSI representation. However, the transformation between RGB and RGB-Ellipse is linear. Therefore, we are able to take advantage of noise tolerance processing as well as the efficiency in dealing with color difference computation. By using the proposed segmentation scheme, we implemented applications, (1) intelligent networked visual monitoring system and (2) user interface for distance learning to highlight the value of the proposed scheme. Users can view the results through our web site, http://www.can. tku.edu. tw.
Fresnel coherent diffractive imaging: treatment and analysis of data

Fresnel coherent diffractive imaging (FCDI) is a relatively recent addition to the suite of imaging tools available at third generation x-ray sources. It shares the strengths of other coherent diffractive techniques: resolution limits that are independent of focusing optics, single-plane measurement and high dose efficiency. The more challenging experimental geometry and detailed reconstruction algorithms of FCDI provide enhanced numerical stability and convergence properties to the iterative algorithms commonly used. Experimentally, a diverging beam is utilized, which facilitates sample alignment and allows the imaging of extended samples. We describe the underlying physics and assumptions that give rise to the FCDI iterative reconstruction algorithms, as well as their implications for the design of a successful FCDI experiment.
Autoimmune disorders and malignant lymphoma

Autoimmune disorders of the Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) types were found in 11 (2.1%) of 515 patients with the non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. Four additional patients with Hodgkin's disease and similar disorders were included for analysis. In only two instances did the autoimmune disorder precede the lymphoma. AIHA was frequently associated with splenomegaly, constitutional symptoms, and, in eight of nine instances, far‐advanced lymphomas of the diffuse histiocytic and diffuse histiocytic‐lymphocytic types. In contrast, three of four patients who developed ITP had no evidence of active lymphoma at the onset of thrombocytopenia. The hemolysis of AIHA was most often controlled by splenectomy or corticosteroids with concurrent chemotherapy, but in all instances of either AIHA or ITP the prognosis clearly related to the underlying lymphoma and not the autoimmune disorder. No patient died of anemia, thrombocytopenia, or complications thereof. Based on this review, therapeutic guidelines for the management of these patients are proposed.