Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Affine Arithmetic-Based Methodology for Reliable Power Flow Analysis in the Presence of Data Uncertainty

Power flow studies are typically used to determine the steady state or operating conditions of power systems for specified sets of load and generation values, and is one of the most intensely used tools in power engineering. When the input conditions are uncertain, numerous scenarios need to be analyzed to cover the required range of uncertainty. Under such conditions, reliable solution algorithms that incorporate the effect of data uncertainty into the power flow analysis are required. To address this problem, this paper proposes a new solution methodology based on the use of affine arithmetic, which is an enhanced model for self-validated numerical analysis in which the quantities of interest are represented as affine combinations of certain primitive variables representing the sources of uncertainty in the data or approximations made during the computation. The application of this technique to the power flow problem is explained in detail, and several numerical results are presented and discussed, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, especially in comparison to previously proposed interval arithmetic's techniques.
Synchrotron radiation from the Galactic center in the decaying dark matter scenario

We discuss the synchrotron radiation flux from the Galactic center in the unstable dark matter scenario. Motivated by the anomalous excess of the positron fraction recently reported by the PAMELA Collaboration, we consider the case that the dark matter particle is unstable (and long-lived) and that energetic electrons and positrons are produced by the decay of dark matter. Then the emitted ${e}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ becomes the source of the synchrotron radiation. We calculate the synchrotron radiation flux for models of decaying dark matter, which can explain the PAMELA positron excess. Taking the lifetime of the dark matter of $O({10}^{26}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{sec})$, which is the suggested value to explain the PAMELA anomaly, the synchrotron radiation flux is found to be $O(1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kJy}/\mathrm{str})$ or smaller, depending on the particle-physics and cosmological parameters.
Performance analysis of RB-HARQ with LDPC

In this paper, we combined reliability-based hybrid automatic repeat request (RB-HARQ) with low density parity check (LDPC) codes together and studied its performance. We analyzed the asymptotic performance of LDPC coded HARQ with Gaussian approximation (GA), and investigated the most important factor to the improvement of performance. According to our research, the degrees of the variable nodes play an important role in the system performance. Since RB-HARQ selects bits with least reliabilities to retransmit, we found the selecting method of RB-HARQ is not optimal for LDPC coded HARQ system.
DNA methylation markers and early recurrence in stage I lung cancer.

BACKGROUND Despite optimal and early surgical treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), many patients die of recurrent NSCLC. We investigated the association between gene methylation and recurrence of the tumor. METHODS Fifty-one patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent curative resection but who had a recurrence within 40 months after resection (case patients) were matched on the basis of age, NSCLC stage, sex, and date of surgery to 116 patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent curative resection but who did not have a recurrence within 40 months after resection (controls). We investigated whether the methylation of seven genes in tumor and lymph nodes was associated with tumor recurrence. RESULTS In a multivariate model, promoter methylation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene p16, the H-cadherin gene CDH13, the Ras association domain family 1 gene RASSF1A, and the adenomatous polyposis coli gene APC in tumors and in histologically tumor-negative lymph nodes was associated with tumor recurrence, independently of NSCLC stage, age, sex, race, smoking history, and histologic characteristics of the tumor. Methylation of the promoter regions of p16 and CDH13 in both tumor and mediastinal lymph nodes was associated with an odds ratio of recurrent cancer of 15.50 in the original cohort and an odds ratio of 25.25 when the original cohort was combined with an independent validation cohort of 20 patients with stage I NSCLC. CONCLUSIONS Methylation of the promoter region of the four genes in patients with stage I NSCLC treated with curative intent by means of surgery is associated with early recurrence.
The Relative Contribution of Monoamine Oxidase and Cytochrome P450 Isozymes to the Metabolic Deamination of the Trace Amine Tryptamine

Tryptamine is a trace amine in mammalian central nervous system that interacts with the trace amine TA2 receptor and is now thought to function as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator. It had been reported that deamination of tryptamine to tryptophol was mediated by CYP2D6, a cytochrome P450 that is expressed in human brain, suggesting that tryptamine may be an endogenous substrate for this polymorphic enzyme. We were unable to confirm this report and have reinvestigated tryptamine metabolism in human liver microsomes (HLM) and in microsomes expressing recombinant human cytochrome P450 and monoamine oxidase (MAO) isozymes. Tryptamine was oxidized to indole-3-acetaldehyde by HLM and recombinant human MAO-A in the absence of NADPH, and indole-3-acetaldehyde was further reduced to tryptophol by aldehyde reductase in HLM in the presence of NADPH. Steady-state kinetic parameters were estimated for each reaction step by HLM and MAO-A. The CYP2D6 substrates bufuralol and debrisoquine showed strong inhibition of both tryptophol production from tryptamine in HLM and the formation of indole-3-acetaldehyde from tryptamine catalyzed by recombinant MAO-A. Anti-CYP2D6 monoclonal antibody did not inhibit these reactions. Pargyline, a nonselective MAO inhibitor, did not show cross inhibition to debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation and dextromethorphanO-demethylation by HLM and recombinant CYP2D6 enzyme. This is the first unequivocal report of the selective conversion of tryptamine to tryptophol by MAO-A. CYP2D6 does not contribute to this reaction.
Radiative forcing by long‐lived greenhouse gases: Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models

A primary component of the observed, recent climate change is the radiative forcing from increased concentrations of long-lived greenhouse gases (LLGHGs). Effective simulation of anthropogenic climate change by general circulation models (GCMs) is strongly dependent on the accurate representation of radiative processes associated with water vapor, ozone and LLGHGs. In the context of the increasing application of the Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc. (AER) radiation models within the GCM community, their capability to calculate longwave and shortwave radiative forcing for clear sky scenarios previously examined by the radiative transfer model intercomparison project (RTMIP) is presented. Forcing calculations with the AER line-by-line (LBL) models are very consistent with the RTMIP line-by-line results in the longwave and shortwave. The AER broadband models, in all but one case, calculate longwave forcings within a range of -0.20 to 0.23 W m{sup -2} of LBL calculations and shortwave forcings within a range of -0.16 to 0.38 W m{sup -2} of LBL results. These models also perform well at the surface, which RTMIP identified as a level at which GCM radiation models have particular difficulty reproducing LBL fluxes. Heating profile perturbations calculated by the broadband models generally reproduce high-resolution calculations within a few hundredths K d{sup -1} in the troposphere and within 0.15 K d{sup -1} in the peak stratospheric heating near 1 hPa. In most cases, the AER broadband models provide radiative forcing results that are in closer agreement with high 20 resolution calculations than the GCM radiation codes examined by RTMIP, which supports the application of the AER models to climate change research.
Communication-Efficient Parallel Dense LU Using a3-Dimnsional Approach

We present new communication-efficient parallel dense linear solvers: An LU factorization algorithm and a triangular linear solver. The new algorithms perform asymptotically a factor of P 1/6 less communication than existing algorithms, where P is the number of processors . The new algorithms employ a 3-dimensional (3D) approach, which has been previously applied only to matrix multiplication. We have implemented and tested the new algorithms. Our LU factorization algorithm is competitive with ScaLAPACK and scales better with the number of processors. The new algorithms employ a 3D approach that reduces communication using replication. The algorithms perform less communication but use more temporary storage than existing algorithms, which all use a 2-dimensional (2D) approach. Until now, the 3D approach has only been used for parallel matrix multiplication in algorithms that were proposed by Berntsen [3], by Aggarwal, Chandra, and Snir [2], by Gupta and Kumar [5], by Johnsson [7], and by Agarwal, Balle, Gustavson, Joshi, and Palkar [1]. 3D algorithms work by distributing the 3D iteration space of the computation among processors. Matrix-matrix computations that can be implemented using three nested loops have a natural representation on a 3D grid in which every grid
Identification of a Somatodendritic Targeting Signal in the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Transferrin Receptor

Neurons are highly polarized cells that must sort proteins synthesized in the cell body for transport into the axon or the dendrites. Given the amount of time and energy needed to deliver proteins to the distal processes, neurons must have high fidelity mechanisms that ensure proper polarized protein trafficking. Although a variety of proteins are localized either to the somatodendritic domain or to the axon (Craig and Banker, 1994), the question of whether there are signal-dependent mechanisms that sort proteins to distinct neuronal domains is only beginning to be addressed. To determine sequence requirements for the polarized sorting of transmembrane proteins into dendrites, we expressed mutant transferrin receptors in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, using a defective herpes virus vector. Wild-type human transferrin receptor colocalized with the endogenous protein in dendritic endosomes and was strictly excluded from axons, despite overexpression. Polarized targeting was abolished by deletion of cytoplasmic amino acids 7–10, 11–14, or 19–28, but not 29–42 or 43–58. These deletions also increased the appearance of transferrin receptor on the plasma membrane, implying that endocytosis and dendritic targeting are mediated by overlapping signals and similar molecular mechanisms. In addition, we have characterized a specialized para-Golgi endosome poised to play a critical role in the polarized recycling of transmembrane proteins.
Regions merging based on robust statistical testing

This paper addresses the problem of finding moving objects present in an image sequence. More specifically, a method is proposed to merge regions based on a coherent motion criterion. A modified Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is proposed which exploits both the motion information present in the residual distribution and the motion information of the motion parameter space. Therefore, all the available motion information is used. Moreover, the proposed test is consistent with robust motion estimation. Using the modified Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, the graph of the relationships between the different regions is built. The graph also integrates spatial information as only adjacent regions are allowed to merge. Two graph clustering rules are proposed which enable us to robustly define the moving objects. The proposed method does not require any user input. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Analisis Kualitas Produk Sepatu Tomkins

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh kajian tentang pelaksanaan pengendalian kualitas sepatu Tomkins pada PT Primarindo Asia Infrastruktur Tbk Bandung, Pengendalian kualitas menggunakan peta kendali c dan memilih metode yang paling efektif antara peta kendali c dengan pengendalian kualitas yang digunakan perusahaan. Kualitas berkaitan dengan pemenuhan permintaan, atau melebihi permintaan, pemenuhan kebutuhan konsumen untuk saat ini dan masa yang akan datang. Hal ini berarti bahwa produk yang dihasilkan memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan cocok dengan penggunaan konsumen. Tipe penelitian adalah kuantitatif. Pengumpulan datanya adalah studi literatur dan studi lapangan. Studi lapangan berkaitan dengan observasi dan wawancara. Teknik penarikan sampelnya menggunakan purposive random sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data produksi tahun 2007 sampai dengan 2009. Pengendalian yang dilakukan perusahaan pada saat produksi berdasarkan pada spesifikasi produk yang telah ditetapkan di awal. Pengolahan data menggunakan peta kendali c menunjukkan semua proses produksi berada dalam batas kendali. Hal ini berarti penggunaan peta kendali c lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode yang digunakan perusahaan. The objective of this research were to determine the quality control processof Tomkins shoes at PT. Primarindo Asia Infrastructure Tbk. Bandung.Quality can be defined is meeting, or exceeding, customer requirements now and in the future. This means the product or service is fit for customer’s use. Controlling product quality using c chart.It select the method which one is better or effective for the company. The research methode type is qualitative. Data collection methods are literature and field studies. Field study covers observation and interview.The sampling technique by purposive random sampling. Sample is used that occurred during production years 2007-2009. Control is carried out by Firm, at the time of production based on product specifications that have been established in the beginning. Proceessing data using c-chart showing the production processed are in boundary control limit. It means clarity the use c-chart of which method more effectively done than used by firm.
A high parallel way for processing IQ/IT part of HEVC decoder based on GPU

HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) is the newest video compression standard. Compared with the previous standards, the Coding efficiency is greatly improved at the cost of much higher codec complexity. So, many people improve the HEVC algorithm from the hardware level and software level. For the IQ/IT (inverse quantization/inverse transform) part, HEVC just processes one TU block one by one. And TU block size can be 4×4, 8×8, 16×16 and 32×32. So, it costs much decoding time by using this processing. In this paper, we present a parallel way for processing IQ/IT part based on GPU. In HEVC decoder, CABAC decoder only decodes one 64×64 size CTU block's parameters and some syntax elements. So, for now, we can process one 64×64 size Luma block and two 32×32 size Chroma block parallelly by using GPU. And from the experiment results, we can see the computation speed of computing the IQ/IT is about 33 times faster than the HM 12.0's. And finally, we can reduce about 40.7% decoding time compared with HM 12.0's.
Tumour-amplified kinase BTAK is amplified and overexpressed in gastric cancers with possible involvement in aneuploid formation

Our recent analysis of gastric cancers using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) revealed a novel high frequent copy number increase in the long arm of chromosome 20. Tumour-amplified kinase BTAK was recently cloned from breast cancers and mapped on 20q13 as a target gene for this amplification in human breast cancers. In the study presented here, we analysed BTAK copy-number and expression, and their relation to the ploidy pattern in 72 primary gastric cancers. Furthermore, wild-type BTAK and its deletion mutants were transfected to gastric cancers to examine changes in cell proliferation and DNA ploidy pattern. Evaluation of 72 unselected primary gastric cancers found BTAK amplification in 5% and overexpression in more than 50%. All four clinical samples with BTAK amplification showed aneuploidy and poor prognosis. Transfection of BTAK in near-diploid gastric cancers induced another aneuploid cell population. In contrast, the c-terminal-deleted mutant of BTAK induced no effect in DNA ploidy pattern and inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation. These results suggest that BTAK may be involved in gastric cancer cell aneuploid formation, and is a candidate gene for the increase in the number of copies of the 20q, and thus may contribute to an increase in the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign
Downside Risk and the Energy Hedger's Horizon

In this paper, we explore the impact of investor time-horizon on an optimal downside hedged energy portfolio. Previous studies have shown that minimum-variance hedging effectiveness improves for longer horizons using variance as the performance metric. This paper investigates whether this result holds for different hedging objectives and effectiveness measures. A wavelet transform is applied to calculate the optimal heating oil hedge ratio using a variety of downside objective functions at different time-horizons. We demonstrate decreased hedging effectiveness for increased levels of uncertainty at higher confidence intervals. Moreover, for each of the different hedging objectives and effectiveness measures studied, we also demonstrate increasing hedging effectiveness at longer horizons. While small differences in effectiveness are found across the different hedging objectives, time-horizon effects are found to dominate confirming the importance of considering the hedgers horizon. The findings suggest that while downside risk measures are useful in the computation of an optimal hedge ratio that accounts for unwanted negative returns, hedging horizon and confidence intervals should also be given careful consideration by the energy hedger.
Maneuvering Control Algorithm Based on All-wheel Independent Driving and Steering Control for Special Purpose 6 WD / 6 WS Vehicles

This paper discusses the maneuvering control algorithm based on all-wheel independent driving and steering control techniques for special purpose 6WD/WS vehicles. The maneuvering control algorithms considering superior dynamic characteristics of high power in-wheel motors and independent steering system are designed to perform driving and steering control, vehicle stability control, and fault tolerant control. The maneuvering controller applies sliding and optimal control theories considering optimal torque distribution and friction circle related to the vertical tire force. The fault tolerant control algorithm is applied to obtain the similar maneuverability to that of the non-faulty vehicle. The simulations using the Matlab/Simulink model and experiments using HIL simulator with the designed control algorithms prove the remarkably improved performances in terms of vehicle stability and maneuverability under the double lane change, slalom, and fishhook test conditions. Key-Words: All-wheel independent control, Fault tolerant control, Friction circle, Maneuvering controller, Vehicle stability control
Comparison of clustering properties of observed objects and dark matter halos on different mass and spatial scales

We investigate the large-scale distribution of galaxy clusters taken from several X-ray catalogs. Different statistics of clustering like the conditional correlation function (CCF) and the minimal spanning tree (MST) as well as void statistics were used. Clusters show two distinct regimes of clustering: 1) on scales of superclusters (~40/h Mpc) the CCF is represented by a power law; 2) on larger scales a gradual transition to homogeneity (~100/h Mpc) is observed. We also present the correlation analysis of the galaxy distribution taken from DR6 SDSS main galaxy database. In case of galaxies the limiting scales of the different clustering regimes are 1)10-15/h Mpc; 2) 40-50/h Mpc. The differences in the characteristic scales and scaling exponents of the cluster and galaxy distribution can be naturally explained within the theory of biased structure formation. We compared the density contrasts of inhomogeneities in the cluster and galaxy distributions in the SDSS region. The estimation of the relative cluster-galaxy bias gives the value b = 5 +/- 2. The distribution of real clusters is compared to that of simulated (model) clusters (the MareNostrum Universe simulations). We selected a cluster sample from 500/h Mpc simulation box with WMAP3 cosmological parameters and sigma_8 = 0.8. We found a general agreement between the distribution of observed and simulated clusters. The differences are mainly due to the presences of the Shapley supercluster in the observed sample. On the basis of SDSS galaxy sample we study properties of the power law behavior showed by the CCF on small scales. We show that this phenomenon is quite complex, with significant scatter in scaling properties, and characterized by a non-trivial dependence on galaxy properties and environment.
Abscisic acid synthesis in Acer rubrum L. leaves: A vapor-pressure-deficit-mediated response

Quantitative differences in leaf abscisic acid (ABA) among Acer rubrum L. (red maple) ecotypes were in- vestigated. This study tested the hypothesis that seedlings from wet and dry maternal sites display distinctly different capacities to synthesize ABA in response to atmospheric vapor pressure defi cits. The increased levels of ABA in leaf tissue in the red maple ecotypes were associated with atmospheric vapor pressure defi cit (VPD). Leaves on well-wa- tered plants responded to VPD by increasing their ABA levels and reducing their photosynthesis (Anet) and stomatal conductance (gs). Both ecotypes appear to accumulate ABA at about the same rate as VPD increased. Despite the similar accumulation rates between ecotypes, wet site ecotypes consistently had a higher level of ABA present in leaf tissue under both low and high VPD conditions. Furthermore, wet site provenances appear to reduce Anet and gs in response to ABA accumulation, whereas dry sites do not present as clear an ABA/gs relationship. This study shows variation between wet and dry site red maple populations in physiological response to atmospheric vapor pressure defi cits, indicating that natural ecotypic variation in stomatal responsiveness to air humidity is likely mediated by ABA accumulation in leaf tissue. This research demonstrates that ecotypes of red maple may be selected for atmospheric drought tolerance based on site moisture conditions. Stomata are the primary passageway for CO2 diffusion into the substomatal cavity and allow the plant to regulate water loss and carbon gain. Recent evidence suggests that stomatal conductance (gs) correlates better with environmental variables such as air temperature, vapor pressure defi cit (VPD), and photosynthetic photon fl ux density (PPFD) than with plant variables such as shoot water potential, turgor potential, bulk leaf osmotic potential, xylem pH, and xylem sap abscisic acid (Auge et al., 2000). Plants are known to respond to a high leaf-to-air VPD by closing their stomata (Maroco et al., 1997; Meinzer et al., 1997; Thomas and Eamus 1999) and this response has been observed in a variety of species (Monteith, 1995; Sheriff, 1979). Studies of well-watered Douglas-fi r and alder roots indicate that the declines in leaf water potential associated with transpiration-induced water potential decline can induce stomatal closure without invoking a change in soil water potential (Fuchs and Livingston, 1996). Gollan et al. (1986) maintained the same leaf water potentials across the soil-plant-water continuum as the soil dried, so the closure of stomata occurred in drying soil despite the same demand/supply regime. Abscisic acid (ABA) has been shown to be a stress signal that permits communication between the roots and shoots, especially when the root system is under stress (Davies and Zhang, 1991;