Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QueryTracker: an agent for tracking persistent information needs

Most people have long term information interests. Current Web search engines satisfy immediate information needs. Specific sites support tracking of long term interests. We present an agent that satisfies a gap in these services. QueryTracker implements a search engine interface with state. A userýs query and a learned alternative is automatically submitted daily to a search engine. A profile of the userýs interest is constructed based on user relevance feedback. Daily search results are disseminated if they correspond closely to the userýs profile. Changed pages are checked for relevant additions.We evaluate the impact of generating the alternate query and assess alternative methods of filtering the results in a month long user study. Results show that QueryTracker is effective at disseminating relevant documents over a period of time.
Long-Lived Response of the Midlatitude Circulation and Storm Tracks to Pulses of Tropical Heating

AbstractThe midlatitude response to localized equatorial heating events that last 2 days is examined through experimentation with an atmospheric general circulation model. Such responses are argued to be important because many tropical rainfall events only last a short time and because the responses to such pulses serve as building blocks with which to study the impacts of more general heating fluctuations.The experiments indicate that short-lived heating produces responses in midlatitudes at locations far removed from the source and these responses persist much longer than the pulses themselves. Indeed pulse forcing, which is essentially white in time, produces upper-tropospheric responses that have an e-damping time of almost a week and that are detectable for more than two weeks in the experiments. Moreover the upper-tropospheric structure of the reaction to short pulses is remarkably similar to the reaction to steady tropical heating, including having a preference for occurring at special geographical.
Vertical coarse aerosol fluxes in the atmospheric surface layer over the North Polar Waters of the Atlantic

[1] Sea spray emission fluxes were calculated on the basis of vertical gradients of the aerosol concentration data collected with a laser particle counter during four polar scientific cruises carried out in the summers of 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003. The calculated flux values are the first obtained with a gradient method from data measured on the open ocean; such a method has a much better physical basis than any involving calculating fluxes from concentrations measured at one level only. The sea spray generation function we obtained was compared with other functions from the literature. We show that most literature sea spray generation functions are underestimated for the 1–8 μm radius range, some of them by a factor of 6.
Shale Microfacies: Eagle Ford Group (Cenomanian-Turonian) North-Central Texas Outcrops and Subsurface Equivalents

Abstract The Eagle Ford Group is a mixed siliciclastic/carbonate unit that records a Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Turonian) transgression. A major condensed interval (cycle 2.5 of the UZA-2 supercycle) occurs within the Eagle Ford Shale. Eagle Ford strata are overlain disconformably by the Austin Chalk. The Austin/Eagle Ford contact represents the Turonian/Coniacian boundary (89 MA). The Cenomanian/Turonian (92 MA) boundary occurs within the Eagle Ford Group. Regionally, Eagle Ford strata consist of two major depositional units: a lower (transgressive) unit dominated by dark well-laminated shales (exhibiting only minor evidence of bioturbation); and an upper (regressive) unit consisting of thinly interstratified (high-frequency cycles) shales, limestones, and carbonaceous quartzose siltstones. Petrographic characterization of shales from Eagle Ford outcrops near Austin, Waco and Dallas, Texas and subsurface equivalents in a core (Getty #1 J. T. Wilson) from LaSalle County, Texas reveals six microfacies: 1) pyritic shales; 2) phosphatic shales; 3) bentonitic shales; 4) fossiliferous shales; 5) silty (quartzose) shales; and 6) bituminous claystone and shales. Transgressive Eagle Ford shales consist mainly of microfacies 1, 4, and 6. The Eagle Ford condensed interval consists of microfacies 1, 2 and 3, and highstand Eagle Ford shales are comprised of microfacies 4 and 5. Eagle Ford microfacies exhibit distinctive sedimentological aspects and have source rock characteristics that vary systematically within a sequence stratigraphic framework. Transgressive Eagle Ford shales (occurring below the condensed interval) have optimum oil-prone source potential, whereas overlying regressive shales are gas-prone. Transgressive and condensed Eagle Ford strata represent poorly oxygenated low-energy, (below storm wave base) marine paleoenvironments of deposition. In contrast, overlying regressive Eagle Ford lithofacies accumulated in higher energy (above storm wave base), well-oxygenated, shallow marine paleoenvironments.
Morphology Based Automatic Acquisition of Large-coverage Lexica

In this article, we introduce a new technique for constructing wide-coverage morphological lexica from large corpora and morphological knowledge, with an application to French. Basically, it relies on the idea that the existence of a hypothetical lemma can be guessed if several different words found in the corpus are best interpreted as morphological variants of this lemma. We first validated our technique by extracting verbs and adjectives on a general French corpus of 25 million words. Compared with other lexical resources available for French, our results are very satisfying, since we cover many words, often derived words, that are not always present in other lexica. Application of our algorithm to the acquisition of domain-specific adjectives on a botanic corpus gave also very good results, thus demonstrating its usability to extract domain-specific lexica. Moreover, it is generalizable to any language with a substantial morphology.
Modelling the water balance in the glacierized Parón Lake basin (White Cordillera, Peru) / Modélisation du bilan hydrique du bassin versant englacé du Lac Parón (Cordillère Blanche, Pérou)

Abstract The White Cordillera (northern Peru), with a glacial surface of 631 km2, is the largest glacierized mountain range in the Tropics. Due to the lack of physical data from most of its sub-basins, it is difficult to build a physical model to estimate the water resource flowing from the glaciers at the present time and a fortiori for the future. The most recent GCM simulations indicate a significant increase in the temperature and an accelerated shrinking of the glaciers. Consequently, we sought a model that would be based on the data available within instrumented sub-basins. A theoretical/conceptual water model makes it possible to quantify the local glacier contribution, which could then be applied to the other non-instrumented sub-basins. A total of 43.6% of Parón Lake's instrumented sub-basin area (47.4 km2) corresponds to glacial surfaces. Within this sub-basin, a smaller watershed (8.8 km2), called Artesón, with 72.9% glacierized area, has been accurately observed over a 5-year hydrological period (September 2000–August 2005). This information allowed us to calibrate the model over the Artesón sub-basin. The parameters obtained were applied to the entire Parón basin using the same modelling approach.
Induction of autophagy contributes to crizotinib resistance in ALK-positive lung cancer

Use of the inhibitor of ALK fusion onco-protein, crizotinib (PF02341066), has achieved impressive clinical efficacy in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Nevertheless, acquired resistance to this drug occurs inevitably in approximately a year, limiting the therapeutic benefits of this novel targeted therapy. In this study, we found that autophagy was induced in crizonitib-resistant lung cancer cells and contributed to drug resistance. We observed that ALK was downregulated in the crizotinib-resistant lung cancer cell line, H3122CR-1, and this was causally associated with autophagy induction. The degree of crizotinib resistance correlated with autophagic activity. Activation of autophagy in crizotinib-resistant H3122CR-1 cells involved alteration of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that chloroquine, an inhibitor of autophagy, could restore sensitivity of H3122CR-1 to crizotinib and enhance its efficacy against drug-resistant lung cancer. Thus, modulating autophagy may be worth exploring as a new strategy to overcome acquired crizonitib resistance in ALK-positive lung cancer.
The mir-84 and let-7 paralogous microRNA genes of Caenorhabditis elegans direct the cessation of molting via the conserved nuclear hormone receptors NHR-23 and NHR-25

The let-7 microRNA (miRNA) gene of Caenorhabditis elegans controls the timing of developmental events. let-7 is conserved throughout bilaterian phylogeny and has multiple paralogs. Here, we show that the paralog mir-84 acts synergistically with let-7 to promote terminal differentiation of the hypodermis and the cessation of molting in C. elegans. Loss of mir-84 exacerbates phenotypes caused by mutations in let-7, whereas increased expression of mir-84 suppresses a let-7 null allele. Adults with reduced levels of mir-84 and let-7 express genes characteristic of larval molting as they initiate a supernumerary molt. mir-84 and let-7 promote exit from the molting cycle by regulating targets in the heterochronic pathway and also nhr-23 and nhr-25, genes encoding conserved nuclear hormone receptors essential for larval molting. The synergistic action of miRNA paralogs in development may be a general feature of the diversified miRNA gene family.
Exploiting OTDM technology in WDM networks

Wavelength routed optical networks allow to design a logical topology, comprising lightpaths and routers, which is overlayed on the physical topology, comprising optical fibers and optical cross-connects, by solving a routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) problem. In this paper we extend the concept of lightpath to the one of super-lightpath, which uses a simple bit level time division multiplexing that can be directly implemented in the optical domain, to split the wavelength bandwidth among more than one traffic flow. This allows to design logical topologies with an increased number of logical links, thus reducing the average distance among nodes, i.e., the number of electro-optic and opto-electronic conversions, and the traffic congestion on logical links. At the same time, this reduces the number of wavelengths required to solve the RWA problem. Being the super-lightpath RWA problem computationally intractable, we propose two heuristics which show that the number of wavelengths required to overlay the same logical topology on the same physical topology is reduced by more that 65% using super-lightpaths.
Knowledge encapsulation for focused search from pervasive devices

Mobile knowledge seekers often need access to information on the Web during a meeting or on the road, while away from their desktop. A common practice today is to use pervasive devices such as Personal Digital Assistants or mobiles phones. However, these devices have inherent constraints (e.g., slow communication, form factor) which often make information discovery tasks impractical. In this paper, we present a new focused-search approach speci cally oriented for the mode of work and the constraints dictated by pervasive devices. It combines focused search within speci c topics with encapsulation of topic-speci c information in a persistent repository. One key characteristic of these persistent repositories is that their footprint is small enough to t on local devices, and yet they are rich enough to support many information discovery tasks in disconnected mode. More speci cally, we suggest a representation for topic-speci c information based on \knowledge-agent bases" that comprise all the information necessary to access information about a topic (under the form of key concepts and key Web pages) and assist in the full search process from query formulation assistance to result scanning on the device itself. The key contribution of our work is the coupling of focused search with encapsulated knowledge representation making information discovery from pervasive devices practical as well as eAEcient. We describe our model in detail and demonstrate its aspects through sample scenarios.
Mapping the land surface for global atmosphere‐biosphere models: Toward continuous distributions of vegetation's functional properties

Global land surface characteristics are important boundary conditions for global models that describe exchanges of water, energy, and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and biosphere. Existing data sets of global land cover are based on classification schemes that characterize each grid cell as a discrete vegetation type. Consequently, parameter fields derived from these data sets are dependent on the particular scheme and the number of vegetation types it includes. The functional controls on exchanges of water, energy, and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and biosphere are now well enough understood that it is increasingly feasible to model these exchanges using a small number of vegetation characteristics that either are related to or closely related to the functional controls. Ideally, these characteristics would be mapped as continuous distributions to capture mixtures and gradients in vegetation within the cell size of the model. While such an approach makes it more difficult to build models from detailed observations at a small number of sites, it increases the potential for capturing functionally important variation within, as well as between, vegetation types. Globally, the vegetation characteristics that appear to be most important in controlling fluxes of water, energy, and carbon dioxide include (1) growth form (tree, shrub, herb), (2) seasonality of woody vegetation (deciduous, evergreen), (3) leaf type (broadleaf, coniferous), (4) photosynthetic pathway of nonwoody vegetation (C3, C4), (5) longevity (annual, perennial), and (6) type and intensity of disturbance (e.g., cultivation, fire history). Many of these characteristics can be obtained through remote sensing, though some require ground-based information. The minimum number and the identity of the required land surface characteristics almost certainly vary with the intended objective, but the philosophy of driving models with continuous distributions of a small number of land surface characteristics is likely to be applicable to a broad range of problems.
A new congestion-driven placement algorithm based on cell inflation

We describe a new congestion-driven placement based on cell inflation. In our approach, we have used the method of probability-estimation to evaluate the routing of nets. We also take use of the strategy of cell inflation to eliminate the routing congestion. Further reduction in congestion is obtained by the scheme of cell moving. We have tested our algorithm on a set of sample circuits from American industry and the results obtained have shown great improvement of routability.
Ontology-Based Semantic Online Classification of Documents : Supporting Users in Searching the Web

In this paper we describe first results of our research on the categorization of texts in order to disambiguate user queries. The dis cussed methods are based on a combination of indexingand ontology-based information retrieval techniques in an interactive retrieval system. We present an approach to classify search results by mapping them to semantic classes that are defined by the senses of a query term. The criteria defining each class or ‘sense folder’ are derived from the concepts of an assigned ontology, here Multiwordnet. By annotating each element of a result set with the ‘sense folder’ it is classified in, the user gets additional information about each item – the specific search term is disambiguated with respect to the underlying document – and can thus decide more easily if the document is relevant or not for his query.
Asymptotic value in frequency-dependent games: A differential approach

We study the asymptotic value of a frequency-dependent zero-sum game following a differential approach. In such a game the stage payoffs depend on the current action and on the frequency of actions played so far. We associate in a natural way a differential game to the original game and although it presents an irregularity at the origin, we prove existence of the value on the time interval [0,1]. We conclude, using appropriate approximations, that the limit of Vn as n tends to infinity, exists and that it coincides with the value of the associated continuous time game.
Error Model Guided Joint Performance and Endurance Optimization for Flash Memory

As flash memory has better performance than hard disks, it has been widely applied in embedded systems, personal computers, and data centers as storage components. However, endurance and write performance are the two key challenges in the deployment of flash memory. In this paper, with the awareness of errors induced from write operations, endurance, and retention time, a stage-based optimization approach is proposed to improve the write performance and endurance at different usage stages of flash memory. A series of trace-driven simulations show that the proposed approach outperforms a set of state-of-the-art approaches in terms of write performance and lifetime.
Hexokinase II Detachment from Mitochondria Triggers Apoptosis through the Permeability Transition Pore Independent of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels

Type II hexokinase is overexpressed in most neoplastic cells, and it mainly localizes on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Hexokinase II dissociation from mitochondria triggers apoptosis. The prevailing model postulates that hexokinase II release from its mitochondrial interactor, the voltage-dependent anion channel, prompts outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and the ensuing release of apoptogenic proteins, and that these events are inhibited by growth factor signalling. Here we show that a hexokinase II N-terminal peptide selectively detaches hexokinase II from mitochondria and activates apoptosis. These events are abrogated by inhibiting two established permeability transition pore modulators, the adenine nucleotide translocator or cyclophilin D, or in cyclophilin D knock-out cells. Conversely, insulin stimulation or genetic ablation of the voltage-dependent anion channel do not affect cell death induction by the hexokinase II peptide. Therefore, hexokinase II detachment from mitochondria transduces a permeability transition pore opening signal that results in cell death and does not require the voltage-dependent anion channel. These findings have profound implications for our understanding of the pathways of outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and their inactivation in tumors.
Economic Impacts of GHG and Nutrient Reduction Policies in New Zealand: A Tale of Two Catchments

Agricultural and forestry GHG emissions are a key feature of New Zealand’s emissions profile, and New Zealand is the only country, to date, to have indicated that agricultural and forestry emissions will be covered under their domestic climate policy – the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Coupled with climate policy development is the increasing scrutiny of agricultural impacts on water. This paper uses New Zealand Forest and Agriculture Regional Model (NZ-FARM) to assess the potential economic and environmental impacts of imposing both a climate and nutrient reduction policy on the agricultural and forestry industries in the Manawatu and Hurunui/Waiau catchments in New Zealand. We find that adding a scheme that reduces catchment-level nutrients by 20% on top of a national policy that puts a price of $25 per ton carbon dioxide equivalent on agricultural GHG emissions could result in greater environmental benefits at a relatively small cost, but the converse is not always true and could be significantly more costly for landowners.
Oxacillinase-Mediated Resistance to Cefepime and Susceptibility to Ceftazidime in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolate SOF-1 was resistant to cefepime and susceptible to ceftazidime. This resistance phenotype was explained by the expression of OXA-31, which shared 98% amino acid identity with a class D β-lactamase, OXA-1. Theoxa-31 gene was located on a ca. 300-kb nonconjugative plasmid and on a class 1 integron. No additional efflux mechanism for cefepime was detected in P. aeruginosa SOF-1. Resistance to cefepime and susceptibility to ceftazidime in P. aeruginosawere conferred by OXA-1 as well.
Cyan fluorescent protein expression in ganglion and amacrine cells in a thy1-CFP transgenic mouse retina

Purpose To characterize cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) expression in the retina of the thy1-CFP (B6.Cg-Tg(Thy1-CFP)23Jrs/J) transgenic mouse line. Methods CFP expression was characterized using morphometric methods and immunohistochemistry with antibodies to neurofilament light (NF-L), neuronal nuclei (NeuN), POU-domain protein (Brn3a) and calretinin, which immunolabel ganglion cells, and syntaxin 1 (HPC-1), glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), GABA plasma membrane transporter-1 (GAT-1), and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which immunolabel amacrine cells. Results CFP was extensively expressed in the inner retina, primarily in the inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), nerve fiber layer, and optic nerve. CFP fluorescent cell bodies were in all retinal regions and their processes ramified in all laminae of the IPL. Some small, weakly CFP fluorescent somata were in the inner nuclear layer (INL). CFP-containing somata in the GCL ranged from 6 to 20 μm in diameter, and they had a density of 2636±347 cells/mm2 at 1.5 mm from the optic nerve head. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated colocalization of CFP with the ganglion cell markers NF-L, NeuN, Brn3a, and calretinin. Immunohistochemistry with antibodies to HPC-1, GAD67, GAT-1, and ChAT indicated that the small, weakly fluorescent CFP cells in the INL and GCL were cholinergic amacrine cells. Conclusions The total number and density of CFP-fluorescent cells in the GCL were within the range of previous estimates of the total number of ganglion cells in the C57BL/6J line. Together these findings suggest that most ganglion cells in the thy1-CFP mouse line 23 express CFP. In conclusion, the thy1-CFP mouse line is highly useful for studies requiring the identification of ganglion cells.
A distributed maximal link scheduler for multi Tx/Rx Wireless Mesh Networks

Recently, researchers have developed Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) where each router is capable of performing multiple transmissions or receptions concurrently; aka Multi Tx-Rx (MTR) WMNs. Consequently, each node is able to transmit (Tx) or receive (Rx) to/from its neighbors simultaneously. A fundamental problem in such WMNs is to derive a transmission schedule with minimal superframe length to maximize network capacity and minimize end-to-end delays. Unfortunately, deriving a minimal superframe length is equivalent to solving the NP-complete, MAX-CUT problem. To this end, there are a number of centralized schedulers, but only but only one distributed scheduler, called JazzyMAC. Henceforth, in this paper, we add to the state-of-the-art by proposing Algo-d, a novel distributed scheduler that solves the MAX-CUT problem using only local information. Experiment results show Algo-d generates superframes that are 37.5% shorter and it activates 264% more links as compared to JazzyMAC. Lastly, as compared to centralized schedulers, Algo-d schedules 50% more links than Algo-1 and at most 7% fewer links than Algo-2.