Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Urban Reintroduction of Western Pond Turtles in Southern California

As a cooperative effort between the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), the Turtle Conservancy, and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), we have developed an outline for reintroducing western pond turtles (Emys pallida) into an urban waterway in the Los Angeles area. First, we present a brief literature review covering the biology and ecology relevant to a reintroduction of western pond turtles. Next, we introduce the research questions central to implementing a reintroduction, followed by the methodology, and results of fieldwork, genetic analysis, and Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping. Finally, a discussion of the work that has been completed so far provides final recommendations for the reintroduction and establishes a framework for the future of the project. INTRODUCTION Conservation Biology and Reintroductions Both the successes and failures of an urban reintroduction represent a learning opportunity for conservation biology. Conservation biology aims to protect threatened and human-impacted environments and endangered species by maintaining self-sufficient, healthy populations of organisms in the wild (McPhee, 2004). A key aspect to this includes species reintroductions, defined as the " intentional movement " of organisms to an area where they were previously or historically located (Fischer & Lindenmayer, 2000; Armstrong & Seddon, 2007). This human intervention has been interchangeably referred to as the reintroduction and translocation of populations. Our goal in this project is to create a self-sustaining population of turtles in a waterway of an urban area in Southern California. Throughout this proposal, reintroduction refers to the release of animals from some captive form of care to the wild and translocation refers to the movement of animals from one location to another within the wild.
Genomic and proteomic analysis of transcription factor TFII-I reveals insight into the response to cellular stress

The ubiquitously expressed transcription factor TFII-I exerts both positive and negative effects on transcription. Using biotinylation tagging technology and high-throughput sequencing, we determined sites of chromatin interactions for TFII-I in the human erythroleukemia cell line K562. This analysis revealed that TFII-I binds upstream of the transcription start site of expressed genes, both upstream and downstream of the transcription start site of repressed genes, and downstream of RNA polymerase II peaks at the ATF3 and other stress responsive genes. At the ATF3 gene, TFII-I binds immediately downstream of a Pol II peak located 5 kb upstream of exon 1. Induction of ATF3 expression increases transcription throughout the ATF3 gene locus which requires TFII-I and correlates with increased association of Pol II and Elongin A. Pull-down assays demonstrated that TFII-I interacts with Elongin A. Partial depletion of TFII-I expression caused a reduction in the association of Elongin A with and transcription of the DNMT1 and EFR3A genes without a decrease in Pol II recruitment. The data reveal different interaction patterns of TFII-I at active, repressed, or inducible genes, identify novel TFII-I interacting proteins, implicate TFII-I in the regulation of transcription elongation and provide insight into the role of TFII-I during the response to cellular stress.
A 40 nm CMOS E-Band Transmitter With Compact and Symmetrical Layout Floor-Plans

This paper describes a direct-conversion E-band transmitter (TX) in 40 nm bulk CMOS. As millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) circuits are vulnerable to process variations including the mismatch between interconnects, this E-band TX design is conducted in a layout floor-plan oriented way. Compact and symmetrical floor-plans of poly-phase filter (PPF) and I/Q modulator are presented in this work to suppress the LO feed-through (LOFT) and I/Q imbalance over both 71-76 and 81-86 GHz bands. In addition, a systematic design methodology is proposed for the mm-Wave PPF to reduce required EM simulations. The calibration methods used in this design are easy to implement for further reducing LOFT and I/Q imbalance with negligible impact on other TX performance metrics. The 0.225 mm 2 E-band TX achieves a measured output power of 12 dBm and efficiency of 15% with about 15 GHz bandwidth. It features an uncalibrated I/Q imbalance of less than 30 dB from 62.5 to 85.5 GHz. The calibration circuits further reduce the I/Q imbalance by about 4 dB and ensure the LOFT of less than -30 dBc over more than 30 dB output dynamic range. The presented TX achieves 4.5 Gb/s 64-QAM and 14 Gb/s 16-QAM.
Institute for Mathematical Physics Bounded Proper Forcing Axiom and Well Orderings of the Reals the Bounded Proper Forcing Axiom and Well Orderings of the Reals

We show that the bounded proper forcing axiom BPFA implies that there is a well-ordering of P(ω 1) which is ∆ 1 definable with parameter a subset of ω 1. Our proof shows that if BPFA holds then any inner model of the universe of sets that correctly computes ℵ 2 and also satisfies BPFA must contain all subsets of ω 1. We show as applications how to build minimal models of BPFA and that BPFA implies that the decision problem for the Härtig quantifier is not lightface projective.
The weighted Burgers vector: a new quantity for constraining dislocation densities and types using electron backscatter diffraction on 2D sections through crystalline materials

The Weighted Burgers Vector (WBV) is defined here as the sum, over all types of dislocations, of [(density of intersections of dislocation lines with a map) × (Burgers vector)]. Here we show that it can be calculated, for any crystal system, solely from orientation gradients in a map view, unlike the full dislocation density tensor, which requires gradients in the third dimension. No assumption is made about gradients in the third dimension and they may be non‐zero. The only assumption involved is that elastic strains are small so the lattice distortion is entirely due to dislocations. Orientation gradients can be estimated from gridded orientation measurements obtained by EBSD mapping, so the WBV can be calculated as a vector field on an EBSD map. The magnitude of the WBV gives a lower bound on the magnitude of the dislocation density tensor when that magnitude is defined in a coordinate invariant way. The direction of the WBV can constrain the types of Burgers vectors of geometrically necessary dislocations present in the microstructure, most clearly when it is broken down in terms of lattice vectors. The WBV has three advantages over other measures of local lattice distortion: it is a vector and hence carries more information than a scalar quantity, it has an explicit mathematical link to the individual Burgers vectors of dislocations and, since it is derived via tensor calculus, it is not dependent on the map coordinate system. If a sub‐grain wall is included in the WBV calculation, the magnitude of the WBV becomes dependent on the step size but its direction still carries information on the Burgers vectors in the wall. The net Burgers vector content of dislocations intersecting an area of a map can be simply calculated by an integration round the edge of that area, a method which is fast and complements point‐by‐point WBV calculations.
Multiple Predicate Learning for Document Image Understanding

Document image understanding denotes the recognition of semantically relevant components in the layout extracted from a document image. This recognition process is based on some visual models, whose manual specification can be a highly demanding task. In order to automatically acquire these models, we propose the application of machine learning techniques. In this paper, problems raised by possible dependencies between concepts to be learned are illustrated and solved with a computational strategy based on the separate-and-parallel-conquer search. The approach is tested on a set of real multi-page documents processed by the system WISDOM++. New results confirm the validity of the proposed strategy and show some limits of the machine learning system used in this work.
Correction to "Specification and Analysis of System Architecture Using Rapide"

Rapide is an event-based, concurrent, object-oriented language specifically designed for prototyping system architectures. Two principle design goals are: (1) to provide constructs for defining executable prototypes of architectures and (2) to adopt an execution model in which the concurrency, synchronization, dataflow, and timing properties of a prototype are explicitly represented. This paper describes the partially ordered event set (poset) execution model and outlines with examples some of the event-based features for defining communication architectures and relationships between architectures. Various features of Rapide are illustrated by excerpts from a prototype of the X/Open distributed transaction processing reference architecture. >
ExCIS: An Integration of Domain-Specific Languages and Feature-Oriented Programming1

ExCIS is a methodology and tool suite that integrates the technologies of domain-specific languages (DSLs) and feature-oriented programming (FOP). DSLs offer compact specifications of programs in domain-specific notations that are easier to write, maintain, and evolve. FOP raises the level of abstraction in system programming from compositions of code-centric components to compositions of modules that implement individual and largely orthogonal features. ExCIS provides state-of-the-art tools for creating easier-to-specify, easier-to-maintain, and easier-to-change systems. It is being developed for STRICOM to create next-generation simulators for the U.S. Army.
Drug-induced adverse events prediction with the LINCS L1000 data

MOTIVATION Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a central consideration during drug development. Here we present a machine learning classifier to prioritize ADRs for approved drugs and pre-clinical small-molecule compounds by combining chemical structure (CS) and gene expression (GE) features. The GE data is from the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) L1000 dataset that measured changes in GE before and after treatment of human cells with over 20 000 small-molecule compounds including most of the FDA-approved drugs. Using various benchmarking methods, we show that the integration of GE data with the CS of the drugs can significantly improve the predictability of ADRs. Moreover, transforming GE features to enrichment vectors of biological terms further improves the predictive capability of the classifiers. The most predictive biological-term features can assist in understanding the drug mechanisms of action. Finally, we applied the classifier to all >20 000 small-molecules profiled, and developed a web portal for browsing and searching predictive small-molecule/ADR connections. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The interface for the adverse event predictions for the >20 000 LINCS compounds is available at http://maayanlab.net/SEP-L1000/ CONTACT: avi.maayan@mssm.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Hilbert R-tree: An Improved R-tree using Fractals

We propose a new Rtree structure that outperforms all the older ones. The heart of the idea is to facilitate the deferred splitting ap preach in R-trees. This is done by proposing an ordering on the R-tree nodes. This ordering has to be ‘good’, in the sense that it should group ‘similar’ data rectangles to gether, to minimize the area and perimeter of the resulting minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs). Following [KF93] we have chosen the so-called ‘2D-c’ method, which sorts rectangles according to the Hilbert value of the center of the rectangles. Given the ordering, every node has a well-defined set of sibling nodes; thus, we can use deferred splitting. By adjusting the split policy, the Hilbert R-tree can achieve as high utilization as desired. To the contrary, the R. -tree has no control over the space utilization, typically achieving up to 70%. We designed the manipulation algorithms in detail, and we did a full implementation of the *This resexch was partially fuuded by the hmtitutc for Systerm, FLsemch (ISR), by the National Science Foundation under Grants IF&9205273 and IFU-8958546 (PYI), with matching fuuds from EMPRESS Software Inc. und Think& h4achinen
Outstanding Research Problems in NoC Design: Circuit-, Microarchitecture-, and System-Level Perspectives

— Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) have been recently proposed to replace global interconnects in order to alleviate complex communication problems. While several research problems concerning NoC design have been already addressed in the literature, many others remain to be solved. In this work, we first provide a general description of NoC architectures and applications. Then, we enumerate several related research problems organized under five main categories: Application characterization, communication paradigm, communication infrastructure, analysis and solu-tion evaluation. Motivation, problem formulation, proposed approaches and open issues are discussed for each problem enumerated in the paper from circuit, micro-architecture and system-level perspectives. Finally, we address the interactions among these research problems and put the NoC design process into perspective.
Attention as a minimal criterion of intentionality in robots

It is proposed that the capacity of attention is a minimal criterion of intentionality in robots. An attentive system must be able to identify relevant objects in the scene; select one of the identified objects; direct its sensors towards the selected object; and maintain its focus on the selected object. We describe the robot R1 which exhibits behavior that seems intentional. However, when the robot is confronted with a situation where more than one object is present on the scene, the fact that the behavior of R1 is determined merely by S-R rules becomes apparent. We also defend the position that a robot with attention would have a minimal level of intentionality, since the attentional capacity involves a first level of goal representations. This criterion is also useful when discussing intentionality in animal behavior.
An improved low-voltage low-power CMOS comparator to be used in high-speed pipeline ADCs

This paper presents an improved low-voltage low-power CMOS comparator suitable for high-speed pipeline ADCs. Simulated results of the proposed circuit in a 0.35 /spl mu/m standard CMOS technology operating at supply voltages within the range of 1.0-1.5 V show that this comparator achieves low offset, reduced kickback noise, high mean-time to failure and exhibits low-power dissipation at very high-speed operation.
The effect of two disability-awareness training models on stigmatizing attitudes among future healthcare professionals

Stigmatizing attitudes about disability are a major problem for people who have disabilities, those who interact with them in healthcare settings, and society at large. Past efforts to decrease the negative attitudes surrounding disability have used interaction and exposure activities as mechanisms of change. Research involving Contact Theory shows that casual, unstructured contact often results in stereotype confirmation and a worsening of attitudes between groups of people. Although Contact Theory was developed and tested in the arena of race and ethnicity, recent research has indicated that racial prejudice and disability stigma are essentially the same processes, which promotes the use of Contact Theory in disability research. Using the principles of Contact Theory for program design, this research compared two different workshops intended to decrease negative attitudes about disability among future healthcare professionals. Students from three college majors (Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Recreation) were recruited and randomly assigned to an experiential workshop or a didactic workshop. Participants were administered the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale (MAS) towards persons with disabilities following the workshops. These data were compared with a control group of students from the same majors to determine the efficacy of the workshops in promoting attitude change. Results indicate that neither workshop decreased negative attitudes compared to the baseline results for students from these college majors. The measurement of attitudes using the MAS is a central issue identified
Evolving the PICOT Method for the Digital Age: The PICOT-D.

BACKGROUND Many articles written about the PICOT (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time) method for developing research questions focus on searching the existing evidence base to review the impact of interventions. The PICOT method evolved to craft questions that yield operative search terms. Currently, the PICOT method falls short in its utility for health care and doctoral education. For example, the Doctor of Nursing Practice scholarly practice projects evaluate the existing evidence base and compare the current real-world state with the evidence base, for which the current conceptualization of the PICOT method has limited applicability. METHOD The PICOT-D adds digital data (D) components to the traditional PICOT, allowing for the explicit identification of data measures that form the basis of the evaluation of an intervention. RESULTS the PICOT-D has the potential to improve student efficiency, efficacy, and confidence in the development of truly answerable questions that fully support improved patient care and systems-level change. CONCLUSION This article demonstrates the need for the evolution of the PICOT format to the PICOT-D format.
Stochastic learning and control in multiple coordinate systems

A probabilistic interpretation of model predictive control is presented, enabling extensions to multiple coordinate systems. The resulting controller follows a minimal intervention principle, by learning and retrieving movements through the coordination of several frames of reference. When combined with a generative model, the approach can be used in various human-robot applications that are discussed in the paper.
Using ILP to learn a domain theory in the form of a FSA

This paper describes a method for inducing a domain theory from a corpus of parsed sentences by means of ILP techniques. A ‘domain theory’ in the current context stands for a collection of facts and generalisations or rules which describe entities and relations between entities within a domain of interest. As language users, we implicitly draw on such theories in various disambiguation tasks, such as anaphora resolution and prepositional phrase attachment, or to draw inferences. Formal encodings of domain theories can be used for this purpose in natural language processing but they may also be objects of interest in their own right, that is, as the output of a knowledge discovery process. The patterns learnt are represented as FSAs, providing a graphical representation and a more compact format than the original symbolic rules. The approach is generizable to different domains provided it is possible to get logical forms for the text in the domain.
Survey of Palmprint Recognition

A biometric system is essentially a pattern recognition system which makes a personal identification by determining the authenticity of a specific physiological or behavioral characteristic possessed by the user. Biometric has gained much attention in the security world recently. Many types of personal identification systems have been developed and palmprint verification is one of the emerging technologies because of its stable, unique characteristics, low-price capture device, fast execution speed also it provides a large area for feature extraction. Palmprint recognizes a person based on the principal lines, wrinkles and ridges on the surface of the palm. The recognition process consists of image acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, matching and result. The different techniques are used for the preprocessing, feature extraction, classifiers. The methods discussed are for the online palmprint recognition.
Gender Differences in Upper and Lower Body Performance during High Intensity Intermittent Exercise

Objective: To compare upper and lower body 5x6s performance between males and females to determine if significant gender differences exist. Methods: Twenty physically active adults (males n=12, females n=8) volunteered to perform an upper and lower body 5x6s. The upper body 5x6s was conducted on a modified electro-magnetically braked cycle ergometer, while the lower body 5x6s was conducted on an electronically braked cycle ergometer using a flywheel braking force corresponding to 5% and 7.5% bodyweight respectively. During the upper body 5x6s, participants were restrained at the waist with an adjustable seatbelt in an attempt to minimise the contribution from the lower body. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Data are reported as means ± standard deviation (SD). A level of significance of 5% (P<0.05) was adopted in all analyses. Results: Significant (p<0.001) differences occurred in both absolute (W) and relative (W·kg-1) PP and mean power (MP) between genders during the upper body 5x6s, with differences remaining even when relative to lean body mass (LBM) and active muscle mass (AMM). In contrast, PP and MP for the lower body 5x6s was only significantly different between genders when expressed in absolute (W) and relative (W·kg-1) terms. Conclusion: While both lower body 5x6s performance and lower body 5x6s predictors do not differ significantly between genders, significant differences do exist for upper body 5x6s performance and performance predictors. Even after allometric scaling and training status have been considered, significant gender differences still remain for upper body 5x6s performance, suggesting that unknown intrinsic muscle properties may be responsible for the significant gender differences observed. Thus, females must be trained differently to their male counterparts during upper body exercise.
A novel approach to explore patent development paths for subfield technologies

Many algorithms for searching the main paths according to a subfield technology have been suggested using patent citation networks. However, the process by which the specific field is divided into subfields is problematic, in the sense that citation information among individual patents in different subfields is lost. If convergence technologies are common among different subfields, this problem can result in an inappropriate main path being found. To resolve this problem, we propose a new algorithm capable of extracting the main paths for each subfield of a technology by using the International Patent Classification (IPC) codes of patents. The proposed algorithm is applied to the waste management field to allow core technologies in the subfields of waste disposal, waste treatment, and the reuse of waste materials to be found. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed by considering the standard of the component ratio along a specific path to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm in the waste management field.