Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imaging Shape-Dependent Corrosion Behavior of Pt Nanoparticles over Extended Time Using a Liquid Flow Cell and TEM

Imaging liquids at nanoscale, or atomic resolution, inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM) holds great promise for the study of liquid phase reactions, including electrochemistry. A capsulated liquid cell with thin Si3N4 windows is used to hold a ultra-thin liquid layer (less than 500 nm thick) [1,2]. In a static liquid cell, all the reactants, capping agents and solution are pre-mixed in the cell and the structural evolution is observed and captured after introduction of the cell into TEM. This places a severe limit on the type of reactions that can be studied. The reaction cannot be too slow or too fast for two major reasons: 1) loading and introduction of a liquid cell take multiple steps and each takes significant amount of time to complete, and 2) the reaction should be stable under TEM observation while prolonged electron beam irradiation can alter solution chemistry. To follow the entire reaction process, long exposure time is necessary, especially in a slow reaction. The involved electron beam effects reported include heating, charging and production of free radicals [3].
Motivation of the nurses in pre‐hospital emergency and educational hospitals emergency in the southeast of Iran

INTRODUCTION Nurses, as the largest human resource element of health care systems, have a major role in providing ongoing, high-quality care to patients. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this study aimed to determine job motivation of the nurses in pre-hospital and educational hospitals emergency in the southeast of Iran. METHODS In this study, a cross-sectional method was used, and it was conducted in educational hospitals and pre-hospital emergencies under supervision of the Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Using a valid and reliable questionnaire, we assessed job motivation of the nurses using a census method (N = 275). Data were analyzed by implementing descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation (SD), and analytical statistics such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, t-test, X2, Pearson, and multivariate regression tests using SPSS 16 and P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS Among the pre-hospital emergency nurses, the average of the educational factors was 25.33, financial factors was 6.34, psychological factors was 20.07, welfare factors was 0.63, and administrative factors was 8.16. Among the nurses of the educational hospitals emergency, these factors were 25.33, 6.51, 20.34, 16.55, and 8.39, respectively. Two group's nurses were at the intermediate level of the job motivation. CONCLUSION Dynamic and predetermined goals of emergency include providing services as soon as possible and stabilizing patient's condition during the golden and vital time of rescue. Findings suggest that national and local policies in Iran may need to examine factors that contribute to the promotion of the motivation as well as focusing on how to improve them.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom clusters differentially predict prenatal health behaviors in pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE To date, most investigations of mental health in pregnant women have focused on depression or substance use. This study aimed to (a) delineate the relationships between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prenatal health behaviors and (b) explore whether the symptom clusters of ADHD differentially predict prenatal health behaviors (e.g., physical strain, healthy eating, prenatal vitamin use). METHOD A total of 198 pregnant women (mean age = 27.94 years) completed measures of ADHD symptoms, prenatal health behaviors, and depression. RESULTS Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity/emotional lability all evidenced significant relationships with the prenatal health behaviors, each differentially predicting different prenatal health behaviors. CONCLUSION As decreased engagement in adequate prenatal health behaviors puts both the mother and fetus at risk for negative birth outcomes, future research should work to develop a brief ADHD screen to be used in obstetric clinics and should investigate these relationships within a sample of women with a diagnosis of ADHD.
Force model of a robotic particle chain for 3d displays

We aim to construct a 3D screen -- an initially at 2D surface that can fold into the third dimension to display arbitrary three dimensional surface shapes. Our approach is based on chains of robotic particles that can be individually actuated to fold into a desired curve. This paper contributes a computational model of the forces acting on the robotic particles. Experimental results show that the model accurately predicts reality. The model forms the core of force-minimizing planning algorithms that compute a folding sequence approximating a given target curve while minimizing the actuation forces. The model is also instrumental for simulation tools that allow to study forces while executing a given folding sequence.
Why is ATPG easy?

Empirical observation shows that practically encountered instances of ATPG are efficiently solvable. However, it has been known for more than two decades that ATPG is an NP-complete problem. This work is one of the first attempts to reconcile these seemingly disparate results. We introduce the concept of circuit cut-width and characterize the complexity of ATPG in terms of this property. We provide theoretical and empirical results to argue that an interestingly large class of practical circuits have cut-width characteristics which ensure a provably efficient solution of ATPG on them.
ELECTROSPUN POLY (EPSILON-CAPROLACTONE) NANOFIBER MAT AS EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX

Received: 2/Jun/2007, Accepted: 31/Jan/2008 Objective: Investigation of the suitability of electrospun Poly (e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofiber scaffold for the Vero cell culture. Materials and Methods: Electrospinning was used for production of PCL nanofibers scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), MTT assay, hematoxylin staining and histology analysis were used to investigate the cell morphology, viability, attachment and infilteration of the vero cells on the PCL nanofiber scaffolds. Results: The results of the MTT assay, SEM images and hematoxylin staining showed that Vero cells attach and spread on PCL nanofiber scaffolds. The proliferation of Vero cells is as well as that of control group, but histological analysis showed the lack of cell infilteration into the scaffolds, which was found to be due to the small diameters of the pores of nanofibrous scaffold. Conclusion: The result of this study show that PCL nanofiber scaffolds are suitable for cell culture, proliferation and attachment and Vero cells attach and proliferate on PCL nanofiber scaffolds.
The Evolutionary History of Nebraska Deer Mice: Local Adaptation in the Face of Strong Gene Flow

The interplay of gene flow, genetic drift, and local selective pressure is a dynamic process that has been well studied from a theoretical perspective over the last century. Wright and Haldane laid the foundation for expectations under an island-continent model, demonstrating that an island-specific beneficial allele may be maintained locally if the selection coefficient is larger than the rate of migration of the ancestral allele from the continent. Subsequent extensions of this model have provided considerably more insight into the conditions under which such a beneficial allele may be maintained, lost, or fixed. Yet, connecting theoretical results with empirical data has proven challenging, owing to a lack of information on the relationship between genotype, phenotype, and fitness. Here, we examine the demographic and selective history of deer mice in and around the Nebraska Sand Hills, a system in which variation at the Agouti locus affects cryptic coloration that in turn affects the survival of mice in their local habitat. We first genotyped 250 individuals from eleven sites along a transect spanning the Sand Hills at 670,000 SNPs across the genome. Using these genomic data, we found that deer mice first colonized the Sand Hills following the last glacial period. Subsequent high rates of gene flow have served to homogenize the majority of the genome between populations on and off the Sand Hills, with the exception of the Agouti pigmentation locus. Furthermore, we observe strong haplotype structure around putatively beneficial mutations within the Agouti locus, and these mutations are strongly associated with the pigment traits that are strongly correlated with local soil coloration and thus responsible for cryptic coloration. We discuss these empirical results in light of theoretical expectations, thereby providing a complete example of the dynamics between ancestral gene flow and local adaptation in a classic mammalian system.
Deformation-Based 3D Facial Expression Representation

We propose a deformation-based representation for analyzing expressions from three-dimensional (3D) faces. A point cloud of a 3D face is decomposed into an ordered deformable set of curves that start from a fixed point. Subsequently, a mapping function is defined to identify the set of curves with an element of a high-dimensional matrix Lie group, specifically the direct product of SE(3). Representing 3D faces as an element of a high-dimensional Lie group has two main advantages. First, using the group structure, facial expressions can be decoupled from a neutral face. Second, an underlying non-linear facial expression manifold can be captured with the Lie group and mapped to a linear space, Lie algebra of the group. This opens up the possibility of classifying facial expressions with linear models without compromising the underlying manifold. Alternatively, linear combinations of linearised facial expressions can be mapped back from the Lie algebra to the Lie group. The approach is tested on the Binghamton University 3D Facial Expression (BU-3DFE) and the Bosphorus datasets. The results show that the proposed approach performed comparably, on the BU-3DFE dataset, without using features or extensive landmark points.
Heat Shock Protein70 (HSP70) Gene Expression Pattern in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) during different Seasons in Sahiwal Cows (Bos Indicus)

Thermal stress alters the normal body homeostasis and causes severe detrimental effects on production and productivity of animals. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved family of proteins that are ubiquitously expressed in animal's body during thermal stress. Out of all the members present in this family, HSP70 is regarded as the most significant indicator of thermal stress. The present study was therefore conducted to demonstrate the relative mRNA expression pattern of HSP70 gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during different seasons in Sahiwal cows (Bos Indicus). Apparently healthy, non - lactating and non - pregnant sahiwal cows (above two years of age) were taken for study (n = 6). Blood samples were collected thrice i.e. once in December-January (THI 72). Blood sample collected in thermo - neutral zone (THI = 72) was taken as control. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) study was undertaken to investigate the variation in relative mRNA expression profile of HSP70 gene during different seasons. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as a housekeeping gene. The relative expression values of HSP70 during summer season were found statistically significant in comparison to winter. These results suggest that HSP70 gene expression varies with THI and this variation may play an imperative role in conferring thermo tolerance against heat stress during different seasons of a year.
CCRFs: Cascaded conditional random fields for Chinese POS tagging

We present CCRFs (Cascaded Conditional Random Fields): a cascaded approach to scale Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) for Chinese POS tagging (labeling). General CRFs worked well on POS tagging, but met difficulty when dealing with a large training dataset and tag set because of high computation cost for training. CCRFs organize all tags in a hierarchy and run CRFs on each node of the hierarchy. In CCRFs framework, similar tags were treated as the same one in an upper layer, while they were distinguished in lower layer with more information from upper layer. The analysis of computation complexity shows that CCRFs can highly reduce both space complexity and time complexity for training. The experiments show that CCRFs can deal with large data sets from SIGHAN 2008 with common PCs, which cannot be handled by general CRFs under the same computational condition. Furthermore, we try to keep the good performance of CCRFs for POS tagging by selecting proper features for hierarchical POS tags clustering and introducing more rich and accurate features in the training and tagging phases. The final results show that CCRFs outperform Maximum Entropy model on all the three test datasets, and outperform enhanced Maximum Entropy model on the two of the three datasets.
A concise specification language for trace monitoring

In this paper we propose a mechanism called specification for monitoring (SFM) to specify runtime monitoring of programs at a high level, and an abstract API showing how to implement the monitor. SFM enables users to separate the semantic issues related to monitoring and implementation details. This results in compact specifications as the implementation details are delegated to the implementation of the API. We present several specifications to demonstrate that SFM is capable of addressing problems related to runtime fault detection at different levels of abstraction.
Estimating query rewriting quality over LOD

Nowadays it is becoming increasingly necessary to query data stored in different datasets of public access, such as those included in the Linked Data environment, in order to get as much information as possible on distinct topics. However, users have difficulty to query those datasets with different vocabularies and data structures. For this reason it is interesting to develop systems that can produce on demand rewritings of queries. Moreover, a semantics preserving rewriting cannot often be guaranteed by those systems due to heterogeneity of the vocabularies. It is at this point where the quality estimation of the produced rewriting becomes crucial. In this paper we present a novel framework that, given a query written in the vocabulary the user is more familiar with, the system rewrites the query in terms of the vocabulary of a target dataset. Moreover, it also informs about the quality of the rewritten query with two scores: firstly, a similarity factor which is based on the rewriting process itself, and secondly, a quality score offered by a predictive model. This model is constructed by a machine learning algorithm that learns from a set of queries and their intended (gold standard) rewritings. The feasibility of the framework has been validated in a real scenario.
CSE 237 D Final Report

When the signal strength reduces streaming of high quality video is difficult. Forward Error correction mechanism reduces the packet transmission error-rate by recovering the packet to some extent. Thus costly retransmissions of packet is prevented and throughput is improved. We chose to make a study of Polar Codes, an error correction mechanism mathematically proven to be achieving highest capacity of a wireless channel. In this paper, we have identified OFDM with 16-QAM to be a better modulation scheme for improving the BER performance. We also found that by use of Polar codes, the packet loss reduced significantly. The study was done using GNU-Radio Software defined platform with USRP hardware.
Age- and gender-specific differences in the prognostic value of CT coronary angiography

Objective To evaluate the potential age- and gender-specific differences in the incidence and prognostic value of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients undergoing CT coronary angiography (CTA). Design and patients In this multicentre prospective registry study, 2432 patients (mean age 57±12, 56% male) underwent CTA for suspected CAD. Patients were stratified into four groups according to age <60 or ≥60 years and, male or female gender. Main outcome measures A composite end point of cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction. Results CTA results were normal in 991 (41%) patients, showed non-significant CAD in 761 (31%) patients and significant CAD in the remaining 680 (28%) patients. During follow-up (median 819 days, 25–75th centile 482–1142) a cardiovascular event occurred in 59 (2.4%) patients. The annualised event rate was 1.1% in the total population (men=1.3% and women=0.9%). In patients aged <60 years, the annualised event rate of male and female patients was 0.6% and 0.5%, respectively. Among patients aged ≥60 years the annualised event rate was 1.9% in male and 1.1% in female patients. Observations on CTA predicted events in male patients, both age <60 and ≥60 years and in female patients age ≥60 years (log-rank test in all groups, p<0.01). However, CTA provided limited prognostic value in female patients aged <60 years (log-rank test, p=0.45). Conclusions After age and gender stratification, CTA findings were shown to be of limited predictive value in female patients aged <60 years as compared with male patients at any age and female patients aged ≥60 years.
Exploring the formation and electronic structure properties of the g-C3N4 nanoribbon with density functional theory

The optical properties and condensation degree (structure) of polymeric g-C3N4 depend strongly on the process temperature. For polymeric g-C3N4, its structure and condensation degree depend on the structure of molecular strand(s). Here, the formation and electronic structure properties of the g-C3N4 nanoribbon are investigated by studying the polymerization and crystallinity of molecular strand(s) employing first-principle density functional theory. The calculations show that the width of the molecular strand has a significant effect on the electronic structure of polymerized and crystallized g-C3N4 nanoribbons, a conclusion which would be indirect evidence that the electronic structure depends on the structure of g-C3N4. The edge shape also has a distinct effect on the electronic structure of the crystallized g-C3N4 nanoribbon. Furthermore, the conductive band minimum and valence band maximum of the polymeric g-C3N4 nanoribbon show a strong localization, which is in good agreement with the quasi-monomer characters. In addition, molecular strands prefer to grow along the planar direction on graphene. These results provide new insight on the properties of the g-C3N4 nanoribbon and the relationship between the structure and properties of g-C3N4.
Quantification and Patterns of Endothelial Cell Loss Due to Eye Bank Preparation and Injector Method in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Tissues

Purpose: To evaluate endothelial cell damage after eye bank preparation and passage through 1 of 2 different injectors for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts. Methods: Eighteen Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts were prepared by Lions VisionGift with the standard partial prepeel technique and placement of an S-stamp for orientation. The grafts were randomly assigned to injection with either a glass-modified Jones tube injector (Gunther Weiss Scientific Glass) or a closed-system intraocular lens injector (Viscoject 2.2; Medicel). After injection, the grafts were stained with the vital fluorescent dye Calcein AM and digitally imaged. The percentage of cell loss was calculated by measuring the area of nonfluorescent pixels and dividing it by the total graft area pixels. Results: Grafts injected using the modified Jones tube injector had an overall cell loss of 27% ± 5% [95% confidence interval, 21%–35%]. Grafts injected using the closed-system intraocular lens injector had a cell loss of 32% ± 8% (95% confidence interval, 21%–45%). This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.3). Several damage patterns including damage due to S-stamp placement were observed, but they did not correlate with injector type. Conclusions: In this in vitro study, there was no difference in the cell loss associated with the injector method. Grafts in both groups sustained significant cell loss and displayed evidence of graft preparation and S-stamp placement. Improvement in graft preparation and injection methods may improve cell retention.
Accommodation of a highly symmetric core within a symmetric protein superfold

An alternative core packing group, involving a set of five positions, has been introduced into human acidic FGF‐1. This alternative group was designed so as to constrain the primary structure within the core region to the same threefold symmetry present in the tertiary structure of the protein fold (the β‐trefoil superfold). The alternative core is essentially indistinguishable from the WT core with regard to structure, stability, and folding kinetics. The results show that the β‐trefoil superfold is compatible with a threefold symmetric constraint on the core region, as might be the case if the superfold arose as a result of gene duplication/fusion events. Furthermore, this new core arrangement can form the basis of a structural “building block” that can greatly simplify the de novo design of β‐trefoil proteins by using symmetric structural complementarity. Remaining asymmetry within the core appears to be related to asymmetry in the tertiary structure associated with receptor and heparin binding functionality of the growth factor.
Haystack: A Multi-Purpose Mobile Vantage Point in User Space

Despite our growing reliance on mobile phones for a wide range of daily tasks, their operation remains largely opaque. A number of previous studies have addressed elements of this problem in a partial fashion, trading off analytic comprehensiveness and deployment scale. We overcome the barriers to large-scale deployment (e.g., requiring rooted devices) and comprehensiveness of previous efforts by taking a novel approach that leverages the VPN API on mobile devices to design Haystack, an in-situ mobile measurement platform that operates exclusively on the device, providing full access to the device's network traffic and local context without requiring root access. We present the design of Haystack and its implementation in an Android app that we deploy via standard distribution channels. Using data collected from 450 users of the app, we exemplify the advantages of Haystack over the state of the art and demonstrate its seamless experience even under demanding conditions. We also demonstrate its utility to users and researchers in characterizing mobile traffic and privacy risks.
Uptake and accumulation of aluminium, copper and cobalt in tissue cultured Melastoma malabathricum Linn. plantlets

Aims: This studywas carried out to investigate the metal tolerance levels of Melastoma malabathricumLinn. plantlets. Study Design:The metal tolerance levels of M. malabathricumL. were examined using an in vitroapproach. The ability of the plant to survive in tissue culture medium containing aluminium (Al), copper (Cu) and cobalt (Co) were assessed. Place and Duration ofStudy:The study was carried out in the Plant Culture Lab oratory,