Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imperial-TP-AT-2007-5 Spinning superstrings at 2-loops : strong-coupling corrections to dimensions of large-twist SYM operators

We consider folded (S, J) spinning strings in AdS5 × S5 (with one spin component in AdS5 and a one in S 5) corresponding to the Tr(DSΦJ) operators in the sl(2) sector of the N = 4 SYM theory in the special scaling limit in which both the string mass ∼ √ λ ln S and J are sent to infinity with their ratio fixed. Expanding in the parameter l = J √ λ lnS we compute the 2-loop string sigma model correction to the string energy and show that it agrees with the expression proposed by Alday and Maldacena in arxiv:0708.0672. We suggest that a resummation of the logarithmic l2 ln l terms is necessary in order to establish an interpolation to the weakly coupled gauge theory results. In the process, we set up a general framework for the calculation of higher loop corrections to the energy of multi-spin string configurations. In particular, we find that in addition to the direct 2-loop term in the string energy there is a contribution from lower loop order due to a finite “renormalization” of the relation between the parameters of the classical solution and the fixed spins, i.e. the charges of the SO(2, 4) × SO(6) symmetry. radu@phys.psu. edu Also at Lebedev Institute, Moscow. tseytlin@imperial.ac. uk
Conceptualizing and measuring global mindset

The Global Mindset Inventory® has been developed through a very rigorous theoretical and empirical process. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicated three components: (a) intellectual capital, (b) social capital, and (c) psychological capital. Each component had good internal reliability. Each component showed evidence for discriminant and convergent validity. The instrument development followed a multiphase, multimethod research methodology, and has robust psychometric properties as evidenced by its strong reliability scores and its multidimensional validity properties.
Virtual reality aided assembly with directional vibro-tactile feedback

We introduce different approaches to user interface devices that provide directed tactile feedback to the user's hand. The basic idea is to enhance the user's six degrees of freedom of interaction within virtual or augmented environments by offering an additional three-dimensional tactile feedback as an immediate, directed response from the virtual world. We also describe the prototype systems TactilePointer and TACTool, which utilize vibro-motors, alarm buzzers, and piezo bend elements as actuators in combination with magnetic and optical tracking. The prototypes have been informally tested within collision sensitive virtual environments.
Identifying the Risks associated with Agile Software Development: an Empirical Investigation

Agile software development has gained widespread acceptance and adoption by a broad range of organisations. Research to-date focuses on the positive gains from Agile adoption while the possible software risks have been largely overlooked. A recent failure case of a large Agile project invites a balanced view of Agile development and consideration of risks management. As a first step towards Agile risks management and in the absence of previous research on Agile risks, this research is exploratory and aims to identify the risks of Agile software development. To this end, qualitative data was gathered through 141 face-to-face interviews with Agile software developers, scrum masters, Agile project managers, CIOs and consultants. The analysis reveals surprising risk factors that are different from the traditional risk factors identified in traditional software development environment. To our knowledge, this study is the first that identifies the risks factors involved in Agile software development and we hope it paves the way for a more balanced view on Agile software development.
Sinorhizobium meliloti CtrA stability is regulated in a CbrA-dependent manner and influenced 1 by CpdR 1 2 3

Sinorhizobium meliloti CtrA stability is regulated in a CbrA-dependent manner and influenced 1 by CpdR1 2 3 Karla B. Schallies, Craig Sadowski, Julia Meng, Peter Chien, and Katherine E. Gibson# 4 5 Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department 6 of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 7 USA 8 9 Running title: CbrA-dependent regulation of CtrA stability 10 11 # Address correspondence to Katherine E. Gibson, Katherine.Gibson@umb.edu 12 13 *Present address: Symbiota, 100 Edwin H. Land Boulevard, Cambridge, MA 02142 14 15 **Present address: Department of Biology, 5000 N Willamette Boulevard, University of 16 Portland, Portland OR 97203 17 JB Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 20 April 2015 J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.02593-14 Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
The association of interleukin 6 haplotype clades with mortality in critically ill adults.

BACKGROUND Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a key proinflammatory cytokine in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A G-->C polymorphism at position -174 of the IL-6 gene is associated with an adverse outcome in a number of inflammatory diseases, although its association with sepsis as an outcome remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that specific haplotype clades of IL-6 may be associated with an outcome of SIRS. METHODS We studied a cohort of 228 critically ill white patients who met at least 2 of 4 SIRS criteria. Clinical data were collected over 28 days after hospital admission. Haplotypes of IL-6 were inferred from publicly available data using PHASE (software for haplotype reconstruction and recombination rate estimation from population data), and cladistic structure was determined using Molecular Evolutionary Genetic Analyses (MEGA2) software. Then, a minimum set of "haplotype tag" single nucleotide polymorphisms (-174G/C, 1753C/G, and 2954G/C) that defined all 4 major haplotype clades of the IL-6 gene was chosen for further genotyping. RESULTS Patients who had 2 copies of haplotypes from within the haplotype clades -174C/1753C/2954G (C/C/G), G/G/G, or G/C/C had a greater 28-day mortality compared with patients who carried 1 or no copies of these haplotypes (40.0% vs 26.0%; P = .02). These patients also had fewer days alive and free of multiple system organ dysfunction (P<.05). There were no associations between individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (including -174G/C) and survival or organ dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS The C/C/G, G/G/G, and G/C/C haplotype clades of IL-6 were strongly associated with increased mortality and more organ dysfunction in a cohort of critically ill patients who had SIRS. Haplotype-based analysis succeeded in identifying this association, whereas individual single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis failed.
Comparing apples and oranges: toward a typology for assessing e-learning effectiveness

E-learning programs exist in a wide variety of formats. Without a framework for distinguishing between different e-learning programs, it is a challenge for researchers to compare their effectiveness or identify characteristics of e-learning that contribute to learning effectiveness. Based on general theories of learning, we develop a typology that compares e-learning programs in terms of the nature of the learning interactions they provide for learners in three dimensions: degree of interaction, learner control of interactions, and informational value of interactions. The typology dimensions apply to learner–instructor, learner–learner, and learner–instructional material interactions. We also discuss important theoretical implications of the typology. First, we show the utility of the typology for comparing the effectiveness of different e-learning programs. Second, we apply the typology dimensions to develop a theoretical framework for e-learning research that provides a foundation for examining factors that influence learning effectiveness in an e-learning program. The framework identifies e-learning program characteristics, learner characteristics, and contextual factors that impact learning effectiveness in different e-learning environments. It also shows how the typology dimensions align with learning goals to influence learning effectiveness.
Advanced real-time indoor parking localization based on semi-static objects

Indoor parking localization systems face two major challenges: the absence of GPS coverage and the dynamic character of the parking environment. The absence of GPS coverage can be compensated by data fusion of several sensors in order to localize an object in a map of the environment. However, this map may constantly change due to the dynamic nature of a parking garage. This paper describes an improvement to indoor localizations by a new map representation approach. The algorithm is developed for the application of an indoor parking system. The car park's map is based on the known permanent elements of the environment in combination with the knowledge of possibly changing elements. The permanent elements (e.g. walls) are considered static objects, while the known changing elements (e.g. parked cars) are modeled as semi-static objects. Such a representation avoids constantly updating the map with newly detected objects. Our algorithm fulfills the real-time requirement of the localization task for a computer-controlled car through the use of a particle filter. The filter uses laser scanner measurements and odometry data to localize the car in a precalculated probability grid map, containing static and semi-static elements. The evaluation of the algorithm in a real car park scenario demonstrates the robustness and real-time capability of the proposed system with a RMS error in the absolute position of 0.33m and in the heading angle of 1.03° at a computation time of 10ms per cycle.
PicoServer Revisited: On the Profitability of Eliminating Intermediate Cache Levels

The confluence of 3D stacking, emerging dense memory technologies, and low-voltage throughput-oriented manycore processors has sparked interest in single-chip servers as building blocks for scalable data-centric system design. These chips encapsulate an entire memory hierarchy within a 3D-stacked multi-die package. Stacking alters key assumptions of conventional hierarchy design, drastically increasing cross-layer bandwidth and reducing the latency ratio between successive layers. Hence, prior work, specifically PicoServer, suggests flattening the hierarchy, eliding intermediate caches that otherwise lengthen the critical path between L1 and stacked memory. Although PicoServer argues for a flattened memory hierarchy for web serving workloads, it remains unclear if its conclusions hold more generally—particularly when considering metrics besides access latency—and more recent studies have often included intermediate caches. In this paper, we investigate the bandwidth, latency, and energy filtering afforded by an L2 cache. For data-centric scientific and server applications, we conclude: (1) 3D stacking provides copious bandwidth, hence L2 bandwidth filtering is moot; (2) although a flat hierarchy is optimal for access patterns with poor temporal locality, some workloads benefit from access latency reduction afforded by L2, an effect magnified by latency-intolerant in-order cores and for memory technologies with asymmetric read and write latencies; and (3) intermediate caches are rarely desirable from an energy perspective, and only if the cache is optimized for low leakage.
Extracting Experience through Protocol Analysis

Protocol Analysis provides a means for extracting a person’s thoughts while they are performing a task. This paper used this method for generating an index of keywords based on the transcript generated through protocol analysis of an engineer working on a design project. An algorithm for processing such a body of text is described. The means for analyzing the index to form a network of keywords is introduced through the use of an illustration. The illustration is taken from a designer working on a new compressor for a gas turbine engine. The use of such an index is compared to similar indices generated using formal documentation, and the impact this would have on knowledge management systems is discussed.
Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle.

We examined acute molecular responses in skeletal muscle to divergent exercise stimuli by combining consecutive bouts of resistance and endurance exercise. Eight men [22.9 +/- 6.3 yr, body mass of 73.2 +/- 4.5 kg, peak O(2) uptake (Vo(2peak)) of 54.0 +/- 5.7 ml.kg(-1) x min(-1)] were randomly assigned to complete trials consisting of either resistance exercise (8 x 5 leg extension, 80% 1 repetition maximum) followed by a bout of endurance exercise (30 min cycling, 70% Vo(2peak)) or vice versa. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis at rest, 15 min after each exercise bout, and after 3 h of passive recovery to determine early signaling and mRNA responses. Phosphorylation of Akt and Akt1(Ser473) were elevated 15 min after resistance exercise compared with cycling, with the greatest increase observed when resistance exercise followed cycling ( approximately 55%; P < 0.01). TSC2-mTOR-S6 kinase phosphorylation 15 min after each bout of exercise was similar regardless of the exercise mode. The cumulative effect of combined exercise resulted in disparate mRNA responses. IGF-I mRNA content was reduced when cycling preceded resistance exercise (-42%), whereas muscle ring finger mRNA was elevated when cycling was undertaken after resistance exercise ( approximately 52%; P < 0.05). The hexokinase II mRNA level was higher after resistance cycling ( approximately 45%; P < 0.05) than after cycling-resistance exercise, whereas modest increases in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha mRNA did not reveal an order effect. We conclude that acute responses to diverse bouts of contractile activity are modified by the exercise order. Moreover, undertaking divergent exercise in close proximity influences the acute molecular profile and likely exacerbates acute "interference. "
Advanced Statistical Models for Software Data

In this paper, we provide a framework for investigation and quantification of impact of object-oriented design choices on the defects in software systems. We report the initial results of an extensive case study, which strongly reinforce earlier, mainly anecdotal, evidence that design aspects related to inheritance and communication between classes can be used as indicators of the most defect-prone classes. To deal with specifics of software metrics data, statistical models applicable for the non-normally distributed count data are used, such as Poisson regression, negative binomial regression, and zero-inflated negative binomial regression. Alberg diagrams are applied to assess the models’ ability to identify the most critical classes in the system. The zero-inflated negative binomial regression model, designed to explicitly model the occurrence of zero counts in the dataset, shows the best ability to describe the high variability in the dependent variable.
Impact of a large-scale market integration on the orientation of photovoltaic modules

To increase the amount of renewable energies, the Renewable Energies Act (REA) in Germany guarantees a fixed feed-in tariff for 20 years for every kilowatt-hour that is produced. Thus, photovoltaic modules were faced in the direction of the highest energy production. In this paper we investigate, if in a future energy system with a high share of renewable energy power and especially PV power, there is an incentive to face modules divergent because of an overproduction during noon. Hence, we modelled the PV generation for the states in Germany in detail as well as the spot market for the years 2014 and 2035 according to the Grid Development Plan of the German Transmission System Operators (TSO).
5′ Analysis of the soybean leghaemoglobin lbc3 gene: regulatory elements required for promoter activity and organ specificity

The soybean leghaemoglobin lbc3 gene promoter was analysed in transgenic Lotus corniculatus plants. Hybrid‐promoter constructions and 5′ deletions were studied using chimeric genes composed of the various promoters, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) coding sequence and the lbc3 3′ flanking region. A 5′ Bal31 deletion series mapped a strong positive regulatory element between −1100 and −950. A weaker element located between −230 and −170 defined the minimum 5′ region required for detectable promoter activity. Reactivation of inactive promoters with deletion endpoints between −230 and the transcription initiation site was obtained employing the constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S enhancer. The position of cis regulatory element(s) required for nodule‐specific expression was defined to 37 bp between −139 and −102. This region contains sequences conserved in other leghaemoglobin and nodulin genes. No indispensable control elements were found on the lbc3 3′ flanking region.
Evidence for increased expression of regulatory cytokine receptors interleukin‐12R and interleukin‐18R in common variable immunodeficiency

We investigated the expression of T helper (Th)1/Th2 regulatory cytokine receptors on lymphocytes from patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), a disorder associated with raised Th1 cytokine production, comparing the results with those from healthy individuals and atopic asthmatics, the latter generally considered to have a Th2‐driven disease. We proposed that alterations in some of the relevant receptors might be related to the observed imbalances in Th1/Th2 cytokines. Cells from CVID patients showed an increase in the percentages of CD212 [interleukin (IL)‐12Rβ1] cells within the CD4+ CD45RA+ and CD8+ CD45RA+ subsets (24% and 41%, respectively), as compared to CD4+ CD45RA+ and CD8+ CD45RA+ in healthy subjects (6% and 23%, respectivey). Approximately 21% of the CD4+ CD45RA+ naïve cells expressed IL‐18Rα, compared with 11% in healthy subjects. In contrast, the cytokine‐receptor expression in asthmatics was similar to that of controls. In spite of the above differences, after 72 h of stimulation with anti‐CD3 and anti‐CD28, cytokine receptor up‐regulation was similar in all three groups, with up to 80% of both CD45RA+ and CD45RO+ lymphocytes expressing CD212 (IL‐12Rβ1) and IL‐18Rα. Approximately 50% of the ‘naïve’, and 25% of the ‘memory’ subpopulations up‐regulated IL‐12Rβ2. These findings provide further evidence of a polarization towards a Th1 immune response in CVID, the mechanism possibly involving up‐regulation of IL‐12‐mediated pathways.
New strategy to balance neutral-point voltage in three-level VSI based on SVM regarding output current

This paper proposes new modulation strategy in order to balance neutral-point voltage in the three-level Voltage Source Inverter (VSI). In the proposed method, not only initial neutral-point voltages and wanted voltage vector but also resulted current is used to detect and apply appropriate space vectors. In this method, all space vectors can be categorized into two dynamic groups which are P-Type and N-Type vectors. For each dynamic category, containing vectors are selected based on resulted current vector. This method slightly injects high order harmonics which lead to enhance voltage THD, due to using small and medium space vectors. Respecting dynamic categorizing, the proposed method has strong capability to rapidly balance neutral-point voltage, with regardless ripple for all modulation index ranges and balanced/unbalanced loads. Simulation results verify the validity and capability of the modulation strategy, also the proposed method is easy to implement without adding any extra hardware and expenses.
A Website Model-Supported Focused Crawler for Search Agents

This paper advocates the use of ontology-supported website models to provide a semantic level solution for a search agent so that it can provide fast, precise, and stable search results. We have based on the technique to develop a focused crawler, which can benefit both user requests and domain semantics. Equipped with this technique, our focused crawler manifests the following interesting features: ontology-supported construction of website models, website models-supported website model expansion, and website models-supported webpage retrieval.
Combination of photodynamic therapy and immunomodulation: Current status and future trends

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used for the treatment of nonmalignant and malignant diseases from head to toe. Over the last decade its clinical application has gained increasing acceptance around the world. Pre‐clinical studies demonstrate that, in addition to the direct local cytotoxicity and vascular effects, PDT can induce various host immune responses. Recent clinical data also show that improved clinical outcomes are obtained through the combination of PDT and immunomodulation. This review will summarize and discuss recent progress in developing innovative regimen of PDT combined with immunomodulation for the treatment of both nonmalignant and malignant diseases. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 28, No. 4, 632–644, 2008
Low-artifact source separation using probabilistic latent component analysis

We propose a method based on the probabilistic latent component analysis (PLCA) in which we use exponential distributions as priors to decrease the activity level of a given basis vector. A straightforward application of this method is when we try to extract a desired source from a mixture with low artifacts. For this purpose, we propose a maximum a posteriori (MAP) approach to identify the common basis vectors between two sources. A low-artifact estimate can now be obtained by using a constraint such that the common basis vectors in the interfering signal's dictionary tend to remain inactive. We discuss applications of this method in source separation with similar-gender speakers and in enhancing a speech signal that is contaminated with babble noise. Our simulations show that the proposed method not only reduces the artifacts but also increases the overall quality of the estimated signal.
Codes reallocation and prediction for power efficiency in I-cache memory

To reduce energy consumption of cache memories is an important problem since this component spends a large portion of energy in a microprocessor. This paper proposes a compiler predicted strategy that dynamically turns off those unused cache lines to save power in architecture level. In our algorithm, the object codes of programs are reallocated in memory address map according to the I-cache structure so that the working sets are reduced in the cache memory. In addition, a few special cache-scaling instructions (CSIs) are added to the object codes to track the working set size. With the information from CSIs and the current system state, a hardware controller implements the decision of replacement algorithm and switching the power of each refill-line. Our experimental results indicate that the compiler-predicted algorithm can reduce 58.9% of energy in a 32K I-cache, while the average performance loss is only 2.7%