Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction of a murine p53 mutation corresponding to human codon 249 into a murine hepatocyte cell line results in growth advantage, but not in transformation

The p53 gene is frequently mutated in human tumors; in hepatocellular carcinomas, there is a high frequency of a specific mutation at codon 249 in regions with significant aflatoxin exposure. To assess the role of this p53 mutation in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, a mutant murine p53 gene, p53ser246, which corresponds to human codon 249, was transfected into a differentiated, nontransformed hepatocyte cell line AML12. Expression of p53ser246 in this line resulted in a growth advantage when compared with either a control vector (which contains a large p53 deletion) or with a different p53 mutant, val135, not found in hepatocellular carcinoma. Overall, there was a threefold increase in colony formation after transfection with p53ser246 as compared with the control or p53val135 vectors, and the p53ser246 plates developed consistently larger colonies. Whereas clones expressing the control or p53val135 constructs showed no significant morphological changes, clones expressing p53ser246 showed increased heterogeneity (large multinucleated cells and areas of small crowded cells) without focus formation. In addition, the ser246 mutation imparted a growth advantage in serum‐free media, suggesting less dependence on specific factors present in serum. None of the mutant p53 or control lines were capable of growth in soft agar or tumor formation in nude mice. Thus in this model, in which endogenous wild‐type p53 expression is retained, a high level of mutant p53 expression is not sufficient to transform hepatocytes. Our findings indicate that p53ser246 has effects on hepatocytes that may result in a clonal growth advantage and suggest that additional factors are required for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. (HEPATOLOGY 1995; 22:1279–1288.).
Diethyl [4-(2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-4′-yl)phenyl]phosphonate

The title compound, C25H24N3O3P, was obtained by catalytic phosphonation of 4′-(4-bromphenyl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine. The terpyridine moiety is nearly planar, the dihedral angles between the central and the outer rings being 4.06 (9) and 5.39 (9)°. The N atoms in the two pyridine rings are oriented nearly antiperiplanar to that of the central ring. The benzene ring is rotated out of the plane of the central ring of the terpyridine unit by 34.65 (6)°.
Tapping the head activates the vestibular system

We investigated the use of skull taps with a modified clinical reflex hammer as a method of vestibular activation.Using recently described EMG techniques to measure vestibulocollic reflexes in response to clicks, we were able to show analogous short-latency potentials to taps. The earliest responses were invariably absent on the side of a previous vestibular nerve section but were preserved in profound sensorineural or conductive hearing loss. We propose that the taps activated the vestibular apparatus directly by a bone-conducted vibration wave. NEUROLOGY 1995;45: 1927-1929
Effects of nominally selective inhibitors of the kinases PI3K, SGK1 and PKB on the insulin‐dependent control of epithelial Na+ absorption

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Insulin‐induced Na+ retention in the distal nephron may contribute to the development of oedema/hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes. This response to insulin is usually attributed to phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/serum and glucocorticoid‐inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) but a role for protein kinase B (PKB) has been proposed. The present study therefore aimed to clarify the way in which insulin can evoke Na+ retention.
Risk factors and outcomes of contrast-induced nephropathy in hospitalised South Africans

Background. Despite ranking third as a cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI), iatrogenic contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) impacts significantly on morbidity and mortality and is associated with high hospital costs. In sub-Saharan Africa, the rates and risk factors for CIN and patient outcomes remain unexplored. Methods. We conducted a prospective observational study at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, South Africa, from 1 July 2014 to 30 July 2015. Hospitalised patients undergoing computed tomography scan contrast media administration and angiography were consecutively recruited to the study and followed up for development of AKI. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine >25% or an absolute increase of >44 μmol/L from baseline at 48 - 72 hours post exposure to contrast media. Outcome variables were the occurrence of CIN, length of hospitalisation and in-hospital mortality. Results. We recruited 371 hospitalised patients with a mean (standard deviation) age of 49.3 (15.9). The rates of CIN, assessed using an absolute or relative increase in serum creatinine from baseline, were 4.6% and 16.4%, respectively. Anaemia was an independent predictor for the development of CIN (risk ratio (RR) 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01 - 2.87; p =0.04). The median serum albumin was 34 g/L (interquartile range (IQR) 29 - 39.5) and 38 g/L (IQR 31 - 42) in the CIN and control groups, respectively ( p =0.01), and showed a significant trend for CIN development (RR 1.68, 95% CI 0.96 - 2.92; p =0.06). Mortality was significantly increased in the CIN group (22.4% v. 6.8%; p <0.001), and CIN together with anaemia increased mortality twofold (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.20 - 4.75; p =0.01) and threefold (RR 3.32, 95% CI 1.48 - 7.43; p =0.003), respectively. Conclusions. CIN has a relatively high incidence in sub-Saharan Africa and predicts poorer clinical outcomes. The presence of CIN and anaemia positively predicted mortality. Caution should be exercised in patients with hypoalbuminaemia and anaemia undergoing contrast media administration.
Extraction and evaluation of popular online trends: A case of Pantip.com

Popular online trends detection from crowd becomes more and more essential for both trend followers and online sellers. However, huge amount of online posts, both text and images, has prevented trends detection to be manually processed. This article, focusing on text mining, aims to automatically extract popular online trends. A case study is performed on one of the most popular discussion forum websites in Thailand — i.e., Pantip.com. The approach involves employing several unsupervised text mining techniques, namely, TF-IDF and HTML scores, and supervised learning sentiment classification, to extract key topics and assess sentiment results, respectively. Also, we conducted an experiment on the performance of sentiment classification and found that support vector machine (SVM) outperformed other learning techniques. In addition, the authors developed a web- application incorporating the proposed approach. The application collects data from Pantip.com, identifies key concepts of posts and calculates the popularity of each key concept based on statistics and sentiment results.
Real-time Image Vectorization on GPU

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm to convert a raster image into its vector form. Different from the state-of-art methods, we explore the potential parallelism that exists in the problem and propose an algorithm suitable to be accelerated by the graphics hardware. In our algorithm, the vectorization task is decomposed into four steps: detecting the boundary pixels, pre-computing the connectivity relationship of detected pixels, organizing detected pixels into boundary loops and vectorizing each loop into line segments. The boundary detection and connectivity pre-computing are parallelized owing to the independence between scanlines. After a sequential boundary pixels organizing, all loops are vectorized concurrently. With a GPU implementation, the vectorization can be accomplished in real-time. Then, the image can be represented by the vectorized contour. This real-time vectorization algorithm can be used on images with multiple silhouettes and multi-view videos. We demonstrate the efficiency of our algorithm with several applications including cartoon and document vectorization.
The intestinal protist Blastocystis is not a common member of the healthy infant gut microbiota in a Westernized country (Ireland)

Abstract Research into the gut microbiota of human infants is necessary in order to better understand how inter-species interactions and ecological succession shape the diversity of the gut microbiota, and in turn, how the specific composition of the gut microbiota impacts on host health both during infancy and in later years. Blastocystis is a ubiquitous intestinal protist that has been linked to a number of intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. However, emerging data show that asymptomatic carriage is common and that Blastocystis is prevalent in the healthy adult gut microbiota. Nonetheless, little is known about the prevalence and diversity of this microorganism in the healthy infant gut, including when and how individuals become colonized by Blastocystis. Here, we surveyed the prevalence and diversity of Blastocystis in an infant population (n = 59) from an industrialized country (Ireland) using Blastocystis-specific primers at three or more time-points up to 24 months old. Only three infants were positive for Blastocystis (prevalence = 5%) and this was only noted for samples collected at month 24. This rate is comparatively low relative to previously reported prevalence rates in the contemporaneous adult population. These data suggest that infants in Westernized countries that are successfully colonized by Blastocystis most likely acquire this microorganism via horizontal transfer.
Environmental Transmission Expansion Planning using non-linear programming and evolutionary techniques

Current energy consumption has led to an increase in the use of fossil fuels to generate electricity, which in turn produces negative impacts on the environment. Studies show that demand will continue growing and new schemes for generating power and managing resources should be developed. In the case of the transmission network, some constraints may lead to use plants with high emission levels, and therefore, appropriate planning is key to minimize environmental impact. This work proposes a methodology for solving the Transmission Expansion Planning Problem (TEPP) when emissions of CO2 are considered. The result is an investment plan that leads to the lowest level of emissions by means of a Chu-Beasley Genetic Algorithm (CBGA). An improvement step is carried in the CBGA in order to minimize also the cost of the plan. Non-linear Interior Point Method (NLIPM) is used to generate the initial population and Linear (LIPM) is used to solve the operative problem in the evolutionary process. The approach is validated using the IEEE-24 bus system in order to show its effectiveness.
The Significance of Mast Cells as a Source of Histamine in the Mouse Brain

Abstract: Knowledge of the relative contributions of mast cells and neurons to the overall pool of histamine in the brain is a prerequisite to determining the significance and role of this amine in brain function. Consequently, we analyzed the levels of brain histamine in four genotypes (+/+, W/+, Wv/+, and WIWv) of WBB6F1 mice, whose numbers of brain‐associated mast cells vary in a genotypically specific manner. Although mast cell numbers ranged from a total absence of mast cells (W/Wv) to an average of about 500 mast cells/brain (W/+), no significant differences between genotypes were found in the quantities of histamine in whole brains, brain regions, or crude subcellular fractions. Thus, in this strain of mice, mast cells are not a significant source of histamine in the brain. This suggests that most of the histamine is of neuronal origin. Since neuronal histamine levels are maintained only by continued histidine decarboxylase activity, complete inhibition of this enzyme by α‐fluoromethylhistidine, a “suicide” inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, would totally deplete W/Wv mice of brain histamine. This was not found to occur in the W/Wv mice, suggesting that neuronal stores of histamine can be maintained in the absence of histidine decarboxylase, or that an additional nonneuronal, non‐mast cell source of histamine exists in the W/Wv mouse brain.
Recovery of Small Infectious PrPres Aggregates from Prion-infected Cultured Cells*

Prion diseases are characterized by deposits of abnormal conformers of the PrP protein. Although large aggregates of proteinase K-resistant PrP (PrPres) are infectious, the precise relationships between aggregation state and infectivity remain to be established. In this study, we have fractionated detergent lysates from prion-infected cultured cells by differential ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration and have characterized a previously unnoticed PrP species. This abnormal form is resistant to proteinase K digestion but, in contrast to typical aggregated PrPres, remains in the soluble fraction at intermediate centrifugal forces and is not retained by filters of 300-kDa cutoff. Cell-based assay and inoculation to animals demonstrate that these entities are infectious. The finding that cell-derived small infectious PrPres aggregates can be recovered in the absence of strong in vitro denaturating treatments now gives a biological basis for investigating the role of small PrP aggregates in the pathogenicity and/or the multiplication cycle of prions.
Root canal treatment in Denmark is most often carried out in carious vital molar teeth and retreatments are rare.

AIM To study the reasons given by a representative sample of Danish general dental practitioners (GDPs) for undertaking root canal treatment and, to investigate their confidence in performing root canal treatment on molar teeth. METHODOLOGY A questionnaire was sent to 600 Danish GDPs randomly selected from the roster of the Danish Dental Association. They were asked to recall various factors about their experience of the last root filling they completed, including the reason for treatment and the pulp diagnosis. Self-assessments on 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were reported concerning the confidence in performing root canal treatment of a molar. End-point definitions were 'very easy' (0) and 'very difficult' (100), respectively. Time reports of molar treatments were given in categorized groups. RESULTS The most frequent reason for performing root canal treatment was caries within the tooth involved (55%). The majority of treatments involved teeth with vital pulps (54%). Retreatments were carried out in 2% of the cases. The confidence in performing root canal treatment varied but was relatively high, expressed as VAS-values below 50. The creation of an aseptic working field was regarded as the most difficult procedure followed by root canal preparation. Fifty-six percent of the responders stated a time frame of 46-75 min to complete root filling in a molar tooth. CONCLUSIONS Root canal treatment in Denmark was reported to be undertaken most often because of caries. Treatment was typically performed in molar teeth with vital pulp. Even though apical periodontitis was frequently noted in root filled teeth, retreatments were rare. From a subjective perspective root canal treatment was not considered to be very difficult and was carried out relatively rapidly.
SUPERVISOR BEHAVIOR AND EMPLOYEE PRESENTEEISM

Presenteeism happens when employees are at work, but their cognitive energy is not devoted to their work. This study investigated the extent to which supervisor behavior is associated with employee presenteeism. It also investigated the efficacy of a measure of job-stress-related presenteeism. Australian employees completed a questionnaire asking how often they experience job-stress-related presenteeism and about their supervisors’ behaviors. Results supported the hypothesis that supervisor behavior is associated with employees’ presenteeism. Negative supervisor behaviors were more strongly correlated with presenteeism than positive supervisor behaviors. These results suggest presenteeism is subject to supervisor influence. In addition, results indicate that the measure of job-stress-related presenteeism pilottested in this study has good internal-consistency reliability and validity.
ACTIVATION OF ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE IN CONTRALATERAL TESTIS DURING UNILATERAL TESTICULAR TORSION IN RATS

There are controversies about the injury of the contralateral testis during unilateral testicular torsion (UTT). An autonomic reflex arc between bilateral testes has been proposed. The authors focused on the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) in the contralateral testis during UTT. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats underwent unilateral torsion (1 h)-detorsion (up to 24 h). NO synthase (NOS) activity was detected as NADPH-diaphorase activity after fixation by paraformaldehyde. N -nitro- L -Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 20 mg/kg) was injected intravenously to the other group of rats. To evaluate the testicular injury, proteolysis of f -fodrin production was detected by Western blotting. Apoptosis of the germ cells was evaluated by TUNEL. Long-term effect on spermatogenesis was evaluated by flow cytometry at 60 days after UTT. Transient activation of NOS was detected following the proteolysis of f -fodrin in the contralateral testis. L-NAME inhibited these alterations. NADPH-diaphorase activity and eNOS immunoreactivity were co-localized in the endothelial cells. These reactions were not observed in other organs. There was neither enhanced apoptosis nor deteriorated spermatogenesis in the contralateral testis during and 60 days after UTT. In the contralateral testis, eNOS-derived NO regulates the vasomotor function against unilateral testicular torsion, whereas it acts slightly cytotoxic. These results suggest the possible involvement of a testis-specific neurovasomotor reflex between the bilateral testes.
Microsatellites: perspectives and potentials of mass spectrometric analysis

Mass spectrometry is a powerful analytical tool in biotechnology. The ´soft´ ionization and desorption technologies matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization and electrospray ionization have enabled mass spectrometric analysis of large biomolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acid amplification products, and paved the way for mass spectrometry to become a leading technology in current genomics and proteomics efforts. Large-scale analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms by mass spectrometry has been commercially established. This article reviews applications of mass spectrometry for microsatellite analysis. Features and capabilities of the two most prominent techniques, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization and electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry, are compared and their potential to address the limitations of conventional microsatellite analysis based on comparison of gel electrophoretic mobilities is explored.
Compressing big graph data: A relative node importance approach

Given a complex graph of large network, people always want to capture its desirable information of interest. In order to dig the underlying structure of the extremely large graph dataset, compression is necessary, which also helps in further communication and computation. In this paper, by invoking a newly proposed node centrality metric named relative node importance (RNI), an effective compressing scheme is presented for complex graph datasets. Besides measuring the distance and connectivity distribution of the graph structure, we firstly take k-core distribution into consideration. Compared with the existing schemes, the proposed one has lower computational complexity and fits different kinds of networks, e.g., social network, the World Wide Web (WWW) and autonomous systems (AS) network. Numerical results show that our RNI-based method outperforms other schemes and well preserving the basic features of a graph.
Cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry and alignment statistics in homogeneous rotating turbulence

The cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry occurring in rotating turbulence is investigated through the analysis of the alignment statistics between vorticity and the rotation vector. The advantage of this approach, as compared to the usual measurement of the vertical vorticity skewness, is that the symmetry-breaking can be thus quantified through the analysis of first- and second-order moments, whose statistics convergence is more easily achieved than that of third-order ones. The vorticity/rotation alignment statistics are investigated by direct numerical simulation, both in forced and in freely decaying homogeneous turbulence. In the forced case, the cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry gets stronger as the Rossby number is decreased, whereas the opposite behavior occurs in the decaying case. These findings are shown to be consistent with the existence of a non-monotonic Rossby-number dependence of the asymmetry. A preferential antialignment of vorticity with the rotation vector is found in all the flows considered, a.
GIS-Technologies and Mathematical Simulation as Tools for Lightning-Caused Forest Fire Danger Prediction

New approach to forecasting of forest fire danger caused by storm activity is presented in the article. This approach is based on using the criteria of forest fire danger and physically proved mathematical models of forest fuel ignition. The formula of criterion is based on a probabilistic assessment of forest fire danger and uses the main theorems of probability theory. Data of a forest fire retrospective on the controlled territory are used to assess the members in probabilistic criterion. Timiryazevskiy local forestry of the Timiryazevskiy timber enterprise of the Tomsk region is considered as a typical territory. It is shown that it is not enough to use only statistical information on forest fires for an adequate assessment of the forest fire danger caused by action of storm activity. Visualization of data is carried out with the use of geoinformation technologies.
Segmented Dynamic Time Warping for Spoken Query-by-Example Search

This paper describes a low-resource approach to a Query-byExample task, where spoken queries must be matched in a large dataset of spoken documents sometimes in complex or nonexact ways. Our approach tackles these complex match cases by using Dynamic Time Warping to obtain alternative paths that account for reordering of words, small extra content and small lexical variations. We also report certain advances on calibration and fusion of sub-systems that improve overall results, such as manipulating the score distribution per query and using an average posteriorgram distance matrix as an extra sub-system. Results are evaluated on the MediaEval task of Query-by-Example Search on Speech (QUESST). For this task, the language of the audio being searched is almost irrelevant, approaching the use case scenario to a language of very low resources. For that, we use as features the posterior probabilities obtained from five phonetic recognizers trained with five different languages.