Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integration of gene expression data and genetic variations involved in breast cancer.

PURPOSE The studies of transcriptome and genome involved in breast cancer are effectively promote the understanding of biological processes and the development of novel targeted therapies. Here we performed an integrated analysis of gene expression and genetic variation to disclose the molecular pathogenesis in breast cancer. METHODS Gene expression profiles were applied to identify differential expression levels of genes between breast cancer and normal subjects. DNA sequencing data were extracted to analyze gene mutational information including number of mutations, number of mutated genes and their chromosomal distributions. Correlation analysis of gene mutations and differential expression was performed. Network-based approach was applied to compare the topological properties between the differentially expressed (DE) genes prone to mutation and those that(were not. Two-tailed p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that DE genes presented significantly positive correlation with the number of mutations (p=1.267E(-05)), mutated genes (p=0.00001) and total genes in the genome (p=2.489E(-06)). There were 81 genes, both DE and mutant, and they were distributed on chromosome 4 (N=51), chromosome 15 (N=29), and chromosome 18 (N=1). These 81 genes showed an increase in the number of genes interacting with in the protein-protein network. CONCLUSION Analysis of the integration of transcriptome and genome in breast cancer disclosed distinctive topology between the DE genes prone to mutation and those that were not.
Projecting Rates of Spread for Invasive Species

All else being equal, the faster an invading species spreads, the more dangerous its invasion. The projection of spread rate therefore ought to be a central part of the determination of invasion risk. Originally formulated in the 1970s to describe the spatial spread of advantageous alleles, integrodifference equation (IDE) models have since been co‐opted by population biologists to describe the spread of populations. More recently, they have been modified to include population structure and environmental variability. We review how IDE models are formulated, how they are parameterized, and how they can be analyzed to project spread rates and the sensitivity of those rates to changes in model parameters. For illustrative purposes, we apply these models to Cytisus scoparius, a large shrub in the legume family that is considered a noxious invasive species in eastern and western North America, Chile, Australia, and New Zealand.
Extragonadal germ cell tumors: relation to testicular neoplasia and management options

An unselected population of 635 consecutive extragonadal GCT patients (EGCT) treated between 1975 through 1996 at 11 cancer centers was retrospectively evaluated for clinical prognosis and biological features of this disease. Five hundred twenty‐four patients (83%) had a nonseminomatous GCT, and 104 patients (16%) a seminomatous histology; 341 (54%) patients had a primary mediastinal EGCT, and 283 patients (45%) a retroperitoneal EGCT. Following platinum based induction chemotherapy±secondary surgery, 141 patients (49%) with mediastinal nonseminomas (median follow up period: 19 months) and 144 patients (63%) with retroperitoneal nonseminoma (median follow up period: 29 months) are alive [p=0.0006]. In contrast, the overall survival rate for patients with seminomatous EGCT is 88% with no difference between patients with mediastinal or retroperitoneal tumor location (median follow up period: 49 months). Multivariate analysis revealed nonseminomatous histology, the presence of non‐pulmonary visceral metastases, primary mediastinal GCT location, and elevated β‐HCG as independent prognostic factors for shorter survival. Sixteen patients (4.1%) developed a metachronous testicular cancer despite the use of platinum based chemotherapy. The cumulative risk of developing a MTC 10‐years after a diagnosis of EGCT was 10.3% (95% CI=4.9 to 15.6%), but higher among patients with nonseminomatous EGCT (14.3%; 95% CI=6.7 to 21.9%) or retroperitoneal EGCT location (14.2%; 95% CI=5.6 to 22.8%) than among patients with seminomatous EGCT (1.4%; 95% CI=0.0 to 4.2) or mediastinal EGCT location (6.2%; 95% CI=0.1 to 12.2). After a median follow‐up of 51 months (range=1 to 154 months), all 16 MTC patients were alive without disease. Patients with pure seminomatous EGCT histology have a long term chance of cure of almost 90% irrespective of the primary tumor site. Patients with mediastinal nonseminomas have a five‐years survival rate of 45%. This outcome is clearly inferior compared to patients with nonseminomatous retroperitoneal primaries who have a five‐year survival rate of 62%.
The Effect of Fiscal Illusion on Public Sector Financial Management

An important concern to the efficiency of public finance systems is that voters may suffer from various “fiscal illusions” that can be exploited by politicians to grow the public sector. This article contributes evidence on the specific public financial management mechanisms by associating the impact property reassessments have on the “visibility” of budget size signaled by property tax rates. Using data from Virginia cities and counties from 2001 to 2011, the results indicate mass reappraisals, which reduce property tax visibility cause contemporaneous property tax levy increases, as do reappraisals that increase future tax visibility. These revenue shocks are then smoothed into expenditures through the management of assets, indicating policy makers prefer the spending to be drawn from future cash reserves than immediate projects that might draw attention to the source of fiscal illusion.
Four-Dimensional SAR Imaging for Height Estimation and Monitoring of Single and Double Scatterers

The superposition of contributions from different stable targets within the same pixel is a phenomenon that may impair the imaging and monitoring of ground scatterers via the multipass synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry technique. Three-dimensional SAR imaging, also known as SAR tomography, uses multiple views to profile the scattering power at different heights. This technique has been shown to be capable of separating interfering target responses on real data. Differential SAR tomography has been recently proposed as a technique that extends the potentialities of SAR tomography to the target deformation monitoring. It performs a 4-D space-velocity imaging that enables not only separating interfering targets in elevation but also distinguishing their single slow deformation velocities. This work addresses for the first time the application of 4-D SAR imaging to real data to determine the height and mean deformation velocity of single scatterers and double-scattering mechanisms interfering at high resolution in the same pixel. It also discusses the postprocessing steps required to identify the presence of stable single and double scatterers after elevation-velocity focusing. Moreover, it proposes a technique for the extraction of time series from interfering targets to measure possible nonlinear temporal deformations.
New delay-independent stability analysis for discrete fuzzy time-delay control systems

This paper is concerned with the stability issue of the discrete Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy control systems with time-delay. The information of premise membership functions of the fuzzy time-delay model and fuzzy controllers are all considered in stability analysis. A new delay-independent stability criterion in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is proposed. Finally a simulation example is presented to illustrate the less conservativeness of the proposed results.
Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: what are the long-term health-related quality-of-life outcomes?

OBJECTIVE Numerous investigations have examined the efficacy of pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. However, relatively few studies have addressed the impact of treatment on long-term subjective, psychosocial outcomes, such as health-related quality of life (HRQL). This study examines the long-term effects of pharmacological treatment with atomoxetine on HRQL in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS Participants included 6- to 17-year-old children and adolescents (n = 912) with ADHD enrolled in a 24-month, multicenter, open-label trial of atomoxetine. Outcomes included clinician ratings of ADHD, parent ratings of ADHD, and a widely used measure of HRQL (The Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ)). Treatment response rates were calculated based on a CHQ improvement of at least 1 standard error of measurement. RESULTS Significant improvements in HRQL were found following both acute and long-term treatment for psychosocial but not physical health. Of participants who completed treatment (n = 312 or 34.2% of those enrolled), 81% responded to acute treatment and 78% responded to long-term treatment. Improvements noted after acute treatment were maintained during long-term treatment with the majority of participants (86%) continuing to respond to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Atomoxetine is associated with improvements in HRQL, and the improvements are generally stable over time.
Haploinsufficiency of NADPH Oxidase Subunit Neutrophil Cytosolic Factor 2 Is Sufficient to Accelerate Full‐Blown Lupus in NZM 2328 Mice

We have previously established that the gene for neutrophil cytosolic factor 2 (NCF‐2) predisposes to lupus, and we have identified lupus patients with point mutations that are predicted to cause reduced NADPH oxidase activity. We undertook this study to investigate the relationship between reduced leukocyte NADPH oxidase activity and immune dysregulation associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Convergent Validity and the Time Consistency of Preferences: Evidence from the Iowa Lakes Recreation Demand Project

We examine the consistency of preferences over time and as implied by revealed versus stated preference (contingent behavior) data. Studies in this area are typically based upon a single site and focus on consumer response to changes in travel cost or site access. We use data from the Iowa Lakes Project, which provides information on usage patterns over several years and for 132 lakes, along with detailed water quality data. This allows us to test for convergence in how individuals respond to changing site characteristics, as well as the consistency of preferences over time and between actual versus contingent trips. (JEL Q51)
Unmarried mothers: A social profile

Since the late 1950s the number of children delivered to unmarried women in Ireland has increased tenfold. In the same period the number of children placed for adoption doubled initially then returned to the level of the 1950s. While such trends come as no surprise they tell little if anything about the mothers involved. This study looks beyond the macro trends to examine the social profile of a significant group in Irish society. Using national and international data and a study population of over 5000 unmarried women who delivered in the National Maternity Hospital Dublin the study documents the parenting decision parental awareness and support the womens relationships with their partners and other issues. (EXCERPT)
Fine-Grained Reliability for V2V Communications around Suburban and Urban Intersections

Safe transportation is a key use-case of the 5G/LTE Rel.15+ communications, where an end-to-end reliability of 0.99999 is expected for a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) transmission distance of 100-200 m. Since communications reliability is related to road-safety, it is crucial to verify the fulfillment of the performance, especially for accident-prone areas such as intersections. We derive closed-form expressions for the V2V transmission reliability near suburban corners and urban intersections over finite interference regions. The analysis is based on plausible street configurations, traffic scenarios, and empirically-supported channel propagation. We show the means by which the performance metric can serve as a preliminary design tool to meet a target reliability. We then apply meta distribution concepts to provide a careful dissection of V2V communications reliability. Contrary to existing work on infinite roads, when we consider finite road segments for practical deployment, fine-grained reliability per realization exhibits bimodal behavior. Either performance for a certain vehicular traffic scenario is very reliable or extremely unreliable, but nowhere in relatively proximity to the average performance. In other words, standard SINR-based average performance metrics are analytically accurate but can be insufficient from a practical viewpoint. Investigating other safety-critical point process networks at the meta distribution-level may reveal similar discrepancies.
The effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on perceived breathlessness during exercise in humans.

1. The sensation of breathlessness increases when ventilation is reflexly stimulated but it is not clear whether different stimuli have specific effects in the genesis of this sensation. 2. Our aim was to compare subjective assessments of the intensity of breathlessness at the same levels of ventilation induced by different combinations of reflex ventilatory stimuli. 3. Against a background of progressive exercise (maximum workload 170 W) in ‘blinded’ normal naive subjects, normoxic hypercapnia (maximum end‐tidal CO2, PET, CO2, 56 mmHg) or isocapnic hypoxia (minimum O2 saturation 88%) was induced to achieve levels of ventilation (maximum 60 l min‐1) ‘matched’ with those resulting from a higher intensity of exercise alone. Subjective breathlessness was rated with a visual analogue scale. 4. For a given ventilation, compared with exercise alone, breathlessness scores were similar during hypercapnia and were lower during hypoxia. 5. These results do not support the idea that during exercise, hypercapnia or hypoxia has a specific role in the genesis of the sensation of breathlessness. 6. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the degree of reflex ventilatory activation, however achieved, is an important determinant of the intensity of perceived breathlessness in healthy humans.
Exploring the Factor Structure of Financial Capacity in Cognitively Normal and Impaired Older Adults

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the factor structure of financial capacity using a direct-performance measure of financial skills (The Financial Capacity Instrument [FCI]) as a proxy for the financial capacity construct. Methods: The study sample was composed of 440 older adults who represented the cognitive spectrum from normal cognitive aging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to mild dementia: 179 healthy older adults, 149 participants with MCI, and 112 participants with mild Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). Results: Both Velicer’s Minimum Average Partial test and Horn’s parallel analysis supported a four-factor solution which accounted for 46% of variance. The four extracted factors were interpreted as: (1) Basic Monetary Knowledge and Calculation Skills, (2) Financial Judgment, (3) Financial Conceptual Knowledge, and (4) Financial Procedural Knowledge. Conclusions: The study findings represent an important first step in empirically articulating the financial capacity construct in aging. The four identified factors can guide both clinical practice and future instrument utilization and development. Clinical Implications: Cognitively impaired older adults with MCI and mild AD dementia are likely to show financial changes in one or more of the four identified financial factors. Clinicians working with older adults should routinely examine for potential changes in these four areas of financial function.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Acid Adaptation-Mediated Vibrio cholerae Hyperinfectivity

ABSTRACT Acid adaptation has previously been shown to increase the infectivity of Vibrio cholerae in the infant mouse model. To better understand this phenomenon, we monitored the spatial distribution and temporal changes in the ratios of acid-adapted cells to unadapted V. cholerae cells in the small intestine, as well as the timing of virulence factor expression. We found that the competitive advantage afforded by acid adaptation does not become manifest until greater than 3 h postinfection; thus, acid adaptation does not increase V. cholerae passage through the gastric acid barrier. Additionally, acid-adapted and unadapted V. cholerae cells colonize the same sections of the small intestine and show similar kinetics of transcriptional induction of the virulence genes tcpA and ctxA. These studies suggest that the increased infectivity of acid-adapted V. cholerae is due to a more rapid onset of multiplication and/or to an increased multiplication rate within the infant mouse intestine.
Event detection in social media: A survey

The emergence of social media open a lot of research opportunity. Information from social media could be used for many things, such as detecting event, predicting event, and even for early warning system. This paper describe topics related to analyzing social media for detecting four types of event, that is, disaster, traffic, outbreak, and news. Several approaches used to analyze social media data are also presented.
Estimating Learnability in the Sublinear Data Regime

We consider the problem of estimating how well a model class is capable of fitting a distribution of labeled data. We show that it is often possible to accurately estimate this "learnability" even when given an amount of data that is too small to reliably learn any accurate model. Our first result applies to the setting where the data is drawn from a $d$-dimensional distribution with isotropic covariance (or known covariance), and the label of each datapoint is an arbitrary noisy function of the datapoint. In this setting, we show that with $O(\sqrt{d})$ samples, one can accurately estimate the fraction of the variance of the label that can be explained via the best linear function of the data. In contrast to this sublinear sample size, finding an approximation of the best-fit linear function requires on the order of $d$ samples. Our sublinear sample results and approach also extend to the non-isotropic setting, where the data distribution has an (unknown) arbitrary covariance matrix: we show that, if the label $y$ of point $x$ is a linear function with independent noise, $y = \langle x , \beta \rangle + noise$ with $\|\beta \|$ bounded, the variance of the noise can be estimated to error $\epsilon$ with $O(d^{1-1/\log{1/\epsilon}})$ if the covariance matrix has bounded condition number, or $O(d^{1-\sqrt{\epsilon}})$ if there are no bounds on the condition number. We also establish that these sample complexities are optimal, to constant factors. Finally, we extend these techniques to the setting of binary classification, where we obtain analogous sample complexities for the problem of estimating the prediction error of the best linear classifier, in a natural model of binary labeled data. We demonstrate the practical viability of our approaches on several real and synthetic datasets.
An indoor human motion detection algorithm based on channel state information

Human motion detection based on CSI (Channel State Information) is a hot research topic. Many researchers started to focus on it. By extracting amplitude and phase of CSI, it can be applied to detect human motions. In this paper, we employ the phase to detect intrusion. Firstly, we use a liner transformation to eliminate the shift of phases of different subcarriers. Subsequently, we defined two reference points for the short-term case(SES) and the long-term case(LES). The former is used to detect if someone is walking in indoor room and the latter is to detect whether the person is walking continuously. We implemented our approaches with the normal WiFi equipment and evaluated the performances of our algorithm in real environment. Experimental results show a high accuracy of our algorithm.
Compact Suffix Array - A Space-Efficient Full-Text Index

Suffix array is a widely used full-text index that allows fast searches on the text. It is constructed by sorting all suffixes of the text in the lexicographic order and storing pointers to the suffixes in this order. Binary search is used for fast searches on the suffix array. Compact suffix array is a compressed form of the suffix array that still allows binary searches, but the search times are also dependent on the compression. In this paper, we give efficient methods for constructing and querying compact suffix arrays. We also study practical issues, such as the trade off between compression and search times, and show how to reduce the space requirement of the construction. Experimental results are provided in comparison with other search methods. With a large text corpora, the index took 1.6 times the size of the text, while the searches were only two times slower than from a suffix array.
Cognitive function in unipolar major depression: A comparison of currently depressed, previously depressed, and never depressed individuals

There is a lack of consensus upon a conclusive cognitive profile characterizing unipolar major depression. Currently depressed (n = 37), recovered previously depressed (n = 81), and never depressed controls (n = 50) underwent assessment of executive functions, working memory, attention, and psychomotor speed. Currently depressed yielded significantly lower test scores than previously and never depressed subjects on a measure of working memory. Both currently depressed and previously depressed scored significantly lower than never depressed subjects on measures of processing speed. Recurrent depressed performed similarly to subjects with a single depressive episode. These findings indicate a mild and limited cognitive impairment during the course of a mild to moderate major depressive disorder among relatively young adults. Impaired processing speed should be considered in further studies as a potential irreversible marker for recurrent depression.