Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault Tolerant Frequent patterns mining in large datasets having certain and uncertain records

Finding frequent patterns has been a focused area in the knowledge discovery process. Large numbers of algorithms have been proposed for frequent patterns mining. However, most of the frequent patterns mining approaches have been centered on the certain or deterministic datasets, where records are either present or absent. Because of the large areas, where uncertain datasets are in use, various algorithms for finding frequent patterns in uncertain datasets have also been developed. In uncertain or non-deterministic or probabilistic datasets, an existential probability is attached with every record. Existential probabilities indicate the likelihood of records appearance in the datasets. Furthermore, in areas such as geo spatial, remote image, object identification , weather forecasting, IoT enabled applications, used or generated datasets contain both certain and uncertain records. Mining frequent patterns over such datasets which have both certain and uncertain records require a different approach altogether. In this work, we propose a Fault Tolerant Frequent patterns mining for large datasets that contain both certain and uncertain records. Fault-tolerant mining is relatively new and fruitful direction of research among data mining community. In fault tolerant mining, instead of exact matching based on support and confidence value, an approximate matching is done to find frequent patterns. This approximate matching on the basis of fault gives a more insight of interesting information even if the datasets have some errors or 2382 S M Arif Ashraf and Md. Tabrez Nafis missing information or changed information which could not be possible otherwise with exact matching. Experimental results with synthesized datasets show that our algorithm is fairly efficient for performing fault tolerant frequent patterns mining.
Does Social Participation Predict Better Health? A Longitudinal Study in Rural Malawi

Research on the relationship between social capital and individual health often suffers from important limitations. Most research relies on cross-sectional data, which precludes identifying whether participation predicts health and/or vice versa. Some important conceptualizations of social capital, like social participation, have seldom been examined. Little is known about participation and health in sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, both physical and mental health have seldom been tested together, and variation by age has rarely been examined. We use longitudinal survey data for 2,328 men and women from the Malawi Longitudinal Study of Families and Health, containing (1) several measures of social participation, (2) measures of physical and mental health, and (3) an age range of 15 to 80+ years. Our results differ by gender and age and for mental and physical health. We find that social participation is associated with better physical health but can predict worse mental health for Malawians.
Rebooting Philippine Telecommunications Through Structural Reform

The quality of the Philippine telecommunication/information and communication technology (ICT) regulatory environment is significantly below what is considered international best practice. Using a scoring system developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), where 100 points represent the best possible scenario, the Philippines is only midway toward the ideal with a score of 52.50––second lowest in a group of seven ASEAN members. A package of structural reforms is needed to improve regulatory quality and support the efficient functioning of ICT markets. While the regulatory regime (or specific rules) and the competition framework are essential elements, they will only work if an effective regulatory authority with the right mandate is in place. Therefore, this should be prioritized in the reform agenda. Last but not least, universal access/service is an important goal that needs to be pursued. We should learn from our own and other countries' experience in crafting a new strategy.
How the Loyalty of Expedition Business Can Be Formed Through Trust and Satisfaction

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of satisfaction and trust in mediating the relationship between service quality and brand image, and customer's intention to be loyal. The data is collected using survey and conducted by distributing questionnaire through a website. Website is selected as a media to distribute th research instrument because today marketplace shows a shift from offline to online platform. This study selected 200 people who have the intention to loyal with Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir (JNE) service as samples. Structural Equation Model (SEM) is statistical method chosen to elaborate the relationship among the variables. The result of this research indicates that service quality and brand image have positive and significant effect on satisfaction and trust. In addition, this research also find the mediation effect of satisfaction and trust in shaping customer loyalty. This study also discusses the implications from theoretical, practical, and future research, point of view. Keywords: Service Quality, Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction, Customer Trust, Customer Loyalty
Orthotic functional electrical stimulation following botulinum toxin for a young adult with severe hand impairment due to childhood stroke

ABSTRACT This case report describes the outcomes of a task-specific training protocol using functional electrical stimulation for a young adult with severe hand impairment from a childhood stroke who had a history of tendon transfer and a recent botulinum toxin injection. A 22-year-old female who had a hemorrhagic stroke at age 5, a tendon transfer at 18, and a botulinum toxin injection 6 weeks before study entry, participated in a home- and clinic-based task-specific training program using a functional electrical stimulation orthosis. Training was 30–90 minutes per day, 4 days per week, for 4 weeks. Stroke-specific outcomes were measured before and after intervention. Increases occurred in the following scores: Action Research Arm Test, Stroke Impact Scale Hand Function Domain, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. A task-specific training protocol using orthotic functional electrical stimulation appears to have increased hand function and quality of life for an adult with chronic, childhood-onset stroke. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the efficacy of functional electrical stimulation for such an individual.
Nonlinear Pricing and Oligopoly

We consider the general problem of price discrimination with nonlinear pricing in an oligopoly setting where firms are spatially differentiated. We characterize the nature of optimal pricing schedules, which in turn depends importantly upon the type of private inflation the customer possesses--either horizontal uncertainty regarding brand preference or vertical uncertainty regarding quality preference. We show that as competition increases, the resulting quality distortions decrease, as well as price and quality dispersions. Additionally, we indicate conditions under which price discrimination may raise social welfare by increasing consumer surplus through encouraging greater entry. Copyright 1995 by MIT Press.
On the use of a dielectric matching layer for ultra wideband medical applications

Ultra wideband (UWB) radio signals have gained significant attention for emerging medical applications. Communication with medical implanted sensors and actuators, biomedical radar, microwave imaging, and microwave hyperthermia are some examples of said applications. All these diagnostic and therapeutic methods necessitate the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves toward or from the human body. In such scenarios, a segment of the wave propagation path is inside the human body and the other segment is outside, i.e., in the free-space. This geometry creates an impedance mismatch between the two propagation environments, which results in inefficient power transmission of the EM wave. In order to improve the EM wave coupling to/from the body, a matching layer of dielectric material with the appropriate permittivity value can be used. This paper analyzes the effect of a single layer of dielectric material on the propagation of a UWB wave through the human chest in the 100--1000 MHz frequency range. Path loss models for different matching layer materials were obtained and a guideline for selecting the appropriate permittivity value is presented.
Fear of blood, injury, and injections, and its relationship to dental anxiety and probability of avoiding dental treatment among 18-year-olds in Norway.

BACKGROUND More knowledge about the relationship between blood-injury-injection phobia (BIIP) and dental anxiety (DA) may give new clinically relevant information in the assessment and management of children with DA. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to explore the relationships between BIIP and DA, and to explore to what extent the two subtypes of BIIP in combination with DA are related to self-reported probability of avoiding dental treatment if a dental injection is needed. METHODS The subjects were a random sample of 1385 18-year-olds attending high schools in a county of Norway, and the data were collected by use of questionnaires completed in classrooms. The survey instruments applied were Dental Fear Survey, Injection Phobia Scale-Anxiety, and Mutilation Questionnaire. RESULTS About 11% of the subjects with DA and subtypes of BIIP, respectively, reported high probability of avoiding dental treatment in a situation where a dental injection was possibly needed. In multiple regression analysis, only DA contributed to self-reports of high probability of avoiding dental treatment. CONCLUSION The results indicate that among adolescents, BIIP is relatively often connected with DA. Clinical implications are discussed.
Impacts of Additive Manufacturing on Supply Chain Flow: A Simulation Approach in Healthcare Industry

Additive manufacturing (AM) can lead to innovative solutions in traditional supply chain networks (TSCN), which contains very complicated and -hard to manage- chains. With 3D printing technology, a design file can transform directly to a product, skipping many traditional manufacturing steps. Thus, this new application can affect all logistics and supply chain activities positively. The research problem of this paper is to search and assess supply chain changes associated with 3D printing technology adoption to identify the potential impact of AM. To do so, two different supply chain networks, which are TSCN and 3D printing supply chain network (3DPSCN) for healthcare industry are considered. A simulation model is developed to evaluate the potential impact of 3D printing improvements on the configuration of orthopedic insole supply chains. The main contribution of this paper is proposing a simulation model for a healthcare company to compare its 3DPSCN structure with its TSCN version. The results show the concrete benefits such as lead-time and number of customers that can be achieved by 3DPSCN compared to TSCN.
Rare and Common Variants Conferring Risk of Tooth Agenesis

We present association results from a large genome-wide association study of tooth agenesis (TA) as well as selective TA, including 1,944 subjects with congenitally missing teeth, excluding third molars, and 338,554 controls, all of European ancestry. We also tested the association of previously identified risk variants, for timing of tooth eruption and orofacial clefts, with TA. We report associations between TA and 9 novel risk variants. Five of these variants associate with selective TA, including a variant conferring risk of orofacial clefts. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the genetic architecture of tooth development and disease. The few variants previously associated with TA were uncovered through candidate gene studies guided by mouse knockouts. Knowing the etiology and clinical features of TA is important for planning oral rehabilitation that often involves an interdisciplinary approach.
A new contour method for highly detailed geometry

Ray-traced contours are inherently challenged by highly detailed geometry, as commonly found in organic shapes. Existing contour methods cannot reflect such complexity in an artistically pleasing way (Figure 1 A), and animations are prone to flicker. After a brief explanation of contour generation and its inherent challenges, this talk presents a novel approach to rendering aesthetic and flicker-free contours on highly detailed geometry (Figure 1 B). The new method employs sub-pixel-level sub-sampling to achieve a high level of detail quality, and supports contours in transparency, reflection and refraction. The implementation uses mental ray (Unified Sampling mode) but could be realized in other ray tracing renderers as well.
Distributed sendbox scheme for mobile agent communication

In a mobile agent system, communication protocol is a key mechanism since agents need to communicate each other to achieve their joint goal. Many researches are studying mobile agent communication in order to provide a reliable communication protocol for mobile agents. In this research, we investigate communication issues among mobile agents, and propose a distributed sendbox approach based on session initiation protocol (SIP) as the signaling protocol. The distributed sendbox scheme offers two modes. Direct mode is used when receiver agent is stationary, whereas forward mode is invoked as receiver agent is moving. A prototype system is developed, and experiment results are also presented.
GIANT SPARKS AT COSMOLOGICAL DISTANCES?

Millisecond-duration bright radio pulses at 1.4 GHz with high dispersion measures (DMs) were reported by Lorimer et al., Keane et al., and Thornton et al. Their all-sky rate is ≈104 day−1 above ∼1 Jy. Related events are “Perytons”—similar pulsed, dispersed sources, but most certainly local. Suggested models of fast radio bursts (FRBs) can originate in Earth's atmosphere, in stellar coronae, in other galaxies, and even at cosmological distances. Using physically motivated assumptions combined with observed properties, we explore these models. In our analysis, we focus on the Lorimer event: a 30 Jy, 5 ms duration burst with DM = 375 cm−3 pc, exhibiting a steep frequency-dependent pulse width (the Sparker). To be complete, we drop the assumption that high DMs are produced by plasma propagation and assume that the source produces pulses with frequency-dependent arrival time (“chirped signals”). Within this framework, we explore a scenario in which Perytons, the Sparker, and the FRBs are all atmospheric phenomena occurring at different heights. This model is ad hoc in that we cannot explain why Perytons at higher altitudes show greater DMs or exhibit narrower pulses. Nonetheless, we argue that the Sparker may be a Peryton. We end with two remarks. First, the detection of a single FRB by an interferometer with a kilometer (or longer) baseline will prove that FRBs are of extraterrestrial origin. Second, we urge astronomers to pursue observations and understanding of Perytons since they form (at least) a formidable foreground for the FRBs.
Utilizing Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals in Different Arrangement to Investigate the Correlation Between the Air Duty Cycle and the Light Extraction Enhancement of InGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

This paper demonstrates that the optimal light extraction enhancement of the 2-D photonic crystals (PhCs) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) among different air duty cycles (ADADCsCs) is independent of the geometry and the shape of the 2-D PhCs. Moreover, it also discusses that the side-directional emission property of the 2-D PhCs LEDs in hexagonal lattice arrangement (HLA) is better than that in square lattice arrangement (SLA). Finally, the light output power of the 2-D PhCs LEDs in SLA and in HLA with the ADC of 51% are significantly improved by 60.4% and 81.9%, respectively, as compared with the reference LED at an injection current of 350 mA.
A clamped-mode, log-periodic loop antenna with an omnidirectional, E-plane pattern

Omni-directional, log-periodic antennas are relatively uncommon, but nevertheless some implementations have previously been described. Also, so-called clamped-mode, log-periodic structures which provide greater bore-sight gain by employing linear elements substantially longer than one-half wavelength have been described in the patent literature. Here we show how an omni-directional, clamped-mode log-periodic antenna can be derived from its conventional (directional) counterpart. We demonstrate that the clamped-mode antenna satisfies the rigorous definition of a log-periodic structure. The operation of the antenna is described in detail using a numerical model. The antenna has two rather diverse applications, the first being as an HF broadcast antenna and the second as an isotropic (in the E-plane) source for over-the-air wireless measurements where it serves as a broadband counterpart to the so-called center-fed, Alford, or cloverleaf loop. Finally, we show that the approach termed clamping is actually the combination of two separate procedures: clamping (discrimination against the fundamental mode) and also elision (removal of part of the structure).
Choosing Goals and Outcomes in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have existed for more than 30 years. The American College of Chest Physicians in 1974 defined pulmonary rehabilitation and described aspects of care for patients with respiratory impairments. The American Thoracic Society incorporated these into an official position statement in 1981. More recently, the 2006 American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society Statement on Pulmonary Rehabilitation stated, “Pulmonary rehabilitation is an evidence-based, multidisciplinary, and comprehensive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory diseases who are symptomatic and often have decreased daily life activities. Integrated into the individualized treatment of the patient, pulmonary rehabilitation is designed to reduce symptoms, optimize functional status, increase participation, and reduce health care costs through stabilizing or reversing systemic manifestations of the disease. ” Most of the research available has addressed the benefits of rehabilitation for patients with COPD while neglecting rehabilitation outcomes for patients with other chronic respiratory diseases such as restrictive lung diseases, spinal and chest deformities, neuromuscular conditions that lead to respiratory failure, pulmonary vascular diseases, and those that affect the very obese. Early research in the area of pulmonary rehabilitation focused on the lack of improvement, as documented by pulmonary function testing, or the failure to reverse the natural progression of the disease process. Today, many successful pulmonary rehabilitation programs exist and the need for early detection and treatment of respiratory dysfunction is widely accepted. Rehabilitation research now emphasizes symptom improvement, functional and exerChoosing Goals and Outcomes in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Structure of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program The Pulmonary Rehabilitation Team Program Components Patient Candidacy Physical Therapy Management Patient Evaluation Procedures Chart Review Patient Interview Patient Examination Treatment Intervention Airway Clearance Functional Training Physical Conditioning Endurance Training Strength Training Flexibility Respiratory Muscle Exercise Exercise Considerations for Different Stages of Lung Diseases Case Study Summary References
A New Map of Glycosaminoglycan and C3b Binding Sites on Factor H1

Human complement factor H, consisting of 20 complement control protein (CCP) modules, is an abundant plasma glycoprotein. It prevents C3b amplification on self surfaces bearing certain polyanionic carbohydrates, while complement activation progresses on most other, mainly foreign, surfaces. Herein, locations of binding sites for polyanions and C3b are reexamined rigorously by overexpressing factor H segments, structural validation, and binding assays. As anticipated, constructs corresponding to CCPs 7–8 and 19–20 bind well in heparin-affinity chromatography. However, CCPs 8–9, previously reported to bind glycosaminoglycans, bind neither to heparin resin nor to heparin fragments in gel-mobility shift assays. Introduction of nonnative residues N-terminal to a construct containing CCPs 8–9, identical to those in proteins used in the previous report, converted this module pair to an artificially heparin-binding one. The module pair CCPs 12–13 does not bind heparin appreciably, notwithstanding previous suggestions to the contrary. We further checked CCPs 10–12, 11–14, 13–15, 10–15, and 8–15 for ability to bind heparin but found very low affinity or none. As expected, constructs corresponding to CCPs 1–4 and 19–20 bind C3b amine coupled to a CM5 chip (Kds of 14 and 3.5 μM, respectively) or a C1 chip (Kds of 10 and 4.5 μM, respectively). Constructs CCPs 7–8 and 6–8 exhibit measurable affinities for C3b according to surface plasmon resonance, although they are weak compared with CCPs 19–20. Contrary to expectations, none of several constructs encompassing modules from CCP 9 to 15 exhibited significant C3b binding in this assay. Thus, we propose a new functional map of factor H.
Impact of prednisone on TGF‐β1 and collagen in diaphragm muscle from mdx mice

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of prednisone treatment for 8 weeks on the level of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1), hydroxyproline (HYP) concentrations, and level of the mature, nonreducible collagen cross‐link hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) in diaphragm muscle from 12‐week‐old mdx mice. Diaphragm muscle from untreated mdx mice had a significantly higher level of TGF‐β1, HYP, and HP cross‐link compared with normal C57BL/10J (control) mice. Prednisone treatment significantly reduced the level of TGF‐β1 and HYP in diaphragm from mdx mice to values similar to control mice, but resulted in a higher level of the HP cross‐link compared with untreated mdx mice. These findings indicate that short‐term treatment of mdx mice with prednisone can attenuate the fibrotic response in diaphragm muscle, possibly by mediating the level of TGF‐β. Although prednisone was beneficial in preventing collagen accumulation, it resulted in a higher level of the HP cross‐link, presumably by decreasing collagen turnover © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscle Nerve 24: 428–432, 2001
Direct mapping of ocular dominance columns in human primary visual cortex

Functional magnetic resonance imaging at 2.0 T was employed to identify columnar structures in human visual cortex. Sagittal sections (4 mm thickness) covering the calcarine cortex were acquired with use of a multiecho low flip angle gradient-echo sequence at 4.0 s temporal resolution and 0.25 × 0.25 mm2 spatial resolution. Extending earlier attempts based on a differential paradigm contrasting left vs right eye stimulation, this work presents the first direct mapping of human ocular dominance columns by measuring separate activation maps with left and right eye stimulation. The resulting individual maps reveal patterns of ocular dominance as spots or bands of altered activity in calcarine cortex. Their superposition shows only little spatial overlap of eye-specific encoding which strongly supports the genuineness of these functional units.