Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A rectangular patch antenna with wideband high order harmonic suppression using compact defected microstrip structure

High order harmonic may affect antenna performance, reduce antenna efficiency and cause electromagnetic interference. So suppression of the harmonic has been a focus issue in the field of antenna design. It is demonstrated that the photonic band gap (PBG) structure and defect ground structure (DGS) provide an effective way for suppressing high order harmonics of antenna. In this paper, a novel antenna with wideband high order harmonic is presented by using the proposed complementary opening defected microstrip structure (CODMS). The proposed structure cell with great advantages in the miniaturization of the antenna contains two fundamental resonant frequencies which can be tuned by adjusting the geometry parameters. First, the influence of CODMS cell parameters on the band-stop is examined in order to obtain design rule for the harmonic suppression. Second, two CODMS cells with different size in a novel configuration is developed in order to control harmonics of the rectangular patch microstrip antenna with the fundamental frequency at 1.5 GHz. By elaborately designing the structure parameters, four band-stops are achieved which match the four high order harmonics of the antenna well. Then, the patch antennas with the proposed CODMS are implemented with the conventional patch antenna without the CODMS as a reference. The simulated results show that the reflection coefficient from the second to the fourth harmonics has been effectively suppressed over 3 dB without affecting the fundamental frequency and the maximum inhibition effect appears at the second harmonic reaching 9.2 dB. The co-polarized and cross-polarized fields at the fundamental frequency of the presented antenna have little discrepancy with the reference antenna while the radiation pattern at the high order harmonics is suppressed about 15 dB in both E-plane and H-plane. Thus, the presented antenna has superiority in suppressing wideband high-order harmonics with compact size, which also maintains the integrity of the ground plane, making it easier to integrate with microwave circuit for wireless applications.
Ecological Cognition and Cognitive Ecology

The Ecological Cognition perspective emphasizes the fact that human cognition is adaptive to the constraints of the context of task performance. People are good at developing strategies for task performance that take advantage of the informational affordances of the task environment. Therefore, if we wish to understand human cognition, we must look beyond the skin and skull of the individual to the material and social structures with which the mind interacts. Of course, material artifacts and social arrangements are elements of adaptive processes as well. Material artifacts are often crystallizations of regularities in the task environment and they develop over time, changing adaptively to fit the constraints of the task, the properties of the task performers, and the other artifacts employed in the task performance. Such changes in the material artifacts change the informational affordances of the task environment, which creates new opportunities for the development of strategies. Thus, human cognition and the material supports of human cognition must be seen as a co-adaptive system. Similarly, in complex work settings where two or more persons jointly perform tasks, social arrangements are enacted anew each time a socially distributed task is performed. Strategies for the social division of cognitive labor are also part of this co-adaptive system, both constraining and being constrained by mental and material artifacts. These interlocked co-adaptive systems suggest a cognitive ecology. It's a compelling way of talking about such systems. Can it be more than a metaphor?
Current update on the diagnosis and management of head and neck soft tissue sarcomas

Head and neck soft tissue sarcomas are a group of rare heterogeneous tumours arising from embryonic mesoderm. They comprise <1% of all head and neck malignancies and 5-15% of all sarcomas with most head and neck sarcomas arising from soft tissues. Although rare, they are associated with both high recurrence and mortality rates. We review the current management of head and neck soft tissue sarcomas.
New Directions in Mental-Imagery Research

Mental imagery typically involves the voluntary retrieval and representation of a sensory memory, but it can also sometimes be involuntary. Despite mental imagery having been a topic of interest for thousands of years, the methodological tools necessary to scientifically probe its underlying mechanisms have only recently been developed. New methods in behavioral psychophysics (the binocular-rivalry technique) and brain imaging (decoding techniques) have been developed and utilized to uncover many new insights into the mechanisms and brain areas involved in mental imagery. These insights are igniting further empirical and theoretical work into imagery itself as well as its role in many high-level cognitive processes and mental disorders.
A time-frequency preprocessing method for blind source separation of speech signal with temporal structure

Determination of the number of sources is a practical issue that has to be addressed in applications of underdetermined blind source separation (UBSS). This paper proposes a noise-robust UBSS algorithm for highly overlapped speech sources in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. The basic principle of the proposed algorithm firstly estimates the unknown number of sources in time-frequency domain. Secondly, the original sources are recovered by a separation method using both sparseness and temporal structure. To mitigate the noise effect on the detection of auto-source TF points, we propose a method to effectively detect the auto-term locations of the sources by using the principal component analysis (PCA) of the STFTs of noisy mixtures.
A universal remote sensing image quality improvement method with deep learning

In this paper, we introduced a deep learning model: Convolutional neural network(CNN) from the field of natural image classification and restoration, to solve general quality improving tasks for remote sensing images, including super-resolution, denoising and haze removal. To take advantage of the content similarity among aerial images and the learning ability of deep learning models, we proposed the idea of training CNN on datasets collected from aerial images with specific degenerating factors, then apply the model to matched tasks. Experiments showed that our network achieved superior performance in quantified results, and visually reconstructed a satisfying majority of missing details from low-quality observations.
African American police executive careers: influences of human capital, social capital, and racial discrimination

The study focused on the relationships between human capital, social capital, and perceptions of racial discrimination on the careers of a representative sample of 224 male African American police executives, the first such statistical study in the literature. In‐depth interviews were conducted with six executives. The vast majority had strong mentors. Nearly all indicated that they had experienced racism and most indicated that racism had influenced their careers. Executives in command positions tended to be more highly educated and trained and had stronger mentors than those not in command positions. Police departments should develop on‐the‐job training (OJT) programs that cultivate minority police executives.
Symptoms of Depression in Parkinson's Disease

20, not yet severely disabled, drug-free patients with Parkinson's disease were investigated with regard to their motor deficit and mood disturbances. Global scores of depression indicated a high depressive morbidity which did not correlate with the severity of parkinsonism and which could not be adequately explained by physical disability. The apathic syndrome had a close relationship to the severity of parkinsonism. In contrast, the somatic-depressive syndrome did not show such a relationship. Patients predominantly affected by tremor felt subjectively better than the others. These facts demonstrate that it is necessary to break down the complex syndromes of parkinsonism and depression into more elementary dysfunctions in order to evaluate their mutual interdependence.
Towards a fair non-convex resource allocation in Wireless Networks

This paper presents a non-convex optimization framework for the Network Utility Maximization problem in Wireless Networks, which incorporates the interference among links and introduces a power penalty term in the objective function to assure both convergence and energy efficiency of the method. Moreover, a distributed gradient based algorithm is proposed that converges to the optimal solution for problems with zero duality gap and a fair-allocation heuristic is presented to resolve user oscillations when they occur. Finally, numerical results regarding the performance of the heuristic and the distributed approach are presented.
Semantic priming and sensitivity in lexical decision

Farah (1989) argued that qualitatively different attentional mechanisms underlie perceptual and semantic priming. The crux of this argument is her claim that semantic priming, unlike perceptual priming, does not alter sensitivity. It is suggested that the evidential base for this claim is weak, and 4 experiments are reported in which semantic priming altered sensitivity. In Experiments 1, 3, and 4, lexical decision was reliably primed by associates, and signal detection analyses indicated that both sensitivity and bias were affected. In Experiment 2, significant semantic priming was also demonstrated with a 2-alternative forced choice paradigm in which performance is independent of criterion bias
Implication of cell kinetic changes during the progression of human prostatic cancer.

The daily percentage of cells proliferating and dying were determined for normal, premalignant, and cancerous prostatic cells within the prostate as well as for prostatic cancer cells in lymph node, soft tissue, and bone metastases from untreated and hormonally failing patients. These data demonstrate that normal prostatic glandular cells have an extremely low but balanced rate of cell proliferation and death (i.e., both <0.20%/day). This results in a steady-state, self-renewing condition in which there is no net growth, although the glandular cells are continuously being replaced (i.e., turnover) every 500 +/- 79 days. Transformation of these cells into high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplastic cells initially involves an unbalanced increase in the daily percentage of cells proliferating versus dying, such that net continuous growth occurs (i.e., mean doubling time, 154 +/- 22 days). As these early proliferation lesions continue to grow into late stage high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplastic cells, the daily percentage of cells dying increases further to a point equaling the daily percentage of proliferation. This results in cessation of net growth while inducing a 6-fold increase in the turnover time of these cells (i.e., 56 +/- 12 days), increasing their risk of further genetic changes. The transition of late stage high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplastic cells into localized prostatic cancer cells involves no further increase in proliferation but a decrease in death resulting in net continuous growth of localized prostatic cancers with a mean doubling time of >/=475 days. As compared to localized prostatic cancer cells, metastatic prostatic cancer cells within lymph nodes or bones of untreated patients have an increase in daily rate of proliferation coupled with a reduction in their daily percentage of cell death, producing net growth rates with a mean doubling time of 33 +/- 4 days and 54 +/- 5 days, respectively. Remarkably, there is no further increase in proliferation in hormonally failing patients, but instead an increase in the daily percentage of androgen-independent prostatic cancer cells dying within soft tissue or bone metastases. These changes result in doubling times which are two to three times longer (i.e., 126 +/- 21 and 94 +/- 15 days) in these lymph node and bone metastatic sites, respectively, compared to similar sites in hormonally untreated patients. These data demonstrate that the daily percentage of proliferation for either androgen-dependent or -independent metastatic prostatic cancer cells is remarkably low (i.e., <3. 0%/day), consistent with why antiproliferative chemotherapy has been of such limited value against such metastatic cells. These results also suggest that prostatic carcinogenesis starts in the second to third decade of life and may require over 50 years for progression to pathologically detectable metastatic disease.
Behavior Change Strategies Underutilized by Alcohol Use Disorder Sufferers

Research suggests emphasizing underutilized behavior change strategies improves therapeutic outcomes in people with alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Using the transtheoretical model as a backdrop this study assessed utilization of experiential and action-based “processes of change” (POCs) by dependent, harmful, hazardous, and low-risk drinkers. Two-hundred university undergraduates completed a questionnaire survey assessing AUDs and POCs in relation to alcohol consumption. Situational control—an effective action-based strategy—did not vary across groups but was the least preferred strategy within each group, except low-risk drinkers. Overall, people with AUDs avoided managing high-risk situations in favor of experiential appraisals.
Adolescent-Parent Interaction in Family Decision Making

This article presents a classification of both adolescent influence strategies and parental response strategies, developed from in-depth interviews with adolescents, mothers, and fathers. In addition, the perceived effectiveness of adolescent influence strategies is examined, revealing that adolescents are most successful in their influence attempts when they emulate adult strategies. Implications of these findings for future research are discussed. Copyright 1997 by the University of Chicago.
ClearBoard: a seamless medium for shared drawing and conversation with eye contact

This paper introduces a novel shared drawing medium called ClearBoard. It realizes (1) a seamless shared drawing space and (2) eye contact to support realtime and remote collaboration by two users. We devised the key metaphor: “talking through and drawing on a transparent glass window” to design ClearBoard. A prototype of ClearBoard is implemented based on the “Drafter-Mirror” architecture. This paper first reviews previous work on shared drawing support to clarify the design goals. We then examine three methaphors that fulfill these goals. The design requirements and the two possible system architectures of ClearBoard are described. Finally, some findings gained through the experimental use of the prototype, including the feature of “gaze awareness”, are discussed.
Transluminal Gene Transfer into Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells In Vivo with HVJ-liposomes

Bioactive proteins or peptides cannot be effectively delivered into brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) or brain parenchyma. In this study, we selectively transferred Escherichia coli β -galactosidase gene (β -gal) as a model gene into BCECs by using the hemagglutination virus of Japan (HVJ)-liposomes. HVJ-liposomes encapsulating a β -gal plasmid were used to transfect MBEC4 cells in vitro, and were administrated via the internal carotid artery to rat in vivo. Success of the procedure was confirmed by the detection of 116 kDa β -gal protein in transfected MBEC4 cells and in brain capillaries isolated from transfected rats, by Western blot analysis and histological staining. The enzymatic activities of β -galactosidase were 5- to 10-fold and 20-fold higher than when β -gal-containing liposomes without fusogenic activity (uncoated liposomes) or plasmid alone were employed in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Thus, HVJ-liposomes were demonstrated to be a useful vector to transfer a foreign gene into the brain capillary endothelium in vivo via the transluminal route.
An Invasive Species Reduces Aquatic Insect Flux to Terrestrial Food Webs

An Invasive Species Reduces Aquatic Insect Flux to Terrestrial Food Webs Steven Merkley Department of Biology, BYU Master of Science Although it is well documented how introduced species can negatively affect native species, we only poorly understand how they may alter ecosystem functions. We investigated how an invasive fish affected the flux of aquatic insects to terrestrial food webs using mesocosms in a desert spring ecosystem. We compared aquatic insect emergence between alternative community states with monocultures and polycultures of two native species of fish, least chub (Iotichthys phlegethontis) and Utah chub (Gila atraria) plus, introduced western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). We tested three hypotheses: (1) aquatic insect biomass will be greater than terrestrial insect biomass and thus, constitute a vital source of energy for terrestrial consumers (2) invasive mosquitofish will negatively impact the biomass of emerging aquatic insects, and (3) terrestrial consumers will negatively respond to decreased emerging aquatic insect biomass. Aquatic insects represented 79% of the flying insect community, and treatments with mosquitofish significantly reduced emergent aquatic insect biomass by 60% relative to the control without mosquitofish. Behavioral traits of invasive species are important, because mosquitofish most heavily affected insects that emerged during the day. Also, spiders that build horizontal webs were negatively correlated with decreasing aquatic insect biomass. Invasive mosquitofish can achieve very dense populations because of their high intrinsic rate of population increase, which can significantly disrupt the flow of energy between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, thereby reducing the energy available for terrestrial consumers.
Radio base stations in the cloud

During the past few years, architectures for cellular radio networks like 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) have evolved towards flatter topologies with fewer centralized nodes, shifting more and more radio-related processing towards the base station or even further into so-called remote radio heads near the antennas. With Internet Protocol (IP) traffic growth, user traffic lost its predictability, which resulted in the need for the over-dimensioning of processing and forwarding resources in the radio path. This is especially true in upcoming picocell and femtocell configurations in heterogeneous cellular architectures. To hold down costs resulting from these emerging architectures and deployments, we developed a concept of a cloud base station. Developed as a candidate for a lightRadio™ evolution, this cloud base station leverages virtualization techniques such as dynamic and elastic allocation of baseband processing resources between small and large cell sites, as well as load balancing between temporarily overloaded sites and their less utilized neighbors. A cloud base station in a virtualized radio access network (RAN) can serve to ease a smooth standards migration towards LTE-Advanced with the same deployed equipment, and in the future, support the transformation of dedicated baseband hardware into general purpose processing platforms. In this paper, we discuss the tight networking requirements of a cloud base station in a virtual radio access network, architecture challenges, and our cloud management solutions. We also demonstrate research results on the concept, provide validation based on simulations, and discuss business case related implications.
How Robust Are the Findings of Academically Adrift?

Ernest T. Pascarella (ernest-pascarella@uiowa.edu) is professor and the Mary Louise Petersen Chair in Higher Education at the University of Iowa, where he also co-directs the Center for Research on Undergraduate Education (CRUE). Charles Blaich (charles.blaich@gmail.com) has been at Wabash College since 1991, where he is the director of the Center of Inquiry in the Liberal Arts; he also directs the Higher Education Data Sharing Consortium. Georgianna L. Martin is a PhD candidate in the Student Affairs Administration and Research program, and Jana Hanson is a PhD student in the Higher Education and Student Affairs program at the University of Iowa; both are research assistants in CRUE. The research on which this study was based was supported by a generous grant from the Center of Inquiry at Wabash College to the Center for Research on Undergraduate Education at the University of Iowa.
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern and risk of elevated blood pressure in adolescent girls

Dietary determinants of adolescent blood pressure (BP) are poorly understood. The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of an eating pattern similar to that from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study on adolescent BP. Data from 2185 girls followed-up over 10 years (until the girls were 18–20 years of age) in the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Growth and Health Study were used in this analysis. Diet was assessed during eight examination cycles using 3 d dietary records; girls were classified according to their consumption of foods associated with a DASH-style eating pattern. Analysis of covariance modelling, multiple logistic regression and longitudinal mixed models were used to control for potential confounding by age, race, socio-economic status, height, physical activity, television viewing time and other dietary factors. Girls who consumed ≥ 2 daily servings of dairy and ≥ 3 servings of fruits and vegetables (FV) had a 36 % lower risk (95 % CI: 0·43, 0·97) of elevated BP (EBP) in late adolescence. In longitudinal modelling, two dietary factors were associated with a lower systolic BP throughout adolescence: higher ( ≥ 2 daily servings) dairy intakes (P < 0·0001) and a DASH-style pattern (P = 0·0002). Only the DASH-style pattern led to consistently lower diastolic BP levels (P = 0·0484). Adjustment for BMI did not appreciably modify the results. In this study, adolescent girls whose diets were rich in dairy products and FV during the early- and mid-adolescent years were less likely to have EBP levels in later adolescence.
The PARSEC benchmark suite: Characterization and architectural implications

This paper presents and characterizes the Princeton Application Repository for Shared-Memory Computers (PARSEC), a benchmark suite for studies of Chip-Multiprocessors (CMPs). Previous available benchmarks for multiprocessors have focused on high-performance computing applications and used a limited number of synchronization methods. PARSEC includes emerging applications in recognition, mining and synthesis (RMS) as well as systems applications which mimic large-scale multithreaded commercial programs. Our characterization shows that the benchmark suite covers a wide spectrum of working sets, locality, data sharing, synchronization and off-chip traffic. The benchmark suite has been made available to the public.
Test Generation Based on Notated Net

This paper presents a new method to generate test cased based on the Object Oriented Net(OON) model, notated with Z schemas. We can be benefited from this method in that (1) Picturing the whole system while generating the test by the algorithm at the same time. (2) Instructing coding by the extended model.