Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the cytology outcome of Pap smears – a brief approach to internal quality control in private cytopathology laboratory practice Note

We evaluated the effect of intrauterine device (IUD), patient age and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cytology outcome in Pap smears together with the important IQC procedures: 1) manual double‐screening by cytotechologists, and 2) retrospective senior pathologist review during 1996–1999. The results from primary double‐screening (119 of 87,409 Pap smears) showed an excellent interobserver correlation. The estimation of hormonal effects showed higher incidence of disagreements (p=0.013) in patients <47 yr. Some individual trends were found in the assessments of both cellular atypia (p=0.012) and Papanicolaou classification (p=0.018). The IUD had no influence on the accuracy when the degree of inflammatory reaction was evaluated (p>0.050), but showed an adverse effect on the estimation of cellular atypia (p=0.001). HRT distinctly equalized the entire sample material, since fewer disagreements were found in the age groups <47 yr and >47 yr when estimating the hormonal effects (p=0.013), inflammatory reaction (p=0.044) or cellular atypia (p=0.006) compared to those without HRT. The continuous cytopathologist supervision had a positive impact on the accuracy of hormonal effect estimation during the 4 years. The senior cytopathologists' reviews (354 of 87,409 Pap smears) showed mutually good interobserver correlation, and diagnostic conclusions of the same specimens differed only slightly between the cytopathologists. We found these state‐of‐the‐art cytopathological IQC procedures to be effective and fit‐for‐purpose when evaluating hormonal effects, inflammatory reaction and cellular atypia.
Security and Privacy in Device-to-Device ( D 2 D ) Communication : A Review

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication presents a new paradigm in mobile networking to facilitate data exchange between physically proximate devices. The development of D2D is driven by mobile operators to harvest short range communications for improving network performance and supporting proximity-based services. In this article, we investigate two fundamental and interrelated aspects of D2D communication, security and privacy, which are essential for the adoption and deployment of D2D. We present an extensive review of the stateof-the-art solutions for enhancing security and privacy in D2D communication. By summarizing the challenges, requirements, and features of different proposals, we identify lessons to be learned from existing studies and derive a set of “best practices”. The primary goal of our work is to equip researchers and developers with a better understanding of the underlying problems and the potential solutions for D2D security and privacy. To inspire follow-up research, we identify open problems and highlight future directions with regard to system and communication design. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review to address the fundamental security and privacy issues in D2D communication.
Metacognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia: Presence and Associations With Psychosocial Outcomes

Abstract Early formulations of schizophrenia suggested that the disorder involves a loss of ability to form integrated ideas about oneself, others, and the world, resulting in reductions in complex goal-directed behaviors. Exploring this position, the current review describes evidence that persons with schizophrenia experience decrements in their ability to form complex ideas about themselves and to ultimately use that knowledge to respond to psychological and social challenges. Studies are detailed that find greater levels of these impairments, defined as metacognitive deficits, in persons with schizophrenia in both early and later phases of illness as compared with other clinical and community groups. Furthermore, studies linking metacognitive deficits with poorer psychosocial functioning and other variables closely linked to outcomes are summarized. Clinical implications are also discussed.
Process Knowledge Extraction

This project presents two novel techniques to improve existing semantic role representations to enable better understanding of the language. Firstly, We have tried to retrofit word vectors generated from LSTM model with scientific processes corpus to generate better word embeddings. Second technique uses a semi-supervised model which learns word embeddings using role as context. On testing, We found that first model outperforms existing role labeling models for scientific processes. The second model also performs well even for small annotated datasets. We have concluded by suggesting few ideas for further optimizing this model.
Avaliação de descritores de textura para segmentação não-supervisionada de imagens

Este trabalho consiste em uma avaliacao de descritores de atributos de textura para o caso totalmente nao-supervisionado, na qual nada se conhece anteriormente sobre a natureza das texturas ou o numero de regioes presentes na imagem. Escolheram-se para descrever as texturas decomposicao por filtros de Gabor, descritores escalares baseados em matrizes de co-ocorrencia de niveis de cinza e campos aleatorios de Gauss-Markov; e aplicou-se um procedimento baseado no algoritmo k-means, onde o valor otimo do parâmetro k foi estimado a partir de uma metrica de qualidade calculada nos resultados da execucao do algoritmo k-means para varios valores de k. O k otimo foi obtido pelo "metodo do cotovelo". Aplicou-se o procedimento em imagens sinteticas e naturais e confrontou-se com uma segmentacao manual. Obtiveram-se melhores resultados para imagens agricolas de baixa altitude e tipo frente-fundo quando usados descritores baseados em matrizes de co-ocorrencia; nas imagens de satelite, o metodo que emprega campos aleatorios foi melhor sucedido Abstract
Power and Interdependence in the Information Age

THROUGHOUT T H E twentieth century, modernists have been proclaiming that technology would transform world politics. In 1910 Norman Angell declared that economic interdependence rendered wars irrational and looked forward to the day when they would become obsolete. Modernists in the 1970s saw telecommunications and jet travel as creating a global village, and believed that the territorial state, which has dominated world politics since the feudal age, was being eclipsed by nonterritorial actors such as multinational corporations, transnational social movements, and international organizations. Likewise, prophets such as Peter Drucker, Alvin and Heidi TofHer, and Esther Dyson argue that today s information revolution is ending hierarchical bureaucracies and leading to a new electronic feudalism with overlapping communities and jurisdictions laying claim to multiple layers of citizens' identities and loyalties. The modernists of past generations were partly right. Angell's understanding of the impact of war on interdependence was insightful: World War I wrought unprecedented destruction, not only on the battlefield but also on the social and political systems that had thrived during the relatively peaceful years since 1815. As the modernists of the 1970s predicted, multinational corporations, nongovernmental
The American Statistical Association (ASA) Statement of 2016 on Statistical Significance and P-value: A Critical Thought

A study on American Statistical Association (ASA) policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016 was carried out in Tanzania. The purpose of the study was to explore the feelings and reactions of university statistics tutors towards the American Statistical Association policy statement on statistical significance testing and p-value of 2016. A sample of 9 statistics tutors from different disciplines were selected from public and private universities via heterogeneous purposive sampling to participate in the study. Respondents had mixed feelings towards ASA policy statement of 2016. The ASA policy statement was criticized for being shallow in depth, subjective and failing to answer the core problems raised against the use of Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST) and p-value. The ASA policy statement was dismissed as a non event with nothing new to offer. However, despite being shallow, the ASA policy on NHST and p-value is likely to trigger a health debate on the shortfalls of NHST and p-value and the debate will eventually lead to a breakthrough.
Linking spatial pattern of bottom fish assemblages with water masses in the North Sea

Understanding the links between large scale spatial structuring of fish assemblages and shaping factors is essential to develop comprehensive ecosystem-based fisheries management. In this study, we investigated spatial patterns of bottom fish assemblages in the North Sea in relation to prevailing water masses in the region. We based our analysis on catch data from the German Small-Scale Bottom Trawl Survey conducted between 1987 and 2005 and used both ordination techniques and Mantel tests. Spatial variability of bottom fish assemblages was larger than inter-annual variability. Five significantly different bottom fish assemblages were associated with the following prevailing hydrographical regimes: i) the English Channel, ii) Continental Coastal, iii) central North Sea, iv) northern North Sea, and v) northern Atlantic water masses. Associations were generated by gradients in relative proportions of abundant species such as grey gurnard (Eutrigla gurnardus), dab (Limanda limanda), whiting (Merlangius merlangus), haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) and Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarki). Taking into account large scale spatial structuring of catch data Mantel tests confirmed significant correlation between the fish assemblages and hydrographical variables. In summary, our results strongly support the hypotheses that hydrographical features such as water masses, fronts, and residual currents could shape bottom fish associations in the North Sea. Spatial demarcations of bottom fish assemblages indicated by this study can be used to support ecosystem-based fisheries management strategies.
Squeezed atomic states and projection noise in spectroscopy.

We investigate the properties of angular-momentum states which yield high sensitivity to rotation. We discuss the application of these ``squeezed-spin'' or correlated-particle states to spectroscopy. Transitions in an ensemble of N two-level (or, equivalently, spin-1/2) particles are assumed to be detected by observing changes in the state populations of the particles (population spectroscopy). When the particles' states are detected with 100% efficiency, the fundamental limiting noise is projection noise, the noise associated with the quantum fluctuations in the measured populations. If the particles are first prepared in particular quantum-mechanically correlated states, we find that the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved over the case of initially uncorrelated particles. We have investigated spectroscopy for a particular case of Ramsey's separated oscillatory method where the radiation pulse lengths are short compared to the time between pulses. We introduce a squeezing parameter ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathit{R}}$ which is the ratio of the statistical uncertainty in the determination of the resonance frequency when using correlated states vs that when using uncorrelated states. More generally, this squeezing parameter quantifies the sensitivity of an angular-momentum state to rotation. Other squeezing parameters which are relevant for use in other contexts can be defined. We discuss certain states which exhibit squeezing parameters ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathit{R}}$\ensuremath{\simeq}${\mathit{N}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1/2}$. We investigate possible experimental schemes for generation of squeezed-spin states which might be applied to the spectroscopy of trapped atomic ions. We find that applying a Jaynes-Cummings--type coupling between the ensemble of two-level systems and a suitably prepared harmonic oscillator results in correlated states with ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{\mathit{R}}$1.
Somatic cell hybrids between human lymphoma lines. III. Surface markers

Hybrids between two human lymphoma lines, Raji and Daudi (8A) and Raji and BJAB (83) were examined for genetically determined and/or differentiation‐related surface markers. HL‐A, B cell alloantigens, Fc and complement receptors, EBV receptors and β2 microglobulin showed an autonomous (“codominant”) expression in the hybrid. This is in contrast to most previous studies on other differentiation markers, involving as a rule crosses between cells of different lineages, where the differentiated pattern usually became “eclipsed” in the hybrid. Staining of activated complement and complement consumption tests showed intermediate or partially suppressed expression in the hybrids. This may be viewed in relation to the fact that these reactions do not merely depend on complement binding to the receptor, but also on subsequent activation and binding of the activated complement. A more complex interaction is also suggested for immunoglobulin production. Surface immunoglobulin showed a suppressive or intermediate pattern in both hybrids, whereas intracellular kappa chain production showed an amplification in the 83 hybrid. The β2 microglobulin deficiency of the Daudi parent was corrected in the Raji/Daudi hybrid. Two new HL‐A specificities, A10 and BW17, appeared on this hybrid which were not present on the parental lines. This suggests that the HL‐A deficiency of the Daudi cell is due to its lack of β2 microglobulin.
Flavobacterium meningosepticum Infections in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

ABSTRACT. An outbreak of nosocomial infections by Flavobacterium meningosepticum in a neonatal intensive care unit is described. During a period of eleven weeks two patients presented with septicaemia and meningitis. In addition, nine patients were found to be colonized and three of these neonates developed septicaemia. The infected patients were treated with clindamycin and piperacillin. All the patients survived, but the neonates with meningitis developed hydrocephalus. An extensive bacteriological screening of the staff was negative, but in the ward environment, F. meningosepticum was found around sinks, on rubber stoppers for milk bottles and on “cleaned” teats. Several infection control measures were instituted. Established routines were revised, with particular emphasis on the handling of objects containing or in regular contact with water.
Distinct p53 genomic binding patterns in normal and cancer-derived human cells

We report here genome-wide analysis of the tumor suppressor p53 binding sites in normal human cells. 743 high-confidence ChIP-seq peaks representing putative genomic binding sites were identified in normal IMR90 fibroblasts using a reference chromatin sample. More than 40% were located within 2 kb of a transcription start site (TSS), a distribution similar to that documented for individually studied, functional p53 binding sites and, to date, not observed by previous p53 genome-wide studies. Nearly half of the high-confidence binding sites in the IMR90 cells reside in CpG islands, in marked contrast to sites reported in cancer-derived cells. The distinct genomic features of the IMR90 binding sites do not reflect a distinct preference for specific sequences, since the de novo developed p53 motif based on our study is similar to those reported by genome-wide studies of cancer cells. More likely, the different chromatin landscape in normal, compared with cancer-derived cells, influences p53 binding via modulating availability of the sites. We compared the IMR90 ChIPseq peaks to the recently published IMR90 methylome1 and demonstrated that they are enriched at hypomethylated DNA. Our study represents the first genome-wide, de novo mapping of p53 binding sites in normal human cells and reveals that p53 binding sites reside in distinct genomic landscapes in normal and cancer-derived human cells.
A Comparison of DNA Copy Number Changes Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization in Malignancies of the Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreas

Tumors arising from the liver, biliary tract and pancreas, which originate in the foregut and are in close anatomical proximity to each other, sometimes show similar histological features. No studies have focused on genetic similarities and differences between tumors of these organs. To elucidate the similarities and differences in DNA copy number alterations between tumors of these organs, we applied comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to cancers of the liver (31 cases), biliary tract (42 cases) and pancreas (27 cases). Some alterations were common to tumors of all three organs, and some were preferential in certain types of tumor. Gains of 1q and 8q and losses of 8p and 17p were common to all tumors. In contrast, 13q14 and 16q losses were detected exclusively in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs; p < 0.01). The incidence of 17q21 gain and 5q loss was higher in biliary tract cancers than in the other two types (p < 0.05). Pancreatic cancers exhibited higher incidence of 5q14-q23 gain and 19p loss than tumors of other organs (p < 0.01). Gains of 7p, 7q, 12p and 20q and losses of 3p, 6q, 9p and 18q were frequent in both biliary tract and pancreatic cancers but rare in HCCs (p < 0.05). The present results suggest that although genes located at 1q, 8p, 8q and 17p are frequently involved in HCC, biliary tract and pancreatic cancer, at least some of the genes implicated in carcinogenesis are different between these three types. It is also suggested that CGH analysis is useful as a potential adjunct for the diagnosis and management of these tumors of organs that are anatomically close to one another.
Salient object detection in tracking shots

Tracking shots have posed a significant challenge for salient region detection due to the presence of highly competing background motion. In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient technique to detect salient objects in a tracking shot. We first separate the tracked foreground pixels from the background by accounting for the variability of the pixels in a set of frames. The focus of the tracked foreground pixels is utilized as a measure of saliency of objects in the scene. We evaluate the performance of this method by comparing the salient region detection with ground truth data of the location of the salient object that are manually generated. The results of the evaluation show that the proposed method is able to achieve superior salient object detection performance with very low computational load.
Comparative genomic hybridization reveals previously undescribed amplifications and deletions in the chronic myeloid leukemia‐derived K‐562 cell line

We used comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) to identify a number of previously undescribed chromosomal imbalances in K‐562, a spontaneously transformed cell line originally derived from leukemic cells of a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patient in blast crisis. Noteworthy were a discrete amplification in band 13q31, increased copy number of chromosome arms 1q, 5p, 6p, and 16q, and loss of material from 8p, 9p, 10q, and 17p. Amplification within bands 9q34 and 22q11.2 was consistent with previous descriptions of increased copy number of the CML‐specific 5′BCR‐3′ABL fusion gene in K‐562. However, amplification of a large distal segment, 9q31→9q34, mostly proximal to the ABL locus, was unexpected and is unlikely to be related to BCR‐ABL recombination. Previous karyotype studies are reviewed in detail and compared with the CGH findings. Genes Chromosom. Cancer 19:36–42, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling Radar Attenuation by a Low Melting Layer With Optimized Model Parameters at C-Band

At northern latitudes, it is not uncommon for a melting layer of precipitation to touch or be close to the ground. For a low elevation angle, radio waves from a surveillance weather radar scan can travel a long distance through a melting layer. The resulting attenuation can be significant and must be taken into account when radar observations are interpreted. In this paper, we use a melting layer model to derive the relations between the specific attenuation caused by propagation through a melting layer and the reflectivity factor associated with this layer. The relations derived in this paper are based on modeled attenuation values for a variety of conditions and input parameters, i.e., rain rate, snow density, and rain drop size distribution parameters. The model parameters were constrained by vertically pointing Doppler C-band radar measurements of two events. The fitting procedure is presented for two different cases, of unrimed and rimed snow, and case-specific estimates of the expected attenuation of the horizontal scanning are suggested. Based on measurements of precipitation collected on December 10, 2011, by the University of Helsinki Kumpula radar, we also demonstrate that radar signal attenuation due to propagation through a low melting layer can be on the order of 7 dB or higher over a distance of 40 km.
Breeding strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch) to increase fruit nutritional quality

In the last few years the nutritional value of fruit has been widely studied and requested by the consumers, especially for protection against cardiovascular events, cancer and others as well as for the general health benefits it can provide. These benefits can be ascribed mainly to the Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of fruit which is determined by a complex combination of bioactive compounds, generally related to specific characteristics of the genotype and of its interaction with the environment.
Letter: psychological remission – a future endpoint in inflammatory bowel disease?

This is a very interesting well-designed study. The results confirm that the number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who develop depression is higher than the average in the general population. In this study, the authors report, as expected, higher depression rates in patients with a more aggressive disease phenotype. Some studies previously showed a clear association between depression and disease relapse, 2 but in a study performed in patients with Crohn 0 s disease (CD), 24% maintained depressive symptoms in spite of having been in remission for more than 6 months. 3 This means that while physicians think that clinical remission is enough, in fact some patients may need more help in order to make a full recovery. With that in mind, perhaps we should try to include psychological stabilization among the treatment objectives? Some years ago, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was barely evaluated in clinical trials and studies, but recently, restoring HRQOL in IBD patients
Robust controller design for three-phase medium frequency power supply

According to uncertainties of the load and leakage inductance in the output transformer, this paper uses the μ analysis and synthesis method to design a robust controller for the three-phase medium frequency power supply. The controller not only enables the closed-loop system to do the non-static error tracking and to be asymptotic stability, but also is good in robustness and able to suppress the load disturbance. Through the comparison of the designed robust controller with the presently-used double loop PR, simulation results and 60kVA prototype experiment results show that the designed robust controller has advantages of simpler control structure, stronger anti-disturbance ability, faster dynamic performance, and that the whole closed-loop system is better in robust performance.