Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compartments and the control of growth in the Drosophila wing imaginal disc

The mechanisms that control organ growth are among the least known in development. This is particularly the case for the process in which growth is arrested once final size is reached. We have studied this problem in the wing disc of Drosophila, the developmental and growth parameters of which are well known. We have devised a method to generate entire fast-growing Minute+ (M+) discs or compartments in slow developing Minute/+ (M/+) larvae. Under these conditions, a M+ wing disc gains at least 20 hours of additional development time. Yet it grows to the same size of Minute/+ discs developing in M/+ larvae. We have also generated wing discs in which all the cells in either the anterior (A) or the posterior (P) compartment are transformed from M/+ to M+. We find that the difference in the cell division rate of their cells is reflected in autonomous differences in the developmental progression of these compartments: each grows at its own rate and manifests autonomous regulation in the expression of the developmental genes wingless and vestigial. In spite of these differences, `mosaic' discs comprising fast and slow compartments differentiate into adult wings of the correct size and shape. Our results demonstrate that imaginal discs possess an autonomous mechanism with which to arrest growth in anterior and posterior compartments, which behave as independent developmental units. We propose that this mechanism does not act by preventing cell divisions, but by lengthening the division cycle.
GREENHOUSES DETECTION USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK WITH A VERY HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGE

Detecting and locating greenhouses in south-east of Spain is very important for politicians and other persons who may take decisions about management of natural resources and who must design agricultural development plans. Agriculture is one of more important economic activities in this zone, and till now, development and disposition of new greenhouses was uncontrolled. In this paper, we present a methodology to detect greenhouses from 1.5 m pixel size QuickBird image, based in Artificial Neural Network algorithm. Thanks to the information introduced as training sites, we “teach” to the mathematical model to classify the image considering its radiometric and wavelet texture properties. This assessment is known as training, and the algorithm to obtain it, back-propagation. Classification accuracy was evaluated using multi-source data, comparing results including and no-including wavelet texture analysis. We conclude that some texture analysis can not improve classification accuracy but if one choose correctly parameters and texture model, it can become better. Actually we are working on automatic detection and actualization of greenhouses distributions.
Wavelet Transforms in Dynamic Atomic Force Spectroscopy

Since their invention scanning tunneling microscopy (STM, (Binnig et al., 1982)) and atomic force microscopy (AFM, (Binnig et al., 1986)) have emerged as powerful and versatile techniques for atomic and nanometer-scale imaging. In this review we will focus on AFM, whose methods have found applications for imaging, metrology and manipulation at the nanometer level of a wide variety of surfaces, including biological ones (Braga & Ricci, 2004; Garcia, 2010; Jandt, 2001; Jena & Horber, 2002; Kopniczky, 2003; Morita et al., 2009; 2002; Yacoot & Koenders, 2008). Today AFM is regarded as an essential tool for nanotechnology and a basic tool for material science in general.
Decomposition of Morphologically Complex Words in L1 and L2: Evidence from Masked and Cross-Modal Priming Experiments of a Korean Verbal Suffix

This paper reports results from two types of priming experiments (i.e., masked and cross-modal priming experiments) which compare Chinese L2 learners’ morphological processing of a Korean verbal suffix -ko with adult native speakers of Korean. L1/L2 differences were found in both the masked and cross-modal priming experiments: Full priming effects were found in the masked priming experiment and partial priming effects in the cross-modal priming experiment in L1, while weak or no priming effects were found in both types of priming experiments of L2. These findings indicate that L2 learners of Korean are less sensitive to morphological structure than native speakers and dependent on the lexical storage of the full form. This study also provided evidence for the non-difference between the masked priming and the cross-modal priming experiments both in L1 and L2.
Speeding up search in peer-to-peer networks with a multi-way tree structure

Peer-to-Peer systems have recently become a popular means to share resources. Effective search is a critical requirement in such systems, and a number of distributed search structures have been proposed in the literature. Most of these structures provide "log time search" capability, where the logarithm is taken base 2. That is, in a system with N nodes, the cost of the search is O(log2N). In database systems, the importance of large fanout index structures has been well recognized. In P2P search too, the cost could be reduced considerably if this logarithm were taken to a larger base. In this paper, we propose a multi-way tree search structure, which reduces the cost of search to O(logmN), where m is the fanout. The penalty paid is a larger update cost, but we show how to keep this penalty to be no worse than linear in m. We experimentally explore this tradeoff between search and update cost as a function of m, and suggest how to find a good trade-off point.The multi-way tree structure we propose, BATON*, is derived from the BATON structure that has recently been suggested. In addition to multi-way fanout, BATON* also adds support for multi-attribute queries to BATON.
Adaptive networked distributed model reference control systems with strong interconnections and delays

The distributed control of a network of interconnected systems or agents based on a communication network for exchange of information has attracted considerable interest in research. Delays in the communicated information and the effect of strong interconnections between agents are two of the main challenges a distributed control system has to meet. In this paper we consider a linear Networked Distributed Control System (NDCS) that has strong interactions between its agents, as well as delays in the communication network. We assume that each agent knowns its own state, but receives information about its neighbors' states with some communication delay Tij. The control objective is to make each agent track efficiently a reference model by attenuating the effect of the strong interconnections via feedback based on the delayed state information. We prove that if the interconnections can be weakened enough and if the delays are smaller than some bounds which we present, then in the case of known interconnctions the proposed distributed control scheme can guarantee that the tracking error of each agent is bounded in respect to the delays and weakened interconnections, while in the case of unknown interconnections the proposed adaptive distributed control scheme can guarantee that the tracking error of each agent is bounded and small in the mean square sense in respect to the delays and weakened interconnections. Finally, we present an example to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of our scheme.
Redo sternotomy for cardiac reoperations using peripheral heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuits without systemic heparinization: technique and results.

OBJECTIVE Cardiac reoperations are challenging and time-consuming and incur a high incidence of perioperative complications because of injuries to cardiac structures, bleeding, and hemodynamic instability. Some centers are using extracorporeal circulation with heparinization at the time of resternotomy, but it leads to prolonged anticoagulation, platelet dysfunction, fibrinolysis, coagulopathy, and morbidity. The authors routinely perform resternotomy in complex surgery with the support of heparinless cardiopulmonary bypass with heparin-bonded circuits (HBCs). The authors describe their technique, indication, and results. METHODS The femoral artery or axillary artery and femoral veins are cannulated before sternotomy, and cardiopulmonary bypass is instituted using an HBC without systemic heparinization. Systemic heparin (200-300 U/kg) is administered when all structures are isolated before aortic cross-clamping (activated coagulation time >400 seconds). RESULTS Between 1996 and 2008, 336 patients underwent redo sternotomy using the HBC for complex cardiac procedures, with 29 deaths (8.6% deaths within 30 days). Only 5 (1.5%) of 336 patients sustained injury to the right ventricle, aorta, bypass grafts, or ventricular fibrillation during re-entry without hemodynamic deterioration; and underwent uneventful repair and outcomes. There was no online HBC thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that HBC without systemic heparinization during resternotomy can be used safely in complex redo cardiac surgery. The heart is completely decompressed during the resternotomy, allowing easy dissection, less likely injury to vital structures, and less bleeding without compromising the hemodynamics.
Isokinetic Strength and Performance in Collegiate Women’s Soccer

Soccer research in exercise science has focused on men's soccer, while women's soccer has been underrepresented in training studies, as well as in studies focusing on physiological variables. The purpose of this study was to examine anthropometric data and selected physiological and biomechanical variables of importance as they correlates to performance variables such as ball velocity and distance, specifically in female collegiate soccer players. Twenty-two NCAA Division I female soccer athletes participated in the study. Body composition, muscular strength, explosive power, aerobic power, acceleration, speed, and agility were tested in each athlete. Knee torque (KT) and hip torque (HT) were also measured on both legs. Kicking accuracy and velocity were examined. A correlation was found between KT and KV (r=0.93), as well as vertical jump and KV (r=0.91). Aerobic power (r=0.93), agility (r=0.88), and vertical jump (r=0.84) were highly correlated to BF%. These data suggest that significant relationships do exist between peak knee and hip torque, agility, lean body mass, strength, and explosive power with soccer-specific variables such as kick velocity (KV). Contributing to the body of data on female soccer athletes and variables important in performance is essential as the population engaged in the sport continues to increase.
A New Model to Compute the Information Content of Concepts from Taxonomic Knowledge

The Information Content IC of a concept quantifies the amount of information it provides when appearing in a context. In the past, IC used to be computed as a function of concept appearance probabilities in corpora, but corpora-dependency and data sparseness hampered results. Recently, some other authors tried to overcome previous approaches, estimating IC from the knowledge modeled in an ontology. In this paper, the authors develop this idea, by proposing a new model to compute the IC of a concept exploiting the taxonomic knowledge modeled in an ontology. In comparison with related works, their proposal aims to better capture semantic evidences found in the ontology. To test the authors' approach, they have applied it to well-known semantic similarity measures, which were evaluated using standard benchmarks. Results show that the use of the authors' model produces, in most cases, more accurate similarity estimations than related works.
Passing Propinquities in the Multicultural City: The Everyday Encounters of Bus Passengering

This paper examines how intercultural relations are continuously developed, destroyed, and remade in the practice of everyday bus travel. Through an ethnographic study of one bus route across Birmingham, UK, the paper explores the formation of relational practices on the move and the bodily orientations, public codes of conduct, material cultures, habits and affects through which they are formed. In particular, this paper gives specific attention to the tacit obligations of public travel and how such obligations both produce and sustain tolerance of others across a journey, to further reveal the multifaceted nature and workings of multicultural intimacies on the ground. In so doing, the paper responds to recent calls to politically revalorise public mobility spaces as key sites of encounter and identity formation, to position the bus as a crucial site of everyday multiculture through which wider processes of differentiation and exclusion are experienced and further understood.
Epstein-Barr virus infection

Evidence of past infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and smoking are well-known risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). These 2 exposures together also are risk factors for several cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)[1][1],[2][2] and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). [3][3],[4][4] For these
Exploiting content-based networking for video streaming

This technical demonstration shows that content-based networking is a promising technology for multireceiver video streaming. Each video receiver is provided with fine grained selectivity along different video dimensions, such as region of interest, quality, colors, and temporal resolution. Efficient delivery is maintained, in terms of network utilization and processing requirements. A prototype demonstrates the feasibility of this approach and is available as open source.
The Development of a “Neighborhood in Solidarity” in Switzerland

ABSTRACT This article presents a case study based on the “Neighborhood in Solidarity” (NS) methodology to illustrate its application in a locality of 8,000 inhabitants in Switzerland. This specific project is proposed to exemplify the global aim of the NS methodology. That aim is to increase the integration of elderly persons in societies in order to improve their quality of life. The case study demonstrates the enhancement of the capacity of the older people to remain actively engaged in their neighborhood. The article focuses on the creation of an autonomous community of empowered older people who can resolve their own problems after a 5-year project. The construction of the local community is presented throughout the six steps of the methodology: (1) preliminary analysis, (2) diagnostic, (3) construction, (4) project design, (5) project implementation, and (6) empowerment and with three degrees of involvement (community, participative, and integrative involvement). Performance and output indicators, quality indicators, and social determinants of health assess the development of the local project. The impacts of the projects which are illustrated in this specific example motivated this publication to inspire practitioners from other countries.
Characterization of a Vibrio fischeri Aminopeptidase and Evidence for Its Influence on an Early Stage of Squid Colonization

ABSTRACT Vibrio fischeri cells are the sole colonists of a specialized light organ in the mantle cavity of the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes. The process begins when the bacteria aggregate in mucus secretions outside the light organ. The cells eventually leave the aggregate, enter the light organ, and encounter a rich supply of peptides. The need to dissociate from mucus and presumably utilize peptides led us to hypothesize that protease activity is integral to the colonization process. Protease activity associated with whole cells of Vibrio fischeri strain ES114 was identified as the product of a putative cell membrane-associated aminopeptidase (PepN). To characterize this activity, the aminopeptidase was cloned, overexpressed, and purified. Initial steady-state kinetic studies revealed that the aminopeptidase has broad activity, with a preference for basic and hydrophobic side chains and kcat and Km values that are lower and smaller, respectively, than those of Escherichia coli PepN. A V. fischeri mutant unable to produce PepN is significantly delayed in its ability to colonize squid within the first 12 h, but eventually it establishes a wild-type colonization level. Likewise, in competition with the wild type for colonization, the mutant is outcompeted at 12 h postinoculation but then competes evenly by 24 h. Also, the PepN-deficient strain fails to achieve wild-type levels of cells in aggregates, suggesting an explanation for the initial colonization delay. This study provides a foundation for more studies on PepN expression, localization, and role in the early stages of squid colonization.
Enhancements of DAVRID for Massively Parallel Processing

Massively Parallel Processing J. H. Kim and S. Y. Han D. J. Hwang Dept. of Computer Science Dept. of Information Engineering Seoul National University, Korea Sungkyunkwan University, Korea E-mail: automata@pandora.snu. ac.kr E-mail: djhwang@yurim.skku. ac.kr H. H. Kim S. H. Cho Dept. of Computer Science Dept. of Computer Science Seowon University, Korea Kangnam University, Korea Abstract This paper proposes the enhancements of DAVRID (DAta ow Von Neumann Risc hybrID) which has been developed for massively parallel processing. DAVRID is based on the hybrid computational model, mainly motivated by the data ow computational model. We present two enhanced features of DAVRID. First, cache-based synchronization is introduced while the previous architecture uses frame-based synchronization. In cache-based synchronization, synchronization count which is used in determining whether the synchronization completes, is located in synchronization memory. Cache-based synchronization brings two pro ts, reduced memory conicts and caching e ect, from the separate synchronization memory. Second, thread-based prefetching is newly introduced. The simulation results show that the performance improvements achieve about 9-24% and 12%, respectively, in case of cache-based synchronization and thread-based prefetching.
Single-trial classification of auditory event-related potentials elicited by stimuli from different spatial directions

This study is focused on the single-trial classification of auditory event-related potentials elicited by sound stimuli from different spatial directions. Five naϊve subjects were asked to localize a sound stimulus reproduced over one of 8 loudspeakers placed in a circular array, equally spaced by 45°. The subject was seating in the center of the circular array. Due to the complexity of an eight classes classification, our approach consisted on feeding our classifier with two classes, or spatial directions, at the time. The seven chosen pairs were 0°, which was the loudspeaker directly in front of the subject, with all the other seven directions. The discrete wavelet transform was used to extract features in the time-frequency domain and a support vector machine performed the classification procedure. The average accuracy over all subjects and all pair of spatial directions was 76.5%, σ = 3.6. The results of this study provide evidence that the direction of a sound is encoded in single-trial auditory event-related potentials.
Demo Abstract: Towards a Wireless Building Management System with Minimum Change to the Building Protocols

We develop a wireless system that can (partially) substitute the wired infrastructure underlying Building Automation and Control Networks (BACnet) of the Building Management System (BMS). There are efforts (e.g. from ZigBee alliance) in developing the wireless components for BMS, they build from bottom up which may lead to change and re-standardization of a new BACnet protocol. There are also entirely new infrastructure proposed (e.g. sMAP) to collect physical information, however, these schemes require a longer time to be adopted. Our system is designed to support BACnet without any modification. We believe that our design experience is useful for other applications where wired infrastructure and upper layer protocols that are complete and well established, and is considered to be cost-effective in converting the system to (partially) wireless. Our experience shows that a direct replacement of wires into wireless links does not work. There are a number of difficulties, including the strict and harsh time constraints for frames to be transmitted before the system consider it as timeout. Our solution is to propose an asynchronous-response framework so as to keep the control flow of the upper layers protocol intact. In this demo, we will 1) bring the physical devices and explain our system on-site and 2) play a experiment video of our system that recorded in real environment.
Type grouping in skeletal muscles after experimental reinnervation: another explanation

Type grouping signifies clustering of muscle fibres of the same metabolic type, and is a frequent finding in reinnervated muscles. To elucidate the mechanism behind it, the rat sciatic nerve was either autografted or grafted with hollow synthetic nerve grafts. Twelve weeks later the number and fibre area of the type I and type II muscle fibres in the gastrocnemic and anterior tibial muscles were determined after ATP‐ase staining. The number and diameter of peroneal nerve fibres distal to the grafts were measured, and the number of Aα‐nerve fibres was derived. Nearly all nerve and muscle morphometrical parameters changed equally in both experimental groups. However, type grouping occurred frequently only after autografting, whereas the number of nerve fibres and the number of Aα‐nerve fibres increased in this group. Hence type grouping cannot be explained by increased intramuscular sprouting subsequent to a decrease in the number of innervating nerve fibres, as previously presumed. Regenerating axons branch along their course through the peripheral nerve. We propose that the probability of the occurrence of type grouping is related to the dispersion of sibling branches in the nerve. In the autograft, emerging branches are kept together by Schwann cell basal lamina scaffolds, in contrast to the hollow synthetic nerve grafts where the emerging branches become dispersed. Thus, in muscles reinnervated after autografting, the probability that nerve branches that arrive at a specific muscle territory are sibling branches is greater than after hollow tube grafting. Consequently, the probability that type grouping will occur is greater.
Virtualizing Storage as Memory for High Performance Storage Access

The advance of the technologies surrounding non-volatile memory (NVM) storage brings the significant improvement of its performance. While such hardware technologies progress, the software technologies for storage stagnate. The current I/O architecture of the operating system (OS) kernel to interact with storage devices was designed a long time ago when HDDs were very slow, and is beginning to cause a mismatch with high performance NVM storage. Such a mismatch is further exaggerated in virtualized environments since the software layers duplicated in a guest and its host kernels create a long I/O request processing path. Because virtualized environments play an major role to enable cloud computing and also because big data processing requires high performance storage access, the I/O architecture for virtualized environments has to be reorganized in a way that it can fully utilize the high performance of NVM storage. This paper proposes a novel storage virtualization method that virtualizes storage as memory, so that virtualized storage provides memory interface. We call such storage virtualized as memory virtual main memory storage (VMMS). VMMS removes the duplication of I/O software layers, and significantly shortens the I/O request processing path. VMMS was implemented in Linux that employs KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) as virtualization software. The evaluation results of VMMS performed on a RAM disk drive and a SSD show that VMMS enables the significant reduction of I/O costs and scales much better than the current I/O architecture.