Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incremental learning of cognitive concepts: a hidden variable networks approach

Representing and modeling knowledge in the face of uncertainty has always been a challenge in artificial intelligence. Graphical models are an apt way of representing uncertainty, and hidden variables in this framework are a way of abstraction of the knowledge. It seems that hidden variables can represent concepts, which reveal the relation among the observed phenomena and capture their cause and effect relationship through structure learning. Our concern is mostly on concept learning of situated agents, which learn while living, and adapt to their environment to maximize their expected reward. Therefore, we present an algorithm for sequential learning of Bayesian networks with hidden variables. The proposed algorithm employs the recent advancements in learning hidden variable networks for the batch case, and utilizes a mixture of approaches that allows for sequential learning of parameters and structure of the network. The incremental nature of this algorithm facilitates gradual learning of an agent, through its lifetime, as data is gathered progressively. Furthermore inference is made possible, when facing a large corpus of data that cannot be handled as a whole.
Psicología Social de la Memoria: Espacios y Políticas del Recuerdo

La psicologia social de la memoria busca comprender e intervenir en los procesos de memoria colectiva desde un enfoque discursivo y performativo, atendiendo tanto a las narraciones del pasado como a los usos del espacio publico en las acciones de recordar. Se presenta el recorrido conceptual e investigativo que el equipo de Psicologia Social de la Memoria de la Universidad de Chile ha desarrollado durante su trayectoria. A partir de las diversas investigaciones realizadas, se muestra como la incorporacion de la dimension performativa de la memoria ha implicado un enfasis teorico y metodologico en el estudio de conmemoraciones, lugares de memoria y politicas del recuerdo. Asimismo, se da cuenta de ciertos desplazamientos investigativos que han llevado desde el estudio de las memorias centradas en la figura de la victima a la comprension de “otras memorias”, aquellas que construyen sujetos no victimas, considerando las diferencias entre las generaciones que no vivieron la dictadura en Chile y las que si lo hicieron.
Novelty seeking as a moderator of familial risk for alcohol dependence.

BACKGROUND Disinhibitory personality traits such as high novelty seeking (NS) are moderately heritable, and individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently exhibit such traits. However, recent studies have cast doubt on the supposition that such traits are true familial risk factors for SUD and particularly for alcohol dependence. Another possibility is that familial risk interacts with personality-associated risk, in which case the association between personality and familial risk might depend on sample composition, accounting for the lack of consensus among studies to date. We examined this possibility by analyzing the association between NS and alcohol dependence in individuals at intermediate and high levels of familial risk for alcohol dependence. METHODS Data from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, a multisite family study, were examined. Subjects were 1,111 adult siblings of alcohol-dependent index cases. Parental diagnoses of alcohol dependence and personality scores of NS from the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire were used to predict alcohol dependence. RESULTS A significant interaction between NS and familial risk for alcoholism was seen, such that NS was a significantly stronger predictor of alcohol dependence in subjects with one or more parents with alcohol dependence than in subjects without alcohol-dependent parents. CONCLUSIONS Novelty seeking and familial risk interact so that the risk associated with high NS is magnified in families with parental alcohol dependence and NS is a moderator of familial risk. Accordingly, high NS is strongly associated with alcohol dependence in subjects with a parent diagnosed with alcohol dependence, but low NS may protect against the risk associated with familial alcoholism. This interaction may account for conflicting findings from studies that have examined this question previously.
Alternative schemes for proactive IP recovery

Recovery at the IP layer has originally been handled by the slow process of IP reconvergence. As the dependence on the Internet broadens and real time applications like VoIP become a common service of the Internet, fast proactive recovery becomes an important property of the communication protocols. There are currently two IETF initiatives for proactive recovery drawing considerable attention, IP fast reroute and multi-topology routing using multiple routing configurations. In this paper we evaluate and compare these approaches
Understanding sense of neighbourhood community in Korean adolescents: its relation to adolescent well-being and the role of parents

This study examined whether Korean adolescents' sense of neighbourhood community would be related to their peer relations and self-esteem and the role of parent-related variables (e.g., mother's sense of neighbourhood community and perceived relationship closeness with parents) among a sample of 229 Korean adolescents and their mothers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed a positive association of Korean adolescents' sense of neighbourhood community with peer relations and self-esteem. In addition, having a close relationship with parents emerged as the ultimate predictor of their sense of neighbourhood community above and beyond the variance accounted for by socio-demographic characteristics and school adaptation. Results suggest that parents play a significant role in Korean adolescents' sense of neighbourhood community. Fostering close relationships with parents and improving mothers' sense of neighbourhood community may be particularly effective for strengthening Korean adolescents' sense of neighbourhood community.
An Animal Manifesto Gender, Identity, and Vegan-Feminism in the Twenty-First Century

Carol J. Adams: Well, first, hoorah! Any writings that explore and extend the discussion of our being animals, and our relationships to other animal beings, makes me hopeful. Of course, as you well know, the concept of the ‘animal’ or ‘animal beings’ usually exists in relationship to concepts of human beings in a dyadic dance of definition by negation. When we eliminate the negation that animal has meant to the human, the absence of the human (qualities) that being animal has meant, how does this also redefine, and perhaps dethrone ‘human’? A popular feminist button in the States asserts that ‘Feminism is the radical notion that women are human. ’ I won’t wear that button. I don’t find that a radical notion; I find that a conformist notion even though I understand why it is so insistent on this point. While it goes without saying that ‘humans are animals’ the way this insight has been used has been hierarchically, i.e., racial and sexual distinctions were used to equate people of color and women with other animals or to impute animal characteristics on those who were not white, propertied men. ‘Human’ became a definition not only about humans versus (other) animals, but also defining who among Homo sapiens would have the power to act as ‘humans’ – voting, holding property, making laws, committing violence with impunity. Human has always been a label that is tied to power. But for feminism to want firmly to establish women’s ‘humanness’ while upholding the boundary between humans and other animals, defeats what I believe to be the truly radical insight of feminism. Josie Donovan and I articulated what we saw as the radical insight of feminism in our introduction to Animals and Women: ‘We believe that feminism is a transformative philosophy that embraces the amelioration of life on earth for all life-forms, for all natural entities. We believe that all oppressions are interconnected: no one creature will be free until all are free – from abuse, degradation, exploitation, pollution, and commercialization. ’
Using a Sociocultural Perspective to Establish Teaching and Social Presences Within a Hybrid Community of Mentor Teachers

Within the last decade, the Community of Inquiry framework (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2000) has received increased attention in the field of online learning, yet little is known about applying key tenets of Community of Inquiry while leading a hybrid professional development initiative. This study describes how I established teaching and social presences within a 3-month community of practice comprising four educators and mentor teachers. I utilized a sociocultural perspective as I adapted concepts of teaching presence (Garrison et al., 2000) to continually reposition myself as a facilitator and caretaker. Challenges emerged as I negotiated decision making within virtual and physical learning domains. Evidence of these challenges and their relation to social presence are identified through qualitative analysis of written blogs, meeting transcripts, and journal entries. Implications for future research and practice include providing more defined roles and responsibilities for school–university liaisons that design and facilitate similar hybrid communities.
Contact Sensing from Force Measurements

This article addresses contact sensing (i.e., the problem of re solving the location of a contact, the force at the interface, and the moment about the contact normals). Called "intrinsic" contact sensing for the use of internal force and torque mea surements, this method allows for practical devices that provide simple, relevant contact information in practical robotic appli cations. Such sensors have been used in conjunction with robot hands to identify objects, determine surface friction, detect slip, augment grasp stability, measure object mass, probe surfaces, and control collision and for a variety of other useful tasks. This article describes the theoretical basis for their operation and provides a framework for future device design.
8-Hydroxy-2-methylquinolinium tetrachlorido(pyrazine-2-carboxylato-κ2 N 1,O 2)stannate(IV) methanol monosolvate

In the title solvated salt, (C10H10NO)[SnCl4(C5H3N2O2)]·CH3OH, the SnIV atom is chelated by the N,O-bidentate pyrazine-2-carboxylate ligand and four chloride ions, and shows a distorted octahedral SnNOCl4 coordination at the metal atom. The 8-hydroxy-2-methylquinolinium cation and the anion are linked to the methanol molecules by O—H⋯O, O—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a linear chain running along [10]. There are two independent ion pairs and solvent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin with a 41.8 (1)% twin component.
Automatic Bandwidth Adjustment for Content Distribution in MPLS Networks

Aggregates of real-time traffic may experience changes in their statistical characteristics often manifesting non stationary behavior. In multi protocol label switching (MPLS) networks this type of the traffic is assigned constant amount of resources. This may result in ineffective usage of resources when the load is below than expected or inappropriate performance when the load is higher. In this paper we propose new algorithm for dynamic resource adaptation to temporarily changing traffic conditions. Assuming that network nodes may reallocate resources on-demand using automatic bandwidth adjustment capability of MPLS framework, the proposed algorithm, implemented at ingress MPLS nodes, dynamically decides which amount of resources is currently sufficient to handle arriving traffic with given performance metrics. This decision is then communicated to interior MPLS nodes along the label switched path. As a basic tool of the algorithm we use change-point statistical test that signals time instants at which statistical characteristics of traffic aggregates change. The major advantage of the proposed approach is that it is fully autonomous, that is, network nodes do not need any support from hosts in terms of resource reservation requests. The proposed algorithm is well suited for traffic patterns experiencing high variability, especially, for non stationary type of the traffic.
Sensor-less Vibration Suppression and Scan Compensation for Piezoelectric Tube Nanopositioners

Piezoelectric tube scanners are employed in highresolution positioning applications such as scanning probe microscopy and nano-fabrication. Much research has proceeded with the aim of reducing hysteresis and vibration, the foremost problems associated with piezoelectric tube scanners. In this paper, two simple techniques are proposed for simultaneously reducing hysteresis and vibration. Experimental results demonstrate significant reduction in hysteresis due to the use of a charge amplifier. Previous problems involved with the implementation of such ampliers are resolved to provide DC accurate performance with zero voltage drift. Secondly, piezoelectric shunt damping, a technique previously resident in the field of smart structures, is applied to damp tube vibration. By attaching an LCR impedance to a single tube electrode, the first mechanical mode is reduced in magnitude by more than 20 dB.
Poly(ADPribosyl)ation system in transcriptionally active rat testis chromatin fractions

The rat testis chromatin fractions (soluble, S, and insoluble, P) were prepared by mild digestion of nuclei with DNAase I. They appeared to be different in specific biochemical features such as their transcriptional competence and protein patterns, the latter indicating, according to results previously obtained, that the testis‐specific H1t is preferentially associated to the soluble fraction, whereas the other H1 variants are localized in the pellet. S and P chromatins also differed in the distribution of the poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ating system, (poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase, reaction product and acceptor proteins), detected by incubating nuclei with 32P‐NAD. The 32P‐modified H1s and core histones of both fractions, known as specific ADPribose target proteins, were separated by high performance liquid chromatography and it was demonstrated that the H1 variants from S and P are differently ADPribosylated, being H1t always the best acceptor, and that most of the ADPribosylated variants were solubilized after DNase I treatment. The further digestion of P chromatin with the nuclease produced a fraction (pP) devoid of most DNA, but particularly enriched in transcriptionally competent tracts. The low DNA content of pP chromatin, which reflects the typical feature of a nuclear matrix, corresponded to a relevant poly(ADPribosyl)ation, the highest as compared to S and P fractions. Moreover, long and branched chains of poly(ADP‐ribose) were found associated to pP sample which resemble the products determined in the soluble chromatin. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of mercury on the steroidogenesis of human adrenocarcinoma (NCI-H295R) cell line

In this study the NCI-H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line was used as an in vitro biological model to study the effect of mercury (HgCl2) on the steroidogenesis. The cells were cultured for 48 h with addition of 1.0; 5.0; 25; 50 or 100 μM of HgCl2 and compared to control. Cell viability was measured by the MTT (metabolic activity) assay estimation for the mitochondria structural integrity. Quantification of testosterone and progesterone directly from aliquots of the medium was performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Concentration-dependent depression in testosterone production was detected particularly for higher concentration of Hg2+. Progesterone production was also decreased, but at the lower concentrations (1.0 and 5.0 μM) of Hg2+ this decline was lower compared to depression of testosterone. The cell viability significantly decreased at 25 μM and higher concentration of Hg2+. However, at 25 μM Hg2+ exposure the cell viability remained relatively high (> 80%). Results of the study indicate dose-dependent decreases in both testosterone and progesterone production of H295R cell culture following a 48 h in vitro HgCl2 exposure. The results suggest that Hg has detrimental effects on steroid hormone synthesis also at very low concentrations and consecutively on reproductive physiology.
Age Discrimination, Social Closure and Employment

Age discrimination in employment has received mounting attention over the past two decades, and from various cross-cutting social science disciplines. Findings from survey and experimental analyses have revealed the pervasiveness of ageist stereotypes, while aggregate and life course analyses suggest trends toward downward occupational mobility for ageing workers, especially in the face of economic restructuring and global economic pressures. In this article, we extend the literature by offering explicit theoretical conceptualization of age discrimination in employment – conceptualization that builds on prior social closure perspectives dealing with social stratification, broadly – and then analyzing unique quantitative and qualitative data on verified cases of workplace age discrimination occurring between 1988 and 2003. Our analyses center on 1. ) the interactional nature of workplace age discrimination and its relation to status, 2. ) how explicit ageist stereotypes both invoke discrimination and help gatekeepers justify such behavior, and 3. ) the ways in which supposedly age-neutral ideologies, centering specifically on corporate costs and well-being, may also spur ageist discriminatory treatment. Results reveal vulnerability for skilled and semi-skilled workers, particularly those nearing 50 years old and retirement. Qualitative immersion into a subsample of cases reveals precisely how stereotypes are used, how employers rationalize discrimination by invoking business costs, and how the workers are affected. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings as well as the utility of social closure theory for future research and theorizing on age discrimination and inequality.
Event-based 3D SLAM with a depth-augmented dynamic vision sensor

We present the D-eDVS- a combined event-based 3D sensor - and a novel event-based full-3D simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm which works exclusively with the sparse stream of visual data provided by the D-eDVS. The D-eDVS is a combination of the established PrimeSense RGB-D sensor and a biologically inspired embedded dynamic vision sensor. Dynamic vision sensors only react to dynamic contrast changes and output data in form of a sparse stream of events which represent individual pixel locations. We demonstrate how an event-based dynamic vision sensor can be fused with a classic frame-based RGB-D sensor to produce a sparse stream of depth-augmented 3D points. The advantages of a sparse, event-based stream are a much smaller amount of generated data, thus more efficient resource usage, and a continuous representation of motion allowing lag-free tracking. Our event-based SLAM algorithm is highly efficient and runs 20 times faster than realtime, provides localization updates at several hundred Hertz, and produces excellent results. We compare our method against ground truth from an external tracking system and two state-of-the-art algorithms on a new dataset which we release in combination with this paper.
WAVING HELLO OR WAVING GOOD‐BYE? ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN THE INFORMATION AGE

Organizational change in an evolving technological age is reconsidered here. Extant organization theory focuses largely on technologically‐induced transformation. This paper argues that this focus is inappropriate. With the proliferation of information technology in the workplace, change literature propounds a particular view of the organization: a lean, flat and networked organization. Reevaluating future change and future shock literature prediction, we establish a more realistic account of technology and the organization and question the accuracy of the “altered organization” expectation. In developing a conceptualization of a “limited reality of change,” we imply that predicted changes are not as clear cut as certain proponents would have us believe. Though there is a willingness throughout technology change literature to slip into the language of organizational transformation, this paper indicates that the reality of change is far more restrictive than has largely been previously acknowledged We conclude by proposing the coexistent organization as an alternative—arguing that hierarchical organizational forms can coexist with a networked organization—and discuss implications for organization change theory.
The development of a multidisciplinary, evidence-based guideline for “HIV and employment”

The objective of this study was to develop a multidisciplinary guideline that supports the care and vocational rehabilitation of HIV-infected people with employment-related problems. The guideline was developed according to the “evidence-based guideline development” method developed by the Dutch Institute for Health Care Improvement. This method consists of the following steps: forming a multidisciplinary core group and an expert panel, formulating key questions, searching and appraising the available literature, formulating considerations and recommendations, peer reviewing the draft guideline, and authorizing the final guideline. All relevant professional associations were represented in the core group that was assembled to develop the guideline, i.e., HIV doctors, HIV nurses, general practitioners, occupational health physicians, psychologists, social workers, occupational health nurses, vocational experts, and insurance physicians. Five key questions for the guideline were formulated with the following themes: determinants of employment, disclosure and stigma, self-management, interventions, and the organization of care. In the literature review on these topics, 45 studies met the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included articles was poor. Factors such as patient preferences and medical/ethical issues were considered. The recommendations in the guideline are a weighting of the scientific evidence and the considerations of the core group. The guideline, as well as its summary for daily practice, clarifies the most important barriers and facilitators to people with HIV either staying at work or returning to work, and it constitutes a clinical, easy-to-use guideline for health-care providers and how they can support people with HIV who want to work.
Human intention-based collision avoidance for autonomous cars

This paper considers the problem of controlling an autonomous vehicle that must share the road with human-driven cars.We present proactive collision avoidance algorithms that take into account the expressed intent of human driven cars and minimize the need for sudden braking or other purely reactive sudden actions. The presented algorithm utilizes multi-stage Gaussian Processes (GPs) in order to learn the transition model for each vehicle given the intention of the vehicle's driver. It further updates the trajectory predictions on-line to provide an intention-based trajectory prediction and collision avoidance adapted to various driving manners and road/weather conditions. The effectiveness of this concept is demonstrated by a variety of simulations utilizing real human driving data in various scenarios including an intersection and a highway. The experiments are done in a specially developed driving simulation and a highly realistic third-party car simulator.