Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Relation Between Context-Free Grammars and Meta Object Facility Metamodels

Metamodels present the language of models, much in the way that grammars present the language of programs. In this paper, we study the relation between context-free (Backus-Naur Form) grammars and Meta Object Facility metamodels and identify when and how we can convert a grammar to a metamodel and a metamodel to a grammar. An example of this mapping for a subset of Java is shown.
Developmental ability of chromosomally abnormal human embryos to develop to the blastocyst stage.

BACKGROUND A correlation between morphology, developmental competence and chromosome abnormalities is established. However, since absolute correlations are rare, embryo selection remains one of the most arduous tasks in assisted reproduction. This study was undertaken in order to determine which chromosomal abnormalities are compatible with development to the blastocyst stage. METHODS Embryos diagnosed by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) as chromosomally abnormal or unsuitable for transfer were cultured to day 5 or 6. Morphology and development were observed daily. After extended culture, embryos were fixed and analysed by two rounds of FISH with the same probes used for PGD. RESULTS Some types of numerical chromosome abnormalities do not preclude full differentiation in vitro. For instance, extensive mosaicism was detected in blastocysts and trisomic embryos reached the blastocyst stage with a frequency of 37%. Interestingly, only those monosomies compatible with first trimester development (monosomy X and 21) were detected at blastocyst stage. CONCLUSION Even though there is a strong selection against chromosomally abnormal embryos, extended culture to day 5 or 6 cannot be used as a reliable tool to select against clinically relevant chromosome abnormalities such as trisomies.
A comparison of the distribution and morphology of ChAT-, VAChT-immunoreactive and AChE-positive neurons in the thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord of the pig

Present knowledge concerning the organization of cholinergic structures of the spinal cord has been derived primarily from studies on small laboratory animals, while there is a complete lack of information concerning its structure in the pig. In the present study we employed choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) immunocytochemistry and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemistry to identify the cholinergic neuronal population in the thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord of the pig. The distribution of ChAT-, VAChTand AChE-positive cells was found to be similar. Distinct groups of cholinergic neurons were observed in the gray matter of the ventral horn, intermediolateral nucleus, intermediomedial nucleus as well as individual stained cells were found in the area around the central canal and in the base of the dorsal horn. Double staining confirmed complete colocalization of ChAT with AChE in the ventral horn and intermediolateral nucleus although in the intermediomedial nucleus only 64% of the AChE-positive neurons expressed ChAT-immunoreactivity, indicating unique, region restricted, diversity of ChAT and AChE staining. Our results revealed details concerning spatial distribution and morphological features of the cholinergic neurons in the thoracolumbar and sacral spinal cord of the pig. We also found that the pattern of distribution of cholinergic neurons in the porcine spinal cord shows great similarity to the organization of the cholinergic system in other mammalian species studied.
Parameter Space of Atomic Layer Deposition of Ultrathin Oxides on Graphene

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ultrathin aluminum oxide (AlOx) films was systematically studied on supported chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene. We show that by extending the precursor residence time, using either a multiple-pulse sequence or a soaking period, ultrathin continuous AlOx films can be achieved directly on graphene using standard H2O and trimethylaluminum (TMA) precursors even at a high deposition temperature of 200 °C, without the use of surfactants or other additional graphene surface modifications. To obtain conformal nucleation, a precursor residence time of >2s is needed, which is not prohibitively long but sufficient to account for the slow adsorption kinetics of the graphene surface. In contrast, a shorter residence time results in heterogeneous nucleation that is preferential to defect/selective sites on the graphene. These findings demonstrate that careful control of the ALD parameter space is imperative in governing the nucleation behavior of AlOx on CVD graphene. We consider our results to have model system character for rational two-dimensional (2D)/non-2D material process integration, relevant also to the interfacing and device integration of the many other emerging 2D materials.
Dialog-driven Adaptation of Explanations of Proofs

In order to generate high quality explanations in mathematical domains, the presentation must be adapted to the knowledge of the intended audience. Most proof presentation systems only communicate proofs on a fixed degree of abstraction independently of the addressee's knowledge. In this paper, we shall present the proof explanation system P.rex. Based on assumptions about the addressee's knowledge, its dialog planner chooses a degree of abstraction for each proof step to be explained. In reaction to the user's interactions, which are allowed at any time, it enters clarification dialogs to revise its user model and to adapt the explanation.
Sound and Efficient Inference with Probabilistic and Deterministic Dependencies

Reasoning with both probabilistic and deterministic dependencies is important for many real-world problems, and in particular for the emerging field of statistical relational learning. However, probabilistic inference methods like MCMC or belief propagation tend to give poor results when deterministic or near-deterministic dependencies are present, and logical ones like satisfiability testing are inapplicable to probabilistic ones. In this paper we propose MC-SAT, an inference algorithm that combines ideas from MCMC and satisfiability. MC-SAT is based on Markov logic, which defines Markov networks using weighted clauses in first-order logic. From the point of view of MCMC, MC-SAT is a slice sampler with an auxiliary variable per clause, and with a satisfiability-based method for sampling the original variables given the auxiliary ones. From the point of view of satisfiability, MCSAT wraps a procedure around the SampleSAT uniform sampler that enables it to sample from highly non-uniform distributions over satisfying assignments. Experiments on entity resolution and collective classification problems show that MC-SAT greatly outperforms Gibbs sampling and simulated tempering over a broad range of problem sizes and degrees of determinism.
Heterogeneous B∗-trees for analog placement with symmetry and regularity considerations

Symmetry constraints and regular structures are two major considerations for expert analog layout designers. Symmetry constraints are specified to place matched modules symmetrically with respect to some common axes to reduce unwanted electrical effects. Regular structures are commonly followed by experienced designers to enhance routability and suppress parasitics induced by extra bends of wires and via cost. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous B∗-tree representation to consider symmetry and regularity simultaneously. Corresponding moves and a new regularity cost modelling for the representation are also presented. Experimental results show that our approach can efficiently generate regularly structured placement satisfying all symmetry constraints. For example, our placer achieves a 18X runtime speedup, 28% smaller area, and 68% shorter wirelength than the previous work, based on placement results, and 60% fewer overflows, 39% fewer vias, and 86% shorter routed wirelength, based on global routing results.
Investigating the influence of musical congruity in advertising

This thesis investigates the influence of various musical congruity dimensions on consumers’ affective, cognitive, and behavioural responses to advertising. It adopts a mixed methods approach in examining the effects following various data collection techniques including focus group, survey studies, YouTube Analytics, as well as netnography. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to music and advertising, highlighting contemporary research issues in this area and underlining research objectives and questions, as well as a rationale for the research. Chapter 2 provides a critical review of the academic literature on music in advertising, focussing on congruity as the overarching concept examined in the thesis, and identifying various dimensions of musical congruity. Chapter 3 provides the justification for the research methodology and the subsequent selection of a mixed methods approach. Chapter 4 (Study 1) presents the university advertising findings obtained through focus group, surveys, as well as the brief YouTube Analytics statistical data. Findings of Study 1 investigating the effects of musical congruity in the context of university advertising reveal that pop music produced the most positive responses in terms of consumers’ perceived image of the university and their intention to enrol. Study 2 presented in Chapter 5 develops, refines, and redefines the concept of musical in/congruity and extends it to the context of advertising music in order to address the ongoing flaws in many of the existing music and advertising studies pertaining to the use of incongruent musical stimuli. Findings indicate how the deliberate crafting of musical incongruity can be used to engage and amuse consumers, proposing that resolving musical incongruity may enhance consumers’ recall, ad attitude, perception of brand image and quality, as well as their purchase intent. Chapter 6 (Study 3) involves netnographic findings highlighting the effects of in/congruity on consumers’ lived experiences of musical consumption in advertising. Findings relate to musical taste, indexical congruity, repetition congruity, and semantic congruity. The thesis concludes with Chapter 7 (Discussion) and Chapter 8 (Conclusion).
Deterministic Annealing for Semi-Supervised Structured Output Learning

In this paper we propose a new approach for semi-supervised structured output learning. Our approach uses relaxed labeling on unlabeled data to deal with the combinatorial nature of the label space and further uses domain constraints to guide the learning. Since the overall objective is non-convex, we alternate between the optimization of the model parameters and the label distribution of unlabeled data. The alternating optimization coupled with deterministic annealing helps us achieve better local optima and as a result our approach leads to better constraint satisfaction during inference. Experimental results on sequence labeling benchmarks show superior performance of our approach compared to Constraint Driven Learning (CoDL) and Posterior Regularization (PR).
Large Margin Boltzmann Machines and Large Margin Sigmoid Belief Networks

Current statistical models for structured prediction make simplifying assumptions about the underlying output graph structure, such as assuming a low-order Markov chain, because exact inference becomes intractable as the tree-width of the underlying graph increases. Approximate inference algorithms, on the other hand, force one to trade off representational power with computational efficiency. In this paper, we propose two new types of probabilistic graphical models, large margin Boltzmann machines (LMBMs) and large margin sigmoid belief networks (LMSBNs), for structured prediction. LMSBNs in particular allow a very fast inference algorithm for arbitrary graph structures that runs in polynomial time with a high probability. This probability is data-distribution dependent and is maximized in learning. The new approach overcomes the representation-efficiency trade-off in previous models and allows fast structured prediction with complicated graph structures. We present results from applying a fully connected model to multi-label scene classification and demonstrate that the proposed approach can yield significant performance gains over current state-of-the-art methods.
2174 / 138920210791110933 TWIST 1 Gene : First Insights in Felis catus

TWIST1 is thought to be a novel oncogene. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the TWIST1 gene expression profiles in tumor cells may give new insights regarding prognostic factors and novel therapeutic targets in veterinary oncology. In the present study we partially isolated the TWIST1 gene in Felis catus and performed comparative studies. Several primer combinations were used based on the alignments of homologous DNA sequences. After PCR amplification, three bands were obtained, purified and sequenced. Several bioinformatic tools were utilized to carry out the comparative studies. Higher similarity was found between the isolated TWIST1 gene in Felis catus and Homo sapiens (86%) than between Homo sapiens and Rattus norvegicus or Mus musculus (75%). Partial amino acid sequence showed no change in the four species analyzed. This confirmed that coding sequences presented high similarity (~96%) between man and cat. These results give the first insights regarding the TWIST1 gene in cat but further studies are required in order to establish, or not, its role in tumor formation and progression in veterinary oncology.
A hierarchical domain model for safety-critical cyber-physical systems in process automation

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) integrate computation with physical processes. For the last years, CPS have been in the focus of research and are getting adopted in multiple domains like health care, automotive and smart factories. The use of CPS promises dynamic adaption of systems to changing environmental and economic conditions through autonomous CPS decisions based on the physical process. In industrial process automation, research and adoption of CPS have to account for the severe safety restrictions that dominate the system design in this domain. To transfer the benefits of CPS application to process automation, the CPS must be able to formally verify the safety of its autonomous reconfiguration decisions. This paper proposes a domain model for safety-critical CPS in industrial process automation to serve as foundation for formal CPS algorithms.
Creating an interface for the Dutch legislation using CEN Metalex and RDF linked data

The goal of this study is to determine whether an interface for the Dutch legislation from wetten.nl built using the data from the Metalex Document Server (MDS) results in useful contextual information for users. The RDF linked data from the MDS is used to create the citation network for six closely related laws from the Dutch tax law. The network is analyzed to assign measures of importance to citing and cited texts in those laws. A complete html5 web application is built using the acquired information, also incorporating version history functionality for the legal texts. The resulting interface presents information in a manner wetten.nl does not and to determine its usefulness, the interface is evaluated by two employees of the Dutch tax authorities (Belastingdienst). Based on their findings we can say the new information presented in the interface is indeed useful, but there is also plenty of room for improvement.
Design of a low power content addressable memory (cam)

Conventional CAM designs typically take up significantly more area, power, and sometimes delay compared to location addressed memories of the same capacity. If these penalties are traded off against each other, there will be many new applications for CAMs that are not feasible or practical today. In this study using EDP as a metric, we analytically evaluate individual CAM design techniques previously introduced in our midterm report, and discuss the tradeoffs in each technique. Our study shows that one can achieve significant reduction in matchline (ML) activity factor and thus power by using NAND type CAM cells, at the price of delay. On the contrary, NOR cells exhibit high activity factors and power dissipation, but with a quick ML evaluation phase. Utilizing both types, we find the optimum number of NAND cells for a given array size that minimizes the EDP, followed by low swing ML NOR cells. We also use a precomputation technique to reduce the number of search lines (SL) in the array by half, and to further reduce ML activity by 50%, resulting in substantial power and area savings. Finally, we present the optimum combination of these techniques by evaluating trade offs of various comination possibilities. Index Terms CAM design, EDP figure of merit, NAND cell, NOR cell, 1’s precomputation, NAND-NOR hybrid optimization
Arousal response of (Olfaction effect) intranasal oxytocin on blood pressure of students in Erbil City, Iraq

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the role of Oxytocin, a commercial synthetic hormone, on the blood pressure of normal students who volunteered to become a part of this study. Materials and methods: A rapid sensitive Digital blood measuring meter is used for the measure of blood pressure among young students of Iraq. To support the current study, evaluation of sodium concentration in drinking water, temperature and Precipitation rate of city were also reported. Result: We found that elicited synthetic Oxytocin hormone arousal has an effect resulting in a decrease in systolic and diastolic pressures in young students. The mean age of students is 20 years. Before olfaction oxytocin the average Systole blood pressure was 118.9 after arousal effect the average Systole blood pressure is 112 Intranasal Oxytocin olfaction response also decreases the heart pulse rate among young students. Conclusion: Now a days hypertension has become a global challenge. To decrease blood pressure and heart pulse rate slightly, a small quantity of commercially available oxytocin hormone is a helpful tool.
How do they do it? Multimedia journalism and perceptions of the practice

Implementing a phenomenographic approach, the question this article seeks to answer is how experienced journalists, editors and graphic designers perceive how multimedia journalism is executed. The study is based on qualitative interviews with experienced media workers who work with or manage work within online multimedia off-deadline feature journalism in mainstream online media outlets. In the outcome space, I categorise six different perceptions describing collective approaches to multimedia production: the learner, the developer, the artist, the collaborator, the publisher and the manager. Conclusively, these collective perceptions can influence how competencies are developed and how the workflow of multimedia production is implemented and organised in editorial rooms and educational situations.
Insecure JavaScript Detection and Analysis with Browser-Enforced Embedded Rules

The JavaScript language is an interpretive programming language which is used to enhance the client-side interactivity and functionality. However, it has been much exploited by malicious parties to launch browser-based security attacks. Currently there are many security vulnerabilities assessment tools, and browsers provide sand-boxing mechanisms to protect the JavaScript code from compromising the security of the client’s environment, but, unfortunately, nowadays the attacks against web applications often take advantage of the browser's own function to carry out attacks. Based on the above problems, we put forward an approach to solve the problem that is based on monitoring JavaScript code execution to detect malicious code behavior and we don’t need to carry out the static analysis of JavaScript code, just compare the execution to high-level inspection rules. While visiting the website we insert the security inspection rules into the website to analyze the potential safety hazard.
IL-10-dependent Tr1 cells attenuate astrocyte activation and ameliorate chronic central nervous system inflammation

See Winger and Zamvil (doi: 10.1093/brain/aww121 ) for a scientific commentary on this article. Current therapies have limited effect on the chronic CNS inflammation observed in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Mayo et al. show that CD3-specific antibody ameliorates disease in a mouse model of progressive MS. The effect is dependent on induction of regulatory T-cells, which attenuate astrocyte and microglia activation via secretion of interleukin-10.
Behavioral Mechanisms Prompted by Virtual Rewards: The Small-area Hypothesis

In a natural experiment on a popular German Question & Answer community we investigate the applicability of the small-area hypothesis to the activation of user contributions through virtual rewards in the form of badges. Koo and Fishbach’s small-area hypothesis states that individuals in pursuit of a goal exhibit stronger motivation when they focus on whichever is smaller in size: the area of their completed actions or their remaining actions needed to reach a goal (e.g., focusing on 10% of completed actions is more motivating than on the 90% remaining). This has direct implications for the optimal design of virtual reward systems and especially for the framing of progress towards virtual rewards, which represent goals to users. Consistent with theoretical predictions, we find that the small-area effect activates online user contribution behavior. Our findings thus provide empirical evidence for the influence of the framing of progress towards virtual rewards on user behavior.
Reliable Multicast Mechanism Based on Application Layer Active Network

In order to solve reliable transmission and performance of application layer multicast, the paper puts forward reliable multicast mechanism called ANRM based on application layer active nodes.In ANRM, middle active nodes take part in error detecting and loss recovery of multicast packet. Once packet loss is discovered, request packet retransmission in time. At last, the effectiveness of ANRM mechanism is proved by the strict mathematical proofs.
Learning pattern of social work students: a longitudinal study

Abstract Research on learning patterns of social work students is scare. This longitudinal study addresses this issue by employing mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative study design to understand the learning pattern of students throughout their undergraduate social work studies. Six rounds of quantitative data collected by structured questionnaires and four rounds of qualitative data collected by focus group interviews have been conducted at an interval of every 6 months to track the learning pattern and to evaluate the continuous impacts of social work education on students. Results indicate that although students’ evaluation on the curriculum was positive and with significant difference in mean scores, paired sample t-tests found no significant difference between time 1 and 6 of all outcome variables. With regard to students’ change in attitude, acquisition of knowledge and skills, results indicate a ‘U-shape’ trend and a fluctuating learning pattern with a rebound in different outcome variables toward the end of the three-year study. Qualitative data echoes the findings and reveals that students go through the confused freshman stage, to disillusioned in practicum and finally with enriching experience upon graduation. The paper discusses meanings and implications of student learning pattern to social work education.