Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Makes People Angry? Laypersons' and Psychologists' Categorisations of Anger in the Family

People's categorisations of anger causes were examined in these studies, in order to obtain a layperson taxonomy of anger causes in families, and to compare this taxonomy to those created by psychologists. In Study 1, college students sorted descriptions of anger-eliciting events in family relationships. Hierarchical cluster analyses of their classifications resulted in a total of 15 separate categories of causes for the three types of familial relationships. These categories conformed to a prototypical format and varied in interesting ways across relationship and gender. Study 2 compared the students' classification schemes to five different schemes developed by psychologists. Considerable overlap in students' and psychologists' categorisations was demonstrated for some categories of causes, but not for others. Study 3 examined the three dimensions along which layperson and psychologist classifications might differ. The dimensions of specific versus abstract and experiential versus scientific seemed to a.
Development of Abbreviated Eight-Item Form of the Penn Verbal Reasoning Test

The ability to reason with language is a highly valued cognitive capacity that correlates with IQ measures and is sensitive to damage in language areas. The Penn Verbal Reasoning Test (PVRT) is a 29-item computerized test for measuring abstract analogical reasoning abilities using language. The full test can take over half an hour to administer, which limits its applicability in large-scale studies. We previously described a procedure for abbreviating a clinical rating scale and a modified procedure for reducing tests with a large number of items. Here we describe the application of the modified method to reducing the number of items in the PVRT to a parsimonious subset of items that accurately predicts the total score. As in our previous reduction studies, a split sample is used for model fitting and validation, with cross-validation to verify results. We find that an 8-item scale predicts the total 29-item score well, achieving a correlation of . 9145 for the reduced form for the model fitting sample and . 8952 for the validation sample. The results indicate that a drastically abbreviated version, which cuts administration time by more than 70%, can be safely administered as a predictor of PVRT performance.
The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection

Objective: To validate and refine two sets of candidate criteria for the classification/diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). Methods: All Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) members were invited to include consecutively new patients with chronic (⩾3 months) back pain of unknown origin that began before 45 years of age. The candidate criteria were first tested in the entire cohort of 649 patients from 25 centres, and then refined in a random selection of 40% of cases and thereafter validated in the remaining 60%. Results: Upon diagnostic work-up, axial SpA was diagnosed in 60.2% of the cohort. Of these, 70% did not fulfil modified New York criteria and, therefore, were classified as having “non-radiographic” axial SpA. Refinement of the candidate criteria resulted in new ASAS classification criteria that are defined as: the presence of sacroiliitis by radiography or by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plus at least one SpA feature (“imaging arm”) or the presence of HLA-B27 plus at least two SpA features (“clinical arm”). The sensitivity and specificity of the entire set of the new criteria were 82.9% and 84.4%, and for the imaging arm alone 66.2% and 97.3%, respectively. The specificity of the new criteria was much better than that of the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria modified for MRI (sensitivity 85.1%, specificity 65.1%) and slightly better than that of the modified Amor criteria (sensitivity 82.9, specificity 77.5%). Conclusion: The new ASAS classification criteria for axial SpA can reliably classify patients for clinical studies and may help rheumatologists in clinical practice in diagnosing axial SpA in those with chronic back pain. Trial registration number: NCT00328068.
Learning Succinct Models: Pipelined Compression with L1-Regularization, Hashing, Elias-Fano Indices, and Quantization

The recent proliferation of smart devices necessitates methods to learn small-sized models. This paper demonstrates that if there are m features in total but only n = o(\sqrt{m}) features are required to distinguish examples, with \Omega(\log m) training examples and reasonable settings, it is possible to obtain a good model in a succinct representation using n \log_2 \frac{m}{n} + o(m) bits, by using a pipeline of existing compression methods: L1-regularized logistic regression, feature hashing, Elias–Fano indices, and randomized quantization. An experiment shows that a noun phrase chunking task for which an existing library requires 27 megabytes can be compressed to less than 13 kilobytes without notable loss of accuracy.
Developing challenging young people: Honouring their authentic story

Worldwide, a multitude of adventure-based outdoor programmes exist that are designed to develop „challenging‟ young people. Recently, Aotearoa/ New Zealand has seen a resurgence of interest from central government in implementing programmes for such young people that draw on military models of practise. The philosophy and format of adventure therapy programmes implemented by St John of God Waipuna in Otautahi/Christchurch Aotearoa/ New Zealand present a strong contrast to these military-style programmes. Evaluation of these programmes suggests that if adventurebased programmes are to be effective in developing young people and sustaining change, they must focus on developing all aspects of the young person. This approach is grounded in building respectful and meaningful relationships among everyone involved with the programme, and that approach, in turn, is predicated on power sharing and taking responsibility for oneself. The over-arching aim is to give young people a sense of ownership. This is achieved by an intentional shift throughout the programme from dependence, through independence and on to interdependence. The paper interweaves consideration of these aspects, especially in terms of how they have informed the design and delivery of the Waipuna programmes, with various models of personal development and leadership, along with the self-reported narrative of a young person involved in one of these programmes.
Evaluation of emergency extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for obstructing ureteral stones.

PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for ureteral calculi during acute renal colic. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2002 to March 2007, 108 patients were treated by ESWL for obstructing ureteral stones causing acute renal colic. ESWL was performed within 24 hours of the onset of renal colic. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 39.5 years (11-72 years). Male/female ratio was 85/23. Mean stone size was 8.45 mm (4-20 mm). They were located in the pelvic (n = 53), iliac (n = 28) or lumbar (n = 27) region. Fragmentation after a single session was complete in 56 patients (52%), incomplete in 28 (26%), and absent in 24 (22%). Patients presenting incomplete fragmentation underwent a second (n = 28) or even a third session (n = 11). Of the 24 patients in whom ESWL had no impact on the stone, 21 underwent ureteroscopy, and in one case open ureterolithotomy for a patient with a hard 17 mm stone, while spontaneous passage occurred in two patients with small stones. CONCLUSION Emergency ESWL for obstructing ureteral stones has a satisfactory success rate and very low morbidity. The stone-free rate of retreating ureteral calculi with ESWL decreases significantly after failed initial treatment. Stone size may be the main predictive factor for retreatment. We suggest that no more than 3 treatments should be given for a particular stone due to minimal improvement in the subsequent cumulative treatment success rate.
Proverbial Economies

An evaluative contrast between learned expertise and lay knowledge is a pervasive and longstanding feature of modern culture. Occasionally, the learned have pointed to folkish proverbs to illustrate the inadequacies of common-sense reasoning and judgement. Proverbs are said perspicuously to display the superficiality, the imprecision, and even the logical contradictions of common-sense thinking. I offer an interpretation of proverbs in their naturally occurring settings as epistemically powerful, mnemonically robust, practically pertinent, and referentially flexible. My purpose is not just to recuperate the value of proverbial reasoning but, ultimately, to show the relevance of such reasoning to a revised appreciation of modern technical practices, including science, technology and medicine. To that end, the paper concludes with some speculative remarks about the linguistic forms in which the heuristics of present-day technical practices are expressed and transmitted.
Hospitalization, restricted activity, and the development of disability among older persons.

CONTEXT Preventing the development of disability in activities of daily living is an important goal in older adults, yet relatively little is known about the disabling process. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between 2 types of intervening events (hospitalization and restricted activity) and the development of disability and to determine whether this relationship is modified by the presence of physical frailty. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective cohort study, conducted in the general community in greater New Haven, Conn, from March 1998 to March 2003, of 754 persons aged 70 years or older, who were not disabled (ie, required no personal assistance) in 4 essential activities of daily living: bathing, dressing, walking inside the house, and transferring from a chair. Participants were categorized into 2 groups according to the presence of physical frailty (defined on the basis of slow gait speed) and were followed up with monthly telephone interviews for up to 5 years to ascertain exposure to intervening events and determine the occurrence of disability. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Disability, defined as the need for personal assistance in bathing, dressing, walking inside the house, or transferring from a chair. RESULTS During the 5-year follow-up period, disability developed among 417 (55.3%) participants, 372 (49.3%) were hospitalized and 600 (79.6%) had at least 1 episode of restricted activity. The multivariable hazard ratios for the development of disability were 61.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.0-78.0) within a month of hospitalization and 5.54 (95% CI, 4.27-7.19) within a month of restricted activity. Strong associations were observed for participants who were physically frail and those who were not physically frail. Hospital admissions for falls were most likely to lead to disability. Intervening events occurring more than a month prior to disability onset were not associated with the development of disability. The population-attributable fractions associated with new exposure to hospitalization and restricted activity, respectively, were 0.48 and 0.19; 0.40 and 0.20, respectively, for frail participants and 0.61 and 0.16, respectively, for nonfrail participants. CONCLUSIONS Illnesses and injuries leading to either hospitalization or restricted activity represent important sources of disability for older persons living in the community, regardless of the presence of physical frailty. These intervening events may be suitable targets for the prevention of disability.
Developing a Scale to Measure Backpackers’ Personal Development

Backpacking travel has become a global trend among young people. Despite the importance of personal development among the youth, research has rarely probed the construct of backpackers’ personal development (BPD). The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to measure backpackers’ personal development. The study developed 30 measurement items to construct a survey instrument. The instrument was then administered to collect data from a sample of 397 Chinese backpackers. Following a rigorous process of scale development, a five-dimension (Capability, Emotion, Worldview, Skill, and Self-consciousness) personal development model was identified. A refined scale consisting of 16 measurement items was finally derived meeting both reliability and validity requirements.
Indoor Navigation : a Framework of Combining BIM with 3 D GIS

Navigation, also called as finding one’s way, whether in real or electronic worlds, is a complex human activity (Burnett, Smith & May 2001). In recent years, Navigation has become a very active research area, especially in emergency response when an increasing number of disasters—such as fire, collapse, poison gas leakage, bombing, tsunami, etc.—are frequently reported with huge loss of life and assets(LI & ZHU 2008; Zhu, Li & Tor 2008). In such a condition, the significance of navigation is to reduce the number of injuries and deaths in hazards, by planning the possible evacuation alternatives in different hazard occurrence processes.
Alerta Empreendedor e as Abordagens Causation e Effectuation Sobre Empreendedorismo

According to Gartner (1985), to understand the dimensions and variables of entrepreneurship and how they relate to each other contributes to understanding the phenomenon of new venturing creation. Entrepreneurial alertness (Kirzner, 1997) explains how business opportunities are identified and contributes to the creation of new business. This study aimed to relate the level of entrepreneurial alertness to entrepreneurial approaches causation, consistent with the concept of planning and analysis, and effectuation, consistent with the exploitation of emerging opportunities in a non-predictive way, both presented by Sarasvathy (2001). As a specific objective, it intended to validate the entrepreneurial alertness scales developed by Tang, Kacmar and Busenitz (2012), and entrepreneurial approaches scales, developed by Chandler, Detienne, Mckelvie and Mumford (2011). The survey was realized with a sample of 123 entrepreneurs from various sectors who were participants of business associations. The scales were validated in terms of reliability and multidimensionality. The results present a positive relationship between entrepreneurial alertness and entrepreneurial approaches, especially in terms of causation. A quadratic nonlinear model was also identified in this relationship, indicating a middle point in which the relationship becomes reversed.
NF-κB-Dependent Assembly of an Enhanceosome-Like Complex on the Promoter Region of Apoptosis Inhibitor Bfl-1/A1

ABSTRACT Expression of the prosurvival Bcl-2 homologue Bfl-1/A1 is induced by NF-κB-activating stimuli, while B and T cells from c-rel knockout mice show an absolute defect in bfl-1/a1 gene activation. Here, we demonstrate NF-κB-dependent assembly of an enhanceosome-like complex on the promoter region of bfl-1. Binding of NF-κB subunit c-Rel to DNA nucleated the concerted binding of transcription factors AP-1 and C/EBPβ to the 5′-regulatory region of bfl-1. Optimal stability of the complex was dependent on proper orientation and phasing of the NF-κB site. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated that T-cell activation triggers in vivo binding of endogenous c-Rel, c-Jun, C/EBPβ, and HMG-IC to the bfl-1 regulatory region, coincident with selective recruitment of coactivators TAFII250 and p300, SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling factor component BRG-1, and basal transcription factors TATA-binding protein (TBP) and TFIIB, as well as hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4. These results highlight a critical role for NF-κB in bfl-1 transcription and point to the need for a complex and precise regulatory network to control bfl-1 expression. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of enhanceosome-mediated regulation of a cell death inhibitor.
Capturing Evolving Patterns for Ontology-based Web Mining

An ontology-based Web mining model tends to extract an ontology from user feedback and use it to search the right data from the Web to answer what users want. It is indubitable that we can obtain numerous discovered patterns using a Web mining model. However, some discovered patterns might include uncertainties when we extract them. Also user profiles are changeable. Therefore, the difficult issue is how to use and maintain the discovered patterns. This paper presents a theoretical framework for this issue, which consists of automatic ontology extraction, reasoning on the ontology and capturing evolving patterns. The experimental results show that all objectives we expect for the theoretical framework are achievable.
High Frequency of Mycobacterium bovis DNA in Colostra from Tuberculous Cattle Detected by Nested PCR

We evaluated by nested PCR reaction, different cow secretions from a herd with 48% of prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB), seeking to determine niches where Mycobacterium bovis could be found. Postmortem examination of 18 (75%) tuberculin reacting cows allowed demonstrates BTB‐compatible lesions in six, all of them PCR positives in milk and four in colostra samples. Our results showed that up to 62% of the colostra analysed contained M. bovis DNA, whereas only 18% of milk gave a positive reaction. Moreover, in bronchoalveolar lavages from cattle with compatible lesions in lungs or lymph nodes, where macrophages account up to 90% of cells, we did not find evidences of M. bovis. Altogether, these results suggest that differences in the anti‐bacterial capacity of bovine macrophages, dependent upon microenvironment and organ‐specific factors, exist. Alternatively, we hypothesize that hypoxic conditions that are encountered in mammary glands macrophages could induce M. bovis entrance into a ‘dormancy‐like’ state, and that the high number of colostra samples were M. bovis was detected, could be an indicator of reactivation during ‘peripartum’.
System Structure Analysis: Clustering with Data Bindings

This paper examines the use of cluster analysis as a tool for system modularization. Several clustering techniques are discussed and used on two medium-size systems and a group of small projects. The small projects are presented because they provide examples (that will fit into a paper) of certain types of phenomena. Data bindings between the routines of the system provide the basis for the bindings. It appears that the clustering of data bindings provides a meaningful view of system modularization.
Opinion mining on experience feedback: A case study on smartphones reviews

Through the development of electronic commerce, social media and collaborative media, the social commerce appeared. Social commerce, a subset of electronic commerce, is based on social interactions in order to buy and sell goods and services. Nowadays, before buying, people give more importance to the experience feedback they found on internet. However, it is difficult to get an overview of this experience feedback since it is scattered in many online resources, and buyers never have time to read many pages of comments. In this paper, we present an approach which grabs and analyzes experience feedback in order to publish a summary of opinions about a product. We develop this approach with a case study on smart phones and publish a dataset of thousands of comments on a wide range of smart phones. To summarize experience feedback, we use a linguistic appraisal model, based on appreciation, affect and judgement, and we set up an approach using methods and tools from the fields of natural language processing, opinion mining and sentiment analysis.
Cross-Language and Cross-Cultural Comparisons in Scale Translations

High fidelity translations of measurement instruments from one language to another are required for meaningful comparisons between and within cultures and language groups. Methods from Item Response Theory (IRT) were used to assess the degree to which a French Canadian translation of the Job Descriptive Index (JDI) (Smith, Kendall, & Hulin, 1969), a job satisfaction inventory, provided measurement equivalence across source and target languages and cultures. Data were collected using the translated instrument administered to Francophone Canadians. Responses to the English version of the JDI were also obtained from (1) Francophone Canadians, (2) Anglophone Canadians, and (3) English-speaking Americans. These data allow for multiple comparisons within each item and test different hypotheses about sources of nonequivalence in the translation; the roles of language and culture in item bias are examined independently. Interpretations for the patterns of bias displayed by some items are presented.
Challenges and Dilemmas in Implementing Random Assignment in Educational Research

In the contentious debate over the use of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in education research, little attention has been given to how methodological issues arise and/or are resolved in the implementation of random assignment. Following a review of the methodological-theoretical literature on RCTs and alternative research designs, this article analyzes qualitative and quantitative data on three years of random assignment in a multi-site literacy intervention for adolescents. Practical lessons are drawn about how researcher practices and learning by school staff contributed to random assignment compliance. Consideration of challenges encountered in implementing random assignment suggests that 1) researcher communication with program staff improves compliance, but may not overcome the need for learning through experience; 2) in keeping with arguments in favor of random assignment-based research, random assignment may control for diverse selection processes that would undermine valid treatment-control comparisons in some non-RCT research designs; and 3) in keeping with arguments against random assignment-based research, random assignment may lead to samples dissimilar to target populations. In concluding, the broader limitations of research that focus on a priori causes and quantifiable effects are noted.
Examining the Associations Among Attachment, Affective State, and Romantic Relationship Quality

This study examined the direct and indirect associations between insecure attachment patterns (avoidant and anxious) and affective state (positive and negative) on romantic relationship quality with a sample of 572 individuals involved in a romantic relationship. Results from structural equation model analyses indicated a negative direct association between insecure attachment patterns and romantic relationship quality as well as positive affective state. Thus, insecure attachment behavioral patterns were associated with reduced romantic relationship quality and positive emotions. Positive direct associations were found between positive affective state and romantic relationship quality; thus, positive emotions were associated with greater perceived romantic relationship quality. A positive direct association was also observed between anxious attachment patterns and negative affective state; thus, negative emotions were associated with the insecure, anxious attachment behavioral patterns. Application of the findings lends to the importance of emotion-focused intervention in clinical practice.
Multidimensional Journal Evaluation - Analyzing Scientific Periodicals beyond the Impact Factor

Scientific communication depends primarily on publishing in journals. The most important indicator to determine the influence of a journal is the Impact Factor. Since this factor only measures the average number of citations per article in a certain time window, it can be argued that it does not reflect the actual value of a periodical. This book defines five dimensions, which build a framework for a multidimensional method of journal evaluation. The author is winner of the Eugene Garfield Doctoral Dissertation Scholarship 2011.