Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imitation of aggression by Lebanese children.

Abstract The purpose of this research was to study the imitative behaviors of children who had been exposed to a protracted conflict situation in Beirut, Lebanon. Forty 5-year-old Arabic-speaking boys were randomly assigned to treatment conditions. Half the boys were highly aroused by rapidly performing physical exercises and the other half, less aroused by short and slow exercises. Half of each arousal group viewed either an aggressive or nonaggressive film. Following the film, the subjects were allowed to engage in free play. Measures of imitative behavior, aggressive behavior, attention to the film, pulse rate, and memory for film behaviors were obtained. The manipulation of physiological arousal produced no significant effects, but the film condition enhanced both total aggressive behaviors and novel aggressive behaviors for the aggressive film.
Optimization of Memory Usage in Tardos's Fingerprinting Codes

It is known that Tardos's collusion-secure probabilistic fingerprinting code (Tardos code; STOC'03) has length of theoretically minimal order with respect to the number of colluding users. However, Tardos code uses certain continuous probability distribution in codeword generation, which creates some problems for practical use, in particular, it requires large extra memory. A solution proposed so far is to use some finite probability distributions instead. In this paper, we determine the optimal finite distribution in order to decrease extra memory amount. By our result, the extra memory is reduced to 1/32 of the original, or even becomes needless, in some practical setting. Moreover, the code length is also reduced, e.g. to about 20.6% of Tardos code asymptotically. Finally, we address some other practical issues such as approximation errors which are inevitable in any real implementation.
Quantitative aspects of insect nutrition.

The small size of insects, correlated with high food-consumption, growth, and metabolic rates, makes possible their high efficiency of food-utilization, short life cycles, high biotic potential, and rapid genetic adaptation and speciation. Most of the qualitative nutritional requirements are known for many insect species; many essential nutrients are provided by microbial symbiotes. Recent studies in quantitative nutrition make possible more detailed analysis of the utilization of food, of the kinetics of growth and metabolism in intact animals, and of the controlling mechanisms in the animal-food interaction.
Improving the Mapping of Smith-Waterman Sequence Database Searches onto CUDA-Enabled GPUs

Sequence alignment lies at heart of the bioinformatics. The Smith-Waterman algorithm is one of the key sequence search algorithms and has gained popularity due to improved implementations and rapidly increasing compute power. Recently, the Smith-Waterman algorithm has been successfully mapped onto the emerging general-purpose graphics processing units (GPUs). In this paper, we focused on how to improve the mapping, especially for short query sequences, by better usage of shared memory. We performed and evaluated the proposed method on two different platforms (Tesla C1060 and Tesla K20) and compared it with two classic methods in CUDASW++. Further, the performance on different numbers of threads and blocks has been analyzed. The results showed that the proposed method significantly improves Smith-Waterman algorithm on CUDA-enabled GPUs in proper allocation of block and thread numbers.
Perception of Syntagmatic Tone Intervals in Ìgbò and Yorùbá

This paper revisits the syntagmatic model of tone to see what perception has to say. We asked the question: Is word identification possible based on syntagmatic (relative) pitch information? Listeners were asked to identify words from a minimal pair without the context necessary for making paradigmatic (associative) judgments. 1409 Nigerian university students, staff and faculty responded to one of two parallel studies, one for Ìgbò and one for Yorùbá. The results suggest that word identification is closely tied to STI direction (+ 0 –) in Niger-Congo A tone languages. There is also evidence for a cross-language minimum STI distance of +1 or –2 semitones to leave a tone level and enter an adjacent tone level. Word identification based on STI magnitude alone (e.g. HM v. HL) is weaker. Paradigmatic features may be needed to differentiate homophones with HM and HL tone. This is consistent with recent findings by other researchers outside of the context of tone languages that suggest perceiving direction is automatic while judging magnitude is a higher level process [16]. In general, judging unidimensional magnitude is hard [17].
Zooming in - Zooming out - using iPad video diaries in ethnographic educational research

This paper presents the use of video diaries in ethnographic educational research among nursing students in Denmark. It is based on the researcher’s experiences from an ongoing ethnographic study focusing on the student perspective of being enrolled in a class following an experimental educational model. The paper presents video diaries as a way of generating qualitative data, reflects on the ethical strategies and dilemmas of using video diaries and illuminates the possibilities of allowing students to state their voices when and where they choose.
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF EFFICIENT WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER LINKS FOR IMPLANTABLE BIOTELEMETRY

Wireless power transmission is a technique that converts energy from radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic (EM) waves into DC voltage, which has been used here for the purpose of providing a power supply to bio–implantable batteryless sensors. The main constraints of the design are to achieve the minimum power required by the application, by still keeping the implant size small enough for the living subject’s body. Resonance–based inductive coupling is a method being actively researched for the use in this type of power transmission, which uses two pairs of inductor coils in the external and implant circuits. In this work, we have employed the resonance–based inductive coupling technique in order to develop a design and optimization procedure for the inductors. We have designed two systems with different configurations, and have achieved power transfer efficiencies of around 80% at a coil distance of 50mm for both systems. We have also optimized the power delivered to the load (implant) and developed a power harvesting unit. Misalignment issues due to the subject’s movements have been modeled for calculating the worst–case alignment, and finite element modeling of the inductors has been performed.
Antioxidant properties of Indian medicinal plants

The antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of 12 Indian medicinal plants, traditionally used in disease areas that probably involve free radical mechanisms, were evaluated by two methods, namely the DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl hydrazyl) test and the lipid peroxidation assay. In the latter assay, seven of these extracts showed 90% or more activity compared with the standard, vitamin E and hence were studied in detail after the removal of interfering pigments. The selective pigment removal from the extracts led to an increase in free radical scavenging activity and a decrease in inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling knowledge discovery in financial forecasting

Knowledge discovery in financial databases has important implications. Decision making process on financial datasets is known to be difficult because of the complex knowledge domain and specific statistical characteristics of the data. In this paper, we investigate the decision making problem on financial datasets such as stock market fluctuations by means of financial ratio measurements while maintaining the interpretable results based on the association rules discovered. We approach this problem by considering different categories of financial ratios as input to the Rough Set model. A stepwise forecasting procedure is presented together with experimental results. The contribution of the paper is that we have successfully applied the static data mining techniques to the important financial domain and made a user friendly model that benefits individual investors in making investment decisions. We also discuss the extensions to embed the analysis and forecasting model into real time Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) systems.
Region-Based May-Happen-in-Parallel Analysis for C Programs

The C programming language continues to play an essential role in the development of system software. May-Happen-in-Parallel (MHP) analysis is the basis of many other analyses and optimisations for concurrent programs. Existing MHP analyses that work well for programming languages such as X10 are often not effective for C (with Pthreads). This paper presents a new MHP algorithm for C that operates at the granularity of code regions rather than individual statements in a program. A flow-sensitive Happens-Before (HB) analysis is performed to account for fork-join semantics of pthreads on an interprocedural thread-sensitive control flow graph representation of a program, enabling the HB relations among its statements to be discovered. All the statements that share the same HB properties are then grouped into one region. As a result, computing the MHP information for all pairs of statements in a program is reduced to one of inferring the HB relations from among its regions. We have implemented our algorithm in LLVM-3.5. 0 and evaluated it using 14 programs from the SPLASH2 and PARSEC benchmark suites. Our preliminary results show that our approach is more precise than two existing MHP analyses yet computationally comparable with the fastest MHP analysis.
Hey, I'm over here - How can a robot attract people's attention?

This paper describes how sonar sensors can be used to recognize human movements. The robot distinguishes objects from humans by assuming that only people move by themselves. Two methods using either rules or hidden Markov models are described. The robot classifies different movements to provide a basis for judging if a person is interested in an interaction. A comparison of two experiment results is presented. The use of orienting cues by the robot in response to detected human movement for eliciting interaction is also studied.
Transformations: Thinking Through Feminism

With contributions from some of the most important current feminist thinkers, Transformations traces both the shifts in thinking that have allowed feminism to arrive at its present point, and the way that feminist agendas have progressed in line with wider social developments. A thorough reassessment of feminism's place in contemporary life, the authors engage in current debates as diverse as globalization, technoscience, embodiment and performativity, taking feminism in fresh directions, mapping new territory and suggesting alternative possibilities.
Subtyping and parametricity

We study the interaction of subtyping and parametricity. We describe a logic for a programming language with parametric polymorphism and subtyping. The logic supports the formal definition and use of relational parametricity. We give two models for it, and compare it with other formal systems for the same language. In particular we examine the "Penn interpretation" of subtyping as implicit coercion. without subtyping, parametricity yields, for example, an encoding of abstract types and of initial algebras, with the corresponding proof principles of simulation and induction. With subtyping, we obtain partially abstract types and certain initial order-sorted algebras, and may derive proof principles for them. <<ETX>>
Rumor Diffusion and Convergence during the 3.11 Earthquake: A Twitter Case Study

We focus on Internet rumors and present an empirical analysis and simulation results of their diffusion and convergence during emergencies. In particular, we study one rumor that appeared in the immediate aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, which later turned out to be misinformation. By investigating whole Japanese tweets that were sent one week after the quake, we show that one correction tweet, which originated from a city hall account, diffused enormously. We also demonstrate a stochastic agent-based model, which is inspired by contagion model of epidemics SIR, can reproduce observed rumor dynamics. Our model can estimate the rumor infection rate as well as the number of people who still believe in the rumor that cannot be observed directly. For applications, rumor diffusion sizes can be estimated in various scenarios by combining our model with the real data.
Ouabain-insensitive salt and water movements in duck red cells. II. Norepinephrine stimulation of sodium plus potassium cotransport

Catecholamines induce net salt and water movements in duck red cells incubated in isotonic solutions. The rate of this response is approximately three times greater than a comparable effect observed in 400 mosmol hypertonic solutions in the absence of hormone (W.F. Schmidt and T. J. McManus. 1977 a.J. Gen. Physiol. 70:59-79. Otherwise, these two systems share a great many similarities. In both cases, net water and salt movements have a marked dependence on external cation concentrations, are sensitive to furosemide and insensitive to ouabain, and allow the substitution of rubidium for external potassium. In the presence of ouabain, but the absence of external potassium (or rubidium), a furosemide-sensitive net extrusion of sodium against a large electrochemical gradient can be demonstrated. When norepinephrine-treated cells are incubated with ouabain and sufficient external sodium, the furosemide-sensitive, unidirectional influxes of both sodium and rubidium are half- maximally saturated at similar rubidium concentrations; with saturating external rubidium, the same fluxes are half-maximal at comparable levels of external sodium. In the absence of sodium, a catecholamine-stimulated, furosemide-sensitive influx of rubidium persists. In the absence of rubidium, a similar but smaller component of sodium influx can be seen. We interpret these results in terms of a cotransport model for sodium plus potassium which is activated by hypertonicity or norepinephrine. When either ion is absent from the incubation medium, the system promotes an exchange-diffusion type of movement of the co-ion into the cells. In the absence of external potassium, net movement of potassium out of the cell leads to a coupled extrusion of sodium against its electrochemical gradient.
2-Dimensional Wavelet pre-processing to extract IC-Pin information for disarrangement analysis

Due to higher processing power to cost ratio, it is now possible to replace the manual detection methods used in the IC (Integrated Circuit) industry by Image-processing based automated methods, to detect a broken pin of an IC connected on a PCB during manufacturing, which will make the process faster, easier and cheaper. In this paper an accurate and fast automatic detection method is used where the top view camera shots of PCBs are processed using advanced methods of 2-dimensional discrete wavelet pre-processing before applying edge-detection. Comparison with conventional edge detection methods such as Sobel, Prewitt and Canny edge detection without 2-D DWT is also performed.
Why Are There So Few Rickettsia conorii conorii-Infected Rhipicephalus sanguineus Ticks in the Wild?

Background Rickettsia conorii conorii is the etiological agent of Mediterranean spotted fever, which is transmitted by the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The relationship between the Rickettsia and its tick vector are still poorly understood one century after the first description of this disease. Methodology/Principal Findings An entomological survey was organized in Algeria to collect ticks from the houses of patients with spotted fever signs. Colonies of R. conorii conorii-infected and non-infected ticks were established under laboratory conditions. Gimenez staining and electron microscopy on the ovaries of infected ticks indicated heavy rickettsial infection. The transovarial transmission of R. conorii conorii in naturally infected Rh. sanguineus ticks was 100% at eleven generations, and the filial infection rate was up to 99% according to molecular analyses. No differences in life cycle duration were observed between infected and non-infected ticks held at 25°C, but the average weight of engorged females and eggs was significantly lower in infected ticks than in non-infected ticks. The eggs, larvae and unfed nymphs of infected and non-infected ticks could not tolerate low (4°C) or high (37°C) temperatures or long starvation periods. R. conorii conorii-infected engorged nymphs that were exposed to a low or high temperature for one month experienced higher mortality when they were transferred to 25°C than non-infected ticks after similar exposure. High mortality was observed in infected adults that were maintained for one month at a low or high temperature after tick-feeding on rabbits. Conclusion/Significance These preliminary results suggest that infected quiescent ticks may not survive the winter and may help explain the low prevalence of infected Rh. sanguineus in nature. Further investigations on the influence of extrinsic factors on diapaused R. conorii-infected and non-infected ticks are required.
E-Cadherin/β-Catenin Complex and the Epithelial Barrier

E-Cadherin/β-catenin complex plays an important role in maintaining epithelial integrity and disrupting this complex affect not only the adhesive repertoire of a cell, but also the Wnt-signaling pathway. Aberrant expression of the complex is associated with a wide variety of human malignancies and disorders of fibrosis resulting from epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These associations provide insights into the complexity that is likely responsible for the fibrosis/tumor suppressive action of E-cadherin/β-catenin.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication PrinciplesEnhanced M-Learning with cloud computing: The Bangladesh case

M-Learning is a learning model that blends wireless technology and mobile computing to educate the world. It is convenient in that it is accessible from virtually anywhere. However, it faces the challenges such as the high cost and lack of sufficient education resources. This paper presents a new M-learning architecture that is enhanced by cloud computing. Relying on this architecture, we can reach the huge number of students over diverse terrains in a timely and cost effective manner, by using the mobile technology as a supplement to the existing learning technologies. A new learning framework for Bangladesh is also described that makes use of mobile phones combined with cloud computing to achieve cost-effectiveness.
Citizenship Through Secondary History

Part I Contexts 1. Citizenship Education and Educational Policy 2. Citizenship Education and the Teaching and Learning of History Part II Curriculum Issues 3. Securing a Place for Citizenship Education in the History Department 4. Communitarianism and the Teaching of History: Community and Identity 5. Citizenship, Political Literacy and History 6. The Moral Dimensions of Promoting Citizenship Through the Teaching of History 7. History, Citizenship and Diversity 8. Teaching and Learning European Citizenship in History Lessons 9. The History Teacher and Global Citizenship 10. Slave, Subject and Citizen Part III Conclusions
Form and Content in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter: A Stylistic Study of Dimmesdale's Narrative Sentences

Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter (1850) is a unique work. Since the time of its publication, various papers have been published that deal with various aspects of Dimmesdale’s character from a literary point of view. The linguistic studies are almost lacking, although of the richness of Hawthorne’s language employed in the revelation of Dimmesdale’s character. From this point, emerges the importance of this stylistic study that sheds much light on the relationship between the diverse syntactic structures employed by Hawthorne in Dimmesdale’s character to create certain effects on the reader, and the revelation of the character as a whole. This study analyzes the basic stylistic features of Dimmesdale’s sentences via diverse grammatical structures, and appreciates the array of the writer’s grammatical choices that lead to the specific structure and eventually revelation of the character. The concentration will be on the writer’s use of parenthetical constituents as a stylistic feature in Dimmesdale’s narrative sentences. The parsing of the sentences that reveal Dimmesdale’s character follows the system used in Leech, Deuchar, and Hoogenraad (1982). This system is chosen to represent the framework of the grammatical analysis of the paper, because it provides not only a simplified method of analysis, but also a concise one. Breaking Dimmesdale’s narrative sentences into its grammatical components enable us to analyze each component alone, on its own terms, and understand how it fits together with other components. This increases our appreciation of the text as a whole (Thornborrow & Wareing, 1998). This paper reaches the conclusion that Hawthorne successfully employs different stylistic features, particularly the use of parenthetical structure, to reveal various aspects of Dimmesdale such as hypocrisy, suffering, and agony. These features are embedding (68%), retaining the most complex structure to the end of the sentence (47%), fronting of an element (39%), using periodic sentences (26%), using parenthetical constituent (30%), distancing structurally related items (20%), and other features that will be discussed in details in the paper.
On the Design and Applicability of Distance Functions in High-Dimensional Data Space

Effective distance functions in high dimensional data space are very important in solutions for many data mining problems. Recent research has shown that if the Pearson variation of the distance distribution converges to zero with increasing dimensionality, the distance function will become unstable (or meaningless) in high dimensional space, even with the commonly used Lp metric in the Euclidean space. This result has spawned many studies the along the same lines. However, the necessary condition for unstability of a distance function, which is required for function design, remains unknown. In this paper, we shall prove that several important conditions are in fact equivalent to unstability. Based on these theoretical results, we employ some effective and valid indices for testing the stability of a distance function. In addition, this theoretical analysis inspires us that unstable phenomena are rooted in variation of the distance distribution. To demonstrate the theoretical results, we design a meaningful distance function, called the shrinkage-divergence proximity (SDP), based on a given distance function. It is shown empirically that the SDP significantly outperforms other measures in terms of stability in high dimensional data space, and is thus more suitable for distance-based clustering applications.