Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An analysis of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Eucommia ulmoides using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Scientific approaches to conservation of threatened species depend on a good understanding of the genetic information of wild and artificial population. The genetic diversity and structure analysis of 10 Eucommia ulmoides population was analyzed using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers in this paper. A low genetic diversity at the population level (PPB=36.99%) and a high genetic diversity at the species level (PPB=85.54%) were revealed. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) also detected a significant differentiation among the populations. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) clustered the 10 population into 3 groups, and no significant correlation was found between the genetic distance and the corresponding geographic distance among the populations, which is consistent with the results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). The genetic variation between the artificial and wild populations revealed a decreased genetic diversity and aggravated genetic differentiation in the artificial populations. A conservation strategy of Eucommia ulmoides is discussed based on the information of the population genetic structure and variation. Key words : Eucommia ulmoides , inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), genetic diversity, genetic structure, conservation.
Directed exploration of policy space using support vector classifiers

Good policies in reinforcement learning problems typically exhibit significant structure. Several recent learning approaches based on the approximate policy iteration scheme suggest the use of classifiers for capturing this structure and representing policies compactly. Nevertheless, the space of possible policies, even under such structured representations, is huge and needs to be explored carefully to avoid computationally expensive simulations (rollouts) needed to probe the improved policy and obtain training samples at various points over the state space. Regarding rollouts as a scarce resource, we propose a method for directed exploration of policy space using support vector classifiers. We use a collection of binary support vector classifiers to represent policies, whereby each of these classifiers corresponds to a single action and captures the parts of the state space where this action dominates over the other actions. After an initial training phase with rollouts uniformly distributed over the entire state space, we use the support vectors of the classifiers to identify the critical parts of the state space with boundaries between different action choices in the represented policy. The policy is subsequently improved by probing the state space only at points around the support vectors that are distributed perpendicularly to the separating border. This directed focus on critical parts of the state space iteratively leads to the gradual refinement and improvement of the underlying policy and delivers excellent control policies in only a few iterations with a conservative use of rollouts. We demonstrate the proposed approach on three standard reinforcement learning domains: inverted pendulum, mountain car, and acrobot.
Chronic β-Cell Depolarization Impairs β-Cell Identity by Disrupting a Network of Ca2+-Regulated Genes

We used mice lacking Abcc8, a key component of the β-cell KATP-channel, to analyze the effects of a sustained elevation in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) on β-cell identity and gene expression. Lineage tracing analysis revealed the conversion of β-cells lacking Abcc8 into pancreatic polypeptide cells but not to α- or δ-cells. RNA-sequencing analysis of FACS-purified Abcc8−/− β-cells confirmed an increase in Ppy gene expression and revealed altered expression of more than 4,200 genes, many of which are involved in Ca2+ signaling, the maintenance of β-cell identity, and cell adhesion. The expression of S100a6 and S100a4, two highly upregulated genes, is closely correlated with membrane depolarization, suggesting their use as markers for an increase in [Ca2+]i. Moreover, a bioinformatics analysis predicts that many of the dysregulated genes are regulated by common transcription factors, one of which, Ascl1, was confirmed to be directly controlled by Ca2+ influx in β-cells. Interestingly, among the upregulated genes is Aldh1a3, a putative marker of β-cell dedifferentiation, and other genes associated with β-cell failure. Taken together, our results suggest that chronically elevated β-cell [Ca2+]i in Abcc8−/− islets contributes to the alteration of β-cell identity, islet cell numbers and morphology, and gene expression by disrupting a network of Ca2+-regulated genes.
RECONSTITUTION OF ACTIVE TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS FROM ITS INACTIVE PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACID COMPONENTS.

and the unknoWns to all others. This gave consistently 0.0 lesions with the components used in virus reconstitution, except when the nucleic acid was applied at 200 jog. /ml. , twenty times the amount present at the highest assay level of the reconstituted virus (0.3 lesions per half-leaf). 10 Kindly supplied by Dr. S. S. Cohen and Dr. V. Cosentino. 11 R. C. Williams, R. C. Backus, and R. L. Steere, J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 73, 2062, 1951.
Histopathology in erythroderma: review of a series of cases by multiple observers

This study examines the utility of objective histopathological studies in the evaluation of adult patients with erythroderma. A series of 56 skin biopsies, from 40 erythrodermic patients, was reviewed sequentially by 4 Canadian dermatopathologists who were unaware of clinical details of the cases. The final diagnosis (gold standard), in each instance, had already been determined by others, based on clinicopathologic data and response to therapy. Direct comparison revealed that the mean accuracy of I he histopathological diagnoses was 53% (range: 48‐(i6%). a favorable result in view of the difficulty of the task at hand. Additional points of information which evolved from the study are as follows: (i) identification, by microscopy alone, of spongiolic dermatitis, cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma and psoriasis, as underlying causes of eryihroderma was more successful than that of drug eruptions and pilyriasis rulira pilaris; (ii) the1 epidermotropism which characterizes cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma may be mistaken for inflammatory interface changes seen in drug eruptions and vice versa, thus constituting a pitfall in diagnosis; (iii) finally, it appears dial submission of multiple simultaneous biopsies, rather than a single specimen, from patients with erythroderma would be likely to enhance the accuracy of histopathological diagnosis.
Photoswitch-Controlled Class E RF Power Amplifier

Class E amplifier theoretical efficiency is 100%, but the practical results at 10 GHz are much lower. In this paper, we propose a Class E amplifier that uses a photoswitch as active device instead of a transistor. The photoswitch opening and closing is controlled by light pulses. We used Silvaco software to do simulations of such an amplifier. Using this design, our best simulated efficiency at 10 GHz is 62.5%
The evolution of forensic mental health services in Victoria, Australia: contributions of Professor Paul Mullen.

BACKGROUND This paper provides an overview of the development of forensic mental health services in Victoria, Australia, from the time that Paul Mullen was appointed Foundation Professor of Forensic Psychiatry at Monash University in 1992 until his retirement in 2009. AIM To provide a brief overview of the inpatient and outpatient service development within the Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health (Forensicare) as well as some of the research contributions he has made that have contributed to the development of novel specialised services including the Problem Behaviour Programme. CONCLUSIONS Although applied to the Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health, the factors that emerged as a result of his leadership serve as guidelines for the development of prestigious forensic mental health services anywhere.
Hacia un esquema integrado para el almacenamiento y análisis de información oceanográfica, ecológica y pesquera: sistema de información evaluación y ecología pesquera, SIEEP

El Sistema de Informacion Evaluacion y Ecologia Pesquera (SIEEP) surge como respuesta a la necesidad de contar con un esquema eficiente de almacenamiento, estandarizacion, validacion y recuperacion de la base informativa (biotica y abiotica) que permita desarrollar las aproximaciones integrales reclamadas por la comunidad cientifica para el estudio de los recursos pesqueros. Corresponde a una base de datos digital disenada en Microsoft® Access 2002. Posee un modelo relacional jerarquico para el almacenamiento de la informacion, conformado por tres componentes que incluyen varios modulos: catalogo anotado de documentos, informacion abiotica e informacion biotica. Esta diagramado con un sistema de interfases graficas de acceso intuitivo a traves del cual los usuarios pueden navegar por la aplicacion, ingresar datos, explorar la informacion almacenada, ejecutar consultas e informes que se visualizan en pantalla, se exportan en diversos formatos digitales o se imprimen. La compilacion de la informacion derivada de los estudios registrados en el Ecosistema de Afloramiento del Mar Caribe de Colombia desde 970, se constituye en la primera aplicacion del SIEEP. Se obtuvo una base informativa que supera los 250.000 registros y que sin duda ha de convertirse en un referente para investigaciones pesqueras en la region. El SIEEP permite almacenar informacion de utilidad para estrategias de analisis y manejo que consideran las pesquerias en el contexto del ecosistema en el que se desarrollan. Contribuciones con informacion e iniciativas para la actualizacion permanente del SIEEP seran bienvenidas.
A Language-independent Sense Clustering Approach for Enhanced WSD

We present a method for clustering word senses of a lexical-semantic resource by mapping them to those of another sense inventory. This is a promising way of reducing polysemy in sense inventories and consequently improving word sense disambiguation performance. In contrast to previous approaches, we use Dijkstra-WSA, a parameterizable alignment algorithm which is largely resource- and language-agnostic. To demonstrate this, we apply our technique to GermaNet, the German equivalent to WordNet. The GermaNet sense clusterings we induce through alignments to various collaboratively constructed resources achieve a significant boost in accuracy, even though our method is far less complex and less dependent on language-specific knowledge than past approaches.
Stiffness mapping for parallel manipulators

Mechanical systems containing closed-loop kinematic chains can exhibit special types of singularities that result in a loss of controllability of the element of interest (output link or gripper link). Therefore, it is very important for the designer to be able to predict this type of behavior. The approach used by the author is to establish stiffness or conditioning maps of the workspace of the manipulator. A method for obtaining these maps for planar and spatial parallel manipulators is presented. The maps reveal the existence of zones where the stiffness is not acceptable and also help the designer by providing a more accurate representation of the properties of the manipulator. >
Cointegration, Fractional Cointegration, and Exchange Rate Dynamics

Multivariate tests due to Soren Johansen, as implemented by Richard T. Baillie and Tim Bollerslev (1989) and Francis X. Diebold, Javier Gardeazabal, and Kamil Yilmaz (1994), reveal mixed evidence on whether a group of exchange rates are cointegrated. Further analysis of the deviations from the cointegrating relationship suggests that it possesses long memory and may possibly be well described as a fractionally integrated process. Hence, the influence of shocks to the equilibrium exchange rates may only vanish at very long horizons. Copyright 1994 by American Finance Association.
Physiotherapy students’ self-reported assessment of professional behaviours and skills while working with young people with disability

Abstract Purpose: To quantify self-reported changes in student professional behaviours and skills after a 10-week community-based experience. Method: Twenty-eight physiotherapy students (22 women, 6 men; mean age 21.9 years, SD 2.9) were each matched with a young person with Down syndrome, who was randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. The intervention group completed a 10-week, twice a week progressive resistance training (PRT) programme. The control group completed a 10-week, once a week social programme. Before and after the experience, the students completed a self-reported assessment of their skills in prescribing and supervising PRT, professional behaviours, confidence and the likelihood they would work with people with intellectual disability in the future. Between-group differences were analysed using analysis of covariance with baseline measures as covariate. Results: There were between-group differences for 7 items rating skills implementing PRT, in favour of the intervention group, but not for any other outcome. Across both groups, students self-reported positive changes in their professional behaviours, confidence and the likelihood they would work with people with intellectual disability after the programme. Conclusions: A 10-week community-based experience produced changes in physiotherapy student professional behaviours. Students who completed the exercise programme self-reported an improvement in their professional skills relating to PRT. Implications for Rehabilitation Community-based experiences working with young people with disability offer physiotherapy students the opportunity to development their professional behaviours, skills and confidence. Students who completed a 10-week experience working with a young person with Down syndrome reported they were more likely to work with people with intellectual disability in the future. Improvements in the students’ skills in delivering progressive resistance training were only found for the students who completed an experience that included an exercise intervention.
A New Family of Inhibitors of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Thymidine Monophosphate Kinase

Tuberculosis (TB) ranks among the leading causes of death worldwide from a single infectious agent, particularly in developing countries. The emergence of multidrug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the unfortunate revival of TB due to HIV infection have rendered the quest for new antimycobacterial drugs against TB a priority. We currently are studying thymidine monophosphate kinase of M. tuberculosis (TMPKmt) as a potential target for developing new antituberculosis agents. [1] TMPK catalyzes the transfer of γ -phosphate from ATP to dTMP. TMPK is the last specific enzyme for the synthesis of dTTP and it represents a key enzyme in its metabolism. Biochemical and structural characterization of M. tuberculosis TMPK (TMPKmt) revealed distinct features when compared to its counterpart from yeast, E. coli and human (TMPKh). [1−3] As a part of our ongoing program to design inhibitors of TMPKmt. [4−7] we applied a new fragment-based algorithm called LEA3D to the dTMP binding site of TMPKmt with the aim to generate new ligand families. [8] Molecule (1), thus, was identified as a potential inhibitor of TMPKmt, the benzyl ring acting as a substitute for the sugar part of dTMP (Figure 1). The target amide 1, as well as the carboxylic acid derivative 2, were synthesized. The evaluation of their inhibitory potency (Ki) on recombinant TMPKmt
Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin combination chemotherapy for metastatic well‐differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas

Beyond the usual regimens based on streptozocin and doxorubicin or 5‐fluorouracil, no second‐line therapy of metastatic neuroendocrine tumor has gained wide acceptance. Gemcitabine and oxaliplatin are generally well tolerated and have shown activity against a wide range of malignancies. The authors assessed the efficacy of gemcitabine‐oxaliplatin combination (GEMOX) in the treatment of patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.
A Measure of Individual Sense of Competence

A paper-and-pencil instrument to measure an individual's “sense of competence” or his basic psychological feelings of confidence and competence resulting from mastery of his environment is developed in this research. The content validity of the instrument is demonstrated based on the interpretation of four factors extracted from factor analysis and the subsequent analytic oblique solution. The predictive validity of the instrument is strongly supported by two separate studies conducted by two different groups of researchers. Internal reliability is also tested and found to be satisfactory. Finally, the implications of the new instrument for future research, especially in organizational and work settings, are discussed.
Numerical Proportion Representation: A Neurocomputational Account

Proportion representation is an emerging subdomain in numerical cognition. However, its nature and its correlation with simple number representation remain elusive, especially at the theoretical level. To fill this gap, we propose a gain-field model of proportion representation to shed light on the neural and computational basis of proportion representation. The model is based on two well-supported neuroscientific findings. The first, gain modulation, is a general mechanism for information integration in the brain; the second relevant finding is how simple quantity is neurally represented. Based on these principles, the model accounts for recent relevant proportion representation data at both behavioral and neural levels. The model further addresses two key computational problems for the cognitive processing of proportions: invariance and generalization. Finally, the model provides pointers for future empirical testing.
Changes in Gastroduodenal 5-Hydroxytryptamine-Containing Cells Induced by Dehydroleucodine

In previous work, we demonstrated that dehydroleucodine (DhL), a lactone isolated from Artemisia douglasiana Besser, prevents gastroduodenal damage induced by absolute ethanol (EtOH). The present study examined the effects of DhL – applied alone or before EtOH – on gastroduodenal cells containing 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), to clarify the mechanism of action of the drug. Mice were divided into four groups: (I) control; (II) DhL; (III) EtOH, and (IV) DhL + EtOH. Stomachs and duodena were studied by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. EtOH decreased the immunopositive cell number and the area occupied by these cells. This effect was prevented by DhL. DhL alone did not affect the gastric immunopositive cell number and area. Duodena treated only with DhL exhibited a reduction of immunopositive cell number, but no change in area was observed. We propose that the drug probably inhibits the release of the inflammatory mediator 5-HT from endocrine cells, acting as a ‘cell stabilizer’ in response to injury.
Expression of simian virus 40 T antigen in Escherichia coli: localization of T-antigen origin DNA-binding domain to within 129 amino acids

The genomic coding sequence of the large T antigen of simian virus 40 (SV40) was cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector by joining new restriction sites, BglII and BamHI, introduced at the intron boundaries of the gene. Full-length large T antigen, as well as deletion and amino acid substitution mutants, were inducibly expressed from the lac promoter of pUC9, albeit with different efficiencies and protein stabilities. Specific interaction with SV40 origin DNA was detected for full-length T antigen and certain mutants. Deletion mutants lacking T-antigen residues 1 to 130 and 260 to 708 retained specific origin-binding activity, demonstrating that the region between residues 131 and 259 must carry the essential binding domain for DNA-binding sites I and II. A sequence between residues 302 and 320 homologous to a metal-binding "finger" motif is therefore not required for origin-specific binding. However, substitution of serine for either of two cysteine residues in this motif caused a dramatic decrease in origin DNA-binding activity. This region, as well as other regions of the full-length protein, may thus be involved in stabilizing the DNA-binding domain and altering its preference for binding to site I or site II DNA.
Fault coverage and resource analysis for diverse structures of clock TSV fault-tolerant units in 3D ICs

In TSV (Through-Silicon-Via) based 3D ICs, synthesizing 3D clock tree is one of the most challenging tasks. Since the clock signal is delivered to clock sinks (e.g., latches, FFs) through TSVs, any fault on a TSV in the clock tree causes a chip failure. Therefore, ensuring the reliability of clock TSVs is highly important. Instead of the naive solution using double-TSV technique, which demands significant area overhead because of the large size of TSV, a structure called TSV fault-tolerant unit is proposed to provide TSV fault tolerance with minimum area overhead. In this work, we analyze a set of diverse structures of clock TSV fault-tolerant units which include not only the existing ones but also possible variants we devised, with respect to the TSV fault coverage and resource overhead such as additional TSVs, gates, and wires required. Our analysis results can be used usefully to provide designers with a guideline on the selection of TSV fault-tolerant unit that is best suited for their 3D IC design objectives and constraints.
Fast prototyping of visual languages using local context-based specifications

In this paper we present a framework for the fast prototyping of visual languages exploiting their local context based specification. In previous research, the local context specification has been used as a weak form of syntactic specification to define when visual sentences are well formed. In this paper we add new features to the local context specification in order to fully specify complex visual languages such as entity-relationships, use case and class diagrams. One of the advantages of this technique is its simplicity of application and, to show this, we present a tool implementing our framework. Moreover, we describe a user study aimed at evaluating the satisfaction and effectiveness of users when prototyping a visual language.
PI Fuzzy Gain-Scheduling Speed Control at Startup of a Gas-Turbine Power Plant

Speed control during startup is one of the most critical tasks of gas turbine power plant operation. This paper introduces the PI fuzzy gain-scheduling (PI-FGS) controller to solve the foremost speed-control problems, including tracking of the acceleration pattern and rejection of disturbances caused by operation events throughout startup. Fundamentally, the PI-FGS synthesizes a GS controller from multiple locally tuned generalized proportional integral (PI) algorithms by means of a fuzzy system. The PI-FGS structure permits independent tuning of the tracking and rejection responses at any operating point. In addition, tuning can be carried out on-site based on the operator experience and inspection of the current plant response. Simulation experiments show that the PI-FGS may improve speed-control performance well over that provided by commercially available speed controllers, which are based on a single conventional PI algorithm.