Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Method for evaluating yield strength of laser weldments of maraging steels using hardness test

Abstract This paper describes a new method for predicting fracture location, joint efficiency and yield strength of laser weldments of Fe–Cr–Ni–Mo–Ti–Cu stainless maraging steel and 18 Ni maraging steel using hardness distribution analysis and incorporating Tabor’s relationship between hardness and yield strength for metallic materials. Fracture location of weldment can be determined by a parameter LF, hardness ratio of heat affected zone (HAZ) to fusion zone (FZ) or HAZ to parent material zone (PMZ). Whether or not the yield strength of weldments is improved as compared with as received material via various post-weld heat treatments can be estimated qualitatively by a parameter YI, hardness ratio of predicted fracture location to as received parent material. The yield strength of weldments is well predicted in as weld and heat treated conditions using hardness modeling, the maximum errors of predicted yield strength are 3·3 and 2·5% of measured yield strength for weldments of Fe–Cr–Ni–Mo–Ti–Cu and 18Ni maraging steels respectively. These results confirm the usefulness of the proposed method as engineering tool to predict yield strength of maraging steels laser weldments in different heat treated conditions without performing tensile tests, and to optimize post-weld heat treatments.
Dynamic solution agent algorithm for TSK-type interval-valued fuzzy system optimization

In this paper, a new heuristic learning algorithm, the modified water flow-like algorithm (MWFA), is proposed for TSK-type interval-valued fuzzy system (TIVFS) optimization. The water flow-like algorithm (WFA) is inspired by the natural behavior of water flows; the splitting, moving, merging, evaporation, and precipitation operations were developed for optimization. However, the original WFA is not valid for the continuous optimization problem. Therefore, some modifications, including some moving strategies, such as applying the tabu searching and gradient-descent techniques, are proposed to enhance the performance of MWFA. In addition, the modified strategies in evaporation and precipitation operations are more consistent with the natural behavior of water flows and they increase the diversity of solution agents. Finally, the MWFA is applied in the design of TIVFS for nonlinear system identification to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance.
C-type natriuretic peptide in individuals with normal left ventricular systolic function

Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate production or release of CNP in individuals without CHF. Methods. Nineteen patients with symptomatic paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) and normal left ventricular systolic function were enrolled into the study. Blood samples were collected from the coronary sinus (CS), the femoral artery (FA), and the peripheral vein (PV) before pacing, after rapid RA pacing, and post electrophysiological study (EPS) and/or radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Results. The CNP level in the CS, compared to FA and PV, was significantly higher before pacing (CS, 3.2±0.8; FA, 2.6±0.7; PV, 2.5±0.5 pg/ml; CS vs. either FA or PV, both p<0.001), after the pacing (CS, 3.2±1.3; FA, 2.4±0.6 pg/ml; p=0.004), and post the EPS and/or RF ablation (CS, 3.1±0.7; FA, 2.6±0.9; PV, 2.5±0.8 pg/ml; CS vs. either FA or PV, both p<0.01). Conclusion. The myocardium regularly produces or releases CNP in patients with normal LV systolic function. Brief periods of rapid RA pacing, PSVT, or EPS does not change the production and/or release.
Phylogenetic relationships of the HA and NA genes between vaccine and seasonal influenza A(H3N2) strains in Korea

Seasonal influenza is caused by two influenza A subtype (H1N1 and H3N2) and two influenza B lineage (Victoria and Yamagata) viruses. Of these antigenically distinct viruses, the H3N2 virus was consistently detected in substantial proportions in Korea during the 2010/11-2013/14 seasons when compared to the other viruses and appeared responsible for the influenza-like illness rate peak during the first half of the 2011/12 season. To further scrutinize possible causes for this, we investigated the evolutionary and serological relationships between the vaccine and Korean H3N2 strains during the 2011/12 season for the main antigenic determinants of influenza viruses, the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes. In the 2011/12 season, when the number of H3N2 cases peaked, the majority of the Korean strains did not belong to the HA clade of A/Perth/16/2009 vaccine, and no Korean strains were of this lineage in the NA segment. In a serological assay, post-vaccinated human sera exhibited much reduced hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers against the non-vaccine clade Korean H3N2 strains. Moreover, Korean strains harbored several amino acid differences in the HA antigenic sites and in the NA with respect to vaccine lineages during this season. Of these, the HA antigenic site C residues 45 and 261 and the NA residue 81 appeared to be the signatures of positive selection. In subsequent seasons, when H3N2 cases were lower, the HA and NA genes of vaccine and Korean strains were more phylogenetically related to each other. Combined, our results provide indirect support for using phylogenetic clustering patterns of the HA and possibly also the NA genes in the selection of vaccine viruses and the assessment of vaccine effectiveness.
Outlook of Preisach Modeling and Magnetic Non Destructive Testing

The Preisach formalism is used as a basis for a vector model of magnetic hysteresis in soft magnetic materials subject to tensile stress. The model uses as vector elementary hysteresis operator the Stoner-Wohlfarth mechanism of coherent rotation while the Preisach density is constructed as the weighed sum of probability density functions corresponding to the high and low induction regions. The model reproduces the basic phenomenology of stress-dependent hysteresis: the double peak in differential permeability modeled as the effect of internal demagnetizing fields emerging from residual stresses; the increase in coercivity due to increased pinning; the decrease in magnetic induction as the result of non-180o domain rotation. The role of the negative differential permeability near remanence and its derivative is discussed with respect to residual stresses and magnetic NDT.
Solving TSP using DARO

Salesperson Problem is finding a Hamiltonian cycle with minimum weight. The paper presents solution travelling salesperson problem with Genetic Algorithm. Dynamic allocation of reproduction operators and social disaster technique are used for generating the population and based on the convergence analysis of evaluation process. The method is demonstrated and found to be effective in the data set for the cities in the state of Maharashtra.
The University of Western AustraliaTechnical Report 94 / 6 October 1994 Approximate DiscountedDynamic Programming IsUnreliable

Popular reinforcement learning methods that employ generalising function approximators perform poorly in many domains. We analyse eeects of approximation error in domains with sparse rewards, revealing the extent of scaling diiculties. Empirical evidence is presented that suggests when problems are likely to occur and explains some of the widely diiering results reported in the literature.
A Novel Approach to Recognize Hand Movements Via sEMG Patterns

Electromyogram signal (EMG) is an electrical manifestation of contractions of muscles. surface EMG (sEMG) signal collected form surface of the skin has been used in diverse applications. One of its usages is exploiting it in a pattern recognition system which evaluates and synthesizes hand prosthesis movements. The ability of current prosthesis has been limited in simple opening and closing that decreases the efficacy of these devices in contrary to natural hand. In order to extend the ability and accuracy of prosthesis arm movements and performance, a novel approach for sEMG pattern recognizing system is proposed. In order to have a relevant comparison, present and recent research for designing similar systems was re-evaluated. In this study, we investigate time domain, time-frequency domain and combination of these as a representation of sEMG signal feature for accessing signal information. For pattern recognition of sEMG signals for various hand movements, two intelligent classifiers, namely artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy inference system (FIS) were utilized. The results indicate that using compound features with principle component analysis (PCA), dimensionality reduction technique and fuzzy technique for classifier produces the best performance for sEMG pattern recognition system.
Late Endosomal Cholesterol Accumulation Leads to Impaired Intra-Endosomal Trafficking

Background Pathological accumulation of cholesterol in late endosomes is observed in lysosomal storage diseases such as Niemann-Pick type C. We here analyzed the effects of cholesterol accumulation in NPC cells, or as phenocopied by the drug U18666A, on late endosomes membrane organization and dynamics. Methodology/Principal Findings Cholesterol accumulation did not lead to an increase in the raft to non-raft membrane ratio as anticipated. Strikingly, we observed a 2–3 fold increase in the size of the compartment. Most importantly, properties and dynamics of late endosomal intralumenal vesicles were altered as revealed by reduced late endosomal vacuolation induced by the mutant pore-forming toxin ASSP, reduced intoxication by the anthrax lethal toxin and inhibition of infection by the Vesicular Stomatitis Virus. Conclusions/Significance These results suggest that back fusion of intralumenal vesicles with the limiting membrane of late endosomes is dramatically perturbed upon cholesterol accumulation.
Temporalising Tractable Description Logics

It is known that for temporal languages, such as first-order LTL, reasoning about constant (time-independent) relations is almost always undecidable. This applies to temporal description logics as well: constant binary relations together with general concept subsumptions in combinations of LTL and the basic description logic ALC cause undecidability. In this paper, we explore temporal extensions of two recently introduced families of 'weak' description logics known as DL-Lite and EL. Our results are twofold: temporalisations of even rather expressive variants of DL-Lite turn out to be decidable, while the temporalisation of EL with general concept subsumptions and constant relations is undecidable.
Analysis of the Suspended H-Waveguide and Other Related Dielectric Waveguide Structures

Abstract : In this thesis, the field and propagation characteristics of many dielectric waveguide structures that are of direct importance to the areas of millimeter-wave integrated circuits are studied. A rigorous method of analysis of the propagation constants and the field distributions of a newly developed suspended H-waveguide based on the mode matching techniques is described. The derived eigenvalue equation for determining the propagation constant of this waveguide structure is very general and can be applied directly to other planar dielectric structures of rectangular cross section. However, for applications where only approximate values of the propagation constants are necessary, simple effective parameter approximations are employed. Even though the effective parameter approximations do not provide very accurate results for the propagation constants in some cases, they always provide useful information on the whereabouts and the existences of certain modes which, in turn, can be used as the initial values for iterating in the more rigorous mode matching technique. As frequency increases, the values obtained by the effective parameter technique approach those obtained by the mode matching method.
Semantics-driven modelling of user preferences for information retrieval in the biomedical domain

A large amount of biomedical and genomic data are currently available on the Internet. However, data are distributed into heterogeneous biological information sources, with little or even no organization. Semantic technologies provide a consistent and reliable basis with which to confront the challenges involved in the organization, manipulation and visualization of data and knowledge. One of the knowledge representation techniques used in semantic processing is the ontology, which is commonly defined as a formal and explicit specification of a shared conceptualization of a domain of interest. The work presented here introduces a set of interoperable algorithms that can use domain and ontological information to improve information-retrieval processes. This work presents an ontology-based information-retrieval system for the biomedical domain. This system, with which some experiments have been carried out that are described in this paper, is based on the use of domain ontologies for the creation and normalization of lightweight ontologies that represent user preferences in a determined domain in order to improve information-retrieval processes.
Dynamic heuristics for the generalized job-shop scheduling problem

This paper proposes to solve the generalized job-shop scheduling problem by using several original static and dynamic heuristics relying on the machines' potential load. We consider a generalized job-shop problem with unrelated parallel machines which can process the operations of the different jobs and, moreover, any precedence constraints between the operations are allowed. The objective is to minimize the completion date of all the jobs (makespan). This problem is NP-hard. Experimental results using various important randomly generated benchmarks are satisfactory and promising.
Simultaneous word segmentation from document images using recursive morphological closing transform

This paper describes a word segmentation algorithm which is based on the recursive morphological closing transform. The algorithm is trainable for any given document image population and is capable of detecting words on a document image simultaneously. We describe an experimental protocol to train and evaluate our word segmentation algorithm based on a set of layout ground-truthed document images. We also discussed a method to compare two sets of word bounding boxes-one from the ground truth and the other from the output of the word segmentation algorithm, and compute the numbers of miss, false, correct splitting, merging and spurious detections. The experimental results demonstrate that under the optimal algorithm parameter settings, the correct word detection percentage is about 95% on both the training and testing image populations. If this includes the splitting and merging detections, the detection percentage is about 99.4%.
A Compound TCP Approach for High-Speed and Long Distance Networks

Many applications require fast data transfer over high speed and long distance networks. However, standard TCP fails to fully utilize the network capacity due to the limitation in its conservative congestion control (CC) algorithm. Some works have been proposed to improve the connection 鈂s throughput by adopt- ing more aggressive loss-based CC algorithms. These algorithms, although can effectively improve the link utilization, have the weakness of poor RTT fairness. Further, they may severely de- crease the performance of regular TCP flows that traverse the same network path. On the other hand, pure delay-based ap- proaches that improve the throughput in high-speed networks may not work well when the traffic is mixed with both delay- based and greedy loss-based flows. In this paper, we propose a novel Compound TCP (CTCP) approach, which is a synergy of delay-based and loss-based approach. Specifically, we add a scal- able delay-based component into the standard TCP Reno conges- tion avoidance algorithm (a.k.a., the loss-based component). The sending rate of CTCP is controlled by both components. This new delay-based component can rapidly increase sending rate when network path is under utilized, but gracefully retreat in a busy network when bottleneck queue is built. Augmented with this delay-based component, CTCP provides very good bandwidth scalability with improved RTT fairness, and at the same time achieves good TCP-fairness, irrelevant to the windows size. We developed an analytical model of CTCP and implemented it on the Windows operating system. Our analysis and experiment results verify the properties of CTCP.
Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 Splice Variant: Potential Importance in Tobacco-Related Cancer Susceptibility

UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 2A1 is a respiratory and aerodigestive tract-expressing phase II detoxifying enzyme that metabolizes various xenobiotics including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the present study, a novel exon 3 deletion splice variant was identified for UGT2A1 (UGT2A1Δexon3). As determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), UGT2A1Δexon3 was shown to be expressed in various tissues including lung, trachea, larynx, tonsil, and colon. The ratio of UGT2A1Δexon3/wild-type UGT2A1 expression was highest in colon (0.79 ± 0.08) and lung (0.42 ± 0.12) as determined by real-time PCR; an antibody specific to UGT2A1 showed splice variant protein (UGT2A1_i2) to wild-type protein (UGT2A1_i1) ratios in the range of 0.5 to 0.9 in these tissues. Using ultra-pressure liquid chromatography, we found that homogenates prepared from UGT2A1_i2-overexpressing human embryonic kidney 293 cells exhibited no glucuronidation activity against PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol (B[a]P-7,8-diol). An inducible in vitro system was created to determine the effect of UGT2A1_i2 expression on UGT2A1_i1 activity. Increasing UGT2A1_i2 levels resulted in a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in the UGT2A1_i1 Vmax against 1-hydroxy (OH)-pyrene, 3-OH-benzo[a]pyrene, and B[a]P-7,8-diol; no significant changes in KM were observed for any of the three substrates. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments suggested the formation of UGT2A1_i1 and UGT2A1_i2 hetero-oligomers and UGT2A1_i1 homo-oligomers; coexpression of UGT2A1_i1 or UGT2A1_i2 with other UGT1A or UGT2B enzymes caused no change in UGT1A or UGT2B glucuronidation activity. These data suggest that a novel UGT2A1 splice variant regulates UGT2A1-mediated glucuronidation activity via UGT2A1-specific protein-protein interactions, and expression of this variant could play an important role in the detoxification of carcinogens within target tissues for tobacco carcinogenesis.
Comparison of Histidine‐Tryptophan‐Ketoglutarate and University of Wisconsin Preservation in Renal Transplantation

Histidine‐tryptophan‐ketoglutarate (HTK) is replacing University of Wisconsin (UW) solution as the preservation fluid for renal allografts in many centers, but recent large‐scale data to support this transition are lacking. We conducted a retrospective analysis of patient and graft outcomes after renal transplantation at our center, comparing 475 consecutive living donor and 317 deceased donor transplants since the adoption of HTK with equal numbers of grafts preserved using UW solution. Data collected included donor and recipient age, race, sex, comorbidities and graft ischemia time. Graft and patient survival, as well as the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), were studied by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. No significant difference was seen in either patient or graft survival. Deceased donor kidneys in the HTK group had a higher incidence of DGF than the UW cohort, whereas this trend was reversed in the case of living donor organs. In multivariate analysis, HTK was associated with a significant risk reduction on the incidence of DGF. Prolonged preservation with HTK compared to UW was not associated with excess risk to the graft or patient. In summary, HTK demonstrated efficacy similar to UW in terms of patient and graft survival.
Can standardised clinical examination of athletes with acute groin injuries predict the presence and location of MRI findings?

Background Little is known about the value of clinical examination in relation to diagnostic imaging for acute groin injuries in athletes. Primary aim: to investigate whether clinical examination tests predict a positive or negative MRI result (MRI±). Secondary aim: to assess accuracy of clinical tests to localise injury in MRI+ cases. Methods We consecutively included 81 male athletes with acute groin injuries. Standardised clinical examination (palpation, resistance and stretch tests) and MRI were performed within 7 days of injury. Diagnostic statistics including positive and negative predictive values (PPV/NPV) were calculated. Results 85 acute injuries were found on MRI in 64 (79%) athletes with 17 (21%) athletes having MRI− injuries. Palpation had the highest NPV (91–96%, (95% CI 69% to 99%)). 3 specific adductor examination tests (resisted outer range adduction, squeeze test with hip neutral and long lever, and passive adductor stretch) showed 80–81% (95% CI 63% to 91%) probability of an MRI+ adductor lesion when positive, all with high accuracy of a correct MRI location (PPV 93–97% (95% CI 76% to 100%)). Hip flexor tests showed poor ability to predict MRI+ lesions (PPV 34–63% (95% CI 20% to 84%)) and low accuracy (PPV 17–71% (95% CI 7% to 85%)). Conclusions 21% of athletes had negative imaging and the absence of palpation pain was best at predicting an MRI− result. Specific adductor examination tests accurately predicted MRI+ adductor injuries. Hip flexor clinical tests were poor at predicating and localising MRI+ injuries in the hip flexors. Clinical examination appears sufficient to diagnose acute adductor injuries, whereas MRI could assist in accurately locating acute hip flexor injuries.
A Scalable Collaborative Online System for City Reconstruction

Recent advances in Structure-from-Motion and Bundle Adjustment allow us to efficiently reconstruct large 3D scenes from millions of images. However, acquiring the imagery necessary to reconstruct a whole city and not only its landmark buildings still poses a tremendous problem. In this paper, we therefore present an online system for collaborative city reconstruction that is based on crowdsourcing the image acquisition. Employing publicly available building footprints to reconstruct individual blocks rather than the whole city at once enables our system to easily scale to large urban environments. In order to map all partial reconstructions into a single coordinate frame, we develop a robust alignment scheme that registers the individual point clouds to their corresponding footprints based on GPS coordinates. Our approach can handle noise and outliers in the GPS positions and allows us to detect wrong alignments caused by the typical issues in the context of crowdsourcing applications such as malicious or improper image uploads. Furthermore, we present an efficient rendering method to obtain dense and textured views of the resulting point clouds without requiring costly multi-view stereo methods.
Learning at Low False Positive Rates

Most spam filters are configured for use at a very low falsepositive rate. Typically, the filters are trained with techniques that optimize accuracy or entropy, rather than performance in this configuration. We describe two different techniques for optimizing for the low false-positive region. One method weights good data more than spam. The other method uses a two-stage technique of first finding data in the low false-positive region, and then learning using this subset. We show that with two different learning algorithms, logistic regression and Naive Bayes, we achieve substantial improvements, reducing missed spam by as much as 20% relative for logistic regression and 40% for Naive Bayes at the same low false-positive rate.