Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teacher leadership: toward a new conceptual framework

Purpose Conceptual ambiguity about the term “teacher leadership” has retarded development of useful research on this topic. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework that researchers might utilize to clarify key assumptions embedded in their use of the term “teacher leadership,” enabling members of this research community to better understand and build upon each other’s work and to develop a knowledge base on teacher leadership. Design/methodology/approach In 2016 a community of researchers convened in a conversation about their varied conceptions of teacher leadership. The authors analyzed documentation from this convening to identify key ways in which members’ conceptions of teacher leadership diverged. They then drew upon the teacher–leader research literature and their own experiences with teacher–leader initiatives to propose a conceptual framework that would support researchers to define teacher leadership in ways that meet established criteria for an empirically-useful concept. Findings Four dimensions of teacher leadership that should be referenced in an empirically-useful definition of teacher leadership are: legitimacy, support, objective and method. It is hypothesized that clarifying one’s assumptions about each of these dimensions and providing descriptive evidence of how they are instantiated will address the conceptual ambiguity that currently stymies the accumulation of knowledge in this field. Originality/value This paper presents a framework that can provide a strong foundation for the development of a knowledge base on teacher leadership, which is needed to inform education leaders’ efforts to maximize teachers’ leadership influence as asset for improving teaching, learning and schools.
Framing Islam/Creating Fear: An Analysis of U.S. Media Coverage of Terrorism from 2011–2016

Powell’s 2011 study of media coverage of 11 post-9/11 terrorist events argued that a thematic framing exists which results in a model of media coverage of terrorism that is different for acts of terror committed by Muslims than by non-Muslims. This pattern connects terrorism to Islam, thus creating a fear of the “other” and aids terrorists in achieving their goal of creating a climate of fear. This study examines the 11 terrorist events since the last study, between 2011 and 2016, to determine if any changes in media coverage of terrorism have occurred in a climate of increased awareness of Islamophobia.
Mobile phone spam image detection based on graph partitioning with Pyramid Histogram of Visual Words image descriptor

Image spams have been annoying users everywhere and it has also been increasingly appearing in mobile phones these days. In accordance with more sophisticated spam filtering system, spams are being more intelligent and have caused severe social problems. However, there has not been effective solution for detecting mobile phone spam images yet. Due to the insufficient spam image data in mobile phones, training the predictive model is quite hard. To resolve this issue, we recently proposed a phone spam image filtering system using e-mail spam images and showed that using e-mail spam data is fairly meaningful in improving the performance of phone spam image detection. In this paper, we further investigate the effectiveness of utilizing the graph structure in e-mail spam data. Furthermore, the classification performance behavior depending on different image descriptors of Pyramid Histogram of Visual Words (PHOW) and RGB histogram is explored extensively.
Moral Injury and PTSD as Mediators of the Associations Between Morally Injurious Experiences and Mental Health and Substance Use

The present study examined the degree to which morally injurious experiences (MIEs; i.e., atrocities of war, psychological consequences of war, and leadership failure/betrayal) and moral injury (i.e., guilt, shame, difficulties with forgiveness, and withdrawal associated with exposure to MIEs) were associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidality, hazardous alcohol use, and drug abuse symptoms. In addition, we examined moral injury and PTSD symptoms as mediators of the association between MIEs and these outcomes (exploratory model). Participants (n = 244) were a predominantly veterans community-based military sample. Our primary model (i.e., single mediation model) revealed that moral injury mediated associations between two MIEs (i.e., atrocities of war and leadership failure/betrayal) and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, hazardous alcohol use, and PTSD symptoms. However, our exploratory model (i.e., a dual simultaneous mediation model) revealed that moral injury was not significantly associated with any health outcomes after controlling for the effects of MIE dimensions and PTSD symptoms. Within this model, PTSD symptoms significantly mediated the effects of both atrocities of war MIEs and leadership failure/betrayal MIEs on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, suicidality, and hazardous alcohol use. Findings provide preliminary support for moral injury as a mechanism linking exposure to MIEs to both mental health and hazardous alcohol use. Taken together, moral injury appears to be an important target for intervention among combat military personnel.
Political framing across disciplines: Evidence from 21st-century experiments

Twenty-five years after Entman (1993) argued that the framing paradigm was fractured, debates about the value of framing as a theoretical concept are still ongoing. In particular, discussions focus on the use of: (a) equivalence frames (i.e., frames with logical equivalence such as gain and loss frames) versus emphasis frames (i.e., frames that emphasize different dimensions of an issue); and (b) generic frames (frames that are applicable to multiple issues) versus issue-specific frames (frames that are applicable to one issue only). We conducted a systematic review on the use of these frame types in 21st-century political-framing experiments (N = 372) to establish whether and how scholars’ positions in these debates have changed across disciplines and over time. Results demonstrate that emphasis frames are more popular than equivalence frames, and that a slight majority of frames are issue-specific rather than generic. Moreover, frame preferences differ across disciplines and have hardly changed over time. This study thus shows that debates about what types of frames should be studied have had little influence on scholars’ frame choices across disciplines in previous research on political framing.
Detection performance of cooperative spectrum sensing with hard decision fusion in fading channels

In this paper, we investigate the detection performance of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) using energy detector in several fading scenarios. The fading environments comprise relatively less-studied Hoyt and Weibull channels in addition to the conventional Rayleigh, Rician, Nakagami-m and log-normal shadowing channels. We have presented an analytical framework for evaluating different probabilities related to spectrum sensing, i.e. missed detection, false alarm and total error due to both of them, for all the fading/shadowing models mentioned. The major theoretical contribution is, however, the derivation of closed-form expressions for probability of detection. Based on our developed framework, we present performance results of CSS under various hard decision fusion strategies such as OR rule, AND rule and Majority rule. Effects of sensing channel signal-to-noise ratio, detection threshold, fusion rules, number of cooperating cognitive radios (CRs) and fading/shadowing parameters on the sensing performance have been illustrated. The performance improvement achieved with CSS over a single CR-based sensing is depicted in terms of total error probability. Further, an optimal threshold that minimises total error probability has been indicated for all the fading/shadowing channels.
Frequency domain linear prediction based on temporal analysis

Frequency-domain linear prediction (FDLP) is widely used in speech coding for modeling envelopes of transients signals, such as voiced and unvoiced stops, plosives, etc. FDLP fits an auto regressive model to the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of a sequence. The spectral prediction coefficients provide a parametric model of the temporal envelope. The prediction coefficients are obtained by solving the set of Yule-Walker equations expressing the relationship between lagged spectral autocorrelation values. A limitation of the direct approach of computing the spectral autocorrelation values is that the sequence has to be padded with a large number of zeros for the autocorrelation estimates to be reasonably accurate. This comes at the cost of increased computational complexity. We present an efficient and accurate method for computing the spectral autocorrelation samples. We show that the spectral autocorrelation can be computed as cosine-weighted temporal centroids, where the weighting function is dependent on time-index of the samples.
HOLA: a High-Order Lie Advection of Discrete Differential Forms With Applications in Fluid Dynamics

The Lie derivative, and Exterior Calculus in general, is ubiquitous in the elegant geometric interpretation of many dynamical systems. We extend recent trends towards a Discrete Exterior Calculus by introducing a discrete framework for the Lie derivative defined on differential forms, including a WENO based numerical scheme for its implementation. The usefulness of this operator is demonstrated through the advection of scalar and vector valued fields (arbitrary discrete k-forms) in a desirable intrinsic and metric independent fashion. Examples include Lie advection of fluid flow vorticity, and we conclude with a significant discussion on the conservative Lie advection of fluid mass density for robust free surface flows in computer graphics.
Molecular evolutionary phylogenetic trees based on minimum description length principle

Ever since the discovery of a molecular clock, many methods have been, developed to reconstruct the molecular evolutionary phylogenetic trees. We deal with this problem from the viewpoint of an inductive inference and apply J. Rissanen's (1986) minimum description length principle to extract the minimum complexity phylogenetic tree. Our method describes the complexity of molecular phylogenetic tree by three terms which are related to the tree topology, the sum of branch lengths and the difference between the model and the data measured by logarithmic likelihood. Five mitochondrial DNA sequences from human, common chimpanzee, pygmy chimpanzee, gorilla and orangutan are used for investigating the validity of this method. It is suggested that this method is superior to the traditional method in that it still shows good accuracy even near the root of phylogenetic trees. <<ETX>>
Economic Development of Origin-countries, Life-stage at Immigration, and Length of Residence Effects on Psychological Distress

This article reexamines the healthy immigrant effect in mental health—as measured by psychological distress—by incorporating the modifying roles of the level of economic development of origin-country and life-stage at arrival among a sample of immigrants to Toronto, Canada—as compared to the native-born. The analytic sample included 2,157 adults, of which 31 percent were immigrants. Multivariate results point to a healthy immigrant effect in distress, but only among immigrants from less developed origin-countries who migrated to Canada in mid-adulthood (between 25 and 34 years of age). Further, this health advantage deteriorates with increase in length of residence only among this group of migrants, in large part because of an increase in chronic stressors. Immigrants from more developed origin-countries do not experience a healthy immigrant effect, as compared to the native-born, nor an increase in distress with tenure in Canada, irrespective of the life-stage at immigration.
Hardware-Based Load Balancing for Massive Multicore Architectures Implementing Power Gating

Many-core architectures provide a computation platform with high execution throughput, enabling them to efficiently execute workloads with a significant degree of thread-level parallelism. The burstlike nature of these workloads allows large power savings by power gating the idle cores. In addition, the load balancing of threads to cores also impacts the power and thermal behavior of the processor. Processor implementations of many-core architectures may choose to group several cores into clusters sharing the area overhead, so that the whole cluster is power gated as opposed to the individual cores. However, the potential for power savings is reduced due to the coarser level of power gating. In this paper, several hardware-based stateless load-balancing schemes are evaluated for these clustered homogeneous multicore architectures in terms of their power and thermal behavior. All these methods can be unified into a parameterized technique that dynamically adjusts to obtain the desired goal (lower power, higher performance, and lower hotspot temperature).
Applying process capability analysis chart (PCAC) in measuring sewing machine quality

The purpose of this paper is to promote a case study on a professional manufacturer of sewing machine was studied in central Taiwan. The research will construct a process capability analysis chart (PCAC) to evaluate process capability for a multi-process produce based on Cpk. The PCAC method improvement a technique of Six Sigma was introduced in this research which has three phases. The first phase calculates the values which are Cpk in 6, 5, 4 and 3σ when the process means shifts by 1. 5σ; and then to construct PCAC in 6, 5, 4 and 3σ when the process means shifts by 1. 5σ in the second phase. Finally, the influential quality characteristics that need to be improved must be located by the PCAC method. This method will be used to measure the aforementioned arbour bearings of sewing machine. The measuring outcome follows that the quality level of orthogonal degree arrived 6σ. Not only can the PCAC model evaluate process capability for a product which holds many quality characteristics, but it can judge the process of precision and accuracy soon according to the points of fall for managers. Key words: Six sigma, process capability analysis chart, sewing machine.
Multi-modal optimisation using a localised surrogates assisted evolutionary algorithm

There has been a steady growth in interest in niching approaches within the evolutionary computation community, as an increasing number of real world problems are discovered that exhibit multi-modality of varying degrees of intensity (modes). It is often useful to locate and memorise the modes encountered - this is because the optimal decision parameter combinations discovered may not be feasible when moving from a mathematical model emulating the real problem to engineering an actual solution, or the model may be in error in some regions. As such a range of disparate modal solutions is of practical use. This paper investigates the use of a collection of localised surrogate models for niche/mode discovery, and analyses the performance of a novel evolutionary algorithm (EA) which embeds these surrogates into its search process. Results obtained are compared to the published performance of state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms developed for multi-modal problems. We find that using a collection of localised surrogates not only makes the problem tractable from a model-fitting viewpoint, it also produces competitive results with other EA approaches.
The Infant Monitor of vocal Production (IMP) normative study: Important foundations

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to establish a set of normative data (growth curve and centiles) for the Infant Monitor of vocal Production (IMP) using a representative population of infants with typically developing hearing. A linear mixed effect model and regression was used to derive ‘stage-for-age’ trajectory and growth centiles from the standard sequence of IMP assessment scores of 85 infants with normal hearing (age range 3–13 months). A significant linear relationship was demonstrated between IMP scores and infant age (p < .001). No significant relationship was found between IMP scores and gender, mono/bilingual language environment, singleton/sibling status, maternal education, or maternal work status. Inter-rater reliability and correlation for agreement was strong (0.94). These findings show that IMP assessment depicts the vocal development of infants with normal hearing as an hierarchical relationship between the complexity of infant vocal productions and infant age. Normative gains in vocal competency (−1SD/+1SD) approximated one IMP question per month of age from an infant’s baseline level of IMP achievement.
Non-Local versus Bilateral: Multi-adapting disparity map estimation framework

In this work, a new trend in the stereo field is adopted by introducing a hybrid local-global stereo matching techniques. This trend depends on adapting mechanism through a local and global stage. Locally, new adapting similarity measure with new Bilateral and Non-Local adaptive cost aggregation techniques are introduced. Globally, a new energy formulation for the stereo problem is presented in segment domain which tries to make the top benefit from the local stage. Experimental results on the Middlebury dataset demonstrate that our approach is effective in improving the state of the art in the stereo field.
Mutational Profiles Reveal an Aberrant TGF-β-CEA Regulated Pathway in Colon Adenomas

Mutational processes and signatures that drive early tumorigenesis are centrally important for early cancer prevention. Yet, to date, biomarkers and risk factors for polyps (adenomas) that inordinately and rapidly develop into colon cancer remain poorly defined. Here, we describe surprisingly high mutational profiles through whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis in 2 of 4 pairs of benign colorectal adenoma tissue samples. Unsupervised hierarchical clustered transcriptomic analysis of a further 7 pairs of adenomas reveals distinct mutational signatures regardless of adenoma size. Transitional single nucleotide substitutions of C:G>T:A predominate in the adenoma mutational spectrum. Strikingly, we observe mutations in the TGF-β pathway and CEA-associated genes in 4 out of 11 adenomas, overlapping with the Wnt pathway. Immunohistochemical labeling reveals a nearly 5-fold increase in CEA levels in 23% of adenoma samples with a concomitant loss of TGF-β signaling. We also define a functional role by which the CEA B3 domain interacts with TGFBR1, potentially inactivating the tumor suppressor function of TGF-β signaling. Our study uncovers diverse mutational processes underlying the transition from early adenoma to cancer. This has broad implications for biomarker-driven targeting of CEA/TGF-β in high-risk adenomas and may lead to early detection of aggressive adenoma to CRC progression.
DIRECT / INTEGRATED SENSOR ORIENTATION - PROS AND CONS

The direct geo-referencing of sensors based on a combination of relative kinematic GPS-positioning and inertial measurement units (IMU) has reached a high accuracy level and growing application. It includes the advantage of a very flexible use, independent upon control points which are only required for the system calibration and independent upon block or strip configurations. It is in use in areas with difficult access, as well as for standard applications. The direct georeferencing is a prerequisite for the economic use of small format digital images instead of standard aerial photos. Projects with standard accuracy requirements can be handled without problems. Only some limitations may appear for the model setup; disturbing y-parallaxes cannot be avoided with the today dominating application of standard photographic aerial cameras. But an improvement of individual models or a whole block by a combined adjustment together with image coordinates of tie points can solve this problem. For large scale projects with higher accuracy requirements an integrated sensor orientation by a bundle block adjustment with the orientations as observations and a minimal number of control points is proposed. An overview of the status of direct and integrated sensor orientation will be given.
Rapid layout pattern classification

Printability of layout objects becomes increasingly dependent on neighboring shapes within a larger and larger context window. In this paper, we propose a two-level hotspot pattern classification methodology that examines both central and peripheral patterns. Accuracy and runtime enhancement techniques are proposed, making our detection methodology robust and efficient as a fast physical verification tool that can be applied during early design stages to large-scale designs. We position our method as an approximate detection solution, similar to pattern matching-based tools widely adopted by the industry. In addition, our analyses of classification results reveal that the majority of non-hotspots falsely predicted as hotspots have printed CD barely over the minimum allowable CD threshold. Our method is verified on several 45 nm and 32 nm industrial designs.
Apoio das Universidades aos Spin-Offs Acadêmicos nas Fases de Early e Later Stage

Pesquisas sobre spin-offs acadêmicos demonstram diferentes tipos de apoio prestado pelas universidades nas fases de desenvolvimento early e later stage. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar as formas de apoio concedido pelas universidades aos spin-offs acadêmicos nessas fases de desenvolvimento. Foi realizado um estudo de casos múltiplos com dois spin-offs acadêmicos, um de universidade pública e outro de universidade privada, localizados na cidade de Aracaju, no Estado de Sergipe. Os spin-offs acadêmicos foram selecionados em função da fase de desenvolvimento, um deles com menos de quatro anos de criação (early stage), e outro com mais de quatro anos (later stage). Pode-se observar que o apoio fornecido pelas universidades aos spin-offs analisados foi considerado deficiente nas duas fases. Dessa forma, não foi observado participação ativa da universidade na obtenção de recursos, disponibilização de contatos ou oferta de disciplinas voltadas ao empreendedorismo. O mérito das universidades consistiu na disponibilização das incubadoras e, por meio delas, cursos de capacitação e infraestrutura. Sugere-se que é necessário conscientizar as universidades sobre a importância do estímulo ao empreendedorismo e do suporte da universidade aos primeiros anos do spin-off, que são os mais críticos.
Effective homology , a survey . ∗

Algebraic topology consists in associating to topological spaces algebraic invariants in order to describe their essential properties. In some (exceptional) cases, it is possible in this way to classify a particular topological space inside a more or less large set of spaces or equivalence classes of spaces, for example up to homotopy equivalence. In the most important cases, a functor is defined, capable of working on some topological spaces to produce an algebraic object. And very frequently, if this functor works on a “finite” topological space, then the result is also a “finite” algebraic object. The meaning of the adjective “finite” is the following : an object is finite if it can be “reasonably” coded on a theoretical or actual machine.