Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estrogen mediates Aurora-A overexpression, centrosome amplification, chromosomal instability, and breast cancer in female ACI rats

Estrogens play a crucial role in the causation and development of sporadic human breast cancer (BC). Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a defining trait of early human ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and is believed to precipitate breast oncogenesis. We reported earlier that 100% of female ACI (August/Copenhagen/Irish) rats treated with essentially physiological serum levels of 17β-estradiol lead to mammary gland tumors with histopathologic, cellular, molecular, and ploidy changes remarkably similar to those seen in human DCIS and invasive sporadic ductal BC. Aurora-A (Aur-A), a centrosome kinase, and centrosome amplification have been implicated in the origin of aneuploidy via CIN. After 4 mo of estradiol treatment, levels of Aur-A and centrosomal proteins, γ-tubulin and centrin, rose significantly in female ACI rat mammary glands and remained elevated in mammary tumors at 5–6 mo of estrogen treatment. Centrosome amplification was initially detected at 3 mo of treatment in focal dysplasias, before DCIS. At 5–6 mo, 90% of the mammary tumor centrosomes were amplified. Comparative genomic hybridization revealed nonrandom amplified chromosome regions in seven chromosomes with a frequency of 55–82% in 11 primary tumors each from individual rats. Thus, we report that estrogen is causally linked via estrogen receptor α to Aur-A overexpression, centrosome amplification, CIN, and aneuploidy leading to BC in susceptible mammary gland cells.
An Agent-Based Co-Evolutionary Multi-Objective Algorithm for Portfolio Optimization

Algorithms based on the process of natural evolution are widely used to solve multi-objective optimization problems. In this paper we propose the agent-based co-evolutionary algorithm for multi-objective portfolio optimization. The proposed technique is compared experimentally to the genetic algorithm, co-evolutionary algorithm and a more classical approach—the trend-following algorithm. During the experiments historical data from the Warsaw Stock Exchange is used in order to assess the performance of the compared algorithms. Finally, we draw some conclusions from these experiments, showing the strong and weak points of all the techniques.
Low Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more likely to lead sedentary lifestyles and have low levels of physical activity (LLPA). The present study investigated the prevalence of reported LLPA and time spent watching TV in adults with ID and identified the associated factors for these behaviors. The proxy informants of 1618 adults with ID completed the surveys regarding their health behaviors. Multiple logistic regressions were employed for LLPA and multiple linear regressions for time spent watching TV. About 60% of adults with ID had LLPA and average time spent watching TV was 3.4 h a day. Some characteristics and health and function variables were identified as associated factors. While engaging in community activities and involvement in Special Olympics were inversely associated with LLPA, they were not associated with time spent watching TV. Attending day/educational programs or being employed were associated with spending less time watching TV. Findings highlight differential factors associated with LLPA versus TV-watching behavior in adults with ID. Hence, a key strategy aimed at increasing physical activity includes promoting participation in social and community activities, while targeted activities for reducing sedentary behavior might focus on providing day programs or employment opportunities for adults with ID.
A neural multi-agent based system for smart HTML pages retrieval

A neural based multi-agent system for smart HTML page retrieval is presented. The system is based on the EalphaNet architecture, a neural network capable of learning the activation function of its hidden units and having good generalization capabilities. System goal is to retrieve documents satisfying a query and dealing with a specific topic. The system has been developed using the basic features supplied by the Jade platform for agent creation, coordination and control. The system is composed of four agents: the trainer agent, the neural classifier mobile agent, the interface agent, and the librarian agent. The sub-symbolic knowledge of the neural classifier mobile agent is automatically updated each time a new, previously not included, document topic is requested by the user. The neural classifier mobile agent also interacts with the librarian agent for retrieving the documents in the repositories and with the interface agent for user interaction. The proposed system is particularly useful for classifying documents stored in private networked document repositories that, for various reasons (i.e. privacy, security, and so on), cannot be indexed by an external search engine. The system is very efficient: the preliminary experimental results show that in the best case a classification error of 9.98% is obtained.
Factor analysis on service attributes of Canakkale municipality

Owing to the customer‐oriented service endeavours, firms, either private or public, need to improve service offerings by determining the demands of their target groups. Exploring the current ratings of customer expectations and customer perceptions on specific service attributes provides a tool for management in order to improve the service quality of the firm. Within this context, this study aims at determining the current service quality level of Canakkale municipality. The research instrument was prepared by adapting SERVQUAL and SERVPERF partly. One new question was added to see the suggestions of the people for getting high quality and highly satisfying service. The instrument was carried out on 256 participants who live in Canakkale and pay their bills for the services offered to them. Overall, the quality and satisfaction levels are average. Education for managers and service personnel is the main proposal for the improvement in service quality and consumer satisfaction.
Transport Costs and Smallholder Cropping Choices: An Application to Siaya District, Kenya

Smallholders regularly devote shares of resources to low-yielding food crops than they do to cash crops that have higher market returns. In this paper, costly exchange is incorporated into an agricultural household model, and a numerical nonseparable version of the model is used to show that seemingly inefficient cropping choices of this type in Siaya District, Kenya, can be explained as rational food import substitution given high transport costs in product markets. Improved rural road networks that reduce these costs could abate motives to meet food needs through domestic production and promote specialization that raises farm incomes. Copyright 1998, Oxford University Press.
Hydrosurgery: Alternative Treatment Technique for Management of Chronic Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis of Hallucial Joint of a Juvenile Foot

The surgical principles of management of chronic osteomyelitis of metatarsal bone of the foot have remained unchanged, but the debridement tools and level of precision have improved. This study reports the use of the Versajet system to achieve accurate, effective wound debridement during an elective orthopedic surgery in the difficult and confined geometric and anatomical area of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the foot. The patient experienced minimum blood loss and tissue resection during the procedure and healed well without complications.
Mnemonics Usage and Cognitive Decline in Age-Associated Memory Impairment

To determine predictors of cognitive deterioration, the authors performed baseline and 1- to 5-year follow-up (mean ± SD = 2.5 ± 1.2 years) neuropsychological assessments on 36 persons (mean age ± SD = 62.1 ± 8.0; range = 50 to 81 years) with age-associated memory impairment. Subjects were recruited from a larger group of volunteers, had minimal medical comorbidity, and 25 of them had a family history of Alzheimer's disease. Baseline age and a subjective memory measure indicating reported frequency of mnemonics usage were significant decline predictors. Subjects reporting more frequent mnemonics use at baseline were more likely to show objective cognitive decline at follow-up. Baseline full-scale IQ, educational level, and family history of Alzheimer's disease failed to predict decline. These findings suggest that although age is the strongest decline predictor in some people with age-associated memory impairment, self-perception of memory function may also predict subsequent cognitive loss.
A short bedside battery for visuoconstructive hemispatial neglect: Sunnybrook Neglect Assessment Procedure (SNAP)

Although it is currently not known whether early assessment and treatment of hemispatial neglect improves rehabilitation outcome, identification in the acute phase of post stroke is important for nursing, counseling families, and planning intervention strategies. Previous tests of neglect either fail to detect mild forms of neglect or are too lengthy for use at the bedside. We tested and selected an efficient, small battery of tests to address this gap. Two hundred and twenty-four stroke patients completed the Sunnybrook Neglect Assessment Procedure (SNAP). Normal performance was determined from a population of 100 normal elderly volunteers. The SNAP was shown to be a highly reliable and valid instrument. Factor analysis showed good internal consistency, suggesting that performance on each subtest is positively correlated with the others. The SNAP is a useful and reliable tool to assess neglect at the bedside in acute stroke patients.
A Compact Printed Slot Antenna with High Out-of-band Rejection for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

The suppression of electromagnetic interferences (EMIs) caused by the out-of-band operation is required for broadband antennas. To achieve this purpose, a compact broadband printed slot antenna with build-in filters for band notching is presented. The filters, including I-shaped and inverse L-shaped narrow slits and an L-shaped conductor strip, whose lengths correspond to half wavelengths, were integrated in the proposed antenna structure. The mitigation of the EMIs at the frequency ranges of 2.7 to 3.2 GHz, 4.1 to 4.7 GHz, and over 6.1 GHz was obtained. The proposed antenna capably operated at WLAN/WiMAX frequency ranges of 2.26 to 2.68 GHz, 3.28 to 4.09 GHz, and 4.75 to 6.04 GHz. The nearly omni-directional and likely bi-directional radiation patterns were given by the proposed antenna in xz and yz planes, respectively. Therefore, this antenna is suitable for various WLAN/WiMAX applications.
Management, myopia and strategy in the manufacturing function: a problem driven research agenda

To manage the manufacturing function and systems effectively, a detailed knowledge of technology hardware is not sufficient. Production managers must understand the business as a whole, and general managers must know enough about the production system to be able to take a strategic view of manufacturing and its contribution to business competitiveness. There are many implications associated with suboptimising in this domain or taking a shortsighted (myopic) view. In examining seven commonly observable 'manufacturing myopia', we argue that most of these can be avoided if the manufacturing function systems and managers are positioned and considered as a high status, 'strategic' part of the organisation. These issues are of major importance to the competitiveness and wealth of firms and of nations, hence there is value in further researching them, and a problem research agenda is outlined.
Visualization of repetitive DNA sequences in human chromosomes with transcription activator-like effectors

Significance Repetitive DNA sequences such as telomeres and centromeres are, like the chromosomes in which they reside, highly dynamic within the interphase nucleus, moving about by diffusion. Live cell imaging of these specific chromosomal sites has been limited and the approach presented in this study, based on expressed transcription activator-like effector (TALE)-fluorescent proteins, offers new opportunities in basic research on chromosome dynamics. In parallel, the described use of fluorescent TALEs as probes with fixed cells presents advantages over fluorescent in situ hybridization and may find particular applications in clinical and diagnostic settings. We describe a transcription activator-like effector (TALE)-based strategy, termed “TALEColor,” for labeling specific repetitive DNA sequences in human chromosomes. We designed TALEs for the human telomeric repeat and fused them with any of numerous fluorescent proteins (FPs). Expression of these TALE–telomere–FP fusion proteins in human osteosarcoma's (U2OS) cells resulted in bright signals coincident with telomeres. We also designed TALEs for centromeric sequences unique to certain chromosomes, enabling us to localize specific human chromosomes in live cells. Meanwhile we generated TALE–FPs in vitro and used them as probes to detect telomeres in fixed cells. Using human cells with different average telomere lengths, we found that the TALEColor signals correlated positively with telomere length. In addition, suspension cells were followed by imaging flow cytometry to resolve cell populations with differing telomere lengths. These methods may have significant potential both for basic chromosome and genome research as well as in clinical applications.
The Bali Road Map

The Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol met in Bali in December 2007.1 After some high-stakes poker about emission reduction frameworks and the role of emerging economies, participants settled on a road map for negotiating a new climate agreement by the end of 2009. The Bali meeting also managed to achieve progress on a number of important issues relating to the Adaptation Fund, avoidance of deforestation through REDD, technology transfer, and CDM. Conference side events show-cased emerging business opportunities in global carbon markets and provided a forum for countries to share experiences with national policies that have been put in place to meet Kyoto Protocol targets. Bali no doubt advanced international climate negotiations one step further, but it also highlighted the great challenges facing negotiators in the coming 20 months.2 This article takes stock of the current status of climate negotiations and discusses key issues likely to shape future talks.
Money, prices and causality: monetarist versus structuralist explanations using pooled country evidence

The direction of causality between changes in money supply and aggregate prices has long been a matter of controversy between structuralists and monetarists. This paper addresses deficiencies in this literature in three ways. First, a large sample of countries with alternate measures of money and price variables is used to evaluate the evidence on money, inflation and causality. Second, combined data are tested for causality, with the combinations based on variables suggested by the literature - level of per capita income, magnitude of inflation, degree of financial market development, and independence of the central bank. Finally, because the choice of lag length is often arbitrary, results are generated with varying lags and consistency across different lag periods looked for. Two presentation methods are developed - categorical and graphical. Evidence of structural inflation, was found only in Chile and Sri Lanka. Evidence of money supply exogeneity on the other hand was found to be strongest in Kuwait, Paraguay and the USA. Most countries exhibited mixed evidence of money supply endogeneity, with bidirectional causation between money supply and aggregate prices a common result.
Bubbles In The Prices Of Housing? Evidence To Brazil?S Economy

This research aims to test the hypothesis of price bubbles in Brazilian housing. The empirical formulation adopted will be divided into two steps. The first will analyze the ratio price / rent and cointegration tests. The results show that there is evidence of validity of the model rational bubbles as opposed to the present value model. The second step shows, through Monte Carlo simulation, that the results obtained by cointegration analysis can be biased for small samples, indicating that it is still early to reach the conclusion that there are price bubbles in Brazilian real estate.
Bacillus lycopersici sp. nov., isolated from a tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.).

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium (designated strain CC-Bw-5(T)) was isolated from chopped tomato stems. The isolate grew at 20-40 °C, pH 6.0-8.0 and tolerated 6% (w/v) NaCl. The most closely related strains in terms of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity were Bacillus isabeliae (95.3%) and Bacillus oleronius (95.3%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.2 ± 3.6 mol%. Strain CC-Bw-5(T) was determined to possess C16 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as predominant fatty acids. The polar lipid profile consisted of predominant amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, and moderate-to-trace amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified phosphoglycolipid. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid; menaquinone (MK-7) was the predominant respiratory quinone. According to distinct phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain CC-Bw-5(T) is proposed to represent a novel species within the genus Bacillus for which the name Bacillus lycopersici sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-Bw-5(T) ( = BCRC 80623(T) = JCM 19140(T)).
A New Approach for Nontechnical Losses Detection Based on Optimum-Path Forest

Nowadays, fraud detection is important to avoid nontechnical energy losses. Various electric companies around the world have been faced with such losses, mainly from industrial and commercial consumers. This problem has traditionally been dealt with using artificial intelligence techniques, although their use can result in difficulties such as a high computational burden in the training phase and problems with parameter optimization. A recently-developed pattern recognition technique called optimum-path forest (OPF), however, has been shown to be superior to state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques. In this paper, we proposed to use OPF for nontechnical losses detection, as well as to apply its learning and pruning algorithms to this purpose. Comparisons against neural networks and other techniques demonstrated the robustness of the OPF with respect to commercial losses automatic identification.
The relationship between expatriate job level and host country national categorization: an investigation in the UK

Using data from 493 host country nationals (HCNs) in the UK, we investigated relationships between expatriate gender, national origin, and job level, and HCN characteristics and willingness to help expatriates. Results showed that HCNs from the UK are likely to categorize expatriates as in-group or out-group members based on perceived values similarity, ethnocentrism, and collectivism. This categorization is also likely to affect HCN willingness to provide role information and social support to expatriates. Overall, our results suggest that HCNs would be more likely to provide role-related information to subordinates and peers than supervisors, and social support to male peers regardless of their nationality (i.e. USA vs. India). The analysis contributes to the fields of expatriate management, social categorization, and international human resource management. It also has key messages for multinational companies regarding the development of efficient expatriate management systems.
Essays On Carbon Abatement And Electricity Markets

There are a number of national energy models used for investment planning and studying the effects of proposed environmental policies on the electric grid. No model to date has included data about actual generators, a network model for the electric grid, and emissions. In this study, the SuperOPF, a full AC optimization/simulation framework with optimal investment developed at Cornell University is used to study the effects of regulations on the Northeast power system. The Northeastern power system is represented by a simplified system of 36 nodes, which offers a compromise between computational tractability and accuracy, particularly in modeling the limits on important inter-system transmission lines. In this paper, I study the effects of a number of policies that aim to reduce CO2, other emissions, or otherwise impact the operation of the electric grid: a base case, with no new environmental legislation; enactment of the Kerry-Lieberman CO2 allowance proposal in 2012; following Fukishima, a retirement of all US nuclear plants by 2022 with and without Kerry-Lieberman; marginal damages from SO2 and NOX emissions 1 Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Warren Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Email: jtt24@cornell.edu
Re: International definitions of overweight and obesity for children: a lasting solution?

The 1990 UK reference values for children were updated (Preece et al. 1996) after data were supplied to us by the Child Growth Foundation, and were altered not only for the values for infants as we had understood. We have therefore recalculated the cut-off points that were presented in table 2 of our paper (Chinn and Rona 2002) as shown below. The z-scores that correspond to body mass index (BMI) of 25 at age 19.5 years are now 1.09 and 2.23 for men and women, respectively, and for BMI 30 at 19.5 years 1.07 and 2.17, respectively. The percentage of boys defined as obese, or overweight or obese, in 1990 by these definitions is unchanged at 1.3% and 13.8%, respectively; for girls the revised figures are 1.5% and 14.2%, respectively. The conclusion of our paper is unaffected, that the international definitions (Cole et al. 2000) exaggerate the difference in prevalence of overweight and obesity between boys and girls. We thank Naomi Henning Brodersen of University College London for drawing the discrepancy to our attention. ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY NOVEMBER–DECEMBER 2004, VOL. 31, NO. 6, 695–696
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) in a routine workplace health examination.

BACKGROUND Only a few studies on workplaces have examined the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) or carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) as screening instruments for the early identification of elevated and risky levels of alcohol consumption. The purpose of this study was to compare the performances of AUDIT, CDT, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a routine health examination (alcohol screening) in the workplace. METHODS The study, carried out over 16 months in a large workplace in the transport sector, was part of an on-going controlled study. Employees who came to the company health service for a routine health examination were offered the opportunity to undergo an alcohol screening and check their alcohol habits. RESULTS Of the 570 subjects who participated, 105 (18.4%) screened positive according to AUDIT, CDT, or both. Only 7.6% of the persons who screened positive did so according to both instruments. If GGT had been included as a screening instrument, the proportion of positive results would have increased to 22.0%. If we had only used AUDIT in the screening process, the proportion of positives would have fallen by nearly half. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that AUDIT and CDT are complementary instruments for alcohol screening in a routine workplace health examination, and each has value for identifying a different segment of the risky drinking population.