Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cortisol is higher in parkinsonism and associated with gait deficit

Introduction– We propose an active pathogenic mechanism, involving circulating cortisol, in parkinsonism. Materials and methods– Serum cortisol was measured in 96 subjects with idiopathic parkinsonism, 170 without, and in 17 spouses and 36 siblings of elderly sufferers with double the number of controls, all obeying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results– Cortisol, adjusted for sampling time, was greater (17%, on average, P < 0.001) in parkinsonians, but not in relatives. The central cortisol lowering effect of anti‐muscarinics was seen (P=0.025). Selegiline may attenuate the disease, and parkinsonism is less frequent in tobacco smokers. Selegiline was associated with a lower cortisol (P=0.03): chronic smoking appeared (P=0.08) to be, irrespective of parkinsonism. Bowel stasis has been implicated in the pathogenesis: cortisol was higher in parkinsonians requiring laxatives (P=0.05). In controls, cortisol was lower, the longer the stride (P=0.02): in parkinsonians, this relationship was numerically reversed. A similar (P=0.01) group performance interaction was seen for deterioration, over 4 years, in gait. Conclusion– Cortisol is doing harm or mirroring something which is. A common pathway for neuronal protectiodrescue emerges.
Opposing Putative Roles for Canonical and Noncanonical NFκB Signaling on the Survival, Proliferation, and Differentiation Potential of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

The canonical and noncanonical NFκB signaling pathways regulate a variety of cellular activities; however, their functions in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have not been fully investigated. Expression studies during hESC differentiation indicated a significant increase in the expression of two key components of the canonical NFκB pathway (p50 and Ser529 phosphorylated form of p65) as well as a significant reduction in expression of key components of the noncanonical NFκB pathway [v‐rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B (RELB), p52, NIK]. Inhibition of canonical NFκB resulted in hESC apoptosis, changes in cell cycle distribution, and reduced hESC proliferation. In addition, inhibition of canonical NFκB was associated with significant changes in NANOG and OCT4 expression, suppression of differentiation toward all primitive extraembryonic and embryonic lineages with the exception of primitive ectoderm and ectodermal lineages. Inhibition of noncanonical NFκB via small interfering RNA‐mediated downregulation of RELB resulted in reduced hESC proliferation and opposite changes to expression of key differentiation lineage markers genes when compared with downregulation of canonical NF‐κB. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated binding of p65 and RELB to regulatory regions of key differentiation marker genes suggesting a direct transcriptional role for both branches of this pathway in hESC. These findings coupled with opposing trends in expression of key components during hESC differentiation, suggests a fine and opposing balance between the two branches of NFκB signaling pathways and their involvement in two distinct processes: the canonical pathway regulating hESC differentiation and the noncanonical pathway maintaining hESC pluripotency. STEM CELLS 2010;;28:1970–1980
Six-year follow-up of early physiotherapy intervention in very low birth weight infants.

Eighty very low birth weight infants assigned to neurologically normal or at-risk groups on the basis of a neurodevelopmental score were previously described. Infants were assigned to physiotherapy or control groups, and the effect of physiotherapy was assessed at 1 year. At-risk infants had a significantly lower developmental quotient than the normal group and no beneficial effect of physiotherapy was shown. Of the original 80 subjects, 49 were reassessed at a mean age of 74.7 months. As observed previously, physiotherapy until 1 year did not influence subsequent outcome in either normal or at-risk children. At-risk and normal children had similar mean developmental quotients at 6 years, but the locomotor score of at-risk children was significantly below that of normal children. Cerebral palsy occurred in 6 of 24 at-risk vs 0 of 25 normal subjects (P less than .01) and remedial therapy was recommended in 17 of 24 at-risk subjects vs 6 of 25 normal subjects (P less than .001). These results confirm that the neurodevelopmental score predicts a risk for either cerebral palsy or soft neurological problems, and early physiotherapy is of questionable benefit in preventing such problems.
Loss of β-catenin triggers oxidative stress and impairs hematopoietic regeneration

Ionizing radiation exposure is fatal due to widespread hematopoietic destruction. Lento et al. found that TCF/Lef H2B-GFP reporter mice display robust activation in HSCs following injury. Loss of β-catenin impaired HSC regeneration and recovery after radiation damage. β-Catenin-null HSCs exhibited reduced expression of catalase, an enzyme responsible for eliminating hydrogen peroxide. Consistent with this, irradiated β-catenin-null HSCs accumulate ROS and double-strand breaks. This study suggests that β-catenin loss compromises genomic integrity after ionizing radiation injury.
Nursing Home Consumer Protection Laws

Protecting nursing home residents from harm is an unresolved problem despite more than a quarter century of attention and intended reform. A March 2002 GAO Report identified problems in the prevention and reporting systems for physical and sexual abuse of nursing home residents, limited action by local law enforcement agencies, and poor showings in state regulatory systems. One can infer that if the most heinous and violent crimes against vulnerable adults are mishandled, violations of individuals’ rights to information, privacy, and a meaningful plan of care are lower priorities for public redress. The findings of the GAO report are déjà vu, and the bibliography of its precursors has swelled since 1965, when then-Senator Frank Moss of Utah con-
CHANGES IN INTRACELLULAR LOCATION OF SMALL PHAGOSOMES (MICROPINOCYTIC VESICLES) IN KIDNEY AND LIVER CELLS IN RELATION TO TIME AFTER INJECTION AND DOSE OF HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE

The change in location of small phagosomes containing ingested horseradish peroxidase was investigated as a function of time after injection and dose. A spread of small phagosomes from the apical toward the basal poles was observed in the tubule cells of the kidney during the first 30 min after injection of peroxidase. In the proximal convoluted tubule cells, many small phagosomes were seen lying close to lysosomes, 15-30 min after protein injection, probably preceding fusion. Small phagosomes almost disappeared from the cells when their fusion with lysosomes was completed. In the distal tubule cells the, main transport of peroxidase occurred between the apical and basal regions, and only a minor part was transported to lysosomes. At greatly reduced loads, the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules and large collecting tubules continued to absorb the protein but peroxidase transport across the distal tubule cells was abolished. Phagosomes in glomerular epithelial cells were observed only when optimal conditions of fixation were applied. In the liver, most of the peroxidase accumulated in small phagosomes of lining endothelial cells. A new formation of lysosomes in these cells seemed to take place in relation to the digestion of peroxidase, suggesting the transformation of endothelial cells into Kupffer cells. Peroxidase was also transported across the liver cells and appeared in pericanalicular granules.
Peritonitis associated with vaginal leakage of dialysis fluid in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

This 17-year-old girl had been born with an imperforate anus and rectovaginal fistula, which was treated by a rectal cut-back. Because of recurrent urinary tract infections associated with ureteric reflux and hydronephrosis bilateral ureteric reimplantation and an ileal loop bladder were performed in childhood. She was treated with haemodialysis at 15 years of age because of reduced renal functioti. A year later she received a cadaver transplant' which drained into the ileal loop. At this operation interperitoneal adhesions were present but the Fallopian tubes were normal. She was again treated with haemodialysis six weeks later after a transplant nephrectomy for severe irreversible rejection. Because of problems of vascular access continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was begun in October 1980.
Parameter identification for nonlinear state-space models of a biological network via linearization and robust state estimation

Developing mathematical models of biological systems and estimating their parameters hold a key to understanding and predicting the dynamic behaviors of biological systems which contain gene regulatory networks, signal transduction pathways, etc. A widely adopted way to model dynamic biological systems is to employ nonlinear state-space models, in which the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is sometimes used for estimating both their states and parameters. However, first-order linearization usually results in modeling errors, but the EKF based method does not take either unmodeled or parametric uncertainty into account. As a result, the estimation performance of the EKF based method may not be satisfactory, such as slow convergence speed and low estimation accuracy. To overcome these problems, a sensitivity penalization based robust state estimator is suggested for estimating parameters of nonlinear biological systems. Simulation results show that the estimation accuracy of the proposed method can be significantly higher than that of the EKF based method.
Fabrication, Characterization, and Physical Analysis of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on Flexible Substrates

This paper reports on the dc analysis and radio frequency (RF) characterization of a flexible AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor with a 120-nm gate length. The device provides a maximum dc current density of 470 mA/mm and a peak extrinsic transconductance of 125 mS/mm under flat condition. When the substrate is bent with 0.88% strain, a rise in the 2-DEG density is experimentally observed through the diminution of the on-resistance. This phenomenon is physically attributed to the modification of the piezoelectric field within the barrier under tensile condition. The device also shows a current gain cutoff frequency (Ft) of 32 GHz and a power gain cutoff frequency (Fmax) of 52 GHz. No major variations of RF performance are observed under bending.
The Gene Encoding the Elongation Factor P Protein Is Essential for Viability and Is Required for Protein Synthesis*

Elongation factor P (EFP) is a protein that stimulates the peptidyltransferase activity of fully assembled 70 S prokaryotic ribosomes and enhances the synthesis of certain dipeptides initiated by N-formylmethionine. This reaction appears conserved throughout species and is promoted in eukaryotic cells by a homologous protein, eIF5A. Here we ask whether the Escherichia coli gene encoding EFP is essential for cell viability. A kanamycin resistance (Kan R ) gene was inserted near the N-terminal end of the efp gene and was cloned into a plasmid, pMAK705, that has a temperature-sensitive origin of replication. After transformation into a recA+ E. coli strain, temperature-sensitive mutants were isolated, and their chromosomal DNA was sequenced. Mutants containing the efp-Kan R gene in the chromosome grew at 33 °C only in the presence of the wild-type copy of the efp gene in the pMAK705 plasmid and were unable to grow at 44 °C. Incorporation of various isotopesin vivo suggests that translation is impaired in theefp mutant at 44 °C. At 44 °C, mutant cells are severely defective in peptide-bond formation. We conclude that theefp gene is essential for cell viability and is required for protein synthesis.
Suboptimal Prescribing in Older Inpatients and Outpatients

Investigators searched Medline and HealthSTAR databases from January 1, 1985 through June 30, 1999 to identify articles on suboptimal prescribing in those age 65 years and older. A manual search of the reference lists from identified articles and the authors' article files, book chapters, and recent reviews was conducted to identify additional articles. The definitions for various types of suboptimal prescribing (polypharmacy, inappropriate, and underutilization) are numerous, and measurement varies from study to study. The literature suggests that suboptimal prescribing is common in older outpatients and inpatients. Moreover, there is significant morbidity and mortality associated with suboptimal prescribing for these older patients. Evidence from well-controlled studies suggests that multidisciplinary teams and clinical pharmacy interventions can modify suboptimal drug use in older people. Future research is necessary to measure and test other methods for tackling this major public health problem facing older people.
Limitations in surrogate measures of insulin resistance.

“Insulin resistance” is a loosely defined term that implies a reduction below normal in the ability of insulin to mediate one of its physiological functions. The term is usually applied in the context of glucose regulation, where insulin resistance denotes impairment of insulin-mediated stimulation of glucose removal from the circulation and/or suppression of glucose release into the circulation. Insulin resistance has generated considerable interest in the research community because of its association with such common chronic diseases as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Evaluating psychological treatments for children with autism-spectrum disorders

The internet abounds with promises of ‘miracle cures’ for autism and within the published research literature there are numerous claims and counter-claims for the effectiveness of specific therapies. Systematic evaluations, however, indicate that few treatment programmes have a sound evidence base, and even those interventions that do produce positive findings are not successful for all children. To date, the best researched programmes are those involving intensive, early, home-based intervention, and those with a focus on communication and parent–child interaction. This article assesses the evidence base for some of the better evaluated therapies. There is, as yet, no evidence that any one programme is superior to all others. Indeed, large individual differences in response to intervention suggest that the focus of research now needs to shift to the study of which components of therapy work best for which children and under which conditions.
Meta-level multi-objective formulations of set optimization for multi-objective optimization problems: multi-reference point approach to hypervolume maximization

Hypervolume has been frequently used as an indicator to evaluate a solution set in indicator-based evolutionary algorithms (IBEAs). One important issue in such an IBEA is the choice of a reference point. A different solution set is often obtained from a different reference point since the hypervolume calculation depends on the location of the reference point. In this paper, we propose an idea of utilizing this dependency to formulate a meta-level multi-objective set optimization problem. Hypervolume maximization for a different reference point is used as a different objective.
Towards a general model of non-random sampling and the impact on population correlation: generalizations of Berkson's Fallacy and restriction of range.

A long history of restriction of range research has developed in the psychometric literature under the assumption of strict truncation. A conceptualization of the general problem of non-random sampling is proposed leading to a model of which both restriction of range and Berkson's Fallacy (Berkson, 1946) are special cases. Cast in the framework of unequal sampling probabilities operating separately on the variables of interest, two major forms of the model are investigated: an additive and an interactive (multiplicative) form. The influence of unequal selection probabilities on population values of the bivariate normal correlation (ρ) is described and findings from other research on restriction of range are shown to be special cases of these results. Implications for inferences from data and evaluation of research designs are discussed.
Closed-Form Solution for Joint Localization and Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks

For Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), utilizing the same set of measurement data for joint localization and time synchronization is potentially useful for achieving higher estimation accuracy, lower communication overhead and power consumption. In this paper, we first formulate the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator, and then propose a Closed-form Weighted Least Square (CF-WLS) approach which can theoretically achieve the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and is computationally efficient. Simulation results show that the performance of CF-WLS is similar to that of ML most of the time when a sufficient number of beacons are involved, and CF-WLS can attain the CRLB with only three-way message exchange when more than three beacons are present. CF-WLS offers reduced computational complexity over ML while maintaining similar estimation accuracy, and outperforms the Constrained Weighted Least Square (CWLS) approach, proposed in another paper, in higher estimation accuracy especially for timing parameters when only three-way message exchange is employed. The reduced complexity, communication overhead and power consumption make CF-WLS an attractive solution to the simultaneous localization and time synchronization problem in WSNs.
Influence of Internet and Information Technology on Work and Human Resource Management

well as enforcing organization policies. The new function of HR manager should comprehend the business policy and create the matching management policy on human resources to perk up delivered service and perform as a policy partner with the top management team (Beer, 1997). HR professionals should take on technologies that maintain organizational changes and develop an appropriate developmental environment to develop pioneering and knowledge-based organizations.
Sleep Disordered Breathing in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Sleep-related disordered breathing (SDB) and its influence on desaturation were examined in stable COPD patients with waking SpO2 > 90%. With respiratory inductance plethysmography, thoracic-abdominal respiratory movements for all events with more than 4% desaturation were analyzed in 26 patients. Types of SDB were confirmed by full polysomnography. Irregular breathing induced desaturation, while stable respiration continued during some desaturation events. Three types of altered ventilation were observed: hypoventilation, paradoxical movement and periodic breathing. An unusual type of paradoxical movement, with normal airflow despite progressive desaturation, was observed in REM sleep. Patients were divided into desaturation (15 patients) and non-desaturation (11 patients) groups. Daytime arterial blood gas, lung function values, and 6-min walking distance did not differ. Awake, mode, maximum and minimum nocturnal SpO2 were lower in the desaturation group. SDB-induced desaturation events in the desaturation group were more frequent (9.2 ± 3.5 vs. 1.8 ± 2.2 times), a greater SpO2 decrease (11.4 ± 7.1% vs. 5.2 ± 2.1%) and longer duration (73.2 ± 34.8 vs. 18.8 ± 39.0 min). Patterns of SDB in the desaturation group were hypoventilation (74.4 ± 23.4%), paradoxical movement (10.2 ± 14.5%), periodic breathing (12.1 ± 18.3%) and unclassified (5.8 ± 11.2%). These results reveal that lower SpO2 and SDB influence nocturnal desaturation in stable COPD patients.
Compartmentalisation of Rho regulators directs cell invagination during tissue morphogenesis

During development, small RhoGTPases control the precise cell shape changes and movements that underlie morphogenesis. Their activity must be tightly regulated in time and space, but little is known about how Rho regulators (RhoGEFs and RhoGAPs) perform this function in the embryo. Taking advantage of a new probe that allows the visualisation of small RhoGTPase activity in Drosophila, we present evidence that Rho1 is apically activated and essential for epithelial cell invagination, a common morphogenetic movement during embryogenesis. In the posterior spiracles of the fly embryo, this asymmetric activation is achieved by at least two mechanisms: the apical enrichment of Rho1; and the opposing distribution of Rho activators and inhibitors to distinct compartments of the cell membrane. At least two Rho1 activators, RhoGEF2 and RhoGEF64C are localised apically, whereas the Rho inhibitor RhoGAP Cv-c localises at the basolateral membrane. Furthermore, the mRNA of RhoGEF64C is also apically enriched, depending on signals present within its open reading frame, suggesting that apical transport of RhoGEF mRNA followed by local translation is a mechanism to spatially restrict Rho1 activity during epithelial cell invagination.
Restless legs syndrome is a common finding in multiple sclerosis and correlates with cervical cord damage

In this prospective study, we estimated the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and compared the extent of brain and cervical cord damage between patients with and without RLS using conventional and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Eighty-two consecutive MS patients were evaluated. Each patient underwent a medical history interview, a neurological examination and brain/cervical cord MRI. Global and regional dual-echo lesion load (LL), number of cervical cord lesions, mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) histograms metrics of the normal-appearing tissues of the brain and cervical cord were assessed. Thirty subjects had RLS; they showed a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale score than patients without. No difference between the two groups was found in whole brain, cerebellar and brainstem T2-LLs; MD and FA histograms derived metrics of the normal appearing brain tissues; basal ganglia MD; number of cervical cord lesions and cord MD histograms derived metrics. Cervical cord average FA was significantly reduced in MS patients with RLS compared to those without. RLS symptoms are very common in MS. This form of RLS should be considered as symptomatic. Higher disability and cervical cord damage represent a significant risk factor for RLS in MS patients. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 86—93. http://msj.sagepub. com
eConf: an Information System to Manage the Conference

Along with the development of times, there is a growing need for internet among the society. This is not limited to the world of education, somehow. In the world of education, especially higher education, if a lecturer wants to increase his/her rank, he/she needs some publications either in the form of journals, books, or seminar proceedings. One of publications a lecturer commonly does is a seminar both national and international seminars. In conducting the seminar registration, it requires an information system that can accommodate the registrant’s data. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a web-based conference information system (eConf). This information system was developed using SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) method.
Exploring Advertising Equity in Fashion Advertising

ABSTRACT Advertising equity is a newly introduced construct in advertising theory that demonstrates that consumers seek out advertisements from specific brands because they perceive those brands' ads to be worth their time. This study is the first to explore how fashion brands can build advertising equity with consumers regardless of different preferred processing styles. Qualitative interviews with women who love fashion and read fashion magazines were conducted to identify sources of advertising equity. Three routes to advertising equity were uncovered: (a) brand equity, (b) borrowed equity, and (c) style equity. The implications for future research in advertising scholarship and practice are discussed.