Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation for removing a new synthetic polymer-based root canal obturation material (Epiphany) during retreatment.

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation for removal of vertically compacted Epiphany and gutta-percha during retreatment. METHODOLOGY Sixty extracted single-rooted maxillary central incisors were enlarged to size 40 using FlexMaster instruments. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 specimens each. The canals of two groups were obturated using vertically compacted Epiphany. The others were filled with vertically compacted gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. One Epiphany group and one gutta-percha group was reinstrumented with Gates Glidden burs and Hedström files. In the other two groups, obturation material was removed using Gates Glidden burs and RaCe rotary instruments. After clearing the roots, the area of remaining obturation material on the root canal wall was measured using a computer image analysis program. Statistical analysis was performed using Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance and anova. RESULTS Retreatment of specimens obturated with gutta-percha showed significantly more remaining obturation material than specimens filled with Epiphany (P < 0.05). No difference was found between the removal with Hedström files and with RaCe instruments (P > 0.05). Regarding the mean time of retreatment and time required for reaching the working length, Hedström files were significantly faster than RaCe instruments (P < 0.05). The times did not depend on the kind of obturation material (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Vertically compacted Epiphany in combination with Epiphany Root Canal Sealant was removed more effectively than gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. Hedström files were more rapid than RaCe rotary instruments.
One‐piece zirconia oral implants for single‐tooth replacement: Three‐year results from a long‐term prospective cohort study

AIM This 3-year report of a prospective long-term cohort investigation aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a one-piece zirconia oral implant for single-tooth replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-five patients received a 1-stage implant surgery with immediate temporization. Standardized radiographs were taken at implant insertion, after 1 year, and after 3 years to monitor peri-implant bone levels. A univariate analysis of the association of different baseline parameters on marginal bone loss from implant insertion to 36 months was performed. Soft-tissue parameters were evaluated at prosthesis insertion, after 6 months, after 1 year, and at the 3-year follow-up. RESULTS After 3 years, six posterior site implants were lost, giving a cumulative survival rate of 90.8%. The mean marginal bone loss was 1.45 mm; 35% of the implants lost at least 2 mm bone, and 22% more than 3 mm. The univariate analysis did not identify any parameter associated with marginal bone loss. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding index increased over 3 years, and plaque index decreased. CONCLUSIONS The low survival rate of the presented ceramic implant and especially the high frequency of advanced bone loss are noticeable but remain unexplained.
Anterior cruciate ligament‐ and hamstring tendon‐derived cells: in vitro differential properties of cells involved in ACL reconstruction

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction involves the replacement of the torn ligament with a new graft, often a hamstring tendon (HT). Described as similar, the ACL and HT have intrinsic differences related to their distinct anatomical locations. From a cellular perspective, identifying these differences represents a step forward in the search for new cues that enhance recovery after the reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to characterize the phenotype and multilineage potential of ACL‐ and HT‐derived cells. ACL‐ and HT‐derived cells were isolated from tissue harvest from patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or ACL reconstruction. In total, three ACL and three HT donors were investigated. Cell morphology, self‐renewal potential (CFU‐F), surface marker profiling, expression of tendon/ligament‐related markers (PCR) and multilineage potential were analysed for both cell types; both had fibroblast‐like morphology and low self‐renewal potential. No differences in the expression of tendon/ligament‐related genes or a selected set of surface markers were observed between the two cell types. However, differences in their multilineage potential were observed: while ACL‐derived cells showed a high potential to differentiate into chondrocytes and adipocytes, but not osteoblasts, HT‐derived cells showed poor potential to form adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Our results demonstrated that HT‐derived cells have low multilineage potential compared to ACL‐derived cells, further highlighting the need for extrinsic signals to fully restore the function of the ACL upon reconstruction. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How to rate the new glasses-free experience : subjective quality assessment methodologies for experiments on light field displays

Novel forms of 3D visualization are rising, where users no longer need to rely on additional equipment, such as special glasses or head gears, in order to properly perceive the visualized content. One particularly notable type of these systems are light field displays. User experience on such glasses-free displays is just as important as on any visualization technology, and thus researchers conduct experiments to evaluate it. While there are standardized techniques for conventional 2D and stereoscopic 3D displays, at the time of this paper, there are no standards for measuring the user’s Quality of Experience on these displays. In this paper, we discuss the current state of experimental methodologies used to assess subjective perceived quality on light field displays. The discussion also calls attention to the special considerations which are typical for such 3D visualizations but not present in different systems. Keywords—Quality of Experience; Light Field Display; Perceived quality; Subjective quality assessment methodologies; Experimental test conditions; Subjective rating scales; Viewing distance; Parallax effect
Annular Modes in the Extratropical Circulation. Part II: Trends

The authors exploit the remarkable similarity between recent climate trends and the structure of the ‘‘annular modes’’ in the month-to-month variability (as described in a companion paper) to partition the trends into components linearly congruent with and linearly independent of the annular modes. The index of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) annular mode, referred to as the Arctic Oscillation (AO), has exhibited a trend toward the high index polarity over the past few decades. The largest and most significant trends are observed during the ‘‘active season’’ for stratospheric planetary wave‐mean flow interaction, January‐ March (JFM), when fluctuations in the AO amplify with height into the lower stratosphere. For the periods of record considered, virtually all of the JFM geopotential height falls over the polar cap region and the strengthening of the subpolar westerlies from the surface to the lower stratosphere, ;50% of the JFM warming over the Eurasian continent, ;30% of the JFM warming over the NH as a whole, ;40% of the JFM stratospheric cooling over the polar cap region, and ;40% of the March total column ozone losses poleward of 408N are linearly congruent with month-to-month variations in the AO index. Summertime sea level pressure falls over the Arctic basin are suggestive of a year-round drift toward the positive polarity of the AO, but the evidence is less conclusive. Owing to the photochemical memory inherent in the ozone distribution, roughly half the ozone depletion during the NH summer months is linearly dependent on AO-related ozone losses incurred during the previous active season. Lower-tropospheric geopotential height falls over the Antarctic polar cap region are indicative of a drift toward the high index polarity of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) annular mode with no apparent seasonality. In contrast, the trend toward a cooling and strengthening of the SH stratospheric polar vortex peaks sharply during the stratosphere’s relatively short active season centered in November. The most pronounced SH ozone losses have occurred in September‐October, one or two months prior to this active season. In both hemispheres, positive feedbacks involving ozone destruction, cooling, and a weakening of the wave-driven meridional circulation may be contributing to a delayed breakdown of the polar vortex and enhanced ozone losses during spring.
Three-dimensional human gait pattern

Human gait is the basic form of human locomotion and the most comfortable and economical way of movement in short distances [1,2]. Despite complex neural control the gait characterises with smooth and repeatable movements in human joints, which can be recorded by cinematographic methods. In the clinical applications gait stereotype is frequently used in human motion analysis to compare the obtained results with those of the reference group. Unfortunately, the results of the reference group provided by the software producers are based on small research groups (e.g. norms based on few subjects) and the research are conducted in non laboratory conditions. Thus, the aim of this research was to establish a kinematic pattern of adult gait for motion analysis system BTS Smart-E used in the research conducted in the Laboratory of Biomechanical Analysis, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw. Subject’s sex, age and speed of gait is to be considered in the kinematic normal gait pattern. This research presents the results of gait patterns for an adult male group for three speed levels: high (1), preferred (2) and low (3).
pH HOMEOSTASIS OF THE CIRCADIAN SPORULATION RHYTHM IN CLOCK MUTANTS OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA

The influence of environmental (extracellular) pH on the sporulation rhythm in Neurospora crassa was investigated for wild-type (frq+) and the mutants chr, frq1, frq7, and frq8. In all mutants, including wild type, the growth rate was found to be influenced strongly by extracellular pH in the range 4–9. On the other hand, for the same pH range, the period length of the sporulation rhythm is little influenced in wild type, chr, and frq1. A loss of pH homeostasis of the period, however, was observed in the mutants frq7 and frq8, which also are known to have lost temperature compensation. Concerning the influence of extracellular pH on growth rates, a clear correspondence between growth rates and the concentration of available H2PO4− ion has been found, indicating that the uptake of H2PO4− may be a limiting factor for growth under our experimental conditions. The loss of pH compensation in the frq7 and frq8 mutants may be related to less easily degradable FRQ7,8 proteins when compared with wild-type FRQ. Results from recent model considerations and experimental results predict that, with increasing extra-and intracellular pH, the FRQ7 protein degradation increases and should lead to shorter period lengths. (Chronobiology International, 17(6), 733–750, 2000)
Structural, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of NiZnCu Ferrites Synthesized by Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering Process

Conventional methods for preparing ferrites are time-consuming processes, which require high temperatures in the order of 1200°C . The reactive spark plasma sintering method is a more rapid procedure involving lower temperatures. Different parameters of this newly introduced procedure should be optimized to obtain better magnetic properties over different frequency ranges. In this paper, emphasize is put on the milling conditions of nanoscale precursors oxides. The influence of sintering and milling conditions on some major properties of these very fine grained NiZnCu ferrites, such as permeability, permittivity, and saturation magnetization, is investigated. As the prospective applications of these materials are in high-frequency range, the dependence of magnetic losses on these properties is also investigated.
Review of linear non-square MPC: Tracking

Non-square systems have an unequal number of inputs and outputs. Insofar as the authors are aware, no existing paper provides an overview of the methods used for dealing with non-square systems. Generally speaking, non-square MPC techniques are process dependent and non-generic. It is thought that the control community would benefit from a systematic review of these techniques. This paper discusses and compares existing techniques, and makes recommendations regarding which to use in what circumstances. Outstanding issues are identified that future work should be directed toward.
Clinical Pharmacology of Sisomicin

Studies were conducted in 30 patients with neoplastic diseases. Twelve patients received sisomicin intramuscularly at doses of 20 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2. The mean peak serum concentration occurred at 1 h and was 2.5 μg/ml and 4.0 μg/ml, respectively. Ten patients received intravenous sisomicin at doses of 30 mg/m2 during 30-min infusion. Mean peak serum level determined at 30 min was 5.1 μg/ml. The levels gradually decreased and at 6 h was 0.6 μg/ml. The serum half-life was 160 min. Serum levels determined in eight patients who received sisomicin by continuous infusion at doses of 30 mg/m2 every 6 h were greater than 1.4 μg/ml during the 6-h period. The urinary excretion of sisomicin during the 6-h period after intramuscular administration of 20 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2 was 49 and 61%, respectively. The pharmacology of sisomicin is similar to gentamicin.
Age-related Refixating Saccades in the Three-Dimensional Video-Head-Impulse Test: Source and Dissociation From Unilateral Vestibular Failure

Objective: To examine “refixating saccades” in the three-dimensional video-head impulse test (vHIT) depending on the age and compare them to refixating saccades in pathological vHIT. Design: Retrospective database study. Setting: County hospital, specialized vertigo center. Patients: Eight hundred ninety-nine patients without a peripheral vestibular hypofunction were tested with the three-dimensional vHIT and compared with 135 patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVF). Main Outcome Measures: Occurrence and peak velocity of refixating saccades (covert and overt) during the video-head-impulse test (vHIT) in three age groups (0–30, 30–60, and 60–100 yr) and in UVF. Results: Overt saccade frequency of refixating saccades increased with increasing age, especially in the horizontal and posterior vHIT. Saccades were mostly directed opposite to the head movement. The aging effect was not explained by the VOR-gain decrease. Refixating saccades in normal vHIT were less frequent and slower than in UVF. Conclusion: We conclude that refixating saccades increase with higher age and could be differentiated from those in UVF by frequency and peak velocity. Saccades are not caused by a deficient VOR but might be caused by a deficient suppression of saccades to novel targets.
The use of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy samples for the assessment of basal phenotype in triple negative breast cancer patients: A correlative study

Molecular profiling of breast cancer has gained popularity due to the possibility of studying the biological spectrum of the disease and to evaluate prognostic and predictive characteristics that can lead to more accurate therapeutic decisions. Although studies have been carried out on tissue using tissue microarray technology (TMA), to our knowledge, this technology has not been applied to samples obtained by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). This study was designed to correlate FNAB samples with corresponding surgical specimens for the assessment of basal phenotype in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). A total of 198 cases of TNBC with matching FNAB and surgical specimens were identified. Forty‐six cases with sufficient tissue in both FNAB cell blocks and surgical specimens were selected. Tissue microarray blocks were prepared and stained with six biomarkers (CK5/6, p63, SMA, EGFR, C‐Kit, and p53). For statistical analysis, we used the observed (Gross) percentage of agreement and also calculated the Cohen's Kappa for each biomarker. We found a high agreement between the two groups as shown by the values of Observed (Gross) percentage of agreement (mostly 90% or higher except for the C‐Kit which was 78%). In addition, Cohen's Kappa point estimate showed substantial agreement (0.61–0.80) for CK 5/6, p63, EGFR, p53, moderate agreement (0.41–0.60) for C‐Kit, and, fair agreement (0.21–0.40) for SMA. Our study shows that the advantages of FNAB are not restricted to cost‐effectiveness, but also attested that cytology samples are suitable for the evaluation of biomarkers that have important implications on patient's therapy and prognosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;39:1–7. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dual Connectivity in Heterogeneous Small Cell Networks with mmWave Backhauls

Ultradense Network (UDN) with small cells is a key feature to begin a new era of 5G communication, which provides higher data rate, and accommodate explosive mobile traffic. Recently, mmWave-based wireless backhauls accelerate deployment of the UDN by reducing cost of fiber-optic cabling to small cells. The small cells can deliver user data to macro enhanced NodeBs (eNBs) using multihop relay in wireless backhaul mesh that consists of small and macro cell eNBs connected by the mmWave links. For such a heterogeneous small cell network (HetNet), 3GPP introduced dual connectivity (i.e., dual connections to macro and small cell eNBs), which is an attractive standard feature to manage user mobility and network access in the small cells. In this paper, we exploit dual connectivity scheme in a HetNet with the mmWave-based backhaul mesh which introduces two main challenges for throughput maximization, multihop routing from small to macro cell, and selection of a small cell eNB for user equipment (UE). We establish an optimization model and find an optimal solution in terms of throughput and fairness using an IBM CPLEX solver. Additionally, we propose a heuristic algorithm for complexity reduction and compare it with the optimal results in evaluation.
Making the Conceptual Connections: The UMLS after a Decade of Research and Development

The UMLS Section in this issue of JAMIA is dedicated to the memory of Marsden Scott Blois, Jr., a pioneer in medical concept representation. Dr. Blois, an internationally recognized physician-investigator and medical informatician, made important contributions to melanoma research and to biomedical informatics during his distinguished and varied career. His keen insight in the early days of the UMLS project contributed significantly to the future direction and success of the project. This issue of JAMIA helps mark the tenth anniversary of the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) project. From the beginning, the project has focused on overcoming the barriers users face when attempting to interact with computerized health information systems. The UMLS developers and their collaborators envisioned and then created a set of knowledge sources designed to support the development of sophisticated and accessible information systems. The UMLS knowledge sources have grown to …
Effect of extrusion process on antioxidant and ACE inhibition properties from bovine haemoglobin concentrate hydrolysates incorporated into expanded maize products

Extrusion process has been widely used for the development of many functional foods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of extrusion process on antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition properties from bovine haemoglobin concentrate (BHC) hydrolysates (P, FC, PF and FCF). Extrusion was carried out with a Brabender single screw extruder. The ACE inhibition and the antioxidant capacity (AC) were estimated by the inhibition of the ACE and ABTS+√ radical cation expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), respectively. The ACE inhibition and TEAC values from hydrolysates were significantly higher than that from BHC. The highest ACE inhibition corresponded to P hydrolysate and the highest TEAC corresponded to PF and FCF hydrolysates. The ACE inhibition and AC from extruded products with added hydrolysates were higher than that from maize control; however, the extrusion process modified both ACE inhibition and AC formerly present in hydrolysates.
Classifier Ensemble Framework: a Diversity Based Approach

Pattern recognition systems are widely used in a host of different fields. Due to some reasons such as lack of knowledge about a method based on which the best classifier is detected for any arbitrary problem, and thanks to significant improvement in accuracy, researchers turn to ensemble methods in almost every task of pattern recognition. Classification as a major task in pattern recognition, have been subject to this transition. The classifier ensemble which uses a number of base classifiers is considered as metaclassifier to learn any classification problem in pattern recognition. Although some researchers think they are better than single classifiers, they will not be better if some conditions are not met. The most important condition among them is diversity of base classifiers. Generally in design of multiple classifier systems, the more diverse the results of the classifiers, the more appropriate the aggregated result. It has been shown that the necessary diversity for the ensemble can be achieved by manipulation of dataset features, manipulation of data points in dataset, different sub-samplings of dataset, and usage of different classification algorithms. We also propose a new method of creating this diversity. We use Linear Discriminant Analysis to manipulate the data points in dataset. Although the classifier ensemble produced by proposed method may not always outperform all of its base classifiers, it always possesses the diversity needed for creation of an ensemble, and consequently it always outperforms all of its base classifiers on average.