Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A member of a novel family of yeast ‘zn‐finger’ proteins mediates the transition from stationary phase to cell proliferation.

The cloning and molecular characterization of the GCS1 gene from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae show that stationary phase is in fact a unique developmental state, with requirements to resume cell proliferation that can be distinct from those for maintenance of proliferation. Deletion of the GCS1 gene products a novel phenotype: stationary‐phase mutant cells do not resume proliferation at a restrictive temperature of 15 degrees C, but mutant cells lacking Gcs1p that are proliferating at the permissive temperature of 29 degrees C continue to proliferate after transfer to 15 degrees C as long as nutrients are available. The GCS1 gene sequence predicts a 39 kDa polypeptide with a novel ‘Zn‐finger’ motif. A point mutation within the finger motif produces a phenotype that mimics that of deletion of the GCS1 gene, showing that the finger motif is essential for full Gcs1p activity. Gcs1p and the products of two newly identified genes, SPS18 and GLO3, constitute a family of novel Zn‐finger proteins.
Altered Glycosylation Pattern of Proteins in Alzheimer Disease

Abstract. Post-translational modifications due to glycosylation of proteins in human brains from patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) were analyzed using lectin histochemistry. Results indicate a significant increase in the production of Oglycosylated (containing Galβ1,3GalNAcα1,0 Ser/Thr or GalNAcα1,0 Ser/Thr) proteins in neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles which are the major histopathological hallmarks of AD brains. These alterations were determined by positive labelling with lectins obtained from Amaranthus leucocarpus(ALL) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii (MRL) respectively. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the lectin-staining labelled specifically both neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. In contrast, lectins labelling was restricted to microvessels in normal control brains. These results provide evidence that modifications of the specific glycosylation patterns are closely related with the presence of the hallmark lesions of this disease, suggesting that an abnormal enzymatic processing of proteins may be an early event in the neuronal degeneration which characterises AD
An evaluation of "senior-friendly" web guidelines

In 2003, a study recorded that those aged 55+ years, comprising 29% of the total population, accounted for 17.2% of the online users [1]. Although Internet usage is increasing overall, there remain millions of elderly that have yet to acknowledge the technology age is upon them. There may be a broad spectrum of reasons technology is not quickly adopted by older adults, such as computer anxiety [2], having little exposure or training to technology [3], or simply not understanding the possible benefits of use [4].
Gene organization and transcription of TED, a lepidopteran retrotransposon integrated within the baculovirus genome

A single copy of the retrotransposon TED, from the moth Trichoplusia ni (a lepidopteran noctuid), was identified within the DNA genome of the baculovirus Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence (7,510 base pairs) of the integrated copy indicated that TED belongs to the family of retrotransposons that includes Drosophila melanogaster elements 17.6 and gypsy and thus represents the first nondipteran member of this invertebrate group to be identified. The internal portion of TED, flanked by long terminal repeats (LTRs), is composed of three long open reading frames comparable in size and location to the gag, pol, and env genes of the vertebrate retroviruses. Sequence similarity with the dipteran elements was the highest within individual domains of TED open reading frame 2 (pol region) that are also conserved among the retroviruses and encode protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase functions, respectively. Mapping the 5' and 3' termini of TED RNAs indicated that the LTRs have a retroviral U3-R-U5 structural organization that is capable of directing the synthesis of transcripts that represent potential substrates for reverse transcription and intermediates in transposition. Abundant RNAs were also initiated from a site within the 5' LTR that matches the consensus motif for the promoter of late, hyperexpressed baculovirus genes. The presence of this viruslike promoter within TED and its subsequent activation only after integration within the viral genome suggest a possible symbiotic relationship with the baculovirus that could extend transposon host range.
Development of a high performance manycore-enabled finite element type solver for the numerical modeling of nanoscale light / matter interaction Master internship project Host institutions and supervisors

Nanostructuring of materials has opened up a number of new possibilities for manipulating and enhancing light-matter interactions, thereby improving fundamental device properties. Low-dimensional semiconductors, like quantum dots, enable one to catch the electrons and control the electronic properties of a material, while photonic crystal structures allow synthesizing the electromagnetic properties. These technologies may, e.g., be employed to make smaller and better lasers, sources that generate only one photon at a time for applications in quantum information technology, or miniature sensors with high sensitivity. The incorporation of metallic structures into the medium adds further possibilities for manipulating the propagation of electromagnetic waves. In particular, this allows subwavelength localization of the electromagnetic field and, by subwavelength structuring of the material, novel effects like negative refraction, e.g. enabling super lenses, may be realized. Nanophotonics is the field of science and technology aimed at establishing and using the peculiar properties of light and light-matter interaction in various nanostructures. Nanophotonics includes all the phenomena that are used in optical sciences for the development of optical devices. Because of its numerous scientific and technological applications (e.g. in relation to telecommunication, energy production and biomedicine), nanophotonics represents an active field of research increasingly relying on numerical modeling beside experimental studies. Computational nanophotonics is the discipline aiming at studying nanoscale light/matter interaction using computer simulations.
Is the metallicity of their host galaxies a good measure of the metallicity of Type Ia supernovae

The effi cient use of Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) for cosmological studies requires knowledge of any parameter that can affect their luminosity in either systematic or statistical wa ys. Observa- tional samples of SNIa commonly use the metallicity of the host galaxy, Zhost, as an estimator of the supernova progenitor metallicity, ZIa, that is one of the primary factors affecting SNIa magnitude. Here, we present a theoretical study of the relationship between ZIa and Zhost. We follow the chemical evolution of homogeneous galaxy models together with the evolution of the supernova rates in order to evaluate the metallicity dis tribution function, MDF(�Z), i.e. the probability that the logarithm of the metallicity of a SN Ia exploding now differs in less thanZ from that of its host. We analyse several model galaxies aimed to represent from active to passive galaxies, including dwarf galaxies prone to experience supernova driven out- flows. We analyse as well the sensitivity of the MDF to the most uncertain ingredients of our approach: IMF, star-formation law, stellar lifetime, stel lar yields, and SNIa delay-time distri- bution (DTD). Our results show a remarkable degree of agreement between the mean ¯ ZIa in a galaxy and its Zhost when they both are measured as the CNO abundance, especially if the DTD peaks at small time delays, while the average Fe abundance of host and SNIa may differ up to 0.4-0.6 dex in passive galaxies. The dispersion of ZIa in active galaxy models is quite small, meaning that Zhost is a quite good estimator of the supernova metallicity. Passive galax- ies present a larger dispersion, which is more pronounced in low mass galaxies. We present a procedure to generate random SNIa metallicities, given the host metallicity. We also discuss the use of different metallicity indicators: Fe vs. O, and gas-phase metal licity vs. stellar metal- licity. Finally, the results of the application of our forma lism to a galactic catalogue (VESPA) suggest that SNIa come, in average, from small metallicity progenitors both at low redshifts (contrary to expectations) and in galaxies with high star-f ormation activity. In spite of large uncertainties in the metallicities derived from the catalo gue, the gross trends of ¯ ZIa vs. Zhost obtained from VESPA for different galaxy types are roughly consistent with our theoretical estimates.
Development and validation of an administrative case definition for inflammatory bowel diseases.

BACKGROUND A population-based database of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients is invaluable to explore and monitor the epidemiology and outcome of the disease. In this context, an accurate and validated population-based case definition for IBD becomes critical for researchers and health care providers. METHODS IBD and non-IBD individuals were identified through an endoscopy database in a western Canadian health region (Calgary Health Region, Calgary, Alberta). Subsequently, using a novel algorithm, a series of case definitions were developed to capture IBD cases in the administrative databases. In the second stage of the study, the criteria were validated in the Capital Health Region (Edmonton, Alberta). RESULTS A total of 150 IBD case definitions were developed using 1399 IBD patients and 15,439 controls in the development phase. In the validation phase, 318,382 endoscopic procedures were searched and 5201 IBD patients were identified. After consideration of sensitivity, specificity and temporal stability of each validated case definition, a diagnosis of IBD was assigned to individuals who experienced at least two hospitalizations or had four physician claims, or two medical contacts in the Ambulatory Care Classification System database with an IBD diagnostic code within a two-year period (specificity 99.8%; sensitivity 83.4%; positive predictive value 97.4%; negative predictive value 98.5%). An alternative case definition was developed for regions without access to the Ambulatory Care Classification System database. A novel scoring system was developed that detected Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis patients with a specificity of >99% and a sensitivity of 99.1% and 86.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION Through a robust methodology, a reproducible set of criteria to capture IBD patients through administrative databases was developed. The methodology may be used to develop similar administrative definitions for chronic diseases.
Non-invasive Heart Team assessment of multivessel coronary disease with coronary computed tomography angiography based on SYNTAX score II treatment recommendations: design and rationale of the randomised SYNTAX III Revolution trial.

AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate whether a Heart Team decision-making process regarding the choice of revascularisation strategy based on non-invasive coronary multislice computed tomography angiography (MSCT) assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) is equivalent to the standard-of-care invasive angiography-based assessment in patients with multivessel CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS The SYNTAX III Revolution trial is a prospective, multicentre, all-comers randomised trial that will randomise two Heart Teams to select between surgical and percutaneous treatment according to either an invasive conventional angiography or a non-invasive MSCT angiography assessment in patients with multivessel CAD. The treatment selection by each Heart Team will be guided by the SYNTAX score II calculation. The primary endpoint is the level of agreement according to kappa of the initial decision by the Heart Teams on the modality of the revascularisation based on MSCT and angiography assessments. Secondary endpoints include agreement on the number of vessels requiring treatment and the coronary segments in need of revascularisation. CONCLUSIONS The SYNTAX III Revolution trial will provide valuable information regarding the ability of a purely non-invasive coronary anatomy assessment to select accurately the most appropriate revascularisation strategy for patients with multivessel CAD.
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological studies on the origin

The results of further epidemiological studies of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) support the previous findings that the onset of exposure of the cattle population to a scrapie-like agent, sufficient to result in clinical disease, occurred in 1981/82. The onset of this exposure was related to the cessation, in all but two rendering plants, of the hydrocarbon solvent extraction of fat from meat and bone meal. A further possible explanation, related to the geographical variation in the reprocessing of greaves to produce meat and bone meal, was identified for the geographical variation in the incidence of BSE.
Spatially Filtered Feedback for Mode Control in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Transverse mode control of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is achieved by spatially filtered optical feedback. The spatial filter consisted of a pinhole, either 42 ¿m or 81 ¿m, in the 5.8 × magnified VCSEL image plane of a confocal lens arrangement. The pinhole was translated to map out the voltage drop across the VCSEL from spatially-selective feedback. For low injection currents, spatial filtered feedback enabled single fundamental mode operation due to higher-order mode suppression by appropriately locating the pinhole. For higher injection currents with five laser modes, spatial selection of feedback enabled control of the relative mode intensities and wavelengths. The maximum increase in mode intensity achieved was 1.8 × for the 4 ¿m pinhole and 2.4 × for the 81 ¿m pinhole. The maximum frequency shift achieved was - 2.7 GHz and - 7.1 GHz with the 42 ¿ and the 81 ¿m pinholes. The spatially selective optical feedback produced long-lived changes to the VCSEL even after the feedback was blocked-results for two separate trials where the recovery time was 38 minutes are presented (although results varied for different bias and feedback conditions).
Explicit evidence for bipolaron formation: Cs-doped biphenyl.

Des spectres de spectroscopie des photoelectrons ultraviolets montrent la croissance des etats de bandes interdites qui sont assignes a la formation des bipolarons. Ceci est la premiere observation directe d'emission a partir d'etats consideres comme importants pour la conduction dans des polymeres conducteurs
Soil densification using vibro-stone columns supplemented with wick drains

Saturated loose sand and non-plastic silty sand deposits are often vulnerable to liquefaction during earthquakes. Sand deposits densified by vibro-stone column (SC) are more resistant to liquefaction, and have performed well during earthquakes. Silty sand deposits appear to perform well when improved by SC supplemented with wick drains. Wick drains aid dissipation of excess pore pressure induced during SC installation in low-permeable silty soils enhancing densification. This paper presents a numerical model to simulate, and to analyze soil densification during SC installation with and without wick drains. Design charts for SC are developed based on this work. These numerical results are compared with field test data. Design guidelines are presented based on these design charts.
Laws based Quality Inspection of Steel Products using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Images

Since steel is an essential industry raw material and its surface quality is an important evaluation indicator, this paper proposes a quality inspection method for detecting and characterizing defects on steel surfaces. The objective is to detect and classify the defects in the steel products using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images. In order to obtain better classification accuracy, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based laws mask method is proposed. Initially, wavelet transform is applied to the input training images and the resultant sub-images are applied with different laws masks like ripple, wave, level, edge and spot. Texture features like mean, entropy, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness are extracted. The test images are applied with different laws masks and feature values are calculated. These feature values obtained for test and training images are considered for the accuracy assessment which is done based on the minimum distance obtained by taking Sum of Squared Distance (SSD). The accuracy of proposed method is compared with the performance of classical methods namely Tamura features, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Laws Masks. The overall accuracy of proposed method is 82.5%. The results obtained indicate that better classification of defects is possible by proposed method of applying DWT based laws masks. KeywordsScanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), feature extraction, defect classification, accuracy assessment.
Comments on ‘Numerical approach to the non-linear diofantic equations with applications to the controllability of infinite dimensional dynamical systems’, International Journal of Control, 78 (13), (2005), pp. 1017–1030

In this article, we give some comments on the article ‘Numerical approach to the non-linear diofantic equations with applications to the controllability of infinite dimensional dynamical systems’. The article gives an algorithm for the controllability analysis of the parabolic dynamical system defined in the n-D rectangular prism. The severe drawback of that algorithm is multiple nested, time-consuming loops which are necessary to perform. In the comments, we propose how to avoid performing sophisticated algorithms in that problem thanks to involving new advanced results of the number theory.
Adenovirus early region 4 is required for efficient virus particle assembly

H2dl807, a defective deletion mutant of human adenovirus type 2 lacking parts of early regions 3 and 4 and all of late region 5, was severely defective for virus particle assembly on HeLa cells, producing about 1% of the normal yield of particles. On Vero cells, H2dl807 produced only 5% as many particles as wild type, while on W162 cells, a Vero cell derivative which supports the growth of early region 4 mutants, H2dl807 produced nearly 40% of the wild-type level of particles. Two other defective deletion mutants, H2dl802 and H5dl1021, which lack parts of early region 3 and which are incapable of making fiber, the product of late region 5, were wild type for virus assembly. These data suggest that the cause of the assembly defect of H2dl807 is the lack of a diffusible early region 4 product. H2dl807-infected Vero cells accumulated nearly wild-type amounts of viral late proteins in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Thus, the defect of the mutant in assembly on Vero cells is not due to a general lack of late proteins. Finally, the fact that H2dl802 and H5dl1021 make wild-type amounts of virus particles suggests that fiber is not essential for adenovirus assembly.
Amikacin, ceftazidime, and flucloxacillin against suspended and adherent Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis in an in vitro model of infection.

Bacterial inocula were exposed as suspended cultures or as adherent biofilms on glass beads in a novel in vitro model of infection to oscillating drug concentrations mimicking human serum kinetics during clinical treatment. Amikacin was given once or thrice daily alone or in combination with ceftazidime or flucloxacillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus epidermidis. Killing of adherent bacteria was significantly reduced during single-drug treatment compared with suspended bacteria (P less than .001), and beta-lactams were more active than amikacin against both suspended and adherent bacteria (P less than .01). Amikacin-beta-lactam combinations killed the inocula more rapidly and were consistently bactericidal against both suspended and adherent pathogens (P less than .05). Once-daily dosing of amikacin produced greater initial killing than thrice daily dosing (P less than .05), but both regimens were similarly effective after 48 h. The differences in antibiotic activity against suspended and adherent bacteria may relate to clinical failures in the treatment of foreign-body infections by bacteria sensitive to the administered antibiotics, as determined by standard susceptibility tests.
Supercoiling transitions of closed DNA.

Conformations of closed DNA molecules are considered within a simple elastic model. The interplay of elastic energies of bending and twisting can lead to supercoiling induced by variations of the linking difference. These shape transformations are studied in the limit of a large length to thickness ratio of the molecule. Stationary shapes and energy diagrams are obtained by solving shape equations for closed rings. Four different families of stationary shapes can be distinguished: (i) planar circles, (ii) nonplanar rings, (iii) self-interacting rings, and (iv) interwound configurations. They all occur as shapes of minimal energy in the phase diagram of supercoiling. The transitions between the different regions in this phase diagram can be either continuous or discontinuous. The sequence of shape transitions turns out to be sensitive to the precise values of the elastic parameters. The buckling instability of the circle changes within the range of physically accessible values from continuous to discontinuous behavior.
A parameter estimation based approach to structure and motion estimation in perspective systems

Estimation of structure and motion in computer vision systems can be performed using a dynamic systems approach, where states and parameters in a perspective system are estimated. This paper presents a new approach to the structure estimation problem, where the estimation of the 3D-positions of feature points on a moving object is reformulated as a parameter estimation problem. For each feature point, a constant parameter is estimated, from which it is possible to calculate the time-varying 3D-position. The method is shown stable using Lyapunov theory and persistency of excitation based arguments. The estimation method can be extended to the estimation of motion, in the form of angular velocity estimation. The estimation method is illustrated with simulation examples, demonstrating the estimation convergence.
A 77-GHz CMOS On-Chip Bandpass Filter With Balanced and Unbalanced Outputs

This letter presents the design and implementation of a 77-GHz millimeter-wave on-chip bandpass filter with balanced output that was fabricated using a TSMC 0.18-μm standard CMOS process. The performances of the single-ended and single-ended-to-differential bandpass filters are simulated and measured. The chip size of the designed filter is 0.55 × 0.7 mm2. The simulated and measured results of the proposed filter are found to be in good agreement. The filter has a 3-dB bandwidth of about 14 GHz at a center frequency of 77 GHz. The measured insertion loss of the passband is about 6 dB and includes a 3-dB splitting loss; the return loss is less than 10 dB within the passband.