Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Centroid Integer Selection Model -- A High Efficiency Method on Dynamic Multi-document Summarization

This paper researches centroid integer selection based on dynamic multi-document summarization (DMS) and presentes a dynamic multi-document summarization model, called Centroid Integer Selection Model (CISM). This model has mainly two steps. First, some abstracts were extracted from the document sets based on different first sentence, respectively. Second, the best abstract was selected based on centroid strategy from all the abstracts created in the first step. The best advantage this model showed was that it eliminated the effect caused by falsely selecting based on the first sentence. Some experiments were conducted on the Update Task test data from TAC2008, and results of new model were compared with results from the TAC2008 evaluation.
A consistent poleward shift of the storm tracks in simulations of 21st century climate

A consistent poleward and upward shift and intensification of the storm tracks is found in an ensemble of 21st century climate simulations performed by 15 coupled climate models. The shift of the storm tracks is accompanied by a poleward shift and upward expansion of the midlatitude baroclinic regions associated with enhanced warming in the tropical upper troposphere and increased tropopause height. The poleward shift in baroclinicity is augmented in the Southern Hemisphere and partially offset in the Northern Hemisphere by changes in the surface meridional temperature gradient. The poleward shift of the storm tracks also tends to be accompanied by poleward shifts in surface wind stress and precipitation, and a shift towards the high index state of the annular modes. These results highlight the integral role that the storm tracks play in the climate system, and the importance of understanding how and why they will change in the future.
Improved zinc and iron absorption from breakfast meals containing malted oats with reduced phytate content

The absorption of Zn or Fe from breakfast meals containing oat porridge prepared from malted and soaked oats and a control porridge made from untreated oats was measured in human subjects. The effect on Zn and Fe absorption of reducing the phytate content of oat-porridge meals was examined in each subject by extrinsic labelling of porridge with 65Zn and of bread rolls with 55Fe and 59Fe, and measuring whole-body retention and the erythrocyte uptake of isotopes. Each experiment comprised nine to ten subjects. The absorption of Zn from malted-oat porridge with a phytate (inositol hexaphosphate) content of 107 μmol was 18·3%, and significantly higher (P < 0·05) than from the control porridge containing 432 μmol phytate (11·8%). Fe absorption from the meal containing malted-oat porridge with 107 μmol phytate (Expt 2) was also significantly improved (P < 0·05) compared with that from the meal containing control porridge with 437 μmol phytate. The average increase in Fe absorption was 47%, or from 4·4 to 6·0%. In the breakfast meal containing malted porridge with 198 μmol phytate (Expt 3) the increase in Fe absorption was not significantly improved. Even though the phytate content was reduced to a greater extent in Expt 3 than Expt 2, the average increase in Fe absorption in Expt 3 was only 25% more than that from the meal containing control porridge (with 599 μmol phytate), depending on the higher absolute amount of phytate. In conclusion, an improvement in Zn and Fe absorption from oat products can be achieved by practising malting and soaking in the processing of oats. This may be of importance in the prevention of mineral deficiency in vulnerable groups.
Erlang-based dimensioning for IPv4 Address+Port translation

As the IPv4 address pool is being exhausted, it becomes urgent to find a way to migrate IPv4 network architectures to IPv6, or to reduce the use of IPv4 addresses. In this paper, we discuss a strategy known as “Address + Port” translation, which consists in several users sharing the same IPv4 address and being distinguished by a range of port numbers. Of critical importance for the feasibility of such a mechanism is the knowledge of the minimum number of ports to allocate to users so that no service degradation is perceived. To that extent, we analyse the port consumption of the most port-consuming Internet applications, Web browsing, and present some aggregate port consumption curves for the student population of our campus. Our results suggest that a port range of 1000 ports is totally transparent to users (which would allow to share a single IPv4 address among 64 users), while 400 ports (i.e., 150 users per address) is sufficient for most of users. Finally, the number of users per address could be further improved by benefiting from statistical multiplexing, i.e., using dynamical instead of fixed port range allocation.
The analysis of nonlinear synaptic transmission

In order to characterize synaptic transmission at a unitary facilitating synapse in the lobster cardiac ganglion, a new nonlinear systems analysis technique for discrete-input systems was developed and applied. From the output of the postsynaptic cell in response to randomly occurring presynaptic nerve impulses, a set of kernels, analogous to Wiener kernels, was computed. The kernels up to third order served to characterize, with reasonable accuracy, the input- output properties of the synapse. A mathematical model of the synapse was also tested with a random impulse train and model predictions were compared with experimental synaptic output. Although the model proved to be even more accurate overall than the kernel characterization, there were slight but consistent errors in the model's performance. These were also reflected as differences between model and experimental kernels. It is concluded that a random train analysis provides a comprehensive and objective comparison between model and experiment and automatically provides an arbitrarily accurate characterization of a system's input-output behavior, even in complicated cases where other approaches are impractical.
Maturity of hospital information systems: Most important influencing factors

Maturity models facilitate organizational management, including information systems management, with hospital organizations no exception. This article puts forth a study carried out with a group of experts in the field of hospital information systems management with a view to identifying the main influencing factors to be included in an encompassing maturity model for hospital information systems management. This study is based on the results of a literature review, which identified maturity models in the health field and relevant influencing factors. The development of this model is justified to the extent that the available maturity models for the hospital information systems management field reveal multiple limitations, including lack of detail, absence of tools to determine their maturity and lack of characterization for stages of maturity structured by different influencing factors.
Activity detection with dendrite threshold model

This paper presents an activity detection system using dendrite threshold logic neuron models. This method generates a dendrite weight matrix from the background image and detect the changes in the subsequent images through the trained neuron outputs. Using only one layer of dendrite neuron cells with simplistic threshold logic cells, an accuracy of 98% is reported in realistic imaging conditions. The real-time implementation of the system is done using OpenCV libraries to be deployed in raspberry pi platform.
Ieee Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics—part C: Applications and Reviews 1 Measuring Semantic Similarity between Biomedical Concepts within Multiple Ontologies

—Most of the intelligent knowledge-based applications contain components for measuring semantic similarity between terms. Many of the existing semantic similarity measures that use ontology structure as their primary source cannot measure semantic similarity between terms and concepts using multiple ontologies. This research explores a new way to measure semantic similarity between biomedical concepts using multiple ontologies. We propose a new ontology-structure-based technique for measuring semantic similarity in single ontology and across multiple ontologies in the biomedical domain within the framework of Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). The proposed measure is based on three features: 1) cross-modified path length between two concepts; 2) a new feature of common specificity of concepts in the ontology; and 3) local granularity of ontology clusters. The proposed technique was evaluated relative to human similarity scores and compared with other existing measures using two terminologies within UMLS framework: Medical Subject Headings and Systemized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Term. The experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed technique in single and multiple on-tologies, and demonstrate that our proposed measure achieves the best results of correlation with human scores in all experiments.
Guided Fast Local Search for speeding up a financial forecasting algorithm

Guided Local Search is a powerful meta-heuristic algorithm that has been applied to a successful Genetic Programming Financial Forecasting tool called EDDIE. Although previous research has shown that it has significantly improved the performance of EDDIE, it also increased its computational cost to a high extent. This paper presents an attempt to deal with this issue by combining Guided Local Search with Fast Local Search, an algorithm that has shown in the past to be able to significantly reduce the computational cost of Guided Local Search. Results show that EDDIE's computational cost has been reduced by an impressive 77%, while at the same time there is no cost to the predictive performance of the algorithm.
Cross layer design for rate selection and link failure prediction in MANETS

Recently, in an effort to improve the performance of wireless networks, there has been increased interest in protocols that rely on interactions between different layers. The nature of temporary links and the mobility of the nodes together with wireless transmission effect on attenuation, interference, and multipath propagation, raise some inherent issues of mobile ad hoc networks. Cross-layer design allows us to make better use of network resources by optimizing across the boundaries of traditional network layers. It is based on information exchange and joint optimization over two or more layers. In this paper we propose two schemes to achieve rate adaptation by sharing signal information between Physical and Mac layers, and to deal with frequent route failures in Manets by identifying soon to be broken links. The cross layer processing for both the schemes proposed have been tested using Network Simulator NS-2.
Routine HIV Screening in North Carolina in the Era of the Affordable Care Act: Update on Laws, Reimbursement, and Tests

Abstract Eighteen percent of the 1.2 million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected individuals in the United States are undiagnosed, with North Carolina accounting for the eighth largest number of new HIV diagnoses in 2011. In an effort to identify more HIV-infected individuals by reducing physician barriers to HIV testing, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have expanded their HIV screening recommendations to adolescents and adults without HIV risk factors or behaviors, eliminated federal requirements for pretest counseling, and modified the informed consent process. In 2010, the Office of National AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) Policy released the first-ever national HIV/AIDS strategy, with the goal of reducing new infections, increasing access to care, improving HIV outcomes, and reducing HIV racial/ethnic disparities. In 2013, the US Preventive Services Task Force released A-level recommendations recommending nonrisk-based HIV screening for adults and adolescents that are consistent with the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In concert with these federal recommendations, the majority of states have modified their consent and counseling requirements. The implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act will add requirements and incentives for federal (Medicare), state (Medicaid), and private (insurance) payers to reimburse physicians and patients for nonrisk-based HIV screening.
Semi-Automatic Retrieval of Relevant Segments from Laparoscopic Surgery Videos

Over the last decades, progress in medical technology and imaging technology enabled the technique of minimally invasive surgery. In addition, multimedia technologies allow for retrospective analyses of surgeries. The accumulated videos and images allow for a speed-up in documentation, easier medical case assessment across surgeons, training young surgeons, as well as they find the usage in medical research. Considering a surgery lasting for hours of routine work, surgeons only need to see short video segments of interest to assess a case. Surgeons do not have the time to manually extract video sequences of their surgeries from their big multimedia databases as they do not have the resources for this time-consuming task. The thesis deals with the questions of how to semantically classify video frames using Convolutional Neural Networks into different semantic concepts of surgical actions and anatomical structures. In order to achieve this goal, the capabilities of predefined CNN architectures and transfer learning in the laparoscopic video domain are investigated. The results are expected to improve by domain-specific adaptation of the CNN input layers, i.e. by fusion of the image with motion and relevance information. Finally, the thesis investigates to what extent surgeons' needs are covered with the proposed extraction of relevant scenes.
A variational formulation for GTM through time

Generative topographic mapping (GTM) is a latent variable model that, in its original version, was conceived to provide clustering and visualization of multivariate, real-valued, i.i.d. data. It was also extended to deal with noni. i.d. data such as multivariate time series in a variant called GTM through time (GTM-TT), defined as a constrained hidden Markov model (HMM). In this paper, we provide the theoretical foundations of the reformulation of GTM-TT within the variational Bayesian framework and provide an illustrative example of its application. This approach handles the presence of noise in the time series, helping to avert the problem of data overfitting.
Load optimal MPLS routing with N + M labels

MPLS is becoming an important protocol for intradomain routing. MPLS routers are offered by the major vendors and many ISPs are deploying MPLS in their IP backbones, as well as in ATM and frame relay networks. For this period of possible transition to MPLS, it is urgent to increase our understanding of the power and limitation of MPLS. An attraction to MPLS is the flexibility it offers in engineering the routing of traffic in a network, e.g., to support higher demands without overloading any links. Mitra and Ramakrishnan [GLOBECOM'99] showed that optimal routing solutions may be found for a diverse set of traffic engineering goals. However, for a network with N nodes (routers) and M edges (links), their MPLS implementation may use /spl Omega/(N /spl times/ M) different labels. This is prohibitive since the number of labels is the number of entries needed in the router tables. We present an algorithm reducing the number of MPLS labels to N + M without increasing any link load. Our explicit N + M bound makes it easy to limit the table size requirement for a planned network, and the linearity allows for tables implemented in fast memory. For differentiated services with K traffic classes with different load constraints, our bound increases to K(N + M). Our stack-depth is only one, justifying implementations of MPLS with limited stack-depth.
Deconstructing the argument for free trade

1 Introduction 12 The economist™s argument 42.1 The basic structure . 42.2 How persuasive is the argument? 62.2. 1 The problematic nature of the concept of "good for thenation" . 62.2. 2 The irrelevance of the argument based on Ricardo . 82.2. 3 Fleshing out the argument further . 93 How (and why) does the argument di⁄er from a generic publicpolicy approach? 174 What might be the elements of a good argument for free trade? 184.1 Be clear about what economic analysis can say about the matter 184.2 Make a distinction between policies and one-o⁄ choices . 194.3 Bring fairness issues into the debate . 204.4 Do what economists do best: emphasize trade-o⁄s . 205 Conclusion 216 References 21Deconstruction: In popular usage the term has come to meana critical dismantling of tradition and traditional modes of thought.See also postmodernism; poststructuralism.
Request-aware Cooperative I/O Scheduling for Scale-out Database Applications

Interactive data center applications suffer from the tail latency problem. Since most modern data center applications take the sharded architecture to serve scale-out services, a request comprises multiple sub-requests handled in individual back-end nodes. Depending on the state of each back-end node, a node may issue multiple I/Os for a single sub-request. Since traditional I/O scheduling operates in an application-agnostic manner, it sometimes causes a long latency gap between the responses of sub-requests, thereby delaying the response to endusers. In this paper, we propose a request-aware cooperative I/O scheduling scheme to reduce the tail latency of a database application. Our proposed scheme captures request arrival order at the front-end of an application and exploits it to make a decision for I/O scheduling in individual back-end nodes. We implemented a prototype based on MongoDB and the Linux kernel and evaluated it with a read-intensive scan workload. Experimental results show that our proposed scheme effectively reduces the latency gap between sub-requests, thereby reducing the tail latency.
Prognostic Role of Initial and Residual Syntax Score in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

We recruited 327 consecutive patients with STEMI and multivessel coronary artery disease (MVCAD) who underwent primary PCI. We then assessed the severity of coronary atherosclerosis using coronary angiography and SYNTAX score. All patients were further stratified into two groups: 1) SYNTAX ≤22 points (n=213); 2) SYNTAX ≥23 points (n=114). Out of 327 patients included into initial analysis, 317 underwent the secondary coronary angiography to assess the residual severity of coronary atherosclerosis after primary PCI. The patients were again divided into two groups: 1) ≤8 points (n=243); 2) ≥9 points (n=74). Major adverse cardiovascular events within 1 year of follow-up were considered as the study endpoints.
Area-Level Socioeconomic Characteristics, Prevalence and Trajectories of Cardiometabolic Risk

This study examines the relationships between area-level socioeconomic position (SEP) and the prevalence and trajectories of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the count of its constituents (i.e., disturbed glucose and insulin metabolism, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension). A cohort of 4,056 men and women aged 18+ living in Adelaide, Australia was established in 2000–2003. MetS was ascertained at baseline, four and eight years via clinical examinations. Baseline area-level median household income, percentage of residents with a high school education, and unemployment rate were derived from the 2001 population Census. Three-level random-intercepts logistic and Poisson regression models were performed to estimate the standardized odds ratio (SOR), prevalence risk ratio (SRR), ratio of SORs/SRRs, and (95% confidence interval (CI)). Interaction between area- and individual-level SEP variables was also tested. The odds of having MetS and the count of its constituents increased over time. This increase did not vary according to baseline area-level SEP (ratios of SORs/SRRs ≈ 1; p ≥ 0.42). However, at baseline, after adjustment for individual SEP and health behaviours, median household income (inversely) and unemployment rate (positively) were significantly associated with MetS prevalence (SOR (95%CI) = 0.76 (0.63–0.90), and 1.48 (1.26–1.74), respectively), and the count of its constituents (SRR (95%CI) = 0.96 (0.93–0.99), and 1.06 (1.04–1.09), respectively). The inverse association with area-level education was statistically significant only in participants with less than post high school education (SOR (95%CI) = 0.58 (0.45–0.73), and SRR (95%CI) = 0.91 (0.88–0.94)). Area-level SEP does not predict an elevated trajectory to developing MetS or an elevated count of its constituents. However, at baseline, area-level SEP was inversely associated with prevalence of MetS and the count of its constituents, with the association of area-level education being modified by individual-level education. Population-level interventions for communities defined by area-level socioeconomic disadvantage are needed to reduce cardiometabolic risks.
An SCC-DFTB Repulsive Potential for Various ZnO Polymorphs and the ZnO–Water System

We have developed an efficient scheme for the generation of accurate repulsive potentials for self-consistent charge density-functional-based tight-binding calculations, which involves energy-volume scans of bulk polymorphs with different coordination numbers. The scheme was used to generate an optimized parameter set for various ZnO polymorphs. The new potential was subsequently tested for ZnO bulk, surface, and nanowire systems as well as for water adsorption on the low-index wurtzite (101̅0) and (112̅0) surfaces. By comparison to results obtained at the density functional level of theory, we show that the newly generated repulsive potential is highly transferable and capable of capturing most of the relevant chemistry of ZnO and the ZnO/water interface.
Connexin 43 gap junction proteins are up‐regulated in remyelinating spinal cord

Alterations in the expression of gap junction proteins have previously been observed in several diseases affecting the central nervous system; however, the status of connexin 43 (Cx43) has not yet been reported in spinal cord remyelination. We studied Cx43 expression in demyelination and remyelination by using a chronic guinea pig model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Hartley guinea pigs were immunized with homogenized whole CNS and complete Freund's adjuvant. Animals became chronically ill by day 40 postimmunization, and animals with paralysis were entered into the study. Animals were treated on days 40–60 postimmunization with either saline or drugs that promote remyelination: an adenosine amine congener (100 μg/kg), an anti‐α4‐integrin blocker (CT301; ELN 69299; 30 mg/kg), or a combination of both drugs. Remyelination was induced in all drug‐treated groups. Cx43 expression was virtually absent in demyelinated lesions of saline‐treated controls compared with healthy tissue and normal appearing white matter (P < 0.001), whereas Cx43 was considerably increased (300–500%) in remyelinating lesions of all treatment groups (P < 0.001), most notably in CT301‐treated animals. These changes in Cx43 expression indicate that Cx43 may beimportant for recovery from neuroinflammation. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.