Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tailed radio galaxies as probes of cluster physics in the square kilometre array Era

In recent years, the use of tailed radio galaxies as environmental probes has gained momentum as a method for galaxy cluster detection, examining the dynamics of individual clusters, measuring the density and velocity flows in the intra-cluster medium, and for probing cluster magnetic fields. To date instrumental limitations in terms of resolution and sensitivity have confined this research to the local (z <; 0.7) Universe. The advent of SKA-1 surveys however will allow detection of well over 1 million tailed radio galaxies and their associated galaxy clusters out to redshifts of 2 or more. This is in fact ten times more than the current number of known clusters in the Universe. Such a substantial sample of tailed galaxies will provide an invaluable tool not only for detecting clusters, but also for characterizing their intra-cluster medium, magnetic fields and dynamical state as a function of cosmic time. In this paper we present an analysis of the usability of tailed radio galaxies as tracers of dense environments extrapolated from existing deep radio surveys such the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South.
Indonesian-English Cross Language Question Answering

Our Indonesian-English Cross Language Question Answering (CLQA) is divided into 4 components: question analyzer, keyword translator, passage retriever and answer finder component. The Indonesian question is inputted into a question analyzer which yields Indonesian keyword list, Indonesian question focus and question class. We defined the question class by using an SVM machine implemented in Weka[15]. Because Indonesian is a poor data resource language, we use a bigram frequency feature as an addition feature for the question classification. The Indonesian keywords are translated into English using an Indonesian-English bilingual dictionary. The English translations are composed into a boolean query to retrieve relevant passages. We select the passages within 3 highest IDF scores. In the answer finder, the answer is located by using an SVM method for text chunking implemented in Yamcha[4]. Different with other Indonesian-English CLQA[1,14], we do not tag the name entities in the target documents, instead we only do the POS tagging by using TreeTagger[12] for the target documents. Based on our experiment in Indonesian QA, we choose to use question class, question features and document features for the machine learning based answer finder. We also complement the WordNet distance feature for the document features. By using 284 questions as the test data, we achieved about 31.69% accuracy on top 5 answers which is better than other IndonesianEnglish CLQAs.
Australia's Mental Health: An Overview of the General Population Survey*

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the 1-month and 1-year prevalence of mental disorders in the Australian adult population; to determine the amount of disablement associated with this; and to determine the use of health and other services by persons with common mental disorders. Method: For the Adult Survey, a household sample of 10 600 persons aged 18 years and over were interviewed across Australia by experienced field staff of the Australian Bureau of Statistics. This was 78%% of the target sample. The interview consisted of the composite international diagnostic interview in its automated presentation (CIDI-A) and other components to determine disablement, use of services and satisfaction with services received. The diagnostic classifications used in the analyses were both ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Only the results from ICD-10 are reported here. Results: A total of 17.7%% of the sample had one or more common mental disorders, anxiety, depression, alcohol or substance abuse and neurasthenia. This morbidity was associated with considerable disablement in daily life: 3 days of impaired social role performance in the previous 4 weeks, compared with 1 day for the general population. Of all cases, 64.6%% had had no contact with health services in the previous year; 29.4%% had seen GPs and 7.5%% had seen psychiatrists. Conclusion: Australia now has its own national estimates of psychiatric morbidity. The morbidity is associated with considerable disablement, but most of it is untreated. General practitioners encounter by far the largest proportion of those reaching services.
Antifouling properties of zinc oxide nanorod coatings

In laboratory experiments, the antifouling (AF) properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod coatings were investigated using the marine bacterium Acinetobacter sp. AZ4C, larvae of the bryozoan Bugula neritina and the microalga Tetraselmis sp. ZnO nanorod coatings were fabricated on microscope glass substrata by a simple hydrothermal technique using two different molar concentrations (5 and 10 mM) of zinc precursors. These coatings were tested for 5 h under artificial sunlight (1060 W m−2 or 530 W m−2) and in the dark (no irradiation). In the presence of light, both the ZnO nanorod coatings significantly reduced the density of Acinetobacter sp. AZ4C and Tetraselmis sp. in comparison to the control (microscope glass substratum without a ZnO coating). High mortality and low settlement of B. neritina larvae was observed on ZnO nanorod coatings subjected to light irradiation. In darkness, neither mortality nor enhanced settlement of larvae was observed. Larvae of B. neritina were not affected by Zn2+ ions. The AF effect of the ZnO nanorod coatings was thus attributed to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by photocatalysis. It was concluded that ZnO nanorod coatings effectively prevented marine micro and macrofouling in static conditions.
Analysis of the Borrelia burgdorferi Cyclic-di-GMP-Binding Protein PlzA Reveals a Role in Motility and Virulence

ABSTRACT The cyclic-dimeric-GMP (c-di-GMP)-binding protein PilZ has been implicated in bacterial motility and pathogenesis. Although BB0733 (PlzA), the only PilZ domain-containing protein in Borrelia burgdorferi, was reported to bind c-di-GMP, neither its role in motility or virulence nor it's affinity for c-di-GMP has been reported. We determined that PlzA specifically binds c-di-GMP with high affinity (dissociation constant [Kd ], 1.25 μM), consistent with Kd values reported for c-di-GMP-binding proteins from other bacteria. Inactivation of the monocistronically transcribed plzA resulted in an opaque/solid colony morphology, whereas the wild-type colonies were translucent. While the swimming pattern of mutant cells appeared normal, on swarm plates, mutant cells exhibited a significantly reduced swarm diameter, demonstrating a role of plzA in motility. Furthermore, the plzA mutant cells were significantly less infectious in experimental mice (as determined by 50% infectious dose [ID50]) relative to wild-type spirochetes. The mutant also had survival rates in fed ticks lower than those of the wild type. Consequently, plzA mutant cells failed to complete the mouse-tick-mouse infection cycle, indicating plzA is essential for the enzootic life cycle of B. burgdorferi. All of these defects were corrected when the mutant was complemented in cis. We propose that failure of plzA mutant cells to infect mice was due to altered motility; however, the possibility that an unidentified factor(s) contributed to interruption of the B. burgdorferi enzootic life cycle cannot yet be excluded.
Models for profiling the potential QT prolongation risk of drugs.

The appearance of QT prolongation and arrhythmic events associated with a compound undergoing clinical trials can greatly hamper drug development programs. Assessing the risk of a compound during preclinical studies to cause this cardiotoxicity is thus critically important to the pharmaceutical industry. A wide variety of preclinical approaches exist to evaluate potential QT issues, including in vitro, in vivo and in silico (i.e., computer simulation) methods. We present an evaluation of recent reports implementing these techniques, with an emphasis on the linkage between drug-induced cardiac action potential changes and QT prolongation both in vitro and in silico. We conclude with a strategy that integrates in silico modeling with in vitro and in vivo experimentation to create a compelling package for assessing potential proarrhythmic risk of a compound.
Utilizing Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for Investigation of Bacterial Cell Wall Biochemical Structure

Due to its “fingerprinting” property, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can give significant amount of molecular information about molecular structures in the close vicinity of gold or silver surfaces in a short time. The requirement that the noble metal nanoparticles must be close to the molecular structure for the signal enhancement in SERS can serve as a sensing tool. This study investigates the use of the gold and silver nanoparticles in a controlled manner to obtain molecular level information from microorganisms. The results demonstrate that pH of the sample, the type, surface charge, concentration and arrangement of nanoparticles have a great impact on SERS spectra of bacteria. The finding of these experiments can be used to monitor the changes on the bacterial cell wall and development of novel diagnostic tools for fast microbial identification and discrimination.
Stability radius of linear parameter-varying systems and applications

In this paper, we present an unifying approach to the problems of computing of stability radii of positive linear systems. First, we study stability radii of linear time-invariant parameter-varying differential systems. A formula for complex stability radius under multi perturbations is given. Then, under hypotheses of positivity of the system matrices, we prove that the complex, real and positive stability radius of the system under multi perturbations coincide and they are computed via a simple formula. As applications, we consider problems of computing of (strong) stability radii of linear time-invariant time-delay differential systems and computing of stability radii of positive linear functional differential equations under multi perturbations. We show that for a class of positive linear time-delay differential systems, the stability radii of the system under multi perturbations are equal to the strong stability radii. Next, we prove that the stability radii of a positive linear functional differential equation under multi perturbations are equal to those of the associated linear time-invariant parameter-varying differential system. In particular, we get back some explicit formulas for these stability radii which were given by Ngoc et al., (2005). For sake of space, exposure is kept to minimum in this paper
Circulating Methylated DNA as Biomarkers for Cancer Detection

In addition to genetic alterations including deletion or point mutations, epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation play an important role in silencing tumor suppressor genes dur‐ ing cancer development. By adding a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the cy‐ tosine pyrimidine or adenine purine ring, DNA methylation is important to maintain genome structure and regulate gene expression. In mammalian adult tissues, DNA methyla‐ tion occurs in CpG dinucleotides that often cluster in the genome as CpG islands in the 5’ regulatory regions of the genes. Through recruiting transcriptional co-repressors including methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins (MBDs) and chromatin remodeling proteins like his‐ tone deacetylases (HDACs) or impeding the binding of transcriptional activators, DNA methylation could suppress the transcription of many tumor suppressor genes critical to cancer initiation and progression [1-3].
Ovine epididymitis ( Brucella ovis ) 2 OIE Terrestrial Manual 2015

Identification of the agent: Clinical lesions (epididymitis and orchi-epididymitis) in rams may be 9 indicative of the existence of infection, but laboratory examinations are required to confirm the 10 disease. Laboratory confirmation may be based on direct or indirect methods. Direct diagnosis is 11 made by means of bacteriological isolation of B. ovis from semen samples or tissues of rams, or 12 vaginal discharges, milk and tissues of ewes, on adequate selective media. Molecular methods 13 have been developed for complementary identification based on specific genomic sequences. 14 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods can provide additional means of detection. 15 However, indirect diagnosis based on serological tests is preferred for routine diagnosis. 16
Functional Domains within the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Envelope Protein Required To Enhance Virus Production

ABSTRACT Primate lentiviruses code for a protein that stimulates virus production. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the activity is provided by the accessory protein, Vpu, while in HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus it is a property of the envelope (Env) glycoprotein. Using a group of diverse retroviruses and cell types, we have confirmed the functional equivalence of the two proteins. However, despite these similarities, the two proteins have markedly different functional domains. While the Vpu activity is associated primarily with its membrane-spanning region, we have determined that the HIV-2 Env activity requires both the cytoplasmic tail and ectodomain of the protein, with the membrane-spanning domain being less important. Within the Env cytoplasmic tail, we further defined the necessary sequence as a membrane-proximal tyrosine-based motif. Providing the two Env regions separately as distinct CD8 chimeric proteins did not increase virus release. This suggests that the two domains must be either contained within a single protein or closely associated within a multiprotein oligomer, such as the Env trimer, in order to function. Finally, we observed that wild-type levels of incorporation of the HIV-2 Env into budding viruses were not required for this activity.
Magnetic proximity effect in YBa2Cu3O7/La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO3 and YBa2Cu3O7/LaMnO(3+δ) superlattices.

Using neutron reflectometry and resonant x-ray techniques we studied the magnetic proximity effect (MPE) in superlattices composed of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 and ferromagnetic-metallic La0.67Ca0. 33MnO3 or ferromagnetic-insulating LaMnO(3+δ). We find that the MPE strongly depends on the electronic state of the manganite layers, being pronounced for the ferromagnetic-metallic La0.67Ca0. 33MnO3 and almost absent for ferromagnetic-insulating LaMnO(3+δ). We also detail the change of the magnetic depth profile due to the MPE and provide evidence for its intrinsic nature.
[POSTER] Affording Visual Feedback for Natural Hand Interaction in AR to Assess Upper Extremity Motor Dysfunction

For the clinical community, there is great need for objective, quantitative and valid measures of the factors contributing to motor dysfunction. Currently, there are no standard protocols to assess motor dysfunction in various patient groups, where each medical discipline uses subjectively scored clinical tests, qualitative video analysis, or marker-based motion capturing. We investigate the potential of Augmented Reality (AR) combined with serious gaming and marker-less tracking of the hand to facilitate efficient, cost-effective and patient-friendly methods for evaluation of upper extremity motor dysfunction in different patient groups. First, the design process of the game and the system architecture of the AR framework are described. To provide unhindered assessment of motor dysfunction, patients should operate with the system in a natural way and be able to understand their actions in the virtual AR world. To test this in our system, we conducted a usability study with five healthy people (aged between 57-63) on three different modalities of visual feedback for natural hand interaction with AR objects. These modalities are: no augmented hand, partial augmented hand (tip of index finger and tip of thumb) and a full augmented hand model. The results of the study show that a virtual representation of the fingertips or hand improves the usability of natural hand interaction.
Substrate curvature regulates cell migration

Cell migration is essential in many aspects of biology. Many basic migration processes, including adhesion, membrane protrusion and tension, cytoskeletal polymerization, and contraction, have to act in concert to regulate cell migration. At the same time, substrate topography modulates these processes. In this work, we study how substrate curvature at micrometer scale regulates cell motility. We have developed a 3D mechanical model of single cell migration and simulated migration on curved substrates with different curvatures. The simulation results show that cell migration is more persistent on concave surfaces than on convex surfaces. We have further calculated analytically the cell shape and protrusion force for cells on curved substrates. We have shown that while cells spread out more on convex surfaces than on concave ones, the protrusion force magnitude in the direction of migration is larger on concave surfaces than on convex ones. These results offer a novel biomechanical explanation to substrate curvature regulation of cell migration: geometric constrains bias the direction of the protrusion force and facilitates persistent migration on concave surfaces.
Cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p16 are required for the regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

Regulated cell proliferation is a crucial prerequisite for Schwann cells to achieve myelination in development and regeneration. In the present study, we have investigated the function of the cell cycle inhibitors p21 and p16 as potential regulators of Schwann cell proliferation, using p21‐ or p16‐deficient mice. We report that both inhibitors are required for proper withdrawal of Schwann cells from the cell cycle during development and following injury. Postnatal Schwann cells express p21 exclusively in the cytoplasm, first detectable at postnatal day 7. This cytoplasmic p21 expression is necessary for proper Schwann cell proliferation control in the late development of peripheral nerves. After axonal damage, p21 is found in Schwann cell nuclei during the initiation of the proliferation period. This stage is critically regulated by p21, since loss of p21 leads to a strong increase in Schwann cell proliferation. Unexpectedly, p21 levels are upregulated in this phase suggesting that the role of p21 may be more complex than purely inhibitory for the Schwann cell cycle. However, inhibition of Schwann cell proliferation is the overriding crucial function of p21 and p16 in peripheral nerves as revealed by the consequences of loss‐of‐function in development and after injury. Different mechanisms appear to underlie the inhibitory function, depending on whether p21 is cytoplasmic or nuclear. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human skin permittivity determined by millimeter wave reflection measurements

Millimeter wave reflection from the human skin was studied in the frequency range of 37–74 GHz in steps of 1 GHz. The forearm and palm data were used to model the skin with thin and thick stratum corneum (SC), respectively. To fit the reflection data, a homogeneous unilayer and three multilayer skin models were tested. Skin permittivity in the mm‐wave frequency range resulted from the permittivity of cutaneous free water which was described by the Debye equation. The permittivity increment found from fitting to the experimental data was used for determination of the complex permittivity and water content of skin layers. Our approach, first tested in pure water and gelatin gels with different water contents, gave good agreement with literature data. The homogeneous skin model fitted the forearm data well. Permittivity of the forearm skin obtained with this model was close to the skin permittivity reported by others. To fit reflection from the palmar skin with a thick SC, a skin model containing at least two layers was required. Multilayer models provided better fitting to both the forearm and palmar skin reflection data. The fitting parameters obtained with different models were consistent with each other. Bioelectromagnetics 28:331–339, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The sensory profile: the performance of a national sample of children without disabilities.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to obtain data about a national sample of children without disabilities on the 125-item revision of the Sensory Profile, a tool derived from sensory history items reported in the literature and designed to evaluate children's responses to commonly occurring sensory events. METHOD Parents of 1,115 children completed the Sensory Profile. The children were 3 to 10 years of age and did not have disabilities. Parents used a 5-point Likert scale to report the percentage of time their children engaged in each behavior. Researchers then analyzed the data, using multivariate methods to identify trends in performance and age and gender differences. RESULTS Ninety-one (73%) of the profile's 125 items were found to be uncommon behaviors for this national sample of children without disabilities. Although age and gender differences were significant (p < .001), effect sizes were so small (i.e., below .2) that differences were not meaningful for clinical application (i.e., mean differences less than .5 points). Only two items in the visual category approached a 1-point difference when comparing younger and older children. CONCLUSION There were no meaningful gender differences on the revised Sensory Profile, and only 2 items approached a meaningful difference related to age. Nearly three fourths of the items on the profile were uncommon for children without disabilities. If children with various disabilities display these behaviors, the Sensory Profile can be useful in evaluation and program planning for children with disabilities.
How experts reason: the acquisition of experts' knowledge structures

We were faced with a shelved knowledge system at a health insurance company. The system used Bayesian statistics. For correct computations such a system is of course well suited, but not for the people who use it: people do not easily formulate their expertise in numerical probabilities. We addressed the question of whether it is possible to find out in which format experts do represent their knowledge, and if so, what format that is. This representation might then replace the format of numerical probabilities in the knowledge system's interface, increasing its ease of use. We found one method that includes, apart from a technique to elicit knowledge contents, techniques to also acquire its format: Cognitive Structure Analysis. In this contribution we discuss this method, use it in two studies, and show that it yields valid results. It gives insight into the format of experts' knowledge structures; experts turn out to use mainly frame representations.
In silico structure characterization of Familial Mediterranean fever gene product ( pyrin )

Pyrin is responsible for the development of Familial Mediterranean fever. Using homology modeling combined with ab initio methods we’ve constructed full length structural models of pyrin-fl and pyrin-d2 isoforms and assessed their quality. These models can be used to further explore molecular functions of pyrin, as well as investigate the functional and structural changes caused by FMF-associated mutations.