Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise and physical activity in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology (Subcommittee on Exercise, Rehabilitation, and Prevention) and the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism (Subcommittee on Ph

This statement was reviewed by and has received the endorsement of the American College of Sports Medicine. Regular physical activity using large muscle groups, such as walking, running, or swimming, produces cardiovascular adaptations that increase exercise capacity, endurance, and skeletal muscle strength. Habitual physical activity also prevents the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and reduces symptoms in patients with established cardiovascular disease. There is also evidence that exercise reduces the risk of other chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes,1 osteoporosis,2 obesity,3 depression,4 and cancer of the breast5 and colon.6 This American Heart Association (AHA) Scientific Statement for health professionals summarizes the evidence for the benefits of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, provides suggestions to healthcare professionals for implementing physical activity programs for their patients, and identifies areas for future investigation. This statement focuses on aerobic physical activity and does not directly evaluate resistance exercises, such as weight lifting, because most of the research linking physical activity and cardiovascular disease has evaluated aerobic activity. Whenever possible, the writing group has cited summary articles or meta-analyses to support conclusions and recommendations. This evidence supports the recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) that individuals should engage in 30 minutes or more of moderate-intensity physical activity on most (preferably all) days of the week.7 Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure beyond resting expenditure. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, repetitive, and purposeful in the sense that improvement or maintenance of physical fitness is the objective. Physical fitness includes cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, body composition, and flexibility, comprising a set of attributes that people …
The Role of the Prefrontal Cortex in Inductive Reasoning: An fNIRS Study

This study examined neural activity associated with inductive inference using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Induction is a powerful way of generating new knowledge by generalizing known information to novel items or contexts. Two key bases for identifying targets for induction are perceptual similarity, and rules that specify categoryrelevant features. Similarityand rule-based induction have been argued to represent distinct mechanisms, such that only rule-based induction requires executive function processes associated with the prefrontal cortex (PFC), namely: active maintenance of representations and inhibition of salient but irrelevant features. Here, we address the lack of direct empirical evidence supporting this possibility by recording PFC activity using fNIRS while adult participants (n=24) performed an inductive inference task. We found that PFC activity during induction was greater when participants had been taught a category-inclusion rule versus when participants could only rely on overall similarity.
Image forgery detection based on Colour SIFT

Nowadays several modifications on the digital images are made with the rapid development of image editing tools in recent years. The most common method in the modifications made is copy-move forgery. Majority of the proposed methods to detect copy-move forgery in the literature are based on block and not resistant to various geometric transformation before moving coped image. For this aim the key points of each channel of forged color image are extracted by using Colour SIFT that is the key point-based method. In this study the comparison between SIFT and Colour SIFT is made. More effective forgery detection is made by obtaining more matching points using Colour SIFT than SIFT is seen in the comparison results. Moreover, proposed method detects forged image during rotation, scaling, JPEG compression is shown in the results.
Comparison of Platelet Ultrastructure and Elastic Properties in Thrombo-Embolic Ischemic Stroke and Smoking Using Atomic Force and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Thrombo-embolic ischemic stroke is a serious and debilitating disease, and it remains the second most common cause of death worldwide. Tobacco smoke exposure continues to be responsible for preventable deaths around the world, and is a major risk factor for stroke. Platelets play a fundamental role in clotting, and their pathophysiological functioning is present in smokers and stroke patients, resulting in a pro-thrombotic state. In the current manuscript, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy were used to compare the platelets of smokers, stroke patients and healthy individuals. Results showed that the elastic modulus of stroke platelets is decreased by up to 40%, whereas there is an elasticity decrease of up to 20% in smokers’ platelets. This indicates a biophysical alteration of the platelets. Ultrastructurally, both the stroke patients and smokers’ platelets are more activated than the healthy control group, with prominent cytoskeletal rearrangement involved; but to a more severe extent in the stroke group than in the smokers. Importantly, this is a confirmation of the extent of smoking as risk factor for stroke. We conclude by suggesting that the combined AFM and SEM analyses of platelets might give valuable information about the disease status of patients. Efficacy of treatment regimes on the integrity, cell shape, roughness and health status of platelets may be tracked, as this cell’s health status is crucial in the over-activated coagulation system of conditions like stroke.
Graph-based minimal path tracking in the skeleton of the retinal vascular network

This paper presents a semi-automatic framework for minimal path tracking in the skeleton of the retinal vascular network. The method is based on the graph structure of the vessel network. The vascular network is represented based on the skeleton of the available segmented vessels and using an undirected graph. Significant points on the skeleton are considered nodes of the graph, while the edge of the graph is represented by the vessel segment linking two neighboring nodes. The graph is represented then in the form of a connectivity matrix, using a novel method for defining vertex connectivity. Dijkstra and Floyd-Warshall algorithms are applied for detection of minimal paths within the graph. The major contribution of this work is the accurate detection of significant points and the novel definition of vertex connectivity based on a new neighborhood system adopted. The qualitative performance of our method evaluated on the publicly available DRIVE database shows useful results for further purposes.
BPMN Model Interchange: The Quest for Interoperability

BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) is a widely used standard for modeling business processes. In order to facilitate working with BPMN processes, businesses must be able to exchange process models across applications from various vendors. The vendor-independent BPMN Model Interchange Working Group (BPMN MIWG) is a key part of the Object Management Group's (OMG) interoperability effort. This article introduces the methods and applications which are developed by BPMN MIWG for the purpose of improving the interchange of BPMN models.
PENDEKATAN PENDIDIKAN NILAJ SECARA KOMPREHENSIF SEBAGAI SUATU ALTERNATIF PEMBENTUKAN AKHLAK BANGSA

The eclining quality of the Indonesian character needs to be resolved. One of the ways to solve this problem is through the educational practice, by using a more effective approach. A single approach of values education is considered to be ineffective, that is why it is needed a comprehensive one. The development of students' personality should be holistic in nature, including the intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. Four important substances of values education are values realization, character education, citizenship education, and moral education. Various programs are needed to help young people develop their "life skills". The important goals of character education include: respect, responsibility, compassion, self-discipline, loyalty, courage, tolerance, work ethic, and a belief in and love of God. The major aspects of citizenship education include: knowledge of being good citizens, appreciation to democratic system and civic values, critical thlnking skills, communication skills, cooperation skills, and conflict resolution skills. The major goal of moral education is to produce autonomous individuals who are in a high level of moral reasoning, are colnlnitted to acting in a manner cosistent with it or who have noble characters. The four important substances stated above are better integrated in Religion Education and Pancasila Moral Education. Various strategies of values and moral education should be utilized, including inculcating values, modeling values, facilitating values, and the development of skills for achieving a personally peaceful and socially constructive life, as a manifestation of strong faith.
RamCrypt: Kernel-based Address Space Encryption for User-mode Processes

We present RamCrypt, a solution that allows unmodified Linux processes to transparently work on encrypted data. RamCrypt can be deployed and enabled on a per-process basis without recompiling user-mode applications. In every enabled process, data is only stored in cleartext for the moment it is processed, and otherwise stays encrypted in RAM. In particular, the required encryption keys do not reside in RAM, but are stored in CPU registers only. Hence, RamCrypt effectively thwarts memory disclosure attacks, which grant unauthorized access to process memory, as well as physical attacks such as cold boot and DMA attacks. In its default configuration, RamCrypt exposes only up to 4 memory pages in cleartext at the same time. For the nginx web server serving encrypted HTTPS pages under heavy load, the necessary TLS secret key is hidden for 97% of its time.
FUSE: a system for data-driven multi-level functional summarization of protein interaction networks

Despite recent progress in high-throughput experimental studies, systems level visualization and analysis of large protein interaction networks (PPI) remains a challenging task, given its scale and high-dimensionality. Specifically, techniques that automatically abstract and summarize PPIs at multiple resolutions to provide high level views of its functional landscape are still lacking. In this demonstration, we present a novel data-driven and generic system called FUSE (Functional Summary Generator) that generates functional maps of a PPI at different levels of organization, from broad process-process level interactions to in-depth complex-complex level interactions. By simultaneously evaluating interaction and annotation data, FUSE abstracts higher-order interaction maps by reducing the details of the underlying PPI to form a functional summary graph of interconnected functional clusters. We demonstrate various innovative features of FUSE which aid users to visualize these summaries in a user-friendly manner and navigate through complex PPIs.
Detection of Recurring Software Vulnerabilities Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures

Software security vulnerabilities are discovered on an almost daily basis and have caused substantial damage. It is vital to be able to detect and resolve them as early as possible. One of early detection approaches is to consult with the prior known vulnerabilities and corresponding patches. With the hypothesis that recurring software vulnerabilities are due to software reuse, we conducted an empirical study on several databases for security vulnerabilities and found several recurring and similar software security vulnerabilities occurring in different software systems. Most of recurring vulnerabilities occur in the systems that reuse source code, share libraries/APIs or reuse at a higher level of abstraction (e.g. algorithms, protocols, or specifications). The finding suggests that one could effectively detect and resolve some unreported vulnerabilities in one software system by consulting the prior known and reported vulnerabilities in the other systems that reuse/share source code, libraries/APIs, or specifications. To help developers with this task, we developed SecureSync, a supporting tool to automatically detect recurring software vulnerabilities in different systems that share source code or libraries, which are the most frequent types of recurring vulnerabilities. SecureSync is designed to work with a semi-automatically built knowledge base of the prior known/reported vulnerabilities, including the corresponding systems, libraries, and vulnerable and patched code. To help developers check and fix the vulnerable code, SecureSync also provides some suggestions such as adding missed function calls, adding checking of input/output of a function call, replacing the operators in an expression, etc. We conducted an evaluation on 60 vulnerabilities of with the totals of 176 releases in 119 opensource software systems. The result shows that SecureSync is able to detect recurring vulnerabilities with high accuracy and to identify several vulnerable code locations that are not yet reported or fixed even in mature systems.
Decision-tree based quantization of the feature space of a speech recognizer

1 ABSTRACT We present a decision-tree based procedure to quan-tize the feature-space of a speech recognizer, with the motivation of reducing the computation time required for evaluating gaussians in a speech recognition system. The entire feature space is quantized into non overlapping regions where each region is bounded by a number of hyperplanes. Further, each region is characterized by the occurence of only a small number of the total alphabet of allophones (sub-phonetic speech units); by identifying the region in which a test feature vector lies, only the gaussians that model the density of allophones that exist in that region need be evaluated. The quantization of the feature space is done in a heirarchical manner using a binary decision tree. Each node of the decision tree represents a region of the feature space, and is further characterized by a hyperplane (a vector v n and a scalar threshold value h n), that subdivides the region corresponding to the current node into two non-overlapping regions corresponding to the two children of the current node. Given a test feature vector, the process of nding the region that it lies in involves traversing this binary decision tree, which is computationally inexpensive. We present results of experiments that show that the gaussian computation time can be reduced by as much as a factor of 20 with negligible degradation in accuracy. 2 INTRODUCTION We present a decision-tree based procedure to quantize the feature-space of a speech recognizer. Typically, in speech recogition systems, given a feature vector the conditional probability of the feature vector has to be obtained for several phonetic classes. This is often done by modelling the density of each class as a mixture of gaussians, and evaluating the probability of the feature vector for each of these gaussians 1]. It is not unusual to use tens or even hundreds of thousands of diierent gaussians in such models. This represents a very large computational burden, consequently, methods to reduce this computation are an important focus of current research. Prior techniques to reduce this computation involved vector quantization of the gaussians, or gaussian selection where the full set of gaussians were organized into groups via some heirar-chical scheme; and for a test feature vector, only the gaussians belonging to one of the groups were evaluated 2, 3, 4]. We present an alternative technique here, that is shown to reduce the gaussian computation by a factor …
The Horse before the Cart: Improving the Accuracy of Taxonomic Directions when Building Tag Hierarchies

Content on the Web is huge and constantly growing, and building taxonomies for such content can help with navigation and organisation, but building taxonomies manually is costly and time-consuming. An alternative is to allow users to construct folksonomies: collective social classifications. Yet, folksonomies are inconsistent and their use for searching and browsing is limited. Approaches have been suggested for acquiring implicit hierarchical structures from folksonomies, however, but these approaches suffer from the ‘popularity-generality’ problem, in that popularity is assumed to be a proxy for generality, i.e. high-level taxonomic terms will occur more often than low-level ones. To tackle this problem, we propose in this paper an improved approach. It is based on the Heymann–Benz algorithm, and works by checking the taxonomic directions against a corpus of text. Our results show that popularity works as a proxy for generality in at most 90.91% of cases, but this can be improved to 95.45% using our approach, which should translate to higher-quality tag hierarchy structures
Two-Stage Method for Large-Scale Acquisition of Contradiction Pattern Pairs using Entailment

In this paper we propose a two-stage method to acquire contradiction relations between typed lexico-syntactic patterns such as Xdrug prevents Ydisease and Ydisease caused by Xdrug. In the first stage, we train an SVM classifier to detect contradiction pattern pairs in a large web archive by exploiting the excitation polarity (Hashimoto et al., 2012) of the patterns. In the second stage, we enlarge the first stage classifier’s training data with new contradiction pairs obtained by combining the output of the first stage’s classifier and that of an entailment classifier. We acquired this way 750,000 typed Japanese contradiction pattern pairs with an estimated precision of 80%. We plan to release this resource to the NLP community.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) Pericarp

This study examined the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the water extract of longan pericarp (WLP). The results showed that WLP exhibited radical scavenging, reducing activity and liposome protection activity. In addition, WLP also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages. Further, administration of WLP, in the range of 100–400 mg/kg, showed a concentration-dependent inhibition on paw edema development following carrageenan (Carr) treatment in mice. The anti-inflammatory effects of WLP may be related to NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) suppression and associated with the increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Overall, the results showed that WLP might serve as a natural antioxidant and inflammatory inhibitor.
Estimation of the Impact of Meningococcal Serogroup C Universal Vaccination in Italy and Suggestions for the Multicomponent Serogroup B Vaccine Introduction

In Italy, the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine (MenC) has been offered in most regions since 2009-2010. The incidence of Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) was 0.25 confirmed cases per 100,000 in 2011, but this may be considerably underestimated due to underdetection and underreporting. This study estimates the impact of the MenC universal vaccination (URV) in the Puglia region by assessing the completeness of three registration sources (notifications, hospitalizations, and laboratory surveillance). Capture-recapture analysis was performed on meningococcal meningitis collected within 2001–2013. The impact of URV among ≤18-year-olds was assessed by attributable benefit, preventable fraction, and prevented fraction. Missed opportunities for vaccination were evaluated from surveillance of IMD. The proportion of detected serogroups was applied to the number of IMD in the postvaccination period to compute the cases still preventable. The sensitivity of the three sources was 36.7% (95% CI: 17.5%–57.9%) and registrations lost nearly 28 cases/year in the period. Attributable benefit of URV was −0.5 cases per 100,000, preventable fraction 19.6%, and prevented fraction 31.3%. Three adolescent cases missed the opportunity to be vaccinated. The multicomponent serogroup B meningococcal vaccine has the potential to further prevent at least three other cases/year. Vaccination strategy against serogroup B together with existing programmes makes IMD a 100% vaccine-preventable disease.
The potential of cognitive think-aloud protocols for educational action-research

This article presents the case for the use of the ‘think-aloud protocol’ by teachers who engage in action-research as a source of constructive information about their students’ cognitive learning processes. This method calls upon learners to talk their thoughts out aloud, during engagement in some learning activity regarding which the researching teachers seek insight to inform them to plan enhancement of the learning and teaching process. The case for ‘think-aloud’ reporting of particular learning activities is supported by a review of relevant literature. Accounts of diverse experiences in various discipline areas using modified versions of think-aloud protocols in action-researching are presented, with reports of their transformative outcomes. Reasoned reservations regarding the reliability of uncorroborated sources of retrospective data about students’ learning are advanced. Refined methodologies are outlined together with general guidelines, for those minded to explore their value in their own contexts.
Organizational correlates of continuity of care: A pendulum swing between differentiation and integration

Introduction Continuity of care is among the foundations of primary care and has long been identified as a critical determinant of healthcare outcomes. This article aims to assess through an empirical study the relationships between distinct organizational features (namely, the use of clinical pathways and clinical databases, and the centralization of healthcare setting or provider) and types of patient-perceived continuity of care. Methods A multilevel regression model was performed, analyzing survey data on patient-perceived continuity of care and on the organization of care for three specific chronic conditions (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and late-stage cancer). A total of 497 healthcare professional responses (79% response rate) and 323 patient responses were collected in 13 Italian Local Health Authorities. Results Clinical pathways have a statistically significant and positive effect on relational continuity (p ≤ 0.01), while centralization of care in one professional improves the perceived quality of the relationship from a longitudinal perspective. A small, but statistically significant, improvement in continuity of care was detected when services are taken out of the hospital. No statistical significant effect of the use of clinical databases by professionals was found. Conclusions Although largely neglected, organizational features can impact the continuity of care experienced by patients. The higher prevalence of chronic conditions should push modern health systems for more extensive attention towards organizational strategies aimed at enhancing continuity of care.