Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polycomb Group Protein Bmi1 Is Required for Growth of RAF Driven Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Background We have previously described a RAF oncogene driven transgenic mouse model for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here we examine whether tumor initiation and growth requires the stem cell self-renewal factor Bmi1. Principal Findings In order to evaluate Bmi1 function in NSCLC two founder lines that differ in incidence and latency of tumor formation were compared. Ablation of Bmi1 expression in both lines had a dramatically decreased tumor growth. As the line with shorter latency matched the life span of Bmi1 knock out mice, these mice were chosen for further study. The absence of Bmi1 did not decrease the number of tumor initiation in these mice as only the size and not the number of tumors decreased. Reduction in tumor growth resulted from an increase in cell death and decrease in cell cycle progression that corresponded with up-regulation of the p16INK4a and p19ARF. Significance The data identifies Bmi1 as an important factor for expansion but not initiation of RAF driven NSCLC.
A tunneling approach to routing with unidirectional links in mobile ad-hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a set of similar mobile nodes, communicating with each other using wireless links. As a node may not be able to directly reach every other node, a packet may need to traverse multiple wireless links from its source to its destination. Unidirectional links can occur in such networks. Several existing routing protocols implicitly assume bidirectional links when making their routing decisions. Not using unidirectional links can lead to sub-optimal routes. A tunneling solution to allow efficient operation in ad hoc networks with unidirectional links is presented. The tunneling solution uses information gathered by the routing protocol to tunnel packets from the end-point of the unidirectional link to its source. A naive implementation of tunneling could lead to loops in the system and a deluge of packets. This is because when ACKs (acknowledgments) for link layer messages are tunneled across unidirectional links, ACKs for them may end up being generated recursively. The solution presented here prevents such a packet explosion from occurring.
Pedestrian Detection via Mixture of CNN Experts and Thresholded Aggregated Channel Features

In this paper, we propose a two stage pedestrian detector. The first stage involves a cascade of Aggregated Channel Features (ACF) to extract potential pedestrian windows from an image. We further introduce a thresholding technique on the ACF confidence scores that segregates candidate windows lying at the extremes of the ACF score distribution. The windows with ACF scores in between the upper and lower bounds are passed on to a Mixture of Expert (MoE) CNNs for more refined classification in the second stage. Results show that the designed detector yields better than state-of-the-art performance on the INRIA benchmark dataset and yields a miss rate of 10.35% at FPPI=10-1.
Budget of N 2 O emissions at the watershed scale: role of land cover and topography (the Orgeval basin, France)

Abstract. Agricultural basins are the major source of N2O emissions, with arable land accounting for half of the biogenic emissions worldwide. Moreover, N2O emission strongly depends on the position of agricultural land in relation with topographical gradients, as footslope soils are often more prone to denitrification. The estimation of land surface area occupied by agricultural soils depends on the available spatial input information and resolution. Surface areas of grassland, forest and arable lands were estimated for the Orgeval sub-basin using two cover representations: the pan European CORINE Land Cover 2006 database (CLC 2006) and a combination of two databases produced by the IAU IDF (Institut d'Amenagement et d'Urbanisme de la Region d'Ile-de-France), the MOS (Mode d'Occupation des Sols) combined with the ECOMOS 2000 (a land-use classification). In this study, we have analyzed how different land-cover representations influence and introduce errors into the results of regional N2O emissions inventories. A further introduction of the topography concept was used to better identify the critical zones for N2O emissions, a crucial issue to better adapt the strategies of N2O emissions mitigation. Overall, we observed that a refinement of the land-cover database led to a 5 % decrease in the estimation of N2O emissions, while the integration of the topography decreased the estimation of N2O emissions up to 25 %.
A New Method to Separate Star-forming from AGN Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift: The Submillijansky Radio Population in the VLA-COSMOS Survey

We explore the properties of the submillijansky radio population at 20 cm by applying a newly developed optical color-based method to separate star-forming (SF) from active galactic nucleus (AGN) galaxies at intermediate redshifts (z≲ 1.3). Although optical rest-frame colors are used, our separation method is shown to be efficient and not biased against dusty starburst galaxies. This classification method has been calibrated and tested on a local radio-selected optical sample. Given accurate multiband photometry and redshifts, it carries the potential to be generally applicable to any galaxy sample where SF and AGN galaxies are the two dominant populations. In order to quantify the properties of the submillijansky radio population, we have analyzed ~2,400 radio sources, detected at 20 cm in the VLA-COSMOS survey; 90% of these have submillijansky flux densities. We classify the objects into (1) star candidates, (2) quasi-stellar objects, (3) AGN, (4) SF, and (5) high-redshift (z > 1.3) galaxies. We find, for the composition of the submillijansky radio population, that SF galaxies are not the dominant population at submillijansky flux levels, as previously often assumed, but that they make up an approximately constant fraction of 30%-40% in the flux density range of ~50 μJy to 0.7 mJy. In summary, based on the entire VLA-COSMOS radio population at 20 cm, we find that the radio population at these flux densities is a mixture of roughly 30%-40% of SF and 50%-60% of AGN galaxies, with a minor contribution (~10%) of QSOs.
High Energy Laser Progressive Wavefront Modeling

Abstract : High energy lasers have the potential to revolutionize naval warfighting by providing a weapons platform that has greater precision and speed than anything currently available. These lasers can be mounted on ships for surface warfare or mounted on satellites for strikes anywhere around the world. Crucial to the development of these lasers is an understanding of how different atmospheric conditions affect the laser's propagation and the shape of the beam when it finally illuminates the target. Dr. Bill Colson from the Naval Postgraduate School Physics Department developed a computer model for simulating these beams; however, his program can only output two dimensional slices of the three dimensional laser. Theoretically, the beams should be forming "noodles" of energy that break off from the main beam, but that can be difficult to see from Colson's original output. This project aims to modify Colson's program so that it can create three dimensional models of the laser beams, and show the progression of the beams over time.
Reactive oxygen species and oxidative burst: Roles in stress, senescence and signal transduction in plants

The oxidative burst, during which large quantities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, peroxy radicals, alkoxy rad icals, singlet oxygen, etc. are generated, is one of the earliest responses of plant cells under various abio tic and biotic stresses and natural course of senescence. In fact, reactions involving ROS are an inherent fe ature of plant cells and contribute to a process of oxidative deterioration that may lead ultimately to cell death. Sources of ROS include leakage of electrons from electron transport systems, decompartmentalization of iron which facilitates generation of highly reactive h ydroxyl radicals, and also various biological reactions. The imposition of both abiotic and biotic stresses causes overproduction of ROS, which ultimately imposes a secondary oxidative stress in plant cells. Degradation of membrane lipids, resulting in free fatty acids, initiates oxidative deterioration by providing a substrate for enzyme lipoxygenase, causing membrane lipid peroxidation. Since lipid peroxidation is known to produce alkoxy, peroxy radicals as well as singlet oxygen, these reactions in the membrane are a major source of ROS in plant cells. Regulatory mechanisms function both at gene and protein level to coordinate antioxidant responses. Superimposed upon our understanding of ROS-induced oxidative damages and their protection by antioxidative system, is the newly discovered role of ROS in signalling processes. ROS like H2O2 act as a signalling molecule, second messenger, mediating the acquisition of tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. ROS as ubiquitous messengers of stress responses likely play a signalling role in various ada ptive processes. Plants can sense, transduce and translate ROS signal into appropriate cellular responses with the help of some redox-sensitive proteins. Hydrogen peroxide has been implicated as a key factor mediating programmed cell death. Plants exposed to abiotic stresses can produce a systemic signal, a component of which may be H 2O2 which sets up an acclimatary response in unstressed regions of plants. ROS is also found to communicate with other signal molecules and the pathways forming part of signa lling network that controls responses downstream of ROS.
On the suboptimality of DDF and static QMF communication strategies in half-duplex single relay networks

The diversity-multiplexing trade-off (DMT) expresses the optimal trade-off between the transmission rate and the error probability for communications at high signal to noise ratios (SNR) in wireless networks with fading channels. For half-duplex single relay networks with quasi-static fading channels, if the average signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the source-relay (S-R) link is equal to the average SNR of the relay-destination (RD) link, quantize-map-and-forward (QMF) and dynamic decode-and-forward (DDF) strategies are DMT optimal at high and low multiplexing gains, respectively. In this paper, we show that DDF and SQMF strategies are not generally DMT optimal in half-duplex single relay networks when the average SNR of the S-R link and R-D link are not equal. We show that DMT of dynamic QMF strategy is strictly greater than DMT of DDF and static QMF strategies for a specific half-duplex single relay network at certain multiplexing gains.
On Packing Two-Dimensional Bins

Suppose we are given a set L of rectangular items and wish to pack them into identical rectangular bins, so that no two items overlap and so that the number of bins used is minimized. This generalization of the standard one-dimensional bin packing problem models problems arising in a variety of applications, from truck loading to the design of VLSI chips. We propose a hybrid algorithm, based on algorithms for simpler bin packing problems, and show that proof techniques developed for the simpler cases can be combined to prove close bounds on the worst case behavior of the new hybrid. These are the first such close bounds obtained for this problem.
Iterative refinement of amplitude and phase in single-channel speech enhancement

While the state-of-the-art speech enhancement methods are fo-cused on the modiﬁcation of the noisy spectral amplitude, our recent ﬁndings demonstrate positive impact of incorporating the speech phase spectrum in speech enhancement. In this show and tell proposal, we demonstrate the recent progress towards utilizing the phase information in closed-loop iterative manner leading to the joint enhancement of amplitude and phase spectra. In this show and tell, we provide a demo where a recorded speech corrupted with noise is enhanced by an iterative reﬁne-ment of amplitude and phase. The improvement in speech enhancement in various signal-to-noise ratios is justiﬁed by im-proved perceived speech quality as well as not degrading the speech intelligibility performance.
VISUAL IMPLICIT LEARNING OVERCOMES LIMITS IN HUMAN ATTENTION

The human cognitive system is stunningly powerful in some respects yet surprisingly limited in others. We can recognize an object or a face in a single glimpse and type 70 words per minute, yet we cannot hold more than a few objects at a time in working memory or split our attention to several locations. Attention and working memory impose major capacity limitations on cognitive processing. This study focuses on implicit visual learning, a process that allows us to overcome cognitive limitations. We examined variability across individuals in their ability to learn spatial context, and the neural substrates underlying learning. Results showed that variations across normal adults in spatial context learning do not correlate with an individual’s episodic memory or spatial ability, suggesting that limits in an individual’s episodic memory or spatial abilities do not constrain visual implicit learning. The variations are inconsistent across testing sessions, with no single individuals persistently failing to learn. Brain regions include parahippocampal place area and the posterior parietal cortex are involved in different aspects of spatial context learning.
Lazy Analytics: Let Other Queries Do the Work For You

We propose a class of query, called a derange query, that maps a function over a set of records and lazily aggregates the results. Derange queries defer work until it is either convenient or necessary, and, as a result, can reduce total I/O costs of the system. Derange queries operate on a view of the data that is consistent with the point in time that they are issued, regardless of when the computation completes. They are most useful for performing calculations where the results are not needed until some future deadline. When necessary, derange queries can also execute immediately. Users can view partial results of in-progress queries at low cost.
Coracohumeral Distances and Correlation to Arm Rotation

Background: Reduced coracohumeral distances have been reported to be associated with anterior shoulder disorders such as subscapularis tears, biceps tendon injuries, and leading edge supraspinatus tears. Purpose: To determine the variability in coracohumeral distance as a function of arm rotation in healthy male subjects. The null hypothesis was that no differences in coracohumeral distance would exist with respect to arm rotation. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 9 male participants who had full range of motion, strength, and no prior surgery or symptoms in their tested shoulders were enrolled in this institutional review board–approved study. Computed tomography scans of the shoulder were obtained for each subject. A dynamic biplane fluoroscopy system recorded internal and external shoulder rotation with the arm held in the neutral position. Three-dimensional reconstructions of each motion were generated, and the coracohumeral distance and coracoid index (lateral extension of the coracoid) were measured. Results: The mean coracohumeral distance in neutral rotation was 12.7 ± 2.1 mm. A significantly shorter minimum coracohumeral distance of 10.6 ± 1.8 mm was achieved (P = .001) at a mean glenohumeral joint internal rotation angle of 36.6° ± 19.2°. This corresponded to a reduction in coracohumeral distance of 16.4% (range, 6.6%-29.8%). The mean coracoid index was 14.2 ± 6.8 mm. A moderate correlation (R = −0.75) existed between the coracohumeral distance and coracoid index. Conclusion: Coracohumeral distance was reduced during internal rotation. Decreased coracohumeral distance was correlated with larger coracoid indices. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a reference value for coracohumeral distance in the healthy male population. Knowledge of how coracohumeral distance varies over the range of arm internal-external rotation may improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment plan for patients with anterior shoulder pathology, specifically subcoracoid impingement. Imaging of the coracohumeral distance during internal rotation with the hand at approximately midline should be considered to assess patients with anterior shoulder pain.
The interrelationship between service features, job satisfaction and customer satisfaction

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to present a conceptual framework which explores the links between the two service features (physical and interactive), job satisfaction and their impact on customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach – A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 168 first line employees of a major European port. Structural equation modelling and regression analysis were used to examine and test the relationships.Findings – The empirical data verifies structural relationships between service quality, customer satisfaction and job satisfaction, treating job satisfaction as a consequence of physical features and as an antecedent of interactive features. The direct impact of employee job satisfaction on customer satisfaction, together with its indirect influence via service features, were tested and supported by the empirical data.Originality/value – This study extends the literature by examining the distinct role that the interactive and physical features of .
Unified Sum-BER Performance Analysis of AF MIMO Beamforming in Two-Way Relay Networks

Unified performance analysis is carried out for amplify-and-forward (AF) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) beamforming (BF) two-way relay networks in Rayleigh fading with five different relaying protocols including two novel protocols for better performance. As a result, a novel closed-form sum-bit error rate (BER) expression is presented in a unified expression for all protocols. A new closed-form high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) performance is also obtained in a single expression, and an analytical high-SNR gap expression between the five protocols is provided. We compare the performance of the five relaying protocols with respect to sum-BER with appropriately normalized rate and power, and show that the proposed protocol with four time slots outperforms other protocols when transmit powers from two sources are sufficiently different, and the one with three time slots dominates other protocols when multiple relay antennas are used, at high-SNR.
A Comparison of Iterative Solvers for Nonsymmetric Linear Systems in Problems from Dopant-diiusion Technische Universit at M Unchen Cataloging Data : a Comparison of Iterative Solvers for Nonsymmetric Linear Systems in Problems from Dopant-diiusion a Comparison of Iterative Solvers

This paper describes numerical experiments on the iterative solution of nonsymmetric linear systems arising in the di usion-part of process simulation. Bi-CGSTAB and GB(N), two more recently proposed iterative solvers for nonsymmetric linear systems, are shortly presented. Their performance is compared with the rather well known methods CGS and GMRES(N) in numerical tests. The modeling of di usion in process simulation is sketched to illustrate where the test problems came from.
Neuroprotective Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

The study investigated the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in a rodent model (rAION). rAION was laser-induced in one eye of 63 mice. The fellow (uninjured) eye served as an internal control. Thirty-three mice underwent two 90-min sessions of 100% oxygen (2 atm) treatment immediately following injury and one session daily thereafter for up to 14 days. The remaining mice were untreated. Retinas were harvested at different time points, and mRNA levels of various genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and histologic study. Untreated mice: day 1 post-rAION – SOD-1 (oxidative-stress-related) decreased to 82% of control (uninjured eye) levels (P < 0.05), Caspase-3 (proapoptotic) decreased to 89%, Bcl-xL mildly increased (117%; all NS); day 3 – HO-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS; ischaemia-related) decreased to 74%, and Bcl-2-associated X protein, Caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2; apoptotic) increased by 170, 120, and 111%, respectively (all NS); day 21 – HO-1 increased to 222% (NS) and eNOS decreased to 48% (P < 0.05). Treated mice: day 1 – SOD-1 and Caspase-3 remained unchanged, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL mildly increased (112 and 126% respectively); day 3 – HO-1 and eNOS increased, apoptosis-related gene decreased; day 21 – SOD-1 decreased whereas eNOS increased (P < 0.05), and HO-1 increased to a lesser degree than without treatment. None of the oxygen-treated animals had retinal ganglion cell loss or a decrease in Thy-1 expression. In conclusion, HBO treatment after rAION induction influences the expression of apoptosis-related genes as well as oxidative-stress-induced and ischaemia-related genes and may exert a neuroprotective effect.
Rethinking Public Relations: PR Propaganda and Democracy

1. A Great Niagara of PR 2. PR from Top to Bottom 3. A Future with PR 4. PR and Propaganda 5. PR Propaganda in the UK 6. Can PR and Democracy Co-exist? 7. Is PR Damaging Democracy? 8. Ethics, Social Responsibility, Stakeholders 9. Politics, Corporate PR, Campaigning 10. Markets, Branding, Reputation 11. Media Matters 12. The Consequences of PR Propaganda
Integrated traction control strategy for distributed drive electric vehicles with improvement of economy and longitudinal driving stability

This paper presents an integrated traction control strategy (ITCS) for distributed drive electric vehicles. The purpose of the proposed strategy is to improve vehicle economy and longitudinal driving stability. On high adhesion roads, economy optimization algorithm is applied to maximize motors efficiency by means of the optimized torque distribution. On low adhesion roads, a sliding mode control (SMC) algorithm is implemented to guarantee the wheel slip ratio around the optimal slip ratio point to make full use of road adhesion capacity. In order to avoid the disturbance on slip ratio calculation due to the low vehicle speed, wheel rotational speed is taken as the control variable. Since the optimal slip ratio varies according to different road conditions, Bayesian hypothesis selection is utilized to estimate the road friction coefficient. Additionally, the ITCS is designed for combining the vehicle economy and stability control through three traction allocation cases: economy-based traction allocation, pedal self-correcting traction allocation and inter-axles traction allocation. Finally, simulations are conducted in CarSim and Matlab/Simulink environment. The results show that the proposed strategy effectively reduces vehicle energy consumption, suppresses wheels-skid and enhances the vehicle longitudinal stability and dynamic performance.