Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Importance of “Downtime” for Democratic Dance Pedagogy: Insights from a Dance Program Serving Asian American Youth

ABSTRACT This article examines how youth participants in a community-based dance program developed a strong sense of purpose and a commitment to the community organization by leading their peers during informal, unstructured class time. These results are of particular importance to dance educators and policymakers who aim to foster leadership opportunities among young dancers as part of a commitment to social justice education, culturally relevant pedagogy, or democratic teaching practices. By examining how young dance students explore notions of empowerment, purpose, and a sense of belonging in the community, this article meaningfully contributes to the literature on leadership, youth identity, and community building in dance.
Single- and Dual-Band Transparent Circularly Polarized Patch Antennas With Metamaterial Loading

In this letter, we present circularly polarized (CP) patch antennas that achieve up to 70% optical transparency by using a wire-mesh patch and by cutting the same grid pattern through the substrate. Glass or quartz wafers are therefore not needed, and our antennas may be fabricated on standard ceramic substrates, reducing cost and simplifying construction. Metamaterial loading is incorporated in one patch to control the relative phase difference between the patch's orthogonal modes, which in turn produces dual-band CP radiation. Our dual-band transparent antenna operates at 2.35 and 2.73 GHz with peak radiation efficiencies of 70% and 78%, respectively.
A Learning-Based Resegmentation Method for Extraction of Buildings in Satellite Images

This letter introduces a new method for building extraction in satellite images. The algorithm first identifies the shadow segments on an oversegmented image, and then neighboring shadow segments, which are assumed to be cast by a single building, are merged. Next, candidate regions where buildings most likely occur are detected by using these shadow regions. Along with this information, closeness to shadows in illumination direction and spectral properties of segments are used to classify them as belonging to a "building" or not. Then, a resegmentation is performed by merging only the neighboring segments, which are classified as building. Finally, postprocessing is performed to eliminate some false building segments. The approach was tested on several Google Earth images, and the results are found to be promising.
Structural Insights into the Polyphyletic Origins of Glycyl tRNA Synthetases*♦

Glycyl tRNA synthetase (GlyRS) provides a unique case among class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, with two clearly widespread types of enzymes: a dimeric (α2) species present in some bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes; and a heterotetrameric form (α2β2) present in most bacteria. Although the differences between both types of GlyRS at the anticodon binding domain level are evident, the extent and implications of the variations in the catalytic domain have not been described, and it is unclear whether the mechanism of amino acid recognition is also dissimilar. Here, we show that the α-subunit of the α2β2 GlyRS from the bacterium Aquifex aeolicus is able to perform the first step of the aminoacylation reaction, which involves the activation of the amino acid with ATP. The crystal structure of the α-subunit in the complex with an analog of glycyl adenylate at 2.8 Å resolution presents a conformational arrangement that properly positions the cognate amino acid. This work shows that glycine is recognized by a subset of different residues in the two types of GlyRS. A structural and sequence analysis of class II catalytic domains shows that bacterial GlyRS is closely related to alanyl tRNA synthetase, which led us to define a new subclassification of these ancient enzymes and to propose an evolutionary path of α2β2 GlyRS, convergent with α2 GlyRS and divergent from AlaRS, thus providing a possible explanation for the puzzling existence of two proteins sharing the same fold and function but not a common ancestor.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α C1772T Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Including 18,334 Subjects

Studies on HIF 1α C1772T (P582S) polymorphism revealed a genetic susceptibility to malignant tumors, however, the results were conflicting. We conducted a meta-analysis utilizing 29 eligible case–control studies to analyze the data concerning the association between the HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism and cancer risks. There was statistical association between the HIF-1α CT/TT genotype and cancer risk (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06–1.54, Pheterogeneity < .00001). The stability of these observations was confirmed by a one-way sensitivity analysis. Our findings suggested that CT/TT genotype was associated with increased risks of prostate cancer. Besides, the HIF-1α C1772T polymorphism most likely contributes to susceptibility to malignant tumors, especially in American population.
Visual field effects on motion sickness in cars.

BACKGROUND It is commonly assumed that car passengers who suffer from motion sickness will benefit from being able to see the road ahead. HYPOTHESIS It was hypothesized that variations in the external view (including restrictions to forward view and the provision of an artificial real-time video view) would affect the development of sickness during a 30-min suburban car journey. METHOD Motion sickness was investigated in 4 experiments using 15 different conditions, with 20 subjects in each condition. The conditions involved artificial restrictions to view, restrictions arising from different seating positions, and the provision of a video view of the road ahead. Subjects provided ratings of motion sickness at 1-min intervals during the 30-min journey. The motion sickness susceptibility of subjects was matched between groups of subjects and the car motions were measured in three axes to determine whether the motion conditions were similar across conditions within each experiment. RESULTS Absence of a visual field (blindfolded) resulted in similar sickness to that with no external forward view (with or without a side view). A wide or narrow forward view (with or without a side view) reduced sickness. For the conditions of these experiments, seating position did not significantly affect sickness. The provision of a real-time video view of the road ahead did not reduce motion sickness. There was circumstantial evidence that horizontal acceleration at frequencies below 0.1 Hz contributed to sickness. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that sickness in cars is dependent on the visual scene. The minimization of sickness by the provision of visual information requires improved understanding of those factors that combine to cause and suppress sickness.
Preemptive Therapy of EBV‐Related Lymphoproliferative Disease after Pediatric Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation

The treatment of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐related post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is still unsatisfactory. We conducted a prospective trial to evaluate the impact of routine EBV surveillance and preemptive treatment with the anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab on the development of PTLD in pediatric recipients of extensively T‐cell depleted HSCT from an HLA‐haploidentical relative. Twenty‐seven patients were included in the surveillance program, 12 developed EBV DNA positivity, with 8 of 12 presenting with sustained viral DNA levels requiring treatment with rituximab. Treatment was well tolerated, and induced clearance of EBV DNA in all patients. However, 4/8 patients showed a new increase in EBV load, coincident with the emergence of CD20−/CD19+ B cells in peripheral blood, accompanied by overt PTLD in 3 patients. The latter cleared PTLD after receiving donor EBV‐specific cytotoxic T‐lymphocytes (CTLs), and persist in remission at a median 30‐month follow‐up. EBV‐specific T‐cell frequency, undetectable at time of EBV DNA positivity, was restored by T‐cell therapy to levels comparable with controls. We conclude that preemptive therapy with rituximab is safe, but only partly effective in haplo‐HSCT recipients. Patients who progress to PTLD under rituximab treatment can be rescued permanently by infusion of EBV‐specific CTLs.
Public Employment Effects over the Business Cycle: the Czech Case

The paper contributes to understanding the effects stemming from the public sector employment changes in the Czech Republic and their impacts on the labor market through the lens of a New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with search and matching frictions. The size of the public sector has been generally expanding over the last decade contrary to many other European countries with the exception of the years 2011 - 2012 when the economic crisis became more evident even in the otherwise financially stable Czech Republic. We model the labor market dynamics across the business cycle and examine the impacts of the varying number of public workers on the labor market variables as private employment, unemployment rate and market tightness as well as on the overall economic growth. We aim at determining whether a portion of unemployment can be explained by either the increased public hiring or shrinking of the number of public employees in the last decade. As the results suggest, in re cessionary times the expansion of the public sector managed to keep the unemployment rate from attaining higher values. However, the following turnover of government size development threw the labor market into a deeper crisis than it would have been if the public sector size had remained unaltered.
Cross-View Gait Identification with Embedded Learning

To improve the accuracy of cross-view gait identification, a novel approach is proposed in this paper. We design a triplet-based convolution neural network with embedded learning. Meanwhile, to prevent over-fitting, we adopt a shallow layer convolution neural network. This network model is trained through the triplet loss function, which makes inter-class variations larger than intra-class variations. The network takes triplet samples as input which are consisted of three parts, query sample, positive sample and negative sample. All triplet samples are selected from two kinds of the challenging gait dataset, such as the CASIA-B dataset and OU-ISIR dataset. Extensive evaluations are carried out based on the new network. Experimental results show that the triplet-based convolution neural network performs better than the traditional ones for the gait identification under cross-view angle. Especially for the large scale dataset, this method performs best. Various kinds of evaluations show its great potential for practical applications.
Experimental investigation of leaky Lamb modes by an optically induced grating

By removing the symmetry of a free plate configuration, fluid loading significantly modifies the nature of acoustic waves travelling along a plate, and it even gives existence to new acoustic modes. We present theoretical predictions for the existence, dispersive behavior, and spatial distribution of leaky Lamb waves in a fluid-loaded film. Although Lamb modes are often investigated by studying the radiated fluid waves resulting from their leakage, here their properties are assessed by detecting the wave displacements directly using laser beam deflection. By using crossed laser beam excitation, the detection and analysis of the different modes is done at a fixed wavelength, allowing one to verify the existence, the velocity, and the damping of each predicted mode in a simple and unambiguous way. Our theoretical predictions for the nature of the modes in a water-loaded Plexiglas film, including parts of looping modes, are experimentally confirmed.
Predictive control algorithm for phase-locked loops

Phase-locked loops (PLLs) exhibit a tradeoff between settling time and noise rejection, due to the fact that a low noise PLL requires a narrow bandwidth (BW) loop filter, which degrades settling time. However, the moments when fast settling or good noise rejection is required are clearly identified in a PLL, and this can be used to overcome this tradeoff. A recent technique - PLL gear shifting - exploits this fact by modifying the loop filter BW according to the PLL current objective. In this work, a similar solution based on predictive control techniques is presented. Through a very simple digital loop filter an optimal response is obtained, where a single parameter controls the bandwidth to improve either settling time or noise rejection.
Carbon Nanotube-Based Triode Field Emission Lamps Using Metal Meshes With Spacers

We fabricated a carbon nanotube (CNT)-based triode field emission flat lamp with a gated emitter structure, which is composed of a metal grid with a spacer as a gate, a cathode electrode layer, and a CNT layer. The metal mesh was designed with trenches and numerous holes to make a gap between gate and cathode electrodes and to provide electrons with a highly efficient passage. We observed that this metal mesh decreased the vibration and leakage current owing to high electric field generated from anode. As a result, the uniformity and stability of this field emission lamp was improved
Wrap-gated inas nanowire field-effect transistor

Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on semiconductor nanowires (Bryllert et al., 2005) have the potential to improve certain aspects of existing planar FET technologies. The possibility to form wrap-gates gives an efficient gate coupling resulting in reduced drain-induced barrier lowering. Furthermore, lateral strain relaxation allows a new freedom in combining materials in heterostructures, where materials with different lattice constants can be combined without defects (Bjork et al., 2002). Since the transistor channel, unlike the planar FETs, is vertical, heterostructures may be used to tailor the bandstructure along the direction of current flow. In this paper, we demonstrate a new technology to fabricate vertical nanowire FETs in a process that almost exclusively relies on optical lithography and standard III-V processing techniques. We measure encouraging electrical data, including current saturation at Vds equiv 0.15 V (for Vg equiv 0 V) and low voltage operation Vth equiv -0.15 V, and present opportunities to improve the device performance by heterostructure design
Synaptic integration in a model of cerebellar granule cells.

1. We have developed a compartmental model of a turtle cerebellar granule cell consisting of 13 compartments that represent the soma and 4 dendrites. We used this model to investigate the synaptic integration of mossy fiber inputs in granule cells. 2. The somatic compartment contained six active ionic conductances: a sodium conductance with fast activation and inactivation kinetics, gNa; a high-voltage-activated calcium conductance, gCa(HVA); a delayed potassium conductance, gK(DR); a transient potassium conductance, gK(A); a slowly relaxing mixed Na+/K+ conductance activating at hyperpolarized membrane potentials, gH, and a calcium- and voltage-dependent potassium conductance, gK(Ca). The kinetics of these conductances was derived from electrophysiological studies in a variety of preparations, including turtle and rat granule cells. 3. In the soma, dynamics of intracellular free Ca2+ was modeled by incorporation of a Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, radial diffusion, and binding sites for Ca2+. 4. The model of the turtle granule cell exhibited depolarization-induced action potential firing with properties closely resembling those seen with intracellular recordings in turtle granule cells in vitro. 5. In the most distal compartments of the dendrites, mossy fiber activity induced synaptic currents mediated by alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)- and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type of glutamate receptors. The strength of synaptic inputs chosen was such that the synaptic potential induced by synchronous activation of two mossy fiber synapses reached threshold for induction of a single action potential. 6. The slow time course of the NMDA synaptic current together with the slow relaxation kinetics of gH significantly affected the temporal summation of excitatory synaptic potentials. A priming action potential evoked by mossy fiber stimulation increased the maximal time interval between two synaptic potentials capable to reach again threshold for a subsequent action potential. This time interval then decreased in parallel with the decay of the NMDA synaptic current, reached a minimum after 200 ms, and slowly recovered with reactivation of gH. 7. Repetitive, steady activation of synaptic conductances by a single mossy fiber at different frequencies induced action potential firing with a sharp threshold at 12 Hz. Activity of a single or of several mossy fibers induced firing of the granule cell at a frequency close to that induced when the average synaptic current was directly injected into the cell. The mossy fiber activity-granule cell firing frequency curve was close to linear with a slope of about one-half for input frequencies < or = 400 Hz. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Leveraging Hardware-Assisted Virtualization for Deterministic Replay on Commodity Multi-Core Processors

Deterministic replay, which provides the ability to travel backward in time and reconstruct the past execution flow of a multiprocessor system, has many prominent applications. Prior research in this area can be classified into two categories: hardware-only schemes and software-only schemes. While hardware-only schemes deliver high performance, they require significant modifications to the existing hardware. In contrast, software-only schemes work on commodity hardware, but suffer from excessive performance overhead and huge logs. In this article, we present the design and implementation of a novel system, Samsara, which uses the hardware-assisted virtualization (HAV) extensions to achieve efficient deterministic replay without requiring any hardware modification. Unlike prior software schemes which trace every single memory access to record interleaving, Samsara leverages HAV on commodity processors to track the read-set and write-set for implementing a chunk-based recording scheme in software. By doing so, we avoid all memory access detections, which is a major source of overhead in prior works. Evaluation results show that compared with prior software-only schemes, Samsara significantly reduces the log file size to 1/70th on average, and further reduces the recording overhead from about <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10 \times$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:href="ren-ieq1-2727492.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, reported by state-of-the-art works, to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.1 \times$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:href="ren-ieq2-2727492.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> on average.
Posttraumatic stress disorder following asthma attack: the role of agency beliefs in mediating psychiatric morbidity

Abstract Background: The link between serious illness and subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychiatric comorbidity has been established. In populations with asthma, however, few studies have investigated this link, or what psychological mechanisms mediate it. Healthcare guidance for chronic conditions, and PTSD literature, highlight “agency beliefs” as a direction for investigation. Aims: To determine the prevalence of PTSD following asthma attack, and investigate whether agency beliefs mediate PTSD and comorbid psychiatric symptoms in this population. Method: We recruited 110 adults with asthma from online peer support forums. Participants completed the Asthma Symptom Checklist, PTSD Checklist, GHQ-28, General Self-Efficacy scale, and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale. Results: 20% of our sample met criteria for PTSD. Regression results indicated that higher asthma severity significantly predicted PTSD and psychiatric co-morbidity. Lower self-efficacy significantly predicted PTSD symptoms while controlling for asthma severity, however Locus of Control (LoC) did not improve the model further. Self-efficacy, but not LoC, significantly partially mediated the effect of asthma severity on PTSD severity and psychiatric co-morbidity. Conclusions: PTSD and other psychiatric symptoms in asthma populations are mediated in part by self-efficacy. Safeguarding and improving self-efficacy in this population is an important area for future research and intervention.
Performance evaluation method for mobile computer vision systems using augmented reality

This paper describes a framework which uses augmented reality for evaluating the performance of mobile computer vision systems. Computer vision systems use primarily image data to interpret the surrounding world, e.g to detect, classify and track objects. The performance of mobile computer vision systems acting in unknown environments is inherently difficult to evaluate since, often, obtaining ground truth data is problematic. The proposed novel framework exploits the possibility to add virtual agents into a real data sequence collected in an unknown environment, thus making it possible to efficiently create augmented data sequences, including ground truth, to be used for performance evaluation. Varying the content in the data sequence by adding different virtual agents is straightforward, making the proposed framework very flexible. The method has been implemented and tested on a pedestrian detection system used for automotive collision avoidance. Preliminary results show that the method has potential to replace and complement physical testing, for instance by creating collision scenarios, which are difficult to test in reality.
In vitro mechanical comparison of 2.0 and 2.4 limited-contact dynamic compression plates and 2.0 dynamic compression plates of different thicknesses.

OBJECTIVE To compare the bending structural stiffness and bending strength of thick and thin 2.4 mm limited contact dynamic compression plates (2.4 LC-DCP), 2.0 mm LC-DCP (2.0 LC-DCP), and 2.0 dynamic compression plates (2.0 DCP). STUDY DESIGN In vitro mechanical study. METHODS Two thicknesses of 2.4 LC-DCP, 2.0 LC-DCP, and 2.0 DCP stainless-steel plates were tested in 4-point bending. Data were collected during bending until implants plastically deformed. Bending structural stiffness and bending strength were determined from load displacement curves. Mechanical properties were compared between plates and the effects of plate type, size, and thickness on stiffness and strength were assessed using ANOVA. RESULTS The thick 2.4 LC-DCP implant was the stiffest and strongest; the thin 2.0 DCP implant was most compliant and weakest. Larger sized plates, thicker plates, and limited contact design of plates enhanced stiffness and strength. For the plates studied, plate size had a larger effect than plate type or thickness on stiffness and strength. CONCLUSION Increasing the size (width) and thickness of plates increases both the bending structural stiffness and strength. For the plates studied, LC-DCP implants were stiffer and stronger than DCP implants. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Plate bending structural stiffness and strength can be most effectively enhanced by using a larger sized plate, but gains can also be achieved by using a thicker plate and/or an LC-DCP instead of a DCP implant when possible.