Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of thermal state and thermal comfort on cycling performance in the heat.

PURPOSE To determine the effect of thermal state and thermal comfort on cycling performance in the heat. METHODS Seven well-trained male triathletes completed 3 performance trials consisting of 60 min cycling at a fixed rating of perceived exertion (14) followed immediately by a 20-km time trial in hot (30°C) and humid (80% relative humidity) conditions. In a randomized order, cyclists either drank ambient-temperature (30°C) fluid ad libitum during exercise (CON), drank ice slurry (-1°C) ad libitum during exercise (ICE), or precooled with iced towels and ice slurry ingestion (15 g/kg) before drinking ice slurry ad libitum during exercise (PC+ICE). Power output, rectal temperature, and ratings of thermal comfort were measured. RESULTS Overall mean power output was possibly higher in ICE (+1.4%±1.8% [90% confidence limit]; 0.4> smallest worthwhile change [SWC]) and likely higher PC+ICE (+2.5%±1.9%; 1.5>SWC) than in CON; however, no substantial differences were shown between PC+ICE and ICE (unclear). Time-trial performance was likely enhanced in ICE compared with CON (+2.4%±2.7%; 1.4>SWC) and PC+ICE (+2.9%±3.2%; 1.9>SWC). Differences in mean rectal temperature during exercise were unclear between trials. Ratings of thermal comfort were likely and very likely lower during exercise in ICE and PC+ICE, respectively, than in CON. CONCLUSIONS While PC+ICE had a stronger effect on mean power output compared with CON than ICE did, the ICE strategy enhanced late-stage time-trial performance the most. Findings suggest that thermal comfort may be as important as thermal state for maximizing performance in the heat.
Loss of AMPK activation promotes the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through an HSF1‐dependent pathway

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with a mortality rate that closely parallels its incidence rate, and a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the invasion and distant metastasis is required. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a very highly conserved factor in eukaryotes that regulates the protective heat shock response. Here, we show that HSF1 is abnormally activated in pancreatic cancer. The knockdown of HSF1 impaired the invasion and migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro; however, the upregulation of HSF1 showed the opposite effects. In vivo, the pharmacological inhibition of HSF1 significantly reduced the tumor burden, decreased the incidence of invasion, and prolonged the overall survival of transgenic mice harboring the spontaneous pancreatic cancer. We suggest that the loss of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation mediates the abnormal activation of HSF1 based on the findings that phospho‐HSF1 (p‐HSF1) was highly expressed in human PDAC tissues with a low expression of p‐AMPK and that in those tissues with a high p‐AMPK expression, the level of p‐HSF1 was decreased. The in vivo and in vitro activation of AMPK impaired the activity of HSF1, and HSF1 mediated the effects of the AMPK knockdown‐induced pancreatic cancer invasion and migration. Our study revealed a novel mechanism by which the loss of AMPK activation amplifies the activity of HSF1 to promote the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.
Induction of Regulatory T Cells by Intravenous Immunoglobulin: A Bridge between Adaptive and Innate Immunity

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a polyclonal immunoglobulin G preparation with potent immunomodulatory properties. The mode of action of IVIg has been investigated in multiple disease states, with various mechanisms described to account for its benefits. Recent data indicate that IVIg increases both the number and the suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells, a subpopulation of T cells that are essential for immune homeostasis. IVIg alters dendritic cell function, cytokine and chemokine networks, and T lymphocytes, leading to development of regulatory T cells. The ability of IVIg to influence Treg induction has been shown both in animal models and in human diseases. In this review, we discuss data on the potential mechanisms contributing to the interaction between IVIg and the regulatory T-cell compartment.
Segmentation of TV shows into scenes using speaker diarization and speech recognition

We investigate the use of speaker diarization (SD) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) for the segmentation of audiovisual documents into scenes. We introduce multiple monomodal and multimodal approaches based on a state-of-the-art algorithm called generalized scene transition graph (GSTG). First, we extend the latter with the use of semantic information derived from both SD and ASR. Then, multimodal fusion of color histograms, SD and ASR is investigated at various point of the GSTG pipeline (early, late or intermediate fusion). Experiments driven on a few episodes of a popular TV show indicate that SD and ASR can be successfully combined with visual information and bring an additional +11% relative increase in terms of F1-measure for scene boundary detection over the state-of-the-art baseline.
Let Us Talk Peace — Peace Groups

In the following article we wish to examine the role of ‘emotional availability’ in peace-promoting dialogue groups. In so doing, our basic premise is that any task-directed group relies on theoretical axioms—a system of theoretical assumptions that cannot be proven, accompanied by a set of theorems that direct the group when striving to reach solutions. An analytic group will be based on Foulkes’ theoretical axioms; a dynamic group on Bion’s. Other, non-clinical groups will be based on other axioms, created by the specific group and its specific setting (for example, businessmen will rely on the axiom that shared economic interests will promote peace). We therefore rely in our discussion on a mathematical definition of axioms and on Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theorems (Berto, 2009; Gödel and Brown, 1940). We claim that there is a need for mediation in peace-dialogue groups; such mediation must rely on different axioms and theorems than the group generates itself. We believe that this mediating role can be filled by an analytic facilitator, working from a group analysis perspective.
An Efficient Key Update Scheme For Wireless Sensor Networks

by Kamini B. Prajapati, M.S. Washington State University December 2005 Chair: Jabulani Nyathi Wireless sensors are highly resource constrained in terms of memory, power and processing capability. However, critical applications of these networks demand security features to be implemented. Some researchers have approached this problem and provided schemes like TinySec, TinyPK, Localized Encryption and Authentication Protocol (LEAP), Elliptical curve Cryptography (ECC), etc. TinySec is the most successful implementation till now. This research enhances the basic TinySec security by providing an efficient key update mechanism on top of TinySec. The simulation results show that the memory overhead for this scheme is 1.66% and the computational cost is minimal. There is no latency or bandwidth overhead.
Activity Dependence of Cortical Axon Branch Formation: A Morphological and Electrophysiological Study Using Organotypic Slice Cultures

The influence of neuronal activity on cortical axon branching was studied by imaging axons of layer 2/3 neurons in organotypic slice cultures of rat visual cortex. Upper layer neurons labeled by electroporation of plasmid encoding yellow fluorescent protein were observed by confocal microscopy. Time-lapse observation of single-labeled axons showed that axons started to branch after 8-10 d in vitro. Over the succeeding 7-10 d, branch complexity gradually increased by both growth and retraction of branches, resulting in axon arbors that morphologically resembled those observed in 2- to 3-week-old animals. Electrophysiological recordings of neuronal activity in the upper layers, made using multielectrode dishes, showed that the frequency of spontaneous firing increased dramatically ∼10 d in vitro and remained elevated at later stages. To examine the involvement of spontaneous firing and synaptic activity in branch formation, various blockers were applied to the culture medium. Cultures were silenced by TTX or by a combination of APV and DNQX but exhibited a homeostatic recovery of spontaneous activity over several days in the presence of blockers of either NMDA-type or non-NMDA-type glutamate receptors alone. Axonal branching was suppressed by TTX and AMPA receptor blockade but not by NMDA receptor blockade. We conclude that cortical axon branching is highly dynamic and that neural activity regulates the early developmental branching of upper layer cortical neurons through the activation of AMPA-type glutamate receptors.
An improved fingerprint method based on K-NN algorithm for indoor multiple object tracking

Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of famous technology which applied for outdoor localization. Unfortunately, GPS has lacked in accuracy while it uses in indoor environments. Fingerprint is a method enriched with lots of received signal strength. This method is used for mapping the observation area, and it is suitable for indoor application such as crowdsources tracking moving object in indoor environment. Fingerprint method saves lots of offline data which will be compared with online data captured by moving object. The nearest distance data will be selected as the estimated data. In this paper, we utilize a K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm in fingerprint method to improve the accuracy of moving object position. The simulation result shows that Mean Square Error (MSE) of proposed method is reduced up to 66% in 1.5 meter compared to the common fingerprint with 4.5 meter accuracy. Based on the aforementioned result, the proposed method could improve the accuracy of fingerprint localization method.
Inverse kinematics of binary manipulators by the optimization method in a continuous variable space

The precise positioning of the end-effector of a binary manipulator requires many modules. In this case, most of the existing algorithms require impractically large memory size for the real-time calculation of the binary positions of all joints. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new inverse kinematics algorithm using an optimization method. The key idea of the present method is to formulate the integer-variable inverse kinematics problem as a real-variable optimization problem in which the real-valued design variables are pushed towards the permissible binary values. Since the proposed algorithm is very efficient, the inverse kinematics of three-dimensional manipulators can be solved in real time. Furthermore, some manipulation considerations such as operation power minimization can be easily incorporated into the present new formulation.
Simulation of sparkling and depth effect in paints

This paper reports on our attempts to simulate light reflection from surfaces that exhibit sparkling and depth effects that are associated with paint coatings containing metallic flakes. The novelty of the approach is to explicitly model the sparkle geometry for rendering the surface of a graphic object. The light scattering within the system of metal flakes or particles creates the sparkling and glare effects with radial streaks of light around high intensity particles. The 3D geometry of the simulated flakes creates a view-dependent reflectance pattern that makes the surface appear differently in the two images rendered for each eye's view in a stereoscopic display. The results of 3D geometry-based rendering are then compared to the surfaces rendered using 2D random dot patterns that provide no cues to depth variation at the surface. Stereoscopic display of 3D objects with and without the 3D geometry-based surface rendering was used to validate the difference in perceived depth effects associated with the two cases. To confirm the applicability of the technique, we adopted a standard test in common use by paint designers in which the appearance of paints with different sparkle density is observed on silver plates. Our results showed typical variation in sparkling on plates with different statistical distributions of sparkles, which confirmed the robustness of the 3D sparkle modeling system. In a final application test, the technique was used to simulate the appearance of an expensive variety of Japanese lacquerware made using the nashiji technique.
The Psychological and Physiological Effects of Using a Therapy Dog in Mindfulness Training

ABSTRACT The present study was a randomized controlled trial examining the psychological and physiological effects of adding animal-assisted therapy (AAT) to a modified Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program (MBSR) for clients experiencing psychological distress. It was hypothesized that AAT would complement mindfulness-based interventions because the therapy dog will provide a focus for attention to the current experience and exemplify acceptance and “being,” enabling the understanding and practice of the main aspects of mindfulness. Participants (n=21) were randomly assigned to an MBSR or MBSR+AAT group and then completed an intervention consisting of six 50-minute individual therapy sessions. Each session included didactic and experiential components modified for delivery with or without a certified therapy dog. State and trait mindfulness, psychological distress measures, blood pressure, and heart rate were assessed at each session. Results indicate that all participants experienced fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms, decreased psychological distress, and increased mindfulness skills from preto post-treatment. Additionally, state anxiety, blood pressure, and heart rate decreased within sessions. No significant difference was found between the control and experimental groups, indicating that interaction with a therapy dog had no impact on symptom reduction, skill acquisition, or client satisfaction in the current study. However, moderate to large effect size estimates indicate clinically significant differences between groups, with higher ratings for the MBSR+AAT group on therapist efficacy, recommending the training, and participating in future treatment. Future studies need to increase methodological rigor by including multiple therapist/dog teams and increasing sample size. Moreover, researchers must more thoroughly examine the role the dog might have in altering the social environment, such as reducing stigma surrounding mental health services and enhancing the therapeutic alliance.
Social authorship and the advent of print

How did academic and literary writers living in rural Britain in the 1680s establish their careers and find audiences for their work? What factors influenced the choices of essayists and dramatists who lived outside London and the university cities? Who read the works of regional poets and natural scientists and how were they circulated? In this engaging study of the development of literary industry and authorship in early modern Britain, Margaret Ezell examines the forces at work at a time when print technology was in competition with older manuscript authorship practices and the legal status of authors was being transformed. She also explores the literary concepts that subsequently developed out of new commercial practices, such as the rise of the "classic" text and the marketing of uniform series editions. Ezell's interdisciplinary approach draws together the history of the book and cultural history. The result allows the reader a glimpse of literary life as practiced by "social" authors in the context of the development of commercial publishing and the formalization of copyright laws defining texts and authors. Ezell examines how early modern publishers went about choosing books to publish and why some groups of writers-"social" authors-were successful without relying on the growing publishing and bookselling industries. She concludes that, especially for writers living away from large cities, privately produced and circulated manuscripts remained the best means of transmitting literary or academic work and achieving recognition as an author. An underlying question, Ezell notes, is whether the Internet will inspire the reemergence of the "social" author, whose work can be circulated to readers without the assistance of a publishing firm.
Getting Rid Of Numbers DOP without Probability Theory ?

Probabilistic context free grammars (PCFGs) and similar models make use of probability theory and therefore depend on numeric calculations. In particular, the Data-Oriented-Parsing (DOP) model from [1] uses the relative probability of subtrees to determine preferred derivations and thereby preferred trees for given sentences. This motivates criticism of its cognitive realism from both philosophical and mathematical-computational perspectives. The question arises whether such models can be reformulated without the usage of numeric probabilities. Inspired by a general research question from [7] we will try to capture the exact role of probabilities in DOP and investigate the question whether we can replace its numeric calculations with other, non-numeric structures. We show the negative result that simple linear orderings will not suffice as a replacement. Trying to “repair” their failure we introduce and investigate the idea of meta-orderings and state further questions they create.
We know what you are going to post : User Status Generation Based on Personality and Topic

Automatic sentence generation is an easy task for humans but an extremely challenging task for computers. Recent research has shown that Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) based language model offers a promise to perform this task. However, traditional RNN is not able to generate semantically different sentences for people with different personalities and on different topics. In this project, we propose a model called Recurrent Neural Network based on Personality and Topic (RNNPT) to generate social media user status condition on user personality and status topics. In order to do so, we use a huge set of user personality and status data, and initialize the hidden layer in our models using the personality and topic representations. The personality representation are collected using Five-Factor Model in Psychology [11] while the topic representations are learnt using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [3] which separates the status into a certain number of topics. We concatenated the topic representation and the personality representation to be the initialization vector for the hidden layer at time step 0. Two variants of our proposed models, namely RNNPT and RNNPT1 (with one-hot topic representation) are trained and used to output sentences based on different initialization vectors which indicated different user personalities and topics. We analyzed the performance of our proposed models both qualitatively and quantitatively and concluded that our model was able to generate high-quality user status which reflects the input personality and topics at a satisfactory level. Furthermore, our models outperform baseline RNN models in terms of both perplexity and BLEU scores.
Memory-level parallelism aware fetch policies for simultaneous multithreading processors

A thread executing on a simultaneous multithreading (SMT) processor that experiences a long-latency load will eventually stall while holding execution resources. Existing long-latency load aware SMT fetch policies limit the amount of resources allocated by a stalled thread by identifying long-latency loads and preventing the thread from fetching more instructions—and in some implementations, instructions beyond the long-latency load are flushed to release allocated resources. This article proposes an SMT fetch policy that takes into account the available memory-level parallelism (MLP) in a thread. The key idea proposed in this article is that in case of an isolated long-latency load (i.e., there is no MLP), the thread should be prevented from allocating additional resources. However, in case multiple independent long-latency loads overlap (i.e., there is MLP), the thread should allocate as many resources as needed in order to fully expose the available MLP. MLP-aware fetch policies achieve better performance for MLP-intensive threads on SMT processors, leading to higher overall system throughput and shorter average turnaround time than previously proposed fetch policies.
Making Families: Moral Tales of Parenting and Step-Parenting

This book goes to the heart of academic, political and popular debates, as well as professional concerns, about the nature of contemporary family life and parenting. Families are widely discussed in western societies as breaking down or as radically changing, with step-families in particular seen as evidence of such trends. In one of the first British in-depth sociological research studies for over two decades, this book provide evidence of parents' and step-parents' own understandings and experiences of their parenting in step-families. It addresses questions such as: What does it mean to be a family? Do people in step-families see themselves as making a different kind of family? Is individual happiness in a couple relationship prioritised at the expense of responsibilities towards children? Can a step-parent ever be regarded as the same as a biological mother or father? What do people in step-families do to try to make step-family life work? The book looks at how people create, understand and experience their parenting and family lives. It reveals how these understandings are rooted in a strong sense of moral responsibility, but that what such responsibility constitutes varies according to gender and social class. In particular, it draws out key theoretical implications for understanding the nature of morality, fairness and justice, and questions ideas about individualisation and the democratisation of family life. This book will be essential reading for those concerned with the study of contemporary family lives, including sociologists, social policy analysts, family therapists, professionals and practitioners. It is also relevant to those interested in contemporary morality and everyday experiences.
Establishment of a novel MALT lymphoma cell line, ma‐1, from a patient with t(14;18)(q32;q21)‐positive Helicobacter Pylori‐Independent Gastric MALT Lymphoma

Although t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), and a few other genetic mutations are specific markers for the Helicobacter pylori (HP)‐independent status of gastric mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, the molecular mechanisms responsible for HP‐independence of gastric MALT lymphoma without such translocations and mutations remain uncharacterized. In the present study, we describe the establishment and characterization of a novel MALT lymphoma cell line, MA‐1, which was derived from a gastric MALT lymphoma which was negative for both t(11;18)(q21;q21) and t(1;14)(p22;q32); the patient had failed HP eradication therapy and chemotherapy. The cell morphology and the immunophenotype of this cell line were similar to that of the original gastric MALT lymphoma. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis showed no significant gene copy number changes. Spectral karyotyping displayed a near‐diploid chromosome content (48 < 2n>XY), with at least 13 chromosome structural abnormalities. Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses disclosed the existence of three sub‐clones, characterized by t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IGH‐BCL2, t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IGH‐MALT1, and the presence of both chromosomal translocations in the same cell, respectively; whereas amplification of the genes CRAD9, TRAF2, and BCL10 were not found. In conclusion, we have established the first human gastric MALT lymphoma cell line, which is characterized by unusual and complex chromosome translocations and will be useful to explore further the molecular mechanisms of HP‐independence in gastric MALT lymphoma. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss,Inc.