Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amyloid arthropathy associated with multiple myeloma: polyarthritis without synovial infiltration of CD20+ or CD38+ cells

Abstract Objectives: To describe histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of synovial biopsies of amyloid arthropathy associated with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: Synovial biopsies from affected joints of two patients with MM and amyloid arthropathy were examined with light and electron microscopy, and immunohistochemically for expression of CD3, CD8, CD20, CD38, CD68, Ki-67 and vWF. Results were compared to values from osteoarthritis (OA, n = 26), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 24) and normal (n = 15) synovial membranes. Results: There was no or only mild lining hyperplasia. Vascular density was not elevated, and there were few Ki-67+ proliferating cells in the stroma. The Krenn synovitis score classified one specimen as “low-grade” and one as “high-grade” synovitis. CD68+ and CD3+ cells were the predominant mononuclear inflammatory cells, whereas CD20+ and CD38+ cells were absent from both synovial membrane and synovial fluid sediment. Electron microscopy demonstrated amyloid phagocytosis by synovial macrophages. In hierarchical clustering the two amyloid arthropathy specimens were more closely related to OA than to RA or normal synovium. Conclusions: This first detailed immunohistological analysis of MM-associated amyloid arthropathy suggests that it is a chronic synovitis that evolves despite the loss of humoral immunity seen in advanced MM. Instead, amyloid phagocytosis by synovial macrophages likely triggers and perpetuates local disease.
Preparing Future Faculty for Community Engagement: Barriers, Facilitators, Models, and Recommendations

This article considers the historical and current national context for integrating community engagement into graduate education. While it might be argued that most graduate education contributes generally to society by advancing knowledge, we are referring here to community engagement that involves some reciprocal interaction between graduate education (through students and faculty) and the public, an interaction that betters both the discipline and the public or set of stakeholders for whom the work is most relevant. The authors survey and synthesize the literature on the history of graduate education in the United States and assess current barriers to and facilitators of integrating community engagement into doctoral programs. The authors consider what models already exist that might be replicated. Finally, the article concludes with a set of recommendations for national service-learning and outreach organizations, graduate deans, department chairs, and faculty interested in integrating community engagement into their doctoral programs.
An Operational Foundation for Delimited Continuations

We derive an abstract machine that corresponds to a definitional interpreter for the control operators shift and reset. Based on this abstract machine, we construct a syntactic theory of delimited continuations. Both the derivation and the construction scale to the family of control operators shift_n and reset_n. The definitional interpreter for shift_n and reset_n has n + 1 layers of continuations, the corresponding abstract machine has n + 1 layers of control stacks, and the corresponding syntactic theory has n + 1 layers of evaluation contexts. See also BRICS-RS-05-24.
Anatomic organization of basoventral and mediodorsal visual recipient prefrontal regions in the rhesus monkey

The sources of ipsilateral cortical afferent projections to basoventral and mediodorsal prefrontal cortices that receive some visual input were studied with retrograde tracers (horseradish peroxidase or fluorescent dyes) in eight rhesus monkeys. The basoventral regions injected with tracers included basal (orbital) areas 11 and 12, lateral area 12, and ventral area 46. The mediodorsal regions included portions of medial area 32 and the caudal part of dorsal area 8. These sites represent areas within basoventral and mediodorsal prefrontal cortices that show a gradual increase in architectonic differentiation in a direction from the least differentiated orbital and medial limbic cortices toward the most differentiated cortices in the arcuate concavity. The results showed that the visual input to basoventral and mediodorsal prefrontal cortices originated largely in topographically distinct visual areas. Thus, basoventral sites received most of their visual cortical projections from the inferior temporal cortex. The rostral inferior temporal region was the predominant source of visual projections to orbital prefrontal sites, whereas lateral area 12 and ventral area 46 also received projections which were found more caudally. In contrast, mediodorsal prefrontal sites received most of their visual projections from dorsolateral and dorsomedial visual areas. The cells of origin were located in rostromedial visual cortices after injection of retrograde tracers in area 32 and in more caudal medial and dorsolateral visual areas after injection in caudal area 8. The latter also received substantial projections from visuomotor regions in the caudal portion of the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus. These results suggest that the basoventral prefrontal cortices are connected with ventral visual areas implicated in pattern recognition and discrimination, whereas the mediodorsal cortices are connected with medial and dorsolateral occipital and parietal areas associated with visuospatial functions. In addition, the prefrontal areas studied received projections from auditory and/or somatosensory cortices, from areas associated with more than one modality, and from limbic regions. Orbital area 12 seemed to be a major target of projections from somatosensory cortices and the rostral portion of medial area 32 received substantial projections from auditory cortices. The least architectonically differentiated areas (orbital area 11 and medial area 32) had more widespread corticocortical connections, including strong links with limbic cortices. In contrast, areas which showed the highest degree of architectonic differentiation within the basoventral (area 46) and the mediodorsal (area 8) prefrontal cortices had restricted corticocortical connections.
Reactive stroma in human prostate cancer: induction of myofibroblast phenotype and extracellular matrix remodeling.

PURPOSE Generation of a reactive stroma environment occurs in many human cancers and is likely to promote tumorigenesis. However, reactive stroma in human prostate cancer has not been defined. We examined stromal cell phenotype and expression of extracellular matrix components in an effort to define the reactive stroma environment and to determine its ontogeny during prostate cancer progression. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Normal prostate, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and prostate cancer were examined by immunohistochemistry. Tissue samples included radical prostatectomy specimens, frozen biopsy specimens, and a prostate cancer tissue microarray. A human prostate stromal cell line was used to determine whether transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) regulates reactive stroma. RESULTS Compared with normal prostate tissue, reactive stroma in Gleason 3 prostate cancer showed increased vimentin staining and decreased calponin staining (P < 0.001). Double-label immunohistochemistry revealed that reactive stromal cells were vimentin and smooth muscle alpha-actin positive, indicating the myofibroblast phenotype. In addition, reactive stroma cells exhibited elevated collagen I synthesis and expression of tenascin and fibroblast activation protein. Increased vimentin expression and collagen I synthesis were first observed in activated periacinar fibroblasts adjacent to PIN. Similar to previous observations in prostate cancer, TGF-beta1-staining intensity was elevated in PIN. In vitro, TGF-beta1 stimulated human prostatic fibroblasts to switch to the myofibroblast phenotype and to express tenascin. CONCLUSIONS The stromal microenvironment in human prostate cancer is altered compared with normal stroma and exhibits features of a wound repair stroma. Reactive stroma is composed of myofibroblasts and fibroblasts stimulated to express extracellular matrix components. Reactive stroma appears to be initiated during PIN and evolve with cancer progression to effectively displace the normal fibromuscular stroma. These studies and others suggest that TGF-beta1 is a candidate regulator of reactive stroma during prostate cancer progression.
Statistical Parametric Mapping: The Analysis of Functional Brain Images

In an age where the amount of data collected from brain imaging is increasing constantly, it is of critical importance to analyse those data within an accepted framework to ensure proper integration and comparison of the information collected. This book describes the ideas and procedures that underlie the analysis of signals produced by the brain. The aim is to understand how the brain works, in terms of its functional architecture and dynamics. This book provides the background and methodology for the analysis of all types of brain imaging data, from functional magnetic resonance imaging to magnetoencephalography. Critically,Statistical Parametric Mappingprovides a widely accepted conceptual framework which allows treatment of all these different modalities. This rests on an understanding of the brain's functional anatomy and the way that measured signals are caused experimentally. The book takes the reader from the basic concepts underlying the analysis of neuroimaging data to cutting edge approaches that would be difficult to find in any other source. Critically, the material is presented in an incremental way so that the reader can understand the precedents for each new development. This book will be particularly useful to neuroscientists engaged in any form of brain mapping; who have to contend with the real-world problems of data analysis and understanding the techniques they are using. It is primarily a scientific treatment and a didactic introduction to the analysis of brain imaging data. It can be used as both a textbook for students and scientists starting to use the techniques, as well as a reference for practicing neuroscientists. The book also serves as a companion to the software packages that have been developed for brain imaging data analysis. * An essential reference and companion for users of the SPM software * Provides a complete description of the concepts and procedures entailed by the analysis of brain images * Offers full didactic treatment of the basic mathematics behind the analysis of brain imaging data * Stands as a compendium of all the advances in neuroimaging data analysis over the past decade * Adopts an easy to understand and incremental approach that takes the reader from basic statistics to state of the art approaches such as Variational Bayes * Structured treatment of data analysis issues that links different modalities and models * Includes a series of appendices and tutorial-style chapters that makes even the most sophisticated approaches accessible. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.
Age-Dependent Cancer Risk Is Not Different in between MSH2 and MLH1 Mutation Carriers

Lynch syndrome is mostly characterized by early-onset colorectal and endometrial adenocarcinomas. Over 90% of the causal mutations occur in two mismatch repair genes, MSH2 and MLH1. The aim of this study was to evaluate the age-dependent cancer risk in MSH2 or MLH1 mutation carriers from data of DNA diagnostic laboratories. To avoid overestimation, evaluation was based on the age-dependent proportion of mutation carriers in asymptomatic first-degree relatives of identified mutation carriers. Data from 859 such eligible relatives were collected from 8 centers; 387 were found to have inherited the mutation from their relatives. Age-dependent risks were calculated either using a nonparametric approach for four discrete age groups or assuming a modified Weibull distribution for the dependence of risk on age. Cancer risk was estimated starting at 28 (25–32 0.68 confidence interval) and to reach near 0.70 at 70 years. The risks were very similar for MSH2 and MLH1 mutation carriers. Although not statistically significant, the risk in males appeared to precede that for females by ten years. This difference needs to be investigated on a larger dataset. If confirmed, this would indicate that the onset of the colonoscopic surveillance may be different in male and female mutation carriers.
The Quantification of Society. A Study of a Swedish Research Institute and Survey-Based Social Science

This thesis is concerned with the contemporary history of quantitative surveys in Sweden. The core epistemic practice of constructing surveys is examined empirically through a case study of the SOM Institute (Samhälle, Opinion, Medier) at University of Gothenburg. The SOM Institute has performed surveys in Sweden since 1986. However, the methodology of quantitative surveys with representative sampling techniques dates back to the 1940s. A central theme in this theses is to follow how these methods and techniques have been made to work under different historical circumstances. Theoretically, this thesis relies on concepts that are derived from classical Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and then further developed. This conceptual tool-box is then utilized to select moments in the history of surveys that are of special importance for understanding how Swedish society has been quantified. Special attention is drawn to how the accuracy of surveys is established through mutual reinforcement with previous data. By closely studying how the SOM Institute conducted their first postal surveys in the 1980s, the relation and importance of other, contemporary surveys is emphasized. Moreover, the creation of a state-science interface is described by going back in time to the 1950s and the creation of the first academic surveys. This was also the moment in history when random samples were established. Here, the impact of the creation of the welfare state and the role of science in this political project is discussed and related to the expansion of the social sciences. To further understand the border between academic science and pollster research, a controversy that took place during the elections of 1985 is studied. The controversy was ignited because pollster data predicted that the conservative party (Moderaterna) would win the elections. However, this turned out to be false. What followed was a debate concerning both the accuracy of different methodologies and the political bias of different surveys. Academic scientists succeeded in creating a position that guaranteed value-free social science, which later would have an impact on the future of social scientific investigations. The dissertation concludes that the way social phenomena are quantified today, must be understood in a historical context that includes the epistemic practice of social scientists. The creation of large-scale quantitative surveys not only presupposes certain aspects of modern society, it also transforms these societies.
Verbal Interaction of Professional and Peer Led Group Counselling Sessions

Lors d'une retraite de trois jours pour adolescents membres d'une association d'etudiants, quatre conseillers ont ete designes au hasard pour diriger quatre groupes de counseling pendant huit sessions. Les conseillers etaient divises en deu groupes selon leur statut, soit en tant que professionnel ou en tant que pair. Une analyse des interactions verbales au cours des sessions entre les groupes indique des differences significatives selon le "Hill Interaction Matrix HIM-G. " Les groupes diriges par les professionnels etaient mieux guides du point de vue therapeutique, prets a prendre des risques et plus attires par le travail, mais moins engages sur le plan social que les groupes diriges par les pairs.
Boiling point determination using adiabatic Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations: application to metals described by embedded-atom potentials.

The normal boiling points are obtained for a series of metals as described by the "quantum-corrected Sutton Chen" (qSC) potentials [S. -N. Luo, T. J. Ahrens, T. Çağın, A. Strachan, W. A. Goddard III, and D. C. Swift, Phys. Rev. B 68, 134206 (2003)]. Instead of conventional Monte Carlo simulations in an isothermal or expanded ensemble, simulations were done in the constant-NPH adabatic variant of the Gibbs ensemble technique as proposed by Kristóf and Liszi [Chem. Phys. Lett. 261, 620 (1996)]. This simulation technique is shown to be a precise tool for direct calculation of boiling temperatures in high-boiling fluids, with results that are almost completely insensitive to system size or other arbitrary parameters as long as the potential truncation is handled correctly. Results obtained were validated using conventional NVT-Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. The qSC predictions for boiling temperatures are found to be reasonably accurate, but substantially underestimate the enthalpies of vaporization in all cases. This appears to be largely due to the systematic overestimation of dimer binding energies by this family of potentials, which leads to an unsatisfactory description of the vapor phase.
On handovers in uplink/downlink decoupled LTE HetNets

Cellular heterogeneous networks (HetNets) are going to be one of the key enablers for 5G. Downlink/Uplink decoupling (DUDe) is a concept in which a mobile device is connected with Macro cell for downlink communication and with small cell for uplink communication in LTE/LTE-A HetNets. It improves uplink data rate, reduces power consumption of devices, balances load between Macro cell and small cells. Due to incorporation of DUDe, a mobile device has to perform separate uplink and downlink handovers unlike traditional handovers in coupled LTE networks. In this paper, we propose various handover schemes for DUDe LTE networks. Apart from this, we have mathematically analysed the received SINR by small cells taken part in decoupling, with respect to a device moving in decoupling regions of these small cells, in multiple cell interference scenario. Simulation results show the signaling impact of DUDe in handovers, increased uplink SINR, decreased power consumption of devices in both single small cell and multiple small cell scenarios.
Extension of the non-parametric cluster-based time-frequency statistics to the full time windows and to single condition tests

Oscillatory processes are central for the understanding of the neural bases of cognition and behaviour. To analyse these processes, time-frequency (TF) decomposition methods are applied and non-parametric cluster-based statistical procedure are used for comparing two or more conditions. While this combination is a powerful method, it has two drawbacks. One the unreliable estimation of signals outside the cone-of-influence and the second relates to the length of the time frequency window used for the analysis. Both impose constrains on the non-parametric statistical procedure for inferring an effect in the TF domain. Here we extend the method to reliably infer oscillatory differences within the full TF map and to test single conditions. We show that it can be applied in small time windows irrespective of the cone-of-influence and we further develop its application to single-condition case for testing the hypothesis of the presence or not of time-varying signals. We present tests of this new method on real EEG and behavioural data and show that its sensitivity to single-condition tests is at least as good as classic Fourier analysis. Statistical inference in the full TF map is available and efficient in detecting differences between conditions as well as the presence of time-varying signal in single condition.
Application of the supervisory control theory in the project of a robot-centered, variable routed system controller

This paper aims to present the development of the controller of a manufacturing system based on the application of the Supervisory Control Theory, in particular an extension of such theory named Local Modular Control approach. The foundations of this work are a Supervisory Control Architecture and a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) method of implementation of such architecture, both of these found in the literature. The manufacturing system is constituted by an industrial robot that plays the role of a transport system and three workstations. We show that applying formal methods of controller synthesis, as well as applying the referred PLC method of implementation makes easier to express the control specifications, to check out the systempsilas controlled behavior, and specially, to make the necessary modifications when the system has to be reconfigured.
Hypothalamic expression of Peg3 gene is associated with maternal care differences between SM/J and LG/J mouse strains

Maternal care is essential in mammals, and variations in the environment provided by mothers may directly influence the viability of newborns and emotional behavior later in life. A previous study investigated genetic variations associated with maternal care in an intercross of LG/J and SM/J inbred mouse strains and identified two single‐locus QTLs (quantitative trait loci). Here, we selected three candidate genes located within these QTLs intervals; Oxt on chromosome 2, and FosB and Peg3 on chromosome 7 and tested their association with maternal care. LG/J females showed impaired postpartum nest building and pup retrieval, a one‐day delay in milk ejection, reduced exploratory activity, and higher anxiety‐like behavior when compared to SM/J females. The nucleotide sequences of Oxt and FosB were similar between strains, as were their hypothalamic expression levels. Conversely, Peg3 nucleotide sequences showed four nonsynonymous replacement substitutions on LG/J dams, T11062G, G13744A, A13808G, and G13813A, and a 30 base pair (10 aa) in tandem repeat in the coding region with three copies in SM/J and five copies in LG/J. Maternal care impaired LG/J mothers express 37% lower Peg3 mRNA levels in the hypothalamus on the second postpartum day. We also found an association of the Peg3 repeat‐variant and poor maternal care in F2 heterozygote females derived from a LG/J × SM/J intercross. These results may suggest that the maternally imprinted Peg3 gene is responsible for the single‐locus QTL on chromosome 7 that has been shown to influence maternal care in these strains. Furthermore, these data provide additional support for an epigenetic regulation of maternal behavior.
Differences between Clinical Subspecialties in the Outpatient Evaluation and Treatment of Dementia in an Academic Medical Center

Background: Professional organizations have recommended guidelines for the optimal investigation and management of dementia. It is unknown whether physicians from different subspecialties investigate and treat dementia in the same manner or according to these guidelines. Methods: We screened 1,401 charts of patients who were seen in neurology, mental health, geropsychiatry and geriatrics clinics. The charts of 410 patients who were diagnosed with dementia were reviewed in detail to determine how they were evaluated and managed. Results: Overall, 40% of patients received a complete laboratory workup to rule out comorbidities, 70% of patients received neuroimaging with either computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, 63% had a depression screen and 38% of patients underwent neuropsychological testing. However, the frequency with which they were obtained differed significantly across clinics (p < 0.05). The frequency with which acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (CHEIs) were used did not differ significantly (p = 0.07) for patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but differed significantly (p < 0.05) for dementia categories where CHEIs are thought to be useful (AD, vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies). Conclusions: There were significant differences between subspecialties in the evaluation and treatment of dementia. It will be important to investigate whether these differences alter patient outcomes.