Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient technologies and contribution of industries

The revolution in the field of science led to proliferation of Industries and these industries play a key role in the economic development of the society but the impact on the environment is a devastating one. Release of toxic gases into the atmosphere, soil degradation, and water pollution created global warming and unpredictable climatic changes. The energy, in the form of raw materials, power and other utilities, are consumed without taking into consideration of their importance and in this scenario, conservation of energy becomes significant to protect the environment. To achieve this, industries should adopt the energy efficient technologies to reduce the specific energy consumption and also to act as environment friendly. Such energy efficient technologies [1] have been adopted in a fertilizer industry at Chennai that have a remarkable impact on the protection of environment and lowest energy level among the naphtha based fertilizer industries in India. This study focuses on the various technologies adopted by this industry to reduce energy levels and protection of the environment. CO2 absorption system: Carbon-di-oxide emission to atmosphere is avoided, saving the environment. Hydraulic turbine resulted in energy savings of 0.071Gcal/MT of ammonia. Low temperature super methanation catalyst resulted in energy savings of 0.047Gcal/MT of ammonia. Total heat recovery system in Urea process resulted in the reduction of energy level to 7.9Gcal/MT from 9.9Gcal/MT. York Compressor reduces the ammonia emission to atmosphere. Vaporized naphtha burners for firing system resulted in the energy savings of 2–2.5Gcal/MT of Ammonia and saving the environment. Process air compressor resulting in energy savings of 0.02Gcal/MT of ammonia
Acute Control of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Gene Transcription by Growth Hormone through Stat5b*

Many of the effects of growth hormone (GH) are mediated by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a secreted peptide whose gene transcription is induced by GH by unknown mechanisms. Recent studies in mice have implicated Stat5b as part of a GH-regulated somatic growth pathway, because mice lacking this transcription factor show diminished growth rates and a decline in serum IGF-I levels. To test the role of Stat5b in GH-stimulated IGF-I gene expression, we have delivered modified versions of the protein to pituitary-deficient male rats by quantitative adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. In pilot studies in cell culture, both constitutively active and dominant-negative Stat5b appropriatelyregulatedtranscriptionfromaGH-responsiveStat5-dependent reporter gene. After in vivo expression, neither protein impaired GH-induced activation of cytoplasmic signaling pathways or blocked nuclear accumulation of Stats 1 and 3 in the liver, the major site of IGF-I production. Dominant-negative Stat5b completely prevented GH-stimulated IGF-I gene transcription, whereas constitutively active Stat5b led to robust IGF-I gene expression in the absence of hormone. An adenovirus encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein was without effect. Similar results were seen with the GH-responsive Stat5b-dependent Spi 2.1 gene, whereas GH-stimulated c-fos transcription was minimally altered. These results establish Stat5b as a key component of GH-stimulated IGF-I gene transcription, and they demonstrate the feasibility of using in vivo gene transfer to target distinct components of hormone-activated signaling pathways.
Impaired tumor growth in colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1)‐deficient, macrophage‐deficient op/op mouse: Evidence for a role of CSF‐1‐dependent macrophages in formation of tumor stroma

Macrophages have been suggested to play a major role in the immune response to cancer. They have also been suggested to stimulate the formation of tumor stroma and to promote tumor vascularization. The availability of the op/op mouse, which has no endogenous colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1) and which possesses a profound macrophage deficiency, provides a new model to verify these notions. Subcutaneous growth of transplantable Lewis lung cancer (LLC) is markedly impaired in the op/op mice compared with normal littermates. Treatment of tumor‐bearing op/op mice with human recombinant CSF‐1 corrects this impairment. Histological analysis of tumors grown in op/op and normal mice revealed marked differences. Tumors grown in op/op mice display a decreased mitotic index and pronounced necrosis, particularly hemorrhagic. Moreover, particularly in the op/op tumors, peculiar sinusoid‐like abortive vessels (not filled with blood) have been observed. These tumors, in contrast to tumors grown in normal mice, are almost deprived of regular arteries and veins. In contrast to tumors grown in normal mice, they exhibit almost no Sirius red‐stained collagenous fibers and Gomori silver‐stained‐reticular fibers. Our data suggest that the CSF‐1‐dependent macrophage subpopulation missing in op/op mice plays a primary role in supporting tumor stroma formation and tumor vascularization in murine LLC tumors. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Information Content of Management’s Prospective Comments in Financially Distressed Companies: A Note

Prior research revealed management’s prospective comments (MPCs) in annual reports to be informative with respect to companies’ future performance. As the finding was derived from analyses of random samples of companies, it is not known whether it is generalizable to companies that are experiencing financial distress. This study investigates whether disclosure of MPCs in the annual reports of companies experiencing financial distress is informative with regard to their future viability. The MPCs of 140 Australian public companies that had experienced significant losses were identified and then categorized as optimistic, pessimistic, mixed or no MPCs. Results from logistic regression analysis indicate that such MPCs provided information incremental to that contained in historical financial information about companies’ future viability. It was also found that, while companies that did not disclose any MPCs were more likely to fail than companies that disclosed optimistic MPCs, they were as likely to fail as companies that disclosed pessimistic or mixed MPCs. This suggests that financially distressed companies avoid disclosing MPCs in the absence of an optimistic outlook, a finding that supports Darrough and Stoughton’s (1990) theory of selective disclosure.
Ethics: The Rights and Wrongs of Workplace Snooping

Employers have a number of reasons to consider monitoring employee email—more than two million of them, if you ask Chevron Corporation. Recently, the San Francisco‐based oil company was required to pay four plaintiffs a total of $2.2 million after their attorneys found email evidence of sexual harassment. The attorneys had found a smoking gun when they located, on Chevron's own email server, an email message that had been sent to a number of people within the company containing a list of jokes about “why beer is better than women. ” Had Chevron been monitoring its employees' email, it might have seen the problem coming.
Distributed space-time block coding scheme in in-band full duplex relaying networks

This paper proposes a cooperative scheme for in-band full duplex (IFD) in a one-way two-hop relaying system. The proposed scheme realizes collocated space-time block coding by applying both of the superposition coding at the source and the IFD mode at the relay. The achievable rate of the proposed scheme is derived for fixed relay channel gains and compared to those of the upper-bound IFD as well as existing IFD relaying schemes. Our achievable-rate results elucidate that our scheme is close to the upper-bound IFD than any other scheme.
Use of blogs, Twitter and Facebook by UK PhD Students for Scholarly Communication

This study explores scholarly use of social media by PhD students through a mix-method approach of qualitative interviews and a case study of #phdchat conversation. Social media tools, such as blogs, Twitter and Facebook, can be used by PhD students and early career researchers to promote their professional profiles, disseminate their work to a wider audience quickly, and gain feedback and support from peers across the globe. There are also difficulties and potential problems such as the lack of standards and incentives, the risks of ideas being stolen, lack of knowledge of how to start and maintain using social media tool and the potential need to invest significant amount of time and effort. We found that respondents employed various strategies to maximize the impact of their scholarly communication practice.
Influencing Climate Change Policy

Firms face a great deal of pressure to engage in the heightened debate about climate change policies and practices. Building on the corporate political strategy literature, the authors evaluate how firms choose to influence those policies when faced with pressure from shareholders and activists. The authors triangulate firms’ choice of corporate political activity (CPA) with their environmental performance to draw out whether performance affects the firm’s choice of engagement level in CPA. The authors find that firms in the S&P 500 use a form of constituency-building (CB) more often than a financial-incentive (FI) tactic and that environmental performance moderates this choice. To date, there is little research connecting corporate political activity and climate change policies and performance. This research is intended to contribute to this literature gap.
A Comparison Study of Manufacturing Industry in Taiwan and China: Manager's Perceptions of Environment, Capability, Strategy and Performance

This article compares managers' perceptions of environment, capability, strategy and business performance in Taiwan and China. Based on an analysis of survey data collected from the fastener industry, results show that the industrial environment and network capability are significantly associated with performance in China, but not in Taiwan. The findings highlight the difference between actual and perceived situations which results from what specific context decision makers find themselves in and how they allocate attention to specific issues. In addition, path analysis reveals that both organizational and network capability of Chinese firms are significantly associated with strategy and performance. This demonstrates that the strategy selected by the Chinese firms as a mediator influences their performance. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Magic of Fibonacci Sequence in Prediction of Stock Behavior

the return of a financial product is a very risky task. It involves subjectivity and experts knowledge. In the development of an expert system, domain knowledge is one of the important component. For a software to be artificial intelligent, some heuristics are required, which can help in decision making. It is admitted by the technical experts of financial sectors that in predicting the support or resistance backtracking is required when prediction of support or resistance fails. In this paper ,an attempt has been made to restrict the back tracking of support and resistance to a maximum of two attempts. Proposed model can be further used in machine learning to remove the subjectivity.
Relationship between breath‐synchronous arterial pressure and heart rate variations during orthostatic stress

It has recently been shown that the phase relationship between respiration‐induced changes in arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) are different in supine and upright postures. We wanted to further analyse the coupling between respiration, arterial blood pressure and HR in the time domain, and how this coupling was altered during orthostatic stress. Nine healthy subjects were studied. Respiration‐induced changes in AP and HR were recorded during frequency‐ and volume‐controlled breathing. This was done during supine rest with and without lower body negative pressure (−50 mmHg) (LBNP). All experiments were performed after β1‐blockade. Responses were averaged breath‐by‐breath to enhance the time resolution and to eliminate noise. The respiration‐induced changes in arterial pulse pressure (PP) were different between control and LBNP: The peak in PP during the respiratory cycle occurred 0·9 ± 0·8 (mean ± SD) s before the onset of inspiration during supine control and 0·8 ± 2·1 s after the onset of inspiration during LBNP (P = 0·03). These changes in the timing of peak PP significantly distorted the cyclic systolic AP and mean AP fluctuations during LBNP. Despite the altered AP response with LBNP, HR fluctuations closely correlated in time with respiration in all conditions, albeit with a significantly reduced amplitude during LBNP (−49%, P = 0·01). The results points to a lack of coupling between AP and HR during paced breathing and thus suggest that respiratory sinus dysrhythmia at least, to a large extent, is independent of the arterial baroreflex.
Study on Digital PI Control of Current Loop in Active Power Filter

With development of modern industry, more and more non-linear loads are used in power system, resulting in increasingly severe harmonic pollution. Harmonic becomes main factors affecting power quality. Active power filter, as the most effective method to eliminate harmonic, has been paid more and more attention recently. The current compensation performance of active power filter depends on the controller. At present, more and more active power filters have been controlled by digital controller, which has the advantage of flexible control strategy, powerful ability of signal processing. However, digital controller has inherent drawbacks, such as quantization error, signal delay caused by Zero-Order hold, sample and computation delay. With analyzing active power filter's decreased performance caused by digital controller, this paper concentrates on two reasons: Zero-Order hold, sample and computation delay.
Hemostasis in the Mouse (Mus musculus): A Review

The common laboratory mouse (Mus musculus, Mus domesticus), the rat and the hamster are members of the animal order of rodentia. Rodentia are estimated to have first appeared on earth about 63 to 58 million years ago (mya), much earlier than other mammals, which first appeared 25–2.5 mya, or early humans (~2.5 mya). Because of its small size, high fertility, and exceptional reproductive capacity, the mouse is very often used as an inbred animal species for biological research purposes. The same reasons, coupled with the extensive knowledge of the mouse genome, have made the mouse very useful in the development of gene targeting techniques (1). Disruption or “knockout” in mice of genes known to be associated with human disease states or biological functions, has been enormously successful in providing vital physiologic and pathologic information. It has also permitted investigations that cannot easily be performed in humans, thus speeding the assessment of therapeutic interventions. In order to exploit fully the opportunities presented by such animals it is important that the mouse’s homeostatic systems be defined, so that their similarities to, and differences from, the comparable human systems can be appreciated. Our understanding of the hemostatic system has already been improved significantly by the availability of mouse models of human disease and by the knocking-out of genes that have not yet been identified as abnormal or missing in humans. Moreover, since elements of the hemostatic system may also participate in inflammation, oncogenesis, metastasis, and infectious diseases, it is important to have a clear understanding of the hemostatic system in the mouse in order to be able to interpret mouse models of these disorders most accurately. A wide spectrum of data about mouse hemostasis is available in the scientific literature, but they are fragmented and dispersed in numerous experimental settings. The aim of this review is to integrate the available data so that our current understanding, as well as the gaps in our understanding, are defined. An exhaustive analysis of all features of mouse hemostasis is beyond the scope of this review. Rather, to be most helpful to those considering studies in mouse models or those trying to interpret studies performed in such models, we have focused on: 1) topics of practical, technical importance, 2) platelet structure and function, and 3) a comprehensive listing of mouse hemostasis proteins whose amino acid sequences have been deduced from molecular biologic studies and compared to their human counterparts. Since the endothelium, along with subendothelial matrix proteins and adhesion molecules common to platelets and endothelium, are intimately involved with hemostasis, we have included selected data from these topics as well.
How Does Fiscal Policy Affect Investment? Evidence from a Large Panel

We assess the relevance of fiscal components for private and public investment using data for a large panel of 95 countries for the period 1970–2008. Accounting for the usual econometric pitfalls, our results suggest a negative effect of government expenditure and of government consumption spending on private investment. Interest payments and subsidies have a negative effect on both types of investment (particularly in emerging economies). Social security spending has a negative effect on private investment for the full and OECD samples, whereas government health spending has a positive and significant impact on private investment. Moreover, stronger fiscal numerical rules decrease public investment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Structural Analysis of Destination Travel Intentions as a Function of Web Site Features

This study used the technology acceptance model to assess the influence of tourism Web site characteristics on perceived Web site usefulness in planning a trip. Furthermore, the impact of Web site usefulness on intentions to travel to a destination was examined using structural equation modeling analysis. Consumer characteristics such as previous visits to the destination or its Web site, online travel-planning experience, and Internet use were included in the model. The results showed that motivating visuals and trip information functionality were significant predictors of Web site usefulness. Web site usefulness was a significant predictor of intent to travel to the destination, whereas previous visits to the destination or its Web site had significant but small negative influence on intentions to travel. The motivating visuals factor was also a significant direct predictor of intentions to travel to the destination, whereas trip information functionality had indirect influence on intentions through Web site usefulness. Specific theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Production, operating risk and market uncertainty: a valuation perspective on controlled policies

This paper develops a contingent claims model of an optimally controlled production process characterized by financial and operational risks. Financial risk is depicted by the uncertainty in output prices as determined in competitive markets. Operational uncertainty is portrayed through the risk of system failures which we represent by a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. In the analysis, failure propensity is functionally specified by the system's age, rate of production, and system maintenance expenditures. In this environment, the model obtains an optimal production and maintenance policy maximizing the value of the production effort. Determination of the optimal policies results through the application of stochastic control techniques where production and maintenance expenditure rates are taken as adapted real-valued processes. Further extensions of the model include the analysis of an insurance option on failure repairs and the consequent moral hazard implications. We demonst rate that an appropriately established insurance premium must reflect the producer's operating policy in place and the extent to which operating policies may be modified to maintain the same level of operating risk, as in the absence of an insurance option. The framework presented provides insight into key strategic factors that affect the management of process operations, operating flexibility issues and their resulting economic value.
The Input-Output Approach to Instrument Selection

This article proposes a new method of selecting demand-shift instruments for disaggregated industries. I use prior information from input-output tables to identify industries whose output fluctuations are likely to function as approximately exogenous demand shocks for other industries. After motivating this idea theoretically, I implement the input-output approach using data from the 1977 detailed input-output study. I conduct a systematic instrument search for over 450 U.S. manufacturing industries and find over 200 industries possessing plausible instruments. I conclude with a brief application, showing how input-output instruments can be used to estimate the short-run supply curve of the cement industry.
Assessing Economic Complexity in some OECD countries with Input-Output Based Measures

Economic complexity can be defined as the level of interdependence between the component parts of an economy. In input-output systems intersectoral connectedness is a crucial feature of analysis, and there are many different methods of measuring it. Most of the measures, however, have important drawbacks to be used as a good indicator of economic complexity, because they were not explicitly made with this purpose in mind. In this paper, we present, discuss and compare empirically different indexes of economic complexity as sectoral connectedness, using the inter-industry tables of several OECD countries.
THE WELFARE STATE AND EDUCATION: A COMPARISON OF SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL POLICY IN ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES

In their work on the development of welfare states in Europe and America, authors like Peter Flora and Arnold Heidenheimer (1981), Hugh Heclo (1985), and Francis Castles (1989) argued that there exits a trade-off between government investment in public education versus spending for social policy. We explore this "trade-off" thesis and the relationship between public education and social programs for 18 democratic industrial nations since the 1960s, with a special consideration of the German case. Our results indicate a strong association between educational policies and social programs in these nations and we find evidence of a “trade-off. ” More specifically, the types of welfare states Esping-Andersen (1990) describes - liberal, conservative, and social democratic - are correlated with particular profiles for educational policy. Certain types of welfare regimes exhibit a tendency to choose between educational opportunities or social insurance programs as alternative policy strategies.
The Effect of Government Spending on the Debt‐To‐GDP Ratio: Some Keynesian Arithmetic

According to the standard approach to the issue of public debt sustainability, fiscal austerity is the route that many countries must currently follow to reduce their debt‐to‐GDP ratios back to sustainable paths. We challenge this conventional wisdom and argue that, below full employment, an increase in government spending may paradoxically reduce the debt‐to‐GDP ratio. This claim is particularly relevant today because with Central Bank interest rates near zero there is no alternative to fiscal policy, and the only argument against increasing government expenditure as a way to fight unemployment is its supposed negative effect on the state of public finances.