Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scheduling for Large-Scale Systems

In this chapter, scheduling is defined as the activity that consists in mapping a task graph onto a target platform. The task graph represents the application, nodes denote computational tasks, and edges model precedence constraints between tasks. For each task, an assignment (choose the processor that will execute the task) and a schedule (decide when to start the execution) are determined. The goal is to obtain an efficient execution of the application, which translates into optimizing some objective function. The traditional objective function in the scheduling literature is the minimization of the total execution time, or makespan. Section 0.2 provides a quick background on task graph scheduling, mostly to recall some definitions, notations, and well-known results. In contrast to pure makespan minimization, this chapter aims at discussing scheduling problems that arise at large scale, and involve one or several different optimization criteria, that depart from, or complement, the classical makespan objective. Section 0.3 assesses the importance of key ingredients of modern scheduling techniques: (i) multi-criteria optimization; (ii) memory management; and (iii) reliability. These concepts are illustrated in the following sections, which cover four case studies. Section 0.4 is devoted to illustrate multi-criteria optimization techniques, that mix throughput, energy and reliability. Sections 0.5 and 0.6 illustrate different memory management techniques to schedule large task graphs. Finally, Section 0.7 discusses the impact of checkpointing techniques to schedule parallel jobs at very large-scale. We conclude this chapter by stating some research directions in Section 0.8, by defining terms in Section 0.9, and by pointing to additional sources of information in Section 0.10.
Optimization Data Fusion Approaches for Intelligent House System

This study production of smart house to show the entire system, the use of self-sensing module and the 8051 monocrystal chip processing sensor signals, the success achieved with the measurement of temperature, humidity, illumination, carbon monoxide sensor module. This study purposes the smart house, remote monitoring and automatic system based on consistency algorithm for multi-sensor optimization data fusion via wireless sensors network framework. The way transmits by wireless (ZigBee chips) and wired (DAQ signal acquisition device) sensor value send to the server-side carries on remote monitoring and record etc. In accordance with environmental requirements set in the server-side sensing value, usin g the infrared ray way automatic control load. When it necessity also can use the available hand-hold remote control, dual control functio ns to enable the environment to be safer and the comfortable home life.
Treating Violence in the School through Traditional Martial Arts

lence in the School System,” Benbenisti, Astor, and Marachi (2003) map out the programs being deployed throughout the school system today. Those programs listed are “peace builders,” “second step,” “Richmond’s youth against violence,” “student’s project for peace,” “community service plan,” “strategies for the prevention of youth violence,” “FAST-track families and school,” and “brainpower and YLYG” in Cleveland, Ohio. None of the above programs for preventing school violence uses martial arts techniques as preventive measures. The particular martial art we will examine is GoJu (meaning literally hard and soft). It is not a fad that comes and goes but rather a well-based program grounded in the traditional Chinese philosophy called “Dao. ” The intent of this study is to introduce the GoJu martial arts to the Israeli school system as a primary and especially secondary prevention of school violence.
Hypertension, Stress and Erectile Dysfunction: Potential Insights from the Analysis of Heart Rate Variability

Summary Increased sympathetic activity and mental stress may affect erectile function. These effects may be acute and/or chronic. Cardiovascular regulation can be assessed noninvasively using a computer-based analysis of suitable haemodynamic signals. This research may provide new insights into the complex pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED). In particular, there is still a largely unexplored area of research that covers the effect of drugs on these regulatory mechanisms. Such research may provide new therapeutic options
Computational Investigation of Glycosylation Effects on a Family 1 Carbohydrate-binding Module*

Background: Family 1 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are often components of cellulases for binding to cellulose. Results: Family 1 CBM binding affinity is dramatically affected by the presence of O-glycosylation near the CBM binding face. Conclusion: Glycosylation should be accounted for in CBM binding affinity studies. Significance: Glycosylation can be harnessed to tune cellulase binding affinity, which is known to affect activity. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) are ubiquitous components of glycoside hydrolases, which degrade polysaccharides in nature. CBMs target specific polysaccharides, and CBM binding affinity to cellulose is known to be proportional to cellulase activity, such that increasing binding affinity is an important component of performance improvement. To ascertain the impact of protein and glycan engineering on CBM binding, we use molecular simulation to quantify cellulose binding of a natively glycosylated Family 1 CBM. To validate our approach, we first examine aromatic-carbohydrate interactions on binding, and our predictions are consistent with previous experiments, showing that a tyrosine to tryptophan mutation yields a 2-fold improvement in binding affinity. We then demonstrate that enhanced binding of 3–6-fold over a nonglycosylated CBM is achieved by the addition of a single, native mannose or a mannose dimer, respectively, which has not been considered previously. Furthermore, we show that the addition of a single, artificial glycan on the anterior of the CBM, with the native, posterior glycans also present, can have a dramatic impact on binding affinity in our model, increasing it up to 140-fold relative to the nonglycosylated CBM. These results suggest new directions in protein engineering, in that modifying glycosylation patterns via heterologous expression, manipulation of culture conditions, or introduction of artificial glycosylation sites, can alter CBM binding affinity to carbohydrates and may thus be a general strategy to enhance cellulase performance. Our results also suggest that CBM binding studies should consider the effects of glycosylation on binding and function.
Adaptive non-linear least squares for inverse kinematics

The use of an adaptive non-linear least squares algorithm to solve the inverse kinematic problem for robotic manipulators is proposed. The algorithm uses the Gauss-Newton model of the direct kinematic function with the Levenberg-Marquardt iteration. This first-order approximation is supplemented with a quadratic model in certain situations. If required the algorithm can converge to singular configurations, and hence is especially useful when the desired end-effector position is outside the reachable workspace of the manipulator. The authors prove that the task space error function has no local minimizers. <<ETX>>
Bilingualism and Cognitive Development: A Study on the Acquisition of Number Skills

Growing up as bilingual seem to exert some positive and negative effects on general cognitive functioning. Positive gains concern a earlier maturation of the attentional system in childhood and its later decline in adulthood. Bilinguals have been shown to be advantaged , compared to their monolingual peers in tasks requiring control of attention: they are more accurate in judging the grammaticality of sentences (Bialystok et al.1986); faster in the Attentional Network Test and in the Simon task (Costa et al 2007; Bialystok et al.2005). On the other hand bilinguals are disadvantaged in t asks requiring speech production : they are slower in acceding to the lexical representation of words (Ivanova, Costa,2007); they exhibit more tip of the tonguge states (Gollan & Silvenberg, 2001) and they show lower rates in retrieving verbal stimuli (Gollan,2002). If bilingualism can exert these influence sin boosting and hampering these so general cognitive functions, bilinguals children might also show these effects across domains.We surveyed the presence of these advantages and disadvantages in a domain so relevant as it is speaking two languages that is the number field. Bilinguals and monolinguals children were asked to perform three different number tasks: number Stroop, verification and dot counting.Unlike in the study of Bialystok et al. (2004; 2005) who employed a classical Stroop task, no difference was found between mono- and bilinguals as for the number Stroop effect. In the verification task, an associative confusion effect was found in the bilingual but not in the monolingual group. Finally, when children were asked to count, bilinguals performed equally well as their monolingual peers in counting items in the subitizing range only, whereas they were slower than their peers when they counted from 4 to 9 dots. This latter result, in particular, is consistent with many psycholinguistic studies claiming that bilinguals are disadvantaged in tasks requiring lexical access (Costa & Caramazza, 1999), and extend them to the number processing domain.
The Ins and Outs of Anthrax Toxin

Anthrax is a severe, although rather rare, infectious disease that is caused by the Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The infectious form is the spore and the major virulence factors of the bacterium are its poly-γ-D-glutamic acid capsule and the tripartite anthrax toxin. The discovery of the anthrax toxin receptors in the early 2000s has allowed in-depth studies on the mechanisms of anthrax toxin cellular entry and translocation from the endocytic compartment to the cytoplasm. The toxin generally hijacks the endocytic pathway of CMG2 and TEM8, the two anthrax toxin receptors, in order to reach the endosomes. From there, the pore-forming subunit of the toxin inserts into endosomal membranes and enables translocation of the two catalytic subunits. Insertion of the pore-forming unit preferentially occurs in intraluminal vesicles rather than the limiting membrane of the endosome, leading to the translocation of the enzymatic subunits in the lumen of these vesicles. This has important consequences that will be discussed. Ultimately, the toxins reach the cytosol where they act on their respective targets. Target modification has severe consequences on cell behavior, in particular on cells of the immune system, allowing the spread of the bacterium, in severe cases leading to host death. Here we will review the literature on anthrax disease with a focus on the structure of the toxin, how it enters cells and its immunological effects.
Exploiting KAD: possible uses and misuses

Peer-to-peer systems have seen a tremendous growth in the last few years and peer-to-peer traffic makes a major fraction of the total traffic seen in the Internet. The dominating application for peer-to-peer is file sharing. Some of the most popular peer-to-peer systems for file sharing have been Napster, FastTrack, BitTorrent, and eDonkey, each one counting a million or more users at their peak time. We got interested in kad since it is the only DHT that has been part of very popular peer-to-peer system with several million simultaneous users. As we have been studying kad over the course of the last 18 months we have been both, fascinated and frightened by the possibilities kad offers. Mounting a Sybil attack is very easy in kad and allows to compromise the privacy of kad users, to compromise the correct operation of the key lookup and to mount DDOS with very little resources. In this paper, we will relate some of our findings and point out how kad can be used and misused.
Mapping of regular nested loop programs to coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays - constraints and methodology

Summary form only given. Apart from academic, recently more and more commercial coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays have been developed. Computational intensive applications from the area of video and wireless communication seek to exploit the computational power of such massively parallel SoCs. Conventionally, DSP processors are used in the digital signal processing domain. Thus, the existing compilation techniques are closely related to approaches from the DSP world. These approaches employ several loop transformations, like pipelining or temporal partitioning, but they are not able to exploit the full parallelism of a given algorithm and the computational potential of a typical 2-dimensional array. In this paper, (i) we present an overview of constraints which have to be considered when mapping applications to coarse-grained reconfigurable arrays, (ii) we present our design methodology for mapping regular algorithms onto massively parallel arrays which is characterized by loop parallelization in the polytope model, and (Hi), in a first case study, we adapt our design methodology for targeting reconfigurable arrays. The case study shows that the presented regular mapping methodology may lead to highly efficient implementations taking into account the constraints of the architecture.
Advanced transceiver schemes for next generation high rate telemetry

We investigate the problem of increasing the spectral efficiency of current high rate telemetry systems in two different scenarios, which exploit one and two channels, respectively. We will analyze several techniques aimed at improving different stages of the transceiver scheme. We will optimize the transmission parameters and apply advanced receiver architectures, able to take into account part of the channel memory and of the interchannel interference. We will propose a new signal predistortion algorithm, which has very good performance in both considered scenarios, and we will show that, by combining the presented techniques, significant gains are possible over the current configuration. The whole analysis is aimed at providing information theoretical bounds to the achievable transmission rates.
Cultured oligodendrocyte progenitors derived from cerebral cortex express a glycine receptor which is pharmacologically distinct from the neuronal isoform

Using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique, we demonstrate glycine‐induced currents in oligosphere‐derived oligodendrocyte progenitors cultured from newborn rats. Similar inward currents are also triggered by β‐alanine and taurine, two established glycine receptor agonists. In our recording conditions, glycine‐gated currents in oligodendrocyte progenitors reverse about 0 mV and are reversibly inhibited by the glycine competitive antagonist strychnine, the Cl– channel blocker picrotoxinin and the non‐competitive antagonist cyanotriphenylborate. The oligodendrocyte progenitors glycine receptor (GlyR) differs from the corresponding neuronal receptor: [3H]strychnine binding data and the strychnine inhibition curve of glycine‐induced currents in oligodendrocyte progenitor cultures suggest the existence of two strychnine binding sites on the oligodendroglial GlyR. Using total RNA isolated from oligodendrocyte progenitors cultures, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis of glycine receptor subunit expression shows the presence of α2 and β subunits and immunocytochemical stainings confirm that this GlyR contains an α subunit which is not α1. The molecular structure of the oligodendroglial GlyR could be either homopentameric α2 or heteromeric α2β but in both cases, the sequence of the α2 or β subunits have to be different from the known neuronal sequences in order to explain, respectively, the cyanotriphenylborate (α2) and picrotoxinin (β) sensitivities. This work thus demonstrates that GlyR are expressed by oligodendrocytes obtained not only from spinal cord but also from supraspinal structures. The pharmacological properties and presumably the molecular structure of oligodendroglial GlyR are original. The physiological meaning of the presence of such receptors on developing and mature oligodendrocytes remains unknown.
Genetic Diversity and Differentiation of Colletotrichum spp. Isolates Associated with Leguminosae Using Multigene Loci, RAPD and ISSR

Genetic diversity and differentiation of 50 Colletotrichum spp. isolates from legume crops studied through multigene loci, RAPD and ISSR analysis. DNA sequence comparisons by six genes (ITS, ACT, Tub2, CHS-1, GAPDH, and HIS3) verified species identity of C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporiodes and identity C. capsici as a synonym of C. truncatum. Based on the matrix distance analysis of multigene sequences, the Colletotrichum species showed diverse degrees of intera and interspecific divergence (0.0 to 1.4%) and (15.5–19.9), respectively. A multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered Colletotrichum spp. isolates into 3 well-defined clades, representing three distinct species; C. truncatum, C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides. The ISSR and RAPD and cluster analysis exhibited a high degree of variability among different isolates and permitted the grouping of isolates of Colletotrichum spp. into three distinct clusters. Distinct populations of Colletotrichum spp. isolates were genetically in accordance with host specificity and inconsistent with geographical origins. The large population of C. truncatum showed greater amounts of genetic diversity than smaller populations of C. dematium and C. gloeosporioides species. Results of ISSR and RAPD markers were congruent, but the effective maker ratio and the number of private alleles were greater in ISSR markers.
Constitutive Type VI Secretion System Expression Gives Vibrio cholerae Intra- and Interspecific Competitive Advantages

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) mediates protein translocation across the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae – the causative agent of cholera. All V. cholerae strains examined to date harbor gene clusters encoding a T6SS. Structural similarity and sequence homology between components of the T6SS and the T4 bacteriophage cell-puncturing device suggest that the T6SS functions as a contractile molecular syringe to inject effector molecules into prokaryotic and eukaryotic target cells. Regulation of the T6SS is critical. A subset of V. cholerae strains, including the clinical O37 serogroup strain V52, express T6SS constitutively. In contrast, pandemic strains impose tight control that can be genetically disrupted: mutations in the quorum sensing gene luxO and the newly described regulator gene tsrA lead to constitutive T6SS expression in the El Tor strain C6706. In this report, we examined environmental V. cholerae isolates from the Rio Grande with regard to T6SS regulation. Rough V. cholerae lacking O-antigen carried a nonsense mutation in the gene encoding the global T6SS regulator VasH and did not display virulent behavior towards Escherichia coli and other environmental bacteria. In contrast, smooth V. cholerae strains engaged constitutively in type VI-mediated secretion and displayed virulence towards prokaryotes (E. coli and other environmental bacteria) and a eukaryote (the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum). Furthermore, smooth V. cholerae strains were able to outcompete each other in a T6SS-dependent manner. The work presented here suggests that constitutive T6SS expression provides V. cholerae with an advantage in intraspecific and interspecific competition.
Supervised feature learning via sparse coding for music information rerieval

Dedicated to W iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I would like to thank my advisor Dr.Alexander Lerch for his valuable help, advice and patience throughout the last two years. With his support I have gained an incredible amount from my time at Tzanetakis for their feedback on this thesis. My gratitude to my friends and family for putting up with me during this last semester and especially my parents, without whom none of this would be possible.
Attention Affects the Stereoscopic Depth Aftereffect

‘Preattentive’ vision is typically considered to include several low-level processes, including the perception of depth from binocular disparity and motion parallax. However, doubt was cast on this model when it was shown that a secondary attentional task can modulate the motion aftereffect (Chaudhuri, 1990 Nature 344 60–62). Here we investigate whether attention can also affect the depth aftereffect (Blakemore and Julesz, 1971 Science 171 286–288). Subjects adapted to stationary or moving random-dot patterns segmented into depth planes while attention was manipulated with a secondary task (character processing at parametrically varied rates). We found that the duration of the depth aftereffect can be affected by attentional manipulations, and both its duration and that of the motion aftereffect varied with the difficulty of the secondary task. The results are discussed in the context of dynamic feedback models of vision, and support the penetrability of low-level sensory processes by attentional mechanisms.
Classical diseases revisited: transient global amnesia

Transient global amnesia usually affects patients between the ages of 40 and 80. Patients with this condition are often described – wrongly – as being confused. It presents classically with an abrupt onset of severe anterograde amnesia. It is usually accompanied by repetitive questioning. The patient does not have any focal neurological symptoms. Patients remain alert, attentive, and cognition is not impaired. However, they are disoriented to time and place. Attacks usually last for 1–8 h but should be less than 24 h. It is possible that it may result from different mechanisms such as venous congestion with valsalva-like activities before symptom onset, arterial thromboembolic ischaemia and vasoconstriction due to hyperventilation. Diagnosis may be made safely in the presence of a characteristic collateral history. No specific treatment is indicated for a typical episode.
Local stability of high order power control in cellular networks

We address three major control challenges present in power control of wireless cellular networks: time-delays, interference and the binary control feedback. The power control is distributed and based on measurements of the Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR). This implies that the users are coupled through the mutual interference. In this paper we show that the interference feedback plays a fundamental role for system stability and behavior. The interference is captured by the so-called feasibility matrix, which contains the interference couplings weighted with SIR-requirements. First, we consider a simplified system and derive a Nyquist stability criterion which separates the system dynamics from the eigenvalues of the feasibility matrix. This criterion is also used to derive bounds on the rate of convergence. Second, we investigate oscillations caused by the binary feedback using harmonic balance techniques. Here, we obtain a similar separation result. Using the structure of the feasibility matrix we derive bounds on the eigenvalue location, which can be seen as a robustness result to disturbances. In an example we illustrate the stability results and predict and observe oscillation modes that are caused by the interference feedback.