Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bleeding Rate After Tooth Extraction in Patients Under Oral Anticoagulant Therapy

Objectives:The aim of this single-cohort prospective study was to evaluate the risk of adverse outcomes after tooth extraction in patients suffering from cardiovascular disorders and under oral anticoagulant therapy with an international normalized ratio within the value of 3.0. Methods:Two hundred ninety-three patients (mean age of 58.7 years) were enrolled and 560 tooth extractions were performed. Fresh extraction sockets were treated with collagen tablets and sutures. The risk of increased bleeding rate was evaluated for type of drug therapy (acenocoumarol or warfarin), type of cardiovascular diseases, and number of tooth extractions. Level of significance was set at 0.05. Results:The overall bleeding event rate was 6.8%. Among patients who had bleeding events, 4 suffered from valvular disorders, whereas 11 suffered from arrhythmias (8) or cardiomyopathies (3). The remaining 5 patients had a history of cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia.The bleeding events in patients who had more than 2 tooth extractions were significantly higher than those observed in patients who had only 1 tooth extraction (P <0.05). Conclusion:Patients who received more than 2 tooth extractions, who were under treatment with acenocoumarol, and who suffered from multiple cardiovascular diseases were at high risk for bleeding events.
Performance Evaluation of VMware and VirtualBox

Virtualization is a framework of dividing the resources of a computer into multiple execution environments. More specific it is a layer of software that provides the illusion of a real machine to multiple instances of virtual machines. Virtualization offers a lot of benefits including flexibility, security, ease to configuration and management, reduction of cost and so forth, but at the same time it also brings a certain degree of performance overhead. Furthermore, Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) is the core component of virtual machine (VM) system and its effectiveness greatly impacts the performance of whole system. In this paper, we measure and analyze the performance of two virtual machine monitors VMware and VirtualBox using LMbench and IOzone, and provide a quantitative and qualitative comparison of both virtual machine monitors.
Modes of long-run development: Latin America and East Asia

Abstract In this paper, two models of long-run development are constructed, one for a unimodal agricultural structure and the other for a bimodal agricultural structure. The process of the evolution of state institutional capacity under these two structures is analyzed. Capacity is measured by the ability of the state to extract revenue in return for which services are provided. The development of such capacity is seen as the key factor in providing the human capital and infrastructure necessary for the shift from inward- to outward-oriented development. Latin America and East Asia are used as examples of these two modes of long-run development.
Student Learning Strategies to Predict Success in an Online Adaptive Mathematics Tutoring System

Student learning strategies play a critical role in their overall success. The central goal of this study is to investigate how learning strategies are related to student success in an online adaptive mathematics tutoring system. To accomplish this goal, we developed a model to predict student performance based on their strategies in ALEKS, an online learning environment. We have identified student learning strategies and behaviors in seven main categories: help-seeking, multiple consecutive errors, learning from errors, switching to a new topic, topic mastery, reviewing previous mastered topics, and changes in behavior over time. The model, developed by using stepwise logistic regression, indicated that requesting two consecutive explanations, making consecutive errors and requesting an explanation, and changes in learning behaviors over time, were associated with lower success rates in the semester-end assessment. By contrast, the reviewing previous mastered topics strategy was a positive predictor of success in the last assessment. The results showed that the predictive model was able to predict students’ success with reasonably high accuracy.
Internal carbon source from sludge pretreated by microwave-H2O2 for nutrient removal in A2/O-membrane bioreactors

To improve the nutrient removal, the feasibility was studied for the organics released from sludge pretreated by microwave-H2O2 process (MHP) to be used as internal carbon source in two A2/O-membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The experiments were conducted for the nutrient removal and the membrane fouling. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of TN and TP were improved by 11% and 28.34%, respectively, as C/N ratio was adjusted to 8 by adding the internal carbon source, and the ratio of soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) consumed easily for denitrification was about 46% of the total sCOD in the internal carbon source. The addition of the internal carbon sources did not lead to severe membrane fouling in the experimental A2/O-MBR. It is implied that the organics released from sludge pretreated by MHP could be used as the internal carbon source to enhance the nutrient removal in A2/O-MBRs.
Central blockade of vasopressin V(1) receptors attenuates postexercise hypotension.

We tested the hypothesis that central arginine vasopressin (AVP) mediates postexercise reductions in arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR). To test this hypothesis, nine spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were instrumented with a 22-gauge stainless steel guide cannula in the right lateral cerebral ventricle and with a carotid arterial catheter. After the rats recovered, AP and HR were assessed before and after a single bout of dynamic exercise with the central administration of vehicle or the selective AVP V(1)-receptor antagonist d(CH(3))(5) Tyr(Me)-AVP (AVP-X). AP and HR were significantly decreased below preexercise values with central administration of vehicle [P < 0.05, change (Delta)-21 +/- 4 mmHg and Delta-20 +/- 6 beats/min, respectively]. In sharp contrast, after exercise with central administration of AVP-X, both AP (Delta+8 +/- 5 mmHg) and HR (Delta+24 +/- 9 beats/min) were not significantly different from preexercise values (P > 0.05). Furthermore, AVP-X at rest did not significantly alter AP (181 +/- 11 vs. 178 +/- 11 mmHg, P > 0.05) or HR (328 +/- 24 vs. 331 +/- 22 beats/min, P > 0.05). Thus central blockade of AVP V(1) receptors prevented postexercise reductions in AP and HR. These data suggest that AVP, acting within the central nervous system, mediates postexercise reductions in AP and HR in the SHR.
The Triple-Helix Model of Smart Cities: A Neo-Evolutionary Perspective

This paper sets out to demonstrate how the triple-helix model enables us to study the knowledge base of an urban economy in terms of its civil society's support for the evolution of the city as a key component of an innovation system. It argues that cities can be considered as densities in networks among three relevant dynamics: the intellectual capital of universities, the wealth creation of industries, and the democratic government of civil society. It goes on to suggest that these interactions generate dynamic spaces within cities where knowledge can be exploited to bootstrap the technology of regional innovation systems. These dynamic spaces can best be understood as spaces of ubiquitous information and communication technologies (ICT) where knowledge is key to regional innovation systems, creating the notion of “smart cities. ”
Synthesis and application of a novel star-hyperbranched poly(acrylic acid) for improved dental restoratives

A new star-hyperbranched poly(acrylic acid) has been synthesized and incorporated into dental glassionomer cement for enhanced mechanical strengths. The effects of arm number and branching on viscosity of the polymer aqueous solution and mechanical strengths of the formed experimental cement were evaluated. It was found that the higher the arm number and the more the branching, the lower the viscosity of the polymer solution as well as the mechanical strengths of the formed cement. It was also found that the experimental cement exhibited significantly higher mechanical strengths than commercial Fuji II LC. The experimental cement was 51% in CS, 55% in compressive modulus, 118% in DTS, 82% in FS, 18% in FT and 85% in KHN higher than Fuji II LC. The experimental cement was only 6.7% of abrasive and 10% of attritional wear depths of Fuji II LC in each wear cycle. It appears that this novel experimental cement is a clinically attractive dental restorative and may potentially be used for high-wear and high-stress-bearing site restorations.
Field evaluation of lambda-cyhalothrin (ICON 10 CS) indoor residual spraying against Anopheles culicifacies in India.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Field trials of lambda-cyhalothrin 10 CS (ICON 10 CS) in indoor residual spraying (IRS) with 25 mg a.i./m2 against Anopheles culicifacies was undertaken vs malathion IRS (25% WP-2 g a.i./m2) in Tumkur district, Karnataka; vs deltamethrin IRS (2.5% WP-20 mg a.i./m2) in Dharmapuri district; and vs lambda-cyhalothrin (10 WP-25 mg a.i./m2) in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. METHODS Spray operations in the experimental villages were done by the National Institute of Malaria Research (NIMR) and in the control villages by the respective State Health Department staff. Persistence of efficacy of insecticide sprayed in villages was assessed by contact bioassays against vector mosquitoes. Entomological indicators such as per structure density, parity rates of vector mosquitoes and sporozoite rates were measured in all the three study areas using standard procedures. Mass blood surveys and active fever case detections were carried out in experimental and control villages to study the impact of IRS on malaria transmission. RESULTS Persistence of effectiveness of ICON 10 CS was observed up to 2-3 months in all the three study areas. ICON 10 CS was found effective at par with or better than the insecticides used in the national programme in reducing the mosquito densities and in interrupting malaria transmission in the study villages. Vector density, parity rates and malaria cases considerably reduced in the ICON 10 CS-sprayed villages. CONCLUSION Field trials at three sites have established that ICON 10 CS formulation was relatively more effective than malathion 25% WP, deltamethrin 2.5% WP and lambda-cyhalothrin 10% WP in some evaluation parameters like indoor resting mosquitoes, parity rates in vector mosquitoes and persistence of effectiveness. It can be used for IRS for malaria vector control with two rounds of spray at an interval of 3 months for curtailing the malaria transmission and an additional round is recommended in perennial malaria transmission areas.
Improving Error Resilience Analysis Methodology of Iterative Workloads for Approximate Computing

Assessing error resilience inherent to the digital processing workloads provides application-specific insights towards approximate computing strategies for improving power efficiency and/or performance. With the case study of radio astronomy calibration, our contributions for improving the error resilience analysis are focused primarily on iterative methods that use a convergence criterion as a quality metric to terminate the iterative computations. We propose an adaptive statistical approximation model for high-level resilience analysis that provides an opportunity to divide a workload into exact and approximate iterations. This improves the existing error resilience analysis methodology by quantifying the number of approximate iterations (23% of the total iterations in our case study) in addition to other parameters used in the state-of-the-art techniques. This way heterogeneous architectures comprised of exact and inexact computing cores and adaptive accuracy architectures can be exploited efficiently. Moreover, we demonstrate the importance of quality function reconsideration for convergence based iterative processes as the original quality function (the convergence criterion) is not necessarily sufficient in the resilience analysis phase. If such is the case, an additional quality function has to be defined to assess the viability of the approximate techniques.
Risk of Pediatric Back-over Injuries in Residential Driveways by Vehicle Type

Objective: Research suggests that children experience driveway back-over injuries at a significant rate and the severity of the resulting injuries differ by type of vehicle. Yet, no US study attempted to quantify "back-over risk" for classes of vehicles because of the difficulties with determining exposure. Using vehicle registration information, we set out to estimate the relative risk of driveway back-over injuries to children by type of vehicle. Methods: Driveway back-over events were identified from state police reports and medical records from the state level 1 pediatric trauma center and compared with vehicle registration information to estimate injury incidence for 4 classes of vehicles (passenger cars, trucks, sport utility vehicles, and minivans) over 6 years in the state of Utah. Results: Reported driveway back-over injuries represent an incidence of 7.09 per 100,000 children (<10 years old) per year. Overall, passenger cars account for 1.62 injuries per 100,000 registered vehicles. Compared with passenger cars, children were 53% more likely to be injured by a truck (P = 0.01) and 2.4 times more likely to be injured by a minivan (P < 0.001). Among children transported to a trauma center, admission (P = 0.01) and need for surgery (P = 0.03) were greater among children backed over by trucks, sport utility vehicles, and minivans compared with passenger cars. Conclusions: Findings suggest that when assessing driveway back-over injuries, larger high-profile vehicles are associated with a higher incidence and severity of injuries when compared with injuries resulting from passenger cars.
Trend in the financial structure and results of firms in 2005

The article looks at the financial situation of non-financial corporations in Belgium over the period running from 1 January to 31 December 2008. Because of the contrasting economic trends during that period, the analysis is somewhat blurred. Nevertheless, the data collected still give a good idea of the resistance capacity of firms at the beginning of the recession. For the year 2008 as a whole, growth of the total value added generated by Belgian non-financial corporations amounted to 1.8 p.c. (in current prices), well down on previous years. Meanwhile, operating costs grew more quickly than value added, resulting in a drop in operating profit for the first time since 2001. As far as the financial position of firms is concerned, there was a widespread decline in profitability and repayment ability in 2008, due to the economic downturn. On the other hand, solvency ratios continued to rise as a result of newly-invested capital. Finally, a distribution analysis shows that a large proportion of firms are in an unfavourable situation and that the dispersion of ratios has widened over the last ten years.
Home Bias in European Countries within a Bayesian Framework

The home bias is defined as the tendency of the investors to invest a larger proportion of their wealth in domestic equities than what would be optimal based on the meanvariance principle. There are several explanations for this observed home bias, e.g., barriers to foreign investments and information asymmetry. From a Bayesian viewpoint the level of the investors' prior mistrust in a certain asset-pricing model may explain the home bias, despite the fact that statistical tests fail in rejecting the model. The purpose is to analyze how fragile the investors' prior confidence in ICAPM (International Capital Asset Pricing Model) must be to cause home bias in European equity markets. We use a Bayesian approach to estimate the predictive distribution of the asset returns for each European country under different prior scenarios. The investors' optimal portfolio weights are constructed from the moments of this predictive distribution. The result shows that there is a strong home bias in most countries, which cannot be explained by any degree of disbelief in the ICAPM. The losses due to the holdings of inefficient portfolios by pension funds are assessed via certainty equivalent calculations. Italian pension funds suffer more than the funds of the other countries from the home bias while UK and the Netherlands experience very small losses.
Defective NF-kB transcription factor as the mediator of inflammatory responses: a study on depressed Iranian medical students.

BACKGROUND NF-kB is a transcription factor that is a downstream target of several cell signaling systems including TLRs. Defective expression of the molecule can lead to inappropriate immune responses. Previous studies revealed that depression can affect immune responses, but its molecular mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. Thus, the main aim of this study was to identify if mRNA levels of NF-kB are changed in the PBMCs isolated from Iranian depressed medical students. METHODS This cross-sectional study was done on 38 Iranian depressed medical students and 43 healthy students as a control group. The mRNA levels of NF-kB were assessed in parallel with beta-actin (as the housekeeping gene) using Real-Time PCR technique. RESULTS Our results showed that mRNA levels of NF-kB were significantly decreased in isolated PBMCs from depressed patients compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS According to the results obtained in the present study, it seems that depressed patients are unable to appropriately express NF-kB at mRNA levels which may in turn lead to defective molecule expression.
Employment equity in South Africa: lessons from the global school

South African companies employing 50 or more employees or those with a specified financial turnover, are required to comply with the provisions of the newly introduced Employment Equity Act. Prior to the introduction of the Act, large companies in the country had already introduced strategies of affirmative action to achieve employment equity. This paper highlights some of the strategic and operational concerns surrounding employment equity legislation in South Africa and reviews broad practices of employment equity in Malaysia, India, the USA, Canada, Britain and Zimbabwe. Lessons for the effective implementation of employment equity in South Africa are identified.
Parental Expectations and Concerns for the Use of the Internet in Education.

Parental attitudes and expectations about the use of the Internet in education are important for local school administrators and teachers to consider when the Internet reaches their classrooms because parental involvement has been shown to have a positive influence on students' academic achievement. The purpose of this study was to gather data on parents' perspectives of the use of the Internet in their children's education. Five parents involved in the Home and School Association at a Philadelphia high school were interviewed; interviews focused specifically on parental attitudes and expectations toward the use of the Internet in education. In addition, a web site questionnaire was designed to elicit data from parents worldwide. Results from both surveys revealed that many of the parents' views fall within the classification of technorealism. Parents were most impressed by the resources of information on the Internet; they also showed concern that the plethora of information would require children to be able to analyze and evaluate materials online. Parents doubted that computers in schools would lead to better academic achievement; however, they expected their children to learn technology skills that would be useful in future work places. Wasting time was another concern expressed by parents, as well as protecting children from inappropriate materials and from strangers. The interview questionnaire and Internet survey forms are appended. (AEF) ******************************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ******************************************************************************** I Parental Expectations 1 Running head: PARENTAL EXPECTATIONS Parental Expectations and Concerns for the Use of the Internet in Education Andrea Suzanne Grimm Master of Liberal Arts Capstone University of Pennsylvania Primary Reader: Dr. David Azzolina, Folklore Secondary Reader: Dr. Christine Kray, Anthropology
Cost-Benefit Criteria and the Compensation Principle in Evaluating Small Projects

The use of the compensation principle in cost-benefit analysis as a means of separating the efficiency and distributional effects of a project is theoretically suspect for a number of reasons. One difficulty is the lack of a necessary and sufficient criterion for determining that a compensation test is passed in an economy where consumers' and producers' prices are not the same. For this paper we establish such a criterion for projects that are small in the differential sense. The criterion requires the calculation of a set of "shadow prices" which is a weighted average of the consumers' and producers' price vectors.
Some Further Evidence on Exchange-Rate Volatility and Exports

The relationship between exchange-rate volatility and aggregate export volumes for 12 industrial economies is examined using a model that includes real export earnings of oil-producing economies as a determinant of industrial-country export volumes. A supposition underlying the model is that, given their levels of economic development, oil-exporters’ income elasticities of demand for industrial-country exports might differ from those of industrial countries. Five estimation techniques, including a generalized method of moments (GMM) and random coefficient (RC) estimation, are employed on panel data covering the estimation period 1977:1-2003:4 using three measures of volatility. In contrast to recent studies employing panel data, we do not find a single instance in which volatility has a negative and significant impact on trade.
Evaluation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis, N. gonorrhoeae Multiantigen Sequence Typing, and Full-Length porB Gene Sequence Analysis for Molecular Epidemiological Typing

ABSTRACT The performance characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis were evaluated, by comparison with N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing and full-length porB sequence typing. Assessment of the relatedness of intra- and interpatient isolates showed that all three genotyping techniques display a high resolution and typeability.