Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERACTION OF RESOURCES, NETWORKS AND TECHNOLOGY TO CREATE SOCIAL VALUE

Technologies, networks and resources are business model elements that act as core structures underpinning activities and yield economic outcome. South African context was used to explore how these elements create and retain social value for diverse groups of people and to determine how this influence the development of new products and services. A cross-sectional qualitative design method was used; cases were selected from registered network of social entrepreneurs as members of the African Social Entrepreneur Network. The data was analysed using NVIVO 10 where effects were identified and emerging patterns and themes were categorise to determine relationships. Key findings highlighted the use of partnerships for networking to complement each other’s resources, while technologies are considered a major resource. The findings suggest that partnerships and collaboration are used as the platforms for connection and communication between businesses, and technologies. These are converted to strengthen the existing resources in a way that benefits stakeholders, the social business and its partners.
A community study of sleep-disordered breathing in middle-aged Chinese women in Hong Kong: prevalence and gender differences.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in community-based, middle-aged Chinese women, and to compare the differences between gender with a similar study in men. DESIGN A cross-sectional study conducted in Hong Kong from 1998 to 2000. SETTING Sleep questionnaires were distributed to women (30 to 60 years old) in three offices and two community centers. All were invited to undergo full polysomnography in a sleep laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Questionnaires were distributed to 1,532 women, and 854 questionnaires were returned. Polysomnography was conducted in 106 respondents. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Conservative estimated prevalence of SDB (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > = 5) and OSAS (AHI > or = 5 plus excessive daytime sleepiness [EDS]) were 3.7% and 2.1%, respectively. Age-specific prevalence of OSAS was 0.5%, 2.2%, and 6.1% in the 30- to 39-year-old, 40- to 49-year-old, and 50- to 60-year-old age groups, respectively. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis identified body mass index (BMI) and age as predictors of SDB. Compared to Chinese men, the prevalence of SDB and OSAS in women was lower, but the gender difference decreased with age. The AHI of affected women was also significantly lower despite comparable BMI. Compared to men, women with SDB had same degree of self-reported snoring and a similar degree of EDS despite the lower AHI. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated an estimated prevalence of OSAS at 2.1% among middle-aged Chinese women in Hong Kong, with a 12-fold rise from the fourth to the sixth decade of life. BMI and age were significant independent predictors of SDB. Compared to men, women with SDB had lower AHIs, despite similar BMIs.
Variation in the clinical courses of adult T‐cell leukemia

Twenty‐nine cases of adult T‐cell leukemia were classified into four types according to the clinical features and course: smoldering, chronic, crisis, and acute. Only 2 of 14 patients with the acute type responded to therapy. The four types showed apparent differences in clinical features, complications, and prognosis, suggesting the need for different therapeutic regimens. For smoldering and chronic cases, no chemotherapy is recommended. However, in crisis and acute cases, aggressive chemotherapy is necessary, although the acute type cases showed extremely poor prognosis despite the most aggressive chemotherapy.
Hepatitis C and G viruses in B‐cell lymphomas of the skin

Background: The etiology of B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) of the skin has still to be elucidated. So far, Borrelia sp. has been identified as the causative agent of some cases of B‐cell LPDs of the skin. Apart from bacterial pathogens, recent studies suggested that also flaviviruses, in particular hepatitis C (HCV) and G (HGV) viruses, may be involved in the pathogenesis of B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). Most studies were performed in patients with known HCV infection, but the overall frequency of HCV‐ and HGV‐RNA in tumoral tissue of primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas (CBCLs) is unknown.
Exploring added value through the service process: a comparative multiple case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to evaluate how the service process of the market leader differs from the other actors’ processes and whether the service process explains the success of the market leader; second, to identify the success factors of the service process; and third, to test and analyse how the mystery shopping method works as a measurement tool to evaluate the service processes, including the quality of such processes. Design/methodology/approach – The case study focuses on the service processes of kitchen fitments. The paper is an explorative multiple case study. The results of the study are based on seven service processes of seven different kitchen fitment stores in Finland. The mystery shopping method has been utilised in an empirical data collection process. Findings – The study revealed the most important factors in the service process that differentiate the market leader from the other operators. The results indicated that there are three main aspects highlight.
Estimating objectness using a compound eye camera

In this paper, we introduce a new hardware platform that mimics a compound eye of an insect and propose an algorithm to detect objects using it. The compound eye camera has a wide viewing angle and simulates a number of single eyes on its hemisphere. Each single eye is an elementary unit to acquire visual inputs. Visual information from single eyes is hierarchically merged to estimate objectness. We achieve the accuracy of 77.14% on a combined dataset of PASCAL VOC 2012 and COCO-Stuff 10K databases.
Facilitating modularity and reuse: guidelines for structuring CellML 1.1 models by isolating common biophysical concepts

The CellML language was developed in response to the need for a high‐level language to represent and exchange mathematical models of biological processes. The flexible structure of CellML allows modellers to construct mathematical models of the same biological system in many different ways. However, some modelling styles do not naturally lead to clear abstractions of the biophysical concepts and produce CellML models that are hard to understand and from which it is difficult to isolate parts that may be useful for constructing other models. In this article, we advocate building CellML models which isolate common biophysical concepts and, using these, to build mathematical models of biological processes that provide a close correspondence between the CellML model and the underlying biological process. Subsequently, models of higher complexity can be constructed by reusing these modularized CellML models in part or in whole. Development of CellML models that best describe the underlying biophysical concepts thus avoids the need to code models from scratch and enhances the extensibility, reusability, consistency and interpretation of the models.
Comparison of the effective temperatures, gravities and helium abundances of DAO white dwarfs from Balmer and Lyman line studies

The use of observations of the hydrogen Balmer absorption series is a well-established method of determining the surface gravity and effective temperature ( T eff ) of white dwarfs. In situations where the Balmer lines cannot be used it is possible to use the hydrogen Lyman series instead. However, previous studies by Barstow et al. have shown that for DAs (hydrogen-rich, no helium) hotter than ∼50 000 K the Lyman lines systematically yield higher values of T eff than the Balmer lines. Analysis of optical and FUSE spectra of 16 DAO white dwarfs (hybrid hydrogen/helium) demonstrates that temperatures measured using the different data sets continue to diverge at even higher temperatures, and in three extreme cases Teff derived from the Lyman lines is in excess of 120 000 K. These discrepancies are observed to decrease at lower gravities and luminosities. Helium abundances were also determined from the strength of He ii lines in the two wavelength regimes. These agree well, even though the temperatures differ considerably, with the exception of two DAO+M dwarf binaries. For these, the change in the measured helium abundance may result from the different times at which the objects were observed in the two wavelength regimes.
Corporate Credit Rating Evaluation Based on Community Detection of Label Propagation

Current corporate credit rating methods tend to focus on rating single corporations and usually fail to assess corporate groups from different industries or geographical areas. This paper presents a method of evaluating corporate credit ratings using the community detection of label propagation (CCRELP). First, the study used a label propagation algorithm to group corporations with similar characteristics into communities based on the connections between the companies, their industries, and their geographical locations. Then, the study performed an evaluation using various indicators and weights to acquire credit ratings for companies from different communities. Experiments using real-world datasets showed that, when using various indicators to rate corporate credit, CCRELP could detect differences among the results for companies from different communities, thus indicating the possibility of developing a more reasonable evaluation system for companies with similar characteristics. The results also proved that the community-based credit rating system is an effective and feasible means of corporate credit rating.
A Generating Compact Models

input 3× 227× 227 input 3× 227× 227 input 3× 152× 152 conv[11, 96, 4, 0] conv[11, 64, 4, 0] conv[11, 96, 4, 0] conv[11, 64, 4, 0] conv[3, 64, 2, 1] pool[3, 2] pool[3, 2] pool[2, 2] conv[5, 256, 2, 2] conv[5, 256, 2, 2] conv[3, 128, 1, 1] conv[3, 128, 2, 1] pool[3, 2] pool[3, 2] pool[2, 2] conv[3, 384, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 384, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 128, 2, 1] conv[3, 384, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 384, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] pool[2, 2] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 1, 1] conv[3, 256, 2, 1] pool[3, 2] pool[3, 2] pool[2, 2] fc[4096] fc[1024] fc[2048] fc[1024] fc[2048] fc[1024] fc[4096] fc[2048] fc[2048] fc[2048] fc[2048] fc[1024] fc[1000] fc[205] fc[2622]
SiC power devices for industrial applications

The contribution will comment on the role of silicon carbide based power semiconductor devices in industrial electronics with a focus on high power densities and improved efficiency. Starting with an introduction into the basic properties of silicon carbide semiconductors it will be sketched how these features can be favorably used in order to minimize volumes of electronic components and/or reduce losses in power electronic systems. Examples of successful use in applications will be presented, but also a critical consideration of the hurdles existing for a broader implementation of such components today will be given. Specific device concepts for diodes and transistors with their pro's and cons will be discussed, but also not directly device related topics like packaging and cooling will be emphasized. After a short outlook into the future if high voltage components a short discussion about short time application scenarios for upcoming SiC power devices will be given.
The Exercise and Acceptance of Power in an Industrial Channel Dyad

ABSTRACT Purpose: Power is an adaptive process in which power exercised by one firm could be less than, equal to, or greater than that accepted by another over the course of different periods. This study incorporates previous research on power asymmetry to examine the process of power exercise and acceptance over three stages: power exploration, power balance and power idleness. Design/methodology/approach: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 4 powerful suppliers (the source firms) and their distributors (the target firms) in different industries. Findings: The exercise and acceptance of power are influenced by expected rewards and expected costs in the power exploration stage and are impacted by dependence and trust in the power idleness stage; in the stage of power balance, power exercise and acceptance will not be altered. Under power shortage, the source firm will attempt to use less power and/or to enhance the levels of power accepted by the target; under power surplus, the source firm will transform the surplus into company performance and/or personal interests. Research limitations/implications: The findings deepen our understanding of how power is exercised and accepted in a channel dyad over time, and of how firms behave in dealing with power shortage and power surplus. Practical implications: The findings also provide some guidance for practitioners, so that they may apply power more appropriately based on different power stages in marketing channels. Originality/value: This study extends our knowledge on power evolution over three stages from both a power holder and an acceptor viewpoint.
A shortened version of PASAT-3 is feasible

The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), most used neuropsychological test in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), is available as PASAT-3 and more difficult PASAT-2. We determined PASAT performance in 105 pwMS and 105 matched controls and assessed the utility of a shortened PASAT-3 version. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed, the latter involving assessment of dyads (two consecutive correct responses) and singles (correct response between two omitted responses). Based on provisional results we then calculated the sensitivity of the first 20 items of PASAT-3 in relation to the full version. Mean PASAT-2 and 3 total score, dyads and singles differed significantly (P ≤ 0.0002) in pwMS and controls, due to more omissions in pwMS, number and type of incorrect answers did not differ. Differences between pwMS and controls were highly significant for the first 50, 40, 30 and 20 responses of the PASAT-3. The sensitivity of the first 20 items of PASAT-3 was 87% (95% CI 0.70—1.00). PASAT-3 and PASAT-2 effectively discriminate pwMS from controls. Use of the first 20 items of PASAT-3 appears as a highly useful PASAT-3 version as it retains the discriminative value and sensitivity of the full version yet is quicker to administer and less demanding. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 1020—1025. http://msj.sagepub. com
Value of mycobacterium tuberculosis direct assay in early diagnosis ofextrapulmonary tuberculosis.

The objective of the present study is to evaluate in situ detection of living mycobacterium tuberculosis rRNA using Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct Assay (MTD) and its clinical significance in early diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. 86 patients having been diagnosed to have extrapulmonary tuberculosis including tuberculous peritonitis (n=22), lymphatic tuberculosis (n=21), tuberculous meningitis (n=15), HIV-associated tuberculosis (n=13), nephrotuberculosis (n=9), spinal tuberculosis (n=2), cutaneous tuberculosis (n=13), parotid tuberculosis (n=1), chest wall tuberculosis (n=1), intestinal tuberculosis (n=1) were recruited from Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from June to November in 2010, 105 extrapulmonary specimens including CSF, puncture fluid, drainage, pleural fluid, urine, secrete, ascites, lymphatic tissue and marrow were collected from those patients. The samples were examined using acid fast stain, solid culture, liquid culture and MTD in parallel. In MTD, the target segments of MTB rRNA in either cultures or clinical specimens were amplified prior to be qualitatively detected with hybridization protection assay (HPA). The sensitivity of MTD, acid fast stain, liquid culture and solid culture was 48.6%, 41.9%, 20.0% and 14.3% respectively. MTD’s sensitivity was higher than the others and its specificity was 100%. MTD rRNA detection is an effective, rapid, convenient, sensitive and reliable method in early diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB.
Stereology: the fast lane between neuroanatomy and brain function ‐ or still only a tightrope?

Precise and unbiased quantitation of the key element of nervous tissue has solved some long‐standing problems in neuroscience and the new stereological methods are now very efficient tools for experimental testing of new (and old! ) ideas and concepts. Technically, the “zipless” combination of new stereological methods with certain essential principles for observation and recognition is only beginning to be made.
Product Placement in Top-Grossing Hollywood Movies: 2001–2012

ABSTRACT The study examines the nature and characteristics of product placement in U.S. top-grossing movies from a historical approach. Several important findings and trends are identified from the results. First, product placements are found to be prolific in U.S. top-grossing movies. Second, the product categories of automobile, electronic equipment, and media and entertainment enjoy the highest exposure in movies. Third, over years, the embedded brands appear more and more bold and salient in movies. Finally, variations are found among product placements in different types of movies and product categories.
Phospholipid hydroperoxide accumulation in liver of rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride and its inhibition by dietary alpha-tocopherol.

The formation and accumulation of phospholipid hydroperoxides, especially of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH), a primary peroxidation product of phosphatidylcholine (PC), in livers of carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats was investigated. PCOOH in liver and blood plasma was measured by a chemiluminescence-high-performance liquid chromatography procedure originally developed by Miyazawa et al. (Anal. Lett. 20, 915, 1987; Free Radical Biol. Med. 7, 209, 1989). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (120 g body wt., 5 weeks of age) were used in the experiments. The amount of PCOOH in the liver of control rats (CCl4-untreated) was 160 +/- 20 pmol/100 mg protein (mean +/- SD) and the PCOOH/PC molar ratio was 1.1 +/- 0.1 X 10(-5). In CCl4 (0.1 ml/100 g body wt.)-dosed rats, the liver PCOOH was 289 +/- 65 pmol/100 mg protein (PCOOH/PC = 2.4 +/- 0.4 X 10(-5], 764 +/- 271 pmol/100 mg protein (PCOOH/PC = 5.2 +/- 1.7 X 10(-5], and 856 +/- 165 pmol/100 mg protien (PCOOH/PC = 6.0 +/- 0.8 X 10(-5] at 6 h, 24 h, and 1 week after the dose, respectively. Under such conditions, the liver phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxide (PEOOH) level was not altered and the concentration was less than 100 pmol/100 mg protein even after the dose. The increments of liver PCOOH were suppressed 56% by the oral supplementation of DL-alpha-tocopherol (5 mg/100 g body wt./day) for a week before CCl4 administration. A relatively larger amount of PEOOH was found after stimulation of PC hydroperoxidation in the liver of rats with a large amount of CCl4 (0.25 ml/100 g body wt.) rather than with the small amount of CCl4 (0.1 ml/100 g body wt.). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Quantifying Peptides in Complex Mixtures with High Sensitivity and Precision Using Targeted Approach with a Hybrid Linear Ion Trap Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer

High‐resolution, accurate‐mass (HR/AM) mass spectrometry is routinely used for identification and relative quantitation of peptides present in complex mixtures using stable‐isotope labeling, isobaric tags, or label‐free techniques. However, HR/AM application for targeted peptide analysis is less explored. Due to the complexity of biological samples, accurate mass and retention time alone are not sufficient for verifying identity of a targeted peptide. Therefore, sequence confirmation via MS/MS is essential during the early verification and validation stages of development of a targeted quantitative assay. Here, a workflow was developed for targeted protein/peptide quantitation on the LTQ Orbitrap Velos to use high resolution selected ion monitoring (SIM) for quantitation followed by targeted MS/MS for sequence confirmation. A standard peptide mixture spiked into a yeast digest mixture at different concentration as quantitative targets and LOD was as low as 10 amol. An additional yeast digest was used to further evaluate the precision and throughput and the workflow by 77 peptides (25 yeast proteins). All the peptides were successfully quantified and verified with high analytical precision in a single LC/MS run.
The curious case of miRNAs in circulation: potential diagnostic biomarkers?

The pervasive occurrence of cell‐free miRNAs in circulation suggests that these species play an emerging role as regulatory molecules in the secretory environment. Are these molecules released fortuitously with no clear biological intent? Or do they constitute a regulatory architecture that has evolved to modulate gene expression using the highways and byways of the circulatory system? The study of circulating miRNAs continues to increase our understanding of the regulation of genomes. The diversity of acellular miRNAs from a functional perspective is discussed, and in particular we explore their utility in a clinical setting as blood‐based biomarkers for diseases. WIREs RNA 2013, 4:129–138. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1149
Intentional attention switching in dichotic listening: Exploring the efficiency of nonspatial and spatial selection

Using an auditory variant of task switching, we examined the ability to intentionally switch attention in a dichotic-listening task. In our study, participants responded selectively to one of two simultaneously presented auditory number words (spoken by a female and a male, one for each ear) by categorizing its numerical magnitude. The mapping of gender (female vs. male) and ear (left vs. right) was unpredictable. The to-be-attended feature for gender or ear, respectively, was indicated by a visual selection cue prior to auditory stimulus onset. In Experiment 1, explicitly cued switches of the relevant feature dimension (e.g., from gender to ear) and switches of the relevant feature within a dimension (e.g., from male to female) occurred in an unpredictable manner. We found large performance costs when the relevant feature switched, but switches of the relevant feature dimension incurred only small additional costs. The feature-switch costs were larger in ear-relevant than in gender-relevant trials. In Experiment 2, we replicated these findings using a simplified design (i.e., only within-dimension switches with blocked dimensions). In Experiment 3, we examined preparation effects by manipulating the cueing interval and found a preparation benefit only when ear was cued. Together, our data suggest that the large part of attentional switch costs arises from reconfiguration at the level of relevant auditory features (e.g., left vs. right) rather than feature dimensions (ear vs. gender). Additionally, our findings suggest that ear-based target selection benefits more from preparation time (i.e., time to direct attention to one ear) than gender-based target selection.
An integration method for the specification of rule-oriented mediators

Mediator specification and terminology development are two labor-intensive tasks that are serious obstacles to the widespread use of mediator-based systems. In this paper, we propose a three-step approach to acquire mediator specifications and to gradually build a domain terminology at the same time. The approach also allows the support of software assistants, which help a user to acquire and verify the semantics of information sources. We have implemented a first prototype. The integration approach (without the assistants) is currently being evaluated by some users. Furthermore, we have started the development of a second prototype which will include the couple of assistants mentioned in this article.