Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anatomical and histomorphometric observations on the transfer of the anterior interosseous nerve to the deep branch of the ulnar nerve

This study focuses on the anatomical and histomorphometric features of the transfer of the anterior interosseous nerve to the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve. The transfer was carried out in 15 cadaver specimens and is described using relevant anatomical landmarks. Nerve samples of donor and target nerves were histomorphometrically analysed and compared. The superficial and the deep ulnar branches had to be separated from each other for a length of 67 mm (SD 12; range 50–85) to reach the site of coaptation. We identified a suitable site for coaptation lying proximal to the pronator quadratus muscle, 202 mm (SD 15; range 185–230) distal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. The features of the anterior interosseous nerve included a smaller nerve diameter, smaller cross-sectional area of fascicles, fewer fascicles and axons, but a similar axon density. The histomorphometric inferiority of the anterior interosseous nerve raises a question about whether it should be transferred only to selected parts of the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve. Level III
MIMO radar antenna array synthesis with a hybrid approach based on GA and PSO

This study proposes a hybrid approach to synthesise the MIMO radar antenna arrays with low peak side lobe levels (PSLLs). In this approach, the positive features of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO) have been integrated to find the optimal array arrangements. Also, in order to avoid prematurity in GA process, an improved adaptive operator is adopted for the adaptive adjustment of crossover probability and mutation probability. The simulation validation, carried out on the synthesised pattern of MIMO radar, shows that, the optimal PSLLs and convergence performance have been achieved by the hybrid approach compared to GA and PSO, respectively.
Effect of a Web-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia Intervention With 1-Year Follow-up: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance Although cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has been established as the first-line recommendation for the millions of adults with chronic insomnia, there is a paucity of trained clinicians to deliver this much needed treatment. Internet-delivered CBT-I has shown promise as a method to overcome this obstacle; however, the long-term effectiveness has not been proven in a representative sample with chronic insomnia. Objective To evaluate a web-based, automated CBT-I intervention to improve insomnia in the short term (9 weeks) and long term (1 year). Design, Setting, and Participants A randomized clinical trial comparing the internet CBT-I with internet patient education at baseline, 9 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year. Altogether, 303 adults with chronic insomnia self-referred to participate, of whom 151 (49.8%) reported at least 1 medical or psychiatric comorbidity. Interventions The internet CBT-I (Sleep Healthy Using the Internet [SHUTi]) was a 6-week fully automated, interactive, and tailored web-based program that incorporated the primary tenets of face-to-face CBT-I. The online patient education program provided nontailored and fixed online information about insomnia. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary sleep outcomes were self-reported online ratings of insomnia severity (Insomnia Severity Index) and online sleep diary–derived values for sleep-onset latency and wake after sleep onset, collected prospectively for 10 days at each assessment period. The secondary sleep outcomes included sleep efficiency, number of awakenings, sleep quality, and total sleep time. Results Among 303 participants, the mean (SD) age was 43.28 (11.59) years, and 71.9% (218 of 303) were female. Of these, 151 were randomized to the SHUTi group and 152 to the online patient education group. Results of the 3 primary sleep outcomes showed that the overall group × time interaction was significant for all variables, favoring the SHUTi group (Insomnia Severity Index [F3,1063 = 20.65, P < .001], sleep-onset latency [F3,1042 = 6.01, P < .001], and wake after sleep onset [F3,1042 = 12.68, P < .001]). Within-group effect sizes demonstrated improvements from baseline to postassessment for the SHUTi participants (range, Cohen d = 0.79 [95% CI, 0.55-1.04] to d = 1.90 [95% CI, 1.62-2.18]). Treatment effects were maintained at the 1-year follow-up (SHUTi Insomnia Severity Index d = 2.32 [95% CI, 2.01-2.63], sleep-onset latency d = 1.41 [95% CI, 1.15-1.68], and wake after sleep onset d = 0.95 [95% CI, 0.70-1.21]), with 56.6% (69 of 122) achieving remission status and 69.7% (85 of 122) deemed treatment responders at 1 year based on Insomnia Severity Index data. All secondary sleep outcomes, except total sleep time, also showed significant overall group × time interactions, favoring the SHUTi group. Conclusions and Relevance Given its efficacy and availability, internet-delivered CBT-I may have a key role in the dissemination of effective behavioral treatments for insomnia. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01438697
The Role of Hydroponics Technique as a Standard Methodology in Various Aspects of Plant Biology Researches

It is simple-mindedness if you think that soilless culture included modern practical knowledge in the world, so that the evidence indicate that from many centuries ago, scientists tried to grow plant in containers aboveground. Whatever it is considerable, the hydroponics system took place in various places and ages in historical context. The paintings in the temple of Deir el Bahari show that in 4000 year ago the Egyptians attempted to transfer and grow trees in big pots in media culture (Raviv & Lieth, 2007). The written proofs have shown that John Woodward carried out the early hydroponic systems upon plant nutrition researches in 1699, when he attempted to realize whether plants got their nutrients from soil or water. Water culture used as a method, so that the soil gradually added to water and at the same time, the plant growth and development monitored. The results showed that soil and water provide nutrients for plant growth and development (Jones, 1982). In the nineteenth century, French and German scientists attempted to investigate in terms of plant nutritional requirements and then it has developed by American and English scientists during the first half of the twentieth century (Cooper, 1975; Graves, 1983). Nine elements determined as essential elements for plant growth and developments, and then from 1859 to 1965, Julius von Sachs and Wilhelm Knop suggested a standard technique of research called solution culture, which nowadays has been applied widespread (Douglas, 1984; Jones, 1982). Except ancient reports of hydroponic activities related to 4000 years ago, the rest of hydroponics activities up to1929 only covered plant biology researches. After 1929 commercial aspects of crop production via nutrition solution began by William Frederick Gericke from the University of California at Berkeley, and the other hydroponic systems developed subsequently (Hoagland and Arnon, 1950; Hershey 2008).
Comparing learning outcomes of video-based e-learning with face-to-face lectures of agricultural engineering courses in Korean agricultural high schools

This study investigated the effectiveness of e-learning by comparing the learning outcomes in conventional face-to-face lectures and e-learning methods. Two video-based e-learning contents were developed based on the rapid prototyping model and loaded onto the learning management system (LMS), which was available at http://www.greenehrd. com. Eighty-five Korean agricultural high school students were randomly assigned into the two groups: face-to-face lecture (control group), and video-based e-learning (experimental group). The students of the experimental group logged onto the LMS in the school computer lab and completed each e-learning module. All students were required to take a pretest and posttest before and after learning under the direction of the subject teachers. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine any difference between the two groups in terms of learning outcomes. One-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was also administered to verify whether there was any difference between the two groups after controlling for the covariate variable: pretest score. According to the results, e-learning resulted in better learning outcomes than face-to-face lecturing. These findings suggest that the use of well designed and appropriately applied e-learning could be worthy even in agricultural education, which stresses hands-on experience and lab activities. Further research should focus on a different e-learning content type in different agricultural subject fields and its relationship with learning outcome.
Real-time motion artifact detection and removal for ambulatory BCI

Although human cognition often occurs while moving, most studies of the dynamics of the human brain examine subjects while static and seated in a highly controlled laboratory. EEG signals have been considered to be too noisy to record brain dynamics during human locomotion. Here, we present a real-time ambulatory brain computer interface which allows us to detect gait phases and remove motion-related artifacts from EEG signals during walking in real-world environments. We first construct stride-based artifact templates employing a gyroscope to measure the angular velocity of the human body. Then, we apply an adaptive Kalman filter to estimate the mapping between the stride-based artifact template and EEG space, subtracting the motion-related noise from the raw EEG signal. This study demonstrates the robustness of our system to remove gait-related movement artifacts during human locomotion. Experiments in real-world environments show the potential practicality of reallife applications of low-cost wearable and wireless BCI systems for users actively working in and interacting with their environments.
Comparison of two voltage control strategies for a wind power plant

Larger percentages of wind power penetration translate to more demanding requirements from grid codes. Recently, voltage support at the point of connection has been introduced by several grid codes from around the world, thus, making it important to analyze this control when applied to wind power plants. This paper addresses the analysis of two different voltage control strategies for a wind power plant, i.e. decentralized and centralized voltage control schemes. The analysis has been performed using the equivalent and simplified transfer functions of the system. Using this representation, it is possible to investigate the influence of the plant control gain, short circuit ratio, and time delays on the system stability, as well as the fulfillment of the design requirements. The implemented plant voltage control is based on a slope voltage controller, which calculates the references to be sent to the wind turbines, according to the slope gain and the difference between the reference and measured voltage at the point of connection. The results show that for a system where the time delay between the central control and the actuators is not negligible, the performance of a decentralized voltage control is better than the centralized one in terms of time reaction, disturbance rejection, and short-circuit ratio (SCR) dependency. However, for a system with reduced time delay (10 ms) the centralized scheme can have a performance similar to the decentralized one, in the SCR range of interest.
An analysis of genetic algorithm with training of image filter kernel matrix

In the presented study, training of kernel matrix which is used for convolution or correlation image filtering operations using genetic algorithms was analyzed. For this purpose, filtering performance was analyzed according to the size of kernel matrix and the size of the image. In the experimental studies, various sizes of images and various example images for each size were used. Noisy images were formed by adding Gaussian noise. Computations were obtained for fixed number of population and iterations to see the effect of parameters. According to obtained results, the effect of image size variation is at small levels when the same filtering kernel is used. Performance degradation was observed as the size of the kernel matrix is increased. This degradation which is due to the increase in the number of variables of genetic algorithm is improved by increasing the number of iteration.
Redes de Cooperação entre Pesquisadores no Congresso USP de Controladoria e Contabilidade: Uma Análise Retrospectiva do Período 2001-2009

O estudo objetivou analisar a forma de organizacao e cooperacao entre os atores envolvidos no Congresso USP de Controladoria e Contabilidade para o desenvolvimento da producao cientifica no periodo 2001-2009. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa que, a partir de conceitos de redes sociais de colaboracao, mapeou a estrutura de relacoes configurada entre os 1.120 autores envolvidos nos 882 artigos cientificos veiculados em 9 edicoes do Congresso. Os dados foram coletados dos anais do evento e tratados trienalmente (2001-2003; 2004-2006; 2007-2009) com auxilio do software Ucinet 6.0. Os achados evidenciaram que os atores se conectaram, predominantemente, por meio de lacos fortes e se organizaram de forma fragmentada, constituindo uma rede de cooperacao caracterizada pela presenca de lacunas estruturais. Poucos autores responderam por parcela significativa da producao cientifica e houve baixa persistencia de pesquisadores ao longo do periodo analisado. As maiores sub-redes de cada um dos trienios analisados reuniram os atores mais relevantes em termos de numero de artigos selecionados e centralidades de grau e de intermediacao. Quanto as limitacoes do estudo, salienta-se a parcialidade do mapeamento da perspectiva colaborativa, restrita a coautoria. Os achados da pesquisa sugerem a importância da formacao de redes, uma vez que assumem forma de acesso a uma variedade de recursos. No que diz respeito aos estudos futuros, sugere-se a verificacao da parcela de artigos apresentada no evento que foi veiculada em periodicos cientificos, indicando assim, contribuicao do Congresso estudado no desenvolvimento de publicacao permanente.
Optimal placement of wireless nodes in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks with shadow zones

Shadow zones in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) dramatically impact communication system performance. In this paper an adaptive topology reorganization scheme has been proposed that is able to maintain connectivity in multi-hop three-dimensional UWSNs affected by shadow zones. The optimal placement for the sensor nodes to minimize the transmission loss and to maintain the network connectivity has been found using our proposed mathematical model. The theoretical analysis and the numerical evaluations reveal that our proposed scheme reduces the transmission loss under all propagation phenomena for all water depths in UWSNs and improves communication quality.
Plastic Vortex Creep in YBa2Cu3O7-x Crystals.

Local magnetic relaxation measurements in YBa2Cu3O72x crystals show evidence for plastic vortex creep associated with the motion of dislocations in the vortex lattice. This creep mechanism governs the vortex dynamics in a wide range of temperatures and fields below the melting line and above the field corresponding to the peak in the “fishtail” magnetization. In this range the activation energy Upl, which decreases with field, drops below the elastic (collective) creep activation energy, Uel, which increases with field. A crossover in flux dynamics from elastic to plastic creep is shown to be the origin of the fishtail in YBa 2Cu3O72x. [S0031-9007(96)00878-2]
A SWARM-BASED ARTIFICIAL IMMUNE SYSTEM FOR SOLVING MULTIMODAL FUNCTIONS

Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) have attracted enormous attention among researchers because the algorithms are able to improve global searching ability and efficiency. Nevertheless, the rate of convergence for AIS is relatively slow compared to other metaheuristic algorithms. On the other hand, genetic algorithms (GAs) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) have been used successfully in solving optimization problems, although they tend to converge prematurely. Therefore, the good attributes of AIS and PSO are merged in order to reduce this limitation. It is observed that the proposed hybrid AIS (HAIS) achieved better performances in terms of convergence rate, accuracy, and stability against GA and AIS by comparing the optimization results of the mathematical functions. A similar result was achieved by HAIS in the engineering problem when compared to GA, PSO, and AIS.
Characterization of the SOS Regulon of Caulobacter crescentus

ABSTRACT The SOS regulon is a paradigm of bacterial responses to DNA damage. A wide variety of bacterial species possess homologs of lexA and recA, the central players in the regulation of the SOS circuit. Nevertheless, the genes actually regulated by the SOS have been determined only experimentally in a few bacterial species. In this work, we describe 37 genes regulated in a LexA-dependent manner in the alphaproteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus. In agreement with previous results, we have found that the direct repeat GTTCN7GTTC is the SOS operator of C. crescentus, which was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis studies of the imuA promoter. Several potential promoter regions containing the SOS operator were identified in the genome, and the expression of the corresponding genes was analyzed for both the wild type and the lexA strain, demonstrating that the vast majority of these genes are indeed SOS regulated. Interestingly, many of these genes encode proteins with unknown functions, revealing the potential of this approach for the discovery of novel genes involved in cellular responses to DNA damage in prokaryotes, and illustrating the diversity of SOS-regulated genes among different bacterial species.
NQO 1-Mediated Tumor-Selective Lethality and Radiosensitization for Head and Neck Cancer

Ionizing radiation (IR) is a key therapeutic regimen for many headandneck cancers (HNC). However, the5-yearoverall survival rate for locally advanced HNCs is approximately 50% and better therapeutic efficacy is needed. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is overexpressed in many cancers, and b-lapachone (b-lap), a uniqueNQO1bioactivatable drug, exploits this enzyme to release massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that synergize with IR to kill by programmed necrosis. b-Lap represents a novel therapeutic opportunity in HNC leading to tumor-selective lethality that will enhance the efficacy of IR. Immunohistochemical staining andWesternblot assayswere used to assess the expression levels of NQO1 in HNC cells and tumors. Forty-five percent of endogenous HNCs expressed elevated NQO1 levels. In addition, multiple HNC cell lines and tumors demonstrated elevated levels of NQO1 expression and activity and were tested for anticancer lethality and radiosensitization by b-lap using long-term survival assays. The combination of nontoxic b-lap doses and IR significantly enhanced NQO1-dependent tumor cell lethality, increased ROS, TUNEL-positive cells, DNA damage, NADþ, and ATP consumption, and resulted in significant antitumor efficacy and prolonged survival in two xenograft murine HNC models, demonstrating b-lap radiosensitization of HNCs through a NQO1dependent mechanism. This translational study offers a potential biomarker-driven strategy using NQO1 expression to select tumors susceptible to b-lap–induced radiosensitization.MolCancer Ther; 15(7); 1757–67. 2016 AACR.
A randomized controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation in African American women.

BACKGROUND We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to test the hypothesis that vitamin D(3) supplementation would prevent bone loss in calcium-replete, African American postmenopausal women. METHODS Two hundred eight healthy black postmenopausal women, 50 to 75 years of age, were assigned to receive either placebo or 20 microg/d (800 IU) of vitamin D(3). Calcium supplements were provided to ensure a total calcium intake of 1200 to 1500 mg/d. After 2 years, the vitamin D(3) dose was increased to 50 microg/d (2000 IU) in the active group, and the study continued for an additional year. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured every 6 months. Markers of bone turnover, vitamin D metabolites, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured in serum. RESULTS There were no significant differences in BMD between the active and control groups throughout the study. There was also no relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels attained and rates of bone loss. There was an increase in BMD of the total body, hip, and radius at 1 year in both groups. Over the 3 years, BMD declined at these sites by 0.26% to 0.55% per year. The BMD of the lumbar spine increased slightly in the placebo and active groups. There were no persistent changes in serum PTH levels or the markers of bone turnover, although there was a transient decline in PTH in both groups at 3 months. No significant adverse events were attributed to vitamin D supplementation. CONCLUSIONS There was no observed effect of vitamin D(3) supplementation on bone loss or bone turnover markers in calcium-replete, postmenopausal African American women. Further studies are needed to determine if these findings are applicable to women of other ethnic groups.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF THE FLOWER ESSENTIAL OIL OF LAVANDULA OFFICINALIS CHAIX. FROM ISFAHAN (IRAN)

Chemical constituents of the essential oil of flowers of Lavandula officinalis Chaix. growing in Isfahan, Iran, were studied by TLC and gas chromatography-mass specrtometery (GC-MS) methods. Twelve components which constitute 94.8% of the examined oil were identified. The main constituents were linalool (34.1%), 1,8cineole (18.5%), borneol (14.5%), camphor (10.2%), terpinen-4-ol (4.5%), linalyl acetate (3.7%), α-bisabolol (3%), α-terpineol (2.2%) and (Z)-β-farnesene (2.2%).
High throughput architecture for the Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm

A high throughput architecture is proposed for an efficient implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Algorithm. The presented architecture is adapted for AES encryptor-only as well as integrated AES encryptor/decryptor designs. The SubBytes/InvSubBytes operations are implemented using composite field arithmetic in order to exploit the sub-pipelining advantage within the loop-unrolling methodology. The proposed architecture minimizes the critical path delay through the modification of the SubBytes/InvSubBytes as well as the KeyExpansion modules. Compared to previously reported AES encryptors and integrated AES encryptors/decryptors designs, the proposed architecture provides an efficiency improvement of 61% and 29% respectively.