Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Planification visuelle et interactive d'interventions dans des environnements d'accélérateur de particules émettant des rayonnements ionisants

Les radiations sont omnipresentes. Elles ont de nombreuses applications dans des domaines varies: en medecine, elles permettent de realiser des diagnostiques et de guerir des patients; en communication, tous les systemes modernes utilisent des formes de rayonnements electromagnetiques; et en science, les chercheurs les utilisent pour decouvrir la composition et la structure des materiaux, pour n'en nommer que quelques-unes. Concretement, la radiation est un processus au cours duquel des particules ou des ondes voyagent a travers differents types de materiaux. La radiation peut etre tres energetique, et aller jusqu'a casser les atomes de la matiere ordinaire. Dans ce cas, on parlera de radiation ionisante. Il est communement admis que la radiation ionisante peut etre bien plus nocif pour les etres vivants que la radiation non ionisante. Dans cette dissertation, nous traiterons de la radiation ionisante. La radioactivite est le processus d'emission des radiations ionisantes. Elle existe sous forme naturelle, et est presente dans les sols, dans l'air et notre planete entiere est bombardee en permanence de rayonnements cosmiques energetiques. Depuis le debut du XXe siecle, les chercheurs sont capables de creer artificiellement de la matiere radioactive. Cette decouverte a offert de multiples avancees technologiques, mais a eu egalement de lourdes consequences pour l'humanite comme l'ont demontres les evenements de Tchernobyl et de Fukushima ou d'autres accidents dans le monde medical. Cette dangerosite a conduit a l'elaboration d'un systeme de radioprotection. Dans la pratique, la radioprotection est principalement mise en œuvre en utilisant la methode ALARA. Cette methodologie consiste a justifier, optimiser et limiter les doses recues. Elle est utilisee conjointement avec les limites legales. Le facteur d'optimisation est contraint par le fait que l'exposition volontaire d'un travailleur aux radiations lors d'une operation doit etre plus benefique que si aucune intervention humaine n'etait conduite dans une situation donnee. Dans le monde industriel et scientifique, il existe des infrastructures qui emettent des rayonnements ionisants. La plupart d'entre elles necessitent des operations de maintenance. Dans l'esprit du principe ALARA, ces interventions doivent etre optimisees pour reduire l'exposition des travailleurs aux rayonnements ionisants. Cette optimisation ne peut pas etre realisee de maniere automatique car la faisabilite des interventions necessite dans tous les cas une evaluation humaine. La planification des interventions peut cependant etre facilitee par des moyens techniques et scientifiques comme par exemple un outil informatique. Dans le contexte decrit ci-dessus, cette these regroupe des considerations techniques et scientifiques, et presente la methodologie utilisee pour developper des outils logiciels pour la mise en œuvre de la radioprotection.
Using Nature-based Soundscapes to Support Task Performance and Mood

Smartphone apps that enable workers to listen to nature soundscapes are increasingly popular. There is, however, little evidence that these soundscapes have the effects that they claim to have. Previous research exploring the effect of listening to background music during tasks has shown that while such music may have a positive effect on emotional state, it can disrupt reading and memory-based tasks. This paper explores the effects of nature soundscapes on mood and performance. A diary study of the use of soundscapes whilst studying suggests that students view such soundscapes as: aiding focus whilst studying; creating feelings of calm and peace; helping to manage stress and anxiety; and hiding distracting sounds. A second study -- an experiment -- investigated the effects of nature soundscapes on mood and performance. Whilst we found no effect of soundscapes on mood and arousal during the task, our results demonstrate that high acoustic variation in a soundscape may cause a disruption to serial recall tasks. The implications of our findings suggest that nature soundscapes with high acoustic variation may be detrimental to task performance compared to working in silence for serial based thinking tasks.
Optimization of AlAs/AlGaAs quantum well heterostructures on on-axis and misoriented GaAs (111)B

We report systematic growth optimization of high Al-content AlGaAs, AlAs, and associated modulation-doped quantum well (QW) heterostructures on on-axis and misoriented GaAs (111)B by molecular beam epitaxy. Growth temperatures TG > 690 °C and low As4 fluxes close to group III-rich growth significantly suppress twin defects in high-Al content AlGaAs on on-axis GaAs (111)B, as quantified by atomic force and transmission electron microscopy as well as x-ray diffraction. Mirror-smooth and defect-free AlAs with pronounced step-flow morphology was further achieved by growth on 2° misoriented GaAs (111)B toward [01¯1] and [21¯1¯] orientations. Successful fabrication of modulation-doped AlAs QW structures on these misoriented substrates yielded record electron mobilities (at 1.15 K) in excess of 13 000 cm2/Vs at sheet carrier densities of 5 × 1011 cm−2.
Which Factors Predict Consumer Willingness to Ride in Driverless Vehicles?

Driverless vehicles are already in development and predicted to enter the market in a matter of years. Previous research centered on driverless vehicles has aimed to gauge whether or not consumers are willing to ride in different types of driverless vehicles. However, the current research investigated different variables that may influence consumer willingness to ride in a driverless vehicle. Variables investigated included demographic variables, emotions, and other information collected by researchers based on a theoretical framework. Participants responded to a willingness to ride scale, as well as different questionnaires and demographic surveys. Out of thirteen possible predictor variables, three were significant: happiness, fear, and value. In a regression model, these three variables accounted for 77% of the variance in the data. These findings contribute to the knowledge of consumer perceptions, as well as inform the current market. Implications for future research, as well as limitations, are also discussed.
Self-Estimation of Neighborhood Distribution for Mobile Wireless Nodes

In this paper, we propose a method to estimate the node distribution for pedestrians with information ter- minals. The method enables us to provide situation-aware services such as intellectual navigation that tells the user the best route to go around congested regions. In the proposed method, each node is supposed to know its location roughly (i.e., within some error range) and to maintain a density map covering its surroundings. This map is updated when a node receives a density map from a neighboring node. Each node also updates the density map in a timely fashion by estimating the change of the density due to node mobility. Node distribution is obtained from the density map by choosing cells with the highest density in a greedy fashion. The simulation experiments have been conducted and the results have shown that the proposed method could keep average position errors less than 10m.
Determinants of Tax Compliance in Ghana:

The study examined the factors that influence tax compliance by small and medium tax payers, the difference in the level of compliance between small and medium tax payers and strategies to improve tax compliance in Ghana. The study through stratified sampling technique sampled 100 small and medium tax payers in Accra and other GRA officials for the study. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study showed that compliance cost, tax rates, tax audits and morals of taxpayers significantly influenced tax compliance. The GRA also indicated that unions and associations of businesses could help increase voluntary tax compliance of small and medium tax payers in Ghana. The study findings provide evidence that there is a significance difference in the tax compliance level between small and medium scale enterprises. The difference can be largely attributed to the inability of small enterprises to file their tax returns on due dates and also to keep proper books of records of their business transactions. The study recommends organizing workshops for businesses to train them on the need to pay their taxes and keep proper records of their transactions, increasing the rate of audits of businesses, imposing fines and penalties for defaulting businesses.
Identifying Opportunities and Barriers for Creating Environmental Health Education Standards of Practice Among Prenatal Healthcare Professionals

Objectives: This study examines the current prenatal environmental health education (EHE) knowledge, attitudes, and practices of prenatal healthcare professionals (PHPs) to identify barriers and determine opportunities to improve environmental health education within the prenatal clinical care context. Methods: A qualitative approach was employed, involving in-depth, semi-structured interviews with prenatal educators, nurses, midwives, doulas, family doctors, and obstetricians (n=21) in Ottawa, Canada. The data were coded and analyzed using a thematic
Internal Crisis Communication and Implications for Employees’ Health: A Study of Mobile Telephone Network (MTN) Nigeria $1.6 Billion Fine and Etisalat $1.2 Billion

Communication is the foundation of all other strategies used by companies to respond to a crisis situation. Majority of organizations pay less attention to internal crisis communication when in a crisis situation. This in turn can have negative health implications on the employees. This study surveyed how internal crisis communication takes place within an organization, its overall effects on employees, and its effect on employees’ health. The theoretical frameworks employed were Situational Crisis Communication Theory, Social Identity Theory, and Professional Identity Theory. The research survey had 90 respondents from both Etisalat and MTN. The results revealed that internal crisis communication is significant to crisis communication, as it affects employees in several aspects of their lives; such as, job security. However, contrary to previous research, the data presented does not show that internal crisis communication have negative impact on employees’ health.
APiecewise SmoothControl-LyapunovFunctionFramework for SwitchingStabilization

This paper studies switching stabilization problems for general switched nonlinear systems. A piecewise smooth controlLyapunov function (PSCLF) approach is proposed and a constructive way to design a stabilizing switching law is developed. The switching law is constructed via the directional derivatives of the PSCLF with a careful discussion on various technical issues that may occur on the nonsmooth surfaces. Sufficient conditions are derived to ensure stability of the closed-loop Filippov solutions including possible sliding motions. The proposed PSCLF approach contains many existing results as special cases and provides a unified framework to study nonlinear switching stabilization problems with a systematic consideration of sliding motions. Applications of the framework to switched linear systems with quadratic and piecewise quadratic controlLyapunov functions are discussed and results stronger than the existing methods in the literature are obtained. Application to stabilization of switched nonlinear systems is illustrated through an numerical example.
Personnalisation géométrique et mécanique multi-échelles du thorax humain

La recherche en biomecanique des chocs est une necessite pour ameliorer la securite dans les transports. Pour une meilleure evaluation des criteres lesionnels lors des simulations de crash, le manque de representativite des modeles EF du thorax humain pourrait etre comble par une demarche de personnalisation aussi bien au niveau geometrique que mecanique. Cette these se base sur l’etude de 18 sujets humains post-mortem. A partir des donnees d’imagerie, les differentes dimensions des cotes sont analysees. La correlation de ces parametres aboutit a la prediction de 192 dimensions a partir d’un unique parametre d’entree. A une echelle inferieure, un protocole innovant a permis de coupler des informations microstructurales issues d’un μCT avec la forme exterieure des cotes. 2 hemi-thorax ont ete micro-scannes afin de generer une cartographie complete des epaisseurs d’os cortical. Une strategie a ete mise en place pour proposer un algorithme predisant l’integralite de cette geometrie locale d’apres un seul troncon de cote. La pertinence de cette personnalisation a ete evaluee par une etude de sensibilite sur des modeles EF. Les resultats d’essais de traction sur os cortical montrent un comportement different entre les eprouvettes prelevees sur la table interne ou externe des cotes. Une caracterisation precise de la structure interne de l’os cortical, couple a des essais de micro-traction in-situ, a pu apporter des elements de reponse sur cette difference. Unalgorithme de personnalisation a ete aussi propose pour les proprietes mecaniques, completant ainsi la demarche d’adapter les modeles EF du thorax a chaque individu afin d’ameliorer leur biofidelite.
Answering under Existential Rules

Previous work has proposed consistent query answering as a way to resolve inconsistencies in ontologies. In these approaches to consistent query answering, however, only inconsistencies due to errors in the underlying database are considered. In this paper, we additionally assume that ontological axioms may be erroneous, and that some database atoms and ontological axioms may not be removed to resolve inconsistencies. This problem is especially well-suited in debugging mappings between distributed ontologies. We define two different semantics, one where ontological axioms as a whole are ignored to resolve an inconsistency, and one where only some of their instances are ignored. We then give a precise picture of the complexity of consistent query answering under these two semantics when ontological axioms are encoded as different classes of existential rules. In the course of this, we also close two open complexity problems in standard consistent query answering under existential rules.
The nature and constitution of informal carers' information needs: what you don't know you need is as important as what you want to know

Background. We explore the nature and aspects of the information needs of informal carers. A comprehensive understanding of these needs is important because it is the first step to meeting these needs effectively. Aim. We report on an empirical validation of a framework for understanding the information needs of carers, composed of four need states: recogniseddemanded, recognised-undemanded, unrecognised-demanded, and unrecognised-undemanded. Methods. A qualitative study employed semi-structured interviews with nine informal carers of diabetic children. The study also helped to develop items for the subsequent questionnaire that was used to measure the information needs state with 198 informal carers (over 18 years old). Results. The existence of four states of information needs was confirmed empirically. The occurrence and frequency of the four states may vary. Conclusions. The framework provides a basis for investigating, understanding and classifying the information needs of informal carers and information needs in general. It also assists in designing and providing information that may meet the needs of informal carers more effectively. The nature and constitution of informal carers' information needs: wha. http://www.informationr. net/ir/18-1/paper563.html 1 of 25 20/11/2014 01:06 م
1 xCT inhibition depletes CD 44 v-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to EGFR-targeted therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kinki University, 4-1 Kowakae 3-chome, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan. Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University Hospital, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan. Japan Science and Technology Agency, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), K's Gobancho, 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan.
Vapour is the principal source of water imbibed by seeds in unsaturated soils

Abstract The assumption that seeds imbibe most of the water required for germination as liquid through seed-to-soil contact has been a dominant theme in germination research and seeding technology. Under most conditions, seeds are also exposed to water vapour during imbibition, but the relative contributions of liquid and vapour are difficult to assess. In water uptake models that include vapour, procedures used to estimate potential vapour imbibition have underappreciated the effect of distance on diffusion rate. At the same time, the amount of seed-to-soil contact and the liquid bridge from soil water to the seed tend to be greatly overestimated, considering the soil water contents often found in the field. Most researchers have recorded an approximately equal time to germination at soil water contents ranging from field capacity to nearly permanent wilting point, and little response to bulk density, soil type or seed–soil contact. While hydraulic conductivity decreases by several orders of magnitude as soil water content, bulk density and seed-contact decrease, relative humidity remains near 100%. There are several experiments demonstrating timely germination in water vapour alone. The combined evidence contradicts the assumption that seed–soil contact is important for imbibition of water by seeds. Water vapour should be considered the primary source of water for seeds in unsaturated soils.
De la conception collaborative à l'ingénierie peformante de produits optimisés à base de connaissances métier

Dans un processus traditionnel de conception de produits mecaniques, l’organisation classique est la conception du produit puis son dimensionnement et enfin son optimisation. Les concepteurs prennent des risques en n’evaluant les performances du produit que dans les dernieres phases du processus, et l’etape d’optimisation est bien souvent mise de cote, faute de temps ou a cause du retard pris sur les autres phases. La phase de conception preliminaire est une etape delicate car les decisions doivent y etre prises dans un contexte imprecis ou peu de choses sont definies. Il n’existe pas d’outils informatiques adaptes et l’etude de plusieurs concepts multiplie les tâches routinieres et les pertes de temps associees. Le concepteur prend donc des risques en reduisant le nombre de concepts developpes. Le dimensionnement de produits comporte egalement un certain nombre de difficultes, comme un positionnement tardif dans le processus, entrainant des etapes de pre et post traitement lourdes ainsi que des simulations longues. L’analyse d’aide a la decision est prometteuse mais elle reste marginale, faute de modeles simplifies disponibles dans les phases amont du processus de conception.Cette these expose la synthese de nos travaux de recherche portant sur l’optimisation en conception de systemes mecaniques. L’etude proposee s’integre dans une demarche d’ingenierie hautement productive de systemes mecaniques et comporte plusieurs facettes : conception fonctionnelle parametrique, application d’ingenierie a base de connaissances, outils de simulation numerique et d’optimisation. Nous proposons une methodologie permettant d’introduire au plus tot dans le processus de conception, une etape d’optimisation couplee a des simulations d’aide a la decision, en vue d’identifier des architectures optimales inedites, presentant les meilleurs compromis vis-a-vis d’objectifs multiples relatifs au comportement mecanique. L’objectif du travail de recherche est de developper des modeles, des methodes et des outils dedies a la generation semi-automatique de modeles geometriques tridimensionnels multiples identifies comme solutions les plus performantes dans un cadre de conception collaborative de produits mecaniques. Notre methodologie est ensuite experimentee sur plusieurs projets de conception de systemes mecaniques relevant de la mecanique des structures, en analyses statique et dynamique. Il s’agit en particulier de la conception d’organes du vehicule de l’UTBM participant au trophee SIA.
The Key Factors of New Car Models Development

Car industry is high technical, high connected, and high integrated. Meanwhile, developing new products has dominant competitive advantage. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to explore the key factors of new car models development, and analyzed by DEMATEL and DANP. Results indicate that the key criteria are: customer needs, market analysis, marketing strategy, strategic planning of new product, technical capability of new product, new product design, and scheduling control. In addition, for the performance, customer needs, market analysis, and strategic planning of new product are the key factors which need to be improved immediately.
A Multi-population Particle Swarm Optimizer and its Application to Blind Multichannel Estimation

In this paper, a multi-population particle swarm optimizer based on Lotka-Volterra competition equation is first proposed. The cooperative coevolution in the field of is involved into original particle swarm optimizer, and populations size is adjusted adaptively based on multi- population Lotka-Volterra competition equation. Then, the algorithm is applied to blind multichannel estimation by optimizing an error function for the outputs of a multichannel system. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is superior to original particle swarm optimization algorithm, and is effective to blind multichannel estimation.
Adenosine Deaminase and A1 Adenosine Receptors Internalize Together following Agonist-induced Receptor Desensitization*

A1 adenosine receptors (A1Rs) and adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) interact on the cell surface of DDT1MF-2 smooth muscle cells. The interaction facilitates ligand binding and signaling via A1R, but it is not known whether it has a role in homologous desensitization of A1Rs. Here we show that chronic exposure of DDT1MF-2 cells to the A1R agonist,N 6-(R)-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine (R-PIA), caused a rapid aggregation or clustering of A1 receptor molecules on the cell membrane, which was enhanced by pretreatment with ADA. Colocalization between A1R and ADA occurred in the R-PIA-induced clusters. Interestingly, colocalization between A1R and ADA also occurred in intracellular vesicles after internalization of both protein molecules in response to R-PIA. Agonist-induced aggregation of A1Rs was mediated by phosphorylation of A1Rs, which was enhanced and accelerated in the presence of ADA. Ligand-induced second-messenger desensitization of A1Rs was also accelerated in the presence of exogenous ADA, and it correlated well with receptor phosphorylation. However, although phosphorylation of A1R returned to its basal state within minutes, desensitization continued for hours. The loss of cell-surface binding sites (sequestration) induced by the agonist was time-dependent (t½= 10 ± 1 h) and was accelerated by ADA. All of these results strongly suggest that ADA plays a key role in the regulation of A1Rs by accelerating ligand-induced desensitization and internalization and provide evidence that the two cell surface proteins internalize via the same endocytic pathway.