Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases.

BACKGROUND A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine in preventing anogenital diseases associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18. METHODS In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial involving 5455 women between the ages of 16 and 24 years, we assigned 2723 women to receive vaccine and 2732 to receive placebo at day 1, month 2, and month 6. The coprimary composite end points were the incidence of genital warts, vulvar or vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, or cancer and the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, or cancer associated with HPV type 6, 11, 16, or 18. Data for the primary analysis were collected for a per-protocol susceptible population of women who had no virologic evidence of HPV type 6, 11, 16, or 18 through 1 month after administration of the third dose. RESULTS The women were followed for an average of 3 years after administration of the first dose. In the per-protocol population, those followed for vulvar, vaginal, or perianal disease included 2261 women (83%) in the vaccine group and 2279 (83%) in the placebo group. Those followed for cervical disease included 2241 women (82%) in the vaccine group and 2258 (83%) in the placebo group. Vaccine efficacy was 100% for each of the coprimary end points. In an intention-to-treat analysis, including those with prevalent infection or disease caused by vaccine-type and non-vaccine-type HPV, vaccination reduced the rate of any vulvar or vaginal perianal lesions regardless of the causal HPV type by 34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15 to 49), and the rate of cervical lesions regardless of the causal HPV type by 20% (95% CI, 8 to 31). CONCLUSIONS The quadrivalent vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of HPV-associated anogenital diseases in young women. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00092521 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Data-driven analytics for automated cell outage detection in Self-Organizing Networks

In this paper, we address the challenge of autonomous cell outage detection (COD) in Self-Organizing Networks (SON). COD is a pre-requisite to trigger fully automated self-healing recovery actions following cell outages or network failures. A special case of cell outage, referred to as Sleeping Cell (SC) remains particularly challenging to detect in state-of-the-art SON, since it triggers no alarms for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) entity. Consequently, no SON compensation function can be launched unless site visits or drive tests are performed, or complaints are received by affected customers. To address this issue, we present and evaluates a COD framework, which is based on minimization of drive test (MDT) reports, a functionality recently specified in third generation partnership project (3GPP) Release 10, for LTE Networks. Our proposed framework aims to detect cell outages in an autonomous fashion by first pre-processing the MDT measurements using multidimensional scaling method and further employing it together with machine learning algorithms to detect and localize anomalous network behaviour. We validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed solution using the data obtained from simulating the network under various operational settings.
Political intolerance: the role of intergroup threat and negative intergroup emotion

This study investigated whether the perception of intergroup threat, and intergroup emotion, are related to political intolerance. One hundred and twenty three South African undergraduate students (females = 76%; males = 24%; White = 65%; Coloured = 24%; Indian = 8%; Chinese = 2%; mean age = 19.8, SD = 3.03 years) were randomly assigned to either a heightened (n = 68) or low intergroup threat condition (n = 55). Data on intergroup threat, intergroup emotion and political intolerance were collected utilising a questionnaire. T-test effect comparisons including multiple regression analyses were computed to determine effects of intergroup threat and negative intergroup emotion on political intolerance. Results revealed negative intergroup emotion and perceived intergroup threat to predict political intolerance. Negative intergroup emotion mediated the relationship between perceived threat and political intolerance. These findings suggest that intergroup threat may lead to the rise of negative intergroup emotion which in turn creates an environment conducive to the development of political intolerance.
The process of global purchasing : Critical success factors and supplier impact Competitive Paper

Inward internationalisation receives more and more attention in recent literature. This article contributes to this developing domain by providing a holistic description of the underlying processes of one aspect of it: global purchasing/sourcing. By means of case study research, carried out in eight companies, drivers and inhibitors of globalisation are highlighted, elements of an international sourcing program and their critical success factors are revealed. From this, a preliminary process model is developed, giving insight in the initiation and implementation stages of global sourcing. Attention is also given to the role of the suppliers and the impact on them.
Ovarian Cancer-derived Glycodelin Impairs In Vitro Dendritic Cell Maturation

Local immunosuppressive mechanisms shape the tumor microenvironment and contribute to carcinogenesis. In ovarian cancer such mechanisms have been shown to influence survival. Dendritic cells (DCs) are central immunity regulators and induce potent cytotoxic T-cell responses as well as peripheral tolerance depending on modulatory stimuli. Here, we show that ovarian cancer-derived glycodelin (Gd), a glycoprotein that physiologically modulates local immunity in early pregnancy, induces a tolerogenic DC phenotype. Gd was isolated with high performance liquid chromatography from the malignant ascites of ovarian cancer patients. DCs were generated from monocytes of healthy donors and exposed to Gd with or without an inflammatory stimulus (tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1-β). We investigated the effect of Gd on DC surface marker expression, endopinocytotic activity, cytokine profile, and lymphoproliferative activity. DCs that were exposed to Gd altered their phenotype as seen by a differential expression of costimulatory molecules, whereas expression of DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin, a marker of an immature phenotype, was increased. Functional data provided further evidence for the immature/tolerogenic properties of Gd-pretreated DCs. Antigen uptake was retained, production of interleukin-10 was increased, and lymphoproliferative activity was reduced. This effect was reversible by adding Gd-blocking antibodies. Gd, which is found in the malignant ascites of ovarian cancer patients, induces a tolerogenic phenotype in DC, thereby shaping an immunodeficient tumor micromilieu.
Keefektifan Implementasi Sistem Informasi Manajemen Berbasis Komputer di UNY

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan: (1) kesesuaian perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi pada tingkat fakultas, unit, dan lembaga di lingkungan UNY; (2) kesiapan SDM dalam mendukung implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di UNY; dan (3) keefektifan implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di UNY. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaiuasi yang memfokuskan pada unsur-unsur proses implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di UNY dengan'model yang dikembangkan adalah model Scriven's formative-summative. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode: wawancara, pengamatan berperan serta, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan icara mengumpulkan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan mengambil kesimpulan. j Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa: pertama, unsur perangkat keras SIM berbasis komputer di UNY sudah efektif, meskipun ada beberapa bagian yang pedu pembenahan. Kedua, unsur perangkat lunak SIM berbasis komputer di UNY sudah efektif, tetapi sistem keamanannya masih perlu ditingkatkan. Ketiga, budaya penggunaan SIM berbasis komputer di UNY dapat dilihat dari aktivitas dosen, karyawan, dan mahasiswa dalam menggunakan fasilitas SIM berbasis komputer di UNY. Keempat, kesiapan SDM sebagai pendukung implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di lingkungan UNY sudah memadai. Kelima, implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di lingkungan UNY sudah efektif, sebab unsur perangkat keras, perangkat lunak, dan SDMnya sudah memenuhi standar. Keenam, Implementasi SIM berbasis komputer di lingkungan UNY hanya terbatas pada bidang akademik, pembayaran mahasisjwa, dan penelitian. Kata kunci: sistem, informasi, manajemen, komputer
Global-Local Airborne Mapping (GLAM): Reconstructing a City from Aerial Videos

Monocular visual SLAM has become an attractive practical approach for robot localization and 3D environment mapping, since cameras are small, lightweight, inexpensive, and produce high-rate, high-resolution data streams. Although numerous robust tools have been developed, most existing systems are designed to operate in terrestrial environments and at relatively small scale (a few thousand frames) due to constraints on computation and storage. In this paper, we present a feature-based visual SLAM system for aerial video whose simple design permits near real-time operation, and whose scalability permits large-area mapping using tens of thousands of frames, all on a single conventional computer. Our approach consists of two parallel threads: the first incrementally creates small locally consistent submaps and estimates camera poses at video rate; the second aligns these submaps with one another to produce a single globally consistent map via factor graph optimization over both poses and landmarks. Scale drift is minimized through the use of 7-degree-of-freedom similarity transformations during submap alignment. We quantify our system's performance on both simulated and real data sets, and demonstrate city-scale map reconstruction accurate to within 2 meters using nearly 90,000 aerial video frames - to our knowledge, the largest and fastest such reconstruction to date.
Interviewing as qualitative research : a guide for researchersin education and the social sciences

The third edition of this bestselling resource provides clear, step-by-step guidance for new and experienced interviewers to help them develop, shape, and reflect on interviewing as a qualitative research process. While proposing a phenomenological approach to in-depth interviewing, the author also includes principles and methods that can be adapted to a range of interviewing approaches. Using concrete examples of interviewing techniques to illustrate the issues under discussion, this classic text helps readers to understand the complexities of interviewing and its connections to broader issues of qualitative research. Equally popular for individual and classroom use, the new Third Edition of "Interviewing as Qualitative Research" features: an introduction to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) process in its historical context, including an expanded discussion of informed consent and its complexities; special attention to the rights of participants in interview research as those rights interact with ethical issues; and, updated references and suggestions for additional reading for a deeper consideration of methodological, ethical, and philosophical issues, including relevant Internet resources.
Inequalities in health care provision: the relationship between contemporary policy and contemporary practice in maternity services in England.

AIM The project Addressing Inequalities in Health: new directions in midwifery education and practice (Hart et al. 2001) was commissioned by the English National Board for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (ENB). Here, we draw on those research findings to consider current midwifery policy and practice in England. BACKGROUND Little guidance on providing equality of care exists for midwives. The Code of Conduct [United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting (UKCC) 1992] makes no specific requirement for midwives to address issues of inequalities of health in their practice. Recent policy documents emphasize the need to work towards reducing inequalities and to target practice to 'disadvantaged clients' without giving guidelines on how to identify and care for target groups. METHODS In-depth studies of midwifery education and service provision were conducted in three very different parts of England. Three months of fieldwork were undertaken at each site, comprising a series of interviews with midwifery educators, managers, students, midwives and service users. Focus groups were also held and observation of classroom sessions and midwifery practice undertaken. Findings. A lack of clear and specific strategies concerning inequalities in health was evident at managerial level. Patchy knowledge of current policy was also evident amongst practising midwives. Specific projects with disadvantaged clients usually resulted from a particular midwife's personal interest or evident local need. All midwives emphasized the importance of 'equality of care'. How this was operationalized varied, and 'individualized' or 'woman-centred' care was assumed to encompass the concept. In the few examples where care was systematically targeted in accordance with policy directives, the midwife's public health role was increased. CONCLUSION In the absence of a co-ordinated strategic vision driven by managers, practitioners find difficulty in prioritizing care and targeting resources to disadvantaged clients in line with policy directives. Tensions between policy and practice in the care of 'disadvantaged' women clearly exist. Successful implementation of policy at practice level needs: commitment from managers; clarity of purpose in documentation; and provision of specific targets for practitioners. However, the latter should remain flexible enough for the delivery of care to be appropriate and sensitive to individual needs.
Evidence that Vpu Modulates HIV-1 Gag-Envelope Interaction towards Envelope Incorporation and Infectivity in a Cell Type Dependent Manner

The HIV-1 Vpu is required for efficient virus particle release from the plasma membrane and intracellular CD4 degradation in infected cells. In the present study, we found that the loss of virus infectivity as a result of envelope (Env) incorporation defect caused by a Gag matrix (MA) mutation (L30E) was significantly alleviated by introducing a start codon mutation in vpu. Inactivation of Vpu partially restored the Env incorporation defect imposed by L30E substitution in MA. This effect was found to be comparable in cell types such as 293T, HeLa, NP2 and GHOST as well as in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). However, in HeLa cells BST-2 knockdown was found to further alleviate the effect of Vpu inactivation on infectivity of L30E mutant. Our data demonstrated that the impaired infectivity of virus particles due to Env incorporation defect caused by MA mutation was modulated by start codon mutation in Vpu.
GlOSS: text-source discovery over the Internet

The dramatic growth of the Internet has created a new problem for users: location of the relevant sources of documents. This article presents a framework for (and experimentally analyzes a solution to) this problem, which we call the text-source discovery problem. Our approach consists of two phases. First, each text source exports its contents to a centralized service. Second, users present queries to the service, which returns an ordered list of promising text sources. This article describes GlOSS, Glossary of Servers Server, with two versions: bGlOSS, which provides a Boolean query retrieval model, and vGlOSS, which provides a vector-space retrieval model. We also present hGlOSS, which provides a decentralized version of the system. We extensively describe the methodology for measuring the retrieval effectiveness of these systems and provide experimental evidence, based on actual data, that all three systems are highly effective in determining promising text sources for a given query.
Comparative document summarization via discriminative sentence selection

Given a collection of document groups, a quick question is what are the differences in these groups. In this paper, we study a novel problem of summarizing the differences between document groups. A discriminative sentence selection method is proposed to extract the most discriminative sentences which represent the specific characteristics of each document group. Experiments on real world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Dependency Annotation for Learner Corpora

Building from the CHILDES dependency annotation scheme and on inter-language POS annotation, we describe a syntactic annotation scheme developed for the data of second language learners. We encode subcategorization frames and underlying dependencies, in addition to the usual surface dependencies. The annotation scheme is relatively independent of language and can be mapped to learner errors
When the abuse is unevenly distributed: The effects of abusive supervision variability on work attitudes and behaviors

Summary The present study examined the consequences of a dispersion-based conceptualization of unit-level abusive supervision or abusive supervision variability. Abusive supervision variability was proposed to negatively affect a number of employee attitudes and behaviors through the mediating effects of interpersonal justice climate strength. The results revealed significant cross-level effects such that abusive supervision variability was negatively related to individual perceptions of leader ethicality, organizational ethicality, leader satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment. These effects remained robust after controlling for individual-level abusive supervision. Abusive supervision variability was also positively related to the frequency with which unit members as a whole engaged in counterproductive work behaviors. Last, the results revealed partial support for the mediating effects of interpersonal justice climate strength. In sum, the findings highlight the importance of examining abusive supervision at both the individual and unit levels of analyses. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correlation between CYP1A1 transcript, protein level, enzyme activity and DNA adduct formation in normal human mammary epithelial cell strains exposed to benzo[a]pyrene.

UNLABELLED The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) benzo(a)pyrene (BP) is thought to bind covalently to DNA, through metabolism by cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and CYP1B1, and other enzymes, to form r7, t8, t9-trihydroxy-c-10-(N(2)-deoxyguanosyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo[a]-pyrene (BPdG). Evaluation of RNA expression data, to understand the contribution of different metabolic enzymes to BPdG formation, is typically presented as fold-change observed upon BP exposure, leaving the actual number of RNA transcripts unknown. Here, we have quantified RNA copies/ng cDNA (RNA cpn) for CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, as well as NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which may reduce formation of BPdG adducts, using primary normal human mammary epithelial cell (NHMEC) strains, and the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. In unexposed NHMECs, basal RNA cpn values were 58-836 for CYP1A1, 336-5587 for CYP1B1 and 5943-40112 for NQO1. In cells exposed to 4.0 µM BP for 12h, RNA cpn values were 251-13234 for CYP1A1, 4133-57078 for CYP1B1 and 4456-55887 for NQO1. There were 3.5 (mean, range 0.2-15.8) BPdG adducts/10(8) nucleotides in the NHMECs (n = 16), and 790 in the MCF-7s. In the NHMECs, BP-induced CYP1A1 RNA cpn was highly associated with BPdG (P = 0.002), but CYP1B1 and NQO1 were not. Western blots of four NHMEC strains, chosen for different levels of BPdG adducts, showed a linear correlation between BPdG and CYP1A1, but not CYP1B1 or NQO1. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, which measures CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 together, correlated with BPdG, but NQO1 activity did not. Despite more numerous levels of CYP1B1 and NQO1 RNA cpn in unexposed and BP-exposed NHMECs and MCF-7cells, BPdG formation was only correlated with induction of CYP1A1 RNA cpn. The higher level of BPdG in MCF-7 cells, compared to NHMECs, may have been due to a much increased induction of CYP1A1 and EROD. Overall, BPdG correlation was observed with CYP1A1 protein and CYP1A1/1B1 enzyme activity, but not with CYP1B1 or NQO1 protein, or NQO1 enzyme activity.
The Meaning and Utility of Institutional Teaching Evaluations

This study analyzes end of course institutional teaching evaluations (ITEs) done anonymously by students in a pre-service teacher education course over a 15-year span. The purpose was to determine if and how the ITE findings might inform practice and relate to teaching metaphors as a tool of study. Analysis revealed: (a) teacher effectiveness ratings were more meaningful when examined by metaphor periods and when outliers, which skewed the trends, were removed, (b) patterns in students’ optional narrative comments on ITEs indicated that students consistently saw instructor strength in caring and weakness in clarity, (c) there was no clear correlation between narrative comments and teacher effectiveness ratings, and (d) alignment with identified teaching metaphors was strongest with student narrative comment categories. In addition, doing this analysis reframed the way I thought of myself as a teacher and allowed me to make positive changes in how I related to students. Comments from the course in the semester following the analysis support this contention. This work informs the field by considering the usefulness of metaphors for long-term study of practice as well as modeling how teacher educators subjected to accountability measures can use such institutional measures to create meaningful study of practice.
Applying microwave radiation response depth to validate soil moisture retrieved from AMSR-E data

Penetrability is one of the greatest advantages of microwave remote sensing over other remote sensing techniques. Estimating the sensing depth of passive microwave remote sensing is meaningful for simulation of satellite signals and validation of land surface parameters. In this paper, microwave radiation response depth (MRRD) was proposed to describe the thickness of the soil layer, within which variations in soil moisture can significantly affect the emitted radiation. Then, a statistical model for estimating MRRD was developed by regression analysis. This model can estimate the MRRD using four parameters, which are soil moisture, soil temperature, frequency, and soil specific surface area. For validation, a controlled field experiment was performed using a truck-mounted multi-frequency microwave radiometer (TMMR) at Baoding, Hebei province, China. The accuracy of the statistical model, in terms of root mean square error (rmse), was approximately 0.54 cm for the available experimental data at the frequency of 6.925, 10.65, and 18.7 GHz. Finally, the statistical model was applied into soil moisture validation. Taking the Global Land Data Assimilation Systems (GLDAS) product as the measurements, we validated the soil moisture retrieved from advanced microwave scanning radiometer-earth observing system (AMSR-E) data. The measured soil moisture obtained from an empirical depth and MRRD were both used to comparison. The rmse between soil moisture retrieved and measured is 0.060 and 0.047 cm3/cm3 for empirical depth and MRRD based method, respectively. These results have shown that it is more reasonable to considered MRRD than an empirical depth in soil moisture validation.