Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovering affine motion and defocus blur simultaneously

There are at least two situations in practical computer vision where displacement of a point in an image is accompanied by a defocus blur. The first is when a camera of limited autofocal capability moves in depth, and the second is when a limited autofocal camera zooms. Motion and zooming are two popular strategies for acquiring more detail or for acquiring depth. The defocus blur has been considered noise or at best been ignored. However, the defocus blur is in itself a cue to depth, and hence we proceed to show how it can be calculated simultaneously with affine motion. We first introduce the theory, then develop a solution method and finally demonstrate the validity of the theory and the solution by conducting experiments with real scenery.
A Topic Modeling Guided Approach for Semantic Knowledge Discovery in e-Commerce

The task of mining large unstructured text archives, extracting useful patterns and then organizing them into a knowledgebase has attained a great attention due to its vast array of immediate applications in business. Businesses thus demand new and efficient algorithms for leveraging potentially useful patterns from heterogeneous data sources that produce huge volumes of unstructured data. Due to the ability to bring out hidden themes from large text repositories, topic modeling algorithms attained significant attention in the recent past. This paper proposes an efficient and scalable method which is guided by topic modeling for extracting concepts and relationships from e-commerce product descriptions and organizing them into knowledgebase. Semantic graphs can be generated from such a knowledgebase on which meaning aware product discovery experience can be built for potential buyers. Extensive experiments using proposed unsupervised algorithms with e-commerce product descriptions collected from open web shows that our proposed method outperforms some of the existing methods of leveraging concepts and relationships so that efficient knowledgebase construction is possible.
Fluid-structure interactions of anisotropic thin composite materials for application to sail aerodynamics of a yacht in waves

In recent years technological innovations has allowed large improvements to be made in sail design and construction. Sails and in particular kite-sails have application for sport, ships’ auxiliary propulsion and even power generation. Sails are divided into upwind and downwind sails (Fig.1), where upwind sails operate as lifting surfaces with small angles of attack whereas traditional downwind sails acted as drag device. New designs of downwind sails have reduced the area of separated flow and increased the lifting behaviour of the sails. In order to capture the lifting behaviour and regions of separation present in both types of sail careful application of computational fluid dynamic analysis tools are required. Solutions of the Reynolds averaged Navier- Stokes equations (RANSE) are often used as a part of the design process of high performance sailing yachts.The present paper discusses some initial investigations and future guidelines in order to get a more detailed description of the physics involved in sail FSI. Three main fields are therefore covered: the use of CFD in order to accurately capture flow features and a comparison with experimental results; structural modelling; and approach to coupling
Identification, Characterization, and Variable Expression of a Naturally Occurring Inhibitor Protein of IS1106 Transposase in Clinical Isolates ofNeisseriameningitidis

ABSTRACT Transposition plays a role in the epidemiology and pathogenesis ofNeisseriameningitidis. Insertion sequences are involved in reversible capsulation and insertional inactivation of virulence genes encoding outer membrane proteins. In this study, we have investigated and identified one way in which transposon IS1106 controls its own activity. We have characterized a naturally occurring protein (Tip) that inhibits the transposase. The inhibitor protein is a truncated version of the IS1106 transposase lacking the NH2-terminal DNA binding sequence, and it regulates transposition by competing with the transposase for binding to the outside ends of IS1106, as shown by gel shift and in vitro transposition assays. IS1106Tip mRNA is variably expressed among serogroup B meningococcal clinical isolates, and it is absent in most collection strains belonging to hypervirulent lineages.
CLUSTERED SPATIAL DATA MINING ASSOCIATION RULE TO EXPLORE LARGE VOLUMES OF RURAL CRIME

In this paper which interest to integrate a large v olume of data sets into useful information by adopting a various infor mation techniques in the latest technology in world. The m ethod approaches of Single variate Association Rule for A rea to Crime based on the knowledge discovery techniques such as , clustering and association-rule mining. Data mining provides a cle r finding to prevent from crime with associated to another cr ime occurrence with the naked observation on correlation between o ne crime to another crime. This tool is an autonomous pattern detector to reveal plausible cause-effect associations between layers of point and area data. We present TATA algorithm with an ex ploratory analysis for the effectively explore geo-referenced data. We hope this will lead to new approaches in the exploration f large volumes of spatio-temporal data in crime model.
Comparison between YCbCr Color Space and CIELab Color Space for Skin Color Segmentation

Skin color is a simple but powerful pixel based feature. Skin color has proven to be a useful and sturdy cue for face detection, localization and tracking, hand detection, etc. Skin color is a useful means for human face detection. In this paper, we propose two color spaces YCbCr and CIELab and compare the results of both color space. Analyze the efficient method for skin color segmentation under varying lighting conditions. Experimental results show that CIELab color space is better than other color space. It can improve the performance of face segmentation under poor or strong lighting conditions.
Concentric macular rings sign in patients with foveal hypoplasia.

IMPORTANCE We describe a sign that can be used as a rapid and noninvasive adjunct to aid in the diagnosis of foveal hypoplasia. OBJECTIVE To describe a concentric macular rings sign found on infrared reflectance (IRR) images in patients with foveal hypoplasia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS We studied 13 patients with foveal hypoplasia (7 with ocular albinism [OA], 5 with oculocutaneous albinism [OCA], and 1 with aniridia) at a tertiary ophthalmology center with access to electrodiagnostic services from February 18, 2009, through April 9, 2013. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES All patients and an age-matched control participant underwent a complete clinical examination, electroretinography (full field and pattern), visual evoked potentials, fundus autofluorescence IRR, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). One patient with OA and the control participant also underwent scanning laser polarimetry with variable corneal compensation (GDx VCC). RESULTS Thirteen patients (6 girls and 7 boys), with a mean age of 5.8 years (range, 3-11 years), were included in the study. Seven patients were diagnosed as having OA and had minimal clinical signs (fine nystagmus in 2 patients and subtle iris transillumination in 5 patients). Five patients with OCA and 1 with aniridia were also included. In 12 patients, OA and OCA were confirmed with 5-channel visual evoked potentials (optic nerve misrouting). Whenever OCT was performed, foveal hypoplasia was indicated by the lack of foveal dip. The macula lacked the foveal attenuation normally seen with fundus autofluorescence, and a concentric macular rings reflex was seen with IRR in all 13 patients and with GDx VCC in 1 patient. A normal bowtie reflex was seen with IRR and GDx VCC in the age-matched control participant. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our findings suggest that concentric macular rings seen on IRR or GDx VCC can occur in patients with foveal hypoplasia and can therefore aid in the diagnosis, especially in patients with minimal clinical signs (mild OA) or in cases in which OCT cannot be performed (young patients or patients with high-amplitude nystagmus).
Sources of carbonaceous aerosol in the Amazon basin

Abstract. The quantification of sources of carbonaceous aerosol is important to understand their atmospheric concentrations and regulating processes and to study possible effects on climate and air quality, in addition to develop mitigation strategies. In the framework of the European Integrated Project on Aerosol Cloud Climate Interactions (EUCAARI) fine ( D p D p −3 during the wet season and 4.2 μg m −3 during the dry season. The average coarse aerosol mass concentration during wet and dry periods was 7.9 and 7.6 μg m −3 , respectively. The overall chemical composition of fine and coarse mass did not show any seasonality with the largest fraction of fine and coarse aerosol mass explained by organic carbon (OC); the average OC to mass ratio was 0.4 and 0.6 in fine and coarse aerosol modes, respectively. The mass absorbing cross section of soot was determined by comparison of elemental carbon and light absorption coefficient measurements and it was equal to 4.7 m 2 g −1 at 637 nm. Carbon aerosol sources were identified by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis of thermograms: 44% of fine total carbon mass was assigned to biomass burning, 43% to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and 13% to volatile species that are difficult to apportion. In the coarse mode, primary biogenic aerosol particles (PBAP) dominated the carbonaceous aerosol mass. The results confirmed the importance of PBAP in forested areas. The source apportionment results were employed to evaluate the ability of global chemistry transport models to simulate carbonaceous aerosol sources in a regional tropical background site. The comparison showed an overestimation of elemental carbon (EC) by the TM5 model during the dry season and OC both during the dry and wet periods. The overestimation was likely due to the overestimation of biomass burning emission inventories and SOA production over tropical areas.
Commercialized biomarkers: new horizons in prostate cancer diagnostics

Limitations with current clinical tools available for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) have resulted in overdiagnosis and costly overtreatment, which is affecting the outcomes and quality of life of men. The biotech industry is investing significant resources into developing more specific biomarkers for PCa detection and patient stratification that would greatly advance the decision-making processes behind PCa management and treatment. In this review, we focus on those biomarkers that have been translated into commercial tests available to clinicians. Since these tests aim to fill specific gaps during the decision-making process of PCa management, we have grouped them based on the clinical question they claim to address, that is, improved PCa screening, false-negative biopsy dilemma, prognostic tests following a positive biopsy and tests predicting relapse/metastases after surgery. We evaluate each test with respect to its development, platform, clinical validation, biomatrix, regulatory approval status and cost.
Scaling Professional Critics: Men and Women Rate Films

Film critic research typically attends to the impact of critics' ratings and reviews on box office receipts. With few exceptions, critics are treated as a homogeneous group. Taking a different approach, this article explores similarities and differences among critics. First, in a test of potential differential influences of the objectification of women harbored in the “Male Gaze,” no significant difference between male and female critics' median ratings was found. Second, differences and similarities among critics did appear in their rankings along a “kindness” dimension. Specifically, produced by a Correspondence Analysis which used the complete rating “profiles” of 25 professional film critics who contributed 6389 ratings to Film Comment, it was possible to rank critics from most to least kind. Third, differences in kindness ratings between two subsets (male and female critics) set the stage for another examination of the continuing influence of the Male Gaze: while males were distributed across the entire kindness scale, female critics clustered around the central (or average) kindness profile. The observed similarities and differences among critics are discussed in terms of the divergent influences of professional canons and ideological issues, such as the Male Gaze.
Node centrality awareness via swarming effects

Centralization is a weakness in large scale dynamic topologies and, thus, collaboratively electing at runtime the most impactful (central) nodes is necessary to ensure reliability. However, little has been achieved in measuring the centrality of nodes in an accurate, fast, decentralized and with low overhead method. This paper proposes a swarm-inspired approach (DANIS) to detect the nodes that would most impact the network connectivity if removed. The idea lies on the trivial fact that the more accessible a node is, the more resources per time unit it loses. Experiments on random, scale-free and small-world graph topologies indicate that DANIS achieves higher accuracy, faster convergence and fewer communication overhead compared to other methods.
Strengthening SPN-type block cipher architecture against fault attack

In this paper a Substitution Permutation Network( SPN) type, symmetric-key block cipher architecture has been proposed to strengthen it against fault attack. The proposed SPN type architechture employes two different types of diffusion layers. Each odd round contains eight parallel 16 bits diffusion layer and each even round contains two parallel 64 bits diffusion layer. Our architecture has been implemented in Spartan-3 FPGA xc3s5000 device and it provides a acceptable throughput of 866.538 Mbps. In this work, first time two different types of diffusion layer are used to strengthen SPN-type block cipher architecture against fault attack.
Auditory scene analysis based on time-frequency integration of shared FM and AM (II): Optimum time-domain integration and stream sound reconstruction

In the preceding paper, we have proposed a method for auditory scene analysis, in which the instantaneous frequency, frequency change rate, and amplitude change rate in time-frequency space are intensified into a multipeak probability density distribution by voting method and the grouping into streams of mixed sounds is realized. In this paper, as the main point of the second half of this method, we will introduce the assumption that the stream parameters vary slowly according to the known dynamics and propose an integration method on the time axis, in which the probability density distribution of the stream parameters is optimally estimated in time series by a nonparametric Kalman filter. By doing so, the mechanism of higher auditory scene analysis such as enhancement of the accuracy of the stream parameters, interpolation and connection of the breaks of the streams, and introduction of a priori knowledge into stream selection can be realized. Moreover, the separation and reconstruction system of sounds which correspond to streams is constructed, and the proposed technique is verified by fundamental experiments for synthesized sounds or musical sounds and voices. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 33(10): 83–94, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/scj.1160
Human-computer interaction: The usability test methods and design principles in the human-computer interface design

This paper has analyzed and summarized the usability research in the human computer interface design and the relations between these researches and the usability of interface, and according to the usability research, this paper has summarized the usability test methods in the human computer interface design. At the end of this paper, it has analyzed and put forward some principles that we should abide in the usability design of human computer interface, which provide some design basis for the usability research in the development of product interface.
An AMR sensor-based measurement system for magnetoelectrical resistivity tomography

A magnetoelectrical resistivity measurement system is proposed, which combines measurement of the electric potential and the magnetic field due to a current injection into a sample. Measurement of the electric potential, as well as the injected current, is similar to traditional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data acquisition. For the magnetic field measurements, 24 sensor modules have been developed using three component anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) sensors, mounted on a vertically moving scanning torus. The system is designed to operate in a typical laboratory magnetic noise environment without extensive shielding. To compensate for the effects of the Earth's magnetic field, the AMR sensors are operated with a field feedback circuit. Optimal noise reduction is provided by the use of a lock-in frequency of 25 Hz, with sine wave modulation and measurement cycles of 10 s. The resolution of the system is better then 50 pT and the aimed accuracy is 0.1%. The system provides a data set of magnetic fields complimentary to traditional ERT to determine the internal conductivity distribution of cylindrical samples with the dimension of 0.1-m radius and 0.5-m height.
Keep moving: collective agency along the migrant trail

Abstract Recent scholarship has shown how aggressive policing along the US–Mexico border and in the interiors of the United States and Mexico has heightened migrants’ vulnerability to violence, death, displacement, and exploitation. Here, we explore how migrants engage in social practices to respond to state violence along an extended and militarized migrant trail. We show how migrants form part of a broader landscape of sociopolitical contestation with organizations, cartels, local communities, and state agencies, wherein they generate new forms of sociality and strategic cooperation to promote their survival and well-being. Migrants’ social practices illustrate that, far from eroding migrant agency, heightened state violence has generated new and creative social strategies to survive, and at times resist, aggressive policing measures.
Legacy of a half century of Athabasca oil sands development recorded by lake ecosystems

The absence of well-executed environmental monitoring in the Athabasca oil sands (Alberta, Canada) has necessitated the use of indirect approaches to determine background conditions of freshwater ecosystems before development of one of the Earth’s largest energy deposits. Here, we use highly resolved lake sediment records to provide ecological context to ∼50 y of oil sands development and other environmental changes affecting lake ecosystems in the region. We show that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) within lake sediments, particularly C1-C4–alkylated PAHs, increased significantly after development of the bitumen resource began, followed by significant increases in dibenzothiophenes. Total PAH fluxes in the modern sediments of our six study lakes, including one site ∼90 km northwest of the major development area, are now ∼2.5–23 times greater than ∼1960 levels. PAH ratios indicate temporal shifts from primarily wood combustion to petrogenic sources that coincide with greater oil sands development. Canadian interim sediment quality guidelines for PAHs have been exceeded since the mid-1980s at the most impacted site. A paleoecological assessment of Daphnia shows that this sentinel zooplankter has not yet been negatively impacted by decades of high atmospheric PAH deposition. Rather, coincident with increases in PAHs, climate-induced shifts in aquatic primary production related to warmer and drier conditions are the primary environmental drivers producing marked daphniid shifts after ∼1960 to 1970. Because of the striking increase in PAHs, elevated primary production, and zooplankton changes, these oil sands lake ecosystems have entered new ecological states completely distinct from those of previous centuries.
Directionality based Location Discovery Scheme using Beacon Nodes with Transmission Capabilities throughout Sensor Network

In this paper, we propose a range-free localization scheme for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) using four beacon nodes(BNs) equipped with a directional antenna with special transmission capabilities for sending wireless beacon signals throughout the sensor network. Each beacon node rotates with a constant angular speed and broadcasts its angular bearings. A sensor node can determine its location by listening to wireless transmissions from the four ﬁxed beacon nodes. The proposed method is based on an angle-of-arrival estimation technique that does not increase the complexity or cost of construction of the sensor nodes. We present error analysis and the best positions of beacon nodes in the proposed method. Numerical results, obtained by simulating several scenarios, show that the algorithm can reach a good level of convergence. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i6. 2705
Advanced Very Low Bit Rate Video Coding Using Preferential Pattern Selection Algorithms

In the context of very low bit-rate video coding, pre-defined fixed pattern representations ofmoving regions in blocked-based motion estimation and compensation has become increasinglyattractive over H.264 as the former represents an MB by a smaller size moving region covered bythe best available pattern that approximates the shape of the region more closely and hence,requiring no extra motion vector, which is not the case with the latter. But fixed set patternssometimes fail to code efficiently for all video sequences. In this paper a novel idea of selecting asubset of best-matched patterns through preferential selection technique is developed bypresenting two algorithms,
Amblyaudia: Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Treatment of a New Diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE Similar to amblyopia in the visual system, "amblyaudia" is a term used to describe persistent hearing difficulty experienced by individuals with a history of asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) during a critical window of brain development. Few clinical reports have described this phenomenon and its consequent effects on central auditory processing. We aim to (1) define the concept of amblyaudia and (2) review contemporary research on its pathophysiology and emerging clinical relevance. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. REVIEW METHODS A systematic literature search was performed with combinations of search terms: "amblyaudia," "conductive hearing loss," "sensorineural hearing loss," "asymmetric," "pediatric," "auditory deprivation," and "auditory development. " Relevant articles were considered for inclusion, including basic and clinical studies, case series, and major reviews. CONCLUSIONS During critical periods of infant brain development, imbalanced auditory input associated with AHL may lead to abnormalities in binaural processing. Patients with amblyaudia can demonstrate long-term deficits in auditory perception even with correction or resolution of AHL. The greatest impact is in sound localization and hearing in noisy environments, both of which rely on bilateral auditory cues. Diagnosis and quantification of amblyaudia remain controversial and poorly defined. Prevention of amblyaudia may be possible through early identification and timely management of reversible causes of AHL. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Otolaryngologists, audiologists, and pediatricians should be aware of emerging data supporting amblyaudia as a diagnostic entity and be cognizant of the potential for lasting consequences of AHL. Prevention of long-term auditory deficits may be possible through rapid identification and correction.