Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controller Design for Mechanical Impedance Reduction

Mechatronic systems that physically interact with humans should guarantee safety, as well as stability and control performance. Mechanical impedance is an effective means to evaluate the safety of such systems. The mechanical impedance represents the magnitude of reaction forces by mechanical system when it is moved. Therefore, low mechanical impedance is one of the requirements of safe mechatronic systems. However, there exists a tradeoff between mechanical impedance, stability, and control performance. In this paper, a methodology to design control algorithms for reduction of the mechanical impedance with guaranteed stability is proposed. For the controller design, the mathematical definition of the mechanical impedance for open- and closed-loop systems is introduced in this paper. Various analyses on the mechanical impedance from the viewpoint of control systems are given. Then, the controllers are designed for systems with/without right-half complex plane poles and zeros such that they effectively lower the magnitude of mechanical impedance with guaranteed stability. The proposed method is verified through case studies including simulations and experiments.
ONLINE MONITORING OF UNDERCOATING CORROSIONS UTILIZING COUPLED MULTIELECTRODE SENSORS

Online monitoring of carbon steel corrosion under different commercial coatings was conducted, utilizing coupled multielectrode sensors. The experimental results showed that the coupled multielectrode corrosion sensor is an effective tool for detecting initial defects and real-time degradation of the coatings. Because of their high sensitivity, the coupled multielectrode sensors may also be used as a quick and convenient tool for optimizing the selection of proper coatings for different applications.
DRAFT-Not for attribution Siting Solar PV Capacity to Maximize Environmental Benefits

The environmental benefits of solar electricity generating capacity vary across the U.S. according to solar irradiance, weather, conventional generation fleets, grid characteristics, and population. Though the 1.1 million distributed solar generation systems installed in the U.S are incentivized by local, state and federal programs, virtually none of these varies subsidies according to expected environmental benefits, which, to our knowledge, have not previously been estimated. This paper, therefore, develops a systematic and theoretically consistent measure of the spatially-differentiated environmental benefits of solar capacity across the U.S. These benefits, equal to $6,200 over the lifetime of a typical 4 kilowatt capacity system, are related to the federal and state subsidies that subsidize the typical system in excess of these benefits by $5,400. Yet, in 25% of zip codes, rooftop solar is under-subsidized by as much as $6,200. The magnitude of foregone environmental benefits due to suboptimal siting of solar capacity are estimated at as much as $1.2 billion annually. JEL: Q42, Q48, Q51, Q52
Short fuzzy tandem repeats in genomic sequences, identification, and possible role in regulation of gene expression

MOTIVATION Genomic sequences are highly redundant and contain many types of repetitive DNA. Fuzzy tandem repeats (FTRs) are of particular interest. They are found in regulatory regions of eukaryotic genes and are reported to interact with transcription factors. However, accurate assessment of FTR occurrences in different genome segments requires specific algorithm for efficient FTR identification and classification. RESULTS We have obtained formulas for P-values of FTR occurrence and developed an FTR identification algorithm implemented in TandemSWAN software. Using TandemSWAN we compared the structure and the occurrence of FTRs with short period length (up to 24 bp) in coding and non-coding regions including UTRs, heterochromatic, intergenic and enhancer sequences of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila pseudoobscura. Tandems with period three and its multiples were found in coding segments, whereas FTRs with periods multiple of six are overrepresented in all non-coding segment. Periods equal to 5-7 and 11-14 were characteristic of the enhancer regions and other non-coding regions close to genes. AVAILABILITY TandemSWAN web page, stand-alone version and documentation can be found at http://bioinform.genetika. ru/projects/swan/www/ SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Molecular alterations of IL‐6R, lck and c‐myc genes in transforming monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance

We studied the molecular alterations of IL‐6R, lck and c‐myc genes in the tumour cells of 50 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 20 patients with monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS). Southern blot analysis revealed a 5.3 kb IL‐6R amplified band by digestion with EcoRI and HindIII in three MGUS patients, but no IL‐6R gene alteration was found in MM patients. BamHI digestion revealed a 6.2 kb rearranged band of the lck gene in two MGUS patients with IL‐6R amplification. In one MGUS patient we detected a rearrangement upstream of the lck coding region. Myc rearrangement was observed in three MM and two MGUS patients who showed coexistent lck rearrangement and IL‐6R amplification. These molecular alterations were detected in the MGUS patients with an IgA monoclonal component, who showed a rapid progression into aggressive MM. Myc rearrangement seems to be associated with a small group of a clinically aggressive MM at diagnosis, secreting IgA or k light chains. Multiple rearrangements and/or molecular alterations are likely to occur at the time of MGUS‐IgA transformation into aggressive MM and myc rearrangement may promote a positive pressure for transformation and progression. MM tumourigenesis remains a heterogenous multistep process involving the deregulation of many genes and gene products.
sRNA-Xcc1, an integron-encoded transposon- and plasmid-transferred trans-acting sRNA, is under the positive control of the key virulence regulators HrpG and HrpX of Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris

sRNA-Xcc1 is a trans-acting sRNA recently identified from the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris (Xcc). Here, the phylogenetic distribution, predicted secondary structure and regulation of expression of sRNA-Xcc1 were analyzed. The analysis showed (1) a total 81 sRNA-Xcc1 homologs that are found in some bacterial strains that are taxonomically unrelated, belonging to the a-, b-, g-, and d-proteobacteria (2) that some sRNA-Xcc1 homologs are located in a plasmid-borne transposon or near a transposase coding gene, (3) that sRNA-Xcc1 is encoded by a integron gene cassette in Xcc and sRNA-Xcc1 homologs occur in integron gene cassettes of some uncultured bacteria and (4) that sRNA-Xcc1 homologs have a highly conserved sequence motif and a stable consensus secondary structure. These findings strongly support the idea that sRNA-Xcc1 represents a novel family of sRNAs which may be originally captured by integrons from natural environments and then spread among different bacterial species via horizontal gene transfer, possibly by means of transposons and plasmids. The expression analysis results demonstrated that the transcription of sRNA-Xcc1 is under the positive control of the key virulence regulators HrpG and HrpX, indicating that sRNA-Xcc1 may be involved in the virulence regulation of Xcc.
Priority Assessment of Online Monitoring Investment for Power System Circuit Breakers—Part II: Determination of Optimum Number

The proper and reliable operation of circuit breakers (CBs) directly affects the reliability and continuity of electricity services in a power systems. Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is the best economic CB maintenance strategy through its online monitoring (OLM) possibilities. Since there is a large number of CBs in a power system, to equip all CBs with OLM systems is not economically justifiable however. This paper, as the second part of a two-part paper, presents an effective optimization framework to find the optimal number of CBs to be monitored online as the kernel of CBM process. To prove its feasibility, the proposed approach is applied to the IEEE Roy Billinton Test System, which includes 32 CBs. The impacts of interest rate and load interruption cost variations as well as nonoptimum selection of CBs for monitoring on the results are also discussed in this paper. The results of numerical analyses of the case study presented in this paper demonstrate how the proposed method can be employed for maintenance management of power system CBs.
Modeles statistiques et patrons morphosyntaxiques pour l'extraction de lexiques bilingues

Notre travail s'inscrit dans le cadre general de l'extraction de ressources lexicales bilingues par des methodes statistiques. Il s'agit d'etablir des lexiques bilingues anglais-francais a partir de corpus techniques du domaine des telecommunications par satellite. Deux types d'entrees pour ces lexiques ont ete etudies: les mots simples et les noms composes terminologiques. Le traitement des mots simples repose essentiellement sur des modeles statistiques. Ces modeles sont toutefois insuffisants dans la mesure ou ils ne traitent pas des unites plus complexes telles que les noms composes terminologiques qui abondent dans les domaines techniques. Nous nous sommes alors interesse a la reconnaissance de ces composes terminologiques. Pour cela, nous avons eu recours a des structures morphosyntaxiques isolees dans le cadre de travaux sur la composition nominale anglaise et francaise. Nous avons ensuite mene une etude comparative entre les structures anglaises et francaises. Nous avons finalement etabli divers modeles pour aligner les termes anglais et francais entre eux. Dans cet alignement nous avons envisage trois approches. Dans la premiere, l'accent est mis sur les mots constituant les termes. Dans la deuxieme, les termes sont envisages dans leur globalite. Enfin, la derniere approche integre les resultats des deux precedentes. L'utilisation conjointe de donnees linguistiques et statistiques nous permet finalement d'obtenir des lexiques bilingues de bonne qualite
Processing of silicate dust grains in Herbig Ae/Be systems

We have analysed the 10 m spectral region of a sample of Herbig Ae/Be (HAEBE) stars. The spectra are dominated by a broad emission feature caused by warm amorphous silicates, and by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In HD 163296 we nd aliphatic carbonaceous dust, the rst detection of this material in a HAEBE star. The silicate band shows a large variation in shape, due to variable contributions of three components: (i) a broad shoulder at 8.6 m; (ii) a broad maximum at 9.8 m; and (iii) a narrow feature with a broad underlying continuum at 11.3 m. From detailed modeling these features can be identied with silica (SiO2), sub-micrometer sized amorphous olivine grains and micrometer sized amorphous olivine grains in combination with forsterite (Mg2SiO4), respectively. Typical mass fractions are 5 to 10 per cent of crystalline over amorphous olivine, and a few per cent of silica compared to the olivines. The detection of silica in emission implies that this material is heated by thermal contact with other solids that have a high absorptivity at optical to near-IR wavelengths. The observed change in peak position of the silicate band in HAEBE stars from 9.7 m to 11.3 m is dominated by an increase in average grain size, while changes in composition play only a minor r^ ole. The HAEBE stars, Pic and the solar system comet Halley form a sequence of increasing crystallinity. We nd that the abundance of SiO2 tends to increase with increasing crystallinity. This is consistent with the compositional changes expected from thermal annealing of amorphous grains in the inner regions of the disk. We conrm earlier studies that the timescale for crystallisation of silicates in disks is longer than that of coagulation. Our results indicate that the processes that governed grain processing in the proto-solar nebula, are also at work in HAEBE stars.
Asian Stamps Identification and Classification System

In this paper, we address the problem of stamp recognition. The goal is to classify a given stamp to a certain country and also identify the year it is published. We propose a new approach for stamp recognition based on describing a given stamp image using color information and texture information. For color information we use color histogram for the entire image and for texture we use two features. SIFT which is based on local feature descriptors and HOG which is a dens texture descriptor. As a result on total we have three different types of features. Our initial evaluation shows that give these information we are able to classify the images with a reasonable accuracy.
CS 229 Final Report Deep Q-Learning to Play Mario

In this paper, I study applying applying and adjusting DeepMind’s Atari Deep Q-Learning model to train an automatic agent to play the 1985 Nintendo game Super Mario Bros. The agent learns control policies from raw pixel data using deep reinforcement learning. The model is a convolutional neural network that trained through only raw frames of the game and basic info such as score and motion.
Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus aureus 4185, a Strain That Produces Aureocyclicin 4185

ABSTRACT The draft genome sequence of the aureocyclicin 4185-producing strain Staphylococcus aureus 4185 is presented. The assembly contains 2,789,721 bp and a G+C content of 32.8%. Genome analysis allowed us to determine the complete sequence of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid pRJ101 and to find another bacteriocin gene cluster encoded on the bacterial chromosome.
Pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary function testing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is commonly seen in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We sought to examine the relationship between pulmonary function tests (PFTs), including the percentage of predicted FVC (FVC%), percentage of predicted total lung capacity, percentage of predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (Dlco%), the composite physiologic index (CPI), and PH. The ability of FVC%, Dlco%, and FVC%/Dlco% ratio to predict underlying PH was assessed. METHODS Retrospective review of IPF patients seen at a tertiary referral center over an 8-year interval in whom both PFT and right-heart catheterization data were available. RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 118 patients, of whom 48 patients (40.7%) had PH. There was no correlation between measures of lung volumes or the CPI with underlying PH. There was a modest association between Dlco% and PH, with Dlco% < 30 having a twofold-higher prevalence of PH (56.4%) compared to Dlco% >/= 30 (28.6%). Cardiac dysfunction might have played a small role, since 16.1% of the patients had an associated elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. There was a trend to a higher prevalence and greater severity of PH in those patients with FVC% > 70 compared to the group with FVC% < 40. CONCLUSION PH is common in patients with IPF. There is a poor correlation between lung function measures and PH, suggesting that factors other than fibrosis may play a role in the etiology. The unexpected high prevalence and severity of PH in patients with well-maintained lung function have implications for the prognosis and management of the disease.
Synchronous buck converter modeling by a particle swarm optimization approach

This paper focuses on system modeling for a physical electronic device, named synchronous buck converter, with a simple first-order mathematical model. The modeling algorithm is based on using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) which is an optimal algorithm with evolutions. In this study, three kinds of cost functions include the integral of absolute error (IAE), integral of square error (ISE), and integral of time multiplied by the absolute error (ITAE) are well defined and they will be minimized by the proposed PSO algorithm such that the model output can approximate the real converter output. It is concluded from simulation results that the proposed method can do well in such synchronous buck converter modeling.
An Unusual Reversible Sol−Gel Transition Phenomenon in Organogels and Its Application for Enzyme Immobilization in Gelatin Membranes

An unusual phenomenon is observed for gelatin solutions (1.7−6.8%) in the microemulsion system of 0.3 M bis(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt in isooctane and 14.5% distilled water. Highly viscous gels obtained at temperatures above 30 °C become free‐flowing liquids at low temperatures (5−10 °C). This reversible temperature‐dependent sol−gel transition phenomenon is used to immobilize several enzymes, such as lipase from Candida rugosa, alcohol dehydrogenase from baker's yeast, mandelonitrile lyase from Sorghum bicolor, and horseradish peroxidase in the gelatin matrix by solubilizing the enzyme in a microemulsion‐based gelatin solution at low temperature (<5 °C) and then cross‐linking with glutaraldehyde. The enzymes retain 70−80% of their activity after immobilization and can be used in biotransformations in organic solvents without any changes in enantioselectivity. This work provides a unique low‐temperature technique for enzyme immobilization in a biocompatible gelatin matrix with a great flexibility of size and shape.
Structural and stability effects of phosphorylation: Localized structural changes in phenylalanine hydroxylase

Phosphorylation of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) at Ser16 by cAMP‐dependent protein kinase increases the basal activity of the enzyme and its resistance to tryptic proteolysis. The modeled structures of the full‐length phosphorylated and unphosphorylated enzyme were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations, and we analyzed the energy of charge–charge interactions for individual ionizable residues in the final structures. These calculations showed that the conformational changes induced by incorporation of phosphate were localized and limited mostly to the region around the phosphoserine (Arg13–Asp17) and a region around the active site in the catalytic domain that includes residues involved in the binding of the iron and the substrate L‐Phe (Arg270 and His285). The absence of a generalized conformational change was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry, thermal‐dependent circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, and limited chymotryptic proteolysis of the phosphorylated and unphosphorylated PAH. Our results explain the effect of phosphorylation of PAH on both the resistance to proteolysis specifically by trypsin‐like enzymes and on the increase in catalytic efficiency.
Improved Techniques for Estimating Signal Probabilities

The problem is presented in the context of some recent theoretical advances on a related problem, called random satisfiability. These recent results indicate the theoretical limitations inherent in the problem of computing signal probabilities. Such limitations exist even if one uses Monte Carlo techniques for estimating signal probabilities. Theoretical results indicate that any practical method devised to compute signal probabilities would have to be evaluated purely on an empirical basis. An improved algorithm is offered for estimating the signal probabilities that takes into account the first-order effects of reconvergent input leads. It is demonstrated that this algorithm is linear in the product of the size of the network and the number of inputs. Empirical evidence is given indicating the improved performance obtained using this method over the straightforward probability computations. The results are very good, and the algorithm is very fast and easy to implement. >
A novel per‐oral insulin formulation: proof of concept study in non‐diabetic subjects

Aims The aim of our study was to examine the absorption of insulin from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, using a novel oral formulation—adding a delivery agent SNAC (sodium N‐[8‐(2‐hydroxybenzoyl)amino] caprylate) in combination with insulin.
Diabetes-related utilization and costs for inpatient and outpatient services in the Veterans Administration.

OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to calculate the total number of inpatient hospitalizations, outpatient clinic visits, and total direct health care costs associated with veterans with diabetes receiving care in Veterans Administration (VA) facilities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The number of inpatient hospitalizations is tracked for years 1994-1998, and outpatient clinic visits are tracked for years 1997 and 1998. Trends in utilization across different age and racial groups, as well as total direct inpatient and outpatient costs for 1998, are presented. RESULTS -Between 1994 and 1998, hospitalization rates decreased from 1.68 to 1.61. The average number of outpatient visits was 4.5 in 1997 and 4.6 in 1998. VA incurred $214.8 million in outpatient expenditures and $1.45 billion in inpatient expenditures for veterans with diabetes receiving VA care. CONCLUSIONS -Health care delivery systems and payors track the cost and utilization of services by specific patient groups to support disease management, quality improvement, external reporting, and cost containment. Tracking the utilization and cost of diabetes care is necessary to understand the financial impact of diabetes on health care systems and the overall burden of diabetes on individuals.
On the Capacity of Fractal Wireless Networks With Direct Social Interactions

The capacity of a fractal wireless network with direct social interactions is studied in this paper. Specifically, we mathematically formulate the self-similarity of a fractal wireless network by a power-law degree distribution $ P(k) $, and we capture the connection feature between two nodes with degree $ k_{1} $ and $ k_{2} $ by a joint probability distribution $ P(k_{1},k_{2}) $. It is proved that if the source node communicates with one of its direct contacts randomly, the maximum capacity is consistent with the classical result $ \Theta\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\log n}}\right) $ achieved by Kumar \cite{Gupta2000The}. On the other hand, if the two nodes with distance $ d $ communicate according to the probability $ d^{-\beta} $, the maximum capacity can reach up to $ \Theta\left(\frac{1}{\log n}\right) $, which exhibits remarkable improvement compared with the well-known result in \cite{Gupta2000The}.