Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TriTap: Identifying Finger Touches on Smartwatches

The small screens of smartwatches provide limited space for input tasks. Finger identification is a promising technique to address this problem by associating different functions with different fingers. However, current technologies for finger identification are unavailable or unsuitable for smartwatches. To address this problem, this paper observes that normal smartwatch use takes places with a relatively static pose between the two hands. In this situation, we argue that the touch and angle profiles generated by different fingers on a standard smartwatch touch screen will differ sufficiently to support reliable identification. The viability of this idea is explored in two studies that capture touches in natural and exaggerated poses during tapping and swiping tasks. Machine learning models report accuracies of up to 93% and 98% respectively, figures that are sufficient for many common interaction tasks. Furthermore, the exaggerated poses show modest costs (in terms of time/errors) compared to the natural touches. We conclude by presenting examples and discussing how interaction designs using finger identification can be adapted to the smartwatch form factor.
Treatment with β-elemene combined with paclitaxel inhibits growth, migration, and invasion and induces apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells by activation of STAT-NF-κB pathway

In this study, we aimed to analyze the anti-cancer effects of β-elemene combined with paclitaxel for ovarian cancer. RT-qPCR, MTT assay, western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effects of combined treatment of β-elemene and paclitaxel. The in vitro results showed that β-elemene+paclitaxel treatment markedly inhibited ovarian cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion compared to either paclitaxel or β-elemene treatment alone. Results demonstrated that β-elemene+paclitaxel induced apoptosis of SKOV3 cells, down-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl gene expression and up-regulated pro-apoptotic P53 and Apaf1 gene expression in SKOV3 cells. Administration of β-elemene+paclitaxel arrested SKOV3 cell cycle at S phase and down-regulated CDK1, cyclin-B1, and P27 gene expression and apoptotic-related resistant gene expression of MDR1, LRP, and TS in SKOV3 cells. In vivo experiments showed that treatment with β-elemene+paclitaxel significantly inhibited ovarian tumor growth and prolonged the overall survival of SKOV3-bearing mice. In addition, the treatment inhibited phosphorylated STAT3 and NF-κB expression in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it inhibited migration and invasion through down-regulation of the STAT-NF-κB signaling pathway in SKOV3 cells. In conclusion, the data suggested that β-elemene+paclitaxel can inhibit ovarian cancer growth via down-regulation of the STAT3-NF-κB signaling pathway, which may be a potential therapeutic strategy for ovarian cancer therapy.
Semi-supervised learning for word sense disambiguation using parallel corpora

The Application of word sense disambiguation (WSD) methods based on supervised machine learning are limited by the difficulties in defining sense tags and acquiring labeled data for training. In this paper, the two problems of WSD are solved in a semi-supervised learning framework with the help of parallel corpora. The sense tags are defined automatically according to the results of word alignment on the parallel corpora. And label propagation, a graph-based semi-supervised algorithm, is employed. The experiments show that our method achieves great improvement on Chinese WSD tasks and the performances get significant growth when the scale of monolingual sentences is increasing.
If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The Paradoxical Effects of Hand Sanitizer during a Contamination Exposure Task

Perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, but individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations. For example, individuals may interpret their own anxiety or safety-seeking behaviors as indicators of threat. Another potential source of danger information is the mere availability of safety aids in the environment. Although assumed to be helpful, safety aids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety. The present study was designed to assess the degree to which concern-relevant safety aids exacerbate distress. Participants (N = 71) completed several self-report measures and engaged in a contamination-related behavioral avoidance task (BAT) in the presence or absence of a 2L hand sanitizer dispenser. Results showed that participants higher in trait contamination aversion and in the presence of hand sanitizer endorsed greater inferences of danger, hypervigilance, peak BAT anxiety and disgust, BAT avoidance, and urges to wash following the BAT. Theoretical and clinical implications of the paradoxical inference of danger from the presence of safety aids are discussed.
Hydrolysate Preparation with High Content of 5-Hydroxytryptophan from Liquid Egg Protein and Its Sleep-Potentiating Activity

Alcalase hydrolysis of liquid egg white was used to produce 5-hydroxytryptophan (HTP) under various conditions and investigate the sleep-potentiating activity of liquid egg white hydrolysate (LEH) on pentobarbital-induced sleep. Alcalase hydrolysis yielded the highest content of 5-HTP (13.50 μg/mL), while neutrase hydrolysis showed the lowest 5-HTP content (5.23 μg/mL). The liquid egg white to water ratio (1:1) was optimal for the production of 5-HTP with high amino-nitrogen (A-N) content and degree of hydrolysis. The 5-HTP, amino-nitrogen, and degree of hydrolysis increased until 24 h of hydrolysis and slightly increased thereafter during hydrolysis with 2% and 5% enzyme addition. 5-HTP administration at doses of 6 and 9 mg/kg significantly increased sleep duration and decreased sleep latency time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). LEH (150 mg/mouse), which was equivalent to 5-HTP at 6 mg/kg, significantly decreased sleep latency time and increased sleep duration time compared to that in the control (p<0.05). Oral administration of LEH showed sleep-potentiating effects because of 5-HTP. The sleep-potentiating activity of LEH may have occurred through 5-HTP in our pentobarbital-induced sleep model. LEH may be a valuable alternative to sleep enhancement and may be used as a sleep-potentiating agent.
Pulmonary toxicity assessment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in rats following intratracheal instillation

In this study, we have evaluated the pulmonary toxicity of intratracheally (i.t.) instilled two multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) in rats. The lungs of rats were instilled with phosphate buffered saline + 1% of Tween 80 or MWCNT or carbonyl iron or quartz particles at a dose of 0.2, 1, and 5 mg/kg b.w. Following exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected from the lungs to analyze lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lipid peroxidation products (MDA; malondialdehyde), and total microprotein (MTP) levels at 24 h, one week, one month, and three months post instillation periods. The lungs of particle exposed rats were also collected at the same intervals to evaluate for histopathology. Exposures of MWCNT and quartz particles to rats produced transient dose dependant increase in BAL fluid LDH, ALP, MDA, and MTP values than control at all post exposure periods. Results of lung histopathology revealed that exposure of MWCNT produced a dose dependant focal peribronchiolar lymphoid aggregates, foamy alveolar macrophage accumulation, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration, fibrosis and diffuse alveolar damage. In conclusion, instillation of MWCNT produced a greater pulmonary toxicity in rats and was comparable with that of quartz. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
1 A Survey on Implicit Surface

We present a new algorithm to compute a topologically and geometrically accurate triangulation of an implicit surface. Our approach uses spatial subdivision techniques to decompose a manifold implicit surface into star-shaped patches and computes a visibilty map for each patch. Based on these maps, we compute a homeo orphic and watertight triangulation as well as a parameterization of the implicit surface. Our algorithm is general and makes no assumption about the smoothness of the implicit surface. It can be easily implemented using linear programming, interval arithmetic, and ray shooting techniques. We highlight its application to many complex implicit models and boundary evaluation of CSG primitives.
Common-Mode Voltage Reduction for Matrix Converters Using All Valid Switch States

This paper presents a new space vector modulation (SVM) strategy for matrix converters to reduce the common-mode voltage (CMV). The reduction is achieved by using the switch states that connect each input phase to a different output phase, or the switch state that connects all the output phases to the input phase with minimum absolute voltage. These two types of states always produce lower peak CMV than the others, especially the former ones that result in zero CMV at the output side of matrix converters. In comparison with the existing SVM methods, this strategy has a very similar software overhead and calculation time. Simulation and experiment results are shown to validate the effectiveness of the proposed modulation method in reducing not only the peak value but also the root-mean-square value of the CMV.
SEROLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENIC FUNGI BY MEANS OF FLUORESCENT ANTIBODIES I

Kaufman, Leo (Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Ga.) and William Kaplan. Serological characterization of pathogenic fungi by means of fluorescent antibodies. I. Antigenic relationships between yeast and mycelial forms of Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis. J. Bacteriol. 85:986–991. 1963. —Four antiglobulins prepared against the yeast and mycelial forms of Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Cross-staining and adsorption techniques enabled the discernment of five antigenic factors in the fungi studied. The yeast-phase cells of H. capsulatum and B. dermatitidis contained the respective distinct antigens B and D, and a common factor E. In addition, the yeast-phase cells of these two species shared antigen C with the mycelial elements of H. capsulatum. The mycelial cells of H. capsulatum and B. dermatitidis shared antigen A with the yeast-phase cells of these two organisms and contained no distinct antigens.
A Tensor-based Technique for Structure-aware Image Inpainting

Image inpainting is an active area of study in computer graphics, computer vision and image processing. Different image inpainting algorithms have been recently proposed. Most of them have shown their efficiency with different image types. However, failure cases still exist, especially when dealing with local image variations. This paper presents an image inpainting approach based on structure layer modeling, where this latter is represented by the second-moment matrix, also known as the structure tensor. The structure layer of the image is first inpainted using the non-parametric synthesis algorithm of Wei and Levoy, then the inpainted field of second-moment matrices is used to constrain the inpainting of the image itself. Results show that using the structural information, relevant local patterns can be better inpainted comparing to the standard intensity-based approach.
Treatment of pseudofolliculitis with a pulsed infrared laser.

BACKGROUND Pseudofolliculitis barbae is a common disorder in individuals with thick, curly hairs, and treatment options are limited. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a diode laser in the treatment of pseudofolliculitis barbae. DESIGN Observational study. SETTING Laser and Skin Surgery Center of New York, New York, NY. PATIENTS Ten consecutive patients with long-standing pseudofolliculitis barbae and skin phototypes I to IV. INTERVENTIONS Treatment was performed using an 810-nm diode laser (20- to 30-millisecond pulse duration) at fluences of 30 to 40 J/cm(2). Three treatments were performed at 6- to 8-week intervals, and subjects underwent evaluation for improvement in the pseudofolliculitis and the degree of hair reduction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Patients were assessed at 6- to 8-week intervals for the degree of hair-count reduction, improvements in papule and pustule formation, and adverse effects. RESULTS Complete hair-growth delays of 3 to 8 weeks' duration were produced, and a decrease in hair density of greater than 50% was noted in all subjects 6 to 8 weeks after the last laser treatment. All patients exhibited greater than 50% improvement in the signs of pseudofolliculitis. Preexisting pigmentary changes improved with therapy. CONCLUSION Diode laser treatment is a safe and effective method for improving pseudofolliculitis barbae in patients with skin phototypes I to IV.
In vivo rat PK profiling in drug discovery: new challenges

The importance of evaluating drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) properties very early in the drug discovery process in order to reduce attrition during development is now well recognised. In this paper we illustrate an approach for PK screening that provides a range of parameters that would not be available from conventional PK profiling. In combination with an assessment of physicochemical and in vitro properties, the in vivo PK protocol described provides better mechanistic understanding of the PK behaviour of a compound or class of compounds. The higher level of interpretation and use of in vitro and in vivo data better describe the disposition properties and give an estimation of the biophase concentration of the drug, providing a clear guidance for the design of higher quality molecules. Moreover, the collection of a broader set of in vivo and in vitro PK data improves the predictability of the DMPK science and it can allow an integrated safety risk assessment.
Existence theorems for trapped modes

A two-dimensional acoustic waveguide of infinite extent described by two parallel lines contains an obstruction of fairly general shape which is symmetric about the centreline of the waveguide. It is proved that there exists at least one mode of oscillation, antisymmetric about the centreline, that corresponds to a local oscillation at a particular frequency, in the absence of excitation, which decays with distance down the waveguide away from the obstruction. Mathematically, this trapped mode is related to an eigenvalue of the Laplace operator in the waveguide. The proof makes use of an extension of the idea of the Rayleight quotient to characterize the lowest eigenvalue of a differential operator on an infinite domain.
Clinical Efficacy of Anterior Partial Corpectomy and Titanium Mesh Fusion and Internal Fixation for Treatment of Old Fracture Dislocation of the Lower Cervical Spine

Background The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features and to evaluate the efficacy of anterior partial corpectomy and titanium mesh fusion and internal fixation of old fracture dislocation of the lower cervical spine. Material/Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 52 patients with old lower cervical fracture and dislocation treated with anterior partial corpectomy and titanium mesh fusion fixation between January 2008 and December 2013, with a mean follow-up period of 4.1 years. There were 35 males and 17 females. Patient radiological data and clinical parameters were recorded and compared before and after the operations. Results The average follow-up was 4.1 years. Intervertebral height and physiological curvature were well-reconstructed for all cases. No loosening or rupturing of titanium plate or screw occurred. The neurological function of the patients with incomplete spinal cord injury was significantly improved, and the function of the nerve roots at the injury level was also improved in patients with complete spinal cord injury. Bone fusion was completed within 6 months to 1 year after surgery. Conclusions Completed decompression, sequence and physiological curvature of the cervical vertebra, immediate and long-term anterior cervical column support, and nerve function restoration can be achieved by using anterior partial corpectomy and titanium mesh fusion and internal fixation to treat old fracture dislocation of the lower cervical spine. For cases with locked facet joints or posterior structures invading the vertebral canal, the combined anterior and posterior approaches should be performed, when necessary, to achieve better results.
The Affect of Ethnic Minority People: A Prediction by Gender and Marital Status

The study aimed to investigate whether the affect (experience of feeling or emotion) of ethnic minority people can be predicted by gender and marital status. Toward this end, positive affect and negative affect of 103 adult indigenous persons were measured. Analysis of data in multiple regressions demonstrated that both gender and marital status are significantly associated with positive affect (Gender: β=.318, p<.001; Marital status: β=.201, p<.05), but not with negative affect. Results indicated that the indigenous males have 0.32 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to the indigenous females and that married individuals have 0.20 standard deviations increased positive affect as compared to their unmarried counterparts. These findings advance our understanding that gender and marital status inequalities in the experience of emotion are not specific to the mainstream society; rather it is a generalized picture of all societies. In general, men possess more positive affect than females; married persons possess more positive affect than the unmarried persons. Keywords—Positive Affect, Negative Affect, Ethnic Minority, Gender, Marital Status.
Review: what can structural classifications reveal about protein evolution?

In this article we present a review of the methods used for comparing and classifying protein structures. We discuss the hierarchies and populations of fold groups and evolutionary families in some of the major classifications and we consider some of the problems confronting any general analyses of structural evolution in protein families. We also review some more recent analyses that have expanded these classifications by identifying sequence relatives in the genomes and thereby reveal interesting trends in fold usage and recurrence.
Research on the performence of dynamic routing algorithm

On the basis of analyzing static routing algorithm and dynamic routing algorithms, this paper focus on the link state routing of the dynamic routing algorithm, puts forward a more concise routing way in the link state routing. Dijkstra routing algorithm is suitable for calculating the shortest path from one router to other routers, but there are more point-to-point links in the computer network, Floyd routing algorithm is more suitable for calculating the shortest distance between two router, and it is more practical in the computer network.
A ten-year review of the literature on the use of standardized patients in teaching and learning: 1996–2005

Background: Although there is a growing body of literature on the educational use of standardized patients (SP) in teaching and learning, there have been no reviews on their value. Objective: To determine whether the educational use of SPs has an effect on the knowledge, skills, and behaviour of learners in the health professions. Methods: English-language articles covering the period 1996–2005 were reviewed to address the issue of to what extent has the use of SPs affected the knowledge, skills and performance of learners. Out of 797 abstracts, 69 articles, which met the review criteria, were selected. An adaptation of Kirkpatrick's model was used to classify and analyse the articles. Results: Most of the learners were students in medicine and nursing. SPs were used mostly to teach communication skills and clinical skills. The study designs were case-control (29%), pre-test/post-test (24.6%), post-test only (26.1%) and qualitative studies (20.3%). Methodological issues: Most of the studies had weak research designs. More rigorous designs with control or comparison groups should be used in future research. Conclusions: Most studies reported that the educational use of SPs was valuable. More rigorous studies would support the evidence-based use of SPs in teaching and learning.
Effect of Different Dietary Probiotics on Growth, Feed Utilization and Digestive Enzymes Activities of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

A 60 days study was conducted to determine the effects of four probiotic groups,Bacillus subtilisNIOFSD017, LactobacillusplantarumNIOFSD018, a mixture containing bacterial isolates ( B. subtilisNIOFSD017 & L. plantarum NIOFSD018) and a yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeNIOFSD019 ,isolated from healthy Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticuson growth performance, feed utilization and digestive enzymes activities of Nile tilapia. Five different experimental diets were formulated. The control diet had no probiotic supplement, diets (1 -3) were formulated to contain 10 7 CFU/g diet fromBacillus subtilisNIOFSD017 (D1), LactobacillusplantarumNIOFSD018 (D2), a mixture containing bacterial isolates (B. subtilisNIOFSD017 & L.plantarumNIOFSD018) (D3), while diet (D4) was formulated to contain 10 4 CFU/g diet ofa yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae NIOFSD019. The present results showed that all the diets containing different probiotic groups significantly (p<0.05) improved Nile tilapia growth and feed utilization compared to the control diet. These probiotics with the exception of S. cerevisiaeimprovedthe fish enzyme activities of amylase, protease and lipase in the gastrointestinal tract. S.cerevisiaeshowed a significantly higher amylase activity than the fish fed control diet; however the protease and lipase activities were not affected. The presen t results recommend the incorporation of probiotics to Nile tilapia feed as supplements to stimulate fish growth and digestion.
VibeWalk: Foot-based tactons during walking and quiet stance

Comparatively little research exists on rendering vibrotactile patterns, or tactons, to the sole of the foot. However, it may be a natural placement for vibrotactile stimulation for navigation tasks, posture and gait rehabilitation. Similarly, it may be more appropriate to render general haptic feedback to the foot when such vibrations would be distracting if delivered to other body parts. This motivated our development of a custom instrumented haptic insole, which incorporates four actuators, designed to deliver vibrotactile stimulation to the foot. As an initial test, we conducted a user study measuring recognition rates of tactons rendered during quiet stance and gait. Since actuator coupling and foot sensitivity change during gait, our insole uses a proximity sensor to detect footfall, allowing for consistent triggering at a defined point in the gait cycle when the actuators should be best coupled to the sole of the foot. We found that although overall recognition while standing (>92%) is much better than while walking (>66%), the majority of errors are confined to patterns that begin with the same actuator. Our initial evaluation shows promise for application of the insole, such as for sensorimotor rehabilitation and general human-computer interaction.