Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining desmosomal plakophilin-3 interactions

Plakophilin 3 (PKP3) is a recently described armadillo protein of the desmosomal plaque, which is synthesized in simple and stratified epithelia. We investigated the localization pattern of endogenous and exogenous PKP3 and fragments thereof. The desmosomal binding properties of PKP3 were determined using yeast two-hybrid, coimmunoprecipitation and colocalization experiments. To this end, novel mouse anti-PKP3 mAbs were generated. We found that PKP3 binds all three desmogleins, desmocollin (Dsc) 3a and -3b, and possibly also Dsc1a and -2a. As such, this is the first protein interaction ever observed with a Dsc-b isoform. Moreover, we determined that PKP3 interacts with plakoglobin, desmoplakin (DP) and the epithelial keratin 18. Evidence was found for the presence of at least two DP–PKP3 interaction sites. This finding might explain how lateral DP–PKP interactions are established in the upper layers of stratified epithelia, increasing the size of the desmosome and the number of anchoring points available for keratins. Together, these results show that PKP3, whose epithelial and epidermal desmosomal expression pattern and protein interaction repertoire are broader than those of PKP1 and -2, is a unique multiprotein binding element in the basic architecture of a vast majority of epithelial desmosomes.
Method of Calculation of Instantaneous Shear Stress of Polymer Melts Extruding Through a Capillary under Vibration

A calculation method for the instantaneous shear stress of polymer melts extruding through a capillary under vibration is developed. Although directly applied to a multifunction and all-electric rheometer (MAR) designed by the authors, it is believed to be generally applied. The method of determination of each parameter's value is given. The influence of compressibility is discussed. A quantitive determination method is given to judge whether the influence of compressibility can be ignored or not. According to the magnitude range of the three terms of the shear stress formula, the gravity effect can be ignored when the polymer melt rheological behavior is studied with MAR, and the inertia effect can normally be ignored under certain conditions. Therefore, the formula can be reduced to two terms normally or to one term under certain conditions. The application example indicates that this calculation method is convenient and feasible. The instantaneous shear stress can be further analyzed by the methods that are used to analyze the nonlinear behavior in oscillatory experiments, such as Fourier-transform rheology (FT-rheology) and general stress decomposition (GSD). The further analyzed results can be related to some information of the polymer melts at high shear rate. The factors that depend on the shear rate and influence the viscoelastic properties can be studied by this method.
New Developments in Arterial Spin Labeling

Arterial Spin Labeling is a magnetic resonance method for the measurement of cerebral blood flow. The perfusion signal is usually coming from the subtraction of two successively acquired images, one with, and one without proximal labeling of arterial water spins. Over the last decade, the method has moved from the experimental laboratory to the clinical environment. Furthermore, numerous improvements, ranging from new implementations to extensive theoretical studies have broadened its reach and extended its potential applications. In this lecture, after a short introduction to the techniques generally used, the latest developments and emerging techniques that emerged from this field in the last 2-3 years will be summarized. For a more complete overview of the literature on ASL, we refer the students to a recent review article (1).
End-to-End Distortion-Based Multiuser Bandwidth Allocation for Real-Time Video Transmission Over LTE Network

Long Term Evolution (LTE) network is widely used in video transmission because of its high-speed communication capacity. In this paper, an end-to-end distortion-based bandwidth allocation method for multiusers is proposed to enhance video transmission performance of the LTE network. For an LTE network, since throughput is observed as an independent variable which can affect the packet loss ratio, and thus affect the transmission distortion, the end-to-end distortion model is first derived by taking throughput into account. Then, based on the derived end-to-end distortion model, the bandwidth allocation problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem and solved by Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The rate distortion performance of the proposed method is better than the average bandwidth allocation method under different bandwidth utilizations, and is very close to the exhaustive search-based method.
Entropy-based Algorithms for Best Basis Selection from Which We Can Estimate a L+1 2 2 L . Thus a Signal of N = 2 L Points Can Be Expanded in 2 N Diierent

9 Comparisons are always made between two adjacent generations of the binary tree. Therefore, the complexity of the search is proportional to the number of nodes in the tree, which for a vector in R N is just O(N). This complexity is dominated by the cost of calculating all coeecients for all bases in the library. This takes O(N log N) for the wavelet packet library, and O(Nlog N] 2) for the local trigonometric library. In practice, the coeecients are small: approximately 20 for wavelet packets, and approximately 1 for localized sines. The number of bases in a binary tree library may be calculated recursively. Let A L be the number of bases in a binary tree of 1 + L levels, i.e., L levels below the root or standard basis. We can combine two such trees, plus a new root, into a new tree of 2 + L levels. The two subtrees are independent, so we obtain the recursive formula A L+1 = 1 + A 2 L orthogonal bases in O(N log N) operations, and the best basis from the entire collection may be obtained in an additional O(N) operations. For voice signals and images this procedure leads to remarkable compression algorithms; see the references W2] and W3] below. The best basis method may be applied to ensembles of vectors, more like classical Karrhunen-Lo eve analysis. The so-called \energy compaction function" may be used as an information cost to compute the joint best basis over a set of random vectors. The idea is to concentrate most of the variance of the sample into a few new coordinates, to reduce the dimension of the problem and make factor analysis tractable. The algorithm and an application to recognizing faces is described in W1]. Some other libraries are known and should be mentioned. The space of frequencies can be decomposed into pairs of symmetric windows around the origin, on which a smooth partition of unity is built. This and other constructions were obtained by one of our students E. Laeng L]. Higher dimensional libraries can also be easily constructed, and there are generalizations of local trigonometric bases for certain manifolds. from ceres] in /pub/wavelets/acoustic.tex.
TRAIL Resistance in Human Glioma Death-Inducing Signaling Complex and Contributes to to theS Recruits FLIP α Heat Shock Protein 90

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that contributes to the proper folding and stability of target proteins. Because HSP90 has been suggested to interact with FLIPS, the key regulator of tumor necrosis factor-A–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)–induced apoptosis in glioma cells, we examined the role HSP90 played in controlling TRAIL response. HSP90A was found to associate with FLIPS in resting cells in a manner dependent on the ATPbinding NH2-terminal domain of HSP90A. Following TRAIL exposure, HSP90A and the client FLIPS protein were recruited to the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Short interfering RNA–mediated suppression of HSP90A did not alter the total cellular levels of FLIPS, but rather inhibited the recruitment of FLIPS and other antiapoptotic proteins such as RIP and FLIPL to the DISC, and sensitized otherwise resistant glioma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These results show that HSP90A, by localizing FLIPS to the DISC, plays a key role in the resistance of tumor cells to TRAIL, and perhaps other proapoptotic agents. The results also define a novel means of apoptotic control by a HSP90A that may in turn help explain the global antiapoptotic effects of this protein. [Cancer Res
A Study of Abrasive Rotating Velocity Effect on Monocrystalline Silicon in Ultra-Precision Mechanical Polishing via Molecular Dynamic Simulation

A three-dimensional molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is conducted to investigate the effect of the abrasive rotating velocity on monocrystalline silicon specimen by mechanical polishing at atomistic scale. By monitoring relative positions of atoms in the monocrystalline silicon specimen, the microstructure of monocrystalline silicon is clearly identified and analyzed. The simulation results show that better machined surface quality is obtained and more phase transformation atoms occur with small abrasive rotating velocity. When the abrasive rotating is high, the surface quality deteriorates and amorphous layer thickens.These results provide us an effective approach to analyze the mechanism of material deformation and the formation of the machined surface after ultra-precision polishing.
An improved radar system for inside-building awareness

Through wall imaging systems are desirable for police, first responders and military applications. Starting from successes in geological and medical applications, many researchers are applying radio frequency and other sensing modes to penetrate wall materials and make intelligent decisions about the contents of rooms and buildings. Aim of this paper is to show the feasibility of innovative systems for through-the-wall localization and tracking of humans in urban domains. In particular, innovative sensing procedures and systems are developed to see inside buildings, to find personnel inside, provide building layouts, identify weapons, shielded rooms and track human movements. To this aim, the overall system allows to estimate the presence of humans beyond the wall and to track their movement into critical environments by means of a proper static targets removal. Experimental results fully confirm the feasibility of the overall idea.
A practical method for calibrating omnidirectional cameras using LCD panel

Calibration precision of omnidirectional cameras is low because of severe distortion in the image. In this paper, we present an LCD-based method for calibrating an omnidirectional vision system with a parabolic mirror. We focus on calibration using one or more LCD displays. The calibration is implemented with a few images. Experimental results show that the reprojected error is less than half the error of the printed chessboard model. The system can be even calibrated with only one image and the parameter precision is still high. The method is economic and easy to implement.
Checking equivalence for circuits containing incompletely specified boxes

We consider the problem of checking whether an implementation which contains parts with incomplete information is equivalent to a given full specification. We study implementations which are not completely specified, but contain boxes which are associated with incompletely specified functions (called Incompletely Specified Boxes or IS-Boxes). After motivating the use of implementations with Incompletely Specified Boxes we define our notion of equivalence for this kind of implementations and present a method to solve the problem. A series of experimental results demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of the methods presented.
Chlamydia trachomatis Causes Centrosomal Defects Resulting in Chromosomal Segregation Abnormalities

Chlamydiae traffic along microtubules to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) to establish an intracellular niche within the host cell. Trafficking to the MTOC is dynein dependent although the activating and cargo‐linking function of the dynactin complex is supplanted by unknown chlamydial protein(s). We demonstrate that once localized to the MTOC, the chlamydial inclusion maintains a tight association with cellular centrosomes. This association is sustained through mitosis and leads to a significant increase in supernumerary centrosomes, abnormal spindle poles, and chromosomal segregation defects. Chlamydial infection thus can lead to chromosome instability in cells that recover from infection.
Efficient Remote Data Possession Checking in Critical Information Infrastructures

Checking data possession in networked information systems such as those related to critical infrastructures (power facilities, airports, data vaults, defense systems, etc.) is a matter of crucial importance. Remote data possession checking protocols permit to check that a remote server can access an uncorrupted file in such a way that the verifier does not need to know beforehand the entire file that is being verified. Unfortunately, current protocols only allow a limited number of successive verifications or are impractical from the computational point of view. In this paper, we present a new remote data possession checking protocol such that: 1) it allows an unlimited number of file integrity verifications; 2) its maximum running time can be chosen at set-up time and traded off against storage at the verifier.
Adaptive phase adjustment synchronization method for source voltage distortion in electric ship application

In any distributed power system where the impedance of the generator is non-negligible compared to the impedance of its nonlinear loads, the source voltage typically contains some distortion. Specifically, US Navy ship power generators experience a significant amount of voltage distortion. Since shunt active power filters (SAPFs) normally use the waveform of the source voltage for their reference generator, a significant voltage distortion can create undesired harmonics in the current reference, thus inject undesired harmonics into the line. This paper proposes a phase adjusting algorithm that is robust to source voltage distortion. Low pass filter (LPF) is utilized to suppress the distortion; phase shift caused by LPF or other factors is adaptively adjusted to zero by closed loop control. This approach can be implemented in either instantaneous reactive power theory based control or synchronous reference frame theory based control and no predictive estimations are needed for precise synchronization
Large-scale Exact Decoding: The IMS-TTT submission to WMT14

We present the IMS-TTT submission to WMT14, an experimental statistical treeto-tree machine translation system based on the multi-bottom up tree transducer including rule extraction, tuning and decoding. Thanks to input parse forests and a “no pruning” strategy during decoding, the obtained translations are competitive. The drawbacks are a restricted coverage of 70% on test data, in part due to exact input parse tree matching, and a relatively high runtime. Advantages include easy redecoding with a different weight vector, since the full translation forests can be stored after the first decoding pass.
The application of the combined corticotropin-releasing hormone plus desmopressin stimulation during petrosal sinus sampling is both sensitive and specific in differentiating patients with Cushing's disease from patients with the occult ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome.

CONTEXT Although bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) with CRH stimulation is the most accurate procedure for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS), 4-15% of patients with Cushing's disease (CD) fail to demonstrate diagnostic gradients. Preliminary data suggest that a more potent stimulation by the combined administration of CRH plus desmopressin during BIPSS may provide some diagnostic advantage. A crucial issue, however, is whether such an amplified stimulation may affect the specificity of the procedure, and this was the main aim of the present study. OBJECTIVE We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of BIPSS performed by CRH plus desmopressin stimulation. DESIGN AND SETTING A retrospective analysis was conducted at a single tertiary care center. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-four patients were admitted for the investigation of ACTH-dependent CS. CD was diagnosed in 47 patients; occult ectopic ACTH syndrome (oEAS) was histologically confirmed in seven patients. INTERVENTION(S) All patients underwent BIPSS with CRH plus desmopressin administration. Additional noninvasive tests included CRH test, high-dose dexamethasone suppression test, desmopressin test, and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Gradients of inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) to peripheral (IPS/P) ACTH were calculated before and after stimulation with CRH plus desmopressin. RESULTS The sensitivity for a basal IPS/P gradient greater than 2 was 61.7%, with 100% specificity and a diagnostic accuracy of 66.7%. After stimulation with CRH plus desmopressin, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that a cutoff gradient of more than 2 offers the best test performance. In total, 46 of 47 patients with CD had an IPS/P gradient greater than 2, but none of the patients with oEAS, resulting in a sensitivity of 97.9%. The specificity was 100%, diagnostic accuracy was 98.2%, and the positive and negative predictive values were 100 and 87.5%, respectively. A subgroup of 18 patients (16 with CD and two with oEAS) had contradictory responses to routine tests with CRH and/or high-dose dexamethasone suppression test; sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of BIPSS in this subgroup were 100%. CONCLUSIONS The application of a combined stimulation with CRH plus desmopressin during BIPSS is associated with a high sensitivity but no loss of specificity.
Previsualization Using a Computational Photography Camera

During movie production, movie directors use previsualization tools to convey the movie visuals as they see them in their minds eye. Traditional methods of previsualization include hand-drawn sketches, storyboards and still photographs. Recently, video game engines have been used for previsualization so that once the movie set is modeled, scene lighting, geometry, textures and various scene elements can be changed interactively and the effects of many potential changes can be previewed quickly. The use of video games for previsualization involves manually modeling the movie set by artists to create a digital version, which is expensive. We envision that a computational photography camera can be used for capturing images of a physical set from which a model of the scene can be automatically generated. A wide range of possible changes can be explored interactively and previewed on-set including scene geometry and textures. Since our vision is large, we focus initially on an initial prototype (a computational photography camera and previsualization algorithms), which enable scene lighting to be captured, inferred, manipulated and new lights applied (relighting). Evaluations of our light previsualization prototype shows low photometric error rates and encouraging feedback from experts.
Bacteriorhodopsin Monolayers for Optoelectronics: Orientation and Photoelectric Response on Solid Supports

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Interframe differential coding of line spectrum frequencies

Line spectrum frequencies (LSF's) uniquely represent the linear predictive coding (LPC) filter of a speech frame. In many vocoders LSF's are used to encode the LPC parameters. In this paper, an interframe differential coding scheme is presented for the LSF's. The LSF's of the current speech frame are predicted by using both the LSF's of the previous frame and some of the LSF's of the current frame. Then, the difference resulting from prediction is quantized. >
The Role of Economics in Climate Change Policy

The most important characteristic of climate change as a policy problem is uncertainty. From climatology to economics, uncertainties are pervasive, large and difficult to resolve. However, the economic theory of environmental policy under uncertainty provides a clear guide to the design of an appropriate policy. An efficient and practical approach would be a hybrid that incorporates the best features of tradable permits and emissions taxes. Unfortunately, international negotiations have taken a different approach, focusing on rigid targets and timetables for emissions reductions. The result has been the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement with no real chance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Impact of the launch of the common currency on price level dynamics of the euro area implications for a would-be member state

The aim of the paper is to empirically investigate the impact of the common currency on price level dynamics and nominal convergence process in the twelve rst-wave euro area member states. In order to extract the net euro e ect we apply a di erence-in-di erence approach to a dynamic panel model. According to the preliminary results, the launch of the euro seems to have had an anti-in ationary impact. However, the introduction of the common currency into circulation seems to have spurred some extraordinary short-run price effects (especially conspicuous in the goods sector), which in turn might have contributed to the euro illusion problem. JEL Classi cation: C23, C12, C31, E31, F33
In situ tissue engineering using magnetically guided three-dimensional cell patterning.

Manipulation of cell patterns in three dimensions in a manner that mimics natural tissue organization and function is critical for cell biological studies and likely essential for successfully regenerating tissues--especially cells with high physiological demands, such as those of the heart, liver, lungs, and articular cartilage. (1, 2) In the present study, we report on the feasibility of arranging iron oxide-labeled cells in three-dimensional hydrogels using magnetic fields. By manipulating the strength, shape, and orientation of the magnetic field and using crosslinking gradients in hydrogels, multi-directional cell arrangements can be produced in vitro and even directly in situ. We show that these ferromagnetic particles are nontoxic between 0.1 and 10 mg/mL; certain species of particles can permit or even enhance tissue formation, and these particles can be tracked using magnetic resonance imaging. Taken together, this approach can be adapted for studying basic biological processes in vitro, for general tissue engineering approaches, and for producing organized repair tissues directly in situ.