Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hermite Spectral Methods for Fractional PDEs in Unbounded Domains

Numerical approximations of fractional PDEs in unbounded domains are considered in this paper. Since their solutions decay slowly with power laws at infinity, a domain truncation approach is not effective as no transparent boundary condition is available. We develop efficient Hermite-collocation and Hermite--Galerkin methods for solving a class of fractional PDEs in unbounded domains directly, and derive corresponding error estimates. We apply these methods for solving fractional advection-diffusion equations and fractional nonlinear Schrodinger equations.
DVB‐S2 low density parity check codes with near Shannon limit performance

Low density parity check (LDPC) codes are chosen for the second generation digital video broadcasting (DVB) standard. In this paper, we review LDPC codes in general, present belief propagation decoding algorithm in simple terms, describe the standardized LDPC codes and show their performance. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heart Rate Variability and Level of Personality Functioning - A Pilot Study

In the DSM-5 manual a new dimensional system for Personality Disorders was included in section III. We aimed to pave way for a biological validation of this dimensional system by measuring base line heart rate variability (HRV) in a group of patients vs controls already assessed with the Level of Personality Funciotning Scale (LPFS). HRV is a measure of vagal tone linked to emotional regulation and is previously shown to be a good but unspecific marker of psychiatric disease, inversely correlated with the severity of disease. We examined 9 participants of which 5 were patients and 4 controls. We found significantly lower HRV in patients vs. controls and a significant correlation between level of Emotion Regulation, a sub domain of Identity in the LPFS, and HRV, with a P-value of 0,031. That the overall LPFS was not significantly correlated with HRV (P=0,075) must be seen in light of the small amount of participants. Our results indicate a correlation, but a larger and better controlled study has to be conducted to validate the LPFS properly. Prosjektoppgave ved profesjonsstudiet i medisin 2015
Zen and well-being at the workplace

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate connections between the practice of mindfulness meditation and individual and organisational well-being. Design/methodology/approach – A direct randomised study conducted on a groups of persons involved in various work activities through a programme of Zen meditation courses and a comparison between the situation of well-being found before and after taking part in the courses, assessed in the light of results obtained from a control group that had not taken part in the courses. Findings – The comparison and analysis of results showed that the group of participants taking part in the meditation training obtained a significant increase in certain indicators relating in particular to subjectively perceived well-being, as regards attention and concentration as well as in a physiological indicator measuring stress reduction. Originality/value – The study brought to the place of business a tool traditionally used almost exclusively in relation to the personal s.
Educational Expansion and Persistent Inequalities of Education: Utilizing Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Explain Increasing Participation Rates in Upper Secondary School in the Federal Republic of Germany

This investigation attempts to answer the question why more and more parents have chosen the Gymnasium for their children's secondary school education in post‐war West Germany. Based on the theory of subjective expected utility, the crucial mechanisms of parental educational decisions have been emphasized. From this perspective it is assumed that increasing educational motivation coupled with changes in the subjective evaluation of the cost–benefit of education were important conditions for an increasing participation in upper secondary schools. These were, however, in turn, the result of educational expansion. The empirical analyses for three time‐periods in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s confirm these assumptions to a large degree. Additionally, empirical evidence was found to suggest that in addition to the intentions of parents and the educational career of their children, structural moments of educational expansion and their own inertia played an important role in the pupils' transition from one educational level to the next. Finally, evidence was found that persistent class‐specific educational inequality stems from a constant balance in the relative cost–benefit advantages between social classes as well as from an increasing difference of primary origin effect between social classes in the realization of their educational choice.
Hedging effectiveness of the hedged portfolio: the expected utility maximization subject to the value-at-risk approach

Multivariate volatilities and distribution play an important role in portfolio selection and can be used to calculate the value-at-risk (VaR) of a multiple-asset financial position. This study proposes a new expected utility maximization (EUM) model that accounts for VaR (EUM model with a VaR constraint (EUM–VaR)). Additionally, using the EUM–VaR model, this study investigates the hedging effectiveness of short and long hedged portfolios constructed with multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH)-type models that feature level effects and multivariate normal and skewed distributions for stock indexes and their corresponding futures in the Greater China Region. It is found that, all else equal, portfolios constructed using the multivariate skewed distribution are far more effective in hedging than those that rely on the other distributions, and the effectiveness of hedged portfolios from the multivariate GARCH-type models with level effects outperform those without level effects. Additionally, the effectiveness of hedged portfolios from multivariate asymmetric GARCH-type models exceeds that of those from multivariate symmetric GARCH-type models. Thus, investors should select the multivariate asymmetry in volatility, multivariate asymmetry in distribution, and EUM–VaR models to construct effectively hedged portfolios. The results of this study can provide useful implications for investors looking to manage risk.
Effects of Coping on Health Outcome Among Women With Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background Studies have shown that the nature and quality of coping may positively or negatively affect health outcome; however, this relationship has not been well studied among patients with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Objectives The primary objective was to study the effect of different coping strategies on the health outcome of women with GI disorders and how these coping strategies may modify the effects of education, GI disease type, neuroticism, and abuse severity on health outcome. Methods We followed 174 patients in a referral GI clinic for 12 months to assess their health status as a derived variable of daily pain, bed disability days, psychological distress, daily dysfunction, number of visits to physicians, and number of surgeries and procedures. We obtained at baseline their GI diagnosis (functional vs. organic), neuroticism score (NEO Personality Inventory), sexual and/or physical abuse history, and scores on two coping questionnaires. Regressions analyses were used to determine the relative effect of the coping measures on health outcome and their modifying effects on education, GI disease type, neuroticism, and abuse severity. Results A higher score on the Catastrophizing scale and a lower score on the Self-Perceived Ability to Decrease Symptoms scale (Coping Strategies Questionnaire ) predicted poor health outcome. Less education, a functional GI diagnosis, a higher neuroticism score, and greater abuse severity also contributed to poor health status. However, the effect of GI disease type and neuroticism on health outcome was significantly reduced by the coping measures. Conclusions Maladaptive coping (eg, catastrophizing) and decreased self-perceived ability to decrease symptoms may adversely affect health outcome and may modify the effect of GI disease type and neuroticism on health outcome.
Class Versus Industry Cleavages: Inter-Industry Factor Mobility and the Politics of Trade

Domestic political conflict has been a constant companion to international trade, but the nature of that conflict has varied greatly in Western democracies over the last two centuries. Political battles over trade policy appear to have sometimes divided societies along broad class lines and at other times split them into narrow industry-based coalitions. I argue that this diversity stems from historical and cross-national variation in inter-industry factor mobility. Class coalitions are more likely where factor mobility is high, whereas narrow, industry-based coalitions are more likely where mobility is low. Evidence from six Western economies for the last two centuries indicates that levels of factor mobility have varied historically and cross-nationally in accord with industrialization and regulation. This variation corresponds broadly with observable differences in the formation of trade policy coalitions.
The division of labour in innovation management

Abstract The literature shows a plethora of roles in innovation management. These roles have not provided a systematic and unique pattern of relationship which can serve as an instrument of organization. An analysis of the empirical findings shows the existence of division of labour in innovation management in a multiple role concept. The concepts like ‘product champion’, ‘gatekeeper’, ‘sponsor’, ‘business innovator’, ‘technical innovator’, ‘promoter’ etc. have some elements of commonality and complementarity. Two underlying principles can be delineated: division of labour according to phases of the innovation process and according to sources of power of the incumbents. An interaction model and a process linkage model for innovation management are developed to explain the different findings. These models help to integrate these empirical concepts and serve as guidelines for possible organization of the innovation process.
A general review of entrepreneurship research (1998 to 2010): Theoretical implications, management applications and future research directions

This article reviews entrepreneurship literature published in leading entrepreneurship journals from 1998 to 2010 and classifies 359 articles into time-sequential categories according to research design specifications: research theme, methodology, and level of analysis. This review evaluates recent trends and new developments in research content, methodology, and level of analysis under key themes. A range of theories applied in entrepreneurship research have been categorized under the academic discipline and research theme. As we reviewed the literature, we built a framework of entrepreneurship research based on venture resource. This article summarizes the research methodology system, discusses subjects of analysis within entrepreneurship domains, and proposes directions for future research. Key words: Entrepreneurship, methodology, level of analysis, literature review.
Sustained unemployment in psychiatric outpatients with bipolar depression compared to major depressive disorder with comorbid borderline personality disorder

Zimmerman M, Martinez JH, Young D, Chelminski I, Dalrymple K. Sustained unemployment in psychiatric outpatients with bipolar depression compared to major depressive disorder with comorbid borderline personality disorder. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 856–862. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Analysis of the SHP2 enhancer for the use of tissue specific activation tagging in Arabidopsis thaliana

Activation tagging is a powerful tool to identify new mutants and to obtain information about possible biological functions of the overexpressed genes. The quadruple cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S enhancer fragment is a strong enhancer, which is most commonly used for this purpose. However, the constitutive nature of this enhancer may generate lethal mutations or aberrations in different plant organs by the same overexpressed gene. A tissue-specific activation tagging approach may overcome these drawbacks and may also lead more efficiently to the desired phenotype. For this reason the SHATTERPROOF2 (SHP2) promoter fragment was analysed for enhancer activity. The SHP2 gene is involved in dehiscence zone development and expressed during silique development. The aim of the experiments described here was to identify a dehiscence zone specific enhancer that could be used for tissue-specific activation tagging. The chosen SHP2 enhancer fragment was found to be expressed predominantly in the dehiscence zone and showed enhancer activity as well as ectopic expression activity. This activity was not influenced by its orientation towards the promoter and it was still functional at the largest tested distance of 2.0 kb. Based on these results, the SHP2 enhancer fragment can potentially be used in a tissue-specific activation tagging approach to identify new Arabidopsis mutants with an altered dehiscence zone formation.
Vestibular Rehabilitation

This review examines the research from 2011 through 2012 on treatment efficacy in two common vestibular disorders – vestibular hypofunction and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Recent findings Significant numbers of randomized controlled trials now support the use of specific exercises for the treatment of patients with unilateral peripheral vestibular hypofunction. We do not know if some treatment approaches are more effective than others. There is preliminary evidence that head movement may be the component critical to recovered function and decreased symptoms. Some patient characteristics and initial assessment results appear to predict treatment outcome but the evidence is incomplete. Treatment of posterior canal BPPV canalithiasis is well established. New evidence supports certain treatments for horizontal canal BPPV. Summary Treatments for unilateral vestibular hypofunction and for posterior canal BPPV are effective; however, there are many as yet unanswered questions such as why some patients with vestibular hypofunction do not improve with a course of vestibular exercises. We also do not know what would be the best treatment for anterior canal BPPV or for multiple-canal involvement BPPV.
National Health Service Boards of Directors and Governance Models

Abstract This article reports the findings of a year-long research project focused on the activity of boards of directors of twenty-two trusts from the British National Health Service (NHS). The evidence gathered through the use of semi-structured interviews, focus groups, workshops, feedback questionnaires and document analysis indicates that the behavioural dynamics of boards, affected by the dominance of the expert model, act as antecedents of their statutory functions and the implementation of different governance models. Only a portion of the boards involved has effectively incorporated in its modus operandi post-New Public Management (post-NPM) principles of governance.
Link Adaptation for High-Quality Uncompressed Video Streaming in 60-GHz Wireless Networks

The emerging 60-GHz multigigabits per second wireless technology enables the streaming of high-quality “uncompressed” video, which has been impossible with other existing wireless technologies. To support such a resource-hungry uncompressed video streaming service with limited wireless resources, it is necessary to design efficient link adaptation policies selecting suitable transmission rates for the 60-GHz wireless channel environment, thus optimizing video quality and resource management. For proper design of the link adaptation policies, we propose a new metric, called expected peak signal-to-noise ratio (ePSNR), to numerically estimate the video streaming quality. By using the ePSNR as a criterion, we propose two link adaptation policies with different objectives considering unequal error protection (UEP). The proposed link adaptation policies attempt to 1) maximize the video quality for given wireless resources, or 2) minimize the required wireless resources, while meeting the video quality. From the link adaptation policies, we provide a distributed resource management scheme for multiple users to maintain satisfactory video streaming quality. Our extensive simulation results demonstrate that the newly proposed variable, i.e., ePSNR, well represents the level of video quality. It is also shown that the proposed link adaptation policies can enhance the resource efficiency while achieving acceptable quality of the video streaming.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship of Flavonoid Analogues. 3. Inhibition of p56lck Protein Tyrosine Kinase

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies on 104 flavonoid derivatives as p56lck protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors were performed, using a large number of molecular descriptors calculated by CODESSA software. Multiple linear regression and orthogonalization of descriptors were applied to generate models for the prediction of biological activities for binding flavonoids to PTK. The obtained results demonstrate in detail the importance of electrostatic and quantum chemical descriptors for the interaction of flavonoids with the specific p56lck enzymatic active site environment. In particular, the maximal total interaction for a C-O bond is the most important factor in regression. Use of orthogonalization in regression models provides a valuable improvement for the interpretative and predictive capacity of structure-activity relationships found.
Education and ethnic minorities in Denmark

The main contribution of this paper is coding the dynamic discrete econometric model with unobserved heterogeneity of Cameron and Heckman (2001) in GAUSS and applying it to the educational choices of children of immigrants from Turkey and Pakistan as well as children of native Danes. The entire set of age-specific schooling decisions from age 15 through 20 is analyzed, taking into account all possible schooling trajectories leading to a given level of attainment. By modeling educational transitions as age-specific multinomial decisions it is possible to accommodate the institutional structure of the educational system and the effect of interruptions such as dropping out on educational attainment. The main finding of the paper is that the model, due to the generality of the specification, demands fairly large data sets to be useful in empirical research. Alternatively, a more parsimonious version of the model could be specified. The results of this paper corroborate Cameron and Heckman’s finding that the age of the child matters in determining grade transitions. The effect of family background on grade transitions is significantly different at different ages. Furthermore, counterfactual simulations to determine whether differences in family background account for the observed ethnic differences in educational attainment and to quantify the effect of individual family background characteristics on educational progression show that differences in endowments alone do not explain the educational gaps between native Danes and ethnic minorities, and that paternal income, maternal work experience and the number of siblings are particularly important determinants of educational transitions. Finally, the duration of time spent outside Denmark by the child significantly increases the probability that the child is behind in grade progression already at age 15.
Competitive Positioning among International Convention Cities in the East Asian Region

The main aim of this study is to conduct a comparative investigation into five international convention cities in East Asia, namely Seoul, Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tokyo. A total of 160 questionnaires were collected from 3 countries and used for data analyses. Of the many outcomes of the data analyses, Shanghai scored the highest on “good image of the host city,” while Beijing scored the lowest on this attribute. In respect to “safety of a city,” Hong Kong and Seoul were seen as the most favorable destinations. Additionally, respondents considered Hong Kong and Seoul to be better cities to host conventions than the other three. This article provides a useful picture of competitiveness among East Asian convention cities with many insights for practitioners.
Reducing diet and exercise training effects on resting metabolic rates in mildly obese women.

Le but de cet article est de determiner si un programme d'exercice de 45 mn marche/jogging a 60% de la VO 2 max par semaine, pendant 5 semaines, affecte le rythme metabolique de repos chez des femmes obeses qui ont un regime a 1300 Kcal. Les donnees suggerent que l'entrainement physique peut aider a contrer les faibles baisses du rythme metabolique de repos pendant un regime a 1300 Kcal, cette augmentation n'etant pas assez forte pour contrecarrer la perte de poids
Queensland teachers' new legal obligation to report child sexual abuse

Legislative amendments commencing in 2004 impose a new obligation on teachers and staff in Queensland schools to report known or suspected sexual abuse of a student by a school employee. The obligation to report this class of abuse is the first statutory obligation ever imposed on teachers in Queensland regarding the reporting of child abuse. However, when compared with the mandatory reporting legislation applying to teachers in other Australian jurisdictions, the Queensland provisions are very limited. This article examines the legislative changes and their context, compares the Queensland legislation with that in other Australian jurisdictions, and discusses the issue of whether there should be a general obligation imposed on teachers in Queensland to report all known or suspected child abuse and neglect. This discussion involves a consideration of the incidence and consequences of child abuse and neglect, the role of teachers, and arguments for and against imposing such a general obligation.
The physical activity patterns of cardiac rehabilitation program participants.

PURPOSE This investigation aimed to examine the physical activity patterns of cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) participants. METHODS The investigation enrolled 53 male and 24 female CRP participants between 46 and 88 years of age. By means of a uniaxial accelerometer (Life-Corder), the amount of physical activity (in kilocalories) and the time spent in physical activity at light (<3 metabolic equivalents [METs]), moderate (3 to 6 METs), and vigorous (>6 METs) intensity were evaluated. In addition to these variables, the MET levels for the CRP and non-CRP periods were calculated. RESULTS The weekly amount of physical activity energy expenditure averaged 1597 +/- 846 kcal/week, and the time spent in light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity averaged, respectively, 375.5 +/- 124.5 minutes, 125.2 +/- 109.4 minutes, and 5.7 +/- 12.8 minutes per week. These levels were significantly lower on non-CRP days than on CRP days: 177 +/- 113 versus 299 +/- 161 kcal/day and, respectively, 49.3 +/- 19.3 versus 59.7 +/- 19.8 minutes, 10.5 +/- 14.6 versus 26.4 +/- 20.4 minutes, and 0.4 +/- 1.7 versus 1.4 +/- 3.0 minutes per day. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the amount of physical activity was generally adequate on CRP days, but failed to reach target levels on non-CRP days. Thus CRP participants, when it is medically appropriate, should be encouraged to incorporate lifestyle physical activity, additional exercise, or both on non-CRP days to supplement their caloric expenditure from CRP exercise sessions.