Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Choice of Activity-Intensity Classification Thresholds Impacts upon Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity-Health Relationships in Children

Background It is unknown whether using different published thresholds (PTs) for classifying physical activity (PA) impacts upon activity-health relationships. This study explored whether relationships between PA (sedentary [SED], light PA [LPA], moderate PA [MPA], moderate-to-vigorous PA, vigorous PA [VPA]) and health markers differed in children when classified using three different PTs. Methods 104 children (63 girls) aged 10–14 years wore an RT3 triaxial accelerometer for seven days and measures of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk markers were taken. Results Significant associations (p< .05) in boys were found between LPA and body mass index z-score and waist circumference z-score for the Rowlands et al PT only (β = .459 and.401, respectively) and body fat% (BF%) for the Chu et al PT only (β = .322) and in girls with BF% for the Rowlands et al PT only (β = .303) and systolic BP and blood glucose for the Vanhelst et al PT only (β = −.298 and −.283, respectively). MPA was significantly (p<.05) associated with BF%, diastolic BP, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) for the Chu et al PT only in girls (β = −.436, −.529, and .446, respectively). SED was significantly (p<.05) associated with triglycerides (β = .492) for the Rowlands et al PT only in boys and VPA with CRF (p<.05) for the Rowlands et al and Vanhelst et al PTs only in girls (β = .416 and .352, respectively). Conclusions The choice of PT impacted upon activity-health relationships. A consensus on appropriate accelerometer thresholds for quantifying PA intensity and sedentary behaviour is needed in order to make accurate evidence-based recommendations for health promotion.
Sea level anomaly on the Patagonian continental shelf: Trends, annual patterns and geostrophic flows

Abstract We study the annual patterns and linear trend of satellite sea level anomaly (SLA) over the southwest South Atlantic continental shelf (SWACS) between 54ºS and 36ºS. Results show that south of 42°S the thermal steric effect explains nearly 100% of the annual amplitude of the SLA, while north of 42°S it explains less than 60%. This difference is due to the halosteric contribution. The annual wind variability plays a minor role over the whole continental shelf. The temporal linear trend in SLA ranges between 1 and 5 mm/yr (95% confidence level). The largest linear trends are found north of 39°S, at 42°S and at 50°S. We propose that in the northern region the large positive linear trends are associated with local changes in the density field caused by advective effects in response to a southward displacement of the South Atlantic High. The causes of the relative large SLA trends in two southern coastal regions are discussed as a function meridional wind stress and river discharge. Finally, we combined the annual cycle of SLA with the mean dynamic topography to estimate the absolute geostrophic velocities. This approach provides the first comprehensive description of the seasonal component of SWACS circulation based on satellite observations. The general circulation of the SWACS is northeastward with stronger/weaker geostrophic currents in austral summer/winter. At all latitudes, geostrophic velocities are larger (up to 20 cm/s) close to the shelf‐break and decrease toward the coast. This spatio‐temporal pattern is more intense north of 45°S.
Inferring Stimulus Selectivity from the Spatial Structure of Neural Network Dynamics

How are the spatial patterns of spontaneous and evoked population responses related? We study the impact of connectivity on the spatial pattern of fluctuations in the input-generated response, by comparing the distribution of evoked and intrinsically generated activity across the different units of a neural network. We develop a complementary approach to principal component analysis in which separate high-variance directions are derived for each input condition. We analyze subspace angles to compute the difference between the shapes of trajectories corresponding to different network states, and the orientation of the low-dimensional subspaces that driven trajectories occupy within the full space of neuronal activity. In addition to revealing how the spatiotemporal structure of spontaneous activity affects input-evoked responses, these methods can be used to infer input selectivity induced by network dynamics from experimentally accessible measures of spontaneous activity (e.g. from voltage- or calcium-sensitive optical imaging experiments). We conclude that the absence of a detailed spatial map of afferent inputs and cortical connectivity does not limit our ability to design spatially extended stimuli that evoke strong responses.
Promoter hypomethylation up-regulates CD147 expression through increasing Sp1 binding and associates with poor prognosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma

CD147 is a transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) which could promote HCC progression and metastasis. Promoter methylation is one of the most important processes in gene regulation. In this study, we aim to investigate CD147 promoter methylation status and the correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in HCC. CD147 promoter methylation statuses and expression levels in normal and HCC cell lines and 54 paired HCC and adjacent non‐tumour (ANT) tissues were, respectively, examined by bisulphite genomic sequencing, methylation‐specific PCR, real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The correlations of promoter methylation statuses with CD147 expression level and the clinicopathological features were statistically analysed in HCC patients. Significantly higher expression of CD147 and significantly lower promoter methylation level were observed in HCC cell lines compared to normal cell lines and tissues control. In vivo and in vitro analysis indicated that demethylation with 5‐Aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine led to increased CD147 expression through enhancing Sp1 binding affinity, and methylation with methyltransferase reduced CD147 transcriptional activity through interfering Sp1 binding. CD147 promoter methylation level in HCC tissues (22.22%) was lower than that in ANT tissues (46.30%; P < 0.05). Within HCC tissues, a significant inverse correlation was observed between CD147 expression and methylation level (r=−0.615). Moreover, HCC patients with unmethylated CD147 promoter had a significantly higher recurrence rate (88.1%versus 58.3%; P < 0.05) and death rate (83.3%versus 50.0%; P < 0.05) than patients with methylated CD147 promoter. In conclusions, promoter hypomethylation up‐regulates CD147 expression primarily through increasing Sp1 binding and associates with poor prognosis in HCC patients.
Intrusion Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks using Genetic Algorithm

Wireless sensor networks, due to the characteristics of sensors such as wireless communication channels, the lack of infrastructure and targeted threats, are very vulnerable to the various attacks. Routing attacks on the networks, where a malicious node from sending data to the base station is perceived. In this article, a method that can be used to transfer the data securely to prevent attacks is suggested. The selection based on optimal path by routing using genetic algorithm uses. The proposed optimal paths to transmit data perceived to have chosen and ensures reliable data transmission.
Effects of the active release technique on pain and range of motion of patients with chronic neck pain

[Purpose] To compare the influences of the active release technique (ART) and joint mobilization (JM) on the visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and neck range of motion (ROM) of patients with chronic neck pain. [Subjects] Twenty-four individuals with chronic neck pain were randomly and equally assigned to 3 groups: an ART group, a joint mobilization (JM) group, and a control group. Before and after the intervention, the degree of pain, PPT, and ROM of the neck were measured using a VAS, algometer, and goniometer, respectively. [Results] The ART group and JM group demonstrated significant changes in VAS and ROM between pre and post-intervention, while no significant change was observed in the control group. Significant differences in the PPT of all muscles were found in the ART group, while significant differences in all muscles other than the trapezius were found in the JM group. No significant difference in PPT was observed in any muscle of the control group. The posthoc test indicated no statistically significant difference between the ART and JM group, but the differences of variation in VAS, PPT, and ROM were greater in the ART group than in the JM and control groups. [Conclusion] ART for the treatment of chronic neck pain may be beneficial for neck pain and movement.
Emotion processing: relevance to psychotic-like symptoms

86 4.1 Psychotic-like experiences 87 4.2 Emotion regulation and negative affect 88 4.3 Negative affect influencing psychosis and PLE 89 4.4 Emotion regulation and PLE 92 4.5 Method 93 4.5.1 Participants 93 4.5.2 Materials 93 vii 4.6 Results 96 4.6. 1 PSQ (PLE prevalence) 96 4.6. 2 Demographics and ER, negative affect, and PLE 98 4.6. 3 Factor analysis 100 4.6. 4 Establishing the measurement models using confirmatory factor Analysis 101 4.6. 4.1 Full measurement model 101 4.6. 5 Structural Equation Modelling Predicting PSQ with the quadripartite model of the DASS 103 4.6. 6 ERQ PLE model (direct effects) 104 4.6. 7 Full ERQ, DASS quadripartite, PLE model 104 4.7 Discussion 106 4.7. 1 Negative affect and PLE 106 4.7. 2 ER and negative affect 108 4.7. 3 Emotion regulation and PSQ 109 4.8 References 113 Chapter 5: General Discussion 128 5.1 Chapter 2 128 5.2 Chapter 3 129 5.3 Chapter 4 130 5.4 Negative affect, emotion processing problems: relevance to PLE? 131 5.5 Limitations 132 5.6 Areas for future research 133 5.7 References 135 5.8 Appendices and supplementary materials 138
On the formal equivalence of the TAP and thermodynamic methods in the SK model

We revisit two classic Thouless–Anderson–Palmer (TAP) studies of the Sherrington–Kirkpatrick model (Bray A J and Moore M A 1980 J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 13 L469; De Dominicis C and Young A P 1983 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 16 2063). By using the Becchi–Rouet–Stora–Tyutin (BRST) supersymmetry, we prove the general equivalence of TAP and replica partition functions, and show that the annealed calculation of the TAP complexity is formally identical to the quenched thermodynamic calculation of the free energy at one step level of replica symmetry breaking. The complexity we obtain by means of the BRST symmetry turns out to be considerably smaller than the previous non-symmetric value.
Regulation of leaf hydraulics: from molecular to whole plant levels

The water status of plant leaves is dependent on both stomatal regulation and water supply from the vasculature to inner tissues. The present review addresses the multiple physiological and mechanistic facets of the latter process. Inner leaf tissues contribute to at least a third of the whole resistance to water flow within the plant. Physiological studies indicated that leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) is highly dependent on the anatomy, development and age of the leaf and can vary rapidly in response to physiological or environmental factors such as leaf hydration, light, temperature, or nutrient supply. Differences in venation pattern provide a basis for variations in Kleaf during development and between species. On a short time (hour) scale, the hydraulic resistance of the vessels can be influenced by transpiration-induced cavitations, wall collapses, and changes in xylem sap composition. The extravascular compartment includes all living tissues (xylem parenchyma, bundle sheath, and mesophyll) that transport water from xylem vessels to substomatal chambers. Pharmacological inhibition and reverse genetics studies have shown that this compartment involves water channel proteins called aquaporins (AQPs) that facilitate water transport across cell membranes. In many plant species, AQPs are present in all leaf tissues with a preferential expression in the vascular bundles. The various mechanisms that allow adjustment of Kleaf to specific environmental conditions include transcriptional regulation of AQPs and changes in their abundance, trafficking, and intrinsic activity. Finally, the hydraulics of inner leaf tissues can have a strong impact on the dynamic responses of leaf water potential and stomata, and as a consequence on plant carbon economy and leaf expansion growth. The manipulation of these functions could help optimize the entire plant performance and its adaptation to extreme conditions over short and long time scales.
LiveDM : Temporal Mapping of Dynamic Kernel Memory for Dynamic Kernel Malware Analysis and Debugging

Dynamic kernel memory is difficult to analyze due to its volatile status; numer ous kernel objects are frequently allocated or freed in a kernel’s heap, and their data types are missing in the m emory systems of current commodity operating systems. Since the majority of kernel data is stored dynamically, this memory has been a favorite target of many malicious software and kernel bugs. In order to analyze dynam ic kernel memory, a global technique that systematically translates a given memory address into a data type is essential. Previous approaches had a limited focus in the analysis of either a malware’ s ex cution or a snapshot of kernel memory. We present here a new memory interpretation system called Live DM that can automatically translate dynamic kernel memory addresses into data types. 1 This system enables the accurate memory analysis of the entire kernel execution, ranging from malware activity to legitimate kernel co de execution, over a period of time beyond the instant of a snapshot by using these two novel techniques. ( 1) The system identifies an individual dynamic kernel object with its systematically-determined runtime identifier tha t points to the code where the object is allocated. (2) The data type then can be automatically extracted from the cod e using static code analysis offline. We have implemented a prototype of LiveDM that supports three Linux kern els where LiveDM dynamically tracks tens of thousands of dynamic kernel memory objects that can be ccurately translated into data types in the offline process. We have evaluated and validated its general applicab ility nd effectiveness in extensive case studies of kernel malware analysis and kernel debugging.
Cost-minimizing distributed algorithm for managing renewable-integrated power grids

We investigate the problem of power balancing in a general renewable-integrated power grid with storage and flexible loads. We consider a power grid that is supplied by one conventional generator (CG) and multiple renewable generators (RGs) each co-located with storage, and is additionally connected with external markets. An aggregator operates the power grid and aims at minimizing the long-term system cost. We propose a distributed real-time power balancing solution, taking into account the uncertainty of the renewable generation, loads, and energy prices. We demonstrate that our proposed algorithm is asymptotically optimal as the storage capacity increases and the CG ramping constraint loosens. The distributed implementation enjoys a fast convergence rate and enables each RG and the aggregator to make their own decisions.
Curricular Impact on Learning Approaches and Critical Thinking Skills of Medical Students

Objectives: This investigation focused on finding the changes in learning approaches of students’ while experiencing physiology curriculum and to explore the reflection of changes if any, on their critical thinking skills. Methods: In this longitudinal study, information on students’ learning approaches was obtained using the revised two factor study process questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) at the commencement (pre-test) and completion (post-test) of first year MBBS course. The total score and the scores obtained in the critical thinking questions in four physiology assessments were analysed. Pre and post-tests scores in R-SPQ-2F and assessment scores were compared using independent samples t-test and one way repeated measure ANOVA respectively. Correlation of scores between assessments was done using Pearson correlation. A p value < 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: A significant increase in students’ deep learning approach at the completion of the physiology curriculum when compared to commencement (p < 0.001) was observed. A progressive improvement in their scores as they experienced the curriculum was also noticed. A moderate correlation among critical thinking questions scores and a strong correlation between critical thinking questions and total essay scores were also recorded. Conclusion: The study revealed improvement in students’ deep approach to learning in physiology which was reflected in their performance in critical thinking questions.
Venous Thromboembolism Safety Toolkit: A Systems Approach to Patient Safety

The current culture in health care is focused on patient safety and on delivering quality health care across the continuum of care. However, a culture of safety by itself cannot create change within an organization. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) requires coordination of care across multiple providers supported by a system that assists in the process of delivering and tracking outcomes of care. In this paper, we describe the implementation and use of safe practice interventions for patients who have been diagnosed with VTE or are at risk for VTE. In particular, we describe the use of the evidence-based, system-supported, interactive VTE Safety Toolkit—which includes diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic algorithms—and the On-line Provider Training Module on VTE Prophylaxis, which is a mandatory Web-based VTE educational intervention for all providers. We describe how organizations and providers can use the VTE Safety Toolkit and On-line Provider Training Module on VTE Prophylaxis to identify business process that can be changed and create a mechanism to track provider and system performance and thereby improve patient safety and accountability around VTE.
A Sketch-Based Approach for Interactive Organization of Video Clips

With the rapid growth of video resources, techniques for efficient organization of video clips are becoming appealing in the multimedia domain. In this article, a sketch-based approach is proposed to intuitively organize video clips by: (1) enhancing their narrations using sketch annotations and (2) structurizing the organization process by gesture-based free-form sketching on touch devices. There are two main contributions of this work. The first is a sketch graph, a novel representation for the narrative structure of video clips to facilitate content organization. The second is a method to perform context-aware sketch recommendation scalable to large video collections, enabling common users to easily organize sketch annotations. A prototype system integrating the proposed approach was evaluated on the basis of five different aspects concerning its performance and usability. Two sketch searching experiments showed that the proposed context-aware sketch recommendation outperforms, in terms of accuracy and scalability, two state-of-the-art sketch searching methods. Moreover, a user study showed that the sketch graph is consistently preferred over traditional representations such as keywords and keyframes. The second user study showed that the proposed approach is applicable in those scenarios where the video annotator and organizer were the same person. The third user study showed that, for video content organization, using sketch graph users took on average 1/3 less time than using a mass-market tool Movie Maker and took on average 1/4 less time than using a state-of-the-art sketch alternative. These results demonstrated that the proposed sketch graph approach is a promising video organization tool.
Equalizing the Structures of Web Communities in Ontology Development Tools

In this paper we face some relevant issues on the relations between web communities and ontologies. We build an operator that constructs a weak Web Community, according to the definition given in [16],starting from a seed of web sites. The necessity of such an operator is derived from a problem arisen in the model developed in [3], in which some relevant concepts in automotive oriented ontology were not given a corresponding Web community. This fact –if not considered- can bring automatic ontology development ([9,18]) to some non-correct results. In this work we define and analyze a new operator, called Com, with the tools furnished by the method of parametrization ([8,15]) and we find that, given a seed S and the induced graph I(S), the community generated by our operator is monotonic with respect to clustering and is denser than the original graph I(S).
Identification of a Novel p.Q1772X ANK1 Mutation in a Korean Family with Hereditary Spherocytosis

Hereditary spherocytosis (HS), a common form of inherited hemolytic anemia, is a heterogeneous group of disorders with regard to clinical severity, protein defects, and mode of inheritance. Causal mutations in at least five genes have been reported so far. Because multiple genes have been associated with HS, clinical genetic testing that relies on direct sequencing will be a challenge. In this study, we used whole exome sequencing to identify a novel nonsense mutation in ANK1 (p.Q1772X, NM_020476) that resulted in a truncated protein in a Korean patient with HS. Sanger sequencing confirmed the two affected individuals in the patient’s family were heterozygous for the mutation. This is the first report of a Korean family that carries an ANK1 mutation responsible for HS. Our results demonstrate that next generation sequencing is a powerful approach for rapidly determining the genetic etiology of HS.
DECA: Development Emails Content Analyzer

Written development discussions occurring over different communication means (e.g. issue trackers, development mailing lists, or IRC chats) represent a precious source of information for developers, as well as for researchers interested to build recommender systems. Such discussions contain text having different purposes, e.g. discussing feature requests, bugs to fix etc. In this context, the manual classification or filtering of such discussions in according to their purpose would be a daunting and time-consuming task. In this demo we present DECA (Development Emails Content Analyzer), a tool which uses Natural Language Parsing to classify the content of development emails according to their purpose, solution proposal, information giving, etc.), identifying email fragments that can be used for specific maintenance tasks. We applied DECA on the discussions occurring on the development mailing lists related to Qt and Ubuntu projects. The results highlight a high precision (90%) and recall (70%) of DECA in classifying email content providing useful information to developers interested in accomplishing specific development tasks. Demo URL: https://youtu.be/FmwBuBaW6Sk Demo Web Page: http://www.ifi. uzh.ch/seal/people/panichella/tools/DECA.html