Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"Don't Ask, Don't Tell": The Academic Climate for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Faculty in Science and Engineering

In the present study, fourteen science and engineering faculty members who identified as lesbian or gay at two research universities described the workplace climate for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) faculty, the role pressures and choices they face, and the effects of the climate on their work performance and careers. While some faculty describe overt hostility toward them, invisibility, interpersonal discomfort, and pressure to "cover" their sexuality are much more pervasive, as is a felt obligation to be supportive to LGBT students and junior colleagues. Based on our analyses of the interview data, we propose a model of the career consequences of the academic work environment for sexual minority faculty in science and engineering. We conclude by recommending specific future research and suggesting institutional actions that can be taken to make campus climates more affirming for LGBT faculty in science and engineering, and other disciplines.
Business-Society Relations in Central-Eastern and Western Europe: How Those Who Lead in Sustainability Reporting Bridge the Gap in Corporate (Social) Responsibility

Summary In Western Europe, corporate (social) responsibility (CR) has become a popular concept that no major company can afford to ignore. However, what about the major companies from the new Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) Member States? The present paper is one of the first attempts to analyse the understanding and relevance of the CR of some major CEE companies that are leaders in sustainability reporting. This analysis is conducted in direct comparison with a similar analysis on major Western European companies. Methodologically, the paper intertwines two qualitative strands of research: an analysis of 19 CR reports (12 from CEE and 7 from Western Europe) provides a general impression about the understanding of CR across different socio-political contexts. This report-based depiction is complemented by two surveys of 22 companies (11 from CEE and 11 from Western Europe). The surveys show the relevance that the companies attach to specific CR issues. Overall, the paper concludes that the understanding of CR is context-specific, but also that, in the case of major companies that are leading in CR reporting, the differences are not as stark as one might expect.
Stochastic modeling of time series radar interferometry

Quality description and evaluation of InSAR results is hampered by the fact that the model to derive parameters from the observations is usually underdetermined. Only using strong, often rather qualitative, assumptions it is possible to reach unique solutions. One of the most prominent assumptions is that phase ambiguity resolution can be treated as a deterministic problem. In this study, a model formulation is presented that captures the majority of the assumptions in a mathematical sense, allowing for adjustment, testing procedures and formal error propagation. The influence of stochastic ambiguity resolution to the probability distribution of the estimated parameters is shown.
Protective Effects of Baccharis dracunculifolia Leaves Extract against Carbon Tetrachloride- and Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Experimental Animals

In this work we investigated the in vivo protective effects of Baccharis dracunculifolia leaves extract (BdE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant DPPH radical scavenging activity, and HPLC analysis were performed. Our results showed that pretreatment with BdE significantly reduced the damage caused by CCl4 and APAP on the serum markers of hepatic injury, AST, ALT, and ALP. Results were confirmed by histopathological analysis. Phytochemical analysis, performed by HPLC, showed that BdE was rich in p-coumaric acid derivatives, caffeoylquinic acids and flavonoids. BdE also showed DPPH antioxidant activity (EC50 of 15.75 ± 0.43 μg/mL), and high total phenolic (142.90 ± 0.77 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (51.47 ± 0.60 mg RE/g) contents. This study indicated that B. dracunculifolia leaves extract has relevant in vivo hepatoprotective properties.
Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 1-aryltriazenes with arylboronic acids catalyzed by a recyclable polymer-supported N-heterocyclic carbene–palladium complex catalyst

Summary The Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 1-aryltriazenes with arylboronic acids catalyzed by a recyclable polymer-supported Pd–NHC complex catalyst has been realized for the first time. The polymer-supported catalyst can be re-used several times still retaining high activity for this transformation. Various aryltriazenes were investigated as electrophilic substrates at room temperature to give biaryls in good to excellent yields and showed good chemoselectivity over aryl halides in the reactions.
Inquiry teaching, constructivist instruction and effective pedagogy

Anton Lawson is a well-respected science educator working in the United States (US). In entitling his book Teaching inquiry science, Lawson is presumably aware that he will be seen as positioning himself within a major academic debate about what makes for effective pedagogy – a debate that seems to be especially active in the US. This is an ongoing argument between proponents of what is often labelled ‘constructivist’ teaching, and what has become known as ‘direct’ instruction. Such labels mean different things to different people, and indeed those who argue for direct instruction sometimes seem to equate and conflate a range of perspectives and approaches as the target for their criticism – such as constructivist teaching, inquiry learning, discovery learning and student-centred approaches. That is a debate about the nature of effective school teaching and the kind of pedagogy that should be officially endorsed by policy-makers. Put very simply, direct instruction means teachers telling students the things they need to know, and the supporters of direct instruction are critical of approaches that involve students being left by teachers to find things out for themselves. Science education has become a focus of this debate for a number of reasons. Science concepts often make useful contexts for exploring learning and conceptual development – so there is a good deal of research about learning science undertaken by psychologists and other cognitive scientists. However, it is also significant that constructivism has been widely adopted internationally within science education as a fundamental perspective on teaching and learning. Inquiry-based science teaching, generally characterised as being a constructivist pedagogy, has become a major and officially endorsed approach in US schools. Lawson’s book needs to be considered against this background. Teaching inquiry science is aimed at science teacher education, primarily for those who will be teaching in grades 7 through 12 in the US. The US ‘National Standards’ set out a framework for what science should be taught in schools – a kind of national curriculum document – and this makes much reference to science as inquiry. So in writing a book to support science teacher education, Lawson could not easily have avoided the issue of inquiry – it is expected that children are taught about science as being a process of inquiry at heart.
(E)-Methyl N′-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarboxylate at 123 K

In the title molecule, C9H10N2O3, the hydrazinecarboxylic acid mean plane and the benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 11.1 (1)°. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains extending along the b axis. An intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond is also present.
Sentencing Trends in Britain

Research on public opinion over the past three decades has consistently established that the British public are critical of sentencers, and that this criticism exists independent of crime trends and even dramatic changes in criminal justice policies. This finding points to the possibilities that the findings are an artefact of the approach used by these surveys or that public opinion is formed in ignorance of actual practice. The 1996 British Crime Survey (BCS) contained a section of questions designed to test these hypotheses. Respondents were asked a series of questions about their knowledge of, as well as attitudes towards, sentencing practice and sentencers. Results indicate that judges received significantly more negative evaluations than any other group of criminal justice professionals. The public systematically under-estimate the severity of sentencing patterns, and this is significantly related to attitudes to sentencers. When asked to provide a sentence in a specific case of burglary, members of the public favoured sentences that were on balance little different from, and if anything more lenient than, current sentencing practice. Discussion focuses on the policy implications of these findings, as well as their relation to research in other jurisdictions.
CONSTRUÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA DA PROFESSORA DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL

Is an article that seeks to understand how the Physical Education teacher builds their identities, relational considering the experiences lived by it with the organization of the institution where he works, with adult subjects and children, in the context of infant education. We built a narrative analysis of a physical education teacher at work in early infant education, seeking to work with some concepts from the field of professional socialization. We discuss the teacher’s identities as a constituent of the possible identities of the subject in the professional field, which shows that multiple belongings subject to familiar fields, political, social, and professional.
CORRECT: Code reviewer recommendation at GitHub for Vendasta technologies

Peer code review locates common coding standard violations and simple logical errors in the early phases of software development, and thus, reduces overall cost. Unfortunately, at GitHub, identifying an appropriate code reviewer for a pull request is challenging given that reliable information for reviewer identification is often not readily available. In this paper, we propose a code reviewer recommendation tool-CORRECT-that considers not only the relevant cross-project work experience (e.g., external library experience) of a developer but also her experience in certain specialized technologies (e.g., Google App Engine) associated with a pull request for determining her expertise as a potential code reviewer. We design our tool using client-server architecture, and then package the solution as a Google Chrome plug-in. Once the developer initiates a new pull request at GitHub, our tool automatically analyzes the request, mines two relevant histories, and then returns a ranked list of appropriate code reviewers for the request within the browser's context. Demo: https://www.youtube. com/watch? v=rXU1wTD6QQ0.
Classroom Encounters with the Unspeakable: "Do You See, Danelle?".

This analysis of a sequence of grammar instruction in a fifth grade classroom addresses the following question: How are the familiar instructional objects called problems, answers, errors, and solutions made visible to the cohort? Summed as the “visibility of instruction,” the question is warranted by a round of instruction in which producing the visibility of an actual problem, error, and solution is the teacher's actual, practical task. In the course of pursuing it, she reveals to us the work and resources of leading her students to “see” the board. Outstanding among those resources is what I will call an “essential instructional fiction. ” Not only is this fiction essential to the coherence of the lesson in hand, “essential fictions” may hold relevance for teaching contexts, broadly conceived.
Embarrassment: The ingroup–outgroup audience effect in faux pas situations

Embarrassment arises when we reveal an apparent flaw of the self in front of others, for instance, in a faux pas situation. An audience is crucial for embarrassment, but the group membership of the audience has not yet been studied. According to the social identity approach, we assign more importance to evaluations by ingroup than by outgroup members, particularly when we identify highly, and the outgroup is of lower status. A pilot study (N = 30) showed that embarrassment correlated positively with group membership of the audience and with identification. Studies 1 to 3 presented participants with several faux pas scenarios. In Study 1 (between-participants design; N = 75), participants reported higher embarrassment in ingroup (Norwegian) and equal-status outgroup (Swedish) conditions than in a lower-status outgroup condition (Polish). In Study 2 (within-participants design; N = 135), participants reported higher embarrassment when they imagined the audience to be other Scots (ingroup) than Americans or Poles (outgroups), particularly when they perceived the outgroup to be lower in status. In Study 3 (between-participants design; N = 59), high identifiers but not low identifiers showed the expected ingroup–outgroup audience effect. Implications for intergroup relations are discussed. Key Message: Embarrassment following faux pas situations depends on the group membership of the audience, relative status of the audience and ingroup identification. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating the translational and rotational motion of the swing using accelerometers for athlete skill assessment

In this paper, an accelerometer measurement system comprising three accelerometer nodes was used to identify the correlation between the skill level and the characteristics of the first serve swing in tennis. Three MEMS accelerometers were mounted on the knee, leg, and wrist of the tennis players. The kinematic model for the first serve was observed. Furthermore, this study revealed that side-forward motion of the hand along with the forward motion of the waist of an athlete can be used as indicator to assess the athlete's skill level. It is envisaged that this application can provide feedback to tennis players.
Dynamic language model adaptation using variational Bayes inference

We propose an unsupervised dynamic language model (LM) adaptation framework using long-distance latent topic mixtures. The framework employs the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model (LDA) which models the latent topics of a document collection in an unsupervised and Bayesian fashion. In the LDA model, each word is modeled as a mixture of latent topics. Varying topics within a context can be modeled by re-sampling the mixture weights of the latent topics from a prior Dirichlet distribution. The model can be trained using the variational Bayes Expectation Maximization algorithm. During decoding, mixture weights of the latent topics are adapted dynamically using the hypotheses of previously decoded utterances. In our work, the LDA model is combined with the trigram language model using linear interpolation. We evaluated the approach on the CCTV episode of the RT04 Mandarin Broadcast News test set. Results show that the proposed approach reduces the perplexity by up to 15.4% relative and the character error rate by 4.9% relative depending on the size and setup of the training set.
Moral reasoning, classroom behavior, and sociometric status among elementary school children.

Relations among moral reasoning, classroom behavior, and sociometric status were investigated in a sample of 133 2nd and 3rd graders. It was hypothesized that hedonistic and needs-oriented moral reasoning, 2 forms of L. Kohlberg's (1984) Stage 2 moral reasoning, would be differentially related to teachers' ratings of classroom behavior and to sociometric status. Among boys, hedonistic moral reasoning was associated with the lack of social competencies, acting-out behavior, and low social preference. In addition to influencing sociometric status indirectly through social behavior, moral reasoning was found to explain variance in sociometric status not accounted for by either acting-out or social competencies
Online camera pose estimation in partially known and dynamic scenes

One of the key requirements of augmented reality systems is a robust real-time camera pose estimation. In this paper we present a robust approach, which does neither depend on offline pre-processing steps nor on pre-knowledge of the entire target scene. The connection between the real and the virtual world is made by a given CAD model of one object in the scene. However, the model is only needed for initialization. A line model is created out of the object rendered from a given camera pose and registrated onto the image gradient for finding the initial pose. In the tracking phase, the camera is not restricted to the modeled part of the scene anymore. The scene structure is recovered automatically during tracking. Point features are detected in the images and tracked from frame to frame using a brightness invariant template matching algorithm. Several template patches are extracted from different levels of an image pyramid and are used to make the 2D feature tracking capable for large changes in scale. Occlusion is detected already on the 2D feature tracking level. The features' 3D locations are roughly initialized by linear triangulation and then refined recursively over time using techniques of the Extended Kalman Filter framework. A quality manager handles the influence of a feature on the estimation of the camera pose. As structure and pose recovery are always performed under uncertainty, statistical methods for estimating and propagating uncertainty have been incorporated consequently into both processes. Finally, validation results on synthetic as well as on real video sequences are presented.
The Effect of Cooperative Gaming Techniques on Teacher Confidence toward At-Risk Students

he American educational system is faced with many challenges as it prepares the students of today to become leaders of tomorrow. This daunting Deutsch (1949) theorized that there were only task is even more complex given the fact that America three ways to interact: cooperate, compete, or withhas moved from an industrial society, requiring basic draw, By choosing to cooperate, compete, or witheducation, into the information age where students draw, a person was engaging in social interdepenmust be able to critically think, synthesize data, and dence. Social interdependence exists when one’s outgenerate defensible opincomes are affected by the ions. All this comes at a actions of others (Johnson time when more attention At-riskyouth who, by definition, are kkeb &Johnson, 1989). The work of Deutsch to experience low self-esteem und failure are and David and Roger is being paid to the inadequacies of the educational system than its successes. forced to learn by the very forces that make Johnson redefined the terms of the social interdethem at-risk: competition and pendence theory. These Of late, many states have attempted to deal with school system inadequaoppositional interaction. researchers chose positive cies by blaming the stuResponses to aggression and violence
The Effects of the Extended Foreign Language Programs on Spanish-Language Proficiency and Academic Achievement in English

This study was conducted to explore the effects of a two-way immersion bilingual program on maintenance/acquisition of Spanish-language proficiency and on reading and mathematics achievement in English over a period of 4 academic years. The researchers used Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) techniques to compare the effects of two different program models on Spanish-language proficiency of participating students from Spanish- and non-Spanish-language backgrounds. In addition, they employed multivariate matching algorithms to construct a comparison group of schools and students that matched program students academically and demographically and then used HLM methods to compare academic achievement in reading and mathematics of students in program and comparison groups. The researchers found that students in the program model that offered Spanish instruction in language arts and one content area performed better in reading comprehension in Spanish than students in the program model that offered only Spanish language arts instruction. The researchers also found that program students exhibited achievement levels in reading and mathematics that were on par with or higher than those of demographically and academically similar students not in the program. In addition, the researchers determined and that average annual learning rates in both academic disciplines were similar for program and comparison students.
Characteristics Influencing the Visual Analysis of Single-Subject Data: An Empirical Analysis

A study explored various graphic characteristics associated with the visual analysis of single-subject data. A sample of 20 rehabilitation therapists used visual analysis to rate 24 graphs of data sets using a traditional baseline/treatment (AB) format. Using the intraclass correlation approach, the authors assessed the interrater reliability and found that it ranged from . 52 to . 66 for each graph. Data analysis revealed that the graphic characteristics of level and mean shift were associated with consistent judgments across the raters, and that changes in slope across the two phases of a graph were associated with substantial rater disagreement. The authors discuss the implications of using visual and statistical procedures to analyze single-subject data, and argue that quantitative adjuncts to visual analysis may facilitate the reliable interpretation of graphed data for a single subject.
Multi-Camera System Using Pc-Cluster for Real-Time 3-D Pose Estimation

Tracking an object in three dimensional space is a major issue in computer vision which is normally solved through the extraction of representative features of the object. Two-dimenston coordinates of the series of these image features are used to compute the position of the object. A typical system uses a binocular stereovision system. For an environment with obstruction, two cameras only are not practical, multiple cameras are used instead. When multiple cameras are used, a certain similarity measure among extracted features from any two stereoscopic images helps to match the correspondences. In this way, a three-dimensional measurement can be obtained from the 2-D coordinates of the feafures extracted from the different cameras. In this paper, a multiple cameras system (four cameras) and PC-cluster (two microcomputers) are used for estimating both position and velocity of a specified moving object. Noise filtering and features extraction of images are performed in the PC-cluster at video rate. Then, the extracted f'eatures from every camera are used to locate the object. This is done in the main computer. A synchronization mechanism between computers has been developed using PCI-Io-PCI data movers with fiber optic connection. We propose a modified distortion model of Zhang's calibration method to reduce the computation time in the 3-D reconstruction process. In our experiments, we set up the system to track 3-D paths which are generated by the PAIO robotic arm. The results show that the system can track both position and velocity of a moving object in real-time with acceptable accuracy. Moreover, we show that the system can be adapted to be used for the reverse engineering applications.
High efficiency compact Bragg sensor

We propose a highly efficient compact sensor that is based on Bragg gratings. The high efficiency represent the coupling power to the grating waveguide. We achieved high coupling efficiency approaching 50% with relatively small dimensions. The design is characterized by its easy fabrication techniques due to the reliable dimensions, this in turn can help in having it being integrated with other electronic components on the same chip. Also, this coupler has the potential to be used as a chemical sensor.