Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Conjugative DNA Translocase TrwB Is a Structure-specific DNA-binding Protein*

TrwB is a DNA-dependent ATPase involved in DNA transport during bacterial conjugation. The protein presents structural similarity to hexameric molecular motors such as F1-ATPase, FtsK, or ring helicases, suggesting that TrwB also operates as a motor, using energy released from ATP hydrolysis to pump single-stranded DNA through its central channel. In this work, we have carried out an extensive analysis with various DNA substrates to determine the preferred substrate for TrwB. Oligonucleotides with G-rich sequences forming G4 DNA structures were the optimal substrates for TrwB ATPase activity. The protein bound with 100-fold higher affinity to G4 DNA than to single-stranded DNA of the same sequence. Moreover, TrwB formed oligomeric protein complexes only with oligonucleotides presenting such a G-quadruplex DNA structure, consistent with stoichiometry of six TrwB monomers to G4 DNA, as demonstrated by gel filtration chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments. A protein-DNA complex was also formed with unstructured oligonucleotides, but the molecular mass corresponded to one monomer protein bound to one oligonucleotide molecule. Sequences capable of forming G-quadruplex structures are widespread through genomes and are thought to play a biological function in transcriptional regulation. They form stable structures that can obstruct DNA replication, requiring the action of specific helicases to resolve them. Nevertheless, TrwB displayed no G4 DNA unwinding activity. These observations are discussed in terms of a possible role for TrwB in recognizing G-quadruplex structures as loading sites on the DNA.
Dynamic routing and wavelength assignment scheme for protection against node failure

The problem of how to design a survivable optical network under single and multiple link failures has been studied quite extensively; however, there are few studies on the design of optical networks that could survive single node failures. We design a dynamic wavelength routing scheme that will set up a primary path as well as a node-disjoint shared protection path for each connection using as few wavelength channels as possible by allowing multiple protection paths to share wavelength channels. Sharing full link state information among all network nodes will incur heavy processing overhead and increase routing traffic significantly. We propose a novel scheme that uses three vectors to convey incomplete information of link state. The scheme can be implemented by extending the OSPF protocol. As it is important to network service provider, we also compare the capacity requirement between link failure protection scheme and node failure protection scheme.
The Immediate Effects of Deep Pressure on Young People with Autism and Severe Intellectual Difficulties: Demonstrating Individual Differences

Background Deep pressure is widely used by occupational therapists for people with autism spectrum disorders. There is limited research evaluating deep pressure. Objective To evaluate the immediate effects of deep pressure on young people with autism and severe intellectual disabilities. Methods Mood and behaviour were rated for 13 pupils with ASD and severe ID before and after deep pressure sessions. Results Sufficient data was available from 8 participants to be analysed using Tau-U, a nonparametric technique that allows for serial dependence in data. Six showed benefits statistically. Five of these showed benefits across all domains, and one showed benefits on three out of five domains. Relevance to Clinical Practice Deep pressure appears to be of immediate benefit to this population with autism and severe ID, but the heterogeneity of response suggests that careful monitoring of response should be used and deep pressure discontinued when it is no longer of benefit. Limitations This is an open label evaluation study using rating scales. Recommendations for Future Research Future studies of the use of deep pressure should use physiological response measures, in addition to blinded raters for aspects of behaviours such as attitude to learning psychological health not captured physiologically.
Current solutions for obesity-related liver disorders: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

o besity is a worldwide epidemic with more than 1 billion overweight adults and at least 300 million obese patients [1]. According to recent statistics from the United States, 16.9% of children and adolescents aged 2–19 years were obese in 2009–2010 and 31.8% were either overweight or obese [2]. The rise in childhood obesity has been accompanied by an increase in pediatric liver diseases: 70%–80% of obese children and adolescents have liver diseases [3]. A review of the epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) found that in studies of bariatric surgery patients, 76% had NAFLD, 37% had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 23% had fibrosis, and 5.8% had cirrhosis [4]. NAFLD is defined by hepatic fat infiltration of > 5% hepatocytes, as detected by liver biopsy, with no evidence of excessive alcohol intake, or viral, autoimmune or drug-induced liver disease. It constitutes a spectra of liver disease ranging from intrahepatic fat accumulation (steatosis) to various degrees of necrotic inflammation and fibrosis (NASH) [5]. In predisposed individuals, NAFLD can evolve to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, with the consequent need for liver transplantation [6]. NAFLD is associated with abdominal obesity and severe metabolic impairments such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. It is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease [7]. In view of the obesity and liver disease epidemic, the diagnosis and treatment of this population should become a priority for health care systems.
GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 triple-band built-in antenna for wireless terminals

The development of electrically small antennas plays an important role in the rapidly growing mobile communication market. This work presents a novel design technique for a triple-band small internal antenna which covers the GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 bands. The proposed antenna consists of double shorting posts, feed post, and dual-crossed C-slot patch radiators. A high-frequency structure simulator simulation is employed for optimizing the design parameters, and the simulation results agree with the measured data. The IE3D simulation is also used to obtain the current distribution at the resonant frequencies. The maximum gains at the frequencies 950 and 1860 MHz are measured to be about 1.58 and 1.3 dBi, respectively. These positive antenna gains and triple-bands of the proposed antenna are very attractive features for GSM/DCS/IMT-2000 bands handset applications.
An Adaptive Hystersis Controller for Single-Phase Grid-Connected PV Central Inverters

: An adaptive hysteresis current controller for single-phase single-stage photovoltaic central inverters is presented. The designed controller is able to eliminate harmonic distortion and to control switching frequency and to inject the current into power grid with good power quality. The simulation model of the system is developed in SIMULINK/MATLAB environment. The controller is found effective in obtaining the desired goal when the switching frequency is adequately high which leads to the synchronization of power grid voltage and inverter current and near to unity power factor.
Diagnostic errors and reflective practice in medicine.

BACKGROUND Adverse effects of medical errors have received increasing attention. Diagnostic errors account for a substantial fraction of all medical errors, and strategies for their prevention have been explored. A crucial requirement for that is better understanding of origins of medical errors. Research on medical expertise may contribute to that as far as it explains reasoning processes involved in clinical judgements. The literature has indicated the capability of critically reflecting upon one's own practice as a key requirement for developing and maintaining medical expertise throughout life. OBJECTIVES This article explores potential relationships between reflective practice and diagnostic errors. METHODS A survey of the medical expertise literature was conducted. Origins of medical errors frequently reported in the literature were explored. The potential relationship between diagnostic errors and the several dimensions of reflective practice in medicine, brought to light by recent research, were theoretically explored. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Uncertainty and fallibility inherent to clinical judgements are discussed. Stages in the diagnostic reasoning process where errors could occur and their potential sources are highlighted, including the role of medical heuristics and biases. The authors discuss the nature of reflective practice in medicine, and explore whether and how the several behaviours and reasoning processes that constitute reflective practice could minimize diagnostic errors. Future directions for further research are discussed. They involve empirical research on the role of reflective practice in improving clinical reasoning and the development of educational strategies to enhancing reflective practice.
An Empirical Test of the Structure, Process, and Outcome Quality Paradigm Using Resident-Based, Nursing Facility Assessment Data

This study distinguishes between organizational char acteristics, regarded as exogenous structural indicators of quality, and those identified as endogenous indica tors of structural care (SC), and investigates the degree to which measures of SC vary by ownership mode (defined by four combinations of chain affiliation and profit status) for 142 certified and licensed nursing facilities (NFs) in a southern state. Structural care mea sures include: licensed and unlicensed staffing, licensed therapists, and case mix-adjusted direct care expendi tures. In addition, seven (four process and three out come) facility-level, risk-adjusted process, and outcome quality scales are developed from 39 resident-level qual ity indicators. A causal model of NF quality arranged according to the structure, process and outcome para digm is specified and estimated using path analysis. Or ganizational data derive from the 1991 Medicaid Cost Report; process and outcome quality measures were de veloped from the Minimum Data Set Plus Resident As sessment Instrument. Using the percentage of Medicaid and private pay residents as covariates, there was a significant overall multivariate effect due to ownership mode on the SC measures. Although there were several significant direct effects, the overall path model was disconfirmed. The multivariate results suggest that some organizational characteristics of structure quality may be more appropriately considered exogenous to causal quality models and therefore have indirect (ver sus direct) effects on process or outcome quality indica tors. The path analysis implies that the structure-pro cess-outcome paradigm may not accurately capture the way NF health care is delivered. Research which consid ers alternate NF quality paradigms needs to be done with samples that are more representative of national proportions of each ownership mode.
Electron Microscopy in the Perspective of Modern Biology : Ultravision and Ultradimension

Somnath Chatterjee, Anirban Roy , Aparna Laskar and Snehasikta Swarnakar 1 Drug Development, Diagnostics and Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4,Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata: 700 032, India 2 Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4,Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata: 700 032, India *Corresponding author # Authors contributed equally
Fashion Evaluation Method for Clothing Recommendation Based on Weak Appearance Feature

With the rapid rising of living standard, people gradually developed higher shopping enthusiasm and increasing demand for garment. Nowadays, an increasing number of people pursue fashion. However, facing too many types of garment, consumers need to try them on repeatedly, which is somewhat time- and energy-consuming. Besides, it is difficult for merchants to master the real-time demand of consumers. Herein, there is not enough cohesiveness between consumer information and merchants. Thus, a novel fashion evaluation method on the basis of the appearance weak feature is proposed in this paper. First of all, image database is established and three aspects of appearance weak feature are put forward to characterize the fashion level. Furthermore, the appearance weak features are extracted according to the characters’ facial feature localization method. Last but not least, consumers’ fashion level can be classified through support vector product, and the classification is verified with the hierarchical analysis method. The experimental results show that consumers’ fashion level can be accurately described based on the indexes of appearance weak feature and the approach has higher application value for the clothing recommendation system.
A stress analysis of acetabular reconstruction in protrusio acetabuli.

UNLABELLED We are reporting the results of a finite-element analysis of acetabular reconstruction for total hip replacement in the presence of protrusio acetabuli. In a protruded acetabulum, cortical bone stresses on the medial part of the pelvic wall increase with medial placement of the acetabular component, while normal placement of the component (more lateral placement) reduces these stresses. Metal backing of a polyethylene acetabular component causes a reduction in the peak cement and trabecular-bone stresses. A metal protrusio ring about only the periphery of the acetabular component increases stress levels within the lateral part of the pelvic cortex and has little effect on stresses in the medial part of the pelvic wall. A complete metal protrusio cup increases stresses in the lateral part of the pelvic cortex while decreasing substantially the stresses in the medial part of the cortex and the trabecular bone. Prosthetic reinforcement of the medial part of the acetabular wall has little effect on stress patterns in the acetabular region. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The major long-term problem with cemented total hip prostheses is loosening. Loosening is probably related in part to the stress state in the cement and surrounding bone. The protruded acetabulum is particularly difficult to reconstruct in a manner that ensures longevity of the total hip replacement. In patients with protrusio acetabuli, the prosthetic acetabulum should be placed in a normal and not in a protruded position. A metal-backed acetabular component or a complete metal cup incorporated within the cement reduces stress levels within the medial aspect of the pelvic bone and thus may reduce the incidence of loosening.
Evaluating stigma against mental disorder and related factors

Abstract This study attempted to identify forms of stigma against individuals with mental disorders and related factors. The subjects comprised 2632 people living in the area covered by the K health center in N prefecture. Factor analysis of the Mental Disorder Prejudice Scale (1211 valid responses) identified three factors: ‘rejection’, ‘peculiarity’ and ‘human rights alienation’. Regression analysis revealed that age, welfare activities, an active problem‐solving attitude, lecture attendance, and previous contact, exerted independent effects with respect to ‘rejection’. These results suggest the importance of disseminating accurate information and creating more opportunities for people to have meaningful interactions with people with mental disorders in order to dispell the stigma.
Circumventing Robots' Failures by Embracing Their Faults: A Practical Approach to Planning for Autonomous Construction

This paper overviews our application of state-of-the-art automated planning algorithms to real mobile robots performing an autonomous construction task, a domain in which robots are prone to faults. We describe how embracing these faults leads to better representations and smarter planning, allowing robots with limited precision to avoid catastrophic failures and succeed in intricate constructions.
Time-Frequency Filtering of Speech Signals in Hands-Free Telephone Systems

Time-varying filtering of noisy speech signals is a very attractive challenge, with the main question: how does the most appropriate time-varying filter scheme look like? Speech signals are of highly nonstationary and multicomponent nature. If we deal with filtering of noisy speech signals, as they occur in hands-free telephone systems, then the desired scheme would provide a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) greater than approximately 12dB. At the same time it should be suited for real-time implementation, with time delay less than 39ms for mobile telephony, and 2ms for circuitswitched telephony. The second requirement can cause additional difficulties and restrictions on finding an appropriate time-varying filter procedure. The most commonly used approach in the filtering of speech signals is the so called quasistationary approach, where it is assumed that the signal is stationary in the time interval T , with T between 20ms and 40ms being often used [1], [14]. In this interval of time, classical speech enhancement schemes such as those given in Table I are used [6], [16]. The noise is reduced by applying frequencydependent suppression factors according to the various filtering rules given in Table I. From the aspect of time-varying filtering we can say that this technique is quasi time-varying filtering. Thus, we have a sliding window of duration T along the signal where the filtering is performed after every T or after every T/2 (the second case is used in an overlap-add scheme in order to avoid block effects). From the point of view of time-frequency analysis, having in mind the high nonstation-
Transient Hydrodynamic and Thermal Behaviors of Fluid Flow in a Vertical Porous Microchannel under the Effect of Hyperbolic Heat Conduction Model

The transient hydrodynamics and thermal behaviors of fluid flow in open-ended vertical parallel-plate porous microchannel are investigated semi-analytically under the effect of the hyperbolic heat conduction model. The model that combines both the continuum approach and the possibility of slip at the boundary is adopted in the study. The Effects of Knudsen number , Darcy number , and thermal relaxation time on the microchannel hydrodynamics and thermal behaviors are investigated using the hyperbolic heat conduction models. It is found that as increases the slip in the hydrodynamic and thermal boundary condition increases. This slip in the hydrodynamic boundary condition increases as increases. Also, the slip in the thermal boundary condition increases as decreases especially the early stage of time. Keywords—free convection, hyperbolic heat conduction, macroscopic heat conduction models in microchannel, porous media, vertical microchannel, microchannel thermal, hydrodynamic behavior.
Hierarchical use of heterogeneous flash memories for high performance and durability

The use of NAND flash memory for building permanent storage has been increasing in many embedded systems due to idiosyncrasies such as non-volatility and low energy consumption. The persistent requirements for high storage capacity have given rise to the increase of bit density per cell as in multi-level cells but this has come at the expense of performance and has resulted in degradation of durability. In this paper, we introduce a complementary approach to boost the performance and durability of MLC-based storage systems by employing a non-volatile buffer that temporarily holds the data heading to MLCs. We also propose algorithms to efficiently eliminate unnecessary write and erase operations in MLCs by performing a pre-merge in the buffer. Our experiments show that the proposed approach can decrease average response time by up to 4 times and increase durability by 4 times by adding only a small hardware cost.
Visual Change Detection Using Multiscale Super Pixel

The use of autonomous drones in industrial inspection is gaining momentum with improvements in hardware and control. Considering the availability of historical data as drones gather information by regular sorties, a new opportunity for change detection is emerging for inspection and maintenance. In this paper, we propose a visual change detection framework using multi- scale super pixel approach. A framework that can (i) automatically capture appropriate images that match the stored images in the data agnostic drone store, and (ii) perform visual change detection is proposed. The algorithm is tested on a street-view change detection dataset containing images from 152 categories. Image matching step resulted in an accuracy of over 90%. On the street-view dataset, a change detection rate of over 90% is achieved with 60% categories detecting more than 60% of changed region. The proposed approach achieves better performance compared to other state-of-the- art methods that use image descriptors. The capability is implemented on an off-the-shelf drone to demonstrate the utility.
Media Trust in a Community Context

Prior research has examined various correlates of media trust including media consumers’ political stands and media use, objectivity in news reports, and perceived biases stemming from journalists’ political leanings. The goal of this study is to examine community contextual sources of media trust. Data from the Japanese General Social Surveys indicate that prefecture-level structural pluralism and political heterogeneity are negatively associated with measures of media trust, independent of personal characteristics of respondents. Implications are discussed in terms of the production of media messages.
A learning environment for first year software engineers

The paper reports on ongoing work in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Wales. It describes a learning environment (Software Engineering Teaching and Learning System, SETLAS), that has been successfully used with first year software engineering students and that is the result of a synergy between several groups within the department. The resulting system has exceeded the objectives for which it was initially designed and improved student performance and motivation.
Assessment of Anticholinesterase Toxicity, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Carbamate and Organophosphorus PesticidesExposed Agricultural Workers

Among the numerous pesticides, anticholinesterase compounds are widely used. Their toxicity induced by cholinesterase inhibition at the synapses and neuromuscular junctions, leading to neurological disorders. Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) has been used as sensitive biomarkers for pesticides exposure. In the present study, AChE and BuChE levels were estimated in agricultural workers exposed to carbamate and organophosphorus pesticides with average 9.8±3.5 years relative to the controls. The toxic effects of pesticides may be attributed to induction of oxidative stress and alteration in antioxidant system. Our results showed significant decrease in AChE and BuChE levels with inhibition percentage of 39% and 61% respectively, in exposed workers than controls. Additionally, there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) as an oxidative stress marker. Concerning antioxidant status, there was significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels while there were significant increases in activity of glutathione dependent enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transeferase (GST). On the other hands, there were significant decreases in enzymatic antioxidants, super oxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. A negative correlation was found between BuChE activity and MDA levels. So, it was concluded that evaluation of BuChE inhibition may be sensitive tool for assessing the risk of oxidative stress induced after occupational pesticides exposure.