Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchies ontological and ideological

Godel claimed that Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory is ‘what becomes of the theory of types if certain superfluous restrictions are removed’. The aim of this paper is to develop a clearer understanding of Godel's remark, and of the surrounding philosophical terrain. In connection with this, we discuss some technical issues concerning infinitary type theories and the programme of developing the semantics for higher-order languages in other higher-order languages.
Identification of domains and domain interface residues in multidomain proteins from graph spectral method

We present a novel method for the identification of structural domains and domain interface residues in proteins by graph spectral method. This method converts the three‐dimensional structure of the protein into a graph by using atomic coordinates from the PDB file. Domain definitions are obtained by constructing either a protein backbone graph or a protein side‐chain graph. The graph is constructed based on the interactions between amino acid residues in the three‐dimensional structure of the proteins. The spectral parameters of such a graph contain information regarding the domains and subdomains in the protein structure. This is based on the fact that the interactions among amino acids are higher within a domain than across domains. This is evident in the spectra of the protein backbone and the side‐chain graphs, thus differentiating the structural domains from one another. Further, residues that occur at the interface of two domains can also be easily identified from the spectra. This method is simple, elegant, and robust. Moreover, a single numeric computation yields both the domain definitions and the interface residues. Proteins 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The 2001 Bethesda system.

The Bethesda system is a system of terminology for reporting the results of cervical cytology. It was developed in 1988, and is now widely used in the United States. This system was updated in April 2001. The most important modifications are the following: a) elimination of the category "satisfactory but limited by", b) the reintegration of benign modifications in the normal category, c) "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" is now named "atypical squamous cells" and subdivided into "atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance" and "cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion"; and d) endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ which is now a separate entity. Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high grade squamous intraepithelial cells remain unchanged. Recommendations have been proposed concerning automated review and ancillary testing. This paper is available too at: http://www.insp. mx/salud/index.html.
An empirical approach to grouping and segmentation

This thesis presents a novel dataset of 12,000 segmentations of 1,000 natural images by 30 human subjects. The subjects marked the locations of objects in the images, providing ground truth data for learning grouping cues and benchmarking grouping algorithms. We feel that the data-driven approach is critical for two reasons: (1) the data reflects “ecological statistics” that the human visual system has evolved to exploit, and (2) innovations in computational vision should be evaluated quantitatively. We develop a battery of segmentation comparison measures that we use both to validate the consistency of the human data and to provide approaches for evaluating grouping algorithms. In conjunction with the segmentation dataset, the various measures provide “micro-benchmarks” for boundary detection algorithms and pixel affinity functions, as well a benchmark for complete segmentation algorithms. Using these performance measures, we can systematically improve grouping algorithms with the human ground truth as our goal. Starting at the lowest level, we present local boundary models based on brightness, color, and texture cues, where the cues are individually optimized with respect to the dataset and then combined in a statistically optimal manner with classifiers. The resulting detector is shown to significantly outperform prior state-of-the-art algorithms. Next, we learn from data how to combine the boundary model with patch-based features in a pixel affinity model to settle long-standing debates in computer vision with empirical results: (1) brightness boundaries are more informative than patches, and vice versa for color; (2) texture boundaries and patches are the two most powerful cues; (3) proximity is not a useful cue for grouping, it is simply a result of the process; and (4) both boundary-based and region-based approaches provide significant independent information for grouping.
Child-Care History and Kindergarten Adjustment.

Parents gave histories of 589 children just before kindergarten. Children were later assessed with teacher, peer, and observer measures of social adjustment in school. Children with higher day-care amounts in each of 3 eras (0-1, 1-4, and 4-5 years) scored higher on the composite negative adjustment and lower on positive adjustment (however, they also scored lower on teacher-rated internalizing problems). Day care predicted even after statistical control for measures representing alternative explanations, such as family stress and socioeconomic status, accounting for 2.7% of variance in negative adjustment and 2.9% of positive adjustment. Interactions between day care and other variables did not add to predictions of the molar adjustment composites
Running ZooKeeper Coordination Services in Untrusted Clouds

Cloud computing is a recent trend in computer science. However, privacy concerns and a lack of trust in cloud providers are an obstacle for many deployments. Maturing hardware support for implementing Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) aims at mitigating these problems. Such technologies allow to run applications in a trusted environment, thereby protecting data from unauthorized access. To reduce the risk of security vulnerabilities, code executed inside a TEE should have a minimal Trusted Codebase. As a consequence, there is a trend for partitioning application's logic in trusted and untrusted parts. Only the trusted parts are executed inside the TEE handling the privacy-sensitive processing steps. In this paper, we add a transparent encryption layer to ZooKeeper by means of a privacy proxy supposed to run inside a TEE. We show what measures are necessary to split an application into a trusted and an untrusted part in order to protect the data stored inside, with Zoo-Keeper as an example. With our solution, ZooKeeper can be deployed at untrusted cloud providers, establishing confidential coordination for distributed applications. With our privacy proxy, all ZooKeeper functionality is retained while there is little degradation of throughput.
Behavioral Mimicry and Stigmatization

Abstract Two experiments investigated the moderation of behavioral mimicry effects as a function of the to-be-mimicked target. In each experiment participants completed an ice cream taste test in the presence of a confederate who was instructed to either eat a lot of ice cream (high consumption condition) or very little ice cream (low consumption condition). The extent to which participants mimicked the ice cream consumption of the confederate was recorded. In addition two confederates were employed; one of the confederates in each experiment had a visual stigma. In Experiment 1 the confederate was either obese or not. In Experiment 2 the confederate had, or did not have, a facial birthmark. Results showed mimicry of the confederate's ice cream consumption except for the obese confederate in Experiment 1. Stigmatization of the to-be-mimicked target does inhibit mimicry effects but only when the nature of the stigmatization is linked to the critical task. Results are discussed in terms of non-conscious eli.
Scripts in the Sand: Sandplay in Transactional Analysis Psychotherapy with Children

This article discusses sandplay as a therapeutic tool in clinical work with children. The origins of sandplay are described and its possible use within the theoretical and methodological approach of transactional analysis are described. Several clinical examples illustrate how sandplay can be used within the child-therapist relationship to highlight certain aspects of script and its transformation.
Interpretation of geophysical surveys of archaeological sites using artificial neural networks

Geophysical surveys form a vital component of modern archaeological studies, providing data on the location of surviving sub-surface remains. Unfortunately interpretation of the raw output from geophysical surveys requires considerable expertise and current methods for machine interpretation are computationally expensive. In this paper, we describe the use of multi-layer perceptron neural networks from automated interpretation of geophysical survey data and present promising initial results for a survey taken of the Roman suburb of Butrint, a classical city situated in what is now Albania. Clearly a computationally efficient and straightforward means of inverting geophysical survey data is potentially an extremely useful tool in encouraging public awareness of cultural heritage.
Charismatic Leadership: The Elusive Factor in Organizational Effectiveness

In this new book, Jay A. Conger reveals how the charismatic leader's qualities of creativity, inspiration, unconventionality, vision, and risk-taking can help bring about radical change in organizations damaged by long periods of inertia - and shows why we need charismatic leadership now more than ever before. Drawing on findings from organizational behavior, sociology, social psychology, political science, and his own research - as well as on illustrations from the careers of Steve Jobs, Lee Iacocca, Mary Kay, John DeLorean, Ross Perot, and others - the author dispels the myths about charisma and identifies the specific practices that set charismatic leadership apart to help show how and why these individuals succeed where others may fail.
A detailed comparative analysis between two soft switching techniques used in PV applications

This paper presents a detailed comparative study between two different soft switching techniques used in PV applications. An extended range ZVS active clamped current fed full-bridge isolated boost converter has been studied and the comparison has been done with a soft switching boost converter using an auxiliary resonant circuit. The former uses the energy stored in the leakage inductance of the transformer and its magnetizing inductance to perform the soft switching whereas the latter uses a resonant circuit in order to carry out the same. A typical 500 W converter is employed to investigate both the converters. Comparisons have been made on the basis of operating modes and range of operation. Detailed operation, analysis and simulation results for the designs have been presented. The systems are modeled and simulated in PSIM 64 bit version 9.0 Environment.
Ink and Vinegar, a Simple Staining Technique for Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi

ABSTRACT We developed a reliable, inexpensive, and simple method for staining arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungal colonizations in root tissues. Apart from applications in research, this nontoxic, high-quality staining method also could be of great utility in teaching exercises. After adequate clearing with KOH, an ink-vinegar solution successfully stained all fungal structures, rendering them clearly visible.
A functional validation technique: biased-random simulation guided by observability-based coverage

We present a simulation-based semi-formal verification method for sequential circuits described at the register-transfer level. The method consists of an iterative loop where coverage analysis guides input pattern generation. An observability-based coverage metric is used to identify portions of the circuit not exercised by simulation. A heuristic algorithm then selects probability distributions for biased random input pattern generation that targets non-covered portions. This algorithm is based on an approximate analysis of the circuit modeled as a Markov chain at steady state. Node controllability and observability are estimated using a limited depth reconvergence analysis and an implicit algorithm for manipulating probability distributions and determining steady-state behavior. An optimization algorithm iteratively perturbs the probability distributions of the primary inputs in order to improve estimated coverage. The coverage enhancement achieved by our approach is demonstrated on benchmarks from the ISCAS89 and VIS suites.
Synaptotagmin V and IX isoforms control Ca2+-dependent insulin exocytosis

Synaptotagmin (Syt) is involved in Ca2+-regulated secretion and has been suggested to serve as a general Ca2+ sensor on the membrane of secretory vesicles in neuronal cells. Insulin exocytosis from the pancreatic β-cell is an example of a Ca2+-dependent secretory process. Previous studies have yielded conflicting results as to which Syt isoform is present on the secretory granules in the native β-cell. Here we show by western blotting and RT-PCR analysis, the presence of both Syt V and Syt IX in rat pancreatic islets and in the clonal β-cell line INS-1E. The subcellular distribution of the two Syt isoforms was assessed by confocal microscopy and by sedimentation in a continuous sucrose density gradient in INS-1E cells. These experiments show that both proteins colocalize with insulin-containing secretory granules but are absent from synaptic-like microvesicles. Further immunofluorescence studies performed in primary pancreatic endocrine cells revealed that Syt V is present in glucagon-secreting α-cells, whereas Syt IX is associated with insulin granules in β-cells. Transient overexpression of Syt V and Syt IX did not alter exocytosis in INS-1E cells. Finally, reduction of the expression of both Syt isoforms by RNA interference did not change basal secretion. Remarkably, hormone release in response to glucose was selectively and strongly reduced, indicating that Syt V and Syt IX are directly involved in the Ca2+-dependent stimulation of exocytosis.
High-pressure Raman spectroscopy of graphene

In situ high-pressure Raman spectroscopy is used to study monolayer, bilayer, and few-layer graphene samples supported on silicon in a diamond anvil cell to 3.5 GPa. The results show that monolayer graphene adheres to the silicon substrate under compressive stress. A clear trend in this behavior as a function of graphene sample thickness is observed. We also study unsupported graphene samples in a diamond anvil cell to 8 GPa and show that the properties of graphene under compression are intrinsically similar to graphite. Our results demonstrate the differing effects of uniaxial and biaxial strain on the electronic band structure.
Deviating from the norm: Innovative student pathways for successful TAFE/University transition

Abstract As a result of widened student participation, liberalisation and reform in the Australian tertiary education sector, provision of higher education qualifications is no longer solely the domain of universities. Traditionally, technical and further education (TAFE) institutions partnering with universities have provoked unease in the tertiary sector as vexed issues (including quality and access) emerge as significant barriers to seamless supported student pathways. This paper explores the experiences and perceptions of seven TAFE program coordinators who have championed the widening participation agenda (in conjunction with Federation University Business School) by implementing undergraduate programs within a TAFE environment. The catalyst for this study was the high student retention rate observed within these programs suggesting a recipe for successful transition from TAFE to higher education qualifications. Utilising a qualitative exploratory approach, the findings strengthen the understanding of the characteristics of environments that best support nontraditional students transitioning into higher education. A number of significant themes emerged from the data: delivery mode and program type contribute to successful transition; ‘transitional shock’ experienced by students can be ameliorated by the particular characteristics of the TAFE environment; and the quality of the educational partnership has an impact on successful student transition.
Understanding POWER multiprocessors

Exploiting today's multiprocessors requires high-performance and correct concurrent systems code (optimising compilers, language runtimes, OS kernels, etc.), which in turn requires a good understanding of the observable processor behaviour that can be relied on. Unfortunately this critical hardware/software interface is not at all clear for several current multiprocessors. In this paper we characterise the behaviour of IBM POWER multiprocessors, which have a subtle and highly relaxed memory model (ARM multiprocessors have a very similar architecture in this respect). We have conducted extensive experiments on several generations of processors: POWER G5, 5, 6, and 7. Based on these, on published details of the microarchitectures, and on discussions with IBM staff, we give an abstract-machine semantics that abstracts from most of the implementation detail but explains the behaviour of a range of subtle examples. Our semantics is explained in prose but defined in rigorous machine-processed mathematics; we also confirm that it captures the observable processor behaviour, or the architectural intent, for our examples with an executable checker. While not officially sanctioned by the vendor, we believe that this model gives a reasonable basis for reasoning about current POWER multiprocessors. Our work should bring new clarity to concurrent systems programming for these architectures, and is a necessary precondition for any analysis or verification. It should also inform the design of languages such as C and C++, where the language memory model is constrained by what can be efficiently compiled to such multiprocessors.
Research synthesis in the sport & exercise sciences: Introduction to the collection

Basic research synthesis, the bringing together for discussion of the results, findings and conclusions of previous studies, is part of almost every research project. Research starts with a survey of relevant literature in the field, and a discussion of this is then presented to provide a context for the primary investigations that follow. However, it is rare for this type of secondary review of research to be presented in anything other than a descriptive way, a simple tour around previous work that highlights key issues and perhaps identifies gaps in the literature that primary research might fill. Wood (2000) dismisses these reviews as pseudo-synthesis which, while not valueless, ‘‘are really little better than annotated bibliographies’’ (p. 416). It is not surprising, therefore, that in recent years in a range of diverse fields there has been some frustration with these types of descriptive reviews, and thus interest in the synthesis of previous work as a primary research activity has developed. Medical science, for example, has made use of both meta-analysis and systematic review (e.g. Butcher, Hengstler, Schindler, & Guyatt, 2000; Ohlsson, 1994) to accumulate the best evidence (Cook, Mulrow, & Haynes, 1997) for clinical decisions, with a particular focus on aggregating evidence from what is seen as the gold standard of the randomized controlled trial . In policy and management, systematic reviews have tended not to focus on randomized controlled trials, and have been more willing to include qualitative evidence. In Britain central government has, since the 1980s, placed an increasing emphasis on ensuring that policy and practice are informed through ‘‘a more rigorous and challenging evidence base’’ (Tranfield & Denyer, 2002). There has been a general concern for the effectiveness of service delivery, and since 1997 an evidence-based movement has developed under the New Labor regime of the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair (Davies, Nutley, & Smith, 2000). This has seen the utilization of best evidence systematic reviews to inform policy in urban regeneration (Dabinett, Lawless, Rhodes, & Tyler, 2001), nursing (Evans & Pearson, 2001), housing (Davies, Nutley, & Smith, 1999; MacLennan & More, 1999), social care (MacDonald, 1999) and criminal justice (Laycock, 2000). Furthermore, in 2001 the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded the establishment of an Evidence Network (www.evidencenetwork.org) of multi-disciplinary centers dedicated to the improvement of the evidence base for policy and practice in the social sciences. On a broader plain, there is a general concern that too little use is made of existing research in the social sciences, a point made by C. Wright Mills almost half a century ago:
ANOUAR EL HAJI MICHAŁ KRAWCZYK MARTA SYLWESTRZAK EWA ZAWOJSKA TIME PRESSURE AND RISK TAKING IN AUCTIONS : A FI E LD EXPERIMENT

Auctions often require risk taking under time pressure. However, little is known about how time pressure moderates the relationship between uncertainty of outcomes and bidding behavior. This study consists of a field experiment in which participants are invited to a Vickrey auction to elicit their willingness to pay for a lottery ticket. The time available to place a bid and also the skewness of the lottery (holding the expected value constant) are systematically manipulated. We find that under high time pressure participants are less likely to place a bid at all. Furthermore, participants who do place a bid under high time pressure bid significantly less than participants under low time pressure. The main finding is thus that increased time pressure significantly decreases risk taking. The effect seems to be particularly strong for the lottery with a high probability of winning and for female subjects.
Emissões otoacústicas e sistema olivococlear medial: pacientes com zumbido sem perda auditiva

BACKGROUND: tinnitus. AIM: to compare the results of otoacoustic emissions for transitory stimulus (TEOAE) and the functioning of the olivocochlear medial system, in individuals with normal hearing sensibility, with and without tinnitus. METHOD: participants of this study were 60 subjects, with tonal thresholds and acoustic imitance measurements within normal standards, distributed in two groups: group one - 30 subjects with tinnitus and group two - 30 subjects without tinnitus, paired up by gender and age. Both groups were submitted to the TEOAE test, with and without the presence of white contralateral white noise at 60dB NPS. For the 19 subjects who presented unilateral tinnitus, TEOAE and suppression results were compared regarding the variables of side, taking in consideration the presence of tinnitus. RESULTS: in the group comparison, with and without tinnitus, there was no significant statistical difference for the incidence of TEOAE, response levels, and incidence of the suppression effect. Significant statistical difference was not observed between the right and left ears in the group with tinnitus. For the 19 subjects with unilateral tinnitus, a higher amplitude of the responses and a higher suppression incidence were observed for the right ear, as well as a higher incidence of tinnitus and a lower incidence of suppression for the left ear. CONCLUSION: there was no significant statistical difference for both TEOAE incidence and response levels, as well as for the functioning of the olivocochlear medial system between the subjects, with normal hearing sensibility, with and without tinnitus. For the subjects who presented unilateral tinnitus, the overall TEOAE reponse levels was significantly higher in the ear with no tinnitus and the olivocochlear medial system was significantly less efficient in the ear with tinnitus.