Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Statin Treatment for Primary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease

BACKGROUND Although treating to lipid targets ("treat to target") is widely recommended for coronary artery disease (CAD) prevention, some have advocated administering fixed doses of statins based on a person's estimated net benefit ("tailored treatment"). OBJECTIVE To examine how a tailored treatment approach to statin therapy compares with a treat-to-target approach. DESIGN Simulated model of population-level effects of treat-to-target and tailored treatment approaches to statin therapy. DATA SOURCES Statin trials from 1994 to 2009 and nationally representative CAD risk factor data. TARGET POPULATION U.S. persons aged 30 to 75 years with no history of myocardial infarction. TIME HORIZON Lifetime effects of 5 years of treatment. PERSPECTIVE Societal and patient. INTERVENTION Tailored treatment based on a person's 5-year CAD risk (simvastatin, 40 mg, for 5% to 15% CAD risk and atorvastatin, 40 mg, for CAD risk >15%) versus treat-to-target approaches that escalate statin dose per National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP] III guidelines (including an intensive approach that advances treatment whenever intensification is optional by NCEP III criteria). OUTCOME MEASURES Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS Compared with the standard NCEP III approach, the intensive NCEP III approach treated 15 million more persons and saved 570,000 more QALYs over 5 years. The tailored strategy treated a similar number of persons, as did the intensive NCEP III approach, but saved 500,000 more QALYs and treated fewer persons with high-dose statins. RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS No circumstances were found in which a treat-to-target approach was preferable to tailored treatment. LIMITATION Model assumptions were based on available clinical data, which included few persons 75 years or older. CONCLUSION A tailored treatment strategy prevents more CAD events while treating fewer persons with high-dose statins than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-based target approaches. Results were robust, even with assumptions favoring a treat-to-target approach. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Department of Veteran Affairs Health Services Research & Development Service's Quality Enhancement Research Initiative.
GPD+ Wet Tropospheric Corrections for CryoSat-2 and GFO Altimetry Missions

Due to its large space-time variability, the wet tropospheric correction (WTC) is still considered a significant error source in satellite altimetry. This paper presents the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) derived Path Delay Plus (GPD+), the most recent algorithm developed at the University of Porto to retrieve improved WTC for radar altimeter missions. The GPD+ are WTC estimated by space-time objective analysis, by combining all available observations in the vicinity of the point: valid measurements from the on-board microwave radiometer (MWR), from GNSS coastal and island stations and from scanning imaging MWR on board various remote sensing missions. The GPD+ corrections are available both for missions which do not possess an on-board microwave radiometer such as CryoSat-2 (CS-2) and for all missions which carry this sensor, by addressing the various error sources inherent to the MWR-derived WTC. To ensure long-term stability of the corrections, the large set of radiometers used in this study have been calibrated with respect to the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and the SSM/I Sounder (SSM/IS). The application of the algorithm to CS-2 and Geosat Follow-on (GFO), as representative altimetric missions without and with a MWR aboard the respective spacecraft, is described. Results show that, for both missions, the new WTC significantly reduces the sea level anomaly (SLA) variance with respect to the model-based corrections. For GFO, the new WTC also leads to a large reduction in SLA variance with respect to the MWR-derived WTC, recovering a large number of observations in the coastal and polar regions and full sets of tracks and several cycles when MWR measurements are missing or invalid. Overall, the algorithm allows the recovery of a significant number of measurements, ensuring the continuity and consistency of the correction in the open-ocean/coastal transition zone and at high latitudes.
Molecular beacon: a multitask probe

The specificity of hybridization of complementary sequences in DNA is the basic strategy for identifying target genes. For this, stem loop oligonucleotide probes have been developed in order to enhance the specificity and selectivity to the target DNA. Among stem loop oligonucleotides, molecular beacons are the recent probes used for biomolecular recognition reactions. Molecular beacon-based assays are fast, simple, inexpensive, and enable real-time monitoring of nucleic acid reactions both, in vivo and in vitro. This review has been designed to provide a better understanding of the different aspects of molecular beacons, e.g. structure, designing and applications in real-time monitoring of nucleic acid amplification, detection of pathogens, nucleic acid–protein interaction, genetic analysis and array technology.
Estrogen regulation of duodenal bicarbonate secretion and sex-specific protection of human duodenum.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The reason that women have a lower prevalence of duodenal ulcer is not clear. We investigated whether estrogen regulates human duodenal bicarbonate secretion (DBS) and whether this process accounts for sex differences in the prevalence of duodenal ulcer. METHODS We performed an epidemiologic study to correlate duodenal ulcer prevalence with sex and age. Proximal DBS was measured from healthy subjects. Estrogen-receptor expression was examined in human duodenal mucosa by immunoblot and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS Among women, the prevalence of duodenal ulcer was significantly lower than among men. The reduced prevalence was greatest among premenopausal women (20-49 y), who were 3.91- to 5.09-fold less likely to develop duodenal ulcers than age-matched men; the difference was reduced to 1.32-fold or less among subjects aged 60 years or older. Premenopausal (20-29 y), but not postmenopausal (60-69 y), women had significantly higher basal and acid-stimulated DBS than the age-matched men. Basal and acid-stimulated DBS in premenopausal women (20-29 y) were significantly higher than in postmenopausal women (60-69 y), whereas there were no significant differences in basal or acid-stimulated DBS between men who were aged 20-29 years or 60-69 years. Serum levels of estradiol changed in parallel with basal and acid-stimulated DBS during the physiological menstrual cycle in premenopausal women. 17β-estradiol-stimulated DBS was independent of age or sex. Estrogen receptors α and β were detected on plasma membranes and in the cytosol of human duodenal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen regulates human DBS, which could reduce the risk for duodenal ulcer in women and contribute to sex differences in the prevalence of duodenal ulcer.
Feed Additive Effects of Graded Levels of Ginger ( Zingiber Officinale ) On Serum Metabolites of Broilers

Ninety eight (98) Anak broiler chicks were used in an experiment to determine the effects of Ginger (Zingiber officianale) meal on the haematology and serum chemistry of broiler birds. The birds were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments in a completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 24 birds per treatment with 8 birds per replicate in a feeding trial that lasted for a period of 8 weeks. The ginger was incorporated at graded levels of 0g, 2g, 4g and 6g per kg feed in T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 respectively. At the end of the experiment, 3 birds were randomly picked from each treatment (1 bird per treatment replicate) and their blood samples were collected for haematological assay and serum analysis. Results showed that haematological parameters were not significantly influenced by the treatment. Serum components such as Total Protein, Creatinine, Urea, Aspartate, Alkaline Phosphate and Total Cholesterol were not significantly influenced by the treatment however Serum Albumin was influenced significantly in favour of the ginger supplemented diets. The results of this investigation therefore, demonstrate that the inclusion of ginger at all levels did not alter any haematological indices when compared to the control diet and so normal anatomical and physiological function of birds was not disrupted.
What makes an interprofessional education programme meaningful to students? Findings from focus group interviews with students based in New Zealand

ABSTRACT It is important to understand what an interprofessional education (IPE) experience means to students and what makes it meaningful so that optimal use can be made of IPE opportunities and resources. This article reports qualitative data from a larger study evaluating an 11-hour IPE programme which focused on long-term condition management. Qualitative analysis aimed to explore students’ perspectives of the programme. Forty-one students from dietetics, medicine, physiotherapy, and radiation therapy were invited to participate in interprofessional focus groups. Data gathered from 34 students who participated in two focus groups were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Three key themes emerged related to (i) learning, (ii) perceived long-term professional benefits, and (iii) the structure and content of the programme. Participants considered the programme to be a valuable learning opportunity with direct relevance to their future clinical careers. Findings indicated that providing students with an opportunity to learn about each other should be prioritised within IPE programmes and that this process should be student-led. This may help students to effectively learn with and from each other. Students perceived active learning activities, including interviewing a patient in their home and presenting findings to their peers, to be particularly valuable.
Framework for Wireless Networks Management based on Network and Traffic Modeling with QoS Objectives

The highly erratic and unpredictable behavior of wireless network traffic can be attributed to the combination of different factors: the variable number of users, the capacity of the access links/points, traffic matrices, users’ mobility, background traffic and the diversity of applications, services and user behaviors. These issues, together with the increasing demand for bandwidth and the every day appearance of new applications and QoS requirements, have been driving a strong need for tools that can aid in the global management of mobile networks. This extended abstract proposes a management framework for wireless networks that integrates a wireless network model and a set of procedures allowing (i) to predict network Quality of Service (QoS) evolution for varying number of users and user characteristics and (ii) to assess the need for network upgrades. The availability of this framework can help network managers and service providers to plan short-term or long-term network reconfigurations and upgrades or design new strategies for network management, traffic routing, service provisioning and other critical network operational issues. The correct planning and location of network resources can greatly increase network operation efficiency and optimize network QoS parameter values. The framework’s inherent wireless network model [1], [2] incorporates all network important functional characteristics and is able to predict QoS parameters based only on traffic that enters and leaves the network at its different access points (APs) (the inputs of the model), without requiring any a priori information on the network structure, traffic routing or users mobility profiles. The network model is built from a set of (past) measurements of the APs inbound/outbound traffic and the corresponding network QoS metrics. After being inferred, the model can predict the network QoS parameters based on traffic predictions obtained from previously inferred traffic source models and based on an estimation on the future number of users (and their respective profiles). Besides, the network model parameters can be mapped to real network parameters: traffic flows between network users and APs, users’ mobility characteristics, background traffic, network operational characteristics and inherent fixed QoS. The extended abstract is organized as follows: section II presents the framework wireless network model, including the main steps of its inference procedure; section III presents the proposed network management framework and section IV presents the network and simulation scenarios that will be used to demonstrate the usefulness and accuracy of the proposed framework.
Comparison of the effect of aromatherapy with Jasminum officinale and Salvia officinale on pain severity and labor outcome in nulliparous women

Background: Using non-pharmacological pain relief methods for reducing labor pain has always been one of the major concerns in obstetrics and gynecology. Objective: Comparing the effects of aromatherapy with jasmine and salvia on pain severity and labor outcome in nulliparous women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 156 nulliparous women in labor were randomly selected and divided into salvia, jasmine, and control groups (52 in each group). The study duration was 6 months (from October 2009 to March 2010). Each group underwent aromatherapy using an incense mask for 15 min (distilled water for the control group). Pain severity was measured before and 30 and 60 min after the incense aromatherapy. Also, duration of the first and second stages of labor, first- and fifth-minute APGAR scores of the baby, and the frequency of labor type were measured and recorded in each group. Results: In comparison to the other groups, pain severity and duration of the first and second stages of labor were significantly lower in the aromatherapy group of salvia 30 min after the intervention (P = 0.001). However, no significant difference was found among the three groups regarding pain severity 60 min after the aromatherapy, first- and fifth-minute APGAR scores of the baby, and the frequency of labor type. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that aromatherapy with saliva had beneficial effects on pain relief, shortened the labor stages, and had no negative impact on the baby's APGAR score.
DIGESTIBILIDADE DE DIETAS PELETIZADAS E EXTRUSADAS PARA O PACU: QUANTIFICAÇÃO DO ÓXIDO DE CROMO

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar o metodo de quantificacao de oxido de cromo pelo metodo espectrofotometria de absorcao visivel e pelo metodo espectrofotometria de absorcao atomica nas dietas e nas fezes de pacu para determinacao dos coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente de dietas extrusadas ou peletizadas. O ensaio de digestibilidade foi realizado com 180 pacus (69,6 ± 17,9 g). Os peixes foram alimentados com as dietas contendo 26% de proteina bruta e 4022,3 Kcal.kg-1 de energia, sendo um lote desta dieta peletizadas e outro extrusadas, acrescidas de 0,5% de Cr2O3 em sua formulacao. Amostras dos ingredientes, dietas-teste e fezes foram analisadas quanto a sua composicao bromatologica e energia bruta. A digestao das amostras foi realizada com acido nitrico e acido perclorico. As leituras em espectrofotometro foram realizadas em densidade otica de 350 ηm. As leituras realizadas em espectrofotometro de absorcao atomica com chama foi operado com taxa de fluxo de acetileno de 2,9 L.min-1, taxa de fluxo de ar de 13,5 L.min-1; altura do queimador de 16,2 mm; velocidade de fluxo de amostra de 5 mL.Min-1 e comprimento de onda do cromo de 357,9 nm. Pode-se inferir que ambos os metodos para quantificacao aboratorial de oxido de cromo sao sensiveis e confiaveis para utilizacao dos ensaios de digestibilidade com baixa concentracao de oxido de cromo para o pacu. A taxa de recuperacao do cromo pela espectrofotometria de absorcao atomica teve os menores coeficientes de variacao, sendo assim adotado como ideal para o estudo de coeficiente de digestibilidade da fracao proteica e da energia em dietas peletizadas ou extrusadas.
Reducing the Impact of Reverse Currents in Tunnel FET Rectifiers for Energy Harvesting Applications

RF to dc passive rectifiers can benefit from the superior performance at low voltage of tunnel transistors. They have shown higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) at low input power than Si FinFETs counterparts. In this paper, we analyze the limitations of typical tunnel field-effect transistor rectifier topologies associated with the forward biasing of their intrinsic diode and show that this can occur at relatively weak input signals depending on the specific characteristic of the used tunnel device. We propose a simple modification in the implementation of the rectifiers to overcome this problem. The impact of our proposal is evaluated on the widely used gate cross-coupled topology. The proposed designs exhibit similar peak PCE and sensitivity but significantly improve PCE for larger input signal amplitude and larger input power.
Parallel Adaptive Mesh Refinement Scheme for Three-Dimensional Turbulent Non-Premixed Combustion

A parallel adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) algorithm is described for predicting turbulent non-premixed gaseous combusting flows in three space dimensions. The Favreaveraged Navier-Stokes equations governing a reactive mixture of thermally perfect gases, the two transport equations of the k-! turbulence model, and the time-averaged species transport equations, are all solved using a fully coupled finite-volume formulation on bodyfitted multi-block hexahedral mesh. The numerical algorithm adopts a cell-centred upwind finite-volume discretization procedure and uses limited solution reconstruction, approximate Riemann solver based flux functions to determine the inviscid (hyperbolic) flux at cell interfaces. The viscous (elliptic) components of the cell face flux are evaluated by employing a hybrid average gradient-diamond path approach. For the treatment of near-wall turbulence, both low-Reynolds-number and wall-function formulations of the k-! model are used, with a procedure for automatically switching from one to the other, depending on mesh resolution. A flexible block-based hierarchical octree data structure is used to maintain the connectivity of the solution blocks in the multi-block mesh and facilitate automatic solution-directed mesh adaptation according to physics-based refinement criteria. This AMR approach allows for anisotropic mesh refinement and the block-based data structure readily permits efficient and scalable implementations of the algorithm on multi-processor architectures. Numerical results for turbulent non-premixed methane-air diffusion flames are described to demonstrate the validity and potential of the parallel AMR approach for predicting complex combusting flows.
Urothelial differentiation in chronically urine-deprived bladders of patients with end-stage renal disease.

BACKGROUND It is unknown whether normal bladder voiding function, or soluble factors present in urine, contribute to the maturation and maintenance of the differentiated state of the uroepithelial cell lining of the lower urinary tract. METHODS We used the urothelium of anuric patients on long-term hemodialysis, sampled at the time of renal transplantation, to investigate the expression of urothelial differentiation-associated antigens, including uroplakins (UPIa, UPIb, UPII, and UPIIIa), cytokeratin isotypes (CK7, CK8, CK13, CK14, CK17, CK18, and CK20), nuclear hormone receptors [peroxisome proliferators activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and retinoid X receptor-alpha (RXR-alpha)], and a cell cycle marker (Ki-67). To determine whether urinary metabolites of the arachidonic pathway could induce urothelial differentiation, cultured normal human urothelial (NHU) cells were treated with 15-deoxy-delta12, 14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) and prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). The expression levels of the markers of differentiation, the uroplakins, were assessed by ribonuclease protection assay. Results. When compared in a blinded analysis against control normal urothelium, no significant changes were found in the expression or localization patterns of any of the antigens studied in the anuric patients. Furthermore, neither 15d-PGJ2 nor PGJ2 were able to induce expression of the UPII gene in NHU cells, in contrast to cultures exposed to the pharmacologic PPAR-gamma agonist, troglitazone. Conclusion. These data provide prima facie evidence that exogenous urine-derived factors do not modulate the differentiation program in urothelium, suggesting that other urothelial- or serum-derived factors are likely to be involved. These findings are important in understanding post-developmental maturation and functional relationships in urologic tissues of the adult organism.
Are People Born Equal? The Effect of WIC on Birth Outcomes

This study investigates the relationship between the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and newborn’s birth weight. The WIC program provides food packages and nutritional counseling to low income pregnant, breastfeeding, and postpartum women, and their children up to age five. This study focuses on the support the program provides to low income pregnant women at nutritional risk. Recognizing that these mothers have a high probability of delivering low birth weight infants, the WIC program aims to improve their birth outcomes. We make use of a novel dataset to show that the WIC program is fulfilling its goals by increasing weight at birth and resulting in possible substantial cost savings. We also observe that the impact of the program is not uniform but is affected by the characteristics of the recipients.
An Efficient Mining Model For Enhancing Text Classification Using k-NN

- Text classification is a supervised technique that uses labeled training data to learn the classification system and then automatically classifies the remaining text using the learned system. Classification plays a vital role in many information management and retrieval tasks. Classification includes different parts such as text processing, feature extraction, feature vector construction and final classification. In this project, apply machine learning methods for classification. In this regard, first try to exert some text pre-process in different dataset, and then extract a feature vector for each new document by using feature weighting and feature selection algorithms for enhancing the text classification accuracy. After that train our classifier by Naïve Bayesian (NB) and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithms. In experiments, both algorithms show acceptable results for text classification.
Design , Cloning and in Silico Analysis of Efficient Sirnainducing Cassette for Silencing Wheat γ-Gliadins

Gluten is an important protein source for human beings and a wide diversity of foods has been developed to take advantage of this protein in wheat flour. However, some individuals, suffering from Celiac Disease (CD), cannot tolerate proline and glutamine-rich gluten peptides including γ-gliadins. A life-long gluten free diet is the only known effective treatment for such patients. However, the sensitivity intension in CD patients can be controlled by RNA interference (RNAi) technology. The main aim of the present study is to develop an efficient and specific siRNA-inducing cassette, as a first and critical step for an effective targeting of mRNAs of wheat γ-gliadins. To achieve this aim, we have followed the strategy based on 200 bp in sense and antisense orientation with the ~160bp sequence of none potent siRNA-containing region from γgliadin gene as a spacer in between. The endosperm-specific γ-gliadin promoter was sub-cloned into upstream the cassette. The nucleotide alignment results validated the sequence data of γ-gliadin promoter and the direct inserts with high homology identities of 99% and 99.97%, respectively. Here, six potential and consecutively arranged-siRNA sites were predicted using computational approaches. All of these sites covered the inverted repeats region with high efficacy and performance values for triggering RNAi.