Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Because the Rock Will not Read the Article: A Discussion of Jeremy D. Safran's Critique of Irwin Z. Hoffman's “Doublethinking our way to Scientific Legitimacy”

In this commentary I interpret Safran's discussion of Hoffman's 2009 article by turning to the broad historical context in which their exchange takes place. I situate psychology's traditional attempt to claim a scientific warrant for its practices by discussing the 400-year-old modern-era framework first described by Descartes that is still in place today. In the process I introduce philosophical hermeneutics, which I take to be an extended argument against Cartesian distinctions such as mind/body and subjective/objective. I draw from my (1995) suggestion that a historical era can be interpreted by examining how the self, its ills, its healers, and its healing techniques come to light. My subject is the predominant self of the last 30 years, a self that increasingly appears to be understood as a computer, and I interpret the current allure of objectivist evaluative measures and manualization as an expression of that self. Finally I suggest that Hoffman's and Safran's differences are reflective of opposing moral and political responses to our current cultural terrain. Compliance with scientistic dictates about psychotherapy outcomes or graduate school “competencies” does not represent a breakthrough in therapeutic or educational technology; instead, compliance naively but effectively reinforces the political status quo. I am grateful to Daniel Masler for his helpful comments on the manuscript.
Laparoscopic Management of a Paraesophageal Hernia with Intrathoracic Stomach in Infants

Paraesophageal hernia type III in which the stomach lies in the thorax is a rare condition in children. Recently two children presented with a large type III paraesophageal hernia with an intrathoracic stomach. The stomach could be retrieved from the thorax laparoscopically and the procedure was completed with a Thai antireflux procedure.
Method to determine in vivo the relaxation time T1 of hyperpolarized xenon in rat brain

The magnetic polarization of the stable 129Xe isotope may be enhanced dramatically by means of optical techniques and, in principle, hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI should allow quantitative mapping of cerebral blood flow with better spatial resolution than scintigraphic techniques. A parameter necessary for this quantitation, and not previously known, is the longitudinal relaxation time (T 1tissue ) of 129Xe in brain tissue in vivo: a method for determining this is reported. The time course of the MR signal in the brain during arterial injection of hyperpolarized 129Xe in a lipid emulsion was analyzed using an extended two‐compartment model. The model uses experimentally determined values of the RF flip angle and the T1 of 129Xe in the lipid emulsion. Measurements on rats, in vivo, at 2.35 T gave T 1tissue = 3.6 ± 2.1 sec (±SD, n = 6). This method enables quantitative mapping of cerebral blood flow. Magn Reson Med 49:1014–1018, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transtorno do estresse pós-traumático em acidentes de trânsito: validação de escala

The study evaluates the validity of the PCL-C scale for screening victims of traffic accidents for post-traumatic stress disorder. One hundred and fourteen victims of traffic accidents participated in this study by completing the scale comprising 17 items, divided into three criteria related to the traumatic event. The Cronbach coefficient was used in order to verify the internal consistency with a value of 0.94. The exploratory factor analysis was carried out to verify the construct validity, including the analysis of the main components and factor loadings with Kaiser normalization and orthogonal rotation by the oblimin method. The results of exploratory factor analysis indicate that de construct is one-dimensional. For the suitability of the cutoff point, sensitivity and specificity analysis was carried out through the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The cutoff point which obtained the greatest sensitivity (1) was 68 points with specificity of 0.842, this being the most suitable value for the identification of the disorder. The scale for the screening of post-traumatic stress disorder showed reliable psychometric qualities.
Binocular Eye Movements Evoked by Self-Induced Motion Parallax

Perception often triggers actions, but actions may sometimes be necessary to evoke percepts. This is most evident in the recovery of depth by self-induced motion parallax. Here we show that depth information derived from one's movement through a stationary environment evokes binocular eye movements consistent with the perception of three-dimensional shape. Human subjects stood in front of a display and viewed a simulated random-dot sphere presented monocularly or binocularly. Eye movements were recorded by a head-mounted eye tracker, while head movements were monitored by a motion capture system. The display was continuously updated to simulate the perspective projection of a stationary, transparent random dot sphere viewed from the subject's vantage point. Observers were asked to keep their gaze on a red target dot on the surface of the sphere as they moved relative to the display. The movement of the target dot simulated jumps in depth between the front and back surfaces of the sphere along the line of sight. We found the subjects' eyes converged and diverged concomitantly with changes in the perceived depth of the target. Surprisingly, even under binocular viewing conditions, when binocular disparity signals conflict with depth information from motion parallax, transient vergence responses were observed. These results provide the first demonstration that self-induced motion parallax is sufficient to drive vergence eye movements under both monocular and binocular viewing conditions.
Silk fibroin: Structural implications of a remarkable amino acid sequence

The amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of Bombyx mori silk fibroin was derived from the gene sequence. The 5,263‐residue (391‐kDa) polypeptide chain comprises 12 low‐complexity “crystalline” domains made up of Gly–X repeats and covering 94% of the sequence; X is Ala in 65%, Ser in 23%, and Tyr in 9% of the repeats. The remainder includes a nonrepetitive 151‐residue header sequence, 11 nearly identical copies of a 43‐residue spacer sequence, and a 58‐residue C‐terminal sequence. The header sequence is homologous to the N‐terminal sequence of other fibroins with a completely different crystalline region. In Bombyx mori, each crystalline domain is made up of subdomains of ∼70 residues, which in most cases begin with repeats of the GAGAGS hexapeptide and terminate with the GAAS tetrapeptide. Within the subdomains, the Gly–X alternance is strict, which strongly supports the classic Pauling–Corey model, in which β‐sheets pack on each other in alternating layers of Gly/Gly and X/X contacts. When fitting the actual sequence to that model, we propose that each subdomain forms a β‐strand and each crystalline domain a two‐layered β‐sandwich, and we suggest that the β‐sheets may be parallel, rather than antiparallel, as has been assumed up to now. Proteins 2001;44:119–122. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Analysis of Various Parameters in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Adaptive FEC Technique

In Wireless sensor network, since the media is wireless there will be burst errors which leads to high bit error rate that affect the throughput. Wireless sensor networks drop the packets due to propagation errors that lead to retransmission traffic. This paper evaluates the effect of adaptive FEC in Wireless sensor networks. Adaptive FEC technique improves the throughput by dynamically tuning FEC depending upon the wireless channel loss. The main aim is to achieve desire throughput with less energy consumption. If the retransmission traffic decreases, that is error correction performed using adaptive FEC which maximize the throughput. The other related parameters packet delivery ratio, packet loss, delay, error rate are also being analyzed. The algorithm reduces the retransmission traffic by using Adaptive FEC technique thus improving the throughput and reduces the error rate .
Trends and Research Questions in

or m a n y psycho log i s t s interested in educational phenomena, the boundaries between basic and applied research are becoming increasingly blurred. Examination of recent work on the nature and development of human knowledge and intellectual skills makes it apparent that research now being directed toward educationally relevant areas is both fundamental in character and, at the same time, directed toward practical understanding. A corrective interactive network between behavioral science and educational problems appears to be developing in a strong way. Examples of such research are presented in this paper to illustrate this point. This discussion should indicate that in the 1980's, research relevant to education will involve both strong interactions with an advancing science of human cognition and increasingly sophisticated analyses of school processes.
Tracking Indistinguishable Translucent Objects over Time Using Weakly Supervised Structured Learning

We use weakly supervised structured learning to track and disambiguate the identity of multiple indistinguishable, translucent and deformable objects that can overlap for many frames. For this challenging problem, we propose a novel model which handles occlusions, complex motions and non-rigid deformations by jointly optimizing the flows of multiple latent intensities across frames. These flows are latent variables for which the user cannot directly provide labels. Instead, we leverage a structured learning formulation that uses weak user annotations to find the best hyperparameters of this model. The approach is evaluated on a challenging dataset for the tracking of multiple Drosophila larvae which we make publicly available. Our method tracks multiple larvae in spite of their poor distinguishability and minimizes the number of identity switches during prolonged mutual occlusion.
Developing Concrete Research Proposals and Facilitating Self-Directed Learning via Concept Mapping

Self-direction in learning and writing viable research proposals are considered by higher education institutions as essential skills for graduate students to start their careers as researchers. This is an evidence-based practice study focuses on the use of concept mapping to facilitate self-directed learning and enhance research proposal writing in teacher education. An action mixed methods research design was used in this study with quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were 29 graduate students who were enrolled in a core course aimed to provide learners with an in-depth understanding of research methods. All students, at the beginning of the course, were asked to write a research proposal and complete the Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS). They then were given training in the use of concept mapping technique throughout the course to develop research proposals. Students’ scores prior to and after the intervention were compared. Results indicate that students developed significantly more concrete research proposals, and displayed higher scores at post-intervention assessment. Findings of this study value and support the use of concept mapping to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the knowledge of their area of study as they reflect on every element of their proposals.
Planar Ultrathin Small Beam-Switching Antenna

A novel planar ultrathin electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) is presented in this paper. Through theoretical analysis of the electric fields of orthogonally crossed dipoles in phase quadrature, it is found that the crossed dipoles radiate linearly polarized wave with a rotational electric field in the azimuth plane. This characteristic is then utilized to design a planar crossed dipole ESPAR, termed as “CD-ESPAR. ” Furthermore, a simple but effective impedance matching method is also proposed and analyzed. To verify these concepts, a prototype with compact size and very low profile (0.42 λ0 × 0.42 λ0 ×0.006 λ0) resonating at 2.3 GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results indicate that the proposed antenna achieves more than 17.8% impedance bandwidth and can produce four directional beams, covering the whole azimuth plane. Owing to its planar ultrathin structure, compact size, electronically beam-switching ability, low power, and low cost characteristics, it is promising for applications in wireless communications.
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity and fear of personal crime: exploring their interrelationship as a function of risk estimation

Both trauma psychology and criminology have studied the psychological correlates of crime victimization. While the former discipline has primarily focused on the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among crime victims, the latter has particularly studied the association between history of victimization and fear of crime. A major difference between both concepts is that PTSD is experienced in relation to previous victimization, while fear of crime does not necessarily follow from previous victimization and is primarily experienced in anticipation of possible future victimization. Despite their different orientations, both perspectives share one central tenet: they both argue that feelings of anxiety are accompanied by increased perceptions of risk for future victimization. Given this theoretical overlap, both types of anxiety may correlate with each other. The current study explored this topic in a sample of Dutch university students (N = 375) and found that PTSD symptom severity and fear of crime were significantly associated with each other, both in univariate and multivariate analyses. This association was stronger for participants who scored higher on perceived risk of personal crime victimization than for those who scored lower. Results were discussed in light of study limitations and directions for future research.
The Java Version of the C & C Parser Version 0 . 95

Acknowledgements The first Java version of the C&C parser was created by Stephen Clark, based heavily on the C++ implementation of C&C. This first attempt had a working version of the DP-based chart parser, but a buggy version of the beam-search chart parser. Darren Foong, for his 2014/15 Part II project in the Computer Laboratory [15], did an outstanding job in taking this buggy version and producing a working beam-search parser, as well as considerably cleaning up the Java code. Luana Bulat spent considerable time in producing a new markedup file covering all the lexical categories in CCGbank, one of the features of the new parser. Wenduan Xu provided invaluable assistance along the way. Thanks to Laura Rimell, a long-suffering user of C&C and collaborator of the first author, for acting as a sounding board while the Java version was being built. Thanks to Yue Zhang, whose original shift-reduce beam search parser was the precursor to the chart-based beam search parser presented here; and Ryan McDonald, whose Cambridge NLIP seminar in 2014 provided the inspiration for appying beam search to the chart. Thanks to Julia Hockenmaier for helping Luana create the new markedup file, and of course for creating CCGbank, without which none of this research would exist. Thanks to Mark Steedman, whose shoulders we have been standing on for some time, and finally James Curran, whose original design for C&C is heavily reflected in this new version, and from whom the first author learnt most of what he knows about practical computing.
On the complexity of join dependencies

In [10] a method is proposed for decomposing join dependencies (jds) in a relational database using the notion of a hinge. This method was subsequently studied in [11] and [12]. We show how the technique of decomposition can be used to make integrity checking more efficient. It turns out that it is important to find a decomposition that minimizes the number of edges of its largest element. We show that the decompositions obtained with the method described in [10] are optimal in this respect. This minimality criterion leads to the definition of the degree of cyclicity, which allows us to classify jds and leads to the notion of n-cyclicity, of which acyclicity is a special case for n = 2. We then show that, for a fixed value of n (which may be greater than 2). integrity checking can be performed in polynomial time provided we restrict ourselves to n-cyclic jds. Finally, we generalize a well-known characterization for acyclic jds by proving that n-cyclicity is equivalent to “n-wise consistency implies global consistency. ” As a consequence, consistency checking can be performed in polynomial time if we restrict ourselves to n-cyclic jds, for a tired value of n, not necessarily equal to 2.
Transactions on Information and Systems

The Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) is a kernel-based statistical independence measure that can be computed very efficiently. However, it requires us to determine the kernel parameters heuristically because no objective model selection method is available. Least-squares mutual information (LSMI) is another statistical independence measure that is based on direct density-ratio estimation. Although LSMI is computationally more expensive than HSIC, LSMI is equipped with cross-validation, and thus the kernel parameter can be determined objectively. In this paper, we show that HSIC can actually be regarded as an approximation to LSMI, which allows us to utilize cross-validation of LSMI for determining kernel parameters in HSIC. Consequently, both computational efficiency and cross-validation can be achieved.
Balancing power signature in secure systems

Dual-rail code, return-to-spacer protocol and hazard-free logic is used to make power consumption of synchronous circuits independent from data processed. A new compact dual-rail flip-flop is designed, whose power consumption is also data-independent. A method for negative gate optimisation of dual-rail logic is described, which results in faster and smaller circuits. A tool for dual-rail circuit optimisation is developed. The tool is interfaced to the Cadence CAD system. Dual-rail and single-rail benchmarks are simulated and compared.
Winding factor analysis of star-delta windings

Windings utilizing the star-delta (Y-D) topology are known to offer an improved MMF spectrum as the main winding factor is increased while parasitic spatial harmonics are decreased or even cancelled. Although several windings were proposed in the past, winding factors were mostly calculated individually depending on the specific winding under consideration. By applying classical theory this research presents a detailed analysis of winding factors. Closed analytical terms for Y-D winding factors are derived, covering distributed as well as fractional-slot windings. It is shown that all known Y-D windings can be described by a modified group- or zone factor. The general design procedure is presented and several design examples are discussed briefly.
Online Discovery and Learning of Predictive State Representations

Predictive state representations (PSRs) are a method of modeling dynamical systems using only observable data, such as actions and observations, to describe their model. PSRs use predictions about the outcome of future tests to summarize the system state. The best existing techniques for discovery and learning of PSRs use a Monte Carlo approach to explicitly estimate these outcome probabilities. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for discovery and learning of PSRs that uses a gradient descent approach to compute the predictions for the current state. The algorithm takes advantage of the large amount of structure inherent in a valid prediction matrix to constrain its predictions. Furthermore, the algorithm can be used online by an agent to constantly improve its prediction quality; something that current state of the art discovery and learning algorithms are unable to do. We give empirical results to show that our constrained gradient algorithm is able to discover core tests using very small amounts of data, and with larger amounts of data can compute accurate predictions of the system dynamics.
Higher­Order Functions and Structured Datatypes

Recent proposals from the World Wide Web consortium propose adding support for higher-order functions within the XQuery standard. In this work we explore languages adding higher-order features on top of XML and other structured datatypes. We deﬁne a higher-order extension for Core XQuery, along with a higher-order algebra over complex values which has the same complexity as the XML-based language. We discuss our language and its relation with proposed extensions to the XQuery standard, study the complexity of evaluation, and brieﬂy discuss our approach to implementing the language.
PARADIGM-COV: A multimensional test coverage analysis tool

Currently, software tends to assume increasingly critical roles in our society so assuring its quality becomes ever more crucial. There are several tools and processes of software testing to help increase quality in virtually any type of software. One example is the so called Model-Based Testing (MBT) tools, that generate test cases from models. However, most of these tools have a configuration phase, where test input data is provided manually by the tester, which influences the quality of the test suite generated. By adding coverage analysis to MBT tools it is possible to give feedback and help the tester to define the configuration data needed to achieve the most valuable test suite as possible. This paper presents a tool, PARADIGM-COV, that produces coverage information both over the PARADIGM model elements (to assess if input data is adequate to cover the test goals and assess if preconditions are achievable), and during test case execution (to identify the parts of the model/code that were actually exercised).
Telepresence and Attention : Secondary Task Reaction Time and Media Form

Attention to media has been widely studied. Often when studying attention, researchers have not distinguished to what the participants are attending – media form or media content of the presentation. This is also true of many studies on telepresence where the interaction of media form and content has been found to influence the sub-dimensions of telepresence reported by participants. However, several different elements of media form and content have been shown to be more helpful than others in bringing participants mediated worlds. In the current experiment, we use secondary task performance/reaction time (STRT) to measure attention to a media presentation and compare this attention measure to traditional self-report measures of Telepresence (Immersion, Social Reality, Spatial Presence, and Transportation) and Enjoyment. Further, we compare the STRT measure with the composite items of TelepresenceImmersion. The results indicate that STRT is a covariate, in the model with independent variables of Pace and Screen Size. Implications are discussed Keywords---Telepresence, Immersion, Attention, Secondary Task Reaction Time.
The Net and the Self

Analyse complete de la transformation de la societe et de la culture impliquee dans l'emergence de la societe d'information. Apres avoir repris les theories du post-industrialisme, l'A. montre la reelle nature revolutionnaire des nouvelles technologies d'information en interaction avec la structure sociale : la culture et le symbolique deviennent des forces de production directes, un lien est etabli entre les processus de production, la distribution et la gestion a travers des organisations et des types d'activites, la necessite de la flexibilite apparait, la tension entre globalisation et individualisation s'accentue, les sources de pouvoir ont evolue. La transformation de la condition feminine a entraine une redefinition de la famille, de la sexualite et de la personnalite. La globalisation de l'economie entraine une interdependance de la structure sociale dans le monde entier. Les societes sont faites de reseaux de flux qui operent a quatre niveaux et qui influent sur la structure sociale des reseaux