Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Health Behavior Among Medical Student at Universitas Padjadjaran

Background: Healthy behavior is defined as personal behavior to maintain and improve their health. This includes physical exercise, dietary habit, sleep pattern, stress management, and non smoking behavior, which may greatly contributes to human health. Healthy behavior is essential for medical students as they are becoming future doctors who should advise patients toward healthy lifestyle. This study was conducted to compare healthy behavior between first- and fifth-year medical students. Method : A cross-sectional study was done over 150 medical students of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran (75 first-year students and 75 fifth-year students) between October to November 2013. Data was collected by filling the questionnaire. A scoring mechanism designed to compare healthy behavior between those groups. Results: 75 first and five-year medical students were enrolled in each group. Smoking behavior was more frequent among the fifth-year compared to the first-year students (p=0.013). There were no significant differences in physical exercise (p=0.594), dietary habit (p=0.166) and sleep (p=0.504) between the groups. First year students were more likely to experience mental and emotional stress (p=0.021) than the five-year students. However, there was no significant difference in overall healthy behavior between first-year and fifth-year medical students (p=0.519). Conclusion: Overall healthy behavior is similar between first- and fifth-year medical students. However, in terms of specific behavior, the first-year students tend to be less able to manage mental and emotional stress, whereas smoking is more likely among five-year medical students. Effective intervention needs to be designed to improve healthy behavior among medical students.
University of Birmingham A comparison of course-related stressors in undergraduate problem-based learning (PBL) versus non-PBL medical programmes

Background: Medical students report high levels of stress related to their medical training as well as to other personal and financial factors. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in course-related stressors reported by medical students on undergraduate problem-based learning (PBL) and non-PBL programmes in the UK. Method: A cross-sectional study of second-year medical students in two UK medical schools (one PBL and one non-PBL programme) was conducted. A 16-question self-report questionnaire, derived from the Perceived Medical Student Stress Scale and the Higher Education Stress Inventory, was used to measure course-related stressors. Following univariate analysis of each stressor between groups, multivariate logistic regression was used to determine which stressors were the best predictors of each course type, while controlling for socio-demographic differences between the groups. Results: A total of 280 students responded. Compared to the non-PBL students (N = 197), the PBL students (N = 83) were significantly more likely to agree that: they did not know what the faculty expected of them (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.38, p = 0.03); there
An improved eLBPH method for facial identity recognition: Expression-specific weighted local binary pattern histogram

Face perception is one of the most important tasks in robot vision especially for service robots. The spatially enhanced local binary pattern histogram (eLBPH) method has been proved to be effective for facial image representation and analysis, but the expression factor isn't considered and the region-dividing method is rough. In this paper, inspired by the biological mechanism of human memory and face perception, we improve the eLBPH and propose a new method, expression-specific weighted local binary pattern histogram (EWLBPH). Accordingly, the new method introduces a semantic division process and an extended modulation process into the classical eLBPH. What's more, for the facial expression recognition, we propose a novel method which utilizes the convolutional deep belief network (CDBN) to extract discriminative information and represent them effectively. Finally, through experiments we verify the rationality and effectiveness of the improvement and two psychophysical findings.
A Comparsion Study Between Generic and Metadata Search Engines in an E-learning Environment

The huge explosion of the amount of information on the web makes it difficult for online students to find specific information with a specific media format unless a prior analysis has been made. In this paper, we present a comparison study between Generic and Metadata Search engines in a multimedia repository of lectures. Both Search engines were modified to index text, powerpoint, audio, video, podcast, and vodcast lectures. These lectures are stored in a prototype E-learning webbased platform. Each lecture in this platform has been tagged with metadata using the domain-knowledge of these resources. This comparison study was evaluated based on precision.
Implementation of DPZL Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Distributed System based on Task Partition- Review

FPZL (Fixed Priority until Zero Laxity) scheduling algorithm for multiprocessor real-time systems is similar to global fixed priority pre-emptive scheduling however, whenever a task reaches a state of zero laxity it is given the highest priority. FPZL is a minimally dynamic algorithm, in that the priority of a job can change at most once during its execution. Real time systems research has extensively investigated the sequencing dimension of the scheduling problem by extending uni-processor scheduling techniques to more complex architectures. In FPZL, fixed priorities are assigned to the jobs and are scheduled accordingly until the state of zero laxity is reached and it does not follow any priority order. FPZL concentrates on scheduling more jobs as far as possible. The algorithm which will be described in this paper is the DPZL which will employs the priority order. Instead of giving up processing of some tasks completely, this algorithm completes some portion of the tasks and at the same time if any zero laxity task arrives it takes that task also into consideration and schedules accordingly. In this way, this algorithm tries to process more jobs as compared to the FPZL algorithm and increases the CPU Utilization.
Specification of the UNIX Filing System

A specification of the UNIX filing system is given using a notation based on elementary mathematical set theory. The notation used involves very few special constructs of its own. The specification is detailed enough to capture the filing system's behavior at the system call level, yet abstracts from issues of data representation, whether in programs or on the storage medium, and from the description of any algorithms which might be used to implement the system. The presentation of the specification is in several stages, each new stage building on its predecessors; major concepts are introduced separately so that they may be easily understood. The notation used allows these separate stages to be joined together to give a complete description of each filing system operation-including its error conditions. Features of the specification notation are explained as they are used, and the Appendix gives the definitions of the symbols drawn from set theory.
The impact of shocks on the chemistry of molecular clouds High resolution images of chemical differentiation along the NGC 1333-IRAS 2A outflow

This paper presents a detailed study of the chemistry in the outflow associated with the low-mass protostar NGC 1333-IRAS 2A down to 3" (650 AU) scales. Millimeter-wavelength aperture-synthesis observations from the Owens Valley and Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland-Association interferometers and (sub)millimeter single-dish observations from the Onsala Space Observatory 20 m telescope and Caltech Submillimeter Observatory are presented. The interaction of the highly collimated protostellar outflow with a molecular condensation ~15000 AU from the central protostar is clearly traced by molecular species such as HCN, SiO, SO, CS, and CH_(3)OH. Especially SiO traces a narrow high velocity component at the interface between the outflow and the molecular condensation. Multi-transition single-dish observations are used to distinguish the chemistry of the shock from that of the molecular condensation and to address the physical conditions therein. Statistical equilibrium calculations reveal temperatures of 20 and 70 K for the quiescent and shocked components, respectively, and densities near 10^6 cm^(-3). The line-profiles of low- and high-excitation lines are remarkably similar, indicating that the physical properties are quite homogeneous within each component. Significant abundance enhancements of two to four orders of magnitude are found in the shocked region for molecules such as CH_(3)OH, SiO and the sulfur-bearing molecules. HCO^+ is seen only in the aftermath of the shock consistent with models where it is destroyed through release of H_(2)O from grain mantles in the shock. N_(2)H^+ shows narrow lines, not affected by the outflow but rather probing the ambient cloud. The overall molecular inventory is compared to other outflow regions and protostellar environments. Differences in abundances of HCN, H_(2)CO and CS are seen between different outflow regions and are suggested to be related to differences in the atomic carbon abundance. Compared to the warm inner parts of protostellar envelopes, higher abundances of in particular CH_(3)OH and SiO are found in the outflows, which may be related to density differences between the regions.
Thymoquinone subdues tumor growth and potentiates the chemopreventive effect of 5-fluorouracil on the early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis in rats

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and has a high mortality rate. Insensitivity and the limited therapeutic efficacy of its standard chemotherapeutic drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), represents an important challenge in CRC treatment. The robust antitumor properties of thymoquinone (TQ), the main bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa, have recently been demonstrated on different cancers. We investigated whether TQ could potentiate the chemopreventive effect of 5-FU to eradicate the early stages of CRC and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. An intermediate-term (15 weeks) model of colorectal tumorigenesis was induced in male Wistar rats by azoxymethane (AOM), and the animals were randomly and equally divided into five groups: control, AOM, AOM/5-FU, AOM/TQ, and AOM/5-FU/TQ. TQ (35 mg/kg/d; 3 d/wk) was given during the seventh and 15th weeks post-AOM injection, while 5-FU was given during the ninth and tenth weeks (12 mg/kg/d for 4 days; then 6 mg/kg every other day for another four doses). At week 15, the resected colons were subjected to macroscopic, histopathological, molecular, and immunohistochemical examinations. Interestingly, 5-FU/TQ combination therapy resulted in a more significant reduction on AOM-induced colorectal tumors and large aberrant crypts foci than treatment with the individual drugs. Mechanistically, 5-FU and TQ remarkably cooperated to repress the expression of procancerous Wnt, β-catenin, NF-κB, COX-2, iNOS, VEGF, and TBRAS and upregulate the expression of anti-tumorigenesis DKK-1, CDNK-1A, TGF-β1, TGF-βRII, Smad4, and GPx. Overall, our findings present the first report describing the in vivo enhancement effect of combined TQ and 5-FU against early stages of CRC; however, further studies are required to determine the value of this combination therapy in an advanced long-term model of CRC and also to realize its clinical potential.
An efficient cryptographic approach for secure policy based routing: (TACIT Encryption Technique)

In today's world, most of the means of secure data, code storage and distribution rely on suitable cryptographic schemes such as certificates or encryption keys. Thus cryptographic mechanism forms a foundation upon which many important aspects of the solid security system are built. A cryptographic algorithm is considered to be computationally secured if it cannot be broken with standard resources, either current or future and apart from the algorithm distribution of keys also more important to make an efficient cryptosystem. In this paper we have introduced a new block cipher cryptographic symmetric key algorithm named “TACIT Encryption Technique” which has a unique independent approach by using some suitable mathematical logic along with a new key distribution system which is being applied on a secure policy based routing.
Fault Diagnosis for RAMs Using Walsh Spectrum

SUMMARY In this paper, we show a method to locate a single stuckat fault of a random access memory (RAM). From the fail-bitmaps of the RAM, we obtain their Walsh spectrum. For a single stuck-at fault, we show that the fault can be identified and located by using only the 0-th and 1-st coefficients of the spectrum. We also show a circuit to compute these coefficients. The computation time is O(2 n ), where n is the number of bits in the address of the RAM. The computation time is much shorter than one
Localizing Stationary Target in Distributed Network Environment

After discussing the drawbacks of localization algorithm for stationary or slow speed target in WSN, new algorithm based on precise propagation time delay measurement is introduced. Mechanisms for time sampling and TOA measuring procedure are described in detail, which make the measurement error equivalent to CPU instruction cycle. The effect of NLoS is considered in location calculation procedure, which leads to the adoption of variance weight method. Through simulation, the localization precision can reaches 10m in LoS environment and 20m for NLoS.
Geological Changes of the Americas and their Influence on the Diversification of the Neotropical Kissing Bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)

Background The family Reduviidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), or assassin bugs, is among the most diverse families of the true bugs, with more than 6,000 species. The subfamily Triatominae (kissing bugs) is noteworthy not simply because it is the only subfamily of the Reduviidae whose members feed on vertebrate blood but particularly because all 147 known members of the subfamily are potential Chagas disease vectors. Due to the epidemiological relevance of these species and the lack of an efficient treatment and vaccine for Chagas disease, it is more common to find evolutionary studies focusing on the most relevant vectors than it is to find studies aiming to understand the evolution of the group as a whole. We present the first comprehensive phylogenetic study aiming to understand the events that led to the diversification of the Triatominae. Methodology/Principal Findings We gathered the most diverse samples of Reduviidae and Triatominae (a total of 229 Reduviidae samples, including 70 Triatominae species) and reconstructed a robust dated phylogeny with several fossil (Reduviidae and Triatominae) calibrations. Based on this information, the possible role of geological events in several of the major cladogenetic events within Triatominae was tested for the first time. We were able to not only correlate the geological changes in the Neotropics with Triatominae evolution but also add to an old discussion: Triatominae monophyly vs. paraphyly. Conclusions/Significance We found that most of the diversification events observed within the Rhodniini and Triatomini tribes are closely linked to the climatic and geological changes caused by the Andean uplift in South America and that variations in sea levels in North America also played a role in the diversification of the species of Triatoma in that region.
Wine communication in a global market: a study of metaphor through the genre of Australian wine reviews

This thesis is a report on wine communication focused on metaphoric language identified in the genre of wine reviews. Specifically, the research centred on Australian wine reviews written by Australian wine critics about Australian wines currently exported to the greater China region. In the genre of wine reviews, metaphoric expressions are frequently used to talk about wine (Caballero & Suarez-Toste, 2008). The thesis developed understanding of the influence of metaphoric language and its potential to constrain or motivate people’s sensory and affective responses to wine and highlighted the need to consider congruency of metaphoric language in terms of wine communication and education. The research was theoretically framed by the conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) of Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and took a cognitive linguistic perspective to metaphor analysis (Croft & Cruse, 2004). Wine appreciation was argued to be a social event in contrast to an observational event. From this perspective, wine appreciation is concerned with influencing audience perceptions in contrast to a spontaneous commentary of an event. The thesis presents the findings of two qualitative studies that used a corpus approach to metaphor use and understanding in the genre of wine reviews. The investigation identified metaphoric expressions in Australian wine reviews and went on to explore their understanding and transfer by wine educators in Australia and China. Metaphor identification used the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit (Steen et al., 2010) and the UCREL Semantic Annotation System (Archer et al., 2004) for semantic and conceptual analysis. Results indicated six underpinning metaphoric themes (i.e., AN OBJECT, A THREE DIMENSIONAL ARTEFACT, AN INSTITUTIONAL ARTEFACT, A TEXTILE, A LIVING ORGANISM, and A PERSON) of which spatial and temporal properties were often integrated. A comparison of wine educator responses to interpretation and transmission tasks showed that anthropomorphic metaphor (i.e., WINE IS A PERSON) tended to be conceptualized similarly by participants more often than other metaphoric themes. In conclusion, the cultural artefact of language used in the genre of wine reviews and the metaphoric potential of linguistic choices on sensory and affective perceptions indicates a need for the consideration of congruency when wine communication crosses cultural and linguistic borders.
Two-Tier Model for Supporting Network Functions Virtualization with FoCES

Network functions virtualization (NFV) is used to leverage standard virtualization technologies to consolidate multiple network functions onto industry standard equipment. And most network functions consist of two layers including control plane and data plane. So we put forward a two-tier model for supporting network function virtualization based on ForCES framework. It includes three key components: CP, NF, and NF Manager. NF Manager judges which CP is active and establishes communication channel between NF and CP. NF is regarded as one of network functions such as switching elements, mobile network nodes, and other network-wide functions. CP runs the NF terminals to manage corresponding NFs and configures NF topology to customize service chaining. Besides, this model should include authentication and authorization mechanism to ensure communication security and NF security, message priority to provide different service of quality for different network functions, and CP redundancy or CP failover to reduce the affect introduced by a single point of failure. This paper mainly puts forward a general model for network functions virtualization, points out key-components, and lists current technologies related with NFV. At last, it designs two typical frameworks based on our proposed two-tier model. We hope our analysis about device framework for supporting network functions virtualization can enhance the speed of deployment of network functions virtualization.
HoneydV6: A low-interaction IPv6 honeypot

This paper starts with the presentation of results from an IPv6-darknet experiment that we conducted during summer 2012. The experiment indicates that attackers are gaining interest in IPv6 networks and appropriate security tools need to be readied. Therefore, we propose HoneydV6, a low-interaction IPv6 honeypot that can simulate entire IPv6 networks and which may be utilized to detect and analyze IPv6 network attacks. Our implementation extends the well-known low-interaction honeypot Honeyd. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first low-interaction honeypot which is able to simulate entire IPv6 networks on a single host. The huge IPv6 address spaces requires new approaches and concepts in order to enable attackers to find and exploit a honeypot. We increase the chance for an attacker to find a target host in our IPv6 honeypot by reacting to the attacker's requests with the dynamic generation of new IPv6 host instances in the honeynet.
DNA Adducts of the Antitumor Agent Diaziquone1

We have studied adduct formation of the antineoplastic agent diaziquone (AZQ; NSC 182986) with DNA and nucleotides in vitro. The a/iridine moieties of AZQ can be expected to interact covalently with DNA which, in turn, presumably elicits the antitumor activity. We analyzed AZQ-DNA adducts by a modified "P-postlabeling assay in volving purification of the nuclease P,-enriched labeled adducts by high-salt C,Â»reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography and separation of the eluted adducts on a polyethyleneimine-cellulose layer using non-urea salt solutions. Modification of calf thymus DNA with AZQ produced two major (22% and 40%) and at least eight minor adducts. At equal concen trations of AZQ and DNA (1 MÃ Ã /V'leach), peak binding was observed in about 2 h (1926 Â±378 (SD) fmol/jig of DNA| with the binding levels remaining practically unchanged through 4 h. However, incubation for 24 h resulted in over 40% decline, indicating adduct instability. AZQ was found to be highly reactive in vitro as evidenced by its substantial binding (49 Â±14 fmol/fig of DNA) even at a DNA:AZQ ratio of 100:1. When incubated with mononucleotides, AZQ reacted extensively with adenine, guanine, and cytosine but only slightly with thymine. Cochromatography of the modified DNA and nucleotides revealed that one of the major adducts and several minor adducts were guanine derived. The aziridine rings of AZQ were found to be the main reactive sites as its inono-aminoalcohol derivative showed as much DNA reactivity as did the parent compound, but no activity was observed when both aziridine groups were hydrolyzed to diaminoalcohols. The improved "P-postlabeling assay seems capable of detecting relatively polar adducts such as those formed with AZQ at a level of one adduci/1 (C1nucleotides. HPLC a Beckman Ultrasphere CiÂ«semipreparative column (10 250 and a acetonitrile:H2O (15:85, v/v) isocratic mobile phase at a flow rate of 2.0 ml/min. A sample size of 500 p\ in H;O:methanol (1:1) was used injection. were lyophilized and AZQMAA was obtained as a dark-brown solid: m.p. 146-148Â°C(dec.); UVma, 511, 238, and 213 nm (t 4775, 7162, 6226, 5491); IR vmax= NMR (acetone-Â«/*):51.21 (t, (s, 3.66 3.78 (m, 4H, HNâ€”CH;â€”
The Behavior Change Consortium studies: missed opportunities--individual focus with an inadequate engagement with personhood and socio-economic realities.

Volume 17, issue 5 of Health Education Research was devoted to the work of the Behavior Change Consortium (BCC) in the United States. Because the BCC approach constitutes one perspective on improving the health of the public, we asked for a Commentary on the BCC approach by Dr Jim Connelly of Leeds University, UK. Below is his perspective on the BCC approach, as well as two responses from BCC members to his critique. We invite commentary, as Letters to the Editor, on this important discussion.