Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations between Antibacterial Treatment and the Prevalence of Tail-Biting-Related Sequelae in Danish Finishers at Slaughter

Secondary infections as a result of tail biting cause substantial economic losses in pig production and are a subject of concern for animal welfare. The use of first-choice antibacterial agents in the treatment of tail biting in finishing pigs is hypothesized to be negatively correlated with the development of systemic infection. This would be expected to reduce the prevalence of post-mortem pyemic sequelae (such as osteomyelitis and abscesses) in finishers with tail-bite lesions. We performed a register-based study that included three Danish databases, holding information on the purchase of antibacterials at herd level (VetStat), herd demographics (Central Husbandry Register), and relevant observations at slaughter (meat inspection data). We included all finishers from indoor production finisher herds that met the inclusion criterion of at least one slaughtered finisher with a recorded tail-bite observation during 2015 at the single largest Danish abattoir. The final dataset held 1,070 herds with one or more tail-bite observations, from which 14,411 of 2,906,626 finishers (0.50%) had an individual record of a tail bite. Within this group of finishers with tail-bite observations, the recorded tail-biting-related sequelae included osteomyelitis (8.1%), abscesses in the hindquarters (10.5%), abscesses in the forequarters (2.3%), abscesses in the mid-section of the carcass (2.9%), abscesses in the limbs (2.4%), and chronic arthritis (0.5%). Due to a high-herd prevalence (>25%), osteomyelitis and abscesses in the hindquarters were selected for further analysis. The occurrence of osteomyelitis and hindquarter abscesses in individual finishers with tail-bite observations was described using a generalized linear mixed effects model with binomial response and logit link. Herd was included as a random effect, while herd size and various antibacterial treatments were tested for inclusion in the model as fixed effects. The final models indicated a significant association between herd size and both osteomyelitis (p = 0.014) and hindquarter abscesses (p < 0.001), with larger herds (2,001–12,000 registered finisher pigs) showing a reduced risk. Further, a negative association was found between the occurrence of hindquarter abscesses and the use of oral pleuromutilin (p = 0.022). The significant association with herd size highlights the potential importance of management factors in reducing the occurrence of tail-bite lesions in finishing pigs.
Long‐term amygdalohippocampal stimulation for refractory temporal lobe epilepsy

Short‐term deep brain stimulation (DBS) recently has been shown to be efficacious in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. We (1) evaluated long‐term DBS in medial temporal lobe structures in patients with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and (2) investigated the use of chronic DBS electrodes for the localization of the ictal onset zone before DBS. In three patients with complex partial seizures (CPSs), DBS electrodes were implanted in the amygdalohippocampal region to identify and subsequently stimulate the ictal onset zone. CPSs were compared before and after chronic DBS. Side effects were carefully monitored. DBS electrodes yielded high‐quality electroencephalogram recordings showing unilateral seizure onset in medial temporal lobe structures. For all patients, unilateral amygdalohippocampal stimulation was performed. After a mean follow‐up of 5 months (range, 3–6 months), all patients had a greater than 50% reduction in seizure frequency. In two patients, antiepileptic drugs could be tapered. None of the patients reported side effects. This open study demonstrates the feasibility of consecutive electroencephalographic recordings and DBS in medial temporal lobe structures using DBS electrodes. These results prompt further studies in a larger patient population to establish the efficacy and safety of chronic DBS as an alternative treatment for refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.
Thromboprophylaxis in Medical Patients: Focus on France

In 2000, the French authorities licensed the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients. However, the lack of official recommendations for this group of patients has contributed to inappropriate use of LMWH. The recent College of Internal Medicine of Paris (CIMOP) and Données Epidémiologiques chez les Patients A Risque Thromboembolique (DEPART) epidemiological studies have confirmed that LMWH is prescribed for 32% of medical inpatients and up to 44% of outpatients. However, they highlight overuse in elderly bedridden patients without acute illness and underuse in patients with severe infections or cardiopulmonary disease. Guidelines are urgently needed to encourage French physicians to target thromboprophylaxis for medical patients who are genuinely at high risk of thromboembolic disease and to prescribe the appropriate dose and duration of therapy.
Study on anti-osteosarcoma activity of ethanol extract of Venenum bufonis in vitro.

BACKGROUND Venenum bufonis is the dried white secretion of the auricular and skin glands of Bufo gargarizans Cantor, or Bufo melanostictus Schneider, Bufonidae. It is used in the treatment of deep-rooted carbuncle, boils and swelling; pain in the throat, heart stroke, coma, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. The objective of this paper is to preliminarily observe the effects of ethanol extract of Venenum bufonis on growth, and proliferation of human osteosarcoma U2OS cell lines, and to provide a theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the clinical application of Venenum bufonis for osteosarcoma inhibition, with its mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS SRB assay was used to determine the effect of Venenum bufonis ethanol extract on U2OS cell line activity, and to detect its inhibitory dose-effect on osteosarcoma cells. FCM was applied to determine the effect of Venenum bufonis ethanol extract on U2OS cell apoptosis and to perform cell cycle analysis. RESULTS As results, different Venenum bufonis ethanol extracts showed apparent concentration-effect relationships on U2OS cell lines. FCM analysis showed that it had a U2OS apoptosis promoting effect, which increased with increasing concentration. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the Venenum bufonis ethanol extract mainly arrested U2OS in the G0/G1 phase, preventing the cells from progressing to the S phase. CONCLUSION The study concluded that Venenum bufonis ethanol extract has an inhibitory effect on proliferation of osteosarcoma U2OS cells.
G‐CSF after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in lymphoma patients significantly accelerated neutrophil recovery and shortened time in hospital: results of a randomized BNLI trial

We have undertaken a prospective randomized study in 90 patients with relapsed or resistant lymphomas to assess the value of G‐CSF (lenograstim) in the acceleration of myeloid recovery after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). A common regimen of cyclophosphamide 1.5 g/m2 on day 1 and lenograstim 263 μg s.c. on days 2–10 with two aphereses on days 10 and 11 was used for stem cell mobilization. 77% of patients achieved an adequate PBSC collection in two harvests (>2 × 108 MNC/kg or >2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg). 65 patients went on to receive high‐dose BEAM chemotherapy and engraftment data was available for 62. 34 patients had been randomized to receive lenograstim 263 μg/d s.c. and 28 to no growth factor. The median time to ANC > 0.5 × 109/l was 9 d in the lenograstim arm versus 12.5 d in the no‐lenograstim arm (P = 0.0001). This was associated with a median duration of time in hospital post PBSCT of 13 d in the lenograstim arm versus 15.5 d in the no‐lenograstim arm (P = 0.0002). Median days to platelet independence, platelet transfusions, incidence of infection and red cell transfusion were the same in both arms. These data indicate that lenograstim significantly accelerated myeloid recovery after PBSCT and shortened the duration of hospital stay.
Treatment and posttreatment outcomes induced by the Mandibular Advancement Repositioning Appliance; a controlled clinical study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the treatment and posttreatment dentoskeletal effects induced by the Mandibular Advancement Repositioning Appliance (MARA) in the treatment of Class II malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The treated sample consisted of 23 consecutively treated patients at prepubertal or pubertal stages, as assessed by the cervical vertebral maturation method. A control group of untreated Class II subjects was generated from published normative growth data. Lateral cephalograms were digitized and superimposed via cephalometric software at three different times: T1, pretreatment; T2, post-MARA treatment; and T3, at least 1 year after T2. The T1-T2, T2-T3, and T1-T3 changes in the treated group were compared to those in the control group with independent-sample Student's t-tests. RESULTS Skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of MARA were assessed after the active phase of the treatment (T1-T2). Mandibular elongation in length (Co-Gn, +2.2 mm) was evident together with lower incisor proclination (IMPA, +5.8 mm). A relapse tendency for IMPA was noticed after removing the appliance (IMPA, -2.1° during T2-T3). Significant skeletal effects (Co-Gn, +2.0 mm) and headgear effects on the maxilla (SNA, -1.2°) were significant in the long term (T1-T3). CONCLUSIONS The MARA appliance provides an effective correction of Class II malocclusion, which is maintained at a posttreatment observation with a moderate skeletal effect.
Mission Drift in Microfinance: An Exploratory Empirical Approach Based on Ideal Types

Abstract Purpose In this chapter, I develop a theoretical framework to address the financial–social performance debate in strategy research, drawing on literatures on institutional logics and organizational forms. Methodology/design I test the theoretical framework using an exploratory empirical approach based on ideal types with global microfinance data. A joint consideration of financial and social performances of microfinance organizations (MFOs) helps classify them into four ideal types – self-sustainable, mission-drifting, failing, and subsidized. I examine how an MFO’s organizational form and the configurations of institutional logics of the nation within which it is embedded jointly explain which ideal type the MFO falls into. Findings Based on a study of 1455 MFOs in 98 countries between 1995 and 2007, I show that the interactions between national institutional logics and organizational forms add significant predicting power in estimating MFOs’ ideal types. Explaining the intricate relationships between the financial and social performance of MFOs thus requires a simultaneous consideration of both the configuration of national logics and organizational forms. Originality/value The theoretical framework introduced in this chapter builds on recent developments in the institutional logics perspective and research on organizational forms, extending our understanding of the financial–social performance relationship among organizations. It also advances the social entrepreneurship literature by focusing our attention on various institutions at both national and organizational levels that may facilitate or inhibit social venture efficacy.
A Multi-agent Based Architecture for Web Service Selection in E-business

Web service is a new technology that allows application development and integration using the service-oriented computing paradigm. E-business is a system that uses the internet as the basis for interacting with customers, suppliers, and other business partners. It is an effective mechanism for the data and service integration on the web to provide a dynamic e-business application. The Web services selection in e-business applications is the process that selects satisfying services to form Web services composition. This paper presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO) method based Web services selection model, and the proposed Web services selection model is realized by a multi-agent system (MAS). In the MAS, agents can represent autonomous service requester, service providers and other functions in the e-business applications.
Monte Carlo Simulations of Electron Energy-Loss Spectra with the Addition of Fine Structure from Density Functional Theory Calculations

Abstract A new approach is presented to introduce the fine structure of core-loss excitations into the electron energy-loss spectra of ionization edges by Monte Carlo simulations based on an optical oscillator model. The optical oscillator strength is refined using the calculated electron energy-loss near-edge structure by density functional theory calculations. This approach can predict the effects of multiple scattering and thickness on the fine structure of ionization edges. In addition, effects of the fitting range for background removal and the integration range under the ionization edge on signal-to-noise ratio are investigated.
Incidence and Outcome of Whiplash Injury After Multiple Trauma

Study Design. A retrospective study of 101 consecutive polytrauma patients with regard to whiplash injury. Objectives. To investigate the incidence and evaluate long-term outcome of whiplash injury following high-energy trauma. Summary of Background Data. Chronic whiplash injury has been widely reported in the literature, following low-energy trauma. Very few studies exist on whiplash injury following high-energy trauma. Methods. A total of 101 consecutive polytrauma patients admitted to our Level I Trauma Center over a 2-year period, fulfilling the inclusion criteria (age >18 years, high-energy trauma [a fall from a height >2 m, road traffic accidents with speed >30 km/h], and Injury Severity Score >16), were assessed. Whiplash injury was defined according to Quebec Task Force guidelines. The study group (n = 13) included patients who developed whiplash injury symptoms and the control group (n = 88) those who did not. The Neck Disability Index was calculated as an outcome measure for patients complaining of whiplash injury symptoms. The mean follow-up was 17 months. The &khgr;2 and Student t tests were used for the statistical analysis (SPSS 12.1; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). Results. Only 13 out of 101 patients (1 female/12 male) (13%) complained of whiplash injury. There was a significantly higher rate of neck pain at triage (P < 0.001) and higher combined mean of Abbreviated Injury Score of upper torso (P < 0.0001) in the study group, elucidating the cause of whiplash injury. The Neck Disability Index was <24 points, indicating only mild-to-moderate disability in these patients. Whiplash injury incidence in this study (13%) was similar to the incidence of neck pain in the general population. Conclusions. The incidence of whiplash injury following polytrauma was found to be low in our study. There is no dose-response relation between magnitude of trauma severity and incidence of whiplash injury.
A GC-rich Region Containing Sp1 and Sp1-like Binding Sites Is a Crucial Regulatory Motif for Fatty Acid Synthase Gene Promoter Activity in Adipocytes

We have previously shown that the proximal 2-kb sequence of the fatty acid synthase (FAS) promoter transfected into rat adipocytes was highly sensitive to the cellular context, displaying an overactivity in obese (fa/fa) versus lean Zucker rat adipocytes. Using deletional analysis, we show here that FAS promoter activity mainly depends on a region from −200 to −126. This sequence exerts a strong negative effect on FAS promoter in adipocytes from lean rats but not in those from obese rats, resulting in a marked overtranscriptional activity in the latter cells. This region, fused to a heterologous promoter, the E1b TATA box, induced differential levels of gene reporter activity in lean and obese rat adipocytes, indicating it harbors fa-responsive element(s). Whatever the rat genotype, adipocyte nuclear proteins were shown to footprint the same protected sequence within the fa-responsive region, and supershift analysis demonstrated that Sp1 or Sp1-like proteins were bound to this DNA subregion. Compelling evidence that the Sp1 binding site contained in this sequence was implicated in the differential promoter activity in lean versus obese rats, was provided by the observation that mutations at this Sp1 site induced a 2.5-fold increase in FAS promoter activity in adipocytes from lean rats, whereas they had no effect in adipocytes from obese rats.
A survey of classification algorithms for network traffic

Network traffic in the world wide is calculated to rise every year twice the times. To keep pace and profit from this increased amount of flows efficiently. And offer new services. Some efficient techniques needed. Day by day new applications are invented and they have heterogeneous nature in network environment and communication between these new devices also a critical part. improving the network performance, establish proper service policies in router, handling network security risks, management of network operations and provide Qos services to users in internet. To solve these issues classification techniques are used. In this survey different classification algorithms are discussed. K-means algorithm, classification using clustering algorithm, Classification based on Fuzzy Kernel K-means Clustering, Support vector machine algorithm, and self-learning classifier Bayesian classification, C5.0 and traffic classification using correlation information and robust network traffic algorithms are presented.
Elliott Wave Principle Key To Stock Market Profits

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Defected Ground Structure Integrated Microstrip Array Antenna for Improved Radiation Properties

Defected ground structure (DGS) integrated microstrip array has been explored and demonstrated here for the first time with the primary aim of achieving improved polarization purity. A shaped DGS with variable configuration has been conceived and designed for rectangular arrays. This unleashes new potential of DGS design by reducing the etched out area by 50%. A 2 × 2 DGS integrated array has been designed and experimentally demonstrated in X-band showing 12 dB improvement in the isolation between the copol and cross-pol radiations.
Motivational Interviewing in a Web-Based Physical Activity Intervention With an Avatar: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Developing Web-based physical activity (PA) interventions based on motivational interviewing (MI) could increase the availability and reach of MI techniques for PA promotion. Integrating an avatar in such an intervention could lead to more positive appreciation and higher efficacy of the intervention, compared to an intervention that is purely text-based. Objective The present study aims to determine whether a Web-based PA intervention based on MI with an avatar results in more positive appreciation and higher effectiveness of the intervention, when compared to an intervention that is purely text-based. Methods A three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted, containing the following research conditions: (1) a Web-based PA intervention based on MI with an avatar, (2) a content-identical intervention without an avatar, and (3) a control condition that received no intervention. Measurements included PA behavior and process variables, measured at baseline, directly following the intervention and 1 month post intervention. Results Both interventions significantly increased self-reported PA at 1 month, compared to the control condition (betaAVATARvsCONTROL=.39, P=.011; betaTEXTvsCONTROL=.44, P=.006). No distinctions were found regarding intervention effect on PA between both interventions. Similarly, the results of the process evaluation did not indicate any significant differences between both interventions. Due to the limited relational skills of the avatar in this study, it probably did not succeed in forming a stronger relationship with the user, over and above text alone. Conclusions The findings suggest that avatars that do not strengthen the social relationship with the user do not enhance the intervention impact. Future research should determine whether Web-based PA interventions based on MI could benefit from inclusion of a virtual coach capable of more complex relational skills than used in the current study, such as responding in gesture to the user’s state and input. Trial Registration Dutch Trial Register trial number: NTR3147; http://www.trialregister. nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp? TC=3147 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6NCbwdUJX).
Exploring the dichotomies within the tacit knowledge literature: towards a process of tacit knowing in organizations

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the definition and conception of tacit knowledge in existing peer reviewed literature and to suggest how research agendas can be established to clarify understanding for praxis.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology involved an in‐depth literature review of tacit knowledge as part of the knowledge management discourse.Findings – There is considerable disagreement in the literature over the definition and role of tacit knowledge in management studies and organizations. These polemics are reflected in a lack of systematic research agendas being established. Conversely the more meta level concept of knowledge management has been the subject of an increasing amount of research. However, it is suggested that an improved understanding of tacit knowledge is needed to underpin and further develop the knowledge management discourse. From the literature the concept of tacit knowing is advanced as a means for establishing research agendas and improv.