Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Readability of Online Resources for Mastopexy Surgery

BackgroundAs more patients use Internet resources for health information, there is increasing interest in evaluating the readability of available online materials. The National Institutes of Health and American Medical Association recommend that patient educational content be written at a sixth-grade reading level. This study evaluates the most popular online resources for information about mastopexy relative to average adult literacy in the United States. MethodsThe 12 most popular sites returned by the largest Internet search engine were identified using the search term “breast lift surgery. ” Relevant articles from the main sites were downloaded and formatted into text documents. Pictures, captions, links, and references were excluded. The readability of these 100 articles was analyzed overall and subsequently by site using 10 established readability tests. Subgroup analysis was performed for articles discussing the benefits of surgery and those focusing on risks. ResultsThe overall average readability of online patient information was 13.3 (range, 11.1–15). There was a range of average readability scores overall across the 12 sites from 8.9 to 16.1, suggesting that some may be more appropriate than others for patient demographics with different health literacy levels. Subgroup analysis revealed that articles discussing the risks of mastopexy were significantly harder to read (mean, 14.1) than articles about benefits (11.6). ConclusionsPatient-directed articles from the most popular online resources for mastopexy information are uniformly above the recommended reading level and likely too difficult to be understood by a large number of patients in the United States.
The History and Physical in Cancer Care: A Primer for the Oncology Advanced Practitioner

Advanced practitioners (APs) specializing in cancer care will most likely need to perform or participate in obtaining the history and physical (H & P) of a new patient. The core infrastructure of the history-taking and physical examination process remains the same across all patients regardless of diagnosis. There are, however, important distinctions in the H & P of the patient with cancer. These distinctions can be challenging for the student or novice oncology AP, leading to frustration and potentially poor patient satisfaction and outcomes. In each component of the patient history, certain considerations related to the cancer and its diagnosis and/or treatment to date must be included; these elements are different from those in the general medical H & P. This article focuses mainly on the structure and elements of the history of the present illness phase of the H & P. The similarities and differences between taking a cancer-focused H & P vs. a traditional medical one are discussed as well.
Do Highly Compensated Participants Influence the Management of Qualified Pension Plans

This paper presents evidence of favorable management of qualified pension plans with large proportion of highly compensated employees. Defined-benefit pension plans that are dominated by highly compensated employees tend to contribute beyond the minimum amount required under Internal Revenue Code (flow effect) resulting in overfunded plans (stock effect) and then use aggressive actuarial assumptions to disguise the overfunding to avoid visibility costs (reporting effect). This favored treatment is less likely when the sponsoring firm has an active labor union (monitoring effect). These actions contradict the provisions under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code, which prohibit favorable treatment for highly compensated employees.
Forceps-induced scratching of a foldable acrylic intraocular lens.

We describe a previously unreported complication associated with folding an acrylic intraocular lens during cataract surgery. Extensive scratches near the center of the 6.0-mm optic were observed after passing the implant through a 4.1-mm scleral tunnel incision with cross-action forceps. Acrylic intraocular lenses can be permanently scratched by folding forceps. We believe this was a result of excessive friction during passage through the scleral tunnel. We recommend careful inspection of the folding forceps to detect any defects and the use of an incision slightly larger than 4.1 mm to insert a 6.0-mm optic to avoid this potentially sight-threatening complication. We also want to emphasize that the folding characteristics of acrylic are different from those of silicone. Report of a Case. An-80-year-old white man was seen at Valley Eye Associates for evaluation of a cataract of the left eye. His preoperative visual acuity was correctable to count fingers at 3 ft.
Bone marrow-derived stem cells differentiate into retinal pigment epithelium-like cells in vitro but are not able to repair retinal degeneration in vivo

The bone marrow (BM) is home to different stem/progenitor populations, including tissue-committed stem cells. In this context, we have cocultured BM-derived stem cells (BMSC) in order to investigate their differentiation capacity towards the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lineage in vitro . Furthermore, pre-differentiated BMSC were transplanted into the pharmacologically damaged subretinal space to determine their rescue ability in vivo . BM was harvested from the tibias and femurs of adult GFP + C57BL/6 mice. Differentiated hematopoietic cells were removed by lineage depletion, and CD45 - BMSCs were separated by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). To induce differentiation, the cells were then cocultured with murine RPE for 10 days, and retinal markers were assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). To induce retinal degeneration, mice were treated with sodium iodate (NaIO 3 ). Seven days later, approx. 60,000 pre-differentiated GFP + BMSC, sorted by FACS, were transplanted subretinally. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to follow the transplants and to quantify the retinal thickness over time. Visual acuity was measured concurrently using the optokinetic reflex (OKR). Finally, IHC was performed to investigate the expression of retina-specific markers in the transplants. CD45 - BMSC adopted an RPE-like elongated morphology and showed expression of the RPE markers RPE65 and bestrophin after coculture. After transplantation of CD45 - BMSC, visual acuity increased in individual animals compared to the contralateral control eye, but did not reach baseline levels. Additionally, no significant increase in retinal thickness in the transplanted eye was found. However, the cells were detectable in the subretinal space for up to 28 days and expressed the RPE markers RPE65 and bestrophin. In summary, the BMSC differentiated into RPE-like cells but were not able to restore visual function or rescue retinal morphology after subretinal transplantation.
Intergenerational Patterns of Substance Abuse Among Urban American Indian Families

Substance abuse continues to be a family problem in American Indian (AI) families. This article highlights findings from a two generation study on substance abuse among nine AI families. Five common themes shared by the parent and adult child groups included early onset of substance abuse, minimization of substance abuse (and a subtheme of efforts to control use), taking accountability for substance abuse (and a subtheme about perpetuated stereotypes), turning point moments in use (and a subtheme of negotiating and exploring sobriety), and perceptions of the abstinence only approach. Clinical implications are discussed in light of the findings.
Multi-image matching for 3D mapping in vision-based navigation applications

In this paper, we introduce multi-image matching using invariant features into the 3D mapping process for vision-based navigation applications. Our previously developed vision-based positioning system is modified accordingly, and experiments prove that the 3D map has been enhanced under a better imaging geometry. Consequently, the localization accuracy is much improved. Final positioning accuracy is around 0.2 m. The test also reveals some limitations: the system cannot perform well in areas where features are not rich or not included in the view; mismatches affect the positioning accuracy.
Incidence of Postoperative Pain after Single Visit and Two Visit Root Canal Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

INTRODUCTION Root Canal Treatment (RCT) has become a mainstream procedure in dentistry. A successful RCT is presented by absence of clinical signs and symptoms in teeth without any radiographic evidence of periodontal involvement. Completing this procedure in one visit or multiple visits has long been a topic of discussion. AIM To evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain after root canal therapy performed in single visit and two visits. MATERIAL AND METHODS An unblinded/ open label randomized controlled trial was carried out in the endodontic department of the Dental Institute, where 78 patients were recruited from the regular pool of patients. A total of 66 maxillary central incisors requiring root canal therapy fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using simple randomization by biased coin randomization method, the selected patients were assigned into two groups: group A (n=33) and group B (n=33). Single visit root canal treatment was performed for group A and two visit root canal treatment for group B. Independent sample t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Thirty three patients were allotted to group A where endodontic treatment was completed in single visit while 33 patients were allotted to group B where endodontic treatment was completed in two visits. One patient dropped-out from Group A. Hence in Group A, 32 patients were analysed while in Group B, 33 patients were analysed. After 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours of obturation, pain was significantly higher in Group B as compared to Group A. However, there was no significant difference in the pain experienced by the patients 48 hours after treatment in both the groups. CONCLUSION Incidence of pain after endodontic treatment being performed in one-visit or two-visits is not significantly different.
Estimating the motion of an underwater robot from a monocular image sequence

When underwater vehicles perform navigation close to the ocean floor, computer vision techniques can be applied to obtain quite accurate motion estimates. The most crucial step in the vision-based estimation of the vehicle motion consists on detecting matchings between image pairs. Here we propose the extensive use of texture analysis as a tool to ameliorate the correspondence problem in underwater images. Once a robust set of correspondences has been found, the three-dimensional motion of the vehicle can be computed with respect to the bed of the sea. Finally, motion estimates allow the construction of a map that could aid to the navigation of the robot.
Interaktionsmodell für Industrie 4.0 Komponenten

Zusammenfassung Verwaltungsschalen bilden zusammen mit den Assets der digitalen Fabrik I4.0-Komponenten. Interaktionen zwischen den Verwaltungsschalen sind wichtige Bestandteile der Wertschöpfungsketten in den I4.0-Systemen. Dafür benötigen die Verwaltungsschalen eine gemeinsame Sprache. Auf der Basis der Festlegungen der DIN SPEC 91345, d. h. des RAMIs und der Struktur der Verwaltungsschale, wird hier das Interaktionskonzept beschrieben.
Spatial analysis of the overlapping cell area using Voronoi diagrams

Adjacent cells overlap in the vicinity of their boundaries, sharing a common area where several traffic operations, including cell breathing and handoff, are more probable to occur. Near the cell border, the mobiles have adequate communication with more than one base station. The dimension and location of this area are directly related to the amount of traffic operations. This paper presents a spatial analysis of the overlapping cell area as an important one in planning traffic operations. The COST-Hata path loss prediction model makes it possible to use the geometric approach to define cell boundaries. Cells proximity relations are analyzed using an ordered order-k multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram.
Molecular Characterization of Lysozyme Type II Gene in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Evidence of Gene Duplication

Abstract Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have two types of lysozyme. Type II lysozyme differs from type I by only one amino acid, but only type II lysozyme has significant bactericidal activity. Due to this novel antibacterial property, lysozyme type II appears to be a candidate gene for enhancing disease resistance in fish as well as livestock species. Using polymerase chain reaction the lysozyme type II gene was amplified from genomic DNA isolated from rainbow trout. Two amplified fragments of 2041 and 2589 bp were observed. Sequencing revealed both amplicons were lysozyme genes having nearly identical nucleotide sequences, except the longer fragment has 548 base pairs inserted in intron 2 at nucleotide position 513 and a few point mutations within intron 2. Both versions of trout lysozyme type II gene were comprised of four exons and three introns. We also demonstrated that trout lysozyme is most likely encoded by these two different genes.
International migration and transitions to adulthood in Mexico

This research studies the process of transition to adulthood of young Mexicans with migratory experience in the United State and the effect that this displacement had on five transitional events using event history models of continuous time - history history analysis-, using for its elaboration as primary source of information the National Survey of the Youth of the year 2010. The interre-lationship between the different transitional events is also analyzed, comparing the study group with the young without international migration experience in different contexts. The results show that migration experience has an effect on the timing and intensity of the various transitions into adulthood. Migration adds complexity and alter the course of life of young Mexican, limiting the well-being and sustainable development of their future life project.
Supplementary Materials for Over-expression of EPS15 is a favorable prognostic factor in breast cancer

School of Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiang-Nan University, Wuxi 214122, China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Low Tidal Volume Reduces Lung Inflammation Induced by Liquid Ventilation in Piglets With Severe Lung Injury

Total liquid ventilation (TLV) is an alternative treatment for severe lung injury. High tidal volume is usually required for TLV to maintain adequate CO2 clearance. However, high tidal volume may cause alveolar barotrauma. We aim to investigate the effect of low tidal volume on pulmonary inflammation in piglets with lung injury and under TLV. After the establishment of acute lung injury model by infusing lipopolysaccharide, 12 piglets were randomly divided into two groups, TLV with high tidal volume (25 mL/kg) or with low tidal volume (6 mL/kg) for 240 min, respectively. Extracorporeal CO2 removal was applied in low tidal volume group to improve CO2 clearance and in high tidal volume group as sham control. Gas exchange and hemodynamic status were monitored every 30 min during TLV. At the end of the study, pulmonary mRNA expression and plasmatic concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by collecting lung tissue and blood samples from piglets. Arterial blood pressure, PaO2 , and PaCO2 showed no remarkable difference between groups during the observation period. Compared with high tidal volume strategy, low tidal volume resulted in 76% reduction of minute volume and over 80% reduction in peak inspiratory pressure during TLV. In addition, low tidal volume significantly diminished pulmonary mRNA expression and plasmatic level of IL-6 and IL-8. We conclude that during TLV, low tidal volume reduces lung inflammation in piglets with acute lung injury without compromising gas exchange.
Therapeutic Approaches to RAS Mutation.

The study of oncogenic RAS mutations has led to crucial discoveries regarding cancer molecular biology and behavior and has been integral in shaping the era of targeted cancer therapy. RAS mutations are one of the most common oncogenic drivers in human cancer, and intense efforts to find a clinically effective inhibitor are ongoing. Despite these efforts, targeting RAS mutations has remained elusive, so much so that some have termed oncogenic RAS mutations as "undruggable. " In this review, we will summarize current understanding of RAS biology, explore strategies to inhibit RAS oncoproteins and its downstream effectors, and discuss recently described complexities that have shed new light on this pursuit.
The psychological contract and job insecurity of temporary employees contracted to a health insurance company

IOPSOMMING INTRODUCTION LITERATURE STUDY Background of Temporary Employment Services (TESs) TES in South Africa TES employees and the Psychological Contract TES employees and Job Insecurity TES employees, Job Insecurity and Voluntary Status The demography of TES employees RESEARCH METHOD Research design Study population Measuring battery Data Analysis Results Discussion and recommendations REFERENCES TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued)
Efficient Method for Generating a Pinhole Edge Penetration Model for Iterative Reconstruction using GATE

The ability to acquire images with resolutions in the micrometer range, as recently reported for pinhole and multipin-hole SPECT systems, raised interest in these imaging modalities within the preclinical small animal imaging research community. At such high resolutions, physical imaging properties such as pinhole edge penetration, detector blur, detector misalignment, the geometric response of the aperture, and gamma photon attenuation and scatter can severely degrade image quality. To improve system design and reconstruction methods, an aperture edge penetration model was developed. The model was simulated in GATE by replacing each imaging detector element with a point source and collecting the photons emitted by this source on the opposite side of the aperture. For efficiency, only one detector quadrant was evaluated and sampling of the model was performed for every fourth detector element. Furthermore, the photons were focused onto the aperture by adjusting the polar and azimuthal emission angles. Models were developed for two imaging systems using 2 different isotopes (Tc99m & I-125). The first system had a detector size of 260 mm and a pinhole-to-detector distance of 180 mm. The second had a detector size of 90 mm and a pinhole-to-detector distance of 100 mm. The same aperture was used for both systems. The system with the larger detector showed an enlargement in effective pinhole size inversely proportional to the distance between detector center and detector element, whereas the smaller detector showed a similar dependence at a reduced amplitude. For I-125, the effective pinhole size was similar to the bore diameter, since only a small number of the low energy photons penetrated through the aperture material. This simulation of the aperture edge penetration will aid in better understanding pinhole SPECT system design that minimize the penetration effects, as well as for development of more accurate reconstruction algorithms.
Costs of Complying with SOX - Measurement, Variation and Investors' Anticipation

The debate about the costs of complying with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) continues. This paper contributes to the debate in several ways. First, in contrast to prior studies, this study presents a large sample documentation (1,493 firms per year over four years after SOX was enacted) of actual SOX compliance costs for accelerated SEC filers. Using a new measure of direct compliance costs, we document that the annual SOX compliance costs range, on average, from 0.29% to 0.62% of sales in each of the four years after SOX was enacted. The median dollar costs for the sample were $1.3 million, $2.3 million, $3.0 million and $1.8 million in each of the four years, respectively. Second, we found a large variation in compliance costs. Particularly, 23.2% of the accelerated filers in our sample had compliance costs of $91,000 per year or less, which is the amount of compliance cost predicted by the SEC during the legislative process. Moreover, our results indicate that firms which reported internal control deficiencies incurred significantly higher SOX compliance costs than did firms that did not report internal control deficiencies. Third, in view of this wide variation in compliance costs, we examined whether investors correctly anticipated which firms would incur the greatest compliance costs. Prior research has shown that investors discounted the value of the entire market of firms affected by SOX, but has not examined the variation in the impact of SOX on individual firms. Looking at investors’ pricing of stocks during the period leading up to the passage of SOX, we found that investors did, indeed, correctly anticipate which firms would bear the brunt of SOX compliance and which would not.
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway posteriorizes neural tissue in Xenopus by an indirect mechanism requiring FGF signalling.

In order to identify factors involved in posteriorization of the central nervous system, we undertook a functional screen in Xenopus animal cap explants which involved coinjecting noggin RNA together with pools of RNA from a chick somite cDNA library. In the course of this screen, we isolated a clone encoding a truncated form of beta-catenin, which induced posterior neural and dorsal mesodermal markers when coinjected with noggin in animal caps. Similar results were obtained with Xwnt-8 and Xwnt-3a, suggesting that these effects are a consequence of activating the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. To investigate whether the activation of posterior neural markers requires mesoderm induction, we performed experiments using a chimeric inducible form of beta-catenin. Activation of this protein during blastula stages resulted in the induction of both posterior neural and mesodermal markers, while activation during gastrula stages induced only posterior neural markers. We show that this posteriorizing activity occurs by an indirect and noncell-autonomous mechanism requiring FGF signalling.