Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Table S2

For Death Lower Upper Diameter T2 (> 2cm) vs. T1 (=< 2cm) 0.026 1.733 1.069 2.809 Lymph node positive vs. negative 0.324 1.420 0.708 2.846 Grade III vs. II vs. I 0.963 1.013 0.582 1.765 Age above 40 vs. 40 and below 0.032 0.581 0.354 0.954 ER positive vs. negative 0.295 0.755 0.446 1.277 Angio invasion + vs.+/-, vs. 0.014 1.362 1.064 1.743 Chemotherapy Yes versus No 0.174 0.603 0.291 1.250 Hormonal therapy Yes versus No 0.481 0.718 0.287 1.801 Hypoxia (Hypoxic vs Non-Hypoxic) 0.001 2.494 1.434 4.336 70 genes (poor vs good) 0.0002 4.987 2.162 11.507
The Pacific OPIC Project (Obesity Prevention in Communities): action plans and interventions.

BACKGROUND The Pacific OPIC Project (Obesity Prevention In Communities) includes whole-of-community intervention programs in four countries (Fiji, Tonga, New Zealand, Australia) aimed at reducing the prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth. DEVELOPMENT OF ACTION PLANS At each intervention site, preliminary interviews were conducted with youth to identify the potential socio-cultural barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and regular physical activity in order to attain and sustain a healthy body size. This and other information was presented at a 2-day workshop with community stakeholders, including youth. The participants then prioritised the components for a draft action plan which was later consolidated through further community consultation. ACTION PLAN OBJECTIVES Each action plan had two overall aims: to build community capacity and to promote healthy weight. The first three objectives in each action plan were on capacity building, social marketing messages, and evaluation. Next were a set of four to five behavioural objectives with associated strategies involving programs, events, social marketing and environmental change. Lastly, each site had one or two innovative or developmental objectives. PROGRESS Interventions began in all sites from 2005, with the action plans guiding implementation priorities. The initial behavioural objective for targeting in Fiji was eating regular breakfast and meals throughout the day, for Tonga it was physical activity, and for Australia and New Zealand it was increasing water consumption and decreasing consumption of sweet drinks. CONCLUSIONS The action plans have provided the basis for community engagement in the project, the guide to the implementation of activities and the template for the evaluation plan.
Coordinated multipoint power consumption modeling for energy efficiency assessment in LTE/LTE-advanced cellular networks

Chronological developments from first (1G) to state-of-the-art fourth generation (4G) cellular networks have demonstrated remarkable exploits particularly in terms of peak data rate, throughput and spectral efficiency. However, this paper focuses on the energy efficiency (EE) aspect of cellular communications which apparently has been neglected until very recent years. Popular approaches for EE assessment (2G and 3G power consumption models) have been base station deployment strategies and joint management design/optimization techniques. This paper takes a step further to present a coordinated multipoint (CoMP)-enabled mathematical power consumption model for cooperating 4G base stations (eNodeBs) derived via component-oriented modeling technique; a view that a system or equipment comprises numerous energy-consuming components. We utilize the energy consumption rating (ECR) metric for the assessment of energy efficiency and simulations are carried out on the model with or without base station cooperation (BSC). Overall, results indicate on average that considerable energy savings up to 13% can be realized through BSC (CoMP).
Distinct Sequences in the Cytoplasmic Domain of Complement Receptor 2 Are Involved in Antigen Internalization and Presentation1

B cells express randomly rearranged surface Ig that forms part of a multiprotein complex known as the B cell receptor (BCR). Recognition of Ag via this receptor results in its capture, internalization, proteolysis and presentation to CD4+ T cells. The recognition of Ag by CD4+ T cells is critical for the selection of individual B cells, leading to the eventual secretion of a high affinity version of the BCR as an effective circulating Ab. B cells also express other receptors that recognize Ags associated with components of innate immunity. One of these receptors, CR2, binds Ags coated with activated complement components. Studies have shown that cross-linking CR2 and the BCR with complement-tagged Ags leads to enhanced Ag presentation by B cells. In addition, Ags targeted to B cell CR2 in the absence of BCR coligation are also efficiently presented to T cells. In this report, we identify several distinct sequences within the cytoplasmic domain of mouse CR2 (mCR2) that are essential for mCR2-mediated Ag presentation in both the presence and the absence of BCR cross-linking. The finding that distinct sequences in the cytoplasmic domain of mCR2 are essential for BCR-independent Ag presentation leads us to propose a novel role for CR2.
Acid Catalysis in Basic Solution: A Supramolecular Host Promotes Orthoformate Hydrolysis

Although many enzymes can promote chemical reactions by tuning substrate properties purely through the electrostatic environment of a docking cavity, this strategy has proven challenging to mimic in synthetic host-guest systems. Here, we report a highly charged, water-soluble, metal-ligand assembly with a hydrophobic interior cavity that thermodynamically stabilizes protonated substrates and consequently catalyzes the normally acidic hydrolysis of orthoformates in basic solution, with rate accelerations of up to 890-fold. The catalysis reaction obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics and exhibits competitive inhibition, and the substrate scope displays size selectivity, consistent with the constrained binding environment of the molecular host.
The dependence of clustering on galaxy properties

We use a sample of similar to 200 000 galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with 0.01 5 h(-1) Mpc). This large-scale clustering dependence is not seen for the parameters C or mu*. On small scales ( 1.5. In contrast, the dependence of the amplitude of wp(r(p)) on concentration on scales less than 1 h(-1) Mpc is strongest for disc-dominated galaxies with C < 2.6. This demonstrates that different processes are required to explain environmental trends in the structure and in the star formation history of galaxies.
On the construction of zero-deficiency parallel prefix circuits with minimum depth

A parallel prefix circuit has <i>n</i> inputs <i>x</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>x</i><sub>2</sub>, …, <i>x<sub>n</sub></i>, and computes the <i>n</i> outputs <i>y<sub>i</sub></i>= <i>x<sub>i</sub></i>•<i>x</i><sub><i>i</i>−1</sub>•…•<i>x</i><sub>1</sub>, 1 ≤<i>i</i>≤<i>n</i>, in parallel, where • is an arbitrary binary associative operator. Snir proved that the depth <i>t</i> and size <i>s</i> of any parallel prefix circuit satisfy the inequality <i>t</i>+<i>s</i>≥2<i>n</i>−2. Hence, a parallel prefix circuit is said to be of zero-deficiency if equality holds. In this article, we provide a different proof for Snir's theorem by capturing the structural information of zero-deficiency prefix circuits. Following our proof, we propose a new kind of zero-deficiency prefix circuit <i>Z</i>(<i>d</i>) by constructing a prefix circuit as wide as possible for a given depth <i>d</i>. It is proved that the <i>Z</i>(<i>d</i>) circuit has the minimal depth among all possible zero-deficiency prefix circuits.
Eight Common Genetic Variants Associated with Serum DHEAS Levels Suggest a Key Role in Ageing Mechanisms

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) is the most abundant circulating steroid secreted by adrenal glands—yet its function is unknown. Its serum concentration declines significantly with increasing age, which has led to speculation that a relative DHEAS deficiency may contribute to the development of common age-related diseases or diminished longevity. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data with 14,846 individuals and identified eight independent common SNPs associated with serum DHEAS concentrations. Genes at or near the identified loci include ZKSCAN5 (rs11761528; p = 3.15×10−36), SULT2A1 (rs2637125; p = 2.61×10−19), ARPC1A (rs740160; p = 1.56×10−16), TRIM4 (rs17277546; p = 4.50×10−11), BMF (rs7181230; p = 5.44×10−11), HHEX (rs2497306; p = 4.64×10−9), BCL2L11 (rs6738028; p = 1.72×10−8), and CYP2C9 (rs2185570; p = 2.29×10−8). These genes are associated with type 2 diabetes, lymphoma, actin filament assembly, drug and xenobiotic metabolism, and zinc finger proteins. Several SNPs were associated with changes in gene expression levels, and the related genes are connected to biological pathways linking DHEAS with ageing. This study provides much needed insight into the function of DHEAS.
Surface roughness of Mars

In this thesis, I created an algorithm to compensate for the saturation of data collected by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA). Saturation of the energy measurements had made it impossible to measure surface roughness at 100 m length scales. By calculating the returned energy, the problem of saturation can be avoided. This algorithm was applied to MOLA data across the Martian surface to create an estimate of surface roughness across the planet. The method calculates pulse spreading from returned pulse energy using the link equation. The accuracy of the method is limited by the accuracy of albedo measurements. This analysis improved the estimation of surface roughness on Mars. Further improvements could be gained by correcting for the opacity of atmospheric dust as a cause of pulse spreading. Thesis Supervisor: Maria T. Zuber Title: E. A. Griswold Professor of Geophysics
Extracting relations from traditional Chinese medicine literature via heterogeneous entity networks

OBJECTIVE Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique and complex medical system that has developed over thousands of years. This article studies the problem of automatically extracting meaningful relations of entities from TCM literature, for the purposes of assisting clinical treatment or poly-pharmacology research and promoting the understanding of TCM in Western countries. METHODS Instead of separately extracting each relation from a single sentence or document, we propose to collectively and globally extract multiple types of relations (eg, herb-syndrome, herb-disease, formula-syndrome, formula-disease, and syndrome-disease relations) from the entire corpus of TCM literature, from the perspective of network mining. In our analysis, we first constructed heterogeneous entity networks from the TCM literature, in which each edge is a candidate relation, then used a heterogeneous factor graph model (HFGM) to simultaneously infer the existence of all the edges. We also employed a semi-supervised learning algorithm estimate the model's parameters. RESULTS We performed our method to extract relations from a large dataset consisting of more than 100,000 TCM article abstracts. Our results show that the performance of the HFGM at extracting all types of relations from TCM literature was significantly better than a traditional support vector machine (SVM) classifier (increasing the average precision by 11.09%, the recall by 13.83%, and the F1-measure by 12.47% for different types of relations, compared with a traditional SVM classifier). CONCLUSION This study exploits the power of collective inference and proposes an HFGM based on heterogeneous entity networks, which significantly improved our ability to extract relations from TCM literature.
Description Logic Knowledge and Action Bases

Description logic Knowledge and Action Bases (KAB) are a mechanism for providing both a semantically rich representation of the information on the domain of interest in terms of a description logic knowledge base and actions to change such information over time, possibly introducing new objects. We resort to a variant of DL-Lite where the unique name assumption is not enforced and where equality between objects may be asserted and inferred. Actions are specified as sets of conditional effects, where conditions are based on epistemic queries over the knowledge base (TBox and ABox), and effects are expressed in terms of new ABoxes. In this setting, we address verification of temporal properties expressed in a variant of first-order µ-calculus with quantification across states. Notably, we show decidability of verification, under a suitable restriction inspired by the notion of weak acyclicity in data exchange.
The Concept of Demodulation in Theorem Proving

In many fields of mathematics the richness of the underlying axiom set leads to the establishment of a number of very general equalities. For example, it is easy to prove that in groups (<italic>x</italic><supscrpt>-1</supscrpt>)<supscrpt>-1</supscrpt> = <italic>x</italic> and that in rings -<italic>x</italic> · - <italic>y</italic> = <italic>x</italic> · <italic>y</italic>. In the presence of such an equality, each new inference made during a proof search by a theorem-proving program may immediately yield a set of very closely related inferences. If, for example, <italic>b</italic>·<italic>a</italic> = <italic>c</italic> is inferred in the presence of (<italic>x</italic><supscrpt>-1</supscrpt>)<supscrpt>-1</supscrpt> = <italic>x</italic>, substitution immediately yields obviously related inferences such as (<italic>b</italic><supscrpt>-1</supscrpt>)<supscrpt>-1</supscrpt> · <italic>a</italic> = <italic>c</italic>. Retention of many members of each such set of inferences has seriously impeded the effectiveness of automatic theorem proving. Similar to the gain made by discarding instances of inferences already present is that made by discarding instances of repeated application of a given equality. The latter is achieved by use of demodulation. Its definition, evidence of its value, and a related rule of inference are given. In addition a number of concepts are defined the implementation of which reduces both the number and sensitivity to choice of parameters governing the theorem-proving procedures.
Angiogenic activity of cervical carcinoma: assessment by functional magnetic resonance imaging-based parameters and a histomorphological approach in correlation with disease outcome.

Angiogenesis plays a fundamental role in tumor growth and metastasis. What is needed is a quantitative, noninvasive, and repeatable assay to estimate functional angiogenic activity of the entire tumor. The aims of the present study were to: (a) examine the relationship between functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based parameters with established histomorphological markers of tumor angiogenesis [histological microvessel density (HMVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression (VEGF)]; and (b) determine the ultimate value of both approaches to assess functional angiogenic active hotspots as markers of disease outcome in patients with cancer of the uterine cervix. Pharmacokinetic parameters (amplitude A, tissue exchange rate constant k21) were calculated from contrast-enhanced dynamic MRI series in 57 patients (mean age, 49 +/- 14 years) with biopsy proven uterine cervical cancer. Both pharmacokinetic parameters were correlated to histomorphologically determined areas of high HMVD and VEGF expression obtained from the operative specimens after radical surgery. In addition, the functional MRI and histomorphological data were used to assess disease outcome. A significant association was found between HMVD and the amplitude A (P < 0.001) and a less pronounced association with k21, (P < 0.05), respectively. No significant associations were found between the pharmacokinetic parameters (A, k21) and VEGF expression. When stratified into high and low median k21 groups, median k21 values >5.4 min(-1) were the only significant (P < 0.05) factors in predicting poor patient survival. None of the histomorphological markers of angiogenesis (HMVD or VEGF expression) showed any predictive power. We have found that: (a) focal hotspots of HMVD are the pathophysiological basis for differences in functional MRI; (b) areas of high microvessel density and microvessel permeability do not necessarily coincide, as demonstrated by the histomorphological and functional MRI findings; (c) the functional angiogenic activity of a tumor may not be sufficiently characterized by a histomorphological approach but rather by a functional MRI-based approach; and (d) functional MRI-based analysis may assess tumor angiogenic activity in terms of disease outcome more comprehensively than the histomorphological approach.
A Domain and Type Enforcement UNIX Prototype

UNIX system security today often relies on correct operation of numerous privileged subsystems and careful attention by expert system administrators. In the context of global and possibly hostile networks, these traditional UNIX weaknesses raise a legitimate question about whether UNIX systems are appropriate platforms for processing and safeguarding important information resources. Domain and Type Enforcement (DTE) is an access control technology for partitioning host operating systems such as UNIX into access control domains. Such partitioning has promise both to enforce organizational security policies that protect special classes of information and to generically strengthen operating systems against penetration attacks. This paper reviews the primary DTE concepts, discusses their application to IP networks and NFS, and then describes the design and implementation of a DTE UNIX prototype system.
Experience with Miniaturized Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Comparison of the NovoSCI Ready System to Off-Pump and Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

The major source of morbidity following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS response) which leads to multiple derangements in different organ systems. To combat this, miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass circuits (MCPBC) have been created to lessen the inflammatory response to CPB. Here we examine early outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using a MCPBC system compared to conventional bypass techniques at a single institution. Methods: 60 consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG were prospectively enrolled. Nine patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with conventional CPB (cCABG), 33 underwent off-pump CABG (OPCAB), and the remaining 18 patients underwent CABG with a MCPBC system. Demographics and outcomes were compared between groups and statistical analyses applied. Results: No significant difference was observed in mortality between groups, with only one death reported in total. Morbidity was also low, totaling only 6.7%, with none occurring in the MCPBC group. The MCPBC group required less PRBC and total blood product transfusion than the cCABG and OPCABG groups (p = 0.05), but changes in PLT and Hct over time were not different between groups. Conclusions: The MCPBC system was shown to be comparable to conventional bypass and OPCABG in terms of postoperative complications and mortality. Furthermore, the MCPBC system had the advantage of a decreased transfusion requirement. Based on our preliminary observations, this mini-cardiopulmonary bypass circuit provides a safe alternative to conventional bypass techniques.
Accounting for the Social Triggers of Sexual Compulsivity

Abstract Aims. To examine the social triggers of sexual compulsivity amongst a diverse sample of gay and bisexual men. Design and Participants. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 180 gay and bisexual men in the United States who self-identified that their sex lives were spinning out of control. The data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach to explore the range of social triggers that were driving sexual compulsions. Measurement. An open-ended interview and a structured clinical interview were conducted with each participant. The interviews examined their experiences with sexual compulsivity over time and the impact of their problematic sexual behaviors on their lives. Findings. Two types of social triggers emerged from the data: event-centered triggers and contextual triggers. Event-centered triggers arise from sudden, unforeseen events. Two major event-centered triggers were identified: relationship turmoil and catastrophes. Contextual triggers, on the other hand, have a certain element of predictability, and included such things as location, people, the use of drugs, and pornography. Conclusions. This framework of triggers has clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of sexual compulsivity. Clinicians can utilize the framework of social triggers in the therapeutic process to provide insight into ways to effectively work through symptoms of sexual compulsivity. Awareness of the contextual aspects of sexual compulsivity may be critical to understanding the behaviors of sexually compulsive clients. Thus, therapeutic assessments should focus upon the social context in addition to the psychological components of the disorder.
Provable Implementations of Security Protocols

The author implements the relatively new enterprise of adapting formal methods for security to work on code instead of abstract models. The goal is to lower the practical cost of security protocol verification by eliminating the need to write a separate formal model. The main technical content is on extracting pi-calculus models from protocol implementation code. Our software is developed in the functional language F#, a dialect of ML
[Consistency of symptomatic dimensions of schizophrenia in a 12 year follow up study].

AIM Objectives were to identify syndromes measured by BPRS-E scale and to analyse changes in syndromes' consistency in the course of a 12 year prospective study. METHOD A group of 80 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia was followed up in 1, 3, 7 and 12 years after their first psychiatric hospitalisation. Their psychopathological status was investigated with BPRS-E scale. RESULT Four syndromes were found: positive, negative, depressive and excitement. However, in the following time points, consistency of syndromes was different. The most consistent syndrome was the negative one. Often symptoms connected with this syndrome four, namely: motor retardation, blunted affect, uncooperativeness, emotional withdrawal were present in every follow-up within this syndrome. In the case of the excitement syndrome two symptoms (hostility and tension) were present in all follow-ups. None of the symptoms included in the depressive and positive syndromes were consistently present within these syndromes over the period of twelve years.
Leap gestures for TV: insights from an elicitation study

We present insights from a gesture elicitation study in the context of interacting with TV, during which 18 participants contributed and rated the execution difficulty and recall likeliness of free-hand gestures for 21 distinct TV tasks. Our study complements previous work on gesture interaction design for the TV set with the first exploration of fine-grained resolution 3-D finger movements and hand pose gestures. We report lower agreement rates (.20) than previous gesture studies and 72.8% recall rate and 15.8% false positive recall, results that are explained by the complexity and variability of unconstrained finger gestures. Nevertheless, we report a large 82% preference for gesture commands versus TV remote controls. We also confirm previous findings, such as people's preferences for related gestures for dichotomous tasks, and we report low agreement rates for abstract tasks, such as "open browser" or "show channels list" in our specific TV scenario. In the end, we contribute a set of design guidelines for practitioners interested in free-hand finger and hand pose gestures for interactive TV scenarios, and we release a dataset of 378 Leap Motion gesture records consisting in finger position, direction, and velocity coordinates for further studies in the community. We see this exploration as a first step toward designing low-effort high-resolution finger gestures and hand poses for lean-back interaction with the TV set.