Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The emergent modes of dementia activism

ABSTRACT After decades of silencing and discrimination, people with dementia are beginning to join forces, take action and campaign for social change. Drawing on data obtained from ‘activists’ with dementia using diary interview method and participant observation, this paper considers the emergent modes of dementia activism in the context of the social movement literature, and in particular, work emphasising the role of networks in health social movements. The study identified three emergent modes of dementia activism; these were the ‘protecting-self against decline’ mode, ‘(re) gaining respect’ mode, and ‘creating connections with other people with dementia’ mode. Taken together, these modes show how a sense of elapsing time pervades this form of activism. The investigation reinforces the contention that time is a dominated force that structures human motivation and goals. Furthermore, it raises the possibility that activism can protect against decline amongst people with dementia given the appropriate temporal space.
Regulation of axon growth by the JIP1–AKT axis

ABSTRACT The polarisation of developing neurons to form axons and dendrites is required for the establishment of neuronal connections leading to proper brain function. The protein kinase AKT and the MAP kinase scaffold protein JNK-interacting protein-1 (JIP1) are important regulators of axon formation. Here we report that JIP1 and AKT colocalise in axonal growth cones of cortical neurons and collaborate to promote axon growth. The loss of AKT protein from the growth cone results in the degradation of JIP1 by the proteasome, and the loss of JIP1 promotes a similar fate for AKT. Reduced protein levels of both JIP1 and AKT in the growth cone can be induced by glutamate and this coincides with reduced axon growth, which can be rescued by a stabilized mutant of JIP1 that rescues AKT protein levels. Taken together, our data reveal a collaborative relationship between JIP1 and AKT that is required for axon growth and can be regulated by changes in neuronal activity.
A Mitotic Lamin B Matrix Induced by RanGTP Required for Spindle Assembly

Mitotic spindle morphogenesis is a series of highly coordinated movements that lead to chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. We report that the intermediate filament protein lamin B, a component of the interphase nuclear lamina, functions in spindle assembly. Lamin B assembled into a matrix-like network in mitosis through a process that depended on the presence of the guanosine triphosphate–bound form of the small guanosine triphosphatase Ran. Depletion of lamin B resulted in defects in spindle assembly. Dominant negative mutant lamin B proteins that disrupt lamin B assembly in interphase nuclei also disrupted spindle assembly in mitosis. Furthermore, lamin B was essential for the formation of the mitotic matrix that tethers a number of spindle assembly factors. We propose that lamin B is a structural component of the long-sought-after spindle matrix that promotes microtubule assembly and organization in mitosis.
Unemployment among breast cancer survivors

Aim: Though about 20% of working age breast cancer survivors do not return to work after treatment, few studies have addressed risk factors for unemployment. The majority of studies on occupational consequences of breast cancer focus on non-employment, which is a mixture of sickness absence, unemployment, retirement pensions and other reasons for not working. Unemployment in combination with breast cancer may represent a particular challenge for these women. The aim of the present study is therefore to analyze the risk for unemployment in the years following diagnosis and treatment for breast cancer. Method: This study included 14,750 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Denmark 2001–2009 identified through a population-based clinical database and linked with information from Danish administrative population based registers for information on labour market affiliation, socio-demography and co-morbid conditions. Multivariable analyses were performed by Cox’s proportional hazard models. Results: Two years after treatment, 81% of patients were still part of the work force, 10% of which were unemployed. Increasing duration of unemployment before breast cancer was associated with an adjusted HR = 4.37 (95% CI: 3.90–4.90) for unemployment after breast cancer. Other risk factors for unemployment included low socioeconomic status and demography, while adjuvant therapy did not increase the risk of unemployment. Conclusions: Duration of unemployment before breast cancer was the most important determinant of unemployment after breast cancer treatment. This allows identification of a particularly vulnerable group of patients in need of rehabilitation.
ESPS scheme for two‐tier interference suppression in a heterogeneous network with cooperative femtocells

The coexistence of a macrocell and a number of femtocells often leads to a two‐tier heterogeneous network, where the co‐tier interference (CotIN) and cross‐tier interference (CrotIN) both degrade users' quality of service. In order to suppress these interferences, we propose a precoding scheme in a heterogeneous network with cooperative femtocells, called CotIN elimination and CrotIN suppression with precoding criterion selection (ESPS) scheme. In this scheme, we first eliminate the CotINs of each user by applying the QR decomposition to channel matrix. Then the CrotINs of macrocell users and femtocell users are suppressed via the macrocell base station (MBS) and femtocell access points (FAPs) with precoding criterion selection, respectively. By using the ESPS scheme, spatial resources can be efficiently exploited. In addition, our ESPS scheme requires little information exchange between MBS and FAPs without iteration and thus significantly reduces the implementation complexity. Furthermore, the robustness is increased through introducing the information of channel uncertainty into the ESPS when channel estimation or quantization error exists. The performance analysis for the ESPS demonstrates that the ESPS is practical in the heterogeneous networks. Finally, simulation results show that the ESPS can decrease users' bit error rates and increase their transmission rates. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prophylaxis in elective colorectal surgery: the cost of ignoring the evidence.

INTRODUCTION Three strategies are used to prevent complications in colorectal surgery: heparin and antibiotics given perioperatively and abdominal drains placed intraoperatively. To investigate the appropriate and inappropriate use of these prophylactic techniques and to assess the costs associated with their inappropriate use, we studied patients who underwent elective colorectal procedures. METHODS We reviewed the charts of 103 patients operated on between April and December 1999 at a 519-bed tertiary care, teaching hospital in Edmonton, Alta. The procedures carried out were elective sigmoid resection, low anterior resection, left hemicolectomy, right hemicolectomy and total or subtotal colectomy for benign or malignant conditions. The data collected included patient age and sex, diagnosis, the operating surgeon, and the housestaff or surgeon writing the pre- and postoperative orders. Patients who required emergency colorectal surgery were excluded from the study. Antibiotic, heparin and drain prophylaxis was assessed and considered appropriate if prescribed according to the evidence or inappropriate if prescribed when not recommended. RESULTS Thirty-six of 98 patients had inappropriate heparin prophylaxis (5 of the 103 were excluded because they were already receiving heparin). Only 5 of 96 patients were treated appropriately with antibiotics preoperatively without postoperative doses (7 of the 103 were excluded due to intraoperative spillage with fecal contamination or an intra-abdominal abscess found intraoperatively); 95% of patients were inappropriately treated with antibiotics postoperatively. Half of all the patients had a drain inserted inappropriately for prophylaxis. On average, drains inserted inappropriately cost 30.40 dollars per patient, inappropriate antibiotic use cost 62.42 dollars per patient and inappropriate heparin use cost 89.30 dollars per patient. Preoperative orders were usually written by the staff surgeon, whereas postoperative orders were usually written by the resident or intern. CONCLUSIONS We observed considerable inappropriate use of heparin, antibiotic and drain prophylaxis. Considering the number of elective colorectal procedures performed annually, these inappropriately used strategies represent a substantial cost to the health care system. Improved education of surgeons and residents is needed to change to evidence-based practice habits.
Nursing diagnoses among kidney transplant recipients: evidence from clinical practice.

PURPOSE Identify the nursing diagnoses applied to kidney transplant recipients at a Brazilian hospital. METHODS Cross-sectional study with a study sample of 165 patients who underwent transplant from January 2007 through January 2009. CONCLUSIONS Six nursing diagnoses were most prevalent among kidney transplant recipients in the postoperative period: risk for infection, impaired urinary elimination, ineffective protection, bathing self-care deficit, impaired tissue integrity, and acute pain. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Provide information on the priority health needs of these patients and reinforced the importance of the proper development of the nursing care plan.
A Learning Vector Quantizer Based on Fuzzy Clustering Analysis and its Use in Lossy Image Compression

paper proposes a novel fuzzy learning vector quantization algorithm for lossy image compression. In the first place, we introduce a modified objective function for the fuzzy c-means algorithm. In the second place, we obtain a reformulating version of this function, which then is minimized by means of an iterative gradient-descent based optimization procedure. The transition from fuzzy mode, where each training vector is assigned to more than one codebook vectors, to crisp mode, where each training vector is assigned to only one codebook vector is accomplish through the adjustment of the gradient-descent learning parameter.
Detection of Focal Inflammation with Tc‐99m HMPAO Labeled Leukocytes in Children

To evaluate the applicability of Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scintigraphy in the assessment of focal infections in children, we retrospectively analyzed 26 studies performed between 1988 and 1992. All patients (n = 25, age range 1 month-15 years) were severely ill and suspected to have invasive bacterial infection. In each case, whole body scintigraphy was performed 2–4 hours after injection of autologous labeled leukocytes. There were 8 true positive and 14 true negative cases; specificity was 88% and sensitivity 80%. The two false negative findings were observed in patients on immunosuppressive therapy; both had fungal infections. In one case, atypical non-specific bowel accumulation of the tracer was falsely interpreted as an abscess. The other false positive finding was hip accumulation in a patient who later turned out to have Mucha-Haberman disease; transient synovitis may explain the finding. Of the eight true positive cases, six had an invasive infection focus and two had an aseptic inflammatory process. Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scintigraphy is a valuable method in the assessment of focal inflammation in children, including infants.
Individual and contextual factors related to binge drinking among adolescents in Spain: a multilevel approach.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of binge drinking by regions in Spain and assess the effect of individual and contextual factors related to this drinking pattern in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was performed with data from the 2014 Spanish School Survey on Drug Use (ESTUDES) in students aged 14-18 years (N = 34,259). The outcome was binge drinking in adolescents during the last 30 days. Individual independent variables were socioeconomic variables and variables related to access to alcohol and its availability. Contextual variables consisted of adult alcohol consumption, public policies on alcohol, and socioeconomic factors. Multilevel Poisson regression models with robust variance were estimated, obtaining prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals. The results showed that the prevalence of youth binge drinking by region of residence was similar for both sexes (r = 0.72). At the individual level, binge drinking was mainly associated with the perception of easy access to alcohol (PR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.23-1.55), consumption in open areas [(PR: 3.82; 95% CI: 3.44-4.24) < once a month and (PR: 6.57; 95% CI: 5.85-7.37) ≥ once a month], at least one parent allowing alcohol consumption (PR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.37-1.47), and receiving >30 euros weekly (PR :1.51; 95% CI: 1.37-1.67). Contextual variables were not associated with youth binge drinking when individual variables were considered. In conclusion, youth binge drinking was associated with individual variables related to high alcohol accessibility and availability, regardless of contextual variables. These variables explained the variability in binge drinking among Spanish regions.
The Childhood Trauma and Late Adolescent Rejection Sensitivity

Abstract The prime aim of this study is to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and rejection sensitivity. The study group comprised of 882 late adolescents (423 female; 459 male) who were studying different major fields at the School of Physical Education and Sports and Faculty of Education in Mugla Sitki Kocman University. Data was collected by using the brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire. Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was employed to search for relationship between childhood trauma and rejection sentivity. The structural equation modeling was also used for explaining rejection sensitivity. It was found that there was a positive relationship between rejection sensitivity and physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, and sexual abuse subdimensions of childhood trauma. As a result of the present study, the researcher observed that childhood trauma is an important risk factor to identify in late adolescents with rejection sensitivity.
Non-orthogonal Support Width ICA

Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is a powerful tool with applications in many areas of blind signal processing; however, its key assumption, i.e. the statistical independence of the source signals, can be somewhat restricting in some particular cases. For example, when considering several images, it is tempting to look on them as independent sources (the picture subjects are different), although they may actually be highly correlated (subjects are similar). Pictures of several landscapes (or faces) fall in this category. How to separate mixtures of such pictures? This paper proposes an ICA algorithm that can tackle this apparently paradoxical problem. Experiments with mixtures of real images demonstrate the soundness of the approach.
Factors of disagreement between coaches and players of a high-level basketball team when assessing individual session perceived exertions

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the concordance between the coaches and the players of a Spanish highlevel female basketball team when evaluating the hardness of practice sessions looking into the factors that could modulate the alleged biases of the coaches. The three staff members severely underestimated the players’ session perceived exertion, which meant that, as a group, they were not capable of planning the desired intensity along the registered period. Furthermore, this study allowed us to detect what aspects of coaching knowledge should deserve more attention with each staff members if we desired less biased judgments about the players’ perceptions, who were the most relevant and common source of bias.
Teaching writing: a situated dynamic

The paper is theoretically grounded in Cultural Historical Activity Theory, which holds that human development is founded within participation in social and cultural practices. In particular, the teaching of literacy is shaped not only by the curriculum as designated by policy makers and the institution in which it is located, but also by the individuals' understanding of what literacy and learning involves and how they act to achieve their goals. The paper explores data from a project that investigated the relationship between classroom talk and the teaching of writing in six early‐years classrooms. Participants' own understandings of teaching and learning need to be taken into account by researchers and policy makers. Cultural Historical Activity Theory has been used to explore the dynamic relationship between activity at societal, institutional and individual levels. It is argued that researchers and policy makers need to take account of the wider socio‐cultural context in planning and evaluating curri.
Clonal Cytotoxic T Cells in Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease characterized by accumulation of morphologically recognizable plasma cells producing immunoglobulin (Ig) in the bone marrow. The occurrence of clonal T cells in MM, as defined by the presence of rearrangements in the T-cell receptor (TCR)-beta chains detected on Southern blotting, is associated with an improved prognosis. This review aims to describe the various ways in which we have demonstrated the presence of such T cell clones, and to describe the phenotype of these cells. Finally, the specificities of these clinically important CD8+ T cell populations will be discussed in the context of immunotherapy.
Building Usage Contexts During Program Comprehension

Software developers often work on multiple simultaneous projects. Even when only a single project is underway, everyday distractions interrupt the development effort. Consequently, developers spend significant effort pursuing recovery of their context. By context, we focus on the classes and methods within the code that are relevant to a specific bug being fixed or enhancement made. Context is reified by a program in terms of a set of presentations (windows a containing source code, command executions, and data files); however, it is not enough to save the latest context. Even when working on a single task, programmers flip between contexts as they extend their understanding, and when they decide on a change, they may have to visit several contexts in order to address all possible ripple effects. Consequently, we would like to record a history of contexts and be able to retrieve them as demanded by the current task. We introduce a novel technique to obtain a context, consisting of a set of methods relevant for the current task, from a programmer's interactions with an IDE. Using this context, we demonstrate how to improve the ability of a programmer to recover the mental state associated with tasks and to facilitate the exploration of software through recommendation systems
Interval Timing Deficits Assessed by Time Reproduction Dual Tasks as Cognitive Endophenotypes for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The literature has suggested timing processing as a potential endophenotype for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, whether the subjective internal clock speed presented by verbal estimation and limited attention capacity presented by time reproduction could be endophenotypes for ADHD is still unknown. We assessed 223 youths with DSM-IV ADHD (age range: 10-17 years), 105 unaffected siblings, and 84 typically developing (TD) youths using psychiatric interviews, intelligence tests, verbal estimation and time reproduction tasks (single task and simple and difficult dual tasks) at 5-second, 12-second, and 17-second intervals. We found that youths with ADHD tended to overestimate time in verbal estimation more than their unaffected siblings and TD youths, implying that fast subjective internal clock speed might be a characteristic of ADHD, rather than an endophenotype for ADHD. Youths with ADHD and their unaffected siblings were less precise in time reproduction dual tasks than TD youths. The magnitude of estimated errors in time reproduction was greater in youths with ADHD and their unaffected siblings than in TD youths, with an increased time interval at the 17-second interval and with increased task demands on both simple and difficult dual tasks versus the single task. Increased impaired time reproduction in dual tasks with increased intervals and task demands were shown in youths with ADHD and their unaffected siblings, suggesting that time reproduction deficits explained by limited attention capacity might be a useful endophenotype of ADHD.
Active office: designing for physical activity in digital workplaces

Over the past centuries, our lives have become increasingly sedentary. Having an office job today, all too often involves sitting at a computer, performing the same small repetitive movements with our fingers, hands, and eyes over and over again. The shape, size and form of computing technology have influenced and placed limits on the physical movements that we perform throughout the day. Our research thus focuses on the question how human-computer interaction can fluently embed interactive technology into our workplaces to allow for more physically active working styles, and re-introduce diverse bodily movements in to our work routine. The present work describes how we are approaching this topic from a dual design perspective: macro-level support of smooth transition between different work postures, and micro-level design of bodily interaction technologies that increasingly acknowledge the richness of human motor skills.
An Electronic Market Place: Generic Agent Models, Ontologies and Knowledge.

In this paper an agent-based electronic market architecture is described. The architecture has been designed in a compositional manner using elements of agent technology and knowledge technology. It is shown how a combination of generic agent models, ontologies and knowledge provides an adequate approach to address the dynamic, distributed and knowledge-intensive character of the application.
PMSM Model Predictive Control With Field-Weakening Implementation

Permanent-magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drives have become popular for motion control applications due to their performance and high torque-to-weight ratio. The complex task of PMSM control in high-performance applications is currently usually resolved with classical vector control. Modern control techniques such as model predictive control (MPC) can provide significant benefits over field-oriented control, especially with straightforward controller tuning and constraints handling. Unfortunately, these new algorithms usually suffer from problems with their computational complexity. In this paper, we present a PMSM control method based on an explicit MPC with a novel linearization and constraints handling method, allowing natural field weakening. The algorithm was designed with respect to computationally feasible implementation in the control hardware. The proposed control algorithm has been proved and successfully verified in both simulation and implementation on a real motor.
Some Problems about Rationality

In what follows I shall discuss a philosophical problem arising out of the practice of anthropologists and sociologists which may be stated, in a general and unanalysed form, as follows: when I come across a set of beliefs which appear prima facie irrational, what should be my attitude towards them? Should I adopt a critical attitude, taking it as a fact about the beliefs that they are irrational, and seek to explain how they came to be held, how they manage to survive unprofaned by rational criticism, what their consequences are, etc? Or should I treat such beliefs charitably: should I begin from the assumption that what appears to me to be irrational may be interpreted as rational when fully understood in its context? More briefly, the problem comes down to whether or not there are alternative standards of rationality.