Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DOA1/UFD3 Plays a Role in Sorting Ubiquitinated Membrane Proteins into Multivesicular Bodies*

Ubiquitin (Ub) is a sorting signal that targets integral membrane proteins to the interior of the vacuole/lysosome by directing them into lumenal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs). The Vps27-Hse1 complex, which is homologous to the Hrs-STAM complex in mammalian cells, serves as a Ub-sorting receptor at the surface of early endosomes. We have found that Hse1 interacts with Doa1/Ufd3. Doa1 is known to interact with Cdc48/p97 and Ub and is required for maintaining Ub levels. We find that the Hse1 Src homology 3 domain binds directly to the central PFU domain of Doa1. Mutations in Doa1 that block Hse1 binding but not Ub binding do not alter Ub levels but do result in the missorting of the MVB cargo GFP-Cps1. Loss of Doa1 also causes a synthetic growth defect when combined with loss of Vps27. Unlike the loss of Doa1 alone, the doa1Δ vps27Δ double mutant phenotype is not suppressed by Ub overexpression, demonstrating that the effect is not due to indirect consequence of lowered Ub levels. Loss of Doa1 results in a defect in the accumulation of GFP-Ub within yeast vacuoles, implying that there is a reduction in the flux of ubiquitinated membrane proteins through the MVB pathway. This defect was also reflected by an inability to properly sort Vph1-GFP-Ub, a modified subunit of the multiprotein vacuolar ATPase complex, which carries an inframe fusion of Ub as an MVB sorting signal. These results reveal novel roles for Doa1 in helping to process ubiquitinated membrane proteins for sorting into MVBs.
Massively parallel rate-constrained motion estimation using multiple temporal predictors in HEVC

Rate-constrained motion estimation (RCME) is considered to be the most time-consuming process of H.265/HEVC encoding. Massively parallel architectures, such as graphics processing units (GPUs), used in combination with a multi-core central processing unit (CPU), provide a promising computing platform to achieve fast encoding. However, the inherent dependencies in the process for deriving motion vector predictors (MVPs) prevent the parallelization of prediction units (PUs) processing. In this paper, we present a framework for performing a two-stage parallel RCME, in which the RCME of all the PUs of a frame can be calculated in parallel. A novel method is introduced to overcome the dependencies inherent to the derivation of MVPs. Multiple temporal predictors (MTPs) within the two-stage parallel RCME framework provide fine-grained parallelism encoding without significant BD-Rate penalty, compared to serial encoding. Experimental results show that our proposed approach achieves a BD-Rate improvement of over 1% as compared to state-of-the-art parallel methods providing similar time reductions.
Effects of monensin on morphogenesis and infectivity of Friend murine leukemia virus

The transport of the gp70 glycoprotein to the cell surface and concomitant release of infectious virus was inhibited by treatment of Friend murine leukemia virus-infected Eveline cells with the sodium ionophore monensin. Virus yields were reduced more than 50-fold by 10(-5) M monensin, whereas particle production was reduced by 50% in monensin-treated cells. The resulting particles failed to incorporate newly synthesized gp70 and p15(E), whereas the other structural proteins, p30, p15, p12, and p10, were incorporated into virions. However, monensin did not inhibit the incorporation into virions of preformed gp70. A reduction in the efficiency of cleavage of the PrENV glycoprotein precursor and a defect in the processing of simple endo-H-sensitive to complex endo-H-resistant oligosaccharides suggest that intracellular transport of gp70 may be blocked before its entry into the Golgi apparatus. Fewer particles were found to bud from the cell surface, but intracellular vacuoles with budding virions were detected. Ferritin labeling and pulse-chase studies suggested a cell surface origin for these vacuoles. These experiments indicate that monensin inhibits the transport of Friend murine leukemia virus glycoproteins at an early stage, with a resultant block in the assembly and release of infectious virus.
A controlled letter intervention to change prescribing behavior: results of a dual-targeted approach.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of a drug utilization review (DUR) letter intervention sent only to physicians, sent only to pharmacists, or sent to both physicians and pharmacists in changing physician prescribing behavior for dipyridamole. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING A Wisconsin Medicaid prescription drug database for data from March 1991 through May 1992 related to both long-term care and ambulatory patient settings. STUDY DESIGN The effects of a DUR letter intervention were tested using a field study, pre-post, nonequivalent control group, quasi-experimental design. The effects of the letter intervention in terms of dipyridamole expenditures (dollars reimbursed to pharmacies by Medicaid), expenditures for related drugs (aspirin, ticlopidine, sulfinpyrazone) and numbers of patients for whom dipyridamole was discontinued were examined across three experimental groups and a control group. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS Dipyridamole expenditures for each study patient during a six-month preintervention and six-month postintervention period were collected from Medicaid prescription drug claims. Patients who had zero dipyridamole expenditures throughout the six-month postintervention period were classified as having had dipyridamole discontinued. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Letters sent to both physicians and pharmacists resulted in a greater percentage of patients discontinuing dipyridamole relative to controls and statistically significant differences in postintervention dipyridamole expenditures relative to controls in both the long-term care and ambulatory patient populations. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that focus on another person in the drug use process in addition to the physician may have greater effects on a change in the prescribing of a targeted drug than letters to physicians alone.
Cellular Distribution and Subcellular Localization of mCLCA1/2 in Murine Gastrointestinal Epithelia

mCLCA1/2 are members of the CLCA protein family that are widely expressed in secretory epithelia, but their putative physiological role still awaits elucidation. mCLCA1/2 have 95% amino acid identity, but currently no specific antibody is available. We have generated a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb849) against aa 424–443 of mCLCA1/2. In HEK293 cells transfected with mCLCA1; pAb849 detected two specific protein bands at ×125 kDa and 90 kDa, representing full-length precursor and N-terminal cleavage product, respectively. pAb849 also immunoprecipitated mCLCA1 and labeled the protein by immunostaining. But pAb849 crossreacted with mCLCA3/4/6 despite ≤80% amino acid identity of the antigenic epitope. We therefore investigated the cellular localization of mCLCA1/2 in epithelial tissues, which do not express mCLCA3/4/6 (salivary glands, pancreas, kidney) or express mCLCA3/6 with known localization (mucus cells of stomach and small intestine; villi of small intestine). mCLCA1/2 mRNA and protein expression were found in both parotid and submandibular gland, and immunohistochemistry revealed labeling in parotid acinar cells, in the luminal membrane of parotid duct cells, and in the duct cells of submandibular gland. In exocrine pancreas, mCLCA1/2 expression was restricted to acinar zymogen granule membranes, as assessed by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and preembedding immunoperoxidase and immunogold electron microscopy. Moreover, mCLCA1/2 immunolabeling was present in luminal membranes of gastric parietal cells and small intestinal crypt enterocytes, whereas in the kidney, mCLCA1/2 protein was localized to proximal and distal tubules. The apical membrane localization and overall distribution pattern of mCLCA1/2 favor a transmembrane protein implicated in transepithelial ion transport and protein secretion.
An Empirical Study of Volatility in Seven Southeast Asian Stock Markets Using ARV Models

"This paper investigates the volatility persistence, volatility variability from day to day and transmission of volatility in seven Southeast Asian stock markets from 1980 to 1991 using the ARV approach. We found strong evidence that shocks to volatility are persistent in Taiwan. Moreover, the Stock Exchange of Thailand Daily Index has the strongest interday volatility fluctuation. Instantaneous causality of volatility among six of the seven markets (except Seoul) was discovered. Besides, there is significant volatility spillover effect from Hong Kong to Taiwan, Malaysia to Singapore and Singapore to Malaysia in the period 1980 to 1991. " Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1997.
Conceptualizations of justice in climate policy

Distributive justice in climate change has been of interest both to the ethics and to the climate policy communities, but the two have remained relatively isolated. By combining an applied ethics approach with a focus on the details of a wide range of proposed international climate policies, this article proposes two arguments. First, three categories of proposals are identified, each characterized by its assumptions about the nature of the ‘problem’ of climate change, the burdens that this problem imposes, and its application of distribution rules. Each category presents potential implications for distributive justice. The second, related, argument is that assumptions about technology, sovereignty, substitution and public perceptions of ethics shape the distributive justice outcomes of proposed policies even though these areas have largely been overlooked in discussions of the subject in either literature. The final lesson of this study is that the definition, measurement and distribution of burdens are all critical variables for distributive justice in climate policy.
Two-Edge-Corner Image Features for Registration of Geospatial Images with Large View Variations

This paper presents a robust image feature that can be used to automatically establish match correspondences between aerial images of suburban areas with large view variations. Unlike most commonly used invariant image features, this feature is view variant. The geometrical structure of the feature allows predicting its visual appearance according to the observer’s view. This feature is named 2EC (2 Edges and a Corner) as it utilizes two line segments or edges and their intersection or corner. These lines are constrained to correspond to the boundaries of rooftops. The description of each feature includes the two edges’ length, their intersection, orientation, and the image patch surrounded by a parallelogram that is constructed with the two edges. Potential match candidates are obtained by comparing features, while accounting for the geometrical changes that are expected due to large view variation. Once the putative matches are obtained, the outliers are filtered out using a projective matrix optimization method. Based on the results of the optimization process, a second round of matching is conducted within a more confined search space that leads to a more accurate match establishment. We demonstrate how establishing match correspondences using these features lead to computing more accurate camera parameters and fundamental matrix and therefore more accurate image registration and 3D reconstruction.
The CF and Accounting Standards: The Persistence of Discrepancies

The conceptual framework (CF) has introduced a set of ideals and broad criteria for financial reporting focusing on servicing users’ information needs. In this article, each concepts statement is considered, in turn, and its consistency with selected accounting standards examined. Particular attention is paid to accounting standards issued for the first time, or in a revised form, subsequent to the release of the concepts statements. It is found that many standards have provisions that are at odds with the CF. These inconsistencies come as no surprise. The CF is incomplete; the issue of measurement remains unresolved, leaving ambiguity in the definitions of concepts such as revenue. The CF project has remained unfinished while standard setters have given priority to other tasks, such as international harmonization, in resolving contemporary financial reporting issues.
Online marketplace service innovation: the case of Lelong.com.my

Successful online marketplace service innovation requires a website platform supporting secure and pleasant trading, plus strategic integration to enhance business profitability and sustainability. This case study examined how one such innovation was introduced into a new – largely unprepared – market, using unproven technology. Interviews with 'Lelong.com. my' founder and information from public sources revealed that this comprehensive online marketplace innovation had evolved gradually through various contextual factors' interactions. Its sustainable success appears to have been achieved mainly by focusing on the tech-savvy market niche, building up a sense of community among satisfied customers, and through the passionate determination of the entrepreneurial team.
Transgene expression of prion protein induces crinophagy in intermediate pituitary cells

The cellular form of the prion protein (PrPC) is a plasma membrane‐anchored glycoprotein whose physiological function is poorly understood. Here we report the effect of transgene expression of Xenopus PrPC fused to the C‐terminus of the green fluorescent protein (GFP‐PrPC) specifically in the neuroendocrine intermediate pituitary melanotrope cells of Xenopus laevis. In the transgenic melanotrope cells, the level of the prohormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the secretory pathway was reduced when the cells were (i) exposed for a relatively long time to the transgene product (by physiologically inducing transgene expression), (ii) metabolically stressed, or (iii) forced to produce unfolded POMC. Intriguingly, although the overall ultrastructure was normal, electron microscopy revealed the induction of lysosomes taking up POMC secretory granules (crinophagy) in the transgenic melanotrope cells, likely causing the reduced POMC levels. Together, our results indicate that in neuroendocrine cells transgene expression of PrPC affects the functioning of the secretory pathway and induces crinophagy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Neurobiol 67: 81–96, 2007
Zebrafish sp7:EGFP: A transgenic for studying otic vesicle formation, skeletogenesis, and bone regeneration

We report the expression pattern and construction of a transgenic zebrafish line for a transcription factor involved in otic vesicle formation and skeletogenesis. The zinc finger transcription factor sp7 (formerly called osterix) is reported as a marker of osteoblasts. Using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)‐mediated transgenesis, we generated a zebrafish transgenic line for studying skeletal development, Tg(sp7:EGFP)b1212. Using a zebrafish BAC, EGFP was introduced downstream of the regulatory regions of sp7 and injected into one cell‐stage embryos. In this transgenic line, GFP expression reproduces endogenous sp7 gene expression in the otic placode and vesicle, and in forming skeletal structures. GFP‐positive cells were also detected in adult fish, and were found associated with regenerating fin rays postamputation. This line provides an essential tool for the further study of zebrafish otic vesicle formation and the development and regeneration of the skeleton. genesis 48:505–511, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel synchronization algorithm for OFDM system based on training sequence added scramble code

Synchronization is key technology of OFDM system. SC algorithm adopts training sequence presented by Schmidl and Cox. It's estimation of timing and frequency offset is more precise. But SC algorithm has platform when estimating the timing. In this paper, a novel method is presented aimed to solve SC's platform problem. A PN are used to scramble the training sequence in transmitter. In the receiver, training sequence could be recovered by the PN only at the right position of symbol synchronization. This method solves the time platform problem of SC algorithm, enhances the performance of SC algorithm.
REVISITING THE ORIGINAL GHOSH MODEL: CAN IT BE MADE MORE PLAUSIBLE?

We reconsider in this paper the alleged implausibility of Ghosh's model and we do so reformulating the model to incorporate an alternative closure rule. Our proposed closure rule is in line with the original allocation rules defined by A. Ghosh. The closure solves, to some extent, the implausibility problem that was pointed out by Oosterhaven, for then value-added is correctly computed and responsive to allocation changes resulting from supply shocks. Some numerical examples illustrate the sectoral and aggregate consistency of the allocation equilibrium.
A strategic approach to social impact measurement of social enterprises: The SIMPLE methodology

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a coherent and robust methodology for social impact measurement of social enterprises (SEs) that would provide the conceptual and practical bases for training and embedding.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a holistic impact measurement model for SEs, called social impact for local economies (SIMPLEs). The SIMPLE impact model and methodology have been tried and tested on over 40 SEs through a series of three day training courses, and a smaller number of test cases for embedding. The impact model offers a five‐step approach to impact measurement called SCOPE IT; MAP IT; TRACK IT; TELL IT and EMBED IT. These steps help SE managers to conceptualise the impact problem; identify and prioritise impacts for measurement; develop appropriate impact measures; report impacts and embed the results in management decision making.Findings – Preliminary qualitative feedback from participants reveals that while the SIMPLE impact training delivers positive le.
Is it Overreaction? The Performance of Value and Momentum Strategies at Long Horizons

Recent studies on momentum effects document that momentum profits revert at long horizons and interpret this as support for delayed overreaction theories of momentum. In this paper I show that these long horizon reversals are a book-to-market effect. They disappear after adjusting returns for book-to-market and taking into account the predictable changes in book-to-market experienced by extreme performers following portfolio formation. The source of momentum profits is therefore closely linked to the nature of the book-to-market effect. If book-to-market captures mispricing, the findings are still consistent with the delayed overreaction explanation. However, if it captures risk, then momentum can be an underreaction phenomenon, despite reversals in unadjusted returns. I also examine long horizon returns of value strategies and find a strong decay in the value-growth return spread. This is consistent with overreaction explanations of book-to-market effects. For risk-based explanations the result implies that firm-level expected returns have a strong tendency to revert to the cross-sectional mean. In addition to CRSP/COMPUSTAT the empirical analysis employs a large new UK data set that features balance sheet information for virtually all firms listed on the London Stock Exchange since 1955. In contrast to COMPUSTAT this data set is free of survivorship bias.
Granular and Star-Shaped Price Systems

Linear price systems, typically used to model “perfect” markets, are widely known not to accommodate most of the typical frictions featured in “actual” ones. Since some years, “proportional” frictions (taxes, bid-ask spreads, and so on) are modeled by means of sublinear price functionals, which proved to give a more “realistic” description. In this paper, we want to introduce two more classes of functionals, not yet widely used in Mathematical Finance, which provide a further improvement and an even closer adherence to actual markets, namely the class of granular functionals, obtained when the unit prices of traded assets are increasing w.r. t. the traded amount; and the class of star-shaped functionals, obtained when the average unit prices of traded assets are increasing w.r. t. the traded amount. A characterisation of such functionals, together with their relationships with arbitrages and other (more significant) market inefficiencies, is explored.
Reproduction-Related Genes in the Pearl Oyster Genome

Molluscan reproduction has been a target of biological research because of the various reproductive strategies that have evolved in this phylum. It has also been studied for the development of fisheries technologies, particularly aquaculture. Although fundamental processes of reproduction in other phyla, such as vertebrates and arthropods, have been well studied, information on the molecular mechanisms of molluscan reproduction remains limited. The recently released draft genome of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata provides a novel and powerful platform for obtaining structural information on the genes and proteins involved in bivalve reproduction. In the present study, we analyzed the pearl oyster draft genome to screen reproduction-related genes. Analysis was mainly conducted for genes reported from other molluscs for encoding orthologs of reproduction-related proteins in other phyla. The gene search in the P. fucata gene models (version 1.1) and genome assembly (version 1.0) were performed using Genome Browser and BLAST software. The obtained gene models were then BLASTP searched against a public database to confirm the best-hit sequences. As a result, more than 40 gene models were identified with high accuracy to encode reproduction-related genes reported for P. fucata and other molluscs. These include vasa, nanos, doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors, vitellogenin, estrogen receptor, and others. The set of reproduction-related genes of P. fucata identified in the present study constitute a new tool for research on bivalve reproduction at the molecular level.
Environmental risk factors for Lyme disease identified with geographic information systems.

OBJECTIVES A geographic information system was used to identify and locate residential environmental risk factors for Lyme disease. METHODS Data were obtained for 53 environmental variables at the residences of Lyme disease case patients in Baltimore County from 1989 through 1990 and compared with data for randomly selected addresses. A risk model was generated combining the geographic information system with logistic regression analysis. The model was validated by comparing the distribution of cases in 1991 with another group of randomly selected addresses. RESULTS In crude analyses, 11 environmental variables were associated with Lyme disease. In adjusted analyses, residence in forested areas (odds ratio [OR] = 3.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2, 11.8), on specific soils (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.0, 4.4), and in two regions of the county (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.6, 7.4) (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.0, 7.7) was associated with elevated risk of getting Lyme disease. Residence in highly developed regions was protective (OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.1, 1.0). The risk of Lyme disease in 1991 increased with risk categories defined from the 1989 through 1990 data. CONCLUSIONS Combining a geographic information system with epidemiologic methods can be used to rapidly identify risk factors of zoonotic disease over large areas.