Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Numerical Simulators for Greenhouse Gas Storage in Coalbeds , Part I : Pure Carbon Dioxide Injection

The injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) in deep, unmineable coalbeds is a very attractive option for geologic CO2 storage: the CO2 is stored and at the same time the recovery of coalbed methane (CBM) is enhanced. The revenue of methane (CH4) production can offset the expenditures of the storage operation. Coalbeds form complex gas reservoirs characterized by their dual porosity: they contain both primary and secondary porosity systems. The primary porosity system contains the vast majority of the gas-in-place volume while the secondary porosity system provides the conduit for mass transfer to production wells. Primary porosity gas storage is dominated by adsorption. Mass transfer for each gas molecular species is dominated by diffusion that is driven by the concentration gradient. Flow through the secondary porosity system is dominated by Darcy flow that relates flow rate to permeability and pressure gradient. A full understanding of all of the process mechanisms is essential to performing a numerical simulation of this CO2 storage process in which CO2 is injected into the coalbed to replace the adsorbed CH4. Existing CBM numerical simulators which are developed for the primary CBM recovery process, have many important features such as: (1) a dual porosity system; (2) Darcy flows of gas and water (i.e., multiphase flow) in the natural fracture system; (3) pure gas diffusion and adsorption in the primary porosity system; and (4) coal shrinkage due to gas desorption; taken into consideration. However, process mechanisms become more complex with CO2 injection. Additional features such as: (1) coal swelling due to CO2 sorption on coal; (2) mixed gas adsorption; (3) mixed gas diffusion; and (4) nonisothermal effect for gas injection; have to be considered. This paper describes the first part of a comparison study between numerical simulators for CO2 storage in coalbeds with pure CO2 injection. The second part of the comparison study will be for CO2 storage in coalbed with flue gas injection. Proposed problem sets are presented along with preliminary simulation results obtained from various numerical
Acoustic counting algorithms for wireless sensor networks

This study presents two algorithms that count birds with wireless sensors equipped with microphones. Audio inputs are parametrized to get some kind of fingerprints which are used to recognize the song of the birds in a classification process. Afterward, counting algorithms derive an estimate of the number of singing birds in the habitat. Unlike traditional approaches which leverage the audio waveform to get the location of the targets, we use a trilateration technique on graphs derived from the detection of the birds. These graphs exhibit nice properties which enable the finding of the estimate in polynomial time. Further, experiments are conducted and confirmm the efficiency of our counting algorithms even in the presence of noise.
Notice of RetractionIndustrial Determinants of Business Group: Evidence from China

In this paper we investigate industrial determinants of business group. It is found that industrial capital intensity, growth, risk and competition all influence group formation. Specifically, business group is more prevalent in capital intensive industry; industry growth also helps construct group structure; further, business group more likely exist in risky industry; finally fierce competition reduces the possibility of group formation.
Lamin B1 loss is a senescence-associated biomarker

This study rigorously defines lamin B1 loss as a marker of senescence in response to all classic signals of senescence, including DNA damage, oncogene activation, and replicative exhaustion. This decline is induced by activation of either the p53 or the pRb pathway and occurs in vivo in response to a senescence-inducing dose of radiation.
Getting the Story Straight: Illusions and Delusions in the Organizational Change Process

This paper considers the methodological implications arising from competing narratives of an organizational change process in a large acute city teaching hospital. This qualitative case study was informed by a processual-contextual perspective, and relied on an interpretive, constructivist epistemology. Two forms of contradiction are revealed. First, differing accounts were offered of substantive dimensions of the change programme. Second, the impact of change on organizational effectiveness was indeterminate. This study suggests that the unitary, authentic narrative is illusory. Political motivations underpinning account-giving, and phenomenological variations in the lived experience of change, make competing narratives a naturally occurring phenomenon, not a methodological aberration. These findings have two main implications. First, case narrative validation through triangulation should be abandoned in favour of the pursuit of polyphony and ambiguity. Second, the researcher faces the choice of being either an arbiter of accuracy, or of holding the less comfortable, more challenging, but creatively constructive role of exposing organizational tensions, disputes and contradictions.
Politecnico di Torino Porto Institutional Repository [ Proceeding ] Power-Gating : More Than Leakage Savings

While CMOS technology keeps running towards the physical limit of ”nanometer” lengths, many critical design issues have already appeared in today’s technologies (65nm and 45nm). Among them, Power and Reliability are the most insidious, because they affect energy efficiency and life-time of digital systems. In this work we establish an important link between these two metrics. More specifically, we show how the most widely adopted leakage-reduction technique, that is power-gating, can go beyond its specific goal (i.e., saving leakage) by providing, per se, an effective solution to mitigate NBTI-induced aging. Based on this important property, we first present an automated methodology that allows a push-button estimation of the aging effects induced by NBTI on logic circuits (in terms of delay degradation) and SRAM memory cells (in terms of Static Noise Margin (SNM) reduction). Second, using an industrial 45nm technology, we quantify the actual capability of power-gating to further reduce the aging of CMOS devices and extend the lifetime of digital circuits.
Working Paper No . 52 8 Can Bureaucrats Really Be Paid Like CEOs ? School Administrator Incentives for Anemia Reduction in Rural China By

A large literature examines performance pay for managers in the private sector, but little is known about performance pay for managers in public sector bureaucracies. In this paper, we study performance incentives rewarding school administrators for reducing anemia among their students. Randomly assigning 170 schools to three performance incentive levels and two orthogonal sizes of unconditional grants, we analyze performance pay and its complementarity with discretionary resources. We find that both large incentives and larger unconditional grants reduced anemia substantially, but incentives were more cost-effective. Performance incentives led administrators to innovate by working with parents, mitigating potentially offsetting compensatory behavior among households. Strikingly, we also find that larger unconditional grants completely crowded-out the effect of incentives. Our findings suggest that performance incentives can be effective in bureaucratic environments – but also that discretionary resources can fully crowd-out their effect. Renfu Luo Chinese Academy of Sciences luorf.ccap@igsnrr.ac. cn Grant Miller CHP/PCOR Stanford University 117 Encina Commons Stanford, CA 94305-6019 and NBER ngmiller@stanford.edu Scott Rozelle Stanford University Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Encina Hall E407 Stanford, CA 94305-6055 rozelle@stanford.edu Sean Sylvia School of Economics Renmin University of China No 59 Zhongguancun Ave Beijing, China 100872 sean.sylvia@gmail.com Marcos Vera-Hernández University College London Department of Economics Gower St. London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom m.vera@ucl.ac. uk A randomized controlled trials registry entry is available at: http://www.povertyactionlab. org/Hypothesis-Registry
Microscopic Equations and Stability Conditions in Optimal Neural Networks

Using the cavity method, I derive the microscopic equations and their stability condition for information learning in neural networks, optimized with arbitrary performance functions in terms of the aligning fields of the examples. In the thermodynamic limit the aligning fields are well-defined functions of the cavity fields. Iterating the microscopic equations provides a general algorithm for network learning, supported by simulations in the maximally stable perceptron and the committee tree. Macroscopic results agree with the replica theory and the Almeida-Thouless stability condition.
TRIF Is a Critical Negative Regulator of TLR Agonist Mediated Activation of Dendritic Cells In Vivo

Despite recent advances in developing and licensing adjuvants, there is a great need for more potent formulations to enhance immunogenicity of vaccines. An Eimeria tenella derived antigen (rEA) augments immune responses against several pathogens in animal models and recently was confirmed to be safe for human use. In this study, we have analyzed the molecular mechanisms underlying rEA activity in mice, and confirmed that rEA activates multiple immune cell types, including DCs, macrophages, NK, B, and T cells. The rEA adjuvant also elicits the induction of pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokines, responses that completely depend upon the presence of the TLR adaptor protein MyD88. Surprisingly, we also found that the TRIF adaptor protein acts as a potent negative regulator of TLR agonist-triggered immune responses. For example, IL12 production and the induction of co-stimulatory molecule expression by DCs and IFNγ production by NK cells in vivo were significantly increased in rEA-treated TRIF-KO mice. Importantly, however, TRIF suppressive effects were not restricted to rEA-mediated responses, but were apparent in LPS- or ODN2006-activated DCs as well. Taken together, our findings confirm that rEA is a potent adjuvant, triggering robust activation of the innate immune system, in a manner that is augmented by MyD88 and inhibited by TRIF; thereby unveiling the potential complexities of modulating TLR activity to augment vaccine efficacy.
Android-based application to assist doctor with Alzheimer's patient

Alzheimer‘s disease is one of the leading diseases that contribute to dementia cases. The Alzheimer‘s patient suffers from memory loss and losing judgment due to its effect on the human brain.Alzheimer‘s patients need to be monitored and assisted in their daily life especially for medication.Proper medication may reduce the effect of Alzheimer‘s disease on the patient.The Android-based mobile application is one of current technologies that can be used to assist doctors to monitor Alzheimer‘s patient medication.The application alert patient when to consume the medicine based on the schedule provided by the doctor.The application has been evaluated by doctors, where the responses are very satisfactory.
Reconceptualizing Stars: Scientist Helpfulness and Peer Performance

It is surprising that the prevailing performance taxonomy for scientists (star versus nonstar) focuses only on individual output and ignores social behavior, because innovation is often characterized as a communal process. To develop a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which scientists influence the productivity of others, I expand the traditional taxonomy of scientists that focuses solely on productivity and add a second, social dimension: helpfulness to others. Using a combination of academic paper publications and citations to capture scientist productivity and the receipt of academic paper acknowledgments to measure helpfulness, I examine the change in publishing output of the coauthors of 149 scientists that die. Coauthors of highly helpful scientists that die experience a decrease in output quality but not output quantity. Meanwhile, the deaths of high productivity scientists that are not highly helpful do not influence their coauthors' output. In addition, scientists who are helpful with conceptual feedback (critique and advice) have a larger impact on the performance of their coauthors than scientists who provide help with material access, scientific tools, or technical work. Within the context of evaluating scientific productivity, it may be time to update our conceptualization of a “star. ” This paper was accepted by Lee Fleming, entrepreneurship and innovation.
A deterministic linear time algorithm for geometric separators and its applications

We give a deterministic linear time algorithm for finding a smallcost sphere separator of a <? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>-plyneighborhood system &Fgr; in any fixed dimension, where a<? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>-ply neighborhood system in<inline-equation><f><blkbd>R</blkbd><sup>d</sup></f><? Pub Caret></inline-equation> is a collection of<? Pub Fmt italic>n<? Pub Fmt /italic> balls such that no points in thespace is covered by more than <? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>balls. The sphere separator intersects at most <inline-equation><f>O<fen lp="par">k<fr><nu>1</nu><de>d</de></fr>n<fr><nu>d-1</nu><de>d</de></fr><rp post="par"></fen></f></inline-equation> balls of &Fgr; and it divides the remaining of &Fgr;into two parts: those in the interior and those in the exterior of thesphere, respectively, so that the larger part contains at mostδ<? Pub Fmt italic>n<? Pub Fmt /italic> balls <inline-equation><f><fen lp="par"><fr><nu>d+1</nu><de>d+2</de></fr><<g>d</g><1<rp post="par"></fen></f></inline-equation>. This result improves the <? Pub Fmt italic>0(n<supscrpt>2</supscrpt>)<? Pub Fmt /italic> timedeterministic algorithm of Miller and Teng [29] and answers a majoralgorithmic open question posed by Miller, Teng, Thurston and Vavasis[23,25]. The deterministic algorithm hinges on the use of a new method forderiving the separator property of neighborhood systems. Using thisalgorithm, we devise an <? Pub Fmt italic>O(kn + n logn)<? Pub Fmt /italic> time deterministic algorithm for computing theintersection graph of a <? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>-plyneighborhood system. We give an <? Pub Fmt italic>O(n logn)<? Pub Fmt /italic> time algorithm for constructing a linear space,<? Pub Fmt italic>O(log n)<? Pub Fmt /italic> query time search structurefor a geometric query problem associated with<? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>-ply neighborhood systems, and weuse this data structure in an algorithm for approximating the value of<? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic> within a constant factor in time<? Pub Fmt italic>O(n log n)<? Pub Fmt /italic>. We also develop adeterministic linear time algorithm for finding an <inline-equation><f>O<fen lp="par">k<fr><nu>1</nu><de>d</de></fr>n<fr><nu>d-1</nu><de>d</de></fr><rp post="par"></fen></f></inline-equation>-separator for a<? Pub Fmt italic>k<? Pub Fmt /italic>-nearest neighborhood graph in<? Pub Fmt italic>d<? Pub Fmt /italic> dimensions.
Quantifying psychological resilience and elucidating its mechanisms using multivariate modelling

i Lay summary iii Declaration iv Publications v Acknowledgements vi List of abbreviations vii Chapter 1: An introduction to Major Depressive Disorder 1 1.1 Overview 1.2 Diagnostic criteria and treatment for MDD 1.3 Epidemiology 1.4 Aetiology 1.4. 1 Genetics 1.4. 2 The brain 1.4. 3 Psychological and cognitive factors 1.4. 4 The environment 1.5 Chapter conclusions Chapter 2: The concept of psychological resilience 10 2.1 History and overview 2.2 Adversity 2.3 Positive adaptation 2.4 Protective factors 2.4. 1 Personality 2.4. 2 Interpersonal factors and coping 2.4. 3 The brain 2.4. 4 Genetics 2.5 Resilience measurement 2.6 Summary and PhD aims Chapter 3: Intelligence as a form of resilience 22 3.1 Background 3.2 Paper: Intelligence and neuroticism in relation to depression and psychological distress 3.3 Abstract 3.4 Introduction 3.5 Methods 3.5. 1 GS:SFHS overview 3.5. 2 GS:SFHS study assessments 3.5. 3 UK Biobank overview 3.5. 4 UK Biobank study assessments 3.6 Statistical analysis 3.6. 1 GS:SFHS 3.6. 2 UK Biobank 3.7 Results 3.7. 1 GS:SFHS 3.7. 1.1 Associations of neuroticism and g with MDD status 3.7. 1.2 Interaction between neuroticism and g on MDD 3.7. 1.3 Associations of neuroticism and g with psychological distress 3.7. 1.4 Interaction between neuroticism and g on psychological distress
Do WMAP data favor neutrino mass and a coupling between Cold Dark Matter and Dark Energy?

Within the frame of cosmologies where Dark Energy (DE) is a self-interacting scalar field, we allow for a CDM-DE coupling and non-zero neutrino masses, simultaneously. In their 0-0 version, i.e. in the absence of coupling and neutrino mass, these cosmologies provide an excellent fit to WMAP, SNIa and deep galaxy sample spectra, at least as good as ΛCDM. When the new degrees of freedom are open, we find that CDM-DE coupling and significant neutrino masses (∼ 0.1 eV per ν species) are at least as likely as the 0-0 option and, in some cases, even statistically favoured. Results are obtained by using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain approach.
"On-the-fly" voxelization for 6 degrees-of-freedom haptic virtual sculpting

Virtual sculpting allows users to created 3-dimensional artworks and prototypes by using a 3D input device to control a sculpting tool. While existing methods allow a range of sculpting effects, they are limited to simplistic polyhedral tool shapes (usually spherical or point-based) or complex voxel-based tools that can only be applied at fixed orientations.This paper presents a model for real-time voxel-based virtual sculpting that performs on-the-fly voxelization of a polyhedral tool to determine the region of the sculpture to modify. This allows the tool to take on a variety of shapes ranging from simple to complex polyhedra. It also allows the tool to be applied to the sculpture at any orientation. The algorithm for voxelization is a seed-filling algorithm that features several heuristics that enhance the performance, allowing sculpting to occur in real-time. The model provides 6-degrees-of-freedom haptic feedback allowing users to feel what they are sculpting. The scene is visualized using a localized Marching Cues algorithm. A working implementation of the model is presented and discussed along with some images of sculptures produced from this implementation.
Experiments in Natural Language Processing with Sparse Learning

Text categorization and sentence classification have been studied extensively for the last decades. Classifying biomedical texts, In particular, poses several challenges due to its complexity and training time. It was shown in [1] that simplified sentences improve the classification accuracy and reduce the required parsing time. In this work, we propose an efficient binary sentence classification model based on Random Indexing to promote sparsity in the data.
Do Depressive Traits and Hostility Predict Age-Related Decline in General Intelligence?

Certain personality traits are likely to be associated with stress and distress through the lifespan, and as a consequence these traits may influence the rate of age-related cognitive decline. The present study uses data from the Glostrup 1914 cohort to analyze potential effects of personality on decline in general intelligence over a 30-year period. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was administered at a 50-year baseline exam, and from this inventory the Obvious Depression Scale and an abbreviated version of the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale were derived. At the 50-year baseline and at the 60-, 70-, and 80-year followups the full version of Wechsler's Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was administered to 673, 513, 136, and 184 participants. Mixed effects statistical models were used to evaluate both the effect of the personality scores on level of intelligence and the interaction between the personality scores and the time since followup. Analyses were adjusted for demographic background and a wide range of lifestyle factors. Both obvious depression and hostility were negatively associated with level of intelligence, but personality scores did not influence rate of decline in general intelligence.
Vesicular Sterols Are Essential for Synaptic Vesicle Cycling

Synaptic vesicles have a high sterol content, but the importance of vesicular sterols during vesicle recycling is unclear. We used the Drosophila temperature-sensitive dynamin mutant, shibire-ts1, to block endocytosis of recycling synaptic vesicles and to trap them reversibly at the plasma membrane where they were accessible to sterol extraction. Depletion of sterols from trapped vesicles prevented recovery of synaptic transmission after removal of the endocytic block. Measurement of vesicle recycling with synaptopHluorin, FM1-43, and FM4-64 demonstrated impaired membrane retrieval after vesicular sterol depletion. When plasma membrane sterols were extracted before vesicle trapping, no vesicle recycling defects were observed. Ultrastructural analysis indicated accumulation of endosomes and a defect in the formation of synaptic vesicles in synaptic terminals subjected to vesicular sterol depletion. Our results demonstrate the importance of a high vesicular sterol concentration for endocytosis and suggest that vesicular and membrane sterol pools do not readily intermingle during vesicle recycling.
Considering multiple methods for differentiating conceptually close constructs: Examples from the field of positive psychology

The field of positive psychology has sparked significant interest for researchers, in part given the apparent potential for individuals higher on “positive” dispositions to experience better health and well‐being. However, as the field has grown, so too have the number of conceptually similar dispositions identified by researchers as important to study. As such, there is an increasing need for researchers to understand whether and how conceptually similar “positive” dispositions are actually unique, an issue that may not be unique to positive psychology but has worsened with the field's prominence. The current manuscript provides a roadmap for one approach to differentiating conceptually close constructs in psychology, with examples couched within positive psychology. We will discuss the importance of combining quantitative and qualitative inquiries, as well as the adoption of techniques from multiple psychology disciplines, in order to better distinguish characteristics frequently studied in positive psychology.
A Novel In Situ Gel Formulation of Ranitidine for Oral Sustained Delivery

The main purpose of this study was to develop a novel, in situ gel system for sustained delivery of ranitidine hydrochloride. Ranitidine in situ gels at 0.2%, 0.5%, and 1.0% gellan gum concentration (w/v) were prepared, respectively, and characterized in terms of preparation, viscosity and in vitro release. The viscosity of the gellan gum formulations in solution increased with increasing concentrations of gellan gum. In vitro study showed that the release of ranitidine from these gels was characterized by an initial phase of high release (burst effect) and translated to the second phase of moderate release. Single photon emission computing tomography technique was used to evaluate the stomach residence time of gel containing 99mTc tracer. The animal experiment suggested in situ gel had feasibility of forming gels in stomach and sustained the ranitidine release from the gels over the period of at least 8 h. In conclusion, the in situ gel system is a promising approach for the oral delivery of ranitidine for the therapeutic effects improvement.