Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control of a Robot Arm Using Iterative Learning Algorithm with a Stopping Criterion

Prestasi lasak bagi skema kawalan robot sangat perlu untuk memastikan robot dapat bekerja dengan berkesan seperti yang dikehendaki dalam persekitaran terbatas melibatkan gangguan, perubahan parameter, ketidaktentuan dan kepelbagaian keadaan operasi. Kajian yang dibuat adalah berkaitan dengan satu skema kawalan daya aktif dan algoritma pembelajaran berlelaran (AFCAIL) yang melibatkan satu ciri pembaikan dalam bentuk penggunaan kriteria memberhenti yang sesuai dimuatkan dalam strategi kawalan. Skema tersebut digunapakai terhadap sistem pengolah robotik planar berlengan–dua yang beroperasi secara mendatar. Kriteria memberhenti yang dicadangkan adalah reka bentuk untuk memberhentikan proses pembelajaran berlelaran apabila syarat atau keadaan berkaitan dengan kejituan ketika melakukan tugas serta perolehan matriks inersia anggaran pengolah yang dikehendaki dapat dipenuhi. Dengan cara demikian, robot dikatakan dapat beroperasi dengan baik sebagaimana yang diarahkan. Keberkesanan skema juga dikaji dengan mengambil kira beberapa keadaan bebanan dan operasi. Kata kunci: Robot; kawalan daya aktif; algoritma pembelajaran berlelaran; kriterion memberhenti The robust performance of a robot control scheme is vital to ensure that the robot accomplishes its tasks desirably in a constraint environment involving disturbances, parametric changes, uncertainties and varied operating conditions. The study introduces the Active Force Control and Iterative Learning Algorithm (AFCAIL) scheme with an improved feature in the form of a suitably designed stopping criterion incorporated in the control strategy. The scheme is applied to the control of a horiziontally operated robotic two–link planar manipulator. The proposed stopping criterion is specifically designed to halt the iterative learning process when the conditions related to the accuracy of the performed tasks and the acquisition of appropriate estimated inertia matrix of the robot arm are favourably met. In this way, the robot is said to perform desirably and excellently. The effectiveness of the scheme is also investigated by considering a number different loading and operating conditions. Key words: Robot; active force control; iterative learning algorithm; stopping criterion
Making Business Sense of the E-Opportunity

Most corporate executives are by now convinced that the scale and pervasiveness of technological change requires a fundamental review of business strategy. Web-based technology is creating opportunities to rethink business models, processes and relationships along the whole length of the supply chain. Successful e-strategies translate established strategic concepts into contexts in which they previously were not economically viable. For example, in the 1960s and 1970s IBM won the loyalty of major corporate customers through highly paid account executives who provided so-called relationship management. Today that same concept ? now technologically based ? is being deployed to tailor support to individual consumers. But there is still enormous uncertainty within the business community about the future shape of e-business ? as evidenced by the mood swings of the financial markets and the faltering fortunes of even the icons of the New Economy. The sheer scope of potential change presents some challenges: How can executives make sense of the burgeoning e-business ideas, and where does strategic analysis begin? Behind the new e-business language, how new are the strategic concepts? And what form will a company's strategic e-opportunity take? As a platform for answering those questions and exploring the new strategic landscape, author David Feeny constructs a coherent map of the e-opportunity. He identifies three layers of e-opportunity, or domains, that exist within operations, marketing and customer service. In each domain, technology may enable a radical new vision of what a business can accomplish. Although every business should be considering opportunities across all three domains, the potential significance of each domain and of individual ideas within it will vary widely across industry sectors and businesses.
Limited Intermixing of Synaptic Vesicle Components upon Vesicle Recycling

Synaptic vesicles recycle repeatedly in order to maintain synaptic transmission. We have previously proposed that upon exocytosis the vesicle components persist as clusters, which would be endocytosed as whole units. It has also been proposed that the vesicle components diffuse into the plasma membrane and are then randomly gathered into new vesicles. We found here that while strong stimulation (releasing the entire recycling pool) causes the diffusion of the vesicle marker synaptotagmin out of synaptic boutons, moderate stimulation (releasing ∼19% of all vesicles) is followed by no measurable diffusion. In agreement with this observation, synaptotagmin molecules labeled with different fluorescently tagged antibodies did not appear to mix upon vesicle recycling, when investigated by subdiffraction resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Finally, as protein diffusion from vesicles has been mainly observed using molecules tagged with pH‐sensitive green fluorescent protein (pHluorin), we have also investigated the membrane patterning of several native and pHluorin‐tagged proteins. While the native proteins had a clustered distribution, the GFP‐tagged ones were diffused in the plasma membrane. We conclude that synaptic vesicle components intermix little, at least under moderate stimulation, possibly because of the formation of clusters in the plasma membrane. We suggest that several pHluorin‐tagged vesicle proteins are less well integrated in clusters.
An Information-Theoretic Study on Aggregate Responses

An enumeration of individual objects is not always the best means of infonnation exchange. This papiz concerns the problem of providing aggregate responses to database queries. An aggregate response is an expression whose terms an3 quantified concepts. The tradeoff between the conciseness and preciseness of an aggregate response is studied. Conciseness is measured by the length (the number of terms) of an expression, and preciseness is measured by the entropy or the amount of uncertainty associated with the expression. For a given length, an expression with the minimum amount of entropy is called optimal. Under a one-level taxonomy with the same cardinaliries for all leaf concepts, the problem of tinding an op timal expression can be solved inexpensively. An efficient heuristic is also proposed for the general one-level taxonomy. For a taxonomy of more than one level, an efficient heuristic is suggested which experiments indicate yields good solutions.
New models of visual saliency: Contourlet transform based model and hybrid model

Modeling of visual attention is a very active research domain which has attracted the attention of researchers over the past years. Several models of saliency detection are now available that have shown successful applications in various fields. In this paper, we initially present three models already existing in the literature, we are talking about Itti's model, Imamoglu's model and Le Moans's model. Then, we present our proposal models in order to improve the results obtained from these three models: the first one is based on the Contourlet Transform and the second is an Hybrid model which combines Imamoglu's model and Le Moans's model.
Design of a Vein Based Personal Identification System

A wide variety of real world systems require reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual requesting their services. Biometric recognition scheme refers to the automatic recognition/identification of individuals based on their physiological and/or behavioral characteristics. We have proposed a Vein Based Personal Identification System (VBPIS), which overcomes the deficiencies usually found in commercially available biometric systems and provides incomparable security, usability, reliability, accuracy, and as well as user convenience. The proposed system uses Pattern Recognition, Image processing technique for extracting and manipulating the vein patterns, Encryption Technique to provide security to Vein pattern template and Data Compressing Technique in order to save memory space to store compressed vein pattern images. Reliability of this system is that it is quite difficult to cheat our finger vein system, which makes it more difficult to duplicate because our vein patterns are unique for each individual and permanent. It is relevance to security and can be used in computer systems, laptops, cellular phones, ATM, Man and machine diagnostics, person identification and industrial inspection.
Two-Band Radial Postfiltering in Cepstral Domain with Application to Speech Synthesis

Postfiltering is a well known technique that helps increasing the quality of coded speech, enhancing speech intelligibility or alleviating the oversmoothing effect of statistical speech processing methods. This letter presents a new formulation of the radial cepstral postfiltering method that enables the application of different postfiltering factors to low and high frequencies. The transition between bands will be smooth and controllable through an adjustable cut-off frequency. The proposed algorithm can be implemented by means of a simple multiplicative matrix of which an analytical expression is derived. The new method provides a flexible framework to tackle issues related to the quality and intelligibility of synthetic speech.
Biomimetic self-assembly of helical electrical circuits using orthogonal capillary interactions

This letter describes the biomimetic self-assembly of mm-sized polyhedra into helical aggregates. The system used two orthogonal, capillary interactions that acted in parallel. The design of the self-assembly process, and of the resulting structures, was modeled on the formation and structure of tobacco mosaic virus. The self-assembled, helical aggregates carried one, two, or four isolated, electrical circuits.
How Do Firms Adjust their Wage Bill in Belgium? A Decomposition Along the Intensive and Extensive Margins

This paper decomposes wage bill changes at the firm level into components due to wage changes, and components due to net flows of employment. The analysis relies on an administrative employer-employee dataset of individual annual earnings matched with firms' annual accounts for Belgium over the period 1997-2001. Results point to asymmetric behaviour depending on economic conditions. On average, wage bill contractions result essentially from employment cuts in spite of wage increases. Wage growth of job stayers is moderated but still positive; and wages of entrants compared with those of incumbents are no lower. The labour force cuts are achieved through both reduced entries and increased exits. Higher exits may be due to more layoffs, especially in smaller firms, and wider use of early retirement, especially in manufacturing. In addition, the paper points up the role of overtime hours, temporary unemployment and interim workers in adapting to short-run fluctuations.
Error concealment based on MMSE estimation for multimedia wireless and IP applications

This paper presents a framework for the error concealment of multimedia signals transmitted over wireless and IP networks. This framework is based on two elements. First, the replacements for the erroneous channel outputs are obtained from a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation which takes into account both the source and all the available information from the transmission channel. Then, hidden Markov models (HMMs) provide the required stochastic modeling which allows the estimation. This modeling makes it possible a natural integration of the two types of information (source and available data from the channel). This framework is developed for both, wireless channels with errors at the bit level and packet channels degraded by packet loss. In the first case, a very high performance can be obtained even without the need of soft decision or any type of channel SNR estimation. In the second case, the lack of channel outputs during packet losses must be compensated either by enhancing the source model (increasing the model order) or by introducing media-specific FEC codes which may substitute the missing packets. This second option has yielded higher performance than the first one.
Fairness aware resource allocation for downlink MISO-OFDMA systems

In this paper, a resource allocation problem for downlink multiple input-single output orthogonal frequency division multiple access (MISO-OFDMA) systems is investigated. The problem is defined as maximizing the minimum user rate with the constraints of total power and bit error rate (BER). Since it is difficult to obtain the optimal solution to this problem, a suboptimal but efficient solution is proposed based on zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF) to reduce computational complexity. The proposed algorithm is a fairness aware radio resource allocation algorithm that shares the resources equally among the users who has different distances from the Base Station (BS). The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm satisfies the fairness criterion having higher data rates compared to the existing algorithms.
Remote I / O : Freeing the Experience from the Platform with UPnP * Architecture 30 Remote I / O : Freeing the Experience from the Platform with UPnP * Architecture

Increasing adoption rates of home networking solutions raises the possibility of using the Personal Computer (PC) to remotely extend its power and capabilities into all areas of the home. A new specification to be developed under the auspices of the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Forum will allow home applications to be controlled and experienced with remote, network-connected devices. When adopted, this standard will enable the development of whole new classes of software applications that power new user experiences within the digital home. In this paper, we present two usage scenarios that illustrate new capabilities that would be enabled with this proposed standard. We discuss the foundational architecture of UPnP technology for home networking solutions and highlight its efficacy as a basis for constructing new, remote Input/Output (I/O) software services standards. Finally, we describe the technical challenges of the proposed standard and contrast this standard with existing and comparatively incomplete schemes for remote desktop and similar functionality.
The Classification of Volumetric Display Systems: Characteristics and Predictability of the Image Space

A diverse range of volumetric display systems has been proposed during the last 90 years. In order to facilitate a comparison between the various approaches, the three subsystems that comprise displays of this type are identified and are used as a basis for a classification scheme. The general characteristics of a number of volumetric display system configurations are examined, with emphasis given to issues relating to the predictability of the volume within which images are depicted. Key characteristics of this image space are identified and the complex manner in which they depend upon the display unit subsystems are illustrated for several current volumetric display techniques.
Influence of Sustainable Development by Tourists’ Place Emotion: Analysis of the Multiply Mediating Effect of Attitude

Place emotion is an important factor in studying the behavioral intention of tourists. Based on the planning behavior theory and goal-oriented behavior model, this article combines the actual situation of rural tourist, expands the behavioral theory, and constructs the tourist behavior of place emotion. This paper takes the World Cultural Heritage Sites Xidi and Hongcun as research cases and uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) research methods. The results indicate that the constructed behavior intention of tourists traveling in rural areas gives a good explanation and goodness of fit. The influence of place emotion on behavioral intention is stronger than attitude, subjective norm, and perceptual behavior control. Through multiple mediation analysis, attitudes have partial mediating effects on place emotions, perceptual behavior control, and subjective norms, and the place emotion has the most significant among the indirect effects, followed by subjective norms and perceptual behavior control. The results provide reliable advice for the sustainable development of rural tourism.
Two Way Communicator between Deaf and Dumb People and Normal People

One of the most precious gift of nature to human beings is the ability to express himself by responding to the events occurring in his surroundings.Every normal human being sees, listens and then reacts to the situations by speaking himself out. But there are some unfortunate ones who are deprived of this valuable gift. This creates a gap between the normal human beings and the deprived ones. This application will help for both of them to communicate with each other. The system is mainly consists of two modules, first module is drawing out Indian Sign Language(ISL) gestures from real-time video and mapping it with human-understandable speech. Accordingly, second module will take natural language as input and map it with equivalent Indian Sign Language animated gestures. Processing from video to speech will include frame formation from videos, finding region of interest (ROI) and mapping of images with language knowledge base using Correlation based approach then relevant audio generation using Google Text-to-Speech(TTS) API. The other way round, natural language is mapped with equivalent Indian Sign Language gestures by conversion of speech to text using Google Speech-to-Text(STT) API, further mapping the text to relevant animated gestures from the database.
Internet Use and Political Participation: Reflections on the Mobilization/Normalization Controversy

Web-based and theoretical studies often claim that Internet use can mobilize political participation, while survey-based studies generally conclude that Internet use will normalize political participation. This article aims to offer some reflections on the discrepancies between these mobilization and normalization theses. The authors argue that mobilization claims tend to focus on manifestations online in specific cases, whereas normalization theses are normally built on assessments of general Internet use patterns. Consequently, more specific surveys must be employed to evaluate the nature of political Internet use. Based on such a specific survey (n= 819), the authors investigate the use of two online vote advice applications (VAAs) during the 2006 Dutch parliamentary elections. VAAs are increasingly popular in democracies worldwide, especially among a group that is often considered “apathetic” about electoral politics: youth. With structural equation modeling, however, the authors find that the use of the Dutch VAAs fits the mobilization thesis among youth and the normalization thesis among older people.
Galaxy Zoo: multimergers and the Millennium Simulation

We present a catalogue of 39 multiple mergers, found using the mergers catalogue of the Galaxy Zoo project for z < 0.1, and compare them to corresponding semi-analytical galaxies from the Millennium Simulation. We estimate the (volume-limited) multimerger fraction of the local Universe using our sample and find it to be at least 2 orders of magnitude less than binary mergers – in good agreement with the simulations (especially the Munich group). We then investigate the properties of galaxies in binary mergers and multimergers (morphologies, colours, stellar masses and environment) and compare these results with those predicted by the semi-analytical galaxies. We find that multimergers favour galaxies with properties typical of elliptical morphologies and that this is in qualitative agreement with the models. Studies of multimergers thus provide an independent (and largely corroborating) test of the Millennium semi-analytical models.
Negative Relevance Feedback for Exploratory Search with Visual Interactive Intent Modeling

In difficult information seeking tasks, the majority of top-ranked documents for an initial query may be non-relevant, and negative relevance feedback may then help find relevant documents. Traditional negative relevance feedback has been studied on document results; we introduce a system and interface for negative feedback in a novel exploratory search setting, where continuous-valued feedback is directly given to keyword features of an inferred probabilistic user intent model. The introduced system allows both positive and negative feedback directly on an interactive visual interface, by letting the user manipulate keywords on an optimized visualization of modeled user intent. Feedback on the interactive intent model lets the user direct the search: Relevance of keywords is estimated from feedback by Bayesian inference, influence of feedback is increased by a novel propagation step, documents are retrieved by likelihoods of relevant versus non-relevant intents, and the most relevant keywords (having the highest upper confidence bounds of relevance) and the most non-relevant ones (having the smallest lower confidence bounds of relevance) are shown as options for further feedback. We carry out task-based information seeking experiments with real users on difficult real tasks; we compare the system to the nearest state of the art baseline allowing positive feedback only, and show negative feedback significantly improves the quality of retrieved information and user satisfaction for difficult tasks.
Three essays about monetary policy in China

The thesis focuses on three aspects of China’s monetary policy since the 1980s. Chapter 1 examines the monetary policy actions of the central bank in China. A new policy stance index incorporating a range of different monetary policy instruments is developed and examined. The empirical results suggest that the PBC is informally targeting inflation although no explicit target has been announced. Chapter 2 focuses on China’s monetary conditions and aggregate demand in terms of the monetary conditions index (MCI). Different transmission channels are considered through which monetary conditions might influence aggregate demand. The empirical tests show that the MCIs contain useful information about future output growth and inflation in China over the short and medium term. Chapter 3 examines the fiscal challenges to the monetary authority’s control over the price level in China. The empirical result suggests a fiscal dominance regime. When a pegged exchange rate regime is considered, it is argued that in the presence of large capital inflows and strong central bank interventions, the monetary authority can generate seigniorage without worrying about the foreign exchange reserves to decrease.
Smart staff design to assist walking of elders

This paper proposes a smart staff that can vary its length according to height or physical condition of elder, or slope of the ground. In order to find the optimal length of staff, the supporting force is employed as the measure. Initial experiment conducts measurement of the supporting force by using a force sensor embedded at the distal end of the staff. It is found that people with different height have different optimal length of staff. Using the optimal staff, the second part treats the stable walking of staff-assisted elders. It is found that the staff-assisted walking is characterized by five steps. The concept of center of gravity (COG) is used as the measure of the stable walking and a compact wearable sensor system is employed to measure COG of the four steps. Finally, the adjustable staff and COG-based analysis are applied to stable walking in the slope. To measure the slope of the ground, a flexible sensor was installed at the distal end of the staff. Through experiment, the feasibility of the adjustable staff was verified.