Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtualized Approach Towards Achieving Seamless Mobility

The advent of the genre of personal computing and its gradual evolution into the ‘state of the art’ pervasive and ubiquitous computing era has resulted in the general user having access to a multitude of computing devices (PCs, Laptops, PDAs and cell phones). And with the increase in computing and storage capabilities of small hand-held devices, people have started using them for internet and multimedia related services. Add to that the increasing mobility of users and the difference in resource availability of different devices; and there is a need to provide mechanisms for service migration from one machine to another. However the heterogeneity and varying capability of I/O components (in different devices), makes seamless service mobility very difficult to achieve. There is a need for service customization in accordance with the changing environment. This could happen at the application layer or (in case the application does not support) it could happen inside operating system. In this paper we present an integrated approach towards achieving seamless mobility, using service state virtualization at the application layer and device state virtualization and capability adaptation inside operating system. We use Xen VMM for device interface virtualization and have devised a mechanism for inducing situation dependent capability adaptors into the IO data path
Power of multipoint identity‐by‐descent methods to detect linkage using variance component models

Multipoint linkage analysis gives increased power over single‐point analysis to detect linkage for quantitative trait loci (QTL). Besides increased power, the use of multipoint methods makes it possible to estimate not only the location but also the magnitude of the QTL. Currently, two methods are commonly used for calculating multipoint identity‐by‐descent (IBD) allele‐sharing estimates for pedigrees of moderate sizes. The method of Fulker et al. is based on multiple regression of the IBD status at the observed marker loci, whereas the hidden Markov model approach of Kruglyak and Lander estimates the true inheritance distribution at each chromosomal location. Simulation studies of full sibs and nuclear pedigrees show that the two methods for estimating multipoint IBD scores may give very different estimates for a pair of relatives and that a small increase in power to detect linkage can be obtained by using the hidden Markov model compared with the regression method. Genet. Epidemiol. 21:285–298, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aberrant expression of TTF‐1 and forkhead factor HFH‐4 in atrophic gastritis and ciliated metaplasia suggests gastric broncho‐pulmonary transdetermination

Ciliated metaplasia (CM) in the stomach is mainly found in gastric mucosa that harbours gastric cancer. The true nature of this lesion and the regulatory factors responsible for the formation of CM are unknown. Broncho‐pulmonary differentiation is controlled by the homeodomain transcription factor TTF‐1 and ciliogenesis by the forkhead transcription factor HFH‐4, respectively. Using immunohistochemistry, the present study shows that gastric CM is associated with the expression of TTF‐1 and HFH‐4. Furthermore, TTF‐1 expression was found in non‐ciliated cells in 50% of cases with atrophic gastritis, whereas TTF‐1 and HFH‐4 were not expressed in normal gastric mucosa or in non‐atrophic gastritis. These data suggest that CM in the gastric mucosa can be regarded as gastric broncho‐pulmonary transdetermination. Evidence for this particular transdetermination is frequently found in atrophic gastritis even without fully developed ciliated cells. Copyright © 2005 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Race and religion: differential prediction of anxiety symptoms by religious coping in African American and European American young adults

Background: Psychosocial factors, including religious coping, consistently have been implicated in the expression of anxiety disorders. This study sought to investigate the relationship between religious coping on anxiety symptoms among a nonclinical sample of African American and European American young adults. Methods: One hundred twenty‐one European American and 100 African American young adults completed measures of anxiety and religious coping. Results: As predicted, results differed according to race. African Americans reported significantly more positive religious coping, less negative religious coping, and experienced fewer anxiety symptoms than European Americans. European Americans demonstrated a significant, positive relationship between negative religious coping and anxiety symptoms, and an opposite trend related to anxiety and positive religious coping. However, no such relationships emerged among the African American sample. Conclusions: Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bothrops
 protease A, a unique highly glycosylated serine proteinase, is a potent, specific fibrinogenolytic agent

Summary. Background: The hemostatic system is the major target of snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs) that act on substrates of the coagulation, fibrinolytic and kallikrein–kinin systems. Bothrops protease A (BPA), the most glycosylated SVSP, is a non‐coagulant, thermostable enzyme. A cDNA encoding BPA showed that the protein has a calculated molecular mass of 25 409 Da, implying that ∼ 62% of its molecular mass as assessed by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (67 kDa) is due to carbohydrate moieties. Results: Here we show that BPA is a potent fibrinogenolytic agent in vitro, as it readily degraded human and rat fibrinogen at a very low enzyme concentration. Partially N‐deglycosylated BPA (p‐N‐d‐BPA) generated similar fibrinogen products, but with enhanced fibrinogenolytic activity. In vivo, injection of 0.75 nmoles of BPA in rats completely avoided thrombus formation induced by stasis in the vena cava, or by endothelium injury in the jugular vein. Moreover, it decreased the fibrinogen plasma level and prolonged the recalcification time. Cleavage of fibrinogen in human and rat plasma was observed with native BPA and p‐N‐d‐BPA by electrophoresis followed by western blot using an anti‐fibrinogen antibody. BPA did not cause unspecific degradation of plasma proteins and did not cleave isolated albumin, vitronectin and fibronectin at the same concentration used with fibrinogen. Serine proteinase inhibitors failed to inhibit BPA, probably due to steric hindrance caused by its huge carbohydrate moieties. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this investigation underscores a new, thermostable, specific defibrinogenating agent that may have an application in the prevention of thrombus formation.
Robust camera pose estimation combining 2D/3D points and lines tracking

This paper presents a new robust camera pose estimation algorithm based on real-time 3D model tracking. We propose to combine point and line features in order to handle partial occlusion and increase the accuracy. A non linear optimization method is used to estimate the camera pose parameters. Robustness is obtained by integrating a M-estimator into the optimisation process. Furthermore, a crucial condition for pose estimation problem is the consistency of 2D/3D correspondences between image and model features. We propose here to implement a natural point and line robust trackers in order to find corresponding features in the sequence images. Our method has been evaluated on several video sequences. The results show the robustness and the efficiency of our algorithm compared to other tracking approaches.
Multigenic Control and Sex Bias in Host Susceptibility to Spore-Induced Pulmonary Anthrax in Mice

ABSTRACT Mechanisms underlying susceptibility to anthrax infection are unknown. Using a phylogenetically diverse panel of inbred mice and spores of Bacillus anthracis Ames, we investigated host susceptibility to pulmonary anthrax. Susceptibility profiles for survival time and organ pathogen load differed across strains, indicating distinct genetic controls. Tissue infection kinetics analysis showed greater systemic dissemination in susceptible DBA/2J (D) mice but a higher terminal bacterial load in resistant BALB/cJ (C) mice. Interestingly, the most resistant strains, C and C57BL/6J (B), demonstrated a sex bias for susceptibility. For example, BALB/cJ females had a significantly higher survival time and required 4-fold more spores for 100% mortality compared to BALB/cJ males. To identify genetic regions associated with differential susceptibility, survival time and extent of organ infection were assessed using mice derived from two susceptibility models: (i) BXD advanced recombinant inbred strains and (ii) F2 offspring generated from polar responding C and D strains. Genome-wide analysis of BXD strain survival identified linkage on chromosomes 5, 6, 9, 11, and 14. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of the C×DF2 population revealed a significant QTL (designated Rpai1 for resistance to pulmonary anthrax infection, locus 1) for survival time on chromosome 17 and also identified a chromosome 11 locus for lung pathogen burden. The striking difference between genome-wide linkage profiles for these two mouse models of anthrax susceptibility supports our hypothesis that these are multigenic traits. Our data provide the first evidence for a differential sex response to anthrax resistance and further highlight the unlikelihood of a single common genetic contribution for this response across strains.
Enabling agile video transcoding over SDN/NFV-enabled networks

Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) provide an appealing 5G vision of how content distribution networks can be enhanced with in-service transcoding and adaptation processes. This paper describes a proof-of-concept experimental implementation of SDN/NFV-enabled network domain towards providing an agile video transcoding process for maintaining the QoE level of a media service when network congestion occurs. The paper shows how SDN/NFV techniques are facilitating the dynamic deployment of a transcoder VNF upon a triggering event of a congested bottleneck at the access link of the end-user. Video quality measurements demonstrate the efficiency of the VNF deployment and the seamless applicability of the transcoding process without experiencing any service interruption.
Effects of Training with Eccentric Muscle Contractions on Exercise Performance, Energy Expenditure, and Body Temperature*

To study the effects of exercise training with eccentric muscle contractions on body temperatures, energy cost, and performance capacity, six human subjects were tested before and after a 5-week training program of eccentric exercise. Exercise was performed as leg cycling on a motor-driven ergometer at power levels ranging 252-316 W. Training consisted of three sessions/week for 1 h/session. As a result of the training, VO2, fH, and mean skin temperature were lowered for each subject at the same absolute exercise intensities. Ability to continue exercise as indicated by endurance time improved with training. Before training, four subjects terminated exercise after 30 min because of localized leg exhaustion and one subject could not continue longer than 45 min. After training, all six subjects completed 45 min of the exercise test without difficulty. Esophageal and muscle temperatures evidenced no changes as a result of training. It was concluded that the inability of subjects to perform eccentric exercise in the untrained state was not related to muscle temperature.
Priority-Based Task Scheduling in the Cloud Systems Using a Memetic Algorithm

Task scheduling is one of the major issues to achieve high performance in distributed systems such as Grid, Peer-to-Peer and cloud environment. Generally, there are two phases in heuristics-based task scheduling algorithms in heterogeneous distributed computing systems (HeDCSs). These phases are task prioritization and processor assigning respectively. Heuristic-based task scheduling algorithms may use different policies to assign priority to subtasks which produce different makespans in a heterogeneous computing system. Thus, a suitable scheduling algorithm is one that can efficiently assign a priority to tasks in order to minimize makespan. Recently, memetic algorithms (MAs) have been used as evolutionary or population-based global search approaches with local search heuristic to optimize NP-complete problems. Recent studies on MAs have discovered their success on a wide variety of real-world problems. Since the task scheduling problem is an NP-complete, in this paper, a new task scheduling algorithm on cloud environment using multiple priority queues and a memetic algorithm (MPQMA) is proposed. The proposed method uses a genetic algorithm (GA) along with hill climbing to assign a priority to each subtask while using a heuristic-based earliest finish time (EFT) approach to search for a solution for the task-to-processor mapping. The basic idea of our approach is using the advantage of MA to increase the convergence speed of the solutions. We implemented the algorithm on Azure Cloud Service by C# language where the experimental results for the set of randomly generated graphs revealed that the proposed MPQMA algorithm outperformed the existing three task scheduling algorithms in terms of makespan with fast convergence to the optimized solution.
Parallel 3-D pseudospectral simulation of seismic wave propagation

Three-dimensional pseudospectral modeling for a realistic scale problem is still computationally very intensive, even when using current powerful computers. To overcome this, we have developed a parallel pseudospectral code for calculating the 3-D wavefield by concurrent use of a number of processors. The parallel algorithm is based on a partition of the computational domain, where the field quantities are distributed over a number of processors and the calculation is concurrently done in each subdomain with interprocessor communications. Experimental performance tests using three different styles of parallel computers achieved a fairly good speed up compared with conventional computation on a single processor: maximum speed-up rate of 26 using 32 processors of a Thinking Machine CM-5 parallel computer, 1.6 using a Digital Equipment DEC-Alpha two-CPU workstation, and 4.6 using a cluster of eight Sun Microsystems SPARC-Station 10 (SPARC-10) workstations connected by an Ethernet. The result of this test agrees well with the performance theoretically predicted for each system. To demonstrate the feasibility of our parallel algorithm, we show three examples: 3-D acoustic and elastic modeling of fault-zone trapped waves and the calculation of elastic wave propagation in a 3-D syncline model.
Increasing activity and improving nutrition through a schools-based programme: Project Energize. 1. Design, programme, randomisation and evaluation methodology

Abstract Project Energize is a through-school nutrition and activity programme that is being evaluated in a 2-year, cluster-randomised, longitudinal study. The present paper describes the background of the programme and study, the programme development and delivery, the study methodology including randomisation, measurement and analysis tools and techniques, and the mix of the study population. The programme is being delivered to sixty-two primary schools with sixty-two control schools, each limb containing about 11 000 students. The children in the evaluation cohort are 5 or 10 years old at enrolment; the randomisation protocol has achieved post-consent enrolment of 3000 evaluation participants, who are comparable by age, sex and school decile. End-point measures include body composition and associated physical characteristics, fitness, home and school environment and practice.
Face replacement with large-pose differences

In this paper, we present a novel face replacement system exchanging faces with large-pose differences. Traditional 2D image based face replacement can only replace faces with similar pose and appearance. This significantly limits the application of face replacement. In this paper, we propose to build a 3D head model from a single frontal face photo. The automatically constructed 3D head can be rendered under arbitrary poses and illuminations. This makes it possible to do swapping for faces with large pose variations. In the demo, the user captures a frontal face image using a capture device such as a webcam or a smartphone, and then the algorithm can automatically build the 3D model using feature detection, face alignment and reconstruction. This 3D model is used to swap to any other target face photo the user selects. While our system is automatic, we also provide interactive tools for the user to adjust the feature detection to enhance the results.
On Keisler singular‐like models

Keisler in [7] proved that for a strong limit cardinal κ and a singular cardinal λ, the transfer relation κ → λ holds. We analyze the λ ‐like models produced in the proof of Keisler's transfer theorem when κ is further assumed to be regular. Our main result shows that with this extra assumption, Keisler's proof can be modified to produce a λ ‐like model M with built‐in Skolem functions that satisfies the following two properties:
Perceived Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening: A Comparison of African American and Caucasian Women

v Chapter One: Introduction 1 Problem Statement 3 Research Questions 3 Definition of Terms 4 Barriers 4 Significance to Nursing 4 Chapter Two: Review of Literature 7 Conceptual Model 7 Health Belief Model 8 Review of Empirical Research 10 Perceived Barriers 18 Summary 22 Chapter Three: Methods Sample and Setting 24 Instruments 25 Health Belief Model: Barrier Questionnaire 25 Validity and Reliability 25 Demographic Data Form 26 Procedures 26 Approval 26 Data Collection 26 Data Analysis 27 Research Question 1 27 Research Question 2 27 Chapter Four: Results, Discussion and Conclusions 28 Sample 28 Ranking Barriers 30 Discussion 33 Sample 35 Screening Behaviors 36 Ranking Behaviors 37 Barrier Items 38
Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of ants

Ants are the world's most diverse and ecologically dominant eusocial organisms. Resolving the phylogeny and timescale for major ant lineages is vital to understanding how they achieved this success. Morphological, molecular, and paleontological studies, however, have presented conflicting views on early ant evolution. To address these issues, we generated the largest ant molecular phylogenetic data set published to date, containing ≈6 kb of DNA sequence from 162 species representing all 20 ant subfamilies and 10 aculeate outgroup families. When these data were analyzed with and without outgroups, which are all distantly related to ants and hence long-branched, we obtained conflicting ingroup topologies for some early ant lineages. This result casts strong doubt on the existence of a poneroid clade as currently defined. We compare alternate attachments of the outgroups to the ingroup tree by using likelihood tests, and find that several alternative rootings cannot be rejected by the data. These alternatives imply fundamentally different scenarios for the early evolution of ant morphology and behavior. Our data strongly support several notable relationships within the more derived formicoid ants, including placement of the enigmatic subfamily Aenictogitoninae as sister to Dorylus army ants. We use the molecular data to estimate divergence times, employing a strategy distinct from previous work by incorporating the extensive fossil record of other aculeate Hymenoptera as well as that of ants. Our age estimates for the most recent common ancestor of extant ants range from ≈115 to 135 million years ago, indicating that a Jurassic origin is highly unlikely.
The CR 4 region of EBNA 2 confers viability of Epstein – Barr virus-transformed B cells by CBF 1-independent signalling

Received 6 April 2006 Accepted 4 July 2006 The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) gene product is the key regulator of the latent genes of EBV and essential for EBV-mediated transformation of human primary B cells. Viral mutants were constructed carrying a deletion of the EBNA2 conserved region 4 (CR4). Primary resting B cells infected with the DCR4-EBNA2 mutant virus were dramatically impaired for B cell transformation. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) established with this mutant EBV revealed a prolonged population doubling time when cells were cultivated at low cell densities, which are not critical for wild-type-infected cells. Low-level spontaneous cell death occurred when the cells were cultivated at suboptimal cell densities. The phenotype of B cells and LCLs infected with the DCR4-EBNA2 mutant virus indicated that the CR4 region of EBNA2 specifically contributes to the viability of the cells rather than affecting cell division rates.
Evaluation of Skin and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Thickness for Optimal Insulin Injection

Patient’s skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses are the primary criteria that determine the optimal insulin needle length in subcutaneous insulin treatment. The present study aims to measure skin thickness and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness in patients with diabetes mellitus and to investigate the association of these measurements with waist circumference and body mass index. The study included 449 subjects (152 patients with DM and 297 healthy controls, mean age: 44.58 ± 14.25 year) aged 18 years or older. The primary endpoint was the time of comparison of skin thicknesses and subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses between patients with diabetes mellitus and healthy subjects and the secondary endpoint was the time of assessment of the relationship between skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses and body mass index and waist circumference. Skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses were measured by ultrasonography. Overall, average skin thickness values were 1.95 mm (1.05-3.92) for triceps, 2.35 mm (1.07-3.82) for anterior abdomen and 1.97 mm (1.12-3.12) for anterior thigh, while subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses were 6.42 mm (1.01-33.5) for triceps, 15.73 mm (1.04-39.3) for anterior abdomen and 7.92 mm (1.48-31.6) for anterior thigh. Triceps and anterior thigh skin thickness values were higher in the diabetes mellitus group compared to healthy controls (p<0.01 for both) while subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses were similar between the two groups. There was a positive correlation between body mass index and waist circumference and between skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses (p<0.01 for both). The largest skin thickness measured in the present study was 3.92 mm, which supports the previous reports that short needle tips could be used safely in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Representation of Multiple-Valued Bent Functions Using Vilenkin-Chrestenson Decision Diagrams

Bent functions are a class of discrete functions which exhibit the highest degree of nonlinearity. As such bent functions form an essential part of cryptographic systems. Original concept of bent functions defined in GF(2) can be extended to multiple-valued case. Multiple-valued bent functions are defined in therms of properties of their Vilenkin-Chrestenson spectra. Decision diagrams are a method of compact representation of discrete functions. Special types of decision diagrams have been introduced for various types of discrete functions. In this paper we demonstrate how Vilenkin-Chrestenson decision diagrams can be used for efficient representation of multiple-valued bent functions.