Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MODIFICATION OF THE RADIOSURGERY‐BASED ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATION GRADING SYSTEM

OBJECTIVEThe radiosurgery-based arteriovenous malformation (AVM) grading scale was developed to predict patient outcomes after radiosurgery. The purpose of this study was to determine whether simplifying this grading system using location as a two-tiered variable detracted from the accuracy of the scale. METHODSRegression analysis modeling on 220 patients who underwent AVM radiosurgery between 1987 and 1992 at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center using location as a two-tiered variable resulted in the following equation: AVM score = (0.1) (volume, mL) + (0.02) (age, yr) + (0.5) (location, hemispheric/corpus callosum/cerebellar = 0; basal ganglia/thalamus/brainstem = 1). Testing of the modified grading system was performed on 247 patients who underwent AVM radiosurgery between 1990 and 2001 at the Mayo Clinic. The mean modified AVM score was 1.62. The mean duration of patient follow-up was 70 months. RESULTSThere was no difference between the original and modified radiosurgery-based AVM scale with regard to AVM obliteration without new neurological deficits (F = 0.92, P = 0.53) or decline in Modified Rankin Scale (F = 0.83, P = 0.56) after radiosurgery. The modified radiosurgery-based AVM scale correlated with the percentage of patients with AVM obliteration without new deficits (≤1.00, 89%; 1.01–1.50, 70%; 1.51–2.00, 64%; ≥2.00, 46%) (r = −0.98, P < 0.01) and a decline in Modified Rankin Scale (≤1.00, 0%; 1.01–1.50, 13%; 1.51–2.00, 20%; >2.00, 36%) (r = 0.99, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONSimplifying the radiosurgery-based AVM grading system using location as a two-tiered variable did not detract from the accuracy of the scale. This system has been validated by numerous centers performing both gamma knife- and linear accelerator-based procedures and should be used in future studies on AVM radiosurgery to stratify patients for more accurate comparative analyses.
EXPRESSION OF CYTOCHROME P450 AND OTHER BIOTRANSFORMATION GENES IN FETAL AND ADULT HUMAN NASAL MUCOSA

Despite recent progress in the identification and characterization of numerous nasal biotransformation enzymes in laboratory animals, the expression of biotransformation genes in human nasal mucosa remains difficult to study. Given the potential role of nasal biotransformation enzymes in the metabolism of airborne chemicals, including fragrance compounds and therapeutic agents, as well as the potential interspecies differences between laboratory animals and humans, it would be highly desirable to identify those biotransformation genes that are expressed in human nasal mucosa. In this study, a global gene expression analysis was performed to compare biotransformation enzymes expressed in human fetal and adult nasal mucosa to those expressed in liver. The identities of a list of biotransformation genes with apparently nasal mucosa-selective expression were subsequently confirmed by RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Further quantitative RNA-PCR experiments indicated that, in the fetus, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 (ALDH6), CYP1B1, CYP2F1, CYP4B1, and UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 are expressed preferentially in the nasal mucosa and that ALDH7, flavin-containing monooxygenase 1, and glutathione S-transferase P1 are at least as abundant in the nasal mucosa as in the liver. The nasal mucosal expression of CYP2E1 was also detected. These findings provide a basis for further explorations of the metabolic capacity of the human nasal mucosa for xenobiotic compounds.
Genetic typing of human platelet antigen 1 (HPA‐1) by oligonucleotide ligation assay in a specific and reliable semi‐automated system

Genotyping of platelet alloantigens with the possibility of using any type of cellular material as a source of DNA has become a preferred procedure, particularly in thrombocytopenic patients when platelet counts are too low for phenotyping. Recently human platelet antigen 1 (HPA‐1) has been identified as an inherited risk factor for coronary thrombosis. The different detection methods currently used have disadvantages for large‐scale DNA diagnosis, including the need for electrophoresis (allele‐specific restriction enzyme analysis, amplification with sequence‐specific primers) or the potential risk of reduced specificity (allele‐specific oligonucleotide hybridization). In this report we describe the adaptation of an automated oligonucleotide ligation assay to genotype HPA‐1 in polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐amplified DNA samples. HPA‐1a and HPA‐1b phenotypes corresponded to the results of the different genotyping assays. The genotypes determined with the ELISA‐based PCR‐oligonucleotide ligation assay were in 100% concordance with the results obtained by conventional allele‐specific restriction enzyme site analysis and PCR amplification with sequence‐specific primers. The automated oligonucleotide ligation assay provides a rapid, reliable, nonisotopic method to genotype human platelet antigens that can rapidly be applied to large population screening.
Understanding control in microchannels to manipulate drop-drop interactions

Recently we proposed a simple, computationally inexpensive multi-agent simulation strategy to understand drop movement in a microchannel with Hele-Shaw flow geometry (2D). This has helped us understand the collective behavior of the drops in these systems. However, transitioning these systems to practice would require that strategies are developed to combat the inherent fluctuations that are a part of any physical system. In the present work we utilize the simulation strategy for understanding the impact of design choices in minimizing the effect of uncertainties, and the sensitivity of the device behavior to operational variables that can potentially be used as controlled variables. We study a control metric, time of contact, which is defined as the time spent by a drop in the microchannel when its distance from its neighboring drops is less than some critical value. By simplifying the model further we are able to analyze the contact time dynamics as a function of geometric parameters and operating conditions analytically. We also carry out the complete numerical simulation of our models to understand active control of drop clusters.
Investor Sentiment and Stock Returns: Evidence from Turkey

This paper investigates the relation between investor sentiment and stock returns on the Istanbul Stock Exchange, employing vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis and Granger causality tests. The sample period extends from July 1997 to June 2005. In the VAR models, stock portfolio returns and investor sentiment proxies are used as endogenous variables. Two dummy variables accounting for natural and economic crises are used as exogenous variables. The analysis results suggest that, excepting shares of equity issues in aggregate issues, stock portfolio returns seem to affect all investor sentiment proxies, namely closed-end fund discount, mutual fund flows, odd-lot sales-to-purchases ratio, and repo holdings of mutual funds. Investor sentiment does not appear to forecast future stock returns; only the turnover ratio of the stock market seems to have forecasting potential.
A 6.4-Gb/s Near-Ground Single-Ended Transceiver for Dual-Rank DIMM Memory Interface Systems

This paper describes an asymmetric 6.4-Gb/s memory interface for a wide range of DIMM configurations for desktop and server applications. The link uses a fly-by quadrature forwarded clock to enable fast startup and power-mode transitions on the DRAM and per-bit timing adjustment on the controller to enable the high-speed signaling. Single-ended low-swing near-ground signaling (NGS) is introduced in order to minimize signaling power. Transmitter and receiver equalization are used on the controller, but not the DRAM, in order to save DRAM complexity and power. Architectural and circuit techniques are presented to address the complex signaling and timing environment encountered in the explored configurations. The implemented link achieves 6.4-Gb/s communication over a 3.5-in FR4 PCB trace with a dual-rank dual-in line memory module with better than 9.1-pJ/bit power efficiency for the entire chip.
The impact of infrastructure on productivity: new estimates for Québec

Since the works of Aschauer (1989a) and Munnell (1990), several authors have attempted to establish a relationship between public infrastructure spending and productivity or economic growth. In this paper, we use the dual approach to model the contribution of public spending in infrastructure in the province of Quebec, which is the same approach that was proposed by Harchaoui and Tarkhani (2003) and applied to the Canadian economy. We use Quebec economy data to measure the contribution of public capital to sectoral economic growth for the 1997-2002 period. Our results confirm a positive relationship between public capital and economic growth albeit of smaller magnitude than those estimated in Harchaoui and Tarkhani (2003).
Prediction of coronary artery disease severity in patients referred for coronary angiography

Background: Diagnostic coronary angiography is oftenfol‐lowed by coronary stenting. Therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is currently the standard treatment for patients undergoing coronary stenting. Clopidogrel loading is usually given prior to the procedure. Some pretreated patients, however, are found to have triple‐vessel disease (3 VD) or left main disease (LMD) that requires referral for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Surgery in patients pretreated with clopidogrel may be complicated by excessive bleeding or delayed to avoid that risk.
The Solvency of the Jordanian Current Account

This study measured the sustainability of the current account for the Jordanian economy during the period (1990-2017). Intertemporal Solvency Model has been used to know the ability of the government to pay its current obligations of future surpluses. The results of this study show that, in the long run, there is not enough solvency in the current account in Jordan. Thus, the economy of Jordan faces a significant challenge in the future. This challenge comes from the lack of adequate sources for funding the accumulated obligations. Accordingly, the study recommends that the government should adopt economic policies that help reduce the current account deficit by importing the capital goods necessary to support the production and export sectors. These policies will improve the sustainability of the current account.
Activin βA subunit is expressed in bovine oviduct

It is evident that members of several growth factor families are actively involved in embryogenesis from its earliest phases. Several reports also indicate the oviduct as a possible source of growth factors, suggesting an active role of this organ in mammalian embryonic development. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of activin/inhibin subunits in bovine oviduct since activin is a well‐characterised morphogen in amphibian development. The presence of transcripts for α. βA, and βB subunits was investigated by analysing oviduct epithelial cells mRNA with reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Moreover, antisera specific for the three subunits were used for the Western blot analysis of the proteins secreted by oviduct epithelial cells in vitro and for their immunohistochemical localisation in different oviductal regions. Oviduct epithelial cells expressed only the βA‐subunit gene. Immunoreactive material was present among in vitro secreted proteins, indicating that the transcript is translated into a polypeptide that has been localised in the epithelium of both the ampullary and isthmic tract of the organ. Consistent with these results, the antisera for the α and βB subunits did not recognise any specific antigen either among secreted proteins or in the sections. These results indicate that βA subunit gene is expressed in bovine oviduct epithelial cells, and the protein is secreted in vitro and can be found along the whole extension of the organ. In the absence of α or βB subunits, this suggests that activin A is present in bovine oviduct. Such a finding would be consistent with an embry‐otrophic activity of this organ, but definitive conclusions on the target tissue and the specific functions of oviductal activin require further studies. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Classification of Normal and Hypoxic Fetuses From Systems Modeling of Intrapartum Cardiotocography

Recording of maternal uterine pressure (UP) and fetal heart rate (FHR) during labor and delivery is a procedure referred to as cardiotocography. We modeled this signal pair as an input-output system using a system identification approach to estimate their dynamic relation in terms of an impulse response function. We also modeled FHR baseline with a linear fit and FHR variability unrelated to UP using the power spectral density, computed from an auto-regressive model. Using a perinatal database of normal and pathological cases, we trained suport-vector-machine classifiers with feature sets from these models. We used the classification in a detection process. We obtained the best results with a detector that combined the decisions of classifiers using both feature sets. It detected half of the pathological cases, with very few false positives (7.5%), 1 h and 40 min before delivery. This would leave sufficient time for an appropriate clinical response. These results clearly demonstrate the utility of our method for the early detection of cases needing clinical intervention.
Instalações Elétricas de Baixa Tensão

O dimensionamento das condutas devera ter em consideracao o numero de condutores isolados ou cabos que poderao ser colocados nessa mesma conduta, tendo por base as suas caracteristicas, o modo de instalacao das canalizacoes e o diâmetro util (interior) da propria conduta. Nas Regras Tecnicas de Instalacoes Electricas de Baixa Tensao, com excecao, das instalacoes coletivas e entradas, nao e definido um valor maximo de ocupacao da seccao reta interior das condutas pelos condutores isolados e cabos, sendo o unico requisito a garantir, que as condutas permitam o facil enfiamento e desenfiamento dos condutores isolados e cabos. No entanto, as mesmas regras recomendam uma ocupacao da conduta nao superior a um terco da sua seccao reta interna, de forma a garantir, nomeadamente, o facil enfiamento (e desenfiamento) dos condutores isolados e dos cabos.
Scope analysis: identifying the impact of changes in business process models

Organizations often change their business processes in reaction to changes in the environment or as a result of improvement efforts. These changes lead to adjustments in the Business Process Support (BPS) system. The impact of a change in a business process may extend beyond the specific point that has been changed, affecting preconditions required for other activities, outputs to be created, or requiring new inputs. This article introduces a concept of a scope of a change, whose identification facilitates focused efforts when adjusting the BPS system to changes in business processes. The article presents a taxonomy of modifications that can be made to a process model and characterizes different modification types in terms of possible scopes of the changes made. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of Factors Regulating Poly(A) Tail Synthesis and Maturation

ABSTRACT Posttranscriptional maturation of the 3′ end of eukaryotic pre-mRNAs occurs as a three-step pathway involving site-specific cleavage, polymerization of a poly(A) tail, and trimming of the newly synthesized tail to its mature length. While most of the factors essential for catalyzing these reactions have been identified, those that regulate them remain to be characterized. Previously, we demonstrated that the yeast protein Pbp1p associates with poly(A)-binding protein (Pab1p) and controls the extent of mRNA polyadenylation. To further elucidate the function of Pbp1p, we conducted a two-hybrid screen to identify factors with which it interacts. Five genes encoding putative Pbp1p-interacting proteins were identified, including (i) FIR1/PIP1 and UFD1/PIP3, genes encoding factors previously implicated in mRNA 3′-end processing; (ii) PBP1 itself, confirming directed two-hybrid results and suggesting that Pbp1p can multimerize; (iii) DIG1, encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated protein; and (iv) PBP4 (YDL053C), a previously uncharacterized gene. In vitro polyadenylation reactions utilizing extracts derived from fir1Δ and pbp1Δ cells and from cells lacking the Fir1p interactor, Ref2p, demonstrated that Pbp1p, Fir1p, and Ref2p are all required for the formation of a normal-length poly(A) tail on precleaved CYC1 pre-mRNA. Kinetic analyses of the respective polyadenylation reactions indicated that Pbp1p is a negative regulator of poly(A) nuclease (PAN) activity and that Fir1p and Ref2p are, respectively, a positive regulator and a negative regulator of poly(A) synthesis. We suggest a model in which these three factors and Ufd1p are part of a regulatory complex that exploits Pab1p to link cleavage and polyadenylation factors of CFIA and CFIB (cleavage factors IA and IB) to the polyadenylation factors of CPF (cleavage and polyadenylation factor).
Labor Market Rigidities and Ramifications of the Asian Financial Crisis: What Can We Learn from Hong Kong's Experience?

CHAK HUNG JACK CHENG: Labor Market Rigidities and Ramifications of the Asian Financial Crisis: What Can We Learn from Hong Kong’s Experience? (Under the direction of Michael K. Salemi.) The economic downfall experienced by Hong Kong during the Asian financial crisis is bewildering since Hong Kong did not undergo large currency devaluations as did other affected Asian economies. The purpose of this dissertation is to ascertain whether the large impact of the Asian crisis on the Hong Kong economy can be attributed to labor market frictions. In the first part of this dissertation, I develop and estimate a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with sticky wages based on the work by Cheng and Salemi (2010). The chief findings of this analysis are that nominal wages in Hong Kong are very sticky and the significant rise in unemployment after the crisis can be predominantly ascribed to wage setting frictions. However, wage rigidities are not responsible for the large decline in output. The rationale behind this result is that labor compensations account for a rather small share of total production costs in Hong Kong. Hence, changes in wage costs have only a limited effect on prices and output. In the second part of this work, I estimate a standard search-matching model. I find that a standard search model cannot explain the data as well as the sticky wage model. In particular, volatility of wages implied by the search model is much higher than that in the data. Finally, in the last portion of this work, I add wage stickiness to the standard search model to further determine the role of wage rigidity in explaining the Hong Kong data. I find that incorporating wage rigidity into the search model can improve the model’s ability to explain the volatility of nominal wages. Also, by conducting counterfactual experiments on the sticky wage search model, I confirm that wage rigidity significantly amplifed the impact of the Asian financial crisis on the Hong Kong economy.
REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE: A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS FOR AN ALASKA FISHERY

We compute the effects on the Alaska economy of reduced pollock harvests from rising sea surface temperature using a regional dynamic computable general equilibrium model coupled with a stochastic stock‐yield projection model for eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock. We show that the effects of decreased pollock harvest are offset to some extent by increased pollock price, and that fuel costs and the world demand for the fish, as well as the reduced supply of the fish from rising sea surface temperature, are also important factors that determine the economic and welfare effects.
New insight in the ochratoxin A biosynthetic pathway by deletion of an nrps 1 gene in Aspergillus carbonarius 2 3

New insight in the ochratoxin A biosynthetic pathway by deletion of an nrps 1 gene in Aspergillus carbonarius 2 3 Antonia Gallo, Kenneth S. Bruno, Michele Solfrizzo, Giancarlo Perrone, Giuseppina 4 Mulè, Angelo Visconti and Scott E. Baker 5 6 Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy. 7 8 Chemical and Biological Process Development Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 9 Richland, Washington, USA. 10 11 12 13 Running title: Role of an Aspergillus carbonarius NRPS in OTA biosynthesis 14 15 Section: Mycology 16 17 18 19
A Primer for Doing Talk-in-interaction Research in Augmentative  and Alternative Communication

Abstract The study of talk-in-interaction is focused on how people conduct social interactions in real world situations, in real-time. The purpose of this article is to provide a primer for understanding talk-in-interaction research, conversation analysis and microanalysis in the AAC field. An overview of talk-in-interaction research and a discussion of important issues in the field will be presented, followed by a tutorial on conducting microanalytic investigations in AAC.
Terrorist Attacks, Analyst Sentiment, and Earnings Forecasts

We examine whether exogenous and extremely negative events, such as terrorist attacks and mass shootings, influence the sentiment and forecasts of sell-side equity analysts. We find that analysts who are local to these attacks issue forecasts that are relatively more pessimistic than the consensus forecast. This effect is stronger when the analyst is closer to the event and located in a low-crime region. Impacted analysts are also relatively more pessimistic around the one- and two-year anniversaries of the attacks. Collectively, these findings indicate that exposure to extreme negative events affects the behavior of information intermediaries and the information dissemination process in financial markets. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
A Proposal of Evaluation Method for Balance of White Space in Calligraphy by Using Horizon View Camera

In this research, we paid attention to calligraphy education. In current calligraphy education in Japan, teachers evaluate character written by students and they teaches based on the written character. Professional in calligraphy can estimate writing process and balance of character which are important points for evaluation from written character by estimating movement of contact shape (contact face with a paper and a brush). But it takes a lot of time for students to learn correct writing process of character and balance of character in this education way. If teachers and students can know a movement of the contact shape, the calligraphy education will be more efficient. In case of taking an image of a brush by using a general camera setting, it is difficult to separate a character written by a black ink and a black brush to detect contact shape because both are black and the contact shap is hided under the brush. Therefore, we propose new camera setting system as Horizon View Camera (HVC) that is a special camera setting, and contact shapes can be detected and reconstructed by using this camera system. And, we evaluate balance of white space which means unwritten space on a paper for evaluation of a character. Correct white space in calligraphy is not just unwritten space but is influenced by movement of contact shape. Then by using HVC system, movement of contact shape which is difficult for amateur to estimate from written character can be detected dynamically and evaluation of white space in considering of influence of contact shape movement can be improved.