Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SCAIL: An integrated Starcraft AI system

We present the work on our integrated AI system SCAIL, which is capable of playing a full round of the Real-Time Strategy game Starcraft. Our system makes use of modern AI techniques such as particle filtering, on-line machine learning, drive-based motivation systems and artificial emotions, used to find novel structure in the dynamic playing environment, which is exploited by both high and low-level control systems. We employ a principled architecture, capable of expressing high level goal-directed behaviour. We provide an overview of our system, and a comparative evaluation against the in-game AIs of Starcraft, as well as thirteen third party systems. We go on to detail how the techniques and tools we introduce provide advantages to our system over the current state-of-the-art, resulting in improved performance when competing against those systems.
Lizard Radiations Exceptional Convergence on the Macroevolutionary Landscape in

This copy is for your personal, non-commercial use only. clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): July 18, 2013 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/341/6143/292.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2013/07/18/341.6143. 292.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/341/6143/292.full. html#ref-list-1 , 11 of which can be accessed free: cites 32 articles This article
Origin of spin-polarization decay in point-contact Andreev reflection

We have performed point contact Andreev reflection measurements with a view to study the correlation between measured spin polarization and the interface scattering parameter Z extracted from fits of the modified Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model to the conductance-voltage curves of superconductor/ferromagnet point contacts. A simple model describing spin-flip scattering in the interface region identifies (formula presented) as the effective scattering parameter and predicts that the spin polarization decays exponentially with (formula presented) in agreement with experimental data.
Two-pass gas signal detection system based on fiber loop ring-down cavity

To solve the problem of poor expansion of the traditional respiratory detection system, a detection system suitable for two-pass gas detection is proposed in this paper. A gas chamber is inserted into a fiber loop ring-down cavity. The key structural parameters, such as cavity length, optical attenuation factor, insertion loss, coupling rate, etc. Are studied. When testing two-pass gas signals simultaneously, the obtained theoretical time interval is 0.935 s. The proposed system can be potentially expanded to more signals.
Comparison of Maximum Power Point Tracking ( MPPT ) Techniques

--Solar energy has maximum efficiency to convert energy into electrical among all the renewable sources, by using solar cell. But initial cost of solar cell is very high. Also in rapid changing environmental condition also partially shaded condition by somehow, the efficiency of conversion into electricity is decreases. So, the overall cost of solar energy will be increased and not economical. So, it is desired to extract maximum energy from solar cell by the way the maximum power point tracking techniques. There are two most popular methods, which are Perturb & Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (IC). The comparative study of these two techniques is described in this paper by theoretically and MATLAB simulation based.
Radiofrequency applicator concepts for simultaneous MR imaging and hyperthermia treatment of glioblastoma multiforme

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent and most aggressive malignant brain tumor with de facto no long term curation by the use of current multimodal therapeutic approaches. The efficacy of brachytherapy and enhancing interstitial hyperthermia has been demonstrated. RF heating at ultrahigh fields (B0=7.0T, f=298MHz) has the potential of delivering sufficiently large thermal dosage for hyperthermia of relatively large tumor areas. This work focuses on electromagnetic field (EMF) simulations and provides realistic applicator designs tailored for simultaneous RF heating and MRI. Our simulations took advantage of target volumes derived from patient data, and our preliminary results suggest that RF power can be focused to both a small tumor area and a large clinical target volume.
Exploring the perception and behavior of software engineers about computer software patent

Patent is one kind of the intellectual property, and the nature of patent institution is to accelerate the speed of innovation and invention. It is likely to the patent of computer software. But the opinion voiced by exponents of open source and free software is extremely opposed to patenting computer software. They are concerned the software patent acts as a barrier to technology improvement. This study employs a modified technological acceptance model (TAM) to explore the perception and behavior of software engineers, and examines the relationship between perception and management behavior about patent. The findings of this study are two-fold: 1. Most of the relations of this research model are positively significant, including knowledge of patent, dependency on patent, perceived usefulness of patent, perceived ease of use of patent, intention to use patent, and actual behavior of patent management; 2. The scales of firm and number of patents owned by firms have a significantly different effect from the above constructs, but the individual attributes of engineers are not significantly different from those constructs. Finally, this study provides two suggestions for future study: one is concerned with the willingness and capability of computer software inventors to codify invention; another concern the competency of absorbing the patent knowledge from computer software engineer. Based on these two aspects, researchers can achieve a deeper understanding of the knowledge innovation and technology diffusion.
Internet advertising strategy alignment

Purpose – Because the web can be an influential medium for attracting and retaining customers, it is critical to examine the connection between web advertising and corporate strategy. This is particularly true for multinational organizations, which face the most complex organizational environment. The purpose of this paper is to propose that multinational organizations should be concerned with alignment of their strategy and web image because of the size and geographic spread of their operations.Design/methodology/approach – This research paper reviews the fundamental global strategies that corporations can pursue (e.g. integration, transnational, national responsiveness) and then empirically examine the relationship between corporate global strategy and web advertising strategy for 20 multinational organizations.Findings – The results show that misalignment between corporate global strategy and web advertising strategy is reasonably common. For two thirds of the companies in our sample, there was imperfe.
Sequence detection in pseudowords in French: Where is the syllable effect?

In two experiments, French speakers detected cv or cvc sequences at the beginning of disyllabic pseudowords varying in syllable structure and pivotal consonant. Overall, both studies failed to replicate the crossover interaction that has been previously observed in French by Mehler, Dommergues, Frauenfelder and Seguí (1981). In both experiments, latencies were shorter to cv than to cvc targets and this effect of target length was generally smaller for cvc cv than for cv cv carriers. However, a clear crossover interaction was observed for liquid pivotal consonants under target-blocking conditions, and especially for slow participants. A third experiment collected phonemegating data on the same pseudowords to obtain estimates of the duration of the initial phonemes. Regression analyses showed that phoneme duration accounted for a large proportion of the variance for cvc target detection, suggesting that participants were reacting rather directly to phonemic throughput. These findings argue against the hypothesis of an early syllabic classification mechanism in the perception of speech.
Did Community Rating Induce an Adverse Selection Death Spiral? Evidencefrom New York, Pennsylvania and Connecticut

Using data from the 1987 to 1996 March Current Population Surveys we find no evidence for the conventional wisdom' that the imposition of pure community rating leads to an adverse selection death spiral. ' Specifically, the percentage of individuals in small groups covered by health insurance did not fall in New York (which enacted community rating legislation in 1993) relative to either Pennsylvania (which enacted no insurance reform) or Connecticut (which enacted moderate insurance reform without imposing community rating). Consistent with the predictions of the simple Rothschild and Stiglitz (1975) framework, however, we find that the New York reforms appear to have had a significant impact on the structure of the New York insurance market. Specifically, New York has experienced a dramatic shift away from indemnity insurance toward HMOs. While this shift took place during a period of nationwide increases in the percentage with managed care, the increase in HMO penetration in New York's small group and individual markets was significantly greater than in Pennsylvania or Connecticut.
A Heuristic Logic-Based Benders Method for the Home Health Care Problem

We propose a heuristic adaptation of logic-based Benders decomposition to the home health care problem. The objective is design routes and schedules for health care workers who visit patient homes, so as to minimize cost while meeting all patient needs and work requirements. We solve the Benders master problem by a greedy heuristic that is enhanced by the propagation facilities of constraint programming (CP). We solve the subproblems entirely by CP and generate logic-based Benders cuts that exploit problem structure. Many of the subproblem constraints are included in the master problem to compensate for the difficulty of designing strong Benders cuts, but they serve as guidance for the heuristic rather than constraints to be satisfied. We also experiment with local search in the master problem to hasten the discovery of a feasible solution. We report preliminary computational results for realistic problem instances.
Hold-up in multiple banking: evidence from SME lending

This paper analyses loan pricing on short-term lines of credit with an emphasis on situations of borrower distress. Based on a unique data set on SME lending collected from major German banks, we find effective coordination among multiple bank lenders when there is borrower distress. The panel estimation distinguishes between rents to a single bank lender and rents that accrue due to the elimination of competition among multiple lenders. We find relationship lending in terms of duration and housebanking to have no discernible impact on the loan spread. Thus, contrary to predictions in the theoretical literature, multiple lending does not necessarily insure the borrower against hold-up.
Tetrahydroxystilbene glycoside antagonizes β-amyloid-induced inflammatory injury in microglia cells by regulating PU.1 expression

Inhibiting &bgr;-amyloid (A&bgr;)-induced microglial activation is proposed as an effective strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Tetrahydroxystilbene glycoside (TSG) is the main active ingredient of Polygonum multiflorum and has a wide range of biological properties, including antiinflammation. Here, we focused on the function and regulatory mechanism of TSG in A&bgr;-induced N9 and BV2 cells. The results showed that A&bgr; treatment induced the activation of microglia cells and the production of inflammatory molecules, including inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase 2, and prostaglandin E2, which were significantly inhibited by TSG pretreatment. Furthermore, we found A&bgr; exposure increased the levels of microglial M1 markers, interleukin (IL)-1&bgr;, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor &agr;, and the pretreatment of TSG suppressed the increase of M1 markers and enhanced the levels of M2 markers, including IL-10, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, and arginase-1. PU.1 overexpression was found to eradicate the anti-inflammatory effects of TSG in A&bgr;-induced microglial cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that TSG attenuates A&bgr;-induced microglial activation and polarizes microglia towards M2 phenotype, which may be closely associated with the regulation of PU.1.
A Structural-Lexical Measure of Semantic Similarity for Geo-Knowledge Graphs

Graphs have become ubiquitous structures to encode geographic knowledge online. The Semantic Web’s linked open data, folksonomies, wiki websites and open gazetteers can be seen as geo-knowledge graphs, that is labeled graphs whose vertices represent geographic concepts and whose edges encode the relations between concepts. To compute the semantic similarity of concepts in such structures, this article defines the network-lexical similarity measure (NLS). This measure estimates similarity by combining two complementary sources of information: the network similarity of vertices and the semantic similarity of the lexical definitions. NLS is evaluated on the OpenStreetMap Semantic Network, a crowdsourced geo-knowledge graph that describes geographic concepts. The hybrid approach outperforms both network and lexical measures, obtaining very strong correlation with the similarity judgments of human subjects.
Fold recognition and accurate query‐template alignment by a combination of PSI‐BLAST and threading

A homology‐based structure prediction method ideally gives both a correct fold assignment and an accurate query‐template alignment. In this article we show that the combination of two existing methods, PSI‐BLAST and threading, leads to significant enhancement in the success rate of fold recognition. The combined approach, termed COBLATH, also yields much higher alignment accuracy than found in previous studies. It consists of two‐way searches both by PSI‐BLAST and by threading. In the PSI‐BLAST portion, a query is used to search for hits in a library of potential templates and, conversely, each potential template is used to search for hits in a library of queries. In the threading portion, the scoring function is the sum of a sequence profile and a 6×6 substitution matrix between predicted query and known template secondary structure and solvent exposure. “Two‐way” in threading means that the query's sequence profile is used to match the sequences of all potential templates and the sequence profiles of all potential templates are used to match the query's sequence. When tested on a set of 533 nonhomologous proteins, COBLATH was able to assign folds for 390 (73%). Among these 390 queries, 265 (68%) had root‐mean‐square deviations (RMSDs) of less than 8 Å between predicted and actual structures. Such high success rate and accuracy make COBLATH an ideal tool for structural genomics. Proteins 2001;42:23–37. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hybrid positioning framework for mobile devices

A variety of technologies has emerged in response to an increasing demand for location aware applications. Nevertheless, single-technology systems have several limitations and vulnerabilities and it seems unlikely that such a system will be able to provide a universal solution. In this paper, we present the Global Positioning Module (GPM), a framework that seamlessly combines a multitude of approaches in order to supply mobile devices with indoor and outdoor positioning. The novelty of our work is the way in which position providers are integrated by using an abstraction derived from their performance properties. This allows for a selection of providers based on their suitability to the surrounding environment and to the user's requirements with regards to accuracy, drift, power consumption and so on. Our aim is to provide a foundation for ubiquitous location based services, namely a transparent transition between the plethora of technologies available today.
The OWL API: A Java API for OWL ontologies

We present the OWL API, a high level Application Programming Interface (API) for working with OWL ontologies. The OWL API is closely aligned with the OWL 2 structural specification. It supports parsing and rendering in the syntaxes defined in the W3C specification (Functional Syntax, RDF/XML, OWL/XML and the Manchester OWL Syntax); manipulation of ontological structures; and the use of reasoning engines. The reference implementation of the OWL API, written in Java, includes validators for the various OWL 2 profiles - OWL 2 QL, OWL 2 EL and OWL 2 RL. The OWL API has widespread usage in a variety of tools and applications.
Fractal analysis of the ULF geomagnetic data obtained at Izu Peninsula, Japan in relation to the nearby earthquake swarm of June–August 2000

Abstract. In our recent papers we applied fractal methods to extract the earthquake precursory signatures from scaling characteristics of the ULF geomagnetic data, obtained in a seismic active region of Guam Island during the large earthquake of 8 August 1993. We found specific dynamics of their fractal characteristics (spectral exponents and fractal dimensions) before the earthquake: appearance of the flicker-noise signatures and increase of the time series fractal dimension. Here we analyze ULF geomagnetic data obtained in a seismic active region of Izu Peninsula, Japan during a swarm of the strong nearby earthquakes of June–August 2000 and compare the results obtained in both regions. We apply the same methodology of data processing using the FFT procedure, Higuchi method and Burlaga-Klein approach to calculate the spectral exponents and fractal dimensions of the ULF time series. We found the common features and specific peculiarities in the behavior of fractal characteristics of the ULF time series before Izu and Guam earthquakes. As a common feature, we obtained the same increase of the ULF time series fractal dimension before the earthquakes, and as specific peculiarity – this increase appears to be sharp for Izu earthquake in comparison with gradual increase of the ULF time series fractal dimension for Guam earthquake. The results obtained in both regions are discussed on the basis of the SOC (self-organized criticality) concept taking into account the differences in the depths of the earthquake focuses. On the basis of the peculiarities revealed, we advance methodology for extraction of the earthquake precursory signatures. As an adjacent step, we suggest the combined analysis of the ULF time series in the parametric space polarization ratio – fractal dimension. We reason also upon the advantage of the multifractal approach with respect to the mono-fractal analysis for study of the earthquake preparation dynamics.
Relative position of the atrioventricular canal determines the electrical activation of developing reptile ventricles

ABSTRACT Squamate reptiles appear to lack the specialized His–Purkinje system that enables the cardiac ventricle to be activated from apex to base as in mammals and birds. Instead, activation may simply spread from where the atrioventricular canal connects to the base. Gja5, which encodes Cx40, which allows fast impulse propagation, was expressed throughout the ventricles of developing anole lizards. Activation was optically recorded in developing corn snake and central bearded dragon. Early embryonic ventricles were broad in shape, and activation propagated from the base to the right. Elongated ventricles of later stages were activated from base to apex. Before hatching of the snake, the ventricle developed a cranial extension on the left and activation propagated from the base to the caudal apex and the cranial extension. In squamate reptiles, the pattern of electrical activation of the cardiac ventricle is dependent on the position of the atrioventricular canal and the shape of the ventricle. Summary: The heart ventricles of squamate reptiles are without a specialized ventricular conduction system, and the manner of electrical activation can therefore be predicted on the basis of morphology.
Developmental expression of Xenopus myosin 1d and identification of a myo1d tail homology that overlaps TH1

Xenopus laevis myosin 1d (XlMyo1d) is a member of the myosin I class, subclass 4. Members of this class are single headed, bind calmodulin light chains and have lipid binding domains in their tails. The rat myo1d homologue has been implicated in endosome vesicle recycling in epithelial cells. Mutations in the Drosophila myosin 1d homologue cause situs inversus in the abdomen. The XlMyo1d cDNA has been cloned and the derived amino acid sequence is 80% identical to the rat and human homologues. Sequence comparison revealed a novel isoform‐specific tail homology embedded in the Tail Homology 1 (TH1) domain characteristic of myosin I isoforms. Western blot analysis using a polyclonal antibody raised against an isoform‐specific peptide showed that the protein is present in eggs and levels increase at early neurula through tadpole stages. Whole mount in situ hybridization using a probe containing the 5′UTR (untranslated region) showed that XlMyo1d mRNA is expressed in neural tube, pre‐somitic mesoderm, somites and all three segments of cranial neural crest cells during their migration. Sections of the in situ hybridizations revealed that during somitogenesis, XlMyo1d mRNA was localized to a stripe overlapping the nuclear region of somites during early tadpole stages.
Applying a Developmental Framework to the Self‐Regulatory Difficulties of Young Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: A Review

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can be associated with significant difficulties in self-regulatory abilities. As such, interventions have been developed that focus on improving varying aspects of self-regulation for this population. The application of a multilevel theoretical framework that describes the development of self-regulation during early childhood could further advance the field. First, this framework could assist in elucidating mechanisms in the trajectories of early adjustment problems in this population and, second, informing the development of more precise assessment and interventions for those affected by PAE. The aims of the current review were to provide an overview of the self-regulatory framework proposed by Calkins and colleagues (e.g., Calkins, 2007; Calkins and Fox, 2002); examine the self-regulatory difficulties that are commonly experienced during infancy (i.e., 0 to 2 years) and early childhood (i.e., 3 to 8 years) in children with PAE in the context of the developmental framework; and describe how the framework can inform the development of future assessment and intervention provision for young children with PAE. The application of a developmental framework, such as proposed by Calkins and colleagues, allows for a systematic and theoretically driven approach to assessment and intervention programs for young children with PAE.