Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability-Aware Scheduling on Heterogeneous Multicore Processors

Reliability to soft errors is an increasingly important issue as technology continues to shrink. In this paper, we show that applications exhibit different reliability characteristics on big, high-performance cores versus small, power-efficient cores, and that there is significant opportunity to improve system reliability through reliability-aware scheduling on heterogeneous multicore processors. We monitor the reliability characteristics of all running applications, and dynamically schedule applications to the different core types in a heterogeneous multicore to maximize system reliability. Reliability-aware scheduling improves reliability by 25.4% on average (and up to 60.2%) compared to performance-optimized scheduling on a heterogeneous multicore processor with two big cores and two small cores, while de-grading performance by 6.3% only. We also introduce a novel system-level reliability metric for multiprogram workloads on (heterogeneous) multicores. We further show that our reliability-aware scheduler is robust across core count, number of big and small cores, and their frequency settings. The hardware cost in support of our reliability-aware scheduler is limited to 296 bytes per core.
Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Cancer

Alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk for various types of cancer. A combined analysis of more than 200 studies assessing the link between alcohol and various types of cancer (i.e., a meta-analysis) sought to investigate this association in more detail. This meta-analysis found that alcohol most strongly increased the risks for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and larynx. Statistically significant increases in risk also existed for cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, female breast, and ovaries. Several mechanisms have been postulated through which alcohol may contribute to an increased risk of cancer. Concurrent tobacco use, which is common among drinkers, enhances alcohol’s effects on the risk for cancers of the upper digestive and respiratory tract. The analysis did not identify a threshold level of alcohol consumption below which no increased risk for cancer was evident.
Less is more: density influences the development of behavioural life skills in trout

Theory suggests that habitat structure and population density profoundly influence the phenotypic development of animals. Here, we predicted that reduced rearing density and increased structural complexity promote food search ability, anti-predator response and the ability to forage on novel prey, all behavioural skills important for surviving in the wild. Brown trout were reared at three densities (conventional hatchery density, a fourth of conventional hatchery density and natural density) in tanks with or without structure. Treatment effects on behaviour were studied on trout fry and parr, whereupon 20 trout from each of the six treatment groups were released in an enclosed natural stream and recaptured after 36 days. Fry reared at natural density were faster to find prey in a maze. Moreover, parr reared at natural density were faster to eat novel prey, and showed more efficient anti-predator behaviour than fish reared at higher densities. Furthermore, parr reared at reduced densities were twice as likely to survive in the stream as trout reared at high density. In contrast, we found no clear treatment effects of structure. These novel results suggest that reduced rearing densities can facilitate the development of behavioural life skills in captive animals, thereby increasing their contribution to natural production.
RIGHT AND LEFT VISUAL CORTEX AREAS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS WITH RIGHT- AND LEFT-EYE DOMINANCE

The aim of this work was to study the differences between the right- and left-visual cortices in relation to eyedness in healthy subjects. Ocular domi nance was determined by means of the near-far alignment test. To assess visual cortical areas, the right and left sagittal scenograms of cranium by magnetic resonance imaging were used. To calculate the visual cortex areas by using scenograms, Cavalieri s method was used. In the subjects with right-eye dominance, the right visual cortex was larger than the left visual cortex, and vice versa in the subjects with left-eye dominance. The right and left cuneal areas were found to be larger in males than in females. In light of these results, it was concluded that the human eyes are predominantly controlled by the ipsilateral visual cortex.
Towards a Theory of Open Innovation: Three Core Process Archetypes

Open Innovation is a phenomenon that has become increasingly important for both practice and theory over the last few years. The reasons are to be found in shorter innovation cycles, industrial research and development's escalating costs as well as in the dearth of resources. Subsequently, the open source phenomenon has attracted innovation researchers and practitioners. The recent era of open innovation started when practitioners realised that companies that wished to commercialise both their own ideas as well as other firms' innovation should seek new ways to bring their in-house ideas to market. They need to deploy pathways outside their current businesses and should realise that the locus where knowledge is created does not necessarily always equal the locus of innovation - they need not both be found within the company. Experience has furthermore shown that neither the locus of innovation nor exploitation need lie within companies' own boundaries. However, emulation of the open innovation approach transforms a company's solid boundaries into a semi-permeable membrane that enables innovation to move more easily between the external environment and the company's internal innovation process. How far the open innovation approach is implemented in practice and whether there are identifiable patterns were the questions we investigated with our empirical study. Based on our empirical database of 124 companies, we identified three core open innovation processes: (1) The outside-in process: Enriching a company's own knowledge base through the integration of suppliers, customers, and external knowledge sourcing can increase a company's innovativeness. (2) The inside-out process: The external exploitation of ideas in different markets, selling IP and multiplying technology by channelling ideas to the external environment. (3) The coupled process: Linking outside-in and inside-out by working in alliances with complementary companies during which give and take are crucial for success. Consequent thinking along the whole value chain and new business models enable this core process.
Discovering Chinese Compound Term Using Termhood and Unithood Measures

Domain terms play a crucial role in many research areas, which has led to a rise in demand for automatic domain terms extraction. In this paper, we present a two-level evaluation approach based on term hood and unit hood to extract Chinese domain compound terms automatically, which takes the character-level and word-level information into account. To achieve this, we incorporate semantic features by using the word segmentation to recognize single word terms, then leverage the improved C-value and heuristic methods such as word formation pattern and word formation power to evaluate candidates at both levels. By validating our approach with several existing dictionaries, a significant improvement of compound terms detection is achieved. Experiments in legal corpus show our method is superior over other compared methods.
Volume matting: object tracking based matting tool

Digital matting, whose goal is to extract only an interesting foreground component from arbitrary and natural background regions, plays an important role in a variety of areas such as computer vision, graphics and so on. Especially, digital matting has been widely used in film production lately for providing an efficient way of dealing with a complicated composition. However, it is hard to generate a perfect matte from a given image without any prior information because the matting problem is intrinsically ill-posed. This prior information is usually fed by means of a trimap or scribbles. Hence, when extracting foreground objects from any sequent images with the still-image matting method, the works would be definitely laborious and time-consuming. To overcome these problems, video matting of the process of pulling a foreground regions from sequent images has been introduced. For instance, the video matting method proposed by [Chuang et al. 2002] leverages a bayesian technique for image matting and an optical flow algorithm to estimate the trimap flow.
ERBIN is a new SARA-interacting protein: competition between SARA and SMAD2 and SMAD3 for binding to ERBIN

SARA, an early endosomal protein, plays a key role in TGFβ signalling, as it presents SMAD2 and SMAD3 for phosphorylation by the activated TGFβ receptors. Here, we show that ERBIN is a new SARA-interacting protein that can be recruited by SARA to early endosomes. ERBIN was recently shown to bind and segregate phosphorylated SMAD2 and SMAD3 (SMAD2/3) in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting SMAD2/3-dependent transcription. SARA binds to ERBIN using a new domain, which we have called the ERBID (ERBIN-binding domain), whereas ERBIN binds to SARA using a domain (amino acids 1208–1265) that also interacts with SMAD2 and SMAD3, which we have called the SSID (SARA- and SMAD-interacting domain). We additionally show that SARA competes with SMAD2/3 for binding to ERBIN. In agreement, overexpression of SARA or the ERBID peptide reverses the inhibitory effect of ERBIN on SMAD2/3-dependent transcription. Taken together, these data suggest that the response of cells to TGFβ and activin A can be influenced by the relative concentrations of SARA, ERBIN and SMAD2/3.
Rapid detection of IgG subclasses on DAT positive RBC membranes by flow cytometry (FC).

UNLABELLED Red blood cell (RBC)-bound IgG can cause hemolysis resulting, e.g. in severe cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemias (AIHA) or in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Serologic detection and differentiation of these antibodies are often difficult in cases of low antibody titers. We investigated 36 cases of poly- and monospecific IgG-positive DATs by flow cytometry. The RBC samples were washed, diluted, and incubated with monoclonal antibodies directed against IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, respectively. Analysis was performed on a flow cytometer. Nine cases were negative for all 4 IgG subclasses, 8 cases were positive for IgG2, 5 for IgG1, 5 for IgG3, and 3 for all four subclasses. In 6 patients we found combinations of 2 or 3 subclasses (2 for IgG1 and IgG2, 1 for IgG1 and IgG3, 1 for IgG3 and IgG4, 1 for IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4, 1 for IgG1, IgG3 and IgG4). Serological differentiation revealed specific anti-bodies only in 3 cases (anti-Lea, anti-Leb, anti-P1). The type of IgG subclass and the amount of RBC-bound IgG is relevant for the degree of in vivo RBC destruction. Flow cytometry provides a rapid, highly sensitive, cost efficient, and specific tool for IgG detection, including subgroups. CONCLUSIONS We therefore recommend flow cytometric analysis to be integrated into the serological decision process as an additional method for serological problem cases.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes Map to Two Chromosomes in an Evolutionarily Ancient Reptile, the Tuatara Sphenodon punctatus

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are a central component of the vertebrate immune system and usually exist in a single genomic region. However, considerable differences in MHC organization and size exist between different vertebrate lineages. Reptiles occupy a key evolutionary position for understanding how variation in MHC structure evolved in vertebrates, but information on the structure of the MHC region in reptiles is limited. In this study, we investigate the organization and cytogenetic location of MHC genes in the tuatara (Sphenodon punctatus), the sole extant representative of the early-diverging reptilian order Rhynchocephalia. Sequencing and mapping of 12 clones containing class I and II MHC genes from a bacterial artificial chromosome library indicated that the core MHC region is located on chromosome 13q. However, duplication and translocation of MHC genes outside of the core region was evident, because additional class I MHC genes were located on chromosome 4p. We found a total of seven class I sequences and 11 class II β sequences, with evidence for duplication and pseudogenization of genes within the tuatara lineage. The tuatara MHC is characterized by high repeat content and low gene density compared with other species and we found no antigen processing or MHC framework genes on the MHC gene-containing clones. Our findings indicate substantial differences in MHC organization in tuatara compared with mammalian and avian MHCs and highlight the dynamic nature of the MHC. Further sequencing and annotation of tuatara and other reptile MHCs will determine if the tuatara MHC is representative of nonavian reptiles in general.
Significance of Milk pH in Newborn Infants

Bottle-fed infants do not gain weight as rapidly as breast-fed babies during the first week of life. This weight lag can be corrected by the addition of a small amount of alkali (sodium bicarbonate or trometamol) to the feeds. The alkali corrects the acidity of cow's milk which now assumes some of the properties of human breast milk. It has a bacteriostatic effect on specific Escherichia coli in vitro, and in infants it produces a stool with a preponderance of lactobacilli over E. coli organisms. When alkali is removed from the milk there is a decrease in the weight of an infant and the stools contain excessive numbers of E. coli bacteria. A pH-corrected milk appears to be more physiological than unaltered cow's milk and may provide some protection against gastroenteritis in early life. Its bacteriostatic effect on specific E. coli may be of practical significance in feed preparations where terminal sterilization and refrigeration are not available. The study was conducted during the week after birth, and no conclusions are derived for older infants. The long-term effects of trometamol are unknown. No recommendation can be given for the addition of sodium bicarbonate to milks containing a higher content of sodium.
Resource allocation for sensors with wireless power transfer and ambient backscatter transmission

We consider the problem of enabling a passive sensor to communicate, by integrating wireless power transfer and ambient backscatter transmission. The passive sensor collects energy from the radio-frequency signal emitted by an existing (legacy) transmitter, and uses such an energy to modulate its information by reflecting the legacy signal. In particular, we study the case when the intended receiver of the sensor information is co-located with the legacy transmitter. The achievable data rate of the sensor transmission is optimized as a function of the available resources, subject to limits on the mean square error of the channel estimate, symbol error rate, and harvested energy. The performance of both the legacy and sensor systems are further corroborated by means of Monte Carlo simulations.
Automated segmentation of math-zones from document images

With an aim to high-level understanding of the mathematicalcontents in a document image the requirement ofmath-zone extraction and recognition technique is obvious.In this paper we present fully auotmatic segmentation ofdisplayed-math zones from the document image, using onlythe spatial layout information of math-formulas and equations,so as to help commercial OCR systems which cannotdiscern math-zones and also for the identification and arrangementof math symbols by others.
Multicast adaptive logic for Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP network

Video streaming constitutes the vast majority of Internet traffic and the DASH protocol has become the de-facto standard in the industry of multimedia delivery. The multicast method for information distribution has the potential to dramatically reduce multimedia streaming traffic; however, to date, there is no effective Adaptive Logic (AL) designed to support multicast constraints at the client side. In this paper we present an adaptive logic that is designed specifically for multicast scenarios. A comparison of our Multicast Adaptive Logic (MAL) with leading ALs under multicast conditions demonstrates that MAL provides the best performance under multicast conditions and good performance under unicast conditions.
Sex determination of monomorphic birds by fibreoptic endoscopy

Fibreoptic endoscopy was performed in 1056 monomorphic birds of 144 different species belonging to 15 Orders. The purpose was to establish their sex by direct inspection of the gonads. The results suggest that although the technique involves surgical intervention it is generally more practical and accurate than chromosome analysis of lymphocytes or analysis of faecal steroids. Surgical anaesthesia is recommended on practical and humane grounds but this and the technique itself can be hazardous in old and fat birds, where a mortality rate of as high as 2 per cent was encountered. Cloacal examination of as high as 2 per cent was encountered. Cloacal examination is a more practical technique for sex determination in penguins.
Autonomous Unobtrusive Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

The current diagnosis process of dementia is resulting in a high percentage of cases with delayed detection. To address this problem, in this paper, we explore the feasibility of autonomously detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the older adult population. We implement a signal processing approach equipped with a machine learning paradigm to process and analyze real-world data acquired using home-based unobtrusive sensing technologies. Using the sensor and clinical data pertaining to 97 subjects, acquired over an average period of three years, a number of measures associated with the subjects' walking speed and general activity in the home were calculated. Different time spans of these measures were used to generate feature vectors to train and test two machine learning algorithms namely support vector machines and random forests. We were able to autonomously detect MCI in older adults with an area under the ROC curve of 0.97 and an area under the precision-recall curve of 0.93 using a time window of 24 weeks. This study is of great significance since it can potentially assist in the early detection of cognitive impairment in older adults.
Collaborative and Content-based Filtering for Item Recommendation on Social Bookmarking Websites

Social bookmarking websites allow users to store, organize, and search bookmarks of web pages. Users of these services can annotate their bookmarks by using informal tags and other metadata, such as titles, descriptions, etc. In this paper, we focus on the task of item recommendation for social bookmarking websites, i.e. predicting which unseen bookmarks a user might like based on his or her profile. We examine how we can incorporate the tags and other metadata into a nearest-neighbor collaborative filtering (CF) algorithm, by replacing the traditional usage-based similarity metrics by tag overlap, and by fusing tag-based similarity with usage-based similarity. In addition, we perform experiments with content-based filtering by using the metadata content to recommend interesting items. We generate recommendations directly based on KullbackLeibler divergence of the metadata language models, and we explore the use of this metadata in calculating user and item similarities. We perform our experiments on three data sets from two di erent domains: Delicious, CiteULike and BibSonomy.
Clinical and Radiological Classification of the Jawbone Anatomy in Endosseous Dental Implant Treatment

ABSTRACT Objectives The purpose of present article was to review the classifications suggested for assessment of the jawbone anatomy, to evaluate the diagnostic possibilities of mandibular canal identification and risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury, aesthetic considerations in aesthetic zone, as well as to suggest new classification system of the jawbone anatomy in endosseous dental implant treatment. Material and Methods Literature was selected through a search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane electronic databases. The keywords used for search were mandible; mandibular canal; alveolar nerve, inferior; anatomy, cross-sectional; dental implants; classification. The search was restricted to English language articles, published from 1972 to March 2013. Additionally, a manual search in the major anatomy and oral surgery books were performed. The publications there selected by including clinical and human anatomy studies. Results In total 109 literature sources were obtained and reviewed. The classifications suggested for assessment of the jawbone anatomy, diagnostic possibilities of mandibular canal identification and risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury, aesthetic considerations in aesthetic zone were discussed. New classification system of the jawbone anatomy in endosseous dental implant treatment based on anatomical and radiologic findings and literature review results was suggested. Conclusions The classification system proposed here based on anatomical and radiological jawbone quantity and quality evaluation is a helpful tool for planning of treatment strategy and collaboration among specialists. Further clinical studies should be conducted for new classification validation and reliability evaluation.
Homeless Education and Social Capital: An Examination of School and Community Leaders

Background/Context This study contributes to the literature on the schooling of homeless and highly mobile students. Although previous work has detailed the demographics of homelessness, the effects of homelessness on academic progress, and particular legal issues in homeless education, this research focused on how individual and institutional relationships influence homeless education. Purpose/Objectives The purpose of the study was to develop deeper understanding of how schools and shelters helped create educational social capital for students and families who were experiencing homelessness. The guiding research questions for the study were: (1) How do school and shelter leaders perceive social capital as influencing the education of students who are homeless? and (2) How do school and shelter leaders’ relational networks influence the education of students who are homeless? Setting Data were collected from three homeless shelters and three public schools that are located in a large city in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Participants A total of 31 interviews were conducted with shelter-based administrators, case workers, and child development specialists, and school-based principals and central office administrators. Research Design A qualitative collective case study research design was employed. Findings Homeless students and families appeared to have insufficient stores of productive social capital, and although schools and homeless shelters provided them with some important relationships and resources, school and shelter leaders’ own shortages of bridging social capital limited the extent to which efficient educative active could occur. Conclusions/Recommendations Based on the findings, it is suggested that schools and shelters prioritize social capital development and improve interorganizational networking. Specifically, purposeful efforts should be made to develop school-shelter-family networks that are heterogeneous in composition.