Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New transfer of care initiative of electronic referral from hospital to community pharmacy in England: a formative service evaluation

Objectives To evaluate an electronic patient referral system from one UK hospital Trust to community pharmacies across the North East of England. Setting Two hospital sites in Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 207 community pharmacies. Participants Inpatients who were considered to benefit from on-going support and continuity of care after leaving hospital. Intervention Electronic transmission of an information related to patient's medicines to their nominated community pharmacy. Community pharmacists to provide a follow-up consultation tailored to the individual patient needs. Primary and secondary outcomes Number of referrals made to and received by different types of pharmacies; reasons for referrals; accepted/completed and rejected referred rates; reasons for rejections by community pharmacists; time to action referrals; details of the follow-up consultations; readmission rates at 30, 60 and 90 days post referral and number of hospital bed days. Results 2029 inpatients were referred over a 13-month period (1 July 2014–31 July 2015). Only 31% (n=619) of these patients participated in a follow-up consultation; 47% (n=955) of referrals were rejected by community pharmacies with the most common reason being ‘patient was uncontactable’ (35%, n=138). Most referrals were accepted/completed within 7 days of receipt and most rejections were made >2 weeks after referral receipt. Most referred patients were over 60 years of age and referred for a Medicines Use Review (MUR) or enrolment for the New Medicines Service (NMS). Those patients who received a community pharmacist follow-up consultation had statistically significant lower rates of readmissions and shorter hospital stays than those patients without a follow-up consultation. Conclusions Hospital pharmacy staff were able to use an information technology (IT) platform to improve the coordination of care for patients transitioning back home from hospital. Community pharmacists were able to contact the majority of patients and results indicate that patients receiving a follow-up consultation may have lower rates of readmission and shorter hospital stays.
Defective Pollen Wall 2 (DPW2) Encodes an Acyl Transferase Required for Rice Pollen Development1[OPEN]

The cytoplasmic hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:ω-hydroxy fatty acid transferase DPW2 plays a fundamental role in male reproduction via the biosynthesis of key components of the anther cuticle and pollen wall. Aliphatic and aromatic lipids are both essential structural components of the plant cuticle, an important interface between the plant and environment. Although cross links between aromatic and aliphatic or other moieties are known to be associated with the formation of leaf cutin and root and seed suberin, the contribution of aromatic lipids to the biosynthesis of anther cuticles and pollen walls remains elusive. In this study, we characterized the rice (Oryza sativa) male sterile mutant, defective pollen wall 2 (dpw2), which showed an abnormal anther cuticle, a defective pollen wall, and complete male sterility. Compared with the wild type, dpw2 anthers have increased amounts of cutin and waxes and decreased levels of lipidic and phenolic compounds. DPW2 encodes a cytoplasmically localized BAHD acyltransferase. In vitro assays demonstrated that recombinant DPW2 specifically transfers hydroxycinnamic acid moieties, using ω-hydroxy fatty acids as acyl acceptors and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs as acyl donors. Thus, The cytoplasmic hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:ω-hydroxy fatty acid transferase DPW2 plays a fundamental role in male reproduction via the biosynthesis of key components of the anther cuticle and pollen wall.
Consumer Opinion on Smoking Bans and Predicted Impact on Restaurant Frequency

ABSTRACT This study assessed the opinion of Kentucky consumers regarding smoking policies in restaurants. It examined differences in opinion between smokers, nonsmokers, and former smokers, and predicted restaurant behavior if a smoking ban was enacted. Data was collected through a telephone survey in winter 2003, yielding 825 interviews. There were no significant differences in frequency of eating out between the three smoking status groups. Significantly, different reactions to smoking bans were found with regard to certain demographics: smoking status, place of residence, and education. Smokers believed smoking in restaurants is less of a problem than nonsmokers and former smokers, whereas nonsmokers and former smokers were more likely to choose a restaurant based on it being smoke-free and to believe smoking makes dining out less enjoyable. Nonsmokers and former smokers are significantly more likely than smokers to predict that they will dine out more or about the same if a smoking ban is implemented, whereas smokers are significantly more likely to eat out less. Implications for the hospitality industry are discussed.
On Evaluating Perceptual Quality of Online User-Generated Videos

This paper deals with the issue of the perceptual quality evaluation of user-generated videos shared online, which is an important step toward designing video-sharing services that maximize users' satisfaction in terms of quality. We first analyze viewers' quality perception patterns by applying graph analysis techniques to subjective rating data. We then examine the performance of existing state-of-the-art objective metrics for the quality estimation of user-generated videos. In addition, we investigate the feasibility of metadata accompanied with videos in online video-sharing services for quality estimation. Finally, various issues in the quality assessment of online user-generated videos are discussed, including difficulties and opportunities.
[Evaluation of endoscopic diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus based on analysis of 346 reports].

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the different endoscopic ways of diagnosing Barrett's esophagus (BE) and assess the quality of BE endoscopic reports using a rating grid. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three-hundred and forty-six reports concerning BE (1997-2000) were divided into two groups, circular and non-circular BE, and rated on a scale (0 to 20 points) by two readers using a grid to evaluate, in particular, the description of BE, hiatal hernia and esophagitis and biopsy practice. RESULTS The score was >=10 points for 129 reports (37.3%). Points were deducted because of inadequate description of BE and hiatal hernia and particularly for a lack of biopsies (54% of reports). The indication of endoscopy (BE monitoring) and the form of medical arrangements (out- or in patients) had a significant effect on the mean score of the reports. Circular BE (46.5% of all reports) was described with respect to the height of the squamo-columnar junction (Z line) and the length of BE, and non-circular BE (40.4% of all reports) with respect to the number and height of the strips. Hiatal hernia, if detected, was described (67.2%) by its length, and esophagitis by standard classifications (70.1%). Finally, biopsy practice differed significantly as a function of the indication, the experience and status of the operator, or the medical management of the patient. CONCLUSION This study showed that the endoscopic reports of BE are not sufficiently rigorous and that the absence of biopsies is frequently not justified. In the future, standardized reports could be proposed by working groups of experts and then prospectively tested and approved.
The forward unbiasedness hypothesis and the forward premium: a nonlinear analysis

This paper considers nonlinear aspects of testing the mean-reversion of the forward premium. In contrast to standard linear methods, we consider a novel approach that allows for the joint testing of nonlinearity and nonstationarity. Within this approach, we employ nonlinear threshold autoregressive (TAR) unit root tests to investigate whether the 1 and 3 month forward premium series for seven industrial countries are mean-reverting. Overall, we are able to reject the null hypotheses of linearity and nonstationarity indicating nonlinear mean-reversion of the forward premium. Further, large deviations of the forward premium from its long-run equilibrium level are found to have faster speed of mean-reversion than
Notice of RetractionMicrowave Intensified and Regenerated Iron Chippings/Coconut-Shell Activated Carbon System to Degrade Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP in Water

In this paper, we have attempt to use microwave (MW) to intensify and regenerate iron chippings (IC)/coconut-shell activated carbon (CSAC) for degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP (K-2BP). The result showed that MW could intensify and regenerate IC/CSAC system and higher color removal percentage (CR%) and chemical oxygen demand reduction (CODR%) were achieved after MW irradiation. Meanwhile, the relationships between degradation efficiencies and those factors such as MW irradiation time, repeat treatment times and proportion between CSAC and IC, were discussed. We found the optimal MW irradiation time and ratio of CSAC/IC (v/v) were 2 min and 1:1, respectively.
AREA OCCUPANCY CHARACTERISTICS OF HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC

Increasing congestion due to rapid urbanization in developing countries like India necessitates the study of traffic flow for effective traffic management. Most of the traffic studies conducted in this regard were on the lines of methods used in developed countries. These studies were able to represent the traffic behavior only in a very limited manner. In developing countries traffic is composed of several types of vehicles ranging from cars with high speeds to low speed non-motorized vehicles. Microscopic traffic characteristics such as time headway and space headway are difficult to measure due to the heterogeneous nature (no lane discipline, and two or three small vehicles occupying one lane in lateral direction) of the traffic. Even using some of the macroscopic traffic characteristics such as density or occupancy, to study this kind of traffic may lead to erroneous results. Thus it is desirable to have a metric that can represent the heterogeneous nature of traffic in these conditions. Since varying vehicle dimensions are attributed to the lack of lane discipline, a modified measure of occupancy termed as Area occupancy is proposed in this paper. Like occupancy, area occupancy is also measured over time. This measure would also be able to consider the varying vehicle dimensions of the traffic. Based on field observations it is shown that area occupancy is more meaningful in representing the heterogeneous traffic when compared to occupancy.
Ab initio study of H, He, Li and Be impurity effect in tungsten Σ3{1 1 2} and Σ27{5 5 2} grain boundaries

Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate the effect of H, He, Li and Be impurities on the intergranular cohesion of W Σ3〈1 1 0〉{1 1 2} and Σ27〈1 1 0〉{5 5 2} grain boundaries (GBs). A rigorous search of unique interstices was performed to reveal a range of impurity behaviors. It was found that He exhibits the largest defect formation energy, however it is Li that shows the strongest tendency to segregate towards the GBs. The embrittling potency was studied using the ideal GB fracture energy (Rice–Wang) criterion (Rice and Wang 1989 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 107 23). The potency was found to depend significantly on the local atomic environment. A site-dependent concentration was used as the weighing factor to obtain an average potency as a function of temperature. It was found that the potency depends only weakly on temperature. In Σ3 H, He, Li and Be decrease fracture energy by 4%, 27%, 30% and 14%, respectively. In Σ27 H, He and Li also decrease cohesion, albeit less severely: 3%, 14% and 7%. On the other hand, Be increases cohesion in Σ27 by 3%.
Test conditions discussion of particle impact noise detection for space relay

The space relay reliability influences the national defence system reliability seriously, and precaution and detection of relay remainder are the pivotal factor to enhance the relay reliability. Particle impact noise detection (PIND) is the American military criterion, but there is a lack of working mechanism research. From the point of view dynamics the paper establishes the collision mathematic models of relay remainder based on PIND, and studies the remainder motions and collision mechanism, and derives the relations about PIND vibration table's acceleration, frequency, relay cavity's height and recovery coefficient, and lastly gives the corresponding simulations.
Sorbent Suspensions vs. Sorbent Columns for Extracorporeal Detoxification in Hepatic Failure

Abstract: Hepatic failure is a significant medical problem which has been unsuccessfully treated by hemodialysis. However, similar therapies using recirculated dialysate regenerated by sorbents in place of single‐pass dialysate have been beneficial in treating acute‐on‐chronic liver failure. The advantages of sorbent‐based treatments include some selectivity of toxin removal and improved removal of protein‐bound toxins. Activated carbon has been extensively used in detoxification systems, but has often had insufficient toxin capacity. Powdered activated carbon, because of its large surface area, can provide greater binding capacity for bilirubin and other toxins than granular carbon commonly used in detoxifying columns. Methods of using powdered carbon in extracorporeal blood treatment devices are reviewed in the present paper, including liver dialysis and a new sorbent suspension reactor (SSR); and the abilities and limitations of the SSR and columns to process protein solutions are discussed.
TNF‐α genetic polymorphism −308G/A and antituberculosis drug‐induced hepatitis

While the mechanisms underlying the development of drug‐induced liver injury are not clear, there is evidence to suggest that tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) plays an important role in drug‐ or drug metabolite‐induced immune responses. We hypothesized that polymorphisms in the TNF‐α gene are associated with anti‐tuberculosis drug (ATD)‐induced hepatitis.
Managing Organizational Transformations: Lessons from the Veterans Health Administration

Managing an organizational transformation is a risky and difficult endeavor. This article examines the lessons learned from the transformation of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), one of the largest agencies in the federal government. The transformation, which has proven to be highly successful, has focused on changing the agency from a health care delivery system emphasizing inpatient-oriented tertiary care to a health care delivery system that can meet the growing needs of veterans for outpatient-oriented primary care. The VHA's experience reveals the importance of selecting leaders whose qualifications match the needs of the transformation, developing a coherent transformation plan, maintaining a focus on key transformation goals, and managing external changes to complement internals one. In addition, the VHAs experience reminds us that a transformation often raises significant issues concerning employee training and education, communication with frontline employees, and the balance between centralized control and operating unit flexibility.
Influence of counseling sessions on the prevalence of breastfeeding in the first year of life: a randomized clinical trial with adolescent mothers and grandmothers.

BACKGROUND Adolescent mothers living with their mothers may be at greater risk of early weaning. This study aims to assess the influence of a breastfeeding promotion strategy directed at adolescent mothers living with their mothers on the prevalence of breastfeeding in the first year of life. METHOD A randomized clinical trial with 323 adolescent mothers. Participants were divided into two groups: those who lived with their mothers and those who did not. Participants were randomly assigned to control or intervention groups. Intervention consisted of breastfeeding counseling sessions held at the maternity ward and at home (at 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 days postpartum). The intervention effect was assessed by comparing survival curves for breastfeeding in the first 12 months of life. RESULTS The risk of weaning before 12 months of age was significantly lower in the intervention group for adolescent mothers not living with their mothers; whereas the risk was not statistically different between intervention and control groups for those living with their mothers. CONCLUSIONS The positive influence of systematic counseling sessions on the prevalence of breastfeeding in the first year of life was significant for adolescent mothers. Living with their mothers reduced such influence.
Assessing Kuwaitis’ Intention to Shop Online Using TAM

This study employs the basic technology acceptance model (TAM) to predict Kuwaitis’ behavioral intention (BI) to shop online. The impacts of perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) on Kuwaitis’ BI to shop online are investigated. To validate the research model, data has been collected from 608 Kuwaitis who are using the Internet using the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha is employed to check reliability of the items used in the study. Factor analysis is used for data reduction. Multiple regression is used to determine direct effect of the independent variables (PU, PEOU) on dependant variable (BI). The results showed that PU and PEOU are significant predictors of Kuwaitis’ behavioral intention to shop online. In addition, PEOU have a positive direct effect on PU. Discussion of practical implications of the results was included.
Kidney transplantation without calcineurin inhibitor drugs: a prospective, randomized trial of sirolimus versus cyclosporine1

Background. Progressive nephrotoxicity caused by calcineurin inhibitor drugs contributes to the long-term decline in renal function in kidney transplant patients. Methods. We conducted a randomized, prospective trial of calcineurin inhibitor drug avoidance in 61 adult primary kidney transplant recipients. Each patient received induction therapy with 20 mg basiliximab on days 0 and 4, and maintenance therapy with mycophenolate mofetil 1 g two times per day and steroids. Thirty-one patients received sirolimus, 5 mg daily after a 15-mg loading dose. Doses were then concentration-controlled to keep 24-hr trough levels at 10 to 12 ng/mL for 6 months and 5 to 10 ng/mL thereafter. Thirty patients began cyclosporine therapy at 6 to 8 mg/kg per day in divided doses and were then concentration-controlled to keep 12-hr troughs of 200 to 250 ng/mL. Results. Mean follow-up is 18.1 months (range, 12–26 months). The percentages of 1-year patient survival, graft survival, and biopsy-confirmed acute rejection rates were not significantly different between the sirolimus-treated patients (96.7%, 96.7%, and 6.4%, respectively) and the cyclosporine-treated patients (100%, 95.4%, and 16.6%, respectively). At 6 and 12 months, respectively, the sirolimus-treated patients enjoyed significantly better (P =0.008 and P =0.004) mean serum creatinine levels (1.29 and 1.32 mg/dL) and calculated creatinine clearances (77.8 and 81.1 mL/min) than cyclosporine-treated patients (1.74 and 1.78 mg/dL, and 64.1 and 61.1 mL/min, respectively). Sirolimus-treated recipients have significantly (P =0.001) higher 1-year trough levels of mycophenolic acid (4.16 ng/mL) than cyclosporine-treated patients (1.93 ng/mL). Sirolimus also delays the repopulation of basiliximab-depleted CD25+ T cells compared with cyclosporine. Conclusions. Calcineurin inhibitor drug avoidance with basiliximab induction and sirolimus provides comparable 1-year transplant outcomes, with significantly better renal function in primary renal allograft recipients.
Copper-free click chemistry in living animals

Chemical reactions that enable selective biomolecule labeling in living organisms offer a means to probe biological processes in vivo. Very few reactions possess the requisite bioorthogonality, and, among these, only the Staudinger ligation between azides and triarylphosphines has been employed for direct covalent modification of biomolecules with probes in the mouse, an important model organism for studies of human disease. Here we explore an alternative bioorthogonal reaction, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides and cyclooctynes, also known as “Cu-free click chemistry,” for labeling biomolecules in live mice. Mice were administered peracetylated N-azidoacetylmannosamine (Ac4ManNAz) to metabolically label cell-surface sialic acids with azides. After subsequent injection with cyclooctyne reagents, glycoconjugate labeling was observed on isolated splenocytes and in a variety of tissues including the intestines, heart, and liver, with no apparent toxicity. The cyclooctynes tested displayed various labeling efficiencies that likely reflect the combined influence of intrinsic reactivity and bioavailability. These studies establish Cu-free click chemistry as a bioorthogonal reaction that can be executed in the physiologically relevant context of a mouse.
Optimal Incentive Schemes in Bottleneck Constrained Production Environments

This paper analyzes the design of incentives and control measures in a manufacturing setting. In the environment we consider, the output of one operation serves as the input for a second operation, where there is a bottleneck; inputs must be processed at both workstations to produce the final output. Thus, high production volume at the first operation does not translate into high benefits to the owner unless the output is subsequently processed at the second workstation. This is a familiar context in manufacturing management (Lawrence and Buss [1992]). Critics such as Goldratt [1990] argue that in these situations, typical cost accounting efficiency measurements motivate the nonbottleneck operation to produce output beyond the available capacity of the bottleneck resource, leading to waste and excess work-in-process inventories. However, workers at the nonbottleneck operation can be induced not to overproduce if restricting production is desired by the owner. We characterize management accounting practices and incentive arrangements that balance output production at nonbottleneck operations with the input demands of the bottleneck facility.
Reduction of the electron density in GaAs-AlxGa1-xAs single heterojunctions by continuous photoexcitation.

En utilisant le magnetotransport et l'optique magnetique, on demontre que par photoexcitation continue par une lumiere laser, la concentration d'electrons 2D dans l'heterojonction GaAs-Al x Ga 1-x peut decroitre fortement par comparaison a la valeur obtenue dans l'obscurite apres illumination. L'amplitude de l'effet depend de la longueur d'onde et de l'intensite lumineuse ainsi que de la concentration en donneurs dans Al x Ga 1-x As. La reduction de la concentration 2D est plus grande si l'energie des photons est superieure au gap de bande de Al x Ga 1-x As. La decroissance observee de la concentration n'est pas accompagnee de la reduction de la mobilite des electrons 2D et est importante pour des investigations optiques de l'effet Hall quantique et de la cristallisation Wigner