Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Removing Left Recursion from Context-Free Grammars

A long-standing issue regarding algorithms that manipulate context-free grammars (CFGs) in a "top-down" left-to-right fashion is that left recursion can lead to nontermination. An algorithm is known that transforms any CFG into an equivalent nonleft-recursive CFG, but the resulting grammars are often too large for practical use. We present a new method for removing left recursion from CFGs that is both theoretically superior to the standard algorithm, and produces very compact non-left-recursive CFGs in practice.
Yet Another Java Based Discrete-Event Simulation Library

JAPROSIM is a well designed library, free and open source that adopts the popular process-interaction worldview. It is implemented in Java programming language allowing deep access to its powerful features and can serve as a basis for the development of dedicated object- oriented simulation environments. The paper presents architecture and major components of the library. The process-interaction world view adopted by JAPROSIM is discussed. A modeling example is given in order to highlight JAPROSIM capabilities. Important features of JAPROSIM are summarized and suggestions for improving our work are given.
Nucleic Acids Research

The region of the IncN plasmid R46 coding for resistance to ,B-lactam antibiotics, streptomycin/spectinomycin and sulphonamides is closely related to antibiotic resistance segments found in IncW plasmids and in Tn2l-like transposons ABSTRACT The nucleotide sequence of a 2.5 kb segment of the pKM101 (R46) genome has been determined. The 1.3 kb from a BamIHI site at 153 to base 1440 differs by only 2 bases from a part of the published sequence (1) of the aadB (gentamicin resistance) gene region including the coding region for the N-tenrninal 70 amino acids of the predicted aadB product. The same sequence has been found (1) 5'-to the dhrII gene of R388 and to the aadA gene of Tn2l (R538-1). Three open reading frames are located in this region, two on the same strand as the resistance genes and one on the complementary strand. The latter predicts a polypeptide of 337 amino acids, whose N-terminal segment is 40% homologous to the predicted product of an open reading frame of 179 amino acids located next to the dhfrI gene of Tn7 (2). The oxa2 (oxacillin resistance) gene predicts a long polypeptide commencing with (the N-terminal) 70 amino acids of the aadB product. A similar arrangement is found in the aadA gene of R538-1 (3). The N-terminal segment of an aadA gene is located 3'- to oxa2, separated by 36 bases. Sequences surrounding the BamHI site are identical to sequences 5'- to the tnpM gene of Tn2l (4,5) and homology ceases where homology between Tn2J and TnSOJ commences (4). The possibility that this antibiotic resistance segment is a discrete mobile DNA element is discussed.
Targeted Overexpression of Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-4 Modifies Post–Myocardial Infarction Remodeling in Mice

Rationale: Myocardial infarction (MI) causes an imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and is associated with adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling. A uniform reduction in TIMP-4 post-MI has been observed. Objective: To examine post-MI remodeling with cardiac-restricted overexpression of TIMP-4, either through a transgenic or viral delivery approach. Methods and Results: MI was induced in mice and then randomized to targeted injection of an adenoviral construct (10 &mgr;L; 8×109 plaque forming units/mL) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and the full-length human TIMP-4 (Ad-GFP-TIMP4) or GFP. A transgenic construct with cardiac-restricted overexpression TIMP-4 (hTIMP-4exp) was used in a parallel set of studies. LV end-diastolic volume, an index of LV remodeling, increased by >60% from baseline at 5 days post-MI and by >100% at 21 days post-MI in the Ad-GFP only group. However, LV dilation was reduced by ≈50% in both the Ad-GFP-TIMP4 and hTIMP-4exp groups at these post-MI time points. LV ejection fraction was improved with either Ad-GFP-TIMP-4 or hTIMP-4exp. Fibrillar collagen expression and content were increased within the MI region with both TIMP-4 interventions, suggestive of matrix stabilization. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate that selective myocardial targeting for TIMP-4 induction through either a viral or transgenic approach favorably altered the course of adverse LV remodeling post-MI. Thus, localized induction of endogenous matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, such as TIMP-4, holds promise as a means to interrupt the progression of post-MI remodeling.
The haptic chair as a speech training aid for the deaf

The 'Haptic Chair' (Nanayakkara et al., 2009, 2010) delivers vibrotactile stimulation to several parts of the body including the palmar surface of the hand (palm and fingers), and has been shown to have a significant positive effect on the enjoyment of music even by the profoundly deaf. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of using the Haptic Chair during speech therapy for the deaf. Based on evidence we present from a 12-week pilot user study, a follow-up 24-week study with 20 profoundly deaf users was conducted to validate our initial observations. The improvements in word clarity we observed over the duration of these studies indicate that the Haptic Chair has the potential to make a significant contribution to speech therapy for the deaf.
Toolkit for the development of Interactive Collaborative Environments: architecture and proof of concept

Although during the last years the Interactive Collaborative Environments (ICEs) are offering new possibilities and opportunities to integrate new physical interactions modalities, they also bring new challenges for designers and developers. For that reason, the development of tools that facilitate the creation of applications for ICEs is needed. In this work the architecture of a tool of this kind is proposed together with a proof of concept. The base of this proposal is TUIML, an abstraction model for tangible interfaces that has been re-interpreted by the authors to support ubiquitous interfaces such as ICEs.
Slovenian Pattern Recognition Society , Ljubljana , Slovenia Improving Tracking Using Structure ∗

S. B. López Mármol, N. M. Artner, M. Iglesias, W. Kropatsch, M. Clabian, and W. Burger 1 PRIP, Vienna University of Technology, Austria {salva, krw, mabel}@prip.tuwien. ac.at 2 smart systems, Vienna, Austria {nicole.artner, markus.clabian}@arcs.ac.at 3 Advanced Technologies Applications Center, Havana, Cuba miglesias@cenatav.co.cu 4 Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Hagenberg, Austria wilhelm.burger@fh-hagenberg.at 5 Computational Topology and Applied Mathematics, University of Seville, Spain sallopmar@alum.us. es
Capgras syndrome in Dementia with Lewy Bodies

ABSTRACT Background: Capgras syndrome is characterized by the recurrent, transient belief that a person has been replaced by an identical imposter. We reviewed clinical characteristics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) patients with Capgras syndrome compared to those without Capgras. Methods: We identified 55 consecutive DLB patients (11 cases with Capgras syndrome (DLB-C) and 44 cases without evidence of Capgras (DLB). Semi-structured interviews with the patient and an informant, neurological exams, and neuropsychological testing were performed. Caregivers were assessed for caregiver burden and depression. Primary comparisons were made between DLB-C and DLB. Exploratory analyses using stepwise logistic regression and bootstrap analyses were performed to determine clinical features associated with Capgras. Results: DLB-C patients experienced more visual hallucinations and self-reported anxiety, had higher scores on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and were less likely to be treated with cholinesterase inhibitors at time of initial evaluation. Extrapyramidal symptoms and depression were not associated with Capgras. Caregivers of DLB-C patients had higher caregiver burden. DLB-C was associated with self-reported anxiety (OR = 10.9; 95% CI = 2.6–47.6). In a bootstrap analysis, clinical findings that were predictors of Capgras included visual hallucinations (log(OR) = 18.3; 95% CI = 17.9–19.3) and anxiety (log(OR) = 2.9; 95% CI = 0.31–20.2). Conclusions: Our study suggests that Capgras syndrome is common in DLB and usually occurs in the presence of anxiety and visual hallucinations, suggesting related etiopathogenesis. Early appreciation of Capgras syndrome may afford the opportunity to alleviate caregiver burden and improve patient and caregiver outcomes.
UNSUPERVISED ONTOLOGY POPULATION USING LATENT SEMANTIC ANALYSIS

A large ontology such as lexical ontology is useful as the basic knowledge base in artificial intelligence and computational linguistics application. However, it is insufficient to recognize only existing instances for each concept. Adding new instances into the lexical ontology will expand knowledge in the system. In this paper, we propose an efficient unsupervised ontology population system that classifies new instances into a corresponding lexical ontology concept. Compared to previous related works, it does not require manual preprocessing to prepare training data. In terms of processing time, it does not need to search for many concepts in the lexical ontology. Our system employs latent semantic analysis together with context voting to find the appropriate concept of the instance. In sum, the system achieves higher accuracy when the lexical ontology contains a lot of concepts, which generally occurs in practical problems.
Modulus of elasticity prediction model on sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) lumber using online near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic system

In this study, static bending measurements and online NIR spectra acquisitions were combined to construct modulus of elasticity (MOE) prediction model for sugi lumber. NIR spectra were acquired from tangential surface of sugi lumbers at a speed of 120 m min−1 to assess its effectiveness in the wood industry. Cross-validation partial least squares regression (CV-PLSR) and test-set-validation partial least squares regression (TSV-PLSR) analyses were employed for analysing the data. The second derivative (2d) spectra with 19 smoothing points (Savitzky–Golay algorithm, second polynomial) gave the best result as spectral pre-processing treatment with the lowest root mean square error of cross-validation and the highest coefficient of determination for cross-validation based on the optimum number of latent variables as assessed from the minimum validation residual variance value in the CV-PLSR analysis. These 2d spectra were then used in the TSV-PLSR analysis for 100 repetitions to check the robustness of the calibration.
Cross-Layer Routing and Scheduling for Onboard Processing Satellites with Phased Array Antenna

The advanced multibeam satellite equipped with phased array antenna and solid state power amplifiers can generate flexible beams, by managing interbeam interference to serve a very large number of users effectively over its coverage area. Onboard processing (OBP) functionality can enhance the flexibility of a large-scale antenna by speeding up computational processes and saving precious radio link spectrum. In this paper, we derive a cross-layer OBP design of switching/routing, beamforming, and user scheduling as taking advantage of fine spatial resolution capability of phased array antenna satellites. We evaluate tradeoff between OBP computational complexity and throughput performance, showing that the additional complexity of an increased number of switch ports and phased array antenna gain patterning is compensated by high throughput gain achieved by mitigating interference. Our analysis shows that throughput gain for the next generation satellite system can be as high as 40, compared with the conventional multiple beam antenna with travelling wave tube amplifiers, and that beamforming is critical for achieving high spectral efficiency in the crowded service area. We then investigate the impacts of onboard switching and phased array antenna beamforming to practical routing protocols, such as open short path first and routing information protocol.
Semantic Extraction from Texts

Text documents are one of the means to store information. These documents can be found on personal desktop computers, intranets and in the Web. Thus the valuable knowledge is embedded in an unstructured form. Having an automated system that can extract information from the texts is very desirable. However, the major challenging issue in developing such an automated system is a natural language is not free from ambiguity and uncertainty problems. Thus semantic extraction remains a challenging task to researchers in this area. In this paper, a new framework to extract semantics for information extraction is proposed, where possibility theory, fuzzy sets, and knowledge about the subject and preceding sentence have been used as the key in resolving the ambiguity and uncertainty problems.
Enamel and dentine of deciduous teeth Er:YAG laser prepared. A SEM study.

AIM The aim of this study was to observe dentine and enamel surfaces of deciduous teeth under SEM after cavity preparation with Er:YAG laser using different fluences. The results showed that when using Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation in deciduous teeth, no carbonisation or cracks were observed on the enamel and dentine surfaces using energy output between 150-250 Mj, and frequency 15 Hz. The SEM images of the dentine and enamel surfaces were similar to previous studies on permanent teeth: enamel with a typical "lava flow" appearance as a result of an open core of the prism that has lost its typical hexagonal aspect and the dentine with opened tubules plus a difference in the mineral thickness between peritubular and intertubular. CONCLUSION The difference between the SEM images of deciduous enamel and dentine when using three different energies (150-200-250 mJ) is not significant in order to recommend the use of one type of output energy. In addition, the SEM images are similar TO those of permanent teeth.
Acoustical characteristics of water sounds for soundscape enhancement in urban open spaces.

The goal of the present study is to characterize water sounds that can be used in urban open spaces to mask road traffic noise. Sounds and visual images of a number of water features located in urban open places were obtained and subsequently analyzed in terms of psychoacoustical metrics and acoustical measures. Laboratory experiments were then conducted to investigate which water sound is appropriate for masking urban noise. The experiments consisted of two sessions: (1) Audio-only condition and (2) combined audio-visual condition. Subjective responses to stimuli were rated through the use of preference scores and 15 adjectives. The results of the experiments revealed that preference scores for the urban soundscape were affected by the acoustical characteristics of water sounds and visual images of water features; Sharpness that was used to explain the spectral envelopes of water sounds was proved to be a dominant factor for urban soundscape perception; and preferences regarding the urban soundscape were significantly related to adjectives describing "freshness" and "calmness. "
Forecast Urban Air Pollution in Mexico City by Using Support Vector Machines: A Kernel Performance Approach

The development of forecasting models for pollution particles shows a nonlinear dynamic behavior; hence, implementation is a non-trivial process. In the literature, there have been multiple models of particulate pollutants, which use softcomputing techniques and machine learning such as: multilayer perceptrons, neural networks, support vector machines, kernel algorithms, and so on. This paper presents a prediction pollution model using support vector machines and kernel functions, which are: Gaussian, Polynomial and Spline. Finally, the prediction results of ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at Mexico City are presented as a case study using these techniques.
Bacteriocin from Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213: comparative studies with megacin A-216

A bacteriocin produced by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213 was identified, purified, and compared with megacin A from B. megaterium 216. The ATCC 19213 bacteriocin was inducible with mitomycin C and showed phospholipase A activity. Both megacin A-216 and megacin A-19213 contained two dissimilar polypeptide subunits. Megacin A-216 contains a 30,000-dalton alpha subunit and a 15,000-dalton beta subunit. Megacin A-19213 is composed of an alpha subunit 18,000 daltons in mass and a beta subunit about 7,500 daltons in mass. No sequence similarities between alpha and beta subunits of either megacin were detected. The two megacins were further distinguished by quantitative differences in activity spectra and by immunodiffusion analyses.
Scaling 2-layer RRAM cross-point array towards 10 nm node: A device-circuit co-design

The resistive random access memory (RRAM) technology is a promising candidate for the replacement of NAND FLASH at ultra-scaled nodes. In this work, the scalability of a 2-layer RRAM cross-point array architecture is explored towards the 10 nm node. Device-circuit co-design methodologies are employed to optimize the array architecture. The impact of sneak paths, IR drop along the wire interconnect and RRAM device characteristics are investigated by HSPICE simulations and the memory array organization and partition are optimized by NVSim simulations. It is found that increasing the I-V nonlinearity of a memory cell by adding a cell selector helps maintain the write voltage margin at scaled nodes. With the scaling, the maximum sub-array size decreases due to the IR drop constraint thus the memory architecture evolves to a finer granularity. At the 10 nm node, by hiding a portion of the peripheral circuitry underneath the memory array, a 2-layer RRAM bank is projected to achieve ultra-high density ~3.43 Gb/mm2, and can enable fast write bandwith ~ 300 MB/s and read bandwidth ~1 GB/s.
Crystal Structure of an Aquabirnavirus Particle: Insights into Antigenic Diversity and Virulence Determinism

ABSTRACT Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), a pathogen of salmon and trout, imposes a severe toll on the aquaculture and sea farming industries. IPNV belongs to the Aquabirnavirus genus in the Birnaviridae family of bisegmented double-stranded RNA viruses. The virions are nonenveloped with a T=13l icosahedral capsid made by the coat protein VP2, the three-dimensional (3D) organization of which is known in detail for the family prototype, the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) of poultry. A salient feature of the birnavirus architecture is the presence of 260 trimeric spikes formed by VP2, projecting radially from the capsid. The spikes carry the principal antigenic sites as well as virulence and cell adaptation determinants. We report here the 3.4-Å resolution crystal structure of a subviral particle (SVP) of IPNV, containing 20 VP2 trimers organized with icosahedral symmetry. We show that, as expected, the SVPs have a very similar organization to the IBDV counterparts, with VP2 exhibiting the same overall 3D fold. However, the spikes are significantly different, displaying a more compact organization with tighter packing about the molecular 3-fold axis. Amino acids controlling virulence and cell culture adaptation cluster differently at the top of the spike, i.e., in a central bowl in IBDV and at the periphery in IPNV. In contrast, the spike base features an exposed groove, conserved across birnavirus genera, which contains an integrin-binding motif. Thus, in addition to revealing the viral antigenic determinants, the structure suggests that birnaviruses interact with different receptors for attachment and for cell internalization during entry.
Ripple 2.0

Routability is one of the most important problems in high-performance circuit designs. From the viewpoint of placement design, two major factors cause routing congestion: (i) interconnections between cells and (ii) connections on macro blockages. In this article, we present a routability-driven placer, Ripple 2.0, which emphasizes both kinds of routing congestion. Several techniques will be presented, including (i) cell inflation with routing path consideration, (ii) congested cluster optimization, (iii) routability-driven cell spreading, and (iv) simultaneous routing and placement for routability refinement. With the official evaluation protocol, Ripple 2.0 outperforms other published academic routability-driven placers. Compared with top results in the ICCAD 2012 contest, Ripple 2.0 achieves a better detailed routing solution obtained by a commercial router.
I-V characteristic behavior of BSCCO-2223 superconductor under low intensity DC magnetic fields a Home-Made Experiment

Electrical characterization of superconductor materials exposed to external magnetic field play a important role for many technological applications. In this paper, the electrical characterization of Bi-2223 pellet prepared by conventional route was performed. The electrical resistance temperaturedependence (RxT), showed a superconductor transition at around 105 K. The current-voltage (I-V) behavior under magnetic field and temperature has been investigated, the results point to a powerlaw dependence between the electrical current (I) and applied voltage (V), at different conditions, as described by the literature. The external DC magnetic field, was produced by a simple home-made apparatus, where a simple copper coil was used to produce an external DC magnetic field between 2,0 mT and 8,0 mT. Then, the dependence of the critical current (Ic) on magnetic field and temperature has been studied, revealing a double step behavior DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.30609/JETI.2018-2.5682
Multi-User Networked Interactive Augmented Reality Card Game

Many efforts to improve interaction in virtual and augmented reality applications do so by including tactile elements to create a link between virtual objects and actions. It is also important to add collaboration, expanding single user interaction to networked user to user interaction. In this paper, we describe a networked virtual card game for multiple users based on a collaborative virtual environment. This game is a networked augmented reality game that uses an inexpensive tangible card flipping device allowing the system to be used in homes, museums, schools. The game is easy to set up and capable of hosting several remote users in a distributed system. We constructed two card flipping devices so we can show complete experimental results with two computers and their corresponding hardware interfaces
Automatic classification of pavement crack using deep convolutional neural network

ABSTRACT The classification of pavement crack heavily relies on the engineers’ experience or the hand-crafted algorithms. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has demonstrated to be useful for image classification, which provides an alternative to traditional imaging classification algorithms. This paper proposes a novel method using deep CNN to automatically classify image patches cropped from 3D pavement images. In all, four supervised CNNs with different sizes of receptive field are successfully trained. The experimental results demonstrate that all the proposed CNNs can perform the classification with a high accuracy. Overall classification accuracy of each proposed CNN is above 94%. Upon the evaluation of these neural networks with respect to accuracy and training time, we find that the size of receptive field has a slight effect on the classification accuracy. However, the CNNs with smaller size of receptive field require more training times than others.