Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regular physical activity prevents development of chronic muscle pain through modulation of supraspinal opioid and serotonergic mechanisms

Introduction: It is generally believed that exercise produces its effects by activating central opioid receptors; there are little data that support this claim. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) are key nuclei in opioid-induced analgesia, and opioids interact with serotonin to produce analgesia. Objectives: The purpose was to examine central inhibitory mechanisms involved in analgesia produced by wheel running. Methods: C57/Black6 mice were given access to running wheels in their home cages before induction of chronic muscle hyperalgesia and compared with those without running wheels. Systemic, intra-PAG, and intra-RVM naloxone tested the role of central opioid receptors in the antinociceptive effects of wheel running in animals with muscle insult. Immunohistochemistry for the serotonin transporter (SERT) in the spinal cord and RVM, and pharmacological blockade of SERT, tested whether the serotonin system was modulated by muscle insult and wheel running. Results: Wheel running prevented the development of muscle hyperalgesia. Systemic naloxone, intra-PAG naloxone, and intra-RVM naloxone reversed the antinociceptive effect of wheel running in animals that had received muscle insult. Induction of chronic muscle hyperalgesia increased SERT in the RVM, and blockade of SERT reversed the hyperalgesia in sedentary animals. Wheel running reduced SERT expression in animals with muscle insult. The serotonin transporter in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord was unchanged after muscle insult, but increased after wheel running. Conclusion: These data support the hypothesis that wheel running produced analgesia through central inhibitory mechanisms involving opioidergic and serotonergic systems.
Country Profile: Slovenia

Slovenia faces dilemmas and uncertainty in the development of health care but these do not differ from those encountered in most European countries. They include how to preserve health and social security in the light of a situation that will be marked by the problems of an ageing population, a related increase in chronic degenerative diseases, and growing needs and requirements for health care services. The Slovenian health care system remains relatively centralized and the self-governing communities still have limited responsibility. Privatization of health care delivery is taking place gradually in health centres and homes for elderly people. Very few private, for profit hospitals exist in Slovenia, with no more than 50 beds in total. The nurse education system is now adapting to the EU systems, and education has to be adjusted to the European Credit Transfer System agreed by the Bologna Declaration.
JIBCA: Jaccard Index based Clustering Algorithm for Mining Online Review

analysis, also known as opinion mining, is the analysis of the feelings (i.e. attitudes, emotions and opinions) behind the words. Sentiment analysis involves classifying the opinions as positive, negative, or neutral. Classification of textual objects in accordance with sentiment is considered to be a more difficult task than classification of textual objects in accordance with the content because opinions in natural language can be expressed in subtle and complex ways containing slang, ambiguity, sarcasm, irony, and idiom. This paper investigates the problem of sentiment analysis of online review. A Jaccard index based clustering algorithm (JIBCA) is proposed to support mining online reviews and predicting sales performance. The information gain is the change in information by considering number of datasets. The performance of information gain varies depending on the dataset. It is observed that the information gain performed better in JIBCA than existing methods for the movie review dataset. It is therefore recommended that JIBCA can be a good feature selection method for sentiment classification tasks. This paper also proposes a new approach for movie reviews classification based on extraction and analysis of appraisal groups such as action, thrill, comedy, and romantic.
The comparative analysis of modelling of simscape physical plant system design and armature-controlled system design of DC motor

In many fields of science, technology and production uses fast processes, high-speed devices, higher modes and interaction among different objects and materials. In this regard, there is the problem of developing fast actuators that could support and implement high speed movement of the various actuators. DC motors are widely used in industry, transportation, robotic control system and other applications that require a broad and smooth speed control (rolling mills, powerful machine tools, electric traction in transport, etc.). Nowadays stability and accuracy are required for the automatic control system. This paper presents a DC motor speed controlling system under load conditions and with Torque-variation is designed using PID controller. A MATLAB/SIMULINK platform is used to observe the system response of the DC motor with no-load and full-load conditions. On the other hand, the physical design requires that a mechanical system and its control system should be designed as an integrated system. So, this paper discusses how MATLAB and SIMULINK can be operated to ensure the PID control of a mechatronic system design and Armature-Controlled system.
Effects of Foreign Takeovers

In this empirical paper I address the e ects of international mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on the acquired rms. International direct investments in the home country are usually welcomed and considered to be bene cial for growth, employment, productivity and technological progress. This is mostly unquestioned for green eld investments, i.e. the case when a foreign multinational rm sets up a new a liate. But a majority of foreign direct investment (FDI) projects takes the form of mergers and acquisitions (M&A). This kind of inward FDI is much more critically debated. The focal point of this paper is the development of domestic German rms that are subject to a foreign takeover regarding employment and productivity. For this purpose, I use a comprehensive German micro-level dataset which includes all industries as well as rms from all size categories and all German regions. The sample covers the years from 2000 to 2007. A propensity score matching approach combined with a di erence-indi erence estimator is applied. Contrary to a naive comparison between foreign-owned rms and domestic rms or a comparison between rm characteristics before and after a foreign takeover, this econometric approach ensures that the causal e ects are isolated. The main results are the following: Foreign owned rms are larger and more productive than domestic ones. Mostly rms with below average productivity (lemons) as well as rms with a relatively high productivity (cherries) are acquired. Market development motives seem to play an important role for foreign acquisitions. Concerning the e ects of foreign takeovers, a descriptive analysis cannot nd unambiguous e ects of foreign takeovers. The propensity score matching estimator con rms this nding and detects neither positive nor negative signi cant e ects of foreign takeovers.
Investigation of the dynamic characteristics of a coaxial magnetic gear under loading condition based on analytical model

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of a coaxial magnetic gear (CMG) system by using the analytical model of the CMG, which provides a quick and accurate method to predict the dynamic performance of the CMG. The dynamic characteristics under different conditions such as start-up and the abrupt load changes are studied. Moreover, the dynamic pull-out torque which may cause loss of synchronism for the CMG is also estimated by simulation. The dynamic pull-out torque which is smaller than the static pull-out torque, is relative to additional sudden load, changing rate of load and external load at the start-up time instant.
A Novel Three-phase Rectifier Based on Improved PID Control Algorithm

The three-phase rectifier based on traditional PID control algorithm can improve its harmonic effect, and increase its power factor, but it can’t overcome the problems of selection difficulty of the PID parameters and can realize the online self-turning function of the PID parameters. In order to deal with the questions, the three phase rectifier based on neural network PID control algorithm is designed in this paper. In this paper, the PID parameters of the novel rectifier can realize the function of the online self-turning, which increases the design efficiency and the control accuracy. The simulation results show that the three phase rectifier based on improved PID control algorithm can decrease the harmonic pollution and increase its power factor. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i1. 1910 Full Text: PDF
Insights into the use and affordances of social and collaborative applications for student projects

The use of social and collaborative computing has the potential of assisting learning and improving the ability to work together as part of a team. Team work is a graduate attribute that students need to acquire before transitioning from university into the workplace. The aim of this exploratory research was to provide insights into the use of social and collaborative applications by Computer Science students, and the emergent affordances student project teams have created with the use of these applications. It answers the questions: What elearning platforms or applications do students use to collaborate for team projects? What technology affordance draws students to use these applications? This study adopts affordance theory as the theoretical framework. Two types of content analysis: conventional content analysis and summative content analysis were used to analyse the data. Data was gathered using a pre-designed questionnaire with the teams during the first semester of 2016. Findings show that the university’s elearning platform is utilised for some of their courses; however students seem to prefer free and open source platforms. Student project teams used applications such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Dropbox, Google Drive, Google Docs, as well as email messages, to work jointly, and were successfully able to complete their team projects. Four types of technology affordances: communicative-affordance, document share-affordance, course resource-affordance, and integrity-affordance, were identified as being relevant.
Chemodectoma in a horse.

Athirteen-year-old 700 kg Quarter Horse gelding was presented to the Purdue University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with a history of exercise intolerance and substernal dependent edema. Two weeks prior to admission, swelling on both sides of the head and in the intermandibular space had been noted. The swelling had disappeared in five days, subsequent to treatment with antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. A week later, substernal swelling reappeared. At that time, the gelding was febrile (39-40°C), its appetite had decreased, and the owner had noticed that the horse would tire easily when walking in the pasture. Treatment with various antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs had not improved the condition. On presentation, clinical signs included normal rectal temperature (37.8°C) but elevated heart rate (62/min) and respiratory rate (50/min). Plaques of nonpainful subcutaneous edema were present in the pectoral, sternal, and umbilical regions and there was flaring of the nostrils during expiration. Auscultation of the chest revealed bilaterally increased lung sounds dorsally and muffled sounds ventral to the point of the shoulder. Percussion revealed hyporesonance below a horizontal line coinciding with the area of ventral dullness. Hematological and serum biochemistry analysis values were normal except for a mild normocytic, normochromic anemia (PCV 32 L/L; MCV 49 fL; MCHC 35%), lymphopenia (0.8 x 109/L), and increased activity of serum lactate dehydrogenase (3550 U/L, reference range 379-750 U/L). Ultrasonography demonstrated free fluid in the thoracic cavity as well as the presence of small masses caudal and lateral to the heart. Cranial to the heart, there was a large mediastinal mass. The mass was multilobulated, of a homogeneous sonolucent texture, and it contained foci of increased echogenicity. Cytological examination of a transtracheal aspirate was unremarkable. A sample of pleural fluid had the characteristics of a modified transudate (total protein 34 g/L; nucleated cells 4 x 109/L; red blood cells 170 x 109/L) (1). No neoplastic cells or infectious agents were seen. Protein content and cellularity of the peritoneal fluid were slightly increased (total protein 38 g/L; nucleated cells 7.5 x 109/L; red blood cells 42 x 109/L) and consistent with mild nonspecific inflammation. An ultrasound-guided aspirate of the
INHIBITION OF ENZYMES

Cytochrome oxidase and catalase are not regarded as sulfhydryldependent enzymes (1). The inhibition of the former by organic mercurial compounds (2) has been thought to involve denaturation (3) rather than interaction with sulfhydryl groups, and it has been suggested that the mercurial inhibition of catalase is also non-specific (4). Because the protein molecule contains reactive groups other than sulfhydryl, it is conceivable that the mercurial compounds might inhibit by interaction with such groups. Therefore, we have tested the ease of reaction of the phenylmercury ion with such groups in simple compounds. The resulting mercury compounds have, in turn, been compared to phenylmercury hydroxide for their effects on the cytochrome oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and succinoxidase systems.
Restoration of images degraded by signal-dependent noise based on energy minimization: an empirical study

Abstract. Most energy minimization-based restoration methods are developed for signal-independent Gaussian noise. The assumption of Gaussian noise distribution leads to a quadratic data fidelity term, which is appealing in optimization. When an image is acquired with a photon counting device, it contains signal-dependent Poisson or mixed Poisson–Gaussian noise. We quantify the loss in performance that occurs when a restoration method suited for Gaussian noise is utilized for mixed noise. Signal-dependent noise can be treated by methods based on either classical maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability approach or on a variance stabilization approach (VST). We compare performances of these approaches on a large image material and observe that VST-based methods outperform those based on MAP in both quality of restoration and in computational efficiency. We quantify improvement achieved by utilizing Huber regularization instead of classical total variation regularization. The conclusion from our study is a recommendation to utilize a VST-based approach combined with regularization by Huber potential for restoration of images degraded by blur and signal-dependent noise. This combination provides a robust and flexible method with good performance and high speed.
Improving Graph-Based Image Segmentation Using Nonlinear Color Similarity Metrics

We present a new segmentation method called weighted Felzenszwalb and Huttenlocher (WFH), an improved version of the well-known graph-based segmentation method, Felzenszwalb and Huttenlocher (FH). Our algorithm uses a nonlinear discrimination function based on polynomial Mahalanobis Distance (PMD) as the color similarity metric. Two empirical validation experiments were performed using as a golden standard ground truths (GTs) from a publicly available source, the Berkeley dataset, and an objective segmentation quality measure, the Rand dissimilarity index. In the first experiment the results were compared against the original FH method. In the second, WFH was compared against several well-known segmentation methods. In both cases, WFH presented significant better similarity results when compared with the golden standard and segmentation results presented a reduction of over-segmented regions.
New Developments in Solid Electrolytes for Thin-Film Lithium Batteries

Research on lithium-ion secondary batteries began in the 1980s because of the growing demand for power sources for portable electronic devices. After the early 1990s, the demands for higher capacities and even smaller sizes energy systems significantly increased. Further, the explosive growth in the use of limited fossil fuels and their associated environmental issues and economical aspects are major concerns. Hence, the enormous growth in the demand for low-cost, environmentally friendly energy sources over the past decade has generated a significant need for high energy density portable energy sources.
Comparison of full-field electroretinogram in diabetic and non diabetic dogs with cataracts

Being the commonest ocular disorder, dense cataracts disable fundoscopic examination and the diagnosis of retinal disorders, which dogs may be predisposed. The aim of this study was to compare the electroretinographic responses recorded according to the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision human protocol to evaluate retinal function of diabetic and non diabetic dogs, both presenting mature or hypermature cataracts. Full-field electroretinogram was recorded from 66 dogs, with ages varying from 6 to 15 years old allocated into two groups: (1) CG, non diabetic cataractous dogs, and (2) DG, diabetic cataractous dogs. Mean peak-to-peak amplitude (microvolts) and b-wave implicit time (milliseconds) were determined for each of the five standard full-field ERG responses (rod response, maximal response, oscillatory potentials, single-flash cone response and 30 Hz flicker). Comparing CG to DG, ERGs recorded from diabetic dogs presented lower amplitude and prolonged b-wave implicit time in all ERG responses. Prolonged b-wave implicit time was statistically significant (p< 0.05) at 30 Hz flicker (24.0 ms versus 22.4 ms). These data suggests full-field ERG is capable to record sensible alterations, such as flicker's implicit time, being useful to investigate retinal dysfunction in diabetic dogs.
Touch sensing by image analysis of fingernail

In this paper, we propose a new method to recognize finger contact by image analysis, which does not disturb userpsilas tactile feeling. When a finger touches a desktop surface, the color pattern of its nail changes from pink to white. The appearance change of the nail can be used to distinguish the finger contact onto a desktop surface by image matching between a camera image and a fingertip image database. Due to high dimensionality of the database, we apply EigenNail method based on principal component analysis (PCA) to realize the quick image matching.
Strategies for AIDS Prevention

A culturally congruent training program to promote HIV risk-reduction behaviors was implemented in a convenient sample of 9 African-American women in an urban methadone treatment program. At each of eight peer counseling and leadership training (PCLT) program sessions, the transmission and prevention of AIDS were discussed while emphasizing enhancement of participants' self-esteem, confidence, and control over high-risk behaviors. The results indicate that support of the women helped develop their sense of purpose and self-worth, reduced sexual and drug use practices associated with risk for HIV and AIDS infection, and promoted assumption of leadership roles and dissemination of accurate AIDS-related information in their communities. It was apparent that knowledge alone does not change behavior if it conflicts with established norms, values, beliefs, and life-styles and that individuals who have a sense of personal control are more willing to explore alternative lower-risk behaviors.
Involvement of NLK and Sox11 in neural induction in Xenopus development

Background : The Wnt signal transduction pathway regulates various aspects of embryonal development and has been implicated in promoting cancer. Signalling by Wnts leads to the stabilization of cytosolic β‐catenin, which then associates with TCF transcription factors to regulate expression of Wnt‐target genes. The Wnt pathway is further subject to cross‐regulation at various levels by other components.
A practical guide to methods of parentage analysis

The use of molecular techniques for parentage analysis has been a booming science for over a decade. The most important technological breakthrough was the introduction of microsatellite markers to molecular ecology, an advance that was accompanied by a proliferation and refinement of statistical techniques for the analysis of parentage data. Over the last several years, we have seen steady progress in a number of areas related to parentage analysis, and the prospects for successful studies continue to improve. Here, we provide an updated guide for scientists interested in embarking on parentage analysis in natural or artificial populations of organisms, with a particular focus on computer software packages that implement various methods of analysis. Our survey of the literature shows that there are a few established methods that perform extremely well in the analysis of most types of parentage studies. However, particular experimental designs or study systems can benefit from some of the less well‐known computer packages available. Overall, we find that parentage analysis is feasible and satisfying in most systems, and we try to provide a simple roadmap to help other scientists navigate the confusing topography of statistical techniques.
Work in inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases

This article focuses on work disability and sick leave and their cost; it also discusses the value of vocational rehabilitation programmes in rheumatic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, hip and knee osteoarthritis. It acknowledges the importance of work not only for the worker who has one of these diseases but also for the public purse. Much can be done to improve the health of the persons and reduce their disability and its impact in the workplace which will have an important effect on their and their family's quality of life. It is important that neither rehabilitation nor vocational rehabilitation are regarded as bolt-on activities after drug treatment but are seen as an integral part of effective management. Publications dealing with return to work are relatively common in rheumatoid arthritis, less common in ankylosing spondylitis and relatively rare in osteoarthritis. Vocational rehabilitation programmes should aim to facilitate job retention or, failing that, to improve the ability to return to work. The process must be started with in the health arena and it has to be recognised that slow or poor practice in the health service can jeopardise the patient's work potential.