Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Accelerator Architecture for Ray Tracing

Mobile computing in the form of smart phones and tablets is becoming ubiquitous. As these devices are being used for increasingly sophisticated tasks, the graphics requirements are also increasing. With the growing desire for highly realistic graphics, the use of ray tracing for rendering will become essential. Ray tracing efficiently models complex illumination effects to improve visual realism in a very different way than current graphics accelerators, which use rasterization on SIMD hardware. Ray tracing also has some intriguing advantages in the mobile computing space where screen pixel counts are not likely to grow significantly, but scene size and complexity will continue to grow. We present a novel multi-core MIMD graphics accelerator architecture that is well suited to ray tracing on mobile platforms. Our architecture provides a large number of floating point resources and exploits thread-level parallelism to keep those units active during ray tracing. We show that a small-footprint version of this architecture is suitable for the mobile computing space, and has performance up to 13 times faster than an existing mobile graphics solution for ray tracing.
Changes in Macrophage Gene Expression Associated with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Infection

Different Leishmania species cause distinct clinical manifestations of the infectious disease leishmaniasis. It is fundamentally important to understand the mechanisms governing the interaction between Leishmania and its host cell. Little is known about this interaction between Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and human macrophages. In this study, we aimed to identify differential gene expression between non-infected and L. (V) braziliensis-infected U937-derived macrophages. We deployed a whole human transcriptome microarray analysis using 72 hours post-infection samples and compared those samples with their non-infected counterparts. We found that 218 genes were differentially expressed between infected and non-infected macrophages. A total of 71.6% of these genes were down-regulated in the infected macrophages. Functional enrichment analyses identified the steroid and sterol/cholesterol biosynthetic processes between regulatory networks down-regulated in infected macrophages. RT-qPCR further confirmed this down-regulation in genes belonging to these pathways. These findings contrast with those from studies involving other Leishmania species at earlier infection stages, where gene up-regulation for this metabolic pathway has been reported. Sterol biosynthesis could be an important biological process associated with the expression profile of macrophages infected by L. (V.) braziliensis. Differential transcriptional results suggest a negative regulation of the genetic regulatory network involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.
Large deviations for combinatorial distributions. I. Central limit theorems

We prove a general central limit theorem for probabilities of large deviations for sequences of random variables satisfying certain natural analytic conditions. This theorem has wide applications to combinatorial structures and to the distribution of additive arithmetical functions. The method of proof is an extension of Kubilius’ version of Cram er’s classical method based on analytic moment generating functions. We thus generalize Cram er’s and Kubilius’ theorems on large deviations.
Health systems integration: state of the evidence

Introduction Integrated health systems are considered a solution to the challenge of maintaining the accessibility and integrity of healthcare in numerous jurisdictions worldwide. However, decision makers in a Canadian health region indicated they were challenged to find evidence-based information to assist with the planning and implementation of integrated healthcare systems. Methods A systematic literature review of peer-reviewed literature from health sciences and business databases, and targeted grey literature sources. Results Despite the large number of articles discussing integration, significant gaps in the research literature exist. There was a lack of high quality, empirical studies providing evidence on how health systems can improve service delivery and population health. No universal definition or concept of integration was found and multiple integration models from both the healthcare and business literature were proposed in the literature. The review also revealed a lack of standardized, validated tools that have been systematically used to evaluate integration outcomes. This makes measuring and comparing the impact of integration on system, provider and patient level challenging. Discussion and conclusion Healthcare is likely too complex for a one-size-fits-all integration solution. It is important for decision makers and planners to choose a set of complementary models, structures and processes to create an integrated health system that fits the needs of the population across the continuum of care. However, in order to have evidence available, decision makers and planners should include evaluation for accountability purposes and to ensure a better understanding of the effectiveness and impact of health systems integration.
Mobility prediction clustering algorithm for UAV networking

In recent years, with the increasingly widespread application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the network technology of UAV has also caused for concern. In this paper, according to the background of related technologies of UAV, a mobility prediction clustering algorithm (MPCA) relying on the attributes of UAV is proposed. The dictionary Trie structure prediction algorithm and link expiration time mobility model are applied in this clustering algorithm to solve the difficulty of high mobility of UAV. The simulation shows that the reasonable clusterhead electing algorithm and on-demand cluster maintenance mechanism guarantee the stability of the cluster structure and the performance of the network.
Open loop transmit diversity solutions for LTE-A uplink

Transmit diversity (TD) techniques are expected to be included in the uplink of the upcoming Long Term Evolution - Advanced (LTE-A) systems to boost the user performance in low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions. In this paper, several open loop TD solutions based on both space frequency coding (SFC) and space time coding (STC) are evaluated in a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) system with the aim of discussing their suitability for the upcoming standard. Traditional SFC is shown to increase the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the SC-FDM signal but it also outperforms STC for high speed and high order modulation and coding schemes (MCSs). Moreover, STC suffers from reduced flexibility in the time domain encoding. Starting from the single carrier sequences in the time domain, a SFC solution keeping low PAPR is derived; it is shown to be a valid option for low delay spread channels and small amount of data to be transmitted.
Phasic transition from goal‐directed to habitual control over drug‐seeking produced by conflicting reinforcer expectancy

The transition from goal‐directed to habitual control over drug‐seeking has been experimentally demonstrated in animals, but there have been no comparable reports in humans. Following a recent animal design, the current study employed an outcome‐devaluation procedure to test whether goal‐directed control over tobacco seeking would be abolished by alcohol expectancy. Eighty smokers first learned that two responses earned tobacco or chocolate points, respectively, before tobacco was devalued by health warnings and smoking satiety. Participants were then presented with either a glass of beer/wine or water with instructions that this item could be consumed after the task (alternative reward). Then choice between the tobacco and chocolate response was measured in extinction to assess goal‐directed control of tobacco seeking, in a nominal Pavlovian to instrumental transfer (PIT) test to assess stimulus control of tobacco seeking, and in a reacquisition test to assess the impact of direct feedback from the outcomes. The results showed that alcohol expectancy selectively abolished goal‐directed control of tobacco seeking but not stimulus control or the impact of feedback from outcomes. These data suggest that ‘endogenous’ retrieval of low drug value governing goal‐directed regulation of drug seeking is disrupted by conflicting appraisal of an alternative reinforcer, promoting habitual control, which may play a role in relapse.
Initial layer in FePt perpendicular media with different buffer layers

The initial layer of FePt media on CuRu underlayer with different buffer layer was investigated. FePt film showed isotropic magnetisation behaviour when deposited directly on CrRu underlayer. With a 4 nm Pt buffer layer, even 3 nm thick FePt film possessed dominant out-of-plane anisotropy. It was found that the initial growth layer thickness (tinitial) in FePt was reduced from 1.4 nm to 0.8 nm with the Pt buffer layer. With MgO as buffer layer the tinitial was further reduced to 0.6 nm.
15 Electrophoretic Techniques in Microbial Ecology

Classical microbial ecology analysis is limited by the unavoidable need for isolation of the microorganisms prior to their characterization. Although it is obvious that isolation of microorganisms is indispensable for their full characterization, it is now well recognised among microbiologists that only a small fraction of all bacteria have been isolated and characterised (Ward et al., 1992). Comparison of the percentage of culturable bacteria with total cell counts from different habitats showed enormous discrepancies (summarised by Amann et al., 1995). The introduction of molecular biology methods (such as fluorescent in situ hybridization, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis or cloning) has enabled a significant advance in microbial ecology (Amann et al., 1995), especially in the study of extreme environments such as acidic habitats, in which conventional methods are severely limited, and some may even lead to equivocal conclusions, with occasionally grievous economic consequences.
3D KINEMATIC AND STRENGTH BEHAVIOR OF GRANULAR MATERIALS AT THE PARTICLE-LEVEL

The three-dimensional x-ray diffraction (3DXRD) nondestructive technique was used to measure lattice strains within individual sand particles subjected to compressive loading. Three experiments were conducted on similar single columns of silica sand particles with particle sizes between 0.595 mm and 0.841 mm. In each experiment, three sand particles were placed inside an acrylic mold with an inner diameter of 1 mm. Multiple in situ 3DXRD scans were acquired for each sand column as compressive load was increased. The volume-averaged lattice strain tensor was calculated for each sand particle. In addition, particle orientation and volumetric strain were calculated for individual sand particles. The axial normal strain zz exhibited a linear response in the range of 0 to 10 when the applied compressive axial load (F) increased from 0 to ~30 N when one particle in the sand column fractured. Stress tensor of individual particles was calculated from the acquired lattice strain measurements and elastic constants of silica sand that were reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reported experimental measurements of the lattice strain tensor measurements within individual silica sand particles. The quantitative measurements reported in this paper at the particle level are very valuable for developing, validating or calibrating micromechanics-based finite element and discrete element models to predict the constitutive behavior of granular materials. 3DXRD represents an exciting
A methodology and tool suite for evaluation of accuracy of interoperating statistical natural language processing engines

Evaluation of accuracy of natural language processing (NLP) engines plays an important role in their development and improvement. Such evaluation usually takes place at a per-engine level. For example, there are evaluation methods for engines such as speech recognition, machine translation, story boundary detection, etc. Many real-world applications require combinations of these functions. This has become possible now with NLP engines attaining sufficient accuracy to be able to combine them for complex tasks. However, it is not evident how the accuracy of output of such aggregates of engines will be evaluated. We present an evaluation methodology to address this problem. The key contribution of our work is an extensible methodology that narrows down possible combinations of machine outputs and ground truths to be compared at various stages in an aggregate of interoperating engines. We also describe two example evaluation modules that we developed following this methodology.
Modeled larval connectivity of a multi-species reef fish and invertebrate assemblage off the coast of Moloka‘i, Hawai‘i

We use a novel individual-based model (IBM) to simulate larval dispersal around the island of Moloka‘i in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Our model uses ocean current output from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm) as well as biological data on four invertebrate and seven fish species of management relevance to produce connectivity maps among sites around the island of Moloka‘i. These 11 species span the range of life history characteristics of Hawaiian coral reef species and show different spatial and temporal patterns of connectivity as a result. As expected, the longer the pelagic larval duration (PLD), the greater the proportion of larvae that disperse longer distances, but regardless of PLD (3–270 d) most successful dispersal occurs either over short distances within an island (<30 km) or to adjacent islands (50–125 km). Again, regardless of PLD, around the island of Moloka‘i, connectivity tends to be greatest among sites along the same coastline and exchange between northward, southward, eastward and westward-facing shores is limited. Using a graph-theoretic approach to visualize the data, we highlight that the eastern side of the island tends to show the greatest out-degree and betweenness centrality, which indicate important larval sources and connectivity pathways for the rest of the island. The marine protected area surrounding Kalaupapa National Historical Park emerges as a potential source for between-island larval connections, and the west coast of the Park is one of the few regions on Moloka‘i that acts as a net larval source across all species. Using this IBM and visualization approach reveals patterns of exchange between habitat regions and highlights critical larval sources and multi-generational pathways to indicate priority areas for marine resource managers.
Simulation for deposition of ZnO thin film layer by kinetic Monte Carlo method

Abstract Kinetic Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the deposition of ZnO thin film layers. For this simulation, parameters for atom absorption, desorption and surface diffusion were incorporated to perform more realistic model of deposition. A new approach was used where the diffusion process was integrated as part of the deposition process. Simulations were carried out at different substrate temperatures. Two- and three-dimensional growth mechanisms were simulated using this model. Surface roughness can be estimated from the ratio of the atoms at the edge of the islands to the total surface sites. The number of Zn and O adatoms on the surface as a time function was analysed.
The NAIST machine translation system for IWSLT2012

This paper describes the NAIST statistical machine translation system for the IWSLT2012 Evaluation Campaign. We participated in all TED Talk tasks, for a total of 11 languagepairs. For all tasks, we use the Moses phrase-based decoder and its experiment management system as a common base for building translation systems. The focus of our work is on performing a comprehensive comparison of a multitude of existing techniques for the TED task, exploring issues such as out-of-domain data filtering, minimum Bayes risk decoding, MERT vs. PRO tuning, word alignment combination, and morphology.
Exploring trajectory data using ComVis CMV tool VAST 2015 Mini-Challenge 1

We describe our analysis of VAST 2015 Mini-Challenge 1 data using a coordinated multiple views tool — ComVis [2]. We extend the ComVis data model [1] to support trajectories with events. We also improve user interaction and introduce a new view in order to support analysis. The data is processed so that it follows the new data model and fits in a single table. We answer some of the challenge questions and plan further research on data exploration and analysis based on the newly introduced data model, interaction, and views.
A LED substrate auto-inspection system

In order to examine the quality of thin-film ceramic LED substrates, manual inspection is commonly used. However, manual inspection causes various inherent and invertible persecutions. This study describes an auto-inspection system for detecting defects on LED substrates. Substrate sub-images are grabbed and registrated into an unwrapped image. The unwrapped image is shrunk where the inspected region consists of repeating substrates. A randomized principal component analysis (RPCA) based image restoration scheme is proposed and then associated with the homogeneity cues difference histogram (HCDH) to construct a substrate defect map.
Results and Discussions on Transaction Splitting Technique for Mining Differential Private Frequent Itemsets

researchers are now working on designing of data mining algorithms which also provides differential privacy. Especially so, in mining of frequent itemsets. Individual privacy may get affected by revealing frequent itemsets. Therefore, a frequent itemset mining algorithm with differential privacy is important which will follow two phase process of preprocessing and mining. This paper discusses diagonal splitting of transactions in splitting mechanism. As proposed mechanism, diagonally splits each transaction then size of transaction reduces, resulting in complexity and processing time reduction. By splitting the transaction diagonally, it divides the transaction in two subparts. This paper demonstrated the performance of diagonal algorithm through experiments on real datasets. Result has been taken on various threshold values and calculated f-score measure for output frequent itemsets. Time taken for frequent itemset mining also studied. An experimental comparison with existing algorithms shows that diagonal splitting algorithm achieves better F-score measure and is about an order of magnitude faster for various top k frequent item mining.
Analysis of workpiece magnetisation on liquid nugget during resistance spot welding

This paper investigates the effect of workpiece magnetisation on the magnetic flux density and nugget shape during resistance spot welding (RSW) process. To this end, this paper analyses the magnetisation process of ferromagnetic workpieces. The magnetisation was calculated by the equivalent surface current. The effect of magnetisation on the nugget shape was studied for RSW of steel and a specially designed aluminium workpiece. The results show that the magnetisation of ferromagnetic workpieces will increase the dimensions of the weld nugget in the thickness direction. The magnetic flux density induced by workpiece magnetisation and that induced by welding current have the same order of magnitude (10−1 T). This indicates that the magnetisation of ferromagnetic workpiece is an important source of magnetic force acting on liquid nugget. Therefore, it should not be ignored in studying the physics of RSW process, especially for the fluid flow in RSW of ferromagnetic materials.
Orthogonalization Methods in QSPR — QSAR Studies

We discuss some features of the orthogonalization methods commonly applied to QSPR QSAR studies. We outline the well known multivariable linear regression analysis in vector form in order to compare mainly Randic and Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedures and also cast the basis for other approaches like Löwdin’s one. We expect that present review may become the starting point for future developments in QSAR QSPR Theory.
Creep, hysteresis, and vibration compensation for piezoactuators: atomic force microscopy application

This article studies ultrahigh-precision positioning with piezoactuators in scanning probe microscopy (SPM) applications. Loss of positioning precision in piezoactuators occurs: 1) due to hysteresis during long range applications; 2) due to creep effects when positioning is needed over extended periods of time; and 3) due to induced vibrations during high-speed positioning. This loss in precision restricts the use of piezoactuators in high-speed positioning applications like SPM-based nanofabrication, and ultra-high-precision optical systems. An integrated inversion-based approach is presented to compensate for all three adverse affects-creep, hysteresis and vibrations. The method is applied to an atomic force microscope, and experimental results are presented that demonstrate substantial improvements in positioning precision and operating speed.
Driving assistance system based on the detection of head-on collisions

An artificial vision system for vehicles is proposed in this article to alert drivers of potential head on collisions. It is capable of detecting any type of frontal collision from any type of obstacle that may present itself in a vehiclepsilas path. The system operates based on a sequence of algorithms whose images are recorded on a camera located in the moving vehicle, resulting in the calculation of Time-to-Contact taken from an analysis of the optical flow, which allows the vehiclepsilas movement to be studied from a sequence of images.
Price of anarchy for greedy auctions

We study mechanisms for utilitarian combinatorial allocation problems, where agents are not assumed to be single-minded. This class of problems includes combinatorial auctions, multi-unit auctions, unsplittable flow problems, and others. We focus on the problem of designing mechanisms that approximately optimize social welfare at every Bayes-Nash equilibrium (BNE), which is the standard notion of equilibrium in settings of incomplete information. For a broad class of greedy approximation algorithms, we give a general black-box reduction to deterministic mechanisms with almost no loss to the approximation ratio at any BNE. We also consider the special case of Nash equilibria in full-information games, where we obtain tightened results. This solution concept is closely related to the well-studied price of anarchy. Furthermore, for a rich subclass of allocation problems, pure Nash equilibria are guaranteed to exist for our mechanisms. For many problems, the approximation factors we obtain at equilibrium improve upon the best known results for deterministic truthful mechanisms. In particular, we exhibit a simple deterministic mechanism for general combinatorial auctions that obtains an O(√m) approximation at every BNE.
Efficient filter bank design for filtered multitone modulation

Filtered multitone (FMT) modulation is a filter bank based modulation scheme that is a candidate for the next generation of digital subscriber line (DSL) technology. The high level of spectral containment provided by FMT schemes offers the potential for larger achievable bit rates than more conventional discrete multitone (DMT) schemes in typical DSL environments. In this paper we provide an effective design method for the prototype filter in the FMT filter bank. Our method allows efficient evaluation of the inherent trade-off between the subchannel spectral containment provided by the prototype filter and the intersymbol interference that the filter generates. An appropriate operating point on this trade-off curve is then identified by computing the achievable bit rate for FMT systems with prototype filters which lie on the curve. Our numerical results indicate that careful exploration of the filter design trade-off results in a significant gain in the achievable bit rate.