Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A web-based teaching resource to prepare for final undergraduate examination: a French pilot study

Access to accurate and quality-controlled health information on the Internet for medical students is not an easy task. CISMeF is the search tool of a MeSH-indexed directory of medical Internet resources in French. Since 2004, a new French Pre-Residency Examination (PRE) is compulsory for all medical students in the 6th year of the curriculum. The goal of this study is to evaluate CISMeF as a tool to provide teaching resources available on the Internet covering PRE material. The CISMeF terminology and the PRE CISMeF module are described. To assess the CISMeF performance in covering PRE program, its precision (number of relevant resources/number of overall resources extracted by CISMeF) and coverage (number of PRE questions covered by at least one resource in the CISMeF gateway) were computed. The CISMeF module for the new French Pre-Residency Examination is efficient as it already covers 95.7% of the program with a precision of 82.2%. Our data demonstrates that CISMeF is acceptable to guide students’ learning and should be a useful teaching resource for the preparation of the French Pre-Residency Examination.
Ethnicity and stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation

Objective To examine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke risk by ethnic group in south and east London; to compare classification with CHA2DS2VASc and CHADS2; to examine the appropriateness of anticoagulant treatment and historic trends in prescribing by gender, age, and ethnicity. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Routine general practice records from south and east London. Patients Patients aged 18 years or over with AF. Main outcome measures Risk of stroke by CHA2DS2VASc and CHADS2 score, and prescription of anticoagulant. Results In 2011, we identified 6292 patients with AF, with an age adjusted prevalence of 0.63% (1.2% white, 0.4% black African/Caribbean and 0.2% South Asian). 93% of the AF population were at high risk of stroke with a CHA2DS2VASc score ≥1, of whom 54% were on warfarin. South Asian patients were at higher stroke risk than white patients (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.73). Warfarin under-prescribing in people over 80 years of age persisted without improvement throughout 2008–2011. There were no clear differences in warfarin use by ethnic group. Conclusions Despite a reduced prevalence of AF among South Asian patients, their risk of stroke is higher than for white patients or black African/Caribbean patients in association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. Under-prescription of anticoagulation persists in all ethnic groups, a deficit most pronounced in the elderly. Use of the CHA2DS2VASc score would enhance optimal management in primary care.
Reliability and Validity of a Novel Approach to Measure Hip Rotation.

CONTEXT Currently, hip-rotation range of motion (ROM) is clinically measured in an open kinetic chain in either seated or prone position using passive or active ROM. However, during activities of daily living and during sports participation the hip must be able to rotate in a loaded position, and there is no standard measurement for this. OBJECTIVE To determine if a novel method for measuring hip rotation in weight bearing will result in good to very good reliability as demonstrated by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of >. 80 and to investigate if weight-bearing hip measurements will result in significantly reduced hip ROM compared with non-weight-bearing methods. DESIGN Repeated measures. SETTING Outpatient sports physical therapy clinic. PARTICIPANTS 20 healthy participants (10 men, 10 women) recruited for hip-rotation measurements. METHODS Three trials of both internal and external rotation were measured in sitting, prone, and weight bearing. Two therapists independently measured each participant on the same day. The participants returned the following day to repeat the same measurements with the same 2 therapists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Degrees of hip internal and external rotation measured in prone, sitting, and loaded positions. RESULTS In general, the measurement of hip ROM across the different conditions was reliable. The intrarater reliability was . 67-. 95, while interrater reliability was . 59-. 96. Interrater reliability was improved when values were averaged across the measures (.75-.97). ICCs for active loaded ROM were . 67-. 81, while interrater ICCs were . 53-. 87. In general, prone hip ROM was greater than supine and supine was greater than loaded. CONCLUSIONS Loaded hip rotation can be measured in a clinical setting with moderate to good reliability. The rotation ROM of a loaded hip can be significantly decreased compared with unloaded motion.
Multimodal communicative strategies for resolving miscommunication in multilingual writing classrooms

This study investigates the communicative strategies of so-called non-native speakers or English as a lingua franca (ELF) speakers in the context of ESL writing classrooms at an U.S. university by employing a sequential analysis combined with ethnographic information. Following the latest work on ELF academic discourse (e.g. Björkman, 2013; Kaur, 2011b, 2011c; Mauranen, 2012; Smit, 2010), it closely examines how ELF speakers resolve or prevent miscommunication through repair conducted by using various multimodal interactional resources available in the classroom ecology (van Lier, 2000, 2004). Such ecological resources include gesture, embodied action, non-verbal vocalization (e.g., laughter and silence), classroom artifacts, and people in the classroom besides verbal speech. This study is one of the first attempts to illuminate the complex process of resolving or preventing miscommunication among ELF speakers by adopting a multimodal orientation to ELF interactional analysis and to expand the notion of ELF speakers’ communicative competence. Through a sequential analysis with ethnographic information gained from regular classroom observations and stimulated recall interviews, the following patterns of resolving or preventing miscommunication among ELF speakers in the writing classroom have emerged. The first pattern is enhanced explicitness (e.g., Mauranen, 2007). Namely, in order to create extra explicit meaning, multilingual instructors and students employ various communicative strategies, including repeating key words/phrases, explicating with examples, using discourse markers, employing gesture that visualizes and concretizes abstract components, and combining information on PowerPoint slides and worksheets with verbal speech. The second pattern is the use of laughter and humor to mitigate face-threats related to overt repairs and to engage in relational work through laughing together. Another pattern is voluntary help by those who are the third-party participants in miscommunication phenomena, especially by representing their
Mutations in VPS16 and MRT1Stabilize mRNAs by Activating an Inhibitor of the Decapping Enzyme

ABSTRACT Decapping is a rate-limiting step in the decay of many yeast mRNAs; the activity of the decapping enzyme therefore plays a significant role in determining RNA stability. Using an in vitro decapping assay, we have identified a factor, Vps16p, that regulates the activity of the yeast decapping enzyme, Dcp1p. Mutations in the VPS16 gene result in a reduction of decapping activity in vitro and in the stabilization of both wild-type and nonsense-codon-containing mRNAs in vivo. The mrt1-3 allele, previously shown to affect the turnover of wild-type mRNAs, results in a similar in vitro phenotype. Extracts from both vps16 and mrt1 mutant strains inhibit the activity of purified Flag-Dcp1p. We have identified a 70-kDa protein which copurifies with Flag-Dcp1p as the abundant Hsp70 family member Ssa1p/2p. Intriguingly, the interaction with Ssa1p/2p is enhanced in strains with mutations in vps16 ormrt1. We propose that Hsp70s may be involved in the regulation of mRNA decapping.
γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type B Receptor Splice Variant Proteins GBR1a and GBR1b Are Both Associated with GBR2 in Situ and Display Differential Regional and Subcellular Distribution*

The subunit architecture of γ-aminobutyric acid, type B (GABAB), receptors in situis largely unknown. The GABAB receptor variants, characterized by the constituents GBR1a and GBR1b, were therefore analyzed with regard to their subunit composition as well as their regional and subcellular distribution in situ. The analysis was based on the use of antisera recognizing selectively GBR1a, GBR1b, and GBR2. Following their solubilization, GBR1a and GBR1b were both found by immunoprecipitation to occur as heterodimers associated with GBR2. Furthermore, monomers of GBR1a, GBR1b, or GBR2 were not detectable, suggesting that practically all GABAB receptors are heterodimers in situ. Finally, there was no evidence for an association of GBR1a with GBR1b indicating that these two constituents represent two different receptor populations. A size determination of solubilized GABAB receptors by sucrose density centrifugation revealed two distinct peaks of which one corresponded to dimeric receptors, and the higher molecular weight peak pointed to the presence of yet unknown receptor-associated proteins. The distribution and relative abundance of GBR2 immunoreactivity corresponded in all brain regions to that of the sum of GBR1a and GBR1b, supporting the view that most if not all GBR1 proteins are associated with GBR2. However, GBR1a was present preferentially at postsynaptic densities, whereas GBR1b may be mainly attributed to presynaptic or extrasynaptic sites. Thus, GBR1a and GBR1b are both associated with GBR2 to form heterodimers at mainly different subcellular locations where they are expected to subserve different functions.
Neuron type-specific miRNA represses two broadly expressed genes to modulate an avoidance behavior in C. elegans

In this study, Drexel et al. research miRNA-mediated repression of broadly transcribed genes as a strategy for cellular specialization. They show that mir-791, expressed exclusively in the CO2-sensing neurons in C. elegans, represses two otherwise broadly expressed genes, which are needed for normal neuronal function and behavior of the animals toward CO2.
Considering the Role of the Arts and Aesthetics Within Maker-Centered Learning

Throughout the past decade, the maker movement has become a cultural force, and maker-centered learning has grown in popularity. At the same time, the arts have remained marginalized throughout the educational sphere and limited scholarship recognizes the connections between the maker movement and arts learning. To explore this connection, we conducted a thematic analysis of interviews with maker educators and thought leaders, and we found that these educators rarely used arts and aesthetics-related terminology when speaking about the benefits of maker-centered learning. However, when these terms were used, they fell into three categories: objects, thinking skills and processes, and environments. We suggest that establishing a language of aesthetics in maker-centered learning might help arts and maker educators see themselves reflected in one another’s work. Further, making such an aesthetic connection might provide young people with a deeper understanding of the beauty to be found in the made world.
A Security Conscious Service Discovery Framework in Pervasive Computing Environments

In today’s Web environments, digital world is witnessing the birth of a revolutionary computing paradigm called pervasive or ubiquitous computing that promises to have a profound effect on the way users interact with computers, devices, physical spaces, and other users. Pervasive computing is aimed to eliminate time and place barriers by making services available to users anytime and anywhere. Due to the numerous numbers of services which are available in pervasive environments, the presence of service discovery is a necessity to help users to discover and utilize their desired services. However, tackling security issues such as preserving transferred information reliable and private, in service discovery process in pervasive environments is a demanding task. In this paper, we propose a secure framework to support service discovery in pervasive computing environments. The proposed framework can support efficiently security issues considering pervasive environments features.
Studies on Identifying the Catalytic Role of Glu-204 in the Active Site of Yeast Invertase*

In a previous study on yeast invertase (Reddy, A., and Maley, F. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 10817-10820), we identified Asp-23 through the procedures of affinity labeling and site-directed mutagenesis as a catalytic nucleophile. In the present study we undertook to determine other residues involved in the catalytic process. Earlier studies suggested histidine as a potential proton donor in the hydrolysis of sucrose, but by mutagenizing each of the enzyme's four histidines this amino acid was eliminated from consideration. Another candidate appeared to be cysteine, since iodine at about a 2-fold molar excess inactivated invertase by modifying both of the enzyme's cysteine residues. Dithiothreitol treatment restored the sulfhydryl groups and enzyme activity. Replacement of each of the cysteines with alanines revealed that C108A invertase retained full activity whereas C205A was reduced about 4-fold in its kcat. A comparison of the amino acid sequences of fructosylhydrolases revealed a conserved region coincident with Glu-204/Cys-205. Mutagenizing Glu-204 to Ala resulted in a 3,000-fold reduction in the kcat of invertase indicating that Glu-204 plays a major role in catalysis. Based on these findings, a mechanism is proposed for the hydrolysis of sucrose which involves Asp-23 as a nucleophile and Glu-204 as an acid/base catalyst.
Alexithymia and anxiety sensitivity in Turkish depressive, anxiety and somatoform disorder outpatients

Objective. To assess the relations between anxiety sensitivity, and dimensions of alexithymia in somatoform, anxiety and depressive disorder patients. Methods. The sample consisted of 124 patients with the diagnosis of depressive, anxiety, or somatoform spectrum disorders (DSM-IV). Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), 16-item Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Hamilton Depression (HDRS), and Anxiety (HAS) scales were used. Results. The total sample (n=124) was divided into three diagnostic categories. There was one Depression Group (n=69). Due to small sample sizes, diagnoses in anxiety and somatoform spectrum disorders were combined in two relatively larger Anxiety (n=42) and Somatoform Groups (n=13) for statistical purposes. No statistically significant difference was found in the TAS-20 total or subscale scores between the three diagnostic groups. In all three diagnostic groups, there was a strong and significant positive correlation between ASI and TAS-20 total scores. In all three groups, there was a significant positive correlation between TAS-20 Factor 1 and ASI. In the Depression and Somatoform Groups, ASI scores were found to be significantly positively correlated with scores on TAS-20 Factor 2. Conclusion. This study reveals that alexithymia does not differentiate depressive, anxiety, or somatoform disorders, yet suggests a functional relation with anxiety sensitivity on a subscale basis.
Regulation, Financial Crises, and Liberalization Traps

To reconcile the mixed empirical results, we develop a theoretical model whose main implication is a concave impact of regulation on the probability of a crisis. We test this relationship by applying a Probit model of a non-linear specification to annual data from 1999 to 2011 drawn from 132 countries. The probability of a financial crisis fits an inverted U-shaped curve: it rises as regulation stringency moves from low to medium levels and falls from medium to high levels. Countries located at the intermediate level of regulatory stringency face more instability than countries that are either loosely or severely regulated. We identify the latter two groups as falling in “liberalization traps”. Institutional quality interacts significantly with the regulatory environment.
A new technique to determine vertical dimension of occlusion from anthropometric measurements of fingers.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to find the correlation between vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and length of fingers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 dentate subjects comprising of 200 males and 200 females. Anthropometric measurements of VDO, length of index finger, length of little finger, and distance from tip of thumb to tip of index finger of right hand were recorded clinically using modified digital vernier caliper. Correlation between VDO and length of fingers was studied using Spearman's coefficient. For the execution of regression command and preparation of prediction equations to estimate VDO, Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software Version 11.5 was used. RESULTS VDO was significantly and positively correlated with all the parameters studied. In males, correlation of VDO was strongest for length of index finger (r-0.406) whereas in females, it was strongest for length of little finger (r-0.385). VDO estimation using regression equation had a standard error of ± 3.76 in males and ± 2.86 in females for length of index finger, ±3.81 and ± 2.74 in males and females respectively for length of little finger, ±3.99 and ± 2.89 in males and females respectively for distance from tip of thumb to tip of index finger. CONCLUSIONS Since the variations between VDO and finger lengths are within the range of 2-4 mm, VDO prediction through this method is reliable, and reproducible. Also the method is simple, economic, and non-invasive; hence, it could be recommended for everyday practice.
Tensor Factorization for Low-Rank Tensor Completion

Recently, a tensor nuclear norm (TNN) based method was proposed to solve the tensor completion problem, which has achieved state-of-the-art performance on image and video inpainting tasks. However, it requires computing tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD), which costs much computation and thus cannot efficiently handle tensor data, due to its natural large scale. Motivated by TNN, we propose a novel low-rank tensor factorization method for efficiently solving the 3-way tensor completion problem. Our method preserves the low-rank structure of a tensor by factorizing it into the product of two tensors of smaller sizes. In the optimization process, our method only needs to update two smaller tensors, which can be more efficiently conducted than computing t-SVD. Furthermore, we prove that the proposed alternating minimization algorithm can converge to a Karush–Kuhn–Tucker point. Experimental results on the synthetic data recovery, image and video inpainting tasks clearly demonstrate the superior performance and efficiency of our developed method over state-of-the-arts including the TNN and matricization methods.
Risk Assessment of Minute Virus of Mice Transmission During Rederivation: Detection in Reproductive Organs, Gametes, and Embryos of Mice after In Vivo Infection1

Murine parvoviruses, including minute virus of mice (MVM), represent major infectious disease problems encountered in contemporary laboratory animal research facilities with embryo transfer (ET), one of the most widely used techniques for rederivation. Using an in vivo approach, the objectives of this study were to assess the risk of MVM transmission during rederivation and to provide data that allow recommendation of preventive measures. Therefore, we determined whether immunosuppressive variant MVMi viral DNA is detectable in reproductive organs, gametes (oocytes and spermatozoa), and embryos collected from experimentally infected mice and whether washing as recommended before ET eliminates MVMi sufficiently from gametes and embryos. Fractions of reproductive organs tested positive from Day 5 to Day 30 postinoculation, demonstrating a risk for a minimum period of 4 wk; the highest incidence of positive organs was found between Day 9 and Day 13 postinoculation. Real-time PCR detected viral DNA to a lesser extent in male than in female reproductive organs. MVMi DNA was detected in oocytes and sperm cells derived after in vivo infection but not in two-cell embryos. In vitro contamination studies revealed that the virus firmly adheres to the zona pellucida after 10 wash steps, indicating that even extensive washing might not eliminate MVMi completely from embryos. According to this systematic in vivo approach, recommended measures to prevent transmission of MVM during rederivation include sufficient washing of embryos, accompanying testing using adequate (PCR) methods, and using embryos rather than in vitro fertilization techniques; furthermore, the exchange of gametes should be considered a risk factor.
Generation of Monoclonal Rheumatoid Factors after Immunization with Collagen II‐Anti‐Collagen II Immune Complexes

Two monoclonal IgG rheumatoid factors were obtained alter hybridization of spleen cells from DBA/1 mice immunized with immune complexes containing native collagen type II and a monoclonal anti‐collagen II antibody. One of these rheumatoid factors reacted not only with purified murine Fc fragments, but also with Fab fragments of the anti‐collagen II antibody used for immunization, whereas no reactivity was seen with Fab fragments from normal mouse IgG. The findings demonstrate the ability of immune complexes encompassing native collagen type II to induce production of IgG rheumatoid factors, and suggest that an idiotypic relationship may exist between certain rheumatoid factors and anti‐collagen II antibodies.
The Socially Driven Life Cycle of Academic Scholarship: A Longitudinal Study of Six Electronic Journals

Early studies of electronic journals (e-journals) viewed the web as a technological discontinuity that would deem traditional academic publishing null. This article uses the industry life cycle framework as a lens to examine the formation of academic e-journals. The article proposes five factors affecting the academic publishing dominant design selection process, and examines these factors against six longitudinal case studies. The study concludes that from technical/functional, economic and market perspectives, e-journals are superior to paper journals (p-journals). However, academic social norms and the managerial processes needed to establish and maintain e-journals are more influential on their formation than the capabilities provided by the new technology. In addition, the long-term sustainability and survivability of e-journals depend on the administrative and managerial processes established by its management team. This study demonstrates that although the web enables a large number of new entrants and a variety of business and technical models, e-journals are a competency-enhancing innovation that relies on the existing expertise of professional publishers and the journal's ability to support the social and cultural needs of academia.