Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monkeypox Virus: Responses of Infection in Chick Embryos 1

Summary Chick embryos developed generalized infection from MPV. Sequential distribution of MPV in situ suggested that the virus was transported hematogenously, first to the extracorporeal membranes, and secondarily to embryonic tissues. Embryonic organs of the reticuloendothelial system were principal primary cell targets. The specificity of the cellular pathology was confirmed by retrieval of MPV from, and the immunological demonstration of fluorescent antigen in cells of affected organs.
Modeling the X-Ray Deposition Region by Numerical Integration of the Boltzmann Equation

Most numerical solutions of the X-ray deposition problem have involved either cloud-in-cell macroparticle techniques or prescribed source techniques. Macroparticle approaches often require 104 - 105 particles to reduce the simulation noise to a reasonable level and therefore can be quite costly for a multidimensional problem. Prescribed source techniques are cheaper but do not achieve a self-consistent solution. More recently, attempts have been made to model the X-ray deposition region by a set of fluid equations. This approach offers large savings in computer time but requires assumptions on the form of the distribution function. An alternate approach is to integrate the distribution function directly. This approach has been discussed by Higgins, Longmire, and O'Dell and was used by Holland to investigate the effects of secondary electron emission. In this paper, the Boltzmann equation, including ionization sources, is numerically solved by weather differencing in two spacial dimensions. The algorithm is stable and allows object boundary conditions to be installed in a natural manner. The experimental response of a cylindrical cavity to electron injection sources at pressures of 0.2 and 300 mtorr is compared to numerical predictions and found to be in reasonable agreement. The effects of various ionization cross section models are described and the validity of the assumption of velocity independent acceleration is examined.
Less Energy Higher Accuracy : Smartphone Localization via Social Collaboration

The popularity of GPS-enabled smartphones enables a wide variety of new location-based or location-aware services and applications. However, the GPS module in a smartphone produces inaccurate position information and incurs high energy consumption, which inhibits the wide use of locationaware applications. To address this, we propose a social-aided cooperative localization scheme, which is capable of improving positioning accuracy and achieving low energy consumption. Specifically, our scheme enhances positioning accuracy by fusing the GPS positions of multiple co-located smartphones in a social network, or by neighborhood-based weighted least-squares estimation when relative distances between smartphones are available. The energy efficiency is achieved by sharing location information among co-located users so that only a small set of smartphones need to turn on GPS receivers at any time. To validate our proposed approach, we conduct experiments on the Google Android platform. Experimental results show that our proposed cooperative localization scheme can achieve sufficient performance gains in both indoor and outdoor environments.
Performance Modeling And Resource Management For Mapreduce Applications

Big Data analytics is increasingly performed using the MapReduce paradigm and its open-source implementation Hadoop as a platform choice. Many applications associated with live business intelligence are written as complex data analysis programs defined by directed acyclic graphs of MapReduce jobs. An increasing number of these applications have additional requirements for completion time guarantees. The advent of cloud computing brings a competitive alternative solution for data analytic problems while it also introduces new challenges in provisioning clusters that provide best cost-performance trade-offs. In this dissertation, we aim to develop a performance evaluation framework that enables automatic resource management for MapReduce applications in achieving different optimization goals. It consists of the following components: (1) a performance modeling framework that estimates the completion time of a given MapReduce application when executed on a Hadoop cluster according to its input data sets, the job settings and the amount of allocated resources for processing it; (2) a resource allocation strategy for deadline-driven MapReduce applications that automatically tailors and controls the resource allocation on a shared Hadoop cluster to different applications to achieve their (soft) deadlines; (3) a simulator-based solution to the resource provision problem in public cloud environment that guides the users to determine the types and amount of resources that should lease from the service provider for achieving different goals; (4) an optimization strategy to automatically determine the optimal job settings within a MapReduce application for efficient execution and resource usage. We validate the accuracy, efficiency, and performance benefits of the proposed framework using a set of realistic MapReduce applications on both private cluster and public cloud environment. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Computer and Information Science First Advisor Boon T. Loo Second Advisor Insup Lee
Resonant tunneling diode photodetectors for optical communications

Optical modulation characteristics of resonant tunneling diode photodetectors (RTD‐PD) are investigated. Intensity modulated light excites the RTD‐PDs to conduct data experiments. Simple and complex data patterns are used with results showing data rates up to 80 and 200 Mbit/s, respectively. This is the first demonstration of complex modulation using resonant tunneling diodes.
On-line approximation control of uncertain nonlinear systems: issues with control input saturation

Various types and techniques of on-line approximation have been used in feedback control of uncertain non-linear systems. In many practical applications, saturation of the control input influences significantly the performance of adaptive and learning control systems. This article addresses the issue of control input saturation in on-line approximation based control of non-linear systems. A modified control design framework is presented for preventing the presence of input saturation from destroying the learning capabilities and memory of an on-line approximator in feedback control systems. The stability properties of the proposed feedback control law are obtained via Lyapunov analysis. Particular emphasis is given to aircraft longitudinal control, which extends the results to the backstepping feedback control procedure.
Anisotropies in the gamma-ray sky from millisecond pulsars

Pulsars emerge in the Fermi era as a sizable population of gamma-ray sources. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) constitute an older subpopulation whose sky distribution extends to high Galactic latitudes, and it has been suggested that unresolved members of this class may contribute a significant fraction of the measured large-scale isotropic gamma-ray background (IGRB). We investigate the possible energy-dependent contribution of unresolved MSPs to the anisotropy of the Fermi-measured IGRB. For observationally motivated MSP population models, we show that the preliminary Fermi anisotropy measurement places an interesting constraint on the abundance of MSPs in the Galaxy and the typical MSP flux, about an order of magnitude stronger than constraints on this population derived from the intensity of the IGRB alone. We also examine the possibility of an MSP component in the IGRB mimicking a dark matter signal in anisotropy-based searches, and conclude that the energy dependence of an anisotropy signature would distinguish MSPs from all but very light dark matter candidates.
Bi-Modal Methods : An Overview

Various security challenges such as Boko Haram, theft, kidnapping, ISIL, abduction, and so on have been on a high rise as one of the major menace facing our society today. In order to overcome these challenges there is need for identification of the culprits to bring them to book. Uni-modal biometric is not enough to combat these security challenges because of its shortcomings which includespoof attach, noise in the sensed data, inter class variation and so on. Combining two or more biometric features (bi-modal) has been proved to provide better performance than uni-modal biometric approach for authentication and verification. This paper presents some literature on biometrics systems that can be employed in achieving a better accuracy in authentication and verification of biometric features. Different kind of fusion strategies to combine these characteristics, different available classifiers and fusion methodologies to achieve greater and accurate recognition performance were also discussed. It is hopeful that researchers in the area of biometrics will find this work very useful.
Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol, 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta, 17 beta-diol, and 17 beta-estradiol from male beagles with spontaneous or induced benign prostatic hyperplasia

The serum concentration of testosterone (T) 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol (3 alpha-diol), 5 alpha-androstane-3 beta , 17 beta-diol (3 beta-diol), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin in young (less than 40 months) beagles with spontaneous benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were not significantly (P greater than 0.25) different from serum hormone levels of age matched controls, or old (greater than 60 months) beagles with BPH. However, the serum hormone levels of age matched controls, or with BPH (2.46 +/- 0.51 pg per ml) was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than that of age matched controls (3.93 +/- 0.35 pg per ml) and of old beagles with BPH is not associated with increased serum concentrations of androgens, or changes in serum levels of gonadotropins, but may be related to some change in estrogen biosynthesis or metabolism. In the second part of the experiment, castrate and intact beagles were treated for 4 months with three weekly injections of T, DHT, 3 alpha-diol, estradiol, T + estradiol, DHT + estradiol, or 3 alpha-diol + estradiol. As expected, the serum concentration of T, DHT, 3 alpha-diol, estradiol, LH, and FSH varied dramatically depending on the steroid regimen used. Analysis of these results showed that prostate weight was increased by steroid treatments which elevated the serum DHT concentration. However, glandular hyperplasia, indistinguishable from that seen in dogs with BPH, occurred only when estradiol was added to those steroid treatments which caused elevated serum DHT concentration.
Experimental Galactose Toxicity: Effects on Synaptosomal Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism

Abstract Experimental galactose toxicity was induced by weaning rats onto an isocaloric 40% galactose diet. Synaptosomes were prepared from cerebra of rats at 2‐9 weeks post‐weaning and incubated with [33P]Pi and myo‐[2‐3H]inositol in the presence or absence of 0.2 mM‐acetylcholine. The acetylcholine‐stimulated [33P]Pi labeling of phosphatidylinositol and the changes in amounts of phosphatidylinositol were similar in the normal and galactose‐toxic rats; however, acetylcholine‐stimulated myo‐[2‐3H]inositol labeling of phosphatidylinositol was markedly decreased in the galactose‐toxic rats. The impairment of acetylcholine‐stimulated myo‐[2‐3H]inositol incorporation into phosphatidylinositol observed after 2 weeks on the diet did not vary after more prolonged exposure to galactose.
Operative color Doppler imaging for vascular surgery

Operative color Doppler imaging (CDI) was performed during 57 vascular operations (24 carotid, 24 lower extremity, six renal artery, and three other operations), and its benefits were assessed in comparison to B‐mode imaging. Pre‐reconstruction operative CDI was used selectively in 18 operations, and post‐reconstruction operative CDI was used routinely in all operations. In 16 operations (28.6%), post‐reconstruction CDI diagnosed vascular defects such as intimal flaps (n = 4), anastomotic stenoses (n = 7), and in situ bypass arteriovenous fistulas (n = 4). Vascular defects at eight operations required immediate repair. Operative CDI had advantages over B‐mode imaging in (1) detection of preoperatively unknown vascular abnormalities before reconstruction, (2) faster recognition of vascular defects after reconstruction, (3) unique ability to detect problems (i.e., arteriovenous fistulas) that were unidentifiable by B‐mode imaging, and (4) provision of supplemental blood flow information.
Electromagnetic nonlinear modeling of active phased antenna

This paper examines the distinctive feature of studying the direct interaction between high power amplifiers located at the vicinity of the radiating elements without the use of isolators. In that case, the coupling effect between antennas, which leads to output impedance mismatching and degradation of the radiation pattern, will be described. Alongside, two methods have been developed to address this major drawback with some experimental results to validate the theoretical approach. An active antenna prototype including power amplifiers has been manufactured to validate a first approach of active antenna joint simulation, taking into account all the mentioned effects.
Galectin‐9 expands immunosuppressive macrophages to ameliorate T‐cell‐mediated lung inflammation

Galectin‐9 (Gal‐9) plays pivotal roles in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity to suppress T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune models. However, it remains unclear if Gal‐9 plays a suppressive role for T‐cell function in non‐autoimmune disease models. We assessed the effects of Gal‐9 on experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Trichosporon asahii. When Gal‐9 was given subcutaneously to C57BL/6 mice at the time of challenge with T. asahii, it significantly suppressed T. asahii‐induced lung inflammation, as the levels of IL‐1, IL‐6, IFN‐γ, and IL‐17 were significantly reduced in the BALF of Gal‐9‐treated mice. Moreover, co‐culture of anti‐CD3‐stimulated CD4 T cells with BALF cells harvested from Gal‐9‐treated mice on day 1 resulted in diminished CD4 T‐cell proliferation and decreased levels of IFN‐γ and IL‐17. CD11b+Ly‐6ChighF4/80+ BALF Mϕ expanded by Gal‐9 were responsible for the suppression. We further found in vitro that Gal‐9, only in the presence of T. asahii, expands CD11b+Ly‐6ChighF4/80+ cells from BM cells, and the cells suppress T‐cell proliferation and IFN‐γ and IL‐17 production. The present results indicate that Gal‐9 expands immunosuppressive CD11b+Ly‐6Chigh Mϕ to ameliorate Th1/Th17 cell‐mediated hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Factors Influencing Utilization of Physiotherapy Service among Children with Cerebral Palsy in Jalandhar District of Punjab

ABSTRACT Background: Physiotherapy plays a central role in the management of children with cerebral palsy (CP); however, literature describing the use of physiotherapy service and the factors affecting utilization of physiotherapy service for this group of children in the Indian context remain unexplored. Aims and Objectives: To describe the utilization of physiotherapy services and explore the factors affecting utilization of physiotherapy services among children with CP of Jalandhar district of Punjab. Methodology: During June 2009 to March 2012 interview of family members of 248 children with CP (male = 159; female = 89) was conducted using a schedule focusing on demography, constraints of resources, expectations, beliefs, awareness, and service utilization. Cross tabulation with Chi-square, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were the tools of statistical analysis. Results: 44.4% children had not received any physiotherapy in their life time. In univariate analysis exposure to physiotherapy was found significantly associated with age of diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.47), finance constraint (OR = 2.27), personal constraint (OR = 2.54), transportation constraint (OR = 3.01), lack of advice for rehabilitation (OR = 2.36), ignorance about condition (OR = 11.94), and rehabilitation services (OR = 2.88). Multivariate model (χ2 = 57.16, df = 15, P < 0.001, pseudo R2 Cox and Snell = 0.22, Nagelkerke = 0.27) identified two main predictor variables of nonexposure to physiotherapy-ignorance about condition (OR = 7.3) and expectation of normalcy (OR = 0.43). Conclusion: The main drivers for the use of physiotherapy among children with CP in Jalandhar district of Punjab were awareness about the condition of CP and expectation of normalcy which demonstrated a complex relationship with sociodemographic factors.
Bidirectional perception–production relations in phonological development: evidence from positional neutralization

Many children who neutralize phonemic contrasts in production exhibit diminished perception of the same contrasts. It is usually difficult to determine whether the perception deficit caused the production error, or vice versa; however, the direction of causation has implications for treatment planning. This study examines perception–production relationships in the phenomenon of neutralization in strong position, where children neutralize only in perceptually salient contexts. To test a hypothesis that this phenomenon arises from a child-specific pattern of perceptual sensitivity, a non-word discrimination task was administered to a 4-year-old boy with neutralization in strong position in production. Contrary to the perceptual hypothesis, his discrimination accuracy was greatest for contrasts in initial/strong position, where his production errors occurred. Independent of position, however, his perception of a phonemic contrast he neutralized was decreased relative to other contrasts. This case is argued to constitute evidence that a primary production deficit can cause decreased perceptual ability.
FOSSIL1: A policy analysis model of the U.S. energy transition

Over the past four years the Dartmouth System Dynamics Group has developed a dynamic simulation model to aid in the analysis and design of United States energy policy. The model, titled FOSSIL1, simulates the interactions between energy prices, financial markets, resource depletion, government regulation, changing technologies, and consumer behavior that determine future patterns of energy production and consumption. The model is specifically tailored to allow the user to examine the effects of new energy policy on the behavior of the U.S. energy system. This paper will briefly outline the problem addressed by FOSSIL1, the structural characteristics of the model, and a demonstration of its application to energy policy analysis.
Synthesis of monodisperse core shell PVA@P(AMPS-co-NIPAm) nanogels structured for pre-concentration of Fe(III) ions

ABSTRACT Core shell-structured poly(vinyl alcohol) @ poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) PVA@P(AMPS-co-NIPAm) spheres are synthesized. The well-defined PVA@P(AMPS-co-NIPAm) core shell nanogels with diameter nearly 30 nm enriches Fe(III), and the nanogels are characterized by FT-IR, TEM, SEM and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The many factors affecting adsorption were successfully investigated. The maximum capacity of Fe(III) ions was 320 (mg/g) for PVA@P(90AMPS-co-10NIPAm) (wt.: wt%). The equilibrium data matching well with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order form described the adsorption process better than the pseudo-first-order model. Findings of the present study highlight using a simple synthesis of PVA@P(AMPS-co-NIPAm) nanogels as superior and recyclable nanoadsorbents.
A point-based approach to the interposition problem in augmented reality

An innovative solution to the interposition problem in augmented reality is presented. The realistic and physically-consistent embedding of a 3D virtual object (3DVO) into a real scene is accomplished by considering it as a set of points or vertices. Our method deals with stereoscopic views of an unstructured and unknown real scene and avoids explicit 3D reconstruction. Instead, we rely on local stereo matching to decide whether each vertex should be visible or not. After a geometrical analysis of the problem, we detail our solution and present preliminary results of interposition for 3DVOs and real scenes.
On Declarative Modeling of Structured Pattern Mining

Since the seminal work on frequent itemset mining, there has been considerable effort on mining more structured patterns such as sequences or graphs. Simultaneously, the field of constraint programming has been linked to the field of pattern mining resulting in a more general and declarative constraint-based itemset mining framework. A number of recent papers have logically proposed to extend the declarative approach to structured pattern mining problems. Because the formalism and the solving mechanisms are vastly different in specialised algorithm and declarative approaches, assessing the benefits and the drawbacks of each approach can be difficult. In this paper, we introduce a framework that formally defines the core components of itemset, sequence and graph mining tasks, and we use it to compare existing specialised algorithms to their declarative counterpart. This analysis allows us to draw clear connections between the two approaches and provide insights on how to overcome current limitations in declarative structured
Update in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2012.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a diverse array of pulmonary and nonpulmonary manifestations; however, our understanding of COPD pathogenesis and the factors that influence its heterogeneity in disease presentation are poor (1). Despite this heterogeneity, treatment algorithms are primarily driven by a single measurement, FEV1 as a percentage of its predicted value (FEV1%). In 2012, a major shift in Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) treatment recommendations was proposed that stratifies patients with COPD on the basis of symptoms and exacerbation history (1). In 2012 we also saw progress in our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of the disease, role of the immune system, and factors that influence lung function decline and risk for exacerbations. This update reviews the work reported in 2012 that enlightens our understanding of COPD.
Automated Energy Scheduling Algorithms for Residential Demand Response Systems

Demand response technology is a key technology for distributing electricity tasks in response to electricity prices in a smart grid system. In the current demand response research, there has been much demand for an automated energy scheduling scheme that uses smart devices for residential customers in the smart grid. In this paper, two automated energy scheduling schemes are proposed for residential smart grid demand response systems: semi-automated scheduling and fully-automated scheduling. If it is possible to set the appliance preference, semi-automated scheduling will be conducted, and if it is impossible, fully-automated scheduling will be operated. The formulated optimization problems consider the electricity bill along with the user convenience. For the fully-automated scheduling, the appliance preference can automatically be found according to appliance type from the electricity consumption statistics. A performance evaluation validates that the proposed scheme shifts operation to avoid peak load, that the electricity bill is significantly reduced, and that user convenience is satisfied.