Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A High-Performance Elliptic Curve Cryptographic Processor for General Curves Over ${\rm GF}(p)$ Based on a Systolic Arithmetic Unit

This brief presents a high-performance elliptic curve cryptographic processor for general curves over GF(p), which features a systolic arithmetic unit. We propose a new unified systolic array that efficiently implements addition, subtraction, multiplication and division over GF(p). At the system level, the control dependencies in the operation sequence and the mismatched communication between the systolic array and the separate storage would stall the pipeline in the systolic array. These pipeline stalls are successfully avoided by using two optimization methods. Synthesized in 0.13-mum standard-cell technology, the processor requires 1.01 ms to compute a 256-bit scalar multiplication for general curves over GF(p)
Structures and Electronic Properties of Graphyne Layers

Theoretical scheme is proposed for obtaining layered compounds consisting of carbon atoms in the sp-and sp2-hybridized states. This scheme is used to find the possibility of existing the seven basic structural modifications of graphyne: α-, β1-, β2-, β3-, γ1-, γ2-, and γ3-graphyne. The basic structural modifications of graphyne contain diatomic polyyne chains and consist only of carbon atoms in two different crystallographically equivalent states. Other nonbasic structural modifications of graphyne can be formed via the elongation of the carbyne chains and via the formation of graphyne layers with a mixed structure consisting of basic layer fragments. The geometrical optimization of the structure and the calculation of energy characteristics and electronic properties of graphyne layers were performed using ab initio calculations based on the density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation. The energy of sublimation is found to be maximal for γ graphynes, which should be the most stable structural modifications of graphyne.
CMOS Non‐tailed differential pair

A continuous‐time complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor differential pair that does not require the traditional tail current source as a way to control the direct current and common‐mode current is presented. Compared with a p‐channel long‐tailed pair, the proposed non‐tailed solution operates under a higher maximum input common‐mode voltage that includes (VDD + VSS)/2 even under low supply voltages. Experimental measurements on a prototype fabricated in a 0.35‐µm technology (with metal–oxide–semiconductor thresholds greater than 0.6 V) confirm this behavior for supply voltages as low as 1.2 V, whereas the long‐tailed pair with the same technology offers the same capability only for supplies higher than 1.6 V. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Model for Processing Skyline Queries in Crowd-sourced Databases

Nowadays, in most of the modern database applications, lots of critical queries and tasks cannot be completely addressed by machine. Crowd-sourcing database has become a new paradigm for harness human cognitive abilities to process these computer hard tasks. In particular, those problems that are difficult for machines but easier for humans can be solved better than ever, such as entity resolution, fuzzy matching for predicates and joins, and image recognition. Additionally, crowd-sourcing database allows performing database operators on incomplete data as human workers can be involved to provide estimated values during run-time. Skyline queries which received formidable attention by database community in the last decade, and exploited in a variety of applications such as multi-criteria decision making and decision support systems. Various works have been accomplished address the issues of skyline query in crowd-sourcing database. This includes a database with full and partial complete data. However, we argue that processing skyline queries with partial incomplete data in crowd-sourcing database has not received an appropriate attention. Therefore, an efficient approach processing skyline queries with partial incomplete data in crowd-sourcing database is needed. This paper attempts to present an efficient model tackling the issue of processing skyline queries in incomplete crowd-sourcing database. The main idea of the proposed model is exploiting the available data in the database to estimate the missing values. Besides, the model tries to explore the crowd-sourced database in order to provide more accurate results, when local database failed to provide precise values. In order to ensure high quality result could be obtained, certain factors should be considered for worker selection to carry out the task such as workers quality and the monetary cost. Other critical factors should be considered such as time latency to generate the results.
Changes in Activation of Serratus Anterior, Trapezius and Latissimus Dorsi With Slouched Posture

Objective To compare quantitative muscle activation between erect and slouched sitting postures in the muscles around the scapula, and to investigate the correlation between the angle of thoracic kyphosis and the alteration of muscle activity depending on two different sitting postures. Methods Ten healthy males participated in the study. Unilateral surface electromyography (SEMG) was performed for serratus anterior, middle trapezius (MT), and lower trapezius (LT), which are scapular stabilizer muscles, as well as latissimus dorsi. Participants elevated their shoulders for 3 seconds up to 90° abduction in the scapular plane, tilting 30° anterior in the coronal plane. They were told to hold the position for 10 seconds and voluntary isometric contractions were recorded by SEMG. These movement procedures were conducted for three times each for erect and slouched sitting postures and data were averaged. Results Activities of MT and LT increased significantly more in the slouched sitting posture than in the erect one. There was no significant correlation between kyphotic angle and the area under curve of each muscle. Conclusion Because MT and LT are known as prime movers of scapular rotation, the findings of this study support the notion that slouched sitting posture affects scapular movement. Such scapular dyskinesis during arm elevation leads to scapular stabilizers becoming overactive, and is relevant to muscle fatigue. Thus, slouched sitting posture could be one of the risk factors involved in musculoskeletal pain around scapulae.
CT-ultrasound registration for electromagnetic navigation of cardiac intervention

The registration of CT and ultrasound (US) can help surgeons to implement interventional surgery and diagnose the patient's condition. This research proposes a novel registration method combined with the electromagnetic navigation system for cardiac intervention. In order to obtain an initial result, a method based on the fiducial points is adapted, then a 2D slice having the maximum similarity with the US image is generated from the 3D CT model. Finally, the SURF-based algorithm is used to register the 2D slice with the US image. The innovation lies in the integration of the intensity information and feature to register preoperative CT volume model with intra-operative US image in real time. Our method is validated by phantom and clinic experiments. The phantom experiment achieved an average FRE and TRE of 0.71±0.10mm and 0.96±0.17mm.
A block coordinated update method for beam-based massive MIMO downlink scheduling based on statistical CSI

In this paper, the joint user and beam scheduling problem in beam-based massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is formulated based on the Lyapunov-drift optimization framework and the optimal scheduling policy is given in a closed-form. To address the weighted sum rate maximization problem (mixed integer programming) arisen in the Lyapunov-drift maximization, an algorithm based on the block coordinated update is proposed and proved to converge to the global optimum of the relaxed convex problem. In order to make the scheduling decisions based only upon statistical channel state information (CSI), asymptotic expressions of the downlink broadcast channel capacity are derived. Simulation results based on widely-adopted spatial channel models are given, which show that the proposed scheme is close to the optimal scheduling scheme, and outperforms the state-of-the-art beam selection schemes.
Feasibility of a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention to Manage Fatigue in Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of conducting a randomized clinical trial of an Internet-based manualized intervention to teach individuals with traumatic brain injury to manage their fatigue. Setting:Community dwelling. Participants:Forty-one participants randomized to Maximizing Energy (MAX) intervention group (n = 20) and Health Education group (n = 21). Intervention:The experimental group (MAX intervention) received an 8-week program that combined education and Problem-Solving Therapy to teach individuals to manage fatigue-related problems. The attention control group received health education. Measures:Primary outcome measures pertained to the feasibility of conducting the trial. Secondary outcomes were fatigue impact and fatigue severity assessed at baseline and postintervention. Results:Of the 65 participants referred, 41 were enrolled (63% recruitment rate), of which 3 withdrew (92% retention rate). Participants in the experimental and control groups completed their homework 75% and 85% of the time, respectively, and were equally engaged in the sessions. Participants in the experimental group were able to learn and implement the MAX intervention steps. Effect sizes for all measures ranged from small (−0.17) to medium (−0.58) in favor of the intervention group. Conclusion:Findings from the study suggest that the MAX intervention is feasible to administer to individuals with post–traumatic brain injury fatigue.
820-V GaN-on-Si Quasi-Vertical p-i-n Diodes With BFOM of 2.0 GW/cm2

In this letter, we demonstrate GaN-on-Si p-i-n diodes with high breakdown voltage and state-of-the-art Baliga’s figure of merit (BFOM) among GaN-on-Si vertical devices. The growth and doping of the GaN drift layer were optimized, leading to a remarkable electron mobility of 720 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vs for a Si doping level of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text {2} \times \text {10}^{\text {16}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> cm<sup>−3</sup>. With a 4 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-thick drift layer, we achieved an excellent breakdown voltage of 820 V and ultra-low specific on resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {on,sp}}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>) of 0.33 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}\Omega $ </tex-math> </inline-formula>cm<sup>2</sup>. This results in a BFOM of 2.0 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>, the highest value reported for GaN-on-Si vertical diodes. These results reveal the excellent prospect of GaN-on-Si for cost-effective vertical power devices.
Application of Linear Discriminant Analysis in Dimensionality Reduction for Hand Motion Classification

Application of Linear Discriminant Analysis in Dimensionality Reduction for Hand Motion Classification The classification of upper-limb movements based on surface electromyography (EMG) signals is an important issue in the control of assistive devices and rehabilitation systems. Increasing the number of EMG channels and features in order to increase the number of control commands can yield a high dimensional feature vector. To cope with the accuracy and computation problems associated with high dimensionality, it is commonplace to apply a processing step that transforms the data to a space of significantly lower dimensions with only a limited loss of useful information. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) has been successfully applied as an EMG feature projection method. Recently, a number of extended LDA-based algorithms have been proposed, which are more competitive in terms of both classification accuracy and computational costs/times with classical LDA. This paper presents the findings of a comparative study of classical LDA and five extended LDA methods. From a quantitative comparison based on seven multi-feature sets, three extended LDA-based algorithms, consisting of uncorrelated LDA, orthogonal LDA and orthogonal fuzzy neighborhood discriminant analysis, produce better class separability when compared with a baseline system (without feature projection), principle component analysis (PCA), and classical LDA. Based on a 7-dimension time domain and time-scale feature vectors, these methods achieved respectively 95.2% and 93.2% classification accuracy by using a linear discriminant classifier.
Convolutional recurrent neural network-based channel equalization: An experimental study

In this paper, we revisit the idea of using deep neural network for channel equalization to account for nonlinear channel distortions as well as temporal variations of radio signals. Our insight is leveraging the the shift-invariant properties of the convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn matched filters analogous to the tap weights of conventional equalizer. Then we feed the learned filters into a subsequent recurrent neural network (RNN) with long-short-term-memory (LSTM) cells for temporal modeling of the channel. We train our proposed CNN-RNN (CRNN) equalizer based on real testbed collected data and enlarge the generalization ability of the learned network model as much as we can to adapt to different channel conditions. Experimental results show that the SER performance for our designated single-input single-output (SISO) system which utilises quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme with the proposed CRNN-based channel equalizer outperforms that of other equalizers by average 2 to 5 dB at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Combined WSD algorithms with LSA to identify semantic similarity in unstructured textual data

Semantically related sentence may not have any word in common. However, identifying the semantic similarity between words at sentence level possess difficult challenges such as polysemy, synonyms, heterogeneity and sparsity of unstructured textual datasets. It is assumed that sentences with similar text or words in common are semantically related. It means that the standard Information Retrieval (IR) measure based on word co-occurrence are not appropriate to tackle the aforementioned challenges of identifying semantics in unstructured text documents. Many semantic similarity measures have been proposed to resolve this non-trivial issues, but many existing studies did not properly utilize the combination of Corpus and Knowledge-based approach to solve the syntactic construct and the roles of Part Of Speech in identifying semantic similarities in sentences. In this research, we aim at proposing a method for measuring sentence semantic similarity identification that combines two algorithms from the knowledge-based Word Sense Disambiguation algorithms with Latent Semantic Analysis to identify the semantic similarity of sentences and to compare results with human evaluation.
TESS and ESPRESSO discover a super-Earth and a mini-Neptune orbiting the K-dwarf TOI--238

The number of super-Earth and mini-Neptune planet discoveries has increased significantly in the last two decades thanks to transit and radial velocity (RV) surveys. When it is possible to apply both techniques, we can characterise the internal composition of exoplanets, which in turn provides unique insights on their architecture, formation and evolution. We performed a combined photometric and RV analysis of TOI--238 (TYC 6398--132--1), which has one short-orbit super-Earth planet candidate announced by NASA's TESS team. We aim to confirm its planetary nature using radial velocities taken with the ESPRESSO and HARPS spectrographs, to measure its mass, and to detect the presence of other possible planetary companions. We carried out a joint analysis by including Gaussian processes and Keplerian orbits to account for the stellar activity and planetary signals simultaneously. We detected the signal induced by TOI--238 b in the RV time series, and the presence of a second transiting planet, TOI--238 c, whose signal appears in RV and TESS data. TOI--238 b is a planet with a radius of 1.402$^ $ R$_ oplus $ and a mass of 3.40$^ $ M$_ oplus $. It orbits at a separation of 0.02118 pm 0.00038 AU of its host star, with an orbital period of 1.2730988 pm 0.0000029 days, and has an equilibrium temperature of 1311 pm 28 K. TOI--238 c has a radius of 2.18pm 0.18 R$_ oplus $ and a mass of 6.7 pm 1.1 M$_ oplus $. It orbits at a separation of 0.0749 pm 0.0013 AU of its host star, with an orbital period of 8.465652 pm 0.000031 days, and has an equilibrium temperature of 696 pm 15 K. The mass and radius of planet b are fully consistent with an Earth-like composition, making it a likely rocky super-Earth. Planet c could be a water-rich planet or a rocky planet with a small H-He atmosphere.
Haplotype inference for present-absent genotype data using previously identified haplotypes and haplotype patterns

MOTIVATION Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes vary considerably in their presence or absence on a specific regional haplotype. Because presence or absence of these genes is largely detected using locus-specific genotyping technology, the distinction between homozygosity and hemizygosity is often ambiguous. The performance of methods for haplotype inference (e.g. PL-EM, PHASE) for KIR genes may be compromised due to the large portion of ambiguous data. At the same time, many haplotypes or partial haplotype patterns have been previously identified and can be incorporated to facilitate haplotype inference for unphased genotype data. To accommodate the increased ambiguity of present-absent genotyping of KIR genes, we developed a hybrid approach combining a greedy algorithm with the Expectation-Maximization (EM) method for haplotype inference based on previously identified haplotypes and haplotype patterns. RESULTS We implemented this algorithm in a software package named HAPLO-IHP (Haplotype inference using identified haplotype patterns) and compared its performance with that of HAPLORE and PHASE on simulated KIR genotypes. We compared five measures in order to evaluate the reliability of haplotype assignments and the accuracy in estimating haplotype frequency. Our method outperformed the two existing techniques by all five measures when either 60% or 25% of previously identified haplotypes were incorporated into the analyses. AVAILABILITY The HAPLO-IHP is available at http://www.soph. uab.edu/Statgenetics/People/KZhang/HAPLO-IHP/index.html. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An Extensible Ad Hoc Interface between Lean and Mathematica

We implement a user-extensible ad hoc connection between the Lean proof assistant and the computer algebra system Mathematica. By reflecting the syntax of each system in the other and providing a flexible interface for extending translation, our connection allows for the exchange of arbitrary information between the two systems. We show how to make use of the Lean metaprogramming framework to verify certain Mathematica computations, so that the rigor of the proof assistant is not compromised.
Investigation of three potential autoantibodies in Sjogren's syndrome and associated MALT lymphoma

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease which might progress to mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (pSS/MALT). Diagnosis of pSS requires an invasive tissue biopsy and a delay in diagnosis of pSS has been frequently reported. In this study, four proteins including cofilin-1, alpha-enolase, annexin A2 and Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (RGI2) were found to be over-expressed in pSS and pSS/MALT by 2D gel electrophoresis/mass spectrometry, and the finding was verified by the microarray analysis and western blotting results. We then developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for autoantibodies including anti-cofilin-1, anti-alpha-enolase and anti-RGI2 with good quantitative ability. The expression levels of salivary anti-cofilin-1, anti-alpha-enolase and anti-RGI2 were found to be the highest in pSS/MALT patients and lowest in healthy controls. The combination of these three antiantibodies yielded an “area under the curve” (AUC) value of 0.94 with an 86% sensitivity and 93% specificity in distinguishing patients with pSS from healthy controls, an AUC value of 0.99 with a 95% sensitivity and 94% specificity in distinguishing patients with pSS/MALT from healthy controls and an AUC value of 0.86 with a 75% sensitivity and 94% specificity in distinguishing pSS/MALT patients from pSS patients. Collectively, we have successfully identified a panel of potential autoantigens that are progressively up-regulated during the development of pSS and its progression to MALT lymphoma. The autoantibody biomarkers may be used to help diagnose pSS and predict its progression to MALT lymphoma.
Large Area Solution Processed Poly (Dimethylsiloxane)-Based Thin Film Sensor Patch for Wearable Electrocardiogram Detection

This letter develops a thin film electrocardiography (ECG) sensor patch using poly (dimethylsiloxane) as the base material, which can be fabricated with low cost and large area compatible coating processes. This design enables easy integration with the readout circuit board to form a compact ECG patch system for wearable uses. The ultra-thin and soft PDMS film make it conform well to the curvilinear skin surface for low electrode-to-skin impedance and strong adhesion. By using dispensed silver paste on the copper tape film, reliable and highly conductive connection is built between the skin surface electrode and the readout circuit. A two-electrode configuration ECG patch system was made and worn on a volunteer for a whole day. The test results show that the measured signal quality with this ECG sensor patch will not be affected after normal activities.
Decreased resting gamma activity in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Abstract Objectives: To delineate task-free gamma activity in adult ADHD and healthy control subjects based on high-density EEG recordings. Relationship of gamma activity with symptom severity was also examined, since gamma activity is considered to be an index of network functions in the brain that underlie higher-order cognitive processes. Methods: Spontaneous EEG was recorded in adult ADHD subjects (N = 42; 25 methylphenidate-naïve and 17 on methylphenidate treatment) and controls (N = 59) with eyes open. EEG absolute power gamma was investigated in the gamma1 (30.25–39 Hz) and gamma2 (39.25–48 Hz) frequency bands. Results: Gamma1 and gamma2 activity was diminished in ADHD compared with healthy control subjects. The difference between ADHD and controls was the most pronounced in the right centroparietal region for both gamma1 and gamma2. Inverse associations were found between gamma1 and gamma2 activity and ADHD symptoms in centroparietal scalp regions. Conclusions: Gamma activity is reduced in adult ADHD, and the reduction has a predominantly right centroparietal distribution. Our findings are consistent with childhood ADHD literature with respect to diminished posterior gamma activity in patients, which may reflect altered dorsal attention network functions. Gamma abnormalities might provide a link between neurophysiological functioning and neuropsychological deficiencies, thereby offering an opportunity to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the clinical symptoms of ADHD.