Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extinction of Liquid Conservation by Modeling: Three Indicators of Its Artificiality

ROBERT, MICHELE, and CHARBONNEAU, CLAUDE. Extinction of Liquid Conservation by Modeling: Three Indicators of Its Artificiality. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 194-200. In order to assess the authenticity of the extinction of liquid quantity conservation induced by social pressure, conservers observed the live modeling of nonconservation. In addition, the model contradicted the conservers' pretest answers in both an opinion and an operant task designed to allow evaluation of the model's ascendancy. The children were retested in the model's presence or absence. The posttest included items measuring generalization of extinction to nonmodeled conservation problems. For both the conservation and the operant task, extinction occurred only in the model's presence, whereas in the latter's absence some extinction was also observed in the opinion task. Generalization was found only on items closely similar to the modeled conservation task. Regression on one of the generalization tasks was related to the degree of adoption of the model's opinions and operant errors. It is suggested that the obtained extinction was artificial, since regression was placed under social control while immediate generalization was restricted and associated with submissiveness to social influence.
A multi-tier RAID storage system with RAID1 and RAID5

Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) is a popular technique used to improve the reliability and performance of secondary storage. Of various levels of RAID discussed, RAID1 and RAID5 have become more popular. Mirroring or RAID1 maintains multiple copies of the data, generally provides best performance and is easier to configure. Rotating parity scheme or RAID5 is the least expensive RAID scheme with good large update performance. It suffers from poor small update performance and performance drops sharply when a diskfails and the array enters degraded mode. Configuring RAID5 is more involved. This paper presents the design and implementation of a host-based driver for a multi-tier RAID storage system, currently with 2 tiers: a small RAID1 tier and a larger RAID5 tier. Based on access patterns, the driver automatically migrates frequently accessed data to RAID1 while demoting not so frequently accessed data to RAID5. The prototype provides reliable persistence semantics for data migration between the tiers using ordered updates. Mechanisms are separated from policies through an API so that any desired policy can be implemented in trusted user processes. Finally, we present comparison of the performance of our system with comparable systems using striping and RAID5.
Identification of fetal sufferance antepartum through a multiparametric analysis and a support vector machine

The present work is concerned with the automatic identification of fetal sufferance in intrauterine growth retarded (IUGR) fetuses, based on a multiparametric analysis of cardiotocographic recordings feeding a neural classifier. As classification tool, we propose a SVM (support vector machine), which receives the set of linear and nonlinear parameters extracted from the fetal heart rate signal (FHR) as input and gives the indication of fetal distress as output. SVM is a powerful supervised learning algorithm belonging to the statistical learning theory. It minimizes the structural risk performance in various classification problems. Three SVMs are built with different kernels. Their training set includes 70 cases: 35 normal and 35 IUGR suffering fetuses. Classification results obtained with a 2nd order polynomial kernel, on a test set of 30 unknown cases, show good values of accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. The SVM performance is very similar to that obtained with multilayer perceptron and neurofuzzy classifiers proposed in previous works. The introduction of a hybrid unsupervised/supervised learning scheme integrating independent component analysis (ICA) with SVM will be the natural development of this work with a further improvement of the diagnostic ability of the system.
MOTION CONTROL OF MOBILE ROBOTS IN INDOOR DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS

This paper presents a motion control method for mobile robots in partially known dynamic indoor environments based on integration of path planning search algorithm and dynamic window local obstacle avoidance algorithm. Three different graph based search algorithms for global geometrical path planning are considered and compared: A*, D* and focussed D* algorithm. The global geometric path in a grid map is further transformed to a robot trajectory by taking into account the kinematic and dynamic robot constraints. In the presented work, dynamic window local obstacle avoidance generates the admissible robot trajectories that ensure safe robot motion. A simple and efficient procedure to the selection of appropriate motion commands based upon alignment of acquired trajectories and global geometric path is proposed. The initial a priori knowledge about the environment is used in the form of the occupancy grid map that is incrementally updated in runtime. The algorithms are verified both by simulation and experiments with a Pioneer 2DX mobile robot equipped with laser range finder.
Text classification based on semi-supervised learning

In this paper, we present our solution and experimental results of the application of semi-supervised machine learning techniques and the improvement of SVM algorithm to build text classification applications. Firstly, we create a features model which is based on labeled data, and then we will be improved it by the unlabeled data. The technique that is to be added a label into new data is based on binary classification. Our experiment is implemented on three data layers which are extracted from papers in three topics sports, entertainment and education on VNEXPRESS.NET. We experimented and compared the accuracy of the classification results between before and after improve features model through semi-supervised machine learning method and classification algorithm based on SVM model. Experiments show that classification quality is enhanced after improvement features model.
SOA thresholds for the perception of discrete/continuous tactile stimulation

In this paper we present an experiment to measure the upper and lower thresholds of the Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) for continuous/discrete apparent haptic motion. We focus on three stimulation parameters: the burst duration, the SOA time, and the inter-actuator distance (between successive actuation points). The experimental setup is based on a set of six (6) vibrotactile actuators to investigate effects of the inter-actuator distance (over the range 4 cm to 20 cm) on the respective SOA thresholds. We found that as the burst duration increases, subjects detected the simultaneous-discrete boundary at lower SOA. Furthermore, the larger the inter-actuator distance, the more linear the relationship between the burst duration and the SOA timing. Finally, the large range between lower and upper thresholds for SOA can be utilized to create continuous movement stimulation on the skin at “varying speeds”. The results are discussed in reference to designing a tactile interface for providing continuous haptic motion with a desired speed of continuous tactile stimulation.
Evaluation of preparatory measures for coping with anxiety raised by media coverage of terrorism.

This study examines effects of television broadcasts of terrorism on viewers' anxiety and raises suggestions for 2 intervention strategies to moderate elevated anxiety. Participants were 120 young Israeli adults randomly allocated to a terrorism or a nonterrorism television broadcast and assigned to 1 of 3 intervention conditions prior to exposure-cognitive based, emotional based, or none. Anxiety was measured explicitly and projectively prior and subsequent to manipulation. Results showed greater posttest anxiety in terrorism versus nonterrorism groups. In the terrorism group, therapeutic interventions led to lower posttest levels of explicit and projective anxiety than the control intervention, with advantage to the cognitive intervention on projective anxiety. In the nonterrorism group, the emotional intervention produced greater posttest anxiety on the explicit anxiety measure. Findings indicate noxious effects of television coverage of terrorism and suggest preparatory measures that maximize public coping.
Functional Study of -724I/D Polymorphism in Apolipoprotein M (apoM) Gene Promoter Region and its Association with Myocardial Infarction

Background The aim of this study was to detect the function of -724I/D polymorphism in the apolipoprotein M (apoM) gene promoter region and to determine its relationship with myocardial infarction (MI). Material/Methods We selected 309 patients with MI and 309 healthy controls for this case-control study. The PCR products of the apoM gene promoter region were directly sequenced to analyze the -724I/D polymorphism. Differences in frequency distributions of genotype and allele were compared between the MI group and the control group. We used gene recombination and site-directed mutagenesis technique to observe the impact of -724 I/D on transcription activity of apoM gene promoter in vitro. Results The allele frequency of the -724Del in the MI group was higher than that in the control group (9.5% vs. 3.2%, OR=3.156, 95% CI (1.876~5.309), P<0.001). Compared to the I/I genotype carriers, the apoM levels decreased but the total cholesterol (TC) levels increased significantly in the -724Del allele carriers in plasma. The activity of apoM I/I genotype promoter decreased significantly after the deletion mutation at -724 position in apoM gene. Conclusions -724 I/D polymorphism decreases the apoM promoter activity, down-regulates the apoM protein expression level, and increases the risk of MI.
To Control False Positives in Gene-Gene Interaction Analysis: Two Novel Conditional Entropy-Based Approaches

Genome-wide analysis of gene-gene interactions has been recognized as a powerful avenue to identify the missing genetic components that can not be detected by using current single-point association analysis. Recently, several model-free methods (e.g. the commonly used information based metrics and several logistic regression-based metrics) were developed for detecting non-linear dependence between genetic loci, but they are potentially at the risk of inflated false positive error, in particular when the main effects at one or both loci are salient. In this study, we proposed two conditional entropy-based metrics to challenge this limitation. Extensive simulations demonstrated that the two proposed metrics, provided the disease is rare, could maintain consistently correct false positive rate. In the scenarios for a common disease, our proposed metrics achieved better or comparable control of false positive error, compared to four previously proposed model-free metrics. In terms of power, our methods outperformed several competing metrics in a range of common disease models. Furthermore, in real data analyses, both metrics succeeded in detecting interactions and were competitive with the originally reported results or the logistic regression approaches. In conclusion, the proposed conditional entropy-based metrics are promising as alternatives to current model-based approaches for detecting genuine epistatic effects.
Healthcare professionals’ and mothers’ knowledge of, attitudes to and experiences with, Baby-Led Weaning: a content analysis study

Objective Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is an alternative approach for introducing complementary foods to infants that emphasises infant self-feeding rather than adult spoon-feeding. Here we examined healthcare professionals’ and mothers’ knowledge of, attitudes to and experiences with, BLW. Design, setting and participants Healthcare professionals (n=31) and mothers who had used BLW (n=20) completed a semistructured interview using one of two tailored interview schedules examining their knowledge of, attitudes to and experiences with, BLW. Interview notes and transcripts were analysed using content analysis to identify subcategories and extract illustrative quotes. Results Healthcare professionals had limited direct experience with BLW and the main concerns raised were the potential for increased risk of choking, iron deficiency and inadequate energy intake. Although they suggested a number of potential benefits of BLW (greater opportunity for shared family meal times, fewer mealtime battles, healthier eating behaviours, greater convenience and possible developmental advantages) most felt reluctant to recommend BLW because of their concern about the potential increased risk of choking. In contrast, mothers who had used this style of feeding reported no major concerns with BLW. They considered BLW to be a healthier, more convenient and less stressful way to introduce complementary foods to their infant and recommended this feeding approach to other mothers. Although mothers did not report being concerned about choking, 30% reported at least one choking episode—most commonly with raw apple. Conclusions Given the lack of research on BLW, further work is needed to determine whether the concerns expressed by healthcare professionals and potential benefits outlined by mothers are valid. The current study suggests that there is a mismatch between healthcare professionals' and mothers’ knowledge of, attitudes to and experiences, with BLW.
Yeast regulatory protein LEU3: a structure-function analysis.

Eleven mutations resulting in partially deleted or truncated LEU3 protein were generated by linker insertion or other modifications at restriction sites, deletion of restriction fragments, or oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. Functional studies of these mutants showed the following: (i) A specific DNA binding region is contained within the 173 N-terminal residues, but other regions of the protein are required for optimal binding. (ii) Activation of LEU2 expression depends on the C-terminal 113 residues of the LEU3 protein. (iii) Deletion of part or all of a central section of LEU3 eliminates the ability of the LEU3 protein to respond to the co-activator alpha-isopropylmalate, i.e. creates an unmodulated activator. (iv) Overproduction of unmodulated activator slows down cell growth. (v) Specific deletion of two short acidic regions, including one with net charge - 19, has only minor effects on activation and modulation.
Visualizing Informal Professional Development Networks

Informal learning has become an important driver for professional development and workplace learning. Yet, however powerful informal learning may be, there is a problem when it comes to making it a real asset within organizations: Informal learning activities are spontaneous and mostly invisible to others. The aim of this study is to develop a method that helps raise awareness about these activities using a learning analytics approach. This method concentrates on detecting and visualizing informal professional social networks and finding ways in which their presence and accessibility can be improved. This study shows that the presented methodology is a promising research-driven intervention. With this methodology we can detect multiple (isolated) networks in organizations, connect ideas, and facilitate value creation. Using this approach, organizations can link with existing informal networks of practice and unlock their potential for organizational learning by giving them a voice and making their results more explicit within the organization.
Psychometrische Analyse eines neuen Fragebogens zur Erfassung der Akzeptanz von unangenehmen und angenehmen Gefühlen (FrAGe)

Zusammenfassung. Die Akzeptanz von Gefuhlen ist eine zentrale, der psychischen Gesundheit dienliche Emotionsregulationsstrategie. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung besteht in einer ersten Uberprufung der testtheoretischen Kennwerte eines neu entwickelten Fragebogens zur Akzeptanz von unangenehmen und angenehmen Gefuhlen. In zwei Studien mit 171 und 207 nicht klinischen Probanden wurden die testtheoretischen Kennwerte des ‹Fragebogens zur Akzeptanz von Gefuhlen (FrAGe)› bestimmt. Der FrAGe enthalt Items aus den Bereichen Akzeptanz angenehmer Gefuhle, Akzeptanz unangenehmer Gefuhle, Unterdruckung angenehmer Gefuhle und Unterdruckung unangenehmer Gefuhle. Zur ersten Validierung wurden die ‹Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)› und eine Kurzversion der ‹Symptomcheckliste (SCL-K-9)› eingesetzt. Die ursprungliche Fragebogenversion mit 40 Items wurde in der ersten Studie auf Basis von Itemanalysen uberarbeitet und auf 32 Items gekurzt. Die zweite Studie zeigte gute bis zufriedenstellende Itemkennwerte sowi.
A recommender system based on genetic algorithm for music data

Nowadays, recommender systems are widely implemented in E-commerce websites to assist customers in finding the items they need. A recommender system should also be able to provide users with useful information about the items that might interest them. The ability of promptly responding to changes in user's preference is a valuable asset for such systems. This paper presents an innovative recommender system for music data that combines two methodologies, the content-based filtering technique and the interactive genetic algorithm. The proposed system aims to effectively adapt and respond to immediate changes in users' preferences. The experiments conducted in an objective manner exhibit that our system is able to recommend items suitable with the subjective favorite of each individual user.
A Theoretical and Empirical Examination of Identity as Coping: Linking Coping Resources to the Self Processes of African American Youth

Spencer's (1995) Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory is presented as a theoretical framework to integrate issues of context, coping, and identity in human development. The relation of coping supports (i.e., cultural socialization and spirituality) to psychological well-being was investigated for a sample of low resource African American youth. Results suggest that employment of religion and spirituality and cultural pride as a form of coping is important in the development of a healthy sense of self and a healthy sense of self in relation to others, especially among Black adolescent boys. The finding was not replicated among girls, suggesting the need to investigate other forms of support.
Moral accounting? Employee disclosures from a stakeholder accountability perspective

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine how disclosure of employee issues by a large UK bank may or may not promote transparency and accountability (as assessed by the completeness of the account) toward the employee stakeholder group, and to shed light on the implications of the organisation-society relationship for employee accountability. Design/methodology/approach - The intrinsic stakeholder framework forms the basis of the qualitative, longitudinal analysis. It is adopted as the moral ground for the provision of a “complete” account of employee issues. In seeking to shed light on the organisation-society relationship and its implications for reporting on employee issues the authors build a broader theoretical framework incorporating various social and political theories dealing with legitimacy, political economy, and language and rhetoric. Interpretive and critical approaches are employed. The analysis draws on an extensive review of published materials relating to employment in the UK retail banking industry and NatWest in particular, impacts of workplace changes occurring in the banking sector, and to the economic, social and political environment over the period of the study. Findings - The findings indicate that what and how NatWest reported on employee issues was influenced by considerations other than transparency and employee accountability. The analysis highlights the complexity of the role of disclosures in the organisation-society relationship and consequently the limitations of the use of a single theoretical framework to interpret disclosures. Research limitations/implications - The longitudinal analysis indicates how reporting practices are issue and context dependent and points to the limitations of theorising in corporate social reporting based on a single time frame and a limited analysis of the reported issues. Practical implications - In highlighting a lack of accountability to employees, the findings have implications for the development of reporting standards on issues relevant to employees. Over time, it is hoped that development of an employee inclusive reporting framework, along with exposure of the contradictory role that reports may play in promoting accountability, will contribute toward improved employee management practices. Originality/value - This study contributes to the corporate social reporting literature by extending the analysis beyond the firm focused stakeholder management perspective to considering disclosures from a moral perspective and the extent to which the complex organisation-society relationship might work against the promotion of transparency and accountability toward stakeholders (specifically employees). In this way, through an in-depth longitudinal analysis of disclosures from multiple perspectives, the paper contributes to theorising of the role of social disclosure in the organisation-society relationship.
On Assessing Creative Writing

Abstract The author reflects on the standards and mechanics of judging creative writing, at university, in schools and in the literary world, and finds a continuity of heritage and a consensus of opinion, which gives the lie to the belief that creative assessment is only a question of value judgment. Even the bureaucratic imperatives by which assessment methodology is constructed can confer unexpected benefits.
Intergenerational Change in Ethnic Identity in the Puerto Rican Family 1

This research focuses upon intergenerational changes in ethnic identity within the family. The analysis is guided by the theoretical postulate that ethnic identity is influenced by receptivity to external influences stemming from the host society and by length of exposure to the new host environment. Findings indicate that both education and age at arrival have significant independent effects upon the ethnic identity of mothers, fathers and children and that the child's education and age at arrival are significantly and independently related to changes in ethnic identity in the family.