Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parenting and Child Personality, Relations with Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Children

The current study extends previous research by focusing on main and interactive effects of parenting and child personality on more specific externalizing problems, namely childhood reactive and proactive aggression. The sample consisted of 137 4 th grade children at risk for developing externalizing behavior problems. Parents (mothers n = 127, fathers n = 79) reported on quality of parent-child relationship, exhibited positive and negative control and childhood aggression. Teachers (n = 50) reported on child Big Five personality traits. Multiple regression analyses revealed that a warm, affective relationship with both parents is related to less reactive aggression. In addition, a warm affective relationship with mother and high levels of paternal positive control were associated with less proactive aggression. Furthermore, low levels of child extraversion and high levels of child emotional stability were associated with proactive aggression. No interactive effects of child personality and parenting on child aggression were found. The results suggest that it is necessary to differentiate between subtypes of aggression and paternal and maternal parenting when targeting childhood aggression.
Compiling PCRE to FPGA for accelerating SNORT IDS

Deep Payload Inspection systems like SNORT and BRO utilize regular expression for their rules due to their high expressibility and compactness. The SNORT IDS system uses the PCRE Engine for regular expression matching on the payload. The software based PCRE Engine utilizes an NFA engine based on certain opcodes which are determined by the regular expression operators in a rule. Each rule in the SNORT ruleset is translated by PCRE compiler into an unique regular expression engine. Since the software based PCRE engine can match the payload with a single regular expression at a time, and needs to do so for multiple rules in the ruleset, the throughput of the SNORT IDS system dwindles as each packet is processed through a multitude of regular expressions. In this paper we detail our implementation of hardware based regular expression engines for the SNORT IDS by transforming the PCRE opcodes generated by the PCRE compiler from SNORT regular expression rules. Our compiler generates VHDL code corresponding to the opcodes generated for the SNORT regular expression rules. We have tuned our hardware implementation to utilize an NFA based regular expression engine, using greedy quantifiers, in much the same way as the software based PCRE engine. Our system implements a regular expression only once for each new rule in the SNORT ruleset, thus resulting in a fast system that scales well with new updates. We implement two hundred PCRE engines based on a plethora of SNORT IDS rules, and use a Virtex-4 LX200 FPGA, on the SGI RASC RC 100 Blade connected to the SGI ALTIX 4700 supercomputing system as a testbed. We obtain an interface through-put of (12.9 GBits/s) and also a maximum speedup of 353X over software based PCRE execution.
An activity theory analysis of social epistemologies within tertiary-level eLearning environments

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv TABLE OF CONTENTS . v LIST OF FIGURES . xi LIST OF APPENDICES . xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.0 Introduction . 1 1.1 The Focus of this Research . 3 1.2 A Personal Perspective . 7 1.3 A Note about Terminology . 10 1.4 The Structure of this Thesis . 11 1.5 Chapter Summary . 13 CHAPTER TWO: THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK . 14 2.0 Introduction . 14 2.1 Social Theories of Learning . 15 2.1.1 Situated Activity is the Cognitive Unit of Analysis . 16 2.1.2 Learning is Becoming a Member of a Community . 18 2.1.3 Learning is Mediated by Cultural Artefacts . 19 2.1.4 Summary . 21 2.2 Social Conceptualisations of Literacy . 21 2.2.1 Social Conceptualisations of Academic Literacy . 23 2.2.2 Intersections with the Field of Multiliteracies . 26 2.2.3 Summary . 27 2.3 eLearning in Higher Education . 28 2.3.1 The Rise and Expansion of eLearning . 29 2.3.2 Uncertainty in the Field of eLearning . 32 2.3.2.1 The need to represent the complexity of eLearning . 33 2.3.2.2 The need for more critical perspectives . 38 2.3.2.3 The need for studies of everyday eLearning practices . 41 2.3.2.4 EAL students in mainstream tertiary-level eLearning settings . 42 2.3.3 The Objectives of this Study . 46 vi 2.3. 4 Summary . 48 2.4 Expanding Conceptions of Participation in eLearning . 49 2.4.1 Conceptualising Participation in eLearning . 50 2.4.2 Summary . 54 2.5 Chapter Summary . 54 CHAPTER THREE: ACTIVITY THEORY . 56 3.0 Introduction . 56 3.1 A Description of Activity Theory . 57 3.1.1 First Generation Activity Theory: The Concept of Cultural Mediation . 58 3.1.1.1 The zone of proximal development . 60 3.1.2 Second Generation Activity Theory: Relating the Individual to the Collective . 61 3.1.2.1 Contradictions within activity systems . 65 3.1.3 Third Generation Activity Theory: Inter-activity Perspectives . 66 3.2 Activity Theory as a Research Tool . 68 3.2.1 Uses of Activity Theory in the Literature . 68 3.2.2 Activity as the Participatory Unit of Analysis . 70 3.2.3: Methodological Implications for this Inquiry . 73 3.3 Chapter Summary . 76 CHAPTER FOUR: THE RESEARCH PROCESS . 78 4.0 Introduction . 78 4.1 Contextual Considerations . 79 4.1.1 The Research Question . 80 4.1.2 The Use of Activity Theory as a Conceptual Tool . 80 4.1.3 The Personal Philosophy of the Researcher . 81 4.2 Theoretical Considerations . 82 4.2.1 Ontological Considerations . 82 4.2.2 Epistemological Considerations . 83 4.2.3 Action Research Considerations . 84 4.3 Selecting a Qualitative Paradigm . 88 4.4 Methodological Considerations . 89 4.4.1 An Ethnographical Perspective . 91 4.4.2 A Phenomenological Perspective . 93
Inducing Letter-by-letter Dyslexia in Normal Readers

Letter-by-letter (LBL) dyslexia is an acquired reading disorder characterized by very slow reading and a large linear word length effect. This suggests the use of a sequential LBL strategy, in sharp contrast with the parallel letter processing used by normal subjects. Recently, we have proposed that the reading difficulty of LBL dyslexics is due to a deficit in discriminating visually similar letters based on parallel letter processing [Arguin, M. , Fiset, S. , & Bub, D. Sequential and parallel letter processing in letter-by-letter dyslexia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 19, 535555, 2002]. The visual mechanisms underlying this deficit and the LBL strategy, however, are still unknown. In this article, we propose that LBL dyslexic patients have lost the ability to use, for parallel letter processing, the optimal spatial frequency band for letter and word recognition. We claim that, instead, they rely on lower spatial frequencies for parallel processing, that these lower spatial frequencies produce confusions between visually similar letters, and that the LBL compensatory strategy allows them to extract higher spatial frequencies. The LBL strategy would thus increase the spatial resolution of the visual system, effectively resolving the issue pertaining to between-letter similarity. In Experiments 1 and 2, we succeeded in replicating the main features characterizing LBL dyslexia by having normal individuals read low-contrast, high-pass-filtered words. Experiment 3, conducted in LBL dyslexic L.H. , shows that, indeed, the letter confusability effect is based on low spatial frequencies, whereas this effect was not supported by high spatial frequencies.
Radiation dose associated with common computed tomography examinations and the associated lifetime attributable risk of cancer.

BACKGROUND Use of computed tomography (CT) for diagnostic evaluation has increased dramatically over the past 2 decades. Even though CT is associated with substantially higher radiation exposure than conventional radiography, typical doses are not known. We sought to estimate the radiation dose associated with common CT studies in clinical practice and quantify the potential cancer risk associated with these examinations. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study describing radiation dose associated with the 11 most common types of diagnostic CT studies performed on 1119 consecutive adult patients at 4 San Francisco Bay Area institutions in California between January 1 and May 30, 2008. We estimated lifetime attributable risks of cancer by study type from these measured doses. RESULTS Radiation doses varied significantly between the different types of CT studies. The overall median effective doses ranged from 2 millisieverts (mSv) for a routine head CT scan to 31 mSv for a multiphase abdomen and pelvis CT scan. Within each type of CT study, effective dose varied significantly within and across institutions, with a mean 13-fold variation between the highest and lowest dose for each study type. The estimated number of CT scans that will lead to the development of a cancer varied widely depending on the specific type of CT examination and the patient's age and sex. An estimated 1 in 270 women who underwent CT coronary angiography at age 40 years will develop cancer from that CT scan (1 in 600 men), compared with an estimated 1 in 8100 women who had a routine head CT scan at the same age (1 in 11 080 men). For 20-year-old patients, the risks were approximately doubled, and for 60-year-old patients, they were approximately 50% lower. CONCLUSION Radiation doses from commonly performed diagnostic CT examinations are higher and more variable than generally quoted, highlighting the need for greater standardization across institutions.
Approximation Algorithms for P2P Orienteering and Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem

We consider the P2P orienteering problem on general metrics and present a (2+{\epsilon}) approximation algorithm. In the stochastic P2P orienteering problem we are given a metric and each node has a fixed reward and random size. The goal is to devise a strategy for visiting the nodes so as to maximize the expected value of the reward without violating the budget constraints. We present an approximation algorithm for the non-adaptive variant of the P2P Stochastic orienteering. As an implication of the approximation to the stochastic P2P orienteering problem, we define a stochastic vehicle routing problem with time-windows and present a constant factor approximation solution.
Fragment of Nonstandard Analysis with a Finitary Consistency Proof

Abstract We introduce a nonstandard arithmetic NQA− based on the theory developed by R. Chuaqui and P. Suppes in [2] (we will denote it by NQA+), with a weakened external open minimization schema. A finitary consistency proof for NQA− formalizable in PRA is presented. We also show interesting facts about the strength of the theories NQA−and NQA+; NQA−is mutually interpretable with IΔ0 + EXP, and on the other hand, NQA+interprets the theories IΣ1 and WKL0.
Renal tubular excretion of urea in kangaroo rats.

I N PREVIOUS work, it was found that the ‘osmotic ceiling’ in the urine from the desert rodents Heteromyidae is exceptionally high compared with the osmotic ceiling in urine from other mammals. This mechanism is of importance to water conservation. The general objective of the further investigations was to find in what respects the function of the heteromyid kidney differs from that of other mammalian kidneys. The emphasis of the present study was upon the demonstration of tubular excretion of urea, but information concerning glomerular filtration rate and salt excretion has also been obtained. As described in previous papers (I-3), the heteromyids are able to excrete a urine with urea concentrations up to 3.8 M ( 23yO). These high concentrations of urea in the urine were found in animals with plasma urea concentrations around IO mM. This means that the urine was about 400 times as concentrated with respect to urea as the plasma. Such high urine/plasma (U/P) concentration ratios have not been found in other mammals. In man maximum urea U/P ratio is about 170 (4), in dog it is about 220 (s), and in white rats we have found values up to 200. The high urea U/P ratios in the heteromyids could be a result of: I) high tubular reabsorption of water, 2) low permeability of the tubular wall to urea, 3) active tubular excretion of urea. Tubular excretion of urea has not been demonstrated in other mammals, but it has been found in the frog by Marshall (6) and Walker and Hudson (7), and in the aglomerular fish by Grafflin (8). The tubular excretion of urea seemed to the author the most likely of the three possibilities, and attempts were made to establish conditions that would be optimal for the demonstration of the hypothetical tubular excretion. The demonstration would depend on the finding of urea clearances higher than simultaneous inulin clearances. This could probably best be accomplished by increasing the diuresis and thereby decreasing the back diffusion of urea, and also, if possible, by increasing the tubular excretion of urea. In Berliner and Kennedy’s work with tubular excretion of potassium (9), it was found that potassium excretion could be increased upon repeated oral administration of potassium salts over a period of time. The possibility suggested itself that tubular excretion of urea might be increased in a similar way, i.e. by the administration of a high protein diet over a period of time. The experiments reported on the following pages show that the urea/inulin clearance ratio is increased in heteromyids maintained on a high protein diet. Under such conditions urea/inulin clearance ratios higher than unity were found repeatedly.
Relaxation in ferret ventricular myocytes: unusual interplay among calcium transport systems.

Transport systems responsible for removing Ca2+ from the myoplasm during relaxation in isolated ferret ventricular myocytes were studied using caffeine‐induced contractures. Internal calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured with the fluorescent calcium indicator indo‐1, and the results were compared with our recent detailed characterizations in rabbit and rat myocytes. Relaxation and [Ca2+]i decline during a twitch in ferret myocytes were fast and similar to that in rat myocytes (i.e. half‐time, t 1/2 approximately 100‐160 ms). During a caffeine‐induced contracture (SR Ca2+ accumulation prevented), relaxation was still relatively fast (t 1/2 = 0.57 s) and similar to relaxation in rabbit supported mainly by a strong Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange. When both the SR Ca2+ uptake and Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange are blocked (by caffeine and 0 Na+, 0 Ca2+ solution) relaxation in the ferret myocyte is remarkably fast (approximately 5‐fold) compared with rabbit and rat myocytes. The decline of the Cai2+ transient was also fast under these conditions. These values were similar to those in rat under conditions where relaxation is due primarily to Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange. Additional inhibition of either the sarcolemmal Ca(2+)‐ATPase or mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake caused only modest slowing of the relaxation of caffeine‐induced contracture in 0 Na+, 0 Ca2+ (t 1/2 increased to approximately 3 s). In rabbit myocytes the relaxation t 1/2 is slowed to 20‐30 s by these procedures. Even when the systems responsible for slow relaxation in rabbit ventricular myocytes are inhibited (i.e. sarcolemmal Ca(2+)‐ATPase and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake) along with the SR Ca(2+)‐ATPase and Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange, relaxation and [Ca2+]i decline in ferret myocytes remain rapid compared with rabbit myocytes. Ca2+ taken up by mitochondria in rabbit myocytes during a caffeine contracture in 0 Na+, 0 Ca2+ solution gradually returns to the SR after caffeine removal, but this component appears to be much smaller in ferret myocytes under the same conditions. We tested for possible residual Ca2+ transport by each of the four systems which suffice to explain Ca2+ removal from the cytoplasm in rabbit (SR Ca(2+)‐ATPase, Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange, sarcolemmal Ca(2+)‐ATPase and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake). We conclude that there is an additional calcium transport system at work in ferret myocytes. For this additional system, our results are most compatible with a trans‐sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport, but neither a cation exchanger nor a Ca(2+)‐ATPase with characteristics like that in other cardiac cells. This additional system appears able to transport Ca2+ nearly as fast as the Na(+)‐Ca2+ exchange in rat ventricular myocytes.
The correlation between mothers’ participation in infant care in the NICU and their anxiety and problem-solving skill levels in caregiving

Abstract Objective: To examine the correlation between mothers’ participation in infant care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and their anxiety and problem-solving skill levels in caregiving. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 340 mothers whose babies were in the NICU. Data were collected with a questionnaire, a Participation in Caregiving Observation Form, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Problem-solving Skills Evaluation Form. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. Results: The mothers were with their babies an average of 6.28 ± 2.43 (range: 1–20) times a day, participating in many basic procedures of care. A negative correlation was found between the mothers' scores on the Participation in Caregiving Observation Form and their State and Trait Anxiety Inventory scores (respectively, r = −0.48, p < 0.001 and r = −0.12, p < 0.05), but a positive correlation was observed between the Problem-solving Process (r = 0.41, p < 0.001) and the Baby Care Skills (r = 0.24, p < 0.001) Subscale scores. Conclusions: The study revealed that mothers participated in many basic caregiving procedures in the NICU and this participation resulted in reduced state and trait anxiety levels and an improvement in the mothers' problem-solving skills with respect to baby care and related problems.
Landscape of meaning and memory in Marabastad

This research dissertation explores how the symbolic space of public space, and therefore memory and meaning attached to a place, could inspire the process of the design for a landscape intervention. The research argues that community identity of a neighbourhood can be enhanced through the landscape and, more specifically, through the memory that a landscape holds. Furthermore, it suggests that relationships can be fostered within a community through the use of urban public space. Public space is a platform for the initiation of events which in turn provides the opportunity for interaction and therefore the conception of relationships. The area of study is Marabastad in South Africa, which underwent a number of forced evictions during the Apartheid regime. This community was uprooted and forced to live in racially demarcated areas. The development plans for Marabastad suggest that previous residents have the opportunity to return to their land. Adding to this, a new residential component is proposed for the area. This suggests that a new community would be present. It would consist of people who do not know one another as well as a combination of people who do and do not have knowledge of the area’s past. In order to initiate the interactions between these community members the author proposed a landscape intervention in the form of urban public space for Marabastad. The physical landscape intervention was conceived through recognising the memory that the site holds. The memory of certain events was revealed while at the same time the opportunity for new memories and associations to the landscape was created. In this way the traumatic past that Marabastad has experienced is overlaid with new and inspiring memories. 1.1 Background to study 16 1.2 Research question 16 1.3 Hypothesis 17 1.4 Sub questions 17 1.5 Design and research methodology 17 1.6 Research methods 17 1.7 Delimitations 17 1.8 Assumptions 18 1.9 Site location 18 1.10 Aims of the study 18 2.1 History of Marabastad 21 2.2 Marabi culture 23 2.3 Marabastad today 24 2.4 City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality development proposals 26 3.1 Identity 27 3.2 Community 27 3.3 Public space 28 3.4 Events 29 3.5 Landscape 30 3.6 Memory 31 3.7 Conclusion 32 Chapter 2: Context Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 3: Theoretical Framework Table of
Integration of Image Segmentation Method in Inverse Scattering for Brain Tumour Detection

This paper presents a microwave imaging for brain tumour detection utilizing ForwardBackward Time-Stepping (FBTS) inverse scattering technique. This technique is applied to solve electromagnetic scattered signals. It is proven that this technique is able to detect the presence of tumour in the breast. The application is now extended to brain imaging. Two types of results are presented in this paper; FBTS and FBTS integrated with image segmentation as a pre-processing step to form a focusing reconstruction. The results show that the latter technique has improved the reconstructions compared to the primary technique. Integration of the image segmentation step helps to reduce the variation of the estimated dielectric properties of the head tissues. It is also found that the optimal frequency used for microwave brain imaging is at 2 GHz and able to detect a tumour as small as 5 mm in diameter. The numerical simulations show that the integration of image segmentation with FBTS has the potential to provide useful quantitative information on the head internal composition.
High quality texture reconstruction from multi-view images

Texture reconstruction is the last step of 3D reconstruction pipelines that makes 3D geometry models very impressive and beautiful. Once the 3D model is created through structure-from-motion, multi-view stereo and mesh reconstruction, real image based texture is mapped to the models. But it is not easy to generate high quality texture. There are many difficulties cause problems: the large number of input images, their exposure variations, and external illuminance change. The proposed technique is able to generate seamless and high quality textures by view selection optimization and color adjustment.
Modelling and Externalising Learners' Interaction Behaviour

In this paper, we propose an approach to modelling learner interaction behaviour by combining learners' interaction protocols with different variables that affect their selections, and interpret this model with the aim to characterise learners' activity. Moreover, we investigate the issue of how this information could be externalised to learners in order to support reflection and develop their awareness of style issues. An application example of the specific approach to the adaptive educational system INSPIRE is also provided.
Performance evaluation study of data retrieval in data warehouse environment

In recent years, data warehouse (DW) systems have become more important for decision making processes. This was due to the fact that they are capable of enhancing the value of an organization. DW used for storing large amount of data and making it available for decision makers and business analyst to make queries, analysis and planning without considering data changes in the operational database. In general, these quires are complex and consist of join operations and complex functions such as group by and order by which make execution takes so long. In addition, most of the information requests include dynamic ad hoc queries, which mean submitting any question at any time that might be run on very large data volumes. These could lead to have long running queries which causes server and application to run slowly and lack the accessibility where the ability to execute queries quickly and efficiently is a critical issue. As a result, one of the most important requirements of data warehouse server that should be considered is query performance. The purpose of this paper is to improve data warehouse performance by enhancing query response time. After an intensive review of previous studies and literature, techniques to improve data warehouse performance have been proposed.