Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security Enhancements for building saturation-free, low-power NoC-based MPSoCs

In the future almost every consumer electronics device will be connected to an ecosystem of third-party partners providing services such as payment, streaming content, and so on. Present work aims to expose the foundations of a secure environment by ensuring security on the edge devices. MPSoCs are widely used in edge devices due to their capability to execute multiple applications in single-chips. To achieve the targeted security level against physical adversaries, all communications between the MPSoC and its environment must be protected. In an MPSoC multiple processing elements such as CPUs send requests to different on-chip memories. Network-on-chip has been proposed for MPSoC design, aiming at increasing performance and reducing power compared to on-chip buses. Tailoring the NoC to application(s) takes place usually at design-time. The selection of NoC parameter values affects both performance and power, while configuring them unwisely can result in unnecessary area overhead and chip cost. In the present work we concentrate on a commercial interconnect called STNoC from STMicroelectronics. We keep the NoC parameters fixed, and we explore the effects from the variation of other parameters, such as the injection rate of the packets transmitted by the CPUs, and the activation/deactivation of a security mechanism integrated in the network interface of the NoC, for multiple traffic scenarios with each one representing different amount of legal and malicious requests, for different mappings, and for different node setups. Experimental results, reveal the conditions under which the NoC starts experiencing saturation phenomena.
Shared Files – The Retrieval Perspective

People who are collaborating can share files in two main ways: performing Group Information Management (GIM) using a common repository or performing Personal Information Management (PIM) by distributing files as email attachments and storing them in personal repositories . There is a trend towards using common repositories with many organizations encouraging workers to use GIM to avoid duplication of files and management. So far, PIM and GIM have been studied by different research communities so their effectiveness for file retrieval has not yet been systematically compared. We compared PIM and GIM in a large scale elicited personal information retrieval study. We asked 275 users to retrieve 860 of their own shared files, testing the effect of sharing method on success and efficiency of retrieval. Participants preferred PIM over GIM. More importantly, PIM retrieval was more successful: participants using GIM failed to find 22% of their files compared with 13% failures using PIM. This may be because active organization aids retrieval: when using personally-created folders, failure percen tag e was 65% lower than when using default folders (e.g. My Documents), and more than 5 times lower than when using folders created by others for GIM. Theoretical reasons for this are discussed.
A Tree-Structured Persistence Server for Archiving Java Run-Time States

The persistence problem of collaborative applications is a significant issue in the research of computer-supported collaborative work. A collaborative computing environment requires a simple and transparent persistence layer to deal with complex object accesses. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an object persistence mechanism and implement a persistence server, called Tree-Structured Persistence Server (TSPS), to support collaborative applications that store and retrieve application states. The server allows states of collaborative applications to be stored in a tree fashion beside tables. In addition to accommodating basic operations to access persistent objects, the TSPS offers advanced functions to manage sessions, states and versions of a collaborative application. By accessing these services, users can archive the run-time states of Java-based applications with transparency and simplicity. The TSPS was originally developed to serve as a persistence layer to support a project of computer-supported collaborative work. We intend to develop our persistence mechanism for universal use so that it can be applied in more application areas.
Herba Cistanches stimulates cellular glutathione redox cycling by reactive oxygen species generated from mitochondrial respiration in H9c2 cardiomyocytes

Context: Earlier findings demonstrated that pretreatment of Herba Cistanches [the dried whole plant of Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma (Orobanchaceae)], a “Yang-invigorating” Chinese tonic herb, stimulated the ATP-generation capacity (ATP-GC) in mitochondria isolated from rat heart ex vivo. The enhancement of mitochondrial ATP-GC by Herba Cistanches was associated with induction of glutathione antioxidant status and protection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat hearts. Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between enhancements in mitochondrial ATP-GC and glutathione antioxidant status in H9c2 cardiomyocytes using a semipurified fraction of Herba Cistanches (HCF1). Materials and methods: HCF1 (10–300 ng/mL) was tested for its effects on mitochondrial ATP generation, glutathione antioxidant status and protection against oxidant injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and rat hearts. Results and discussion: HCF1 at 30 ng/mL increased mitochondrial ATP-GC and ADP-stimulated state 3 respiration (by 50 and 100%, respectively) in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The stimulation of mitochondrial respiration was associated with the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling (27%) and enhancement of cellular glutathione redox cycling as well as protection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (hypox/reoxy)-induced apoptosis (by 60%). While HCF1 treatment increased reactive oxygen species generation from mitochondrial respiration in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, pretreatment with antioxidants (DMTU) abrogated the HCF1-induced cellular responses and the associated cytoprotective effect. HCF1 pretreatment (1.14 and 3.41 mg/kg × 14) also protected against myocardial I/R injury in rats (by 13 and 32%), presumably mediated by the induction of glutathione antioxidant response. Conclusion: The long-term intake of HCF1 may offer a prospect for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.
Dynamic power consumption in Virtex™-II FPGA family

This paper analyzes the dynamic power consumption in the fabric of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) by taking advantage of both simulation and measurement. Our target device is Xilinx Virtex™-II family, which contains the most recent and largest programmable fabric. We identify important resources in the FPGA architecture and obtain their utilization, using a large set of real designs. Then, using a number of representative case studies we calculate the switching activity corresponding to each resource. Finally, we combine effective capacitance of each resource with its utilization and switching activity to estimate its share of power consumption. According to our results, the power dissipation share of routing, logic and clocking resources are 60%, 16%, and 14%, respectively. Also, we concluded that dynamic power dissipation of a Virtex-II CLB is 5. 9μW per MHz for typical designs, but it may vary significantly depending on the switching activity.
Long-term effects of parental divorce timing on depression: A population-based longitudinal study

Background: We examined the long-term effects of parental divorce timing on depression using longitudinal data from the Korean Welfare Panel Study. Methods: Depression symptoms were measured using the 11 items of Center for Epidemiologic Scale for Depression (CES-D-11), and we categorized parental divorce timing into ‘early childhood’, ‘adolescent’ and ‘none’. Results: Although participants who experienced parental divorce during adolescence exhibited a significantly higher CES-D-11 score (p = .0468), ‘early childhood’ participants displayed the most increased CES-D-11 score compared to the control group (p = .0007). Conversely, among participants who were unsatisfied with their marriage, those who experienced parental divorce in early childhood showed lower CES-D-11 scores, while ‘adolescent period’ participants exhibited significantly higher CES-D-11 scores (p = .0131). Conclusion: We concluded that timing of parental divorce exerts substantial yet varied effects on long-term depression symptoms and future marriage satisfaction.
Advancing the art of simulation in the social sciences

Advancing the state of the art of simulation in the social sciences requires appreciating the unique value of simulation as a third way of doing science, in contrast to both induction and deduction. This essay offers advice for doing simulation research, focusing on the programming of a simulation model, analyzing the results and sharing the results with others. Replicating other people’s simulations gets special emphasis, with examples of the procedures and difficulties involved in the process of replication. Finally, suggestions are offered for building of a community of social scientists who do simulation.
Assessing Synthetic Accessibility of Chemical Compounds Using Machine Learning Methods

With de novo rational drug design, scientists can rapidly generate a very large number of potentially biologically active probes. However, many of them may be synthetically infeasible and, therefore, of limited value to drug developers. On the other hand, most of the tools for synthetic accessibility evaluation are very slow and can process only a few molecules per minute. In this study, we present two approaches to quickly predict the synthetic accessibility of chemical compounds by utilizing support vector machines operating on molecular descriptors. The first approach, RSsvm, is designed to identify the compounds that can be synthesized using a specific set of reactions and starting materials and builds its model by training on the compounds identified as synthetically accessible or not by retrosynthetic analysis. The second approach, DRsvm, is designed to provide a more general assessment of synthetic accessibility that is not tied to any set of reactions or starting materials. The training set compounds for this approach are selected from a diverse library based on the number of other similar compounds within the same library. Both approaches have been shown to perform very well in their corresponding areas of applicability with the RSsvm achieving a receiver operator characteristic score of 0.952 in cross-validation experiments and the DRsvm achieving a score of 0.888 on an independent set of compounds. Our implementations can successfully process thousands of compounds per minute.
UGT1A10 is responsible for SN-38 glucuronidation and its expression in human lung cancers.

BACKGROUND We previously reported that upregulation of glucuronidation activity catalyzed by uridine 5'diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase (UGT) is one of the mechanisms associated with irinotecan hydrochloride/7-ethyl-10-hydroaxycamptothecin (CPT-11/SN-38) resistance. In order to extend this result to the clinical setting, it is important to elucidate the role of SN-38 glucuronidation by UGT1A isoforms in CPT-11/SN-38 resistance in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined SN-38 glucuronidation activity in COS-7 cells transfected with full-length cDNAs for human UGT isoforms (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6 and UGT1A10). The gene expression levels of UGT isoforms were examined in lung cancer cell lines and 14 lung cancer samples by semi, quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Our HPLC assay results showed that both UGT1A1 and UGT1A10 are responsible for SN-38 glucuronidation. The levels of UGT1A1 and UGT1A10 expression in a CPT-11/SN-38-resistant cell line were increased compared to levels in the parent cell line. Furthermore, there was considerable intersubject variability in 14 lung cancer samples, but UGT1A1 and UGT1A10 expression levels were significantly correlated (r=0. 70, p=0.004). Our results suggest that not only UGT 1A1, but also UGT 1A10, plays an important role in detoxifying CPT-11/SN-38, leading to resistance to CPT-11/SN-38 in lung cancer.
Protein folding prediction in 3D FCC HP lattice model using genetic algorithm

In most of the successful real protein structure prediction (PSP) problem, lattice models have been essentially utilized to have the folding backbone sampling at the top of the hierarchical approach. A three dimensional face-centred-cube (FCC), with the provision for providing the most compact core, can map closest to the folded protein in reality. Hence, our successful hybrid genetic algorithms (HGA) proposed earlier for a square and cube lattice model is being extended in this paper for a 3D FCC model. Furthermore, twins (conformations having similarity with each other), in GA population have also been considered for removal from the search space for improving the effectiveness of GA The HGA combined with the twin removal (TR) strategy showed best performance when compared with the simple GA (SGA), SGA with TR, and HGA only versions. Experiments were carried out on the publicly available benchmark HP sequences and results are expressed based on the fitness of the corresponding applied lattice model, which will help any future novel approach to be compared.
Genome Analysis Development of Genome-Wide DNA Polymorphism Database for Map-Based Cloning of Rice Genes 1 [ w ]

College of Life and Environment Sciences (Y.-J.S., H.J., Z.-B.Z., G.W., C.W., Q.-B.Y., H.-J.L., D.-H.C., Z.-N.Y.) and Mathematics and Sciences College (J.-P.J., X.L., J.-H.G.), Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China (B.X.); Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China (Y.-Y.H., T.-L.S.); Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024 (L.Q.); and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China (H.H., Z.-N.Y.)
A tool to assist the study of specific features at protein binding sites

The Protein Data Bank contains a large amount of proteins that have been solved with small ligands bound to them. This constitutes a rich source of information for the study of the specific requirements of protein sites to bind small molecules with a favorable free energy. The specific atomic composition and three-dimensional geometric restraints of protein binding sites for different ligands could be easily obtained from there. The development of accurate binding site descriptors in proteins constitutes a valuable tool to assist in the large-scale prediction and annotation of protein function in whole genomes. In this work, an integrated database containing some processed and calculated protein/ligand information is described. It is expected that this database will constitute a useful tool for people working in the prediction of protein function from its structure. The database is accessible from the Internet through a web server located at: http://protein.bio. puc.cl
The Effect of Macroeconomic Crises on Education Outcomes: Evidence from Peru

The impact of macroeconomic crises on the investments made by parents in the human capital of their children is a widely contested topic. We discuss the implications of the standard human capital investment model, and use a variety of regressions and propensity score matching methods to analyze the effects of the profound 1987-1992 macroeconomic crisis in Peru on the schooling and employment decisions taken by school-aged children. Our basic findings are three. First, there is no effect of the crisis on the attendance rates of school-aged children. Second, the proportion of children who have completed a certain number of years of schooling for their age went up significantly during the crisis. Third, the fraction of children employed fell dramatically during the crisis. We hypothesize that these last two findings are related: Children who are not employed may have more time available, and may therefore put more effort into school. We conclude with some discussion of the implications of these findings for the design of appropriate social protection policies.
Phosphatidylinositol kinase activity in virus-transformed and nontransformed cells

We assayed phosphatidylinositol (PI) kinase (EC 2.7.1.67) activity in detergent extracts of nontransformed or virus-transformed cells. Nontransformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) contain PI kinase activity with an apparent specific activity of 20 pmol/min per mg of protein. This activity sedimented as a single peak with a molecular weight of approximately 60,000 in a glycerol gradient, although immunoprecipitation with anti-p60src sera showed that the PI kinase activity is distinct from p60c-src. Extracts from CEF transformed by Rous sarcoma virus, Fujinami sarcoma virus, or avian sarcoma virus UR2 showed no elevation of PI kinase activity over nontransformed CEF. Removal of the oncogene products from extracts by immunoprecipitation did not change the level of PI kinase activity in extracts, suggesting that putative virus-coded PI kinases do not make a significant contribution to overall levels of PI kinase activity in transformed cells. Additionally, P140gag-fps was separated from cellular PI kinase by phosphocellulose chromatography. This partially purified fraction contained low PI kinase activity distinct from P140gag-fps, indicating that P140gag-fps has no detectable PI kinase activity.
Attentional Processing of Letter Strings by Children

Reading a letter string requires attentional orienting toward the beginning of the string (left-dominant orientation), followed by orienting along the string. These attentional-orienting processes differ according to the lexicality of the letter string: Sequential processes apply when reading nonwords or pseudowords, while words can be processed more globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of these attentional processes involved in reading. We conducted two experiments in 6- (first grade), 7- (second grade), and 9-year-old (fourth grade) children, using a procedure that required the detection of a letter (Experiment 1) or a nonletter (Experiment 2) target in a string of five characters. The target character could occur in the second (left) or fourth (right) position in the string. Results showed an advantage for left nonletter targets as early as age 6 and of left letter targets as early as age 7. In 6-year-olds, only good readers detected a left letter target faster than a right letter target; others detected a right letter target faster. Thus, dominant orienting toward the beginning of the letter string is not fully developed in children before the second year of reading. A possibility is that beginning readers have difficulties inhibiting an attention-orienting bias toward the right visual field in linguistic tasks. The results also showed that the lexicality effect on these attentional processes develops gradually until the fourth year of reading. We believe that the procedure used in this study will be very valuable for evaluating attentional difficulties during reading acquisition.
A model-based humanoid perception system for real-time human motion imitation

This paper presents real-time human motion analysis based on hierarchical tracking and inverse kinematics. Our goal is to implement a mechanism of human-machine interaction that permits a robot to learn from human gestures, and, as a first stage, we have developed a computer-vision based human upperbody motion analysis system. This application requires developing a real-time human motion capturing system that works without special devices or markers. Since such a system is unstable and can only acquire, partial information because of self-occlusions, we have introduced a pose estimation method based on inverse kinematics. This system can estimate upper-body human postures with limited perceptual cues such as position of head and hands. The method has been tested using a HOAP-I humanoid robot.
Matching Objects Without Language Extension

Pattern matching is a powerful programming concept which has proven its merits in declarative programming. The absence of pattern-matching in object-oriented programming languages is felt especially when tackling source code processing problems. But existing proposals for pattern matching in such languages rely on language extension, which makes their adoption overly intrusive. We propose an approach to support pattern matching in mainstream object-oriented languages without language extension. In this approach, a pattern is a first-class entity, which can be created, be passed as argument, and receive method invocations, just like any other object. We demonstrate how our approach can be used in conjunction with existing parser generators to perform pattern matching on various kinds of abstract syntax representation. We elaborate our approach to include concrete syntax patterns, and mixing of patterns and visitors for the construction of sophisticated syntax tree traversals.
Comparative study of data association approaches for multiple vehicle tracking

The primary objective of this paper is to make a comparative study of different data association methods for multiple target tracking (MTT) problem, analyze the problems encountered in almost all target tracking applications and propose a new method, considering the comparison results of performed algorithms. As the first solution to the MTT problem, the Global Nearest Neighborhood (GNN) approach is implemented. Although it is the easiest to implement, its drawbacks in target tracking are observed, which justified the investigation of probabilistic approaches like the probabilistic data association filter (PDAF) and the joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF). In this paper, those three methods are compared in terms of different error criteria and results are presented. Considering the implemented metrics, the results of JPDAF are observed to be most efficient among them by its ability to track multiple targets in a cluttered environment. Thus, a new method is developed by improving JPDAF, with the aim of eliminating its weaknesses, which is observed when the target number changes during tracking. Improved method consists of an additional kill and initialize track algorithm, by which the first assumption of JPDAF about the known target number in clutter, will not cause any problem when the targets leave or enter the environment randomly during tracking. Along with that modification, new algorithm is developed considering the flexibility in maximum allowable target number and code generation for real-time applications. Functionality of developed algorithm is independent of the number of sensor measurement and tracked objects.