Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-line signature verification using direction sequence string matching

In this paper, a direction sequence string matching based on-line signature verification system is proposed. A signature is coded as a direction sequence string. The modified edit distance is used for string matching. The test signature is compared with 5 reference signatures and distance is given by averaging the 5 distances. A verification result is given by comparing the distance measure with a pre-calculated threshold. The experiment shows a result of 4.7% equal error rate (EER).
Activation of Proteases in Cerulein‐Induced Pancreatitis

The activation of zymogen proteases and lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B in the pancreas was investigated in cerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats. Acute pancreatitis was induced by two intraperitoneal injections of 40 pg/kg of body weight of cerulein at intervals of 1 h. After the first cerulein injection, the active trypsin and elastase contents in the pancreas tissues significantly increased, and reached the highest level at 3 h after the first injection, followed by peaks at 5 h in the serum amylase and lipase levels and the pancreas wet weight. Cathepsin B contents in pancreas tissues showed a parallel increase with active zymogen enzymes during the first 3 h of pancreatitis. These findings may suggest that the intracellular activation of trypsinogen is an important step in the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and that cathepsin B plays a role in the activation of trypsinogen in pancreatic acinar cells.
0D-1D coupling for an integrated fuel economy control strategy for a hybrid electric bus

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are worldwide recognized as one of the best and most immediate opportunities to solve the problems of fuel consumption, pollutant emissions and fossil fuels depletion, thanks to the high reliability of engines and the high efficiencies of motors. Moreover, as transport policy is becoming day by day stricter all over the world, moving people or goods efficiently and cheaply is the goal that all the main automobile manufacturers are trying to reach. In this context, the municipalities are performing their own action plans for public transport and the efforts in realizing high efficiency hybrid electric buses, could be supported by the local policies. For these reasons, the authors intend to propose an efficient control strategy for a hybrid electric bus, with a series architecture for the power-train. To this aim, an integrated approach realized by coupling a zero-dimensional model of the vehicle with a mono-dimensional model of the thermal engine to evaluate fuel consumption and find the most suitable control strategy for the engine (totally decoupled to the mission). A kinematic approach has been implemented. The power required to the motor is defined by knowing the speed and altitude profiles related to the path, while the power request for the engine is calculated by means of a first order filter, which properly cuts the power load of the motor. A sensitivity analysis has been performed in order to define the optimal operating strategy for the engine, to minimize the fuel consumption. Moreover, a control on the state of charge (SOC) has been implemented to assure a correct use of batteries and avoid damages.
A patient homozygous for a Gly354Cys mutation in factor VII that results in severely impaired secretion of the molecule, but not complete deficiency

We investigated the molecular basis of factor VII (FVII) deficiency in a Japanese woman who suffered occasional epistaxis. The patient had low levels of both FVII coagulant activity (FVII:C) and antigen (FVII:Ag) (5·0% and 7·3% of normal controls respectively). DNA sequence analysis of the FVII gene showed that the patient was homozygous for a mutation that resulted in a Cys for Gly354 substitution, a novel missense mutation in the catalytic domain. Haplotype analysis showed that this missense mutation was inherited from her consanguineous parents. Transient expression experiments showed that secreted FVII Cys354, FVII:C and FVII:Ag levels in conditioned media were reduced to 4% and 5%, respectively, of levels secreted from wild‐type FVII. However, the intracellular FVII Cys354 was 67% that of normal recombinant protein. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that intracellular FVII:Ag from FVII 354Cys was present diffusely throughout the cytoplasm. Substitution of FVII 354Gly with amino acids other than Cys (Arg, Asp, Ser and Phe), did not produce a phenotype similar to FVII Cys354Gly. Molecular modelling indicated that FVII Gly354 was located outside the FVII heavy chain, and that Cys135 in the EGF2 domain, Cys262 in the catalytic domain and Cys127 all exist within 10 Å of Gly354. Therefore, we propose that the introduction of an additional free cysteine residue in the FVII molecule results in the formation of illegitimate disulphide bonds and a mis‐folded domain, leading to defective secretion.
Understanding the Impact of Organizational Justice on Organizational Commitment and Projected Job Stay among Employees of the Business Process Outsourcing Sector in India

This study examines the role of organizational justice in enhancing the organizational commitment and projected tenure of frontline employees of the business process outsourcing (BPO) sector. The results based on data from a self-report questionnaire survey carried out among 347 entry-level associates from various BPO organizations in Bangalore suggest that perceptions of higher levels of organizational justice can make substantial positive impact on the organizational commitment and projected tenure of employees. The findings also highlight the significant role played by each of the three dimensions of justice. Practical implications of the study are discussed along with the limitations and suggestions for future research.
Enantioseparation of Palonosetron Hydrochloride by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with High-concentration β-CD as Chiral Selector

The enantioseparation of four stereoisomers of palonosetron hydrochloride (PALO) by capillary zone electrophoresis using high concentration β -CD as chiral selector was described in this study. For optimization of the method of enantioseparation, several parameters such as β -CD concentration, separation buffer pH and concentration, the types and concentration of organic modifiers, and the applied voltage were evaluated. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: 30 mmol L^–1 NaH_2PO_4 (pH 3.0) containing 150 mmol L^–1 β -CD and 10% (v/v) methanol with an applied voltage of 15 kV. Under these conditions, baseline separation of the four PALO stereoisomers was achieved within 35 min, and the reproducibility (expressed as relative standard deviation, RSD) of the migration times and the peak areas were below 0.5, 2.5% (intra-day), and 1.9, 4.4% (inter-day), respectively.
Установление сотрудничества между Европейским союзом и Россией по вопросу миграции: от «Общих пространств» к фактической реализации

EU-Russia cooperation has experienced problems in many areas. Nevertheless, cooperation in the field of migration proves to be successful. Through analysing the EU-Russia migration agenda from the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (1997) to the Roadmap for the Common Space on Freedom, Security and Justice (2005), the article assesses the main results of its implementation, such as the Readmission and Visa Facilitation agreements. Moreover, it stresses the role of Russia as an agenda-setter of the EU migration agenda in the Eastern Europe.
2-D nonlinear Schroedinger equation. Numerical aspects

Various numerical methods are employed in order to approximate 2-D nonlinear Schroedinger equation, namely: (i) the classical explicit method, (ii) the Crank-Nicolson implicit scheme, (iii) the Hardin-Tappert split step Fourier method, (iv) the operator exponential scheme, (v) the simplified operator exponential scheme. A comparison between these schemes is made. The approach for comparison is to (a) fix the accuracy; (b) leave mesh parameters (Δx,Δy,Δt) free and compare the computing time required to attain such accuracy for various choices of the parameters. The results of our study suggest operator exponential schemes as the most effective numerical schemes for 2-D nonlinear Shroedinger equation.
The determination of genetic relationships among some Vicia L . ( Vetch ) taxa by using ISSR markers * *

The genetic relationship among some naturally growing Vicia taxa in Turkey (V. sativa subsp. sativa, subsp.nigra var.nigra, subspincisavar.cordata, V. craccasubsp.cracca, subspgerardii, subspatroviolacea, subspstenophylla, V. hybrida, V. peregrinaandV. palaestina) was assessed by helping ISSR markers. During PCR assays, although 17 primers were tested, only three primers produced informatics amplification yields for all studied taxa. These ISSR primers had considerably high number of polymorphic locus. According to the dendogram obtained from ISSR profiles, all studied taxa were separated into two main clusters; one of them consists of the section Vicia and the other section Cracca. While the section Vicia comprises the subspecies of V. sativa, V. hybridaand V. peregrina, the section Cracca involve in subgroupsof V. cracca and V. palaestina.
Analysis of Cutaneous Sensory Neurons in Transgenic Mice Lacking the Low Affinity Neurotrophin Receptor p75

Mice with a targeted mutation of the p75 low affinity neurotrophin receptor display smaller peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia. Here we show that transgenic mice have a significant elevation of thresholds to noxious mechanical and heat stimuli compared with p75+/+ control mice. Immunocytochemical analysis using antibodies against PGP 9.5 (a panaxonal marker) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP, which labels peptidergic neurons) showed a reduction to 73% and 54%, respectively, of the epidermal innervation density. However, analysis of the cell size distribution of toluidine blue‐stained dorsal root ganglia showed no selective loss of neurons of particular diameters. Moreover, the neurochemical profile of dorsal root ganglia cells as defined by trkA, CGRP, I84 and RT97 immunostaining revealed no significant differences in comparison with p75+/+ animals. Staining of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord for CGRP and 164 was also normal in p75‐/‐animals. Taking into account a previously reported loss of ‐50% dorsal root ganglion neurons, we conclude that all types of sensory neurons are equally depleted in p75‐/‐ mice and that the absence of p75 impedes the development of more than one neuronal subtype.
Evaluating china’s national post-disaster plans: The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake’s recovery and reconstruction planning

The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake caused tremendous casualties and property losses as well as a substantial need for rebuilding the affected localities in order to address housing and urban development issues for the future. China’s central government applied a national planning approach in both the emergency response and the disaster recovery phases that aims at facilitating the flow of technological assistance and financial aid from the whole country to the earthquake-stricken areas. This study reviews disaster management practices in China with an interdisciplinary analysis to see how disaster planning and management can be fit into the top-down government administration system. The Overall Plan for Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction and the City/Town System Plan for Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction, two overarching plans initiated by the central government, are evaluated by reviewing the underlying facts, goals, and actions. The plans’ merits are to be found in their incorporating hazard mitigation into disaster recovery plans and taking into account different strategies of relocation and reconstruction. The article also identifies the gap between making plans and meeting local needs, the insufficiency of public engagement in plan-making, and the negative planning impacts of competition for resources and funds. Suggestions for disaster planning and policy-making are provided with a focus on building a local disaster management system in China.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 glycoprotein precursor retains a CD4-p56lck complex in the endoplasmic reticulum

The cell surface glycoprotein, CD4, is the receptor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in T lymphocytes. Following HIV infection, there is reduced expression of CD4 on the cell surface, and this downregulation probably results, at least in part, from the formation of complexes containing the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) glycoprotein precursor (gp160) and CD4 that are not transported from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). At the plasma membrane of T cells, CD4 is tightly associated with a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase (p56lck) that is involved in T-cell activation. Using a transient expression system with HeLa cells, we show by pulse-labeling and immunoprecipitation that newly synthesized CD4 can associate with p56lck before CD4 is transported from the ER. In the presence of HIV-1 gp160, a ternary complex of gp160-CD4 and p56lck forms in the ER. Using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, we observed complete retention of p56lck in the ER. Such mislocation of a tyrosine kinase to the cytoplasmic face of the ER could play a role in lymphocyte killing caused by HIV infection or expression of gp160 alone.
Do schizophrenic patients who managed to get to university have a non-developmental form of illness?

Background. Many people who develop schizophrenia have impairments in intellectual and social functioning that are detectable from early childhood. However, some patients do not exhibit such deficits, and this suggests that they may have suffered less neurodevelopmental damage. We hypothesized that the aetiology and form of schizophrenia may differ in such patients. We therefore studied a group of schizophrenic patients who were functioning well enough to enter university prior to illness onset. Methods. The casenotes of 46 university-educated patients and 48 non-university-educated patients were rated on several schedules including the OPCRIT checklist, and the two groups were compared using univariate statistical techniques. Principal components analysis was then performed using data from all patients, and the factor scores for each principal component were compared between groups. Results. Univariate analyses showed the university-educated patients had an excess of depressive symptoms, and a paucity of core schizophrenic symptoms. Four principal components emerged in the principal components analysis: mania, biological depression, schizophrenic symptoms, and a reactive depression. University-educated patients scored significantly higher on the reactive depression principal component, and lower on the schizophrenic symptoms principal component, than the non-university-educated patients. Conclusions. University-educated patients may have a non-developmental subtype of schizophrenia.
Motivations for consumption behaviours on the web: a conceptual model based on a holistic approach

The conceptual model presented in this paper poses that there are mainly two types of motivations which determine individuals' consumption behaviour on the web, i.e. utilitarian vs. hedonic. Such motivations, which we call meta-dimensions, group into two clearly differentiated categories of a variety of benefits sought – i.e. dimensions of meta-dimensions – by consumers when navigating the Net. We theoretically analyse a possible relation between both groups of motivations. Furthermore, we consider the influence that they can exert in developing goal-directed and experiential behaviours, that is, behaviours with or without an associated decision problem. Likewise, we also reflect on the role played by the optimum stimulation level and flow state. Finally, we analyse the possible outcome of online consumption experiences taking into account those previous behaviours.
Diversity Management Time for a new approach in an organization

There are now more new faces and diversity among the workforce than ever before and this trend is expected to continue into the 21st century. Managers in public and private organizations are searching for and experimenting with various approaches to more effectively deal with increasing workforce diversity. HR managers are learning that positive synergy is not automatic. Bringing together different backgrounds, perspectives and functions is an arduous process. Specifically, there will be more women, minority group members, and older workers, suggesting a more heterogeneous workforce, which is a significant departure from the largely homogeneous workforces of the past . Whereas the notion of diversity brings with it opportunities for organizations, it poses serious challenges as well. Through a careful examination of the diversity concept and human resources systems, certain steps are to be taken to circumvent the problems inherent in contemporary human resources systems, and thereby allow organizations to obtain maximum utilization of their available talent. In the global economy of today, organizations cannot afford to waste resources. Indeed, organizations can achieve competitive advantage through the most effective utilization of their entire workforce's competencies and talents. For companies to be successful and move ahead of their competition they need to know how to create environments where all people can be accepted, respected and utilized for the differences they bring to the workplace. Knowing how to do that can enhance productivity and increase profit.
Nanoscale Fourier transform holography beyond the temporal coherence limit

Lensless imaging has emerged to an indispensable imaging modality allowing to surpass the resolution limit of imaging optics. At the same time, attosecond science has uncovered ultrafast dynamics in atoms, molecules, and complex materials. Clearly, combining attosecond temporal resolution with nanometer spatial resolution would allow unique studies of ultrafast dynamics on the smallest spatio-temporal scales. Unfortunately, the required bandwidth of attosecond pulses conflicts with the coherence requirements for lensless imaging. Here, we present a straightforward method to surpass the temporal coherence limit in Fourier-Transform-Holography by a factor of five. In a first experiment, a spatial resolution of 38 nm (2.8 {\lambda}) has been achieved with a bandwidth supporting a Fourier-limited pulse duration of only 320 as. This paves the way for an ultrafast view on nanoscale dynamics of energy, charges or spins, which are the basis of next-generation electronics, data storage, energy conversion, and energy storage devices.
DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR PREPARATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES-A

Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) are defined as particulate dispersions or solid particles with size in the range of 10-1000nm. There has been a considerable research interest in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Particulate systems like nanoparticles have been used as a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of various types of drug molecules. Polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively studied as particulate carriers in the pharmaceutical and medical fields, because they show promise as drug delivery systems as a result of their controlled and sustained release properties, subcellular size, biocompatibility with tissue and cells. Several methods to prepare polymeric nanoparticles have been developed and these techniques are classified according to whether the particle formation involves a polymerization reaction or nanoparticles form directly from a macromolecule or preformed polymer. In this review the different techniques for preparation of polymeric nanoparticles are described.
The Importance of Leadership and Vision in Born Globals

Since the beginning of the 1990s studies of Born Global companies has become a major topic in internationalization literature. Earlier research has pointed out the importance of the entrepreneur in the born global firm’s international development. Even if many studies have been done which identify the impact of entrepreneurs and management on firms’ internationalisation and behaviour few studies have focused on leadership in Born Global Companies. Following earlier research, the aim of this paper is to investigate how the entrepreneur uses his/her vision in Born Global companies. The main findings and conclusions are that the entrepreneur and his/ her vision have an important role in these companies. The vision is like an umbrella and affects many important parts of the company, such as organisation, communication, recruitment, knowledge transfer and other parts that will form the company’s culture. The born global entrepreneurs create the company values and motivate the employees in the organisation. The Born Global leaders share the power with subordinates. It is crucial to delegate operational decisions to subordinates so the entrepreneur can work with strategic issues fostering the firms’ international expansion. Communication is open and straight with an open atmosphere in the culture. Good communication is important when building goals, values and conveying the leader’s vision. Even if the entrepreneurs motivate their employees in a positive way the entrepreneurs still have a tight control of the company. The main implications from this study are that the entrepreneurs in The Born Global firms have been able to create an innovative culture in the firm that creates international growth.
Who owns the international Internet networks?

This research examines who controls the international Internet using a multi-level network analysis. Internet provider (IP) address ownership data obtained from TeleGeography (http://www.telegeography.com/) are used to describe the structure of the international network of private companies and Internet service providers (ISPs). The results indicate that 16 companies, headquartered in seven countries, are at the center of the network, each accounting for more than 1% of international Internet connections. Level 3 Communications, based in the United States, is at the center of the network. The United States is the most central nation in the ownership network. American corporations account for almost 40% of the international links. A cluster analysis found a single group centered about the United States. The ownership network is consistent with other measures of the international Internet network. Its structure replicates and maintains the global hierarchy as suggested by world system and globalization theory. Policy implications are discussed.
A PSO-based CPG model parameter optimization method for biomimetic robotic fish

Biomimetic robotic fish has potential applications in underwater tasks. To control its swimming, Center Pattern Generator (CPG) models are widely used in its locomotion controllers. The CPG model can generate multiple swimming patterns with the same CPG network. However, there are many parameters to be tuned in a CPG model. In this paper, a parameter optimization method based on particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) has been proposed. Its goals are to output more smoothly waves and to gain more high swimming speed. The simulation showed that each joint input signal for a robotic fish is more smoothly. The experimental results showed that the robotic fish gained more high speed with more smoothly waves. It verified the feasibility of the PSO-based CPG model parameter optimization method.