Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MapReduce Model of Improved K-Means Clustering Algorithm Using Hadoop MapReduce

In today's digital world scenario, digital data is coming in and going out faster than ever before. This data is of no use until we extract some useful content from it. But, it is impractical and inefficient to use traditional database management techniques on big data. That's why, big data technologies like Hadoop comes to existence. Hadoop is an open source framework, which can be used to process the huge amount of data in parallel. To extract useful information, data mining techniques can be used. Among many techniques of data mining, clustering is most popular technique. Clustering bind together the similar data in same group, whereas, dissimilar data is scattered in different groups. K Means clustering algorithm is one of the clustering technique. Traditional K Means clustering tries to assign n data objects to k clusters starting with random initial centers. Experiments show that data mining results are inefficient and unstable, if we use random initial centers. In this paper, we have modified traditional K Means clustering algorithm by using improved initial centers. We have proposed various methods to calculate the initial centers and compared their results.
Evidence-Based Practices for Teachers: A Synthesis of Trustworthy Online Sources

The purpose of this study was to identify evidence-based practices (EBPs) for teachers of students with disabilities. A review of 13 trustworthy websites yielded 61 EBPs relevant, as determined by this author, to teachers of students with disabilities. The EBPs were organized into six categories: schoolwide framework, literacy instruction, math instruction, assessment, behavior and social skills instruction, and transition. EBPs were organized, within each category, by student(s), age, and need. This was followed by the EBP’s critical elements, the website that provided the research, and brief implementation details. Teachers of students with disabilities need to know what works—specifically, what practices have research and scientific evidence proving their ef fectiveness based upon students’ individualized needs, the characteristics of their disability, and other skill strengths and deficits. To improve outcomes for students with disabilities the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and the Individuals With Disabilities Act of 2004 mandated instructional programs and practices based on scientific research. Over the last ten years, teachers, school administrators, and researchers have shown an increased interest in identifying and implementing evidence-based practices (EBPs). EBPs are instructional techniques that meet a prescribed criteria related to research design and have the greatest potential to improve meaningful outcomes for students with disabilities (Cook & Cook, 2013; Cook, Smith, & Tankersley, 2011; Odom et al., 2005; Slavin, 2002). In addition to clarifying the definition of EBPs, Cook and Cook (2013) clarified four important characteristics of EBPs: “they are not guaranteed to work for everyone, they are difficult to implement on a broad scale, they are not the only consideration in instructional decision making, and differing standards may lead to confusion regarding what is and is not an EBP” (p. 77). Therefore, it is important for teachers to know what is and what isn’t an EBP, the needs of the students it has been proven effective for and why, what steps can be taken to ensure fidelity of implementation, and what standards were applied to deem the practice an EBP. In the ten years since Odom and colleagues (2005) defined EBPs in special education, numerous EBP databases and depositories have emerged to
A Cautionary Note on Designing Discrete Choice Experiments: A Comment on Lusk and Norwood's “Effect of Experiment Design on Choice‐Based Conjoint Valuation Estimates”

Recent Monte Carlo work on choosing experimental designs for discrete choice experiments seemed to greatly simplify this choice for applied researchers. It suggested that (a) commonly used designs can generate unbiased estimates for indirect utility function specifications with main effects only and main effects plus higher order terms, and (b) random designs are more efficient than main effects designs. We show that these results are very specific to the particular indirect utility specifications studied and do not generalize well. We further show that conclusions drawn concerning random designs are problematic and potentially dangerous for applied researchers.
Rape and Trauma: A Case Study of a Journey of Recovery

This case study presents the results of a counselling intervention with a rape survivor. The woman was twenty-nine years old at the time of the violation. The objective of this study was to explore the dynamics which the woman engaged in coping with the experience of the rape and the resources accessed as part of the healing process. A four leg trauma counselling model is discussed as a short term integrated therapeutic approach. Data was collected and analyzed using a qualitative approach employing a case study method (Terreblanche and Durrheim, 1999), to provide a rich description of the context in which the rape sufferer's symptoms were embedded. The results of this study indicate that re-tellings of the trauma narrative may assist post-trauma recovery. The model was experienced as useful in dealing with this rape survivor because of its clear structure which is comprehensive enough to address most of the needs and concerns of trauma survivors.
Monocular Omnidirectional Visual Odometry for Outdoor Ground Vehicles

This paper describes an algorithm for visually computing the ego-motion of a vehicle relative to the road under the assumption of planar motion. The algorithm uses only images taken by a single omnidirectional camera mounted on the roof of the vehicle. The front ends of the system are two different trackers. The first one is a homography-based tracker that detects and matches robust scale invariant features that most likely belong to the ground plane. The second one uses an appearance based approach and gives high resolution estimates of the rotation of the vehicle. This 2D pose estimation method has been successfully applied to videos from an automotive platform. We give an example of camera trajectory estimated purely from omnidirectional images over a distance of 400 meters. For performance evaluation, the estimated path is superimposed onto an aerial image. In the end, we use image mosaicing to obtain a textured 2D reconstruction of the estimated path.
The Access-Control Problem on Capacitated FIFO Networks With Unique O-D Paths is Hard

In this paper, the authors focus on the problem of avoiding internal queues by regulating access to a multi-commodity capacitated network with time-dependent demand. The authors show that even if a network structure is very simple, that finding a feasible regulation scheme is a hard problem. A ramp metering feasibility problem is presented and is dealt with as a capacitated network access control problem.
The extended Hα‐emitting filaments surrounding NGC 4696, the central galaxy of the Centaurus cluster

We present images of NGC 4696, the central galaxy in the Centaurus cluster, showing the large extent of cool filaments that are bright in Hα line emission. These filaments share the detailed structure of both the central dust lane and the inner regions of the arc-like plumes seen in soft X-ray emission. The X-ray gas is at its coolest and most absorbed in this same region. The smoothness of the features implies that the local environment is not strongly turbulent. We suggest that these filaments are shaped either by confinement due to a strong magnetic field, or by bulk flows within the intracluster medium. We propose that, like similar filamentary systems in the core of clusters, these cooler components have been drawn out of the central galaxy behind buoyant gas bubbles from previous episodes of radio activity. We find a spur of low-frequency radio emission leading to a region of low X-ray pressure within the intracluster medium, supporting this interpretation. Ke yw ords: galaxies: clusters: individual: Centaurus ‐ galaxies: individual: NGC 4696 ‐ X-rays: galaxies: clusters.
The Value of Manufactured Housing Communities: A Dual-Ownership Model

There are roughly 50,000 manufactured housing communities (MHCs) in the United States, yet there appears to be virtually no academic research on their asset values. Using a detailed, proprietary database provided by Colliers International, we address this gap. We find that, due to the dual nature of rental and ownership in manufactured housing ownership, MHC values are driven by community rental income and thus affected by median month contract housing rents that surround the community. While value remains affected by traditional factors such as occupancy, location quality, and size of land, it emerges that manufactured housing community sales values are highly sensitive to local rental alternatives. We also find evidence that corporate MHC buyers pay less and sellers receive more for parks relative to smaller “mom-n-pop” owners.
Study on the Altitude of Host Community Based on the Relative Deprivation Theory: a Case Study of the Maolan Nature Reserve

Host community is one of the important stakeholders in tourism development,whose attitude and support of tourism is indispensable to underpin the healthy and sustainable development of tourism industry in a given tourist destination.In a variety of tourism areas,host community has not been attached proportional importance and is usually marginalized to become a typical disadvantaged group in the process of tourism development.This may lead to a series of social conflicts,which is to a great degree harmful to the harmonious and healthy development of tourism.The theories of Social Exchange and Social Representation are to date the two conventional social psychological perspectives in tourism attitude research,the application of which to tourism in a large part has promoted the development and maturity of the field.Considering the complexity of social psychological phenomena in tourism development and the significance of tourism attitude research,it is necessary to introduce more theoretical analysis tools from relevant disciplines.The Relative Deprivation Theory is a kind of wide-used social psychological theory originating in the late 1940s,which is a powerful theoretical tool in the attitude analysis of social disadvantaged people and has rarely been documented in tourism literature.With the Maolan Nature Reserve as a case,the author applies the Relative Deprivation Theory to the relative deprivation generated by tourism development and the attitude of host community residents.It is found that there is a close connection between the relative deprivation of local residents and their attitude to tourism.The stronger the relative deprivation is in a given community,the more negative the attitude of its residents to tourism is;the less the relative deprivation is in a given community,the more positive and active its residents will be to tourism.Meanwhile,the Relative Deprivation Index established in this article proves to be simple and effective in depicting the spatial difference in the relative deprivation amongst the different villages near the case study area.
Salient Object Subitizing: Supplementary Material 1. Visualizing the CNN Subitizing Classifiers

[1] A. Karpathy. t-SNE visualization of CNN. http://cs.stanford. edu/people/karpathy/ cnnembed/. [2] A. Krizhevsky, I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton. Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In Advances in neural information processing systems (NIPS), 2012. [3] O. Russakovsky, J. Deng, H. Su, J. Krause, S. Satheesh, S. Ma, Z. Huang, A. Karpathy, A. Khosla, M. Bernstein, A. C. Berg, and L. Fei-Fei. Imagenet large scale visual recognition challenge, 2014. [4] K. Simonyan, A. Vedaldi, and A. Zisserman. Deep inside convolutional networks: Visualising image classification models and saliency maps. In International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR), Workshop Track, 2014.
Triton/1: A Massively-Parallel Mixed-Mode Computer Designed to Support High Level Languages

We present the architecture of Triton/l, a scalable, mixed-mode (SIMLI/MIMD) parallel computer. The novel features of l? riton/l are: Support for hi,gh-level, machine-independent programming lamguages; Fast SIMD/MIMD mode switching; Special hardw<are for barrier synchronization of multiple process groups;
Uniform Full-Information Image Matching Using Complex Conjugate Wavelet Pyramids

Stereo image matching is reconsidered from the viewpoint of full-information exploitation via a uniform transformation of information through scale space. We consider the general stereo situation where both interior and relative orientation of two images are unknown. It is shown that wavelet multiresolution analysis provides an adequate transformation and representation of image signal information with desired properties such as good space-frequency locality and information preservation. In particular, complex conjugate wavelets are used for phase-based matching. Technically, this paper presents a basic procedure for top-down matching two stereo images using complex conjuage wavelet pyramids for the standard case where two images may have a lower bound of stereo overlapping of 60% and relative rotation around principal axis is small. A strategy of spiral parallax propagation is developed for tackling the unknown partial correspondence on the top level. A complete example on matching two real aerial images is shown.
Residuals in time series models

Three types of residuals in time series models (namely ”conditional residuals”, ”unconditional residuals” and ”innovations”) are considered with regard to (i) their precise definitions, (ii) their computation after model estimation, (iii) their approximate distributions in ? nite samples, and (iv) potential applications of their properties in model diagnostic checking. Both partially-known and new results are presented, showing what might be found (and, to some extent, what should be done) in practice when dealing with residuals after estimation of time series models.
Motivation à apprendre et volition à l’adolescence : développement et étude de la validité d’un nouvel inventaire

Cet article presente le developpement d’un nouvel instrument d’evaluation des facettes de la motivation scolaire a l’adolescence : l’Inventaire de motivation et volition scolaires. Cet instrument comporte la particularite d’integrer des facettes de la motivation a apprendre fondees sur la theorie de l’autodetermination (Ryan & Deci, 2000) ainsi que des aspects de la volition (procrastination et strategies d’autoregulation de la motivation). Deux etudes conduites aupres de 166 et 661 lyceens francophones âges de 15 a 19 ans dans le canton de Geneve, en Suisse, sont presentees afin d’evaluer la validite de l’Inventaire. Ces etudes soutiennent tant la validite interne (analyses dimensionnelles, estimation de la coherence interne et lien avec la tendance a la desirabilite sociale) que la validite externe (reseau nomologique) de l’instrument. L’Inventaire de motivation et volition scolaires vise a etre utile en tant qu’outil d’evaluation par les enseignants et en tant qu’instrument de recherche sur les questions de motivation scolaire.
Clustered Mobility Model for Scale-Free Wireless Networks

Recently, researchers have discovered that many of social, natural and biological networks are characterized by scale-free power-law connectivity distribution and a few densely populated nodes, known as hubs. We envision that wireless communication or sensor networks are directly deployed over such real-world networks to facilitate communication among participating entities. Here nodes move in such a way that they exhibit scale-free connectivity distribution at any instance, which cannot be modeled by most of the prior mobility models such as random waypoint (RWP) mobility model. This paper proposes clustered mobility model (CMM), which facilitates in forming hubs in a network satisfying the scale-free property. We call this a scale-free wireless network (SFWN). In CMM, it is possible to control the degree of node concentration or non-homogeneity to easily assess the strengths and weaknesses of the scale-free phenomena. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there has been no such mobility model reported in the literature and we believe the proposed CMM can be usefully used to investigate the properties of the SFWNs that are likely to occur in a real deployment of wireless multihop and sensor networks. Another important feature of CMM is that it does not possess any unintended spatial and temporal characteristics found in other mobility models such as RWP. Finally, to highlight the difference between a SFWN and a conventional wireless network, extensive simulation study has been conducted to measure network capacities at the physical, link and network layers
The document lens

This paper describes a general visualization technique based on a common strategy for understanding paper documents when their structure is not known, whiclh is to lay the pages of a document in a rectangular array on a large table where the overall structure and distinguishing features can be seen. Given such a presentation, the user wants to quickly view parts of the presentation in detail while remaining in context. A fisheye view or a magnifying lens might be used for this, but they fail to adequately show the global context. The Document Lens is a 3D visualization for large rectangular presentations that allows the user to quickly focus on a part of a presentation while continuously remaining in context. The user grabs a rectangular lens and pulls it around to focus on the desired area at the desired magnification. The presentation outside the lens is stretched to provide a continuous display of the global context. This stretching is efficiently implemented with affine transformations, allowing text documents to be viewed as a whole with an interactive visualization.
A High-Utilization Scheduling Schemeof Stream Programs on ClusteredVLIW Stream Architectures

Stream architectures have emerged as a mainstream solution for computation-intensive applications due to their rich arithmetic units. This paper proposes a multithreading technique based on a scheduling scheme of stream programs on clustered VLIW stream architecture, which aims at optimal arithmetic unit utilization without increasing energy consumption. Its principle is to exploit more kernel-level parallelism for further optimal compilation by constructing homogeneous multiple threads on stream programs. Three phases are proposed in the scheduling scheme. First, threads in stream programs are replicated for constructing homogeneous multiple threads. Second, time step assignment for homogeneous multithreaded stream programs is utilized to obtain efficient kernel combination. Third, stream segmentation is presented to optimize both memory transfers and startup overheads of kernels. A set of benchmarks are exploited to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. Experimental results show that, with exploiting kernel-level software pipeline, the proposed technique improves the performance by 20.9 percent averagely with the energy decreasing by 7.6 percent. Utilizations of adders and multipliers are up to average 77.4 and 75.8 percent, increasing 17.0 and 13.3 percent, respectively. Moreover, the proposed technique performs an average of 12.5 percent improvement over CSMT4 with the energy decreasing by 12.0 percent.
Presynaptic I1-Imidazoline Receptors Reduce GABAergic Synaptic Transmission in Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons

Imidazoline receptors are expressed widely in the CNS. In the present study, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from medium spiny neurons in dorsal striatum slices from the rat brain, and the roles of I1-imidazoline receptors in the modulation of synaptic transmission were studied. Moxonidine, an I1-imidazoline receptor agonist, decreased the GABAA receptor-mediated IPSCs in a concentration-dependent manner. However, glutamate-mediated EPSCs were hardly affected. The depression of IPSCs by moxonidine was antagonized by either idazoxan or efaroxan, which are both imidazoline receptor antagonists containing an imidazoline moiety. In contrast, yohimbine and SKF86466 (6-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-1H-3-benzazepine), which are α2-adrenergic receptor antagonists with no affinity for imidazoline receptors, did not affect the moxonidine-induced inhibition of IPSCs. Moxonidine increased the paired-pulse ratio and reduced the frequency of miniature IPSCs without affecting their amplitude, indicating that this agent inhibits IPSCs via presynaptic mechanisms. Moreover, the sulfhydryl alkylating agent N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) significantly reduced the moxonidine-induced inhibition of IPSCs. Thus, the activation of presynaptic I1-imidazoline receptors decreases GABA-mediated inhibition of medium spiny neurons in the striatum, in which NEM-sensitive proteins such as Gi/o-type G-proteins play an essential role. The adenylate cyclase activator forskolin partly opposed IPSC inhibition elicited by subsequently applied moxonidine. Furthermore, the protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate attenuated and the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine potentiated the moxonidine-induced inhibition of IPSCs. These results suggest that IPSC inhibition via presynaptic I1-imidazoline receptors involves intracellular adenylate cyclase activity and is influenced by static PKC activity in the striatum.
Do we need to enforce the homogeneous Neuman condition on the torso for solving the inverse electrocardiographic problem ?

Robust calculations of the inverse electrocardiographic problem may require accurate specification of boundary conditions at the torso and cardiac surfaces. In particular, the numerical specification of the no-flux condition on the torso is difficult because surface normals must be computed, and because the torso may alternatively be considered infinitely far away from the heart. Using the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) proposed in [1], this boundary conditions can be taken into account in different manners. Specifically, the no-flux condition on the torso can be ignored, or weighted with respect to the Dirichlet boundary condition associated to the torso data, or can be strongly enforced through a saddle-point problem. In this article, we compare these approaches. In this work we provide a preliminary comparison of these different strategies.
A new heterogeneous collaborative detection method based on Time Difference of Arrival and Direction of arrival by the fuzzy evidence theory

A new collaborative detection method of TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival) and DOA(Direction of arrival) has been proposed for weak signals. The fuzzy evidence theory is used to fuse the peaks of TDOA correlation and the spatial spectrum of MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification). In the paper, the TODA/DOA collaborative detector is designed, the basic probability assignment fuction(mass fuction or BPA fuction) and the membership fuction are used to express the uncertainty of the TDOA and DOA information. Then the information is fused by the D-S combination formula and the rule of game probability distribution is used to get the detection result. At last, the simulation results show that the performance of the detector is better than the traditional TDOA correlation detector.