Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis on signaling cost of mobile IP regional registration with paging support

In this paper, we present a comparison of IP routing in mobile environments. We consider four protocols: mobile IP, mobile IP with paging support, mobile IP regional registration and mobile IP regional registration with paging support. The comparison is done by mathematical modeling and simulation. The comparative metric is signaling costs which are measured by a composition of registration and paging messages. The comparison considers several system parameters such as the number of base stations in the paging area, cell perimeter and mobile node velocity.
WonderLens: Optical Lenses and Mirrors for Tangible Interactions on Printed Paper

This work presents WonderLens, a system of optical lenses and mirrors for enabling tangible interactions on printed paper. When users perform spatial operations on the optical components, they deform the visual content that is printed on paper, and thereby provide dynamic visual feedback on user interactions without any display devices. The magnetic unit that is embedded in each lens and mirror allows the unit to be identified and tracked using an analog Hall-sensor grid that is placed behind the paper, so the system provides additional auditory and visual feedback through different levels of embodiment, further enhancing the interactivity with the printed content on the physical paper.
Un jeu de rôle pour la scolarisation d’une question socioscientifique : un dispositif adapté pour l’acquisition de connaissances ?

A lot of researchers promote the schooling of socioscientific issues with an aim of citizenship education the last two decades. It raises the question of how to teach them in a classroom. This paper describes a play role about the choice of sustainable energies, built to enable students to handle the complexity of this issue. It focuses on knowledge learned during it. This social situation seems to lead to a significant increase in scientific knowledge and in the understanding of energy concepts.
The Dust Temperature of the “Dusty” Radio Galaxy MG 1019+0535: Evidence for an Outflow

Radio galaxies characteristically have strong Lyα emission lines. However, a few have Lyα equivalent widths that are substantially weaker in relation to other emission lines. One in particular, MG 1019+0535 (z = 2.765), was studied by Dey, Spinrad, & Dickinson in 1995. We report on our reduction of Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data in the 160 μm band for this galaxy. We also compile information on two other high-redshift active galaxies with weak Lyα lines, the radio galaxy TXS 0211-122 and the AGN-starburst galaxy F10214+4724, to provide a small weak-Lyα line sample. IRAS plus ISO data show that F10214+4724 has a temperature 89 ± 12 K. TXS 0211-122 was not detected in either the submillimeter or microwave. Submillimeter measurements of MG 1019+0535 by Cimatti et al. were suggestive of a dust temperature in the range 35 K ≤ Td ≤ 80 K. However, our 2 σ upper limit on the flux at 160 μm shows that Td ≲ 32 K. An energy argument based on observations which constrain the total optical extinction strongly suggests that the dust temperature must be even lower: Td≲20 K. We find the contrast between the high-temperature dust in the active starburst galaxy and the low-temperature dust in the evolved, albeit active galaxy, is consistent with an expanding cloud of dust. We find that the temperature range can be reconciled if we are seeing MG 1019+0535 at a poststarburst age of ≈500–700 Myr, with the bulk of its dust cloud at a galactocentric distance Rd ≳ 300 kpc.
Design and Prototyping of a Microcontroller Based synchrocheck relay for improved reliability

Redesign of traditional relays with microcontroller-based relays can be used to achieve a higher level of reliability. In this study, the results of redesign and prototyping of a synchrocheck relay using an 8952 microcontroller with improved reliability is discussed. These relays are usually used for paralleling two load-generation islands, or for closing an open loop in an electric power system. The designed circuit measures voltage, frequency and phase angle difference between the voltage signal on the two sides of an open circuit breaker; evaluates the existence of necessary conditions for synchronism, and then decides whether or not a command should be issued to allow the circuit breaker to close. If these conditions do not exist when the circuit breaker closes, the power system equipment on the two sides of the circuit breaker may be damaged due to the inrush current at the instant of closing the circuit. The integration of three timer-counters, internal code and data memory plus the single-bit handling and 8-bit divide and multiply instructions of 8952 make it suitable for this application. No external RAM or EPROM are needed and the processor internally performs all the necessary computations. (Journal of American Science 2009;5(5):181-188). (ISSN: 1545-1003).
About QLMS Derivations

In this letter, a review of the quaternionic least mean squares (QLMS) algorithm is proposed. Three versions coming from three derivation ways exist: the original QLMS [1] based on componentwise gradients, HR-QLMS [2] based on a quaternion gradient operator and iQLMS [3] based on an involutions-gradient. Noting and investigating the differences between the three QLMS formulations, we show that the original QLMS suffers from a mistake in the derivation calculus. Thus, we propose to derive rigorously the criterion following the first way, giving the correct version of QLMS. A comparison with the other QLMS versions validates these results on simulated data.
Erratum: The shape and composition of interstellar silicate grains

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New Results for the MAP Problem in Bayesian Networks

This paper presents new results for the (partial) maximum a posteriori (MAP) problem in Bayesian networks, which is the problem of querying the most probable state configuration of some of the network variables given evidence. First, it is demonstrated that the problem remains hard even in networks with very simple topology, such as binary polytrees and simple trees (including the Naive Bayes structure). Such proofs extend previous complexity results for the problem. Inapproximability results are also derived in the case of trees if the number of states per variable is not bounded. Although the problem is shown to be hard and inapproximable even in very simple scenarios, a new exact algorithm is described that is empirically fast in networks of bounded treewidth and bounded number of states per variable. The same algorithm is used as basis of a Fully Polynomial Time Approximation Scheme for MAP under such assumptions. Approximation schemes were generally thought to be impossible for this problem, but we show otherwise for classes of networks that are important in practice. The algorithms are extensively tested using some well-known networks as well as random generated cases to show their effectiveness.
Semen CD4+ T Cells and Macrophages Are Productively Infected at All Stages of SIV infection in Macaques

The mucosal events of HIV transmission have been extensively studied, but the role of infected cells present in the genital and rectal secretions, and in the semen, in particular, remains a matter of debate. As a prerequisite to a thorough in vivo investigation of the early transmission events through infected cells, we characterized in detail by multi-parameter flow cytometry the changes in macaque seminal leukocytes during SIVmac251 infection, focusing on T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Using immunocytofluorescence targeting SIV proteins and real-time quantitative PCR targeting SIV DNA, we investigated the nature of the infected cells on sorted semen leukocytes from macaques at different stages of infection. Finally, we cocultured semen CD4+ T cells and macrophages with a cell line permissive to SIV infection to assess their infectivity in vitro. We found that primary infection induced strong local inflammation, which was associated with an increase in the number of leukocytes in semen, both factors having the potential to favor cell-associated virus transmission. Semen CD4+ T cells and macrophages were productively infected at all stages of infection and were infectious in vitro. Lymphocytes had a mucosal phenotype and expressed activation (CD69 & HLA-DR) and migration (CCR5, CXCR4, LFA-1) markers. CD69 expression was increased in semen T cells by SIV infection, at all stages of infection. Macrophages predominated at all stages and expressed CD4, CCR5, MAC-1 and LFA-1. Altogether, we demonstrated that semen contains the two major SIV-target cells (CD4+ T cells and macrophages). Both cell types can be productively infected at all stages of SIV infection and are endowed with markers that may facilitate transmission of infection during sexual exposure.
Automatic acquisition of lexico-semantic knowledge for question answering

Lexico-semantic knowledge is becoming increasingly important within the area of natural language processing, especially for applications, such as Word Sense Disambiguation, Information Extraction and Question Answering (QA). Although the coverage of handmade resources, such as WordNet (Fellbaum, 1998), in general is impressive, coverage problems still exist for those applications involving specific domains or languages other than English. We are interested in using lexico-semantic knowledge in an open-domain question answering system for Dutch. Obtaining such knowledge from existing resources is possible, but only to a certain extent. The most important resource for our research is the Dutch portion of EuroWord-Net (Vossen, 1998), however its size is only half of that of the English WordNet. Therefore, many of the lexical items used in the QA task of the Cross Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF 1) for Dutch cannot be found in EuroWordNet. In addition, information regarding the classes to which named entities belong, e.g. Narvik IS-A harbour, has been shown to be useful for QA, but such information is typically absent from hand-built resources. For these reasons, we are interested in investigating methods which acquire lexico-semantic knowledge automatically from text corpora.
Performance Trade-Offs Among Optimized Beamforming Techniques for Smart Antenna System

Smart antenna is a promising technology for the efficient utilization of limited Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum, improved system capacities and wireless communications through the implementation of Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA). Smart antenna radiation patterns are controlled via beamforming algorithms exploiting sophisticated spatial processing techniques based upon certain optimum criteria. This paper highlights the implications of optimum beamforming techniques for achieving high data speed rates and coverage area in cellular communication networks. In this paper, optimum beamforming algorithms have been analysed such as Multiple Sidelobe Canceller (MSC), Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) and MinimumMean Square Error (MMSE) respectively. A trade-off analysis of various array performance metrics has also been presented among three beamforming techniques. Simulation results reveal that beamforming minimizes the interference power considerably by selecting optimum weights. The results illustrate that MMSE beamformer is helpful in mitigating Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) fading effects while MVDR beamformer has good performance in Line-of-Sight (LOS)fading environment. Moreover, MMSE beamformeroutperforms than other techniques with very narrower Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) and Null-to-Null Beamwidth (NNBW). Depending on the application, one of the techniques is carefully chosen for deployment in smart base station antenna for cellular communication networks.
Iron-Responsive Gene Regulation in a Campylobacter jejuni fur Mutant

ABSTRACT The expression of iron-regulated systems in gram-negative bacteria is generally controlled by the Fur protein, which represses the transcription of iron-regulated promoters by using Fe2+ as a cofactor. Mutational analysis of the Campylobacter jejuni fur gene was carried out by generation of a set of mutant copies of fur which had a kanamycin or chloramphenicol resistance gene introduced into the regions encoding the N and C termini of the Fur protein. The mutated genes were recombined into the C. jejuni NCTC 11168 chromosome, and putative mutants were confirmed by Southern hybridization. C. jejuni mutants were obtained only when the resistance genes were transcribed in the same orientation as the fur gene. The C. jejuni fur mutant grew slower than the parental strain. Comparison of protein profiles of fractionated C. jejuni cells grown in low- or high-iron medium indicated derepressed expression of three iron-regulated outer membrane proteins with molecular masses of 70, 75, and 80 kDa. Characterization by N-terminal amino acid sequencing showed the 75-kDa protein to be identical to CfrA, a Campylobacter colisiderophore receptor homologue, whereas the 70-kDa protein was identified as a new siderophore receptor homologue. Periplasmic fractions contained four derepressed proteins with molecular masses of 19, 29, 32, and 36 kDa. The 19-kDa protein has been previously identified, but its function is unknown. The cytoplasmic fraction contained two iron-repressed and two iron-induced proteins with molecular masses of 26, 55, 31, and 40 kDa, respectively. The two iron-repressed proteins have been previously identified as the oxidative stress defense proteins catalase (KatA) and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (AhpC). AhpC and KatA were still iron regulated in the fur mutant, suggesting the presence of Fur-independent iron regulation. Further analysis of the C. jejuni iron and Fur regulons by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis demonstrated the total number of iron- and Fur-regulated proteins to be lower than for other bacterial pathogens.
Endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: results from seven years of epidemiological
 surveillance

Objetivo: Descrever a incidência, a apresentação clínica e a evolução dos casos de endoftalmites ocorridos em um centro oftalmológico no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata no período de 2008 a 2014. Foram avaliadas as variáveis clínicas associadas ao desfecho de endoftalmite pós-operatória. Resultados: durante o período do estudo, foram realizadas 27.609 cirurgias de catarata. Foram identificados 35 casos de endoftalmite. A incidência global de endoftalmite foi de 0,13%, com variação anual de 0,04% a 0,27%. Os principais sinais e sintomas em pacientes com endoftalmite foram dor ocular e baixa acuidade visual associado à hiperemia conjuntival e hipópio. Os microrganismos gram-positivos foram os agentes etiológicos mais frequentes. Todos os pacientes receberam uma injeção intravítreo de antibióticos como tratamento imediato. A acuidade visual final foi igual ou pior que a capacidade de contar os dedos do examinador em 57,1% dos pacientes. Evisceração ou enucleação foi necessário em 3 pacientes. Conclusão: A incidência de endoftalmite e a maioria dos sinais e sintomas encontrados neste estudo estão de acordo com os reportados na literatura. Embora a taxa de incidência seja baixa, a perda de visão experimentada pela maioria dos pacientes com endoftalmite após a cirurgia de catarata destaca a necessidade de esforços para medidas de prevenção de infecção e diagnóstico precoce para evitar tais complicações. Descritores: Endoftalmite; Extração de catarata; Infecção da ferida cirúrgica; Monitoramento epidemiológico; Controle de infecções AbstrAct
Fast algorithms for image decomposition based on split Bregman technology

The image decomposition model based on total variation and homogeneous Besov spaces (TV-Besov) has gained great success in cartoon-texture decomposition. Since the TV norm is not differentiable, its numerical computation is very slow using PDEs based gradient descent methods. To overcome this difficulty, iterative descent algorithms were proposed based on split Bregman methods and fast Fourier transform(FFT) aiming for p = 1, p = 2 and p = ∞ respectively. Numerical simulations show that the proposed methods could effectively improve the convergence speed.
Structure, Pose and Motion of Bilateral Symmetric Objects

This paper concerns the determination of structure and pose of bilateral symmetric objects from a single perspective view. The estimation of 3-D inter-frame motion of such objects is also addressed. Particular attention is given to the interpretation of image-plane quadrilaterals as the perspective projection of bilateral symmetric trapezia. A simple algorithm is described for reconstructing a symmetric trapezium from a given image quadrilateral, and for determining 3-D motion from two matched image quadrilaterals. Experiments with both synthetic and real images are included to demonstrate the validity of the theoretic results.
Level set calculations of the evolution of boundaries on a dynamically adaptive grid

We present a general algorithm for the study of the evolution of interfaces in growth processes based on the level set method, using the narrow band and the fast marching approximations, applied on a dynamically adaptive grid. A novel construction of a dynamical adaptive grid is presented. One important feature is that we establish a controllable finite‐width region of the highest resolution straddling the physically important boundary. This high‐resolution stripe provides a better description of the important physical variables. An efficient and robust coupling of a hierarchical space description structure with the state‐of‐the‐art level set method is established. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constructing r-Hop 2-Connected Dominating Sets for Fault-Tolerant Backbone in Wireless Sensor Networks

Connected dominated subsets (CDS) of nodes in wireless sensor network are always selected to form a virtual backbone. Construction of r-hop 2-connected dominating sets can reduce the size of CDS and the total amount of information to be transmitted. The 2-connected properties can provide higher fault tolerance and robustness as well. In this paper an approximation r-hop 2-connected dominating set algorithm for wireless sensor and ad-hoc networks is presented. The main strategy is partition to three phases: in the first phase, an r-hop independent dominating set is established; in the second phase, the r-hop dominating set is interconnected successively to form a connected subgraph; in the third phase, more vertices are selected and added into dominating set to make it 2-connected. Extensive simulations according to the algorithm steps have been conducted. Performance with detailed analysis has been shown at last.
ESTIMATION OF VELOCITY, SHAPE, AND POSITION OF MOVING OBJECTS WITH SAR

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, moving objects appear defocused or at wrong positions, depending on the direction of their motion. In order to get a correct and focused image of the moving objects, it is necessary to know the real positions and velocities of the objects. Here, a method for detection of arbitrarily moving ground–based objects and for estimation of their velocities, shapes, and positions is presented. The knowledge of these parameters is used to compensate the SAR image, i. e. to eliminate the imaging errors due to object motion. The proposed method is based on evaluation of a sequence of single–look SAR images, generated from conventional SAR raw data. It is shown that the knowledge of the shapes of the objects can improve the compensation of the SAR image. Two kinds of imaging of the moving objects including the stationary background are possible, either in a compensated multilook image or in a compensated sequence of single– look images.
Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an overview of major findings from meta-analyses

This paper aims to systematically review the major findings from meta-analyses comparing different treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 153 relevant papers were searched via the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases. They were classified according to the mainstay treatment modalities (i.e., liver transplantation, surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial embolization or chemoembolization, sorafenib, and others). The primary outcome data, such as overall survival, diseases-free survival or recurrence-free survival, progression-free survival, and safety, were summarized. The recommendations and uncertainties regarding the treatment of HCC were also proposed.
Seeking a reflexive space for teaching to and about diversity: emergent properties of enablement and constraint for teacher educators

ABSTRACT The recasting of teaching as a technical enterprise rather than as a space for intelligent problem-solving means that governments around the world will continue to pursue agendas to regulate and prescribe teacher education. Teacher education reform has been attempted for over 30 years in many countries around the world, yet the crucial priority of preparing teachers for increasingly diverse classrooms has not been addressed. We used reflexivity theory and an innovative social lab methodology to investigate the conditions of teacher education experienced by 12 teacher educators at a metropolitan university in Australia. Personal, structural and cultural emergent properties were evident and were experienced variously as both enablements and constraints. Our findings show that these teacher educators were more constrained than enabled in their reflexivity for teaching to and about diversity. We argue that teacher educators need to form deep and enduring inquiry relationships with schools and communities in order to develop context-specific solutions to address the complexities of teaching to diversity.
Extraction of Multiple Fundamental Frequencies from Polyphonic Music Using Harmonic Clustering

In this paper, a method for extracting fundamental frequencies (F0s) from single channel input signal of concurrent sounds is described. By considering that an observed spectral density distribution is a statistical distribution of (imaginary) micro-energies, we attempt to classify them into each sound by the use of clustering principle. We call this approach a “Harmonic Clustering. ” One of the formulation of this clustering can be expressed in same way as a maximum likelihood of Gaussian mixture model (GMM) using EM algorithm. Our algorithm enables to estimate not only F0s but also a number and each spectral envelope of underlying harmonic structure on the basis of an information criterion. It operates without restriction of a number of mixed sounds and a variety of sound sources, and extracts F0s as accurate values with spectral domain procedures. Experimental results showed high performance of our algorithm.