Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nearly-optimal bounds for sparse recovery in generic norms, with applications to k-median sketching

We initiate the study of trade-offs between sparsity and the number of measurements in sparse recovery schemes for generic norms. Specifically, for a norm $\|\cdot\|$, sparsity parameter $k$, approximation factor $K>0$, and probability of failure $P>0$, we ask: what is the minimal value of $m$ so that there is a distribution over $m \times n$ matrices $A$ with the property that for any $x$, given $Ax$, we can recover a $k$-sparse approximation to $x$ in the given norm with probability at least $1-P$? We give a partial answer to this problem, by showing that for norms that admit efficient linear sketches, the optimal number of measurements $m$ is closely related to the doubling dimension of the metric induced by the norm $\|\cdot\|$ on the set of all $k$-sparse vectors. By applying our result to specific norms, we cast known measurement bounds in our general framework (for the $\ell_p$ norms, $p \in [1,2]$) as well as provide new, measurement-efficient schemes (for the Earth-Mover Distance norm). The latter result directly implies more succinct linear sketches for the well-studied planar $k$-median clustering problem. Finally, our lower bound for the doubling dimension of the EMD norm enables us to address the open question of [Frahling-Sohler, STOC'05] about the space complexity of clustering problems in the dynamic streaming model.
A machine vision system with an irregular imaging function

Traditional machine vision systems sample images at a fixed resolution and a presetting speed in one inspection. When detecting small defects in a large background, there is usually a large amount of redundancy in the image data. To solve this problem, a machine vision system with an irregular imaging function is presented in the paper. The system can irregularly sample images with a high resolution in the defect area and a low resolution in the background area, which reduces the total data in image processing and increases the speed and accuracy of real-time inspection significantly.
Resilience, post-traumatic growth, and work engagement among health care professionals after the Great East Japan Earthquake: A 4-year prospective follow-up study

Although attention has been paid to post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among health care professionals after disasters, the impact of traumatic events on their work has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine whether disaster‐related distress, resilience, and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) affect work engagement among health care professionals who had been deployed to the areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011.
The Overview of Training Needs on Differentiated Instruction for Early Childhood Teachers

How a kindergarten teacher can make the all of the students grasp the learning materials and remain enthusiastic even though they have varied ability and diverse background, is a classic problem faced by many teachers, including early childhood teachers. It appeared that teachers had problems in adjusting instruction that is able to fulfill the educational need of all pupils with varying abilities. The impact of teacher inability to differentiate instruction was especially for ‘less able’ students. They did not understand the lesson. A previous study revealed that some of kindergarten teachers use teacherdirected approach and didactic teaching. Early childhood educator expert noted that preschool classes and kindergartens have begun to look more like traditional 1st grade classes: young children are expected to sit quietly while they listen to whole-class instruction. Differentiated instruction is the process of identifying students’ individual learning strengths, needs, and interests and adapting lessons to match them. However, in applying differentiated instructions is not as easy as it seems. Therefore, before implementing differentiated instructions, a training need analysis should be conducted to regards teachers’ current ability. The purpose of this study was to describe the kindergarten teachers’ perspectives of their training needs on differentiated instruction. A kindergarten school which used the Beyond Centre and Circle Time (BCCT) approach was chosen as the venue for this study. A qualitative study with in-depth interview was conducted with early childhood teachers and headmaster as the participants. The data from interview was analysed using thematic analysis. The results revealed that teachers tended to differentiate the activities and teaching aids, however they hardly set different learning goals for varied ability, and rarely structured the lesson in a particular way to accommodate student differences. Teachers tried to vary the method and seating arrangement. Meanwhile, the tasks weren’t modified to accommodate students with additional learning needs. The suggestion for future differentiated instruction training will be developed based on teachers’ needs.
Rupture tests on polysilicon films through on-chip electrostatic actuation [MEMS applications]

A set of rotational test structures for on-chip fracture characterization of 0.7 /spl mu/m thick polysilicon film have been designed, modeled and fabricated. The structures are actuated by a large number of comb-fingers capacitors which develop a force sufficient to load the specimens in bending up to rupture. A 3D FE model of the whole structures was used during the design phase. Tests were carried out at room temperature and at atmospheric humidity. The measured Young modulus of the tested polysilicon was 182/spl plusmn/9 GPa. The low dispersion around the mean value confirms the quality and the good reliability of the whole procedure. Rupture stresses computed after the application of Weibull theory were 1875/spl plusmn/333 MPa.
A Prospective Study of Offending Patterns of Youth Homicide Offenders Into Adulthood

Although youth homicide offenders (YHOs) are portrayed as a group that warrants considerable attention from the justice system because of their high likelihood of future offending, little is known about this group’s offending trajectories and the nature of posthomicide offenses in adulthood. These questions were investigated using a sample of male and female YHOs (n = 26), violent YHOs (n = 358), and nonviolent YHOs (n =139), all of whom were followed prospectively into adulthood. First, the prevalence of adult recidivism did not vary across the three groups. Second, YHOs were more frequent offenders prior to their homicide offense than after their homicide offense, and when they did offend posthomicide, it was typically a nonserious crime. Third, YHOs did not differ from other offenders in their association to a specific offending trajectory. These findings are discussed in the context of assessment and treatment of serious and violent youth.
The gravitational wave background from cosmological compact binaries

We use a population synthesis approach to characterize, as a function of cosmic time, the extragalactic close binary population descended from stars of low to intermediate initial mass. The unresolved gravitational wave (GW) background due to these systems is calculated for the 0.1‐10 mHz frequency band of the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). This background is found to be dominated by emission from close white dwarf‐white dwarf (WD‐ WD) pairs. The spectral shape can be understood in terms of some simple analytic arguments. To quantify the astrophysical uncertainties, we construct a range of evolutionary models which produce populations consistent with Galactic observations of close WD‐WD binaries. The models differ in binary evolution prescriptions as well as initial parameter distributions and cosmic star formation histories. We compare the resulting background spectra, the shapes of which are found to be insensitive to the model chosen, and different to those found recently by Schneider et al. From this set of models, we constrain the amplitude of the extragalactic
-Layer Hamiltonian Toy Models for Stratospheric Dynamics

A two-layer Hamiltonian toy model consisting of two isentropic stratospheric layers is simplified using perturbation analysis while preserving the Hamiltonian structure. These two layers are neutrally and stably stratified. The first approximation applies when the Froude number of the upper isentropic layer is small, such that the upper surface is approximately rigid, and this upper layer is much thicker than the lower layer. A conservative 1 1 2 -layer isentropic model emerges when leading-order perturbation theory is used in the Hamiltonian formulation of the isentropic two-layer model. Furthermore, Hamiltonian theory directly leads to (Salmon’s) L1-dynamics for the novel 1 1 2 -layer model, following a more concise derivation than shown before, when the Rossby number in the upper stratospheric layer is small and leads to a geostrophic constraint.
Secure fingertip mouse for mobile devices

Various attacks may disclose sensitive information such as passwords of mobile devices. Residue-based attacks exploit oily or heat residues on the touch screen, computer vision based attacks analyze the hand movement on a keyboard, and sensor based attacks measure a device's motion difference via motion sensors as different keys are tapped. A randomized soft keyboard may defeat these attacks. However, a randomized key layout is counter-intuitive and users may be reluctant to adopt it. In this paper, we introduce a novel and intuitive input system, secure finger mouse, which uses a mobile device's camera sensing the fingertip movement, moves an on-screen cursor and performs clicks by sensing click gestures. We design a randomized mouse acceleration algorithm so that the adversary cannot infer keys clicked on the soft keyboard by observing the finger movement. The secure finger mouse can defeat attacks including residue, computer vision and motion based attacks too. We perform both theoretical analysis and real-world experiments to demonstrate the security and usability of the secure fingertip mouse.
PARAMETERIZING NILPOTENT ORBITS VIA THE BRUHAT-TITS BUILDING

Let k denote a field with discrete valuation. We assume that k is complete with perfect residue field. Let G be the group ofk-rational points of a connected, reductive, linear algebraic group defined over k. Let g denote the Lie algebra of G. Fix r 2 R. Subject to some restrictions, we show that the set of distinguished degenerate Moy-Pr asad cosets of depth r (up to an equivalence relation) parameterizes the nilpotent orbits in g. 0. INTRODUCTION Let k denote a field with discrete valuation. We assume that k is complete with perfect residue field f. Let G denote the group of k-rational points of a reductive, connected, linear algebraic group defined over k and letg denote its Lie algebra. The theory of Bala and Carter [4, 5] provides a parameterization of the nilpotent or bits in g in terms ofG-conjugacy classes of pairs (L;X). HereL is a Levi subgroup of G, andX is a distinguished element of Lie(L). In the depth zero case, the main result of this paper may be viewed as an affine analogue of Bala-Carter theory; namely, we provide a class ifi ation of the nilpotent orbits ing in terms of equivalence classes of pairs (GF=G+F ; X). HereGF is a parahoric subgroup ofG with pro-unipotent radical G+F , andX is a distinguished element of Lie(GF=G+F ). In this article we extend this affine analogue of Bala-Carter theory to coset s f arbitrary fixed depth. The final result is stated in Theorem 4.6. 1. We now summarize the contents of this paper. Suppose r 2 R. In section 2 we discuss a natural structure on the building of G which allows us to parameterize Moy-Prasad cosets of depthr. We also introduce an equivalence relation on these cosets which generalize s the concept of associate [14, 16] in a natural way. Section 3 is largely a generalization of [6, x3]; subject to certain hypotheses (see x3.2) we discuss how to generate sl2(k)-triples ing from sl2(f)-triples andvice-versa. Finally, in section 4 we give the full parameterization scheme. In the special case when r = 0, the parameterization scheme discussed in this article is inherent (though neither stated nor proved) in a paper of Dan Barbasch and Allen Moy [6 ]. Magdy Assem pointed this out to Robert Kottwitz who, in turn, pointed it out to me. Also in the cas when r = 0, J.-L. Waldspurger [19] develops a conjectural parameterization scheme simi lar to that given here but for unipotent orbits. He verifies his conjecture in a number of cases. Date: August 5, 2000. 1991Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 20G25; Secondary 17B45, 20G15.
Rejection of polynomial-in-time disturbances via disturbance observer with guaranteed robust stability

The type-k disturbance observer, known as ‘high order disturbance observer’, is a variant of disturbance observer which contains an internal model for polynomial-in-time disturbances so that it can reject those disturbances exactly as well as unmodelled low frequency disturbances approximately. This paper presents a systematic design procedure for the type-k disturbance observer so that the closed-loop system is robustly internally stable and at the same time polynomial-in-time disturbances are rejected exactly. To develop the procedure, we employ the Kharitonov theorem and a root-locus based design tool to deal with the uncertain plant parameters explicitly, and as a result it is guaranteed that one can always find a solution step by step even if the uncertain parameters belong to an arbitrarily large (but bounded) set.
A Comparative Analysis of Signature Schemes in a New Approach of Variant on ECDSA

Till date, most of the signature schemes are based on an Elliptic curve. The Elliptic curve based on signature scheme is called as ECDSA. In support of this scheme a study on a number of schemes was done. We also extend this signature schemes to a Variant Scheme level of ECDSA. In this paper, we propose a new variant ECDSA scheme that will produces the high level security with the help of the parameters. We give a brief preamble to the signature scheme in chapter I and the give a comparative result in the chapter XI. Finally, we show that the proposed variant ECDSA satisfy every security levels on the signature schemes
Managing Off-Chip Bandwidth : A Case for Bandwidth-Friendly Replacement Policy

With the expected increase in the number of on-chip cores the demand for off-chip bus, memory ports, and chip pins increases. This makes off-chip bandwidth a very scarce resource and can severely hurt performance. Off-chip bandwidth is mainly generated by the on-chip cache hierarchy (cache misses and cache writebacks), which depends on the replacement policy. There is a huge body of research on enhancing the cache replacement policy to reduce the number of misses of a cache. Bandwidth requirement has always been of secondary importance. In the multicore and manycore era this is no longer the case. Replacement policy must take into account both the cache performance and the traffic generated by the cache, which is the topic of this paper. In this paper we study several dynamic replacement policies with the aim to reduce the traffic generated from last level cache to main memory while not increasing the number of misses. We show that we can do better than a traditional LRU policy with very little hardware overhead.
Weed or Wheel! fMRI, Behavioural, and Toxicological Investigations of How Cannabis Smoking Affects Skills Necessary for Driving

Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug, however its effects on cognitive functions underling safe driving remain mostly unexplored. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of cannabis on the driving ability of occasional smokers, by investigating changes in the brain network involved in a tracking task. The subject characteristics, the percentage of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the joint, and the inhaled dose were in accordance with real-life conditions. Thirty-one male volunteers were enrolled in this study that includes clinical and toxicological aspects together with functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and measurements of psychomotor skills. The fMRI paradigm was based on a visuo-motor tracking task, alternating active tracking blocks with passive tracking viewing and rest condition. We show that cannabis smoking, even at low Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol blood concentrations, decreases psychomotor skills and alters the activity of the brain networks involved in cognition. The relative decrease of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent response (BOLD) after cannabis smoking in the anterior insula, dorsomedial thalamus, and striatum compared to placebo smoking suggests an alteration of the network involved in saliency detection. In addition, the decrease of BOLD response in the right superior parietal cortex and in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex indicates the involvement of the Control Executive network known to operate once the saliencies are identified. Furthermore, cannabis increases activity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, suggesting an increase in self-oriented mental activity. Subjects are more attracted by intrapersonal stimuli (“self”) and fail to attend to task performance, leading to an insufficient allocation of task-oriented resources and to sub-optimal performance. These effects correlate with the subjective feeling of confusion rather than with the blood level of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol. These findings bolster the zero-tolerance policy adopted in several countries that prohibits the presence of any amount of drugs in blood while driving.
Behavior based Mobile Robot Navigation Technique using AI System: Experimental Investigations

A key issue in the research of an autonomous mobile robot is the design and development of a navigation technique that enables the robot to navigate in a real world environment. This paper is focused on the (a) Establishment of a methodology to model the control system that optimizes the behavior rules using Fuzzy Associative Memory (FAM) for mobile robot navigation. The existing methods focuses on mainly to map certain portion of the input space to the outputs, whereas the method proposed in the research is mainly based on mapping of the entire input space to the outputs. The proposed FAM approach reduces the number rules significantly. (b) Experimental investigations of mobile robot using the proposed Alpha level fuzzy logic system are discussed and evaluated. These methodologies are tested and evaluated using Active Media Pioneer, Nomad Scout and Khepera II Robots. The results are analyzed, evaluated and compared with the most accepted methods. This approach provides a formal methodology for representing and implementing the human expert heuristic knowledge and perception-based action in robot navigation without needing of any analytical model.
Self esteem and its relationship with academic self-efficacy beliefs and perceived stress in adolescents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 What is adolescence? 1.2 What is Self-Esteem? 1.3 The Development of Self-Esteem 1.4 Effects of High/Low Self-Esteem 1.5 What is Academic Self-Efficacy? 1.6 Perceived Stress 1.7 Gender Differences 1.8 Previous Research 1.9 Rationale 1.10 Aim Chapter 2: Methodology 2.1 Participants 2.2 Design
Acoustic lexemes for organizing internet audio

In this article, a method is proposed for automatic fine-scale audio description that draws inspiration from ontological sound description methods such as Shaeffer's Objets Sonores and Smalley's Spectromorphology. The goal is complete automation of audio description at the level of sound objects for indexing and retrieving sound segments within Internet audio documents. To automatically segment audio documents into acoustic lexemes, a hidden Markov model is employed. It is demonstrated that the symbol stream of cluster labels, generated by the Viterbi algorithm, constitutes a detailed description of audio as a sequence of spectral archetypes. The ASCII base-64 encoding scheme maps cluster indices to one-character symbols that are segmented into 8-gram sequences for indexing in a relational database. To illustrate the methods, the essential components of an audio search engine are described: the automatic cataloguer, the retrieval engine and the query language. The results of experiments that test the accuracy and the retrieval efficiency of six new similarity-matching algorithms for audio using acoustic lexemes are presented. The article concludes with examples of audio matching using the structured query language (SQL) for creating new musical sequences from large extant audio collections.
Properties Associated with Tumor Growth and Metastasis CD 24 Expression Causes the Acquisition of Multiple Cellular

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein CD24 functions as an adhesion molecule for P-selectin and L1 and plays a role in B-cell development and neurogenesis. Over the last few years, a large body of literature has also implicated CD24 expression in tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we show that ectopic CD24 expression can be sufficient to promote tumor metastasis in experimental animals. By developing a doxycycline-inducible system for the expression of CD24 in breast cancer cells, we have also analyzed the cellular properties that CD24 expression influences. We found that CD24 expression increased tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, in addition to promoting binding to P-selectin, CD24 expression also indirectly stimulated cell adhesion to fibronectin, collagens I and IV, and laminin through the activation of A3B1 and A4B1 integrin activity. Moreover, CD24 expression supported rapid cell spreading and strongly induced cell motility and invasion. CD24-induced proliferation and motility were integrin independent. Together, these observations implicate CD24 in the regulation of multiple cell properties of direct relevance to tumor growth and metastasis. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(23): 10783-93)
A real-time information hiding algorithm based on HTTP protocol

Based on the structure of HTTP protocol, a real-time information hiding algorithm was proposed in this paper, to solve the problem that embedding a mass of data in the TCP/IP packet. The secret information is embedded in HTTP protocol header fields. It's proved that the capacity of the algorithm is perfect by experiments, and more than 1000 bytes of data could be embedded in a HTTP request-packet (Get-packet), while the transparency is very well. At the same time, the information hidden will not affect on packets transmitting.
An Improved Parallel Eight Direction Prewitt Edge Detection Algorithm

Detection algorithms are at the center of the recognition process in computer vision and image processing. This paper presents our design and implementation of efficient sequential and parallel edge detection algorithms that are capable of producing high quality results while performing at a rapid speed. The parallel version, derived from our efficient sequential algorithm, is designed for the new shared memory MIMD multicore platforms. The improved median filter is capable of suppressing impulse noise and other noises more effectively than the original. A global thresholding method augments our design to dynamically find a suitable thresholding value. In order to measure the quality and execution time, we test images with different sizes along with the original Prewitt and Canny edge detection algorithm already in Matlab, to show the possibility of using our design within different applications. The paper will demonstrate the ability to process extremely large images useful for biomedical image processing.