Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A dynamic adaptive observer for speed sensorless intelligent control of PMSM drives

This paper presents an evaluation and investigation of a dynamic adaptive observer for the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive performance under the speed sensorless intelligent control. Sensorless speed control of PMSM as a more robust, smaller size and less expensive solution is presented. A Luenberger statebased adaptive (LSA) observer is proposed here to estimate the rotor position and angular speed of the motor. These estimated values are the feedback for vector control in the current loop and for speed control in the speed loop. The rotor angular speed is regulated by using speed fuzzy logic controller (FLC). This paper presents a contribution in eliminating the need for three voltage sensors which measure the three-phase voltages. These voltage sensors increase the system cost and reduce the system reliability. However, these costs can be eliminated by proper calculation. The system mathematical modeling and the experimental verifications of the proposed LSA observer and the speed FLC for the PMSM are introduced. A 850 w PMSM drive test setup is designed and constructed including a dSPACE 1104 as the control heart of the proposed system. The simulation and experimental results are demonstrated to verify the validity of the proposed LSA dynamic observer for sensorless fuzzy-based speed controller of PMSMs.
How and Why Do Family and Systemic Therapies Work

My reviews of the evidence base for family therapy conducted over the past 15 years have been guided by four key questions. Does systemic therapy work? What sorts of systemic therapy work for specific problems? What processes occur in effective systemic therapy? Is systemic therapy cost-effective? In this paper answers to these questions are given. Systemic interventions are effective for about two out of three cases. Specific models of effective systemic therapy have been developed for most common mental health problems. There are many processes shared by evidence-based models of practice that can be incorporated into the routine practice of research-informed family therapy. Systemic therapy is cost-effective and in many cases leads to medical cost-offsets. Available evidence indicates that family therapy can make a very significant contribution to alleviating suffering and making the world a better place to be.
The Evaluation of a Questionnaire Measuring Severity of Alcohol Dependence*

This paper is concerned with the evaluation of the Hilton Drinking Behaviour Questionnaire (HDBQ), which is based on the proposition that although there are wide variations in the types of problems caused by alcohol abuse there are certain symptoms which are generally considered to indicate ‘alcoholism’. Also that there is an identifiable pattern of symptom development in the acquisition of dependence. The HDBQ proved to be a unidim.ensional scale which was valid and reliable as a m.easure of alcoholfsm, All items significantly discritninated between the alcoholic and control groups, and total scores correlated highly with those on the Alcadd test and with quantity-frequency measures of drinking. The theoretical and clinical implication of the results are discussed.
Is there supernova evidence for dark energy metamorphosis

We reconstruct the equation of state w(z) of dark energy (DE) using a recently released data set containing 172 Type Ia supernovae (SNe) without assuming the prior w(z) ≥−1 (in contrast to previous studies). We find that DE evolves rapidly and metamorphoses from dust-like behaviour at high z (w≃ 0 at z∼ 1) to a strongly negative equation of state at present (w≲−1 at z≃ 0). DE metamorphosis appears to be a robust phenomenon which manifests for a large variety of SNe data samples provided one does not invoke the weak energy prior ρ+p≥ 0. Invoking this prior considerably weakens the rate of growth of w(z). These results demonstrate that DE with an evolving equation of state provides a compelling alternative to a cosmological constant if data are analysed in a prior-free manner and the weak energy condition is not imposed by hand.
Tacit knowledge and the biological weapons regime

Bioterrorism has become increasingly salient in security discourse in part because of perceived changes in the capacity and geography of life science research. Yet its salience is founded upon a framing of changes in science and security that does not always take into consideration the somewhat slippery concept of ‘tacit knowledge’, something poorly understood, disparately conceptualised and often marginalised in discussions on state and non-state biological weapons programmes. This paper looks at how changes in science and technology—particularly the evolution of information and communications technology—has contributed to the partial erosion of aspects of tacit knowledge and the implications for the biological weapons regime. This paper concludes by arguing that the marginalisation of tacit knowledge weakens our understanding of the difficulties encountered in biological weapons programmes and can result in distorted perceptions of the threat posed by dual-use biotechnology in the 21st century.
Proteomics of ionically bound and soluble extracellular proteins in Medicago truncatula leaves

A large proportion of the apoplast proteome resides in the intercellular fluid (IF) or is ionically bound (IB) to the wall matrix. A combined analysis of IF and IB proteins of the Medicago truncatula leaf apoplast was performed. 2‐DE analyses demonstrated the reproducible presence of 220 IF and 84 IB proteins in the apoplast. These two protein populations were largely distinct; 22 proteins could be spatially matched, but MALDI‐TOF/TOF analyses suggested a considerably smaller number had common identities. MALDI‐TOF/TOF characterisation identified 81 distinct proteins. Analyses of selected IF proteins (45) indicated 17 distinct proteins with mainly defence‐related functions, whereas analyses of IB proteins (70) identified 63 distinct proteins of diverse natures, including proteins of non‐canonical natures. The presence of non‐canonical proteins in IB extracts is discussed in the light of evidence supporting a low level of contamination of purified walls from symplastic proteins. This work indicates that IB and IF proteins are functionally distinct fractions of the apoplast. The data obtained complements earlier studies of the Medicago proteome and therefore will be useful in future studies investigating the role of apoplastic proteins in plant processes.
Excimer Laser Phototherapeutic Keratectomy Retreatment of Anterior Basement Membrane Dystrophy and Salzmann's Nodular Degeneration with Topical Mitomycin C

Purpose. To report a case of excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy retreatment of anterior basement membrane (ABM) dystrophy and Salzmann's nodular degeneration with a single intraoperative application of topical mitomycin C (0.02%). Methods. Case report. Results. A 91-year-old woman underwent excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) in the left eye for ABM dystrophy and Salzmann's nodular degeneration causing decreased visual acuity (VA), ocular irritation, and recurrent erosions. Slit-lamp examination of both eyes revealed diffuse ABM dystrophy changes with mild to moderate subepithelial and anterior stromal haze and scarring involving the visual axis. The PTK treatment was preceded by a superficial keratectomy with a blade. The excimer laser was set for a 6-mm circular ablation zone with a treatment depth of 5 &mgr;m. The cornea remained clear for several months. Six months after surgery, the patient presented with difficulty reading and VA of 20/70. Slit-lamp examination of the left eye revealed recurrent Salzmann-type nodular degeneration inferior to the visual axis. A treatment course of topical steroids was not successful. She underwent another superficial keratectomy with a blade and PTK treatment (same laser parameters as the first procedure) with a 2-minute application of 0.02% mitomycin C on a cellulose sponge. The surgery proceeded without complications. On postoperative day 7, she presented with a healed epithelium and faint anterior stromal haze. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/50, which is her best-expected VA. Six months after the procedure, the cornea revealed no signs of recurrence. Conclusion. The use of topical mitomycin C in conjunction with PTK may prevent recurrence of Salzmann's nodular degeneration.
Commonsense in Parts: Mining Part-Whole Relations from the Web and Image Tags

Commonsense knowledge about part-whole relations (e.g., screen partOf notebook) is important for interpreting user input in web search and question answering, or for object detection in images. Prior work on knowledge base construction has compiled part-whole assertions, but with substantial limitations: i) semantically different kinds of part-whole relations are conflated into a single generic relation, ii) the arguments of a part-whole assertion are merely words with ambiguous meaning, iii) the assertions lack additional attributes like visibility (e.g., a nose is visible but a kidney is not) and cardinality information (e.g., a bird has two legs while a spider eight), iv) limited coverage of only tens of thousands of assertions. This paper presents a new method for automatically acquiring part-whole commonsense from Web contents and image tags at an unprecedented scale, yielding many millions of assertions, while specifically addressing the four shortcomings of prior work. Our method combines pattern-based information extraction methods with logical reasoning. We carefully distinguish different relations: physicalPartOf, memberOf, substanceOf. We consistently map the arguments of all assertions onto WordNet senses, eliminating the ambiguity of word-level assertions. We identify whether the parts can be visually perceived, and infer cardinalities for the assertions. The resulting commonsense knowledge base has very high quality and high coverage, with an accuracy of 89% determined by extensive sampling, and is publicly available.
Identifying Collocations to Measure Compositionality: Shared Task System Description

This paper describes three systems from the University of Minnesota, Duluth that participated in the DiSCo 2011 shared task that evaluated distributional methods of measuring semantic compositionality. All three systems approached this as a problem of collocation identification, where strong collocates are assumed to be minimally compositional. duluth-1 relies on the t-score, whereas duluth-2 and duluth-3 rely on Pointwise Mutual Information (pmi). duluth-1 was the top ranked system overall in coarse--grained scoring, which was a 3-way category assignment where pairs were assigned values of high, medium, or low compositionality.
Parallel Name Lookup for Named Data Networking

Name-based route lookup is a key function for Named Data Networking (NDN). The NDN names are hierarchical and have variable and unbounded lengths, which are much longer than IPv4/6 address, making fast name lookup a challenging issue. In this paper, we propose a parallel architecture for NDN name lookup called Parallel Name Lookup (PNL) which leverages hardware parallelism to achieve high lookup speedup while keeping a low and controllable memory redundancy. The core of PNL is an allocation algorithm that maps the logically tree-based structure to physically parallel modules, with low computational complexity. We evaluate the PNL's performance and show that PNL dramatically accelerates the name lookup process. Furthermore, with certain knowledge of prior probability, the speedup can be significantly improved.
Competitive differential evolution applied to CEC 2013 problems

A variant of adaptive differential evolution (DE) with twelve competing strategies was applied to the set of benchmark problems proposed for the CEC 2013 competition. Competitive adaptation of DE strategies and parameter settings avoids tuning of most control-parameter values because only the size of population must be set by the user of the algorithm. The experimental results showed acceptable reliability of the search first of all in the problems with unrotated objective functions of smaller dimension. The possible cause of unreliability of the algorithm in the rotated functions is analyzed.
Learning Polychronous Neuronal Groups Using Joint Weight-Delay Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity

Abstract Polychronous neuronal group (PNG), a type of cell assembly, is one of the putative mechanisms for neural information representation. According to the reader-centric definition, some readout neurons can become selective to the information represented by polychronous neuronal groups under ongoing activity. Here, in computational models, we show that the frequently activated polychronous neuronal groups can be learned by readout neurons with joint weight-delay spike-timing-dependent plasticity. The identity of neurons in the group and their expected spike timing at millisecond scale can be recovered from the incoming weights and delays of the readout neurons. The detection performance can be further improved by two layers of readout neurons. In this way, the detection of polychronous neuronal groups becomes an intrinsic part of the network, and the readout neurons become differentiated members in the group to indicate whether subsets of the group have been activated according to their spike timing. The readout spikes representing this information can be used to analyze how PNGs interact with each other or propagate to downstream networks for higher-level processing.
A Longitudinal Study of the Effect of Voicing on the Dichotic Listening Ear Advantage in Boys and Girls at Age 5 to 8

Recent studies indicate that the effect of voicing on the ear advantage in dichotic listening might serve as indicator of the development of speech processing abilities in children. In the present longitudinal study, we tested this idea by applying dichotic listening with voiced and unvoiced consonant-vowel syllables. In 35 boys and girls, tested at the age of 5, 6, 7, and 8 years, we found that the effect of voicing increases with age, and that girls were more affected by the voicing characteristics than boys. These results indicate a sex difference in the development of speech processing abilities.
Dynamic video summarization and visualization

In this paper, we introduce a new video summarization procedure that produces a dynamic (video) abstract of the original video sequence. Our technique compactly summarizes a video data by preserving its original temporal characteristics (visual activity) and semantically essential information. It relies on an adaptive nonlinear sampling. The local sampling rate is directly proportional to the amount of visual’ activity in localized sub-shot units of the video. The resulting video abstract is highly compact. To get very short, yet semantically meaningful summaries, we propose an event-oriented abstraction scheme, in which two semantic events; emotionaldialogue and violentfeatured action, are characterized and abstracted into the video summary before all other events. If the length of the summary permits, other non key events are then added.
Learning Depth-Three Neural Networks in Polynomial Time

We give a polynomial-time algorithm for learning neural networks with one hidden layer of sigmoids feeding into any smooth, monotone activation function (e.g., sigmoid or ReLU). We make no assumptions on the structure of the network, and the algorithm succeeds with respect to {\em any} distribution on the unit ball in $n$ dimensions (hidden weight vectors also have unit norm). This is the first assumption-free, provably efficient algorithm for learning neural networks with more than one hidden layer. Our algorithm-- {\em Alphatron}-- is a simple, iterative update rule that combines isotonic regression with kernel methods. It outputs a hypothesis that yields efficient oracle access to interpretable features. It also suggests a new approach to Boolean function learning via smooth relaxations of hard thresholds, sidestepping traditional hardness results from computational learning theory. Along these lines, we give improved results for a number of longstanding problems related to Boolean concept learning, unifying a variety of different techniques. For example, we give the first polynomial-time algorithm for learning intersections of halfspaces with a margin (distribution-free) and the first generalization of DNF learning to the setting of probabilistic concepts (queries; uniform distribution). Finally, we give the first provably correct algorithms for common schemes in multiple-instance learning.
Effect of intellectual capital on dynamic capabilities

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of intellectual capital (human, social and organizational capital) on dynamic capabilities (learning, integration, reconfiguration and alliance management). Design/methodology/approach – A methodical review of relevant literature and the theory of resource-based view, knowledge-based view and dynamic capability view serves as a starting-point to develop a framework for linking intellectual capital with dynamic capabilities. A total of 241 managers from the public sector banks in India was selected as sample of study and structural equation modelling was applied to provide strong evidence for the hypothesis. Findings – The study established a strong effect of intellectual capital dimensions on dynamic capabilities in the surveyed banking firms. Human and social capital had the most profound effect on learning, integration, reconfiguration and alliance management capabilities. As regards to organizational capital, an unexpected negative effect on.
Rapid Assay for Microbially Reducible Ferric Iron in Aquatic Sediments

The availability of ferric iron for microbial reduction as directly determined by the activity of iron-reducing organisms was compared with its availability as determined by a newly developed chemical assay for microbially reducible iron. The chemical assay was based on the reduction of poorly crystalline ferric iron by hydroxylamine under acidic conditions. There was a strong correlation between the extent to which hydroxylamine could reduce various synthetic ferric iron forms and the susceptibility of the iron to microbial reduction in an enrichment culture of iron-reducing organisms. When sediments that contained hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron were incubated under anaerobic conditions, ferrous iron accumulated as the concentration of hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron declined over time. Ferrous iron production stopped as soon as the hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron was depleted. In anaerobic incubations of reduced sediments that did not contain hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron, there was no microbial iron reduction, even though the sediments contained high concentrations of oxalate-extractable ferric iron. A correspondence between the presence of hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron and the extent of ferric iron reduction in anaerobic incubations was observed in sediments from an aquifer and in fresh- and brackish-water sediments from the Potomac River estuary. The assay is a significant improvement over previously described procedures for the determination of hydroxylamine-reducible ferric iron because it provides a correction for the high concentrations of solid ferrous iron which may also be extracted from sediments with acid. This is a rapid, simple technique to determine whether ferric iron is available for microbial reduction.
A patient‐oriented risk–benefit analysis of pathogen‐inactivated blood components: application to apheresis platelets in the United States

We performed a risk–benefit analysis for implementation of pathogen‐inactivated (PI) apheresis platelets (APs) in the United States, focusing on the amotosalen/ultraviolet‐A system. Risks and benefits were quantified per patient assuming a mean of 6 AP units per treatment cycle and using available clinical data, mathematical modeling, and observational studies. Current risks associated with AP transfusion can be divided into known partially addressed risks, known well‐addressed risks, and unknown risks associated with acute or chronic emerging infectious agents (EIAs). Bacterial contamination dominates the first category, at a per‐patient rate of 1:250, which correlates with an estimated septic transfusion reaction rate of 1:1000. Quantitation of per‐patient EIA risk was modeled to be between 1:370 (acute) and 1:667 (chronic). Due to its broad range of action PI is expected to reduce or eliminate these infectious risks and also to reduce the rate of febrile transfusion reactions and possibly alloimmunization. These benefits are weighed against 1) concerns for excess bleeding, 2) an apparent increase in acute respiratory distress syndrome in the initial report of the SPRINT clinical trial, and 3) the possible toxicity associated with the introduction of a new chemical into platelet (PLT) units. However, transfusion of an estimated 100,000 patients with PI PLTs worldwide has occurred without reported serious adverse effects. We conclude that evidence indicates a favorable risk–benefit profile for the implementation of PLT PI and argues for a path forward toward US regulatory approval.
Background extraction algorithm base on Partition Weighed Histogram

The common method to detect moving objects in image processing and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is background subtraction. So the background extraction is an important aspect of traffic vision detection and analysis. In order to improve the accuracy and the applicability of background extraction, a new background extraction algorithm is presented, which is called Partition Weighed Histogram (PWH) method. And in order to compare PWH method with other algorithms, an evaluation rule for comparison is built. Finally, different traffic videos are taken to verify the performance of PWH algorithm comparing with other algorithms.
Essays in Applied Microeconometrics

This dissertation applies recent econometric techniques using control functions to outstanding questions in the labor and development literatures. The first chapter estimates the Frisch elasticity of labor supply, which represents the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. Previous estimation has focused on hours equations in which individual effects, representing the marginal utility of wealth, enter additively and can be differenced out. Using PSID data, I relax this assumption for a sample of prime-age men. I estimate a semiparametric labor supply equation, using a control function strategy that allows fixed effects to be both non-additive and correlated with the regressors. The average structural function and average partial effects of wages on hours are identified and estimated. The Frisch elasticity is found to be near zero, suggesting that underlying assumptions about separability are not driving the small elasticities found in previous studies. In the second chapter, I estimate a dynamic fixed-effects hours equation for prime-age men with bias correction. The coeffi cient on the lagged dependent variable is found to be between 0.31 and 0.33. These estimates suggest that it takes 1.5 years for an individual in the sample to adjust hours of work to a change in the wage or other preference variables, an important consideration in policy evaluation. Failure to correct for dynamic panel bias leads to underestimating this effect by more than 15