Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personal construct theory and the emotions: An interpretation in terms of primitive constructs

The Psychology of Personal Constructs (Kelly) is examined and found to suffer from an ‘Origin Problem’. In order to solve the Origin Problem, a new postulate, the ‘Origin Postulate’, is proposed and incorporated into the theory's assumptive structure. The Origin Postulate leads to a consistent account of the initial formation and elaboration of systems of personal constructs. It suggests that as a consequence of our biological evolution we begin life, not with a construct-free ‘tabula rasa’, but already in possession of a set of ‘primitive constructs' or constructional predispositions which serve as the starting-points for the elaboration of our personal constructs. It is then shown how the dimensions of the Semantic Differential, the process of imprinting, and even the Jungian archetypes can be understood in terms of the Origin Postulate and its primitive constructs. Another weakness in Kelly's theory is then pinpointed and, with some aid from the Origin Postulate, it yields to the ‘Emotion Corollary’. A general ‘interpretation’ of emotional phenomena results which incorporates and extends those conceptions originally put forth by Kelly (and later elaborated by McCoy). Emotions are hypothesized to be what occurs when a certain kind of primitive construct is employed in the appraisal of an event. In conclusion, some evidence in support of the proposed interpretation is adduced.
Atypical chronic lymphocytic leukaemia witht(ll;14)(ql3;q32): karyotype evolution and prolymphocytic transformation

Summary. In order to define better the cytological and clinical features of atypical B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B‐CLL) with t(ll;14)(ql3;q32), sequential morphologic immunological and cytogenetic studies were performed in seven patients belonging to a series of 72 consecutive cases presenting with a diagnosis of CLL or atypical CLL according to the FAB criteria.
Unlearning from Demonstration

When doing learning from demonstration, it is often the case that the demonstrator provides corrective examples to fix errant behavior by the agent or robot. We present a set of algorithms which use this corrective data to identify and remove noisy examples in datasets which caused errant classifications, and ultimately errant behavior. The objective is to actually modify the source datasets rather than solely rely on the noise-insensitivity of the classification algorithm. This is particularly useful in the sparse datasets often found in learning from demonstration experiments. Our approach tries to distinguish between noisy misclassification and mere undersampling of the learning space. If errors are a result of misclassification, we potentially remove the responsible points and update the classifier. We demonstrate our method on UCI Machine Learning datasets at different levels of sparsity and noise, using decision trees, K-Nearest-Neighbor, and support vector machines.
Crime in the Social Order of Colonial North India

The necessary vocabulary has not yet been created to encompass both the ‘informing spirit’ and ‘whole social order’ of British India. In part, at least, this is because research has generally concentrated on either British or Indian realms of action, rather than the interaction between them. But British colonial rule shaped a distinctive social system in India, one that drew on both British and indigenous values as well as notions of authority. This essay analyzes aspects of this colonial social order by focusing on its legal system, particularly that portion designed to deal with what the British identified as ‘extraordinary’ crime. Indeed, criminal law may be among the most revealing aspects of a social order. For, as Douglas Hay has observed for a similar elaboration of the English legal structure, ‘criminal law is as much concerned with authority as it is with property … the connections between property, power and authority are close and crucial. ’
Structure-Activity Relationship of Chlorotoxin-Like Peptides

Animal venom (e.g., scorpion) is a rich source of various protein and peptide toxins with diverse physio-/pharmaco-logical activities, which generally exert their action via target-specific modulation of different ion channel functions. Scorpion venoms are among the most widely-known source of peptidyl neurotoxins used for callipering different ion channels, such as; Na+, K+, Ca+, Cl−, etc. A new peptide of the chlorotoxin family (i.e., Bs-Tx7) has been isolated, sequenced and synthesized from scorpion Buthus sindicus (family Buthidae) venom. This peptide demonstrates 66% with chlorotoxin (ClTx) and 82% with CFTR channel inhibitor (GaTx1) sequence identities reported from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus venom. The toxin has a molecular mass of 3821 Da and possesses four intra-chain disulphide bonds. Amino acid sequence analysis of Bs-Tx7 revealed the presence of a scissile peptide bond (i.e., Gly-Ile) for human MMP2, whose activity is increased in the case of tumour malignancy. The effect of hMMP2 on Bs-Tx7, or vice versa, observed using the FRET peptide substrate with methoxycoumarin (Mca)/dinitrophenyl (Dnp) as fluorophore/quencher, designed and synthesized to obtain the lowest Km value for this substrate, showed approximately a 60% increase in the activity of hMMP2 upon incubation of Bs-Tx7 with the enzyme at a micromolar concentration (4 µM), indicating the importance of this toxin in diseases associated with decreased MMP2 activity.
Mobile Robot Localization using Particle Filters and Sonar Sensors

Nowadays, nearly all mobile robotic tasks require some knowledge of the robot location in the environment. For example, those tasks involving the robot to reach a specific target require knowledge about the current robot pose in order to plan a path to the goal. Also, exploration tasks require some estimate of the robot pose in order to decide whether a specific region has been already visited by the robot or not. The problem of computing the robot pose is known as the
Directing Attention Externally Enhances Agility Performance: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Efficacy of Using Verbal Instructions to Focus Attention

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate if focusing attention externally produced faster movement times compared to instructions that focused attention internally or a control set of instructions that did not explicitly focus attention when performing an agility task. A second purpose of the study was to measure participants’ focus of attention during practice by use of a questionnaire. Participants (N = 20) completed 15 trials of an agility “L” run following instructions designed to induce an external (EXT), internal (INT) attentional focus or a control (CON) set of instructions inducing no specific focus of attention. Analysis revealed when participants followed the EXT instructions they had significantly faster movement times compared to when they followed the INT and CON set of instructions; consistent with previous research the INT and CON movement times were not significantly different from each other. Qualitative data showed when participants were in the external condition they focused externally 67% of the time. When they were in the internal condition they focused internally 76% of the time, and when they were in the control condition they did not use an internal or external focus of attention 77% of the time. Qualitative data also revealed participants in the EXT, INT, and CON conditions switched their focus of attention at a frequency of 27, 35, and 51% respectively.
Accurate Pain Detection Is Not Enough: Contextual and Attributional Style as Biasing Factors in Patient Evaluations and Treatment Choice1

Ninety-six adults with a supportive or unsupportive attributional style participated in an experiment that examined the effects of contextual (i.e., coping and medical evidence) information on evaluations of pain severity, the pain sufferer, and treatment choice for shoulder pain patients. Respondents accurately detected a patient’s pain level from the vid­ eotaped facial displays, but patients who were coping with the pain were evaluated more positively than noncoping pain patients. Furthermore, unsupportive attributional style pre­ dicted harsher treatment choices. Thus, accurate detection of pain does not guarantee unbiased reactions toward the pain patient. It is impossible to know exactly how much pain someone else is feeling. Nev­ ertheless, judgments about the experiences of others who are suffering happen routinely. The most obvious examples occur in healthcare settings where physi­ cians, nurses, and other professionals with access to historical, technical, and interpersonal information draw conclusions about the severity of injuries and suf­ fering, treatment choice, and the effectiveness of treatment. Less obvious exam­ ples occur when parents evaluate how to respond to a child who has a stomachache or has sustained a fall, supervisors determine whether employees may be released from obligations, and peers weigh excuses in many other social contexts. It is important to understand the nature of pain observers’ perceptions and the forces that may affect their judgments. From a theoretical perspective, certain
An examination of the relationship between Elementary Education Teacher Candidates' authentic assessments and performance on the Professional Education Subtests on the Florida Teacher Certification Exam (FTCE)

Abstract According to Wilkerson and Lang (2003, p.1) with approximately "90% of schools, colleges, and departments of education using portfolios of one form or another as decision-making tools for standards-based decisions regarding certification or licensure (as well as NCATE accreditation), it is appropriate to explore the legal and psychometric aspects of this assessment device. " This study was conducted to examine how well the authentic assessments created in the Chalk and Wire ePortfolio initiative, which was created to provide authentic assessments of the Accomplished Practices, relate to the measures in the Professional Knowledge subtests on Florida Teacher Certification Examination. The sample was comprised of 294 graduating student teachers from a single department in the College of Education for the 2009/2010 school year at a large southern university. Multiple regression analyses were employed to examine the relationship between authentic assessments (i.e. critical tasks) in Chalk and Wire and performance on the subtests of the Professional Knowledge Test on the Florida Teacher Certification exam while controlling for gender, ethnicity and overall GPA. Only two of the independent variables were statistically significant from the 12 models examined. The scores from the Professional Knowledge subtests on Florida Teacher Certification Examination for Diversity (AP5) and Technology (AP12) were statistically different for gender, with females scoring higher than males on both. The results provided little evidence of concurrent validity between the authentic assessments of the Chalk and Wire ePortfolio initiative and the Professional Knowledge subtests on Florida Teacher Certification Examination.
Comprehensive Teacher Induction: A Vision Toward Transformative Teacher Learning

ABSTRACT Few studies have examined the components of induction programs that assist novice teachers in moving beyond survival concerns and emotional support to learning in and from practice. This manuscript highlights research-based elements of comprehensive induction designed to help novices develop the skills for a more meaningful learning experience. It narrows in on a description of two closely intertwined elements of comprehensive induction in the context of the New Teacher Project in California. First, this article explores three aspects of instructional mentoring that facilitate transformative learning. Second, it describes analysis of student work as one possible embedded professional development activity that mentors can use to structure evidence-based conversations with novices about their students' learning. Finally, the manuscript concludes with a call for policymakers to revisit the components of exemplary induction programs and work toward the goal of consistently providing high-quality mentoring and growth opportunities.
cDNA cloning and expression of a xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) from the yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Siluriformes)

We cloned the full‐length cDNA sequence of xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) gene from the yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Siluriformes, Bagridae). P. fulvidraco is a commercially important fish generally distributed in Southeast Asian countries and Korea. This is the first report of any xenobiotic metabolizing gene from this fish species. Tissue distribution of CYP1A was studied by real‐time PCR. Induction pattern of CYP1A was studied by exposing fish to β‐naphthoflavone (BNF). Liver showed the highest level of expression in control as well as BNF‐treated fish. However, high levels of expression were also recorded in brain, intestine, and kidney and the least in the muscles. Information on CYP genes in fish from order Siluriformes is limited as compared with other fish orders. This study provides an insight into the xenobiotic metabolizing system of P. fulvidraco and offers baseline information for further research related to biomarker use of CYP1A and detoxification strategies of this commercially important fish species. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2008.
X-band radar based SLAM in Singapore's off-shore environment

This paper presents a simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) algorithm implemented on an autonomous sea kayak with a commercial off-the-shelf X-band marine radar mounted. The Autonomous Surface Craft (ASC) was driven in an off-shore test site in Singapore's southern Selat Puah marine environment. Data from the radar, GPS and an inexpensive single-axis gyro data were logged by an on-board processing unit as the ASC traversed the environment, which comprised geographical and surface vessel landmarks. An automated feature extraction routine is presented, based on a probabilistic landmark detector, followed by a clustering and centroid approximation approach. With restrictive feature modeling, and a lack of vehicle control input information, it is demonstrated that via the novel RB-PHD-SLAM Filter, useful results can be obtained, despite an actively rolling and pitching ASC on the sea surface. In addition, the merits of investigating ASC SLAM are demonstrated, particularly with respect to the map estimation, obstacle avoidance and target tracking problems. Despite the presence of GPS and gyro data, heading information on such small ASC's is greatly compromised which induces large sensing error, further accentuate by the large range of the radar sensor. This work is a step towards realising an ASC capable of performing environmental or security surveillance and reporting a real-time active awareness of the above-water scene.
Material Objects in Cosmological Worlds: An Introduction

In the Republic of Georgia, official Georgian Orthodox rituals blend into a series of lay practices that are sometimes ignored, sometimes tolerated, and sometimes incorporated into church rituals, often at the whim of the individual local priest. One such practice is animal sacrifice. Animal sacrifice is never allowed within the church proper, but within a church’s courtyard it is sometimes accepted. To the extent that the priest participates in such lay rituals, it is usually a simple ritual involving blessing the sacrificial ani mal with a candle; the priest will not actually perform the sacrifice. But a priest who does choose to participate in this way may well be motivated by desire for material gain: in return for this religious service of rather dubious orthodoxy, the priest may expect or demand some of the meat, and perhaps some wine, too. Once, apparently, some Georgians brought a sheep to a church for sacrifice, along a rough road in the trunk of their car, where, importantly, they also had a couple of loosely sealed cans of gasoline. In the church’s courtyard, the priest offered to bless the sheep prior to sacrifice in the usual way. The priest began to make the sign of the cross with a lit candle over the sheep which had been soaked with gasoline while traversing the bumpy road. The sheep explodes. The story is popular with Georgians for several reasons, especially because the seemingly opposed categories of high-minded religious ritual and grotesque materiality are brought into conjuncture in a bit of folk anti-clericism.
Bayesian Causal Effects in Quantiles: Accounting for Heteroscedasticity

Testing for Granger non-causality over varying quantile levels could be used to measure and infer dynamic linkages, enabling the identification of quantiles for which causality is relevant, or not. However, dynamic quantiles in financial application settings are clearly affected by heteroscedasticity, as well as the exogenous and endogenous variables under consideration. GARCH-type dynamics are added to the standard quantile regression model, so as to more robustly examine quantile causal relations between dynamic variables. An adaptive Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme, exploiting the link between quantile regression and the skewed-Laplace distribution, is designed for estimation and inference of the quantile causal relations, simultaneously estimating and accounting for heteroscedasticity. Dynamic quantile linkages for the international stock markets in Taiwan and Hong Kong are considered over a range of quantile levels. Specifically, the hypothesis that these stock returns are Granger-caused by the US market and/or the Japanese market is examined. The US market is found to significantly and positively Granger-cause both markets at all quantile levels, while the Japanese market effect was also significant at most quantile levels, but with weaker effects.
How to Build a Spoken Dialog System with Limited ( or no ) Language Resources

This paper evaluates low cost, rapidly deployable speech technologies for new languages as a means to improve equitable, affordable access to information technology (IT). We describe our field work in Tamil Nadu, recording speech from within a multi-modal (speech and touch) dialog system. The performance of a speech recognizer built using cross-language adaptation is evaluated on our field recordings, with implications for an iterative, learning approach for spoken dialog systems in conditions of limited language resources.
Translation of culture-specific items from English into Lithuanian : the case of Joanne Harris’s novels

The article, on the basis of two Joanne Harris’s novels and their translations into Lithuanian, aims to analyse translation strategies for culture-specific items. The paper describes the concept of culture, investigates peculiarities of culture-specific concepts and discusses possible ways for translating them. The theoretical research has revealed many ambiguities in the translation theory: 1) there is no single term to define culture-specific items and many different terms are used interchangeably; 2) there is no single classification system for culture-specific items; 3) terminology to define translation strategies for culture-specific items is not unified and their number and specifics vary from one source to another; 4) the choice of the translation strategy in a particular case is a controversial issue. Davis’s classification of translation strategies is used for the practical part of the research and all the instances are analysed under seven headings: preservation, addition, omission, globalization, localization, transformations and creation. The study results have demonstrated that the strategy of localization has been used most often. The major part of proper names is transcribed taking into account phonemic aspect and applying Lithuanian grammar rules. A few exceptions are made to the names of historical/religious personalities or names which have the adapted established Lithuanian form of the name. Addition as a footnote is very often used to explain the words of non-English origin. Translation strategies of creation and transformations were not found in the novels under analysis. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.sal. 0.21. 2305
Empirical research on financial factors impacted on the risk of inflation in China

In an imperfect market economy, the risk of inflation is one of the most important economic risks. Using state space model and SVAR model, this paper examines the relationship between financial factors and the risk of inflation in China. The results show that the exchange rate, interest rate, money supply and financial assets affected the risk of inflation in China. Among these factors, the exchange rate and money supply are the key factors which have different impacts on CPI, while the interest rate and financial assets are the secondary elements. Furthermore, the sharply increased money supply will inevitably raise the inflationary pressure while the appreciation of RMB can could slack the inflation. Based on the findings, we make some recommendations to the economic policy on the current price control in China.
Human variation : the biopsychology of age, race, and sex

Ghiselli, Molly Harrower, Starke Hathaway, R. Duncan Luce, Lois Barclay Murphy, J. B. and E. Louisa Rhine, Lorrin Riggs, Joseph Royce, Patrick Suppes, Leona Tyler, and Philip Vernon. As compared to the autobiographies of Volumes 1 and 2, the present group seems to me to be more varied. A number of different countries of origin are represented. Also, there are several whose original training was not in psychology, and this fact is usually reflected in their work. Coming to psychology after training in another area does give the advantage of being able to view psychology both from within and from without. Two instances of this struck me particularly. Luce, trained in mathematics and known primarily as a mathematical psychologist, expresses considerable doubts about the value of mathematics in psychology, except in the two areas of sensation and perception, and psychological testing. Suppes, trained in philosophy, and as active in philosophy of science as he is in psychology, notes that in more highly developed sciences there are problems that everyone recognizes are too difficult to be solved, or even attacked, at least as a whole, with current knowledge or methods. He thinks that language learning is just such a problem in psychology, even though it is probably psychology's most important problem.
Annotating Information Structure in a Corpus of Spoken Danish

This paper presents the work done to annotate a corpus of spoken Danish with information structure tags, and describes a preliminary study in which the corpus has been used to investigate the relation between focus and intra-clausal pauses. The study indicates that the pauses that do fall within the focus domain tend to precede property-expressing words by which the object in focus is distinguished from other similar ones.