Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Tagging for Lexicalized-Grammar Parsing

With performance above 97% accuracy for newspaper text, part of speech (POS) tagging might be considered a solved problem. Previous studies have shown that allowing the parser to resolve POS tag ambiguity does not improve performance. However, for grammar formalisms which use more fine-grained grammatical categories, for example TAG and CCG, tagging accuracy is much lower. In fact, for these formalisms, premature ambiguity resolution makes parsing infeasible.We describe a multi-tagging approach which maintains a suitable level of lexical category ambiguity for accurate and efficient CCG parsing. We extend this multi-tagging approach to the POS level to overcome errors introduced by automatically assigned POS tags. Although POS tagging accuracy seems high, maintaining some POS tag ambiguity in the language processing pipeline results in more accurate CCG supertagging.
Hsp60 Regulation of Tumor Cell Apoptosis*

Molecular chaperones may promote cell survival, but how this process is regulated, especially in cancer, is not well understood. Using high throughput proteomics screening, we identified the cell cycle regulator and apoptosis inhibitor survivin as a novel protein associated with the molecular chaperone Hsp60. Acute ablation of Hsp60 by small interfering RNA destabilizes the mitochondrial pool of survivin, induces mitochondrial dysfunction, and activates caspase-dependent apoptosis. This response involves disruption of an Hsp60-p53 complex, which results in p53 stabilization, increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bax, and Bax-dependent apoptosis. In vivo, Hsp60 is abundantly expressed in primary human tumors, as compared with matched normal tissues, and small interfering RNA ablation of Hsp60 in normal cells is well tolerated and does not cause apoptosis. Therefore, Hsp60 orchestrates a broad cell survival program centered on stabilization of mitochondrial survivin and restraining of p53 function, and this process is selectively exploited in cancer. Hsp60 inhibitors may function as attractive anticancer agents by differentially inducing apoptosis in tumor cells.
‘Buffers’ against crime? Exploring the roles and limitations of positive relationships among women in prison

A considerable amount of research focuses on the detrimental influence that relationships pose for women offenders while relatively little attention has been given to the potential positive impact of relationships in their lives. This study investigates how women offenders’ positive relationships work as ‘buffers’ against their criminal involvement, as well as why some positive influences do not elicit long-term change in women. We examine various forms of relationships (both romantic and non-romantic) that female offenders develop and explore the mechanisms by which these relationships might influence their behavior. Life history interviews conducted with 60 incarcerated women revealed that women’s family members, friends, significant others, and children provided support, social capital, motivation, and opportunities which can buffer women from criminal behavior, but that women’s drug use, disadvantage, interest in, pride or shame, and desire to make positive changes limited the effectiveness of these relationships.
Higher Resident Neuroticism Is Specifically Associated With Elevated State Cancer and Heart Disease Mortality Rates in the United States

Relations between state-aggregated responses of 619,397 residents to the neuroticism items of the Big Five Inventory and 2005-2007 age-adjusted state cancer, heart disease, total all-cause, other-disease, and non-disease mortality rates for the 50 states were examined. Partial correlations controlling for four state demographic variables and three risk variables showed neuroticism correlated significantly only with cancer mortality (.34) and heart disease mortality (.31). Hierarchical regression with demographic variables entered first, neuroticism second, and risk variables last showed neuroticism accounted for another significant 7.6% of cancer mortality variance and an additional significant 4.6% of heart disease mortality variance. Significant βs of . 28 and . 30, respectively, showed higher neuroticism was associated with higher cancer and heart disease mortality when all seven demographic and risk variables were controlled. Overall, the results show resident neuroticism is related to state cancer and heart disease mortality rates but not to total all-cause, other-disease, or non-disease mortality rates.
Flow-sensitive semantics for dynamic information flow policies

Dynamic information flow policies, such as declassification, are essential for practically useful information flow control systems. However, most systems proposed to date that handle dynamic information flow policies suffer from a common drawback. They build on semantic models of security which are inherently flow insensitive, which means that many simple intuitively secure programs will be considered insecure. In this paper we address this problem in the context of a particular system, flow locks. We provide a new flow sensitive semantics for flow locks based on a knowledge-style definition (following Askarov and Sabelfeld), in which the knowledge gained by an actor observing a program run is constrained according to the flow locks which are open at the time each observation is made. We demonstrate the applicability of the definition in a soundness proof for a simple flow lock type system. We also show how other systems can be encoded using flow locks, as an easy means to provide these systems with flow sensitive semantics.
Vector Control Based on SVPWM for ACIM

To solve the large torque ripple and current harmonics, low DC bus voltage problems, a new control strategy is proposed for AC induction motor by using space vector pulse width modulation, so that the static and dynamic performance are improved. The system simulation experiment mode was established based on SVPWM to verify the effectiveness of the system control mode. It is showed that it can reduce the current ripple and torque ripple, improve the utilization of DC bus voltage. It means that the control strategy based SVPWM can improve dynamic and static performance effectively for the ACIM servo system.
Computer Assisted Semantic Annotation in the DutchSemCor Project

The goal of this paper is to describe the annotation protocols and the Semantic Annotation Tool (SAT) used in the DutchSemCor project. The DutchSemCor project is aiming at aligning the Cornetto lexical database with the Dutch language corpus SoNaR. 250K corpus occurrences of the 3,000 most frequent and most ambiguous Dutch nouns, adjectives and verbs are being annotated manually using the SAT. This data is then used for bootstrapping 750K extra occurrences which in turn will be checked manually. Our main focus in this paper is the methodology applied in the project to attain the envisaged Inter-annotator Agreement (IA) of =80%. We will also discuss one of the main objectives of DutchSemCor i.e. to provide semantically annotated language data with high scores for quantity, quality and diversity. Sample data with high scores for these three features can yield better results for co-training WSD systems. Finally, we will take a brief look at our annotation tool.
Where the Right Gets in: On Rawls’s Criticism of Habermas’s Conception of Legitimacy

Abstract Many commentators have failed to identify the important issues at the heart of the debate between Habermas and Rawls. This is partly because they give undue attention to differences between Rawls’s original position and Habermas’s principle (U), neither of which is germane to the actual dispute. The dispute is at bottom about how best to conceive of democratic legitimacy. Rawls indicates where the dividing issues lie when he objects that Habermas’s account of democratic legitimacy is comprehensive and his is confined to the political. But his argument is vitiated by a threefold ambiguity in what he means by ‘comprehensive doctrine’. Tidying up this ambiguity helps reveal that the dispute turns on the way in which morality relates to political legitimacy. Although Habermas calls his conception of legitimate law ‘morally freestanding’, and as such distinguishes it from Kantian and natural law accounts of legitimacy, it is not as freestanding from morality as he likes to present it. Habermas’s mature theory contains conflicting claims about the relation between morality and democratic legitimacy. So there is at least one important sense in which Rawls’s charge of comprehensiveness is made to stick against Habermas’s conception of democratic legitimacy, and remains unanswered.
A New Hedge Fund Replication Method With The Dynamic Optimal Portfolio

This paper provides a new hedge fund replication method, which extends Kat and Palaro (2005) and Papageorgiou, Remillard and Hocquard (2008) to multiple trading assets with both long and short positions. The method generates a target payoff distribution by the cheapest dynamic portfolio. It is regarded as an extension of Dybvig (1988) to continuous-time framework and dynamic portfolio optimization where the dynamic trading strategy is derived analytically by applying Malliavin calculus. It is shown that the cost minimization is equivalent to maximization of a certain class of von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions. The method is applied to the replication of a CTA/Managed Futures Index in practice.
Role of phonotactic frequency in nonword repetition by children with specific language impairments.

BACKGROUND Children with specific language impairments (SLI) repeat nonwords less accurately than typically developing children, suggesting a phonological deficit. Much work has attempted to explain these results in terms of a phonological memory deficit. However, subsequent work revealed that these results might be explained better as a deficit in phonological sensitivity. AIMS This study used a nonword repetition task to examine how children with SLI extract phonological regularities from their language input. METHODS & PROCEDURES Eighteen English-speaking children with SLI (7;3-10;6) and 18 age-matched controls participated in two English nonword repetition tasks. Three- and four-syllable nonwords varied in a single phonotactic frequency manipulation, either consonant frequency or phoneme co-occurrence frequency, while all other factors were held constant. Repetitions were scored in terms of accuracy as either the percentage of phonemes correctly produced or phoneme co-occurrences (diphones) correctly produced. In addition, onset-to-onset reaction times and repetition durations were measured. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Accuracy results revealed significant group, length, and phonotactic frequency effects. Children with SLI repeated nonwords less accurately than age-matched peers, and all children repeated three-syllable nonwords and those with higher frequency phonotactic patterns more accurately. However, phonotactic frequency by group interactions were not significant. Timing results were mixed, with group reaction time differences for co-occurrence frequency, but not consonant frequency, and no group repetition duration differences. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS While children with SLI were less accurate overall, non-significant interactions indicate that both groups of children were comparably affected by differences in consonant and diphone frequency.
Cannabinoid receptor ligands: clinical and neuropharmacological considerations, relevant to future drug discovery and development

This review highlights some important advances that have taken place in cannabinoid research over the last four years. It focuses on novel ligands that are of interest either as experimental tools or as lead compounds for therapeutic agents and possible clinical applications for some of these ligands. The molecular targets for these compounds are various components of the system of endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) and receptors that together constitute the 'endocannabinoid system'. These are CB1 cannabinoid receptors that are present mainly on central and peripheral neurones, CB2 cannabinoid receptors that are expressed predominantly by immune cells, the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the tissue uptake or metabolism of endocannabinoids and vanilloid receptors. Other cannabinoid receptor types may also exist. Recently developed ligands include potent and selective agonists for CB1 and CB2 receptors, a potent CB2-selective antagonist/inverse agonist and inhibitors of endocannabinoid uptake or metabolism. Future research should be directed at characterising the endocannabinoid system more completely and at obtaining more conclusive clinical data about the possible beneficial effects of cannabinoids as well as their adverse effects. There is also a need for improved cannabinoid formulations/modes of administration in the clinic and advances in this area should be facilitated by the recent development of a potent water-soluble CB1/CB2 receptor agonist. A growing number of strategies for separating sought-after therapeutic effects of cannabinoid receptor agonists from the unwanted consequences of CB1 receptor activation are now emerging and these are discussed at the end of this review.
Involving End Users to Mitigate Risk in IS Development Projects

In this paper the authors aim to gain insight into the relationship between user participation modes and project risk factors, and then they constructed a model that can be used to determine how user participation can be successfully applied in ISD projects with a given set of risk factors. The authors performed an in-depth literature review, which aims to clarify the concept of user participation as part of risk management. They then report on the results of a case study in Cap Gemini where we conduct an exploratory research of the application of user participation in practice. For this exploratory research, a quantitative and qualitative research method was designed in the form of a survey and interviews. Through the results from their case study, the authors gained insight into the relationship between user participation and IS project risk and also determine how user participation can be used to mitigate such risk.
Efficient Detection of Occlusion prior to Robust Face Recognition

While there has been an enormous amount of research on face recognition under pose/illumination/expression changes and image degradations, problems caused by occlusions attracted relatively less attention. Facial occlusions, due, for example, to sunglasses, hat/cap, scarf, and beard, can significantly deteriorate performances of face recognition systems in uncontrolled environments such as video surveillance. The goal of this paper is to explore face recognition in the presence of partial occlusions, with emphasis on real-world scenarios (e.g., sunglasses and scarf). In this paper, we propose an efficient approach which consists of first analysing the presence of potential occlusion on a face and then conducting face recognition on the nonoccluded facial regions based on selective local Gabor binary patterns. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art works including KLD-LGBPHS, S-LNMF, OA-LBP, and RSC. Furthermore, performances of the proposed approach are evaluated under illumination and extreme facial expression changes provide also significant results.
2 . 0 Case-based Analogical Reasoning in the Civil Law ?

1.0 Introduction Researchers in Artificial Intelligence and Law (AI & Law) have developed a number of computational models of case-based legal reasoning. For example, see Hypo (Ashley, 1987; 1990), CABARET (Rissland & Skalak, 1991), GREBE (Branting, 1991; 1999), CATO (Aleven, 1997; 2003), BankXX (Rissland, Skalak, et al. 1996), and Split-Up (Zeleznikow, Stranieri, et al., 1995-1996). The models have originated in common law jurisdictions, often by lawyers/computer scientists influenced by common law legal practice and traditions. More recently, some of the case-based models have been developed by researchers in countries with more or less civil law traditions (Prakken & Sartor, 1997; Bench-Capon & Sartor, 2001). The latter developments beg the question of whether AI & Law models of case-based legal reasoning are relevant in civil law jurisdictions. This paper addresses that and some related questions: To what extent is reasoning with precedents, so central in common law legal practice, practiced in civil law jurisdictions? Do civil law judges and practitioners reason with cases? If so, are there significant differences between the ways they reason with cases and those of their common law counterparts? What is the relevance in a civil law context of computational models of case-based and analogical legal reasoning developed in the common law tradition? Can/should they be incorporated into legal practice in civil law jurisdictions and how?
Apolipoprotein E Genotypes in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

PurposePseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, an age-related, systemic, elastic microfibrillopathy, is characterized by fibrillar-granular deposits in the anterior segment of the eye. Although not representing a true amyloidosis, PEX syndrome shares some features with amyloid disorders, such as Alzheimer disease. It has been shown that amyloid-associated proteins also occur in association with PEX fibrils. Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) is directly involved in these amyloid deposition and fibrils formation. The &egr;4 allele of APOE gene was shown to be associated both with an increased risk for coronary heart disease and late-onset Alzheimer disease. In this study, we therefore investigated whether APOE alleles are associated with PEX syndrome and/or PEX glaucoma (PEXG) in 2 large cohorts of German and Italian origin. MethodsThe 3 common APOE alleles &egr;2, &egr;3, and &egr;4 were genotyped in 661 unrelated patients (459 PEXG and 202 PEX patients) and 342 healthy individuals of German origin and furthermore in 209 unrelated patients (133 PEXG and 76 PEX patients) and 190 healthy individuals of Italian origin using TaqMan assays for allelic discrimination. A genetic association study was then performed. ResultsThe &egr;3 allele was found to be the most common in both populations (80% to 83%), whereas the &egr;2 allele was the rarest (6% to 9%). No significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies between both groups were observed in either population. ConclusionOur data show that APOE genotypes are not associated with PEX and PEXG in either Germans or Italians.
Impact of dependent left truncation in semiparametric competing risks methods: A simulation study

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the robustness of the methods that account for independent left truncation when applied to competing risks settings with dependent left truncation. We specifically focused on the methods for the proportional cause-specific hazards model and the Fine–Gray model. Simulation experiments showed that these methods are not in general robust against dependent left truncation. The magnitude of the bias was analogous to the strength of the association between left truncation and failure times, the effect of the covariate on the competing cause of failure, and the baseline hazard of left truncation time.
Effects of serotonin depletion on local interneurons in the developing olfactory pathway of lobsters.

During embryonic life, the growth of the olfactory and accessory lobes of the lobster brain is retarded by serotonin depletion using 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) (Benton et al., 1997). The local and projection interneurons that synapse with chemosensory cells in the olfactory lobes are potential targets of this depletion. This study documents proliferation and survival in the local interneuron cell clusters, and examines the differentiation of a prominent local interneuron, the serotonergic dorsal giant neuron (DGN), following serotonin depletion. An increase in dye coupling between the DGN and nearby cells is seen after serotonin depletion. However, morphometric analyses of individual DGNs in normal, sham-injected, and 5,7-DHT-treated embryos show that the general morphology and size of the DGNs are not significantly altered by serotonin depletion. Thus, the DGN axonal arbor occupies a greater proportion of the reduced olfactory lobes in the 5,7-DHT-treated embryos than in normal and sham-injected groups. The paired olfactory globular tract neutrophils (OGTNs), where olfactory interneurons synapse onto the DGNs, are 75% smaller in volume than the comparable region in either sham-injected or normal embryos. In vivo experiments using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) show that proliferation in the local interneuron soma clusters is reduced by 5,7-DHT treatment and that survival of newly proliferated local interneurons is also compromised. Our data suggest that alterations in the growth of the DGNs do not contribute to the dramatic reduction in size of the olfactory neutrophils following serotonin depletion, but that cell proliferation and survival among the local interneurons are regulated by serotonin during development. Reduced numbers of local interneurons are therefore one likely reason for the growth reduction observed after serotonin depletion.
Profiling Gene Expression Using Onto-Express

Gene expression profiles obtained through microarray or data mining analyses often exist as vast data strings. To interpret the biology of these genetic profiles, investigators must analyze this data in the context of other information such as the biological, biochemical, or molecular function of the translated proteins. This is particularly challenging for a human analyst because large quantities of less than relevant data often bury such information. To address this need we implemented an automated routine, called Onto-Express (http://vortex.cs.wayne.edu:8080), to systematically translate genetic fingerprints into functional profiles. Using strings of accession or cluster identification numbers, Onto-Express searches the public databases and returns tables that correlate expression profiles with the cytogenetic locations, biochemical and molecular functions, biological processes, cellular components, and cellular roles of the translated proteins. The profiles created by Onto-Express fundamentally increase the value of gene expression analyses by facilitating the translation of quantitative value sets to records that contain biological implications.
A Monopolar Quad-Band Antenna Based on a Hilbert Self-Affine Prefractal Geometry

In this letter, the design of a quad-band antenna is presented. The antenna has a planar geometry printed on a dielectric substrate orthogonal to a reference ground plane and its geometrical parameters are optimized starting from a Hilbert-like prefractal reference shape. The reliability of the synthesized antenna is assessed by means of a set of experimental tests to verify its compliance with the project constraints.