Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Entropy-based knowledge spreading and application to mobility prediction

The low quality of service provided by wireless networks does not facilitate the setup of long-awaited services, such as video conversations. In a cellular network, handoffs are an important cause of packet losses and delay jitter. These problems can be mitigated if proactive measures are taken. This requires each cell to guess the next handoff of each mobile terminal, a problem known as mobility prediction. This prediction can occur thanks to some clues (such as signal strength measurements) giving information about the terminals motion. For example, a clue that locates on which road a mobile is moving is likely to be interesting for all the prediction-enabled cells along that road ---and should therefore be sent to them. This paper proposes a new method aimed at selecting the most relevant clues and finding where to propagate those clues so as to optimize mobility predictions. The pertinence of a clue is measured using information theory and by means of decision trees. This pertinence estimation is exchanged between the cells and allows to build a"relevance map" that helps determine where clues should be sent. It is adapted to the characteristics of wireless terminals such as low bandwidth and processing power.
Regulation of callose synthases and β1 , 3-glucanases during aphid infestation on barley cv

Plant material and aphid species 8 RNA extraction and measurements of RNA concentration with Nano-Drop 9 RT-PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis 10 Real-Time PCR 11 Bioinformatics: searching for sequences, sequence alignment 13 Results 15 Expression of callose synthase 15 Callose synthase expression analysis with RT-PCR 17 Callose synthase expression analysis with Real-Time PCR 20 Expression of β-1,3-glucanase 23 β-1,3-glucanase expression analysis with RT-PCR 25 β-1,3-glucanase expression analysis with Real-Time PCR 26 Summary of the results 30 Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV) detection 31
Principles and Practices of Software Development

In this paper, we aim to provide a new perspective on the methods of software development. We find most software development methodologies to be overly prescriptive; they focus primarily on what methods to use without adequate consideration of what problems are being addressed and without a comparison of different methods that apply to the same problem. We maintain that software developers can be most effective if they are provided both with a variety of methods from which to choose and with the understanding necessary to select the methods that are best suited to their project. To that end, we introduce a framework for describing the principles of software development, a vocabulary for characterizing and understanding the constraints under which software is being written. We present some principles of software development, relating them to specific problems that occur in software projects and to practices that are used to address those problems. We observe that the practices of different methodologies can be understood in terms of how they weigh the relative importance of the underlying principles. We illustrate how identifying such principles can help in selecting the most appropriate practices. We note that some of the most significant differences among methodologies arise when principles provide conflicting viewpoints. We then discuss how iterative or incremental software development practices can be used to minimize the risks that result from conflicting principles. DRAFT of August 26, 2002 2
Capacity scaling in noncoherent wideband massive SIMO systems

This paper studies noncoherent wideband systems with a single antenna transmitter and a multiple antenna receiver with many elements, under signaling with peak-to-average power ratio constraints. The analysis considers the scaling behavior of capacity and achievable rates by letting both the number of antennas and the bandwidth go to infinity jointly. In contrast to prior work on wideband single input single output (SISO) channels without a-priori channel state information, it is shown that a sufficiently large number of receive antennas can make up for the vanishingly small SNR at each antenna. In particular, it is shown that when bandwidth grows sufficiently slowly with the number of antennas, the capacity scaling with an increasing number of receive antennas is the same as the optimal coherent capacity scaling. If the bandwidth grows faster than a certain threshold, however, the additional bandwidth does not help because a finite transmit power is spread over an excessively large bandwidth.
Emotion Detection Model based on Sequential Neural Networks in Smar t Exhibition Environment

In the various kinds of intelligent services, many studies for detecting emotion are in progress. Particularly, studies on emotion recognition at the particular time have been conducted in order to provide personalized experiences to the audience in the field of exhibition though facial expressions change as time passes. So, the aim of this paper is to build a model to predict the audience’s emotion from the changes of facial expressions while watching an exhibit. The proposed model is based on both sequential neural network and the Valence-Arousal model. To validate the usefulness of the proposed model, we performed an experiment to compare the proposed model with the standard neural-network–based model to compare their performance. The results confirmed that the proposed model considering time sequence had better prediction accuracy.
Application of anti-jam antenna based on space-time signal processing

The technology of space-time signal processing can analyze the property of input signal in special and time-domain. Space-time configuration can greatly promote the freedom of the array antenna in order to raise the number of anti-jam without increasing the number of element of antenna. Especially, it improves capability of satellite receiver for suppressing broadband interferences. Paper puts forward a space-time least-mean-squares (STLMS) algorithm based on space-time signal processing. The algorithm can adaptively estimate the weighting vector of elements of antenna with a low computational complexity. The result of simulation demonstrates the STLMS algorithm can well reject the interferences and protect satellite signal.
Correction: Routine HIV Testing in Botswana: A Population-Based Study on Attitudes, Practices, and Human Rights Concerns

In PLoS Medicine, volume 3, issue 8: DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed. 0030272 Under the section heading “Expected Death Toll during a Present-Day Mass Vaccination Campaign,” the numbers of expected deaths that were computed for a mass vaccination campaign were displayed as per million; they should be absolute numbers. The corrected text should be: “Under those assumptions, in the Netherlands mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 9.8 deaths (95% CI [0, 30]), mass vaccination with Lister to 55.1 deaths (95% CI [7, 182]), and mass vaccination with Bern would lead to 303.5 deaths (95% CI [19, 1093]). In Germany mass vaccination with NYCBH would lead to 46.2 deaths (95% CI [6, 142]), mass vaccination with Lister would lead to 268.5 deaths (95% CI [39, 875]), and mass vaccination with Bern would lead to 1,381 deaths (95% CI [94, 4909]). ”
Comparative Impact of Multiple Biomarkers and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in the Context of Conventional Risk Factors for the Prediction of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study

Background— Individual markers of inflammation may add incremental predictive value in the context of conventionally available risk factors. We evaluated the ability of 9 inflammatory biomarkers, microalbuminuria, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) to improve cardiovascular risk prediction beyond that obtained from traditional risk factors in a secondary-prevention population. Methods and Results— We measured biomarkers representing the acute-phase reaction (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and interleukin-6), proinflammatory pathways (soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 and -2, soluble interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and interleukin-18), endothelial activation (soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1), Nt-proBNP, and microalbuminuria in 3199 study individuals of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study and assessed their association with risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death (primary outcome, n=501) over 4.5 years of follow-up. In a backward Cox regression procedure that included risk factors and biomarkers, Nt-proBNP (hazard ratio [HR] 1.72 per increment SD, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.12; P<0.0001), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.80; P=0.0003), microalbuminuria (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.98; P=0.0004), soluble interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.61; P=0.02), and fibrinogen (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.62; P=0.02) remained significantly related to the primary outcome. Only inclusion of Nt-proBNP provided incremental information above that obtained by models of traditional risk factors. Conclusions— Although levels of various inflammatory biomarkers are significantly related to future cardiovascular risk, their incremental predictive value is modest. A model consisting of simple traditional risk factors and Nt-proBNP provided the best clinical prediction in the secondary-prevention population.
Attitudes Toward Dating Violence: How Does Sexual Identity Influence Perceptions Among College Students?

ABSTRACT In the current study, we explore how sexual identity affects attitudes toward dating violence by utilizing a survey of 1,645 college students. We examine attitudes toward justification for relationship violence and perceptions of unhealthy relationships. It is important to explore how sexual identity influences perceptions of intimate partner violence because recent research suggests that rates of IPV among LGBT individuals are equal to or higher than IPV rates among heterosexuals (Walters, Chen, & Breiding, 2013). Additionally, non-heterosexual individuals often face different difficulties than their heterosexual counterparts when they attempt to report IPV and seek help. Considering prior research has often failed to examine how these differences influence attitudes toward relationship violence, the current study attempts to fill this void in the literature. Findings from the current study indicate that gender, more than sexuality, appears to be influencing attitudes towards IPV. Implications for future research are discussed.
Proceedings of the Workshop on Prior Knowledge for Text and Language Processing

Making complex decisions in real world problems often involves assigning values to sets of interdependent variables where an expressive dependency structure among these can influence, or even dictate, what assignments are possible. Commonly used models typically ignore expressive dependencies since the traditional way of incorporating non-local dependencies is inefficient and hence lead to expensive training and inference. This paper presents Constrained Conditional Models (CCMs), a framework that augments probabilistic models with declarative constraints as a way to support decisions in an expressive output space while maintaining modularity and tractability of training. We develop, analyze and compare novel algorithms for training and inference with CCMs. Our main experimental study exhibits the advantage our framework provides when declarative constraints are used in the context of supervised and semi-supervised training of a probabilistic model.
Understanding interaction design practices

There is an undesirable gap between HCI research aimed at influencing interaction design practice and the practitioners in question. To close this gap, we advocate a theoretical and methodological focus on the day-to-day, lived experience of designers. To date, this type of theory-generative, experientially oriented research has focused on the users of technologies, not the designers. In contrast, we propose that HCI researchers turn their attention to producing theories of interaction design practice that resonate with practitioners themselves. In part one of this paper, we describe the mismatch between HCI research and interaction design practices. Then we present vignettes from an observational study of commercial design practice to illustrate the issues at hand. In part two, we discuss methodological and theoretical changes in research practice that might support the goal of integrating HCI research with interaction design practices. We then discuss current research methods and theories to identify changes that might enlarge our view on practice. In part three, we elaborate on our theoretically minded agenda and a kind of ideal-type theory.
The Medical Journal of Australia

The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025-729X 1 June 2009 190 11 S137S140 ©The Medical Journal of Australia 2009 www.mja. com.au Supplement progress. It can assist in timely completion of patient care activities and improve communication and teamwork, both within and across disciplines. It allows the sharing of infor ation without the need for faceto-face meetings. However, it can also be used in a manipulative way, controlling inter taken Main of wh Resu and u ABSTRACT
High-Resolution Genomic Profiling of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Human Stem Cells Using the 135 K StemArray

Culturing stem cells for an extended period of time can lead to acquired chromosomal aberrations. Determining the copy number variant (CNV) profile of stem cell lines is critical since CNVs can have dramatic effects on gene expression and tumorigenic potential. Here, we describe an improved version of our StemArray, a stem-cell-focused comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) microarray, which contains 135,000 probes and covers over 270 stem cell and cancer related genes at the exon level. We have dramatically increased the median probe spacing throughout the genome in order to obtain a higher resolution genetic profile of the cell lines. To illustrate the importance of using the StemArray, we describe a karyotypically normal iPSC line in which we detected acquired chromosomal variations that could affect the cellular phenotype of the cells. Identifying adaptive chromosomal aberrations in stem cell lines is essential if they are to be used in regenerative medicine.
High-level template for the task-based parallel wavefront pattern

Given the arrival of multicore processors, it has become a matter of urgency to introduce parallel programming into mainstream computing. In emerging applications, a class of computational problem that poses a challenge to the programmers is the wavefront pattern. A particular characteristic of this pattern is multi-dimensional streaming of the computations that must follow a dependence pattern. The modern software stack for multicore systems offers task-based programming libraries like TBB (Threading Building Blocks), that allow an execution model based on lightweight asynchronous tasks. We suggest that TBB provides useful features to improve the scalability of these kinds of codes but at the cost of leaving some low-level task management details to the programmer. In this paper, we discuss such low-level task management issues and incorporate them into a high-level TBB-based template. The goal of the template is to improve the programmer's productivity such that a nonexpert user can easily code complex wavefront problems without having to deal with task creation, synchronization or scheduling mechanisms. With our template, the user only has to specify a definition file with the wavefront dependence pattern and the function that each task has to execute. In addition, we describe our experience with the TBB template when coding four complex real wavefront problems. In these experiments, we found that the template implementations reduced the programming effort from 25% to 50% at a cost of increasing the overhead up to 5% when compared to manual implementations of the same problem.
Lamarckian evolution of the giant Mimivirus in allopatric laboratory culture on amoebae

Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus has been subcultured 150 times on germ-free amoebae. This allopatric niche is very different from that found in the natural environment, where the virus is in competition with many other organisms. In this experiment, substantial gene variability and loss occurred concurrently with the emergence of phenotypically different viruses. We sought to quantify the respective roles of Lamarckian and Darwinian evolution during this experiment. We postulated that the Mimivirus genes that were down-regulated at the beginning of the allopatric laboratory culture and inactivated after 150 passages experienced Lamarckian evolution because phenotypic modifications preceded genotypic modifications, whereas we considered that genes that were highly transcribed in the new niche but were later inactivated obeyed Darwinian rules. We used the total transcript abundances and sequences described for the genes of Mimivirus at the beginning of its laboratory life and after 150 passages in allopatric culture on Acanthamoeba spp. We found a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of gene expression at the beginning of the culture and gene inactivation during the 150 passages. In particular, the mean transcript abundance at baseline was significantly lower for inactivated genes than for unchanged genes (165 ± 589 vs. 470 ± 1,625; p < 1e–3), and the mean transcript levels during the replication cycle of Mimivirus M1 were up to 8.5-fold lower for inactivated genes than for unchanged genes. In addition, proteins tended to be less frequently identified from purified virions in their early life in allopatric laboratory culture if they were encoded by variable genes than if they were encoded by conserved genes (9 vs. 15%; p = 0.062). Finally, Lamarckian evolution represented the evolutionary process encountered by 63% of the inactivated genes. Such observations may be explained by the lower level of DNA repair of useless genes.
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression in Neurofibromatosis Type 2–Associated Vestibular Schwannoma

Hypothesis: The genesis, morphology, and growth characteristics of vestibular schwannomas are determined by genetic alterations which vary gene transcript expression and this transcript expression can be qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated using the SAGE technique. By use of such technique, gene products with tumorigenic potential may be identified, providing insight and targets for future study. Background: Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful new technique that allows detailed qualitative and quantitative evaluation of cellular gene transcript expression. Tissue in limited quantity (5 × 104 to 2 × 106 cells) may be analyzed by a modified version of SAGE called microSAGE. Application of SAGE or microSAGE to study vestibular schwannoma gene expression has not been previously reported. Methods: Fresh, vestibular schwannoma specimen from an individual with the diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 2 was attained intraoperatively and maintained in a sealed container at −80°C until the time of analysis. The tissue was processed according to the microSAGE protocol, using 180 mg of vestibular schwannoma as starting material. Results: The protocol resulted in the generation and sequencing of a tag library involving 458 tags representing 277 different gene products, including many transcripts known to be expressed in vestibular schwannomas. Several gene products with tumorigenic potential were identified. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that microSAGE is a useful technique to study vestibular schwannoma gene expression. Future studies will include building more comprehensive libraries and comparing libraries from various vestibular schwannoma phenotypes to identify useful diagnostic or prognostic markers, and targets for therapeutic intervention.
A Collision-Free MAC Protocol for Sensor Networks using Bitwise 'OR'

Many widely used Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for sensor networks are based on contention, where concurrent access to the communication channel by multiple sensor nodes leads to so-called collisions. Collisions are a source of many undesirable properties of these MAC protocols such as reduced effective bandwidth, increased energy consumption and indeterministic data delivery. Hence, collisions are commonly considered a “bad thing”, and MAC protocols strive to avoid them wherever possible. In sensor networks, communication activity is typically triggered by an event in the physical world. In dense networks, such an event triggers communication activity at many collocated nodes almost concurrently, such that a high probability of collisions must be expected. In this paper, we adopt another, more positive view on collisions. In particular, we show that a set of synchronized nodes can concurrently transmit data, such that a receiver within communication range of these nodes receives the bitwise “or” of these transmissions. Based on this communication model, we can provide efficient parallel implementations of a number of basic operations that form the foundation for BitMAC: a deterministic, collision-free, and robust MAC protocol that is tailored to dense sensor networks, where nodes report sensory data over multiple hops to a sink.
An image processing and belief network approach to face detection

This paper describes an approach to face detection, which is the first stage of any fully automated human face recognition system. We propose several enhancements to a feature-based approach described by K.C. Yow and R. Cipolla (1997) in an attempt to obtain more accurate results: namely, the attentive feature selection and grouping phases are modified in order to deal with incomplete feature detection while, at the same time, reducing the number of candidates and candidate groups considered.
Using web search engines to improve text recognition

In this paper we introduce a framework for automated text recognition from images. We first describe a simple but efficient text detection and recognition method based on analysis of maximally stable extremal regions (MSERs) and simple template matching which allows to provide initial character recognition results. The main emphasis of the paper is on introducing a novel method for exploiting contextual information to improve the obtained recognition results. We propose to analyze the results of Web search engine queries on two levels of detail, which both allow to significantly improve the overall text recognition performance. The experimental evaluations on reference data sets prove that even based on a low quality single character recognition method the proposed Web search engine extension enables reasonable text recognition results.
HIGH IMPEDANCE VOLTAGE-MODE MULTIFUNCTION FILTERS IMPLEMENTED BY FTFNs AND OP-AMP

This paper presents a voltage-mode multifunction filter based on and employing two four-terminal floating nullors (FTFNs) and a single operational amplifier (OP-AMP). The high-input impedance voltage-mode configuration can simultaneously realize lowpass (LP), highpass (HP) and bandpass (BP) filtering functions from the same configuration. The circuit employs two grounded capacitors which suits contemporary IC design techniques. High output impedances of the proposed multifunction filter enable the circuits to be cascaded without requiring any impedance matching device. Passive sensitivity figures are low. The theoretical results are confirmed by PSPICE simulations.