Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tgfbr2 inactivation facilitates cellular plasticity and development of Pten-null prostate cancer

Mutations in tumors can create a state of increased cellular plasticity that promotes resistance to treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies for identifying key factors that regulate cellular plasticity in order to combat resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Here we report that prostate epithelial cell reprogramming could be exploited to identify key factors required for promoting prostate cancer tumorigenesis and cellular plasticity. Deletion of phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) and transforming growth factor-beta receptor type 2 (Tgfbr2) may increase prostate epithelial cell reprogramming efficiency in vitro and cause rapid tumor development and early mortality in vivo. Tgfbr2 ablation abolished TGF-β signaling but increased the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway through the negative regulator Tmeff1. Furthermore, increased BMP signaling promotes expression of the tumor marker genes ID1, Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2; ID1/STAT3/NANOG expression was inversely correlated with patient survival. Thus, our findings provide information about the molecular mechanisms by which BMP signaling pathways render stemness capacity to prostate tumor cells.
Motor-Free Composites From the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) for People With Disabilities

Purpose/Objective: The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) includes a group of brief measures (i.e., 30 min) designed to assess language, processing speed, working memory, episodic memory, and executive functioning. These subtests can be combined to create composite scores that reflect fluid and crystallized cognition, as well as overall cognition. The battery is of limited utility with individuals who have impaired upper extremity motor functioning. This manuscript examines the accuracy of the Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test as a substitute for the Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test for computing motor-free composite scores. Research Method/Design: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI; n = 188), traumatic brain injury (TBI; n = 159), or stroke (n = 180) completed the NIHTB-CB. We used the Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test to create a Motor-Free Pattern Comparison score; this was used to create revised, Motor-Free Composite scores for Fluid Cognition and Overall Cognition. Results: Although there were statistically significant overall differences between the two Fluid and Overall Cognition composite scores for some of the clinical groups (scores based on the motor-free approach were significantly higher than the original score), these differences were small and partly because of overclassification of impaired processing speed in participants with motor impairment. There was good to substantial agreement with regard to “impairment” classification between the two sets of Original and Motor-Free composite scores. Conclusions/Implications: Although the Motor-Free scores are not a perfect match for the Original Composite scores, they provide a reliable and valid way to examine overall and fluid cognition in individuals with upper extremity motor impairments.
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in Belgian draft horses.

The mutation responsible for Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa (JEB) in Belgian draft horses in North America and other draft breeds in Europe has been identified. The mutation, a cytosine insertion (1368 insC) in the LAMC2 gene, results in absent expression of the laminin γ2 polypeptide chain of laminin 5. JEB is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test has been developed to identify carriers of the mutation using mane and tail hairs. Since October 2002, this test has been available to breeders of Belgian horses in the United States and Canada through their breed associations.
IN VITRO HISTAMINE RELEASE FROM LEUKOCYTES IN PENICILLIN ALLERGIES

The definite diagnosis of Type I allergy against penicillin is very important. The in vivo tests used for this purpose may have some disadvantages for the patient. Among the in vitro tests used for the evidence and differential diagnosis of Type I allergy against penicillin, the determination of histamine release from leukocytes and the detection of IgE by the RAST test are the most promising. We have used the test of histamine release from leukocyte in this study of 18 cases, nine of whom had Type I hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin and comprised the study group, the rest were control cases. The per cent of histamine release in the control group was "zero" while in the study group it ranged from 3.9 to 51.7 per cent. The results indicate that the method used in this study is a sensitive and reliable method for the diagnosis of Type I penicillin allergies.
Imbalanced data classification for defective product prediction based on industrial wireless sensor network

In the Industry 4.0 era, manufacturers can establish smart factories based on the industry wireless sensor network (IWSN). And data analysis plays a vital role to realize smart manufacturing. However, data collected in the real production through IWSN generally represent features as incomplete and imbalanced resulting in incorrect or biased analysis results. Therefore, a solution is proposed to resolve this problem, in which K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm is applied to do missing value imputation and Adaptive Synthetic Sampling algorithm is utilized to generate a balanced dataset. Furthermore, a 2-layer feedforward neural network (FNN) is designed as a classifier to predict defective products. The classification performance in testing using the resolution proposed is far superior to that of 2-layer FNN using the original dataset directly or employing the KNN algorithm for preprocessing first whose recall value is 94%, the precision value is 87.9%, and the F1-measure value is 90.8%. To sum up, the solution proposed can improve the classification performance dramatically, especially for the minority class, when encountering the incomplete and imbalanced data.
Forest-Floor Disturbance Reduces Chipmunk (Tamias spp.) Abundance Two Years after Variable-Retention Harvest of Pacific Northwestern Forests

Abstract We evaluated the two-year effects of variable-retention harvest on chipmunk (Tamias spp.) abundance () and habitat in mature coniferous forests in western Oregon and Washington because wildlife responses to density/pattern of retained trees remain largely unknown. In a randomized complete-block design, six treatments were applied to 13-ha units at three sites (blocks): four retention levels of original basal area (BA) in an aggregated tree pattern (100, 75, 40, and 15%) and two retention levels in a dispersed tree pattern (15 and 40%). Log-yarding method differed at each site (suspension cable, shovel-loader, or helicopter). We used an information-theoretic approach to compare six candidate regression models for their ability to predict treatment responses of chipmunk and associated habitat variables. Chipmunk had a positive linear relationship with retention level that predicted a 50% reduction in abundance as % BA retention decreased from 100 to 15% (R2 = 0.36). Disturbed soil cover was strongly related to the interaction of retention level and block (i.e., yarding method and other site-level differences) (R2 = 0.82), and the model predicted disproportionately greater disturbed area for cable yarding (16%) than for shovel (10%) or helicopter (6%) methods as retention decreased from 100 to 15%. Chipmunk had a negative linear relationship with disturbed soil cover that predicted a 70% reduction in the species' abundance as disturbed area increased from 0 to 16% (R2 = 0.53). Retention level and yarding method are important considerations when planning harvesting operations because of their potential impacts to small mammal populations.
Design and Modeling of a Linear Array of Longitudinal Slots on Substrate Integrated Waveguide

In SIW structures, side walls are substituted by metal vias and plated holes. In this paper, we present a SIW slot array antenna, which is fed by a corporate type of microstrip power divider. The slot array and the feeding network can be fabricated on a single substrate. As a result, not only the size, weight and cost of the waveguide slot array antennas are reduced, but also the manufacturing repeatability and reliability are enhanced. Meanwhile the gain and efficiency of those antennas have only a little depression because of the dielectric loss.
Chronic disease in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort: a review of published findings.

A primary objective of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) is to characterize the major chronic health conditions faced by childhood cancer survivors, and to determine the risk factors for those conditions. In order to characterize these conditions, at entry into the study, participants completed questionnaires that documented self-reported chronic illnesses, symptoms, and medications. Over time, follow-up questionnaires (administered approximately every 2 to 3 years) have allowed analysis of changes in symptoms and disease burden. To date, analyses have been completed which describe the profile of chronic disease in the cohort at first entry into the study and for specific subgroups, defined by primary cancer, by specific exposures, and by demographic factors.1,2 Generally, these analyses estimate risk of chronic disease by calculating a risk estimate for self-reported symptoms or conditions. Relative risks for chronic disease or specific conditions are calculated comparing the survivor cohort with the sibling cohort or population norms. In addition, relative risk for an outcome in a subgroup with a specific treatment exposure or demographic characteristic is calculated relative to a comparison group without that specific factor of interest. Cumulative incidence of specific chronic illnesses is estimated in many of the reports, and analyses of chronic illnesses in each of the survivor groups by primary diagnosis are completed (acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL],3 acute myeloid leukemia [AML],4 and rhadbdomyosarcoma5) or in progress (neuroblastoma, bone sarcoma, renal tumors, lymphomas, and brain tumors). This review presents the completed analyses of overall chronic illness in the original cohort and then describes findings by organ system. Specific chronic diseases reported here will include: endocrinologic disorders (including thyroid disease, disorders of growth, weight, and pubertal regulation), osteonecrosis, cardiac disease, pulmonary conditions, and neurosensory/neurologic adverse outcomes. Adverse outcomes in some domains which might be considered chronic illnesses—secondary cancers, emotional and psychological disorders, pain—are not covered herein, but are reviewed separately in other articles within this issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. For some outcomes, only subsets of the cohort have been analyzed, often because a hypothesis regarding a specific exposure or disease (eg, weight regulation in leukemia survivors or stroke after neck radiation therapy [RT]) has been explored. Analyses in progress, and not included in this report, include risk of renal and urinary disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and more in depth cohort-wide characterizations of cardiovascular disease. Additional studies to characterize further longitudinal changes in risk as the cohort ages are planned.
Retinoblastoma cells are inhibited by aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) partially through activation of AMP‐dependent kinase

5‐Aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide‐1‐β‐4‐ribofuranoside (AICAR), an analog of AMP, is widely used as an activator of AMP‐kinase (AMPK), a protein that regulates the responses of the cell to energy change. We studied the effects of AICAR on the growth of retinoblastoma cell lines (Y79, WERI, and RB143). AICAR inhibited Rb cell growth, induced apoptosis and S‐phase cell cycle arrest, and led to activation of AMPK. These effects were abolished by treatment with dypiridamole, an inhibitor that blocks entrance of AICAR into cells. Treatment with the adenosine kinase inhibitor 5‐iodotubericidin to inhibit the conversion of AICAR to ZMP (the direct activator of AMPK) reversed most of the growth‐inhibiting effects of AICAR, indicating that some of the antiproliferative effects of AICAR are mediated through AMPK activation. In addition, AICAR treatment was associated with inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, decreased phosphorylation of ribosomal protein‐S6 and 4E‐BP1, down‐regulation of cyclins A and E, and decreased expression of p21. Our results indicate that AICAR‐induced activation of AMPK inhibits retinoblastoma cell growth. This is one of the first descriptions of a nonchemotherapeutic drug with low toxicity that may be effective in treating Rb patients. —Theodoropoulou, S. , Kolovou, P. E. , Morizane, Y. , Kayama, M. , Nicolaou, F. , Miller, J. W. , Gragoudas, E. , Ksander, B. R. , Vavvas, D. G. Retinoblastoma cells are inhibited by aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) partially through activation of AMP‐dependent kinase. FASEB J. 24, 2620–2630 (2010). www.fasebj. org
Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: The Danish Experience

Evidence from controlled trials suggests that ingestion of 0.4 mg of folic acid per day in the periconceptional period is effective in preventing neural tube defects (NTD). For this reason, most countries recommend that women planning pregnancy take folic acid supplements in the periconceptional period, and some countries even fortify stable foods with folic acid. Denmark exemplifies a country with a relatively conservative attitude with respect to taking action in these matters. In 1999, a national information campaign was launched that recommended women planning pregnancy take 0.4 mg of folic acid periconceptionally, but with the moderation that women who eat a healthy diet do not need to take folic acid supplement. The campaign was repeated during 2001. The results of the latter campaign were evaluated by using data from a national survey among pregnant women conducted simultaneously with the campaign by the Danish National Birth Cohort. An increase in the proportion of folic acid users took place concomitantly with the launching of the information events, but the increase was limited. Among women who did not plan their pregnancy, a small proportion had taken folic acid supplements periconceptionally, and this proportion did not change concomitantly with the campaign. Young age and low education were factors associated with low likelihood of taking folic acid. It seems that different and more efficient actions are needed if a more substantial proportion of Danish women and their fetuses are going to benefit from the knowledge that folic acid supplementation in the periconceptional period can prevent NTD.
Sensor Network Based Synchronous Lifting Technology in Bridge Reconstruction

This paper mainly studies the application of synchronous lifting technology in the bridge lifting. The wireless sensor network is installed in the bridge to serve as low-cost alternatives to commercially available cable-based measuring and monitoring systems. Due to the unavoidable sensing noises and the uncertain perturbations in the hydraulic systems, Kalman filter is adopted to reduce the measuring errors. A mean-position based synchronous adjust strategy in the central controller is used to ensure the synchronization of all lifting points. Simulations based on MatLab for the synchronous lifting of certain bridge are provided to verify the validity of our synchronous lifting technology.
The application of deep learning in computer vision

As the deep learning exhibits strong advantages in the feature extraction, it has been widely used in the field of computer vision and among others, and gradually replaced traditional machine learning algorithms. This paper first reviews the main ideas of deep learning, and displays several related frequently-used algorithms for computer vision. Afterwards, the current research status of computer vision field is demonstrated in this paper, particularly the main applications of deep learning in the research field.
Analysis and prediction of inverter switching frequency in direct torque control of induction machine based on hysteresis bands and machine parameters

In this paper, the influences of the hysteresis bands on the direct torque control (DTC) of an induction motor are analytically investigated, and the switching frequency of the inverter is predicted based on the analysis. The flux and torque hysteresis bands are the only gains to be adjusted in DTC, and the inverter switching frequency and the current waveform are greatly influenced by them. Therefore, the magnitude of the hysteresis band should be determined based on reasonable guidelines which can avoid excessive inverter switching frequency and current harmonics in the whole operating region. This paper predicts the inverter switching frequency according to torque and flux hysteresis bands based on induction machine parameters and control sampling period, and investigates the effect of hysteresis bands to line current harmonics. The simulated and experimental results prove the usefulness and feasibility of the proposed method.
VM aware journaling: improving journaling file system performance in virtualization environments

Journaling file systems, which are widely used in modern operating systems, guarantee file system consistency and data integrity by logging file system updates to a journal, which is a reserved space on the storage, before the updates are written to the data storage. Such journal writes increase the write traffic to the storage and thus degrade the file system performance, especially in full data journaling, which logs both metadata and data updates. In this paper, a new journaling approach is proposed to eliminate journal writes in server virtualization environments, which are gaining in popularity in server platforms. Based on reliable hardware subsystems and virtual machine monitor (VMM), the proposed approach eliminates journal writes by retaining journal data (i.e. logged file system updates) in the memory of each virtual machine and ensuring the integrity of these journal data through cooperation between the journaling file systems and the VMM. We implement the proposed approach in Linux ext3 in the Xen virtualization environment. According to the performance results, a performance improvement of up to 50.9journaling approach of ext3 due to journal write elimination. In metadata‐write dominated workloads, this approach could even outperform the metadata journaling approaches of ext3, which do not guarantee data integrity. These results demonstrate that, on virtual servers with reliable VMM and hardware subsystems, the proposed approach is an effective alternative to traditional journaling approaches. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reflections on apparent power and power factor in nonsinusoidal and polyphase situations

In this paper it is shown that it is not possible to generalize the classical concepts of apparent power and power factor to the general polyphase nonsinusoidal case by unique concepts if one wants to retain the meaning with respect to efficiency of the electrical energy transfer as well as with respect to power oscillations. Separate generalizations are proposed and discussed.
In vivo contribution of h‐channels in the septal pacemaker to theta rhythm generation

One of the most intriguing network‐level inferences made on the basis of in vitro and modelling data regarding the role of Ih current was that they participate in rhythmogenesis in different parts of the brain. The nature of Ih contribution to various neuronal oscillations is far from uniform however, and the proper evaluation of the role of Ih in each particular structure requires in situ investigations in the intact brain. In this study we tested the effect of Ih blockade in the medial septum on hippocampal theta rhythm in anaesthetized and freely behaving rats. We could not confirm the recent report of elimination of theta by septal injection of ZD7288 [C. Xu et al. (2004) Eur. J. Neurosci. , 19, 2299–2309]; the observed effects were more subtle and more specific. We found that Ih blockade in the medial septum substantially decreased the frequency of hippocampal oscillations without changing the context in which theta occurred, i.e. specific behaviours in freely moving rats and spontaneous switching and brainstem stimulation under anaesthesia. Septal injection of ZD7288 eliminated atropine‐resistant theta elicited by high intensity electrical stimulation of the reticular formation in anaesthetized rats but was ineffective in combination with the muscarinic agonist, carbachol. Thus, functional Ih was necessary for the septum to generate or transmit high frequency theta rhythm elicited by strong ascending activation, whereas low frequency theta persisted after Ih blockade. These results suggest that Ih plays a specific role in septal theta generation by promoting fast oscillations during exploratory behaviour and rapid eye movement sleep.
Global stabilization of spacecraft rendezvous system subject to input saturation via gain scheduling

The problem of global stabilization of the circular orbit spacecraft rendezvous system with input saturation is studied in this paper. The rendezvous process is divided into the in-plane motion and the out-plane motion based on C-W equations with saturation nonlinearities in the actuators. By considering the advantages of the recently developed parametric Lyapunov equation based design method and the invariant sets theory, a globally stabilizing gain scheduling nonlinear controller is proposed. To apply the proposed gain scheduling approach, only a scalar nonlinear equation is required to be solved online. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Kondo effect in Normal-Superconductor Quantum Dots

We study the transport properties of a quantum dot coupled to a normal and a superconducting lead. The dot is represented by a generalized Anderson model. Correlation effects are taken into account by an appropriate selfenergy which interpolates between the limits of weak and strong coupling to the leads. The transport properties of the system are controlled by the interplay between the Kondo effect and Andreev reflection processes. We show that, depending on the parameters range the conductance can either be enhanced or suppressed as compared to the normal case. In particular, by adequately tunning the coupling to the leads one can reach the maximum value 4e 2 /h for the conductance.
IMAGE-SEQUENCE SEGMENTATION BASED ON AN EM ALGORITHM FOR SIMILARITY CLUSTERING

Introduction In this paper we investigate a new method for segmentation of image sequences (such as in dynamic PET or fMRI). Our goal is to identify image regions in a dynamic study such that the image pixels within each region have nearly the same temporal activity functions. While many different methods exist for image segmentation, these methods are traditionally based on a Euclideanor Mahalanobis-type metric [1, 2]. In the proposed approach we instead employ a metric based on the normalized cross-correlation, also known as the similarity, between two signals. Such a metric aims to capture the shape of the time functions rather than their overall amplitude. We model the temporal activity in a dynamic image as a mixture of unknown basis functions. In the proposed method, these unknown basis functions, along with other unknown signal parameters, are found by maximum likelihood (ML) estimation using an expectationmaximization (EM) algorithm. In this summary, we describe an initial study using a brain phantom model, which is used to simulate a dynamic PET study of [C] carfetanil binding to μselective opiate receptors. For simplicity, we consider only two-dimensional images in this initial study, but the analysis is the same for three-dimensional images.