Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ribosome hibernation factor promotes Staphylococcal survival and differentially represses translation

Abstract In opportunistic Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus, a small protein called hibernation-promoting factor (HPFSa) is sufficient to dimerize 2.5-MDa 70S ribosomes into a translationally inactive 100S complex. Although the 100S dimer is observed in only the stationary phase in Gram-negative gammaproteobacteria, it is ubiquitous throughout all growth phases in S. aureus. The biological significance of the 100S ribosome is poorly understood. Here, we reveal an important role of HPFSa in preserving ribosome integrity and poising cells for translational restart, a process that has significant clinical implications for relapsed staphylococcal infections. We found that the hpf null strain is severely impaired in long-term viability concomitant with a dramatic loss of intact ribosomes. Genome-wide ribosome profiling shows that eliminating HPFSa drastically increased ribosome occupancy at the 5′ end of specific mRNAs under nutrient-limited conditions, suggesting that HPFSa may suppress translation initiation. The protective function of HPFSa on ribosomes resides at the N-terminal conserved basic residues and the extended C-terminal segment, which are critical for dimerization and ribosome binding, respectively. These data provide significant insight into the functional consequences of 100S ribosome loss for protein synthesis and stress adaptation.
AUTOMATIC PREDICTION OF PROBLEMATIC HUMAN-COMPUTER DIALO GUES IN 'HOW MAY I HELP YOU?

We report results on learning to automatically identify and predict problematic human-computer dialogues in a corpus collecte d during a wizard-override trial of theHow May I Help Youtask. We show that it is possible to automatically learn a problematic dialogu e classifier using automatically-obtainable features that can identif y problematic dialogues significantly better (23%) than the baseline, and within 2% of a classifierbased on both automatic and hand-labelled fea tures. We show that even using only automatic features from the first ex change in the dialogue, we improve significantly over the baseline ( 7%). We find that a classifier restricted to task-independent automa tic features performs almost as well as a classifier based on automatic fea ures.
A Weight Vector Feature for 3D Shape Matching

In the present paper, we introduce a novel segment weight vector to matching 3D objects rapidly. We split a 3D object into parts according to its topology, and make up the extracted the thickness feature of each part as a feature vector of the 3D object. Furthermore, we present a new solution for improving the accuracy of the similarity queries. Since the proposed method is based on partial features, it is particularly suited to searching objects having distinct part structures and is invariant to part architecture.
Text detection in images based on unsupervised classification of edge-based features

In this paper, an algorithm is proposed for detecting texts in images and video frames. It is performed by three steps: edge detection, text candidate detection and text refinement detection. Firstly, it applies edge detection to get four edge maps in horizontal, vertical, up-right, and up-left direction. Secondly, the feature is extracted from four edge maps to represent the texture property of text. Then k-means algorithm is applied to detect the initial text candidates. Finally, the text areas are identified by the empirical rules analysis and refined through project profile analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach could efficiently be used as an automatic text detection system, which is robust for font size, font color, background complexity and language.
Mediated by the Trophic Activities of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells : A Non-invasive Therapeutic Regimen

Heart failure carries a poor prognosis with few treatment options. While myocardial stem cell therapeutic trials have traditionally relied on intracoronary infusion or intramyocardial injection routes, these cell delivery methods are invasive and can introduce harmful scar tissue, arrhythmia, calcification, or microinfarction in the heart. Given that patients with heart failure are at an increased surgical risk, development of a non-invasive stem cell therapeutic approach is logistically appealing. Taking advantage of the trophic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and using a hamster heart failure model, the present study demonstrates a novel non-invasive therapeutic regimen via direct delivery of MSCs into the skeletal muscle bed. Intramuscularly injected MSCs and MSC-conditioned medium each significantly improved ventricular function one month after MSC administration. MSCs at 4 million cells per animal increased fractional shortening by ~40%, enhanced capillary and myocyte nuclear density by ~30% and ~80%, attenuated apoptosis by ~60%, and reduced fibrosis by ~50%. Myocyte regeneration is evidenced by a ~2-fold increase in expression of cell cycle markers (Ki67 and phosphohistone H3) and ~13% reduction in mean myocyte diameter. Increased circulating levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) were associated with mobilization of c-kit, CD31, and CD133 progenitor cells and subsequent increase in myocardial c-kit cells. Trophic effects of MSCs further activated expression of HGF, insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the myocardium. The work highlights a cardiac repair mechanism
TEI-Turbo: temperature effect inversion-aware turbo boost for finfet-based multi-core systems

Energy and temperature are the main constraints for modern high-performance multi-core systems. To save power or increase performance, Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) is widely applied in industry. As CMOS technology continues scaling, FinFET has recently become the common choice for multi-core systems. In contrast with planar CMOS, FinFET is observed to have lower delay under higher temperature in super-threshold voltage region, an effect called temperature effect inversion (TEI). Due to this effect, performance can be further improved under power constraints. This work explores TEI-aware performance improvement for power limited multi-core systems. Our experimental results show that on average 15.70% throughput improvement can be achieved in steady state by a TEI-aware DVFS policy over a TEI-agnostic one. In further investigations, we observe multiple sweet spots in the operating voltage/frequency regions resulting from TEI effects. Based on these sweet spot operation regimes, this work introduces a fast algorithm which determines the maximum performance under power constraints. Experimental results confirm its effectiveness by exhibiting a speedup of an average of 45.9X in runtime while keeping resulting performance only 0.22% away from existing state-of-the-art algorithms.
The Structure of Violent Behavior

Common difficulties in measures of violent behavior are their multidimensional nature, the nonempirical ordering of violent acts, the inclusion of undiscriminating items, and differential precision of measurement across the range of seriousness. Data collected on a sample of 250 male Scottish prisoners, using the MacArthur Community Violence Screening Instrument, are examined using confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory (IRT) analysis. A hierarchical model with a coherent superordinate factor overarching two lower order factors—violence based on weapon use and violence without weapon use—provide the best fit to the data. The ordering of the items on the scale does not conform to the order indicated by IRT analysis. Items vary considerably in the amount of information they provide, with the precision of measurement of the total scale being poor at high levels of the scale. Ways of improving the measurement of violence are discussed.
Outcomes Evaluation in Faith-Based Social Services: Are We Evaluating Faith Accurately?

In response to a recent call for research on the effectiveness of faith-based organizations, this article synthesizes how effectiveness has been defined and measured in evaluation research of faith-based programs. Although evidence indicates that religion can have a positive impact on individuals' well-being, no prior comprehensive review exists of the literature on the effectiveness of faith-based social service programs. Adopting the systematic review method, the authors explore how researchers have conceptualized and operationalized effectiveness and faith. The authors identify trends and limitations across studies and conclude with implications for researchers and practitioners interested in examining and delivering faith-based social services.
Tangibility in Services Advertising: An Investigation of Verbal versus Visual Cues

Abstract As the service sector of the U.S. economy continues to grow dramatically, so does the need for increased attention to advertising strategies for the service sector. The author examines print advertising strategy for services by testing whether the presence of a visual tangible cue (a physical representation) and the use of verbal tangible cues (informational cues related to tangible dimensions of the service) influence the effectiveness of the advertisement. Results indicate that for a hotel (a service high in experience qualities), verbal tangible cues are related to more positive attitudes toward the ad and service, higher patronage intentions and higher levels of recall. For an auto service (high in credence qualities), verbal tangible cues are related positively to attitude toward the ad, attitude toward the service, and recall, but not patronage intention. The presence of the physical representation did not affect any of the four dependent variables.
Portable Multithreading-The Signal Stack Trick for User-Space Thread Creation

This paper describes a pragmatic but portable fallback approach for creating and dispatching between the machine contexts of multiple threads of execution on Unix systems that lack a dedicated user-space context switching facility. Such a fallback approach for implementing machine contexts is a vital part of a user-space multithreading environment, if it has to achieve maximum portability across a wide range of Unix flavors. The approach is entirely based on standard Unix system facilities and ANSI-C language features and especially does not require any assembly code or platform specific tricks at all. The most interesting issue is the technique of creating the machine context for threads, which this paper explains in detail. The described approach closely follows the algorithm as implemented by the author for the popular user-space multithreading library GNU Portable Threads (GNU Pth, [25]) which this way quickly gained the status of one of the most portable user-space multithreading libraries.
Verifying generic IEC 61508 CPU self-tests with fault injection

In this paper we present generic CPU self-test programs and we check if the test programs conform to the IEC 61508 safety standard. We use processor architecture independent test programs to indirectly test the CPU components. We present a fault injection framework which we use to verify the fault detection ratio of the self-tests through simulation on a Plasma/MIPS and on a LEON3 processor.
Symmetry of hydrogen bonds in solution

Abstract A classic question regarding hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) concerns their symmetry. Is the hydrogen centered or is it closer to one donor and jumping between them? These possibilities correspond to single- and double-well potentials, respectively. The NMR method of isotopic perturbation can answer this question. It is illustrated with 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropenal and then applied to dicarboxylate monoanions. The 18O-induced 13C NMR splittings signify that their intramolecular H-bonds are asymmetric and that each species is a pair of tautomers, not a single symmetric structure, even though maleate and phthalate are symmetric in crystals. The asymmetry is seen across a wide range of solvents and a wide variety of monoanions, including 2,3-di-tert-butylsuccinate and zwitterionic phthalates. Asymmetry is also seen in monoprotonated 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenediamines, N,N'-diaryl-6-aminofulvene-2-aldimines, and 6-hydroxy-2-formylfulvene. The asymmetry is attributed to the disorder of the local environment, establishing an equilibrium between solvatomers. The broader implications of these results regarding the role of solvation in breaking symmetry are discussed. It was prudent to confirm a secondary deuterium isotope effect (IE) on amine basicity by NMR titration of a mixture of PhCH2NH2 and PhCHDNH2. The IE is of stereoelectronic origin. It is proposed that symmetric H-bonds can be observed in crystals but not in solution because a disordered environment induces asymmetry, whereas a crystal can guarantee a symmetric environment. The implications for the controversial role of low-barrier H-bonds in enzyme-catalyzed reactions are discussed.
Named Entity Recognition in Biomedical Literature Using Two-Layer Support Vector Machines

A beam receiver secured to an upper portion of a blade of an earth working equipment can rotate in a horizontal plane and move in a vertical direction and, accordingly, can catch a laser beam from a beam projector regardless of a direction of the equipment. When the beam has been deviated out of the beam receiver, the direction of the deviation is detected so that the beam can be received by the beam receiver again. The height of the beam receiver relative to the blade can be adjusted and the level of the blade can thereby be controlled very accurately.
Tbx5 and Tbx20 act synergistically to control vertebrate heart morphogenesis

Members of the T-box family of proteins play a fundamental role in patterning the developing vertebrate heart; however, the precise cellular requirements for any one family member and the mechanism by which individual T-box genes function remains largely unknown. In this study, we have investigated the cellular and molecular relationship between two T-box genes, Tbx5 and Tbx20. We demonstrate that blocking Tbx5 or Tbx20 produces phenotypes that display a high degree of similarity, as judged by overall gross morphology, molecular marker analysis and cardiac physiology, implying that the two genes are required for and have non-redundant functions in early heart development. In addition, we demonstrate that although co-expressed, Tbx5 and Tbx20 are not dependent on the expression of one another, but rather have a synergistic role during early heart development. Consistent with this proposal, we show that TBX5 and TBX20 can physically interact and map the interaction domains, and we show a cellular interaction for the two proteins in cardiac development, thus providing the first evidence for direct interaction between members of the T-box gene family.
NRPSsp: non-ribosomal peptide synthase substrate predictor

SUMMARY Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are multi-modular enzymes, which biosynthesize many important peptide compounds produced by bacteria and fungi. Some studies have revealed that an individual domain within the NRPSs shows significant substrate selectivity. The discovery and characterization of non-ribosomal peptides are of great interest for the biotechnological industries. We have applied computational mining methods in order to build a database of NRPSs modules that bind to specific substrates. We have used this database to build a hidden Markov model predictor of substrates that bind to a given NRPS. AVAILABILITY The database and the predictor are freely available on an easy-to-use website at www.nrpssp. com. CONTACT carlos.prieto@unileon.es SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data is available at Bioinformatics online.
Prospects for a narrow line MOT in YO

In addition to being suitable for laser cooling and trapping in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) using a relatively broad ( ∼ 5 MHz ) ? > transition, the molecule YO possesses a narrow-line transition. This forbidden transition between the X 2 &Sgr; ? > and A ′ 2 Δ 3 / 2 ? > states has linewidth ∼ 2 &pgr; × 160 ? > kHz. After cooling in a MOT on the 614 nm X 2 &Sgr; ? > to A 2 &Pgr; 1 / 2 ? > (orange) transition, the narrow 690 nm (red) transition can be used to further cool the sample, requiring only minimal additions to the first stage system. We estimate that the narrow line cooling stage will bring the temperature from ∼1 mK to ∼10 μK, significantly advancing the frontier on direct cooling achievable for molecules.
Role of zonal flows in trapped electron mode turbulence through nonlinear gyrokinetic particle and continuum simulation

Trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence exhibits a rich variety of collisional and zonal flow physics. This work explores the parametric variation of zonal flows and underlying mechanisms through a series of linear and nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations, using both particle-in-cell and continuum methods. A new stability diagram for electron modes is presented, identifying a critical boundary at ηe=1, separating long and short wavelength TEMs. A novel parity test is used to separate TEMs from electron temperature gradient driven modes. A nonlinear scan of ηe reveals fine scale structure for ηe≳1, consistent with linear expectation. For ηe 1, zonal flows are weak, and TEM transport falls inversely with a power law in ηe. The role of zonal flows appears to be connected to linear stability properties. Particle and continuum methods are compared in detail over a range of ηe=d ln Te/d ln ne values from zero to fiv.
Emotion-induced modulation of recognition memory decisions in a Go/NoGo task: Response bias or memory bias?

In recognition memory tests for words, items with negative emotional meaning are more often classified as “old” compared to neutral items, whether or not they are in fact old. Two accounts for this bias have been offered: One proposes that emotions disrupt retrieval and response monitoring processes (executive control account), the other proposes that emotions cause illusory feelings of remembering (memory bias account). We addressed this issue by varying the target signal in a Go/NoGo variant of a recognition memory task for negative, neutral, and positive words and faces: One group of participants was asked to respond to old items whereas the other group was asked to respond to new items. Results showed that the “Go-for-old” group showed the typical emotion-induced response bias shift for both positive and negative words, while the “Go-for-new” group showed the opposite pattern. Results were nonsignificant for faces, but went into the same direction. The findings are clearly inconsistent with the executive control account and speak for a genuine memory illusion induced by emotional arousal.
Time-varying persistence of inflation: evidence from a wavelet-based approach

Abstract We propose a new stochastic long-memory model with a time-varying fractional integration parameter, evolving non-linearly according to a Logistic Smooth Transition Autoregressive (LSTAR) specification. To estimate the time-varying fractional integration parameter, we implement a method based on the wavelet approach, using the instantaneous least squares estimator (ILSE). The empirical results show the relevance of the modeling approach and provide evidence of regime change in inflation persistence that contributes to a better understanding of the inflationary process in the US. Most importantly, these empirical findings remind us that a “one-size-fits-all” monetary policy is unlikely to work in all circumstances. The empirical results are consistent with newly developed tests of wavelet-based unit root and fractional Brownian motion.
Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences in Dynamic Stereotypes: A Comparison Between Germany and the United States

This study examined cross-cultural similarities and differences in beliefs about men and women of the past, present, and future. These dynamic stereotypes, or beliefs that a group's present characteristics differ from its past or future characteristics, correspond to the actual role change experienced by the group (Diekman & Eagly, 2000). Participants in Germany and the United States perceived that women were increasing in their masculine characteristics from the past to the future, whereas they perceived comparatively more stability in men's characteristics. The largest cross-cultural difference stemmed from beliefs about 1950s women, who were perceived as possessing greater positive masculine personality, negative feminine personality, and less feminine physical traits in Germany than in the United States. This greater nontraditionalism of postwar German women reflects their assumption of stereotypically male-dominated roles immediately after World War II. Consistent with social role theory, perceived role nontraditionalism mediated the relationship between time period and levels of gender-stereotypic characteristics.
Chirality in Magnetic Multilayers Probed by the Symmetry and the Amplitude of Dichroism in X-Ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering.

Chirality in condensed matter has recently become a topic of the utmost importance because of its significant role in the understanding and mastering of a large variety of new fundamental physical mechanisms. Versatile experimental approaches, capable to reveal easily the exact winding of order parameters, are therefore essential. Here we report x-ray resonant magnetic scattering as a straightforward tool to reveal directly the properties of chiral magnetic systems. We show that it can straightforwardly and unambiguously determine the main characteristics of chiral magnetic distributions: i.e., its chiral nature, the quantitative winding sense (clockwise or counterclockwise), and its type, i.e., Néel [cycloidal] or Bloch [helical]. This method is model independent, does not require a priori knowledge of the magnetic parameters, and can be applied to any system with magnetic domains ranging from a few nanometers (wavelength limited) to several microns. By using prototypical multilayers with tailored magnetic chiralities driven by spin-orbit-related effects at Co|Pt interfaces, we illustrate the strength of this method.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II/Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor Mediates Paracrine Interactions During Spermatogonial Development1

Abstract The insulin-like growth factor-II/cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor transduces signals after binding IGF-II or M6P-bearing growth factors. We hypothesized that this receptor relays paracrine signals between Sertoli cells and spermatogonia in the basal compartment of the seminiferous epithelium. For these studies spermatogonia were isolated from 8-day-old mice with purity >95% and viability >85% after overnight culture. The IGF-II/M6P receptors were present on the surface of spermatogonia, as detected by indirect immunofluorescence. We determined that both IGF-II and M6P-glycoproteins in Sertoli cell conditioned medium (SCM) modulate gene expression in isolated spermatogonia. The IGF-II produced dose-dependent increases in both rRNA and c-fos mRNA. These effects were mediated specifically by IGF-II/M6P receptors, as shown by studies using IGF-II analogues that are specific agonists for either IGF-I or IGF-II receptors. The SCM treatment also induced dose-dependent increases in rRNA levels, and M6P competition showed that this response required interaction with IGF-II/M6P receptors. The M6P-glycoproteins isolated from SCM by IGF-II/M6P receptor affinity chromatography increased spermatogonial rRNA levels at much lower concentrations than required by SCM treatment, providing further evidence for the paracrine activity of Sertoli M6P-glycoproteins. These results demonstrate that Sertoli cells secrete paracrine factors that modulate spermatogonial gene expression after interacting with cell-surface IGF-II/M6P receptors.