Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lifestyles and Mobile Services Adoption in China

Along with the popularity of mobile devices and advances in wireless technology, mobile services have become more and more prevalent. To the best of knowledge, despite the potential importance of lifestyle, little research has been performed on the effect of various lifestyle factors on mobile services diffusion, particularly in the Chinese context. This study examines the relationship between the lifestyles of Chinese consumers and the adoption of mobile services. Based on a sample of 313 respondents from the biggest city in central China, one can show that consumers with different lifestyles have different preferences related to a number of the identified mobile services. Furthermore, Chinese consumers are clustered into four lifestyle segments by two dimensions: the quality-awareness fashionable dimension and the economical dimension. The findings demonstrate that the quality-awareness fashionable dimension has stronger impact than the economical dimension toward the adoption of all the five types of mobile services.
New Classification System for Oxygenase Components Involved in Ring-Hydroxylating Oxygenations

Batie et al. [Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes, 3, 543-556(1991)] proposed a classification system for ring-hydroxylating oxygenases in which the oxygenases are grouped into three classes in terms of the number of constituent components and the nature of th redox centers. But in recent years, many ring-hydroxylating oxygenases have been newly identified and characterized, and found dificult to classify into these three classes. Typical examples are carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase and 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline 8-monooxygenase, which have been classified into class III and class IB, respectively, from biochemical characteristics. However, a phylogenetic study showed that the terminal oxygenases of both are closely related to class IA. Because this discrepancy derived from counting all the components together, here we proposed a new scheme based on the homology of the amino acid sequences of the α subunits of the terminal oxygenase components. This new scheme strongly reflects the actual phylogenetic affiation of the terminal oxygenase component. By comparing their sequences pairwise using the CLUSTAL W program, 54 oxygenase components were classified into 4 groups (groups I, II, III, and IV). While group I contains broad-range oxygenases sharing low homology, groups II, III, and IV contain some typical oxygenase: benzoate/toluate dioxygenases for group II, naphthalene/polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases for group III, and benzene/toluene/biphenyl dioxygenases for group IV. Our new scheme is simple and powerful, since an oxygenase component can be nearly automatically grouped when the DNA sequence is available, and it fits very well with the phylogenetic affiiation.
DBpedia based Ontological Concepts Driven Information Extraction from Unstructured Text

In this paper a knowledge base concept driven named entity recognition (NER) approach is presented. The technique is used for information extraction from news articles and linking it with background concepts in knowledge base. The work specifically focuses on extracting entity mentions from unstructured articles. The extraction of entity mentions from articles is based on the existing concepts from DBPedia ontology, representing the knowledge associated with the concepts present in Wikipedia knowledge base. A collection of the Wikipedia concepts through structured DBpedia ontology has been extracted and developed. For processing of unstructured text, Dawn news articles have been scrapped, preprocessed and thereby a corpus has been built. The proposed knowledge base driven system shows that given an article, the system identifies the entity mentions in the text article and how they can automatically be linked with the concepts to the corresponding entity mentions representing their respective pages on Wikipedia. The system is evaluated on three test collections of news articles on politics, sports and entertainment domains. The experimental results in respect of entity mentions are reported. The results are presented as precision, recall and f-measure, where the precision of extraction of relevant entity mentions identified yields the best results with a little variation in percent recall and f-measures. Additionally, facts associated with the extracted entity mentions both in form of sentences and Resource Description Framework (RDF) triples are presented so as to enhance the user’s understanding of the related facts presented in the article.
Protection from cyanide‐induced brain injury by the Nrf2 transcriptional activator carnosic acid

Cyanide is a life‐threatening, bioterrorist agent, preventing cellular respiration by inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase, resulting in cardiopulmonary failure, hypoxic brain injury, and death within minutes. However, even after treatment with various antidotes to protect cytochrome oxidase, cyanide intoxication in humans can induce a delayed‐onset neurological syndrome that includes symptoms of Parkinsonism. Additional mechanisms are thought to underlie cyanide‐induced neuronal damage, including generation of reactive oxygen species. This may account for the fact that antioxidants prevent some aspects of cyanide‐induced neuronal damage. Here, as a potential preemptive countermeasure against a bioterrorist attack with cyanide, we tested the CNS protective effect of carnosic acid (CA), a pro‐electrophilic compound found in the herb rosemary. CA crosses the blood–brain barrier to up‐regulate endogenous antioxidant enzymes via activation of the Nrf2 transcriptional pathway. We demonstrate that CA exerts neuroprotective effects on cyanide‐induced brain damage in cultured rodent and human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived neurons in vitro, and in vivo in various brain areas of a non‐Swiss albino mouse model of cyanide poisoning that simulates damage observed in the human brain. Cyanide, a potential bioterrorist agent, can produce a chronic delayed‐onset neurological syndrome that includes symptoms of Parkinsonism. Here, cyanide poisoning treated with the proelectrophillic compound carnosic acid, results in reduced neuronal cell death in both in vitro and in vivo models through activation of the Nrf2/ARE transcriptional pathway. Carnosic acid is therefore a potential treatment for the toxic central nervous system (CNS) effects of cyanide poisoning. ARE, antioxidant responsive element; Nrf2 (NFE2L2, Nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2).
Detection of circulating tumour cells in gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review

Objective This systematic review was conducted to summarize the use of circulating tumour cell (CTC) detection as a prognostic indicator in gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Databases (MEDLINE®, EMBASE®, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched to identify studies that reported the detection of CTCs in patients with gastric cancer or HCC. Results Fifteen studies in patients with gastric cancer and 10 studies in patients with HCC, with a total of 793 and 577 patients, respectively, met the specific inclusion criteria for further analysis. Heterogeneity and potential bias among the studies prevented any statistical analysis. Conclusion Several methodological techniques have allowed the detection of CTCs in patients with gastric cancer or HCC, but the studies identified in this report generally reported on small cohorts and there was heterogeneity and potential bias in the studies. This highlights the need for large systematic multicentre clinical trials to confirm the potential prognostic benefit of detecting CTCs in patients with cancer.
Recent Advances in the Application of SelectfluorTMF-TEDA-BF4 as a Versatile Mediator or Catalyst in Organic Synthesis

SelectfluorTM F-TEDA-BF4 (1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo [2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate) is not only one of the most efficient and popular reagents for electrophilic fluorination, but as a strong oxidant is also a convenient mediator or catalyst of several “fluorine-free” functionalizations of organic compounds. Its applications as a mediator in transformations of oxidizable functional groups or gold-catalyzed C-C and C-heteroatom oxidative coupling reactions, a catalyst in formation of various heterocyclic rings, a reagent or catalyst of various functionalizations of electron-rich organic compounds (iodination, bromination, chlorination, nitration, thiocyanation, sulfenylation, alkylation, alkoxylation), a catalyst of one-pot-multi-component coupling reactions, a catalyst of regioselective ring opening of epoxides, a deprotection reagent for various protecting groups, and a mediator for stereoselective rearrangement processes of bicyclic compounds are reviewed and discussed.
Toward automated classification of consumers’ cancer-related questions with a new taxonomy of expected answer types

This article examines methods for automated question classification applied to cancer-related questions that people have asked on the web. This work is part of a broader effort to provide automated question answering for health education. We created a new corpus of consumer-health questions related to cancer and a new taxonomy for those questions. We then compared the effectiveness of different statistical methods for developing classifiers, including weighted classification and resampling. Basic methods for building classifiers were limited by the high variability in the natural distribution of questions and typical refinement approaches of feature selection and merging categories achieved only small improvements to classifier accuracy. Best performance was achieved using weighted classification and resampling methods, the latter yielding an accuracy of F1 = 0.963. Thus, it would appear that statistical classifiers can be trained on natural data, but only if natural distributions of classes are smoothed. Such classifiers would be useful for automated question answering, for enriching web-based content, or assisting clinical professionals to answer questions.
Interactive segmentation for character extraction in stone inscriptions

Indian stone inscriptions play an important role in the reconstruction of the history of India. Kannada is considered the oldest language next to Sanskrit, Prakrit, and Tamil. According to linguists Tamil and Kannada branched off simultaneously from the Dravidian language of South India before the Christian Era. Indian epigraphy becomes more widespread over the 1st millennium, engraved on the faces of cliffs, on pillars, on tablets of stone, drawn in caves and on rocks, some gouged into the bedrock. Later they were also inscribed on palm leaves, coins, copper plates, and on temple walls. Preserving the heritage of ancient civilizations furthers the education and understanding of world cultures that may help to promote world peace. Without digital preservation of important cultural sites, future generations may never know the achievements of past civilizations, our heritage. As pollution, wars, and natural disasters take their toll on these ancient structures, it is increasingly important to accomplish preservation of those historical monuments for cultural heritage of a nation. Here in the paper, we took different images of stone inscriptions of Kannada characters from various regions in Karnataka. The images are processed such that its character is preprocessed, matched and extracted. Computer vision is concerned with the theory for building artificial systems that obtain information from images. They also document the development and use of written languages in India.
Human milk banking and milk kinship: Perspectives of mothers in a Muslim country.

AIM The present study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes and views of mothers regarding infant feeding, breast milk, wet-nursing, milk kinship and human milk banks. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was composed of 1042 mothers who delivered at two different hospitals in Turkey. RESULTS Almost half of the participating mothers, 49.9%, agreed with the establishment of alternative HMBs in Turkey. Only 7.7% of the mothers in this study expressed views in favour of the establishment of Western-style HMBs. Approximately half of the mothers (42.4%) indicated that they were against the establishment of any kind of HMBs in Turkey. Only 9.2% of the mothers in this study stated that they would volunteer to donate their breast milk to the Western-style HMBs, and only 6.9% of the mothers approved obtaining milk from this type of HMB. Finally, 44.2% of the mothers stated that they would donate their breast milk to the alternative HMBs, and 31.9% of the mothers approved obtaining milk from this type of HMB. CONCLUSION This is the first study conducted among mothers in a Muslim community about issues such as infant feeding, breast milk, wet-nursing, milk kinship and HMBs. The majority of the mothers in this study are against the establishment of Western-style HMBs, whereas they have a more positive response to an alternative HMB when their religious concerns are relieved.
Propylthiouracil-induced Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-associated Renal Vasculitis Versus Primary ANCA-associated Renal Vasculitis: A Comparative Study

Objective. Renal involvement is frequently present in primary antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small-vessel vasculitis (AAV) as well as propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced AAV. We analyzed the characteristics of patients with PTU-induced AAV with renal involvement and investigated the differences of the 2 diseases. Methods. Thirty-six patients with PTU-induced AAV, diagnosed from 1997 to 2010, were enrolled for study. Their data were compared with those of 174 patients with primary AAV diagnosed at the same time. Renal involvement was present in all patients. Results. There was a prominent proportion of young women with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.01). They had lower levels of proteinuria and serum creatinine and higher estimated glomerular filtration rate (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). Clinical immunological abnormalities were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV. Patients with PTU-induced AAV had less organ involvement and lower Birmingham Vasculitis Assessment Score than patients with primary AAV (p < 0.01). Renal biopsies showed a lower proportion of glomeruli with crescents (p < 0.01). Interstitial inflammation was less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.05). Similarly, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively). Renal survival and total survival were better in patients with PTU-associated vasculitis (p < 0.05, p = 0.01). Conclusion. Clinical and histopathological abnormalities were less severe in patients with PTU-induced AAV and most of them had a good prognosis.
New broadband button-shaped antenna on innovative magneto-dielectric material for wearable applications

The design and characterization of a new broadband small patch antenna, based on an innovative magneto-dielectric material and suitable for wearable applications at 868 MHz, is presented. To reduce antenna dimensions while preserving its radiation and matching performances, a barium-strontium hexaferrite Ba0.75Sr0. 25Fe12O19 has been synthesized to achieve a magnetic permeability double than vacuum in the band of interest. The material is first experimentally characterized and the dispersive permittivity and permeability behaviors are accounted for during the design of a small patch antenna with a shorting-plate. Very good agreement with measurements is demonstrated for both matching and radiation performances of the antenna.
Social and Ecological Change over a Decade in a Village Hunting System, Central Gabon

Despite widespread recognition of the major threat to tropical forest biological diversity and local food security posed by unsustainable bushmeat hunting, virtually no long‐term studies tracking the socioecological dynamics of hunting systems have been conducted. We interviewed local hunters and collected detailed hunting data to investigate changes in offtake and hunter characteristics over 10 years (2001–2010) in Dibouka and Kouagna villages, central Gabon, in the context of hunter recollections of longer term trends since the 1950s. To control for changes in hunter behavior, such as trap location and characteristics, we report hunting offtake data per trap. Our results suggest the hunting area was already highly depleted by 2001; local hunters reported that 16 large‐bodied prey species had become rare or locally extirpated over the last 60 years. Overall, we observed no significant declines in hunting offtake or changes in species composition from 2001 to 2010, and offtakes per trap increased slightly between 2004 and 2010. However, trapping distance from the villages increased, and there was a switch in hunting techniques; a larger proportion of the catch was hunted with guns in 2010. The number of hunters declined by 20% from 2004 to 2010, and male livelihood activities shifted away from hunting. Hunters with the lowest hunting incomes in 2004 were more likely than successful hunters to have moved away from the village by 2010 (often in response to alternative employment opportunities). Therefore, changes in trap success (potentially related to biological factors) were interacting with system‐level changes in hunter number and composition (related to external socioeconomic factors) to produce a relatively static overall offtake. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the small‐scale context of hunting to correctly interpret changes or apparent stasis in hunting effort and offtake over time.
rTraffic - a realtime web application for traffic status update in the streets of Bangladesh

As median income rises in Bangladesh, so too does the number of people who own cars. Bangladesh as a nation does not have the resources to maintain the infrastructure for this steadily increasing number of cars hitting the streets. The result is that key intersections are frequently gridlocked causing horrendous traffic jams. This paper introduces rTraffic - a smartphone based web application that aims at making this issue a little more bearable by combining a crowd-sourced data acquisition model and real-time notifications system that suggests users on which routes to take and which routes to avoid. The paper will also discuss about the basic methodology, low-level implementation details and scaling factor considerations for real world deployment and performance benchmarks.
Recursive intelligent matching pursuit method for image sequences reconstruction based on l0 minimization

This paper addresses the image sequences reconstruction by l0 minimization, which is an NP-hard problem with high computational complexity. To solve it, we propose a novel recursive intelligent matching pursuit(RIMP) algorithm in this paper. The idea of RIMP lies in utilizing the recursive reconstruction to reduce the sparsity and applying the superiorities of intelligent optimization algorithm to solve the l0 minimization essentially, which is beneficial to improving the reconstruction accuracy. To reduce the computational complexity, some matching strategies of greedy algorithm are used to design the intelligent searching strategies to accelerate the reconstruction speed. Also, based on the high reconstruction accuracy of the intelligent searching, RIMP can significantly improve the reconstruction accumulation in recursive reconstruction for image sequences. Numerical simulations on several image sequences have been used to demonstrate that the theoretical reconstruction performance of RIMP can be achieved.
Outcome after total hip arthroplasty: Part II. Disease-specific follow-up and the Swedish National Total Hip Arthroplasty Register

The Swedish National Total Hip Arthroplasty Register records primary hip replacements, revisions and surgical technique/environmental factors. The end-point for failure is revision. A prosthesis still in place, however, does not mean success. Clinical and radiographic outcomes should describe in more detail the efficacy of hip replacement surgery instead of the relatively blunt outcome measure that the register can provide. We performed a clinical outcome analysis on patients with primary total hip replacement thus testing the adequacy of the end-point for failure in the Swedish register. 1,113 randomly selected patients who had had total hip replacement surgery between 1986 and 1995 answered a diseasespecific self-administered questionnaire (WOMAC). A cohort of 344 patients was studied, using the Harris Hip Score and a conventional radiographic examination as outcome measures. We found clinical failure rates of 13% and 20% for all implants after 10 years, using 60 points or revision as the definition of failure in the Harris Hip Score and WOMAC, respectively. The result, according to the register during the same period, was a 7% revision rate. The clinical failure rate depended on the type of evaluation tool, definition of failure and demographics, which made it difficult to decide whether there was a need for revision. With the exception of pain measured by the Harris Hip Score, the results showed no significant correlation between clinical failure and radiographic failure. Hence, with the knowledge that there is a difference between the revision rate according to the register and clinical outcome, the strict definition of failure in the register is useful as an end-point for primary hip replacement surgery.
The Information Benefits of R&D Capitalization

We examine the information benefits of R&D capitalization in the UK after the adoption of IFRS (which mandates capitalization of development costs). Using the successful efforts model of Healy et al (2002), we examine whether information provided by capitalization helps to explain current stock returns, and to predict future earnings. We also examine whether the market could deduce the unrecognized capitalization information under expensing, by examining the market’s pricing of pro-forma capitalization information from the year before IFRS. We find that the capitalization variables have significant explanatory power for both returns and earnings, that the market values the decomposition of current R&D expenditures into their expensed vs capitalized components, and that firms’ switch to capitalization under IFRS revealed new information to the market. Together, these results attest to both the relevance and reliability of the capitalization information, and to the importance of its recognition.
Calibration of simulation models for ultrasonic transducers based on implicit calibration

There are numerous software packages available for modeling of the sound pressure fields emitted by ultrasound transducers and transducer arrays. Accurate modeling of a real-world transducer requires knowledge of several parameters that are generally not known. This paper presents an estimation principle that can be used to calibrate such models, based on measurements of the sound field. The model separates the problem into estimation of the transducer's electro-mechanical impulse response and its spatial impulse response. The latter being what the software packages generally model. We demonstrate the principle with measurements of the sound field from a non-focused 5 MHz transducer. The results show that the modeled sound field agrees well with measurements.