Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast-Forwarding to Desired Visualizations with Zenvisage

Data exploration and analysis, especially for non-programmers, remains a tedious and frustrating process of trial-and-error—data scientists spend many hours poring through visualizations in the hope of ﬁnding those that match desired patterns. We demonstrate zen-visage , an interactive data exploration system tailored towards “fast-forwarding” to desired trends, patterns, or insights, without much effort from the user. zenvisage ’s interface supports simple drag-and-drop and sketch-based interactions as speciﬁcation mechanisms for the exploration need, as well as an intuitive data exploration language called ZQL for more complex needs. zenvisage is being developed in collaboration with ad analysts, battery scientists, and genomic data analysts, and will be demonstrated on similar datasets.
What do you do when two hands are not enough? interactive selection of bonds between pairs of tangible molecules

For molecular modeling, chemical structures have to be understood and imagined both in their three-dimensional spatial extent and in their dynamic behavior. We have developed an AR-based system for tangible interaction with molecules using optical markers. When users bring several molecules close to one another, potential bonds are shown and the molecules dynamically change their 3D structure according to potential chemical reactions. A problem arises when users also need to select one such bond from of a multitude of potential bonds while already using both hands to manipulate the molecules. We present two gesture-based techniques, shake-based and proximity-based to solve this problem. We report on user tests evaluating these techniques with respect to speed, precision and user acceptance.
Sensitivity and specificity of the Manchester Triage System in risk prioritization of patients with acute myocardial infarction who present with chest pain

Background: The purpose of the Manchester Triage System is to clinically prioritize each patient seeking care in an emergency department. Patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction who have typical symptoms including chest pain should be classified in the highest priority groups, requiring immediate medical assistance or care within 10 min. As such, the Manchester Triage System should present adequate sensitivity and specificity. Aims: This study estimated the sensitivity and specificity of the Manchester Triage System in the triage of patients with chest pain related to the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and the associations between the performance of the Manchester Triage System and selected variables. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The sensitivity and specificity of the Manchester Triage System were estimated by verifying the triage classification received by these patients and their established medical diagnoses. Results: The sample was composed of 10,087 triage episodes, in which 139 (1.38%) patients had a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In 49 episodes, confirmation of medical diagnosis was not possible. The estimated sensitivity of the Manchester Triage System was 44.60% (36.18–53.27%) and the estimated specificity was 91.30% (90.73–91.85%). Of the 10,038 episodes in which the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was confirmed or excluded, 938 patients (9.34%) received an incorrect classification – undertriage or overtriage. Conclusion: This study showed that the specificity of the Manchester Triage System was very good. However, the low sensitivity based on the Manchester Triage System indicated that patients in high priority categories were undertriaged, leading to longer wait times and associated increased risks of adverse events.
Applications of Supercritical Fluid in Alloplastic Bone Graft: A Novel Method and in Vitro Tests

In this study, supercritical fluid (SCF) technology is discussed in relation to biomaterial processing, especially the fabrication and processing of alloplastic bone graft. SCF offers excellent extraction properties for some compounds because of its favorable diffusivity, viscosity, zero surface tension, liquidlike density and solvating power, and other physical properties. The most desirable SCF solvent for extraction is supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO 2 ), which is nontoxic, nonflammable, inexpensive, friendly to mankind, and environmentally benign and has mild supercritical conditions (T c = 31.2 °C, P c = 7.386 MPa). For the porous structure of porcine vertebra with its content of lipids, proteins, and inorganic substances in the cells and intercellular matrix, SCCO 2 combined with ethanol or glutaraldehyde (GA) is used to prepare novel porcine-derived bone grafts in three supercritical settings and one subcritical condition for control comparison. The biocompatibility of these novel bone grafts was tested with human MG63 osteoblast-like cells and mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells by MTT assay. The results revealed that materials processed by SCCO 2 combined with both ethanol and GA were not cytotoxic and allowed the differentiation and proliferation of test cells. The good performances of these novel bone grafts can be explained by the characteristics of SCF. Applications of SCF in biomaterials are very promising for bone regeneration and tissue engineering. Additional advanced in vitro and in vivo studies must be performed in the future for optimization.
Android botnet detection: An integrated source code mining approach

Android is one of the most popular smartphone operating systems. This makes it one of the default targets for malicious cyber-attacks. Android's Play Store is not very restrictive which makes installing malicious apps easy. Botnets are amongst the most dangerous hacking approaches that are used nowadays on the internet. It is common for botnet developers to target smartphone users to install their malicious tools and target a larger number of devices. This is often done to gain access to sensitive data such as credit card details, or to cause damage to individual hosts or organisation resources by executing denial of service attacks. In this paper, we propose an approach to identify botnet Android mobile apps by means of source code mining. We analyse the source code via reverse engineering and data mining techniques for several examples of malicious and non-malicious apps. We use two approaches to build datasets. In the first, we perform text mining on the source code and construct several datasets and in the second we build one dataset by extracting source code metrics using an open-source tool. After building the datasets, we run several classification algorithms and assess their performance. Initial results show a high level of accuracy.
Colorectal Cancers with both p16 and p14 Methylation Show Invasive Characteristics

Recent studies indicated that p16 and p14 inactivation owing to promoter methylation was important for colorectal tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined the methylation status of these genes in 86 primary colorectal cancers using methylation‐specific PCR (MSP) and correlated the results with the clinicopathological features of the patients. Aberrant promoter methylation of p16 and p14 genes was detected in 43 of 86 (50%) and 25 of 86 (29%) colorectal cancers, respectively. Next, we examined the correlation of methylation status with the clinicopathological features. We found a significant difference in maximal tumor size (P=0.022) when patients with both p16 and p14 methylation were compared to other patients. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in other factors, such as the extent of tumor and Dukes stage. These results suggested that colorectal cancer with both p16 and p14 methylation has the same invasiveness at a smaller size compared to that of the cancer with neither p16 nor p14 methylation. Inactivation of both p16 and p14 genes may result in a malignant change in colorectal cancer cells, leading to advanced cancers with a smaller size than those with p16 or p14 activity.
An in-vivo experimental study of temperature elevations in animal tissue during magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia

In magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia in cancer treatment, the local blood perfusion rate and the amount of nanofluid delivered to the target region are important factors determining the temperature distribution in tissue. In this study, we evaluate the effects of these factors on the heating pattern and temperature elevations in the muscle tissue of rat hind limbs induced by intramuscular injections of magnetic nanoparticles during in vivo experiments. Temperature distribution in the vicinity of the injection site is measured inside the rat limb after the nanoparticle hyperthermia. The measured temperature elevations at the injection site are 3.5° ± 1.8°C and 6.02° ± 0.8°C above the measured body temperature, when the injection amount is 0.1 cc and 0.2 cc, respectively. The full width of half maximum (FWHM) of the temperature elevation, an index of heat transfer in the radial direction from the injection site is found to be approximately 31 mm for both injection amounts. The temperature measurements, together with the measured blood perfusion rate, ambient air temperature, and limb geometry, are used as inputs into an inverse heat transfer analysis for evaluation of the specific absorption rate (SAR) by the nanoparticles. It has been shown that the nanoparticles are more concentrated in the vicinity of the injection site when the injection amount is bigger. The current in vivo experimental studies have demonstrated the feasibility of elevating the tissue temperature above 43°C under the experimental protocol and equipment used in this study.
Social information trumps vegetation structure in breeding-site selection by a migrant songbird

To maximize fitness, organisms must assess and select suitable habitat. Early research studying birds suggested that organisms consider primarily vegetation structural cues in their habitat choices. We show that experimental exposure to singing in the post-breeding period provides a social cue that is used for habitat selection the following year by a migrant songbird, the black-throated blue warbler (Dendroica caerulescens). Our experimental social cues coerced individuals to adopt territories in areas of very poor habitat quality where individuals typically do not occur. This indicates that social information can override typical associations with vegetation structure. We demonstrate that a strong settlement response was elicited because post-breeding song at a site is highly correlated with reproductive success. These results constitute a previously undocumented, but highly parsimonious mechanism for the inadvertent transfer of reproductive (public) information from successful breeders to dispersers. We hypothesize that post-breeding song is a pervasive and reliable cue for species that communicate vocally, inhabit temporally autocorrelated environments, produce young asynchronously and/or abandon territories after reproductive failure.
Is prevention better than cure? A systematic review of the effectiveness of well-being interventions for military personnel adjusting to civilian life

Exposure to stressful and potentially traumatic experiences is a risk for military personnel and for some this may increase susceptibility to reduced well-being. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of interventions to promote the well-being of military personnel adjusting to civilian life. Electronic databases were searched including MEDLINE, Embase, HMIC, PsycINFO, Pilots and CINAHL. Twelve articles, all conducted in the USA, were included in the review. Articles were synthesised narratively and assessed for bias against established criteria. The studies evaluated the effectiveness of interventions for current and former military personnel. The interventions included expressive writing, anger management, cognitive training, psycho-education, and techniques to promote relaxation, connection in relationships and resilience. Interventions had some significant positive effects mostly for veterans adjusting to civilian life and other family members. There was much heterogeneity in the design and the outcome measures used in the studies reviewed. The review highlights the need for future robust trials examining the effectiveness of well-being interventions in military groups with diverse characteristics; in addition qualitative research to explore a conceptualisation of well-being for this group and the acceptability of interventions which may be perceived as treatment. The results of the review will be of interest to a number of stakeholders in military, public health and mental health settings. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42015026341
Area–Delay–Power Efficient Carry-Select Adder

In this brief, the logic operations involved in conventional carry select adder (CSLA) and binary to excess-1 converter (BEC)-based CSLA are analyzed to study the data dependence and to identify redundant logic operations. We have eliminated all the redundant logic operations present in the conventional CSLA and proposed a new logic formulation for CSLA. In the proposed scheme, the carry select (CS) operation is scheduled before the calculation of-final-sum, which is different from the conventional approach. Bit patterns of two anticipating carry words (corresponding to cin = 0 and 1) and fixed cin bits are used for logic optimization of CS and generation units. An efficient CSLA design is obtained using optimized logic units. The proposed CSLA design involves significantly less area and delay than the recently proposed BEC-based CSLA. Due to the small carry-output delay, the proposed CSLA design is a good candidate for square-root (SQRT) CSLA. A theoretical estimate shows that the proposed SQRT-CSLA involves nearly 35% less area-delay-product (ADP) than the BEC-based SQRT-CSLA, which is best among the existing SQRT-CSLA designs, on average, for different bit-widths. The application-specified integrated circuit (ASIC) synthesis result shows that the BEC-based SQRT-CSLA design involves 48% more ADP and consumes 50% more energy than the proposed SQRT-CSLA, on average, for different bit-widths.
Social cognitions measured in 4 to 6 year olds are predictive of objectively measured physical activity

Objective: This study tested whether social cognitions from the reasoned action approach (RAA) can be reliably measured in a sample of primary school children (aged 4–6 years) and whether these RAA measures are predictive of physical activity. Design: Longitudinal observational study with repeated measures over six months. Measures: RAA variables were measured using a novel choice paradigm between physically active and sedentary pastimes. Relative reinforcing value, covariates (sex, age, deprivation and BMI) and physical activity by accelerometry (primary outcome) were also measured. Results: RAA cognitions could be measured with acceptable retest reliability and discriminant validity and social norms regarding parents and teachers (but not friends) were correlated with physical activity and change in physical activity when relative reinforcing value and other covariates were controlled for. Conclusions: RAA cognitions can be reliably measured in primary school children aged 4–6 and RRA measures appear useful in understanding children’s activity choices and may potentially inform future interventions.
Lack of Allelic Preference in Amplification and Loss of the c‐myc Oncogene in Methylcholanthrene‐induced Mouse Sarcomas

Sarcomas were induced in Fl mice between C57BL/6N and C3H/He strains by subcutaneous injection of methylcholanthrene. The c‐myc oncogene was found to be amplified in 16 cases among 43 sarcomas of C57BL/6N × C3H/He mice and 1 case among 5 sarcomas of the reciprocal cross. The origin of the amplified allele was determined by the polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Among the 17 sarcomas, only one had both of the alleles amplified. The rest of the tumors carried the amplified c‐myc allele coming either from C57BL/6N (9 cases) or from C3H/He (8 cases). These results indicate that the c‐myc allele is amplified randomly in methylcholanthrene‐induced mouse sarcomas irrespective of its origin, such as paternal or maternal allele and C57BL/6N or C3H/He allele. In addition to these changes, the unamplified c‐myc oncogene was found to be lost in 12 cases out of the 17 sarcomas with the amplification.
Genetic Variation in the Human Brain Dopamine System Influences Motor Learning and Its Modulation by L-Dopa

Dopamine is important to learning and plasticity. Dopaminergic drugs are the focus of many therapies targeting the motor system, where high inter-individual differences in response are common. The current study examined the hypothesis that genetic variation in the dopamine system is associated with significant differences in motor learning, brain plasticity, and the effects of the dopamine precursor L-Dopa. Skilled motor learning and motor cortex plasticity were assessed using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design in 50 healthy adults during two study weeks, one with placebo and one with L-Dopa. The influence of five polymorphisms with established effects on dopamine neurotransmission was summed using a gene score, with higher scores corresponding to higher dopaminergic neurotransmission. Secondary hypotheses examined each polymorphism individually. While training on placebo, higher gene scores were associated with greater motor learning (p = .03). The effect of L-Dopa on learning varied with the gene score (gene score*drug interaction, p = .008): participants with lower gene scores, and thus lower endogenous dopaminergic neurotransmission, showed the largest learning improvement with L-Dopa relative to placebo (p<.0001), while L-Dopa had a detrimental effect in participants with higher gene scores (p = .01). Motor cortex plasticity, assessed via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), also showed a gene score*drug interaction (p = .02). Individually, DRD2/ANKK1 genotype was significantly associated with motor learning (p = .02) and its modulation by L-Dopa (p<.0001), but not with any TMS measures. However, none of the individual polymorphisms explained the full constellation of findings associated with the gene score. These results suggest that genetic variation in the dopamine system influences learning and its modulation by L-Dopa. A polygene score explains differences in L-Dopa effects on learning and plasticity most robustly, thus identifying distinct biological phenotypes with respect to L-Dopa effects on learning and plasticity. These findings may have clinical applications in post-stroke rehabilitation or the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Treatment of Gingival Hyperpigmentation by Diode Laser for Esthetical Purposes

BACKGROUND: Gingival hyperpigmentation is a common esthetical concern in patients with gummy smile or excessive gingival display. Laser ablation has been recognized recently as the most effective, pleasant and reliable technique. It has the advantage of easy handling, short treatment time, hemostasis, decontamination, and sterilization effect. AIM: In the present study we wanted to explore the efficacy of a 980 nm wavelength diode laser in gingival depigmentation clinically by using both VAS and digital imaging method as means of assessment. METHODS: Diode laser ablation was done for 15 patients who requested cosmetic therapy for melanin pigmented gums. The laser beam delivered by fiberoptic with a diameter of 320 µm, the diode laser system has 980 nm wave lengths and 3 W irradiation powers, in a continuous contact mode in all cases, the entire surface of each pigmented maxillary and mandibular gingiva that required treatment was irradiated in a single session. Clinical examination and digital image analysis were done and the patients were followed up for 3 successive months. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant change in prevalence of bleeding after treatment, as none of the cases showed any signs of bleeding 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after ablation. No statistically significant change was observed in the prevalence of swelling after treatment The VAS evaluation demonstrated that only 4 patients complained of mild pain immediately after the procedure. No pain was perceived from the patients in the rest of the follow up period. There was no statistically significant change in prevalence of pain immediately after treatment compared to pain during treatment. There was a decrease in cases with mild pain after 1 week, 1 month as well as 3 months compared to pain during treatment and immediately after treatment. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the use of diode laser was shown to be a safe and effective treatment modality that provides optimal aesthetics with minimal discomfort in patients with gingival hyperpigmentation.
Dual Use of Power Lines for Design-for-Testability—A CMOS Receiver Design

As the circuit complexity increases, the number of internal nodes increases proportionally, and individual internal nodes are less accessible due to the limited number of available I/O pins. To address the problem, we proposed power line communications (PLCs) at the IC level, specifically the dual use of power pins and power distribution networks for application/ observation of test data as well as delivery of power. A PLC receiver presented in this paper intends to demonstrate the proof of concept, specifically the transmission of data through power lines. The main design objective of the proposed PLC receiver is the robust operation under variations and droops of the supply voltage rather than high data speed. The PLC receiver is designed and fabricated in CMOS 0.18-μm technology under a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The measurement results show that the receiver can tolerate a voltage drop of up to 0.423 V for a data rate of 10 Mb/s. The power dissipation of the receiver is 3.26 mW under 1.8 V supply, and the core area of the receiver is 74. 9μm × 72.2 μm.
Toward the Unaided Estimation of Human Walking Speed Based on Sparse Modeling

The ability to track people’s movement (e.g., the human walking) is an important topic of interest in numerous research areas. State-of-the-art systems based on, e.g., dead reckoning, usually do not need any additional infrastructure. The disadvantage of the method is the poor accuracy because of measurement noises. The typical approach to noise cancellation is zero-velocity update (ZUPT). The method takes advantages of the cyclical nature of human walking. Thus some limitations of the ZUPT approach we propose the novel method based on transient artifact reduction algorithm (TARA) to mitigate these errors by noise estimation. TARA is the novel approach to estimate the low-frequency components in the signals by applying the concept of sparse optimization. The proposed algorithm was validated on synthetic and real signals. The tests for synthetic signals were performed for pulse signals with noise characterized by the Hurst exponent. In real signals studies, we applied the signals from three different data sets that were prepared to test the algorithm to human walking estimation. We found that TARA can estimate the underlying noise in the dead-reckoning-based systems. The results show that the TARA method can be used to improve the accuracy of human walking speed estimation as an alternative to the state-of-the-art method such as ZUPT. The results prove to be the important step toward unaided estimation of human walking velocity based on dead-reckoning technique.