Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating location predictors with extensive Wi-Fi mobility data

Location is an important feature for many applications, and wireless networks can better serve their clients by anticipating client mobility. As a result, many location predictors have been proposed in the literature, though few have been evaluated with empirical evidence. This paper reports on the results of the first extensive empirical evaluation of location predictors, using a two-year trace of the mobility patterns of over 6,000 users on Dartmouth's campus-wide Wi-Fi wireless network. We implemented and compared the prediction accuracy of several location predictors drawn from two major families of domain-independent predictors, namely Markov-based and compression-based predictors. We found that low-order Markov predictors performed as well or better than the more complex and more space-consuming compression-based predictors. Predictors of both families fail to make a prediction when the recent context has not been previously seen. To overcome this drawback, we added a simple fallback feature to each predictor and found that it significantly enhanced its accuracy in exchange for modest effort. Thus the Order-2 Markov predictor with fallback was the best predictor we studied, obtaining a median accuracy of about 72% for users with long trace lengths. We also investigated a simplification of the Markov predictors, where the prediction is based not on the most frequently seen context in the past, but the most recent, resulting in significant space and computational savings. We found that Markov predictors with this recency semantics can rival the accuracy of standard Markov predictors in some cases. Finally, we considered several seemingly obvious enhancements, such as smarter tie-breaking and aging of context information, and discovered that they had little effect on accuracy. The paper ends with a discussion and suggestions for further work.
The QKI-5 and QKI-6 RNA Binding Proteins Regulate the Expression of MicroRNA 7 in Glial Cells

ABSTRACT The quaking (qkI) gene encodes 3 major alternatively spliced isoforms that contain unique sequences at their C termini dictating their cellular localization. QKI-5 is predominantly nuclear, whereas QKI-6 is distributed throughout the cell and QKI-7 is cytoplasmic. The QKI isoforms are sequence-specific RNA binding proteins expressed mainly in glial cells modulating RNA splicing, export, and stability. Herein, we identify a new role for the QKI proteins in the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) processing. We observed that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated QKI depletion of U343 glioblastoma cells leads to a robust increase in miR-7 expression. The processing from primary to mature miR-7 was inhibited in the presence QKI-5 and QKI-6 but not QKI-7, suggesting that the nuclear localization plays an important role in the regulation of miR-7 expression. The primary miR-7-1 was bound by the QKI isoforms in a QKI response element (QRE)-specific manner. We observed that the pri-miR-7-1 RNA was tightly bound to Drosha in the presence of the QKI isoforms, and this association was not observed in siRNA-mediated QKI or Drosha-depleted U343 glioblastoma cells. Moreover, the presence of the QKI isoforms led to an increase presence of pri-miR-7 in nuclear foci, suggesting that pri-miR-7-1 is retained in the nucleus by the QKI isoforms. miR-7 is known to target the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR), and indeed, QKI-deficient U343 cells had reduced EGFR expression and decreased ERK activation in response to EGF. Elevated levels of miR-7 are associated with cell cycle arrest, and it was observed that QKI-deficient U343 that harbor elevated levels of miR-7 exhibited defects in cell proliferation that were partially rescued by the addition of a miR-7 inhibitor. These findings suggest that the QKI isoforms regulate glial cell function and proliferation by regulating the processing of certain miRNAs.
Effect of Induced Erythrocythemia on Aerobic Capacity, Ventilatory Threshold, and Run Performance

Abstract : Document the effects of induced erythrocythemia upon aerobic capacity (VO2max) ventilatory threshold (VT), and aerobic performance (3-mile track run, 3MT). Six trained male distance runners (age = 34.8 +/- 5 yr, hematocrit Hct = 39.6 +/- 1.8%, VO2max= 4.10 +/- 0.56 L O2 min-1), received two infusion treatments in a double-blind, counterbalanced study. (BT) 760 mL autologous resuspended red blood cells (Hct =43.5%) and (ST) 250 mL isotonic saline were administered 7 days apart.
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis cleaves single strand DNA within the human c-myc promoter in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

The reason for secretion of nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NdK), an enzyme involved in maintaining the cellular pool of nucleoside triphosphates in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is intriguing. We recently observed that NdK from M.tuberculosis (mNdK) localizes within nuclei of HeLa and COS-1 cells and also nicks chromosomal DNA in situ (A. K. Saini, K. Maithal, P. Chand, S. Chowdhury, R. Vohra, A. Goyal, G. P. Dubey, P. Chopra, R. Chandra, A. K. Tyagi, Y. Singh and V. Tandon (2004) J. Biol. Chem., 279, 50142–50149). In the current study, using a molecular beacon approach, we demonstrate that the mNdK catalyzes the cleavage of single strand DNA. It displays Michaelis–Menten kinetics with a kcat/KM of 9.65 (±0.88) × 106 M−1 s−1. High affinity (Kd ≈ KM of ∼66 nM) and sequence-specific binding to the sense strand of the nuclease hypersensitive region in the c-myc promoter was observed. This is the first study demonstrating that the cleavage reaction is also enzyme-catalyzed in addition to the enzymatic kinase activity of multifunctional NdK. Using our approach, we demonstrate that GDP competitively inhibits the nuclease activity with a KI of ∼1.9 mM. Recent evidence implicates mNdK as a potent virulence factor in tuberculosis owing to its DNase-like activity. In this context, our results demonstrate a molecular mechanism that could be the basis for assessing in situ DNA damage by secretory mNdK.
Power System Dynamics as Primal-Dual Algorithm for Optimal Load Control

We formulate an optimal load control (OLC) problem in power networks where the objective is to minimize the aggregate cost of tracking an operating point subject to power balance over the network. We prove that the swing dynamics and the branch power flows, coupled with frequency-based load control, serve as a distributed primal-dual algorithm to solve OLC. Even though the system has multiple equilibrium points, we prove that it nonetheless converges to an optimal point. This result implies that the local frequency deviations at each bus convey exactly the right information about the global power imbalance for the loads to make individual decisions that turn out to be globally optimal. It allows a completely decentralized solution without explicit communication among the buses. Simulations show that the proposed OLC mechanism can resynchronize bus frequencies with significantly improved transient performance.
Delayed processing of dihydrofolate reductase heterogeneous nuclear RNA in amino acid-starved mouse fibroblasts

We have studied the metabolism of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) RNA in cells synchronized in the G1 phase of the cell cycle by starvation for isoleucine and glutamine. The relative content and stability of DHFR mRNA and the relative rate of transcription of the DHFR gene are similar in starved and exponentially growing cells. However, the relative rate of labeling of DHFR mRNA is about three times lower in starved cells than in exponentially growing cells. When the starved cells are stimulated to reenter the cell cycle by feeding them with complete medium, the relative rate of labeling of DHFR mRNA increases about fourfold within 6 h. However, the relative rate of transcription of the DHFR gene changes very little during this period. Continuous labeling experiments show that starved cells convert DHFR heterogeneous nuclear RNA into cytoplasmic DHFR mRNA much more slowly than serum-limited or exponentially growing cells. Pulse-chase experiments show that DHFR mRNA sequences contained in DHFR heterogeneous nuclear RNA appear to be conserved in starved cells. In addition, the content of DHFR RNA sequences in the nuclei of starved cells is about three times greater than that in exponentially growing cells. Delayed processing of DHFR heterogeneous nuclear RNA is also observed when exponentially growing cells are treated with inhibitors of protein synthesis. Our results suggest that, although delayed processing leads to a decrease in the initial labeling rate of DHFR mRNA, it does not result in a decrease in the actual rate of production of the message.
P-FRP task scheduling: A survey

Functional Reactive Programming (FRP) is a declarative approach for modeling and building reactive systems. The FRP has been shown to be an expressive formalism for building graphics, robotic, and vision applications. The Priority-based FRP (P-FRP) is a formalism of FRP that allows preemption of execution and guarantees real-time response. Since functional programs cannot maintain state and mutable data, changes made by programs that are preempted have to be rolled back, and the work done by the preempted programs has to be discarded. Hence in the P-FRP model, a preempted lower priority task will have to restart after higher priority tasks have completed execution. Current real-time research mainly focuses on the classic preemptive or non-preemptive models and plenty methods have been developed to analyze the real-time guarantees of these models. Unfortunately, due to its transactional nature where preempted tasks are aborted and have to restart, the execution semantics of the P-FRP model does not fit into the standard definitions of classic preemptive or non-preemptive execution. In this survey paper, we review existing researches on the P-FRP task scheduling, and present a few research areas for future work.
Aligning business goals and user goals by engineering hedonic quality

The following paper deals with quality properties that extend the traditional understanding of usability with its focus on the pragmatic aspects like efficiency and effectiveness on task performance in the context of business applications. The contribution of the approach is tow folded. First: We show how psychological theories about motivation and creativity can bridge the gap between business goals and users' goals and attitude with interaction design. We introduce an engineering approach that allows to deliberately design for fun/joy in a given business context. Second: We show how to reuse the experience from former or other projects by describing the interaction design as pattern candidates. This approach has been applied successfully many times and we elaborate it in a case study conducted for one of our clients, including an empirical evaluation that shows an improved working behavior and increased user acceptance of the software.
We Think, Therefore They Are? On Occidentalizing the World

Providing a defense of the importance of ethnography in the face of recent criticisms of anthropological representation, this article addresses the question of what difference it makes if we get the "other" wrong. In particular, the limitations are considered of several feminist-inspired discussions of what we can learn from the "other" that will help us lead better lives. These discussions, especially those focused on the analysis of texts, are shown to have the politically significant implication of rendering essentially irrelevant to us the lives that actual-non-generic-others in fact lead. In so doing, they curtail our understanding of the sociohistorical processes which indeed articulate between, and mutually shape, their lives and ours in a world system. The disjunction thereby created between us and them contributes to a mutual distortion-an Occidentalizing of us comparable to an Orientalizing of them. [occidentalism, textuality, feminist anthropology, postmodernism, world systems]
On the walking control for humanoid robot based on the kinematic resolution of CoM Jacobian with embedded motion

This paper proposes the walking pattern generation method, the kinematic resolution method of CoM (center of mass) Jacobian with an embedded motion, and the walking controller design method for humanoid robots. First, the walking pattern is generated using the simplified model for bipedal robot. Second, the kinematic resolution of CoM Jacobian with embedded motion makes a humanoid robot balanced automatically during the movement of the all other limbs. Actually, it offers the ability of whole body coordination to the humanoid robot. Third, the walking controller is composed of the CoM controller minus the ZMP (zero momentum position) controller. Also, we show that the proposed walking controller brings the disturbance input-to-state stability (ISS) for the simplified bipedal walking robot model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed kinematic resolution method and walking controller is shown through experiments in regard to humanoid robot dancing and walking
Extracellular Vesicles from Bone Marrow‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Survival from Lethal Hepatic Failure in Mice

Stem cell‐based therapies have potential for treatment of liver injury by contributing to regenerative responses, through functional tissue replacement or paracrine effects. The release of extracellular vesicles (EV) from cells has been implicated in intercellular communication, and may contribute to beneficial paracrine effects of stem cell‐based therapies. Therapeutic effects of bone‐marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and vesicles released by these cells were examined in a lethal murine model of hepatic failure induced by d‐galactosamine/tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α). Systemically administered EV derived from MSC accumulated within the injured liver following systemic administration, reduced hepatic injury, and modulated cytokine expression. Moreover, survival was dramatically increased by EV derived from either murine or human MSC. Similar results were observed with the use of cryopreserved mMSC‐EV after 3 months. Y‐RNA‐1 was identified as a highly enriched noncoding RNA within hMSC‐EV compared to cells of origin. Moreover, siRNA mediated knockdown of Y‐RNA‐1 reduced the protective effects of MSC‐EV on TNF‐α/ActD‐mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in vitro. These data support a critical role for MSC‐derived EV in mediating reparative responses following hepatic injury, and provide compelling evidence to support the therapeutic use of MSC‐derived EV in fulminant hepatic failure. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1262–1272
Staying with the Metaphor: Applying Reality Therapy’s Use of Metaphors to Grief Counseling

ABSTRACT Facilitating loss adaptation and meaning making are important but difficult tasks in grief counseling. In this article, we propose the reality theory approach of staying with the client’s metaphor to address these concerns. Because metaphors are often ubiquitous in client speech, this article details instructions to use to stay with those metaphors and draw out the potential therein for further loss adaptation and meaning making for grieving clients. Staying with the metaphor offers grieving clients opportunities to deepen self-awareness and strengthen connections with loved ones. We offer case examples that make use of client- and counselor-generated metaphors for both death-related and nondeath losses that appear in grief counseling.
Reinnervation of the Biceps Brachii Muscle Following Cotransplantation of Fetal Spinal Cord and Autologous Peripheral Nerve into the Injured Cervical Spinal Cord of the Adult Rat

In order to compensate the loss of motoneurons resulting from severe spinal cord injury and to reestablish peripheral motor connectivity, solid pieces of fetal spinal cord, taken from embryonic day 14 rat embryos, were transplanted into unilateral aspiration lesions of the cervical spinal cord of adult rats. Concomitantly, one end of a 3.5-cm autologous peripheral nerve graft was put in close contact with the embryonic graft; the other end was sutured to the distal stump of the musculocutaneous nerve which innervate the biceps brachii muscle. The animals were examined 3 and 6 months after surgery. Following intramuscular injection of horseradish peroxidase, retrograde axonal labeling studies indicated that both transplanted and host spinal neurons were able to extend axons all the way through the peripheral nerve graft and nerve stump, up to the reconnected muscles. The labeled cells in the transplant were generally observed close to the intraspinal tip of the peripheral nerve graft. Retrograde axonal tracing, as well as electrophysiological and histological data, demonstrated the sensory and motor reinnervation of the reconnected muscles. This muscular reinnervation was able to reverse the atrophic changes observed in the denervated muscle. In control experiments, the extraspinal end of the peripheral nerve graft was ligatured in order to compare the differentiation of the transplanted neurons and the survival of their growing axons with or without their muscular targets. Six months after both types of surgery, large-size grafted neurons, identified as motoneurons by immunocytochemistry for peripherine and calcitonin gene-related peptide, were only observed in fetal spinal cord transplants which were connected to denervated muscles, thus demonstrating the trophic influence of the muscle target on the survival and differentiation of the transplanted neurons and on the maintenance of the axons they had grown into the peripheral nerve graft.
Improved low power full scan BIST

This paper proposes a low power scan-based BIST scheme that can reduce test length and switching activity in CUT without compromising fault coverage. The proposed scheme aims at improving test quality and power dissipation by combining some solutions available in the literature. It combines test-per-clock and test-per-scan test application methods, uses two functional lengths during scan, and a low transition random test pattern generator (LT-RTPG) as TPG. Experimental results on ISCAS89 benchmark circuits demonstrate that the proposed scheme reaches the desired fault coverage with significantly shorter test length while maintaining transition reduction.
Automatic Sanskrit Segmentizer Using Finite State Transducers

In this paper, we propose a novel method for automatic segmentation of a Sanskrit string into different words. The input for our segmentizer is a Sanskrit string either encoded as a Unicode string or as a Roman transliterated string and the output is a set of possible splits with weights associated with each of them. We followed two different approaches to segment a Sanskrit text using sandhi rules extracted from a parallel corpus of manually sandhi split text. While the first approach augments the finite state transducer used to analyze Sanskrit morphology and traverse it to segment a word, the second approach generates all possible segmentations and validates each constituent using a morph analyzer.
An Evaluation of Alternative Insecticides to Diazinon for Control of Tephritid Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Soil

ABSTRACT Diazinon has been used extensively in the past as part of California eradication programs for tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) as a soil drench, but it is being phased out for this purpose in the United States. Therefore, in this study, the toxicity of Platinum, Force, Admire, Regent, and Warrior was estimated after application to sand and soil as drenches for control of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann); melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett); and oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), in Hawaii. Susceptibility of each species differed. In sand, the order of toxicity at LC50 based on the 95% confidence limit overlap approach for C. capitata from most toxic to least toxic was diazinon > Force = Warrior > Admire = Platinum > Regent. The order of toxicity for B. dorsalis was diazinon > Platinum = Warrior = Force > Regent = Admire. The order of toxicity for B. cucurbitae was Warrior = diazinon > Force = Regent = Platinum = Admire. Based on the dose ratio method, Warrior was not significantly different at LC50 than diazinon for B. cucurbitae only. All other insecticides were significantly different from diazinon at LC50. Studies in sand were followed by an evaluation of specific concentrations of Warrior and Force in soil collected from two sites on the island of Kauai. Average concentrations that caused at least 95% mortality in soil in all three fruit fly species were 121 g active ingredient (AI)/ha for Force and 363 g (AI)/ha for Warrior compared with 182 g (AI)/ha for diazinon. These results indicate that Force and Warrior could be used as soil treatments for control of tephritid fruit flies.
Effective CAPTCHA with Amodal Completion and Aftereffects by Complementary Colors and Difference of Luminance

We propose an effective CAPTCHA with amodal completion and aftereffects and improve it by applying complementary colors and difference of luminance. CAPTCHA is a method which distinguishes human beings from artificial intelligence which is usually called bots on Internet. Bots acquire accounts of web services for unfair uses such as stealth marketing or SPAM attacks. That is, CAPTCHA is a countermeasure against those attacks. The most popular kind of CAPTCHA methods is text-based CAPTCHA in which distorted alphabets and numbers appear with obstacles or noise. However, it is known that all of text-based CAPTCHA algorithms can be analyzed by computers. In addition, too much distortion or noise prevents human beings from alphabets or numbers. There are other kinds of CAPTCHA methods such as image CAPTCHA and audio CAPTCHA. However, they also have problems in use. As a related work, an effective text-based CAPTCHA algorithm with amodal completion was proposed. The CAPTCHA provides computers a large amount of calculation cost while amodal completion helps human beings to recognize characters momentarily. On the other hand, extreme concentration is required for momentary recognition. The CAPTCHA is once improved in our laboratory. Aftereffects are additionally combined with the CAPTCHA algorithm. Moreover, in this paper, we add colors to the algorithm with considering combinations of complementary colors and those of luminance. The aftereffects extend time for recognition of characters from a moment to several seconds.