Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HOIL-1L functions as the PKCζ ubiquitin ligase to promote lung tumor growth.

RATIONALE Protein kinase C zeta (PKCζ) has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor. Deletion of PKCζ in experimental cancer models has been shown to increase tumor growth. However, the mechanisms of PKCζ down-regulation in cancerous cells have not been previously described. OBJECTIVES To determine the molecular mechanisms that lead to decreased PKCζ expression and thus increased survival in cancer cells and tumor growth. METHODS The levels of expression of heme-oxidized IRP2 ubiquitin ligase 1L (HOIL-1L), HOIL-1-interacting protein (HOIP), Shank-associated RH domain-interacting protein (SHARPIN), and PKCζ were analyzed by Western blot and/or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in different cell lines. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments were used to demonstrate the interaction between HOIL-1L and PKCζ. Ubiquitination was measured in an in vitro ubiquitination assay and by Western blot with specific antibodies. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) was determined by gain/loss-of-function experiments. The effect of HOIL-1L expression on cell death was investigated using RNA interference approaches in vitro and on tumor growth in mice models. Increased HOIL-1L and decreased PKCζ expression was assessed in lung adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma multiforme and documented in several other cancer types by oncogenomic analysis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Hypoxia is a hallmark of rapidly growing solid tumors. We found that during hypoxia, PKCζ is ubiquitinated and degraded via the ubiquitin ligase HOIL-1L, a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC). In vitro ubiquitination assays indicate that HOIL-1L ubiquitinates PKCζ at Lys-48, targeting it for proteasomal degradation. In a xenograft tumor model and lung cancer model, we found that silencing of HOIL-1L increased the abundance of PKCζ and decreased the size of tumors, suggesting that lower levels of HOIL-1L promote survival. Indeed, mRNA transcript levels of HOIL-1L were elevated in tumor of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and in a lung adenocarcinoma tissue microarray the levels of HOIL-1L were associated with high-grade tumors. Moreover, we found that HOIL-1L expression was regulated by HIFs. Interestingly, the actions of HOIL-1L were independent of LUBAC. CONCLUSIONS These data provide first evidence of a mechanism of cancer cell adaptation to hypoxia where HIFs regulate HOIL-1L, which targets PKCζ for degradation to promote tumor survival. We provided a proof of concept that silencing of HOIL-1L impairs lung tumor growth and that HOIL-1L expression predicts survival rate in cancer patients suggesting that HOIL-1L is an attractive target for cancer therapy.
“ my datE can call mE sWEEt , bUt my collEagUE can ’ t ” mEta-stErEotyPic bEhavioral intEntions as a fUnction of contEXt and liking of thE oUtgroUP

In two experiments we examined the influence of meta-stereotypes (beliefs regarding stereotypes that the outgroup has about one’s ingroup) in different contexts. In Study 1, we demonstrated that women have the same meta-stereotype about men in dating and work contexts, but experience the meta-stereotype as more positive when dating men, rather than when working together with men. In Study 2, we showed that women intended to behave meta-stereotypically when they liked the man they were going to meet and when the meta-stereotype was experienced as positive (i.e., when women were on a date, rather than at work). meta-stereotyping mediated this effect, such that liking led to more meta-stereotyping, which in the date context, but not in the work context, increased meta-stereotypic behavioral intentions. Together, these findings show that the valence of a meta-stereotype varies across contexts, which elicits different behavioral intentions as a function of liking of the outgroup.
A Comparative Study on the Learning Experiences and Learning Style Preferences of Thai and British Postgraduate Students at a United Kingdom University

As a consequence of globalisation, higher education in the United Kingdom has witnessed an increased demand in international education at the postgraduate level among foreign and domestic students. This research compares learning experiences and learning style preferences among Thai and British postgraduate students in the United Kingdom. Respondents included three British and three Thai Master's students who began their studies in September 2011. Data were collected through semi-structure interviews conducted in English and Thai as appropriate. The findings demonstrate that learning experiences and learning style preferences differ between British and Thai students; and the cultural background of the interviewees influenced their learning styles, preferences and experiences at the university. Independent learning was disclosed as the most significant skill characterised by British participants, and this attribute was acquired from their educational background. In contrast, the study found that Thai participants were lacking in this area, and this was attributed to Thai culture, which values teachers as the centre of the class (i.e., a teacher-oriented classroom). Therein, Thai participants were not akin to individual learning practices and focused their attention mainly on the information presented in the classroom. As a result, preparing individual assignments were new and challenging experiences for Thai students. Implications of the study indicate the need for improved UK postgraduate provisions in order to better understand the learning styles and needs of students from the two nations included in this study. The research suggests that learning environments and students' learning styles can adapt according to the needs and preferences of universities and students alike.
Determinants of livelihood diversification among rural households in Kwara State , Nigeria

Article Type: Full Length Research Article The study presented empirical findings on the factors determining livelihood diversification among rural households in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study used multistage random sampling techniques and data were collected using wellstructured questionnaire administered on a total sample of 132 households for the analysis. Distributive statistics, Herfindahl index and Tobit regression model were used to analyse the data. Most of the respondents are males. About 68.9% were married with the average age of 41.15%. The study showed that 68.9% of the respondents were married. Respondents who engaged in livelihood diversification had different household sizes; the majority of the respondents (66.7%) had a household ranging from 1‒5 with a mean household size of 5. The result further showed that 62.12% of the respondents moderately diversify their means of livelihood, while 34.85% did not diversify. Gender, marital status, poverty status, primary occupation and membership of association were significant factors that influenced livelihood diversification of the rural households in the study area. Therefore, there is need to sensitize rural households to diversify their income source in other to improve their livelihood. ©2017 BluePen Journals Ltd. All rights reserved
Experimental replacement of an obligate insect symbiont

Significance In many invertebrates, development depends on obligate bacterial symbionts that are confined to specialized host cells and are transmitted directly from mother to progeny. A primary model for this kind of symbiosis is the Buchnera/pea aphid association, which has been maintained for more than 100 million years through strict maternal transmission. The intimacy of this symbiosis has thwarted experiments aimed at dissecting how symbiont and host genotypes contribute to overall phenotype and ecological tolerances. Using a selectable Buchnera phenotype combined with microinjection, we successfully replaced Buchnera within a matriline, thus generating matrilines with identical aphid genotypes but distinct Buchnera genotypes. Buchnera replacement dramatically increased heat tolerance of the aphid matriline, demonstrating directly that symbiont genotype can affect host ecology. Symbiosis, the close association of unrelated organisms, has been pivotal in biological diversification. In the obligate symbioses found in many insect hosts, organisms that were once independent are permanently and intimately associated, resulting in expanded ecological capabilities. The primary model for this kind of symbiosis is the association between the bacterium Buchnera and the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum). A longstanding obstacle to efforts to illuminate genetic changes underlying obligate symbioses has been the inability to experimentally disrupt and reconstitute symbiont–host partnerships. Our experiments show that Buchnera can be experimentally transferred between aphid matrilines and, furthermore, that Buchnera replacement has a massive effect on host fitness. Using a recipient pea aphid matriline containing Buchnera that are heat sensitive because of an allele eliminating the heat shock response of a small chaperone, we reduced native Buchnera through heat exposure and introduced a genetically distinct Buchnera from another matriline, achieving complete replacement and stable inheritance. This transfer disrupted 100 million years (∼1 billion generations) of continuous maternal transmission of Buchnera in its host aphids. Furthermore, aphids with the Buchnera replacement enjoyed a dramatic increase in heat tolerance, directly demonstrating a strong effect of symbiont genotype on host ecology.
Neural fraud detection in credit card operations

This paper presents an online system for fraud detection of credit card operations based on a neural classifier. Since it is installed in a transactional hub for operation distribution, and not on a card-issuing institution, it acts solely on the information of the operation to be rated and of its immediate previous history, and not on historic databases of past cardholder activities. Among the main characteristics of credit card traffic are the great imbalance between proper and fraudulent operations, and a great degree of mixing between both. To ensure proper model construction, a nonlinear version of Fisher's discriminant analysis, which adequately separates a good proportion of fraudulent operations away from other closer to normal traffic, has been used. The system is fully operational and currently handles more than 12 million operations per year with very satisfactory results.
Surface Position, Not Signaling from Surrounding Maternal Tissues, Specifies Aleurone Epidermal Cell Fate in Maize[OA]

Maize (Zea mays) endosperm consists of an epidermal-like surface layer of aleurone cells, an underlying body of starchy endosperm cells, and a basal layer of transfer cells. To determine whether surrounding maternal tissues perform a role in specifying endosperm cell fates, a maize endosperm organ culture technique was established whereby the developing endosperm is completely removed from surrounding maternal tissues. Using cell type-specific fluorescence markers, we show that aleurone cell fate specification occurs exclusively in response to surface position and does not require specific, continued maternal signal input. The starchy endosperm and aleurone cell fates are freely interchangeable throughout the lifespan of the endosperm, with internalized aleurone cells converting to starchy endosperm cells and with starchy endosperm cells that become positioned at the surface converting to aleurone cells. In contrast to aleurone and starchy endosperm cells, transfer cells fail to develop in in vitro-grown endosperm, supporting earlier indications that maternal tissue interaction is required to fully differentiate this cell type. Several parameters confirm that the maize endosperm organ cultures described herein retain the main developmental features of in planta endosperm, including fidelity of aleurone mutant phenotypes, temporal and spatial control of cell type-specific fluorescent markers, specificity of cell type transcripts, and control of mitotic cell divisions.
Life cycle management of concrete structures with respect to reinforcement corrosion and concrete deterioration Part I : birth certificate

On the background of scarce public resources, life cycle management of infrastructure systems has gained increasing importance. This paper presents the core components of a state-of-the-art life cycle management system for newly-completed structures. A service life design is one of the key elements. Depending on the governing deterioration mechanisms, it can be carried out on different levels of detail. Quality control tools during construction and after completion allow for an assessment of the actual quality of the structure. The results of the design and construction stage are then summarized in a so-called birth certificate which forms the basis for future inspection and maintenance planning. The use of monitoring data gathered during the use of the structure to update the original service life design is demonstrated in part II of this paper.
The Influence of Phase Transposing on Double Circuit Overhead Power Line Magnetic Field

The paper presents the Finite element analysis of the magnetic field around a 110 KV, double circuit overhead power line for different phase arrangements. The magnetic field distribution and strength have been evaluated in each case, the results demonstrating that the phase-sequence orientation is an important factor that influences the electromagnetic field distribution around the transmission line and some recommendations for transposed and untransposed phasing overhead power lines were outlined. Also some aspects concerning the human exposure are pointed, using the same computer based simulation on a simplified model of body. Key-Words: Electromagnetic compatibility, Overhead power lines, Electromagnetic fields, Finite element method, Human exposure.
Electromagnetic Interferometry by multi-dimensional deconvolution applied to diffusive controlled-source exploration

Introduction Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) can be used to identify potential oil or gas reservoirs previously mapped with seismics. In the marine application of CSEM, a boat tows a source in the ocean over an array of receivers situated at the ocean bottom. The source emits an electromagnetic field in the low frequency range. In our synthetic example the frequency is 0.5 Hz. The receivers record horizontal components of the resulting diffusive electromagnetic (EM) field as a function of offset from the source position. A reservoir forms a high resistivity zone which leaves an imprint on the recorded response. Besides the measurements above an expected reservoir, a reference measurement is taken in a region where no reservoir is expected. A difference between the two measurements at intermediate offsets indicates the presence of a reservoir. Figure 1 shows synthetically modeled data of a typical CSEM measurement above a layered earth structure. This technique is often also referred to as Sea Bed Logging (SBL).
Virtual tours across different media in DramaTour project

In recent times, human-computer interaction and information presentation have evolved towards sophisticated approaches that involve multi-modal aspects and character-based mediation. This paper presents the application of the DramaTour methodology to the design and implementation of a guided tour for an historical site across different media. The Dramatour methodology is based on a dramatization of the exposition in two respects. On the one side, the author plots a character’s monologue that exhibits an engaging inner conflict; on the other side, the system architecture dynamically assembles the elementary units of the plot scripted by the author by implementing a tension between contrasting presentation styles.
An Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Performance for Forced Convection of Water in a Horizontal pipe partially filled with a Porous Medium

In this paper, heat transfer in porous media under forced convection of water flow has been studied experimentally. A total of 36 sets of heat transfer experiments by varying the porosity, area and position have been conducted. cycle averaged local nusselt numbers and pressure drop are obtained by measuring the bulk temperature and pressure at the inlet and outlet cross sections. The porous inserts’ used in this study is made of packed steel balls. The primary purpose of conducting this experiment was to find out how the Nusselt number varies with porosity, area and position. Maximum Augmentation in heat transfer with minimum pressure drop was observed for core of diameter 55mm with porosity 0.44 which was around 4.6 times higher as compared to clear flow case where no porous materials are used. On calculations, the 43.5mm diameter core insert with 0.45 porosity (6.35mm steel balls) had a ∆P/Nu value equal to 159.14 N\m 2 . This was the least ∆P/Nu value of all the different combinations of area, porous insert design and porosity
Voltage Dip Rating Reduction Based Optimal Location of DVR for Reliability Improvement of Electrical Distribution System

This paper presents a new method to reliability improvement of distribution system by optimal sizing and placement of Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) based on reducing the number of sagged bus and outage load. The PSO based approach is used to solve the DVR optimization problem with considering capital cost of DVR installation and interruption costs due to interruption of loads in sensitive point. In this paper using ETAP software, with considering the three phase fault, the worst point that leads to the propagation of voltage sags to most number of system buses, is investigated and located. Simulation results show that the proposed method is efficient and feasible for improving the system reliability level by reducing the number of sagged bus and load outages and momentary interruptions. Finally in this paper, after optimal location of DVR, the reliability improvement is investigated through expected energy not supplied (EENS) index, average system interruption frequency index (ASIFI) and the momentary average interruption frequency index (MAIFI). key word: Dynamic Voltage Restorer, Particle swarm optimization, Reliability, Voltage sag,
Circadian Autodephosphorylation of Cyanobacterial Clock Protein KaiC Occurs via Formation of ATP as Intermediate*

Background: The autodephosphorylation mechanism of the KaiC autokinase/autophosphatase is currently unknown. Results: ATP was transiently formed during autodephosphorylation prior to the formation of Pi. Conclusion: Autodephosphorylation occurs through the reversal of autophosphorylation, followed by hydrolysis of an ATP intermediate. Significance: This mechanism is completely different from that of Ser/Thr and Tyr-specific protein phosphatases. The cyanobacterial circadian oscillator can be reconstituted in vitro; mixing three clock proteins (KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC) with ATP results in an oscillation of KaiC phosphorylation with a periodicity of ∼24 h. The hexameric ATPase KaiC hydrolyzes ATP bound at subunit interfaces. KaiC also exhibits autokinase and autophosphatase activities, the latter of which is particularly noteworthy because KaiC is phylogenetically distinct from typical protein phosphatases. To examine this activity, we performed autodephosphorylation assays using 32P-labeled KaiC. The residual radioactive ATP bound to subunit interfaces was removed using a newly established method, which included the dissociation of KaiC hexamers into monomers and the reconstitution of KaiC hexamers with nonradioactive ATP. This approach ensured that only the signals derived from 32P-labeled KaiC were examined. We detected the transient formation of [32P]ATP preceding the accumulation of 32Pi. Together with kinetic analyses, our data demonstrate that KaiC undergoes dephosphorylation via a mechanism that differs from those of conventional protein phosphatases. A phosphate group at a phosphorylation site is first transferred to KaiC-bound ADP to form ATP as an intermediate, which can be regarded as a reversal of the autophosphorylation reaction. Subsequently, the ATP molecule is hydrolyzed to form Pi. We propose that the ATPase active site mediates not only ATP hydrolysis but also the bidirectional transfer of the phosphate between phosphorylation sites and the KaiC-bound nucleotide. On the basis of these findings, we can now dissect the dynamics of the KaiC phosphorylation cycle relative to ATPase activity.
Targeting the relaxin hormonal pathway in prostate cancer

Targeting the androgen signalling pathway has long been the hallmark of anti‐hormonal therapy for prostate cancer. However, development of androgen‐independent prostate cancer is an inevitable outcome to therapies targeting this pathway, in part, owing to the shift from cancer dependence on androgen signalling for growth in favor of augmentation of other cellular pathways that provide proliferation‐, survival‐ and angiogenesis‐promoting signals. This review focuses on the role of the hormone relaxin in the development and progression of prostate cancer, prior to and after the onset of androgen independence, as well as its role in cancers of other reproductive tissues. As the body of literature expands, examining relaxin expression in cancerous tissues and its role in a growing number of in vitro and in vivo cancer models, our understanding of the important involvement of this hormone in cancer biology is becoming clearer. Specifically, the pleiotropic functions of relaxin affecting cell growth, angiogenesis, blood flow, cell migration and extracellular matrix remodeling are examined in the context of cancer progression. The interactions and intercepts of the intracellular signalling pathways of relaxin with the androgen pathway are explored in the context of progression of castration‐resistant and androgen‐independent prostate cancers. We provide an overview of current anti‐hormonal therapeutic treatment options for prostate cancer and delve into therapeutic approaches and development of agents aimed at specifically antagonizing relaxin signalling to curb tumor growth. We also discuss the rationale and challenges utilizing such agents as novel anti‐hormonals in the clinic, and their potential to supplement current therapeutic modalities.
The Relation of Biological Properties of the Silk Fibroin / Gelatin Scaffolds with the Composition and Fabrication Technology

A.I. Sokolova, Engineer, Laboratory of Bionanotechnology1; M.M. Bobrova, Engineer, Laboratory of Bionanotechnology1; PhD Student, Biology Faculty2; L.A. Safonova, Engineer, Laboratory of Bionanotechnology1; PhD Student, Biology Faculty2; O.I. Agapova, Scientist, Laboratory of Bionanotechnology1; M.M. Moisenovich, PhD, Head of Laboratory of Confocal Microscopy2; I.I. Agapov, DSc, Professor, Head of Laboratory of Bionanotechnology1