Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanism and swimming experiment of micro mobile robot in water

This paper deals with a micro-mobile robot in water utilizing PZT(Pb(Zr, Ti)O/sub 3/) as an actuator. A robot driven by PZT requires a magnification mechanism and the effects of the resonance condition to enlarge the displacement of the PZT to some extent. In this paper, we show a prototype micro-mobile robot in water (double-fin-fish robot), which possesses a pair of fins and moves them symmetrically. Therefore, the momentum of this robot is canceled and the tendency to move straight ahead is improved. The size of the robot is 50 mm in length. We propose a structure for the magnification mechanism, which is made by the wire cut method. The magnification ratio is 326 geometrically. This robot has many possible applications, such as small pipeline inspections and biomedical fields. <<ETX>>
Extending memory-based machine translation to phrases

We present a phrase-based extension to memory-based machine translation. This form of example-based machine translation employs lazy-learning classifiers to translate fragments of the source sentence to fragments of the target sentence. Source-side fragments consist of variable-length phrases in a local context of neighboring words, translated by the classifier to a target-language phrase. We compare three methods of phrase extraction, and present a new decoder that reassembles the translated fragments into one final translation. Results show that one of the proposed phrase-extraction methods—the one used in Moses—leads to a translation system that outperforms context-sensitive word-based approaches. The differences, however, are small, arguably because the word-based approaches already capture phrasal context implicitly due to their source-side and target-side context sensitivity.
A Continuum Damage Model for Functionalized Graphene Membranes Based on Atomistic Simulations

A continuum model for GO membranes is developed in this study. The model is built representing the membrane as a two-dimensional, heterogeneous, two-phase continuum and the constitutive behavior of each phase (graphitic or oxidized) is built based on DFTB simulations of representative patches. A hyper-elastic continuum model is employed for the graphene areas, while a continuum damage model is more adequate for representing the behavior of oxidized regions. A finite element implementation for GO membranes subjected to degradation and failure is then implemented and, to avoid localization instabilities and spurious mesh sensitivity, a simple crack band model is adopted. The developed implementation is then used to investigate the existence of GO nano-representative volume elements.
Optimizing Informativeness and Readability for Sentiment Summarization

We propose a novel algorithm for sentiment summarization that takes account of informativeness and readability, simultaneously. Our algorithm generates a summary by selecting and ordering sentences taken from multiple review texts according to two scores that represent the informativeness and readability of the sentence order. The informativeness score is defined by the number of sentiment expressions and the readability score is learned from the target corpus. We evaluate our method by summarizing reviews on restaurants. Our method outperforms an existing algorithm as indicated by its ROUGE score and human readability experiments.
Object-Oriented Applications

Building an Interactive 3D Animation System. Temporal Software Components. Objects in a Distributed Network Surveillance Application. Development of Control Software for an Experimental Broadband ISDN Switch. A Layered Modelling Tool for the Integration of Computer Applications. Semantic and Logical Object Tool. Static Network Resource Allocation by Simulated Annealing (in Eiffel).
Age‐ and sex‐related changes of humeral head microarchitecture: Histomorphometric analysis of 60 human specimens

Fractures of the humeral head are frequent and will further increase due to demographic changes. Prior to operative fracture treatment, the regional differences of bone quality, especially of elderly people, have to be carefully considered to assure stable implant fixation. However, conclusive data concerning the variation of histomorphometric parameters are still lacking. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to analyze the age‐ and sex‐related changes in bone microarchitecture. For that reason, 60 proximal humeri were harvested from patients at autopsy. Twelve regions of interest (ROI) were defined for each centered coronar humeral head slice and the specimens were subjected to radiographic, histological, and histomorphometric analyses. We could demonstrate that in contrast to men, women over 60 years of age had a significant age‐related decrease in bone mass. The most prominent decrease was observed in the region of the greater tuberosity, which represents an osteoporotic fracture site. The most superior and medially located part of the centered coronar humeral head slice showed, independent from age and sex, the highest bone mass and can therefore be considered as the best location for subchondral screw placement. Taken together, our study revealed distinct sex‐related changes of the humeral head bone microarchitecture with aging, which should be considered in implant positioning. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:18–26, 2010
Wavelet Analysis for Stator Fault Detection in Induction Machines

The main objective of the proposed analysis is the detection of inter-turn short circuits in the stator windings of an induction machine. The analysis of the space vector current modulus of an induction motor is presented in this paper. This analysis is based on Daubechies 8 wavelet with seven decomposition levels. The 5th decomposition-level detail signal for a 4 kHz sampling frequency is chosen as a fault indicator, based on simulation results that show different behaviors of the energy contained in the detail signals independent of the percentage of load and fault levels. Experimental results that validate the proposed strategy are also presented. These results also show that the strategy is in addition immune to load variations as well as to feeding voltage unbalances.
Effects of Tai Chi training on arterial compliance and muscle strength in female seniors: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Exercise which can improve muscle strength while not compromising arterial compliance is especially needed for older adults. Tai Chi practitioners are known to have better than average arterial compliance and muscle strength. This study was designed to establish a cause and effect relationship between Tai Chi training and both increased arterial compliance and increased muscle strength. Design: In a single blind randomized clinical trial, 31 elderly women were randomly assigned to receive either Tai Chi training or an education programme, three sessions per week for 16 weeks. Results: After training, the subjects in the Tai Chi group showed significant improvements in arterial compliance and eccentric knee extensor strength. The subjects in the control group showed no significant improvement. Conclusion: Practising Tai Chi can improve the eccentric knee extensor strength and arterial compliance of elderly women. Tai Chi maybe a good exercise choice to improve the cardiovascular health and muscle strength of the elderly.
Ab initio study on anisotropic thermoelectric transport in ternary pnictide KZnP

Strongly anisotropic bands near the Fermi level via band structure engineering have been proposed to enhance thermoelectric performance in functional materials. Recent works exhibit the presence of flat-and-dispersive-band-like strong anisotropy in a class of ternary transition metal pnictides. Taking KZnP as a representative example, here we investigate the thermoelectric properties of this class of materials based on first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. Strikingly, the calculated lattice thermal conductivity κ L shows a strong anisotropy with a small value of about 5.24 (2.58) W m−1K−1 along the in-plane (out-of-plane) lattice direction at room temperature. Based on the electron relaxation time calculated from intensive ab initio electron–phonon interactions, a thermoelectric figure of merit zT of 0.32 is predicted for n-type doped KZnP, about two times lower than the value estimated by the constant relaxation time approximation from deformation potential theory. Nanostructures with the characteristic length shorter than 13 nm can reduce the κ L by 40%, enhancing zT to 0.52 along the c axis direction. This work supports that KZnP is a potential candidate for thermoelectric applications.
The Microbial Fuel Cell : The Solution to the Global Energy and Environmental Crises ?

The current climate change threat by green house gas emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels has necessitated a search for alternative non-polluting, reliable, renewable and sustainable sources of energy such as solar energy and its derivatives. During anaerobic microbial metabolism of small carbohydrates, protons and electrons are generated together with carbon dioxide gas. After the electrons are donated to the anode by the microbes (or with the aid of chemical mediators), these electrons can be channelled through a circuit bearing a load to the cathode, where the atmospheric oxygen is reduced, first to its divalent ions and subsequently to water. Unlike other biomass-to-energy conversion techniques such as torrefaction and gasification, no emissions are produced and the process is carbon neutral. There is no need for expensive conversion techniques such as transesterification, thermal or catalytic cracking or catalytic liquefaction. It is also non-destructive; the energy is harvested insitu and is guaranteed as long as feedstock is available, can be implemented using industrial waste water, can be used in desalination or remediation and has application potential in wetlands and erosion sites which are prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa, reducing competition with food supply and other conventional sources of bio-energy.
Cumulative Update of All-Terminal Reliability for Faster Feasibility Decision

Designing a reliable network becomes a time-consuming task if it involves All-Terminal Reliability (ATR) calculation, which belongs to the class of NP-hard problems. To make this task easier to address, we propose a new algorithm to decide the ATR feasibility of a given network G without performing exhaustive calculation. The proposed algorithm cumulatively updates the lower and upper bounds of the ATR using the set of subnetworks decomposed or branched from G. Once the lower or upper bound reaches the predetermined ATR requirement, the feasibility of G is determined. The proposed algorithm is characterized by four existing ATR calculation methods, which decompose or branch G into multiple subnetworks. The four implementations of the proposed algorithm will be tested via computer experiments. The results show that the proposed algorithm can make feasibility decision dramatically faster. The arrangement of subnetworks that can improve the performance of the proposed algorithm is also discussed.
An architecture for QoS data replication in network virtual environments

Predicted availability of broadband access will enable deployment of network virtual environments over the Internet. Online virtual worlds will require efficient runtime data replication solutions. This paper presents a quality of service (QoS) architecture for just-in-time data replication in network virtual environments. Quality of service is achieved by predicting the load and adapting to network traffic variations. Data is prefetched at the client based on network traffic estimates and viewpoint navigation prediction. QoS negotiation allows the server to control the network resources allocated per client. Experimental results show that QoS data replication can be implemented with reasonably small network and sever overload.
BOX: Browsing objects in XML

The latest Internet markup languages support the representation of structured information and vector graphics. In this paper we describe how these languages can be used to publish software engineering diagrams on the Internet. We introduce BOX, a portable, distributed and interoperable approach to browsing UML models with off‐the‐shelf technology. Our approach to browsing UML models leverages XML and related specifications, such as the Document Object Model (DOM), the XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) and the Vector Markup Language (VML). BOX translates a UML model that is represented in XMI into VML. VML can be directly displayed in Internet browsers, such as Microsoft's Internet Explorer 5. BOX enables software engineers to access and review UML models without the need to purchase licenses of tools that produced the models. BOX has been successfully evaluated in two industrial case studies. The case studies used BOX to make extensive domain and enterprise object models available to a large number of stakeholders over corporate intranets and the Internet. We show how XML and the BOX architecture can be applied to other software engineering notations. We also argue that the approach taken in BOX can be applied to other domains that have already started to adopt XML and have a need for graphic representation of XML information. These include browsing gene sequences, chemical molecule structures and conceptual knowledge representations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards truly agent-based traffic and mobility simulations

Traveling is necessary and desirable; yet, it imposes external costs on other people. Quantitative methods help finding a balance. Multi-agent simulations seem an obvious possibility here. A real world traffic simulation consists of many modules, all requiring different expertise. The paper discusses how such modules can be coupled to a complete simulation system, how such a system can be made fast enough to deal with real-world sizes (several millions of travelers), and how agent memory can be introduced. A real-world case study is presented, which says that multi-agent methods for traffic are mature enough to be used alongside existing methods. Finally, some outlook into the near future is given.
Atypical Kleine–Levin syndrome: An elusive entity?

Kleine–Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder (around 1.5 cases per million population), often presenting with triad of recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, hyperphagia, and hypersexuality. However, cases of atypical KLS with features opposite to that being commonly reported are often misdiagnosed as psychosis and present as a diagnostic challenge for the physicians, psychiatrists, and neurologists. We describe a case of atypical KLS which was misdiagnosed as unspecified nonorganic psychosis previously, highlighting the various points which would be helpful in identifying and diagnosing cases of atypical KLS in future.
Novel CH3NH3PbI3/polyimide composites with enhanced film-forming and electrical conductive properties

A series of CH3NH3PbI3/polyimide (PI) composite films were successfully fabricated using simple solution mixing. CH3NH3PbI3 particles were evenly dispersed into PI substrate, which could be seen from scanning electron microscopy images. Tensile test showed that the tensile strength of CH3NH3PbI3/PI composite film (5 wt%) was improved to the maximum (102.2 MPa), 127% higher than pure PI; and the elongation at break was remarkably stretched to 13% for CH3NH3PbI3/PI composite film (3 wt%), 171% greater than pure PI. Moreover, the thermal performance was enhanced to the optimum with the addition of 5 wt% CH3NH3PbI3. Ultraviolet–visible absorption curves revealed that the colors of CH3NH3PbI3/PI composite films were darkened and the red shift increased with the increasing content of CH3NH3PbI3. Furthermore, the CH3NH3PbI3/PI composite films exhibited increased dielectric constant with the maximum value of 13.8, compared with pure PI (3.6). These composite films may be promising to be used as dielectric materials in electronic industry.
On the Role of PKG for Proxy Re-encryption in Identity Based Setting

In 1998, Blaze, Bleumer, and Strauss proposed a kind of cryptographic primitive called proxy re-encryption[3]. In proxy re-encryption, a proxy can transform a ciphertext computed under Alice’s public key into one that can be opened under Bob’s decryption key. In 2007, Matsuo proposed the concept of four types of proxy re-encryption schemes: CBE(Certificate Based Public Key Encryption) to IBE(Identity Based Encryption)(type 1), IBE to IBE(type 2), IBE to CBE (type 3), CBE to CBE (type 4)[29]. Now CBE to IBE and IBE to IBE proxy re-encryption schemes are being standardized by IEEEP1363.3 working group[31]. In this paper, based on [29] we pay attention to the role of PKG for proxy re-encryption in identity based setting. We find that if we allow the PKG to use its master-key in the process of generating re-encryption key for proxy re-encryption in identity based setting, many open problems can be solved. Our main results are as following: We construct the first proxy re-encryption scheme from CBE to IBE which can resist malicious PKG attack, the first proxy re-encryption scheme from IBE to CBE, the second proxy re-encryption scheme based on a variant of BB1 IBE , the first proxy re-encryption scheme based on BB2 IBE, the first proxy re-encryption scheme based on SK IBE, we also prove their security in their corresponding security models.
On the Performance Evaluation of Enabling Architectures for Uplink and Downlink Decoupled Networks

The road to 5G is posing challenging requirements to the cellular network to introduce more applications from several industry verticals. Low delay, high scalability, ultra-reliability and device-centric procedures are some of these requirements. Decoupled Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL), DUDe, is a key enabler of the device-centric network, and provides a good solution to the UL and DL imbalance problem in heterogeneous networks, improving the UL reliability and load balancing. However, the direct applicability of this technique in 4G networks is subject to either very low backhaul latency between both cooperative base stations, or assisting UL and DL connections that can carry the user plane control signals. This article does a comprehensive study of the enabling architectures for DUDe; the proposed architectures are based on two well- known techniques, Dual Connectivity and Cloud Radio Access Networks. The impact of high latency fronthaul and X2 interfaces is studied and compared to the upper bound UL reliability and throughput obtained with regular round trip time (RTT) values. Results show that even if the radio access network RTT is doubled, DUDe provides an improvement in the UL reliability compared to the classical DL received power cell association.
Cordyceps militaris Extract Protects Human Dermal Fibroblasts against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Premature Senescence

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the major cause of degenerative disorders including aging and disease. In this study, we investigated whether Cordyceps militaris extract (CME) has in vitro protective effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Our results showed that the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of CME was increased in a dose-dependent manner. We found that hydrogen peroxide treatment in HDFs increased ROS generation and cell death as compared with the control. However, CME improved the survival of HDFs against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress via inhibition of intracellular ROS production. CME treatment inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death and apoptotic nuclear condensation in HDFs. In addition, CME prevented hydrogen peroxide-induced SA-β-gal-positive cells suggesting CME could inhibit oxidative stress-induced premature senescence. Therefore, these results suggest that CME might have protective effects against oxidative stress-induced premature senescence via scavenging ROS.
Clinical response, drug survival, and predictors thereof among 548 patients with psoriatic arthritis who switched tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor therapy: results from the Danish Nationwide DANBIO Registry.

OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency of treatment switching and outcomes among patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who switched tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor (TNFi) agents in routine care. METHODS We conducted an observational cohort study based on the Danish nationwide DANBIO registry. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using the American College of Rheumatology criteria for 20% improvement (ACR20)/ACR50/ACR70, European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria for good response, and the 28-joint count Disease Activity Score (DAS28) (remission). Kaplan-Meier and regression analyses were used for drug survival analyses and to identify predictors of outcome after treatment switching. RESULTS Of 1,422 patients starting TNFi agents, 548 patients (39%) switched to a second biologic drug during up to 10 years of followup. Median followup was 2.3 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.0-4.3 years). Switchers were more frequently women (56% versus 45%), had a shorter disease duration (3 versus 4 years), a higher median Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score (1.1 [IQR 0.6-1.6] versus 0.9 [IQR 0.5-1.4]), DAS28 (4.8 [4.0-5.7] versus 4.4 [3.6-5.2]), pain score on a visual analog scale (VAS) (65 mm [46-77] versus 62 mm [40-75]), and fatigue score on a VAS (69 mm [50-83] versus 64 mm [42-80] mm) (all P < 0.05 at start of first TNFi). During the first and second treatment, HAQ, DAS28, and VAS scores and C-reactive protein levels had decreased after 6 months (all P < 0.05), and median drug survival was 2.2 versus 1.3 years (P < 0.001). Lower fatigue score increased survival of the second TNFi. After switching, the proportions of patients achieving a sustained ACR20, ACR50, ACR70, EULAR good response, and DAS28 remission after 3-6 months were 22% (number needed to treat [NNT] 4.5), 13% (NNT 7.9), 5% (NNT 20), 19% (NNT 5.3), and 34% (NNT 2.9), respectively. Response rates were lower during the second treatment (all P < 0.01 versus first TNFi). At the 2-year visit, 47% of switchers had achieved an ACR20 response. No differences between drug-drug combinations were found. CONCLUSION Thirty-nine percent of the patients with PsA switched TNFi agents. Response rates and drug survival were lower after switching; however, half of the switchers had an ACR20 response 2 years after starting the first TNFi.
Advanced drug delivery nanosystems (aDDnSs): a mini-review

Abstract Significant progress has been made in nanoscale drugs and delivery systems employing diverse chemical formulations to facilitate the rate of drug delivery and to improve its pharmacokinetics. Biocompatible nanomaterials have been used as biological markers, contrast agents for imaging, healthcare products, pharmaceuticals, drug-delivery systems as well as in detection, diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases. The classification of drug delivery nanosystems (DDnSs) is a crucial issue and fundamental efforts on this subject are missing from the literature. This article deals with the classification of DDnSs with a modulatory controlled release profile (MCR) denoted as modulatory controlled release nanosystems (MCRnSs). Conventional (c) and advanced (a) DDnSs are denoted by the acronyms cDDnSs and aDDnSs, and can be composed of a single or more than one biomaterials, respectively. The classification was based on their characteristics such as: surface functionality (f), the nature of biomaterials used and the kind of interactions between biomaterials. The aDDnSs can be classified as hybridic (Hy-) or chimeric (Chi-) based on the nature – same or different respectively – of biomaterials and inorganic materials used. The nature of the elements used for producing advanced biomaterials is of great importance and medicinal chemistry contributes effectively to the production of aDDnSs.