Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary Intake of Acrylamide and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort

Acrylamide, classified in 1994 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as “probably carcinogenic” to humans, was discovered in 2002 in some heat-treated, carbohydrate-rich foods. The association between dietary acrylamide intake and epithelial ovarian cancer risk (EOC) has been previously studied in one case–control and three prospective cohort studies which obtained inconsistent results and could not further examine histologic subtypes other than serous EOC. The present study was carried out in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) subcohort of women (n = 325,006). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between questionnaire-based acrylamide intake and EOC risk. Acrylamide was energy-adjusted using the residual method and was evaluated both as a continuous variable (per 10 μg/d) and in quintiles; when subgroups by histologic EOC subtypes were analyzed, acrylamide intake was evaluated in quartiles. During a mean follow-up of 11 years, 1,191 incident EOC cases were diagnosed. At baseline, the median acrylamide intake in EPIC was 21.3 μg/d. No associations and no evidence for a dose–response were observed between energy-adjusted acrylamide intake and EOC risk (HR10μg/d,1.02; 95% CI, 0.96–1.09; HRQ5vsQ1, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76–1.23). No differences were seen when invasive EOC subtypes (582 serous, 118 endometrioid, and 79 mucinous tumors) were analyzed separately. This study did not provide evidence that acrylamide intake, based on food intake questionnaires, was associated with risk for EOC in EPIC. Additional studies with more reliable estimates of exposure based on biomarkers may be needed. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(1); 291–7. ©2014 AACR.
Robust Control for the Segway with Unknown Control Coefficient and Model Uncertainties

The Segway, which is a popular vehicle nowadays, is an uncertain nonlinear system and has an unknown time-varying control coefficient. Thus, we should consider the unknown time-varying control coefficient and model uncertainties to design the controller. Motivated by this observation, we propose a robust control for the Segway with unknown control coefficient and model uncertainties. To deal with the time-varying unknown control coefficient, we employ the Nussbaum gain technique. We introduce an auxiliary variable to solve the underactuated problem. Due to the prescribed performance control technique, the proposed controller does not require the adaptive technique, neural network, and fuzzy logic to compensate the uncertainties. Therefore, it can be simple. From the Lyapunov stability theory, we prove that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded. Finally, we provide the simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Deriving Process-Related RBAC Models from Process Execution Histories

In a business process context, access permissions grant the rights to perform certain tasks. In particular, process-related role-based access control (RBAC) models define RBAC policies for process-aware information systems (PAIS). In addition, process-related RBAC models allow for the definition of entailment constraints on tasks, such as mutual exclusion or binding constraints, for example. This paper presents an approach to derive process-related RBAC models from process execution histories recorded by a PAIS. In particular, we present algorithms to derive corresponding RBAC artifacts and entailment constraints from standardized XML-based log files. All algorithms presented in this paper have been implemented and were tested via process logs created with CPN Tools.
Content-based video indexing for sports applications using integrated multi-modal approach

To sustain an ongoing rapid growth of video information, there is an emerging demand for a sophisticated content-based video indexing system. However, current video indexing solutions are still immature and lack of any standard. This doctoral consists of a research work based on an integrated multi-modal approach for sports video indexing and retrieval. By combining specific features extractable from multiple audio-visual modalities, generic structure and specific events can be detected and classified. During browsing and retrieval, users will benefit from the integration of high-level semantic and some descriptive mid-level features such as whistle and close-up view of player(s).
Limited Sampling Strategy for the Estimation of Tacrolimus Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve in Chinese Adult Liver Transplant Patients

Objectives: Limited sampling strategies (LSS) have been proposed as an alternative method for estimating area under concentration-time curve (AUC) of immunosuppressive agent tacrolimus (TAC). In this study, we aimed to develop the LSS models for predicting AUC of TAC in Chinese liver transplant patients. Methods: Twenty-eight adult liver transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive regimen including TAC were enrolled. A total of 47 pharmacokinetic profiles were obtained after 1 or 3 weeks therapy. TAC concentrations were determined before dose (0 h) and at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h after dosing by LC-MS/MS assay. Optimal subset regression analysis was used to establish the models for estimating TAC AUC0-12. Prediction error (PE) and absolute PE were calculated. The agreement between predicted and measured AUC0-12 was investigated by Bland-Altman analysis. The obtained models were validated by bootstrap analysis. The prediction performance among various CYP3A5 and ABCB1 genotypes was compared. The models selected from previous published studies were also validated using our data. Results: Twenty-eight models including 1, 2, 3 and 4 blood time points sampling were established (r2 = 0.653-0.979). The best model for prediction of TAC AUC0-12 was 0.81 + 1.73C1 + 1.32C2 + 3.87C4 + 3.75C8 (r2 = 0.979). Forty profiles (85.1%) had estimated TAC AUC0-12 within ±15% of observed TAC AUC0-12. Model with C0-C2 (r2 = 0.880) can be used for outpatients who need monitoring to be carried out in a short period. We also found that ABCB1 genotype may be a reason of variation in the prediction performance. There was good correlation between predicted and measured AUC0-12 (r2 = 0.880-0.928) by using models from previous studies with sample collected within 4 h post dose. Conclusion: The LSS is an effective approach for estimation of full TAC AUC0-12 in Chinese liver transplant patients.
On the performance of eigenvalue-based signal detection

Comparing to GLRT which should have some prior information, eigenvalue-based spectrum sensing is a totally blind detection technique without knowing the information of signal, channel and noise power. Existing eigenvalue-based spectrum sensing techniques are based on the approximated methods to determine the threshold. The performance of this approach is satisfactory for multipath channels in low SNR environments, however, at the cost of a long detection latency and high computational complexity due to the fact that a large number of samples are required. To tackle this problem, the thresholds can be calculated by a joint eigenvalue distribution. Unfortunately, this kind of distribution functions hardly meet the requirements of signal detection. In this paper, we explore the usage of an exact probability density function (PDF) of Demmel condition number for complex Wishart matrices. We show that the potential gain obtained by using the proposed function is rather large compared to the traditional approximated methods with smaller size of samples.
Real-time identification and monitoring of abnormal events based on microblog and emergency call data using SMART

This article describes a real-time visual analytics process based on microblog and emergency call data to solve VAST 2014 Mini Challenge 3. We extended SMART system (Social Media Analytics and Reporting Toolkit), developed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security's VACCINE Center. Our system consists of multiple linked views to allow the analyst monitor topic evolution, identify influential microblog users, observe geo-location patterns and examine correlations among different data sources. Extensions to our previous work include a time series view, a reply/retweet networks view, and integration of emergency call data.
A 1-V 5.2-GHz CMOS synthesizer for WLAN applications

A 1-V CMOS frequency synthesizer designed for WLAN 802.11a is presented. Novel circuit designs are demonstrated in the system for low-voltage applications including design of voltage-controlled oscillator and design of programmable divider. Implemented in a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process and operated at 1-V supply voltage, the synthesizer measures phase noise of -136 dBc/Hz at a frequency offset of 20 MHz and spur performance of less than -80 dBc at an offset of 11 MHz. The synthesizer dissipates 27.5 mW from a single 1-V supply and occupies a chip area of 1.03 mm/sup 2/.
Systematic reviews of preclinical animal studies can make significant contributions to health care and more transparent translational medicine.

Preclinical evidence, like clinical evidence, is used to inform decisions about the safety and efficacy of treatments for participants in clinical trials. [1] Unlike clinical studies, most preclinical animal studies are not systematically reviewed, even though systematic reviews of preclinical animal studies can contribute significantly to creating more transparency regarding the possible translation from preclinical animal studies to clinical trials. [2][3][4][5][6] The expected benefits of systematic reviews of preclinical animal studies encompass stimulating better science and improving translation. Fewer than 250 systematic reviews of preclinical animal studies were published prior to 2010, whereas almost 6000 Cochrane Reviews have been published to date.
Asymptotic optimality of the Westfall--Young permutation procedure for multiple testing under dependence

Test statistics are often strongly dependent in large-scale multiple testing applications. Most corrections for multiplicity are unduly conservative for correlated test statistics, resulting in a loss of power to detect true positives. We show that the Westfall--Young permutation method has asymptotically optimal power for a broad class of testing problems with a block-dependence and sparsity structure among the tests, when the number of tests tends to infinity.
Model Reduction Comparison for the Elastic Crankshaft Mechanism

Model reduction methods (Static, Dynamic, IRS, SEREP, CMS, Krylov) are implemented and applied toan elastic crankshaft. Eigenvectors and eigenfrequencies of each reduced model are compared using various Modal Correlation Criteria (MCC). Minimization of reduction error is ascertained offering the best reduction candidate for model validation. Numerical aspects for the efficient solution (simulation time, storage space requirements) of large sparse linear systems , obtained by the reduction, are discussed and a new method for the fast iterative solution of such systems is introduced. Program packages: ANSYS, MATLAB. = Ax b
Description and Evaluation of Semantic Similarity Measures Approaches

ABSTRACT In recent years, semantic similarity measure has a great interest in Semantic Web and Natural Language Processing (NLP). Several similarity measures have been developed, being given the existence of a structured knowledge representation offered by ontologies and corpus which enable semantic interpretation of terms. Semantic similarity measures compute the similarity between concepts/terms included in knowledge sources in order to perform estimations. This paper discusses the existing semantic similarity methods based on structure, information content and feature approaches. Additionally, we present a critical evaluation of several categories of semantic similarity approaches based on two standard benchmarks. The aim of this paper is to give an efficient evaluation of all these measures which help researcher and practitioners to select the measure that best fit for their requirements. General Terms Similarity Measures, Ontology, Semantic Web, NLP
The Bax/Bak ortholog in Drosophila, Debcl, exerts limited control over programmed cell death

Bcl-2 family members are pivotal regulators of programmed cell death (PCD). In mammals, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members initiate early apoptotic signals by causing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, a step necessary for the initiation of the caspase cascade. Worms and flies do not show a requirement for cytochrome c during apoptosis, but both model systems express pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Drosophila encodes two Bcl-2 family members, Debcl (pro-apoptotic) and Buffy (anti-apoptotic). To understand the role of Debcl in Drosophila apoptosis, we produced authentic null alleles at this locus. Although gross development and lifespans were unaffected, we found that Debcl was required for pruning cells in the developing central nervous system. debcl genetically interacted with the ced-4/Apaf1 counterpart dark, but was not required for killing by RHG (Reaper, Hid, Grim) proteins. We found that debclKO mutants were unaffected for mitochondrial density or volume but, surprisingly, in a model of caspase-independent cell death, heterologous killing by murine Bax required debcl to exert its pro-apoptotic activity. Therefore, although debcl functions as a limited effector of PCD during normal Drosophila development, it can be effectively recruited for killing by mammalian members of the Bcl-2 gene family.
THE EFFECT OF SPECIMEN GEOMETRY ON DETERMINATION OF ELONGATION IN SHEET TENSILE SPECIMENS

Abstract : A study was made of the effect of specimen gage length, width and thickness on the elongation as determined in a tentensile test. Hard-drawn copper, annealed copper, 1020 steel, and H 11 steel were studied. Although a number of relationships have been proposed to explain the variation of elongation with gage length, the results show that no one relationship adequately describes the course of the curves. The elongation in 2 inches is found to vary approximately linearly with the specimen area on a log-log plot, showing agreement with Templin's equation. The reason for the dependence of elongation on specimen area rather than width-to-thickness ratio, can be seen from a study of the local width, thickness and longitudinal strains.
Closing The Cyberlearning Loop: Enabling Teachers To Formatively Assess Student Programming Projects

Teachers are increasingly integrating game design and simulation creation projects as part of their classroom curricula. These projects have many benefits including motivating students in STEM activities and exposing students to computational thinking - a key part of upcoming science standards. However, barriers still exist to project-based computer science in a lab environment. One major issue is that, as students are creating their projects, it is extremely difficult for teachers to know how every student is progressing through a given activity and how to keep every student engaged. This paper introduces a Cyberlearning system entitled REACT (Real-Time Evaluation and Assessment of Computational Thinking) that is an initial step towards giving teachers quickly discernible real-time data corresponding to each student project. REACT provides teachers with a sortable dashboard, consisting of data from each student, that shows the characters students created and used to populate their game or simulation world as well as the semantic meaning behind what students have programmed. A feasibility test with four middle school classrooms shows that REACT helps teachers formatively assess students and provide targeted instruction to struggling individuals. Furthermore, teachers showed excitement at the summative and student self-assessment capabilities of REACT, and every teacher independently stated they would use the REACT system in subsequent end-user programming units.
Broadband MIMO PIFA antenna with circular polarization for RFID readers

A novel broadband circular polarized two-element PIFA antenna with pattern diversity and high isolation is proposed which can be easily fabricated and embedded into RFID readers. Circular polarization characteristic of the proposed antenna is achieved by introducing a cross branch at its corner of the ground. The modified PIFA structure gives the antenna a broadband impedance bandwidth characteristic. A prototype is fabricated and measured. The results show that this circular polarized antenna with compact dimension has broadband from 840MHz-960MHz and good isolation of 15dB between the two elements over the whole band, which make the antenna suitable for terminal application of RFID readers.
Theory of a Directive Optical Leaky Wave Antenna Integrated into a Resonator and Enhancement of Radiation Control

We provide for the first time the detailed study of the radiation performance of an optical leaky wave antenna (OLWA) integrated into a Fabry-Pérot resonator. We show that the radiation pattern can be expressed as the one generated by the interference of two leaky waves counter-propagating in the resonator leading to a design procedure for achieving optimized broadside radiation, i.e., normal to the waveguide axis. We thus report a realizable implementation of the OLWA made of semiconductor and dielectric regions. The theoretical modeling is supported by full-wave simulation results, which are found to be in good agreement. We aim to control the radiation intensity in the broadside direction via excess carrier generation in the semiconductor regions. We show that the presence of the resonator can provide an effective way of enhancing the radiation level modulation, which reaches values as high as 13.5 dB, paving the way for novel promising radiation control capabilities that might allow the generation of very fast optical switches, as an example.
The interaction of dislocations with coherent inclusions I. Perfect edge and screw dislocations

Abstract The passage of edge and screw dislocations through an array of spherical coherent obstacles is simulated for several obstacle sizes, array dimensions and misfit values, using computer techniques adapted from molecular dynamic methods. For small misfits, intersection of the obstacle takes place and the passing stress increases rapidly with increasing misfit. Above a critical misfit value, which varies with the size and separation of the obstacles, the passing mechanism changes to Orowan loop formation; the passing stress continues to increase with increasing misfit, but at a lower rate. It is found that there are two principal consequences of the obstacle stress field. Dipole-enhancing effects can lead to a reduction in the breaking angle to as low as 40° from the near-90° value expected for impenetrable obstacles, with a corresponding decrease in the passing stress. However, the coherency stresses also renormalize the obstacle geometry to increase their effectiveness as barriers to dislocation mo.
Anterior Screw Fixation for Odontoid Fracture Using the Direct Approach at the C2-C3 Level: Case Report and Literature Review

Fractures of the odontoid process comprise 10–15% of all cervical fractures. Almost two thirds of all dens fractures are classified as type II according to Anderson and D’Alonso classification system. Currently, the direct anterior odontoid screw fixation provides the best anatomical and functional results for this type of fracture and it is considered as the treatment of choice. Regarding the approach to the C2 vertebra, about 80% of authors usually make a skin incision at the lower cervical level (C4-C5 or C5-C6) for creating a working corridor. However, the required exposure and the relatively blind passage of the screw can damage the surrounding soft tissue. The direct approach at the C2- C3 level could be a shorter and safer working corridor to the odontoid screw fixation with less soft tissue retraction. Here we present a case report of a 62-year-old man who presented with Type II odontoid fracture and subsequently underwent a direct anterior odontoid screw fixation through a mini-open approach at the C2-C3 level. The literature available in the English language on related-approach complications of anterior odontoid screw fixation is reviewed.
Algorithms for Computing a Planar Homography from Conics in Correspondence

This paper presents two new algorithms for computing a planar homography from conic correspondences. Firstly, we propose a linear algorithm for computing the homography when there are three or more conic correspondences. In this case, we get an overdetermined set of linear equations and the solution that minimizes the algebraic distance is obtained by the singular value decomposition. Secondly, we propose another algorithm for determining the homography from only two conic correspondences. Unlike the previous algorithms our approach uses only linear algebra and does not require solving high-degree polynomial equations. Hence, the proposed formulation leads to an algorithm that is efcient and easy to implement. In addition, our approach incorporates the computation of the two projective invariants for a pair of conics. These invariants provide a condition for the existence of a homography between the pairs of conics. We evaluate the characteristics and robustness of the proposed algorithms in experiments with synthetic and real data.
Sequential and parallel deficit scaling algorithms for minimum flow in bipartite networks

In this paper, first we describe the deficit scaling algorithm for minimum flow in bipartite networks. This algorithm is obtained from the deficit scaling algorithm for minimum flow in regular networks developed by Ciupala in [5] by replacing a pull from a node with sufficiently large deficit with two consecutive pulls. This replacement ensures that only nodes in N1 can have deficits. Consequently, the running time of the deficit scaling algorithm for minimum flow is reduced from O(nm+n2 logC) to O(n1m+n12 logC) when it is applied on bipartite networks. In the last part of this paper, we develop a parallel implementation of the deficit scaling algorithm for minimum flow in bipartite networks on an EREW PRAM. The parallel bipartite deficit scaling algorithm performs a pull from an active node with a sufficiently large deficit and with the smallest distance label from N1 at a time followed by a set of pulls from several nodes in N2 in parallel. It runs in O(n12 log C log p) time on an EREW PRAM with p = ⌈m/n1⌉ processors, which is within a logarithmic factor of the running time of the sequential bipartite deficit scaling algorithm for minimum flow.
Metric-Based Approaches for Semi-Supervised Regression and Classification

Semi-supervised learning methods typically require an explicit relationship to be asserted between the labeled and unlabeled data—as illustrated, for example, by the neighbourhoods used in graph-based methods. Semi-supervised model selection and regularization methods are presented here that instead require only that the labeled and unlabeled data are drawn from the same distribution. From this assumption, a metric can be constructed over hypotheses based on their predictions for unlabeled data. This metric can then be used to detect untrustworthy training error estimates, leading to model selection strategies that select the richest hypothesis class while providing theoretical guarantees against over-fitting. This general approach is then adapted to regularization for supervised regression and supervised classification with probabilistic classifiers. The regularization adapts not only to the hypothesis class but also to the specific data sample provided, allowing for better performance than regularizers that account only for class complexity.