Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Authentication Protocol of SDN Trusted Domain

Currently Software Define Network (SDN) architecture has become a hot topic. Aiming at the authentication security issues of SDN network architecture, we introduce an authentication protocol based on SDN network architecture without any trusted third party between trusted domains. By applying AVISPA security analysis system of network interaction protocol, we can guarantee protocol security and provide complete safety tests. Our work fill the gap of mutual trust between different trusted domains and provide security foundation for interaction between different trusted domains.
Bank Customers' Channel Preferences for Requesting Account Balances

Electronic applications in banking have enhanced customers' ability to control the balances and latest transactions of their bank accounts. Many banks today offer this service also via mobile channel further improving customers' capability to use the service anytime anywhere. This paper analyses online bank customers', namely Internet and mobile users', diverse electronic channel preferences for requesting account balances. Conjoint analysis is used in order to measure the utility these two groups of customers attach to different attributes of electronic channels. The results show that the two groups of customers face different needs in consumption of the service. While mobile users put the greatest attention to flexible service access point, the Internet users value the screen size of a device the most. The results suggest Nokia communicator type of device as an optimal channel for current mobile users, while those currently without experience in mobile banking show no interest in devices smaller than personal computer
Title of Document: Head-eye Coordination during a Natural Tapping Task Head-eye Coordination during a Natural Tapping Task List of Figures Chapter 1: Introduction Section 1 Head-eye Coordination

This thesis describes the research of Herst et al. (2001) who examined the coordination of head and eye movements while participants searched for targets under natural conditions in which the head was free to move. This investigation was done because, while the technical difficulties in measuring these patterns of head-eye coordination in humans have been overcome, the results obtained over the last 35 years have yet to show what the typical pattern of head-eye coordination looks like. Herst et al. (2001) described the 'natural' temporal coordination of head and eye of four participants who tapped a sequence of targets arranged in 3D on a worktable in front of them. The results were not expected based on prior studies of head-eye coordination performed under less natural conditions. This thesis reinterprets the original (2001) findings and draws new conclusions in the light of new research on head-eye coordination conducted since then. Fig.5. Proportion (%) of coordinated head-eye movements in which the head led the eye, the head and eye moved simultaneously, and the eye led the head. The performance of each subject is shown separately. Fig.6. A: Distribution (%) of coordinated head-eye movements (7ms bins) in which the head led the eye, the head and eye moved simultaneously, and the eye led the head. Latency difference was calculated as head-onset minus eye-onset, the convention introduced by Guitton and Volle (1987). The data were pooled across participants because individual differences were small (see Fig. 5). B: Distribution (%) of coordinated head-eye movements near (± 20 ms) the temporal resolution limit, viz., 2ms. This distribution shows when the head led the eye, the head and eye moved simultaneously and the eye led the head with respect to the smallest temporal interval that could be measured. iv Fig.7 A: Mean Right gaze-shift-size (deg) and Standard Deviations when gaze-shifts went to the right and the Head led the eye, the head and eye moved Simultaneously, and the Eye led the head. The performance of each subject is shown separately. B: Mean Left gaze-shift-size and Standard Deviations when gaze-shifts went to the left. The maintenance of stable gaze relies on effective coordination of head and eye movements. And having control of gaze is necessary for gathering any visual information with high spatial frequency. As a result, understanding how the head and eyes are coordinated as we search our environment is a topic of interest in the oculomotor …
Testing of Programs with Random Generated Test Cases ∗

Testing of computer programs is an essential part of the evaluation process of a programming contest. It is a mix of functional and non functional testing and a specific case of the “black box” testing well known from the domain of Software engineering. The paper discusses one of the possible forms of creating test cases for a program that implement an unknown algorithm – the random generation of test cases – and the problems that could arise when random generated test cases are used for evaluation of programs submitted by participants in programming contests. Rooted trees were chosen for the start of the research because of their simplicity. More deep problems and more interesting results could be expected for general graphs and other combinatorial objects.
Macroprudential Policies at Work : How do Government-Owned Banks affect Credit Markets ? ∗

How countercyclical macroprudential credit policies affect the loan spread? To answer this question, we propose a microeconomic model of bank competition that contemplates differences in the behavior of public and private banks and the peculiarities of the market for corporate loans vis-a-vis the market for consumer loans. We solve the model and calibrate it using parameters of the Brazilian economy, where government-owned banks not only account for almost half of the outstanding loans in the credit market but also have played a strong countercyclical role in the economy. Subsequently, we use the equilibrium conditions of the model to study the effects of macroprudential credit policies on loan spreads. The results indicate that credit expansion by public banks is more effective to reduce loans interest rates during recession periods than during periods of economic expansion.
Bayesian species delimitation in West African forest geckos (Hemidactylus fasciatus)

Genealogical data are an important source of evidence for delimiting species, yet few statistical methods are available for calculating the probabilities associated with different species delimitations. Bayesian species delimitation uses reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (rjMCMC) in conjunction with a user-specified guide tree to estimate the posterior distribution for species delimitation models containing different numbers of species. We apply Bayesian species delimitation to investigate the speciation history of forest geckos (Hemidactylus fasciatus) from tropical West Africa using five nuclear loci (and mtDNA) for 51 specimens representing 10 populations. We find that species diversity in H. fasciatus is currently underestimated, and describe three new species to reflect the most conservative estimate for the number of species in this complex. We examine the impact of the guide tree, and the prior distributions on ancestral population sizes (θ) and root age (τ0), on the posterior probabilities for species delimitation. Mis-specification of the guide tree or the prior distribution for θ can result in strong support for models containing more species. We describe a new statistic for summarizing the posterior distribution of species delimitation models, called speciation probabilities, which summarize the posterior support for each speciation event on the starting guide tree.
Establishment of novel meniscal scaffold structures using polyglycolic and poly-l-lactic acids

The purpose of this study was to evaluate various types of meniscus scaffolds that mimic the meniscus structure, and to establish a novel cell-free meniscus scaffold with polyglycolic acid or poly-l-lactic acid. Four types of scaffolds were implanted into Japanese white rabbits: poly-l-lactic acid sponge poly-l-lactic acid, PGA-coated PLLA sponge, PGA lamination, and film-coated PGA lamination. Samples were harvested at 8 and 12 weeks after implantation, and a compression stress test was performed. The meniscus size and Ishida scores were evaluated for regenerated tissue. Immunohistochemistry was analyzed by anti-type I, II and X collagen antibodies to investigate the structure of the regenerated tissue, and by anti-iNOS antibody to investigate the inflammatory tissue of the meniscus. The cell nuclei of lymphocytes and foreign body multinucleated giant cells were counted in hematoxylin and eosin staining. Modified Mankin scores for cartilage degeneration were used for assessment after Safranin-O/Fast Green staining. The biomechanical test showed that l- and film-coated PGA lamination exhibited greater strength than s- and PGA-coated PLLA sponge. At 12 weeks, the size of meniscus and the Ishida score in implanted film-coated PGA lamination were improved significantly compared with the defect groups. The type II collagen staining intensity in the PGA lamination lamination is significantly higher than the defect at eight weeks. The staining intensity of iNOS and number of lymphocytes significantly increased in sponge poly-l-lactic acid at eight weeks, and increased in p-PLLA at 12 weeks. Foreign body multinucleated giant cells in implantation groups appeared, especially at eight weeks. The Mankin score for film-coated PGA lamination was significantly lower than for the defect at 12 weeks. Novel meniscal scaffolds especially PGA should possess not only biological but also biomechanical functions. In conclusions, film-coated PGA lamination was the beneficial property for meniscus scaffold from the points of better biomechanical function, good regeneration, and less inflammation with chondroprotective effects.
Exploring the neutral invertase–oxidative stress defence connection in Arabidopsis thaliana

Over the past decades, considerable advances have been made in understanding the crucial role and the regulation of sucrose metabolism in plants. Among the various sucrose-catabolizing enzymes, alkaline/neutral invertases (A/N-Invs) have long remained poorly studied. However, recent findings have demonstrated the presence of A/N-Invs in various organelles in addition to the cytosol, and their importance for plant development and stress tolerance. A cytosolic (At-A/N-InvG, At1g35580) and a mitochondrial (At-A/N-InvA, At1g56560) member of the A/N-Invs have been analysed in more detail in Arabidopsis and it was found that At-A/N-InvA knockout plants show an even more severe growth phenotype than At-A/N-InvG knockout plants. The absence of either A/N-Inv was associated with higher oxidative stress defence gene expression, while transient overexpression of At-A/N-InvA and At-A/N-InvG in leaf mesophyll protoplasts down-regulated the oxidative stress-responsive ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) promoter. Moreover, up-regulation of the APX2 promoter by hydrogen peroxide or abscisic acid could be blocked by adding metabolizable sugars or ascorbate. A hypothetical model is proposed in which both mitochondrial and cytosolic A/N-Invs can generate glucose as a substrate for mitochondria-associated hexokinase, contributing to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis.
Applications of Artiﬁcial Intelligence in Transport: An Overview

: The rapid pace of developments in Artiﬁcial Intelligence (AI) is providing unprecedented opportunities to enhance the performance of different industries and businesses, including the transport sector. The innovations introduced by AI include highly advanced computational methods that mimic the way the human brain works. The application of AI in the transport ﬁeld is aimed at overcoming the challenges of an increasing travel demand, CO 2 emissions, safety concerns, and environmental degradation. In light of the availability of a huge amount of quantitative and qualitative data and AI in this digital age, addressing these concerns in a more efﬁcient and effective fashion has become more plausible. Examples of AI methods that are ﬁnding their way to the transport ﬁeld include Artiﬁcial Neural Networks (ANN), Genetic algorithms (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), Artiﬁcial Immune system (AIS), Ant Colony Optimiser (ACO) and Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) and Fuzzy Logic Model (FLM) The successful application of AI requires a good understanding of the relationships between AI and data on one hand, and transportation system characteristics and variables on the other hand. Moreover, it is promising for transport authorities to determine the way to use these technologies to create a rapid improvement in relieving congestion, making travel time more reliable to their customers and improve the economics and productivity of their vital assets. This paper provides an overview of the AI techniques applied worldwide to address transportation problems mainly in trafﬁc management, trafﬁc safety, public transportation, and urban mobility. The overview concludes by addressing the challenges and limitations of AI applications in transport.
Faceted Clustering of Astrobiology Documents

This project involves the development of a labeled data set of astrobiology journal articles with the labeling done both by hand and using an unsupervised document clustering method. This data set is intended to assist in the discovery of common research themes within the highly interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. Additionally, the Apache Solr search platform was configured to index the documents and display them using faceted clustering based on their labellings.
CMS PAS EXO-11-019 CMS Physics Analysis Summary

A search for narrow resonances at high mass in the dimuon and dielectron channels has been performed by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using pp collision data recorded at √ s = 7 TeV. The event samples correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb−1. Heavy dilepton resonances are predicted in theoretical models with extra gauge bosons (Z′) or as Kaluza–Klein graviton excitations (GKK) in the RandallSundrum model. Upper limits on the inclusive cross section of Z(GKK) → `+`− relative to Z → `+`− are presented. These limits exclude at 95% confidence level a Z′ with standard-model-like couplings below 1940 GeV, the superstring-inspired Zψ below 1620 GeV, and, for values of the coupling parameter k/MPl of 0.05 (0.1), Kaluza–Klein gravitons below 1450 (1780) GeV.
Application research of cluster analysis and association analysis

For applications of data mining techniques in geosciences, through mining spatial databases which are constructed with geophysical and geochemical data measured in fields, the knowledge, such as the spatial distribution of geological targets, the geophysical and geochemical characteristics of geological targets, the differentiation among the geological targets, and the relationship among geophysical and geochemical data, can be discovered. Due to the complexity of geophysical and geochemical data, traditional mining methods of cluster analysis and association analysis have limitations in processing complex data. In this paper, a clustering algorithm based on density and adaptive density-reachable is presented which has the ability to handle clusters of arbitrary shapes, sizes and densities. For association analysis, mining the continuous attributes may reveal useful and interesting insights about the data objects in geoscientific applications. Quantitative association rules aims to deal with the relationships among continuous attributes of geoscientific data objects. An association analysis algorithm based on the distances among clusters projected on attributes is presented in this paper. Experiments and applications indicate that the algorithms are effective in real world applications.
Selecting Summary Statistics in Approximate Bayesian Computation for Calibrating Stochastic Models

Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is an approach for using measurement data to calibrate stochastic computer models, which are common in biology applications. ABC is becoming the “go-to” option when the data and/or parameter dimension is large because it relies on user-chosen summary statistics rather than the full data and is therefore computationally feasible. One technical challenge with ABC is that the quality of the approximation to the posterior distribution of model parameters depends on the user-chosen summary statistics. In this paper, the user requirement to choose effective summary statistics in order to accurately estimate the posterior distribution of model parameters is investigated and illustrated by example, using a model and corresponding real data of mitochondrial DNA population dynamics. We show that for some choices of summary statistics, the posterior distribution of model parameters is closely approximated and for other choices of summary statistics, the posterior distribution is not closely approximated. A strategy to choose effective summary statistics is suggested in cases where the stochastic computer model can be run at many trial parameter settings, as in the example.
An evaluative case study of online learning for healthcare professionals.

BACKGROUND This evaluation study assessed the pedagogical and instructional design (e-pedagogy) effectiveness of online continuing professional education (CPE) courses offered by a large Australian CPE provider. METHODS A naturalistic theory approach and a multilevel evaluation were used to examine the impact of web-based learning on more than 300 healthcare professionals. Participant satisfaction, learning achievement, self-reported practice performance change, and e-pedagogical courseware characteristics were assessed by various qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. RESULTS Findings revealed that learning online was an effective means for increasing CPE knowledge (p < .05) and improving self-reported practice performance change (p < .05). Courses containing a clinical tool resulted in an increased self-reported practice performance change over courses that did not (Zobs = 3.757). CONCLUSION Online CPE offers a convenient format for healthcare professionals from educationally and geographically diverse populations to update their knowledge and view best practice.
Is It What You Do, or When You Do It? The Roles of Contingency and Similarity in Pro-Social Effects of Imitation

Being imitated has a wide range of pro-social effects, but it is not clear how these effects are mediated. Naturalistic studies of the effects of being imitated have not established whether pro-social outcomes are due to the similarity and/or the contingency between the movements performed by the actor and those of the imitator. Similarity is often assumed to be the active ingredient, but we hypothesized that contingency might also be important, as it produces positive affect in infants and can be detected by phylogenetically ancient mechanisms of associative learning. We manipulated similarity and contingency between performed and observed actions in a computerized task. Similarity had no positive effects; however, contingency resulted in greater enjoyment of the task, reported closeness to others, and helping behavior. These results suggest that the pro-social effects of being imitated may rely on associative mechanisms.
Digital identity security architecture in Ethos

Certificate systems often provide a foundation for distributed system security. A certificate is a signed statement; the user's private key must have been used to create the certificate's signature and the resulting certificate is tamper evident. Despite being based on sound theory, certificate system implementations are often exploited. Furthermore, certificate systems are often complex, to the extent that user-space programmers avoid certificates in favor of less secure, but easier to program, mechanisms. We describe the certificate system for Ethos, an experimental OS that has been designed for security from the ground up. We reexamine and redesign the layering of certificate creation across kernel and user space, and discuss the beneficial security properties that result. The design enables certificates to be a pervasive authentication mechanism, private keys to be protected, and policy-based restrictions on the statements that a given application may sign. These protections are essential to protect digital identity systems from attack.
Simple, Unified, and Accurate Prediction of Error Probability for Higher Order MPSK/MDPSK With Phase Noise in Optical Communications

Higher order M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) and differential phase shift keying (MDPSK) (M≥ 4) are used in optical communications for increased spectral efficiency. This paper proposes a unified and systematic approach to predicting the error probability of MPSK with phase reference error (PRE) and MDPSK with residual phase noise (RPN) in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. It is shown that AWGN leads to an equivalent additive observation phase noise (AOPN), whose probability density function (pdf) conditioned on knowing the received signal magnitude is Tikhonov. For high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the Tikhonov pdf can be accurately approximated by a Gaussian pdf. This AOPN can be combined with the PRE/RPN, and the distribution of the combined phase noise (AOPN + PRE/RPN) facilitates the computation of the probability of the received signal phasor falling in any sector in the complex plane. It thus enables us to express the symbol error probability of MPSK/MDPSK with phase noise as one Gaussian Q-function. Moreover, it facilitates the analysis of bit error probability (BEP) with Gray code mapping for MPSK/MDPSK. All the new BEP expressions obtained are linear combinations of single Gaussian Q-functions, and do not involve the product of Gaussian Q-functions. It is shown that our Gaussian AOPN + PRE/RPN model provides a simpler and quicker way to accurately estimate the error performance as a function of the phase error variance. Our unified approach is increasingly more accurate as M increases.
High-Resolution Millimeter-VLBI Imaging of Sgr A*

We present the highest resolution VLBI imaging observations of Sgr A* made at both 7 and 3.5 mm. These data reveal wavelength-dependent intrinsic sizes with an intrinsic emitting region at 3.5 mm of about 1 AU (at a distance of 8 kc to the Galactic Center). When combined with the lower limit on the mass of Sgr A*, these size measurements provide strong evidence that Sgr A* is a super-massive black hole. We also detected a structural variation which results in an intrinsically symmetrical structure that increases in its intrinsic size by more than 25% at 7 mm.
ANNOUNCEMENT OF CUBESAT LAUNCH INITIATIVE

Solicitation Number: N/A Reference Number: NNH10SOMD003L NAIS Posted Date: Jul 30, 2010 FedBizOpps Posted Jul 30, 2010 Date: Response Date: Nov 15, 2010 Recovery and Reinvestment Act NO Action? : Classification Code: A -Research and Development 541712 Research and Development in the Physical, NAICS Code: Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Biotechnology) Set-Aside Code: N/A http://prod.nais. nasa.gov/cgiInternet Address: bin/eps/bizops.cgi? gr=D&pin=04#142798