Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nearly singular magnetic fluctuations in the normal state of a high-Tc cuprate superconductor

Polarized and unpolarized neutron scattering was used to measure the wave vector- and frequency-dependent magnetic fluctuations in the normal state (from the superconducting transition temperature, Tc = 35 kelvin, up to 350 kelvin) of single crystals of La1.86Sr0. 14CuO4. The peaks that dominate the fluctuations have amplitudes that decrease as T-2 and widths that increase in proportion to the thermal energy, kBT (where kB is Boltzmann's constant), and energy transfer added in quadrature. The nearly singular fluctuations are consistent with a nearby quantum critical point.
Long‐term therapy and retreatment of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 with ornipressin and dopamine

Peripheral vasodilation is considered an important factor in the pathophysiology of the hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the vasoconstrictor ornipressin plus dopamine in the treatment of the most severe form of HRS, namely HRS type 1. Seven cirrhotic patients (creatinine clearance 15 ± 1 mL/min, UNaV 7 ± 2 mmol/24 h) with HRS type 1 were included in the study after normalization of central venous pressure with intravenous albumin and low‐dose dopamine had failed to prevent further deterioration of renal function. Ornipressin was given continuously (intravenous 6 IU/h) in combination with dopamine (2‐3 μg/kg/min) until creatinine clearance had increased to above 40 mL/min or adverse events prevented further treatment. HRS was reverted in 4 of 7 patients after 5 to 27 days (creatinine clearance 51 ± 4 mL/min, UNaV 47 ± 11 mmol/24 h) of treatment. Withdrawal was necessary in 1 patient after 15 days because of intestinal ischemia. Treatment failure was observed in 2 of 7 patients (creatinine clearance 19 ± 10 mL/min, UNaV 8 ± 3 mmol/24 h). Two of 4 responders had recidivant HRS 2 and 8 months after initial therapy, respectively. HRS in 1 of these patients was reverted with 18 days of ornipressin retreatment. The other patient had to be withdrawn from ornipressin after 2 hours because of ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Altogether, 3 of 7 patients survived HRS type 1, 1 after successful ornipressin therapy and liver transplantation, 1 with 2 successful courses of ornipressin, and 1 with liver transplantation after ornipressin treatment had failed. Thus, ornipressin plus dopamine can be a useful therapeutic option in patients with HRS type 1, especially as bridge to liver transplantation.
The 24h carbohydrate oxidation rate in a human respiratory chamber predicts ad libitum food intake 1 – 3

Background: The 24-h respiratory quotient (24-h RQ) and 24-h carbohydrate balance (24-h CHO-Bal) are predictors of weight change. Whether these relations are mediated by the effects of substrate oxidation and balance on food intake is not known. Objective: We tested whether substrate oxidation and balance predict future ad libitum food intake. Design: Substrate oxidation and balance were measured in a respiratory chamber in 112 normoglycemic subjects (83 Pima Indians and 29 whites; 67 men and 45 women) in energy balance for 3 d before tests were performed. The subjects then self-selected their food ad libitum for the following 3 d. Results: The 24-h RQ, 24-h carbohydrate oxidation (24-h CHOOx), and 24-h CHO-Bal in the respiratory chamber predicted subsequent ad libitum food intake over 3 d (as a percentage of weight maintenance energy needs; %EN-WM). The 24-h CHO-Ox explained 15% of the variance in %EN-WM. The weight change over the 3-d ad libitum period was associated positively with 24-h CHO-Ox and negatively with 24-h CHO-Bal in the chamber; these associations were no longer significant after adjustment
3-d Structure Inference from Image Sequences

We prove here that the observation of occluding contours together with a movement of the camera permits the reconstruction of an observed surface. This result is demonstrated under very light constraints, generalizing previous results. Thus, the technique presented can be applied with any movement of the camera, under perspective projection, with surface C1 by parts or even with lines of discontinuity. It allows recovery of the structure of three-dimensional shapes with complex surfaces.
Sonographically thick placenta: a marker for increased perinatal risk--a prospective cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to determine placental thickness by ultrasound examination throughout pregnancy and establish the correlation of sonographically thick placenta with perinatal mortality and morbidity. Placental thickness was determined by routine sonographic examination throughout pregnancy in 561 normal singleton pregnancies. Thick placenta was determined as placenta that was above the 90th percentile. Gravidae between 20-22 weeks' gestation (n=193) and 32-34 weeks (n=73) were then divided into two groups according to placental thickness. The study group consisted of 44 gravidae with thick placenta. The control group included 151 gravidae with placental thickness between the 10th and 90th percentile. A comparison of perinatal mortality and morbidity rates as well as the incidence of small and large for gestational age neonates was conducted.A linear increase of placental thickness was found to correlate with gestational age throughout pregnancy. No statistical differences were observed between the two groups with regard to obstetrical variables such as maternal age, parity and gestational age at delivery. No correlation was found between placental thickness and maternal age or parity. The incidence of perinatal mortality was significantly higher among gravidae with thick placentae (6.82% versus 0.66 per cent, P=0.037, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.71-70.29). Birthweight at term was found to be above 4000 g in 20.45 per cent of the thick-placenta group as compared to 5.3 per cent in the control group (P=0.001, 95 per cent CI 2.08-13.85), and birthweight of less than 2500 g was found in 15. 9 per cent of the thick-placenta group as compared to 7.3 per cent in the control group (P=0.03, 95 per cent CI 1.11-8.14). The incidence of fetal anomalies was 9.1 per cent in the thick-placenta group and 3.97 per cent in the control group (not significant). Sonographically thick placenta is associated with increased perinatal risk with increased mortality related to fetal anomalies and higher rates of both small for gestational age and large for gestational age infants at term.
Cognitive radio spectrum assignment and handoff decision

Spectrum management task is difficult to achieve in a dynamic and distributed network where cognitive radio users may only make local decision and have to react to the environment changes. In this paper, we describe a novel spectrum management approach for a cognitive radio ad-hoc network. Our proposal is based on multi-agent auctions and provides a decentralized control. First, we implement in a realistic way the auction based protocol for spectrum allocation and handoff decision. We make a comparison between two types of spectrum allocations, which are uni-band and multi-band assignments. Second, we introduce a mechanism that takes into consideration the frequency used by the cognitive radio user during the handoff in order to reduce the number of spectrum handoffs. Then, we integrate a learning module in the cognitive radio users' behaviors to accelerate their spectrum band allocation. Simulation results prove that our algorithm ensures high spectrum utilization rate and confirms the contributions of our protocol in terms of frequency handoff rate and number of users' attempts before spectrum access.
Pulsing Electromagnetic Field Therapy in Nerve Regeneration: An Experimental Study in the Cat

A multidisciplinary approach to the study of peripheral nerve regeneration in the cat has been presented. The purpose of this work has been to determine if pulsing electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy can enhance peripheral nerve regeneration after injury. In equal groups of animals, two types of pulsing electromagnetic field treatment were compared with untreated controls. All animals underwent quantitative electrophysiologic and morphologic assessment at the area of injury. In addition, muscle fiber sizing in the periphery and retrograde labeling of anterior horn motoneurons with horseradish peroxidase were studied. Results have shown no statistical differences between the groups in electrophysiologic or morphologic parameters. However, in animals treated with a pulse-burst electromagnetic field there was a statistically significant improvement in the labeling and localization of anterior horn cells in the central nervous system. These results indicate that pulse-burst electromagnetic radiation can increase the numbers of motor neurons that reestablish appropriate connections to the periphery after nerve injury. It remains to be seen if this improved spinal cord organization can translate to improved peripheral functional return.
Facilitating clinical decision-making about the use of virtual reality within paediatric motor rehabilitation: Application of a classification framework

Aim: Multiple virtual reality (VR) systems are used to improve motor function in children and youth with neurological impairments. Galvin and Levac developed a classification framework to facilitate clinical decision-making about VR system use. This paper applies the classification framework to identify its strengths and limitations. Method: The classification framework is applied to three case studies where therapists may consider using VR with children involved in paediatric rehabilitation programmes. Results: The classification framework identified VR systems that met each child's individual needs. The relevance of each category to clinical decision-making varied depending on each child's goals. Categories requiring further development and suggestions for additional categories are discussed. Conclusions: The classification framework facilitates child-centred decision-making about the use of VR as a therapeutic intervention. It has shown initial utility but requires further validation with clinicians working in a variety of clinical settings and with a range of client populations.
Role of Sonic hedgehog in the development of the trachea and oesophagus.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The secreted glycoprotein, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) plays an important patterning role in the development of many organ systems. The authors aimed to study the temporal and spatial pattern of expression of Shh and its receptor Ptc1 during the development of the anterior foregut and to test the hypothesis that the Shh expression pattern is disturbed during the development of oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) in Adriamycin-treated mouse embryos. METHODS Saline and Adriamycin-treated (4 mg/kg) CBA/Ca embryos were harvested between embryonic days (E) 10.5 and 12.5, and Shh and Ptc1 expression was studied by whole-mount and section in situ hybridisation using digoxygenin-labelled riboprobes. RESULTS At E10.5, saline-treated embryos had an undivided foregut in which the ventrally placed prospective tracheal epithelium was positive for Shh, whereas the dorsal part was negative. At E11.5, this pattern had reversed with the separated trachea becoming negative and the oesophagus gaining expression of Shh. Ptc1 was expressed in the mesoderm adjacent to Shh expressing endoderm at both stages. Affected Adriamycin-treated embryos had an undivided foregut at E11.5, the epithelium of which showed diffuse Shh staining that lacked the dorso-ventral patterning seen in controls. CONCLUSIONS The reversal in the dorso-ventral pattern of Shh expression during the narrow embryologic window in which tracheo-oesophageal separation is initiated suggests that Shh may play an important role in this process. Transient disturbance of this pattern may underlie the abnormal organogenesis in the Adriamycin model.
Biological Control of Pine Sawfly ( Diprion pini L . ) and Molecular Characterisation of Effective Strains

Diprion pini is one of the most important pests in forest trees around the world. Also the pest was determined in pine forests around the Turkey, causing outbreaks in some regions. Therefore, this study aimed to develop bacterial biopesticides, which can be used to control Diprion pini remarkably and at the same time which do not threaten the environment and human health. Bacterial strains which were effective against different pests in some studies were used. Their insecticidal effects were tested on larvae of Diprion pini in vitro on petri dishes. Seven days after applications, some of the tested strains showed more or less insecticidal activity against this pest. The highest activity was obtained for strains FD-17 and FD-1causing 66.7-80% mortality, respectively. The activities of the other bacterial applications were not statistically different from that of the negative control. In conclusion, strains FD-17 and FD-1 are good candidates for use as biological control agents against this economically important pest. These effective strains were characterized to the species level by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. According to the results, both strains have been identified as Bacillus atrophaeus.
A locus for the nystagmus-associated form of episodic ataxia maps to an 11-cM region on chromosome 19p.

Episodic ataxia (EA) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by attacks of generalized ataxia and near-normal neurological function between attacks. Most inherited cases are the result of an autosomal dominant condition with unknown neuropathology. It is heterogeneous and includes at least two distinct forms. In EA-1, attacks last minutes and interictal myokymia may be present. In EA-2, attacks may last hours and interictal nystagmus may occur. We reported linkage in four EA-1 families to chromosome 12p13 and identified mutations in these families in a potassium channel gene, KCNA1. Recently, we reported linkage in two EA-2 families to a 30-cM region on chromosome 19p. This report is based on members of the same two families and one additional kindred. 18 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.
Genetic characterization of the murine Ym1 gene and identification of a cluster of highly homologous genes.

The murine Ym1 gene belongs to a family of mammalian genes that are homologous to the chitinases from lower organisms, such as insects, nematodes, bacteria, and plants. All of these homologous mammalian proteins (except one member) have no demonstrable chitinase activity and therefore cannot be considered chitinases. The biological functions of these proteins remain unknown. However, these proteins may function through binding to carbohydrate polymers. In an effort to characterize the murine Ym1 gene better, we have delineated its genomic structure. We mapped the chromosomal location of the Ym1 gene to a central region of mouse chromosome 3 (in the region syntenic to human chromosome 1p13) and that of another murine chitinase-like gene, Brp39, to a central region of mouse chromosome 1 (in the region syntenic to human chromosome 1q31). In addition, we identified several genes highly homologous to Ym1 that cluster at the Ym1 locus. We show that these genes are expressed selectively in different mouse tissues.
Use of a cocktail of probe substrates for drug-metabolizing enzymes for the assessment of the metabolic capacity of hepatocyte preparations

1. A cocktail of the following probe substrates for human drug-metabolizing enzymes was used to characterize hepatocyte preparations: phenacetin (for CYP1A2), diclofenac (CYP2C9), diazepam (CYP2C19), bufuralol (CYP2D6), midazolam (CYP3A4/5) and 7-hydroxycoumarin (for glucuronidation and sulphation). 2. The cocktail was incubated with cryopreserved human, dog or minipig hepatocytes or with freshly prepared rat hepatocytes. Sample analysis was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in an Open Access environment that allowed less experienced MS operators to login, submit and analyse sample sets using predefined settings without the immediate attendance of an experienced analyst. Intrinsic clearances (CLint) were calculated from the disappearance of the compounds from the incubations. 3. Initially, the cocktail used for human, rat and dog hepatocyte incubations contained 7-ethoxycoumarin instead of 7-hydroxycoumarin. However, 7-ethoxycoumarin had an inhibitory effect on the metabolism of phenacetin. 4. The highest CLint estimated with human and dog hepatocytes was observed for 7-hydroxycoumarin. For rat and minipig hepatocytes, the highest CLint was observed for bufuralol. In incubations with dog and minipig hepatocytes, the lowest CLint was seen with diclofenac, whereas for human and rat hepatocytes, the lowest value was observed with diazepam and phenacetin, respectively. 5. When the cocktail was incubated together with human hepatocytes and 1 μM ketoconazole, the CLint of midazolam was decreased to about 7.5% of the control value, whereas the metabolism of the other cocktail compounds was virtually unaffected by this CYP3A inhibitor. 6. It is suggested that a cocktail of specific human probe substrates for drug-metabolizing enzymes can be used routinely for the determination of the metabolic capacity of hepatocyte preparations in order to ensure the quality and reproducibility of experiments. Moreover, a cocktail of specific probe substrates can also be a useful tool for studies on enzyme inhibition.
Hierarchical multi-tenant pattern

Designing security model for multi-tenancy applications is challenging, especially when we develop a cloud-based system that must support hierarchical users, multiple access levels and hierarchical service data. In this paper, we present hierarchical multi-tenant pattern to model hierarchical multi-tenancy and security aspects (hierarchical data authentication and authorization) of a cloud-based software system. This pattern proposes a consistent and flexible blueprint to manage multiple tenants, security and service data that require hierarchy based on real world scenarios. We hope that our design pattern will be useful for building both PaaS and SaaS frameworks for software providers as well as normal organizations.
Mesospora elongata sp. nov. (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae), a new crustose brown algal species from the Indo-Pacific region

Poong S. -W. , Lim P.-E. , Phang S. -M. , Gerung G.S. , and Kawai H. 2013. Mesospora elongata sp. nov. (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae), a new crustose brown algal species from the Indo-Pacific region. Phycologia 52: 74–81. DOI: 10.2216/12-42.1 Crustose brown algae have relatively simple morphology and anatomy, and the limited characters were a major obstacle in delineating species of Mesospora (Ralfsiales, Phaeophyceae). The type species, Mesospora schmidtii, was described using material collected in Indonesia. A subsequent study, using material from Japan, was identified as M. schmidtii, but we questioned the identity. Therefore, we analyzed morphological characters as well as the plastid-encoded RuBisCO large subunit (rbcL) and mitochondrial-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes using new material obtained from the type locality (Indonesia) and new material obtained from Japan. The molecular phylogenetic analysis distinguished two clades, one representing material from the type location and the other representing an undescribed species from Japan. Therefore, we described Mesospora elongata sp. nov. to encompass the Japanese material. Morphologically, the two species were very similar (i.e. cryptic species); the only obvious difference was the number of cells. We also discussed Hapalospongidion but we concluded that Mesospora should be a distinct genus based on morphology; gene sequence data will be required for Hapalospongidion before the relationship of the two genera is more thoroughly resolved.
A fault-independent transitive closure algorithm for redundancy identification

We present a fault-independent redundancy identification algorithm. The controllabilities and observabilities are defined as Boolean variables and represented on an implication graph. A major enhancement over previously published results is that we include all direct and partial implications, as well as node fixation. The transitive closure, whose computation now requires a new algorithm, provides many redundant faults in a single-pass analysis. Because of these improvements, we obtain better performance than all previous fault-independent methods at execution speeds that are much faster than any exhaustive ATPG. For example, in the s9234 circuit more than half of the redundant faults are found in just 14 seconds on a Spare 5. All 34 redundant faults of c6288 are found in one pass. Besides, our single pass procedure can classify faults according to the causes of their redundancy. The weakness of our method, as we illustrate by examples, lies in the lack of a formulation for the observabilities of fanout stems.
The Effect of Prostaglandin F2α on the Progestogen Content of Ovaries from Pseudopregnant Rats

Summary Prostaglandin F2α was infused into pseudopregnant rats for 2 days (days 5 and 6) at 1 mg/kg/day. The infusion tubing was placed either in the uterine lumen or the right heart. The progestogen content of the ovaries of these animals was compared to that of animals receiving only saline; progesterone levels were decreased and 20α-dihydroprogesterone concentrations were increased. Vaginal smear records of pseudopregnant rats receiving PGF2α subcutaneously showed a shortening of pseudopregnancy to 7 days from a normal of 14 days. This information supports an indirect mechanism for local luteal control by uterine tissue.
Operation, control technique of parallel connected high power three-phase inverters

This work presents a new control technique, which implement N+1 redundant parallel operation for three-phase inverter modules. Experiments are presented to verify the theoretical discussion with four three-phase 40 kVA inverter modules. As a result, this scheme can achieve excellent characteristics both in steady states and in transient states.
Learning and Prediction based on a Relational Hidden Markov Model

In this paper we show a novel method on how the well-established hidden markov model and the relational markov model can be combined to the relational hidden markov model to solve currently unrecognized challenging problems of the original models. Our presented methods allows for prediction on different granularity level depending on the validity of the underlying observations. We demonstrate the use of this new method based on a spatio-temporal qualitative representation and validate the approach in the RoboCupSoccer multi-
Testing methods for MR safety and compatibility of medical devices

Magnetic resonance (MR) safety and image compatibility are important issues when using medical devices in the environment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MR testing of medical devices is required for device approval by the FDA and the EU notified bodies. Testing methods have been established for basic issues and were published as first ASTM International standards (formerly ASTM, the American Society of Testing and Materials). Moreover, individual safety concerns such as the safe functioning of the device and the MR system are a necessity for medical devices within an MR environment. Standardized tests increase the safety of the patient and support both the MR user and the device manufacturers. This paper describes the state of the art of MR testing methods and requirements for medical devices.