Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Wisdom with Universal Appeal: Dynamics of Indonesian Culture in Asian Context

This paper argues that the dynamics of Indonesian culture in Asian context, as seen from a linguistic perspective, may occur in the form of cultural reinterpretation and semantic change. At the cultural level, this paper takes a close look at two things: apology and “Indonglish” (Indonesian English). Apology is a universal speech act. However, where, when, how, and why people apologize to one another can be culture-specific. I pick out an Islam-specific greeting which gets modified by taking a Malay-specific apology as an illustrative example. As for Indonglish, it can be viewed either as a mock term or as a serious term. As a mock term, Indonglish is characterized by Indonesian-specific errors; and as a serious sociolinguistic term, it is characterized by apology, Indonesian address terms, and religion-related expressions. The semantic change pertains to three expressions: pancasila, bhinneka tunggal ika, and tut wuri handayani . The compound word pancasila means ‘five principles’, and the phrase bhinneka tunggal ika means ‘unity in diversity’. Both expressions originate from an old Javanese literary work Sutasoma , written during the second half of the 14 th century. In Sutasoma , both expressions refer respectively to ‘five moral principles in Buddhism’ and ‘a single religious truth proposed to unite Buddhism and Hinduism’. However, in modern Indonesia, they have undergone drastic semantic change. Pancasila is a cover politico-philosophical term for the five state foundations; and bhinneka tunggal ika is a national motto intended to unite people with different backgrounds into a single Indonesian nation. The last expression tut wuri handayani , or ‘giving support from behind’, was part of the educational motto for Taman Siswa, an educational institution established in the early 1920s. Now, it is taken as a motto for national education, for its great relevance to principles of modern educational psychology. Briefly, cultural dynamics are observable in apology and Indonglish; and the three local expressions originating from Javanese have now become prominent terms of national treasure, whose meanings spark some global appeal. Keywords: cultural reinterpretation, semantic change, apology, Indonglish.
An exploration of health‐related quality of life in adults with haemophilia – a qualitative perspective

Summary. Musculoskeletal dysfunction is a common feature of haemophilia and along with other manifestations of this condition, there is a general perception that health‐related quality of life (QoL) will be affected. Previous research using standardized questionnaires has demonstrated that QoL is lower in haemophilia groups compared with normal populations. However, disability studies and interviews with disabled people suggest that many disabled people experience positive life changes as a result of their illness and an affirmative model of disability has been proposed. A qualitative study involving focus groups and interviews was undertaken to explore these issues in a group of 19 severely affected adults with haemophilia. The focus groups and interviews were tape recorded and fully transcribed and the results subjected to thematic analysis. This paper focuses specifically on key issues that impacted on perceptions of QoL. The findings suggest that the participants’ perceptions of their QoL were very positive. Possible reasons for this are proposed including the benefits of factor replacement, participants' recollections of their lifestyle before factor replacement, that having haemophilia was integral to the ‘self’ and finding a niche where they could be successful. A more positive affirmation of haemophilia may need to be considered when developing QoL measures.
Inter-regional comparison of land-use effects on stream metabolism

SUMMARY 1. Rates of whole-system metabolism (production and respiration) are fundamental indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Although first-order, proximal controls are well understood, assessments of the interactions between proximal controls and distal controls, such as land use and geographic region, are lacking. Thus, the influence of land use on stream metabolism across geographic regions is unknown. Further, there is limited understanding of how land use may alter variability in ecosystem metabolism across regions. 2. Stream metabolism was measured in nine streams in each of eight regions (n = 72) across the United States and Puerto Rico. In each region, three streams were selected from a range of three land uses: agriculturally influenced, urban-influenced, and reference streams. Stream metabolism was estimated from diel changes in dissolved oxygen concentrations in each stream reach with correction for reaeration and groundwater input.
The physics of galaxy evolution with EAGLE

One of the prominent science goal of the ELTs will be to study the physics and mass assembly of galaxies at very high redshifts. Here, we present the galaxy evolution science case for EAGLE, which is a NIR multi-integral field spectrograph for the E-ELT currently under phase A study. We summarize results of simulations conducted to derive high-level requirements. In particular, we show how we have derived the specifications for the ensquared energy that the AO system needs to provide to reach the scientific goals of the instrument. Finally, we present future strategies to conduct galaxy surveys with EAGLE.
Eecient On-line Call Control Algorithms

We study the problem of on-line call control, i.e., the problem of accepting or rejecting an incoming call without knowledge of future calls. The problem is part of the more general problem of bandwidth allocation and management. Intuition suggests that knowledge of future call arrivals can be crucial to the performance of the system. In this paper, however, we present deterministic on-line call control algorithms. We use competitive analysis to measure their performance, i.e. we compare them to their o -line, clairvoyant counterparts. We also prove the optimality of some of our algorithms. The model we consider in this paper is that of a line of nodes, and investigate a variety of cases concerning the value of the calls. The value is accrued only if the call terminates successfully; otherwise|if the call is rejected, or prematurely terminated|no value is gained. The performance of the algorithm is then measured by the cumulative value achieved, when given a sequence of calls. The variety of call value criteria that we study|constant; proportional to the length of the call's route; proportional to its holding time|captures the many natural cost assignments to network services. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in Proc. 2nd Israel Symp. on the Theory of Computing and Systems, Natanya, Israel, June 1993. IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 704, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598. Computer Science Department, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
Component-based engineering of distributed control and automation software

In this article a brief introduction to the IEC61499 standard is made. This standard proposes reference architecture and language constructs for developing event-based software models for distributed control and automation systems. Based on this standard, a methodology is presented addressing a systematic stepwise software development for automation applications. The first step considers a high level abstract design of the software by the use of the Composite Function Block concept of the standard and the subsequent steps address the fine grained development of models for the components of the first step abstract design. At the final step the executable code is generated. Available software engineering tools that can be utilized to support the design steps are also presented.
Maternal prenatal smoking and offspring emotional problems: No moderating effect of maternal or child 5‐HTTLPR genotype

In a recent paper, Cents and others (2012) demonstrated a novel interaction effect of a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and maternal prenatal smoking on offspring emotional (internalizing) problems at age 3 in a sample of 1,529 Dutch mother-child dyads. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism has previously been shown to moderate effects of stressful life-events and childhood maltreatment on depression (Karg and others, 2011). Cents and others (2012) extended those findings to the period of fetal life using maternal prenatal smoking as the environmental risk factor, and offspring emotional problems at age 3 as the outcome measure. Cents and others (2012) did not find a significant main effect of the 5- HTTLPR genotype or maternal prenatal smoking on offspring emotional problems, but detected an interaction effect. Having the short allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in combination with maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased emotional problems at age 3 as rated by the mother. A similar interaction was observed for maternal 5-HTTLPR genotype and this effect was independent of the child’s genotype, suggesting that maternal serotonin levels influence fetal development. The interactions remained significant after correction for maternal educational level, maternal psychopathology, and age and sex of the child. Maternal rater bias was controlled for by alternatively using paternal ratings of offspring emotional problems which showed comparable results. Moreover, when Cents and others (2012) repeated the analyses using paternal prenatal smoking as a predictor instead of maternal prenatal smoking, no interaction with 5-HTTLPR was observed, providing additional support for a direct effect of prenatal tobacco exposure as opposed to confounding effects.
Complexity of Memory-Efficient Kronecker Operations with Applications to the Solution of Markov Models

We present new algorithms for the solution of large structured Markov models whose infinitesimal generator can be expressed as a Kronecker expression of sparse matrices. We then compare them with the shuffle-based method commonly used in this context and show how our new algorithms can be advantageous in dealing with very sparse matrices and in supporting both Jacobi-style and Gauss-Seidel-style methods with appropriate multiplication algorithms. Our main contribution is to show how solution algorithms based on Kronecker expression can be modified to consider probability vectors of size equal to the "actual" state space instead of the "potential" state space, thus providing space and time savings. The complexity of our algorithms is compared under different sparsity assumptions. A nontrivial example is studied to illustrate the complexity of the implemented algorithms.
Various Determinant Factors of Production Technology Adoption in Creative Souvenir Micro Enterprise

This study aims to examine the existence of several factors that determine the power of the adoption of production technology on micro souvenirs creative enterprise. The location of the research was determined purposely in Purbalingga Wetan Subdistrict, Purbalingga District, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Research respondents numbered 28 people. The results showed that the various determinants of the adoption of production technology have economic, social and environmental motives. The power of influence of each factor is also distinct. The adoption of different craftsmen resulted in the quality of souvenir products from coconut waste being unequal. Some have a motif design according to market trend. Product price level is feasible. However, some products are only produced semi-finished. The price of this product is relatively lower. The economic feasibility of craftsmen is closely related to the rate of adoption of production technology. There are small number (<25 percent) of craftsmen use mechanical technology. The rest is still aided on the traditional manual techniques in processing waste coconut into souvenirs or creative handicraft.
Hairline Fracture Detection using MRF and Gibbs Sampling

Detection of hairline fractures, representing points or areas of discontinuity in the bone, is a clinically challenging task, especially in presence of noise. The above problem is equally appealing from a computer vision or pattern recognition perspective since (a) traditional techniques for detection of corners, denoting points of surface discontinuity, typically fail in such cases and, (b) one needs to implicitly handle unknown local degradation in the image. A novel two-phase scheme for hairline mandibular fracture detection, that is robust to noise, is proposed. In the first phase, the hairline fractures are coarsely localized using statistical correlation and by exploiting the bilateral symmetry of the human mandible. In the second phase, the fractures are precisely identified and highlighted using a Markov random field (MRF) modeling approach coupled with maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimation. Gibbs sampling is used to maximize the posterior probability. Experimental results on computer tomography (CT) scans from real patients are presented
Grasping the transformational dynamics of digital health by integratingthe perceptions of actors

Le developpement des usages de la sante numerique est apprehende actuellement comme une source de transformation du systeme de sante pouvant remodeler substantiellement son fonctionnement. Fondee sur un questionnaire s’adressant aux professionnels du systeme de sante, cette recherche analyse les transformations organisationnelles de la sante numerique a partir des perceptions des acteurs relatives aux usages souhaites de ces dispositifs technologiques dans les modalites de prise en charge des patients et de gestion du risque. Pour etudier ces perceptions dans une perspective transformationnelle, notre analyse se fonde sur une grille de lecture encore peu utilisee en systemes d’information : le modele « Marche, Hierarchie et Communaute » de Paul S. Adler (Adler, 2001 ; Adler et al., 2008). Structure autour des grands ideaux-types de l’action organisee, ce modele constitue un canevas theorique interessant pour interroger les acteurs sur les orientations des transformations organisationnelles associees a l’usage de nouvelles technologies. Notre recherche se propose de repondre aux questions suivantes : quelles sont les perceptions des professionnels du systeme de sante quant aux usages souhaites de la sante numerique ? Existe-t-il une perception dominante ou encore des tensions entre plusieurs perceptions d’usages ? Comment ces perceptions permettent-elles d’eclairer les transformations organisationnelles de la sante numerique, ainsi que les sources d’inertie associees ? La principale contribution de cette recherche est de proposer une analyse de l’espace de choix des acteurs en situation de transformation a partir de leurs perceptions des usages souhaites des dispositifs technologiques. L’analyse de ces perceptions d’usages permet, en effet, de se projeter dans des situations anticipees de transformation, reliant ainsi les niveaux micro (les professionnels), meso (les organisations) et macro (le systeme de sante) d’un processus de changement.
Generalized K-Harmonic Means - Dynamic Weighting of Data in Unsupervised Learning

We propose a new class of center-based iterative clustering algorithms, K-Harmonic Means (KHMp), which is essentially insensitive to the initialization of the centers, demonstrated through many experiments. The insensitivity to initialization is attributed to a dynamic weighting function, which increases the importance of the data points that are far from any centers in the next iteration. The dependency of the K-Means’ and EM’s performance on the initialization of the centers has been a major problem. Many have tried to generate good initializations to solve the sensitivity problem. KHMp addresses the intrinsic problem by replacing the minimum distance from a data point to the centers, used in K-Means, by the Harmonic Averages of the distances from the data point to all centers. KHMp significantly improves the quality of clustering results comparing with both K-Means and EM. The KHMp algorithms have been implemented in both sequential and parallel languages and tested on hundreds of randomly generated datasets with different data distribution and clustering characteristics.
CAROLS: A New Airborne L-Band Radiometer for Ocean Surface and Land Observations

The “Cooperative Airborne Radiometer for Ocean and Land Studies” (CAROLS) L-Band radiometer was designed and built as a copy of the EMIRAD II radiometer constructed by the Technical University of Denmark team. It is a fully polarimetric and direct sampling correlation radiometer. It is installed on board a dedicated French ATR42 research aircraft, in conjunction with other airborne instruments (C-Band scatterometer—STORM, the GOLD-RTR GPS system, the infrared CIMEL radiometer and a visible wavelength camera). Following initial laboratory qualifications, three airborne campaigns involving 21 flights were carried out over South West France, the Valencia site and the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean) in 2007, 2008 and 2009, in coordination with in situ field campaigns. In order to validate the CAROLS data, various aircraft flight patterns and maneuvers were implemented, including straight horizontal flights, circular flights, wing and nose wags over the ocean. Analysis of the first two campaigns in 2007 and 2008 leads us to improve the CAROLS radiometer regarding isolation between channels and filter bandwidth. After implementation of these improvements, results show that the instrument is conforming to specification and is a useful tool for Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite validation as well as for specific studies on surface soil moisture or ocean salinity.
Cognitive Work Analysis: Toward Safe, Productive, and Healthy Computer-Based Work

Contents: J. Rasmussen, Foreword. Preface. Part I: Introduction. What's in a Word? (Glossary). What's the Problem? Scope and Criteria for Success. Why Work Analysis? An Ecological Perspective. Part II: Three Approaches to Work Analysis. Normative Approaches to Work Analysis: "The One Best Way? " Descriptive Approaches to Work Analysis: "What Workers Really Do. " Toward a Formative Approach to Work Analysis: "Workers Finish the Design. " Part III: Cognitive Work Analysis in Action. Case Study: Process Control. Phase 1: Work Domain Analysis. Phase 2: Control Tasks Analysis. Phase 3: Strategies Analysis. Phase 4: Social Organization and Cooperation Analysis. Phase 5: Worker Competencies Analysis. Implications for Design and Research. Part IV: Final Words. Designing for Adaptation: Safety, Productivity, and Health and the Global Knowledge-Based Economy. Appendix: Historical Addendum.
Doubts and Dogmatism in Conflict Behaviour

We consider a conflict under incomplete information where two opponents fight to impose their preferred policy. Before the conflict, one opponent (the agent) trusts the information received by his principal. Under some conditions, the principal induces hawkish attitudes in the agent: the agent never doubts the optimality of his preferred policy, conflicts are violent, and bad decisions are sometimes made. Under other conditions, the agent believes that his opponent may be right, even when all evidence indicates that the policy preferred by the opponent is certainly suboptimal. In this case, the agent adopts dovish attitudes and conflicts are less violent.
Abundances in metal-rich stars. Detailed abundance analysis of 47 G and K dwarf stars with [Me/H] > 0.10 dex

We have derived elemental abundances of O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni as well as for a number of s-elements for 47 G and K dwarf, with [Me/H]>0.1 dex. The selection of stars was based on their kinematics as well as on their uvby-beta photometry. One sample of stars on rather eccentric orbits traces the chemical evolution interior to the solar orbit and another, on circular orbits, the evolution around the solar orbit. A few Extreme Population I stars were included in the latter sample. The stars have -0.1 dex 0.1 dex. The increase in [Na/Fe] and [Al/Fe] as a function of [Fe/H] found previously by cite[Edvardsson et al. (1993a)]{Edv93} has been confirmed for [Na/Fe]. This upturning relation, and the scatter around it, are shown not to be due to a mixture of populations with different mean distances to the galactic centre. We do not confirm the same trend for aluminium, which is somewhat surprising since both these elements are thought to be produced in the same environments in the pre-supernova stars. Nor have we been able to trace any tendency for relative abundances of O, Si, and Ti relative to Fe to vary with the stellar velocities, i.e. the stars present mean distance to the galactic centre. These results imply that there is no significant difference in the chemical evolution of the different stellar populations for stars with [Me/H]>0.1 dex. We find that [O/Fe] continue to decline with increasing [Fe/H] and that oxygen and europium correlate well. However [Si/Fe] and [Ca/Fe] seem to stay constant. A real (``cosmic'') scatter in [Ti/Fe] at given [Fe/H] is suggested as well as a decreasing abundance of the s-elements relative to iron for the most metal-rich dwarf stars. We discuss our results in the context of recent models of galactic chemical evolution. In our sample we have included a few very metal rich stars, sometimes called SMR (super metal rich) stars. We find these stars to be among the most iron-rich in our sample but far from as metal-rich as indicated by their photometric metallicities. SMR stars on highly eccentric orbits, alleged to trace the evolution of the chemical evolution in the galactic Bulge, have previously been found overabundant in O, Mg and Si. We have included three such stars from the study by cite[Barbuy & Grenon (1990)]{Bar90}. We find them to be less metal rich and the other elemental abundances remain puzzling. Detailed spectroscopic abundance analyses of K dwarf stars are rare. Our study includes 5 K dwarf stars and has revealed what appears to be a striking example of overionization. The overionization is especially prominent for Ca, Cr and Fe. The origin of this apparent overionization is not clear and we discuss different explanations in some detail. Based on observations at the McDonald Observatory. (Less)
An Introduction To Artificial Life

To conduct a formal investigation of the issue, von Neumann used a model conceived by his colleague, the mathematician Stanislaw Ulam. The model, called Cellular Automata, consists of a large grid of cells (similar to a chess board), each possessing a certain color at a given moment (every color represents a specific state). All cells change colors simultaneously such that the color of a cell at the next time step depends only on its color at the current time step and the colors of its four immediate neighbors (north, south, east, and west). The principle that guides color transformations is applied identically to all cells and is referred to as the rule. For example, a simple rule for a two-color (black/white) grid sets the color of a cell at the next time step to black if it has an even number of black neighbors, and white if it has an odd number of black neighbors.
Meromorphic Potentials and Smooth CMC Surfaces

This work is based on the approach developed by J.~Dorfmeister, F. ~Pedit and H. ~Wu [GANG and KITCS preprint, Report KITCS94-4-1] to construct maps $\Phi:D\rightarrow R^3$, $D$ being the unit disk in $C$, whose images are surfaces of constant mean curvature. They start from certain meromorphic one forms, so called meromorphic potentials, which take values in a twisted loop algebra over $su(2)$. The authors give necessary and sufficient conditions on the meromorphic potential for the constructed map $\Phi$ to be an immersion. This revision corrects several misprints and minor TeX problems.