Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Malaria prevalence and incidence in an isolated, meso-endemic area of Mozambique

Isolated areas, such as the 2 × 7 km peninsula of Linga Linga in Mozambique, are the places where malaria might be most easily eliminated. Currently available control strategies include long-lasting insecticidal bednets impregnated with pyrethroid insecticides (LLINs), rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for diagnosis and artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT) for treatment and these were applied on the peninsula. In 2007, following a census of the population and mapping of 500 households, five annual all-age prevalence surveys were conducted. Information on LLIN use, house construction, and animal ownership was obtained. A spatially structured generalized additive model indicated that malaria risk was greatest towards the northern end of the peninsula and that people living in houses with grass or thatch roofs had a greater risk of malaria than those living in houses with corrugated iron roofs. Incidence peaked nine weeks after rainfall (r2 = 0.34, p = 0.0002). From 2009 incidence was measured at a centrally based project clinic. The proportion of under nine-year-old resident attendees diagnosed with malaria decreased significantly from 48% in 2009, to 35% in 2010 and 25% in 2011. At the same time, there was a shift in the peak age of cases from 1–4 year olds to 5–9 year olds. Nevertheless, in order to further reduce malaria transmission in an area such as Linga Linga, additional vector control measures need to be considered.
Neuronal processes that underlie expression of kindled epileptiform events in the piriform cortex in vivo

Recent studies with kindling and convulsant drug models of epilepsy suggest that the piriform (primary olfactory) cortex may be particularly susceptible to generation of epileptiform activity. The present study has examined the generation of interictal epileptiform events in the piriform cortex of kindled rats in vivo, taking advantage of special features of this system that facilitate physiological analysis. The investigation included analysis of extracellular and intracellular potentials, and membrane currents computed by current source density (CSD) analysis. In pyramidal cells, epileptiform events consisted of an initial EPSP that occurred in all-or-none fashion and a long-lasting IPSP with Cl(-)- and K(+)-mediated components. Onset of the IPSP was sufficiently fast that firing evoked by the EPSP was consistently limited to single action potentials. CSD analysis revealed the presence of two distinctly different excitatory epileptiform currents: an initial inward current of unknown origin that is widely distributed over depth, and a second much larger inward current at the depths of proximal apical and basal dendrites of pyramidal cells. It was concluded that this second component is mediated by the associational projections of pyramidal cells excited by the first component. Since these heavy associational projections also extend to neighboring areas including the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and insular and orbitofrontal areas of neocortex, this second component could be widely propagated within the basal forebrain. An important finding was that the EPSP generated by this associational pathway was completely blocked in cell bodies of pyramidal cells in piriform cortex by the IPSP during most events. This IPSP may therefore play a critical role in limiting seizure activity by preventing reverberating positive feedback in the pyramidal cell population. It can be speculated that compromise of this IPSP, as by repetitive activation by the shock trains used for kindling, leads to prolonged epileptic activity in the piriform cortex and the many limbic structures to which it projects.
Turchin's Relation and Subsequence Relation in Loop Approximation

The paper studies the subsequence relation through a notion of an intransitive binary relation on words in traces generated by prefix-rewriting systems. The relation was introduced in 1988 by V.F. Turchin for loop approximation in supercompilation. We study properties of this relation and introduce some refinements of the subsequence relation that inherit the useful features of Turchin’s relation.
FABRICATION AND PROPERTIES OF RAPID THERMALLY PROCESSED CARBON NANOFIBERS

The fabrication and properties of carbon nanofibers are interesting because of the fiber’s expected conductivity properties. If we can successfully control the fabrication and manipulation of carbon nanofibers we should be able to build nanoscale electronics. In this attempt, we have been able to successfully control some of the properties for the fabrication of nanofibers. Carbon nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning a polymer solution, polyacrylonitrile, and then heating it on a vacuum furnace. Thermal analysis helped us determine the minimum heating temperature that the fibers must be exposed to obtain carbon fibers. The relationship between voltage, and the amount of solvent, with the thickness of the fibers was studied using a scanning electron microscope. A strongly non-linear relationship between the voltage and the thickness suggests a sinusoidal relationship. On the other hand, a linear relationship between the amount of solvent and the inverse of the thickness was observed. The resistivity of a single carbon fiber was studied; its total resistance agreed with the sum of the resistances of smaller sections. This implies that the resistance along the carbon fiber is linear. Raman microscopy established the chemical bonding of the carbon nanofibers as a function of the heating temperature.
RANKL coordinates multiple osteoclastogenic pathways by regulating expression of ubiquitin ligase RNF146

Bone undergoes continuous remodeling due to balanced bone formation and resorption mediated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. Osteoclasts arise from the macrophage lineage, and their differentiation is dependent on RANKL, a member of the TNF family of cytokines. Here, we have provided evidence that RANKL controls the expression of 3BP2, an adapter protein that is required for activation of SRC tyrosine kinase and simultaneously coordinates the attenuation of &bgr;-catenin, both of which are required to execute the osteoclast developmental program. We found that RANKL represses the transcription of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF146 through an NF-&kgr;B–related inhibitory element in the RNF146 promoter. RANKL-mediated suppression of RNF146 results in the stabilization of its substrates, 3BP2 and AXIN1, which consequently triggers the activation of SRC and attenuates the expression of &bgr;-catenin, respectively. Depletion of RNF146 caused hypersensitivity to LPS-induced TNF-&agr; production in vivo. RNF146 thus acts as an inhibitory switch to control osteoclastogenesis and cytokine production and may be a control point underlying the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases.
MIgories: an abstract model for interaction

Recent advances in high throughput data acquisition and data storage technologies call for designing distributed agents that are able to learn This paper proposes a new abstract framework for modelling interactions among agents in multi-agent organizations. The proposed model – the model of interaction categories, or MIgories exhibits compositionality of interactions as well as emergence of behavior that is not explicitly designed at the organizational level. The proposed framework is expressive enough to model some of the commonly observed interactions in both natural as well as artificial organizations. More importantly, it allows us to specify and analyze interactions in multi-agent organizations at a fairly high level of abstraction, independent of specific implementations.
Sparse Bayesian Feature Selection Applied to Intestinal Motility Analysis

In this paper we propose an innovative automatic system for diagnosing severe intestinal motility dysfunctions based on a joint feature selection and classifier learning. A novel acquisition technology, the Wireless Capsule Video Endoscopy, is used as source of data and visual information is exploited to characterize intestinal motility dysfunctions. In particular, the method automatically selects the most relevant visual features among a set of them defined by medical experts and, simultaneously, carries out the classification training. Thus, the dimension of the input data is reduced without any accuracy loss. To assess the accuracy of the proposed method we use the results obtained with the currently applied invasive diagnosis test, the manometry.
The curse of variety in computing, and what can be done about it

Excess freedom in how computers are used creates problems that include: bit rot, problems with big data, problems in the creation and debugging of software, and problems with cyber security. To tame excess freedom, "tough love" is needed in the form of a {\em universal framework for the representation and processing of diverse kinds of knowledge} (UFK). The "SP machine", based on the "SP theory of intelligence", has the potential to provide that framework and to help solve the problems above. There is potential to reduce the near-4000 different kinds of computer file to one, and to reduce the hundreds of different computer languages to one.
Mining Mechanism of Top-k Influential Nodes Based on Voting Algorithm in Mobile Social Networks

In recent years, evaluating the influence of nodes and finding top-k influential nodes in social networks, has drawn a wide attention and has become a hot-pot research issue. Considering the characteristics of social networks, we present a novel mechanism to mine the top-k influential nodes in mobile social networks. The proposed mechanism is based on the behaviors analysis of SMS/MMS (simple messaging service / multimedia messaging service) communication between mobile users. We introduce the complex network theory to build a social relation graph, which is used to reveal the relationship among people's social contacts and messages sending. Moreover, intimacy degree is also introduced to characterize social frequency among nodes. Election mechanism is hired to find the most influential node, and then a heap sorting algorithm is used to sort the voting results to find the k most influential nodes. The experimental results show that the mechanism can finds out the most influential top-k nodes efficiently and effectively.
Modified Gravity: Cosmology without dark matter or Einstein's cosmological constant

We explore the cosmological consequences of Modified Gravity (MOG), and find that it provides, using a minimal number of parameters, good fits to data, including CMB temperature anisotropy, galaxy power spectrum, and supernova luminosity-distance observations without exotic dark matter. MOG predicts a bouncing cosmology with a vacuum energy term that yields accelerating expansion and an age of ~13 billion years.
Reflexivity and bracketing in sociological phenomenological research: researching the competitive swimming lifeworld

ABSTRACT In this article, following on from earlier debates in the journal regarding the ‘thorny issue’ of epochē and bracketing in sociological phenomenological research, we consider more generally the challenges of engaging in reflexivity and bracketing when undertaking ethnographic ‘insider’ research, or research in familiar settings. We ground our discussion and illustrate some of the key challenges by drawing on the experience of undertaking this research approach with a group of competitive swimmers, who were participating in a British university performance swimming programme at the time of the doctoral study. The primary researcher was highly familiar with the phenomenon of competitive swimming, having been both a competitive swimmer and swimming coach. Some of the key elements of a sociological phenomenological approach to studying physical-cultural embodiment are first delineated, before addressing the considerable challenges of engaging in sustained reflexivity and bracketing, using the swimming research for illustrative purposes. We suggest some practical ways in which researchers in sport and physical cultures might approach epochē and bracketing in ethnographic ‘insider’ research.
Statistical reliability analysis of NBTI impact on FinFET SRAMs and mitigation technique using independent-gate devices

As planar MOSFETs is approaching its physical scaling limits, FinFET becomes one of the most promising alternative structure to keep on the industry scaling-down trend for future technology generations of 22 nm and beyond. In this paper, we propose a statistical model of Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) tailored for FinFET SRAM Arrays. The model build upon an extension of the reaction-diffusion theory such that it can cover the natural variations encountered in nanoscale MOSFET circuits. Dynamic NBTI stress on SRAM cells is modeled by using stochastic input signals. A mitigation technology for minimizing the NBTI aging is also demonstrated by taking advantage of the independent-gate FinFET device structure using threshold voltage adjustment. We evaluated the impact of our proposal on the RAM stability by means of SPICE simulations with the BSIM-IMGModel for 22nm FinFET devices. Our simulations conducted at an accelerated temperature 125°C for 108 seconds (~3 years) indicate that a Vth compensation of 0.2V can almost preserve the WRITE and HOLD stability of the fresh device even after 3 years, while for the READ stability the compensation mechanism is less effective. However, the READ Static Noise Margin (SNM) experiences an insignificant decrease over the 3 years time span in the presence of a Vth compensation, while without compensation it decreases by a x4 factor. Thus we can conclude that the proposed technique can improve the stability of SRAM array during its operational life, hence improve the performance and reliability of the system.
A Femtocell-Assisted Data Forwarding Protocol in Relay Enhanced LTE Networks

The femtocell networks, which is a small cellular base station in home and small business environment, is an attractive solution for operators to improve indoor coverage and network capability. In addition, relaying is one of the proposed technique for future releases of UTRAN Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks which aims to increase the coverage and capability of LTE networks. A LTE network is called as relay enhanced LTE network if the LTE network adopting the relays. A user can handover not only two relays, but also between relays and base stations, and two base stations. It is important to provide a seamlessly handover solution in the relay enhanced LTE network. During mobility, the packet loss problem is occurred if some packets are sent to the previous base station (or relay) when a user equipment (UE) is already handover to the current base station (or relay). To solve this problem, a data forwarding procedure is performed to re-direct these buffered packets from the previous base station (or relay) to the current base station (or relay). In this paper, we develop a new data forwarding protocol with the assistance of femtocells, called as a femtocell-assisted data forwarding, in the relay enhanced LTE networks to provide a seamlessly handover result with the low packet loss rate and the high throughput. Finally, the simulation results illustrate that our proposed protocol outperforms the existing data forwarding scheme.
Provision of healthy school meals does not affect the metabolic syndrome score in 8–11-year-old children, but reduces cardiometabolic risk markers despite increasing waist circumference

An increasing number of children are exhibiting features of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) including abdominal fatness, hypertension, adverse lipid profile and insulin resistance. Healthy eating practices during school hours may improve the cardiometabolic profile, but there is a lack of evidence. In the present study, the effect of provision of school meals rich in fish, vegetables and fibre on a MetS score (primary outcome) and on individual cardiometabolic markers and body composition (secondary outcomes) was investigated in 834 Danish school children. The study was carried out as a cluster-randomised, controlled, non-blinded, cross-over trial at nine schools. Children aged 8–11 years received freshly prepared school lunch and snacks or usual packed lunch from home (control) each for 3 months. Dietary intake, physical activity, cardiometabolic markers and body composition were measured at baseline and after each dietary period. The school meals did not affect the MetS score (P= 1·00). However, it was found that mean arterial pressure was reduced by 0·4 (95 % CI 0·0, 0·8) mmHg (P= 0·04), fasting total cholesterol concentrations by 0·05 (95 % CI 0·02, 0·08) mmol/l (P= 0·001), HDL-cholesterol concentrations by 0·02 (95 % CI 0·00, 0·03) mmol/l, TAG concentrations by 0·02 (95 % CI 0·00, 0·04) mmol/l (both P< 0·05), and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance by 0·10 (95 % CI 0·04, 0·16) points (P= 0·001) compared with the control diet in the intention-to-treat analyses. Waist circumference increased 0·5 (95 % CI 0·3, 0·7) cm (P< 0·001), but BMI z-score remained unaffected. Complete-case analyses and analyses adjusted for household educational level, pubertal status and physical activity confirmed the results. In conclusion, the school meals did not affect the MetS score in 8–11-year-olds, as small improvements in blood pressure, TAG concentrations and insulin resistance were counterbalanced by slight undesired effects on waist circumference and HDL-cholesterol concentrations.
A strategy for mesh client mobility support in wireless mesh networks

Mesh Client (MC) may be frequently move from the current SMAP to another SMAP in the Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN). The most of the present research papers on WMN assume that the MC is static or quasi static. However, MC may constantly move actually, which connection interruption and packet loss may occur. To solve these problems this paper presents a mobility support strategy for WMN, which consists of two parts: address assignment and mobility management.
The brightness of the galactic radio loops at 1420 MHz: Some indications for the existence of Loops V and VI

In this article we use 1420 MHz data to demonstrate the likely reality of Galactic radio Loops V and VI. We further estimate distances and spectral indices for both these and the four main radio loops. In the cases of Loops I–IV, radio spectral indices are calculated from the mean brightnesses at 1420 and 820/404 MHz. The spectral indices of Loops V and VI are obtained from T –T plots between 1420 and 408 MHz. Using the supernova remnant (SNR) hypothesis for the origin of radio loops, distances are calculated from the surface brightnesses and the angular diameters at 1420 MHz. We also study how results for brightnesses and distances of radio loops agree with current theories of SNR evolution. For this purpose, the ambient density and initial explosion energy of the loops are discussed. We also discuss applications of different Σ–D relations. The results obtained confirm a non-thermal origin and nearby locations for the Galactic radio loops. Therefore, we have indications that they are very old SNRs that evolve in low ambient densities, with high initial explosion energies. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A VISUAL INTERACTION MODEL FOR A REFLECTIVE OBJECT-ORIENTED RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT

Computer users of all levels of expertise interact with a large variety of data types and functions during a typical session. Although some software models are becoming more homogeneous, modular and reusable, there is little or no reflection of this in the corresponding user interfaces. The purpose of this paper is to investigate by implementation the feasibility of a visual interaction model for a reflective object oriented runtime environment. Attention will be paid to visualization of heterogeneous data types, including tree and graph models, runtime interactivity and customizability. The implementation is compared to existing visual programming environments and user interfaces, and a reference implementation is presented.
Status of work on AOP at the OCM

The OCM (Objects, Components, Models) group of the computer science department at Ecole des Mines de Nantes is interested in Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP). This report is a collection of three short articles presenting work in progress at our lab. We focus on two approaches: AOP from a monitoring perspective (articles 1 and 2) and different approaches to achieve AOP weaving (article 3). Whereas separation of concern is a most relevant and powerful concept, there are still few dedicated tools to implement this notion. Recently, AspectJ [KIC01] provides a first practical solution by offering both a domain specific language for defining crosscuts and a corresponding code weaver. In this article, we argue that crosscutting is the key notion of AOP which sets it apart from other code structuring techniques. We present execution monitors as a very general and operational model for crosscuts. This model should help to design better crosscut languages and code weavers. Customer requests Controller Service s c=select_customer prepare service call Billing ? charge(c, s) call_service(s) We believe that crosscutting is the key notion of AOP. Crosscuts relate together different program points or execution points such that common functionality can be inserted there. Imagine a controller (cf. the illustration above) that is intended to make secure a communication between clients and servers which are not security-aware. A typical way to achieve this is to use a multi-step protocol such as the following: first select a customer request, second perform a (potentially) complex computation in order to authenticate the partners and finally call a service. In such an application, the last selected customer is not available when a service is called. However, this information is mandatory in order to upgrade the application such that the service (not the controller! ) can bill the customer. A conventional solution to this problem is to propagate the customer identity by threading this piece of information through the complex computation code (e.g. add an extra argument to all functions implementing this code). An AOP-like solution is to define a billing crosscut that relates a customer request selection with the corresponding called service. Execution monitors can naturally be used to define such a crosscut: they can detect specific sequences of actions occurring in the monitored program (e.g. a customer selection followed by a service call), pause the program execution, perform an action (e.g. call a billing function) and afterwards resume the program. This example demonstrates that …
ASA theory: an empirical study of the attraction proposition

This paper reports an empirical test of Schneider's (1987) attraction proposition that organizations attract people who share the organization's values. The values of 621 applicants to nine utility companies in the United Kingdom were compared to (1) the values of people contiguously seeking similar work, (2) the values of employees they might be working alongside, and (3) the values of the organizations' senior managers. The results show an effect for person–vocation fit, but once this is controlled for all significant effects disappear. These results suggest that applicants choose which organization to apply to based on their desire for a particular type of work rather than their attraction for particular companies, which is contrary to Schneider's attraction proposition. In a conclusion at the end of the paper, possible reasons for the rejection of Schneider's attraction proposition are discussed. It is argued that the factors of familiarity, proximity and exposure are critical to applicants' behavior and should be incorporated into ASA theory.