Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incremental rule learning based on example nearness from numerical data streams

Mining data streams is a challenging task that requires online systems based on incremental learning approaches. This paper describes a classification system based on decision rules that may store up-to-date border examples to avoid unnecessary revisions when virtual drifts are present in data. Consistent rules classify new test examples by covering and inconsistent rules classify them by distance as the nearest neighbor algorithm. In addition, the system provides an implicit forgetting heuristic so that positive and negative examples are removed from a rule when they are not near one another.
User Needs and Expectations for Future Traveling Services in Buses

Cities worldwide face the need to reduce the usage of private cars and the emissions. Desirability of public transportation and its services is thus of major importance. When developing novel services for public transportation, it is crucial to consider the user -- the traveler -- perspective. We present results of a qualitative study of user needs and expectations of future traveling services, with the focus on the bus and its potential associated services. We interviewed ten students living in Finland who had a broad range of experiences of public transportation in various parts of the world. Our findings reveal topics that can be used as a basis of digital services that support or enrich the traveling experience. The results provide insights for the design of services for future buses, including the user needs at the bus stop, the bus itself and external functionalities that could be linked to the bus ride.
' s personal copy Exponential H N filtering for time-varying delay systems : Markovian approach $

This paper discusses the H1 filtering problem for a class of deterministic systems with time-varying delays, where the stochastic property of time-varying delays described by Markovian approach is taken into consideration in filter design. Firstly, the delay interval is separated into several subintervals, which can be described by Markov process. Then, a new H1 filtering method for deterministic system with time-varying delay is given, whose filter can switch with time delay in terms of Markov process. Sufficient conditions for the existence of H1 filter are obtained as linear matrix inequalities, where the mode transition rates are known exactly or inexactly. Finally, numerical examples are used to demonstrate the utility of the given methods. Crown Copyright & 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The algebraic hierarchy of the FTA project

We describe a framework for algebraic expressions for the proof assistant Coq. This framework has been developed as part of the FTA project in Nijmegen, in which a complete proof of the fundamental theorem of algebra has been formalized in Coq. The algebraic framework that is described here is both abstract and structured. We apply a combination of record types, coercive subtyping and implicit arguments. The algebraic framework contains a full development of the real and complex numbers and of the rings of polynomials over these fields. The framework is constructive. It does not use anything apart from the Coq logic. The framework has been successfully used to formalize non-trivial mathematics as part of the FTA project.
Credit and Product Market Effects of Banking Deregulation: Evidence from the French Experience

Many economists believe that an efficient financial industry is central to economic development. While this conjecture dates back at least to Schumpeter, economists have only relatively recently taken up the systematic study of the impact of finance on economic growth. Starting with King and Levine’s seminal paper (1993), a large number of studies have documented strong positive correlations between financial development, measured by the size of the financial sector, and growth and economic development. While these cross-country results are strikingly robust and consistent, they tell us little about the exact micro channels though which a more developed financial industry promotes growth.
Intrahospital weight and aerobic training in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to assess the effects of an 8-wk intrahospital combined circuit weight and aerobic training program performed by children with cystic fibrosis (of low-moderate severity and stable clinical condition) on the following outcomes: cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) and muscle strength (five-repetition maximum (5RM) bench press, 5RM leg press, and 5RM seated row) (primary outcomes) and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s), weight, body composition, functional mobility (Timed Up and Down Stairs and 3-m Timed Up and Go tests), and quality of life (secondary outcomes). We also determined the effects of a detraining period (4 wk) on the aforementioned outcomes. METHODS We performed a randomized controlled trial design. Eleven participants in each group (controls: 7 boys, age = 11 ± 3 yr, body mass index = 17.2 ± 0.8 kg · m(-2) (mean ± SEM); intervention: 6 boys, age = 10 ± 2 yr, body mass index = 18.4 ± 1.0 kg · m(-2)) started the study. RESULTS Adherence to training averaged 95.1% ± 7.4%. We observed a significant group × time interaction effect (P = 0.036) for VO2peak. In the intervention group, VO2peak significantly increased with training by 3.9 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1) (95% confidence interval = 1.8-6.1 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1), P = 0.002), whereas it decreased during the detraining period (-3.4 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1), 95% confidence interval = -5.7 to -1.7 mL · kg(-1) · min(-1), P = 0.001). In contrast, no significant changes were observed during the study period within the control group. Although significant improvements were also observed after training for all 5RM strength tests (P < 0.001 for the interaction effect), the training improvements were not significantly decreased after the detraining period in the intervention group (all P > 0.1 for after training vs detraining). We found no significant training benefits in any of the secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A short-term combined circuit weight and aerobic training program performed in a hospital setting induces significant benefits in the cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength of children with cystic fibrosis.
Improving Partial Order Reductions for Universal Branching Time Properties

The ”state explosion problem” can be alleviated by using partial order reduction techniques. These methods rely on expanding only a fragment of the full state space of a program, which is sufficient for verifying the formulas of temporal logics LTL−X or CTL−X*(i.e., LTL or CTL* without the next state operator). This is guaranteed by preserving either a stuttering maximal trace equivalence or a stuttering bisimulation between the full and the reduced state space. Since a stuttering bisimulation is much more restrictive than a stuttering maximal trace equivalence, resulting in less powerful reductions for CTL−X*, we study here partial order reductions that preserve equivalences ”in-between”, in particular a stuttering simulation which is induced by the universal fragment of CTL:−X*, called ACTL−X* The reductions generated by our method preserve also branching simulation and weak simulation, but surprisingly, they do not appear to be included into the reductions obtained by Peled's method for verifying LTL−X properties. Therefore, in addition to ACTL−X* reduction method we suggest also an improvement of the LTL−X reduction method. Moreover, we prove that reduction for concurrency fair version of ACTL−X* is more efficient than for ACTL−X*.
Dust and gas emission in the prototypical hot core G29.96-0.02 at sub-arcsecond resolution

Context. Hot molecular cores are an early manifestation of massive star formation where the molecular gas is heated to temperatures >100 K undergoing a complex chemistry. Aims. One wants to better understand the physical and chemical processes in this early evolutionary stage. Methods. We selected the prototypical hot molecular core G29.96−0.02 being located at the head of the associated ultracompact Hii region. The 862 µm submm continuum and spectral line data were obtained with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at sub-arcsecond spatial resolution. Results. The SMA resolved the hot molecular core into six submm continuum sources with the finest spatial resolution of 0.36 �� ×0.25 �� (∼1800 AU) achieved so far. Four of them located within 7800 (AU) 2 comprise a proto-Trapezium system with estimated protostellar densities of 1.4×10 5 protostars/pc 3 . The plethora of ∼80 spectral lines allows us to study the molecular outflow(s), the core kinematics, the temperature structure of the region as well as chemical effects. The derived hot core temperatures are of the order 300 K. We find interesting chemical spatial differentiations, e.g., C 34 S is deficient toward the hot core and is enhanced at the UCHii/ hot core interface, which may be explained by temperature sensitive desorption from grains and following gas phase chemistry. The SiO(8−7) emission outlines likely two molecular outflows emanating from this hot core region. Emission from most other molecules peaks centrally on the hot core and is not dominated by any individual submm peak. Potential reasons for that are discussed. A few spectral lines that are associated with the main submm continuum source, show a velocity gradient perpendicular to the large-scale outflow. Since this velocity structure comprises three of the central protostellar sources, this is not a Keplerian disk. While the data are consistent with a gas core that may rotate and/or collapse, we cannot exclude the outflow(s) and/or nearby expanding UCHii region as possible alternative causes of this velocity pattern.
The changing dynamic of social interaction in World of Warcraft: the impacts of game feature change

This study examines how changes in game features through patches and expansions can affect the social interaction within massively multiplayer games. Since patches and expansions are now commonplace within massively multiplayer games, understanding of the relationship would enable better production of social capital. In-depth interviews uncovered that the recent changes to the World of Warcraft affect in-game social interaction in 3 aspects. The areas of social interaction affected included interpersonal relationships, community size and social alienation. The discussions highlight how these findings can advance models of social interaction within MMOs.
TOA-based lateral distance measurement system using UWB impulse radio

Lateral distance between two traffic participants is an important context for intelligent transportation systems for realizing a collision prediction system. Obtaining lateral distance requires costly hardware, prohibiting traffic participants such as pedestrians and/or bicyclists to receive benefits of lateral distance information for securing their safety. In this paper, a time-of-arrival (TOA) based bilateration is proposed for estimating relative lateral distance using ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR). Ranging error of UWB-IR systems affecting the estimation accuracy of lateral distance is coped with applying a low pass filter to angular data. Experimental results show that the estimation error is reduced from 8 m to 3 m when the relative distance between a target vehicle and a pedestrian is less than 15 m, using a portable UWB-IR system with 30 cm ranging accuracy.
Trust-Based Context Contract Models for the Internet of Things

With the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, potentially private data could be made available on the Internet. Such data could then, be consumed by a growing number of applications. The acceptance and success of new pervasive applications depend on both the protection of privacy and the guarantee of quality of context (QoC). As in the IoT producers and consumers of context are decoupled, they are not aware of each other. Therefore, it is essential to provide them with means to express their guarantees and requirements concerning QoC and privacy. For this purpose, we propose meta-models to design context contracts defining privacy and QoC agreements, independently of the consumer and the producer sides. The contracts are key to an autonomous management of QoC and privacy in the IoT. Firstly, contracts may be modified at runtime to add, edit or remove clauses. Secondly, the middleware in charge of transmitting data from context producers to context consumers (e.g., context managers) will be able to match QoC/privacy requirements and guarantees. Finally, the matching process can adapt dynamically, for instance, to the current trust level between the two parties. These contracts will participate to build trust among IoT participants.
Integrate Sparse Depth Information into Pedestrians Detection

In this paper, we propose to integrate sparse 3D depth information into pedestrian detection task, in order to achieve a fast boost in performance. Our proposed method uses a probabilistic way to integrate image-feature-based detection and sparse depth estimation together. The depth information is used as a cue, and provides additional discriminative ability for the detection. There are two contributions in this paper: 1) a simplified graphical model which could efficiently integrate depth cue into detection; and 2) a sparse depth estimation method which could provide fast and reliable estimation of depth information. The experiment shows that our method could provide promising enhancement over baseline detector with minimal additional time.
Dynamical spectrogram, an aid for the deaf

Visual perception of speech through spectrogram reading has long been a subject of research, as an aid for the deaf or hearing im-paired. Attributing the lack of success in this type of visual aids mainly to the static form of information presented by the spectrograms, this paper proposes a system of dynamic visualisation for speech sounds. This system samples a high resolved, auditory-based spectrogram, with a window of 20 milliseconds duration, so that exploiting the periodicity of the input sound, it produces a phase-locked sequence of images. This sequence is then animated at a rate of 50 images per second to produce a movie-like image displaying both the time-varying and time-independent information of the underlying sound. Results of several preliminary experiments for evaluation of the potential usefulness of the system for the deaf, undertaken by normal-hearing subjects, support the quick learning and persistence of the gestures for small sets of single words and motivate further investigations.
Interaction design and physical computing in the era of miniature embedded computers

ACM 978-1-4503-1918-8/13/06. This paper describes a new paradigm as well as a new platform which have been developed to demonstrate new robotics and physical computing programming models that are now possible as a result of miniature single-board computers. Here we investigate new design opportunities that bring with them the ability to embed an entire computer, such as the Raspberry Pi, within an interactive project. We call our new platform the "embedded computer" model, and we utilize the proposed Pi-Topping framework to demonstrate several cases in which the platform has already been employed. The new platform consists of a hardware add-on for the Raspberry Pi and, to drive and program the platform, a modified version of the Scratch programming environment. Smartphones are used as a portable screen that offers a touch sensitive input capacity. Case studies that demonstrate the new design possibilities are then described.
Complete Sequence of Probiotic Symbioflor 2 Escherichia coli Strain G3/10 and Draft Sequences of Symbioflor 2 E. coli Strains G1/2, G4/9, G5, G6/7, and G8

ABSTRACT The complete genome of probiotic Escherichia coli strain G3/10 is presented here. In addition, the probiotic E. coli strains G1/2, G4/9, G5, G6/7, and G8 are presented in draft form. These six strains together comprise the probiotic product Symbioflor 2 (DSM 17252).
The design ideation process of character animation story

The design ideation process of a character animation story was researched in this study. The critical design ideation process of experts’ thinking was normalized. The Design Structure Matrix approach was used to analyze the ten basic elements which influences story ideation and to find the correlation between design elements regarding their independence, dependence and interaction in two senior animation experts’ design ideation process. Then the experts’ complex thinking was analyzed. The results showed that 1. Both senior experts repetitively mentioned the important elements in their design ideation process. These elements became critical thoughts. 2. Experts used the design pattern set into the story ideation; it made the design thinking more efficient. The two experts used the "metaphor" before conception; and then the design form of "camera language" and "body language" were taken up in the later half stage. 3. Expert A1 conceived of "story structure” as the first priority and then emphasized the logic of the whole story. Expert A2 created the "character conflict" to generate opposition in the characters to make the animation show more dramatic tension. 4. The two experts believed that the "character task" and “character personality" were important elements in the process of thinking of ideas. The results of this study provide the beginner with specific guidance and procedural aspects of the ideation process when developing an animation story.
Joint Detection and Estimation of Noisy Sinusoids using Bayesian Inference with Reversible Jump MCMC Algorithm

In this paper, we consider a problem of detecting and estimating of sinusoids corrupted by random noise within a Bayesian framework. Unfortunately, all Bayesian inference drawn from posterior probability distributions of parameters requires evaluation of some complicated high-dimensional integrals. Therefore, an attempt for performing the Bayesian computation is made to improve an efficient stochastic algorithm based on reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) methods. This algorithm, coded in Mathematica programming language is evaluated in simulation studies on synthetic data sets. All the simulations results support the effectiveness of the method.
A CUDA Implementation of the Spatial TAU-Leaping in Crowded Compartments (STAUCC) Simulator

The increasing awareness of the pivotal role of noise in biochemical systems has given rise to a strong need for suitable stochastic algorithms for the description and the simulation of biological phenomena. However, the high computational demand that characterizes stochastic simulation approaches coupled with the necessity to simulate the models several times to achieve statistically relevant information on the model behaviors makes the application of such kind of algorithms often unfeasible. So far, different parallelization approaches have been employed to reduce the computational time required for the analysis of biochemical systems modeled using stochastic algorithms. Most of the proposed solutions use an embarrassingly parallel approach to run in parallel several simulations using the cores of a workstation and/or the nodes of a cluster. In this work we present the Spatial TAU-leaping in Crowded Compartments (STAUCC) simulator, a software that relies on an efficient CUDA implementation of the Stau-DPP algorithm, a voxel-based method for the stochastic simulation of Reaction-Diffusion processes. We evaluate its application and performance for the modeling of diffusion processes simultaneously occurring within a space represented considering different levels of granularity.
Development of a measure of knowledge and attitudes about obstructive sleep apnea in children (OSAKA-KIDS).

BACKGROUND Primary care physicians play an important role in screening for childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) that, if untreated, can result in serious complications. OBJECTIVE To describe the development of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Knowledge and Attitudes in Children (OSAKA-KIDS) questionnaire for use in measuring physicians' knowledge and attitudes about childhood OSAS and its treatment. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey to pilot administration of the 23-item OSAKA-KIDS questionnaire, mailed to 1195 community- and academic-based physicians in Louisville, Ky; Philadelphia, Pa; and St Louis, Mo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Analysis of variance measured differences in knowledge and attitudes between academic- and community-based physicians and between pediatricians and family practitioners. Using stepwise multiple linear regression, we analyzed the associations between various predictors (including specialty, practice setting, and years since medical school graduation) and each item of knowledge and attitudes. All tests were 2-tailed. RESULTS Questionnaires for 497 respondents (44% female; mean [SD] age, 45.7 [10.5] years; and mean [SD] number of years since medical school graduation, 18.7 [11.0] years) were analyzed. The mean (SD) knowledge score (percentage of 18 possible) was 69.6% (14.6%). In regression analyses, more knowledge was associated with more positive attitudes overall and more recent graduation from medical school; having a more positive attitude was associated with having completed a pediatrics residency and more knowledge about OSAS. CONCLUSIONS Deficits in basic knowledge about childhood OSAS were observed regardless of physician practice setting and specialty training. More education focusing on the diagnosis and treatment of childhood OSAS and identifying children at risk for OSAS is recommended.
Social media and a case of mistaken identity: A newspaper’s response to journalistic error

Journalists can obtain information faster than ever before and interact with a variety of sources across multiple platforms from Facebook to Twitter without leaving their desk. The pressure to get stories online as soon as possible is not without its drawbacks, however. Incorrect information and photographs can be published even when not properly verified and, although these mistakes can be rectified quickly once identified, the credibility of a news organisation is at risk. Our research was prompted by the chance capture of a photograph published in a daily newspaper that mistakenly identified a New Zealand-born Israeli soldier who was shot dead during a firefight in Gaza in 2014 as an American actor. This presented an opportunity to investigate and understand the challenges journalists face in sourcing information in the digital age. Our research takes a two-pronged approach. First, we establish what went wrong in the newsroom that led to this case of mistaken identity drawing public criticism and ridicule, and second, we analyse the editor’s apology to highlight the news organisation’s efforts to restore its image and regain the trust of its readers in the professionalism of its journalism.
Towards grid implementations of metaheuristics for hard combinatorial optimization problems

Metaheuristics are approximate algorithms that are able to find very good solutions to hard combinatorial optimization problems. They do, however, offer a wide range of possibilities for implementations of effective robust parallel algorithms which run in much smaller computation times than their sequential counterparts. We present four slightly differing strategies for the parallelization of an extended GRASP with ILS heuristic for the mirrored traveling tournament problem. Computational results on widely used benchmark instances, using a varying number of processors, illustrate the effectiveness and the scalability of the different strategies. These low communication cost parallel heuristics not only find solutions faster, but also produce better quality solutions than the best known sequential algorithm.