Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making the postsecondary education match: a role for transition planning

This article presents an argument that transition teams must actively work with students with disabilities to promote their success in postsecondary education. Successful transition planning for postsecondary education extends beyond meeting the academic requirements for admission. Planning efforts must also include direct skills instruction in self-advocacy, independent living, decision making, and working with students to identify career goals. Three primary areas of consideration stand out when creating a plan which promotes independence and responsibil­ ity within students as they prepare for postsecondary education: exploring postsecondary education environments, identifying skills needed by students for a successful transition, and identifying the family's role in promoting the skills of self-advocacy and independence.
Fungal Fragments as Indoor Air Biocontaminants

ABSTRACT The aerosolization process of fungal propagules of three species (Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium melinii, and Cladosporium cladosporioides) was studied by using a newly designed and constructed aerosolization chamber. We discovered that fungal fragments are aerosolized simultaneously with spores from contaminated agar and ceiling tile surfaces. Concentration measurements with an optical particle counter showed that the fragments are released in higher numbers (up to 320 times) than the spores. The release of fungal propagules varied depending on the fungal species, the air velocity above the contaminated surface, and the texture and vibration of the contaminated material. In contrast to spores, the release of fragments from smooth surfaces was not affected by air velocity, indicating a different release mechanism. Correlation analysis showed that the number of released fragments cannot be predicted on the basis of the number of spores. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with monoclonal antibodies produced against Aspergillus and Penicillium fungal species showed that fragments and spores share common antigens, which not only confirmed the fungal origin of the fragments but also established their potential biological relevance. The considerable immunological reactivity, the high number, and the small particle size of the fungal fragments may contribute to human health effects that have been detected in buildings with mold problems but had no scientific explanation until now. This study suggests that future fungal spore investigations in buildings with mold problems should include the quantitation of fungal fragments.
Iodide/Iodate Chemical Actinometry Using Spherical Vessels for Radiation Exposure as well as for Monitoring Absorbance Changes

Spherical quartz vessels containing an iodide/iodate chemical actinometer are useful for measuring the fluence of omnidirectional germicidal radiation. It is shown here that such vessels can be used not only for exposure purposes but also for measuring the absorbance of the resulting triiodide endpoint. A hand‐held commercially available colorimeter using a 420 nm LED light source was adapted to hold the spheres in the optical light path. The absorbance at 420 nm obeyed Beer’s Law and the dose response showed linear kinetics following irradiation at 254 nm. The determination of the fluence obtained in this manner was consistent with that obtained following transfer of the contents of the spheres to a 1 cm cuvette and measuring the absorbance at 352 nm in a conventional spectrophotometer. Hence, dose response data can be obtained making absorbance measurements on the same sample following sequential or continuous irradiation. Furthermore, because the expression for the fluence is independent of the radius of the sphere, there is no need to measure and keep track of the volume of each sphere, thus simplifying the experimental procedure. Furthermore, the use of an inexpensive colorimeter circumvents the need for a more expensive spectrophotometer and allows measurements to be made in the field.
Genetic aspects of atopic allergy

Atopy and the associated clinical disorders of asthma, rhinitis, and infantile eczema are familial, and are due to the interaction between strong genetic and environmental factors. The discovery of genetic factors which predispose to asthma will allow better classification of asthma into subtypes with distinct clinical courses and responses to therapy. Asthma and allergic diseases may become preventable once the precise recognition of children at genetic risk is possible. Eventually, genetic discoveries will lead to new pharmacologic treatments for allergic disorders. Although the genetics of asthma and atopy is very complex, many of the difficulties are now understood, and the full characterization of the genes which underlie these conditions is achievable. Some genes have already been identified, and a consensus is emerging of the position of several chromosomal regions which contain asthma and atopy-associated genes. Genes predispose to atopy or asthma because their DNA sequences contain polymorphisms (variants) which alter gene function. In single-gene disorders, these variants usually destroy gene function and are known as mutants. For disorders as common as atopy, the underlying changes in the DNA may lead to more subtle changes in gene function or expression. Genes causing disease may be identified either by the process known as “positional cloning”, or by examining candidate genes. Positional cloning relies on the demonstration of genetic linkage (coinheritance) of disease and genetic markers of known chromosomal localization. Once linkage is established, the linked region can be dissected by further genetic mapping with a dense array of closely linked markers. Genetic mapping is followed by “physical mapping”, the assembly of W. 0. C. M. Cookson
Voice Pathology Detection Using Vocal Tract Area

In this paper, we develop an automatic voice pathology detection (VPD) system based on voice production theory. More specifically, we extract features from vocal tract area function from the tubes, which are closely located to the glottis. Voice pathology is related to a vocal fold problem, and hence the vocal tract area connected to the vocal fold or the glottis should exhibit irregular patterns over frames in case of a sustained vowel for a pathological voice. This irregular pattern is quantified in the form of variance across the frames to distinguish between normal and pathological voices. The proposed VPD system is evaluated on the MEEI database with sustained vowel samples and achieves 99.02%±0.01 accuracy.
Spatial analysis of allozyme and microsatellite DNA polymorphisms in the land snail Helix aspersa (Gastropoda: Helicidae)

The genetic structure of the land snail Helix aspersa was investigated for 21 populations collected along a road located in the polders of the Bay of Mont‐Saint‐Michel (Brittany, France), following a sampling scheme the area of which did not exceed 900 m in length. A total of 369 individuals were genotyped for five enzymatic markers and seven microsatellite loci. We used sequential hierarchical F‐statistics at different spatial scales and spatial autocorrelation statistics to explore recent historical patterns involved in the observed genetic distribution. Whatever the statistics used, congruent levels of spatial genetic substructuring across loci were demonstrated, excepted for one allozyme locus. Overall spatial genetic arrangement matched in a substantial fashion theoretical predictions based on the limited dispersal power of land snails. Positive autocorrelation over short‐distance classes may result from the development of genetically distinct patches of individuals organized in family‐structured colonies. Therefore, spatial signatures of average I correlograms can be viewed as the expression of a stepping‐stone model of population structure, sometimes involving external migrational events. Overall, the revealed pattern of population subdivision on a microgeographical scale was suggestive of a neighbourhood structure. Finally, microsatellite loci are especially suitable for the detection of small genetic clustering, and combining different classes of markers offers the potential to gain further insight into the description of spatial genetic variability over short temporal and geographical scales.
Evaporation losses from bare soils as influenced by cultivation techniques in semi-arid regions

The impact of cultivation techniques on the evaporation from bare soils was investigated in the laboratory. Two soil-types, which are important resources for rainfed cultivation of olives and almonds in semi-arid regions, were selected: a loamy sand soil and a stony (loam) soil. Evaporation from the soil surface is an important loss of soil moisture in these farming systems since a large percentage of the soil is kept bare in order to maximise the water availability for the tree crop. For the loamy sand soil the impacts of a straw mulch and treatment of the topsoil with olive mill effluent (OME) were tested. For the stony soil the effects of different rock fragment contents and distribution within the soil profile were tested. After thoroughly wetting with simulated rainfall and allowing the soil moisture to redistribute, the columns were subjected to evaporation for 46 days. Cumulative evaporation depth of soils treated with OME was 28% lower than that of the control soil. A similar reduction, be it lower (16%) was observed for the soil with a high rock fragment content by volume (Rv  0.35 m mÿ3). The straw mulch and rock fragment mulch did not have an impact on the cumulative evaporation depth after 46 days. Furthermore, the time required to reach half of the total evaporation losses (d0.5) increased from 9 days for the control soil (loamy sand) to 24 days for the soil impregnated with OME and to 15 days for the straw mulch treatment. The same trend was observed for the stony soils: an increase in d0.5 from 4 days for the control soil (Rv  0.19 m mÿ3) to 7 days for the soil with Rv  0.35 m mÿ3 and to 8 days for the rock fragment mulch. These experiments show that the changes in water retention capacity of the topsoil by treatment with a hydrophobic substance (OME) or an increase in rock fragment content have a Agricultural Water Management 42 (2000) 355±369 * Corresponding author. Tel. : +44-181-362-6611; fax: +44-181-362-6957 E-mail address: bas1@mdx.ac. uk (B. van Wesemael) 0378-3774/00/$ ± see front matter # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 3 7 8 3 7 7 4 ( 9 9 ) 0 0 0 4 0 2 longer lasting effect on the reduction of evaporation losses, and result in a higher and more evenly distributed soil moisture content. # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Everyday Politics: Reconnecting Citizens and Public Life

Preface. Developing a Theory and Practice of Everyday Politics Chapter 1. The Stirrings of a New Politics Chapter 2. Populisms Chapter 3. The Growth of Everyday Politics Chapter 4. Citizenship as Public Work Chapter 5. Citizen Education as a Craft, not a Program Chapter 6. The Jane Addams School for Democracy Chapter 7. Professions as Public Work Chapter 8. Architects of Democracy Chapter 9. Spreading Everyday Politics Chapter 10. The Commonwealth of Freedom Notes Index Acknowledgments
Distributed beamforming in multi-cell cooperative MIMO Cellular Networks with non-regenerative relays: An LTE-Advanced framework

In this paper we study a cellular network, in which multiple-antenna users communicate with multiple-antenna base stations (BSs) through fixed infrastructure-based multiple antenna relay stations (RSs). With cooperation among the BSs and linear processing at the RSs, we aim to find the optimal precoding matrices at the users and the beamforming matrices at the RSs that jointly maximize the system sum rate. Unlike for the conventional uplink (without relays), the sum-rate optimization is non-convex. More so, there is cross-coupling of the RSs' channels due to the forwarded interferences by the RSs. Firstly, we incorporate interference pre-cancelation into the RSs' beamforming designs. Secondly, we match each RS's beamforming matrix to the corresponding backward and forward channels such that the end-to-end channel is diagonalizable. Furthermore, we propose an iterative alternating minimization based algorithm to maximize the system sum rate. Finally, we consider two user-RS scheduling/mapping schemes namely the “random” and “channel-aware” schemes. Simulation results show that the channel-aware scheme outperform the random scheme with the performance gap unchanged with increasing number of antennas at the nodes.
Random-edge discrepancy of supersampling patterns

Palterns used for supersampling in graphics have been analyzed from statistical and signal-processing viewpoints. We present an analysis based on a type of isotropic discrepancy-how good patterns are at estimating the area above an arbitrary edge through a pixel. An algorithm is presented for computing the worst-case discrepancy. Experimental evidence shows that popular supersampling patterns have discrepancies with better asymptotic behavior than random sampling, which is not inconsistent with theoretical bounds on discrepancy.
Systematic Reviews in the Social Sciences: A Practical Guide

Such diverse thinkers as Lao-Tze, Confucius, and U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld have all pointed out that we need to be able to tell the difference between real and assumed knowledge. The systematic review is a scientific tool that can help with this difficult task. It can help, for example, with appraising, summarising, and communicating the results and implications of otherwise unmanageable quantities of data. This is important because quite often there are so many studies, and their results are often so conflicting, that no policymaker or practitioner could possibly carry out this task themselves.Systematic review methods have been widely used in health care, and are becoming increasingly common in the social sciences (fostered, for example, by the work of the Campbell Collaboration). This book outlines the rationale and methods of systematic reviews, giving worked examples from social science and other fields. It requires no previous knowledge, but takes the reader through the process stage by stage. It draws on examples from such diverse fields as psychology, criminology, education, transport, social welfare, public health, and housing and urban policy, among others.The book includes detailed sections on assessing the quality of both quantitative, and qualitative research; searching for evidence in the social sciences;meta-analytic and other methods of evidence synthesis; publication bias; heterogeneity; and approaches to dissemination.
Long-term Health Effects of Exposure to Naphthalene

Naphthalene (CAS Registry Number: 91-20-3) is a natural constituent of coal tar, comprising approximately 11% of that material by weight (HSDB, 2003). It is present in gasoline and diesel fuels. All pesticide registrations of naphthalene, including use as a moth repellent, were cancelled in California in 1991 due to data gap inadequacies. However, naphthalene is included on a list of "inert" or "other ingredients" found in registered pesticide products (U.S. EPA, 2004). It is used in the manufacture of a wide variety of industrial products. A profile dated 1987 showed proportionate naphthalene use for various products as: Phthalic anhydride, 60%; 1naphthyl methyl carbamate insecticide and related products (tetralin and 1-naphthol), 10%; dispersant chemicals, 10%; moth repellent, 6%; synthetic tanning agents, 5%; miscellaneous uses, 5%; exports, 4% (HSDB, 2003). Other products listed as derived from naphthalene include phthalic and anthranilic acids, naphthols, naphthylamines, naphthalene sulfonates, synthetic resins, celluloid, lampblack, smokeless powder, anthraquinone, indigo, perylene, and hydronaphthalenes (NTP, 1992; HSDB, 2003).
Eveningness Is Associated With Greater Depressive Symptoms in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Study in Two Different Ethnic Cohorts

ABSTRACT Background: Eveningness is associated with greater depressive symptoms in the general population. Depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D) commonly coexist. We aimed to explore the association between morningness–eveningness and depressive symptoms in T2D patients in the United States and in Thailand. Participants: T2D patients (n = 182) from an endocrinology clinic in Chicago, Illinois, and six hospitals in Thailand (n = 251) were enrolled. Methods: Diabetes history was collected. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). The Chicago cohort completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Thai cohort completed the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: The mean (SD) CES-D score was 13.7 (9.1) in Chicago and 11.9 (6.4) in Thailand. In Chicago participants, after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, hemoglobin A1c, insulin use, and PSQI score, greater eveningness (lower MEQ scores) was associated with higher CESD scores (B = –0.117, p = 0.048). In Thai participants, after adjusting for age, sex, and PSQI score, eveningness (lower CSM score) was associated with higher CES-D score (B = –0.147, p = 0.016). In both cohorts, however, eveningness was not independently associated with the likelihood of being in the at-risk range for clinical depression (CES-D ≥ 16). Conclusions: Eveningness is independently associated with greater depressive symptoms in T2D in two different ethnic cohorts. The results support the association between individual differences in circadian rhythms and psychological functioning in T2D.
Structural basis for energy transfer pathways in the plant PSI-LHCI supercomplex

Photosystem I enters into the spotlight Plants rely on large complexes of proteins, chlorophyll, and other cofactors to turn light into chemical energy. Qin et al. present the crystal structures of photosystem I (PSI) and the light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) supercomplex from pea plants (see the Perspective by Croce). The well-resolved structure of the outer antenna complexes and their interaction with the PSI core provide a structural basis for calculating excitation energy transfer efficiency. Moreover, the organization and orientation of chlorophyll and carotenoid cofactors within and between PSI and LHCI hint at energy transfer and photoprotection mechanisms. Science, this issue p. 989; see also p. 970 The structure of the photosynthetic light-harvesting complex from pea suggests how light is converted into chemical energy. [Also see Perspective by Croce] Photosynthesis converts solar energy to chemical energy by means of two large pigment-protein complexes: photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII). In higher plants, the PSI core is surrounded by a large light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) that captures sunlight and transfers the excitation energy to the core with extremely high efficiency. We report the structure of PSI-LHCI, a 600-kilodalton membrane protein supercomplex, from Pisum sativum (pea) at a resolution of 2.8 angstroms. The structure reveals the detailed arrangement of pigments and other cofactors—especially within LHCI—as well as numerous specific interactions between the PSI core and LHCI. These results provide a firm structural basis for our understanding on the energy transfer and photoprotection mechanisms within the PSI-LHCI supercomplex.
Optimal Challenge: The Impact of Adventure Experiences on Subjective Well-Being

Adventure therapy (AT) and the use of activities and outdoor experiences for educational and therapeutic purposes have a long and rich history. In recent years, the popularity and use of adventure programs in schools, clinical treatment facilities, and various other settings has increased. This increased use of AT in a therapeutic context has brought it to the awareness of clinicians, consumers, and researchers. Although participation is growing rapidly, research on the effectiveness and impact has been slow to substantiate claims.
Compact Ancestry Labeling Schemes for Trees of Small Depth

An {\em ancestry labeling scheme} labels the nodes of any tree in such a way that ancestry queries between any two nodes in a tree can be answered just by looking at their corresponding labels. The common measure to evaluate the quality of an ancestry labeling scheme is by its {\em label size}, that is the maximal number of bits stored in a label, taken over all $n$-node trees. The design of ancestry labeling schemes finds applications in XML search engines. In the context of these applications, even small improvements in the label size are important. In fact, the literature about this topic is interested in the exact label size rather than just its order of magnitude. As a result, following the proposal of an original scheme of size $2\log n$ bits, a considerable amount of work was devoted to improve the bound on the label size. The current state of the art upper bound is $\log n + O(\sqrt{\log n})$ bits which is still far from the known $\log n + \Omega(\log\log n)$ lower bound. Moreover, the hidden constant factor in the additive $O(\sqrt{\log n})$ term is large, which makes this term dominate the label size for typical current XML trees. In attempt to provide good performances for real XML data, we rely on the observation that the depth of a typical XML tree is bounded from above by a small constant. Having this in mind, we present an ancestry labeling scheme of size $\log n+2\log d +O(1)$, for the family of trees with at most $n$ nodes and depth at most $d$. In addition to our main result, we prove a result that may be of independent interest concerning the existence of a linear {\em universal graph} for the family of forests with trees of bounded depth.
Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA and IgG) in both Crohn´s disease and autoimmune diabetes.

OBJECTIVE a strong association has been observed between celiac disease, generally its silent clinical form, and autoimmune disorders. A potential correlation with inflammatory bowel disease has also been suggested. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies have been detected in Crohn´s disease. We investigated the prevalence of celiac disease in patients with autoimmune diabetes and in Crohn´s disease patients and also evaluated the correlation between anti-transglutaminase antibody positivity and the clinical status of these diseases. METHODS anti-tissue transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. Upper digestive endoscopy and duodenal biopsy were indicated for cases with positive serology. RESULTS anti-transglutaminase antibodies were detected in five diabetic patients (prevalence of 11.1%), only one serum sample was positive for IgG isotypes. Nine of thirty-three patients with Crohn´s disease had low positive levels for IgA anti-transglutaminase. Antiendomysium antibodies were detected only in celiac patients. Celiac disease was confirmed in all diabetic patients submitted to duodenal biopsies who presented both anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomisyum antibodies positivity. In Crohn´s disease, its clinical status and the diagnosis of celiac disease were not associated with positiveanti-transglutaminase result. CONCLUSIONS the prevalence of celiac disease was high in diabetic patients. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies were sensitive and specific markers of celiac disease in this diabetic group, while these antibodies were of limited value for celiac disease screening in patients with Crohn´s disease.