Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Major Total Conversion in English: The Question of Directionality

This research investigates the directionality of major total conversion in English, where major total conversion is defined as the process and at the same time as the result of deriving a new lexical item by altering the part of speech of the base without marking the alteration overtly, as in the presumed pair dry – to dry. The question is whether there is a reliable strategy for deciding which member of a pair is the base and which member is the converted counterpart. Various attempts had been made to resolve the controversial directional issue, but the results have been inconsistent. The investigation aims to discover whether or not there exists a coherent notion about how to decide directionality by considering four factors assumed in the literature to reflect directionality. A large corpus of potential examples of major total conversion was collected to act as test materials. The four factors were compared for each major total conversion pair to see to what extent there was agreement among them. Results showed the factors did not agree to the expected extent. The findings are discussed in detail and it is claimed the inconsistencies can often be explained with recourse to a few general principles. In conclusion, on the whole the four factors considered are consistent with one another. In other words, the notion about how to determine directionality in major total conversion is coherent and can be maintained for English.
Towards the Automatic Identification of Adjectival Scales: Clustering Adjectives According to Meaning

In this paper we present a method to group adjectives according to their meaning, as a first step towards the automatic identification of adjectival scales. We discuss the properties of adjectival scales and of groups of semantically related adjectives and how they imply sources of linguistic knowledge in text corpora. We describe how our system exploits this linguistic knowledge to compute a measure of similarity between two adjectives, using statistical techniques and without having access to any semantic information about the adjectives. We also show how a clustering algorithm can use these similarities to produce the groups of adjectives, and we present results produced by our system for a sample set of adjectives. We conclude by presenting evaluation methods for the task at hand, and analyzing the significance of the results obtained.
Harmful Ideas, The Structure and Consequences of Anti-Semitic Beliefs in Poland

The harmfulness of anti-Semitic beliefs is widely discussed in current political and legal debates (e.g., Cutler v. Dorn). At the same time, empirical studies of the psychological consequences of such beliefs are scarce. The present research is an attempt to explore the structure of contemporary anti-Semitic beliefs in Poland—and to evaluate their predictive role in discriminatory intentions and behavior targeting Jews. Another aim was to determine dispositional, situational, and identity correlates of different forms of anti-Semitic beliefs and behavior. Study 1, performed on a nation-wide representative sample of Polish adults (N = 979), suggests a three-factorial structure of anti-Semitic beliefs, consisting of: (1) belief in Jewish conspiracy, (2) traditional religious anti-Judaic beliefs, and (3) secondary anti-Semitic beliefs, focusing on Holocaust commemoration. Of these three beliefs, belief in Jewish conspiracy was the closest antecedent of anti-Semitic behavioral intentions. Study 2 (N = 600 Internet users in Poland) confirmed the three-factor structure of anti-Semitic beliefs and proved that these beliefs explain actual behavior toward Jews in monetary donations. Both studies show that anti-Semitic beliefs are related to authoritarian personality characteristics, victimhood-based social identity, and relative deprivation.
Effects of oxaliplatin on mouse myenteric neurons and colonic motility

Oxaliplatin, an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of colorectal cancer, commonly causes gastrointestinal side-effects such as constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, and vomiting. Damage to enteric neurons may underlie some of these gastrointestinal side-effects, as the enteric nervous system (ENS) controls functions of the bowel. In this study, neuronal loss and changes to the structure and immunoreactivity of myenteric neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) neurons were examined in colonic segments from mice following exposure to oxaliplatin ex vivo and following repeated intraperitoneal injections of oxaliplatin over 3 weeks in vivo, using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Significant morphological alterations and increases in the proportion of NOS-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were associated with both short-term oxaliplatin exposure and long-term oxaliplatin administration, confirming that oxaliplatin causes changes to the myenteric neurons. Long-term oxaliplatin administration induced substantial neuronal loss that was correlated with a reduction in both the frequency and propagation speed of colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) in vitro. Similar changes probably produce some symptoms experienced by patients undergoing oxaliplatin treatment.
Low angle direction of arrival estimation by time reversal

In a low angle target parameter estimation scenario, the backscattered signals from targets are distorted by clutter and multipath, which degrades the performance of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimator significantly. This paper presents a novel method using time reversal (TR) technique and coherent signal-subspace method (CSM) for DOA estimation in a low angle scenario. The TR method exploits target information contained in the return echoes due to multipath and adaptively adjusts TR probing waveforms to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, CSM is adopted to focus the energy of the multipath signal in a predefined subspace so as to exploit the full time-bandwidth product of the target source. We analyze the performance of the proposed new DOA algorithm. Numerical simulations demonstrate its superior performance compared with the conventional DOA estimators.
Portfolio Parameterization : Validation and Application

In this paper, we extend original parametric portfolio proposed by Brandt et al. (2009). By introducing Choquet utility, it is shown that investors always hold extreme pessimism facing model uncertainty. Transaction cost, in the case of dynamically controlling leverage, is formulated as a stacked quantile regression. We offer functional equivalence between predictive ability and profitability of trading strategies and apply it to factor selection. Finally robustness of our procedure is empirically evidenced by real-data simulation in FT100.
Azacitidine for Front-Line Therapy of Patients with AML: Reproducible Efficacy Established by Direct Comparison of International Phase 3 Trial Data with Registry Data from the Austrian Azacitidine Registry of the AGMT Study Group

We recently published a clinically-meaningful improvement in median overall survival (OS) for patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), >30% bone marrow (BM) blasts and white blood cell (WBC) count ≤15 G/L, treated with front-line azacitidine versus conventional care regimens within a phase 3 clinical trial (AZA-AML-001; NCT01074047; registered: February 2010). As results obtained in clinical trials are facing increased pressure to be confirmed by real-world data, we aimed to test whether data obtained in the AZA-AML-001 trial accurately represent observations made in routine clinical practice by analysing additional AML patients treated with azacitidine front-line within the Austrian Azacitidine Registry (AAR; NCT01595295; registered: May 2012) and directly comparing patient-level data of both cohorts. We assessed the efficacy of front-line azacitidine in a total of 407 patients with newly-diagnosed AML. Firstly, we compared data from AML patients with WBC ≤ 15 G/L and >30% BM blasts included within the AZA-AML-001 trial treated with azacitidine (“AML-001” cohort; n = 214) with AAR patients meeting the same inclusion criteria (“AAR (001-like)” cohort; n = 95). The current analysis thus represents a new sub-analysis of the AML-001 trial, which is directly compared with a new sub-analysis of the AAR. Baseline characteristics, azacitidine application, response rates and OS were comparable between all patient cohorts within the trial or registry setting. Median OS was 9.9 versus 10.8 months (p = 0.616) for “AML-001” versus “AAR (001-like)” cohorts, respectively. Secondly, we pooled data from both cohorts (n = 309) and assessed the outcome. Median OS of the pooled cohorts was 10.3 (95% confidence interval: 8.7, 12.6) months, and the one-year survival rate was 45.8%. Thirdly, we compared data from AAR patients meeting AZA-AML-001 trial inclusion criteria (n = 95) versus all AAR patients with World Health Organization (WHO)-defined AML (“AAR (WHO-AML)” cohort; n = 193). Within the registry population, median OS for AAR patients meeting trial inclusion criteria versus all WHO-AML patients was 10.8 versus 11.8 months (p = 0.599), respectively. We thus tested and confirmed the efficacy of azacitidine as a front-line agent in patients with AML, >30% BM blasts and WBC ≤ 15 G/L in a routine clinical practice setting. We further show that the efficacy of azacitidine does not appear to be limited to AML patients who meet stringent clinical trial inclusion criteria, but instead appears efficacious as front-line treatment in all patients with WHO-AML.
Exploiting the Social Structure of Human Mobility for Opportunistic Networks

With the increasing density of powerful personal mobile devices – such as smart phones and tablets – the demand for mobile data connectivity grows rapidly. People rely on accessing their cloud-hosted data and globally available Internet services anytime and anywhere. However, providing ubiquitous connectivity is challenging and sometimes infeasible: Consumed bandwidth is predicted to continue growing exponentially and peaks due to unpredictable flash crowds are especially hard to cope with. Even worse, connectivity is inevitably disrupted when infrastructure breaks in natural or man-made disasters. In addition, connecting remote and developing regions is economically unprofitable, thus aggravating the (increasing) global digital divide. Opportunistic networks are envisioned to mitigate many of these problems. Mobile devices can use their infrastructure-less communication capabilities (e.g., WiFi Ad Hoc, WiFi Direct, Bluetooth), to disseminate data in a peer-to-peer manner. Whenever two devices are within radio transmission range (in contact), this is an opportunity to exchange data and a potential step towards providing a service. Hence, connectivity can be maintained, yet at the cost of increased delay. In making efficient use of contacts, opportunistic networking protocols (e.g., for routing, for content distribution) can benefit from the fact that contacts are not completely random, but structured by human behaviour in a social context. For example, it was shown that identifying clusters of people who see each other often can help find good message relays. Thus, to design efficient solutions, we need a thorough understanding of how human behaviour reflects in contacts (who meets whom, how often and for how long – by chance or intentionally) and methods to translate this understanding into efficient protocols. A promising approach in this direction is to represent the (social) structure in contacts as a contact graph, where nodes represent devices, and edges
Antifungal Activity of Flocculosin, a Novel Glycolipid Isolated from Pseudozyma flocculosa

ABSTRACT Flocculosin, a glycolipid isolated from the yeast-like fungus Pseudozyma flocculosa, was investigated for in vitro antifungal activity. The compound displayed antifungal properties against several pathogenic yeasts. Synergistic activity was observed between flocculosin and amphotericin B, and no significant cytotoxicity was demonstrated when tested against human cell lines.
Metrics for Evaluating Dialogue Strategies in a Spoken Language System

In this paper, we describe a set of metrics for the evaluation of different dialogue management strategies in an implemented real-time spoken language system. The set of metrics we propose tries to offer useful insights in evaluating how particular choices in the dialogue management can affect the overall quality of the man-machine dialogue. The evaluation makes use of established metrics: the transaction success, the contextual appropriateness of system answers, the calculation of normal and correction turns in a dialogue. We also define a new metric, the implicit recovery, which allows to measure the ability of a dialogue manager to deal with errors by different levels of analysis. We report evaluation data from several experiments, and we compare two different approaches to dialogue repair strategies using the set of metrics we argue for.
Energy Efficient Cross-Layer Transmission Model for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

The performance of mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSN) witnessed a significant improvement in recent years, such as throughput, transmission delay, and collision detection. However, MWSN still suffers from high energy consumption, since most of the sensors or users in MWSN are based on passive devices. In order to remedy this problem, in this paper we present a Cross-layer Energy Efficiency (CEE) model for MWSN. CEE is a cross-layer model which contains three layers. It utilizes nodes location information in network layer, medium access control (MAC) protocol in MAC layer (sublayer of data link layer), and full-duplex interfaces in physical (PHY) layer. The CEE model offers a number of advantages in regard to energy efficiency, throughput improvement, low delay, and power control compared to existing models. According to the performance evaluation, the proposed transmission model effectively reduces energy consumption and improves other transmission performances. Also, it has been proved that the proposed model can be used in practical MWSN as Internet of things (IoT).
The impact evaluation of physical therapy on the quality of life of cerebrovascular stroke patients

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical therapy on the quality of life of patients presenting with a motor deficit caused by ischemic stroke at the median cerebral artery. Physical therapeutic intervention consisted of three sessions per week of conventional kinesiotherapy; 50 min each, for three consecutive months. The sample comprised 18 patients aged between 18 and 72 years old, evaluated according to the Stroke Impact Scale. There was a significant difference for the following domains: strength (P<0.001), daily life activities (P<0.001), mobility (P=0.001), manual function (P=0.004) and social participation (P=0.001). We were able to conclude that physical therapy, performed for up to three 50-min weekly sessions for 3 consecutive months, resulted in the reduction of motor deficits and functional improvement, consequently promoting favorable effects on the quality of life of patients presenting with motor deficit due to ischemic stroke.
The Social-Interaction Learning Styles of Irish Adult Learners: Some Empirical Findings.

An action research project was conducted to understand the learning style profile of Irish adult learners better and to integrate the findings into development seminars for adult education teachers and tutors. The Grasha-Riechmann Student Learning Styles Scale (GRSLSS) was chosen as the research instrument to explore Irish adults' learning styles with 532 adult education learners attending certificate or diploma programs organized by University College Cork. Six styles were measured: Independent, Dependent, Participant, Avoidant, Collaborative, and Competitive. Data indicated Irish adult learning styles were high in the dimensions of Participant, Collaborative, and Dependent and low Avoidant and Competitive. The analysis of variance results confirmed comparative findings with the GRSLSS with males adopting more Independent and Competitive styles than females and older learners more participatory in style and younger learners higher in Avoidance and Competitiveness. (Contains 25 references and 7 tables.) (YLB)
Effective RDF Resource Identifiers for Integration of Structured Data Sources

Based upon extensive experience in the use of semantic technologies to integrate structured data from disparate systems, the author recommends a set of best practices for creating IRIs for RDF resources. Particular attention is paid to avoiding unnecessary coreferences in scenarios where data is drawn from a structured, non-semantic source of record, issues that commonly arise in Department of Defense (DoD), Intelligence Community (IC), and government contracting scenarios, as well as other common pitfalls.
Do Effectual Approaches to Entrepreneurship Destroy Value?

This paper explores the decision making processes involved in effectual logic and the relationship between behavioral biases and the effectual thinking related to entrepreneurial decision making. We consider the reasons why entrepreneurs may have a natural tendency towards effectual approaches and demonstrate under what conditions effectual processes might in some cases lead to less than desirable outcomes. We propose that entrepreneurs like other decision makers can be susceptible to behavioral biases, which can affect their effectual approaches that can either enhance or lead to less than desirable outcomes.
Extraction of horizontal vanishing line using shapes and statistical error propagation

In this paper we address the problem of estimating the horizontal vanishing line, making use of motion statistics derived from a video sequence. The computation requires the satisfying of a number of corresponding object’s height measurement; and in our approach these are extracted using motion statistics. These easy-to-compute statistics enable accurate determination of average shape of every point in the image. Thanks to the use of motion statistics and error propagation formulas in the intermediate steps, our approach gives robust results. The outcomes show that our approach gives accurate results in the context of different environments. * Corresponding author.
Is the Market a Sphere of Social Freedom?

Abstract In this paper I examine Axel Honneth's normative reconstruction of the market as a sphere of social freedom in his 2014 book, Freedom's Right. Honneth's position is complex: on the one hand, he acknowledges that modern capitalist societies do not realize social freedom; on the other hand, he insists that the promise of social freedom is implicit in the market sphere. In fact, the latter explains why modern subjects have seen capitalism as legitimate. I will reconstruct Honneth's conception of social freedom and investigate how it is realized in the sphere in which Honneth sees it most successfully at work, the sphere of interpersonal relations. I then move on to the sphere of the market economy and discuss two related problems of this view that stem from his interpretation of Hegel. Next, I consider Honneth's method of “normative reconstruction” and his reconstructions of the sphere of consumption and, finally, the labor market. My conclusion will be that market institutions cannot realize social freedom, and that this insight should orient the philosophical direction of critical social theory.
Wavelet Transform for Structural Health Monitoring: A Compendium of Uses and Features

The strategic and monetary value of the civil infrastructure worldwide necessitates the development of structural health monitoring (SHM) systems that can accurately monitor structural response due to real-time loading conditions, detect damage in the structure, and report the location and nature of this damage. In the last decade, extensive research has been carried out for developing vibration-based damage detection algorithms that can relate structural dynamics changes to damage occurrence in a structure. In the mean time, the wavelet transform (WT), a signal processing technique based on a windowing approach of dilated ‘scaled’ and shifted wavelets, is being applied to a broad range of engineering applications. Wavelet transform has proven its ability to overcome many of the limitations of the widely used Fourier transform (FT); hence, it has gained popularity as an efficient means of signal processing in SHM systems. This increasing interest in WT for SHM in diverse applications motivates the authors to write an exposition on the current WT technologies. This article presents a utilitarian view of WT and its technologies. By reviewing the state-of-the-art in WT for SHM, the article discusses specific needs of SHM addressed by WT, classifies WT for damage detection into various fields, and describes features unique to WT that lends itself to SHM. The ultimate intent of this article is to provide the readers with a background on the various aspects of WT that might appeal to their need and sector of interest in SHM. Additionally, the comprehensive literature review that comprises this study will provide the interested reader a focused search to investigate using wavelets in SHM.
Scaling test of two-flavor O(a)-improved lattice QCD

We report on a scaling test of several mesonic observables in the non-perturbatively O(a) improved Wilson theory with two flavors of dynamical quarks. The observables are constructed in a fixed volume of 2.4 fm × (1.8 fm)3 with Schrodinger functional boundary conditions. No significant scaling violations are found. Using the kaon mass determined in [1], we update our estimate of the Lambda parameter to Λ(2)/mK = 0.52(6).
Equal rights for functional objects or, the more things change, the more they are the same

We argue that intensional object identity in object-oriented programming languages and databases is best defined operationally by side-effect semantics. A corollary is that "functional" objects have extensional semantics. This model of object identity, which is analogous to the normal forms of relational algebra, provides cleaner semantics for the value-transmission operations and built-in primitive equality predicate of a programming language, and eliminates the confusion surrounding "call-by-value" and "call-by-reference" as well as the confusion of multiple equality predicates.Implementation issues are discussed, and this model is shown to have significant performance advantages in persistent, parallel, distributed and multilingual processing environments. This model also provides insight into the "type equivalence" problem of Algol-68, Pascal and Ada.