Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial inclusion in Nigeria : the challenges of banks and mobile money operators ( MMOs ) 1

Financial inclusion has been a great challenge across the world, especially in Africa with great opportunities for financial services on the micro level. And to translate those opportunities into reality, there is need to create a realistic framework through regulations; an innovative approach that meets and surpassed market’s expectation; and remuneration that encourage all stakeholders. The greatest challenge starts with the definition that gives the wrong perspective on the un(der)banked population as if they are currently financial handicap. The trust is that everyone is currently undergoing financial transactions (in one way or the other) but the difference is that the recognized people (banked population – financially included) are only those who have relationship with the regulated financial players (such as the commercial banks, microfinance banks and mobile money operators). Using Nigeria as a case study, this article is to highlight the critical areas that could facilitate the increase in financial inclusion to all stakeholders and to present the Importance and the implications of promoting financial inclusion for monetary policy and financial stability in terms of regulation of banking industry and payment systems. 1 Oluwaseun Odunayo Adesanya, adesanya@systemspecs.com. ng, is a financial inclusion and Strategy expert. He currently works with the Corporate Strategy & Performance Management team of the leading Software company in Africa, SystemSpecs. The organisation (SystemSpecs) is a software house with a focus on providing the most qualitative Human Capital Management and Financial software solutions. Founded in 1991, SystemSpecs has since emerged as a leading pan-Africa provider of e-Payment, Financial, and Human Capital Software Solutions for the Nigerian and African countries with over 250 people serving its clients across several countries including Benin, Ghana, Rwanda and Zimbabwe. Remita, developed by SystemSpecs, is an e-Payments and e-Collections solution on a single multibank platform with an optional Payroll and HR solution for full integrated processing. It has significantly assisted to revolutionize the e-payment industry in Nigeria and process over US$10 Billion worth of transactions on a monthly basis for Federal Government of Nigeria Single Treasury Account (TSA) and other clients.
Should we use the rate-adaptive AV delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy-pacing?

AIMS Recommendations for programming the rate-adaptive AV delay in CRT. METHODS AND RESULTS In cases of continual biventricular pacing, the optimal AV delay in CRT (AVD(opt)) is the net effect of the pacemaker-related interatrial conduction time (IACT), duration of the left-atrial electromechanical action (LA-EAC(long)), and the duration of the left-ventricular latency period (S(V)-EAC(short)). It can be calculated by AVD(opt) = IACT+LA-EAC(long)-S(V)-EAC(short). We measured these three components in 20 CRT-ICD patients during rest and submaximal ergo metric exercise (71 +/- 9 W) resulting in a 22.5 +/- 9.6 bpm rate increase. IACT and S(V)-EAC(short) did not reveal significant differences. LA-EAC(long), however, varied significantly by -10.7 +/- 16.1 ms (P = 0.008) during exercise. In contrast to AVD(optVDD), there was a significant difference in AVD(optDDD) of -8.8 +/- 14.5 ms (P = 0.014) between the resting and submaximal exercise conditions. In DDD pacing, AVD(opt) was shortened by 2.6 ms/10 bpm. CONCLUSION In consideration of the findings of the studies performed to date, the rate-adaptive AV delay should be deactivated.
Benzothiadiazine Dioxide Human Cytomegalovirus Inhibitors: Synthesis and Antiviral Evaluation of Main Heterocycle Modified Derivatives

The benzothiadiazine dioxide derivatives are potent non-nucleoside human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) inhibitors. As part of our comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of these compounds, we have now proposed structural modifications on the heterocyclic moiety both on the number and the nature of the fused heterocycle and on the kind of heteroatoms pre-sent on it. Synthesis of these new compounds (benzyl derivatives of thiadiazines, thienothiadiazines, benzothienothiadiazines and quinazolines) and the antiviral evaluation against HCMV has been performed. SAR investigation on this class of compounds has defined the structural requirements for potency and toxicity. They have revealed two important clues: i) a fused ring to the thiadiazine framework is necessary to maintain the anti-HCMV action, and ii) the sulfamido moiety in the main heterocycle is crucial to avoid cytotoxicity.
Comparing attitudes of public servants and outsourced employees

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention of professors, technical-administrative servants and outsourced workers of the Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO). Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted analyses of variance, with the multiple comparisons made using Tukey’s post hoc tests, as well as regression analyses. The sample of 297 workers included 115 faculty members, 86 technical-administrative servants and 96 outsourced employees. Findings The results showed that the job satisfaction of outsourced workers was significantly higher than that of the public servants. On the other hand, professors presented the highest level of affective commitment, significantly higher than technical-administrative employees and outsourced workers. Turnover intention of outsourced workers was lower than that of technical-administrative employees, despite the stability of the latter group. Practical implications From a practical standpoint, the results may guide the development human resource management policies and practices aligned with the reality and the needs of public servants and outsourced employees, thus fostering their job satisfaction, commitment and retention. Originality/value This study is relevant given the increased use of outsourced labor in the public administration and the relative paucity of empirical studies with this group of workers, as evidenced by the review of the national literature. Moreover, as the theme of outsourcing is quite controversial, the authors hope this new evidence contributes to the debate.
The Structural Anchoring of is/IT Innovation Management: toward an Organizational Design Theory

The importance of information systems and information technology (IS/IT) is growing constantly, reaching top positions on agendas of CEOs, which is fueled by current discussions about digitization and digital transformation. To gain or maintain competitive advantages, many organizations have started conducting systematic IS/IT innovation management. Empirical research has shown that current initiatives are still immature and unsuccessful. An analysis of the obstacles shows that a missing or inadequate organizational structure is one of the main challenges. Nevertheless, research on this issue is still scarce. This gap motivates our research, which aims to develop a design theory for institutionalizing IS/IT innovation management. To derive our results, we conducted an exploratory interview study, comprising ten expert interviews. We identified eight meta-requirements for a successful institutionalization. We also found that there is no “one-fits-all solution”, therefore we present six design variants and formulate propositions about the implications of each variant for the fulfillment of the meta-requirements. As a next research step, we will initiate an evaluation cycle to increase our theory’s validity and utility. Our design theory helps practitioners to find the right variant for institutionalizing IS/IT innovation management and contributes to the nascent body of knowledge on IS/IT innovation management.
Demographic Traits of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Leaf Discs and Whole Leaves

ABSTRACT Life tables of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), were studied on leaf discs and whole leaves of the common bean plant, Phaseolus vulgaris L. Data were analyzed based on the age-stage, two-sex life table theory. Durations of deutonymph stage, total preadult stage, and preoviposition period of mites reared on whole leaves (1.22, 7.6, and 0.29 d, respectively) were significantly shorter than those reared on leaf discs (1.73, 8.2, and 0.89 d, respectively). The lifetime fecundities were 22.81 and 12.05 offspring on whole leaves and leaf discs, respectively. Although hooked trichomes on the lower surface of the bean leaf contribute to adult mortality, spider mites successfully survive and reproduce on bean plants. The intrinsic rate of increase on whole leaves (0.235 d-1) was higher than that on leaf discs (0.159 d-1). Higher intrinsic rate and fecundity found in mites reared on whole leaves may be due to the higher nutritional quality of whole leaves over leaf discs. We suggest that whole leaves should be used in future studies to better simulate realistic life history characteristics. The advantages of using age-stage, two-sex life tables over female age-specific life tables are discussed.
Modeling technological innovation capability as an engine of growth: Evidence from China's SMEs

With the advent of knowledge economies, technological innovation has assumed a critical role in business growth. The purpose of this paper is thus to investigate the impact of technological innovation capability on the growth of Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by establishing conceptual framework, distinguishing driving factors from various innovation attributes, and testing empirical models. Based on a national sample of 110 SMEs, this study reveals interesting results. First, the imbalance is obviously among input, output, and basis of innovation. Second, several factors of innovation input have direct effect on business growth. Third, increasing innovation input is the main pattern of improving technological innovation capability. The findings provide important propositions for innovation capability and the growth of SMEs.
Exploration of UML diagrams based code generation methods

Unified Modelling Language is a widely accepted in software development environment. Elder programs were often complex and large that need a frequent maintenance. To overcome this problem, object oriented analysis & design paradigm is adapted by many developers. To standardize this concept, object management group introduced Unified Modelling Language (UML). There is a list of growing UML based applications from design architecture of system, coding, testing to maintenance also. Code generation is one of the majorly used applications of UML diagrams. UML diagrams can be broadly divided into structural and behavioural based diagrams. In this paper, we are mainly concentrating on behavioural diagram of unified modelling language for code generation.
In vivo function of regulatory DNA sequence elements of a major histocompatibility complex class I gene

Major histocompatibility complex class I genes are expressed in nearly all somatic tissues, although their level of expression varies. By analysis of a set of promoter deletion mutants introduced into transgenic mice, a complex regulatory element, consisting of overlapping enhancer and silencer activities, is demonstrated to function as a tissue-specific regulator of class I expression. The enhancer activity predominates in lymphoid tissues but not in nonlymphoid tissues. In contrast to the tissue-specific functions of the complex regulatory element, a second novel silencer element is shown to function in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. The complement of DNA-binding factors in different cell lines is shown to correlate with the levels of class I expression.
Investigation in the Net of the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC): A Case Study

The objective of this paper is to understand the investigation of economic and financial crimes by the Nigeria’s Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). Thus, the study through the use of case study from the qualitative research paradigm attempts to understand from the perspectives of experts from EFCC, the investigation of categories of economic and financial crimes. The findings revealed the concentration on the investigation of Public Sector Corruption (PSC) as compared to other forms of economic and financial crimes. Therefore, the paper recommends the strengthening of the investigation capacity of the EFCC to cover all forms of economic and financial crimes. Notwithstanding the need to stem the tide of PSC in Nigeria, other forms of economic and financial crimes equally have the tendency to retard the country backward in all its developmental processes.
The role of B. pertussis vaccine antigen gene variants in pertussis resurgence and possible consequences for vaccine development

ABSTRACT Whooping cough, or pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis is considered resurgent in a number of countries world-wide, despite continued high level vaccine coverage. Among a number of causes for this that have been proposed, is the emergence of B. pertussis strains expressing variants of the antigens contained in acellular pertussis vaccines; i.e. the evolution of B. pertussis toward vaccine escape. This commentary highlights the contradictory nature of evidence for this but also discusses the importance of understanding the role of B. pertussis adaptation to vaccine-mediated immune selection pressures for vaccine-mediated pertussis control strategies.
Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Hallucinations in Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Literature Review

Patients with Lewy body disease (LBD) frequently experience visual hallucinations (VH), well-formed images perceived without the presence of real stimuli. The structural and functional brain mechanisms underlying VH in LBD are still unclear. The present review summarises the current literature on the neural correlates of VH in LBD, namely Parkinson’s disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Following a systematic literature search, 56 neuroimaging studies of VH in PD and DLB were critically reviewed and evaluated for quality assessment. The main structural neuroimaging results on VH in LBD revealed grey matter loss in frontal areas in patients with dementia, and parietal and occipito-temporal regions in PD without dementia. Parietal and temporal hypometabolism was also reported in hallucinating PD patients. Disrupted functional connectivity was detected especially in the default mode network and fronto-parietal regions. However, evidence on structural and functional connectivity is still limited and requires further investigation. The current literature is in line with integrative models of VH suggesting a role of attention and perception deficits in the development of VH. However, despite the close relationship between VH and cognitive impairment, its associations with brain structure and function have been explored only by a limited number of studies.
Connexin36 : a novel therapeutic target to correct beta-cell dysfunctions ?

Ce travail de these a permis de developper une nouvelle methode basee sur la mesure de la synchronisation intercellulaire des oscillations calciques, afin d'evaluer de facon rapide et non invasive le couplage du a la Cx36. Nous avons valide cette methode a l'aide de cellules sous exprimant la Cx36, ainsi qu'a l'aide de molecules connues pour augmenter ou diminuer le couplage. A ce jour, peu d'effecteurs sont connus pour moduler le couplage du a la Cx36. Nous en avons identifie certains modulant la synchronisation des oscillations calciques et la quantite/assemblage de la Cx36. La decouverte de ces molecules est une avancee dans le domaine d'etude de la Cx36 car elles devraient permettre de mieux comprendre sa fonction. L'identification d'un compose ciblant specifiquement la Cx36 permettrait de comprendre les mecanismes dans lesquels elle est impliquee notamment dans les dysfonctionnements de la cellule β rencontres lors d'un diabete de type 2.
It’s the Time to Assess the Quality of National CSR

Most companies in the implementation of social responsibility using a number of the company's budget for pro-social activities and philanthropy. Cited from some previous research that factors are more expressed in CSRD (Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure) is human resources and community involvement while Environmental disclosure still require more attention. Not concern in environmental issues will threat the sustainability of the environmental and community life itself. Some economists realized that the quality of the environment has an inverse relationship (trade-off), which means that efforts to accelerate economic growth will be followed by the environmental damage due to the depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. The level of public awareness and businesses respond to the needs of nature conservation with an efficient use of resources is still very varied across the country. It is believed to be due to differences in the level of competitiveness across countries. The level of competitiveness is associated with innovation, skills (Fagerberg, 1996) and technology (Eisdofer and Hsu, 2011). Developed countries have a higher level of competitiveness compared with developing countries and some research suggests the implementation of CSR in developed countries is better when compared to developing countries. Companies are operating in the hightech industry has the opportunity to become the market leader, but this does not guarantee a high quality of CSR activities in that countries. To date, there has not been much research on measuring the quality of CSR. This study offers a measurement of the National CSR Index Quality for mining and metal sector. Researchers considered that the measure of quality for each business sector is not the same. This study uses content analysis of the aspects listed companies based on the quality criteria set out in this study.
Earnings management and organizational performance: Pakistan VS India

Earnings management is a process of consciously taking steps in the area of accepted accounting principles in order to deliver reported earnings to expected profit. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the impact of earnings management on the organizational performance construction and material in Pakistan and India. The sample of this study was 20 listed companies of Karachi Stock Exchange (Pakistan) and 20 of Bombay Stock Exchange (India) for the period of 2009-2013. OLS technique was applied for hypothesis testing. This study indicates that there is a significant negative relationship between earnings management and organizational performance in Pakistan. On the other hand, there is an insignificant relationship between earnings management and organizational performance in India. Moreover, there is a significant mean difference of Pakistani and Indian construction sector firms’ discretionary accruals, return on assets and return on equity.
Counting-On, Trading and Partitioning:

Factors affecting performance on Base-10 tasks were investigated in a series of four studies with a total of 453 children aged five to seven years. Training in counting-on was found to enhance child performance on Base-10 tasks (Studies 2, 3, and 4), while prior knowledge of counting-on (Study 1), trading (Studies 1 and 3) and partitioning (Studies 1 and 4) were associated with enhanced Base-10 performance. It emerged that procedural knowledge of counting-on, trading and partitioning can lead to improvements in procedural knowledge of the Base-10 system. The findings lend support to the model of iterative development of conceptual and procedural knowledge advanced by Rittle-Johnson, Siegler and Alibali (2001).
Perceived benefits of a community college cooperative education program.

PERCEIVED BENEFITS OF A COMMUNITY COLLEGE COOPERATIVE EDUCATION PROGRAM DIANE ROSS GARY, B.A., CENTRAL CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY M.A. , CENTRAL CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY Ed.D. , UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by: Professor Atron Gentry Cooperative education has been in existence for approximately eighty three years as a tool to supplement classroom instruction with practical work experience. Some reports suggest that the combination of classroom learning and on-the-job training provides substantial benefits to cooperative education students. Despite these findings, cooperative education has not achieved the recognition that it probably deserves. This may be due to a number of reasons including: (1) lack of adequate promotion, (2) lack of adequate funding, and (3) lack of understanding of the program itself. A major contributing factor to these three limitations, is the failure of cooperative educators to sufficiently document the benefit of cooperative education programs. In fact, the reports attended to above have recognized the need for greater documentation of program benefits. The present study was undertaken to provide some empirical data regarding the perceived benefits of a community college cooperative education program. In conducting the study the researcher hoped to contribute to vi the existing data base on the benefit of cooperative education by examining the professional development and personal growth effects of a cooperative education program. The study was an ex post facto retrospective survey conducted among 460 former cooperative education students from Quinsigamond Community College in Worcester, Massachusetts. A survey instrument called the Cooperative Education Assessment Survey (CEAS) was developed specifically for the study. The results indicated that a majority of the participants assessed the professional development and personal growth benefits of the program positively. No gender differences were observed. However, significant race, age, employment status and enrollment status differences were found.
Oestradiol Assays: Applications and Guidelines for the Provision of a Clinical Biochemistry Service

This paper reports on the provision of a clinical biochemistry service for serum oestradiol. The pathophysiology and recognised applications of oestradiol assays are discussed and the current availability of assay reagents and methodologies reviewed. Data are presented on the analytical performance of assays for serum oestradiol in the UK External Quality Assessment Scheme (UKEQAS) and general guidance is offered to laboratories providing a diagnostic service for this analyte.
Research on optimal allocation of reactive power compensators in substation

An optimal method on allocation of reactive power compensators in substations is proposed in this paper. Equivalent circuit of 110kV substation is built up, which can model load capacity, short circuit capacity, transformer, motor in load, and power factor. Power load is modeled with composite load containing motor and constant Z load. Firstly the capacity of shunt capacitor is determined by the demand to make power factors of entirely substation equal to 1. Secondly the capacity of dynamic var source such as STAT COM or SVC is determined by the demand to prevent transient voltage collapse under faults. The capacities of reactive power compensators on different system conditions are analyzed which can be referred by power system planners and operators.