Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasi-Perfect Lee Codes from Quadratic Curves over Finite Fields

Golomb and Welch conjectured in 1970 that there only exist perfect Lee codes for radius $t=1$ or dimension $n=1, 2$. It is admitted that the existence and the construction of quasi-perfect Lee codes have to be studied since they are the best alternative to the perfect codes. In this paper we firstly highlight the relationships between subset sums, Cayley graphs, and Lee linear codes and present some results. Next, we present a new constructive method for constructing quasi-perfect Lee codes. Our approach uses subsets derived from some quadratic curves over finite fields (in odd characteristic) to derive two classes of $2$-quasi-perfect Lee codes are given over the space $\mathbb{Z}_p^n$ for $n=\frac{p^k+1}{2}$ $(\text{with} ~p\equiv 1, -5 \mod 12 \text{and} k \text{is any integer}, \text{or} p\equiv -1, 5 \mod 12 \text{and} k \text{is an even integer})$ and $n=\frac{p^k-1}{2}$ $(\text{with}p\equiv -1, 5 \mod 12, k \text{is an odd integer} \text{and} p^k>12)$, where $p$ is an odd prime. Our codes encompass the quasi-perfect Lee codes constructed recently by Camarero and Mart\'inez. Furthermore, we solve a conjecture proposed by Camarero and Mart\'inez (in "quasi-perfect Lee codes of radius $2$ and arbitrarily large dimension", IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 62, no. 3, 2016) by proving that the related Cayley graphs are Ramanujan or almost Ramanujan. The Lee codes presented in this paper have applications to constrained and partial-response channels, in flash memories and decision diagrams.
LKB1 acts as a critical gatekeeper of ovarian primordial follicle pool

Liver Kinase b1 (LKB1/STK11)is a tumor suppressor responsible for the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, an autosomal-dominant, cancer-prone disorder in which patients develop neoplasms in several organs, including the oviduct, ovary, and cervix. Besides, the C allele of a SNP in the Lkb1 gene impedes the likelihood of ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women treated with metformin, a known LKB1-AMPK activator. It is very likely that LKB1 plays roles in female fertility. To identify the physiological functions of LKB1 in the mouse ovary, we selectively disrupted LKB1 in oocytes by the Cre-LoxP conditional knockout system and found that Lkb1fl/fl; Gdf9-Cre mice were severely subfertile with significantly enlarged ovaries compared to Lkb1fl/fl mice. Interestingly, without Lkb1 expression in oocytes from the primordial follicle stage, the entire primordial follicle pool was activated but failed to mature and ovulate, subsequently causing premature ovarian failure (POF). Further investigation demonstrated that elevated mTOR signaling regulated by an AKT-independent LKB1-AMPK pathway was responsible for the excessive follicle activation and growth. Our findings reveal the role of LKB1 as an indispensable gatekeeper for the primordial follicle pool, offer new functional understanding for the tumor suppressor genes in reproductive organs, and might also provide valuable information for understanding POF and infertility.
Ext classes and embeddings for C*-algebras of graphs with sinks

We consider directed graphs E which have been obtained by adding a sink to a fixed graph G. We associate an element of Ext(C*(G)) to each such E, and show that the classes of two such graphs are equal in Ext(C*(G)) if and only if the associated C*-algebra of one can be embedded as a full corner in the C*-algebra of the other in a particular way. If every loop in G has an exit, then we are able to use this result to generalize some of the classification theorems of Raeburn, Tomforde, and Williams for C*-algebras of graphs with sinks.
Auditory reafferences: the influence of real-time feedback on movement control

Auditory reafferences are real-time auditory products created by a person’s own movements. Whereas the interdependency of action and perception is generally well studied, the auditory feedback channel and the influence of perceptual processes during movement execution remain largely unconsidered. We argue that movements have a rhythmic character that is closely connected to sound, making it possible to manipulate auditory reafferences online to understand their role in motor control. We examined if step sounds, occurring as a by-product of running, have an influence on the performance of a complex movement task. Twenty participants completed a hurdling task in three auditory feedback conditions: a control condition with normal auditory feedback, a white noise condition in which sound was masked, and a delayed auditory feedback condition. Overall time and kinematic data were collected. Results show that delayed auditory feedback led to a significantly slower overall time and changed kinematic parameters. Our findings complement previous investigations in a natural movement situation with non-artificial auditory cues. Our results support the existing theoretical understanding of action–perception coupling and hold potential for applied work, where naturally occurring movement sounds can be implemented in the motor learning processes.
Validation of the SenseWear Pro3 Armband Using an Incremental Exercise Test

Abstract van Hoye, K, Mortelmans, P, and Lefevre, J. Validation of the SenseWear Pro3 Armband using an incremental exercise test. J Strength Cond Res 28(10): 2806–2814, 2014—The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of a multisensor activity monitor in measuring energy expenditure (EE) using an incremental exercise test. The SenseWear Pro3 Armband (SWA) has been shown a valid and practical tool in measuring the EE of daily living activities but shows significant errors in estimating EE of activities of vigorous and very vigorous intensity. Recently, a new algorithm was developed for SWA (SWA v5.2). The aim of this study was to validate the new SWA algorithm in assessing EE using an incremental exercise test. Data were obtained from 44 students (age, 21.1 ± 1.4 years). During an incremental running test, EE estimates of the SWA were compared with the indirect calorimetry (IC). A paired t-test, Bland and Altman plots, and correlation coefficients were used as statistical techniques. Compared with the IC, the SWA showed no significant difference when walking at 1.5 m·s−1 (p = 0.901) but significantly underestimated EE at higher speeds starting from a jogging speed of 1.67 m·s−1 for men and from a running speed of 2 m·s−1 for women. The underestimation increased significantly with increasing intensity in both male and female participants. The accurate measurement of EE at moderate intensity makes the monitor a valid tool in estimating daily life activities. However, our study results question the applicability of the monitor for individuals willing to monitor their EE during vigorous or very vigorous exercise intensities because a significant underestimation of the new algorithm is still present. In future, the EE algorithm needs to be further adjusted to give an accurate estimate of EE for high-intensity exercises.
PET: Molecular Imaging and Its Biological Applications

1 Pet: Physics, Instrumentation, And Scanners. - 2 Quantitative Assay Development for Pet. - 3 Electronic Generators. - 4 The Molecular Basis of Disease. - 5 Oncological Applications of Fdg-Pet. - 6 Positron Emission Tomography of The Heart: Methodology, Findings in the Normal and the Diseased Heart, and Clinical Applications. - 7 Molecular Imaging of Biological Processes with Pet: Evaluating Biologic Bases of Cerebral Function.
Nitrogen deposition and multi-dimensional plant diversity at the landscape scale

Estimating effects of nitrogen (N) deposition is essential for understanding human impacts on biodiversity. However, studies relating atmospheric N deposition to plant diversity are usually restricted to small plots of high conservation value. Here, we used data on 381 randomly selected 1 km2 plots covering most habitat types of Central Europe and an elevational range of 2900 m. We found that high atmospheric N deposition was associated with low values of six measures of plant diversity. The weakest negative relation to N deposition was found in the traditionally measured total species richness. The strongest relation to N deposition was in phylogenetic diversity, with an estimated loss of 19% due to atmospheric N deposition as compared with a homogeneously distributed historic N deposition without human influence, or of 11% as compared with a spatially varying N deposition for the year 1880, during industrialization in Europe. Because phylogenetic plant diversity is often related to ecosystem functioning, we suggest that atmospheric N deposition threatens functioning of ecosystems at the landscape scale.
Entropic metric alignment for correspondence problems

Many shape and image processing tools rely on computation of correspondences between geometric domains. Efficient methods that stably extract "soft" matches in the presence of diverse geometric structures have proven to be valuable for shape retrieval and transfer of labels or semantic information. With these applications in mind, we present an algorithm for probabilistic correspondence that optimizes an entropy-regularized Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) objective. Built upon recent developments in numerical optimal transportation, our algorithm is compact, provably convergent, and applicable to any geometric domain expressible as a metric measure matrix. We provide comprehensive experiments illustrating the convergence and applicability of our algorithm to a variety of graphics tasks. Furthermore, we expand entropic GW correspondence to a framework for other matching problems, incorporating partial distance matrices, user guidance, shape exploration, symmetry detection, and joint analysis of more than two domains. These applications expand the scope of entropic GW correspondence to major shape analysis problems and are stable to distortion and noise.
New on-line preemptive scheduling policies for improving real-time behavior

In real-time systems, schedulability is mandatory but other application-dependent performance criteria are most generally of interest. We first define the properties that a "good" real-time scheduling algorithm must possess. Then, we exhibit a class of easily-implementable policies that should be well suited to various applicative contexts because, in our experiments, these policies provide good trade-off between feasibility and the satisfaction of the application-dependent criteria. We propose a schedulability analysis generic for all policies within this class and evaluate other criteria by simulation. The study is illustrated in the framework of computer-controlled systems that are known to be sensitive to various delays induced by resource sharing
Detection of Irregularities and Rips by Finding Critical Points of Morse Theory — Preliminary Results on Analysis on Sales Data

As data mining grows its significance in real world information extraction, we need a robust methodology without using rich assumptions. In detection of irregularities, statistical methods are very successful when we assume some distribution. However, even when we encounter data with unknown distribution, we must first assume some distribution, which may cause incorrect inference. This paper applies topological data analysis (TDA) methodologies to detection of irregularities and rips. We also apply Morse theory together with persistent homology to the analysis of dynamical system of big data set such as the surveillance video data and the sales dynamics. The idea is that data tendency changes can be observed as a change of data connectivity. In this paper, we explore the theory of critical points by using Morse theory. Furthermore, we compute the persistent homology groups over daily sales data in a store, a typical dynamical system that we know little about. We show the computed critical points of dimension 1 through 3 in the experiment. The growth of dimensions shows that some irregular event may have happened on the corresponding date point. Although we need refinement on the interpretation of the result, anyway we can collect the candidates of irregularities.
Comparison of the effect of TiOx lines number in the tunneling junctions to the tunneling phenomenon

In this paper, tunneling phenomena of tunneling junctions are studied and analyzed. Tunneling junction is the basic structure of single electric transistor (SET) and other nano devices. Ultra fine oxidized titanium (Ti) lines are formed on the Ti layer, which is 3nm thick and sputtered on a SiO2 substrate by magnetron sputtering. The atomic force microscope (AFM)'s tip is used as a selective anodization electrode to oxidate the Ti film between electrode structures that are formed by photo lithography. Ti-TiOx-Ti forms metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunneling junction, and TiOx works as an energy barrier for the electron. Different number of TiOx lines is fabricated between two electrodes by controlling fabrication condition and environment at the same value. And then, the I-V characteristics of tunneling junctions with different number of TiOx lines are measured. The results indicate that the tunneling phenomena of tunneling junctions with different number of TiOx lines are different.
Prosodic Features of Familial Language Impairment:Constraints on Stress Assignment

This paper is part of a study of prosodic features of familial language impairment (FLI) in English. It reports the results of a set of experiments designed to investigate the factors that play a role in the assignment of stress to words which are longer than two syllables. It appears that stress assignment in FLI is constrained by a restriction limiting the maximal size of the stress domain to a bisyllabic unit, formally defined as the minimal prosodic word. We hypothesize that this restriction is responsible for variable patterns of word truncation, stress levelling and compounding that characterize the production of polysyllabic words.
Colour correction of underwater images

Objects look very different in the underwater environment compared to their appearance in sunlight. High quality images with correct colouring simplify the detection of underwater objects and may allow the use of visual SLAM algorithms developed for land-based robots underwater. Hence, image processing is required to obtain images of high quality and correct colouring. Current algorithms focus on the colour reconstruction of scenery at diving depth which has the advantage that a significant part of sunlight is still present and different colours can still be distinguished. At greater depth the filtering is much stronger such that this is no longer possible. In this study it is investigated whether machine learning can be used to transform image data. In order to obtain images under underwater lighting conditions in a controlled environment a special light source with a defined wavelength is used for illumination of test objects in a laboratory setup. The images are then fed through statistical learning algorithms with or without pre-filters. It is shown that k-nearest neighbour and support vector machines are most suitable for the given task and yield excellent results. Most difficult are the distinction between red and black / dark grey objects as well as coping with reflections.
A Safe, Efficient Object Database Interface Using Batched Futures

For many systems such as operating systems and databases it is important to run client code in a separate protection domain so that it cannot interfere with the correct operation of the system. Clients communicate with the server by making cross domain calls, but these are expensive, often costing substantially more than running the call itself. This thesis describes a new mechanism called batched futures that transparently batches client calls so that domain crossings happen less often, thus substantially reducing the cost. This thesis also presents performance results showing the benefits of the mechanism on various benchmarks. Batched futures are described in a context in which they are particularly applicable and useful: the client interface to Thor, a new object-oriented database. A secondary contribution of this thesis is the description of this safe, language-independent client interface to Thor.
A novel method for estimating the number of species within a region

Ecologists are often required to estimate the number of species in a region or designated area. A number of diversity indices are available for this purpose and are based on sampling the area using quadrats or other means, and estimating the total number of species from these samples. In this paper, a novel theory and method for estimating the number of species is developed. The theory involves the use of the Laplace method for approximating asymptotic integrals. The method is shown to be successful by testing random simulated datasets. In addition, several real survey datasets are tested, including forests that contain a large number (tens to hundreds) of tree species, and an aquatic system with a large number of fish species. The method is shown to give accurate results, and in almost all cases found to be superior to existing tools for estimating diversity.
SlangSD: Building and Using a Sentiment Dictionary of Slang Words for Short-Text Sentiment Classification

Sentiment in social media is increasingly considered as an important resource for customer segmentation, market understanding, and tackling other socio-economic issues. However, sentiment in social media is difficult to measure since user-generated content is usually short and informal. Although many traditional sentiment analysis methods have been proposed, identifying slang sentiment words remains untackled. One of the reasons is that slang sentiment words are not available in existing dictionaries or sentiment lexicons. To this end, we propose to build the first sentiment dictionary of slang words to aid sentiment analysis of social media content. It is laborious and time-consuming to collect and label the sentiment polarity of a comprehensive list of slang words. We present an approach to leverage web resources to construct an extensive Slang Sentiment word Dictionary (SlangSD) that is easy to maintain and extend. SlangSD is publicly available for research purposes. We empirically show the advantages of using SlangSD, the newly-built slang sentiment word dictionary for sentiment classification, and provide examples demonstrating its ease of use with an existing sentiment system.
Noise Characterization of Weighting Schemes for Combination of Multiple Exposures

A method for capturing high intensity dynamic range scenes with a low dynamic range camera consists in taking a series of images with di erent exposure settings and combining these into a single high dynamic range image. The combined image values are found by weighted averaging of values from the di erently exposed images on a per-pixel basis. This paper reviews existing weighting schemes and considers their noise properties. Furthermore, a minimum-variance solution is introduced which exploits a camera noise model. Special emphasis is on the case when the camera is linear. A method is given for estimating the uncertainty of the combined image values. The results are validated experimentally.
Evaluation of BACE1 Silencing in Cellular Models

Beta-secretase (BACE1) is the major enzyme participating in generation of toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, identified in amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Its downregulation results in decreasing secretion of Aβ. Thus, BACE1 silencing by RNAi represents possible strategy for antiamyloid therapy in the treatment of AD. In this study, a series of newly designed sequences of synthetic and vector-encoded siRNAs (pSilencer, pcPURhU6, and lentivirus) were tested against overexpressed and endogenous BACE1 in several cell lines and in adult neural progenitor cells, derived from rat hippocampus. SiRNAs active in human, mouse, and rat cell models were shown to diminish the level of BACE1. In HCN A94 cells, two BACE1-specific siRNAs did not alter the expression of genes of BACE2 and several selected genes involved in neurogenesis (Synapsin I, βIII-Tubulin, Calbidin, NeuroD1, GluR2, CREB, MeCP2, PKR), however, remarkable lowering of SCG10 mRNA, coding protein of stathmin family, important in the development of nervous system, was observed.
Technical Principle of Integrated Solidification and Cementation at Cement-Formation Interface with Mud Cake to Agglomerated Cake (MTA) Method and its Oilfield Application

The technical principle of integrated solidification and cementation at cement-formation interface (ISCCFI) with Mud Cake to Agglomerated Cake (MTA) method based on the mud cake modifier and forming agent of agglomerated cake can be divided into two steps. Firstly, add the mud cake modifier (the amount is 1 % to 3 %) to the drilling fluid before drilling the isolation section, and keep this proportion until the well completion. Secondly, prepare 3 to 4 cubic meters of prepad fluid based on forming agent of agglomerated cake before the well cementing operation. This new method doesn’t need to change oilwell cement slurry system. In order to verify the practical cementing effect of MTA method, it was applicated in 16 adjustment wells (9 conventional wells and 7 heavy oil wells) in the old area of two oilfields in China. The interpretation results of CBL/VDL (Cement Bond Logging/Acoustic Variable Density logging) show that the qualified rate of casing-cement interface and cement-formation interface is up to 100 %, and the qualified rate of cement-formation interface increased by 30 % in Shengli oilfield and the average high-quality rate of all the isolation section length at cement-formation interface reaches 90.48 % in Henan oilfield.
Corpus Exploitation from Wikipedia for Ontology Construction

Ontology construction usually requires a domain-specific corpus for building corresponding concept hierarchy. The domain corpus must have a good coverage of domain knowledge. Wikipedia(Wiki), the worlds largest online encyclopaedic knowledge source, is open-content, collaboratively edited, and free of charge. It covers millions of articles and still keeps on expanding continuously. These characteristics make Wiki a good candidate as domain corpus resource in ontology construction. However, the selected article collection must have considerable quality and quantity. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to identify articles in Wiki as domain-specific corpus by using available classification information in Wiki pages. The main idea is to generate a domain hierarchy from the hyperlinked pages of Wiki. Only articles strongly linked to this hierarchy are selected as the domain corpus. The proposed approach makes use of linked category information in Wiki pages to produce the hierarchy as a directed graph for obtaining a set of pages in the same connected branch. Ranking and filtering are then done on these pages based on the classification tree generated by the traversal algorithm. The experiment and evaluation results show that Wiki is a good resource for acquiring a relative high quality domain-specific corpus for ontology construction.