Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dose-dependent inhibition of proteasome activity by a mutant ubiquitin associated with neurodegenerative disease

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the main regulated intracellular proteolytic pathway. Increasing evidence implicates impairment of this system in the pathogenesis of diseases with ubiquitin-positive pathology. A mutant ubiquitin, UBB+1, accumulates in the pathological hallmarks of tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, polyglutamine diseases, liver disease and muscle disease and serves as an endogenous reporter for proteasomal dysfunction in these diseases. UBB+1 is a substrate for proteasomal degradation, however it can also inhibit the proteasome. Here, we show that UBB+1 properties shift from substrate to inhibitor in a dose-dependent manner in cell culture using an inducible UBB+1 expression system. At low expression levels, UBB+1 was efficiently degraded by the proteasome. At high levels, the proteasome failed to degrade UBB+1, causing its accumulation, which subsequently induced a reversible functional impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Also in brain slice cultures, UBB+1 accumulation and concomitant proteasome inhibition was only induced at high expression levels. Our findings show that by varying UBB+1 expression levels, the dual proteasome substrate and inhibitory properties can be optimally used to serve as a research tool to study the ubiquitin-proteasome system and to further elucidate the role of aberrations of this pathway in disease.
Query-by-Beat-Boxing: Music Retrieval For The DJ

BeatBoxing is a type of vocal percussion, where musicians use their lips, cheeks, and throat to create different beats. It is commonly used by hiphop and rap artists. In this paper, we explore the use of BeatBoxing as a query mechanism for music information retrieval and more speci£cally the retrieval of drum loops. A classi£cation system that automatically identi£es the individual beat boxing sounds and can map them to corresponding drum sounds has been developed. In addition, the tempo of BeatBoxing is automatically detected and used to dynamically browse a database of music. We also describe some experiments in extracting structural representations of rhythm and their use for style classi£cation of drum loops.
Compact Optical Switches and Modulators Based on Dispersion Engineered Photonic Crystals

We use slow-light photonic crystals to enhance optical switching and modulation in silicon. By using dispersion-engineered designs, a switch as short as 5 ¿m was achieved, in which we have demonstrated rerouting of optical pulses on a 3-ps time scale through the absorption of a femtosecond pulse. We additionally demonstrate a modulator with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration with flat-band slow-light photonic crystal phase shifters that is designed to give a large group-index-bandwidth product. An extinction ratio in excess of 15 dB is obtained over the entire 11-nm bandwidth of the modulator.
The economics of scientific knowledge : a rational choice institutionalist theory of science

Part 1 Toward a rational choice approach to science - a theoretical framework: quasi-economic models of science appeal to the rational choice approach rational choice theories of science. Part 2 The scientist as a scientific entrepreneur: scientific entrepreneur entrepreneurial activity productive organization. Part 3 The scientist as a scientific consumer: consumer activity strategic preference satisficing rationality. Part 4 The scientific community as an exchange organization: exchange model of scientific community scientific exchange why does scientific community exist? Part 5 Toward an institutional analysis of science - a research agenda: scientific institution scientific performance explanatory and normative analysis. Part 6 The distributive rules of science: collective action problem institutional solutions the scientific contract. Part 7 The constitutional rules of science: cognitive paradigm authority structure narural selection as an evolutionary mechanism. Part 8 The aggregative rules of science: intellectual market constitutional choice collective rationality.
Treatment of Co-Occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use: Does Order of Onset Influence Outcomes?

Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) represent major public health concerns, particularly among veterans. They are associated with significant distress and impairment, and are highly comorbid. Little is known, however, about what role the temporal order of diagnostic onset may play in severity of presenting symptomatology and treatment outcomes. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine treatment outcomes by order of onset. Method: Participants were 46 U.S. military veterans (91.3% male) enrolled in a larger randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of an integrated, exposure-based treatment (Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure; COPE). Participants were grouped into 2 categories: (a) primary PTSD (i.e., PTSD developed before the onset of SUD) or (b) primary SUD (i.e., SUD developed before the onset of PTSD). Results: No significant associations between order of onset and baseline symptomatology were observed. The findings revealed that participants with primary PTSD were significantly more likely than participants with primary SUD to report higher levels of PTSD symptoms at the end of treatment. However, there was no effect of order of onset on SUD outcomes. Conclusions: The findings suggest that individuals with earlier PTSD onset are a particularly high-risk group in terms of their trauma-related symptoms. Implications for treatment of comorbid PTSD/SUD are discussed.
Patient-requested Neuraxial Analgesia for Labor: Impact on Rates of Cesarean and Instrumental Vaginal Delivery

A systematic review, including a meta-analysis, on the timing effects of neuraxial analgesia (NA) on cesarean and instrumental vaginal deliveries in nulliparous women was conducted. Of 20 articles identified, 9 met the inclusion quality criteria (3,320 participants). Cesarean delivery (odds ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.23) and instrumental vaginal delivery (odds ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–1.21) rates were similar in the early NA and control groups. Neonates of women with early NA had a higher umbilical artery pH and received less naloxone. In the early NA group, fewer women were not compliant with assigned treatment and crossed over to the control group. Women receiving early NA for pain relief are not at increased risk of operative delivery, whereas those receiving early parenteral opioid and late epidural analgesia present a higher risk of instrumental vaginal delivery for nonreassuring fetal status, worse indices of neonatal wellness, and a lower quality of maternal analgesia.
Monolithic Integration of Ultrafast Photodetector and MESFET in the GaN Material System

We have fabricated and characterized ultrafast metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors integrated with metal-semiconductor-field-effect-transistors (MESFETs) integrated in coplanar strip lines in the GaN/AlN/SiC material system. We recorded electrical transients of the single photodetector as short as 0.9 ps wide by optoelectric pump-probe measurements using 360-nm-wavelength and 100-fs-duration laser pulses. Electric photoresponse transients of the photodetector with 6-mV peak amplitude were amplified by the MESFET, resulting in 4-ps-wide and 35-mV peak amplitude signals. This monolithically integrated optoelectronic circuit is presented as a potential candidate for high-speed ultraviolet optoelectronics.
Theraplay : innovations in attachment-enhancing play therapy

Theraplay is a form of structured play therapy designed to strengthen the attachment between parents and their child. Dr. Evangeline Munns, a Theraplay therapist and trainer, introduces this treatment method in its traditional format of individual child and parent sessions. Its simple, action-oriented, and visual activities are presented in an atmosphere of playfulness and fun, designed to easily engage both parent and child. The adaptability of this approach has led to its innovative application in working with various populations (failure to-thrive infants, sexually abused children), within various formats (siblings, families, multi-families, groups), and in various settings (private practice, mental health centers, schools). Emphasizing enhanced self-esteem, trust, and confidence, Theraplay techniques are clearly and creatively presented with rich clinical detail in this volume.
Dealing with server corruption in weakly consistent, replicated data systems

Providing high availability and the ability to share data despite the weak connectivity of mobile computing raises the problem of trusting replicated data servers that may be corrupt. This is because servers must be run on portable computers, and these machines are less secure and thus less trustworthy than those traditionally used to run servers. We describe the kinds of problems one must be prepared to deal with, noting that even users of secured, non‐portable computers are at risk if servers trust all authorized peers. We show that high availability through data replication on portable computers need not be mutually exclusive with various levels of data security one might want. We give three solutions to this trust problem for a simple example architecture, achieving progressively higher levels of security with progressively higher costs. We then show how to solve this trust problem for the more complex architecture of Bayou, a weakly consistent replicated data system we built at Xerox PARC.
An Efficient Simulation Environment for Modeling Large-Scale Cortical Processing

We have developed a spiking neural network simulator, which is both easy to use and computationally efficient, for the generation of large-scale computational neuroscience models. The simulator implements current or conductance based Izhikevich neuron networks, having spike-timing dependent plasticity and short-term plasticity. It uses a standard network construction interface. The simulator allows for execution on either GPUs or CPUs. The simulator, which is written in C/C++, allows for both fine grain and coarse grain specificity of a host of parameters. We demonstrate the ease of use and computational efficiency of this model by implementing a large-scale model of cortical areas V1, V4, and area MT. The complete model, which has 138,240 neurons and approximately 30 million synapses, runs in real-time on an off-the-shelf GPU. The simulator source code, as well as the source code for the cortical model examples is publicly available.
Telomere length measurement in mouse chromosomes by a modified Q-FISH method

Telomeres are physical ends of mammalian chromosomes that dynamically change during the lifetime of a cell or organism. In order to understand mechanisms responsible for telomere dynamics, it is necessary to develop methods for accurate telomere length measurement. The most sensitive method for measuring telomere length in mouse chromosomes is quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q-FISH). The usual protocol for Q-FISH requires plasmids with variable numbers of telomeric repeats and fluorescence beads as calibration standards. Here, we describe a Q-FISH protocol in which two mouse lymphoma cell lines with well-defined telomere lengths are used as calibration standards. Using this protocol we demonstrate that reproducible results can be obtained in a set of four different mouse cell lines. This method can be adapted so that any pair of mammalian cell lines can serve as an internal calibration standard.
Placing Streaming Applications with Similarities on Dynamically Partially Reconfigurable Architectures

By means of partial reconfiguration, parts of the hardware can be dynamically exchanged during operation what allows to adapt the system to changing requirements, and even enables the implementation of self-managing systems. This however requires sophisticated system architectures as well as proper algorithmic runtime support. In this paper, we present an algorithm for placing streaming applications at runtime. The approach considers the heterogeneity of common FPGAs, such as Block-RAMs, as well as the routing restrictions of on-chip streaming interconnections. To reduce reconfiguration time, we extend the data flow graphs by OR-nodes to describe differing parts of applications while keeping their similarities. This allows us to model systems which only reconfigure differing parts when switching between applications. The proposed algorithm is implemented as runtime support on an FPGA-based system-on-chip.
Near-Field Millimeter Wave and Microwave Tomography Imaging

A near-field millimeter-wave tomography system has been designed and built for imaging of hidden objects located in subsurface areas of different materials and fabrics. In our investigations we used conceptions of near-field microscopy and subsurface tomography. The algorithm is based on the integral representation of the scattered field at the probing line above a lossy half-space containing a cylindrical object of arbitrary cross-section and electrical properties in the case of plane wave incidence. The object function is related to 1D Fourier transform of the measured scattered field by the tomography integral equation. For image reconstruction of objects a part of the spatial spectrum of the scattered field due to nonuniform or evanescent waves was employed.
Can Spanish Be Simpler? LexSiS: Lexical Simplification for Spanish

Lexical simplification is the task of replacing a word in a given context by an easier-to-understand synonym. Although a number of lexical simplification approaches have been developed in recent years, most of them have been applied to English, with recent work taking advantage of parallel monolingual datasets for training. Here we present LexSiS, a lexical simplification system for Spanish that does not require a parallel corpus, but instead relies on freely available resources, such as an on-line dictionary and the Web as a corpus. LexSiS uses three techniques for finding a suitable word substitute: a word vector model, word frequency, and word length. In experiments with human informants, we have verified that LexSiS performs better than a hard-to-beat baseline based on synonym frequency.
ADF Proteins Are Involved in the Control of Flowering and Regulate F-Actin Organization, Cell Expansion, and Organ Growth in Arabidopsis

Based mostly on the results of in vitro experiments, ADF (actin-depolymerizing factor) proteins are thought to be key modulators of the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton. The few studies concerned with the in vivo function of ADF proteins that have been reported to date were performed almost exclusively using single-cell systems and have failed to produce consistent results. To investigate ADF functions in vivo and during the development of multicellular organs, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants that express a cDNA encoding an ADF protein (AtADF1) in the sense or the antisense orientation under the control of a strong constitutively active promoter. Selected lines with significantly altered levels of AtADF protein expression were characterized phenotypically. Overexpression of AtADF1 resulted in the disappearance of thick actin cables in different cell types, caused irregular cellular and tissue morphogenesis, and reduced the growth of cells and organs. In contrast, reduced AtADF expression promoted the formation of actin cables, resulted in a delay in flowering, and stimulated cell expansion as well as organ growth. These results are consistent with the molecular functions of ADF as predicted by in vitro studies, support the global roles of ADF proteins during the development of a multicellular organism, and demonstrate that these proteins are key regulators of F-actin organization, flowering, and cell and organ expansion in Arabidopsis.
OBESIDAD Y SATISFACCIÓN CON LA VIDA: UN ANÁLISIS DE TRAYECTORIA

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between obesity, body image dissatisfaction, teasing perception, and attitude towards physical appearance and the influence of these variables on life satisfaction. Using a non-experimental, cross-sectional design, a path analysis was performed on data from 328 obese patients in Venezuela. The results showed that obesity doesn’t predict life satisfaction. This was predicted by teasing perception and body image dissatisfaction. Attitude towards physical appearance has an indirect effect on life satisfaction in obese patient, behaving like mediator variables. The results suggest what makes obese people dissatisfied is an interiorized aesthetic ideal which is unreachable. This is expressed by emotional susceptibility to teasing and dissatisfaction with body image.
Optimality of binary power-control in a single cell via majorization

This paper considers the optimum single cell power-control maximizing the aggregate (uplink) communication rate of the cell when there are peak power constraints at mobile users, and a low-complexity data decoder (without successive decoding) at the base station. It is shown, via the theory of majorization, that the optimum power allocation is binary, which means links are either “on” or “off”. By exploiting further structure of the optimum binary power allocation, a simple polynomial-time algorithm for finding the optimum transmission power allocation is proposed. Sufficient conditions under which channel-state aware time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) maximizes the aggregate communication rate are established. Finally, a simulation study is performed and it is observed that two dominant modes of communication arise, wideband or TDMA. The heuristic algorithm that chooses the best of these two modes is observed to be extremely close to optimal.
Intelligent Tutoring Agent for Settlers of Catan

An Intelligent Tutoring Agent (ITA) for the board game Settlers of Catan (SoC) is introduced. It uses CLIPS knowledge bases, connected by JCLIPS to a JAVA implementation of SoC. It is founded on a new theoretical framework that describes the development of negotiation skills in children. Using this framework, the ITA helps children in developing negotiation skills through play, which makes it unique in its kind.
Changes in Patient Measures as Predictors of Therapists’ Ratings of Treatment Collaboration and Change in Eating Disorder Subgroups

This study examined how implicit and explicit changes following integrative inpatient treatment of adolescents with eating disorder (ED) may predict the posttreatment ratings of psychodynamic therapists of their patients’ openness to therapeutic processes and their change (Therapist Evaluation Inventory). The relative contribution of inpatients’ ego functions was compared with that of their mental distress and ED symptoms in two subgroups: restricting type anorexia (AN-R) and binging/purging type EDs (B/P). Data indicated that the implicit personality variable of elevated ability to modulate affects was the best predictor of therapist-rated global outcome among patients with B/P symptoms, whereas in patients with AN-R, evolving openness to implicit negative affects and a reduction in reported distress were best predictors. In patients with AN-R, attenuated affect control was also significantly correlated with therapist posttreatment ratings. These data point that in addition to addressing behavioral/symptomatic aspects, personality variables should be addressed in the psychological treatment of EDs.
Performance in Post-compulsory Education: Evidence from Vocational and Academic Tracks

This paper investigates the factors in_uencing grade performance in two different high school tracks (academic and vocational), including the effect of the amount of work achieved while studying. The empirical strategy analyzes grade progression through the outcomes, passing, repeating and dropping out, conditioning on previous outcomes, and dealing with the endogeneity introduced by the working variable. The analysis is based on a unique Spanish data with information on schooling and labor histories. Findings show that working reduces performance in both tracks, mainly during the first year, although the ffects are less detri- mental in the vocational path. Additionally, good performance in compulsory education, at- tending a private high school, or having high-educated parents improve outcomes, particularly in academic high school.
Anticipated Outcomes from Introduction of 5-HTTLPR Genotyping for Depressed Patients: An Expert Delphi Analysis

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate experts’ opinions regarding the extent to which the introduction of pretesting for polymorphism of serotonin transporter promoter region (5-HTTLPR) as a routine intervention in clinical practice would lead to better clinical outcomes for depression patients. Methods: Using an internet survey system, authors of clinical studies addressing the topic of association of 5-HTTLPR genotyping with antidepressant response were contacted to participate in a Delphi study. Results: Responses from 12 experts were used for the final analysis. According to the participants, the introduction of 5-HTTLPR genotyping will lead to 33.8, 48.2, 57.8, and 65.1% of patients reaching remission at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months, respectively. Conclusions: According to experts, application of 5-HTTLPR pretreatment genotyping might influence remission; however, the estimated remission rates with genotyping at first sight do not appear to be superior to existing practice, i.e. without genotyping. It is anticipated that a combination of 5-HTTLPR testing with other genomic variables, which have yet to be determined, and compliance measurements can improve clinical outcomes in the future. At present, the introduction of 5-HTTLPR genotyping is expected to be used only in special situations.
Automated quality control for mobile data collection

Systematic interviewer error is a potential issue in any health survey, and it can be especially pernicious in low- and middle-income countries, where survey teams may face problems of limited supervision, chaotic environments, language barriers, and low literacy. Survey teams in such environments could benefit from software that leverages mobile data collection tools to provide solutions for automated data quality control. As a first step in the creation of such software, we investigate and test several algorithms that find anomalous patterns in data. We validate the algorithms using one labeled data set and two unlabeled data sets from two community outreach programs in East Africa. In the labeled set, some of the data is known to be fabricated and some is believed to be relatively accurate. The unlabeled sets are from actual field operations. We demonstrate the feasibility of tools for automated data quality control by showing that the algorithms detect the fake data in the labeled set with a high sensitivity and specificity, and that they detect compelling anomalies in the unlabeled sets.