Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of expectations in patients' hospital assessments: a Turkish university hospital example.

PURPOSE This paper aims to conduct a preliminary assessment of patient attitudes regarding important aspects of service dimensions using SERVQUAL. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The SERVQUAL scale is routinely used at the Baskent University Hospitals Network, Turkey. The study consisted of 550 randomly chosen patients who presented to any member of the hospital network during January and February 2006 and received treatment as inpatients or outpatients at those healthcare facilities. FINDINGS The patients' perceived scores were higher than expected for an ordinary hospital but lower than expected for a high-quality hospital. Young patients had a high-expected service score gap and a low adequate service score difference. Highly educated patients had a high-expected service score difference. Uninsured patients had a low adequate service score difference. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Baskent University multidisciplinary healthcare teams have performed periodic patient satisfaction surveys in order to identify strengths and problem areas, formulate the quality improvement objectives and monitor progress towards achieving these objectives. However, patient satisfaction survey results are often highly positive. In these cases, improving care is not easy because measures are not sensitive enough to changes. Therefore a more sensitive measurement tool based on the SERVQUAL scale was developed. The authors believe that patient opinions are extremely important because they provide information that is not necessarily emphasized by managers or health care professionals, resulting in a more complete assessment of past performance and a clearer road map for future action.
When Tribal Sovereignty Challenges Democracy: American Indian Education and the Democratic Ideal

The lessons of American Indian education—a grand experiment in standardization—can lead to a more equitable educational system for all U.S. citizens. While masquerading as a tool for equal opportunity, standardization has marginalized Native peoples. We argue for diversity—not standardization—as a foundational value for a just multicultural democracy, but diversity is feared by some as a threat to the nation’s integrity. Critical historical analysis of the apparently contradictory policies and practices within American Indian education reveals a patterned response to cultural and linguistic diversity, as the federal government has attempted to distinguish “safe” from “dangerous” Native practices. Examples of the contest between Indigenous self-determination (rooted in internal sovereignty) and federal control illustrate the profound national ambivalence toward diversity but also the potential to nourish “places of difference” within a healthy democracy.
Application of neuro-fuzzy controller on voltage and frequency stability in islanded microgrids

This paper presents a new droop control strategy based on neuro-fuzzy technique to minimize voltage and frequency deviations in islanded microgrids (MGs) under severe changes in load. In islanded MGs, due to lack of the backup power, the imbalance between consumption and generation usually leads to violent voltage/frequency fluctuations. Therefore, designing a reliable control structure to prevent the MG instability is needed. The proposed control strategy is designed to maintain the system stability and minimize the voltage/frequency fluctuations regardless of the MG structure. The most important advantage of the proposed controller is independency from the MG structure and operating conditions. The simulation results show the appropriate operation and efficacy of the proposed controller in the presence of severe changes in load.
Reusability of FEA software: A program family approach

This paper proposes a methodology to improve the reusability of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software using a program family approach. The usability and the maintainability are significant problems for a developer trying to properly reuse FEA software. Usability is promoted via systematically defined goals, assumptions, theoretical and computational models, definitions, common requirements and variabilities. Maintainability is improved through a component generator and traceability matrices between different portions of the documentation. We present preliminary work on a simple FEA program family for solving beam analysis problems to illustrate how the program family approach can be applied to FEA software.
Antigenic mimicry of a human cellular polypeptide by Mycoplasma hyorhinis

A 46-kilodalton (kDa) polypeptide was immunoprecipitated from radiolabeled extracts of human cell lines infected with Mycoplasma hyorhinis by murine monoclonal antibodies PF/2A and ML77. Both of these antibodies also reacted in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with M. hyorhinis cells and with human and nonhuman cell lines infected with M. hyorhinis but failed to react with A7573 cells infected with any of 10 other species of the order Mycoplasmatales. PF/2A also reacted in the ELISA with certain human cell lines that were demonstrated to be free of mycoplasma infection. From extracts of these lines, a polypeptide antigen that appeared as a 24-kDa doublet on polyacrylamide gels was immunoprecipitated by PF/2A. When the PF/2A-reactive human cell lines were infected by M. hyorhinis, both the 46- and 24-kDa antigens were immunoprecipitated by PF/2A. ML77 did not react in the ELISA with any noninfected human cells tested and failed to immunoprecipitate a 24-kDa component from any human cells. In Western blotting analyses of extracts of M. hyorhinis cells, both PF/2A and ML77 stained a 46-kDa band. PF/2A also stained 24-kDa bands in Western blotting analyses of reactive human cells and M. hyorhinis cells, although a 24-kDa component was not precipitated from extracts of M. hyorhinis cells by PF/2A.
Shared Resource Sensitivity in Task-Based Runtime Systems

Task-based programming methodologies have become a popular alternative to explicit threading because they leave most of the complexity of scheduling and load balancing to the runtime system. Modern task schedulers use task execution information to build models which they can then use to predict future task performance and produce better schedules. However, while shared resource sensitivity, such as the use of shared cache, is widely known to hurt performance, current schedulers do not address this in their scheduling.This work applies low-overhead techniques for measuring resource sensitivity to task-based runtime systems to profile individual task behavior.We present results for several benchmarks, both in an isolated environment (all resources available) and in normal contention scenarios, and establish a direct quantitative cor-relation between individual tasks and the entire application sensitivity.We present insight into areas where these profiling techniques could enable significant gains in performance due to better scheduling, and conclude what scenarios are necessary for such improvements.
Neurofilament protein: A selective marker for the architectonic parcellation of the visual cortex in adult cat brain

In this immunocytochemical study, we examined the expression profile of neurofilament protein in the cat visual system. We have used SMI‐32, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes a nonphosphorylated epitope on the medium‐ and high‐molecular‐weight subunits of neurofilament proteins. This antibody labels primarily the cell body and dendrites of pyramidal neurons in cortical layers III, V, and VI. Neurofilament protein‐immunoreactive neurons were prominent in 20 visual cortical areas (areas 17, 18, 19, 20a, 20b, 21a, 21b, and 7; posteromedial lateral, posterolateral lateral, anteromedial lateral, anterolateral lateral, dorsal lateral, ventral lateral, and posterior suprasylvian areas; anterior ectosylvian, the splenial, the cingulate, and insular visual areas; and the anterolateral gyrus area). In addition, we have also found strong immunopositive cells in the A laminae of the dorsal part of the lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and in the medial interlaminar nucleus, but no immunoreactive cells were present in the parvocellular C (1–3) laminae of the dLGN, in the ventral part of the LGN and in the perigeniculate nucleus. This SMI‐32 antibody against neurofilament protein revealed a characteristic pattern of immunostaining in each visual area. The size, shape, intensity, and density of neurofilament protein‐immunoreactive neurons and their dendritic arborization differed substantially across all visual areas. Moreover, it was also obvious that several visual areas showed differences in laminar distribution and that such profiles may be used to delineate various cortical areas. Therefore, the expression of neurofilament protein can be used as a specific marker to define areal patterns and topographic boundaries in the cat visual system. J. Comp. Neurol. 441:345–368, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Layout Consistent Random Field for Recognizing and Segmenting Partially Occluded Objects

This paper addresses the problem of detecting and segmenting partially occluded objects of a known category. We first define a part labelling which densely covers the object. Our Layout Consistent Random Field (LayoutCRF) model then imposes asymmetric local spatial constraints on these labels to ensure the consistent layout of parts whilst allowing for object deformation. Arbitrary occlusions of the object are handled by avoiding the assumption that the whole object is visible. The resulting system is both efficient to train and to apply to novel images, due to a novel annealed layout-consistent expansion move algorithm paired with a randomised decision tree classifier. We apply our technique to images of cars and faces and demonstrate state-of-the-art detection and segmentation performance even in the presence of partial occlusion.
Speaker localization in reverberant rooms based on direct path dominance test statistics

Speaker localization using microphone arrays is typically based on the expected phase and amplitude differences between microphones as a function of the wave arrival direction. However, in rooms with significant reverberation, the direct sound is contaminated by reflections and localization often fails. Recently, a reverberation-robust localization method was proposed, which uses only the direct-path bins in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) of the speech signals. The method is based on thresholding according to the ratio between the first two singular values of the spatial spectrum matrix. In this work, a confidence measure is developed based on this ratio, which is then used for speaker localization in a statistical estimation framework, based on a Gaussian mixture model. The paper presents the theory of the proposed method and simulation examples validating the advantages of the new approach.
Common Bond and Common Identity Groups on the Internet: Attachment and Normative Behavior in On-Topic and Off-Topic Chats

Friedrich-Schiller-University JenaThe present research is based on D. A. Prentice, D. T. Miller, and J. R. Lightdale’s(1994) distinction between common bond groups (formed by attachment betweengroup members) and common identity groups (formed by attachment to the group as awhole). Study 1 showed the existence of both types of groups on the Internet: On-topicchats can be classiﬁed as common identity groups, and off-topic chats as common bondgroups. In Study 2 the adherence to group norms as a behavioral consequence of themembership in both types of groups was analyzed. Members of common identitygroups adhered more to the group norms of paralinguistic symbols than did membersof common bond groups. The implications for the development and persistence ofgroups on the Internet are discussed.
The Farce of Homeland Independence: Kwa-Ndebele, the Untold Story

This article analyzes the events leading to the aborted attempt to enforce “independence” on Kwa-Ndebele, a small area not far from Pretoria. These events are related to the youth-led revolt shaking South Africa after 1976, also emphasizing aspects relating to similar issues involved in independence in other homelands. By doing this, this study not only contributes to establishing the high priority that should be given to development of former homeland areas, but also provides guidelines regarding how such development should take place.
Do bilinguals have different concepts? The case of shape and material in Japanese L2 users of English

An experiment investigated whether Japanese speakers' categorization of objects and substances by shape or material is influenced by acquiring English. Based on Imai and Gentner (1997), subjects were presented with an item such as a cork pyramid and asked to choose between two other items that matched it for shape (plastic pyramid) or for material (piece of cork). The hypotheses were that for simple objects the number of shape-based categorizations would increase according to experience of English and that the preference for shape- and material-based categorizations of Japanese speakers of English would differ from monolingual speakers of both languages. Subjects were 18 adult Japanese users of English who had lived in English-speaking countries between six months and three years (short-stay group), and 18 who had lived in English-speaking countries for three years or more (long-stay group). Both groups achieved above criterion on an English vocabulary test. Results were: both groups preferred material responses for simple objects and substances but not for complex objects, in line with Japanese monolinguals, but the long-stay group showed more shape preference than the short-stay group and also were less different from American monolinguals. These effects of acquiring a second language on categorization have implications for conceptual representation and methodology.
The Sociolinguistics of Navajo Literacy

This article describes uses for English and Navajo literacy in one small community on the Navajo reservation. The research works from a prevailing view developed by Spolsky and Irvine (1982), which posits the existence of a "special diglossia. " The notion is that Navajos speak Navajo but read and write English, with church- and school-related exceptions. At churches and schools, functions for the written vernacular have developed but remain stigmatized and limited, the thinking goes, due to the alien nature of Christian and academic institutions in traditional Navajo society. Based on two years of ethnographic study (McLaughlin 1989), this article develops a critique of the special diglossia idea. In the sections that follow, I will summarize uses for Navajo print. I will show how individuals in one community use Navajo literacy for a variety of purposes unconnected to church and school domains, and I will point out how these same individuals express opinions that Navajo print is useful for maintaining traditional culture and for promoting self-understanding. I will identify processes that have underpinned the spread of written Navajo, and I will make connections between its use and individuals' empowerment. What accounts for these uses and beliefs are processes of indigenization at a mission church and community-controlled school. Over a period of three decades, the two institutions first structured uses and values for Navajo literacy, prefiguring private, indigenous functions that have allowed for the development of a limited range of public uses, all of which have mapped onto institutional procedures of local
A Deduplication Study for Host-side Caches with Dynamic Workloads in Virtualized Data Center Environments

Deduplication is a well-known method that improves storage efficiency and reduces the cost of storage in corporate data centers [3, 4]. For virtualized data centers, and in particular for virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), centrally-managed networked storage can greatly reduce the overall data footprint because virtual machine (VM) disk images have largely the same content. Recent work by Byan et al. [1] suggested employing flash memory-based host-side caches inside VM hypervisors to shed load from the shared storage infrastructure. They demonstrated that such caches can be effective for read-mostly workloads with stable working sets. However, it is not known if they can be as effective in a dynamic environment, when virtual machines migrate frequently from one physical server (hypervisor) to another or when their working sets change. First, since these caches are large (many 100s of GBs), re-warming them with the active content to reach a steady state cache hit rate after a VM migrates to another hypervisor can take as much as 12 hours [1]. Second, as each VM disk image is a separate entity, the caches might contain many copies of the same content even though the network-attached shared storage system would store only a single instance, unnecessarily polluting the host-side hypervisor caches and reducing their overall cache hit rate. The goal of our study is to explore the effectiveness of deduplication for large host-side caches in virtualized data center environments running dynamic VDI workloads. To that end, we analyze traces captured from VDI deployments as well as general enterprise workloads [2]. Understanding the intrinsic properties of data duplication can help us design effective host-side cache policies. Previous deduplication systems and studies focused on data mostly at rest such as backups [4] and archives or on reducing network traffic across a WAN link. Our study on eight traces in duration from two minutes to almost 100 days shows that deduplication can reduce the data footprint inside host-side caches by as much as 67%. This allows for caching a larger portion of the data set and improves the effective cache hit rate. More importantly, such increased caching efficiency can alleviate load from networked storage systems during I/O intensive workloads when most VM instances perform the same operation such as virus scans, OS patch installs (a.k.a. update storms), and reboots (a.k.a. boot storms).
On the Impossibility of Convex Inference in Human Computation

Human computation or crowdsourcing involves joint inference of the ground-truth-answers and the worker-abilities by optimizing an objective function, for instance, by maximizing the data likelihood based on an assumed underlying model. A variety of methods have been proposed in the literature to address this inference problem. As far as we know, none of the objective functions in existing methods is convex. In machine learning and applied statistics, a convex function such as the objective function of support vector machines (SVMs) is generally preferred, since it can leverage the high-performance algorithms and rigorous guarantees established in the extensive literature on convex optimization. One may thus wonder if there exists a meaningful convex objective function for the inference problem in human computation. In this paper, we investigate this convexity issue for human computation. We take an axiomatic approach by formulating a set of axioms that impose two mild and natural assumptions on the objective function for the inference. Under these axioms, we show that it is unfortunately impossible to ensure convexity of the inference problem. On the other hand, we show that interestingly, in the absence of a requirement to model "spammers", one can construct reasonable objective functions for crowdsourcing that guarantee convex inference.
Deinking difficulties related to ink formulation , printing process , and type of paper

This paper investigates the deinking ability of several types of paper printed with different processes and inks. Conventional alkaline deinking can produce good results, but too often the result is poor deinkability, producing pulps with low brightness, high speck contamination, or residual color. This paper focuses on deinking problems caused by vegetable-oil-based newsprint offset inks, offset heat-set inks, and red rotogravure inks. Deinking difficulties are clearly identified and solutions are proposed. Cooperative research efforts with ink manufacturers have led to the reformulation of new vegetable-oil-based inks that deink as well as mineral-oil-based inks. Additional work explains why red rotogravure ink gives a red shade to the deinked pulp, although the problem has not yet been solved. The effects of printing and paper characteristics on the deinking of offset heat-set printed papers were also studied. For all these trials, deinking ability is expressed in terms of pulp brightness, effective residual ink concentration (ERIC), attached and detached ink, and speck contamination. Color coordinates were used to characterize the effects of residual dye. INTRODUCTION The deinking plant must deal with a wide variety of paper types, ink types, and printing techniques. Some papers are easy to deink, while others create problems. From this mixture of recovered papers, the deinking plant is expected to produce a pulp of consistently high quality. Unfortunately, this ambitious goal is sometimes difficult to reach. Most problems can be traced to one or more of the following sources: Insufficient ink detachment Resistant ink particles that form specks Extensive ink fragmentation Release of a soluble color from dyes Poor hydrophobic character of the ink Each of these problems, in turn, can usually be linked with specific inks and printing techniques. This paper evaluates deinkability in terms of ink type, printing technique, and the type of paper surface. Experimental results focus on specific problems involving deinkability of vegetable-oil-based offset ink for newsprint, red rotogravure ink, and offset heat-set paper. DEINKABILITY VS . PRINTING PROCESS, INK TYPE , AND PAPER
3D Model Acquisition from Uncalibrated Images

In this paper we address the problem of recovering 3D models from uncalibrated images of architectural scenes. We propose a simple, geometrically intuitive method which exploits strong rigidity constraints such as parallelism and orthogonality present in indoor and outdoor architectural scences. We show how these simple constraints can be used to calibrate the cameras and to recover the 3 x 4 projection matrices for each viewIn this paper we propose a much simpler approach to construct a 3D model and generate new viewpoint images by exploiting strong constraints present in the scenes to be modelled. In the context of architectural environments, the constraints which can be used are parallelism and orthogonality. These constraints lead to very simple and geometrically intuitive methods to calibrate the cameras and to recover Euclidean models of the scene from only two images from arbitrary positions. point. The projection matrices are used to recover partial 3D models of the scene and these 2 Outline of the algorithm can be used to visualise new viewpoints. A 3D model can be recovered from two or more Our approach does not need any a priori in- uncalibrated images. Our algorithm consists of formation about the cameras being used. A the four following stages (see figure working system has been designed and implemented to allow the user to interactively build 1. We first define a set of primitives - segments a 3D model from a pair of uncalibrated images and cuboids - for which parallelism and orfrom arbitrary viewpoints. thogonality constraints are derived. These primitives are precisely localised in the image using the image gradient information.