Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Fast Failover Routing With Low Stretch

Network failures are frequent and disruptive, and can significantly reduce the throughput even in highly connected and regular networks such as datacenters. While many modern networks support some kind of local fast failover to quickly reroute flows encountering link failures to new paths, employing such mechanisms is known to be non-trivial, as conditional failover rules can only depend on local failure information. While over the last years, important insights have been gained on how to design failover schemes providing high resiliency, existing approaches have the shortcoming that the resulting failover routes may be unnecessarily long, i.e., they have a large stretch compared to the original route length. This is a serious drawback, as long routes entail higher latencies and introduce loads, which may cause the rerouted flows to interfere with existing flows and harm throughput. This paper presents the first deterministic local fast failover algorithms providing provable resiliency and failover route lengths, even in the presence of many concurrent failures. We present stretch-optimal failover algorithms for different network topologies, including multi-dimensional grids, hypercubes and Clos networks, as they are frequently deployed in the context of HPC clusters and datacenters. We show that the computed failover routes are optimal in the sense that no failover algorithm can provide shorter paths for a given number of link failures.
Floating Autonomous Manipulation of the Underwater Biomimetic Vehicle-Manipulator System: Methodology and Verification

This paper addresses the achievement of floating autonomous manipulation of the underwater biomimetic vehicle-manipulator system (UBVMS). A practical vehicle-manipulator coordinated plan and control methodology of the UBVMS for autonomous interventions are designed. First, the system configuration is introduced, and the optimal work space is confirmed. Then, the control framework of the UBVMS mainly consisting of online motion planning, multitask kinematic control, dynamic feedforward compensation, and adaptive parameter undulatory control for autonomous manipulation is presented. The online motion planning method with resort to tracking differentiator is developed to produce desired task trajectory and reference rate. The singularity-robust multitask kinematic control algorithm with state observers is designed to obtain system reference velocity. The couple influence on the vehicle induced by the presence of the manipulator is described as the dynamic feedforward compensation signal to reduce undesired waggle of the UBVMS. Adaptive parameter modifier of the biomimetic propulsor is designed to satisfy multifarious performance requirements in different motion phases. Finally, pool experiments in multiple scenarios for autonomous grasping manipulation are conducted to verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the developed coordinated plan and control strategy.
Activity Behaviors and Physiological Characteristics of Women With Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer: A Preliminary Cross-sectional Investigation

Objectives Ovarian cancer (OC) survivors experience many disease and treatment adverse effects. However, the impact of OC and its treatment on objective activity behaviors and physiological status have not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare objectively measured activity behaviors and physiological characteristics of advanced-stage OC survivors to age-matched controls. Methods Twenty stage III–IV OC survivors and 20 controls completed assessments of activity behaviors (7-day accelerometry), physical function (400-meter walk as indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness, repeated chair rise, 6-meter walking tests), muscle strength (1-repetition maximum and handgrip), body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and musculoskeletal morphology (peripheral quantitative computed tomography). Results Compared with controls, OC survivors spent more time/day in prolonged sedentary bouts (P = 0.039, r = 0.32), had lower cardiorespiratory fitness (P = 0.041, r = 0.33) and upper body strength (P = 0.023, r = 0.37), had higher areal bone mineral content (P = 0.047, r = 0.33) and volumetric trabecular density (P = 0.048, r = 0.31), but were not different in other measures of body composition nor in muscle morphology (P > 0.050). Only 20% (n = 4) of OC survivors accrued 150 minutes/week or greater moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time in 10-minute bouts or greater. Moderate and vigorous physical activity time/day in 10-minute bouts or greater was strongly associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (P = 0.001, ρ = −0.702) and lower extremity function (P = 0.019, ρ = −0.519) and moderately associated with muscle cross-sectional area (P = 0.035, ρ = 0.473). Conclusions Posttreatment OC survivors spent more time in prolonged sedentary bouts and had lower cardiorespiratory fitness and upper body strength compared with controls. Moderate and vigorous physical activity was associated with physical function and muscle cross-sectional area. Future studies should test the efficacy of exercise interventions to increase MVPA, reduce sedentary behavior, and increase cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength in OC survivors.
Free Energy of Solution in Binary Silicate Melts

glasses and steelmaking slags. Silicate melts are conveniently considered to consist of various ionic species which are in acidbase equilibrium with each other. However, a further theoretical development has been hampered because of the complex nature of the silicate network. Among various theoretical works carried out on the free energy relation from an ionic point of view, the following are to be noted. Flood and Knapp(1) analyzed the experimental results of Richardson and Webb on PbOSiO2(2), assuming an equilibrium among silicate anions whose species varies in three ranges of composition. Masson(3) assumed an equilibrium of chainn ions of type with various values of n, and concluded that the concentration of each anion depends on the composition and the parameter characteristic of each basic oxide. This is a treatment based on the polymer solution theory. He succeeded in this way in interpreting the general trend of the activity of the basic oxide in the composition range rich in the basic oxide. On the other hand, Toop and Samis (4) assumed the following equilibrium:
Baseline characteristics and treatment-emergent risk factors associated with cerebrovascular event and death with risperidone in dementia patients

Background Use of antipsychotics to treat behavioural symptoms of dementia has been associated with increased risks of mortality and stroke. Little is known about individual patient characteristics that might be associated with bad or good outcomes. Aims We examined the risperidone clinical trial data to look for individual patient characteristics associated with these adverse outcomes. Method Data from all double-blind randomised controlled trials of risperidone in dementia patients (risperidone n = 1009, placebo n = 712) were included. Associations between characteristics and outcome were analysed based on crude incidences and exposure-adjusted incidence rates, and by time-to-event analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression. Interactions between treatment (risperidone or placebo) and characteristic were analysed with a Cox proportional hazards regression model with main effects for treatment and characteristic in addition to the interaction term. Results Baseline complications of depression (treatment by risk factor interaction on cerebrovascular adverse event (CVAE) hazard ratio (HR): P = 0.025) and delusions (P = 0.043) were associated with a lower relative risk of CVAE in risperidone-treated patients (HR = 1.47 and 0.54, respectively) compared to not having the complication (HR = 5.88 and 4.16). For mortality, the only significant baseline predictor in patients treated with risperidone was depression, which was associated with a lower relative risk (P<0.001). The relative risk of mortality was increased in risperidone patients treated with anti-inflammatory medications (P = 0.021). Conclusions Only anti-inflammatory medications increased mortality risk with risperidone. The reduced risks of CVAE in patients with comorbid depression and delusions, and of mortality with depression, may have clinical implications when weighing the benefits and risks of treatment with risperidone in patients with dementia.
Design and Development of a Mobile Decision Support System: Guiding Clinicians Regarding Law in the Practice of Psychiatry in Emergency Department

Decision-making in an emergency department needs to be efficient. It does not allow observation of the patient for a prolonged period of time, especially if the patients harm themselves or others, or refuses treatment. This includes suicidal, violent, intentional self-inflicted or non-consenting to treatments patient. Clinicians have to quickly decide whether to call the police, admit the patient to the psychiatric ward, according to recommended, predefined procedures. Since, for different situations different laws are applicable, clinicians need to follow certain procedures and consider specific legal issues while also handling challenging patients at the emergency department. Finding the right information quickly and following the recommended procedure is essential since the repercussions for a doctor acting incorrectly could be severe. This paper presents a mobile decision support system (DSS) prototype designed for healthcare providers to identify and follow the correct procedure based on applicable laws to mitigate the chance of incorrect actions being taken, along with the associated risks and preserve both the patients and their own rights. We explored healthcare providers requirements and alternatives for visualizing information by conducting observation, semi structured interviews and a total of four co-design workshops. The resulting mobile DSS enables clinicians to quickly access the correct information regarding their power and authority while also protecting the safety and welfare of the patient. Usability evaluation of the prototype showed that the average time spent to complete a given task was about 12 seconds by a total of six medical interns. Participants of the evaluation described the system easy to use, intuitive and highly useful for everyday use.
The Use of BEREP4 Immunohistochemistry Staining for Detection of Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of malignant cancer found in the world today with a 3–10% increase in incidence each year. The American Cancer Society reported that 8 out of 10 patients with skin cancer are suffering from BCC with over 2 million new cases each year. BCC needs to be detected at the early stages to prevent local destruction causing disabilities to patients and increasing treatment costs. Furthermore, BCC patients who have undergone surgery are still at risk for recurrence, especially when the surgery performed fails to remove all the BCC cells, even when conventional histopathological testing after surgery has reported a surgically free margin. This review aims to evaluate studies on the use of BerEP4 immunohistochemistry staining on pathological sections of various types of BCC as well as its shortfalls. BerEP4 is a monoclonal antibody which detects specific epithelial-glycoprotein-adhesion-molecules (EpCAM) found on BCC cells. Various studies have shown that BerEP4 has a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting only BCC cells. The use of BerEP4 immunohistochemistry testing for the routine examination of cases of BCC is expected to be able to increase and improve early diagnosis as well as prevent recurrence after surgery.
An Investigation of Wear-Resistant Coatings on an A390 Die-Cast Aluminum Substrate

AN INVESTIGATION OF WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS ON A390 DIE-CAST ALUMINUM SUBSTRATE David A. Mower Department of Mechanical Engineering Master of Science In this investigation, four coatings were tested for their ability to increase the wear life of A390 aluminum primary clutch sheaves used in continuously variable transmission (CVT). The coatings tested were: hard chrome, electroless nickel metal, hard coat anodizing and composite ceramic coating. The primary clutch sheave material is a diecast A390 aluminum. A wear test stand was developed to duplicate wear found on CVTs currently in use. The wear was evaluated using four methods. First, the change in shift characteristics of the CVT while running on the wear test stand, second a change in performance using an ATV and chassis dynamometer, third the amount of material lost, through wear, was measured using a profilometer, and finally a scanning electron microscope which was used to identify the dominate mechanism of wear in the sheave material. All of the tests showed the hard chrome coating to have the lowest wear rates and the best wear characteristics. The electroless nickel metal coating did improve the wear life of the CVT but had very high variation. The hard coat anodized and ceramic composite coatings were eliminated early in testing because of poor performance.
Radiation therapy in retroperitoneal sarcoma management

Surgery is potentially curative for primary non‐metastatic retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RPS), although patients remain at risk for local recurrence. To reduce this risk, the addition of radiotherapy to radical surgery may be considered. Nevertheless, level I evidence to support radiotherapy is currently lacking. The results from the EORTC‐STBSG 62092‐22092 studying this question are awaited. This manuscript addresses issues to consider when radiation‐oncologists engage in a multidisciplinary treatment approach for RPS patients, including radiotherapy.
Formal Analysis of a VANET Congestion Control Protocol through Probabilistic Verification

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which are a class of Mobile ad hoc networks, have recently been developed as a standard means of communication among moving vehicles. Since VANETs are vital to the safety of the vehicles, the infrastructure, and the humans involved, a deep analysis of their potential behaviours is clearly required. In this paper we provide this analysis through the use of formal verification. Specifically, we formally analyse a specific congestion control protocol for VANETs using a probabilistic model checking technique, and investigate its correctness and effectiveness.
Consistency for Web Services Applications

A key challenge facing the designers of service-oriented applications is ensuring that the autonomous services that make up these distributed applications always finish in consistent states despite application-level failures and other exceptional events. This paper addresses this problem by first describing the relationship between internal service states, messages and application protocols and then shows how this relationship transforms the problem of ensuring consistent outcomes into a correctness problem that can be addressed with established protocol verification tools.
Optoelectronic Manipulation, Assembly, and Patterning of Nanoparticles

The synthesis of nanostructures has advanced in the last decade to a point where a vast range of insulating, semiconducting, and metallic materials are available in a variety of forms and shapes such as wires, tubes, ribbons, sheets, and spheres. These nanostructures display exceptional physical properties that can be used to realize novel devices such as high-speed electronics, efficient photovoltaics and thermoelectrics, sensitive chemical and biological sensors, nano-light sources such as lasers and light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency resonators. However, a persistent challenge has been the development of a general strategy for manipulation and heterogeneous integration of individual nanostructures with arbitrary shapes and compositions. Development of such methods is essential in transforming nano-sciences into successful nano-technologies that can ultimately affect the society. Several techniques such as microcontact printing, microfluidics, Langmuir-Blodgett, mechanical nano-manipulators, optical tweezers, and fixed-electrode dielectrophoresis have been developed to address this challenge. However, these techniques either lack the capability to manipulate single nanostructures or are unable to do so in a dynamic and large-scale fashion.Optoelectronic tweezers (OET) has emerged as a powerful tool for massively parallel manipulation of polymer-beads and living cells at micron length-scales via optically-induced dielectrophoresis. By combining the optical and electrical trapping capabilities, OET is able to manipulate particles with much lower optical intensities than optical tweezers and unlike fixed electrode dielectrophoresis, OET is capable of dynamic manipulation of single particles over large areas.In this dissertation, we will first introduce OET as an optofluidic platform and characterize the various electrokinetic forces that can be generated in the OET device. Next, we will use these forces for manipulation, sorting, assembly, and patterning of various nanostructures such as semiconducting and metallic nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and metallic spherical nanocrystals. Though the initial demonstrations of OET were limited to manipulation of microscale objects, here, we will explore the capabilities of OET for manipulation of nanoscale particles, establishing it as an important tool for post-synthesis organization and heterogeneous integration of nanostructures.
High-field current transport and charge trapping in buried oxide of SOI materials under high-field electron injection

Mechanisms of the generated positive charge and the charge trapping during the high-field electron injection at constant voltage regime in buried oxide (BOX) of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures fabricated by UNIBOND and single implanted separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) technologies are studied by capacitance–voltage characteristics. It is found, that considerable positive charge is accumulated near the buried oxide/substrate interface independently from direction of the injection (from film or from silicon substrate) for both kinds of structures. Comparison of the theory and experimental data allows to suggest that in the case of the UNIBOND buried oxide a positive charge is generated by two mechanisms—anode hole injection and band-to-band impact ionization. In the case of the SIMOX SOI material at the high-field electron injection in the buried oxide the anode hole injection with defect creation at precursor sites in the strained structure of oxide network is supposed to appear. It is shown, that the positive charge in the UNIBOND BOX can be completely annealed at a temperature of 400 °C while in the SIMOX BOX it is much more stable and the annealing temperature increases with the electron injection electric field rising.
Mass Discovery of Android Traffic Imprints through Instantiated Partial Execution

Monitoring network behaviors of mobile applications, controlling their resource access and detecting potentially harmful apps are becoming increasingly important for the security protection within today's organizational, ISP and carriers. For this purpose, apps need to be identified from their communication, based upon their individual traffic signatures (called imprints in our research). Creating imprints for a large number of apps is nontrivial, due to the challenges in comprehensively analyzing their network activities at a large scale, for millions of apps on today's rapidly-growing app marketplaces. Prior research relies on automatic exploration of an app's user interfaces (UIs) to trigger its network activities, which is less likely to scale given the cost of the operation (at least 5 minutes per app) and its effectiveness (limited coverage of an app's behaviors). In this paper, we present Tiger (Traffic Imprint Generator), a novel technique that makes comprehensive app imprint generation possible in a massive scale. At the center of Tiger is a unique instantiated slicing technique, which aggressively prunes the program slice extracted from the app's network-related code by evaluating each variable's impact on possible network invariants, and removing those unlikely to contribute through assigning them concrete values. In this way, Tiger avoids exploring a large number of program paths unrelated to the app's identifiable traffic, thereby reducing the cost of the code analysis by more than one order of magnitude, in comparison with the conventional slicing and execution approach. Our experiments show that Tiger is capable of recovering an app's full network activities within 18 seconds, achieving over 98% coverage of its identifiable packets and 0.742% false detection rate on app identification. Further running the technique on over 200,000 real-world Android apps (including 78.23% potentially harmful apps) leads to the discovery of surprising new types of traffic invariants, including fake device information, hardcoded time values, session IDs and credentials, as well as complicated trigger conditions for an app's network activities, such as human involvement, Intent trigger and server-side instructions. Our findings demonstrate that many network activities cannot easily be invoked through automatic UI exploration and code-analysis based approaches present a promising alternative.
Observer-Based Output-Feedback Asynchronous Control for Switched Fuzzy Systems

This paper investigates an output-feedback control design problem for a class of switched continuous-time Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems. The considered fuzzy systems consist of several switching modes and each switching mode is described by T–S fuzzy models. In addition, there exists the asynchronous switching between the system switching modes and the controller switching modes. By using parallel distributed compensation design method, the output-feedback control schemes are developed based on state observers for the measurable and immeasurable premise variables cases. The sufficient conditions of ensuring the switched control system stabilization are proposed based on the theory of Lyapunov stability and average-dwell time methods. The controller and observer gains are obtained via two-step method. An illustrated numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control approaches.
Learning multiple granger graphical models via group fused lasso

Granger graphical models explain Granger causality between variables in time series through an estimation of zero pattern of coefficients in multivariate autoregressive (AR) models. In this paper, we consider a problem of estimating multiple Granger graphical models simultaneously that share similar topology structures from a set of time series data belonging to distinct classes. This is achieved by estimating a group of AR models and employing group fused lasso penalties to promote sparsity in AR coefficients of each model and sparsity in the difference between AR coefficients from two adjacent models. The resulting problem is in a class of group fused lasso formulation which fits nicely in a convex framework and then can be solved by a fast alternating directions method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. Advantages of the proposed method and the performance of the algorithm are illustrated through randomly generated data in a high-dimensional setting.