Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Three-Dimensional Stress Distribution of Reactor Core

Gapped iron-core reactors can obtain larger inductance, but they make larger vibration and noise than other kinds of reactors. On vibration dampers, many researchers kept their eyes on vibration isolation structures or vibration isolation materials. However, they did not compute reactor core vibration under fundamental frequency voltage or harmonic one. Because stress is the inherent reason of vibration and noise, this paper proposes a finite-element model for reactor core stress calculation based on the Maxwell stress theory. The model can handle reactor exciting currents, not only fundamental frequency but also superposition of fundamental frequency with different harmonics. Because core materials have different magnetic characteristics under different excitation conditions, this paper tested multigroup H-B curves to support the simulation. Then, the finite-element method is used to calculate the magnetic field and Maxwell stress distribution. Finally, the frequency spectrum of the stress is analyzed to provide a theory basis for further analysis of vibration and noise reduction in gapped iron-core reactors.
Development of the Gateway Recycling Cloning System for Multiple Linking of Expression Cassettes in a Defined Order, and Direction on Gateway Compatible Binary Vectors

We developed the Gateway recycling cloning system, which allows multiple linking of expression cassettes by multiple rounds of the Gateway LR reaction. Employing this system, the recycling donor vector pRED419 was subjected to the first LR reaction with an attR1-attR2 type destination vector. Then conversion vector pCON was subjected to an LR reaction to restore the attR1-attR2 site on the destination vector for the next cloning cycle. By repetition of these two simple steps, we linked four expression cassettes of a reporter gene in Gateway binary vector pGWB1, introduced the constructs into tobacco BY-2 cells, and observed the expression of transgenes.
Environmental Temperature Controls Cryptosporidium Oocyst Metabolic Rate and Associated Retention of Infectivity

ABSTRACT Cryptosporidium is a significant cause of water-borne enteric disease throughout the world and represents a challenge to the water industry and a threat to public health. In this study we report the use of a cell culture-TaqMan PCR assay to measure oocyst inactivation rates in reagent-grade and environmental waters over a range of temperatures. While oocysts incubated at 4°C and 15°C remained infective over the 12-week holding period, we observed a 4 log10 reduction in infectivity for both 20 and 25°C incubation treatments at 12 and 8 weeks, respectively, for all water types examined, a faster rate of inactivation for oocysts than previously reported. This temperature-dependent inactivation was further investigated using a simple and rapid ATP assay described herein. Time course experiments performed in reagent-grade water at incubation temperatures of 4, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 37°C identified a close relationship between oocyst infectivity and oocyst ATP content, demonstrating that temperature inactivation at higher temperatures is a function of increased oocyst metabolic activity. While water quality did not affect oocyst inactivation, biological antagonism appears to be a key factor affecting oocyst removal from environmental waters. Both the cell culture-TaqMan PCR assay and the ATP assay provide a sensitive and quantitative method for the determination of environmental oocyst inactivation, providing an alternative to the more costly and time-consuming mouse infection assay. The findings presented here relating temperature to oocyst inactivation provide valuable information for determining the relative risks associated with Cryptosporidium oocysts in water.
The prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) Line: derivation of local INR with commercial thromboplastins and coagulometers – two independent studies

Summary. Background: The WHO scheme for prothrombin time (PT) standardization has been limited in application, because of its difficulties in implementation, particularly the need for mandatory manual PT testing and for local provision of thromboplastin international reference preparations (IRP). Methods: The value of a new simpler procedure to derive international normalized ratio (INR), the PT/INR Line, based on only five European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) calibrant plasmas certified by experienced centres has been assessed in two independent exercises using a range of commercial thromboplastins and coagulometers. INRs were compared with manual certified values with thromboplastin IRP from expert centres and in the second study also with INRs from local ISI calibrations. Results: In the first study with the PT/INR Line, 8.7% deviation from certified INRs was reduced to 1.1% with human reagents, and from 7.0% to 2.6% with rabbit reagents. In the second study, deviation was reduced from 11.2% to 0.4% with human reagents by both local ISI calibration and the PT/INR Line. With rabbit reagents, 10.4% deviation was reduced to 1.1% with both procedures; 4.9% deviation was reduced to 0.5% with bovine/combined reagents with local ISI calibrations and to 2.9% with the PT/INR Line. Mean INR dispersion was reduced with all thromboplastins and automated systems using the PT/INR Line. Conclusions: The procedure using the PT/INR Line provides reliable INR derivation without the need for WHO ISI calibration across the range of locally used commercial thromboplastins and automated PT systems included in two independent international studies.
Ontology-based semantic relatedness for detecting the relevance of learning resources

Semantic relatedness measures have proven useful for a number of applications, such as querying personalized web resources, word sense disambiguation, or real-word spelling error correction. Most semantic relatedness measures between concepts are based on the concept hierarchy of a domain ontology. In this article, we propose a semantic relevance (SR) measure that expresses the semantic relatedness between a learning resource and the learning context of a learner. In our case, both the learning resource and the learning context are described by graphs using the learning concepts of the domain model. Our SR measure aims to detect the relevance of a learning resource for a particular learning context of a learner. In our work, the SR measure is based on the assignment of relative weights to the learning concepts describing the learning resource according to their relationships with the current concept of interest to the learner. The proposed measure achieves better results than the relatedness measures from the literature and yet is much simpler than most of them. It is shown to achieve a correlation of from 0.627 to 0.945 with expert ratings. This measure is implemented and used in a learning organizer, a system which generates adaptive hypermedia courses and reuses learning resources from distant web repositories, called Organisateur de Parcours Adaptatifs de Formation (OrPAF). In OrPAF, learning resources are annotated in order to be queried for a particular learning context, which is represented by a map of annotated learning concepts, called an adaptive conceptual map. The proposed SR measure is used in order to automatically detect the learning resource relevance.
LinkWinds: interactive scientific data analysis and visualization

Great advances in sensor and computer technologies, coupled with the ability to transport sensors to remote locations such as deep in the ocean orfar into space have resulted in an ever-increasingflood of data, which, to be useful, must be transported, stwed and analyzed in a timely manner. Observational systems, computations and computer simulations are being applied in almost allfields of human endeavor in efforts to understand ourselves and our world. The system desm.bed here gmu out of a NASA research project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Its goal is to study the application of computer graphics to the problems of rapidly and interactively exploring and analyzing uery large amounts of scientific data gathered dun’ng the execution of observations, computah’ons, or computer simulations.
Aqua(dicyanamido-κN 1)(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)(nitrato-κ2 O,O′)cobalt(II)–2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline–water (2/1/2)

In the title compound, 2[Co(C2N3)(NO3)(C14H12N2)(H2O)]·C14H12N2·2H2O, the CoII ion is coordinated by a bidentate 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmphen) ligand, a bidentate nitrate anion, a water molecule and a monodentate dicyanamide group in a distorted octahedral geometry. One uncoordinated dmphen molecule is situated on a crystallographic twofold axis and the asymmetric unit is completed by one water molecule. In the crystal, molecules form a one-dimensional framework in the [001] direction through O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is further stabilized by π–π stacking interactions between the dmphen rings of neighboring molecules, with a centroid–centroid separation of 3.5641 (8) Å and a partially overlapped arrangement of parallel dmphen rings with a distance of 3.407 (2) Å.
Randomized prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study of dextrose prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis with or without ACL laxity.

CONTEXT Use of prolotherapy (injection of growth factors or growth factor stimulators). OBJECTIVE Determine the effects of dextrose prolotherapy on knee osteoarthritis with or without anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity. DESIGN Prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. SETTING Outpatient physical medicine clinic. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Six months or more of pain along with either grade 2 or more joint narrowing or grade 2 or more osteophytic change in any knee compartment. A total of 38 knees were completely void of cartilage radiographically in at least 1 compartment. INTERVENTION Three bimonthly injections of 9 cc of either 10% dextrose and . 075% lidocaine in bacteriostatic water (active solution) versus an identical control solution absent 10% dextrose. The dextrose-treated joints then received 3 further bimonthly injections of 10% dextrose in open-label fashion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Visual analogue scale for pain and swelling, frequency of leg buckling, goniometrically measured flexion, radiographic measures of joint narrowing and osteophytosis, and KT1000-measured anterior displacement difference (ADD). RESULTS All knees: Hotelling multivariate analysis of paired observations between 0 and 6 months for pain, swelling, buckling episodes, and knee flexion range revealed significantly more benefit from the dextrose injection (P = .015). By 12 months (6 injections) the dextrose-treated knees improved in pain (44% decrease), swelling complaints (63% decrease), knee buckling frequency (85% decrease), and in flexion range (14 degree increase). Analysis of blinded radiographic readings of 0- and 12-month films revealed stability of all radiographic variables except for 2 variables which improved with statistical significance. (Lateral patellofemoral cartilage thickness [P = .019] and distal femur width in mm [P = .021]. Knees with ACL laxity: 6-month (3 injection) data revealed no significant improvement. However, Hotelling multivariate analysis of paired values at 0 and 12 months for pain, swelling, joint flexion, and joint laxity in the dextrose-treated knees, revealed a statistically significant improvement (P = .021). Individual paired t tests indicated that blinded measurement of goniometric knee flexion range improved by 12.8 degrees (P = .005), and ADD improved by 57% (P = .025). Eight out of 13 dextrose-treated knees with ACL laxity were no longer lax at the conclusion of 1 year. CONCLUSION Prolotherapy injection with 10% dextrose resulted in clinically and statistically significant improvements in knee osteoarthritis. Preliminary blinded radiographic readings (1-year films, with 3-year total follow-up period planned) demonstrated improvement in several measures of osteoarthritis severity. ACL laxity, when present in these osteoarthritic patients, improved.
Globalisation and the challenges to health systems

In this article, based on a talk given to a recent meeting on global health, Julio Frenk and Octavio Gomez-Dantes argue that, although there are many threats inherent in globalisation, improving health is a unifying activity. They suggest that “exchange, evidence, and empathy” should characterise international activities to improve health and health care for all the world's people In the aftermath of the events of 11 September Britain's prime minister, Tony Blair, reminded us of what he called “the fragility of our frontiers in the face of the world's new challenges” (Labour Party Conference, Brighton, October 2001). This shift of human affairs from the restricted frame of the nation state to the vast theatre of planet earth is not only affecting trade, finance, science, the environment, crime, and terrorism; it is also changing the nature of health challenges facing people all over the world.1 In 1997 an influential report by the US Institute of Medicine stated: “Distinctions between domestic and international health problems are losing their usefulness and are often misleading. ”2 We are all coming closer to each other. One of the great revolutions of the 20th century was, in the words of the historian Eric Hobsbawm, the virtual annihilation of time and distance.3 #### Summary points Globalisation is affecting health as well as other aspects of human activity All countries must deal with the international transfer of risks—whether this is of microbes, unregulated distribution of drugs, or tobacco marketing On the other hand, globalisation makes the sharing of information on health care easier The aspiration for good health is also a unifying factor across different parts of the world, cultures, and religions Intense international contacts are not new. From time immemorial the forces of trade, migration, war, and conquest have bound together people from distant places. The expression “citizen …
Block sparse signal recovery with a Block-Toeplitz structured measurement matrix

Recently, many applications about the recovery of block sparse signals have arisen, which can be casted as the recovery of a block sparse signal x from a measurement equation y = Φx. In this paper, we investigate block sparse signal recovery problems when Φ is assumed to be a block-concatenation of Toeplitz matrices. The algorithm of StOMP is extended to the block sparse case, and the algorithm of tBlock-StOMP is proposed. Specifically, tBlock-StOMP combines advantages of StOMP with the structural characteristics of Φ to pursue high efficiency in block sparse signal recovery. Furthermore, a modified algorithm of tBlock-StOMP, termed mtBlock-StOMP, is proposed. Compared with many other recovery algorithms, numerical simulations demonstrate that tBlock-StOMP as well as mtBlock-StOMP results in evident effectiveness in block sparse reconstruction problems.
[3H]Nemonapride and [3H]Spiperone Label Equivalent Numbers of D2 and D3 Dopamine Receptors in a Range of Tissues and Under Different Conditions

Abstract: [3H]Nemonapride and [3H]spiperone are very widely used to study dopaminergic systems in vitro and in vivo, but it has been reported that [3H]nemonapride and [3H]spiperone give markedly different Bmax values for preparations of D2 dopamine receptors from recombinant cell lines or animal tissues. We have used the two radioligands in parallel to study a range of dopamine receptors [D2(short), D2(long), and D3] in different buffers. Bmax values derived using either radioligand differ by an average of <20%, independent of receptor type or buffer conditions. All competition experiments show that the two ligands compete at a single site. It seems that [3H]spiperone and [3H]nemonapride do not differentiate between different forms or populations of D2‐like receptors.
Different Change in Lipoprotein(a) Levels From Lipid Levels of Other Lipoproteins With Improved Glycemie Control in Patients With NIDDM

OBJECTIVE To evaluate change both in lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and lipid levels in other lipoproteins in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after short-term improvement of glycemie control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared Lp(a) levels in 210 NIDDM patients with those in 46 control subjects and evaluated the relationship between glycemie control and Lp(a) levels in diabetic patients. In addition, changes in Lp(a) levels and lipid levels were assessed after the improvement of glycemie control in 54 poorly controlled NIDDM patients. RESULTS In NIDDM, Lp(a) levels in all patients, 62 patients with HbA1c <6.0%, and 75 patients with HbA1c between 6.0 and 8.0%, were significantly higher than those in control subjects (19.1 [1.7-106.6], 19.2 [6.0-106.6], and 20.3 [2.7-75.3] vs. 15.4 [2.0-61.7] mg/dl, median [range], P < 0.05). Lp(a) levels in 73 patients with HbA1c of ≥8.0% (18.7 [1.7-58.8] mg/dl) were not significantly different from those in control subjects. After glycemie control, lipid levels in plasma and in other lipoproteins fell significantly, but Lp(a) did not change (from 18.3 [1.7-58.8] to 18.4 [6.6-95.3] mg/dl). Changes in lipid levels, including Lp(a), did not correlate with those in fasting plasma glucose or HbAlc. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that elevated Lp(a) levels do not reflect poor glycemie control and that Lp(a) levels are independent of lipid levels in other lipoproteins after improved glycemie control in NIDDM.
Contribution of Drude and Brendel Model Terms to the Dielectric Function; A case of TiO2:Nb Thin Films

Parametric modeling provides a mean of deeper understanding to the properties of materials. Dielectric function is one of the key parameters which can provide information on the dielectric nature of a thin film or bulk materials. It can be obtained by modeling the material using appropriate existing, new or modified models. In our work, we utilized existing Brendel and Drude models to extract the optical constants from spectrophotometric data of fabricated undoped and niobium doped titanium oxide thin films. The individual contributions by the two models were studied to establish influence on the dielectric function. The effect of dopants on their influences was also analyzed. Results indicate a minimal contribution from the Drude term due to the dielectric nature of the undoped films. However as doping levels increase, the rise in the concentration of free electrons favors the use of Drude model.
Toward an Intelligent e-Learning System Using Document Classification Techniques

Abstract The purpose of this study is to propose and develop an intelligent e-learning system based on advanced document management techniques at Al-Quds Open University (QOU). In this article, we focus on a case using e-mail contents as supplement educational materials at QOU. We describe how the interactive classification system based on concept hierarchy can simplify this task. This system provides the functions to index, classify, and retrieve a collection of e-mail messages based on user profiles. By automatically indexing e-mail messages using our E-mail Classification System for e-Learning, instructors and/or students can easily find their messages and find the topics. The test results of our system evaluation showed that a good classification quality has been achieved, with a precision of 77.4%, recall of 90%, and F-measure of 82.8.
The Effects of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Acute Hormonal Responses to Resistance Exercise in Men

Objective: For many resistance-trained men concerns exist regarding the production of estrogen with the consumption of soy protein when training for muscle strength and size. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of soy and whey protein supplementation on sex hormones following an acute bout of heavy resistance exercise in resistance trained men. Methods: Ten resistance-trained men (age 21.7 ± 2.8 [SD] years; height 175.0 ± 5.4 cm; weight 84.2 ± 9.1 kg) volunteered to participate in an investigation. Utilizing a within subject randomized crossover balanced placebo design, all subjects completed 3 experimental treatment conditions supplementing with whey protein isolate (WPI), soy protein isolate (SPI), and maltodextrin placebo control for 14 days with participants ingesting 20 g of their assigned supplement each morning at approximately the same time each day. Following supplementation, subjects performed an acute heavy resistance exercise test consisting of 6 sets of 10 repetitions in the squat exercise at 80% of the subject's one repetition maximum. Results: This investigation observed lower testosterone responses following supplementation with soy protein in addition to a positive blunted cortisol response with the use of whey protein at some recovery time points. Although sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was proposed as a possible mechanism for understanding changes in androgen content, SHBG did not differ between experimental treatments. Importantly, there were no significant differences between groups in changes in estradiol concentrations. Conclusion: Our main findings demonstrate that 14 days of supplementation with soy protein does appear to partially blunt serum testosterone. In addition, whey influences the response of cortisol following an acute bout of resistance exercise by blunting its increase during recovery. Protein supplementation alters the physiological responses to a commonly used exercise modality with some differences due to the type of protein utilized.
Probabilistic Temporal Subspace Clustering Behnam Gholami

Subspace clustering is a common modeling paradigm used to identify constituent modes of variation in data with locally linear structure. These structures are common to many problems in computer vision, including modeling time series of complex human motion. However classical subspace clustering algorithms learn the relationships within a set of data without considering the temporal dependency and then use a separate clustering step (e.g., spectral clustering) for final segmentation. Moreover, these, frequently optimization-based, algorithms assume that all observations have complete features. In contrast in real-world applications, some features are often missing, which results in incomplete data and substantial performance degeneration of these approaches. In this paper, we propose a unified non-parametric generative framework for temporal subspace clustering to segment data drawn from a sequentially ordered union of subspaces that deals with the missing features in a principled way. The non-parametric nature of our generative model makes it possible to infer the number of subspaces and their dimension automatically from data. Experimental results on human action datasets demonstrate that the proposed model consistently outperforms other state-of-the-art subspace clustering approaches.