Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Affine Arithmetic method to solve the stochastic power flow problem based on a mixed complementarity formulation

An affine-based stochastic power flow problem is proposed in this paper. First, a novel optimization-based model of the power flow problem using complementarity conditions to properly represent generator bus voltage controls, including reactive power limits and voltage recovery is presented. This model is then used to solve the stochastic power flow problem to obtain operational intervals for power flow variables based on an Affine Arithmetic (AA) method to consider active and reactive power demand uncertainties. The proposed AA algorithm is tested on a 14-bus test system and the results are then compared with the Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) results. The AA method shows slightly more conservative bounds; however, it is faster and does not need any information regarding statistical distributions of random variables.
Research on Efficiency of Urban Agglomeration Based on DEA Model——An Empirical Study of the Pearl River Delta City Group

This paper selects indicators of the gross domestic product,urban built-up area,fixed asset investment,the number of employees,population size,industrial structure and the transport network density by using DEA model.In the level of urban economic development,by comparing the PRD Urban Agglomeration and other cities of Guangdong Province,as well as the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration,the PRD city group obtained higher efficiency,but some cities' efficiency needs to be improved.At last,it concluded that improving the efficiency of these cities is the key to the problem.
A new technique for examining intestinal biopsies

A new technique for measuring changes in the architecture of the small intestinal mucosa is described using a modification of the technique of television image analysis to measure the areas occupied by the surface and crypt epithelium in proximal jejunal biopsies. The ratios of these two areas to each other were then calculated. In 12 control mucosae, the mean ratio (±SD) was 2·27 ± 0·41. In 12 untreated flat mucosae, by contrast, the mean ratio was only 0·24 ± 0·07. This ten-fold difference, which was highly significant (p < 0·001), was greater than that for any similar measurements previously reported. This technique is intended for the measurement of changes in the mucosa too small for existing techniques to detect reliably rather than for the diagnosis of coeliac disease.
Linearized performance evaluation of polar transmitter for EDGE

Polar transmitters are popular in today's mobile communications. Envelope and phase information are processed separately and restored at or before the RF power stage depending on the PA configuration. Key components of a typical polar transmitter include an envelope modulator, a phase modulator and a PA. Some technical challenges are described in this paper and some solutions are followed together with simulation results. In order to achieve higher power efficiency, a power supply modulated class-E PA is proposed as the power stage. The variation of the class-E power supply causes AM-AM and AM-PM distortions which must be linearized. Predistortion is a feasible solution to improve both envelope and phase linearization. PLL- based phase modulators potentially offer a higher degree of integration than mixer-based modulators since no SAW filter is required. The modulation bandwidth is expanded by a two- point phase modulator and the modulation accuracy is improved by the phase interpolation technique. This results in a so-called 3-point modulator.
Critical Role for CD103+CD8+ Effectors in Promoting Tubular Injury following Allogeneic Renal Transplantation

Immune destruction of the graft renal tubules is an important barrier to the long-term function of clinical renal allografts, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. CD103—an integrin conferring specificity for the epithelial cell-restricted ligand, E-cadherin—defines a subset of CD8 effectors that infiltrate the graft tubular epithelium during clinical rejection episodes, predicting a causal role for CD103+CD8+ effectors in tubular injury. In the present study, we used rodent transplant models to directly test this hypothesis. Surprisingly, CD8 cells infiltrating renal allografts undergoing unmodified acute rejection did not express significant levels of CD103. However, we demonstrate that a brief course of cyclosporine A to rat renal allograft recipients promotes progressive accumulation of CD103+CD8+ cells within the graft, concomitant with the development of tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. As in the known clinical scenario, graft-associated CD103+CD8+ cells exhibited a T effector phenotype and were intimately associated with the renal tubular epithelium. Treatment with anti-CD103 mAb dramatically attenuated CD8 infiltration into the renal tubules and tubular injury. Mouse studies documented that CD103 expression is required for efficient destruction of the graft renal tubules by CD8 effectors directed to donor MHC I alloantigens. Taken together, these data document a causal role for CD103+CD8+ effectors in promoting tubular injury following allogeneic renal transplantation and identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention in this important clinical problem.
Image Orientation Detection Based on Camera-subject Distances by Adaptive Control of Conditional Probability

In this paper, we propose a method of image orientation detection based on camera-subject distances. This method is characterized as an adaptive control of probabilistic decision by subject distances. The control is operated by switching of conditional probabilities of visual features at each subject distance category. The subject distance can be extracted from Exif. Evaluation and comparison is performed on 1681 consumer images. The experimental results show accuracy improvements on all visual feature combinations with negligible computational cost.
A Peptide Mimic of a Protective Epitope of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Selected from a Combinatorial Library Induces Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies and Reduces Viral Load In Vivo

ABSTRACT Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and young children worldwide. As yet, there is no effective vaccine against RSV infection, and previous attempts to develop a formalin-inactivated vaccine resulted in exacerbated disease in recipients subsequently exposed to the virus. In the work described here, a combinatorial solid-phase peptide library was screened with a protective monoclonal antibody (MAb 19) to identify peptide mimics (mimotopes) of a conserved and conformationally-determined epitope of RSV fusion (F) protein. Two sequences identified (S1 [HWYISKPQ] and S2 [HWYDAEVL]) reacted specifically with MAb 19 when they were presented as solid-phase peptides. Furthermore, after amino acid substitution analyses, three sequences derived from S1 (S1S [HWSISKPQ], S1K [KWYISKPQ], and S1P [HPYISKPQ]), presented as multiple antigen peptides (MAPs), also showed strong reactivity with MAb 19. The affinity constants of the binding of MAb 19, determined by surface plasmon resonance analyses, were 1.19 × 109 and 4.93 × 109 M−1 for S1 and S1S, respectively. Immunization of BALB/c mice with these mimotopes, presented as MAPs, resulted in the induction of anti-peptide antibodies that inhibited the binding of MAb 19 to RSV and neutralized viral infection in vitro, with titers equivalent to those in sera from RSV-infected animals. Following RSV challenge of S1S mimotope-immunized mice, a 98.7% reduction in the titer of virus in the lungs was observed. Furthermore, there was a greatly reduced cell infiltration in the lungs of immunized mice compared to that in controls. These results indicate the potential of peptide mimotopes to protect against RSV infection without exacerbating pulmonary pathology.
Field Dependence-Independence and Self-Esteem in Pre-Adolescent Children

The field independence-dependence and self-esteem of 200 preadolescent boys and girls were studied using the Portable Rod-and-frame Test and the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory. Analysis of variance indicated that field-independent children had significantly higher self-esteem than middle-range and field-dependent individuals. A small significant correlation between field independence and high self-esteem obtained (–.24) but only for boys.
Flow cytometry-sorted non-viable endotoxin-treated human monocytes are strongly procoagulant

Summary Monocytes/macrophages are important in disease states such as gram-negative sepsis and coronary artery disease. Following exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), monocytes express tissue factor (TF), the main initiator of blood coagulation. We previously demonstrated that human monocytes treated with high concentrations of LPS, or with LPS and calcium ionophore, displayed higher TF activity than monocytes treated with only low concentrations of LPS, even though the monocytes under all conditions expressed similar amounts of cell surface TF antigen. Such restrained TF activity is often referred to as encryption and its release as de-encryption. We also observed that the increase in TF activity, de-encryption, coincided with an increase in cell surface phosphatidylserine (PS) representing apoptosis and necrosis. In the present work, we separated LPS and LPS and calcium ionophore-treated human monocytes into two populations, one of mainly viable, PS negative cells, and one of mainly non-viable, PS positive cells, by sorting flow-cytometry. We observed that non-viable cells expressed considerably less TF antigen than viable cells. Despite this, non-viable cells were clearly more procoagulant than viable cells in two different coagulation assays. Procoagulant activity was dependent on both TF and PS. We consider the higher content of externalized PS in non-viable monocytes as the major reason for the stronger procoagulant activity of these cells. Thus, TF de-encryption appears largely to occur on PS positive, non-viable cells under these conditions. This supports the important role of PS in coagulation, and it suggests that PS expression signifying cell death, may be clinically relevant.
Genetic Analysis of the Aspergillus flavus Vegetative Compatibility Group to Which a Biological Control Agent That Limits Aflatoxin Contamination in U.S. Crops Belongs

ABSTRACT Some filamentous fungi in Aspergillus section Flavi produce carcinogenic secondary compounds called aflatoxins. Aflatoxin contamination is routinely managed in commercial agriculture with strains of Aspergillus flavus that do not produce aflatoxins. These non-aflatoxin-producing strains competitively exclude aflatoxin producers and reshape fungal communities so that strains with the aflatoxin-producing phenotype are less frequent. This study evaluated the genetic variation within naturally occurring atoxigenic A. flavus strains from the endemic vegetative compatibility group (VCG) YV36. AF36 is a strain of VCG YV36 and was the first fungus used in agriculture for aflatoxin management. Genetic analyses based on mating-type loci, 21 microsatellite loci, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the aflC gene were applied to a set of 237 YV36 isolates collected from 1990 through 2005 from desert legumes and untreated fields and from fields previously treated with AF36 across the southern United States. One haplotype dominated across time and space. No recombination with strains belonging to VCGs other than YV36 was detected. All YV36 isolates carried the SNP in aflC that prevents aflatoxin biosynthesis and the mat1-2 idiomorph at the mating-type locus. These results suggest that VCG YV36 has a clonal population structure maintained across both time and space. These results demonstrate the genetic stability of atoxigenic strains belonging to a broadly distributed endemic VCG in both untreated populations and populations where the short-term frequency of VCG YV36 has increased due to applications of a strain used to competitively exclude aflatoxin producers. This work supports the hypothesis that strains of this VCG are not involved in routine genetic exchange with aflatoxin-producing strains.
Inhibition of p53-mediated growth arrest by overexpression of cyclin-dependent kinases

Rat fibroblasts transformed by a temperature-sensitive mutant of murine p53 undergo a reversible growth arrest in G1 at 32.5 degrees C, the temperature at which p53 adopts a wild-type conformation. The arrested cells contain inactive cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) despite the presence of high levels of cyclin E and cdk-activating kinase activity. This is due in part to p53-dependent expression of the p2l cdk inhibitor. Upon shift to 39 degrees C, wild-type p53 is lost and cdk2 activation and pRb phosphorylation occur concomitantly with loss of p2l. This p53-mediated growth arrest can be abrogated by overexpression of cdk4 and cdk6 but not cdk2 or cyclins, leading to continuous proliferation of transfected cells in the presence of wild-type p53 and p2l. Kinase-inactive counterparts of cdk4 and cdk6 also rescue these cells from growth arrest, implicating a noncatalytic role for cdk4 and cdk6 in this resistance to p53-mediated growth arrest. Aberrant expression of these cell cycle kinases may thus result in an oncogenic interference with inhibitors of cell cycle progression.
A Statistical Model for the Dynamics of the Received Signal Envelope in Narrowband Urban Fixed Wireless Links With Applications to MRC Diversity Receivers

We present a statistical model for the dynamics of the envelope of the received signal in narrowband urban fixed wireless links, with applications to the performance evaluation of diversity receivers. The model is based on a straightforward analytical treatment based on simplifying assumptions. The assumptions are validated by an extensive empirical study of a broad range of urban settings representative of realistic deployment scenarios for fixed wireless service. The results are useful for system designers and for the efficient selection of error control mechanisms that need to adjust to the dynamics of the propagation channel. We find that, in practice, the autocovariances of the combiner branch input signals are similar and also similar to the autocovariance of the output of the diversity combiners.
pH-sensitive anion exchanger in rat lacrimal acinar cells.

Basolateral membranes from rat lacrimal acinar cells contain Na(+)-H+ and Cl(-)-HCO3- antiport activities [Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 28: 1726-1729, 1989; Am. J. Physiol. 255 (Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 18): G367-G373, 1988]. This study evaluated factors involved in coupling ion fluxes through these antiporters. 22Na+ flux into acini isolated from rat exorbital glands was 94 +/- 6 nmol.mg-1.min-1, and it was accelerated threefold by 10(-5) M carbachol; neither resting nor stimulated influx was affected by bumetanide. It is, therefore, likely that a portion of the carbachol-dependent Na+ influx is mediated by Na(+)-H+ antiporters. 36Cl- flux into Cl(-)-loaded, unstimulated acini was 275 +/- 21 nmol.mg-1.min-1; Cl- flux into HCO3(-)-loaded acini was 204 +/- 2; Cl- flux into acini loaded with both Cl- and HCO3- was 253 +/- 32; and influx in the absence of exchangeable intracellular anions was 176 +/- 13. Therefore, Cl(-)-Cl- self-exchange represented the major component of anion exchanger-mediated Cl- flux into resting cells. As pHi was increased above 7.2 by potassium-nigericin pH clamping, Cl- fluxes into Cl(-)- and HCO3(-)-containing acini, but not into Cl(-)-depleted acini, were significantly accelerated. SITS completely abolished the pHi-activated increment of Cl(-)-Cl- exchange. Carbachol increased Cl- unidirectional flux into Cl(-)-loaded cells by 25% (P less than 0.1), apparently as a result of Na(+)-H+ antiporter-mediated cytoplasmic alkalinization. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
EFFECTS OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY ON THIAMINE DISTRIBUTION IN RAT BRAIN AND LIVER

Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups and the following different synthetic diets were given for 1 month: group 1, calcium‐ and magnesium‐deficient; group 2, calcium‐deficient, magnesium‐sufficient; group 3, calcium‐sufficient, magnesium‐deficient; group 4, calcium‐sufficient, magnesium‐sufficient (normal diet). After 1 month on these dietary regimens, the rats were killed. In calcium‐deficiency (groups 1 and 2), thiamine concentration in synaptosomal and myelin‐membrane fractions in the brain had decreased and the ratio of free thiamine to total thiamine and non‐protein bound thiamine amount had increased in the brain. In magnesium‐deficiency (groups 1 and 3), thiamine concentration in the liver and activities of thiamine‐dependent enzymes in liver had decreased. These results indicate that calcium plays a role in binding thiamine in nerve membrane structures, which have a specific role in the conduction process of nervous tissues. In contrast, magnesium has little effect on thiamine in nervous tissues but may play an important role in thiamine‐dependent enzyme systems in the liver.
Quantitative targeted absolute proteomics of rat blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier transporters: comparison with a human specimen

The purpose of this study was to determine absolute protein expression levels of transporters in rat choroid plexus, that is, the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and to compare them with the levels in the human choroid plexus. Plasma membrane fractions were prepared from pooled, freshly isolated choroid plexuses of 30 male Wistar rats and from frozen choroid plexus of one male human donor. Protein expression levels of 54 rat and 121 human molecules were measured, using a quantitative targeted absolute proteomics technique. In rat, oatp1a5 showed the most abundant protein expression (30.3 fmol/μg protein), and its expression level was 3.1‐, 4.5‐, 5.5‐, 8.4‐, 9.0‐, 9.9‐, 22‐, 91‐, and 95‐fold greater than those of glut1, oatp1c1, mrp1, mct1, oat3, pept2, mrp4, bcrp, and mdr1a, respectively. OATP1A2 (a possible homolog of rat oatp1a5), OATP1C1 and PEPT2 were not detected in human choroid plexus. MRP1, OAT3, and MRP4 showed 4.0‐, 1.8‐, and 1.7‐fold smaller expression levels in human than rat, respectively. MATE1 was detected in human, but not rat, and its expression level (8.61 fmol/μg protein) was the highest among the xenobiotic transporters examined in human choroid plexus. These findings should be useful for understanding rat blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier function and its differences from that in human. This is the first study clarifying the absolute protein expression levels of many transporters in the plasma membrane fractions of rat and human choroid plexuses, that is, blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier, by means of quantitative targeted absolute proteomics (QTAP) technique. This study also identified the protein expressions of some transporters including MATE1 and ABCA8 in the choroid plexus for the first time.
Neuromuscular Interfacing: Establishing an EMG-Driven Model for the Human Elbow Joint

Assistive devices aim to mitigate the effects of physical disability by aiding users to move their limbs or by rehabilitating through therapy. These devices are commonly embodied by robotic or exoskeletal systems that are still in development and use the electromyographic (EMG) signal to determine user intent. Not much focus has been placed on developing a neuromuscular interface (NI) that solely relies on the EMG signal, and does not require modifications to the end user's state to enhance the signal (such as adding weights). This paper presents the development of a flexible, physiological model for the elbow joint that is leading toward the implementation of an NI, which predicts joint motion from EMG signals for both able-bodied and less-abled users. The approach uses musculotendon models to determine muscle contraction forces, a proposed musculoskeletal model to determine total joint torque, and a kinematic model to determine joint rotational kinematics. After a sensitivity analysis and tuning using genetic algorithms, subject trials yielded an average root-mean-square error of 6.53° and 22.4° for a single cycle and random cycles of movement of the elbow joint, respectively. This helps us to validate the elbow model and paves the way toward the development of an NI.
Tyrosine phosphorylation of R3 subtype receptor‐type protein tyrosine phosphatases and their complex formations with Grb2 or Fyn

Post‐translational modification of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) is implicated in functional modulation of these enzymes. Stomach cancer–associated protein tyrosine phosphatase‐1 (SAP‐1), as well as protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) and vascular endothelial‐protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE‐PTP) are receptor‐type PTPs (RPTPs), which belong to the R3 subtype RPTP family. Here, we have shown that the carboxyl (COOH)‐terminal region of SAP‐1 undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation by the treatment with a PTP inhibitor. Src family kinases are important for the tyrosine phosphorylation of SAP‐1. Either Grb2 or Fyn, through their Src homology‐2 domains, bound to the tyrosine‐phosphorylated SAP‐1. Moreover, both PTPRO and VE‐PTP underwent tyrosine phosphorylation in their COOH‐terminal regions. Tyrosine phosphorylation of VE‐PTP or PTPRO also promoted their complex formations with Grb2 or Fyn. Forced expression of SAP‐1, PTPRO or VE‐PTP promoted cell spreading and lamellipodium formation of fibroblasts that expressed an activated form of Ras. In contrast, such effects of non‐tyrosine‐phosphorylated forms of these RPTPs were markedly smaller than those of wild‐type RPTPs. Our results thus suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation of R3 subtype RPTPs promotes their complex formations with Grb2 or Fyn and thus participates in the regulation of cell morphology.
Crowdsourcing-based wifi fingerprint update for indoor localization

Researches on indoor localization become more and more popular because human spend more life time indoors than outdoors. Among all of the present indoor localization technologies, WiFi fingerprint localization is the most widely used. The method of fingerprint is based on matching the current received signal strength with fingerprints stored in the database to get user's position. This method can get high precision with the simple operation, but it's a labor-intensive work to acquire the fingerprint database which costs much time and human resources. In this paper, we proposed a crowdsourcing method to build an auto-update fingerprint database using the data fed back by numerous users. First we detect the user's step sequence using inertial sensors built in smartphones. Then we establish a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and propose a Ratio-based Map Matching(RMM) algorithm to match the step sequence with the real path in the map. After the successful match, we bind each fingerprint collected during a walk to its corresponding position, so the auto-update fingerprint database is generated. We did some experiments in a teaching building to evaluate our proposed method, and the results show the accuracy achieved by the method is related to the length of the step sequence. If the step sequence is long enough, the database we generated is very close to the manual measuring results.