Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parenteral fish-oil-based lipid emulsion improves fatty acid profiles and lipids in parenteral nutrition-dependent children.

BACKGROUND Total parenteral nutrition (PN), including fat administered as a soybean oil-based lipid emulsion (SOLE), is a life-saving therapy but may be complicated by PN-induced cholestasis and dyslipidemia. A fish-oil-based lipid emulsion (FOLE) as a component of PN can reverse PN-cholestasis and has been shown to improve lipid profiles. OBJECTIVE The objective was to describe changes in the fatty acid and lipid profiles of children with PN-cholestasis who were treated with a FOLE. DESIGN Lipid and fatty acid profiles of 79 pediatric patients who developed PN-cholestasis while receiving standard PN with a SOLE were examined before and after the switch to a FOLE. All patients received PN with the FOLE at a dose of 1 g · kg(-1) · d(-1) for ≥1 mo. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) age at the start of the FOLE treatment was 91 (56-188) d. After a median (interquartile range) of 18.3 (9.4-41.4) wk of receiving the FOLE, the subjects' median total and direct bilirubin improved from 7.9 and 5.4 mg/dL to 0.5 and 0.2 mg/dL, respectively (P < 0.0001). Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, and VLDL concentrations significantly decreased by 51.7%, 17.4%, 23.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The switch from a SOLE to a FOLE in PN-dependent children with cholestasis and dyslipidemia was associated with a dramatic improvement in serum triglyceride and VLDL concentrations, a significant increase in serum omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (EPA and DHA), and a decrease in serum omega-6 fatty acids (arachidonic acid). A FOLE may be the preferred lipid emulsion in patients with PN-cholestasis, dyslipidemia, or both. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00910104.
The fabrication of mechanoluminescent composites manufactured via the displaced foam dispersion technique

Mechanoluminescent (ML) phosphors are ideal components for the structural health monitoring (SHM) of in-service fibre-reinforced composites (FRCs); the integration of ML phosphors however, has proven difficult due to ML phosphor properties such as density, morphology and chemical structure. This paper seeks to address such processing difficulties through the utilisation of the novel displaced foam dispersion (DFD) technique. The displaced foam dispersion (DFD) technique is a particular method for manufacturing particulate composites in which particulates are integrated into expendable PS foams. The foams are then placed between fibre fabrics and dissolved upon the infusion of vinyl ester (VE) resin, leaving the particulates in place. Herein, ML-FRCs using two varieties of ML phosphors are manufactured via the DFD technique followed by short beam shear (SBS) testing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) are used to observe sample cross sections as well as identify the spatial location of ML phosphors and fibre constituents. Short beam shear tests indicate a reduction in shear strength with the integration of polystyrene (PS) foam however, the integration of ML phosphor foams yielded slightly stronger composites as compared to samples with only PS foams. SEM and EDS analysis yield the spatial location of constituents as well noticeable differences in fibre compaction that correlate with reductions in strength. The results of this study reveal important variables for /considerations for further development of the DFD technique for the fabrication of ML-FRCs.
Mucosal serotonin overflow is associated with colonic stretch rather than phasic contractions

Many studies have shown that mucosal serotonin (5‐HT) is associated with motility, however, recently there have been some questions to the precise role of this transmitter. The majority of studies have focused on understanding the role of mucosal 5‐HT on colonic migratory motor complexes, but very few studies have been carried out to understand how 5‐HT release may be associated with other motility patterns.
Observation of h_{c} Radiative Decay h_{c}→γη^{'} and Evidence for h_{c}→γη.

A search for radiative decays of the P-wave spin singlet charmonium resonance h_{c} is performed based on 4.48×10^{8} ψ^{'} events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Events of the reaction channels h_{c}→γη^{'} and γη are observed with a statistical significance of 8. 4σ and 4. 0σ, respectively, for the first time. The branching fractions of h_{c}→γη^{'} and h_{c}→γη are measured to be B(h_{c}→γη^{'})=(1.52±0.27±0.29)×10^{-3} and B(h_{c}→γη)=(4.7±1.5±1.4)×10^{-4}, respectively, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic uncertainties.
Arthrocentesis and Synovial Fluid Analysis in Clinical Practice

Joint aspiration, or arthrocentesis, is one of the most useful and commonly performed procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of joint diseases. The synovial fluid aspirated may be examined to evaluate the degree of inflammation and, mainly, to detect the presence of some relevant pathogenic agents, such as crystals or microorganisms. In these cases, synovial fluid analysis still represents the best diagnostic procedure. Arthrocentesis is thus particularly required for the diagnosis and management of the acute “hot red joint,” which may be considered a true medical emergency because of the morbidity and mortality related to septic arthritis. The most recent recommendations on arthrocentesis confirm the need for the procedure in the presence of synovial effusion of unknown origin, especially if septic or crystal arthritis is suspected. Owing to the importance of this analysis, it is clearly recommended that ultrasonography should be used to facilitate arthrocentesis in difficult cases. Furthermore, ultrasonography may be useful in revealing the presence of synovial fluid before the joint aspiration and, subsequently, distinguishing some aspects characteristic of crystal‐induced arthropathies.
Effects of the material of running shoes on biomechanical characteristics during running

Abstract Running as a sport is beneficial to the enhancement of cardiovascular function and body health. Running shoes play an assisting role during running. Running shoes which are made of different materials and have different sole rigidity can produce different counterforces to the sole of the foot and, moreover, have influences on running. In this study, running shoes with different rigidity of soles were manufactured using natural rubber and ehylene-vinyl acetate foaming composite material. The tracks of all the reflection points were captured using an infrared camera, and then the kinetic data of the subjects were recorded. The influence of the rigidity of sole on sport dynamics and biomechanics of lower limbs was analyzed and compared through kinetic test. The results demonstrated that the hardness of the sole had no influence on the first peak force, but had influence on the appearance time, maximum loading rate, and 50-ms passive impulse. When the hardness of the sole was 10°, the first peak force appeared the earliest, and the loading rate and passive impulse were the largest. The hardness of the sole had no influence on the motion of knee joints and abduction exercise of ankle joints, but had influence on the flexion and extension and internal rotation motion. When the hardness of the sole was 10°, the maximum flexion angle and internal rotation angle of the ankle joints were the largest.
Diagnosing Lynch syndrome: is the answer in the mouth?

Alterations in vascular patterns in the buccal/subgingival mucosa may provide the basis for a non-invasive inexpensive test for recognising hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer Risk stratification is essential for designing efficacious and cost effective colon cancer screening programmes. One of the most important risk factors for colorectal cancers (CRC) is an inherited predisposition, implicated in 20% of all cases.1 The spectrum of genetic susceptibility ranges from the low penetrance mutations that modestly increase the colon cancer risk (for example, I 1307K) to the much more dramatic phenotypes (for example, multiple colonic adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis) that engender an extraordinarily high risk of cancer.2 Lynch syndrome or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a case in point. This autosomal dominant condition results from a germline mutation in a DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene (most commonly hMLH1 , hMSH2 , and hMSH6 with the rare occurrence in hMLH3 , PMS1 , and PMS2 ). 3 Clinically, Lynch syndrome, the most common hereditary disorder predisposing to CRC, is characterised by a greater than 80% lifetime risk of CRC in concert with an excess of several extracolonic cancers namely, endometrial, gastric, pancreatic, small bowel, ovarian, and transitional cell carcinoma of the upper uroepithelial tract (ureter and renal pelvis). Thus diagnosing Lynch syndrome is of considerable importance in order to institute a wide range of cancer surveillance strategies for affected subjects. However, establishing the diagnosis is challenging and requires both considerable knowledge and vigilance. The potential reasons for overlooking the diagnosis of HNPCC include: 1. Difficulty in many busy clinical practices of obtaining extended pedigrees necessary for identifying Lynch syndrome. 2. Inadequate physician awareness of inherited colon cancer syndromes.4 3. The variable phenotypic expression which may be modulated by both genetic and environmental factors. For instance, we have noted that subjects with hMLH1 mutations have …
Independent Component Analysis for Improved Defect Detection in Guided Wave Monitoring

Guided wave sensors are widely used in a number of industries and have found particular application in the oil and gas industry for the inspection of pipework. Traditionally this type of sensor was used for one-off inspections, but in recent years there has been a move towards permanent installation of the sensor. This has enabled highly repeatable readings of the same section of pipe, potentially allowing improvements in defect detection and classification. This paper proposes a novel approach using independent component analysis to decompose repeat guided wave signals into constituent independent components. This separates the defect from coherent noise caused by changing environmental conditions, improving detectability. This paper demonstrates independent component analysis applied to guided wave signals from a range of industrial inspection scenarios. The analysis is performed on test data from pipe loops that have been subject to multiple temperature cycles both in undamaged and damaged states. In addition to processing data from experimental damaged conditions, simulated damage signals have been added to “undamaged” experimental data, so enabling multiple different damage scenarios to be investigated. The algorithm has also been used to process guided wave signals from finite element simulations of a pipe with distributed shallow general corrosion, within which there is a patch of severe corrosion. In all these scenarios, the independent component analysis algorithm was able to extract the defect signal, rejecting coherent noise.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS WITH EMULSION PASTE STRUCTURE

There was realized the analysis of modern methods of modification and correction of functional-technological properties of milk proteins for increasing the efficiency of their use in the technology of emulsion products. It was demonstrated, that it is prospective to use cheese-milk mixtures, based on decalcified milk raw materials at the expanse of the increased content of soluble protein. It was proved, that the use of decalcified milk raw materials results in raising the emulsifying power of systems and also in increasing indices of aggregative and kinetic stability. There was determined the aim of the study that is in elaborating a model of the technological system of semi-products with the emulsion paste structure. There was substantiated the expedience of using methods of system analysis at modeling the technological system of semi-products with the emulsion paste structure. There was designed the model of new products using the hierarchy of subsystems by levels. The aim of functioning of each separate subsystem was determined. Connections between separate elements of the system were assessed, internal and intersystem flows between them were analyzed. The influence of separate subsystems on formation of qualitative parameters of a final product was established. There were elaborated the way of forming the assortment of culinary and confectionary products based on semi-products with the emulsion paste structure. It was demonstrated, that depending on a fat content, new semi-products may be used in technologies of cold dishes and snacks, dessert products, hot dishes of sour milk cheese, confectionary products (especially, baked and dressing semi-products) and sauce group of products. Technological advantages of using developed semi-products were presented.
Emotional Intensity-based Facial Expression Cloning for Low Polygonal Applications

People instinctively recognize facial expression as a key to nonverbal communication, which has been confirmed by many different research projects. A change in intensity or magnitude of even one specific facial expression can cause different interpretations. A systematic method for generating facial expression syntheses, while mimicking realistic facial expressions and intensities, is a strong need in various applications. Although manually produced animation is typically of high quality, the process is slow and costly-therefore, often unrealistic for low polygonal applications. In this paper, we present a simple and efficient emotional-intensity-based expression cloning process for low-polygonal-based applications, by generating a customized face, as well as by cloning facial expressions. We define intensity mappings to measure expression intensity. Once a source expression is determined by a set of suitable parameter values in a customized 3D face and its embedded muscles, expressions for any target face(s) can be easily cloned by using the same set of parameters. Through experimental study, including facial expression simulation and cloning with intensity mapping, our research reconfirms traditional psychological findings. Additionally, we discuss the method's overall usability and how it allows us to automatically adjust a customized face with embedded facial muscles while mimicking the user's facial configuration, expression, and intensity.
Prospective motion correction in 2D multishot MRI using EPI navigators and multislice‐to‐volume image registration

Prospective motion correction reduces artifacts in MRI by correcting for subject motion in real time, but techniques are limited for multishot 2‐dimensional (2D) sequences. This study addresses this limitation by using 2D echo‐planar imaging (EPI) slice navigator acquisitions together with a multislice‐to‐volume image registration.
Towards educational data mining: Using data mining methods for automated chat analysis to understand and support inquiry learning processes

In this paper we investigate the application of data mining methods to provide learners with real-time adaptive feedback on the nature and patterns of their on-line communication while learning collaboratively. We derived two models for classifying chat messages using data mining techniques and tested these on an actual data set [16]. The reliability of the classiﬁcation of chat messages is established by comparing the models performance to that of humans. Results indicate that the classiﬁcation of messages is reasonably reliable and can thus be done automatically and in real-time. This makes it, for example, possible to increase the awareness of learners by visualizing their interaction behaviour by means of avatars. It is concluded that the application of data mining methods to educational chats is both feasible and can, over time, result in the improvement of learning environments.
Genome‐wide methylation profiling in Crohn's disease identifies altered epigenetic regulation of key host defense mechanisms including the Th17 pathway

Background: Germline variation in the 71 Crohn's disease (CD) loci implicated by genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) only accounts for approximately 25% of estimated heritability. The contribution of epigenetic alterations to disease pathogenesis is emerging as a research priority. Materials and Methods: The methylation status of 27,578 CpG sites across the genome was analyzed using the Illumina Human Methylation27 assay in DNA extracted from whole blood samples from 40 adult females (21 ileal CD, 19 healthy controls) and 16 girls with childhood‐onset CD, all nonsmokers. Our primary analysis compared methylation profiles in adult cases and controls. Results: Our data define a global methylation profile characteristic of ileal CD. In all, 1117 sites were differentially methylated (corrected P < 0.01); 50 showed significantly altered methylation in cases compared with controls (uncorrected P < 10−6, corrected P < 0.0006), including genes altering immune activation: MAPK13, FASLG, PRF1, S100A13, RIPK3, and IL‐21R. Gene ontology analyses implicated immunity‐related pathways as targets of epigenetic modification (immune system processes [P = 1.3 × 10−22], immune response [P = 8.1 × 10−16], defense responses to bacteria [P = 1.8 × 10−15]). Ingenuity canonical pathway analyses implicated dendritic cell activity (P = 2.4 × 10−8) and differential regulation of cytokines by interleukin (IL)‐17A and IL‐17F (P = 5.8 × 10−7). We identified a significant enrichment of methylation changes within 50 kb of CD GWAS loci (8.6‐fold [P = 0.021] in adults; 2.4‐fold [P = 0.009] in adults and children combined), including IL‐27, IL‐19, TNF, MST1, and NOD2. Methylation status was predictive of disease status (sensitivity 0.71, specificity 0.83). Disease activity, drug therapy, NOD2 and DNMT3A genotypes were not associated with methylation changes. Conclusions: These data provide an important insight into the impact of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of CD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;)
Surface Acoustic Waves Enhance Neutrophil Killing of Bacteria

Biofilms are structured communities of bacteria that play a major role in the pathogenicity of bacteria and are the leading cause of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections on indwelling catheters and medical prosthetic devices. Failure to resolve these biofilm infections may necessitate the surgical removal of the prosthetic device which can be debilitating and costly. Recent studies have shown that application of surface acoustic waves to catheter surfaces can reduce the incidence of infections by a mechanism that has not yet been clarified. We report here the effects of surface acoustic waves (SAW) on the capacity of human neutrophils to eradicate S. epidermidis bacteria in a planktonic state and within biofilms. Utilizing a novel fibrin gel system that mimics a tissue-like environment, we show that SAW, at an intensity of 0.3 mW/cm2, significantly enhances human neutrophil killing of S. epidermidis in a planktonic state and within biofilms by enhancing human neutrophil chemotaxis in response to chemoattractants. In addition, we show that the integrin CD18 plays a significant role in the killing enhancement observed in applying SAW. We propose from out data that this integrin may serve as mechanoreceptor for surface acoustic waves enhancing neutrophil chemotaxis and killing of bacteria.
On optimizing scan testing power and routing cost in scan chain design

With advanced VLSI manufacturing technology in deep submicron (DSM) regime, we can integrate entire electronic systems on a single chip (SoC). Due to the complexity in SoC design, circuit testability becomes one of the most challenging works. Without careful design in scan cell placement and chain ordering, circuits consume much more power in test mode operation than that in normal functional mode. This elevated testing power may cause problems including overall yield lost and instant circuit damage. In this paper, we present an approach to simultaneously minimizing power and routing cost in scan chain reordering after cell placement. We formulate the problem as a traveling salesman problem (TSP), different cost evaluation from (Bonhomme et al., 2004), (Bonhomme et al., 2003), and apply an efficient heuristic to solve it. The experimental results are encouraging. Compared with a recent result in (Bonhomme et al., 2004), which uses the approach with clustering overhead, we obtain up to 10% average power saving under the same low routing cost Furthermore, we obtain 57% routing cost improvement under the same test power consumption in s9234, one of ISCAS'89 benchmarks. We collaborate multiple scan chains architecture with our methodology and obtain good results as well
Modeling skew in data streams

Data stream applications have made use of statistical summaries to reason about the data using nonparametric tools such as histograms, heavy hitters, and join sizes. However, relatively little attention has been paid to modeling stream data parametrically, despite the potential this approach has for mining the data. The challenges to do model fitting at streaming speeds are both technical -- how to continually find fast and reliable parameter estimates on high speed streams of skewed data using small space -- and conceptual -- how to validate the goodness-of-fit and stability of the model online.In this paper, we show how to fit hierarchical (binomial multifractal) and non-hierarchical (Pareto) power-law models on a data stream. We address the technical challenges using an approach that maintains a sketch of the data stream and fits least-squares straight lines; it yields algorithms that are fast, space-efficient, and provide approximations of parameter value estimates with a priori quality guarantees relative to those obtained offline. We address the conceptual challenge by designing fast methods for online goodness-of-fit measurements on a data stream; we adapt the statistical testing technique of examining the quantile-quantile (q-q) plot, to perform online model validation at streaming speeds.As a concrete application of our techniques, we focus on network traffic data which has been shown to exhibit skewed distributions. We complement our analytic and algorithmic results with experiments on IP traffic streams in AT&T's Gigascope® data stream management system, to demonstrate practicality of our methods at line speeds. We measured the stability and robustness of these models over weeks of operational packet data in an IP network. In addition, we study an intrusion detection application, and demonstrate the potential of online parametric modeling.
Microwave design of multi-layer interposers for the packaging of photonic integrated circuits

v Software and instruments used in this thesis vi Commercial software . vi Open-source software . vi Developed software . vii Measurement instruments . vii Author’s publications viii
Classification Rule Mining through SMC for Preserving Privacy Data Mining: A Review

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery in Databases are two new dimensions of database technology that investigate the automatic extraction for identifying hidden patterns and trends from large amount of data. Several researchers have contributed variety of algorithms for generating the classification rule by considering different cases like scalability, computation time, I/O complexity, missing attribute values, multiple decision attributes, privacy preserving of the decision system. This paper focuses on the review of the techniques for privacy preserving classification under multi-party environment. Further, the classification and secure multi-party computation algorithms have also been reviewed. The performance analysis of the algorithms has been discussed in connection with the classification.