Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Reflexivity in Financial Markets: Towards a Prediction of Flash Crashes

We introduce a measure of activity of financial markets that provides a direct access to their level of endogeneity. This measure quantifies how much of price changes is due to endogenous feedback processes, as opposed to exogenous news. For this, we calibrate the self-excited conditional Poisson Hawkes model, which combines in a natural and parsimonious way exogenous influences with self-excited dynamics, to the E-mini S&P 500 futures contracts traded in the Chicago Mercantile Exchange from 1998 to 2010. We find that the level of endogeneity has increased significantly from 1998 to 2010, with only 70% in 1998 to less than 30% since 2007 of the price changes resulting from some revealed exogenous information. Analogous to nuclear plant safety measures concerned with avoiding "criticality," our measure provides a direct quantification of the distance of the financial market from a critical state defined precisely as the limit of diverging trading activity in the absence of any external driving.
Identifying abuse among women: use of clinical guidelines by nurses and midwives.

AIM This aim of this study to identify the incidence of violence against women seeking healthcare services and evaluate the use of clinical guidelines to identify interpersonal violence. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out. Data were collected over a period of 7 months in 2005 and 2006. The samples consisted of 14 nurses, 10 midwives and 208 women in Iceland (101 women visiting the Emergency Department and 107 receiving prenatal care at the High Risk Prenatal Care Clinic). RESULTS Twenty women (19.6%) who visited the Emergency Department and 21 women (19.8%) who came to the High Risk Prenatal Care Clinic had been sexually abused at some point in their lives by close family members. Within the preceding 12 months, 18 women at the Emergency Department (19.1%) and eight at the High Risk Prenatal Care Clinic (7.5%) reported physical abuse, and 22 women (22.2%) at the Emergency Department and 12 (11.5%) at the High Risk Prenatal Care Clinic reported emotional abuse. A majority of the nurses and midwives indicated that the guidelines were efficient for assessing/screening for gender violence in emergency and high risk clinical settings. CONCLUSION Screening for abuse of women at emergency and high risk clinics is crucial, not only to offer the women the immediate interventions they might need, but also to ensure the future provision of appropriate healthcare services.
Fake news stance detection using stacked ensemble of classifiers

Fake news has become a hotly debated topic in journalism. In this paper, we present our entry to the 2017 Fake News Challenge which models the detection of fake news as a stance classification task that finished in 11th place on the leader board. Our entry is an ensemble system of classifiers developed by students in the context of their coursework. We show how we used the stacking ensemble method for this purpose and obtained improvements in classification accuracy exceeding each of the individual models’ performance on the development data. Finally, we discuss aspects of the experimental setup of the challenge.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic negative schizophrenia: a pilot study

Recently, a new technology known as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (RTMS) has been developed.1 In 1994, the use of magnetic stimulation in clinical psychiatry was suggested.2 Since then, it has been used in the study or treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, conversion disorder, schizophrenia, and particularly, depression.3 Our pilot study aimed to assess the possible adverse effects of this treatment in chronic schizophrenic patients with severe negative symptoms; to evaluate if direct RTMS of the prefrontal cortex might improve negative symptoms or cognitive impairments4 in patients with chronic schizophrenia; and thirdly, to note if RTMS might modify the deficit in prefrontal cortical activity, often referred to as hypofrontality, long established in schizophrenia,5specially under conditions of task activation. Six right handed patients with chronic schizophrenia were identified at the outpatient psychiatric service of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. There were two men and four women (mean age 39). Exclusion criteria included alcohol or substance abuse dependence disorder in the past 5 years, focal neurological findings, systemic neurological illness, taking cerebral metabolic activator or vasodilator medications, electroconvulsive therapy within 6 months, and significant abnormal findings on laboratory examination. All …
The Effect of Duration of Merocel in Glove Finger With Tetracaine Solution on Septoplasty Morbidity

Objective We aimed to decrease the postseptoplasty morbidities depending on nasal packing by using Merocel within glove finger moistened with tetracaine 0.25% solution. Study Design The study was designed as a randomized prospective study. Setting A university hospital in Turkey. Subjects and Methods Our study consisted of 80 patients who underwent septoplasty. The Merocel nasal tampon within glove finger was inserted after surgery in the study group and removed after 24 or 48 hours. Merocel was moistened with tetracaine 0.25% solution after insertion into the nasal cavity and just before removal. The morbidities and normal breathing time were recorded and compared with those of the control group. Results The postseptoplasty morbidities were significantly decreased in the study group compared with those in the control group. The morbidities were also improved after removal of tampons after 24 hours compared with 48 hours. However, the normal breathing time was prolonged when the nasal tampons were removed after 24 hours. Conclusions The glove finger provides comfortable removal of nasal packing. The Merocel tampons might be safely removed just after 24 hours postoperatively without any complication.
Teledermatology for primary care in remote areas in Brazil

The Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais (TNMG) is a public telehealth service supporting primary care practitioners in 660 of the 853 municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, in the southeast of Brazil. A wide range of teleconsultations is provided. Store-and-forward teledermatology began in 2007. We conducted a retrospective study of the teleconsultations performed from the beginning of the service in April 2007 until August 2012. The teleconsultations were classified according to the professional who requested them and the municipality from which they were submitted. The number of municipalities covered by the TNMG increased from 82 in 2007 to 660 in 2012. A sample of teleconsultations from January to May 2010 was individually assessed to analyze the most frequent types of queries. User satisfaction was assessed by the following questions, which were available to users when they received the response to their teleconsultation: (1) ‘‘Did the teleconsultation avoid the patient’s referral? ’’ (2) ‘‘Did the teleconsultation answer your question? ’’ (3) ‘‘What is your level of satisfaction with the teleconsultation system? ’’
A likelihood‐based method for real‐time estimation of the serial interval and reproductive number of an epidemic

We present a method for the simultaneous estimation of the basic reproductive number, R0, and the serial interval for infectious disease epidemics, using readily available surveillance data. These estimates can be obtained in real time to inform an appropriate public health response to the outbreak. We show how this methodology, in its most simple case, is related to a branching process and describe similarities between the two that allow us to draw parallels which enable us to understand some of the theoretical properties of our estimators. We provide simulation results that illustrate the efficacy of the method for estimating R0 and the serial interval in real time. Finally, we implement our proposed method with data from three infectious disease outbreaks. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An architecture for autonomie management of overlay networks

Recent efforts in service composition has led to an increase in the number of available services on the Internet. As a result, networks became more service centric. The heterogeneity of network components and access technologies made the management of these services more complex and time consuming. In an effort to ease the management of Service Specific Overlay Networks (SSON), we propose a new architecture which exploits the use of overlays to hide the complexities in the network infrastructure while supporting the service specific management. The proposed architecture is designed to integrate autonomie principles in order to facilitate the management of networks with minimal human intervention. It proposes the use of SSON on top of the overlay network to deliver the services users request through a hybrid overlay structure. The proposed architecture also includes a utility-based feedback mechanism to monitor the Quality of Experience (QoE) of services in order to ensure that service providers meet the quality expectations of users. Simulation results indicate a significant improvement in terms of node joining delay and overhead compared to current technique.
Selective undercut etching for ultra narrow mesa structure in vertical InGaAs channel MISFET

It is important for shrinking the mesa width of a channel region in a vertical InGaAs channel MISFET for carrying out high-speed operation and for obtaining a steep sub-threshold slope. Therefore, we introduced selective undercut etching after the dry etching of the mesa structure. In the fabricated device with 60-nm-long channel, the channel mesa width became 15 nm. The maximum drain current density at V<inf>ds</inf> = 0.75 V and V<inf>g</inf> = 1.5 V was 1.1 A/mm and the maximum transconductance at V<inf>ds</inf> = 0.75 V and V<inf>g</inf> = 0 V was 530 mS/mm.
The Directional Feature of Current Transients, Application in High-Speed Transmission-Line Protection

This paper presents an orthogonal decomposition method, which is used to extract information from the current transient signals generated after a fault. The orthogonal basis functions are obtained under the condition of maximizing variability (variance) of input signals which, in turn, allows for finding an optimal representation of fault data. The results of the decomposition bring remarkable patterns described by transient signals into sight. Directionality, which appears as one of the foremost features, is highly related to the fault inception angle. This relation is then used to determine the fault direction just by comparing the steady-state prefault voltage angle and the angle of the vector resulting from the representation of the current signal in the space given by the first two orthogonal functions. Time windows shorter than 2 ms are used. Thus, the methodology can be applied in high-speed protection schemes.
Cutting balloon angioplasty vs. conventional balloon angioplasty in patients receiving intracoronary brachytherapy for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cutting balloon angioplasty (CBA) for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis prior to intracoronary brachytherapy (ICB). Cutting balloon angioplasty may reduce the incidence of uncontrolled dissection requiring adjunctive stenting and may limit “melon seeding” and geographic miss in patients with in‐stent restenosis who are subsequently treated with ICB. We performed a retrospective case‐control analysis of 134 consecutive patients with in‐stent restenosis who were treated with ICB preceded by either CBA or conventional balloon angioplasty. We identified 44 patients who underwent CBA and ICB, and 90 control patients who underwent conventional percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and ICB for the treatment of in‐stent restenosis. Adjunctive coronary stenting was performed in 13 patients (29.5%) in the CBA/ICB group and 41 patients (45.6%; P < 0.001) in the PTCA/ICB group. There was no difference in the injury length or active treatment (ICB) length. The procedural and angiographic success rates were similar in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of death, myocardial infarction, recurrent angina pectoris, subsequent target lumen revascularization, or the composite endpoint of all four clinical outcomes (P > 0.05). Despite sound theoretical reasons why CBA may be better than conventional balloon angioplasty for treatment of in‐stent restenosis with ICB, and despite a reduction in the need for adjunctive coronary stenting, we were unable to identify differences in clinical outcome. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;63:152–157. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Out-of-plane assembly of 3D neural probe arrays using a platform with SU-8-based thermal actuators

This paper describes an optimized out-of-plane assembly method based on a platform with integrated thermal actuators. The platform comprises cavities with overhanging gold clips embedded into a flexible polyimide (PI) cable. Planar micro components are inserted perpendicularly into the platform cavities and electrically connected to the PI cable by bending the gold clips into the cavities. In contrast to previous approaches using platforms of fixed cavity sizes [1–3], the new approach applies SU-8-based thermal actuators capable of widening the cavities during the assembly process by up to 9 µm for a temperature increase of 155 K. The directionally effective thermal expansion of nine actuator designs is evaluated experimentally and compared with finite element (FE) simulations. The optimized system design is successfully demonstrated with a three-dimensional (3D) neural probe array comprising 40 individually addressable electrodes.
Cell-Free Massive MIMO: User-Centric Approach

Recently, the so-called cell-free (CF) massive MIMO architecture has been introduced, wherein a very large number of distributed access points simultaneously and jointly serve a much smaller number of mobile stations. This letter introduces a user-centric (UC) virtual cell approach to CF massive MIMO, wherein each user is served only by a limited number of access points. The UC approach requires less backhaul overhead than the CF approach, and outperforms the latter in terms of achievable rate-per-user for the vast majority of the users in the network.
An Evaluation of the Physiological Strain Experienced by Electrical Utility Workers in North America

The purpose of this study was to assess the physiological strain experienced by North American electrical utility workers during the performance of their normal work duties in heat stressed conditions. Three common job categories were monitored as they are normally performed in 32 electrical utility workers: (i) Ground Work (n = 11); (ii) Bucket Work (n = 9); and (iii) Manual Pole Work (n = 12). Worker hydration status (urine specific gravity (USG)) was measured prior to and following the work monitoring period (duration: 187 ± 104 min). Core and skin temperatures as well as heart rate were measured continuously. Physiological Strain Index (PSI) was calculated from the measurements of core temperature and heart rate. Prior to the start of the work shift, 38% of workers were euhydrated (USG < 1.020; n = 12) whereas the majority of workers were dehydrated (USG > 1.020; prevalence: 75%; p < 0.01) following work. The overall mean and peak core temperatures for all monitored workers were 37.9 ± 0.3°C and 38.3 ± 0.5°C, respectively. When responses were compared between job categories, greater mean and peak increases in core temperature were observed in Manual Pole Work relative to the other job categories (both p < 0.04). In fact, six workers performing Manual Pole Work achieved core temperatures in excess of 38.5°C, while only one other worker surpassed this threshold in Bucket Work. The high levels of thermal strain were paralleled by elevated mean and peak heart rate and PSI responses, which were greater in Manual Pole Work in comparison to the other job categories (all p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, two workers performing Manual Pole Work achieved severely elevated core temperatures reaching or exceeding 39.5°C along with prolonged periods of near maximal heart rate responses (i.e., >90% of heart rate reserve). We report elevated levels of thermal and cardiovascular strain in electrical utility workers during work in the heat and potentially dangerous levels of hyperthermia during particularly strenuous work.
Prolonged primary afferent induced alterations in dorsal horn neurones, an intracellular analysis in vivo and in vitro.

1. ) Peripheral tissues injury produces long lasting sensory and motor disturbances in man that present as the post-injury hypersensitivity syndrome with a reduction in the threshold required to elicit either pain or the flexion withdrawal reflex and an exaggeration of the normal response to suprathreshold stimuli. 2. ) Two mechanisms contribute to these changes; sensitization of the peripheral terminals of high threshold primary afferents and an increase in the excitability of the spinal cord; a phenomenon known as central sensitization. 3. ) Central sensitization has previously been shown by our laboratory to be the consequence of activity in unmyelinated primary afferents. Brief (20 s) C-fibre strength conditioning stimuli have the capacity to produce both a prolonged heterosynaptic facilitation of the flexion reflex and an alteration in the response properties of dorsal horn neurones, that long outlast the conditioning stimulus. 4. ) In the adult decerebrate-spinal rat preparation we have, using intracellular recordings of dorsal horn neurones, examined the time course of the central effects of different types of orthodromic inputs. The hemisected spinal cord preparation isolated from 12-14 day rat pups has been used to see whether prolonged alterations in dorsal horn properties induced by orthodromic inputs can be studied in vitro. 5. ) Single stimuli applied to a cutaneous nerve at graded strengths to successively recruit A beta, A delta and C-afferents produce, in the majority of neurones recorded in the deep dorsal horn in vivo, a series of post synaptic potentials that last from between ten and several hundred milliseconds. 6. ) Repeated low frequency stimulation of C but not A-afferent fibres results in a pattern of progressive response increment or windup in a proportion of dorsal horn neurones. In some of the neurones the windup is associated with a depolarization that outlasts the stimulus period for tens of seconds. 7. ) Application of the chemical irritant mustard oil to the skin activates chemosensitive C-afferent fibres for 1-3 minutes. Such a conditioning stimulus results however in an expansion in the size and an alteration in the response properties of the receptive fields of dorsal horn neurones that lasts for tens of minutes. 8. ) In dorsal horn neurones recorded intracellularly in the isolated hemisected spinal cord, both intrinsic membrane properties and the orthodromic responses to primary afferent input can be studied. Repeated stimulation of a dorsal root produces in some neurones a prolonged heterosynaptic facilitation with both an augmentation of the response to the conditioning root (homosynaptic potentiation) and to adjacent test roots (heterosynaptic potentiation). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Migration of the Swine Influenza Virus δ-Cluster Hemagglutinin N-Linked Glycosylation Site from N142 to N144 Results in Loss of Antibody Cross-Reactivity

ABSTRACT Routine antigenic characterization of swine influenza virus isolates in a high-throughput serum neutralization (HTSN) assay found that approximately 20% of isolates were not neutralized by a panel of reference antisera. Genetic analysis revealed that nearly all of the neutralization-resistant isolates possessed a seasonal human-lineage hemagglutinin (HA; δ cluster). Subsequent sequencing analysis of full-length HA identified a conserved N144 residue present only in neutralization-resistant strains. N144 lies in a predicted N-linked glycosylation consensus sequence, i.e., N-X-S/T (where X is any amino acid except for proline). Interestingly, neutralization-sensitive viruses all had predicted N-linked glycosylation sites at N137 or N142, with threonine (T) occupying position 144 of HA. Consistent with the HTSN assay, hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and serum neutralization (SN) assays demonstrated that migration of the potential N-linked glycosylation site from N137 or N142 to N144 resulted in a >8-fold decrease in titers. These results were further confirmed in a reverse genetics system where syngeneic viruses varying only by predicted N-glycosylation sites at either N142 or N144 exhibited distinct antigenic characteristics like those observed in field isolates. Molecular modeling of the hemagglutinin protein containing N142 or N144 in complex with a neutralizing antibody suggested that N144-induced potential glycosylation may sterically hinder access of antibodies to the hemagglutinin head domain, allowing viruses to escape neutralization. Since N-linked glycosylation at these sites has been implicated in genetic and antigenic evolution of human influenza A viruses, we conclude that the relocation of the hemagglutinin N-linked glycosylation site from N142 to N144 renders swine influenza virus δ-cluster viruses resistant to antibody-mediated neutralization.
Trends in Java code changes: the key to identification of refactorings?

Changes made to object-oriented (OO) systems over time provide an insight into both design robustness and changes in requirements. When expressed at a high level of abstraction, observing trends in changes to code can indicate opportunities for refactoring at the architectural level. In this paper, we empirically investigate the changes made to a set of fifty-two Java library classes over a three year period. The research attempts to support the hypothesis that certain types of changes made to Java code fall into distinct trends and, furthermore, are likely to be made at a high level of abstraction; in this case to method signatures. Our empirical results show that change trends are identifiable thus informing well-known refactorings, but not as we had envisaged. Control logic constructs were found to be the focus of most changes to the library classes examined.
Use of G‐CSF in Matched Sibling Donor Pediatric Allogeneic Transplantation: A Consensus Statement from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Transplant Discipline Committee and Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium (PBMTC) Executive Committee

Preliminary studies indicate that G‐CSF‐primed marrow harvesting may result in a graft with increased mononuclear cells collected, increased CD34+ stem and progenitor cell dose and a potential for more rapid engraftment. Increased cell dose plus other potential positive effects of G‐CSF priming have resulted in improved survival in non‐randomized preliminary studies. These benefits may be available without the increased risk of chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) that is experienced with allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplant. A phase III Children's Oncology Group (COG)/Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium (PBMTC) trial comparing G‐CSF‐primed marrow to standard marrow has been proposed. This document reviews background studies of G‐CSF‐primed marrow and addresses benefits and risks of G‐CSF administration to normal pediatric donors. We conclude that the approach is promising and warrants further study. Risks of G‐CSF to the donor are minimal and benefits to both donor and recipient may occur. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2006,46:414–421. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.