Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A survey on real world and emulation testbeds for mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks allow for the spontaneous formation of communication networks without dedicated infrastructure. Ad hoc networks are not yet ready for large-scale deployment, because several unsolved research challenges persist. Evaluation methods such as analytical modeling, simulation, emulation, and real world experiments aid in addressing these challenges. There is a strong need for tools to support the task of modeling and evaluation to allow for protocol validation, performance analysis, or proof-of-concept implementations. The choosing of appropriate tools is a time-consuming process, which is often unnecessarily repeated, due to limited knowledge-transfer. We contribute an extensive survey covering real world and emulation testbeds to simplify the choice of appropriate research tools and methodologies in the domain of mobile ad hoc networks. In particular, we identify the key attributes of the aforementioned classes of testbeds and thoroughly discuss the state-of-the-art in literature to form a comprehensive classification of available testbeds
The effects of glucose and growth regulators on the organogenesis of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. in vitro.

Herbaceous peony plants successfully propagated in vitro do not survive the transfer to the ex vitro environment. For other species, storage organ formation in vitro can limit the loss of plants during acclimatization. In the natural conditions, the renewal buds for the following year originate on the underground crown (metamorphosed underground shoot, rhizome) of herbaceous peony. A perennial crown and roots serve for the accumulation of the storage products and plant renewal. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the influence of glucose (30, 60 90 g l -1 ) and growth regulators (kinetin, IBA, GA 3 ) on the shoot, renewal bud, root growth and development of Paeonia lactiflora 'Jadwiga' in vitro. Excision of all leaves from isolated explants inhibited production of new shoots and leaves, and evidently induced formation of renewal buds. Increasing the glucose supply, especially in the absence of growth regulators, decreased production of shoots and outgrowth of leaves. The stronger inhibition of shoot growth by glucose was observed on the explants without leaves. By contrast, the beneficial effect of glucose on renewal bud formation was observed. A single supply of kinetin, IBA or GA 3 stimulated shoots and leaf growth and inhibited renewal bud formation, on the explants isolated with leaves. Interaction of kinetin, GA 3 and IBA (added together) and the highest glucose level enhanced the growth of shoots on the explants containing leaves, and increased the number of renewal buds, on the explants without leaves. Increasing glucose level enhanced the number of roots in the absence of growth regulators on the explants containing leaves. The supply of IBA in the medium containing 30 g l -1 glucose, stimulated the root production on the explants without leaves. The addition of GA 3 or kinetin (singly or simultaneously with IBA) to the medium with different concentrations of glucose, strongly inhibited rooting. The results presented here, show that a high level of glucose and exogenous growth regulators (kinetin, GA 3 , IBA) together stimulate shoot and renewal bud formation but the way of organogenesis depends on the presence or absence of leaves. The interaction between auxin (exogenous or endogenous) and glucose regulate root formation on the peony shoots but the final effect depends on the type of explants (with or without leaves). It is possible that leaves have a very important hormonal factors, which stimulate shoot growth or rooting and inhibit renewal bud formation.
Locus of hope and subjective well-being

Hope theory (Snyder, 2002) posits that highly “hopeful” individuals are more successful in attaining their goals primarily due to the cognitive interplay between pathway and agency thinking or the ability to not only produce the necessary routes to a goal but also the motivation to actively pursue the routes created. Bernardo (2010) attempted to extend the theory through the incorporation of external factors that may contribute to an individual’s level of hope thereby altering the highly internalized characteristic of hope. Although previous literatures have established the positive role of hope across different settings, there are relatively few studies on locus of hope as a whole. The current paper proposes to contribute to the expanding knowledge on locus of hope through setting possible research directions on the predictive capabilities of locus of hope as a whole on subjective well-being.
Estimating Shared Copy Number Aberrations for Array CGH Data: The Linear-Median Method

Motivation Existing methods for estimating copy number variations in array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) data are limited to estimations of the gain/loss of chromosome regions for single sample analysis. We propose the linear-median method for estimating shared copy numbers in DNA sequences across multiple samples, demonstrate its operating characteristics through simulations and applications to real cancer data, and compare it to two existing methods. Results Our proposed linear-median method has the power to estimate common changes that appear at isolated single probe positions or very short regions. Such changes are hard to detect by current methods. This new method shows a higher rate of true positives and a lower rate of false positives. The linear-median method is non-parametric and hence is more robust in estimating copy number. Additionally the linear-median method is easily computable for practical aCGH data sets compared to other copy number estimation methods.
A Comprehensive Study of Bluetooth Fingerprinting-Based Algorithms for Localization

There is an increasing demand for indoor navigation and localization systems along with the increasing popularity of location based services in recent years. According to past researches, Bluetooth is a promising technology for indoor wireless positioning due to its cost-effectiveness and easy-to-deploy feature. This paper studied three typical fingerprinting-based positioning algorithms - kNN, Neural Networks and SVM. According to our analysis and experimental results, the kNN regression method is proven to be a good candidate for localization in real-life application. Comprehensive performance comparisons including accuracy, precision and training time are presented.
Providing the Guideline of Determining Quality Checklists Priorities Based on Evaluation Records of Software Products

COTS (commercial-off-the-shelf) software products are usually provided in a packaged style without the source code but with many ready-to-use functions. Generally, their vendors are reluctant to disclose the source code. Thus, the major way of quality evaluation and certification requires dynamic behavior testing, essentially black-box testing. Since observing every aspect of external software behavior is almost impossible, it is crucial to designate an adequate range for quality evaluation such as an adequate number of quality checklists or product quality metrics for external behavior testing. Hence, to establish rules of selecting quality evaluation criteria in systematic ways, there have been attempts to analyze and utilize the past records of software evaluation. In this paper, multiple characteristics of software are mapped as nodes to affect and determine the priority ranks of external software quality metrics on Bayesian belief network. The nodes are set to be under the influence of multiple inheritances so that every external characteristic of COTS software is considered thoroughly.
Happiness and Feeling Connected

Subjective connection with nature, or nature relatedness, is similar to other environmental worldview measures in predicting sustainable attitudes and behaviors, yet is unique in predicting happiness. In two studies, the authors assessed the overlap between nature relatedness and other subjective connections (e.g., with friends or country) and examined these connections as a possible confound in explaining the link between nature relatedness and happiness. Study 1 adapted a measure of general connectedness and administered it to student (n = 331) and community (n = 415) samples along with multiple nature relatedness and happiness indicators. Study 2 examined more established measures of subjective connections in another community sample (n = 204). General connectedness predicted happiness well, yet nature relatedness remained a significant distinct predictor of many happiness indicators, even after controlling for other connections. Results support the notion that nature relatedness could be a path to human happiness and environmental sustainability, though confirming this causal direction requires additional research.
Insomnia management for ageing employees with job stress

In Latvia, the number of aging employees suffering from sleep disorders caused by job stress and poor sleep hygiene is increasing. The non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment is prescribed for these employees in the sleep management. The aim of this research is to clarify the efficiency of using psychotherapy with learning and observing sleep hygiene, combined with the melatonergic drug during a six-week treatment course applied to 25 both male and female intellectual workers over 65 years suffering from insomnia caused by job stress. For the patients representing Group "A" cognitive hypnotherapy, intervention for improving coping with job stress and usage of the melatonergic drug was prescribed, while Group "B" patients received six weeks only drug. The severity of depressive episodes in employees was measured by Montgomery- Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the level of anxiety was assessed by use Rosenberg Self- Esteem Scale. The results of the research show that insomnia patterns disappeared for 75% of women and 80% of men employees in Group A, but in Group B individuals, - only for 20% of women employees. The results acquired let concluding that the six-week treatment - cognitive hypnotherapy combined with melatonergic drug - is an effective treatment for aging workers suffering from sleep disorders.
A novel quantum-inspired pseudorandom proportional evolutionary algorithm for the multidimensional knapsack problem

This paper proposes a novel quantum-inspired pseudorandom proportional evolutionary algorithm (QPPEA), whose core is that the pseudorandom proportional operation is introduced in the update strategy. As the traditional quantum evolutionary algorithm (QEA) generates the binary solution completely depending on the probability and the amplitude of rotation angel is small, the efficiency of QEA is low. To make up for it, pseudorandom proportional operation inspired by ant colony algorithm is introduced in QPPEA. Further more, for the sake of the introduction of pseudorandom proportional operation, quantum mutation operator based on quantum NOT gate is used to keep the diversity of population. The simulation results on a class of the multidimensional knapsack problems (MKP) demonstrate that QPPEA can effectively enhance the searching efficiency and improve the optimization performance.
Under-reporting of energy intake in the Canadian Community Health Survey.

BACKGROUND Under-reporting of food consumption is a recurrent challenge for nutrition surveys. Past research suggests that under-reporting tends to be most pronounced among overweight and obese people. DATA AND METHODS Data from 16,190 respondents to the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2.2)-Nutrition were used to estimate underreporting of food intake for the population aged 12 or older in the 10 provinces. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the impact of different characteristics on underreporting. RESULTS Average under-reporting of energy intake was estimated at 10%. Under-reporting was greater among people who were overweight or obese, those who were physically active, adults compared with teenagers, and women compared with men. INTERPRETATION Under-reporting of energy intake is not random and varies by key health determinants. Awareness of the characteristics associated with under-reporting is important for users of nutrition data from the CCHS 2.2.
Globalization, Social Identities and Employment

On the basis of social identity theory, we predict various outcomes of current reactions against globalization which have important implications for the management of employees. Globalization and its associated developments have added impetus to two social trends: increases in inequality and in individualism. Inequalities have increased both between and within nations, whilst individualism is increasingly apparent in social life in general, and in organizational life in particular. It is argued that individualism has led to a preference for personal identities over social identities, but that these are not always satisfying because they are often based upon consumerist values. Moreover, inequalities have resulted in feelings of injustice. Consequently certain social movements have increased in popularity. The most important of these are religious fundamentalism, nationalism and single-issue politics. Increasing numbers of employees have at least one of these social identities central to their selves. Social identity and self-categorization theory suggest certain hypotheses about the likely implications for employment. First, to the extent that these social identities are salient for employees in the work situation, they will maintain the beliefs, values and norms associated with their identity at the expense of organizational beliefs, values or norms which are incompatible. Second, they will further the interests of their own category at the expense of other social categories of employee. Third, they will fail to differentiate between individuals within their own category, and between individuals within other categories. The implications of these hypotheses, if supported, for organizations are then explored. Finally, certain preventative strategies, also based upon social identity theory, are described.
Language Independent Named Entity Recognition Combining Morphological and Contextual Evidence

Identifying and classifying personal, geographic, institutional or other names in a text is an important task for numerous applications. This paper describes and evaluates a language-independent bootstrapping algorithm based on iterative learning and re-estimation of contextual and morphological patterns captured in hierarchically smoothed trie models. The algorithm learns from unannotated text and achieves competitive performance when trained on a very short labelled name list with no other required language-speci c information, tokenizers or tools.
Cross time-bin photonic entanglement for quantum key distribution

We report a fully fibered source emitting cross time-bin-entangled photons at 1540 nm from type-II spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Compared to standard time-bin-entanglement realizations, the preparation interferometer requires no phase stabilization, simplifying its implementation in quantum key distribution experiments. Bell-type tests of such a cross time-bin state are performed in the Franson configuration and lead to two-photon interference raw visibilities greater than 95%, which are only limited by the dark counts in the detectors and imperfections in the analysis system. Just by trusting the randomness of the beam splitters, the correlations generated by the source can be proved of nonclassical origin even in a passive implementation. The obtained results confirm the suitability of this source for time-bin-based quantum key distribution.
Touch&Screen: widget collection for large screens controlled through smartphones

We present Touch&Screen, a wide set of interaction techniques for the remote control of widgets (menu, lists, videos, maps etc.) for large screens through smartphones. After presenting the design of these widgets and the related control interfaces of the smartphone, we evaluated the interaction through two user studies. The first study (48 users) aimed to evaluate the user experience (naturalness, usability, etc.) and spontaneity of use. The second user study (12 users) aimed to evaluate our interaction techniques comparatively with direct touch and a commercial smartphone application designed to control cursors on distant screens. The evaluation results show that Touch&Screen is faster and more natural than existing solutions to control distant screens.
Extended target localization with total-variation denoising in through-the-wall-imaging

We propose a target detection and clutter removal technique for through the wall radar imaging that captures the extended reflections of targets behind the wall and determines target consistency using total variation denoising. Our approach is based on the multipath elimination by sparse inversion (MESI) algorithm which models the clutter removal problem as a structured blind deconvolution problem with sparsity constraints on the scene and the multipath reflections. In this work, we extend the MESI algorithm by incorporating the spatial correlation of extended target reflections into the target detection stage. This in turn improves the clutter mitigation performance by ensuring that a separate convolution kernel is computed for each detected target to match the corresponding multipath reflections. When MIMO measurements are available, we apply total variation denoising on the clutter-suppressed SIMO images followed by incoherent summation to generate a single noise free target image. We present numerical experiments that demonstrate the improved performance of our approach compared to standard MESI and MIMO imaging.
Arabidopsis Homologs of the Petunia HAIRY MERISTEM Gene Are Required for Maintenance of Shoot and Root Indeterminacy1[C][W][OA]

Maintenance of indeterminacy is fundamental to the generation of plant architecture and a central component of the plant life strategy. Indeterminacy in plants is a characteristic of shoot and root meristems, which must balance maintenance of indeterminacy with organogenesis. The Petunia hybrida HAIRY MERISTEM (HAM) gene, a member of the GRAS family of transcriptional regulators, promotes shoot indeterminacy by an undefined non-cell-autonomous signaling mechanism(s). Here, we report that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants triply homozygous for knockout alleles in three Arabidopsis HAM orthologs (Atham1,2,3 mutants) exhibit loss of indeterminacy in both the shoot and root. In the shoot, the degree of penetrance of the loss-of-indeterminacy phenotype of Atham1,2,3 mutants varies among shoot systems, with arrest of the primary vegetative shoot meristem occurring rarely or never, secondary shoot meristems typically arresting prior to initiating organogenesis, and inflorescence and flower meristems exhibiting a phenotypic range extending from wild type (flowers) to meristem arrest preempting organogenesis (flowers and inflorescence). Atham1,2,3 mutants also exhibit aberrant shoot phyllotaxis, lateral organ abnormalities, and altered meristem morphology in functioning meristems of both rosette and inflorescence. Root meristems of Atham1,2,3 mutants are significantly smaller than in the wild type in both longitudinal and radial axes, a consequence of reduced rates of meristem cell division that culminate in root meristem arrest. Atham1,2,3 phenotypes are unlikely to reflect complete loss of HAM function, as a fourth, more distantly related Arabidopsis HAM homolog, AtHAM4, exhibits overlapping function with AtHAM1 and AtHAM2 in promoting shoot indeterminacy.
Genetic Algorithm-based Robot Path Planning

Nowadays, building an intelligent robot that able to move by itself from one location to another without collides with other obstacles is of interest in many applications. In the real world, condition of an environment is always unpredictable and changes with the existence of dynamic obstacles. This paper tends to propose an algorithm for robot path planning in a dynamic environment using Genetic algorithm (GA) technique. The proposed algorithm is able to find an optimum path for a robot and avoid any static and dynamic obstacles. The variation of the proposed algorithm is shown with the implementation of the algorithm in 4-way movement robot and 8-way movement robot. The simulation results show significant performance of the algorithm when compared with real optimum path.
Heuristic Tree Search for Detection and Decoding of Uncoded and Linear Block Coded Communication Systems

A heuristic tree search algorithm is developed for the maximum likelihood detection and decoding problem in a general communication system. We propose several "cheap" heuristic functions using constrained linear detectors and the minimum mean square errors (MMSE) detector. Even though the MMSE heuristic function does not guarantee the optimal solution, it has a negligible performance loss and provides a good complexity-performance tradeoff. For linear block coded systems, heuristic tree search is modified for soft decision decoding. High rate codes are decoded via the minimum state trellis, and low rate codes via the minimum complexity tree. Preprocessing is also discussed to further speed up the algorithms.
Differential Contribution of the First Two Enzymes of the MEP Pathway to the Supply of Metabolic Precursors for Carotenoid and Chlorophyll Biosynthesis in Carrot (Daucus carota)

Carotenoids and chlorophylls are photosynthetic pigments synthesized in plastids from metabolic precursors provided by the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. The first two steps in the MEP pathway are catalyzed by the deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and reductoisomerase (DXR) enzymes. While DXS has been recently shown to be the main flux-controlling step of the MEP pathway, both DXS and DXR enzymes have been proven to be able to promote an increase in MEP-derived products when overproduced in diverse plant systems. Carrot (Daucus carota) produces photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls) in leaves and in light-exposed roots, whereas only carotenoids (mainly α- and β-carotene) accumulate in the storage root in darkness. To evaluate whether DXS and DXR activities influence the production of carotenoids and chlorophylls in carrot leaves and roots, the corresponding Arabidopsis thaliana genes were constitutively expressed in transgenic carrot plants. Our results suggest that DXS is limiting for the production of both carotenoids and chlorophylls in roots and leaves, whereas the regulatory role of DXR appeared to be minor. Interestingly, increased levels of DXS (but not of DXR) resulted in higher transcript abundance of endogenous carrot genes encoding phytoene synthase, the main rate-determining enzyme of the carotenoid pathway. These results support a central role for DXS on modulating the production of MEP-derived precursors to synthesize carotenoids and chlorophylls in carrot, confirming the pivotal relevance of this enzyme to engineer healthier, carotenoid-enriched products.
Atomicity and isolation for transactional processes

Processes are increasingly being used to make complex application logic explicit. Programming using processes has significant advantages but it poses a difficult problem from the system point of view in that the interactions between processes cannot be controlled using conventional techniques. In terms of recovery, the steps of a process are different from operations within a transaction. Each one has its own termination semantics and there are dependencies among the different steps. Regarding concurrency control, the flow of control of a process is more complex than in a flat transaction. A process may, for example, partially roll back its execution or may follow one of several alternatives. In this article, we deal with the problem of atomicity and isolation in the context of processes. We propose a unified model for concurrency control and recovery for processes and show how this model can be implemented in practice, thereby providing a complete framework for developing middleware applications using processes.