Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of Micronesian islands in the maintenance of coral genetic diversity in the Pacific Ocean

Understanding how genetic diversity is maintained across patchy marine environments remains a fundamental problem in marine biology. The Coral Triangle, located in the Indo‐West Pacific, is the centre of marine biodiversity and has been proposed as an important source of genetic diversity for remote Pacific reefs. Several studies highlight Micronesia, a scattering of hundreds of small islands situated within the North Equatorial Counter Current, as a potentially important migration corridor. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the population genetic structure of two ecologically important congeneric species of reef‐building corals across greater Micronesia, from Palau to the Marshall Islands. Genetic divergences between islands followed an isolation‐by‐distance pattern, with Acropora hyacinthus exhibiting greater genetic divergences than A. digitifera, suggesting different migration capabilities or different effective population sizes for these closely related species. We inferred dispersal distance using a biophysical larval transport model, which explained an additional 15–21% of the observed genetic variation compared to between‐island geographical distance alone. For both species, genetic divergence accumulates and genetic diversity diminishes with distance from the Coral Triangle, supporting the hypothesis that Micronesian islands act as important stepping stones connecting the central Pacific with the species‐rich Coral Triangle. However, for A. hyacinthus, the species with lower genetic connectivity, immigration from the subequatorial Pacific begins to play a larger role in shaping diversity than input from the Coral Triangle. This work highlights the enormous dispersal potential of broadcast‐spawning corals and identifies the biological and physical drivers that influence coral genetic diversity on a regional scale.
Even the downhearted may be uplifted: Moral elevation in the daily life of clinically depressed and anxious adults.

Observing acts of virtue (e.g., generosity, courage) triggers moral elevation, an emotion characterized by a sense of feeling morally uplifted and inspired. Elevation triggers prosocial motivation and positive emotion, and may therefore bear relevance for disorders characterized by self-focus, interpersonal dysfunction, and distress (e.g., depression and anxiety disorders). The present study tested the interpersonal and emotional effects of elevation for ten days in clinically depressed and anxious individuals (N = 47). Multilevel models showed that on days that individuals experienced high elevation relative to their own average levels, they endorsed higher compassionate goals (striving to help others) and closeness to others, as well as lower interpersonal conflict and distress symptoms. In time-lagged analyses, elevation predicted residual increases in compassionate goals toward others on subsequent days and a six-week posttest. Moreover, most effects were not attributable to gender, dysphoric mood, or.
Altered brain development following global neglect in early childhood

Each year in the United States alone, over 500,000 children suffer from some version of "neglect. " Neglected children brought to the attention of the Child Protective Services has a much higher probability of emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social and physical delays and dysfunction than "comparison" children. It is becoming increasingly clear that the nature, timing and extent of neglect in childhood are critical in determining the nature and extent of these deficits (Perry et al., 199 5; Courchesne et al., 1994).
Efficacy of Quinine, Artemether-Lumefantrine and Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine as Rescue Treatment for Uncomplicated Malaria in Ugandan Children

Background The treatment of falciparum malaria poses unique challenges in settings where malaria transmission intensity is high because recurrent infections are common. These could be new infections, recrudescences, or a combination of the two. Though several African countries continue to use quinine as the second line treatment for patients with recurrent infections, there is little information on its efficacy when used for rescue therapy. Moreover, such practice goes against the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommendation to use combination therapy for uncomplicated malaria. Methods We conducted a nested, randomized, open label, three-arm clinical trial of rescue therapy in children 6–59 months old with recurrent malaria infection during 28 days post treatment with artemisinin combination treatment (ACT). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either quinine, artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHAPQ), and actively followed up for 28 days. Findings Among 220 patients enrolled, 217 (98.6 %) were assigned an efficacy outcome and 218 (99.1 %) were assessed for safety. The risk of recurrent infection was significantly higher in patients treated with quinine (70 %, 74/110, HR = 3.9; 95 % CI: 2.4–6.7, p<0.0001) and AL (60%, 21/35, HR = 3.3; 95 % CI: 1.8–6.3, p<0.0002), compared to DHAPQ (25%, 18/72). Recrudescence tended to be lower in the DHAPQ (1%, 1/72) than in the quinine (7%, 8/110) or AL (6 %, 2/35) group, though it was not statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion Recurrent infections observed after the administration of an ACT can be successfully treated with an alternative ACT rather than with quinine. Trial Registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN99046537
Coupling and decoupling of unfairness and anger in ultimatum bargaining

Although previous research has demonstrated the importance of emotions in ultimatum bargaining, this research provides a more direct, convergent test of the role of anger in explaining rejections of unfair offers in ultimatum bargaining. First, using appraisal theory of emotions, this research examines the extent to which the cognitive appraisal of unfairness leads to the emotion of anger, which in turn, drives punitive behavior (i.e., rejection of offers). Second, this research explores the possibility of decoupling the emotion of anger from its antecedent appraisal of unfairness in order to attenuate responders' inclination to reject unfair offers. Third, following the current research tradition that goes beyond a valence-based approach, we differentiate between the negative emotions of anger and sadness and examine whether it is the specific emotion of anger that is relevant to the cognitive appraisal of unfairness or the general negative valence of the emotion. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[D9 measles virus was first isolated from an imported measles case in Sichuan Province of China].

OBJECTIVE To isolate and identify the genotype and molecular characteristic of an imported D9 measles virus. METHOD To isolate the virus with Vero/SLAM cell line. And RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) were performed to amplify the 450 nucleotide acids of carboxyl terminal of N (nucleoprotein, N) protein. The phylogenetic tree was constructed and the homology similarity was analyzed. RESULTS Sichuan isolate MVi/Sichuan.CHN/07.09/1 was clustered within the same genotype group with WHO D9 genotype reference strain, the homology of nucleotide acid between Sichuan isolate and WHO D9 genotype reference strain was 96.9%. The homology of nucleotide acid and amino acid between Sichuan isolate and 2008 D9 genotype representative strain were 99.8%-100% and 99.3%-100% respectively. Compared with the Chinese measles vaccine strain, the homology of nucleotide acid and amino acid of Shanghai-191 were 92.3% and 90.7% respectively. Compared with the endemic H1 genotype representative measles strain, the homology of nucleotide acid and amino acid were 90.8% and 92.1% respectively. CONCLUSION The imported virus was D9 genotype measles virus.
Using Students' Programming Behavior to Predict Success in an Introductory Mathematics Course

Computer science students starting their studies at our university often fail their first mandatory mathematics course, as they are not required to have a strong background in mathematics. Failing can also be partly explained by the need to adjust to a new environment and new working practices. Here, we are looking for indicators in students’ working practices that could be used to point out students that are at risk of failing some of their courses, and could benefit from an intervention. We present initial results on how freshman students’ programming behavior in an introductory programming course can be used to predict their success in a concurrently organized introductory mathematics course. A plugin in students’ programming environment gathers snapshots (time, code changes) from students actual programming process. Gathered snapshots are transformed to data items that contain features indicating e.g. deadlinedriven mentality or eagerness. Our results using Bayesian networks indicate that we can identify students with a high likelihood of failing their mathematics course already at a very early phase of their studies using only data that represents their programming behavior.
THE NEW PROFESSIONALS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD: OVERVIEW OF A TRANSDISCIPLINARY TRAINING PROGRAM AND INITIAL STUDENT OUTCOMES

Comprehensive, collaborative services have emerged as an appropriate response to the challenges presented by families and their young children. This necessitates preparation of a "new breed" of professionals; individuals who are competent in a broader, transdisciplinary context to work in teams in community sites and public schools (Surbeck, 1998). Because there is a shortage of professionals with essential family-centered and team-based skills, the Interprofessional Collaboration Project at Arizona State University (ASU) was designed to provide preservice training opportunities for personnel from various disciplinary backgrounds in the human services areas. PARTNERSHIP HISTORY
A new beamforming structure based on transmit-MRC for closed-loop MIMO systems

This paper proposes an efficient beamforming scheme which attains optimality as singular value decomposition (SVD) based systems with low complexity utilizing transmit maximum-ratio combining (TMRC) techniques. The TMRC scheme is the optimum structure for single beamforming systems in terms of received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in multiple-input single-output (MISO) channels. In this paper, we generalize the TMRC scheme to multiple beamforming multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems which support more than one data stream in coded systems. We express each beamforming vector as a linear combination of TMRC vectors whose coefficients are optimized in a successive manner. Optimization of the beamforming vector is followed by the decorrelation process. All TMRC vectors used as a basis of the remaining beamforming vectors are made orthogonal to previously computed beamforming vectors. Exploiting the concept of the gradient ascent algorithm, we propose a simple non-iterative method of computing the precoder which obtains the near optimal performance. Also we derive a closed form expression of the output SNR distribution for the proposed scheme. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves the almost identical link performance as the SVD-based system for arbitrary configurations with reduced complexity.
A superpixel method using 3-D geometry and normal priori information for RGB-D data

In recent years, a wide range of computer vision applications have relied upon superpixel. In an effort to generate superpixel segmentation for RGB-D images, we present a new efficient framework which combines color and spatial features and makes use of depth information as far as possible. It is performed by defining a measurement for the point cloud computed from depth map and distance between vertex normal. We use the distance of voxels to distinguish objects on depth map and use normal map to separate planes in the object. In this way, our method is able to generate superpixels both edge compact and plane fitting. Then we compare our proposed method with six state-of-the-art superpixel algorithms by considering their ability to adhere to image boundaries. The comparisons demonstrate that the performance of our method based on linear iterative clustering (SLIC) algorithm is superior to the most recent superpixel methods.
The relation of infants' home environments to mental test performance from six to thirty-six months: A longitudinal analysis.

ELARDO, RICHARD; BRADLEY, ROBERT; and CALDWELL, BETTYE M. The Relation of Infants' Home Environments to Mental Test Performance from Six to Thirty-six Months: A Longitudinal Analysis. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1975, 46, 71-76. In contrast to the large array of instruments available for the measurement of individual differences in children, there have been almost no techniques available to permit the precise measurement of the child's home learning environment. The present study involved the administration of a home environment inventory to a sample of 77 mothers and infants. Correlations between home inventory data and measures of infant development over a period of 30 months were higher than those typically reported relating infant tests or level of parental education to childhood IQ.
InMRAM: Introductory course on Magnetic Random Access Memories for microelectronics students and engineers

Magnetic Random Access Memories (MRAM) interest is growing fast in the microelectronics industry. Commercial MRAM products already exist and all major industrial players have launched large R&D efforts to bring Spin Transfer Torque MRAM to production. The principle goal is to replace part of the memory hierarchy (in particular DRAM) by MRAM below the 20nm node. Interest in bringing non-volatile elements closer to the logic is also growing, in order to improve the performance of electronic circuits by increasing the bandwidth between logic and memory and reducing the power consumption. Despite this rising interest, very few microelectronics engineers have a background in magnetism and even more in spinelectronics so that it is very difficult for them to get into this emerging field. Magnetism and microelectronics communities have worked separately so far. We are convinced it is time to develop more relationships between these two communities through joint symposia, workshops, conferences, as well as to introduce some courses in magnetism and spinelectronics in the education of young microelectronics engineers. In this context, SPINTEC, a French lab associated to CEA/CNRS/Grenoble University, started organizing last year an annual Introductory Course on MRAM (InMRAM) for students, engineers and researchers having no or little background in magnetism. The second edition will take place in Grenoble from 2nd to 4th July 2014.
Comparison of Bayesian and fuzzy ARTmap networks in HV transmission lines fault diagnosis

Fault diagnosis is a vital discussion in power systems restoration. Recently, much research endeavors have been done for fault section diagnosis of power systems by using several techniques, such as rule-based expert system, logic-based expert system, fuzzy relation based expert system, neural network, optimization techniques based approach, etc. They diagnose the fault from different ways. However, each approach has its limitations. In this paper, a Bayesian approach by RBF learning using a simulation technique, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Fuzzy ARTmap network are proposed to predict the fault in a typical power transmission line and the results are compared.
Shape Modeling with Front Propagation: A Level Set Approach

Shape modeling is an important constituent of computer vision as well as computer graphics research. Shape models aid the tasks of object representation and recognition. This paper presents a new approach to shape modeling which retains some of the attractive features of existing methods and overcomes some of their limitations. The authors' techniques can be applied to model arbitrarily complex shapes, which include shapes with significant protrusions, and to situations where no a priori assumption about the object's topology is made. A single instance of the authors' model, when presented with an image having more than one object of interest, has the ability to split freely to represent each object. This method is based on the ideas developed by Osher and Sethian (1988) to model propagating solid/liquid interfaces with curvature-dependent speeds. The interface (front) is a closed, nonintersecting, hypersurface flowing along its gradient field with constant speed or a speed that depends on the curvature. It is moved by solving a "Hamilton-Jacobi" type equation written for a function in which the interface is a particular level set. A speed term synthesized from the image is used to stop the interface in the vicinity of object boundaries. The resulting equation of motion is solved by employing entropy-satisfying upwind finite difference schemes. The authors present a variety of ways of computing the evolving front, including narrow bands, reinitializations, and different stopping criteria. The efficacy of the scheme is demonstrated with numerical experiments on some synthesized images and some low contrast medical images. >
Increased Carotid Intima–Media Thickness is Associated With Higher SYNTAX Score

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and coronary artery disease (CAD) complexity. Consecutive patients (n = 360) with CAD confirmed by coronary angiography were enrolled. Mean CIMT and the overall SYNTAX score (SXscore) were 0.87 ± 0.12 mm and 15 ± 9, respectively. In univariate analysis, there was a significant correlation between the overall SXscore and CIMT (r = .42, P < .001), age (r = .23, P < .001), hypertension (r = .27, P = 0.001), diabetes (r = 0.11, P = 0.02), smoking (r = .24, P = .01), dyslipidemia (r = .2, P = 0.03), and β-blocker use (r = .19, P < .001). In multivariate analysis, CIMT (β = .34, P < .001) and age (β = .11, P < .019) were independently associated with SXscore. We have demonstrated a significant relation between CIMT and SXscore. Although this study is correlative and no causative conclusions can be drawn, our findings suggest that increased CIMT could reflect complex coronary artery lesions.
Divorce and Remarriage of Orthodox Copts in Egypt: The 2008 State Council Ruling and the Amendment of the 1938 Personal Status Regulations

In June 2008, the 1938 Personal Status Regulations for the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt were amended to limit the grounds for divorce to adultery and change of religion. This revision followed a ruling of the State Council requiring Pope Shenouda III, the head of the Coptic Orthodox Church, to grant a divorced Orthodox Copt a license to remarry. The amendments ended a long-standing conflict between the Egyptian national courts and the Coptic Orthodox Church regarding the effects of judicial divorce: prior to the revision, thousands of couples divorced before the courts were considered by the Church to be still married. However, by restricting the possibilities for Orthodox Copts to obtain a divorce, the 2008 amendments may lead to an increase in conversions to other religious faiths to escape application of the revised 1938 regulations. In this essay, I analyze the 2008 amendments, the State Council ruling, landmark decisions of the Court of Cassation, comments by legal scholars and articles in newspapers, in an effort to assess the current status of divorce and remarriage among Orthodox Copts in Egypt and the problems generated by the application of conflicts rules between non-Muslim personal status laws in case of inter-religious marriages. At the end of the essay, I mention developments that took place in June 2010 after the release of a new ruling by the State Council.
during sleep Reverberation , storage , and postsynaptic propagation of memories

service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the Correction http://www.learnmem. org/cgi/content/full/learnmem;12/1/75 online at: been appended to the original article in this reprint. The correction is also available have correction A correction has been published for this article. The contents of the
In-Cache Query Co-Processing on Coupled CPU-GPU Architectures

Recently, there have been some emerging processor designs that the CPU and the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) are integrated in a single chip and share Last Level Cache (LLC). However, the main memory bandwidth of such coupled CPU-GPU architectures can be much lower than that of a discrete GPU. As a result, current GPU query co-processing paradigms can severely suffer from memory stalls. In this paper, we propose a novel in-cache query co-processing paradigm for main memory On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) databases on coupled CPU-GPU architectures. Specifically, we adapt CPU-assisted prefetching to minimize cache misses in GPU query co-processing and CPU-assisted decompression to improve query execution performance. Furthermore, we develop a cost model guided adaptation mechanism for distributing the workload of prefetching, decompression, and query execution between CPU and GPU. We implement a system prototype and evaluate it on two recent AMD APUs A8 and A10. The experimental results show that 1) in-cache query co-processing can effectively improve the performance of the state-of-the-art GPU co-processing paradigm by up to 30% and 33% on A8 and A10, respectively, and 2) our workload distribution adaption mechanism can significantly improve the query performance by up to 36% and 40% on A8 and A10, respectively.
Parallelized Tensor Train Learning of Polynomial Classifiers

In pattern classification, polynomial classifiers are well-studied methods as they are capable of generating complex decision surfaces. Unfortunately, the use of multivariate polynomials is limited to kernels as in support-vector machines, because polynomials quickly become impractical for high-dimensional problems. In this paper, we effectively overcome the curse of dimensionality by employing the tensor train (TT) format to represent a polynomial classifier. Based on the structure of TTs, two learning algorithms are proposed, which involve solving different optimization problems of low computational complexity. Furthermore, we show how both regularization to prevent overfitting and parallelization, which enables the use of large training sets, are incorporated into these methods. The efficiency and efficacy of our tensor-based polynomial classifier are then demonstrated on the two popular data sets U.S. Postal Service and Modified NIST.