Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dengue Virus Infection with Highly Neutralizing Levels of Cross-Reactive Antibodies Causes Acute Lethal Small Intestinal Pathology without a High Level of Viremia in Mice

ABSTRACT Severe dengue virus (DENV)-associated diseases can occur in patients who have preexisting DENV antibodies (Abs) through antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection. It is well established that during ADE, DENV-antibody immune complexes (ICs) infect Fcγ receptor-bearing cells and increase the systemic viral burden that can be measured in the blood. For protection against infection with DENV serotypes 1 to 4, strongly neutralizing Abs must be elicited to overcome the effect of ADE. Clinical observations in infants who have maternal DENV Abs or recent phase II/III clinical trials with a leading tetravalent dengue vaccine suggested a lack of correlation between Ab neutralization and in vivo disease prevention. In addressing this gap in knowledge, we found that inoculation of ICs formed with serotype cross-reactive Abs that are more than 98% neutralized in vitro promotes high mortality in AG129 mice even though peak viremia was lower than that in direct virus infection. This suggests that the serum viremia level is not always correlated with disease severity. We further demonstrated that infection with the ICs resulted in increased vascular permeability, specifically in the small intestine, accompanied with increased tissue viral load and cytokine production, which can be suppressed by anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) Abs. Flow cytometric analysis identified increased infection in CD11bint CD11cint/hi CD103− antigen-presenting cells by IC inoculation, suggesting that these infected cells may be responsible for the increase in TNF-α production and vascular permeability in the small intestine that lead to mortality in mice. Our findings may have important implications for the development of dengue therapeutics. IMPORTANCE We examined the relationship between the neutralizing level of Abs at the time of infection and subsequent disease progression in a mouse model in order to understand why patients who are shown to have a neutralizing quantity of Abs still allow sufficient DENV replication to induce severe dengue manifestations, which sometimes do not correlate with viremia level. Strikingly, we found that high mortality was induced in AG129 mice by the increase in TNF-α-induced vascular permeability accompanied by an increased viral load, specifically in the small intestine, even when the initial infection level is suppressed to less than 5% and the peak viremia level is not enhanced. This suggests that ADE overcomes the protective efficacy of Abs in a tissue-dependent manner that leads to severe small intestinal pathology. Our findings may serve to address the pathogenic role of Abs on severe dengue disease and also help to develop safe Ab-based therapeutic strategies.
Serum Testosterone Response to High‐Intensity Resistance Training in Male Veteran Sprint Runners

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of an 8-wk high-intensity resistance training program on muscular strength and basal serum testosterone in male veteran sprint runners. Twelve healthy veteran sprint runners, ages 45–79, were recruited as subjects and randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 8) or control (n = 4) group. Measured in both groups before and after the resistance training period were body mass, total skinfolds, isoinertial strength (bench press, leg press), peak torque (knee extensors, knee flexors), and basal testosterone levels. ANOVA revealed significant increases (p < 0.05) in both the isoinertial and isokinetic strength of the experimental group following resistance training. However, no significant increase in basal testosterone level was observed in that group after 8 weeks of resistance training. The results suggest significant improvements in muscular strength in veteran male sprint runners following 8 weeks of high-intensity resistance training. Furthermore, the strength gains are not explained by changes in basal serum testosterone and may be due to neurological, physiological, and morphological factors.
Malignant hyperthermia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a patient during treatment for acute asthma

Acute asthma is well known to provoke complications. We report the case of a patient who needed intubation and mechanical ventilation for acute asthma. Despite a treatment with corticosteroids, bronchodilators, neuromuscular blocking drugs and magnesium sulfate, the situation remained uncontrolled and as a last resort, halothane became necessary. The patient then developed an episode of malignant hyperthermia with fever at 40°C and rhabdomyolysis. At this time, halothane could be stopped and all the symptoms disappeared without modifying the rest of the treatment. Eight days later, he presented with a neuroleptic malignant syndrome following an injection of droperidol. Temperature rose to 42°C, associated with muscle rigidity, sweating, tachycardia and severe circulatatory collapse. The use of dantrolene in association with a symptomatic treatment of the collapse led to a favourable outcome in. Unfortunately, in vitro contracture test could not be performed in this case.
Compiling to categories

It is well-known that the simply typed lambda-calculus is modeled by any cartesian closed category (CCC). This correspondence suggests giving typed functional programs a variety of interpretations, each corresponding to a different category. A convenient way to realize this idea is as a collection of meaning-preserving transformations added to an existing compiler, such as GHC for Haskell. This paper describes such an implementation and demonstrates its use for a variety of interpretations including hardware circuits, automatic differentiation, incremental computation, and interval analysis. Each such interpretation is a category easily defined in Haskell (outside of the compiler). The general technique appears to provide a compelling alternative to deeply embedded domain-specific languages.
Venous thromboembolism in the elderly

Summary While the magnitude of venous thromboembolism (VTE) increases dramatically with advancing age,relatively little is known about the contemporary management of VTE in the elderly and the impact of age on associated short- and long-term outcomes. The objectives of this population-based study were to compare the clinical characteristics,treatment practices,and outcomes of subjects ≥65 years with VTE to those of younger patients.The medical records of residents of the Worcester (MA, USA) metropolitan area with ICD-9 codes consistent with VTE during 1999, 2001, and 2003 were independently validated and reviewed by trained data abstractors. Information about patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, hospital management practices, and hospital and long-term outcomes was collected. There were a total of 1,897 validated events of VTE – 1,048 (55%) occurred in patients ≥65 years of age. Patients ≥65 years were less likely to have “unprovoked” VTE than younger patients.They were less likely to receive parenteral anticoagulation or warfarin as acute treatment. Rates of recurrent VTE did not differ significantly between patients 65 years of age or older compared to younger patients but the adjusted rates of major bleeding were increased approximately two-fold in older patients. In conclusion, advancing age is not a predictor of recurrent VTE but is associated with a significant increase in major bleeding episodes. Physicians treating elderly patients with VTE should continue to base their decisions on clinical characteristics previously shown to impact the risk of recurrent VTE. These decisions must be tempered by our observation that major bleeding occurs frequently in these patients.
Morsa : a scalable approach for large model access

Applying Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) in industrialscale systems requires managing complex models which may be very large. These models must be persisted in a scalable way that allows their manipulation by client applications without fully loading them. In this paper we propose Morsa, an approach that provides scalable access to large models through load on demand; model persistence is supported by a NoSQL database. We discuss some load on demand algorithms and database design alternatives. A prototype that integrates transparently with EMF is presented and its evaluation demonstrates that it is capable of fully loading large models with a limited amount of memory. Moreover, an example model query is shown, exhibiting better performance than the EMF XMI file-based persistence and the most representative model repository, CDO.
The Geopolitics of Land: Population, Security and Territory Viewed from the International Financing of the Land Survey in Bolivia (1996 - 2013)

Taking as its starting point a map of external financing of the rural land survey, this article offers a geopolitical reading of the transnational, project-based sharing out of land in Bolivia. To do so, it draws on Foucault’s interpretative reading of population, security and territory to illustrate how players in the international aid system deployed their territorialities in a manner consistent with the problems they had prioritised. The neoliberal channelling of the territorial claims of indigenous and rural communities in a context of “tied aid,” involving international land surveying companies, the geospatial policing of coca growers and the putting in place of framework conditions for the parcelling out of the territory into concessions, constitute the main keys for interpreting the spatial concentration of funding from players such as the United States, European countries and multilateral organizations prior to 2006. But a chronological analysis of the progress made with the land survey by 2013 also allows this scenario to be contrasted with the “post-neoliberal” shift that has taken place in Bolivia in terms of costs, equity and efficiency brought about by the break with the project-based organization of the land survey.
Validation of a Measure of Psychological Aggression in Same-Sex Couples: Descriptive Data on Perpetration and Victimization and Their Association with Physical Violence

Despite its documented elevated prevalence, psychological aggression in couple relationships rarely receives the same degree of attention as physical aggression. Indeed, psychological violence is much more prevalent than physical violence in couples, and its impact can be just as devastating. Research has recently begun to address psychological aggression in same-sex couples, but the most commonly used questionnaire for assessing intimate partner violence has yet to be fully validated with this population. The two objectives of the present study are (1) to present the first data on the psychometric properties of the psychological aggression scale of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CST2; Straus, Hamby, Boney-McCoy, & Sugarman, 1996) with individuals in same-sex couple relationships, and (2) to examine the relationship between psychological aggression and physical violence in this population. Two hundred eighteen individuals (75 men and 143 women) participated in this study. Results support the factor structure, reliability, and concurrent validity of the psychological aggression scale. Rates of psychological and physical violence are reported, and results indicate that psychological aggression is strongly correlated with physical violence in same-sex couples. Gender differences are highlighted and the importance of developing valid and reliable instruments to measure this construct is emphasized.
On the Dominating Set Problem in Random Graphs

In this paper, we study the {\sc Dominating Set} problem in random graphs. In a random graph, each pair of vertices are joined by an edge with a probability of $p$, where $p$ is a positive constant less than $1$. We show that, given a random graph in $n$ vertices, a minimum dominating set in the graph can be computed in expected $2^{O(\log_{2}^{2}{n})}$ time. For the parameterized dominating set problem, we show that it cannot be solved in expected $O(f(k)n^{c})$ time unless the minimum dominating set problem can be approximated within a ratio of $o(\log_{2}n)$ in expected polynomial time, where $f(k)$ is a function of the parameter $k$ and $c$ is a constant independent of $n$ and $k$. In addition, we show that the parameterized dominating set problem can be solved in expected $O(f(k)n^{c})$ time when the probability $p$ depends on $n$ and equals to $\frac{1}{g(n)}$, where $g(n)< n$ is a monotonously increasing function of $n$ and its value approaches infinity when $n$ approaches infinity.
Conscious Intentions

It has recently been widely argued that all consciousness is perceptual, including the conscious experience of action. This paper argues that there can be a conscious component of the experience of action that is not perceptual. The argument is based on Searle’s concept of “direction of fit” and the conditions of satisfaction of an intention. The conditions of satisfaction of an intention differ from those of a perception. If the intention involved in action is conscious, that conscious mental state cannot be exclusively perceptual. Hence not all consciousness is perceptual.
A comparison study of children's independent mobility in England and Australia

We compared independent mobility (freedom to move around the neighbourhood – or similar – without adult accompaniment) among English and Australian schoolchildren. Parents reported mobility licences granted to their children (e.g. allowing them to cross main roads alone) and accompaniment on local trips. Children reported travel mode to school. We examined associations between mobility licences and independent school journeys, and accompaniment on local trips. Among 10–12-year-olds, English children had more licences than Australian children. Mobility licences were directly associated with independent school journeys among primary but not among secondary schoolchildren who travelled further; and inversely associated with parental accompaniment to other destinations. Influences on parental restrictions should be examined to promote children's independent mobility.
Distibuted Dense Numerical Linear Algebra Algorithms on Massively Parallel Architectures: DPLASMA

We present DPLASMA, a new project related to PLASMA, that operates in the distributed memory regime. It uses a new generic distributed Direct Acyclic Graph engine for high performance computing (DAGuE). Our work also takes advantage of some of the features of DAGuE, such as DAG representation that is independent of problem-size, overlapping of communication and computation, task prioritization, architecture-aware scheduling and management of micro-tasks on distributed architectures that feature heterogeneous many-core nodes. The originality of this engine is that it is capable of translating a sequential nested-loop code into a concise and synthetic format which it can be interpret and then execute in a distributed environment. We consider three common dense linear algebra algorithms, namely: Cholesky, LU and QR factorizations, to investigate their data driven expression and execution in a distributed system. We demonstrate from our preliminary results that our DAG-based approach has the potential to bridge the gap between the peak and the achieved performance that is characteristic in the state-of-the-art distributed numerical softwares on current and emerging architectures.
Factored Orthogonal Matrix-vector Multiplication with Applications to Parallel and Adaptive Eigennltering and Svd 1 Factored Orthogonal Matrix -vector Multiplication with Applications to Parallel and Adaptive Eigennltering and Svd

A novel algorithm is presented for adaptive eigennltering and for updating the singular value decomposition (SVD). It is an improvement upon an earlier developed Jacobi-type SVD updating algorithm, where now the exact orthogonality of the matrix of singular vectors/eigenvectors is guaranteed by storing a minimal factorization. This orthogonality property is known to be crucial for the numerical stability of the overall algorithm. The factored approach leads to a triangular array of rotation cells, implementing an orthogonal matrix-vector multiplication, and a novel array for SVD updating. Both Filiep Vanpoucke is a research assistant of the Belgian N. 1 arrays can be built up of CORDIC processors since the algorithms make exclusive use of orthogonal planar transformations.
Utilizing RNA-Seq data for de novo coexpression network inference

MOTIVATION RNA-Seq experiments have shown great potential for transcriptome profiling. While sequencing increases the level of biological detail, integrative data analysis is also important. One avenue is the construction of coexpression networks. Because the capacity of RNA-Seq data for network construction has not been previously evaluated, we constructed a coexpression network using striatal samples, derived its network properties and compared it with microarray-based networks. RESULTS The RNA-Seq coexpression network displayed scale-free, hierarchical network structure. We detected transcripts groups (modules) with correlated profiles; modules overlap distinct ontology categories. Neuroanatomical data from the Allen Brain Atlas reveal several modules with spatial colocalization. The network was compared with microarray-derived networks; correlations from RNA-Seq data were higher, likely because greater sensitivity and dynamic range. Higher correlations result in higher network connectivity, heterogeneity and centrality. For transcripts present across platforms, network structure appeared largely preserved. From this study, we present the first RNA-Seq data de novo network inference.
Estimation of direct medical cost related to the management of chronic hepatitis C and its complications in South Korea

Background:This study aimed to estimate the direct medical costs of managing chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and its complications based on health-care resources in South Korea. Methods:The study design was multicenter, retrospective, non-interventional, and observational. Between September 2013 and April 2014, health-care resource data from patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus, regardless of genotype, were collected from 8 institutions, including data related to outpatient management, emergency care, and hospitalization. The observation period was between January 2011 and December 2012. The disease state was classified as CHC, compensated cirrhosis (CC), decompensated cirrhosis (DC), or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Results:A total of 445 patients were recruited and mean age was 60.1 ± 12.3 years. Among 155 patients with reported outcomes of antiviral therapy, 107 (69%) had sustained virologic response (SVR). The rate of patients who did not receive antiviral therapy was 52.8% (n = 235). The distribution of disease state was CHC in 307 patients (69.0%), CC in 75 (16.9%), HCC in 45 (10.1%), and DC in 18 (4.0%). All direct medical costs, whether reimbursed or nonreimbursed by the National Health Insurance System, were included. After excluding patients whose observational period was <1 month for each disease status, the mean costs per month increased as disease state progressed (CHC: 77 ± 80 USD; CC: 98 ± 94 USD; DC: 512 ± 1115 USD; HCC: 504 ± 717 USD). The mean total costs per person were 3590 ± 8783 USD, and approximately 72% of patients were reimbursed. When 44 patients with an observation period <1 month were excluded, the mean medical costs per month for patients with CHC who achieved SVR (n = 69) were significantly lower than for those (n = 215) who did not (42 ± 16 vs 79 ± 83 USD, P < 0.001). The cost also tended to be lower for patients with CC with SVR (n = 8) than for those without SVR (n = 70; 48 ± 20 vs 95 ± 96 USD, P = 0.177). The cost of antiviral therapy (pegylated interferon and ribavirin) corresponded to 19.0% of total medical costs and 53.7% of prescription/pharmacy. Conclusion:The direct medical costs increased as disease state progressed from CHC to cirrhosis or HCC. The achievement of SVR by antiviral therapy would decrease the costs.
Sequential versus concurrent languages of labeled conflict-free Petri nets

For structurally deterministic labeled conflict-free Petri nets (PNs), we show that two PNs have identical sequential languages if and only if their concurrent languages are identical as well, and whether a given labeled conflict-free PN is structurally deterministic or not can be checked in polynomial time. We also investigate a number of language-related problems in supervisory control theory for this class of PNs. As it turns out, the properties of controllability, observability, and normality in the sequential framework coincide with that in the concurrent framework.
Les crues de l'Isère à Grenoble et l'aménagement actuel des digues

Resume. — Malgre des travaux d'amenagement visant a preserver les populations riveraines des crues de l'Isere, la ville de Grenoble reste menacee par des inondations. Si depuis plus d'un siecle l'Isere n'a pas connu de grandes crues (1 500 a 2 000 m3/s), de tels dangers ne sont pas a oublier. Un calcul des temps de retour de ces crues permet d'avancer qu'un debit maximum de 1 500 ms/s caracterise une crue centenaire; or le 23 septembre dernier l'Isere a roule 1 000 ms/s a Grenoble et, comme prevu, a deborde en certains points faibles de l'endiguement, prouvant par la l'existence d'un danger permanent. Il semblerait vital d'assurer enfin une protection efficace de l'agglomeration au moins contre les crues de frequence 1/50 et 1/100.
Optimal encoding! - Information Theory constrains article omission in newspaper headlines

In this paper we pursue the hypothesis that the distribution of article omission specifically is constrained by principles of Information Theory (Shannon 1948). In particular, Information Theory predicts a stronger preference for article omission before nouns which are relatively unpredictable in context of the preceding words. We investigated article omission in German newspaper headlines with a corpus and acceptability rating study. Both support our hypothesis: Articles are inserted more often before unpredictable nouns and subjects perceive article omission before predictable nouns as more well-formed than before unpredictable ones. This suggests that information theoretic principles constrain the distribution of article omission in headlines.