Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kajian Proses Islamisasi di Indonesia (Studi Pustaka)

The purpose of this study to describe the entry of Islam to Indonesia and the process of Islamization in Indonesia. The results show that, A). There are three theories about the coming of Islam to Indonesia: 1) The theory of Gujarat by Snouck, said the entry of Islam comes from Gujarat, based on: a) the lack of facts that explain the role of Arabs in spreading Islam to the archipelago. b) Indonesia-India trade relations have been established long time ago. c) The oldest inscription of Islam in Sumatra illustrate the relationship between Sumatra with Gujarat. 2) Theory of Makkah, Hamka declare the entry of Islam to Indonesia first century H / 7 M, 3) The theory of its review to the Persian culture among Indonesian Islamic community have similarities with the Persians, among others: a) the 10th anniversary of Ashura Muharram or as a memorial day for the deaths of Shiite martyrdom of Husain. b) their clear affinity between Shaikh Siti jenar with Iranian Sufi Al-Hallaj. c) use of the term Iranian language in Arabic letters spelling system. d) a headstone on the grave Malikus Saleh (1297) and the tomb of Malik Ibrahim (1419) in Gresik booked from Gujarat.
Dynamic application flow cluster based on traffic behavior distance

New network applications as well as security threats are emerging in an endless stream. However, existing methods cannot efficiently identify and classify the new-born application traffic, which makes it difficult for network administrators to learn about the status of current network. This paper presents a method to dynamically cluster application flows. In this method, an unsupervised classification algorithm, X-means is used to dynamically analyze network traffic, and cluster flows with similar behavior to one aggregation, which may be generated by the same application or malware. In this paper, we propose the concept of traffic behavior distance which is based on Euclidean Distance, in order to compute the similarity of flows. Based on the generated traffic clusters, administrators can easily learn about what applications are running and whether there's a new application or anomaly. The results of the experiment show good performance of our proposed method.
Current Approaches to Search Result Diversification

With the growth of the Web and the variety of search engine users, Web search efectiveness and user satisfaction can be improved by diversirication. This paper surveys recent approaches to search result diversification in both full text and structured content search. We identify commonalities in the proposed methods describing an overall framework for result diversification. We discuss diferent diversity dimensions and measures as well as possible ways of considering the relevance / diversity trade-off. We also summarise existing efforts evaluating diversity in search. Moreover, for each of these steps, we point out aspects which are missing in current approaches as possible directions for future work.
Low speed sensorless control of an induction motor fed by multilevel converter to reduce current distortion

The paper introduces a new scheme to track the rotor position of an induction motor. The scheme uses the measurement of current derivatives during null switching vectors of a standard PWM scheme and reduces the minimum pulse widths required to allow high frequency switching oscillations to die down. The motor current distortion is therefore also reduced. The method uses H-Bridges connected in series with the main converter. This configuration has the same characteristics as the multilevel converters proposed for high power induction motor drives. The H-Bridges can be used to produce low voltage test vectors during the null vector which can provide a good rotor position estimation with very low additional current distortion. The paper will present experimental results which show the potential capability for sensorless speed control.
QDYBE: some explicit formulas for exchange matrix and related objects in case of sl(2), q=1

This mainly tutorial paper is intended as a somewhat larger example for parts of the theory exposed in the Lectures on the dynamical Yang-Baxter equations by P. Etingof and O. Schiffmann, math.QA/9908064. We explicitly compute the matrix entries of the intertwining operator, fusion matrix and exchange matrix associated to sl(2,R) for q=1.We also consider the weighted trace function and the dual Macdonald-Ruijsenaars equation for this particular case. As expected, the matrix entries of the exchange matrix turn out to be Racah polynomials. However, the road to their explicit formula via the fusion matrix is quick, and it also yields an interesting way to derive their orthogonality relations.
An achievable rate region for Broadcast-Relay Networks with partial cooperation between relays

In this paper, we consider a different strategy for Broadcast-Relay-Networks (BRN) with two relays. There are a transmitter, two relays and two receivers in this network. The message of the transmitter intended to the receivers, has both common and private parts. The relays partially cooperate with each other and with the transmitter to send the common part of the message. The private parts of the message are sent to the corresponding receiver by the cooperation of the corresponding relay. We propose an achievable rate region for this network. In the proof, we take advantage of regular encoding/sliding window decoding at relays and simultaneous backward decoding analysis at receivers. The partial cooperation between relays is managed by symmetric relaying strategy. We will show that two special cases of our achievable rate region are: 1) Kramer's achievable rate region for Broadcast-Relay-Channel (BRC), 2) Salehkalaibar's achievable rate region for Broadcast-Relay-Network (BRN), by the assumption that the private parts are relaxed in these two models. This assumption is suitable for comparison of the BC models, because the main point in broadcasting is managing the common parts of the message. The private parts are defined according to application of the network. Obviously, the proposed achievable rate region includes Ghabeli's rate for the symmetric two-relay network.
Impact of Amending the Acetylcysteine Marketing Authorisation on Treatment of Paracetamol Overdose

In September 2012, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) substantially amended the Marketing Authorisation for acetylcysteine following an extensive review. The present study examined the impact of this license change on patterns of acetylcysteine use in patients presenting to hospital after paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose. Between September 2011 and April 2013, 785 consecutive patients presented to York Hospital due to paracetamol overdose, and a before-after analysis was used to compare outcomes. There were 483 patients before and 302 patients after the license amendment, and age, gender, acute or staggered overdose pattern, and dose were similar in both groups. In the patients with paracetamol concentrations between the “100-line” and “200-line,” a significantly higher proportion received acetylcysteine treatment (51% before versus 98% after, P = 0.0029), as expected. A modest increase was also observed in relation to late or staggered overdose or cases where the time of ingestion was uncertain (53% versus 74%, P = 0.0430). The median duration of hospital stay increased across the entire study population, from 15 to 24 hours (P = 0.0159) due to the increased proportion of patients requiring acetylcysteine treatment. The findings indicate that the MHRA amendment is a financially costly intervention, and further studies are needed to examine clinical outcomes so that its cost effectiveness might be addressed.
Observed Body Clustering for Imitation Based on Value System

In order to develop skills, actions, and behavior in a human symbiotic environment, a robot must learn something from behavior observation of predecessors or humans. Recently, robotic imitation methods based on many approaches have been proposed. We have proposed reinforcement learning based approaches for the imitation and investigated them under an assumption that an observer recognizes the body parts of the performer and maps them to the ones of its own. However, the assumption is not always applicable because of physical differences between the performer and the observer. In order to learn various behaviors from the observation, the robot has to cluster the observed body area of the performer on the camera image and maps the clustered parts to its own body parts based on reasonable criterion for itself and feedback the data for the imitation. This paper shows that the clustering the body area on the camera image into the body parts of its own based on the estimation of the state value in a framework of reinforcement learning as well as it imitates the observed behavior based on the state value estimation. Clustering parameters are updated based on the temporal difference error analogously so the parameters of the state value function of the behavior are updated based on the temporal difference error. The validity of the proposed method is investigated by applying it to an imitation of a dynamic throwing motion of an inverted pendulum robot and human.
Once learned, never forgotten: effective leadership development with social construction as a threshold concept

Purpose This paper aims to discuss leadership development with social construction as the underpinning theory. Design/methodology/approach This is an autoethnographic study of the author’s insights from teaching leadership from a social construction perspective. Findings The social construction approach to leadership looks and behaves as a threshold concept in leadership. It takes students’ learning to a higher level, opens up a new curriculum, and changes their understanding of leadership for good. Originality/value The discovery that the social construction approach to leadership looks and behaves as a threshold concept suggests that there is something fundamentally important with this perspective. It positions the social construction approach as an overarching theory that helps students re-evaluate, appreciate, and find value in traditional leadership theories.
Effective and Efficient Scheduling of Certifiable Mixed-Criticality Sporadic Task Systems

An increasing trend in embedded system design is to integrate components with different levels of criticality into a shared hardware platform for better cost and power efficiency. Such mixed-criticality systems are subject to certifications at different levels of rigorousness, for validating the correctness of different subsystems on various confidence levels. The real-time scheduling of certifiable mixed-criticality systems has been recognized to be a challenging problem, where using traditional scheduling techniques may result in unacceptable resource waste. In this paper we present an algorithm called PLRS to schedule certifiable mixed-criticality sporadic tasks systems. PLRS uses fixed-job-priority scheduling, and assigns job priorities by exploring and balancing the asymmetric effects between the workload on different criticality levels. Comparing with the state-of-the-art algorithm by Li and Baruah for such systems, which we refer to as LB, PLRS is both more effective and more efficient: (i) The schedulability test of PLRS not only theoretically dominates, but also on average significantly outperforms LB's. (ii) The run-time complexity of PLRS is polynomial (quadratic in the number of tasks), which is much more efficient than the pseudo-polynomial run-time complexity of LB.
Machine Learning Approaches to Automatic BI-RADS Classification of Mammography Reports

The average American radiologist interprets at least 1,777 mammogram reports each year, or approximately one new mammogram every 70 minutes [1]. Because radiologists interpret so many mammograms and because the proper interpretation of a screening mammogram is often a matter of life or death for the woman involved, various attempts have been made to streamline the mammography reporting process and introduce consistent structure and terminology into mammography reports. One important advance is the BI-RADS assessment coding scheme (Figure 1), a seven-level classification used to summarize a report and classify it into a distinct category based on the radiologist’s overall assessment of the case. The BI-RADS assessment codes are designed to be translatable across physicians and institutions, and to serve as a basis for clinical follow-up. They also provide a convenient tool for researchers, since the codes are machineinterpretable and can be used in lieu of unstructured textbased diagnoses in large-scale clinical studies.
Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis: Human Exposure through Environmental and Domestic Aerosols

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) causes Johne’s disease in animals and is significantly associated with Crohn’s disease (CD) in humans. Our previous studies have shown Map to be present in U.K. rivers due to land deposition from chronic livestock infection and runoff driven by rainfall. The epidemiology of CD in Cardiff showed a significant association with the River Taff, in which Map can be detected on a regular basis. We have previously hypothesized that aerosols from the river might influence the epidemiology of CD. In this preliminary study, we detected Map by quantitative PCR in one of five aerosol samples collected above the River Taff. In addition, we examined domestic showers from different regions in the U.K. and detected Map in three out of 30 independent samples. In detecting Map in river aerosols and those from domestic showers, this is the first study to provide evidence that aerosols are an exposure route for Map to humans and may play a role in the epidemiology of CD.
CELL-TO-CELL INTERACTION IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

Collaboration between thymus-derived lymphocytes and nonthymus-derived antibody-forming cell precursors occurs in the primary antibody response of mice to heterologous erythrocytes and serum proteins. The purpose of the experiments reported here was to determine whether collaboration took place in an adoptive secondary antibody response. A chimeric population of lymphocytes was produced by reconstituting neonatally thymectomized CBA mice soon after birth with (CBA x C57BL)F1 thymus lymphocytes. These mice could be effectively primed to fowl immunoglobulin G (FγG) and their thoracic duct lymphocytes adoptively transferred memory responses to irradiated mice. The activity of these cells was impaired markedly by preincubation with CBA anti-C57BL serum and to a lesser extent by anti-θ-serum. Reversal of this deficiency was obtained by adding T cells in the form of thoracic duct cells from normal CBA mice. Cells from FγG-primed mice were at least 10 times as effective as cells from normal mice or from CBA mice primed to horse erythrocytes. These results were considered to support the concept that memory resides in the T cell population and that collaboration between T and B cells is necessary for an optimal secondary antibody response. Poor antibody responses were obtained in irradiated mice given mixtures of thoracic duct cells from primed mice and of B cells from unprimed mice (in the form of spleen or thoracic duct cells from thymectomized donors). In contrast to the situation with T cells, the deficiency in the B cell population could not be reversed by adding B cells from unprimed mice. It was considered that memory resides in B cells as well as in T cells and that priming probably entails a change in the B cell population which is fundamentally different from that produced in the T cell population.
Young Adults' Assimilation of Parental Divorce: A Developmental Elaboration of the Assimilation Model

YOUNG ADULTS‘ ASSIMILATION OF PARENTAL DIVORCE: A DEVELOPMENTAL ELABORATION OF THE ASSIMILATION MODEL By Jonathan L. Fishman This study was an exploratory project that used the lens of the assimilation model (Stiles, 2002) to study parental divorce. It took a developmental approach, suggesting that Erikson‘s psychosocial stages, and McAdams‘s research on life stories could be incorporated within the assimilation model to improve its ability to understand the experience of parental divorce among young adults. Three women between the ages of 18 and 25 were interviewed for approximately 2.5 hours about their experience of childhood parental divorce. Their interviews were then studied to understand how each of the women‘s ability to narrate her experience of her parents‘ divorce was tied to their ability to master their current developmental tasks. This study suggested that participants‘ ability to narrate their experience of parental divorce was tied not only to their assimilation of this experience, but also to their success in mastering their current developmental stage. YOUNG ADULTS‘ ASSIMILATION OF PARENTAL DIVORCE: A DEVELOPMENTAL ELABORATION OF THE ASSIMILATION MODEL
Brain Games as a Potential Nonpharmaceutical Alternative for the Treatment of ADHD

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed childhood neurobehavioral disorder, affecting approximately 5.5 million children, of which approximately 66% take ADHD medication daily. This study investigated a potential nonpharmaceutical alternative to address the academic engagement of 5th through 11th grade students (n = 10) diagnosed with ADHD. Participants were asked to play “brain games” for a minimum of 20 minutes each morning before school for 5 weeks. Engagement was measured at three points in time using electroencephalogram, parent and teacher reports, researcher observations, and participant self-reports. An analysis of the data supports the hypothesis that daily use of brain games can help strengthen focusing ability and executive functioning in adolescents with ADHD. The results provide hope for those searching for an alternative or supplement to medication as a means of helping students with ADHD engage in the classroom.
Zymographic analyses and measurement of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in nipple aspirate fluids.

cular disease (3 ). Such high concentrations of circulating adhesion molecules may be of interest for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, as demonstrated for ICAM-1 and P-selectin, which provide useful information in healthy individuals and in patients with cardiovascular diseases (9 ). However, reference values for healthy children and adults have not been defined. In the current study, we measured serum ICAM-1 and E-, P-, and L-selectin concentrations and determined their age and sex-specific reference intervals over a wide age range (4–55 years) in a healthy population of both sexes. Earlier studies dealing with serum adhesion molecule (ICAM-1 and E-selectin) concentrations in healthy pediatric populations pointed to an age dependency (10–12). In this study, we observed that mean serum ICAM-1 and E-, P-, and L-selectin concentrations steadily decrease during childhood. ICAM-1 and P-selectin concentrations did not vary with age in adulthood, whereas L-selectin decreased in both sexes and E-selectin increased in women only. Although the decrease in adhesion molecule concentrations with age in children has already been described, its physiologic significance during normal development is unknown. Authors of previous studies in adults observed that ICAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin concentrations did not vary with age between 18 and 65 years (3, 5, 8, 10, 13, 14), but the decrease in L-selectin during adulthood has not been described. ICAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin concentrations display a significant sex dependency only in adults, with men having higher concentrations than women. These sex-related differences, as reported previously in healthy adults (8, 14–16), are probably partly attributable to steroid hormones, especially estrogen. Indeed, healthy postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy had lower concentrations of these adhesion molecules than controls not on replacement therapy (7, 17, 18), and in vitro studies have shown negative regulation of adhesion molecule expression by estrogen (19 ). In conclusion, we have shown that serum ICAM-1 and E-, P-, and L-selectin concentrations are age-dependent in childhood and sex-dependent in adulthood. Application of ageand sex-adjusted reference intervals appears to be necessary. These findings emphasize the need to use age(for children) and sex-matched controls (for adults) in all analyses of the possible clinical impact of circulating concentrations of adhesion molecules.
Image Hiding Algorithm Based on Displacement Block on Odd-Even Layer

Base on the thought of shifting histogram, a new reversible data hiding algorithm is proposed. This method utilizes two adjacent pixels of which difference is 1 to hide information, for the sake of improving payload, odd-even layer adopt different block mode and modification methods for gray values. Plenty of experimental results show that, comparing with other algorithm, the proposed method has advantages of large hiding capacity and high quality of carrier image after hiding information.
Revenue Divergence and Competitive Balance in a Divisional Sports League

The North American model of resource allocation in professional sports leagues is adapted for English (association) football. Comparisons are drawn between the equilibrium allocations of playing talent under objective functions of profit maximisation and win percent maximisation subject to a financial constraint. Empirical revenue functions are reported for 1926-1999. These indicate a shift in the composition of demand favouring big-city teams and an increase in the sensitivity of revenue to performance. An analysis of match results in the FA Cup suggests an increase in competitive imbalance between teams at different levels of the league's divisional hierarchy, as the theory suggests. Copyright (c) Scottish Economic Society 2004.
An arm neon optimised image abstraction method utilising the cosine integral image method

In this paper we present a fast implementation of an automatic non-photorealistic image processing technique which transforms an input image frame of a video stream into a non-photorealistic abstracted cartoon stylised render. The approach presented utilises a fast cosine integral image method to create a separable bilateral filtering stage which operates in constant time. This is subsequently put through a colour quantisation stage and combined with an edge overlay system to generate the abstracted image output. The algorithm is implemented with OpenCV on a Beagleboard-xM running Angstrom GNU/Linux to demonstrate the improved performance obtained utilising the cosine integral image bilateral filter over the OpenCV standard bilateral filter implementation, and to demonstrate further performance improvements can be obtained through utilising optimised routines on the ARM NEON floating point unit of the Beagleboard-xM.
Learning in games with more than two players

We address the problem of learning in repeated N-player (as opposed to 2-player) general-sum games. We describe an extension to existing criteria focusing explicitly on such settings. While there have been several criteria proposed recently for evaluating learning algorithms in multi-agent systems, most of this work has focused on the two-player setting. Relatively little work has addressed situations in which there are a mixture of several agents using the algorithm in consideration against opponents using other algorithms. Roughly speaking, our proposed criteria require that the agents employing the particular learning algorithm work together to achieve a joint best-response against a target class of opponents, while guaranteeing they each achieve at least their individual security-level payoff against any possible set of opponents outside this target class. We then provide algorithms that provably meet these criteria for two target classes: stationary strategies and adaptive strategies with a bounded memory. We also demonstrate that the algorithm for stationary strategies outperforms existing algorithms in tests spanning a wide variety of repeated games with more than two players.