Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Corrosion Inhibition by an Ion Pair Reagent-Zn2+ System

Inhibition of corrosion of carbon steel in dam water (Tamil Nadu, India) by Pentane sulphonicacid as its sodium salt (SPS)-Zinc ion system has been studied using weight-loss and potentiodynamic polarization methods. Results of weight loss method indicated that inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. Polarization study reveals that SPS-Zn 2+ system functions as a cathodic inhibitor. AC impedance spectra reveal that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. The nature of protective film formed on the metal surface has been analysed by FTIR spectra and AFM analysis. From the results of above studies a suitable mechanism for corrosion inhibition is proposed.
A Joint Identification-Separation Technique for Single Channel Speech Separation

We present a generalized approach to speaker dependent model-based single channel speech separation techniques in which a priori knowledge of the underlying speakers is used to separate speech signals. For this purpose, we add an identification stage by which we first identify the underlying speakers in the mixture and then use the identified speakers' model to separate speech signals. The proposed technique not only preserves the advantages of model-based speaker dependent single channel speech separation algorithms (i.e. high separability) but also is able to separate the speech signals of an unlimited number of speakers given the speakers' models (i.e. generality). Evaluation results conducted on a database consisting of 100 mixed speech signals with target-to-interference ratios (TIR) ranging -9 dB to +9 dB show significant performance improvements over those techniques which use a single model for all speakers
Choosing the content of textual summaries of large time-series data sets

Natural Language Generation (NLG) can be used to generate textual summaries of numeric data sets. In this paper we develop an architecture for generating short (a few sentences) summaries of large (100KB or more) time-series data sets. The architecture integrates pattern recognition, pattern abstraction, selection of the most significant patterns, microplanning (especially aggregation), and realisation. We also describe and evaluate SumTime-Turbine, a prototype system which uses this architecture to generate textualsummaries of sensor data from gas turbines.
Modelling the global competing risks of a potential interaction between injectable hormonal contraception and HIV risk

Background:Some, but not all, observational studies have suggested an increase in the risk of HIV acquisition for women using injectable hormonal contraception (IHC). Methods:We used country-level data to explore the effects of reducing IHC use on the number of HIV infections, the number of live births and the resulting net consequences on AIDS deaths and maternal mortality for each country. Results:High IHC use coincides with high HIV incidence primarily in southern and eastern Africa. If IHC increases the risk of HIV acquisition, this could generate 27 000–130 000 infections per year globally, 87–88% of which occur in this region. Reducing IHC use could result in fewer HIV infections but also a substantial increase in live births and maternal mortality in countries with high IHC use, high birth rates and high maternal mortality: mainly southern and eastern Africa, South-East Asia, and Central and South America. For most countries, the net impact of reducing IHC use on maternal and AIDS-related deaths is dependent on the magnitude of the assumed IHC–HIV interaction. Conclusions:If IHC use increases HIV acquisition risk, reducing IHC could reduce new HIV infections; however, this must be balanced against other important consequences, including unintended pregnancy, which impacts maternal and infant mortality. Unless the true effect size approaches a relative risk of 2.19, it is unlikely that reductions in IHC could result in public health benefit, with the possible exception of those countries in southern Africa with the largest HIV epidemics.
Gender and Race in Children's Picture Books: A Tragedy in Three Studies

ii Chapter 1 – Introduction . 1 Chapter 2 – Gender in children’s picture books: The impact of parental decisions . 16 Chapter 3 – Gender in children’s library checkouts: The impact of children’s decisions 57 Chapter 4 – Gender in assigned reading: The impact of teachers’ decisions . 94 Bibliography . 135
Application-driven adaptive fixed-point refinement for SDRs

Wireless interfaces implement and increasing number of different standards. For cost effectiveness, flexible radio implementations are preferred over the multiplication of dedicated solutions. Software Defined Radios (SDR) have been introduced as the ultimate way to achieve such flexibility. However, the reduced energy budget required by battery-powered solutions makes the typical worst-case static dimensioning unaffordable under highly dynamic operating conditions. Instead, energy-scalable algorithms and implementations are entailed to provide flexibility while maintaining the required energy efficiency. Particularly, energy-scalable implementations can exploit data-format properties to offer different tradeoffs between accuracy and energy. In this paper, an application-driven adaptive fixed-point refinement methodology is proposed. The latter derives the minimum word-lengths which respect a user-defined degradation on the application performance. This technique is applied to the fixed-point refinement of a Near-ML MIMO (Multiple Inputs, Multiple Outputs) detector. Variations on the minimum required precision depending on external conditions are made explicit. Finally, on a processor platform these variations can be translated into reduced cycles and energy by leveraging on sub-word parallel implementations.
Design Research in the Technology of Information Systems: Truth or Dare

This essay develops the philosophical foundations for design research in the Technology of Information Systems (TIS). Traditional writings on philosophy of science cannot fully describe this mode of research, which dares to intervene and improve to realize alternative futures instead of explaining or interpreting the past to discover truth. Accordingly, in addition to philosophy of science, the essay draws on writings about the act of designing, philosophy of technology and the substantive (IS) discipline. I define design research in TIS as in(ter)vention in the representational world defined by the hierarchy of concerns following semiotics. The complementary nature of the representational (internal) and real (external) environments provides the basis to articulate the dual ontological and epistemological bases. Understanding design research in TIS in this manner suggests operational principles in the internal world as the form of knowledge created by design researchers, and artifacts that embody these are seen as situated instantiations of normative theories that affect the external phenomena of interest. Throughout the paper, multiple examples illustrate the arguments. Finally, I position the resulting ‘method’ for design research vis-a-vis existing research methods and argue for its legitimacy as a viable candidate for research in the IS discipline.
Self-awareness rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury: A pilot study to compare two group therapies

Background and Purpose: Deficits of self-awareness (SA) are very common after severe acquired brain injury (sABI), especially in traumatic brain injury (TBI), playing an important role in the efficacy of the rehabilitation process. This pilot study provides information regarding two structured group therapies for disorders of SA. Methods: Nine patients with severe TBI were consecutively recruited and randomly assigned to one SA group therapy programme, according either to the model proposed by Ben-Yishay & Lakin (1989) (B&L Group), or by Sohlberg & Mateer (1989) (S&M Group). Neuropsychological tests and self-awareness questionnaires were administered before and after a 10 weeks group therapy. Results: Results showed that both SA and neuropsychological functioning significantly improved in both groups. Conclusion: It is important to investigate and treat self-awareness, also to improve the outcome of neuropsychological disorders. The two group therapies proposed seem to be specific for impulsivity and emotional dyscontrol and for cognitive disorders.
Transport capacity of wireless networks: beneﬁts from multi-access computation coding

We consider the effect on the transport capacity of wireless networks of different physical layer coding mechanisms. We compare the performance of traditional channel coding techniques, turning the wireless network in reliable point-to-point channels, with multi-access computation coding, in which nodes receive functions of messages transmitted by different neighbours. In both cases, network coding is used on higher layers. For one-dimensional networks, the beneﬁt in transport capacity of computation-coding over point-to-point channels is a factor of 2; for two-dimensional networks, we show it to be at least 2.5.
PREDICTION OF THE OPTIC NERVE DISEASE FROM VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIAL SIGNALS USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

In this paper, we purpose a diagnostic procedure to identify the optic nerve disease from visual evoked potential (VEP) signals using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Multilayer feed forward ANN trained with a Levenberg Marquart backpropagation algorithm was implemented. The correct classification rate was 96.87% for subjects having optic nerve disease and 96.66% for healthy subjects. The end results are classified as healthy and diseased. Testing results were found to be compliant with the expected results that are derived from the physician’s direct diagnosis, angiography, VEP and pattern electroretinography. The stated results show that the proposed method could point out the ability of design of a new intelligent assistance diagnosis system.
Mapping II: News media mapping, new mediated geovisualities, mapping and verticality

This report considers the role for cartographic visualization in the news media in relation to issues around its effectiveness and ethics. I consider extended notions of the map as geovisualities, with a focus on work analysing the significance of location-based services, spatial media and playful mapping praxis. The notion of geovisualities also has utility in relation to the challenge to ‘flat’ cartography from the new focus on verticality in human geography. Various elevations grant differential viewpoints, lead to interesting kinds of mapping, driven forward largely by technical and commercial imperatives, but they are also ripe for critical scholarship.
APM 08279+5255: An Ultraluminous Broad Absorption Line Quasar at a Redshift z = 3.87

We report on the discovery of a highly luminous, broad absorption line quasar at a redshift of z = 3.87, which is positionally coincident, within 1'', with the IRAS Faint Source Catalog source F08279+5255. A chance alignment of the quasar and the IRAS source is extremely unlikely, and we argue that the optical and far-infrared flux are different manifestations of the same object. With an R-band magnitude of 15.2 and an IRAS 60 μm flux of 0.51 Jy, APM 08279+5255 is (apparently) easily the most intrinsically luminous object known, with LBol ~ 5 × 1015 L☉. Optical CCD photometry of the system, taken in good seeing, shows evidence that the system is slightly elongated. Although these data are consistent with the superposition of the quasar on a vastly luminous galaxy, we argue that a more likely scenario is that the optical image implies the presence of two unresolved point sources. Such a configuration suggests that gravitational lensing may play a significant role in amplifying the intrinsic properties of the system. Point-spread function fitting of two discrete sources gives a separation of ~0. ″4 and an intensity ratio ~1.1. The optical spectrum of the quasar clearly reveals the presence of three potential lensing galaxies, Mg II absorption systems at z = 1.18 and z = 1.81, and a damped Lyα absorption system at z = 3.07. Additional, as yet unseen, lensing galaxies may also be present. We estimate the total amplification of the optical component to be ≈ 40 but, owing to the larger scale of the emitting region, would expect the infrared amplification to be significantly less. Even making the conservative assumption that all wavelengths are amplified by a factor 40, APM 08279+5255 still possesses a phenomenal luminosity of ≳1014 L☉, indicating that it belongs to a small but significant population of high-redshift, hyperluminous objects with copious infrared emission.
NA clustering and genome complexity

Early global measures of genome complexity (power spectra, the analysis of fluctuations in DNA walks or compositional segmentation) uncovered a high degree of complexity in eukaryotic genome sequences. The main evolutionary mechanisms leading to increases in genome complexity (i.e. gene duplication and transposon proliferation) can all potentially produce increases in DNA clustering. To quantify such clustering and provide a genome-wide description of the formed clusters, we developed GenomeCluster, an algorithm able to detect clusters of whatever genome element identified by chromosome coordinates. We obtained a detailed description of clusters for ten categories of human genome elements, including functional (genes, exons, introns), regulatory (CpG islands, TFBSs, enhancers), variant (SNPs) and repeat (Alus, LINE1) elements, as well as DNase hypersensitivity sites. For each category, we located their clusters in the human genome, then quantifying cluster length and composition, and estimated the clustering level as the proportion of clustered genome elements. In average, we found a 27% of elements in clusters, although a considerable variation occurs among different categories. Genes form the lowest number of clusters, but these are the longest ones, both in bp and the average number of components, while the shortest clusters are formed by SNPs. Functional and regulatory elements (genes, CpG islands, TFBSs, enhancers) show the highest clustering level, as compared to DNase sites, repeats (Alus, LINE1) or SNPs. Many of the genome elements we analyzed are known to be composed of clusters of low-level entities. In addition, we found here that the clusters generated by GenomeCluster can be in turn clustered into highlevel super-clusters. The observation of ‘clusters-within-clusters’ parallels the ‘domains within domains’ phenomenon previously detected through global statistical methods in eukaryotic sequences, and reveals a complex human genome landscape dominated by hierarchical clustering. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Optimal Corporate Activities under Uncertainty and Competition

An outline of objectives Commercial enterprises are considered moving for maximizing their expected payoff. Traditional Net Present Value (NPV) method is one of the measures of investment decision. But static NPV method has its limits, since there is a lot of uncertainty in business situations so that actual profit includes a lot of risk. Intuitively, one can see that more alternatives that can react to uncertainty give larger value. Real options show the intuition in mathematics objectively. Then, their expected payoff is affected variously by the environment where they are active. They must decide timing of decision that maximizes their expected payoff in considering these effects. This dissertation focuses on “uncertainty of profit” and “competition” in these effects. Corporate activities under uncertainty are analyzed by real options approach, and under competition by game theory. Real options approach is based on financial option theory, so it assumes that there are no interactions between all the agents. In financial market, there are many agents so that individual interactions disappear. However, in actual asset market, there is a lot of strategic interactions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider strategic interactions in real options approach. On the other hand, corporate activities include some stages depending on the life cycle of the project. First, a firm will enter a new market by initial investment on a new project. Second, it will extend the project when demand increases, and reduce when demand decreases. Or, it will stop the project when demand decreases, and restart when demand recovers. Finally, it exits the market when it can not remain in the market. Each stage has different real options and games. Therefore, each stage needs to be analyzed individually. This dissertation is intended to analyze optimal corporate activities in each stage under uncertainty and competition by using game theoretic real options approach. This dissertation deals with duopoly to simplify its competition.
noncoding RNAs in six mammals Evolutionary dynamics and tissue specificity of human long Material Supplemental

Material Supplemental http://genome.cshlp. org/content/suppl/2014/02/10/gr.165035. 113.DC1. html References http://genome.cshlp. org/content/24/4/616.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 46 articles, 24 of which can be accessed free at: License Commons Creative . http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ described at a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported), as ). After six months, it is available under http://genome.cshlp. org/site/misc/terms.xhtml first six months after the full-issue publication date (see This article is distributed exclusively by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the
Mitochondrial DNA Subhaplogroups L0a2 and L2a Modify Susceptibility to Peripheral Neuropathy in Malawian Adults on Stavudine Containing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Background:Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is one of the main toxicities associated with stavudine. Genetic variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been associated with increased risk of developing PN in European non-Hispanic and black patients on stavudine containing antiretroviral therapy (ART). We investigated mtDNA haplogroups and their role in susceptibility to stavudine-induced peripheral in Malawian patients on ART. Method:Two hundred and fifteen adults on stavudine containing regimens were recruited from the ART clinic at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, into a cross-sectional study to investigate the effects of genetic variants in mtDNA of individuals in relation to response to treatment. Patients were categorized according to whether or not they had developed PN after a minimum of 6 months on stavudine containing ART. Whole mtDNA coding regions of each patient were sequenced, and CD4 count, viral load, and creatinine were determined. The mtDNA variation was correlated with clinical characteristics. Results:Fifty-three (25%) of the participants developed PN after starting stavudine containing ART. Mitochondrial DNA subhaplogroup L0a2 was independently associated with increased risk of PN in a multivariate model (odds ratio, 2.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 4.39; P = 0.019), and subhaplogroup L2a was independently associated with reduced risk of PN (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.16 to 0.94; P = 0.036). Conclusions:Genetic variation in mtDNA confers differential risk of developing PN in patients on stavudine containing ART among Malawians.
Structure of the Thai Web Graph

This paper presents structural properties of the Thai Web graph. We conduct an empirical study on the Web graphs induced from two Thai web snapshots crawled during January 2007 (5.7 M nodes and 12 M directed edges) and May 2007 (18.8 M nodes and 70 M directed edges). From each Thai web snapshot, we extract statistical and structural properties of the associated graph including degree distribution, weakly and strongly connected components, and macroscopic structure. Our main findings are: (1) Although differing in scale and sampled time both samples of the Thai Web exhibit similar graphical properties, and (2) The macroscopic structure of the Thai Web differs from other Web subgraphs studied earlier.
Towards a computer-aided diagnosis system for colon motility dysfunctions

Colon motility disorders are a very common problem. A precise diagnosis with current methods is almost unachievable. This makes it extremely difficult for the clinical experts to decide for the right intervention such as colon resection. The use of cine MRI for visualizing the colon motility is a very promising technique. In addition, if image segmentation and qualitative motion analysis provide the necessary tools, it could provide the appropriate diagnostic solution. In this work we defined necessary steps in the image processing workflow to gain valuable measurements for a computer aided diagnosis of colon motility disorders. For each step, we developed methods to deal with the dynamic image data. There is need for compensating the breathing motion since no respiratory gating could be used. We segment the colon using a graph cuts approach in 2D and 3D for further analysis and visualization. The analysis of the large bowel motility is done by tracking the extension of the colon during a propagating peristaltic wave. The main objective of this work is to extract a motion model to define a clinical index that can be used in diagnosis of large bowel motility dysfunction. We aim at the classification and localization of such pathologies.
An Intelligent Controlled Islanding Scheme for power systems

In this paper a new Intelligent Controlled Islanding Scheme (ICIS) able to change its behavior according to the state of the system is presented. As a first step, generators are classified into coherent groups by means of a recursive clustering algorithm applied to the measurements delivered by Phasor Measurement Units (PMU). In a second, tie-lines to be opened in order to create the islands are determined by means of concepts based on graph theory, shortest electrical distance and active power imbalance. A reduced frequency response model is employed to determine the power imbalance limits on each island. Finally, a DC power flow based procedure is used to assess and control possible overloads after islanding. The 39 bus - New England System is used to test proposed islanding scheme showing its capability to avoid power systems collapse.
PERSPECTIVE - Researchers Should Make Thoughtful Assessments Instead of Null-Hypothesis Significance Tests

Null-hypothesis significance tests (NHSTs) have received much criticism, especially during the last two decades. Yet many behavioral and social scientists are unaware that NHSTs have drawn increasing criticism, so this essay summarizes key criticisms. The essay also recommends alternative ways of assessing research findings. Although these recommendations are not complex, they do involve ways of thinking that many behavioral and social scientists find novel. Instead of making NHSTs, researchers should adapt their research assessments to specific contexts and specific research goals, and then explain their rationales for selecting assessment indicators. Researchers should show the substantive importance of findings by reporting effect sizes and should acknowledge uncertainty by stating confidence intervals. By comparing data with naive hypotheses rather than with null hypotheses, researchers can challenge themselves to develop better theories. Parsimonious models are easier to understand, and they generalize more reliably. Robust statistical methods tolerate deviations from assumptions about samples.