Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Flint Food Store Survey: combining spatial analysis with a modified Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S) to measure the community and consumer nutrition environments

Abstract Objective The goal of the present study was to use a methodology that accurately and reliably describes the availability, price and quality of healthy foods at both the store and community levels using the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores (NEMS-S), to propose a spatial methodology for integrating these store and community data into measures for defining objective food access. Setting Two hundred and sixty-five retail food stores in and within 2 miles (3·2 km) of Flint, Michigan, USA, were mapped using ArcGIS mapping software. Design A survey based on the validated NEMS-S was conducted at each retail food store. Scores were assigned to each store based on a modified version of the NEMS-S scoring system and linked to the mapped locations of stores. Neighbourhood characteristics (race and socio-economic distress) were appended to each store. Finally, spatial and kernel density analyses were run on the mapped store scores to obtain healthy food density metrics. Results Regression analyses revealed that neighbourhoods with higher socio-economic distress had significantly lower dairy sub-scores compared with their lower-distress counterparts (β coefficient=−1·3; P=0·04). Additionally, supermarkets were present only in neighbourhoods with <60 % African-American population and low socio-economic distress. Two areas in Flint had an overall NEMS-S score of 0. Conclusions By identifying areas with poor access to healthy foods via a validated metric, this research can be used help local government and organizations target interventions to high-need areas. Furthermore, the methodology used for the survey and the mapping exercise can be replicated in other cities to provide comparable results.
It's all in the eyes: neural responses to socially significant gaze shifts

Gaze direction signals another's focus of social attention. Here, we recorded event-related potentials to a multiface display where a gaze aversion created three different social scenarios involving social attention, mutual gaze exchange, and gaze avoidance. N170 was unaffected by social scenario. P350 latency was the shortest in social attention and mutual gaze exchange, whereas P500 was thelargest for gaze avoidance. Our data suggest that neural activity after 300 ms poststimulus may index processes associated with extracting social meaning, whereas that earlier than 300 ms may index processing of gaze change independent of social context.
On the bus priority dilemma: A Petri Net model with resource sharing and inhibitor arc

In this paper, we introduce a mathematical approach for modeling the bus priority system. The main objective is to highlight the problem of the bus priority dilemma. The mathematical approach is based on Petri Nets with inhibitor arc. Based on dioid algebra, we add a new constraint that models the resource sharing problem with a priority user. The system behavior is described by equations -linear equations. As a result, the proposed approach provides us with interesting performance evaluation, such as real-time counts of cars and buses which correspond to best priority-configurations. An example is worked out to highlight the bus priority dilemma. This example allows obtaining of interesting observations about the relevance of bus priority in a congested traffic network.
Diagnostic Sacroiliac Joint Injections: Is a Control Block Necessary?

Background: Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain presents as a deep and somatic pain, predominantly affecting the lower back and buttock and referring down the leg, sometimes as far as the foot. Given that the features of SIJ pain are non-specific and that this referred pain is similar to lumbar facet joint and lumbar disc pain, diagnostic local anesthetic injections (diagnostic blocks) into the SIJ are used to identify the source of pain. Despite wide use, little is known about the false positive rate of a single diagnostic sacroiliac (SI) block and the requirement for a control block. Objective: To determine whether a control SI block is necessary and to monitor the false positive rate for a single injection. Study Design: A prospective and observational study was conducted as part of a practice audit, with data collected over 3.5 years at the authors’ private practice. Patients & Methods: Under fluoroscopic guidance, 1408 consecutive patients presenting with prominent deep somatic pain over the SIJ region were sterilely injected with anesthetic into the SIJ and/or the deep interosseous ligament (DIL). Pain was measured on the 11-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) prior to injection and incrementally over the following 1- 2 weeks. Fully completed and unequivocal data sets were available for 1060 patients. Decreases in pain scores (of >80%) at >2 hours of post-injection were indicative of SIJ pain and recorded as a positive SIJ block. Results: Of 1060 patients receiving a first SIJ diagnostic block, 680 (64.1%) recorded a positive result. Subsequently, 271 positive patients and 22 who were negative for SIJ pain opted to receive a second control block. SIJ pain diagnosis was confirmed in 237/271 (87.5%) of those with an initial positive response, while 18/22 patients (81%) had their initial negative result confirmed. The false positive rate of a single block is therefore calculated at 12.5%, and on a contingency table analysis, a single anesthetic SIJ injection has diagnostic accuracy of 87.03%, with high sensitivity (98.3%), when compared with a second control diagnostic block. Limitations: All injections were performed at one clinical centre. A proportion (348/1408) of initial patients did not return fully completed pain records or had equivocal responses (≥80% pain relief, but transiently, for ≤30 min) and were excluded from further analysis. Conclusion: Given the observed high rates of accuracy in this study, it is reasonable to suggest the use of one diagnostic block as the criterion standard for assessing the SIJ as the source of a patient’s pain.
Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of adrenaline using a solid-phase reactor containing triiodide ions immobilized in an anion-exchange resin

A flow injection spectrophotometric procedure with on-line solid-phase reactor containingion triiodide immobilized in an anion-exchange resin is proposed for the determination of adrenaline(epinephrine) in pharmaceutical products. Adrenaline is oxidized by triiodide ion immobilized in ananionic-exchange resin yielding adrenochrome which is transported by the carrier solution and detectedat a wavelength of 488 nm. Adrenaline was determined in three pharmaceutical products in the 6.4 x 10 -6 to 3.0 x 10 -4 mol L -1 concentration range with a detection limit of 4.8 x 10 -7 mol L -1 . The recovery of thisanalyte in three samples ranged from 96.0 to 105 %. The analytical frequency was 80 determinations perhour and the RSDs were less than 1 % for adrenaline concentrations of 6.4 x 10 -5 and 2.0 x 10 -4 mol L -1(n=10). A paired t-test showed that all results obtained for adrenaline in commercial formulations usingthe proposed flow injection procedure and a spectrophotometric batch procedure agree at the 95%confidence level.
Variations in overall developed torque of a switched reluctance motor with airgap nonuniformity

In this paper, the results of a two-dimensional finite element analysis conducted on an 8/6 switched reluctance motor for studying the effects of airgap nonuniformity on the overall developed torque profiles are presented. Effects of nonuniform airgap produced by the relative eccentricity between the stator and rotor axes, concentricity error in the rotor geometry on one half, and also the motor with an elliptical rotor, are presented. It is observed that with the increase in relative eccentricity or positive concentricity error, the average torque increases along with an increase in the ripple content. In case of relative eccentricity, the static torque characteristics for the different phases will be different resulting in more noise and vibration of the system.
Undifferentiated Intimal Sarcoma of Large Systemic Blood Vessels: Report of 14 Cases With Immunohistochemical Profile and Review of the Literature

Intimal sarcoma (IS) is defined as a malignant tumor arising in the tunica intima of large blood vessels. In systemic circulation, the majority of IS develop in the aorta, where close to three fourths of published cases lack specific differentiation and are called undifferentiated intimal sarcomas (UIS). The remaining cases are intima-associated sarcomas of recognized types, also called differentiated intimal sarcomas (DIS). In this report, we further characterize UIS, including its immunohistochemical profile and results of comparative genomic hybridization. A total of 14 cases of UIS were collected from 17 medical institutions, including slides, blocks, electron photomicrographs, clinical abstracts, and reports of surgical pathology specimens and autopsies. The patients, 7 women and 7 men, were 41 to 85 years of age (median, 65.6 years). Twelve tumors arose from the aorta, one from the left external iliac and femoral arteries, and one in a large systemic vein (the venous tumor was included due to histologic similarity with the arterial lesions). Tumors ranged from 1 cm to over 10 cm in diameter. Histopathology was that of a largely necrotic, poorly differentiated epithelioid and pleomorphic malignant neoplasm relating to the tunica intima. Usually there was only a thin layer of viable tumor cells overlying a large thrombus. All tumors stained at least focally with the endothelial markers CD31 and Fli-1; however, there was otherwise considerable variability in immunophenotype. The distinctive histopathologic appearance of the primary luminal lesion was lost whenever tumor invaded outside the vessel wall (into adventitia and beyond) or in metastatic sites. Such extravascular tumors assumed a variety of patterns reminiscent of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS; in older literature also known as pleomorphic malignant fibrous histiocytoma, MFH) or other distinct types of sarcomas, including osteosarcoma, angiosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. The results of comparative genomic hybridization were nonspecific. Eleven patients died of the disease, in an average of 11 months after diagnosis. Three patients are still alive and free of disease at 4, 16, and 27 years. UIS of large systemic vessels represents a distinct clinical entity where intraluminal sarcoma presents with thrombosis and occlusion of large vessels. It is associated with a highly characteristic, although not entirely specific, histology and immunohistochemical phenotype. The histogenesis of UIS is not certain; however, it seems that the cell of origin must leave the confines of the vessel wall to show altered morphology. Although there are rare long-term survivors, UIS behaves as a fully malignant neoplasm that is almost uniformly associated with metastases and tumor-related death.
Development of the Activities of Daily Vision Scale: A Measure of Visual Functional Status

To develop a method for the evaluation of visual function in subjects with cataracts, the authors identified 20 visual activities and categorized them into five subscales (distance vision, near vision, glare disability, night driving, and daytime driving) that comprised the Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS). Each subscale in the ADVS was scored between 100 (no visual difficulty) and 0 (inability to perform the activity because of visual difficulty). In 334 subjects scheduled for cataract extraction (mean age 75 ± 9 years, 67% women), ADVS scores (mean ± standard deviation) for each subscale ranged from 44 ± 31 for night driving to 72 ± 24 for near vision activities. When administered by telephone, inter-rater reliability coefficients (r) were 0.82 to 0.97 (P < 0.001) for each of the subscales, and test-retest reliability was 0.87 for the scale overall. Cronbach's coefficient a was very high for both the in-person (α=0.94) and telephone (α = 0.91) formats. Criterion validity, the correlation between visual loss and ADVS score, was –0.37 (P < 0.001) when the ADVS was administered in person and –0.39 (P < 0.001) when it was administered by telephone. Content validity as assessed with factor analysis showed that 88% of the variance of the principal components weighted on one factor. The authors conclude that substantial visual disability is not captured by routine visual testing and that the ADVS is a reliable and valid measure of patient's perception of visual functional impairment.
The use of ICF codes for information retrieval in rehabilitation research: An empirical study

Purpose. Rehabilitation research information can be obtained from various bibliographic sources. Nevertheless, search strategies and terminologies differ from one database to another making it challenging for the novice user or users of multiple databases. This paper discusses a novel approach of using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) codes to retrieve rehabilitation research information. Method. A crosswalk was created by mapping the Center for International Rehabilitation Research and Information Exchange's (CIRRIE) subject headings to the two-level ICF codes and a search interface was developed (available at: http://cirrie.buffalo.edu/icf/crosswalk.php) so that users can input ICF codes instead of conventional subject headings. Results. About 62% of all CIRRIE subject headings were mapped to equivalent ICF codes. Among the CIRRIE subject heading that were mapped, 43% were mapped to the Environmental Factors, followed by 34% mapped to the Activities and Participation component of the ICF. Conclusion. Although the ICF was not conceived or developed as a system of formal terminology, it can be used effectively for information retrieval in conjunction with an existing vocabulary. This paper describes the first attempt in implementing the use of ICF for information retrieval.
DNA immunization confers protection against lethal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection

DNA vaccination has been evaluated with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model system. Plasmid DNA encoding the LCMV nucleoprotein, when injected intramuscularly, induces both antiviral antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Injection of DNA encoding the nucleoprotein or the viral glycoprotein confers protection against normally lethal LCMV challenge in a major histocompatibility complex-dependent manner. The protection conferred is incomplete, but it is most probably mediated by the induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Assessment of sensorimotor cortical representation asymmetries and motor skills in violin players

As a model for use‐dependent plasticity, the brains of professional musicians have been extensively studied to examine structural and functional adaptation to unique requirements of skilled performance. Here we provide a combination of data on motor performance and hand representation in the primary motor and somatosensory cortex of professional violin players, with the aim of assessing possible behavioural consequences of sensorimotor cortical asymmetries. We studied 15 healthy right‐handed professional violin players and 35 healthy nonmusician controls. Motor and somatosensory cortex asymmetry was assessed by recording the motor output map after transcranial magnetic stimulation from a small hand muscle, and by dipole source localization of somatosensory evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the median and ulnar nerves. Motor performance was examined using a series of standardized motor tasks covering different aspects of hand function. Violin players showed a significant right‐larger‐than‐left asymmetry of the motor and somatosensory cortex, whereas nonmusician controls showed no significant interhemispheric difference. The amount of asymmetry in the motor and somatosensory cortices of musicians was significantly correlated. At the behavioural level, motor performance did not significantly differ between musicians and nonmusicians. The results support a use‐dependent enlargement of the left hand representation in the sensorimotor cortex of violin players. However, these cortical asymmetries were not paralleled by accompanying altered asymmetries at a behavioural level, suggesting that the reorganisation might be task‐specific and does not lead to improved motor abilities in general.
Optimization and decision for limiting short circuit current considering sensitivity ranking

Limiting short circuit current and increasing power system stability is a contradiction. An optimization and decision model for limiting short circuit current considering sensitivity ranking is established. Firstly, the influence on impedance matrix caused by current limiting measures is analyzed, and a variable selection strategy considering the sensitivity relation between current limiting measures and node self-impedance is proposed. Secondly, the objective functions which minimize the total investment costs and the short circuit capacity margin are presented, and an adaptive hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to find a scheme set. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation model is established based analytic hierarchy process and the systematic and quantitative assessments are realized by the fuzzy algorithm. Simulation results of the practical power grid demonstrated the efficiency and speediness of this proposed model.
Dense Pruning Sparsity Constraint Sparse Increase Model Capacity Re-Dense Dense

Modern deep neural networks have a large number of parameters, making them very hard to train. We propose DSD, a dense-sparse-dense training flow, for regularizing deep neural networks and achieving better optimization performance. In the first D (Dense) step, we train a dense network to learn connection weights and importance. In the S (Sparse) step, we regularize the network by pruning the unimportant connections with small weights and retraining the network given the sparsity constraint. In the final D (re-Dense) step, we increase the model capacity by removing the sparsity constraint, re-initialize the pruned parameters from zero and retrain the whole dense network. Experiments show that DSD training can improve the performance for a wide range of CNNs, RNNs and LSTMs on the tasks of image classification, caption generation and speech recognition. On ImageNet, DSD improved the Top1 accuracy of GoogLeNet by 1.1%, VGG-16 by 4.3%, ResNet-18 by 1.2% and ResNet-50 by 1.1%, respectively. On the WSJ’93 dataset, DSD improved DeepSpeech and DeepSpeech2 WER by 2.0% and 1.1%. On the Flickr-8K dataset, DSD improved the NeuralTalk BLEU score by over 1.7. DSD is easy to use in practice: at training time, DSD incurs only one extra hyper-parameter: the sparsity ratio in the S step. At testing time, DSD doesn’t change the network architecture or incur any inference overhead. The consistent and significant performance gain of DSD experiments shows the inadequacy of the current training methods for finding the best local optimum, while DSD effectively achieves superior optimization performance for finding a better solution. DSD models are available to download at https://songhan.github. io/DSD.
Patient Centered, Nurse Averse? Nurses’ Care Experiences in a 21st-Century Hospital

Implementations of patient centeredness can vary tremendously across settings, yet we know little about how clinicians experience local interpretations of patient centeredness. In this article, we investigate nurses’ experiences in a hospital designed to be patient centered in its emphasis on patient amenities and customer service. This environment altered nurses’ articulation work by shifting the visibility of a number of nursing tasks; customer service tasks became more visible whereas many medical and caring tasks were obscured. We found that these changes in nursing work challenged nurses’ professional roles, and the informants reported that the changes disrupted their relationships with patients and with one another. This implementation of patient centeredness resulted in a view of nursing that conflicted with many nurses’ implicit and explicit understanding of their work. Our findings suggest that the adoption of some versions of patient centeredness might obscure substantial and substantive nursing work and might undermine nurses’ concepts of caregiving.
Disruption of crosstalk between the fatty acid synthesis and proteasome pathways enhances unfolded protein response signaling and cell death

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is the terminal enzyme responsible for fatty acid synthesis and is up-regulated in tumors of various origins to facilitate their growth and progression. Because of several reports linking the FASN and proteasome pathways, we asked whether FASN inhibitors could combine with bortezomib, the Food and Drug Administration-approved proteasome inhibitor, to amplify cell death. Indeed, bortezomib treatment augmented suboptimal FASN inhibitor concentrations to reduce clonogenic survival, which was paralleled by an increase in apoptotic markers. Interestingly, FASN inhibitors induced accumulation of ubiquinated proteins and enhanced the effects of bortezomib treatment. In turn, bortezomib increased fatty acid synthesis, suggesting crosstalk between the pathways. We hypothesized that cell death resulting from crosstalk perturbation was mediated by increased unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. Indeed, disruption of crosstalk activated and saturated the adaptation arm of UPR signaling, including eIF2α phosphorylation, activating transcription factor 4 expression, and X-box-binding protein 1 splicing. Furthermore, although single agents did not activate the alarm phase of the UPR, crosstalk interruption resulted in activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and C/EBP homologous protein-dependent cell death. Combined, the data support the concept that the UPR balance between adaptive to stress signaling can be exploited to mediate increased cell death and suggests novel applications of FASN inhibitors for clinical use. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(12):3816–24]
A novel model for business process maturity assessment through combining maturity models with EFQM and ISO 9004: 2009

As stated by Van Looy et al. (2011) "The importance of business process management is pointed out in extensive literature. As its realisation is less straightforward, maturity models have been developed to gradually assess and improve business processes. However, the proliferation of maturity models confuses organisations. They have no overview of existing models and their differences, which makes an informed choice difficult" [Van Looy et al., (2011), p.5]. This paper presents a novel framework for assessing process maturity. This framework compares maturity models with the process audit of Michael Hammer. In order to develop the process audit, EFQM and ISO 9004:2009 are suggested; thereafter, criteria are graded by RADAR. Practitioners may benefit from the proposed framework to plan and execute process-based transformations.
Cloning and expression of the cryIVD gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in the cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 and its resulting larvicidal activity

A mosquitocidal cyanobacterium has been developed by introducing the mosquito-toxic cryIVD gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis into the unicellular cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002). The cryIVD gene was introduced into the cyanobacterium on a derivative of the PR-6 expression vector pAQE19 delta Sal in which the cryIVD gene was translationally fused to the initial coding sequence of the highly expressed PR-6 cpcB gene. Coomassie blue staining and immunoblot analysis of gel-fractionated cell extract polypeptides indicate that the cpcB-cryIVD gene fusion is expressed at high levels in the cyanobacterial cells, with little or no apparent degradation of the cryIVD gene product. Larvicidal assays revealed that freshly hatched Culex pipiens mosquito larvae readily ingested the transformed cyanobacteria and that the cells proved to be toxic to the larvae.