Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Epistemological Pluralism in Design Science

Design Science is an old hat, but why is a debate on design science in today's IS research so necessary? Here, I would like to make an argument from my personal perspective, reflecting the German research tradition, which is—in great parts—strongly oriented towards design science research (Niehaves 2006). What Iivari (2007) mentioned holds true in this case as well: Nobody uses the term design science research—not even in German. On major Ger-man IS conferences (for instance, Wirtschaftsinformatik) there is no 'Design Science' track as, for instance, on ICIS 2006. Instead, design-oriented research can be somewhat regarded as the dominant, but implicit research perspective. Design-oriented research is considered as a viable mean to produce results that are of great relevance for business practice. This also reflects in the fact that industry is an important (direct) funding source for (academic) research projects in Germany. However, a major deficiency is that methodo-logical and epistemological issues remain implicit in the majority of German IS publications (Heinrich 2005). A literature analysis of the major German-speaking IS research journal 'Wirtschaftsinformatik' (volumes 1990 to 2004 with 539 articles published) proved that only 10.9 % of the articles elucidate their research methodology (Heinrich 2005). To my opinion, this is alarming. I have to leave it open, if such deficit holds true for other design-oriented research works, as to ask " Do research papers explain their research methodol-ogy? " might be a rather surprising enquiry. Though I don't value black and white views, design-oriented research, as to be found at least in the German IS community, seems to strongly tend towards relevance rather than rigour. A question of mindset? Iivari (2007) argues that mainstream IS research has been strongly influenced by " the hegemony of North-American business-school-oriented IS researchers over the leading IS publication outlets " and that the corresponding
Monitoring the efficiency of a reuse program

Introducing software reuse at a corporate wide level represents one of the most promising means of addressing rising costs plaguing the software industry. A series of mechanisms are needed for shortening development cycles and providing reliable software of high quality which will be more maintainable and flexible for future extensions.This paper presents an overview of a reuse program that is intended to institutionalise a software reuse process that incorporates reuse-specific activities all along an object oriented software development process, drawing heavily on a reusable software artifact library system which has been designed to support the classification, management and search for artifacts to be employed in reuse efforts.Due to the increasing competition and rapid technological innovations that mark nowadays the software applications' field, this sector has undergone radical changes, forcing operators to cope with a growing demand of new applications and services, in terms of quality, variety, reliability, and, last but not least, low prices.In this situation the traditional custom software development methodologies show all its inadequateness and ineffectiveness: to become really competitive in developing new applications, able to survive in a global market, an organisation needs to adopt leading edge technologies inside a defined, well planned and specific software development process.Moreover, traditional software development methodologies do not allow an efficient maintenance of the products, while any modification or extension of these products often results in a full redevelopment of them.A new iterative development philosophy based on software reuse and using the emerging object oriented technologies seems to be the right trade-off among the opposed factors characterising a successful telecommunication product or service: high-quality, low-cost, reduced time-to-market, flexibility and maintainability, just to tell some. In this view, a systematic reuse program to support and to integrate the software development activities, incorporating a reuse library to support the classification and management of the heterogeneous reusable components, is a particularly interesting and promising methodology.
An Integrated and Interdisciplinary Model for Predicting the Risk of Injury and Death in Future Earthquakes

Background A comprehensive technique for earthquake-related casualty estimation remains an unmet challenge. This study aims to integrate risk factors related to characteristics of the exposed population and to the built environment in order to improve communities’ preparedness and response capabilities and to mitigate future consequences. Methods An innovative model was formulated based on a widely used loss estimation model (HAZUS) by integrating four human-related risk factors (age, gender, physical disability and socioeconomic status) that were identified through a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological data. The common effect measures of these factors were calculated and entered to the existing model’s algorithm using logistic regression equations. Sensitivity analysis was performed by conducting a casualty estimation simulation in a high-vulnerability risk area in Israel. Results the integrated model outcomes indicated an increase in the total number of casualties compared with the prediction of the traditional model; with regard to specific injury levels an increase was demonstrated in the number of expected fatalities and in the severely and moderately injured, and a decrease was noted in the lightly injured. Urban areas with higher populations at risk rates were found more vulnerable in this regard. Conclusion The proposed model offers a novel approach that allows quantification of the combined impact of human-related and structural factors on the results of earthquake casualty modelling. Investing efforts in reducing human vulnerability and increasing resilience prior to an occurrence of an earthquake could lead to a possible decrease in the expected number of casualties.
Behaviour characteristics: low and high literacy users information seeking on social service websites

This paper describes the behaviour characteristics of low and high literacy users, information seeking of an on-line social service system. The finding of this paper is based on the qualitative study which involves ten volunteers participated in this study. To classify these participants within the literacy scale, National Skills for Life Survey is used. According to this survey, five volunteers are classified as high literate; and the remaining were as low literate. All participants were asked to think-aloud whilst carrying out the information search using the "Adviceguide" website. The four information search tasks were of varying difficulty; easy, medium and difficult. Observations, video recording and a semi-structured interview technique that use cognitive probes were used. The qualitative data were transcribed and analysed using Grounded Theory and Emergent Themes Analysis approach. The eight characteristics of what identified; Verification, Reading, Recovery, Trajectories, Focus, Satisfied, Representation and Abandon. Results showed that low and high literacy users demonstrated critically different behaviour characteristics.
A New Algorithmic Approach to Detect the Good Point Access in the Precautionary Process for Data Quality

Data quality is a complex concept and has no structure. Hence, data quality field faces with a wide range of difficulties and uncertainties for measurement and evaluation. The lack of precise standards and algorithmic techniques are considered as two major problems for data quality assessment. To prevent causes of data quality problems is a new issue, which can remarkably reduce costs imposed by the quality loss in information systems. The present paper introduced a computational approach to detect success/failure of the precautionary process. Through studying different parts of the process and assessing its good point, a distinct algorithm was presented. Generally, there are various types of information systems due to the lack of a single organizational and information standard. Therefore, the proposed algorithms can be specialized for each given information system.
Simulating the Distribution of R/FR in Maize Canopies with Monte Carlo Ray Tracing Approach

R/FR (red to far-red ratio) is a key light signal for plants to detect the oncoming competition and initiate the shade avoidance syndrome. This study is aim to simulate the R/FR signal received by maize plants based on a 3D canopy radiative model. Optical properties of maize leaf were characterized by an adapted Cook-Torrance model for reflectance and a Lambert model for transmittance. Virtual maize canopies were reconstructed with triangle facets by digitizing the 3D architecture of maize plants in the field. The distributions of red and far-red light within canopies were simulated by Monte Carlo ray tracing methods. R/FR received by triangle facets of canopies was calculated from these red and far-red light distributions. Finally, the distributions of R/FR within two maize canopies at two growth stages were simulated under three solar angles. Low R/FR in the canopy of maize at filling stage indicated potential competition of neighboring plants. Solar angles change the distribution of R/FR within canopy. It is recommended to be examined on the whole day time course that covering a large range of solar angles.
Fate of baby radio galaxies: Dead or alive?

In order to reveal the long-term evolution of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we examine the dynamical evolution of variously-sized radio galaxies [i.e., compact symmetric objects (CSOs), medium-size symmetric objects (MSOs), Fanaroff-Riley type II radio galaxies (FRIIs)]. By comparing the observed relation between the hot spot size and the linear size of radio source with a coevolution model of hot spot and cocoon, we find that the advance speed of hot spots and lobes inevitably show the deceleration phase (CSO-MSO phase) and the acceleration phase (MSO-FRII phase). The deceleration is caused by the growth of the cross-sectional area of the cocoon head. Moreover, by comparing the hot spot speed with the sound speed of the ambient medium, we predict that only CSOs whose initial advance speed is higher than 0.3–0.5 c can evolve into FRIIs (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Institute of Physics Publishing Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering Selective Low Temperature Microcap Packaging Technique through Flip Chip and Wafer Level Alignment

In this study, a new technique of selective microcap bonding for packaging 3-D MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) devices is presented. Microcap bonding on a selected area of the host wafer was successfully demonstrated through flip chip and wafer level alignment. A passivation treatment was developed to separate the microcap from the carrier wafer. A thick metal nickel (Ni) microcap was fabricated by an electroplating process. Its stiffness is superior to that of thin film poly-silicon made by the surface micromachining technique. For the selective microcap packaging process, photo definable materials served as the intermediate adhesive layer between the host wafer and the metal microcap on the carrier wafer. Several types of photo definable material used as the adhesive layer were tested and characterized for bonding strength. The experimental result shows that excellent bonding strength at low bonding temperature can be achieved.
SOLFABOT: Low-cost support tool for solfeo training

This paper presents a low-cost add-on sensor that has been developed to provide other systems with music listening and note detection capabilities. This sensor has been integrated as part of an intelligent system for solfeo learning. The system is capable of listening the performance of a user as well as assessing the correctness of both the rhythmic pattern and intonation in the performance, and presenting practice exercises. Concretely, the system is based on the Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0 robot. The system designed implements a training application with three training modalities, depending on whether the user wishes to improve his musical reading (rhythm and intonation) or listening abilities.
Evaluating Network Processors in IP Forwarding

This paper evaluates the performance of emerging network processors—in particular, designs that employ multiple hardware contexts to hide memory latency— in constructing IP routers. Such processors are designed to forward minimum-sized IP packets at line speeds, with the advantage (over ASIC-based solutions) of being programmable. However, programming such network processors involves two challenges. The ﬁrst is how to effectively employ the multiple contexts in a way that fully utilizes the memory bandwidth. The second is how to allow the network processor to be programmed dynamically (so it can support new functionality) without violating the processor’s tight timing constraints. This paper addresses both of these challenges on a prototype board that uses the IXP1200 network processor. We demonstrate that it is possible to support 8 (cid:2) 100Mbps ports with enough headroom to access up to 224 bytes of state information for each minimum-sized IP packet.
Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury (ALI) Is Milder in Diabetic Rats and Correlates with Impaired NFkB Activation

Acute lung injury (ALI) develops in response to a direct insult to the lung or secondarily to a systemic inflammatory response, such as sepsis. There is clinical evidence that the incidence and severity of ALI induced by direct insult are lower in diabetics. In the present study we investigated whether the same occurs in ALI secondarily to sepsis and the molecular mechanisms involved. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by alloxan and sepsis by caecal ligation and puncture surgery (CLP). Six hours later, the lungs were examined for oedema and cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) were cultured in vitro for analysis of IκB and p65 subunit of NFκB phosphorylation and MyD88 and SOCS-1 mRNA. Diabetic rats were more susceptible to sepsis than non-diabetics. In non-diabetic rats, the lung presented oedema, leukocyte infiltration and increased COX2 expression. In diabetic rats these inflammatory events were significantly less intense. To understand why diabetic rats despite being more susceptible to sepsis develop milder ALI, we examined the NFκB activation in AMs of animals with sepsis. Whereas in non-diabetic rats the phosphorylation of IκB and p65 subunit occurred after 6 h of sepsis induction, this did not occur in diabetics. Moreover, in AMs from diabetic rats the expression of MyD88 mRNA was lower and that of SOCS-1 mRNA was increased compared with AMs from non-diabetic rats. These results show that ALI secondary to sepsis is milder in diabetic rats and this correlates with impaired activation of NFκB, increased SOCS-1 and decreased MyD88 mRNA.
Guanxi in the Chinese Web

Guanxi is a type of dyadic social interaction based on feelings, trust, and the development of friendship. In this paper, we define the concept of guanxi as it is applied to the interaction between web sites. We show by analyzing the local linking structure between Chinese web sites and the content of Chinese web documents that interaction between Chinese web sites can be seen to exhibit two types of guanxi: strong guanxi and cheap guanxi. We compare the local linking structure of Chinese web sites to the local linking structure of web sites in the general web and in Japan, Iran, and France. Finally, we explore methods to identify types of guanxi in the Chinese web, and give a method for simulating guanxi in a web graph model.
Design and implementation of web crawler based on dynamic web collection cycle

The amount of web information is increasing rapidly with advanced wireless networks and emergence of diverse smart devices like i-Phone, i-Pad and so on. The information is continuously being produced and updated in anywhere and anytime by means of easy web platforms, and social networks. Now, it is becoming a hot issue how frequently updated web data has to be refreshed in data integration and retrieval domain. In this paper, we propose dynamic web-data crawling methods, which include sensitive checking of web site changes, and dynamic retrieving of web pages from target web sites. Furthermore, we implemented a java-based web crawling application and compared performance between conventional static approaches and our proposed dynamic ones. Our experiment results showed 59% performance benefits compared to static crawling method.
The Taylor Rule with real-time data and an analysis of its impact on historical policy analysis

The Federal Reserve system (the Fed) is the United States monetary policy authority and is mandated by Congress to pursue two goals: 1) maximum sustainable output and employment and 2) stable prices. Among the actions the Fed can take to achieve these goals is the ability to set the target federal funds rate. Simple policy rules that set the level of funds rate in response to changes in economic variables have gained attention as a means to more effective monetary policy. One of the most researched and cited rules is that proposed by economist John Taylor in 1993. Taylor’s rule is simple and intuitive, and it was found to be surprisingly accurate during the period from 1987 to 1992. However, this analysis is based on impractical assumptions about the amount of accurate data available to a policymaker at the moment of his or her decision. I explore the differences in policy rules using real-time data – that is, data available to a policymaker at the moment of policy decision, versus ex-post data – that is, data that has been fully revised and is accepted as the most accurate representation of an economic variable. Within this analysis, I also evaluate differences in policy rules between Fed Chairmen. While analysis using ex-post data by Judd and Rudebusch (1998) has found statistically significant differences in reaction functions between Fed Chairmen, I find that not only does a real-time Taylor rule recommend different levels of the federal funds rate than an ex-post Taylor rule, but also Fed Chairman is not necessarily a determinant of structural change in policy formation. I conclude that monetary policy rules in real-time seem to describe “eras” of economic events and recommendations generated within these “eras” do not differ from actual observations as much as Taylor found using his rule.
Understanding tag-cloud and visual features for better annotation of concepts in NUS-WIDE dataset

Large-scale dataset construction will require a significant large amount of well labeled ground truth. For the NUS-WIDE dataset, a less labor-intensive annotation process was used and this paper will focuses on improving the semi-manual annotation method used. For the NUS-WIDE dataset, improving the average accuracy for top retrievals of individual concepts will effectively improve the results of the semi-manual annotation method. For web images, both tags and visual feature play important roles in predicting the concept of the image. For visual features, we have adopted an adaptive feature selection method to construct a middle level feature by concatenating the k-NN results for each type of visual feature. This middle feature is more robust than the average combination of single features, and we have shown it achieves good performance for the concept prediction. For Tag cloud, we construct a concept-tag co-occurrence matrix. The co-occurrence information to compute the probability of an image belonging to certain concept and according to Bayes theory for the annotated tags. By understanding the WordNet's taxonomy level, which indicates whether the concept is generic of specific, and exploring the tags clouds distribution, we propose a selection method of using either tag cloud or visual features, to enhance the concepts annotation performance. In this way, the advantages of both tag and visual features are boosted. Experimental results have shown that our method can achieve very high average precision for the NUS-WIDE dataset, which greatly facilitates the construction of large-scale web image data set.
Memory efficient hyperelliptic curve point counting

In recent algorithms that use deformation in order to compute the number of points on varieties over a finite field, certain differential equations of matrices over p-adic fields emerge. We present a novel strategy to solve this kind of equations in a memory efficient way. The main application is an algorithm requiring quasi-cubic time and only quadratic memory in the parameter n, that solves the following problem: for E a hyperelliptic curve of genus g over a finite field of extension degree n and small characteristic, compute its zeta function. This improves substantially upon Kedlaya's result which has the same quasi-cubic time asymptotic, but requires also cubic memory size.
Testing type class laws

The specification of a class in Haskell often starts with stating, in comments, the laws that should be satisfied by methods defined in instances of the class, followed by the type of the methods of the class. This paper develops a framework that supports testing such class laws using QuickCheck. Our framework is a light-weight class law testing framework, which requires a limited amount of work per class law, and per datatype for which the class law is tested. We also show how to test class laws with partially-defined values. Using partially-defined values, we show that the standard lazy and strict implementations of the state monad do not satisfy the expected laws.
Detect and Filter Traffic Attack through Cloud Trace back and Neural Network

—Cloud computing is one of the major technologies predicted to revolutionize the future of computing world. The concept of delivering IT as a service has several astounding features and advantages. Cloud is an enchanting option for small and medium enterprises to reduce upfront investment, enabling them to use sophisticated business intelligence applications that only large enterprises could previously afford. Cloud computing has huge potential to improve overall productivity and reduce cost. It is a new consumption and delivery model for IT services but its security is still a pitfall. Cloud computing is threatened by several security issues although most of them are already in place but there are still many attacks that need to be taken care of. Out of all the attacks in cloud environment one of the most serious attack to cloud is DDOS attack (H-DoS and X-DoS). This paper tries to find out the root cause for such attacks and suggests particular solutions regarding the same. The proposed solution is based on Cloud TraceBack (CTB) and Network Neural.