Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TongKey at Entity Track TREC 2011: Related Entity Finding

This paper presents our work done for the TREC 2011 Entity track. A retrieval model was proposed for the task of related entity finding. This model consists of several parts: In order to get more accurate document collection, query analysis method was utilized to format the narrative of each query. Then, our dataset was generated by using ClueWeb09 API 2 . Moreover, we employed the NER tools and text pattern recognition to extract entities from this processed dataset. In particular, the types of target entities are not so well-defined as last year. Therefore, a specific classifier trained by employing Wikipedia titles and category was utilized to identify the categories of target entities. To find related entity homepages and supporting documents, a set of feature-based methods were applied.
An Assertional Proof of the Stability and Correctness of Natural Mergesort

We present a mechanically verified implementation of the sorting algorithm Natural Mergesort that consists of a few methods specified by their contracts of pre/post conditions. Methods are annotated with assertions that allow the automatic verification of the contract satisfaction. This program-proof is made using the state-of-the-art verifier Dafny. We verify not only the standard sortedness property, but also that the algorithm performs a stable sort. Throughout the article, we provide and explain the complete text of the program-proof.
Performance Oriented Prefetching Enhancements Using Commit Stalls

Loads that miss in L1 or L2 caches, and are waiting for their data at the head of the ROB, cause significant slow down in the form of commit stalls. We identif y that most of these commit stalls are caused by a small set of loads, referred to as LIMCOS(Loads Incurring Majority of COmmit Stalls). We propose simple history-based classifiers that track comm it stalls suffered by loads to help us identify this small set of loads. In this paper we study two pr efetching enhancements enabled by classifiers. In the first enhancement, the classifiers are used to train the prefetcher to focus on the misses suffered by LIMCOS. This, referred to as focused prefetching, results in a 9.8% gain in IPC over naive GHB based delta correlation prefetcher along with a 20.3% reduction in memory traffic for a set of 17 memory-intensive SPEC2000 benchmarks. Another important impact of focused prefetching is a 61% improvement in the accuracy of prefetches. We demonstrate that the proposed classification criterion performs better than other existing crite ria like criticality and delinquent loads Also we show that the criterion of focusing on commit stalls is robust enough across cache levels and can be applied to any prefetcher without any modifications to the prefetcher. We also demonstrate the positive impact that Focused Prefetchinghas in a multi-core scenario. In the case of global history based prefetchers, we demonstrate not only the applicability of focused prefetching, but also the second enhancement based on classifiers ‐ filtering of prefet ches once they are generated.
Biased trajectory dissemination of uncontrolled mobile sinks for event collection in wireless sensor networks

Considering the social properties of mobile sinks, we propose a biased trajectory dissemination of uncontrolled mobile sinks for event collection in wireless sensor networks. In biased trajectory dissemination of uncontrolled mobile sink, we first divide the whole network into clusters which can be managed by cluster heads that are elected in turn for intra-cluster event collection and inter-cluster communication. Second, for a mobile sink, we further divide the clusters it visits into biased clusters and non-biased clusters according to its staying probability. The mobile sink will send its mobility message which shows its location as it moves into a new cluster. We then construct a biased loop which is composed of all biased clusters and some non-biased clusters to disseminate a mobile sink’s mobility message only to clusters on it when the mobile sink moves into a biased cluster. We also construct query path that connects any cluster head that is not on the biased loop to a cluster head on it. An event could be transmitted to the biased loop along the query path for further forwarding to the mobile sink. Numerous simulations show the superior performance of biased trajectory dissemination of uncontrolled mobile sink compared to the representative schemes in terms of average path length, delay, and network energy consumption.
The Impact Of Farm Succession Decisions On The Financial Performance Of The Farm

Farm succession by the “next generation” is a key factor in the determination of industry structure and the total number of farmers and has profound implications for farm families which rely heavily on intergenerational succession. Our results indicate that, in addition to farm, operator, and off-farm work variables, succession plans have a positive and significant effect on financial performance, both in terms of higher profit margins and returns to equity. Further, we also find that farms with designated family successors have higher financial performance, both in terms of higher profits margins and returns to equity.
Interplay between Social Media and Traditional Media: An Empirical Study in the Motion Picture Industry

Marketers leverage multiple media outlets to promote products. There are three media types: paid (e.g., advertising on TV), owned (e.g., company website), and earned (e.g., consumers’ word-of-mouth) media. The effects of individual media channels and the interrelationships within paid media have been examined by prior literature. However, little is known about interplay across different types of media channels. We investigate how social media marketing (both owned and earned media) and the interplay between traditional paid media and social media affect product sales. We analyze how promotional activities across different media channels influence the box office revenues of 200 movies in their opening weekends and subsequent weeks, respectively. We find empirical evidence that social media marketing is positively associated with product sales, especially in the initial product launch period. Additionally, traditional media and social media are substitutes. We discuss the implications of these results and outline our on-going research plan.
Implied Volatility Duration and the Early Resolution Premium

We introduce Implied Volatility Duration (IVD) as a new measure for the timing of uncertainty resolution, with a high IVD corresponding to late resolution. Portfolio sorts on a large cross-section of stocks indicate that investors demand on average about seven percent return per year as a compensation for a late resolution of uncertainty. This premium is higher in times of low market returns and cannot be explained by standard factor models. In a general equilibrium model, we show that the expected excess return differential between ‘late’ and ‘early’ stocks can only be positive, if the investor’s relative risk aversion exceeds the inverse of her elasticity of intertemporal substitution, i.e., if she exhibits a preference for early resolution of uncertainty in the spirit of Epstein and Zin (1989). Our empirical analysis thus provides a purely market-based assessment of the relation between two preference parameters, which are notoriously hard to estimate.
DESIGN IMPROVEMENT OF OUTER-ROTOR HYBRID EXCITATION FLUX SWITCHING MOTOR FOR IN-WHEEL DRIVE ELECTRIC VEHICLE WAN NORHASHIMAH BINTI WAN HUSIN

Due to in-wheel motors definite benefits of great controllability for each self-reliant wheel as well as the convenience of more space of cabin due to conventional mechanical transmission and differential gears are removed, more study and research of in-wheel motors used in pure electric vehicles (EVs) propulsion systems have attracted and involved great attention lately. Furthermore, more series batteries can be mounted to gain the distance of driving. The main necessities are to have high torque density and efficiency, since the motors are installed directly to the wheel. Because of high torque possibility is required; a design of outer-rotor hybrid excitation flux switching motor for in-wheel drive electric vehicle is suggested in this project. The suggested motor consists of twelve (12) slots of stator poles, and ten (10) rotor poles. All these active parts are placed on the stator. Secondarily, it has a steady rotor assembly which only contains a single piece of rotor and has a wide range flux control abilities. Under some design restrictions and specifications for the target electric vehicle drive applications, the performance of the suggested machine on the initial design and improved design are analyzed based on 2-D finite element analysis (FEA). The performance of the improved design motor shows that the maximum torque achieved is 241.7921 Nm which is 72.61 % of the target performance, whereas the maximum power has achieved 143.47 kW which is greater than the target value. Therefore, by extra design optimization it is estimated that the motor will successfully reach the target performance. PTTA PERP UST AKA AN TUN KUT UN AMI NAH
How Synchronous are Adjuncts in Translation Data?

The argument-adjunct distinction is central to most syntactic and semantic theories. As optional elements that refine (the meaning of) a phrase, adjuncts are important for recursive, compositional accounts of syntax, semantics and translation. In formal accounts of machine translation, adjuncts are often treated as modifiers applying synchronously in source and target derivations. But how well can the assumption of synchronous adjunction explain translation equivalence in actual parallel data? In this paper we present the first empirical study of translation equivalence of adjuncts on a variety of FrenchEnglish parallel corpora, while varying word alignments so we can gauge the effect of errors in them. We show that for proper measurement of the types of translation equivalence of adjuncts, we must work with non-contiguous, many-to-many relations, thereby amending the traditional Direct Correspondence Assumption. Our empirical results show that 70% of manually identified adjuncts have adjunct translation equivalents in training data, against roughly 50% for automatically identified adjuncts.
FARM FIRM MICRO-ECONOMETRIC MODELLING:EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM RUSSIAN DAIRY FARMING

This study develops a micro econometric model of specialised dairy farms in Moscow Region using panel data over the period 1995-1998. The model is used to analyse the role of input and output subsidies in the on-farm decision making. Theoretical conditions for short term profit maximization and the fixed effect specification are not rejected by the data. Estimates of the parameters related to input and output subsidies are found to be highly significant. The effect of output subsidies on milk output supply is larger then the price effect. Output subsidies are allocated efficiently in the period 1996-1998 and inefficiently in 1995; input subsidies are allocated efficiently in 1995 and inefficiently in 1996-1998.
Race, Gender, and /u/: Social Perceptions of a Non-Stereotype Feature Thesis

ii Acknowledgments . iii Vita . iv List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii 1.0 Introduction . 1 1.1 Indicators, Markers, and Stereotypes . 2 1.2 Variation and Social Perception . 3 1.3 Objectives . 8 1.4 The Variable . 8 2.0 Methods. 14 2.1 Participants . 14 2.2 Stimulus Materials . 15 2.3 Procedure . 17 2.4 Analysis . 21
A New Approach for Task Level Computational Resource Bi-partitioning

An essential problem for hardware/software codesign is the partitioning of an application onto the computational resources. This paper presents a novel approach for the task level resource partitioning problem. Our approach is based on the Ant System algorithm, a meta-heuristic method inspired by the study of the behaviors of ants. In our algorithm, a collection of agents cooperate using distributed and local heuristic information to effectively explore the search space. An iterative stochastic decision making process is carried by the agents in order to optimally allocate tasks onto either the general purpose processor or the reconfigurable logic. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm provides robust results that are qualitatively close to the optimal with minor computational cost.
Safe Low-Overhead Memory Management for Concurrency and Parallelism

This report surveys three papers related to safe memory management. The first two papers expose two different approaches that rely on static compile-time annotations to enhance performance of memory management at runtime. The third paper shows how to implement an efficient garbage collector that has impressively low pause times and never stops all the threads at the same time.
The surprise language exercises

For ten days in March and twenty-nine days in June of 2003, sixteen teams in two nations sought to develop language technologies for two previously unanticipated languages; Cebuano and Hindi. This introduction to a pair of special issues explains the motivation for those exercises, the approaches that were tried, and some of the lessons that were learned.
Chapter 2 Entrepreneurship and Creative Economy : Mental Models of Cultural Entrepreneurs in Belo Horizonte , Brazil

This study aims to analyze the common elements in the mental models of cultural entrepreneurs in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, as well as to contribute to the expansion of public policies that enable the development of such enterprises. The theoretical framework of this study addresses entrepreneurship and the mental models of entrepreneurs in the creative economy sector. The Brazilian government has showed concern with the development of the creative economy sector, considering its importance in the national and international scenario. There is a lack of information and data that describes the specific characteristics and issues of the creative economy. Thus, it is important not only to present a statistical data on the sector, but also qualitative data that can broaden and deepen the knowledge of the sector and its professionals.
C / EBP b regulates human immunodeficiency virus 1 gene expression through its association with cdk 9

Received 21 August 2006 Accepted 27 October 2006 Transcriptional regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a complex event that requires the cooperative action of both viral (e.g. Tat) and cellular (e.g. C/EBPb, NF-kB) factors. The HIV-1 Tat protein recruits the human positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, consisting of cdk9 and cyclin T1, to the HIV-1 transactivation response (TAR) region. In the absence of TAR, Tat activates the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) through its association with several cellular factors including C/EBPb. C/EBPb is a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein family of transcription factors and has been shown to be a critical transcriptional regulator of HIV-1 LTR. We examined whether Tat–C/EBPb association requires the presence of the P-TEFb complex. Using immunoprecipitation followed by Western blot, we demonstrated that C/EBPb–cyclin T1 association requires the presence of cdk9. Further, due to its instability, cdk9 was unable to physically interact with C/EBPb in the absence of cyclin T1 or Tat. Using kinase assays, we demonstrated that cdk9, but not a cdk9 dominant-negative mutant (cdk9-dn), phosphorylates C/EBPb. Our functional data show that co-transfection of C/EBPb and cdk9 leads to an increase in HIV-1 gene expression when compared to C/EBPb alone. Addition of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) inhibits C/EBPb transcriptional activity in the presence and absence of cdk9 and causes a delay in HIV-1 replication in T-cells. Together, our data suggest that Tat–C/EBPb association is mediated through cdk9, and that phosphorylated C/EBPb may influence AIDS progression by increasing expression of HIV-1 genes.
Title Localization of wireless sensor nodes with erroneous anchorsvia

Finding locations of the sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Network has been an active research area in recent years. One important category of approaches uses distance measurements between anchors and sensors to localize the unknown node. However, most approaches assume that the anchor positions are perfectly known, while in practice the anchor positions may not be accurate due to estimation errors as well as observation errors. In this paper, we study the localization of wireless sensor node with erroneous anchors, and propose an EM estimator which iteratively refines the anchor positions and estimates the sensor location. Simulation results shows that the EM estimator converges in a few iterations and outperforms the existing robust least squares algorithm.
The Effect of Balanced Scorecard on the Private College Performance (Case Study at the University of WR Supratman Surabaya)

One important factor that is used to assess the success of private college is performance. Private colleges continue their efforts to prepare and fine-tune their business strategies in order to survive in the world of education and even become a winner in the competition. Measurement of performance becomes a very important thing. Balanced Scorecard has goal and measurement that is not only a combination of financial and non-financial measurement, but is the result of a top-down process based on the mission and strategy of a private college. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Balanced Scorecard model toward performance of future private colleges. The independent variable in this study is the Balanced Scorecard that consists of customer perspective, financial perspective, internal business process perspective and the perspective of process of growth and learning, while the dependent variable is the performance of the private college (Y). The sample in this study is 100 people covering over half of the students (IV and above) who are active students at the University of WR Supratman Surabaya. Method of data processing is using multiple linear regression with SPSS. The result of Discussion can be concluded that (1) Balanced scorecard model simultaneously effects on the performance of future private colleges significantly, which is characterized by the significant value of F arithmetic amounted to 0.000 (0.000 <0.05), and (2) Balanced scorecard model partially influences to the performance of the future private colleges significantly, which is marked with significant value of t calculate of customer perspective amounted 0.014 (0.014 <0.05), the customer's financial perspective for 0.035 (0.035 <0.05), internal business process perspective of 0.002 (0.002 < 0.05) and the perspective of growth and learning process of 0.000 (0.000 <0.05)
Price Transmission for Agricultural Products in Brazil

This paper analyzes the farm, wholesale, and retail price series of nine agricultural prcxiucts (rice, beans, maize, soyabeans, potatoes, onions, bananas, tomatoes, and oranges). Causality analysis is carried out to determine the possible existence of a market level that systematically tends to lead price changes. Immediate and total elasticities of price transmission are estimated to provide evidence regarding the relative siz.e of price variations at different market levels. All results relate to the city of Sao Paulo, as a consumption centre, and the relevant supplying wholesale firms and production regions. For most of the products analyzed (those traded predominantly in the domestic market), wholesale was detected to be the market level at which price changes were initiated. For products traded internationally-like soyabeans and oranges-the fann level was apparently the point from which price changes are transmiued to the domestic market. Price transmission may also originate at the retail level for products with high income elasticity of demand or with a conswnption pattern affected by weather conditions, like oranges and tomatoes. In general, a price change initiated at the wholesale level is reasonably reduced when it reaches the retail level. Ahnost all other price changes tend to be transmitted approximately proportionally between market levels. Price transmission is distributed over time, but most of the variation tends to be transmitted within three months of the initial shock.
The Same or Not the Same - On the Variety of Mechanisms of Path Dependence

In association with path dependence, researchers often talk of institutional "lock-in", thereby indicating that far-reaching path deviation or path departure are to be regarded as exceptional cases. This article submits the alleged general inclination for stability of path-dependent processes to a critical review. The different reasons for path dependence found in the literature indicate that different continuity-ensuring mechanisms are at work when people talk about path dependence ("increasing returns", complementarity, sequences etc.). As these mechanisms are susceptible to fundamental change in different ways and to different degrees, the path dependence concept alone is of only limited explanatory value. It is therefore indispensable to identify the underlying continuity-ensuring mechanism as well if a statement's empirical value is to go beyond the trivial, always true "history matters". Keywords—path dependence, increasing returns, historical institutionalism, lock-in.
Generation of transgenic plants expressing antibodies to the environmental pollutant microcystin‐LR

We describe the engineering, regeneration, and characterization of transgenic tobacco plants expressing a recombinant antibody specific to microcystin‐LR (MC‐LR), the environmental toxin pollutant produced by species of cyanobacteria. The antibody was created by a genetic fusion of the antigen‐binding regions of the microcystin‐specific single‐chain antibody, 3A8, with constant regions from the murine IgG1κ, Guy's 13. IgG transgenes were controlled by a leader peptide that targets the transgene products to the secretory pathway and also allows for rhizosecretion. The antibody, extracted from the leaves or rhizosecreted into hydroponic medium by transgenic plants, was shown to have functional binding to MC‐LR. Antibody yields in transgenic plant leaves reached a maximum of 64 µg/g leaf fresh weight (0.6% total soluble protein), and the rate of antibody rhizosecretion reached a maximum of 5 µg/g root dry weight/24 h. Rhizosecreted antibody bound to MC‐LR in hydroponic medium, and transgenic plants grew more efficiently on medium containing MC‐LR compared to wild‐type controls. This proof of concept paves the way for applications to produce diagnostic antibodies to microcystin‐LR, remove it from the environment by phytoremediation, or enhance yields in crops exposed to MC‐LR. —Drake, P. M. W. , Barbi, T. , Drever, M. R. , van Dolleweerd, C. J., Porter, A. J. R. , Ma, J. K. ‐C. Generation of transgenic plants expressing antibodies to the environmental pollutant microcystin‐LR. FASEB J. 24, 882–890 (2010). www.fasebj. org