Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Near-automated 3D segmentation of left and right ventricles on magnetic resonance images

Quantification of left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular volumes and masses from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) images is of prime importance for the clinical assessment of a wide variety of cardiac diseases. Despite over a decade of research aimed at the development of fast and reliable tools for automated endo- and epicardial contours identification, the problem is still open, particularly for the RV as a consequence of its more irregular shape and its higher density of trabeculations. In this study, a novel near-automated technique for the segmentation of LV endo- and epicardial as well as RV endocardial contours is presented. The technique is based on a 3D narrow-band statistical level set and on 2D edge-based level set algorithms. The technique was tested on CMR images acquired at both end-diastolic and end-systolic phases. For performance evaluation, an experienced interpreter manually traced ventricular contours, which were used as reference. A series of quantitative error metrics (e.g. mean absolute distance, MAD) were computed between automatically identified and manually traced contours. The results showed the high accuracy of the proposed technique (MAD: LV Endo = 1.4±0.7 px; RV Endo = 1.6±1.2 px; LV Epi = 1.4±0.6 px), which could thus potentially lead to the implementation of a tool for fast and reliable identification of ventricular contours.
POST-OUTBURST RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF THE HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD PULSAR PSR J1119-6127

We have carried out high-frequency radio observations of the high magnetic field pulsar PSR J1119-6127 following its recent X-ray outburst. While initial observations showed no evidence of significant radio emission, subsequent observations detected pulsed emission across a large frequency band. In this Letter, we report on the initial disappearance of the pulsed emission and its prompt reactivation and dramatic evolution over several months of observation. The periodic pulse profile at S-band (2.3 GHz) after reactivation exhibits a multi-component emission structure, while the simultaneous X-band (8.4 GHz) profile shows a single emission peak. Single pulses were also detected at S-band near the main emission peaks. We present measurements of the spectral index across a wide frequency bandwidth, which captures the underlying changes in the radio emission profile of the neutron star. The high-frequency radio detection, unusual emission profile, and observed variability suggest similarities with magnetars, which may independently link the high-energy outbursts to magnetar-like behavior.
From double-slit interference to structural information in simple hydrocarbons

Significance Electrons emitted from equivalent centers in isolated molecules via the photoelectric effect interfere, providing an atomic-scale equivalent of the celebrated Young’s double-slit experiment. We have developed a theoretical and experimental framework to characterize such interference phenomena accurately, and we have applied it to the simplest hydrocarbons with different bond lengths and bonding types. We demonstrate that such fundamental observations can be related to crucial structural information, such as chemical bond lengths, molecular orbital composition, and quantitative assessment of many-body effects, with a very high accuracy. The experimental and theoretical tools we use are relatively simple and easily accessible, and our method can readily be extended to larger systems, including molecules of biological interest. Interferences in coherent emission of photoelectrons from two equivalent atomic centers in a molecule are the microscopic analogies of the celebrated Young’s double-slit experiment. By considering inner-valence shell ionization in the series of simple hydrocarbons C2H2, C2H4, and C2H6, we show that double-slit interference is widespread and has built-in quantitative information on geometry, orbital composition, and many-body effects. A theoretical and experimental study is presented over the photon energy range of 70–700 eV. A strong dependence of the oscillation period on the C–C distance is observed, which can be used to determine bond lengths between selected pairs of equivalent atoms with an accuracy of at least 0.01 Å. Furthermore, we show that the observed oscillations are directly informative of the nature and atomic composition of the inner-valence molecular orbitals and that observed ratios are quantitative measures of elusive many-body effects. The technique and analysis can be immediately extended to a large class of compounds.
First Club Location and Relative Age as Influences on Being a Professional Australian Rugby League Player

Bio-ecological systems theory suggests athlete development and success occurs via a complex inter-play of factors nested between and within individual, social context, and broader socio-cultural environments. On these predications, this study examined whether ‘first club location’ and ‘relative age’ independently and interactively affected the likelihood of becoming a professional Rugby League player. Data on 1509 Australian Rugby League professionals who played between 1998–2010 were obtained. Compared to population distributions, Chi-square and odds ratio analyses revealed a significant over-representation of players initiating their participation in small communities (i.e., < 20,000 residents), along with a contrasting under-representation from cities (i.e., > 1,000,000 residents). Professional players were also more likely to be relatively older (Q1 v Q4 OR = 1.80; CI = 1.47–2.21). A log-linear interactional analysis revealed no notable main trend (p < .07). However, the specific odds of a professional player being relatively older were reduced (OR = 0.68, CI = 0.50–0.92) when their first Rugby League club was in a small community (i.e., < 20,000 residents). Results highlight how characteristics of the social environment can potentially influence long-term patterns of athlete development and attainment in Australian Rugby League.
Rethinking Mastery Learning Reconsidered

"Best-evidence synthesis" was proposed by Slavin (1986a) as an alternative to meta-analysis and traditional review techniques. The procedure is described as an extension of the "best-evidence" principle in law, where it is a well-established maxim that not all evidence carries equal validity in regard to a particular case. But the way this principle is applied in law is quite different from its application in a best-evidence synthesis. In law, cases are argued and debated. In criminal cases, for example, both the prosecution and the defense present what each believes to be the most valid, "best" evidence. Seldom is the evidence presented by each the same, nor are the conclusions each has drawn from that evidence. It is left to a judge, panel of judges, or jury to weigh all of the evidence and to decide, in as objective and dispassionate a manner as is possible, what evidence is truly best and what verdict or conclusion is to be drawn from that evidence. In a best-evidence synthesis as proposed by Slavin, however, the reviewer serves as judge and jury in determining what evidence is "best" and, hence, what conclusions are to be drawn. Although the reviewer is required to provide detailed specification of the criteria used in selecting the evidence, one can easily imagine two (or three, or a dozen) equally competent best-evidence reviewers' reaching very different conclusions with regard to exactly the same topic simply because they employed different criteria in selecting the "best" evidence. Slavin's (1987) review of mastery learning illustrates clearly the problems inherent in this approach to research synthesis and how the technique can be misused. Suppose, for example, that another best-evidence reviewer of mastery learning research were to choose 3 weeks, rather than 4 (Slavin, 1987), as the minimum duration period for studies to be included. Although neither can be considered an "extended time period," in terms of practicality the difference is insignificant. The choice of a 4-week minimum appears arbitrary at "best. " But given that other more inclusive reviews (Block & Burns, 1976; Guskey & Pigott, in review) have identified a fairly large number of studies of 3-week duration that yielded very positive results, it represents a likely source of reviewer bias at "worst. " This is not to imply that questions of methodological quality and relevance to the issue should be ignored in research syntheses. These are clearly important considerations in evaluating the validity of findings in a collection of investigations. It is to imply, however, that the term "best" in best-evidence synthesis is highly subjective, potentially biased, and very misleading, especially to those who do not carefully scrutinize the selection criteria employed by the reviewer.
Ethnic Segregation and Residential Mobility: Relocations of Minority Ethnic Groups in the Netherlands

The degree of spatial segregation and concentration of minority ethnic groups in European cities is well documented. However, little is known about the residential mobility between neighbourhoods that brings about changes in the patterns of ethnic segregation. In this paper we analyse the residential mobility of minority ethnic groups from an assimilation perspective, according to which moving out of ethnic into predominantly white neighbourhoods can be seen as an indicator of immigrants’ incorporation into mainstream society. Residential mobility into white neighbourhoods is therefore expected to be a function of socio-economic mobility and acculturation at the individual level. The prospect for the long term is that differences in residential mobility behaviour based on ethnic status should gradually disappear. However, in our comparison between the biggest minority ethnic groups in the Netherlands and the native majority, we find only partial confirmation for the assimilation perspective.
Seam carving based on improved line detection

With the vigorous development of technology, more and more people rely on various computer and 3C products. Computer can enrich our live to make our thinking more colorful, but it is limited to the indoor environment because computer is not easy to carry anywhere, even for the notebook. For this reason, more kinds of 3C products with a small size have gradually increased then become the primary choice for playing around. However, the 3C products are not convenient to show the content of image or video clearly. Therefore, lots of techniques which related to image/video retargeting have been proposed to solve the problem in recent years. Nevertheless, these related techniques can retarget the image/video for the most of mediums, but for some certainly pictures or videos, which contain lots of straight lines. It will cause bad result because the line structure had been destroyed. By comparing the paper, the proposed method could perform well especially in some certainly image or video which contains lost of straight lines. We also compared our further improvement with some previous methods to verify the better result we proposed. The first section introduces some of proposed researches which related to image/video retargeting. The related method and the proposed method are shown in Section 2 and Section 3, respectively. Finally there are some convincing results and conclusions are shown in section 4 and 5, respectively.
Temporal Social Network: Group Query Processing

With the development of on-line social networks, more and more users and sellers are interested in group analytics which provides insights into common interests with various relationships. This paper addresses this problem from temporal aspect, i.e., temporal group query (TGQ) which gives people the historical view for group forming and changing. To efficiently achieve our goal, we propose two structures to index temporal social network (TSN), and then a simple naive searching method is designed to process the TGQ, after that we argue a more efficient approach can be implemented by update operations instead of iterative graph generations, which we call optimized method. We conduct experiments on real-synthetic dataset, and the results show that our indexes and searching algorithms are capable, and optimized method is much more efficient than the naive one.
Biostatistical Genetics and Genetic Epidemiology

Obviously a diverse and expansive list, it supports the editors’ de nition of environmetrics as “the use of measurements in the analysis, modeling, interpretation, and prediction of environmental phenomena” (p. vii). The 500-plus entries include the brief descriptions of agencies, data sources, journals, and societies that were similarly part of EOSS and EOB. There are also more than 400 additional alphabetical cross-references to the speci c entries. The editors note that the contributors were asked to emphasize the power of computer-intensive methods and the new challenges of environmental problems in spatial/temporal modeling and risk analysis. As an example of content, the relatively lengthy (11 pages) entry for “detection limits” begins with a brief introduction. Then the next four pages present the basic theory and a historical perspective. Additional topics that follow include sources of variation, estimation in various types of designs, limits for multiple future detections, sample-speci c detection limits, and multivariate detection limits. Following the conclusion section is a list of 42 references. Concerning the overlap with the other two encyclopedias, EOSS and EO, the editors place their entries as “often in less depth than either EOSS or EOB” (p. viii). Production standards from the publisher of these encyclopedias continue to improve. There is increased use of visual aids, including color graphics. The quality of the paper and the binding are exceptional. Nonetheless, the entire package is very pricey for an individual purchaser. Hopefully, emulating the Grove Dictionary of Music, soft cover, CD-ROM, and on-line versions will some day be available. (The new Technometrics 41-year CDs and its on-line editions have made the paper versions of Technometrics arcane.)
Interventions for Students with Behavioral Disorders: An International Literature Review

Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) are found internationally. This systematic literature review identifies interventions conducted on these students. Although the U.S. produces abundant studies on effective school-based academic and behavioral interventions, a search of over 4,000 articles published over 6 years yielded only 11 international studies meeting the selection criteria. Out of 11 qualified studies, 6 reported therapeutic treatments, 8 targeted elementary students, 9 were conducted in self-contained classrooms, and 9 were from the U.K. These findings indicate a paucity of quantitative research determining effectiveness of EBD interventions currently used in schools worldwide. The results indicate that quantitative studies are not the standard of evidence-based practice internationally, and diagnostic criteria and terms used to identify students vary worldwide.
Risk Governance of the Swedish Customs Service: Negotiating Security, Efficiency, and Poor Information

During the last decade, ‘risk management’ has become the common language through which different and sometimes contradictory expectations are brokered in the Swedish customs service. Security concerns, corporate interests and managerial reforms are all phrased—or re‐phrased—as considerations of risk. These considerations are then used to direct organizational strategy and resources. The crucial moment is the operationalization of risks, which are negotiated at the policy level, all the way down through the organization. I will argue that this has happened in the Swedish customs service during the last decade. The successive operationalizations of drugs, violation of intellectual property rights and organized crime have enabled a streamlining of the organization along the policy level risks. The resulting risk governance is mainly about managing the customs as an organization. Yet it also affects the customs' use of force by changing the way border crossers are singled out for control. The traditional, informal risk assessment at the border is being replaced—or supplemented—by formal risk profiles, constructed from the booking information provided by transportation companies. As a consequence, the control selection is increasingly based on a set of impersonal indicators such as mode of payment and possible rebooking.
The Genesis of the High Technology Milieu: A Study in Complexity

This paper addresses the question of 'how and why some places develop expanding industrial complexes while others move along other trajectories', with reference to localized high technology enterprise. It is argued that concern with local resource endowments has led to the neglect of chance events and cumulative processes, key features of path dependence. The emerging industrial ensemble can be conceived as a complex open system, characterized by interdependent activities, sensitive to initial conditions and subject to irreversibilities. In such systems, the relationship between initial conditions and subsequent innovative developments is unpredictable, though common dynamic processes can be detected. The systems approach can address the multidisciplinary features of the innovative milieu, where economic, cultural and political dimensions form an interdependent whole. Copyright Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1998.
Bootstrapping Mobile App Development

Modern IDEs provide limited support for developers when starting a new data-driven mobile app. App developers are currently required to write copious amounts of boilerplate code, scripts, organise complex directories, and author actual functionality. Although this scenario is ripe for automation, current tools are yet to address it adequately. In this paper we present RAPPT, a tool that generates the scaffolding of a mobile app based on a high level description specified in a Domain Specific Language (DSL). We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by an example case study and feedback from a professional development team. Demo at: https://www.youtube. com/watch? v=ffquVgBYpLM.
Identification of a New Ribonucleoside Inhibitor of Ebola Virus Replication

The current outbreak of Ebola virus (EBOV) in West Africa has claimed the lives of more than 15,000 people and highlights an urgent need for therapeutics capable of preventing virus replication. In this study we screened known nucleoside analogues for their ability to interfere with EBOV replication. Among them, the cytidine analogue β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC) demonstrated potent inhibitory activities against EBOV replication and spread at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Thus, NHC constitutes an interesting candidate for the development of a suitable drug treatment against EBOV.
Shifting Perspectives: Culturally Responsive Interventions With Latino Substance Abusers

In 2001, there were 35 million Latinos living in the United States. It is estimated that by 2050 Latinos will comprise 97 million people in the United States, or one-fourth of the U.S. population, establishing this ethnic group as the fastest growing and soon to be largest in the country (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001). These numbers highlight the need for a multicultural paradigm shift, or the inclusion of culture-specific skills and culturally responsive interventions in psychological practice. Latinos face challenges as a racial/ethnic group that the traditional Euro-American model of treatment neither addresses nor validates. Unfortunately, substance abuse serves a purposeful function for many Latinos as a means of escape from the problems related to the social, environmental, and political structures. The current article adapts the model set forth by Parham (2002) as a strength-based therapeutic framework for intervention. The following stages are outlined to serve as the basis for most therapeutic encounters with clients from all racial and ethnic groups presenting with substance abuse problems: therapeutic alliance building, culturally appropriate assessment, sociopolitical awareness and liberation, creating collaborative change, and addressing sustainability of change.
The “ T ” Enhancement of Cache Coherent Protocols

• ∗ This work was partially supported by the Ollendorff research fund. Abstract This paper introdu c e s t h e n o t i o n o f “Seance communication” in shared memory systems and presents an enhancement to existing cache coherent protocols that improve their performance by reducing the overhead caused by this phenomenon. Seance communication is an unnecessary coherent related activity which is caused when a processor invalidates or updates dead information in other caches. The main reason for this phenomenon is the inability of the system to flush cache information as soon as it is not needed ( dead information). We show that Seance communication can have a significant effect on the performance of multicache systems, and since it is not needed for the correctness of the application, it should be avoided. In this paper, we introduce the “TDragon” cache coherent protocol. The new protocol enhances the “Dragon” wi th new sta tes, termed “T" . Present information in these states has high probability to be dead. The new protocol suggests using update mechanism as long as data in other caches is live, but switches to invalidate based mechanism if the information in all other caches is marked as “T” (dead). The new protocol was found to be very ef f ic ient in e l iminat ing much of the Seance communication effects. We examine the impact of the Seance activity under two software environments: processes based (when no sharing is assumed among the different address spaces) and under threads based environment. We also look at the impact of the cache organization and the cache coherence protocol on the amount of Seance communication caused.
Contributions of Psychodynamic Theories to Understanding Small Groups

Psychodynamic theories of groups operate on the fundamental assumption that (a) nonconscious emotional processes shape interpersonal behavior in groups; (b) the lack of awareness of these processes inhibits effective work in the group; and (c) bringing such processes to members’ awareness will help remove this inhibition. Psychodynamic theories can be classified into two types of approaches: psychoanalytic and humanistic. These perspectives further assume that social behavior has biological bases and that a group mind exists. The psychoanalytic approach is governed by a medical model and traces its early development to Freud. Humanistic approaches are governed by an education and the human development model and trace their roots to the early social psychological theories of Lewin. Psychodynamic perspectives have influenced the study of groups widely and are notable for their major contribution to theories of group development.