Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AtHD2D Gene Plays a Role in Plant Growth, Development, and Response to Abiotic Stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana

The histone deacetylases play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and the subsequent control of a number of important biological processes, including those involved in the response to environmental stress. A specific group of histone deacetylase genes, HD2, is present in plants. In Arabidopsis, HD2s include HD2A, HD2B, HD2C, and HD2D. Previous research showed that HD2A, HD2B, and HD2C are more related in terms of expression and function, but not HD2D. In this report, we studied different aspects of AtHD2D in Arabidopsis with respect to plant response to drought and other abiotic stresses. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that HD2D is distantly related to other HD2 genes. Transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and stable expression in Arabidopsis of AtHD2D fused with gfp showed that AtHD2D was expressed in the nucleus. Overexpression of AtHD2D resulted in developmental changes including fewer main roots, more lateral roots, and a higher root:shoot ratio. Seed germination and plant flowering time were delayed in transgenic plants expressing AtHD2D, but these plants exhibited higher degrees of tolerance to abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, and cold stresses. Physiological studies indicated that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was high in wild-type plants but in plants overexpressing HD2D the MDA level increased slowly in response to stress conditions of drought, cold, and salt stress. Furthermore, electrolyte leakage in leaf cells of wild type plants increased but remained stable in transgenic plants. Our results indicate that AtHD2D is unique among HD2 genes and it plays a role in plant growth and development regulation and these changes can modulate plant stress responses.
Mutually beneficial learning with application to on-line news classification

There are three common challenges in real-world classification applications, i.e. how to use domain knowledge, how to resist noisy samples and how to use unlabeled data. To address these problems, a novel classification framework called Mutually Beneficial Learning (MBL) is proposed in this paper. MBL integrates two learning steps together. In the first step, the underlying local structures of feature space are discovered through a learning process. The result provides necessary capability to resist noisy samples and prepare better input for the second step where a consecutive classification process is further applied to the result. These two steps are iteratively performed until a stop condition is met. Different from traditional classifiers, the output of MBL consists of two components: a common classifier and a set of rules corresponding to local structures. In application, a test sample is first matched with the discovered rules. If a matched rule is found, the label of the rule is assigned to the sample; otherwise, the common classifier will be utilized to classify the sample. We applied the MBL to online news classification, and our experimental results showed that MBL is significantly better than Naïve Bayes and SVM, even when the data is noisy or partially labeled.
Mobile Technologies on Surgical Patients ’ Reports o f 2 Anxiety , Pain , and Self-Efficacy in Healing : A Pilo t 3 Randomized Controlled Trial in Iceland

Effects of Complementary Therapies Delivered via 1 Mobile Technologies on Surgical Patients’ Reports o f 2 Anxiety, Pain, and Self-Efficacy in Healing: A Pilo t 3 Randomized Controlled Trial in Iceland 4 5 Margaret M. Hansen * 6 7 School of Nursing and Health Professions, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton 8 Street, San Francisco, California, USA 9 Corresponding author 10 11 Email addresses: 12 MMH: mhansen@usfca.edu 13 Trial number: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02236455 14 15
Hybrid Full-/Half-Duplex System Analysis in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Full-duplex (FD) radio has been introduced for bidirectional communications on the same temporal and spectral resources so as to maximize spectral efficiency. In this paper, motivated by the recent advances in FD radios, we provide a foundation for HDHNs, composed of multi-tier networks with a mixture of APs, operating either in bidirectional FD mode or downlink HD mode. Specifically, we characterize the network interference from FD-mode cells, and derive the HDHN throughput by accounting for AP spatial density, self-IC capability, and transmission power of APs and users. By quantifying the HDHN throughput, we present the effect of network parameters and the self-interference cancellation (IC) capability on the HDHN throughput, and show the superiority of FD mode for larger AP densities (i.e., larger network interference and shorter communication distance) or higher self-IC capability. Furthermore, our results show operating all APs in FD or HD achieves higher throughput compared to the mixture of two mode APs in each tier network, and introducing hybrid-duplex for different tier networks improves the heterogenous network throughput.
BOOK REVIEW

This refreshing textbook is based on notes from a one-semester course given at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Although the course was aimed at undergraduate computer science students, it attracted graduate and undergraduate students from other fields as well. As a distinguishing feature of this book, MATLAB is tastefully integrated with the material from Chapter 2 onward. If it were not for the inclusion of MATLAB codes to demonstrate the various computational aspects (plus a little numerical linear algebra and a trace amount of computational complexity) one might never suspect that the genesis of this book was a computer science course. Indeed, its content is more or less conventional mathematical programming. As the title announces, the main body of the book is concerned with linear programming (LP). This is augmented by three related topics, each developed in a separate chapter. Closely related to research interests of the authors, these ‘extensions’are (i) quadratic programming (QP) and complementarity problems, (ii) interior-point methods, and (iii) approximation and classification. The book is sprinkled with 106 pertinent exercises. From what I could see, none of the exercises were concerned with formulating a model (from a verbal statement) to solve an ‘applied problem. ’ Instead, they asked the reader to prove something, verify something, or carry out a computation of some sort. The authors make frequent, effective use of examples to illustrate the concepts. They use a slug to mark the conclusion of an example, a symbol resembling the Halmos Q.E.D.; by contrast, the authors’ Q.E.D. symbol is a (probably golden) rectangle . Needless to say, the underlying MATLAB system software is not provided, but a student implementation is available at a relatively attractive price, and many educational institutions have MATLAB site licenses. MATLAB codes and associated mex files can be downloaded from the book’s website. The book is developed according to the following scheme. Chapter 1 introduces LP with an aptly chosen and easily grasped miniature example called ‘The Professor’s Dairy’. (Recall that the State of Wisconsin is famous for its dairy industry. The dairy owner in question is Professor Snape, a name familiar to readers of Harry Potter stories. Snape is an Old English surname associated with the terms ‘boggy patch’ and ‘poor pasture.’ It is also the name of several localities in England, notably one in Suffolk [3].) The authors then proceed to the matter of formulations of the LP problem. They take standard form to be
Identification of Zoonotic Genotypes of Giardia duodenalis

Giardia duodenalis, originally regarded as a commensal organism, is the etiologic agent of giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease of humans and animals. Giardiasis causes major public and veterinary health concerns worldwide. Transmission is either direct, through the faecal-oral route, or indirect, through ingestion of contaminated water or food. Genetic characterization of G. duodenalis isolates has revealed the existence of seven groups (assemblages A to G) which differ in their host distribution. Assemblages A and B are found in humans and in many other mammals, but the role of animals in the epidemiology of human infection is still unclear, despite the fact that the zoonotic potential of Giardia was recognised by the WHO some 30 years ago. Here, we performed an extensive genetic characterization of 978 human and 1440 animal isolates, which together comprise 3886 sequences from 4 genetic loci. The data were assembled into a molecular epidemiological database developed by a European network of public and veterinary health Institutions. Genotyping was performed at different levels of resolution (single and multiple loci on the same dataset). The zoonotic potential of both assemblages A and B is evident when studied at the level of assemblages, sub-assemblages, and even at each single locus. However, when genotypes are defined using a multi-locus sequence typing scheme, only 2 multi-locus genotypes (MLG) of assemblage A and none of assemblage B appear to have a zoonotic potential. Surprisingly, mixtures of genotypes in individual isolates were repeatedly observed. Possible explanations are the uptake of genetically different Giardia cysts by a host, or subsequent infection of an already infected host, likely without overt symptoms, with a different Giardia species, which may cause disease. Other explanations for mixed genotypes, particularly for assemblage B, are substantial allelic sequence heterogeneity and/or genetic recombination. Although the zoonotic potential of G. duodenalis is evident, evidence on the contribution and frequency is (still) lacking. This newly developed molecular database has the potential to tackle intricate epidemiological questions concerning protozoan diseases.
Enhancing User Experiences: Evaluating Movie Recommendation Algorithms in Dynamic Environments

The abundance of content and services in the modern digital environment makes it difficult to give people the best recommendations. To address this, recommendation systems use machine learning and data analysis to generate personalised suggestions that improve user experiences and decision-making. This study looks into recommendation systems, focusing in particular on algorithms for movie recommendations. In order to identify the best user-centric recommendations, it closely examines six noteworthy methods, illuminating their usefulness in sifting through the profusion of options. This investigation helps the study improve recommendation system tactics for providing relevant and interesting content suggestions in a changing digital environment.
Process Resource Allocation in Grid Computing using Priority Scheduler

Computing has emerged as an important new field focusing on resource sharing. One of the most challenging issues in Grid Computing is efficient scheduling of tasks. Load Balancing is a technique to improve parallelism, utilization of resources increasing throughput managing and to reduce response time through proper distribution of the tasks. Generally there are three type of phases related to Load balancing i.e. Information Collection, Decision Making, Data Migration. In this paper, we propose a Load balancing algorithm for optimal scheduling. It scheduled the task by minimum completion time and rescheduled by waiting time of each task to obtain load balance. This algorithm scheme tries to provide optimal solution so that it reduces the execution time and expected price for the execution of all the jobs in the grid system is minimized. Load balancing algorithms is of two types, static and dynamic. Our algorithms in this paper based on dynamic nature.
Deliberate self-harm in Swedish university students – onset and relationships with anxiety and mindfulness

Objective: Previous research has indicated that some forms of deliberate self-harm (DSH) are quite common in non-clinical samples and that these behaviours are associated with psychological variables such as anxiety and mindfulness. This study contributes information on the onset and the frequency of DSH in two samples of Swedish university students as well as its association with related constructs and gender. Method: Two samples of Swedish university students (n=500 and n=187 respectively) filled out questionnaires on DSH. Results: In the first sample 30.8 % of the respondents reported DSH at least once in their life and in the second 18.9 % reported ongoing or recent DSH. In the second sample DSH was shown to be positively correlated with anxiety and negatively correlated with mindfulness. Conclusion: In this non-clinical sample DSH is quite frequent and the identified relationships with anxiety and mindfulness are relevant for prevention and treatment of such behaviour. (Less)
Children and adolescents living with HIV positive parents: Emotional and behavioural problems

Abstract This study explores the emotional and behavioural problems in children living with an HIV-positive parent, and identifies specific high-risk and protective factors for their psychological well-being. Data were collected on 718 parents living with HIV and on 1136 HIV-affected children in a European multi-centre study (EUROSUPPORT IV) adopting a cross-sectional and retrospective study design. Sociodemographic characteristics, HIV-related stressors, variables relating to caregiving and outcome variables relating to family functioning and children's symptoms were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. Results indicated a low level of parental HIV disclosure to children, and an elevated level of behavioural symptoms in HIV-affected children as reported by parents. Children had experienced a high degree of distressing life events. In multivariate analysis, perceived healthy family functioning emerged as protective for a low degree of behavioural symptoms in children and adolescents. The results call for a shift towards family-centred service delivery in HIV care and counselling. Service implications are discussed in the light of increasing numbers of women and couples living with HIV who become parents and need tailored support in facing the challenges of being a caregiver living with HIV.
Confined in-fiber solidification and structural control of silicon and silicon−germanium microparticles

Significance Water freezing into ice has a number of fascinating outcomes: Dendritic solidification of water results in beautiful snowflakes, a sealed bottle of beer shatters in a freezer, and ice covering salty oceans at the poles is salt-free due to compositional segregation. A silicon–germanium (SiGe) material system, ubiquitous in microelectronics, is surprisingly similar to water in its solidification behavior. Quenching of molten SiGe microdroplets sealed inside a glass fiber leads to dendritic morphology, with potential use in solar cells. Slow cooling induces compression of these spheres to tens of thousands of atmospheres, potentially changing the band structure of these materials. Moreover, slow solidification results in compositionally segregated SiGe Janus particles, useful for high-frequency microelectronic and nanorobotic applications. Crystallization of microdroplets of molten alloys could, in principle, present a number of possible morphological outcomes, depending on the symmetry of the propagating solidification front and its velocity, such as axial or spherically symmetric species segregation. However, because of thermal or constitutional supercooling, resulting droplets often only display dendritic morphologies. Here we report on the crystallization of alloyed droplets of controlled micrometer dimensions comprising silicon and germanium, leading to a number of surprising outcomes. We first produce an array of silicon−germanium particles embedded in silica, through capillary breakup of an alloy-core silica-cladding fiber. Heating and subsequent controlled cooling of individual particles with a two-wavelength laser setup allows us to realize two different morphologies, the first being a silicon−germanium compositionally segregated Janus particle oriented with respect to the illumination axis and the second being a sphere made of dendrites of germanium in silicon. Gigapascal-level compressive stresses are measured within pure silicon solidified in silica as a direct consequence of volume-constrained solidification of a material undergoing anomalous expansion. The ability to generate microspheres with controlled morphology and unusual stresses could pave the way toward advanced integrated in-fiber electronic or optoelectronic devices.
Motivation-based approach to behavior prediction

The design of advanced driver assistance systems always aims at enabling the driver to master today's traffic in a more safe and comfortable way. In order to judge the risks in a situation, the assistance system must be able to predict traffic behavior. Taking into account all possible future situations for the next few seconds is a task which quickly produces a complexity that can hardly be handled. Taking the human driver as a role model for its software-counterpart, we propose a new concept which aims at modeling anticipation by taking the motivations of drivers as a basis. Starting with a set of motivations typical for highway traffic, concrete situation specific goals are derived. A planning component generates the possible and fulfillable plans for all vehicles with respect to the goals. Then, the observed actions of the vehicles around are compared to these plans in order to derive a plausibility for the underlying intentions. Eventually, prediction is performed for plausible behaviors of vehicles, which are always based on a motivation that can be taken as an explanation for it. First results are shown in simulation for highway exit scenarios.
(Just) first time lucky? The impact of single versus multiple bank lending relationships on firms and banks' behavior

The widespread evidence of multiple bank lending relationships in credit markets suggests that firms are interested in setting up a diversity of banking links.However, it is hard to know from the empirical data whether a firm's observed number of lenders is symptomatic of financial constraints or rather a well-designed strategy. We design an experimental credit to analyze the determinants of multiple bank lending relationships, both from the demand and the supply side.Our results show that borrowers prefer multiple lending when they are credit rationed and unable to stabilize their lending source,whatever their risk level. Moreover, rationed borrowers are less likely to repay and display a higher tendency to switch between lenders.At the same time, we observe that the determinants of lending change according to the type of information available on the loan applicants.If their quality is not observable,only credit history and relationship length matter, while the borrowers'behavior clearly impacts the lending decision if information is complete. Our findings support the view that the number of banking relationships is mainly determined by the supply side.
On line - Affective state monitoring device design

The monitoring of human affective state is a key part of developing responsive and naturally behaving human-robot interaction systems. However, evaluation and calibration of physiologically monitored affective state data is typically done using offline questionnaires and user reports. This paper investigates the potential to use an on-line device to collect user self reports that can be then used to calibrate physiologically generated affective state data. The collection of on-line calibration data is particularly germane to human-robot interaction where the physiological responses of interest include those related to more high frequency affective state events related to arousal (surprise, fear, alarm) as well as the more low frequency events (contentment, boredom, pleasure). In this context, this paper describes the development of an experimental device, and a preliminary study, to answer the question: Can people report, on-line, two degree of freedom continuous affective states using a hand held device suitable for calibration of physiologically obtained signals? In the following paper, we report on both the device design and user trials. Further work, using the device to calibrate existing models of the user’s affective state during human-robot interaction, is ongoing and will be reported at the time of the conference.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders

Purpose – Research on expatriation and global leadership has been characterized by wide variations in defining what constitutes intercultural competence. Greater progress can be achieved if a comprehensive definition of the intercultural competence domain can be established, particularly with regard to the specific context of global leadership. This paper aims to focus on the issues.Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct an extensive review of the global leadership and expatriation literatures, integrating and synthesizing prior theoretical and empirical efforts to develop a comprehensive domain definition for intercultural competence in the context of global leadership.Findings – The domain of intercultural competence in the context of global leadership comprised three dimensions – perception management, relationship management and self management. Each dimension is characterized by facets that further delineate aspects of intercultural competence.Research limitations/implications – The domain.
Increased hepatitis C virus vaccine clinical trial literacy following a brief intervention among people who inject drugs.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS While people who inject drugs are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and will be the target population for future HCV vaccine trials, little is known about clinical trial literacy (CTL) in this group. We assessed the impact of a brief intervention (BI) designed to improve HCV vaccine CTL among people who inject drugs in Sydney, Australia. DESIGN AND METHODS People who inject drugs enrolled in a community-based prospective observational study between November 2008 and September 2010 (n = 102) completed a CTL assessment followed immediately by the BI. Post-test assessment was conducted at 24 weeks. RESULTS The median age of the sample was 27 years, 73% were male and 60% had 10 or less years of schooling. The median time since first injection was 5 years and 20% reported daily or more frequent injecting. The mean number of correct responses increased from 5.3 to 6.3/10 (t = -4.2; 101df, P < 0.001) 24 weeks post-intervention. Statistically significant differences were observed for three knowledge items with higher proportions of participants correctly answering questions related to randomisation (P = 0.002), blinding (P = 0.005) and vaccine-induced seropositivity (P = 0.003) post-intervention. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS A significant increase in HCV vaccine CTL was observed, suggesting that new and relatively novel concepts can be learned and recalled in this group. These findings support the feasibility of future trials among this population. [Correction added on 21 November 2012, after first online publication: T-score for mean number of correct responses was corrected to '-4.2' in the Results section. ]