Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cycles of change in Jomon settlement: a case study from eastern Tokyo Bay

Japanese archaeology benefits from the large number of rescue excavations conducted during recent decades that have led to an unparalleled record of archaeological sites. That record is here put to use to interrogate changing settlement patterns in the north-eastern corner of Tokyo Bay during several millennia of the Jomon period (Early, Middle and Late Jomon: 7000–3220 cal BP). Jomon hunter-gatherer occupation is characterised by large numbers of settlements, some of them substantial in size, containing hundreds of individual pit-house residential units. Detailed analysis of the rank-size distribution of these settlements reveals a pattern in which periods of settlement clumping, with few large settlements, alternate with more dispersed settlement patterns on a regular cycle of approximately 600 years. The regularity of this cycle might suggest a correlation with cycles of climatic change, such as Bond events. Closer scrutiny shows, however, that such a correlation is unconvincing and suggests that cyclical change in Jomon settlement patterns may instead be due to other factors.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics A model of product line design and introduction sequence with reservation utility

0377-2217/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.ejor. 2012.01. 014 ⇑ Tel. : +36 1 887 5154; fax: +36 1 887 5001. E-mail address: lacourbep@ceubusiness.org Cannibalization is a major concern for a firm when designing a product line. In addition, external options from outside the firm’s product line may also play a significant role. In this paper, we investigate the impact of external options, represented by reservation utility, on product line design and introduction sequence. We find that: (a) heterogeneous reservation utility defines the relative attractiveness of segments and corresponding product line; (b) reservation utility makes it more favorable to introduce products sequentially rather than simultaneously; (c) aggregating segments is an effective way to mitigate cannibalization when it becomes too difficult to manage with different values of reservation utility across multiple segments; and (d) introducing products in a non-monotone order of quality can improve profit from simultaneous introduction when the value of reservation utility of a middle segment is particularly high. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The right to work versus the right to income

Since the mid-1970s, restrictive monetary and fiscal policy have led to persistently high unemployment and rising underemployment in Australia. This paper compares two policy responses to income insecurity resulting from these trends, in the form of a universal Basic Income (BI) and a state-provided Job Guarantee (JG). The paper examines how the problem of income insecurity is constructed in each model and the consistency of each approach with an effective and sustainable full employment strategy. While the BI model views unemployment as the inevitable product of market imperfections, the JG model sources its persistence in the failure of macroeconomic policy to maintain full employment. We argue that a more efficacious response is to understand why people are being deprived of the opportunity to undertake paid work. The JG is a means to alter the conduct of macroeconomic policy so that it provides employment opportunities and secure incomes for all.
The Accurate Numerical Solution of Highly Oscillatory Ordinary Differential Equations

We consider systems of ordinary differential equations with rapidly oscillating solutions. Conventional numerical methods require an excessively small time step (Δt = 0(eh), where h is the step size necessary for the resolution of a smooth function of t and 1/e measures the size of the large eigenvalues of the system's Jacobian). For the linear problem with well-separated large eigenvalues we introduce smooth transformations which lead to the separation of the time scales and computation with a large time step (Δt = 0(h)). For more general problems, including systems with weak polynomial nonlinearities, we develop an asymptotic theory which leads to expansions whose terms are suitable for numerical approximation. Resonances can be detected and resolved often with a large time step (Δt = 0(h)). Passage through resonance in nonautonomous systems can be resolved by a moderate time step (Δt = 0(√eh)).
Anticancer Property of Bromelain With Therapeutic Potential in Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Bromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes that is capable of hydrolyzing glycosidic linkages in glycoprotein. Glycoprotein's are ubiquitously distributed throughout the body and serve a variety of physiologic functions. Faulty glycosylation of proteins may lead to cancer. Antitumor properties of bromelain have been demonstrated in both, in vitro and in vivo studies, along with scanty anecdotal human studies. Various mechanistic pathways have been proposed to explain the anticancer properties of bromelain. However, proteolysis by bromelain has been suggested as a main pathway by some researchers. MUC1 is a glycoprotein that provides tumor cells with invasive, metastatic, and chemo-resistant properties. To date, there is no study that examines the effect of bromelain on MUC1. However, the viability of MUC1 expressing pancreatic and breast cancer cells are adversely affected by bromelain. Further, the efficacy of cisplatin and 5-FU are enhanced by adjuvant treatment with bromelain, indicating that the barrier function of MUC1 may be affected. Other studies have also indicated that there is a greater accumulation of 5-FU in the cell compartment on treatment with 5-FU and bromelain. Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) expresses MUC1 and initial studies have shown that the viability of MPM cells is adversely affected by exposure to bromelain. Further, bromelain in combination with either 5-FU or cisplatin, the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic drug is enhanced. Hence, current evidence indicates that bromelain may have the potential of being developed into an effective anticancer agent for MPM.
Cortical auditory steady-state responses to low modulation rates

This paper describes low-frequency auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) to speech-weighted noise stimuli. The effect of modulation frequency was evaluated within the frequency range below 40 Hz. Furthermore, objective ASSR measures were related to speech understanding performance in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. The variability in ASSR recordings over independent test sessions was larger between subjects than within. Trends of increased responses around 10 and/or 20 Hz were found in all subjects. Obtained latency estimates of the responses pointed to primarily cortical sources involved in ASSR generation at low frequencies. Furthermore, significant differences between normal-hearing and hearing-impaired adults were found for ASSRs to stimuli related to the temporal envelope of speech. Comparing these responses with phoneme identification scores over different stimulus levels showed both measures increased with stimulus level in a similar way (ρ=0.82). At a fixed stimulus level, ASSRs were significantly correlated with speech reception thresholds for phonemes and sentences in noise (ρ from −0.45 to −0.53). These results indicate that objective low-frequency ASSRs are related to behavioral speech understanding, independently of level.
Changes in protein phosphorylation in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo cells

Rous sarcoma virus encodes a tyrosine-specific protein kinase (p60src) which is necessary for cell transformation. To identify substrates for this kinase, we set out to detect phosphotyrosine-containing proteins in Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo cells, making use of the known alkali stability of phosphotyrosine. 32P-labeled phosphoproteins were separated by isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gels were then incubated in alkali. Using this procedure with normal cells, we detected a total of about 190 alkali-resistant phosphoproteins. In Rous sarcoma virus-transformed cells, five phosphoproteins were found which were not detectable in normal cells. Two of these are probably structural proteins of the virus. The other three transformation-dependent phosphoproteins, and four other phosphoproteins which were elevated by transformation, all contained phosphotyrosine. Increased phosphorylation of these proteins did not occur with cells infected with a mutant Rous sarcoma virus, temperature sensitive for transformation, grown at the restrictive temperature. We conclude that these seven proteins are probably substrates of p60src, although they may be substrates for other tyrosine-specific protein kinases activated by p60src.
Immobilization of Aspergillus niger xylanase on magnetic latex beads

Xylanase from Pectinex 3XL was purified 70‐fold by precipitation with an enteric polymer, Eudragit S‐100. The purified xylanase was immobilized on magnetic latex beads via carbodi‐imide coupling. The immobilized preparation showed 80% of the total activity bound to the beads. The pH optimum remained unchanged at 6.0 and the Km increased from 0.25 g/100 ml (free enzyme) to 0.39 g/100 ml on immobilization. Immobilization resulted in significant thermal stability at 60 degrees C. The time course of hydrolysis of xylan at 60 degrees C by free enzyme as well as immobilized enzyme was also studied.
Theory of DNA electrophoresis: A look at some current challenges

Although electrophoresis is one of the basic methods of the modern molecular biology laboratory, new ideas are being suggested at an accelerated rate, in large part because of the pressing demands of the biomedical community. Although we now have, at least for some methods, a fairly good theoretical understanding of the physical mechanisms that lead to the observed peak spacings, widths and shapes, this knowledge is often too qualitative to be used to guide further technical developments and improvements. In this article, we review some selected elements of the current state of our theoretical ignorance, focusing mostly on DNA electrophoresis, and we offer several suggestions for further theoretical investigations.
Does psychiatric comorbidity affect drug abuse treatment outcome? A prospective assessment of drug abuse, treatment tenure and infectious diseases in an Israeli methadone maintenance clinic.

OBJECTIVE The influence of psychiatric comorbidity in drug addicts on therapeutic outcome is an important unresolved issue. We studied the links between patterns of psychiatric comorbidity and psychological distress with treatment outcome variables. METHOD 151 methadone maintenance patients underwent a structured clinical interview, twice-weekly urinalysis for traces of drugs of abuse, and completed psychological distress and risk-taking questionnaires for periods of up to three years. Treatment tenure, demographics and hepatitis C status were recorded. RESULTS High levels of lifetime (82.8%) and current (66.2%) Axis I psychiatric comorbidity were mostly anxiety and affective disorders many of which were substance induced. Patients with current psychiatric comorbidity had significantly more current substance use disorders, although they did not abuse more drugs or remain in treatment less time than patients with no current psychiatric comorbidity. Patients with a lifetime Axis 1 disorder remained in treatment longer. Severity of psychological distress was related to current substance-related diagnoses, benzodiazepine abuse, higher methadone dosage, risk-taking behavior and the presence of hepatitis C. CONCLUSIONS Severity of psychological distress, but not comorbid psychiatric disorders, has a major negative association with treatment outcome of patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Surprisingly patients with comorbid mental illness seem to remain in treatment longer than those without. Therapeutic efforts should also focus on treating subjective distress and its possible influence upon drug use behavior.
Supplementary Materials for Surface Normals in the Wild

Here we provide additional details on the choice of parameters used in our experiments. For all NYU images, we use the one ground truth focal length shared by all images. For all SNOW images, we assume the same focal length as NYU. Focal length is not needed to predict depth at test time. In training, for SNOW images focal length is often available in EXIF, which could be used to further improve our results. The parameter λ in Eq.(1) of the paper is selected by performing hyper-parameter optimization on a held-out validation set. They are listed in Tab. 1 The parameter τ in Eq.(3) of the paper equals ln(1.02). It is chosen to be consistent with the threshold used in [4] to generate the ground truth relative depth. We use the same τ for all experiments including those on SNOW.
The MUS81 endonuclease is essential for telomerase negative cell proliferation

A substantial number of human tumors (~10%) are telomerase negative, and cells in such tumors have been proposed to maintain telomere length by the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway. Although details of the molecular mechanism of ALT are largely unknown, previous studies have shown that telomere homologous recombination (HR) is implicated in the ALT pathway. MUS81 is a DNA structure–specific recombination endonuclease and functions on aberrant DNA replication and recombination. Recently, we demonstrate that MUS81 plays a key role in the maintenance of telomeres in ALT cells (Zeng, et al. Nature Cell Biology, 2009). The MUS81 endonuclease specifically localizes to ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (APBs) and interacts with telomeres in ALT cells. Depletion of MUS81 leads to reduced telomere recombination resulting in the growth arrest of ALT cells. The endonuclease activity of MUS81, regulated by its binding partner TRF2, is found to be essential for telomere post-replicative recombination. This study provides the first direct evidence that MUS81 specifically functions on ALT recombination-based cell survival. The specific function of MUS81 on the ALT pathway provides a potential powerful diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for ALT tumors.
Crystallographic Structure of Enamel Surfaces Treated with Topical Fluoride Agents: TEM and XRD Considerations

The crystallographic structure of surface coatings produced by three topical fluoride agents deposited by a single application on intact human enamel surfaces was investigated by light- and dark-field transmission electron microscopy, as well as by electron and x-ray diffraction. The agents studied were an acidic silane fluoride lacquer, a neutral NaF lacquer, and an APF gel. The smallest coherently diffracting particles were CaF2 microcrystallites 4-15 nm in diameter. Large apatite-like crystals, approximately I μm in length, were also observed in the outer surface coating produced by the silane fluoride lacquer.
Keypoint Description by Symmetry Assessment - Applications in Biometrics

Automatic feature extraction still remains a relevant image and signal processing problem even tough both the field and technologies are developing rapidly. Images of low quality, where it is extremely difficult to reliably process image information automatically, are of special interest. To such images we can refer forensic fingerprints, which are left unintentionally on different surfaces andare contaminated by several of the most difficult noise types. For this reason, identification of fingerprints is mainly based on the visual skills of forensic examiners. We address the problem caused by low quality in fingerprints by connecting different sources of information together, yielding dense frequency and orientation maps in an iterative scheme. This scheme comprises smoothing ofthe original, but only along, ideally never across, the ridges. Reliable estimation of dense maps allows to introduce a continuous fingerprint ridge counting technique. In fingerprint scenario the collection of irrefutable tiny details, e.g. bifurcation of ridges, called minutiae, is used to tie the pattern of such points and their tangential directions to the finger producing the pattern. This limited feature set, location and direction of minutiae, is used in current AFIS systems, while fingerprint examiners use the extended set of features, including the image information between the points. With reasonably accurate estimationsof dense frequency and orientation maps at hand, we have been able to propose a novel compact feature descriptor of arbitrary points. We have used these descriptors to show that the image information between minutiae can be extracted automatically and be valuable for identity establishment of forensic images even if the underlying images are noisy. We collect and compress the image information in the neighborhoods of the fine details, such as minutiae, to vectors, one per minutia, and use the vectors to "color" the minutiae. When matching two patterns (of minutiae) even the color of the minutia must match to conclude that they come from the same identity. This feature development has been concentrated and tested on forensic fingerprint images. However, we have also studied an extension of its application area to other biometrics, periocular regions of faces. This allowed us to test the persistence of automatically extracted features across different types of imagesand image qualities, supporting its generalizability.
Coping with a community stressor: the threat of a hazardous waste facility.

Wan, Thomas T. H. , and Scott J. Soifer 1974 "Determinants of physician utilization: A causal analysis. " Journal of Health and Social Behavior 15:100-08. Wan, Thomas T. H. , and Ann S. Yates 1975 "Prediction of dental services utilization: A multivariate approach. " Inquiry 12:143-56. Watson, J. B. , Susan B. Eve, and Edith M. Reiss 1980 " U s e of psychotropic prescription medicines among older adults. " Unpublished manuscript presented at the 33rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, San Diego, November 21-25.
A Semiblind Digital-Domain Calibration of Pipelined A/D Converters via Convex Optimization

This brief presents a semiblind and foreground calibration method for correcting linear and memoryless errors in pipelined analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). We formulate the calibration problem that finds optimal radices for maximizing signal-to-noise-distortion ratio as a linear fractional programming, a special type of convex optimization problem. The method is further extended to the case when the exact amplitude of a calibration signal is unknown. By utilizing the structure of the calibration signal, it is shown that the optimal radices can be obtained by solving the formulated calibration problem via bisection algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the proposed calibration method can correct linear errors in a hypothetical 14-bit 400 MS/s pipelined ADC using only ≈1600 data samples.
Assessment of pharyngeal airway space using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Introduction: Evaluation of upper airway space is a routine procedure in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Although limited insofar as they provide two dimensional images of three-dimensional structures, lateral cephalometric radiographs have been used routinely to assess airway space permeability. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has contributed to orthodontics with information concerning the upper airway space. By producing three-dimensional images CBCT allows professionals to accurately determine the most constricted area, where greater resistance to air passage occurs. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to enlighten orthodontists on the resources provided by CBCT in the diagnosis of possible physical barriers that can reduce upper airway permeability. Abstract
A compact high performance X-band core-chip with on board serial-to-parallel conversion

A core-chip for X-band applications with on board serial-to-parallel conversion implementing a separate architecture topology is presented. The main RF performances are 10dB gain at minimum attenuation, 0–360° phase coverage, 0–31.5dB gain setting in less than 15mm2, resulting in one of the smallest core chips realised in GaAs technology. The slight parasitic cross-effect between phase and gain setting is also described showing that the component can be used in beam forming networks for phased array applications without necessarily having to pre-calibrate at system level.
Pentacarbonyl-1κ2 C,2κ3 C-[(diphenylphosphoryl)diphenylphosphane-1κP]-μ-ethane-1,2-dithiolato-1:2κ4 S,S′:S,S′-diiron(I)(Fe—Fe)

The dinuclear title compound, [Fe2(C2H4S2)(C24H20OP2)(CO)5] or (μ-SCH2CH2S-μ)Fe2(CO)5[Ph2PP(O)Ph2], contains a butterfly-shaped Fe2S2 core in which the Fe⋯Fe separation is 2.5275 (6) Å. One of the Fe atoms is also coordinated to three carbonyl ligands and the other to two carbonyl ligands and one phosphane ligand [Ph2PP(O)Ph2]. Both Fe-atom geometries could be described as grossly distorted octahedral and the Ph2PP(O)Ph2 ligand lies trans to the Fe⋯Fe link.
Predictive control for polynomial systems subject to constraints using sum of squares

This paper presents a computationally attractive nonlinear model predictive control approach for the class of continuous-time input affine polynomial systems. The control law is obtained via the repeated solution of an efficient to solve convex optimization problem subject to sum of squares (SOS) constraints. Closed-loop stability and satisfaction of input and state constraints are guaranteed by the feasibility of the SOS conditions at initial time. Further, the initial solution supplies - as a byproduct - a rational feedback law guaranteeing constraint satisfaction for all times. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed controller is shown by means of simulation of an example system.
THE FIRST SCIENCE RESULTS FROM SPHERE: DISPROVING THE PREDICTED BROWN DWARF AROUND V471 TAU

Variations of eclipse arrival times have recently been detected in several post-common envelope binaries consisting of a white dwarf and a main-sequence companion star. The generally favored explanation for these timing variations is the gravitational pull of one or more circumbinary substellar objects periodically moving the center of mass of the host binary. Using the new extreme-AO instrument SPHERE, we image the prototype eclipsing post-common envelope binary V471 Tau in search of the brown dwarf that is believed to be responsible for variations in its eclipse arrival times. We report that an unprecedented contrast of Δ m H = 12.1 ? > at a separation of 260 mas was achieved, but resulted in a non-detection. This implies that there is no brown dwarf present in the system unless it is 3 mag fainter than predicted by evolutionary track models, and provides damaging evidence against the circumbinary interpretation of eclipse timing variations. In the case of V471 Tau, a more consistent explanation is offered with the Applegate mechanism, in which these variations are prescribed to changes in the quadrupole moment within the main-sequence star.
State-Switching Return Predictability

Return predictability may be hidden from view if the same information has different meanings at different times, especially if information is good news in one state but bad news in another. We illustrate, using price changes in industrial metals, how conclusions on stock market return predictability vary with the number of expansions and contractions in our sample. We also show how state-switching affects predictability results in other studies. Even one strong contraction, like the recent financial crisis, in a sample can fundamentally alter overall conclusions. Since traditional regression tests ignore state-switching, standard tests may favor market efficiency.