Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimally Supervised Event Argument Extraction using Universal Schema

The prediction of events and their participants is an important component of building a knowledge base automatically from text. Typically, the events of interest are domain-specific and not known in advance, and so it is often the case that little or no training data is available to learn the appropriate predictors. In this work, we propose a technique for distantly supervised event argument extraction based on matrix factorization using Universal Schema [1].
Electronic Reprint Applied Crystallography Povscript+: a Program for Model and Data Visualization Using Persistence of Vision Ray-tracing Computer Programs Applied Crystallography Povscript+: a Program for Model and Data Visualization Using Persistence of Vision Ray-tracing

Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases or the like is not permitted without prior permission in writing from the IUCr. Macromolecular visualization is hampered by the fragmented set of available programs and the lack of cooperativity among them. The amount of visual information required for robust structural analysis is relatively dif®cult to generate and rarely allows further high-quality three-dimensional graphic rendering. Here, a modi®cation of MolScript [Kraulis (1991). J. Appl. Cryst. 24, 946±950] is presented which contains the capability of the original MolScript, the ability to carry out a majority of the options available in most other crystallographic visualization packages, as well as several new features of its own. POVScript+ (currently version 1.62) allows anisotropic displacement ellipsoid rendering (read in as a second-rank tensor from a PDB ®le), electron-density polygonization (in several formats derived from a `marching tetrahedra' approach), volumetric rendering of electron density and GRASP/MSMS surface-map input/output. Finally, POVRay output is supported (via a modi®ed version of PovScript) to generate high-quality renderings that are easily modi®ed for any of a number of purposes (e.g. animations or altered textures). POVScript+ provides a marked increase in the amount of structural and atomic detail possible, while still allowing a straightforward means of generating this information.
Myopic Coding in Wireless Networks

We investigate the achievable rate of data transmission from sources to sinks through a multiple-relay network. We study achievable rates for omniscient coding, in which all nodes are considered in the coding design at each node. We find that, when maximizing the achievable rate, not all nodes need to ``cooperate'' with all other nodes in terms of coding and decoding. This leads us to suggest a constrained network, whereby each node only considers a few neighboring nodes during encoding and decoding. We term this myopic coding and calculate achievable rates for myopic coding. We show by examples that, when nodes transmit at low SNR, these rates are close to that achievable by omniscient coding, when the network is unconstrained . This suggests that a myopic view of the network might be as good as a global view. In addition, myopic coding has the practical advantage of being more robust to topology changes. It also mitigates the high computational complexity and large buffer/memory requirements of omniscient coding schemes.
Test case quality in test driven development: A study design and a pilot experiment

Background: Test driven development, as a side-effect of developing software, will produce a set of accompanied test cases which can protect implemented features during code refactoring. However, recent research results point out that successful adoption of test driven development might be limited by the testing skills of developers using it. Aim: Main goal of this paper is to investigate if there is a difference between the quality of test cases created while using test-first and test-last approaches. Additional goal of this paper is to measure the code quality produced using test-first and test-last approaches. Method: A pilot study was conducted during the master level course on Software Verification & Validation at Malardalen University. Students were working individually on the problem implementation by being randomly assigned to a test-first or a test-last (control) group. Source code and test cases created by each participant during the study, as well as their answers on a survey questionnaire after the study, were collected and analysed. The quality of the test cases is analysed from three perspectives: (i) code coverage, (ii) mutation score and (iii) the total number of failing assertions. Results: The total number of test cases with failing assertions (test cases revealing an error in the code) was nearly the same for both test-first and test-last groups. This can be interpreted as “test cases created by test-first developers were as good as (or as bad as) test cases created by test-last developers”. On the contrary, solutions created by test-first developers had, on average, 27% less failing assertions when compared to solutions created by the test-last group. Conclusions: Though the study provided some interesting observations, it needs to be conducted as a fully controlled experiment wit
Tensor-multiscalar theories from multidimensional cosmology.

Inhomogeneous multidimensional cosmological models with a higher dimensional space-time manifold M=M_0 x M_1 x . M_n are investigated under dimensional reduction to tensor-multi-scalar theories. In the Einstein conformal frame, these theories take the shape of a flat sigma-model. For the singular case where M_0 is 2-dimensional, the dimensional reduction to dilaton gravity is preformed with different distinguished representations of the action.
Copy-move forgery detection using segmentation

A copy-move forgery image will contain some part of the image copied and pasted to another portion of the same image. This may be done by a forger to cover some object or truth or to enhance the visual effect of the image. Nowadays, by using much advancement in image editing software forger can easily tamper the image. As a result image integrity or authenticity is lost. This paper discusses a method to detect the copy-move forgery in an image using segmentation.
ERP correlates of word production predictors in picture naming: a trial by trial multiple regression analysis from stimulus onset to response

A major effort in cognitive neuroscience of language is to define the temporal and spatial characteristics of the core cognitive processes involved in word production. One approach consists in studying the effects of linguistic and pre-linguistic variables in picture naming tasks. So far, studies have analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) during word production by examining one or two variables with factorial designs. Here we extended this approach by investigating simultaneously the effects of multiple theoretical relevant predictors in a picture naming task. High density EEG was recorded on 31 participants during overt naming of 100 pictures. ERPs were extracted on a trial by trial basis from picture onset to 100 ms before the onset of articulation. Mixed-effects regression models were conducted to examine which variables affected production latencies and the duration of periods of stable electrophysiological patterns (topographic maps). Results revealed an effect of a pre-linguistic variable, visual complexity, on an early period of stable electric field at scalp, from 140 to 180 ms after picture presentation, a result consistent with the proposal that this time period is associated with visual object recognition processes. Three other variables, word Age of Acquisition, Name Agreement, and Image Agreement influenced response latencies and modulated ERPs from ~380 ms to the end of the analyzed period. These results demonstrate that a topographic analysis fitted into the single trial ERPs and covering the entire processing period allows one to associate the cost generated by psycholinguistic variables to the duration of specific stable electrophysiological processes and to pinpoint the precise time-course of multiple word production predictors at once.
Superimposed codes for the multiaccess binary adder channel

Superimposed codes for multiple-access communication in a binary adder channel are analyzed. The superposition mechanism used in this correspondence is ordinary addition. Each user is assigned a codeword from a superimposed code. It is proved that every constant-weight code C of weight w and maximal correlation c corresponds to a subclass of a disjunctive code D of order m >
Problematizing Socio-Scientific Issues: An Approach to Understanding Student Decision-Making Using Construal Level Theory

The objective of science education is to develop scientific literacy for decisionmaking in daily life. Socio-scientific issues (SSI) and decision-making frameworks can help students attain these objectives. This research uses Value Belief Norm (VBN) theory and Construal Level Theory (CLT) to explore students’ use of personal values in their decision-making processes and the relationship between abstract and concrete problematization and their decision-making. Using mixed methods, I conclude that abstraction has implications for values used in the decision-making process on a prairie dog agricultural production and ecosystem and preservation issue, but that neither abstraction nor value orientations had a significant influence on students’ final decisions.ion nor value orientations had a significant influence on students’ final decisions. 2.
Ecodesign - an Online University Course for Sustainable Product Design

The Ecodesign e-learning course conveys knowledge about ecological product design. The following paper describes the Ecodesign e-learning system, its aims and its pedagogical foundation. Two courses with beta versions of the Ecodesign e-learning system were being held in spring and summer 2004. These courses were evaluated by interviews and logfiles and the results of the evaluation were used for the redesign of the system which is completed by now and in use for a university course. The evaluation was concerned among others with the structure of the content, the examples the students work on as well as with the navigational behavior of the users.
On Single-Carrier Communication in Additive White Symmetric Alpha-Stable Noise

In this paper we analyze design aspects of a single-carrier digital communications receiver in the presence of impulsive noise. We use the additive white symmetric α-stable noise (AWSαSN) to model the channel noise. By introducing passband sampling, efficient constellations and suitable baseband detectors, we show that the uncoded error performance of the conventional (linear) receiver can be enhanced given the real and imaginary components of the transmitted symbol are decoded separately. The performance may be improved further by sacrificing the linearity of the system. Various non-linear estimation and joint-detection schemes are discussed and their error performance analyzed. It is shown that if the receiver bandwidth is large enough, impulsive noise may be effectively countered in a single-carrier communications system.
Essays on Intrinsic Motivation of Students and Workers

markdownabstractThis thesis focuses on intrinsic motivation. In the first part of the thesis I examine the effects of motivating university students to set goals on study performance. In particular I study whether encouraging students to set a grade goal and further motivating them to set a more ambitious grade goal has an effect on their study performance. In this setting, goals are not combined with any extrinsic rewards or punishments. Hence the effects from goal setting on performance stem from students’ intrinsic motivation to achieve their goal. The other two essays focus on workers’ motivations to help others. I focus on two prominent ways to help others: i) by exerting effort on the job and ii) by making contributions to charity. I study the relation between helping others by exerting effort on the job and helping others outside the workplace by comparing equally altruistic workers’ money and time donations.
The Effect of Temperature Treatment on the Structure of Polyelectrolyte Multilayers

The study addresses the effect of thermal treatment on the internal structure of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs). In order to get insight into the internal structure of PEMs, Neutron Reflectometry (NR) was used. PEMs with a deuterated inner block towards the substrate and a non-deuterated outer block were prepared and measured in 1% RH and in D2O before and after a thermal treatment. Complementarily, PEMs with the same number of layers but completely non-deuterated were investigated by ellipsometry. The analysis for the overall thickness (d), the average scattering length density (SLD) and the refractive index (n) indicate a degradation of the PEM. The loss in material is independent of the number of layers, i.e., only a constant part of the PEM is affected by degradation. The analysis of the internal structure revealed a more complex influence of thermal treatment on PEM structure. Only the outermost part of the PEM degenerates, while the inner part becomes denser during the thermal treatment. In addition, the swelling behavior of PEMs is influenced by the thermal treatment. The untreated PEM shows a well pronounced odd—even effect, i.e., PDADMAC-terminated PEMs take up more water than PSS-terminated PEMs. After the thermal treatment, the odd-even effect becomes much weaker.
The soft X-ray cluster-AGN spatial cross-correlation function in the ROSAT-NEP survey

Context. X-ray surveys facilitate investigations of the environment of AGNs. Deep Chandra observations have revealed that the AGN source surface density rises near clusters of galaxies. The natural extension of this finding is the measurement of spatial clustering of AGNs around clusters and the investigation of relative biasing between active galactic nuclei and galaxies near clusters. Aims. We aim to measure the correlation length of AGNs around clusters and the average clustering properties of a complete sample of AGNs in a dense environment. Methods. We present the first measurement of the soft X-ray cluster-AGN cross-correlation function in redshift space using the data of the ROSAT-NEP survey. The survey covers 9 x 9 deg 2 around the North Ecliptic Pole where 442 X-ray sources were detected and almost completely spectroscopically identified. Results. We detected a >3σ significant clustering signal on scales s < 50 h -1 70 Mpc. We performed a classical maximum-likelihood power-law fit to the data and obtained a correlation length so = 8.7 +1.2 -0.3 h -1 70 Mpc and a slope y = 1.7 +0.2 -0.7 (1σ errors). Conclusions. This is strong evidence that AGNs are good tracers of the large scale structure of the Universe. Our data were compared to the results obtained by cross-correlating X-ray clusters and galaxies. We observe, with a large uncertainty, a similar behaviour of AGN clustering around clusters similar to the clustering of galaxies around clusters.
Assessment of speech perception based on binaural room impulse responses

The two most important aspects in binaural speech perception — better-ear listening and spatial release from masking — can be modelled well with current prediction frameworks operating on binaural room impulse responses (BRIRs). To incorporate effects of reverberation, a model extension was recently proposed, splitting the BRIR into an early, useful and a late, detrimental part, before fed into the prediction framework. In a more recent work (Leclère et al., 2015) a relation between the applied splitting time, room properties and the resulting prediction accuracy was observed. This interaction was investigated here by measuring speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in quiet for four simulated rooms with systematically varied levels of reverberation and a constant room geometry. By linking the applied splitting time to room acoustic parameters, the mean prediction error with the binaural model by Jelfs et al. (2011) could be reduced by about 1 dB. Further, the prediction accuracy with pseudo-binaural signals, which can be captured with existing microphone arrays allowing for the evaluation of different head orientations in a post-processing step, was tested. Results were close to predictions with BRIRs, illustrating its suitability for practical assessment of binaural speech perception in existing rooms. All relevant data generated in the course is this work is publicly available from http://dx.doi. org/10.14279/depositonce-6725.
Similarity measures for non-rigid registration

Non-rigid multimodal registration requires similarity measure with two important properties: locality and multi-modality. Unfortunately all commonly used multimodal similarity measures are inherently global and cannot be directly used to estimate local image properties. We have derived a local similarity measure based on joint entropy, which can operate on extremely small image regions, e.g. individual voxels. Using such small image regions reflects in higher sensitivity to noise and partial volume voxels, consequently reducing registration speed and accuracy. To cope with these problems we enhance the similarity measure with image segmentation. Image registration and image segmentation are related tasks, as segmentation can be performed by registering an image to a pre-segmented reference image, while on the other hand registration yields better results when the images are pre-segmented. Because of these interdependences it was anticipated that simultaneous application of registration and segmentation should improve registration as well as segmentation results. Several experiments based on synthetic images were performed to test this assumption. The results obtained show that our method can improve the registration accuracy and reduce the required number of registration steps.
INFLUENCE OF OWNERS' PERSONALITY ON PERSONALITY IN LABRADOR RETRIEVER DOGS

Selective breeding of domestic dogs has created breeds that have various behavioral characteristics and unique morphologies. However, individual dogs within the same breed still show diversity in behavioral tendencies. Studies have demonstrated that a dog’s personality may be associated with that of the owner. However, most of these studies used a mixed sample of various breeds. Given the potential bias of owners with different personalities to choose different breeds, we should look at this correlation within the same breed. Here we tested whether five personality dimensions (neuroticism, extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness) of owners were associated with their dogs’ personality (fearfulness, aggression toward people, activity/excitability, responsiveness to training, and aggression toward animals) in a single breed, Labrador Retrievers. The results showed that dogs’ aggression toward people was negatively associated with owners’ extroversion, and dogs’ responsiveness to training was positively associated with owners’ openness. In contrast, dogs’ fearfulness, activity/excitability, and aggression toward animals were free of the influence of owners’ personality. These results suggested that dogs’ personality is at least partly affected by the owners’ personality.
ROBUST AUDIO WATERMARKING USING DISCRETE WAVELET AND DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORMS

Audio watermarking hides copyright information into the digital audio signal. Embedded data not only must be imperceptible but also should resist attacks and other types of distortions trying to remove or neutralize the watermark picture. this paper presents a novel audio watermarking scheme. This algorithm, divides the digital audio signal into 2section segments. Then, for each segment, the first section passes through a DWT block and meanwhile the second is processed by a DWT followed by a DCT block. While the algorithm hides the synchronization bits into the DWT coefficients of the first section it embeds the watermark bits into the DCT coefficients. Unlike other methods, the proposed approach uses a 4-point quantization technique for embedding the bits. Simulations show that while the noise introduced by the new scheme to the audio signal is imperceptible, the watermarked audio signal is more robust against attacks compared to other methods.
Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activities of the novel and potent non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist ST-1283

Previous studies have suggested a potential link between histamine H3 receptors (H3R) signaling and anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of ST-1283, a novel H3R antagonist, on anxiety-related and depression-related behaviors in comparison with those of diazepam and fluoxetine. The effects of ST-1283 were evaluated using the elevated plus maze test, open field test, marbles burying test, tail suspension test, novelty suppressed feeding test, and forced swim test in male C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that, like diazepam, ST-1283 (7.5 mg/kg) significantly modified all the parameters observed in the elevated plus maze test. In addition, ST-1283 significantly increased the amount of time spent in the center of the arena without altering general motor activity in the open field test. In the same vein, ST-1283 reduced the number of buried marbles as well as time spent digging in the marbles burying test. The tail suspension test and forced swim test showed that ST-1283 was able to reduce immobility time, like the recognized antidepressant drug fluoxetine. In the novelty suppressed feeding test, treatment with ST-1283 decreased latency to feed with no effect on food intake in the home cage. Importantly, pretreatment with the H3R agonist R-α-methylhistamine abrogated the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of ST-1283. Taken together, the present series of studies demonstrates the novel effects of this newly synthesized H3R antagonist in a number of preclinical models of psychiatric disorders and highlights the histaminergic system as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of anxiety-related and depression-related disorders.
Multi-modal social signal analysis for predicting agreement in conversation settings

In this paper we present a non-invasive ambient intelligence framework for the analysis of non-verbal communication applied to conversational settings. In particular, we apply feature extraction techniques to multi-modal audio-RGB-depth data. We compute a set of behavioral indicators that define communicative cues coming from the fields of psychology and observational methodology. We test our methodology over data captured in victim-offender mediation scenarios. Using different state-of-the-art classification approaches, our system achieve upon 75% of recognition predicting agreement among the parts involved in the conversations, using as ground truth the experts opinions.
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods Fitting Stereotype Logistic Regression Models for Ordinal Response Variables in Educational Research (stata) Statistical Software Applications and Review: Fitting Stereotype Logistic Regression Models for Ordinal Response Variables in Educational Researc

The stereotype logistic (SL) model is an alternative to the proportional odds (PO) model for ordinal response variables when the proportional odds assumption is violated. This model seems to be underutilized. One major reason is the constraint of current statistical software packages. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) cannot perform the SL regression analysis, and SAS does not have the procedure developed to directly estimate the model. The purpose of this article was to illustrate the stereotype logistic (SL) regression model, and apply it to estimate mathematics proficiency level of high school students using Stata. In addition, it compared the results of fitting the PO model and the SL model. were used for the ordinal regression analyses.