Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INTERCEPT+: SDN Support for Live Migration-Based Honeypots

This paper introduces a novel honeypot for web application. Recently, web applications have been the target of numerous cyber attacks. In order to catch up new vulnerabilities in the applications, using a honeypot system is a feasible solution. However, there remains difficulty for developing a lure-able, protect-able, and deception-able honeypot for web applications. In this paper, we present an approach in which attackers will be automatically isolated from the real web server to the honey web server. The key features are employing migration techniques to create a virtual machine as a honey web server, making the honeypot to equip the same memory and storage devices of the real systems, and controlling network traffic with OpenFlow in order to isolate honeypots from the real server. This paper also shows our design and implementation of INTERCEPT+, a component of honeypot systems for web applications.
Slowly progressive behavioral frontotemporal dementia with C9orf72 mutation. Case report and review of the literature

ABSTRACT We present a 86-year-old woman without relevant medical history and two brothers who died by dementia, who started at 55 years with depression and personality changes with ongoing worsening (>30 years) and functional decline. Screening dementia blood test and brain magnetic resonance imaging did not show results that pointed to a secondary cause. The patient met the diagnostic criteria for possible behavioral frontotemporal dementia with a slow progression (bvFTD-SP), suggesting a benign variant. A genetic study confirmed a C9ORF72 hexanucleotide expansion, making this the sixth case mentioned in the literature. We review and discuss the other cases described previously.
Response Time Analysis for Mixed Criticality Systems with Arbitrary Deadlines

This paper extends analysis of the Adaptive Mixed Criticality (AMC) scheme for fixed-priority preemptive scheduling of mixed-criticality systems to include tasks with arbitrary deadlines. Both of the previously published schedulability tests, AMC-rtb and AMC-max are extended to cater for tasks with deadlines that may be greater than their periods. Evaluations show that the simpler method, AMC-rtb-Arb, remains a viable approach that performs almost as well as the more complex alternative, AMC-max-Arb, when tasks with arbitrary deadlines are considered.
Beyond using composite measures to analyze the effect of unmet supportive care needs on caregivers' anxiety and depression

Caregiver research has relied on composite measures (eg, count) of unmet supportive care needs to determine relationships with anxiety and depression. Such composite measures assume that all unmet needs have a similar impact on outcomes. The purpose of this study is to identify individual unmet needs most associated with caregivers' anxiety and depression.
PTEN negatively regulates the cell lineage progression from NG2+ glial progenitor to oligodendrocyte via mTOR-independent signaling

Oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelin-forming CNS glia, are highly vulnerable to cellular stresses, and a severe myelin loss underlies numerous CNS disorders. Expedited OL regeneration may prevent further axonal damage and facilitate functional CNS repair. Although adult OL progenitors (OPCs) are the primary players for OL regeneration, targetable OPC-specific intracellular signaling mechanisms for facilitated OL regeneration remain elusive. Here, we report that OPC-targeted PTEN inactivation in the mouse, in contrast to OL-specific manipulations, markedly promotes OL differentiation and regeneration in the mature CNS. Unexpectedly, an additional deletion of mTOR did not reverse the enhanced OL development from PTEN-deficient OPCs. Instead, ablation of GSK3β, another downstream signaling molecule that is negatively regulated by PTEN-Akt, enhanced OL development. Our results suggest that PTEN persistently suppresses OL development in an mTOR-independent manner, and at least in part, via controlling GSK3β activity. OPC-targeted PTEN-GSK3β inactivation may benefit facilitated OL regeneration and myelin repair.
Tissue‐specific responses to aberrant FGF signaling in complex head phenotypes

BACKGROUND: The role of fibroblast growth factor and receptor (FGF/FGFR) signaling in bone development is well studied, partly because mutations in FGFRs cause human diseases of achondroplasia and FGFR‐related craniosynostosis syndromes including Crouzon syndrome. The FGFR2c C342Y mutation is a frequent cause of Crouzon syndrome, characterized by premature cranial vault suture closure, midfacial deficiency, and neurocranial dysmorphology. Here, using newborn Fgfr2cC342Y/+ Crouzon syndrome mice, we tested whether the phenotypic effects of this mutation go beyond the skeletal tissues of the skull, altering the development of other non‐skeletal head tissues including the brain, the eyes, the nasopharynx, and the inner ears. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis of 3D multimodal imaging (high‐resolution micro‐computed tomography and magnetic resonance microscopy) revealed local differences in skull morphology and coronal suture patency between Fgfr2cC342Y/+ mice and unaffected littermates, as well as changes in brain shape but not brain size, significant reductions in nasopharyngeal and eye volumes, and no difference in inner ear volume in Fgfr2cC342Y/+ mice. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide an expanded catalogue of clinical phenotypes in Crouzon syndrome caused by aberrant FGF/FGFR signaling and evidence of the broad role for FGF/FGFR signaling in development and evolution of the vertebrate head. Developmental Dynamics 242:80–94, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
HMGA2 enhances 5-fluorouracil chemoresistance in colorectal cancer via the Dvl2/Wnt pathway

Drug resistance is one of the main hurdles to overcome for the improvement of cancer patient survival. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, and therapeutic options are limited. Here, we demonstrate a strong correlation between HMGA2 expression and chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a widely used first-line systemic chemotherapy regimen for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Overexpression of HMGA2 enhances chemoresistance to 5-FU of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Further experiments indicate that HMGA2 directly binds to the promoter of Dvl2 and induces its transcription, which leads to increased activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, our data suggest that HMGA2 enhances the chemoresistance to 5-FU in CRC via activating the Dvl2/Wnt pathway. Therefore, HMGA2 may serve as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
Are We Missing Labels? A Study of the Availability of Ground-Truth in Network Security Research

Network security is a long-lasting field of research constantly encountering new challenges. Inherently, research in this field is highly data-driven. Specifically, many approaches employ a supervised machine learning approach requiring labelled input data. While different publicly available data sets exist, labelling information is sparse. In order to understand how our community deals with this lack of labels, we perform a systematic study of network security research accepted at top IT security conferences in 2009-2013. Our analysis reveals that 70% of the papers reviewed rely on manually compiled data sets. Furthermore, only 10% of the studied papers release the data sets after compilation. This manifests that our community is facing a missing labelled data problem. In order to be able to address this problem, we give a definition and discuss crucial characteristics of the problem. Furthermore, we reflect and discuss roads towards overcoming this problem by establishing ground-truth and fostering data sharing.
Indocyanine green-incorporating nanoparticles for cancer theranostics

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared dye that has been used in the clinic for retinal angiography, and defining cardiovascular and liver function for over 50 years. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the incorporation of ICG into nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer theranostic applications. Various types of ICG-incorporated NPs have been developed and strategically functionalised to embrace multiple imaging and therapeutic techniques for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review systematically summaries the biodistribution of various types of ICG-incorporated NPs for the first time, and discusses the principles, opportunities, limitations, and application of ICG-incorporated NPs for cancer theranostics. We believe that ICG-incorporated NPs would be a promising multifunctional theranostic platform in oncology and facilitate significant advancements in this research-active area.
Histological Validation of Heart Slices as a Model in Cardiac Research

Recently vibratome-cut heart slices has been proposed as a new model in cardiac research, particularly in studying functional integration of transplanted donor stem cells into the host myocardium. This emerging model has, over co-culture models, a theoretical advantage in maintaining the 3-dimensional cardiac structure and physiological cell-cell connections; however, further validation is needed for this to be an established model. Particularly, the ability of cardiomyocytes in heart slices to connect with administered donor cells remains uncertain. Heart slices of 300 μm thickness were cut from adult and embryonic rat hearts using a vibratome and cultured. Adult heart slices maintained localized contraction for up to 3 days. Various histological studies demonstrated that the myocardial morphology was well preserved with necrotic cells being restricted to the edges of slices, but the number of apoptotic cells in the slices increased with culture periods (16.0 ± 3.2% at day 2 and 59.1 ± 8.3% at day 6). Importantly, immunohistolabeling and western blotting showed that connexin43 expression, which is a prerequisite for gap junction formation between donor-derived and host cardiomyocytes, was markedly diminished by 1 day in culture, suggesting rapid functional deterioration of adult heart slices. In contrast, embryonic heart slices remained contracting at least for 35 days with myocardial morphology and connexin43-involved gap junctions remaining intact, though in the embryonic, immature pattern. Collectively, both adult and embryonic rodent heart slices, in the current style, have critical limitations to assess integration between donor-derived and host cardiomyocytes. Further study to improve the quality of heart slices is warranted.
Microglia replenished OHSC: A culture system to study in vivo like adult microglia

Recent data suggest that ramified microglia fulfil various tasks in the brain. However, to investigate this unique cell type cultured primary microglia are only a poor model. We here describe a method to deplete and repopulate organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC) with ramified microglia isolated from adult mouse brain creating microglia‐replenished OHSC (Mrep‐OHSC). Replenished microglia integrate into the tissue and ramify to a degree indistinguishable from their counterparts in the mouse brain. Moreover, wild‐type slices replenished with microglia from TNFα‐deficient animals provide similar results as OHSC prepared from microglia‐specific TNFα‐knockout mice (CX3CR1cre/TNFαfl/fl). Furthermore, this study demonstrates that replenished microglia in OHSC maintain original functions and properties acquired in vivo. Microglia from ERCC1Δ/ko mice, a mouse model of accelerated aging, maintain enhanced Mac2 expression and their activated phenotype after replenishment to wild‐type OHSC tissue. Thus, the present study demonstrates that Mrep‐OHSC are a unique tool to construct chimeric brain slices allowing studying the function of different phenotypes of in vivo like microglia in a tissue culture setting. GLIA 2016 GLIA 2016;64:1285–1297
Improving Aviation Safety using Synthetic Vision System integrated with Eye-tracking Devices

By collecting the data of eyeball movement of pilots, it is possible to monitor pilot's operation in the future flight in order to detect potential accidents. In this paper, we designed a novel SVS system that is integrated with an eye tracking device, and is able to achieve the following functions:1) A novel method that is able to learn from the eyeball movements of pilots and preload or render the terrain data in various resolutions, in order to improve the quality of terrain display by comprehending the interested regions of the pilot. 2) A warning mechanism that may detect the risky operation via analyzing the aviation information from the SVS and the eyeball movement from the eye tracking device, in order to prevent the maloperations or human factor accidents. The user study and experiments show that the proposed SVS-Eyetracking system works efficiently and is capable of avoiding potential risked caused by fatigue in the flight simulation.
The inadequacies of pre‐market chemical risk assessment's toxicity studies—the implications

Industry provides essentially all the data for most (pre‐market) chemical risk assessments (RA); academics study a chemical once it is marketed. For two randomly‐chosen high production chemicals, despite new European Union mandates to evaluate all data, just 13% of the herbicide bentazon and 15% of the flame‐retardant hexabromocyclododecane's published toxicity studies were found in their pre‐market RA, and a systematic review on bentazon concludes it has greater hazards than indicated in its RA. More important, for both, academia's toxicity studies were designated as lower quality than industries were, despite showing hazards at lower doses. The accuracy of industry's test methods is analyzed and found to be replicable but insensitive, thus inaccurate. The synthetic pharmaceutical industry originated them, and by 1983 the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development mandated their test guidelines (TG) methods be accepted for any new study for pre‐market RA. For existing studies, industry's “Klimisch” criterion is universally used to evaluate quality, but it only states that TG studies produce the best data. However, no TG can answer the realistic exposure effect hypotheses of academics; therefore, crucially in pre‐market RA, tens of thousands of published experimental findings (increasingly at low dose) are ignored to determine the safe dose. Few appreciate this, so scientific debate on the most accurate elements of toxicity tests is urgently indicated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Web-Based Medical Service: Technology Attractiveness, Medical Creditability, Information Source, and Behavior Intention

Background Web-based medical service (WBMS), a cooperative relationship between medical service and Internet technology, has been called one of the most innovative services of the 21st century. However, its business promotion and implementation in the medical industry have neither been expected nor executed. Few studies have explored this phenomenon from the viewpoint of inexperienced patients. Objective The primary goal of this study was to explore whether technology attractiveness, medical creditability, and diversified medical information sources could increase users’ behavior intention. Methods This study explored the effectiveness of web-based medical service by using three situations to manipulate sources of medical information. A total of 150 questionnaires were collected from people who had never used WBMS before. Hierarchical regression was used to examine the mediation and moderated-mediation effects. Results Perceived ease of use (P=.002) and perceived usefulness (P=.001) significantly enhance behavior intentions. Medical credibility is a mediator (P=.03), but the relationship does not significantly differ under diverse manipulative information channels (P=.39). Conclusions Medical credibility could explain the extra variation between technology attractiveness and behavior intention, but not significant under different moderating effect of medical information sources.
A novel mutation in nuclear prelamin a recognition factor-like causes diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations

Two daughters in a Chinese consanguineous family were diagnosed as diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) and screened using whole exome sequencing (WES) and copy number variations (CNVs) chips. Though no mutation was found in the established causative genes of capillary malformation-AVMs (CM-AVMs) or PAVMs, Ser161Ile (hg19 NM_022493 c.482G>T) mutation in nuclear prelamin A recognition factor-like (NARFL) was identified. Ser161Ile mutation in NARFL conservation region was predicted to be deleterious and absent in 500 population controls and Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) Database. And there was a dosage effect of the mutation on mRNA levels among family members and population controls, consistent with the instability of mutant mRNA in vitro. Accordingly, in lung tissue of the proband, NARFL protein expression was reduced but Fe3+ was overloaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression. Furthermore, NARFL-knockdown cell lines demonstrated decreased activity of cytosolic aconitase, while NARFL-knockout zebrafish presented ectopic subintestinal vessels sprouts and upregulated VEGF. So we concluded that the Ser161Ile mutant induced NARFL deficiency and eventually diffuse PAVMs probably through VEGF pathway. In a word, we detected a functional mutation in NARFL, which might be the pathogenic gene in this pedigree.
Effects of oral exposure to the phthalate substitute acetyl tributyl citrate on female reproduction in mice

Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), is a phthalate substitute used in food and medical plastics, cosmetics and toys. Although systemically safe up to 1000 mg kg−1 day−1, its ability to cause reproductive toxicity in females at levels below 50 mg kg−1 day−1 has not been examined. This study evaluated the effects of lower ATBC exposures on female reproduction using mice. Adult CD‐1 females (n = 7–8 per treatment) were dosed orally with tocopherol‐stripped corn oil (vehicle), 5 or 10 mg kg−1 day−1 ATBC daily for 15 days, and then bred with a proven breeder male. ATBC exposure did not alter body weights, estrous cyclicity, and gestational and litter parameters. Relative spleen weight was slightly increased in the 5 mg kg−1 day−1 group. ATBC at 10 mg kg−1 day−1 targeted ovarian follicles and decreased the number of primordial, primary and secondary follicles present in the ovary. These findings suggest that low levels of ATBC may be detrimental to ovarian function, thus, more information is needed to understand better the impact of ATBC on female reproduction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 Is Involved in Angiogenesis after Transarterial Chemoembolization Treatment

Background Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), a well-established treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), blocks the arterial blood supply to the tumor, which can be short-lived as development of collateral neovessels, leading to the failure of treatment. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is involved in development of tumors and metastases. However, the role of MTA1 in angiogenesis is still obscure. Methods We detected the expression of MTA1 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and microvessel density (MVD) value in liver tumor tissues and tumor periphery before and after TACE treatment. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2, tube formation assay, and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay were applied to explore the mechanism of MTA1 in angiogenesis. Results We found that expression of MTA1 increased after TACE treatment, especially in tumor periphery, which was accompanied by markedly elevated MVD value, indicating a significant correlation between MTA1 and MVD value. Moreover, MTA1 contributed to neovascularization of residual tumors. Cellular experiments further revealed that MTA1 increased the stability and the expression of HIF-1α, and overexpression of MTA1 enhanced tube formation and neovessels of chick embryos. Conclusions MTA1 is an active angiogenic regulator; our results shed light on better understanding in neovascularization, which are helpful to predict prognosis of TACE, and provide evidences for intervention to improve therapeutic effects on HCC.
Hepatic Resection Provides Survival Benefit for Selected Intermediate-Stage (BCLC-B) Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Purpose The intermediate stage of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] B) comprises a highly heterogeneous population, and the treatment strategy is still controversial. Because of the heterogeneity, a subclassification of intermediate-stage HCCs was put forward by Bolondi according to the ‘beyond Milan and within up-to-7’ criteria and Child-Pugh score. In this study, we aim to analyze the prognosis of BCLC-B stage HCC patients who received hepatic resection according to the Bolondi’s subclassification. Materials and Methods One thousand and one hundred three patients diagnosedwith HCC and treatedwith hepatic resectionwere enrolled in our hospital between 2006 and 2012. According to Bolondi’s subclassification, the BCLC-B patients were divided into four groups. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results According to Bolondi’s subclassification, the BCLC-B patients were divided into four groups: B1 (n=41, 18.7%), B2 (n=160, 73.1%), B3 (n=11, 5.0%), and B4 (n=7, 3.2%). Significant difference was observed between B1 and other groups (B1 vs. B2, p=0.022; B1 vs. B3, p < 0.001; B1 vs. B4, p < 0.001), but no difference for B2 vs. B4 (p=0.542) and B3 vs. B4 (p=0.542). In addition, no significant differences were observed between BCLC-A and BCLC-B1 group for both RFS (p=0.087) and OS (p=0.643). In multivariate analysis, BCLC-B subclassification was not a risk factor for both OS (p=0.263) and RFS (p=0.892). Conclusion In our study, HCC patients at B1 stagewere benefited from hepatic resection and had similar survival to BCLC-A stage patients. Our study provided rationality of hepatic resection for selected BCLC-B stage HCC patients instead of routine transarterial chemoembolization.
Evaluation of the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system for the measurement of testosterone in the serum and whole blood of stallions

Testosterone (T) concentration is a useful indicator of reproductive function in male animals. However, T concentration is not usually measured in veterinary clinics, partly due to the unavailability of reliable and rapid assays for animal samples. In this study, a rapid chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay system (CLEIA system) that was developed for the measurement of T concentration in humans use was validated for stallion blood samples. First, serum T concentrations were measured using the CLEIA system and compared with those measured by a fluoroimmunoassay that has been validated for use in stallions. The serum T concentrations measured by the two methods were highly correlated (r = 0.9865, n = 56). Second, to validate the use of whole blood as assay samples, T concentrations in whole blood and in the serum were measured by the CLEIA system. T concentrations in both samples were highly correlated (r = 0.9665, n = 64). Finally, to evaluate the practical value of the CLEIA system in clinical settings, T concentrations were measured in three stallions with reproductive abnormalities after the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Two stallions with small or absent testes in the scrotum showed an increase in T production in response to hCG administration and one stallion with seminoma did not. In conclusion, the CLEIA system was found to be a rapid and reliable tool for measuring T concentrations in stallions and may improve reproductive management in clinical settings and in breeding studs.