Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterizing schema mappings via data examples

Schema mappings are high-level specifications that describe the relationship between two database schemas; they are considered to be the essential building blocks in data exchange and data integration, and have been the object of extensive research investigations. Since in real-life applications schema mappings can be quite complex, it is important to develop methods and tools for understanding, explaining, and refining schema mappings. A promising approach to this effect is to use "good" data examples that illustrate the schema mapping at hand. We develop a foundation for the systematic investigation of data examples and obtain a number of results on both the capabilities and the limitations of data examples in explaining and understanding schema mappings. We focus on schema mappings specified by source-to-target tuple generating dependencies (s-t tgds) and investigate the following problem: which classes of s-t tgds can be "uniquely characterized" by a finite set of data examples? Our investigation begins by considering finite sets of positive and negative examples, which are arguably the most natural choice of data examples. However, we show that they are not powerful enough to yield interesting unique characterizations. We then consider finite sets of universal examples, where a universal example is a pair consisting of a source instance and a universal solution for that source instance. We unveil a tight connection between unique characterizations via universal examples and the existence of Armstrong bases (a relaxation of the classical notion of Armstrong databases). On the positive side, we show that every schema mapping specified by LAV s-t tgds is uniquely characterized by a finite set of universal examples with respect to the class of LAV s-t tgds. Moreover, this positive result extends to the much broader classes of n-modular schema mappings, n a positive integer. Finally, we show that, on the negative side, there are schema mappings specified by GAV s-t tgds that are not uniquely characterized by any finite set of universal examples and negative examples with respect to the class of GAV s-t tgds (hence also with respect to the class of all s-t tgds).
Full Genome Sequence-Based Comparative Study of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus from Italy

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute and highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens caused by an alphaherpesvirus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV). Recently, full genome sequences of wild-type and vaccine strains have been determined worldwide, but none was from Europe. The aim of this study was to determine and analyse the complete genome sequences of five ILTV strains. Sequences were also compared to reveal the similarity of strains across time and to discriminate between wild-type and vaccine strains. Genomes of three ILTV field isolates from outbreaks occurred in Italy in 1980, 2007 and 2011, and two commercial chicken embryo origin (CEO) vaccines were sequenced using the 454 Life Sciences technology. The comparison with the Serva genome showed that 35 open reading frames (ORFs) differed across the five genomes. Overall, 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 27 amino acid differences in 19 ORFs and two insertions in the UL52 and ORFC genes were identified. Similarity among the field strains and between the field and the vaccine strains ranged from 99.96% to 99.99%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship among them, as well. This study generated data on genomic variation among Italian ILTV strains revealing that, even though the genetic variability of the genome is well conserved across time and between wild-type and vaccine strains, some mutations may help in differentiating among them and may be involved in ILTV virulence/attenuation. The results of this study can contribute to the understanding of the molecular bases of ILTV pathogenicity and provide genetic markers to differentiate between wild-type and vaccine strains.
Oxidative Stress Mediates the Antiproliferative Effects of Nelfinavir in Breast Cancer Cells

The discovery of the anti-proliferative activity of nelfinavir in HIV-free models has encouraged its investigation as anticancer drug. Although the molecular mechanism by which nelfinavir exerts antitumor activity is still unknown, its effects have been related to Akt inhibition. Here we tested the effects of nelfinavir on cell proliferation, viability and death in two human breast cancer cell lines and in human normal primary breast cells. To identify the mechanism of action of nelfinavir in breast cancer, we evaluated the involvement of the Akt pathway as well as the effects of nelfinavir on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS-related enzymes activities. Nelfinavir reduced breast cancer cell viability by inducing apoptosis and necrosis, without affecting primary normal breast cells. The antitumor activity of nelfinavir was related to alterations of the cell redox state, coupled with an increase of intracellular ROS production limited to cancer cells. Nelfinavir treated tumor cells also displayed a downregulation of the Akt pathway due to disruption of the Akt-HSP90 complex, and subsequent degradation of Akt. These effects resulted to be ROS dependent, suggesting that ROS production is the primary step of nelfinavir anticancer activity. The analysis of ROS-producers and ROS-detoxifying enzymes revealed that nelfinavir-mediated ROS production was strictly linked to flavoenzymes activation. We demonstrated that ROS enhancement represents the main molecular mechanism required to induce cell death by nelfinavir in breast cancer cells, thus supporting the development of new and more potent oxidizing molecules for breast cancer therapy.
The relationship between the Sérsic law profiles measured along the major and minor axes of elliptical galaxies

In this paper we discuss the reason why the parameters of the Sersic model best-fitting the major axis light profile of elliptical galaxies can differ significantly from those derived for the minor axis profile. We show that this discrepancy is a natural consequence of the fact that the isophote eccentricity varies with the radius of the isophote and present a mathematical transformation that allows the minor axis Sersic model to be calculated from the major axis model, provided that the elliptical isophotes are aligned and concentric and that their eccentricity can be represented by a well behaved, though quite general, function of the radius. When there is no variation in eccentricity only the effective radius changes in the Sersic model, while for radial-dependent eccentricity the transformation, which allows the minor axis Sersic model to be calculated from the major axis model is given by the Lerch Φ transcendental function. The proposed transformation was tested using photometric data for 28 early-type galaxies.
Using context information to generate dynamic user interfaces

This paper deals with the use of context information to generate dynamic user interfaces. Our framework is a real environment composed of a heterogeneous set of components. The nature of each component can range from a physical device to an abstract concept such as the number of persons in the environment. A middleware, that provides an unified environment model and communicates context changes, is used by two different modal interfaces. This allows to manage environment components without interfering each other.
ClearView: Data cleaning for online review mining

How can we automatically clean and curate online reviews to better mine them for knowledge discovery? Typical online reviews are full of noise and abnormalities, hindering semantic analysis and leading to a poor customer experience. Abnormalities include non-standard characters, unstructured punctuation, different/multiple languages, and misspelled words. Worse still, people will leave “junk” text, which is either completely nonsensical, spam, or fraudulent. In this paper, we describe three types of noisy and abnormal reviews, discuss methods to detect and filter them, and, finally, show the effectiveness of our cleaning process by improving the overall distributional characteristics of review datasets.
The Organization of Spatial Reference Frames Involved in the Snarc Effect

The SNARC effect refers to faster reaction times for larger numbers with right-sided responses and for smaller numbers with left-sided responses, even when numerical magnitude is irrelevant. Although the SNARC is generally thought to reflect a mapping between numbers and space, the question of which spatial reference frame(s) are critical for the effect has not been systematically explored. We propose a dynamic hierarchical organization of the reference frames (from a global left–right frame to body- and object-related frames), where the influence of each frame can be modulated by experimental context. We conducted two experiments based on predictions derived from this organizational system. Experiment 1 compared instructions that differed only in focusing participants’ attention on either the response buttons or the hands. Instructions focusing on a hand-based reference frame eliminated the SNARC. Experiment 2 provided the opportunity for an object-centred reference frame to manifest itself in the SNARC. Although we did not observe an effect of an object-centred reference frame, we observed the influence of other reference frames in a context where an object-centred reference frame was emphasized. Altogether, these results support the proposed organization of the reference frames.
Social needs of older people: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT Social needs are important basic human needs. When social needs are not satisfied, this can lead to mental and physical health problems. With a growing population of older adults and the need for them to stay healthy and community-dwelling, satisfying social needs is important. The aim of this review is to give more insight into the social needs of older people and subsequently into the characteristics of effective interventions for satisfying older people's social needs. A systematic review of the existing literature on quantitative, qualitative and mixed empirical studies on the social needs of older people was conducted. The themes that emerged were diversity, proximity, meaning of the relationship and reciprocity. These themes offered several intervention implications. Participation in hobbies and in volunteer work and being connected were among the main findings. The social needs of older people are diverse. They focus on both the intimate and the peripheral members of their networks. When satisfying social needs, reciprocity is important. The feeling of connectedness to others and to a community or neighbourhood contributes to wellbeing as well as a feeling of independence. Staying active by doing volunteer work or participating in (leisure) social activities satisfies social needs. Therefore, interventions should focus especially on the connectedness, participation and independence of the older adult.
Direct evidence of a sub-stellar companion around CT Chamaeleontis

Aims. In our ongoing search for close and faint companions around T Tauri stars in the Chamaeleon star-forming region, we here present observations of a new common proper motion companion to the young T-Tauri star and Chamaeleon member CT Cha and discuss its properties in comparison to other young, low-mass objects and to synthetic model spectra from different origins. Methods. Common proper motion of the companion and CT Cha was confirmed by direct Ks-band imaging data taken with the VLT Adaptive Optics (AO) instrument NACO in February 2006 and March 2007, together with a Hipparcos binary for astrometric calibration. An additional J-band image was taken in March 2007 to obtain color information for a first classification of the co mpanion. Moreover, AO integral field spectroscopy with SINFONI in J, a nd H+K bands was obtained to deduce physical parameters of the companion, such as temperature and extinction. Relative flu x calibration of the bands was achieved using photometry from the NACO imaging data. Results. We found a very faint (Ks= 14.9 mag, Ks0 = 14.4 mag) object, just∼ 2.67 ′′ northwest of CT Cha corresponding to a projected separation of∼ 440 AU at 165± 30 pc. We show that CT Cha A and this faint object form a common proper motion pair and that the companion is by≥ 4σ significance not a stationary background object. The near-i nfrared spectroscopy yields a temperature of 2600± 250 K for the companion and an optical extinction of AV= 5.2± 0.8 mag, when compared to spectra calculated from Drift-Phoenix model atmospheres. We demonstrate the validity of the model fits by comparison to several other well-know n young sub-stellar objects. Conclusions. We conclude that the CT Cha companion is a very low-mass member of Chamaeleon and very likely a physical companion to CT Cha, as the probability for a by chance alignment is≤ 0.01. Due to a prominent Pa-β emission in the J-band, accretion is probably still ongoing onto the CT Cha companion. From temperature and luminosity (log(Lbol/L⊙)= ‐2.68± 0.21), we derive a radius of R= 2.20 +0.81 −0.60 RJup. We find a consistent mass of M= 17± 6 MJup for the CT Cha companion from both its luminosity and temperature when placed on evolutionary tracks. Hence, the CT Cha companion is most likely a wide brown dwarf companion or possibly even a planetary mass object.
An efficient quasi LMS/Newton adaptive algorithm for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation

In this paper an efficient quasi LMS/Newton adaptive algorithm is proposed for stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation. This method employs an efficient pseudo-diagonalization approach to the estimated joint-input correlation matrix with an emphasis on reducing its high cross-correlation components. We derive an estimate of the inverse joint-input correlation matrix by means of this pseudo-diagonalization method. Simulation results show the improvement in convergence performance of this algorithm compared to the nonlinear RLS and nonlinear NLMS adaptive algorithms.
A RECONFIGURABLE VLSI ARCHITECTURE FOR MIXED RADIX FFT

The squaring unit is an important one for different engineering branches like Digital Signal processing, Image processing and as well as the in the communication also. The low complexity and high speed hardware solution is essential one for now a day’s communication system. The literature survey reports the either any one of the thing is taken into consideration for hardware solution like either low complexity or the high speed only. The proposed one aim is both factors are implemented simultationly using Vedic Mathematics. Direct computation of square of a given binary number consumes same amount of recourses of multiplication. Mathematical multiplication is an essential operation in any DSP calculation. In this paper, we propose an hardware architecture solution for the low complexity and high speed square unit using the Vedic mathematics principles. KeywordsBinary number system, Square unit, Vedic Mathematics, VLSI architecture
# 2010-029 Convergence of European regions : a reappraisal

We provide a reappraisal of income convergence across European regions over the period 1990-2005 by using a semiparametric partially linear model to approximate the relationship between the average growth rate of GDP per capita and the initial GDP per capita. Estimation results point out both country heterogeneity and non-linearity in the convergence process. Only low income regions converge while there is little evidence of convergence for higher income regions.
Dual regulation of the ugp operon by phosphate and carbon starvation at two interspaced promoters

The ugp operon of Escherichia coli includes genes involved in the uptake of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate and glycerophosphoryl diesters and belongs to the pho regulon which is induced by phosphate limitation. This operon has two transcriptional initiation sites, as determined by S1 nuclease mapping of the in vivo transcripts. The downstream promoter has multiple copies of the pho box, the consensus sequence shared by the pho promoters; the upstream promoter has a consensus sequence for the promoters regulated by cyclic AMP and its receptor protein, CRP. PhoB protein, which is the transcriptional activator for the pho regulon, protected the regulatory region with the pho boxes in DNase I footprinting experiments and activated transcription from the downstream promoter in vitro. Studies with transcriptional fusions between ugp and a promoterless gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase show that the upstream promoter is induced by carbon starvation in a manner that required the cya and crp genes. PhoB protein may act as a repressor for this upstream promoter, which also overlaps the upstream third pho box. The downstream promoter was induced by phosphate starvation and requires the PhoB protein for its activation as do the other pho regulon promoters. These results suggest that the two promoters function alternately in responding to phosphate or carbon starvation, thus providing the cell with a means to adapt to these physiological stresses.
Novel Zn2+ Modulated GPR39 Receptor Agonists Do Not Drive Acute Insulin Secretion in Rodents

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurs when there is insufficient insulin release to control blood glucose, due to insulin resistance and impaired β-cell function. The GPR39 receptor is expressed in metabolic tissues including pancreatic β-cells and has been proposed as a T2D target. Specifically, GPR39 agonists might improve β-cell function leading to more adequate and sustained insulin release and glucose control. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that GPR39 agonism would improve glucose stimulated insulin secretion in vivo. A high throughput screen, followed by a medicinal chemistry program, identified three novel potent Zn2+ modulated GPR39 agonists. These agonists were evaluated in acute rodent glucose tolerance tests. The results showed a lack of glucose lowering and insulinotropic effects not only in lean mice, but also in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and Zucker fatty rats. It is concluded that Zn2+ modulated GPR39 agonists do not acutely stimulate insulin release in rodents.
Quantifying Response Mechanism for Effectiveness of Hybrid Virus Propagation through BT and SMS Channel-A Review

—A sharply increasing development of mobile network, mobile phones are increasingly becoming the target of Malware. It is nothing but a program which is specifically designed to infect the mobile phone it may be a virus or worm or malware. The potential effects of malware propagation on user and mobile phone providers are severe, including identity and information theft, permanently disabling devices and excessive fees to user or loss of revenue for mobile phone providers. In this paper we are going to review on the qualifying response mechanism effectiveness of hybrid virus propagation through Bluetooth and SMS channel.
A power-aware shared cache mechanism based on locality assessment of memory reference for CMPs

Chip Multiprocessor (CMP) architectures are the principal trend in current and future microprocessor design, and on-chip shared cache mechanisms play a key role to realize low-power and high performance CMPs. In this paper, we propose a way-allocatable shared cache mechanism, which can achieve both high performance and cache power reduction by using cache partitioning and power gating. We evaluate the performance of our cache mechanism by a cycle accurate simulator, in terms of performance and energy consumption. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed mechanism can properly adjust the control policy from a performance-oriented configuration to a energy-oriented one. The proposed cache mechanism with a performance-oriented parameter setting can reduce energy consumption by 20% while keeping the performance, and the cache with an energy-oriented parameter setting can reduce 54% energy consumption with a performance degradation of 13%.
Comprehensive Genomic Characterization of Campylobacter Genus Reveals Some Underlying Mechanisms for its Genomic Diversification

Campylobacter species.are phenotypically diverse in many aspects including host habitats and pathogenicities, which demands comprehensive characterization of the entire Campylobacter genus to study their underlying genetic diversification. Up to now, 34 Campylobacter strains have been sequenced and published in public databases, providing good opportunity to systemically analyze their genomic diversities. In this study, we first conducted genomic characterization, which includes genome-wide alignments, pan-genome analysis, and phylogenetic identification, to depict the genetic diversity of Campylobacter genus. Afterward, we improved the tetranucleotide usage pattern-based naïve Bayesian classifier to identify the abnormal composition fragments (ACFs, fragments with significantly different tetranucleotide frequency profiles from its genomic tetranucleotide frequency profiles) including horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) to explore the mechanisms for the genetic diversity of this organism. Finally, we analyzed the HGTs transferred via bacteriophage transductions. To our knowledge, this study is the first to use single nucleotide polymorphism information to construct liable microevolution phylogeny of 21 Campylobacter jejuni strains. Combined with the phylogeny of all the collected Campylobacter species based on genome-wide core gene information, comprehensive phylogenetic inference of all 34 Campylobacter organisms was determined. It was found that C. jejuni harbors a high fraction of ACFs possibly through intraspecies recombination, whereas other Campylobacter members possess numerous ACFs possibly via intragenus recombination. Furthermore, some Campylobacter strains have undergone significant ancient viral integration during their evolution process. The improved method is a powerful tool for bacterial genomic analysis. Moreover, the findings would provide useful information for future research on Campylobacter genus.
Linking Strategic Interaction and Bargaining Theory. The Harsanyi - Schelling Debate on the Axiom of Symmetry

This paper analyses the early contributions of John Harsanyi and Thomas C. Schelling to bargaining theory. In his work, Harsanyi (1956) draws Nash’s solution to two-person cooperative games from the bargaining model proposed by Zeuthen (1930). Whereas Schelling (1960) proposes a multi-faceted theory of conflict that, without dismissing the assumption of rational behaviour, points out some of its paradoxical consequences. Harsanyi and Schelling’s contrasting views on the axiom of symmetry, as postulated by Nash (1950), are then presented. The analysis of this debate illustrates that, although in the early 1960s two different approaches to link strategic interaction and bargaining theory were proposed, only Harsanyi’s insights were fully developed later. Lastly, the causes of this evolution are assessed.