Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel digital multi-phase duty cycle modulation methods for voltage regulators

For digitally controlled voltage regulator (VR), high resolution, high switching frequency digital pulse-width modulator (DPWM) is required. With conventional constant frequency modulation method, ultra high clock frequency is needed, which will consume unaffordable power. This paper proposes a pseudo-dither method based on digital constant on-time modulation to achieve high duty cycle resolution in multiphase application without adding too much hardware cost. About 10 times higher improvement on resolution can be gained in VR application. Experiment results verify the proposed method.
Indonesia and the South China Sea Initiative

· Bigger countries in the region should be mindful of the views of their neighbors and take steps to ensure that they are not perceived to be dominating or bullying their smaller neighbors; · Countries in the region should develop cooperative efforts and programs or projects so that the potential conflicts could be managed by converting them into actual cooperation, since any potential conflicts also contain in themselves elements of cooperation. · The parties could make a positive contribution to peace and stability in the South China Sea region if they pledge to adhere to the principles of international law, particularly to the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention, and declare their willingness to submit disputes to adjudication if negotiation between the parties do not bring a solution within a reasonable time or if the disputes persist to the degree that they endanger peace and stability in the South China Sea region.
Regional cerebral blood flow monitoring in the diagnosis of delayed ischemia following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

OBJECT The goal of this study was to evaluate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) monitoring, performed using thermal-diffusion (TD) flowmetry, as a novel means for the bedside diagnosis of symptomatic vasospasm. METHODS Fourteen patients with high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) who underwent early clip placement for anterior circulation aneurysms were prospectively entered into the study. Thermal-diffusion microprobes were implanted into the white matter of vascular territories that were deemed at risk for developing symptomatic vasospasm. Data on arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, rCBF measurement obtained using a TD probe (TD-rCBF), cerebrovascular resistance (CVR), and blood flow velocities were collected at the patient's bedside. The diagnosis of symptomatic vasospasm was based on the manifestation of a delayed ischemic neurological deficit and/or a reduced territorial level of CBF as assessed using stable Xe-enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scanning in combination with vasospasm demonstrated by angiography. Bedside monitoring of TD-rCBF and CVR allowed the detection of symptomatic vasospasm. In the 10 patients with vasospasm the TD-rCBF decreased from 21 +/- 4 to 9 +/- 1 ml/100 g/min (mean +/- standard error of the mean), whereas in the four other patients the TD-rCBF value remained unchanged (mean TD-rCBF = 25 +/- 4 compared with 21 +/- 4 m/100 g/min). A comparison of the results of TD-rCBF and Xe-enhanced CT studies, as well as the calculation of sensitivities, specificities, predictive values, and likelihood ratios, identified a TD-rCBF value of 15 ml/100 g/min as a reliable cutoff for the diagnosis of symptomatic vasospasm. In addition, TD flowmetry was characterized by a more favorable diagnostic reliability than transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS Thermal-diffusion flowmetry represents a promising method for the bedside monitoring of patients with SAH to detect symptomatic vasospasm. This is of major clinical interest for patients with high-grade SAH, who often cannot be assessed neurologically.
Deoxyschisandrin modulates synchronized Ca2+ oscillations and spontaneous synaptic transmission of cultured hippocampal neurons

AbstractAim:Deoxyschisandrin is one of the most effective composites of Schisandra chinensis, a famous Chinese medicine widely used as an antistress, anti-aging, and neurological performance-improving herb. In this study, we examined its specific mechanisms of action on cultured hippocampal neurons.Methods:Hippocampal neurons, primarily cultured for 9–11 d in vitro, were used for this study. DS were dissolved in DMSO and applied to calcium imaging and whole-cell patch clamp.Results:The application of 3 mg/L DS decreased the frequency of spontaneous and synchronous oscillations of intracellular Ca2+ to 72%±2% (mean±SEM), and the spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents to 60%±3% (mean±SEM). The inhibitory concentraton 50% (IC50) for the effect of DS on calcium oscillations was 3.8 mg/L. DS also depressed the high voltage-gated Ca2+ channel and the voltage-gated Na+ channel currents at the same time point. It had no effect, however, on voltage-gated K+ and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents.Conclusion:DS inhibited the spontaneous and synchronous oscillations of intracellular Ca2+ through the depression of influx of extracellular calcium and the initiation of action potential. By repressing the spontaneous neurotransmitter release, DS modulated the neuronal network activities.
Alpha Activity during Rem Sleep Contributes to Overnight Improvement in Performance on a Visual Discrimination Task

The purpose of this preliminary study was to clarify the association between cortical and subcortical activities during REM and non-REM sleep with overnight improvement of performance on a procedural memory task. Eleven healthy volunteers (M age = 23.8 yr., SD = 3.1) participated in this study which was conducted over two consecutive nights: an adaptation night and the experimental night. They underwent a visual discrimination task before and after the experimental night. A positive correlation was observed between overnight performance improvement on the visual discrimination task and EEG alpha band power during REM sleep, while no significant correlation was observed between the performance and either the amount of Stage REM sleep, REM activity, or other sleep variables. The findings corroborate other studies and suggest that cortical activity during REM sleep contributed to procedural memory consolidation and highlights the importance of measuring quantitative REM sleep components to elucidate the role of physiological sleep on memory consolidation in humans.
Internet topology discovery: a survey

Since the beginning of the nineties, the internet has undergone impressive growth. This growth can be appreciated in terms of the equipment, such as routers and links, that has been added, as well as in the numbers of users and the value of commerce that it supports. In parallel to this expansion, over the past decade the networking research community has shown a growing interest in discovering and analyzing the internet topology. Some researchers have developed tools for gathering network topology data while others have tried to understand and model the internet¿s properties. These efforts have brought us to a crucial juncture for toplogy measurement infrastructures: while, previously, these were both small (in terms of number of measurement points) and monolithic, we are starting to see the deployment of large-scale distributed systems composed of hundreds or thousands of monitors. As we look forward to this next generation of systems, we take stock of what has been achieved so far. In this survey, we discuss past and current mechanisms for discovering the internet topology at various levels: the IP interface, the router, the AS, and the PoP level. In addition to discovery techniques, we provide insights into some of the wellknown properties of the internet topology.
Comparative Genome Mapping Between Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Rainbow Trout (O. mykiss) Based on Homologous Microsatellite Loci

Comparative genome mapping can rapidly facilitate the transfer of DNA sequence information from a well-characterized species to one that is less described. Chromosome arm numbers are conserved between members of the teleost family Salmonidae, order Salmoniformes, permitting rapid alignment of large syntenic blocks of DNA between members of the group. However, extensive Robertsonian rearrangements after an ancestral whole-genome duplication event has resulted in different chromosome numbers across Salmonid taxa. In anticipation of the rapid application of genomic data across members of the Pacific salmon genus Oncorhynchus, we mapped the genome of Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) by using 361 microsatellite loci and compared linkage groups to those already derived for a well-characterized species rainbow trout (O. mykiss). The Chinook salmon female map length was 1526 cM, the male map 733 cM, and the consensus map between the two sexes was 2206 cM. The average female to male recombination ratio was 5.43 (range 1−42.8 across all pairwise marker comparisons). We detected 34 linkage groups that corresponded with all chromosome arms mapped with homologous loci in rainbow trout and inferred that 16 represented metacentric chromosomes and 18 represented acrocentric chromosomes. Up to 13 chromosomes were conserved between the two species, suggesting that their structure precedes the divergence between Chinook salmon and rainbow trout. However, marker order differed in one of these linkage groups. The remaining linkage group structures reflected independent Robertsonian chromosomal arrangements, possibly after divergence. The putative linkage group homologies presented here are expected to facilitate future DNA sequencing efforts in Chinook salmon.
Implementation of semantic segmentation for road and lane detection on an autonomous ground vehicle with LIDAR

While current implementations of LIDAR-based autonomous driving systems are capable of road following and obstacle avoidance, they are still unable to detect road lane markings, which is required for lane keeping during autonomous driving sequences. In this paper, we present an implementation of semantic image segmentation to enhance a LIDAR-based autonomous ground vehicle for road and lane marking detection, in addition to object perception and classification. To achieve this, we installed and calibrated a low-cost monocular camera onto a LIDAR-fitted Formula-SAE Electric car as our test bench. Tests were performed first on video recordings of local roads to verify the feasibility of semantic segmentation, and then on the Formula-SAE car with LIDAR readings. Results from semantic segmentation confirmed that the road areas in each video frame were properly segmented, and that road edges and lane markers can be classified. By combining this information with LIDAR measurements for road edges and obstacles, distance measurements for each segmented object can be obtained, thereby allowing the vehicle to be programmed to drive autonomously within the road lanes and away from road edges.
Interactive hypervideo visualization for browsing behavior analysis

Processing web interaction data is known to be cumbersome and time-consuming. State-of-the-art web tracking systems usually allow replaying user interactions in the form of mouse tracks, a video-like visualization scheme, to engage practitioners in the analysis process. However, traditional online video inspection has not explored the full capabilities of hypermedia and interactive techniques. In this paper, we introduce a web-based tracking tool that generates interactive visualizations from users' activity. The system unobtrusively collects browser events derived from normal usage, offering a unified framework to inspect interaction data in several ways. We compare our approach to related work in the research community as well as in commercial systems, and describe how ours fits in a real-world scenario. This research shows that there is a wide range of applications where the proposed tool can assist the WWW community.
Innovation Portfolio Management: A Synthesis and Research Agenda

Innovation portfolio management (IPM) addresses the resource allocation across a firm's portfolio of new product development projects consistent with corporate strategy. The paper provides a comprehensive review of IPM research and offers new conceptual arguments by systematizing prior findings in the following four categories: optimization perspective, strategic perspective, decision‐making perspective and organizational perspective. These different approaches to IPM have been largely disconnected so far, but they can complement one another to provide new theoretical insights into a critical topic in innovation research. The different approaches are therefore integrated into an overarching perspective and a detailed research agenda is proposed.
Geographical Barriers to Employment for American-born and Immigrant Workers

Residential segregation interacts with the changing geography of transport and employment in urban areas to restrict access to workplaces. A growing literature suggests that spatial barriers limit the job opportunities of minority women and men in American cities. This study examines the nature and extent of geographical barriers for minority immigrants by analysing their commuting behaviour. Information from the 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample is used to compare the commuting times of immigrant and native-born minority women in central parts of the New York Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area. The effects of occupation, wages, family responsibilities, transport mode, year of arrival in the US and English fluency on commuting time are assessed separately for immigrant men and women. The results suggest that race/ethnic group has a larger influence on commuting times than place of birth. However, white immigrant women's employment is less restricted by geographical barriers than that of minority immigrants. The findings confirm the diversity of immigrant women's experiences, reinforcing the need to consider the interrelations among gender, race and class when examining urban labour markets.
Sub-200 ps CRT in monolithic scintillator PET detectors using digital SiPM arrays and maximum likelihood interaction time estimation

Digital silicon photomultiplier (dSiPM) arrays have favorable characteristics for application in monolithic scintillator detectors for time-of-flight positron emission tomography (PET). To fully exploit these benefits, a maximum likelihood interaction time estimation (MLITE) method was developed to derive the time of interaction from the multiple time stamps obtained per scintillation event. MLITE was compared to several deterministic methods. Timing measurements were performed with monolithic scintillator detectors based on novel dSiPM arrays and LSO:Ce,0.2%Ca crystals of 16 × 16 × 10 mm3, 16 × 16 × 20 mm3, 24 × 24 × 10 mm3, and 24 × 24 × 20 mm3. The best coincidence resolving times (CRTs) for pairs of identical detectors were obtained with MLITE and measured 157 ps, 185 ps, 161 ps, and 184 ps full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM), respectively. For comparison, a small reference detector, consisting of a 3 × 3 × 5 mm3 LSO:Ce,0.2%Ca crystal coupled to a single pixel of a dSiPM array, was measured to have a CRT as low as 120 ps FWHM. The results of this work indicate that the influence of the optical transport of the scintillation photons on the timing performance of monolithic scintillator detectors can at least partially be corrected for by utilizing the information contained in the spatio-temporal distribution of the collection of time stamps registered per scintillation event.
Past Results, Present Trends, and Future Challenges in Intrabody Communication

Intrabody communication (IBC) is a wireless communication technology using the human body to develop body area networks (BANs) for remote and ubiquitous monitoring. IBC uses living tissues as a transmission medium, achieving power-saving and miniaturized transceivers, making communications more robust against external interference and attacks on the privacy of transmitted data. Due to these advantages, IBC has been included as a third physical layer in the IEEE 802.15. 6 standard for wireless body area networks (WBANs) designated as Human Body Communication (HBC). Further research is needed to compare both methods depending on the characteristics of IBC application. Challenges remain for an optimal deployment of IBC technology, such as the effect of long-term use in the human body, communication optimization through more realistic models, the influence of both anthropometric characteristics and the subject’s movement on the transmission performance, standardization of communications, and development of small-size and energy-efficient prototypes with increased data rate. The purpose of this work is to provide an in-depth overview of recent advances and future challenges in human body/intrabody communication for wireless communications and mobile computing.
Comparison of thiopentone/guaifenesin, ketamine/guaifenesin and ketamine/ midazolam for the induction of horses to be anaesthetised with isoflurane

Forty-eight horses subjected to elective surgery were randomly assigned to three groups of 16 horses. After premedication with 0-1 mg/kg acepromazine intramuscularly and 0.6 mg/kg xylazine intravenously, anaesthesia was induced either with 2 g thiopentone in 500 ml of a 10 per cent guaifenesin solution, given intravenously at a dose of 1 ml/kg (group TG), or with 100 mg/kg guaifenesin and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine given intravenously (group KG), or with 0.06 mg/kg midazolam, and 2.2 mg/kg ketamine given intravenously (group KM). Anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane. The mean (sd) end tidal isoflurane concentration (per cent) needed to maintain a light surgical anaesthesia (stage III, plane 2) was significantly lower in group KM (0.91 [0.03]) than in groups TG (1.11 [0.03]) and KG (1.14 [0.03]). The mean (sd) arterial pressure (mmHg) was significantly lower in group KG (67.4 [2.07]) than in groups TG (75.6 [2.23]) and KM (81.0 [2.16]). There were no significant differences in the logarithm of the heart rate, recovery time or quality of recovery between the three induction groups. However, pronounced ataxia was observed in the horses of group KM, especially after periods of anaesthesia lasting less than 75 minutes.
Risperidone-induced psychosis and depression in a child with a mitochondrial disorder.

OBJECTIVE To our knowledge, this is the first published case report of an adolescent girl with a mitochondrial disorder and depression who displayed both new-onset psychotic and increased mood symptoms during treatment with risperidone. DATA A 16-year-old girl was treated with risperidone for mood lability and impulsivity at a community hospital. Within days, she developed paranoid ideation, profound psychomotor retardation, increased depression, and fatigue. She was transferred to an inpatient psychiatric hospital, where she was taken off risperidone. Within 48 hours after discontinuation of the medication, she had complete resolution of psychotic symptoms, fatigue, and psychomotor retardation, and her depression improved. CONCLUSIONS This observation of "on-off" risperidone treatment suggests that risperidone may have worsened both psychiatric and physical manifestations of the mitochondrial disorder in this adolescent. These findings are consistent with recent in vitro literature, which implicate a series of neuroleptic medications with mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, the authors provide diagnostic and treatment options that are available for mitochondrial disorders, which are of interest to child psychiatrists due to the central nervous system manifestations of these disorders.
Mitochondrial Complex I Function Affects Halothane Sensitivity in Caenorhabditis elegans

Background:The gene gas-1 encodes a subunit of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in Caenorhabditis elegans. A mutation in gas-1 profoundly increases sensitivity of C. elegans to volatile anesthetics. It is unclear which aspects of mitochondrial function account for the hypersensitivity of the mutant. Methods:Oxidative phosphorylation was determined by measuring mitochondrial oxygen consumption using electron donors specific for either complex I or complex II. Adenosine triphosphate concentrations were determined by measuring luciferase activity. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins was identified using specific antibodies. Results:Halothane inhibited oxidative phosphorylation in isolated wild-type mitochondria within a concentration range that immobilizes intact worms. At equal halothane concentrations, complex I activity but not complex II activity was lower in mitochondria from mutant (gas-1) animals than from wild-type (N2) animals. The halothane concentrations needed to immobilize 50% of N2 or gas-1 animals, respectively, did not reduce oxidative phosphorylation to identical rates in the two strains. In air, adenosine triphosphate concentrations were similar for N2 and gas-1 but were decreased in the presence of halothane only in gas-1 animals. Oxygen tension changed the sensitivity of both strains to halothane. When nematodes were raised in room air, oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins was increased in the mutant animal compared with the wild type. Conclusions:Rates of oxidative phosphorylation and changes in adenosine triphosphate concentrations by themselves do not control anesthetic-induced immobility of wild-type C. elegans. However, they may contribute to the increased sensitivity to volatile anesthetics of the gas-1 mutant. Oxidative damage to proteins may be an important contributor to sensitivity to volatile anesthetics in C. elegans.
A new nine level stacked inverter topology for a symmetric six phase induction motor with low voltage devices and using a single DC link

This paper proposes a new 9-level stacked inverter for a symmetric six phase induction motor with low voltage devices using a single DC link. The six phase inverter is developed using 2 three phase 9-level stacked inverters. Each of these three phase stacked inverter is developed by stacking two 5-level inverters. The three phase 9-level inverter needs two DC sources for its operation. All the capacitors in this topology can be balanced using the switching state redundancies within a sampling interval irrespective of load power factor and modulation index. Using proper switching state redundancies, the developed six phase inverter can be operated with a single DC link. A laboratory prototype is developed and a six phase IM is run using V/f control scheme. Both steady state and transient results are presented.
GUIR at SemEval-2017 Task 12: A Framework for Cross-Domain Clinical Temporal Information Extraction

Clinical TempEval 2017 (SemEval 2017 Task 12) addresses the task of cross-domain temporal extraction from clinical text. We present a system for this task that uses supervised learning for the extraction of temporal expression and event spans with corresponding attributes and narrative container relations. Approaches include conditional random fields and decision tree ensembles, using lexical, syntactic, semantic, distributional, and rule-based features. Our system received best or second best scores in TIMEX3 span, EVENT span, and CONTAINS relation extraction.