Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A portable Software Architecture for Mesh-Independent Particle Tracking Algorithms

Particle tracking methods are central to a wide spectrum of scientific computing applications. To support such applications, this paper presents a compact software architecture that can be used to interface parallel particle tracking software to computational mesh management systems. A detailed description is presented of the in-element particle tracking framework supported by this software architecture—a framework that encompasses most particle tracking applications. The use of this parallel software architecture is illustrated through the implementation of two differential equation solvers, the forward Euler and an implicit trapezoidal method, on a distributed, unstructured, computational mesh. A design goal of this software effort has been to interface to software libraries such as Scalable Unstructured Mesh Algorithms and Applications (SUMAA3d) in addition to application codes (e.g. FEMWATER). This goal of portability is achieved through a software architecture that specifies a lightweight functional interface that maintains the full functionality required by particle–mesh methods. The use of this approach in parallel programming environments written in C and Fortran is demonstrated.
Plasma Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and Its Relationship to Plasma Lipoproteins and Apolipoprotein A-I-Containing Lipoproteins in IDDM Patients With Microalbuminuria and Clinical Nephropathy

OBJECTIVE To study the distribution of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with nephropathy and factors involved in the regulation of HDL, including plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) activities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants included 52 microalbuminuric IDDM patients (with a urinary albumin excretion rate [UAER] of 20–200 μg/min), 37 macroalbuminuric IDDM patients (UAER >200 μg/min), and 64 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients (UAER <20 μg/min). Groups were matched for age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, and glycemic control (HbA1). RESULTS Median concentrations of HDL and HDL2 cholesterol were 11.6 (P = 0.01) and 22.7% (P = 0.01) less in microalbuminuric patients and 5.1 and 15.5% less in macroalbuminuric patients compared with normoalbuminuric patients. No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of apoA-I, apoA-II (apolipoprotein) or LpA-I or LpA-I:A-II (lipoprotein) particles between the groups. HDL cholesterol: apoA-I + apoA-II ratio was significantly lower in micro- (19.7 ± 4.2 (± SD); P < 0.01) and macroalbuminuric patients (20.0 ± 3.7, P < 0.05) than in normoalbuminuric patients (22.1 ± 4.4). Postheparin plasma LPL:IIL ratio was lower in microalbuminuric patients compared with normoalbuminuric patients (1.65 vs. 1.05 [median], P < 0.01). Plasma CETP activity was higher in the macroalbuminuric patients than in micro- (P < 0.05) and normoalbuminuric patients (P < 0.05) but did not correlate with HDL, HDL2, or HDL, cholesterol. LPLHL ratio correlated positively with HDL cholesterol (r = 0.372, P < 0.001), HDL2 cholesterol (r = 0.413, P < 0.001) and with LpA-I particles (r = 0.355, P < 0.001) but not with LpA-I:A-II particles (r = –0.065, NS). CONCLUSIONS IDDM patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria show only trivial changes in concentrations of different HDL parameters, which cannot explain the excess risk of coronary heart disease in these patients. Data also indicate that elevation of CETP activity in IDDM patients with nephropathy is probably not responsible for the lowering of HDL cholesterol.
Expression of IGF‐I splice variants in young and old human skeletal muscle after high resistance exercise

The mRNA expression of two splice variants of the insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) gene, IGF‐IEa and mechano growth factor (MGF), were studied in human skeletal muscle. Subjects (eight young, aged 25–36 years, and seven elderly, aged 70–82 years) completed 10 sets of six repetitions of single legged knee extensor exercise at 80 % of their one repetition maximum. Muscle biopsy samples were obtained from the quadriceps muscle of both the control and exercised legs 2.5 h after completion of the exercise bout. Expression levels of the IGF‐I mRNA transcripts were determined using real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR with specific primers. The resting levels of MGF were significantly (≈100‐fold) lower than those of the IGF‐IEa isoform. No difference was observed between the resting levels of the two isoforms between the two subject groups. High resistance exercise resulted in a significant increase in MGF mRNA in the young, but not in the elderly subjects. No changes in IGF‐IEa mRNA levels were observed as a result of exercise in either group. The mRNA levels of the transcription factor MyoD were greater at rest in the older subjects (P < 0.05), but there was no significant effect of the exercise bout. Electrophoretic separation of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms showed the older subjects to have a lower (P < 0.05) percentage of MHC‐II isoforms than the young subjects. However, no association was observed between the composition of the muscle and changes in the IGF‐I isoforms with exercise. The data from this study show an attenuated MGF response to high resistance exercise in the older subjects, indicative of age‐related desensitivity to mechanical loading. The data in young subjects indicate that the MGF and IGF‐IEa isoforms are differentially regulated in human skeletal muscle.
IPOs and Product Quality

Given recent public attention paid to high-flying Internet IPOs such as Yahoo and Amazon.com, we explore a product market motive for going public. We develop a model where consumers discern product quality from the stock price. The model predicts that only better-quality firms will go public. Effects of IPO announcements on rival firms' stock prices are related to inferences about market size and market share. The model also predicts that the likelihood of "hot issue" markets depends on the distribution of market size uncertainty and the degree of network externalities present in consumer preferences. Copyright 2001 by University of Chicago Press.
War Finance and Interest Rate Targeting: Regime Changes in 1914-1918

Abstract Short-term nominal interest rates in the United States and the UK experienced a structural change from stationary to nonstationary processes somewhere in the period 1914-1918. The most popular story thus far- based on switching-regression techniques-is that the founding of the Federal Reserve in November 1914 caused a simultaneous shift in both countries in early 1915. I use a recursive Bayesian method to show that this conclusion is flawed and the standard method lacks robustness. My results suggest a switch to nonstationary in late 1915 for the UK and in late 1917 for the United States related to the start of interest targeting in each country after entry into World War I and the consequent need for cheap finance of military expenditures.
Membrane Systems for Robot Control Architectures

Membrane systems are computational models inspired in basic characteristics of biological membranes concerning the way they process chemical compounds, energy and information. They represent a new distributed parallel computation model where the cooperation between objects (membranes) is possible to solve complex problems. Membrane systems exhibit a hierarchical topology where well-delimited computer units coexist. On the other hand, there are several control architectures for robots, classified in according their characteristics. A special class is the behavior based architecture, represented by the dynamic schema hierarchy model, the subsumption architecture, DAMN, etc. The idea behind this class of architectures is developing autonomous robotic behaviors by means of hybridizing perception and control. In this paper we propose the use of membrane systems as a behavior based robot architecture to exploit the parallel computing characteristic of membranes. We try to map behaviors to membranes to build the proposed architecture. The developed architecture was tested in an educational robot
SYSTEMATIC SYNTHESIS OF SECOND GENERATION CURRENT-CONTROLLED CONVEYOR-BASED TOW-THOMAS FILTERS WITH ORTHOGONAL TUNE OF POLE FREQUENCY AND QUALITY FACTOR

This paper initially modifies an original Tow-Thomas (T-T) filter and presents the nodal admittance matrix (NAM) of the T-T filter with orthogonal control of fo and Q. Furthermore, in accordance with the nullor-mirror models of the second generation current-controlled conveyor (CCCII), two different topological classes of the T-T filter, class A and class B filters, are acquired by bracket notation method. The class A filter, employing five single-output CCCIIs, has 128 equivalent realizations, the class B filter, employing three single-output CCCIIs and one dual-output CCCII, has also 128 equivalent realizations. 256 different forms of the current-mode and trans-resistance-mode T-T filters are synthesized in all. The synthesized circuits are easy to be integrated and fo and Q can be orthogonally tuned by tuning bias currents of the CCC s. The hand analysis and computer simulation are included to support the generation method.
Analysing the composition of the SME sector in high- and low-income regions: Some research hypotheses

Certain qualitative characteristics of the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating within a territory might be essential to explain their macroeconomic impact. From this perspective, this article explores the relationship between the composition of the SME sector and the level of regional economic development. In this regard, a conceptual framework to analyse the composition of SME sectors is proposed considering two key aspects: on the one hand, different dimensions of SMEs’ entrepreneurial orientation – innovation, cooperation, proactivity and quality orientation; and, on the other hand, the role of the external effects resulting from the inter-firm productive linkages within a specific area – differentiating between domestic, dependent, exporting and extravert SMEs. The relationship between these two key aspects is also considered and tested using a multinomial logit model. The empirical analysis uses data from a survey among over 650 SMEs in two Spanish provinces: Barcelona, as an example of a high-income economy, and Seville, as an example of a comparatively backward area.
Elevated levels of TWEAK in skeletal muscle promote visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction

Skeletal muscle is responsible for the majority of glucose disposal in body. Impairment in skeletal muscle glucose handling capacity leads to the state of insulin resistance. The TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) cytokine has now emerged as a major regulator of skeletal muscle mass and function. However, the role of TWEAK in skeletal muscle metabolic function remains less understood. Here, we demonstrate that with progressive age, skeletal muscle‐specific TWEAK‐transgenic (TWEAK‐Tg) mice gain increased body weight (~16%) and fat mass (~64%) and show glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity. TWEAK‐Tg mice also exhibit adipocyte hypertrophy in the epididymal fat. Oxygen uptake, voluntary physical activity, and exercise capacity were significantly reduced in TWEAK‐Tg mice compared with controls. Overexpression of TWEAK inhibited (~31%) 5' AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduced (~31%) the levels of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) without affecting the Akt pathway. TWEAK also inhibited insulin‐stimulated glucose uptake (~32%) and repressed the levels of GLUT4 (~50%) in cultured myotubes from C57BL6 mice. TWEAK represses the levels of Krüppel‐like factor 15; myocyte enhancer factor 2, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α, which are required for the activation of the GLUT4 locus. Collectively our study demonstrates that elevated levels of TWEAK in skeletal muscle cause metabolic abnormalities. Inhibition of TWEAK could be a potential approach to prevent weight gain and type 2 diabetes. —Sato, S. , Ogura, Y. , Tajrishi, M. M. , Kumar, A. , Elevated levels of TWEAK in skeletal muscle promote visceral obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic dysfunction. FASEB J. 29, 988–1002 (2015). www.fasebj. org
Design and fabrication of a miniature highpass filter using multilayer LCP technology

In this study, a miniature, low-cost and high-performance highpass filter using multilayer liquid crystal polymer (LCP) is presented. High accuracy design process is demonstrated. The fabrication involves our newly developed laser-aided fabrication technique for multilayer LCP devices. Measured result is in good agreement with the simulation. The size of the filter structure is only 0. 015λg×0. 011λg×0. 0016λg (5.8×4.2×0.6mm<sup>3</sup>) at the 0.5 GHz cutoff on commercial LCP substrates with low dielectric constant 3.15.
Delexicalized transfer parsing for low-resource languages using transformed and combined treebanks

This paper describes our dependency parsing system in CoNLL-2017 shared task on Multilingual Parsing from Raw Text to Universal Dependencies. We primarily focus on the low-resource languages (surprise languages). We have developed a framework to combine multiple treebanks to train parsers for low resource languages by delexicalization method. We have applied transformation on source language treebanks based on syntactic features of the low-resource language to improve performance of the parser. In the official evaluation, our system achieves an macro-averaged LAS score of 67.61 and 37.16 on the entire blind test data and the surprise language test data respectively.
Satisfaction and Destination Loyalty

ABSTRACT First-time and repeat tourists engage in different tourism experience with a destination. Based on previous studies, the main purpose of this research is to investigate how tourists' previous experience with a tourist destination influences on the satisfaction evaluation, destination loyalty and destination attractiveness. An empirical study is carried out among 806 tourists visiting Calpe, a Spanish tourist destination, in the summer of 2000. Research findings evidence that the level of satisfaction and the number of past visits considerably influence tourists' intentions to make repeat visits.
Valuation of real estate assets in China

Examines the problems of valuing properties in China, as part of an ongoing research project on the developing of the socialist market economy in China. Identifies these problems by examining the valuation reports in the listing documents of the Chinese State enterprises issuing what is termed “H‐shares” in Hong Kong′s Stock Exchange. Comments on the approaches adopted in these valuation reports from both legal and theoretical points of view. Makes reference also to the property laws in China and the guidelines issued by the Hong Kong Stock Exchange for valuation of property in developing markets including China. Despite the different terminology used by Chinese officials, China is moving towards being a capitalist economy. This is evident in many events that have been happening in China. One such event, which started a number of years ago, is the land reform in China which allows private ownership and transfer of land use rights. As a result, nowadays most listed companies in Hong Kong possess, in one fo.
From individual skills to organizational capability in Japan

Two contrasting conceptualizations of skills lead one to attribute different roles to inter-firm networks. If skills are regarded as a public good, then inter-firm networks are like clubs that police the scope for firms to benefit from skills without paying for their acquisition. By contrast, if skills are regarded as a distinct and hard-to-imitate asset, then inter-firm networks provide an essential non-market mechanism for spreading it. The problem in the former conceptualization is market failure due to the ease of spill-over of knowledge, while the counterpart problem in the latter conceptualization is the difficulty of diffusing tacit knowledge by market mechanisms. This paper describes Toyota Motor Corporation's supplier development programmes in the wider industrial context of Japan. It concludes that of the two perspectives, the knowledge-as-a-distinctive-asset perspective is more appropriate in understanding the rationale behind the elaborate mechanisms for developing suppliers in the long term. Copyright 1999 by Oxford University Press.
Presumed consent: a distraction in the quest for increasing rates of organ donation

Spain has the highest rate of organ donation in the world and is often cited as a successful example of presumed consent legislation. However, the country does not have an opt-out register, nor is public awareness of the 1979 legislation promoted. John Fabre, Paul Murphy, and Rafael Matesanz argue that the presumed consent legislation is dormant, and that Spain in fact demonstrates it is possible to have the highest rates of organ donation without recourse to presumed consent
Investment in Stadia and Regional Economic Development - Evidence from FIFA World Cup 2006

Using the case of the new stadiums for the FIFA World Cup 2006 in Germany, this paper is the first multivariate work that examines the potential income and employment effects of new stadiums outside of the USA. This study is also the first work on this topic that conducts tests on the basis of a (serial correlation consistent) Difference-in-Difference model with level and trends. As a robustness check, we use the “ignoring time series information” model in a form that is modified for nonsynchronous interventions. We were not able to identify income or employment effects of the construction of new stadiums for the FIFA World Cup 2006, which are significantly different from zero.
6.4 Single-shot 200Mfps 5×3-aperture compressive CMOS imager

Ultra-high-speed cameras are a powerful tool for biology as well as physics and mechanics to analyze the process of ultra-high-speed phenomena. The frame rate of the state-of-the-art burst-readout ultra-high-speed silicon imagers has reached approximately 20Mfps [1,2]. To observe faster phenomena such as plasma generation in laser processing, the state of electrons in a chemical reaction, and so on, much faster cameras are desired. There are several factors that prevent the speed-up of the ultra-high-speed imager: high gate control voltages and high power dissipation for high-efficiency multi-stage charge transfer in CCD imagers, and the current density limit of the power and ground lines and RC-constant of the vertical readout lines in CMOS imagers. Computational imaging can be a promising option to break the design limit of solid-state ultra-high-speed imagers. Several dedicated CMOS imagers have been demonstrated [3,4]. This paper presents a demonstration of a single-chip ultra-high-speed multi-aperture CMOS imager based on compressive sampling. The imager performs single-shot burst-readout image acquisition at a frame rate of 200Mfps.
Degenerate oligonucleotide primers for enzymatic amplification of recA sequences from gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasmas

RecA protein in gram-negative bacteria, especially in Escherichia coli, has been extensively studied, but little is known about this key enzyme in other procaryotes. Described here are degenerate oligonucleotide primers that have been used to amplify by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) recA sequences from several gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasmas. The DNA sequences of recA PCR products from Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Mycoplasma pulmonis were determined and compared. These data indicate that the M. pulmonis recA gene has diverged significantly from recA genes of other eubacteria. It should be possible to use cloned recA PCR products to construct recA mutants, thereby providing the means of elucidating homologous genetic recombination and DNA repair activities in these organisms.
Author ' s personal copy How element visibility affects visual enumeration

The task of detection requires that at least one target component (i.e. ‘‘feature”) be detected, while the task of identification requires the detection and integration of multiple features into a recognizable object. Enumeration seems to involve aspects of both feature detection and object identification. As in identification, it requires the detection of multiple features, but as in detection, it does not require the explicit encoding of a global form. Enumeration of briefly presented objects is accurate up to the ‘‘subitizing capacity” of 3–5 items. We discuss the relation of enumeration to visual detection and identification by considering the effect of target visibility on subitizing capacity. We found that while the distribution of enumeration responses changes with contrast, subitizing capacity is generally invariant with contrast until it nears detection threshold. These results suggest that component detection (associated with number estimation) and component integration (associated with subitizing) behaved differentially as contrast was manipulated. We speculate that subitizing capacity is linked to the approximate number of detected features adequate for recognizing shapes. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A potential protective mechanism of soya isoflavones against 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene tumour initiation

Epidemiological studies indicate that Asian women have a lower breast cancer incidence compared with their counterparts in the West, and the difference has been related to soya consumption. Animal studies have suggested that soya may prevent dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced carcinogenesis in the breast. In the present study a cell culture model was developed to address the effect of soya isoflavones on the DMBA-induced DNA damage. DMBA is metabolized into a DNA-attacking moiety by two phase I cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. DNA mutation caused by this genotoxic agent is a crucial step in cancer initiation. Substances that interfere with the CYP1 enzyme activities can affect the initiation. In the present study, genistein was found to be an effective inhibitor of recombinant human CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 with Ki of 15·35 and 0·68 μmol/l. The other soya isoflavone daidzein, on the other hand, did not demonstrate any significant inhibition of the enzyme activities. At the transcriptional level, DMBA induced the CYP1 enzyme expressions by stimulating the xenobiotic response element (XRE)-dependent transactivation pathway. When genistein (25 μmol/l) was co-administered with DMBA, the XRE-Luc activity the CYP1 mRNA abundances were significantly suppressed. The present study illustrated that the soya isoflavone genistein, but not daidzein, protected against DMBA genotoxicity.
THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ETHNIC RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION IN THE USA, 1980–2000

Although there are many studies of the residential segregation of ethnic groups in cities in various parts of the world, very few address the degree to which segregation levels vary across an urban system, let alone rigorously analyse those variations. Data on segregation across all US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in 1980 and 2000 at the census tract scale have been analysed, using a modified index of isolation, to examine variations in segregation levels, according to their size, the relative size of the various ethnic minorities there, their ethnic diversity, and their location. Strong relationships are identified for all three of the country's major ethnic minority groups - Blacks, Asians and Hispanics. These suggest that Asians and Hispanics are disadvantaged in the labour and housing markets, so that as their number increases so does their level of segregation. Blacks are disadvantaged too: their segregation is compounded by a legacy of decades of discrimination, especially in the older-established parts of the country. Copyright (c) 2004 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.