Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Simulation on attack and defense in OPNET environment

in order to prove the function of firewall on defending the DOS nuke attack, the procedure and attribute of the Dos nuke attack was studied and analyzed. On the base of these, the attack and defence model of the Dos nuke attack was designed in the OPNET simulation environment. It simulated the network packet volume during before and after the attack on a victim host computer, and simulated the greatly reduction of the network packet volume on the victim host computer after adding a firewall between the computer and a packet generator. The security function of the firewall model is proved effectively from the point of simulation. It has some reference value to proving defence ability on firewall in simulation environment.
Comparison of Intubating Conditions of Rocuronium Bromide and Vecuronium Bromide with Succinylcholine Using “Timing Principle”

Background: Rapid and safe endotracheal intubation is of paramount importance in general anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to compare the intubating conditions of succinylcholine with rocuronium bromide and vecuronium bromide using “Timing principle”. The timing principle entails administration of a single bolus dose of nondepolarizing muscle relaxant, followed by an induction drug at the onset of clinical weakness. Patients & Methods: 75 patients were divided into three groups of 25 each. Patients allocated to Groups A and B received rocuronium 0.6 mg kg-1 and vecuronium 0.12 mg kg-1 respectively. At the onset of clinical weakness (ptosis), anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.5 mg kg-1; intubation was accomplished after 60 seconds of induction agent in both groups. Patients in Group C received propofol 2.5mg kg-1 followed by succinylcholine 2mg kg-1 and their tracheas were intubated at 60s.Train of four count was assessed at adductor pollicis muscle using nerve stimulator at intubation and time to loss of TOF was observed. in group A and B. Intubating conditions were assessed according to a grading scale and haemodynamic variables were compared at 1,3 and 5 minutes after intubation. Results: Intubating conditions were either excellent(84% in group A,48% in group B and 88% in group C) or good (16% in group A, 48% in group B and 12 %in group C)and only 4% pt had poor intubating conditions in group B. Patients were interviewed postoperatively, and all were satisfied with the technique of induction of anesthesia.Rocuronium and Vecuronium are haemodynamically stable drugs as compared to Succinylcholine. Conclusion: Rocuronium 0.6 mg kg-1 provides good to excellent intubating conditions at 60 s comparable to succinylcholine after the induction of anesthesia using the timing principle.
Relationship between lactobacilli and opportunistic bacterial pathogens associated with vaginitis

Background: Vaginitis, is an infectious inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, which sometimes involves the vulva. The balance of the vaginal flora is maintained by the Lactobacilli and its protective and probiotic role in treating and preventing vaginal infection by producing antagonizing compounds which are regarded as safe for humans. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of Lactobacilli against common bacterial opportunistic pathogens in vaginitis and study the effects of some antibiotics on Lactobacilli isolates. Materials and Methods: In this study (110) vaginal swabs were obtained from women suffering from vaginitis who admitted to Babylon Hospital of Maternity and Paediatrics in Babylon province, Iraq. The study involved the role of intrauterine device among married women with vaginitis and also involved isolation of opportunistic bacterial isolates among pregnant and non pregnant women. This study also involved studying probiotic role of Lactobacilli by production of some defense factors like hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocin, and lactic acid. Results: Results revealed that a total of 130 bacterial isolates were obtained. Intrauterine device was a predisposing factor for vaginitis. The most common opportunistic bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All Lactobacilli were hydrogen peroxide producers while some isolates were bacteriocin producers that inhibited some of opportunistic pathogens (S. aureus, E. coli). Lactobacilli were sensitive to erythromycin while 93.3% of them were resistant to ciprofloxacin and (40%, 53.3%) of them were resistant to amoxicillin and gentamycin respectively. Results revealed that there was an inverse relationship between Lactobacilli presence and organisms causing vaginitis. This may be attributed to the production of defense factors by Lactobacilli. Conclusion: The types of antibiotics used to treat vaginitis must be very selective in order not to kill the beneficial bacteria (Lactobacilli) that help in preservation of vaginal health and ecosystem as being one of the probiotic bacteria.
Neurological manifestations of oculodentodigital dysplasia: a Cx43 channelopathy of the central nervous system?

The coordination of tissue function is mediated by gap junctions (GJs) that enable direct cell–cell transfer of metabolic and electric signals. GJs are formed by connexins of which Cx43 is most widespread in the human body. In the brain, Cx43 GJs are mostly found in astroglia where they coordinate the propagation of Ca2+ waves, spatial K+ buffering, and distribution of glucose. Beyond its role in direct intercellular communication, Cx43 also forms unapposed, non-junctional hemichannels in the plasma membrane of glial cells. These allow the passage of several neuro- and gliotransmitters that may, combined with downstream paracrine signaling, complement direct GJ communication among glial cells and sustain glial-neuronal signaling. Mutations in the GJA1 gene encoding Cx43 have been identified in a rare, mostly autosomal dominant syndrome called oculodentodigital dysplasia (ODDD). ODDD patients display a pleiotropic phenotype reflected by eye, hand, teeth, and foot abnormalities, as well as craniofacial and bone malformations. Remarkably, neurological symptoms such as dysarthria, neurogenic bladder (manifested as urinary incontinence), spasticity or muscle weakness, ataxia, and epilepsy are other prominent features observed in ODDD patients. Over 10 mutations detected in patients diagnosed with neurological disorders are associated with altered functionality of Cx43 GJs/hemichannels, but the link between ODDD-related abnormal channel activities and neurologic phenotype is still elusive. Here, we present an overview on the nature of the mutants conveying structural and functional changes of Cx43 channels and discuss available evidence for aberrant Cx43 GJ and hemichannel function. In a final step, we examine the possibilities of how channel dysfunction may lead to some of the neurological manifestations of ODDD.
Attitude control of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle based on linear extended state observer

In this paper, a linear feedback controller for attitude tracking of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is applied using linear extended state observer (LESO). The wind disturbance, aerodynamic damping and modeling uncertainties are considered in attitude mathematical model. A Linear extended state observer is designed to estimate the disturbances by treating it as an extended state. Based on the estimation, a feedback linear active disturbance rejection controller is designed to stabilize the attitude of the quadrotor UAV. Theoretical results are confirmed by simulation results.
P2P Content Distribution to Mobile Bluetooth Users

The use of handheld devices, such as smart phones for personal entertainment, has become commonplace in today's lifestyle. Virtually all of these devices are equipped with Bluetooth technology, which can be used to distribute entertainment content, such as music and movie clips. Mobile users can download content from opportunistically available infrastructure (e.g., digital billboards) and direct peer-to-peer (P2P) collaboration, which significantly increases content availability/coverage. P2P content distribution protocol design is heavily influenced by the characteristics of Bluetooth, which is a main departure from Internet-based content distribution. However, little has been done to understand the performance of overall Bluetooth operations, ranging from peer discovery to data downloading, in dynamic environments with mobility, interference, and different Bluetooth versions/chipsets. In this paper, we perform an extensive measurement study and find that Bluetooth-based content distribution suffers from time/energy-consuming resource discovery and limited bandwidth, even with the enhanced features of the latest Bluetooth version. Given this, we discuss strategies that can effectively improve the performance of the resource-discovery and downloading phases.
Performance/reliability trade-off in superscalar processors for aggressive NBTI restoration of functional units

Negative-Bias Temperature Instability has become a serious reliability concern in modern processors design, and in the last decade many research effort has been spent in developing circuit-level and architecture-level strategies to mitigate the induced delay variation of nanoscale circuits. At the architecture level, work has been proposed to alleviate this by appropriate dynamic instruction schedulingntechniques. However, their benefit is bounded to the available redundancy, limiting their attractiveness for a cost-effective VLSI solution. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of a performance reliability trade-off FSM design, that is able to attain the desired level of reliability improvement according to the ILP performance constraints. Power-gating is used for aggressive NBTI restoration. Extensive experimental results show several performance reliability trade-off examples in a broad range of application scenarios.
Differences in sharing knowledge interpersonally and via databases: The role of evaluation apprehension and perceived benefits

Knowledge sharing is an essential component of effective knowledge management. However, evaluation apprehension, or the fear that your work may be critiqued, can inhibit knowledge sharing. Using the general framework of social exchange theory, we examined the effects of evaluation apprehension and perceived benefit of knowledge sharing (such as enhanced reputation) on employees' knowledge sharing intentions in two contexts: interpersonal (i.e., by direct contact between two employees) and database (i.e., via repositories). Evaluation apprehension was negatively associated with knowledge sharing intentions in both contexts while perceived benefit was only positively associated with knowledge sharing intentions in the database context. Moreover, compared to the interpersonal context, evaluation apprehension was higher and knowledge sharing lower in the database context. Finally, the negative effects of evaluation apprehension upon knowledge sharing intentions were worse when perceived benefits were low compared to when perceived benefits were high.
The Influence of Sexual Orientation on Health Behaviors in Women

SUMMARY Lesbians may be at risk for poorer health outcomes than heterosexual women because of differential health behaviors and risk factors for disease. Difficulty recruiting representative lesbian populations and a lack of simple, accurate measures of sexual orientation have hindered research about the differential health risks and outcomes faced by lesbian and heterosexual women. The purpose of this article was to (1) examine the relationship between self-chosen sexual orientation labels and other sexual orientation measures and (2) compare the health related behaviors of women of diverse sexual orientations based on simple sexual orientation measures. The participants in this study were women aged 18 to 74 recruited via public announcements in mainstream and minority communities to participate in a randomized trial of breast cancer risk counseling strategies. Sexual orientation, relevant health behaviors and other outcomes related to breast cancer risk and screening were measured. No single measure of sexual behavior or desire appears to accurately measure lesbian sexual orientation. Lesbians were found to participate in mammography and Pap testing at significantly lower levels than bisexuals and heterosexuals. These data add to the growing body of knowledge on lesbian health and point to areas of community action and future research.
Stability Properties of Strongly Magnetized Spine-Sheath Relativistic Jets

We derive linearized relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) equations describing a uniform axially magnetized cylindrical relativistic jet spine embedded in a uniform axially magnetized relativistically moving sheath. The displacement current is retained in the equations, so that effects associated with Alfvén wave propagation near light speed can be studied. A dispersion relation for the normal modes is obtained. Analytical solutions for the normal modes in the low- and high-frequency limits are found, and a general stability condition is determined. A trans-Alfvénic and even a super-Alfvénic relativistic jet spine can be stable to velocity shear-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz modes. The resonance condition for maximum growth of the normal modes is obtained in the kinetically and magnetically dominated regimes. Numerical solution of the dispersion relation verifies the analytical solutions and is used to study the regime of high sound and Alfvén speeds.
Single-Session Consultations for Parents: A Preliminary Investigation

Many parents want child-rearing information and emotional support from mental health professionals but are reluctant to attend group parenting classes or commit to long-term counseling. This study evaluated the efficacy of a specific, brief parent consultation intervention. Preliminary data were collected during routine single-session parenting consultations offered through a community agency. Preconsultation and postconsultation data from 21 of 33 (63.6%) consultees were analyzed using two-tailed paired-sample t tests with Bonferroni adjustments. Results, based on parent responses to a 17-item Likert-type questionnaire, indicated that parents rated themselves as less stressed and more capable of handling their children’s behaviors following their single-session consultation. Satisfaction ratings and qualitative data were consistent with self-ratings, suggesting that parents had very positive reactions to their brief consultation experiences. Discussion focused on the limits of this investigation and recommendations for more rigorous research, including a more diverse sample as well as a waiting list control group, in this potentially important practice area for family and school counselors.
Diabetes complications and their potential prevention: Aldose reductase inhibition and other approaches

Despite recent advances both in the chemistry and molecular pharmacology of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes still remains a life‐threatening disease, which tends to spread all over the world. The clinical profile of diabetic subjects is often worsened by the presence of several long‐term complications, namely neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cataract. Several attempts have been made to prevent or at least to delay them. The most relevant are reported in this review, including the development of compounds acting as aldose reductase inhibitors, anti‐advanced glycation end‐product drugs, free radical scavengers, vasoactive agents, essential fatty acid supplementation, and neurotropic growth factors. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 19, No. 1, 3–23, 1999.
New work demands in higher education. A study of the relationship between excessive workload, coping strategies and subsequent health among academic staff

This study investigates the relationship between the work conditions in higher education work settings, the academic staff’s strategies for handling excessive workload and impact on well-being and work-life balance. The results show that there is a risk that staff in academic work places will start using compensatory coping strategies to deal with excessive demands and that this might seriously impair their health. The compensatory strategy cluster emerged as a ‘risk group’ among the three identified strategy clusters, having a lower work-life balance and suffering from stress-related symptoms more often than the other two strategy clusters. The results also show that high educational level, management position and wide discretion as regards regulation of work in time and space (when and where to work) are factors that might contribute to a lower work-life balance. In practice, the results can contribute to create more sustainable work environments by detecting risk behaviours and risk factors.
Intercultural training for Taiwanese business expatriates

Purpose – This study aims to focus on intercultural training for Taiwanese expatriates and assess the gap between intercultural training needs perceived by Taiwanese expatriates and the training provided by their companies.Design/methodology/approach – This study surveyed both Taiwanese expatriates and HR managers of their companies. It developed a questionnaire based on the research of Black and Mendenhall to assess contents and methods of intercultural training. There were 16 questions for assessing intercultural training and they were divided into two categories: symbolic learning and participatory learning.Findings – It is found that the needs of intercultural training perceived by expatriates are generally higher than the training provided by their companies. In the categories of symbolic and participatory learning, findings are consistent with the overall items. Results indicate that the perceived intercultural training needs of both categories are significantly higher than the training provided by .
A multivariate multilevel Gaussian model with a mixed effects structure in the mean and covariance part

A traditional Gaussian hierarchical model assumes a nested multilevel structure for the mean and a constant variance at each level. We propose a Bayesian multivariate multilevel factor model that assumes a multilevel structure for both the mean and the covariance matrix. That is, in addition to a multilevel structure for the mean we also assume that the covariance matrix depends on covariates and random effects. This allows to explore whether the covariance structure depends on the values of the higher levels and as such models heterogeneity in the variances and correlation structure of the multivariate outcome across the higher level values. The approach is applied to the three‐dimensional vector of burnout measurements collected on nurses in a large European study to answer the research question whether the covariance matrix of the outcomes depends on recorded system‐level features in the organization of nursing care, but also on not‐recorded factors that vary with countries, hospitals, and nursing units. Simulations illustrate the performance of our modeling approach. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microvascular Decompression vs. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Typical Trigeminal Neuralgia: Preliminary Findings

Background: Patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia were treated by one neurosurgeon with either microvascular decompression (MVD) or Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) and were prospectively evaluated with a uniform protocol. Method: GKRS was done with 75 Gy maximum to the cisternal trigeminal nerve near the pons. MVD was done without cauterizing or cutting the trigeminal nerve. Results: Twenty-four patients were treated with MVD and 61 with GKRS. Complete pain relief (no pain no medicines) occurred at 12 and 18 months in 68 and 68% of patients treated with MVD and 58 and 24% with GKRS (p = 0.089), and ≧90% pain relief (with or without medicine) at 12 and 18 months in 90 and 78% with MVD and 75 and 48% with GKRS (p = 0.171). There were no permanent complications. Conclusion: Although many trigeminal neuralgia patients treated with either MVD or GKRS have pain relief, MVD is more likely than GKRS to result in complete pain relief.
Netrin UNC-6 and the Regulation of Branching and Extension of Motoneuron Axons from the Ventral Nerve Cord of Caenorhabditis elegans

In the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, some ventral midline motoneurons extend a process circumferentially to the dorsal midline and a process longitudinally along ventral nerve cord interneurons. Circumferential migrations are guided by netrin UNC-6, which repels motoneuron axons dorsally. Although the motoneuron cell bodies and the longitudinal axons are positioned along UNC-6-expressing interneurons in the ventral nerve cord, the circumferential processes extend only from the motoneuron cell bodies and from defined locations along some longitudinal axons. This implies a mechanism regulates motoneuron branching of UNC-6-responsive processes. We show that expression of unc-6ΔC, which encodes UNC-6 without domain C, partially rescues circumferential migration defects inunc-6 null animals. This activity depends on the netrin receptors UNC-5 and UNC-40. These results indicate that UNC-6ΔC can provide the circumferential guidance functions of UNC-6. Furthermore, we show that expression of unc-6ΔC causes motoneuron branching and the extension of processes from abnormal positions along the ventral nerve cord. This activity is also UNC-5- and UNC-40-dependent. We propose that local interactions mediated by domain C regulate motoneuron branching and responsiveness to the UNC-6 cue.
IPMC frequency dependent multiphysics model considering electrodes high surface and fractional effects

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs) are electroactive polymers which can be used both as sensors and as actuators. The IPMC white box modelling requires several parameters, not always accessible via theoretical approaches or experimentation. This work addresses such an issue by exploiting a frequency domain model optimization procedure which integrates Nelder-Mead simplex method with the COMSOL Multiphysics® models. It uses experimental data and fitting model simulations for microscopic parameters' identification. The proposed model integrates the effect of the high surface area electrodes by including a varying-along-the-thickness relative permittivity εR. Moreover, as an original contribute to IPMC studies, a fractional order dynamics has been identified in the white-box model, confirming previous studies on IPMC grey box model and on electro-active polymeric devices. The model shows adherence with recorded data, identifying the second order-like dynamics in the frequency response.
Do‐it‐yourself microelectrophoresis chips with integrated sample recovery

We present a microelectrophoresis chip that is simple to fabricate using the µfluidic tectonics (µFT) platform (Beebe, D. J. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000, 97, 13488–13493; Agarwal, A. K. et al.,. J. Micromech. Microeng. 2006, 16, 332–340). The device contains a removable capillary insert (RCI) for easy sample collection after separation (Atencia, J. et al.,. Lab Chip 2006, DOI: 10. 1039/b514068d). Device construction is accomplished in less than 20 min without specialized equipment traditionally associated with microelectrophoresis chip construction. µFT was used to build a PAGE device utilizing two orthogonal microchannels. One channel performs standard separations, while the second channel serves as an access point to remove bands of interest from the chip via the RCI. The RCI contains an integrated electrode that facilitates the removal of bands using electrokinetic techniques. The device was characterized using prestained proteins (Pierce BlueRanger and TriChromRanger). Samples were loaded into the microelectrophoresis device via a standard micropipette. An electrical field of 40 V/cm was used to separate and collect the proteins. The microPAGE device is simple to fabricate, benefits from microscale analysis, and includes an on‐chip collection scheme that interfaces the macroworld with the microworld.