Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guided ultrasonic waves for impact damage detection in composite panels

Carbon fiber laminate composites, consisting of layers of polymer matrix reinforced with high strength carbon fibers, are increasingly employed for aerospace structures. They offer advantages for aerospace applications, e.g., good strength to weight ratio. However, impact during the operation and servicing of the aircraft can lead to barely visible and difficult to detect damage. Depending on the severity of the impact, fiber and matrix breakage or delaminations can occur, reducing the load carrying capacity of the structure. Efficient structural health monitoring of composite panels can be achieved using guided ultrasonic waves propagating along the structure. Impact damage was induced in the composite panels using standard drop weight procedures. The guided wave scattering at the impact damage was measured using a noncontact laser interferometer, quantified, and compared to baseline measurements on undamaged composite panels. Significant scattering of the first anti-symmetrical (A0) guided wave mode was observed, allowing for the detection of barely visible impact damage. The guided wave scattering was modeled using full three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) simulations, and the influence of the different damage mechanisms investigated. Good agreement between experiments and predictions was found. The sensitivity of guided waves for the detection of barely visible impact damage in composite panels has been verified.
UGT 1 A 1 Genetic Polymorphisms , Endogenous Estrogen Exposure , Soy Food Intake , and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Estrogen exposures play a critical role in the development of endometrial cancer. Genetic variation in the estrogen metabolism UGT1A1 gene may modify the effect of estrogenic exposures on endometrial cancer risk. We tested this hypothesis in a population-based case-control study of 1,047 endometrial cancer cases and 1,035 controls who completed an in-person interview and were genotyped for the UGT1A1 polymorphisms rs2070959 (A/G), rs887829 (G/A), and rs8175347 (6/7 TA repeats). Estrogen exposure-related factors evaluated include menstrual characteristics, oral contraceptive use, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and soy food intake. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The homozygote variant genotype (G/G) of the rs2070959 polymorphism was significantly associated with a reduced risk of endometrial cancer (odds ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.8). No significant associations between endometrial cancer risk and genotype were seen for the rs887829 and rs8175347 polymorphisms. Analysis of the joint effects of genotype and markers of estrogen exposure found the lowest risk of endometrial cancer among those with the homozygous variant genotype of the rs2070959 polymorphism and who were postmenopausal, had low body mass index, and had low soy food intake, although a test for multiplicative interaction was not significant. Taken together, these data suggest that the G/G genotype (rs2070959) in the UGT1A1 gene may decrease the risk of endometrial cancer and that this effect is most evident among women with low levels of endogenous estrogen exposure or with low soy food intake. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17(3):563–70)
Serotonin‐induced bistability of turtle motoneurones caused by a nifedipine‐sensitive calcium plateau potential.

1. The effect of serotonin on the firing properties of motoneurones was studied in transverse sections of the adult turtle spinal cord in vitro with intracellular recording techniques. 2. In normal medium, turtle motoneurones adapt from an initial high frequency to a low steady firing during a depolarizing current pulse. In the presence of serotonin (4‐100 microM) motoneurones responded with accelerated firing and a frequency jump during a depolarizing current pulse followed by an after‐depolarization outlasting the stimulus. From a depolarized holding potential motoneuronal activity was shifted between two stable states by brief depolarizing and hyperpolarizing current pulses. As an expression of this bistable firing behaviour, the frequency‐current relation in response to a triangular current injection was counter‐clockwise in serotonin while clockwise in normal medium. 3. The delay to onset of the frequency jump was shortened as the amplitude of the activation pulse was increased. From a positive holding potential the after‐depolarization exceeded spike threshold and its duration increased with an increase in steady bias current. The effect of serotonin on turtle motoneurones could be blocked by methysergide (10 microM). 4. When action potentials were depressed by tetrodotoxin, a voltage‐dependent, non‐inactivating plateau potential, intrinsic to the motoneurone, was revealed. Activation of this voltage plateau provides the motoneurones with two stable states of firing. The apparent input resistance was 2‐4‐fold lower during the plateau than at rest. 5. The serotonin‐induced plateau potential was Ca2+‐dependent and was blocked when Ca2+ was replaced by either Co2+ (3 mM) or Mn2+ (3 mM). 6. The Ca2+ plateau was blocked by nifedipine (1‐15 microM). 7. Serotonin reduced the slow after‐hyperpolarization following action potentials. The change in balance between inward and outward currents seems to be sufficient to reveal the plateau response. 8. Although a small plateau response was induced by Bay K 8644 (1‐15 microM), this L‐channel agonist could not reproduce the pronounced effect of serotonin. 9. It is concluded that serotonin induces a Ca2+‐dependent and nifedipine‐sensitive plateau potential in turtle motoneurones primarily by reducing a K+‐current responsible for the slow after‐hyperpolarization.
Use of indomethacin for pain relief following scleral buckling surgery

BACKGROUND/AIMS Patients undergoing scleral buckling and cryotherapy suffer from mild to moderate postoperative pain. As good pain relief facilitates postoperative ocular examination, as well as patient comfort and recovery, the authors designed a prospective randomised double masked trial to evaluate the efficacy of indomethacin as a satisfactory analgesic for such patients. METHOD Patients with a primary uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment requiring scleral buckling and cryotherapy were randomly allocated to receive either indomethacin or placebo. A rectal suppository was administered 2 hours before surgery, followed by two capsules twice daily for 10 days. Pain relief was assessed with a linear graphic rating scale at the end of each day. Supplementary analgesia was allowed and recorded. RESULTS 12 patients received indomethacin (group A) and 16 received placebo (group B). The extent of surgery was similar in both groups. One patient in group A, and two in group B withdrew after 3 days. The pain scores were converted to changes from the baseline (score on day 1), and the area under the curve calculated for each patient. The means of the areas were analysed with the Mann–Whitney test and showed that indomethacin caused a statistically significant reduction in pain score, both at 3 days (p=0.04) and at 10 days (p=0.014). There was no statistically significant difference in extra analgesic requirements between the two groups (p=0.2). CONCLUSIONS Indomethacin is recommended for short to medium term pain relief following scleral buckling and cryotherapy.
MovieScope: Movie trailer classiﬁcation using Deep Neural Networks

This paper deals with identifying the genre of a movie by analyzing just the visual features of its trailer. This task seems to be very trivial for a human; our endeavor is to create a vision system that can do the same, accurately. We discuss the approaches we take and our experimental observations. The contributions of this work are : (1) we propose a neural network (based on VGG) that can classify movie trailers based on their genres; (2) we release a curated dataset, called YouTube-Trailer Dataset, which has over 800 movie trailers spanning over 4 genres. We achieve an accuracy of 80.1% with the spatial features, and 85% with using LSTM and set these results as the benchmark for this dataset. We have made the source code publicly available. 1
Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis Exploits Host-derived Fatty Acids to Limit Metabolic Stress*

Background: The metabolism of host lipids is central to the survival of intracellular Mtb. Results: Degradation of cholesterol generates propionyl-CoA, which is, in part, detoxified through incorporation into methyl-branched lipids. Conclusion: The balance of acetyl-CoA versus propionyl-CoA concentrations in Mtb impacts detoxification of propionyl-CoA. Significance: The ability of Mtb to utilize host-derived lipids effectively is key to its success as a pathogen. Recent data indicate that the nutrients available to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) inside its host cell are restricted in their diversity. Fatty acids and cholesterol appear more favored; however, their degradation can result in certain metabolic stresses. Their breakdown can generate propionyl-CoA, which gives rise to potentially toxic intermediates. Detoxification of propionyl-CoA relies on the activity of the methylcitrate cycle, the methylmalonyl pathway, or incorporation of the propionyl-CoA into methyl-branched lipids in the cell wall. The current work explores carbon flux through these pathways, focusing primarily on those pathways responsible for the incorporation of propionyl-CoA into virulence-associated cell wall lipids. Exploiting both genetic and biochemical rescue, we demonstrate that these metabolic pressures are experienced by Mtb inside its host macrophage and that the bacterium accesses host fatty acid stores. The metabolism of these host lipids expands the acetyl-CoA pool and alleviates the pressure from propionyl-CoA. These data have major implications for our appreciation of central metabolism of Mtb during the course of infection.
Infection enhancement of dengue type 2 virus in the U-937 human monocyte cell line by antibodies to flavivirus cross-reactive determinants

Dengue type 2 virus replication was detected in the U-937 human monocyte cell line when the virus inoculum and the culture medium contained flavivirus antibodies diluted beyond their neutralizing titers. This was in marked contrast to yellow fever virus, which replicated very well in the absence of antibodies; however, 10-fold-higher yields of yellow fever virus could be obtained in the presence of flavivirus antibodies. These infection-enhancing antibodies were obtained from either a dengue type 2 human antiserum or reference hyperimmune obtained from either a dengue type 2 human antiserum or reference hyperimmune mouse ascitic fluid. The infection enhancement phenomenon, previously shown to be due to infection of Fc receptor-bearing cells with virus-antibody complexes, was completely blocked by preincubation of the cells with aggregated gamma globulin. The blocking results suggested an Fc receptor-mediated infection of the U-937 cells as well. A panel of monoclonal antibodies, previously characterized as either virus type specific or flavivirus cross-reactive and with mouse immunoglobulin subclasses G1 and G2a in both categories, were tested for their infection enhancement characteristics. A type-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody preparation that was diluted beyond its neutralization titer did not cause infection enhancement, nor did low-level neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that were dengue serotype specific by the hemagglutination inhibition test. Only flavivirus cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies caused infection enhancement, irrespective of whether the immunoglobulins were G1 or G2a. These cross-reactive flavivirus determinants may reside at the tips of the glycoprotein projections on the virus particles, enabling the Fc ends of the cross-reactive antibodies attached to these determinants to interact with Fc receptors on susceptible cells.
Reduced binding of FGF1 to mutant fibroblast growth factor receptor 3

The activating mutation FGFR3-R248C in the D2–D3 linker region of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 leads as germline mutation to the neonatal lethal syndrome thanatophoric dysplasia type I (TD1). As somatic mutation it has been found in cancer. We introduced into the murine FGFR3 the mutation R242C that is orthologoues to the human mutation R248C. A strong reduction in binding of the 16 and 18 kDa forms of FGF1 to the mutant receptor was found, highlighting the importance of D2–D3 linker region of FGFR3 in determination of binding affinity to ligands. Another mutant, G374R, introduced into the murine FGFR3, is orthologoues to the human mutant FGFR3-G380R, and leads to achondroplasia (ACH). The binding of the 16 kDa and 18 kDa forms of FGF1 to this mutant receptor was the same as for wild-type FGFR3 in a cell-free system, but it was reduced in living cells. The data indicate a minor changes in conformation of FGFR3-G374R receptors at the cell surface that lead to reduced binding to FGF1.
Beyond Filters: Compact Feature Map for Portable Deep Model

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown extraordinary performance in a number of applications, but they are usually of heavy design for the accuracy reason. Beyond compressing the filters in CNNs, this paper focuses on the redundancy in the feature maps derived from the large number of filters in a layer. We propose to extract intrinsic representation of the feature maps and preserve the discriminability of the features. Circulant matrix is employed to formulate the feature map transformation, which only requires O(d log d) computation complexity to embed a d-dimensional feature map. The filter is then reconfigured to establish the mapping from original input to the new compact feature map, and the resulting network can preserve intrinsic information of the original network with significantly fewer parameters, which not only decreases the online memory for launching CNN but also accelerates the computation speed. Experiments on benchmark image datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm over state-of-the-art methods.
Preparation and structural analysis of oligosaccharide monophosphates obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of recombinant strains of Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli expressing the genus-specific epitope of Chlamydia lipopolysaccharide.

The lipopolysaccharide of the recombinant strain Salmonella minnesota r595-207 expressing the genus-specific epitope of Chlamydia lipopolysaccharide [Holst, O. , Brade, L. , Kosma, P. and Brade, H. (1991) J. Bacteriol, 173, 1862-1866] was sequentially de-O- and de-N-acylated by mild hydrazinolysis and treatment with 4 M KOH, respectively. The resulting mixture of compounds was separated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography, yielding four oligosaccharide phosphates two of which were readily identified by their 1H-NMR- and 13C-NMR spectra as alpha-Kdo-(2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-alpha-D-Glcp N 1,4'-bisphosphate (tetrasaccharide bisphosphate; Kdo = 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulopyranosonic acid) and alpha-Kdo-(2-8)-alpha-Kdo-(2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6) -alpha-D- GlcpN 1,4'-bisphosphate (pentasaccharide bisphosphate) [Holst, O. , Broer, W. , Thomas-Oates, J.E. , Mamat, U. and Brade, H. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 214, 703-710]. The structures of the other two compounds were established by chemical analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry as alpha-Kdo- (2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-alpha-D-GlcpN 1-phosphate (tetrasaccharide 1-phosphate) and alpha-Kdo-(2-8)-alpha-Kdo-(2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6) -alpha-D- GlcpN 1-phosphate (pentasaccharide 1-phosphate). alpha-Kdo-(2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6)-alpha/beta- D-GlcpN 4'-phosphate (tetrasaccharide 4'-phosphate) and alpha-Kdo-(2-8)-alpha-Kdo-(2-4)-alpha-Kdo-(2-6)-beta-D-GlcpN-(1-6) -alpha/beta-D-GlcpN 4'-phosphate (pentasaccharide 4'-phosphate) were prepared from the 1,4'-bisphosphates isolated from the recombinant strain Escherichia coli F515-207 by treatment with alkaline phosphatase and purification by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography. Their structures were characterised by chemical analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and fast-bombardment mass spectrometry.
Video scene segmentation using a novel boundary evaluation criterion and dynamic programming

Video scene segmentation is a fundamental step for video summarization and browsing, which is a very promising application of multimedia analysis. There are two key elements, namely, boundary evaluation and boundary searching, in a scene segmentation algorithm. In this paper, we propose a novel boundary evaluation criterion, including the multiple normalized min-max cut scores, which consider not only neighboring but non-neighboring scene similarities with a memory-fading model, and the maximal cross-boundary strict shot similarity, which considers both color and structure similarities. Dynamic programming with a heuristic search scheme is adopted to quickly find the global optimal scene boundary sequence. Moreover, a Monte Carlo method is adopted to improve the stability of the searching process. Experimental results on a dataset of 40 diversified videos have proven the algorithm efficient, robust, and superior to the existent methods.
On the use of guided regularized random forests to identify crops in smallholder farm fields

The smallholder farms located in sub-Sahara Africa are typically characterize by heterogeneous mosaic of crops, soils, weather and farm practices. Automatic crop identification over smallholder fields is challenging when one only uses the spectral information of very high spatial resolution image time series. The extraction of spatial-spectral information is important to reach classifier accuracy. We deploy cloud computing techniques to allow working with thousands of features derived from an image time series. However, this number of extracted features is forces one to select the most important features for identification routines. This paper introduces a simple feature selection method based on Random Forest - the Guided Regularized Random Forest (GRRF) - which reduces feature dimensionality without loss data information. Preliminary experiments show that we can reach an overall accuracy by around 63%, and the results using random forests trained by GRRF features improve by around 2.5% the results by a Random Forest classifier that uses all the features.
A Formal Characterization of Epsilon Serializability

Epsilon serializability (ESR) is a generalization of classic serializability (SR). In this paper, we provide a precise characterization of ESR when queries that may view inconsistent data run concurrently with consistent update transactions. Our first goal is to understand the behavior of queries in the presence of conflicts and to show how ESR in fact is a generalization of SR. So, using the ACTA framework, we formally express the intertransaction conflicts that are recognized by ESR and through that define ESR, analogous to the manner in which conflict-based serializability is defined. Secondly, expressions are derived for the amount of inconsistency (in a data item) viewed by a query and its effects on the results of a query. These inconsistencies arise from concurrent updates allowed by ESR. Thirdly, in order to maintain the inconsistencies within bounds associated with each query, the expressions are used to determine the preconditions that operations have to satisfy. The results of a query, and the errors in it, depend on what a query does with the (possibly inconsistent) data viewed by it. One of the important byproducts of this work is the identification of different types of queries which lend themselves to an analysis of the effects of data inconsistency on the results of the query.
Source and reduction of uneven magnetization of a permanent magnet of a HDD spindle motor

Uneven magnetization of a permanent magnet (PM) generates the cogging torque with slot harmonics and the unbalanced magnetic force which are the major sources of vibration and noise in a HDD spindle motor. This research investigates the several sources of uneven magnetization of a ring-shaped PM by analyzing the transient finite element analysis in a capacitor-discharge impulse magnetizer. Developed simulation model is verified by comparing the simulated surface magnetic flux density along the ring-shaped PM with measured one. This research shows that the positioning error of magnetizing coil in the magnetizing yoke is dominant source of the uneven magnetization. High magnetic field intensity in the magnetization moment due to high magnetizing voltage or back yoke decreases the uneven magnetization of PM by compensating the coil positioning.
Comparison of clinical findings and psychosocial factors in patients with atypical odontalgia and temporomandibular disorders.

AIMS To systematically compare clinical findings and psychosocial factors between patients suffering from atypical odontalgia (AO) and an age- and gender-matched group of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS Forty-six AO patients (7 men and 39 women; mean age, 56 years) were compared with 41 TMD patients (8 men and 33 women; mean age, 58 years). RESULTS Mean pain intensity at the time of inclusion in the study was similar between the groups (TMD: 5.3 +/- 0.4, AO: 5.0 +/- 0.3), but pain duration was longer in AO patients (AO: 7.7 +/- 1.1 years, TMD: 4.5 +/- 0.1 years). Eighty-three percent of the AO patients and 15% of TMD patients reported pain onset in relation to dental/surgical procedures. Episodic tension-type headache (TTH) occurred equally in both groups (TMD: 46%, AO: 46%), but TMD patients more frequently experienced chronic TTH (TMD: 35%, AO: 18%), myofascial TMD (TMD: 93%, AO: 50%), and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD: 66%, AO: 2%). Overall, TMD patients had lower pressure pain thresholds and poorer jaw function than AO patients. Mean depression and somatization scores were moderate to severe in both groups, and widespread pain was most common in TMD patients. CONCLUSION AO and TMD share some characteristics but differ significantly in report of dental trauma, jaw function, pain duration, and pain site.
TeraOPS hardware: A new massively-parallel MIMD computing fabric IC

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on Ambric's TeraOPS hardware, a parallel MIMD computing fabric for integrated circuits. Some of the specific topics discussed include: the special features and architecture of TeraOPS; deployment and applications for its use; processing capabilities; facilities for object programming; programming model and tools; and new areas of technological development.
Students' perspective on teachers' innovative teaching in vocational high schools

The purpose of this study aims to investigate the students' perspective on teachers' innovative teaching in vocational high schools in Taiwan. The randomly stratified sampling method is used in this study to select 164 vocational high school students from 15 public/private schools in Taiwan. The data can be analyzed using the descriptive statistics, paired-sample t-test, and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). These results found that Item 6 (Thinks outside the box), Item 11 (Teaches to different learning styles), Item 17 (Has a good sense of humor), and Item 23 (Rewards students) are the largest gaps between the importance and current quo for students' perspective on teachers' innovation teaching.