Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SYMBOLISM USE BY BUSINESS TURNAROUND CHANGE AGENTS

Symbols can effectively serve as triggers for cognitive and behavioral change. However, little is known about the use of symbolism in organizational change efforts. Therefore, this study, utilizing a national survey of turnaround change agents (TCAs), investigated their use of verbal, enacted, and material symbols during business turnarounds. Conclusions are drawn concerning the metaphors used to describe the context of the business turnaround and TCAs' usage and rated effectiveness of symbols. It is suggested that multiple symbolism practices should be included in organizational diagnoses.
On the Psychology of the Uncertain Self and the Integration of the Worldview Defense Zoo

In this paper, I focus on two issues raised against the uncertainty management model that I proposed. The first issue has to do with the need for deeper insight into psychological processes instigated by uncertainty concerns, including the possibility of positive responses to uncertainty. The second issue revolves around the question to what extent uncertainty management is the core motive (vs. a core motive) of worldview defense and sense-making. By discussing these two issues, I hope to (a) make my view on uncertainty management processes clearer, (b) note explicitly that I was advocating a core motive of worldview defense (not the core motive), and (c) propose a research agenda for future research. I end the article with a plea for research studies that focus on moderators of worldview defense motives. These moderator studies may help to integrate the large variety of core motives proposed in the literature to underlie worldview defense strategies.
Expression levels of CD47, CD35, CD55, and CD59 on red blood cells and signal‐regulatory protein‐α,β on monocytes from patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia

BACKGROUND: Animal models have shown that CD47‐deficient mice develop severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) because the binding of red blood cell (RBC) CD47 to signal‐regulatory protein (SIRP‐α) on macrophages contributes to the inhibition of phagocytosis. In contrast, complement‐inhibitory proteins such as CD35, CD55, and CD59 may protect RBCs against the lysis by complement.
MRI-Arthroscopic Correlation in Rotator Cuff Tendon Pathologies; A Comparison between Various Centers.

BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has long been considered a perfect imaging study for evaluation of shoulder pathologies despite occasional discrepancies between MR reports and arthroscopic findings. In this study we aim to evaluate impact of imaging center as an indicator of image quality on accuracy of MRI reports in diagnosis of rotator cuff tendon pathologies. METHODS We reviewed MR reports of 64 patients who underwent arthroscopy in university center hospital. MRIs were done in various centers including both university-affiliated and out-centers. All studies were reported by two radiologists in consensus unaware of the arthroscopic results or previous reports. An inter-observer agreement analysis using the kappa statistics was performed to determine consistency among imaging and surgical reports. RESULTS Kappa values for out-centers were as follows: 0.785 for biceps, 0.469 for suscapularis, 0.846 for supraspinatus and 0.785 for infraspinatus tendons. In university centers values were 0.799 for biceps, 0.802 for suscapularis, 0.789 for supraspinatus and 0.770 for infraspinatus tendons. CONCLUSION Image reporting in university centers with proficient sequences increased accuracy of diagnosis in 3/4 of evaluated features and showed subtle decreased inter-observer agreement in 1/4 of features. Uniformity of the scanners and protocols as well as evaluation on a workstation rather than hard copies cumulatively resulted in a meaningful increase in the accuracy of the same radiologists in diagnosis of rotator cuff tendon tear.
What Adolescents Bring to and Learn from Relationship Education Classes: Does Social Address Matter?

The current study examined the effectiveness of a youth-focused relationship education curriculum in a sample of 1,430 adolescents attending health classes across 39 public high schools. The evaluation consisted of pre, post, and 1-year follow-up data collections for intervention and control samples. Growth curve models were fit to test the general effects of the curriculum and to examine the influence of social address indicators. Results indicated that the intervention group, but not the control group, changed in the desired direction in terms of the faulty relationship beliefs and the relationship skills that were the focus of this study. Desired improvements on the faulty relationship beliefs occurred independent of social address, but desired improvements in conflict management skills appeared only for the less socially or economically advantaged groups (e.g., lower socioeconomic status and minority status). Participants living in stepfamilies also significantly improved their perceived skills. Adolescents living in single-parent family structures appeared to benefit least from the program. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Conservatism , Just World Belief , and Racism : An Experimental Investigation of the Attitudes Measured by Modern Racism Scales ∗

The study of intergroup attitudes is a central topic across the social sciences. While there is little doubt about the importance of intergroup attitudes in shaping behavior, both the psychological underpinnings of these attitudes and the tools used to measure them remain contentious. A focal construct in the theory and measurement of racial attitudes in the United States is Modern Racism. This theory, which is by far the most common way to measure anti-Black prejudice in political science, posits that the attitudes of white Americans toward African Americans are rooted in beliefs that mix social conservatism with anti-Black affect. Despite widespread use, the scales associated with this theory have been argued to conflate political conservatism with anti-Black racism. Such claims have resulted in a longstanding and unresolved debate over the validity of the scales and theory, and have generated general confusion about the role of racism in political behavior. In this manuscript, we refocus this debate by arguing for a common psychological underpinning of both modern racism and conservative belief systems. We also argue that the scales are better suited to capturing racial sympathy than negative racial bias. To demonstrate this, we put the modern racism scales to a simple yet innovative test: we see if responses to modern racism scales change when groups other than African-Americans are included in the questions. We find that responses are, on average, nearly identical, regardless of what groups are included in the questions. The differences that do exist appear to be driven almost entirely by racial liberalism, while conservative responses appear to capture a more general orientation, such as a belief in a just world. ∗We thank R. Brian Law for suggesting this line of research. We also thank Jack Citrin, Bernard Fraga, Paul Sniderman, Michael Tesler, and Nicholas Valentino for useful conversations and Time-Sharing Experiments in Social Science for funding some of the data collection. A version of this paper was presented at the 2015 Midwest Political Science Annual Meeting. †Department of Government, Harvard University; rcarney@g.harvard. edu ‡Department of Government, Harvard University; renos@gov.harvard. edu
Intention to learn results of genetic testing for hereditary colon cancer.

INTRODUCTION This report investigates the correlates of intention to find out genetic test results in colorectal cancer patients undergoing genetic counseling and testing for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer. Specifically, we investigated whether intention to learn genetic test results was associated with sociodemographic factors, medical history, psychosocial factors, attitudes, beliefs, and decisional considerations related to genetic testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Among 342 colorectal cancer patients who went through an informed consent process and gave blood for genetic testing and who were eligible for a psychosocial questionnaire study, 269 cases completed a baseline interview. Patients were contacted in person during a routine clinic visit or by letter and follow-up telephone call and were interviewed either in person or by telephone. RESULTS In univariate analysis, intention to learn test results was positively associated with income, quality of life, a belief that being tested will help family members prevent cancer, being worried about carrying an altered gene, and a belief that one has the ability to cope with test results. It was negatively associated with a belief that genetic counseling is too much trouble relative to the benefits. Intention also was positively associated with scales measuring the pros of learning test results and the pros of informing relatives about test results; it was negatively associated with the cons of learning test results. In multivariable analysis, the belief that testing would help family members prevent cancer, being worried about carrying an altered gene, and the pros of learning test results remained statistically associated with intention when other variables were included in the model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that the positive aspects of genetic testing were more strongly associated with intention than were the negative aspects. They also showed that persons who stated an intention to learn their genetic test results were more likely than persons who did not to affirm both the benefits and the importance of such testing. These results are consistent with the literature on psychosocial aspects of genetic testing for breast cancer.
Routing and Relay Node Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks Powered by Ambient Energy Harvesting

Energy consumption is an important issue in the design of wireless sensor networks which typically rely on non-renewable energy sources like batteries for power. Recent advances in ambient energy harvesting technologies have made it a viable alternative source of energy for powering wireless sensor networks perpetually. In this paper, we optimize network performance by finding the optimal routing algorithm and relay node placement scheme for wireless sensor networks powered by ambient energy harvesting. We evaluate the performance of three different variants of geographic routing algorithms and consider two relay node placement schemes, viz. uniform string topology and a cluster string topology. The performance metrics are network throughput (T), goodput (G), source sending rate (SR), efficiency (η), data delivery ratio (DR) and hop count (H). Simulation results obtained using the Qualnet simulator show that there is an optimal combination of routing algorithm and relay node placement scheme that maximizes the required performance metric. These results aim to provide insights into the impact of routing algorithms and relay node placement schemes on wireless sensor networks that rely solely on ambient energy harvesting for power.
Open-Bay and Single-Family Room Neonatal Intensive Care Units

The purpose of this study is to explore the implications of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) single-family rooms (SFRs) relative to open-bay arrangements. A recent trend in the design of NICUs has been to increase the number of private patient rooms for neonates and their families. Several factors have contributed to the popularity of SFRs, including compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, which mandates the need to provide patient privacy. Surveys of NICU medical staff (N = 75) explored the preferences and experiences of individuals providing care in two facilities, an SFR NICU and a combination unit with open-bay infant stations and SFRs. The results of this study indicate that SFR NICU design may increase staff satisfaction and reduce staff stress.
Treatment of biased and dependent sensor data in graph-based SLAM

A common approach to attack the simultaneous localization and mapping problem (SLAM) is to consider factor-graph formulations of the underlying filtering and estimation setup. While Kalman filter-based methods provide an estimate for the current pose of a robot and all landmark positions, graph-based approaches take not only the current pose into account but also the entire trajectory of the robot and have to solve a nonlinear least-squares optimization problem. Using graph-based representations has proven to be highly scalable and very accurate as compared with traditional filter-based approaches. However, biased measurements as well as unmodeled correlations can lead to a sharp deterioration in the estimation quality and hence require careful consideration. In this paper, a method to incorporate biased or dependent measurement information is proposed that can easily be integrated into existing optimization algorithms for graph-based SLAM. For biased sensor data, techniques from ellipsoidal calculus are employed to compute the corresponding information matrices. Dependencies among noise terms are treated by a generalization of the covariance intersection concept. The treatment of both biased and correlated sensor data rest upon the inflation of the involved error matrices. Simulations are used to discuss and evaluate the proposed method.
Galectin-9 binding to cell surface protein disulfide isomerase regulates the redox environment to enhance T-cell migration and HIV entry

Interaction of cell surface glycoproteins with endogenous lectins on the cell surface regulates formation and maintenance of plasma membrane domains, clusters signaling complexes, and controls the residency time of glycoproteins on the plasma membrane. Galectin-9 is a soluble, secreted lectin that binds to glycoprotein receptors to form galectin–glycoprotein lattices on the cell surface. Whereas galectin-9 binding to specific glycoprotein receptors induces death of CD4 Th1 cells, CD4 Th2 cells are resistant to galectin-9 death due to alternative glycosylation. On Th2 cells, galectin-9 binds cell surface protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), increasing retention of PDI on the cell surface and altering the redox status at the plasma membrane. Cell surface PDI regulates integrin function on platelets and also enhances susceptibility of T cells to infection with HIV. We find that galectin-9 binding to PDI on Th2 cells results in increased cell migration through extracellular matrix via β3 integrins, identifying a unique mechanism to regulate T-cell migration. In addition, galectin-9 binding to PDI on T cells potentiates infection with HIV. We identify a mechanism for regulating cell surface redox status via a galectin–glycoprotein lattice, to regulate distinct T-cell functions.
Green Tea Extract Supplementation Induces the Lipolytic Pathway, Attenuates Obesity, and Reduces Low-Grade Inflammation in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of green tea Camellia sinensis extract on proinflammatory molecules and lipolytic protein levels in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. Animals were randomized into four groups: CW (chow diet and water); CG (chow diet and water + green tea extract); HW (high-fat diet and water); HG (high-fat diet and water + green tea extract). The mice were fed ad libitum with chow or high-fat diet and concomitantly supplemented (oral gavage) with 400 mg/kg body weight/day of green tea extract (CG and HG, resp.). The treatments were performed for eight weeks. UPLC showed that in 10 mg/mL green tea extract, there were 15 μg/mg epigallocatechin, 95 μg/mg epigallocatechin gallate, 20.8 μg/mg epicatechin gallate, and 4.9 μg/mg gallocatechin gallate. Green tea administered concomitantly with a high-fat diet increased HSL, ABHD5, and perilipin in mesenteric adipose tissue, and this was associated with reduced body weight and adipose tissue gain. Further, we observed that green tea supplementation reduced inflammatory cytokine TNFα levels, as well as TLR4, MYD88, and TRAF6 proinflammatory signalling. Our results show that green tea increases the lipolytic pathway and reduces adipose tissue, and this may explain the attenuation of low-grade inflammation in obese mice.
Methanolic extract of Anthocephalus cadamba induces apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in experimental mice

Objective: Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq. (Family: Rubiaceae), a folk medicine commonly known as “Kadam” in Bengali, has been used for the treatment of tumor. The methanolic extract of A. cadamba (MEAC) showing antitumor activity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells treated mice was already reported. This study was designed to study the apoptosis-inducing property of MEAC and its mechanism in EAC cells in mice. Materials and Methods: Apoptogenic morphology was determined by fluorescent DNA-binding double staining method using dyes acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB). Comet assay was estimated to check the DNA damage. Flow cytometry (fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS]) was used to detect the apoptotic rate quantitatively by double labeling techniques using annexin V FITC/propidium iodide staining. Apoptotic protein expression was done using Western blotting assay method. Statistical Analysis: Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett's post hoc test of GraphPad Prism software. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 were considered statistically significant. Results: Apoptosis-inducing effect of MEAC on EAC cells was confirmed from AO/EB staining and FACS analysis. MEAC treatment showed dose-dependent induction of DNA damage. Apoptosis was induced by increasing the expression of multiple downstream factors such as pro-apoptotic protein p53 and p21 in EAC. Bax was up-regulated and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was down-regulated resulting in decrease of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio by MEAC treatment. Conclusion: Experimental results revealed that MEAC induces apoptosis by modulating the expression of some pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins in EAC and thus exerts its anti-tumor activity.
Methodological and empirical developments for the Ratcliff diffusion model of response times and accuracy

The Ratcliff diffusion model for simple two-choice decisions (e.g., Ratcliff, 1978; Ratcliff & McKoon, 2008) has two outstanding advantages. First, the model generally provides an excellent fit to the observed data (i.e., response accuracy and the shape of RT distributions, both for correct and error responses). Second, the parameters of the model can be mapped on to latent psychological processes such as the speed of information accumulation, response caution, and a priori bias. In recent years, the advantages of the Ratcliff diffusion model have become increasingly clear. Current advances in methodology allow all researchers to fit the diffusion model to data easily. Recent applications to ageing, lexical decision, IQ, practice, the implicit association test, and the accessory stimulus effect serve to highlight the added value of a diffusion model perspective on simple decision making.
MEACA: Mobility and Energy Aware Clustering Algorithm for Constructing Stable MANETs

Node clustering is a technique to mitigate the topology changes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). It stabilizes the end-to-end communication paths and maximizes the path lifetime. It also improves the network scalability such that the routing overhead does not become tremendous in large-scale ad hoc networks. Its effectiveness, however, depends largely on the cluster stability which is measured by the lifetime of the cluster heads and the membership time of the cluster members. The existing clustering algorithms do not achieve this objective well. In this paper, we show that the cluster stability is fundamentally related to the mobility and the energy status of the nodes in the network and propose a new clustering algorithm using the node mobility and energy information. Our new algorithm maximizes the cluster stability by choosing the low mobility and high energy nodes to be the cluster heads and by keeping the constructed clusters unchanged to the extent of their maximum possible lifetime. In addition, the proposed clustering algorithm performs equally well in large-scale ad hoc networks as in the small ones. We also show that it is a near-optimal clustering algorithm
Suppressing the Harmful Effects of Key Risk Factors

Many programs try to reduce adolescent offending with a risk factor approach in which services target the key causes of crime pertaining to families, peer groups, and schools. These programs often reduce crime, presumably through either prevention (in which exposure to a risk factor is prevented from ever occurring) or reversal (in which an individual possessing a risk factor advances to a state of no longer having it). This study examines an alternative way in which such programs may reduce delinquency: They may achieve the goal of risk factor suppression, whereby a risk factor that is neither prevented nor reversed is rendered inconsequential by program treatment. Thus, the risk factor continues to be present, but by virtue of program treatment, it no longer elevates individual involvement in crime. The authors consider this possibility with evaluation data from the experimental Children at Risk program, a 2-year case management intervention that served high-risk early adolescents.
Comparison between efficacy of MDI+spacer and nebuliser in the management of acute asthma in children.

BACKGROUND Due to changing evidence on efficacy of MDI+spacer as compared to nebuliser, two types of managements were going on in our Day unit, depending on the presence of different medical professionals. We wanted to find out the evidence of the best practice from within our unit, and then to formulate guidelines based on it for the management of paediatric acute asthma. METHODS We isolated 54 cases of children suffering from acute asthma attack from admissions during Oct 2004-March 2005 within the age range of 3-14 yrs. We categorised them into four classes of mild, moderate, severe and life threatening acute attack depending on its severity and then separated them in two groups. Group I received salbutamol Via MDI+spacer and Group II received salbutamol via nebuliser. Our outcome measure was time to clinical improvement and duration of hospital stay. RESULTS We didn't find any major difference between the two groups, moreover MDI+spacer was better than nebuliser for the treatment of severe acute asthma attack in children. CONCLUSION Our study supported and confirmed the evidence that MDI+spacer is least as effective as nebuliser in the management of acute asthma in children.
CARD-FISH for Environmental Microorganisms: Technical Advancement and Future Applications

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has become a standard technique in environmental microbiology. More than 20 years have passed since this technique was first described, and it is currently used for the detection of ribosomal RNA, messenger RNA, and functional genes encoded on chromosomes. This review focuses on the advancement and applications of FISH combined with catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD, also known as tyramide signal amplification or TSA), in the detection of environmental microorganisms. Significant methodological improvements have been made in CARD-FISH technology, including its combination with other techniques and instruments.