Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of Faults on Broadcasting Protocols for MANETs

Broadcasting in MANETs is a fundamental building block for dealing with routing and reaching consensus. In this kind of network, faults are commonplace. In spite of this, existing broadcast protocols are not adequate to deal with failures present in a real world scenario, such as link failures, network partitions, topology change during broadcasts and momentary node failures. Moreover, the ones that are capable of dealing with faults, are not suitable for MANETs. In this paper, we conduct simulations in order to evaluate the impact of faults on MANET broadcasting protocols under various network scenarios and situations. Although previous studies show that these protocols are very mobile resilient and support well congestion and collisions, the study conducted here show that they are not capable of supporting omission faults. In presence of this type of faults, they are unable to provide a high delivery rate of messages.
Solution Generation with Qualitative Models of Preferences

We consider automated decision aids that help users select the best solution from a large set of options. For such tools to successfully accomplish their task, eliciting and representing users' decision preferences is a crucial task. It is usually too complex to get a complete and accurate model of their preferences, especially regarding the trade‐offs between different criteria.We consider decision aid tools where users specify their preferences qualitatively: they are only able to state the criteria they consider, but not the precise numerical utility functions. For each criterion, the tool provides a standardized numerical function that is fixed and identical for all users and used to compare solutions. To compensate for the imprecision of this qualitative model, we let the user choose among a displayed set of possibilities rather than a single optimal solution. We consider the probability of finding the most preferred solution as a function of the number of displayed possibilities and the number of preferences. We present a probabilistic analysis, empirical validation on randomly generated configuration problems and a commercial application. We provide mathematical principles for the design of the selection mechanism, guaranteeing that users are able to find the target solution.
Regional precipitation and temperature scenarios for climate change

Abstract To investigate the consequences of climate change on the water budget in small catchments, it is necessary to know the change of local precipitation and temperature. General Circulation Models (GCM) cannot provide regional climate parameters yet, because of their coarse resolution and imprecise modelling of precipitation. Therefore downscaling of precipitation and temperature has to be carried out from the GCM grids to a small scale of a few square kilometres. Daily rainfall and temperature are modelled as processes conditioned on atmospheric circulation. Rainfall is linked to the circulation patterns (CPs) using conditional probabilities and conditional rainfall amount distribution. Both temperature and precipitation are downscaled to several locations simultaneously taking into account the CP dependent spatial correlation. Temperature is modelled using a simple autoregressive approach, conditioned on atmospheric circulation and local areal precipitation. The model uses the classification scheme of the German Weather Service and a fuzzy rule-based classification. It was applied in the Aller catchment for validation using observed rainfall and temperature, and observed classified geopotential pressure heights. GCM scenarios of the ECHAM model were used to make climate change predictions (using classified GCM geopotential heights); simulated values agree fairly well with historical data. Results for different GCM scenarios are shown.
Broad-band magnetic brain activity

Humans are able to generate and maintain rhythmic activity (as in running or beating a drum) and can also synchronize an internally generated rhythm with an external one. Brain functions involved in this ability include at least: internal rhythm generation, prediction of anticipated rhythmic stimuli, movement planning and timing, and coordination of the brain areas responsible for these functions. Several magnetoencephalographic (MEG) studies have implicated various brain areas in the ability to perform rhythmic tasks, including right frontal cortex [1], primary and secondary auditory cortices [2], and right frontal, premotor, and secondary auditory areas [3]. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and lesion studies [4, 5, 6] have also demonstrated the involvement of these areas during timing and synchronization tasks. In this paper, we investigate the magnetic brain activity of subjects performing two rhythmic tapping and synchronization tasks. We use an adaptive linearfiltering technique known as differential syntheticaperture magnetometry (dSAM) to locate sources of activity that have high signal-to-noise power ratios in various frequency bands. We then project the whole brain activity onto the individual sources with SAM spatial filters and examine the projections for evidence of phase-synchrony between the different sources. By isolating the oscillatory electromagnetic signals produced by the brain during performance, we can investigate the hypothesis that coordination between brain areas may be accomplished via phaselocking of the oscillatory activity.
First report on Database Specification and Access including Content Rating and Fake Detection system

We present here the web-interface we designed and implemented to make it easier to access our data on P2P activity. In particular, this interface makes it browsable by browsing from files to related users, and conversely. Moreover, we include in this interface richer information which we precompute, like lists of files of interest for a given user, list of users providing a given file, list of queries entered by a given user, list of names of a given file, etc. Finally, we include a first content rating and fake detection system to this interface, which automatically decides if a file should be considered as having pornographic or paedophile content, and/or is a fake.
Mode space tight binding model for ultra-fast simulations of III-V nanowire MOSFETs and heterojunction TFETs

We explore here the suitability of a mode space tight binding algorithm to various III-V homo- and heterojunction nanowire devices. We show that in III-V materials, the number of unphysical modes to eliminate is very high compared to the Si case previously reported in the literature. Nevertheless, we demonstrate here the possibility to clean III-V mode space basis from the unphysical modes and achieve a significant speed up ratio (>150×), while keeping a very good accuracy (relative error lower than 1%) when using the algorithm for NEGF transport studies. Such results demonstrate the potential of mode space tight binding models and offer unprecedented possibilities for the full band simulation of nanostructures.
A Model for the Development of a Mutation Testing Cum Test Case Generation Tool

In this paper a model for the development of an efficient tool has been proposed which improves the effectiveness of test cases by exposing the weaknesses in it. This tool primarily has two components-test case generation and mutation testing. The Test case generation component identifies valid and invalid equivalent classes and automatically generates test data belonging to both classes; The Mutation testing component injects mutants into the code to identify the strength of the test cases.
Reliable power supply capability analysis for electric distribution network including distributed generations based on probabilistic reliability

Distributed generation (DG) has developed rapidly in recent years, and its accession to electric distribution network has had significant impact on the power supply capability (PSC) of the network. Current studies on PSC have been based on deterministic security rules such as N-1 criterion while ignoring uncertain factors existing in the electric distribution network, and as a result, failing to quantitatively reflect the realistic PSC under a certain reliability level. However, the probabilistic reliability method can incorporate the random failure of components, and in particular, DGs. To explore the PSC of electric distribution network with DGs' accession, this paper presents the concept of reliable power supply capability (RPSC) and establishes the optimization model of RPSC from the perspective of probabilistic reliability. A case study tests the proposed model on an electric distribution network to demonstrate its applicability.
A call quality performance measure for handoff algorithms

This paper proposes a new approach for performance evaluation and comparison between existing handoff algorithms taking into consideration signal levels, call dropping, and handoff cost. Using the new approach, existing handoff algorithms are then compared in terms of signal quality and number of handoffs required to achieve a desired overall signal quality. We also provide in this paper a method to estimate handoff cost and to optimize handoff sequences for retrial (where repeated call attempts are made after a call is lost) and non‐retrial models based on the proposed approach. We observe that the Threshold with Hysteresis method performs better than other known methods including the one used in the GSM standard. Our results indicate that the Threshold with 4 dB Hysteresis method performs well for urban areas although with a high dropping probability, whereas the Threshold with 6 dB Hysteresis method suits for suburban areas with a low dropping probability. We find that handoff sequences obtained by existing handoff methods are less efficient than the optimal handoff sequence given in the paper by a margin of 29–45% for retrial model, and by 34–77% for non‐retrial model. The paper also suggests some specific parameter values to improve the performance of currently used handoff methods based on our findings. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Graph-Based Information Retrieval System

This paper presents a graph-based information retrieval system whose query can be expressed as a graph of topics/subtopics. Documents are ranked with respect to a query, upon relationships among documents, relationships among topics/subtopics, and relationships between query terms and documents. The system is evaluated and compared with two information retrieval systems on two standard text collections. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the other systems
EM-based design of large-scale dielectric-resonator filters and multiplexers by space mapping

A novel design methodology for filter and multiplexer design is presented. For the first time, finite-element electromagnetic (EM)-based simulators and space-mapping optimization are combined to produce an accurate design for manifold-coupled output multiplexers with dielectric resonator (DR) loaded raters. Finite-element EM-based simulators are used as a fine model of each multiplexer channel, and a coupling matrix representation is used as a coarse model. Fine details such as tuning screws are included in the fine model. The DR filter and multiplexer design parameters are kept bounded during optimization. The sparsity of the mapping between the design parameters and the coupling elements has been exploited. Our approach has been used to design large-scale output multiplexers and it has significantly reduced the overall tuning time compared to traditional techniques. The technique is illustrated through design of a five-pole DR filter and a ten-channel output multiplexer.
Re-conceptualizing recreation-based social worlds: examining the core characteristics of social worlds

ABSTRACT Social worlds are a distinct form of human organization in which individuals organize themselves by using communication channels to spread knowledge and culture around a shared interest. The leisure sciences have increasingly used the social world vernacular to describe population samples of recreation-based groups. Social world vernacular can be confusing therefore; this research aims at discussing how social worlds are organized within the structure of society and reexamines what social worlds were intended to be in the context of recreation and tourism. The researchers identified three major characteristics and those characteristics’ ability to predict and make comparisons among social worlds and their membership. These characteristics include a social world’s shared culture, shared communication channels and shared knowledge.
Dietary patterns and physical inactivity, two contributing factors to the double burden of malnutrition among adults in Burkina Faso, West Africa

A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the northern neighbourhoods of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), to examine the relationship of nutritional deficiencies and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) with lifestyle in adults. We randomly selected 330 households stratified by income tertile. In each income stratum, 110 individuals aged 25–60 years and having lived in Ouagadougou for at least 6 months were randomly selected. We performed anthropometric, dietary intake and physical activity measurements, and blood sample collection. Cluster analysis of dietary intake identified two dietary patterns: ‘urban’ (29 % of subjects) and ‘traditional’ (71 %). The ‘urban’ cluster exhibited a higher intake of fat and sugar, whereas a higher intake of plant protein, complex carbohydrate and fibre was observed in the ‘traditional’ pattern. Female sex, low income and lack of education were associated with the ‘traditional’ cluster, as well as Fe and vitamin A deficiency. CMRF prevalence (abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia) was similar in both clusters. Subjects in the ‘traditional’ cluster spent more time in physical activity and had less sedentary time than those in the ‘urban’ cluster. ‘Traditional’ dietary pattern, low income, female sex and sedentary time were significant contributing factors to the double burden of malnutrition. The rapid nutrition transition is reflected in this co-occurrence of CMRF and nutritional deficiencies. This stresses the need for prevention strategies addressing both ends of the nutrition spectrum.
Robin hood hashing

This paper deals with hash tables in which conflicts are resolved by open addressing. The initial contribution is a very simple insertion procedure which (in comparison to the standard approach) has the effect of dramatically reducing the variance of the number of probes required for a search. This leads to a new search procedure which requires only a constant number of probes, on average, even for full tables. Finally, an extension to these methods yields a new, simple way of performing deletions and subsequent insertions. Experimental results strongly indicate little degeneration in search time. In particular deletions and successful searches appear to require constant time (≪ 2.57 probes) and insertions and unsuccessful searches, O(logn).
How Has Appreciative Inquiry Lived Up To its Promises and What Will its Future Look Like

More articles at www.aipractitioner. com It would be difficult to overstate the impact Appreciative Inquiry (AI) has had on the field of organization development and the practice of change management, particularly in North America. When I give talks to corporate HR-types in the United States and Canada and ask how many have heard of Appreciative Inquiry, at least two-thirds of hands go up. This is many more than for any other dialogic OD method. Probably the second most known is Open Space, and by only by about a third as many. When I ask how many have actually been involved in an appreciative inquiry, however, only a few hands go up. You could look at that and say, “Well, lots more opportunity out there”, which I would agree with. You could also ask why a change methodology with such a long, impressive track record is so underutilized, especially in business.
An Efficient and Flexible Embedded Memory IP Compiler

The efficiency and flexibility of current state-of-the-art memory compilers are often limited due to the heavy dependence on specific circuit structure, which leads to the high recurring design cost and long design cycle. To address these issues systematically, a set of novel design schemes have been proposed in this paper, including a general, scalable memory architecture that is suitable for various memories, an highly efficient layout tiling method based on overlap-distance, an automatic and easy-to-use template expansion scheme using an ASP-style tag language, and a general and accurate timing and power prediction technique based on a piecewise polynomial interpolation algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of these schemes proposed in this paper, a single-port SRAM compiler with the maximum capacity of 1Mb has been developed and taped out successfully in SMIC 65nm process.
Assessing Sentence Similarity Using WordNet based Word Similarity

Sentence similarity assessment is key to most NLP applications. This paper presents a means of calculating the similarity between very short texts and sentences without using an external corpus of literature. This method uses WordNet, common-sense knowledge base and human intuition. Results were verified through experiments. These experiments were performed on two sets of selected sentence pairs. We show that this technique compares favorably to other word-based similarity measures and is flexible enough to allow the user to make comparisons without any additional dictionary or corpus information. We believe that this method can be applied in a variety of text knowledge representation and discovery applications.
Making Sense of the Online Forum Posts of Two Books on Zheng He’s Voyages

Abstract This paper studies the online forum posts at the websites of Amazon and Goodreads of two books on Zheng He’s voyages. The findings are threefold: First, most of the online forum participants play their due roles and satisfy the six conditions of Dahlberg’s model of an ideal online public sphere. Second, the emerged themes match the six conditions of Dahlberg’s model. The readers’ reviews at the two Western social media websites are mostly positive and rational. Implications of the study are also discussed.
A Case for MLP-Aware Cache Replacement

Performance loss due to long-latency memory accesses can be reduced by servicing multiple memory accesses concurrently. The notion of generating and servicing long-latency cache misses in parallel is called memory level parallelism (MLP). MLP is not uniform across cache misses - some misses occur in isolation while some occur in parallel with other misses. Isolated misses are more costly on performance than parallel misses. However, traditional cache replacement is not aware of the MLP-dependent cost differential between different misses. Cache replacement, if made MLP-aware, can improve performance by reducing the number of performance-critical isolated misses. This paper makes two key contributions. First, it proposes a framework for MLP-aware cache replacement by using a runtime technique to compute the MLP-based cost for each cache miss. It then describes a simple cache replacement mechanism that takes both MLP-based cost and recency into account. Second, it proposes a novel, low-hardware overhead mechanism called sampling based adaptive replacement (SBAR), to dynamically choose between an MLP-aware and a traditional replacement policy, depending on which one is more effective at reducing the number of memory related stalls. Evaluations with the SPEC CPU2000 benchmarks show that MLP-aware cache replacement can improve performance by as much as 23%
Observability Role in Acceptance of Message Application with LBS

Wechat, which can make people quick to send voice message, video, pictures and text by phone, now has been improving popular for the LBS function "searching for the nearby". But we still unknown what reasons make it outstanding from the other similar Apps, and whether anyone like the LBS to be applied to Message Service. According to Group theory and Diffusion of Innovation, we hypothesis Observability, which can be segmented to Demonstrability and Visibility, is the important factors to determine the acceptance of Location Based Service in Message Service. A study conducted to test this model has largely confirmed our expectations: Both Demonstrability and Visibility are the factors which affect acceptance.
Methodologies for In Vitro Cloning of Small RNAs and Application for Plant Genome(s)

The “RNA revolution” that started at the end of the 20th century with the discovery of post-transcriptional gene silencing and its mechanism via RNA interference (RNAi) placed tiny 21-24 nucleotide long noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the forefront of biology as one of the most important regulatory elements in a host of physiologic processes. The discovery of new classes of ncRNAs including endogenous small interfering RNAs, microRNAs, and PIWI-interacting RNAs is a hallmark in the understanding of RNA-dependent gene regulation. New generation high-throughput sequencing technologies further accelerated the studies of this “tiny world” and provided their global characterization and validation in many biological systems with sequenced genomes. Nevertheless, for the many “yet-unsequenced” plant genomes, the discovery of small RNA world requires in vitro cloning from purified cellular RNAs. Thus, reproducible methods for in vitro small RNA cloning are of paramount importance and will remain so into the foreseeable future. In this paper, we present a description of existing small RNA cloning methods as well as next-generation sequencing methods that have accelerated this research along with a description of the application of one in vitro cloning method in an initial small RNA survey in the “still unsequenced” allotetraploid cotton genome.
Novel regulation of the A‐type K+ current in murine proximal colon by calcium‐calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II

1 The kinetics of inactivation of delayed rectifier K+ current in murine colonic myocytes differed in amphotericin‐permeabilized patch and conventional patch clamp. The difference was accounted for by Ca2+ buffering. 2 Calcium‐calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitors increased the rate of inactivation and slowed recovery from inactivation of the outward current. This was seen in single steps and in the envelope of the current tails. The effect was largely on the TEA‐insensitive component of current. 3 Dialysis of myocytes with autothiophosphorylated CaMKII slowed inactivation. This effect was reversed by addition of CaMKII inhibitor. 4 Antibodies revealed CaMKII‐like immunoreactivity in murine colonic myocytes and other cells. Immunoblots identified a small protein with CaMKII‐like immunoreactivity in homogenates of colonic muscle. 5 We conclude that CaMKII regulates delayed rectifier K+ currents in murine colonic myocytes. The changes in the delayed rectifier current may participate in the Ca2+‐dependent regulation of gastrointestinal motility.