Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours in pervasive developmental disorders.

BACKGROUND Repetitive and stereotyped behaviours are a heterogeneous group of behaviours present in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite their core significance in PDD, it is not clear whether there are distinct groups of these behaviours with different specificity to autism. METHODS A two-factor model of the repetitive behaviours, namely sensory/motor (lower-order) and cognitive rigidity (higher-order), was conceptualised. The model's goodness of fit to the data was examined in a clinic population of children with PDD, with and without mental retardation, and of those with only mental retardation (MR). RESULTS Subjects with PDD had higher rates of all repetitive behaviours compared to those with MR only. The existence of two independent 'lower-order' and 'higher-order' sub-groups of the repetitive behaviours was confirmed only in the MR group. The lower-order behaviours appear to be associated more with global developmental problems, whereas the higher-order behaviours were significantly associated with ruminations in the PDD group. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that there may be two distinct sub-groups of repetitive behaviours whereby the sensory and motor repetitive behaviours are generally associated with lower developmental age and less specific to the autistic syndrome whereas the 'higher-order' behaviours may be a more 'autism specific' feature. The co-occurrence of the lower- and higher-order behaviours in PDD might reflect the end result of diffuse altered neural networks in these disorders thus being a specific feature of PDD. There is a need for more systematic studies of these behaviours not only in autistic disorders but also in other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Improved Trenched Channel Plasmonic Waveguide

In this paper, the modal analysis of a novel design of three trenched single mode channel plasmon polariton is introduced and analyzed using the full-vectorial finite difference method for linear oblique and curved interfaces (FVFD-LOCI). The analyzed parameters are the real effective index, propagation length, and lateral mode radius r3dB. In addition, the figure of merit (FOM) defined as the ratio between propagation length and lateral mode radius is also studied. The analysis is performed for different channel plasmon polariton (CPP) waveguides; trenched-groove, V-groove and the suggested three trenched structure over a specific spectral range (200-550 THz). The selected band of frequency is chosen to ensure the existence of the CPP fundamental mode. The reported design offers very high FOM at low frequency band (200-350 THz) compared to the well known V-groove structure. However, the lateral mode radius r3dB of the suggested three trenched structure is slightly smaller than that of the V-groove structure. For high frequency band (350-550 THz), the FOM is still higher than that of the V-groove structure while the lateral mode radius r3dB is slightly greater than that of the V-groove structure.
Research on Geometric Precision Compensation of NC Machining Tools Based on Modified 9-line method

In the process of precision compensation of NC machine tools, the traditional 9-line method has such principle error as error compensation of the rolling angle, because of difference from the coordinate system of the laser measurement and machine tool manufacturing. Secondly, the method has a poor robustness because the measurement noise and the repeatability of the machine tool are included in the measurement. Thirdly, the compensation model can only be used for the error compensation, and cannot be used for the precision design and the precision control and process optimization in the process of the machine tool assembly. In the paper 9-line method is modified based on error compensation model reconstructed, computer simulation research and empirical analysis. Compared with the experimental results, it is proved that the new method can correct three points of the traditional nine line method, and improve the accuracy of the roll angle error.
Crosstalk and Gate Oxide Reliability Analysis in Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects

We present the effects of cross talk in graphene nanoribbon (GNR) interconnects for 16 nm technology node. This is the first time that the cross talk analysis is presented in GNR interconnects. The electrical equivalent model is used to derive the electrical circuit parameters for GNR interconnects and cross talk analysis is performed for noise, and overshoot/undershoot analysis. The results are compared with that of copper (Cu) and multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based interconnects. The near-end cross talk noise and overshoot/undershoot are greater in GNR as compared to that of Cu and MWCNT based interconnects, whereas the far-end noise and overshoot/undershoot in GNR are smaller as compared to Cu and greater as compared to that of MWCNT based interconnects. The impact of overshoot/undershoot on the gate oxide of MOS devices has been investigated and it is found that GNR based interconnect has two orders of magnitude less failure-in-time rate than Cu interconnects.
Unlike in Drosophila Meroistic Ovaries, Hippo Represses Notch in Blattella germanica Panoistic Ovaries, Triggering the Mitosis-Endocycle Switch in the Follicular Cells

During insect oogenesis, the follicular epithelium undergoes both cell proliferation and apoptosis, thus modulating ovarian follicle growth. The Hippo pathway is key in these processes, and has been thoroughly studied in the meroistic ovaries of Drosophila melanogaster. However, nothing is known about the role of the Hippo pathway in primitive panoistic ovaries. This work examines the mRNA expression levels of the main components of the Hippo pathway in the panoistic ovary of the basal insect species Blattella germanica, and demonstrates the function of Hippo through RNAi. In Hippo-depleted specimens, the follicular cells of the basal ovarian follicles proliferate without arresting cytokinesis; the epithelium therefore becomes bilayered, impairing ovarian follicle growth. This phenotype is accompanied by long stalks between the ovarian follicles. In D. melanogaster loss of function of Notch determines that the stalk is not developed. With this in mind, we tested whether Hippo and Notch pathways are related in B. germanica. In Notch (only)-depleted females, no stalks were formed between the ovarian follicles. Simultaneous depletion of Hippo and Notch rescued partially the stalk to wild-type. Unlike in the meroistic ovaries of D. melanogaster, in panoistic ovaries the Hippo pathway appears to regulate follicular cell proliferation by acting as a repressor of Notch, triggering the switch from mitosis to the endocycle in the follicular cells. The phylogenetically basal position of B. germanica suggests that this might be the ancestral function of Hippo in insect ovaries.
Evaluating stories in narrative-based interfaces

Traditional ways to help users organize and retrieve their documents don't scale well, nor do they properly handle non-textual documents. This paper evaluates narrative-based interfaces as a natural and effective alternative for document retrieval. We have identified what shape document-describing stories take, and what contents to expect. This led to an interface that is able to capture stories, and a knowledge-based infrastructure to understand them. A prototype of the interface was used to validate narrative-based interfaces, with emphasis on story accuracy. To this end, we collected thirty stories whose contents were then compared to the documents they portrayed. Results allow us to conclude that, for the most part, such stories are trustworthy enough to allow humans to retrieve documents reliably (81%-91% of all information is correct). We also confirmed that stories told to a computer are similar to those told to human interviewers.
Charge injection and trapping at perovskite interfaces with organic hole transporting materials of different ionization energies

The extraction of photogenerated holes from CH3NH3PbI3 is crucial in perovskite solar cells. Understanding the main parameters that influence this process is essential to design materials and devices with improved efficiency. A series of vacuum deposited hole transporting materials (HTMs) of different ionization energies, used in efficient photovoltaic devices, are studied here by means of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. We find that ultrafast charge injection from the perovskite into the different HTMs (<100 fs) competes with carrier thermalization and occurs independently of their ionization energy. Our results prove that injection takes place from hot states in the valence band making this efficient even for HTMs with higher ionization energy than that of the perovskite. Moreover, a new trapping mechanism is observed after the addition of HTMs, which is attributed to interfacial electron traps formed between the CH3NH3PbI3 and the HTMs, in addition to traps in the neat perovskite. Interfacial electron trapping is slower compared to the ultrafast hole injection, which contributes to the high efficiency obtained when these HTMs are employed in solar cells.The extraction of photogenerated holes from CH3NH3PbI3 is crucial in perovskite solar cells. Understanding the main parameters that influence this process is essential to design materials and devices with improved efficiency. A series of vacuum deposited hole transporting materials (HTMs) of different ionization energies, used in efficient photovoltaic devices, are studied here by means of femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. We find that ultrafast charge injection from the perovskite into the different HTMs (<100 fs) competes with carrier thermalization and occurs independently of their ionization energy. Our results prove that injection takes place from hot states in the valence band making this efficient even for HTMs with higher ionization energy than that of the perovskite. Moreover, a new trapping mechanism is observed after the addition of HTMs, which is attributed to interfacial electron traps formed between the CH3NH3PbI3 and the HTMs, in addition to traps in the neat perovskite. Interf.
A Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting Trust in Human-Robot Interaction

Objective: We evaluate and quantify the effects of human, robot, and environmental factors on perceived trust in human-robot interaction (HRI). Background: To date, reviews of trust in HRI have been qualitative or descriptive. Our quantitative review provides a fundamental empirical foundation to advance both theory and practice. Method: Meta-analytic methods were applied to the available literature on trust and HRI. A total of 29 empirical studies were collected, of which 10 met the selection criteria for correlational analysis and 11 for experimental analysis. These studies provided 69 correlational and 47 experimental effect sizes. Results: The overall correlational effect size for trust was r̄ = +0.26, with an experimental effect size of d̄ = +0.71. The effects of human, robot, and environmental characteristics were examined with an especial evaluation of the robot dimensions of performance and attribute-based factors. The robot performance and attributes were the largest contributors to the development of trust in HRI. Environmental factors played only a moderate role. Conclusion: Factors related to the robot itself, specifically, its performance, had the greatest current association with trust, and environmental factors were moderately associated. There was little evidence for effects of human-related factors. Application: The findings provide quantitative estimates of human, robot, and environmental factors influencing HRI trust. Specifically, the current summary provides effect size estimates that are useful in establishing design and training guidelines with reference to robot-related factors of HRI trust. Furthermore, results indicate that improper trust calibration may be mitigated by the manipulation of robot design. However, many future research needs are identified.
Age, Education, and the Gender Gap in the Sense of Control

High sense of control is related to benefits in many aspects of life, and education is known to be strongly related to sense of control. In this article we explore why women tend to feel a lower sense of control than men, and why the sense of control tends to be lower among the elderly than among younger people. In particular we explore the role played by education in explaining age- and gender differences in sense of control. The analysis is based on data from the first wave of the Norwegian NorLAG study, with a representative sample of adults aged 40–79 in 30 municipalities. We find that education accounts for some of the age and gender differences in sense of control, but the mediating effects of education are rather modest. We find an increasing gender gap in sense of control with age, and this increasing gap is completely explained by differences in education. Gender differences in sense of control is explained completely by four factors, which are related to resources and power; physical health, education, living with a partner, and leadership experience. Age differences in sense of control are only partially explained. Education, physical health and employment status cuts the age effect on sense of control to half. The effect of education on sense of control is partly mediated through what we suggest are tangible benefits of education, namely health, employment, and leadership experience. Education also influences individuals through socialization mechanisms. We view agentive orientation as a psychological benefit of education, and measure this characteristic with Bem's (1981) sex-role scale on masculinity. Agentive orientation completely explains the remaining effect of education on sense of control.
Fusing Heterogeneous Data for Alzheimer's Disease Classification

In multi-view learning, multimodal representations of a real world object or situation are integrated to learn its overall picture. Feature sets from distinct data sources carry different, yet complementary, information which, if analysed together, usually yield better insights and more accurate results. Neuro-degenerative disorders such as dementia are characterized by changes in multiple biomarkers. This work combines the features from neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid studies to distinguish Alzheimer's disease patients from healthy subjects. We apply statistical data fusion techniques on 101 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. We examine whether fusion of biomarkers helps to improve diagnostic accuracy and how the methods compare against each other for this problem. Our results indicate that multimodal data fusion improves classification accuracy.
Simultaneous information and energy transfer in large-scale cellular networks with sleep mode

Energy harvesting from ambient radio frequency (RF) radiation is an efficient approach to provide wireless energy replenishment for mobile devices. At the same time, introducing active/sleep modes in base stations (BSs) is an effective method to save the energy consumption of cellular networks. However, the performance of the two techniques would be dependent and interact with each other if both of them were employed in cellular networks. In this paper, we analyze the performance and investigate the sleeping strategy design problem in the cellular network, in which the mobile devices have the capability of energy harvesting from the ambient RF signals. Specifically, using tools from stochastic geometry theory, we derive analytical expressions of the coverage probability and the harvested energy and show that they are both affected by the sleeping strategy. Then, we formulate a BSs power consumption minimization problem under the coverage probability and harvesting performance constraints. Finally, the optimal operating regime of the sleeping strategy is derived. Numerical results confirm the correctness of the analysis and show the effect of switching off BSs on both performance metrics.
Control Strategy for Input-Series–Output-Parallel High-Frequency AC Link Inverters

This paper presents a control strategy for input-series-output-parallel (ISOP) modular inverters. Each module is a high-frequency (HF) ac link (HFACL) inverter composed of an HF inverter, an HF transformer, and a cycloconverter. A PWM sequence generation based on DSP control is given, with which the circulating currents among all the constituent modules can be avoided automatically. To achieve input voltage sharing (IVS) and output current sharing (OCS) among the constituent inverter modules, a stable OCS scheme, which consists of one common output voltage regulation (OVR) loop and individual inner currents loops, is proposed. The OVR loop provides a common reference for all individual inner current loops, in which the current feedback for an individual module is the sum of all the other output currents instead of its own. The compensator designs of the OVR loop and individual inner current loops are also presented. With this control strategy, excellent IVS and OCS can be obtained. The effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified using the simulation and experimental results of a 1100-VA ISOP two-HFACL inverter system.
OLFinder—a program which disentangles DNA sequences containing heterozygous indels

The presence of heterozygous indels in a DNA sequence usually results in the sequence being discarded. If the sequence trace is of high enough quality, however, it will contain enough information to reconstruct the two constituent sequences with very little ambiguity. Solutions already exist using comparisons with a known reference sequence, but this is often unavailable for nonmodel organisms or novel DNA regions. I present a program which determines the sizes and positions of heterozygous indels in a DNA sequence and reconstructs the two constituent haploid sequences. No external data such as a reference sequence or other prior knowledge are required. Simulation suggests an accuracy of >99% from a single read, with errors being eliminable by the inclusion of a second sequencing read, such as one using a reverse primer. Diploid sequences can be fully reconstructed across any number of heterozygous indels, with two overlapping sequencing reads almost always sufficient to infer the entire DNA sequence. This eliminates the need for costly and laborious cloning, and allows data to be used which would otherwise be discarded. With no more laboratory work than is needed to produce two normal sequencing reads, two aligned haploid sequences can be produced quickly and accurately and with extensive phasing information.
Human intestinal epithelial cells produce proinflammatory cytokines in response to infection in a SCID mouse-human intestinal xenograft model of amebiasis

The protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic dysentery and amebic liver abscess, diseases associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. E. histolytica infection appears to involve the initial attachment of amebic trophozoites to intestinal epithelial cells, followed by lysis of these cells and subsequent invasion into the submucosa. A recent in vitro study (L. Eckmann, S. L. Reed, J. R. Smith, and M. F. Kagnoff, J. Clin. Invest. 96:1269-1279, 1995) demonstrated that incubation of E. histolytica trophozoites with epithelial cell lines results in epithelial cell production of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-8, suggesting that intestinal epithelial cell production of cytokines might play a role in the inflammatory response and tissue damage seen in intestinal amebiasis. To determine whether intestinal epithelial cell production of IL-1 and IL-8 occurs in response to E. histolytica infection in vivo and as an approach to studying the specific interactions between amebic trophozoites and human intestine, we used a SCID mouse-human intestinal xenograft (SCID-HU-INT) model of disease, where human intestinal xenografts were infected with virulent E. histolytica trophozoites. Infection of xenografts with E. histolytica trophozoites resulted in extensive tissue damage, which was associated with the development of an early inflammatory response composed primarily of neutrophils. Using oligonucleotide primers that specifically amplify human IL-1beta and IL-8, we could demonstrate by reverse transcription PCR that mRNA for both IL-1beta and IL-8 is produced by human intestinal xenografts in response to amebic infection. The increase in human intestinal IL-1beta and IL-8 in response to invasive amebiasis was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays specific for human IL-1beta and IL-8. Using immunohistochemistry, we confirmed that human intestinal epithelial cells were the source of IL-8 in infected xenografts and established that IL-8 production can occur at sites distal to areas of intestinal mucosal damage. These results demonstrate that human intestinal epithelial cells can produce inflammatory cytokines in response to infection in vivo and establish the SCID-HU-INT model as a system for studying the interactions between E. histolytica and human intestine.
QTLs Location of Calyx-related Traits in Tetraploid Dendrobium

In order to identify QTL locus of calyx-related traits in Dendrobium, 190 F1 individuals derived from the crossbreed of tetraploid Dendrobium cultivars D. Mangosteen x D. Burana Pink No.2 were used as materials. Through three years observation of four characteristics of calyx (length of dorsal sepal, width of dorsal sepal, length of lateral sepal, width of lateral sepal), the QTL was located on the two genetic maps of parents which had been already constructed. The result showed that the four characteristics were quite different among the individuals of F 1 generation, and the observed values of all the characteristics were all positive distribution, which was suitable for QTL analysis. Nine QTLs were detected on the maternal ‘D. Mangosteen’ genetic linkage map, including 1 QTL for dorsal sepal length, 3 QTLs for dorsal sepal width, 2 QTLs for lateral length and 3 QTLs for lateral width, with the genetic contribution rate ranging from 11.9% to 16.8%. Also, two tight linkage markers were acquired (M10E3-146, M8E8-284). A total of 6 QTLs were detected on the paternal ‘D. Burana Pink No.2’ linkage map, including 2 QTLs for dorsal sepal length, 1 QTL for dorsal sepal width, 2 QTLs for lateral length and 1 QTL for lateral width, with the genetic contribution rate ranging from 11.8% to 17.3%. This result of study could provide reference for Dendrobium molecular marker assisted breeding and precise location of correlation gene.
Non-associative public-key cryptography

We introduce a generalized Anshel-Anshel-Goldfeld (AAG) key establishment protocol (KEP) for magmas. This leads to the foundation of non-associative public-key cryptography (PKC), generalizing the concept of non-commutative PKC. We show that left selfdistributive systems appear in a natural special case of a generalized AAG-KEP for magmas, and we propose, among others instances, concrete realizations using $f$-conjugacy in groups and shifted conjugacy in braid groups. We discuss the advantages of our schemes compared with the classical AAG-KEP based on conjugacy in braid groups.
Scalable MCMC in Degree Corrected Stochastic Block Model

Community detection from graphs has many applications in machine learning, biological and social sciences. While there is a broad spectrum of literature based on various approaches, recently there has been a significant focus on inference algorithms for statistical models of community structure. These algorithms strive to solve an inference problem based on a generative model of the network. Recent advances in stochastic gradient MCMC have played a crucial role in improving the scalability of these techniques. In this paper, we propose a version of a degree corrected stochastic block model and present an MCMC based inference algorithm. Experimental results on several real world networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.