Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Organic Tandem Solar Cells based on Small Molecules

In this paper, two vacuum processed single heterojunction organic solar cells with complementary absorption are described and the construction and optimization of tandem solar cells based on the combination of these heterojunctions demonstrated. The red‐absorbing heterojunction consists of C60 and a fluorinated zinc phthalocyanine derivative (F4‐ZnPc) that leads to a 0.1–0.15 V higher open circuit voltage Voc than the commonly used ZnPc. The second heterojunction incorporates C60 and a dicyanovinyl‐capped sexithiophene derivative (DCV6T) that mainly absorbs in the green. The combination of both heterojunctions into one tandem solar cell leads to an absorption over the whole visible range of the sun spectrum. Thickness variations of the transparent p‐doped optical spacer between both subcells in the tandem solar cell is shown to lead to a significant change in short circuit current density jsc due to optical interference effects, whereas Voc and fill factor are hardly affected. The maximum efficiency η of about 5.6% is found for a spacer thickness of 150‐165 nm. Based on the optimized 165nm thick spacer, effects of intensity and angle of illumination, and temperature on a tandem device are investigated. Variations in illumination intensity lead to a linear change in jsc over three orders of magnitude and a nearly constant η in the range of 30 to 310 mW cm−2. Despite the stacked heterojunctions, the performance of the tandem device is robust against different illumination angles: jsc and η closely follow a cosine behavior between 0° and 70°. Investigations of the temperature behavior of the tandem device show an increase in η of 0.016 percentage points per Kelvin between −20 °C and 25 °C followed by a plateau up to 50 °C. Finally, further optimization of the tandem stack results in a certified η of (6.07 ± 0.24)% on (1.9893 ± 0.0060)cm2 (Fraunhofer ISE), i.e., areas large enough to be of relevance for modules.
Iterative Join-Graph Propagation

The paper presents an iterative version of join-tree clustering that applies the message passing of join-tree clustering algorithm to join-graphs rather than to join-trees, iteratively. It is inspired by the success of Pearl's belief propagation algorithm (BP) as an iterative approximation scheme on one hand, and by a recently introduced mini-clustering (MC(i)) success as an anytime approximation method, on the other. The proposed Iterative Join-graph Propagation (IJGP) belongs to the class of generalized belief propagation methods, recently proposed using analogy with algorithms in statistical physics. Empirical evaluation of this approach on a number of problem classes demonstrates that even the most time-efficient variant is almost always superior to IBP and MC(i), and is sometimes more accurate by as much as several orders of magnitude.
Principles of Optimal Page Replacement

ABSTP~CT. A formal model is presented for paging algorithms under /-order nonstationary assumptions about program behavior. When processing a program under paging in a given memory, a given paging policy generates a certain (expected) number of page calls, i.e., its "cost. " Under usual assumptions about memory system organization, minimum cost is always achieved by a demand paging algorithm. The minimum cost for /-order program behavior assumptions is expressed as a dynamic programming problem whose solution yields an optimal replacement algorithm. Solutions are exhibited in several 0-order cases of interest. Paging algorithms that implement and approximate the minimum cost are discussed.
Poly(lactic acid) as a biopolymer-based nano-composite.

Petrochemical-based polymer technology has created a lot of benefits to soceity. One of these benefits is the use of plastics in packaging. The most important factors determining rapid growth in the use of plastics in packaging industries are convenience, safety, low price and good aesthetic qualities. However, petrochemical-based polymers are produced from fossil fuel, consumed and discarded into the environment, ending up as undegradable waste. Increasing undegradable wastes are significantly disturbing and damaging the environment. Environmental specialists do not have a clear answer about dealing with these undegradable wastes yet. Incineration of these wastes produces large amounts of carbon dioxide that will contribute to global warming.
Predicting Controversy of Wikipedia Articles Using the Article Feedback Tool

Different points of view, opinions and controversies constitute the inherent part of modern society. Early detection of controversy is crucial for increasing productivity in peer production systems. The paper presents novelty approach to detecting controversial articles on the Wikipedia based on users ratings from Article Feedback Tool. The performance of proposed approach is on par with state-of-the-art solutions, but may also be applied outside Wikipedia-like systems. Additionally, emotion polarity measures can be used to locate controversial parts of articles, based on talk pages sections. With help of proposed algorithms, all articles in English Wikipedia have been tagged as either controversial or non-controversial. The dataset has been published and can be used by other researchers.
Requirements in modeling and visualization for Geant4-based radiotherapy simulation

Geant4 is utilized for many radiological software applications and then successfully adopted to them. However, developers spend much time and effort to add functions in order to apply Geant4 to the research of the radiotherapy. We described requirements of the modeling of the target volume such as a patient geometry and the visualization of results in simulation. Additionally, tools we developed subject to the requirements are also described.
Recommender systems by means of information retrieval

In this paper we present a method for reformulating the Recommender Systems problem in an Information Retrieval one. In our tests we have a dataset of users who give ratings for some movies; we hide some values from the dataset, and we try to predict them again using its remaining portion (the so-called "leave-n-out approach"). In order to use an Information Retrieval algorithm, we reformulate this Recommender Systems problem in this way: a user corresponds to a document, a movie corresponds to a term, the active user (whose rating we want to predict) plays the role of the query, and the ratings are used as weigths, in place of the weighting schema of the original IR algorithm. The output is the ranking list of the documents ("users") relevant for the query ("active user"). We use the ratings of these users, weighted according to the rank, to predict the rating of the active user. We carry out the comparison by means of a typical metric, namely the accuracy of the predictions returned by the algorithm, and we compare this to the real ratings from users. In our first tests, we use two different Information Retrieval algorithms: LSPR, a recently proposed model based on Discrete Fourier Transform, and a simple vector space model.
Joint Blind and Semi-Blind MIMO Channel Tracking and Decoding Using CMA Algorithm

Communication systems utilizing multiple transmit and receive antennas have attracted much attention in the recent years, because of their significantly increased capacities. Estimation of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channel is a major challenge for multiple antenna systems because the detection of information symbols depends critically on the availability of full or partial channel state information. Recently, there has been increasing interest in iterative channel estimation and data decoding, where data decision obtained from either hard or soft decoding is used as additional information to refine the channel estimates. This work addresses joint channel estimation and data recovery for a general system with multiple transmitting and multiple receiving antennas, impaired by multipath fading. A constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is used to find estimates of the channel and the transmitted data. To the best of our knowledge, this is a novel scheme on joint channel estimation and data detection which profits from a low complexity structure. Computer simulations are presented to confirm the robustness of the analysis and illustrate the acceptable performance of this new approach by considering its bit error rate (BER) and tracking behavior.
Title: Modelling Rail Track Deterioration and Maintenance: Current Practices and Future Needs

As commercialisation and privatisation of railway systems reach the political agendas in a number of countries, including Australia, the separation of infrastructure from operating business dictates that track costs need to be shared on an equitable basis. There is also a world-wide trend towards increased pressures on rail track infrastructure through increases in axle loads and train speeds. Such productivity and customer service driven pressures inevitably lead to reductions in the life of track components and increases in track maintenance costs. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of track degradation modeling, as well as an overview of track maintenance decision support systems currently in use in North America and Europe. The essential elements of a maintenance optimisation model currently under development are also highlighted.
KPart: A Hybrid Cache Partitioning-Sharing Technique for Commodity Multicores

Cache partitioning is now available in commercial hardware. In theory, software can leverage cache partitioning to use the last-level cache better and improve performance. In practice, however, current systems implement way-partitioning, which offers a limited number of partitions and often hurts performance. These limitations squander the performance potential of smart cache management. We present KPart, a hybrid cache partitioning-sharing technique that sidesteps the limitations of way-partitioning and unlocks significant performance on current systems. KPart first groups applications into clusters, then partitions the cache among these clusters. To build clusters, KPart relies on a novel technique to estimate the performance loss an application suffers when sharing a partition. KPart automatically chooses the number of clusters, balancing the isolation benefits of way-partitioning with its potential performance impact. KPart uses detailed profiling information to make these decisions. This information can be gathered either offline, or online at low overhead using a novel profiling mechanism. We evaluate KPart in a real system and in simulation. KPart improves throughput by 24% on average (up to 79%) on an Intel Broadwell-D system, whereas prior per-application partitioning policies improve throughput by just 1.7% on average and hurt 30% of workloads. Simulation results show that KPart achieves most of the performance of more advanced partitioning techniques that are not yet available in hardware.
Vertical selection in the presence of unlabeled verticals

Vertical aggregation is the task of incorporating results from specialized search engines or verticals (e.g., images, video, news) into Web search results. Vertical selection is the subtask of deciding, given a query, which verticals, if any, are relevant. State of the art approaches use machine learned models to predict which verticals are relevant to a query. When trained using a large set of labeled data, a machine learned vertical selection model outperforms baselines which require no training data. Unfortunately, whenever a new vertical is introduced, a costly new set of editorial data must be gathered. In this paper, we propose methods for reusing training data from a set of existing (source) verticals to learn a predictive model for a new (target) vertical. We study methods for learning robust, portable, and adaptive cross-vertical models. Experiments show the need to focus on different types of features when maximizing portability (the ability for a single model to make accurate predictions across multiple verticals) than when maximizing adaptability (the ability for a single model to make accurate predictions for a specific vertical). We demonstrate the efficacy of our methods through extensive experimentation for 11 verticals
Multiple and Coordinated Views in Information Visualization

Multiple views are not merely isolated separate views on data but mighty tools which often share a relationship. This relationship is brought to attention and utilized by coordination. Hence, in this paper I present an outline of the field of multiple coordinated views, its reasons, anticipations, jargon and examples. Because of its general nature, a large portion of this text deals with abstract formalizations, models and architecture descriptions. The latter is mainly revolving around user-generated coordination. Here, the works of North and Schneiderman (Snap-Together Visualization), Boukhelifa (A Coordination Model for Exploratory Multiview Visualization) and Weaver (Improvise) get major focus as they address coordination itself in different views and show development in their field. To conclude this paper, a small collections of interesting uses of multiple and coordinated views is presented as well as a brief discussion on recent issues.
Information Gain Ratio as Term Weight: The case of Summarization of IR Results

This paper proposes a new term weighting method for summarizing documents retrieved by IR system. Unlike query-biased summarization, our method utilizes not the information of query, but the similarity information among original documents by hierarchical clustering. To map the similarity structure of the clusters into the weight of each word, we adopt the information gain ratio of probabilistic distribution of each word as term weight.
Recovery Behaviors of NR, SBR and BR Vulcanizates from Circular Deformation

ABSTRACT ：Recovery behaviors of unfilled NR, BR, and SBR vulcanizates after aging with a circular deformation werecompared to prevent the influence of reinforcing agent. Samples were aged at room temperature, 50, 70, and 90℃ for10 days. Recovery increased by increasing the measurement time. Instantaneous recoveries less than 1.0 sec were obtainedusing the recovery variations with the measurement time. For aging at room temperature, difference in the recoveries ofthe rubber samples was not significant because the aging time was too short. However, for accelerated thermal aging at50, 70, and 90℃, difference in the recoveries of the rubber samples was significant. Degree of recovery of BR specimen was higher than those of the others, while that of SBR was lowest. However, for accelerated thermal aging at 90℃,recovery of the NR sample was higher than that of the BR one. The initial recovery decreased by increasing the aging temperature and the decrement of SBR was larger than the others. The experimental results were explained with the resilienceproperties of rubbers and the crosslink density changes by thermal aging.
An Improved Image Compression Algorithm Using Binary Space Partition Scheme and Geometric Wavelets

Geometric wavelet is a recent development in the field of multivariate nonlinear piecewise polynomials approximation. The present study improves the geometric wavelet (GW) image coding method by using the slope intercept representation of the straight line in the binary space partition scheme. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with the wavelet transform-based compression methods such as the embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW), the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) and the embedded block coding with optimized truncation (EBCOT), and other recently developed “sparse geometric representation” based compression algorithms. The proposed image compression algorithm outperforms the EZW, the Bandelets and the GW algorithm. The presented algorithm reports a gain of 0.22 dB over the GW method at the compression ratio of 64 for the Cameraman test image.
Mitochondria-Associated Hexokinases Play a Role in the Control of Programmed Cell Death in Nicotiana benthamiana[W]

Recent findings suggest a pivotal role for mitochondria-associated hexokinase in the regulation of apoptosis in animal cells. In this study, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of a hexokinase-encoding Hxk1 caused necrotic lesions on leaves, abnormal leaf morphology, and retarded plant growth in Nicotiana benthamiana. Hxk1 was associated with the mitochondria, and this association required the N-terminal membrane anchor. VIGS of Hxk1 reduced the cellular glucose-phosphorylating activity to ∼31% of control levels without changing the fructose-phosphorylating activity and did not alter hexose phosphate content severely. The affected cells showed programmed cell death (PCD) morphological markers, including nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation. Similar to animal cell apoptosis, cytochrome c was released into the cytosol and caspase-9– and caspase-3–like proteolytic activities were strongly induced. Furthermore, based on flow cytometry, Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing Arabidopsis HXK1 and HXK2, both of which are predominantly associated with mitochondria, exhibited enhanced resistance to H2O2- and α-picolinic acid–induced PCD. Finally, the addition of recombinant Hxk1 to mitochondria-enriched fractions prevented H2O2/clotrimazole-induced cytochrome c release and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Together, these results show that hexokinase critically regulates the execution of PCD in plant cells, suggesting a link between glucose metabolism and apoptosis.
Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Comorbid Social Phobia

The purpose of this article is to help persons in the helping professions recognize the serious threats to self, family life, and work experienced by persons with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and social phobia and help engage persons affected in focused, clinically responsible treatment. The article will present findings from epidemiological studies of the disorders presenting conjointly, illustrate comorbidity in clinical practice through case examples, and review clinically relevant information to be gleaned in the diagnostic assessment. Core triage decisions in initiating treatment will be reviewed. Medication approaches and patient concerns regarding medication will be overviewed. The article will summarize psycho-educational information regarding cognitive errors in OCD and social phobia that may be presented to the patient to help the patient limit anxiety evocative and depressive thought. The author will provide illustrations of cognitive behavioral treatment in individual and group psychotherapy, transfer of training, treatment resistance, and adjunctive treatments, resources for consumers and practitioners, and emerging challenges in the field. [Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 3:55‐81 (2003)]
33.3: Comparison of Poly‐Si TFT Characteristics Crystallized by a YAG2ω Laser and an Excimer Laser

Poly‐Si TFTs were fabricated by both a YAG2ω laser and an excimer laser annealing system using a same TFT manufacturing process, and the electrical characteristics of the TFTs were compared. As a result, it is found that a wider process window can be obtained with the YAG2ω laser annealing system. The possibility of overlapped irradiation is also shown.
Should anti-tobacco media messages be culturally targeted for Indigenous populations? A systematic review and narrative synthesis

Objective To summarise published empirical research on culturally targeted anti-tobacco media messages for Indigenous or First Nations people and examine the evidence for the effectiveness of targeted and non-targeted campaigns. Methods Studies were sought describing mass media and new media interventions for tobacco control or smoking cessation in Indigenous or First Nations populations. Studies of any design were included reporting outcomes of media-based interventions including: cognitions, awareness, recall, intention to quit and quit rates. Then, 2 reviewers independently applied inclusion criteria, which were met by 21 (5.8%) of the studies found. One author extracted data with crosschecking by a second. Both independently assessed papers using Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN; quantitative studies) and Daly et al (qualitative studies). Results A total of 21 studies were found (4 level 1 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 11 level 2 studies and 6 qualitative studies) and combined with narrative synthesis. Eight evaluated anti-tobacco TV or radio campaigns; two assessed US websites; three New Zealand studies examined mobile phone interventions; five evaluated print media; three evaluated a CD-ROM, a video and an edutainment intervention. Conclusions Although Indigenous people had good recall of generic anti-tobacco messages, culturally targeted messages were preferred. New Zealand Maori may be less responsive to holistic targeted campaigns, despite their additional benefits, compared to generic fear campaigns. Culturally targeted internet or mobile phone messages appear to be as effective in American Indians and Maori as generic messages in the general population. There is little research comparing the effect of culturally targeted versus generic messages with similar message content in Indigenous people.
The performance analysis of an indoor mobile mapping system with RGB-D sensor

Over the years, Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) have been widely applied to urban mapping, path management and monitoring and cyber city, etc. The key concept of mobile mapping is based on positioning technology and photogrammetry. In order to achieve the integration, multi-sensor integrated mapping technology has clearly established. In recent years, the robotic technology has been rapidly developed. The other mapping technology that is on the basis of low-cost sensor has generally used in robotic system, it is known as the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The objective of this study is developed a prototype of indoor MMS for mobile mapping applications, especially to reduce the costs and enhance the efficiency of data collection and validation of direct georeferenced (DG) performance. The proposed indoor MMS is composed of a tactical grade Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), the Kinect RGB-D sensor and light detection, ranging (LIDAR) and robot. In summary, this paper designs the payload for indoor MMS to generate the floor plan. In first session, it concentrates on comparing the different positioning algorithms in the indoor environment. Next, the indoor plans are generated by two sensors, Kinect RGB-D sensor LIDAR on robot. Moreover, the generated floor plan will compare with the known plan for both validation and verification.
Lateral response dynamics and hemispheric dominance for speech perception

In this study, we investigated the mechanism for the left cerebral hemisphere's dominance for speech perception. We utilized the crossover of auditory pathways in the central nervous system to present speech stimuli more directly to the left hemisphere (via the right ear) and right hemisphere (via the left ear). Using functional MRI, we found that estimated duration of neural response in the left auditory cortex increased as more speech information was directly received from the right ear. Conversely, response duration in the right auditory cortex was not modulated when more speech information was directly received from the left ear. These data suggest that selective temporal responding distinguishes the dominant from nondominant hemisphere of the human brain during speech perception.