Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Processes Exert a Predominant Influence on the 24-h Profile of Heart Rate Variability

Adverse cardiovascular events are known to exhibit 24-h variations with a peak incidence in the morning hours and a nonuniform distribution during the night. The authors examined whether these 24-h variations could be related to circadian or sleep-related changes in heart rate (HR) and in HR variability (HRV). To differentiate the effect of circadian and sleep-related influences, independent of posture and of meal ingestion, seven normal subjects were studied over 24 h, once with nocturnal sleep from 2300 to 0700 h and once after a night of sleep deprivation followed by8hof daytime sleep from 0700 to 1500 h. The subjects were submitted to constant conditions (continuous enteral nutrition and bed rest). HRV was calculated every 5 min using two indexes: the standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN) and the ratio of low-frequency to low-frequency plus high-frequency power. Sleep processes exerted a predominant influence on the 24-h profiles of HR and HRV, with lowest HRV levels during slow wave sleep, high levels during REM sleep and intrasleep awakenings, and abrupt increases in HR at each transition from deeper sleep to lighter sleep or awakenings. The circadian influence was smaller, except for SDNN, which displayed a nocturnal increase of 140% whether the subjects slept or not. This study demonstrates that 24-h variations in HR and HRV are little influenced by the circadian clock and are mainly sleep-stage dependent. The results suggest an important role for exogenous factors in the morning increase in cardiovascular events. During sleep, the sudden rises in HR at each transition from deeper sleep to lighter sleep or awakenings might precipitate the adverse cardiac events.
Fixing Recurring Crash Bugs via Analyzing Q&A Sites (T)

Recurring bugs are common in software systems, especially in client programs that depend on the same framework. Existing research uses human-written templates, and is limited to certain types of bugs. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic approach to fixing recurring crash bugs via analyzing Q&A sites. By extracting queries from crash traces and retrieving a list of Q&A pages, we analyze the pages and generate edit scripts. Then we apply these scripts to target source code and filter out the incorrect patches. The empirical results show that our approach is accurate in fixing real-world crash bugs, and can complement existing bug-fixing approaches.
Edge Detection using Gabor Coefficients through Neural Network

The paper describes detection of edges in images, based on quadtrees and a classification technique in the Gabor transform domain. In this scheme, a quadtree is used to segment low-detail regions into variable sized blocks and high-detail regions into uniform 4*4 blocks. High-detail blocks are classified by an edge-oriented classifier which employs a multilayer neural network with edge models defined in the normalised Gabor domain. The proposed classifier is a perceptron multiplayer Neural Network with Back-propagation learning algorithm.
The Effect of Input DNA Copy Number on Genotype Call and Characterising SNP Markers in the Humpback Whale Genome Using a Nanofluidic Array

Recent advances in nanofluidic technologies have enabled the use of Integrated Fluidic Circuits (IFCs) for high-throughput Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) genotyping (GT). In this study, we implemented and validated a relatively low cost nanofluidic system for SNP-GT with and without Specific Target Amplification (STA). As proof of principle, we first validated the effect of input DNA copy number on genotype call rate using well characterised, digital PCR (dPCR) quantified human genomic DNA samples and then implemented the validated method to genotype 45 SNPs in the humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae, nuclear genome. When STA was not incorporated, for a homozygous human DNA sample, reaction chambers containing, on average 9 to 97 copies, showed 100% call rate and accuracy. Below 9 copies, the call rate decreased, and at one copy it was 40%. For a heterozygous human DNA sample, the call rate decreased from 100% to 21% when predicted copies per reaction chamber decreased from 38 copies to one copy. The tightness of genotype clusters on a scatter plot also decreased. In contrast, when the same samples were subjected to STA prior to genotyping a call rate and a call accuracy of 100% were achieved. Our results demonstrate that low input DNA copy number affects the quality of data generated, in particular for a heterozygous sample. Similar to human genomic DNA, a call rate and a call accuracy of 100% was achieved with whale genomic DNA samples following multiplex STA using either 15 or 45 SNP-GT assays. These calls were 100% concordant with their true genotypes determined by an independent method, suggesting that the nanofluidic system is a reliable platform for executing call rates with high accuracy and concordance in genomic sequences derived from biological tissue.
Consensus-Based Distributed Fusion for Networked Antiaircraft Fire Control System

Renovation of networked campaign modality results in the development of networked antiaircraft fire control system. The traditional network antiaircraft fire control system usually needs a fusion center for target tracking and decision, which would not be suitable for system expansion and may easily suffer from packet loss. Inspired by applications of multi-agent consensus theories, we propose a novel framework of distributed air defense fire control system. Track fusion based on Consensus-Kalman filter technique is put forward, and the filter structure is designed for open architecture and flexibility. The packet loss between the sub-systems is also considered. The proposed structure can be scalable and robust for applications. The illustrative numerical example is provided to demonstrate the usefulness and flexibility of the proposed approach.
Risk management model of 69 kV power transformer bushing in Metropolitan substation

This paper presents diagnosis techniques to assess the risk of power transformer bushing rating of 69 kV in Metropolitan substation by means of condition evaluation and importance evaluation. Tan delta test with available data is conducted for condition evaluation of the transformer bushing, while the selected criteria with updated network data is utilized for importance evaluation of the power transformer fleet. Score and weighting techniques are used for the transformer risk assessment. To achieve the proper bushing maintenance, the indices of both assessment of the transformer are plotted in the risk model. Consequently, the maintenance action can be accomplished by nine separated maintenance zones with color indicators such as corrective maintenance, time-based maintenance, condition-based maintenance, and online monitoring. In the analysis, 30 power transformers with rating of 69/24 kV are selected for planning the maintenance action of the 69 kV bushing in Metropolitan substation. Finally, the reduced transformer risk and improved reliability in the system can be achieved with decreased maintenance costs.
Audition differently activates the visual system in neonatally enucleated mice compared with anophthalmic mutants

The occipital cortex, normally visual, can be activated by auditory or somatosensory tasks in the blind. This cross‐modal compensation appears after early or late onset of blindness with differences in activation between early and late blind. This could support the hypothesis of a reorganization of sensory pathways in the early blind that does not occur in later onset blindness. Using immunohistochemistry of the c‐Fos protein following a white noise stimulus and injections of the anterograde tracer dextran‐biotin in the inferior colliculus, we studied how the occurrence of blindness influences cross‐modal compensation in the mutant anophthalmic mouse strain and in C57BL/6 mice enucleated at birth. We observed, in mutant mice, immunolabeled nuclei in the visual thalamus – the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus – in the primary visual area (V1) and a few labeled nuclei in the secondary visual area (V2). In enucleated mice, we observed auditory activity mainly in V2 but also sparsely in V1. No labeled cells could be found in the visual thalamus. Tracing studies confirmed the difference between anophthalmic and birth‐enucleated mice: whereas the first group showed inferior colliculus projections entering both the dorsal lateral geniculate and the latero‐posterior nuclei, in the second, auditory fibers were found only within the latero‐posterior thalamic nucleus. None was found in controls with intact eyes. We suggest that the prenatal period of spontaneous retinal activity shapes the differences of the sensory reorganization in mice.
Low-cost Named Entity Classification for Catalan: Exploiting Multilingual Resources and Unlabeled Data

This work studies Named Entity Classification (NEC) for Catalan without making use of large annotated resources of this language. Two views are explored and compared, namely exploiting solely the Catalan resources, and a direct training of bilingual classification models (Spanish and Catalan), given that a large collection of annotated examples is available for Spanish. The empirical results obtained on real data point out that multilingual models clearly outperform monolingual ones, and that the resulting Catalan NEC models are easier to improve by bootstrapping on unlabelled data.
Cardiovascular Toxicities of Breast Cancer Treatment: Emerging Issues in Cardio-Oncology

In 2015, the American Cancer Society estimates that 234,000 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed along with an additional 60,000 cases of carcinoma in situ. Nearly 40,000 women will die due to breast cancer annually (1). Current management options for Stage 0, I, & II breast cancer include mastectomy, breast conserving surgery (BCS), or breast conserving surgery followed by whole breast radiation therapy (BCS + RT); the use of chemotherapy is independent of local therapy. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) are the first and third leading causes of death, respectively, among men and women in the United States (2). Patients with CVD share multiple common risk factors and lifestyle behaviors in addition to frequently suffering from multiple comorbid conditions. Tobacco use, hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition are all established risk factors of heart disease. The carcinogenic potential of antihypertensive medications has been widely debated and while a meta-analysis found no increase in cancer incidence or mortality, they could not rule this out with certain combinations of drugs (3). In addition, as antihypertensive medications for cardiovascular disease improve, patients are living longer and are at greater risk for developing cancer. Moreover, patients with diseases such as breast cancer may develop CVD from treatment, such as use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT). Inherently within these competing risks of morbidity and mortality lays the intersection of the disciplines of cardiology and oncology.
PSU-TH-201 4D DOUBLETON CONFORMAL THEORIES, CPT AND II B STRING ON AdS5 × S 5

We study the unitary supermultiplets of the N = 8 d = 5 anti-de Sitter (AdS) superalgebra SU (2, 2|4) which is the symmetry algebra of the IIB string theory on AdS 5 × S 5. We give a complete classification of the dou-bleton supermultiplets of SU (2, 2|4) which do not have a Poincare limit and correspond to d = 4 conformal field theories (CFT) living on the boundary of AdS 5. The CPT self-conjugate irreducible doubleton supermultiplet corresponds to d = 4 N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. The other irreducible doubleton supermultiplets come in CPT conjugate pairs. The maximum spin range of the general doubleton supermultiplets is 2. In particular, there exists a CPT conjugate pair of doubleton supermultiplets corresponding to the fields of N = 4 conformal supergravity in d = 4 which can be coupled to N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in d = 4. We also study the " massless " supermultiplets of SU (2, 2|4) which can be obtained by tensoring two dou-bleton supermultiplets. The CPT self-conjugate " massless " supermultiplet is the N = 8 graviton supermultiplet in AdS 5. The other " massless " super-multiplets generally come in conjugate pairs and can have maximum spin range of 4. We discuss the implications of our results for the conjectured CFT/AdS dualities.
Simulation of reacting flow during filling in reaction injection molding (RIM)

This paper deals with computer simulation of the filling stage of the Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) process for cavities of rectangular, cylindrical, and disc shapes. The computer model is in two parts: the main flow and the flow by the moving front. In the main flow part, the transient equations of axial momentum, energy and species conservation and also the continuity equation are solved numerically by finite-difference methods using a moving, changing mesh. In the flow front part, which is quite novel, the transient (parabolic) vorticity, energy and species conservation equations and the elliptic stream function equation are again solved by finite-difference methods. Results are presented for all three cavity shapes and those for rectangular cavities are compared with the experimental results of previous investigators.
Robust Object Tracking with Occlusion Handling based on Local Sparse Representation Hainan

Sparse representation has been successfully applied to visual tracking to find the target with the minimum reconstruction error from the target templates subspace. Traditional sparsity-based trackers handle corruptions and occlusions of the observation by introducing a set of trivial templates. However, the performance is not so satisfactory in practice. It is because the trivial templates unable to model heavy occlusions effectively, and the likelihood computation and the template update processes do not take full advantage of the occlusion information. In this paper, we propose a novel tracking method taking advantage of local sparse representation to detect occlusions during the tracking sequence. In our method, the target is divided into local patches. We analyze the spatial distribution of the samples employed by the local sparse representation, and determine the occlusion state for each patch respectively. The occluded patches are disregard, only the unoccluded ones are considered for reconstruction and likelihood computation. In addition, a dynamic template update strategy with occlusion handling is introduced to alleviate the drift problem. Experiments on challenging video sequences demonstrate that the proposed tracking algorithm performs favorably against several state-of-the-art methods.
The revised ARPANET routing metric

The ARPANET routing metric was revised in July 1987, resulting in substantial performance improvements, especially in terms of user delay and effective network capacity. These revisions only affect the individual link costs (or metrics) on which the PSN (packet switching node) bases its routing decisions. They do not affect the SPF (“shortest path first”) algorithm employed to compute routes (installed in May 1979). The previous link metric was packet delay averaged over a ten second interval, which performed effectively under light-to-moderate traffic conditions. However, in heavily loaded networks it led to routing instabilities and wasted link and processor bandwidth. The revised metric constitutes a move away from the strict delay metric: it acts similar to a delay-based metric under lightly loads and to a capacity-based metric under heavy loads. It will not always result in shortest-delay paths. Since the delay metric produced shortest-delay paths only under conditions of light loading, the revised metric involves giving up the guarantee of shortest-delay paths under light traffic conditions for the sake of vastly improved performance under heavy traffic conditions.
Analysis of differential DNA damage in the mitochondrial genome employing a semi-long run real-time PCR approach

The maintenance of the mitochondrial genomic integrity is a prerequisite for proper mitochondrial function. Due to the high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, the mitochondrial genome is highly exposed to oxidative stress leading to mitochondrial DNA injury. Accordingly, mitochondrial DNA damage was shown to be associated with ageing as well as with numerous human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. To date, several methods have been described to detect damaged mitochondrial DNA, but those techniques are semi-quantitative and often require high amounts of genomic input DNA. We developed a rapid and quantitative method to evaluate the relative levels of damage in mitochondrial DNA by using the real time-PCR amplification of mitochondrial DNA fragments of different lengths. We investigated mitochondrial DNA damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide or stressed by over-expression of the tyrosinase gene. In the past, there has been speculation about a variable vulnerability to oxidative stress along the mitochondrial genome. Our results indicate the existence of at least one mitochondrial DNA hot spot, namely the D-Loop, being more prone to ROS-derived damage.
Diamond-like carbon coatings deposited by vacuum arc in artificial hip joints

For biomedical application in the field of artificial hip joints diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have been widely studied due to their excellent mechanical, tribological and biological properties. At present the lifetime of such joints is just about 15 years and some (10%) of patients require second replacementent. In consequence, it is currently an urgent need to extend the life expectancy especially for younger patients under 50 years old. As is well known, the wear particles as the main factor limiting the life expectancy of hip joints have attracted more and more interest, in particular, the amount of wear particles. However, it is rare to see the reports about wear particle size distribution. The key contribution of this dissertation is a new approach-design of wear particle size distribution, which is an initial and important step of DLC research in artificial hip joint field. In addition, DLC coating is grown by a new deposition technique based on the vacuum arc, which allows the transition from cathodic to anodic operation mode by adjusting anode-cathode diameter ratio. The main aim of this dissertation is to investigate the influence of deposition parameters on the wear particle size distribution, as well as the structure and tribological properties of DLC coatings. It is shown that it is possible to reduce the wear particle size by optimization of the deposition parameters.
Investigation of CSAR 62, a new resist for electron beam lithography

CSAR 62 is a new positive tone electron beam resist designed to have similar performance to ZEP520A in resolution, speed, and etch resistance. In this paper, the authors have used the resist to carry out high resolution electron beam lithography and as a mask for reactive ion etching on dielectrics, gallium arsenide, and silicon substrates coated with a 160 nm film of aluminum. Comparisons have been made between the results obtained using CSAR 62, ZEP520A, and polymethylmethacrylate. The authors conclude that CSAR 62 does demonstrate similar resolution, sensitivity, and etch resistance as ZEP520A but also gives rise to substantial resist residuals after development. These are almost entirely eliminated by using an alternative developer.
Emotions in Electronic Auctions - A Physio-Economic Approach on Information Systems

Though auctions show a prevailing dominance in electronic markets, our understanding of how auctions affect human behaviour is still rather limited. In this paper we analyse the impact of emotional processes on the decision making of human agents in electronic auctions. The analysis is based on a physio-economic study, in which human agents take part in a Dutch auction experiment, while their physiological parameters are recorded simultaneously. Parameters evaluated in this study are the electrodermal activity and the heart rate of the experiment participants. Based on the physiological results, we conclude that human agents tend to cognitively set a price at which they want to end the auction, but once they reach that specific price, they are tempted due to emotional processes to wait a little longer in order to increase their nominal payoff. Further we argue that the adaption of psychophysiological methodologies is not limited to mechanism design, but can be of considerable assistance for successful design of information systems in general.
Incomplete spectrogram reconstruction with kalman filter for noise robust speech recognition

Speech recognition accuracy degrades in presence of additive noise especially when recognizer's training data are clean. Several methods have been proposed to compensate effects of noise on recognition accuracy among these methods Feature- Based Missing Feature Techniques, have shown promising results in making speech recognition systems robust. In these methods first corrupted parts of speech spectrogram are identified then prior to recognition these parts are reconstructed. In this paper Kalman-Based incomplete spectrogram reconstruction is proposed. By kalman-Based reconstruction, correlations between successive frames are used to infer missed parts of spectrogram. Kalman-Based reconstruction, improves recognition accuracy in comparison to previous most efficient reconstruction algorithm, Cluster-based reconstruction, in low SNR values. Average of 10% improvements in -5 dB in presence of different noises is achieved with noisy cluster membership identification and 4.3% in -10 dB and 3.2% in -5 dB in presence of white noise in comparison to Cluster-Based method with weighted average cluster membership identification.