Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality and Recommendation System to Design Mobility System

In the domain of urbanism and more particularly the design of mobility system, the end-users are poorly involved whereas they condition the success of new infrastructure. The generalization of policies for active mobility urges the importance of correctly design the system of mobility. The success goes through the consideration of end-user needs. However, there is always a gap between the needs of the users and reality. We assume that virtual reality can ease user-centered design approach by letting the users experiment the technical solutions. Although maps and mockup permit exchanges between designers and end-users to improve the final design, this research assume that immersive environment is more efficient. Virtual reality seems to be a relevant tool for a user-centered approach applied to mobility system. The difficulty remains providing the adapted information to the designers who are the responsible to make the decision of the solution. The aim is not only to use virtual reality in the design process but also suggests a methodology to imply users in the design process and assist the designer during the decision-making.
Expression of COX-2, CD44v6 and CD147 and Relationship with Invasion and Lymph Node Metastasis in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

To assess the expression of COX-2,CD44v6 and CD147 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and the three biomarkers correlation with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis of Chinese people. 101 cases of surgically excised primary tumor were included in this study, and 40 tissues of epithelium adjacent to carcinoma were used as controls. We characterized the immunohistochemical expression of COX-2, CD44v6, and CD147 in141 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, and measured the mean optical density (OD) of the positive area to identify the expression of the three bio-markers and relationship with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. Our study demonstrates that the expression of the COX-2 and CD147 were significantly increased in carcinoma tissues compared to the epithelium adjacent to carcinoma. We also observed that the expression of COX-2, CD44v6, and CD147 were significantly associated with T classification, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage. There was strong significant correlation among the three biomarkers as well. Additionally, we indicated that recurrence and ≥P50 level of COX-2 expression had an independent prognostic effect on prognosis. In conclusion, the three biomarkers play important roles in tumor invasion and lymph node metastases and might be valuable indicators of tumor metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Not a Big Deal? Examining Help-Seeking Behaviors of Sexually Victimized Women on the College Campus

The sexual assault and coercion of women on university campuses continues to be an ongoing problem. It is estimated that more than 15% of women attending college experience some type of sexual assault or coercion each year. As universities and other social institutions begin to acknowledge the prevalence of sexual victimization, an increased emphasis has been placed on helping victims of sexual crimes. The current study uses results from 378 surveys completed by females at a midwestern university to examine the help-seeking behaviors of those who have been victimized. This study specifically focuses on formal and informal reporting, identifying help agents, and reasons for not reporting. Results reveal that 1% of women who were victimized reported their experience to a formal entity, whereas 45% told an informal agent, such as a friend or roommate. Reasons for not reporting included not identifying the experience as rape, wanting to keep the experience private, and feeling ashamed.
An exploration of socio-economic and food characteristics of high trans fatty acid consumers in the Dutch and UK national surveys after voluntary product reformulation

ABSTRACT Trans fatty acids (TFA) increase the risk of mortality and chronic diseases. TFA intakes have fallen since reformulation, but may still be high in certain, vulnerable, groups. This paper investigates socio-economic and food consumption characteristics of high TFA consumers after voluntary reformulation in the Netherlands and UK. Post-reformulation data of adults aged 19–64 was analysed in two national surveys: the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey (DNFCS) collected 2007–2010 using 2*24hr recalls (N = 1933) and the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 3&4 collected 2010/11 and 2011/12 using 4-day food diaries (N = 848). The socio-economic and food consumption characteristics of the top 10% and remaining 90% TFA consumers were compared. Means of continuous data were compared using t-tests and categorical data means using chi-squared tests. Multivariate logistic regression models indicated which socio-demographic variables were associated with high TFA consumption. In the Dutch analyses, women and those born outside the Netherlands were more likely to be top 10% TFA consumers than men and Dutch-born. In the UK unadjusted analyses there was no significant trend in socio-economic characteristics between high and lower TFA consumers, but there were regional differences in the multivariate logistic regression analyses. In the Netherlands, high TFA consumers were more likely to be consumers of cakes, buns & pastries; cream; and fried potato than the remaining 90%. Whereas in the UK, high TFA consumers were more likely to be consumers of lamb; cheese; and dairy desserts and lower crisps and savoury snack consumers. Some socio-demographic differences between high and lower TFA consumers were evident post-reformulation. High TFA consumers in the Dutch 2007–10 survey appeared more likely to obtain TFA from artificial sources than those in the UK survey. Further analyses using more up-to-date food composition databases may be needed.
Using Smart City Data in 5G Self-Organizing Networks

So far, research on Smart Cities and self-organizing networking techniques for fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems has been one-sided: a Smart City relies on 5G to support massive machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, but the actual network is unaware of the information flowing through it. However, a greater synergy between the two would make the relationship mutual, since the insights provided by the massive amount of data gathered by sensors can be exploited to improve the communication performance. In this paper, we concentrate on self-organization techniques to improve handover efficiency using vehicular traffic data gathered in London. Our algorithms exploit mobility patterns between cell coverage areas and road traffic congestion levels to optimize the handover bias in heterogeneous networks and dynamically manage mobility management entity (MME) loads to reduce handover completion times.
G A ] 15 D ec 2 01 6 Molecular Gas in the Outskirts

The outskirts of galaxies offer extreme environments where we can test our understanding of the formation, evolution, and destruc tion of molecules and their relationship with star formation and galaxy evolutio n. We review the basic equations that are used in normal environments to estimate p hysical parameters like the molecular gas mass from CO line emission and dust continu um emission. Then we discuss how those estimates may be affected when applied t o the outskirts, where the average gas density, metallicity, stellar radiation fie ld, and temperature may be lower. We focus on observations of molecular gas in the outsk irts of the Milky Way, extragalactic disk galaxies, early-type galaxies, groups , and clusters. The scientific results show the versatility of molecular gas, as it has been used to trace Milky Way spiral arms out to a galactocentric radius of 15 kpc, to st udy star formation in extended ultraviolet disk galaxies, to probe galaxy inte ractions in polar ring S0 galaxies, and to investigate ram pressure stripping in clus ters. Throughout the Chapter, we highlight the physical stimuli that accelerate the f ormation of molecular gas, including internal processes such as spiral arm compressio n and external processes such as interactions. Linda C. Watson European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vi tacura, Casilla 19001, Santiago, Chile; e-mail:lwatson@eso.org Jin Koda NAOJ Chile Observatory, Joaquı́n Montero 3000 Oficina 702, V itacura, Santiago, Chile; Joint ALMA Office, Alonso de Córdova 3107, Vitacura, Casill a 19001, Santiago, Chile; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook Universit y, S ony Brook, NY 11794, USA; e-mail:jin.koda@stonybrook.edu
Nested CRP with Hawkes-Gaussian Processes

There has been growing interest in learning social structure underlying interaction data, especially when such data consist of both temporal and textual information. In this paper, we propose a novel nonparametric Bayesian model that incorporates senders and receivers of messages into a hierarchical structure that governs the content and reciprocity of communications. We bring the nested Chinese restaurant process from nonparametric Bayesian statistics to Hawkes process models of point pattern data. By modeling senders and receivers in such a hierarchical framework, we are better able to make inferences about the authorship and audience of communications, as well as individual behavior such as favorite collaborators and top-pick words. Empirical results show that our proposed model has improved predictions about event times and clusters. In addition, the latent structure revealed by our model provides a useful qualitative understanding of the data, facilitating interesting exploratory analyses.
Deep mutational scanning of hemagglutinin helps predict evolutionary fates of human H3N2 influenza variants

Significance A key goal in the study of influenza virus evolution is to forecast which viral strains will persist and which ones will die out. Here we experimentally measure the effects of all amino acid mutations to the hemagglutinin protein from a human H3N2 influenza strain on viral growth in cell culture. We show that these measurements have utility for distinguishing among viral strains that do and do not succeed in nature. Overall, our work suggests that new high-throughput experimental approaches may be useful for understanding virus evolution in nature. Human influenza virus rapidly accumulates mutations in its major surface protein hemagglutinin (HA). The evolutionary success of influenza virus lineages depends on how these mutations affect HA’s functionality and antigenicity. Here we experimentally measure the effects on viral growth in cell culture of all single amino acid mutations to the HA from a recent human H3N2 influenza virus strain. We show that mutations that are measured to be more favorable for viral growth are enriched in evolutionarily successful H3N2 viral lineages relative to mutations that are measured to be less favorable for viral growth. Therefore, despite the well-known caveats about cell-culture measurements of viral fitness, such measurements can still be informative for understanding evolution in nature. We also compare our measurements for H3 HA to similar data previously generated for a distantly related H1 HA and find substantial differences in which amino acids are preferred at many sites. For instance, the H3 HA has less disparity in mutational tolerance between the head and stalk domains than the H1 HA. Overall, our work suggests that experimental measurements of mutational effects can be leveraged to help understand the evolutionary fates of viral lineages in nature—but only when the measurements are made on a viral strain similar to the ones being studied in nature.
A Visual Analytics Approach for Station-Based Air Quality Data

With the deployment of multi-modality and large-scale sensor networks for monitoring air quality, we are now able to collect large and multi-dimensional spatio-temporal datasets. For these sensed data, we present a comprehensive visual analysis approach for air quality analysis. This approach integrates several visual methods, such as map-based views, calendar views, and trends views, to assist the analysis. Among those visual methods, map-based visual methods are used to display the locations of interest, and the calendar and the trends views are used to discover the linear and periodical patterns. The system also provides various interaction tools to combine the map-based visualization, trends view, calendar view and multi-dimensional view. In addition, we propose a self-adaptive calendar-based controller that can flexibly adapt the changes of data size and granularity in trends view. Such a visual analytics system would facilitate big-data analysis in real applications, especially for decision making support.
Structure, function, and mechanism of the core circadian clock in cyanobacteria

Circadian rhythms enable cells and organisms to coordinate their physiology with the cyclic environmental changes that come as a result of Earth's light/dark cycles. Cyanobacteria make use of a post-translational oscillator to maintain circadian rhythms, and this elegant system has become an important model for circadian timekeeping mechanisms. Composed of three proteins, the KaiABC system undergoes an oscillatory biochemical cycle that provides timing cues to achieve a 24-h molecular clock. Together with the input/output proteins SasA, CikA, and RpaA, these six gene products account for the timekeeping, entrainment, and output signaling functions in cyanobacterial circadian rhythms. This Minireview summarizes the current structural, functional and mechanistic insights into the cyanobacterial circadian clock.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF AUDITOR INDEPENDENCE IN ADJUSTMENTS TO ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THE RELEVANT EFFECT ON ACCRUALS BEFORE AND AFTER FINANCIAL RESTATEMENT

The present study analyzed annual adjustments from two voluntary and forced perspectives and the effect of annual adjustment on restated accruals. For this purpose, the difference in operating cash flow, firm size, financial leverage, return on assets and growth volatility were used as independent variables while accruals was used as the dependent variable. Such criteria as corporate governance and audit quality and characteristics of the firm were used as control variables. The required data was collected from sixty stock companies during 2007-2012 financial period. Data analysis showed that financial restatement resulting from the auditor proposal improved quality of accruals after a period of restatement compared to the period before restatement. The results also show that improving the quality of corporate governance increases quality of accruals in the companies with forced financial restatement.
Evaluating data convergence of collaborative editors in opportunistic networks

Opportunistic networks (ON) represent an upcoming platform where many mobile devices can communicate without the need of any global or sophisticated network infrastructure. An important advancement in today's technology is the ability to build in ad-hoc and opportunistic way the collaborating group size to disseminate and share data. Using simple communication patterns, these networks are currently a hot topic research area on how adapting and running collaborative applications. In this paper, we are interested in Collaborative Editors (CE) which allow many dispersed users to simultaneously manipulate the same shared data, such as textual or multimedia documents. More precisely, we present a series of experiments to deploy over ON an adapted optimistic replication algorithm based on operational transformation approach and used for supporting collaborative editing works. Due to data replication and the unpredictable arrival order of user updates, the preservation of data convergence is crucially required in CE. Accordingly, we evaluate the effectiveness of the most significant ON routing protocols, PRoPHET and Epidemic, to achieve convergence by observing the behavior of our testbed algorithm through simulations. Our preliminary results indicate that combining CE and ON is not without price. Indeed, the data convergence may be delayed according to the flow of exchanged updates and the size of the group of mobile users.
46 Visualization and Natural Control Systems for Microscopy

Russell M. Taylor II (1,2,3), David Borland (1), Frederick P. Brooks, Jr. (1), Mike Falvo (3), Martin Guthold (4), Tom Hudson (5), Kevin Jeffay (1), Gail Jones (6), David Marshburn (1), Stergios J. Papadakis (2), Lu-Chang Qin (2,3), Adam Seeger (1), F. Donalson Smith (1), Dianne Sonnenwald (7), Richard Superfine (2,3), Sean Washburn (3,2), Chris Weigle (1), Mary Whitton (1), Phillip Williams (8), Leandra Vicci (1), Warren Robinett (9).
Bearing Capacity of Footings and Piles—A Delusion?

The bearing capacity equation—“the triple N formula”—is now about 50 years old. It was developed from theory of plastic resistance of metal to a cone being pressed into the surface of the metal, superpositioned by resistance due to shear in an interparticulate medium (soil; note, we are not dealing with metallurgy), and tempered by work necessary to move the footing into the medium. The equation (and its coefficients) was “confirmed” by tests on small footings placed at or near the surface of the soil. The equation is a basic tenet of every geotechnical textbook, manual, and code. Over the years, innumerable variations of the N-coefficients and adjustments to the equation have been published.
Deciding XPath Containment with MSO Pierre Genevès and

XPath is the standard language for addressing parts of an XML document. We present a sound and complete decision procedure for containment of XPath queries. The considered XPath fragment covers most of the language features used in practice. Specifically, we show how XPath queries can be translated into equivalent formulas in monadic second-order logic. Using this translation, we construct an optimized logical formulation of the containment problem, which is decided using tree automata. When the containment relation does not hold between two XPath expressions, a counter-example XML tree is generated. We provide practical experiments that illustrate the efficiency of the decision procedure for realistic scenarios.
An artificialist theory of the firm: contours and perspectives

There is nothing new in applying the concept of artificiality to organizations; however, few researchers have followed Simon's suggestion, put forward in the early 1940s, that firms should be considered artifacts. The present article attempts to remedy this situation by outlining the contours of an artificialist theory of the firm. The design process is shown to be at the heart of the artificialist approach; therefore, the firm can no longer be represented purely in terms of choices between available alternatives. Highlighting the central role of design also leads theories of the firm to integrate the concept of creative rationality, alongside the idea of bounded rationality. As well as providing a positive vision of the firm, the artificialist approach discards the idea of natural evolution in favor of artificial evolution.
Wear-Resistant Hybrid Cache Architecture with Phase Change Memory

Phase-change Random Access Memory (PRAM) is one of the most promising technologies among emerging non-volatile memory technologies, which provides many benefits, such as high density, non-volatility and low leakage power. However, the limited write endurance of PRAM prevents it from being used as a drop-in replacement of SRAM cache. Moreover, the inherent high latency and power dissipation of write operations are both hindrances that PRAM faces. In this paper, we study the L2 cache write operations incurred by different types of data, and accordingly, propose Wear-Resistant Hybrid Cache Architecture (WRHCA), in which the write access behavior of the hybrid L2 cache, that is composed of SRAM and PRAM, is optimized. Through the prediction of data access patterns, the proposed WRHCA prevents write-prone data from entering PRAM L2 cache, and consequently, the wear-out issue of PRAM is alleviated efficiently. Experimental results on the basis of the trace-driven simulator demonstrate that, as compared to the baseline system with pure PRAM L2 cache, our optimized WRHCA saved 85.5% write operations to PRAM on average, and boosted the performance by the averaged 6.4% CPI reduction. Last but not least, as compared with the primitive 3-level SRAM cache with the same chip area, our WRHCA achieved 60.9% reduction in terms of power consumption.
University of Birmingham Development of microdialysis methodology for interstitial insulin measurement in rodents

Introduction Accurate assessment of muscle insulin sensitivity requires measurement of insulin concentration in interstitial fluid (ISF), but has proved difficult. We aimed to optimise measurement of ISF insulin concentrations in rat muscles in vivo using microdialysis. Methods Factorial experimental design experiments were performed in vitro to determine optimal conditions for insulin recovery with microdialysis probes. These conditions were tested in vivo, adjusted appropriately and used in lean and obese Zucker rats to compare ISF insulin concentrations basally and during hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic (HE) clamp. Results Optimal conditions in vivo were: a 100 kDa microdialysis probe inserted in muscle, perfused with 1% BSA, 1.5mM glucose in 0.9% sodium chloride at 1μl/min. Samples were collected into siliconised glass microvials. As a reference for insulin, we established a protocol of inulin infusion, beginning at -80min and reaching equilibrium within 60min. HE clamp, beginning at 0min, increased ISF insulin concentration from 122 ± 56 basally to 429 ± 180pmol/L ( P < 0.05) in lean rats and from 643 ± 165 to 1087 ± 243pmol/L ( P = 0.07) in obese rats; ISF insulin concentrations were significantly higher throughout in obese rats. The difference between ISF and plasma insulin concentration (ISF:plasma ratio) was substantially higher in obese rats, but fell to similar values in obese and lean rats during HE clamp. Discussion Optimising insulin recovery with microdialysis allowed accurate measurement of basal ISF insulin in muscle of lean and obese Zucker rats and indicates insulin transport across capillaries is impaired in obese rats, basally and during hyperinsulinaemia.
A gene-specific T2A-GAL4 library for Drosophila

We generated a library of ~1000 Drosophila stocks in which we inserted a construct in the intron of genes allowing expression of GAL4 under control of endogenous promoters while arresting transcription with a polyadenylation signal 3’ of the GAL4. This allows numerous applications. First, ~90% of insertions in essential genes cause a severe loss-of-function phenotype, an effective way to mutagenize genes. Interestingly, 12/14 chromosomes engineered through CRISPR do not carry second-site lethal mutations. Second, 26/36 (70%) of lethal insertions tested are rescued with a single UAS-cDNA construct. Third, loss-of-function phenotypes associated with many GAL4 insertions can be reverted by excision with UAS-flippase. Fourth, GAL4 driven UAS-GFP/RFP reports tissue and cell-type specificity of gene expression with high sensitivity. We report the expression of hundreds of genes not previously reported. Finally, inserted cassettes can be replaced with GFP or any DNA. These stocks comprise a powerful resource for assessing gene function.