Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metacognitive monitoring and the hypercorrection effect in autism and the general population: Relation to autism(-like) traits and mindreading

Among neurotypical adults, errors made with high confidence (i.e. errors a person strongly believed they would not make) are corrected more reliably than errors made with low confidence. This ‘hypercorrection effect’ is thought to result from enhanced attention to information that reflects a ‘metacognitive mismatch’ between one’s beliefs and reality. In Experiment 1, we employed a standard measure of this effect. Participants answered general knowledge questions and provided confidence judgements about how likely each answer was to be correct, after which feedback was given. Finally, participants were retested on all questions answered incorrectly during the initial phase. Mindreading ability and autism spectrum disorder–like traits were measured. We found that a representative sample of (n = 83) neurotypical participants made accurate confidence judgements (reflecting good metacognition) and showed the hypercorrection effect. Mindreading ability was associated with autism spectrum disorder–like traits and metacognition. However, the hypercorrection effect was non-significantly associated with mindreading or autism spectrum disorder–like traits. In Experiment 2, 11 children with autism spectrum disorder and 11 matched comparison participants completed the hypercorrection task. Although autism spectrum disorder children showed significantly diminished metacognitive ability, they showed an undiminished hypercorrection effect. The evidence in favour of an undiminished hypercorrection effect (null result) was moderate, according to Bayesian analysis (Bayes factor = 0.21).
Introducing of linear dependence measure into multipoint projection techniques for model order reduction

The new strategy of multipoint projection for model order reduction (MOR) is proposed that is directed to decrease redundancy of the reduced models. The developed MOR algorithm takes into account the mechanism of possible occurrence of redundancy at the stage of basis generation for projective matrix. The numerical procedure is based on estimation of maximal linear independence while subsequent selection of state vectors for basis generation. The compact low-order models are obtained by the developed adaptive procedure to determine frequency points for basic vectors under current error control. Some experimental results are presented.
Preparation and evaluation of a chitosan-coated antioxidant liposome containing vitamin C and folic acid

Abstract Vitamin C (VC) and folic acid (FA) are the important nutrient and antioxidant in human body. In order to improve their stability, their co-loaded liposomes (VCFA-Lip) and chitosan-coated liposomes (CS-VCFA-Lip) are prepared and characterised. The mean particle size of VCFA-Lip and CS-VCFA-Lip is 138 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The encapsulation efficiencies of both drugs for CS-VCFA-Lip are much higher than those for VCFA-Lip. Furthermore, the experimental results show that the antioxidant activity of CS-VCFA-Lip is higher than that of VCFA-Lip. Moreover, the storage stability study reveals that the chitosan coating can efficiently improve the physical stability of VCFA-Lip. These results indicate that stability of VC and FA can be greatly improved after being wrapped by liposomes. In addition, the performance of CS-VCFA-Lip is better than VCFA-Lip, indicating CS-VCFA-Lip can be applied as a promising delivery system for the antioxidant defence system to the food industry and cosmetic industry.
A unified material decomposition framework for quantitative dual‐ and triple‐energy CT imaging

Purpose Many clinical applications depend critically on the accurate differentiation and classification of different types of materials in patient anatomy. This work introduces a unified framework for accurate nonlinear material decomposition and applies it, for the first time, in the concept of triple‐energy CT (TECT) for enhanced material differentiation and classification as well as dual‐energy CT (DECT). Methods We express polychromatic projection into a linear combination of line integrals of material‐selective images. The material decomposition is then turned into a problem of minimizing the least‐squares difference between measured and estimated CT projections. The optimization problem is solved iteratively by updating the line integrals. The proposed technique is evaluated by using several numerical phantom measurements under different scanning protocols. The triple‐energy data acquisition is implemented at the scales of micro‐CT and clinical CT imaging with commercial “TwinBeam” dual‐source DECT configuration and a fast kV switching DECT configuration. Material decomposition and quantitative comparison with a photon counting detector and with the presence of a bow‐tie filter are also performed. Results The proposed method provides quantitative material‐ and energy‐selective images examining realistic configurations for both DECT and TECT measurements. Compared to the polychromatic kV CT images, virtual monochromatic images show superior image quality. For the mouse phantom, quantitative measurements show that the differences between gadodiamide and iodine concentrations obtained using TECT and idealized photon counting CT (PCCT) are smaller than 8 and 1 mg/mL, respectively. TECT outperforms DECT for multicontrast CT imaging and is robust with respect to spectrum estimation. For the thorax phantom, the differences between the concentrations of the contrast map and the corresponding true reference values are smaller than 7 mg/mL for all of the realistic configurations. Conclusions A unified framework for both DECT and TECT imaging has been established for the accurate extraction of material compositions using currently available commercial DECT configurations. The novel technique is promising to provide an urgently needed solution for several CT‐based diagnostic and therapy applications, especially for the diagnosis of cardiovascular and abdominal diseases where multicontrast imaging is involved.
Role of kinesiophobia on pain, disability and quality of life in people suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review

Objective (1) To explore the level of association between kinesiophobia and pain, disability and quality of life in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) detected via cross-sectional analysis and (2) to analyse the prognostic value of kinesiophobia on pain, disability and quality of life in this population detected via longitudinal analyses. Design A systematic review of the literature including an appraisal of the risk of bias using the adapted Newcastle Ottawa Scale. A synthesis of the evidence was carried out. Data sources An electronic search of PubMed, AMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubPsych and grey literature was undertaken from inception to July 2017. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Observational studies exploring the role of kinesiophobia (measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia) on pain, disability and quality of life in people with CMP. Results Sixty-three articles (mostly cross-sectional) (total sample=10 726) were included. We found strong evidence for an association between a greater degree of kinesiophobia and greater levels of pain intensity and disability and moderate evidence between a greater degree of kinesiophobia and higher levels of pain severity and low quality of life. A greater degree of kinesiophobia predicts the progression of disability overtime, with moderate evidence. A greater degree of kinesiophobia also predicts greater levels of pain severity and low levels of quality of life at 6 months, but with limited evidence. Kinesiophobia does not predict changes in pain intensity. Summary/conclusions The results of this review encourage clinicians to consider kinesiophobia in their preliminary assessment. More longitudinal studies are needed, as most of the included studies were cross-sectional in nature. Trial registration number CRD42016042641.
Transform-based compression for quadratic similarity queries

This paper considers the problem of compression for similarity queries [1] and discusses transform-based compression schemes. Here, the focus is on the tradeoff between the rate of the compressed data and the reliability of the answers to a given query. We consider compression schemes that do not allow false negatives when answering queries. Hence, classical compression techniques need to be modified. We propose transform-based compression schemes which decorrelate original data and regard each transform component as a distinct D-admissible system. Both compression and retrieval will be performed in the transform domain. The transform-based schemes show advantages in terms of encoding speed and the ability of handling high-dimensional correlated data. In particular, we discuss component-based and vector-based schemes. We use P{maybe}, a probability that is related to the occurrence of false positives to assess our scheme. Our experiments show that component-based schemes offer both good performance and low search complexity.
Training Sources 3 D Normalized Pose Space 2 D Normalized Pose Space KD-Tree Input Image 2 D Pose Estimation 3 D Pose Reconstruction Retrieved 3 D Nearest Neighbours Motion Capture Dataset Annotated 2

In this work we address the challenging problem of 3D human pose estimation from single images. Recent approaches learn deep neural networks to regress 3D pose directly from images. One major challenge for such methods, however, is the collection of training data. Specifically, collecting large amounts of training data containing unconstrained images annotated with accurate 3D poses is infeasible. We therefore propose to use two independent training sources. The first source consists of accurate 3D motion capture data, and the second source consists of unconstrained images with annotated 2D poses. To integrate both sources, we propose a dual-source approach that combines 2D pose estimation with efficient 3D pose retrieval. To this end, we first convert the motion capture data into a normalized 2D pose space, and separately learn a 2D pose estimation model from the image data. During inference, we estimate the 2D pose and efficiently retrieve the nearest 3D poses. We then jointly estimate a mapping from the 3D pose space to the image and reconstruct the 3D pose. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed method and experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, even when the skeleton structures of the two sources differ substantially.
Evaluation of the Mechanical Strength of Gerbera Flower Stem in Response to Silicon and Salicylic Acid Application

Stem and peduncle bending by the weight of the flower is one of the main postharvest problems in gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus.) and sometimes caused stem crushing or water loss. In this research, silicon and salicylic acid were applied to enhance the mechanical strength of inflorescence stem, and the results revealed that stem curving was decreased by silicon and salicylic acid treatments. Shear strength and lignin content were increased by SA treatments at both upper and lower parts of the stem. It seems that lignin content was associated with shear strength at upper part of stem. Additionally, silicon content of flower stem was significantly increased under silicon application and mechanical strength of the lower part of stem has correlation with silicon content in stem tissue. These results suggested that silicon and salicylic acid application could enhance the mechanical strength of inflorescence stem and improve the cut flower quality in gerbera.
Towards Streaming Media Traffic Monitoring and Analysis

Recently, a significant increase in streaming media traffic has occurred. This trend is fueled by a large number of Internet users, high bandwidth connections, and improved performance in PCs. It is important to monitor and analyze streaming media traffic. But most enterprises and ISPs cannot obtain exact information about streaming media traffic. Because the majority of streaming media applications use port numbers dynamically allocated, the existing method, which uses wellknown port numbers for identifying application of traffic, cannot precisely analyze streaming media traffic. To solve the problem, this paper presents a method and system design for monitoring and analyzing streaming media traffic over RTSP and MMS. Our approach analyzes streaming control messages and extracts information for transferring streaming media data. This information is applied to identifying streaming media traffic. With this approach, we can analyze streaming media traffic and provide information for understanding the behavior of networks and network planning.
MnFe2O4 and MnO2 nanoparticle-based high-temperature, air-stable, long-term antioxidation cermet solar selective absorbers

Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems need to complement the photovoltaic (PV) technology via energy storage to better integrate solar electricity in to power grids. The efficiency of CSP systems can improve with high optical absorption in the solar spectrum regime and low emittance in the infrared (IR) spectrum, thereby reaching higher operation temperatures for lower levelized cost of energy. High-temperature, air-stable solar selective absorbers made with cermet composite materials that have optimal properties of both ceramic and metal can be the solution to this goal; however, this achievement has been difficult due to metal oxidation at high temperatures. Current state-of-the-art product such as the Pyromark 2500 black paint has a significantly high solar absorbance (αsolar=97%) in the solar spectrum regime but also has a high thermal emittance loss (ε=88%) in the IR spectrum at 750 °C. [1] Here, we demonstrate outstanding optical responses of thermodynamically-stable, high-temperature, low-cost long-term antioxidation cermet solar selective absorber coatings with MnFe2O4 and MnO2 nanoparticles and silicone precursors as Si-rich matrices that undergo inter-diffusion reaction with Stainless Steel 310 (SS310). It has been shown that absorbers with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles have solar absorbance of ~92.5%, thermal emittance of 55%, and thermal efficiency of 88-89% posterior to annealing at 750°C for 700 hours in air, and those with MnO2 nanoparticles have solar absorbance of ~91.5%, thermal emittance of 52.5%, and thermal efficiency of 88% posterior to annealing at 750°C for 700 hours in air. We expect that the solar selective absorber coatings with such high thermal efficiencies and high-temperature stability in air will lead to a breakthrough in the market of CSP systems.
Feasibility and clinical outcomes of rotational atherectomy for heavily‐calcified side branches of complex coronary bifurcation lesions in the real‐world practice of the drug‐eluting stent era

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the outcomes of rotational atherectomy for heavily-calcified side branches of coronary bifurcation lesions. BACKGROUND Side-branch (SB) preservation is clinically important but technically challenging in heavily-calcified non-left main true bifurcation lesions. SB rotational atherectomy (SB RA) is sometimes mandatory but the clinical outcomes are not well studied. METHODS We retrospectively studied the outcomes of patients who underwent RA at our institute for heavily calcified, balloon-uncrossable or-undilatable SB lesions over an approximately 5-year period (January 2011 to September 2016). RESULTS Two hundred and forty-four patients underwent main vessel only RA (SB-MV + RA group) and another 48 patients underwent SB RA (SB + MV ± RA group) for 49 side branches. The demographic variables were comparable between the two groups. However, patients underwent SB RA experienced more SB perforations and greater acute contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). Among the SB RA patients, 30 (62.5%) underwent RA for both SB and MV (SB + MV + RA subgroup), whereas the other 18 underwent SB only RA (SB + MV-RA subgroup). Patients in these two subgroups could be completed with similar procedural, fluoroscopic durations, and contrast doses. The long-term MACE rate of SB RA was 27.1% over a mean follow-up period of 25.1 months with no differences between the two subgroups. CONCLUSIONS RA for SB preservation in complex and heavily-calcified bifurcation lesions was feasible with high success rate and quite favorable long-term outcomes in the drug-eluting stent (DES) era. Given the higher rates in SB perforation and acute CIN, we recommend that SB RA should be conducted by experienced operators.
A Fusion Framework for Camouflaged Moving Foreground Detection in the Wavelet Domain

Detecting camouflaged moving foreground objects has been known to be difficult due to the similarity between the foreground objects and the background. Conventional methods cannot distinguish the foreground from background due to the small differences between them and thus suffer from under-detection of the camouflaged foreground objects. In this paper, we present a fusion framework to address this problem in the wavelet domain. We first show that the small differences in the image domain can be highlighted in certain wavelet bands. Then the likelihood of each wavelet coefficient being foreground is estimated by formulating foreground and background models for each wavelet band. The proposed framework effectively aggregates the likelihoods from different wavelet bands based on the characteristics of the wavelet transform. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method significantly outperformed existing methods in detecting camouflaged foreground objects. Specifically, the average F-measure for the proposed algorithm was 0.87 compared with 0.71 to 0.8 for the other state-of-the-art methods.
Welfare state regimes, health and health inequalities in adolescence: a multilevel study in 32 countries.

Comparative research on health and health inequalities has recently started to establish a welfare regime perspective. The objective of this study was to determine whether different welfare regimes are associated with health and health inequalities among adolescents. Data were collected from the 'Health Behaviour in School-aged Children' study in 2006, including 11- to 15-year-old students from 32 countries (N = 141,091). Prevalence rates and multilevel logistic regression models were calculated for self-rated health (SRH) and health complaints. The results show that between 4 per cent and 7 per cent of the variation in both health outcomes is attributable to differences between countries. Compared to the Scandinavian regime, the Southern regime had lower odds ratios for SRH, while for health complaints the Southern and Eastern regime showed high odds ratios. The association between subjective health and welfare regime was largely unaffected by adjusting for individual socioeconomic position. After adjustment for the welfare regime typology, the country-level variations were reduced to 4.6 per cent for SRH and to 2.9 per cent for health complaints. Regarding cross-level interaction effects between welfare regimes and socioeconomic position, no clear regime-specific pattern was found. Consistent with research on adults this study shows that welfare regimes are important in explaining variations in adolescent health across countries.
Energy-Efficient SWIPT: From Fully Digital to Hybrid Analog–Digital Beamforming

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) enables the transmission of information symbols and energy simultaneously. In this paper, we study the multiple-input-multiple-output SWIPT systems with limited RF chains at the base station. We focus on the scenario where there is one information decoder with a target signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio and several separate energy-harvesting receivers with harvested energy thresholds. To motivate our energy-efficient hybrid analog–digital beamforming strategy, the fully digital power minimization problem is first analyzed, where we mathematically show that the optimal beamformer consists of only the information beamformer, and derive closed-form beamformers for a number of special cases. Based on this result, we further consider hybrid beamforming and propose an iterative scheme where the analog and digital beamformers are alternately updated. For the proposed scheme, in each iteration we design the analog beamformer by minimizing the difference between the fully digital beamformer and the hybrid beamformer. Based on our above-mentioned analysis for fully digital case, the optimal solution for the analog beamformer can be obtained via a geometrical interpretation. We further design the robust beamformers for the proposed schemes, when only imperfect channel state information is available. The numerical results show that the proposed iterative designs achieve a close-to-optimal performance with significant gains in the total power consumption over fully digital SWIPT.
Brugada syndrome and anesthesia Brugada sendromu ve anestezi

Brugada sendromu, yapısal kalp hastalığı bulunmayanlarda, elektrokardiyografide V1-3 derivasyonlarında sağ dal bloku ile spontan ya da indüklenmiş ST-segment elevasyonu ile karakterize, ani kardiyak ölüme yol açan genetik bir hastalıktır. Brugada sendromu bulunan hastalarda anestezi uygulamasına ilişkin sınırlı sayıda deneyim mevcut olduğu için, klinik uygulamaya yönelik henüz bir uzlaşı raporu bulunmamaktadır. Bu sistematik derlemede nadir görülen bu kalp hastalığında uygulanan anestezi teknikleri ve anesteziklerin etkileri ve güvenliliği irdelendi. Anah tar söz cük ler: Anestezi; anestezik ilaç; Brugada sendromu. Brugada syndrome is a genetic disease leading to sudden cardiac death, which is characterized by a spontaneous or induced ST-segment elevation with right bundle branch block in V1-3 leads in electrocardiography in those without any structural heart disease. As there is a limited number of experiences on anesthetizing patients with Brugada syndrome, no consensus report for clinical practice has been available yet. In this systematic review, we discussed the anesthesia techniques, and the effects and safety of anesthesia applied in this rarely seen heart disease.
Supervised retinal biometrics in different lighting conditions

Retinal image has been considered for number of health and biometrics applications. However, the reliability of these has not been investigated thoroughly. The variation observed in retina scans taken at different times is attributable to differences in illumination and positioning of the camera. It causes some missing bifurcations and crossovers from the retinal vessels. Exhaustive selection of optimal parameters is needed to construct the best similarity metrics equation to overcome the incomplete landmarks. In this paper, we extracted multiple features from the retina scans and employs supervised classification to overcome the shortcomings of the current techniques. The experimental results of 60 retina scans with different lightning conditions demonstrate the efficacy of this technique. The results were compared with the existing methods.