Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE ESTIMATIONS OF ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES AND COMORBIDITIES IN A COLOMBIAN SAMPLE

The aim of this article was to analyze the prevalence of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Colombian Paisa children and adolescents. A randomized sample of 4- to 17-year-old children and adolescents--176 males and 154 females--was selected from schools in Manizales, Colombia. The diagnosis of ADHD was obtained using a semistructured psychiatric and neurological interview, medical histories revision, and neurological or psychiatric evaluations. Several rating scales and a neuropsychological assessment were administered in order to confirm the diagnosis. Children with Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) between 71 and 84 were recorded as having Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF), and those with a history of mild motor retardation, and/or Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ) lower than 71, were recorded as having a Developmental Coordination disorder (DCD), after confirmation by neurological and neuropsychological examinations. BIF and DCD children were excluded from the ADHD group. Total prevalence of ADHD adjusted by sex was 16.4% (males 19.8% and females 12.3%). Prevalence of clean ADHD cases was 11.5%, distrib uted as follows: combined type, 6.4%; inattentive, 4.8%; and hyperactive-impulsive, 0.3%. Distribution by sex was as follows: males, 14.8%; and females, 7.7%; with an odds ratio of 2.1 (95% CI: 1 - 4.5, h 2 = 4.0, p <. 05). Clean prevalence of ADHD adjusted by equal sex distribution was 11.3%. Prevalence of BIF was 5.8%, DCD 3.0%, and mild mental retardation 3.9%. Prevalence of ADHD did not show differences by socioeconomic status (SES), in contrast to mild mental retardation in which BIF and DCD were significantly more frequent in the lower SES.
Analysis and design of CLL resonant multi-channel LED driver with balance capacitor

This paper presents a multi-channel light-emitting diode (LED) driver with CLL resonant converter. A CLL resonant converter is used in the primary side of the transformer to drive LEDs. On the secondary side of the transformer, current balance is realized with the balance capacitors, based on the charge balance principle. No additional magnetic components are used. With CLL resonant converter, zero voltage switching (ZVS) turning-on of the switches on the primary side and zero current switching (ZCS) turning-off of the diodes on the secondary side are simultaneously achieved. The voltage and current characteristics of the CLL resonant converter with balance capacitors are analyzed. Parameters of the elements in the circuit are designed. A prototype of 168W four-channel LED driver is built up. The experiment results prove that each LED has good performance of current balancing.
Addressing Human Subjectivity via Transfer Learning: An Application to Predicting Disease Outcome in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Predicting disease course is critical in chronic progressive diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). In our work we are applying machine learning methods to longitudinal records of MS patients to build a classifier that predicts whether a patient will have a significant increase in disability at the five year mark using information from the first two years of clinical visits. This prediction is key for choosing among the available treatments as some have more troubling side-effect profiles. Two challenges arise while learning with this data. First, patient data involves the physician’s (possibly subjective) evaluation. Because a patient’s data may come from one doctor on the first visit and different doctors on subsequent visits, it can be difficult to form an accurate predictor of disease outcome. In particular, some physicians may be biased in one direction, scoring each patient as more severe than would other physicians, while others may be biased in the opposite direction. Another challenge is that it is much easier to classify the cases with low future disability compared to cases with high future disability at early stages of the disease. This asymmetric property is due to the nature of the disease rather than class imbalance. In this paper we introduce a new transfer learning approach to handle these challenges. The algorithm builds a single SVM classifier for each doctor by dividing the entire dataset into primary (instances from the doctor) and auxiliary (instances from other doctors) sets. When applied to our dataset of MS patients our new approach is able to realize a significant increase in prediction performance over approaches that form a single SVM classifier for the entire dataset or for the physician’s dataset alone.
Petri-Net Controller Synthesis for Partially Controllable and Observable Discrete Event Systems

To enforce linear constraints on Petri nets that are partially controllable and observable, this work proposes an approach based on constraint transformation. First, a state-space equation of a Petri net control system based on event feedback is obtained by expressing a control action as a matrix, and the optimal control policy is designed. However, this policy needs to solve a nonlinear program on line. Second, pre-transition-gain-transformation is proposed to equivalently transform a constraint into a disjunction of new ones for an uncontrollable transition, and, similarly, post-transition-gain-transformation to transform a constraint into a disjunction of new ones for an unobservable transition. An algorithm is then given to transform a constraint into a disjunction of admissible ones, and, consequently, an efficient policy, which may not be optimal, can be designed. Third, in order to guarantee that the policy be both efficient and optimal, a dynamic linear constraint is introduced. Further, observing-transformation is proposed to simplify a dynamic constraint for an unobservable transition, and an algorithm is given to equivalently transform a class of linear constraints into admissible dynamic ones. As a result, an optimal controller requiring little online computation can be designed accordingly for some class of Petri nets. Finally, a maze system is used to illustrate the theoretical results.
Measuring Pre-kindergarten Teachers' Perceptions: Compliance With the High/Scope Program

Abstract The research study examined the relationship between pre-kindergarten teachers' age and years of experience with their perceptions and their actual compliance with the norms of the High/Scope Pre-kindergarten Program. Teachers' perceptions of satisfaction with the supervisory relationship were measured by the Early Childhood Job Satisfaction Survey-Supervisor Relations Subsection (Jorde-Bloom, 1986). Teachers' perceptions of compliance were measured by the Compliance With Supervisor Wishes Survey (Rahim, 1989). In addition to measuring teachers' perceptions, the High/Scope Program Quality Assessment (PQA) was used to measure actual compliance with the program norms (High/Scope Educational Research Foundation, 1998). The results of the Univariate Analysis of Variance indicated a nonsignificant relationship between age and experience with each perception variable—satisfaction, attitudinal compliance, and behavioral compliance. Multivariate Analysis of Variance found a nonsignificant difference between experience and actual compliance variables; however, a significant difference was shown between age and actual compliance variables, specifically age and learning environment. The younger teachers significantly outperformed the middle age teachers, based on the learning environment sub-section of the High/Scope Program Quality Assessment.
Interferon Antagonist NSs of La Crosse Virus Triggers a DNA Damage Response-like Degradation of Transcribing RNA Polymerase II*

La Crosse encephalitis virus (LACV) is a mosquito-borne member of the negative-strand RNA virus family Bunyaviridae. We have previously shown that the virulence factor NSs of LACV is an efficient inhibitor of the antiviral type I interferon system. A recombinant virus unable to express NSs (rLACVdelNSs) strongly induced interferon transcription, whereas the corresponding wt virus (rLACV) suppressed it. Here, we show that interferon induction by rLACVdelNSs mainly occurs through the signaling pathway leading from the pattern recognition receptor RIG-I to the transcription factor IRF-3. NSs expressed by rLACV, however, acts downstream of IRF-3 by specifically blocking RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. Further investigations revealed that NSs induces proteasomal degradation of the mammalian RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1. NSs thereby selectively targets RPB1 molecules of elongating RNA polymerase II complexes, the so-called IIo form. This phenotype has similarities to the cellular DNA damage response, and NSs was indeed found to transactivate the DNA damage response gene pak6. Moreover, NSs expressed by rLACV boosted serine 139 phosphorylation of histone H2A.X, one of the earliest cellular reactions to damaged DNA. However, other DNA damage response markers such as up-regulation and serine 15 phosphorylation of p53 or serine 1524 phosphorylation of BRCA1 were not triggered by LACV infection. Collectively, our data indicate that the strong suppression of interferon induction by LACV NSs is based on a shutdown of RNA polymerase II transcription and that NSs achieves this by exploiting parts of the cellular DNA damage response pathway to degrade IIo-borne RPB1 subunits.
An Integrated Transformer Balun for 60 GHz Silicon RF IC Design

A broadband monolithic transformer balun has been designed and fabricated at millimeter-wave frequencies. The balun is implemented on 0.13 um CMOS process and integrated with the 60 GHz mixer circuit. A measured amplitude and phase balance less than 3 dB and 5 degrees respectively over the 50-65 GHz frequency band was achieved. The designed device has advantages of small size, simple layout and wide operational frequency range.
Clinical outcome of tyrosine kinase inhibitors alone or combined with radiotherapy for brain metastases from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

This study compared treatment outcomes between TKI monotherapy and TKI administration combined with brain radiotherapy (TKI + RT) in 133 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis (BM). We also evaluated the association of different epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation subtypes with treatment outcome. To screen for potential variables affecting cranial progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), we performed univariate and multivariate analysis based on Cox proportional-hazards models. Median cranial PFS and OS were longer for the TKI + RT group (n = 67) than TKI alone group (n = 66). Intracranial metastasis correlated with a better median OS than extracranial metastasis. For patients with exon 21 mutations, TKI + RT yielded a better median OS and cranial PFS than TKI alone. However, there were no significant differences in median OS and cranial PFS between the two treatment groups for patients with exon 19 deletions. Thus EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with BM could benefit more from TKI + RT than from TKI monotherapy, especially when they suffer from exon 21 mutations. However, TKI + RT confers no advantage over TKI treatment alone for patients with exon 19 deletions. These results underscore the urgent need to develop individualized disease management strategies in clinical practice.
Neurogenic Effects of Low-Dose Whole-Body HZE (Fe) Ion and Gamma Irradiation

Understanding the dose-toxicity profile of radiation is critical when evaluating potential health risks associated with natural and man-made sources in our environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-dose whole-body high-energy charged (HZE) iron (Fe) ions and low-energy gamma exposure on proliferation and differentiation of adult-born neurons within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, cells deemed to play a critical role in memory regulation. To determine the dose-response characteristics of the brain to whole-body Fe-ion vs. gamma-radiation exposure, C57BL/6J mice were irradiated with 1 GeV/n Fe ions or a static 137Cs source (0.662 MeV) at doses ranging from 0 to 300 cGy. The neurogenesis was analyzed at 48 h and one month postirradiation. These experiments revealed that whole-body exposure to either Fe ions or gamma radiation leads to: 1. An acute decrease in cell division within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, detected at doses as low as 30 and 100 cGy for Fe ions and gamma radiation, respectively; and 2. A reduction in newly differentiated neurons (DCX immunoreactivity) at one month postirradiation, with significant decreases detected at doses as low as 100 cGy for both Fe ions and gamma rays. The data presented here contribute to our understanding of brain responses to whole-body Fe ions and gamma rays and may help inform health-risk evaluations related to systemic exposure during a medical or radiologic/nuclear event or as a result of prolonged space travel.
Amount Versus Number: Infants' Use of Area and Contour Length to Discriminate Small Sets

Previous research has reported that infants use amount rather than number to discriminate small sets (Clearfield & Mix, 1999). This study sought to replicate and extend this finding. Experiment 1 confirmed that infants respond to changes in contour length but not to changes in number when contour length is controlled. However, contour length and area were confounded in this experiment and the original study. To determine what specific measure of spatial extent infants use to discriminate small sets, Experiment 2 included 2 conditions that varied either area or contour length, but not both. As before, infants responded to the changes in spatial extent-either contour length alone or area alone-but not to the changes in number.
Analysis of online travel market segmentation based on behavioral intention factors with TALC model in Jakarta

The market of online travel, particularly online airline ticket, has potential to grow continuously in Indonesia. However, the pre-test results showed that the mainstream market has not had a strong behavioral intention to buy airline ticket online. This study aims to determine the factors that significantly affect consumer behavioral intention to buy airline ticket online and to know the consumer segmentation of online airline ticket according to Technology Adoption Life Cycle (TALC) model. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents in Jakarta and analysed using linear regression analysis, cluster analysis, and cross-tabulation. The results showed that there were 13 factors having significant effect on consumer behavioral intention to buy airline ticket online, and had acquired 4 segments in the market of online airline ticket named Explorer, Pacemaker, Partaker, and Pursuer based on the thirteen behavioral intention factors, ages, and daily internet usage.
Islam and Politics: A Fixed Relationship?

The terror attacks of September 11, 2001, set off an avalanche of publications aiming at an explanation for the current wave of religiously motivated Islamist political violence. Focusing on the paradigm of conflict between ‘Islam and the West,’ these often hastily written studies have contributed to extending further the already extensive literature on political Islam rather than to broadening our understanding of the contemporary wave of Islamic radicalism. This predominance of quantity over quality is largely due to the fact that neither the underlying concepts nor the posed questions have changed. In arguing two contradictory general concepts about ‘true Islam,’ either that it is principally compatible or intrinsically hostile to modern democratic culture, the whole debate has come to a full circle. An interesting point is the fact that not only many scholars of Oriental studies but also Islamist movements rely on a particular image of Islam in arguing the alleged incompatibility of Islam and democracy. Conceptually grounded in a substantial definition of religion, they share an image of Islamic culture as intrinsically different from the modern democratic culture of ‘the West’ based on the almost axiomatic assumption that in Islam religion and politics are inseparably joined. Moreover, they have conceptualized Islam as an ‘all-encompassing, determinant and unchanging’ system, a homogenous social and cultural entity that resists historical change. This ‘essentialist’ image of Islam has permeated the wider society and has become a building block of public knowledge about Islam in the Western and Muslim worlds alike. It is this mutual discourse of difference between Islam and the West that reinforces the ideologies of radical Islamists such as Osama bin Laden and the hypotheses of a clash of civilizations posed by some Western analysts. In starting from the observation that ‘Western Orientalists’ and ‘Islamic Fundamentalists’ both conceptualize Islam in an essentialist way, this article will question the allegedly fixed relationship between Islam and politics. More precisely, it will scrutinize arguments related to four points of reference—the community of Medina, the revealed sources, Islamic history, and Islamic
Computation offloading considering fronthaul and backhaul in small-cell networks integrated with MEC

Mobile edge computing (MEC) provides a promising way to bring enhanced computing capabilities in proximity to user equipments (UEs). Various previous works have been done and they usually focus on how to segment the computation intensive task and how to offload the task to edge of the network with plenty of computation capacity. However, few of them consider integrating MEC with small cell networks (SCNs) which is regarded as the key technology in future 5G networks. In this paper, we study the computation offloading scheme in a multiuser and multi-SC scenario with MEC. We firstly formulate an energy efficient computation offloading problem, which aims to optimize the offloading energy for the tasks while constraining the latency lower than a threshold. In view of the characteristics of SCNs, the fronthaul and backhual links are also taken into account when calculating the task energy and latency. Secondly, we apply artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) to solve the proposed problem in a high efficiency. To guarantee the global optimization, strong robustness and fast convergence of AFSA, fish swarm's three important behaviors such as prey behavior, swarm behavior and following behavior are utilized in our algorithm design. Finally, the simulation has been done and show the superiority of our scheme.
Rethinking How to Measure Organizational Culture in the Hospital Setting

Like all organizations, health care delivery systems must be concerned with understanding the implicit beliefs, values, and assumptions extant within the organization that ubiquitously motivate and shape the behavior of participating members. The Hospital Culture Scale (HCS) was designed as a way to assess the unique culture of hospital organizations. The HCS demonstrated high discriminant validity and reliability when applied to all members (patients, nurses, and physicians) of this particular organization. Data provided from different hospital organizations indicated that the HCS could differentiate between a variety of hospitals. Physicians, nurses, and patients were also compared. Although there was agreement between nurses and patients on how scale items are used, there were disagreements when these organizational members were compared to physicians. Differences between hospital members on the overall perception of hospital culture were found. The implications and utility of the HCS are discussed.
Local circuit neurons of macaque monkey striate cortex: I. Neurons of laminae 4C and 5A

A study has been made, using Golgi preparations, of the organization of neurons with smooth or sparsely spined dendrites, here called local circuit neurons, of the macaque monkey primary visual cortex. Since these neurons include those responsible for inhibitory circuitry of the cortex, a better understanding of their anatomical organization is essential to concepts of functional organization of the region. This account describes those neurons found with cell body and major dendritic spread within the thalamic recipient zone of lamina 4C and its border zone with lamina 5A. The neurons are grouped firstly in terms of in which laminar division the soma occurred– 4CβbT, 4CβaL or the border zone of 5A‐4CβbT–and secondly, into varieties on the basis of the interlaminar projection patterns of their axons. Most, if not all, of the local circuit neurons of these divisions have interlaminar axon projections as well as an arbor local to their cell body and dendritic field. These interlaminar projections are highly specific, targeting from one to five laminar divisions depending on the variety of neuron; on this basis 17 varieties of local circuit neuron are described. While the number of varieties appears dauntingly large in terms of understanding the functional circuitry of the region, the clear‐cut organization of the interlaminar links may provide clues as to the information processing that concerns each neuron. The local circuit neuron axon projections can be related to a wealth of information already available concerning the laminar organization of afferent axons and efferent cell groups, the organization of spiny neuron intrinsic relays (presumed to be excitatory), and physiological properties of different laminar divisions. It is hoped that the information derived from this study can serve as a guide for correlated physiological‐anatomical studies on single cells of the region.
Retexturing in the Presence of Complex Illumination and Occlusions

We present a nonrigid registration technique that achieves spatial, photometric, and visibility accuracy. It lets us photo-realistically augment 3D deformable surfaces under complex illumination conditions and in spite of severe occlusions. There are many approaches that address some of these issues but very few that simultaneously handle all of them as we do. We use triangulated meshes to model the geometry and introduce explicit visibility maps as well as separate illumination parameters for each mesh vertex. We cast our registration problem in an expectation maximization framework that allows robust and fully automated operation. It provides explicit illumination and occlusion models that can be used for rendering purposes.
Automated measurement of fetal Isovolumic Contraction Time from Doppler Ultrasound Signals without using Fetal Electrocardiography

Isovolumic Contraction Time (ICT) is the interval from mitral closing to aorta opening. Fetal ICT can be noninvasively measured from Doppler Ultrasound (DUS) signal. Automated identification of opening and closing of mitral and aortic valves from DUS signal was proposed in recent studies. Fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) has a crucial role as a reference in automated methods by identifying the onset of each cardiac cycle. However simultaneous recording of abdominal ECG and DUS and separation of fECG from the noisy mixture of ECG complicate this technique. In this study the automated identification of valve motion events without using fECG was investigated. The DUS signal was decomposed by Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) to high and low frequency components linked to valve and wall motion, respectively. The peaks of the latter were used for segmentation of the high frequency component as a substitute for fECG. The mitral and aortic valve motion was then automatically identified by hybrid Support Vector Machine (SVM)-Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Results show a significant positive linear correlation between average ICT obtained with and without using fECG (r=0.90, p<;0.0001) with the mean absolute difference of 1.4 msec.