Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Informing the structure of subjective well-being through examining changes in life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect

ii Acknowledgments. iv List of Tables. xi List of Figures. xii List of Appendices. xiv General Introduction. 1 Subjective Well-Being: Life Satisfaction, Positive Affect, and Negative Affect. 1 Subjective Well-Being as Cause and Effect. 6 SWB as outcome. 6 Personality. 7 Set-points. 8 Social relationships. 9 Goal strivings. 10 Health and SES. 10 SWB as cause. 11 Structural Models of Subjective Well-Being. 16 Model 1: Three separate components. 16 Model 2: Hierarchical structure. 17 Model 3: Causal system. 17 Model 4: Composite. 18 Model 5: Configuration of components. 19 Implications. 20
Damping of SSR Using Subsynchronous Current Suppressor With SSSC

Hybrid series compensation using static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and passive series capacitor can improve the stability of the system, increases the power transfer capability and is useful for the fast control of power flow. This paper analyzes the subsynchronous resonance (SSR) characteristics of the hybrid series compensated power system in detail and proposes a simple method for the extraction of subsynchronous components of line current using filter. The extracted subsynchronous frequency component of line current is used to inject a proportional subsynchronous voltage in series with the transmission line which suppresses subsynchronous current in the transmission network. This novel technique is termed as subsynchronous current suppressor. The design of subsynchronous current suppressor is based on damping torque analysis and using genetic algorithm. A novel graphical representation of series resonance condition when SSSC is incorporated in the system is presented. The detailed study of SSR is carried out based on eigenvalue analysis, transient simulation and damping torque analysis. The results of the case study on a system adapted from IEEE First Benchmark Model demonstrates the effectiveness and robust performance of subsynchronous current suppressor in damping of SSR under various system operating conditions.
Optimising the design of intervention studies: should we test whether people require treatment or which intervention has the best outcome?

Given the low ranking of the hundreds of published single-case treatment studies in the evidence-based practice clinical research, any attempt to enhance the validity of the empirical approaches to singleand multiple-case studies is highly appreciated. In their target paper, Howard, Best and Nickels (2014, referred to as HBN) seek this aim by discussing advantages and downsides of the main methodological approaches and by offering concrete suggestions on how studies should be designed and how the data should be analysed. They do so by contrasting two main experimental designs used in neuropsychological rehabilitation. They recommend designs favouring large sets of items rather than multiplying baselines and application of appropriate statistics. I subscribe to most of the claims made by HBN but believe that both experimental designs and statistical analysis of singleand multiple-case studies may be pushed further to get closer to the standards of experimental designs used in randomised controlled trials. In the following I will identify some limitations of the proposed approaches regarding the kind of questions addressed with single-case designs and the choice of statistical tests and sketch out possible paths to move forward.
An analytical and comparative study of software usability quality factors

The demand of quality software is increasing day by day. In the recent economic world, software is used for fast business and quality software is also necessary for satisfying the customer demands. So for assuring and improving quality, it is necessary to ensure quality attributes such as usability, efficiency, learnability and many more. Among of them, usability is the key quality attribute of any kind of software. With the same time, evaluation of usability is also necessary for improving the quality of the software. There have many quality models emphasized usability as a major quality attribute. Last few years researchers have developed many quality models described usability as a sub quality factor. Now it is time to develop a usability model that will contain major quality attributes of the current complex business software. In this paper, we have analyzed ten famous quality models for developing a usability model which satisfy the demand of current business software. We also have showed the analytical comparison among the famous ten quality models for usability factor. At last, we have proposed an integrated improved usability model for assuring software quality.
Single Cell MicroRNA Analysis Using Microfluidic Flow Cytometry

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that have cell type and cell context-dependent expression and function. To study miRNAs at single-cell resolution, we have developed a novel microfluidic approach, where flow fluorescent in situ hybridization (flow-FISH) using locked-nucleic acid probes is combined with rolling circle amplification to detect the presence and localization of miRNA. Furthermore, our flow cytometry approach allows analysis of gene-products potentially targeted by miRNA together with the miRNA in the same cells. We demonstrate simultaneous measurement of miR155 and CD69 in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (PMA) and Ionomycin stimulated Jurkat cells. The flow-FISH method can be completed in ∼10 h, utilizes only 170 nL of reagent per experimental condition, and is the first to directly detect miRNA in single cells using flow cytometry.
A Two-Wave Study of Self-Monitoring Personality, Social Network Churn, and In-Degree Centrality in Close Friendship and General Socializing Networks

We examine the role of self-monitoring personality in shaping network change in two important types of social relationships. In a two-wave social network study, we find that individuals with higher levels of self-monitoring derive persistent personality-linked in-degree centrality benefits in the general socializing network but have fading benefits over time in the close friendship network. Simultaneous examination of the formation and dissolution of relationships over time (network churn) reveals that this pattern of network change is shaped by differential reactions of relationship partners to individuals based upon level of self-monitoring in the two network types. Overall, by incorporating the dynamic reactions of relationship partners, the findings contribute to the understanding of the complex relationship between personality and social network development.
A Multivariate Test Battery for Predicting Vigilance

It has proved difficult to predict individual differences in vigilance from standard psychometric tests. We report a study that explored the utility of a multivariate battery in predicting vigilance on a task requiring monitoring of a tactical display. A two-phase design was employed. Participants performed a short vigilance task (SVT) prior to the longer criterion monitoring task. We investigated the predictive ability of cognitive ability, personality, performance on the SVT, and stress responses to the SVT. Four versions of the criterion task were used, to test generalization of predictive validity. Key predictors of vigilance were found to include ability, SVT performance, and subjective task engagement and coping. Multiple regression analyses suggested that together these predictors explained about 30% of the variance in vigilance (with some differences for prediction of different task versions). Results are discussed in relation to the resource theory of vigilance, and the practical issues arising from selecting vigilant operators.
A robust SLAM system with compact map

In this paper, we present an approach to simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for RGB-D cameras like the Microsoft Kinectv2 that is capable of reconstructing volumetric 3D map without the aid of a graphics processing unit (GPU). For many robots, including flying robots and ground mobile robots, most of them build 3D maps, such as sparse or dense point cloud. However, these maps can not give any effective informations for navigation. Especially, these maps do not work when ground mobile robot needs performing a specific task with considering its height and width. We adopt the volumetric 3D map instead of point cloud to represent environment explored. Besides, we evaluate location accuracy, robustness and map compactness for the system on public dataset and private data. The experiments demonstrate that our system has higher location accuracy, better robustness and can save storage space.
A FINE‐SCALE SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE MOSAIC HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN GRYLLUS FIRMUS AND GRYLLUS PENNSYLVANICUS

Abstract. — The pattern of character variation within a hybrid zone, the hybrid zone structure, has been used to infer the processes that maintain hybrid zones. Unfortunately it is difficult to infer process from structure alone because many different processes can produce the same pattern of character variation. Mosaic hybrid zones may be maintained by exogenous selection in a heterogeneous environment and/or endogenous selection against hybrid individuals; habitat preference, premating isolating barriers and/or fertility selection can also contribute. The spatial scale at which a hybrid zone is sampled affects its apparent structure; a hybrid zone may appear clinal at one scale and mosaic at another. Here, we sample the mosaic hybrid zone between two field crickets, Gryllus firmus and G. pennsylvanicus, at a scale that spans the boundaries between individual soil‐habitat patches. From our analysis, we find that at fine scales, the mosaic hybrid zone resolves into a set of steep clines across patch boundaries. Both morphological and molecular traits exhibit sharp and generally concordant clines. However, clines for mitochondrial DNA and one anonymous nuclear marker are clearly displaced as a result of current hybridization or past introgression (the “ghost of hybridization past”). Thus, scale is important for the structure of this and probably other hybrid zones. The extremely sharp, concordant clines across patch boundaries indicate that the cricket hybrid zone is undoubtedly structured by selection. However, the detailed mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of the hybrid zone–whether endogenous selection against hybrids, exogenous selection by the environment, and/or behavioral preferences for mates or habitats– remain to be elucidated. Determining these mechanisms will depend on closer inspection of the organisms themselves and their interactions, as is the case for all hybrid zones.
Chemical characteristics of endotoxin from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343.

SUMMARY: Phenol-water extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 did not contain heptose or 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate. The sugar components identified were glucosamine, galactosamine, glucose, galactose, fucose, rhamnose and traces of mannose. An unidentified amino compound was found. The preparations were free of nucleic acids and protein constituted only a minor fraction of the LPS. The LPS preparations had endotoxic effect when tested in rabbits, but the endotoxic potency was low.
Swedish Publications in a Global World

This paper is about the problems of publishing in a global academic world. The Swedish monograph is slowly in decline in Sweden. The international peer-reviewed article is taking its place. Yet just as the monograph has had problems, this newer trend has multiple new quandaries. Instead of being read by a larger international audience, some articles tend to stay unread when neither the national nor the international public can find the results. Social scientists and humanities lack a specific venue or scene where results can be discussed by both experts and the public, such as Science or Nature. This is a problem since the public miss out on important, often tax-funded, knowledge, but also because academics miss out on having an audience and the impact that comes from meeting with the public. Secondly many journals are so specialised that they influence not only the public’s understanding of research and their view on research but also the research and the researchers. Furthermore academics lack both the time to read all relevant articles and to write longer and more complex works, which would be beneficial to both the public and scholars as well. Therefore the race to get published, i.e. achieve excellence and have more impact, tends to affect the research. Researcher may even choose their subjects and how they write about them in order to get published rather than focusing on interesting questions. Naturally possible solutions have been discussed, such as open access books and more stringent demands on the impact of the research and relevance to the public. However there are still no absolute answers.
Comparison of synchronization algorithms for OFDM-based Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) has been applied in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) due to its ability to counteract the frequency-selective fading and its high spectral efficiency. For instance, OFDM-based IEEE802.11 802.11p has been standardized for VANET. In OFDM-based VANET, synchronization of the carrier frequency at the receiver must be performed accurately to avoid performance degradation. This paper compares the effectiveness of three synchronization algorithms to estimate the carrier frequency offset (CFO) of OFDM signals in VANET. The simulation is conducted using the parameters of IEEE 802.11p and performed under several channel models including Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel, Rayleigh channel, and COST 207 channel models.
Validity in action research : a discussion on theoretical and practice issues encountered whilst using observation to collect data

Waterman (1998) believes there is a paucity of literature on issues of reliability and validity speci®c to action research methodology. Altrichter et al. (1993) argue that judging reliability in action research can only be carried out on a restricted basis as a result of the unique nature of any individual project. Consequently, authors have tended to focus on examining validity. McNiff (1994) claims that validity in action research is not about methodology, but is concerned with personal and interpersonal issues. McNiff (1994) does not want to reject methodological theory. Instead, she feels insights acquired in solving issues of validity help inform action research methodology. This view is supported by Clark (2000), believing action researchers need to present an analysis of decisions made during the conduct of the study to facilitate judgement of validity. Waterman (1998) describes this aspect of validity as
An Ensemble-Based Training Data Refinement for Automatic Crop Discrimination Using WorldView-2 Imagery

This paper presents a new approach for refining and selecting training data for satellite imagery-based crop discrimination. The goal of this approach is to automate the pixel-based “multievidence crop classification approach,” proposed by the authors in their previous research. The present study is used to feed this classification approach with automatically selected training samples based on available vector data (agricultural parcels representing crop boundaries with crop codes). The vector data are created by farmers to support subsidy claims and are, therefore, prone to errors such as boundary digitization mismatch and mislabeling of crop codes. The proposed approach, ensemble-based cluster refinement approach (ECRA), refines the declared crop clusters in an iterative training-classification scheme and provides potential training samples that give correct class descriptions. ECRA operates based on two assumptions: 1) mislabels in each class will be far from their cluster centroid and 2) each crop class based on the available vector data has more correctly labeled samples than mislabeled samples. Three datasets, derived from bitemporal WorldView-2 multispectral imagery, are used in an ensemble framework to iteratively refine the samples from crop clusters declared by the farmers: spectral, texture, and vegetation indices. Once the refinement of clusters is complete, final training samples are identified. They are used for learning and the satellite imagery is classified using the multievidence classification approach. The study is implemented with WorldView-2 imagery acquired for a study area in Denmark containing 15 crop classes. The multievidence classification approach with ECRA-based refinement is compared with the classification based on common training sample selection methods (manual and random). It is also compared with the winner-takes-all-based classification approach. ECRA achieves an overall classification accuracy of 92.8%, which is higher than existing common approaches.
First Description of the Nymph and Larva of Dermacentor raskemensis (Acari: Ixodidae), Parasites of Pikas and Other Small Mammals in Central Asia

ABSTRACT Dermacentor raskemensis Pomerantzev, 1946 is one of the rare Asian species in this genus. The immature stages of this species have never been described. Reexamination of D. raskemensis holdings stored in the United States National Tick Collection revealed a collection lot containing reared nymphs and larvae of this species. This collection made it possible for us to find numerous nymphs and larvae of D. raskemensis among previously unidentified material collected in the field. Both immature stages of D. raskemensis are described here for the first time. Nymphs of D. raskemensis can be distinguished from those of other Dermacentor species in the region by small spiracular plate, relatively short and obtuse lateral projections of basis capituli dorsally, relatively short spurs on coxa I and the internal spur is characteristically very broadly rounded at its apex, and very small spur on coxa IV, whereas larvae of D. raskemensis can be distinguished from other Dermacentor by relatively short and obtuse lateral projections of basis capituli, ≈6 denticles in the median files on hypostome, and relatively short, broad, and rounded spur on coxa I. The nymphs and larvae of D. raskemensis studied originate from Afghanistan, India, Iran, and Pakistan, where they were collected from pikas and other small mammals.
What to Do When Your Hessian is Not Invertible

What should a researcher do when statistical analysis software terminates before completion with a message that the Hessian is not invertible? The standard textbook advice is to respecify the model, but this is another way of saying that the researcher should change the question being asked. Obviously, however, computer programs should not be in the business of deciding what questions are worthy of study. Although noninvertable Hessians are sometimes signals of poorly posed questions, nonsensical models, or inappropriate estimators, they also frequently occur when information about the quantities of interest exists in the data through the likelihood function. The authors explain the problem in some detail and lay out two preliminary proposals for ways of dealing with noninvertable Hessians without changing the question asked.
Automatic Image Annotation and Retrieval Using the Joint Composite Descriptor

Capable tools are needed in order to successfully search and retrieve a suitable image from large image collections. Many content-based image retrieval systems employ low-level image features such as color, texture and shape in order to locate the image. Although the above approaches are successful, they lack the ability to include human perception in the query for retrieval because the query must be an image. In this paper a new image annotation technique and a keyword-based image retrieval system are presented, which map the low-level features of the Joint Composite Descriptor to the high-level features constituted by a set of keywords. One set consists of colors-keywords and the other set consists of words. Experiments were performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Ground penetrating radar related problems and their possible solutions

Detection of unexploded ordinance (UXO) and Landmines is a priority task even after the wars have been over. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) proved to be an effective technology for applications like the buried object detection. It is suitable not only for the metallic objects, but it can also detect wood and plastic object. Despite of its many advantages, detection becomes difficult due to major limitations of GPR. Problems related to GPR like low resolution, antenna gain effect, clutter and possible solutions, use of windowed average subtraction and B-scan subtraction are discussed. A novel algorithm for reduction of air to ground noise also known as ground bounce is proposed. Using these techniques, strong hyperbolic signatures can be extracted, which will be ultimately helpful in deriving prominent features for detection.
Moral Crumple Zones: Cautionary Tales in Human-Robot Interaction

As debates about the policy and ethical implications of AI systems grow, it will be increasingly important to accurately locate who is responsible when agency is distributed in a system and control over an action is mediated through time and space. Analyzing several high-profile accidents involving complex and automated socio-technical systems and the media coverage that surrounded them, I introduce the concept of a moral crumple zone to describe how responsibility for an action may be misattributed to a human actor who had limited control over the behavior of an automated or autonomous system. Just as the crumple zone in a car is designed to absorb the force of impact in a crash, the human in a highly complex and automated system may become simply a component—accidentally or intentionally—that bears the brunt of the moral and legal responsibilities when the overall system malfunctions. While the crumple zone in a car is meant to protect the human driver, the moral crumple zone protects the integrity of the technological system, at the expense of the nearest human operator. The concept is both a challenge to and an opportunity for the design and regulation of human-robot systems. At stake in articulating moral crumple zones is not only the misattribution of responsibility but also the ways in which new forms of consumer and worker harm may develop in new complex, automated, or purported autonomous technologies.
Sentinel Node Detection in Malignant Melanoma Patients: Radiation Safety Considerations

BACKGROUND The surgical management of malignant melanoma necessitates correct sentinel lymph node localization. The highest reported sensitivities are those of lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative γ-probe detection combined with a vital blue dye technique. OBJECTIVE Control of the radiation doses experienced by surgical personnel untrained in the use of unsealed radioactive materials. METHODS Sentinel lymph nodes were localized, and biopsies were performed in 25 patients with malignant melanoma. Radiation doses during surgery were determined with energy-compensated silicon pin diode detectors and LiF thermoluminescent ring dosimeters. RESULTS In 21 cases (24%), the measured doses were less than 1 μSv, but in 4 operations (16%), 1 to 4.5 μSv was received. The equivalent dose rate was generally less than 1 μSv/h. The finger-absorbed doses for the surgeon and the assistant surgeon were (mean ± SD) 159 ± 23 and 48 ± 17 μGy per intervention, respectively. CONCLUSION Personal dosimetric survey and limitation of the number of surgical interventions do not appear to be essential.
Joint multi-user precoding in multi-relay systems

Multi-user precoding in multi-relay systems is investigated in this paper. Firstly, a distributed precoder through the relay nodes is presented, which performs as a sub-optimum solution in terms of both the outage probability and ergodic capacity. Then, a multi-user precoder at the source node is jointly designed, where is used to enhance the maximum signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio of each data stream.