Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Support vector machines for anti-pattern detection

Developers may introduce anti-patterns in their software systems because of time pressure, lack of understanding, communication, and--or skills. Anti-patterns impede development and maintenance activities by making the source code more difficult to understand. Detecting anti-patterns in a whole software system may be infeasible because of the required parsing time and of the subsequent needed manual validation. Detecting anti-patterns on subsets of a system could reduce costs, effort, and resources. Researchers have proposed approaches to detect occurrences of anti-patterns but these approaches have currently some limitations: they require extensive knowledge of anti-patterns, they have limited precision and recall, and they cannot be applied on subsets of systems. To overcome these limitations, we introduce SVMDetect, a novel approach to detect anti-patterns, based on a machine learning technique---support vector machines. Indeed, through an empirical study involving three subject systems and four anti-patterns, we showed that the accuracy of SVMDetect is greater than of DETEX when detecting anti-patterns occurrences on a set of classes. Concerning, the whole system, SVMDetect is able to find more anti-patterns occurrences than DETEX.
The Effect of Store Satisfaction about Fashion Store and Alternative Store Attraction on Switching Barrier Perception -Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Variety Seeking Orientation-

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of store satisfaction about fashion store and alternative store attraction on switching barrier perception and the moderating effect of variety seeking orientation. The questionnaire was administered to 450 women shopped in a department store in Gwan-ju during September, 12-26,2002. Data collected from 384 women were analyzed by using frequency, factor analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA and t-test by SPSS for WIN program. The result were as follows. First, the store satisfaction significantly influenced switching barrier perception. Second, the alternative store attraction significantly influenced switching barrier perception. Third, interaction effect between store satisfaction and variety seeking orientation was found out to be meaningful at switching barrier perception. Fourth, interaction effect between alternative store attraction and variety seeking orientation was found out to be meaningful at switching barrier perception.
Emotional Communication between Mothers and Preschoolers: Relations with Emotional Competence.

This study was carried out to investigate natural, bi-directional, emotional communication between mothers and preschoolers. Preschoolers (22 girls and 25 boys, mean age = 44 months) and their mothers were videotaped playing in a laboratory playroom; mothers simulated sadness and anger. Interrelations were found among aspects of mothers' and children's dyadic emotional communication, and such communication was associated with variations in the children's emotional development. In particular, children who witnessed higher-level maternal sadness or anger, or responded nonprosocially to their mothers, were less prosocial in the preschool classroom
Bilateral International Inductance Comparison Using Traveling Standards in Thermoregulated Enclosures

Standards with toroidal windings are traditionally used for international comparisons of inductance. The achieved uncertainties of the comparisons are dominated by the rather high temperature coefficient of the traveling standards. Hence, thermoregulated enclosures were developed at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) a few years ago. These have now been refined and their suitability for the transportation of standards has been proven in a bilateral comparison between PTB and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. The agreement was excellent, while the overall uncertainty of the comparison varied from 14 to 62<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/H in the frequency range 100 Hz–2kHz.
Raman amplification of optical pulses in silicon waveguides: effects of finite gain bandwidth, pulse width, and chirp

We present a theoretical model capable of describing the evolution of pulse parameters when stimulated Raman scattering under continuous-wave pumping is employed for amplifying them inside a silicon waveguide. In our approach, pulse evolution is described analytically by a set of coupled equations derived using a variational formalism. Optical losses resulting from linear absorption or scattering, two-photon absorption, and free-carrier absorption are included by introducing the Rayleigh dissipation function. The influence of gain dispersion originated from a relatively narrow Raman-gain bandwidth is also considered. The role of initial pulse width and chirp is studied extensively because of its practical applications. To ensure the validity of the variational technique, all analytical results are compared with the numerical data obtained with the split-step Fourier algorithm.
Quantitative and ultrastructural studies of excimer laser ablation of the cornea at 193 and 248 nanometers

Excimer laser radiation at 193 nm and 248 nm was used to create linear etch perforations of enucleated calf corneas. The etch depth per pulse was determined for various exposures, and specimens were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Compared to 248 nm, excimer laser ablation at 193 nm was found to have a lower threshold for onset of ablation, less increase in etch depth per pulse at increasing fluences, and less structural alteration in adjacent cornea. For 193 nm, structural alterations were minimal, confined to an area less than 0.3 μm wide, and did not increase with increasing fluence. These studies suggest that clinical strategies for excimer laser refractive surgery will employ the 193‐nm wavelength, with fluence chosen depending on surgical strategy. Ablation exposures above 600 mJ/cm2 at 193 nm may give the most repeatable etch depth.
The Role of LP Duality in Computational Mechanism Design

An important fundamental problem in e-commerce is to design a mechanism that computes optimal system-wide solutions despite the self-interest of individual users (buyers, sellers, brokers, etc.) and computational agents (buying agents, selling agents, etc.). This class of problems, formally called computational mechanism design problems, are similar in nature to the economic mechanism design problems arising in economics and game theory. Classic game-theoretic solutions for these problems are often prohibitively expensive computationally. For example, the Generalized Vickrey Auction (GVA) is a classical mechanism to solve the Combinatorial Allocation Problem (CAP). Despite its rich game theoretic properties, the GVA mechanism is impractical from a computational point of view as it presents a number of computational challenges starting from the NP-hard winner determination problem through hard valuation problem of the agents, to prohibitively high communication costs. A plethora of proposals has emerged in recent times to address these problems. One of the popular approaches proposed is based on using the primal-dual algorithm for solving the mechanism design problem. The objective of this paper is two fold. First, we bring out the challenges and difficulties in adopting the classical game-theoretic solutions to computational mechanism design problems. Next we show that LP duality can play a useful role in computational mechanism design. We discuss a representative algorithm based on duality, ”COMBAUCTION” for solving the combinatorial allocation problem.
Reservoir Computing with Stochastic Bitstream Neurons

Reservoir Computing (RC) [6], [5], [9] is a computational framework with powerful properties and several interesting advantages compared to conventional techniques for pattern recognition. It consists essentially of two parts: a recurrently connected network of simple interacting nodes (the reservoir), and a readout function that observes the reservoir and computes the actual output of the system. The choice of the nodes that form the reservoir is very broad: spiking neurons [6], threshold logic gates [7] and sigmoidal neurons [5], [9] have been used. For this article, we will use analogue neurons to build an RC-system on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which is a chip that can be reconfigured. A traditional neuron calculates a weighted sum of its inputs, which is then fed through a non-linearity (like a threshold or sigmoid function). This is not hardware efficient due to the extensive use of multiplications. In [2], a type of neuron is introduced that communicates using stochastic bitstreams instead of fixed-point values. This drastically simplifies the hardware implementation of arithmetic operations such as addition, the nonlinearity and multiplication. We have built an implementation of RC on FPGA, using these stochastic neurons. In this article we present some results regarding the performance results of this implementation. However, the use of stochastic bitstreams requires some additional precautions. We address some of these challenges and present techniques to overcome them.
New open source modules in KEEL to analyze and export fuzzy association rules

The KEEL software provides several methods to mine fuzzy association rules, however, few modules are available to study them. In this paper we introduce four new KEEL modules to analyze and export fuzzy association rules. Firstly, we present a module to calculate various interest measures for existing sets of fuzzy association rules in order to analyze rules on the basis of their potential interest to the user. Then, two visualization modules are proposed to generate different kinds of graphs from interest measures, making easier the analysis of the rules. Finally, we present a module to export obtained rules to the standard PMML in order to be able to take advantages of other software. The utility of these new modules is illustrated in a case study.
Adolescent Self-Mutilating Behaviors: Experiential Avoidance Coupled with Imitation?

Repetitive self-mutilation (RSM) has become increasingly prevalent among adolescents. Empirical research has pinpointed several correlates of this behavior, but the initiation and maintenance of RSM among adolescents are not well understood. The experiential avoidance model (EAM) proposes that self-mutilation is a behavior that allows for the avoidance or alteration of unwanted internal experiences, and that it is negatively reinforced with repetition. The current study explored the usefulness of the EAM as an explanatory theory for adolescent RSM, with the additional incorporation of issues of social context. Adolescents (N = 211) from three school-based samples completed self-report questionnaires. One-third of students reported at least one incident of purposeful, non-suicidal self-mutilation and 16% had engaged in self-mutilation repeatedly within the past 6 months. Both regression and group analyses indicated that adolescents who engage in RSM report greater psychological distress, a greater incidence of functionally equivalent behaviors, and greater exposure to self-mutilation among peers and/or in the media, when compared to their counterparts who have not engaged in RSM. Suicidal ideation/behaviors were consistently the strongest predictors of current self-mutilation behaviors. Clinical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Progression of prostate cancer: diagnostic and prognostic utility of prostate-specific antigen, alpha2-macroglobulin, and their complexes.

We previously reported cases of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) in which serum alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M) levels were markedly decreased to less than approximately 50 mg/dl whereas serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were remarkably increased. These cases were not complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In this study, we measured serum PSA and alpha2M in 108 patients with either benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or PCa to elucidate the relationship between PSA, i.e. the serum protease derived from the prostatic tissue, and alpha2M, i.e. the protease inhibitor that was the most abundantly contained in serum. alpha2M was determined by ELISA, total PSA and PSA-alpha1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) by EIA, and free-PSA by RIA in 44 patients with untreated BPH and 64 patients with untreated PCa. The ready association of alpha2M and PSA was assessed using Western blotting to identify complexes of the two. Levels of total serum PSA correlated positively with those of PSA-ACT in PCa (r = 0.99, p < 0.001), and both levels increased with advancing stage of disease. In contrast, the serum-free PSA/total PSA ratio (free/total PSA) and alpha2M levels decreased as the disease progressed. However, only the free/total PSA ratio attained significant difference for localized cancer in stage T1,2 versus BPH (p < 0.05). In stage M1b PCa, in which serum PSA levels were very high, there was a negative correlation between the total PSA and alpha2M values (r = -0.57, p < 0.05). In addition, serum alpha2M levels tended to decrease with progression of PCa. Serum total PSA levels correlated tightly with serum PSA-ACT levels. It is suggested that PSA is usually complexed with ACT in the serum. Free/total PSA was useful for differential diagnosis between early cancer and BPH. Levels of serum alpha2M of less than 50 mg/dl in PCa patients may indicate a possibility of bone metastases.
Multi-Object modelling of the face

The work in this thesis deals with the problematic of face modeling for the purpose of facial analysis.In the first part of this thesis, we proposed the Multi-Object Facial Actions Active Appearance Model (AAM). The specificity of the proposed model is that different parts of the face are treated as separate objects and eye movements (gaze and blink) are extrinsically parameterized. This increases the generalization capabilities of classical AAM.The second part of the thesis concerns the use of face modeling in the context of expression and emotion recognition. First we have proposed a system for the recognition of facial expressions in the form of Action Units (AU). Our contribution concerned mainly the extraction of AAM features of which we have opted for the use of local models.The second system concerns multi-modal recognition of four continuously valued affective dimensions. We have proposed a system that fuses audio, context and visual features and gives as output the four emotional dimensions. We contribute to the system by finding the precise localization of the facial features. Accordingly, we propose the Multi-Local AAM. This model combines extrinsically a global model of the face and a local one of the mouth through the computation of projection errors on the same global AAM.
Improving Secondary Science Teaching

Improving Secondary Science Teaching has been written to help teachers both new and experienced reflect on their current practice and consider how to improve the effectiveness of their teaching. The book examines each of the common teaching methods used in science in relation to pupils' learning and provides guidance on management issues and procedures. With underlying themes such as pupils' interest in science and their motivation to learn; how pupils learn science; the type of science currently being taught in school; and the value of educational research; the book includes chapters on: the improvement process; planning for progression and continuity; promoting pupils' learning; dealing with differences; making use of information from assessment; learning about the nature of science. This timely book will be of interest to practising science teachers, particularly those who are working to improve the management of science departments or their own teaching practice. It will also be a valuable resource for science education researchers and students on higher degree courses in science education. (Routledge, 2003).
Anxiogenic effects of CO2 and hyperventilation in patients with panic disorder.

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have indicated that patients with panic disorder are more likely than normal subjects to have acute panic attacks during inhalation of CO2, but methodological objections have been raised. In this study the authors attempted to address three of these methodological problems by ensuring that raters who assessed whether panic attacks occurred were blind to subjects' diagnoses, by randomizing the order of administration of 5% CO2 and hyperventilation, and by challenging a greater number of subjects with 7% CO2. METHOD Patients with panic disorder and normal subjects underwent 20-minute inhalations of 5% CO2 and 7% CO2 and 15 minutes of room-air hyperventilation. Ratings of panic/no panic during each condition were made separately by an assessor blind to diagnosis and by the subject. Scores on four panic rating scales were also recorded before and after each intervention. RESULTS Room-air hyperventilation caused panic attacks in a small number of patients; the difference in panic rate between patients and comparison subjects was statistically significant by the subjects' but not by the raters' assessment. Panic rates during 5% CO2 and 7% CO2 were significantly greater among the patients by both assessments; the panic rate was greatest during 7% CO2. Order of administration did not significantly affect panic rates for hyperventilation and 5% CO2. CONCLUSIONS Panic patients were clearly more sensitive to the anxiogenic effects of CO2 than comparison subjects, and CO2 was a more potent anxiogenic stimulus than room-air hyperventilation. Seven percent CO2 discriminated best between patients and comparison subjects and should be the focus of further research.
Fun and learning: the power of narrative

This paper describes the results of a comparative study carried out in a Singapore High School to test four versions of our game for learning, to investigate the effectiveness of puzzle and narrative-based games in engaging students, how the games affect their learning experience and their understanding of the physics concepts of displacement and velocity. It outlines the development of four game versions and in particular, describes the introduction of an off-screen character to help reach a synergy of fun and learning through an optimal blend of design and development dimensions (e.g. constructionist and instructionist learning, hidden/incidental and direct/explicit learning). The off-screen character achieves this through narration of an extended narrative/story intertwoven with aspects of the learning topics -- displacement and velocity. In this way the character's purpose is twofold; firstly, as part of the storyline and secondly, as learning partner or assistant.
Dipyridamole coronary flow reserve stratifies prognosis in acute coronary syndrome patients without left anterior descending disease.

AIMS Coronary flow reserve (CFR) assessment by transthoracic ultrasound of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery during dipyridamole stress echocardiography has been shown to predict prognosis in large unselected populations. Low values of CFR are strongly correlated with significant stenosis of the LAD; aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic impact of CFR in patients recovering from an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with proven absence of LAD disease. METHODS From an overall cohort of 325 patients with ACS who underwent a high-dose dipyridamole stress with combined assessment of CFR in the LAD and wall motion, 152 patients without LAD disease (stenosis <50%) were included in the present analysis; all subjects underwent coronary angiography and were subsequently monitored for the incidence of major cardiac events (MACE). RESULTS After a median follow-up of 29 months, 22 patients developed MACE. Patients who experienced MACE differed from stable patients in terms of age, prevalence of diabetes, and CFR. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis defined a CFR <2.25 as the optimal cut point for prediction of MACE. Cox multivariable analysis for the prediction of MACE demonstrated independent predictive value only for CFR <2.25, smoking status, and number of stenotic vessels at angiogram. CONCLUSION In high-risk patients with ACS, even in the absence of LAD disease, CFR significantly improves prediction of adverse events when added to standard evaluation. This finding supports a role of CFR in the risk stratification early after ACS and is in context with the concept that CFR reflects global atherosclerotic burden, endothelial dysfunction, and microvascular damage, more than just mirroring focal LAD disease.
The intriguing plant nuclear lamina

The nuclear lamina is a complex protein mesh attached to the inner nuclear membrane (INM), which is also associated with nuclear pore complexes. It provides mechanical support to the nucleus and nuclear envelope, and as well as facilitating the connection of the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton, it is also involved in chromatin organization, gene regulation, and signaling. In metazoans, the nuclear lamina consists of a polymeric layer of lamins and other interacting proteins responsible for its association with the INM and chromatin. In plants, field emission scanning electron microscopy of nuclei, and thin section transmission electron microscopy of isolated nucleoskeletons, reveals the lamina to have a similar structure to that of metazoans. Moreover, although plants lack lamin genes and the genes encoding most lamin-binding proteins, the main functions of the lamina are fulfilled in plants. Hence, it would appear that the plant lamina is not based on lamins and that other proteins substitute for lamins in plant cells. The nuclear matrix constituent proteins are the best characterized structural proteins in the plant lamina. Although these proteins do not display strong sequence similarity to lamins, their predicted secondary structure and sub-nuclear distribution, as well as their influence on nuclear size and shape, and on heterochromatin organization, suggest they could be functional lamin analogs. In this review we shall summarize what is currently known about the organization and composition of the plant nuclear lamina and its interacting complexes, and we will discuss the activity of this structure in the plant cell and its nucleus.
Analysis of Differential Gene Expression and Novel Transcript Units of Ovine Muscle Transcriptomes

In this study, we characterized differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the muscle transcriptomes of Small-tailed Han sheep and Dorper sheep and predicted novel transcript units using high-throughput RNA sequencing technology. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that 1,300 DEGs were involved in cellular processes, metabolic pathways, and the actin cytoskeleton pathway. Importantly, we identified 34 DEGs related to muscle cell development and differentiation. Additionally, we were able to optimize the gene structure and predict the untranslated regions (UTRs) for some of the DEGs. Among the 123,678 novel predicted transcript units (TUs), 15,015 units were predicted protein sequences. The reliability of the sequencing data was verified through qRT-PCR analysis of 12 genes. These results will provide useful information for functional genetic research in the future.
Selective Recapture of Secretory Granule Components After Full Collapse Exocytosis in Neuroendocrine Chromaffin Cells

In secretory cells, calcium‐regulated exocytosis is rapidly followed by compensatory endocytosis. Neuroendocrine cells secrete hormones and neuropeptides through various modes of exo‐endocytosis, including kiss‐and‐run, cavicapture and full‐collapse fusion. During kiss‐and‐run and cavicapture modes, the granule membrane is maintained in an omega shape, whereas it completely merges with the plasma membrane during full‐collapse mode. As the composition of the granule membrane is very different from that of the plasma membrane, a precise sorting process of granular proteins must occur. However, the fate of secretory granule membrane after full fusion exocytosis remains uncertain.