Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climacteric symptoms among indigenous Australian women and a model for the use of culturally relevant art in health promotion

ObjectiveTo evaluate climacteric symptoms among rural and remote, indigenous Australian women and to develop culturally relevant women's health midlife educational material. DesignA cross-sectional pilot survey based on structured interviews of women older than 18 years of age who were available for interview and willing to participate. The study was conducted in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and southwestern Victoria between February and June 1999. Health issues central to the local community were identified by the structured survey. Development of culturally relevant information involved collaboration between indigenous women and indigenous artists, health workers, educators, and ourselves. Traditional health themes in art form were then linked with specific health issues to be addressed. Health messages were translated by Aboriginal women and health workers into both traditional language and vernacular, to target all women. ResultsFifty-five women completed the survey. Thirty-eight were premenopausal, 4 were perimenopausal, and 13 were postmenopausal. The 4 perimenopausal women and 9 of the 13 postmenopausal women had climacteric symptoms, but none had been prescribed systemic or local hormonal therapy. Rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were high. Midlife women's health booklets were produced in collaboration with Aboriginal elders and artists to communicate preventive health information in a visual context familiar to Aboriginal people of the Kimberley and surrounding communities. ConclusionsIn contrast to the case in other non-Caucasian populations, climacteric symptoms seem to be common among Australian indigenous women and are apparently untreated. Aboriginal art and language has been employed in the development of culturally appropriate health promotion literature for Aboriginal communities in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. This process of collaboration provides a useful model for addressing women's health issues in other culturally diverse populations.
Adoption of Electronic Commerce by Organizations in India: Strategic and Environmental Imperatives

In recent years many developing nations have been exposed to significant external changes such as economic deregulation and globalization. Evidence suggests that this has resulted in the adoption of EC by organizations in these countries. It is important to understand the strategic and environmental imperatives for EC adoption. Such understanding is required for anticipating necessary changes in EC adoption, to keep in tune with the impending and emerging changes in the environment. It is also needed for formulating business strategies in alignment with the organization's IS strategies and IT capabilities, and for addressing managerial challenges in EC adoption. This paper is based on a study of EC adoption in eighteen companies from eleven industries in India. It is aimed at examining the different factors, related to strategic and environmental imperatives, which lead to the adoption of EC by organizations in developing countries. The results, based on interviews with close to a hundred people in these organizations indicate that tThere are broadly three conditions under which an organisationorganization adopts EC. These are related to the external environment, organizational performance and specific internal management compulsions. Each of these conditions describes a specific aspect of EC adoption and leads to imperatives for changes in processes and products. These imperatives in turn, result in the adoption of EC in different critical organizational processes. This study is one of the first detailed empirical studies on EC adoption in Indian organizations.
Creating and Evaluating a Framework for HCI-aspects of Design in Use Case Driven Systems Development at Land Systems Hägglunds

HCI-related issues in systems development are important so that focus is not only on functional requirements, but also on user-centered issues as well. In this paper a framework for HCIrelated use case driven design and recording of design rationale in systems development at Land Systems Hägglunds is proposed. The framework is based on methods within the areas of Task Analysis and Design Space Analysis. A case study is performed using the framework on a subsystem of the grenade launcher turret AMOS called MIS. The results of the evaluation show flaws in the framework and points out shortcomings in the use cases when used as input for the framework, but also showed that Design Space Analysis is very suitable for the recording of design rationale.
Discriminative model combination

Discriminative model combination is a new approach in the field of automatic speech recognition, which aims at an optimal integration of all given (acoustic and language) models into one log-linear posterior probability distribution. As opposed to the maximum entropy approach, the coefficients of the log-linear combination are optimized on training samples using discriminative methods to obtain an optimal classifier. Three methods are discussed to find coefficients which minimize the empirical word error rate on given training data: the well-known generalised probabilistic descent (GPD) based minimum error rate training leading to an iterative optimization scheme; a minimization of the mean distance between the discriminant function of the log-linear posterior probability distribution and an "ideal" discriminant function; and a minimization of a smoothed error count measure, where the smoothing function is a parabola. The latter two methods lead to closed-form solutions for the coefficients of the model combination. Experimental results show that the accuracy of a large vocabulary continuous speech recognition system can be increased by a discriminative model combination, due to a better exploitation of the given acoustic and language models.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prophylactic Mesh During Primary Stoma Formation to Prevent Parastomal Hernia

BACKGROUND: Implantation of mesh at the time of stoma formation may reduce the rate of parastomal hernia. Until recently, the evidence has been limited to only a few small randomized controlled trials. OBJECTIVE: We present an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of mesh prophylaxis on rates of parastomal hernia. We examine ongoing and unpublished trials via online registries and propose recommendations for future research. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to March 2016 for published randomized controlled trials. Sixteen international trial registries were inspected for ongoing and unpublished trials. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials comparing mesh versus no mesh on the incidence of parastomal hernia after colostomy or ileostomy formation were selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was rate of parastomal hernia at least 12 months after stoma formation. Secondary outcomes included rates of stoma-related complications. RESULTS: Of 3005 studies identified, 7 randomized controlled trials (432 patients) were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. All were at high risk of bias. Mesh reduced the incidence of clinically detected parastomal hernia (10.8% vs 32.4%; p = 0.001) (risk ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.18–0.65; I2 = 39%) and the rate of radiologically detected parastomal hernia (34.6% vs 55.3%; p = 0.01) (risk ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.89; I2 = 44%). No increase in the incidence of stoma-related complications was observed with the use of prophylactic mesh. Results from ongoing and unpublished randomized controlled trials are expected, but few will report on alternative mesh types or surgical techniques. LIMITATIONS: Heterogeneity of interventions, small patient populations, and a high risk of bias seen in all studies implicate cautious interpretation of the results. CONCLUSION: Mesh prophylaxis at the time of stoma formation appears safe and effective in preventing parastomal hernia; however, limitations of the primary evidence justify larger, more rigorous randomized controlled trials.
Fast algorithms for low-level vision

A computationally efficient recursive filtering structure is presented for smoothing and, calculating the first and second directional derivatives and the Laplacian of an image with a fixed number of operations per output element, independently of the size of the neighborhood considered. It is shown how the recursive approach results on an implementation of low-level vision algorithms that is very efficient in terms of computational effort and how it renders the use of multiresolution techniques very attractive. Applications to edge detection problem are considered, and a novel edge detector allowing zero-crossings of an image, to be extracted with only 14 operations per output element at any resolution is provided. The algorithms have been tested for indoor scenes and noisy images and gave very good results for all of them. <<ETX>>
Bags of Words Models of Epitope Sets: HIV Viral Load Regression with Counting Grids

The immune system gathers evidence of the execution of various molecular processes, both foreign and the cells' own, as time- and space-varying sets of epitopes, small linear or conformational segments of the proteins involved in these processes. Epitopes do not have any obvious ordering in this scheme: The immune system simply sees these epitope sets as disordered "bags" of simple signatures based on whose contents the actions need to be decided. The immense landscape of possible bags of epitopes is shaped by the cellular pathways in various cells, as well as the characteristics of the internal sampling process that chooses and brings epitopes to cellular surface. As a consequence, upon the infection by the same pathogen, different individuals' cells present very different epitope sets. Modeling this landscape should thus be a key step in computational immunology. We show that among possible bag-of-words models, the counting grid is most fit for modeling cellular presentation. We describe each patient by a bag-of-peptides they are likely to present on the cellular surface. In regression tests, we found that compared to the state-of-the-art, counting grids explain more than twice as much of the log viral load variance in these patients. This is potentially a significant advancement in the field, given that a large part of the log viral load variance also depends on the infecting HIV strain, and that HIV polymorphisms themselves are known to strongly associate with HLA types, both effects beyond what is modeled here.
Individual Choices in a Non-Consequentialist Framework: A Procedural Approach

Non-consequentialist features of a choice procedure may matter. The procedural aspect behind availability of alternatives may induce an individual to abstain from choosing any element at all so that the choice set becomes empty. In this paper, the concept of choice is related to procedural aspects of different kinds. Availability of objects, different aspects of production as such and shrinkages from an originally given set of options to various of its subsets are considered. Rationalizability of choice in such contexts is studied axiomatically. We relate our conditions to the standard consistency conditions from traditional choice theory.
The learning group: dynamics, concepts and issues. a post-Foulkesian group-analytic ethnography of psychoanalytic psychotherapy training

This is a study of the final semester of a clinical training course in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. This study explores the contribution of the classroom group to promoting the process of learning, in other words, its role as a learning group. The author took part in the group as a participant observer, but was also one of the two teaching staff responsible for the semester. Hence, the study is an exemplification of practice, from the inside outwards. Within the inter-disciplinary tradition of psychoanalytic anthropology, the study demonstrates the novel methodology of post-Foulkesian group-analytic ethnography. The study makes use of an understanding of the unconscious mind, one which emphasises associative processes. This perspective enables a focus on metonymy, a figure of speech where a concept or object is replaced by an associated concept or object. In the study, metonymy is used to facilitate both the elaboration of the methodology and methods of the study (by exploiting the associations between disciplines and processes that are contiguous), as well as the processes of analysis and interpretation of the data. Data was collected through participant observation (both at the time of the teaching and learning and in reflective consideration later), by audiotape recording the semester, and from analytic consideration of allied experiences. The study includes both a narrative account of the whole semester as well as analyses of a series of ‘sticky moments’, episodes that are dense with layered meanings. These sticky moments include: a difficult beginning; an eruption of emotion in an hiatus; the dramatic appearance of a powerful symbol; phenomena transferred to, enacted in and managed in an allied reflective space; and disconnection from reality at an ending. These are understood respectively as being, amongst other things, illustrations: of timelessness, and of containment, essential to the work of the group; of how an individual can come unconsciously through a form of symbolisation to be the focus of and conveyor of experience for the group; of condensation of an array of meanings into a single instance; of how displacement offers potential for resolution, and, finally, of how an absence of mutual contradiction can allow the unconscious to remain so, at a cost. From these accounts, a series of concepts, dynamics and issues are identified. These elements are then linked to form a group-analytically aware model in order to inform and to understand this type of teaching and learning. This model has twin foci, the content of the learning, and the context and process of that learning. The study aims to contribute in the following ways: to understanding of the processes of teaching and learning; to the development of research methodology for reflective practitioner research, particularly for use by clinicians but available to others; to clinical psychotherapy training; and to the promotion of professional development in related fields.
MAWILab: combining diverse anomaly detectors for automated anomaly labeling and performance benchmarking

Evaluating anomaly detectors is a crucial task in traffic monitoring made particularly difficult due to the lack of ground truth. The goal of the present article is to assist researchers in the evaluation of detectors by providing them with labeled anomaly traffic traces. We aim at automatically finding anomalies in the MAWI archive using a new methodology that combines different and independent detectors. A key challenge is to compare the alarms raised by these detectors, though they operate at different traffic granularities. The main contribution is to propose a reliable graph-based methodology that combines any anomaly detector outputs. We evaluated four unsupervised combination strategies; the best is the one that is based on dimensionality reduction. The synergy between anomaly detectors permits to detect twice as many anomalies as the most accurate detector, and to reject numerous false positive alarms reported by the detectors. Significant anomalous traffic features are extracted from reported alarms, hence the labels assigned to the MAWI archive are concise. The results on the MAWI traffic are publicly available and updated daily. Also, this approach permits to include the results of upcoming anomaly detectors so as to improve over time the quality and variety of labels.
Exploiting Spatial Context in Image Region Labelling Using Fuzzy Constraint Reasoning

We present an approach for integrating explicit knowledge about the spatial context of objects into image region labelling. Our approach is based on spatial prototypes that represent the typical arrangement of objects in images. We use Fuzzy Constraint Satisfaction Problems as the underlying formal model for producing a labelling that is consistent with the spatial constraints of prototypes.
Price Evolution in a Continuous Double Auction Prediction Market With a Scoring-Rule Based Market Maker

The logarithmic market scoring rule (LMSR), the most common automated market making rule for prediction markets, is typically studied in the framework of dealer markets, where the market maker takes one side of every transaction. The continuous double auction (CDA) is a much more widely used microstructure for general financial markets in practice. In this paper, we study the properties of CDA prediction markets with zero-intelligence traders in which an LMSR-style market maker participates actively. We extend an existing idea of Robin Hanson for integrating LMSR with limit order books in order to provide a new, self-contained market making algorithm that does not need “special” access to the order book and can participate as another trader. We find that, as expected, the presence of the market maker leads to generally lower bid-ask spreads and higher trader surplus (or price improvement), but, surprisingly, does not necessarily improve price discovery and market efficiency; this latter effect is more pronounced when there is higher variability in trader beliefs.
Class-E MOSFET tuned power oscillator design procedure

A complete design procedure of a Class-E oscillator for a duty cycle of 0.5 is presented. It is based on an analytical solution of equations, which describe oscillator operation for steady state. General equations for all oscillator component values are given. Using the proposed procedure, the components were calculated for an example oscillator. The oscillator was built and tested using an MTP3055E power MOSFET. The efficiency and output power versus frequency, and the oscillation frequency versus dc supply voltage were measured. At V/sub DD/=4.5 V, the measured oscillation frequency was 800 kHz, the output power was 0.953 W, and the efficiency was 82%.
Variable Depth Search 5 VARIABLE DEPTH SEARCH

This chapter provides a brief historical overview of how variabledepth-search methods have evolved in the last half a century of computer chess work. We focus mainly on techniques that have not only withstood the test of time but also embody ideas that are still relevant in contemporary game-playing programs. Pseudo code is provided for a special formulation of the PVS/ZWS alpha-beta search algorithm, as well for an implementation of the method of singular extensions. We provide some data from recent experiments with Abyss’99, an updated Chinese Chess program. We also pinpoint the current research in forward pruning, since this is where the greatest performance improvements are possible. The work closes with a short summary of the impact of computer chess work on Chinese Chess, Shogi and Go.
Pushing and Pulling Emerging Adults Through College

Interview, survey, and academic transcript data with a diverse sample of first-generation college (FGC) and continuing generation college (CGC) premedical intended emerging adults are analyzed to study academic outcomes and any differences in the availability and use of social capital the first year of college. CGC students know many people with college degrees including those in careers they aspire to obtain, while FGC students do not. All students identify parents as very important forms of social capital who contribute to their success in college, but the types of support differs by educational background. Students whose parents have at least a bachelor’s degree (CGC) are “pulled” through their first year with specific advice from their parents about how to succeed in college, while FGC students are “pushed” by their parents with support. In addition, CGC students display evidence of enacting Lareau’s concept of concerted cultivation, being much more likely than FGC students to approach and gain assistance from professors, openly critiquing those professors and classes in which they are not doing well and showing a sense of entitlement to and confidence in their ability to stay on the premedical track, even when receiving low test scores.
Chantal Mouffe: Hegemony, Radical Democracy, and the Political

Chantal Mouffe’s writings have been innovatory with respect to democratic theory, Marxism and feminism. Her work derives from, and has always been engaged with, contemporary political events and intellectual debates. This sense of conflict informs both the methodological and substantive propositions she offers. Determinisms, scientific or otherwise, and ideologies, Marxist or feminist, have failed to survive her excoriating critiques. In a sense she is the original post-Marxist, rejecting economisms and class-centric analyses, and also the original post-feminist, more concerned with the varieties of ‘identity politics’ than with any singularities of ‘women’s issues’. While Mouffe’s concerns with power and discourse derive from her studies of Gramsci’s theorisations of hegemony and the post-structuralisms of Derrida and Foucault, her reversal of the very terms through which political theory proceeds is very much her own. She centres conflict, not consensus, and disagreement, not finality. Whether philosophically perfectionist, or liberally reasonable, political theorists have been challenged by Mouffe to think again, and to engage with a new concept of ‘the political’ and a revived and refreshed notion of ‘radical democracy’.
Influence of 50 Hz Magnetic Field on Sex Hormones and Body, Uterine, and Ovarian Weights of Adult Female Rats

The effects of extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields on sex hormones of adult female Spague-Dawley rats were investigated. Adult female rats were exposed to a 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field at approximately 25 μT (rms) for 18 weeks before they returned to their normal life with unexposed counterparts. Serum level of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), progesterone, and estrogen were measured before, after, and during the exposure. Body and uterine weights were not affected by the field. A significant reduction in absolute and relative ovarian weights in exposed rats was observed when compared with sham-exposed controls (P < 0.05). The reduction in the levels of gonadotropins (FSH and LH) was significant after six weeks of exposure (P < 0.005). FSH levels were affected only on week 6 of exposure while LH remained affected during at 12 and 18 weeks (P < 0.05). Interestingly, no significant effects were found at 6 and 12 weeks after removing the field. The level of progesterone and estrogen was significantly decreased after 12 weeks of exposure (P < 0.05), while no other effects on progesterone level was observed during exposure or after removing the exposure. The level of estrogen was also significantly reduced at 12 weeks after removing the field (P < 0.05). These results suggest possible adverse effect on mammalian fertility and reproduction. The effects of ELF-MF on sex hormones were shown to be partly reversible.