Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A potential wound‐healing‐promoting peptide from salamander skin

Although it is well known that wound healing proceeds incredibly quickly in urodele amphibians, such as newts and salamanders, little is known about skin‐wound healing, and no bioactive/effector substance that contributes to wound healing has been identified from these animals. As a step toward understanding salamander wound healing and skin regeneration, a potential wound‐healing‐promoting peptide (tylotoin; KCVRQNNKRVCK) was identified from salamander skin of Tylototriton verrucosus. It shows comparable wound‐healing‐promoting ability (EC50=11.14 μg/ml) with epidermal growth factor (EGF; NSDSECPLSHDGYCLHDGVCMYIEALDKYACNCVVGYIGERCQYRDLKWWELR) in a murine model of full‐thickness dermal wound. Tylotoin directly enhances the motility and proliferation of keratinocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and fibroblasts, resulting in accelerated reepithelialization and granulation tissue formation in the wound site. Tylotoin also promotes the release of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) and interleukin 6 (IL‐6), which are essential in the wound healing response. Gene‐encoded tylotoin secreted in salamander skin is possibly an effector molecule for skin wound healing. This study may facilitate understanding of the cellular and molecular events that underlie quick wound healing in salamanders. —Mu, L. , Tang, J., Liu, H. , Shen, C. , Rong, M. , Zhang, Z. , Lai, R. A potential wound‐healing‐promoting peptide from salamander skin. FASEB J. 28, 3919‐3929 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Study on Personalized Data Broadcasting Service using TV-Anytime Metadata

The number of broadcasting channels and contents are increasing with the arrival of digital broadcast and various broadcasting medium. However, there is a limit on searching of the program by using conventional program guide. Therefore, personalized broadcasting service to provide the environment, that user is able to consume his/her customized broadcasting contents at anytime, is standardized by TV-anytime (TVA) forum. TV-anytime forum (TVAF) is standardizing technology for the search, selection, acquisition and rightful use of contents on local and remote personal storage systems from both broadcast and IP network services. TVA metadata specifications are classified into phase 1 and phase 2. TV-anytime phase 1 (TVA-1) specified the metadata for targeting of AV contents. TV-anytime phase 2 (TVA-2) that extends TVA-1, is defining specifications that are content packaging for various contents and targeting metadata for adaptive consumption on home networking environment. Especially, the structure of data broadcasting contents have different from that of AV contents. Therefore, it is necessary to new structure of the metadata for personalized data broadcasting service and new mechanism for data flow of broadcasting system. In this paper, we introduce a method and system for personalized data broadcasting service using TVA metadata. Appropriate metadata structure for personalized data broadcasting is explained by comparison with package metadata and data broadcasting contents. New scenario and contents structure for personalized data broadcast is described. Therefore the system and data flow mechanism for personalized data broadcasting service is presented
Handbook of Marine Craft Hydrodynamics and Motion Control [Bookshelf]

This book offers a comprehensive manuscript encompassing two separable texts on hydrodynamics and control of marine vehicles. In contrast to the aerospace industry, where dynamicists are often control experts as well, in the maritime world (due to the significant effect environmental loads have on the dynamics of the system) the more common pairing is dynamics with hydrodynamics. As such, Fossen is one of few in the maritime industry who could write such a complete treatment of dynamics, hydrodynamics, and control issues related to surface and subsurface marine vehicles. The author provides an excellent treatment of the subject matter, written from a more generalist perspective, at a substantially lower cost. There are excellent texts covering marine hydrodynamics, vessel dynamics, and ship motion control. However, for some time a void has existed in the literature covering the intersection of these related fields, with the exception of specialist texts such as the treatment of high-speed craft control. Contents This book is presented as two volumes. The first volume is devoted to marine craft hydrodynamics and the second volume of the book is devoted to motion control.
Identification, Expression, and Purification of a Pyrethroidhydrolyzing Carboxylesterase from Mouse Liver Microsomes*[boxs]

Carboxylesterases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of a wide range of ester-containing endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Although the use of pyrethroids is increasing, the specific enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of these insecticides have yet to be identified. A pyrethroid-hydrolyzing enzyme was partially purified from mouse liver microsomes using a fluorescent reporter similar in structure to cypermethrin (Shan, G., and Hammock, B. D. (2001) Anal. Biochem. 299, 54-62 and Wheelock, C. E. , Wheelock, A. M. , Zhang, R. , Stok, J. E. , Morisseau, C. , Le Valley, S. E. , Green, C. E. , and Hammock, B. D. (2003) Anal. Biochem. 315, 208-222) and subsequently identified as a carboxylesterase (NCBI accession number BAC36707). The expressed sequence tag was then cloned, expressed in baculovirus, and purified to homogeneity. Kinetic constants for a large number of both type I and type II pyrethroid or pyrethroid-like substrates were determined. This esterase possesses similar kinetic constants for cypermethrin and its fluorescent-surrogate (kcat = 0.12 ± 0.03 versus 0.11 ± 0.01 s-1). Compared with their cis- counterparts, trans-permethrin and cypermethrin were hydrolyzed 22- and 4-fold faster, respectively. Of the four fenvalerate isomers the (2R)(αR)-isomer was hydrolyzed at least 1 order of magnitude faster than any other isomer. However, it is unlikely that this enzyme accounts for the total pyrethroid hydrolysis in the microsomes because both isoelectrofocusing and native PAGE indicate the presence of a second region of cypermethrin-metabolizing enzymes. A second carboxylesterase gene (NCBI accession number NM_133960), isolated during a cDNA mouse liver library screening, was also found to hydrolyze pyrethroids. Both these enzymes could be used as preliminary tools in establishing the relative toxicity of new pyrethroids.
Serial Excision of a Large Facial Skin Cancer

Background. In the management of large facial neoplasms, the dermatologic surgeon must consider local factors affecting the success of closures. Objective. Large facial neoplasms can be removed serially with Mohs micrographic surgery. Serial excision facilitates recruitment of adjacent normal skin for replacement of lesional skin, minimizing the risks of necrosis. Methods. A large morpheaform basal cell carcinoma was excised serially. The initial defect was closed with an O to L advancement flap. The final excision and repair 2 months later consisted of a combination of primary closure with marsupialization and pursestring closure. A full‐thickness skin graft was used to close the final defect. Results. The patient had optimal cosmesis at 2‐year follow‐up. Conclusion. Large facial neoplasms can be excised serially. This technique, performed in the setting of Mohs micrographic surgery, takes advantage of “mechanical and biologic creep,” resulting in excellent cosmesis and function.
Distinct Functions of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors eIF1A and eIF3 in the Formation of the 40 S Ribosomal Preinitiation Complex*

We have used an in vitro translation initiation assay to investigate the requirements for the efficient transfer of Met-tRNAf (as Met-tRNAf·eIF2·GTP ternary complex) to 40 S ribosomal subunits in the absence of mRNA (or an AUG codon) to form the 40 S preinitiation complex. We observed that the 17-kDa initiation factor eIF1A is necessary and sufficient to mediate nearly quantitative transfer of Met-tRNAf to isolated 40 S ribosomal subunits. However, the addition of 60 S ribosomal subunits to the 40 S preinitiation complex formed under these conditions disrupted the 40 S complex resulting in dissociation of Met-tRNAf from the 40 S subunit. When the eIF1A-dependent preinitiation reaction was carried out with 40 S ribosomal subunits that had been preincubated with eIF3, the 40 S preinitiation complex formed included bound eIF3 (40 S·eIF3·Met-tRNAf·eIF2·GTP). In contrast to the complex lacking eIF3, this complex was not disrupted by the addition of 60 S ribosomal subunits. These results suggest that in vivo, both eIF1A and eIF3 are required to form a stable 40 S preinitiation complex, eIF1A catalyzing the transfer of Met-tRNAf·eIF2·GTP to 40 S subunits, and eIF3 stabilizing the resulting complex and preventing its disruption by 60 S ribosomal subunits.
New, Coupling Loss Induced, Quench Protection System for Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

A new and promising method for the protection of superconducting high-field magnets is developed and tested on the so-called MQXC quadrupole magnet at the CERN magnet test facility. The method relies on a capacitive discharge system inducing, during a few periods, an oscillation of the transport current in the superconducting cable of the coil. The corresponding fast change of the local magnetic field introduces a high coupling-current loss, which, in turn, causes a fast quench of a large fraction of the coil due to enhanced temperature. Results of measured discharges at various levels of transport current are presented and compared to discharges by quenching the coils using conventional quench heaters and an energy extraction system. The hot-spot temperature in the quenching coil is deduced from the coil voltage and current. The results are compared to simulations carried out using a lumped-element dynamic electro-thermal model of the so-called MQXC magnet developed with Cadence PSpice. The calculated voltages and currents are in good agreement with the measured data. Simulation and test results show that this new protection system, called coupling-loss induced quench, is a feasible method to reduce the hot-spot temperature in high-field superconducting magnets, even more when used in combination with conventional quench heaters.
Band Offset Reduction at Defect-Rich p/i Interface Through a Wide Bandgap a-SiO:H Buffer Layer

In single junction p-i-n solar cells, the optical losses can be mitigated by inserting the wide band gap amorphous silicon oxide layer at the defect-rich p/i interface. In this paper, a simulation and experimental study on the performance of p-i-n solar cells by inserting the intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide (i-a-SiO:H) buffer layer at the p/i interface is reported. The i-a-SiO:H film has been deposited by radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) (13.6 MHz) at a low substrate temperature of approximately 230°C. The p/i interface is crucial to solar cell performance because the first few nanometers of the intrinsic layer are a defect-rich layer, having the band gap discontinuity, resulting in band offset. Thus, the carrier recombination probability increases in the vicinity of p/i interface because of high defect density and short carrier lifetime. Aided by optically calibrated simulations and with the support of experimental results, this study shows that a wide band gap thin undoped a-SiO:H buffer layer with higher photoconductivity reduces the band-gap offset and minimizes the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers at the defect-rich p/i interface. It has also been found that the a-SiO:H buffer layer augmented the electric field inside the device. As a result, the overall performance of the a-Si:H-based single junction solar cell has significantly improved. By employing a ∼5 nm thick a-SiO:H buffer layer, the blue response of the cell has been improved, resulting in 7.34% and 18.62% enhancement in fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (η), respectively, as compared to the buffer-less cell.
Game theoretic modeling of jamming attack in wireless powered communication networks

In wireless powered networks, a user can make a request and use the wireless energy transferred from an energy source for its data transmission. However, due to broadcast nature of wireless energy transfer (e.g., RF energy), a malicious node (i.e., an attacker) can also intercept the energy and use it to perform an attack by jamming the data transmission of the user. We consider such a jamming attack where the user and attacker are aware of each other. We formulate a game theoretic model to analyze the energy request and data transmission policy of the user and the attack policy of the attacker when the user and the attacker both want to maximize their own rewards. We use an iterative algorithm designed based on the best response dynamics to obtain the solution defined in terms of the constrained Nash equilibrium. The numerical results show not only the convergence of the proposed algorithm, but also the optimal reward of the user under different energy cost constraints.
Muscle function assessment in children

Assessment of muscle function has a range of applications, including appraisal of the presence and severity of muscle weakness and fatigability, examination of the effectiveness of intervention programmes and development and monitoring of training programmes. Muscle function assessment is routinely performed in rehabilitation, physical education, coaching and research. Procedures have been extensively examined in adults, but not in children. The aim of this review is to bring to the forefront the issue of paediatric muscle function assessment. Objective methods of muscle function assessment are critically analysed with specific attention to the issues of applicability, validity and reliability. Each of the methods reviewed (isokinetic dynamometry, hand‐held dynamometry, field tests, and standard weights equipment) has its limitations. All procedures have been occasionally studied for validity and reliability and optimal procedures have yet to be identified. Methodological limits can be generalized to the type and speed of activation, standardization of procedures, subject familiarization, gravity and size and psychological influences. It is important for administrators of muscle function tests to be aware of the various factors that can both influence and confound interpretation.
Mixed infection with Libyostrongylus dentatusandLibyostrongylus douglassii induces a heterophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the proventriculus of ostriches

Libyostrongylus dentatus and Libyostrongylus douglassii are haematophagous nematodes found in the proventriculus and the ventriculus of ostriches. Pathological damage leading to bird death has been attributed to L. douglassii. However, histopathology of the mixed infection has not been reported. The aim of the present work was to characterize the cellular inflammatory infiltrate found in the proventriculus of ostriches with a mixed infection. Analysis of the collected nematodes confirmed a mixed infection in the proventriculus of examined birds. Histopathological examination of the proventriculus showed an inflammatory infiltrate composed of granular cells in close proximity to the nematodes. The granulocyte infiltrate was composed mainly of heterophils identified by the lack of peroxidase and presence of fusiform granules.
Transient Expression of Virus‐Specific Promoters in Murine Resident Peritoneal Macrophages

Monocyte‐macrophages (MO), being non‐permissive for most viruses, play an important role in resistance to virus infection. In order to establish the mechanism of abortive infection of murine resident peritoneal MO (ResPMO) by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1), it is desirable to transfect these cells with viral promoters linked to an assayable gene, for example, the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene. This will facilitate studies designed to measure levels of promoter activation or repression in these specialized cells. Transient expression of CAT in ResPMO was achieved with DEAE‐dextran, but not using either calcium phosphate precipitate or lipofectin. CAT expression driven by various virus‐specific promoters was less efficient in ResPMO compared with Vero cells and approximately 50% of input plasmid DNA remained in Vero cells at 48 h post transfection, but only 9% was detectable in ResPMO. However, approximately 6% of ResPMO and 9% of Vero cells contained CAT‐specific DNA at 24 h post transfection. In addition, 2% of cells of either cell type contained CAT‐specific polypeptide at 48 h. This is therefore the first report that the non‐replicating murine ResPMO can be transfected in vitro and more importantly, that these cells express the transfected gene products.
A theoretical study on the origin of cooperativity in the formation of 3(10)- and alpha-helices.

By using a simple repeating unit method, we have conducted a theoretical study which delineates the preferences for beta-strand, 2(7)-ribbon, 3(10)-helix, and alpha-helix formation for a series of polyglycine models up to 14 amino acid residues (Ac-(Gly)(n), n = 0, 1, 2,. , 14). Interactions among residues, which result in cooperativity, are clearly indicated by variations in calculated energies of the residues. Whereas no cooperativity is found in the formation of beta-strands and 2(7)-ribbons, there is a significant cooperativity in the formation of 3(10)- and alpha-helices, especially for the latter. In the case of alpha-helices, the 14th residue is more stable than the 3rd by about 3 kcal/mol. A good correlation between calculated residue energy and residue dipole moment was uncovered, indicating the importance of long-range electrostatic interactions to the cooperativity. The results of our calculations are compared with those of the AMBER and PM3 methods, and indicate that both methods, AMBER and PM3, need further development in the cooperative view of electrostatic interactions. The result should be of importance in providing insight into protein folding and formation of helical structures in a variety of polymeric compounds. This also suggests a strategy for the development of more consistent molecular mechanics force fields.
Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography that is aimed at residual obstructive intracranial blood flow may help expose thrombi to tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Our objective was to determine whether ultrasonography can safely enhance the thrombolytic activity of t-PA. METHODS We treated all patients who had acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the middle cerebral artery with intravenous t-PA within three hours after the onset of symptoms. The patients were randomly assigned to receive continuous 2-MHz transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (the target group) or placebo (the control group). The primary combined end point was complete recanalization as assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography or dramatic clinical recovery. Secondary end points included recovery at 24 hours, a favorable outcome at three months, and death at three months. RESULTS A total of 126 patients were randomly assigned to receive continuous ultrasonography (63 patients) or placebo (63 patients). Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in three patients in the target group and in three in the control group. Complete recanalization or dramatic clinical recovery within two hours after the administration of a t-PA bolus occurred in 31 patients in the target group (49 percent), as compared with 19 patients in the control group (30 percent; P=0.03). Twenty-four hours after treatment of the patients eligible for follow-up, 24 in the target group (44 percent) and 21 in the control group (40 percent) had dramatic clinical recovery (P=0.7). At three months, 22 of 53 patients in the target group who were eligible for follow-up analysis (42 percent) and 14 of 49 in the control group (29 percent) had favorable outcomes (as indicated by a score of 0 to 1 on the modified Rankin scale) (P=0.20). CONCLUSIONS In patients with acute ischemic stroke, continuous transcranial Doppler augments t-PA-induced arterial recanalization, with a nonsignificant trend toward an increased rate of recovery from stroke, as compared with placebo.
An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157 infection following exposure to a contaminated building.

CONTEXT Infection with Escherichia coli O157 causes an estimated 70 000 diarrheal illnesses per year in the United States and can result in hemolytic-uremic syndrome and death. Environmental contamination with E coli O157 may be a public health problem. OBJECTIVES To determine risk factors for E coli O157 infection during an outbreak investigation at a county fair and to evaluate environmental contamination as a possible cause of the outbreak. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Case-control study of 23 patients (median age, 15 years) and 53 age-matched controls who had attended the Lorain County, Ohio, fair between August 20 and August 26, 2001. Case-patients had laboratory-confirmed E coli O157 infection, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, or bloody diarrhea within 7 days of attending the fair; controls attended the fair and did not have diarrhea. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Risk factors for infection and isolates of E coli O157 from environmental specimens. RESULTS Six (26%) case-patients were hospitalized and 2 (9%) developed hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Case-patients were more likely than controls to have visited building A (a multipurpose community facility on the fairgrounds; matched odds ratio [MOR], 21.4 [95% confidence interval [CI], 2.7-170.7]). Among visitors to building A, illness was independently associated with attending a dance in the building (MOR, 7.5; 95% CI, 1.4-41.2), handling sawdust from the floor (MOR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.1-20.0), or eating and/or drinking in the building (MOR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.2-16.6). Twenty-four (44%) of 54 specimens collected from building A 6 weeks after the fair grew Shiga toxin-producing E coli O157. Isolates from sawdust, the rafters, and other surfaces were identical by molecular fingerprinting to patient isolates. Sawdust specimens collected 42 weeks after the fair also grew the same E coli O157 strain. CONCLUSIONS Absence of evidence implicating specific food or beverage sources and the recovery of E coli O157 from the rafters suggest that airborne dispersion of bacteria contributed to the contamination. Because E coli O157 can survive in the environment for more than 10 months, humans may be at risk of infection long after an environment is initially contaminated.
Infrastructure Investment and Industrial Development in Nigeria: The Critical Nexus

Many studies have established the critical role played by infrastructure in economic growth and development of nations globally, but relatively few studies have considered the relationship between infrastructure and industrial development. The few studies done in this area especially in Nigeria emphasized the hard core infrastructure-industry relationship. This justifies the study of relationship of both soft and hard core infrastructure with industrial development in Nigeria, using co-integration and error correction mechanism (ECM); with data spanning 1985 and 2015. Findings indicated that all the variables employed in the study contained unit root properties; and were stationary at level. A long run equilibrium relationship was established between infrastructure investment and the index of industrial production in the country. The study also revealed that 12.9% speed of adjustment is required to adjust towards equilibrium in the long run. The study therefore concluded that in the long run investment in both hard and soft core infrastructure would contribute significantly to the level of industrial development in the country, through high quality work force and improvement in life expectancy of average Nigerians.