Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational Recruitment: Enhancing the Intersection of Research and Practice

[Excerpt] How have recruitment practices changed in response to the tight labor market pressures? A few brief examples will suffice for the present. Cisco Systems, a rapidly growing California-based networking firm, has replaced virtually all of its prior recruitment advertising (for example, newspaper, radio, etc.) with the Internet-based recruiting programs that are specially targeted to the desired applicant population. Based on their own market research that most job-related web entries are received from employed candidates searching the Internet during work hours, Cisco provides job browsers easy to access fake computer screens in case a boss or co-worker enters the room unexpectedly. However, web-based recruiting is not Cisco's only foray into non-traditional recruitment sources. The firm routinely acquires five to six new companies per year in order to fuel its rapid growth with the proven and talented employees of other firms. Recognizing that acquisitions in and of themselves do nothing to prevent valued talent from walking out the door when another employer takes over, Cisco has identified a method of orientation, accommodation, and enculturation that allows them to retain virtually the entire technical staffs of its acquisitions (Nakache, 1997). Another example of innovative recruitment can be found in the practices of the well-known McKinsey Consulting Group. In response to the chronically tight consulting market, McKinsey now places "open" advertisements in international business publications, such as The Economist (1997). The ads state that in order to obtain the "right candidate" (whose characteristics are described in detail in the ad), McKinsey will now accommodate the candidate's own availability, rather than its own timetable for recruitment. The previous examples encourage one to ask whether organizations struggling to revamp their recruitment programs can receive much assistance from the existing conceptual and empirical recruitment literature. Specifically, how closely do newly evolving recruitment practices follow the body of existing? What is known about the strategic impact that recruiting has on organizations as entities? Looking toward the future, what can be done to bring the domains of recruitment research and practice closer together? These are some of the questions addressed in this chapter.
Use of partial stimulus information in spoken word recognition without auditory stimulation

The identification of isolated words in speech‐reading environments is extremely prone to error. Many of these errors are due to the impoverished nature of spoken stimuli when the only perceptual information available is visual; some estimates place the number of visually discriminable segments at just over 25% of the number discriminable in auditory‐only environments. Previous research has shown that the confusion of lipreaders is patterned with respect to the perceptual discriminability of phonetic segments in visual‐only environments. In addition, other sources of information such as phonotactic, lexical, and semantic constraints can play a role in speech‐reading performance. The current study examined the speech‐reading responses generated by 200 normal hearing participants observing 300 isolated English words spoken by 10 talkers each. The responses were analyzed to determine if errors were random or patterned in a way that belies the use of partial information and lexical constraints during the proc.
Phage Display Analysis of Monoclonal Antibody Binding to Anthrax Toxin Lethal Factor

AVR1674 and AVR1675 are monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind with high specificity to anthrax toxin lethal factor (LF) and lethal toxin (LTx). These mAbs have been used as pivotal reagents to develop anthrax toxin detection tests using mass spectrometry. The mAbs were demonstrated to bind LF with good affinity (KD 10−7–10−9 M) and to enhance LF-mediated cleavage of synthetic peptide substrates in vitro. Sequence analysis indicated that the mAbs shared 100% amino acid identity in their complementarity determining regions (CDR). A phage display library based on a combinatorial library of random heptapeptides fused to the pIII coat protein of M13 phage was enriched and screened to identify peptide sequences with mAb binding properties. Selection and sequence analysis of 18 anti-LF-reactive phage clones identified a 7-residue (P1–P7) AVR1674/1675 consensus target binding sequence of TP1-XP2-K/RP3-DP4-D/EP5-ZP6-X/ZP7 (X = aromatic, Z = non-polar). The phage peptide sequence with highest affinity binding to AVR1674/1675 was identified as T-F-K-D-E-I-V. Synthetic oligopeptides were designed based on the phage sequences and interacted with mAbs with high affinity (KD ~ 10−9 M). Single amino acid substitutions of A, H, or Q in the peptides identified positions P1–P5 as critical residues for mAb-peptide interactions. CLUSTALW alignment of phage sequences with native LF implicated residues 644–650 (sequence T-H-Q-D-E-I-Y) as a putative linear epitope component located within a structural loop (L2) of LF Domain IV. The activation effects of these mAbs contribute to the analytic sensitivity of function-based LF detection assays.
Alphabétisation scientifique et technique : essai sur les finalités de l'enseignement des sciences

La notion d'alphabetisation scientifico-technique renvoit a l'education de base de toutes et de tous. Le principe d'un besoin en cette matiere est rarement mis en question. Mais, lorsqu'il s'agit de passer aux realisations et aux decisions institutionnelles, les debats et controverses surgissent. On s'apercoit de la presence de multiple enjeux, depuis les visees socio-culturelles jusqu'aux interets de groupes sociaux precis, comme, par exemple, celui des enseignants des siences. L'ouvrage ne veut pas conclure le debat mais l'introduire. Il interroge sur les finalites des enseignements scientifiques et techniques (tire de la preface).
Integrating problem solving and knowledge construction through dual mapping

Learning through problem solving has been regarded as an important approach to constructivist learning. However, how practice and knowledge reciprocate each other has not been sufficiently examined and remains implicit. Although problem-based learning is increasingly used in medical education and other domains, there is a concern about its weakness in general study design in relation to its impact on learners’ knowledge base. Considering the complex cognitive processes involved in learning through problem solving, this study proposes a dual mapping learning environment, serving as a visual affordance for improving problem solving and underlying knowledge construction processes as well as the transformation between the two. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel. 2012.04. 021
Synaptic Defects in a Drosophila Model of Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

The congenital muscular dystrophies present in infancy with muscle weakness and are often associated with mental retardation. Many of these inherited disorders share a common etiology: defective O-glycosylation of α-dystroglycan, a component of the dystrophin complex. Protein-O-mannosyl transferase 1 (POMT1) is the first enzyme required for the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan, and mutations in the POMT1 gene can lead to both Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS) and limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2K (LGMD2K). WWS is associated with severe mental retardation and major structural abnormalities in the brain; however, LGMD2K patients display a more mild retardation with no obvious structural defects in the brain. In a screen for synaptic mutants in Drosophila, we identified mutations in the Drosophila ortholog of POMT1, dPOMT1. Because synaptic defects are a plausible cause of mental retardation, we investigated the molecular and physiological defects associated with loss of dPOMT1 in Drosophila. In dPOMT1 mutants, there is a decrease in the efficacy of synaptic transmission and a change in the subunit composition of the postsynaptic glutamate receptors at the neuromuscular junction. We demonstrate that dPOMT1 is required to glycosylate the Drosophila dystroglycan ortholog Dg in vivo, and that this is the likely cause of these synaptic defects because (1) mutations in Dg lead to similar synaptic defects and (2) genetic interaction studies suggest that dPOMT1 and Dg function in the same pathway. These results are consistent with the model that dPOMT1-dependent glycosylation of Dg is necessary for proper synaptic function and raise the possibility that similar synaptic defects occur in the congenital muscular dystrophies.
Disposition and metabolism of the hypoglycemic agent pioglitazone in rats.

The disposition and metabolism of [3H]pioglitazone was determined in male rats after oral administration. The peak plasma concentration of 10 micrograms/ml occurred 1 hr after dosing at 10 mg/kg p.o. ; the apparent plasma terminal half-life was 7.5 hr. Most of the radioactivity in plasma up to 8 hr after dosing was due to the parent drug. Pioglitazone was highly protein-bound in plasma; only 1-2% was free at concentrations of 0.1-10 micrograms/ml. Within 3 days after oral administration to bile duct-cannulated rats, 36% and 15% of the oral dose was recovered in the bile and urine, respectively. The pattern of biliary and urinary metabolites was similar. A total of eight metabolites were isolated and identified on the basis of NMR spectroscopy and MS. Metabolites resulting from hydroxylation of either carbon adjacent to the pyridine ring were conjugated with glucuronic acid (M7) or sulfuric acid (M6). The metabolite hydroxylated on the terminal carbon of the ethyl side chain was further oxidized to the carboxylic acid derivative (M3). Oxidative loss of the terminal carbon led to a nicotinic acid derivative (M2) and loss of both carbon atoms to the corresponding 3-hydroxypyridine (M9) derivative that was excreted as the sulfate conjugate (M8). The two carboxylic acid metabolites were also conjugated with taurine (M4 and M5).
Exploring the Effects of Strategy and Arousal of Cueing in Computer-Human Persuasion

In this paper, we explore how different strategy (explicit vs. implicit) and arousal (high vs. low) of cueing influence the process of Computer-Human Persuasion. In particular, we study the impact of various combinations of text-based reminder and screen motions at different speed on the attention, comprehension, yielding, retention, as well as perception of heavy computer users in terms of the need of stretch and change sitting posture. Results suggest that hybrid cueing mechanics, especially with low arousal, were more effective and acceptable in general, while high-arousal cueing may be more suitable for less motivated users.
Transcription Activation by FNR: Evidence for a Functional Activating Region 2

ABSTRACT The FNR protein of Escherichiacoli controls the transcription of target genes in response to anoxia via the assembly-disassembly of oxygen-labile iron-sulfur clusters. Previous work identified patches of surface-exposed amino acids (designated activating regions 1 and 3 [AR1 and AR3, respectively]) of FNR which allow it to communicate with RNA polymerase (RNAP) and thereby activate transcription. Previously it was thought that FNR lacks a functional activating region 2 (AR2), although selecting for mutations that compensate for defective AR1 or a miscoordinated iron-sulfur cluster can reactivate AR2. Here we show that the substitution of two surface-exposed lysine residues (Lys49 and Lys50) of FNR impaired transcription from class II (FNR box centered at −41.5) but not class I (FNR box centered at −71.5) FNR-dependent promoters. The degree of impairment was greater when a negatively charged residue (Glu) replaced either Lys49 or Lys50 than when uncharged amino acid Ala was substituted. Oriented heterodimers were used to show that only the downstream subunit of the FNR dimer was affected by the Lys→Ala substitutions at a class II promoter. Site-directed mutagenesis of a negatively charged patch (162EEDE165) within the N-terminal domain of the RNAP α subunit that interacts with the positively charged AR2 of the cyclic AMP receptor protein suggested that Lys49 and Lys50 of FNR interact with this region of the α subunit of RNAP. Thus, it was suggested that Lys49 and Lys50 form part of a functional AR2 in FNR.
A Range Based Localization Error Minimization Technique for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of low cost, tiny sensor that communicates with each other and transmit sensory data to its base station/sink. The sensor network has been adopted by various industries and organization for their ease of use and is considered to be the most sorted future paradigm. The sensor devices are remotely deployed and powered by batteries. Preserving the energy of sensor devices is most desired. To preserve the battery efficient routing technique is needed. Most routing technique required prior knowledge of sensor nodes location in order to provide energy efficiency. Many existing technique have been proposed in recent time to determine the position of sensor nodes. The existing technique proposed so for suffers in estimating the likelihood of localization error. Reducing the error in localization is most desired. This work present a TOA (Time-of-Arrival) based localization technique and also present adaptive information estimation model to reduce/approximate the localization error in wireless sensor network. The author compares our proposed localization model with existing protocol and analyses its efficiency.
Effect of breastfeeding on cognitive development of infants born small for gestational age

Breastfeeding during infancy appears to result in enhanced cognitive development during childhood, but it is not known whether breastfeeding should be encouraged for infants born small for gestational age (SGA) whose growth might otherwise benefit from nutritional supplementation. To address this issue, duration of exclusive breastfeeding and cognitive development were evaluated prospectively for 220 term children born SGA and 299 term children born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Cognitive development was assessed using the Bayley Scale of Infant Development at 13 mo and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence at 5 y of age. Infants born SGA were given supplemental foods significantly earlier than those born AGA. Growth of infants born SGA was not related to early nutritional supplementation. The salutary effect of exclusive breastfeeding on cognitive development was greater for children born SGA than for those born AGA. Based on a linear association between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and intelligence quotient (IQ), children born SGA and exclusively breastfed for 24 wk were predicted to have an 11‐point IQ advantage over those breastfed for 12 wk, as opposed to a 3‐point advantage for children born AGA with similar durations of breastfeeding. The IQ distribution of children born SGA and exclusively breastfed for more than 12 wk was not different from that of all children born AGA.
Temperature control of larval dispersal and the implications for marine ecology, evolution, and conservation

Temperature controls the rate of fundamental biochemical processes and thereby regulates organismal attributes including development rate and survival. The increase in metabolic rate with temperature explains substantial among-species variation in life-history traits, population dynamics, and ecosystem processes. Temperature can also cause variability in metabolic rate within species. Here, we compare the effect of temperature on a key component of marine life cycles among a geographically and taxonomically diverse group of marine fish and invertebrates. Although innumerable lab studies document the negative effect of temperature on larval development time, little is known about the generality versus taxon-dependence of this relationship. We present a unified, parameterized model for the temperature dependence of larval development in marine animals. Because the duration of the larval period is known to influence larval dispersal distance and survival, changes in ocean temperature could have a direct and predictable influence on population connectivity, community structure, and regional-to-global scale patterns of biodiversity.
Aneurysm-Specific miR-221 and miR-146a Participates in Human Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Altered microRNA expression is implicated in cardiovascular diseases. Our objective was to determine microRNA signatures in thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) compared with control non-aneurysmal aortic specimens. We evaluated the expression of fifteen selected microRNA in human TAA and AAA operative specimens compared to controls. We observed significant upregulation of miR-221 and downregulation of miR-1 and -133 in TAA specimens. In contrast, upregulation of miR-146a and downregulation of miR-145 and -331-3p were found only for AAA specimens. Upregulation of miR-126 and -486-5p and downregulation of miR-30c-2*, -155, and -204 were observed in specimens of TAAs and AAAs. The data reveal microRNA expression signatures unique to aneurysm location and common to both thoracic and abdominal pathologies. Thus, changes in miR-1, -29a, -133a, and -221 are involved in TAAs and miR-145, -146, and -331-3p impact AAAs. This work validates prior studies on microRNA expression in aneurysmal diseases.
Self-paced model learning for robust visual tracking

In visual tracking, learning a robust and efficient appearance model is a challenging task. Model learning determines both the strategy and the frequency of model updating, which contains many details that could affect the tracking results. Self-paced learning (SPL) has recently been attracting considerable interest in the fields of machine learning and computer vision. SPL is inspired by the learning principle underlying the cognitive process of humans, whose learning process is generally from easier samples to more complex aspects of a task. We propose a tracking method that integrates the learning paradigm of SPL into visual tracking, so reliable samples can be automatically selected for model learning. In contrast to many existing model learning strategies in visual tracking, we discover the missing link between sample selection and model learning, which are combined into a single objective function in our approach. Sample weights and model parameters can be learned by minimizing this single objective function. Additionally, to solve the real-valued learning weight of samples, an error-tolerant self-paced function that considers the characteristics of visual tracking is proposed. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our tracker on a recent tracking benchmark data set with 50 video sequences.
One Size Does Not Fit All: Different Cultures Require Different Information Systems Security Interventions

Employees’ non-compliance with information systems (IS) security policies is a key concern for organizations. Previous studies have proposed different explanations for employees’ behavior, such as the use of sanctions and monitoring, fear appeal and training, which represent different paradigms of learning. Previous works do not test the validity of their models or methods across different cultural settings. Based on interviews in four countries, we argue that while information security behaviors are learned, different paradigms of learning are effective in different cultures; i.e., different cultures require different IS security interventions. What is even more important is that by providing non-preferred IS security interventions (e.g., monitoring/sanctions in Switzerland) were negative for improving information security. This study has implications for IS security research, editors, and practitioners. For scholars, we urge them to not only validate, but also test their models in different countries. The implication for editors is the need to re-consider their reviewing policy and accept papers that also show the limits of their model (not positive results) in some countries. From a managerial perspective, our findings suggest that different cultures require different IS security interventions.
Parallel multilevel preconditioners

In this paper, we shall report on some techniques for the development of preconditioners for the discrete systems which arise in the approximation of solutions to elliptic boundary value problems. Here we shall only state the resulting theorems. It has been demonstrated that preconditioned iteration techniques often lead to the most computationally effective algorithms for the solution of the large algebraic systems corresponding to boundary value problems in two and three dimensional Euclidean space. The use of preconditioned iteration will become even more important on computers with parallel architecture. This paper discusses an approach for developing completely parallel multilevel preconditioners. In order to illustrate the resulting algorithms, we shall describe the simplest application of the technique to a model elliptic problem.
Dichotomizing stroke outcomes based on self-reported dependency

Patients participating in a clinical trial of stroke therapy were assessed 3 months after randomization using the Barthel Index, the Modified Rankin Scale, questions on activities of daily living, and extent of recovery. Those who needed help in performing the activities of daily living and had not recovered completely were classified as dependent. Self-reported dependency had a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 80% against the Barthel Index dichotomized at 16 or below, or a sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 87% against the Modified Rankin Scale dichotomized at 2 or above.