Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Poly[(μ3-quinoline-6-carboxylato-κ3 N:O:O′)silver(I)]

In the title coordination polymer, [Ag(C10H6NO2)]n, the AgI cation is coordinated by two O atoms and one N atom from three 6-quinolinecarboxylate anions in a distorted T-shaped AgNO2 geometry, in which the O—Ag—O angle is 160.44 (9)°. The 6-quinolinecarboxylate anion bridges three Ag+ cations, forming a nearly planar polymeric sheet parallel to (101). The distance between Ag+ cations bridged by the carboxyl group is 2.9200 (5) Å. In the crystal, π–π stacking is observed between parallel quinoline ring systems, the centroid–centroid distance being 3.7735 (16) Å.
Disentangling Linkage Disequilibrium and Linkage From Dense Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Trio Data

Parent-offspring trios are widely collected for disease gene-mapping studies and are being extensively genotyped as part of the International HapMap Project. With dense maps of markers on trios, the effects of LD and linkage can be separated, allowing estimation of recombination rates in a model-free setting. Here we define a model-free multipoint method on the basis of dense sequence polymorphism data from parent-offspring trios to estimate intermarker recombination rates. We use simulations to show that this method has up to 92% power to detect recombination hotspots of intensity 25 times background over a region of size 10 kb typed at density 1 marker per 2.5 kb and almost 100% power to detect large hotspots of intensity >125 times background over regions of size 10 kb typed with just 1 marker per 5 kb (α = 0.05). We found strong agreement at megabase scales between estimates from our method applied to HapMap trio data and estimates from the genetic map. At finer scales, using Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) pedigree data across a 10-Mb region of chromosome 20, a comparison of population recombination rate estimates obtained from our method with estimates obtained using a coalescent-based approximate-likelihood method implemented in PHASE 2.0 shows detection of the same coldspots and most hotspots: The Spearman rank correlation between the estimates from our method and those from PHASE is 0.58 (p < 2.2−16).
Análise comparativa de métodos de otimização aplicados à sintonia do controlador PI

Este trabalho apresenta a an alise comparativa de algumas metodologias de otimiza- c~ao determin stica e heur stica, aplicadas a um problema cl assico da teoria de controle. O intuito e determinar os par^ametros de sintonia do controlador Proporcional e Integral (PI). O controlador PI e utilizado para controlar a velocidade do motor de corrente cont nua. E desenvolvido o modelo matem atico do motor de corrente cont nua de excita c~ao independente e do conversor CA-CC que e utilizado em seu acionamento. A partir do modelo matem atico, e desenvolvido o modelo computacional, para realizar a an alise de um motor CC comercial. A m de validar o modelo computacional, uma bancada did atica e constru da, ensaios s~ao realizados e os resultados da compara c~ao entre os m etodos de otimiza c~ao s~ao apresentados.
Cellular Redox Activity of Coenzyme Q 10 : Effect of CoQ 10 Supplementation on Human Skeletal Muscle

In this paper, we report results obtained from a continuing clinical trial on the effect of coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10 ) administration on human vastus lateralis (quadriceps) skeletal muscle. Muscle samples, obtained from aged individuals receiving placebo or CoQ 10 supplementation (300 mg per day for four weeks prior to hip replacement surgery) were analysed for changes in gene and protein expression and in muscle fibre type composition. Microarray analysis (Affymetrix U95A human oligonucleotide array) using a change in gene expression of 1.8-fold or greater as a cutoff point, demonstrated that a total of 115 genes were differentially expressed in six subject comparisons. In the CoQ 10 -treated subjects, 47 genes were up-regulated and 68 down-regulated in comparison with placebo-treated subjects. Restriction fragment differential display analysis showed that over 600 fragments were differentially expressed using a 2.0-fold or greater change in expression as a cutoff point. Proteome analysis revealed that, of the high abundance muscle proteins detected (2086 - 115), the expression of 174 proteins was induced by CoQ 10 while 77 proteins were repressed by CoQ 10 supplementation. Muscle fibre types were also affected by CoQ 10 treatment; CoQ 10 -treated individuals showed a lower proportion of type I (slow twitch) fibres and a higher proportion of type IIb (fast twitch) fibres, compared to age-matched placebo-treated subjects. The data suggests that CoQ 10 treatment can act to influence the fibre type composition towards the fibre type profile generally found in younger individuals. Our results led us to the conclusion that coenzyme Q 10 is a gene regulator and consequently has wide-ranging effects on over-all tissue metabolism. We develop a comprehensive hypothesis that CoQ 10 plays a major role in the determination of membrane potential of many, if not all, sub-cellular membrane systems and that H 2 O 2 arising from the activities of CoQ 10 acts as a second messenger for the modulation of gene expression and cellular metabolism.
Composition and Metabolic Activities of Bacterial Biofilms Colonizing Food Residues in the Human Gut

ABSTRACT Bacteria growing in the human large intestine live in intimate association with the host and play an important role in host digestive processes, gut physiology, and metabolism. Fecal bacteria have been investigated extensively, but few studies have been done on biofilms that form on digestive wastes in the large bowel. The aims of this investigation were to investigate the composition and metabolic activities of bacterial communities that colonize the surfaces of food residues in fecal material, with respect to their role in the fermentation of complex carbohydrates. Fresh stools were obtained from 15 healthy donors, and food residues were separated by filtration. Adherent bacteria were removed by surfactant treatment for microbiological analysis and fermentation studies. Scanning electron microscopy and fluorescent in situ hybridization in conjunction with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to visualize intact biofilms. Results showed that bacterial populations strongly adhering to particulate matter were phenotypically similar in composition to unattached communities, with bacteroides and bifidobacteria predominating. Biofilms comprised a mixture of living and dead bacteria, and CLSM showed that bifidobacteria in the biofilms occurred as isolated dispersed cells and in microcolonies near the interface with the substratum. Fermentation experiments with a variety of complex carbohydrates demonstrated that biofilm populations were more efficient in digesting polysaccharides, while nonadhering communities fermented oligosaccharides most rapidly. Acetate was the principal fermentation product formed by biofilm bacteria, whereas higher levels of butyrate were produced by nonadherent populations, showing that the two communities were metabolically distinct.
Beneficial effects of resistant starch on laxation in healthy adults

Objective This randomized, double-blind crossover trial evaluated the effects of a type 3 novel resistant starch (RS) versus wheat bran (WB) on faecal weight, frequency, and consistency in healthy adults. Methods Following a 14-day baseline period during which subjects (n=14) consumed low-fibre (<2 g) test products, participants were assigned to receive 25 g RS or WB fibre daily for 14 days, then crossed over to the opposite treatment after a 7-day washout. Results Daily faecal output increased from 128.8±68.7 g at baseline to 164.2±88.4 g with RS and 194.5±92.0 g with WB (both P<0.02 versus baseline). No significant differences among the three conditions were observed for bowel movement frequency. Faecal consistency ratings were increased with WB (P=0.001), but unchanged with RS. Conclusions Dietary RS and WB increase faecal output in healthy adults.
Leakage reduction in ultra deep sub micron technology

Leakage power is a major issue of concern in Deep Sub-Micron (DSM) and Ultra Deep Sub-micron technology (UDSM) in CMOS circuit design. LECTOR-EP (LECTOR technique with extra PMOS), LECTOR-EN (LECTOR technique with extra NMOS) and Double LECTOR techniques have been proposed in this paper to reduce the leakage. Due to increase in resistance for the path from Vdd to ground, substantial reduction in leakage is obtained in comparison to CMOS circuits. Leakage performance for NAND gate with CMOS, LECTOR and proposed configurations have been performed and compared. The proposed circuits offer improved leakage performance than LECTOR technique. Simulation has been done using Synopsys HSPICE tool for 32 nm technology at 25° C and 110° C.
Analysis of angular spread characteristics of mobile radio wave dispersion through foliage

In this paper, the effect of the foliage on the radio wave propagation has been analyzed by using the SAGE algorithm. It has been shown that the estimates given by SAGE algorithm agree well with the geometry of the measurement site. The analysis results show that the azimuth direction spread for V polarization is always more than that for H polarization, and the opposite is true in the case of co-elevation direction spread. The average azimuth direction spread was found to be about 25° and the average co-elevation direction spread was about 6°.
The emergence and early development of autobiographical memory.

The authors provide a new framework that integrates autobiographical memory with other early achievements (e.g., gesturing, language, concept formation). In this theory, the emergence and early development of autobiographical memory does not require the invocation of specialized neurological or multiple memory mechanisms but rather arises as a natural consequence of developments in related domains including in the "software" that drives general memory functioning. In particular, autobiographical memory emerges contemporaneously with the cognitive self, a knowledge structure whose features serve to organize memories of experiences that happened to "me. " Because this cognitive self emerges in the 2nd year of life, the lower limit for early autobiographical memories is set at about 2 years, with subsequent accumulation of memories linked to improvements in children's ability to maintain information in storage.
Market clearing framework for an integrated market for manually activated control reserves and redispatch in Switzerland

A core function of each Transmission System Operator is the procurement of Ancillary Services (AS) necessary for a stable and reliable operation of the system. This paper presents the basis of a new market design in self-scheduling market structures, that is to be implemented in the future. The new design aims at an optimal deployment of manually activated AS products for a secure and balanced operation of the transmission network. Such products are currently being activated for different operational goals, although they have common technical characteristics. Possible positive outcomes from the establishment of such a market would be to combine the advantages of various products, eliminate arbitrage possibilities and have one common and liquid marketplace. To this end, a Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow was invoked, able to also accommodate consideration of uncertainties. The developed algorithm was used to evaluate specific cases in the Swiss power system.
Impact of Autologous Dendritic Cell–Based Immunotherapy (AGS-004) on B- and T-Cell Subset Changes and Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract:We previously reported that a combination of antiretroviral therapy with 4 monthly injections of each patient's own autologous dendritic cells (AGS-004) electroporated with CD40 ligand and with HIV RNA antigens obtained from each patient's own pre-antiretroviral therapy plasma induced HIV-specific CD8 T-cell responses in 10 patients. To assess other AGS-004–induced immune changes, we evaluated the modifications in B- and T-cell subsets and the level of immune activation in these patients. The proportion of Bm1 naive cells was increased along with an augmentation of the proliferation marker Ki67. Memory B-cell frequency, CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets, regulatory T-cell frequency, and CD38/HLA-DR/PD-1 T-cell activation levels remained unchanged after AGS-004 dendritic cell immunotherapy.
Fotemustine, teniposide and dexamethasone in treating patients with CNS lymphoma.

PURPOSE We developed and evaluated a regimen including fotemustine, teniposide and dexamethasone (FTD) for treating patients with central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma based on pharmacokinetic properties of individual agents and in combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a comparison study, 8 patients with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and 8 with secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) were treated with FTD (comprising fotemustine 100 mg/m2, 1h infusion, day 1; teniposide 60 mg/m2, >0.5 h infusion, on day 2, 3, 4; dexamethasone 40 mg, 1h infusion, on day 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5; and methotrexate 12 mg, cytosine arabinoside 50 mg plus dexamethasone 5 mg intrathecally, on day 2 and 7). Cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. After response assessment, patients received whole brain radiotherapy. RESULTS Of the 8 PCNSL patients, 4 (50%) achieved CR and 3 (38%) PR, an overall response rate of 88%. Four patients (50%) were in continuing remission at the end of this study after a median follow-up of 30 months (range 10 to 56 months). Of the 8 SCNSL patients the overall response rate was 63% (CR+PR:38%+25%). All responses were achievable with predictable toxicity mainly reflecting reversible myelosuppression. CONCLUSION This study suggests that FTD could be an effective treatment for CNS lymphoma, and is worthy of further evaluation.
Artificial intelligence for mixed pixel resolution

Mixed pixels are usually the biggest reason for lowered success in classification accuracy. Aiming at the characteristics of remote sensing image classification, the mixed pixel problem is one of the main factors that affect the improvement of classification precision in image. How to decompose the mixed pixels precisely and effectively for multispectral/hyper spectral remote sensing images is a critical issue for the quantitative research. As Remote sensing data is widely used for the classification of types of land cover such as vegetation, water body thus Conflicts are one of the most characteristic attributes in satellite multilayer imagery. Conflict occurs in tagging class label to mixed pixels that encompass spectral response of different land cover on the ground element. In this paper we attempted to present a new approach for resolving the mixed pixels using Biogeography based optimization. The paper deals with the idea of tagging the mixed pixel to a particular class by finding the best suitable class for it using the concept of immigration and emigration.
Decomposition of the Doppler-Broadened Positron Annihilation Spectrum from the Surface of Graphene

We present a novel method for the analysis of the Doppler broadened spectrum of gamma photons emitted following the annihilation of surface trapped positrons with the electrons of bilayer graphene supported on polycrystalline Cu substrate. The method relies on the measurement of the energy of the Doppler shifted annihilation gamma photons in coincidence with the Auger electrons emitted following the decay of the contemporaneously produced annihilation induced hole. Through the selection of annihilation gamma corresponding to O KVV (adsorbed O), C KVV (graphene), and Cu MVV (substrate) Auger transitions, we have decomposed the annihilation gamma spectrum into spectral components representing annihilation of the positron with 1s electrons of C and O and 3p electrons of Cu. These experimentally derived Doppler broadened gamma line shapes agrees well with the theoretically derived model line shapes demonstrating the ability of our method to resolve a complex Doppler line shapes into its veiled electronic level constituents which has, heretofore, only been achieved through theoretical analysis. We have also demonstrated the reversibility of the analysis method by decomposing the Auger spectra into regions which corresponds to the annihilation gamma photons with a large Doppler shift or to Auger spectra correlated with annihilation gamma photons with a small doppler shift. The reverse analysis provides additional proof that Auger transitions following deep valence annihilations result in the emission of low energy electrons.
The CIO as a Political Player - Work in Progress

A review of the literature on the Chief Information Officer (CIO) emphasizes the importance of the role of politics in the activities of the CIO). Building on the approach established in Political Strategies Framework (Romm and Rippa, 2010) an empirical research program is described that will validate assumptions about this political role. The research will validate specific actions or attitudes which constitute political activity and relate these activities to stages in the systems development lifecycle. How this Political Strategies Framework can be the basis for further research on the political dimensions of the CIO role is explained in the final section.
Interventions to promote physical activity by older adults.

Physical inactivity has been established to be an independent risk factor for a range of chronic diseases and conditions that threaten the health of the nation. However, only a minority of the population is currently meeting the recommended levels of regular physical activity, which have been linked with important health and quality-of-life benefits. Older adults are at particular risk for leading sedentary lifestyles. This article provides an overview of factors associated with physical activity for older adults and also describes potentially promising interventions for promoting regular physical activity in this growing population segment. Examples of interventions undertaken at personal and interpersonal as well as broader levels of analysis (e.g., environmental) are provided. Major issues currently facing the field are discussed, including the ongoing challenge of developing assessment tools that are sensitive to the more moderate-intensity physical activities favored by older adults and the formidable task of combining clinical approaches with environmental and policy strategies aimed at combating this public health problem.
Pellicle formation in the malaria parasite

ABSTRACT The intraerythrocytic developmental cycle of Plasmodium falciparum is completed with the release of up to 32 invasive daughter cells, the merozoites, into the blood stream. Before release, the final step of merozoite development is the assembly of the cortical pellicle, a multi-layered membrane structure. This unique apicomplexan feature includes the inner membrane complex (IMC) and the parasite's plasma membrane. A dynamic ring structure, referred to as the basal complex, is part of the IMC and helps to divide organelles and abscises in the maturing daughter cells. Here, we analyze the dynamics of the basal complex of P. falciparum. We report on a novel transmembrane protein of the basal complex termed BTP1, which is specific to the genus Plasmodium. It colocalizes with the known basal complex marker protein MORN1 and shows distinct dynamics as well as localization when compared to other IMC proteins during schizogony. Using a parasite plasma membrane marker cell line, we correlate dynamics of the basal complex with the acquisition of the maternal membrane. We show that plasma membrane invagination and IMC propagation are interlinked during the final steps of cell division. Summary: We newly identify a Plasmodium-specific transmembrane protein of the basal complex termed BTP1. BTP1 dynamics during schizogony correlate with membrane invagination during the final steps of cell division.
The ADMA/DDAH pathway is a critical regulator of endothelial cell motility

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an inhibitor of nitric oxide production associated with abnormal blood vessel growth and repair, however, the mechanism of action of ADMA is not well understood. We studied the role of exogenous and endogenous ADMA in the regulation of cell motility and actin cytoskeleton in porcine pulmonary endothelial cells (PAECs) and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) from knockout mice that lack one of the enzyme metabolising ADMA, dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase I (DDAHI) as well as endothelial cells overexpressing DDAH in vitro. We show that ADMA induced stress fibre and focal adhesion formation and inhibited cell motility in primary pulmonary endothelial cells. The effects of ADMA depended on the activity of RhoA and Rho kinase and were reversed by overexpression of DDAH, nitric oxide donors and protein kinase G activator, 8-bromo-cGMP. ADMA also inhibited the activities of Rac1 and Cdc42 in cells but these changes had a minor effect on cell motility. Endogenous ADMA increased RhoA activity and inhibited cell motility in PMECs from DDAHI knockout mice and inhibited angiogenesis in vitro. These results are the first demonstration that metabolism of cardiovascular risk factor ADMA regulates endothelial cell motility, an important factor in angiogenesis and vascular repair.
Why are small and large numbers enumerated differently? A limited-capacity preattentive stage in vision.

"Subitizing," the process of enumeration when there are fewer than 4 items, is rapid (40-100 ms/item), effortless, and accurate. "Counting," the process of enumeration when there are more than 4 items, is slow (250-350 ms/item), effortful, and error-prone. Why is there a difference in the way the small and large numbers of items are enumerated? A theory of enumeration is proposed that emerges from a general theory of vision, yet explains the numeric abilities of preverbal infants, children, and adults. We argue that subitizing exploits a limited-capacity parallel mechanism for item individuation, the FINST mechanism, associated with the multiple target tracking task (Pylyshyn, 1989; Pylyshyn & Storm, 1988). Two kinds of evidence support the claim that subitizing relies on preattentive information, whereas counting requires spatial attention. First, whenever spatial attention is needed to compute a spatial relation (cf. Ullman, 1984) or to perform feature integration (cf. Treisman & Gelade, 1980), subitizing does not occur (Trick & Pylyshyn, 1993a). Second, the position of the attentional focus, as manipulated by cue validity, has a greater effect on counting than subitizing latencies (Trick & Pylyshyn, 1993b).
Database Machine Architecture in the Context of Information Technology Evolution

Demands for more effective information management, coupled with advances in computer hardware and software technology, have resulted in the emergence of the information utility concept, whereby database computers specialized for information storage and processing can serve as information nodes. Such database computers can provide high-performance and high-reliability information management services to both conventional and "personal" computers. In this paper key advances in information technology, both hardware and software, are described. Special attention is devoted to three approaches to the development of more specialized information processing architectures: (1) firmware enhancement, (2) "intelligent" controllers, and (3) minicomputer "back-end" processors. These approaches are preliminary to the development of truly specialized high-performance, high-reliability database machine architectures. The DBC and INFOPLEX functional modular database machine architectures are presented as examples.