Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Entner-Doudoroff pathway empowers Pseudomonas putida KT2440 with a high tolerance to oxidative stress.

Glucose catabolism of Pseudomonas putida is carried out exclusively through the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway due to the absence of 6-phosphofructokinase. In order to activate the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) route we transferred the pfkA gene from Escherichia coli to a P. putida wild-type strain as well as to an eda mutant, i.e. lacking 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase. PfkA(E. coli) failed to redirect the carbon flow from the ED route towards the EMP pathway, suggesting that ED was essential for sugar catabolism. The presence of PfkA(E. coli) was detrimental for growth, which could be traced to the reduction of ATP and NAD(P)H pools along with alteration of the NAD(P)H/NADP(+) ratio. Pseudomonas putida cells carrying PfkA(E. coli) became highly sensitive to diamide and hydrogen peroxide, the response to which is very demanding of NADPH. The inhibitory effect of PfkA(E. coli) could in part be relieved by methionine, the synthesis of which relies much on NADPH. These results expose the role of the ED pathway for generating the redox currency (NADPH) that is required for counteracting oxidative stress. It is thus likely that environmental bacteria that favour the ED pathway over the EMP pathway do so in order to gear their aerobic metabolism to endure oxidative-related insults.
Ex-ante Expectation Errors and the Asset Growth Effect

We use consistency between extrapolative and informed expectations to test for the role of ex ante expectation errors in the asset growth anomaly and add new evidence for the mispricing explanation. We find that ex ante expectation errors are critical to the asset growth anomaly as well as to anomalies based on other capital investment measures. Our refined asset growth strategy is tradable and delivers stronger abnormal returns and Sharpe Ratios than the ordinary asset growth strategy. Our approach reconciles with the observed composition of the abnormal return spreads, addresses the connection between growth reversal and the anomaly, and is compatible with the profitability premium. We are also able to generate findings related to firm size, limits to arbitrage, and earnings announcements that are in line with those in the literature.
From judicial truth to historical knowledge : the disappearance of persons in Argentina

The military dictatorship that began on 24 March 1976 brought two substantial changes to Argentina's intense history of military interventions and political violence in the twentieth century. First, the new regime instituted an unprecedented form of political crime - enforced disappearance - which condensed the State's will to exterminate. Second, by perpetrating the disappearances in covert actions it introduced a new practice of political killing. These characteristics also set Argentina's dictatorship apart from the other regimes that spread throughout Latin America's Southern Cone during that period.
Using emitters of opportunity to enhance track geo-registration in HF over-the-horizon radar

A skywave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) can detect and track aircraft or surface targets at ranges of 1000 to 3000 km by reflecting high frequency (HF) signals from the ionosphere. Coordinate registration (CR) is the process of registering OTHR tracks from radar to geographic coordinates. CR is often performed by ray-tracing through a real-time ionospheric model (RTIM). Opportunistic scatterers that produce identifiable radar returns from known reference points (KRPs) may also be exploited for CR. To complement traditional passive KRP sources, this paper investigates the use of uncooperative emitters of opportunity as active KRP sources to enhance OTHR track geo-registration accuracy. A method that utilizes a HF radio broadcast signal as an active KRP source for CR is presented and analyzed using experimental data from the Australian Jindalee OTHR network (JORN).
Lightweight Enhanced Collaborative Key Management Scheme for Smart Home Application

Key management is required to secure the smart home application in the context of Internet of Things (IoT). But, these applications might be unable to use existing Internet key management protocols because of the presence of resource limited nodes. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and secure key management scheme for smart homes. This solution is based on an existing collaborative scheme used to secure communication between a limited node and the network central device by offloading highly consuming cryptographic primitives to proxy nodes. To improve the security of this scheme, we propose to limit the participation in key derivation to the trustful proxies by integrating a trust management system. To assess our proposed solution, we introduce a security evaluation using Scyther tool and a formal validation concerning security properties. Then, we evaluate the computational costs to highlight energy savings.
Proteome analysis of the culture environment supporting undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem and germ cell growth

The therapeutical interest of pluripotent cells and ethical issues related to the establishment of human embryonic stem cell (ESC) or embryonic germ cell (EGC) lines raise the understanding of the mechanism underlying pluripotency to a fundamental issue. Establishing a protein pluripotency signature for these cells can be complicated by the presence of unrelated proteins produced by the culture environment. Here, we have analyzed the environment supporting ESC and EGC growth, and established 2‐D reference maps for each constituent present in this culture environment: mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder cells, culture medium (CM) and gelatin. The establishment of these reference maps is essential prior to the study of ESC and EGC specific proteomes. Indeed, these maps can be subtracted from ESC or EGC maps to allow focusing on spots specific for ESCs or EGCs. Our study led to the identification of 110 unique proteins from fibroblast feeder cells and 23 unique proteins from the CM, which represent major contaminants of ESC and EGC proteomes. For gelatin, no collagen‐specific proteins were identified, most likely due to difficulties in resolution and low quantities. Furthermore, no differences were observed between naive and conditioned CM. Finally, we compared these reference maps to ESC 2‐D gels and isolated 17 ESC specific spots. Among these spots, proteins that had already been identified in previous human and mouse ESC proteomes were identified but no apparent ESC‐specific pluripotency marker could be identified. This work represents an essential step in furthering the knowledge of environmental factors supporting ESC and EGC growth.
Learning and Forecasts about Option Returns through the Volatility Risk Premium

We use learning in an equilibrium model to explain the puzzling predictive power of the volatility risk premium (VRP) for option returns. In the model, a representative agent follows a rational Bayesian learning process in an economy under incomplete information with the objective of pricing options. We show that learning induces dynamic differences between probability measuresP and Q, which produces predictability patterns from the VRP for option returns. The forecasting features of the VRP for option returns, obtained through our model, exhibit the same behaviour as those observed in an empirical analysis with S&P 500 index options.
Examining the impact of socialization and information sharing and the mediating effect of trust on innovation capability

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interrelationship between trust, socialization, and information sharing on the buying firm’s innovation capability in the context of the buyer-supplier relationship (BSR). A nomological model is developed that examines the mediating role of relational capital (supplier trust) on the relationship between structural capital (socialization and information sharing) and innovation capability. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted on 357 US executives. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the hypothesized relationships. Findings Information sharing and formal socialization activities increased the buying firm’s trust in its key supplier. However, formal socialization activities within the context of the business environment did not have a significant direct impact on buyer’s innovative capabilities; but when mediated by trust, it positively impacted innovation capabilities. Informal socialization within the context of the social environment directly impacted innovation capabilities but trust did not mediate the relationship. Information sharing impacted trust and innovation significantly and trust mediated the impact of information sharing on innovation capabilities. Originality/value This study defines the formal and informal aspects of socialization and investigates its impact on trust and buyer innovation capabilities. This is one of the few studies that highlights the mediating role of trust between firms to facilitate innovation capability.
A unifying framework for bivalent multilocus linkage analysis of allotetraploids

An allotetraploid has four paired sets of chromosomes derived from different diploid species, whose meiotic behavior is qualitatively different from the underlying diploids. According to a traditional view, meiotic pairing occurs only between homologous chromosomes, but new evidence indicates that homoeologous chromosomes may also pair to a lesser extent compared with homolog pairing. Here, we describe and assess a unifying analytical framework that incorporates differential chromosomal pairing into a multilocus linkage model. The preferential pairing factor is used to quantify the probability difference of pairing occurring between homologous chromosomes and homoeologous chromosomes. The unifying framework allows simultaneous estimation of the linkage, genetic interference and preferential pairing factor using commonly existing multiplex markers. We compared the unifying approach and traditional approaches assuming random chromosomal pairing by analyzing marker data collected in a full-sib family of tetraploid switchgrass, a bioenergy species whose diploid origins are undefined, but with subgenomes that are genetically well differentiated. The unifying framework provides a better tool for estimating the meiotic linkage and constructing a genetic map for allotetraploids.
The Impact of Demographic and Educational Factors on International Students' Propensity to Trust: Implications for School Officials in Higher Education

The Impact of Demographic and Educational Factors on International Students’ Propensity to Trust: Implications for School Officials in Higher Education Samuel D. Brown Department of Educational Leadership and Foundations, BYU Doctor of Education School officials responsible for the growing international student populations struggle to find ways to help them navigate inconsistencies that may exist between federal regulations and institutional policies, and would benefit from increased understanding of ways to gain trust from diverse student populations. To determine whether student demographics might be related to propensity to trust, this study used the validated Propensity to Trust Scale (PTTS) by Frazier, Johnson, and Fainshmidt (2013), as well as a demographic questionnaire developed to measure students’ background and educational attributes. Responses to an online survey from 576 international students from 71 countries were collected from a large private institution of higher education in the Western United States. Basic inferential statistics, including Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis, identified differences among demographic groups within this student population. Findings indicated that students who were not native speakers of the dominant language had a lower propensity to trust than native English speakers, and female students had a lower propensity to trust than did male students. Findings also indicated that during the senior year of school propensity to trust was significantly lower than in earlier undergraduate years and in graduate school. Implications from this study include an emphasis on the value of considering individuals within their own unique cultural and educational contexts, and avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach to fostering trust with students. Additionally, school officials should not assume that propensity to trust is consistent among those with institutional similarities and must not stereotype students based on their backgrounds.
Cognitive and Clinical Factors Are Associated With Service Engagement in Early-Phase Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

We examined how neurocognition contributes to adherence with treatment in early-phase schizophrenia spectrum disorders, in context with clinical symptoms. A total of 148 patients were assessed with a broad neurocognitive test battery and clinical assessments including the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); service engagement was measured by the Service Engagement Scale (SES). Patients' ability to conceptualize (measure: Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence similarities) substantially influenced service engagement. Verbal fluency scores (measure: Delis-Kaplan Executive Functioning System semantic set shift) were significantly different between patients with high and low SES scores. Positive and excitative symptoms (measure: PANSS) contributed significantly in explaining service engagement. In the SES availability subscore, 18% of the variance resulted from PANSS positive and PANSS excitative symptoms and Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence conceptualizing ability. Some of the relationship between cognitive deficits and clinical outcome can be mediated by patients' ability to engage in arranging appointments, thereby benefiting from professional mental health care.
Molecules with multiple switching units on a Au(111) surface: self-organization and single-molecule manipulation

Three different molecules, each containing two azobenzene switching units, were synthesized, successfully deposited onto a Au(111) surface by sublimation and studied by scanning tunneling microscopy at low temperatures. To investigate the influence of electronic coupling between the switching units as well as to the surface, the two azo moieties were connected either via π-conjugated para-phenylene or decoupling meta-phenylene bridges, and the number of tert-butyl groups was varied in the meta-phenylene-linked derivatives. Single molecules were found to be intact after deposition as identified by their characteristic appearance in STM images. Due to their mobility on the Au(111) surface at room temperature, the molecules spontaneously formed self-organized molecular arrangements that reflected their chemical structure. While lateral displacement of the molecules was accomplished by manipulation, trans–cis isomerization processes, typical for azobenzene switches, could not be induced.
Growth of the Maize Primary Root at Low Water Potentials : II. Role of Growth and Deposition of Hexose and Potassium in Osmotic Adjustment.

Primary roots of maize (Zea mays L. cv WF9 x Mo17) seedlings growing in vermiculite at various water potentials exhibited substantial osmotic adjustment in the growing region. We have assessed quantitatively whether the osmotic adjustment was attributable to increased net solute deposition rates or to slower rates of water deposition associated with reduced volume expansion. Spatial distributions of total osmotica, soluble carbohydrates, potassium, and water were combined with published growth velocity distributions to calculate deposition rate profiles using the continuity equation. Low water potentials had no effect on the rate of total osmoticum deposition per unit length close to the apex, and caused decreased deposition rates in basal regions. However, rates of water deposition decreased more than osmoticum deposition. Consequently, osmoticum deposition rates per unit water volume were increased near the apex and osmotic potentials were lower throughout the growing region. Because the stressed roots were thinner, osmotic adjustment occurred without osmoticum accumulation per unit length. The effects of low water potential on hexose deposition were similar to those for total osmotica, and hexose made a major contribution to the osmotic adjustment in middle and basal regions. In contrast, potassium deposition decreased at low water potentials in close parallel with water deposition, and increases in potassium concentration were small. The results show that growth of the maize primary root at low water potentials involves a complex pattern of morphogenic and metabolic events. Although osmotic adjustment is largely the result of a greater inhibition of volume expansion and water deposition than solute deposition, the contrasting behavior of hexose and potassium deposition indicates that the adjustment is a highly regulated process.
Children dating childhood memories

How accurate are children when dating very long-term memories? Chinese and European Canadian 8-, 11-, and 14-year-olds (N=344) recalled and dated memories from before they went to school in a memory fluency task. Parents provided verification of children's memories and age estimates. Across all age and culture groups, a telescoping effect (i.e., events were dated as taking place more recently than they actually did) was found for earlier memories (before 48 months) and a reverse telescoping effect for later memories (after 48 months). Older children showed a greater tendency to telescope earlier memories and a weaker tendency to reverse telescope later memories than did younger children. Euro-Canadian children showed larger reverse telescoping than Chinese children. These are the first systematic findings concerning the accuracy of children's dating of very long-term memories. They shed new light on the phenomenon of telescoping and have implications for research on childhood amnesia.
Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Past Researches and Future Directions

Sustainable Entrepreneurship(SE) has emerged as a new area of scholarship in the field of entrepreneurship research which seeks to address social and environmental problems. Sustainable Entrepreneurship takes into account both social aspects and environmental effects and also considering the long-term economic and business consequences of new venture opportunities. The term 'sustainable entrepreneurship' combines two words, sustainability and entrepreneurship. However, research combining sustainable development and entrepreneurship is relatively new. The newness of the field offers tremendous opportunity to explore new ground and relationships in the field of sustainable entrepreneurship. This paper describes the concept of sustainable entrepreneurship, examines the past researches and outlines a prospective research agenda for further inquiry in the field of sustainable entrepreneurship
Phylogenetic Relationships of Varieties and Geographical Groups of the Human Pathogenic Fungus Histoplasma capsulatum Darling

ABSTRACT The phylogeny of 46 geographically diverse Histoplasma capsulatum isolates representing the three varietiescapsulatum, duboisii, andfarciminosum was evaluated using partial DNA sequences of four protein coding genes. Parsimony and distance analysis of the separate genes were generally congruent and analysis of the combined data identified six clades: (i) class 1 North AmericanH. capsulatum var. capsulatum, (ii) class 2 North American H. capsulatum var.capsulatum, (iii) Central American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum, (iv) South American H. capsulatum var.capsulatum group A, (v) South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatum group B, and (vi)H. capsulatum var. duboisii. Although the clades were generally well supported, the relationships among them were not resolved and the nearest outgroups (Blastomyces andParacoccidioides) were too distant to unequivocally root the H. capsulatum tree. H. capsulatum var. farciminosum was found within the South American H. capsulatum var.capsulatum group A clade. With the exception of the South American H. capsulatum var. capsulatumgroup A clade, genetic distances within clades were an order of magnitude lower than those between clades, and each clade was supported by a number of shared derived nucleotide substitutions, leading to the conclusion that each clade was genetically isolated from the others. Under a phylogenetic species concept based on possession of multiple shared derived characters, as well as concordance of four gene genealogies, H. capsulatum could be considered to harbor six species instead of three varieties.
Promoter polymorphisms of the CD14 gene are associated with atopy in Pakistani adults.

BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that promoter polymorphisms of the CD14 gene are associated with atopic asthma. However, the results of association studies in different populations are conflicting. This study aimed to investigate the possible association between the CD14 polymorphisms A-1145G and C-159T and atopic phenotypes in Pakistani cohorts. METHODS Healthy controls (n = 120) and atopic patients (n=220) were genotyped for the single-nucleotide polymorphisms C-159T (rs2569190) and A-1145G (rs2569191) using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The genotype and allelic frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Overall, strong associations were observed between both C-159T (P = .02; chi2 = 7.16) and A-1145G (P = .01; chi = 7.88) and atopy. The G allele of A-1145G was significantly associated with atopy (P < .009; chi2 = 6.72). When the data were stratified, the associations observed were due to the individual phenotypes: atopic asthma was significantly associated with A-1145G (P = .02; chi2 = 7.18), whereas the association between C-159T and atopy was attributed to patients with allergic rhinitis (P = .01; chi2 = 8.13). CONCLUSION In Pakistani adults, the A-1145G polymorphism is associated with atopic asthma, whereas the C-159T polymorphism is significantly associated with allergic rhinitis.
Low-Dose Targeted Complement Inhibition Protects against Renal Disease and Other Manifestations of Autoimmune Disease in MRL/lpr Mice1

Complement appears to play a dual role in the progression of systemic lupus erythematosus, serving a beneficial role in enhancing immune complex clearance, while serving a pathogenic role in inducing local inflammation. To investigate these different roles of complement in a therapeutic setting, MRL/lpr mice were treated with the targeted murine C3 complement inhibitor, CR2-Crry, from 16 to 24 wk of age (after the development of proteinuria). The targeting moiety, CR2, binds to C3 breakdown products deposited at sites of complement activation and has the potential to provide complement inhibition locally without causing systemic inhibition. Administration of CR2-Crry i.v. , at a dose of 0.25 mg once a week, was associated with a significant survival benefit, improved kidney function, and a significant reduction in glomerulonephritis and renal vasculitis. The presence of skin lesions and lung bronchiolar and vascular inflammation was also dramatically reduced by CR2-Crry treatment. CR2-Crry treatment also resulted in a significant reduction in autoantibody production, as measured by anti-dsDNA Ab levels, and did not cause an increase in circulating immune complex levels. These effects on autoimmunity and circulating immune complexes represent significant potential advantages over the use of Crry-Ig in MRL/lpr mice, a systemic counterpart of CR2-Crry. CR2-Crry localized preferentially to the kidneys in 16-wk MRL/lpr mice with a kidney-localized half-life of ∼24 h. Thus, targeted complement inhibition at the C3 level is an effective treatment in murine lupus, even beginning after onset of disease.