Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity analysis of the Catchment Modeling Framework (CMF) and use in evaluating two agricultural management scenarios

approved: John P. Bolte Gordon Matzke Watershed-scale fate/transport modeling of contaminants is a tool that scientists and land managers can use to assess pesticide contamination to stream systems. The Catchment Modeling Framework (CMF) is a catchment-scale fate/transport modeling tool. It was developed to help scientists and land managers assess the e ects of possible land-use decisions on water quality. This study performed a sensitivity analysis on the CMF using Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Testing (FAST) methods. The hydrology model and the pesticide model were analysed separately. Additionally, results of a local sensitivity analysis are compared to a global analysis. Finally, the model is used to assess the e ectiveness of two possible land-use strategies. The sensitivity analysis showed that initial soil moisture and porosity were the dominant rst-order parameters for the hydrology model. Combined, they yielded greater than 50% of the total rst-order sensitivity. Results from the local sensitivity analysis compared less than favorably with the global analysis. The sensitivity analysis of the pesticide model showed that initial soil moisture, porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity are the dominant rst-order parameters, again combining to yield greater than 50% of the total rst order sensitivity. The model was then used to assess the relative bene t of reducing the cultivated area of an agricultural catchment ( eld size) vs. reducing the amount of pesticides that land directly on the soil. Results show that reduction in eld size yields little bene t when compared to reducing the amount of pesticides landing on the soil. Management implications of this nding are explored.
Culturally-specific smoking cessation outreach in a rural community.

OBJECTIVE Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death, resulting in 443,000 US deaths per year. Rural adults have higher smoking prevalence and less access to tobacco dependence treatment than their urban counterparts. This study examined exposure to a culturally specific smoking cessation outreach intervention, assessing whether exposure was associated with cessation behaviors. DESIGN AND SAMPLE Post-test only quasi-experimental study. Targeted adult smokers (N = 251) living in a rural, economically distressed southeastern US county for at least 6 months. MEASUREMENTS Five outreach elements (brochures/pushcards, posters, print and radio advertisements, quilt made by local artisans) based on themes from focus groups with current and former smokers and paired with brief tobacco cessation counseling, and were delivered over 6 months in 2009-2010. Exposure and cessation behavior indicators were collected via cross-sectional random-digit dial survey. The total intervention exposure score was 4.8 (SD = 4.3, range 0-19). RESULTS Intervention exposure was associated with having talked to a health care provider about quitting smoking in the past 6 months and planning to quit smoking in the next 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Culturally specific outreach materials based on personal narratives are a promising population-based intervention to motivate rural smokers to consider cessation.
PCP: a program for supervised classification of gene expression profiles

UNLABELLED PCP (Pattern Classification Program) is an open-source machine learning program for supervised classification of patterns (vectors of measurements). The principal use of PCP in bioinformatics is design and evaluation of classifiers for use in clinical diagnostic tests based on measurements of gene expression. PCP implements leading pattern classification and gene selection algorithms and incorporates cross-validation estimation of classifier performance. Importantly, the implementation integrates gene selection and class prediction stages, which is vital for computing reliable performance estimates in small-sample scenarios. Additionally, the program includes automated and efficient model selection (optimization of parameters) for support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The distribution includes Linux and Windows/Cygwin binaries. The program can easily be ported to other platforms. AVAILABILITY Free download at http://pcp.sourceforge. net
An observation on inappropriate probiotic subgroup classifications in the meta-analysis by Lau and Chamberlain

php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). International Journal of General Medicine 2016:9 333–336 International Journal of General Medicine Dovepress
Absolute differential and integral electron excitation cross sections for atomic oxygen 7. The 3 P → 1 D and 3 P → 1 S transitions from 4.0 to 30 eV

We report the absolute differential and integral cross sections of the forbidden atomic oxygen /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/D (1.97 eV), and /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/S (4.19 eV), transitions for incident electron impact energies of 4.0 to 30 eV. The /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/D cross section was measured over the entire energy range while the /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/S transition was measured above 7 eV. The differential cross section (DCS) for the /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/D transition is strongly backward peaked at all incident energies, in agreement with theoretical calculations. The DCS for the /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/S transition varies considerably in shape over the energy range 7--30 eV. At the lower energies, the transition shows an axially forbidden shape (no intensity in the forward or backward direction) in agreement with the Thomas and Nesbet (1975) calculations. At higher energies (20--30 eV), the DCS has a remarkable drop near 70/sup 0/. The agreement between the DCS measured here and the previous measurements of Shyn and Sharp (1986) and Shyn et al. (1986) varies from fair to poor at different incident energies. The integral cross section (ICS) for the /sup 3/P . -->. /sup 1/D transition agreesmore » within experimental error with the measurements of Shyn and Sharp (1986) and the theoretical calculations of Henry et al. (1971) at 30 eV but is larger than the previous measurements by a factor of approximately 1.3 down to 15 eV and a factor of 2 near the 5 eV peak. « less
Address Assignment and Routing Schemes for ZigBee-Based Long-Thin Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been extensively researched recently. This paper makes two contributions to this field. First, we promote a new concept of long-thin (LT) topology for WSNs, where a network may have a number of linear paths of nodes as backbones connecting to each other. These backbones are to extend the network to the intended coverage areas. At the first glance, a LT WSN only seems to be a special case of numerous WSN topologies. However, we observe, from real deployment experiments, that such a topology is quite general in many applications and deployments. The second contribution is that we show that the address assignment and thus the tree routing scheme defined in the original ZigBee specification may work poorly, if not fail, in a LT topology. We thus propose simple, yet efficient, address assignment and routing schemes for a LT WSN. Simulation results and prototyping experiences are also reported.
Upper Cenozoic stratigraphy of South Westland, New Zealand

Abstract The upper Tertiary sequence in South Westland, exposed along the highly deformed vertical limb of the Coastal Monocline, rests unconformably on pre-Miocene rocks. The oldest unit, Awarua Limestone (Sl), is overlain conformably by the Tititira Formation (Sl-w), a deep-water sequence passing upwards from hemipelagic mudstone through distal and proximal turbidites (Kaipo Member) into a mass-flow conglomerate-sandstone complex (Long Reef Member). The Jackson Formation (? Tt), composed of highly deformed calcareous mudstone and muddy limestone, apparently overlies the Tititira Formation, although the possibility that it may have been emplaced tectonically cannot be discounted. Small intrusions of high-Al, low-K basalt and microgabbro cut the Jackson Formation in the Hope River area. A major unconformity, probably representing uplift and erosion of at least 2500 m, separates the Halfway Formation (Wo-p) from older rocks. The Halfway Formation is exposed only in the area immediately south of Halfway Bluf.
Ministerial Weights and Government Formation: Estimation Using a Bargaining Model

This article proposes a method to estimate relative ministerial weights in parliamentary democracies. Specifically, we present a bargaining model of government formation and estimate structural parameters of the model using data for (i) who the formateurs are, (ii) what each party's voting weight is, and (iii) what ministerial seats each party obtains. We also measure the effects of voting weights and formateur advantage on bargaining results. We apply our proposed method to the case of Japan. Our estimation results show that political players value pork-related posts (such as the Minister of Construction) much more than prestigious ones (such as the Minister of Foreign Affairs). We also find that there is a significant formateur advantage, whereas voting weights do not have a significant scale effect, which is consistent with the findings for European democracies.
Approximating rationality under incomplete information: Adaptive inferences for missing cue values based on cue-discrimination

In a highly uncertain world, individuals often have to make decisions in situations with incomplete information. We investigated in three experiments how partial cue information is treated in complex probabilistic inference tasks. Specifically, we test a mechanism to infer missing cue values that is based on the discrimination rate of cues (i.e., how often a cue makes distinct predictions for choice options). We show analytically that inferring missing cue values based on discrimination rate maximizes the probability for a correct inference in many decision environments and that it is therefore adaptive to use it. Results from three experiments show that individuals are sensitive to the discrimination rate and use it when it is a valid inference mechanism but rely on other inference mechanisms, such as the cues’ base-rate of positive information, when it is not. We find adaptive inferences for incomplete information in environments in which participants are explicitly provided with information concerning the base-rate and discrimination rate of cues (Exp. 1) as well as in environments in which they learn these properties by experience (Exp. 2). Results also hold in environments of further increased complexity (Exp. 3). In all studies, participants show a high ability to adaptively infer incomplete information and to integrate this inferred information with other available cues to approximate the naïve Bayesian solution.
The Socioeconomic and Institutional Determinants of Participation in India’s Health Insurance Scheme for the Poor

The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), which was introduced in 2008 in India, is a social health insurance scheme that aims to improve healthcare access and provide financial risk protection to the poor. In this study, we analyse the determinants of participation and enrolment in the scheme at the level of districts. We used official data on RSBY enrolment, socioeconomic data from the District Level Household Survey 2007–2008, and additional state-level information on fiscal health, political affiliation, and quality of governance. Results from multivariate probit and OLS analyses suggest that political and institutional factors are among the strongest determinants explaining the variation in participation and enrolment in RSBY. In particular, districts in state governments that are politically affiliated with the opposition or neutral parties at the centre are more likely to participate in RSBY, and have higher levels of enrolment. Districts in states with a lower quality of governance, a pre-existing state-level health insurance scheme, or with a lower level of fiscal deficit as compared to GDP, are significantly less likely to participate, or have lower enrolment rates. Among socioeconomic factors, we find some evidence of weak or imprecise targeting. Districts with a higher share of socioeconomically backward castes are less likely to participate, and their enrolment rates are also lower. Finally, districts with more non-poor households may be more likely to participate, although with lower enrolment rates.
Tectonic Evolution of the Wanan Basin, Southwestern South China Sea

Quantitative studies on the extension and subsidence of the Wanan Basin were carried out based on available seismic and borehole data together with regional geological data. Using balanced cross‐section and backstripping techniques, we reconstructed the stratigraphic deposition and tectonic evolution histories of the basin. The basin formed from the Eocene and was generally in an extensional/transtensional state except for the Late Miocene local compressoin. The major basin extension ocurred in the Oligocene and Early Miocene (before ∼16.3 Ma) and thereafter uniform stretch in a smaller rate. The northern and middle basin extended intensely earlier during 38.6–23.3 Ma, while the southern basin was mainly stretched during 23.3–16.3 Ma. The basin formation and development are related to alternating sinistral to dextral strike‐slip motions along the Wanan Fault Zone. The dominant dynamics may be caused by the seafloor spreading of the South China Sea and the its peripheral plate interaction. The basin tectonic evolution is divided into five phases: initial rifting, main rifting, rift‐drift transition, structural inversion, and thermal subsidence.
Impaired temporoparietal deactivation with working memory load in antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Abstract Objectives. Neuroimaging studies have shown abnormal task-related deactivations during working memory (WM) in schizophrenia patients with recent emphasis on brain regions within the default mode network. Using fMRI, we tested whether antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients were impaired at deactivating brain regions that do not subserve WM. Methods. Twenty-three antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 35 healthy individuals underwent whole-brain 3T fMRI scans while performing a verbal N-back task including 0-back (no WM load), 1-back (low WM load), and 2-back (high WM load) conditions. Results. Contrasting the 2-back and 0-back conditions revealed that patients deactivated default mode network regions to a similar degree as controls. However, patients were impaired in deactivating large bilateral clusters centred on the superior temporal gyrus with increasing WM load. These regions activated with the no WM load condition (0-back) in both groups. Conclusions. Because 0-back activation reflects verbal attention processes, patients’ persistent activation in the 1-back and 2-back conditions may reflect an inability to shift cognitive strategy with onset of WM demands. Since patients were antipsychotic-naïve and task performance was equal to controls, we infer that this impaired temporoparietal deactivation may represent a primary dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Lectures on finite precision computations

Foreword Iain S. Duff Preface General Presentation Notations. Part I. Computability in Finite Precision: Well-Posed Problems Approximations Convergence in Exact Arithmetic Computability in Finite Precision Gaussian Elimination Forward Error Analysis The Influence of Singularities Numerical Stability in Exact Arithmetic Computability in Finite Precision for Iterative and Approximate Methods The Limit of Numerical Stability in Finite Precision Arithmetically Robust Convergence The Computed Logistic Bibliographical Comments. Part II. Measures of Stability for Regular Problems: Choice of Data and Class of Perturbations Choice of Norms: Scaling Conditioning of Regular Problems Simple Roots of Polynomials Factorizations of a Complex Matrix Solving Linear Systems Functions of a Square Matrix Concluding Remarks Bibliographical Comments. Part III. Computation in the Neighbourhood of a Singularity: Singular Problems Which are Well-Posed Condition Numbers of Holder-Singularities Computability of Ill-Posed Problems Singularities of z ----> A - zI Distances to Singularity Unfolding of Singularity Spectral Portraits Bibliographical Comments. Part IV. Arithmetic Quality of Reliable Algorithms: Forward and Backward Analyses Backward Error Quality of Reliable Software Formulae for Backward Errors Influence of the Class of Perturbations Iterative Refinement for Backward Stability Robust Reliability and Arithmetic Quality Bibliographical Comments. Part V. Numerical Stability in Finite Precision: Iterative and Approximate Methods Numerical Convergence of Iterative Solvers Stopping Criteria in Finite Precision Robust Convergence The Computed Logistic Revisited Care of Use Bibliographical Comments. PartVI. Software Tools for Round-Off Error Analysis in Algorithms. A Historical Perspective The Assessment of the Quality of the Numerical Software Backward Error Analysis in Libraries Sensitivity Analysis Interval Analysis Probabilisitc Models Computer Algebra Bibliographical Comments. Part VII. The Toolbox PRECISE for Computer Experimentation. What is PRECISE? Module for Backward Error Analysis Sample Size Backward Analysis with PRECISE Dangerous Border and Unfolding of a Singularity Summary of Module 1 Bibliographical Comments. Part VIII. Experiments with PRECISE. Format of the Examples Backward Error Analysis for Linear Systems Computer Unfolding of Singularity Dangerous Border and Distance to Singularity Roots of Polynomials Eigenvalue Problems Conclusion Bibliographical Comments. Part IX. Robustness to Nonnormality. Nonnormality and Spectral Instability Nonnormality in Physics and Technology Convergence of Numerical Methods in Exact Arithmetic Influence on Numerical Software Bibliographical Comments. Part V. Qualitative Computing. Sensitivity and Pseudosolutions for F (x) = y: Pseudospectra of Matrices Pseudozeroes of Polynomials Divergence Portrait for the Complex Logistic Iteration Qualitative Computation of a Jordan Form Beyond Linear Perturbation Theory Bibliographical Comments. Part XI. More Numerical Illustrations with PRECISE: Annex: The Toolbox PRECISE for MATLAB Index Bibliography.
Data-intensive analysis for scientific experiments at the Large Scale Data Facility

The Large Scale Data Facility (LSDF) was conceived and launched at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) end of 2009 to address the growing need for value-added storage services for data intensive experiments. The LSDF main focus is to support scientific experiments producing large data sets reaching into the petabyte range with adequate storage, support and value added services for data management, processing and preservation. In this work we describe the approach taken to perform data analysis in LSDF, as well as for data management of the scientific datasets.
LVRT capability of single-phase grid-connected HERIC inverter in PV systems by a look-up table based predictive control

Nowadays capacity of the photovoltaic systems in the grid is remarkable and provides a major part of energy in the grid. Therefore, an abruption of these systems from the grid can create a damage to the grid. Unlike in the past that PV systems disconnected from the grid when a voltage drop occurred, nowadays these systems should have Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) capability. The PV system should stay connected to the grid at fault time and help to recover the grid voltage by injecting the reactive power like in a power plant or a custom power device. There are two important factors for single phase grid connected PV inverters. The first one is the structure of the inverter and the second one is the control part. In this regard, the HERIC inverter can be a good selection among the transformerless inverters for a PV system due to its high efficiency. For the control part, this paper presents a look-up table based Model Predictive Control (MPC) that is simple, fast and has soft behavior in tracking of the reference during LVRT. The proposed control method has been implemented in a 1 kW single-phase transformerless HERIC (Highly Efficient and Reliable Inverter Concept) inverter using an LCL filter.
Loss of junctophilin‐3 contributes to huntington disease‐like 2 pathogenesis

Huntington disease‐like 2 (HDL2) is a progressive, late onset autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder, with remarkable similarities to Huntington disease (HD). HDL2 is caused by a CTG/CAG repeat expansion. In the CTG orientation, the repeat is located within the alternatively spliced exon 2A of junctophilin‐3 (JPH3), potentially encoding polyleucine and polyalanine, whereas on the strand antisense to JPH3, the repeat is in frame to encode polyglutamine. The JPH3 protein product serves to stabilize junctional membrane complexes and regulate neuronal calcium flux. We have previously demonstrated the potential pathogenic properties of JPH3 transcripts containing expanded CUG repeats. The aim of this study was to test the possibility that loss of JPH3 expression or expanded amino acid tracts also contribute to HDL2 pathogenesis.
Estimación del tamaño de la muestra para pruebas de usabilidad

Una de las estrategias empleadas para asegurar que una interfaz satisfaga los requerimientos del usuario es la aplicación de pruebas de usabilidad. Cuando se aplican tales pruebas una de las incógnitas a despejar es el tamaño de la muestra. Dado que, realizar pruebas en forma extensiva es costoso, reducir al mínimo el número de participantes puede contribuir en gran medida a una gestión exitosa de los recursos de un proyecto. Aunque se han propuesto un número significativo de modelos para estimar el tamaño de la muestra en una prueba de usabilidad, todavía no hay consenso acerca del tamaño óptimo. Varios estudios afirman que de 3 a 5 usuarios son suficientes para descubrir el 80% de los problemas en la interfaz de un sistema. Sin embargo, otros tantos estudios cuestionan la validez de esta aseveración. El presente estudio analizó los datos obtenidos de las pruebas de usuario de una aplicación web para verificar la regla práctica conocida comúnmente como “el número mágico 5”. El resultado del análisis mostró que la regla de los 5 usuarios subestima significativamente el tamaño de la muestra requerida para conseguir niveles razonables de detección de problemas.