Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studying software organizations: in search of a method

As the level of analysis grows from the individual, to the team or group, to the organization, the research methods used has to evolve to manage the uncertainties brought on by size and scope. Software organizations provide a scenario that blends knowledge-intensive work with high velocities of change, making it possible to carry out insightful field research with shorter periods of immersion. While the nature of the problem being studied, significantly drives the choice of research design, our focus on understanding the sources of enterprise agility in software organizations lends itself to a process research design. Furthermore, the emphasis on generating theory led to using a combination of grounded theoretic methods and comparative case analysis. In this paper, we share the research approach developed, and provide examples of how the study was designed, the data collected, reduced and analyzed. We conclude with a set of six lessons learned that are applicable for engaging and collaborating with software organizations.
Fuzzy-Set Based Privacy Preserving Access Control Techniques in Cloud (FB-PPAC)

The word “Cloud” refers to network or internet. It is present at.remote location. Cloud computing is a latest mechanism used now-a-days for accessing, manipulating and configuring applications online via internet. It allows users for online data storage, various applications and infrastructure. There are few downsides of cloud computing like in public cloud sharing of data, selected data shared with users of various level without confidentiality and privacy of data. Different methods were used to fix this problem like encryption of attribute; encryption of access control but they have their own problems related to big computation for accquiring access structure, invoking and behavior management. So for removing these weakness, the combination of fuzzy-set theory and RSA algorithm has been introduced. Fuzzy-set is used for clustering the data based on their points. Further for privacy, I have included RSA for encryption and decryption of data which is used to store in cloud database. The analysis of my experiment shows the system is efficient, flexible and provides confidentiality of the data.
Automatic synthesis and technology mapping of combinational logic

SKOL, a system for the synthesis of combinational logic using a library of cells that emphasizes technology-mapping algorithms, is described. It combines current multilevel optimization techniques with a novel approach to technology mapping. Each factor (or the factorized Boolean equation) can be implemented by itself or collapsed into the higher level expression containing it, which is then implemented. An expression can be implemented in several ways, which differ in the degree of factorization. A number of selected implementations is evaluated and the one with minimal cost (area or delay) is chosen. The mapping algorithms are independent of the library of cells, which can be easily modified. Results from benchmark examples were better than or comparable to those for existing systems. <<ETX>>
PDZRN3 destabilizes endothelial cell-cell junctions through a PKCζ-containing polarity complex to increase vascular permeability

Inhibiting the E3 ubiquitin ligase PDZRN3 could stabilize endothelial cell connections to prevent vascular leakage. Destabilizing endothelial cell connections Interconnected endothelial cells that line blood vessels form a barrier between the circulatory system and tissues. The integrity of the intercellular junctions between endothelial cells regulates vascular permeability, which is the leakiness of blood vessels. In stroke patients, too much fluid can accumulate in the brain and cause irreparable damage. Sewduth et al. elucidated a signaling pathway mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase PDZRN3 that regulated endothelial intercellular junctions and vascular permeability. Developing mice that overexpressed Pdzrn3 in endothelial cells died of hemorrhaging in multiple tissues, whereas genetic ablation of Pdzrn3 in adult mice decreased the brain edema that occurred after stroke, an effect mimicked by a pharmacological inhibitor of PKCζ, a kinase that destabilizes endothelial intercellular junctions. Manipulating Pdzrn3 abundance in endothelial cells affected the localization of PKCζ to intercellular junctions, activation of PKCζ, and permeability. These results suggest that inhibiting PDZRN3 or its downstream effector PKCζ may prevent the pathological edema that occurs in conditions such as stroke. Endothelial cells serve as a barrier between blood and tissues. Maintenance of the endothelial cell barrier depends on the integrity of intercellular junctions, which is regulated by a polarity complex that includes the ζ isoform of atypical protein kinase C (PKCζ) and partitioning defective 3 (PAR3). We revealed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase PDZ domain–containing ring finger 3 (PDZRN3) regulated endothelial intercellular junction integrity. Endothelial cell–specific overexpression of Pdzrn3 led to early embryonic lethality with severe hemorrhaging and altered organization of endothelial intercellular junctions. Conversely, endothelial-specific loss of Pdzrn3 prevented vascular leakage in a mouse model of transient ischemic stroke, an effect that was mimicked by pharmacological inhibition of PKCζ. PDZRN3 regulated Wnt signaling and associated with a complex containing PAR3, PKCζ, and the multi-PDZ domain protein MUPP1 (Discs Lost–multi-PDZ domain protein 1) and targeted MUPP1 for proteasomal degradation in transfected cells. Transient ischemic stroke increased the ubiquitination of MUPP1, and deficiency of MUPP1 in endothelial cells was associated with decreased localization of PKCζ and PAR3 at intercellular junctions. In endothelial cells, Pdzrn3 overexpression increased permeability through a PKCζ-dependent pathway. In contrast, Pdzrn3 depletion enhanced PKCζ accumulation at cell-cell contacts and reinforced the cortical actin cytoskeleton under stress conditions. These findings reveal how PDZRN3 regulates vascular permeability through a PKCζ-containing complex.
Oronasal administration of lipopolysaccharide prepartum modulated plasma metabolite patterns in periparturient dairy cows.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether repeated oronasal administration of LPS before parturition showed effects on metabolic and clinical responses in periparturient dairy cows. Hundred Holstein dairy cows were randomly allocated to two treatment groups (n = 50). Thirty cows out of 100 were randomly assigned for intensive sampling (n = 15) started at 28 d before the expected day of parturition. Cows received an oral and a nasal treatment of 2 mL and 1 mL of sterile saline solution (0.15 M of NaCl), respectively, alone (control), or containing 3 increasing doses of LPS from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 as follows: 1) 0.01 μg/kg body weight (BW) on d ﹣28, 2) 0.05 μg/kg BW on d ﹣25, and ﹣21, and 3) 0.1 μg/kg BW on d ﹣18 and ﹣14. Blood samples were collected from coccygeal vein at different time points around parturition and analyzed for glucose, lactate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), cholesterol, and betahydro-xybutyrate (BHBA). Clinical monitoring of animals was done throughout the experiment at different time points for overall health status, udder edema (UE), manure score, and body condition score (BCS). Results showed that oronasal administration of LPS increased concentrations of glucose and cholesterol in the serum compared to the control group (P 0.05). Oronasal LPS did not influence BCS, manure score or the incidence of UE (P > 0.05). Overall, repeated oronasal administration of LPS modulated some serum metabolites related to energy metabolism around parturition in the treated cows. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind greater glucose and cholesterol status in the serum and their potential effects on long-term metabolic health status of dairy cows.
Jaillissement de l'esprit : Ordinateurs et apprentissage

L'ouvrage que voici nous presente une image passionnante de la pedagogie de demain : une collaboration des enfants et des ordinateurs. A l'heure actuelle, note Seymour Papert, mathematicien et disciple de Piaget, l'utilisation de l'ordinateur en pedagogie revient essentiellement a " programmer Ies enfants ". Sa maniere de voir inverse le processus, l'idee etant de mettre l'enfant reellement en mesure de programmer l'ordinateur, d'acquerir ainsi la maitrise d'une puissante technologie et d'entrer en contact avec quelques-unes des idees les plus profondes des sciences, des mathematiques et de 1'elaboration de modeles. Vision lointaine et hors d'atteinte ? Irrealisable ? Scenario de science-fiction ? Pas le moins du monde. La situation depeinte dans ce livre n'est en rien hors de la limite des possibilites des ordinateurs disponibles des a present pour l'usage scolaire. Au sein du groupe LOGO, qui opere dans le Laboratoire d'intelligence Artificielle du M.I. T. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), S. Papert et ses collegues ont cree un environnement d'apprentissage dans lequel les enfants conversent avec des ordinateurs le plus naturellement du monde. Et le present ouvrage nous montre comment des concepts fondamentaux de mathematiques peuvent etre saisis et maitrises par de tres jeunes enfants, grâce au maniement des techniques exposees ici tres en detail. Papert decrit comment fonctionne le systeme mis en oeuvre, comment les enfants apprennent et progressent, en tripotant, pataugeant et faisant des trouvailles, et il rapproche l'enseignement tire de ces experiences des theories sur le developpement cognitif - celles de Piaget, particulierement. Papert jette un regard sans complaisance sur la facon dont sont actuellement enseignees les mathematiques, et il demontre, en une brillante synthese mariant les mathematiques a la theorie cognitive, comment la " phobie des mathematiques " prend naissance dans nos salles de classe.
Metformin as Treatment for Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review

PURPOSE We wanted to determine whether metformin is an effective medication for treatment of overweight or obese adults who do not have diabetes mellitus or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS We searched MEDLINE (1966–2003), EMBASE (1986–2003), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (1985–2003), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–2003), the Cochrane Library, American College of Physicians Journal Club, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, reference lists of retrieved articles, and articles by selected authors and pharmaceutical manufacturers. Inclusion criteria were being obese or overweight determined by a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or greater or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) of more than 0.8, metformin use, and aged 18 years or older. Exclusion criteria were a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovarian syndrome or descriptors of polycystic ovarian syndrome, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and concomitant antipsychotic medications. Trials were graded on an 11-point Jadad scale. Only randomized controlled and blinded trials were accepted. Two reviewers independently extracted data from each trial. Primary outcomes measured were changes in BMI, WHR, and weight. RESULTS Fifty-seven potentially relevant studies were initially identified; 48 were excluded because of lack of randomization, lack of blinding, failure to meet inclusion or exclusion criteria, inaccessible outcomes, or improper study design. Nine clinical trials met criteria for validity assessment. Four studies used the parameter of waist-to-hip ratio, 3 studies included BMI, and 8 used weight. Two of the 9 studies showed a small reduction in WHR. CONCLUSION Insufficient evidence exists for the use of metformin as treatment of overweight or obese adults who do not have diabetes mellitus or polycystic ovary syndrome. Further studies are needed to answer this clinical question.
A Social-Ecological Perspective on Vulnerable Youth: Toward an Understanding of Sexual Development Among Urban African American Adolescents

The authors employ a social-ecological framework to aid our understanding of the complex array of factors in the immediate and broader environment that influence adolescent sexual development. Further, sexual development is viewed as normative and critical to positive growth. The authors provide an overview of the Two-Cities Study, a multi-stage qualitative investigation that aims to contribute to an understanding of sexual development and to illuminate gender differences in sexuality. The current studies focus on urban African American youth living in low-income neighborhoods, offering new data on sexual development among these youth.
Robust method for distinguishing heterozygous from homozygous transgenic alleles by multiplex ligation-dependent probe assay.

Transgenic mouse alleles continue to be used heavily in biomedical research (1). Transgenes insert into the genome at random sites, typically in a tandem array of 1 to 20 copies. Both Southern blot analysis and real-time PCR can be used for determining the zygosity of transgenes, but each have practical and technical limitations (2–4). Here we describe a robust, easily implemented method for determination of zygosity of transgene alleles, which gives a clear, reproducible distinction between 1 versus 2 alleles. The method uses the multiplex ligation-dependent probe assay (MLPA) with a competitor oligonucleotide. MLPA is a widely used method for assessing the relative copy number of multiple genomic sequences in a DNA sample (5). During MLPA, an oligonucleotide ligation reaction is performed, followed by PCR using a fluorescein-conjugated primer, such that the amount of PCR product generated for each genomic sequence is directly proportional to the number of input copies (Figure 1A, left). For this MLPA assay, genomic DNA samples were isolated from mouse tail or toe snips using the Puregene® Tail DNA method (Gentra, Minneapolis, MN, USA) and adjusted to approximately 50 ng/μL. Mice bearing four different Cre transgene alleles were studied: SynICre (6), TetOpCre (7), Nestin-Cre, and Wnt-Cre, as well as two other transgene alleles: the Sleeping Beauty transposon T2/Onc (8) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) (7). For each of the three transgenes analyzed, two MLPA probe sets were designed (see Supplementary Table S1 available online at www.BioTechniques. com) to have amplification products of size approximately 120 bp and approximately 170 bp. Three control probes elsewhere in the mouse genome were used, with amplification products ranging in size from 108 to 136 bp. Each probe set was composed of a 5′ and a 3′ half-probe, each containing unique target specific sequence, stuffer sequence, and universal primer Robust method for distinguishing heterozygous from homozygous transgenic alleles by multiplex ligation-dependent probe assay
Highly efficient 60 watt W-CDMA LDMOS power amplifier using the modified doherty configuration

The Classic Doherty achieves high efficiency in the bscked-off power region, but shows no improvement at the high power levels. In this paper, a Modified Doherty Amplifier is presented as a possible solution for multi-carrier W-CDMA power amplifier linearity and emciency requirements. A Modified Doherty Amplifier is capable of achieving high efficiency and improved gain over the bandwidth without sacrificing linearity.
Memenuhi Hak Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pendidikan Inklusif

Hak anak adalah bagian dari hak asasi manusia yang wajib dijamin, dilindungi, dan dipenuhi oleh orang tua, keluarga, masyarakat, pemerintah, dan negara. Hak anak yang wajib dipenuhi diantaranya adalah hak untuk memperoleh pendidikan dan pengajaran. Anak berkebutuhan khusus usia dini juga berhak mendapatkan layanan pendidikan. Anak berkebutuhan khusus usia dini yang ada di masyarakat belum semuanya mendapatkan layanan di pendidikan anak usia dini. Hal ini disebabkan karena keberadaan pendidikan anak usia dini belum mampu memberikan pelayanan sesuai dengankebutuhannya. Untuk memberikan pelayanan anak berkebutuhan khusus usia dini, maka pendidikan anak usia dini yang telah ada seharusnya dapat menerima dan melayani anak berkebutuhan khusus. Pelayanan pendidikan anak usia dini yang memberikan pelayanan bersama-sama antaraanak yang tidak mengalami hambatan dan anak berkebutuhan khusus disebut pendidikan anak usia dini inklusif. Pendidikan inklusif adalah sistem pendidikan yang menyertakan semua anak secara bersama-sama dalam suatu iklim proses pembelajaran dengan penyelenggaraan pendidikan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada semua anak secara bersama-sama dalam suatu iklim proses pembelajaran dengan layanan pendidikan yang layak dan sesuai kebutuhan individu siswa tanpa membedakan anak dari latar belakang suku, ras, status sosial, kemampuan ekonomi, status politik, bahasa, geografis, jeniskelamin, agama/kepercayaan, dan perbedaan kondisi fisik atau mental. Kata kunci: hak anak, anak berkebutuhan khusus usia dini, pendidikan inklusif
Microcontroller and operational amplifier based motion sensor

The paper presents a simple design and implementation of a Motion sensor. It enables to detect the movement of any things near the circuit. An Infrared sender and Infrared receiver is used. Infrared transmits a signal when circuit is ON and Infrared receiver receives signal when any things move around the Infrared sender.
The accuracy of primary care teams in diagnosing disorders of the shoulder.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this retrospective, observational study was to determine the accuracy of diagnoses given by a multitude of primary care services to patients referred to an orthopaedic upper limb surgeon with a focus towards shoulder pathology. METHODS Records of all patients referred to a single upper limb surgeon over a 1-year period were reviewed. The diagnosis in the primary care setting was compared with the initial working diagnosis in the specialist clinic and against the final diagnosis following specialist investigation/intervention. RESULTS 114 eligible patients were identified. General practitioners referred 35% of patients, musculoskeletal triage services referred 63% of patients and independent physiotherapists referred 2% of patients. It was found that 37% of patients were not given a diagnosis by the primary care team. When a diagnosis was given, accuracy was 50% (κ = 0.28) when correlated against that given by an orthopaedic upper limb surgeon. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that knowledge of shoulder conditions is limited amongst primary care practitioners. There does not appear to be any difference in accuracy between general practitioners and musculoskeletal triage services.
A noção de folksonomia: uma abordagem terminológica

O desenvolvimento tecnico-cientifico e as constantes mudancas conjunturais afetam o dominio da Ciencia da Informacao, area de especialidade de criacao recente. Tais mudancas na area se evidenciam em sua terminologia, principalmente com a insercao de novos termos, com destaque para o processo de criacao lexical do emprestimo. Diante de tal constatacao, selecionou-se um reconhecido neologismo da area, folksonomia , com o objetivo de desvelar as diferentes perspectivas terminologicas que corroboram a constituicao de sua designacao. A partir do trabalho terminografico de analise e sintese foi possivel nao so delimitar o carater designativo do termo, mas compreender mais profundamente as nuancas do proprio dominio de especialidade da Ciencia da Informacao.
Characteristics and trends of low‐dose quetiapine use in two western state Medicaid programs

Medicaid programs are concerned about inappropriate, potentially hazardous, and costly off‐label use of second‐generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Several states are exploring policies aimed at managing low‐dose quetiapine, commonly prescribed for off‐label conditions. This study aimed to characterize longitudinal trends and patient characteristics associated with low‐dose quetiapine in two state Medicaid programs. We further aimed to quantify changes in the use of quetiapine associated with a legal settlement that curtailed off‐label promotion of this product.
THE INFLUENCE OF FISH BEHAVIOUR ON SEARCH STRATEGIES OF COMMON MURRES URIA AALGE IN THE NORTHWEST ATLANTIC

Although distribution patterns of seabirds at sea have been described for decades, it remains difficult to identify the mechanisms underlying these patterns. For instance, researchers focusing on prey dispersion as the primary determinant of seabird distribution have found high variability in the spatial overlap of bird and prey aggregations, partially due to the scale-dependent nature of such associations. We conducted a study to identify how the behaviour of capelin Mallotus villosus, the primary prey species of all vertebrate predators in the Northwest Atlantic, influences the search tactics of Common Murres Uria aalge while acting as central-place foragers during chick-rearing. The study was conducted from 1998-2002 on and around Funk Island, the largest colony of murres in eastern Canada (∼ 400 000 breeding pairs , situated on the northeast coast of Newfoundland. We made direct measurements of (1) the distribution, a bundance and spatial and temporal persistence of capelin aggregations within the foraging range from the colony (∼ 100 km) in combination with (2) bio-physical habitat characteristics associated with capelin aggregations, and (3) individual- and population-level arrival and departure behaviour of murres from the colony. During July of 2000, capelin were found to be persistently abundant within specific 2.25 km blocks of transect ("hotspots"). Further study revealed that capelin persisted in hotspots due to bio-physical characteristics suitable for demersal spawning and for staging areas and foraging areas prior to and after spawning. Directions of return and departure flights of murres measured from the colony did not match during the same observation period (∼ 1h), indicating that murres departing the colony did not use information on prey distribution provided by the flight paths of flocks returning to the colony (Information Center Hypothesis). Specific, commuting routes (regular flight paths) of murres toward and away from capelin hotspots, however, were obvious at sea, and feeding murres consistently marked the location of these hotspots. This provided excellent conditions for murres to locate capelin from memory and by cueing to activities of conspecifics (local enhancement). Hotspots were persistent across years in this region, presumably allowing marine predators to learn the locations of hotspots, resulting in the use of traditional feeding grounds through generations. Hotspots of predators and prey promote energy transfer among trophic levels, a key ecosystem process. Human predators also concentrate fishing activities within these areas and, thus, there is a need to identify hotspots for protection. Persistent hotspots would be particularly amenable to the design of marine protected areas defined by the habitats of marine predators and their prey.
Switchable Microstrip Bandpass Filters With Reconfigurable On-State Frequency Responses

A switchable microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) with reconfigurable on-state frequency responses is proposed. The filter consists of a two-pole BPF and two switchable delay lines. The proposed filter features not only switch ability with an on-off ratio of 41.2 dB but also two on-state frequency responses: Chebyshev response and quasi-elliptic-function response. Experiment was carried out to validate the design concept, and the simulation agrees well with the measurement.