Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Veridical Mapping in the Development of Exceptional Autistic Abilities

Superior perception, peaks of ability, and savant skills are often observed in the autistic phenotype. The enhanced perceptual functioning model (Mottron et al., 2006a) emphasizes the increased role and autonomy of perceptual information processing in autistic cognition. Autistic abilities also involve enhanced pattern detection, which may develop through veridical mapping across isomorphic perceptual and non-perceptual structures (Mottron et al., 2009). In this paper, we elaborate veridical mapping as a specific mechanism which can explain the higher incidence of savant abilities, as well as other related phenomena, in autism. We contend that savant abilities such as hyperlexia, but also absolute pitch and synaesthe-sia, involve similar neurocognitive components, share the same structure and developmental course, and represent related ways by which the perceptual brain deals with objective structures under different conditions. Plausibly, these apparently different phenomena develop through a veridical mapping mechanism whereby perceptual information is coupled with homological data drawn from within or across isomorphic structures. The atypical neural connectivity characteristic of autism is consistent with a developmental predisposition to veridical mapping and the resulting high prevalence of savant abilities, absolute pitch, and synaesthesia in autism.
Seamless SPMIPv6-Based Handoff Scheme for Next-Generation Mobile Networks

In next-generation mobile networks (NGWNs), seamless service for users and handoffs between heterogeneous networks must be taken into account. In this paper, we propose a seamless proxy-based handoff scheme using the PMIPv6-based proxy model, which is able to improve the performance of handoffs in sensor-based mobile networks. Our scheme can efficiently support IP-based seamless mobility by reducing the search process. The performance results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the existing schemes in terms of Quality of Service (QoS), including such factors as throughput, handoff latency, packet loss, and signaling overhead.
Rhetoric and Reality

Despite evidence of the political salience of family issues, little work has been done to understand how Americans link family issues to their support of various parties and politicians. This study examines whether respondents think party/politician views on family issues are important and asks respondents to provide examples of relevant family issues. Using data from the 2003 Constructing the Family telephone survey conducted at the Indiana University Center for Survey Research, we find that most respondents claim that a party’s/politician’s views on family issues are important to them. Further analysis reveals that, among people who believe family issues are important, the belief is explained differently, with the sample split between a focus on the characteristics of policymakers as compared to the policy itself. The authors conclude that these differing approaches to family issues may stem from the patchwork system of legislation for families in the United States.
An analysis of the ghost augment in chiShona

There are two positions regarding the augment in chiShona. Doke (1931), Marconnès (1931), Fortune (1955) and Harford (1997) use vowel coalescence as the evidence for the existence of a ‘ghost’ augment (‘augment hypothesis’). They, however, provide no formal analysis. In contrast, Odden (1981) and Myers (1990) explain the same phenomenon as assimilation – an implicit denial of the existence of an augment (‘no augment hypothesis’). This article presents new evidence in support of the ‘augment hypothesis’, provides an Optimality Theory (hereafter OT) analysis and demonstrates that the ‘no augment hypothesis’ is indefensible.
On the origin of power laws in Internet topologies

Recent empirical studies [6] have shown that Internet topologies exhibit power laws of the form y = x α for the following relationships: (P1) outdegree of node (domain or router) versus rank; (P2) number of nodes versus outdegree; (P3) number of node pairs within a neighborhood versus neighborhood size (in hops); and (P4) eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix versus rank. However, causes for the appearance of such power laws have not been convincingly given. In this paper, we examine four factors in the formation of Internet topologies. These factors are (F1) preferential connectivity of a new node to existing nodes; (F2) incremental growth of the network; (F3) distribution of nodes in space; and (F4) locality of edge connections. In synthetically generated network topologies, we study the relevance of each factor in causing the aforementioned power laws as well as other properties, namely diameter, average path length and clustering coefficient. Different kinds of network topologies are generated: (T1) topologies generated using our parametrized generator, we call BRITE; (T2) random topologies generated using the well-known Waxman model [12]; (T3) Transit-Stub topologies generated using GT-ITM tool [3]; and (T4) regular grid topologies. We observe that some generated topologies may not obey power laws P1 and P2. Thus, the existence of these power laws can be used to validate the accuracy of a given tool in generating representative Internet topologies. Power laws P3 and P4 were observed in nearly all considered topologies, but different topologies showed different values of the power exponent α. Thus, while the presence of power laws P3 and P4 do not give strong evidence for the representativeness of a generated topology, the value of α in P3 and P4 can be used as a litmus test for the representativeness of a generated topology. We also find that factors F1 and F2 are the key contributors in our study which provide the resemblance of our generated topologies to that of the Internet.
Psychosis following Tramadol Withdrawal

Background: Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to sever pain. It has more advantage and less opioid adverse effects than conventional opioid analgesia. Case Report: This article reports a patient with tramadol dependency that had psychosis after tramadol withdrawal. Conclusion: By the increase of tramadol usage for relief of chronic pain, tramadol abuse and dependency is increased. Some of tramadol withdrawal symptoms are not related to opioid, for example when the effectiveness is not only on opioid receptors, but on catecholamine and serotonin receptors. So, together with typical symptoms of withdrawal, atypical symptomes had been reported. Psychosis is one of tramadol atypical withdrawal symptoms which subsided a few days after suppression of withdrawal symptoms. In such cases, the diagnosis is substance withdrawal instead of psychotic disorder due to substance withdrawal and treatment is based on this diagnosis.
Genome Sequence of Paracoccus contaminans LMG 29738T, Isolated from a Water Microcosm

ABSTRACT We announce here the complete genome sequence of Paracoccus contaminans LMG 29738T, which we recently isolated from a contaminated water microcosm. The genome consists of a 2.94-Mb chromosome and a 94-kb plasmid. To our knowledge, we provide the first DNA methylation analysis of a Paracoccus species.
Are all teenagers emotionally illiterate? Charting a neuroscientific storying of normative deficit

Defining ‘emotional illiteracy’ is a task located within the broader context of expert (and subsequently public) assumptions regarding the normally expectable competencies of the age group concerned. In the late 1990s a series of neuroscientific studies reporting adolescents' limited ability to recognize emotional states from facial expressions seemed to present radically new developmental benchmarks. Although these studies were subsequently subjected to considerable methodological and interpretive criticism, some incautious assertions regarding teenagers' general inability to respond appropriately, especially in emotionally charged situations, continued to flourish. This paper charts the creation and maintenance of these ideas over the past decade to illustrate how, when primary sources are not carefully checked, powerful messages for which there is dubious empirical evidence can become incorporated into expert advice. It also suggests the importance of linking neuroscientific claims to other strands of contemporary Western efforts to define and contrast normative and disordered emotional behaviour in adolescence.
Not all systematic reviews are created equal: Considerations for appraisal

Systematic reviews can be a tremendous asset in the implementation of evidence-based practice, because they minimize some of the most-documented barriers to evidence-based practice. For example, by reading systematic reviews, clinicians may save time that would otherwise be dedicated to locating and appraising individual studies. Further, clinicians can rely on someone else's reviewing expertise, which reduces the knowledge and skill burden otherwise imposed on them. However, empirical studies have repeatedly demonstrated that there is great variability in the quality of systematic reviews. Thus, in order to harness their potential, it is imperative that clinicians distinguish high-quality systematic reviews from those of low quality. In this paper, we aim to discuss considerations for appraising the quality of systematic reviews.
Distance-adaptive spectrum resource allocation in spectrum-sliced elastic optical path network [Topics in Optical Communications]

The rigid nature of current wavelength-routed optical networks brings limitations on network utilization efficiency. One limitation originates from mismatch of granularities between the client layer and the wavelength layer. The recently proposed spectrum-sliced elastic optical path network (SLICE) is expected to mitigate this problem by adaptively allocating spectral resources according to client traffic demands. This article discusses another limitation of the current optical networks associated with worst case design in terms of transmission performance. In order to address this problem, we present a concept of a novel adaptation scheme in SLICE called distance-adaptive spectrum resource allocation. In the presented scheme the minimum necessary spectral resource is adaptively allocated according to the end-to-end physical condition of an optical path. Modulation format and optical filter width are used as parameters to determine the necessary spectral resources to be allocated for an optical path. Evaluation of network utilization efficiency shows that distance-adaptive SLICE can save more than 45 percent of required spectrum resources for a 12-node ring network. Finally, we introduce the concept of a frequency slot to extend the current frequency grid standard, and discuss possible spectral resource designation schemes.
Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing (2005) Robust Global Registration

We present an algorithm for the automatic alignment of two 3D shapes (data and model), without any assumptions about their initial positions. The algorithm computes for each surface point a descriptor based on local geometry that is robust to noise. A small number of feature points are automatically picked from the data shape according to the uniqueness of the descriptor value at the point. For each feature point on the data, we use the descriptor values of the model to find potential corresponding points. We then develop a fast branch-and-bound algorithm based on distance matrix comparisons to select the optimal correspondence set and bring the two shapes into a coarse alignment. The result of our alignment algorithm is used as the initialization to ICP (iterative closest point) and its variants for fine registration of the data to the model. Our algorithm can be used for matching shapes that overlap only over parts of their extent, for building models from partial range scans, as well as for simple symmetry detection, and for matching shapes undergoing articulated motion.
Simulated effects of perianeurysmal bone on a cerebral aneurysm: A case study.

AIM Perianeurysmal structures can affect the hemodynamics and geometric evolution of intracranial aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to use computational models to explore the influence of contact with perianeurysmal bone on an intracranial aneurysm. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cerebral middle aneurysm in contact with an anterior clinoid process was selected. Two anatomic models were constructed from computed tomography angiography images: a non-contact model with elasticity of the entire aneurysm wall and a contact model with rigidity of the part of the aneurysm wall contacting bone. The blood flow pattern and wall stress and displacement were compared between the two models. RESULTS The contact and non-contact models exhibited similar wall shear stress and pressure but different degrees of von Mises stress and wall displacement. Displacement close to the bone contact part of the aneurysm wall was less in the contact model than in the non-contact model, whereas displacement of the part opposite to the contact part was larger in the contact model than in the non-contact model. Also, von Mises stress close to the contact part was larger in the contact model than in the non-contact model. CONCLUSION Contacting perianeurysmal bone affects the deformation and degree of von Mises stress but not the hemodynamics of intracranial aneurysms.
QOS-Ticket: A New Resource-Management Mechanism for Dynamic QOS Control of Multimedia

In an interactive multimedia environment that handles multiple sessions dynamically, a mechanism for controlling the QOS among sessions is very important. It is, however, di cult to achieve such QOS control without any system support. A new resourcemanagement mechanism and QOS-control architecture for multimedia applications are needed. This paper rst discusses features required for such architecture, and then proposes a new QOS-control architecture based on \QOS-Ticket. " In this QOS-Ticket model, resource management and QOS control are achieved through the cooperation of an operating system, a QOS Manager, and individual continuous-media sessions. The QOS-Ticket for each session, which represents that session's resource reservation, mediates these activities. A prototype of the QOS-Ticket model has been implemented on Real-Time Mach, using the system's processor capacity reservation mechanism. An experiment with this prototype is described, to show the effectiveness of the QOS-Ticket model.
Effect of Octenidine Hydrochloride on Planktonic Cells and Biofilms of Listeria monocytogenes

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen capable of forming biofilms and persisting in food processing environments for extended periods of time, thereby potentially contaminating foods. The efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride (OH) for inactivating planktonic cells and preformed biofilms of L. monocytogenes was investigated at 37, 21, 8, and 4°C in the presence and absence of organic matter (rehydrated nonfat dry milk). OH rapidly killed planktonic cells and biofilms of L. monocytogenes at all four temperatures. Moreover, OH was equally effective in killing L. monocytogenes biofilms on polystyrene and stainless steel matrices in the presence and absence of organic matter. The results underscore OH's ability to prevent establishment of L. monocytogenes biofilms by rapidly killing planktonic cells and to eliminate preformed biofilms, thus suggesting that it could be used as a disinfectant to prevent L. monocytogenes from persisting in food processing environments.
Vascularized jejunal mesenteric lymph node transfer for treatment of extremity lymphedema

Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) has emerged as a possible surgical treatment for lymphedema. Described donor sites include the groin, axillary, submental, and supraclavicular areas. However, each of these sites has significant disadvantages. Harvest from either the groin, axilla, or supraclavicular region can result in lymphedema of the donor site extremity, harvest from the supraclavicular area can have variable anatomy, and harvest from the submentum leaves a visible scar and there is a risk for injury to the marginal mandibular nerve. We propose a novel donor site for VLNT: the jejunal mesentery. This donor site is ideal as there is no risk of subsequent lymphedema, the scar is small and easily concealed, and the vascular anatomy is reliable. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the vascularized jejunal mesenteric lymph node transfer for the surgical treatment of lymphedema. The flap is harvested through a midline minilaparotomy incision, that is, 3–5 cm. The desired section of jejunum is identified and delivered from the abdomen. Lymph nodes with adjacent vascular structures are identified by inspection, palpation, and trans-illumination. Once a favorable cluster of nodes and associated vessels are identified, the peritoneum is incised around the distal periphery of the flap and distal branches are ligated. The flap is then elevated from the periphery toward the root of the mesentery, preserving the deep peritoneal layer to avoid an internal hernia. Dissection continues until vessel caliber is adequate for microvascular anastomosis (artery 1–1.5 mm and vein 2–3 mm), while preserving all major branches to the jejunum. The flap is raised with the cluster of lymph nodes and mesenteric vascular pedicle en bloc (Fig. 1). Bowel continuity is preserved. We have found that flaps harvested from the periphery of the mesentery are preferable, as they appear to have better balance of arterial inflow and venous outflow when compared with flaps raised closer to the root of the mesentery. The recipient site on the anterior distal leg, groin, distal forearm or axilla is prepared. Mesenteric lymph nodes are transferred and vascular anastomoses are performed. The recipient site is chosen according to the location of lymphedema and prior treatment history. Flap inset includes removal of scar tissue when applicable. Closure with placement of a skin graft over the flap is
Tiny images

The human visual system is remarkably tolerant to degradations in image resolution: in a scene recognition task, human performance is similar whether 32 × 32 color images or multi-mega pixel images are used. With small images, even object recognition and segmentation is performed robustly by the visual system, despite the object being unrecognizable in isolation. Motivated by these observations, we explore the space of 32 × 32 images using a database of 10 32× 32 color images gathered from the Internet using image search engines. Each image is loosely labeled with one of the 70, 399 non-abstract nouns in English, as listed in the Wordnet lexical database. Hence the image database represents a dense sampling of all object categories and scenes. With this dataset, we use nearest neighbor methods to perform object recognition across the 10 images.
Computers and the field class

Abstract Using computers in field classes makes it possible to do educationally‐desirable things which are very difficult or impossible without their assistance. They allow students to have a much greater sense of involvement in the projects carried out, and a greater sense of achievement results. Such advantages are illustrated by two exercises in which field class computing was an essential component. The most significant problem likely to be encountered is the date‐entry ‘bottleneck’. Suggestions are made concerning this and other potential problems of a practical nature.
New semantic learning in patients with large medial temporal lobe lesions

Two patients with large lesions of the medial temporal lobe were given four tests of semantic knowledge that could only have been acquired after the onset of their amnesia. In contrast to previous studies of postmorbid semantic learning, correct answers could be based on a simple, nonspecific sense of familiarity about single words, faces, or objects. According to recent computational models (for example, Norman and O'Reilly ( 2003 ) Psychol Rev 110:611–646), this characteristic should be optimal for detecting the kind of semantic learning that might be supported directly by the neocortex. Both patients exhibited some capacity for new learning, albeit at a level substantially below control performances. Notably, the correct answers appeared to reflect declarative memory. It was not the case that the correct answers simply popped out in some automatic way in the absence of any additional knowledge about the items. Rather, the few correct choices made by the patients tended to be accompanied by additional information about the chosen items, and the available knowledge appeared to be similar qualitatively to the kind of factual knowledge that healthy individuals gradually acquire over the years. The results are consistent with the idea that neocortical structures outside the medial temporal lobe are able to support some semantic learning, albeit to a very limited extent. Alternatively, the small amount of learning detected in the present study could depend on tissue within the posterior medial temporal lobe that remains intact in both patients. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Analysis of Students' Self-Monitoring in First- and Second-Grade Classrooms.

ABSTRACT Students' verbalizations were examined to identify instances of self-instruction (i.e., use of relevant knowledge and skills) and self-monitoring (i.e., task-relevant self-talk) during reading and mathematics in a suburban elementary school. The study included 56 students randomly selected across achievement levels and all special education students mainstreamed in seven classrooms. Of the 16,115 student verbalizations, 53% were self-instructive; 28% of these statements involved self-monitoring. Differences in self-monitoring were found for boys versus girls. The self-monitoring of students who perceived their cognitive ability to be low was significantly different. Tests of difference in self-monitoring by achievement rank yielded no difference, but significant differences were found for two types of subcategories of self-monitoring, self-interrogations that involved either (a) subject matter knowledge or (b) error checking.
Fundamentalist Demonstrations on the Liberal Arts Campus: Observations and Recommendations

This article explores the impact on students when non–university-affiliated conservative fundamentalist Christian groups conduct provocative demonstrations on campus. As university administrators work to balance free speech rights with missions of civility and pluralism, there is a need to assess and address potential adverse impacts of these sensational events. Based on a survey of 97 public university students after a controversial demonstration, we found the most adverse impact to be on students’ emotions, followed by disruption to their routines, changes to their feelings of safety, and minor consequences on academic activities. Those closer in proximity to the demonstration reported more adverse effects, and there were small differences in effects as a function of student gender, sexual orientation, and Christian identity. Counter to the ostensibly conservative aims of the demonstration, students typically reported it had little affect on their attitudes or that the demonstration made them more in favor of abortion rights, more supportive of homosexuality, and more anti-Christian. In addition, the demonstration caused many to question free speech and First Amendment rights. Results are discussed with regard to minimizing negative effects on our campus communities through the intentional involvement of faculty, campus police, and mental health service providers.