Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Micropropagation, plantlets production estimation and ISSR marker-based genetic fidelity analysis of Guadua magna and G. angustifólia

1. Received: Jun. 29, 2018. Accepted: Nov. 12, 2018. Published: Mar. 22, 2019. DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632019v4953743. 2. Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Botânica, Brasília, DF, Brasil. E-mail/ORCID: jeniferbio@gmail.com/0000-0002-5159-3681, hugotgomes@hotmail.com/0000-0002-3195-3483. 3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia), Brasília, DF, Brasil. E-mail/ORCID: jonny.pereira@embrapa.br/0000-0001-6271-332X. The bamboo species Guadua magna and G. angustifolia have been propagated nearly exclusively by conventional techniques of vegetative propagation. Micropropagation is a promising technique and an alternative to conventional ones. This study aimed to micropropagate plants, estimate the plantlets production and analyze the genetic fidelity of G. magna and G. angustifolia by ISSR molecular markers. Mother plants of both species were cultivated in a greenhouse, and either sprayed or not with fungicide. In the laboratory, microcuttings were disinfested and established in MS culture medium with 3.0 mL L-1 of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM®) and 1 mL L-1 of Carbendazin®. The contamination-free shoots were multiplied in liquid or semisolid MS medium with 3.0 mg L-1 of BAP for five subcultures. Rooting was performed in liquid or semi-solid MS1/2 medium, plus 3.0 mg L-1 of IBA. Acclimatization was performed on a commercial substrate, in a growth chamber, and the genetic fidelity of the clones produced was analyzed via ISSR markers. The addition of fungicide and PPM® to the medium reduced the contamination in G. magna, but not in G. angustifolia. The liquid medium was more efficient than the semi-solid one for the multiplication of both species, which showed production potentials between 760 and 920 plants per initial microcutting, after five subcultures. Rooted plants exhibited a survival rate of up to 100 % in acclimatization. No polymorphic regions were found in the clones analyzed by ISSR at the end of the fifth subculture, suggesting that micropropagation is a safe technique for the large-scale multiplication of bamboos.
Randomization Procedures in the Computation of Cumulative-Time Distributions over Discrete State Markov Processes

This paper proposes a methodology for computing numerical bounds on cumulative-time i.e., the time spent in a specified set of states before entering another specified set of states distributions over discrete state Markov processes. The methodology uses randomization procedures to compute results for appropriately defined transient Markov processes; the transient distribution computed is equivalent to the requisite cumulative-time distribution. A queueing application of the methodology to delay times in queueing networks is outlined and its efficacy is appraised by comparing the results with a sojourn time for a problem with a known distribution.
Analysis of a capacitive loaded buck converter

In this paper we study how the capacitive load influences the system dynamics in switched DC/DC converters. A study is made about how the system dynamics depend on the values of the capacitance and ESR. Parallel coupling of capacitors to achieve larger capacitance is studied from a control loop stability point of view. We define a capacitor with a given minimum capacitance and a certain ESR range, which can be paralleled up to a given total maximum capacitance, where the control loop stability margins are guarantied. This result is also extended for a mix of different capacitor types used in parallel.
Towards a Process to Information System Development with Distributed Teams

The software engineering area offers support to manage the information systems development process. Software engineering processes have artifacts, roles and activities well defined, allowing adjustments in specific situations. However, these processes are generally oriented to development of coallocated projects. They are not taken into account peculiarities in regard to coordination, control and communication, when the development is with distributed teams. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the Software Engineering area presenting a comparative analysis of some development processes from the perspective of development with distributed teams. Additionally, it points to the need to process definition that includes the peculiarities of this approach to software development.
Comparison of clinical outcome after treatment of hip arthritis caused by MRSA with that caused by non-MRSA in infants

We compared the results of four patients treated for septic arthritis of the hip caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with those of five non-MRSA cases. All four patients with MRSA were neonates when infection occurred, and all four had preceding sepsis and marked swelling of the thigh. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.6 years. At the time of most recent follow-up, all four exhibited severe discrepancy in leg length, and their femoral heads exhibited high-grade deformation according to the Choi classification. In contrast, in the non-MRSA cases, the mean age at infection was 2.2 years and the mean duration of follow-up was 2.9 years. At the most recent follow-up, they exhibited no remarkable discrepancy in leg length and only low-grade deformation of the femoral head. In this study, patients with MRSA showed more marked deformity of the hip and discrepancy of leg length because of lower age and to the presence of organisms resistant to antibiotics. Possible strategies for early diagnosis to prevent poor results after MRSA-induced hip arthritis include the following: (i) ensuring that pediatricians are familiar with the early signs of infection of the hip joint, (ii) aggressive puncture and drainage of pus from the affected joint, and (iii) initial use of antibiotics effective in treating MRSA, especially for patients suspected to have MRSA in the neonatal nursery.
Model-based testing methodology using system entity structures for MATLAB/Simulink models

The increasing complexity of systems entails an increasing complexity of simulation models. Likewise, heterogeneity in system components corresponds to heterogeneous simulation models. Cyber physical systems (CPS) represent an emerging class of technical systems characterized by their complexity and heterogeneity. Developing simulation models for CPS brings various challenges, one of which is determining the simulation fidelity. Fidelity evaluation can be introduced as the degree to which a simulation model matches the characteristics of the system it represents. Due to the growth of system complexity in CPS, the number of test cases required to reach admissible coverage to assure adequate simulation fidelity is very high. Along with that, heterogeneity in system components comes on top as another challenge. Therefore, adaptability, flexibility and automation can be identified as the key characteristics of a fidelity evaluation approach that determines its success. Model-based testing (MBT) advocates the use of models for the specification of test cases and proposes workflows for automatic test case generation. This paper presents an MBT approach for objective fidelity evaluation of complex, modular simulation models. The methodology implies that appropriate data for fidelity evaluation are available. Each test model is represented according to the formal structure of experimental frame (EF). For generating an executable EF for a model under test (MUT), configurable basic models are provided by a model base (MB). In the same manner, configurable basic models for composing various MUTs are stored in the MB. The system entity structure (SES) ontology is used for the specification of a family of MUT and test model designs on an abstract level. This means that the SES describes a set of various MUT and test model structures and parameter settings. Using the SES and MB, a specific executable model consisting of an MUT and a test model can be generated. Based on these ideas an infrastructure implementation for automated fidelity evaluation of complex, modular simulation models within MATLAB/Simulink is proposed in this paper.
The Effects of AlN and Copper Back Side Deposition on the Performance of Etched Back GaN/Si HEMTs

The breakdown voltage of GaN/Si high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) for power electronics has shown to be improved by removing the silicon substrate. The drawback to this approach is the increase in the device’s thermal resistance, which limits the power dissipation that the device can achieve before severe degradation. This letter shows the ability to improve the thermal dissipation of these devices by depositing copper (Cu) below aluminum nitride (AlN) filled etched back GaN-on-Si HEMTs. The device’s channel temperature is measured via Raman thermometry. The device’s transient thermal dynamics is investigated via transient thermoreflectance imaging, and the temperature profile across the gate metal is monitored. In addition to the device’s thermal properties, a residual stress analysis of the GaN channel is performed via photoluminescence. A notable decrease in the tensile residual stress is observed with the removal of the substrate and the addition of the AlN and Cu layers. Overall, the backside copper is shown to decrease the gate temperature of the etched backed AlN filled devices while maintaining a high breakdown voltage.
Paternal and maternal DNA lineages reveal a bottleneck in the founding of the Finnish population.

An analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotypes in several European populations reveals an almost monomorphic pattern in the Finns, whereas Y-chromosomal diversity is significantly higher in other populations. Furthermore, analyses of nucleotide positions in the mitochondrial control region that evolve slowly show a decrease in genetic diversity in Finns. Thus, relatively few men and women have contributed the genetic lineages that today survive in the Finnish population. This is likely to have caused the so-called "Finnish disease heritage"-i.e., the occurrence of several genetic diseases in the Finnish population that are rare elsewhere. A preliminary analysis of the mitochondrial mutations that have accumulated subsequent to the bottleneck suggests that it occurred about 4000 years ago, presumably when populations using agriculture and animal husbandry arrived in Finland.
Contribution of (cid:97) -Adrenergic and (cid:98) -Adrenergic Stimulation to Ischemia-Induced Glucose Transporter (GLUT) 4 and GLUT1 Translocation in the Isolated Perfused Rat Heart

—The intracellular signaling mechanism of the ischemia-stimulated glucose transporter (GLUT) translocation in the heart is not yet characterized. It has been suggested that catecholamines released during ischemia may be involved in this pathway. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of (cid:97) -adrenoceptors and (cid:98) -adrenoceptors to ischemia-mediated GLUT4 and GLUT1 translocation in the isolated, Langendorff-perfused rat heart. Additionally, GLUT translocation was studied in response to catecholamine stimulation with phenylephrine (Phy) and isoproterenol (Iso). The results were compared with myocardial uptake of glucose analogue [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Subcellular analysis of GLUT4 and GLUT1 protein on plasma membrane vesicles (PM) and intracellular membrane vesicles (IM) using membrane preparation and immunoblotting revealed that (cid:97) - and (cid:98) -receptor agonists stimulated GLUT4 translocation from IM to PM (2.5-fold for Phy and 2.1-fold for Iso, P (cid:44) 0.05 versus control), which was completely inhibited by phentolamine (Phe) and propranolol (Pro), respectively. Plasmalemmal GLUT1 moderately rose after Iso exposure, and this was prevented by Pro. In contrast, ischemia-stimulated GLUT4 translocation (2.2-fold, P (cid:44) 0.05 versus control) was only inhibited by (cid:97) -adrenergic antagonist Phe but not by (cid:98) -adrenergic antagonist Pro. Similarly, Phe but not Pro inhibited ischemia-stimulated GLUT1 translocation. GLUT data were confirmed by FDG uptake monitored using bismuth germanate detectors. The catecholamine-stimulated FDG uptake (6.9-fold for Phy and 8.9-fold for Iso) was significantly inhibited by Phe and Pro; however, only Phe but not Pro significantly reduced the ischemia-induced 2.5-fold increase in FDG uptake ( P (cid:44) 0.05 versus ischemia). This study suggests that (cid:97) -adrenoceptor stimulation may play a role in the ischemia-mediated increase in glucose transporter trafficking leading to the stimulation of FDG uptake in the isolated, perfused rat heart, whereas (cid:98) -adrenergic activation does not participate in this signaling pathway. ( Circ Res . 1999;84:1407-1415.)
Functional Analysis of the Pseudorabies Virus UL51 Protein

ABSTRACT Homologs of the UL51 protein of herpes simplex virus have been identified in all herpesvirus subfamilies, but until now, no function has been assigned to any of them. To investigate function of the UL51 gene product of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PrV), we isolated and analyzed a mutant lacking the major part of the open reading frame, PrV-ΔUL51F, and a rescuant. One-step growth analysis of PrV-ΔUL51F revealed only slightly reduced titers, but plaque size was notably diminished and reached only approximately 30% the plaque size of wild-type PrV. Ultrastructurally, intracytoplasmic capsids were found in large numbers either without envelope or in different stages of envelopment, indicating that secondary envelopment in the cytoplasm was less efficient. However, neuroinvasion in the mouse trigeminal pathway after intranasal infection was only slightly delayed. A PrV UL11 mutant also showed a defect in secondary envelopment (M. Kopp, H. Granzow, W. Fuchs, B. G. Klupp, E. Mundt, A. Karger, and T. C. Mettenleiter, J. Virol. 77:5339-5351, 2003). Since both proteins are part of the viral tegument and are predicted to be membrane associated, they may serve similar, possibly redundant functions during viral morphogenesis. Therefore, we also isolated a mutant simultaneously lacking UL51 and UL11. This mutant exhibited further reduced plaque size compared to the single-deletion mutants, but viral titers were comparable to those for the UL11 mutant. In electron microscopic analyses, the observed defect in secondary envelopment was similar to that found in the UL11 single-deletion mutant. In conclusion, both conserved tegument proteins, either singly or in combination, are involved in virion morphogenesis in the cytoplasm but are not essential for viral replication in vitro and in vivo.
Comparing ROC curves derived from regression models

In constructing predictive models, investigators frequently assess the incremental value of a predictive marker by comparing the ROC curve generated from the predictive model including the new marker with the ROC curve from the model excluding the new marker. Many commentators have noticed empirically that a test of the two ROC areas often produces a non‐significant result when a corresponding Wald test from the underlying regression model is significant. A recent article showed using simulations that the widely used ROC area test produces exceptionally conservative test size and extremely low power. In this article, we demonstrate that both the test statistic and its estimated variance are seriously biased when predictions from nested regression models are used as data inputs for the test, and we examine in detail the reasons for these problems. Although it is possible to create a test reference distribution by resampling that removes these biases, Wald or likelihood ratio tests remain the preferred approach for testing the incremental contribution of a new marker. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resolution of phospholipid molecular species by 31P NMR

Phosphorus‐31 NMR chemical shifts of phospholipids (PLs) solubilized in bile salts were studied with respect to variations in the structure of the acyl substituents. The presence of double bonds in the acyl chains of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidic acid (PA) induced small but consistent upfield shifts relative to the corresponding disaturated acyl PL signals. The magnitudes of the unsaturation‐related upfield shifts were approximately twice as large in sodium cholate as in sodium deoxycholate. Chemical shift separations of PC, PE, and PG dipalmitoyl‐dioleoyl species pairs increased slightly at lower temperatures. Resolution of the PC species pair was maximized and nearly independent of cholate‐to‐PL ratio at values greater than about 100 in 2% cholate. Only the PA species resolution varied significantly over the pH range 6.5 to 9.5, in the vicinity of its pK2. Shift differences for a homologous series of disaturated acyl PCs showed a logarithmic dependence on chain length. Spectra for a variety of PC standards were used to interpret the composite PC signals from egg yolk extract, soybean extract and whole human amniotic fluid. The 31P NMR analyses were consistent with published chromatographic studies. Interpretation of composite PL signals in the cholate system is simplified for mixtures having restricted acyl chain length and degree of unsaturation.
Use of the A. Victoria Green Fluorescent Protein to Study Protein Dynamics In Vivo

Fluorescent molecules serve as valuable tools for the detection of a variety of biochemical phenomena. Such reagents have been employed for protein localization, quantitation of gene expression, detection of nucleic acids, cell sorting, and determination of chemical concentrations. Although fluorescence is a useful tool for detecting molecules within cells, its application in vivo has been limited. The ideal vital fluorescent tag should (1) be detectable without causing cytological damage, (2) be able to label a wide variety of cell types readily, and (3) be able to be targeted to virtually any subcellular region. The recently cloned green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria is such a molecule. This overview describes the use of this proteinaceous fluorophore for in vivo observation of cellular phenomena, including applications and problems with the use of GFP, a discussion of mutant GFPs with altered fluorescence characteristics, and also some details on microscopy requirements.
BMP modulators regulate the function of BMP during body patterning and disease progression

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are phylogenetically conserved signaling molecules that belong to the transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β superfamily and are involved in the cascades of body patterning and morphogenesis. The activities of BMPs are precisely regulated at various stages, and extracellulary, mainly regulated by certain classes of molecules termed as BMP antagonists and pro‐BMP factors. BMP antagonists inhibit BMP function by prohibiting them from binding their cognate receptors, whereas pro‐BMP factors stimulate BMP function. In this review, the functions of these BMP regulators will be discussed. © 2009 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Mismatch negativity to pitch pattern deviants in schizophrenia

Simple mismatch negativity (MMN) to infrequent pitch deviants is impaired in individuals with long‐term schizophrenia (Sz). The complex MMN elicited by pattern deviance often manifes is cut from here]‐>ts later after deviant onset than simple MMN and can ascertain deficits in abstracting relationships between stimuli. Sz exhibit reduced complex MMN, but so far this has only been measured when deviance detection relies on a grouping rule. We measured MMN to deviants in pitch‐based rules to see whether MMN is also abnormal in Sz under these conditions. Three experiments were conducted. Twenty‐seven Sz and 28 healthy matched controls (HC) participated in Experiments 1 and 2, and 24 Sz and 26 HC participated in Experiment 3. Experiment 1 was a standard pitch MMN task, and Sz showed the expected MMN reduction (~ 115 ms) in the simple pitch deviant compared to HC. Experiment 2 comprised standard groups of six tones that ascended in pitch, and deviant groups where the last tone descended in pitch. Complex MMN was late (~ 510 ms) and significantly blunted in Sz. Experiment 3 comprised standard groups of 12 tones (six tones ascending in pitch followed by six tones descending in pitch, like a scale), and deviant groups containing two repetitions of six ascending tones (the scale restarted midstream). Complex MMN was also late (~ 460 ms) and significantly blunted in Sz. These results identify a late pitch pattern deviance‐related MMN that is deficient in schizophrenia. This suggests specific deficits in later more complex deviance detection in schizophrenia for abstract patterns.
Matching Theory for Channel Allocation in Cognitive Radio Networks

For a cognitive radio network (CRN) in which a set of secondary users (SU) competes for a limited number of channels (spectrum resources) belonging to primary user, the channel allocation is a challenge and dominates the throughput and congestion of the network . In this paper, the channel allocation problem is first formulated as the 0-1 integer programming optimization, with considering the overall utility both of primary system and secondary system. Inspired by matching theory, a many-to-one matching mechanism is used to remodel the channel allocation problem, and the corresponding PU proposing deferred acceptance (PPDA) algorithm is also proposed to yield a stable matching. We compare the performance and computation complexity between these two solutions. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency and obtain the communication overhead of the proposed schemes.
Within-District Effects of Catholic Schooling on 12th-Grade Math Achievement

Using a propensity score matching method, and regression modeling based on the 2002 Education Longitudinal Study, this study found a significant Catholic school, mathematics achievement effect among those 12th graders who were least likely to attend Catholic school. This result is evident within districts after we used the School District Demographics System map data to locate Catholic schools within school district boundaries. Furthermore, the Catholic school effects were statistically significant for students in districts that allowed publicly funded private education.
elf-optimizing control with active set changes

In this paper we extend the “nullspace method” by [1] to cover changes in active set. The extension is based on recent results from explicit model predictive control by [3]. The nullspace method is a method for selecting controlled variables, assuming that the set of active constraints does not change. With the extension presented here, we show that by applying the nullspace method for several different regions, vailable online 12 April 2012 eywords: elf-optimizing control ontrol Structure selection uadraticoptimization lantwide control where the regions are found by a parametric program, we can use the value of the controlled variables for each region to decide when to switch regions. The proposed method is demonstrated on a simple model of an ammonia production plant, and the results are comparable to real-time optimization. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.