Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Child Sexual Abuse: Intervention and Treatment Issues

This manual describes professional practices in intervention and treatment of sexual abuse and discusses how to address the problems of sexually abused children and their families. It makes an assumption that the reader has basic information about sexual abuse. The discussion focuses primarily on the child's guardian as the abuser. The manual contains the following chapters: (1) "Working in the Field of Child Sexual Abuse," which discusses the professional as a person and elements of a victim-centered approach; (2) "Definitions, Scope, and Effects of Child Sexual Abuse," which provides clinical and statutory definitions, prevalence and incidence rates, and a review of the impact of abuse on its victims; (3) "Indicators of Child Sexual Abuse," which outlines medical and psychosocial indicators; (4) "Investigation of Child Sexual Abuse," which examines the role of child protective services, the medical examination, interviews, and risk assessment; (5) "Techniques for the Child Interview and a Methodology for Substantiating Sexual Abuse," which analyzes questioning techniques, use of anatomically explicit dolls, and research on the reliability and suggestibility of child witnesses; (6) "Treatment of Child Sexual Abuse," which describes case management considerations, causal models of sexual abuse, and treatment issues for the parties involved. The manual also provides a glossary, a 30-item bibliography, a list of organizational resources, and four evaluation protocols. (.JDD) ******************************************************************* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Automating the Transformation from BPMN Models to CSP+T Specifications

The complexity of modern Business Process Modelling (BPM) together with the absence of the appropriate validation tools is the main reason for the costly and non- evolutionary characteristics of these models. Temporal constructs of Extended Business Process Model and Notation (EBPMN) semantics are disambiguated here by using Communicating Sequential Processes+Time (CSP+T) process calculus, which adds new constructions to timed BPMN modelling entities for non-functional requirements specification. Our objective is to facilitate the description of a business process model as a collection of verified software components, thereby advancing to their complete verification with state-of-the-art model checking tools. One real-life example, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) modelled as a correct business task model is discussed to demonstrate the applicability of the verification approach.
Predictions on the future of clinical psychology in Wales: A modified Delphi Study.

This study utilised a modified Delphi survey (Dalkey & Helmer, 1963) in order to attempt to produce a credible view of the future of clinical psychology in Wales in 2022. Eight senior clinical psychologists from Wales participated in a semi-structured interview designed to gain their views on the likely future of clinical psychology in Wales. The transcribed interviews were then analysed using Grounded Theory (Corbin & Strauss, 2008). The interviews yielded eighty predictions concerning clinical psychology in Wales in 2022. These predictions were communicated back to the experts, who were then asked to rate their agreement or otherwise with each prediction. The results were collated and the implications for clinical psychology in Wales in 2022 were analysed. The Grounded Theory analysis of the interview transcripts also produced a simple model for understanding the reasons behind many of the experts` predictions, and for guiding the generation of further predictions. The model was evaluated against the criteria of "fit", "understanding", "generality" and "control" (Corbin & Strauss, 1990), and "respondent validation" (Mays & Pope, 2000), and is proposed as a credible model for understanding and guiding further predictions on the future of clinical psychology in Wales in 2022.
Destination Positioning Analysis through a Comparison of Cognitive, Affective, and Conative Perceptions

There has been exponential growth in the number of studies of destination image appearing in the tourism literature. However, few have addressed the issues of destination positioning analysis and the role of affective perceptions. This article analyzes the market positions held by a competitive set of destinations through a comparison of cognitive, affective, and conative perceptions. Cognition was identified by trialing a factor analytic adaptation of importanceperformance analysis. Affect was measured using an affective response grid, while conation was gauged by stated intent to visit. The alignment of the results from these techniques identified leadership positions held by two quite different destinations on two quite different dimensions of destination attractiveness. It is suggested that this method of positioning analysis offers a practical means for destination marketers faced with the challenge of identifying the one or few features from their diverse and multiattributed product range that could be developed to differentiate their destination in a meaningful way to consumers.
Independent Components of Sleep Spindles

Sleep spindles are considered a hallmark of stage 2 of the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and are used both for sleep staging and for clinical studies of pharmacological agents. Analyses of sleep spindle topography, as well as intracranial source investigations provided evidence for the existence of two distinct sleep spindle types, "slow" and "fast" spindles at approximately 12 and 14 Hz, respectively. The aim of the present study was to apply independent component analysis (ICA) to sleep spindles, for examining the possibility of extracting, through visual analysis of the spindle EEG and selection of independent components (ICs), spindle "components" corresponding to separate EEG activity patterns, and to investigate the sources underlying these spindle components. The inverse electromagnetic problem was solved using low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA). Results indicate separability and stability of sources related to sleep spindle components reconstructed from separate groups of ICs.
Adaptive motion estimation order for frame rate up-conversion

This paper proposes an adaptive motion estimation (ME) order for frame rate up-conversion (FRUC). Almost all existing FRUC methods adopt a raster scan order for ME. The ME is performed from top-left blocks to bottom-right blocks in raster scan order. Such an order can propagate some wrongly estimated motion vectors (MV) through a frame. The proposed method first detects the blocks rich in features (feature blocks) and estimates their MVs. Then ME is performed on the other blocks according to their distance to feature blocks. The closer a block to feature blocks is; the earlier the ME is performed on it. In this adaptive order, MVs of feature blocks are propagated to its neighbors. It makes the estimated motions of a frame close to the true motions. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method, we estimate the MVs with diamond search in the proposed adaptive ME order. In the experiments, the quality of frame rate up converted videos have been significantly improved compared with the ones using traditional raster scan order. Moreover, the adaptive ME order can be easily combined with various ME methods applied in previous FRUC.
Protective Antigen as a Correlative Marker for Anthrax in Animal Models

ABSTRACT The most aggressive form of anthrax results from inhalation of airborne spores of Bacillus anthracis and usually progresses unnoticed in the early stages because of unspecific symptoms. The only reliable marker of anthrax is development of bacteremia, which increases with disease progress. Rapid diagnosis of anthrax is imperative for efficient treatment and cure. Herein we demonstrate that the presence and level of a bacterial antigen, the protective antigen (PA), a component of B. anthracis toxins, in host sera can serve as a reliable marker of infection. This was tested in two animal models of inhalation anthrax, rabbits and guinea pigs infected by intranasal instillation of Vollum spores. In both models, we demonstrated qualitative and quantitative correlations between levels of bacteremia and PA concentrations in the sera of sick animals. The average time to death in infected animals was about 16 h after the appearance of bacteremia, leaving a small therapeutic window. As the time required for immunodetection of PA can be very short, the use of this marker will be beneficial for faster diagnosis and treatment of inhalation anthrax.
The effect of a perceptual–motor intervention programme on learning readiness of Grade R learners from South African deprived environments

South Africa consists of developed and developing contexts. This article reports on a study undertaken to determine the effect of a Perceptual–motor Intervention Programme in learning readiness of Grade R learners from deprived environments. Le Roux's Group Test for School Readiness was used as baseline assessments to establish the school readiness of Grade R learners from a deprived environment and to determine whether an effective intervention programme could rectify the shortcomings. The sample of the intervention group (n = 21) and the control group (n = 27) consisted of five to six-year-old learners. The experimental group (n = 21) of a Grade R class in a quintile 1 school followed a 10-week perceptual–motor intervention programme, while another Grade R class from a quintile two school as control group was not exposed to perceptual–motor intervention. A mixed method was applied, within an interpretivistic research design. The outcomes of the research are as follows: the results of the school readiness test were analysed with an independent t-test before intervention, a dependent t-test on improvement over time and an ANCOVA controlling for pre-test scores on the post-test. The results showed improvement in the school readiness as the experimental group improved with 33.3% compared with 14.8% in the control group. The experimental group's standard deviation (SD) is 8.11 and control group's SD is 4.96. Qualitative information was obtained from interviews with teachers and observation at the schools. The research shows the benefit for young learners learning readiness if teachers focus on intensive intervention programmes to overcome backlogs of deprivation and that effective intervention programmes could rectify shortcomings before formal teaching in Grade 1 commences. Future research to follow up the outcomes of the intervention group as well as control group could lead to a longitudinal report on the effects of such an intervention programme. Future research could also focus on other aspects contributing to school readiness like social–emotional development of young learners.
Generative Local Metric Learning for Nadaraya-Watson Kernel Estimation

• For Gaussian data, the regression needs to calculate kernel with only two-dimensional information regardless of the original dimensionality, and it always obtains mean square error (MSE) close to zero with finite samples. • Previously a well-known extension of the NW estimator, locally linear regression (LLR), is known to alleviate the asymptotic bias. The proposed metric acts differently from LLR to reduce the bias, and the proposed method highly outperforms LLR in the empirical experiments. • In order to reduce MSE, reducing variance with metric is not important. The asymptotic contribution of the variance shows little dependency on the metric once appropriate bandwidth is selected in a high dimensional space. • A simple and coarse generative model captures appropriate metric for nonparametric NW estimation.
Predicting and estimating the accuracy of n-occular optical tracking systems

Marker-based optical tracking systems are widely used in augmented reality, medical navigation and industrial applications. We propose a model for the prediction of the target registration error (TRE) in these kinds of tracking systems by estimating the fiducial location error (FLE) from two-dimensional errors on the image plane and propagating that error to a given point of interest. We have designed a set of experiments in order to estimate the actual parameters of the model for any given tracking system. We present the results of a study which we used to demonstrate the effect of different sources of error. The method is applied to real applications to show the usefulness for any kind of augmented reality system. We also present a set of tools that can be used to visualize the accuracy at design time.
Elimination of paternal mitochondria in mouse embryos occurs through autophagic degradation dependent on PARKIN and MUL1

A defining feature of mitochondria is their maternal mode of inheritance. However, little is understood about the cellular mechanism through which paternal mitochondria, delivered from sperm, are eliminated from early mammalian embryos. Autophagy has been implicated in nematodes, but whether this mechanism is conserved in mammals has been disputed. Here, we show that cultured mouse fibroblasts and pre-implantation embryos use a common pathway for elimination of mitochondria. Both situations utilize mitophagy, in which mitochondria are sequestered by autophagosomes and delivered to lysosomes for degradation. The E3 ubiquitin ligases PARKIN and MUL1 play redundant roles in elimination of paternal mitochondria. The process is associated with depolarization of paternal mitochondria and additionally requires the mitochondrial outer membrane protein FIS1, the autophagy adaptor P62, and PINK1 kinase. Our results indicate that strict maternal transmission of mitochondria relies on mitophagy and uncover a collaboration between MUL1 and PARKIN in this process. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.17896. 001
HetNets and massive MIMO: Modeling, potential gains, and performance analysis

We consider a heterogeneous cellular network (HetNet) where a macrocell tier with a large antenna array base station (BS) is overlaid with a dense tier of small cells (SCs). We investigate the potential benefits of incorporating a massive MIMO BS in a TDD-based HetNet and we provide analytical expressions for the coverage probability and the area spectral efficiency using stochastic geometry. The duplexing mode in which SCs should operate during uplink macrocell transmissions is optimized. Furthermore, we consider a reverse TDD scheme, in which the massive MIMO BS can estimate the SC interference covariance matrix. Our results suggest that significant throughput improvement can be achieved by exploiting interference nulling and implicit coordination across the tiers due to flexible and asymmetric TDD operation.
UWaterloo at SemEval-2017 Task 7: Locating the Pun Using Syntactic Characteristics and Corpus-based Metrics

The paper presents a system for locating a pun word. The developed method calculates a score for each word in a pun, using a number of components, including its Inverse Document Frequency (IDF), Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information (NPMI) with other words in the pun text, its position in the text, part-of-speech and some syntactic features. The method achieved the best performance in the Heterographic category and the second best in the Homographic. Further analysis showed that IDF is the most useful characteristic, whereas the count of words with which the given word has high NPMI has a negative effect on performance.
SoundTag: children's interactive play based upon RFID employed wearable computer

Outdoor play is an important activity in young children's lives which should be encouraged. Cultural and social demographic data inform of decreasing numbers of children and shortage of playgrounds around urban areas. Technological advancements such as television and computer games have influenced children's recreational activities so that they prefer to play indoors rather than outdoors. In order to motivate children to play outside we propose a technologically supported play tool titled ‘SoundTag’. This is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based wearable system that uses interactive sound feedback. ‘SoundTag’ is designed especially for preschool children. In this paper, we detail the concept of the system and related design theory. A pilot experiment is reported where we observed the system in use. Evaluation was of playfulness of the system as well as its impact on improving children's physical activity.
Spousal Interrelations in Self-Reports of Cognition in the Context of Marital Problems

Background: Problems with cognitive function are common among older adults, yet there is little research assessing the extent to which the cognitive problems of older husbands and wives are related to those of their partners and whether any observed relationships are moderated by gender or marital quality. Objectives: Our purpose was to analyze longitudinal relationships between older spouses’ cognitive function and the cognitive function of their partners 5 years later, as well as to assess moderating roles of gender and marital quality. Methods: The subjects were 378 community-dwelling couples aged 46–89 years at baseline who were followed for 5 years. Cognitive function was measured with a scale assessing problems remembering names, finding the right word, misplacing things and paying attention. Marital quality was assessed by comparing those reporting marital problems often or sometimes with those reporting marital problems rarely or never. All data were collected by self-report. Statistical models adjusted for paired data where appropriate and included partner cognitive function, age, chronic conditions and financial hardship. Stratified models assessed moderating roles of gender and marital problems. Results: We found a negative relationship between husbands’ baseline lower cognitive function and wives’ subsequent cognitive function but only for the wives reporting marital problems. We found no comparable relationship between wives’ baseline lower cognitive function and their husbands’ subsequent cognitive function. Conclusions: Our gender-specific finding for wives is consistent with the gender differences noted in 2 previous studies. The limitation to wives with problems in their marriages is a new finding and might follow increased stress and depression responding to changes in their husbands’ cognitive functioning.
Graphical Templates for Model Registration

A new method of model registration is proposed using graphical templates. A graph of landmarks is chosen in the template image. All possible candidates for these landmarks are found in the data image using local operators. A dynamic programming algorithm on decomposable subgraphs of the template graph finds the optimal match to a subset of the candidate points in polynomial time. This combination of local operators to describe points of interest/landmarks and a graph to describe their geometric orientation in the plane, yields fast and precise matches of the model to the data, with no initialization required.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling revealed minimal codeine intestinal metabolism in first‐pass removal in rats

The physiologically based model with segregated flow to the intestine (SFM‐PBPK; partial, lower flow to enterocyte region vs. greater flow to serosal region) was found to describe the first‐pass glucuronidation of morphine (M) to morphine‐3β‐glucuronide (MG) in rats after intraduodenal (i.d.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration better than the traditional model (TM), for which a single intestinal flow perfused the whole of the intestinal tissue. The segregated flow model (SFM) described a disproportionately greater extent of intestinal morphine glucuronidation for i.d. vs. i.v. administration. The present study applied the same PBPK modeling approaches to examine the contributions of the intestine and liver on the first‐pass metabolism of the precursor, codeine (C, 3‐methylmorphine) in the rat. Unexpectedly, the profiles of codeine, morphine and morphine‐3β‐glucuronide in whole blood, bile and urine, assayed by LCMS, were equally well described by both the TM‐PBPK and SFM‐PBPK. The fitted parameters for the models were similar, and the net formation intrinsic clearance of morphine (from codeine) for the liver was much higher, being 9‐ to 13‐fold that of the intestine. Simulations, based on the absence of intestinal formation of morphine, correlated well with observations. The lack of discrimination of SFM and TM with the codeine data did not invalidate the SFM‐PBPK model but rather suggests that the liver is the only major organ for codeine metabolism. Because of little or no contribution by the intestine to the metabolism of codeine, both the TM‐ and SFM‐PBPK models are equally consistent with the data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods and Architectures for Realizing Fast Phylogenetic Computation Engines Using VLSI Array Based Logic

A portable, lightweight outrigger for canoes and the like includes adjustable clamps for varying the disposition or reach of oarlock pivots with respect to the centerline of the canoe, self energizing clamps for resisting rowing torque and stabilizing the outrigger under operating conditions and reversible oar lock sockets to compensate for wear.
Multi-scale entropy analysis on the complexity of blast furnace ironmaking process

Complexity study of blast furnace is of great importance. This paper employs the multi-scale entropy method to measure the complexity. The results show that it is more reasonable to analyze the complexity at different temporal scales. As the selected blast furnaces (BFs) are concerned, sulfur series is likely to exhibit more complex behavior than silicon series, and large BF tends to be more stable than small BF. The basic descending behaviors of multi-scale entropy of silicon series of two BFs with the scale factors increasing provide a possibility to simplify the silicon prediction issue using multi-scale methods in the future research.
A sequential Cox approach for estimating the causal effect of treatment in the presence of time‐dependent confounding applied to data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study

When estimating the effect of treatment on HIV using data from observational studies, standard methods may produce biased estimates due to the presence of time‐dependent confounders. Such confounding can be present when a covariate, affected by past exposure, is both a predictor of the future exposure and the outcome. One example is the CD4 cell count, being a marker for disease progression for HIV patients, but also a marker for treatment initiation and influenced by treatment. Fitting a marginal structural model (MSM) using inverse probability weights is one way to give appropriate adjustment for this type of confounding. In this paper we study a simple and intuitive approach to estimate similar treatment effects, using observational data to mimic several randomized controlled trials. Each ‘trial’ is constructed based on individuals starting treatment in a certain time interval. An overall effect estimate for all such trials is found using composite likelihood inference. The method offers an alternative to the use of inverse probability of treatment weights, which is unstable in certain situations. The estimated parameter is not identical to the one of an MSM, it is conditioned on covariate values at the start of each mimicked trial. This allows the study of questions that are not that easily addressed fitting an MSM. The analysis can be performed as a stratified weighted Cox analysis on the joint data set of all the constructed trials, where each trial is one stratum. The model is applied to data from the Swiss HIV cohort study. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.