Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SMAP: An Intelligent Mapping tool for Network on Chip

In the literatures application mapping and task routing has been address as one of the recent open problems in network on chip design[1]. The well performing of these procedures will directly affect the performance and cost measures of NoC design. Some of these measures which we have considered are the total energy consumption, the algorithm complexity. This paper presents the SMAP, a simulation environment, which performs application mapping and task routing for network on chip. Simulation result of the spiral scenario has proven the performance of this tool.
Density perturbations in generalized Einstein scenarios and constraints on nonminimal couplings from the cosmic microwave background

We study cosmological perturbations in generalized Einstein scenarios and show the equivalence of inflationary observables both in the Jordan frame and the Einstein frame. In particular the consistency relation relating the tensor-to-scalar ratio with the spectral index of tensor perturbations coincides with the one in Einstein gravity, which leads to the same likelihood results in terms of inflationary observables. We apply this formalism to nonminimally coupled chaotic inflationary scenarios with the potential V5cf p and place constraints on the strength of the nonminimal couplings using a compilation of the latest observational data. In the case of the quadratic potential ( p52), the nonminimal coupling is constrained to be j.27. 0310 23 for negative j from the 1s observational contour bound. Although the quartic potential ( p54) is under strong observational pressure for j50, this property is relaxed by taking into account negative nonminimal couplings. We find that inflationary observables are within the 1s contour bound as long as j,21.7310 23 . We also show that the p>6 cases are disfavored even in the presence of nonminimal couplings.
Zeroth-Order Resonator Antennas Using Inductor-Loaded and Capacitor-Loaded CPWs

Two compact zeroth-order resonator (ZOR) antennas designed with inductor-loaded (IL) and capacitor-loaded (CL) coplanar waveguides (CPWs) are proposed. A generalized definition of the zeroth-order resonance is also presented, taking into account the losses of the host transmission lines. Analytic formulas are also derived to predict the reactance values needed to sustain a specified zeroth-order resonant frequency in a lossy host line. With these formulas, one may predict the input reflection coefficients for the proposed ZOR antennas. These antennas, using only two unit cells, are designed, fabricated, and tested, and they have a very compact size and a via-free uniplanar structure. The measured results agree very well with those acquired from the proposed method and full-wave simulations, thus verifying the accuracy of the proposed formulation. It is also demonstrated that the ZOR antenna using the CL CPW exhibits higher radiation efficiency.
Distributed Gradient Based Gain Allocation for Coherent Multiuser AF Relaying Networks

A set of distributed non-cooperating relay antennas is known to be capable of orthogonalizing multiple source-destination pairs in space by coherent amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying techniques. Known relay gain allocation schemes for this setup require either global knowledge of the channel coefficients between all participating nodes or an excess number of relays. The required dissemination of the channel state information (CSI) introduces a major overhead, which in practice may well diminish the spatial multiplexing gain. We introduce a new distributed gradient based gain allocation scheme, which minimizes this overhead. Key to this is the proof, that the gradient of the destination signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) can be calculated in a distributed manner based on local CSI at the relays and very limited feedback from the destinations. In order to minimize the number of iterations in the distributed gradient algorithm we propose two distributed approaches to determine the optimal step size for each iteration. Finally we provide simulation results on the sum rate performance and identify the sequential opening of the spatial channels as a key factor that impacts speed of convergence.
Laparoscopic segmental duodenectomy for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor located in the second portion of the duodenum: A case report

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the duodenum are rare. For benign tumors, premalignant lesions, or malignant potential tumors located in the second portion of the duodenum close to the papilla of Vater, pancreaticoduodenectomy is sometimes performed. A case of laparoscopic segmental duodenectomy for a gastrointestinal stromal tumor at the second portion of the duodenum is reported. The surgical procedure was performed as follows: first, the second portion of the duodenum was separated from the pancreatic head; second, the duodenum was cut off with the linear stapler after having confirmed preservation of the papilla by intraoperative endoscopy; and third, reconstruction was carried out by a side‐to‐side duodenojejunostomy. Laparoscopic segmental duodenectomy for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors is thought to be advantageous compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy in terms of low burden and organ function preservation. The present procedure is feasible for benign or low‐malignant tumors that do not infiltrate outside of the duodenal walls.
Dimensions of Metaphorical Meaning

Recent work suggests that concreteness and imageability play an important role in the meanings of figurative expressions. We investigate this idea in several ways. First, we try to define more precisely the context within which a figurative expression may occur, by parsing a corpus annotated for metaphor. Next, we add both concreteness and imageability as “features” to the parsed metaphor corpus, by marking up words in this corpus using a psycholinguistic database of scores for concreteness and imageability. Finally, we carry out detailed statistical analyses of the augmented version of the original metaphor corpus, cross-matching the features of concreteness and imageability with others in the corpus such as parts of speech and dependency relations, in order to investigate in detail the use of such features in predicting whether a given expression is metaphorical or not.
Unveiling Bahasa Rojak's Linguistic Complexity: Out-of-Vocabulary Detection and Tokenization Strategies for Language

This study dives into the subtle realm of Bahasa Rojak focusing on the critical function of Out-of-Vocabulary (OOV) detection tasks in unraveling its dense linguistic tapestry. The study uses painstaking preprocessing methods to improve the textual data after gathering data from various sources. The study uses Brown Clustering to find linguistic trends and groupings within the Bahasa Rojak language. Furthermore, this work dissects and encodes complicated lexical elements using several tokenization methods—Byte Pair Encoding (BPE), Unigram, Word Piece, and Sentence Piece—revealing numerous segmentation views. The goal is to create a Union Vocabulary that combines different segments while minimizing duplication, hence lowering OOV occurrences. The combination of these strategies not only improves language representation but also demonstrates the adaptability and usefulness of various tokenization techniques in dealing with OOV terms. This investigation provides insights into effective ways for dealing with OOV terms in linguistic datasets.
A Continuous Learning Method for Fault Location in Spacecraft Attitude Control System

In today's information age, mankind is faced with a huge speed of knowledge and technology update. The swift progress renders the conventional learning model inadequate for addressing human needs anymore. In the field of machine learning, since data in the real world is always changing, traditional machine learning systems need to be constantly retrained to adapt to new data, which is very demanding in terms of computational resources and time. Aiming at the problem that spacecraft attitude control system faults change with the change of on-orbit time leading to the decrease of localization accuracy, this paper proposes a continuous learning method for spacecraft control system fault localization. Aiming at the spacecraft attitude control system fault localization problem, a spacecraft attitude control system fault localization model is constructed, first the spacecraft attitude control system is simulated, then the fault localization system is simulated by neural network, the different fault data images are generated by residual generation, and the classification is performed by using the neural network. In response to the change of fault types and amplitudes over time in spacecraft operation, the optimized continual learning method is used to solve the situation that the model forgets the knowledge of old faults, which improves the model's ability to cope with and memorize a variety of different faults.
Convergence of Contrastive Divergence with Annealed Learning Rate in Exponential Family

In our recent paper, we showed that in exponential family, contrastive divergence (CD) with fixed learning rate will give asymptotically consistent estimates \cite{wu2016convergence}. In this paper, we establish consistency and convergence rate of CD with annealed learning rate $\eta_t$. Specifically, suppose CD-$m$ generates the sequence of parameters $\{\theta_t\}_{t \ge 0}$ using an i.i. d. data sample $\mathbf{X}_1^n \sim p_{\theta^*}$ of size $n$, then $\delta_n(\mathbf{X}_1^n) = \limsup_{t \to \infty} \Vert \sum_{s=t_0}^t \eta_s \theta_s / \sum_{s=t_0}^t \eta_s - \theta^* \Vert$ converges in probability to 0 at a rate of $1/\sqrt[3]{n}$. The number ($m$) of MCMC transitions in CD only affects the coefficient factor of convergence rate. Our proof is not a simple extension of the one in \cite{wu2016convergence}. which depends critically on the fact that $\{\theta_t\}_{t \ge 0}$ is a homogeneous Markov chain conditional on the observed sample $\mathbf{X}_1^n$. Under annealed learning rate, the homogeneous Markov property is not available and we have to develop an alternative approach based on super-martingales. Experiment results of CD on a fully-visible $2\times 2$ Boltzmann Machine are provided to demonstrate our theoretical results.
Development of a microprocessor-based speech recognition system for a remotely operated underwater vehicle

Development of a microprocessor-based speech recognition system for a low cost remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) is reported in this paper. The system is designed to enhance the operator-controls for the TITAN range of ROV's. The experimental system is developed on a Motorola evaluation board with a M68HC16 16-bit microcontroller. Recognition is based on the minimum Euclidean distance between the energy functions of sampled templates. The algorithm is further enhanced with the incorporation of linear predictive coding and cepstral coefficients for distance measurement. It is implemented and tested on a PC-486 system with a SoundBlaster card. Experimental results indicated that the speech-based system will simplify the operator control console but performance of the HC16 microcontroller may not be desirable when all the tasks of control, communication and speech recognition are taking place. Further research is continued to improve the algorithms and system hardware so as to achieve acceptable accuracy and efficiency.
Molecular Characterization of HIV-1 Subtype C gp-120 Regions Potentially Involved in Virus Adaptive Mechanisms

The role of variable regions of HIV-1 gp120 in immune escape of HIV has been investigated. However, there is scant information on how conserved gp120 regions contribute to virus escaping. Here we have studied how molecular sequence characteristics of conserved C3, C4 and V3 regions of clade C HIV-1 gp120 that are involved in HIV entry and are target of the immune response, are modulated during the disease course. We found an increase of “shifting” putative N-glycosylation sites (PNGSs) in the α2 helix (in C3) and in C4 and an increase of sites under positive selection pressure in the α2 helix during the chronic stage of disease. These sites are close to CD4 and to co-receptor binding sites. We also found a negative correlation between electric charges of C3 and V4 during the late stage of disease counteracted by a positive correlation of electric charges of α2 helix and V5 during the same stage. These data allow us to hypothesize possible mechanisms of virus escape involving constant and variable regions of gp120. In particular, new mutations, including new PNGSs occurring near the CD4 and CCR5 binding sites could potentially affect receptor binding affinity and shield the virus from the immune response.
Two-finger caging of concave polygon

An object is captured by a set of fingers when there exists no trajectory to bring the object arbitrarily far from the fingers. Object concavity is a special geometric property that allows objects to be captured with only few fingers. In particular, certain concave objects may be captured by appropriately placing two fingers close to some pair of opposite concave sections. This paper addresses the problem of computing all configurations of the fingers that are farthest away from each other while still capable of capturing the object. We propose an O(n2lg n) algorithm for this task and present preliminary results showing efficiency of the algorithm
Visual SLAM Algorithm Based on YOLOv5 in Dynamic Scenario

Aiming at the problem of inaccurate pose estimation caused by dynamic feature points produced by dynamic objects during the operation of traditional SLAM system, a visual SLAM algorithm based on YOLOv5 is proposed to identify environmental images, distinguish dynamic objects in the scene and eliminate their dynamic feature points, and then use the remaining static feature points to perform oppositional geometric constraints. Finally determine the pose transformation matrix to improve the accuracy of the system. In this paper, the published TUM dataset is used to carry out experiments, and the results show that the algorithm adopted in this paper improves the relative positioning results of SLAM system in common dynamic situations, and reduces the mean of the median range of relative position error (RPE) in the monocular mode of the original ORB-SLAM3 by 91.53%. Effectively improve the positioning accuracy of the system.
Differential changes in cartilage cell proliferation and cell density in the rat craniofacial complex during secondary palate development

During mammalian secondary palate formation sagittal growth of the lower face has been shown to be more rapid than that of the upper face, and the tongue and mandible extend beneath the primary palate. In order to identify factors contributing to this differential growth pattern, cellular and morphologic growth of the major cartilages of the upper and lower facial regions were studied in radioautographic sections labeled with tritiated thymidine. Evaluation of cell‐density recordings, labeling indices, and structural dimensions revealed significant differences between Meckel's cartilage in the lower face, and the nasal cartilage and anterior cranial base cartilage in the upper face. After formation of the precartilaginous blastema, labeling indices were high in Meckel's cartilage (20–30%), but very low in the nasal cartilage and the anterior cranial base (0–2%). During secondary palate formation of the volume of Meckel's cartilage increased more rapidly than the other cartilages and its growth was primarily in the sagittal direction. Between days 15 and 17, the increase in the length of Meckel's cartilage (165%) was approximately twice as great as the increase in the combined length of the nasal cartilage and the anterior cranial base (77%). During this period induction of cleft palate with some teratogens has been shown to severely retard growth of Meckel's cartilage and produce mandibular retrognathia that contributes to delayed elevation of the palatal shelves. Therefore, extensive cell proliferation in Meckel's cartilage, during a period of limited proliferation in other craniofacial cartilages, appears to contribute to its rapid growth and its differential sensitivity to growth inhibition.
Clues to Quasar Broad-Line Region Geometry and Kinematics

We present evidence that the high-velocity C IV λ1549 emission-line gas of radio-loud quasars may originate in a disklike configuration, in close proximity to the accretion disk often assumed to emit the low-ionization lines. For a sample of 36 radio-loud z ≈ 2 quasars, we find the 20%-30% peak widths to show significant inverse correlations with the fractional radio core-flux density R, which is the radio axis inclination indicator. Highly inclined systems have broader line wings, consistent with a high-velocity field perpendicular to the radio axis. By contrast, the narrow line core shows no such relation with R, so the lowest velocity C IV-emitting gas has an inclination-independent velocity field. We propose that this low-velocity gas is located at higher disk altitudes than the high-velocity gas. A planar origin of the high-velocity C IV emission is consistent with the current results and with an accretion disk wind emitting the broad lines. A spherical distribution of randomly orbiting broad-line clouds and a polar high-ionization outflow are ruled out.
Limited Vertical Contracts in the Video Rental Industry 1

A large body of theoretical work has explored the channels through which vertical contracts can induce efficiency improvements. However, it is also important to study vertical contracts empirically in order to gain insight into the relative size of different types of efficiency gains. In this paper, I empirically analyse a contractual innovation in the vertically separated video rental industry. Prior to 1998, video stores obtained inventory from movie distributors using simple linear-pricing contracts. In 1998, revenuesharing contracts were widely adopted. I investigate the effect of the introduction of revenue-sharing contracts on firms’ profits and consumer welfare. I analyse a new panel data set of home video retailers that includes information on individual retailers’ contract and inventory choices, as well as rentals and contract terms for 246 movie titles and 6137 retailers in the U.S. during each week of 1998 and 1999 and the first half of 2000. A structural econometric model of firms’ behaviour is developed that describes the nature of firms’ contract choices. Estimates from this model indicate that both upstream and downstream profits increase by 10% under the revenue-sharing contract for popular titles. For less popular titles, the effects can be even larger. I also estimate that consumers benefit when revenue-sharing contracts are adopted.
All-Fiber Modal Interferometer Based on a Joint-Taper-Joint Fiber Structure for Refractive Index Sensing With High Sensitivity

We propose and demonstrate an all-fiber modal interferometer (MI) formed by sandwiching a thinned fiber taper (TFT) between two core-offset joints (COJs) for refractive index sensing. The COJs are fabricated using the splicing method on a standard single-mode fiber and their core-offset distances are over 10 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula>. The TFT is made by the flame-heated drawing technology, and has a very thin waist with only several microns in diameter for which satisfies the core-mode cutoff condition. The all-fiber MI device with a TFT waist diameter of 6.8 <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula> has extremely high sensitivities because of the strong evanescent field interaction, for example, 5339 and 10377 nm/refractive index unit at the surrounding refractive indexes of 1.334 and 1.35, respectively. In addition, the device has the advantages of compact size, simple fabrication, and low cost.
Hierarchical block-matching algorithm using partial distortion criterion

A new block matching algorithm (BMA) especially appropriate for large search areas is proposed. Motion vectors of causally adjacent blocks can be credible motion vector candidates in continuous motion fields. However, they are not helpful for searching complex or random motions. In order to remedy this problem, we propose a new two-step hierarchical block matching algorithm using spatial correlation in a motion field. In the first step, the candidates for an initial estimate consists of four motion vectors of adjacent blocks for searching continuous motion, and regularly sub-sampled points for searching complex or random motions. In the second step, the estimate is refined within a smaller search area by using full search BMA (FS- BMA). The straightforward application of the first step, however, tends to break data flow regularity due to random locations of four adjacent motion vectors. Therefore, in order to maintain consistent data flow in examining the four adjacent vectors, we introduce partial mean absolute difference which is calculated by suing a partial searching block rather than the whole block. Simulation result show that, in comparison with FS-BMA, the proposed algorithm reduces the computational complexity to 5.9 percent with negligible PSNR degradations. Furthermore, due to its regular data-flow, our scheme is especially suitable for hardware implementation.
Efficient and flexible architectural support for dynamic monitoring

Recent impressive performance improvements in computer architecture have not led to significant gains in the case of debugging. Software debugging often relies on inserting run-time software checks. In many cases, however, it is hard to find the root cause of a bug. Moreover, program execution typically slows down significantly, often by 10--100 times.To address this problem, this paper introduces the intelligent watcher (iWatcher), a novel architectural scheme to monitor dynamic execution automatically, flexibly, and with minimal overhead. iWatcher associates program-specified monitoring functions with memory locations. When any such location is accessed, the monitoring function is automatically triggered with low overhead. To further reduce overhead and support rollback, iWatcher can optionally leverage thread-level speculation (TLS). The iWatcher architecture can be used to detect various bugs, including buffer overflow, accessing freed locations, memory leaks, stack-smashing and value-invariant violations. To evaluate iWatcher, we use seven applications with various real and injected bugs. Our results show that iWatcher detects many more software bugs than Valgrind, a well-known open-source bug detector. Moreover, iWatcher only induces a 0.1--179&percent; execution overhead, which is orders of magnitude less than Valgrind. Our sensitivity study shows that even with 20&percent; of the dynamic loads monitored in a program, iWatcher adds only 72--182&percent; overhead. Finally, TLS is effective at reducing overheads for programs with substantial monitoring.
ABBA regulates plasma-membrane and actin dynamics to promote radial glia extension

Radial glia play key roles in neuronal migration, axon guidance, and neurogenesis during development of the central nervous system. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating growth and morphology of these extended cells are unknown. We show that ABBA, a novel member of the IRSp53-MIM protein family, is enriched in different types of radial glia. ABBA binds ATP-actin monomers with high affinity and deforms PtdIns(4,5)P2-rich membranes in vitro through its WH2 and IM domains, respectively. In radial-glia-like C6-R cells, ABBA localises to the interface between the actin cytoskeleton and plasma membrane, and its depletion by RNAi led to defects in lamellipodial dynamics and process extension. Together, this study identifies ABBA as a novel regulator of actin and plasma membrane dynamics in radial glial cells, and provides evidence that membrane binding and deformation activity is critical for the cellular functions of IRSp53-MIM-ABBA family proteins.