Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on the Effect of Time Delay on the Performance of Distributed Power Grids with Networked Cooperative Control

Abstract Future Distributed Power Grid (DPG) control systems may strongly benefit from the introduction of a communication network enabling cooperation between distributed generators. However, this typically comes at the cost that network induced time delay deteriorates control performance and possibly destabilizes the overall system. In this paper we study the effect of the time delay on the performance of a DPG with networked cooperative controllers exchanging state information of generators via a communication network and analyze up to which time delay such a communication network is still beneficial for the overall control performance. Here the delay is assumed to be constant and identical for all links. Standard Linear Quadratic Regulators (LQR) are designed together with communication topology, but without explicitly considering the time delay. We compare the Linear Quadratic (LQ) cost in infinite horizon as a measure of the performance of two cases: the networked cooperative controller with global information and time delay vs. the controller with only local information. It is observed that there exists a performance guaranteed time delay bound where the cost with the cooperative controller is smaller than without information exchange, i.e. it is still beneficial to introduce a communication network. By means of a Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) problem based on first order Pade approximation for time delay this performance guaranteed time delay bound is approximated in a systematic way. A numerical example is given to illustrate the result.
Discrete Output-Prediction based Proportional Switching controller

This paper introduces a novel control law that is generic in nature and stabilizes linear and a class of non-linear systems. The parameters of the proposed controller give the same flexibility of tuning the transient response of a system as the standard PID does. The superiority of the Output-Prediction based Proportional Switching (OPPS) controller lies in the fact that it addresses the fundamental implementation problems of the PID such as integrator windup, high frequency gain of the derivative term and especially sacrifice of rise-time as system damping is further enhanced using the derivative term. Extensive simulation results are presented implementing OPPS on different linear and non-linear systems that show its generic nature and strength. Finally OPPS is implemented to stabilize a 2-DOF platform stabilization scheme and results are compared with those of a PID.
Code Voting with Linkable Group Signatures

Code Voting is an appropriate technology to deal with the “Secure Platform Problem” [Riv02]. However, code voting as proposed by Chaum [Cha01] is vulnerable to vote selling and other flaccidities. In this paper we describe the vulnerabilities of code voting and propose to extend code voting to prevent vote selling. For this purpose we combine code voting with linkable group signatures and vote updating. We analyze the security properties of this new approach.
Design of External Cavity Semiconductor Lasers to Suppress Wavelength Shift and Mode Hopping

In this report, a model of external cavity semiconductor laser is built, and then based on this model a program is coded for simulating the thermally induced wavelength shift and mode hopping. By comparing the simulation and the published experimental results of two modified ECL designs we found that our simulation results agree very well with the experimental results. Through theoretical analysis and simulation, it is found for the first time that the thermally induced mode hopping will be increased by using temperature insensitive Bragg grating in WG-ECL. Furthermore, a novel design of external cavity semiconductor lasers with suppressed thermally induced wavelength shift and mode hopping is proposed. The calculation results show that the wavelength stability with temperature is dramatically improved and the side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) remains higher (>35 dB) when temperature changes from 20C to 50C.
Error prevention in robotic assembly tasks by a machine vision and statistical pattern recognition method

Assembly errors can occur in a robotic assembly system. In this paper, a method that predicts an assembly error is proposed. It considers that assembly errors occur under the condition that the geometric trajectory of a mated part and the relational position and orientation of a base part are outside the allowable tolerance. A certain point, which is determined by using a physical light reflectance model of a mated part, is followed with two high-speed cameras. A statistical pattern recognition method in which explanatory variables are tracked points in a three-dimensional space is then employed to predict an assembly error. The proposed method is applied to a peg-in-a-hole assembly by a selective compliance assembly robot arm (SCARA)-type robot and its potential value is discussed.
Sequence and conformation effects on ionization potential and charge distribution of homo-nucleobase stacks using M06-2X hybrid density functional theory calculations

DNA is subject to oxidative damage due to radiation or by-products of cellular metabolism, thereby creating electron holes that migrate along the DNA stacks. A systematic computational analysis of the dependence of the electronic properties of nucleobase stacks on sequence and conformation was performed here, on the basis of single- and double-stranded homo-nucleobase stacks of 1–10 bases or 1–8 base pairs in standard A-, B-, and Z-conformation. First, several levels of theory were tested for calculating the vertical ionization potentials of individual nucleobases; the M06-2X/6-31G∗ hybrid density functional theory method was selected by comparison with experimental data. Next, the vertical ionization potential, and the Mulliken charge and spin density distributions were calculated and considered on all nucleobase stacks. We found that (1) the ionization potential decreases with the number of bases, the lowest being reached by Gua≡Cyt tracts; (2) the association of two single strands into a double-stranded tract lowers the ionization potential significantly (3) differences in ionization potential due to sequence variation are roughly three times larger than those due to conformational modifications. The charge and spin density distributions were found (1) to be located toward the 5′-end for single-stranded Gua-stacks and toward the 3′-end for Cyt-stacks and basically delocalized over all bases for Ade- and Thy-stacks; (2) the association into double-stranded tracts empties the Cyt- and Thy-strands of most of the charge and all the spin density and concentrates them on the Gua- and Ade-strands. The possible biological implications of these results for transcription are discussed.
de Travail du Centre d ’ Economie de la Sorbonne Option Pricing for GARCH-type Models with Generalized Hyperbolic Innovations

In this paper, we provide a new dynamic asset pricing model for plain vanilla options and we discuss its ability to produce minimum mispricing errors on equity option books. Given the historical measure, the dynamics of assets are modeled by Garch-type models with generalized hyperbolic innovations and the pricing kernel is an exponential affine function of the state variables, we show that the risk neutral distribution is unique and implies again a generalized hyperbolic dynamics with changed parameters. We provide an empirical test for our pricing methodology on two data sets of options respectively written on the French CAC 40 and the American SP 500. Then, using our theoretical result associated with Monte Carlo simulations, we compare this approach to natural competitors in order to test its efficiency. More generally, our empirical investigations analyze the ability of specific parametric innovations to reproduce market prices in the context of an exponential affine specification of the stochastic discount factor.
Integrating flying and fish tank metaphors with cyclopean scale

In fish tank VR environments, the screen is used as a window into a virtual environment. This effectively creates a useful 3D workspace in the vicinity of the monitor screen, near to the user. However, many geographical applications require the user to cover large virtual distances and to support this a flying interface is often provided. The authors describe a method for combining the flying and fish tank metaphors to create a practical working environment. The central insight developed in the paper is that a geometric transformation that they call the "cyclopean scale" enables the simple combination of flying and fish tank VR interaction metaphors. Cyclopean scale continuously scales the working environment to lie just behind the screen in terms of stereoscopic depth. Cyclopean scale allows for fish tank VR viewing and also places objects at a convenient distance for manipulation, optimizes stereo display parameters and reduces stereo display problems (vergence focus conflict). They have implemented this technique in a system called Fledermaus VR with a cable route editing task. This is an application for planning the layout of submarine cables.
A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements

The problem of deriving a complete set of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements is discussed. Algorithm development is focused on improving aerosol retrievals by means of including a detailed statistical optimization of the influence of noise in the inversion procedure. The methodological aspects of such an optimization are discussed in detail and revised according to both modern findings in inversion theory and practical experience in remote sensing. Accordingly, the proposed inversion algorithm is built on the principles of statistical estimation: the spectral radiances and various a priori constraints on aerosol characteristics are considered as multisource data that are known with predetermined accuracy. The inversion is designed as a search for the best fit of all input data by a theoretical model that takes into account the different levels of accuracy of the fitted data. The algorithm allows a choice of normal or lognormal noise assumptions. The multivariable fitting is implemented by a stable numerical procedure combining matrix inversion and univariant relaxation. The theoretical inversion scheme has been realized in the advanced algorithm retrieving aerosol size distribution together with complex refractive index from the spectral measurements of direct and diffuse radiation. The aerosol particles are modeled as homogeneous spheres. The atmospheric radiative transfer modeling is implemented with well-established publicly available radiative transfer codes. The retrieved refractive indices can be wavelength dependent; however, the extended smoothness constraints are applied to its spectral dependence (and indirectly through smoothness constraints on retrieved size distributions). The positive effects of statistical optimization on the retrieval results as well as the importance of applying a priori constraints are discussed in detail for the retrieval of both aerosol size distribution and complex refractive index. The developed algorithm is adapted for the retrieval of aerosol properties from measurements made by ground-based Sun-sky scanning radiometers used in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The results of numerical tests together with examples of experimental data inversions are presented.
NOVEL USER INTERFACE FOR SEMI-AUTOMATIC PARKING ASSISTANCE SYSTEM

This paper proposes a novel user interface for semi-automatic parking assistance system, which automates steering handling during parking operation. In spite of recent progresses of automatic target position designation method, manual designation is supposed to have two important roles. First, manual designation can be used to refine the target position established by automatic designation method. Second, manual designation is necessary for the backup of automatic designation method. Proposed user interface provides an easy-to-use manual designation method based on drag&drop concept. Target position is depicted as a rectangle in touch screen based HMI(Human Machine Interface). Driver can move the rectangle by dragging the inside of rectangle. Driver can rotate the rectangle by dragging the outside of rectangle. We compare the proposed method with multiple-arrow based method, which provides several arrow buttons to move and rotate target position, by measuring total operation time and clicking number. We can conclude that proposed method shortens the operation time and reduces the clicking number.
A fuzzy Analytical Network Process for SWOT analysis ( Case Study : Drug Distribution Company )

Nowadays companies are in competition situations and need to have good knowledge about their business to help them to stay in their market. Distribution companies also encountered with their business problems. This study presents a quantitative fuzzy Analytic Network Process (Fuzzy ANP) based on SWOT analysis to set priorities among SWOT factors in our distributer company(Case Study). SWOT matrix is an essential tool for top managers to compare the alternative strategies and as a result for determining the best way for their own business. The ANP method is an improved version of the AHP method. It is more useful in complicated situations when some factors have reactions on each other. Because of Qualitative decision making often encountered by ambiguity and uncertainty, in this study we use fuzzy logic with ANP to overcome both ambiguity and criteria effects in our pairwise comparison and finally The proposed SWOT fuzzy ANP methodology was implemented and tested for the Distribution Company.
Parenting styles and Internet use

The Internet has become the most popular way for young people to communicate with one another. Recent data indicate that 95% of students have Internet access. This study examined the links between Internet use and the parenting styles that shape parent–child interactions. Empirical analysis showed that Internet use accounts for the majority of adolescents’ leisure time. The neglecting parenting style has the strongest relationship with addictive Internet use by adolescent girls and boys. For boys, addictive Internet use is also related to a combination of different parenting styles resulting from inconsistencies and contradictions between parents.
KOCHʼS POSTULATES IN RELATION TO THE WORK OF JACOB HENLE AND EDWIN KLEBS

Among the essential elements of a theory of disease is the set of criteria that must be satisfied to establish that some specific factor is the cause of a particular disease. For example, in the germ theory various nonequivalent criteria have been proposed for establishing that specific micro-organisms cause particular diseases. ' Perhaps the most famous criteria are the conditions known as Koch's postulates. The postulates are invariably mentioned even in superficial discussions of Robert Koch's work. However, different authors state the postulates differently,2 and many authors provide no evidence that they have read Koch; often the only justification for stating the postulates in a particular way is a superficial secondary work.3 There is also disagreement about whether or not Koch adopted the postulates from his predecessors. Some commentators, assuming that Koch derived the postulates from Jacob Henle, refer to the postulates as the Henle-Koch postulates4 or even as the Henle postulates.5 Others deny that Henle significantly influenced Koch's thinking about causal criteria.6 Given that the postulates have been so influential, it is remarkable that there have been no serious attempts to resolve these issues. This essay will first determine how Koch stated and used the postulates in some of his early papers. We will then examine the research tradition from which Koch seems to have derived the postulates, and argue that Edwin Klebs was a more important
Mediating influence of crime type on victim satisfaction with police services

Different crimes have their own unique characteristics. Victim needs and experiences vary across crime types. However, there has been a tendency for the criminal justice system to treat victims as a homogeneous entity and respond to victims of different types of crimes in a routine manner. This is especially true in a developing country like India. This study, using victim survey data from India, examines whether the crime type (property crime or violent crime) has a mediating influence on the relation between the quality of procedure and outcome of police response on the one hand, and victim satisfaction on the other. The study concludes that the type of crime has a mediating effect on the relation between interpersonal justice, information justice and outcome, and the satisfaction of victims with services provided by the police.
Full chip thermal analysis of planar (2-D) and vertically integrated (3-D) high performance ICs

This work presents a full chip thermal analysis of 2-D high performance ICs based on technological, structural, and material data from ITRS '99. It is shown that interconnect Joule heating in advanced technology nodes can strongly impact the magnitude of the maximum temperature within 2-D chips despite negligible change in the chip power density, as per the ITRS. This result has been shown to have significant implications for interconnect reliability and performance not foreseeable by the ITRS. Furthermore, detailed thermal analysis of vertically integrated (3-D) ICs has been carried out using analytical modeling and numerical simulations. Additionally, comparison between the thermal design of two alternative 3-D technologies has been presented for the first time using ITRS data.
On practical selective jamming of Bluetooth Low Energy advertising

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Advertising is an important component of BLE as it is used to broadcast connection information to other devices nearby, usually smartphones. Furthermore, it is the foundation of a variety of services, such as indoor localization. We present a selective jammer against BLE beacons. The jammer selectively jams only BLE advertising beacons for which it was configured (API) on just the BLE advertising channels actually being used (narrowband). Such a jammer is hard to detect and hence requires a sophisticated Intrusion Detection System (IDS). The prototypic implementation uses off-the-shelf embedded hardware which is low-cost, small-size and very power efficient. Experiment results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution and reveal the impact of the distance between jammer and receiver on the advertising success rate. At short distances the jammer is able to successfully corrupt all BLE advertisement beacon frames making the BLE beacon source undiscoverable.
Who's to Blame? The Determinants of German Students' Achievement in the PISA 2000 Study

The publication of the OECD report on the PISA 2000 study induced a public outcry in Germany. On average, German students participating in this standardized test performed considerably below the OECD average and substantially worse than those of other European countries, like Finland or Ireland. However, the results presented by the report consist mainly of country averages which do not take into account any other covariates of individual student achievement. This paper provides a comprehensive econometric analysis of the association of the individual-level reading test scores of German students with individual and family background information and with characteristics of the school and class of the 15 to 16 year old respondents in Germany to the survey. The results of several quantile regression analyses demonstrate that many popular explanations, like too much regulation of schools or the substantial share of non-citizens among the participating students, are by no means supported by the data. Rather results point towards a considerable impact of schools aiming at a more homogenous body of students in terms of their educational achievement.
Unveiling palomar 2: The most obscure globular cluster in the outer halo.

We present the first color-magnitude study for Palomar 2, a distant and heavily obscured globular cluster near the Galactic anticenter. Our (V,V-I) color-magnitude diagram (CMD), obtained with the UH8K camera at the CFHT, reaches V(lim) = 24 and clearly shows the principal sequences of the cluster, though with substantial overall foreground absorption and differential reddening. The CMD morphology shows a well populated red horizontal branch with a sparser extension to the blue, similar to clusters such as NGC 1261, 1851, or 6229 with metallicities near [Fe/H] = -1.3$. From an average of several indicators, we estimate the foreground reddening at E(B-V) = 1.24 +- 0.07 and obtain a true distance modulus (m-M)_0 = 17.1 +- 0.3$, placing it about 34 kpc from the Galactic center. We use starcounts of the bright stars to measure the core radius, half-mass radius, and central concentration of the cluster. Its integrated luminosity is M_V = -7.9, making it clearly brighter and more massive than most other clusters in the outer halo.
Hover flight control of a small helicopter using robust backstepping and PID

In this paper, a robust control strategy applying on a small helicopter is proposed. The controller is designed using the backstepping approach based on Lyapunov function. In control design, a hierarchical inner-outer loop based structure is proposed to control the hover flight in the presence of external wind gusts. The outer loop (position control) employs robust backstepping controller to control the translational trajectory, while the inner loop (attitude control) controller is designed by means of PID controller that allow the stabilization of the attitude of a small helicopter. This new method combines the advantages of both robust backstepping and PID, particularly it is simple and easy to implement and tune in future real flight test. Finally, a computer simulation is conducted to show the hover flight control performance of the proposed controller in a gusty environment.
Excystation of Eimeria tenella Sporozoites Impaired by Antibody Recognizing Gametocyte/Oocyst Antigens GAM22 and GAM56

ABSTRACT Eimeria tenella is the causative agent of coccidiosis in poultry. Infection of the chicken intestine begins with ingestion of sporulated oocysts releasing sporocysts, which in turn release invasive sporozoites. The monoclonal antibody E2E5 recognizes wall-forming body type II (WFBII) in gametocytes and the WFBII-derived inner wall of oocysts. Here we describe that this antibody also binds to the stieda body of sporocysts and significantly impairs in vitro excystation of sporozoites. Using affinity chromatography and protein sequence analysis, E2E5 is shown to recognize EtGAM56, the E. tenella ortholog of the Eimeria maxima gametocyte-specific GAM56 protein. In addition, this antibody was used to screen a genomic phage display library presenting E. tenella antigens as fusion proteins with the gene VIII product on the surfaces of phagemid particles and identified the novel 22-kDa histidine- and proline-rich protein EtGAM22. The Etgam22 mRNA is expressed predominantly at the gametocyte stage, as detected by Northern blotting. Southern blot analysis in combination with data from the E. tenella genome project revealed that Etgam22 is an intronless multicopy gene, with approximately 12 to 22 copies in head-to-tail arrangement. Conspicuously, Etgam56 is also intronless and is localized adjacent to another gam56-like gene, Etgam59. Our data suggest that amplification is common for genes encoding oocyst wall proteins.