Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
JIVUI : JavaScript Interface for Visualization of User Interaction

In this paper we describe the JavaScript Interface for Visualization of User Interaction (JIVUI): a modular, Web-based, and customizable visualization tool that shows an animation of the trace of a user interaction with a graphical interface, or of predictions made by cognitive models of user interaction. Any combination of gaze, mouse, and keyboard data can be reproduced within a user-provided interface. Although customizable, the tool includes a series of plug-ins to support common visualization tasks, including a timeline of input device events and perceptual and cognitive operators based on the Model Human Processor and TYPIST. We talk about our use of this tool to support hypothesis generation, assumption validation, and to guide our modeling efforts.
Vertical Accuracy Effect Verification for Satellite Imagery With Different GCPs

This letter expands the block adjustment method by, respectively, adopting high-precision global positioning system (GPS) points, geoscience laser altimeter system (GLAS) data, and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)-digital elevation model (DEM) as vertical control data. Block adjustment experiments were conducted with these control data, with 388 ZY-3 satellite stereo image pairs across over 18600 km2 of land in Hubei province of China utilized as experimental images and 180 GPS points as checkpoints. The experimental results obtained show that, with the adoption of 23 GPS points as control points, the horizontal root-mean-square error (RMSE) and vertical RMSE of the ZY-3 image improved from 10.97 to 5.72 m and from 7.12 to 1.65 m, respectively. Furthermore, with the adoption of 326 GLAS data points as vertical control points, the vertical RMSE of the ZY-3 images of the flat terrain areas and mountain terrain areas improved to 1.69 and 3.62 m, respectively. Through block adjustment constrained by SRTM-DEM, the vertical RMSE of the ZY-3 images was 1.44 m for flat terrain areas and 3.05 m for mountain terrain areas, respectively. The vertical accuracy of the satellite images was significantly enhanced, especially on the flat terrain area, when GLAS and STRM-DEM were used for vertical control block adjustment, which is similar to the vertical accuracy of block adjustments adopting GPS points as control.
Impulsbasierte Dynamiksimulation von Mehrkörpersystemen in der virtuellen Realität

Die dynamische Simulation gewinnt im Bereich der VR immer mehr an Bedeutung. In diesem Bereich ist die Geschwindigkeit des verwendeten Verfahrens entscheidend. Weitere Anforderungen sind unter anderem Genauigkeit, Stabilitat und eine einfache Implementierung. In dieser Arbeit wird ein neues Verfahren fur die Simulation von Mehrkorpersystemen vorgestellt. Das vorgestellte Verfahren arbeitet ausschlieslich mit Impulsen, um Gelenke, Kollisionen und bleibende Kontakte mit Reibung zu simulieren.
Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency and Blood Transfusion

Abstract. Seven White American male blood donors with Italian surnames were found to have red cell glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G‐6‐PD) deficiency among 1,285 with Greek or Italian surnames screened. Five different genetic variants were found: G‐6‐PDs Mediterranean (2), ‘Athens‐like’ (2), San Juan, Columbus and ‘Canton‐like’. Clinical evaluation of 23 patients who received 24 units of G‐6‐PD‐deficient blood (G‐6‐PD A‐) failed to reveal any deleterious effects. Screening of Black donors for G‐6‐PD deficiency is believed unnecessary; further data are needed before a recommendation can be made concerning screening for non‐Black donors.
Does the DABCO-catalysed reaction of 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes with methyl acrylate follow a Baylis-Hillman pathway?

Evidence is presented which supports the intermediacy of dipolar Baylis-Hillman-type adducts in the synthesis of coumarin and chromene derivatives from the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzaldehydes with methyl acrylate in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2. 2]octane (DABCO).
Digital predistortion linearizer for compensating frequency-dependent IM distortion

This paper proposes a new digital predistortion linearizer based on power series representation that strongly suppresses intermodulation distortion (IMD). The proposed predistortion linearizer is equipped with distortion generation paths that consist of odd-order distortion generators, vector regulators and frequency characteristics compensators. The proposed linearizer compensates the frequency characteristics of IMD, which limit the performance of current predistortion linearizers. In an experiment, the 3rd- and 5th-order IMD components are successfully suppressed by the proposed predistortion linearizer when a three-tone signal is input. The 3rd- and 5th-order IMD components are less than 4 0 dB at the output back-off of 3 dB from the 1 dB gain compression point as measured with a single-tone.
Study of GPU scalability

General-purpose Graphic Processing Units (GPGPUs) have been widely used to accelerate heavy compute-intensive applications. In a market the number of GPU cores on one chip are increased to maximize performance by exploiting thread-level parallelism (TLP). But memory system could be a bottleneck, and assigning more cores does not help faster execution. In this paper, we observe GPU core scalability issue, and analyze major causes of the performance degradation under many core configuration in perspective of memory latency.
A dynamic design approach using the Kalman filter for uncertainty management

Abstract It is desirable for complex engineered systems to be resilient to various sources of uncertainty throughout their life cycle. Such systems are high in cost and complexity, and often incorporate highly sophisticated materials, components, design, and other technologies. There are many uncertainties such systems will face throughout their life cycles due to changes in internal and external conditions, or states of interest, to the designer, such as technology readiness, market conditions, or system health. These states of interest affect the success of the system design with respect to the main objectives and application of the system, and are generally uncertain over the life cycle of the system. To address such uncertainties, we propose a resilient design approach for engineering systems. We utilize a Kalman filter approach to model the uncertain future states of interest. Then, based upon the modeled states, the optimal change in the design of the system is achieved to respond to the new states. This resilient method is applicable in systems when the ability to change is embedded in the system design. A design framework is proposed encompassing a set of definitions, metrics, and methodologies. A case study of a communication satellite system is presented to illustrate the features of the approach.
Multiphase flow in lab on chip devices: a real tool for the future?

Many applications for lab on a chip (LOC) devices require the use of two or more fluids that are either not chemically related (e.g. oil and water) or in different phases (e.g. liquid and gas). Utilizing multiphase flow in LOC devices allows for both the fundamental study of multiphase flow and the development of novel types of pumping, mixing, reaction, separation, and detection technologies. Current examples of multiphase LOC applications include inkjet printers, separation of biochemical samples, manipulation of biomolecules, bio-sensing, enhanced mixing for bio-sample reactions, biomolecule detection, microelectronic cooling, drug delivery devices, explosives detection, dairy analysis, bubble computing and analysis of emulsions, foams, and bubble coalescence. In this focus article, we will briefly review the basics of multiphase flow with reference to microfluidic systems, describe some of the most promising flow control methods for multiphase fluid systems, and discuss our thoughts about future directions of microfluidic multiphase flow.
The Superoxide Dismutase from Red Claw Crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus: Molecular Cloning and Characterization Analysis

In the present study, an extracellular copper—zinc superoxide dismutase (ecCuZnSOD) gene and a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mtMnSOD) gene were cloned from hemocytes of red claw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus. The open reading frame (ORF) of ecCuZnSOD is 498 bp and encodes a 166 amino acids (aa) protein, whereas the ORF of mtMnSOD is 654 bp and encodes a 218 aa protein. The amino acid sequences of C. quadricarinatus ecCuZnSOD and mtMnSOD showed high similarities with those of ecCuZnSODs and mtMnSODs of other crustaceans, respectively. Both ecCuZnSOD and mtMnSOD of C. quadricarinatus were highly expressed in hepatopancreas, hemocytes, intestine, and gill; low transcript levels were seen in other tissues (heart, muscle, and nerve). The immune responses of ecCuZnSOD and mtMnSOD were studied following inoculation with Spiroplasma eriocheiris and Aeromonas hydrophila. After S. eriocheiris or A. hydrophila challenge, mRNA transcription of ecCuZnSOD and mtMnSOD in hemocytes and gill was upregulated. mRNA transcription of ecCuZnSOD in the hepatopancreas was also upregulated after S. eriocheiris or A. hydrophila inoculation. mtMnSOD in hepatopancreas was upregulated after A. hydrophila inoculation, whereas this was down-regulated after S. eriocheiris challenge. After S. eriocheiris and A. hydrophila challenge, total SOD activity and CuZnSOD activity both increased compared to control group. The results showed that these SODs from C. quadricarinatus likely play an important role in protecting some tissues from reactive oxygen intermediates produced during challenge from S. eriocheiris and A. hydrophila.
Detection of human faces in complex scene images by use of a skin color model and of invariant Fourier-Mellin moments

We use a skin color model based on the Mahalanobis metric and a shape analysis based on invariant Fourier-Mellin moments to automatically detect and locate human faces in two-dimensional complex scene images. First, color segmentation of an input image is performed by thresholding in a normalized hue-saturation. Color space where the effects of the variability of human skin color and the dependency of chrominance on changes in illumination are reduced. We then group regions of the resulting binary image that have been classified as face candidates into clusters of connected pixels. Discarding the smallest clusters in the image ensures that only a small number of clusters will be used for further analysis. Fully translation-, scale- and in-plane rotation-invariant moments are calculated for each remaining cluster Finally, in order to distinguish faces from distractors, a multilayer perceptron neural network is used with the invariant moments as the input vector supervised learning of the network is implemented with the backpropagation algorithm, at first for frontal views of faces. Preliminary results show the efficiency of the combination of color segmentation and of invariant moments in detecting faces with a large variety of poses and against relatively complex backgrounds.
Reduced number of CFTR molecules in erythrocyte plasma membrane of cystic fibrosis patients

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common genetic disease among Caucasians, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator). The most frequent mutation, ΔF508, results in protein misfolding and, as a consequence, prevents CFTR from reaching its final location at the cell surface. CFTR is expressed in various cell types including red blood cells. The functional role of CFTR in erythrocytes is still unclear. Since the number of CFTR copies in a single erythrocyte of healthy donors and CF patients with a homozygous ΔF508 mutation is unknown, we counted CFTR, localized in erythrocyte plasma membrane, at the single molecule level. A novel experimental approach combining atomic force microscopy with quantum-dot-labeled anti-CFTR antibodies, used as topographic surface markers, was employed to detect individual CFTR molecules. Analysis of erythrocyte plasma membranes taken from healthy donors and CF patients with a homozygous ΔF508 mutation reveals mean (SEM) values of 698 (12.8) (n=542) and 172 (3.8) (n=538) CFTR molecules per red blood cell, respectively. We conclude that erythrocytes reflect the CFTR status of the organism and that quantification of CFTR in a blood sample could be useful in the diagnosis of CFTR related diseases.
Role of lipopolysaccharide in signaling to subepithelial polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) infiltration and migration across colonic intestinal epithelia is a hallmark of inflammation in Shigella flexneri-mediated dysentery. To identify bacterial signals associated with this process, potential stimulatory factors mediating initial PMN association with the epithelium and subsequent transepithelial migration were examined in an in vitro model system. Quantitative analyses revealed that purified S. flexneri lipopolysaccharide (LPS) deposited at the apical surface of polarized intestinal epithelial cells transcytosed to the basolateral pole, a process dependent on the stage of epithelial cell differentiation. Transcytosed LPS in the presence of normal human serum (NHS), a source of LPS binding protein and soluble CD14, mediated both interleukin-8 secretion at the basolateral pole and enhanced PMN adherence. In addition, LPS stimulated a significant degree of directed transepithelial migration of PMNs, an event that was further enhanced in the presence of NHS. These results implicate LPS in signaling subepithelial PMN emigration and enhancing PMN-epithelium interactions prior to and during subsequent Shigella-induced transepithelial migration.
Correlated paternity measures mate monopolization and scales with the magnitude of sexual selection

Indirect measures of sexual selection have been criticized because they can overestimate the magnitude of selection. In particular, they do not account for the degree to which mating opportunities can be monopolized by individuals of the sex that compete for mates. We introduce a measure of mate monopolization (m) based on the magnitude of correlated paternity and evaluate its ability to track changes in the magnitude of sexual selection. Simulation models were used to compare how well m tracked changes in the selection differential (s) for a trait regulating mating success. We further evaluated the association between m and s using ten replicate mating arrays of Sagittaria latifolia in which plants with contrasting alleles at microsatellite loci competed for siring opportunities. The computer models and mating arrays both demonstrated a positive linear association between m and s, supporting the utility of m as an index of sexual selection. Commonly used measures of sexual selection are not easily applied to organisms, such as the flowering plants, for which mating events are difficult to observe. The measure of mate monopolization introduced here could prove to be a useful addition to studies of sexual selection in these organisms.
Improving accountability for children's health: Immunization registries and public reporting of coverage in Canada.

Routine childhood immunizations remain one of the most cost-effective preventive health interventions. As such, immunization coverage is a well-established performance measure of the primary care (1) and public health (2) systems. We have called for reporting on the performance of the Canadian public health system, including childhood immunization coverage (3), but this has not yet become universally routine or public. Canada ranks last among reporting Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries for up-to-date pertussis coverage at two years of age (4), and we continue to have outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. The most recent publicly available results are from the 2004 National Immunization Coverage Survey, a telephone household survey conducted by the Public Health Agency of Canada (5). Complete up-to-date coverage is very low: 61% among two-year-old children and 41% among seven-year-old children. Assigning accountability for this poor health system performance and improving coverage is complex. Provision of childhood immunizations across Canada varies both across and within provinces and territories. For example, for routine childhood immunizations, over 90% are given by physicians in Ontario, whereas close to 100% are administered by public health nurses in Alberta, Nunavut, Prince Edward Island and the Northwest Territories. However, even within one jurisdiction, a child might receive immunizations from multiple providers across a number of settings (primary series from a primary care physician, hepatitis B from a public health nurse in school or influenza from a nurse in a public health clinic). The national data, although helpful in drawing a broad picture of overall coverage, cannot be reported at the level responsible for providing immunizations (ie, public health unit or primary care practice) or identify communities of underimmunized populations. Province/territory (P/T) immunization registries, on the other hand, have the potential to serve a number of important functions, including timely reporting of coverage, identifying populations with low coverage, monitoring programs designed to achieve target rates, and generating reminders and recalls, which is shown to be one of the most effective strategies for improving coverage irrespective of the provider (6). A number of countries have achieved population-based immunization registries. The Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (7), operational since 1996, was the first complete national immunization registry. More recently, Great Britain, New Zealand and Denmark have developed registries and have achieved high rates of immunization coverage (8). In the United States, even with its challenges surrounding universal health coverage, 56% of children younger than six years of age are enrolled in a city or state registry (9).
Detection of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells by ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Currently circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent attractive predictive and prognostic biomarkers. CTCs may be used to evaluate the treatment efficacy, to assess prognosis, to predict the risk of recurrence in several cancers, including lung cancer (1). CTCs are extremely rare in the bloodstream approximately with a frequency of 1 CTC per 10 6 –10 7 leukocytes, therefore highly specific and sensitive methods are required to their detection (2).
A computationally efficient simulation chain for OFDM-based wireless systems

We present a method for modeling OFDM transmission over time- and frequency-selective fading channels using finite-state hidden Markov models. The proposed approach has improved fading autocorrelation accuracy compared to previous related models. Also, we present a way of producing log likelihood ratio values as output of the finite-state model for any signal constellation. As a case study, we configure the proposed model according to the second generation terrestrial digital video broadcast system operating over a typical urban mobile channel.
Degree sums and dense spanning trees

Finding dense spanning trees (DST) in unweighted graphs is a variation of the well studied minimum spanning tree problem (MST). We utilize established mathematical properties of extremal structures with the minimum sum of distances between vertices to formulate some general conditions on the sum of vertex degrees. We analyze the performance of various combinations of these degree sum conditions in finding dense spanning subtrees and apply our approach to practical examples. After briefly describing our algorithm we also show how it can be used on variations of DST, motivated by variations of MST. Our work provide some insights on the role of various degree sums in forming dense spanning trees and hopefully lay the foundation for finding fast algorithms or heuristics for related problems.
Stable Sensorless Localization of 3-D Objects

In general, localization is a very important step in the manufacturing process, which can be considered as a prior process of assembly, machining, transportation, etc. Localization can be achieved with or without sensors. Compared with localization with sensors, localization without sensors can be more reliable, cheaper, and can have lower requirements on the environment. For example, localization without sensors can be achieved in a dark environment. However, it is more restrictive to the condition of the system. Localization of 2-D objects without sensors has been deeply investigated. Some theoretical results on 3-D-object localization without sensors have been given. On the other hand, some work has been carried out that tries to find methods to reduce uncertainties in the 3-D orientation of a polyhedron (i.e., the orientation of the polyhedron in a 3-D space). However, to the best of our knowledge, no practical and effective methods have been proposed, so far, to localize a polyhedron from any initial 3-D orientation to a unique 3-D orientation without sensors. This paper aims to find conditions and strategies for 3-D objects to be rotated from an unknown initial stable state to a unique stable state without sensors. The main contributions of this paper are given as follows: 1) It is discovered and proved that there are two classes of 3-D objects that can be rotated into a unique state from an arbitrary initial state without sensory feedback. 2) For these two classes of objects, the practical strategies are presented, and one example for each class is given to show the validity of the strategy. 3) Based on the above results, the robotic system and localization operations are illustrated, and some experimental results are given.
Engineering of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Bypass inSaccharomyces cerevisiae: Role of the Cytosolic Mg2+ and Mitochondrial K+ Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenases Ald6p and Ald4p in Acetate Formation during Alcoholic Fermentation

ABSTRACT Acetic acid plays a crucial role in the organoleptic balance of many fermented products. We have investigated the factors controlling the production of acetate by Saccharomyces cerevisiaeduring alcoholic fermentation by metabolic engineering of the enzymatic steps involved in its formation and its utilization. The impact of reduced pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), limited acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ACDH), or increased acetoacetyl coenzyme A synthetase (ACS) levels in a strain derived from a wine yeast strain was studied during alcoholic fermentation. In the strain with the PDC1gene deleted exhibiting 25% of the PDC activity of the wild type, no significant differences were observed in the acetate yield or in the amounts of secondary metabolites formed. A strain overexpressingACS2 and displaying a four- to sevenfold increase in ACS activity did not produce reduced acetate levels. In contrast, strains with one or two disrupted copies of ALD6, encoding the cytosolic Mg2+-activated NADP-dependent ACDH and exhibiting 60 and 30% of wild-type ACDH activity, showed a substantial decrease in acetate yield (the acetate production was 75 and 40% of wild-type production, respectively). This decrease was associated with a rerouting of carbon flux towards the formation of glycerol, succinate, and butanediol. The deletion of ALD4, encoding the mitochondrial K+-activated NAD(P)-linked ACDH, had no effect on the amount of acetate formed. In contrast, a strain lacking both Ald6p and Ald4p exhibited a long delay in growth and acetate production, suggesting that Ald4p can partially replace the Ald6p isoform. Moreover, the ald6 ald4 double mutant was still able to ferment large amounts of sugar and to produce acetate, suggesting the contribution of another member(s) of the ALDfamily.