Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bereavement care in general practice: a cluster-randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND The loss of a loved person may lead to complicated grief (CG). General practitioners (GPs) consider bereavement care to be important but find training for this task to be insufficient. We hypothesized that improvement in skills that facilitate early identification of CG and enhance GPs' clinical care may reduce adverse health outcomes. Aim. To test whether implementation of a bereavement management program in general practice could improve the GPs' ability to identify CG and provide clinical care. DESIGN A cluster-randomized controlled trial allocating GPs and their listed patients suffering from bereavement to either a intervention or a control group. SETTING Close relatives of patients who had died from cancer in Denmark were recruited (N = 402). METHOD The primary outcomes were defined as the bereaved relatives' score on the Beck's Depression Inventory II and the Inventory of Complicated Grief-Revised (ICG-R), the GP's clinical assessment of the relative's grief reaction and the relative's number of contacts with general practice. RESULTS Larger improvements in ICG-R scores were found in the intervention group than in the control group. In the intervention group, patients exhibiting CG symptoms were more likely to receive supportive care and to be referred to mental health practitioners, whereas GP's in the control group more often prescribed psychotropic drugs for patients with symptoms of CG. The GP's ability to identify CG at 13 months did not seem to be better in the intervention group than in the control group. CONCLUSION While only statistically near significant, we found some indications of an effect of the intervention compared with usual care. Our results underscore the need for improving GPs' clinical skills in identifying patients with CG.
Neural Networks - A Systematic Introduction

We may not be able to make you love reading, but neural networks a systematic introduction will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
On the effect of discrete numbers of stars in chemical evolution models

We examine the impact of discrete numbers of stars in stellar populations on the results of Chemical Evolution Models. We explore the resulting dispersion in the true yields and their possible relation with the dispersion in observational data based on a Simple Closed-Box model. In this framework we find that the dispersion is larger for the less evolved or low abundance regions. Thus, the age-metallicity relation may be a tracer of the Star Formation History of our Galaxy. This theoretical dispersion is especially high for the relative abundance log(N/O) in regions where the total number of stars created is still low. This may explain part of the scatter in the N/O ratio observed in star forming galaxies. We have also found a first order theoretical estimation for the goodness of a linear fit of the helium abundance vs. 12+ log (O/H) with values of the regression coecient between 0.9 and 0.7 (independent of sampling eects). We conclude that it is necessary to include these sampling eects in a more realistic Chemical Evolution Model in order that such a model reproduces, at the same time, the mean value and the dispersion of observed abundances.
With a little help from my friends: Self‐interested and prosocial behavior on MySpace Music

In this article, we explore the dynamics of prosocial and self‐interested behavior among musicians on MySpace Music. MySpace Music is an important platform for social interactions and at the same time provides musicians with the opportunity for significant profit. We argue that these forces can be in tension with each other, encouraging musicians to make strategic choices about using MySpace to promote their own or others' rewards. We look for evidence of self‐interested and prosocial “friending” strategies in the social network created by Top Friends links. We find strong evidence that individual preferences for prosocial and self‐interested behavior influence friending strategies. Furthermore, our data illustrate a robust relationship between increased prominence and increased attention to others' rewards. These results shed light on how musicians manage their interactions in complex online environments and extend research on social values by demonstrating consistent preferences for prosocial or self‐interested behavior in a multifaceted online setting.
Finding Structure in Wikipedia Edit Activity: An Information Cascade Approach

This paper documents a study of the real-time Wikipedia edit stream containing over 6 million edits on 1.5 million English Wikipedia articles, during 2015. We focus on answering questions related to identification and use of information cascades between Wikipedia articles, based on author editing activity. Our findings show that by constructing information cascades between Wikipedia articles using editing activity, we are able to construct an alternative linking structure in comparison to the embedded links within a Wikipedia page. This alternative article hyperlink structure was found to be relevant in topic, and timely in relation to external global events (e.g., political activity). Based on our analysis, we contextualise the findings against areas of interest such as events detection, vandalism, edit wars, and editing behaviour.
Extended Conflict-Based Search for the Convoy Movement Problem

The Convoy Movement Problem (CMP) is a common military scenario that requires a clash-free plan for moving large convoys from one location to another with constraints on time and space. This article proposes a distributed agent-based approach for CMP that meets most on-field deployment constraints. The solution is based on a multi-agent path-finding algorithm called conflict-based search (CBS) for point objects. Convoys can't be regarded as point objects: their length can be significantly longer than the edges on which they travel. Hence, a modification to the CBS algorithm makes it applicable to spatially extended objects. This eXtended CBS (XCBS) algorithm has been used to solve the CMP while meeting most of its constraints. The algorithm has been tested on road networks with as many as 40,000 vertices and 79,600 edges for 800 convoys.
Impact of new laboratory studies of N2O5 hydrolysis on global model budgets of tropospheric nitrogen oxides, ozone, and OH

We investigate the impact of new laboratory studies of N2O5 hydrolysis in aerosols on global model simulations of tropospheric chemistry. We use data from these new studies to parameterize the reaction probability (γN2O5) in the GEOS‐CHEM global model as a function of local aerosol composition, temperature, and relative humidity. We find a much lower global mean γN2O5 (0.02) than commonly assumed in models (0.1). Relative to a model simulation assuming a uniform γN2O5 = 0.1, we find increases in mass‐averaged tropospheric NOx, O3, and OH concentrations of 7%, 4%, and 8% respectively. The increases in NOx and O3 concentrations bring the GEOS‐CHEM simulation in better agreement with climatological observations.
Institute of Perception, Action and Behaviour Learning to Forage through Imitation Learning to Forage through Imitation Learning to Forage through Imitation

This paper reports on a set of learning experiments which could be considered as first steps towards learning at different levels of a hierarchical approach to imitation learning. A learner robot knows a priori how to execute some behaviours but does not know when. By following a teacher robot through a series of experiences and through imitating the demonstrated behaviours, the learner robot learns when to execute each behaviour and subsequently learns how to forage. The performance of the learner as well as the factors that affect its performance are described. The authors and the University of Edinburgh retain the right to reproduce and publish this paper for non-commercial purposes. Permission is granted for this report to be reproduced by others for non-commercial purposes as long as this copyright notice is reprinted in full in any reproduction. Applications to make other use of the material should be addressed in the first instance to Copyright Permissions, ABSTRACT This paper reports on a set of learning experiments which could be considered as first steps towards learning at different levels of a hierarchical approach to imitation learning. A learner robot knows a priori how to execute some behaviours but does not know when. By following a teacher robot through a series of experiences and through imitating the demonstrated behaviours, the learner robot learns when to execute each behaviour and subsequently learns how to forage. The performance of the learner as well as the factors that affect its performance are described.
Curvature flows on four manifolds with boundary

Given a compact four dimensional smooth Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ with smooth boundary, we consider the evolution equation by $Q$-curvature in the interior keeping the $T$-curvature and the mean curvature to be zero and the evolution equation by $T$-curvature at the boundary with the condition that the $Q$-curvature and the mean curvature vanish. Using integral method, we prove global existence and convergence for the $Q$-curvature flow (resp $T$-curvature flow) to smooth metric of prescribed $Q$-curvature (resp $T$-curvature) under conformally invariant assumptions.
The logic of propagation in the inscape environment

The Inscape Environment research project addresses issues in supporting the development of large systems by large numbers of programmers. One aspect of this research is the “constructive use” of formal module interface specifications - that is, given that you have formal specifications, what can you do with them. In Inscape, the specifications form the basis for providing an environment that is knowledgeable about the process of developing and evolving software systems, an environment that works in symbiosis with the programmer to develop and evolve a software system. In this discussion, I present how Inscape uses operation specifications (based on Hoare's input/output predicate approach) as the basis for synthesizing the interfaces for such complex languages statements as sequence, selection and iteration. In each of these statements, the synthesized interface is a function of the component interfaces. I first present the basic rules for interface specification use and the logical framework for interface propagation and error detection. I then define the rules for propagating the interfaces for sequence, selection, iteration and operation. Finally, I define notions of “implementation completeness and correctness”.
Iterative cohort analysis and exploration

Cohort analysis is a widely used technique for the investigation of risk factors for groups of people. It is commonly employed to gain insights about interesting subsets of a population in fields such as medicine, bioinformatics, and social science. The nature of these analyses is evolving as larger collections of data about individuals become available. Examples of emerging large-scale data sources include electronic medical record systems and social network datasets. When domain experts perform cohort analyses using such massive datasets, they typically rely on a team of technologists to help manage and process the data. This results in a slow and cumbersome analysis process in which iterative exploration is difficult. To address this challenge, we are exploring technologies designed to help domain experts work more independently and more quickly. This article describes CAVA, a platform for Cohort Analysis via Visual Analytics. We introduce three primary types of artifacts (cohorts, views, and analytics) and an architecture that connects these elements together to provide an interactive exploratory analysis environment designed for domain experts. In addition to the CAVA design, this article presents two use cases from the health-care domain and a domain-expert evaluation to demonstrate the power of our approach.
Design, Simulation And Testing Of Planar Spiral Coils For The Time-Gated Interrogation Of Quartz Resonator Sensors

A technique for contactless electromagnetic interrogation of quartz resonator sensors is proposed and validated. The technique is based on the separation in time of the excitation and detection phases, exploiting the sensing of the transient response of the resonator. Contactless operation is achieved by means of electromagnetic coupling between spiral planar coils connected to the interrogation circuit and the sensor. The typical operating frequencies of quartz resonators in the megahertz range limit the working range to short distances. Analytical modeling and numerical and finite element simulation of the geometry of the coils have allowed to extend working operating distances up to 10 cm.
Matthews Model of Clinical Reasoning: A Systematic Approach to Conceptualize Evaluation and Intervention

ABSTRACT Clinical reasoning is a complex process required for effective therapeutic encounters. Its development is poorly understood. The clinical reasoning process is placed in a historical context based on the occupational therapy literature. An emerging model of clinical reasoning is proposed. This model of clinical reasoning provides a unique perspective in order to compartmentalize the person, environment, and occupation constructs around the person’s life story, connect it directly to the occupational therapy practice framework, and determine treatment priorities, emphasizing a client-centered perspective. A client-centered model of clinical reasoning supports efforts to provide effective intervention.
Subthreshold Degradation of Gate-all-Around Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors: Effect of Interface Trap Charge

We measured and analyzed the subthreshold degradation of the gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire field-effect transistors with the length of 300/500 nm and the radius of 5 nm. An analytical model incorporating the effect of interface traps quantitatively explained the measured subthreshold swing (SS) degradation. A simple electrostatic argument showed that the GAA device had smaller degradation of SS values than planar devices for the same interface trap densities.
A Queueing Theoretic Approach to Set Staffing Levels in Time-Dependent Dual-Class Service Systems

This article addresses the optimal staffing problem for a nonpreemptive priority queue with two customer classes and a time-dependent arrival rate. The problem is related to several important service settings such as call centers and emergency departments where the customers are grouped into two classes of “high priority” and “low priority,” and the services are typically evaluated according to the proportion of customers who are responded to within targeted response times. To date, only approximation methods have been explored to generate staffing requirements for time-dependent dual-class services, but we propose a tractable numerical approach to evaluate system behavior and generate safe minimum staffing levels using mixed discrete-continuous time Markov chains (MDCTMCs). Our approach is delicate in that it accounts for the behavior of the system under a number of different rules that may be imposed on staff if they are busy when due to leave and involves explicitly calculating delay distributions for two customer classes. Ultimately, we embed our methodology in a proposed extension of the Euler method, coined Euler Pri, that can cope with two customer classes, and use it to recommend staffing levels for the Welsh Ambulance Service Trust (WAST).
Data-driven crowdsourcing: Management, mining, and applications

In this 3-hour tutorial, we present the landscape of recent developments in data management and mining research, and survey a selected set of state-of-the-art works that significantly extended existing database reserach in order to incorporate and exploit the novel notion of “crowdsourcing” in a creative fashion. In particular, three speakers take turns to present the topics of human-powered database operations, crowdsourced data mining, and the application of crowdsourcing in social media, respectively.
Data in Context: Aiding News Consumers while Taming Dataspaces

We present MuckRaker, a tool that provides news consumers with datasets and visualizations that contextualize facts and figures in the articles they read. MuckRaker takes advantage of data integration techniques to identify matching datasets, and makes use of data and schema extraction algorithms to identify data points of interest in articles. It presents the output of these algorithms to users requesting additional context, and allows users to further refine these outputs. In doing so, MuckRaker creates a synergistic relationship between news consumers and the database research community, providing training data to improve existing algorithms, and a grand challenge for the next generation of dataspace management research.
Migração de Crise: a migração haitiana para o Brasil

The main objective of this paper is to study the migration of Haitians toBrazil, from the theoretical perspective of a crisis migration (SIMON, 1995; CLOCHARD, 2007). It starts with the reconstruction of emigration fromHaiti, all the way to the consolidation ofBrazilas a strategic space for this migratory flow, whether as a country of destination or transit (FERNANDES et al., 2014; BAENINGER; PERES, 2015). Facing the complex backdrop of international migration in the country, this paper discusses the contribution of mixed methodologies (ARIZA; GANDINI, 2012), using administrative records as well as field research. The socio-demographic profile of these immigrants reveals important characteristics, such as their documented condition, by the granting of humanitarian visas or refuge status requests. This feature of Haitian immigrants inBrazildefines a different dynamic compared to other migrant populations in the country, vis-a-vis their inclusion in the formal labor market and their internal migration. Haitian presence inBrazilindicates the complexity of the social field of crisis migration and its challenges in the international logic of emigration from peripheral countries to the periphery of capital (BASSO, 2003).
Building Spoken Language Systems

The Spoken Language Systems Lab was formally created in 2001, bringing together the expertise of several research groups that shared a common goal: to bridge the gap between natural spoken language and the underlying semantic information, focusing on European Portuguese. This paper describes our efforts towards this long-term goal, starting by the two main areas of activity: semantic processing of multimedia contents, and multimodal dialogue systems. These strongly interdisciplinary areas integrate several core technologies developed in the lab, namely speech recognition and synthesis. This interdisciplinarity is also strongly patent in the the lab's most recent activities, such as speech-to-speech translation.
Quality Evaluation for Document Relation Discovery Using Citation Information

Assessment of discovered patterns is an important issue in the field of knowledge discovery. This paper presents an evaluation method that utilizes citation (reference) information to assess the quality of discovered document relations. With the concept of transitivity as direct/indirect citations, a series of evaluation criteria is introduced to define the validity of discovered relations. Two kinds of validity, called soft validity and hard validity, are proposed to express the quality of the discovered relations. For the purpose of impartial comparison, the expected validity is statistically estimated based on the generative probability of each relation pattern. The proposed evaluation is investigated using more than 10,000 documents obtained from a research publication database. With frequent itemset mining as a process to discover document relations, the proposed method was shown to be a powerful way to evaluate the relations in four aspects: soft/hard scoring, direct/indirect citation, relative quality over the expected value, and comparison to human judgment.
Automated Model-Based Configuration of Enterprise Java Applications

The decentralized process of configuring enterprise applications is complex and error-prone, involving multiple participants/roles and numerous configuration changes across multiple files, application server settings, and database decisions. This paper describes an approach to automated enterprise application configuration that uses a feature model, executes a series of probes to verify configuration properties, formalizes feature selection as a constraint satisfaction problem, and applies constraint logic programming techniques to derive a correct application configuration. To validate the approach, we developed a configuration engine, called Fresh, for enterprise Java applications and conducted experiments to measure how effectively Fresh can configure the canonical Java Pet Store application. Our results show that Fresh reduces the number of lines of hand written XML code by up to 92% and the total number of configuration steps by up to 72%.
Studying Different Variants of PBIL to Solve a Real-World FAP Problem in GSM Networks

In this paper we study different versions of the PBIL (population-based incremental learning) algorithm to evaluate and try to improve the results obtained by the standard version of the algorithm when it is used to solve a realistic-sized frequency assignment problem (FAP). PBIL is based on genetic algorithms and competitive learning, being a population evolution model based on probabilistic models. On the other hand, it is important to point out that frequency planning is a very important task for current GSM operators. The FAP problem consists in trying to minimize the number of interferences (or conflicts in the communications) caused when a limited number of frequencies has to be assigned to a quite high number of transceivers (and there are much more transceivers than frequencies). In the work presented here we take as initial point the results obtained with the standard version of PBIL and we perform on the one hand a complete study with six variations of the algorithm (PBIL-negativeLR, PBIL-different, etc.) and on the other hand a hybridization between PBIL and a local search method. Our final goal is to discover which approach can compute the most accurate frequency plans for real-world instances.