Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Text-message reminders to improve sunscreen use: a randomized, controlled trial using electronic monitoring.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of cellular telephone text messaging as a reminder tool for improving adherence to sunscreen application. DESIGN We conducted a randomized, controlled trial of the effect of an electronic text-message reminder system on adherence to sunscreen application. Adherence to daily sunscreen use was evaluated using a novel electronic monitoring device. SETTING Participants were recruited from the general community. PARTICIPANTS Seventy participants constituted a volunteer sample from the general community. The inclusion criteria required participants to be 18 years or older, to own a cellular telephone with text-message features, and to know how to retrieve text messages. Intervention Half of the participants received daily text-message reminders via cellular telephone for 6 weeks, and the other half did not receive reminders. The text-message reminders consisted of 2 components: a "hook" text detailing daily local weather information and a "prompt" text reminding users to apply sunscreen. Main Outcome Measure The primary end point of the study was adherence to sunscreen application measured by the number of days participants applied sunscreen during the 6-week study period. RESULTS All 70 participants completed the 6-week study. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 study groups. At the end of the study period, the 35 participants who did not receive reminders had a mean daily adherence rate of 30.0% (95% confidence interval, 23.1%-36.9%). In comparison, the 35 participants who received daily text-message reminders had a mean daily adherence rate of 56.1% (95% confidence interval, 48.1%-64.1%) (P < .001). Among the participants in the reminder group, 24 (69%) reported that they would keep using the text-message reminders after the study, and 31 (89%) reported that they would recommend the text-message reminder system to others. Subgroup analysis did not reveal any significant demographic factors that predicted adherence. CONCLUSIONS Despite awareness of the benefits of sunscreen, adherence is low, even in this population, for whom adherence was knowingly monitored. Short-term data demonstrate that using existing cellular telephone text-message technology offers an innovative, low-cost, and effective method of improving adherence to sunscreen application. The use of ubiquitous communications technology, such as text messaging, may have implications for large-scale public health initiatives. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00535769.
Los determinantes de la confianza del comprador online. Comparación con el caso de subasta

[ES] Los trabajos de investigacion sobre comercio electronico en Internet ocupan gran parte de la investigacion de marketing, pero son pocos aun los que se han ocupado de estudiar el sistema de subasta. Ante las peculiares caracteristicas de una compra online, transmitir confianza al consumidor en este contexto es uno de los retos mas importantes y dificiles en comparacion con la compra offline. No obstante, es de esperar que las senales generadoras de confianza sean diferentes en la compra online por subasta que en la compra online en otros sitios web.
Eleven year cycle of dust concentration variability observed in the dust profile of the GISP2 Ice core from central Greenland: Possible solar cycle connection

We have re‐examined the dust record from the GISP2 ice core retrieved from central Greenland and found that the background dust concentration is modulated with a period of 11 years all the way back to ice from at least 100,000 yrs BP. The only known, relevant, naturally occurring phenomenon with such a period is the well‐known solar cycle. We believe that the background modulation we observe is related to the solar cycle and discuss this hypothesis.
INDUKSI MUTASI MELALUI IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERGADAP BENIH MENINGKATKAN KERAGAMAN POPULASI DASAR JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L.)

Base population.variance i, u.r, ,n',no*,-,1ilHff.eding progranr. Mularion inducrion by gamma irradiation was known to increase population variance in rnany ptant. itre oUiective of this research was to study population respons of several maize inbred lines to gamma irradiation. The research was conducted in two consecutive steps' i.e' determination of LD50 and gamma irradiation experiment. The result shgwed growth respon patern to irradiation were varied ! ine to Iine. Radiosensitiveness were also varied amonthga tin ebarerldy lines indicated by the LDro ranging froln 97 oy to 424 cy. Base population variance increase tremendousely due to gamma irrad iation at LDr. Leaf numbeq leaf length, ano tearwiain variance increase in the range ofiao/o - g0% and plant height variance inirease 250% - 1300%among lines.
Two‐ and three‐dimensional modeling of hydrothermal convection in the sedimented Middle Valley segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge

The heat flow map derived from 550 measurements collected in a the southern portion of the sedimented rift in Middle Valley, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge, displays kilometer-sized quasi-circular regions of very high heat flow. Some of these domains, explored during Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) leg 139, are thought to be discharge zones of large-scale hydrothermal plumes. To understand this unique data set, we modeled the kilometer-scale hydrothermal circulation within both the sedimentary and the igneous crust, using a set of two- and three-dimensional models that use a numerical technique based on horizontal spectral decomposition of the flow equations. These models include variations in the viscosity and density of the hydrothermal fluids with temperature. We examine the variations in flow patterns due to different permeability-versus-depth distribution within sediment and pillow layers. Models with the same permeability in both layers do not match the seafloor heat flow field in Middle Valley. When the permeability decreases from the bottom to the top of the simulation domain by a factor greater than 20, convection assumes a plume pattern to produce surface heat flow comparable to that observed in Middle Valley. Within the models the ratio of the heat flux above the recharge and discharge domains is directly related to the vertical harmonic mean of the permeability field. A value of 7×10−16 m2 provides a good match to the heat flow observations. The Darcy velocities of the hydrothermal fluids in the discharge areas approach 16 cm/yr while in the recharge areas they are lower than 3 cm/yr. These rates and the temperature inside the plumes are sufficiently high to produce the observed massive sulfide deposits and mineral alterations in 1–2 × 105 years. The dynamic pressure produced by the hydrothermal flow matches the pressure measured in drill sites. This process may play a major role in compaction, fracturing, and uplift of the sediment cover. For example, the dynamic pressure in the ascending plume equals the lithostatic pressure at a depth of 50 m. Resulting hydrofracturing could explain the genesis of the vent fields associated with the hydrothermal discharge.
Possibilistic constrained optimization to tune fuzzy rules formalizing medical knowledge by preserving linguistic interpretability

Fuzzy Logic can be reckoned as a suitable formal approach to represent medical rules in a computable format without loosing their linguistic interpretability. However, this capacity could be overlooked in favor of prediction accuracy. Usually, to simultaneously optimize two conflicting properties such as accuracy and semantic interpretability, multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are adopted. In this paper we propose to consider interpretability-accuracy tradeoff problem as a constrained optimization problem. A Differential Evolution algorithm, suitably adapted to the aim, is used for membership function tuning by maximizing accuracy and fulfilling several constraints for linguistic distinguishability degrees - a semantic property of fuzzy sets with notable relevance for interpretability of fuzzy models - evaluated through Possibility Theory. The proposed approach has been tested on the Vertebral Column Data set, a recent medical database publicly available, with results that confirm the effectiveness of our method.
Automatic Selective Disassembly and Path Planning for the Simulation of Maintenance Operations

Maintenance operations have a great impact in the security and life expectancy of any product. Virtual Reality can help reducing costs and design time by moving testing from physical mock-ups to virtual ones. VR allows the application of additional tools not possible in a physical mock-up. The increase in power of current computers allows their use not only for visualization and interaction but also for geometrical analysis and reasoning. These capabilities provide designers with tools that can increase their productivity. This paper proposes methods for the generation of selective disassembly plans and the generation of collision free trajectories in the context of interactive simulation of maintenance operations. These methods provide a design team with additional tools to asses a design, prior to the construction of physical mock-ups and, therefore, reducing the cost of a project
Nonstationary influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on European precipitation

[1] This paper analyzes the changing role of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in European precipitation in relation to interdecadal shifts in the atmospheric dynamic over the North Atlantic region. For this purpose, moving window correlations between precipitation and NAO have been related to the interdecadal variability of atmospheric pressure patterns. Analyses have been replicated using observed climate data for the twentieth century, paleoclimate reconstructions since 1785, and physically modeled climate by AOGCMs (CGCM3.1(T63), 20C3M). Results evidence that nonstationary relationship of the NAO across Europe is linked to interdecadal shifts in the location of the positions of the NAO pressure centers, which have been occurred at least since the last 2 centuries. Such displacement of the pressure NAO centers points to possible existence of different NAO patterns, which may help to explain why studies relating NAO to European climate behavior have not shown systematically strong correlations in the course of the twentieth century. A general trend toward a strengthening of the NAO-precipitation relationship over most of Europe has been detected for the twentieth century.
Statistical mechanics of neocortical interactions: Canonical momenta indicatorsof electroencephalography

A series of papers has developed a statistical mechanics of neocortical interactions (SMNI), deriving aggregate behavior of experimentally observed columns of neurons from statistical electrical-chemical properties of synaptic interactions. While not useful to yield insights at the single neuron level, SMNI has demonstrated its capability in describing large-scale properties of short-term memory and electroencephalographic (EEG) systematics. The necessity of including nonlinear and stochastic structures in this development has been stressed. Sets of EEG and evoked potential data were fit, collected to investigate genetic predispositions to alcoholism and to extract brain ``signatures'' of short-term memory. Adaptive simulated annealing (ASA), a global optimization algorithm, was used to perform maximum likelihood fits of Lagrangians defined by path integrals of multivariate conditional probabilities. Canonical momenta indicators (CMI) are thereby derived for an individual's EEG data. The CMI give better signal recognition than the raw data, and can be used to advantage as correlates of behavioral states. These results give strong quantitative support for an accurate intuitive picture, portraying neocortical interactions as having common algebraic or physics mechanisms that scale across quite disparate spatial scales and functional or behavioral phenomena, i.e., describing interactions among neurons, columns of neurons, and regional masses of neurons.
Functional and Structural Mimicry of Cellular Protein Kinase A Anchoring Proteins by a Viral Oncoprotein

The oncoproteins of the small DNA tumor viruses interact with a plethora of cellular regulators to commandeer control of the infected cell. During infection, adenovirus E1A deregulates cAMP signalling and repurposes it for activation of viral gene expression. We show that E1A structurally and functionally mimics a cellular A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP). E1A interacts with and relocalizes protein kinase A (PKA) to the nucleus, likely to virus replication centres, via an interaction with the regulatory subunits of PKA. Binding to PKA requires the N-terminus of E1A, which bears striking similarity to the amphipathic α-helical domain present in cellular AKAPs. E1A also targets the same docking-dimerization domain of PKA normally bound by cellular AKAPs. In addition, the AKAP like motif within E1A could restore PKA interaction to a cellular AKAP in which its normal interaction motif was deleted. During infection, E1A successfully competes with endogenous cellular AKAPs for PKA interaction. E1A’s role as a viral AKAP contributes to viral transcription, protein expression and progeny production. These data establish HAdV E1A as the first known viral AKAP. This represents a unique example of viral subversion of a crucial cellular regulatory pathway via structural mimicry of the PKA interaction domain of cellular AKAPs.
Mismatched Bit-Interleaved Coded Noncoherent Orthogonal Modulation

We consider several low-complexity decoding metrics for bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) with orthogonal signaling and noncoherent detection. Using the generalized mutual information (GMI) as the relevant performance measure, we demonstrate that only a small performance degradation is entailed by using these mismatched metrics instead of the maximum likelihood (matched) metric. Furthermore, for coded transmission with sum-product symbol-by-symbol (SBS) decoding, we illustrate that metric scaling with a constant factor can improve the throughput performance of these metrics.
SAR image segmentation using quantum clonal selection clustering

A novel clustering algorithm is proposed, which is derived from physical intuition of quantum mechanics and biological principle based on immune clonal selection. As extension ideas of scale-space clustering and support vector clustering, quantum clustering method deduces the clustering allocation by gradient descent, which is prone to getting stuck in local extremes. By designing a novel and high-efficiency affinity function, we adopt an immune clonal selection algorithm with elite preservation strategy to search the global optimum. The experimental results on texture images and SAR images segmentation we demonstrate show that quantum clonal selection clustering method performs well both in precision and efficiency.
Implementation of Co-Operative Diversity and Space Time Coding In Wireless Networks

A Wireless Ad-hoc network is an autonomous and self-organizing network without any centralized controller. Cooperative communication is a technique used to increase the reliability and the quality of service (QoS), coverage area range. Space time coding and spatial diversity schemes enhances the performance of the wireless networks. Such networks can be used in military communications and have lot of prospective for civilian applications, to include commercial and educational use, calamity management, road vehicular network etc. In this paper, Decode and Forward with Cooperative diversity and the Alamouti Space Time coding with cooperative diversity has been evaluated, which are primarily used to relay multiple-input multiple-output communications in distributed clustered two hop relaying network. In Decode and Forward Cooperative diversity, an Ad-hoc network consisting of a source, a destination and a third station as a relay is analyzed with Rayleigh flat fading channel by using different combining techniques. Combining techniques such as Equal Ratio Combining (ERC), Maximum Ratio combining (MRC) and Fixed Ratio Combining (FRC) with cooperative diversity have been compared. From the comparison of three combining techniques it is found that FRC improves system performance by reducing the BER. In Alamouti Space Time coding, a 2x2 Alamouti coding has been implemented with the cooperation of two relays with Stanford University Interim (SUI) channel. The data is modulated using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK). Simulation results show that, in order to achieve BER of Cooperative diversity with DAF protocol at relay and FRC at the receiver reduces the SNR by 6dB as compared to that of a single link transmission. Alamouti Cooperative space time coding reduces the SNR by 8dB in order to achieve the BER of as compared to that of Alamouti space time coding. The location of relay in between source and the destination has high influence on the performance of the network. MATLAB is used to evaluate the bit error rate for the Cooperative wireless communication.
Overexpression of the tomato glutamate receptor-like genes SlGLR1.1 and SlGLR3.5 hinders Ca2+ utilization and promotes hypersensitivity to Na+ and K+ stresses

irteen glutamate receptor-like genes have recently been identi ed in tomato plants; however, their functions have not been fully elucidated. We overexpressed SlGLR1.1 and SlGLR3.5 in Arabidopsis and found that transgenic plants showed symptoms such as curled and deformed leaves, dwarf stature and retarded growth resembling those of Ca2+ de ciency. e results revealed that the levels of Ca2+ in aerial tissues did not di er between wild-type and transgenic plants, suggesting that overexpression of SlGLR1.1 and SlGLR3.5 did not a ect Ca2+ uptake. Transgenic lines were hypersensitive to K+ and Na+ ionic stresses, which was rescued by addition of Ca2+ to the growth medium. Ectopic expression of SlGLR1.1 and SlGLR3.5 resulted in reduced e ciency of Ca2+ utilization, suggesting that these genes may play a role in calcium assimilation in tomato plants by controlling ionic transport across the membrane.
Tiwanaku en Moquegua: interacciones regionales y colapso

La síntesis de datos de excavaciones y reconocimientos sistemáticos de la cuenca del río Osmore permite una visión nueva de las relaciones entre los wari, tiwanaku y poblaciones indígenas de la región durante el Horizonte Medio y el comienzo del Periodo Intermedio Tardío. Una serie de hechos están efectivamente establecidos, los cuales tendrán que ser considerados en futuras interpretaciones. Entre otros, se nota la aparente contemporaneidad de asentamientos tiwanaku y wari en las partes medias y altas de la cuenca del Osmore, pero mayormente aisladas en zonas geográficas separadas. No hay indicios de conflicto bélico ni temor de tal durante, posiblemente, siglos de contacto, a pesar de que ambos grupos vieron al mismo sitio Cerro Baúl como una huaca, la que únicamente los wari controlaron. Tampoco había intercambio de bienes, sugiriendo un aislamiento social al igual que espacial. Se describe la contemporaneidad de dos tradiciones tiwanaku marcadas por los estilos ceramográficos Omo y Chen Chen, que antes se consideraban fases secuenciales. Finalmente, se confirma que, al fin del Horizonte Medio, la gente wari abandonó la región, mientras que los de la tradición Tiwanaku se dispersaron en grupos menores desplazándose a sitios alejados y defendibles al comienzo de los tiempos conflictivos del Periodo Intermedio Tardío.
Web Search Using Summarization on Clustered Web Documents Retrieved by User Queries

Web search engines, such as Google, Bing, and Yahoo! , rank the set of documents S retrieved in response to a user query and represent each document D in S using a title and a snippet, which serves as an abstract of D. Snippets, however, are not as useful as they are designed for, i.e., assisting its users to quickly identify results of interest. These snippets are inadequate in providing distinct information and capture the main contents of the corresponding documents. Moreover, when the intended information need specified in a search query is ambiguous, it is very difficult, if not impossible, for a search engine to identify precisely the set of documents that satisfy the user's intended request without requiring additional information. Furthermore, a document title is not always a good indicator of the content of the corresponding document either. All of these design problems can be solved by our proposed query-based summarizer, called QSum. QSum generates a concise/comprehensive summary for each cluster of documents retrieved in response to a user query, which saves the user's time and effort in searching for specific information of interest by skipping the step to browse through the retrieved documents one by one. Experimental results show that QSum is effective and efficient in creating a high-quality summary for each cluster to enhance web search.
haracterization and rheological study of the galactomannan xtracted from seeds of Cassia grandis riscilla

Galactomannan extracted from seeds of Cassia grandis with 0.1 M NaCl, followed by ethanol precipitation, presented a yield of 36 ± 8%. The polysaccharide has a constant mannose/galactose ratio (2.44:1). Methylation analysis, one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy confirmed that the polysaccharide has a central core composed of 4-linked -mannose units, with branches of galactose, linked to the carbohydrate core through (1–6) linkage. The amorphous nature of the galactomannan was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Rheological characterization exhibited Newtonian plateaus followed by shear-thinning zones
New aspects in shear-wave elastography of prostate cancer

Abstract Aim This study was designed to evaluate the performance of shear-wave elastography as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer in a larger cohort of patients than previously reported. Patients and methods Seventy-three patients with suspected prostate carcinoma were investigated by ultrasound elastography followed by directed biopsy. The elas- tographic and histological results for all biopsies were compared. Results After exclusion of invalid and non-assessable results, 794 samples were obtained for which both a histological assessment and an elastometric result (tissue stiffness in kPa) were available: according to the histology 589 were benign and 205 were malignant. Tissue elasticity was found to be weakly correlated with patient’s age, PSA level and gland volume. ROC analysis showed that, for the set of results acquired, elastometry did not fulfil literature claims that it could identify malignant neoplasia with high sensitivity and specificity. However, it did show promise in distinguishing between Gleason scores ≤6 and >6 when malignancy had already been identified. Unexpected observations were the finding of a smaller proportion of tumours in the lateral regions of the prostate than generally expected, and also the observation that the elasticity of benign prostate tissue is region-sensitive, the tissue being stiffest in the basal region and more elastic at the apex. Conclusions Shear-wave elastography was found to be a poor predictor of malignancy, but for malignant lesions an elasticity cut-off of 80 kPa allowed a fairly reliable distinction between lesions with Gleason ≤6 and those with Gleason >6. We demonstrate an increase in elasticity of benign prostate tissue from the basal to the apical region.