Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of Cocoonase in Silkworm (Bombyx mori) Cells by Using a Recombinant Baculovirus and Its Bioactivity Assay

In this research, the cocoonase gene was cloned by RT-PCR as an 860 bp fragment, including the signal peptide and the core sequence of cocoonase gene. In order to investigate the function of signal peptide, recombinant transfer vector pBacPAK8-Cocoonase-EGFP were constructed by fusing with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene to observe under fluorescence microscope. The purified pBacPAK8-Cocoonase-EGFP DNA was co-transfected with linear virus Bm-BacPAK6 DNA into BmN cells. The homologous recombination occurred in the cells and then the recombinant virus Bm-BacPAK8-Cocoonase-EGFP was obtained. BmN cell was infected with the recombinant virus Bm-BacPAK8-Cocoonase-EGFP, and fluorescent signal was detected in most of the cells under fluorescence microscope at 72 hrs postinfection. Then BmN cells were harvested. Both SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting analysis indicated that the cocoonase was expressed successfully in silkworm (Bombyx mori) baculovirus expression vector system. Furthermore, referred to Astrup methods,used fibrin plate process confirmed that expression product in vitro had cellulolytic activity. We conclude that silkworm expression system can be used successfully to express functional cocoonase.
MITOTIC REPLICATION OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID IN CHLAMYDOMONAS REINHARDI.

One of the central problems in molecular biology is to elucidate the replication mechanism of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its possible implication in genetic recombination. Of the several ingenious techniques that have been developed for the investigation of this problem,1' 2, the density gradient centrifugation technique developed by Meselson, Stahl, and Vinograd4 provides the most promising method, and has already furnished the clearest picture of DNA replication in Escherichia coli.5 Here we have initiated a series of experiments in which the density gradient centrifugation technique has been used to investigate the mechanism of DNA replication in the chromosomes of an organism with clearly defined mitosis and miwosis. The unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardi, was chosen as the experimental material because it possesses a number of advantageous characteristics. The alga can be grown easily in a minimal medium, the life cycle is extremely simple and yet it includes the characteristic features of higher organisms: vegetative growth, fertilization, and meiosis which can be readily controlled.6 The chromosomes of C. reinhardi are well defined,7' 8 and it has been established that the genetic segregation follows the classical meiotic pattern.9' 10, 7 The present paper reports the mode of mitotic replication of C. reinhardi DNA. It is planned to report in a later paper the investigation of meiotic replication. Isolation and Properties of DNA of C. reinhardi. -A wild-type, mating type plus strain of C. reinhardi was grown in a high salt minimal medium (Table 1) at 250C
Knowledge discovery in data sets with graded attributes

We present a knowledge discovery method for graded attributes that is based on an interactive determination of implications (if-then-rules) holding between the attributes of a given data-set. The corresponding algorithm queries the user in an efficient way about implications between the attributes. The result of the process is a representative set of examples for the entire theory and a set of implications from which all implications that hold between the attributes can be deduced. In many instances, the exploration process may be shortened by the usage of the user’s background knowledge. That is, a set of of implications the user knows beforehand. The method was successfully applied in different real-life applications for discrete data. In this paper, we show that attribute exploration with background information can be generalized for graded attributes.
An Assessment of Some Contemporary Approaches for Human Activity Analysis in Video

Human Activity analysis is one of the most captivating and important open problem in automated video surveillance community. In recent years, most of the analysis of human activities/behavior is carried out using computer vision & pattern recognition techniques and has paved the way for amalgamation of various such fields. This paper gives an assessment of this new development, proposed to analyze the impact of theoretical and practical contributions of two well known techniques such as HOG & STIP made along with the performances of different distance measures on two benchmarking databases - KTH & Weizman Database. Some crucial experiments are conducted along with the generalized evaluation techniques to give fair and integrated analysis. We also highlight significant challenges involved in utilizing these techniques in real time video surveillance applications. At the end of this paper, inferences are made in regard to future research directions in human activity analysis.
Comparison of milk output from the right and left breasts during simultaneous pumping in mothers of very low birthweight infants.

PURPOSE Milk output from the right and left breasts was compared in mothers who were pumping exclusively and had not yet fed their infants at breast. METHODS Thirty-five mothers of very low birthweight infants established lactation with a hospital grade, electric, dual pump, and recorded milk output separately for each breast during every pumping session from enrollment until completion of the study (mean = 19.8 days) using a standardized milk log. Milk output from each breast was also weighed during six observed milk expressions over a 2-week period during the study. RESULTS For the observed pumping sessions (n = 210), milk output was greater from the right breast in 65.7% of the sessions. For the milk log data (n = 3099 pumping sessions) milk output was greater from the right breast in 47.6% of the sessions, greater from the left breast in 28.0%, and equal from both breasts in 24.4% of the sessions. The mean difference in milk output between the right and left breasts was 6.6 mL (SD = 12.1) for the observed sessions, and 5.0 mL for the milk log data (SD = 10.9). The mean right-to-left breastmilk output ratio was 1.20 for the observed sessions and 1.17 for the milk log data. The right-to-left breastmilk ratios were not associated with time of day, day of pumping, total milk output, maternal handedness or the breast pump suction pattern. The right-to-left breast differences were associated with parity and breastfeeding experience, with primiparous women and first-time breastfeeders demonstrating the greatest differences. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that differences in the milk output from the right and left breasts are common, and that milk output is often greater from the right breast. The differences appear early in lactation, are not related to total milk output, and are relatively consistent throughout the day and over the first weeks of lactation.
Community violence and children on Chicago's southside.

This report summarizes a program of study on African-American children and violence conducted by a comprehensive community mental health center on the southside of Chicago. The research, which looked at exposure to violence, self-reports of aggression, and possible interventions, grew out of: (1) an awareness of the enormous amount of familial and extrafamilial violence in the black community; (2) clinical experiences that indicated that victimization and covictimization (i.e., victimization of close others) were often significant factors in the lives of the mentally ill; (3) a growing uneasiness, and indeed curiosity, over the extent to which children were witnessing these events and the impact of this witnessing, particularly on their own levels of aggression; and (4) a belief that the integrity of the black community was being threatened by the violence and that solutions must be sought.
Characterization of biliary injury from blunt liver trauma by MRCP: case report.

Nonoperative management of a grade V liver injury due to blunt trauma was complicated by biliary ascites. After percutaneous drainage, it was not clear that there was an ongoing biliary leak so magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was done. This clearly showed an active bile leak from a peripheral intrahepatic duct. An endoscopically placed biliary stent allowed rapid closure of the fistula. MRCP can show intrahepatic duct injury with bile leak and may replace diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in some cases of liver injury. Approximately 80% of cases of blunt liver injury are suitable for nonoperative management although complications including hemorrhage or bile collections requiring interventional techniques occur in up to 25%. After drainage of a collection, the development of a biliary fistula is not uncommon. Expectant management of most biliary fistulae is safe and spontaneous closure usually occurs; however, the time taken for closure may be over 3 months. In one series, a significant biliary fistula requiring intervention occurred in 6% of patients with blunt liver injury, the rate increasing with the severity of injury. Some authors have noted no difference in fistula volume in patients with major bile duct injury and those with more peripheral biliary injury. Radioisotope cholescintigraphy, for example a hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan, may show an active bile leak; however, it cannot characterize the ductal injury. In the presence of a significant biliary fistula, most clinicians would attempt to image the biliary system. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography may be used to define the injury and it also allows therapeutic maneuvers to expedite closure of the fistula. Until relatively recently there was no noninvasive method of obtaining an accurate cholangiogram. We report the use of MRCP to confirm a bile leak from a small intrahepatic duct because of blunt liver trauma.
Relationship between mitochondrial gene rearrangements and stability of the origin of light strand replication

Mitochondrial gene rearrangements are much more frequent in vertebrates than initially thought. It has been suggested that the origin of light strand replication could have an important role in the process of gene rearrangements, but this hypothesis has never been tested before. We used amphibians to test the correlation between light-strand replication origin thermodynamic stability and the occurrence of gene rearrangements. The two variables were correlated in a non-phylogenetic approach, but when tested in a phylogenetically based comparative method the correlation was not significant, although species with unstable light-strand replication origins were much more likely to have undergone gene rearrangements. This indicates that within amphibians there are stable and unstable phylogenetic groups regarding mitochondrial gene order. The species analyzed showed variability in the thermodynamic stability of the secondary structure, in the length of its stem and loop, and several species did not present the 5-GCCGG-3 motif reported to be necessary for efficient mitochondrial DNA replication. Future studies should focus on the role of the light-strand replication origin in mitochondrial DNA replication and gene rearrangements mechanisms.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Polyclonal Tregs Does Not Require Rapamycin in a Low-Dose Irradiation Bone Marrow Transplantation Model

Background. Mixed chimerism is an effective strategy for the induction of transplantation tolerance but the toxicity of recipient conditioning makes current bone marrow (BM) transplantation (BMT) protocols unsuitable for widespread clinical application. Therapies promoting BM engraftment under minimal conditioning would facilitate translation of this concept to the clinic. Recently, we have shown that regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy has potent engraftment-enhancing effects in an irradiation-free noncytotoxic BMT protocol, but only if it is combined with rapamycin treatment. Methods. Here, we investigated whether polyclonal Treg therapy is effective in promoting chimerism and tolerance in an otherwise unsuccessful BMT protocol using low-dose total body irradiation (1 Gy) and costimulation blockade and determined whether Tregs do so on their own without rapamycin. Results. The application of polyclonal FoxP3-transduced recipient Tregs led to durable multilineage chimerism and donor-specific skin graft tolerance whereas recipients receiving costimulation blockade alone or green flourescent protein (GFP)-transduced cells failed to develop chimerism. Infused Tregs had a limited life span as indicated by polymerase chain reaction analysis but rather contribute to de novo induction of subsequent Treg generations. Deletion of donor-reactive T cells was observed but progressed more slowly over time compared with recipients of a nonmyeloablative BMT protocol using 3 Gy total body irradiation. Conclusions. In conclusion, Treg therapy promotes BM engraftment on its own in a low-dose irradiation BMT protocol, leading to chimerism and tolerance maintained through deletional and nondeletional mechanisms.
Walking motion recognition system by estimating position and pose of leg mounted camera device using visual SLAM

This paper presents the method for recognizing the walking motion of the user with estimating position and pose of leg mounted camera devices by employing Visual SLAM. Approximate displacement of the position and orientation of the sensor terminal can be estimated using output values of the acceleration sensor, the gyro sensor, and the geomagnetic sensor. It is also considered that the position and orientation of the terminal can be estimated by the image captured by the camera mounted on each terminal. The system records surrounding scenery of the user with each camera device attached to each part of the user's leg, and estimates the 3D position and orientation of each camera device by using Visual SLAM. Finally, we develop the walking training support system that does not require a special environment.
An advanced electro-thermal cycle-lifetime estimation model for LiFePO4 batteries

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been considered as one of the effective solutions to current energy and environment concerns. One of the challenges regarding the energy storage system (ESS) of today's electric vehicles, which are batteries, is the capacity fade. It is of great importance to identify and analyze the factors contributing to the capacity loss and predict the cell degradation. In this manuscript, an advanced systematic Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery cell model is proposed to estimate the battery cell State-of-Charge (SOC), cell internal temperature, and battery cycle-lifetime. The accuracy of the proposed model is examined and verified through comparative analyses. Based on the proposed battery model, the impact of various factors, such as discharge current rate, temperature, peak discharge current and Depth-of-Discharge (DoD) and their effects on battery cell capacity loss and cycle-lifetime are investigated and studied.
Acquiring 3-D Spatial Data Of A Real Object

A method of acquiring spatial data of a real object via a stereometric system is presented. Three-dimensional (3-D) data of an object are acquired by: (1) camera calibration; (2) stereo matching; (3) multiple stereo views covering the whole object; (4) geometrical computations to determine the 3-D coordinates for each sample point of the object. The analysis and the experimental results indicate the method implemented is capable of measuring the spatial data of a real object with satisfactory accuracy.
Physiological responses of fire-fighter instructors during training exercises

Thirteen male instructors were monitored during a total of 44 live fire training exercises (ambient temperature 74 ± 42°C). Exposure time during the ‘Hot Fire’ (HF), ‘Fire Behaviour’ and ‘Fire Attack’ exercises was 33.0 ± 7.9 min (n = 30); 26.3 ± 5.5 min (n = 6); and 7.3 ± 2.6 min (n = 8) respectively. At the end of the exercises, mean core temperature (tcore) was 38.5 ± 0.9°C (n = 32), however eight instructors had a tcore above 39°C. The mean maximum temperature under the fire hood was 41.2 ± 4.6°C (n = 40). Mean maximum heart rate (HR) was 138 ± 26 bpm (n = 34) however, in five exercises, HR exceeded 90% of the instructors' HR reserve. Mean fluid deficit was 0.62 ± 0.6 l (n = 30) at the end of the HF exercises, the maximum being 2.54 l. Four instructors doubted their ability to perform a rescue at the end of the exercise. The energy cost of performing simulated rescues of a 50 kg dummy in the cool was investigated in a pilot study. Mean HR during the rescues was 79 ± 7% of the instructors' HR reserve and it was estimated that this could increase tcore by 0.4 to 0.6°C. The physiological responses to the fire-fighting exercises varied considerably and reflected the differences in work performed and external heat load. The results obtained from some individuals give cause for concern, and signs of heat strain were seen in at least two individuals.
ORF 1 coding regions support the proposition of a ew genus comprising arthropod viruses in the family Totiviridae árcia

Analyzing the positions of 2A-like polypeptide cleavage sites in all available genomes of arthropod totiviruses we propose the limits of all ORF1 coding sequences and observed that two proteins previously predicted in infectious myonecrosis virus genome are unique in the arthropod totiviruses group. A putative protein cleavage site upstream the major capsid protein was also identified only in these genomes. In addition, protein models generated using ab initio and threading approaches revealed con-
Making sense of daily life data: From commonalities to anomalies: VAST 2014 Mini Challenge #2

We report the approach and results on the VAST 2014 Mini-Challenge 2: Analysis Movement and Tracking data of GAStech Employees' daily lives. Based on the commercial interactive visualization software Tableau[l], we follow the sense-making loop for analysis of the massive multi-dimensional, multi-source and time-varying data sets. The findings show that we can effectively identify the patterns and discovery the anomaly from these complex data sets.
Salient Region Detection Methods with Application to Traffic Sign Recognition from Street View Images

In the computer vision community, saliency detection refers to modeling the selective mechanism in human visual attentions. Outputs of saliency detection algorithms are called saliency maps, which represent conspicuousness levels of different scene areas. Since saliency detection is an effective way to estimate regions of interest that may be attractive to human eyes, numerous applications range from object recognition, image compression, to content-based image editing and image retrieval. This thesis focuses on salient region detection, which aims at detecting and segmenting holistic salient objects from natural images. Despite of many existing models/algorithms and rapid progress in this field over the past decade, improving the detection performance in complex and unconstrained scenarios remains challenging. This thesis proposes five innovative methods for salient region detection. Each method is designed to solve some issues in the existing models. The main contributions of this thesis include: 1) A novel method that induces saliency maps through eigenvectors of the normalized graph cut for better visual clustering of objects and background. It leads to more accurate saliency estimation. 2) A novel data-driven method for salient region detection based on continuous conditional random field (C-CRF). It provides an optimal way to integrate various unary saliency features with pairwise cues. 3) A robust graph-based diffusion method, referred to as manifold-preserving diffusion (MPD). Based on two assumptions on manifold---smoothness and local reconstruction, the method preserves the manifold used in the saliency diffusion. 4) A superpixel-based method that effectively computes color contrast and color distribution attributes of images in a unified manner. 5) A new geodesic propagation method that is used to optimize coarse salient regions for rendering visual coherence. In addition, driven by applications, this thesis also addresses traffic sign recognition (TSR) problem from street view images. As a new application linking between saliency detection and TSR, salient region detection of traffic signs is investigated in order to enhance the sign classification performance.
Visual display delay effects on pilot performance.

BACKGROUND The Helmet Integrated Display Sight System (HIDSS), originally proposed for the RAH-66 Comanche, displays sensor data from FLIR and image intensifiers, as well as flight instrument and targeting data. All these data will be processed through onboard computers before being displayed on miniature CRT's. In addition to processing delays, delays also are arising from the helmet tracker and from sensor slewing that may increase the total visual display delay to as much as 250 ms. METHODS Because display lag is one of the most important limitations affecting the ability of an aviator to use a display, we investigated the effects of 0, 67, 133, 267, 400, and 533 ms visual display delays on the flight performance of 10 volunteer U.S. Army aviators in a full motion flight simulator. RESULTS There were few performance decrements at 67, 133, or 267 ms delays as compared with the 0 ms delay condition. Significant performance decrements consistently were observed at 400 and 533 ms delays. CONCLUSIONS Given the anticipated visual display delays for the proposed system, flight performance, as measured within the range of flight conditions and profiles examined, should not be affected significantly, although the aviators will experience an increase in workload to compensate for the delay effects. During low level flight, they will face additional risk due to their proximity to obstacles and a resulting decrease in their time to react and avoid collisions. Given the high accident rates, further research to investigate training strategies to offset delay effects clearly is necessary.
Characterization of a mouse model of sickle cell trait: parallels to human trait and a novel finding of cutaneous sensitization

Sickle cell trait (SCT) has classically been categorized as a benign condition except in rare cases or upon exposure to severe physical conditions. However, several lines of evidence indicate that individuals with SCT are not always asymptomatic, and additional physiological changes and risks may remain unexplored. Here, we utilized mice harbouring one copy of normal human β globin and one copy of sickle human β globin as a model of SCT to assess haematological, histopathological and somatosensory outcomes. We observed that SCT mice displayed renal and hepatic vascular congestion after exposure to hypoxia. Further, we observed that SCT mice displayed increased cold aversion as well as mechanical and heat sensitivity, though to a lesser degree than homozygous sickle cell disease mice. Notably, mechanical hypersensitivity increased following hypoxia and reoxygenation. Overall our findings suggest that SCT is not entirely benign, and further assessment of pain and cutaneous sensitization is warranted both in animal models and in clinical populations.