Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variables Associated with Drug and Alcohol Abuse among Male and Female users with Severe Mental Disorders

Objectives: According to current literature, the most reliable variables associated with substance abuse are sociodemographic variables, mainly gender. Based on longitudinal research and a comprehensive framework, this study aimed to determine variables associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders and between males and females of this general sample. Methods: A cohort of 297 users with severe mental disorders was interviewed after an 18-month follow-up period. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was carried out using five blocks of independent variables at baseline (sociodemographic, clinical, needs and functionality, negative life events, social support). Two additional models were built to separately assess variables associated with substance abuse in males and females, using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Drug and alcohol abuse among users with severe mental disorders was associated with being non-French speaking, younger, male, a resident in autonomous housing, or an individual with less functionality and high severity of needs. Seven variables were associated with substance abuse among females while nine variables were independently associated with substance abuse among males. Conclusion: The results confirm that socio-demographic variables are the most important variables associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders. Language (being non-French-speaking) was the most important variable associated with substance abuse among users with severe mental disorders, and the only variable common to both males and females. These results suggest that mental health services need to pay special attention to certain linguistic minorities that are more likely to experience substance abuse issues.
A Methodology for Filtering and Inversion of Gravity Data: An Example of Application to the Determination of the Moho Undulation in Morocco

In this paper, we perform a comprehensive explanation of the geophysical inversion of gravity data, as well as, how it can be used to determine the Moho undulation and the crustal structure. This inversion problem and the necessary assumptions to solve it will be described in this paper joint to the methodology used to invert gravity data (gravity anomalies). In addition, the application of this method to the determination of the Moho undulation will be performed computing the Moho undulation in the Moroccan area, as an example. Before the inversion, it is necessary the removing of the gravity effects for shallow and very deep structures, to obtain the deep gravity anomaly field that is associated to the deep structure and Moho undulation. These effects will be removed by a filtering process of the gravity anomaly field and by subtraction of the gravity anomalies corresponding to the very deep structure. The results presented in this paper will show that the inversion of gravity data is a powerful tool, to research the structure of the crust and the upper mantle. By means of this inversion process, the principal structural features beneath of Morocco area will be revealed.
Person-Centered Approaches in the Study of Personality Disorders

Existing categorical models of personality disorder diagnoses capture heterogeneous populations in terms of symptom presentation and etiological influences on personality pathology. Though several well-validated alternative dimensional trait models (i.e., variable-centered approaches) of personality disorders have been developed, person-centered approaches can provide important additional information on both the phenotypic expression and etiology of personality pathology. We discuss the utility and necessary attributes of person-centered or subtype models of personality disorders and briefly review statistical approaches and other methodological considerations, drawing specific examples from the psychopathy literature. We conclude by advocating a utilitarian approach whereby person-centered and variable-centered methods complement each other to better understand personality disorders.
Failure to Launch: Scope Creep and Other Causes of Failure

One of the causes of information systems development project is scope creep. The increasing number of features demanded by stakeholders to be built into the applications within the fixed time limit is a r ecipe for failure. This article looked into the process of a web application develo pment failure, where scope creep deemed as the main cause. However, an in depth looks into the time line of the project also reveal another cause which was the failure of the application itself along with the platform (hardware and softwa re) to actually execute the software. It is believed that Actor Network Theory frame work is appropriate to analyze the case where human and non-human actors involved. Data were collected using participative observation . Data would be analyzed following Grounded Theory method. The analysis will be conducted to find pattern of negotiations and communications between all the stakeholders during the design process. Actor Network Theory would be used to explain the power play between stakeholders. A model of all the actors (stakeholders) and how the interplay among them was build which at the end.
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network Based Subway Tunnel Crack Detection Method

Subway tunnel cracks directly reflect the structural integrity of a tunnel, and as such the detection of subway tunnel cracks is always an important task in tunnel structure monitoring. This paper presents a convenient, fast, and automated crack detection method based on a wireless multimedia sensor subway tunnel network. This method primarily provides a solution for image acquisition, image detection and identification of cracks. In order to quickly obtain a surface image of the tunnel, we used special train image sensor nodes to provide the high speed and high performance processing capability with a large-capacity battery. The proposed process can significantly reduce the amount of data transmission by compressing the binary image obtained by initial processing of the original image. We transferred the data compressed by the sensor to an appropriate station and uploaded them to a database when the train passes through the station. We also designed a fast, easy to implement fracture identification and detection image processing algorithm that can solve the image identification and detection problem. In real subway field tests, this method provided excellent performance for subway tunnel crack detection, and recognition.
Oleic acid is indispensable for intraerythrocytic proliferation of Plasmodium falciparum

SUMMARY Serum-derived fatty acids are essential for the intraerythrocytic proliferation of Plasmodium falciparum in humans. We previously reported that only limited combinations of fatty acids can support long-term parasite culture, and palmitic acid (C16:0)/oleic acid (C18:1, n-9), palmitic acid (C16:0)/vaccenic acid (C18:1, n-7), or stearic acid (C18:0) are required in these combinations, implying that these fatty acids are key molecules for intraerythrocytic parasite growth (Mi-Ichi et al.2006). Here, we analysed profiles of parasitaemia changes as well as morphologies during the erythrocytic cycle and confirmed the importance of C16:0 and C18:1, n-9. We also provide evidence that C18:1, n-9 but not other C18 monoenoic or dienoic acids maintain the synchronicity of parasite development in serum-free medium when paired with C16:0, resulting in maintained exponential growth. Thus, C18:1, n-9 is indispensable for the intraerythrocytic proliferation of P. falciparum.
Will disruptive mood dysregulation disorder reduce false diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children?

Margulies DM, Weintraub S, Basile J, Grover PJ, Carlson GA. Will disruptive mood dysregulation disorder reduce false diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children? Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 488–496. © 2012 The Authors Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
A Multi-Threading Algorithm to Detect and Remove Cycles in Vertex- and Arc-Weighted Digraph

A graph is a very important structure to describe many applications in the real world. In many applications, such as dependency graphs and debt graphs, it is an important problem to find and remove cycles to make these graphs be cycle-free. The common algorithm often leads to an out-of-memory exception in commodity personal computer, and it cannot leverage the advantage of multicore computers. This paper introduces a new problem, cycle detection and removal with vertex priority. It proposes a multithreading iterative algorithm to solve this problem for large-scale graphs on personal computers. The algorithm includes three main steps: simplification to decrease the scale of graph, calculation of strongly connected components, and cycle detection and removal according to a pre-defined priority in parallel. This algorithm avoids the out-of-memory exception by simplification and iteration, and it leverages the advantage of multicore computers by multithreading parallelism. Five different versions of the proposed algorithm are compared by experiments, and the results show that the parallel iterative algorithm outperforms the others, and simplification can effectively improve the algorithm's performance.
Centralidade e utilidade nas revisões de produtos em e-Markeplaces: uma visão analítica numa área da Amazon

In several e-commerce platforms, the user community shares information about the products in the form of reviews, assigning a score to its utility and to the product itself. In spite of the growing number of online reviews, the impact between the number of these and the rating of the products is yet under explored. It’s still unknown how the connection between the number of reviews works with the score assigned to the product and its utility. This research presents and empirically analyses the potential effects of the quantity of given information, with the assigned score and its value. To answer our research, we used a set of available data on the Amazon.com Marketplace. Our results present meaningful evidence that there is no clear relationship between the increase of the product rating and the number of reviews. We conclude that consumers comment on a product regardless of its quality. Thus, even if a product has an elevated number of reviews, it doesn’t necessarily mean it has a good rating. On the other hand, when the reviews are useful for the decision-making of consumers, the rating of the products tends to be higher. Although this research turns out be one step forward in the analysis of the reviews, we recognize that this approach has limitations. The main one is the single analysis of a specific category of products and not all the available products on the Amazon Marketplace. Therefore, as a recommendation for further work, it is suggested to analyse a different category of products (books, for example), to confirm if the presented results are similar to the ones we achieved.
The crystal structure Escherichia coli Spy

Escherichia coli spheroplast protein y (EcSpy) is a small periplasmic protein that is homologous with CpxP, an inhibitor of the extracytoplasmic stress reponse. Stress conditions such as spheroplast formation induce the expression of Spy via the Cpx or the Bae two‐component systems in E. coli, though the function of Spy is unknown. Here, we report the crystal structure of EcSpy, which reveals a long kinked hairpin‐like structure of four α‐helices that form an antiparallel dimer. The dimer contains a curved oval shape with a highly positively charged concave surface that may function as a ligand binding site. Sequence analysis reveals that Spy is highly conserved over the Enterobacteriaceae family. Notably, three conserved regions that contain identical residues and two LTxxQ motifs are placed at the horizontal end of the dimer structure, stablizing the overall fold. CpxP also contains the conserved sequence motifs and has a predicted secondary structure similar to Spy, suggesting that Spy and CpxP likely share the same fold.
Unexpected transformation of black hole quenchers in electrophoretic purification of the fluorescein-containing TaqMan probes

ABSTRACT The fluorescence quenchers BHQ1 and BHQ2 can be modified by trace amounts of ammonium persulfate, used for initiating gel polymerization, in electrophoretic purification of TaqMan probes using a denaturing polyacrylamide gel. The case study of BHQ1 quencher has demonstrated that a Boyland–Sims reaction proceeds in the presence of ammonium persulfate to give the corresponding sulfate. The absorption maximum of the resulting quencher shifts to the short-wavelength region relative to the absorption maximum of the initial BHQ1. The TaqMan probe containing such a quencher is less efficient as compared with the probe carrying an unmodified BHQ1. The presence of fluorescein in TaqMan probe plays decisive role in this transformation: the quencher modification proceeds at a considerably lower rate when the fluorescein is absent or replaced with a rhodamine dye (for example, R6G). It is assumed that the observed reaction can take place in two ways—both in darkness and in the reaction of the quencher in an excited state due to energy transfer from the fluorophore irradiated by light.
Asymptotic E ¢ ciency in the Panel Data Models with Strati ed Sampling

Panel data has an important role in microeconomics and empirical economics. Its unique features enable us to answer questions about dynamic behavior of economic agents that could not be answered with one dimensional data set. On the other hand in practice many of the panel data sets come not from simple random sampling but strati ed samples that makes inferences more complicated. In this environment and besides nding consistent estimators, asymptotic e¢ ciency is desirable too because an e¢ cient estimator will be closer to the true parameter value in large samples. In this study a GMM estimator is proposed that produces e¢ cient estimators under some general assumptions. We can increase the precision of the inference by taking into account the correlation of cross section observation or in other words within the panel correlation over time. Simulation results con rm theoretical ndings and show that e¢ ciency gains-depending on degree of correlation-can be substantial indeed. Department of Economics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, U.S.A. ; rahmanii@msu.edu
Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children (BADS-C): An examination of construct validity

Children's success with participating in life depends heavily on intact executive function (EF) skills. The Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children (BADS-C) was developed to address the need for a standardised ecologically valid test of children's EF performance. This study aimed to establish the construct validity of the BADS-C in relation to socio-demographic parameters. Participants were 208 Israeli children, aged 8–15 years, who were divided into three age groups (8 years to 9 years and 11 months; 10 years to 11 years and 11 months; 12 to 15 years) and tested with the BADS-C. The older age groups achieved significantly better scores than the younger groups. No significant differences were found between genders in any of the BADS-C scores. Similar results were found for familial socio-economic status and parents' education. Construct validity was demonstrated for the BADS-C by providing a profile for different age groups. Additional studies are needed to examine further the validity and reliability of the BADS-C and the relationships between socio-demographic factors and EF.
Doxycycline-Regulated p16MTS1 Expression Suppresses the Anchorage-Independence and Tumorigenicity of Breast Cancer Cell Lines that Lack Endogenous p16

The RB pathway controls the critical transition from G1 into S phase of the mammalian cell cycle. Deregulation of the RB pathway by means of RB or p16 inactivation has been implicated in the development of virtually all human cancers. Such findings have led to the view that the loss of RB-mediated regulation at the G1/S checkpoint is a precondition for human malignancy. Our analysis of the RB-positive MCF-7 and ZR75.1 breast cancer cell lines revealed a lack of endogenous p16 protein expression as a result of the homozygous deletion and methylation of the p16 gene at the CDKN2A locus, respectively. We employed the TET-OFF inducible expression system to investigate the effects of non-growth inhibitory levels of functional p16 protein upon the in vitro and in vivo transformed properties of the MCF-7 and ZR75.1 cell lines. Stable transfectants of MCF-7 and ZR75.1 cells were isolated that expressed different levels of p16 protein in the absence of doxycycline (DOX) but continued to proliferate in culture. Transfectants that expressed modest levels of p16 (relative to SV40 T antigen-transformed HBL-100 breast epithelial cells) demonstrated a marked suppression of anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. Further, the induction of moderate and high levels of p16 (relative to HBL-100) resulted in the suppression of tumorigenicity of both MCF-7 and ZR75.1 cells as assayed by injection into nude mice. From these data, we concluded that RB pathway restoration by non-growth inhibitory levels of p16 protein was sufficient to revert breast cancer cells to a non-transformed and non-tumorigenic state.
School-Age Consequences of Birth Weight Less Than 750 g: A Review and Update

Recent advances in perinatal care have led to the survival of increasing numbers of children born at the lower limits of viability. Children with very low birth weight (LBW; less than 1,500 g, 3 lb 5 oz) have been studied extensively. Findings document poorer outcomes relative to normal birth weight term-born controls in neurologic and health status, cognitive-neuropsychological skills, school performance, academic achievement, and behavior. This report reviews current knowledge regarding LBW children, with special emphasis on outcomes for children with birth weight less than 750 g (1 lb 10 oz). Results from an ongoing longitudinal study suggest a gradient of sequelae, with poorer outcomes in less than 750 g birth weight children compared to both 750 g to 1,499 g birth weight children and term-born controls. Children with less than 750 g birth weight fail to catch up with their peers over time and may even be at risk for age-related increases in sequelae. Outcomes are highly variable but related to neonatal medical complications of prematurity and social risk factors. Further research is needed to understand the etiology and neuropathological basis of sequelae, the long-term developmental implications of LBW, and treatment needs.
Absence of low-frequency variability of sympathetic nerve activity in severe heart failure.

BACKGROUND In normal humans, variability of blood pressure, RR interval, and sympathetic activity occurs predominantly at a low frequency (LF; 0.04 to 0.14 Hz) and a high frequency (HF; +/-0.25 Hz). In conditions that increase sympathetic activation in normal humans, the LF component is increased relative to the HF component. Patients with heart failure have high levels of sympathetic activity. We tested the hypothesis that the LF component of sympathetic nerve activity variability is increased in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed spectral analysis of simultaneous recordings of resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and RR interval in 21 patients with chronic heart failure and 12 age-matched control subjects. MSNA was higher in patients with heart failure (62 +/- 4 bursts per minute) than in the normal subjects (39 +/- 4 bursts per minute; P < .01). LF components of RR interval and MSNA variability were lower in the heart failure patients versus the control subjects (P < .01). HF variability of RR interval and MSNA was preserved, at least in part, in heart failure. There was close coherence between variability patterns of RR interval and MSNA. Furthermore, in 14 heart failure patients who had no LF variability in MSNA compared with 7 heart failure patients who did manifest LF variability in MSNA, RR interval was shorter, the variance of RR interval was lower, MSNA was higher, respiratory rate was faster, and left ventricular ejection fraction was lower (all P < .05). At a median follow-up of 12 months, 4 heart failure patients had died, all of whom had had absent LF oscillations in MSNA and RR interval. CONCLUSIONS The LF variability of sympathetic nerve activity is absent in patients with severe heart failure. This disturbed pattern of variability is closely coherent with the abnormal variability of RR interval. These disturbances of rhythmic oscillations of autonomic outflow, evident in both RR interval and MSNA, suggest a central autonomic regulatory impairment in heart failure and may have important prognostic implications.
A Lipschitz stable reconstruction formula for the inverse problem for the wave equation

We consider the problem to reconstruct a wave speed $c \in C^\infty(M)$ in a domain $M \subset \R^n$ from acoustic boundary measurements modelled by the hyperbolic Dirichlet-to-Neumann map $\Lambda$. We introduce a reconstruction formula for $c$ that is based on the Boundary Control method and incorporates features also from the complex geometric optics solutions approach. Moreover, we show that the reconstruction formula is locally Lipschitz stable for a low frequency component of $c^{-2}$ under the assumption that the Riemannian manifold $(M, c^{-2} dx^2)$ has a strictly convex function with no critical points. That is, we show that for all bounded $C^2$ neighborhoods $U$ of $c$, there is a $C^1$ neighborhood $V$ of $c$ and constants $C, R > 0$ such that |\F\ll(\tilde c^{-2} - c^{-2}\rr)(\xi)| \le C e^{2R |\xi|} \norm{\tilde \Lambda - \Lambda}_*, \quad \xi \in \R^n, for all $\tilde c \in U \cap V$, where $\tilde \Lambda$ is the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map corresponding to the wave speed $\tilde c$ and $\norm{\cdot}_*$ is a norm capturing certain regularity properties of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps.
GOODS-HERSCHEL: GAS-TO-DUST MASS RATIOS AND CO-TO-H2 CONVERSION FACTORS IN NORMAL AND STARBURSTING GALAXIES AT HIGH-z

We explore the gas-to-dust mass ratio (Mgas/Md) and the CO luminosity-to-Mgas conversion factor (αCO) of two well-studied galaxies in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North field that are expected to have different star-forming modes, the starburst GN20 at z = 4.05 and the normal star-forming galaxy BzK-21000 at z = 1.52. Detailed sampling is available for their Rayleigh–Jeans emission via ground-based millimeter (mm) interferometry (1.1–6.6 mm) along with Herschel PACS and SPIRE data that probe the peak of their infrared emission. Using the physically motivated Draine & Li models, as well as a modified blackbody function, we measure the dust mass (Mdust) of the sources and find (2.0+0.7−0.6 × 109) M☉ for GN20 and (8.6+0.6−0.9 × 108) M☉ for BzK-21000. The addition of mm data reduces the uncertainties of the derived Mdust by a factor of ∼2, allowing the use of the local Mgas/Md versus metallicity relation to place constraints on the αCO values of the two sources. For GN20 we derive a conversion factor of αCO < 1.0 M☉ pc−2 (K km s−1)−1, consistent with that of local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies, while for BzK-21000 we find a considerably higher value, αCO ∼4.0 M☉ pc−2 (K km s−1)−1, in agreement with an independent kinematic derivation reported previously. The implied star formation efficiency is ∼25 L☉/M☉ for BzK-21000, a factor of ∼5–10 lower than that of GN20. The findings for these two sources support the existence of different disk-like and starburst star formation modes in distant galaxies, although a larger sample is required to draw statistically robust results.