Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Characteristics and Antioxidative Capability of the Soluble Polysaccharides Present in Dictyophora indusiata (Vent. Ex Pers.) Fish Phallaceae

Dictyophora indusiata (Vent. ex Pers.) Fish Phallaceae (Chinese name Zhu-Sūn, the bamboo fungi) has been used as a medicinal mushroom to treat many inflammatory, gastric and neural diseases since 618 AD in China. We hypothesize that the soluble polysaccharides (SP) present in D. indusiata and their monosaccharide profiles can act as an important role affecting the antioxidative capability, which in turn would influence the biological activity involving anti-inflammatory, immune enhancing and anticancer. We obtained six SP fractions and designated them as D1, a galactoglucan; D2, a galactan; D3, the isoelectrically precipitated riboglucan from 2% NaOH; D4, a myoinositol; D5 and D6, the mannogalactans. The total SP accounted for 37.44% w/w, their molecular weight (MW) ranged within 801–4656 kDa. D3, having the smallest MW 801 kDa, exhibited the most potent scavenging effect against the α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, •OH−, and •O2 − radicals, yielding IC50 values 0.11, 1.02 and 0.64 mg mL−1, respectively. Thus we have confirmed our hypothesis that the bioactivity of D. indusiata is related in majority, if not entirely, to its soluble polysaccharide type regarding the MW and monosaccharide profiles.
Hemofiltration during Cardiopulmonary Bypass for High Risk Adult Cardiac Surgery

Aims The role of hemofiltration (HF) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in adult cardiac surgery is controversial. It may be beneficial during prolonged CPB in high-risk surgery. Accordingly, we sought to compare two groups of patients undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery with or without HF. Methods One hundred and eighteen patients who underwent complex cardiac surgical procedures during a 12-month period were divided into two groups. Group I (n=61) comprised patients who were treated with hemofiltration during CPB. Group II (n=57) were not filtered. Estimated risk of death, standard demographic, clinical and surgical features were obtained and predetermined outcomes were studied. Statistical comparisons were made. Results Age, procedure times and mortality rates were similar in both groups. The mean volume of fluid removed in group I was 3.4 L. The preoperative mean Parsonnet score was 24.8 in group I and 22.5 in group II (ns). Postoperative serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet, and albumin levels were all significantly higher in group I patients (p = 0.0015) indicating hemoconcentration. Post-operative chest drainage showed a trend toward decreased post-operative bleeding in group I (p=0.065). Postoperative pleural effusions requiring chest tube drainage were significantly less in group I (9.8% vs. 29.8% 6; p = 0.0062). The incidence of lung infection was also decreased from 26.3% to 13.1% (p=0.05). Operative mortality was similar in both groups (11.4% in group I, 10.5% in group II, ns). Conclusion Hemofiltration during CPB attenuates postoperative anemia, thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminemia, may reduce post-operative bleeding and appears to decrease post-operative pulmonary complications.
A Lyapunov approach to incremental stability properties

Deals with several notions of incremental stability. In other words, the focus is on stability of trajectories with respect to one another, rather than with respect to some attractor. The aim is to present a framework for understanding such questions fully compatible with the well-known input-to-state stability approach. Applications of the newly introduced stability notions are also discussed.
{11 1} twinning

Abstract Deformation twins on {11 1} planes in zirconium appear to form by means of a different mechanism from twins on the same planes in other hexagonal materials. An adequate explanation of the crystallographic features of the Zr twins cannot be given in terms of conventional twinning modes and it is suggested that a double twinning process is responsible for their formation. The most likely mechanism is shown to be twinning on {11 } followed by re-twinning on {11 }.
Outage Probability Analysis of Dual Hop Relay Networks in Presence of Interference

Cooperative relaying improves the performance of wireless networks by forming a network of multiple independent virtual sources transmitting the same information as the source node. However, interference induced in the network reduces the performance of cooperative communications. In this work the statistical properties, the cumulative distribut ion function (CDF) and the probability density function (PDF) for a basic dual hop cooperative relay network with an arbitrary number of interferers over Rayleigh fading channels are derived. Two system models are considered: in the first system model, the interferers are only at the relay node; and in the second s ystem model, interferers are both at the relay and the destination. This work is further extended to Nakagami-m faded interfering channels. Simulation results are presented on outage probability performance to verify the theoretical analysis.
Multicentric, Randomized, Controlled Trial to Evaluate Blood Glucose Control by the Model Predictive Control Algorithm Versus Routine Glucose Management Protocols in Intensive Care Unit Patients

metabolic syndrome in the Japanese population. Diabetes Care 29:1123–1124, 2006 2. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I, Nagai K, Kato J, Kikuchi N, Nishiyama A, Aihara A, Sekino M, Kikuya M, Ito S, Satoh H, Hisamichi S: Home blood pressure measurement has a stronger predictive power for mortality than dose screening blood pressure measurement: a populationbased observation in Ohasama, Japan. J Hypertens 16:971–975, 1998 3. Ohkubo T, Kikuya M, Metoki H, Asayama K, Obara T, Hashimoto J, Totsune K, Hoshi H, Satoh H, Imai Y: Prognosis of “masked” hypertension and “white-coat” hypertension detected by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: 10-year follow-up from the Ohasama study. J Am Coll Cardiol 46:508–515, 2005 4. Ohnishi H, Saitoh S, Takagi S, Ohata J, Takeuchi H, Isobe T, Katoh N, Chiba Y, Fujiwara T, Akasaka H, Shimamoto K: Incidence of insulin resistance in obese subjects in a rural Japanese population: the Tanno and Sobetsu study. Diabetes Obes Metab 7:83–87, 2005
Design of HV switching for polarization & depolarization current measurement

The method of assessing the insulation condition in high voltage (HV) electrical equipments can never be overemphasized. Over the years, several method of assessing the insulation condition have been researched & used by many researchers. One of these methods is using the dielectric response of the materials to determine the Polarization and Depolarization Current (PDC). PDC is a non-destructive assessment method that combines a sequence of switching operations & current measurement for time domain response. In this paper, the HV switching sequence for a PDC assessment was designed & built to fulfill the PDC assessment basic theory. The switch was applied on three materials used in HV insulation to determine their polarization current (ip) & depolarization current (id). Test duration for both ip & id were 10000 seconds and the test results are presented as a current pattern. The current pattern is consistent with the theoretical current wave PDC pattern from literatures thereby confirming the validity of the built switching device.
Data-Driven Gaussian Component Selection for Fast GMM-Based Speaker Verification

In this paper, a fast likelihood calculation of Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is presented, by means of dividing the acoustic space into disjoint subsets and then assigning the most relevant Gaussians to each of them. The data-driven approach is explored to select Gaussian component which guarantees that the loss, brought by pre-discarding most useless Gaussians, can be easily controlled by a manual set parameter. To avoid the rapid growth of the index table size, a two level index scheme is proposed. We adjust several set of parameters to validate our work which is expected to speed up the computation while maintaining the performance. The results of the experiments on the female part of the telephone condition of NIST SRE 2006 indicate that the speed can be improved up to 5 times over the GMM-UBM baseline system without performance loss.
Localization of the epithelial Ca(2+) channel in rabbit kidney and intestine.

The epithelial Ca(2+) channel (ECaC), which is exclusively expressed in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-responsive tissues, i.e., kidney, intestine, and placenta, is postulated to constitute the initial step in the process of transcellular Ca(2+) transport. To strengthen this postulated function, the present study compares the segmental and cellular distribution of ECaC and the other Ca(2+) transport proteins known to be involved in transcellular Ca(2+) transport. In rabbit kidney, ECaC mRNA and protein expression were primarily present in the connecting tubule. Immunopositive staining for the ECaC protein was exclusively found at the apical domain of this tubular segment. Importantly, ECaC completely colocalized with calbindin-D(28K), Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX), and plasma membrane Ca(2+) -ATPase (PMCA). A minority of cells along the distal tubule lacked immunopositive staining for ECaC and the other Ca(2+) transporting proteins. These negative cells were identified as intercalated cells. In intestine, ECaC was present in a thin layer along the apical membrane of the duodenal villus tip, whereas the crypt and goblet cells were negative. Again, a complete colocalization was observed between ECaC, calbindin-D(9K), and PMCA. In contrast to the kidney, NCX could not be detected in duodenum. The present finding that ECaC completely colocalizes with the Ca(2+) transport proteins in the connecting tubule and duodenum, together with its apical localization, further substantiates the postulated function of ECaC as the gatekeeper of active Ca(2+) (re)absorption.
Insights into the poor prognosis of allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions: the impact of renal insufficiency, high plasma levels of oxypurinol and granulysin

Objective Allopurinol, an antihyperuricaemic agent, is one of the common causes of life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR), including drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN). The prognostic factors for allopurinol-related SCAR remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of dosing, renal function, plasma levels of oxypurinol and granulysin (a cytotoxic protein of SJS/TEN), the disease severity and mortality in allopurinol-SCAR. Methods We prospectively enrolled 48 patients with allopurinol-SCAR (26 SJS/TEN and 22 DRESS) and 138 allopurinol-tolerant controls from 2007 to 2012. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B*58:01 status, plasma concentrations of oxypurinol and granulysin were determined. Results In this cohort, HLA-B*58:01 was strongly associated with allopurinol-SCAR (p<0.001, OR (95% CI) 109 (25 to 481)); however, the initial/maintenance dosages showed no relationship with the disease. Poor renal function was significantly associated with the delayed clearance of plasma oxypurinol, and increased the risk of allopurinol-SCAR (p<0.001, OR (95% CI) 8.0 (3.9 to 17)). Sustained high levels of oxypurinol after allopurinol withdrawal correlated with the poor prognosis of allopurinol-SCAR. In particular, the increased plasma levels of oxypurinol and granulysin linked to the high mortality of allopurinol-SJS/TEN (p<0.01), and strongly associated with prolonged cutaneous reactions in allopurinol-DRESS (p<0.05). Conclusions Impaired renal function and increased plasma levels of oxypurinol and granulysin correlated with the poor prognosis of allopurinol-SCAR. Allopurinol prescription is suggested to be avoided in subjects with renal insufficiency and HLA-B*58:01 carriers. An early intervention to increase the clearance of plasma oxypurinol may improve the prognosis of allopurinol-SCAR.
Bifurcation control design for simplified HH neuron model: A physiological approach

Neurons can encode identical stimulus input by generating non-identical firing patterns of action potential sequence. The different firing patterns are resulting from different bifurcations from the dynamical viewpoint. However, the physiological basis of bifurcation control has not been clear. Here we design a wash-out filter bifurcation control from a physiological view. Then simplified HH model is selected to verify the proposed method. We finally derive the physiological basis of wash-out filter control is affecting the result of competition between currents with different dynamics in the sub-threshold potential.
Tessellation: Refactoring the OS around explicit resource containers with continuous adaptation

Adaptive Resource-Centric Computing (ARCC) enables a simultaneous mix of high-throughput parallel, real-time, and interactive applications through automatic discovery of the correct mix of resource assignments necessary to achieve application requirements. This approach, embodied in the Tessellation manycore operating system, distributes resources to QoS domains called cells. Tessellation separates global decisions about the allocation of resources to cells from application-specific scheduling of resources within cells. We examine the implementation of ARCC in the Tessellation OS, highlight Tessellation's ability to provide predictable performance, and investigate the performance of Tessellation services within cells.
Performance of only-phase equalization in OFDM with soft decoding in indoor environment

In this paper, we investigate the performance of frequency domain equalization in conjunction with Soft Decision (SD) Viterbi decoding in the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Specifically, we compare the performance of two frequency domain equalization methods, one using complete phase and magnitude equalization of complex Quadrature Amplitude Modulated (QAM) symbols, while the other using only-phase equalization, or constellation rotation. Our investigation shows that the OFDM system using only-phase equalization in conjunction with soft decision decoding for convolutional codes has a better performance of about 2.5–4 dB in multipath environment than the system implementing complete equalization with the same soft decision decoding at 10−4 BER level.
Oscar: A Data-Oriented Overlay For Heterogeneous Environments

Quite a few data-oriented overlay networks have been designed in recent years. These designs often (implicitly) assume various homogeneity which seriously limit their usability in real world. In this paper we present some performance results of the Oscar overlay, which simultaneously deals with heterogeneity as observed in the Internet (capacity of computers, bandwidth) as well as non-uniformity observed in data-oriented applications.
Calculation-experimental method for the determination of the temperature field in laser welding

Welding International ISSN 0950 7116 © 2007 Taylor & Francis http://www.informaworld. com/journals DOI: 10.1080/09507110701455574 In the prediction of processes taking place in the individual zones of the welded joint, it is necessary to obtain information on the temperature field (the distribution of maximum temperature, the cooling rate, the holding time in the specific temperature range, etc). The currently available calculation procedures 2 make it possible to determine with sufficient accuracy of the temperature away from the weld pool but result in a larger error of the calculation in the vicinity of the weld pool. These difficulties are caused by the complicated nature of the physical processes in the weld pool (interaction of the heat source and liquid metal, convection and evaporation of the liquid, phase transitions, etc). The shape of the welded joint and of the temperature field in the heat affected zone (HAZ) is determined by complicated models and appropriate computer programs. They require temperature dependences of many physical quantities (viscosity, the surface tension coefficient, etc), time and a high qualification of investigators. In the determination of the temperature fields only in the solid part of the body, the formulation of the problem is greatly simplified. However, in this case, it is necessary to have information on all physical phenomena in liquid metal. This approach makes it possible to calculate the temperature field in the solid phase by the numerical method and is included in the concept of the ‘equivalent heat source’. The boundary of the pool can be found by experiments which in welding of relatively thin sheets is not very difficult. This calculation scheme was used for the first time in references 5 and 6 in the evaluation of the thermal processes taking place in the vicinity of the moving weld pool. Only incomplete experimental information on the boundary of the pool is usually available in welding relatively thick components. The aim of the present work is to present a combined calculation–experimental procedure for the determination of the three-dimensional temperature field in the solid part of the component in laser welding in accordance with the individual experimental data. The method is based on the analytical solution of the direct problem of determination of the temperature field for the volume heat source and numerical solution of the inverse problem in relation to the required parameters of the source. Formulation of the direct heat conductivity problem
Treatment of complicated crown-root fracture in a single visit by means of rebonding.

BACKGROUND Crown-root fractures of anterior teeth are relatively common but often time consuming and difficult to treat. In some cases, the clinician can complete the treatment in a single visit by reattaching the fractured fragment. CASE DESCRIPTION In this case report, the authors describe the treatment of a complicated crown-root fracture of the maxillary right central and lateral incisors. Among the treatment options for such cases, the treating clinician considered a single-visit rebonding procedure to be the best choice. The treatment consisted of a multidisciplinary approach involving coronal fragment removal, gingivectomy to expose the margins and single-visit endodontic therapy, followed by a rebonding of the fractured fragment by means of prefabricated posts. RESULTS Evaluation at 12 months indicated stable re-attachment of the fragments, good esthetics and good periodontal health. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The reattachment of a tooth fragment is a viable, conservative technique that restores function and esthetics, and clinicians should consider it when treating patients with coronal fractures of the anterior teeth.
Inscribed Approximation based Adaptive Tessellation of Catmull-Clark Subdivision Surfaces

Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme provides a powerful method for building smooth and complex surfaces. But the number of faces in the uniformly refined meshes increases exponentially with respect to subdivision depth. Adaptive tessellation reduces the number of faces needed to yield a smooth approximation to the limit surface and, consequently, makes the rendering process more efficient. In this paper, we present a new adaptive tessellation method for general Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces. Different from previous control mesh refinement based approaches, which generate approximate meshes that usually do not interpolate the limit surface, the new method is based on direct evaluation of the limit surface to generate an inscribed polyhedron of the limit surface. With explicit evaluation of general Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces becoming available, the new adaptive tessellation method can precisely measure error for every point of the limit surface. Hence, it has complete control of the accuracy of the tessellation result. Cracks are avoided by using a recursive color marking process to ensure that adjacent patches or subpatches use the same limit surface points in the construction of the shared boundary. The new method performs limit surface evaluation only at points that are needed for the final rendering process. Therefore it is very fast and memory efficient. The new method is presented for the general Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme. But it can be used for any subdivision scheme that has an explicit evaluation method for its limit surface.
Quantitative three-dimensional analysis and diffusion modeling of oligonucleotide concentrations after direct intraparenchymal brain infusion

We compared quantitative experimental results on the diffusion of /sup 35/S-labeled phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (PS-ODN) after intraparenchymal infusion in rat brain, with the distributions predicted by Fick's second law of diffusion. Fischer 344 rats underwent identical intracerebral infusions of /sup 35/S-PS-ODN. After 0, 5, 11, 23, and 47 h, groups of animals were sacrificed and sequential brain cryosections subjected to autoradiography. The resulting experimental data were compared to the predicted distributions, for estimation of the apparent free diffusion coefficient, D*. Volumes of distribution and total content of /sup 35/S-PS-ODN in the parenchyma were also computed, to monitor loss of total material. The values for D* were within the expected range for the 21-mer PS-ODN used, but a progressive decrease in D* over time was noted. The model requires D* to remain constant and, thus, does not adequately explain the spread of /sup 35/S-PS-ODN following infusion. The progressive slowing of spread over time suggests that at later time points, /sup 35/S-PS-ODN may be fixed by tissue binding or cellular uptake in the brain. Loss of material via vascular and CSF clearance may also contribute to the lack of fit. Our results highlight issues to be addressed in the modeling and experimental design of the intraparenchymal infusion process.
The Intrinsic Resolution Limit in the Atomic Force Microscope: Implications for Heights of Nano-Scale Features

Background Accurate mechanical characterization by the atomic force microscope at the highest spatial resolution requires that topography is deconvoluted from indentation. The measured height of nanoscale features in the atomic force microscope (AFM) is almost always smaller than the true value, which is often explained away as sample deformation, the formation of salt deposits and/or dehydration. We show that the real height of nano-objects cannot be obtained directly: a result arising as a consequence of the local probe-sample geometry. Methods and Findings We have modeled the tip-surface-sample interaction as the sum of the interaction between the tip and the surface and the tip and the sample. We find that the dynamics of the AFM cannot differentiate between differences in force resulting from 1) the chemical and/or mechanical characteristics of the surface or 2) a step in topography due to the size of the sample; once the size of a feature becomes smaller than the effective area of interaction between the AFM tip and sample, the measured height is compromised. This general result is a major contributor to loss of height and can amount to up to ∼90% for nanoscale features. In particular, these very large values in height loss may occur even when there is no sample deformation, and, more generally, height loss does not correlate with sample deformation. DNA and IgG antibodies have been used as model samples where experimental height measurements are shown to closely match the predicted phenomena. Conclusions Being able to measure the true height of single nanoscale features is paramount in many nanotechnology applications since phenomena and properties in the nanoscale critically depend on dimensions. Our approach allows accurate predictions for the true height of nanoscale objects and will lead to reliable mechanical characterization at the highest spatial resolution.