Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of 'Milk Run' of JCB India Ltd. (Ballabhgarh Plant)

JCB India Ltd. is a construction equipment manufacturer. Every production day, required materials in manufacturing of equipments produced at their Ballabhgarh Plant are brought in by Milk Runs, or from warehouse inventory. This paper is an attempt to minimize cost of Milk Runs for JCB India Ltd. The system is mathematically modeled to minimize total time for milk runs, followed by formulation and solution of a 'Bin- packing problem' to fit requisite number of trips into minimum possible number of trucks. 
Granger causality analysis in the neural mass model

The study of brain functional connectivity has become an important aspect of neuroscience. With the development of different methods to detect functional connectivity, the neural mass model based on physiology provides a basis for validating methods. As a popular method of discovering functional connectivity, Granger causality is applied to many fields of neurophysiology, but the mapping between Granger causality and coupling strength of neural mass model is unclear. To explore this relationship, we make a simulation to change the coupling strength of a double-column mass model, and calculate the corresponding Granger causality value. It is found that Granger causality and coupling strength has a relationship but nonlinear.
Differentiable lower bound for expected BLEU score

In natural language processing tasks performance of the models is often measured with some non-differentiable metric, such as BLEU score. To use efficient gradient-based methods for optimization, it is a common workaround to optimize some surrogate loss function. This approach is effective if optimization of such loss also results in improving target metric. The corresponding problem is referred to as loss-evaluation mismatch. In the present work we propose a method for calculation of differentiable lower bound of expected BLEU score that does not involve computationally expensive sampling procedure such as the one required when using REINFORCE rule from reinforcement learning (RL) framework.
Infections during induction therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia – no association to mannose‐binding lectin deficiency

Abstract: Objectives: Infection during the induction phase of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Several studies have indicated that genetically determined low serum levels of mannose‐binding lectin (MBL), a component of innate immunity, are associated with increased risk for infections in patients receiving chemotherapy. Thus, these patients have been proposed to be candidates for MBL replacement therapy. Methods: In a population‐based cohort of 137 children with ALL treated at a single pediatric hematology‐oncology center with an almost identical chemotherapy regimen, we studied the relationship between polymorphisms in the MBL gene (MBL2) and the MBL2 promoter and the risk of infections during the first 50 d of induction therapy. Results: No increased frequency of infection was seen for the children with genotypes encoding serum low levels of MBL. A higher incidence of fever (P < 0.004), infectious events (P = 0.025), days with neutropenia (P < 0.001) and a higher frequency of antimicrobial therapy (P = 0.0007) were seen in the young age group (<2.5 yr) compared with the older age group (≥2.5 yr), independent of the MBL genotype. Conclusions: MBL deficiency did not influence the frequency of infections in children receiving induction chemotherapy for ALL, not even in the youngest children (<2.5 yr) whom we found to have the highest risk for infections.
GlycoWorkbench: a tool for the computer-assisted annotation of mass spectra of glycans.

Mass spectrometry is the main analytical technique currently used to address the challenges of glycomics as it offers unrivalled levels of sensitivity and the ability to handle complex mixtures of different glycan variations. Determination of glycan structures from analysis of MS data is a major bottleneck in high-throughput glycomics projects, and robust solutions to this problem are of critical importance. However, all the approaches currently available have inherent restrictions to the type of glycans they can identify, and none of them have proved to be a definitive tool for glycomics. GlycoWorkbench is a software tool developed by the EUROCarbDB initiative to assist the manual interpretation of MS data. The main task of GlycoWorkbench is to evaluate a set of structures proposed by the user by matching the corresponding theoretical list of fragment masses against the list of peaks derived from the spectrum. The tool provides an easy to use graphical interface, a comprehensive and increasing set of structural constituents, an exhaustive collection of fragmentation types, and a broad list of annotation options. The aim of GlycoWorkbench is to offer complete support for the routine interpretation of MS data. The software is available for download from: http://www.eurocarbdb. org/applications/ms-tools.
The Organizational Ripple effect of IT Architecture in Healthcare

This study elucidates the organizational ripple effect of a large-scale technology-based healthcare enterprise development. It addresses the interplay between organizational information technology (IT) architecture and IT governance and the mediating role of inter-organizational interdependencies and coordination mechanisms. The research questions are; what ripple effect does IT architecture create in healthcare organizations, and how? What mechanisms are being used to manage them? We take a coordination perspective to conceptualize formal and informal mechanisms for implementing the IT architecture integration mandate, and propose an analytical framework to develop our argument. Our empirical evidence is a large networked healthcare organization engaged in an IT megaprogram aimed at improving clinical services through integration and standardization facilitated by an enterprise architecture practice. Based on our findings and building on coordination theory, we contribute to the enterprise architecture literature by providing analysis of coordination and governance challenges in enterprise architecture work. The findings demonstrate that IT architecture integration and standardization in complex organizational settings augment organizational coordination efforts by increasing socio-technical interdependencies which necessitate coordination-oriented hybrid governance mechanisms. Large and complex organizations involved in IT-based organizational transformation need to consider: i) sociotechnical interdependencies and the ensuing coordination ripple effect of their IT architecture choices and ii) address mechanisms for lateral coordination as part of their enterprise architecture and IT governance processes if socio-technical interdependencies are to be managed adequately.
Haplotype analysis of the BRCA2 9254delATCAT recurrent mutation in breast/ovarian cancer families from Spain

A frame‐shift 9254del5 mutation was independently identified in 12 families, eleven of them with Spanish ancestors, in a BRCA2 screening performed in 841 breast and/or ovarian cancer families and in 339 women with breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 40 at different centers in France and Spain. We sought to analyze in detail the haplotype and founder effects of the 9254del5 and to estimate the time of origin of the mutation. Eight polymorphic microsatellite markers and two BRCA2 polymorphisms were used for the haplotype analyses. The markers were located flanking the BRCA2 gene spanning a region of 6.1 cM. Our results suggest that these families shared a common ancestry with BRCA2 9254del5, which is a founder mutation originating in the Northeast Spanish, with an estimated age of 92 (95% CI 56‐141) generations. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term follow‐up of patients with hepatitis C with a normal alanine aminotransferase

An attempt was made to identify factors influencing the cumulative probability of an increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level and hepatocarcinogenesis in hepatitis C patients with a normal ALT level initially. A total of 398 consecutive patients with a normal ALT level initially for 6 months or more and follow‐up period longer than 3 years during the period January 1995 to December 2004 were included. Patients were classified by ALT level into three groups: Group A (3–20 IU/L), Group B (21–30 IU/L), and Group C (31–35 IU/L). Factors associated with the cumulative probability of increased ALT level and hepotocarcinogenesis were evaluated. Women in groups B and C and men in Group C showed high cumulative probabilities of increased ALT levels. Factors associated with increased ALT were a high ALT level (Group B, relative risk; 1.758 [95% confidence interval: 1.290–2.392], P < 0.001, Group C, 3.328 [2.256–4.909], P < 0.001), high lactate dehydrogenase level (2.352 [1.445–3.829], P = 0.001), or low total cholesterol level (1.957 [1.330–2.882], P = 0.001). Factors associated with incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma were increased age (3.088 [1.025–9.308], P = 0.045), high ALT level (Group C, 5.803 [1.530–22.066], P = 0.010), and high total bilirubin level (8.309 [2.235–30.888], P = 0.002). In patients with hepatitis C with a normal ALT level initially, an ALT level of 21–35 IU/L is a risk factor for an increased ALT level and hepatocarcinogenesis. J. Med. Virol. 81:446–451, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Debt detection and debt recovery with advanced classification techniques

My study is part of an ARC linkage project between University of Technology, Sydney and Centrelink Australia, which aims to applying data mining techniques to optimise the debt detection and debt recovery. A debt indicates an overpayment made by the government to a customer who is not entitled to that payment. In social security, an interaction between a customer and the government department is recorded as an activity. Each customer’s activities happen sequentially along the time, which can be regarded as a sequence. Based on the experience of debt detection experts, there are usually some patterns in the sequence of activities of customers who commit debts. The patterns indicating the customers’ intention to be overpaid can thus be used to discover or predict debt occurrence. The development of debt detection and recovery over sequential transaction data, however, is a challenging problem due to following reasons. (1) The size of transaction data is vast, and the transaction data are being generated continuously as the business goes on. (2) Transaction data are always time stamped by the business system, and the temporal order of the transaction data is highly related to the business logic. (3) The patterns and relationships hidden behind the transaction data may be affected by a lot of factors. They are not only dependent on business domain knowledge, but also subject to seasonal and social factors outside the business. Based on a survey of existing methods on debt detection and recovery, data mining techniques are studied in this thesis to detect and recovery debt in an adaptive and efficient fashion.
Effects of Disclosing Tax Avoidance: Capital Market Reaction to LuxLeaks

This study analyzes the capital market reaction to news about tax avoidance. We study the event known as LuxLeaks, through which hundreds of advance tax rulings were released on November 5, 2014. Advance tax rulings provide tax certainty. Consequently, the LuxLeaks revelation was not associated with any penalties or back taxes and we can isolate reputational loss as the only potential reason for a negative market response. Using an event study methodology, we find significant positive cumulated abnormal returns for the involved firms. Our results show that market participants reward this specific disclosure of tax avoidance and cast doubts on significant reputational effects. Further analysis suggests that the capital market especially rewards news about a firm’s additional engagement in tax avoidance that is associated with a high level of certainty.
Capital Market Access and Cash Flow Allocation During the Financial Crisis

Being a publicly listed firm is associated with costs and benefits related to investment, financing, and payout policies. To understand how a stock market listing influences the joint decisions on these corporate policies we analyze how European public and matched private firms adjust their cash flow allocation in response to the exogenous bank lending supply shock during the 2007-2009 financial crisis. Our novel empirical design allows us to analyze inter-dependent cash flow allocation adjustments within the cash flow identity. We find that both public and matched private firms heavily reduce their investments, financing, and payouts during the financial crisis. While investment adjustments are identical, public firms net issue more long-term debt to maintain relatively more payouts and repurchase stock.Our results suggest that while a stock market listing relaxes financial constraints, a listing induces managers to cater to shareholders by smoothing payouts and shoring up stock through repurchases. We find that the pressure on public firms to be more stock-market focused is greater in market-based economies. By contrast, in bank-dependent economies, public firms behave more sensibly: they invest relatively more and engage less in smoothing payouts and repurchasing stock.
Sterol methylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Various nystatin-resistant mutants defective in S-adenosylmethionine: delta 24-sterol-C-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.41) were shown to possess alleles of the same gene, erg6. The genetic map location of erg6 was shown to be close to trp1 on chromosome 4. Despite the single locus for erg6, S-adenosylmethionine: delta 24-sterol-C-methyltransferase enzyme activity was found in three separate fractions: mitochondria, microsomes, and the "floating lipid layer. " The amount of activity in each fraction could be manipulated by assay conditions. The lipids and lipid synthesis of mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in the delta 24-sterol-C-methyltransferase were compared with a C5(6) desaturase mutant and parental wild types. No ergosterol (C28 sterol) could be detected in whole-cell sterol extracts of the erg6 mutants, the limits of detection being less than 10(-11) mol of ergosterol per 10(8) cells. The distribution of accumulated sterols by these mutants varied with growth phase and between free and esterified fractions. The steryl ester concentrations of the mutants were eight times higher than those of the wild type from exponential growth samples. However, the concentration of the ester accumulated by the mutants was not as great in stationary-phase cells. Whereas the head group phospholipid composition was the same between parental and mutant strains, strain-dependent changes in fatty acids were observed, most notably a 40% increase in the oleic acid content of phosphatidylethanolamine of one erg6 mutant, JR5.
A randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of mastectomy flap quilting sutures in reducing post modified radical mastectomy seroma formation

Background: One of the most common complication post modified radical mastectomy is the formation of seroma. Seroma formation in-turn delays wound healing, increases susceptibility to infection, skin flap necrosis, persistent pain and thus prolongs convalescence. For this, several techniques have been tried and trialed to improve primary healing and decrease the formation of seroma. Methods: Between Aug 2014 and July 2016, 60 patients with carcinoma of the breast, posted for modified radical mastectomy at KR Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India were randomly divided into 2 groups, the study group (30) and the control group (30). In the study group; the mastectomy flap quilting sutures were put between the flap and the pectoral fascia and muscle at different parts of the flap and at the flap edge with absorbable sutures (polyglactin 3-0). In the control group; the flaps were approximated by the conventional method at the edges. Closed suction drains were placed in both the groups. Patients, tumour characteristics and operative related factors were documented. The volume and colour of the fluid drained was recorded everyday. The drains were removed when the amount became less than 30 cc in a 24 hour period. The total volume and duration (number of days) of fluid drained and the complications were recorded and compared. Results: In the study group, the drain was removed much earlier when compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The total amount of fluid drained was much lower in the study group (p < 0.001). The study group showed a much lower frequency of seroma formation when compared to the control group. Conclusions: The mastectomy quilting suture technique is an effective procedure that considerably reduces the incidence of seroma formation in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.
Torque-Ripple Minimization and Fast Dynamic Scheme for Torque Predictive Control of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motors

This paper proposes a simple and effective method to reduce torque ripples for the torque predictive control (TPC) of permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The conventional TPC analyzes the relationship among the electrical torque, stator flux, and stator voltage using the magnitude of the stator voltage vector of PMSMs to obtain the angle of the reference voltage vector and accurately control the torque. In addition, the stator-flux control uses the hysteresis method. However, the voltage vector that can be chosen in an inverter is limited because the conventional TPC fixes the magnitude of the reference voltage vector, and thus, a large torque ripple is generated in the low-speed region. The proposed TPC does not fix but varies the magnitude of the reference voltage vector using both the torque and flux error information. Therefore, it not only has the fast dynamic of a direct torque control but also can reduce effectively the torque ripple. The proposed method is proven by the simulation and experimental results, and the proposed algorithm provides an excellent steady-state response and fast dynamics.
Weight of Evidence Coding and Binning of Predictors in Logistic Regression

Weight of evidence (WOE) coding of a nominal or discrete variable is widely used when preparing predictors for usage in binary logistic regression models. When using WOE coding, an important preliminary step is binning of the levels of the predictor to achieve parsimony without giving up predictive power. These concepts of WOE and binning are extended to ordinal logistic regression in the case of the cumulative logit model. SAS® code to perform binning in the binary case and in the ordinal case is discussed. Lastly, guidelines for assignment of degrees of freedom for WOE-coded predictors within a fitted logistic model are discussed. The assignment of degrees of freedom bears on the ranking of logistic models by SBC (Schwarz Bayes). All computations in this talk are performed by using SAS® and SAS/STAT®.
A Comparative Study for rhodopsin protein Folding Problem

Proteins are very important components in any living cells. A number of diseases such as Retinitis pigmentosa, Stargadt-like macular degeneration and Doyne Honeycomb Retinal Dystrophy (DHRD) diseases are shown to result from misfunctioning of proteins. Protein folding problem is a way to predict the best and optimal 3D molecular structure (tertiary structure) of a protein which is then considered to be a sign for the proteinâs proper functionality. This comparative studyâs purpose is to calculate the protein’s energy using the Empirical Conformational Energy Program for Peptides (ECEPP) package and experiments were performed on the Rhodopsin proteinusing three different evolutionary algorithms in order to find the best energy in parallel with the best structure for the protein and a comparison for the results obtained from the three algorithms was performed. It was found that the best result was -11.8 obtained from the Extended Compact Genetic Algorithm (ECGA). ECGA has proved from the obtained results to be the best algorithm from the chosen algorithms in the comparative study in obtaining the Rhodpsin proteinâs energy and its equivalent structure.
Isolation and characterization of P1 minireplicons, lambda-P1:5R and lambda-P1:5L

We have isolated two new classes of P1 miniplasmids, called lambda-P1:5R and lambda-P1:5L, by the in vivo extension of a cloned P1 fragment, EcoRI-5, which by itself is not capable of plasmid replication. The lambda-P1:5R plasmids contain EcoRI-5 plus a variable portion of the adjacent P1 EcoRI fragment 8. They have a copy number like that of P1 (about 1 per host chromosome), are faithfully segregated at cell division, and are subject to incompatibility exerted by either a single copy of P1 or a single copy of EcoRI-5. In contrast, the lambda-P1:5L plasmids contain EcoRI-5 and a portion of adjacent P1 DNA that includes at least P1 EcoRI fragments 15, 18, and 23 and a part of fragment 17. These plasmids have a copy number of about 15 per cell chromosome. Despite this they are segregated to daughter cells somewhat less faithfully than are lambda-P1:5R plasmids. They are sensitive to incompatibility exerted by a single copy of P1, but not to incompatibility exerted by a single copy of EcoRI-5. lambda-P1:5L plasmids are, however, sensitive to incompatibility exerted by multiple copies of EcoRI-5. These results show that the relative copy numbers of exerting and responding elements are important for the incompatibility phenotype and strongly suggest that lambda-P1:5L plasmids lack a repressor of replication that can be supplied in trans from P1 but not from EcoRI fragment 5. We suggest that P1 normally uses the 5R replicon and that the 5L replicon may be a backup system that ensures plasmid maintenance should the primary replication event fail to initiate.
High involvement human resource practices and their effects on employee turnover in the pub industry

The study first finds out whether there is any correlation between high involvement human resource practices (HIHRPs) and employee turnover in the pub industry. We then look more deeply into HIHR practices to determine which of those is likely to impact employee turnover most. We developed our dataset based on a mixed methods approach that explored in depth many different aspects of the research problem. The findings suggest that there is indeed a link between HIHRPs and employee turnover in the pub industry. When looking at the individual practices, the most popular among employees is that of compensation, in particular bonuses based on positive customer surveys. Other practices found likely to have an impact on employee turnover are a reduction of status differences between managers and employees, improved training opportunities and creating a clear career path for employees