Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memory controller design under cloud workloads

This work studies the behavior of state-of-the-art memory controller designs when executing scale-out workloads. It considers memory scheduling techniques, memory page management policies, the number of memory channels, and the address mapping scheme used. Experimental measurements demonstrate: 1) Several recently proposed memory scheduling policies are not a good match for these scale-out workloads. 2) The relatively simple First-Ready-First-Come- First-Served (FR-FCFS) policy performs consistently better, and 3) for most of the studied workloads, the even simpler First-Come-First-Served scheduling policy is within 1% of FRFCFS. 4) Increasing the number of memory channels offers negligible performance benefits, e.g., performance improves by 1.7% on average for 4-channels vs. 1-channel. 5) 77%- 90% of DRAM rows activations are accessed only once before closure. These observation can guide future development and optimization of memory controllers for scale-out workloads.
Disciplinary Boundaries and the Rhetoric of the Social Sciences

In this paper, I argue that the rhetorical character of disciplinary boundaries in the social sciences provides an especially good context for examining the embodiment of knowledge as a source of worldly power, a topic typically neglected by epistemologists and philosophers of science, who still tend to think of knowledge as a politically indifferent or "disembodied" phenomenon. I start with what seems to be a technical problem in the philosophy of science, namely, whether it is possible to demarcate criteria for demarcating science from nonscience. Recent philosophers have despaired of finding such "meta-boundaries" and as a result have begun to call into question the very identity of the philosophy of science. Against this line of reasoning, I argue that the failure of the demarcation project only shows that attempts to study science scientifically, as the philosophers have wanted to do, tend to result in science deconstructing its identity. But, clearly, the epistemic authority of science has worked to block such self-deconstructive moves in the normal course of inquiry. How? I propose a strategy for addressing this question, namely, to examine how science exercises worldly power by rhetorically drawing our attention to the fact that scientific knowledge repre-
Predictability of Android OpenSSL's pseudo random number generator

OpenSSL is the most widely used library for SSL/TLS on the Android platform. The security of OpenSSL depends greatly on the unpredictability of its Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG). In this paper, we reveal the vulnerability of the OpenSSL PRNG on the Android. We first analyze the architecture of the OpenSSL specific to Android, and the overall operation process of the PRNG from initialization until the session key is generated. Owing to the nature of Android, the Dalvik Virtual Machine in Zygote initializes the states of OpenSSL PRNG early upon booting, and SSL applications copy the PRNG states of Zygote when they start. Therefore, the applications that use OpenSSL generate random data from the same initial states, which is potential problem that may seriously affect the security of Android applications. Next, we investigate the possibility of recovering the initial states of the OpenSSL PRNG. To do so, we should predict the nine external entropy sources of the PRNG. However, we show that these sources can be obtained in practice if the device is fixed. For example, the complexity of the attack was O(2^{32+t}) in our smartphone, where t is the bit complexity for estimating the system boot time. In our experiments, we were able to restore the PRNG states in 74 out of 100 cases. Assuming that we knew the boot time, i.e., t=0, the average time required to restore was 35 min on a PC with four cores (eight threads). Finally, we show that it is possible to recover the PreMasterSecret of the first SSL session with O(2^{58}) computations using the restored PRNG states, if the application is implemented by utilizing org.webkit package and a key exchange scheme is RSA. It shows that the vulnerability of OpenSSL PRNG can be a real threat to the security of Android.
A Cross-Lingual Word Kernel SVM for SMT Training Corpus Selection

Instead of collecting more and more parallel training corpora, this paper aims to improve SMT performance by exploiting full potential of the existing parallel corpora. Inspired by the mechanism of string subsequence and word sequence kernels, we first propose a cross-lingual word kernel (CWK) SVM to classify SMT training corpus as literal translation and free translation, and then use these data to train SMT models. One experiment indicates that larger training corpus do not always lead to higher decoding performance when the incremental data are not literal translation. And another experiment shows that properly enlarging the contribution of literal translation can improve SMT performance significantly.
Phenylpropene diglycosides from the bark of Machilus wangchiana

Five new phenylpropene diglycosides (1–5), together with three known analogs, have been isolated from an ethanol extract of the bark of Machilus wangchiana. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. In the preliminary assay, compounds 2 and 5–8 reduced dl-galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatocyte (WB-F344 cells) damage with 37–41% inhibitions at 10 μM.
Parametric estimation of cumulants

The problem of higher-order cumulants estimation is addressed in this paper. Higher-order cumulants are necessary in many applications, such as blind source separation (BSS) and blind deconvolution. In these applications, the cumulants are usually estimated using sample estimation. In this paper, a parametric method for cumulants estimation using the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is derived. The cumulants are expressed in terms of the GMM parameters, and estimated using the maximum-likelihood estimator. The performance of the proposed model-based method was evaluated and compared to sample estimation using computer simulations. The results show that the model-based estimation outperforms the sample estimation in terms of root-mean-square error.
Hybrid asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverters based on three- and nine-level H-bridges

This paper proposes two hybrid asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverters. Both inverters consist of the series connection of a three-level (3L) H-bridge cell and a nine-level (9L) H-bridge cell with an unequal dc voltage ratio of 1:8. The topologies of the 9L H-bridge cell are based on modular multilevel cascade converter (MMCC) with double-star chopper cells (DSCC). Both the proposed inverters can produce 19 output voltage levels. To accomplish this, a modulation strategy is developed. Compared to 19-level conventional MMCC, the proposed topologies have fewer components and less losses in the semiconductor devices. Additionally, a voltage balancing algorithm and circulating current control are discussed in order to maintain the stability of the system. At last, to validate the proposed modulation and control strategy, simulation and experimental results are presented.
The Creation of Person, the Creation of Place: Hunting Landscapes in The American Southwest

Because people conceptualize the land on which they live metaphorically, it is suggested that metaphor theory is an important component of landscape theory. One kind of metaphorically charged landscape is the hunting landscape, a type of gendered landscape that embodies hunting and animal metaphors related to gender categories and provides a field on which to perform and establish maleness. Two archaeological examples of hunting landscapes in the American Southwest are explored to show how hunting and its associated landscapes facilitate the creation and substantiation of the male persona through metaphorical linkages between humans and animals, hunting and warfare, and game animals and women.
A lipoprotein/β-barrel complex monitors lipopolysaccharide integrity transducing information across the outer membrane

Lipoprotein RcsF is the OM component of the Rcs envelope stress response. RcsF exists in complexes with β-barrel proteins (OMPs) allowing it to adopt a transmembrane orientation with a lipidated N-terminal domain on the cell surface and a periplasmic C-terminal domain. Here we report that mutations that remove BamE or alter a residue in the RcsF trans-lumen domain specifically prevent assembly of the interlocked complexes without inactivating either RcsF or the OMP. Using these mutations we demonstrate that these RcsF/OMP complexes are required for sensing OM outer leaflet stress. Using mutations that alter the positively charged surface-exposed domain, we show that RcsF monitors lateral interactions between lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules. When these interactions are disrupted by cationic antimicrobial peptides, or by the loss of negatively charged phosphate groups on the LPS molecule, this information is transduced to the RcsF C-terminal signaling domain located in the periplasm to activate the stress response. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.15276. 001
Business and management competency of engineers: Curriculum and assessment

It is a global trend that those engineers who are proficient with the principles of business and management are rewarded with leadership roles. With the growing interdependence between technology, industry, economy and society, more opportunities will be available for engineers to exercise their potential as leaders, not only in business but also in the nonprofit and government sectors. In this paper, the following questions are addressed: What does it mean for engineers to have business and management competency? How can engineering schools prepare their students to attain the type of business and management competency demanded by industry? The analysis presented in this paper addresses the above questions in the following ways. First it defines the meaning of business and management competency for engineers. Second, it offers a minimum learning criterion for the business and management competency of engineers and a set of three learning outcomes of engineering management education. Third, this paper shows the results of an industry demand survey for engineering management education as well as provides a review of the global educational trends in this field in the U.S., Japan and Korea. Finally, the leading examples and lessons learned from engineering management education at Yonsei University are presented, and recommendations are made.
Beer, brewing, and business history

Abstract This editorial introduces the eight articles in the special issue on ‘Beer, brewing and business history’. Following the BEERONOMICS conference held at the University of York, 2013, and the subsequent approval of the editorial board of Business History, we received many submissions discussing beer, brewing, and their importance to business history (broadly defined). In this editorial we provide a brief overview of the historical development of beer and brewing; explain the appeal to business historians of the principal themes which have emerged in the historiography of this industry, and provide a short introduction to the articles accepted for publication in this special issue.
Heart isease he arterial switch operation in Europe for transposition of the reat arteries : A multi-institutional study from the European ongenital Heart Surgeons Association

he arterial switch operation in Europe for transposition of the reat arteries: A multi-institutional study from the European ongenital Heart Surgeons Association eorge E. Sarris, MD, Andrew C. Chatzis, MD, Nicolas M. Giannopoulos, MD, George Kirvassilis, MD, Hakan Berggren, MD, ark Hazekamp, MD, Thierry Carrel, MD, Juan V. Comas, MD, Duccio Di Carlo, MD, Willem Daenen, MD, Tjark Ebels, MD, osè Fragata, MD, Victor Hraska, MD, Vladimir Ilyin, MD, Harald L. Lindberg, MD, Dominique Metras, MD, Marco Pozzi, MD, ean Rubay, MD, Heikki Sairanen, MD, Giovanni Stellin, MD, Andreas Urban, MD, Carin Van Doorn, MD, and erhard Ziemer, MD, on behalf of the European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association
The modeling and characterization of silicon carbide thyristors

The U.S. electric grid is moving down a path of modernization and SiC-based thyristor devices may play a role in that transformation. This paper reports two primary contributions - (a) accurate physics based modeling and characterization of a SiC p-type thyristor, and (b) developing and codifying a generalized parameter extraction strategy for the Lumped-Charge modeling method, making it feasible to apply this technique for any bipolar device - beyond the thyristor. The level-3 physics based model incorporating SiC material and device geometry is highly accurate, replicating device capacitances, lifetimes, and non-quasi-static effects present in the actual device. A 1 kV/36 A p-type SiC thyristor provided by Cree was used to validate the model. Special test jigs were also designed and used to fully characterize the dc and transient performance of the device, ensuring precise measurements and safety of the user.
A GCSS model intercomparison for a tropical squall line observed during toga‐coare. II: Intercomparison of single‐column models and a cloud‐resolving model

This paper presents single‐column model (SCM) simulations of a tropical squall‐line case observed during the Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere Response Experiment of the Tropical Ocean/Global Atmosphere Programme. This case‐study was part of an international model intercomparison project organized by Working Group 4 ‘Precipitating Convective Cloud Systems’ of the GEWEX (Global Energy and Water‐cycle Experiment) Cloud System Study.
Explicit and Implicit Attitude Tests Examining Attitude Towards Obese People Among Undergraduate Psychology Students

English Studies examining attitudes towards obese people have mainly focused on conscious or explicit attitudes which may be biased by social desirability. Therefore, the present study examined both explicit and implicit, that are considered to be unconscious, attitudes towards obese individuals. A sample of 46 undergraduate psychology students participated in the study. The results showed that there is a negative bias towards obese individuals with 73% participants demonstrating strong, moderate or slight implicit bias of which 33% showed strong bias. There was a small, but significant correlation between implicit and explicit measures of attitudes. As hypothesized social desirability was associated with explicit attitudes but counter to hypothesis social desirability was also associated with implicit attitudes. Lastly, women and younger participants had more negative explicit attitudes but no difference was found on implicit attitudes. The findings demonstrate that there is a negative bias towards obese individuals as assessed with both implicit and explicit attitude measures. As these negative biases can severely affect quality of life among obese individuals educational interventions are needed to address and correct these anti-fat biases.
An Innovative Statistical Tool for Automatic OWL-ERD Alignment

Aligning two representations of the same domain with different expressiveness is a crucial topic in nowadays semantic web and big data research. OWL ontologies and Entity Relation Diagrams are the most widespread representations whose alignment allows for semantic data access via ontology interface, and ontology storing techniques. The term ""alignment" encompasses three different processes: OWL-to-ERD and ERD-to-OWL transformation, and OWL-ERD mapping. In this paper an innovative statistical tool is presented to accomplish all the three aspects of the alignment. The main idea relies on the use of a HMM to estimate the most likely ERD sentence that is stated in a suitable grammar, and corresponds to the observed OWL axiom. The system and its theoretical background are presented, and some experiments are reported.
A study of agreement between the Naranjo algorithm and WHO-UMC criteria for causality assessment of adverse drug reactions

Objectives: Reliability and usefulness of various adverse drug reaction (ADR) causality assessment scales have not been fully explored. There is no universally accepted method for causality grading of ADRs. In the present study we assessed agreement between the two widely used causality assessment scales, that is, the World Health Organization-Uppsala Monitoring Center (WHO-UMC) criteria and the Naranjo algorithm. Materials and Methods: The same observer assessed all ADRs (n = 913) collected between January 2010 and December 2012 using the WHO-UMC criteria and Naranjo algorithm at a tertiary care hospital in India. We found that the most frequently assigned causality category was “possible” with both the scales. Results: A disagreement in the causality assessment was found in 45 (4.9%) cases reflecting “poor” agreement between the two scales (Kappa statistic with 95% confidence interval = 0.143 [0.018, 0.268]). The mean time taken to assess causality of the ADR using the WHO-UMC criteria was shorter than that by the Naranjo algorithm. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a poor agreement between the WHO-UMC criteria and Naranjo algorithm with the former being less time-consuming.
Classroom Silence: L2 Graduate Students' Perceptions

This article reports on a qualitative multiple case study that explored the invisible meaning of silence for second language learners in the multicultural classroom. Perceptions of second language students as silent have been widely debated in the disciplines of education. Drawing on data from classroom observation, students’ reflective writing and interviews with ESL graduate students, this study compares and contrasts their perceptions of talk and silence in English for academic purpose classrooms and mainstream university seminars. The multiple issues behind these non-native students' classroom silence included not only language related issues but also issues of emotion, culture, and identity. Students reported that they were involved in different cognitive, emotional, and social activities, while they remained silent in class discussions. The findings imply the need for a re-examination of the devaluation of silence, with the aim of contributing to improved communication.
Le Défi Belge

Jean Boddewyn has pioneered research on the political dimensions of corporate strategy. Beginning his academic career during a time when research indicated that most firms gave little organizational priority to government relations (Schollhammer 1975), Boddewyn found a rich context for his investigations of market and political strategies in the study of international business and the multinational corporation. We explicate three main positions that Boddewyn has advocated and sought to empirically support in this work: (1) The state can behave as an actor in business affairs; (2) all of a firm's behavior has political dimensions; and (3) effective organization for political action requires legitimacy and internal value infusion. We consider how Boddewyn's scholarly perspectives may have been conditioned by a personal, integrative framing of European social democracy, continental political discourse, and U. S. - style democratic pluralism.
Multimodal Abandoned/Removed Object Detection for Low Power Video Surveillance Systems

Low-cost and low-power video surveillance systems based on networks of wireless video sensors will enter soon the marketplace with the promise of flexibility, quick deployment and providing accurate and real-time visual data. Energy autonomy and efficiency of the implemented algorithms are undoubtedly the primary design challenges to be addressed on systems subject to low computational capabilities and memory constraints. In this paper we present a low-power video sensor node designed for low-cost video surveillance which is able to detect abandoned and removed objects. The system exploits multi-modal sensor integration which saves on-board power consumption. In particular a Pyroelectric InfraRed (PIR)sensor is exploited to optimize the use of the camera,grabbing images only when required in order to obtain the maximum efficiency from event recognition. Our fixed-point ARM-based approach is characterized in terms of runtime execution and power consumption, while efficiency is demonstrated by experimental results and compared with floating point implementations.
Suicidal ideation and thoughts of death in epilepsy patients.

BACKGROUND Suicidal behavior is an important worldwide health problem. Psychiatric disorders, especially mood disorders, are the main risk factors for suicidal behavior. Suicide is an important cause of death in patients with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of suicidal ideation in patients with epilepsy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study included 50 epilepsy inpatients and outpatients of both genders, aged 18 years and older, treated at the Department of Neurology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo in the period from 1(st) of April - October 1(st) 2007. The sample was selected randomly. Applied research instruments were general questionnaire, HAM-D-17, BHS and BSS. RESULTS Suicidal ideation and thoughts of death were present in 38% epilepsy patients. Symptoms of depression as well as feelings of hopelessness were found in half of the participants (52% and 48%), and were significantly more common in epilepsy patients with suicidal ideation. There was a significant relation of suicidal ideation with the presence of chronic pain (3.86; p=0.49), sexual/physical abuse history (5.95, p=0.015), level of hopelessness (20.7; p=0.000) and severity of depression (14.48; p=0.000) in epilepsy patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that unemployment (Exp(B) 33.9; p=0.007) and the level of hopelessness (Exp(B) 14.9; p=0.001) were independently related to suicidal ideation in these patients. CONCLUSIONS The study has shown that the level of hopelessness and unemployment have a predictive value for appearance of suicidal ideation in epilepsy patients. In the prediction of suicidal ideation in this population of patients, there is no single variable that should be considered as specific and separate.
Combining Collaborative, Diversity and Content Based Filtering for Recommendation System

Combining collaborative filtering with some other technique is most common in hybrid recommender systems. As many recommended items from collaborative filtering seem to be similar with respect to content, the collaborative-content hybrid system suffers in terms of quality recommendation and recommending new items as well. To alleviate such problem, we have developed a novel method that uses a diversity metric to select the dissimilar items among the recommended items from collaborative filtering, which together with the input when fed into content space let us improve and include new items in the recommendation. We present experimental results on movielens dataset that shows how our approach performs better than simple content-based system and naive hybrid system.
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Damage in Hypertension: Role of Angiotensin II

Reactive oxygen species are oxygen derivates and play an active role in vascular biology. These compounds are generated within the vascular wall, at the level of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as by adventitial fibroblasts. In healthy conditions, ROS are produced in a controlled manner at low concentrations and function as signaling molecules regulating vascular contraction-relaxation and cell growth. Physiologically, the rate of ROS generation is counterbalanced by the rate of elimination. In hypertension, an enhanced ROS generation occurs, which is not counterbalanced by the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, leading to a state of oxidative stress. In the present paper, major angiotensin II-induced vascular ROS generation within the vasculature, and relative sources, will be discussed. Recent development of signalling pathways whereby angiotensin II-driven vascular ROS induce and accelerate functional and structural vascular injury will be also considered.