Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating latent class models with conditional dependence in record linkage

Record linkage methods commonly use a traditional latent class model to classify record pairs from different sources as true matches or non‐matches. This approach was first formally described by Fellegi and Sunter and assumes that the agreement in fields is independent conditional on the latent class. Consequences of violating the conditional independence assumption include bias in parameter estimates from the model. We sought to further characterize the impact of conditional dependence on the overall misclassification rate, sensitivity, and positive predictive value in the record linkage problem when the conditional independence assumption is violated. Additionally, we evaluate various methods to account for the conditional dependence. These methods include loglinear models with appropriate interaction terms identified through the correlation residual plot as well as Gaussian random effects models. The proposed models are used to link newborn screening data obtained from a health information exchange. On the basis of simulations, loglinear models with interaction terms demonstrated the best misclassification rate, although this type of model cannot accommodate other data features such as continuous measures for agreement. Results indicate that Gaussian random effects models, which can handle additional data features, perform better than assuming conditional independence and in some situations perform as well as the loglinear model with interaction terms. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Advances in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Although subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) comprises only 1% to 7% of all strokes,1 the loss of productive life years in the general population from SAH is comparable to that of cerebral infarction2 because of the relatively young age of onset and poor outcome in SAH.1,3,4 However, unlike other stroke subtypes, the incidence of SAH exhibits little geographical variation and did not significantly change over the last decades.1 In the most recent overview of 14 longitudinal and 23 case-control studies of risk factors for SAH published in English from 1966 through March 2005,5 it was concluded that smoking, hypertension, and excessive alcohol are the most important risk factors for SAH. Exposure to these risk factors individually and/or in combination promotes formation, growth, and rupture of intracranial aneurysm(s),6–8 a major cause of SAH. The consistency of the data across studies involving different designs and populations suggests that cigarette smoking and elevated blood pressure are causally related to SAH.9 There is also evidence that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of SAH.10 Accumulating evidence suggest a temporal (seasonal and diurnal) pattern in the occurrence of SAH,11,12 but reasons for these temporal patterns remain unclear. However, there is still lack of good quality population-based epidemiological studies on incidence, trends, and outcomes of SAH in different populations (especially from developing countries). Misdiagnosis of SAH occurred in 12% of 482 SAH patients admitted to a large American tertiary care hospital and was associated with a smaller hemorrhage and normal mental status on first assessment as well as poorer 1-year outcome resulting from neurological complications before correct diagnosis (primarily rebleeding). 13 All patients with suspected SAH, including those with mild symptoms after an otherwise typical thunderclap onset, should have an emergency computed tomography (CT) scan without …
Gas-Foamed Scaffold Gradients for CombinatorialScreening in 3D

Current methods for screening cell-material interactions typically utilize a two-dimensional (2D) culture format where cells are cultured on flat surfaces. However, there is a need for combinatorial and high-throughput screening methods to systematically screen cell-biomaterial interactions in three-dimensional (3D) tissue scaffolds for tissue engineering. Previously, we developed a two-syringe pump approach for making 3D scaffold gradients for use in combinatorial screening of salt-leached scaffolds. Herein, we demonstrate that the two-syringe pump approach can also be used to create scaffold gradients using a gas-foaming approach. Macroporous foams prepared by a gas-foaming technique are commonly used for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds due to their high interconnectivity and good mechanical properties. Gas-foamed scaffold gradient libraries were fabricated from two biodegradable tyrosine-derived polycarbonates: poly(desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate) (pDTEc) and poly(desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine octyl ester carbonate) (pDTOc). The composition of the libraries was assessed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and showed that pDTEc/pDTOc gas-foamed scaffold gradients could be repeatably fabricated. Scanning electron microscopy showed that scaffold morphology was similar between the pDTEc-rich ends and the pDTOc-rich ends of the gradient. These results introduce a method for fabricating gas-foamed polymer scaffold gradients that can be used for combinatorial screening of cell-material interactions in 3D.
Performance evaluation of data integrity mechanisms for mobile agents

A primary security challenge of the mobile agent paradigm is that of protecting the data carried by a mobile agent. With the growing popularity of e-commerce applications that use software agents, the protection of mobile agent data has become imperative. To that end, we evaluate the performance of four methods that protect the data integrity of mobile agents. While some techniques have been proposed in the literature, there has previously been no experimental study comparing the various alternatives. The set of integrity mechanisms that we investigate includes existing approaches known as the Partial Result Authentication Codes (PRACs), Hash Chaining, and Set Authentication Code methods, as well as a technique of our own design, which we refer to as the Modified Set Authentication Code method. The Modified Set Authentication Code method addresses several limitations of the Set Authentication Code method. The performance experiments were run using the DADS mobile agent system, for which we designed a Data Integrity Module. The experimental results showed that our Modified Set Authentication Code technique performed comparably to the Set Authentication Code method, showing some improvement in the key generation times and agent size. In this paper, we compare the trade-offs between security features and performance for all four methods and identify the niche that each technique could fill.
Implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation for the edentulous maxilla using the additive manufacturing technology: A case report

metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique would be promising for the full-arch implant-supported restorations due to reduced cost and manufacturing time without potential human errors and casting defects. The aims of this case report were to describe the successful outcome of an implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis in the edentulous maxilla by using the DMLS technology and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) monolithic zirconia crowns, and to describe its clinical implications. A healthy 51-year-old Korean woman visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital and she was in need of a rehabilitation of her entire maxilla due to severe tooth mobility. In this case, all maxillary teeth were extracted and an implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis was fabricated that involved a cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) framework with the DMLS technique and CAD/CAM monolithic zirconia crowns. Six months after delivery, no distinct mechanical and biological complications were detected and the prosthesis exhibited satisfactory esthetics and function. In this case report, with the DMLS system, the three-dimensional printed prosthesis was created without additional manual tooling and thus, reliable accuracy and passive fit were obtained. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2018;56:173-8)
Practical Control Flow Integrity and Randomization for Binary Executables

Control Flow Integrity (CFI) provides a strong protection against modern control-flow hijacking attacks. However, performance and compatibility issues limit its adoption. We propose a new practical and realistic protection method called CCFIR (Compact Control Flow Integrity and Randomization), which addresses the main barriers to CFI adoption. CCFIR collects all legal targets of indirect control-transfer instructions, puts them into a dedicated "Springboard section" in a random order, and then limits indirect transfers to flow only to them. Using the Springboard section for targets, CCFIR can validate a target more simply and faster than traditional CFI, and provide support for on-site target-randomization as well as better compatibility. Based on these approaches, CCFIR can stop control-flow hijacking attacks including ROP and return-into-libc. Results show that ROP gadgets are all eliminated. We observe that with the wide deployment of ASLR, Windows/x86 PE executables contain enough information in relocation tables which CCFIR can use to find all legal instructions and jump targets reliably, without source code or symbol information. We evaluate our prototype implementation on common web browsers and the SPEC CPU2000 suite: CCFIR protects large applications such as GCC and Firefox completely automatically, and has low performance overhead of about 3.6%/8.6% (average/max) using SPECint2000. Experiments on real-world exploits also show that CCFIR-hardened versions of IE6, Firefox 3.6 and other applications are protected effectively.
Abundance of Intrinsically Unstructured Proteins ( IUPs ) in P . 4 falciparum and other Apicomplexan Parasite Proteomes

9 a The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 10 Victoria, 3050, Australia 11 b School of Computer Science and IT, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3001, Australia 12 c Cooperative Research Centre for Vaccine Technology, Department of Biochemistry, 13 La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia 14 15
Developmental differences in visual and auditory processing of complex sentences.

Children aged 8 through 11 (N = 250) were given a word-by-word sentence task in both the visual and auditory modes. The sentences included an object relative clause, a subject relative clause, or a conjoined verb phrase. Each sentence was followed by a true-false question, testing the subject of either the first or second verb. Participants were also given two memory span measures: digit span and reading span. High digit span children slowed down more at the transition from the main to the relative clause than did the low digit span children. The findings suggest the presence of a U-shaped learning pattern for on-line processing of restrictive relative clauses. Off-line accuracy scores showed different patterns for good comprehenders and poor comprehenders. Poor comprehenders answered the second verb questions at levels that were consistently below chance. Their answers were based on an incorrect local attachment strategy that treated the second noun as the subject of the second verb. For example, they often answered yes to the question "The girl chases the policeman" after the object relative sentence "The boy that the girl sees chases the policeman. " Interestingly, low memory span poor comprehenders used the local attachment strategy less consistently than high memory span poor comprehenders, and all poor comprehenders used this strategy less consistently for harder than for easier sentences.
The Role of Superoxide Anions in the Pathogenesis of Cerebral Vasospasm

Background and Purpose To determine the role of superoxide anions in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, we studied the preventive effect of human recombinant copper‐zinc superoxide dismutase (h‐r SOD) in a rabbit subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. Methods Forty‐five rabbits receiving intracisternal injection of 3 mL autologous nonheparinized blood or 3 mL saline were divided into four groups as follow: (1) saline injected and no treatment (control group, n=6); (2) blood injected and no treatment (SAH group, n=20); (3) blood injected and treated by multiple intracisternal injections of 30 000 U of h‐r SOD in 0.5 mL saline (SOD group, n=9); and (4) blood injected and treated by multiple intracisternal injections of 0.5 mL saline (saline group, n=10). Serial angiograms were performed after the blood injection, and the diameter of the basilar artery was measured. Three animals from the control group and five animals from the SAH and SOD groups each were killed 2 days after SAH, and their basilar arteries were processed for transmission electron microscopic observations. Results In the SAH and saline groups, the diameter of the basilar arteries was significantly reduced (28±14% and 27±9%, respectively) at 2 days after the blood injection, then recovered to pre‐SAH levels until 11 days. In the SOD group, the diameter of the basilar artery was only minimally changed during the follow‐up period. Transmission electron microscopy revealed endothelial injury in all basilar arteries in the SAH group, whereas endothelial injury was minimal in the SOD group. Conclusions We determined that h‐r SOD prevents the occurrence of vasospasm, possibly as a result of preventing endothelial injury initiated by superoxide anions. (Stroke. 1994;25:864‐868.)
Text Categorization for Vietnamese Documents

Many machine learning methods have been proposed for text categorization, but most research has applied them to English documents. Vietnamese is a different language with different features and it is not clear whether the standard methods will work on the categorization of Vietnamese documents. This paper describes morphological level document representations that are appropriate for Vietnamese text documents and investigates the effectiveness of several standard learning algorithms including Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with four different kernel functions. The results show that it is possible to build effective and efficient classifiers for Vietnamese text categorization using our representations and the standard algorithms, and demonstrate that the performance can be improved by using infogain for feature selection and using an external dictionary for filtering the vocabulary.
BITtalino: A Biosignal Acquisition System based on the Arduino

Our work presents a low-cost biosignal acquisition system, BITalino, based on the Arduino hardware platform; both the hardware and software components are detailed, together with experimental evaluation. This system was designed to be integrated in a biometric platform based on Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals, that will be used for identity recognition. The experimental evaluation revealed that this system is not only capable of ECG signal acquisition, for biometric purposes, but it can also be used as a generic platform for other biomedical applications, greatly extending its applicability. In this paper we describe the proposed platform, with special emphasis on the design principles and functionality. Future work will focus on further developing our hardware, targeting its integration in a prototype system for ECG-based biometric recognition.
Effects of tidal forces on the beam energy in LEP

The e/sup +/e/sup -/ collider LEP is used to investigate the Z particle and to measure its energy and width. This requires energy calibrations with /spl sim/20 ppm precision achieved by measuring the frequency of a resonance which destroys the transverse beam polarization established by synchrotron radiation. To make this calibration valid over a longer period all effects causing an energy change have to be corrected for. Among those are the terrestrial tides due to the Moon and Sun. They move the Earth surface up and down by as much as /spl sim/0.25 m which represents a relative local change of the Earth radius of 0.04 ppm. This motion has also lateral components resulting in a change of the LEP circumference (C/sub c/=26.7 km) by a similar relative amount. Since the length of the beam orbit is fixed by the constant RF-frequency the change of the machine circumference will force the beam to go off-center through the quadrupoles and receive an extra, deflection leading to an energy change given by /spl Delta/C/sub cC/sub cspl sim/-(/spl alphasub cspl Deltasub c/E/E. With the momentum compaction /spl alphasub c/=1.85 10/sup -4/ for the present LEP optics this gives tide-driven p.t. p. Energy excursion up to about 220 ppm, corresponding to /spl sim/18.5 MeV for the Z energy. A beam energy measurement carried out over a 24 hour period perfectly confirmed the effects expected from a more detailed calculation of the tides. A corresponding correction can be applied to energy calibrations. <<ETX>>
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Increases Baroreflex Gain and Peak Expiratory Flow

Objective We evaluated heart rate variability biofeedback as a method for increasing vagal baroreflex gain and improving pulmonary function among 54 healthy adults. Methods We compared 10 sessions of biofeedback training with an uninstructed control. Cognitive and physiological effects were measured in four of the sessions. Results We found acute increases in low-frequency and total spectrum heart rate variability, and in vagal baroreflex gain, correlated with slow breathing during biofeedback periods. Increased baseline baroreflex gain also occurred across sessions in the biofeedback group, independent of respiratory changes, and peak expiratory flow increased in this group, independently of cardiovascular changes. Biofeedback was accompanied by fewer adverse relaxation side effects than the control condition. Conclusions Heart rate variability biofeedback had strong long-term influences on resting baroreflex gain and pulmonary function. It should be examined as a method for treating cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. Also, this study demonstrates neuroplasticity of the baroreflex.
Differential Effect of IL-27 on Developing versus Committed Th17 Cells1

IL-27 counters the effect of TGF-β+IL-6 on naive CD4+ T cells, resulting in near complete inhibition of de novo Th17 development. In contrast, little is known about the effect of IL-27 on already differentiated Th17 cells. A better understanding of how IL-27 regulates these cells is needed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of IL-27 in Th17 cells-associated diseases. In this study, we show that IL-27 had surprisingly little effect on committed Th17 cells, despite its expression of a functional IL-27R. Contrary to de novo differentiation of Th17 cells, IL-27 did not suppress expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt or RORα in committed Th17 cells. Consistent with this finding, the frequency of committed Th17 cells and their cytokine secretion remained unaffected by IL-27. Both memory Th17 cells (CD4+CD25−CD62Llow) that developed in vivo and encephalitogenic Th17 cells infiltrating the CNS of mice developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis produced similar amounts of IL-17A when reactivated with IL-23 in the absence and presence of exogenous IL-27. Finally, IL-27 failed to suppress encephalitogenicity of Th17 cells in an adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Analysis ex vivo of transferred Th17 cells in the spleen and CNS of recipient mice showed that cells retained similar phenotype irrespective of whether cells were treated or not with IL-27. Our data demonstrate that in contrast to inhibition of de novo differentiation of Th17 cells, IL-27 has little or no effect on committed Th17 cells. These findings indicate that therapeutic applications of IL-27 might have a limited efficacy in inflammatory conditions where aggressive Th17 responses have already developed.
HSP90 inhibitor, DMAG, synergizes with radiation of lung cancer cells by interfering with base excision and ATM-mediated DNA repair

Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) leads to inappropriate processing of proteins involved in cell survival pathways. We found that HSP90 inhibitor, 17-(dimethylaminoethylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (DMAG), is synergistic with radiation for non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, NCI-H460 and A549. To establish the optimal schedule for this combination, cells were radiated before, after, or simultaneously with DMAG, and survival was scored by clonogenic assay. The sequence of DMAG administration was critical for synergy with radiation, and pretreatment for 16 h led to maximal synergy. Similar radiosensitization was observed in isogenic cells in which expression of wild-type p53 was silenced by RNA interference, although p53 loss rendered cells overall less radiosensitive. The mechanistic basis for synergy was studied by Western blotting, cell cycle analysis, alkaline comet assay, and direct measurement of the activities of key base excision repair enzymes. Regardless of schedule of administration, DMAG led to degradation of proteins involved in activation of cell survival pathways after radiation, which did not explain the differences in the schedule of administration observed in clonogenic assays. In addition to previously reported decrease in activation of ATM, pretreatment with DMAG blocked activation of base excision repair machinery and activity of key enzymes, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease, and DNA polymerase-β. Similarly, pretreatment with specific apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease inhibitor, CRT0044876, reproduced the effects of DMAG. Thus, administration of HSP90 inhibitors before radiation is critical for optimizing their use as radiosensitizers. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(7):1985–92]
Computational Approaches for Predicting Biomedical Research Collaborations

Biomedical research is increasingly collaborative, and successful collaborations often produce high impact work. Computational approaches can be developed for automatically predicting biomedical research collaborations. Previous works of collaboration prediction mainly explored the topological structures of research collaboration networks, leaving out rich semantic information from the publications themselves. In this paper, we propose supervised machine learning approaches to predict research collaborations in the biomedical field. We explored both the semantic features extracted from author research interest profile and the author network topological features. We found that the most informative semantic features for author collaborations are related to research interest, including similarity of out-citing citations, similarity of abstracts. Of the four supervised machine learning models (naïve Bayes, naïve Bayes multinomial, SVMs, and logistic regression), the best performing model is logistic regression with an ROC ranging from 0.766 to 0.980 on different datasets. To our knowledge we are the first to study in depth how research interest and productivities can be used for collaboration prediction. Our approach is computationally efficient, scalable and yet simple to implement. The datasets of this study are available at https://github.com/qingzhanggithub/medline-collaboration-datasets.