Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2x3 Optical Moderator Based on Planar Waveguide Device for Ftth Application

In this paper, we present the design of 2x3 optical moderator based on waveguide with SU-8 polymer material. The technology ensures low cost fabrication and excellent performance as compared to conventional technique that uses fused coupler for optical splitter fabrication. The optical moderator is suggested to be used in passive customer access network FTTH-PON to variety the signals send to the premises. It is the first time reported. The problems arose such as the loss of output power is also discussed. The simulation result shows that various factors; namely the width of waveguide, refractive index and wide-angle branching will increase the output power loss. To obtain maximum power, the optimization of those parameters’ value must be used. This designed optical splitter is operated at wavelength 1500 nm – 1600 nm. In this study, we characterized the trend of total output power with the effect of the parameters studied.
Graph theoretical analysis of developmental patterns of the white matter network

Understanding the development of human brain organization is critical for gaining insight into how the enhancement of cognitive processes is related to the fine-tuning of the brain network. However, the developmental trajectory of the large-scale white matter (WM) network is not fully understood. Here, using graph theory, we examine developmental changes in the organization of WM networks in 180 typically-developing participants. WM networks were constructed using whole brain tractography and 78 cortical regions of interest were extracted from each participant. The subjects were first divided into 5 equal sample size (n = 36) groups (early childhood: 6.0–9.7 years; late childhood: 9.8–12.7 years; adolescence: 12.9–17.5 years; young adult: 17.6–21.8 years; adult: 21.9–29.6 years). Most prominent changes in the topological properties of developing brain networks occur at late childhood and adolescence. During late childhood period, the structural brain network showed significant increase in the global efficiency but decrease in modularity, suggesting a shift of topological organization toward a more randomized configuration. However, while preserving most topological features, there was a significant increase in the local efficiency at adolescence, suggesting the dynamic process of rewiring and rebalancing brain connections at different growth stages. In addition, several pivotal hubs were identified that are vital for the global coordination of information flow over the whole brain network across all age groups. Significant increases of nodal efficiency were present in several regions such as precuneus at late childhood. Finally, a stable and functionally/anatomically related modular organization was identified throughout the development of the WM network. This study used network analysis to elucidate the topological changes in brain maturation, paving the way for developing novel methods for analyzing disrupted brain connectivity in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Validity of the lower extremity functional movement screen in patients with chronic ankle instability

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to provide evidence of construct validity for the lower extremity functional movement screen (LE-FMS) based on hypothesis testing in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). [Subjects] The subjects were 20 healthy subjects and 20 patients with CAI who had a history of ankle sprain with pain for more than 1 day. [Methods] All participants were measured using the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) and evaluated with the LE-FMS. The screen included the deep squat, the hurdle step (HS) and the in-line lunge (ILL). The symmetry ratios (RS) were accurately measured during the deep squat trial. [Results] Between the two groups, there were significant differences in scores on the LE-FMS, HS, ILL, RS, FADI, and FADI-sport. The FADI was strongly correlated with both LE-FMS score (r=0.807) and ILL score (r=0.896). There was a strong relationship (r=0.818) between LE-FMS score and FADI-sport. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the LE-FMS may be used to detect deficits related to CAI. Additionally, this instrument is reliable in detecting functional limitations in patients with CAI.
Extremely large nonsaturating magnetoresistance and ultrahigh mobility due to topological surface states in the metallic Bi 2 Te 3 topological insulator

Weak antilocalization (WAL) effects in Bi2Te3 single crystals have been investigated at high and low bulk charge carrier concentrations. At low charge carrier density the WAL curves scale with the normal component of the magnetic field, demonstrating the dominance of topological surface states in magnetoconductivity. At high charge carrier density the WAL curves scale with neither the applied field nor its normal component, implying a mixture of bulk and surface conduction. WAL due to topological surface states shows no dependence on the nature (electrons or holes) of the bulk charge carriers. The observations of an extremely large, non-saturating magnetoresistance, and ultrahigh mobility in the samples with lower carrier density further support the presence of surface states. The physical parameters characterizing the WAL effects are calculated using the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka formula. At high charge carrier concentrations, there is a greater number of conduction channels and a decrease in the phase coherence length compared to low charge carrier concentrations. The extremely large magnetoresistance and high mobility of topological insulators have great technological value and can be exploited in magneto-electric sensors and memory devices.
User context as a source of topic retrieval in Twitter

Context in a web-based social system can be a valuable source of user information. On Twitter, context can be derived from user interactions, content streams and friendship. In this paper we focus on extracting user context by means of conversation patterns and user-generated twitter lists. We present a novel approach which utilizes just the context to extract twitter users’ topics of interest. Our approach achieved a precision of 84% indicating that user context can be exploited for topic information.
Cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography versus Bishop score to predict successful labour induction in term pregnancies

Objectives: To compare the value of transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of the cervical length versus the Bishop score, prior to induction of labour, in predicting the mode of delivery within four days. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study included 110 women (at term, singleton, vertex presentation) in whom induction of labour was performed at 37-42 weeks of gestation. Cervical length on transvaginal ultrasound and the Bishop score were assessed prior to induction according to standard protocol. Medical records were reviewed for relevant demographic and clinical data. Primary outcome criterion was successful vaginal delivery within 96 h. Univariate analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine differences between variables possibly predicting outcome. Results: Of the 110 women 66 were nulliparous and 44 multiparous. Vaginal delivery within 96 h was successful in 48 (73%) nulliparous and in 40 (91%) multiparous women ( i.e. in 80% of the total population). The overall rate of caesarean delivery was 17%. There was a significant difference between nulliparous and multiparous women in age, cervical length (mean in mm in nulliparous women: 29.31, range: 5.00-56.00; in multiparous women: 37.04, range: 12.00-56.00), Bishop score and successful induction, but no significant difference between these subgroups in neonatal outcomes. Only the Bishop score in nulliparous women showed a significant relationship between this variable and predicting successful labour induction (area under the ROC curve 0.679; standard error 0.73; p < 0.05; 95% CI: 0.536-0.823). The best cut-off value for the Bishop score was 3, with a sensitivity of 56.3% and a specificity of 72.2%. Conclusion: In this study group significant independent prediction of vaginal delivery within 96 h is provided by the Bishop score but only in nulliparous women. Transvaginal ultrasonographic measurement of cervical length is not a significant independent predictor of vaginal delivery within 96 h.
A network processor architecture for very high speed line interfaces

A network processor architecture that can be used for very high speed line interfaces of carrier-class backbone routers and switches has been developed. The architecture is based on large-scale on-chip multi-processing using static resource scheduling to meet the requirements so that multi-processing works efficiently in packet forwarding. Since advanced queuing and packet scheduling mechanisms are implemented as a software routine without the need for any special hardware components, the architecture provides a flexible QoS control mechanism as well as flexible header handling. The architecture sevaluated by using a prototype hardware design and two typical application examples: IP packet forwarding and ATM/IP multi-layer switching with per-VC/per-flow queuing mechanism. These evaluations show that the architecture can provide various advanced functions for 2.4 Gbps line interfaces even in a common 0.25 m standard cell based LSI design. It can also provide 10 Gbps packet forwarding for basic IP packet handling.
Integrating Competencies in IT outsourcing projects – a study of knowledge boundaries and their reproduction

Organizational tasks are increasingly carried out in interorganizational and cross functional settings, requiring the integration of competencies across organizational, functional and other boundaries. In the current paper we develop and illustrate a model of knowledge integration in interorganizational temporal collaborative settings. We argue, that knowledge integration, viewed as the extent to which relevant actors’ knowledge is integrated in the pursuit of a common task, may be understood as conditioned by three aspects: 1) the actors’ language and appreciative frameworks, 2) the actors’ view of the task and their role in it and 3) the way in which actors conceived of the social situation. The framework is illustrated and elaborated on through a qualitative case study of the transition phase in an IT outsourcing project. We show how the different aspects of the framework and the dynamic interplay between them create a situation that impedes rather then support knowledge integration in the studied case.
Extreme frequencies of the αs1-casein “null” variant in milk from Norwegian dairy goats— implications for milk composition, micellar size and renneting properties

Caprine αs1-casein polymorphism is one of the key factors which determines important technological properties of milk, such as rennetability and cheese yield. The indigenous Norwegian goat breed is characterized by a remarkably high frequency (>70%) of a “null” variant of αs1-casein unique to this population. This mutation, referred to as the exon 12 D allele, involves a single base deletion in exon 12 of the αs1-casein gene. The aim of this study was to provide more detailed information on how αs1-casein polymorphism affects composition and rennet coagulation properties of milk from Norwegian dairy goats. Class of αs1-casein significantly affected milk composition; crude protein, casein and pH. The mean casein micelle size was larger in milks containing αs1-casein “null” variant when compared to “strong” milks; in contrast, the heat-induced changes in micelle size appeared to be least pronounced in this group. Compositional differences between “strong” and “null” milks may explain these differences. αs1-Casein class had a significant effect on gel strength recorded 30 min after the addition of rennet, with the “strong” milks giving the greatest firmness. However, a considerable fraction of the milk samples in this study were unable to form a strong clot, regardless of the αs1-casein variant. These results indicate that environmental and compositional factors not considered in this study may be important in the curd formation process. 摘要山羊αs1-酪蛋白遗传多态性是决定乳重要技术特性(如凝乳特性和干酪产量) 的重要因素之一。 来自本土挪威山羊品种的乳非常独特、 这个群体中αs1-酪蛋白“零” 型变异体出现的频率高达70% 以上。 参照第12 外显子D 等位基因、 这个突变体涉及到第12 外显子中单个碱基的缺失。 本研究目的在于提供、 关于αs1-酪蛋白遗传多态性对挪威乳山羊乳组成和凝乳特性影响更为详尽的信息。 αs1-酪蛋白的类型显著影响着乳组成、 粗蛋白、 酪蛋白和 pH。 与含有αs1-酪蛋白“强”型变异体的乳相比、 含“零”型变异体的乳、 形成的酪蛋白胶束的平均直径更大、 且由热诱导对胶束尺寸的影响更小。 包含“强” 型和“零” 型变异体的乳组成的差异可以解释上述区别。 αs1-酪蛋白类型对在加入凝乳酶30 分钟后的胶强度具有显著的影响。 含有“强” 型变异体的乳具有最大的硬度。 然而、 本研究中、 无论含有何种αs1-酪蛋白变异体类型、 乳样中相当大比例不能形成强的凝块。 这些结果表明本研究中没有考虑的环境和组成因素、 可能对凝块的形成过程起到重要作用。
Fast JPEG Color Space Conversion on Shared Memory

With the increasing popularity of multimedia devices and applications, JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) images have been being used in almost all kinds of digital devices. In JPEG compression, color space conversion has become a very important role in the image acquisition, display and the transmission of the color information. This paper experiments the performance of JPEG color space conversion on shared memory; for this purpose, we utilize OpenMP shared programming language and a RGB image is transformed into a luminance-chrominance color space such as YCbCr. The implementation results show 2 times of performance improvements on the processing speed compared with the serial implementation.
Microtubule-associated proteins and in vitro astrocyte differentiation

Primary cultures of mouse brain astrocytes have been used to identify the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) present in this cell type at different stages of in vitro differentiation. The MAPs of the astrocyte have been identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunological detection. Two antisera were raised against two brain MAPs, tau and MAP-2. These antisera were also used to label the microtubular network in the intact astrocytes at different stages of the culture. The mature astrocyte contains a variety of MAP-like proteins. Anti-MAP-2 serum detected several proteins of high molecular weight (380,000, 260,000, 205,000 and 165,000 mol wt) and one microheterogeneous peak of 83,000 mol wt. Anti-tau also detected high molecular weight components (380,000 to approximately 200,000 mol wt) but not the 165,000-mol-wt peak; in addition two microheterogeneous peaks of 83,000 and 62,000 mol wt were detected by the anti-tau serum. The 62,000-mol-wt peak was therefore detected only by the anti-tau serum whereas the 83,000-mol-wt component cross-reacted with both antisera. At early stages of the culture the immature cell contained about two times less immunoreactive material than at mature stages. Qualitative changes of the high molecular weight components were also observed. In the intact cell both antisera revealed a dense fibrous network. At early stages of the culture the astroblasts were stained by the antisera but the reaction was very diffuse in the cytoplasm; few fibrous cells were intensively stained. Morphological differentiation, which began after serum deprivation and which was accelerated by forskolin (a drug that induces cyclic AMP accumulation), led to high labeling of both the cell body and the cellular processes. In the presence of colchicine the staining regressed, the processes shortened, and the cell returned to a less-apparently differentiated state.
THE RISK OF POLYSPERMY IN THREE CONGENERIC SEA URCHINS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR GAMETIC INCOMPATIBILITY AND REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION

Abstract Developmental failure caused by excess sperm (polyspermy) is thought to be an important mechanism driving the evolution of gamete-recognition proteins, reproductive isolation, and speciation in marine organisms. However, these theories assume that there is heritable variation in the susceptibility to polyspermy and that this variation is related to the overall affinity between sperm and eggs. These assumptions have not been critically examined. We investigated the relationship between ease of fertilization and susceptibility to polyspermy within and among three congeneric sea urchins. The results from laboratory studies indicate that, both within and among species, individuals and species that produce eggs capable of fertilization at relatively low sperm concentrations are more susceptible to polyspermy, whereas individuals and species producing eggs that require higher concentrations of sperm to be fertilized are more resistant to polyspermy. This relationship sets the stage for selection on gamete traits that depend on sperm availability and for sexual conflict that can influence the evolution of gamete-recognition proteins and eventually lead to reproductive isolation.
Comments on “ Geodesic Saliency of Watershed Contours and Hierarchical Segmentation ”

In a recent paper on morphological image segmentation [1], Najman and Schmitt introduce the powerful concept of edge dynamics. In this communication, we show that the method that they propose to compute the edge dynamics gives erroneous results for certain spatial configurations, and we propose a new algorithm which always yields correct edge dynamics.
Video Surveillance Traffic Analysis Using Scene Geometry

We present a system to perform video analysis in the context of traffic surveillance’s application. A training step is performed to estimate the scene’s geometry and global information about the motion that occurs in the scene. Lanes boundaries, depth and motion information given by the initialization step are used to assist the vehicles’ segmentation and to correct eventual errors.
[Diagnostic mistakes in post-traumatic stress disorder. The problem of symptom overlap with depression].

OBJECTIVES The overlap between symptoms of PTSD and MDD is substantial. PTSD symptoms arise after a traumatic experience and the trauma is present in all of the diagnostic clusters. In individuals who have experienced a trauma a long time before, it is difficult to establish the exact moment of onset of their symptoms in relation to the trauma suffered. We proposed to raise awareness among operators who may encounter this problem, with the aim of providing them with valuable help in order to achieve a correct differential diagnosis. METHODS A sample of subjects suffering from PTSD without comorbidity was assessed to confirm the diagnosis and the severity of post-traumatic symptoms. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare any modifications in the parameters analyzed through the Davidson Trauma Scale with the presence and severity of depressive symptoms as evaluated by the Hamilton-D scale. RESULTS Half of the PSTD patients recruited showed values of HAM-D > 18, although an active Major Depressive Episode was clinically excluded. Symptom of "numbing", despite being different from the apathy experienced in depression, is identified as a depressive symptom by the HAM-D. CONCLUSIONS Giving prevalence to depressive symptoms may be misleading for diagnosis and may ultimately result in inappropriate treatment.
Recent high‐latitude icy mantle in the northern plains of Mars: Characteristics and ages of emplacement

Martian high‐latitude zones are covered with a smooth, layered ice‐rich mantle containing characteristic polygonal patterns. The mantle is especially uniform and homogeneous in the northern plains. We performed a survey of decameter‐scale mantle textures and circular features, including impact craters, in the northern lowlands down to 50°N latitude. Strongly altered and mantled craters of impact and non‐impact origin form a population of subtle circular features below the mantle. Pits of non‐impact origin are numerous in some regions at lower latitudes. Impact craters superposed on the mantle are small and very sparse. The inferred mean crater retention age of the mantle is ∼0.1 Ma. The spatial distribution of young craters suggests an age difference between the highest latitudes (younger) and some lower‐latitude regions (older). Latitudinal trends in polygon textures agree with impact crater evidence for a latitudinal age progression of mantle properties.
Recognizing Textual Entailment with LCC’s G ROUNDHOG System

We introduce a new system for recognizing textual entailment (known as G ROUNDHOG ) which utilizes a classiﬁcation-based approach to combine lexico-semantic information derived from text processing applications with a large collection of paraphrases acquired automatically from the WWW. Trained on 200,000 examples of textual entailment extracted from newswire corpora, our system managed to classify more than 75% of the pairs in the 2006 PASCAL RTE Test Set correctly.
Emotion Recognition From Malayalam Words Using Artificial Neural Networks

Abstract-This paper deals with a novel feature extraction method based on Linear Predictive Coefficients (LPC) and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) for the emotion recognition from speech. Classification and recognition of feature is done by using Artificial Neural Network. Malayalam (one of the south Indian languages) words were used for the experiment. One hundred and twenty samples are collected, categorized, labeled and stored in a database. By analyzing the results from the experiment the system can understand the different emotions. A recognition accuracy of 79% is achieved from the experiment. I.INTRODUCTION Automatic Emotional Recognition (AER) from speech is one of the interesting areas in human computer interaction and speech signal processing. By examining the real- time emotions in speech we can easily find out how changes in our mental state affect our physical bodies. Automatic Emotion Recognition by speech simply means to monitor and identify the emotional or physiological state of an individual from their utterances [1]. Real-time emotion recognition has been a research area for the last two decades. From a speech signal we can extract some pieces of information about the emotions . When a word is uttered, it can have different emotions according to the manner in which that word is uttered. To focus on emotions in speech we have to extract several parameters. Prosodic parameters such as pitch, intensity, and duration are the main parameters that have been using in emotion based studies from speech. Pitch, refers to the fundamental frequency f0 and is the rate of vocal chord vibration, is a very sensitive parameter mainly used for emotion recognition. Timing, voice quality and formant analysis are also important features for emotional studies. If a system can react to a user in accordance with the users emotional changes, the man-machine interface would be more interesting and friendly [4]. Emotion recognition systems find applications in spoken dialogue systems, security applications, medical interests, robotics and forensics.
Real Time Road Lane Markers Detection for Intelligent Vehicles

Road Lanes detection systems are expected to improve driver safety on the roads. However, lane detection is a difficult problem because of the variation of road conditions that can encounter the driver. In this paper, we present a hardware implementation of a road lanes detection system. The hardware implementation results are compared with software simulations in order to prove that the proposed system is robust, in terms of both timing and accuracy. The architecture is implemented on Xilinx Virtex5 FPGA device.