Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subspace search and visualization to make sense of alternative clusterings in high-dimensional data

In explorative data analysis, the data under consideration often resides in a high-dimensional (HD) data space. Currently many methods are available to analyze this type of data. So far, proposed automatic approaches include dimensionality reduction and cluster analysis, whereby visual-interactive methods aim to provide effective visual mappings to show, relate, and navigate HD data. Furthermore, almost all of these methods conduct the analysis from a singular perspective, meaning that they consider the data in either the original HD data space, or a reduced version thereof. Additionally, HD data spaces often consist of combined features that measure different properties, in which case the particular relationships between the various properties may not be clear to the analysts a priori since it can only be revealed if appropriate feature combinations (subspaces) of the data are taken into consideration. Considering just a single subspace is, however, often not sufficient since different subspaces may show complementary, conjointly, or contradicting relations between data items. Useful information may consequently remain embedded in sets of subspaces of a given HD input data space. Relying on the notion of subspaces, we propose a novel method for the visual analysis of HD data in which we employ an interestingness-guided subspace search algorithm to detect a candidate set of subspaces. Based on appropriately defined subspace similarity functions, we visualize the subspaces and provide navigation facilities to interactively explore large sets of subspaces. Our approach allows users to effectively compare and relate subspaces with respect to involved dimensions and clusters of objects. We apply our approach to synthetic and real data sets. We thereby demonstrate its support for understanding HD data from different perspectives, effectively yielding a more complete view on HD data.
The Arabidopsis Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 20 (MKKK20) Acts Upstream of MKK3 and MPK18 in Two Separate Signaling Pathways Involved in Root Microtubule Functions

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling networks represent important means of signal transduction in plants and other eukaryotes, controlling intracellular signaling by linking perception of environmental or developmental cues to downstream targets. In the Arabidopsis MEKK subfamily, the MKKK19, 20, and 21 form a highly supported clade with the Solanaceous Fertilization-Related Kinases. In Arabidopsis, little is known about this group, except for MKKK20, which is involved in osmotic stress. Using a directed MKKK-MKK yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screen, MKKK20 was found to interact only with MKK3, while a MKKK20 large-scale Y2H screen retrieved MPK18 as a direct interactant. In vitro phosphorylation assays showed that MKKK20 phosphorylates both MKK3 and MPK18. However, when all three kinases are combined, no synergistic effect is observed on MPK18 phosphorylation, suggesting a direct access to MPK18, consistent with the absence of interaction between MKK3 and MPK18 in protein–protein interaction assays. Since mpk18 mutant plants were previously shown to be defective in microtubule-related functions, phenotypes of mkkk20 single and mkkk20/mpk18 double mutants were investigated to determine if MKKK20 acts upstream of MPK18. This was the case, as mkkk20 root length was shorter than WT in media containing microtubule-disrupting drugs as previously observed for mpk18 plants. Surprisingly, mkk3 plants were also similarly affected, suggesting the presence of two non-complementary pathways involved in Arabidopsis cortical microtubule function, the first including MKKK20, MKK3 and an unknown MPK; the second, a non-canonical MAPK cascade made of MKKK20 and MPK18 that bypasses the need for an MKK intermediate.
Foundations of evidence-based social work practice

OVERVIEW, DEFINITIONS, PRACTICE GUIDELINES, AND CRITICAL ISSUES 1. Designing, Searching For, Finding, and Implementing Practice-Based Research and Evidence-Based Studies 2. The Evidence For and Against Evidence-Based Practice 3. What is Evidence-Based Practice? 4. A Practical Approach to Formulating Evidence-Based Questions in Social Work 5. Implementing Best Practice and Expert Consensus Procedures 6. Overview of Evidence-Based Practices 7. Implementation of Practice Guidelines and Evidence-Based Treatment: A Survey of Psychiatrists, Psychologists, and Social Workers 8. Concise Standards for Developing Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines 9. Will the Real Evidence-Based Practice Please Stand Up? Teaching the Process of Evidence-Based Practice to the Helping Professions 10. Health Care Evidence-Based Practice: A Product of Political and Cultural Times 11. Building a Common Language in Mental Health Care Delivery 12. Facilitating Practitioner Use of Evidence-Based Practice 13. Developing a Systematic Evidence-Based Search Plan for a Client with Co-Occurring Conditions 14. A Cognitive-Behavioral Approach to Suicide Risk Reduction in Crisis Intervention 15. Task-Centered Practice: An Exemplar to Evidence-Based Practice 16. Evidence-Based Practice and Manualized Treatment with Children 17. Evidence-Based Treatment for Traumatized and Abused Children 18. Treating Juvenile Delinquents with Conduct Disorder, ADHD, and Oppositional Defiance Disorder 19. Evidence-Based Treatments for Obssessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Deciding What Treatment Method Works for Whom? 20. The Implications of Controlled Outcome Studies on Planned Short-Term Psychotherapy with Depressive Disorders 21. Evidence-Based Practice with Anxiety Disorders: Guidelines Based on 59 Outcome Studies 22. Psychoeducation as Evidence-Based Practice: Considerations for Practice, Research, and Policy 23. Mental Illness, Substance Dependence, and Suicidality 24. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of Persons with PTSD: An Evidence-Based Approach
LETTER TO THE EDITOR: U(1) × U(1) × U(1) symmetry of the Kimura 3ST model and phylogenetic branching processes

An analysis of the Kimura 3ST model of DNA sequence evolution is given on the basis of its continuous Lie symmetries. The rate matrix commutes with a U(1) × U(1) × U(1) phase subgroup of the group GL(4) of 4 × 4 invertible complex matrices acting on a linear space spanned by the four nucleic acid base letters. The diagonal 'branching operator' representing speciation is defined, and shown to intertwine the U(1) × U(1) × U(1) action. Using the intertwining property, a general formula for the probability density on the leaves of a binary tree under the Kimura model is derived, which is shown to be equivalent to established phylogenetic spectral transform methods.
Learning from media : arguments, analysis, and evidence

Introduction to the Debate: What are the Issues? Chapter 1: Media are "Mere Vehicles": The Opening Argument, Clark, R. E. (1983) Reconsidering research on learning from media. Chapter 2: Research on Learning from Computer-Based Instruction, Clark, R. E. (1985) Confounding in educational computing research. Chapter 3: Questioning the Meta-Analyses of Computer-Based Instruction Research, Clark, R. E. (1985) Evidence for confounding in computer-based instruction studies: Analyzing the meta-analyses. Chapter 4: Why Should We Expect Media to Teach Anyone Anything? , Clark, R. E. & Gavriel Salomon (1986) Media in teaching. Chapter 5: A Ten Year Survey of Learning From Media Studies, Clark, R. E. & Sugrue, B. M. (1988). Research on instructional media, 1978-1988. Chapter 6: A Summary of the Disagreement With the "Mere Vehicles" Argument, Clark, R. E. (February 1991). When researchers swim upstream: Reflections on an unpopular argument about learning from media. Chapter 7: Robert Kozma's Counterpoint Theory of "Learning With Media", Kozma, R. B. (1991). Learning with media. Chapter 8: Kozma's Reframing of the Issues, Kozma, R. B. (1994). Will media influence learning? Reframing the debate. Chapter 9: Gary Morrison Reviews Both Sides of the Debate, Morrison, G. R. (1994). The media effects question: "Unresolvable" or Asking the right question. Chapter 10: Clark's Recent Update of His Argument, Clark, R. E. (1994). Media will never influence learning. Chapter 11: Clark's Reply to Critics in the ECTJ Special Issue Devoted to the Debate, Clark, R. E. (1994). Media and method. Chapter 12: Reframing the Issues: Science-based Technology versus Experience-based Craft, Clark R. E. & Estes, F. (1998) Technology or Craft: What are we doing? Chapter 13: A Call for Science-Based "Authentic Technologies", Clark, R. E. & Estes, F. (1999) The Development of Authentic Educational Technologies, Chapter 14: A Research Agenda: Multi-Media, Cognitive Overload and Learning, Clark, R. E. (1999), Yin and Yang Cognitive Motivational Processes Operating in Multimedia Learning Environments. Chapter 15: Distance Learning and the Media Debate, Clark, R. E. (2000) Evaluating distance education: Strategies and cautions. Chapter 16: Appendix A: Citations of Published and Unpublished Articles on the Debate. Chapter 17: Appendix B: URLs for web sites where the debate is discussed.
Functional Interactions Between the Cannabinoid System and Memory Consolidation in the Hippocampus: A Synthesis of Findings from Behavior, Morphology, Physiology, and Synaptic Signaling in the Rat

The hippocampus is essential for long-term memory storage and consolidation. The dentate gyrus acts as a gateway into the hippocampal formation, specifically with reference to medial and lateral perforant path projections from the entorhinal cortex. The dentate gyrus and the hippocampus contain a high density of cannabinoid receptors and may be a key location in which cannabinoids exert influence to disrupt memory. Administration of a cannabinoid agonist often leads to short-term and long-term memory deficits in a variety of tasks. Cannabinoids can impair memory acquisition, task performance, along with memory consolidation and retrieval mechanisms. Endogenous cannabinoids are retrograde messengers involved in the rapid modulation of synaptic transmission. In the following study the effects of a potent cannabinoid agonist, WIN 55,212-2, on rodent learning and memory in the dentate gyrus were examined using a
Improved Band-to-Band Registration Characterization for VIIRS Reflective Solar Bands Based on Lunar Observations

Spectral bands of the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) satellite are spatially co-registered. The accuracy of the band-to-band registration (BBR) is one of the key spatial parameters that must be characterized. Unlike its predecessor, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), VIIRS has no on-board calibrator specifically designed to perform on-orbit BBR characterization. To circumvent this problem, a BBR characterization method for VIIRS reflective solar bands (RSB) based on regularly-acquired lunar images has been developed. While its results can satisfactorily demonstrate that the long-term stability of the BBR is well within ±0.1 moderate resolution band pixels, undesired seasonal oscillations have been observed in the trending. The oscillations are most obvious between the visible/near-infrared bands and short-/middle wave infrared bands. This paper investigates the oscillations and identifies their cause as the band/spectral dependence of the centroid position and the seasonal rotation of the lunar images over calibration events. Accordingly, an improved algorithm is proposed to quantify the rotation and compensate for its impact. After the correction, the seasonal oscillation in the resulting BBR is reduced from up to 0.05 moderate resolution band pixels to around 0.01 moderate resolution band pixels. After removing this spurious seasonal oscillation, the BBR, as well as its long-term drift are well determined.
Teratogenic compounds of Veratrum californicum (Durand) X. Cyclopia in rabbits produced by cyclopamine.

Cyclopamine, the compound responsible for cyclopia in sheep upon maternal ingestion of Veratrum californicum, produced cyclopia and related cephalic malformations in rabbits when orally administered with CaCO3 as a stomach-acid buffer to prevent acid-induced conversion to veratramine, a compound devoid of similar teratogenic activity. The insult period was between days 6 and 9 of gestation. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested the conversion of nonbuffered cyclopamine to veratramine under stomach-acid conditions.
Capture-SELEX: Selection of DNA Aptamers for Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Small organic molecules are challenging targets for an aptamer selection using the SELEX technology (SELEX—Systematic Evolution of Ligans by EXponential enrichment). Often they are not suitable for immobilization on solid surfaces, which is a common procedure in known aptamer selection methods. The Capture-SELEX procedure allows the selection of DNA aptamers for solute targets. A special SELEX library was constructed with the aim to immobilize this library on magnetic beads or other surfaces. For this purpose a docking sequence was incorporated into the random region of the library enabling hybridization to a complementary oligo fixed on magnetic beads. Oligonucleotides of the library which exhibit high affinity to the target and a secondary structure fitting to the target are released from the beads for binding to the target during the aptamer selection process. The oligonucleotides of these binding complexes were amplified, purified, and immobilized via the docking sequence to the magnetic beads as the starting point of the following selection round. Based on this Capture-SELEX procedure, the successful DNA aptamer selection for the aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin A as a small molecule target is described.
Teacher assessment and the quest for teacher quality : a handbook

About the Editor/Contributors. Foreword (Marilyn Cochran-Smith). Introduction: The Uncertain Relationship Between Teacher Assessment and Teacher Quality (Mary M. Kennedy). Part One: Assessment of Teacher Candidates. 1 The Use of Portfolios in Preservice Teacher Education: A Critical Appraisal (Ginette DeLandshere, Anthony R. Petrosky). 2 Disposition Assessment: The Science and Psychology of Teacher Selection (Laurie Moses Hines). Part Two: Assessment for Transition into Teaching. 3 Assessment for Learning in Preservice Teacher Education: Performance-Based Assessments (Ruth Chung Wei, Ray L. Pecheone). 4 Licensure Tests: Their Use and Value for Increasing Teacher Quality (Dan Goldhaber). 5 Hiring Decisions (Dane A. Delli). Part Three: Assessment of Practicing Teachers. 6 The Role of Formative Assessments in New Teacher Induction (Peter Youngs, Ben Podgodzinski, Mark Low). 7 Assessing for Teacher Tenure (Gary Sykes, Sarah Winchell). 8 Approaches to Annual Performance Assessment (Mary M. Kennedy). 9 Value-Added: Assessing Teachers' Contributions to Student Achievement (Douglas N. Harris, Daniel F. McCaffrey). 10 The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards: An Investment for the Future (Jillian P. Reese)? 11 Judging Teachers: The Law of Teacher Dismissals (Diana Pullin). Part Four: Broader Assessment Issues. 12 Setting Standards for Teacher Evaluation (Barbara B. Howard , Arlen R. Gullickson). 13 Thinking Systemically About Assessment Practice (Pamela A. Moss). 14 Teacher Quality: An American Educational Dilemma (David K. Cohen). Discussion Questions. Index.
Principles underlying the assessment of ventricular and myocardial work and power capacity.

In differing physiological, pathophysiological and pharmacological conditions the shape and amplitude of any representation of the mechanical state of the heart show considerable variations. In view of the many possible changes in respect of the strength and duration of contraction, it is illusory to think that a single parameter can be used to describe and quantify the state of the heart. This applies to any index, from the concept of the maximum rate of shortening of an unloaded muscle (wmax) [13], the various indices of contractility derived during the isometric or isovolumic contraction phases [10] and to the end-systolic pressure-volume relationships [8,11, 12]. Nevertheless there is still a need for a global quantitative assessment of the mechanical function at the ventricular and myocardial level. In engineering terms, the performance of a pump is expressed as either work or power and, in a broader perspective, in terms of energy turnover and efficiency. Assessment of cardiac function should be made using these parameters, taking into account the physiological basis of muscle contraction. In previous papers we have defined the capacities of the heart for both work and power in terms of the potential work or power available under denned mechanical conditions such as at given preor afterloads [2, 4]. It is possible to take into account all the essential factors affecting work by considering the areas in the pressure-volume or in the stress-length diagram. The areas of concern are those between the diastolic and systolic curves [7]. However, an
Healthcare Information Technology Adoption and Protection Motivation: A Study of Computerized Physicial Order Entry Systems

In this study, considering medical errors causing significant patient safety risk as the major threat perceived by health care providers, we adopt the protection motivation theory (PMT) from health psychology and investigate factors affecting the decision of health care providers to adopt CPOE systems. This research examines the effect of two major PMT variables on the CPOE adoption such as threat appraisal variables (i.e. perceived severity and vulnerability of threat, rewards) and cognitive appraisal variables (i.e. response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response cost). In addition, this study extends the original PMT model by incorporating the internal organizational and environmental factors associated with CPOE systems adoption and examine their effects on its actual adoption. They are organizational size, IT resources, top management support, industry and government regulations, and competitive pressures. A semistructured interview with senior executives at five regional healthcare providers was conducted and a national questionnaire-based field survey with senior healthcare executives will be followed for this research. The potential theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Centrality Analysis for Modified Lattices

We derive new, exact expressions for network centrality vectors associated with classical Watts-Strogatz style "ring plus shortcut" networks. We also derive easy-to-interpret approximations that are highly accurate in the large network limit. The analysis helps us to understand the role of the Katz parameter and the PageRank parameter, to compare linear system and eigenvalue based centrality measures, and to predict the behavior of centrality measures on more complicated networks.
Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing 2013 an Algorithm for Triangulating Multiple 3d Polygons

We present an algorithm for obtaining a triangulation of multiple, non-planar 3D polygons. The output minimizes additive weights, such as the total triangle areas or the total dihedral angles between adjacent triangles. Our algorithm generalizes a classical method for optimally triangulating a single polygon. The key novelty is a mechanism for avoiding non-manifold outputs for two and more input polygons without compromising optimality. For better performance on real-world data, we also propose an approximate solution by feeding the algorithm with a reduced set of triangles. In particular, we demonstrate experimentally that the triangles in the Delaunay tetrahedralization of the polygon vertices offer a reasonable trade off between performance and optimality.
Towards an Optimized Big Data Processing System

Scalable by design to very large computing systems such as grids and clouds, MapReduce is currently a major big data processing paradigm. Nevertheless, existing performance models for MapReduce only comply with specific workloads that process a small fraction of the entire data set, thus failing to assess the capabilities of the MapReduce paradigm under heavy workloads that process exponentially increasing data volumes. The goal of my PhD is to build and analyze a scalable and dynamic big data processing system, including storage (distributed file system), execution engine (MapReduce), and query language (Pig). My contributions for the first two years of PhD research are the following: 1) the design and implementation of a resource management system part of a MapReduce-based processing system for deploying and resizing MapReduce clusters over multicluster systems, 2) the design and implementation of a benchmarking tool for the MapReduce processing system, and 3) the evaluation and modeling of MapReduce using workloads with very large data sets. Furthermore, based on the first two years research, we will optimize the MapReduce system to efficiently process terabytes of data.
Advective Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction: An Analytical Stochastic Model with Implications for Decadal Variability

Abstract Atmospheric variability on timescales of a month or longer is dominated by a small number of large-scale spatial patterns (“teleconnections”), whose time evolution has a significant stochastic component because of weather excitation. One may expect these patterns to play an important role in ocean–atmosphere interaction. On interannual and longer timescales, horizontal advection in the ocean can also play an important role in such interaction. The authors develop a simple one-dimensional stochastic model of the interaction between spatially coherent atmospheric forcing patterns and an advective ocean. The model may be considered a generalization of the zero-dimensional stochastic climate model proposed by Hasselmann. The model equations are simple enough that they can be solved analytically, allowing one to fully explore the parameter space. The authors find that the solutions fall into two regimes: (i) a slow–shallow regime where local damping effects dominate and (ii) a fast–deep regime where n.
A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF AMMONIA IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS ON THE AUTOANALYZER

Biochemical and biological research often involves experiments requiring ammonia determinations. It is often impossible to determine ammonia directly, owing to the presence of interfering substances. Thus the separation of ammonia by steam distillation, aeration, or diffusion are the tedious, tirneconsuming techniques usually employed. The use of the AutoAnalyzer* for ammonia determinations, utilizing dialysis to separate the ammonia from the system under analysis and subsequent colorimetry to determine ammonia, provides an accurate and simple method for handling large numbers of samples. The method most suitable for the colorimetric determination of ammonia was found to be the alkaline phenol-hypochlorite reaction as described in 1944 by Russell,' who found that the sensitivity of the reaction was increased greatly if equivalent amounts of phenol and base were used. An adaptation of the alkaline phenol-hypochlorite reaction to the AutoAnalyzer is the subject of this report.