Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Fast Algorithm for Learning the Overcomplete Image Prior

In this letter, we learned overcomplete filters to model rich priors of nature images. Our approach extends the Gaussian Scale Mixture Fields of Experts (GSM FOE), which is a fast approximate model based on Fields of Experts (FOE). In these previous image prior model, the overcomplete case is not considered because of the heavy computation. We introduce the assumption of quasi-orthogonality to the GSM FOE, which allows us to learn overcomplete filters of nature images fast and efficiently. Simulations show these obtained overcomplete filters have properties similar with those of Fields of Experts', and denoising experiments also show the superiority of our model.
Low Intensity Laser Application in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Phase I Double-Blind Study

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) for the control of pain from temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in a random and double-blind research design. Forty-eight (48) patients presenting temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain were divided into an experimental group (GI) and a placebo group (GII). The sample was submitted to the treatment with infrared laser (780 nm, 70 mW, 10 s, 89.7 J/cm2) applied in continuous mode on the affected temporomandibular region, at one point: inside the external auditive duct toward the retrodiskal region, twice a week, for four weeks. For the control group, two identical probes (one active and one that does not emit radiation) were used unknown by the clinician and the subjects. A tip planned for laser acupuncture was used and connected to the active point of the probe. The parameter evaluated was the intensity of pain after palpation of the condylar lateral pole, pre-auricular region and external auditive duct, according to the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Four evaluations were performed: Ev1 (before laser application), Ev2 (after 4th application), Ev3 (after 8th application) and Ev4 (30 days after the last application). Data were submitted to statistical analysis. The results showed a decrease in the pain level mainly for the active probe. Among the evaluations, the Ev3 exhibited lower sensitivity to palpation. In conclusion, the results show that low intensity laser is an effective therapy for the pain control of subjects with TMD.
Stepping into higher education from the vocational education sector in Australia: student perceptions and experiences

It is not unusual to hear study in the vocational education sector referred to as a ‘stepping stone’ into further studies in the higher education environment. What this pathway entails for those who choose it is not immediately clear however. This article reports on research conducted with a small cohort of students who arrived at an Australian university with advanced standing or credit transfer based on their studies in the vocational sector. A narrative inquiry approach highlights the voices of these participants drawn through stories of their individual experiences of the transition to higher education. Recommendations related to structural and educational change are based on evidence that this vocational ‘stepping stone’ can mean different things to different people.
Cleavage of Substrates with Mismatched Nucleotides by Flap Endonuclease-1

Flap endonuclease-1 (FEN1) is proposed to participate in removal of the initiator RNA of mammalian Okazaki fragments by two pathways. In one pathway, RNase HI removes most of the RNA, leaving a single ribonucleotide adjacent to the DNA. FEN1 removes this ribonucleotide exonucleolytically. In the other pathway, FEN1 removes the entire primer endonucleolytically after displacement of the 5′-end region of the Okazaki fragment. Cleavage would occur beyond the RNA, a short distance into the DNA. The initiator RNA and an adjacent short region of DNA are synthesized by DNA polymerase α/primase. Because the fidelity of DNA polymerase α is lower than that of the DNA polymerases that complete DNA extension, mismatches occur relatively frequently near the 5′-ends of Okazaki fragments. We have examined the ability of FEN1 to repair such errors. Results show that mismatched bases up to 15 nucleotides from the 5′-end of an annealed DNA strand change the pattern of FEN1 cleavage. Instead of removing terminal nucleotides sequentially, FEN1 appears to cleave a portion of the mismatched strand endonucleolytically. We propose that a mismatch destabilizes the helical structure over a nearby area. This allows FEN1 to cleave more efficiently, facilitating removal of the mismatch. If mismatches were not introduced during synthesis of the Okazaki fragment, helical disruption would not occur, nor would unnecessary degradation of the 5′-end of the fragment.
Reading to Learn in CLIL Subjects: Working with content-language

En aquest article es presenta una aproximacio a la lectura i l'escriptura en les arees del curriculum que permet als professors AICLE integrar l'ensenyament de continguts disciplinaris i llengua estrangera. La primera seccio te com a objectiu ajudar els lectors a percebre les dificultats que comporta per als estudiants el llenguatge abstracte de les disciplines. Per aixo, es comenten aspectes linguistics d'un text d'historia AICLE de 1r ESO. A continuacio es descriu un programa dissenyat per treballar la lectura i l'escriptura en les arees del curriculum, Reading to Learn (Llegir per a aprendre), basat en els generes textuals. Aquesta seccio descriu les estrategies per a integrar lectura i escriptura a l'aula. S'ofereixen dos exemples, primer la presentacio que fa una professora de ciencies d'un text de biologia, i despres el resultat del treball amb el text de lectura, plasmat en una exposicio descriptiva cientifica, escrit per un estudiant, en el qual s'aprecia l'aprenentatge tant de contingut com del llenguatge cientific. L'article acaba amb unes reflexions sobre la pedagogia de Llegir per a aprendre de professors que van participar en seminaris de formacio en el marc del projecte europeu Comenius TeL4ELE, i la van implementar a l'aula.
Leydig cell tumour of the ovary localised with Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Androgen-producing ovarian tumours can lead to assessment difficulties because of their small size. We present a case of virilising steroid cell ovarian tumour in a 41-year-old woman localised with Fluorine-18-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18FDG-PET/CT). Although the biochemical evaluation pointed to an ovarian source of androgen, diagnostic attempts to localise the source of hyperandrogenism with transvaginal ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pelvis failed. Additional evaluation with 18FDG-PET/CT showed an increased uptake in the right ovary. A laparoscopic right oophorectomy was performed and histopathology examination revealed a 1.2-cm Leydig cell tumour. The patient showed regression of clinical signs.
Autism spectrum disorders: linking neuropathological findings to treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation

Postmortem studies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals indicate the presence of abnormalities within the peripheral neuropil space (PNS) of cortical minicolumns. The geometrical orientation of inhibitory elements within the PNS suggests using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to up‐regulate their activity. Several rTMS trials in ASD have shown marked improvements in motor symptomatology, attention and perceptual binding.Conclusion: rTMS is the first therapeutic attempt at ASD aimed at correcting some of its core pathology.
Automated and interactive approaches for optimal surface finding based segmentation of medical image data

Optimal surface finding (OSF), a graph-based optimization approach to image segmentation, represents a powerful framework for medical image segmentation and analysis. In many applications, a pre-segmentation is required to enable OSF graph construction. Also, the cost function design is critical for the success of OSF. In this thesis, two issues in the context of OSF segmentation are addressed. First, a robust model-based segmentation method suitable for OSF initialization is introduced. Second, an OSF-based segmentation refinement approach is presented. For segmenting complex anatomical structures (e.g., lungs), a rough initial segmentation is required to apply an OSF-based approach. For this purpose, a novel robust active shape model (RASM) is presented. The RASM matching in combination with OSF is investigated in the context of segmenting lungs with large lung cancer masses in 3D CT scans. The robustness and effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated on 30 lung scans containing 20 normal lungs and 40 diseased lungs where conventional segmentation methods frequently fail to deliver usable results. The developed RASM approach is generally applicable and suitable for large organs/structures. While providing high levels of performance in most cases, OSF-based approaches may fail in a local region in the presence of pathology or other local challenges. A new (generic) interactive refinement approach for correcting local segmentation errors based on the OSF segmentation framework is proposed. Following the
Psychosocial interventions addressing the needs of Black women diagnosed with breast cancer: a review of the current landscape

Poorer health outcomes and lower survival rates have been well documented among African American/Black (Black) women diagnosed with breast cancer. Black women are 41% more likely to die from breast cancer than White women despite a lower incidence rate. Apart from pharmacotherapy, psychosocial interventions are recommended by the Institute of Medicine as standard medical care for breast cancer patients at all phases of treatment. The current review is the first attempt to systematically evaluate the literature on the influence of psychosocial interventions for Black women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Molecular basis of the selective processing of short mRNA substrates by the DcpS mRNA decapping enzyme

Significance In eukoryotes, 3′ to 5′ mRNA degradation is a major pathway to reduce mRNA levels and, thus, an important means to regulate gene expression. Herein, messenger RNA (mRNA) is hydrolyzed from the 3′ end by the exosome complex, producing short capped RNA fragments, which are decapped by DcpS. Our data show that DcpS is only active on mRNA that have undergone prior processing by the exosome. This DcpS selection mechanism is conserved from yeast to humans and is caused by the inability of the enzyme to undergo structural changes that are required for the formation of a catalytically active state around long mRNA transcripts. Our work thus reveals the mechanistic basis that ensures an efficient interplay between DcpS and the exosome. The 5′ messenger RNA (mRNA) cap structure enhances translation and protects the transcript against exonucleolytic degradation. During mRNA turnover, this cap is removed from the mRNA. This decapping step is catalyzed by the Scavenger Decapping Enzyme (DcpS), in case the mRNA has been exonucleolyticly shortened from the 3′ end by the exosome complex. Here, we show that DcpS only processes mRNA fragments that are shorter than three nucleotides in length. Based on a combination of methyl transverse relaxation optimized (TROSY) NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, we established that the DcpS substrate length-sensing mechanism is based on steric clashes between the enzyme and the third nucleotide of a capped mRNA. For longer mRNA substrates, these clashes prevent conformational changes in DcpS that are required for the formation of a catalytically competent active site. Point mutations that enlarge the space for the third nucleotide in the mRNA body enhance the activity of DcpS on longer mRNA species. We find that this mechanism to ensure that the enzyme is not active on translating long mRNAs is conserved from yeast to humans. Finally, we show that the products that the exosome releases after 3′ to 5′ degradation of the mRNA body are indeed short enough to be decapped by DcpS. Our data thus directly confirms the notion that mRNA products of the exosome are direct substrates for DcpS. In summary, we demonstrate a direct relationship between conformational changes and enzyme activity that is exploited to achieve substrate selectivity.
SISTEMAS FAMILIARES DE PRODUCCIÓN DE LECHE EN LA AMAZONÍA ECUATORIANA: 1- UNA APROXIMACIÓN MULTIVARIADA

La evolucion reciente de la cadena de lacteos de Zamora Chinchipe - Ecuador se caracteriza por una contraccion en volumen de leche y numero de proveedores. Sucesivos proyectos de equipamiento y capacitacion rindieron resultados satisfactorios aunque transitorios. Una nueva propuesta destinada a mejorar el desempeno del productor, revertir la tendencia en la recepcion de leche, mejorar su calidad y validar una metodologia que resulte en una respuesta sostenible, fue implementada. Para explicar la variabilidad de los sistemas familiares de produccion de leche, conformar grupos y hacer recomendaciones armonicas con las particularidades de cada grupo, se aplico formulario de diagnostico de fincas. De 42 proveedores que acopian leche en el centro de acopio de Zumbi, Centinela del Condor, 27 respondieron el formulario contentivo de 49 variables cuantitativas. El XLSTAT-Base y el complemento XLSTAT 3DPlot 2.0 de Excel 2007 fue utilizado en el procesamiento de los datos. Un proceso de reduccion de variables destinado a obtener al menos 2 observaciones por variable, distinguio 13 variables. El Analisis Factorial se completo con 2,08 observaciones por variable, un indice Kaiser-Meyer-Olkinde 0,59 y un valor medio de las comunalidades de 0,573.A fin de discriminar diferentes racionalidades economicas del productor y explicar el significado de los factores extraidos: satisfaccion, afinidad al riesgo y determinacion, fueron empleados indicadores cuantitativos de desempeno fisico. Las puntuaciones factoriales de cada proveedor utilizadas para completar el analisis de conglomerados, arrojaron tres grupos con diferentes racionalidades subyacentes, y participacion de 22, 56 y 22 %. El primero integrado por proveedores mas conformistas, arriesgan poco y revelan menor determinacion, designados Conservadores; en el segundo confluyen los mas insatisfechos, aspiran cambios y tienen determinacion, pero temen al riesgo, designados Pragmaticos, y en el tercero convergen los mas arriesgados, aunque necesitados de determinacion, se distinguen como Innovadores, permitiendo diferenciar estrategias de intervencion.
GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRINS—REACTIONS DURING DIAGENESIS

Thegeochemistyof porphyrins attempts to account for the occurrence, abundance and transformation of tetrapyrrole pigments in the natural environment. The topic is generally restricted to the surface of the earth and, for the most part, presumes that the pigments are biogenic. Thus, studies on the geochemistry of porphyrins commonly deal with aspects of the transformation of chlorophylls and related pigments to the tetrapyrroles of ancient rocks. Porphyrins appear to have a particular appeal in geochemical studies because they exhibit a wide variety of degradative reactions and are amenable to sophisticated analysis by instrumental methods of considerable sensitivity. Porphyrins first attracted attention in a geochemical sense about 40 years ago with the comprehensive work of T r e i b ~ . ~ ' ~ ~ A n umber of geochemical reviews were published in recent years, notably those by Dunningz3 and Baker,7 in addition to others of a more general n a t ~ r e . ~ ' The primary purpose of this communication is to extract data from the recent literature of principal interest with respect to specific transformations in the conversion of biogenic and prebiotic porphyrins to the stable pigment complexes of ancient sediments.
Randomized study on adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I high-risk ovarian cancer with evaluation of DNA-ploidy as prognostic instrument

PURPOSE Adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation and chemotherapy at progression was evaluated in 162 patients in a prospective randomized multicenter study. We also evaluated DNA-measurements as an additional prognostic factor. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received adjuvant carboplatin AUC 7 every 28 days for six courses (n = 81) or no adjuvant treatment (n = 81). Eligibility included surgically staged and treated patients with FIGO stage I disease, grade 1 aneuploid or grade 2 or 3 non-clear cell carcinomas or clear cell carcinomas. Disease-free (DFS) and disease-specific (DSS) survival were end-points. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 46 months and progression was observed in 20 patients in the treatment group and 19 in the control group. Estimated five-year DFS and DSS were 70% and 86% in the treatment group and 71% and 85% in the control group. The hazard ratio was 0.98 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.52-1.83) regarding DFS and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.37-2.36) regarding DSS. No significant differences in DFS or DSS could be seen when the log-rank test was stratified for prognostic variables. Therefore, data from both groups were pooled for the analysis of prognostic factors. DNA-ploidy (P = 0.003), extracapsular growth (P = 0.005), tumor rupture (P = 0.04), and WHO histologic grade (P = 0.04) were significant independent prognostic factors for DFS with P < 0.0001 for the model in the multivariate Cox analysis. FIGO substage (P = 0.01), DNA ploidy (P < 0.05), and histologic grade (P = 0.05) were prognostic for DSS with a P-value for the model < 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS Due to the small number of patients the study was inconclusive as regards the question of adjuvant chemotherapy. The survival curves were superimposable, but with wide confidence intervals. DNA-ploidy adds objective independent prognostic information regarding both DFS and DSS in early ovarian cancer.
Efferent projections of the posterior lateral line lobe in gymnotiform fish

The posterior lateral line lobe (PLLL) of gymnotoid fish has efferent projections to two midbrain regions: the nucleus praeeminentialis dorsalis (n.P.d.) and the torus semicircularis dorsalis (T.Sd.). Both ipsilateral and contralateral connections are present; the n.P.d. receives nearly equal input from both sides while the T.Sd. receives a stronger contralateral input. The PLLL projection to n.P.d. merely maps medial PLLL to ventral n.P.d. and lateral PLLL to dorsal n.P.d. , thus preserving the separate topography and relative orientation of the four electrosensory maps found in the PLLL. Only PLLL pyramidal cells (basilar and nonbasilar pyramids) contribute to this projection. The four PLLL electrosensory maps converge onto T.Sd. so that they map the dorsal body surface onto medial T.Sd. and the ventral body surface onto lateral T.Sd. Pyramidal cells, spherical cells, and multipolar cells contribute to this projection.
Engineering of an oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with pectinolytic activity and its effect on wine

A pectinolytic industrial yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was generated containing the S. cerevisiae endopolygalacturonase gene (PGU1) constitutively expressed under the control of the 3-phosphoglycerate kinase gene (PGK1) promoter. The new strain contains DNA derived exclusively from yeast and expresses a high polygalacturonic acid hydrolyzing activity. Yeast transformation was carried out by an integrative process targeting a dispensable upstream region of the acetolactate synthase locus (ILV2), which determines sulfometuron methyl resistance. Microvinification assays were performed on white and red musts with the transformed UCLMS-1M strain and with the same strain untransformed. It was found that the changes in the pectic polysaccharide contents did not directly affect the taste or flavor of the wine. From the data reported, it is deduced that the chief advantage of using the modified strain is that it improves the yield of must/wine extraction, while it also positively affects some variables relating to appearance. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
“Uncovering” Industrial Symbiosis

Since 1989, efforts to understand the nature of interfirm resource sharing in the form of industrial symbiosis and to replicate in a deliberate way what was largely self‐organizing in Kalundborg, Denmark have followed many paths, some with much success and some with very little. This article provides a historical view of the motivations and means for pursuing industrial symbiosis—defined to include physical exchanges of materials, energy, water, and by‐products among diversified clusters of firms. It finds that “uncovering” existing symbioses has led to more sustainable industrial development than attempts to design and build eco‐industrial parks incorporating physical exchanges.
Antiangiogenic nanotherapy with lipase-labile Sn-2 fumagillin prodrug.

BACKGROUND The chemical instability of antiangiogenic fumagillin, combined with its poor retention during intravascular transit, requires an innovative solution for clinical translation. We hypothesized that an Sn-2 lipase-labile fumagillin prodrug, in combination with a contact-facilitated drug delivery mechanism, could be used to address these problems. METHODS α(v)β(3)-targeted and nontargeted nanoparticles with and without fumagillin in the prodrug or native forms were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in the Matrigel™ (BD Biosciences, CA, USA) plug model of angiogenesis in mice. RESULTS In vitro experiments demonstrated that the new fumagillin prodrug decreased viability at least as efficacious as the parent compound, on an equimolar basis. In the Matrigel mouse angiogenesis model, α(v)β(3)-fumagillin prodrug decreased angiogenesis as measured by MRI (3T), while the neovasculature was unaffected with the control nanoparticles. CONCLUSION The present approach resolved the previously intractable problems of drug instability and premature release in transit to target sites.
EXTRACTING DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS FROM BIOMEDICAL TEXT USING A FEATURE-BASED KERNEL APPROACH

Discovering unknown drug interactions is of great importance for healthcare professionals since these interactions can become extremely dangerous and can affect patient’s safety. Since newly discovered drug interactions are reported in scientific papers, developing text mining techniques to automatically extract those interactions from unstructured texts is of great importance. All state-of-the-art systems evaluated on the standard DDIExtraction 2013 challenge corpus didn't exceed the threshold of 70%, which means that developing more powerful systems to manage this task still very important. In this paper we present a new feature-based kernel method to extract and classify drug interactions described in biomedical literature. Like many previous works, our method consists of two steps. First we detect interacting drug pairs, and then we classify each extracted pair into one of four interaction categories. To perform the first step, we have enhanced an existing feature-based system by adding new features, correction patterns, and trigger words. To perform the second step, we have built a new feature-based kernel classifier that exploit the lexical field particularity of each interaction type. This classifier is composed of 4 binary classifiers work sequentially. When evaluated on the DDIExtraction 2013 challenge corpus, our system achieved an F1score of 71.14%, as compared to 69.75% and 68.4% reported by the top two state-of-the-art systems based respectively on Convolutional Neural Networks and graph kernel with context vectors methods.