Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arabidopsis thaliana MIRO1 and MIRO2 GTPases Are Unequally Redundant in Pollen Tube Growth and Fusion of Polar Nuclei during Female Gametogenesis

MIRO GTPases have evolved to regulate mitochondrial trafficking and morphology in eukaryotic organisms. A previous study showed that T-DNA insertion in the Arabidopsis MIRO1 gene is lethal during embryogenesis and affects pollen tube growth and mitochondrial morphology in pollen, whereas T-DNA insertion in MIRO2 does not affect plant development visibly. Phylogenetic analysis of MIRO from plants revealed that MIRO 1 and 2 orthologs in dicots cluster in two separate groups due to a gene/genome duplication event, suggesting that functional redundancy may exists between the two MIRO genes. To investigate this possibility, we generated miro1 (+/−)/miro2-2 (−/−) plants. Compared to miro1 (+/−) plants, the miro1 (+/−)/miro2-2 (−/−) plants showed increased segregation distortion. miro1 (+/−)/miro2-2 (−/−) siliques contained less aborted seeds, but more than 3 times the number of undeveloped ovules. In addition, reciprocal crosses showed that co-transmission through the male gametes was nearly absent, whereas co-transmission through the female gametes was severely reduced in miro1 (+/−)/miro2-2 (−/−) plants. Further investigations revealed that loss of MIRO2 (miro2 (−/−)) function in the miro1 (+/−) background enhanced pollen tube growth defects. In developing miro1 (+/−)/miro2 (−/−) embryo sacs, fusion of polar nuclei was further delayed or impaired compared to miro1 plants. This phenotype has not been reported previously for miro1 plants and coincides with studies showing that defects in some mitochondria-targeted genes results in the same phenotype. Our observations show that loss of function in MIRO2 in a miro1 (+/−) background enhances the miro1 (+/−) phenotype significantly, even though miro2 (−/−) plants alone does not display any phenotypes. Based on these findings, we conclude that MIRO1 and MIRO2 are unequally redundant and that a proportion of the miro1 (+/−)/miro2 (−/−) plants haploid gametes displays the complete null phenotype of MIRO GTPase function at key developmental stages.
A Non-Failing “NeoBlend-Digit” Schooling Free of Conventional Teachers: A Blueprint for a Futuristic Learning Open to Infinity

The practice of Blended learning in schooling for almost two decades has shown limited variations from what conventional education had breached hundreds of years ago. In that, continuing the use of large groups teaching, big chunks of required curriculum for learning and instruction, unified mandatory knowledge for all students, the lack of individual achievement pace, unified daily study schedules, and same backward assessment tools and formalities. Yet, ICTs exert every moment profound remote digital penetrating power into the deep privacy of human anatomy, actions, family and daily lives in what could be called the “Age of digital Information Nudity”. Moreover, resource teachers or students’ counselors are able by a click at a digital curriculum to reveal where learners’ locations are, how many times attempted reading, performing assignments, or what study difficulties they are facing. ICTs have dismantled all the psychological, social, educational and physical boundaries separating peoples, businesses and schooling communities. Students living currently in digital environments have a free will through digital means to decide, plan, in addition, to using types, tools, times and settings for their blended and online learnings, even without the pre-consent of school authorities. Hence, a new form of blended education deems crucial, that is “neoBlend-Digit” Schooling. This new hybrid methodology, when well served by developmental appropriate curriculum design, thoughtful treatment of curriculum content, a systemic implementation framework (diagnostic, formative and summative), and optional multi learning tracks, will lead to open ended learning free of failure, outdated teachers and school personnel, and environmental limitations. Consequently civic citizen students are graduating as literates, professional specialists, and academic pioneers. Realizing as such what the American educator, William Glasser* wished for “Schools without Failure”. In current work however, the long waited dream of Glasser is presented in a concise digital language and concretely accountable educational evidences in field reality.
The Impact of Organizational Learning on Knowledge Transfer and Dynamic Capabilities: An Empirical Study in Chinese High-tech Industries

This study investigates the inter-relationships among organizational learning, knowledge transfer and dynamic capabilities. Based on 175 questionnaires from Chinese high-tech companies, this paper implements a structural equation model to test the research framework and hypotheses. The results show that organizational learning has direct positive impact on knowledge transfer but no direct positive impact on organizational dynamic capabilities. In addition, knowledge transfer plays an intermediary role between organizational learning and dynamic capabilities, and has direct positive impact on organizational dynamic capabilities, which indicates that knowledge transfer activities is very important to Chinese high- tech companies for technological and knowledge management activity under the rapid changing industrial environment.
A review on theoretical studies of various types of Drug-DNA Interaction

A large number of the currently used chemotherapeutic anticancer agents fall into the category of DNA-binding drugs. Study of interactions of various drugs with DNA plays a key role in pharmacology. Due to the potential application of such drugs to cancer and beyond, further discovery and characterization of such compounds are of considerable interest. The combinations of distinct binding modes will improve the stability of recognition and enhance target specificity with respect to both DNA structure as well as sequence. The current review gives an overview of the recently used computational chemical techniques to understand mechanism of drug-DNA interaction. The discussions will provide a theoretical protocol for complementing experimental techniques, generation of database for structure activity/property relationship in drug-DNA complexes. This will be helpful for the improvement of existing drugs, design of new drugs etc.
Enhancing MANET Security Using Secret Public Keys

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) technology spreads widely in these days. It is suitable for environments that need on fly setup. A lot of challenges come with implementing these networks. The most sensitive challenge that MANET faces is the security issue. Traditional Public Key cryptography (PKC) and Identity based Cryptography (IBE) are slow and not suitable for these environments because of the nodes resources limitations. This paper is going to discuss the security of MANET using the PKI schemes in an efficient way. It will define new solution for securing MANET networks using a four keys security scheme. This solution provides a secure way for MANET nodes to authenticate each other and to secure data sent by each other.
Correction for Armstrong and Ball, DNA barcodes for biosecurity: invasive species identification

Correction for ‘DNA barcodes for biosecurity: invasive species identification’ by K. F. Armstrong and S. L. Ball (Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 360, 1813–1823. (doi: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1713)). On page 1819, the final sentence of the paragraph ending four lines from the bottom of the right-hand column was incorrect, and should read as follows: For example, it was possible to place specimens previously identified as ‘B. dorsalis complex’ with reasonable bootstrap support and minimal sequence divergence (see figure 2 in the Electronic Appendix) to a likely species, B. caryeae.
Energy Efficient Directed Region Based Cooperative Communication for Prolonging the Lifetime of Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are self-organizing system consists with tiny, battery powered sensor nodes with limited processing, storage and communication capabilities that are often deployed in very harsh and inaccessible environment in order to gather data about some phenomenon from the outside world. The cluster based architecture is an efficient way for extending the lifetime of a WSN. The message transfer between two cluster head consumes more power than, between a cluster head and an intermediate node, as the distance of communication is greater in former. The power consumption of node can be lowered by passing message through the intermediate nodes i,e. cooperative communication and hence prolonging the network lifetime. The network lifetime can further be enhanced by restricting the area of flooding by a node, to find the next hop. Our proposed method defines the region of flooding depending on the location of the source node and the destination node, in a cluster grid defined network. Flooding in a small area is observed to be far more power economic than flooding in the entire cluster for prolonging the network’s life time. Partitioning the destination cluster grid into different size of sub clusters depending on the location of destination node is more power economic as well as useful for faster communication as compared with existing algorithm that has been further confirmed by the simulation result and by analysis.
Building an Incident Management Body of Knowledge

The CERT Incident Management Body of Knowledge (CIMBOK) was built using a systematic process that starts with a controlled vocabulary and evolves through taxonomies, static ontologies, dynamic ontologies, intentional ontologies, and metamodels. The CIMBOK builds on 10 previous standards for incident management. This paper describes the components of the CIMBOK and how they were constructed.
Locally Sasakian Manifolds

We show that every Sasakian manifold in dimensions 2k + 1 is locally generated by a free real function of 2k variables. This function is a Sasakian analogue of the Kahler potential for the Kahler geometry. It is also shown that every locally Sasakian-Einstein manifold in 2k + 1 dimensions is generated by a locally Kahler-Einstein manifold in dimension 2k.
Faulty stochastic LDPC decoders over the binary symmetric channel

The analysis of error correction decoders running on faulty hardware has attracted an increasing interest in recent years, due to the inherent unreliability of emerging nanodevices. In this paper we investigate the performance of the stochastic decoder running on faulty hardware. To this end, we first introduce two error models to describe the noisy components of the decoder. We then provide a finite-length statistical analysis for each error model and, based on the obtained performance, we conclude that stochastic decoders have an inherent fault tolerant capability.
Introducing Thermal Inertia for Monitoring Snowmelt Processes With Remote Sensing

Thermal inertia has been successfully used in remote sensing applications that span from geology, geomorphology to hydrology. In this paper, we propose the use of thermal inertia for describing snow dynamics. Two different formulations of thermal inertia were tested using experimental and simulated data related to snowpack dynamics. Experimental data were acquired between 2012 and 2017 from an automatic weather station located in the western Italian Alps at 2,160 m. Simulations were obtained using the one‐dimensional multilayer Crocus model. Results provided evidences that snowmelt phases can be recognized, and average snowpack density can be estimated reasonably well from thermal inertia observations (R2 = 0.71; RMSE = 65 kg/m3). The empirical model was also validated with manual snow density measurements (R2 = 0.80; RMSE = 54 kg/m3). This study is the first attempt at the exploitation of thermal inertia for snow monitoring, combining optical and thermal remote sensing data.
Interpersonal Relationships and Adolescent Depression:Roles of Self-esteem and Gender

Objective:To explore the relationship between different types of relationships(opposite-sex peer relation-ships,same-sex peer relationships,parent-child relationships,teacher-student relationship) and depression,and the im-pacts of self-esteem and gender on the relationship were also examined.Methods:A sample of 1614 adolescents complet-ed the interpersonal scale(IRS),the short version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D-13) and theRosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES). Results:1Self-esteem played not only a mediating,but also a moderating role,be-tween the different types of relationships and adolescent depression.2In the mediation model of self-esteem,gender mod-erated the relationship between parent-child relationship and adolescent depression,and the relationship between teacher-student relationships and adolescent depression.Conclusion:Interpersonal relationship exerts direct effects and indirecteffects through self-esteem on depression in adolescents.Further,gender has a moderating effect on this mediating relation-ship.
Multi-Generational Kinship, Multiple Mating, and Flexible Modes of Parental Care in a Breeding Population of the Veery (Catharus fuscescens), a Trans-Hemispheric Migratory Songbird

We discovered variable modes of parental care in a breeding population of color-banded Veeries (Catharus fuscescens), a Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbird, long thought to be socially monogamous, and performed a multi-locus DNA microsatellite analysis to estimate parentage and kinship in a sample of 37 adults and 21 offspring. We detected multiple mating in both sexes, and four modes of parental care that varied in frequency within and between years including multiple male feeders at some nests, and males attending multiple nests in the same season, each with a different female. Unlike other polygynandrous systems, genetic evidence indicates that multi-generational patterns of kinship occur among adult Veeries at our study site, and this was corroborated by the capture of an adult male in 2013 that had been banded as a nestling in 2011 at a nest attended by multiple male feeders. All genotyped adults (n = 37) were related to at least one other bird in the sample at the cousin level or greater (r ≥ 0.125), and 81% were related to at least one other bird at the half-sibling level or greater (r ≥ 0.25, range 0.25–0.60). Although our sample size is small, it appears that the kin structure is maintained by natal philopatry in both sexes, and that Veeries avoid mating with close genetic kin. At nests where all adult feeders were genotyped (n = 9), the male(s) were unrelated to the female (mean r = -0.11 ± 0.15), whereas genetic data suggest close kinship (r = 0.254) between two male co-feeders at the nests of two females in 2011, and among three of four females that were mated to the same polygynous male in 2012. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of polygynandry occurring among multiple generations of close genetic kin on the breeding ground of a Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbird.
Power law decay in model predictability skill

Ocean predictability skill is investigated using a Gulf of Mexico nowcast/forecast model. Power law scaling is found in the mean square error of displacement between drifting buoy and model trajectories (both at 50 m depth). The probability density function of the model valid prediction period (VPP) is asymmetric with a long and broad tail on the higher value side, which suggests long‐term predictability. The calculations demonstrate that the long‐term (extreme long such as 50–60 day) predictability is not an "outlier" and shares the same statistical properties as the short‐term predictions.
Multiplicative noise removing using sparse prior regulization

Multiplicative noise removal problems have attracted much attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new multiplicative noise removal algorithm based on variational method. We use gradient sparse prior regulization to substitute traditional Total Variation (TV) Term. The new sparse regulization we selected is L0 smooth term. We modified the smooth term for the popular multiplicative noise removing methods. These modified methods can fit for different kind of multiplicative noise. For solving the equation, we use split method by introduce auxiliary variables. Using the sparse prior term, our method can also preserve the edges and remove the noise very well. The results show the outperforming effect of our method.
Confidence Measures for Error Discrimination in an Interactive Predictive Parsing Framework

We study the use of Confidence Measures (CM) for erroneous constituent discrimination in an Interactive Predictive Parsing (IPP) framework. The IPP framework allows to build interactive tree annotation systems that can help human correctors in constructing error-free parse trees with little effort (compared to manually post-editing the trees obtained from an automatic parser). We show that CMs can help in detecting erroneous constituents more quickly through all the IPP process. We present two methods for precalculating the confidence threshold (globally and per-interaction), and observe that CMs remain highly discriminant as the IPP process advances.
Human Eye Behaviors Inform Systems Design for Inter-Building Communication

Adaptive sensory environments optimize in real time to consistently improve performance. One optimization method involves communication between buildings to dramatically compound positive effects—but the way these buildings communicate, matters. To design such a communication framework, this chapter uses a biomimetic approach to derive les sons from the human eye and its focusing abilities. With each focusing action, coordina - tion occurs as muscles move to expand and contract the eye’s lens to achieve varying focal distances. And when both eyes focus together, they are able to achieve stereopsis, a field of depth and perception not attainable with only the focus of one eye. By dissecting this collaboration between eye muscle coordination and stereopsis, this chapter uncovers how a communication framework between adaptive sensory environments can create indirect, yet powerful, collective occupant and building behaviors. For example, communicating adaptive sensory environments evoke greener occupant behaviors, which, in turn, bring added benefit to the natural environment. Communication framework aspects include gamification, social media, and augmented reality that blur the boundaries between built-environments in different ways. These “communication bridges” allow buildings to take on new symbiotic relationships with each other to harness and enhance how entire urban areas uplift quality of life.
A dynamic programming approach to maximizing a statistical measure of the lifetime of sensor networks

The inherent many-to-one flow of traffic in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) produces a skewed distribution of energy consumption rates, leading to the early demise of those sensors that are critical to the ability of surviving nodes to communicate their measurements to the base station. Numerous previous approaches aimed at balancing the consumption of energy in wireless networks are either too complex or do not address problems unique to the flow of traffic in WSNs. In this article, we propose the use of a dynamic programming algorithm (DPA), an operational, low-complexity algorithm, used in conjunction with four different route discovery algorithms. We perform complexity analysis, statistical evaluation of changes in power consumption rates effected, and verify spatial redistribution of energy consumption of sensors in the network. Our results on multihop networks of 100 randomly placed nodes show that, on average, the two best performing variants of DPA yield a reduction of up to 28% and 36% in power consumption rate variance at the cost of raising average power consumption by 15% and 21%, respectively. Computational complexities of DPA variants range from O(N3) to O(N4), which is significantly lower than linear search of the solution space of O(N! Ni). Analysis by diffusion plots shows that DPA reduces power consumption of sensors that experience the highest power consumption under the shortest path routes.
Intestinal cholesterol absorption is substantially reduced in mice deficient in both ABCA1 and ACAT2 Published, JLR Papers in Press, September 8, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M500232-JLR200

The process of cholesterol absorption has yet to be completely defined at the molecular level. Because of its ability to esterify cholesterol for packaging into nascent chylomicrons, ACAT2 plays an important role in cholesterol absorption. However, it has been found that cholesterol absorption is not completely inhibited in ACAT2-deficient (ACAT2 KO) mice. Because ABCA1 mRNA expression was increased 3-fold in the small intestine of ACAT2 KO mice, we hypothesized that ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux sustains cholesterol absorption in the absence of ACAT2. To test this hypothesis, cholesterol absorption was measured in mice deficient in both ABCA1 and ACAT2 (DKO). Compared with wild-type, ABCA1 KO, or ACAT2 KO mice, DKO mice displayed the lowest level of cholesterol absorption. The concentrations of hepatic free and esterified cholesterol and gallbladder bile cholesterol were significantly reduced in DKO compared with wild-type and ABCA1 KO mice, although these measures of hepatic cholesterol metabolism were very similar in DKO and ACAT2 KO mice. We conclude that ABCA1, especially in the absence of ACAT2, can have a significant effect on cholesterol absorption, although ACAT2 has a more substantial role in this process than ABCA1.
Optimal privacy-preserving energy management for smart meters

Smart meters, designed for information collection and system monitoring in smart grid, report fine-grained power consumption to utility providers. With these highly accurate profiles of energy usage, however, it is possible to identify consumers' specific activity or behavior patterns, thereby giving rise to serious privacy concerns. In this paper, this concern is addressed by using battery energy storage. Beyond privacy protection, batteries can also be used to cut down the electricity bill. From a holistic perspective, a dynamic optimization framework is designed for consumers to strike a tradeoff between the smart meter data privacy and the electricity bill. In general, a major challenge in solving dynamic optimization problems lies in the need of the knowledge of the future electricity consumption events. By exploring the underlying structure of the original problem, an equivalent problem is derived, which can be solved by using only the current observations. An online control algorithm is then developed to solve the equivalent problem based on the Lyapunov optimization technique. To overcome the difficulty of solving a mixed-integer nonlinear program involved in the online control algorithm, the problem is further decomposed into multiple cases and the closed-form solution to each case is derived accordingly. It is shown that the proposed online control algorithm can optimally control the battery operations to protect the smart meter data privacy and cut down the electricity bill, without the knowledge of the statistics of the time-varying load requirement and the electricity price processes. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through extensive numerical evaluations using real data.
Application of HOHWM for Vibration Analysis of Nanobeams

The higher order Haar wavelet method (HOHWM) introduced recently by workgroup is utilized for vibration analysis of nanobeams. The results obtained are compared with widely used Haar wavelet method. It has been observed that the absolute error has been reduced several magnitudes depending on number of collocation points used and the numerical rate of convergence was improved from two to four. These results are obtained in the case of the simplest higher order approach where expansion parameter k is equal to one. The complexity issues of the HOHWM are discussed.