Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Discrete Supervised Hashing

Hashing has been widely used for large-scale search due to its low storage cost and fast query speed. By using supervised information, supervised hashing can significantly outperform unsupervised hashing. Recently, discrete supervised hashing and feature learning based deep hashing are two representative progresses in supervised hashing. On one hand, hashing is essentially a discrete optimization problem. Hence, utilizing supervised information to directly guide discrete (binary) coding procedure can avoid sub-optimal solution and improve the accuracy. On the other hand, feature learning based deep hashing, which integrates deep feature learning and hash-code learning into an end-to-end architecture, can enhance the feedback between feature learning and hash-code learning. The key in discrete supervised hashing is to adopt supervised information to directly guide the discrete coding procedure in hashing. The key in deep hashing is to adopt the supervised information to directly guide the deep feature learning procedure. However, most deep supervised hashing methods cannot use the supervised information to directly guide both discrete (binary) coding procedure and deep feature learning procedure in the same framework. In this paper, we propose a novel deep hashing method, called deep discrete supervised hashing (DDSH). DDSH is the first deep hashing method which can utilize pairwise supervised information to directly guide both discrete coding procedure and deep feature learning procedure and thus enhance the feedback between these two important procedures. Experiments on four real datasets show that DDSH can outperform other state-of-the-art baselines, including both discrete hashing and deep hashing baselines, for image retrieval.
Demonstration of an association among dietary cholesterol, central serotonergic activity, and social behavior in monkeys.

&NA; Epidemiologic studies link plasma cholesterol reduction to increased mortality rates as a result of suicide, violence, and accidents. Deficient central serotonergic activity is similarly associated with violence and suicidal behavior. We investigated the relationship among dietary and plasma cholesterol, social behavior, and the serotonin system as a possible explanation for these findings. Juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (eight female and nine male) were fed a diet high in fat and either high or low in cholesterol. We then evaluated their behavior over an 8‐month period. Plasma lipids and cerebrospinal fluid metabolites of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine were assessed on two occasions, at 4 and 5.5 months after the initiation of behavioral observations. Animals that consumed a low‐cholesterol diet were more aggressive, less affiliative, and had lower cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid than did their high‐cholesterol counterparts (p < .05 for each). The association among dietary cholesterol, serotonergic activity, and social behavior was consistent with data from other species and experiments and suggested that dietary lipids can influence brain neurochemistry and behavior; this phenomenon could be relevant to our understanding of the increase in suicide and violence‐related death observed in cholesterol‐lowering trials.
Strategizing, Disequilibrium, and Profit

Contents Preface Acknowledgments List of abbreviations List of Charts 1. Introduction Strategizing vs. economizing Outline of chapters 2. Capitalism is not and never can be a stationary system The Schumpeterian schema and dynamic competition vs. a comparative static framework: Structure, Conduct, Performance Applications in a test case: the Flat Panel Display industry 3. Entrepreneurial profits can only be earned in disequilibrium The Knightian theory of profits Strategic opportunities and earning profits in disequilibrium Why Knightian profits vanish at perfectly competitive equilibrium 4. Rents vs. profits as strategizing goals Ricardian and monopoly rents - and their inadequacies as goals for strategizing Organizational, managerial and entrepreneurial rents as illusory goals for firms 5. Strategizing is carried out by resource-based firms The Penrosean firm as vehicle for strategizing Fundamental strategic categories of the firm: Resources, activities and routines Strategic goals associated with resources: complementarities with activities: increasing returns and with routines: learning by doing 6. No firm is an island: Strategizing in networks The firm with its multiple connections Resources, activities and routines at the network level, and strategic goals associated with them 7. The economy as a whole: Entrepreneurial, industrial and evolutionary dynamics The Schumpeterian notion of the economy as a whole, linking strategizing via entrepreneurial dynamics to industrial dynamics and evolutionary dynamics 8. Strategizing in disequilibrium: Comparative static vs. dynamic frameworks The workings of the framework as a totality Generation of an Activities-based view of strategizing, a Resources-based view, and a Routines-based view (or Dynamic capabilities perspective), in both comparative static and dynamic settings 9. Towards a unified theory of management The advantages for management of adopting a consistent disequilibrium framework - not least in developing a platform for the unification of the functional disciplines of management Appendix. Entrepreneurship and economics: A case of shocking neglect References Index
A method for estimating the “position accuracy” of acoustic fish tags

Acoustic tag systems have been used for many years to study the behavior of fish in specific areas of interest. In particular tag systems are being used successfully to study the behavior of downstream migrating salmon smolts (Oncorhynchus spp.) as they approach hydro-electric dams. While field studies have demonstrated the potential for acoustic tag systems, little has been done to quantify their performance. This paper develops a method for predicting the accuracy of the “position estimates” provided by acoustic tag systems. General expressions are developed that can be applied to any particular deployment of a tag system which lead onto a method for the direct calculation of the “position error” as a function of hydrophone geometry, standard deviation of the signal arrival times, and the inaccuracies in the assumed sound velocities. This method is independent of the algorithm used to determine the position solution. Using the methods of analysis developed here some specific examples are presented that provide general guidelines that should be followed to achieve good performance when deploying an acoustic tag system.
Magnitudes of gluteus medius muscle activation during standing hip joint movements in spiral-diagonal patterns using elastic tubing resistance

Abstract The aim of this study was to simultaneously quantify electromyographic (EMG) activation levels (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) within the gluteus medius muscles on both moving and stance limbs across the performance of four proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) spiral-diagonal patterns in standing using resistance provided by elastic tubing. Differential EMG activity was recorded from the gluteus medius muscle of 26 healthy participants. EMG signals were collected with surface electrodes at a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz during three consecutive repetitions of each spiral-diagonal movement pattern. Significant differences existed among the four-spiral-diagonal movement patterns (F3,75 = 19.8; p < 0.001). The diagonal two flexion [D2F] pattern produced significantly more gluteus medius muscle recruitment (50 SD 29.3% MVIC) than any of the other three patterns and the diagonal one extension [D1E] (39 SD 37% MVIC) and diagonal two extension [D2E] (35 SD 29% MVIC) patterns generated more gluteus medius muscle recruitment than diagonal one flexion [D1F] (22 SD 21% MVIC). From a clinical efficiency standpoint, a fitness professional using the spiral-diagonal movement pattern of D2F and elastic tubing with an average peak tension of about 9% body mass may be able to concurrently strengthen the gluteus medius muscle on both stance and moving lower limbs.
Managing customer satisfaction and retention: A case of tourist destinations, Turkey

Focusing on Turkish tourism, this exploratory research set out to provide destination managers and marketers with an analytic insight into how repeat and first-time visitors develop their satisfaction and return intention judgments. The results showed that the first-time and repeat visitor groups develop their return intention and satisfaction based on slightly different aspects of holiday destination. While both the first-time and repeat visitors commonly regard quality of food, quality of accommodation, hospitality and safety as a reason to come back, they consider different additional services to develop their return intentions. The repeat visitors were also found to promise more future business than first-time visitors do. Marketing implications of the study are discussed.
Altruistic Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Context, Disposition, and Age

Abstract The authors proposed employee age as moderating the structural stability of altruistic organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) with regard to the influence of context-relevant attitudes and dispositional variables. Analyses of peer ratings of altruistic OCB in a sample of 96 U.S. nurses showed that the contextual variables of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and trust in management were germane for the younger participants. The dispositional variable of moral judgment was a unique predictor of altruistic OCB among the older participants.
A High-Efficiency SOI CMOS Stacked-FET Power Amplifier Using Phase-Based Linearization

A linearization technique based on the phase correction is proposed for a CMOS stacked-FET power amplifier (PA). The linearizer employs a phase injection circuit as a main linearizer. The phase injection circuit presents envelope-reshaped capacitance to the gate of a driver amplifier to correct for phase compression near saturation. It also helps with AM-AM linearization. Hybrid bias circuit consisting of a diode and a resistor is also employed for static adaptive biasing, which allows the PA to meet stringent linearity requirement across the entire power range. Two stacked-FET linear PAs with the proposed linearizers have been designed using a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS process at 1.88 and 0.9 GHz. The fabricated PAs show adjacent channel leakage ratios (ACLRs) better than -39 dBc with peak power-added efficiencies (PAEs) of 44.3 and 49.2% at 1.88 and 0.9 GHz, respectively, using 3GPP uplink W-CDMA signal.
Attenuation of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone and Arginine Vasopressin Responsiveness During Late-Gestation Pregnancy in Sheep1

Abstract Responsiveness of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis is decreased during pregnancy. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine if responsiveness at the level of individual corticotrophs to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP) is decreased during pregnancy in sheep. Anterior pituitaries (APs) were collected from pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. Half of the APs were dispersed, and cells were placed on immobilon and treated with vehicle, CRH (10 nM), or AVP (100 nM) for 2 h. Cells were then fixed and incubated with ACTH or pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) antibodies. The percentage of cells staining positive for immunoreactive (ir) ACTH or POMC, the percentage of cells secreting irACTH or POMC, and the area of irACTH or POMC secretion were measured. RNA was extracted from the other half of the APs to quantify CRH type 1 (CRH-R1) and vasopressin type 1b (V1b) receptor mRNA by ribonuclease protection assay. CRH treatment increased the percentage of corticotrophs with relatively large areas of irACTH and POMC secretion in nonpregnant, but not in pregnant, ewes. AVP treatment significantly increased the percentage of irACTH- and POMC-secreting cells in nonpregnant, but not in pregnant, ewes. V1b receptor mRNA, but not CRH-R1 receptor mRNA, was significantly decreased during pregnancy. These results suggest that corticotroph responsiveness to CRH and AVP is decreased during pregnancy in sheep. Therefore, reduced corticotroph responsiveness may contribute to stress hyporesponsivity during pregnancy.
Impact of Population Growth and One Child Policy on Economic Growth of China

This paper examines the relationship between population growth and economic growth of China at both the national level and provincial level. We base our specification on a version of neoclassical Solow model and incorporates the one child policy implemented in 1979 as a policy variable. At the national level, a 1% increase of population growth rate would facilitate a 1.7% increase in economic growth rate. However, the one child policy slowed down the population growth, which indirectly lowered the national economic growth. At the provincial level, the impact of population growth becomes negative after 1979 with every 1% increase in population growth decreasing GDP by 1.2%. The one child policy plays a statistically significant and positive role in provincial economic growth.
Intellectual Capital disclosure in the UK biotechnology IPO prospectuses

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of intellectual capital (IC) disclosure on the UK biotechnology initial public offering (IPO) prospectuses. The study is based on companies going public on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and the London Alternative Investment Market (AIM) over the period 2005‐2007.Design/methodology/approach – The extent of IC disclosure is collected and measured by using the IC disclosure index and the framework proposed by Bukh et al. The differences in the level of IC disclosure are analysed by modelling some firm‐specific determinants such as size, maturity, age and independence of the board.Findings – It is shown that primary listing companies on the LSE disclose more IC information than those on the London AIM. Maturity and independence of the board are associated with IC disclosure, while size and age are not related, showing the importance of corporate communication as a signal of credibility to possible investors at IPO stage.Originality/value – The.
Design Considerations of Compensation Topologies in ICPT System

Topology selection involved in the design of the inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) system is presented in this paper. Different compensation topologies of ICPT system are discussed, including single-resonant compensation and multi-resonant compensation topologies. Voltage and current gain are obtained in each case. The concept of power factor in resonant converter is introduced to minimize the VA rating of the switches and to optimize the parameter design. From the analytical results and the plots obtained, it is found that series compensation on primary side is more effective to nullify the leakage inductance than other single compensation topologies. And the performance of compensating both primary and secondary sides is much better than compensating only one side. Characteristic curves vs. variation of different parameters are compared and analyzed, which will aid in the design of the circuit. One of the topologies discussed is constructed as an example to address the design considerations of ICPT system and to demonstrate the performance of a practical system.
Multirate ASR models for phone-class dependent N-best list rescoring

Speech comprises a variety of acoustical phenomena occurring at differing rates. Fixed-rate ASR systems assume in effect a constant temporal rate of information flow via incorporating uniform statistics in proportion to a sound's duration. The usual tradeoff window length of 25-30 milliseconds represents a time-frequency resolution compromise, which aims to allow reasonable speed for following changes in the spectral trajectories and sufficient number of samples to estimate the harmonic structure. In this work, we describe a technique to augment a recognizer that uses this compromise with information from multiple-rate spectral models that emphasize either better time or better frequency resolution in order to improve performance. The main idea is to use the hypotheses generated by a fixed-rate recognizer to determine the appropriate model rate for a segment of the speech waveform. This is realized through a technique based on rescoring of N-best lists with acoustical models using different temporal windows by a phone-dependent posterior-like score. We report results on the NIST Evaluation 2002 dataset, and demonstrate that the rescoring method produces word error rate (WER) improvements in a baseline system
The Relationship Between Internal Audit and Senior Management: A Qualitative Analysis of Expectations and Perceptions

This study, based upon Belgian case studies, provides a qualitative assessment of the relationship between internal audit and senior management, analysing the expectations and perceptions of both parties. We found that senior management's expectations have a significant influence on internal audit and that internal audit, generally, is able to meet most of these expectations. Senior management wants internal audit to compensate for the loss of control they experience resulting from increased organisational complexity. Senior management expects internal audit to fulfil a supporting role in the monitoring and improvement of risk management and internal control, and wants them to monitor the corporate culture. Furthermore, they expect internal audit to be a training ground for future managers. On the other hand, internal audit expects senior management to take the first steps in the formalisation of the risk management system. They are looking for senior management support, as this benefits their overall acceptance.
Structural Processes at Slow-Spreading Ridges

Slow-spreading (<35 millimeters per year) mid-ocean ridges are dominated by segmented, asymmetric, rifted depressions like continental rifts. Fast-spreading ridges display symmetric, elevated volcanic edifices that vary in shape and size along axis. Deep earthquakes, major normal faults, and exposures of lower crustal rocks are common only along slow-spreading ridges. These contrasting features suggest that mechanical deformation is far more important in crustal formation at slow-spreading ridges than at fast-spreading ridges. New seismic images suggest that the nature and scale of segmentation of slow-spreading ridges is integral to the deformational process and not to magmatic processes that may control segmentation on fast-spreading ridges.
Temporal Orchestration of Glycogen Synthase (GlgA) Gene Expression and Glycogen Accumulation in the Oceanic Picoplanktonic Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Strain WH8103

ABSTRACT Glycogen is accumulated during the latter half of the diel cycle in Synechococcus sp. strain WH8103 following a midday maximum in glgA (encoding glycogen synthase) mRNA abundance. This temporal pattern is quite distinct from that of Prochlorococcus and may highlight divergent regulatory control of carbon/nitrogen metabolism in these closely related picocyanobacteria.
Combined Semimembranosus Muscle and Epigastric Skin Flap: A New Model of Composite-Free Flap in the Rat

We present a new model of combined semimembranosus muscle and epigastric skin free flap based on a single pedicle consisting of the muscular branch of semimembranosus muscle and superficial epigastric vessels in continuity with femoral vessels. In 10 rats, the anatomy of the semimembranosus muscle was studied in detail. The mean length of the muscle was 38 mm and width was 11 mm. The mean weight of the muscle was 1.03 g. The mean external diameter of the femoral artery was 1 mm and vein was 1.2 mm. Eight combined semimembranosus/epigastric skin flaps were dissected and transferred into the neck and contralateral groin regions with 100% success rate. This model of combined muscle and skin flap has several advantages. It is reliable, versatile, easy to dissect with long vascular pedicle and adequate vessel diameter for the anastomoses. It can be used for different applicability, including microcirculatory, pharmacologic, physiological, biochemical, and immunologic studies.
A New Method of Time-frequency Synthesis of Harmonic Signal Extraction from Chaotic Background

The separation of chaos and signal is an important problem of chaos signal processing. In recent years, the time-frequency analysis method is more and more mature. It can extract the time-domain character and frequency-domain character at the meantime. Time-frequency method can mainly carry out the problem of extraction from continuous chaos system background; achieve separation between chaos and signal according to different time-frequency character of chaos signal, noise signal and harmonic signal. So it can get useful signal from chaotic background. This paper first introduced the basic theory of time-frequency methods. Use the wavelet method and empirical mode decomposition method to analyze the extraction performance of harmonic signal from chaos background according to the different noise situation. After compare the wavelet method and empirical mode decomposition method, we summarize a new complementary synthesis method of harmonic signal extraction combine the wavelet threshold and empirical mode decomposition according to the experiments and simulation. Computer simulation verified that the methods have high availability.
Use of iohexol to quantify hemodialysis delivered and residual renal function: technical note.

BACKGROUND Classically, urea (molecular wt = 60) is used to determine the urea reduction ratio (URR) or clearance, based on volume of distribution (Kt/V). These methods are subject to many errors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether iohexol (Io; molecular wt = 821) could be used instead of urea and provide better information as well as middle molecule clearance data. METHODS Ten hemodialysis (HD) patients were evaluated. All were dialyzed for three hours, and a single bolus of 100 ml of Io was injected immediately post-HD. For direct dialysis quantification (DDQ), the spent dialysate was collected in a drum, and urea and iodine (I) determined immediately prior to, at the end of, and 30 minutes post-HD. As routinely used, DDQ measures clearance directly rather than estimates the levels. RESULTS Calculated Kt/V urea (1.21+/-0.05) significantly overestimated DDQ Kt/V urea (0.78+/-0.04, P < 0.001) whereas calculated and DDQ Kt/V Io were similar (1.44+/-0.10 vs. 1.36+/-0.05). The URR and iohexol reduction ratio (IoRR) were also different (0.63+/-0.02 vs. 0.69+/-0.02; P < 0.002) with a urea but not Io rebound (URR30 min 0.59+/-0.02, P < 0.05). Calculated urea clearance (C(urea)), 247+/-21 ml/min, significantly overestimated DDQ C(urea) (157+/-10 ml/min P < 0.001). Calculated CIo and DDQ CIo, however, were similar (109+/-8 vs. 104+/-7 ml/min). Total body clearance (TBC) in six anuric subjects was 2.5+/-0.3 ml/min, and in four oliguric subjects was 5.2+/-0.5 ml/min. In 10 additional patients, direct urine measurements demonstrated a non-renal clearance (NRC) of 2.97+/-0.18 ml/min, which was 4.0+/-0.3% of body wt. Use of this factor allowed an estimation of residual renal function (RRF) that accurately reflected measured RRF (1.32+/-0.53 vs. 1.42+/-0.55 ml/min) CONCLUSION A single injection of Io can be used to determine Kt/V, RR, and RRF without rebound or the inconvenience of urine collection. It may also represent middle molecule clearance better than urea kinetics, and may serve as a superior method for determining HD delivered and dialysis adequacy.
Mycobacterium lepromatosis Infections in Nuevo León, Mexico

ABSTRACT The frequency of infection caused by the recently described pathogen Mycobacterium lepromatosis is unknown. Here, we describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes of five lepromatous leprosy patients suffering from M. lepromatosis infection in Nuevo Léon, Mexico. Diagnosis was facilitated by a new highly specific PCR procedure.