Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Schema extraction

Understanding the schema of a complex database is a crucial step in exploratory data analysis. However, gaining such an understanding is challenging for new users for many reasons. First, complex databases often have thousands of inter-linked tables, with little indication of the important tables or the main concepts in the database schema. Second, schemas can be inaccurate, e.g., some foreign/primary key relationships are not known to designers but are inherent in the data, while others become invalid due to data inconsistencies. In this talk, we present an approach to effectively address these challenges and automatically extract an understandable schema from a complex database. The first step in our approach is a robust algorithm to discover foreign/primary key relationships between tables. We present a general rule, termed Randomness, that subsumes a variety of other rules proposed in previous work, and develop efficient approximation algorithms for evaluating randomness, using only two passes over the data. The second step is a principled approach to summarize the schema consisting of tables linked using foreign/primary keys, so that a user can easily identify the main concepts and important tables. We present an information theoretic approach to identify important tables, and an intuitive notion of table similarity that can be used to cluster tables into the main concepts of the schema. We validate our approach using real and synthetic datasets. This is based on joint work [1, 2] with Marios Hadjieleftheriou, Beng Chin Ooi, Cecilia M. Procopiuc, Xiaoyan Yang and Meihui Zhang.
Undecidability of bisimilarity by defender's forcing

Stirling [1996, 1998] proved the decidability of bisimilarity on so-called normed pushdown processes. This result was substantially extended by Sénizergues [1998, 2005] who showed the decidability of bisimilarity for regular (or equational) graphs of finite out-degree; this essentially coincides with weak bisimilarity of processes generated by (unnormed) pushdown automata where the ϵ-transitions can only deterministically pop the stack. The question of decidability of bisimilarity for the more general class of so called Type -1 systems, which is equivalent to weak bisimilarity on unrestricted ϵ-popping pushdown processes, was left open. This was repeatedly indicated by both Stirling and Sénizergues. Here we answer the question negatively, that is, we show the undecidability of bisimilarity on Type -1 systems, even in the normed case. We achieve the result by applying a technique we call Defender's Forcing, referring to the bisimulation games. The idea is simple, yet powerful. We demonstrate its versatility by deriving further results in a uniform way. First, we classify several versions of the undecidable problems for prefix rewrite systems (or pushdown automata) as Π01-complete or Σ11-complete. Second, we solve the decidability question for weak bisimilarity on PA (Process Algebra) processes, showing that the problem is undecidable and even Σ11-complete. Third, we show Σ11-completeness of weak bisimilarity for so-called parallel pushdown (or multiset) automata, a subclass of (labeled, place/transition) Petri nets.
Incidence, Clinical Features, and Prognostic Impact of CALR Exon 9 Mutations in Essential Thrombocythemia and Primary Myelofibrosis: An Experience of a Single Tertiary Hospital in Korea

We evaluated the incidence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of calreticulin (CALR) mutations in essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) patients. In all, 48 ET and 14 PMF patients were enrolled, and the presence of CALR mutations was analyzed by direct sequencing. Patients were classified into three subgroups according to Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F and CALR mutation status, and their clinical features and prognosis were compared. CALR mutations were detected in 15 (24.2%) patients, and the incidence increased to 50.0% in 30 JAK2 V617F mutation-negative cases. These included 11 patients with three known mutations (c.1092_1143del [seven cases], c.1154_1155insTTGTC [three cases], and c.1102_1135del [one case]) and 4 patients with novel mutations. ET patients carrying CALR mutation were younger, had lower white blood cell counts, and experienced less thrombosis during follow-up than those carrying JAK2 V617F mutation, while both patient groups showed similar clinical features and prognosis. In ET patients without JAK2 V617F mutation, CALR mutation did not significantly affect clinical manifestation and prognosis. In conclusion, CALR mutation analysis could be a useful diagnostic tool for ET and PMF in 50% of the cases without JAK2 V617F mutations. The prognostic impact of CALR mutations needs further investigation.
The Effect of 5-HT2C Receptor Activation on Nausea-Induced Behaviour in Rats

THE EFFECT OF 5-HT2C RECEPTOR ACTIVATION ON NAUSEA-INDUCED BEHAVIOUR IN RATS Leonardo B Silenieks Advisor: University of Guelph, 2014 Professor Neil MacLusky Professor Linda A. Parker The present study aimed at investigating the role of the 5-HT2C receptor in nausea using different models of nausea-induced behaviour in rats. Two chemically distinct 5-HT2C agonists (lorcaserin and CP-809101) were evaluated using the conditioned gaping model. At therapeutically relevant doses, lorcaserin caused rats to display conditioned gaping reactions. This effect was successfully blocked by pre-treating the animals with the 5-HT2C antagonists SB-242084, suggesting that this receptor is involved in the genesis of nausea. In contrast, CP-809101 did not produce conditioned gaping in rats administered with doses higher than its efficacy range in feeding studies. These results suggest that the relevance of this receptor in nausea may be more complex than previously considered. It invites the question of whether functional selectivity may be the reason for the differences between side effect profiles of these two serotonergic drugs.
Making the Subjective Objective? Computer-Assisted Quantification of Qualitative Content Cues to Deception

Research syntheses suggest that verbal content cues are more diagnostic than other cues in discriminating between truth and deception. In many studies on content cues, raters are trained to rate the presence of specific content cues, an inherently subjective process. This necessitates to demonstrate inter-coder reliability first. Depending on the statistical coefficient used, establishing adequate inter-rater reliabilities for these subjective judgments often creates a problem. To address some of these problems, a new method for coding these content cues with a computer program developed for qualitative research, MaxQDA (www.maxqda.de), is proprosed. The application of the program is demonstrated using the Aberdeen Report Judgment Scales (ARJS; Sporer, 2004) with a set of 72 deceptive and true accounts of a driving examination. Data on different types of inter-coder reliabilities are presented and implications for future research with computer-assisted qualitative coding procedures as well as training of coders are outlined.
A pulse-coded communications infrastructure for neuromorphic systems

Neuromorphic engineering [Mead, 1989, Mead, 1990, Douglas et al., 1995] applies the computational principles used by biological nervous systems to those tasks that biological systems perform easily, but which have proved difficult to do using traditional engineering techniques. These problems include visual and auditory perceptive processing, navigation, and locomotion. Typically, current neuromorphic systems are hybrid analog-digital electronic systems fabricated using CMOS VLSI technology [Mead, 1989, Douglas and Mahowald, 1995]. Research has focused on the sub-threshold analog operation of these circuits, because in this regime it is possible to construct compact analog circuits that compute various biologically relevant operations such as logarithms, exponents and hyperbolic tangents.
Exploring Relationships Between Teacher Training and Support Strategies for Students Utilizing Augmentative and Alternate Communication

Schools in the United States support a large group of students requiring the assistance of augmentative and alternate communication (AAC). It is currently unknown what types of training and supports special education teachers require or are receiving to meet the needs of these students. A convenience sample of 3,200 teachers was surveyed about the following topics: (a) number and description of students who do not have a proficient way of communicating, (b) the efforts employed by teachers to support AAC adoption, and (c) the type and length of training the teachers had specific to supporting students who need communication supports. Researchers found a statistically significant association between the amounts of training the teacher received and the communication functionality of their students. In addition, teachers with more training tend to utilize a wider variety of support strategies and certain types of training may be more effective for specific modes of communication.
An Effective Replacement Strategy of Cache Memory for an SMT Processor

An SMT processor is designed to execute multiple threads simultaneously in order to gain higher performance with sharing resources such as ALUs and cache memory among several threads. However, sharing cache memory may cause thread conflict misses which degrades its performance. In this paper, an effective replacement strategy in which conflicts miss ratio among threads is controlled by limiting the range of replaceable cache blocks is proposed and designed in order to overcome the problem on cache memory of an SMT processor. The proposed replacement strategy shows 5.3 % as high performance in average and up to 41.9% in maximum as a conventional pseudo LRU strategy. Moreover, hardware costs for implementing the proposed strategy are reduced by 0.74 % compared with pseudo LRU strategy.
White and Grey Matter Changes in the Language Network during Healthy Aging

Neural structures change with age but there is no consensus on the exact processes involved. This study tested the hypothesis that white and grey matter in the language network changes during aging according to a “last in, first out” process. The fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter and cortical thickness of grey matter were measured in 36 participants whose ages ranged from 55 to 79 years. Within the language network, the dorsal pathway connecting the mid-to-posterior superior temporal cortex (STC) and the inferior frontal cortex (IFC) was affected more by aging in both FA and thickness than the other dorsal pathway connecting the STC with the premotor cortex and the ventral pathway connecting the mid-to-anterior STC with the ventral IFC. These results were independently validated in a second group of 20 participants whose ages ranged from 50 to 73 years. The pathway that is most affected during aging matures later than the other two pathways (which are present at birth). The results are interpreted as showing that the neural structures which mature later are affected more than those that mature earlier, supporting the “last in, first out” theory.
Analytical Evaluation of Fractional Frequency Reuse for Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Interference management techniques are critical to the performance of heterogeneous cellular networks, which will have dense and overlapping coverage areas, and experience high levels of interference. Fractional frequency reuse (FFR) is an attractive interference management technique due to its low complexity and overhead, and significant coverage improvement for low-percentile (cell-edge) users. Instead of relying on system simulations based on deterministic access point locations, this paper instead proposes an analytical model for evaluating Strict FFR and Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) deployments based on the spatial Poisson point process. Our results both capture the non-uniformity of heterogeneous deployments and produce tractable expressions which can be used for system design with Strict FFR and SFR. We observe that the use of Strict FFR bands reserved for the users of each tier with the lowest average \sinr provides the highest gains in terms of coverage and rate, while the use of SFR allows for more efficient use of shared spectrum between the tiers, while still mitigating much of the interference. Additionally, in the context of multi-tier networks with closed access in some tiers, the proposed framework shows the impact of cross-tier interference on closed access FFR, and informs the selection of key FFR parameters in open access.
The pulsed X-ray light curves of the isolated neutron star RBS1223

We present a multi-epoch spectral and timing analysis of the isolated neutron star RBS1223. New XMM-Newton data obtained in January 2004 confirm the spin period to be twice as long as previously thought, P spin = 10.31 s. The combined ROSAT, Chandra, and XMM-Newton data (6 epochs) give, contrary to earlier findings, no clear indication of a spin evolution of the neutron star. The X-ray light curves are double-humped with pronounced hardness ratio variations suggesting an inhomogeneous surface temperature with two spots separated by about ∼160°. The sharpness of the two humps suggests a mildly relativistic star with a ratio between R ns , the neutron star radius at source, and rs, the Schwarzschild-radius, of R ns /r S > 3.5. Assuming Planckian energy distributions as local radiation sources, light curves were synthesized which were found to be in overall qualitative agreement with observed light curves in two different energy bands. The temperature distribution used was based on the crustal field models by Geppert et al. (2004) for a central temperature of T c = 10 8 K and an external dipolar field of B ∼ 10 13 G. This gives a mean atmospheric temperature of 55 eV. A much simpler model with two homogeneous spots with T∞ = 92 eV and 84 eV, and a cold rest star, T star, ∞ < 45 eV, invisible at X-ray wavelengths, was found to be similarly successful. The new temperature determination and the new P spin suggest that the star is older than previously thought, T 10 5, 6 yr. The model-dependent distance to RBS1223 is estimated between 76 pc and 380 pc (for R ns = 12km).
Wound-Healing Process in the Skin b and TGF- g between IFN-The Essential Involvement of Cross-Talk

Several lines of in vitro evidence suggest the potential role of IFN- (cid:1) in angiogenesis and collagen deposition, two crucial steps in the wound healing process. In this report, we examined the role of IFN- (cid:1) in the skin wound healing process utilizing WT and IFN- (cid:1) KO mice. In WT mice, excisional wounding induced IFN- (cid:1) mRNA and protein expression by inﬁltrating macrophages and T cells, with a concomitant enhancement of IL-12 and IL-18 gene expression. Compared with WT mice, IFN- (cid:1) KO mice exhibited an accelerated wound healing as evidenced by rapid wound closure and granulation tissue formation. Moreover, IFN- (cid:1) KO mice exhibited enhanced angiogenesis with augmented vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression in wound sites, compared with WT mice, despite a reduction in the inﬁltrating neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells. IFN- (cid:1) KO mice also exhibited accelerated collagen deposition with enhanced production of TGF- (cid:2) 1 protein in wound sites, compared with WT mice. Further-more, the absence of IFN- (cid:1) augmented the TGF- (cid:2) 1-mediated signaling pathway, as evidenced by increases in the levels of total and phosphorylated Smad2 and a reciprocal decrease in the levels of Smad7. These results demonstrate that there is crosstalk between the IFN- (cid:1) /Stat1 and TGF- (cid:2) 1/Smad signaling pathways in the wound healing process. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 1848–1855.
Syllable Onset Intervals as an Indicator of Discourse and Syntactic Boundaries in Taiwan Mandarin

This study looks at the syllable onset interval (SOI) patterning in Taiwan Mandarin spontaneous speech and its relationship to discourse and syntactic units. Monologs were elicited by asking readers to tell stories depicted in comic strips and were transcribed and segmented into Discourse Segment Units (Grosz & Sidner, 1986), clauses, and phrases. Results showed that the degree of final lengthening was modulated by boundary types. Lengthening before discourse boundaries was longer than that before clausal boundaries, which was in turn longer than that before phrasal boundaries. Final SOI lengthening also seemed to reflect cognitive load. At the discourse and clausal levels, the degree of lengthening is modulated by narration order. First narrations tended to have longer final SOIs than second narrations. In addition, there was also a mild lengthening effect in nonfinal SOIs, as was evidenced by the length differences in initial and medial SOIs and the differential lengthening effect regarding the positioning of phrases in a clause.
The phenomenology of emotion in depressed young adolescents.

THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF EMOTION IN DEPRESSED YOUNG ADOLESCENTS FEBRUARY, 1991 BRUCE M. ECKER, B.A. , TEMPLE UNIVERSITY M.A., UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Ph.D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by; Professor Robert S. Feldman Depressive affect and depressive disorders have been shown to increase in the transition from childhood to early adolescence. Furthermore, although Major Depresssion is classified as an affective disorder and many have asserted the importance that knowledge about emotions holds for understanding the organization, etiology, neurobiology, and treatment of depression, empirical investigation has been lacking. This is particularly true as regards adolescence. The current study explored the subjective experience of emotions, with attention also to emotional expression, associated with depression in groups of 39 psychiatric inpatients and 22 non-clinical control young adolescents. Measures included a self-report measure of depressive symptomatology, the Childhood Depression Inventory (CDI) , and a self-report measure of the frequency of experience of individual emotions, the Differential Emotions Scale-IV
University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics Morphology-syntax Interface: the Relation between Prefixes of Brazilian Portuguese and Argument Structure Morphology-syntax Interface: the Relation between Prefixes of Brazilian Portuguese and Argument Structure Morphology-syntax Interface: th

In this paper, I propose a syntactic treatment for Brazilian Portuguese verbal Prefixes. In an empirical level, I show that prefixes a-, en-and es-can contribute with semantic, aspectual and argument structure of the root to each they attach when they combine with v forming a kind of complex head (v-p). On the other hand, the same prefixes can show no structural contribution and no predictable meaning to the verb when attached to some bound root formations. In a theoretical level, I proposed that prefixation contribution is determined by locality domains of attachment instead of resourcing to an explanation in terms of a lexical vs. non lexical formation. The general proposal is that that prefixes can merge in three different places in syntactic structure implying different results to the final structure : a. within rootP; b. outside rootP but not above the first categorizer (cyclic head in terms of Embick 2010); c. above little v or some other categorized structure, working as word modifiers. Within this approach, the distinction among lexical, inner and superlexical prefixes (Markova & Padrosa-Trias 2008) can be treated in terms of locality attachment on syntactic structure, dispensing with a two place theory of word formation. Moreover, the proposal of a " above VP " and " below VP " attachment for prefixes (Svenonius 2004) is too rough to account for the focused BP data since we would have to assume that prefixes a-, en-and es-always attach below VP and this makes the distinction between rootP internal and rootP external prefix attachment impossible.
Adaptive Lookahead for Answer Set Computation

Lookahead is a well-known constraint propagation technique for DPLL-based SAT and answer set solvers. Despite its space pruning power, it can also slow down the search, due to its high overhead. In this paper, this twofold effect is analyzed. On one side, we give characterizations of the problems for which the cause for the reduction of search efficiency shows clearly. On the other we show that problem instances that lie in the phase transition regions often significantly benefit from the use of lookahead. Our analysis leads to a proposal of adaptive lookahead, which performs lookahead according to the learned information during the search. Adaptive lookahead is implemented in one of the best-known answer set solvers, smodels. Our experiments show that adaptive lookahead adapts well to different search environments it is going through.
A comparison of parallel- and series elastic elements in an actuator for mimicking human ankle joint in walking and running

Elastic elements in prosthetic devices can help to reduce peak power (PP) and energy requirements (ER) for the actuators. Calculations showed that it is impossible with current commercial motor technology to mimic human ankle behavior in detail for higher walking and running speeds with single motor solutions using a Serial Elastic Actuator (SEA). Concerning this result we checked the requirements of a parallel elastic actuator (PEA) and a combination of serial and parallel (SE+PEA) springs. We found that a PEA can reduce PP additionally in comparison to the SEA by pre-loading the spring in the flight phase. This reduces also peak torque. But this loading needs additional energy so that the ER increase in comparison to the SEA. The SE+PEA concept can further decrease PP. With that, the ER are less than the PEA but higher than for the SEA. The results show less benefit for the PEA and the SE+PEA when a constant stiffness and a fixed parallel spring slack length is used for both gaits and all speeds. All concepts show that mimicking human ankle joint behavior in running and walking at higher speeds is still challenging for single motor devices.
Group latent factor model for recommendation with multiple user behaviors

Recently, some recommendation methods try to relieve the data sparsity problem of Collaborative Filtering by exploiting data from users' multiple types of behaviors. However, most of the exist methods mainly consider to model the correlation between different behaviors and ignore the heterogeneity of them, which may make improper information transferred and harm the recommendation results. To address this problem, we propose a novel recommendation model, named Group Latent Factor Model (GLFM), which attempts to learn a factorization of latent factor space into subspaces that are shared across multiple behaviors and subspaces that are specific to each type of behaviors. Thus, the correlation and heterogeneity of multiple behaviors can be modeled by these shared and specific latent factors. Experiments on the real-world dataset demonstrate that our model can integrate users' multiple types of behaviors into recommendation better.