Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Partial differential equation diffusion in complex domain

In the course of noise removal by means of anisotropic diffusion method, it is important to maintain image smooth and preserve image features. In this paper, a new anisotropic diffusion in complex field is proposed with better smoothing effects as well as well preserving image edges well. Experiment results have shown the effectiveness of this proposed method.
p53 Plays a Role in Mesenchymal Differentiation Programs, in a Cell Fate Dependent Manner

Background The tumor suppressor p53 is an important regulator that controls various cellular networks, including cell differentiation. Interestingly, some studies suggest that p53 facilitates cell differentiation, whereas others claim that it suppresses differentiation. Therefore, it is critical to evaluate whether this inconsistency represents an authentic differential p53 activity manifested in the various differentiation programs. Methodology/Principal Findings To clarify this important issue, we conducted a comparative study of several mesenchymal differentiation programs. The effects of p53 knockdown or enhanced activity were analyzed in mouse and human mesenchymal cells, representing various stages of several differentiation programs. We found that p53 down-regulated the expression of master differentiation-inducing transcription factors, thereby inhibiting osteogenic, adipogenic and smooth muscle differentiation of multiple mesenchymal cell types. In contrast, p53 is essential for skeletal muscle differentiation and osteogenic re-programming of skeletal muscle committed cells. Conclusions These comparative studies suggest that, depending on the specific cell type and the specific differentiation program, p53 may exert a positive or a negative effect, and thus can be referred as a “guardian of differentiation” at large.
Study of the plasticizer effect of single yeast cell by nanorobotic manipulation system

Plasticizer effect plays an important role in biological field, such as in the fruit ripe process. Humidity is a key factor to affect the plasticize. Previously, the stiffness of plant cells have been measured to study the plasticizer of the plant. However, these studies are based on group cell analysis and is not in vivo. In this paper, A nanoneedle was fabricated from AFM (atomic force microscopy) cantilever by FIB (focused ion beam) etching technique.The nanoneedle was fixed to a nanorobotic manipulator, which has three degrees of freedom, i.e. X, Y and Z translation. Single yeast cell was put on the sample stage inside an environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The environment relative humidity was set to three values, i.e. 100%, 70% and 40%. The stiffness of the single cell at these conditions were measured using the nanoneedle driven by the nanorobotic manipulation system.
Non-ideal Models and Simulation of Boost Converters Operating in DCM

Various aspects for the averaged modelling of the Boost converters operating in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are studied. The parasitics of the Boost converter are also considered. A duty ratio constraint that defines the diode conduction interval is identified to be the key for accurate prediction of high-frequency behaviour. A new duty-ratio constraint is proposed that leads to the full-order averaged models of DCM converters. Numerical analyses and experimental measurements confirm that the new models correctly predict the small-signal responses up to the half of switching frequency and are more accurate than previous models. Moreover, the analytical results are included to show the origin of the high-frequency pole in DCM operation and to explain why the full-order model is capable of accurately predicting it.
Detection of Normal ECG and Arrhythmia Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System

Now a day we have various intelligent computing tools such as artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic approaches are proving to be dexterous when applied to a range of problems. In this paper we applied the ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Interface System) tool for detecting the normal and abnormal signal. Here the designed ANFIS model contained both approaches the neural network adaptive potential approach and the fuzzy logic qualitative approach. Hybrid method is used as an optimization method. The Electrocardiogram (ECG) dynamic and nonlinear signal characteristic requires an accurate and precise detection and recognition system. This paper describes the detection of a MIT-BHI normal sinus ECG database signal and MIT-BHI Supraventricular ECG database signal based on ANFIS approach. Some conclusions regarding the classification of the ECG signals is obtained through analysis of the ANFIS. The proposed ANFIS modal gives the 100% accuracy for normal ECG detection and 91% accuracy for abnormal ECG detection. Classification accuracies and the results created by the ANFIS confirmed that the proposed ANFIS model is very efficient in classifying the normal and abnormal ECG signals. but in our research we have taken the 1 min complete ECG include of many ECG bits is taken for analysis.
Aircraft Recognition in High Resolution Satellite Images

--------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT-------------------------------------------------The project presents recognize of an aircraft in satellite image using template matching for accurate detection and tracking. High resolution multispectral satellite images with multi-angular look capability have tremendous potential applications. Here the system involves an object tracking algorithm with three-step processing that includes moving object estimation, target modelling, and target matching. Potentially moving objects are first identified on the time-series images. The target is then modelled by extracting both spectral and spatial features. In the target matching procedure, template will be used as matching model to recognize with each frame by frame for accurate detection. Here, normalized cross correlation and spatial features are used as features model for recognition. This recognition model will be continued for all sequence of satellite images.
Efﬁcient Learning of Dynamics Models Using Terrain Classiﬁcation

Terrain classiﬁcation in robotics has heavily focused on determining a region for traversal, while also labeling obstacles. Our work attempts to expand this essentially binary viewpoint and to use terrain classiﬁers as an indicator for switching between a set of sys-tem dynamics. By learning multiple models of the system dynamics, the robot is able to assess alternative paths based on traversal costs of different terrain types instead of strict distance metrics. We demonstrate a system that reliably learns an optimal control policy using this additional terrain information and contrast it with several systems based on more traditional methods that fail to reliably complete the same task.
Synthetic evaluation indices system of low-carbon cities and its application

It is an important and urgent issue in the construction of low-carbon cities to establish a set of evaluation indices system of low-carbon cities. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept of low-carbon cities as well as the investigative status of low-carbon cities both at home and abroad, and then it puts forward the construction principles of evaluation indices system for low-carbon cities, setting up a set of synthetic evaluation indices system of low-carbon cities involved in four areas include eco-environmental quality of cities, development of economy and society, management systems of cities and construction of primary infrastructure. Finally, it verifies the indices system by taking Shanghai as an example. Hopefully, this indices system will play certain guiding role to the construction of low-carbon cities.
ReviewThe Cortical Control of Movement Revisited

Reina et al., 2001). Others suggest that joint angle is Recently, we found that electrical stimulation of motor coded in motor cortex (Scott and Kalaska, 1995, 1997) cortex caused monkeys to make coordinated, comor that muscle tension is coded, perhaps in a complex plex movements. These evoked movements were arfashion in which each location in cortex influences many ranged across the cortex in a map of spatial locations muscles (Evarts, 1968; Cheney et al., 1985; Donoghue to which the hand moved. We suggest that some of et al., 1992; Kakei et al., 1999; Todorov, 2000; Cabel et the subdivisions previously described within primary al., 2001). All of these possibilities have some evidence motor and premotor cortex may represent different in support of them, and the debate has not yet been types of actions that monkeys tend to make in different resolved. Indeed, almost every movement parameter regions of space. According to this view, primary and that has been tested has been found to be encoded by premotor cortex may fit together into a larger map of motor cortex neurons. manual space. (3) The hierarchical organization among the cortical
Low-Speed Wireless Networks Research and Simulation Based on RC5

RC5 receives a wide range of favor and support in security protocols of low-speed wireless networks (LSWN). In order to further study whether RC5 applies to LSWN, this paper simulates two kinds of LSWN model that includes RC5 algorithm and without RC5 algorithm through the OMNeT++ simulator. By comparing the performance of the two kinds of LSWN model, such as End-to-End Delay of the packet, Packet Loss Rate of the node, the experimental statistics prove that introducing RC5 only brings a little overhead into the whole network. Therefore, we consider that RC5 is fit to LSWN to provide security communication.
Experience of Initial Symptoms of Breast Cancer and Triggers for Action in Ethiopia

Objective. This study assessed the initial experiences, symptoms, and actions of patients in Ethiopia ultimately determined to have breast cancer. Methods. 69 participants in a comprehensive breast cancer treatment program at the main national cancer hospital in Ethiopia were interviewed using mixed qualitative and quantitative approaches. Participants' narratives of their initial cancer experience were coded and analyzed for themes around their symptoms, time to seeking advice, triggers for action, and contextual factors. The assessment was approved by the Addis Ababa University Faculty of Medicine Institutional Review Board. Results. Nearly all women first noticed lumps, though few sought medical advice within the first year (average time to action: 1.5 years). Eventually, changes in their symptoms motivated most participants to seek advice. Most participants did not think the initial lump would be cancer, nor was a lump of any particular concern until symptoms changed. Conclusion. Given the frequency with which lumps are the first symptom noticed, raising awareness among participants that lumps should trigger medical consultation could contribute significantly to more rapid medical advice-seeking among women in Ethiopia. Primary care sites should be trained and equipped to offer evaluation of lumps so that women can be referred appropriately for assessment if needed.
Role of Invariant Thr80 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Structure, Function, and Viral Infectivity

ABSTRACT Sequence variability associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is useful for inferring structural and/or functional constraints at specific residues within the viral protease. Positions that are invariant even in the presence of drug selection define critically important residues for protease function. While the importance of conserved active-site residues is easily understood, the role of other invariant residues is not. This work focuses on invariant Thr80 at the apex of the P1 loop of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus protease. In a previous study, we postulated, on the basis of a molecular dynamics simulation of the unliganded protease, that Thr80 may play a role in the mobility of the flaps of protease. In the present study, both experimental and computational methods were used to study the role of Thr80 in HIV protease. Three protease variants (T80V, T80N, and T80S) were examined for changes in structure, dynamics, enzymatic activity, affinity for protease inhibitors, and viral infectivity. While all three variants were structurally similar to the wild type, only T80S was functionally similar. Both T80V and T80N had decreased the affinity for saquinavir. T80V significantly decreased the ability of the enzyme to cleave a peptide substrate but maintained infectivity, while T80N abolished both activity and viral infectivity. Additionally, T80N decreased the conformational flexibility of the flap region, as observed by simulations of molecular dynamics. Taken together, these data indicate that HIV-1 protease functions best when residue 80 is a small polar residue and that mutations to other amino acids significantly impair enzyme function, possibly by affecting the flexibility of the flap domain.
A Formal Attack Centric Framework Highlighting Expected Losses of an Information Security Breach

From the beginning of the different approaches for analyzing and assessing the information related risk affecting organization, the two factors deriving risk are the damages or losses incurred to the organization and the probability of occurring of those risk incidents. Many qualitative and quantitative models have been proposed to estimate the above two factors considering the asset centric and software centric approaches. This paper proposes an attack centric framework that considers approaches of an attacker and different characteristics of attack in computing the overall impact of attack which can then be used to effectively calculate the overall loss incurred to the organization in the event of successful attack. This framework cognate with the existing ones and steps forward with a new mathematical approach to estimate the cost of any type of loss incurred to the organization due to the information security breach. Also the framework considers the cost of implementing security as loss in the event of security measure failed in providing appropriate protection against the threats.
Decision Making Meteorological Services System Based on Geographic Information System

The framework and the main features of the decision-making meteorological services system (DMMS), based on component GIS technology, are first introduced. Then some key issues of GIS application to system are discussed. At last, we draw some conclusions and make sure that this system can also bring a good construction idea of the decision-making meteorological services system all over the China.
Ka-band radar scattering in a wind-wave tank

We present some recent progresses in the characterization of Ka-band radar return from water surfaces when observed at small incidence. We report on a radar experiment conducted at the large Pytheas wind-wave facility in Marseille and provide associated models. We consider the applicability of the results to natural oceanic and continental surfaces and show some specific properties of the sea clutter in the latter case.
A Software Tool for Thesauri Management, Browsing and Supporting Advanced Searches

Thesauri have been widely used to improve the precision and recall of information retrieval in digital libraries for decades. They provide a uniform and consistent vocabulary for indexing metadata ("description of the data holdings“) and for supplying users with a suitable vocabulary for the retrieval. Therefore, a thesaurus management tool becomes a vital component in the development of any kind of digital library and this also extensible in the context of a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), a digital library specialised in geographic information resources. This work presents a thesauri management tool with two main objectives: a basic management and browsing of thesauri; and providing some mechanisms to enhance cross-discipline interoperability between different thesauri.
Design and analysis of a wheel-legged hybrid locomotion mechanism

A wheel-legged hybrid robot was put forward. First, the mechanical design of this chassis was introduced. Second, based on the kinematic analysis, comparison between the robot with the active transition system and that with the passive transition system was made. Third, the process of overcoming three kinds of obstacles was simulated. Finally, the conclusion can be made that this hybrid locomotion mechanism with the active transition system has good performance on rough terrains.
Scrambling code planning for 3GPP W-CDMA systems

Two types of scrambling code planning methods for multi-layer asynchronous 3GPP W-CDMA systems are developed by modifying the PN offset planning methods for synchronous CDMA systems. One is based on the reuse of code sets and the other is based on the graph coloring optimization. A condition that guarantees no code set confusion is derived. Design examples demonstrate that the graph coloring based method can be more efficient than the reuse-based method, and applicable to a wide variety of real W-CDMA networks.
Exact Solutions of Unsteady Dusty Fluid flow through Porous Media in an Open Rectangular Channel

Solutions are presented for the problem of the motion of a dusty gas through Porous Media in an Open Rectangular Channel. It is assumed that the fluid and the dust particle clouds are static at the beginning. The flow is due to the influence of time dependent pressure gradient. Flow analysis is carried out in Frenet frame field system and exact solutions of the problem are obtained by solving the partial differential equations using Laplace and Finite Fourier sine transform methods. Further graphs drawn for different values of Reynolds number and on basis of these the conclusions are given. Finally, the expressions for skin-friction are obtained at the boundaries.
Outage Performance Study of Cognitive Relay Networks with Imperfect Channel Knowledge

This letter presents the outage performance analysis for a cognitive relay network (CRN) with imperfect channel knowledge estimations. Under the condition of imperfect channel state information (CSI) estimations of interference links between primary and secondary systems, especially the links from both secondary transmitter and secondary relays to primary users, the exact outage probability is derived over Rayleigh fading channels and is verified through simulations. The simulation results show that: 1) increasing the number of relays is an effective approach to mitigate the outage performance degradation caused by the imperfect CSI; 2) the imperfect CSI of the secondary transmitter-primary user (PU) link has a greater impact on the outage performance than that of the secondary relay-PU link.
Significance testing for variable selection in high-dimension

Assessing the uncertainty pertaining to the conclusions derived from experimental data is challenging when there is a high number of possible explanations compared to the number of experiments. We propose a new two-stage “screen and clean” procedure for assessing the uncertainties pertaining to the selection of relevant variables in high-dimensional regression problems. In this two-stage method, screening consists in selecting a subset of candidate variables by a sparsity-inducing penalized regression, while cleaning consists in discarding all variables that do not pass a significance test. This test was originally based on ordinary least squares regression. We propose to improve the procedure by conveying more information from the screening stage to the cleaning stage. Our cleaning stage is based on an adaptively penalized regression whose weights are adjusted in the screening stage. Our procedure is amenable to the computation of p-values, allowing to control the False Discovery Rate. Our experiments show the benefits of our procedure, as we observe a systematic improvement of sensitivity compared to the original procedure.
The human Bloom syndrome gene suppresses the DNA replication and repair defects of yeast dna2 mutants

Bloom syndrome is a disorder of profound and early cancer predisposition in which cells become hypermutable, exhibit high frequency of sister chromatid exchanges, and show increased micronuclei. BLM, the gene mutated in Bloom syndrome, has been cloned previously, and the BLM protein is a member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases. Many lines of evidence suggest that BLM is involved either directly in DNA replication or in surveillance during DNA replication, but its specific roles remain unknown. Here we show that hBLM can suppress both the temperature-sensitive growth defect and the DNA damage sensitivity of the yeast DNA replication mutant dna2-1. The dna2-1 mutant is defective in a helicase-nuclease that is required either to coordinate with the crucial Saccharomyces cerevisiae (sc) FEN1 nuclease in Okazaki fragment maturation or to compensate for scFEN1 when its activity is impaired. We show that human BLM interacts with both scDna2 and scFEN1 by using coimmunoprecipitation from yeast extracts, suggesting that human BLM participates in the same steps of DNA replication or repair as scFEN1 and scDna2.
Meningiomas: A Comparative Study of 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE for Molecular Imaging in Mice

Purpose The goal of this study was to compare the tumor uptake kinetics and diagnostic value of three 68Ga-DOTA-labeled somatostatin analogues (68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC, and 68Ga-DOTATATE) using PET/CT in a murine model with subcutaneous meningioma xenografts. Methods The experiment was performed with 16 male NUDE NU/NU mice bearing xenografts of a human meningioma cell line (CH-157MN). 68Ga-DOTATOC, 68Ga-DOTANOC, and 68Ga-DOTATATE were produced in a FASTLab automated platform. Imaging was performed on an Argus small-animal PET/CT scanner. The SUVmax of the liver and muscle, and the tumor-to-liver (T/L) and tumor-to-muscle (T/M) SUV ratios were computed. Kinetic analysis was performed using Logan graphical analysis for a two-tissue reversible compartmental model, and the volume of distribution (Vt) was determined. Results Hepatic SUVmax and Vt were significantly higher with 68Ga-DOTANOC than with 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-DOTATATE. No significant differences between tracers were found for SUVmax in tumor or muscle. No differences were found in the T/L SUV ratio between 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATOC, both of which had a higher fraction than 68Ga-DOTANOC. The T/M SUV ratio was significantly higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE than with 68Ga-DOTATOC and 68Ga-DOTANOC. The Vt for tumor was higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE than with 68Ga-DOTANOC and relatively similar to that of 68Ga-DOTATOC. Conclusions This study demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of the three radiolabeled somatostatin analogues tested to image a human meningioma cell line. Although Vt was relatively similar with 68Ga-DOTATATE and 68Ga-DOTATOC, uptake was higher with 68Ga-DOTATATE in the tumor than with 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-DOTATOC, suggesting a higher diagnostic value of 68Ga-DOTATATE for detecting meningiomas.