Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Aggregation by Joint Modeling of Aspects and Values

We present a model for aggregation of product review snippets by joint aspect identification and sentiment analysis. Our model simultaneously identifies an underlying set of ratable aspects presented in the reviews of a product (e.g., sushi and miso for a Japanese restaurant) and determines the corresponding sentiment of each aspect. This approach directly enables discovery of highly-rated or inconsistent aspects of a product. Our generative model admits an efficient variational mean-field inference algorithm. It is also easily extensible, and we describe several modifications and their effects on model structure and inference. We test our model on two tasks, joint aspect identification and sentiment analysis on a set of Yelp reviews and aspect identification alone on a set of medical summaries. We evaluate the performance of the model on aspect identification, sentiment analysis, and per-word labeling accuracy. We demonstrate that our model outperforms applicable baselines by a considerable margin, yielding up to 32% relative error reduction on aspect identification and up to 20% relative error reduction on sentiment analysis.
Leveraging Text Data for Word Segmentation for Underresourced Languages

In this contribution we show how to exploit text data to support word discovery from audio input in an underresourced target language. Given audio, of which a certain amount is transcribed at the word level, and additional unrelated text data, the approach is able to learn a probabilistic mapping from acoustic units to characters and utilize it to segment the audio data into words without the need of a pronunciation dictionary. This is achieved by three components: an unsupervised acoustic unit discovery system, a supervisedly trained acoustic unit-to-grapheme converter, and a word discovery system, which is initialized with a language model trained on the text data. Experiments for multiple setups show that the initialization of the language model with text data improves the word segementation performance by a large margin.
Impact of a mindfulness stress management program on stress, anxiety, depression and quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with a significant psychological burden throughout the life course of affected women. Thus, use of mindful awareness may be beneficial as an adjunct to conventional medical management of women with PCOS. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted at the Evgenideion Hospital of the Athens University Medical School to explore the impact of an 8-week mindfulness stress management program on measures of depression, anxiety and stress as well as on the quality of life in reproductive age women with PCOS. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Twenty-three and 15 women with PCOS were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group, respectively. All participants were administered DASS21, PSS-14, PCOSQ, Daily Life and General Life Satisfaction Questionnaires and provided three-timed daily samples of salivary cortisol, before and after the intervention. Intervention group participants were provided with the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire at the day of enrolment, to check for possible placebo effect on the outcome. Post-intervention, between-group results revealed statistically significant reductions in stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as in salivary cortisol concentrations, along with an increase in Life Satisfaction and Quality of Life scores in the intervention group only. There was no significant “placebo” effect on the outcome measures. Mindfulness techniques seem promising in ameliorating stress, anxiety, depression and the quality of life in women with PCOS and could be used as an adjunct method to the conventional management of these women.
Mutual inhibition among postmitotic neurons regulates robustness of brain wiring in Drosophila

Brain connectivity maps display a delicate balance between individual variation and stereotypy, suggesting the existence of dedicated mechanisms that simultaneously permit and limit individual variation. We show that during the development of the Drosophila central nervous system, mutual inhibition among groups of neighboring postmitotic neurons during development regulates the robustness of axon target choice in a nondeterministic neuronal circuit. Specifically, neighboring postmitotic neurons communicate through Notch signaling during axonal targeting, to ensure balanced alternative axon target choices without a corresponding change in cell fate. Loss of Notch in postmitotic neurons modulates an axon's target choice. However, because neighboring axons respond by choosing the complementary target, the stereotyped connectivity pattern is preserved. In contrast, loss of Notch in clones of neighboring postmitotic neurons results in erroneous coinnervation by multiple axons. Our observations establish mutual inhibition of axonal target choice as a robustness mechanism for brain wiring and unveil a novel cell fate independent function for canonical Notch signaling. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.00337. 001
Interconnect Synthesis for Lithography and Manufacturability in Deep Submicron Design

Effective design for large VLSI systems requires abstraction; problems are simply too complex to be addressed directly. To obtain good results, it is necessary that the abstractions still capture the basic nature of the problem. Deep submicron lithography has placed new constraints on circuit layout; these constraints are frequently counterintuitive, and are hard to model with current design rules. When design tools ignore the constraints, there is a need for a great deal of “back end” work to fix violations–the difficulty of these fixes has resulted in a push towards very restrictive design rules. To enable aggressive design without major violations, better abstractions are needed. In this paper, we focus on circuit interconnect, and develop a “straw man” approach to considering the lithography and manufacturability challenges of deep submicron design. We propose Mead-and-Conway style rules, and the concept of a “virtual layer” to separate mask-based constraints from silicon-based constraints. We also discuss a prototype routing tool that uses the virtual layer approach.
Electromagnetic shielding of multiwalled, bamboo-like carbon nanotube/methyl vinyl silicone composite prepared by liquid blending

Multiwalled, bamboo-like carbon nanotube (BCNT)/methyl vinyl silicone (MVQ) composites with different concentrations of BCNT were fabricated by liquid blending method with an aim to investigate the behavior of such composites as effective electromagnetic interference shielding material in the frequency range of 1–6 GHz. The morphology and structure of BCNT were characterized and elucidated. Scanning electron microscopy examination showed that the BCNTs homogeneously dispersed in MVQ. The electrical conductivity (σ) and shielding effectiveness (SE) of the composite were measured and discussed. The results showed that the BCNTs/MVQ composites had a relatively low percolation threshold at 0.92 wt. % BCNT, and the σ showed a decreasing linear relation with temperature, i.e., the σ slightly decreased with increasing temperature. The BCNTs/MVQ composites with SE of 33–38 dB were obtained at 7 wt. % BCNT loading. Shielding mechanism was studied by resolving the total incident energy into absorbed, reflected, and transmitted contribution, and the result showed that the dominated shielding mechanism was reflection loss.
Coded Auxiliary Pilots for Channel Estimation in FBMC-OQAM Systems

In this paper, we propose a novel scattered pilot method for channel estimation in filter-bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) systems. We refer to this as the coded auxiliary pilot (CAP) method. It builds on the idea of using a few auxiliary pilot (AP) symbols to eliminate the imaginary interference on each scattered pilot. At the same time, to keep the spectral efficiency of transmission high, the AP symbols are coded to also carry information symbols. Theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the CAP method can maintain high spectral efficiency and high power efficiency, while achieving complete imaginary interference cancelation. Taking the spectral and power efficiency, the imaginary interference cancelation performance, and the coding/decoding complexity into consideration, the CAP method with two to four AP symbols is identified as a good compromised choice for practice.
Effects of Endothelial Dysfunction on Residual Platelet Aggregability After Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Aspirin and Clopidogrel in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Background—Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is widely used in patients with coronary stents. High residual platelet reactivity (high RPR) after dual antiplatelet therapy is associated with increased cardiovascular events. Endothelial function could affect platelet reactivity in vivo. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction could be associated with high RPR after dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Methods and Results—We screened patients with stable coronary artery disease for cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 genotypes and enrolled 103 patients who lacked CYP2C19*2 or *3 loss-of-function allele to minimize the effect of this gene on high RPR. All patients received aspirin (100 mg/d) and clopidogrel (75 mg/d for long-term treatment or a loading dose of 300 mg) before the following tests. Platelet aggregability was assessed as P2Y12 reaction unit using the VerifyNow System. High RPR was defined as P2Y12 reaction unit ≥230. Peripheral endothelial function was expressed as reactive hyperemia index using reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry. Fifty-three patients exhibited high RPR. High RPR patients were significantly older, had higher levels of B-type natriuretic peptide, and were predominantly hypertensive compared with non–high RPR patients. Reactive hyperemia index was significantly lower in high RPR patients (0.46±0.15) compared with non–high RPR patients (0.61±0.18; P<0.001). Linear regression analysis demonstrated significant negative correlation between reactive hyperemia index and P2Y12 reaction unit (r=−0.32; P=0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified reactive hyperemia index as an independent and significant determinant of high RPR (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.39–0.78; P=0.001). Conclusions—In patients with stable coronary artery disease, endothelial function was significantly impaired in high RPR patients. Endothelial dysfunction is independently correlated with high RPR after dual antiplatelet therapy. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.umin. ac.jp/ctr. Unique identifier: UMIN000008239.
Reproductive biology and mating system estimates of two Andean melocacti, Melocactus schatzlii and M. andinus (Cactaceae).

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The genus Melocactus comprises 36 species of globose cacti with the most derived traits in the Cereeae tribe. It is the proper study system to examine what are the most derived reproductive strategies within that tribe. This study aims to characterize the reproductive biology and to estimate the mating system parameters of two Andean melocacti, Melocactus schatzlii and M. andinus. METHODS The reproductive attributes of the two species were described, including floral morphology, anthesis patterns, floral rewards, floral visitors and visitation patterns. Levels of self-compatibility and autonomous self-pollination were estimated by hand-pollination experiments. Mating system estimates were obtained by conducting progeny array analyses using isozymes. KEY RESULTS The flowers of the two species present the typical hummingbird-pollination syndrome. Despite their morphological resemblance, the two species differ in flower size, pollen and ovule production and anthesis pattern. Their main pollinator agents are hummingbirds, four species in M. schatzlii and one species in M. andinus. Both cacti are self-compatible and capable of self-pollination without the aid of pollen vectors. Population-level outcrossing rate was higher for M. schatzlii (t(m)=0.9) than for M. andinus (t(m)=0.4). At the family level, outcrossing rates for most mothers of M. schatzlii were higher (t(m)>0.8) than for M. andinus (t(m)<0.5). CONCLUSIONS Although the two cacti are capable of selfing, M. schatzlii is a predominantly outcrossing species, while M. andinus behaves as a mixed-mating cactus. Hummingbirds are the only pollinators responsible for outcrossing and gene flow events in these species. In their absence, both melocacti set seeds by selfing. Based on its low population size, restricted distribution in Venezuela, low rates of floral visits, and high levels of inbreeding, M. andinus is considered to be an endangered species deserving further study to define its conservation status.
LXV. On the theory of the low-temperature internal friction peak observed in metals

Abstract Recent data by Niblett and Wilks on polycrystalline copper suggest that the low-temperature internal friction mechanism in metals first observed by Bordoni is determined by intrinsic properties of dislocations. This is contrary to an explanation by Mason according to which the activation energy of the process should depend on the impurity content of the material and the separation between dislocation nodes. A mechanism proposed elsewhere seems to account for all the major features of the experimental results. The relaxation phenomenon is thought to be due to dislocations which are confined by the Peierls stress to certain crystallographic directions. Under the combined action of thermal fluctuations and the applied stress they may form pairs of kinks. Internal friction peaks are observed if the frequency of the applied alternating shear stress is equal to the frequency of the formation of these kink pairs. The Peierls stresses deduced from the experimental results are rather large, being of the o.
LIFETIME MAXIMIZATION OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS USING ODTS ALGORITHM

In WSN communication lifetime is very important issue. It can be achieved by less energy consumption and good energy balancing for sensor nodes. Many researchers are working on network lifetime maximization and have developed effective transmission strategies. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is one of the intelligence methods and has gained popularity now days. Here, in this paper, WSN network lifetime maximization achieved in terms of ACO algorithm. The next neighbor node of the routing is getting selected by the distance to sink, residual energy of the next node and average energy of the path. And WSN lifetime maximization is achieved by Most Energy Efficient Distance (MEED) and Most Energy Balanced Distance (MEBD). Keywords— Ant Colony Optimization;Most Energy Efficient Distance and Most Energy Balanced Distance _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A New Segmentation Algorithm Combined with Transient Frames Power for Text Independent Speaker Verification

In this paper we propose a new segmentation algorithm called delta MFCC based speech segmentation (DMFCC-SS), with application to speaker recognition systems. We show that DMFCC-SS can separate the regions of speech that result from similar likelihood scores using models such as a Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and can therefore be used to identify the regions of speech between two transitional states in a speech signal. By combining this segmentation algorithm with the discriminative power of transient frames in speaker recognition, we can investigate the tradeoff in speed-up rates that result from DMFCC-SS, with speaker verification equal error rates that result from representatives of each segment. We use a universal background model Gaussian mixture model (UBM-GMM) as a baseline system. The proposed speed-up algorithm, working in the pre-processing stage, performs well while having no computational load compared to the main GMM system. Experimental results show the superior performance of this pre-processing method in comparison with other algorithms working in the pre-processing stage of a UBM-GMM system.
Detection of anomalous driving behaviors by unsupervised learning of graphs

In this paper we propose a graph based approach for detecting abnormal behaviors starting from the analysis of vehicles' trajectories. The scene is partitioned into zones and is dynamically represented as a graph by evaluating the distribution of trajectories belonging to the training set. Furthermore, four different strategies are proposed in order to verify if a test trajectory belongs to the scene and then can be considered normal by evaluating the probability that this trajectory belongs to the graph. Our algorithms have been tested on the standard MIT Trajectories dataset and the obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Testing Clonal Relatedness of Tumors Using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization: A Statistical Challenge

In recent years several investigative groups have sought to use array technologies that characterize somatic alterations in tumors, such as array comparative genomic hybridization (ACGH), to classify pairs of tumors from the same patients as either independent primary cancers or metastases. A wide variety of strategies have been proposed. Several groups have endeavored to use hierarchical clustering for this purpose. This technique was popularized in genomics as a means of finding clusters of patients with similar gene expression patterns with a view to finding subcategories of tumors with distinct clinical characteristics. Unfortunately, this method is not well suited to the problem of classifying individual pairs of tumors as either clonal or independent. In this article we show why hierarchical clustering is unsuitable for this purpose, and why this method has the paradoxical property of producing a declining probability that clonal tumor pairs will be correctly identified as more information is accrued (i.e., more patients). We discuss alternative strategies that have been proposed, which are based on more conventional conceptual formulations for statistical testing and diagnosis, and point to the remaining challenges in constructing valid and robust techniques for this problem. Clin Cancer Res; 16(5); 1358–67
Message from the WiP Chair

This paper presents an empirical study of the impact of Object Oriented Programming Implementation in C on the memory and execution time of a fixed-point Digital Signal Processor from Texas Instruments; TMS320C6418 [1]. Actually, the objectoriented approach introduces a significant performance penalty compared to classical procedural programming. One can find the studies of the object-oriented penalty on the system in terms of execution time and memory allocation in the literature. Since, to the author’s best knowledge the study of the overheads of Object Oriented Programming implementation in C for the embedded systems is not widely published in the literature. Besides, it is possible to implement Object Oriented Design in a procedural language. The basic Object Oriented Programming features can be implemented in C such as creating objects, polymorphism, virtual functions, sub-classing, and inheritance. The main contribution of the paper is to bring further evidence that embedded system software developers have to consider the complexity and performance of Object Oriented Programming implementation in C in the embedded system programming. The results of the experiment show that Object Oriented Programming implementation in C adds significant complexity to the system, although it gives almost the same memory allocation and performance results as Object Oriented Programming implementation in an object-oriented language such as C++.
Feasibility Study of Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Hot Cracking in GTAW Weld

Acoustic emission testing can be used to detect the energy emitted from material fracture and the advantage of this method is the real time monitoring, however the weld metal discontinuities are normally inspected by using conventional NDT methods such as Penetrant Testing (PT), Magnetic particle Testing (MT), Ultrasonic Testing (UT) and Radiographic Testing (RT) after the completion of welding. The weld defect must be repaired, which involves the cost and consumes a lot of time as well as reduce the reliability of manufactures. This paper presents the application of acoustic emission (AE) technique for monitoring and detecting the discontinuities during welding. In this study, gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was selected as test process. Carbon steel plate and autogenous welding technique were used to simulate the hot crack. The data acquisition (DAQ) and AE sensor were used to capture the acoustic signal generated during welding. The AE signals were amplified and filtered by using preamplifier. Then, signals were modified by wavelet transforms (WT) technique and classified by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique. The results showed the possibility to use AE technique for monitoring and detecting the low signal amplitude generated from crack by using frequency domain. The advantage of this research is to propose the technique for monitoring the weld metal discontinuities during welding.
Radial shock wave therapy for lateral epicondylitis: a prospective randomised controlled single-blind study.

AIM Despite the lateral epicondylitis or tennis elbow is a common cause of pain in orthopaedic and sports medicine, the results of the different modalities of conservative treatment are still contradictory. The pourpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radial shock wave therapy (RSWT) in the treatment of tennis elbow. METHODS In a prospective randomized controlled single-blind study, of 75 eligible patients, 62 with tennis elbow were randomly assigned to study group and control group. There were 31 patients in the study group and 31 patients in the control group. Both groups had received a treatment a week for 4 weeks; the study group had received 2000 impulses of RSWT and the control group 20 impulses of RSWT. All patients were evaluated 3 times: before treatment, at the end of treatment and to 6 months follow-up. The evaluation consisted of assessments of pain, pain-free grip strength test, and functional impairment. RESULTS Statistical analysis of visual analogue scale (VAS), disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire and pain-free grip strength test scores has shown, both after treatment and to the follow-up at 6 months, significant difference comparing study group versus control group (P <0.001). Statistical analysis within the groups, showed always statistically significant values for the study group. Also the control group showed statistically significant differences for some analyzed parameters. Nevertheless such differences resulted to be more statistics that not clinics as it showed the percentage of satisfied patients in the study group (87% post-treatment; 84% follow-up) in comparison with that of the control group (10% post-treatment; 3% follow-up), and the number needed to treat (NNT) that is of 1.15 at post-treatment and of 1.25 to the 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSION The use of RSWT allowed a decrease of pain, and functional impairment, and an increase of the pain-free grip strength test, in patients with tennis elbow. The RSWT is safe and effective and must be considered as possible therapy for the treatment of patients with tennis elbow.