Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inverse Boundary Value Problems for Systems of Partial Differential Equations.

We describe the main results and the ideas of the proofs in the papers [E] and [ER2] (see References). In addition, we simplify the construction of asymptotic solutions in [E], using the results of [ER2], and we simplify the proof of estimate (3.9) that was given in [ER2].
Ieee Transactions on Industrial Informatics 1 Guest Editorial Special Section on Intelligent Video Systems and Analytics

I NTELLIGENT video systems and analytics technology have been substantially driven and demanded by recent advanced electronics technology, industrial applications, and the booming market. This Special Section highlights the state-of-the-art and future challenges via the eleven selected papers. The first two papers contribute to video systems architecture and real-time classification/recognition application. Wang et al. develop an application-oriented service share model, enabling various computer vision algorithms integrated into a workable system with high scalability. Kafai and Bhanu demonstrate a robust and complete video-based vehicle classification system based on the rear-side view. Si et al. integrate a set of novel algorithms to effectively enhance the overall performance of iris recognition systems. This Special Section also presents recent efforts on solving classic video problems. Chen et al. improve background subtraction algorithm based on the combination of segmented regions and pixel descriptors to accommodate the conditions of different objects. Tsai et al. present a dissimilarity measure based on the optical-flow technique for surface defect detection. Tan et al. combine smoothen 2D histogram and Gaussian model for automatic skin detection in color images to achieve lower computational cost with improved recognition accuracy. Zhang et al. propose a method extended from fuzzy genetic algorithm to boost the computing efficiency of covariance matching, its performance is significantly superior to its counterparts using exhaustive search. Jin et al. present real-time face detection using cascades of boosted classifiers. The last three papers give priority to the fast-growing topics of 3D gesture recognition and 3D reconstruction. Cao et al. identify key poses by utilizing manifold learning technique to recover the geometric structure of descriptors in a lower dimensional manifold space. Tran and Trivedi present a 3D gesture recognition approach for human computer interactivity based on marker-less upper body pose tracking with 90% average classification accuracy. Nielsen et al. demonstrate an automated technique on thinning of peach blossoms on perpendicular V-architecture trees via a correlation-based stereo mapping. This Special Section is timely and has achieved its aim with profound responses in booming research and technology transfer in intelligent video/camera systems and analytics, it has been successfully completed with cross-disciplinary efforts. We would like to, first of all, thank all the authors who have submitted papers to this Special Section for their contribution and support in intelligent video systems and analytics. Second, we are truly grateful for the efforts and patience of the reviewers whose expertise guarantee the outstanding quality of the …
NonStop SQL , A Distributed , High-Performance , High-Availability Implementation of SQL The Tandem Database Group April 1987

NonStop SQL is an implementation of ANSI SQL on Tandem Computer Systems. It provides distributed data and distributed execution. It can run on small computers and has been benchmarked at over 200 transactions per second on a large system. Hence, it is useable in both the information center and in production environments. NonStop SQL provides high-availability through a combination of NonStop device support and transaction mechanisms. The combination of SQL semantics and a message-based distributed operating system gives a surprising result: the message savings of a relational interface pay for the extra semantics of the SQL language when compared to record-at-a-time interfaces. This paper presents the system's design rational, and contrasts it to previous research prototypes and to other SQL implementations.
Expressive, Interactive Robots: Tools, Techniques, and Insights based on Collaborations

—In our experience, a robot designer, behavior ar-chitect, and animator must work closely together to create an interactive robot with expressive, dynamic behavior. This paper describes lessons learned from these collaborations, as well as a set of tools and techniques developed to help facilitate the collaboration. The guiding principles of these tools and techniques are to allow each collaborator maximum ﬂexibility with their role and shield them from distracting complexities, while facilitating the integration of their efforts, propagating important constraints to all parties, and minimizing redundant or automatable tasks. We focus on three areas: (1) how the animator shares their creations with the behavior architect, (2) how the behavior architect integrates artistic content into dynamic behavior, and (3) how that behavior is performed on the physical robot.
Spatial splits in bounding volume hierarchies

Bounding volume hierarchies (BVH) have become a widely used alternative to kD-trees as the acceleration structure of choice in modern ray tracing systems. However, BVHs adapt poorly to non-uniformly tessellated scenes, which leads to increased ray shooting costs. This paper presents a novel and practical BVH construction algorithm, which addresses the issue by utilizing spatial splitting similar to kD-trees. In contrast to previous preprocessing approaches, our method uses the surface area heuristic to control primitive splitting during tree construction. We show that our algorithm produces significantly more efficient hierarchies than other techniques. In addition, user parameters that directly influence splitting are eliminated, making the algorithm easily controllable.
Don't Look Here: Off-Limits Words Bias Play in the ESP Game

Social computation is a paradigm in which a software application supports social interaction, but whose real purpose is the data trail that is left by that interaction, such as tags, recommendations, and so on. We explore a possible imperfection in the data that is generated by these games. Specifically, we investigate whether the data generated by previous participants influences the data that is generated by subsequent participants. We investigate this in the context of the ESP game. A feature of the ESP game is that words that have been generated by previous players are off-limits to subsequent players. The idea of this feature is to ensure that the system accumulates a variety of different words for each image. We consider the possibility that ironically, players are actually biased to suggest words that are related to the taboo words themselves. Based on anchoring and priming theories, we predict that the words players suggest will be related to the taboo words, and that this phenomenon will limit the variety of words that are collected for a given image. An empirical experiment confirms these predictions. This effect threatens to limit the potential value of socially generated information in many applications including recommender systems and ESP-like tagging systems, where later contributors are exposed to the inputs provided by earlier contributors.
Testing hypotheses for the functions of APC family proteins using null and truncation alleles in Drosophila

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is mutated in colon cancers. During normal development, APC proteins are essential negative regulators of Wnt signaling and have cytoskeletal functions. Many functions have been proposed for APC proteins, but these have often rested on dominant-negative or partial loss-of-function approaches. Thus, despite intense interest in APC, significant questions remain about its full range of cellular functions and about how mutations in the gene affect these. We isolated six new alleles of Drosophila APC2. Two resemble the truncation alleles found in human tumors and one is a protein null. We generated ovaries and embryos null for both APC2 and APC1, and assessed the consequences of total loss of APC function, allowing us to test several previous hypotheses. Surprisingly, although complete loss of APC1 and APC2 resulted in strong activation of Wingless signaling, it did not substantially alter cell viability, cadherin-based adhesion, spindle morphology, orientation or selection of division plane, as predicted from previous studies. We also tested the hypothesis that truncated APC proteins found in tumors are dominant negative. Two mutant proteins have dominant effects on cytoskeletal regulation, affecting Wnt-independent nuclear retention in syncytial embryos. However, they do not have dominant-negative effects on Wnt signaling.
Concept Level Matching of Geospatial Ontologies A methodology and tool support for semi-automatic alignment of heterogeneous geospatial ontologies

The problem of querying geospatial databases in a distributed environment can be resolved by aligning the ontologies that describe each database. The alignment process consists of establishing mappings between related concepts in the ontologies. Once such mappings are established, data can be integrated. In particular, a query written in terms of an ontology can be translated into queries on the other ontologies. We discuss alignment in two different architectures – centralized and peer-to-peer – and give real-world examples of geospatial data to illustrate our alignment process. The alignment process is based on certain mapping types. Our alignment methods are semi-automatic and are supported by a tool. We give experimental results in which we show that approximately one fifth of the mappings can be established automatically using our method.
Understanding Source Code Differences by Separating Refactoring Effects

Comparing and understanding differences between old and new versions of source code are necessary in various software development situations. However, if refactoring is applied between those versions, then the source code differences are more complicated, and understanding them becomes more difficult. Although many techniques for extracting refactoring effects from the differences have been studied, it is necessary to exclude the extracted refactorings' effects and reconstruct the differences for meaningful and understandable ones with no refactoring effect. As described in this paper, we propose a novel technique to address this difficulty. Using our technique, we extract the refactoring effects and then apply them to the old version of source code to produce the differences without refactoring effects. We also implemented a support tool that helps separate refactorings automatically. An evaluation of open source software showed that our tool is applicable to all target refactorings. Our technique is therefore useful in real situations. Evaluation testing also demonstrated that the approach reduced the code differences more than 21%, on average, and that developers can understand more changes from the differences using our approach than when using the original one in the same limited time.
Konrad-zuse-zentrum F ¨ Ur Informationstechnik Berlin Design of Broadband Virtual Private Networks: Model and Heuristics for the B–win Model and Heuristics for the B{win

We investigate the problem of designing survivable broadband virtual private networks that employ the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol to route the packages. The capacities available for the links of the network are a minimal capacity plus multiples of a unit capacity. Given the directed communication demands between all pairs of nodes, we wish to select the capacities in a such way, that even in case of a single node or a single link failure a speciied percentage of each demand can be satissed and the costs for these capacities are minimal. We present a mixed{integer linear programming formulation of this problem and several heuristics for its solution. Furthermore, we report on computational results with real-world data.
Reduced-complexity decoding of LT codes over noisy channels

We propose an adaptive decoding scheme for Luby Transform (LT) codes over noisy channels which exhibits lower complexity as compared to the conventional LT decoder. The corresponding modified degree distributions have been derived for the low-complexity LT decoder. The complexity and performance comparison demonstrate that the decoding complexity can be reduced with negligible degradation in bit error rate performance.
Comparison between back-to-back and matrix converter drives under faulty conditions

This paper presents a comparison study between the operation of a back-to-back and a matrix converter induction motor drive under the presence of faults in the power switches of these converters. These two topologies are functionally equivalent in terms of input power quality and energy regeneration capabilities but need to be compared in terms of performance under faulty conditions as well due to the high number of switches involved in these two converters. In particular, the total waveform distortion of the input/output currents of the two converters and the motor torque oscillations were measured with the aim to determine which converter performs better under faulty conditions. Based on simulation results obtained with a detailed model of the two drive systems, it is shown that the distortions of the input/output currents caused by a single-fault in a matrix converter are approximately identical to the ones that appear in a back-to-back converter with two faults, one in the rectifier stage and the other one in the inverter stage. On the other hand, the back-to-back converter is perfectly capable of operating with an open-circuit fault provided that it is located in the rectifier stage, being the operation of the motor practically unaffected in that case. In general terms it can be said that due to the absence of an energy storage element, the matrix converter is particular sensitive to the appearance of faults. The back-to-back converter, on the other hand, is capable of maintaining a better quality of operation of the motor under faulty conditions, provided that the faults are not located in the inverter stage.
A survey on phrase structure learning methods for text classification

Text classification is a task of automatic classification of text into one of the predefined categories. The problem of text classification has been widely studied in different communities like natural language processing, data mining and information retrieval. Text classification is an important constituent in many information management tasks like topic identification, spam filtering, email routing, language identification, genre classification, readability assessment etc. The performance of text classification improves notably when phrase patterns are used. The use of phrase patterns helps in capturing non-local behaviours and thus helps in the improvement of text classification task. Phrase structure extraction is the first step to continue with the phrase pattern identification. In this survey, detailed study of phrase structure learning methods have been carried out. This will enable future work in several NLP tasks, which uses syntactic information from phrase structure like grammar checkers, question answering, information extraction, machine translation, text classification. The paper also provides different levels of classification and detailed comparison of the phrase structure learning methods.
Aerodynamics analysis on solar car body based on FLUENT

The development of solar car has a pivotal role of easing the energy crisis. Because solar car has a low power, it is necessary to have a body with a lower aerodynamic drag coefficient. Along with development of computer technology, computational fluid dynamics is also getting more and more important in the automobile aerodynamics research. In this atricle, We created a solar car body model with 1:1 using CATIA and then we a built a three-dimensional flow field numerical simulation model. Finally, we calculated drag coefficient and aerodynamic lift coefficient using FLUENT. The design of solar car body is verified reasonable and relevant datas are provided for the design of solar car body in the future.
FPGA Based Object Tracking System

This Paper presents an object tracking system based on FPGA using canny edge detection Algorithm. The system consists of canny edge detection algorithm implemented on FPGA kit to identify edges of real time object. Also a tracking and reorganization of object is done by Smartphone camera. Canny edge detection algorithm is key stage in image processing and object recognizing application. The field programmable gate array contains logic componants that can be programmed to perform complex mathematical functions making them highly suitable for the implementation of matrix algorithm. Individual frames acquired from the target video are fed into the FPGA. These are then subject to segmentation, threasholding, filtering stages. Following these the object is tracked by comparing the background frame and the processed updated frame containing the new location of the target. The result of the FPGA implementation in tracking a moving object were found to be correct and suitable for object tracking.
Balanced Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Activities of EDS1 Are Required for a Complete Plant Innate Immune Response

An important layer of plant innate immunity to host-adapted pathogens is conferred by intracellular nucleotide-binding/oligomerization domain-leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR) receptors recognizing specific microbial effectors. Signaling from activated receptors of the TIR (Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor)-NB-LRR class converges on the nucleo-cytoplasmic immune regulator EDS1 (Enhanced Disease Susceptibility1). In this report we show that a receptor-stimulated increase in accumulation of nuclear EDS1 precedes or coincides with the EDS1-dependent induction and repression of defense-related genes. EDS1 is capable of nuclear transport receptor-mediated shuttling between the cytoplasm and nucleus. By enhancing EDS1 export from inside nuclei (through attachment of an additional nuclear export sequence (NES)) or conditionally releasing EDS1 to the nucleus (by fusion to a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)) in transgenic Arabidopsis we establish that the EDS1 nuclear pool is essential for resistance to biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens and for transcriptional reprogramming. Evidence points to post-transcriptional processes regulating receptor-triggered accumulation of EDS1 in nuclei. Changes in nuclear EDS1 levels become equilibrated with the cytoplasmic EDS1 pool and cytoplasmic EDS1 is needed for complete resistance and restriction of host cell death at infection sites. We propose that coordinated nuclear and cytoplasmic activities of EDS1 enable the plant to mount an appropriately balanced immune response to pathogen attack.
The Effects of Status Mobility and Group Identity on Trust

In a laboratory experiment we test the interaction effects of status and group identity on interpersonal trust. Natural group identity is generated by school affiliation. Status (expert or agent) is awarded based on relative performance in a math quiz that is ex ante less favorable to the subjects from one group. We find that "promoted" trustors (individuals from the disadvantaged group that nevertheless achieve the status of expert) trust less both in-group and out-group trustees, compared to the other members of their group. Rather than playing against the effects of natural group identity, status promotion singles-out individuals. In contrast, trustworthiness is not affected by status and there is no evidence that interacting with promoted individuals impacts trust or trustworthiness.
Wireless biopotential signals acquisition system

In this paper, we present a low power wireless system based on a MSP430 based system-on-chip for biopotential signals acquisition. The system is capable of recording up to 12 ksps from up to 4 channels with independent gain and a 1 Hz to 5 kHz bandwidth. The gain for each channel may vary from 2.5 kV/V to 68 kV/V, being able to adapt signals in a range of 20 μV to 1 mV, to be digitalized in a 12 bits ADC. The system consists of 2 modules, which communicate wirelessly with each other via a 915 MHz link, with Minimum-shift keying (MSK) modulation. The communication reaches 358 kbps of transmission rate, with less than 2% of packets lost without retransmissions, within a 5 meters range. One of the modules is wired to a PC via a USB cable, reaching 921.6 kbps of transmission rate through UART protocol. The wired module is powered through the USB port, whereas the wireless module is powered with 2 AAA batteries, lasting for more than 24 hours of operation. A Matlab toolbox was developed in order to facilitate the data storage, system configuration as well as collected data analysis.
Prognostic implications of intima-media thickness and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries in patients with stable angina pectoris.

BACKGROUND Ultrasonographic assessments of intima-media thickness and plaques in the carotid artery are widely used as surrogate markers for coronary atherosclerosis, but prospective evaluations are scarce and appear to be lacking in patients with coronary artery disease. Ultrasonographic evaluations of femoral vascular changes have not been studied prospectively. METHODS AND RESULTS In the Angina Prognosis Study in Stockholm (APSIS), 809 patients with stable angina pectoris were studied prospectively during double-blind treatment with verapamil or metoprolol. Ultrasonographic assessments of intima-media thickness, lumen diameter and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries were evaluated in a subgroup of 558 patients (182 females) with a mean age of 60 +/-7 years, and related to the risk of cardiovascular death (n = 18) or non-fatal myocardial infarction (n = 26), or revascularization (n = 70) during follow-up (median 3.0 years). Univariate Cox regression analyses showed that carotid intima-media thickness and plaques were related to the risk of cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction. Femoral intima-media thickness was related to cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction, as well as to revascularization, whereas femoral plaques were only related to the latter. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking, previous cardiovascular disease and lipid status, carotid intima-media thickness failed to predict any cardiovascular event, whereas carotid plaques tended (P = 0.056) to predict the risk of cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction. Femoral intima-media thickness (P < 0.01) and plaques (P < 0.05) were also related to the risk of revascularization after adjustments. CONCLUSIONS Carotid and femoral vascular changes were differently related to cardiovascular events. Carotid intima-media thickness was a weak predictor of events, whereas femoral intima-media thickness predicted revascularization. Plaques in the carotid artery were related to cardiovascular death or non-fatal myocardial infarction, whereas plaques in the femoral artery were related to revascularization. Evaluations of plaques provided better prediction than assessments of intima-media thickness in patients with stable angina.