Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Video Event Detection by Exploiting Word Dependencies from Image Captions

Video event detection is a challenging problem in information and multimedia retrieval. Different from single action detection, event detection requires a richer level of semantic information from video. In order to overcome this challenge, existing solutions often represent videos using high level features such as concepts. However, concept-based representation can be confusing because it does not encode the relationship between concepts. This issue can be addressed by exploiting the co-occurrences of the concepts, however, it often leads to a very huge number of possible combinations. In this paper, we propose a new approach to obtain the relationship between concepts by exploiting the syntactic dependencies between words in the image captions. The main advantage of this approach is that it significantly reduces the number of informative combinations between concepts. We conduct extensive experiments to analyze the effectiveness of using the new dependency representation for event detection on two large-scale TRECVID Multimedia Event Detection 2013 and 2014 datasets. Experimental results show that i) Dependency features are more discriminative than concept-based features. ii) Dependency features can be combined with our current event detection system to further improve the performance. For instance, the relative improvement can be as far as 8.6% on the MEDTEST14 10Ex setting.
Investigating Incentives for Students to Provide Peer Feedback in a Semi-Open Online Course: An Experimental Study

In open online learning courses such as MOOCs, peer feedback has been regarded as a powerful method to give elaborated feedback on weekly assignments. Yet motivating students to invest effort in peer feedback on top of existing work load is difficult. Students might give insufficient feedback or do not give feedback at all. Students' hesitation to provide feedback might be related to the lack of visibility of spent effort during feedback provision. Alternatively, students might provide less feedback due to lack of perceived benefits. In this study, we investigated the effect of two incentive types on peer feedback provision on weekly assignments. In total, 91 students enrolled in a semi-open online course were announced to receive either (1) a peer rating on their feedback or (2) open access to assignment solutions or (3) no incentive. Results indicate that the incentive type did not affect feedback provision in general, yet it had an impact on the content of the feedback. Students receiving (1) a rating-feedback incentive wrote longer and more specific feedback in comparison to students receiving (2) an information-access incentive or (3) no incentive. Results contribute to findings from peer assessment research that students are more likely to provide detailed feedback if students feel that feedback is attended to. Furthermore, results inform teachers and practitioners on how to encourage students to provide peer feedback in open learning environments.
Treatment of Behavior Problems in Dogs and Cats: A Guide for the Small Animal Veterinarian

Introduction to pet behaviour counselling. Part 1 Pet behaviour counselling: pets in the human family general nature of dog and cat behaviour problems process of pet behavioural counselling treating behaviour problems practice elements, professionalism and ethical behaviour. Part 2 Canine behavioural problems: understanding dog behaviour general treatment principles 1 - changing owner beliefs and interactive ground rules general treatment principles 2 - obedience training, training in problem situations and behaviour therapy introduction to aggression problems dominance aggression towards family members defensive aggression towards family members defensive aggressions towards human strangers other forms of aggression towards human beings aggression towards other dogs fear problems separation anxiety elimination behaviour problems miscellaneous behavioural problems. Part 3 Feline behavioural problems: understanding cat behaviour urine marking urination and defecation problems fear and aggression problems miscellaneous behaviour problems future of the pet behaviour problem field.
Two-Stage Least Squares Estimation of Average Causal Effects in Models with Variable Treatment Intensity

Abstract Two-stage least squares (TSLS) is widely used in econometrics to estimate parameters in systems of linear simultaneous equations and to solve problems of omitted-variables bias in single-equation estimation. We show here that TSLS can also be used to estimate the average causal effect of variable treatments such as drug dosage, hours of exam preparation, cigarette smoking, and years of schooling. The average causal effect in which we are interested is a conditional expectation of the difference between the outcomes of the treated and what these outcomes would have been in the absence of treatment. Given mild regularity assumptions, the probability limit of TSLS is a weighted average of per-unit average causal effects along the length of an appropriately defined causal response function. The weighting function is illustrated in an empirical example based on the relationship between schooling and earnings.
Nação e Civilização nos Trópicos: o Instituto Histórico Geográfico Brasileiro e o projeto de uma história nacional

This article focuses on the Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute (IHGB) and the historiographical project that it implemented in undertaking the study and writing of the nation's history. Founded in 1838, a time when the model of a centralized national state met with resistance from diverse sectors of Brazilian society, the IHGB was to orient a line for interpreting Brazilian history based on the civilizing and progressive role of the state - first Portuguese and, as of 1822, Brazilian. With its proposal to interpret Brazilian nationality, the Institute was to play a key role in unifying the political and intellectual elites in 19th century Brazil, making a significant contribution to the construction of the myths and the imaginary content of nationality. The Revista do Instituto Historico, which the Institute published on a regular basis from the time of its foundation, became a distinguished forum for discussions of a political and cultural nature revolving around the question of national organization, its bases and content, during hte 19th century. For this reason, it proved to be an indispensable source for analyzing this cultural institution and the scholarship that it produced about Brazil.
Global alignment of deformable objects captured by a single RGB-D camera

We present a novel global registration method for deformable objects captured using a single RGB-D camera. Our algorithm allows objects to undergo large non-rigid deformations, and achieves high quality results without constraining the actor's pose or camera motion. We compute the deformations of all the scans simultaneously by optimizing a global alignment problem to avoid the well-known loop closure problem, and use an as-rigid-as-possible constraint to eliminate the shrinkage problem of the deformed model. To attack large scale problems, we design a coarse-to-fine multi-resolution scheme, which also avoids the optimization being trapped into local minima. The proposed method is evaluated on public datasets and real datasets captured by an RGB-D sensor. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method obtains better results than the state-of-the-art methods.
Phase Analysis of a Variable Gain Amplifier Controlled Through Matching Networks

The phase is an important characteristic for the majority of communications circuits. In this paper a study of the effects in the phase of a type of variable gain amplifier (VGA) is presented. The VGA is controlled through the change in the reactance of the elements in impedance matching networks. Two control parameters are defined to change the gain and phase. Expressions are presented to predict such variations. Design examples of variable gain amplifiers are carried out and graphics for the properties of gain and phase are shown. Although control of these characteristics is not independent, the advantage is that it can be done by a single circuit. Its application in beamforming networks for antenna arrays is discussed.
Association of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase with Risk and Progression of Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma

Background: Metabolic dysregulation has been identified as an “emerging hallmark” of cancer. The heterotrimeric AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) complex is a central regulator of the metabolic system and an important component of the mTOR pathway and the p53 axis, making it uniquely positioned to influence carcinogenesis through its canonical functions in the metabolic arena, as well as through more traditional mechanisms such as regulation of apoptosis and angiogenesis. Methods: We conducted a population-based genetic association study to examine the impact of mutations in AMPK subunit genes on risk of non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We also analyzed public microarray data to determine the expression of AMPK in NHL cells and to assess the influence of AMPK expression on overall survival in patients with NHL. Results: We identified an AMPK subunit haplotype, which was significantly associated with NHL [OR, 5.44, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.15–13.75] in women with no family history of cancer. Haplotypes in two subunits, PRKAA2 and PRKAG3, were nominally associated with the follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma histologic subtypes, respectively, although these associations did not retain statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons. Further, both of these subunits were differentially expressed (P < 0.05) in one or more lymphoma cell type, and higher expression of two versions of the AMPK-β subunit was significantly associated with increased 5-year survival among patients with NHL (P = 0.001 and P = 0.021). Conclusion: These results provide evidence for AMPK involvement in the pathogenesis and progression of NHL. Impact: These findings may lead to a novel area of research into NHL treatment and chemoprevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(4); 736–44. ©2013 AACR.
Operant analysis of cognitive behaviours dependent upon prefrontal and hippocampal systems of the brain

The hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex are two areas of the brain that are fundamental for a wide range of cognitive processes. Studies of both human patients who have incurred damage to these regions, and animals with circumscribed lesions, have led to a variety of theories concerning their contributions to cognitive behaviours. The hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex are connected anatomically, but the behavioural sequelae of experimental lesions have been shown to be dissociable. This thesis investigates the roles of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex in the rat, with a focus on delayed matching working memory tasks. Chapter 4 reports on a study which demonstrated a delay-dependent deficit on retention of delayed matching to position (DMTP) in the Skinner box following prefrontal lesions hippocampal lesions left performance intact. Neither lesion impaired the ability to switch between matching and non-matching rules. Chapter 5 describes an experiment which revealed that neither area was involved in postoperative acquisition of DMTP. Next, rats with lesions of the two main hippocampal pathways were assessed on retention of DMTP in Chapter 6. Lesions of the fornix revealed a delay-independent deficit, whereas entorhinal cortex lesions were without effect. Chapter 7 investigated recognition memory using a spontaneous novelty preference task. None of the lesions impaired performance on this task up to a 2 hour delay, however hippocampal lesions showed an impairment when a spatial component was included. Furthermore, there was a suggestion of both prefrontal and hippocampal involvement when memory for relative recency was assessed. Finally, Chapter 8 investigated a novel task in the Skinner box which combined both rules within one session. This task revealed a surprising pattern of results, with hippocampal lesions producing a dramatic impairment, whilst prefrontal lesions were without effect. Additionally, water maze data provided ample support for a hippocampal role in spatial memory.
Simultaneous Measurement of Amyloid Fibril Formation by Dynamic Light Scattering and Fluorescence Reveals Complex Aggregation Kinetics

An apparatus that combines dynamic light scattering and Thioflavin T fluorescence detection is used to simultaneously probe fibril formation in polyglutamine peptides, the aggregating subunit associated with Huntington's disease, in vitro. Huntington's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder in a class of human pathologies that includes Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. These pathologies are all related by the propensity of their associated protein or polypeptide to form insoluble, β-sheet rich, amyloid fibrils. Despite the wide range of amino acid sequence in the aggregation prone polypeptides associated with these diseases, the resulting amyloids display strikingly similar physical structure, an observation which suggests a physical basis for amyloid fibril formation. Thioflavin T fluorescence reports β-sheet fibril content while dynamic light scattering measures particle size distributions. The combined techniques allow elucidation of complex aggregation kinetics and are used to reveal multiple stages of amyloid fibril formation.
Blinking Lights and Other Revelations: Experiences Designing Hybrid Media Façades

In this work we present our approach prototyping and pretesting hybrid media façades. We utilize a combination of a low-resolution light-emitting diodes (LED) and front projected high-resolution content in order to create multidimensional information layers. Our implementation in the form of a purpose built toolkit empowers designers and architects to prototype hybrid media façades, using low and high resolution simultaneously, quickly and at low cost. We further share our initial experiences through a case study setup and investigated different content settings displayed at varying viewing distances.
Analysis of current hysteresis of SiNW in the aqueous solution depending on measurement biases

The silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensors, one of the most promising candidates of the electrical biosensor transducer, show various peculiar electrical phenomena under the electrolyte environment, including hysteresis occurring in the I–V measurement, which make it difficult to develop reliable biosensor systems. In this paper, we build up an electrical model of the biosensor system comprised of the electrolyte liquid, SiNW and the back-gate substrate. We show that the current hysteresis is caused by the change of liquid charges though the suggested unified electrical model of the electrolyte-SiNW system and presented various experimental results.
Logarithmic Concave Measures and Related Topics

Results obtained in the last few years are summarized in connection with logarithmic concave measures and related topics. A new and simple proof is presented concerning the basic theorem of logarithmic concave measures stating that if the probability measure P in R m is generated by a logarithmic concave density, A, B are convex subsets of R m and 0 < < < 1, then P(A+(1;)B) P(A)] P(B)] 1;. The most important c o n volution theorems belonging to the subject are collected. The notion of convex measures and an important theorem concerning these are formulated. Special distributions are analysed. Properties of special constraint and objective functions which are derived from the theorems presented in the paper are described.
Integrative Genomic Analysis of Temozolomide Resistance in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Purpose: Despite advances, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutics for relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, particularly in elderly patients and primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Temozolomide (TMZ), an oral DNA-alkylating agent routinely used in the therapy of glioblastoma multiforme, is active in patients with primary CNS lymphoma but the response rates are low. The mechanisms contributing to TMZ resistance are unknown. Experimental Design: We undertook an unbiased and genome-wide approach to understand the genomic methylation and gene expression profiling differences associated with TMZ resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines and identify mechanisms to overcome TMZ resistance. Results: TMZ was cytotoxic in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell lines, independent of MGMT promoter methylation or protein expression. Using Connectivity Map (CMAP), we identified several compounds capable of reversing the gene expression signature associated with TMZ resistance. The demethylating agent decitabine (DAC) is identified by CMAP as capable of reprogramming gene expression to overcome TMZ resistance. Treatment with DAC led to increased expression of SMAD1, a transcription factor involved in TGF-β/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, previously shown to be epigenetically silenced in resistant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In vitro and in vivo treatment with a combination of DAC and TMZ had greater antilymphoma activity than either drug alone, with complete responses in TMZ-resistant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma murine xenograft models. Conclusions: Integrative genome-wide methylation and gene expression analysis identified novel genes associated with TMZ resistance and demonstrate potent synergy between DAC and TMZ. The evidence from cell line and murine experiments supports prospective investigation of TMZ in combination with demethylating agents in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res; 20(2); 382–92. ©2013 AACR.
Are the Unskilled Really that Unaware? Understanding Seemingly Biased Self-Assessments

The so-called unskilled-and-unaware problem was experimentally identified a decade ago: The unskilled are seemingly afflicted by a double curse because they also seem unaware of their (relative) lack of skills. Numerous authors have elaborated on this problem – experimentally as well as theoretically. In this paper, we report on the results of three experiments (one field, two laboratory) through which we test a theoretical model and some informal extensions. Specifically, we examine the impact of general information and specific information (feedback) on the quality of self-assessment (“calibration”) in various tasks and under various conditions. Overconfidence behavior initially prevails in almost all settings. We find a strong positive effect of general information on calibration, and show that calibration improves more when feedback is provided. In our experiments, it is the unskilled who improve their calibration the most.
On Choosing Program Refactoring and Slicing Re-engineering Practice Towards Software Quality

The quality of software depends on its maintainability. Software under evolution is modified and enhanced to accommodate new requirements. As a result, the software becomes more complex and deviates from its original design, in turn lowering the quality. Program Slicing and refactoring as program re-engineering approaches, makes software systems maintainable. Effective slicing and refactoring requires proper metrics to quantitatively establish the improvement in the quality. Software metrics have proven to reflect software quality, and thus have been widely used in software quality evaluation methods. The results of these evaluation methods can be used to indicate which parts of a software system need to be reengineered. The reengineering of these parts is usually performed using refactoring and slicing meaning refactoring and slicing are consciously used as a means to improve the quality of software. Probably the most influential factor for software quality is its design. A good design will allow a software system to evolve with little effort and less cost. Therefore by evaluating the quality of the design of a system one can estimate its overall quality. In this paper, we present refactoring and slicing as promising techniques that enhances software quality and the consideration of these techniques when software maintenance is being considered.
Partial Optimality of Dual Decomposition for MAP Inference in Pairwise MRFs

Markov random fields (MRFs) are a powerful tool for modelling statistical dependencies for a set of random variables using a graphical representation. An important computational problem related to MRFs, called maximum a posteriori (MAP) inference, is finding a joint variable assignment with the maximal probability. It is well known that the two popular optimisation techniques for this task, linear programming (LP) relaxation and dual decomposition (DD), have a strong connection both providing an optimal solution to the MAP problem when a corresponding LP relaxation is tight. However, less is known about their relationship in the opposite and more realistic case. In this paper, we explain how the fully integral assignments obtained via DD partially agree with the optimal fractional assignments via LP relaxation when the latter is not tight. In particular, for binary pairwise MRFs the corresponding result suggests that both methods share the partial optimality property of their solutions.
On Knowledge Representation Patterns for Multimedia Interpretation ∗

With the objective of formalizing a model-based approach that enables the automatic extraction of deep-level semantics from multimedia, we have recently presented a framework [3] that employs both abductive and deductive reasoning for multimedia interpretation and evaluated it for image [4] and text interpretation [2]. In this approach, ontologies and rules constitute the background knowledge for interpretation such that, given surface-level, modalityspecific extraction results and background knowledge, the framework can extract deep-level semantics from multimedia content without human intervention. In this paper we present patterns for ontology and rule design that facilitate the design of background knowledge appropriate for interpretation.
Product Model Derivation by Model Transformation in Software Product Lines

Product derivation is an essential part of the Software Product Line (SPL) development process. The paperproposes a model transformation for deriving automatically a UML model of a specific product from the UML model of a product line. This work is a part of a larger project aiming to integrate performance analysis in the SPL model-driven development. The SPL source model is expressed in UML extended with two separate profiles: a "product line" profile from literature for specifying the commonality and variability between products, and the MARTE profile recently standardized by OMG for performance annotations. The automatic derivation of a concrete product model based on a given feature configuration is enabled through the mapping between features from the feature model and their realizations in the design model. The paper proposes an efficient mapping technique that aims to minimize the amount of explicit feature annotations in the UML design model of SPL. Implicit feature mapping is inferred during product derivation from the relationships between annotated and non-annotated model elements as defined in the UML metamodel and well formedness rules. The transformation is realized in the Atlas Transformation Language (ATL) and illustrated with an ecommerce case study that models structural and behavioural SPL views.