Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Galaxy Population in a Cluster of Galaxies around the Radio Galaxy 3C 324 at z = 1.2

We discuss the properties of galaxies around the radio galaxy 3C 324 at z =1 . 2 based on BV RI Kmulti-band imaging data. We have applied a photometric-redshift technique to objects in the 3C 324 field, and identified 35 objects as plausible cluster members. We have found that red and luminous members are concentrated in a small region enclosed by a circle of 40 �� radius (0.33Mpc at z =1.2forΩ0=0.3, λ0=0.7, H0=70kms −1 Mpc −1 cosmology) from the 3C 324 galaxy. The 3C 324 cluster is probably much more compact in size compared with the local clusters. We constructed a K � -band luminosity function of the cluster members and fitted a Schechter function, and found the characteristic magnitude to be K �∗ AB =2 0.2 ± 0.6. This value is consistent with the extrapolation of the pure passive evolution seen for z <1 clusters. We have identified eight bright galaxies which form a red color-magnitude sequence. The slope of the sequence is consistent with the passive evolution model down to K � AB < 22; we also found that there is no clear age variation in these bright red galaxies. However, seven out of these eight galaxies exhibit a significant excess in the rest UV light with respect to the passive evolution model. This may suggest that the massive early-type galaxies in this high-redshift cluster are still forming stars to some extent. We have confirmed a truncation of the color-magnitude sequence at K � AB ∼ 22; faint passively-evolving galaxies may not yet be present in this cluster at z ∼ 1.2. The overall color distribution of the cluster members, selected by the photometric redshift technique, is found to be very broad. We derived the fraction of blue galaxies in this cluster following a definition of Butcher and Oemler (1984, AAA 038.160.068), and obtained fB =0 . 39 ±0.28, which is higher than that for z < 1 clusters. This indicates that the star-formation activity of this cluster is, on the average, higher than that of lower redshift counterparts.
Malicious data classification using structural information and behavioral specifications in executables

With the rise in the underground Internet economy, automated malicious programs popularly known as malwares have become a major threat to computers and information systems connected to the internet. Properties such as self healing, self hiding and ability to deceive the security devices make these software hard to detect and mitigate. Therefore, the detection and the mitigation of such malicious software is a major challenge for researchers and security personals. The conventional systems for the detection and mitigation of such threats are mostly signature based systems. Major drawback of such systems are their inability to detect malware samples for which there is no signature available in their signature database. Such malwares are known as zero day malware. Moreover, more and more malware writers uses obfuscation technology such as polymorphic and metamorphic, packing, encryption, to avoid being detected by antivirus. Therefore, the traditional signature based detection system is neither effective nor efficient for the detection of zero-day malware. Hence to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of malware detection system we are using classification method based on structural information and behavioral specifications. In this paper we have used both static and dynamic analysis approaches. In static analysis we are extracting the features of an executable file followed by classification. In dynamic analysis we are taking the traces of executable files using NtTrace within controlled atmosphere. Experimental results obtained from our algorithm indicate that our proposed algorithm is effective in extracting malicious behavior of executables. Further it can also be used to detect malware variants.
Centered L2-discrepancy of random sampling and Latin hypercube design, and construction of uniform designs

In this paper properties and construction of designs under a centered version of the L2-discrepancy are analyzed. The theoretic expectation and variance of this discrepancy are derived for random designs and Latin hypercube designs. The expectation and variance of Latin hypercube designs are significantly lower than that of random designs. While in dimension one the unique uniform design is also a set of equidistant points, low-discrepancy designs in higher dimension have to be generated by explicit optimization. Optimization is performed using the threshold accepting heuristic which produces low discrepancy designs compared to theoretic expectation and variance.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Diversity and SNP-Major Gene Association in Peach Germplasm

Peach was domesticated in China more than four millennia ago and from there it spread world-wide. Since the middle of the last century, peach breeding programs have been very dynamic generating hundreds of new commercial varieties, however, in most cases such varieties derive from a limited collection of parental lines (founders). This is one reason for the observed low levels of variability of the commercial gene pool, implying that knowledge of the extent and distribution of genetic variability in peach is critical to allow the choice of adequate parents to confer enhanced productivity, adaptation and quality to improved varieties. With this aim we genotyped 1,580 peach accessions (including a few closely related Prunus species) maintained and phenotyped in five germplasm collections (four European and one Chinese) with the International Peach SNP Consortium 9K SNP peach array. The study of population structure revealed the subdivision of the panel in three main populations, one mainly made up of Occidental varieties from breeding programs (POP1OCB), one of Occidental landraces (POP2OCT) and the third of Oriental accessions (POP3OR). Analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) identified differential patterns of genome-wide LD blocks in each of the populations. Phenotypic data for seven monogenic traits were integrated in a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The significantly associated SNPs were always in the regions predicted by linkage analysis, forming haplotypes of markers. These diagnostic haplotypes could be used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in modern breeding programs.
The Role of Daytime Sleepiness in Psychosocial Outcomes after Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

We investigated the role of daytime sleepiness and sleep quality in psychosocial outcomes of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Thirty-seven individuals with moderate to severe OSA and compliant with CPAP treatment for at least 3 months were compared to 27 age- and education-matched healthy controls. The OSA group and the control group were studied with overnight polysomnography (PSG) and compared on measures of daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index), mood (Beck Depression Inventory, Profile of Mood States), and functional outcomes (Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire). After CPAP treatment, the OSA group improved on sleep quality and sleepiness. As a group, they did not differ from controls on sleep architecture after CPAP. The OSA group also showed significant improvements in functional outcomes and was comparable to controls on mood and functional outcomes. Persistent difficulties included lowered activity level and residual sleepiness in some individuals. Sleepiness was found to be a significant predictor of mood and affective states, while both sleepiness and sleep quality predicted functional outcomes. These results highlight the importance of assessment and intervention targeting psychosocial functioning and sleepiness in individuals with OSA after treatment.
Planning for a Single Agent in a Multi-Agent Environment Using FOND

Single-agent planning in a multi-agent environment is challenging because the actions of other agents can affect our ability to achieve a goal. From a given agent's perspective, actions of others can be viewed as non-deterministic outcomes of that agent's actions. While simple conceptually, this interpretation of planning in a multi-agent environment as non-deterministic planning remains challenging, not only due to the non-determinism resulting from others' actions, but because it is not clear how to compactly model the possible actions of others in the environment. In this paper, we cast the problem of planning in a multiagent environment as one of Fully-Observable Non-Deterministic (FOND) planning. We extend a non-deterministic planner to plan in a multi-agent setting, allowing non-deterministic planning technology to solve a new class of planning problems. To improve the efficiency in domains too large for solving optimally, we propose a technique to use the goals and possible actions of other agents to focus the search on a set of plausible actions. We evaluate our approach on existing and new multiagent benchmarks, demonstrating that modelling the other agents' goals improves the quality of the resulting solutions.
Exploring stressors and coping among volunteer, part-time and full-time sports coaches

Abstract The stressor and coping experiences of full-time and paid coaches have been reported in the literature, yet researchers have largely overlooked the experiences of part-time and voluntary coaches who make a substantial contribution to the coaching workforce. This study aimed to begin addressing these voids by exploring volunteer, part-time and full-time coaches’ stressors and coping strategies. In addition, this study aimed to explore both men and women coaches’ experiences of stressors and coping because most published literature has focused on the experiences of male coaches. Guided by our interpretive paradigm and blended constructionist and critical realist perspective, theoretically informed semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 men and women coaches who represented a range of team and individual sports. Data were thematically analysed using an abductive approach. We constructed 141 codes that were represented by three themes of stressors (coach-related, athlete-related and organisational) and 131 codes relating to coping, which we grouped into seven themes (problem-solving, information seeking, escape, negotiation, self-reliance, dyadic coping and support seeking). Based on these findings, we propose several impactful recommendations for researchers and practitioners. For example, we recommend that researchers continue to generate rich understanding of stressors and coping among coaches who are working on different employment bases to work towards the development of effective stress management interventions. Further, we encourage national governing bodies work with practitioners to incorporate specific foci on stress and stress management during coach education programmes to contribute to more effective performance under pressure.
Dynamics of Rye Chromosome 1R Regions with High or Low Crossover Frequency in Homology Search and Synapsis Development

In many organisms, homologous pairing and synapsis depend on the meiotic recombination machinery that repairs double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) produced at the onset of meiosis. The culmination of recombination via crossover gives rise to chiasmata, which locate distally in many plant species such as rye, Secale cereale. Although, synapsis initiates close to the chromosome ends, a direct effect of regions with high crossover frequency on partner identification and synapsis initiation has not been demonstrated. Here, we analyze the dynamics of distal and proximal regions of a rye chromosome introgressed into wheat to define their role on meiotic homology search and synapsis. We have used lines with a pair of two-armed chromosome 1R of rye, or a pair of telocentrics of its long arm (1RL), which were homozygous for the standard 1RL structure, homozygous for an inversion of 1RL that changes chiasma location from distal to proximal, or heterozygous for the inversion. Physical mapping of recombination produced in the ditelocentric heterozygote (1RL/1RLinv) showed that 70% of crossovers in the arm were confined to a terminal segment representing 10% of the 1RL length. The dynamics of the arms 1RL and 1RLinv during zygotene demonstrates that crossover-rich regions are more active in recognizing the homologous partner and developing synapsis than crossover-poor regions. When the crossover-rich regions are positioned in the vicinity of chromosome ends, their association is facilitated by telomere clustering; when they are positioned centrally in one of the two-armed chromosomes and distally in the homolog, their association is probably derived from chromosome elongation. On the other hand, chromosome movements that disassemble the bouquet may facilitate chromosome pairing correction by dissolution of improper chromosome associations. Taken together, these data support that repair of DSBs via crossover is essential in both the search of the homologous partner and consolidation of homologous synapsis.
Does religiosity ameliorate the negative impact of obsessive-compulsive disorder on self-esteem?

ABSTRACT A core issue in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fear of losing control. Religion may help individuals with OCD to maintain their self-esteem despite the challenge of coping with the unpredictability of life. Data of N = 200 OCD outpatients were assessed via questionnaires at five government hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. As predicted, high OCD significantly correlated with low self-esteem (r = −.20), and high religiosity was associated with high self-esteem (r = .18). Against the hypothesis, mediation analyses did not reveal an indirect effect of OCD on self-esteem via religiosity (b = −.02, p > .01), and OCD was associated with lowered religiosity (r = −.20). Sample characteristics indicate that most study-participants suffered from very low financial and social support. This struggle may have eroded confidence in the power of religion, which may undermine its potentially healing effects and therefore contribute to OCD and the associated issue of low self-esteem.
Spread of oqxAB in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium predominantly by IncHI2 plasmids.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence and genetic environment of the multiresistance gene oqxAB in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolated from food-producing animals. METHODS In this study, 63 Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates were analysed for the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants and mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region by molecular methods (PCR/sequencing). The oqxAB-positive isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Plasmids carrying oqxAB were studied by conjugation/transformation, replicon typing, Southern hybridization, long-range PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS The oqxAB, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrS1 genes were present alone or in combination in 20 (31.7%), 23 (36.5%) and 1 (1.6%) isolate, respectively. The oqxAB-positive isolates were clonally related, as determined by PFGE. All of the oqxAB-aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive isolates carried transferable IncHI2-type plasmids containing an oqxAB cassette and an incomplete class 1 integron harbouring aac(6')-Ib-cr, blaOXA-1, catB3, arr3, qacEΔ1 and sul1. Meanwhile, 6 of 15 plasmids carrying both oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr showed identical RFLP patterns. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that both clonal expansion and horizontal transmission of IncHI2-type plasmids containing oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr may be involved in the spread of oqxAB in Salmonella Typhimurium isolates in food-producing animals in China. There is a great need to monitor the potential dissemination of this multiresistance gene.
FOR INTERMITTENT OCCUPANCY BUILDINGS IN A HOT-HUMID CLIMATE

For many buildings, continuous operation of the air conditioning system is not necessary for achieving thermal comfort during the occupied periods. Depending on the building's thermal and operational characteristics the air conditioning system may be operated during a specific period of time that may partially or completely cover the occupancy period. In this case, a considerable amount of energy can be saved without compromising comfort conditions provided that the correct operation strategy is implemented. In this paper, the impact of HVAC operation strategies on energy consumption and thermal comfort in an office building in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia is investigated utilizing the VisualDOE energy simulation program. The results are useful for exploring potential energy conservation opportunities in buildings characterized by intermittent occupancy while maintaining the requirements for thermal comfort.
Separation of a mixture of independent signals using time delayed correlations.

The problem of separating n linearly superimposed uncorrelated signals and determining their mixing coefficients is reduced to an eigenvalue problem which involves the simultaneous diagonalization of two symmetric matrices whose elements are measureable time delayed correlation functions. The diagonalization matrix can be determined from a cost function whose number of minima is equal to the number of degenerate solutions. Our approach offers the possibility to separate also nonlinear mixtures of signals.
The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey. IV. Strategies for Signal Identification and Survey Catalog Reliability

We present a signal-extraction utility written for the purposes of the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey. This survey, when completed, will have covered ∼7000 deg2 of the high Galactic latitude sky and should detect over 20,000 extragalactic objects. It is the most sensitive blind H I survey to date. The large size of the survey justifies in itself the need for an automated way of identifying signals in the data set. The matched-filtering signal extractor proposed is based on convolutions in the Fourier domain of templates of varying widths with each spectrum. The chosen templates are built from a simple combination of Hermite functions to mimic the shape of typical Galactic H I profiles of varying widths. The main advantages of this matched-filtering approach are a sensitivity to the total flux of the signals (and not only to peak flux), robustness against instabilities, and short computing times. The details of the algorithm are given here, as well as results of simulations that assess the reliability and completeness of the process.
Identification of gingipain-specific I-Ab-restricted CD4+ T cells following mucosal colonization with Porphyromonas gingivalis in C57BL/6 mice

Chronic periodontitis is associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. Although virulence factors of P. gingivalis are hypothesized to contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis, it is unclear whether the local CD4+ T-cell-mediated response they elicit prevents or contributes to periodontal bone destruction. We hypothesize that major histocompatibility complex class II I-Ab-binding peptides existing in Kgp and RgpA are presented to CD4+ T cells during P. gingivalis oral colonization. The protein sequences of gingipains RgpA and Kgp, and OMP40 and OMP41 of P. gingivalis were scanned using an I-Ab-binding matrix. From this analysis we identified 53 candidate peptides that had the potential to engage the peptide-binding groove of the I-Ab molecule of C57BL/6 mice. An ELISpot-based screen revealed those peptide-primed effector/memory CD4+ T cells that could be re-stimulated in vitro with P. gingivalis or the peptide itself to produce interleukin-17A or interferon-γ. Two immunodominant peptides, Kgp467–477 (pKgp) and RgpA1054–1064/Kgp1074–1084 (pR/Kgp) were identified and engineered to be displayed on I-Ab molecular tetramers. Peptide pR/Kgp is conserved across all sequenced P. gingivalis strains. C57BL/6 mice were orally inoculated with P. gingivalis strain 53977 and cervical lymph node cells were stained with phycoerythrin-conjugated pKgp::I-Ab and pR/Kgp::I-Ab tetramers. We found that only pR/Kgp::I-Ab bound with the desired specificity to gingipain-specific CD4+ T cells. The pR/Kgp::I-Ab tetramer complex will allow the identification of effector/memory CD4+ T cells specific for two virulence factors of P. gingivalis strains associated with periodontal disease.
Issues in Realization of Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

Recently, significant growth in the applications of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) operating in unlicensed spectrum bands has been made. In the meantime, existing unlicensed bands are becoming congested and overcrowded. On the other hand, Cognitive Radio (CR) technology has been proposed as the key technology for future wireless communication that exploits dynamic spectrum access strategies. Since this offers more flexible way to utilize the wireless spectrum than traditional radio technology based on a fixed spectrum access policy, it is thought that the key feature of cognitive radio, i.e., dynamic spectrum access can be applied in WSNs to access the underutilized spectrum bands to transmit their readings in an opportunistic manner to the next hops and finally to the sink. In cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs), obtaining the information about spectrum holes on channel, negotiating among primary users and secondary users for spectrum allocation, synchronizing transmission parameters are the important functions of CR medium access control protocols. In this paper, we mainly focus on investigating the major issues to be considered with the existing communication protocols and algorithms devised while realizing the cognitive capability into wireless sensor networks. We also discuss the main challenges on the basis of dynamic spectrum management and extra energy expenditure to apply the cognitive capability into wireless sensor networks.
A radio-frequency measurement system for metallic object detection using pulse modulation excitation

Guns and knives have imposed a significant threat to public safe ty. Based on the electromagnetic characteristics of the materials of guns and knives’, techniques concerning Electromagnetics (EM) e.g. walk-through metal detection e quipment and X-ray and THz screening system have been used in an effort to detect and characterise them. Different EM frequencies for metallic object detection have demonstra ted different merits. This paper reports the ongoing investigation of RF measurement for met allic object detection using pulse modulation excitation which consists of multiple frequen cy harmonics with the centre frequency varying within 1-12 GHz. The frequency response and resonance frequency behaviour of object position, object shape, rotation and mu ltiple objects have been tested and analysed. A system utilising the pulse-modulated RF mode and sweep-frequency mode has been set up to implement sensing of metal items at a st andoff distance more than 1 meter. Through a series of experimental investigations, it can be found that the positions of the metal items have significant effect on the spectrum profiles of received RF signals. Such effect presents a modulation pattern in frequency domain, in conse quence of which new features have been investigated in order to implement detection and c haracterisation of metallic objects.