Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of outer envelope contamination in protection elicited by ribosomal preparations against Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection

A recent report (Cooper et al., Infect. Immun. 28:92-100, 1980) demonstrated that immunization of guinea pigs with ribosomal preparations was protective (approximately 90%) against chamber infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Similar protection has been demonstrated with other cellular immunogens such as outer membranes (OM) (92%) or purified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (83%). Protection of LPS (5 to 100 micrograms) was dose dependent (83% with 100 micrograms). Treatment of LPS with pronase reduced the protection by 50%. Ribosomal preparations contained LPS contamination (3.9%) based on dry weight determinations by 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate analysis. Analysis of ribosomal preparations isolated from cells after lactoperoxidase-mediated 125I labeling indicated a major OM contamination (Protein I). The ribosomal preparation also contained low levels of succinic and lactic dehydrogenase. Passive hemagglutination tests revealed that sera from guinea pigs immunized with ribosomal preparations also demonstrated antibody to OM proteins and LPS. LPS was able to absorb one line of precipitation seen in immunodiffusion reactions as well as the bactericidal activity of such sera. OM preparations were unable to absorb the remaining precipitin line or remove the bactericidal activity. It appears that LPS is the major antigen responsible for the bactericidal activity seen in ribosome-immune sera.
Characterization of the oncogene (erb) of avian erythroblastosis virus and its cellular progenitor

Avian erythroblastosis virus (AEV) induces primarily erythroblastosis when injected intravenously into susceptible chickens. In vitro, the hematopoietic target cells for transformation are the erythroblasts. Occasional sarcomas are also induced by intramuscular injection, and chicken or quail fibroblasts can be transformed in vitro. The transforming capacity of AEV was shown to be associated with the presence of a unique nucleotide sequence denoted erb in its genomic RNA. Using a simplified procedure, we prepared radioactive complementary DNA (cDNAaev) representative of the erb sequence at a high yield. Using a cDNAaev excess liquid hybridization technique adapted to defective retroviruses, we determined the complexity of the erb sequence to be 3,700 +/- 370 nucleotides. AEV-transformed erythroblasts, as well as fibroblasts, contained two polyadenylated viral mRNA species of 30 and 23S in similar high abundance (50 to 500 copies per cell). Both species were efficiently packaged into the virions. AEV-transformed erythroblasts contained additional high-molecular-weight mRNA species hybridizing with cDNAaev and cDNA5' but not with cDNA made to the helper leukosis virus used (cDNArep). The nature and the role, if any, of these bands remain unclear. The erb sequence had its counterpart in normal cellular DNA of all higher vertebrate species tested, including humans and fish (1 to 2 copies per haploid genome in the nonrepetitive fraction of the DNA). These cellular sequences (c-erb) were transcribed at low levels (1 to 2 RNA copies per cell) in chicken and quail fibroblasts, in which the two alleged domains of AEV-specific sequences corresponding to the 75,000- and 40,000-molecular-weight proteins seemed to be conserved phylogenetically and transcribed at similar low rates.
An Improved Technique Of Extracting Frequent Itemsets From Massive Data Using MapReduce

The mining of frequent itemsets is a basic and essential work in many data mining applications. Frequent itemsets extraction with frequent pattern and rules boosts the applications like Association rule mining, co-relations also in product sale and marketing. In extraction process of frequent itemsets there are number of algorithms used Like FP-growth,E-clat etc. But unfortunately these algorithm are inefficient in distributing and balancing the load, when it come across massive data. Automatic parallelization is also not possible with these algorithms. To defeat these issues of existing algorithms there is need to construct an algorithm which will support the missing features, such as automatically parallelization, balancing and good distribution of data. This paper is focusing on a efficient methodology to extract frequent itemsets with the popular MapReduce approach. This new methodology consist an algorithm which is build using Modified Apriori algorithm,called as Frequent Itemset Mining using Modified Apriori (FIMMA) Technique. This methodology works with three mappers, independently and concurrently by using the decompose strategy. The result of these mappers will be given to the reducers using the hash table method. Reducers gives the top most frequent itemsets. Keyword-Association Rules, Frequent item sets, Load balancing, MapReduce, Modified Apriori, FIMMA.
The nutritive value of rumen micro-organisms in ruminants

Four experiments were conducted with eighteen lambs sustained entirely by intragastric nutrition at gross energy inputs varying from 430 to 860 kJ/kg live weight0·75 (W0·75). Isolated rumen micro-organisms (RMO) were infused into the abomasum in quantities varying from 0 to 2 g digestible N/kg W0·75 to assess the increase in N balance as a result of increasing RMO input when N was limiting. The over-all utilization of N from RMO (RMO-N) could be described by the equation y = 0·543 x −0·457, residual SD = 0·037, where y is the N balance and x is the abomasal input of RMO-N, both expressed in g/kg W0·75. Thus the coefficient of efficiency of utilization of infused RMO-N was 0·543 (SE 0·008). The coefficient of efficiency of utilization of RMO-N truly digested (i.e. the biological value) was 0·659 (SE 0·015). The RMO-N input (mean with SE) at N equilibrium was 0·843 (0·009) g/kg W0·75. The true digestibility of RMO-N was 0·813 (0·004). The urinary N excretion when no N was infused was 0·329 (0·008) g/kg W0·75 and the N excreted via the faeces with zero N input was 0·036 (0·009) g/kg W0·75.
Non-marketizing agents in the study of markets: competing legacies of performativity and actor-network-theory in the marketization research program

ABSTRACT One line of criticism leveled against studies of markets inspired by the economization research program [Çalışkan, K. & Callon, M. (2009) ‘Economization, part 1: shifting attention from the economy towards processes of economization’, Economy and Society, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 369–398 and Çalışkan, K. & Callon, M. (2010) ‘Economization, part 2: a research programme for the study of markets’, Economy and Society, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1–32. ] is that their analytical priorities reflect an economics-centric perspective: they prioritize the study of market exchange itself and of agents promoting market framing, while leaving non-economic agendas and the broader contexts of markets both understudied and undertheorized. This weakness tends to be attributed to contingent analytical priorities, which can be remedied by extending the program’s focus without changing its theoretical tenets. This article, in contrast, suggests that these analytical priorities stem from a theoretical tension within the program, which is caused by the complete, instead of a selective adoption of the theoretical tools of the performativity agenda in the marketization program. As a result, while the program promotes the inclusion of non-marketizing agents through the notion of co-performation, its call to focus on those phenomena that agents qualify as ‘economic’ and on the making of market exchange delimits the analysis of non-marketizing agents to their helping/hindering effects on market framing. The solution proposed is to reassess some of the performativity-inspired tools of the program in favor of a more ANT-inspired approach to markets.
Design of an UWB bandpass filter using microstrip-coplanar transition structure with composite CPW open/short-circuited resonators

A new ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed, using coplanar waveguide (CPW) open-circuited and short-circuited resonators composite structure which is broadside-coupled to the top microstrip. The proposed filter has been simulated, optimized for UWB system, and the calculated results demonstrated the UWB properties from 3.0 GHz to 9.3 GHz (-3 dB bandwidth), which is fractional bandwidth of more than 100% at the center frequency 6.2 GHz. The Alter also exhibits a sharper slop response at the lower pass-band edge than the paper (Thomson and Hong, 2007), and deeper and wider stop-band rejection than the paper (Thomson and Hong) at the higher pass-band edge. Additionally, there are several finite-frequency transmission zeros closer to each side of the pass-band edges. Thus, a high selectivity is achieved using the microstrip/CPW broadside-coupled transition structure.
400G WDM Transmission on the 50 GHz Grid for Future Optical Networks

We review the recent technology advancements related to the transmission of 400Gb/s, wavelength-division-multiplexed channels for optical networks based on the standard 50 GHz grid. We discuss the enabling modulation, coding, and line system technologies, as well as the existing challenges. Specifically, these technologies include time-domain hybrid 32-64 quadrature amplitude modulation, nearly ideal digital Nyquist pulse shaping, improved channel bandwidth management methods such as end-to-end carrier frequency control and distributed compensation of filtering effects arising from reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers, distributed Raman amplification, and powerful forward error correction. We demonstrate 400G transmission on the standard 50 GHz grid over meaningful transmission reach for regional and metropolitan applications. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the potential for meeting the requirements of long-haul transmission applications.
Prostaglandin E2‐Mediated Anabolic Effect of a Novel Inhibitor of Phosphodiesterase 4, XT‐611, in the In Vitro Bone Marrow Culture

The mechanism of osteoblast formation by a novel PDE4 inhibitor, XT‐611, was studied in the in vitro bone marrow culture system. The compound potentiated the osteoblast differentiation through accumulation of cyclic AMP after autocrine stimulation of EP4 receptor by PGE2 in pro‐osteoblastic cells.
Real Estate Prices and Corporate Investment: Theory and Evidence of Heterogeneous Effects Across Firms

In this paper, we investigate the effect of real estate prices on productive investment. We build a simple theoretical framework of firms' investment with credit rationing and real estate collateral. We show that real estate prices affect firms' borrowing capacities through two channels. An increase in real estate prices raises the value of the firms' pledgeable assets and mitigates the agency problem characterizing the creditor-entrepreneur relationship. It simultaneously cuts the expected profit due to the increase in the cost of inputs. While the literature only focuses on the first channel, the identification of the second channel allows for heterogeneous effects of real estate prices on investment across firms. We test our theoretical predictions using a large French database. We do find heterogeneous effects of real estate prices on productive investment depending on the position of the firms in the sectoral distributions of real estate holdings. Our preferred estimates indicate that a 10% increase in real estate prices causes a 1% decrease in the investment rate of firms in the first decile of the distribution but a 6% increase in the investment rate of firms belonging to the last decile.
Exploring justice judgment patterns in Asia: a four country multi-group latent class analysis

Abstract We explore workers’ justice judgment patterns to understand how they use information to assess fair treatment at work. Justice judgment patterns are the unique set of information that individuals draw upon and use when evaluating the overall fairness of an entity. Data from four samples of workers from Malaysia, Cambodia, the Philippines, and China were analyzed using a multi-group latent class analysis. Results suggest four classes of justice judgment processes, three of which represent different patterns of heuristic processing. Comprehensive processors use a wide range of information when making justice judgments, while minimalist processors consider a limited range of information. Reward-focused processors focus on distributive justice cues and treatment-focused processors specifically attend to interpersonal justice cues while neglecting distributive justice cues. The latent class structure shared conceptual meaning across countries but the patterns had different rates of representation. Findings suggest that individuals do not always use complete information when assessing how fairly they are treated at work. Many appear to use heuristics that emphasize minimizing information processing, instrumental outcomes, or more relational outcomes. Results and implications are discussed.
Impacts Seed Technology Improvement on Economic Aspects of Chilli Production in Central Java - Indonesia

Vegetable production, including that of chillies, plays an important role in agricultural sector and rural economic development worldwide. This is because of greater farm productivity with regard to vegetables than cereal and staple crops. This paper analyses the impact of seed technology development on the economic aspects of chilli production in Central Java. Particular attention is paid to improved varieties of chilli. Potential consequences of seed technology development are discussed. Data of this study are compiled from surveys conducted in three selected chilli producing regions in 2010-2012. The results show that the major varieties of chilli grown by surveyed farmers are grouped into three broad types: hybrids, local and improved open pollinated varieties. The chilli varieties farmers selected varied according to location and cropping season. In the dry season, farmers grew similar proportions of hybrid, local, and open pollinated types. Nevertheless, there were differences among the survey sites. Farmers grew different varieties to exploit seasonal microclimates and market preferences. Mostly, farmers selected varieties for economic motives. The consequence of growing hybrids was less use of agrochemicals, particularly pesticides, than for other varieties. Overall, they show the best economic performance in the study site. Development of seed technology should consider agro-ecological and economic aspects to obtain better outcomes. Private sector and national research institutions need to collaborate more to utilise available genetic resources to produce better varieties of chilli.
Effect of Serine Hydroxamate on Phospholipid Synthesis in Escherichia coli

Serine hydroxamate, which inhibits the charging of seryl-transfer ribonucleic acid, reduced the synthesis of phospholipid and nucleic acids in Escherichia coli. This effect was analogous to depriving amino acid auxotrophs of their nutritional requirement and appears to be a manifestation of the stringent response shown by rel+ strains of E. coli. Amino acid starvation (serine or methionine) alone or serine hydroxamate treatment alone results in 60 to 80% inhibition of lipid accumulation, 90% inhibition of ribonucleic acid accumulation, and an increase in guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp). These three effects were reversed by addition of chloramphenicol (CM). A combination of serine starvation and serine hydroxamate treatment resulted in inhibition of lipid and RNA accumulation as well as an increase in ppGpp, but the consequences of the double block were not reversed by CM. We conclude that a strong interrelationship exists among these processes and that CM acts to relax a stringent response by mechanisms other than interference with ppGpp formation. All species of phospholipid were affected by a stringent response evoked by amino acid starvation or addition of serine hydroxamate, but in all cases the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine was most severely inhibited. Serine hydroxamate was not incorporated into lipid but specifically caused phosphatidylserine accumulation. Serine starvation produced a dramatic alteration of the distribution of isotope incorporated into phospholipid, which resulted from the stringent response compounded with the limitation of a substrate for phosphatidylserine synthesis.
Inflation Rate Modelling in Indonesia

The purposes of this research were to analyse: (i) Modelling the inflation rate in Indonesia with parametric regression. (ii) Modelling the inflation rate in Indonesia using non-parametric regression spline multivariable (iii) Determining the best model the inflation rate in Indonesia (iv) Explaining the relationship inflation model parametric and non-parametric regression spline multivariable. Based on the analysis using the two methods mentioned the coefficient of determination (R 2 ) in parametric regression of 65.1% while non-parametric amounted to 99.39%. To begin with, the factor of money supply or money stock, crude oil prices and the rupiah exchange rate against the dollar is significant on the rate of inflation. The stability of inflation is essential to support sustainable economic development and improve people's welfare. In conclusion, unstable inflation will complicate business planning business activities, both in production and investment activities as well as in the pricing of goods and services produced. DOI: 10.15408/etk.v15i2. 3260
Suicide and alcohol psychoses in Belarus 1970-2005.

BACKGROUND The relationship between alcohol and suicide is well documented. The research evidence suggests an important role for a cultural and social context in the alcohol-suicide association. PURPOSE To estimate the aggregate level effect of alcohol consumption on the suicide rate in Slavic culture. METHOD Trends in the suicide and alcohol-psychoses morbidity rate in the former Soviet Slavic republic of Belarus from 1970 to 2005 were analyzed employing an ARIMA time-series analysis. RESULTS The results of the analysis suggest a close association between the suicide and alcohol-psychoses morbidity rate. CONCLUSION This study replicates previous findings that highlighted a close link between alcohol and suicide at the aggregate level. The results of this study also suggest that alcohol is responsible for the fluctuation of the suicide rate in the former Soviet republic of Belarus during the last decades.
LiFeAs Pnictide Superconductor—A Simple Electrochemical Method of Preparation

Unlike the known isoelectronic undoped intrinsic FeAs compounds, LiFeAs does not show any spin-density wave behavior but exhibits superconductivity at ambient pressures without chemical doping. It has a superconducting transition temperature, Tc, of 18 K with electron-like carriers and a very high 0 K upper critical magnetic field, Bc2(0), of greater than 80 T making the compound suitable for many high magnetic field applications at cryogenic temperatures. Oxypnictide materials are known for a complexity of their methods of preparation. The reported methods of LiFeAs preparation are based on the solid-state reaction at high temperatures (740 °-1050 °C) for long times (24-60 h). In the present work a simple electrochemical route is proposed for the preparation of a pnictide LiFeAs superconductor. During electrolysis, Li ions in the electrolyte become inserted into the FeAs lattice to form LiFeAs on the surface of the FeAs electrode. The proposed method differs from the existing electrochemical method and also from the traditional high temperature solid-state reaction methods. It is promising for the preparation of LiFeAs bulks and large scale LiFeAs films or tapes for various electric power or high magnetic field applications at cryogenic temperatures.
Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors, t-AUCB, regulated microRNA-1 and its target genes in myocardial infarction mice

Purpose Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHIs) had been demonstrated to produce cardioprotective effects against ischemia-induced lethal arrhythmias, but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate whether the beneficial effects of sEHIs are related to regulation of microRNA-1, which was a proarrhythmic factor in the ischemic heart. Methods A mousemyocardial infarction (MI) model was established by ligating the coronary artery. sEHI t-AUCB (0.2, 1, 5 mg/L in drinking-water) was administered daily seven days before MI. The incidence of arrhythmias was assessed by in vivo electrophysiologic studies. miR-1, KCNJ2 (encoding the K+ channel subunit Kir2.1), and GJA1 (encoding connexin 43 [Cx43]) mRNA were measured by real-time PCR; Kir2.1 and Cx43 protein were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results We demonstrated that sEHIs reduced the myocardium infarct size and incidence of inducible arrhythmias in MI mice. Up-regulation of miR-1 and down-regulation of KCNJ2/Kir2.1 and GJA1/Cx43 mRNA/protein were observed in ischemic myocaridum, whereas administration of sEHIs produced an opposite effect. In addition, miR-1 overexpression inhibited expression of the target mRNA and their corresponding proteins, whereas t-AUCB reversed the effects. Our results further revealed that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway might participate in the negatively regulation of miR-1 by sEHi. Conclusions We conclude that sEHIs can repress miR-1, thus stimulate expression of KCNJ2/Kir2.1 and GJA1/Cx43 mRNA/protein in MI mice, suggesting a possible mechanism for its potential therapeutic application in ischemic arrhythmias.
Ants exhibit asymmetric hybridization in a mosaic hybrid zone

Research on hybridization between species provides unparalleled insights into the pre‐ and postzygotic isolating mechanisms that drive speciation. In social organisms, colony‐level incompatibilities may provide additional reproductive barriers not present in solitary species, and hybrid zones offer an opportunity to identify these barriers. Here, we use genotyping‐by‐sequencing to sequence hundreds of markers in a hybrid zone between two socially polymorphic ant species, Formica selysi and Formica cinerea. We characterize the zone, determine the frequency of hybrid workers, infer whether hybrid queens or males are produced and investigate whether hybridization is influenced by colony social organization. We also compare cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and aggression levels between the two species. The hybrid zone exhibits a mosaic structure. The asymmetric distribution of hybrids skewed towards F. cinerea suggests a pattern of unidirectional nuclear gene flow from F. selysi into F. cinerea. The occurrence of backcrossed individuals indicates that hybrid queens and/or males are fertile, and the presence of the F. cinerea mitochondrial haplotype in 97% of hybrids shows that successful F1 hybrids will generally have F. cinerea mothers and F. selysi fathers. We found no evidence that social organization contributes to speciation, because hybrids occur in both single‐queen and multiple‐queen colonies. Strongly differentiated cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and heightened interspecific aggression further reveal that species recognition cues are both present and perceived. The discovery of fertile hybrids and asymmetrical gene flow is unusual in ants, and this hybrid zone will therefore provide an ideal system with which to investigate speciation in social insects.