Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Labeled Time Petri Nets Using Time Interval Splitting

Abstract This paper deals with fault diagnosis of timed discrete event systems (TDESs), using a nondeterministic model named labeled time Petri net (LTPN). Thanks to a skillful splitting of time intervals assigned to the LTPN transitions, analyzing diagnosability in such a timed context can be performed using techniques from the untimed context. Moreover, a deterministic structure called augmented state class set graph (ASG) is built on the fly, for both analyzing (Δ-)diagnosability and deriving an online diagnoser.
A Visual Modeling Framework of Workflow Systems Based on CCS

Visual formalisms are very popular in specification and design of software and hardware systems, especially in workflow systems. Visual languages have the advantage of being simple to use for system designers. In this paper, we introduce a new modeling framework based on the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS), to describe behaviors between processes in intricate workflows. The framework of our method is both visual and formal. In addition, we abstract a hierarchical structure of workflow specification, which allows changes in workflow structure without modifying the programs that implement the workflow tasks.
Manual and automatic semantic annotation of web documents: the FLERSA tool

In this paper, FLERSA (Flexible Range Semantic Annotation) is presented as a user-centred annotation tool for Web content. The tool has been developed over a CMS and allows both manual and automatic semantic annotations. For manual annotation, a new flexible range markup technique is used, based on the RDFa standard, to support the evolution of annotated Web documents more effectively than XPointer. For automatic annotation, a hybrid approach based on natural language processing (NLP) techniques (Vector-Space Model + n-grams) is used to determine the concepts that the content of a Web document deals with (from an ontology which provides a taxonomy), based on previous annotations that are used as training Corpus.
Somatic cell genetics and its application to medicine.

INTRODUCTION . THE BASIC METHODOLOGIES . SINGLE CELL SURVIVAL CURVES . THE HUMAN CHROMOSOMES AND THE CHROMOSOMAL DISEASES . MAMMALIAN RADIOBIOLOGY AND HUMAN RADIOTHERAPy . SINGLE GENE MUTATIONS . General Considerations . Auxotrophic Mutants of the Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell . Replica Plating . Gene Amplification in Drug-Resistant Mutants . Regulatory Mutants and Studies in Gene Regulation . SOMATIC CELL FUSION AND HYBRID STUDIES . General Considerations . Dominance and Complementation Analysis . Gene Expression in Cell Hybrids . Single Human Chromosome Hybrids . Premature Chromosome Condensation and Chemotherapy . CELL SURFACE ANTIGENS . CHROMOSOMAL AND GENE STRUCTURE . General Considerations. Recombinant DNA and Somatic Cell Genetics . Construction of the Total Human Genomic Library . Construction of a DNA Library from Individual Human Chromosomes . GENE TRANSFER . HUMAN GENE MAPPING AND USE OF HUMAN DNA FRAGMENTS AS GENETIC MARKERS .
Compressed sensing technique for synchronization and channel estimation in OFDMA uplink transmissions

In this study joint estimation of the symbol timing offset (STO), and channel impulse response (CIR) of each active user under the presence of the carrier frequency offset (CFO) is considered for the uplink of an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system. A new method based on the compressed sensing (CS) framework using pilot symbols is proposed for the joint estimation of the STO and the CIR of each active user. Sparsity is achieved through incorporating the STO, the cyclic prefix (CP) samples, and the CIR coefficients into a new signal model. The proposed method does not require CIR coefficients to be sparse. Numerical results of the performance of the proposed method using the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is presented. The presence of CTO is also considered as a perturbation to the CS dictionary of pilot symbols.
Factitious thyrotoxicosis induced by mesotherapy: a case report.

CONTEXT Mesotherapy consists of cutaneous injections of a mixture of compounds and has recently been used for cosmetic purposes to reduce local fat and cellulite. To date, several reports have described only local adverse events related to this therapy. We describe the first report of a female patient who developed thyrotoxicosis due to cosmetic mesotherapy with triiodothyroacetic acid in its formulation. Apart from mechanical rupture of the epidermal barrier, a disturbance of type III deiodinase activity or skin fibroblast paracrine function and vascular alterations related to simultaneously injected vasoactive compounds were observed. These findings could be related to thyroid hormone metabolite absorption and systemic consequences in the reported case. CONCLUSION We describe factitious thyrotoxicosis induced by mesotherapy, to raise awareness of a systemic adverse effect resulting from this widespread cosmetic practice.
A bulged region of the hepatitis B virus RNA encapsidation signal contains the replication origin for discontinuous first-strand DNA synthesis

Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small DNA virus that replicates inside the viral nucleocapsid by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Encapsidation of this RNA pregenome is mediated by the interaction of the viral replication enzyme P with the structured 5'-proximal RNA element epsilon; replication was thought to start in the 3'-proximal direct repeat DR1*. However, recent data obtained with the duck hepatitis B virus indicated a novel, discontinuous mechanism of negative-strand DNA synthesis. Here we demonstrate, using DNA transfection of complete HBV genomes, that the 3'-half of a 6-nucleotide bulge in HBV epsilon whose primary sequence is not important for encapsidation serves as template for a short DNA primer that is subsequently transferred to DR1*. Apparently, P protein copies any template sequence that does not interfere with epsilon structure; however, altered primary sequences can induce polymerase stuttering, resulting in extended primers containing more than one equivalent of the template sequence. The importance of the bulged structure is emphasized by the dependence of primer length on bulge size. Transfer specificity is in part controlled by sequence complementarity. The strategy of using the 5' encapsidation signal as the origin of replication for discontinuous negative-strand DNA synthesis, common to mammalian and avian hepadnaviruses, suggests the evolutionary origin of hepatitis B viruses to lie between that of modern retroviruses and primitive retroelements like the Mauriceville retroplasmid.
Painting by numbers: Transforming fields and edges vectors

This paper considers alternative approaches to image making and printing that moves from the on-screen representation of images and painting applications, to the physical generation and methods for surface deposition or 2.5D printing. The research investigates the application of new materials and print processes, as an alternative to four-colour separation and half-toning and departs from traditional halftone screening that uses a vector approach to image construction. The first aspect of the paper describes a non-photorealistic rendering image segmentation algorithm that is used to create a series of colour texture layers. The second part of the paper describes a preparatory UV curing additive that can be used to increase the textured qualities of the brush strokes.
Kinetic control of oxygen consumption during contractions in self‐perfused skeletal muscle

Non‐technical summary The ability to sustain exercise is dependent on the ability to match muscular energy supply fuelled by oxygen to the energy demands of the activity (the ‘currency’ of biological energy is termed ATP). Experiments using muscle samples in a test tube suggest that the activation of muscle oxygen consumption is caused by accumulation of ADP (a breakdown product of ATP), which signals the need to increase ATP supply. The mechanism of this signalling process in vivo, however, is not well understood. We investigated the mechanism controlling oxidative ATP supply activation in canine muscle, by simultaneous measurements of oxygen consumption and ADP at the onset of muscle contractions. At the start of contractions muscle oxygen consumption increased more rapidly than predicted from the measured accumulation of ADP. These data suggest that an additional process (or processes) occurs to activate muscle oxidative ATP provision at the onset of exercise in vivo.
Exploiting local and generic features for accurate skin lesions classification using clinical and dermoscopy imaging

Similarity in appearance between various skin diseases, often makes it challenging for clinicians to identify the type of skin condition, and the accuracy is highly reliant on the level of expertise. There is also a great degree of subjectivity and inter/intra observer variability found in the clinical practices. In this paper, we propose a method for automatic skin diseases recognition that combines two different types of deep convolutional neural network features. We hold the hypothesis that it is equally important to capture global features such as color and lesion shape, as well as local features such as local patterns within the lesion area. The proposed method leverages deep residual network to represent global information, and bilinear pooling technique which allows to extract local features to differentiate between skin conditions with subtle visual differences in local regions. We have evaluated our proposed method on MoleMap dataset with 32,195 and ISBI-2016 challenge dataset with 1,279 skin images. Without any lesion localisation or segmentation, our proposed method has achieved state-of-the-art results on the large-scale MoleMap datasets with 15 various disease categories and multiple imaging modalities, and compares favorably with the best method on ISBI-2016 Melanoma challenge dataset.
On the Statistical Theory of Turbulence.

The expression for ci is in agreement with the conclusions arrived at above. It shows that the form (14) of the equation of diffusion is a good guide to the physicist as it brings in evidence the quantities significant from his point of view. On the other hand, Kolmogoroff's equations (3) and (4) are more general since they include the case of transition probabilities which are inhomogeneous in time. 1 A. Kolmogoroff, Mathematische Annalen, 104, 415 (1931). 2 The substitution of the general integral of equation (13) for Do in (9) and (10) does not lead to the equation (12). Kolmogoroff claims the same results by imposing upon Do the condition lim Do = 0 for y = >c. That this argument is unconvincing, appears from the fact that it would exclude the uniform density. It is inconvenient to restrict oneself to finite systems. 3 E.g., P. S. Epstein, Gerlands Beitr. Geophysik, 35, 154 (1932).
QoS-Constrained Energy Efficiency of Cooperative ARQ in Multiple DF Relay Systems

In this paper, we study the higher layer performance as well as the “throughput, delay, energy consumption” tradeoff problem for multirelay-assisted cooperative automatic repeat request (C-ARQ) protocols. We study a practical scenario where only the average channel state information (CSI) is available at the source and relays. We consider four multirelay C-ARQ protocols and derive closed-form expressions for the transmission delay distribution, the energy consumption, and the higher layer queuing performance. Furthermore, we analyze the quality of service (QoS)-constrained energy efficiency performances of the protocols. Our analysis is validated by simulations. In addition, we evaluate the system performance under these C-ARQ protocols and for different topologies. We conclude several guidelines for the design of efficient C-ARQ protocols. Finally, a simple extension of the studied C-ARQ protocols is proposed, which improves the QoS-constrained energy efficiency by 4%.
A study of semantics, types and languages for databases and object-oriented programming

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate a type system for databases and object-oriented programming and to design a statically typed programming language for these applications. Such a language should ideally have a static type system that supports: (1) polymorphism and static type inference, (2) rich data structures and operations to represent various data models for databases including the relational model and more recent complex object models, (3) central features of object-oriented programming including user definable class hierarchies, multiple inheritance, and data abstraction, (4) the notion of extents and object-identities for object-oriented databases. Without a proper formalism, it is not obvious that the construction of such a type system is possible. This thesis attempts to construct one such formalism and proposes a programming language that uniformly integrate all of the above features. The specific contributions of this thesis include: (1) A simple semantics for ML polymorphism and axiomatization of the equational theory of ML. (2) A uniform generalization of the relational model to arbitrary complex database objects that are constructed by labeled records, labeled variants, finite sets and recursive definition. (3) A framework for semantics of types for complex database objects. (4) The notion of conditional typing schemes that extends Milner's typing scheme for ML to a wide range of complex structures and operations. (5) A formulation of the notion of classes and inheritance in an ML style static type system. (6) The notion of views that enable us to represent object-oriented databases in an ML style static type system. (7) A proposal of a polymorphic programming language, Machiavelli, for databases and object-oriented programming with static type inference. In addition to the above technical contributions, a prototype implementation of Machiavelli that embodies most of the features presented in this thesis has been done in Standard ML of New Jersey.
EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY , ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF THE WHITE OYSTER MUSHROOM , PLEUROTUS

Phytochemicals which are present in the human diets possess a number of beneficial effects on human he lth. Mushrooms are invaluable sources of useful therapeu tic agents. Phytochemical screening of edible white oyster mushroom, Pleurotusflorida reveals the presence of phenols (61.85mg catechol equivalent), flavonoids 2.78mg , alkaloids 1.92mg, terpenoids 0.08 mg , tannins 0.52mg, saponins 0.05m g and glycosides 0.12mg in 100g dried powder. Metha nol extract of the mushroom was assessed for its anti-inflammatory and ti-diabetic by In vitro methods. Anti-inflammatory activity of mushroom was investigated by Human Red Blood Cell M mbrane (HRBC) stabilization method. Results showed that the extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory act ivity of 43.50% at the concentration of 1.0mg/ml wh ich is comparable to that of the standard diclofenac sodium. The mushroo m extract also showed significant antidiabetic (2 6.5%) activity by inhibition of α-amylase (E C 3.2.1.1) at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. From the result, it s concluded that white o yster mushroom, Pleurotusfloridacan be administered for its anti-inflammatory and a ti-diabetic activities.
The Sensor Web: systems of sensor systems

Abstract Global Earth Observing System of Systems (GEOSS) presents a great challenge of System of Systems integration across organisational and political boundaries. One existing paradigm that can address the scale of the challenge is that of the Sensor Web. In this paradigm, the internet is evolving into an active, macro sensing instrument, capable of drawing sensory data from around the globe to the fingertips of individuals. The Sensor Web will support scientific research and facilitate transparent political decision making. This article presents some of the technologies explored and activities engaged in by the GEOSS Sensor Web community, towards achieving GEOSS goals.
Sigma-Delta Modulators: Tutorial Overview, Design Guide, and State-of-the-Art Survey

This paper presents a tutorial overview of ΣΔ modulators, their operating principles and architectures, circuit errors and models, design methods, and practical issues. A review of the state of the art on nanometer CMOS implementations is described, giving a survey of cutting-edge ΣΔ architectures, with emphasis on their application to the next generation of wireless telecom systems.
Offline vs. Online Sentiment Analysis: Issues With Sentiment Analysis of Online Micro-Texts

Recently,﻿the﻿social﻿networking﻿sites﻿(SNSs)﻿have﻿proven﻿their﻿immense﻿power﻿of﻿prediction﻿for﻿ predicting﻿the﻿results﻿of﻿the﻿real-world﻿events. ﻿However,﻿for﻿real-time﻿monitoring﻿of﻿the﻿world﻿ activities﻿via﻿microblogging﻿site﻿like﻿Twitter,﻿it﻿is﻿important﻿to﻿perform﻿the﻿sentiment﻿analysis﻿of﻿ online﻿micro-texts﻿in﻿real-time﻿to﻿support﻿fast﻿and﻿intelligent﻿decision-making﻿and﻿hence﻿to﻿execute﻿ the﻿appropriate﻿actions﻿in﻿the﻿real﻿world﻿in﻿real-time. ﻿In﻿this﻿context,﻿this﻿paper﻿discusses﻿the﻿online﻿ sentiment﻿analysis﻿process﻿of﻿online﻿micro-texts﻿in﻿perspectives﻿of﻿the﻿real-time﻿analysis﻿process. ﻿In﻿ addition,﻿this﻿paper﻿argues﻿the﻿non-applicability﻿of﻿the﻿classical﻿time﻿consuming﻿Natural﻿Language﻿ Processing﻿(NLP)﻿methods﻿and﻿the﻿affinity﻿of﻿Machine﻿Learning﻿(ML)﻿methods﻿in﻿performing﻿the﻿ online﻿sentiment﻿analysis﻿by﻿contrasting﻿it﻿with﻿offline﻿sentiment﻿analysis. ﻿Furthermore,﻿it﻿also﻿ formalized﻿the﻿online﻿sentiment﻿analysis﻿process﻿of﻿online﻿micro-texts﻿by﻿raising﻿novel﻿issues﻿and﻿ proposing﻿new﻿performance﻿measures﻿for﻿online﻿sentiment﻿analysis.
Mercury Impairment of Mouse Thymocyte Survival in Vitro: Involvement of Cellular Thiols

Heavy metals are well known to be able to induce immunotoxicity, but comparative metal studies related to apoptosis have not been conducted. In the present study, the effects of arsenic, cadmium, gold, lead, manganese, and mercury on thymocytes from BALB/c mice were analyzed. Thymic cells were cultured for 3–24 h in vitro in the absence or presence of metal, and markers of apoptosis or cell death, including annexin V binding, DNA loss/oligonucleosomal fragmentation, 7-amino-actinomycin D uptake (loss of impermeance), changes of the mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1 fluorescence), and Western analysis of cellular thiols, were assayed. Mercury (Hg) was the only metal shown to be consistently toxic with the dose and times utilized. Cadmium (Cd) was the only other metal tested that also produced some significant level of DNA loss; however, the induction of apoptosis by Cd was not as consistent as that observed with Hg. When Hg was added with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), Hg produced greater toxicity. Endogenous DNA synthesis by thymocytes was immediately inhibited by Hg and Hg + 2-ME. The Hg + 2-ME-induced apoptosis appeared to be associated with altered levels of cellular thiols, in that glutathione (GSH) depletion was significant in comparison to the non-metal control and Hg alone. The increased Hg-induced toxicity in the presence of 2-ME likely was due to the ability of 2-ME to enhance (10- to 20-fold) the cellular uptake of Hg. Western analysis with biotin maleimide demonstrated that Hg + 2-ME and to a lesser extent the positive control dexamethasone eliminated many reactive thiols; the major thiol-reactive protein still reactive with the maleimide probe had an approximate Molecular Mass of 45 kD. Surprisingly, Hg alone enhanced the expression of this thiol-expressing protein, which by Mass Spectrometry (MS)/MS analysis was shown to be β-actin. Hg also produced the appearance of yet to be identified new proteins. Based on the results with Hg + 2-ME, it is suggested that numerous protein thiols participate in maintenance of cell survival and their loss is associated with apoptosis. The increased expression of new thiol-reactive proteins or thiol-reactive proteins with altered electrophoretic profiles needs to be further investigated. However, the enhanced toxicity attributed to Hg + 2-ME suggests that increased intracellular oxidative stress, observed as increased depletion of GSH, is responsible for the accelerated cell death. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant ES11135. The authors acknowledge use of the Immunology and Biological Mass Spectrometry Facilities of Wadsworth Center. We also especially appreciate the assistance of Kathy Lubowski, Joan Pedersen-Lane, and Renjie Song.
Comparison between LDPC codes and QC-LDPC codes in term of PAPR in OFDM system with different encoding techniques

Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) is known to be a traditional problem in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The peak value of power signals bring to many other problems, thus the implementation of OFDM system in many wireless applications are growing slowly. There are many techniques have been discussed to reduce PAPR in OFDM systems and one of them is PAPR reduction through coding. In this paper, a comparison between two coding; Low Density Parity Check Codes (LDPC) codes and Quasi Cyclic LDPC (QC-LDPC) codes has been discussed and additionally two types of encoding technique; G-Matrix and Approximate Triangular that is used in LDPC/QC-LDPC has been compared. The results show that PAPR reduced about 13% in case of QC-LDPC Codes from the original OFDM system and 8% in case of encoding process using Approximate Triangular from G-Matrix. The comparison result between LDPC and QC-LDPC can be the proof that QC-LDPC codes are better than LDPC codes while the second result shows that encoding process also contributes a significant impact to PAPR reduction. These results could lead to further investigation in the future.
Vibration control of an Euler–Bernoulli beam under unknown spatiotemporally varying disturbance

In this article, the vibration suppression of an Euler–Bernoulli beam system is considered by using the adaptive boundary control technique. The dynamics of the beam are represented by a partial differential equation and four ordinary differential equations involving functions of both space and time. By using Lyapunov synthesis, the robust boundary control with a disturbance observer is first proposed to suppress the vibration and attenuate the effect of the external disturbances. To compensate for both the system parametric uncertainties and the disturbances uncertainties, the adaptive boundary control is developed. With the proposed boundary control, the state of the beam system is proven to be uniformly ultimately bounded and converge to a small neighbourhood of zero by appropriately choosing the design parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed control is successfully verified by numerical simulations.
Reseach of Time Synchronization Algorithm Based on IEEE1588 in Electric Power System

For the high accuracy synchronization requirement of IEC61850 based digital substation, to apply a combination of time synchronization scheme to Substation Automation System (SAS), PTP(pricision time synchronization protocol) is adopted between bay level and process level equipment, the paper presents a method of combination of adjusted frequency and adjusted phase to achieve precision synchronization based on principle of PTP. The result of the experiment shows the algorithm is more effective.