Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Auditory Brainstem Implantation in a 16-Month-Old Boy With Cochlear Hypoplasia

Objective To determine the safety and feasibility of auditory brainstem implantation in children younger than 5 years. Patient(s) Patients younger than 5 years who were not candidates for cochlear implantation because of anatomic considerations were included in the analyses. Intervention(s) Auditory brainstem implantation via retrosigmoid craniotomy. Main Outcome Measure(s) Audiologic, speech, quality of life, and safety outcomes were assessed. Results Auditory brainstem implantation was performed in a 16-month-old male infant with bilateral cochlear hypoplasia and cochlear nerve hypoplasia after a prior aborted attempt at cochlear implantation. Intraoperatively, multiphasic evoked auditory brainstem responses (EABRs) characteristic of synchronized responses of central auditory pathways were obtained on multiple electrodes. There were no complications in the immediate postoperative period, and the child was discharged home on Postoperative Day 4. Audiologic testing 2 and 4 months after activation indicated sound detection between 45 and 70 dB HL for warble tones, improvements in Infant Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale scores, and subjective gains in sound awareness, as well as quality of life measures. There were no major or minor complications of the procedure. Conclusion Based on our experience in combination with the work of others internationally, auditory brainstem implantation is feasible and safe in children younger than 5 years.
Determining Target Heart Rate for Exercising in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program: A Retrospective Study

Background:One of the well-established methods used to determine endurance training intensity for patients in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is to take a percentage (70%–85%) of the maximal or peak heart rate (HRmax) from a recent postevent symptom-limited graded exercise test (GXT). Because many patients are referred to CR without having had a maximal GXT, a current practice is to use 30% to 50% above resting heart rate (RHR) to estimate endurance training intensity. Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine if a target heart rate (THR) of 30% to 50% above RHR approximated a THR of 70% to 85% of the HRmax achieved on GXT (HRmax GXT) and provided equivalent exercise intensity based on ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and metabolic equivalency thresholds (METs). Methods:A retrospective chart review of 53 patients enrolled in CR and had documentation of postevent GXT was conducted to determine the patient’s mean exercise heart rate (HR) achieved at each session to percentage above RHR and percentage HRmax GXT. Analysis was conducted to determine and compare patients’ HRs, RPE, and MET levels when patients were exercising within the THR ranges of 30% to 50% above RHR and 70% to 85% HRmax GXT. Results:A THR range of 30% to 50% above RHR approximated 60% to 70% HRmax GXT. Mean exercise HRs progressed from 39% to 49% above RHR sessions 2 to 6 with mean (SD) RPE of 10.58 (0.55) to 11.44 (0.68) on the Borg scale and mean (SD) MET level of 2.91 (0.55) to 3.31 (0.6). Mean exercise HRs progressed to 54% to 65% above RHR sessions 7 to 18 and approximated 70% to 73% HRmax GXT. Mean (SD) RPE at this intensity ranged from 11.57 (0.58) to 12.21 (0.53) with a mean (SD) MET level of 3.47 (0.6) to 3.8 (0.77). Conclusion:In the observed population, a THR of 30% to 50% above RHR underestimated the THR range of 70% to 85% HRmax GXT but provided adequate exercise intensity for patients at the beginning of a CR program based on percentage HRmax GXT, RPE and MET levels.
Tristetraprolin (TTP)-14-3-3 Complex Formation Protects TTP from Dephosphorylation by Protein Phosphatase 2a and Stabilizes Tumor Necrosis Factor-α mRNA*

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a major cytokine produced by alveolar macrophages in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharide. TNF-α secretion is regulated at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Post-transcriptional regulation occurs by modulation of TNF-α mRNA stability via the binding of tristetraprolin (TTP) to the adenosine/uridine-rich elements found in the 3′-untranslated region of the TNF-α transcript. Phosphorylation plays important roles in modulating mRNA stability, because activation of p38 MAPK by lipopolysaccharide stabilizes TNF-α mRNA. We hypothesized that the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulates this signaling pathway. Our results show that inhibition of PP2A by okadaic acid or small interference RNA significantly enhanced the stability of TNF-α mRNA. This result was associated with increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and MAPK-activated kinase 2 (MK-2). PP2A inhibition increased TTP phosphorylation and enhanced complex formation with chaperone protein 14-3-3. TTP physically interacted with PP2A in transfected mammalian cells. A functional consequence of TTP-14-3-3 complex formation appeared to be protection of TTP from dephosphorylation by inhibition of the binding of PP2A to phosphorylated TTP. Mutation of the MK-2 phosphorylation sites of TTP did not influence TNF-α adenosine/uridine-rich element binding and did not alter the increased TNF-α 3′-untranslated region-dependent luciferase activity induced by PP2A-small interference RNA silencing. Our data indicate that, although phosphorylation stabilizes TNF-α mRNA, PP2A regulates the mRNA stability by modulating the phosphorylation state of members of the p38/MK-2/TTP pathway.
DISSIMILATION OF GLUCOSE AT CONTROLLED pH VALUES BY PIGMENTED AND NON-PIGMENTED STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

Recently Malligo, Parr, and Robbins (1955) published studies on chromogenic bacteria, related to Escherichia coli, which they renamed Escherichia auresceus (Parr) comb. nov. In listing reasons for suggesting this classification they referred to metabolic products of these cultures, as reported in a personal communication concerning a study carried out in this laboratory. The data to which they referred are given in this report on the effects of pH on the products of anaerobic metabolism of glucose by pigmented and nonpigmented strains of Escherichia coli.
Online compressed robust PCA

In this work, we consider the problem of robust principal component analysis (RPCA) for streaming noisy data that has been highly compressed. This problem is prominent when one deals with high-dimensional and large-scale data and data compression is necessary. To solve this problem, we propose an online compressed RPCA algorithm to efficiently recover the low-rank components of raw data. Though data compression incurs severe information loss, we provide deep analysis on the proposed algorithm and prove that the low-rank component can be asymptotically recovered under mild conditions. Compared with other recent works on compressed RPCA, our algorithm reduces the memory cost significantly by processing data in an online fashion and reduces the communication cost by accepting sequential compressed data as input.
Family Check-Up Effects Across Diverse Ethnic Groups: Reducing Early-Adolescence Antisocial Behavior by Reducing Family Conflict

Multicultural responsiveness and adaptation have been a recent area of emphasis in prevention and intervention science. The changing demographics of the United States demand the development of intervention strategies that are acceptable and effective for diverse cultural and ethnic groups. The Family Check-Up (FCU) was developed to be an intervention framework that is flexible and adaptive to diverse cultural groups (Dishion & Stormshak, 2007). We empirically evaluated the extent to which the intervention is effective for improving youth adjustment and parent–child interactions for diverse cultural groups. A sample of 1,193 families was drawn from 2 large-scale randomized prevention trials conducted in diverse urban middle schools. We formulated 3 groups on the basis of youth self-identification of ethnicity (European American, African American, Hispanic) and examined group differences in the hypothesized mediating effect of family conflict (FC) on later antisocial behavior (ASB). Path analysis revealed that youths in the intervention condition reported significantly less ASB over a 2-year period (Grades 6–8). Moreover, youth-reported reductions in FC at 12 months were an intervening effect. Ethnicity did not moderate this relationship. Consistent with one of the primary tenets of coercion theory, participation in the FCU acts on ASB through FC across diverse ethnic groups, lending support to the multicultural competence of the model. Limitations of this study are discussed, along with areas for future research.
Nucleotide modulation of the activity of rat heart ATP‐sensitive K+ channels in isolated membrane patches.

1. We have measured the ATP dependence of KATP channel activity, and the effect of various metabolites on this relationship, in inside‐out membrane patches isolated from rat ventricular myocytes. 2. The inhibition of KATP channel activity by ATP could be described as a sigmoid function of [ATP] with a Hill coefficient (HATP) of 2 and a half‐maximal inhibition at an ATP concentration (Ki, ATP) of 25 microM, in the presence of 0 mM, or 0.5 mM, total [Mg2+]. The non‐hydrolysable ATP analogue, AMP‐PNP, also inhibited the channel with Ki, AMP‐PNP = 60 microM and HAMP‐PNP = 2. 3. Acidosis caused a small, but significant, increase in Ki, ATP from 25 microM at pH 7.25 to 50 microM at pH 6.25, but phosphate and lactate were without effect (at 20 mM) on channel activity. 4. In the absence of ATP or Mg2+, ADP3‐ inhibited channel activity with Ki, ADP = 275 microM, and HADP = 1.2. Other purine and pyrimidine triphosphates, diphosphates and monophosphates also inhibited the channel with apparent order of inhibitory effectiveness ATP greater than AMP‐PNP greater than ADP greater than CTP greater than GDP = AMP = ITP. 5. In the absence of Mg2+, but in the presence of 40 microM‐ATP, channel inhibition by GTP, ITP, CTP, GDP, ADP or AMP was additive with inhibition by ATP. 6. In the presence of 0.5 mM‐Mg2+ and 40 microM‐ATP, inhibition by GTP, GMP and AMP was still additive with inhibition by ATP. The diphosphates ADP and GDP, however, paradoxically increased channel activity in the presence of ATP. This increase in channel activity appeared to result from a competitive increase in Ki, ATP, MgADP did not appear to cause any inhibition of channel activity. 7. We conclude that, in cardiac tissue, KATP channels are regulated by [ATP], and that this regulation is sensitive to other intracellular nucleotides, Mg2+, and pH, but not to phosphate or lactate. A simple, interactive two binding‐site model is consistent with the nucleotide‐dependent regulation that we observe.
The estimation of average hazard ratios by weighted Cox regression

Often the effect of at least one of the prognostic factors in a Cox regression model changes over time, which violates the proportional hazards assumption of this model. As a consequence, the average hazard ratio for such a prognostic factor is under‐ or overestimated. While there are several methods to appropriately cope with non‐proportional hazards, in particular by including parameters for time‐dependent effects, weighted estimation in Cox regression is a parsimonious alternative without additional parameters. The methodology, which extends the weighted k‐sample logrank tests of the Tarone‐Ware scheme to models with multiple, binary and continuous covariates, has been introduced in the nineties of the last century and is further developed and re‐evaluated in this contribution. The notion of an average hazard ratio is defined and its connection to the effect size measure P(X
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Alternatively spliced isoforms of TRIP 8 b differentially control h channel trafficking and function

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Fuzzy preserving virtual polar coordinate space sensor networks for mobility performance consideration

One of the major problems in sensor networks is how to build a topology aligned to the practical environment. This paper presents a novel method for building a logical tree using Virtual Polar Coordinate Space (VPCS). This tree structure gives every node a pair of IDs representing an included angle. The angle range is a characteristic that indicates the relationship between the current node and the destination node. In such a structure, efficient routing strategies for utilising cross-links are provided without additional information. The maintenance of tree structure in a mobile environment is considered. This tree-like architecture is suitable for organising in sensor networks; however, it is a challenge to maintain the tree-like architecture, especially in sensor networks, each node can only provide limited functions. The essential point of this paper is to preserve the angle range for handling node's variations and a fuzzy system is adopted to estimate the preserving range.
Tightly-coupled Integration of GPS / INS and Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping

This paper presents a tightly integrated navigation system combining global positioning system (GPS) and inertial-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for UAV platforms. GPS raw measurements, called pseudorange and pseudorange rate, are directly fused to an inertial SLAM filter. A compressed form of unscented filtering is implemented by partitioning the map into a local and global one. The performance of the proposed method is analysed using a high-fidelity 6-degrees-of-freedom simulator, demonstrating accurate and robust navigation even under a single satellite observation. The information gain of bearing and elevation angles is further analysed offering effective sensing strategies.
Cellular-array modular multiplier for fast RSA public-key cryptosystem based on modified Booth's algorithm

We propose a radix-4 modular multiplication algorithm based on Montgomery's algorithm, and a fast radix-4 modular exponentiation algorithm for Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) public-key cryptosystem. By modifying Booth's algorithm, a radix-4 cellular-array modular multiplier has been designed and simulated. The radix-4 modular multiplier can be used to implement the RSA cryptosystem. Due to reduced number of iterations and pipelining, our modular multiplier is four times faster than a direct radix-2 implementation of Montgomery's algorithm. The time to calculate a modular exponentiation is about n/sup 2/ clock cycles, where n is the word length, and the clock cycle is roughly the delay time of a full adder. The utilization of the array multiplier is 100% when we interleave consecutive exponentiations. Locality, regularity, and modularity make the proposed architecture suitable for very large scale integration implementation. High-radix modular-array multipliers are also discussed, at both the bit level and digit level. Our analysis shows that, in terms of area-time product, the radix-4 modular multiplier is the best choice.
Olfactory cleft opacity and CT score are predictive factors of smell recovery after surgery in nasal polyposis.

OBJECTIVES To assess subjective improvement of olfactory function following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in chronic rhinosinusitis associated with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and to analyse factors of recovery with the European Test of Olfactory Capabilities (ETOC). METHODS We carried out a prospective study of 30 patients with CRSwNP from November 2011 to April 2013. The ETOC was filled the day before surgery and in the short term follow-up. Sixteen suprathreshold odorants with a detection task and a forced choice verbal identification task were tested. RESULTS The mean composite score (MCS) improved at 3 and 6 months. The preoperative MCS was correlated to the Lund-Mackay score and to the olfactory cleft opacification on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. Multivariate linear regression modelling of patients with preoperative anosmia showed that the olfactory recovery at 3 months was predicted by the preoperative Lund-Mackay score and the age, and at 6 months by the preoperative Lund-Mackay score. CONCLUSION With a convenient psychophysical test, we showed that olfactory cleft opacification and CT scan score could be predictive factors of olfaction disorder severity and improvement after ESS in CRSwNP. These results need to be strengthened in the long term with a larger panel of patients.
Étude vibratoire et dynamique d'un châssis d'autocar en aluminium

Selon des recherches recentes, certains autocars remplis de passagers depassaient les normes de chargement par essieux ce qui cause l'endommagement des routes. Manifestement, la reduction du poids des autocars en utilisant des materiaux legers tels que l'aluminium est necessaire. Certes, une conception en aluminium apporte un gain de poids considerable, une preservation de l'environnement tout en augmentant la resistance a la corrosion et aux charges concentrees. Elle nous procure aussi un cout d'entretien reduit et une consommation de carburant des plus moindres. Dans ce projet, la partie châssis de l'autocar a ete etudiee. Pour la realisation de cette etude, un modele analytique a ete developpe afin d'analyser la partie vibratoire et dynamique. Pour le modele vibratoire, le châssis a ete simplifie en une poutre simple a parois minces dont le poids, le volume et l'inertie sont tres proches de ceux du châssis de reference. Dans la partie dynamique de ce projet, les forces qui agissent sur les points d'appui du châssis de l'autocar ont ete calculees. Les resultats des modes vibratoires obtenus pour les châssis concus en aluminium et en acier de meme dimension sont similaires. Par contre, les forces et les contraintes appliquees sur les differents elements composant l'autocar sont elevees. D'autre part, la conception d'un châssis leger et resistant augmentera certainement les performances dynamiques d'un autocar (acceleration, freinage, etc.). La conception preliminaire demontre que le poids global du châssis concu a diminue de plus de 30 % par rapport a un châssis en acier standard. Ce resultat peut encore etre optimise en utilisant une conception plus amelioree.
A new approach to hyperspectral data compression using rational function approximation for spectral response curve fitting

Regarding to enormous data volumes of hyperspectral sensors containing hundreds of spectral bands and their very high between-band correlation, compression of this data type is an interesting issue for researchers. Since spectral information of hyperspectral image cube is more crucial than its spatial information, compression techniques must be able to preserve this information. In this paper a rational fraction function approximation approach is considered for spectral response curve fitting of each pixel of hyperspectral image. Coefficients of numerator and denominator are saved and considered as new features for signal representation. Results show that the proposed method provides good compression rates and the original data can be reconstructed in a good way. In addition, our method is applied to each pixel of hyperspectral individually and parallel implementation of it is possible.
Expanded Multilocus Sequence Typing and Comparative Genomic Hybridization of Campylobacter coli Isolates from Multiple Hosts

ABSTRACT The purpose of this work was to evaluate the evolutionary history of Campylobacter coli isolates derived from multiple host sources and to use microarray comparative genomic hybridization to assess whether there are particular genes comprising the dispensable portion of the genome that are more commonly associated with certain host species. Genotyping and ClonalFrame analyses of an expanded 16-gene multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data set involving 85 isolates from 4 different hosts species tentatively supported the development of C. coli host-preferred groups and suggested that recombination has played various roles in their diversification; however, geography could not be excluded as a contributing factor underlying the history of some of the groups. Population genetic analyses of the C. coli pubMLST database by use of STRUCTURE suggested that isolates from swine form a relatively homogeneous genetic group, that chicken and human isolates show considerable genetic overlap, that isolates from ducks and wild birds have similarity with environmental water samples and that turkey isolates have a connection with human infection similar to that observed for chickens. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was performed on these same data and suggested that host species was a significant factor in explaining genetic variation and that macrogeography (North America, Europe, and the United Kingdom) was not. The microarray comparative genomic hybridization data suggested that there were combinations of genes more commonly associated with isolates derived from particular hosts and, combined with the results on evolutionary history, suggest that this is due to a combination of common ancestry in some cases and lateral gene transfer in others.
Relative Clause Variation and the Unity of Beowulf

In this paper, I argue that quantitative data on relative clause variation in Old English provide additional evidence against the theory of multiple authorship of Beowulf. I show that aspects of various relative clause types in Beowulf are unique in the Old English poetic and prose corpus and homogenous throughout all three proposed parts of the poem. Comparison with the poems attributed to Cynewulf indicates that the frequency, distribution, and selection of relative clause types are consistent throughout an individual poet's compositions. Statistical analysis of the general distribution of relative clause types and factors such as the type of antecedent and its distance to the relative clause supports the hypothesis that Beowulf is a unified poem.I would like to thank R. D. Fulk, Kari Ellen Gade, and Rex A. Sprouse for comments and critiques of drafts of this paper, and audiences at “Studies in the History of the English Language I” at UCLA and “Philology in Germanic Studies at Illinois and Indiana V” at the University of Illinois for helpful discussion. Special thanks to Julie Auger for advice and her generous help with the VARBRUL analysis. Any remaining errors are of course my own.