Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abolishing Death: A Salvation Myth of Russian Twentieth-Century Literature

The idea of abolishing death was one of the most influential myth-making concepts expressed in Russian literature from 1900 to 1930, especially in the works of writers who attributed a "life-modeling" function to art. To them, art was to create a life so aesthetically organized and perfect that immortality would be an inevitable consequence. This idea was mirrored in the thought of some who believed that the political revolution of 1917 would bring about a revolution in basic existential facts: specifically, the belief that communism and the accompanying advance of science would ultimately be able to bestow physical immortality and to resurrect the dead. According to one variant, for example, the dead were to be resurrected by extrapolation from the traces of their labor left in the material world. The author finds the seeds of this extraordinary concept in the erosion of traditional religion in late-nineteenth-century Russia. Influenced by the new power of scientific inquiry, humankind appropriated various divine attributes one after the other, including omnipotence and omniscience, but eventually even aiming toward the realization of individual, physical immortality, and thus aspiring to equality with God. Writers as different as the "decadent" Fyodor Sologub, the "political" Maxim Gorky, and the "gothic" Nikolai Ognyov created works for making mortals into gods, transforming the raw materials of current reality into legend. The book first outlines the ideological context of the immortalization project, notably the impact of the philosophers Fyodorov and Solovyov. The remainder of the book consists of close readings of texts by Sologub, Gorky, Blok, Ognyov, and Zabolotsky. Taken together, the works yield the "salvation program" that tells people how to abolish death and live forever in an eternal, self-created cosmos-gods of a legend that was made possible by creative artists, imaginative scientists, and inspired laborers.
Interpretation of Zero Pronouns in Japanese Discourse in a Computational Model of Centering

It is well-known that pronouns referring to speakers/hearers or discourse topics often fail to be realized overtly in Japanese discourse. This explains why there are numerous sentences with more than one zero pronoun. The aim of this paper is to show how to identify antecedents of zero pronouns in Japanese conversations within the framework of Centering Theory [CT] (Grosz, Joshi, and Weinstein 1983, 1995). CT is a model of discourse comprehension with a particular focus on inter-sentential pronoun resolution. Gordon, Grosz, and Gilliom (1993), for example, argues on the basis of a series of experiments conducted on English speakers that a referent which serves as the focus of attention in each utterance (which is defined here as a clause with a predicate) is most likely to be realized as syntactic subject. This paper aims to extend Gordon et al.’s (1993) analysis of English written discourse to naturally-occurring dialogues in Japanese, a domain which has received much less attention than Japanese written discourse in the previous CT literature (Iida 1996, Kameyama 1998, Takei, Takada, and Aizawa 2000).
Karhunen-loeve transform for sleep spindle detection

Automatic detection of sleep and its analysis have significant applications in clinical and driver fatigue detection. The method proposed here is aimed at detecting sleep spindles which are hallmark of beginning stage of sleep. The method uses one-dimensional EEG signal to detect presence of spindles occurring in EEG signal with the help of Karhunen-Loeve transform. The transform represents sampled EEG signal in terms of a basis which carries transient characteristics of sleep spindle. Projecting an EEG signal onto the spindle basis generates transform coefficients whose magnitude will decide whether input contains spindle or not. This method is simple and very easy to execute with a sensitivity of 86.9% and specificity of 93.5%.
Taking a Systemic Perspective on Cognitive Assessments and Reports: Reflections of a Paediatric and Adolescent Psychology Service

This article discusses current approaches in the neuropsychological assessment of children and young people. An audit of assessments found that nearly a quarter of referrals for neuropsychological assessments could have been resolved more effectively without completing a cognitive assessment. The audit also found that families and young people often found the report difficult to understand or unhelpful. We highlight the difficulties we have had with specific aspects of this process in a paediatric and adolescent medicine psychology service, and discuss the approaches we have taken in the light of feedback from children, young people and parents. The article describes how a systemic framework has been used in processing and responding to referrals. It also gives case examples illustrating how systemic theory and principles have been incorporated into the written reports. Families have responded very favourably to the use of creative and child friendly language in the feedback.
Band-edge deformation potentials in a tight-binding framework.

We calculate, within the tight-binding approximation, hydrostatic and uniaxial deformation potentials for seven III-V compounds (GaAs, InAs, GaSb, AlSb, InSb, InP, and GaP). These deformation potentials are expressed in terms of (i) the usual tight-binding parameters describing the unstrained bulk, (ii) an analytical law for the dependence of these parameters upon distance, and (iii) (for the uniaxial [111] deformation potential only) the internal displacements. We show that it is possible to derive a "universal variation law" that provides deformation potentials in reasonable agreement with available experimental data.
Automatic Facial Expression Learning Method Based on Humanoid Robot XIN-REN

The ability of a humanoid robot to display human-like facial expressions is crucial to the natural human-computer interaction. To fulfill this requirement for an imitative humanoid robot, XIN-REN, an automatic facial expression learning method is proposed. In this method, first, a forward kinematics model, which is designed to reflect nonlinear mapping relationships between servo displacement vectors and corresponding expression shape vectors, is converted into a linear relationships between the mechanical energy of servo displacements and the potential energy of feature points, based on the energy conservation principle. Second, an improved inverse kinematics model is established under the constraints of instantaneous similarity and movement smoothness. Finally, online expression learning is employed to determine the optimal servo displacements for transferring the facial expressions of a human performer to the robot. To illustrate the performance of the proposed method, we conduct evaluation experiments on the forward kinematics model and the inverse kinematics model, based on the data collected from the robot's random states as well as fixed procedures by animators. Further, we evaluate the facial imitation ability with different values of the weighting factor, according to three sequential indicators (space-similarity, time-similarity, and movement smoothness). Experimental results indicate that the deviations in mean shape and position do not exceed 6 pixels and 3 pixels, respectively, and the average servo displacement deviation does not exceed 0.8%. Compared with other related studies, the proposed method maintains better space-time similarity with the performer, besides ensuring smoother trajectory for multiframe sequential imitation.
Health-related quality of life in a population-based sample of men with long-term mental symptoms

It is not known whether somatic factors related to overall health and lifestyles or psychological factors, including confirmed psychiatric diagnoses, are associated with the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of men in a population-based sample. The aim of this study was to investigate socio-demographic, somatic and psychological factors associated with HRQL in men having mental symptoms during the 7 previous years. This cross-sectional sample of men (n=63) was investigated in 2004–05 and was based on a previous three-phase follow-up study that began in 1998. Blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, serum lipids and testosterone levels were measured. Psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed with using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Several mental symptoms were assessed with standardized scales. HRQL was measured with the RAND-36 using the physical (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores. A poor HRQL in PCS was found in 73% of men and in MCS in 54%. Depressive symptoms, life dissatisfaction, male symptoms of aging and alexithymia were associated with both impaired PCS and MCS scores. Hopelessness, lifetime and current diagnoses of major depressive disorder and signs of suicidality only associated with a poorer MCS score. Somatic factors describing lifestyles and overall health only weakly associated with HRQL. In general, HRQL was poor in men having long-term mental symptoms. Mental health factors were strongly associated with PCS and MCS scores of HRQL. In improving HRQL in men, both physical and mental domains should be targeted in preventive and curative strategies.
Characterization of relative biological effectiveness for conventional radiation therapy: a comparison of clinical 6 MV X-rays and 137Cs

ABSTRACT Various types of radiation are utilized in the treatment of cancer. Equal physical doses of different radiation types do not always result in the same amount of biological damage. In order to account for these differences, a scaling factor known as the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) can be used. 137Cesium (137Cs) has been used as a source of radiation in a significant body of radiation therapy research. However, high-energy X-rays, such as 6 MV X-rays, are currently used clinically to treat patients. To date, there is a gap in the literature regarding the RBE comparison of these two types of radiation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the RBE of 137Cs relative to that of 6 MV X-rays. To determine the RBE, five cell lines were irradiated [Chinese hamster ovary (CHO); human lung adenocarcinoma (A549); human glioma (U251); human glioma (T98); and human osteosarcoma (U2OS)] by both types of radiation and assessed for cell survival using a clonogenic assay. Three of the five cell lines resulted in RBE values of ~1.00 to within 11% for all survival fractions, showing the physical and biological dose for these two types of radiation were equivalent. The other two cell lines gave RBE values differing from 1.00 by up to 36%. In conclusion, the results show the range in biological effect seen between cell lines, and therefore cell type must be considered when characterizing RBE.
Situational determinants of assertive behaviors.

Thirty-two assertive situations that varied in social-interpersonal context were administered to 60 hospitalized psychiatric patients via role playing. Half of the role-played situations required the expression of negative (hostile) assertiveness, and the other half required positive (commendatory) assertive expression. Situational context was varied by having the subjects respond to male and female interpersonal partners who were either familiar or unfamiliar to patients. Responses were videotaped and rated on five measures of speech content and seven measures of nonverbal behavior. Additionally, groups of high- and low-assertive patients were identified from the total sample using a behavioral measure of global assertiveness and a self-report instrument. Results indicated that interpersonal behavior in assertive situations varied as a function of social context. Further, highland low-assertive subjects were differentiated on the basis of 9 of the 12 measures of interpersonal behavior. Support for a stimulus specific theory of assertive behaviors and implications for assertive training are discussed.
Passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis replicates soleus but not gastrocnemius muscle function during stance in gait: Insights for orthosis prescription

Background: Passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis characteristics, including bending stiffness, should be customized for individuals. However, while conventions for customizing passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis characteristics are often described and implemented in clinical practice, there is little evidence to explain their biomechanical rationale. Objectives: To develop and combine a model of a customized passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis with a healthy musculoskeletal model and use simulation tools to explore the influence of passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis bending stiffness on plantar flexor function during gait. Study design: Dual case study. Methods: The customized passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis characteristics were integrated into a healthy musculoskeletal model available in OpenSim. Quasi-static forward dynamic simulations tracked experimental gait data under several passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis conditions. Predicted muscle activations were calculated through a computed muscle control optimization scheme. Results: Simulations predicted that the passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthoses substituted for soleus but not gastrocnemius function. Induced acceleration analyses revealed the passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis acts like a uniarticular plantar flexor by inducing knee extension accelerations, which are counterproductive to natural knee kinematics in early midstance. Conclusion: These passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthoses can provide plantar flexion moments during mid and late stance to supplement insufficient plantar flexor strength. However, the passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthoses negatively influenced knee kinematics in early midstance. Clinical relevance Identifying the role of passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis stiffness during gait provides biomechanical rationale for how to customize passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthoses for patients. Furthermore, these findings can be used in the future as the basis for developing objective prescription models to help drive the customization of passive-dynamic ankle–foot orthosis characteristics.
Duration Affects Vowel Perception in Estonian and Finnish

Identification of vowels in quantity languages is usually considered to be independent of vowel duration since duration is used to realise the quantity oppositions and thus supposed to not be available as a cue for other features. To test the role of microdurational variations in vowel category perception in Estonian and Finnish listening experiments with synthetic stimuli were carried out, involving five vowel pairs along the close-open axis. The results show that in the case of high-mid vowel pairs vowel openness correlates positively with stimulus duration; in mid-low vowel pairs such correlation was only found for some of the Finnish subjects. We explain the observed difference between high-mid and mid-low pairs with the hypothesis that in case of shorter perceptual distances in vowel quality (high-mid area of vowel space) intrinsic duration plays the role of a secondary feature to enhance perceptual contrast between vowels, whereas in case of mid-low oppositions the perceptual distance is large enough to guarantee the necessary perceptual contrast by spectral features alone and vowel intrinsic duration as an additional cue is not needed.
A Tool for Protecting Electronic Data in Centralized Database using Improved Advance Encryption Standard (AES) and Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)

In recent years, there is a wide amount of data available; which can be any one’s personal data or any organization’s important data. The main problem is to hide sensitive information, which include personal information, fact or even pattern which is generated by any data mining algorithm. Hence the desire to keep our own sensitive data secret in multiparty storage system is an important challenge of privacy preserving. The traditional privacy protection methods cannot do well, facing an urgent need for privacy protection in data mining, when they protect sensitive data. This paper propose a technique that protect electronic data in centralized database using Improved Advance Encryption Standard(AES) and Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) This method is suitable for any type of data liketext, image and video.
Transmission of 2.5-Gb/s WDM channels spaced at 5 GHz over 480 km of single-mode fiber

We have demonstrated the transmission of six 2.5-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) signals spaced at 5 GHz over 480 km of single-mode fiber. In this experiment, the WDM signals were demultiplexed by using a simple optical filter despite their extremely narrow channel spacing. The optical bandwidth of this filter was optimized by considering both the interchannel crosstalk and intersymbol interference. The results indicate that it should be possible to transmit more than 1000 2.5-Gb/s channels spaced at 5 GHz.
Building Seniors' Social Connections and Reducing Loneliness Through a Digital Game

Quality of life is related to social interactions as social connectedness can be an important aspect in older adults’ sense of well-being. Technology offers many opportunities for older adults to build social connections and possibly reduce feelings of loneliness. In recent years, investigations into using digital games for older adults have shown some positive results. This study involved 73 participants in 14 different centres across a large city in western Canada. The group played in a Wii digital bowling tournament that lasted for eight weeks. Pre and post-tests were given to measure social connectedness, and loneliness. Semistructured interviews then were conducted with 17 participants. Positive results were found for social connectedness and loneliness.
ASCID : le noyau centrral de douze facteurs expliquant la conduite en éducation thérapeutique du patient

Introduction : Il importe que l’intervenant en ETP ait une vue claire de la nature des (nombreux) facteurs qui influencent chez une personne la prise de conscience, puis la decision, puis la conduite durable et son efficacite. Dans ce but, est propose un modele que nous avons developpe pendant plusieurs annees au CERES de l’universite de Liege et au Laboratoire de pedagogie de la sante (LPS) de l’Universite Paris 13, et appele « Facteurs de production et de maintien de la conduite ». Si l’on designe ces facteurs par leurs premieres lettres, on trouve, au cœur du modele, l’acronyme ASCID (Attitudes, Savoir-Faire, Connaissance, Image de soi, Decision). Objectifs : Ce modele, concu pour l’education pour la sante et l’environnement en general, n’est donc pas limite a l’ETP, mais il s’y adapte particulierement bien. L’interet et la fecondite de ce modele ont ete mis a l’epreuve pendant plus de 25 ans avec des cohortes d’etudiants et de professionnels impliques dans l’ETP, pour analyser des situations, des cas, et imaginer les actions possibles de l’educateur. Description : Les methodes de diagnostic et d’interventions en ETP viennent se superposer au modele du fonctionnement du patient. Pour rendre la description du modele plus digeste pour le lecteur, nous partons d’un cas familier (le SIDA) et nous recourons tout au long de cet article a des cas illustrant les concepts.
Low-Noise Dual-Frequency Laser for Compact Cs Atomic Clocks

We report the dual-frequency and dual-polarization emission of an optically-pumped vertical external-cavity semiconductor laser. Our laser source provides a high-purity optically-carried RF signal tunable in the GHz range, and is specifically designed for the coherent population trapping (CPT) of Cs atoms in compact atomic clocks. The laser spectrum is stabilized onto a Cs atomic transition at 852.1 nm, and the frequency difference is locked to a local oscillator at 9.2 GHz. Special attention has been paid to the evaluation of the frequency, intensity and phase noise properties. A maximum phase noise of -90 dBrad2/Hz has been measured. Finally, we estimate the contribution of the laser noise on the short-term frequency stability of a CPT atomic clock, and predict that a value below 3 × 10-13 over one second is a realistic target.
A Retrospective Study of the Relationship Between Back Pain and Unilateral Knee Osteoarthritis in Candidates for Total Knee Arthroplasty

The purpose of this study was to determine the presence and temporal relationship between back pain and knee osteoarthritis (OA). All subjects were candidates for unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to relieve knee pain related to OA, and information regarding the prevalence of back pain was collected via questionnaires. A total of 42 subjects with unilateral knee OA responded to the questionnaires, and 74% of subjects reported chronic back pain, which first occurred approximately 10 years before their becoming candidates for TKA. All but 1 subject reported the onset of back pain prior to TKA candidacy, and less than 15% of subjects felt that their worst back pain occurred after the onset of knee OA. The results of this study are a first step toward quantifying the temporal relationship between back pain and unilateral knee OA, and future studies will look to assess potential risk factors for knee OA such as strength, biomechanical, and anatomical asymmetry.
Percutaneous Application of Peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus Induces Mast Cell Development in Mouse Spleen

Background: Previously, we found that percutaneous application of peptidoglycan (PEG) from Staphylococcus aureus increased the number of mast cells in the dermis, as seen in patients with atopic dermatitis. However, the origin of the mast cells infiltrating the dermis was not known. Our aim was to determine the origin of the skin mast cells induced by the percutaneous PEG application in mice. Methods: PEG was applied to barrier-disrupted abdominal skin of mice every 5 days. Twenty days after the first application, mast cells were detected in the spleen cells by alcian blue-safranin staining. Expression of mast cell proteases and cytokines in the skin or spleen was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Percutaneous application of PEG increased the numbers of alcian blue-positive and safranin-negative mast cells in the spleen. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the spleen showed that these mast cells expressed mouse mast cell protease (MMCP)-1, MMCP-4, MMCP-5, and mast cell carboxypeptidase, suggesting that they were immature cells positioned developmentally between mucosal mast cells and connective tissue mast cells. In vitro long-term culture of spleen cells in the presence of PEG induced mast cell development. The features of these mast cells were coincident with those seen in the spleens of PEG-applied mice. Furthermore, when mice were intradermally injected, their skin showed increased levels of expression of mRNAs of MMCP-4, MMCP-5, and mast cell carboxypeptidase, but not MMCP-1. Similar mRNA expression was observed in the skin of PEG-applied mice. Conclusions: Percutaneous application of PEG may lead to the development of mast cells in the spleens of mice and contribute to an increase in mast cell numbers in the dermis, as seen in the skin lesions of atopic dermatitis patients.