Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The gene order for rubella virus structural proteins is NH2-C-E2-E1-COOH

The order of translation in vivo of the genes coding for rubella virus structural proteins was studied in infected B-Vero cells. The proteins were sequentially pulse-chase labeled with [35S]methionine after synchronization of translation initiation with hypertonic salt treatment. A sequential labeling procedure ("window-labeling") to specifically label defined segments of the structural proteins was also used. The labeled proteins were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis after immunoprecipitation with specific antisera directed against the two virion glycoproteins (E1 and E2a/E2b) and the nucleocapsid (C) protein. The order of translation was found to be NH2-C-E2-E1-COOH. We have previously shown that the structural proteins are synthesized in vitro from a cytoplasmic 24S subgenomic mRNA as a 110,000-dalton (p110) precursor (Oker-Blom et al., J. Virol. 49:403-408, 1984). Here, it is shown that p110 is precipitated with anti-C, anti-E2, and anti-E1 sera, indicating that p110 is the precursor of all three structural proteins. Two major in vitro translation products (Mrs, 66,000 and 62,000) that could represent preterminated polypeptide chains or proteolytic cleavage products were precipitated with anti-C and anti-E2 sera, but not with anti-E1 serum, indicating, in conformity with the in vivo results, that the genes for the C and E2 proteins are adjacent to each other. Using these specific antisera, we have also confirmed the identity of the unglycosylated forms of E1 (Mr, 53,000) and E2 (Mr, 30,000) immunoprecipitated from tunicamycin-treated infected cells.
A review on recent advances in spectrum sensing, energy efficiency and security threats in cognitive radio network

In the last decade there is a vast development in the wireless communication and new wireless devices so the demand of the radio spectrum is increasing, There is a need of efficient spectrum utilization because due to fixed assignment policy a huge portion of licensed spectrum is underutilized. To exploit the radio spectrum in a more intelligent and flexible way, regulatory bodies are reviewing their policies by adopting innovative communication technology. Cognitive Radio is a revolutionary technology which enables access to underutilized spectrum efficiently and dynamically without causing interference to the licensed users. In the last few years there has been significant development in cognitive radio technology. This paper reviews recent development and advances in three key areas of cognitive radio network - spectrum sensing, security and energy efficiency. In this paper the fundamentals of cognitive radio is first discussed and than existing work is reviewed.
Avalanche dynamics in a deposition model with "sliding"

We introduce a simple model of "avalanches" in which there is continuous deposition of mass on a "tilted" substrate, with avalanches occurring whenever the mass at a given site reaches a preassigned threshold value h, . The avalanche is defined to sweep away all mass which is downhill from the initiation event. Basic dynamical features are studied, including the distribution of avalanche sizes and the time intervals between avalanches. For a one-dimensional "slope" of length L, the i —i //1 average avalanche size is found to scale as L ', and in the continuum limit the averaged steady—j /pI state mass distribution a distance x from the top of the slope scales as x '. Qualitatively similar results are found for avalanches on a two-dimensional substrate. Contrasts between the present avalanche model and models of self-organized criticality are discussed.
Treatment of Anemia in Patients With Heart Disease

BACKGROUND The benefits of anemia treatment in patients with heart disease are uncertain. PURPOSE To evaluate the benefits and harms of treatments for anemia in adults with heart disease. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases; clinical trial registries; reference lists; and technical advisors. STUDY SELECTION English-language trials of blood transfusions, iron, or erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in adults with anemia and congestive heart failure or coronary heart disease and observational studies of transfusion. DATA EXTRACTION Data on study design, population characteristics, hemoglobin levels, and health outcomes were extracted. Trials were assessed for quality. DATA SYNTHESIS Low-strength evidence from 6 trials and 26 observational studies suggests that liberal transfusion protocols do not improve short-term mortality rates compared with less aggressive protocols (combined relative risk among trials, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.42]; I2 = 16.8%), although decreased mortality rates occurred in a small trial of patients with the acute coronary syndrome (1.8% vs. 13.0%; P = 0.032). Moderate-strength evidence from 3 trials of intravenous iron found improved short-term exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Moderate- to high-strength evidence from 17 trials of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy found they offered no consistent benefits, but their use may be associated with harms, such as venous thromboembolism. LIMITATIONS Few trials have examined transfusions in patients with heart disease, and observational studies are potentially confounded by indication. Data supporting iron use come mainly from 1 large trial, and long-term effects are unknown. CONCLUSION Higher transfusion thresholds do not consistently improve mortality rates, but large trials are needed. Intravenous iron may help to alleviate symptoms in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency and also warrants further study. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents do not seem to benefit patients with mild to moderate anemia and heart disease and may be associated with serious harms. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
Polylink: to support two-point linkage analysis in autotetraploids

SUMMARY Polylink runs under Microsoft Windows (95 or later). It performs various calculations that are useful for investigating two-point linkage analysis for autopolyploids, based on the random chromosome pairing model. These include calculation of offspring phenotypic probabilities as functions of the recombination fraction, calculation of theoretical standard errors for the maximum likelihood estimator of and numerical computation of maximum likelihood estimates. It also includes simulation facilities. AVAILABILITY Polylink is free and available from Xiangming Xu via email
A new Pseudophoxinus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) species from Asi River Drainage (Turkey)

Abstract Pseudophoxinus turani sp. n. is described from the İncesu Spring (Hassa-Hatay) drainage of Asi River, Turkey. It is distinguished from other Eastern Mediterranean Region Pseudophoxinus species by a combination of characters: lateral line incomplete, with 12–25 (commonly 16–21) perforated scales and 38–46+2-3 scales in lateral series (commonly 41–44+2-3); 10–11 scale rows between the lateral line and dorsal-fin origin; 3–4 scale rows between the lateral line and the pelvic–fin origin; dorsal fin with 7½ branched rays; anal fin commonly with 7½ branched rays; 8-11gill rakers on the first branchial arch; dorsal profile markedly convex with marked hump at the nape, ventral profile less convex than dorsal profile; a small, irregular, black blotch on the base of the caudal fin; mouth terminal, with slightly distinct chin, its corner not reaching vertical through anterior margin of eye; snout somewhat long, with rounded tip; and its length greater than eye diameter.
Advance of research on technology acceptance

It gets extensive attention by scholars since the TAM is put forward. From the most primitive TAM to recently UTAUT2 proposed by Venkatesh, different scholars in different fields study on various TAM from different angles, and the technology acceptance related models experiences a series of development course. This study systematically arranges the papers in leading journals of technology acceptance study, takes the evolution process of each model as a logical clue, analyzes the technology acceptance research context systematically, and also points out the deficiencies in the technology acceptance research with the hope of providing some reference for the follow-up study.
Relational Joins on GPUs: A Closer Look

The problem of scaling out relational join performance for large data sets in the database management system (DBMS) has been studied for years. Although in-memory DBMS engines can reduce load times by storing data in the main memory, join queries still remain computationally expensive. Modern graphics processing units (GPUs) provide massively parallel computing and may enhance the performance of such join queries; however, it is not clear yet in what condition relational joins perform well on GPUs. In this paper, we identify the performance characteristics of GPU computing for relational joins by implementing several well-known GPU-based join algorithms under various configurations. Experimental results indicate that the speedup ratio of GPU-based relational joins to CPU-based counterparts depends on the number of compute cores, the size of data sets, join conditions, and join algorithms. In the best case, the speedup ratios are up to 6.67 times for non-index joins, 9.41 times for sort index joins, and 2.55 times for hash joins. The execution time of GPU-based implementation for index joins, on the other hand, is only about 0.696 times less than the execution time of the CPU’s counterparts.
Fault-Tolerant 256K Memory Designs

A series of designs for a 256K memory are presented which integrate error-correcting coding into the memory organization. Starting from a simple single-error correcting product code, the successive designs explore trade-offs in coding efficiency, access delay, and complexity of communication and computation. In the most powerful design, all the 256K bits are organized so that they form a codeword in a double-error-correcting triple-error-detecting code derived from a projective plane. Because all of the bits are components of this single codeword, the coding efficiency is very high; the required parity check bits increase the storage by only 3 percent, approximately. Single error correction can take place at the time of a read with very little additional delay compared to that of a normal irredundant memory. Multiple error correction can be performed by the memory management system. A variety of failure modes, including failure of a whole column of one of the constituent 64 x 64 subarrays can be tolerated. Writing into the memory is somewhat slower than in a conventional memory, involving a read-write cycle.
Activities of 7-Nitroindazole and 1-(2-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)-imidazole Independent of Neuronal Nitric-Oxide Synthase Inhibition

7-Nitroindazole (NI) is a widely used inhibitor of neuronal nitricoxide synthase (nNOS) used to study the role of the neuronal NO pathway in the nervous system. 7-NI prevents convulsions, including 2-amino-4-methylphosphinobutyric acid (glufosinate)-induced convulsions, in experimental models. Herein, we examined nNOS involvement in glufosinate-induced convulsions and the specificity of 7-NI for nNOS. Another nNOS inhibitor, 1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]imidazole (TRIM), inhibited NOS activity in vivo, and it prevented glufosinate-induced convulsions. In contrast, an endothelial NOS inhibitor, N5-(1-iminoethyl)-l-ornithine, inhibited NOS activity in vivo, but it did not prevent the convulsions. These results suggest the involvement of nNOS in glufosinate-induced convulsions. However, a nonspecific NOS inhibitor, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, inhibited NOS activity in vivo, but it failed to prevent glufosinate-induced convulsions. 6-NI and indazole, which did not inhibit NOS activity in vivo, suppressed glufosinate-induced convulsions. Moreover, glufosinate elicited convulsions in nNOS-deficient mice. These results suggest the anticonvulsant effects of 7-NI and TRIM on glufosinate-induced convulsions do not involve nNOS inhibition, instead possibly being related to an undefined property of nitrogen-containing chemical structures.
Turkiye’de Hanehalki Yoksullugu

Yoksulluk, tum dunyada oldugu gibi Turkiye’de de goz ardi edilemeyecek sosyolojik bir gercektir ve acilen cozumlenmesi gereken birinci sorun haline gelmistir. Bu calismanin amaci, Turkiye geneli, kentsel ve kirsal kesim icin hanehalki yoksulluk duzeyini belirleyen unsurlari analiz etmektir. Turkiye Istatistik Kurumu (TUIK) tarafindan gerceklestirilen 2004 yili Hanehalki Butce Anketi ham verileri kullanilarak yapilan analizlerde logit model kullanilmistir. Sonuclar, yoksullugun en onemli belirleyicilerinin hanehalki reisinin isteki durumu, isyerinin statusu, isyeri faaliyeti ve hanehalki buyuklugu oldugunu gostermistir.
Motion error analysis of 3D coordinates of airborne LIDAR under typical terrains

With the expansion of airborne LIDAR application, the requirements of accuracy and reliability for airborne LIDAR are increasing. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the motion errors of airborne LIDAR data in order to correct errors and improve accuracy. In this paper, in connection with five kinds of typical terrains, a method for the analysis of dynamic 3D coordinate errors is proposed and models for motion errors of 3D coordinates under typical terrains are established. By choosing the flight altitude, point cloud spacing, instantaneous scanning angle, and other variables, the static and dynamic simulations are conducted. Then the corresponding simulation results are analyzed comparatively. It is shown that 3D coordinate errors are the smallest under flat terrain. On the other hand, under non-flat terrain, the greater the slop angle, the greater the 3D coordinate errors are. The error along flight direction is greater than that along the other two directions. In addition, dynamic 3D coordinate errors are much greater than static 3D coordinate errors. For example, static elevation error is about 0.16m, while dynamic elevation error is 1.02m. In conclusion, it is favorable to select the appropriate flight altitude, point cloud spacing and instantaneous scanning angle as to improve the measurement accuracy.
Left Ventricle Segmentation in Cardiac Ultrasound Using Hough-Forests With Implicit Shape and Appearance Priors

We propose a learning based approach to perform automatic segmentation of the left ventricle in 3D cardiac ultrasound images. The segmentation contour is estimated through the use of a variant of Hough forests whose object localization capabilities are coupled with a patch-wise, appearance driven, contour estimation strategy. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a dataset of 30 images acquired from 15 patients using different equipment and settings.
Insulin and IGF‐1 enhance the expression of the neuronal monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 by translational activation via stimulation of the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–Akt–mammalian target of rapamycin pathway

MCT2 is the main neuronal monocarboxylate transporter essential for facilitating lactate and ketone body utilization as energy substrates. Our study reveals that treatment of cultured cortical neurons with insulin and IGF‐1 led to a striking enhancement of MCT2 immunoreactivity in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. Surprisingly, neither insulin nor IGF‐1 affected MCT2 mRNA expression, suggesting that regulation of MCT2 protein expression occurs at the translational rather than the transcriptional level. Investigation of the putative signalling pathways leading to translation activation revealed that insulin and IGF‐1 induced p44‐ and p42 MAPK, Akt and mTOR phosphorylation. S6 ribosomal protein, a component of the translational machinery, was also strongly activated by insulin and IGF‐1. Phosphorylation of p44‐ and p42 MAPK was blocked by the MEK inhibitor PD98058, while Akt phosphorylation was abolished by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Phosphorylation of mTOR and S6 was blocked by the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. In parallel, it was observed that LY294002 and rapamycin almost completely blocked the effects of insulin and IGF‐1 on MCT2 protein expression, whereas PD98059 and SB202190 (a p38K inhibitor) had no effect on insulin‐induced MCT2 expression and only a slight effect on IGF‐1‐induced MCT2 expression. At the subcellular level, a significant increase in MCT2 protein expression within an intracellular pool was observed while no change at the cell surface was apparent. As insulin and IGF‐1 are involved in synaptic plasticity, their effect on MCT2 protein expression via an activation of the PI3K–Akt–mTOR–S6K pathway might contribute to the preparation of neurons for enhanced use of nonglucose energy substrates following altered synaptic efficacy.
Design and Implementation of ANFIS Controller Based Grid Connected Voltage Source Inverters in RTOS Environment

In this manuscript it is proposed and demonstrated that how an ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) can be used in the control of a Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) connected to the grid. Volatile changes in the gird parameters rising by its variable demands and other related issues may humiliate the efficiency with which power can be injected into the grid. The system becomes a higher order one with the filters used at the terminal of the Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) along with the parameters of the grid which change from time to time. Single time tuned mathematical controllers like the PID variants are not suitable for such applications. Considering the increased order of the system and the associated non-linearity we have to look out for intelligent controllers. An ANFIS based control is found to be promising; the development and implementation of one such are demonstrated in this paper using the MATLAB SIMULINK platform and through experimental verification using the Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Microcontroller Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) processor as the central controller for the VSI.
Improved face recognition by combining information from multiple cameras in Automatic Border Control system

Automatic Border Control (ABC) systems employ biometrics for the identity verification of the travelers. Among the various biometric modalities, the face biometric is predominately used by considering its many advantages including contactless capture, non-intrusive and user-friendly interaction. Since the inflow of passengers at the airport is growing with time, the ABC systems are expected to work with high throughput. One way of addressing this is by performing the on-the-fly face recognition with ABC systems. However, due to various factors, including the change in illumination conditions, it is often challenging to capture a good quality face sample to facilitate a speedy biometric recognition with the ABC systems. One possible way to address this is by employing multiple cameras to capture different views of the face and then combine these views in the face recognition system. In this paper, we propose a framework for combining the information from multiple cameras to improve the face recognition accuracy. To this extent, we investigate five different fusion schemes to present an empirical study on a prototype version of MorphoWay™ ABC system. Extensive experiments are carried out on a database of 61 subjects that are recorded using a prototype version of MorphoWay™ ABC system in three different lighting conditions. The experimental results indicate the improvement in face recognition performance by combing information from multiple cameras in the prototype version of MorphoWay™ ABC system.
Serum Magnesium in the First Week of Life in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Background: Evidence that antenatal administration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) to women in preterm labor may confer fetal neuroprotection is growing. MgSO4 crosses the placenta and can affect the neonate. Magnesium homeostasis in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants remains to be clarified. Objectives: We aimed to assess the natural progression of serum magnesium (Mg) in ELBW infants not exposed to antenatal MgSO4 during the first month of life. Methods: Laboratory data of a group of ELBW infants born in a tertiary center over a 1-year period were analyzed. Serum Mg was recorded daily for the first week and thereafter each week for a month for each infant. Concurrent calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase were measured. Results: 51 preterm infants (24 female) with a birth weight <1,000 g were included (33 were born at <27 weeks’ gestation). The mean magnesium ranged from 0.9 to 1.1 mmol/l over the first week with a minimum of 0.62 mmol/l and maximum of 1.53 mmol/l. Mg rises in the first few days before stabilizing and remains within a narrow range thereafter. Conclusions: In ELBW infants, Mg tends to rise initially then stabilize and remain normal thereafter. The effect of antenatal MgSO4 on magnesium homeostasis requires further study.
Reconstruction vaginale dans les exentérations pelviennes : quelle technique ? Quels résultats ?

L’exenteration pelvienne est une procedure chirurgicale longue et mutilante, au cours de laquelle une ou deux stomies permanentes sont construites et le vagin souvent enleve. Malgre les complications physiques et psychologiques majeures, cette chirurgie trouve sa place dans le traitement des femmes atteintes de cancer de la region pelvienne. L’amelioration des techniques operatoires et anesthesiques permet un taux de survie a 5 ans de 40 a 60%. La reconstruction vaginale dans ce contexte presente de nombreux avantages. Elle permet une meilleure cicatrisation post operatoire, un examen pelvien interessant dans le cadre du suivi a long terme ; elle aide au retablissement de l’image corporelle et elle permet eventuellement une reprise des rapports sexuels. La technique de reference est le lambeau musculo-cutane du grand droit de l’abdomen. Cependant, les resultats fonctionnels a long terme sont decevants. Les enterocolpoplasties, utilisees depuis de nombreuses annees en chirugie pediatrique ou en chirurgie de reorientation sexuelle, semblent satisfaisantes. De plus, la generalisation de la coeliochirurgie et de la robotique amelioreront probablement encore ces resultats.
Repeated dose dermal toxicity study of nano zinc oxide with Sprague-Dawley rats

Context: In light of the increased use of zinc oxide nanoparticles in cosumer products such as sunscreens, there is a need for screening the potential dermal toxicity of these nanoparticles. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the risk associated with the nano zinc oxide at realistic exposure levels through dermal route. This study is to understand the toxic potential of nano zinc oxide through repeated dermal exposure for a period of 28 days. Materials and methods: Six- to 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were applied with three different doses (75, 180, and 360 mg/kg body weight) of nano zinc oxide (20 nm) at 5 days/week basis for a period of 28 days. The dose levels were calculated taking into consideration the percentage of nanomaterial in the sunscreen, number of application times, and average weight of the consumer in order to assess the realistic risk related to it. Control group animals were applied with distilled water alone. The collagen content was estimated in skin and tail of all the treated and control animals. Results: The content was significantly decreased in all the nano zinc oxide-treated groups with an inverse dose relationship. Discussion and conclusion: The percentage collagen loss was high in skin when compared with tail. This may be due to the site of application where in the nano zinc oxide may be passed through skin due to their small size and may induce oxidative stress. Hence, we suggest that regulators and industry need to address the toxicity of nanomaterials with a realistic exposure assessment rather following conventional dose measurements following existing protocols.