Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Well-being and Open Spaces in and around Terraced Housing

While the impact of the public open spaces on the well-being of urban dwellers has been considerably studied and precise, research on the significance of the private and shared open spaces in the residential environment to the well-being of the residents are limited and unclear. This limitation may be connected with the heterogeneity nature of the residential environment. This study examines the contributions of private and shared open spaces to the well-being of residents in terraced housing in Sheffield, UK, a typical high-density housing, from the perspective of these residents using a combination of mapping and survey approaches. The study collects and analyses both qualitative and quantitative data from 200 households living in terraced housing in Walkley neighbourhood, Sheffield, who were selected through a systematic random sampling strategy. The questionnaire and the sitemap designed for the study gathered information from the study population about the typologies, features, and usage of open spaces and how these open spaces impact their well-being. The resulting qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using thematic, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results of the research suggest that residents of the terraced housing perceive that both private and shared open spaces in and around their houses contribute to the multi-dimension of well-being, physical, social, emotional and economical, in their households. The emotional and social well-being constitute the greater level of well-being expressed. However, neighbour’s behaviour, privacy, and open space design are significant predictors to the usage of private and shared open spaces, and proportionately impact the perceived sense of well-being of the residents. Moreover, results indicate a significant association and positive correlation between greenery of the private and shared open spaces and perceived well-being of the residents. Besides, both the private or shared open spaces and the neighbourhood open spaces were indicated to be complementary or supplementary as results showed a significant association and positive correlation between them and 80% of the respondents use both. However, 74% of these respondents preferred the private open spaces abutting their houses to the shared and neighbourhood open spaces in their residential environment. The study concludes that private and shared open spaces in the residential environment contribute to the positive well-being of residents, especially in terraced housing, and therefore, should be designed to enhance residents’ well-being.
Rapid Health Needs Assessment Experience in 11 August 2012 East Azerbaijan Earthquakes: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: In disasters, health care providers need to find out the essential needs of the affected populations through Rapid Health Needs Assessment (RHNA). In East Azerbaijan earthquakes, a rapid assessment was performed by the provincial health system. The main purpose of this study was to explore the RHNA challenges. Methods: In this qualitative study (Grounded theory), data was collected through semi-structured interviews with purposely selected health care workers. The data collection process continued until data saturation. All interviews were recorded and then transcribed. The Colaizzi's descriptive method was used to analyze the data. Results: The themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews were: 1) Logistic problems 2) Lack of RHNA tools 3) Inherent difficulty of RHNA in disaster situations 4) Lack of preparedness and 5) Lack of coordination between different organizations. These challenges result in inapplicable use of RHNA results. Conclusion: The most important challenge in this RHNA process was the lack of East Azerbaijan health center preparedness. Although they were familiar with the importance of RHNA, they did not have any plans for conducting RHNA.
Document indexing in text categorization

Aiming at the characteristic of text categorization, this paper proposes an improved method of computing term weights, tfidfie, based on the traditional tfidf function that is generally used in most classifiers. In comparison with the tfidf function, the tfidfie function adds an information entropy factor, H, which represents the distribution of documents in the training set in which the term occurs. The experiments show tfidfie outperforms tfidf. In addition, this paper analyses the difference of using information entropy factor H between document categorization and feature selection, also finds that both two phases are all necessary for text categorization, meanwhile it can reach the best performance of classification with up to 70% of the unique terms being removed.
Functionally optimized subdivision surfaces

It can be argued that an ideal surface design system should allow a designer to specify all the boundary conditions and constraints and then provide the “best” surface under these circumstances. “Best” in this context may mean an optimization with respect to some intrinsic surface quality expressible in a functional or procedural form. For instance, the designer may want to minimize surface area (i.e. bending energy), variation of curvature, or some other aesthetically motivated functional. Systems that optimize such functionals have been demonstrated in the past, but in most cases, the optimization algorithm was too complex and too slow to provide the desired, almost instantaneous, and truly interactive surface optimization.
Evaluation of User-Education Programmes of Selected National Open University of Nigeria Libraries

Effective use of library resources by distance students is a vital tool for improvement in long –life learning skills, information searching and research. Any higher institution devoid of effective library user education programme is bound to have poor learning outcome. Hence, the study evaluated the user-education programmes of selected national Open University of Nigeria libraries . Six research questions were asked to guide the study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 808 second year students drawn from the three Centers : Kaduna (200), Enugu (348) and Apapa (260). Data for the study was collected through a researcher developed questionnaire, interview schedule and observation checklist duly validated by three lecturers from department of library and information science, university of Nigeria Nsukka and was used to collect data from students. The result was analyzed using Mean and Standard deviation. The findings revealed among others that a positive effect existed in favour of user education, especially when the Duration of library orientation period is increased and made compulsory for all registered students. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that, effort should be made to improve user education programme in National Open university of Nigeria.
Long-term follow-up of asymptomatic patients with major artery occlusion: rate of symptomatic change and evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The natural history of asymptomatic major cerebral artery occlusive disease is unclear. Rate of symptomatic change, appearance of new lesions on MR images, and cerebral hemodynamics were analyzed for patients with asymptomatic major cerebral artery occlusion. METHODS This prospective study included asymptomatic patients who had occlusive disease between 1992 and 1995. MR imaging and MR angiography were used to detect internal carotid artery (ICA) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in 3965 neurologically asymptomatic patients and for follow-up of affected patients for 67 to 105 months (mean, 79 months). Regional cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reserve capacity were examined by xenon-enhanced CT at rest and after the administration of acetazolamide, respectively. RESULTS Eighteen patients had MCA occlusion and 17 had ICA occlusion. During the follow-up period, five patients became symptomatic (four with MCA occlusion and one with ICA occlusion), with no significant difference (P = .332) in the rate of symptomatic change. Among these five patients, new infarction occurred on the ipsilateral side in three patients, contralateral side in one, and bilateral sides in one. New stenotic or occlusive changes occurred in three patients. The patients were divided into groups: group A, without new lesions on MR images (n = 23), and group B, with new lesions (n = 12). There was no significant difference in regional cerebral blood flow value between groups A and B in the whole hemisphere, anterior cerebral artery territory, or MCA territory. There was a significant difference in cerebrovascular reserve capacity between groups A and B between the affected side (P = .00051 and P = .00068, respectively) and the contralateral side (P = .00101 and P = .00115, respectively) for the whole hemisphere and MCA territory, and the difference was more severe on the affected side in both regions. CONCLUSION These pilot data suggest that asymptomatic MCA occlusion has a worse prognosis than does ICA occlusion. Silent events are common bilaterally. This may be because of hemodynamic factors or perhaps MCA occlusion is a marker for a more progressive type of atherosclerosis. A prospective study involving assessment of hemodynamics and baseline stroke risk factors in patients with MCA occlusion is indicated.
Differential proteomic analysis of respiratory failure in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using iTRAQ technology

Respiratory failure (RF) is a state in which the respiratory system fails by its gas exchange functions. Failure of the lung, which is caused by all types of lung diseases, leads to hypoxaemia with type I respiratory failure. Failure of the pump leads to hypercapnia or type II respiratory failure. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology to identify and quantify the total proteins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RF patients and identify the differentially expressed proteome. The present study analyzed the total proteins in the PBMCs of RF patients and healthy controls using the eight-plex iTRAQ added with strong cation-exchange chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The differentially expressed proteins were identified by MASCOT. A total of 4,795 differentially expressed proteins were identified, and 403 proteins were upregulated and 421 were downregulated. Among them, 4 proteins were significantly differentially expressed, which were upregulated KIAA1520 protein and γ fibrinogen type B (AA at 202) and downregulated chain A, crystal structure of recombinant human platelet factor 4 and myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9. iTRAQ technology is suitable for identifying and quantifying the proteome in the PBMCs of RF patients. The differentially expressed proteins of RF patients have been identified in the present study, and further research of the molecular mechanism of the differentially expressed proteins is required to clarify the pathogenesis and identify novel biomarkers of RF.
Les Émotions dans le discours de la construction européenne

«Avant-propos» de Christian Plantin; volume recensito da M. Bigini in Publif@rum, Carnets de lectures n.7, 8, 0 http://farum.it/lectures/ezine_articles. php? id=84; e-book http://www.educatt. it/libri/ebooks_catalog. asp
A comparison between unidirectional current nonconvulsive electrical stimulation given with Reiter's machine, standard alternating current electro-shock (Cerletti method), and pentothal in chronic schizophrenia.

In this study it has been demonstrated that under environmental conditions wherein opportunity for activity was available there is an improvement in the social performance of chronic schizophrenic patients treated with ECT, nonconvulsive stimulation under Pentothal, and Pentothal alone. The improvement does not vary significantly with the various types of treatment. ECT was the most difficult treatment to give owing to the apprehension shown by the patients. Although there was a change in all the social qualities discussed this was significant only as regards the increase in activity of the patients both actively and passively and in the interest the staff felt they showed in their environment. Three patients who were incontinent of feces became continent. The only significant change in the patients' psychosis was that all 30 were demonstrably hallucinating at the end of the experiment. It is felt that this may well be an indirect effect of the treatment in that the patients were participating more in a r.
Restoration of E-cadherin/beta-catenin expression in pancreatic cancer cells inhibits growth by induction of apoptosis.

BACKGROUND beta-Catenin is a component of the E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complex that maintains epithelial cell integrity. We have previously observed decreased beta-catenin expression in both human pancreatic cancer cell lines and primary tumors. To determine the significance of this finding with respect to pancreatic carcinogenesis, this study evaluated the effects of restoring expression of beta-catenin with and without E-cadherin in pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS MiaPaca-2 cells were stably transfected with full-length cDNAs for beta-catenin, E-cadherin, or a mutated E-cadherin lacking the beta-catenin-binding domain. Doubly transfected cell clones containing beta-catenin and either E-cadherin or deleted E-cadherin were also selected. Assays for cell adhesion, cell cycle profile, motility, and apoptosis were performed. RESULTS Cell clones expressing beta-catenin alone or beta-catenin and deleted E-cadherin did not differ significantly from the parental cell lines in any of the assays performed. In contrast, MiaPaca-2 cell clones expressing both beta-catenin and E-cadherin showed tight adhesion, decreased cell growth, and a significantly increased apoptotic index as compared to the parental line or singly transfected clones. CONCLUSIONS MiaPaca-2 cells undergo apoptosis at a significantly increased rate after restoration of the E-cadherin/beta-catenin adhesion complex. This increase in apoptosis is dependent on the ability of E-cadherin to bind beta-catenin. Loss of beta-catenin expression may therefore provide pancreatic cancer cells with a growth advantage that contributes to tumor progression.
Framing activities and the co-evolvement of products and operations in new ventures

New ventures need to simultaneously develop both their first offering and the operations of the venture itself. This paper extends the notion of problem-solution co-evolvement from product design to venture design, presenting results from four new Finnish ventures in the midst of creating their first offering market-ready. Based on qualitative analysis of interviews of the entrepreneur teams of these ventures, it is suggested that differences in how the venture idea is initially approached translates into different types of co-evolvement between the offering and the operations of the new ventures. In two of the companies, the product frame had been collaboratively created and remained relatively stable. Development activities within product, business model and working practices did not require large changes in the other arenas. In contrast, the product frame was shifting in the two other ventures, and the co- evolvement of the product problem and solutions had major implications for the business model and operations, and vice versa. The entrepreneurs in these companies would have seemingly benefited from having more structured systematic micro-level working practices to balance the variance in the offering and operations. By conceptually linking venture formation to co-evolvement resulting from the initial frame of development efforts, the study serves to strengthen the link between product development and entrepreneurship research.
Bonus gift card programs: a methodology to measure the impact on revenue and profit

ABSTRACT Many retailers are now offering bonus gift cards to entice customers to buy more regular gift cards. The most common offers are a $5 bonus card with $25 worth of gift card purchases or a $10 bonus card with $50 worth of purchases. Unlike regular gift cards, bonus gift cards are not paid for by other customers. Bonus cards provide $5 or $10 of free credit to a customer at the firm’s expense. Most retailers do not understand the potential for cannibalization of revenue and profit when gift card redeemers use a bonus card for a purchase they would have made without it. Nor do they know what proportion of redeemers represent these cannibalized sales versus the proportion of redeemers that represent incremental purchases. We use an in-market study with a large national restaurant chain to demonstrate a methodology and model to properly evaluate the effect of bonus gift card programs on revenue and profit. We found that although bonus gift cards provide incremental revenue, they can significantly reduce profit particularly in certain retail segments. For those who wish to implement a bonus card program, we provide suggestions to maximize the potential for success.
Lean startup methodology : a venture capitalist's perspective

Recent macro-economic developments have led experts to argue that nowadays Lean Startup Methodology (LSM) has lost its value. This research focusses on how Dutch early stage venture capitalists value the method as a means to getting a startup ready for them to invest in. Derived from literature, it identifies five categories of investment criteria that are used to explain the investment decision. 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted with these venture capitalists to collect data about the possible relationship between these categories and LSM. These data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach to find out how LSM contributes to the willingness to invest. Findings suggest that when given positive product and market characteristics, an early stage venture capitalist might be more likely to invest when these are developed by using LSM. However, it is found that the right use of LSM is perceived to be determined by the personality of the entrepreneur. When used wrong, over-experimentation might occur, which might ultimately decrease the willingness to invest.
Simultaneous measurement of sirolimus and everolimus in whole blood by HPLC with ultraviolet detection.

The macrolide immunosuppressants sirolimus (Rapamycin; SRL) and its 40- O -(2-hydroxyethyl) derivative everolimus (Certican®; SDZ-RAD) are approved immunosuppressive agents for organ transplantation, but there is evidence that they can interfere with co-medications, including other immunosuppressive agents (1). SRL and SDZ-RAD are metabolized in humans by the hepatic and intestinal cytochrome P450 3A subfamily (2)(3), which also metabolizes many other agents. Both have the same mechanism of action but differ in their half-lives and treatment regimes with co-medications. Because of their narrow therapeutic spectra, the clinical application of SRL and SDZ-RAD, like other immunosuppressants, is complicated by substantial intra- and interindividual variations in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (4)(5)(6). Their concentrations must be carefully monitored in posttransplantation regimens, and dosage adjustment to reduce the risk of toxicity and rejection depends on the analytical method used for monitoring (7)(8)(9). Several HPLC methods with ultraviolet (UV) detection or mass spectrometry (MS) are available for measurement of SRL and SDZ-RAD individually (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), and liquid chromatography (LC) methods using MS or tandem MS allow simultaneous measurement of these compounds in combination with other immunosuppressants (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). The purported advantage of LC-MS methods over LC-UV methods is the ability to monitor multiple drugs within the same analytical run. As the number of monitored compounds increases, however, instrument dwell time or the number of data points acquired for each mass transition may decrease and negatively affect the limit of quantification or precision (6)(23). Furthermore, these methods are expensive and not readily available in most laboratories. The presented reversed-phase HPLC-UV method for the simultaneous measurement of SRL and SDZ-RAD in whole blood …
Joint model for subsentence‐level sentiment analysis with Markov logic

Sentiment analysis mainly focuses on the study of one's opinions that express positive or negative sentiments. With the explosive growth of web documents, sentiment analysis is becoming a hot topic in both academic research and system design. Fine‐grained sentiment analysis is traditionally solved as a 2‐step strategy, which results in cascade errors. Although joint models, such as joint sentiment/topic and maximum entropy (MaxEnt)/latent Dirichlet allocation, are proposed to tackle this problem of sentiment analysis, they focus on the joint learning of both aspects and sentiments. Thus, they are not appropriate to solve the cascade errors for sentiment analysis at the sentence or subsentence level. In this article, we present a novel jointly fine‐grained sentiment analysis framework at the subsentence level with Markov logic. First, we divide the task into 2 separate stages (subjectivity classification and polarity classification). Then, the 2 separate stages are processed, respectively, with different feature sets, which are implemented by local formulas in Markov logic. Finally, global formulas in Markov logic are adopted to realize the interactions of the 2 separate stages. The joint inference of subjectivity and polarity helps prevent cascade errors. Experiments on a Chinese sentiment data set manifest that our joint model brings significant improvements.
Cellular inhibitors with Fv1-like activity restrict human and simian immunodeficiency virus tropism

Many nonhuman primate cells are unable to support the replication of HIV-1, whereas others are nonpermissive for infection by simian immunodeficiency virus from macaques (SIVmac). Here, we show that restricted HIV-1 and SIVmac infection of primate cell lines shares some salient features with Fv1 and Ref1-mediated restriction of murine retrovirus infection. In particular, the nonpermissive phenotype is most evident at low multiplicities of infection, results in reduced accumulation of reverse transcription products, and is dominant in heterokaryons generated by fusion of permissive and nonpermissive target cells. Moreover, in nonpermissive primate cells, HIV-1 and SIVmac infection is cooperative, and enveloped HIV-1 virus-like particles, minimally containing Gag and protease, abrogate restriction. In African green monkey cells, HIV-1 virus-like particles ablate restrictions to HIV-1 and SIVmac, suggesting that both are restricted by the same factor. Finally, a virus that contains an HIV-1 capsid-p2 domain in an SIVmac background exhibits a tropism for primate cells that is HIV-1-like rather than SIVmac-like. These data indicate the existence of one or more saturable inhibitors that are polymorphic in primates and prevent HIV and SIV infection by targeting the capsid of the incoming lentivirus particle.
Low Power FinFET based 10T SRAM cell

Memory occupies more than 70 percent of area in today's system on chip and the trends continue to be increases in coming years. As the technology is scaling the bulk MOSFET faces various challenges which lead to increased leakage. Below 32nm technology, FinFET is the most promising substitute to bulk CMOS technology because of reduced short channel effect. The proposed 10T SRAM cell is designed using MOSFET, FinFET at 16nm technology node and its performance parameters such as power, delay, Power Delay Product (PDP), leakage current and Static Noise Margin (SNM) are compared with conventional 6T SRAM cell.