Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eye Movements, the Eye-Hand Span, and the Perceptual Span During Sight-Reading of Music

Reading printed music is a skill that is acquired by a large number of people and is arguably as com plex as reading text. However, it is more difficult to study because there is no music-reading task that is really the same as reading text silently for meaning. That is, when people read musical scores silently, they do so for a large variety of rea sons. Moreover, if one tested for a music reader's comprehension of the music in a manner analogous to testing for comprehension of text, the musician would undoubtedly need to go over the passage of mu sic several times and consciously make mental notes in order to be able to demonstrate much under
Sensing viruses by mechanical tension of DNA in responsive hydrogels

The rapid worldwide spread of severe viral infections, often involving novel modifications of viruses, poses major challenges to our health care systems. This means that tools that can efficiently and specifically diagnose viruses are much needed. To be relevant for a broad application in local health care centers, such tools should be relatively cheap and easy to use. Here we discuss the biophysical potential for the macroscopic detection of viruses based on the induction of a mechanical stress in a bundle of pre-stretched DNA molecules upon binding of viruses to the DNA. We show that the affinity of the DNA to the charged virus surface induces a local melting of the double-helix into two single-stranded DNA. This process effects a mechanical stress along the DNA chains leading to an overall contraction of the DNA. Our results suggest that when such DNA bundles are incorporated in a supporting matrix such as a responsive hydrogel, the presence of viruses may indeed lead to a significant, macroscopic mechanical deformation of the matrix. We discuss the biophysical basis for this effect and characterize the physical properties of the associated DNA melting transition. In particular, we reveal several scaling relations between the relevant physical parameters of the system. We promote this DNA-based assay for efficient and specific virus screening.
THE PHILADELPHIA STORYPrinciples of Linguistic Change Volume 2, Social Factors

This volume presents the long-anticipated results of several decades of inquiry into the social origins and social motivation of linguistic change. • Written by one of the founders of modern sociolinguistics • Features the first complete report on the Philadelphia project designed to establish the social location of the leaders of linguistic change • Includes chapters on social class, neighborhood, ethnicity, gender, and social networks that delineate the leaders of linguistic change as women of the upper working class with a high density of interaction within their neighborhoods and a high proportion of weak ties outside of it
A multicenter, randomized, Phase II study of cisplatin, etoposide, and gemcitabine or cisplatin plus gemcitabine as first‐line treatment in patients with poor‐prognosis small cell lung carcinoma

The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity and toxicity of combined cisplatin, etoposide, and gemcitabine (PEG) and combined cisplatin plus gemcitabine (PG) in previously untreated patients with extensive‐stage and poor‐prognosis limited‐stage small‐cell lung carcinoma.
Methods and limitations of assessing functional work capacity objectively.

This paper examined the methods and issues of assessing objectively the functional capacity of workers. The primary emphasis was on aerobic capacity (VO2max ) and repetitive lifting. While the direct measurement of expired gases during exhausting exercise is the most valid method of assessing the VO2max of workers, it is rarely done outside research or medical settings. The methods more commonly used are: maximal exercise tests; submaximal exercise tests; and non-exercise tests. Maximal tests are accurate, but require medical monitoring when testing workers at medical risk. Submaximal tests are less accurate, but are safer and faster than a maximal test. Submaximal tests use heart rate response to submaximal power output to estimate VO2max ; thus, any factor that alters heart rate response reduces the accuracy of the test. Non-exercise tests are as accurate as sub maximal tests, but require a self-report rating. The physiological criteria used to help define the recommended repetitive lift loads of the revised NIOSH equation included baseline aerobic capacity and energy expenditure values. While the goal is to reduce the risk of injury, the baseline aerobic capacity (≈ 25 ml/kg/min) and energy expenditure levels are so low (≤3.5 METs) that they may have an adverse effect on public health. Normative VO2max data on industrial cohorts suggest that 44% of male and 79% of female industrial workers are at a health risk of low aerobic fitness. Data are presented that suggests that repetitive lifting tasks are more of a function of strength and fat-free weight than aerobic capacity. While aerobic capacity, strength, and fat-free weight are objective methods to assess functional capacity, worker motivation and reaction to chronic pain can affect test results.
Screen and clean: a tool for identifying interactions in genome‐wide association studies

Epistasis could be an important source of risk for disease. How interacting loci might be discovered is an open question for genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). Most researchers limit their statistical analyses to testing individual pairwise interactions (i.e., marginal tests for association). A more effective means of identifying important predictors is to fit models that include many predictors simultaneously (i.e., higher‐dimensional models). We explore a procedure called screen and clean (SC) for identifying liability loci, including interactions, by using the lasso procedure, which is a model selection tool for high‐dimensional regression. We approach the problem by using a varying dictionary consisting of terms to include in the model. In the first step the lasso dictionary includes only main effects. The most promising single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are identified using a screening procedure. Next the lasso dictionary is adjusted to include these main effects and the corresponding interaction terms. Again, promising terms are identified using lasso screening. Then significant terms are identified through the cleaning process. Implementation of SC for GWAS requires algorithms to explore the complex model space induced by the many SNPs genotyped and their interactions. We propose and explore a set of algorithms and find that SC successfully controls Type I error while yielding good power to identify risk loci and their interactions. When the method is applied to data obtained from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium study of Type 1 Diabetes it uncovers evidence supporting interaction within the HLA class II region as well as within Chromosome 12q24. Genet. Epidemiol. 34: 275–285, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantifying the difference in resource demand among classic and modern NoC workloads

This paper quantifies the difference in resource demand between modern and classic NoC workloads. In the paper, we show that modern workloads are able to better utilize higher numbers of VCs and smaller C factors in order to attain performance and energy efficiency. This is because of the high throughput and possible local congestions in their traffic pattern. As a result, such workloads are more suitable for concurrency and redundancy energy reduction techniques where the voltage and frequency are reduced simultaneously and the increased power budget is used for introducing additional resources to the network in order to improve the performance.
An Approach for Generating Pattern-Based Shorthand Using Speech-to-Text Conversion and Machine Learning

Abstract Rapid handwriting, popularly known as shorthand, involves writing symbols and abbreviations in lieu of common words or phrases. This method increases the speed of transcription and is primarily used to record oral dictation. Someone skilled in shorthand will be able to write as fast as the dictation occurs, and these patterns are later transliterated into actual, natural language words. A new kind of rapid handwriting scheme is proposed, called the Pattern-Based Shorthand. A word on a keyboard involves pressing a unique sequence of keys in a particular order. This sequence forms a pattern that defines the word. Such a pattern forms the shorthand for that word. Speech recognition involves identifying, by a machine, the words spoken by a speaker. These spoken words form speech input signals to a computer that is equipped to correctly recognize the words and do further action, such as convert it to text. From this text input, unique shorthand patterns are generated by the system. The system employs machine learning to improve its performance with experience, by creating a dictionary of mappings from word to patterns in such a way that the access to existing patterns is faster with progression. This forms a new knowledge representation schema that reduces the redundancy in the storage of words and the length of information content. In conclusion, the speech is converted into textual form and then reconstructed into Pattern-Based Shorthand.
Development and Initial Validation of a Measure to Assess Factors Related to Sustainability of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support

Sustainability of effective practices in schools is a critical area for research in any domain. The purpose of this article is to describe and evaluate the validity and reliability of a recently developed research instrument designed to evaluate schools’ capacity to sustain school-wide positive behavior support (SWPBS) efforts at the universal tier. The School-Wide Universal Behavior Sustainability Index–School Teams (SUBSIST) was created to assess factors (of the context, implementer practices, and outcomes) that enhance or prevent sustainability of SWPBS. Content of the web-based survey was identified through literature review, and initial validation analyses included ratings of content validity by an expert panel (n = 21) and assessment of internal consistency, test–retest reliability, interrater reliability, and concurrent validity (with SWPBS fidelity of implementation data) through a pilot study (n = 25). Results indicated strong psychometric properties for assessing sustainability. The authors discuss the results in terms of future research in enhancing SWPBS sustainability.
Identifying demographic and language profiles of children with a primary diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

As the language presentation of children with attention deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (ADHD) is highly complex, this study aims to delineate the profile of a cohort of 40 children with ADHD, aged between 9 and 12 years, attending a child and adolescent mental health service (CAMHS). Speech and language therapists (SLTs) assessed the children on formal language tests (including tests of verbal comprehension/expression, vocabulary, reading and communication) over three one-hour sessions. Group demographics showed a predominance of males, with a greater number of children presenting with the combined subtype of ADHD over other subtypes (i.e. predominantly inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive type). The majority of the children also had a secondary psychiatric diagnosis. Test findings revealed some common trends in the overall group’s performance, but a general ADHD-specific language profile was not discernible. Almost three-quarters of the study cohort had previously undetected language difficulties, with over 70% of those having both receptive and expressive language difficulties. Just under one-third of the cohort demonstrated reading difficulties. Relatively high correlations were found across performance on measures of verbal comprehension when compared to vocabulary and reading comprehension and expressive language. Most parents reported communication difficulties on completed questionnaires. The range, extent and complexity of the language difficulties of children with ADHD is demonstrated in our findings, with the heterogeneity of this population an obvious feature. Implications for further research and SLT clinical practice are discussed.
A Language Convergence/Meaning Divergence Analysis Exploring How LGBTQ and Single Employees Manage Traditional Family Expectations in the Workplace

As policies such as the Family and Medical Leave Act expand what it means to be a family, human resource managers are increasingly tasked with navigating work/family balance with employees whose families lie outside of normative expectations. This qualitative research study used Dougherty et al.'s Language Convergence/Meaning Divergence Theory to explore how working adults belonging to nontraditional families work in environments where family is assumed to consist of a spouse and children. Sixty active interviews yielded two phenomenological themes. The first theme explored the ways in which the compulsory traditional family “othered” people from alternative families. As a result of the othering, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ)1, single, and childfree workers experienced simultaneous and paradoxical invisibility and hypervisibility. The second theme revealed ways in which the compulsory traditional family was privileged, causing participants with alternative families to work around traditional family assumptions. For practitioners to successfully manage multiple family formations, it is recommended that the human resource personnel complicate the meaning of family, recognize that families are not fixed but are instead in process, expand training so that there is a better connection between policy and practice, and create compensation and leave packages that address the disparity caused by current work/family policies.
Enhanced force control using force estimation and nonlinearity compensation for the Universal Haptic Pantograph

The design of a stable and robust force controller is one of the most important and difficult tasks in rehabilitation robotics. In previous works, the Universal Haptic Pantograph (UHP) was presented as an alternative to conventional arm rehabilitation after a stroke. This robot is composed by a Series Elastic Actuator (SEA) and a Pantograph. In this work an enhanced force control for the UHP is presented. The proposed controller uses the robot model to estimate the contact force without direct measurement and to compensate nonlinearities in the actuators. In order to prove the effectiveness of the approach, several tests are carried out in simulation and experimentally. Results reveal that mean of tracking errors between desired and actual force is smaller than 0.1 N, which is significantly improved compare to that (around 2.5 N) shown in previous results of UHP, indicating that the proposed force control is likely to enhance haptic performance of the UHP.
Expanded View Figures

Figure EV1. MS-based measurements and sample quality. A Total MS measuring time leading to usable raw data or lost to HPLC issues, MS cleaning, or other problems. The 6% cleaning time for the MS instrument resulted from a single cleaning instance, which, however, subsequently led to a 5-day downtime. B Analysis of the reproducibility between samples by color-coded pairwise comparison (Pearson correlation coefficients) of 1,276 samples (without the matching library). The high reproducibility within quadruplicates and the individuals can be seen by the red diagonal, indicating high correlation. C Levels of four highly abundant erythrocyte-specific proteins were used to assess the sample quality with regard to erythrocyte lysis. The red arrow indicates the only sample with strong erythrocyte lysis. D Displaying the levels of fibrinogens allows the detection of (partial) blood coagulation. Five cases with decreased fibrinogen levels and therefore coagulation events are highlighted by red arrows.
A divide-and-conquer approach to distributed attack identification

Identifying attacks is key to ensure security in cyber-physical systems. In this paper we remark upon the computational complexity of the attack identification problem by showing how conventional approximation techniques may fail to identify attacks. Then, we propose decentralized and distributed monitors for attack identification with performance guarantees and low computational complexity. The proposed monitors rely on a geometric control framework, yet they require only local knowledge of the system dynamics and parameters. We exploit a divide-and-conquer approach, where first the system is partitioned into disjoint regions, then corrupted regions are identified via distributed computation, and finally corrupted components are isolated within regions.
Symptomatic Dengue Disease in Five Southeast Asian Countries: Epidemiological Evidence from a Dengue Vaccine Trial

Dengue incidence has increased globally, but empirical burden estimates are scarce. Prospective methods are best-able to capture all severities of disease. CYD14 was an observer-blinded dengue vaccine study conducted in children 2–14 years of age in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Vietnam. The control group received no vaccine and resembled a prospective, observational study. We calculated the rates of dengue according to different laboratory or clinical criteria to make inferences about dengue burden, and compared with rates reported in the passive surveillance systems to calculate expansion factors which describe under-reporting. Over 6,933 person-years of observation in the control group there were 319 virologically confirmed dengue cases, a crude attack rate of 4.6%/year. Of these, 92 cases (28.8%) were clinically diagnosed as dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever by investigators and 227 were not, indicating that most symptomatic disease fails to satisfy existing case definitions. When examining different case definitions, there was an inverse relationship between clinical severity and observed incidence rates. CYD14’s active surveillance system captured a greater proportion of symptomatic dengue than national passive surveillance systems, giving rise to expansion factors ranging from 0.5 to 31.7. This analysis showed substantial, unpredictable and variable under-reporting of symptomatic dengue, even within a controlled clinical trial environment, and emphasizes that burden estimates are highly sensitive to case definitions. These data will assist in generating disease burden estimates and have important policy implications when considering the introduction and health economics of dengue prevention and control interventions.
Uncertainty Principles and Vector Quantization

Given a frame in Cn which satisfies a form of the uncertainty principle (as introduced by Candes and Tao), it is shown how to quickly convert the frame representation of every vector into a more robust Kashin's representation whose coefficients all have the smallest possible dynamic range O(1/ √(n). The information tends to spread evenly among these coefficients. As a consequence, Kashin's representations have a great power for reduction of errors in their coefficients, including coefficient losses and distortions.
The Influence of Affective Brand Experience Dimension on Brand Equity of the Smartphone Millennial Users in Malaysia

This study intends to highlight the power of affective brand experience dimension and link how it can influence brand equity of smartphone users in Malaysia. Measurement items for affective brand experience dimension and brand equity were developed by integrating existing literature and qualitative in-depth interviews with students who own and use a smartphone. Therefore, 359 usable questionnaires were returned. Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM to test the influences of affective brand experience dimension on brand equity. The study found that affective brand experience dimension is an important factor influencing brand equity of smartphone users in Malaysia. The study provides evidence that the affective brand experience dimension positively influences brand equity. The distinctive contribution of this research is that it examines the influence of affective brand experience dimension on customer-based brand equity in the context of smartphone brands in the Malaysian emerging markets. Such work is essential in understanding the importance of experiential marketing in an emerging economy such as Malaysia for building a strong smartphone brand.
THE EXEMPLAR T8 SUBDWARF COMPANION OF WOLF 1130

We have discovered a wide separation (188.″5) T8 subdwarf companion to the sdM1.5+WD binary Wolf 1130. Companionship of WISE J200520.38+542433.9 is verified through common proper motion over a ∼3 yr baseline. Wolf 1130 is located 15.83 ± 0.96 pc from the Sun, placing the brown dwarf at a projected separation of ∼3000 AU. Near-infrared colors and medium resolution (R ≈ 2000–4000) spectroscopy establish the uniqueness of this system as a high-gravity, low-metallicity benchmark. Although there are a number of low-metallicity T dwarfs in the literature, WISE J200520.38+542433.9 has the most extreme inferred metallicity to date with [Fe/H] = −0.64 ± 0.17 based on Wolf 1130. Model comparisons to this exemplar late-type subdwarf support it having an old age, a low metallicity, and a small radius. However, the spectroscopic peculiarities of WISE J200520.38+542433.9 underscore the importance of developing the low-metallicity parameter space of the most current atmospheric models.
Toward Enhancing 12-Step Facilitation among Young People: A Systematic Qualitative Investigation of Young Adults’ 12-Step Experiences

Background 12-Step Facilitation (TSF) interventions designed to enhance rates of engagement with 12-step mutual-help organizations (MHOs) have shown efficacy among adults, but research provides little guidance on how to adapt TSF strategies for young people. Methods To inform TSF strategies for youth, this study used qualitative methods to investigate the self-reported experiences of 12-step participation, and reasons for nonattendance and discontinuation among young adults (18–24 years; N = 302). Responses to open-ended questions following residential treatment were coded into rationally derived domains. Results Young adults reported that cohesiveness, belonging, and instillation of hope were the most helpful aspects of attending 12-step groups; meeting structure and having to motivate oneself to attend meetings were the most common aspects young adults liked least; logistical barriers and low recovery motivation and interest were the most common reasons for discontinued attendance; and perceptions that one did not have a problem or needed treatment were cited most often as reasons for never attending. Conclusions Findings may inform and enhance strategies intended to engage young people with community-based recovery-focused 12-step MHOs and ultimately improve recovery outcomes.
A Multibit Dual-Feedback CT  $\Delta\Sigma$ Modulator With Lowpass Signal Transfer Function

This paper presents a dual-feedback continuous-time delta-sigma modulator that features a signal transfer function with low sensitivity to coefficient variations. The anti-aliasing of this topology is similar to that of the feedback architecture while using only two feedback paths for modulators of any order. The proposed architecture is a good candidate for low-power applications as it shows relaxed amplifier gain-bandwidth requirements for the first integrator. As a proof of concept, a third-order delta-sigma modulator has been implemented and tested which achieves 76 dB dynamic range over 5 MHz signal bandwidth while consuming 6 mW from a 1.2 V supply. The prototype chip, fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS process, provides 70 dB anti-aliasing with no out-of-band peaking in the signal transfer function.