Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personal reputation and the organization

Abstract Drawing from fields such as marketing psychology, strategy, social psychology, and organizational behavior, the present examination explores the individual and organizational bases for personal reputation; specifically, how different bases interact with one another to produce an individual’s reputation within organizations. It is proposed that individuals use personal reputations to satisfy their need for positive self-esteem as well as to secure their sense of belonging in organizations. Furthermore, reputation allows individuals to obtain rewards such as autonomy, power, and career success and the opportunity to signal key information to audiences. Likewise, organizations utilize personal reputations to predict their members’ behaviors, market those who are a part of the organization to others, build their own corporate reputations, and signal information to consumers and competitors. To further this understanding of personal reputation an examination is presented as to how organizations serve as an essential context within which individuals realize their personal reputations and regulate their behavior.
Development and psychometric testing of the online Adolescent Diabetes Needs Assessment Tool (ADNAT).

AIM To report on the development and psychometric testing of the Adolescent Diabetes Needs Assessment Tool. BACKGROUND The UK has the fifth largest paediatric diabetes population in the world, but one of the poorest levels of diabetes control, highlighting the need for intervention development. DESIGN Mixed methods following recommendations for questionnaire design and validation. METHODS A total of 171 young people (12-18 years) participated between 2008- 2011. Methods included item selection using secondary framework analysis, item review, pre-testing, piloting and online transfer. Statistical tests assessed reliability using item-total correlations, interitem consistency and test-retest reliability; and validity using blood glucose (HbA1c) levels and the Self-Management of type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence questionnaire. RESULTS The Adolescent Diabetes Needs Assessment Tool consists of 117 questions divided between six domains of educational and psychosocial support needs. It combines reflective questioning with needs assessment to raise self-awareness to support adolescent decision-making in relation to diabetes self-care. Thirty-six of the questions provide self-care and psychosocial health assessment scores. Face and content validity of the scoring items were all positively evaluated in terms of appropriateness and readability and tests for validity found significant correlations with Self-Management of type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence and weak correlation with HbA1c , which compared favourably with Self-Management of type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence, the only comparable (USA) tool. Item response analysis validated the use of simple additive scores. CONCLUSIONS The Adolescent Diabetes Needs Assessment Tool combines reflective learning with needs assessment to support patient-centred clinical consultations.
Attachment Theory, Counseling Process, and Supervision

This article is designed to stimulate interest in the clinical utility of attachment theory and examine how its constructs are relevant to counseling and counseling supervision. The initial section illustrates attachment constructs in action and demonstrates how the theory and its related research can be used to conceptualize clients' experience in their emotionally important relationships. The authors then discuss counseling process focusing on the ways attachment theory can contribute to understanding the client-counselor relationship and change strategies. The implications of the central constructs are also explored in relation to counseling supervision. In concluding, the authors discuss research and clinical extensions of attachment theory, alluding briefly to areas that are also extensions of traditional counseling psychology. Throughout, the article's intent is to help the reader appreciate the complexity of attachment theory as well as its science-practice links and its potential contribution to clinical research and service delivery.
Palmprint encoding for multispectral images by using directional transform

We present a new directional feature encoding based effective and robust multispectral palmprint recognition. Firstly, the region of interest (ROI) is extracted for non-contact based sensor. We then perform the directional feature encoding of palmprint by using the undecimated double-tree complex wavelet transform (UDT-CWT). The UDT-CWT is utilized, since it provides better shift invariance and directionality when compared to the usual undecimated discrete wavelet transform (UDWT). Encoded coefficients are binarized by applying hash table procedure for fast and efficient matching. By this way, one-to-many matching with score level fusion of multiple bands is applied. CASIA and PolyU datasets are used for comparisons with state of art methods. The results show that presented method outperforms in the blurring case and gives comparable results for non-blurring case.
Changes in the Gene Expression of the White Rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium Due to the Addition of Atropine

We constructed a LongSAGE (Long Serial Analysis of Gene Expression) library from a 3-d culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium supplemented with atropine, which inhibits the production of lignin-degrading enzymes. The library (the atropine library) contains 13,108 LongSAGE tags and 6,783 unique tags. The gene expression profile represented by the tags was compared with those of two previously constructed libraries, one of which was constructed using 2-d cultures in which the fungus had not yet produced ligninolytic enzymes (the 2-d library) and the other was constructed using 3-d cultures in which the fungus had just started to produce the enzymes (the 3-d library). We found a total of 595 genes that were at least twice more highly or at least twice less highly expressed in the 3-d library than in the 2-d library or the atropine library, and the fluctuations were statistically significant. The relationships among these 595 genes were considered using cluster analysis. Of the 595 genes, 164 showed expression patterns similar to those of four ligninolytic enzyme genes, which were more expressed on day 3 than under any other conditions. Many of these 164 genes comprised genes possibly involved in lignin degradation, lipid metabolism, xenobiotic degradation, stress response, or signal transduction pathways.
Behavioral Level Noise Modeling and Jitter Simulation of Phase-Locked Loops with Faults Using VHDL-AMS

It is important to predict noise at the early stages of a top-down design. In this paper, we propose a methodology to model phase noise or jitter, a key specification for phase-locked loops, using a mixed-signal hardware description language, and to simulate the effects of catastrophic faults on the phase jitter at the behavioral level. In contrast to existing approaches which either require dedicated noise simulators or postpone noise and fault simulation to the transistor level, we have successfully demonstrated that noise in a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), power supply noise, and their effects on the overall phase jitter within a faulty PLL can be modeled and simulated earlier on at the behavioral level. Our simulation results are consistent with experimentally-verified theoretical predictions.
Stenting of the Superior Vena Cava and Left Brachiocephalic Vein with Preserving the Central Venous Catheter in Situ

Stenting of the central veins is well established for treating localized venous stenosis. The techniques regarding catheter preservation for central venous catheters in the superior vena cava have been described. We describe here a method for stent implantation in the superior vena cava and the left brachiocephalic vein, and principally via a single jugular venous puncture, while saving a left sided jugular central venous catheter in a patient suffering from central venous stenosis of the superior vena cava and the left brachiocephalic vein.
Keystroke Analysis

Although keystroke logging promises to provide a valuable tool for writing research, it can often be difficult to relate logs to underlying processes. This article describes the procedures and measures that the authors developed to analyze a sample of 80 keystroke logs, with a view to achieving a better alignment between keystroke-logging measures and underlying cognitive processes. They used these measures to analyze pauses, bursts, and revisions and found that (a) burst lengths vary depending on their initiation type as well as their termination type, suggesting that the classification system used in previous research should be elaborated; (b) mixture models fit pause duration data better than unimodal central tendency statistics; and (c) individuals who pause for longer at sentence boundaries produce shorter but more well-formed bursts. A principal components analysis identified three underlying dimensions in these data: planned text production, within-sentence revision, and revision of global text structure.
An InSAR‐based survey of volcanic deformation in the southern Andes

We use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to search for surface deformation in the southern Andes (40°S–46°S and 49°S–53°S) associated with magmatic processes. Although the available data are not optimal, we can constrain the amount of volcanic deformation at about 27 Holocene volcanoes between the years 1993–1999. We detect inflation of Cerro Hudson volcano following its 1991 eruption, and use spherical and non‐spherical models to constrain the source of deformation to be between 4 and 8 km below sea level. We measure the rate of deformation to be about 5 cm/year in the radar line‐of‐sight, and infer that the maximum deformation could exceed 10 cm/year in the center of the caldera. Within the errors of the measurements, the rate of deformation is constant from 1993–1998 (10–30 × 106 m3/year). At this rate, 100–200 years is required to accumulate the volume of material erupted in 1991.
Spacetime Texture Representation and Recognition Based on a Spatiotemporal Orientation Analysis

This paper is concerned with the representation and recognition of the observed dynamics (i.e., excluding purely spatial appearance cues) of spacetime texture based on a spatiotemporal orientation analysis. The term “spacetime texture” is taken to refer to patterns in visual spacetime, (x,y,t), that primarily are characterized by the aggregate dynamic properties of elements or local measurements accumulated over a region of spatiotemporal support, rather than in terms of the dynamics of individual constituents. Examples include image sequences of natural processes that exhibit stochastic dynamics (e.g., fire, water, and windblown vegetation) as well as images of simpler dynamics when analyzed in terms of aggregate region properties (e.g., uniform motion of elements in imagery, such as pedestrians and vehicular traffic). Spacetime texture representation and recognition is important as it provides an early means of capturing the structure of an ensuing image stream in a meaningful fashion. Toward such ends, a novel approach to spacetime texture representation and an associated recognition method are described based on distributions (histograms) of spacetime orientation structure. Empirical evaluation on both standard and original image data sets shows the promise of the approach, including significant improvement over alternative state-of-the-art approaches in recognizing the same pattern from different viewpoints.
Studying journalists in changing times

Industry insiders and media academics often voice unease about the transformations taking place in the global news industry. Despite its usefulness in drawing attention to the twists and turns of organizational change and innovation in news production, much of the research on this topic shows less interest in journalists’ situated experience than is helpful. This article suggests that academic attention might be usefully refocused to the changing nature and experiences of journalists as they encounter the changes taking place in their industry. Such a focus can be justified on theoretical grounds: the implications of change in the news industry for its traditional democratic role cannot be understood without understanding in detail what journalists do and how they do it. While acknowledging that news production takes place in the context of competitive commercial enterprise, the authors argue that fruitful avenues for empirical enquiry can be opened up by adopting a more practice-centred analysis. The article concludes by introducing recent research that joins this pursuit.
Jitter‐minimized reliability‐maximized management of networks

We propose a joint optimization network management framework for quality‐of‐service (QoS) routing with resource allocation. Our joint optimization framework provides a convenient way of maximizing the reliability or minimizing the jitter delay of paths. Data traffic is sensitive to droppage at buffers, while it can tolerate jitter delay. On the other hand, multimedia traffic can tolerate loss but it is very sensitive to jitter delay. Depending on the type of data, our scheme provides a convenient way of selecting the parameters which result in either reliability maximization or jitter minimization. We solve the optimization problem for a GPS network and provide the optimal solutions. We find the values of control parameters which control the type of optimization performed. We use our analytical results in a multi‐objective QoS routing algorithm. Finally, we provide insights into our optimization framework using simulations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stressful Life Events Associated with Adolescent Suicide Attempts *

This study was designed to examine the types of stressful events that are related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Adolescent inpatients who attempted suicide and a control group of high school students were compared on various types of stressors. The stressors were categorized according to their type (for example, discrete events versus chronic strains) and source (for example, family or friends). Compared to high school controls, adolescents who attempted suicide reported elevated levels of major negative events and exit events. Both chronic strains and discrete stressors were related to an increased severity of depression and suicidal ideation. The results support the notion that increased stress is related to adolescent suicidal behaviour. Different approaches to categorizing stress may improve the understanding of the relationship between stressful life events and suicide. Also, sex differences may influence the relationship between life stress and suicidal feelings.
Model-free norm-based fixed structure controller synthesis

This paper presents a method to perform model-free fixed structure controller synthesis. Based on frequency response data of the plant, the parameters of a predefined controller structure are optimized directly with respect to closed-loop performance specifications. As a result, no parametric plant model is required such that time consuming iterative identification-synthesis procedures can be omitted. A framework is presented to both assure stability and optimize closed-loop performance based on frequency response data. Furthermore, based upon these results, a cost-function is formulated that can be exploited to converge from a destabilizing- to the stabilizing controller parameter region. Both the stability guarantee and performance optimization procedures are combined in one optimization algorithm that is illustrated by means of an example.
DAX: A Widely Distributed Multi-tenant Storage Service for DBMS Hosting

Many applications hosted on the cloud have sophisticated data management needs that are best served by a SQL-based relational DBMS. It is not difficult to run a DBMS in the cloud, and in many cases one DBMS instance is enough to support an application's workload. However, a DBMS running in the cloud (or even on a local server) still needs a way to persistently store its data and protect it against failures. One way to achieve this is to provide a scalable and reliable storage service that the DBMS can access over a network. This paper describes such a service, which we call DAX. DAX relies on multi-master replication and Dynamo-style flexible consistency, which enables it to run in multiple data centers and hence be disaster tolerant. Flexible consistency allows DAX to control the consistency level of each read or write operation, choosing between strong consistency at the cost of high latency or weak consistency with low latency. DAX makes this choice for each read or write operation by applying protocols that we designed based on the storage tier usage characteristics of database systems. With these protocols, DAX provides a storage service that can host multiple DBMS tenants, scaling with the number of tenants and the required storage capacity and bandwidth. DAX also provides high availability and disaster tolerance for the DBMS storage tier. Experiments using the TPC-C benchmark show that DAX provides up to a factor of 4 performance improvement over baseline solutions that do not exploit flexible consistency.
Signatures of natural selection among lineages and habitats in Oncorhynchus mykiss

Recent advances in molecular interrogation techniques now allow unprecedented genomic inference about the role of adaptive genetic divergence in wild populations. We used high-throughput genotyping to screen a genome-wide panel of 276 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the economically and culturally important salmonid Oncorhynchus mykiss. Samples included 805 individuals from 11 anadromous and resident populations from the northwestern United States and British Columbia, and represented two major lineages including paired populations of each life history within single drainages of each lineage. Overall patterns of variation affirmed clear distinctions between lineages and in most instances, isolation by distance within them. Evidence for divergent selection at eight candidate loci included significant landscape correlations, particularly with temperature. High diversity of two nonsynonymous mutations within the peptide-binding region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (DAB) gene provided signatures of balancing selection. Weak signals for potential selection between sympatric resident and anadromous populations were revealed from genome scans and allele frequency comparisons. Our results suggest an important adaptive role for immune-related functions and present a large genomic resource for future studies
Intra-distribution dynamics of regional per-capita income in Europe: evidence from alternative conditional

In this paper different conditional density estimators are employed to analyze the cross-sectional distribution dynamics of regional per-capita income in Europe during the period 1980-2002. First, a kernel estimator with fixed bandwidth (the method traditionally applied in the literature on intra-distribution dynamics) gives evidence of convergence. With a modified estimator, proposed by Hyndman et al. (1996), with variable bandwidth and mean-bias correction, the dominant income dynamics is that of persistence and lack of cohesion: only a fraction of very poor regions improves its position over time converging towards a low relative income (“poverty trap”). Moreover, an alternative graphical technique (more informative than the traditional contour plot) is applied to visualize conditional densities.
Assessing Friendship Motivation During Preadolescence and Early Adolescence

The authors describe the development and initial psychometric properties of the Friendship Motivation Scale for Children, a new scale designed to assess four dimensions of self-determination (i.e., intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, external regulation, and amotivation) in preadolescents and early adolescents’ desire for friendships. The results—obtained with a sample of 490 fifth-, sixth-, and seventh-grade boys and girls— confirmed the factor structure of the scale and revealed adequate internal consistency and test-retest stability. Indicators of construct validity included (a) correlations among the four subscales displaying a simplex pattern, and thus supporting the underlying theoretical model (i.e., self-determination continuum); (b) friends generally reporting similar levels of friendship motivation; and (c) children more self-determined in their friendship motivation reporting more prosocial and less hostile goals in friendship conflict situations and reporting fewer feelings of loneliness. Girls reported greater self-determined friendship motivation than boys, and girls with greater self-determination were preferred by their peers as play-work companions.
State of the Science on POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: WHAT NURSE RESEARCHERS HAVE CONTRIBUTED—PART 1

Postpartum depression has been described as a thief that steals motherhood. It can result in tragedy and sometimes in headline-gripping maternal suicide or infanticide. Because one of the highest priorities for nursing is to continually advance the knowledge that underlies nursing practice, it is essential that we understand what nurse researchers have done to advance the knowledge base of postpartum depression. This integrative review is a two-part series for MCN that summarizes 141 postpartum depression studies conducted by nurse researchers from around the globe, including United States, Australia, Canada, China (Hong Kong, Taiwan), Finland, Iceland, Sweden, Turkey, and Malaysia. Specific areas of postpartum depression to which nurse researchers have devoted their primary attention include epidemiology, risk factors, transcultural perspectives, instrument development, screening, interventions, and mother-infant interactions.
Learning-Based Vertebra Detection and Iterative Normalized-Cut Segmentation for Spinal MRI

Automatic extraction of vertebra regions from a spinal magnetic resonance (MR) image is normally required as the first step to an intelligent spinal MR image diagnosis system. In this work, we develop a fully automatic vertebra detection and segmentation system, which consists of three stages; namely, AdaBoost-based vertebra detection, detection refinement via robust curve fitting, and vertebra segmentation by an iterative normalized cut algorithm. In order to produce an efficient and effective vertebra detector, a statistical learning approach based on an improved AdaBoost algorithm is proposed. A robust estimation procedure is applied on the detected vertebra locations to fit a spine curve, thus refining the above vertebra detection results. This refinement process involves removing the false detections and recovering the miss-detected vertebrae. Finally, an iterative normalized-cut segmentation algorithm is proposed to segment the precise vertebra regions from the detected vertebra locations. In our implementation, the proposed AdaBoost-based detector is trained from 22 spinal MR volume images. The experimental results show that the proposed vertebra detection and segmentation system can achieve nearly 98% vertebra detection rate and 96% segmentation accuracy on a variety of testing spinal MR images. Our experiments also show the vertebra detection and segmentation accuracies by using the proposed algorithm are superior to those of the previous representative methods. The proposed vertebra detection and segmentation system is proved to be robust and accurate so that it can be used for advanced research and application on spinal MR images.