Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Rosuvastatin and the CYP51A1 Inhibitor LEK-935 on the Proteome of Primary Human Hepatocytes

Elevated amounts of cholesterol are thought to be involved in several severe diseases. Despite the fact that many studies have been performed and published, the action of cholesterol-lowering agents used to diminish the plasma cholesterol level is not fully understood yet. In this study, the effects of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin and the new CYP51A1 inhibitor 2-((3,4-dichlorophenethyl)(propyl)amino)-1-(pyridin-3-yl)ethanol (LEK-935) on the proteome of primary human hepatocytes were analyzed for the first time. To get an idea about interindividual differences, two different human donors were used. The cytosolic and microsomal fractions of the cells were analyzed in a semiquantitative manner by two-dimensional-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and capillary high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Thereby, a set of 44 proteins was found to be differentially presented. The chosen experimental set-up was validated by proteins already known to be affected by statins and involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis. Other proteins found to be regulated cannot be directly related to cholesterol metabolism and have not been described to be affected by cholesterol-lowering agents so far. Some of these proteins may represent interesting targets for further investigations into the analysis of severe side-effects as well as pleiotropic effects of the statins. During the proteome analysis of the two different donors, interindividual differences were observed that were validated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction measurements. Thus, new information and a deeper insight into the processes taking place inside cells treated with cholesterol-lowering agents can be drawn from this study.
Acquisition of Phraseological Units from Linguistically Interpreted Corpora a Case Study on German Pp-verb Collocations

In this paper, we show that accessibility of syntactic information eases collocation extraction from corpora, and supports identi cation of lexical and structural restrictions related to collocations. For collocation identi cation we use a corpus that is automatically annotated applying a part-of-speech tagger and a phrase chunker.
Toward a Practical Energy Conservation Mechanism With Assistance of Resourceful Mules

As wireless sensor networks (WSNs) gradually move from specialized fields such as military and industry toward domains with general purposes, more and more sensors locate around our living areas. The reality that various wireless devices coexist in new circumstances encourages us to come up with new ideas to solve the extremely energy-constrained problem in WSNs. In this paper, we propose energy conservation with assistance of resourceful mules (ECARM), a mechanism that opportunistically utilizes resourceful mules (RMs) such as specifically designed powerful sensors or ubiquitously used laptops, tablet PCs, and smart phones to act as assistants and save energy for WSNs. We verify ECARM through extensive simulations written on the OMNET$\boldsymbol{++}$ platform. Single RM simulation shows that 43% sensors in an RM's communication range enjoy power reduction by decreasing their wake-up time to 16% at most. Multiple RM simulations illustrate that 86% sensors in the simulated network benefit from 14 RMs, and wake-up time of 56% sensors decrease to 50% below. We emphasize that ECARM can also be applied in duty-cycled WSNs that adopt schemes such as ContikiMAC and X-MAC. Simulation results demonstrate that the duty-cycling ratio of ContikiMAC is further decreased by at least 20.9% after the ECARM application.
Image Retrieval by Effective Description of Macro- and Micro-Content of Images

The visual words are a collection of local features of images, and generally used to represent image content. Considering the homogeneity of visual words, we design a visual vocabulary which contains macro-based and micro-based corresponding to feature points and key blocks visual words, respectively. We also apply the proposed visual vocabulary and description scheme to construct an image retrieving system. The performance evaluation of the method indicates that the proposed visual vocabulary achieves promising results.
A fast and robust approach to recovering structure and motion from live video frames

This paper describes a fast and robust approach to recovering structure and motion from video frames. It first describes a robust recursive factorization method for affine projection. Using the least median of squares (LMedS) criterion, the method estimates the dominant 3D affine motion and discards feature points regarded as outliers. The computational cost of the overall procedure is reduced by combining this robust statistics-based method with a recursive factorization method that can at each frame provide the updated 3D structure of an object at a fixed computational cost by using the principal component analysis. Experiments with synthetic data and with real image sequences demonstrate that the method can be used to estimate the dominant structure and the motion robustly and in real-time, on an off-the-shelf PC. Finally this paper describes preliminary online experiments on selecting feature points, which have the dominant 3D motion, from live video frames by using a PC-cluster system.
MultiPaaS - PaaS on Multiple Clouds

Current PaaS solutions use an underlying IaaS provider and restrict themselves to a few geographical regions. They operate in one/two zones only and use others for failover or disaster recovery. In this paper, we present the design of MultiPaaS, a PaaS solution which runs on multiple cloud/IaaS providers and leverages the combined global span. Unlike traditional scaling techniques where app servers are scaled up or down in a specific region or data center, we present a design to perform it on a global scale. Origin of the request burst is identified and instances are booted in a data center closest to it. It ensures database persistence and cross-region scalability via a combination of replication techniques. We identify common features available across all IaaS providers and use that as a provider interface to ensure interoperability, but use provider specific extensions to leverage unique offerings and benefits.
rebmix: The Rebmix Package

The rebmix package for R provides functions for random univariate and multivariate finite mixture generation, number of components, component weights and component parameter estimation, bootstrapping and plotting of the finite mixtures. It relies on the REBMIX algorithm that requires preprocessing, information criterion and conditionally independent normal, lognormal, Weibull, gamma, binomial, Poisson or Dirac component densities. The algorithm optimizes the component parameters, mixing weights and number of components successively based on the boundary conditions, such as the maximum number of components, total of positive relative deviations, number of classes or nearest neighbours. The algorithm is robust, time efficient and can be used either to assess the initial set of the unknown parameters and number of components for, e.g., the EM algorithm or as a standalone algorithm that is a good compromise between the nonparametric and parametric methods to the finite mixture estimation.
Interoception and emotion: Shared mechanisms and clinical implications

Internal states of bodily arousal contribute to emotional feeling states and behaviors. This chapter details the influence of interoceptive processing on emotion and describes how deficits in interoceptive ability may underpin aberrant emotional processes characteristic of clinical conditions. The representation and control of bodily physiology (e.g. heart rate and blood pressure) and the encoding of emotional experience and behavior share neural substrates within forebrain regions coupled to ascending neuromodulatory systems. This functional architecture provides a basis for dynamic embodiment of emotion. This chapter will approach the relationship between interoception and emotion within the interoceptive predictive processing framework and describe how emotional states could be the product of interoceptive prediction error minimization.
Category Learning 1 Running head: CATEGORY LEARNING; KRUSCHKE Category Learning (chapter for volume edited by Lamberts and Goldstone)

Category Learning 2 Category Learning (chapter for volume edited by Lamberts and Goldstone) What have we here? a man or a fish? Dead or alive? A fish: he smells like a fish; a very ancient and fish-like smell; a kind of not of the newest Poor-John. Beach combers categorize flotsam as man or fish. Players of 20 questions categorize things as animal, vegetable or mineral. Guards categorize approachers as friend or foe. Bystanders categorize flying objects: " Look, up in the sky! It's a bird; it's a plane! No, it's Superman! " Categorization permeates cognition in myriad protean variations. Our categorization of an object we encounter determines what we do with it. If it is a old dead fish, we walk away in disgust, but if it is just an unkempt rascally scoundrel, we. Well, at least in some cases our categorization of an object affects our reaction to it. The overriding purpose of categorization is inference of unseen attributes, especially for novel stimuli. Thus, we classify a handwritten squiggle as the letter " A " because we then infer its sound and meaning in the context of other letters. The sound and meaning are not visible in the squiggle itself. We classify animals as tigers or zebras in order to infer unseen attributes such as being threatening or innocuous. The potential threat is not explicit in the visible features of the animal. Classification takes us from the information given in the stimulus to previously learned, associated information. The classification is itself an inference of an unseen attribute. As anyone knows who has tried to read messy handwriting, the classification of squiggles into letter categories is often not at all obvious. Occasionally also we encounter unusual animals, or flying objects, or flotsam, that are Category Learning 3 difficult to identify. In principle, any classification is a non-trivial inference of an unseen attribute. Induction of invisible features is called categorization when it applies to novel stimuli that are not exact replicas of the stimuli experienced during learning. That is, categorization depends on generalizing from particular learned instances to novel situations. Categorization is sometimes defined merely as dividing a set of items into subsets. Typically, however, such a division is only of interest to the extent that novel items are inferred to be in one subset or another. If learned knowledge consisted merely of isolated facts with no generalization, then the knowledge …
Distinguishing between Theory, Theoretical Framework, and Conceptual Framework: A Systematic Review of Lessons from the Field

Across many years of teaching Research Methods and assessing many applications for admission into higher degree studies which require an understanding of theories, principles, strategies and skills needed to complete a higher degree such as a Masters or a PhD, one of the things I have found problematic for many students is the inability to articulate differences between theory, theoretical framework and a conceptual framework for a proposed research project. This paper uses experiential methodology to draw upon my experience in practice, and systematic literature review methodology to draw upon supporting scholarly literature by leaders in the field, to contribute to existing knowledge on the meaning of each of these concepts, and more importantly to distinguish between them in a study of Research Methods, and in particular as they relate to designing a research proposal and a thesis for a higher degree. The primary aim is to help the reader develop a firm grasp of the meaning of these concepts and how they should be used in academic research discourses. The review answers five questions. 1. What does each of these terms mean? 2. When and how should each be used? 3. What purposes does a theoretical framework serve? 4. How do you develop a theoretical framework for your research proposal or thesis? 5. What does a good theoretical framework look like?
Investigation into Google Play security mechanisms via experimental botnet

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets have become a common part of human society of the 21st century and their popularity is continuously growing. However, certain research papers imply that popularity and security do not reach the same level. They suggest that there are security weaknesses allowing publishing applications with malicious behavior on Google Play. For test reasons of Google Play security mechanisms, a special pair of applications has been developed. The former is a testing application containing a mobile botnet client. It has been designed to be resistant against security scans based on dynamic analysis but its malicious intentions have been presented in uncovered form into the code of application. Such testing application has been published on Google Play. The latter is represented by a malware application with the sole purpose of being fraudulently installed on mobile devices without any security verification including Google Play. Certain interesting results have been raised by the research. Based on these results, useful future research directions to security of mobile device field have emerged.
Low-power SRAM design using half-swing pulse-mode techniques

This paper describes a half-swing pulse-mode gate family that uses reduced input signal swing without sacrificing performance. These gates are well suited for decreasing the power in SRAM decoders and write circuits by reducing the signal swing on high-capacitance predecode lines, write bus lines, and bit lines. Charge recycling between positive and negative half-swing pulses further reduces the power dissipation. These techniques are demonstrated in a 2-K/spl times/16-b SRAM fabricated in a 0.25-/spl mu/m dual-V/sub t/ CMOS technology that dissipates 0.9 mW operating at 1 V, 100 MHz, and room temperature. On-chip voltage samplers were used to probe internal nodes.
Performance potential of optimization phase selection during dynamic JIT compilation

Phase selection is the process of customizing the applied set of compiler optimization phases for individual functions or programs to improve performance of generated code. Researchers have recently developed novel feature-vector based heuristic techniques to perform phase selection during online JIT compilation. While these heuristics improve program startup speed, steady-state performance was not seen to benefit over the default fixed single sequence baseline. Unfortunately, it is still not conclusively known whether this lack of steady-state performance gain is due to a failure of existing online phase selection heuristics, or because there is, indeed, little or no speedup to be gained by phase selection in online JIT environments. The goal of this work is to resolve this question, while examining the phase selection related behavior of optimizations, and assessing and improving the effectiveness of existing heuristic solutions. We conduct experiments to find and understand the potency of the factors that can cause the phase selection problem in JIT compilers. Next, using long-running genetic algorithms we determine that program-wide and method-specific phase selection in the HotSpot JIT compiler can produce ideal steady-state performance gains of up to 15% (4.3% average) and 44% (6.2% average) respectively. We also find that existing state-of-the-art heuristic solutions are unable to realize these performance gains (in our experimental setup), discuss possible causes, and show that exploiting knowledge of optimization phase behavior can help improve such heuristic solutions. Our work develops a robust open-source production-quality framework using the HotSpot JVM to further explore this problem in the future.
Complexity, Climate Change and the Precautionary Principle

The precautionary principle has been proposed as a basis making decisions about environmental health under conditions of uncertainty, but remains controversial. This paper shows how the precautionary principle may be interpreted as a guide to decision making in complex systems characterised by unfavorable surprises. The application of the precautionary principle to the problem of climate change is discussed.
On a third S-matrix in the theory of quantized fields on curved spacetimes

Wightman functions for interacting quantum fields on curved space times are cal- culated via the perturbation theory of the Yang-Feldman equations, where the incoming field is a free field in a quasifree representation. We show that these Wightman functions that are ob- tained as a sum over extended Feynman graphs fulfill the basic axioms of hermiticity, invariance, spectrality (on stationary spacetimes), perturbative positivity and locality (the latter property is shown up to second order in the loop expansion). In the case of non-stationary spacetimes, the outgoing field in general is in a non-quasifree representation of the CCR. This makes it necessary to develop a method to calculate the unitary transformation between a non quasifree representa- tion and a quasifree one. This is carried out using ⋆-calculus on the dual of the Borchers algebra with a combinatorial co-product. Given that preferred quasifree representations for early and late times exist, we thus obtain a complete scattering description using three S-matrices: The first is determined by vacuum expectation values between incoming and outgoing fields. The second is a unitary transformation between the non-quasifree representation for the "out"-fields and the quasifree representation for the "in"-field. The last one is the Bogoliubov transformation between the preferred representation at early times (i.e. the "in"-field representation) and the preferred representation at late times.
Alliance Formation in Contests with Incomplete Information

This paper studies a contest in which players with unobservable types may form an alliance in a pre-stage of the game to join their forces and compete for a prize. We characterize the pure strategy equilibria of this game of incomplete information. We show that if the formation of an alliance is voluntary, players do not reveal private information in the process of alliance formation in any equilibrium. In this case there exists a pooling equilibrium without alliances with a unique effort choice in the contest and there exist equilibria in which all types prefer to form an alliance. If the formation of an alliance can be enforced by one player with positive probability there exists an equilibrium in which only the low types prefer to form an alliance.
An in vitro model for the effects of estrogen on neurons employing estrogen receptor-transfected PC12 cells

Estrogen alters neurite outgrowth, neuritic spine development, and synaptogenesis in estrogen-responsive areas of the rat brain. However, examination of the specific effects of estrogen on neurons in vivo has been difficult. An in vitro model for the effects of estrogen on neurons was developed, using the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line. Wild-type cells (PC12-WT) were stably transfected either with an expression vector coding for the full-length cDNA for the human estrogen receptor (hER), or with a control vector. Resultant clones were isolated, screened for incorporation of vector and expression of ER mRNA and protein, and analyzed for morphologic responses to estrogen. PC12-WT, NEO9 (ER-negative), and SER8 (ER-positive) cells exposed to 100 ng/ml NGF exhibited dose-responsive neurite outgrowth within 2 d by light microscopy (LM). Coadministration of 10(-10) to 10(- 9) M estradiol (E2) had minimal effects on neurite outgrowth, neuritic spine development, or interneuritic connections in NEO9 or PC12-WT cells, but in SER8 cells E2 led to additive and dose-dependent increases in neurite outgrowth, spine development, and interneuritic connectivity. Coincubation of SER8 cells with E2 and the antiestrogen ICI 164,384 negated estrogenic effects on spine development and interneuritic connectivity. At the electron microscopic (EM) level, intercellular abutments of NEO9 or PC12-WT cells contained few and rudimentary gap junctions, with no increase by E2. However, SER8 cells exhibited augmented basal frequencies of gap junctions that increased with E2 incubation. Microinjection of Lucifer yellow into PC12-WT and NEO9 cells demonstrated low frequencies of dye coupling and no change with E2, but SER8 cells demonstrated increased dye-coupling frequency with E2 coincubation. The results suggest that SER8 cells recapitulate estrogen effects on neurons in vivo. Estrogen appears to induce an inherent neural morphologic program in estrogen receptor (ER)- containing cells. These three cell lines provide a unique in vitro system for studying mechanisms of estrogen-neuron interactions.
The state-dependent broadcast channel with cooperation

In this paper, we investigate problems of communication over physically-degraded, state-dependent broadcast channels (BC) with cooperating decoders. Three different setups are considered and their capacity regions are characterized. First, we study a setting where noncausal state information is available to the encoder and the strong decoder. Furthermore, the strong decoder can use a finite capacity link to send the weak decoder information regarding the messages or the channel state. Second, we examine a setting where the encoder and the strong decoder both have access to noncausal state information, while the weak decoder has access to rate-limited state information. This scenario can be interpreted as a special case, where the strong decoder can only cooperate to send the weak decoder rate-limited information about the state sequence. A third case we consider, is a cooperative setting where state information is available only to the encoder in a causal manner. Finally, we discuss the optimality of using rate-splitting when coding for cooperative BC. In particular, we prove that rate-splitting is not necessarily optimal when coding for cooperative BC and solve an example where a multiple-binning coding scheme outperforms rate-splitting.
Software defined radio receivers exploiting noise cancelling: A tutorial review

Traditional radio receivers were narrowband and dedicated to a single frequency band exploiting LC tanks, whereas software defined radios target a flexibly programmable frequency. The broadband noise cancelling circuit technique has proven useful to achieve this target, as it breaks the traditional trade-off between low noise and broadband impedance matching. Different variants exist, with noise cancellation in the voltage or current domain, either at RF or after frequency translation to baseband. This article reviews the development of the noise cancelling technique and its role in inductorless interference robust software defined radio receivers.