Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards effective security control assignment in the Industrial Internet of Things

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), enabled by sensor driven computing, industrial analytics and intelligent machine applications, is driving new growth opportunities and operational efficiency for enterprises across a range of commercial sectors. Increasing interconnectivity of industrial infrastructure, however, has expanded the attack surface and made it a prominent target of cyber attacks. Recent cyber attack campaigns against Industrial Control Systems (ICS), such as Stuxnet and Night Dragon, have shown the rise in level of sophistication of such attacks and the need to rethink ICS security. Although there is merit in applying security controls designed for enterprise/IT infrastructures to IIoT, this by itself is insufficient. In this paper we argue the need to rethink how security controls are applied to IIoT, and account for the unique nuances of its architecture stack and operational processes. We also propose a new framework for analyzing effectiveness of security controls in IIoT environments, and show how it can be used by security architects to design and deploy new systems.
Euler Consumption Equation with Non-Separable Preferences over Consumption and Leisure and Collateral Constraints

This paper derives and estimates an aggregate Euler consumption equation which allows one to compare the importance of collateral constraints and non-separability of consumption and leisure as alternative sources of excess sensitivity of consumption to current income. Estimation results suggest that during a severe financial distress both non-separability and collateral constraints are needed to capture excess sensitivity of consumption to current economic conditions. During more tranquil times, evidence on collateral effects is more limited and non-separability is sufficient to make the Euler consumption equation agree well with the data.
External Trade, Skill, Technology and the recent increase of income inequality in Colombia

This paper’s main objectives are thus to investigate the evolution of the distribution of labor income in Colombia during the previous 20 years and to identify the factors that lie behind this evolution. We attack the problem from two perspectives. First, we use a partial equilibrium model of the labor market to study developments related to the distribution of labor earnings of a homogeneous sample of individuals (homogeneous in terms of labor market attachement and geographical location), using skills as our primary tool of analysis. That is, a simple supplydemand framework for different dimensions and levels of skill is utilized to evaluate the role these variables played, and how they affected the distribution of labor earnings at different points in time. Second, we relate income to several demographical, skill and labor market factors, to isolate the effect these have had on the evolution of that distribution along the entire income range, and on other measures of overall dispersion and on skill differentials. We assess the merit of different explanations and quantify the contribution of each factor to the total observed changes. This second approach uses semi-parametric techniques that allow an analysis of the entire distribution, without assuming a specific parametric form. The difficulty of measuring the effects of trade on income distribution has been long recognized. It has created much debate (see the various articles in Collins, 1998, Cline, 1997 and Kosters, 1991). For this reason we avoid making causal arguments and restrict ourselves to measuring the degree of association between variables. This provides valuable information on the way that foreign trade interacts with earnings and skills.
Real-Time Evaluation of Breast Self-Examination Using Computer Vision

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and breast self-examination (BSE) is considered as the most cost-effective approach for early breast cancer detection. The general objective of this paper is to design and develop a computer vision algorithm to evaluate the BSE performance in real-time. The first stage of the algorithm presents a method for detecting and tracking the nipples in frames while a woman performs BSE; the second stage presents a method for localizing the breast region and blocks of pixels related to palpation of the breast, and the third stage focuses on detecting the palpated blocks in the breast region. The palpated blocks are highlighted at the time of BSE performance. In a correct BSE performance, all blocks must be palpated, checked, and highlighted, respectively. If any abnormality, such as masses, is detected, then this must be reported to a doctor to confirm the presence of this abnormality and proceed to perform other confirmatory tests. The experimental results have shown that the BSE evaluation algorithm presented in this paper provides robust performance.
Development of Robot Soft Fingers for Soft Manipulations Elango

In this paper, an attempt is made towards the development of a robot soft finger for power grasping. Three different soft materials, three different finger configurations and three different diameters are proposed and study is done experimentally. The deformation of fingers against a hard material and a soft material are measured from which the suitable finger configuration and diameter are identified. The frictional coefficients between finger materials and selected target materials are also found experimentally. The suitable soft material for the development of robot soft finger is finally chosen based on the experimental results.
Outcome of patients with transformed indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma referred for autologous stem-cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND The proportion of potentially eligible patients with transformed indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma who undergo autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) is unknown. There are limited data describing their outcome in the rituximab era. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed 105 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven transformation referred to Princess Margaret Hospital for consideration of ASCT during 1996-2009. Patients received anthracycline or platinum-based chemotherapy with or without rituximab. Responders proceeded to stem-cell mobilization and ASCT. RESULTS The median age at transformation was 54 (range 30-65) years. Patients received a median of two chemotherapy regimens for transformation, including rituximab in 39%. Fifty patients (48%) proceeded with ASCT and 55 (52%) did not, mainly due to progressive disease (n = 42). Three-year overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) post-ASCT were 54% and 42%, respectively. Patients receiving rituximab with chemotherapy before transplant had a 3-year post-ASCT OS of 71% versus 47% in those who received chemotherapy alone (P = 0.046). Patients transplanted after 2004 had a 3-year post-ASCT OS of 69% versus 39% in those receiving ASCT earlier (P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS About half of transplant-eligible patients with transformation are able to undergo ASCT. Outcomes following ASCT appear to have improved over recent years, although the role of rituximab in this patient population requires further evaluation.
Image Watermarking Scheme With Unequal Protection Capability Based on Error Correcting Codes

We propose a novel image watermarking scheme capable of providing unequal protection levels to different regions. In the scheme, we firstly construct the unequal error protection (UEP) code by designing an unequal coding space using algebra means, then we divide the image into high protection region, low protection region and non-protection region, and use the UEP code to encode the bits generated by high and low protection regions simultaneously and form the watermark bits to embed in the non-protection region. On the receiver side, the extracted bits with UEP capability can restore the high protection region more correctly than the low protection region after the efficient decoding algorithm is applied.
Short time interval measurement using a time amplifer

A new architecture for on-chip measurement of short time intervals is proposed. In the proposed method, narrow time intervals are first amplified by a time amplifier (TAMP) and then measured by a time to digital converter. A delay locked loop (DLL) circuit is utilized to design a feedback time amplifier in which the gain is programmed by input data to any integer value within a range specified by the number of delay cells in the DLL. The TAMPpsilas gain remains rather unchanged under process and temperature variations due to the inherent negative feedback of the DLL system. The circuit is implemented using CMOS 0.18 mum technology occupying less than 0.63 mm2 of silicon area. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can successfully be employed to measure time intervals in the range of a few tens of picoseconds with an acceptable accuracy.
Spending cuts and their effects on output, unemployment and the deficits

We compare output, unemployment and deficit effects of fiscal adjustments in different types of government outlays in the US, Canada, Japan, and the UK. We identify shocks in government consumption, investment, employment and wages in a structural VAR using sign restrictions from a sticky price DSGE model with matching frictions in the private and public sector, endogenous labor participation and heterogeneous unemployed jobseekers. Government employment cuts induce the highest output losses and the smallest deficit reductions, as well as significant unemployment losses in the US and the UK. On the other hand, wage cuts generate the lowest output and unemployment losses and typically the highest deficit gains. According to our theoretical model, public wage cuts increase labor supply in the private sector and can undo the negative effects of the tightening, while public vacancy cuts reduce it and result in stronger contractions. JEL classification: C11, E12, E32, E62.
Dynamic Capacity Scheduling in Hadoop

Hadoop mapreduce could be a powerful data processing technique giant for large information analysis on distributed artifact between clusters like clouds. In this paper we proposed the improved capacity scheduler to improve the existing scheduler issues that help the scheduler to execute the task in less time. We introduced pipeline and queue management in our proposed work for improving the performance of hadoop. Our experimental result show that our strategies can result in about 29 to 50 % decrease in average response time.
Rumination and Perceived Risk in Seeking Social Support as Mediators of the Stressful Impact of Adversity and Posttraumatic Growth

This study examined rumination and perceived risk of seeking social support as mediators of stress and posttraumatic growth. Participants (n = 242) who experienced adversity completed a series of online measures. Results revealed that deliberate rumination about adversity explained how stress predicted individuals’ perceived risk in seeking support. More stressful events led to an increase in both deliberate rumination and verbal co-rumination; however, deliberate rumination increased the perceived risk of seeking social support and posttraumatic growth independently, whereas verbal co-rumination decreased the risk associated with seeking support, which in turn supported posttraumatic growth.
On the impact of link layer retransmission schemes on TCP over 4G satellite links

We study the impact of reliability mechanisms introduced at the link layer on the performance of transport protocols in the context of 4G satellite links. Specifically, we design a software module that performs realistic analysis of the network performance, by utilizing real physical layer traces of a 4G satellite service. Based on these traces, our software module produces equivalent link layer traces, as a function of the chosen link layer reliability mechanism. We further utilize the link layer traces within the ns‐2 network simulator to evaluate the impact of link layer schemes on the performance of selected Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) variants. We consider erasure coding, selective‐repeat automatic request (ARQ) and hybrid‐ARQ link layer mechanisms, and TCP Cubic, Compound, Hybla, New Reno and Westwood. We show that, for all target TCP variants, when the throughput of the transport protocol is close to the channel capacity, using the ARQ mechanism is most beneficial for TCP performance improvement. In conditions where the physical channel error rate is high, hybrid‐ARQ results in the best performance for all TCP variants considered, with up to 22% improvements compared to other schemes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New Class of Implicative Fuzzy Associative Memories for the Reconstruction of Gray-Scale Images Corrupted by Salt and Pepper Noise

Implicative fuzzy associative memories (IFAMs) and their dual versions (dual IFAMs) are associative memories that exhibit an excellent tolerance with respect to either eroded or dilated patterns, but they are not suited for the reconstruction of patterns corrupted by mixed noise such as salt and pepper noise. This paper presents a solution to this problem by introducing the class of permutation-based finite IFAMs, or simply pi-IFAMs. In few words, pi-IFAMs are IFAMs defined on a finite chain equipped with an unusual ordering scheme. Such as the original IFAMs, the novel models exhibit optimal absolute storage capacity and one step convergence in the auto associative case. Computational experiments revealed that a certain pi-IFAM, called Lukasiewicz pi_mu-IFAM, outperformed several other associative memories models for the reconstruction of gray-scale patterns corrupted by salt and pepper noise.
HVPI: Extending Hadoop to Support Video Analytic Applications

Hadoop is widely deployed distributed computing framework and makes creating distributed applications much easier. However, unlike text data, there is no existing video r/w interface for Hadoop, and many existing video analytic applications implemented in C/C++ are not compatible with Hadoop framework. In this paper, we propose an open source Hadoop video processing interface HVPI to extend Hadoop to support video analytic applications. It provides easy-to-use video r/w interface for developers to quickly build large-scale video analytic applications based on Hadoop, and native processing interface to help users easily port existing video analytic applications written in C/C++ into Hadoop platform. We also present two typical use cases of HVPI and do experiments based on them. Experimental results demonstrate that the applications built based on HVPI are both scalable and efficient.
Systematic Change Impact Determination in Complex Object Database Schemata

Impact analysis is seen as an important technique for controlling the evolution of software systems. Numerous approaches have been proposed which aim to assess the impact of changes on many types of development artefacts. These techniques, although suitable for specific applications, contain inherent weaknesses, making them unsuitable for analysis of object database schemata. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid technique, applicable to object database schemata, which overcomes many of these deficiencies.
Domain Term Extraction and Structuring via Link Analysis

Domain ontologies contain information about the important concepts in a domain, the associated attributes and the relationships between various concepts. The manual creation of domain ontologies is an expensive and time consuming process. In this paper, we present an approach to the automatic extraction of domain ontologies from domainspecific text. This approach uses dependency relations between terms to represent text as a graph. The graph based ranking algorithm HITS is used to identify domain keywords and to structure them as concepts and attributes. Experiments on two different domains, digital cameras and wines, show that our method performs well in comparison to other approaches.
Testing the master constraint programme for loop quantum gravity: IV. Free field theories

This is the fourth paper in our series of five in which we test the master constraint programme for solving the Hamiltonian constraint in loop quantum gravity. We now move on to free field theories with constraints, namely Maxwell theory and linearized gravity. Since the master constraint involves squares of constraint operator valued distributions, one has to be very careful in doing that and we will see that the full flexibility of the master constraint programme must be exploited in order to arrive at sensible results.
Protein biomarkers in vernix with potential to predict the development of atopic eczema in early childhood

Atopic eczema (AE) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which has increased in prevalence. Evidence points toward lifestyle as a major risk factor. AE is often the first symptom early in life later followed by food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Thus, there is a great need to find early, preferentially noninvasive, biomarkers to identify individuals that are predisposed to AE with the goal to prevent disease development.
Cognates alignment

Some authors (Simard et al.; Melamed; Danielsson & Mühlenbock) have suggested measures of similarity of words in different languages so as to find extra clues for alignment of parallel texts. Cognate words, like ‘Parliament’ and ‘Parlement’, in English and French respectively, provide extra anchors that help to improve the quality of the alignment. In this paper, we will extend an alignment algorithm proposed by Ribeiro et al. using typical contiguous and non-contiguous sequences of characters extracted using a statistically sound method (Dias et al.). With these typical sequences, we are able to find more reliable correspondence points and improve the alignment quality without recurring to heuristics to identify cognates.
Classification of ALS Point Cloud with Improved Point Cloud Segmentation and Random Forests

This paper presents an automated and effective framework for classifying airborne laser scanning (ALS) point clouds. The framework is composed of four stages: (i) step-wise point cloud segmentation, (ii) feature extraction, (iii) Random Forests (RF) based feature selection and classification, and (iv) post-processing. First, a step-wise point cloud segmentation method is proposed to extract three kinds of segments, including planar, smooth and rough surfaces. Second, a segment, rather than an individual point, is taken as the basic processing unit to extract features. Third, RF is employed to select features and classify these segments. Finally, semantic rules are employed to optimize the classification result. Three datasets provided by Open Topography are utilized to test the proposed method. Experiments show that our method achieves a superior classification result with an overall classification accuracy larger than 91.17%, and kappa coefficient larger than 83.79%.
Sampled 3D models for CH applications: A viable and enabling new medium or just a technological exercise?

Any application of three-dimensional computer graphics in the Cultural Heritage (CH) field requires availability of a digital model of the artifact(s) treated. Detailed and accurate digital 3D models can be produced with 3D scanning devices, which allow conversion of reality into digital form in a cost and time-effective manner. We present the capabilities of this technology and the main issues which are preventing its wider use in contemporary applications, highlighting some open problems and a few promising new approaches for 3D model construction. We also briefly review some CH applications which could boost the diffusion and evolution of 3D scanning technology.
Prevention and Epidemiology LIN 28 B Polymorphisms Influence Susceptibility to Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Defective microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis contributes to the development and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In this study, we examined the hypothesis that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in miRNA biogenesis genes may influence EOC risk. In an initial investigation, 318 SNPs in 18 genes were evaluated among 1,815 EOC cases and 1,900 controls, followed up by a replicative joint meta-analysis of data from an additional 2,172 cases and 3,052 controls. Of 23 SNPs from 9 genes associated with risk (empirical P < 0.05) in the initial investigation, the meta-analysis replicated 6 SNPs from the DROSHA, FMR1, LIN28, and LIN28B genes, including rs12194974 (G>A), an SNP in a putative transcription factor binding site in the LIN28B promoter region (summary OR 1⁄4 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.98; P 1⁄4 0.015) which has been recently implicated in age of menarche and other phenotypes. Consistent with reports that LIN28B overexpression in EOC contributes to tumorigenesis by repressing tumor suppressor let-7 expression, we provide data from luciferase reporter assays and quantitative RT-PCR to suggest that the inverse association among rs12194974 A allele carriers may be because of reduced LIN28B expression. Our findings suggest that variants in LIN28B and possibly other miRNA biogenesis genes may influence EOC susceptibility. Cancer Res; 71(11); 3896–903. 2011 AACR.
1 1 Shared roles of dorsal and subgenual 2 anterior cingulate cortices in economic decisions 3 4 5

17 18. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not. ABSTRACT 20 Theories of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) function generally emphasize 21 its cognitive and regulatory functions while theories of subgenual ACC (sgACC) 22 emphasize its emotional, limbic, and arousal-related roles. But how different are these 23 areas when compared in the same task? We recorded neuronal responses in both regions 24 in macaques in a task with cognitive and limbic aspects, a token gambling task. Using 25 tokens allowed us to compare responses to wins and losses. Both regions phasically 26 encoded several important economic variables in similar ways; these included offered 27 values, remembered values, attended values, and obtained values, and number of current 28 tokens. Signal-to-noise ratio in sgACC was substantially lower than in dACC, and 29 sgACC neurons responded more strongly to losses and in anticipation of large rewards. 30 These results highlight the common economic functions of the anterior cingulum and 31 suggest different functional emphases between regions, rather than a strict cognitive vs. 32 emotional division. 33 34 35 36 37 38 39. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not .