Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase II Study of Pomegranate Juice for Men with Rising Prostate-Specific Antigen following Surgery or Radiation for Prostate Cancer

Purpose: Phytochemicals in plants may have cancer preventive benefits through antioxidation and via gene-nutrient interactions. We sought to determine the effects of pomegranate juice (a major source of antioxidants) consumption on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression in men with a rising PSA following primary therapy. Experimental Design: A phase II, Simon two-stage clinical trial for men with rising PSA after surgery or radiotherapy was conducted. Eligible patients had a detectable PSA >0.2 and <5 ng/mL and Gleason score ≤7. Patients were treated with 8 ounces of pomegranate juice daily (Wonderful variety, 570 mg total polyphenol gallic acid equivalents) until disease progression. Clinical end points included safety and effect on serum PSA, serum-induced proliferation and apoptosis of LNCaP cells, serum lipid peroxidation, and serum nitric oxide levels. Results: The study was fully accrued after efficacy criteria were met. There were no serious adverse events reported and the treatment was well tolerated. Mean PSA doubling time significantly increased with treatment from a mean of 15 months at baseline to 54 months posttreatment (P < 0.001). In vitro assays comparing pretreatment and posttreatment patient serum on the growth of LNCaP showed a 12% decrease in cell proliferation and a 17% increase in apoptosis (P = 0.0048 and 0.0004, respectively), a 23% increase in serum nitric oxide (P = 0.0085), and significant (P < 0.02) reductions in oxidative state and sensitivity to oxidation of serum lipids after versus before pomegranate juice consumption. Conclusions: We report the first clinical trial of pomegranate juice in patients with prostate cancer. The statistically significant prolongation of PSA doubling time, coupled with corresponding laboratory effects on prostate cancer in vitro cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as oxidative stress, warrant further testing in a placebo-controlled study.
Recognition of famous names predicts cognitive decline in healthy elders.

OBJECTIVE The ability to recognize familiar people is impaired in both Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Dementia (AD). In addition, both groups often demonstrate a time-limited temporal gradient (TG) in which well known people from decades earlier are better recalled than those learned recently. In this study, we examined the TG in cognitively intact elders for remote famous names (1950-1965) compared to more recent famous names (1995-2005). We hypothesized that the TG pattern on a famous name recognition task (FNRT) would predict future cognitive decline, and also show a significant correlation with hippocampal volume. METHOD Seventy-eight healthy elders (ages 65-90) with age-appropriate cognitive functioning at baseline were administered a FNRT. Follow-up testing 18 months later produced two groups: Declining (≥ 1 SD reduction on at least one of three measures) and Stable (< 1 SD). RESULTS The Declining group (N = 27) recognized fewer recent famous names than the Stable group (N = 51), although recognition for remote names was comparable. Baseline MRI volumes for both the left and right hippocampi were significantly smaller in the Declining group than the Stable group. Smaller baseline hippocampal volume was also significantly correlated with poorer performance for recent, but not remote famous names. Logistic regression analyses indicated that baseline TG performance was a significant predictor of group status (Declining vs. Stable) independent of chronological age and APOE ε4 inheritance. CONCLUSIONS The TG for famous name recognition may serve as an early preclinical cognitive marker of cognitive decline in healthy older individuals.
Korean Version of Inventory of Complicated Grief Scale: Psychometric Properties in Korean Adolescents

We aimed to validate the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG)-Korean version among 1,138 Korean adolescents, representing a response rate of 57% of 1,997 students. Participants completed a set of questionnaires including demographic variables (age, sex, years of education, experience of grief), the ICG, the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events-Child (LITE-C). Exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine whether the ICG items indicated complicated grief in Korean adolescents. The internal consistency of the ICG-Korean version was Cronbach's α=0.87. The test-retest reliability for a randomly selected sample of 314 participants in 2 weeks was r=0.75 (P<0.001). Concurrent validity was assessed using a correlation between the ICG total scores and the CDI total scores (r=0.75, P<0.001). The criterion-related validity based on the comparison of ICG total scores between adolescents without complicated grief (1.2±3.7) and adolescent with complicated grief (3.2±6.6) groups was relatively high (t=5.71, P<0.001). The data acquired from the 1,138 students was acceptable for a factor analysis (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy=0.911; Bartlett's Test of Sphericity, χ2=13,144.7, P<0.001). After omission of 3 items, the value of Cronbach's α increased from 0.87 for the 19-item ICG-Korean version to 0.93 for the 16-item ICG-Korean version. These results suggest that the ICG is a useful tool in assessing for complicated grief in Korean adolescents. However, the 16-item version of the ICG appeared to be more valid compared to the 19-item version of the ICG. We suggest that the 16-item version of the ICG be used to screen for complicated grief in Korean adolescents.
Year : 2011 Generalised filtering and stochastic DCM for fMRI

This paper is about the fitting or inversion of dynamic causal models (DCMs) of fMRI time series. It tries to establish the validity of stochastic DCMs that accommodate random fluctuations in hidden neuronal and physiological states. We compare and contrast deterministic and stochastic DCMs, which do and do not ignore random fluctuations or noise on hidden states. We then compare stochastic DCMs, which do and do not ignore conditional dependence between hidden states and model parameters (generalised filtering and dynamic expectation maximisation, respectively). We first characterise statenoise by comparing the log evidence of models with different a priori assumptions about its amplitude, form and smoothness. Face validity of the inversion scheme is then established using data simulated with and without state-noise to ensure that DCM can identify the parameters and model that generated the data. Finally, we address construct validity using real data from an fMRI study of internet addiction. Our analyses suggest the following. (i) The inversion of stochastic causal models is feasible, given typical fMRI data. (ii) State-noise has nontrivial amplitude and smoothness. (iii) Stochastic DCM has face validity, in the sense that Bayesian model comparison can distinguish between data that have been generated with high and low levels of physiological noise and model inversion provides veridical estimates of effective connectivity. (iv) Relaxing conditional independence assumptions can have greater construct validity, in terms of revealing group differences not disclosed by variational schemes. Finally, we note that the ability to model endogenous or random fluctuations on hidden neuronal (and physiological) states provides a new and possibly more plausible perspective on how regionally specific signals in fMRI are generated. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage. 2011.01. 085 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-49235 Originally published at: Li, Baojuan; Daunizeau, Jean; Stephan, Klaas E; Penny, Will; Hu, Dewen; Friston, Karl J (2011). Generalised filtering and stochastic DCM for fMRI. NeuroImage, 58(2):442-457. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage. 2011.01. 085 Generalised filtering and stochastic DCM for fMRI Baojuan Li , Jean Daunizeau , Klaas E. Stephan , Will Penny , Dewen Hu , Karl Friston a,⁎ a The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK b Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, Institute of Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland c College of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, PR China a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o
The neurovascular complexity index as a potential indicator of traumatic brain injury severity: A case-series study

BACKGROUND Multimodal monitoring of brain physiology following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) shows promise as a strategy to improve management and outcomes of TBI patients within civilian and military trauma. Valid and reliable measures of different aspects of brain physiology following a TBI could prove critical to accurately capturing these changes. METHODS Using a case-series design with a control subject group comparison, we evaluated a new proprietary algorithm called the Neurovascular Complexity Index (NCI) using transcranial Doppler to noninvasively obtain measures of cerebral blood flow variability. Baseline NCI data from 169 control subjects were compared with 12 patients with moderate to severe TBI. RESULTS Patients with TBI exhibited significantly greater mean and variability in NCI scores compared with control subjects (F = 195.48; p < 0.001). The mean absolute deviation (MAD) of NCI scores increased significantly and in a monotonic fashion with severity of injury, where control subjects exhibited a small MAD of 0.44, patients with moderate TBI had a higher MAD of 4.20, and patients with severe TBI had an MAD of 6.51 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Advancement in multimodal monitoring of TBI patients is important in reducing the potential risk of secondary injury. This study reports results indicating that a new noninvasive quantifiable assessment of TBI based on a noninvasive measure of cerebral blood flow variability shows potential for continuous monitoring and early identification of brain-injured patients, deployable in far-forward military environments, to better inform individualized management. Level of Evidence Case series, level IV.
Predictive Processing and the Varieties of Psychological Trauma

A recently popular framework in the cognitive sciences takes the human nervous system to be a hierarchically arranged Bayesian prediction machine. In this paper, we examine psychological trauma through the lens of this framework. We suggest that this can help us to understand the nature of trauma, and the different effects that different kinds of trauma can have. We end by exploring synergies between our approach and current theories of PTSD, and gesture toward future directions.
Being Married, Doing Gender: A Critical Analysis of Gender Relationships in Marriage

In one of the first psychological studies of women in heterosexual relationships, Caroline Dryden examines the social context of their experiences and emotional struggles. Unlike the developmental literature in which women are studied only as mothers, or the clinical literature which has little theoretical basis, Being Married, Doing Gender places case study material in the context of the power balance between women and men. Caroline Dryden finds that there are contradictions between stereotypical gender roles and the maintenance of an equal partnership that can cause problems for both women and men. Being Married, Doing Gender will be valuable to students studying psychology or gender and women's studies and to marriage guidance counsellors and psychotherapists.
Scheduling directives for shared-memory many-core processor systems

We consider many-core processors with task-oriented programming, whereby scheduling constraints among tasks are decided offline, and are then enforced by the runtime system. Here, exposing and beneficially exploiting fine grain data and control parallelism is increasingly important. Therefore, high expressive power for stating such constraints/directives, along with the ability to implement them in fast, simple hardware, is critical for success. In this paper, we focus on the relationship between duplicable tasks, which are used to express and exploit data parallelism. We extend the conventional Start-After-Complete (precedence) constraint to also be usable between replicas of different such tasks rather than only between entire tasks, thereby increasing the exposable parallelism. Additionally, we propose the parameterized Start-After-Start constraint, which can be used to control the degree of "lockstep" among multiple such tasks, e.g., in order to improve cache performance when the tasks work on the same data. Also, we briefly describe several additional interesting directives. Finally, we show that the directives can be supported efficiently in hardware. Hypercore, a very efficient CREW PRAM-like shared-cache architecture, which is very challenging because it has extremely fast dispatching for basic constraints, is used in the discussion. However, the new directives have broader applicability.
A friend in need is a friend indeed [software metrics and friend functions]

Previous research has highlighted the extensive use of the C++ friend construct in both library-based and application-based systems. However, existing software metrics do not concentrate on measuring friendship accurately, a surprising omission given the debate friendship has caused in the object-oriented community. In this paper, a number of software metrics, that measure the extent to which friend class relationships are actually used in systems, are defined. These metrics are based on the interactions for which the friend construct is necessary, as well as the direction of this association between classes. Our results, in applying these metrics to the top 100 downloaded systems from sourceforge.net, indicate that up to 66% of friend class relationships in systems are redundant. Elsewhere, friend function declarations would have been more appropriate in many cases. In addition, it has been shown that friendship-based coupling contributes significantly to the high coupling of friend classes for only 25% of the systems studied.
Multidimensional Indexing in an OODBMS - a Case Study

When decision makers are required to query terabytes or petabytes of datasets, narrowing the search space helps in shortening the time for querying. We investigated the use of a feature space multidimensional index to narrow the search space. When studying different indexing techniques we found that each fits certain data spaces. We identified a hybrid approach that adapts to different types of indexed data with the goal to optimize both insertion and query performance. We also investigated how the multidimensional index could be used to define a complex feature space from different data types, which we call a 'composite' data view. Such an index is independent of the data location and distribution. We believe our approach could address the problem of dealing with massive dynamic datasets for optimum query performance
Development of a Brief Multicultural Version of the Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMDbrief) Questionnaire

The Test of Mobile Phone Dependence (TMD) questionnaire (Chóliz, 2012) evaluates the main features of mobile phone dependence: tolerance, abstinence syndrome, impaired impulse control, associated problems, excessive use, etc. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a multicultural version of the TMD (TMDbrief) adapted to suit the novel communication tools of smartphones. Procedure: In this study, the TMD was completed by 2,028 young respondents in six distinct world regions: Southern Europe, Northwest Europe, South-America, Mesoamerica, Pakistan, and India. Results: Psychometric analysis of the reliability of the instrument and factor analysis were performed to adapt the TMDbrief for use in these regions. Differences among regions with respect to TMD Mobile Phone Dependence scores were obtained. Conclusion: A brief questionnaire for the evaluation of mobile phone addiction in cross-cultural studies was successfully developed.
DNOC: an accurate and fast virtual channel and deflection routing network-on-chip simulator

We present DNOC, a network-on-chip simulator. DNOC simulates custom network topologies with detailed router models. Both classic virtual channel (VC) based router models and deflection routing models are supported. We validate the simulation models against hardware RTL router models. DNOC can generate various statistics, such as network latency and power. We evaluate the simulator in three typical use cases. In stand-alone simulation, synthetic traffic generators are used to offer load to the network. In synchronous co-simulation, the simulator is integrated as a module within a larger system simulator with synchronization every simulated cycle. In the faster model based co-simulation mode, a latency model is built, and re-tuned periodically at longer time intervals. We demonstrate co-simulation by running applications from the Rodinia and SPLASH-2 benchmark sets on mesh variants. DNOC is also able to run on multiple x86 cores in parallel, speeding up the simulation of large networks.
Predicting a Scientific Community’s Response to an Article

We consider the problem of predicting measurable responses to scientiﬁc articles based primarily on their text content. Specifically, we consider papers in two ﬁelds (economics and computational linguistics) and make predictions about downloads and within-community citations. Our approach is based on generalized linear models, allowing interpretability; a novel extension that captures ﬁrst-order temporal effects is also presented. We demonstrate that text features signiﬁcantly improve accuracy of predictions over metadata features like authors, topical categories, and publication venues.
Plasmonic Scattering as an Efficient Tool for a Force-Free Technique to Follow Single DNA Molecules

One of the promising methods for single molecule studies is Tethered Particle Motion (TPM). The technique layout that was developed a decade ago (1), is based on anchoring one end of a DNA molecule (or any other polymer of interest) to a surface, and labeling the opposite end with an optical marker. In solution, the marker moves randomly in a volume that is governed by the restrictions set by the DNA molecule. Tracking and analyzing its position distribution provides an essential tool to follow the dynamics of the DNA conformations (2, 3). Most of the TPM systems use a CCD camera to detect the projected position of the bead on a two-dimensional plane, and the information on the bead height above the surface is lost. Here we show how TPM can be exploited for three-dimensional particle tracking using Total Internal Reflection (TIR) (4) illumination system. We also report of the deviations between the lateral distribution and the axial distribution.
Childhood maltreatment, juvenile disorders and adult post-traumatic stress disorder: a prospective investigation

Background We examine prospectively the influence of two separate but potentially inter-related factors in the etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): childhood maltreatment as conferring a susceptibility to the PTSD response to adult trauma and juvenile disorders as precursors of adult PTSD. Method The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (DMHDS) is a birth cohort (n = 1037) from the general population of New Zealand's South Island, with multiple assessments up to age 38 years. DSM-IV PTSD was assessed among participants exposed to trauma at ages 26–38. Complete data were available on 928 participants. Results Severe maltreatment in the first decade of life, experienced by 8.5% of the sample, was associated significantly with the risk of PTSD among those exposed to adult trauma [odds ratio (OR) 2.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16–6.01], compared to no maltreatment. Moderate maltreatment, experienced by 27.2%, was not associated significantly with that risk (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.85–2.85). However, the two estimates did not differ significantly from one another. Juvenile disorders (ages 11–15), experienced by 35% of the sample, independent of childhood maltreatment, were associated significantly with the risk of PTSD response to adult trauma (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.32–4.18). Conclusions Severe maltreatment is associated with risk of PTSD response to adult trauma, compared to no maltreatment, and juvenile disorders, independent of earlier maltreatment, are associated with that risk. The role of moderate maltreatment remains unresolved. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of moderate maltreatment, experienced by the majority of adult trauma victims with a history of maltreatment.
Analysis of breakdown probability of wireless sensor networks with unreliable relay nodes

In the present paper, we derive an upper bound on the average network breakdown probability of packet networks with unreliable relay nodes. We here assume that relay nodes get independently broken with a given node breakdown probability. A survivor graph is the induced subgraph obtained by removing the broken relay nodes and their connecting edges from the original graph. If the survivor network is disconnected, we consider a network breakdown happens. The primal contribution of the paper is to derive an upper bound on the average network breakdown probability, where the expectation is taken over a regular graph ensemble. The proof of the bound is based on a natural one-to-one correspondence between a regular graph and a regular bipartite graph, and also on enumeration of bipartite graphs satisfying certain conditions. This proof argument is inspired by the analysis of weight distribution for low-density parity-check codes. Compared with estimates of the average network breakdown probability obtained by computer experiments, it is observed that the upper bound provides the values which are not only upper bounds but also precise estimates of the network breakdown probability when the node breakdown probability is small.
The comparison of various oral hygiene strategies in neuromuscularly disabled individuals.

BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the effect of various oral hygiene strategies on the symptoms of inflammation in neuromuscularly disabled patients and to define the optimum hygiene method. METHODS Fifty-nine neuromuscularly disabled participants, suffering from cerebral palsy, were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Group M: manual toothbrush (n=14), Group E: electrically powered toothbrush (n=9), Group MC: manual toothbrush and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) spray (n=13), Group EC: electrically powered toothbrush and CHX spray (n=9), and Group C: CHX spray (n=14). The oral hygiene applications were provided by the parents and staff. At baseline and after 21 days the plaque index (PI), the gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. RESULTS In intra-group comparisons of the pre- and post-application scores, in all groups the PI and GI scores and BOP percentages, except in Group C, were found significantly different (p<0.05). There were significant differences among the post-application scores, between Group M and Group E and between Group C and Group E in PI scores; between Group C and Group E the difference in GI scores were found statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although all oral hygiene strategies reduced plaque and gingival inflammation, the results of our study suggested the electrically powered toothbrush could be more recommendable to neuromuscularly disabled people in these strategies, while the combined procedures appeared to be neither beneficial nor favorable.