Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-molecule spectroscopy of protein folding in a chaperonin cage

Molecular chaperones are known to be essential for avoiding protein aggregation in vivo, but it is still unclear how they affect protein folding mechanisms. We use single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer to follow the folding of a protein inside the GroEL/GroES chaperonin cavity over a time range from milliseconds to hours. Our results show that confinement in the chaperonin decelerates the folding of the C-terminal domain in the substrate protein rhodanese, but leaves the folding rate of the N-terminal domain unaffected. Microfluidic mixing experiments indicate that strong interactions of the substrate with the cavity walls impede the folding process, but the folding hierarchy is preserved. Our results imply that no universal chaperonin mechanism exists. Rather, a competition between intra- and intermolecular interactions determines the folding rates and mechanisms of a substrate inside the GroEL/GroES cage.
Unpacking the Drivers of Stakeholder Engagement in Sustainable Water Management: NGOs and the Use of Facebook

The number of people worldwide without access to safe drinking water or adequate sanitation is an unresolved and growing concern, with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) playing an important role in mitigating the effects of water shortage. These organizations utilize the communication mechanisms at their disposal, such as social media, to help spread their social message and to achieve the commitment of society to their cause. In this context and based on dialogic and the resource dependence theory framework, the main aim of this research is to analyze how organizational structure, resource allocation and communication policies of NGOs focused on water management influence the online commitment of their stakeholders. Exploratory results show that these NGOs are not taking enough advantage of social media to engage with their potential donors and volunteers because of the remarkable difference between the management of Facebook posts and users’ behavior. Using multivariate lineal regression, our findings show that certain structural (namely, size, reputation and board size), economic (fundraising expenses) and social media (number of Facebook fans) characteristics positively influence stakeholder engagement, while administrative spending and a broad presence in many social networks straitens the ability of these type of NGOs to attract and retain stakeholders’ commitment through social media.
The Hard Road to the Good Life: The Happy, Mature Person

The purpose of this article is to examine how two aspects of the good life, happiness and maturity, are reflected in the stories that people tell about their lives. This article highlights the ways that ego development may change the meaning and experience of happiness. When happy people tell stories of life transition, they are more likely to use foreshadowing and happy endings. When mature people tell such stories, they tend to include mention of their active struggle with their life changes. The stories of happy, mature individuals are examined to illustrate how negative life experiences and difficult times may be accommodated into the good life.
Dimensions of Management System and Performance in Continuous-Process Organizations

The relationships among management system dimensions and performance were studied in 44 continuous-process organizations located in Pennsylvania. Organic management systems, as opposed to mechanistic systems, were found to be related to both higher profitability and subjective organizational performance ratings. Specifically, a de-emphasis of both an impersonal hierarchy and the use of rules for decision-making were significantly related to higher performance for this sample. Based on prior research, the sample was then split into highand low-performance subsamples and examined with cluster analysis. Much more clearly defined clusters among the management system variables were found for the low-performance than for the high-performance subsamples. Implications for organizational theory and management and for future research are discussed.
Social Identities, Group Formation, and the Analysis of Online Communities

Central to research in social psychology is the means in which communities form, attract new members, and develop over time. Research has found that the relative anonymity of Internet communication encourages self-expression and facilitates the formation of relationships based on shared values and beliefs. Self-expression in online social networks enables identity experimentation and development. As identities are fluid, situationally contingent, and are the perpetual subject and object of negotiation within the individual, the presented and perceived identity of the individual may not match reality. In this chapter, the authors consider the psychological challenges unique to understanding the dynamics of social identity formation and strategic interaction in online social networks. The psychological development of social identities in online social network interaction is discussed, highlighting how collective identity and self-categorization associates social identity to online group formation. The overall aim of this chapter is to explore how social identity affects the formation and development of online communities, how to analyze the development of these communities, and the implications such social networks have within education.
Genome-Wide Expression Patterns and the Genetic Architecture of a Fundamental Social Trait

Explaining how interactions between genes and the environment influence social behavior is a fundamental research goal, yet there is limited relevant information for species exhibiting natural variation in social organization. The fire ant Solenopsis invicta is characterized by a remarkable form of social polymorphism, with the presence of one or several queens per colony and the expression of other phenotypic and behavioral differences being completely associated with allelic variation at a single Mendelian factor marked by the gene Gp-9. Microarray analyses of adult workers revealed that differences in the Gp-9 genotype are associated with the differential expression of an unexpectedly small number of genes, many of which have predicted functions, implying a role in chemical communication relevant to the regulation of colony queen number. Even more surprisingly, worker gene expression profiles are more strongly influenced by indirect effects associated with the Gp-9 genotypic composition within their colony than by the direct effect of their own Gp-9 genotype. This constitutes an unusual example of an “extended phenotype” and suggests a complex genetic architecture with a single Mendelian factor, directly and indirectly influencing the individual behaviors that, in aggregate, produce an emergent colony-level phenotype.
The running economy difference between running barefoot and running shod

Kalina, T. , Cacek, J., & Kmetova, L. (2015). Comparison of maximum lactate between course navette test and hoff test in soccer players at 2600 meters above sea level. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. , 9(Proc1), pp.S399S403. Barefoot (BF) running is very popular topic among runners and coaches, and very often discussed in papers and even mass-media point is health aspect. The aim of this study is verify influence BF on physiological indicators. Nine women (age 21.1 ± 1.79 y.o., weight 59.7 ± 5.86 kg, height 164.8 ± 4.02 cm, no previous BF running experience, athletes, non-runners) completed two tests of running economy (RE) in minimal gap of 48 hours. Test of RE consisted of dynamic stretching warm-up and 7 minutes run on treadmill (constant velocity 7 km·h -1 , inclination +1 %) BF and shoed (RS). Hearth rate (HR; beats·min-1) and oxygen uptake (RE, running economy; ml·kg-1·min-1) were collected in last two minutes of each test. There were found insignificant differences (α = .05) in HR (BF 160.92 ± 22.62 vs. RS 163.5 ± 20.99; p = .214) a RE (BF 31.5 ± 2.65 vs RS 30.21 ± 2.91; p = .086). There were been discovered seven individual lower values of RE in BF, as well as same number of lower values of HR (BF). Running barefoot is insignificant economical in among non-experienced barefoot women athletes. Key words JOGGING, COST OF RUNNING, ENERGY, WOMEN, BREATH-BY-BREATH, TREADMILL.
Type synthesis of TMDs as anti-galloping devices for overhead transmission lines by using planar mechanisms

The successful application of anti-galloping devices plays an important role for the safe operation of power grids, including the application of torsional mass dampers (TMDs). In this paper, the performance index of types of TMDs is proposed based on the galloping mechanism of overhead transmission lines. Furthermore, the types of TMDs are synthesized, taking the performance index of the types of TMDs and operation experience of anti-galloping into account. The synthesized TMDs feature symmetrical or non-symmetrical structures. Finally, several TMDs are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Predicting EFL Learners' Emotional Intelligence and Critical Thinking Ability through Big-Five Personality Traits: A Study on Psychological Characteristics of

IJSER © 2013 http://www.ijser. org Predicting EFL Learners’ Emotional Intelligence and Critical Thinking Ability through Big-Five Personality Traits: A Study on Psychological Characteristics of EFL Learners Mania Nosratinia, Elnaz Sarabchian 1 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, Cental Tehran Branch, Faculty of Foreign Languages, English Department, Tehran, Iran. mania_nosratinia@yahoo.com 2 MA Candidate, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Faculty of Foreign Languages, English Department, Tehran, Iran. Elnaz.sarabchian@yahoo.com
The Impact of Brand Personality and Customer Satisfaction on Customer's Loyalty: Theoretical Approach and Findings of a Causal Analytical Study in the Sector of Internet Service Providers

For the past few years, companies within the telecommunication and media industry have been operating within the environment of digital convergence. Internet Service Providers especially are, therefore, confronted with a new competitive landscape, which is characterized by an increased complexity and dynamics. This development implies a need for change in the strategic alignment, a change away from transaction towards relationship orientation understanding loyal customers as an asset. In many different industrial and service providing sectors customer satisfaction is regarded as the key to customer loyalty. However, this relationship is influenced by several other variables, such as the congruent perception of a brand's personality and customer's self‐concept, switching barriers or the attractiveness of products and services provided by rival companies. This paper examines the relationships between those constructs and provides a structural equation model with latent variables for modelling these complex .
Strasbourg’s Interpretive Ethic: Lessons for the International Lawyer

The article offers an account of the judicial philosophy which underpins the European Court of Human Rights� approach to treaty interpretation. The first part argues that Strasbourg's interpretive ethic has been dismissive of originalism and textualism and has favoured instead the moral reading of the Convention rights. The second part of the article explains why Strasbourg's interpretive ethic is fully justified, by offering an account of the nature of treaty interpretation in general. It argues that treaty interpretation is intrinsically an evaluative task in identifying the moral values which normatively constrain the projects that states pursue on the international plane. Treaty interpretation is only derivatively an exercise in discovering drafters� intentions and in determining the meaning of treaty provisions. Which interpretive methods an adjudicative body should use depends on the nature of the treaty in question and the moral value in play.
Turbo decoding of Gilbert-Elliot channels

We describe parallel concatenated codes for communication over finite-state binary Markov channels. We present encoder design techniques and decoder processing modifications that utilize the a priori statistics of the channel and show that the resulting codes allow reliable communication at rates which are above the capacity of a memoryless channel with the same stationary bit error probability as the Markov channel. These codes outperform systems based on the traditional approach of using a channel interleaver to create a channel which is assumed to be memoryless. In addition, we introduce a joint estimation/decoding method that allows the estimation of the parameters of the hidden Markov model when they are not known a priori.
Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents

Abstract Bridelia ferruginea is a woody shrub that grows in the Savannah or rain forests of Africa and has traditionally been used to treat diabetes, arthritis and boils. Despite all these uses, extensive toxicological evaluation has not been carried out. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the sub-chronic toxicological effects of the stem bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea in rats. The lethal dose (LD50) was determined using probit analysis and graded doses of the extract (250–4 000 mg/kg) were administered to the animals via oral and intraperitoneal routes and observed for mortality, behavioral changes and signs of toxicity. Sub-chronic toxicity study was carried out at doses of 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 mg/kg administered daily for 60 days. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days. Blood was collected for biochemical (renal and hepatic), hematological, oxidative stress, sperm and histopathological examinations, using standard methods. LD50 of the extract was estimated as >4 000 mg/kg orally; neither significant visible signs of toxicity nor mortality were observed. There were no significant differences in the animals and organ weights, hematological and biochemical parameters in the treated groups compared to the control group. However, a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of lipid peroxidation and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in sperm count were observed in the treated animals compared with the control group. The stem-bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea was found to be relatively safe, though it has the potential to cause lipid peroxidation and damage sperm quality and should thus be used with caution.
A Low-Profile Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antenna Array for Dual-Mode OAM Applications

A dual-polarized dual-mode orbital angular momentum (OAM) microstrip antenna array is presented. The OAM radio beams are generated by employing a four-element antenna array with specific excitation. Each antenna element is an aperture-coupled microstrip patch antenna with a low profile of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.1\lambda _{{\rm{0}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The quasi-cross-shaped aperture is excited by a U-shaped and an M-shaped microstrip feedline, which leads to two orthogonal polarizations. By adopting two types of phase-shifting schemes, the antenna array can be used to produce dual-mode OAM waves (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rm{l}} = \pm 1$</tex-math></inline-formula>). The measured results show that the proposed antenna array has achieved good impedance matching over the band of 5.4–5.6 GHz, and a port-to-port isolation better than 25 dB. Moreover, the rotational phase fronts indicate waves properly bearing OAM with different states.
"READ IN YOUR HEAD": A VYGOTSKIAN ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSITION FROM ORAL TO SILENT READING

Studies have demonstrated that beginning and poor readers typically comprehend text better after reading orally rather than silently,whereas more advanced readers tend to show superior understanding after silent reading. Recently, researchers have referred to Vygotsky's sociohistorical theory when interpreting these results. The purpose of the present study was to construct in greater detail an explanatory model for these findings using Vygotskian concepts such as internalization and egocentric speech, and to assess and further develop this model with an empirical study. The reading comprehension of 73 children in grades 2, 3, and 4 was determined after they read oral and silent reading passages. In order to separate grade-level and competency-level effects, the children's teachers rated the students' reading competency, and their ratings were used as a covariate. It was expected that grade 2 and 3 children would comprehend text better after oral reading, whereas it was predicted that the grade 4 pupils w.
Convergent and Divergent fMRI Responses in Children and Adults to Increasing Language Production Demands

In adults, patterns of neural activation associated with perhaps the most basic language skill—overt object naming—are extensively modulated by the psycholinguistic and visual complexity of the stimuli. Do children's brains react similarly when confronted with increasing processing demands, or they solve this problem in a different way? Here we scanned 37 children aged 7–13 and 19 young adults who performed a well-normed picture-naming task with 3 levels of difficulty. While neural organization for naming was largely similar in childhood and adulthood, adults had greater activation in all naming conditions over inferior temporal gyri and superior temporal gyri/supramarginal gyri. Manipulating naming complexity affected adults and children quite differently: neural activation, especially over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, showed complexity-dependent increases in adults, but complexity-dependent decreases in children. These represent fundamentally different responses to the linguistic and conceptual challenges of a simple naming task that makes no demands on literacy or metalinguistics. We discuss how these neural differences might result from different cognitive strategies used by adults and children during lexical retrieval/production as well as developmental changes in brain structure and functional connectivity.
XRank: Learning More fromWeb User Behaviors

Link analysis has been widely used to evaluate the importance of web pages. PageRank, the most famous link analysis algorithm, offers an effective way to rank the pages. However, the algorithm ignores three facts. First, nowadays the way that users retrieve information is quite different from the previous way when web search engine was not extensively used. Second, inter-site links and intra-site links should not be treated equally. A link from a different site is more important for a page than that within the same site. Third, most users start their browsing from a homepage, which should be given more weight than other pages. In this paper, we propose a novel ranking algorithm called XRank as a solution to these problems. Experimental results on the CWT100g show that our XRank algorithm outperforms other famous ranking algorithms, including PageRank and Two-Layer PageRank, especially on sites recommendation and web spam avoidance.
The relationship between sensory processing disorders and eating problems among children with intellectual developmental deficits

Introduction Sensory processing disorders are prevalent among children with intellectual developmental deficits and negatively impact their daily routines. Eating, which is a major part of daily routines, is known to be frequently impaired among children with intellectual developmental deficits. This study aimed to examine the relationships between sensory processing disorders and eating problems in children with different levels of intellectual developmental deficit. Method Participants were 91 children aged 4 to 9 years: 25 with mild intellectual developmental deficits, 32 with moderate intellectual developmental deficits and 34 with severe/profound intellectual developmental deficits. All participants were recruited from special education kindergartens/schools for children with intellectual developmental deficits. Participants' primary caregiver in school completed the screening tool of eating problems and the short sensory profile. Findings Significant correlations between sensory processing disorders and eating problems were found in each intellectual developmental deficit level (r = −.40, p ≤ .05 to r = −.57, p ≤ .001), but most correlations were found among children with moderate and severe/profound level. Energy level significantly predicted aspiration frequency; smell/taste sensitivity significantly predicted food selectivity and food refusal frequency. Conclusion Eating problems should be screened among children with intellectual developmental deficits according to intellectual developmental deficit severity and other related factors such as sensory processing disorders. Applying this approach in occupational therapy intervention may contribute to a child's adaptive behaviour and performance in daily routines.
Problematic internet use, flow and procrastination in the workplace

Recent research indicates that some users of the Internet experience personal and/or professional disruptions due to their time spent online. Is this problematic use of the Internet a result of high involvement and enjoyment of interacting with this highly sophisticated medium? Or is using the Internet problematically a result of boredom and distraction, a tool used to avoid doing unpleasant tasks? This study aimed to investigate the nature of problematic Internet use within the South African workplace, and the effect this has on an organisation and an individual. It also aimed to expand upon previous research in this area, by considering the predictive effect of the relationship between flow and procrastination on problematic Internet use. Questionnaires containing a biographical information sheet, internet use form, and three well-established measures, including the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ), a Self-report (Flow) Scale, as well as the distraction subscale of the Online Cognition Scale (OCS), were converted into a webpage and placed on the website of IT Web. This sampling method yielded a final sample of 1399 respondents, consisting of 1065 men and 334 women. The results of this study illustrated significant differences between individuals experiencing problematic Internet use, and those using the Internet in a healthy manner. In addition, the findings of this study indicated that there was a positive relationship between the constructs of problematic Internet use, flow and procrastination, with a degree of overlap between them, thus confirming that flow and procrastination are good predictors of problematic Internet use and that these three concepts are not completely separable. Table of
The centromere‐binding factor Cbf1p from Candida albicans complements the methionine auxotrophic phenotype of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A gene encoding the centromere binding factor 1 (Cbf1p) of the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans was cloned and characterized. An open reading‐frame was detected which encoded a 223 amino acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 25.8 kDa and a relative isoelectric point of 5.55. It shares 39% overall amino acid sequence identity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cbf1p. We localized the CaCBF1 gene on chromosome 4. Southern analysis indicated that CaCBF1 is probably present as a single copy gene per haploid genome. The CaCBF1 gene under the control of its own promoter was able to complement the methionine auxotrophic growth, the increased mitotic instability of CEN plasmids and the slow growth of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae cbf1Δ mutant strain. The GenBank Accession No. for this gene is AJ303083. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.