Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Control of Cell Cycle, Proliferation, and Survival of Primary T Lymphocytes by Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides1

Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides play critical roles in DNA and RNA synthesis as well as in membrane lipid biosynthesis and protein glycosylation. They are necessary for the development and survival of mature T lymphocytes. Activation of T lymphocytes is associated with an increase of purine and pyrimidine pools. However, the question of how purine vs pyrimidine nucleotides regulate proliferation, cell cycle, and survival of primary T lymphocytes following activation has not yet been specifically addressed. This was investigated in the present study by using well-known purine (mycophenolic acid, 6-mercaptopurine) and pyrimidine (methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) inhibitors, which are used in neoplastic diseases or as immunosuppressive agents. The effect of these inhibitors was analyzed according to their time of addition with respect to the initiation of mitogenic activation. We showed that synthesis of both purine and pyrimidine nucleotides is required for T cell proliferation. However, purine and pyrimidine nucleotides differentially regulate the cell cycle since purines control both G1 to S phase transition and progression through the S phase, whereas pyrimidines only control progression from early to intermediate S phase. Furthermore, inhibition of pyrimidine synthesis induces apoptosis whatever the time of inhibitor addition whereas inhibition of purine nucleotides induces apoptosis only when applied to already cycling T cells, suggesting that both purine and pyrimidine nucleotides are required for survival of cells committed into S phase. These findings reveal a hitherto unknown role of purine and pyrimidine de novo synthesis in regulating cell cycle progression and maintaining survival of activated T lymphocytes.
Clinical pharmacology of the H1‐receptor antagonists cetirizine and loratadine in children

H1‐receptor antagonists are widely used in children but are not as well‐studied in children as they are in adults. Our objective was to determine the onset and duration of action and the relative potency of the H1‐receptor antagonists cetirizine and loratadine in children. We performed a prospective, randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, crossover, single‐dose study of cetirizine and loratadine using suppression of the histamine‐induced wheal and flare as the primary outcome. In 15 allergic children, mean age 9 years, compared with baseline, cetirizine (10 mg) suppressed the wheals and flares significantly from 0.25 to 24 h, achieving nearly 100% of flare suppression from 2 to 24 h, inclusive, and loratadine (10 mg) suppressed the wheals and flares significantly from 0.75 to 24 h, inclusive. Cetirizine suppressed the wheals and flares significantly more than loratadine from 0.25 to 1 h, inclusive, and at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 24 h, respectively. Placebo also suppressed the wheal and flare significantly at some assessment times. Cetirizine and loratadine both have excellent antihistaminic activity in children, with a rapid onset of action and a 24‐h duration of action in this population.
Preschoolers' Perception of other People's Looking: Photographs and Drawings

Children aged 3–4 years were tested for their ability to decide which of two photographs or drawings of a face depicted the act of fixating on a target object; in each control photograph or drawing the same face and object were present without fixation. Performance was above chance on both stimulus types, but low enough to call into question conclusions from previous research. The same children were also tested on their ability to discriminate between photographs/drawings depicting two faces fixating the same object (joint visual attention) and the same two faces fixating different objects. While discrimination of joint visual attention depicted in drawings was as good as discrimination of fixation in the single-face tasks, the ability to reliably choose between a photograph of two people attending to a common object and a control photograph was significantly poorer. The results suggest that, while young infants and children may be highly sensitive to face-on gaze, even well into the fourth year of life children arc unable consistently to interpret (1) direction of non-self-directed gaze in static faces and (2) joint visual attention by others.
Quantum Electronics III

(IN TWO VOLUMES) Edited by P. Grivet and N. Bloembergen London: Columbia University Press. 1964. Pp. xxix + 1923. Price 154s. two volumes. The Third Quantum Electronics Conference was held in the Palais de l'UNESCO in February 1963. It was attended by 1100 people representing, as Bloembergen pointed out, a growth rate in attendance at these conferences of 3dB per annum.
Non-T cell-mediated cytolysis of antibody-coated sheep red blood cells requires Mg++ but not Ca++: An argument against a conventional "stimulus-secretion" mechanism for cytolysis.

"Stimulus-secretion" processes, and notably those in which the stimulus is provided by the formation of an antigen-antibody complex at the cell surface, require the presence of external Ca++. To test the possiblity that effector cells, in non-T cell mediated cytolysis, might be triggered to release a cytolytic product by a similar mechanism, we investigated the requirements of this phenomenon for divalent cations. We found that Ca++ is not sufficient, not necessary, and not inhibitory, whereas Mg++ is necessary and sufficient. Other cations were tested, and we found that Mn++ behaved like Mg++. The Ca++ data suggest that no conventional "stimulus-secretion" process is operative in non-T cell mediated cytolysis of antibody-coated sheep red blood cells.
Self similarity and interval arithmetic based leakage optimization in RTL datapaths

Low leakage input vector determination in data path intensive circuits is often not feasible through exhaustive simulation. Hence, top down interval propagation technique for low leakage vector determination is proposed in this paper. This technique is a variation to the heuristic used in [1]. For each RTL module, several low leakage intervals are identified. As the module size increases, exhaustive simulation to find the low leakage vector is not feasible. Further, we need to search the entire input space uniformly to obtain as many low leakage intervals as possible. Based on empirical observations, we observed self similarity in the leakage distribution of adder/multiplier modules when input space is partitioned into smaller cells. This property enables uniform search of low leakage vectors in the entire input space. Also, time taken for characterization increases linearly with the module size. Hence, this technique is scalable to higher bit width modules with acceptable characterization time. We propose a self similarity based Monte Carlo simulation for optimum low leakage interval characterization of RTL modules. The interval propagation is then implemented with the low leakage intervals obtained in the characterization. This yields a reduced low leakage interval set at the primary inputs. The reduced set of intervals is further processed with simulated annealing to arrive at the best low leakage vector at the primary inputs. By applying this low leakage vector, the entire circuit is put in low leakage state. Experimental results for DSP filters simulated in 16nm technology demonstrated leakage savings of 93.6% with no area overhead.
Ultra wideband stacked rectangulardielectric resonator antenna.

This thesis is a presentation of a design and fabrication of ultra-wideband stacked rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (UWB-RDRA), where the effect of position perturbations on the bandwidth of an aperture coupled dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is studied. The proposed antenna takes advantage of two low-Q modes which have overlapping bandwidths so as to achieve an ultra-wideband operation. This can be achieved by using two combinations of stacked DRAs for the analysis: larger over smaller (LOS), and smaller over larger (SOL). Different position perturbations on the transmission line (TL), LOS, and SOL are applied to widen the matching bandwidth of the antenna. The performance of the proposed antenna is compared with the conventional antenna designed with no perturbations. The proposed antenna not only provides 5:1 ultra-wide matching bandwidth (from 2.7 GHz to 13.6 GHz), but also results in the highest gain of 9 dBi, which is 2 dBi more than the antenna designed with conventional method with no perturbation. The proposed antenna, therefore, consists of the dielectric constant of 6.15 and 9.8 that are stacked vertically in order to acquire a bandwidth that is more improved as compared to the conventional RDRA. A use of 50 Ω microstrip line is required in the proposed antenna to act as a feeding mechanism. The physical parameters of stacked RDRA are also optimized by extensive simulations using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software. The parameters of this antenna are 65x50x5 mm³ and its grounded substrate size is 108x90 mm². The prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results and simulated results show a good agreement. This prototype antenna is designed to cover the band from 2.7 GHz to 13.6 GHz. This proposed antenna is therefore suitable for wireless (Wi-MAX) and (WLAN) application bands.
Automatic adjustment of image processing pipeline

Mathematical processing of images in real-time vision systems can be conventionally divided into two stages: preprocessing (filtering, contrasting, protection from natural distortions, etc.) and final one (imposition, visualization, solution of the navigation task, etc.). Mentioned tasks can be solved by a lot of known and specially developed methods with various degrees of efficiency. The present paper suggests a mathematical criterion model and algorithm of automatic selection of the most effective method at each stage of the image processing pipeline in relation to the current situation at its input.
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanol extracts of stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis in wistar rats

This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the stem bark extract in albino rats. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity was done using fresh egg albumin induced rat paw edema with a plethysmometer, while the analgesic effect was determined using the analgesymeter mechanically induced pain. The methanolic extract of the stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis was evaluated at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg, and 400mg/kg through the oral route. Indomethacin (10mg/kg) was used as standard reference antiinflammatory and analgesic drug. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins and deoxysugars. The different doses of the extract significantly inhibited the egg albumin induced inflammation (P<0.05) in a non-dose dependent manner. The extract also significantly inhibited the pain (P<0.05) mechanically induced on the rat paw by the analgesymeter. The findings of this study showed that the plant possess significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
THE EFFECT OF GARLIC ( ALLIUM SATIVUM ) ON LIPID PROFILE IN RABBITS

This study was conducted to investigate the cholesterol-lowering property of garlic (Allium Sativum) in whole blood of egg yolk induced hypercholesterolemia in rabbits. Forty rabbits of both sexes of 13.1 ± 28.4 weeks of age with average body weights of 1251.9 ± 512.2g were used for the experiment. The animals were divided into eight groups comprising control and seven experimental groups with 5 rabbits per group. The animals were acclimatized with grower’s mash for one week after which the control group was fed with grower’s mash and the seven experimental groups were fed with grower’s mash supplemented with 10% egg yolk, 20% egg yolk, 2% garlic, 4% garlic, 10% egg yolk + 2% garlic, 20% egg yolk + 2% garlic, and 20% egg yolk + 4% garlic respectively for five weeks. Animals were phlebotomized through prominent ear veins and blood samples (2 ml) were collected from rabbits in each group before and after the treatment (diet administration) to assay for total International Scientific Journal Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences http://bioscience.scientific-journal.com
BER sensitivity of OFDM systems to carrier frequency offset and Wiener phase noise

In this contribution the transmission of M-PSK and M-QAM modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is considered. The degradation of the bit error rate (BER), caused by the presence of carrier frequency offset and carrier phase noise is analytically evaluated. It is shown that for a given BER degradation, the values of the frequency offset and the linewidth of the carrier generator that are allowed for OFDM are orders of magnitude smaller than for single carrier systems carrying the same bit rate. >
Object Identification in Binary Tomographic Images Using GPGPUs

The authors present a hybrid OpenCL CPU/GPU algorithm for identification of connected structures inside black and white 3D scientific data. This algorithm exploits parallelism both at CPU and GPGPU levels, but the work is predominantly done in GPUs. The underlying context of this work is the structural characterization of composite materials via tomography. The algorithm allows us to later infer location and morphology of objects inside composite materials. Moreover, execution times are very low thus allowing us to process large data sets, but within acceptable running times. Intermediate solutions are computed independently over a partition of the spatial domain, following the data parallelism paradigm, and then integrated both at GPU and CPU levels, using parallel multi-cores. The authors consistently explore parallelism both at the CPU level, by allowing the CPU stage to run in multiple concurrent threads, and at the GPU level with massive parallelism and concurrent data transfers and kernel executions.
On the computational power of PP and (+)P

Two complexity classes, PP and (+)P, are compared with PH (the polynomial-time hierarchy). The main results are as follows: (1) every set in PH is reducible in a certain sense to a set in PP, an (2) every set in PH is reducible to a set in (+)P under randomized polynomial-time reducibility with two-sided bounded error probability. It follows from these results that neither PP nor (+)P is a subset of or equivalent to PH unless PH collapses to a finite level. This is strong evidence that both classes are strictly harder than PH. <<ETX>>
Timed protocol verification for Estelle-specified protocols

This paper presents a new model, which is named Timed Communicating State Machine (TCSM), for specifying protocols that incorporate timed properties as part of their specifications. The TCSM model is similar to the Extended Communicating Finite State Machine (ECFSM) model. The major extension is providing an additional mechanism, i.e., a time interval attribute, for describing the timed properties. We also propose the corresponding formal TCSM-based timed verification scheme, i.e., a new timed global state reachability analysis. In the new timed global state reachability analysis, the exploration is decided by the predicate, the time relationships, and/or the input event. Using the TCSM model and the timed verification scheme, an Estelle-based Timed Protocol Verification System (ETPVS) has been developed on SUN SPARC workstations. In this way, timed protocols can be formally specified in Estelle and can also be verified using ETPVS.
M-Learning: Exploring Mobile Technologies for Secondary and Primary School Science Inquiry.

The use of mobile phones in classrooms for many schools remains a controversial issue. In our experience, it is still common that schools ban mobile phones from classrooms even where students may seek to use the phone for routine tasks such as the calculator functionality. In this paper, we argue that such blanket policies by school administrators are seriously problematic from an educational perspective, given the immense functionality of mobile technologies that has emerged over the past decade. Access to the educational power of these technologies is typically being denied to our students, by educators who may not fully appreciate the capabilities. This is problematic, not just for students, but also for educators who will eventually experience increasing pressure from technological change agents external to the education sector. This paper seeks to illustrate a case for positive technological change within school education by demonstrating the application of just one mobile device functionality in an inquiry context suitable for teaching school science across secondary and primary years.
3-Dimensional Structures to Enhance Cell Therapy and Engineer Contractile Tissue

Experimental studies in animals and recent human clinical trials have revealed the current limitations of cellular transplantation, which include poor cell survival, lack of cell engraftment, and poor differentiation. Evidence in animals suggests that use of a 3-dimensional scaffold may enhance cell therapy and engineer myocardial tissue by improving initial cell retention, survival, differentiation, and integration. Several scaffolds of synthetic or natural origin are under development. Until now, contractility has been demonstrated in vitro only in biological scaffolds prepared from decellularized organs or tissue, or in collagenic porous scaffold obtained by crosslinking collagen fibers. While contractility of a cellularized collagen construct is poor, it can be greatly enhanced by tumor basement membrane extract. Recent advances in biochemistry have shown improved cell-matrix interactions by coupling adhesion molecules to achieve an efficient and safe bioartificial myocardium with no tumoral component. Fixation of adhesion molecules may also be a way to enhance cell homing and/or differentiation to increase local angiogenesis. Whatever the clinically successful combination ultimately proves to be, it is likely that cell therapy will require providing a supportive biochemical, physical, and spatial environment that will allow the cells to optimally differentiate and integrate within the target myocardial tissue.
Efficacy of CW‐Doppler and Duplex System Examinations for the Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Disease

The efficacy of different ultrasound methods for the detection of extracranial arterial disease (E AD) was evaluated on the basis of the comparison with angiography. High‐resolution B‐scan imaging combined with a multigated pulsed Doppler flow pattern analysis (Duplex system) achieved the best results for the detection of morphological and hemodynamic changes of nonstenotic lesions and low grade stenosis. However, a technically unsatisfactory examination rate of 19%, the failure to differentiate between total and subtotal carotid occlusions, underestimation of significant stenosis and impracticable vertebral flow studies were disadvantages of the Duplex technique. CW‐Doppler examinations proved to be more precise and more reliable for the detection of significant stenosis and occlusions. Since vertebral blood flow studies were impractical with the Duplex system, CW‐Doppler provides more comprehensive information about the hemodynamics of cerebral blood supply.
A.2.5 GHz-spaced 1080-channel tandem multi/demultiplexer covering the. S-, C-, and L-bands using an arrayed-waveguide grating with Gaussian passbands as a primary filter

We describe a low-loss 25-GHz-spaced multi/demultiplexer with more than 1000 channels that covers the S-, C-, and L-bands of optical fiber amplifiers. It was achieved by cascading a 2.5-THz-spaced arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with Gaussian passbands as a primary filter and ten 25-GHz-spaced 1/spl times/200 AWGs as secondary filters in a tandem configuration.
Accuracy of a Novel System for Oxygen Delivery to Small Children

OBJECTIVE: Oxygen therapy for infants and small children in developing countries is often not available. Entrainment devices may provide an accurate and precise concentration of oxygen when used at the flow rates appropriate for infants and small children. METHODS: A continuously adjustable entrainment device was tested to determine the concentrations and flows of oxygen delivered by using low inlet flow rates suitable for therapy for infants and small children and 3 distinct oxygen delivery systems that varied in their resistive load. RESULTS: The use of long and large bore, low resistance tubing (similar to a mask) resulted in the delivery of oxygen concentrations that tracked closely (accurate and precise) to values indicated by the entrainment device. The directly connected system with lower resistance (similar to a hood) produced a similar profile of concentrations and flow rates to the large bore tubing but with even greater accuracy. The use of a long and narrow tubing with higher resistance (similar to a cannula) did not deliver accurate oxygen concentrations. In fact, this high-resistance system failed to work as intended, and instead of entraining air, a large proportion (sometimes >50%) of the oxygen delivered to the entrainment device was ejected through its vents. CONCLUSIONS: Entrainment devices can deliver accurate oxygen concentrations at low flow rates if used with low resistance delivery systems; however, entrainment devices are not suitable for use with high resistance delivery systems such as a standard nasal cannula.
Overproduction of Heterologous Mannitol 1-Phosphatase: a Key Factor for Engineering Mannitol Production by Lactococcus lactis

ABSTRACT To achieve high mannitol production by Lactococcus lactis, the mannitol 1-phosphatase gene of Eimeria tenella and the mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase gene mtlD of Lactobacillus plantarum were cloned in the nisin-dependent L. lactis NICE overexpression system. As predicted by a kinetic L. lactis glycolysis model, increase in mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase and mannitol 1-phosphatase activities resulted in increased mannitol production. Overexpression of both genes in growing cells resulted in glucose-mannitol conversions of 11, 21, and 27% by the L. lactis parental strain, a strain with reduced phosphofructokinase activity, and a lactate dehydrogenase-deficient strain, respectively. Improved induction conditions and increased substrate concentrations resulted in an even higher glucose-to-mannitol conversion of 50% by the lactate dehydrogenase-deficient L. lactis strain, close to the theoretical mannitol yield of 67%. Moreover, a clear correlation between mannitol 1-phosphatase activity and mannitol production was shown, demonstrating the usefulness of this metabolic engineering approach.