Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Software rejuvenation on a PKI

One of the major issues for PKI-based mechanisms is the validity of user's certificate. In order to examine whether a certificate is valid or not, the PKI Certificate Authority (CA) has to check the most recent Certificate Revocation List (CRL) that maintains. But the CRL is not always available when is needed. In such a case the problem to be solved is whether to proceed to a transaction or abandon it. One of the main reasons for CRL's unavailability is the CA's server unavailability. In this paper we innovatively propose to adopt software rejuvenation to reduce the probability that CA's cannot issue the CRL. Using a Markovbased model, an indicator is derived, concerning the cost of security incidents and abandoned transactions The aim of the present work consists firstly in defining a threshold under which a transaction can be accomplished even without checking the CRL and secondly in scheduling software rejuvenation on CA's server such that the total operational cost is minimized)
Multiscale measurements of residual stress in a low-alloy carbon steel weld clad with IN625 superalloy

Fatigue fracture is one of the major degradation mechanisms in the low-alloy 4330 carbon steel pumps that are utilized in the hydraulic fracturing process operating under cyclic loading conditions. A weld cladding technology has been developed to improve the ability of these components to resist fatigue crack initiation by cladding them with a secondary material. This process introduces a residual stress profile into the component that can be potentially detrimental for fatigue performance. The cladding technology under examination is a low-alloy 4330 carbon steel substrate weld that is clad with the nickel-chromium–based superalloy IN625 and is investigated herein using several experimental residual stress measurement techniques. Understanding the magnitude and distribution of residual stress in weld clad components is of the utmost importance to accurately assess the performance of the component in service. This study summarizes the results of residual stress measurements that were determined using X-ray diffraction, i.e., hole drilling based on electronic speckle pattern interferometry, deep-hole drilling, and the contour method, to obtain the residual stress distributions from the surface of the weld clad, through the clad layer, and into the substrate material. The results of deep-hole drilling and the contour method show large-scale tensile residual stress in the clad layer and compressive residual stress in the majority of the substrate. However, the X-ray diffraction and hole drilling methods indicate the presence of short-scale compressive residual stress on the surface and near the surface of the clad layer. It was shown that these measurement techniques are complementary in assessing the residual stress profile throughout the entire component.
Imaging of steep flanks by focal sources

One-way recursive wavefield extrapolation and migration has many advantages over other wavefield extrapolation methods. The method can handle complex models and is robust. However, the extrapolation of turning waves is one important omission of one-way wavefield extrapolation In this paper a new hybrid approach for the imaging of steep salt flanks is presented: CFP redatuming is used to redatum the data to a vertical array, and one-way wavefield extrapolation, using a rotated velocity field, is used to image the steep flank. A simple example is given for a synthetic data-set calculated for a model which includes a steep flank.
Structure and Mechanical Properties of the AlSi10Mg Alloy Samples Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting

The AlSi10Mg alloy samples with the size of 14×14×91mm were produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) method in different building direction. The structures and the properties at -70°C of the sample in different direction were investigated. The results show that the structure in different building direction shows different morphology. The fish scale structures distribute on the side along the building direction, and the oval structures distribute on the side vertical to the building direction. Some pores in with the maximum size of 100 μm exist of the structure. And there is no major influence for the build orientation on the tensile properties. The tensile strength and the elongation of the sample in the building direction are 340 Mpa and 11.2 % respectively. And the tensile strength and the elongation of the sample vertical to building direction are 350 Mpa and 13.4 % respectively
Replay Debugging of Complex Real-Time Systems: Experiences from Two Industrial Case Studies

Deterministic replay is a method for allowing complex multitasking real-time systems to be debugged using standard interactive debuggers. Even though several replay techniques have been proposed for parallel, multi-tasking and real-time systems, the solutions have so far lingered on a prototype academic level, with very little results to show from actual state-of-the-practice commercial applications. This paper describes a major deterministic replay debugging case study performed on a full-scale industrial robot control system, as well as a minor replay instrumentation case study performed on a military aircraft radar system. In this article, we will show that replay debugging is feasible in complex multi-million lines of code software projects running on top of off-the-shelf real-time operating systems. Furthermore, we will discuss how replay debugging can be introduced in existing systems without impracticable analysis efforts. In addition, we will present benchmarking results from both studies, indicating that the instrumentation overhead is acceptable and affordable.
Aeroacoustic Experiments in the Langley Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel

Abstract A phased microphone array was used in the Langley Low-TurbulencePressure Tunnel to obtain the radiated acoustic field from high-lift wingconfigurations that included a slat and a part-span flap. The dataincluded noise localization maps and acoustic spectra. 1. Introduction Airframe-generated noise is an important component of the total noise radiated from commercialaircraft, especially during the approach. Recent studies by Davy and Remy (ref. 1) on a scale model of anAirbus aircraft indicate that the high-lift devices and landing gear are the main sources of airframe noisewhen the aircraft is configured for approach. Earlier tests on a model of a McDonnell Douglas DC-10aircraft also identified the high-lift system as an important airframe noise source (ref. 2). Dobrzynski et al. (ref. 3) performed full-scale experimental studies in an open-jet wind tunnel on aportion of a wing equipped with a high-lift system. They found that both the leading-edge slat and theside edge of the trailing flap contributed significantly to airframe noise.An extensive experimental and computational effort to study the various mechanisms associated withairframe-generated noise continues at NASA Langley Research Center (ref. 4), including tests performedin the NASA Langley Quiet Flow Facility (QFF) (refs. 5-7). Many aspects of the work are describedelsewhere (refs.8-10); this report documents the experimental conditions and the salient results.Section 2 discusses the experimental facility, the model geometries, and the instrumentation used.Section 3 summarizes the results and important conclusions from the various tests.
Mobile Health Devices as Tools for Worldwide Cardiovascular Risk Reduction and Disease Management

We examined evidence on whether mobile health (mHealth) tools, including interactive voice response calls, short message service, or text messaging, and smartphones, can improve lifestyle behaviors and management related to cardiovascular diseases throughout the world. We conducted a state-of-the-art review and literature synthesis of peer-reviewed and gray literature published since 2004. The review prioritized randomized trials and studies focused on cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, but included other reports when they represented the best available evidence. The search emphasized reports on the potential benefits of mHealth interventions implemented in low- and middle-income countries. Interactive voice response and short message service interventions can improve cardiovascular preventive care in developed countries by addressing risk factors including weight, smoking, and physical activity. Interactive voice response and short message service–based interventions for cardiovascular disease management also have shown benefits with respect to hypertension management, hospital readmissions, and diabetic glycemic control. Multimodal interventions including Web-based communication with clinicians and mHealth-enabled clinical monitoring with feedback also have shown benefits. The evidence regarding the potential benefits of interventions using smartphones and social media is still developing. Studies of mHealth interventions have been conducted in >30 low- and middle-income countries, and evidence to date suggests that programs are feasible and may improve medication adherence and disease outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that mHealth interventions may improve cardiovascular-related lifestyle behaviors and disease management. Next-generation mHealth programs developed worldwide should be based on evidence-based behavioral theories and incorporate advances in artificial intelligence for adapting systems automatically to patients’ unique and changing needs.
MIAX: A System for Assessment of Macromolecular Interaction. 4) Interaction Site Inference by Molecular Hydrophobic and Electrostatic Analysis

Specific recognition of the interaction site in protein-protein interactions is the most relevant requirement to predict biochemical function of proteins. The role played by electrophysical complementarity as a determinant of protein-protein interaction is important. In the present study we have focused on the distribution of these forces on the protein surface. the distribution is evaluated by means of a self organizing map (SOM) [5] which renders a nonlinear projection of the high dimensional configuration of the electrophysical forces on the surface of the monomers into a lower dimensional map of neurons. In the analysis of these map, we undertake the problem of reduction of the huge configuration search space for the complex in order to improve processing times of the system for automatic assessment of macromolecular interaction system (MIAX) [2, 3]. We evaluate the algorithm predicting plausible interaction sites for several complexes whose coordinates are found in the PDB,and comparing them with inferred candidate interaction regions.
Targeting of Nphp3 to the primary cilia is controlled by an N‐terminal myristoylation site and coiled‐coil domains

Primary cilia are organelles that extend from the cell surface. More than 600 proteins have been identified in cilia, but ciliary targeting mechanisms are poorly understood. Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is an autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease with 11 responsible genes (NPHP1–11) thus far being identified. The mouse Nphp3 gene product is localized in the cilia and contains coiled‐coil (CC) domains and tetratricopeptide repeats, but the ciliary targeting sequences (CTSs) are unknown. In the present study, we generated a series of GFP‐tagged deletion constructs of Nphp3 and tried to find the CTSs of Nphp3. We found that the N‐terminal 201 amino acid fragment (Nphp3 [1–201]), which contains two CC domains, is necessary and sufficient for cilia localization. Further analysis revealed that an N‐terminal glycine (G2), which is a conserved myristoylation site among vertebrates, is also essential for trafficking of Nphp3 to the ciliary shaft. Interestingly, the N‐terminal fragments, Nphp3 (8–201), Nphp3 (52–201), and Nphp3 (96–201), that contain the CC domains, targeted the basal body, but could not enter into the ciliary shaft. Our results showed the importance of myristoylation in ciliary trafficking, and suggest that Nphp3 trafficking to the ciliary shaft occurs in a two‐step process. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic tracking of page miss ratio curve for memory management

Memory can be efficiently utilized if the dynamic memory demands of applications can be determined and analyzed at run-time. The page miss ratio curve(MRC), i.e. page miss rate vs. memory size curve, is a good performance-directed metric to serve this purpose. However, dynamically tracking MRC at run time is challenging in systems with virtual memory because not every memory reference passes through the operating system (OS). This paper proposes two methods to dynamically track MRC of applications at run time. The first method is using a hardware MRC monitor that can track MRC at fine time granularity. Our simulation results show that this monitor has negligible performance and energy overheads. The second method is an OS-only implementation that can track MRC at coarse time granularity. Our implementation results on Linux show that it adds only 7--10% overhead.We have also used the dynamic MRC to guide both memory allocation for multiprogramming systems and memory energy management. Our real system experiments on Linux with applications including Apache Web Server show that the MRC-directed memory allocation can speed up the applications' execution/response time by up to a factor of 5.86 and reduce the number of page faults by up to 63.1%. Our execution-driven simulation results with SPEC2000 benchmarks show that the MRC-directed memory energy management can improve the Energy * Delay metric by 27--58% over previously proposed static and dynamic schemes.
Efficient, DoS-resistant, secure key exchange for internet protocols

We describe JFK, a new key exchange protocol, primarily designed for use in the IP Security Architecture. It is simple, efficient, and secure; we sketch a proof of the latter property. JFK also has a number of novel engineering parameters that permit a variety of trade-offs, most notably the ability to balance the need for perfect forward secrecy against susceptibility to denial-of-service attacks.
Measurement and modelling of residual stress in wire-feed additively manufactured titanium

ABSTRACT Residual stresses were characterised in a wire-feed additively manufactured titanium alloy component. A numerical simulation based on the inherent strain method was used to model residual stresses arising from the manufacturing process. The contour method was used to experimentally determine the residual stress field. High tensile residual stresses were seen at and around the interface of the substrate and the deposited metal. Compressive residual stresses were present in the substrate and at the top of the deposit. The satisfactory correlation was achieved between the results from the numerical simulation and the contour method, except for the location of the root of the deposit. The effect of pre-heating the sample substrate on the residual stress distribution is also discussed.
RFlow+: An SDN-based WLAN monitoring and management framework

In this work, we propose an SDN-based WLAN monitoring and management framework called RFlow+ to address WiFi service dissatisfaction caused by the limited view (lack of scalability) of network traffic monitoring and absence of intelligent and timely network treatments. Existing solutions (e.g., OpenFlow and sFlow) have limited view, no generic flow description, and poor trade-off between measurement accuracy and network overhead depending on the selection of the sampling rate. To resolve these issues, we devise a two-level counting mechanism, namely a distributed local counter (on-site and real-time) and central collector (a summation of local counters). With this, we proposed a highly scalable monitoring and management framework to handle immediate actions based on short-term (e.g., 50 ms) monitoring and eventual actions based on long-term (e.g., 1 month) monitoring. The former uses the local view of each access point (AP), and the latter uses the global view of the collector. Experimental results verify that RFlow+ can achieve high accuracy (less than 5% standard error for short-term and less than 1% for long-term) and fast detection of flows of interest (within 23 ms) with manageable network overhead. We prove the practicality of RFlow+ by showing the effectiveness of a MAC flooding attacker quarantine in a real-world testbed.
On the Relationship between Newcomer Motivations and Contribution Barriers in Open Source Projects

There has been extensive research on the the factors that motivate software developers to contribute to an Open Source Software (OSS) project. Contribution barriers are the counter-side to motivations and prevent newcomers from joining the OSS project. This study searches for relations between motivations and contribution barriers with a web-based survey of 117 developers who had recently contributed their first patch to either Mozilla or GNOME. The results substantiate the hypothesis that newcomers' motivations mirror their mental models of the OSS project they are going to contribute to, and that the mental model determines the impact of contribution barriers. More generally, we propose a new model for the joining process to an OSS project that takes social properties, motivations, and contribution barriers into account.
Research directions in remote detection of covert tactical adversarial intent of individuals in asymmetric operations

This article designs a first-order road map for modeling research to bridge the scientific gap between observations from physical sensor networks at 3-50 m on the one hand and determination of covert tactical adversarial intent of individuals with deception and in extensive clutter on the other. To be successful, the research needs to integrate kinesiological, neurophysiological, psychological, and cognitive science, and sociocultural anthropology and information science components. Research and development (R&D) issues that need to be considered include metrics for cognitive phenomena and how well detection systems work, data sets, determining whether actors can provide sufficient verisimilitude to create data sets, and relevant sensing technologies and information fusion techniques. Successful procedures may need to include actively (but unobtrusively) perturbing the situation in which the sensing takes place in order to elicit specific responses. Comprehensive government R&D programs are required to promote rapid progress.
Zebrafish foxi one modulates cellular responses to Fgf signaling required for the integrity of ear and jaw patterning

We identified four insertional alleles of foxi one (foo), an embryonic lethal mutation in zebrafish that displays defects in both otic placode and the jaw. In foo/foo embryos the otic placode is split into two smaller placodes and mutant embryos show a dorsoventral (DV) cartilage defect manifested as a reduced hyomandibular and reduced third and fourth branchial arches. We identified foxi one (foo), the zebrafish ortholog of Foxi1 (FREAC6, FKHL10, HFH-3, Fkh10) and a member of the forkhead domain transcriptional regulator family, as the gene mutated in foo/foo embryos. foo is expressed in otic placode precursor cells, and foo/foo embryos lack placodal pax8 expression and have disorganized otic expression of pax2.1 and dlx3. Third stream neural crest cell migration, detected by dlx2 and krox20 expression, is aberrant in that it invades the otic placode territory. foo is expressed in pharyngeal pouch endoderm and is required for pouch expression of pax8 and proper patterning of other markers in the pouch such as nkx2.3. In foo/foo embryos, we observed a failure to maintain fgf3 expression in the pouches, followed by apoptosis of neural crest cells in adjacent arches. We conclude that foo expression is essential for pax8 expression probably downstream of Fgf signaling in a conserved pathway jointly required for integrity of patterning in the otic placode and pharyngeal pouches. We propose that correct placement of survival/proliferation cues is essential for shaping the pharyngeal cartilages and that evolutionary links between jaw and ear formation can be traced to Fgf-Foxi1-Pax8 pathways.
Molecular Pathways: Trafficking of Metabolic Resources in the Tumor Microenvironment

A model of tumor metabolism is proposed that describes how the complementary metabolic functions of the local stroma and the tumor cells contribute to cancer progression. Cancer cells alter the metabolism of cancer-associated fibroblasts to obtain lactate and amino acids, which are utilized for energy production, rapid growth, and resistance to chemotherapy drugs. Cancer cells use glutamine supplied by cancer-associated fibroblasts to replenish tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and as a nitrogen source for nucleotide synthesis. Moreover, adipocytes in the microenvironment attract cancer cells through the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and proteases. The cancer cells then induce metabolic changes in the adipocytes to acquire free fatty acids that are oxidized by cancer cells to generate energy for proliferation. Increasing knowledge about the metabolic symbiosis within the tumor has led to novel therapeutic strategies designed to restrict metabolic adaptation, including inhibiting lactate transporters and repurposing antidiabetic drugs (thiazolidinediones, metformin). Clin Cancer Res; 21(4); 680–6. ©2015 AACR.
Motion Imitation with a Handheld Camera

In this paper, we present a novel method to extract motion of a dynamic object from a video that is captured by a handheld camera, and apply it to a 3D character. Unlike the motion capture techniques, neither special sensors/trackers nor a controllable environment is required. Our system significantly automates motion imitation which is traditionally conducted by professional animators via manual keyframing. Given the input video sequence, we track the dynamic reference object to obtain trajectories of both 2D and 3D tracking points. With them as constraints, we then transfer the motion to the target 3D character by solving an optimization problem to maintain the motion gradients. We also provide a user-friendly editing environment for users to fine tune the motion details. As casual videos can be used, our system, therefore, greatly increases the supply source of motion data. Examples of imitating various types of animal motion are shown.
Synthesizing waves from animated height fields

Computer animated ocean waves for feature films are typically carefully choreographed to match the vision of the director and to support the telling of the story. The rough shape of these waves is established in the previsualization (previs) stage, where artists use a variety of modeling tools with fast feedback to obtain the desired look. This poses a challenge to the effects artists who must subsequently match the locked-down look of the previs waves with high-quality simulated or synthesized waves, adding the detail necessary for the final shot. We propose a set of automated techniques for synthesizing Fourier-based ocean waves that match a previs input, allowing artists to quickly enhance the input wave animation with additional higher-frequency detail that moves consistently with the coarse waves, tweak the wave shapes to flatten troughs and sharpen peaks if desired (as is characteristic of deep water waves), and compute a physically reasonable velocity field of the water analytically. These properties are demonstrated with several examples, including a previs scene from a visual effects production environment.