Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Available Transfer Capability Determination in the Restructured Electricity Market

Abstract Deregulation of the electricity industry throughout the world aims at creating a competitive market to trade electricity, which generates a host of new technical challenges to market participants and power system researchers. For transmission systems, it requires non-discriminatory open access to transmission resources. Therefore, for better transmission services support and full utilization of transmission assets, one of the major challenges is to accurately gauge the transfer capability remaining in the system for further transactions, which is termed the available transfer capability (ATC). It is crucial to develop an appropriate ATC determination methodology that enables one to evaluate the realistic transmission transfer capability by accounting for all related important requirements. This article describes the evaluation of single-area ATC using power transfer distribution factors in a combined economic emission dispatch environment. In addition, multi-area ATC is calculated with the inclusion of participation factors. Simultaneous bilateral and multilateral wheeling transactions have been carried out on IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems for the assessment of the ATC for both normal, line, and generator outage contingencies. The obtained ATC results are compared with the Power World Simulator to justify its accuracy. The solutions obtained are quite encouraging and useful in the present restructuring environment.
Transient and persistent experimental infection of nonhuman primates with Helicobacter pylori: implications for human disease

Helicobacter pylori can establish chronic infection in the human gastric mucosa, and it is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease and a principal risk factor for gastric cancer. This creates a need for H. pylori infection models that mimic the human condition. To test the suitability of rhesus monkeys as infection models, H. pylori-free animals were inoculated intragastrically with mixtures of H. pylori strains, bacteria recovered from colonized animals were typed by arbitrarily primed PCR, and host inflammatory and immunologic responses were monitored. Among five H. pylori-free animals inoculated with a mixture of two human strains plus one monkey strain, one became persistently infected and one became only transiently infected. The recovered bacteria matched the monkey input strain in DNA fingerprint. A subsequent trial using two new human isolates and three animals that had resisted colonization by the monkey strain resulted in persistent infection in one animal and transient infection in two others. Antral gastritis, anti-H. pylori serum immunoglobulin G, and atrophy all increased, but with patterns that differed among animals. We conclude that (i) rhesus monkeys can be infected experimentally with H. pylori, (ii) individuals differ in susceptibility to particular bacterial strains, (iii) infections may be transient, and (iv) the fitness of a particular strain for a given host helps determine the consequences of exposure to that strain.
Management of Revocable Resources

In microkernel based systems, applications use complex server hierarchies that implement modern operating system services. A server that consumes its own resources to provide its service breaches the isolation between its clients and is vulnerable to Denial-of-Service attacks. To avoid these problems, letting the clients provide the resources needed to satisfy their requests is a promising approach. In this diploma thesis, I consider the case of memory. I discuss conditions under which a server can provide a service using memory from its clients. I present two mechanisms that allow tasks to securely trade memory for a service. In the first one, clients directly donate resources to servers. Donation revocations trigger faults that are exported to the server application logic. The second approach requires a third entity to intermediate between the client and the server. This entity also can consolidate memory exchanges to allow trade with a sub-page granularity, which helps optimizing memory usage.
Modeling Consumer Adoption of the Internet as a Shopping Medium: An Integrated Perspective

To effectively market products online, it is necessary to understand consumers' shopping behavior and why they choose to shop through the Internet medium. Most of the current research on consumer Internet shopping behavior simply extends current theories of consumer behavior into this new consumption realm. Furthermore, not enough attention has been devoted specifically to the multi-dimensional and dynamic features of consumer online shopping behavior. This research fills these gaps by focusing on online shopping behavior through an integrated innovation adoption and consumer decision-making perspective. The purpose of this research is to better understand and predict consumers' adoption of the Internet as a shopping medium. Building on innovation adoption theory and consumer decision making frameworks, this research proposed a conceptual framework of consumers' adoption of the Internet as a shopping medium. Under the proposed framework, this research examined consumers' adoption of the Internet as a shopping medium with respect to the steps of decision-making completed online and intention to continue shopping online. Four categories of Internet shoppers based on current and intended online shopping behaviors were identified as regular visitors, latent punchers, dropout purchasers and steadfast purchasers. Factors influencing consumer adoption of the Internet as a shopping medium were identified from the literature of both innovation adoption and consumer decision-making as perceived innovation characteristics, perceived characteristics of Internet retailer, and consumer Internet self-efficacy. To empirically test the proposed online shopping framework, a national online survey was conducted. A sample of 598 Internet shoppers through a random stratified sampling process was derived to perform empirical study. Exploratory quantitative analysis identified three dimensions of perceived innovation characteristics (relative advantage, enjoyment, and risk), three dimensions of perceived Internet retailers' characteristics (product and selection, customer service, and shopping incentives). Structure Equation Modeling was used to examine the fit of model. Both models of current online shopping behavior and future online shopping intention provided the best fit. Relative advantages and perceived product risk were found to be important predictors of consumers choosing the Internet to purchase product. Perceived characteristics of Internet retailers and consumer Internet self-efficacy were found to have indirect effect on consumers' adoption of the Internet as a shopping medium. Insights are offered for increasing online sales. The findings suggested that the proposed method to categorize Internet shoppers was effective. The proposal model is robust in explaining current adoption behaviors and in predicting future/continued adoption. Insights are offered for increasing online sales.
Survey of DHT Evaluation Methods

In this paper, we present an overview of factors affecting the performance of the DHT-algorithms and give examples of how these factors have been measured from the DHT algorithms. We analyse the strengths and weaknesses of evaluation methods that are based on simulation, and make observations on the growing importance of globally distributed testbeds such as PlanetLab. We conclude that the best evaluation method of DHT is depends on the intended application for the DHT.
The Implementation of e-procurement System in Health Sector in Greece: Attitudes of Potential Users and Implications for Hospital Management

Information technology has already penetrated to the health care organizations, promoting their efficiency and effectiveness. Electronic procurement, as an application of information technology, abolishes the traditional procurement procedures introducing information systems and the use of computer. End-users perception of usefulness and ease of use of the information system is a crucial variable for a successful implementation of electronic procurement. Aim of the study was to assess end-users attitude towards the
Randomised trials for the Fitbit generation

Data from activity trackers and mobile phones can be used to craft personalised health interventions. But measuring the efficacy of these “treatments” requires a rethink of the traditional randomised trial. By Walter Dempsey, Peng Liao, Pedja Klasnja, Inbal Nahum‐Shani and Susan A. Murphy
Use of solar energy for green building & reduction in the electricity bill of residential consumer

This paper presents a case study of residential consumer from the urban area and suggests methods to make anenergy self-reliant house for the reduction in electricity bill. Unlike developed countries, India has to explore the use of renewable sources and other means to reduce the energy cost due to non-availability of real time pricing for LT consumers. Depending on the tariff offered by different utilities and the degree of necessity of various household appliances, a comparative study of energy cost is carried out. For the same sample residential flat, a solar PV plant is proposed and saving in energy cost with solar aid is discussed. Finally, a cost objective function is formulated and optimized using linear programming to justify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Multi-stage Mass Spectrometry up to MS4 on a QTof System

K E Y W O R D S T-WaveTM ion mobility, IMS, MS, MS, structure elucidation A P P L I C AT IO N B E N E F I T S This application note illustrates how multi-stage mass spectra up to MS can be generated on a SYNAPT G2 HDMS System in a single experiment. This experiment avoids the need to trigger on, isolate, and fragment specific ions, as is done in directed MS methods. Moreover, the duty cycle remains constant, differing from the performance of ion-trap instruments, where the duty cycle for each transition decreases as the number of monitored ions/ transitions increases. IN T RO DU C T IO N The integration of ion mobility separations (IMS) with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry offers multiple and distinct capabilities and advantages. First, as an orthogonal dimension of separation, IMS can enhance selectivity in MS and MS data sets. Second, IMS can serve as a powerful tool for structure elucidation, as indicated by its ability to characterize positional isomers of metabolites from generated collision cross-section measurements. Finally, when combined with tandem-MS, IMS enables multi-stage mass analysis.
UT INSPECTION PRACTICE FOR ANCHOR BOLTS

Ultrasonic testing method is presented that can detect the sheared embedded steel anchor bolts. Results are compared to the conventional method of inspecting the embedded anchor bolts. The ultrasonic testing technique detects the embedded broken anchor bolts without the need to chip the concrete foundation. The transducer of the UT device sends waves that can travel through the cross section to the end of the embedded steel anchor bolts, and return along the same path, revealing the actual length of the anchor bolts. This new UT technique has an impact on reducing the time of the inspection, saving on annual costs, makes the job more efficient and safer, and maintains the durability of aging structures. The most significant findings are related to the inspection cost and time saving. The advantage of inspecting the embedded steel anchor bolts with ultrasonic testing is in the avoidance of the chipping the concrete foundation, and providing the required results almost instantly, with significant cost-savings.
A Double-Blind Comparison of Dothiepin and Amitriptyline in Patients with Primary Affective Disorder: Serum Levels and Clinical Response

Summary In a double-blind parallel group study, thirty-two patients suffering from a primary affective disorder received either dothiepin or amitriptyline. Serum concentrations of total dothiepin plus northiaden or amitriptyline and nortriptyline were estimated. A similar therapeutic response was seen with both drugs but there was no correlation with serum concentrations of amitriptyline or nortriptyline, whereas serum dothiepin correlated positively with clinical response.
Control of AC-capacitor clamped three & five level matrix converter using voltage & current modulation

The matrix converter (MC) is direct AC-AC power converter without an intermediate DC link which can offer a number of advantages, including unity input power factor, bidirectional power flow, an improved input current harmonic issue, capable of compact design and high power density without energy storage elements. Above advantages make the matrix converter suitable for aircraft, AC power supply unit and compact motor drives applications. When topology extending to multi-level, the number of redundant switching status and the complexity of switching selection increase greatly. In this paper, a switching calculation & selection methods of multilevel technologies (mainly 5-level) on MC is firstly presented, which can be a theoretical basis to enhance the application of MC family, this paper concentrates on using simulation software to filtrate and classify switching status and developing the concepts of space vector modulation division based on 3-level & 5-level matrix converter. Simulation using Matlab/Simulink is given to demonstrate the theoretical works and the experimental results from a small scale 3-level experimental prototype are presented to validate the theoretical findings.
Do Multiple Credit Ratings Signal Complexity? Evidence from the European Triple-A Structured Finance Securities

In much of the current research on market practices with respect to the use of credit ratings, the rating shopping hypothesis and the information production hypothesis feature prominently. Both of these hypotheses predict an inverse relationship between the number of ratings and a security’s funding cost; that is, more ratings will reduce funding costs and, conversely, fewer ratings will increase funding costs. Our study finds precisely the opposite to have been the case for the mainstay of the structured finance securities market in Europe prior to 2007, namely the triple-A tranches of European residential mortgage-backed securities. Our findings suggest that structured finance markets may behave differently than what would be predicted by two hypotheses traditionally used to explain the number of ratings and funding costs: the rating shopping and information production hypotheses. Obtaining multiple credit ratings may be a signal for complexity, for which investors demand a risk premium.
The measurement of term importance in automatic indexing

The frequency characteristics of terms in the documents of a collection have been used as indicators of term importance for content analysis and indexing purposes. In particular, very rare or very frequent terms are normally believed to be less effective than medium‐frequency terms. Recently automatic indexing theories have been devised that use not only the term frequency characteristics but also the relevance properties of the terms. The major term‐weighting theories are first briefly reviewed. The term precision and term utility weights that are based on the occurrence characteristics of the terms in the relevant, as opposed to the nonrelevant, documents of a collection are then introduced. Methods are suggested for estimating the relevance properties of the terms based on their overall occurrence characteristics in the collection. Finally, experimental evaluation results are shown comparing the weighting systems using the term relevance properties with the more conventional frequency‐based methodologies.
User Requirement Elicitation for U-City Residential Environment : Concentrated on Smart Home Service

초 록고령자, 장애인의 삶의 질을 유지시키기 위한 방법 중 하나로 주목받고 있는 미래의 주거 형태인 스마트 홈은 인간 생활 전반을 지원하기 위한 다양한 기능적 공간이 융합된 곳으로서, 삶의 질에 크게 영향을 끼칠 잠재력을 가진 공간이다. 따라서 삶의 공간에서 만족도를 높이기 위해 사용자의 실제 니즈를 반영하는 것이 매우 중요하며, 스마트 홈 내의 사용자 가치에 대한 연구는 활발히 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 광범위한 스마트 홈 서비스를 명확히 분류하고 서비스 특성에 따라 요구되는 사용자 가치를 제시한 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 스마트 홈 서비스를 사용자 관점에서 분류하고, 서비스의 특성에 따라 요구되는 사용자 가치를 규명하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 문헌 연구를 통하여 사용자 중심적 관점에서 스마트 홈을 정의하고 이를 토대로 스마트 홈의 기능 및 서비스 분류 체계를 수립하였다. 또한 스마트 홈 서비스의 기술, 서비스 영역에서의 사용자 요구가치를 도출하고, 앞서 수립된 서비스 분류 체계와의 연관관계를 도출하였다. 본 연구를 통해 추후 스마트 홈 서비스 개발에 있어서 사용자에 대한 더 깊은 이해가 가능하도록 도울 수 있다는 의의가 있다. ABSTRACTThe concept of Smart home is receiving a huge attention as a future living environment because of its advantages for elderly and disabled to maintain their quality of life. Smart home is a place equipped with integration of technology and services and closely intertwined with occupant’s lifestyle. Therefore it is critical to consider the user’s actual needs for ensuring satisfaction. However despite growing researches on user values for smart home, there have been few studies clearly categorizing smart home service and stating user values depending on characteristics of service. Thus, the aim of this research is to classify smart home services on user’s perspective, and reveal user values for each smart home services. Through the in-depth literature review, we elicited technology-related user values and service-related user values, and state classification for smart home service. Also the relationship between user values and each smart home services were revealed. The results of this research should help to reflect user’s actual needs for designing smart home services.
Barriers to the adoption of really‐new products and the role of surrogate buyers

This paper examines adoption of really‐new products (RNPs) from a consumer perspective. The unique characteristics of RNPs which differentiate them from other innovative products are examined in relation to the role which these characteristics play in creating barriers to adoption of RNPs. These characteristics in turn affect different stages of the adoption process. Surrogate buyers, acting as agents used by adopters to provide guidance, direction, and/or advice related to marketplace activities, can significantly impact consumer adoption and commercial success of RNPs by minimizing or overcoming barriers related to the stages of the adoption process and characteristics of RNPs.
Comparison of Integrin αvβ3 Expression and Glucose Metabolism in Primary and Metastatic Lesions in Cancer Patients: A PET Study Using 18F-Galacto-RGD and 18F-FDG

The expression of αvβ3 and glucose metabolism are upregulated in many malignant lesions, and both are known to correlate with an aggressive phenotype. We evaluated whether assessment of αvβ3 expression and of glucose metabolism with PET using 18F-galacto-RGD and 18F-FDG provides complementary information in cancer patients. Methods: Eighteen patients with primary or metastatic cancer (non–small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], n = 10; renal cell carcinoma, n = 2; rectal cancer, n = 2; others, n = 4) were examined with PET using 18F-galacto-RGD and 18F-FDG. Standardized uptake values (SUVs) were derived by volume-of-interest analysis. 18F-Galacto-RGD and 18F-FDG PET results were compared using linear regression analysis for all lesions (n = 59; NSCLC, n = 39) and for primaries (n = 14) and metastases to bone (n = 11), liver (n = 10), and other organs (n = 24) separately. Results: The sensitivity of 18F-galacto-RGD PET compared with clinical staging was 76%. SUVs for 18F-FDG ranged from 1.3 to 23.2 (mean ± SD, 7.6 ± 4.9) and were significantly higher than SUVs for 18F-galacto-RGD (range, 0.3–6.8; mean ± SD, 2.7 ± 1.5; P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the SUVs for 18F-FDG and 18F-galacto-RGD for all lesions (r = 0.157; P = 0.235) or for primaries, osseous or soft-tissue metastases separately (P > 0.05). For the subgroup of lesions in NSCLC, there was a weak correlation between 18F-FDG and 18F-galacto-RGD uptake (r = 0.353; P = 0.028). Conclusion: Tracer uptake of 18F-galacto-RGD and 18F-FDG does not correlate closely in malignant lesions. Whereas 18F-FDG PET is more sensitive for tumor staging, 18F-galacto-RGD PET warrants further evaluation for planning and response evaluation of targeted molecular therapies with antiangiogenic or αvβ3-targeted drugs.
Marginalized Predictive Likelihood Comparisons: with Applications to DSGE, DSGE-VAR, and VAR Models

This paper shows how to compute the h-step-ahead predictive likelihood for any subset of the observed variables in parametric discrete time series models estimated with Bayesian methods. The subset of variables may vary across forecast horizons and the problem thereby covers marginal and joint predictive likelihoods for a fixed subset as special cases. The predictive likelihood is of particular interest when ranking models in forecast comparison exercises, where the models can have different dimensions for the observables and share a common subset, but has broader applications since the predictive likelihood is a natural model selection device under a Bayesian approach. The basic idea is to utilize well-known techniques for handling missing data when computing the likelihood function, such as a missing observations consistent Kalman filter for linear Gaussian models, but it also extends to nonlinear, nonnormal state-space models. The predictive likelihood can thereafter be calculated via Monte Carlo integration using draws from the posterior distribution. As an empirical illustration, we use euro area data and compare the forecasting performance of the New Area-Wide Model, a smallopen-economy DSGE model, to DSGE-VARs, and to reduced-form linear Gaussian models.
Institutional Investors,Information Disclosure Quality and Corporate Performance

From the perspective of informations disclosure,this paper investigates whether information disclosure quality affects the stock holding behavior and governance effects of institutional investors in Chinese listed companies. The research finds that the information disclosure quality of listed companies is important to institutional investors' stock holding decision: the ownership of institutional investors is significantly higher in good information disclosure companies than that in poor information disclosure companies,and with the information disclosure quality improving,the ownership of institutional investors increases; the governance role of institutional investors is also different due to the information disclosure quality,with the improvement of information disclosure quality,institutional investors will increasingly enhance the corporate performance,but the governance role of institutional investors is restricted in such companies which the information disclosure quality is rather poor. In other words,the governance role of institutional investors is subject to corporate information environment,improving the quality of corporate information disclosure has an important theoretical and practical implication in promoting institutional investors to play a monitoring role.