Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Compressed Sensing Method for Moving-Target Imaging by Exploiting the Geometry Information of the Defocused Results

Compressed sensing (CS) has been increasingly used in the synthetic aperture radar ground moving-target indication system, particularly for imaging the moving targets, which satisfy the sparse precondition of the CS method. However, efficient moving-target imaging is a key challenge for current CS methods, since the redundant basis brings heavy computation load. In this letter, by exploiting the geometry information of the defocused results, we present an efficient fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) to estimate the Doppler rate and image the moving targets by only two times FRFT rather than time-consuming searching operation. Then, the concept is extended into an efficient CS (ECS) imaging method by two bases consisting of two discrete FRFT matrices rather than the redundant basis. Simulations and real-data process are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ECS method. The proposed ECS method can achieve accurate parameter estimation and imaging performance with low computational complexity.
Interpretive Filters: Social Cognition and the Impact of Turning Points in Negotiation

A number of studies have shown that certain events that occur during a negotiation can alter its course. Referred to as turning points, these events are precipitated by actions taken either outside or inside the talks, having consequences for outcomes. This article reports the results of two experiments designed to examine the impacts of both types of precipitating actions. Focusing on external actions, the first experiment showed that crises - as opposed to breakthroughs - produced more agreements in the context of positive social climates (high trust, low power). Fewer agreements were achieved in negative social climates (low trust, high power). Focusing on internal actions, the second experiment showed that more cooperative precipitants (factors inducing change) were identified in positive social climates. Outcomes were also influenced by the climate: Positive climates - high trust, cooperate orientations - resulted in more agreements. In both experiments, the social climate mediated the effects of precipitating factors on negotiation outcomes. Perceptions of trust and power filter the way negotiators interpret actions that occur outside or are taken inside a negotiation, leading to agreements or impasses.
Co-managed research: non-Indigenous thoughts on an Indigenous toponymy project in northern British Columbia

This paper reflects on the methodological challenges of co-managed research as experienced from a non-Indigenous perspective. In 2003, Tl'azt'en Nation and the authors initiated a toponymy study that involved finding a curricular use for Dakelh place names. In this article, we chronicle our experiences with negotiating and managing this study with Tl'azt'en Nation. Some events are specific to the topic; others are characteristic of co-managed research in general. We offer insights into what it means as non-Indigenous researchers to enter discursive territory that is charged with emotion and cultural sensitivity, and also explore the often contentious issues that can arise in Indigenous research, particularly oral history, ethnohistorical interpretation, and cultural representation. The paper concludes by discussing the opportunities and challenges of co-managed research.
Sparse Bayesian Perspective for Radar Coincidence Imaging With Array Position Error

Radar coincidence imaging (RCI) has shown significant potentials in high-resolution staring imaging without the requirement of target relative motion. To reconstruct the target image, sparsity-driven methods are commonly applied to RCI, while the prior knowledge of imaging model requires to be known accurately. However, inaccuracies in model generally exist, which may defocus the reconstructed image. In this paper, we focus on sparsity-driven RCI with array position error (APE) and propose two sparse auto-calibration imaging algorithms in sparse Bayesian learning framework, i.e., sparse auto-calibration imaging via equivalent phase compensation (SACI-EPC) and sparse auto-calibration imaging via APE compensation (SACI-APEC), respectively. SACI-EPC treats the APE-induced model error as equivalent phase error, and SACI-APEC approximates the imaging model using Taylor expansion. Then Gaussian–Gamma–Gamma sparse prior is assigned to the target, and the model error is determined as part of the imaging process. The two algorithms work by iterating through steps of target reconstruction and model error estimation and compensation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can calibrate the model error and obtain a well-focused target image with high reconstruction accuracy.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics Gpu Accelerated Dynamic Functional Connectivity Analysis for Functional Mri Data

Keywords: GPU computing CUDA OpenMP Dynamic functional connectivity Functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI a b s t r a c t Recent advances in multi-core processors and graphics card based computational technologies have paved the way for an improved and dynamic utilization of parallel computing techniques. Numerous applications have been implemented for the acceleration of computationally-intensive problems in various computational science fields including bioinformatics, in which big data problems are prevalent. In neuroimaging, dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis is a computationally demanding method used to investigate dynamic functional interactions among different brain regions or networks identified with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. In this study, we implemented and analyzed a parallel DFC algorithm based on thread-based and block-based approaches. The thread-based approach was designed to parallelize DFC computations and was implemented in both Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP) and Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming platforms. Another approach developed in this study to better utilize CUDA architecture is the block-based approach, where paral-lelization involves smaller parts of fMRI time-courses obtained by sliding-windows. Experimental results showed that the proposed parallel design solutions enabled by the GPUs significantly reduce the computation time for DFC analysis. Multicore implementation using OpenMP on 8-core processor provides up to 7.7× speed-up. GPU implementation using CUDA yielded substantial accelerations ranging from 18.5× to 157× speed-up once thread-based and block-based approaches were combined in the analysis. Proposed parallel programming solutions showed that multi-core processor and CUDA-supported GPU implementations accelerated the DFC analyses significantly. Developed algorithms make the DFC analyses more practical for multi-subject studies with more dynamic analyses.
Classical Invariants and 2-descent on Elliptic Curves

The classical theory of invariants of binary quartics is applied to the problem of determining the group of rational points of an elliptic curve defined over a field K by 2-descent. The results lead to some simplifications to the method first presented in Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer (1963), and can be applied to give a more efficient algorithm for determining Mordell? Weil groups over Q, as well as being more readily extended to other number fields. In this paper we mainly restrict ourselves to general theory, valid over arbitrary fields of characteristic neither 2 nor 3.
The Acute Affective Response of Type A Behaviour Pattern Individuals to Competitive and Noncompetitive Exercise

L'exercice a des effets prononces benefiques sur l'humeur; cependant, pour les individus ayant un comportement de type A les effets positifs de l'exercice sur l'humeur peuvent ne pas etre uniformes compte tenu de leur tendance a percevoir les situations d'exercice comme etant une competition. Cette etude a examine si la competition (et l'effort qui s'ensuit) influence la reaction affective des individus ayant un comportement de type A lorsqu'ils font de l'exercice. Les resultats indiquent que les individus ayant un comportement de type A qui font de l'exercice dans une condition competitive ont une reaction affective moins favorable que ceux dans une condition non competitive. Les effets sont les plus apparents pour l'affect general, la depression et la colere et moins notables pour l'anxiete chronique. Il y a une tendance pour les individus ayant un comportement de type A dans la condition non competitive a manifester des benefices affectifs tandis que l'affect de ceux dans la condition competitive ont tendance a ne pas etre influences par l'exercice.
Data Dissemination with Geometric Structure

Our geometry-independent bulk data dissemination protocol, Deluge, has been found to suffer from slower propagation in the central areas of a wireless sensor network due to hidden-terminal collisions caused by increasing neighborhood size, and consequent effects on timing and sender suppression. Using simulation, we investigate whether modifications to the Deluge algorithm that use explicit geometric information to manage the propagation pattern can lessen contention and reduce total time to completion. We find that the extra complexity of sharply-defined geometric patterns outweighs the marginal and network-dependent benefits that can be gained from their use, but that a simpler class of techniques based on reducing the set of possible senders according to link quality can improve dissemination performance.
PRES: probabilistic replay with execution sketching on multiprocessors

Bug reproduction is critically important for diagnosing a production-run failure. Unfortunately, reproducing a concurrency bug on multi-processors (e.g., multi-core) is challenging. Previous techniques either incur large overhead or require new non-trivial hardware extensions. This paper proposes a novel technique called PRES (probabilistic replay via execution sketching) to help reproduce concurrency bugs on multi-processors. It relaxes the past (perhaps idealistic) objective of "reproducing the bug on the first replay attempt" to significantly lower production-run recording overhead. This is achieved by (1) recording only partial execution information (referred to as "sketches") during the production run, and (2) relying on an intelligent replayer during diagnosis time (when performance is less critical) to systematically explore the unrecorded non-deterministic space and reproduce the bug. With only partial information, our replayer may require more than one coordinated replay run to reproduce a bug. However, after a bug is reproduced once, PRES can reproduce it every time. We implemented PRES along with five different execution sketching mechanisms. We evaluated them with 11 representative applications, including 4 servers, 3 desktop/client applications, and 4 scientific/graphics applications, with 13 real-world concurrency bugs of different types, including atomicity violations, order violations and deadlocks. PRES (with synchronization or system call sketching) significantly lowered the production-run recording overhead of previous approaches (by up to 4416 times), while still reproducing most tested bugs in fewer than 10 replay attempts. Moreover, PRES scaled well with the number of processors; PRES's feedback generation from unsuccessful replays is critical in bug reproduction.
Protecting Data against Early Disk Failures

Disk drives are known to fail at a higher rate during their first year of operation than during the remaining years of their useful lifetime. We propose to use the free space that normally exists on new disks to minimize the risk of data loss during that first year. Our technique applies to disk arrays that mirror their data on two disks. Whenever a disk fails, the array will reorganize itself by storing a new copy of the disk that failed on one or more disks that have free space. This will protect the data against any single disk failure until the failed disk gets replaced and the system reverts to its original state. A Markov analysis of the behavior of a small system consisting of two pairs of mirrored disks indicates that our technique can reduce the probability of a data loss during the first year of operation of the system by at least 75 percent provided the disks have 34 percent of spare space.
Shifted IDR Representations for Low Delay Live DASH Streaming Using HEVC Tiles

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) has gained a lot of popularity in the last years and has become a widespread solution for media delivery. It is mainly used for VoD services but has being also standardized and can be used for live scenarios. Although there has been a lot of work on low delay DASH services, it is still very challenging to cope with network variations. In fact, low delay configurations prevent DASH users from having a large media buffer to cope with network variations and they can easily lead to deadline misses, which results in a service of low Quality of Experience (QoE). In this paper we propose a solution based on HEVC Tiles and an advanced DASH adaptation algorithm that improves drastically the performance by heavily reducing the deadline misses.
Astaxanthin intake attenuates muscle atrophy caused by immobilization in rats

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment and has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of oxidative damage. We tested the hypothesis that astaxanthin intake would attenuate immobilization‐induced muscle atrophy in rats. Male Wistar rats (14‐week old) were fed for 24 days with either astaxanthin or placebo diet. After 14 days of each experimental diet intake, the hindlimb muscles of one leg were immobilized in plantar flexion position using a plaster cast. Following 10 days of immobilization, both the atrophic and the contralateral plantaris muscles were removed and analyzed to determine the level of muscle atrophy along with measurement of the protein levels of CuZn‐superoxide dismutase (CuZn‐SOD) and selected proteases. Compared with placebo diet animals, the degree of muscle atrophy in response to immobilization was significantly reduced in astaxanthin diet animals. Further, astaxanthin supplementation significantly prevented the immobilization‐induced increase in the expression of CuZn‐SOD, cathepsin L, calpain, and ubiquitin in the atrophied muscle. These results support the postulate that dietary astaxanthin intake attenuates the rate of disuse muscle atrophy by inhibiting oxidative stress and proteolysis via three major proteolytic pathways.
Design study of a short-range airborne UAV radar for human monitoring

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have many attributes making them advantageous in many surveillance applications, especially the control of borders against illegal trafficking. UAVs are less expensive than conventional aircraft, possess greater maneuverability, and are remotely-operated by its pilot/or autopilot. An important task in border control, however, is to be able to detect and monitor the activities of any people in the region. In particular, discrimination between friendly and non-cooperative targets is of high importance. Over recent years, micro-Doppler analysis has come to the forefront of research as a means to identify not just human targets, but recognize activities as well, using ground-based radar. This work studies the top-level design and tradeoffs involved in the development of a short-range UAV for human monitoring, such as power and weight requirements, frequency and type of radar and signal processing algorithms. As a case study, the performance attainable of a lightweight radar similar to IMSAR's NanoSAR-C with the TAN100 UAV for a human monitoring mission is analyzed.
Refactoring Using Event-based Profiling

Refactoring is a disciplined process of restructuring software code in order to improve it, e.g., to make it more reusable, reliable and maintainable. The source of information that guides the refactoring process may be the software’s user profiles. An increasingly important class of software is event-based software. Event-based software take an event as an input, change their state, and perhaps output an event. They provide new opportunities for refactoring. For example, reorganizing the objects related to an event and restructuring the event handlers based on the behavior of the software. These opportunities require that we collect user profiles at the level of events rather than the code and model the software in such a way that allows refactoring of event handlers. We present new techniques to collect eventlevel profiles and organize event handlers. We describe our techniques on one class of event-based software – Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). We demonstrate the practicality and usefulness of our techniques on a large software system.
Autonomous navigation for urban service mobile robots

We present to the robotic community a fully autonomous navigation solution for mobile robots operating in urban pedestrian areas. We introduce our robots and the experimental zone, overview the architecture of the navigation framework, and present the results after 3.5km of autonomous navigation. We expose the main lessons learnt by the scientific team and identify the issues to improve future works.
Building social media theory from case studies: A new frontier for IS research

This paper concentrates on a major concern in the IS field – theory building – and couples it with a major development in our field, social media-related environments, to consider how we might build theory, using digital texts, within the case study methodology. The growing popularity and constant innovations of social media platforms and applications have transformed ways of interacting, working, creating value and innovating. There is a need -to theorize these new environments, and the intriguing social and technical dynamics they make possible. We elaborate upon how building theory from case studies should be adapted to the opportunities and challenges of social media environments. We delve into key challenges of the research process: case study design, data analysis, and engaging in multi methods. Doing so, we identify some key considerations that can help IS researchers navigate the still new and not yet fully understood characteristics of these environments for theory building purposes.
Effects of Metabolic Blockade on Intracellular Calcium Concentration in Isolated Ferret Ventricular Muscle

Tension and intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]1) were measured in isolated ferret papillary muscles. When both anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation were prevented (metabolic blockade), there was a rapid decline of both developed tension and systolic [Ca2+]1 signals. Subsequently, resting tension increased, and after a further delay, resting [Ca2+]1 also rose. When oxidative metabolism was restarted after a period of metabolic blockade that was sufficient to elevate both resting tension and [Ca2+]1, a variable recovery of mechanical function occurred. In preparations that showed recovery, resting tension declined toward control level, and there was considerable recovery of developed tension. [Ca2+]l initially fell, but it then rose to a level similar to that at the end of the preceding period of metabolic blockade and exhibited large variations in amplitude with frequency components in the range 0.2-1 Hz. This elevated [Ca2+]1 gradually declined. Arrhythmias were often present during this recovery period and appeared to be triggered by the spontaneous increases in [Ca2+]1. In preparations that failed to recover, resting tension remained elevated or increased, and developed tension showed little recovery. Such preparations showed larger rises in [Ca2+]1 both during and after metabolic blockade, and [Ca2+]1 continued to rise when oxidative metabolism was restarted. In experiments in which Na-Ca exchange was inhibited (by replacement of sodium by lithium or by the application of nickel), the rise of [Ca2+]1 when oxidative metabolism was restarted was reduced, but recovery of mechanical function was improved. The correlation between elevated [Ca2+]1 on reactivation of oxidative metabolism and failure of recovery of mechanical function suggests that elevated [Ca2+]1 has a direct role in preventing the recovery of mechanical function.
Retraction: effects of exercise program on physical fitness, depression, and self-efficacy of low-income elderly women in South Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of exercise programs on physical fitness, depression, and self-efficacy in low-income elderly women (age 75). Design and Sample: A pretest-posttest experimental research design with a control group was used. The sample consisted of 26 women in the exercise group and 22 women in the wait-list control group in Seoul, Korea. Measures: The measures of physical fitness included body mass index, cardiopulmonary endurance (blood pressure and heart rate), muscle strength (hand grip strength), flexibility (degree of bending of the upper body), and balance (duration of time for which the subject could stand on one foot). Depression and self-efficacy were measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and a modified form of Lee’s scale, respectively. All measures were obtained twice: at baseline and at the completion of the exercise program. Intervention: The exercise program consisted of 4 weeks of education along with 8 weeks of physical exercise. Results: After the intervention, significant improvements were found in depression, self-efficacy, and all measures of physical fitness, except heart rate and flexibility, in the experimental group. Conclusion: The exercise program may be recommended as a method to maintain and promote the health of low-income elderly women.
Distributed turbo coding using log-likelihood thresholding for cooperative communications

In cooperative communications, error propagation at relays reduces the diversity order of the system. To combat that effect, we present a novel technique to control error propagation at the relays, which is presented in the context of a relay cooperating with a source to communicate with a destination using a turbo code. The relay calculates log-likelihood ratio (LLR) values for the bits sent from the source. These value are subjected to a threshold to selectively forward bits that are most reliable and discard bits that are less so, resulting in less errors propagating to the destination. We derive upper bounds on the bit-error rates for our proposed system and use them to optimize the threshold at the relay, showing that our system provides a better trade off between prevented errors and blocked correct bits. We compare our scheme with controlling error propagation using only a cyclic redundancy code(CRC) check at the relay, forwarding analog LLR values, and employing no error control at the relay at all. Based on system simulations, we show that our proposed scheme provides a significant diversity gain compared to other techniques.