Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Onset of Widespread Musculoskeletal Pain Is Associated with a Decrease in Healthy Ageing in Older People: A Population-Based Prospective Study

Objective Chronic musculoskeletal pain is common in older adults but the nature of its relationship with ageing is unclear. The objective for this study was to test the hypothesis that the onset of widespread pain would be associated with a decrease in healthy ageing. Methods Population-based prospective cohort study. A “healthy ageing” index was constructed across biomedical, physical, psychosocial and lay components. Analysis was performed with 2949 adults aged 50 years and over who had complete index scores at baseline, 3 and 6-year follow-ups. Results At three and six year follow-up, 365 (16.8%) and 259 (14.3%) experienced the onset of widespread pain. The onset of widespread pain during the six-year period was associated with a 25% and a 46% decrease in healthy ageing index scores; this decrease was independent of age, sex, education, social networks, smoking status, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity. The decrease in healthy ageing attenuated to 20% and 39% following adjustment for diagnosed musculoskeletal conditions and analgesic and non-steroidal use. Conclusions The onset of widespread pain was associated with a decrease in healthy ageing throughout the six-year period. When pain increased over time, the markers of unhealthy ageing increased also. Strong analgesia was associated with unhealthy ageing. Research could now usefully test whether early identification, improved treatment and prevention of pain prior to old age may facilitate healthy ageing.
Experiments in Structure Preserving Grammar

Structure preserving grammar com-paction (SPC) is a simple CFG com-paction technique originally described in (van Genabith et al., 1999a, 1999b). It works by generalising category labels and in so doing plugs holes in the grammar. To date the method has been tested on small corpra only. In the present research we apply SPC to a large grammar extracted from the Penn Treebank and examine its eeects on rule treebank grammar size and on rule accession rates (as an indicator of grammar completeness).
Hydroxyl Ethyl Cellulose HHX and Polymethyl Methacrylate Based Site Specific Floating Delivery of Prochlorperazine Maleate

Background: Prochlorperazine maleate is a phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of nausea, vomiting and vertigo. Biological half- life of the drug is about 6 to 8 hrs and oral dose is 5 or 10 mg thrice or four times a day. The mean absolute bioavailability for drug is 12.5%. Due to the solubility of drug in acidic pH, it is mainly absorbed from stomach. Objective: Site specific oral floating delivery of prochlorperazine maleate will prolong the gastric retention time, increases the drug bioavailability, reduces frequency of administration and can result in better patient compliance. Method:
A fully Kalman-trained radial basis function network for nonlinear speech modeling

This paper presents a radial basis function neural network which is trained to learn the dynamics of nonlinear autonomous systems. Contrary to conventional approaches, not only the output layer weights, but also the other parameters of the RBF network are trained using the extended Kalman filter algorithm. The advantages over conventional methods are that centers and variances of the hidden layer nodes need not be calculated before the optimum output weight matrix is determined, and that on-line training is possible. Due to a suitable factorization of the Riccati divergence equation as contained in the Kalman filter, the algorithm can be implemented local to the nodes in the network, and a matrix inversion replaced by simple divisions, thereby significantly reducing the computational complexity. Finally, the network is applied to the task of learning the dynamics of speech signals obtained from sustained vowels, and subsequently used to re-synthesize these vowels autonomously.
Brief announcement: maintaining large dense subgraphs on dynamic networks

In distributed networks, some groups of nodes may have more inter-connections, perhaps due to their larger bandwidth availability or communication requirements. In many scenarios, it may be useful for the nodes to know if they form part of a dense subgraph, e.g., such a dense subgraph could form a high bandwidth backbone for the network. In this work, we address the problem of self-awareness of nodes in a dynamic network with regards to graph density, i.e., we give distributed algorithms for maintaining dense subgraphs (subgraphs that the member nodes are aware of). The only knowledge that the nodes need is that of the dynamic diameter D, i.e., the maximum number of rounds it takes for a message to traverse the dynamic network. For our work, we consider a model where the number of nodes are fixed, but a powerful adversary can add or remove a limited number of edges from the network at each time step. The communication is by broadcast only and follows the CONGEST model in the sense that only messages of O(log n) size are permitted, where n is the number of nodes in the network. Our algorithms are continuously executed on the network, and at any time (after some initialization) each node will be aware if it is part (or not) of a particular dense subgraph. We give algorithms that approximate both the densest subgraph, i.e., the subgraph of the highest density in the network, and the at-least-k-densest subgraph (for a given parameter k), i.e., the densest subgraph of size at least k. We give a (2 + ε)-approximation algorithm for the densest subgraph problem. The at-least-k-densest subgraph is known to be NP-hard for the general case in the centralized setting and the best known algorithm gives a 2-approximation. We present an algorithm that maintains a (3+ε)-approximation in our distributed, dynamic setting. Our algorithms run in O(Dlog1+ε n) time.
A Bootstrapping Method for Extracting Sentiment Words Using Degree Adverb Patterns

Sentiment (or opinionated) lexicon plays an important part in sentiment analysis (or opinion mining) tasks. With the popularity of Social Network platforms such as tweeter and microblog, net neologisms welcome the spring of development and popularity. With the blooming of net neologisms, it is quite necessary to identify new sentiment words and improve current sentiment lexicon. This paper proposes a pattern based bootstrapping method which extracts sentiment words from microblogs. Consider that frequently used sentiment words always appear after degree adverbs, we enhance the importance of degree adverbs in patterns. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method and large quantity of unrecorded sentiment words are extracted with reasonable precision.
Anaemia during pregnancy as a risk factor for iron-deficiency anaemia in infancy: a case-control study in Jordan.

BACKGROUND A high prevalence of 50-65% iron-deficiency anaemia in mothers and infants in Jordan was reported by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in 1990. Iron-deficiency in infancy has been shown to delay cognitive and psychomotor development with long-term consequences. While socioeconomic deprivation and inadequate nutrition are known underlying factors, it is unclear whether iron endowment at birth is compromised when mothers are anaemic, further jeopardizing iron status during infancy. A prospective case-control study of infants from birth to one year was conducted in a lower middle-class urban setting in Amman, Jordan. The study objective was to examine the relationship between maternal anaemia and iron-deficiency anaemia during infancy. METHOD A sample of 107 anaemic (Hb < 11 g/dl) and 125 non-anaemic mothers was selected at 37 weeks' gestation and matched for age and parity, and infant data at birth obtained. The infants were reviewed at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, to assess growth, current nutrition, infection rates and iron status. The main outcome measure was the incidence of iron-deficiency anaemia in the two groups of infants, defined in the study as Hb < 11 g/dl and either plasma ferritin < 12 mcg/l or zinc protoporphyrin > 35 mcg/dl. RESULTS Iron endowment in cord blood samples appeared similar between the two groups. The incidence of iron-deficiency anaemia was very high in these infants, at 72% by research criteria, (51% if Hb < 10.5 g/dl), but significantly higher in the infants born to anaemic mothers at all stages of the year, with overall incidence of 81% (n = 91), compared to 65% in controls (n = 112). This was not explained by differences in environmental risk factors. Anaemic mothers had not recovered adequate iron status at 6 months' postpartum, with implications for future pregnancy iron demands. CONCLUSIONS Anaemia during pregnancy compromises the health of mothers in traditional cultures, where women tend to have several children close together after marriage, with an inadequate interval to replenish nutritional stores. Their infants also appear to be at increased risk of developing iron-deficiency anaemia, undetected at birth.
Suicide Ideation among Adolescent American Indians: An Application of General Strain Theory

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to compare suicidal thoughts among American Indian/Alaskan Natives (AI/AN) to a series of non-AI/AN comparison groups, using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. This study uses general strain theory as the guiding framework for understanding differences between racial groups in their suicidal ideation. A statistically significant difference is present between AI/AN and comparisons in suicidal ideation. The factors that may explain these differences addressed in this study include: alcohol abuse, exposure to suicidal behavior of friends and family, depression, and gun access. Implications for prevention and treatment are discussed.
Implementation of an Evolving Fuzzy Model (eFuMo) in a Monitoring System for a Waste-Water Treatment Process

Increasing demands on effluent quality and loads call for an improved control, monitoring, and fault detection of waste-water treatment plants (WWTPs). Improved control and optimization of WWTP lead to increased pollutant removal, a reduced need for chemicals as well as energy savings. An important step toward the optimal functioning of a WWTP is to minimize the influence of sensor faults on the control quality. To achieve this, a fault-detection system should be implemented. In this paper, the idea of using an evolving method as a base for the fault-detection/monitoring system is tested. The system is based on the evolving fuzzy model method. This method allows us to model the nonlinear relations between the variables with the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. The method uses basic evolving mechanisms to add and remove clusters and the adaptation mechanism to adapt the clusters' and local models' parameters. The proposed fault-detection system is tested on measured data from a real WWTP. The results indicate the potential improvement of the WWTP's control during a sensor malfunction.
Passivation Using Molecular Halides Increases Quantum Dot Solar Cell Performance

A solution-based passivation scheme is developed featuring the use of molecular iodine and PbS colloidal quantum dots (CQDs). The improved passivation translates into a longer carrier diffusion length in the solid film. This allows thicker solar-cell devices to be built while preserving efficient charge collection, leading to a certified power conversion efficiency of 9.9%, which is a new record in CQD solar cells.
5. Security of Attachment Relation‐ Ships with Parents and the Course of Peer Victimization in Four‐ to Five‐year‐olds Introduction

This study examined the role of concurrent attachment security on the course of peer victimization in young children. Furthermore, the validity was examined of a new procedure that would allow the assessment of attachment security through the Attachment Q‐sort and the separation/reunion procedure in a semi‐structured setting for preschool‐aged children. Seventy children (4‐ and 5 year olds) identified as victims of peer aggression in the Fall semester and one of their parents were recruited from 46 classrooms in 18 schools in the Netherlands. All children were followed‐up twice during one school year in order to determine for whom victimization was stable. Observation sessions were organized in the form of children's parties, in which a separation/reunion procedure was conducted. Based on video observations of the whole party, except for the observations during the separation/reunion procedure, the 90 items of the AQS‐set were sorted. Findings suggested that concurrent quality of the attachment relationship with parents was not predictive of the course of peer victimization. Furthermore, results revealed a relatively strong association between security‐insecurity on the AQS and separation/reunion. These findings suggest that a children's party, as a semi‐structured laboratory setting for the preschool period, is a promising methodological innovation which allows the possibility to conduct the two attachment measures in one session.
Using Mininet for emulation and prototyping Software-Defined Networks

Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) represents an innovative approach in the area of computer networks, since they propose a new model to control forwarding and routing data packets that navigate the World Wide Web. Since research on this topic is still in progress, there are not many devices such as routers and switches that implement SDN functionalities; moreover, the existing ones are very expensive. Thus, in order to make researchers able to do experiments and to test novel features of this new paradigm in practice at a low financial cost, one solution is to use virtual network emulators. As a result, this paper focuses on study and evaluation of SDN emulation tool called Mininet. Initial tests suggested that the capacity of rapid and simplified prototyping, the ensuring applicability, the possibility of sharing results and tools at zero cost are positive factors that help scientists boost their researches despite the limitations of the tool in relation to the performance fidelity between the simulated and the real environment. After presenting some concepts of this paradigm, the purpose of its appearance, its elements and how it works, some net prototypes are created to better understand the Mininet tool and an evaluation is done to demonstrate its advantages and disadvantages.
Parathyroidectomy Improves Restless Leg Syndrome in Patients on Hemodialysis

Background Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a sleep disorder with high prevalence among patients on hemodialysis. It has been postulated that high phosphate and high parathyroid hormone may be implicated in its pathogenesis. Standard international criteria and face-to-face interview are not always applied. Methods this was an interventional prospective study in which 19 patients (6 men, aged 48±11 years) with severe hyperparathyroidism were evaluated. RLS diagnosis and rating scale were accessed based on the International RLS Study Group pre- and post-parathyroidectomy. Patients also underwent standard polysomnography. Results At baseline, RLS was present in 10 patients (52.6%), and pain was the most reported symptom associated with the diagnosis. Patients with RLS had higher serum phosphate (p = 0.008) that remained independently associated with RLS in a logistic regression model, adjusted for hemoglobin, age and gender (HR = 7.28;CI = 1.14–46.3, p = 0.035). After parathyroidectomy, there was a reduction of serum parathyroid hormone, phosphate, calcium and alkaline phosphatase, and an increase of 25(OH)-vitamin D, and Fetuin-A. Parathyroidectomy alleviated RLS (from 52% to 21%; p = 0.04), which was accompanied by a decrease in severity scale, in association with relief of pain and pruritus. Polysomnography in these patients showed an improvement of sleep parameters as measured by sleep efficiency, sleep latency and percentage of REM sleep. Conclusion RLS is associated with high levels of phosphate in patients with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism on hemodialysis. Pain is most reported complain in these patients. Parathyroidectomy provided an opportunity to relief RLS. Whether the reduction of serum phosphorus or parathyroid hormone contributed to this improvement merits further investigation.
Evidence Normalization in System FC (Invited Talk)

System FC is an explicitly typed language that serves as the target language for Haskell source programs. System FC is based on System F with the addition of erasable but explicit type equality proof witnesses. Equality proof witnesses are generated from type inference performed on source Haskell programs. Such witnesses may be very large objects, which causes performance degradation in later stages of compilation, and makes it hard to debug the results of type inference and subsequent program transformations. In this paper we present an equality proof simplification algorithm, implemented in GHC, which greatly reduces the size of the target System FC programs.
Improved Gaussian mixture PHD for close multi-target tracking

Probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter is an optimal Bayesian multi-target filter based on random finite set. Gaussian mixture is an approximation scheme of PHD filter, which is suitable for linear Gaussian case. In multi-target tracking, when targets are moving closely to each other, GM-PHD filter cannot correctly estimate the number of targets and target states in complex tracking environment. To solve the problem, we propose an improved algorithm in this paper. The improved algorithm uses a novel method for the redistribution of target weights. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can achieve better performance compared to the other existing methods.
Multiband Electromagnetic-Bandgap Structures for Applications in Small Form-Factor Multichip Module Packages

The design and implementation of package-level electromagnetic-bandgap (EBG) structures is presented. By using spiral-based inductance-enhanced electromagnetic-bandgap structures (IE-EBGs), the relative periodicity for achieving bandgap at extremely low frequencies is substantially reduced in comparison to traditional EBGs. Using both full-wave electromagnetic simulation and experimental characterization, it is demonstrated that this type of structure can exhibit multiple bandgaps, which are individually tunable through variation of the inductance per unit area and/or the unit cell periodicity. Sample structures with dimensions compatible with today's microprocessor packaging technology are designed and fabricated in a multilayer organic flip-chip ball-grid array package substrate. These package-embedded IE-EBGs have unit cell dimensions less than 750 mum and exhibit the first forbidden bandgaps for electromagnetic wave propagation below 10 GHz, which is a frequency band of interest for commercial wireless communication systems.
Transcription-Associated Mutagenesis Increases Protein Sequence Diversity More Effectively than Does Random Mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

Background During transcription, the nontranscribed DNA strand becomes single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), which can form secondary structures. Unpaired bases in the ssDNA are less protected from mutagens and hence experience more mutations than do paired bases. These mutations are called transcription-associated mutations. Transcription-associated mutagenesis is increased under stress and depends on the DNA sequence. Therefore, selection might significantly influence protein-coding sequences in terms of the transcription-associated mutability per transcription event under stress to improve the survival of Escherichia coli. Methodology/Principal Findings The mutability index (MI) was developed by Wright et al. to estimate the relative transcription-associated mutability of bases per transcription event. Using the most stable fold of each ssDNA that have an average length n, MI was defined as (the number of folds in which the base is unpaired)/n×(highest –ΔG of all n folds in which the base is unpaired), where ΔG is the free energy. The MI values show a significant correlation with mutation data under stress but not with spontaneous mutations in E. coli. Protein sequence diversity is preferred under stress but not under favorable conditions. Therefore, we evaluated the selection pressure on MI in terms of the protein sequence diversity for all the protein-coding sequences in E. coli. The distributions of the MI values were lower at bases that could be substituted with each of the other three bases without affecting the amino acid sequence than at bases that could not be so substituted. Start codons had lower distributions of MI values than did nonstart codons. Conclusions/Significance Our results suggest that the majority of protein-coding sequences have evolved to promote protein sequence diversity and to reduce gene knockout under stress. Consequently, transcription-associated mutagenesis increases protein sequence diversity more effectively than does random mutagenesis under stress. Nonrandom transcription-associated mutagenesis under stress should improve the survival of E. coli.
Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping ( SLAM ) : Part I The Essential Algorithms

—This tutorial provides an introduction to Simul- taneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) and the exten-sive research on SLAM that has been undertaken over the past decade. SLAM is the process by which a mobile robot can build a map of an environment and at the same time use this map to compute it’s own location. The past decade has seen rapid and exciting progress in solving the SLAM problem together with many compelling implementations of SLAM methods. Part I of this tutorial (this paper), de- scribes the probabilistic form of the SLAM problem, essential solution methods and signiﬁcant implementations. Part II of this tutorial will be concerned with recent advances in computational methods and new formulations of the SLAM problem for large scale and complex environments.
A new psycho-acoustic model For MPEG1 layer 3 coder using A dynamic Gammachirp wavelet

In this paper, we present an approach for the psycho-acoustic analysis of musical signals based on the Gammachirp wavelet packet transform following the model used in the standard MPEG-1 audio layer 3.The proposed method mimics the multiresolution properties of the human ear closer than other techniques and it includes simultaneous and temporal auditory masking. Its important characteristic is to propose an analysis of the frequency bands that come closer to the critical bands of the ear.This study shows the best performance of the Gammachirp coder
Using Gaussian optics measurement system to characterize a new wideband low-loss antenna-slot-antenna

A new type of unit cell featuring wideband low loss characteristics is proposed for transmit-arrays (TA) and frequency selective surfaces (FSS) in Quasi-Optical applications. The TA is realized as a non-uniform array of antenna-resonator-antenna (ARA) elements and the FSS is realized as a uniform array of ARA elements. Each ARA element is a three layer structure consisting of two patch antennas and a slot resonator. The ARA elementary cell is designed and verified using finite element method simulation. A free space Gaussian optics measurement system (GOMS) is utilized to characterize the elementary cell. The measurement results show a 20.7% -3dB (12.2% -10dB) bandwidth and a maximum in-band insertion loss of <;0.2 dB for 42 GHz.