Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implications of intra-limb variability on asymmetry analyses

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intra-limb variability on the calculation of asymmetry with the purpose of informing future analyses. Asymmetry has previously been quantified for discrete kinematic and kinetic variables; however, intra-limb variability has not been routinely included in these analyses. Synchronized lower-limb kinematic and kinetic data were collected from eight trained athletes (age 22 ± 5 years, mass 74.0 ± 8.7 kg, stature 1.79 ± 0.07 m) during maximal velocity sprint running. Asymmetry was quantified using a modified version of the symmetry angle for selected kinematic and kinetic variables. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between left and right values for each variable were calculated to indicate intra-limb variability relative to between-limb differences. Significant asymmetry was present in only 39% of kinematic variables and 23% of kinetic variables analysed. Large kinetic asymmetry values (>90%) were calculated for some athletes that were not significant, due to large intra-limb variability. Variables that displayed significant asymmetry were athlete-specific. Findings highlight the potential for misleading results if intra-limb variability is not included in asymmetry analyses. The exclusion of asymmetry scores for variables not displaying significant asymmetry will be useful when calculating overall asymmetry for different participants and could be applied to future running gait analyses.
Making autoantibodies safe

The human immune system is extraordinarily good at generating antibodies to recognize an almost infinite range of antigens. Antibodies to antigens found on the cells and tissues of the host are repressed by tolerance mechanisms in health, but in autoimmune diseases they can become prominent. Although there is debate in a number of instances about whether autoantibodies are a cause or effect of disease, in many cases it has been established that autoantibodies directly lead to morbidity and even mortality. Although there is no known way to specifically “switch off” the generation of a particular autoreactive antibody response, work by Collin et al. (1) in this issue of PNAS suggests a strategy for reducing the adverse consequences of autoantibodies (1).
80nm self-aligned complementary I-MOS using double sidewall spacer and elevated drain structure and its applicability to amplifiers with high linearity

We demonstrate an 80nm self-aligned complementary I-MOS for the first time by using double sidewall spacer, elevated drain structure and RTA process. It shows a normal transistor operation with small subthreshold swing which ranges from 5.5 to 12.2mV/dec at room temperature. The n- and p-channel I-MOS had an ON/OFF current of 394.1/0.3/spl mu/A and 355.4/8.9/spl mu/A per /spl mu/m, respectively. We also investigate the effect of L/sub 1/ variation to device characteristics and finally show the feasibility of the I-MOS as an amplifier with high linearity.
In vivo imaging of adult neurogenesis

As our understanding of adult neurogenesis increases, hopes rise that neurological disorders and neuronal losses might be addressed one day by neural stem cell‐based regenerative therapies. However, evaluating the efficacy and safety of any neurogenesis‐based intervention requires a means to monitor neurogenesis in vivo and, so far, no such imaging techniques are available for human studies. Nevertheless, using imaging techniques presently available to clinicians, i.e. magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and optical imaging, significant progress has been made in this direction over the last decade. This review describes the current state‐of‐the‐art for each imaging technique, and shows that detection of neurogenesis could theoretically be achieved using current imaging devices. Indeed, in vivo imaging of neurogenesis has already been achieved in mice using transgenic model systems. However, the imaging of human neurogenesis still requires the development of methods to reliably target the neural stem cells and the neuronal precursors in vivo.
A Multi-Level Trust Management Scheme for the Internet of Things

The significance of the Internet of Things (IoT) in current trends is continuously rising. It is an umbrella term that signifies a network of physical devices that are embedded with electronics, software, sensors and connectivity that enable greater functions and services through the exchange of data accomplished through interconnection. The applications of the IoT are varied and numerous; they range from relatively simple home automation scenarios to the much more complex scenarios of interconnected smart cities. IoT is expected to dominate the future with huge amounts of content oriented traffic that is a result of intensive interactions between the millions of devices that will be available by then. The rising popularity of IoT has been accompanied by a corresponding rise in the number of issues. One of the issues is a lack of an established mechanism that deals with the issue of trust management. This issue is well addressed in the field of wireless sensor networks; an analogous framework for trust management does not exist for IoT. The complexity of the networked devices (allied with the complexity of the network itself) in addition to the fact that the environment in which the devices exist is itself continuously changing makes the development of a trust management scheme difficult. We propose a trust management scheme that helps establish trust between devices taking into account the nature, complexity and category of the interconnected devices. The level of service available to a node that requests a service from a service provider is predicated upon the trust level between the provider and requester. We elaborate on this concept and describe the emergence of trust over time that is also sensitive to the changing environment to which the devices might be subjected.
Analyzing Performance Implications of Selected Audit Committee Characteristics: A Study of Indian Corporate Sector

Abstract The present research work mainly focuses on the audit committee as a key to ensure a sound corporate governance framework in the companies. The insights from the present research work are a novel attempt to figure out the influence of selected audit committee characteristics on the performance of companies listed in India. Results suggest that audit committee size has a curvilinear effect on firm market valuation having an inflexion point of four directors comprising the members of the audit committee. Furthermore, the independent directors on the audit committee start contributing toward better firm accounting performance only after they constitute more than the majority. The audit committee activity has also demonstrated a significant relationship with firm performance in a nonlinear fashion. The above findings have been robust to the several alternative empirical tests and modifications. It also reveals that the findings solely based upon the linear testing of influence of audit committee characteristics are not conclusive in nature. Moreover, the findings generated from the characteristics of audit committee–firm performance association in this study are contingent upon the nature of performance measure being adopted. In relation to it, suitable implications and propositions have been quoted in the last section so as to offer directions to the interested parties.
A 128 kb FeRAM macro for a contact/contactless smart card microcontroller

For contact/contactless smart-card applications, a ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) macro must operate with supply voltages ranging from 2.7 V to 5.5 V, as standardized by ISO, and have endurance of more than 10/sup 8/ write/read cycles and memory size flexible from 32 kb to 128 kb. In addition, for contactless smart card applications, low current consumption is essential. This macro meets these requirements using: (1) 3-metal process capacitor-on-metal/via-stacked-plug (CMVP) memory cell; (2) voltage regulation architecture; (3) main/sub bit line and word line structure; and (4) dynamic-type offset sense amplifier.
Adaptive Time Window for EEG-based Motor Imagery Classification

Brain activation varies from subject to another, these differences force the BCI based EEG community to work on subject adaptivity. Since some time ranges of the EEG trials do not contain any information that could be used properly in the learning process and might lead to very inaccurate decisions, we have proposed in this paper an approach to locate the best time window in EEG signals, by choosing a range of different size overlapped windows, in order to improve the classification rate. We exploit filter bank common spatial patterns (FBCSP) to extract raw features of EEG signals and Fuzzy mutual information based min-Redundancy-Max-Relevance algorithm to select optimal features.
An efficient direct 2-D transform coding IP design for MPEG-4 AVC/H.264

This paper proposes an efficient direct 2D transform coding IP design for MPEG-4 AVC/H.264. The proposed direct 2D transform coding design eliminates the data transposition registers to greatly increase the data processing rate and reduce the hardware cost. When comparing the proposed design with the existing designs, the proposed design has over 90% higher hardware efficiency through the measure of DTUA (data throughput per unit area) for computing the multi-transform in MPEG-4 AVC/H.264. By using a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS technology, the optimum operating clock frequency of the proposed multi-transform design is 100 MHz, which achieves 800 Mpixels/sec data throughput rate with an area cost of 6482 gates. Moreover, the proposed design balances the I/O data rate and processing rate through an interlaced I/O schedule.
Social and economic ties in the freelance and sharing economies

New ways of organizing businesses, such as the freelance and sharing economies, may bring entirely new meaning to those fundamental ideas that are believed to underpin business exchanges. Through the lens of social and economic ties, this paper sets to address how these new ways of organizing business change the view on business exchanges. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the role of social ties in the freelance and sharing economies. The paper adopts a multiple case study approach to illustrate the structural, cognitive, and relational dimensions of social and economic ties in the freelance and sharing economies. Findings point at how networks are increasingly emphasized, while at the same time, the relational dimension of social ties is altered for transactional platforms. There is also the disconnection between the economic ties and the social ties as the payment and delivery solutions become more and more complex. Un-socialization, a new meaning of trust, and a second platform-driven cycle of entrepreneurship indicate new ideas to current understandings of business exchanges and entrepreneurship.
A PSO-BPNN-based model for energy saving in wireless sensor networks

Data aggregation has been emerged as a basic approach in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in order to reduce the number of transmissions of sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient model based on improved BP neural network by particle swarm optimization (PSO-BPNN) in WSNs. The global optimized initial weights and threshold of BP network are obtained by PSO. And then PSO-BPNN is deployed at both the base station (BS) and the node in WSNs, helps to find out potential laws according to historical data sets. Only when the deviation between the actual and the predicted value at the node exceeds a certain threshold, the sampling value and new model are sent to BS. The experiments on ocean surface temperature 2008 made a satisfied performance. When the error threshold greater than 0.05°C, it can decrease more than 80% data transmissions.
LV-ROVER: Lexicon Verified Recognizer Output Voting Error Reduction

Offline handwritten text line recognition is a hard task that requires both an efficient optical character recognizer and language model. Handwriting recognition state of the art methods are based on Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNN) coupled with the use of linguistic knowledge. Most of the proposed approaches in the literature focus on improving one of the two components and use constraint, dedicated to a database lexicon. However, state of the art performance is achieved by combining multiple optical models, and possibly multiple language models with the Recognizer Output Voting Error Reduction (ROVER) framework. Though handwritten line recognition with ROVER has been implemented by combining only few recognizers because training multiple complete recognizers is hard. In this paper we propose a Lexicon Verified ROVER: LV-ROVER, that has a reduce complexity compare to the original one and that can combine hundreds of recognizers without language models. We achieve state of the art for handwritten line text on the RIMES dataset.
Three Dimensional Large Eddy Simulation of Blood Flow and Deformation in an Elastic Constricted Artery

In the current work, a three-dimensional geometry of a 75% stenosed blood vessel is analyzed. Large eddy simulation (LES) with the help of a dynamic subgrid scale Smagorinsky model is applied to model the turbulent pulsatile flow. The geometry, the transmural pressure and the properties of the blood and the elastic boundary were based on clinical measurement data. For the flexible wall model, a thin solid region is constructed around the 75% stenosed blood vessel. The deformation of this solid region was modelled as a deforming boundary to reduce the computational cost of the solid model. Fluid-structure interaction is realized via a twoway coupling between the blood flow modelled via LES and the deforming vessel. The information of the flow pressure and the wall motion was exchanged continually during the cycle by an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The boundary condition of current time step depended on previous solutions. The fluctuation of the velocity in the post-stenotic region was analyzed in the study. The axial velocity at normalized position Z=0.5 shows a negative value near the vessel wall. The displacement of the elastic boundary was concerned in this study. In particular, the wall displacement at the systole and the diastole were compared. The negative displacement at the stenosis indicates a collapse at the maximum velocity and the deceleration phase. Keywords—Large Eddy Simulation, Fluid Structural Interaction, Constricted Artery, Computational Fluid Dynamics.
The Transmural Activation Sequence in Porcine and Canine Left Ventricle Is Markedly Different During Long‐Duration Ventricular Fibrillation

Background: Humans are more similar in transmural Purkinje and cardiac ion channel distributions to dogs than pigs. The Purkinje network in pigs is transmural but confined to the endocardium in dogs. Little is known about intramural activation during long‐duration ventricular fibrillation (LDVF) given these differences. We tested the hypothesis that the transmural activation sequence is similar in sinus rhythm (SR) and LDVF in dogs as well as pigs, but different between species.
Rola kontraktacji w aktywizacji lokalnego rynku pracy

This article explains the meaning of subcontracting in activation of local labour markets in Poland. It was indicated what positive and negative results, subcontracting brings for handling labour market. Fundamentals of this work consist of critical study of legal acts regulating subcontracting in labour market and study of an available literature. Described model of subcontracting should be considered as open because it is going to evolve on account of how it affects professional activation of unemployed.
NE Recognition Without Training Data on a Language You Don’t Speak

In this paper we describe an experiment to adapt a named entity recognition system from English to Cebuano as part of the TIDES surprise language program. With 4 person-days of effort, and with no previous knowledge of which language would be involved, no knowledge of the language in question once it was announced, and no training data available, we adapted the ANNIE system for Cebuano and achieved an F-measure of 77.5%.
Akuntabilitas Keuangan Pada Organisasi Pengelola Zakat (Opz) Di Daerah Istimewa YOGYAKARTA

This research examines the financial accountability in Amil Zakah Institution (OPZ). As a non-profit organization that receive fund from donors (muzakki), manage and distribute their fund to the mustahiq (the group of people who have right in receiving zakah fund), OPZ should give financial statement regularly as a form of their responsibility to the society, especially to muzakkies. The samples used in this study are 8 amil zakah institutions in Yogyakarta. The results of this research are as follows: first, all of the institutions have made financial accountability but in different models based on the characteristics of the institutions. Second, almost of the institutions observed do not have a good accounting system and internal control. Third, all of the observed institutions have the same problem of not having accounting standard in processing financial accountability and lack of quality of human resources in managing financial division.
Pathogen-nematode interaction: Nitrogen supply of Listeria monocytogenes during growth in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultatively intracellular human pathogen. Due to its saprophytic lifestyle, L. monocytogenes is assumed to infect and proliferate within soil organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans. However, little is known about the nutrient usages and metabolite fluxes in this bacterium-nematode interaction. Here, we established a nematode colonization model for L. monocytogenes and a method for the efficient separation of the pathogen from the nematodal gut. Following (15)N labelling of C. elegans and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based (15)N isotopologue analysis, we detected a high basal metabolic rate of the nematode, and observed a significant metabolic flux from nitrogenous compounds of the nematode to listerial proteins during proliferation of the pathogen in the worm's intestine. For comparison, we also measured the N fluxes from the gut content into listerial proteins using completely (15)N-labelled Escherichia coli OP50 as food for C. elegans. In both settings, L. monocytogenes prefers the direct incorporation of histidine, arginine and lysine over their de novo biosynthesis. Our data suggest that colonization of nematodes is a strategy of L. monocytogenes to increase its access to N-rich nutrients.
Microstrip dual-band bandpass filter based on the cul-de-sac topology

This paper presents a dual band filter implemented with microstrip open loop resonators using a cul-de-sac configuration covering the bands 1895–1960 MHz and 1995–2067 MHz. The undesired cross-couplings of its central core quartet of resonators are weak enough to not damage the overall filter response. The resulting filter offers a higher level of miniaturization by comparison with other extended dual-band topologies implemented with the same kind of resonators. The filter covers the desired passbands with insertion-losses lower than 1.8 dB and return-losses better than 10 dB.
The Role Of Agility In The Relationship Between Use Of Management Control Systems And Organizational Performance: Evidence From Korea And Japan

This study investigates the role of agility in the relationship between use of management control systems (MCS) and organizational performance by proffering the association of agility, use of MCS, and organizational performance. Using survey data collected from 185 large Korean and Japanese manufacturing companies, we analyze proposing relationships with partial least squares (PLS) structural equation approach. The result shows that diagnostic use of MCS shows no significant relationship with agility, while interactive use of MCS is positively associated with agility. Agility positively affects organizational performance, which implies that characteristics of agility are necessary to overwhelm rivals under rapidly changing environment. This study is one of the first studies that empirically examine the role of agility as an organizational capability in the relationship between MCS and organizational performance with data collected from two different countries.
Evaluation and prioritisation of manufacturing flexibility alternatives using integrated AHP and TOPSIS method: Evidence from a fashion apparel firm

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel integrated approach using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) methods for evaluation and prioritization of appropriate manufacturing flexibility type required in the face of multiple environmental uncertainties. Design/methodology/approach Using a case study of an Indian fashion apparel firm, the study demonstrates the application of the proposed integrated framework for evaluation and prioritization of manufacturing flexibility. The study uses AHP method to determine importance weight of environmental uncertainty criteria and subcriteria and then employs TOPSIS method to determine the final ranking of manufacturing flexibility types required to cope up with these uncertainties. Findings The findings of the case suggest that the proposed integrated approach is feasible and practically implementable for manufacturing flexibility assessment. Research limitations/implications AHP has been extensively studied and used, but the major limitation of this proposed approach is the involvement of large number of pairwise comparisons leading to difficulty in maintaining consistency in pairwise comparisons. Practical implications The proposed approach can work as a benchmarking tool to practitioners in evaluating and prioritizing manufacturing flexibility alternatives and to suggest strategic allocation of resource by prioritizing different manufacturing flexibilities types. Originality/value Unlike conventional approaches, the study provides meaningful knowledge to decision makers by demonstrating a simple, flexible, and efficient method to evaluate and rank the appropriate manufacturing flexibility types.
Services and Service Composition – An Introduction (Services und Service Komposition – Eine Einführung)

Summary In this overview paper, we discuss the basic principles underlying service-oriented computing in general, and (Web) services in particular. We discuss the important differences between (Web) services and Web applications and other models in Internet computing. Finally, we discuss where we see the future research challenges in the area of service composition. Zusammenfassung In diesem Übersichtsartikel behandeln wir die Grundlagen von Service-oriented Computing und (Web) Services im Speziellen. Wir besprechen die wesentlichen Unterschiede zwischen (Web) Services und Web Applikationen sowie weiteren Modellen im Bereich des Internet Computing. Im letzten Teil des Artikels besprechen wir die zukünftigen Herausforderungen im Bereich der Service Composition Forschung.