Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Utility Maximization with Habit Formation: Dynamic Programming and Stochastic PDEs

This paper studies the habit-forming preference problem of maximizing total expected utility from consumption net of the standard of living, a weighted average of past consumption. We describe the effective state space of the corresponding optimal wealth and standard of living processes, identify the associated value function as a generalized utility function, and exploit the interplay between dynamic programming and Feynman-Kac results via the theory of random fields and stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs). The resulting value random field of the optimization problem satisfies a nonlinear, backward SPDE of parabolic type, widely referred to as the stochastic Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. The dual value random field is characterized further in terms of a backward parabolic SPDE which is linear. Progressively measurable versions of stochastic feedback formulae for the optimal portfolio and consumption choices are obtained as well.
Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects

Background Exercise performed in a postprandial state does not increase 24-h fat oxidation of male and female subjects. Conversely, it has been shown in male subjects that exercise performed in a postabsorptive state increases 24-h fat oxidation compared with that in sedentary control and that with exercise trials performed after breakfast, lunch, or dinner. There is a paucity of study evaluating the effect of exercise performed in a postabsorptive state in female subjects. Method Nine young female subjects participated in indirect calorimetry measurement over 24-h using a room-size metabolic chamber in which subjects remained sedentary or performed 60 min exercise before breakfast at 50% of V˙O2max. Exercise was accompanied by an increase in energy intake to ensure that subjects were in a similar state of energy balance over 24 h for the two trials. Findings Compared with the sedentary condition, exercise performed before breakfast increased 24-h fat oxidation (519 ± 37 vs. 400 ± 41 kcal/day). Time courses of relative energy balance differed between trials with transient negative energy balance observed before breakfast. The lowest values of relative energy balance observed during the 24-h calorimetry, i.e., transient energy deficit, were greater in exercise trials than in sedentary trials. The transient deficit in carbohydrate balance was also observed before breakfast, and magnitude of the deficit was greater in exercise trial compared to that of sedentary trial. Interpretation Under energy-balanced conditions, exercise performed in a post-absorptive state increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects. The effect of exercise performed before breakfast can be attributed to nutritional state: a transient deficit in energy and carbohydrate at the end of exercise.
EVOLUTIONARY ANALYSIS OF LIFE SPAN, COMPETITION, AND ADAPTIVE RADIATION, MOTIVATED BY THE PACIFIC ROCKFISHES (SEBASTES)

Abstract The Pacific rockfishes (Sebastes spp) are remarkable for both their diversity (on the order of 100 species) and range of maximum life span (∼10 years for Calico rockfish to ∼200 years for Rougheye rockfish). We describe the natural history and patterns of diversity and life span in these species and then use independent contrasts to explore correlates of these. When phylogenetic history is taken into account, maximum life span is explained by age at maturity, size at maturity, and the interaction of these two. We introduce a life-history model that allows insight into the origin of these correlations. We then describe a variety of mechanisms that may increase lifepans and diversity. These include fluctuating environments (in which organisms basically have to “wait out” bad periods to reproduce successfully), diversity, and longevity inspired by interspecific competition and physiological complexity in growth and accumulation of cellular damage. All of the results point toward the importance of flat or “indifferent” fitness surfaces as a key element in the evolution of diversity. We conclude that further development of the theory of flat or indifferent fitness surfaces as applied to diversity and life span is clearly warranted.
Fuzzy two-degrees-of-freedom speed controller for motor drives

A fuzzy two-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) controller and its application to the speed control of an induction motor drive are presented in this paper. The proposed controller is composed of two fuzzy controllers to obtain good tracking and regulating responses. Unlike the conventional fuzzy controller, the error between the outputs of a reference model and the controlled drive is used to drive the proposed fuzzy controller. The drive rotor speed response can closely follow the trajectory produced by the reference model, and good load speed regulating response can also be obtained simultaneously owing to the possession of two-degrees-of-freedom in structure. Moreover, these performances are rather insensitive to the operating condition changes. The dynamic signal analysis as well as the construction of fuzzy control algorithms are described in detail. Some simulated and measured results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy controller. >
Cross domain recommender systems using matrix and tensor factorization

Today, the amount and importance of available data on the internet are growing exponentially. These digital data has become a primary source of information and the peoples life bonded to them tightly. The data comes in diverse shapes and from various resources and users utilize them in almost all their personal or social activities. However, selecting a desirable option from the huge list of available options can be really frustrating and timeconsuming. Recommender systems aim to ease this process by finding the proper items which are more likely to be interested by users. Undoubtedly, there is not even one social media or online service which can continue its work properly without using recommender systems. On the other hand, almost all available recommendation techniques suffer from some common issues: the data sparsity, the cold-start, and the new-user problems. This thesis tackles the mentioned problems using different methods. While, most of the recommender methods rely on using single domain information, in this thesis, the main focus is on using multi-domain information to create cross-domain recommender systems. A crossdomain recommender system is not only able to handle the cold-start and new-user situations much better, but it also helps to incorporate different features exposed in diverse domains together and capture a better understanding of the users preferences which means producing more accurate recommendations. In this thesis, a pre-clustering stage is proposed to reduce the data sparsity as well. Various cross-domain knowledge-based recommender systems are suggested to recommend items in two popular social media, the Twitter and LinkedIn, by using different information available in both domains. The state of art techniques in this field, namely matrix factorization and tensor decomposition, are implemented to develop cross-domain recommender systems. The presented recommender systems based on the coupled nonnegative matrix factorization and PARAFAC-style tensor decomposition are evaluated using real-world datasets and it is shown that they superior to the baseline matrix factorization collaborative filtering. In addition, network analysis is performed on the extracted data from Twitter and LinkedIn.
ACUTE GENERALIZED EXANTHEMATOUS PUSTULOSIS WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION

congenita and bypotrichosis. '''* Feinstein et al.' reported that 5.4% of pachyonychia congenita were associated with SM and Cole'* reported a case of SM associated witb hypertricbosis. Our case was associated with congenital alopecia on the frontal scalp and it is not certain whether or not tbe congenital alopecia association witb SM is coincidental. Tbe cbaracteristic histopathologic findings of this disease are the presence of flattened sebaceous lobules witbin tbe cystic wall and acellular eosinopbilic cuticles witb a wavy configuration. Steatocystoma multiplex may arise in a sebaceous duct because the lining of tbe lumen is composed of an undulatory eosinophilic cuticle that is characteristic of the sebaceous duct. ^ Tberefore, we think undulatory eosinophilic cuticles are important in diagnosing SM because we can differentiate otber cysts by their origin such as a trichilemmal cyst (origin from tbe outer root sbeatb of follicle), epidermal cyst (origin from infundibulum), and vellus hair cyst (origin from infundibulo-isthmic junction or isthmus). In this case, tbe absence of the granular layer could rule out an epidermal cyst and vellus bair cyst. CONCLUSIONS
A novel entropy measure for analysis of the electrocardiogram

There has been much recent research into extracting useful diagnostic features from the electrocardiogram with numerous studies claiming impressive results. However, the robustness and consistency of the methods employed in these studies is rarely, if ever, mentioned. Hence, we propose two new methods; a biologically motivated time series derived from consecutive P-wave durations, and a mathematically motivated regularity measure. We investigate the robustness of these two methods when compared with current corresponding methods. We find that the new time series performs admirably as a compliment to the current method and the new regularity measure consistently outperforms the current measure in numerous tests on real and synthetic data.
Fis, a DNA nucleoid‐associated protein, is involved in Salmonella typhimurium SPI‐1 invasion gene expression

The ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to cause disease depends upon the co‐ordinated expression of many genes located around the Salmonella chromosome. Specific pathogenicity loci, termed Salmonella pathogenicity islands, have been shown to be crucial for the invasion and survival of Salmonella within host cells. Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI‐1) harbours the genes required for the stimulation of Salmonella uptake across the intestinal epithelia of the infected host. Regulation of SPI‐1 genes is complex, as invasion gene expression responds to a number of different signals, presumably signals similar to those found within the environment of the intestinal tract. As a result of our continued studies of SPI‐1 gene regulation, we have discovered that the nucleoid‐binding protein Fis plays a pivotal role in the expression of HilA and InvF, two activators of SPI‐1 genes. A S. typhimurium fis mutant demonstrates a two‐ to threefold reduction in hilA::Tn5lacZY and a 10‐fold reduction in invF::Tn5lacZY expression, as well as a 50‐fold decreased ability to invade HEp‐2 tissue culture cells. This decreased expression of hilA and invF resulted in an altered secreted invasion protein profile in the fis mutant. Furthermore, the virulence of a S. typhimurium fis mutant is attenuated 100‐fold when administered orally, but has wild‐type virulence when administered intraperitoneally. Expression of hilA::Tn5lacZY and invF::Tn5lacZY in the fis mutant could be restored by introducing a plasmid containing the S. typhimurium fis gene or a plasmid containing hilD, a gene encoding an AraC‐like regulator of Salmonella invasion genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Virulent Clostridium chauvoei Reference Strain JF4335

ABSTRACT Clostridium chauvoei is the etiological agent of blackleg, a disease of cattle and sheep with high mortality rates, causing severe economic losses in livestock production. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the virulent C. chauvoei strain JF4335 (2.8 Mbp and 28% G+C content) and the annotation of the genome.
An empirical study on prediction of heart disease using classification data mining techniques

In this research paper, the use of pattern recognition and data mining techniques into risk prediction models in the clinical domain of cardiovascular medicine is proposed. The data is to be modelled and classified by using classification data mining technique. Some of the limitations of the conventional medical scoring systems are that there is a presence of intrinsic linear combinations of variables in the input set and hence they are not adept at modelling nonlinear complex interactions in medical domains. This limitation is handled in this research by use of classification models which can implicitly detect complex nonlinear relationships between dependent and independent variables as well as the ability to detect all possible interactions between predictor variables.
Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Improvement of Renal Transplant Recipients Converted From Mycophenolate Mofetil to Enteric-Coated Mycophenolate Sodium Drugs or Agents: Mycophenolate Mofetil and Enteric-Coated Mycophenolate Sodium

Background. In renal transplant (RT) recipients, treatment with enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) improves gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The impact of conversion from MMF to EC-MPS on patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using GI-specific instruments has been scarcely evaluated in randomized trials. Methods. The present randomized, multicenter, open-labeled, 12-week study included RT recipients experiencing GI adverse events due to MMF treatment. Patients were randomized to continue with MMF (n=54) or change to EC-MPS (n=59). Patients were converted at equimolar doses, and dose was optimized between weeks 2 and 6 to achieve maximum tolerated dose. Results. Incidence of GI complications (particularly diarrhea) was significantly lower in the EC-MPS group (67.8% vs. 87.0%, P=0.015). The baseline-adjusted mean global scores at 12 weeks in GI quality of life index were significantly higher in the EC-MPS group versus MMF (P=0.014). Results at 12 weeks for all secondary scales indicated better HRQoL in the EC-MPS group compared with the MMF group (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Psychological General Well-Being Index, and overall treatment effect). In the EC-MPS group, a higher percentage of patients were receiving intermediate doses of mycophenolic acid (720 mg/day) at 12 weeks compared with MMF (55.4% vs. 27.4%, P=0.003), whereas no differences were observed for high doses (>720 mg/day). Conclusions. In RT patients with GI undesirable effects due to MMF, switching from MMF to EC-MPS may enable an increase in the maximum tolerated dose of mycophenolic acid and reduce GI complications, thus enhancing patients' GI HRQoL.
Turbo Volterra equalization of intermodulation distortion in multicarrier satellite systems

The urgent objective of transmitting high data rates over satellite, coupled with the challenge to maximize satellite mass efficiency, has necessitated that multiple carriers share the same transponder high-power amplifier (HPA). This paper presents analytical framework that characterizes the resulting intermodulation distortion (IMD) by utilizing Volterra series representation to account for the memory within the carrier itself and those associated with other carriers. Using this theoretical characterization, novel algorithms are developed to overcome IMD in highly distortion-limited environments by employing the powerful Turbo equalization method with linear minimum mean-squared error criterion. Further, the solution is adaptive so compensation does not require prior knowledge of the HPA characteristics and can be rapidly responsive to variations in the environment. Through extensive simulations, it is shown that the proposed multicarrier analysis and Turbo Volterra techniques can be used to substantially remove IMD resulting from operating the nonlinear transponder HPA, shared by multiple carriers, near saturation. By applying more iterations of joint equalization and decoding, the solution can approach the ideal performance when feeding back correct decisions.
Cerebral MRI abnormalities and their association with neuropsychiatric manifestations in SLE: a population‐based study

Objective: To evaluate the volumetric brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a population‐based sample of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to detect a possible relationship between cerebral MRI abnormalities and specific neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations. Methods: The study population consisted of patients with SLE (n = 43) in Pirkanmaa Health Care District, Finland and of a sex‐ and age‐stratified reference group from the general population (n = 43). In addition to a clinical neurological investigation, all subjects received a detailed neuropsychological assessment and an MRI study. Volumetric measures of cerebral atrophy as well as T1‐ and T2‐weighted lesions were obtained. SLE activity was assessed by the European Consensus Lupus Activity Measure (ECLAM) index, and accumulated NP abnormalities were measured by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) damage index. A cumulative lifetime dose of glucocorticoids was determined from the patientrecords. Results: Compared with controls, SLE patients had increased volumes of both T1‐ and T2‐weighted lesions (p = 0.019 and p<0.0001, respectively) and increased cerebral atrophy (p<0.001). All the measured MRI parameters were statistically significantly higher in NPSLE than in non‐NPSLE patients. In SLE patients, cerebral atrophy was associated with cognitive dysfunction, epileptic seizures, and cerebrovascular disease; T1‐weighted lesions were associated with epileptic seizures and T2‐weighted lesions with cognitive dysfunction. All MRI parameters correlated significantly with the SLICC index but not with the ECLAM index. A positive correlation was found between a cumulative dose of glucocorticoids and cerebral atrophy in SLE patients. Conclusion: MRI abnormalities, including brain atrophy and T1‐ and T2‐weighted lesions, are significantly more common in patients with SLE than in the general population and they are related to specific NP manifestations. Our findings also provide support for the organic aetiology of cognitive dysfunction in SLE.
Low-grade inflammation and tryptophan-kynurenine pathway activation are associated with adverse cardiac remodeling in primary hyperparathyroidism: the EPATH trial

Abstract Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is associated with low-grade inflammation, left ventricular hypertrophy and increased cardiovascular mortality, but the association between inflammatory markers and parameters of adverse cardiac remodeling is unknown. We investigated the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP), the essential amino acid tryptophan and its pro-inflammatory derivatives kynurenine and quinolinic acid (QUIN) with echocardiographic parameters. Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data from the “Eplerenone in Primary Hyperparathyroidism” trial were analyzed. Patients with any acute illness were excluded. We assessed associations between CRP, serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine and QUIN and left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left atrial volume index (LAVI) and E/e′. Results: Among 136 subjects with pHPT (79% females), 100 (73%) had arterial hypertension and the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was 52%. Multivariate linear regression analyses with LVMI, LAVI and E/e′ as respective dependent variables, and C-reactive protein and tryptophan, kynurenine and QUIN as respective independent variables were performed. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, blood pressure, parathyroid hormone, calcium and other cardiovascular risk factors. LVMI was independently associated with CRP (adjusted β-coefficient=0.193, p=0.030) and QUIN (β=0.270, p=0.007), but not kynurenine. LAVI was related with CRP (β=0.315, p<0.001), kynurenine (β=0.256, p=0.005) and QUIN (β=0.213, p=0.044). E/e′ was related with kynurenine (β=0.221, p=0.022) and QUIN (β=0.292, p=0.006). Tryptophan was not associated with any of the remodeling parameters. [Correction added after online publication (22 April 2017: The sentence “Among 136 subjects with pHPT (79% females), 100 (73%) had left ventricular hypertrophy. ” was corrected to “Among 136 subjects with pHPT (79% females), 100 (73%) had arterial hypertension and the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was 52%. ”] Conclusions: Cardiac remodeling is common in pHPT and is associated with low-grade inflammation and activation of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway. The potential role of kynurenine and QUIN as cardiovascular risk factors may be further investigated in future studies.
Development of Video Modelling of Freestyle Swimming in High School Physical Education

This study aims to develop a video modelling of freestyle swimming in high school physical education (PE). This study uses Borg & Gall research and development (R&D) method which has been developed by Sugiyono that has two stages; pre-development and development stage. Pre-development was including small-scale and large-scale trial experiments which were conducted with five and ten ten-year students, respectively, participated from Batik 1 Surakarta High School. Then, the development stage was included 20 ten-year students of the same school. They were assigned into two groups randomly. The experimental group, including 10 students, was received the video modelling of freestyle swimming learning materials, while the control group including 10 students was taught by the teacher that consisted of the same learning materials as those used by the experimental group. The result shows that the experimental group has better performance in freestyle swimming technique than the control group. The video modelling is categorized as very good product with 80% percentage score. This means that the video modelling has been properly used and declared as effective freestyle swimming learning media for high school students.
Development of a Multi-mycotoxin Analysis in Beer-based Drinks by a Modified QuEChERS Method and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

An analytical method was developed for the identification and quantification of 15 mycotoxins (patulin, nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B_1, B_2, G_1, G_2, M_1, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, zearalenone, fumonisin B_1, B_2, B_3, and ochratoxin A) in beer-based drinks (beer, low-malt beer, new genre, and nonalcoholic) by a modified QuEChERS method and an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS). Mycotoxins were extracted from samples using acetonitrile with sodium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and sodium citrate, and were then purified with a solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge including C18. The UHPLC conditions were also examined to establish its optimal conditions for separation. Fifteen mycotoxins were separated in a total of 6.5 min, and were quantified in the optimal mobile phase conditions. Determinations performed using this method produced high correlation coefficients of 15 mycotoxins ( R > 0.99) and recovery rates ranging from 70.3 to 110.7% with good repeatability (relative standard deviation RSD < 14.6%). Further, 24 commercial beer-based drinks in Japan were analyzed using this method, and nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, and fumonisins were detected in several samples, but always under the limit of quantification (< 5 ng/mL). These results suggest that the health risk to consumers from beer-based drinks in Japan is relatively low.