Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The development and application of a scale of acculturation

Abstract: As Australia is one of the most multicultural societies in the world, acculturation of migrants and changes in migrants' health status should be an important focus of public health research. The absence of an accepted measure of acculturation is one barrier to exploring the relationship between acculturation and health. This paper presents data from a study of 851 Arabic–speaking adults attending 20 Arabic–speaking general practitioners in Canterbury, Sydney. An eight–item scale assessing acculturation was developed with a structural equation modelling program (LISREL). This acculturation scale was based on similar scales used with Hispanic populations, was theoretically grounded and had high internal consistency and criterion–related validity. To show the application of a scale of acculturation, patients' preferences for participation in medical decision making, according to level of acculturation, were examined. After adjustment for age, sex and highest level of formal education, significant inverse associations between acculturation and preferences for patient (versus family) involvement in medical decision making were found. Mechanisms for how acculturation affects health need to be explored. (Aust N Z J Public Health 1997; 21: 606–13)
An Opportunistic Unlicensed Spectrum Utilization Method for LTE and WiFi Coexistence System

In this paper, two novel mechanisms are developed for the coexistence of cellular and WiFi systems in unlicensed spectrum. In the opportunistic method, the small cell base station opportunistically selects traffic offloading or resource sharing on each WiFi access point (AP). In the hybrid method, the base station simultaneously offloads users and shares the unlicensed spectrum of each AP. The performances of the proposed methods are analyzed and compared. We find that traffic offloading can achieve better performance than resource sharing when the number of existing WiFi users is below a threshold and the hybrid method achieves the same performance as the resource sharing method when existing WiFi user number is large enough. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Apprenticeship learning in an incompatible feature space

This study presents a novel apprenticeship learning method to enable a learner to utilize demonstrations observed in an incompatible feature space. It is assumed that an expert and a learner follow non-identical Markov decision processes (MDPs), and a mapping function is estimated to obtain feature expectation of the demonstrations in an agent space. A conditional density estimation technique is used to represent the feature expectation in closed-form. The proposed method is useful because it is expected to alleviate intractable processes to explicitly specify correspondence of heterogeneous MDPs for apprenticeship learning. Additionally, the method does not require any sampling method to approximate integrals over an agent feature space. A simulation is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method in three domains in which it is not possible to directly compare the features of the expert and learner.
Self-Reported Weight and Height Considerably Affect the Weight Distribution of a Population

To the editor: We have analysed to what extent the distribution of a representative Swedish population into four body weight categories (underweight, acceptable weight, ovenveight, obesity) was affected by reliance upon self-reported weight and height. We used data from a cross-sectional representative sample of the Swedish population aged 1 6 4 4 years, derived from Statistics Sweden Survey on Living Conditions-the ULF study, where personal interviews including questions on weight and height had been obtained from 7065 men and 7484 women. Details have been presented elsewhere (1). First, we calculated body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) based on self-reported weight and height. Then correction of self-reported BMI was performed according to transformed regression equations derived from our previous validation study (2). A striking agreement between objective BMI (based on measured weight and height) and corrected estimates of prevalence of obesity in contrast to the considerable underestimation by selfreports was found when these transformation equations were applied on data from a different population (3). Since the regression equations proved to be reliable for the estimation of the “true” prevalence of
Mémoires associatives pour observations floues

Nous presentons une extension de fonctionnement de memoires associatives recemment introduites au cas d'entrees approximatives. Nous analysons les performances et montrons qu'a taux d'erreur fixe, la consommation memoire est a un facteur constant de l'optimal et la complexite algorithmique reste limitee (quadratique). Ces extensions ouvrent la voie a l'utilisation de memoires associatives pour effectuer des recherches complexes dans des bases de donnees avec un temps de reponse faible.
Extending kernel principal component analysis to general underlying loss functions

Kernel principal component analysis can be considered as a natural nonlinear generalization of PCA because it performs linear PCA in a kernel induced feature space. It allows us to extract nonlinear structures in the input data. The classical kernel PCA formulation leads to an eigendecomposition of the kernel matrix: eigenvectors with large eigenvalue correspond to the principal components in the feature space. Starting from the least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) formulation to kernel PCA we extend it to general underlying loss functions. For classical kernel PCA, the underlying loss function is L/sub 2/. In this approach, one can easily plug in other loss functions and solve a nonlinear optimization problem to achieve desirable properties. Simulations with Huber's loss function for robustness and quadratic epsilon insensitive loss function for sparseness demonstrate the flexibility of our approach.
Translocation of Autophosphorylated Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II to the Postsynaptic Density*

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) undergoes calcium-dependent autophosphorylation, generating a calcium-independent form that may serve as a molecular substrate for memory. Here we show that calcium-independent CaMKII specifically binds to isolated postsynaptic densities (PSDs), leading to enhanced phosphorylation of many PSD proteins including the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor. Furthermore, binding to PSDs changes CaMKII from a substrate for protein phosphatase 2A to a protein phosphatase 1 substrate. Translocation of CaMKII to PSDs occurs in hippocampal slices following treatments that induce CaMKII autophosphorylation and a form of long term potentiation. Thus, synaptic activation leads to accumulation of autophosphorylated, activated CaMKII in the PSD. This increases substrate phosphorylation and affects regulation of the kinase by protein phosphatases, which may contribute to enhancement of synaptic strength.
Estimation de la performance des circuits numériques sous variations PVT et vieillissement

La reduction des dimensions des transistors a augmente la sensibilite des circuits numeriques aux variations PVT et, plus recemment, aux effets de vieillissement, notamment BTI et HCI. De larges marges de securite sont donc necessaires pour assurer un fonctionnement correct du circuit, ce qui entraine une perte d'energie importante. Les solutions actuelles pour ameliorer l'efficacite energetique sont principalement basees sur des solutions de type «Adaptive Voltage and Frequency Scaling (AVFS)». Cependant, ce type de solution ne peut anticiper les variations avant qu'elles ne se produisent. Cette approche doit donc etre ameliore pour traiter les problemes de fiabilite lies au vieillissement. Cette these propose une nouvelle methodologie pour generer des modeles simplifies pour estimer la frequence maximale du circuit Fmax. Un premier modele est cree pour estimer le delai de propagation du (des) chemin(s) critique(s) en fonction des variations PVT. Les effets BTI et HCI sont ensuite modelises via une modification des parametres du premier modele. Construit a partir des modeles au niveau transistor, le modele de vieillissement obtenu prend en compte tous les facteurs qui influent sur le vieillissement, a savoir, la topologie des circuits, l'application, la tension et la temperature. La methodologie proposee est validee sur deux architectures en technologie 28nm FD-SOI. Les modeles peuvent etre alimentes par des moniteurs de temperature et de tension, ce qui permet une evaluation precise de l'evolution de Fmax. Toutefois, ces moniteurs sont sensibles au vieillissement. Aussi, une methode de recalibrage pour compenser les effets du vieillissement a ete developpee pour un moniteur numerique de temperature et de tension. Des exemples d'applications en ligne sont donnes. Les modeles sont egalement utilises pour simuler des circuits complexes sous des variations de vieillissement, par exemple un circuit multi-cœur et un systeme AVFS. Cela permet d'evaluer differentes strategies concernant la performance, l'energie et la fiabilite.
An efficient grasp planning algorithm for 3-D objects considering hand configuration

Precision grasp planning on three-dimensional (3-D) objects has received a lot of attention in the past few years. However, traditional contact-level methods are not applicable for real grasp tasks since they don't consider hand configuration, and heuristic approaches require a large amount of computing time. In this paper, the grasp planning problem is interpreted geometrically and the workspaces of different robotic fingers are described using convex sets. Then an efficient grasp planning algorithm is proposed for arbitrary objects considering hand configuration based on the concept of Q+ distance. The proposed method is suitable for fully-actuated or underactuated multifingered robotic hands. Finally, the algorithm is implemented on a four-fingered robotic hand, and simulation results indicate that the algorithm can search for joint angles and relative pose between the robotic hand frame and the object frame for a valid grasp configuration within one second.
Cardiac differentiation of embryonic stem cells with point-source electrical stimulation

The use of pluripotent stem cells as a means to repair damaged heart tissue has recently emerged as a promising, yet controversial therapy. Despite the different approaches and the variety of cell types used, many of these procedures have been met with mixed success. The lack of understanding of the differentiation and integration process, notably with respect to electrical signaling, significantly hampers the development of these therapies. A system was thus developed allowing the use of point source electrical stimulation on embryonic stem (ES) cells to study the effect of physiologically-relevant electrical stimulus. When modulating the amplitude of the stimulus over various differentiation stages of embryonic stem cells, differences in the proportions of cardiomyocytes to embryonic stem cells were observed through quantitative PCR. The use of this technique might have larger applications in understanding molecular pathways towards the regeneration process.
Levels and Patterns of Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in 4-Year-Old Swedish Children.

BACKGROUND Levels of physical activity (PA) affect health already at 4 years of age. The aims of this study were to describe levels and patterns of PA and sedentary time (ST) in a sample of 4-year-old Swedish children and to assess the number of children achieving PA guidelines throughout the week. METHODS Data from 540 4-year-old children enrolled in the population-based PRIMROSE trial was used. PA was measured for a period of 1 week by the Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer. Average PA, time spent in light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST were assessed. RESULTS On average children spent 6.7% of the day in MVPA and 45% of the day being sedentary and 33% (n = 178) of the children met the PA guidelines of 60 minutes of MVPA per day. Boys spent 56.8 (SD 21.8) minutes/day in MVPA, while girls spent 43.0 (SD 18.1) minutes/day in MVPA (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Four-year-old children spent almost half of the day being sedentary and only one-third meet the recommended PA guidelines. This finding is alarming as higher levels of PA, already at 4 years of age, seem to reduce the risk of childhood obesity and provides long-term health benefits.
Modulating macrophage polarization with divalent cations in nanostructured titanium implant surfaces

Nanoscale topographical modification and surface chemistry alteration using bioactive ions are centrally important processes in the current design of the surface of titanium (Ti) bone implants with enhanced bone healing capacity. Macrophages play a central role in the early tissue healing stage and their activity in response to the implant surface is known to affect the subsequent healing outcome. Thus, the positive modulation of macrophage phenotype polarization (i.e. towards the regenerative M2 rather than the inflammatory M1 phenotype) with a modified surface is essential for the osteogenesis funtion of Ti bone implants. However, relatively few advances have been made in terms of modulating the macrophage-centered early healing capacity in the surface design of Ti bone implants for the two important surface properties of nanotopography and and bioactive ion chemistry. We investigated whether surface bioactive ion modification exerts a definite beneficial effect on inducing regenerative M2 macrophage polarization when combined with the surface nanotopography of Ti. Our results indicate that nanoscale topographical modification and surface bioactive ion chemistry can positively modulate the macrophage phenotype in a Ti implant surface. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that chemical surface modification using divalent cations (Ca and Sr) dramatically induces the regenerative M2 macrophage phenotype of J774.A1 cells in nanostructured Ti surfaces. In this study, divalent cation chemistry regulated the cell shape of adherent macrophages and markedly up-regulated M2 macrophage phenotype expression when combined with the nanostructured Ti surface. These results provide insight into the surface engineering of future Ti bone implants that are harmonized between the macrophage-governed early wound healing process and subsequent mesenchymal stem cell-centered osteogenesis function.
Classifier Ensemble using Multiobjective Optimization for Named Entity Recognition

In this paper, we report a multiobjective optimization (MOO) based classifier ensemble technique to solve the problem of Named Entity Recognition (NER). Our underlying assumption is that rather than searching for the best feature set for a particular classifier, ensembling of several classifiers which are trained using different feature representations could be a more fruitful approach. But, it is very crucial to select the appropriate classifiers that can participate in final ensembling. Here, we propose a new technique for classifier ensembling based on MOO that can simultaneously optimize several different classification measures. Maximum Entropy (ME) framework is used to generate a number of classifiers by considering the various combinations of the available features. The proposed technique is evaluated for two resource constrained languages, namely Bengali and Hindi. Evaluation results yield the recall, precision and F-measure values of 72.34%, 84.94% and 78.13%, respectively for Bengali, and 64.93%, 83.29% and 72.97%, respectively for Hindi. Experiments also show that the classifier ensemble identified by the proposed multiobjective based approach outperforms all the individual classifiers, two different baseline ensembles and a classifier ensemble identified by the single objective genetic algorithm (GA) based approach.
Assembly of the Inner Kinetochore Proteins CENP‐A and CENP‐B in Living Human Cells

DNA segregation in mammalian cells during mitosis is an essential cellular process that is mediated by a specific subchromosomal protein complex, the kinetochore. Malfunction of this complex results in aneuploidy and can cause cancer. A subkinetochore complex, the “inner kinetochore”, is present at the centromere during the entire cell cycle. Its location seems to be defined by the settlement of CENP‐A (CENH3), which replaces histone H3 in centromeric nucleosomes. This suggests that CENP‐A can recruit further inner kinetochore proteins by direct binding. Surprisingly, intense in vitro studies could not identify an interaction of CENP‐A with any other inner kinetochore protein. Instead, centromere identity seems to be maintained by a unique nucleosome, which might have a modified structure or epigenetic state that serves to distinguish the centromere from the rest of the chromosome. We investigated the association of CENP‐A and CENP‐B by fluorescence intensity and lifetime‐based FRET measurements in living human HEp‐2 cells. We observed Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between CENP‐A and CENP‐B at centromere locations; this indicates that these proteins are in the molecular vicinity (<10 nm) of each other. In addition, we analysed protein–protein interactions within the centromeric nucleosome. We could detect energy transfer between CENP‐A and histone H4 as well as between CENP‐A molecules themselves. On the other hand, no FRET was detected between CENP‐A and H2A.1 or H3.1. Our data support the view that two CENP‐A molecules are packed with H4, but not with H3, in a single centromeric nucleosome.
Cystic retroperitoneal renal hilar ancient schwannoma: Report of a rare case with atypical presentation masquerading as simple cyst

Schwannoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of neural origin arising from the Schwann cells of the neural sheath. It has rarely been reported in renal or perirenal region. The preoperative diagnosis has mostly been confused with renal cell carcinoma in this location in most previous reports. We report a case that presented with a large “simple cystic” mass at the renal hilum. The preoperative differential diagnosis included hilar renal cortical cyst, renal sinus cyst, ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), or even a hydatid cyst. The final diagnosis was clinched only on histopathological examination.
Munc13-4 Is a Rab11-binding Protein That Regulates Rab11-positive Vesicle Trafficking and Docking at the Plasma Membrane*

The small GTPase Rab11 and its effectors control trafficking of recycling endosomes, receptor replenishment and the up-regulation of adhesion and adaptor molecules at the plasma membrane. Despite recent advances in the understanding of Rab11-regulated mechanisms, the final steps mediating docking and fusion of Rab11-positive vesicles at the plasma membrane are not fully understood. Munc13-4 is a docking factor proposed to regulate fusion through interactions with SNAREs. In hematopoietic cells, including neutrophils, Munc13-4 regulates exocytosis in a Rab27a-dependent manner, but its possible regulation of other GTPases has not been explored in detail. Here, we show that Munc13-4 binds to Rab11 and regulates the trafficking of Rab11-containing vesicles. Using a novel Time-resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) assay, we demonstrate that Munc13-4 binds to Rab11a but not to dominant negative Rab11a. Immunoprecipitation analysis confirmed the specificity of the interaction between Munc13-4 and Rab11, and super-resolution microscopy studies support the interaction of endogenous Munc13-4 with Rab11 at the single molecule level in neutrophils. Vesicular dynamic analysis shows the common spatio-temporal distribution of Munc13-4 and Rab11, while expression of a calcium binding-deficient mutant of Munc13-4 significantly affected Rab11 trafficking. Munc13-4-deficient neutrophils showed normal endocytosis, but the trafficking, up-regulation, and retention of Rab11-positive vesicles at the plasma membrane was significantly impaired. This correlated with deficient NADPH oxidase activation at the plasma membrane in response to Rab11 interference. Our data demonstrate that Munc13-4 is a Rab11-binding partner that regulates the final steps of Rab11-positive vesicle docking at the plasma membrane.
Expression of occludin in human rectal carcinoid tumours as a possible marker for glandular differentiation

Aims: To examine whether or not the tight junction‐associated transmembrane protein occludin is expressed in rosette or gland‐like structures in human rectal carcinoid tumours. The tight junction is crucial for the formation and maintenance of organized tubular structures in glandular epithelia. Previous studies have reported the presence of glandular structures in carcinoid tumours, though they are not believed to arise from glandular epithelium.
The Last Man Who Knew Everything

No one has given the polymath Thomas Young (1773–1829) the all-round examination he so richly deserves—until now. Celebrated biographer Andrew Robinson portrays a man who solved mystery after mystery in the face of ridicule and rejection, and never sought fame. As a physicist, Young challenged the theories of Isaac Newton and proved that light is a wave. As a physician, he showed how the eye focuses and proposed the three-colour theory of vision, only confirmed a century and a half later. As an Egyptologist, he made crucial contributions to deciphering the Rosetta Stone. It is hard to grasp how much Young knew. This biography is the fascinating story of a driven yet modest hero who cared less about what others thought of him than for the joys of an unbridled pursuit of knowledge—with a new foreword by Martin Rees and a new postscript discussing polymathy in the two centuries since the time of Young. It returns this neglected genius to his proper position in the pantheon of great scientific thinkers.
Recognition instructions and recognition practice can alter the confidence--response time relationship.

Three face-recognition experiments examined how instructions for a recognition test (e.g., emphasize speed or emphasize accuracy) can impact the confidence-response time relationship for episodic memory reports. In all 3 experiments, the confidence-response time correlation was smaller when participants were told to speed up their responding rate, which suggests that participants in these conditions relied less on the artificially compressed response times in forming their confidence judgments than they would under "normal" circumstances. Also, recognition practice before the final memory test eliminated the effect of the recognition instruction manipulation. These results support J. S. Shaw's (1996) suggestion that witnesses rely in part on the fluency of their memory reports when generating confidence judgments, and these findings have important implications for understanding the relationships among witness confidence, accuracy, and response time.
Platooning on a string of intersections: A functional combination of platooning and traffic-adaptive intersection control

Congestion and emissions have lately been termed as one of the major challenges for the urban traffic network through various governmental bodies. In this work, a potential solution to this, namely a functional combination between platooning and traffic- adaptive intersection control is first developed and then evaluated. The evaluation is concerned with the expected congestion and emission savings on a 6-km- long provincial road over a period of 60 minutes. For the purpose of evaluation a VISSIM simulation is em- ployed, calibrated and executed. The simulation results show that the proposed combination of platooning and JUNO, a traffic-adaptive intersection controller, allows for emission savings of 7.85 g/km and an increase in average velocity of 1.04 km/h when compared to conventional cars and model-predictive control. The work is embedded in a high-level context and concluded with a policy-development framework that can help to promote the proposed technical design.