Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water Resources Contribution To Economic Growth In Erdos City: Model And Demonstration

Erdos City has been one of the fastest growing economic regions in China in the past twenty years, whose average annual economic growth rate has exceeded 20%. However, water resources shortage is becoming increasingly significant in constraint on social development and has gradually developed to be one of primary weakest factors. Based on the analysis of main factors promoting economic growth in Erdos City with Cobb-Douglas production function in economics, the economic growth model involving water resources availability and coal output has been established and the data conversion method considering water consumption efficiency and water consumption structural change has been proposed. In this way, it has made up for the deficiency of failing to fully consider the contribution of water consumption efficiency improvement and water consumption structural change to economic growth in the past researches. What have been discovered in the simulation and analysis of water resources contribution to economic growth in Erdos City from 1980 to 2010 as follows: (1) Water resources average contribution rate to economic growth in Erdos City in the past 30 years is 8.26%; (2) Consumption efficiency and structural change of water resources have played an important role in promoting economic development; (3) Water resources contribution to economic growth has shown a gradually increasing trend that the average contribution rates in the three decades are 1.87%, 9.69% and 10.09% respectively. The trend is closely connected with constantly increased gross water consumption, obvious improvement of water consumption efficiency and gradual upgrading of water consumption structure in the local area. It also has reflected that water resources have played an increasingly significant role in constraint on regional economic social development.
Children's ability to answer different types of questions.

Young children answer many questions every day. The extent to which they do this in an adult-like way - following Grice's Maxim of Quantity by providing the requested information, no more no less - has been studied very little. In an experiment, we found that two-, three- and four-year-old children are quite skilled at answering argument-focus questions and predicate-focus questions with intransitives in which their response requires only a single element. But predicate-focus questions for transitives - requiring both the predicate and the direct object - are difficult for children below four years of age. Even more difficult for children this young are sentence-focus questions such as "What's happening? ", which give the child no anchor in given information around which to structure their answer. In addition, in a corpus study, we found that parents ask their children predicate-focus and sentence-focus questions very infrequently, thus giving children little experience with them.
Microlensing and its Degeneracy Breakers: Parallax, Finite Source, High-resolution Imaging, and Astrometry

First proposed by Paczynski in 1986, microlensing has been instrumental in the search of compact dark matter as well as discovery and characterization of exoplanets. In this article, we provide a brief history of microlensing, especially on the discoveries of compact objects and exoplanets. We then review the basics of microlensing and how astrometry can help break the degeneracy, providing a more robust determination of the nature of the microlensing events. We also outline prospects that will be made by on-going and forth-coming experiments/observatories
Importance of Time and Place: Patterns in Abundance of Symbiodinium Clades A and B in the Tropical Sea Anemone Condylactis gigantea

The capacity of some corals and other cnidarians to form symbioses with multiple algae (Symbiodinium) is a candidate route by which these symbioses tolerate variable environmental conditions. On Bermuda, the coral reef dwelling anemone Condylactis gigantea bears Symbiodinium of clades A and B. At thermally variable inshore and nearshore sites, clade A predominates (as sole symbiont or in mixed infection with clade B), whereas animals at offshore sites with more uniform temperatures bear only clade B or mixed infections. Individual animals at one nearshore site monitored over a year by sampling tentacles showed increased prevalence of clade A in March-November, when sea waters were warm (average 26 °C), and increased clade B in November-March when cool waters prevailed (average 18.5 °C). In laboratory analyses of excised tentacles, the symbiosis with clade B, but not clade A, bleached at elevated temperature (32 °C), suggesting that thermal tolerance may contribute to the higher prevalence of clade A at inshore/nearshore sites and in the summer. The temporal changes in the algal complement were not accompanied by bleaching, and Symbiodinium density fluctuated in hosts with stable Symbiodinium composition but not in hosts with variable composition. This suggests that changes in the relative abundance of Symbiodinium clades do not require bleaching and may even protect the symbiosis from large fluctuations in algal density.
Glutamate Alterations Associated With Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Youth Depression: A Case Series

Objective We hypothesized an increase in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) glutamate levels would occur after 3 weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment and a decrease in major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms. Methods We report 6 patients (4 females) 15 to 21 years of age with treatment-resistant MDD. Participants had a mean (SD) age of 18.7 (1.95) years and a mean (SD) IQ of 102.3 (3.39). Short echo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to quantify glutamate levels in the left DLPFC (4.5 cc) before and after rTMS treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was localized to the left DLPFC and applied for 15 consecutive weekdays (120% resting motor threshold; 40 pulses over 4 seconds [10 Hz]; intertrain interval, 26 seconds; 75 trains; 3000 pulses). Treatment response was defined as a greater than 50% reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. Short echo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy data were analyzed with LCModel to determine glutamate concentration. Results After rTMS, treatment responders (n = 4) showed an increase (relative to baseline) in left DLPFC glutamate levels (11%), which corresponded to an improvement in depressive symptom severity (68% Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score reduction). Treatment nonresponders (n = 2) had elevated baseline glutamate levels compared to responders in that same region, which decreased with rTMS (−10%). Procedures were generally well tolerated with no adverse events. Conclusions Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is feasible and possibly efficacious in adolescents with MDD. In responders, rTMS may act by induced elevations in elevating DFPLC glutamate levels in the left DLPFC, thereby leading to symptom improvement.
Packaged X-band filter with optimized interconnects [Technical Committee]

As part of a student contest at the International Microwave Symposium 2008 in Atlanta, a packaged X-band filter was designed and fabricated. The passive component had to be realized in a planar technology and integrated into a provided metal package, the passband being defined from 7,145-7,235 MHz with an insertion loss less than 5 dB and a return loss better than 15 dB. The filter should exhibit a stopband in the range from 8,400-8,500 MHz with an attenuation of more than 45 dB. In the following, the individual challenges during the design and fabrication as well as their solutions are described.
Skeletal complications in cancer patients with bone metastases

As a result of significant improvements in current therapies, the life expectancy of cancer patients with bone metastases has dramatically improved. Unfortunately, these patients often experience skeletal complications that significantly impair their quality of life. The major skeletal complications associated with bone metastases include: cancer‐induced bone pain, hypercalcemia, pathological bone fractures, metastatic epidural spinal cord compression and cancer cachexia. Once cancer cells invade the bone, they perturb the normal physiology of the marrow microenvironment, resulting in bone destruction, which is believed to be a direct cause of skeletal complications. However, full understanding of the mechanisms responsible for these complications remains unknown. In the present review, we discuss the complications associated with bone metastases along with matched conventional therapeutic strategies. A better understanding of this topic is crucial, as targeting skeletal complications can improve both the morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from bone metastases.
SPH Based Shallow Water Simulation

We present an efﬁcient method that uses particles to solve the 2D shallow water equations. These equations describe the dynamics of a body of water represented by a height ﬁeld. Instead of storing the surface heights using uniform grid cells, we discretize the ﬂuid with 2D SPH particles and compute the height according to the density at each particle location. The particle discretization offers the beneﬁts that it simpliﬁes the use of sparsely ﬁlled domains and arbitrary boundary geometry. Our solver can handle terrain slopes and supports two-way coupling of the particle-based height ﬁeld with rigid objects. An improved surface deﬁnition is presented that reduces visible bumps related to the underlying particle representation. It furthermore smoothes areas with separating particles to achieve better rendering results. Both the physics and the rendering are implemented on modern GPUs resulting in interactive performances in all our presented examples.
Evaluation of signal smoothing algorithms for stability of a quadrotor MAV

The control of mobile robots involves the use of wireless signals. In this paper, we compare and evaluate the real time performance of multiple smoothing algorithms for a pulse width modulated digital signal on an Arduino Uno microcontroller board. The input signal is generated in a real world setting via a manually controlled RC transmitter-receiver setup. The signal smoothing is performed on the input signal and performance is evaluated in terms of standard deviation and signal to noise ratio. We also focus on the needs of a critical real-time system, a remotely piloted UAV, and perform a secondary analysis in terms of mean run time and signal accuracy to find the most suitable algorithm.
Distribution methods of web pages and testing

Publishing the contents through internet we need a medium i.e Web browser. Hyper Text Markup Language is very helpful for writing the web contents and by the help of web browsers we publish our page on net. It is invented as an application so that people can take advantage to view immobile web pages in succession. Technologies improves and the web sites gain more advance features and have dynamic web applications with the exchanging of contents from other websites, similarly browsers features have turn out to be multi-principal operating surroundings with shared resources with commonly trustable web site principals. Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozila Firefox and many more have a multiple key principal operating system assembly that gives a facility of web browser. The constrained control to supervise the protection of all machine resources for the collected web page is based on the defined rules. An intranet is not a public network with the surfing limitation to one organization. It uses the same technical principles and procedure as the international public internet. Internet is the most apparent opportunity for publishing the web pages but we may need to limit the sharing of our web pages to a local internet inside the group, instead of making this web page availability for public. We can share out our web pages on local memory of personal computer or server. This paper covers all the publishing options and offers guidance for designing web page and the distribution methods. It also covers the basics testing methods of published web pages.
Venue Appropriateness Prediction for Personalized Context-Aware Venue Suggestion

Personalized context-aware venue suggestion plays a critical role in satisfying the users' needs on location-based social networks (LBSNs). In this paper, we present a set of novel scores to measure the similarity between a user and a candidate venue in a new city. The scores are based on user's history of preferences in other cities as well as user's context. We address the data sparsity problem in venue recommendation with the aid of a proposed approach to predict contextually appropriate places. Furthermore, we show how to incorporate different scores to improve the performance of recommendation. The experimental results of our participation in the TREC 2016 Contextual Suggestion track show that our approach beats state-of-the-art strategies.
CELLULAR ANALYSIS OF S100ß AND FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR-2 IN THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA AND SCIATIC NERVE OF RODENTS. FOCUS ON PARACRINE ACTIONS OF ACTIVATED SATELLITE CELLS AFTER AXOTOMY

The role of satellite cells, a type of peripheral glia, in the paracrine mechanisms related to neuronal maintenance and plasticity in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) needs to be further investigated. This study employed immunohistochemistry and image analysis to investigate basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2) and S100ß immunoreactivities in the DRG and sciatic nerve of the rat and mouse. Well-characterized antibodies against bovine (residues 1–24) and rat (residues 1–23) FGF-2 were employed. Furthermore, the state of satellite cell reaction and changes in the FGF-2/S100ß immunoreactivity were analyzed after axotomy of rat sciatic nerve. Scattered neurons and the majority of the satellite cells of the rat DRG and also Schwann cells of the rat sciatic nerve stained for S100ß. In the mouse, strong S100ß was encountered in the majority of sensory neurons and Schwann cells. Moderate FGF-2 (residues 1–24) immunoreactivity was found in scattered small size neurons of the rat DRG. A strong FGF-2 (residues 1–23) immunoreactivity was achieved in the satellite cells of rat DRG. Both FGF-2 antisera showed strong labeling in the mouse DRG sensory neurons. Activated satellite cells of the axotomized DRG possessed increased amount of FGF-2 and S100ß immunoreactivity as demonstrated by quantitative image analysis. The proximal stump of the lesioned rat sciatic nerve showed increased FGF-2 (residues 1–24 and 1–23) in the Schwann cells, myelin sheaths, and neuronal fibers, without changes in the level of S100ß immunoreactivity. Results suggested a possible interaction between FGF-2 and S100ß in activated satellite cells of the DRG, which might trigger paracrine actions in the axotomized sensory neurons.
Identification of environmental Vibrio vulnificus isolates with a DNA probe for the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene

We screened 44 lactose-positive Vibrio strains isolated from the marine environment for homology with a 3.2-kilobase DNA fragment encoding the Vibrio vulnificus cytotoxin-hemolysin gene. All 29 marine isolates identified as V. vulnificus on the basis of numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA hybridization studies hybridized with the cytotoxin gene probe, as did all V. vulnificus reference strains. Homologous gene sequences were identified in no other lactose-positive marine vibrio isolates nor in 10 other Vibrio species.
Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Hebrew translation (PSQI-H) in a sleep clinic sample.

BACKGROUND The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a standardized self-administered questionnaire for the assessment of subjective sleep quality. It has been translated into several languages and is widely used in clinical research studies. OBJECTIVES To assess the reliability and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Hebrew translation in a sleep clinic sample and in comparison with the Technion Mini Sleep Questionnaire. METHODS The PSQI was translated into Hebrew based on standard guidelines. The final Hebrew version (PSQI-H) was administered to 450 patients from two sleep clinics and to 61 healthy adults from the community as a non-clinical control sample. The MSQ was administered to 130 patients in one sleep clinic. RESULTS For the PSQI-H, Cronbach's-alpha scores for sleep clinic and non-clinical samples were 0.70 and 0.52 respectively and 0.72 combined. Clinical sample scores were significantly higher than the non-clinical group, indicating lower sleep quality for the former. Significant correlations were found between the MSQ subscores and PSQI-H component scores for common underlying constructs. CONCLUSIONS The PSQI-H differentiated between clinical and non-clinical samples and showed adequate reliability and good validity. It may be used as a standardized tool for the assessment of subjective sleep quality in clinical research studies conducted in the Hebrew-speaking population.
Computer-Assessed Preference-Based Quality of Life in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

Objectives Our aims were to (1) measure quality of life (QoL) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients using different methods and analyze differences; (2) enable targeted treatments by identifying variables that affect QoL; and (3) provide decision-makers with useful data for cost-utility analyses in SCI population. Methods Seventy-one participants were enrolled. The computer-based tool UceWeb was used to elicit QoL in terms of utility coefficients, through the standard gamble, time trade-off, and rating scale methods. The SF36 questionnaire was also administered. Statistical analyses were performed to find predictors of QoL among collected variables. Results Median values for rating scale, time trade-off, and standard gamble were 0.60, 0.82, and 0.85, respectively. All scales were significantly correlated. Rating scale and SF36 provided similar values, significantly lower than the other methods. Impairment level, male gender, older age, living alone, and higher education were correlated with lower QoL but accounted for only 20% of the variation in utility coefficients. Conclusions Demographic and clinical variables are useful to predict QoL but do not completely capture utility coefficients variability. Therefore, direct preference-based utility elicitation should be strengthened. Finally, this is the first study providing data that can be used as a reference for cost-utility analyses in the Italian SCI population.
Generating Captions for Medical Images with a Deep Learning Multi-hypothesis Approach: ImageCLEF 2017 Caption Task

In this report, we summarize our solution to the ImageCLEF 2017 caption detection task. ImageCLEF’s concept detection task provides a testbed for figure caption prediction oriented systems using medical concepts as sentence level descriptions for images, extracted from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) dataset. The goal of the task is to efficiently identify the relevant medical concepts from medical images as a predictor of figure captions. For representing the images we used a very deep Convolutional Neural Network, namely ResNet– 152 pre-trained on ImageNet and a binary annotation of the concepts. In the concept detection subtask, MedGIFT–UPB group occupied the 3rd place out of 9 groups. the proposed approach obtained the 12th position according to the f1 score (0.89) out of 20 participant runs (runs without external resources). The paper presents the procedure employed, and provides an analysis of the obtained evaluation results. The results were showed the difficulty of the task when not using any other external resources.
A Distributional View of Discourse Encapsulation: Multifactorial Prediction of Coreference Density in RST

Early formulations of discourse coherence constraints postulated a connection between coreference likelihood and distance within a discourse parse, e.g. in the framework of Veins Theory (Cristea et al. 1998%CristeaIdeRomary1998), which proposes that coreference is expected to be encapsulated within tightly linked areas of discourse parses, called Domains of Referential Accessibility (DRAs). Using an RST dependency representation, this paper expands on previous work showing the relevance of DRAs to coreference likelihood. We develop a multifactorial model using both rhetorical and surface distance metrics, as well as confounds such as unit length and genre, and direct versus indirect rhetorical paths. We also explore coreferential accessibility as it applies to less studied types of coreference, including bridging and lexical coreference. The results show that rhetorical and surface distance, as well as direct linking, all influence coreference likelihood, and should not be treated as mutually exclusive or redundant metrics. Finally, we incorporate RST relation-specific tendencies that offer a more fine-grained model of coreference accessibility.
Trust, Trustworthiness, and Business Success: Lab and Field Findings from Entrepreneurs

This article contributes to the literature on trust and small businesses in developing countries by linking the level of trust in others that entrepreneurs display in a lab setting to sales data outside of the lab. The results show a robust positive correlation between trust and business success (with sales used as a measure of success): The successful entrepreneurs invested in trust more than the less successful ones did. In the lab, trusting in others is highly profitable, with successful entrepreneurs doing so to the degree required to maximize revenue. However, I found no association between trustworthiness and business success.
Forecast and analysis of oil production in China based on system dynamics

China's ultimate recoverable reserves which are the resource base affecting oil production are forecasted and analyzed;system dynamics model for oil production forecasting is built based on basic principles of system dynamics;and parameters of variables such as the oil recovery rate of remaining recoverable reserves in the model are determined.Forecast results show that the ultimate recoverable reserves of oil in China are between 123 and 143 million tons,and the average amount is 134 million tons. Furthermore,the oil production in China has entered the stage of plateau,and the peak production will be 192 million tons in around 2015.The future reserve/production ratio of oil will slowly decline,and it will be below 10 years in 2042 for the first time.
Hyperdynamic circulation in a chronic murine schistosomiasis model of portal hypertension

Chronic murine schistosomiasis is a natural disease model of portal hypertension closely mimicking the clinical and histological features of human hepatic schistosomiasis. We studied the splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics in the murine model of schistosomiasis by radioactive microsphere technique. Mice infected with 60 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (n = 8) were studied hemodynamically 11 wk after the infection and were compared with age‐matched healthy controls (n = 11). Mean portal venous inflow in the infected mice (3.82 ± 0.32 ml/min) was 61% higher than in the healthy animals (2.37 ± 0.25 ml/min; p < 0.01). A twofold increase in hepatic arterial flow was also seen in mice with schistosomiasis (0.47 ± 0.14 ml/min) as compared with controls (0.16 ± 0.03 ml/min; p < 0.05), whereas splanchnic arteriolar resistance (60.91 ± 7.64 vs. 101.21 ± 11.06 mm Hg · min · ml−1. gm; p < 0.05) and peripheral vascular resistance (112.05 ± 14.05 vs 254.53 ± 29.86 mm Hg · min ml−1 · gm; p < 0.01) were reduced. There was a significant increase in cardiac index (752 ± 99 vs. 453 ± 55 ml · min−1 · kg body weight−1; p < 0.05) and reduction in mean arterial pressure (81.37 ± 3.09 vs. 101.45 ± 5.85 mm Hg; p < 0.05) in the infected animals compared with controls. These observations clearly demonstrate the existence of a hyperdynamic circulatory state in this model of portal hypertension. (HEPATOLOGY 1991;13:581–584.)