Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online health information use by participants in selected senior centres in Korea: current status of internet access and health information use by Korean older adults.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to describe how older adult internet users from senior centres in Korea accessed and used health information on the internet and the perceived barriers that prevented internet use. BACKGROUND Increasingly, patients are using health-related information available on the internet. Internet based health information has influenced patient knowledge and expectations regarding healthcare. However, there are few studies about the use of internet for health information by older adults, and even less is known about older adults in Korea. DESIGN Based on the Access to Information framework developed by McCreadie and Rice, this quantitative study with a qualitative adjunct explored the older adults' use of internet for health information. METHODS A convenience sample of 91 community-dwelling older adults in Korea was recruited from 10 randomly selected senior centres, using the modified Kaiser Family Foundation Survey as the basis for structured interview. RESULTS Half of older internet users (n = 13) had used online health information and found it was helpful. Barriers to internet use were: no interest (90.8%); too complicated (75%); no experience in using internet (∼50%); too expensive (∼50%); or disability (10%). Qualitative findings revealed that the prime reason for non-use of the internet was related to literacy and level of education due to historical background. CONCLUSIONS The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis supported that the internet users were relatively younger, more educated, male, had a higher income, received more support from others and all from large senior centres. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study is important because the results can provide valuable insights into the potential for health education and health communication for older adults in Korea using the internet. It could affect health promotion, policy and education for older adults in Korea.
Cheetah-cub-S: Steering of a quadruped robot using trunk motion

A reliable concept for steering was realized by integrating a spine-like structure with one DoF into a quadruped robot - Cheetah-cub-S. We increased maneuverability dramatically compared to a robot with rigid spine, while keeping controlling effort low. The robot weights 1160 g at 0.1 m (height), 0.105 m (width) and 0.205 m (length). Based on qualitative tests, it is able to run 0.36 m/s and turn within a radius of 0.51 m (equivalent to 2.48 body lengths) at 0.31 m/s (equivalent to 34°/s). We could steer the quadruped around three objects in a 7.13 m (23 s @ 0.31 m/s) slalom within our test area. Due to its modularity, Cheetah-cub-S is a versatile mobile platform and components such as the spine segment, legs, motors or steering mechanism can be exchanged, leading to easier development of even higher performing robot-versions.
Open source multi-platform NooJ for NLP

The purpose of this demo is to introduce the linguistic development tool NooJ. The tool has been in development for a number of years and it has a solid community of computational linguists developing grammars in two dozen languages ranging from Arabic to Vietnamese . Despite its manifest capabilities and reputation, its appeal within the wider HLT community was limited by the fact that it was confined to the . NET framework and it was not open source. However, under the auspices of the CESAR project it has recently been turned open source and a JAVA and a MONO version have been produced. In our view this significant development justifies a concise but thorough description of the system, demonstrating its potential for deployment in a wide variety of settings and purposes. The paper describes the history, the architecture, main functionalities and potential of the system for teaching, research and application development.
Coagulofibrinolytic Changes in Patients with Post-cardiac Arrest Syndrome

Whole-body ischemia and reperfusion due to cardiac arrest and subsequent return of spontaneous circulation constitute post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), which consists of four syndromes including systemic ischemia/reperfusion responses and post-cardiac arrest brain injury. The major pathophysiologies underlying systemic ischemia/reperfusion responses are systemic inflammatory response syndrome and increased coagulation, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which clinically manifests as obstruction of microcirculation and multiple organ dysfunction. In particular, thrombotic occlusion in the brain due to DIC, referred to as the “no-reflow phenomenon,” may be deeply involved in post-cardiac arrest brain injury, which is the leading cause of mortality in patients with PCAS. Coagulofibrinolytic changes in patients with PCAS are characterized by tissue factor-dependent coagulation, which is accelerated by impaired anticoagulant mechanisms, including antithrombin, protein C, thrombomodulin, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) accelerate not only tissue factor-dependent coagulation but also the factor XII- and factor XI-dependent activation of coagulation. Inflammatory cytokines are also involved in these changes via the expression of tissue factor on endothelial cells and monocytes, the inhibition of anticoagulant systems, and the release of neutrophil elastase from neutrophils activated by inflammatory cytokines. Hyperfibrinolysis in the early phase of PCAS is followed by inadequate endogenous fibrinolysis and fibrinolytic shutdown by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Moreover, cell-free DNA, which is also a DAMP, plays a pivotal role in the inhibition of fibrinolysis. DIC diagnosis criteria or fibrinolysis markers, including d-dimer and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, which are commonly tested in patients and easily accessible, can be used to predict the mortality or neurological outcome of PCAS patients with high accuracy. A number of studies have explored therapy for this unique pathophysiology since the first report on “no-reflow phenomenon” was published roughly 50 years ago. However, the optimum therapeutic strategy focusing on the coagulofibrinolytic changes in cardiac arrest or PCAS patients has not yet been established. The elucidation of more precise pathomechanisms of coagulofibrinolytic changes in PCAS may aid in the development of novel therapeutic targets, leading to an improvement in the outcomes of PCAS patients.
Assessing Biofuel Crop Invasiveness: A Case Study

Background There is widespread interest in biofuel crops as a solution to the world's energy needs, particularly in light of concerns over greenhouse-gas emissions. Despite reservations about their adverse environmental impacts, no attempt has been made to quantify actual, relative or potential invasiveness of terrestrial biofuel crops at an appropriate regional or international scale, and their planting continues to be largely unregulated. Methodology/Principal Findings Using a widely accepted weed risk assessment system, we analyzed a comprehensive list of regionally suitable biofuel crops to show that seventy percent have a high risk of becoming invasive versus one-quarter of non-biofuel plant species and are two to four times more likely to establish wild populations locally or be invasive in Hawaii or in other locations with a similar climate. Conclusions/Significance Because of climatic and ecological similarities, predictions of biofuel crop invasiveness in Hawaii are applicable to other vulnerable island and subtropical ecosystems worldwide. We demonstrate the utility of an accessible and scientifically proven risk assessment protocol that allows users to predict if introduced species will become invasive in their region of interest. Other evidence supports the contention that propagule pressure created by extensive plantings will exacerbate invasions, a scenario expected with large-scale biofuel crop cultivation. Proactive measures, such as risk assessments, should be employed to predict invasion risks, which could then be mitigated via implementation of appropriate planting policies and adoption of the “polluter-pays” principle.
Mathematical Models of Criminal Careers

Theories in criminology rarely make exact quantitative predictions that can be tested empirically. This article reviews mathematical models of criminal careers, which are simple theories that fit a wide variety of empirical data. It focuses on the work of Blumstein and his colleagues in the 1980s and on the more recent research of MacLeod, Grove, and Farrington. Criminal career data can be fitted by simple assumptions specifying that the frequency of offending and the probability of recidivism are constant over time and that there are two or three categories of offenders who differ in these parameters. These theories also predict future offending. It is useful to build on these simple mathematical models to predict a wider range of criminological results and convert criminology into a more predictive and accurate science.
Opportunistic Sensor Networks: A survey on privacy and secure routing

With the advancement of mobile devices, a new paradigm called opportunistic sensor networks emerges which has a lot of applications, such as Military surveillance, disaster relief, search and rescue, vehicle tracking and much more. Opportunistic Sensor Network (OSN) has become one of the actively researched areas motivating researchers to come up with routing strategies and securing the routing with different lightweight techniques. In this paper, the focus is mainly on security and privacy mechanisms in opportunistic sensor networks keeping Military as a viewpoint. This paper is a pioneer attempt to classify most of the existing protocols in OSN also discusses the security requirements, threats, challenges and constraints posed by the opportunistic sensor network due to its intermittent, infrastructure-based or infrastructure-less nature. It also presents a clear distinction between Infrastructure-based and Infrastructure-less types of routing followed by a various technique. Finally, it concludes with the discussion of most of the algorithms used to achieve privacy and security in an opportunistic sensor network with suitable security achievements and security concerns.
Varieties of semantic ‘access’ deficit in Wernicke’s aphasia and semantic aphasia

Comprehension deficits are common in both Wernicke’s aphasia and semantic aphasia. Thompson et al. compare these groups of patients on a task in which related items are repeatedly presented, increasing semantic competition across repetitions. Both groups show semantic impairment, but only individuals with prefrontal damage show harmful effects of repetition.
Autoradiographic Evidence That QNB Displays in Vivo Selectivity for the m2 Subtype

Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves selective loss of muscarinic m2, but not m1, subtype neuroreceptors in cortical and hippocampal regions of the human brain. Emission tomographic study of the loss of m2 receptors in AD is limited by the fact that there is currently no available m2-selective radioligand which can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. We have previously reported the results of in vivo dissection studies, using both carrier-free and low specific activity [3H]QNB, which show that [3H]QNB exhibits a substantial in vivo m2 selectivity. Because of the expense of the radioligand and the long exposure time required for the X-ray film, performing a large number of direct in vivo autoradiographic studies using [3H]QNB is precluded. Therefore, we now confirm these results autoradiographically by studying the in vivo inhibition of radio-iodinated (R)-3-quinuclidinyl (S)-4-iodobenzilate ((R,S)-[125I]IQNB) binding by unlabeled QNB. In the absence of QNB, (R,S)-[125I]IQNB labels brain regions in proportion to the total muscarinic receptor concentration; in the presence of 15 nmol QNB, (R,S,)-[125I]IQNB labeling in those brain regions containing predominantly m2 subtype is reduced to background levels. We conclude that QNB is m2-selective in vivo and that a suitably radiolabeled derivative of QNB, possibly labeled with 18F, may be of potential use in positron emission tomographic study of the loss of m2 receptors in AD.
SRS 4 promoter from Glycine max and its expression activity in transgenic tobacco

The regulatory region of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit gene SRS4 from soybean (Glycine max) was cloned using TAIL-PCR and general PCR, and named the rbcS promoter. The promoter was fused with the GUS gene and introduced into Nicotiana tabacum via Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disk transformation. In 4-week-old transgenic tobacco plants, the highest GUS expression levels were observed in the leaves, GUS activity was 7.13and 7.40-fold higher in leaves than in stems and roots, respectively. Moreover, GUS activity was stimulated by light. In conclusion, spatial and light regulation of the soybean rbcS promoter was observed in N. tabacum, thus illustrating a leaf-specific and light-induced promoter.
Bacterial and fungal organisms in the vagina of normal cows and cows with vaginitis

Bacterial and Fungal Organisms in the Vagina of Normal Cows and Cows with Vaginitis. (December 2003) James Ross Husted, B.S. Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. R. Bruce Simpson Previous studies on infections of the reproductive tract in various animal species have focused on uterine and cervical infections. This study defined the bacterial flora from the vaginal fornix of 110 cows, with 55 exhibiting clinically healthy vaginas, and 55 demonstrating vaginitis. Aerobic, anaerobic, microaerophilic, and fungi cultures were done. In addition, cultures were performed for Campylobacter sp. , Ureaplasma sp. , Mycoplasma sp. and Tritrichomonas foetus. All 110 vaginal samples contained mixed aerobic bacterial cultures. The most frequent aerobic organisms isolated were Acinetobacter lwoffii, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium spp. , and Streptococcus spp. These organisms were isolated in both sampling groups, but more frequently from the vaginitis samples. Anaerobic isolates included Peptostreptococcus spp. and Prevotella spp. Ureaplasma sp. , Mycoplasma sp. , and Tritrichomonas fetus were not isolated in this study. There were not any true microaerophilic organisms isolated. Fungal isolates included Aspergillus sp. , Mucor sp. , and Penicillium sp. The clinical diagnosis of vaginitis was confirmed by histological results in 35 (64%) of the vaginitis samples.
Diagnostic work‐up of acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by a clonal expansion of undifferentiated myeloid precursors resulting in impaired hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) published revisions to the classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias. Similar to the 2008 classification, the updated classification incorporates clinical features, morphology, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetics, with greater emphasis on molecular genetics, to define disease entities. This brief review addresses the various components of pathologic assessment to establish a diagnosis of AML and to help risk stratify patients, with an emphasis on newer techniques used in the detection of mutations with prognostic significance, as well as assays employed in the evaluation of minimal residual disease following treatment.
Influence of English-language Proficiency on the Cognitive Processing of Survey Questions

When recruiting respondents for cognitive interviews testing translated survey questionnaires, researchers often recommend interviewing monolingual non-English speakers because they are the likely users of the translations. However, these individuals are hard to recruit, and there is no standard definition of monolingual. Using cognitive interview data collected from pretesting of Chinese and Korean translations of the American Community Survey Language Assistance Guide, we investigated whether there were differences in respondents’ understanding of survey questions according to their level of English proficiency and if such differences remained after considering demographic characteristics. We found that the types of issues reported by monolingual speakers and partially bilingual speakers were similar and that differences seemed to be driven by different demographic characteristics and not necessarily by language proficiency. Our findings suggest the value of evaluating translated questionnaires with individuals having diverse demographic characteristics and recruiting both monolingual speakers and partially bilingual speakers as research participants.
Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Observations of Low Vapor and Liquid Water Amounts in the Arctic Winter

Water vapor and cloud liquid measurements during cold and dry conditions are difficult because of the lack of sensitivity of conventional instruments to low amounts (Racette et al. 2005). On the other hand, millimeter (mm)and submillimeter (submm)-wavelength radiometry may offer a powerful tool to increase the sensitivity during Arctic conditions. In response to this need, the Microwave System Development branch of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Physical Science Division designed and developed a 25-channel radiometer operating in the mmand submm-wavelength spectral region. The instrument, called the Ground-based Scanning Radiometer (GSR), was first deployed during the Arctic Winter Radiometric Experiment (March–April 2004, see Westwater et al. 2006), held at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program’s North Slope of Alaska (NSA) site near Barrow, Alaska.
A Volterra filter for neuronal spike detection

The spike detection problem is cast into a delay estimation. Using elementary operational calculus, we obtain an explicit characterization of the spike locations, in terms of short time window iterated integrals of the noisy signal. From this characterization, we derive a joint spike detection and localization system where the decision function is implemented as the output of a digital Volterra filter. Simulation results using experimental data shows that the method compares favorably with one of the most successful one in the litterature.
Using Long-Term Structure to Retrieve Music: Representation and Matching

We present a measure of the similarity of the long-term structure of musical pieces. The system deals with raw polyphonic data. Through unsupervised learning, we generate an abstract representation of music the “texture score”. This “texture score” can be matched to other similar scores using a generalized edit distance, in order to assess structural similarity. We notably apply this algorithm to the retrieval of different interpretations of the same song within a music database.
Heart rate responses during the 6-minute walk test in pulmonary arterial hypertension

Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) exhibit a limited increase in stroke volume on exercise, and the heart rate (HR) increases may reflect the main mechanism that allows cardiac output to increase. The current prospective study documented the contribution of HR to the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) in idiopathic (IPAH) and nonidiopathic PAH. Eighty-three patients (46 IPAH and 37 nonidiopathic PAH) underwent haemodynamic evaluation and a 6MWD test. Chronotropic response (peak walking HR minus resting HR) and peripheral oxygen saturation were monitored. Fifty-seven patients were also assessed after 5±2 months of treatment (bosentan n = 38, epoprostenol n = 14, bosentan-epoprostenol n = 3, iloprost n = 2). Before treatment, the 6MWD was related to numerous demographic, haemodynamic and walking test characteristics. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the only factors significantly associated with the 6MWD were stroke volume and chronotropic response in both IPAH and nonidiopathic PAH patients. Following treatment, changes in 6MWD were significantly related to changes in chronotropic response in both IPAH and nonidiopathic PAH. In conclusion, baseline stroke volume and chronotropic response were independently associated with the 6-min walking distance in pulmonary arterial hypertension. The lack of chronotropic response may reflect the loss in normal physiological reserve in more unwell patients.
Morphology of compounds as standard words in persian through hidden Markov model and fuzzy method

Given the ability of fuzzy systems to make decisions in uncertainties such as morphology, and the huge number of studies conducted on morphology, this study first suggests a fuzzy morphology; then, it discusses the effectiveness of types of N-gram labeling methods to identify the role of words in Persian compounds. To find the optimal labeling, then, a new hybrid method is expressed for N-gram labeling. In relation to compound sentences, two independent roles including subject, governing predicate, predicate, object and complement and dependent roles including noun, adverb, governing genitives, genitives, bending, retroactive, apposition, exclamation and annunciator are studied. To compare the success rate of the proposed fuzzy method, existing HMM (hidden Markov model) is studied to identify the role of words in three different label types. The results of this comparison showed that the success rates of hybrid labeling and Bi-gram labeling are closed in both models. Thus, these two methods have been successful in both morphological models compared to Uni-gram labeling. It is worth noting, the highest success rate was related to fuzzy morphology and Bi-gram labeling.
Learning to Coordinate without Sharing Information

Researchers in the field of Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) have been developing efficient mechanisms to coordinate the activities of multiple autonomous agents. The need for coordination arises because agents have to share resources and expertise required to achieve their goals. Previous work in the area includes using sophisticated information exchange protocols, investigating heuristics for negotiation, and developing formal models of possibilities of conflict and cooperation among agent interests. In order to handle the changing requirements of continuous and dynamic environments, we propose learning as a means to provide additional possibilities for effective coordination. We use reinforcement learning techniques on a block pushing problem to show that agents can learn complimentary policies to follow a desired path without any knowledge about each other. We theoretically analyze and experimentally verify the effects of learning rate on system convergence, and demonstrate benefits of using learned coordination knowledge on similar problems. Reinforcement learning based coordination can be achieved in both cooperative and non-cooperative domains, and in domains with noisy communication channels and other stochastic characteristics that present a formidable challenge to using other coordination schemes.
4005-757-01 Introduction to Computer Vision Automatic Image Resizing

Today’s digital content is displayed on a diverse set of devices, ranging from large monitors of various aspect ratios, to small screens of cell phones or handheld devices. Existing display standards, such as HTML, support the ability to dynamically resize the composition of the page to enable viewing on different display sizes. During this resizing process, images always remain fixed in size. Memory size is also a consideration when transmitting images over wireless networks, such as cellular networks. The need for automatic image resizing arises. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of the currently available methods for automatic image resizing [4], [2], [3] and includes an implementation with results of the seam carving algorithm proposed by Avidan and Shamir [1].