Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization, cDNA cloning and expression pattern of relaxin gene during embryogenesis of Danio rerio

We report the identification, the cDNA cloning, the temporal and spatial expression pattern analysis of the rln gene in the zebrafish Danio rerio. The deduced Rln B and A domains show different evolutionary conservation. Rln B domain shows higher similarity when compared to zebrafish and human RLN3 B domain than human RLN1 and RLN2 B domain. Differently, the zebrafish Rln A domain shows relatively low amino acid sequence similarity when compared with the same sequences. The rln gene is transcribed both during embryogenesis and in adult organism, where higher transcript level has been particularly evidenced in the brain. Moreover, we provide the first description of rln spatial expression pattern during embryonic development. In particular, we show restricted transcript localization starting at the pharyngula stage in olfactory placode, branchial arch region, and in a cell cluster near to otic vesicle. In larval stage, new transcription territories have been detected in both neural and non‐neural regions. In particular, in the brain, rln expression has been revealed in telencephalic region around anterior commissure, in the preoptic area, and in restricted rombencephalic cell clusters. Expression of rln gene in extra‐neural territories has been detected in the pancreatic and thyroid gland regions. Danio rerio rln expression pattern analysis reveals shared features with the mammalian RLN gene, particularly in the brain, where it might have a role in the neurophysiological processes. In addition, expression in the thyroid and pancreas region suggests a function as a paracrine and endocrine hormone.
The Reassignment Planning for Maintenance and Repairment of Railway-Cars in Jinan Railway Bureau

This paper first analyzes a few problems deeply and thoroughly . According to the requirement for the car maintenance and repairment in the cause of the transport production in Jinan Railway Bureau, a transport programming was given out for the whole location of the car maintenance and repairment in Jinan West Car-depot with an analysis to the quantity of the car maintenance and repairment task. At the same time, we demonstrated how to set a correct decision-making in the face of new situations and new challenges, and how to optimize the production-organization and how to make a concrete reconstruction scheme in accordance with the railway development as a whole.
A Pseudo Single-Stage Amplifier With an Adaptively Varied Medium Impedance Node for Ultra-High Slew Rate and Wide-Range Capacitive-Load Drivability

This paper presents a pseudo single-stage (PSS) amplifier with an adaptively varied medium impedance node to achieve an ultra-high slew rate (SR) and at the same time stable operation in a wide capacitive load range. Owing to the characteristics of the proposed technique, this amplifier achieves a 1.1-to-8.67 V/μs slew rate and a 0.01-to-1.66 MHz unity gain frequency over a 0.1-to-15 nF capacitive load (CL) with an over 69° phase margin while consuming a total quiescent power of only 7.4 μW. This chip was fabricated in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with a silicon area of 0.0021 mm2.
Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase (PRKA) Activators Delay Meiotic Resumption in Porcine Oocytes1

Abstract Adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (PRKA) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a metabolic switch in a number of physiological functions. The present study was undertaken to assess the role of this kinase in nuclear maturation of porcine oocytes. RT-PCR and immunoblotting revealed the expression of the PRKAA1 subunit in granulosa cells, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC), and denuded oocytes (DO). Porcine COC and DO contained transcripts that corresponded to the expected sizes of the designed primers for PRKAB1 and PRKAG1. The PRKAA2 subunit was detected in granulosa cells and COC, whereas the PRKAG3 subunit was not detected in granulosa cells, COC or DO, whereas it was detected in the heart. The PRKAA1 protein was detected in granulosa cells, COC, DO, and zona pellucida (ZP). In the presence of the pharmacological activator of PRKA 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl 5'-monophosphate (ZMP), COC were transiently maintained in meiotic arrest in a fully reversible manner. This inhibitory effect was not observed in DO. Other known PRKA activators, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) and metformin, also blocked meiotic resumption in COC. In contrast to mouse oocytes, in which PRKA activators reverse the inhibitory effect of PDE3 inhibitors, this combination still blocked meiotic resumption in porcine COC. These results demonstrate that the meiotic resumption of porcine COC is transiently blocked by PRKA activators in a dose-dependent manner, and that this effect is dependent on PRKA activity in cumulus cells. The present study describes a new role for PRKA in regulating meiotic resumption in COC and strongly suggests that cumulus cells play an essential role in the control of porcine oocyte maturation through the PRKA metabolic switch.
LDA-based online topic detection using tensor factorization

In the information retrieval field, effective and efficient extraction of topics from large-scale online text streams is challenging because it is a fully unsupervised learning task without prior knowledge. Most previous studies have focused on how to analyse text corpus to extract topics, rarely considering time dimensions. In the present study, we approached topic detection as a temporal optimization problem. Here, we propose a novel approach to incremental topic detection, called online topic detection using tensor factorization (OTD-TF), which is based on latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). First, topics are obtained from the corpus in current time slices using LDA. Second, a topic tensor with a time dimension is constructed to identify the correlations between pairs of topics. Then, approximate topics are merged using TF. Finally, documents are reallocated to corresponding topic bins. By executing these steps continuously and incrementally, temporal topic detection can be achieved. In theoretical analyses and simulation experiments, OTD-TF outperformed other systems in terms of space and time complexity and achieved a high precision ratio. Our experimental evaluations also revealed interesting temporal patterns in topic emergence, development, extinction, burst and transience.
Crystal structures and proposed structural/functional classification of three protozoan proteins from the isochorismatase superfamily

We have determined the crystal structures of three homologous proteins from the pathogenic protozoans Leishmania donovani, Leishmania major, and Trypanosoma cruzi. We propose that these proteins represent a new subfamily within the isochorismatase superfamily (CDD classification cd004310). Their overall fold and key active site residues are structurally homologous both to the biochemically well‐characterized N‐carbamoylsarcosine‐amidohydrolase, a cysteine hydrolase, and to the phenazine biosynthesis protein PHZD (isochorismase), an aspartyl hydrolase. All three proteins are annotated as mitochondrial‐associated ribonuclease Mar1, based on a previous characterization of the homologous protein from L. tarentolae. This would constitute a new enzymatic activity for this structural superfamily, but this is not strongly supported by the observed structures. In these protozoan proteins, the extended active site is formed by inter‐subunit association within a tetramer, which implies a distinct evolutionary history and substrate specificity from the previously characterized members of the isochorismatase superfamily. The characterization of the active site is supported crystallographically by the presence of an unidentified ligand bound at the active site cysteine of the T. cruzi structure.
Osteoarthritis IV: Clinical therapeutic trials and treatment

This article discusses the potential usefulness of clinical therapeutic trials and criticises the failure of the value of guidelines in the management of osteoarthritis (OA). We have provided an overview of the benefits and side effects of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in OA, including the introduction of the COX-2 selective inhibitors. In addition we have briefly reviewed the use of local NSAIDs, narcotic analgesics, injection methods, disease modifying drugs, gene therapy, surgical treatment, and non pharmacological intervention.
Grammar Based Testing of HTML Injection Vulnerabilities in RSS Feeds

Grammar based test generation (GBTG) has seen extensive study and considerable practical use since the 1970s. GBTG was introduced to generate source code for testing compilers from context-free grammars specifying language syntax. More recently, GBTG has been applied to many other testing problems, including the generation of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents. Recent research has shown how to integrate covering-array generation into GBTG tools. While the integration offers considerable power to the tester, there are few practical demonstrations in the literature. We present a case study showing how to use grammars and covering arrays for effective input generation. The generated tests have been used to systematically evaluate an RSS feed parser for HTML injection vulnerabilities.
Stable Gait Planning and Robustness Analysis of a Biped Robot with One Degree of Underactuation

In this paper, stability analysis of walking gaits and robustness analysis are developed for a five-link and four-actuator biped robot. Stability conditions are derived by studying unactuated dynamics and using the Poincaré map associated with periodic walking gaits. A stable gait is designed by an optimization process satisfying physical constraints and stability conditions. Also, considering underactuation problem, a time-invariant control law is designed to track the stable motion of biped. Validation of proposed approach is achieved by numerical simulations. Moreover, the robustness of motion on the uneven surfaces and elastic contact model are investigated.
Polynomial formulation of second derivative multistep methods

Following the work of Enright [3] there has been interest in studying second derivative methods for solving stiff ordinary differential equations. Successful implementations of second derivative methods have been reported by Enright [3], Sacks-Davis [9], [10] and Addison [1]. Wallace and Gupta [ 13] have suggested a polynomial formulation of the usual first-derivative multistep methods. Recently Skeel [11] has shown the equivalence of several formulations of multistep methods. The work of Wallace and Gupta [13] was extended to second derivative methods by Gupta [8]. The present work includes results obtained regarding the stability and truncation error of second derivative methods using the polynomial formulation.
Challenges in achieving high performance in boost PFC converter

Boost type front end Power Factor Correction (PFC) converters are used to obtain a sinusoidal input current which is in phase with the input sinusoidal voltage while at the same time maintaining the output voltage constant. This front end stage is required to conform to harmonic norms. Unlike a DC-DC boost converter with small signal input variations about the quiescent operating point, the boost PFC converter is subjected to large signal variations in every half line cycle. In this paper, the nature of these large signal variations and effect of a linear controller in this converter is analyzed. Further, certain issues that lead to performance degradation in the converter are highlighted based on simulation results.
Implementation of optimization-based controllers in industrial processes

This thesis presents and discusses the possibility of the use of online model predictive control as the control strategy, embedded in an educational device from National Instruments. The work considers the use of different optimization solvers and code generators, which have come out in recent years by the academia, to control a four-tank pilot plant located in the Institut de Robotica i Informatica Industrial, CSIC-UPC. The mathematical model of the system, used to implement the optimization-based controllers, includes nonlinear dynamics, whereby two approaches have been discussed and implemented: linearizing the model around an operating point to design a linear predictive controller, and using the original nonlinear dynamics to design a nonlinear predictive controller. The experiments performed for the case studied shown the suitability of the obtained model to be used in the linear case, while less accuracy is obtained in the nonlinear case due to the approximation of the dynamics previously reported in the literature. Moreover, a possible implementation and embedding procedure for the designed controllers are both presented and discussed in detail. For the given implementation, an assessment between the solvers embedded in the real-time device is done, giving an evaluation of the suitability of each solver in the considered scenarios. Finally, this work opens different ways of future work not only in the adaptation of the dynamic model of the case studied, but also in the optimization of the software codes generated to design the real-time controllers.
Efforts in minimizing risk of viral transmission through viral inactivation

The viral safety of blood and blood products has improved substantially over the last decade on account of the development of new viral screening and virucidal procedures. For nearly 15 years, virally inactivated blood derivatives, prepared by using advanced virucidal procedures, have amassed an extraordinary safety record with respect to hepatitis B and C and HIV. This record of safety has spawned the development of newer virucidal procedures designed to eliminate nonenveloped viruses from blood derivatives and viruses and other pathogens from blood components, including cellular components. Ongoing tests that include clinical studies will demonstrate how close we are to achieving a blood supply that is free of viruses, bacteria, and parasites.
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: Diagnostic Evaluation

Abstract Failed back surgery syndrome is a common problem with enormous costs to patients, insurers, and society. The etiology of failed back surgery can be poor patient selection, incorrect diagnosis, suboptimal selection of surgery, poor technique, failure to achieve surgical goals, and/or recurrent pathology. Successful intervention in this difficult patient population requires a detailed history, precise physical examination, and carefully chosen diagnostic tests. The diagnostic evaluation should endeavor to accurately identify symptoms, rule out extraspinal causes, identify a specific spinal etiology, and assess the psychological state of the patient. Only after these factors have been assessed can further treatment be planned.
Speech recognition performance assessments and available databases

Measuring the performance of speech recognition systems is integral to advancing the technology as well as applying it. Appropriately designed controlled experiments are the necessary tools by which both research and commercial systems must assess the value of different algorithms and approaches. Furthermore, they form the foundation upon which potential consumers of this technology may base sound price- performance decisions for commercial applications. The objectives of this presentation are: 1) to review the major performance assessment activities presently underway, especially those of the National Bureau of Standards (U.S. Dept. of Commerce) and the NATO Research Study Group on Speech Recognition, 2) to present a set of recommendations and evaluation guidelines recently compiled from speech researchers based in academia, industry, and government, 3) to reference a number of specific evaluation proposals generated within the speech community, and 4) to summarize and briefly describe a compilation of speech data bases which under certain conditions have been or may become available.
H3 Autoreceptors Modulate Histamine Synthesis through Calcium/Calmodulin- and cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

H3 autoreceptors provide feedback control of neurotransmitter synthesis in histaminergic neurons, but the transduction pathways involved are poorly understood. In rat brain cortical slices, histamine synthesis can be stimulated by depolarization and inhibited by H3 agonists. We show that histamine synthesis stimulation by depolarization with 30 mM K+ requires extracellular calcium entry, mostly through N-type channels, and subsequent activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II. In vitro, this kinase phosphorylated and activated histidine decarboxylase, the histamine-synthesizing enzyme. Inhibition of depolarization-stimulated histamine synthesis by the histamine H3 receptor agonist imetit was impaired by preincubation with pertussis toxin and by the presence of a myristoylated peptide (myristoyl-N-QEHAQEPERQYMHIGTMVE-FAYALVGK) blocking the actions of G-protein βγ subunits. The stimulation of another Gi/o-coupled receptor, adenosine A1, also decreased depolarization-stimulated histamine synthesis. In contrast, protein kinase A activation, which is also repressed by H3 receptors, elicited a depolarization- and calcium/calmodulin-independent stimulation of histamine synthesis. Protein kinase A was able also to phosphorylate and activate histidine decarboxylase in vitro. These results show how depolarization activates histamine synthesis in nerve endings and demonstrate that both pathways modulating neurotransmitter synthesis are controlled by H3 autoreceptors.
Targeting Histone Deacetylases for the Treatment of Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease is a debilitating neurodegenerative condition with significant burdens on both patient and healthcare costs. Despite the identification of the causative element, an expanded toxic polyglutamine tract in the mutant Huntingtin protein, treatment options for patients with this disease remain limited. In the following review I assess the current evidence suggesting that a family of important regulatory proteins known as histone deacetylases may be an important therapeutic target in the treatment of this disease.
On-line frequency adaptation and movement imitation for rhythmic robotic tasks

In this paper we present a novel method to obtain the basic frequency of an unknown periodic signal with an arbitrary waveform, which can work online with no additional signal processing or logical operations. The method originates from non-linear dynamical systems for frequency extraction, which are based on adaptive frequency oscillators in a feedback loop. In previous work, we had developed a method that could extract separate frequency components by using several adaptive frequency oscillators in a loop, but that method required a logical algorithm to identify the basic frequency. The novel method presented here uses a Fourier series representation in the feedback loop combined with a single oscillator. In this way it can extract the frequency and the phase of an unknown periodic signal in real time and without any additional signal processing or preprocessing. The method determines the Fourier series coefficients and can be used for dynamic Fourier series implementation. The proposed method can be used for the control of rhythmic robotic tasks, where only the extraction of the basic frequency is crucial. For demonstration several highly non-linear and dynamic periodic robotic tasks are shown, including also a task where an electromyography (EMG) signal is used in a feedback loop.
Effect of Long-Term Oral Administration of Green Tea Extract on Weight Gain and Glucose Tolerance in Zucker Diabetic (ZDF) Rats

There have been some claims that green tea reduces weight and lowers blood glucose in diabetes. Intraperitoneal injections of green tea catechins in diabetic rats have shown beneficial effects. To determine if oral administration of green tea would prevent development of diabetes, young Zucker diabetic rats were dosed with green tea extract containing 50-125 mg/kg of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) starting at 7 weeks of age, before the appearance of excessive weight gain and glucose elevation. While there was a trend toward lower weight gain and average daily glucose, there was no statistically significant difference.
Use of a self-expanding custom-made stent graft to treat lateral tunnel leak, stenosis, and fenestration in the Fontan pathway

Abstract A 12-year-old girl with hypoplastic right heart, double inlet left ventricle, and transposition of the great arteries had a lateral tunnel Fontan operation 8 years previously. She developed symptoms related to a combination of stenosis in the inferior caval venous pathway, a fenestration, and leak in the lateral tunnel. These were successfully treated with a custom-made stent graft.
Computer-Assisted Interactive Learning for Teaching Transmission Pricing Methodologies

This paper presents a computer-assisted method to teach and understand transmission pricing techniques. The education method is facilitated by specially designed user-friendly transmission pricing software (TPS). The proposed approach helps students fully understand transmission pricing through the fulfillment of the following educational objectives: 1) use of TPS to solve the transmission pricing problem of a small power system as well as a real-world power system; 2) complete understanding of the mathematics involved and development of software code to reproduce part of the results of TPS; 3) analysis of the results, identification and justification of the differences among three transmission tracing techniques and eight transmission cost allocation methods; and 4) extension of TPS methodologies. These methods have been proven effective in the education of students studying power system economics at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), Greece. A full-fledged, robust, comprehensive study of the educational improvements achieved through the use of TPS is provided.
A Road Map for Interoperable Language Resource Metadata

LRs remain expensive to create and thus rare relative to demand across languages and technology types. The accidental re-creation of an LR that already exists is a nearly unforgivable waste of scarce resources that is unfortunately not so easy to avoid. The number of catalogs the HLT researcher must search, with their different formats, make it possible to overlook an existing resource. This paper sketches the sources of this problem and outlines a proposal to rectify along with a new vision of LR cataloging that will to facilitates the documentation and exploitation of a much wider range of LRs than previously considered.
Identification of Human Tumor Antigens by Serological Analysis of Recombinant cDNA Expression Libraries (SEREX)

The structural definition of human tumor antigens recognized by the autologous host has been a long‐standing challenge in tumor immunology. The growing list of human tumor antigens recognized by autologous antibodies or cytotoxic T lymphocytes provides convincing evidence for immune recognition of cancer by the host of origin, as well as attractive targets for vaccine‐based approaches to cancer therapy. In this regard, an approach called SEREX (serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries) has broad applicability to the analysis of the humoral immune response to cancer antigens. This method involves immunoscreening cDNA libraries prepared from tumor specimens with sera from cancer patients in order to identify gene products recognized by IgG antibody. Clones identified by SEREX can be directly sequenced, providing immediate structural definition of the antigenic target, and their expression profiles can be readily determined, providing information regarding their tissue distribution. Application of this technique has led to the discovery of a number of provocative tumor antigens.