Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Backpacking Your Way into Crisis

SUMMARY Risk and tourism have become more closely interlinked in recent years. Recognising the complexity of tourist behaviour, research by Cohen (1972) classified tourists according to the degree of novelty or familiarity sought. Whilst the subject of extensive debate, many questions remain including to what extent perceived risk can be used as an indicator of tourist roles. Focusing upon the growing youth tourism market, backpackers in particular, travel patterns and attitudes towards risk were questioned and possible responses to a crisis differentiated through an exploratory qualitative study. The findings challenge both the resilience of the market alongside Cohen's (1972) typology suggesting backpackers exhibit different roles (drifter and explorer) dependent upon the risk in question. Given the exploratory nature of the work, the paper concludes calling for further targeted research.
Measuring entrepreneurial orientation of university students

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the measurement of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in the student population of different academic programmes, in order to enhance entrepreneurship‐related procedures within universities.Design/methodology/approach – A survey‐based tool for measuring EO is presented and used in one university. The answers are explored using statistical methods.Findings – The results show that the survey provides the user with adequate data about EO within student groups. They also demonstrate that while entrepreneurial desire differs between academic programmes, actual EO results do not.Practical implications – In the paper it is suggested that the new information can be used for developing entrepreneurial courses as well as student selection procedures. Some modifications for the survey, as well as initiation of a wider research programme, are also proposed.Originality/value – The paper uses a traditional survey for EO in a novel setting, amongst university students. The.
The Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Patients with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: An Update

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious adverse effect of heparin exposure that can progress to severe thrombosis, amputation, or death. HIT is an immune response in which antibodies cause platelet activation, platelet aggregation, the generation of procoagulant platelet microparticles, and activation of leukocytes and endothelial cells. Early diagnosis based on a comprehensive interpretation of clinical and laboratory information is important to improve clinical outcomes. However, limitations of the laboratory assays and atypical clinical presentations can make the diagnosis difficult. Clinical management of patients with HIT is with a non-heparin anticoagulant such as a direct thrombin inhibitor or danaparoid followed by a vitamin K antagonist for long-term treatment. The new anti-factor Xa drugs (fondaparinux, rivaroxaban, apixaban) and other non-heparin antithrombotic agents can potentially be used for the treatment of HIT if clinically validated. Important drug-specific limitations and dosing and monitoring guidelines must be respected for patient safety. Issues still exist regarding the optimal clinical management of HIT.
Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) Normierung an einer Stichprobe normalgewichtiger Schüler im Alter von 10 bis 20 Jahren und an Patientinnen mit Anorexia nervosa

Zusammenfassung. Das Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2; Paul & Thiel, 2005) ist ein mehrdimensionales psychometrisches Selbstberichtsinstrument zur Erfassung pathologischen Essverhaltens und anderer fur Anorexia nervosa (AN) und Bulimia nervosa (BN) relevanter psychopathologischer Variablen bei Erwachsenen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird uber die bisher noch fehlende Normierung an einer deutschen nicht-klinischen Stichprobe von 1754 SchulerInnen im Alter von 10 bis 20 Jahren (MAlter = 15.8, SD = 1.7) berichtet. Zusatzlich werden erste geschlechtsspezifische Werte fur 66 Patientinnen mit AN (MAlter = 16.2, SD = 1.7) und 22 Patientinnen mit BN (MAlter = 16.8, SD = 1.5) beschrieben. Die hier vorgestellten Normen fur Kinder und Jugendliche sowie eine bereits vorgenommene psychometrische Evaluation (Salbach-Andrae et al., 2010) ermoglichen zukunftig den Einsatz des EDI-2 in dieser Altersgruppe. Unabhangig von der Antwortversion konnen internationale Vergleiche anhand geschlechtsspezifischer (und fur weibliche Stichproben altersspezifischer) Normen vorgenommen werden. Schlusselworter: Essstorungen, Kinder, Jugendliche, Normen, EDI-2 Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-2): Normative data among 10 to 20 year old German girls and boys
Estimation technique of low crest factor signal in multiple signal representation

OFDM system has attracted much attention as a fourth mobile communication due to its high bandwidth efficiency and robustness to frequency-selective fading channel. However, one disadvantage of OFDM signal is its high crest factor that results in nonlinear distortion at the high power amplifier (HPA). Therefore, various methods have been proposed for reducing crest factor. Among them, selective mapping (SLM) has been considered a good technique for crest factor reduction. However, it requires numerous inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operations, which show the high computational complexity. In this paper, we proposed a low crest factor estimation technique without IFFT operation. It is inserted prior to IFFT block and estimates the low crest factor sequence using a correlation approach. The computer simulation shows that the estimation technique reduces the computational complexity while it has almost the same crest factor performance as that of the conventional SLM.
Internet of Things Architecture for Enhanced Living Environments

Internet of Things (IoT) devices deliver significant benefits for storing sensing data that could be used intelligently for multiple purposes. A major concern in enhanced living environments (ELEs) is the efficient daily use of sensors in the collection, monitoring, and storing of data to improve users' quality of life. In this article, the authors present an IoT cloud architecture that allows connection of users, their devices, and the cloud system in a modular way by separating modalities into different cloud services that are deployed independently. They focus on the e-health domain and present a use case of patient monitoring using motion-sensing devices. Their architecture provides significant benefits, including reduced costs and real-time data monitoring aiming to improve the patient experience. In rehabilitation environments, the system allows proactive treatment, real-time prevention with continuous monitoring of users, and improvement of the overall treatment process by allowing caregivers access to real-time user information.
Decreased Transcription Factor Binding Levels Nearby Primate Pseudogenes Suggest Regulatory Degeneration

Characteristics of pseudogene degeneration at the coding level are well-known, such as a shift toward neutral rates of nonsynonymous substitutions and gain of frameshift mutations. In contrast, degeneration of pseudogene transcriptional regulation is not well understood. Here, we test two predictions of regulatory degeneration along a pseudogenized lineage: 1) Decreased transcription factor (TF) binding and 2) accelerated evolution in putative cis-regulatory regions. We find evidence for decreased TF binding levels nearby two primate pseudogenes compared with functional liver genes. However, the majority of TF-bound sequences nearby pseudogenes do not show evidence for lineage-specific accelerated rates of evolution. We conclude that decreases in TF binding level could be a marker for regulatory degeneration, while sequence degeneration in primate cis-regulatory modules may be obscured by background rates of TF binding site turnover.
Real‐time physical deformation and cutting of heterogeneous objects via hybrid coupling of meshless approach and finite element method

This paper advocates a method for real‐time physical deformation and arbitrary cutting simulation of heterogeneous objects with multi‐material distribution, whose originality centers on the tight coupling of domain‐specific finite element method (FEM) and material distance‐aware meshless approach in a CUDA‐centric parallel simulation framework. We employ hierarchical hexahedron serving as basic building blocks for accurate material‐aware FEM simulation. Meanwhile, local meshless systems are designed to support cross‐FEM‐domain coupling and material‐sensitive propagation while respecting the regularity of finite elements. Directly benefiting from the structural regularity and uniformity of finite elements, our hybrid solution enables the local stiffness matrix pre‐computation and dynamic assembling, adaptive topological updating and precise cutting reconstruction. Moreover, our mathematically‐rigorous solver guarantees unconditional stableness. Experiments demonstrate the superiorities of our system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Localization and Insulin-regulated Relocation of Phosphoinositide 5-Kinase PIKfyve in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes*

The mammalian phosphoinositide kinase PIKfyve catalyzes the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 5-P and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-P2, thought essential in cellular functions, including membrane trafficking. To discern the intracellular loci of PIKfyve products' formation, we have examined the localization of PIKfyve protein versus enzymatic activity and a possible acutely regulated redistribution in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Subcellular fractions of resting cells that were positive for immunoreactive PIKfyve, such as cytosol (∼76%), internal structures (low density microsomal fraction (LDM), composed of recycling endosomes, GLUT4 storage compartment, Golgi, and cytoskeletal elements) (∼20%), and plasma membrane (∼4%), expressed enzymatically active PIKfyve. While the presence of a FYVE finger in PIKfyve predicts early endosome targeting, density gradient sedimentation, immunoadsorption, and fluorescence microscopy analyses segregated the LDM-associated PIKfyve from the membranes of the recycling endosomes and GLUT4. PIKfyve fluorescence staining largely coincided with trans-Golgi network/multivesicular body markers, indicating PIKfyve's role in the late endocytic/biosynthetic pathways. A subfraction of particulate PIKfyve resisted nonionic detergent treatment, implying association with cytoskeletal structures, previously found positive for key members of the insulin signaling cascade. Upon acute stimulation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with insulin or pervanadate, a portion of the cytosolic PIKfyve was recruited onto LDM, which was coupled with a commensurate increase of PIKfyve lipid kinase activity and an electrophoretic mobility shift. We suggest the recruited PIKfyve specifies the site and timing of phosphoinositide signals that are relevant to the acute insulin action.
The effect of electron-electron interaction induced dephasing on electronic transport in graphene nanoribbons

The effect of dephasing induced by electron-electron interaction on electronic transport in graphene nanoribbons is theoretically investigated. In the presence of disorder in graphene nanoribbons, wavefunction of electrons can set up standing waves along the channel and the conductance exponentially decreases with the ribbon's length. Employing the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism along with an accurate model for describing the dephasing induced by electron-electron interaction, we show that this kind of interaction prevents localization and transport of electrons remains in the diffusive regime where the conductance is inversely proportional to the ribbon's length.
Towards understanding mixed-initiative in task-oriented dialogues

Mixed-initiative in dialogue does not mean that either speaker is free to take the lead in the conversation at any time. Rather, who can show initiative, and when, is restricted. In this paper, we define initiative and control as two levels of dialogue phenomena, and give further evidence for our theory of restricted initiative that control belongs to the initiator of a discourse segment. We show that the initiator and the non-initiator play different roles in terms of showing initiative.
Recommendation of YouTube Videos

YouTube is a huge video-sharing service with hundreds of millions of users and hundreds of thousands of videos being uploaded every day. Thus, recommendation of YouTube videos to a single user is a challenging problem which cannot be solved by simply reusing the prevailing recommendation methods. The paper presents a specific recommendation algorithm for YouTube which relies on the data retrieved through the YouTube Data API. A cloud-based application integrates the proposed algorithm and offers a web interface to end users. The paper presents a preliminary analysis of the recommendation quality and lists YouTube Data API limitations which influence the design of recommender systems for YouTube videos.
Why Do First-Time and Repeat Visitors Patronize a Destination?

ABSTRACT Most studies of tourists' destination choices have either focused on how to attract more tourists or on developing stable relationships with existing ones. Therefore, the fit of a conceptual model incorporating relational (destination attachment) and transactional (destination image) antecedents to patronizing intentions (revisit, recommend, and resist change) was tested on a sample of first-time visitors and on a sample of repeat visitors to a hot spring destination in Taiwan. The findings indicated that first-time visitors' intentions to patronize the destination were mainly affected by destination image and that repeat visitors' intentions to patronize the destination were primarily affected by destination attachment. These findings highlight the importance of destination attachment and destination image in predicting tourists' patronizing intentions and future behavior, and reveal that researchers have overlooked that the antecedents of tourists' patronizing intentions differ depending on the type of relationship they have with the destination. As a result, this study provides compelling evidence for the need to clearly situate studies of destination choice in the transactional-relational continuum and questions the generalizability of previously published work that neglects to do so.
Exercise Training and Cognitive Rehabilitation

The current review develops a rationale and framework for examining the independent and combined effects of exercise training and cognitive rehabilitation on walking and cognitive functions in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). To do so, we first review evidence for improvements in walking and cognitive outcomes with exercise training and cognitive rehabilitation in MS. We then review evidence regarding cognitive–motor coupling and possible cross-modality transfer effects of exercise training and cognitive rehabilitation. We lastly present a macro-level framework for considering mechanisms that might explain improvements in walking and cognitive dysfunction with exercise and cognitive rehabilitation individually and combined in MS. We conclude that researchers should consider examining the effects of exercise training and cognitive rehabilitation on walking, cognition, and cognitive–motor interactions in MS and the possible physiological and central mechanisms for improving these functions.
Assessment of the Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM) and the Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III score for prediction of mortality in a paediatric intensive care unit in Hong Kong.

OBJECTIVE To compare two models (The Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score and Pediatric Index of Mortality) for prediction of mortality in a paediatric intensive care unit in Hong Kong. DESIGN Prospective case series. SETTING A five-bed paediatric intensive care unit in a general hospital in Hong Kong. PATIENTS All patients consecutively admitted to the unit between April 2001 and March 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Scores for both models compared with observed mortality. RESULTS A total of 303 patients were admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit during the study period. The median age was 2 years, with an interquartile range of 7 months to 7 years. The male to female ratio was 169:134 (55.8%:44.2%). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days. The overall predicted number of deaths using The Pediatric Risk of Mortality III score was 10.2 patients whereas that by Pediatric Index of Mortality was 13.2 patients. The observed mortality was eight patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the two models was 0.910 and 0.912, respectively. CONCLUSION The predicted mortality using both prediction models correlated well with the observed mortality.
The Child Development Review: Monitoring Children's Development Using Parents' and Pediatricians' Observations

The Child Development Review (CDR) combines parents' and pediatricians' observations to monitor the development and adjustment of infants and young children. The CDR is designed to help answer the parent's question, “How well is my child doing? ” and the pediatrician's question, “Is this child developing normally? ” The method includes: involving parents systematically in the developmental review process, including the use of a parent questionnaire; systematic professional observation at well-child visits, including the use of a child development chart; and pediatrician-parent discussion of the child's development and community resources for parents and children. The CDR Parent Questionnaire includes six questions and a 26-item symptoms and problems checklist. Various studies have documented the frequencies of various parental concerns and reported symptoms and behavior problems. Some parent-reported problems are associated with placement in early childhood/special education; some of these problems are also predictors of subsequent poor kindergarten performance. Use of the CDU system enhances anticipatory guidance, discussion of parent concerns, and early intervention, while reducing reliance on developmental screening tests
Fault Location Using Wide-Area Measurements and Sparse Estimation

This paper describes a fault location method which uses sparsely located wide-area synchronized phasor measurements. The main contribution is the way fault location is reformulated as a sparse estimation problem. Faulted system is modeled by equivalent terminal bus injections which would cause the same changes in bus voltages with the fault current drawn at any point along the faulted line. Once these injections are estimated, the fact that the ratio between equivalent injections at the two terminal buses depends only on the ratio of serial impedances on each side of the fault point can be used to locate the fault. It is shown that this formulation applies to both two terminal lines as well as teed lines regardless of fault type or resistance. Assuming availability of an accurate three-phase network model and a sufficient number of phasor measurements over the entire network, an underdetermined set of linear equations can be formed and then solved for the sparse equivalent bus injections. This is accomplished by applying two L1 norm regularization optimization methods namely Lasso and overlapping group Lasso. Effectiveness of these methods are verified by extensive simulations.
“Why Should I Leave?” Belgian Emerging Adults’ Departure From Home

In today’s Western societies, the transition to adulthood is prolonged, creating a separate developmental phase between adolescence and adulthood referred to as emerging adulthood. Following from this general delay in adult commitment-making, a considerable number of emerging adults continues to live in the parental household. The present study was conducted in Belgium and aimed to obtain a greater understanding of the home-leaving experience by qualitatively exploring how emerging adults who live with their parents or who have taken steps toward independent living experience their residential status. Twenty Belgian emerging adults, aged 24 to 25, were questioned during an interview. Responses were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Emerging adults’ descriptions suggest that the home-leaving process is a complex period in life characterized by feelings of ambivalence, whereby young people are simultaneously trying to combine a strong need for independence with a wish to remain connected to the parents. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.
Optimization of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network using Taguchi method

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is quite different from other ad hoc networks in term of functionality because of the variable node density, high node mobility, and unpredictable and harsh communication environment. There are two major applications VANET, namely safety applications and non-safety applications. In addition, network optimization is one way to maintain the existing protocols and other network parameter compare to design and implementing new improved protocols in which it too costly. Motivated with the reasons this paper presents an optimization of vehicular network for throughput, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio using Taguchi method. Highway scenario is chosen as the evaluation condition for this paper. For three performances evaluated, the highest rank value shows the different factors. For safety application which is delay-sensitive, routing protocols is the highest rank control factors. Non-safety application which is throughput sensitive, packet size is the main control factors.
Dynamic class loading in the Java virtual machine

Class loaders are a powerful mechanism for dynamically loading software components on the Java platform. They are unusual in supporting all of the following features: laziness, type-safe linkage, user-defined extensibility, and multiple communicating namespaces.We present the notion of class loaders and demonstrate some of their interesting uses. In addition, we discuss how to maintain type safety in the presence of user-defined dynamic class loading.
Molecular Differentiation and Diversity of Forcipomyia taiwana (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Based on the Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase II Sequence

ABSTRACT Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki), a biting midge, is one of the most annoying bloodsucking pests in Taiwan. In this study, partial DNA sequences of cytochrome c oxidase II from 113 individuals collected from 11 locations around the island were analyzed to delineate the differentiation pattern and possible dispersal processes of F. taiwana in Taiwan. The uncorrected nucleotide divergences, composed of mostly transition substitutions, were high (up to 2.7%) among the samples. Average comparable variations (≈0.7%) were found within and between populations. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that several distinct lineages exist and some can be found simultaneously in some populations. A relationship between sequence divergences among populations and their relative geographical distances was observed. Moreover, haplotype diversity was high in all populations, and low to middle levels (Fst = 0.004–0.288) of genetic differentiation were found among populations. Linearized calibration from sequence divergences and phylogenetic analysis showed that different ancestral lineages of F. taiwana possibly emerged as early as 0.6 million years ago. Taken together, genetic exchanges among these divergently ancestral lineages, likely caused by recent artificial events, have possibly led to the similarly diversified compositions of F. taiwana populations all around Taiwan nowadays.
Automatic sign language identification

We propose a Random-Forest based sign language identification system. The system uses low-level visual features and is based on the hypothesis that sign languages have varying distributions of phonemes (hand-shapes, locations and movements). We evaluated the system on two sign languages - British SL and Greek SL, both taken from a publicly available corpus, called Dicta Sign Corpus. Achieved average F1 scores are about 95% - indicating that sign languages can be identified with high accuracy using only low-level visual features.