Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving energy savings in power adaptive broadcasting in MANETs

Network wide broadcast is a frequently used operation in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Many unicast protocols including dynamic source routing (DSR) and ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol use broadcast to discover the unicast routes toward destinations. In addition, depending on the application, broadcast can be used to deliver actual data packets to all the nodes in the network. Nodes in MANETs work with limited battery power and the efficient utilization of this power is important for increasing the lifetime of the individual nodes as well as the overall network. As a result, it is important to utilize energy efficient algorithms in achieving network wide broadcast in MANETs. In this poster paper, the authors improve the energy efficiency in power adaptive broadcast using local information. In this proposal, the authors introduce an improved algorithm for deciding the transmission power level. The paper also attempts to further increase the energy savings by reducing the redundant transmission by including an efficient forward node set at the selection algorithm.
Online Reinforcement Learning NoC for portable HD object recognition processor

Heterogeneous multi-core object recognition processor with Reinforcement Learning (RL) NoC is proposed for efficient portable HD object recognition. RL NoC automatically learns management policies in the network of heterogeneous system without an explicit modeling. By adopting RL NoC, the throughput performances of feature detection and description are increased by 20.4% and 11.5%, respectively. As a result, the overall execution time of the object recognition is reduced by 38%. The implemented chip achieves 121mW power consumption with 1.24 TOPS/W power efficiency.
PV power forecasting using different Artificial Neural Networks strategies

The integration of photovoltaic (PV), intermittent and uncontrollable power, into the electrical grid has become one of the major challenges for power system operators. Therefore the PV power forecasting can be beneficial in system planning and balancing energies. In this paper the PV power forecasting of a real generator [1] is presented. Different Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) strategies are used to forecast the PV power from meteorological variables, the radiation and the temperature. Simulation results corresponding to each ANN strategy are presented, discussed and compared. The dynamic ANN chosen in this work is the Nonlinear Auto Regressive models with eXogenous input (NARX model). Its performances have proved in the different time frame PV power forecasting. The impact of season's type on the efficiency of PV power forecasting is presented in the second part of this paper.
Regional specification within the mesoderm of early embryos of Xenopus laevis.

We have further analysed the roles of mesoderm induction and dorsalization in the formation of a regionally specified mesoderm in early embryos of Xenopus laevis. First, we have examined the regional specificity of mesoderm induction by isolating single blastomeres from the vegetalmost tier of the 32-cell embryo and combining each with a lineage-labelled (FDA) animal blastomere tier. Whereas dorsovegetal (D1) blastomeres induce 'dorsal-type' mesoderm (notochord and muscle), laterovegetal and ventrovegetal blastomeres (D2-4) induce either 'intermediate-type' (muscle, mesothelium, mesenchyme and blood) or 'ventral-type' (mesothelium, mesenchyme and blood) mesoderm. No significant difference in inductive specificity between blastomeres D2, 3 and 4 could be detected. We also show that laterovegetal and ventrovegetal blastomeres from early cleavage stages can have a dorsal inductive potency partially activated by operative procedures, resulting in the induction of intermediate-type mesoderm. Second, we have determined the state of specification of ventral blastomeres by isolating and culturing them in vitro between the 4-cell stage and the early gastrula stage. The majority of isolates from the ventral half of the embryo gave extreme ventral types of differentiation at all stages tested. Although a minority of cases formed intermediate-type and dorsal-type mesoderms we believe these to result from either errors in our assessment of the prospective DV axis or from an enhancement, provoked by microsurgery, of some dorsal inductive specificity. The results of induction and isolation experiments suggest that only two states of specification exist in the mesoderm of the pregastrula embryo, a dorsal type and a ventral type. Finally we have made a comprehensive series of combinations between different regions of the marginal zone using FDA to distinguish the components. We show that, in combination with dorsal-type mesoderm, ventral-type mesoderm becomes dorsalized to the level of intermediate-type mesoderm. Dorsal-type mesoderm is not ventralized in these combinations. Dorsalizing activity is confined to a restricted sector of the dorsal marginal zone, it is wider than the prospective notochord and seems to be graded from a high point at the dorsal midline. The results of these experiments strengthen the case for the three-signal model proposed previously, i.e. dorsal and ventral mesoderm inductions followed by dorsalization, as the simplest explanation capable of accounting for regional specification within the mesoderm of early Xenopus embryos.
Circumferential Margin Involvement Is the Crucial Prognostic Factor after Multimodality Treatment in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Carcinoma

Purpose: After preoperative (radio)chemotherapy, histologic determinants for prognostification have changed. It is unclear which variables, including assessment of tumor regression, are the best indicators for local recurrence and survival. Experimental Design: A series of 201 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3/T4, M0) presenting with an involved or at least threatened circumferential margin (CRM) on preoperative imaging (<2 mm) were evaluated using standard histopathologic variables and four different histologic regression systems. All patients received neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy or radiotherapy. The prognostic value of all factors was tested with univariate survival analysis of time to local recurrence and overall survival. Results: Local recurrence occurred in only 8% of the patients with a free CRM compared with 43% in case of CRM involvement (P < 0.0001). None of the four regression systems were associated with prognosis, not even when corrected for CRM status. However, we did observe a higher degree of tumor regression after radiochemotherapy compared with radiotherapy (P < 0.001). Absence of tumor regression was associated with increasing invasion depth and a positive CRM (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Conclusions: Assessment of CRM involvement is the most important pathologic variable after radiochemotherapy. Although tumor regression increases the chance on a free CRM, in cases with positive resection margins prognosis is poor irrespective of the degree of therapy-induced regression.
Workflow fragments of layer hierarchy detection and recommendation

Recently, workflow fragments gains increasing momentum for reuse and re-purpose in Cyber-Physical Systems. To the end, this article proposes to detect and recommend workflow fragments gratifying e-Scientist requirement. Specifically, most common workflow fragments in the form of layer hierarchy are extracted from scientific workflows, which are collected in the myExperiment repository. Annotations for those workflow fragments are developed to support the discovery of workflow fragments. Consequently, an approach for workflow fragments rank and recommendation is presented considering the semantics and structure of workflow fragments.
Two-year results of carotid artery stenting.

OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of carotid artery stenting (CAS) for primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke has been demonstrated. The aim of our study was the clinical and radiological evaluation of the reliability of the CAS procedure over a two-year follow-up period. STUDY DESIGN This study included 120 patients (mean age, 68 (48-86) years) admitted to our hospital between December 2010 and March 2013 for whom CAS was decided in the neurology, cardiovascular surgery and cardiology council. Symptomatic cases with more than 50% stenosis by angiography and asymptomatic patients with stenosis of more than 70% were included in the study. 80% of the asymptomatic patients were those detected during the screening before the coronary bypass surgery. RESULTS The success rate of the procedure was found as 97.5%. No mortality or myocardial infarction was observed in any of the patients in whom CAS was applied successfully. In 1 symptomatic patient (0.8%), ischemic cerebrovascular event with sequelae was observed 24 hours after the procedure. In total, transient ischemic attack was observed in 2 patients (1.7%) 6 and 11 months after the procedure. Asymptomatic restenosis was detected in 3 patients (2.5% of the total, with 2 in the asymptomatic and 1 in the symptomatic group). Symptomatic restenosis was not observed. None of the patients experienced hyperperfusion syndrome. CONCLUSION We believe the CAS procedure can be performed safely in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with low complication and high success rates.
Developmental Species Differences in Brain Cell Cycle Rates between Northern Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianus) and Parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus): Implications for Mosaic Brain Evolution

Adult brains differ among species in the proportional sizes of their major subdivisions. For example, the telencephalon occupies 71% of the entire brain in parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) but only 54% in quail (Colinus virginianus). In contrast, the tectum is smaller in parakeets than in quail. To determine whether these differences in brain region size arise because of species differences in cell cycle rates, parakeet and quail embryos were collected at various stages of development (HH24–HH37) and stained with antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), which labels all dividing cells, and phosphorylated histone-3 (pH3), which labels M-phase cells. Analysis of pH3+ cell densities and pH3+/PCNA+ cell ratios were used to compare cell cycle rates across stages and species. Cumulative labeling with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was also used to compare cell cycle rates at stages 24 and 28 in quail. We found that telencephalic cell cycle rates lengthen with age in both species, but that they lengthen significantly later in parakeets than in quail. This species difference in cell cycle rates explains, at least partly, why adult parakeets have a proportionately larger telencephalon. Tectal cell cycle rates also remain elevated for a prolonged period of time in parakeets compared to quail. This seems paradoxical at first, given that the parakeet’s adult tectum is relatively small. However, the tectum is initially much smaller but then grows more extensively in parakeets than in quail. Thus, species differences in adult brain proportions can be traced back to species differences in cell cycle kinetics.
Biographical Research in Eastern Europe: Altered Lives and Broken Biographies

dant, but it is to inject more realism into the process and practice of it. After all, what data can become over time is a series of complex relationships with people. In particular, the postfieldwork experience is a neglected one in the methodology literature. Put another way, there is an art and politics to LQR that is hidden in the book and needs to be opened up for scrutiny and reflection, but Saldaña opts for a more standard scientific tone. Ultimately, Saldaña has produced a book that is a very competent, interesting, and useful addition to other work in the field. “Analyzing change through time,” the subtitle of the book, shall remain a key theme in the social sciences. LQR is a rather maligned and potentially creative tradition that, critically coupled with life history, biography, and reflexivity, needs to be recovered. My reading is one from an ethnographic imagination. There are and, indeed should be, other readings.
Protection scheme for IoT devices using introspection

These days Internet of Things (IoT) is considered to be the extension of machine-to-machine (M2M) communication that supports various domains, protocols, and applications. Users share their personal information with IoT device to get various services. However, if IoT device loses integrity or malfunctions due to some malicious attack, it causes direct or indirect risks to users' privacy. Consequently, users' personal information can be leaked through IoT devices. Moreover, IoT devices have limited computational resources as compared to general purpose computers and operating systems (OS). They also have various traits depending on the environment in which they are being used. Due to these reasons, general protection methods and integral solutions are difficult to be applied. In this regard, this paper proposes a protection method that detects malicious activity using introspection. Moreover, through experimental results we show that our proposed approach not only enhances the security of IoT devices but also effectively protects users' personal information.
Environmental Sensitivity in a Developing Country

Past research on consumers’ attitudes toward the environment has been conducted mostly in the context of developed countries. There is a need to investigate this topic in less affluent societies. This article investigates the relationship between Turkish consumers’ attitudes and their behaviors toward the environment. A multistage area sampling procedure was used to select 1,000 residences in Istanbul at which at-home personal interviews were conducted using standard surveys. A consumer cluster analysis based on behaviors toward the environment was conducted, and three distinct segments were identified: active concerned, passive concerned, and unconcerned. For each cluster, attitudinal, demographic, socioeconomic, and leisure activity profiles were delineated. Attitudes toward specific behaviors were found to be the best predictors of behavior, followed by general attitudes, education, and locus of control. Policy implications are provided for each cluster.
Proposed algorithm for the best detection of different bcr-abl gene fusion transcripts in molecular diagnostics laboratories: experience of a major referral center.

AIMS Detection of bcr-abl transcripts is important both in diagnosis as well as in prognostication and treatment modalities of different types of leukemia, both chronic and acute. However, the techniques employed are variable and different among laboratories. Our aim was to share with other labs a strategy/algorithm that we find highly useful for implementation to best detect all bcr-abl fusion transcripts for proper patient management. METHODS We have used two techniques for the detection of bcr-abl transcripts, an in-house developed polymerase chain reaction and a real-time quantitative commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kit and tested 849 patients referred for initial screening for bcr-abl. RESULTS Out of 849 cases, 146 (17.2%) were positive for bcr-abl. Around 92.11% of the total bcr-abl positive cases (N=76) detected by the real-time quantitative technique were also positive by the gel-based PCR assay; however, six cases (around 7.89%) were missed by the real-time assay and detected by the other technique in chronic myelogenous leukemia-proven cases. CONCLUSION We highly encourage other laboratories to perform testing using a simple and inexpensive gel-based PCR screening assay followed by a real-time quantitative assay for a baseline bcr-abl expression level. This combination will enable laboratories to detect all the reported fusion transcripts in accordance with the clinical presentation of the patient as well as other laboratory tests for the best use of this genetic test in patient management and care.
Correlated Mutations: A Hallmark of Phenotypic Amino Acid Substitutions

Point mutations resulting in the substitution of a single amino acid can cause severe functional consequences, but can also be completely harmless. Understanding what determines the phenotypical impact is important both for planning targeted mutation experiments in the laboratory and for analyzing naturally occurring mutations found in patients. Common wisdom suggests using the extent of evolutionary conservation of a residue or a sequence motif as an indicator of its functional importance and thus vulnerability in case of mutation. In this work, we put forward the hypothesis that in addition to conservation, co-evolution of residues in a protein influences the likelihood of a residue to be functionally important and thus associated with disease. While the basic idea of a relation between co-evolution and functional sites has been explored before, we have conducted the first systematic and comprehensive analysis of point mutations causing disease in humans with respect to correlated mutations. We included 14,211 distinct positions with known disease-causing point mutations in 1,153 human proteins in our analysis. Our data show that (1) correlated positions are significantly more likely to be disease-associated than expected by chance, and that (2) this signal cannot be explained by conservation patterns of individual sequence positions. Although correlated residues have primarily been used to predict contact sites, our data are in agreement with previous observations that (3) many such correlations do not relate to physical contacts between amino acid residues. Access to our analysis results are provided at http://webclu.bio. wzw.tum. de/~pagel/supplements/correlated-positions/.
Hybridization in Question Answering Systems

Question answering systems can benefit from the incorporation of a broad range of technologies, including natural language processing, machine learning, information retrieval, knowledge representation, and automated reasoning. We have designed an architecture that identifies the essential roles of components in a question answering system. This architecture greatly facilitates experimentation by enabling comparisons between different choices for filling the component roles, and also provides a framework for exploring hybridization of techniques ‐ that is, combining different approaches to question answering. We present results from an initial experiment that illustrate substantial performance improvement by combining statistical and linguistic approaches to question answering. We also present preliminary and encouraging results involving the incorporation of a large knowledge base.
Quasivelocities and symmetries in non-holonomic systems

This article is concerned with the theory of quasivelocities for non-holonomic systems. The equations of non-holonomic mechanics are derived using the Lagrange–d'Alembert principle written in an arbitrary configuration-dependent frame. The article also shows how quasivelocities may be used in the formulation of non-holonomic systems with symmetry. In particular, the use of quasivelocities in the analysis of symmetry that leads to unusual momentum conservation laws is investigated, as is the applications of these conservation laws and discrete symmetries to the qualitative analysis of non-holonomic dynamics. The relationship between asymptotic dynamics and discrete symmetries of the system is also elucidated.
Teachers’ Facebook use: their use habits, intensity, self-disclosure, privacy settings, and activities on Facebook

This study investigated K12 teachers’ Facebook usage habits, intensity, self-disclosure, privacy settings and activities. A multi-method design was employed by collecting quantitative data from 616 teachers with a Facebook account using an online questionnaire and qualitative data from 32 teachers using online open-ended questions. The results of the study showed that Facebook seems to be part of teachers’ daily routines. Moreover, they revealed that teachers were less likely to share sensitive and potentially stigmatising personal information on Facebook. Teachers were also found to set most of their Facebook privacy settings as “Friends” by taking intimacy, unwanted contacts and potential threats into consideration. Furthermore, the findings indicated that teachers felt themselves less comfortable when parents and students viewed their Facebook profiles. In addition to social engagement, teachers pointed out several ways in which Facebook was used to support educational and professional development practices. Implications, limitations and directions to further studies are discussed.
The Acquisition of Syntax in Children from 5 to 10.

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Spontaneous coordinated activity in cultured networks: Analysis of multiple ignition sites, primary circuits, burst phase delay distributions and functional structures

All higher order central nervous systems exhibit spontaneous neural activity, though the purpose and mechanistic origin of such activity remains poorly understood. We explore the ignition and spread of collective spontaneous electrophysiological burst activity in networks of cultured cortical neurons growing on microelectrode arrays using information theory and first-spike-in-burst analysis methods. We show the presence of burst leader neurons, which form a mono-synaptically connected primary circuit, and initiate a majority of network bursts. Leader/follower firing delay times form temporally stable positively skewed distributions. Blocking inhibitory synapses usually results in shorter delay times with reduced variance. These distributions are generalized characterizations of internal network dynamics and provide estimates of pair-wise synaptic distances. We show that mutual information between neural nodes is a function of distance, which is maintained under disinhibition. The resulting analysis produces specific quantitative constraints and insights into the activation patterns of collective neuronal activity in self-organized cortical networks, which may prove useful for models emulating spontaneously active systems.
Labor-Market Entry and the Sexual Segregation of Careers in the Federal Republic of Germany

This article traces the emergence of sex-specific structures over the life course, compares these patterns across cohorts, and discovers the importance of entry into the labor market for the subsequent occupational careers of men and women. New life-history data from the Federal Republic of Germany show that there is an impressive equalization of educational opportunities between men and women across cohorts. Despite this covergence in educational levels of men and women, sex-specific differences in the field of vocational training continue to be a major component within the process of sex segregation, both over the life course and across cohorts, in West Germany. At entry into the occupational system an increasing tendency to sex-specific occupational segregation across cohorts is observable. This does not imply that women's occupational chances have become worse across cohorts but the opposite. Across the cohorts, many of the new skilled occupations created by a changing economic structure and the expanding welfare state were filled by young women.