Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic subgrouping of multitrack audio

Subgrouping is a mixing technique where the outputs of a subset of audio tracks in a multitrack are summed to a single audio bus. This is done so that the mix engineer can apply signal processing to an entire subgroup, speed up the mix work flow and manipulate a number of audio tracks at once. In this work, we investigate which audio features from a set of 159 can be used to automatically subgroup multitrack audio. We determine a subset of audio features from the original 159 audio features to use for automatic subgrouping, by performing feature selection using a Random Forest classifier on a dataset of 54 individual multitracks. We show that by using agglomerative clustering on 5 test multitracks, the entire set of audio features incorrectly clusters 35.08% of the audio tracks, while the subset of audio features incorrectly clusters only 7.89% of the audio tracks. Furthermore, we also show that using the entire set of audio features, ten incorrect subgroups are created. However, when using the subset of audio features, only five incorrect subgroups are created. This indicates that our reduced set of audio features provides a significant increase in classification accuracy for the creation of subgroups automatically.
Practical and Secure Substring Search

In this paper we address the problem of outsourcing sensitive strings while still providing the functionality of substring searches. While security is one important aspect that requires careful system design, the practical application of the solution depends on feasible processing time and integration efforts into existing systems. That is, searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) allows queries on encrypted data but makes common indexing techniques used in database management systems for fast query processing impossible. As a result, the overhead for deploying such functional and secure encryption schemes into database systems while maintaining acceptable processing time requires carefully designed special purpose index structures. Such structures are not available on common database systems but require individual modifications depending on the deployed SSE scheme. Our technique transforms the problem of secure substring search into range queries that can be answered efficiently and in a privacy-preserving way on common database systems without further modifications using frequency-hiding order-preserving encryption. We evaluated our prototype implementation deployed in a real-world scenario, including the consideration of network latency, we demonstrate the practicability of our scheme with 98.3 ms search time for 10,000 indexed emails. Further, we provide a practical security evaluation of this transformation based on the bucketing attack that is the best known published attack against this kind of property-preserving encryption.
FRET‐based binding assay between a fluorescent cAMP analogue and a cyclic nucleotide‐binding domain tagged with a CFP

The cyclic nucleotide‐binding domain (CNBD) functions as a regulatory domain of many proteins involved in cyclic nucleotide signalling. We developed a straightforward and reliable binding assay based on intermolecular fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between an adenosine‐3′, 5′‐cyclic monophosphate analogue labelled with fluorescein and a recombinant CNBD of human EPAC1 tagged with a cyan fluorescence protein (CFP). The high FRET efficiency of this method (~ 80%) allowed us to perform several types of binding experiments with nanomolar range of sample using conventional equipment. In addition, the CFP tag on the CNBD enabled us to perform a specific binding experiment using an unpurified protein. Considering these advantages, this technique is useful to study poorly characterized CNBDs.
Gene-by-Environment Interactions on Alcohol Use Among Asian American College Freshmen.

OBJECTIVE Among northeast Asians, the variant aldehyde dehydrogenase allele, ALDH2*2 (rs671, A/G, minor/major), has been inversely associated with alcohol dependence. The strength of the associations between ALDH2*2 and drinking behaviors depends on the developmental stage, the phenotype studied, and other moderating variables. This study examined ALDH2 gene status as a moderator of the associations between parental drinking, peer drinking, and acculturation with alcohol use among 222 Chinese American and Korean American college freshmen. METHOD Negative binomial regressions were used to test the main and interactive effects of ALDH2 with contextual factors on alcohol frequency (drinking days) and quantity (drinks per drinking day) in the past 3 months. RESULTS ALDH2*2 was associated with more subjective flushing symptoms and longer length of flushing but was unrelated to both alcohol frequency and quantity. Peer drinking was positively associated with both alcohol frequency and quantity, but neither was moderated by ALDH2. We observed a nonsignificant trend for the interaction between parental drinking and ALDH2 on alcohol frequency, where parental drinking was positively associated with alcohol frequency only among participants with ALDH2*2. We found a significant interaction between acculturation and ALDH2 on alcohol frequency, where acculturation was positively associated with alcohol frequency only among those with ALDH2*2. Exploratory analyses stratified by Asian ethnic subgroup indicated that this interaction was driven primarily by the Korean subsample. CONCLUSIONS Parental drinking and acculturation may facilitate more frequent drinking among those who have more intense reactions to alcohol (i.e., those with ALDH2*2) during the transition from high school to college.
In vitro generation of differentiated cardiac myofibers on micropatterned laminin surfaces.

Cardiac muscle fibers consist of highly aligned cardiomyocytes containing myofibrils oriented parallel to the fiber axis, and successive cardiomyocytes are interconnected at their ends through specialized junctional complexes (intercalated disks). Cell culture studies of cardiac myofibrils and intercalated disks are complicated by the fact that cardiomyocytes become extremely flattened and exhibit disorganized myofibrils and diffuse intercellular junctions with neighboring cells. In this study we sought to direct the organization of cultured cardiomyocytes to more closely resemble that found in vivo. Lanes of laminin 5-50 microm wide were microcontact-printed onto nonadhesive (BSA-coated) surfaces. Adherent cardiomyocytes responded to the spatial constraints by forming elongated, rod-shaped cells whose myofibrils aligned parallel to the laminin lanes. Patterned cardiomyocytes displayed a striking, bipolar localization of the junction molecules N-cadherin and connexin43 that ultrastructurally resembled intercalated disks. When laminin lanes were widely spaced, each lane of cardiomyocytes beat independently, but with narrow-spacing cells bridged between lanes, yielding aligned fields of synchronously beating cardiomyocytes. Similar cardiomyocyte patterns were achieved on the biodegradable polymer PLGA, suggesting that patterned cardiomyocytes could be used in myocardial tissue engineering. Such highly patterned cultures could be used in cell biology and physiology studies, which require accurate reproduction of native myocardial architecture.
CDNPatch: a cost‐effective failover mechanism for hybrid CDN‐P2P live streaming systems

Among the most well‐established live media distribution technologies is content delivery network (CDN), which improves user‐perceived quality of service by delivering content from proxy servers deployed at the Internet's edge. In recent years, CDN providers started to tap into their subscribers' peer‐to‐peer (P2P) capacity to alleviate their server costs. Under the inherent peer dynamics, a major challenge of these hybrid CDN‐P2P systems is to provide efficient failure recovery with good quality of service guarantees at a reduced server cost. In this work we propose a cost‐effective failover solution named CDNPatch to address the aforementioned problem. CDNPatch enables peers to periodically precompute a few backup content suppliers by efficient information exchange and maintenance algorithms, and leverages auxiliary CDN servers and an economic server provisioning algorithm to reduce the chance of playback interruption occurring to peers. Our simulation results show that CDNPatch can mask the impact of peer dynamics of 3 real P2P systems, namely, SOPCast, PPStream, and PPTV, with 100 % failure recovery success rate and a failure recovery time less than 1 second at a cost of small P2P communication overhead of less than 1 kilobits per second, while using only 10%, 21%, and 51%, respectively, of the pure CDN scheme's server consumption.
A Novel Dominant Mutation in SAG, the Arrestin-1 Gene, Is a Common Cause of Retinitis Pigmentosa in Hispanic Families in the Southwestern United States

Purpose To identify the causes of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) in a cohort of families without mutations in known adRP genes and consequently to characterize a novel dominant-acting missense mutation in SAG. Methods Patients underwent ophthalmologic testing and were screened for mutations using targeted-capture and whole-exome next-generation sequencing. Confirmation and additional screening were done by Sanger sequencing. Haplotypes segregating with the mutation were determined using short tandem repeat and single nucleotide variant polymorphisms. Genealogies were established by interviews of family members. Results Eight families in a cohort of 300 adRP families, and four additional families, were found to have a novel heterozygous mutation in the SAG gene, c.440G>T; p.Cys147Phe. Patients exhibited symptoms of retinitis pigmentosa and none showed symptoms characteristic of Oguchi disease. All families are of Hispanic descent and most were ascertained in Texas or California. A single haplotype including the SAG mutation was identified in all families. The mutation dramatically alters a conserved amino acid, is extremely rare in global databases, and was not found in 4000+ exomes from Hispanic controls. Molecular modeling based on the crystal structure of bovine arrestin-1 predicts protein misfolding/instability. Conclusions This is the first dominant-acting mutation identified in SAG, a founder mutation possibly originating in Mexico several centuries ago. The phenotype is clearly adRP and is distinct from the previously reported phenotypes of recessive null mutations, that is, Oguchi disease and recessive RP. The mutation accounts for 3% of the 300 families in the adRP Cohort and 36% of Hispanic families in this cohort.
An implementation of an automatic adjustment power transfer position wireless battery charging system for mobile devices

In this paper, we propose a wireless battery charging system which the power transfer position can be automatically moved to the optimal charging placement. The proposed charging system is based on the electromagnetic inductive power transfer technique which is a short distance power transfer system. As a result, we have successfully finished the implementation of the proposed wireless battery charging system. The experimental results showed that this work can achieve the purpose of the optimal charging placement with a shortest power transfer distance.
A modified random walk framework for handling negative ratings and generating explanations

The concept of random walk (RW) has been widely applied in the design of recommendation systems. RW-based approaches are effective in handling locality problem and taking extra information, such as the relationships between items or users, into consideration. However, the traditional RW-based approach has a serious limitation in handling bidirectional opinions. The propagation of positive and negative information simultaneously in a graph is nontrivial using random walk. To address the problem, this article presents a novel and efficient RW-based model that can handle both positive and negative comments with the guarantee of convergence. Furthermore, we argue that a good recommendation system should provide users not only a list of recommended items but also reasonable explanations for the decisions. Therefore, we propose a technique that generates explanations by backtracking the influential paths and subgraphs. The results of experiments on the MovieLens and Netflix datasets show that our model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art RW-based algorithms, and is capable of improving the overall performance in the ensemble with other models.
Divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in Coturnix coturnix japonica. 2. Correlated responses in plasma lipoproteins and lipids.

Lipoproteins from generations five and six of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) divergently selected for increased (HW) or decreased (LW) body weight at 4 weeks of age or increased (HP) or decreased (LP) plasma yolk precursor at the initiation of egg production were separated into fractions of d less than 1.006 and d greater than 1.006. A randombred control (R1) was also sampled. Total lipids (TL), neutral lipids (NL), and phospholipids (PL) were determined. The NL's of the d less than 1.006 lipoprotein fractions were also analyzed for cholesterol esters (CE), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (C), and a fraction of minor lipid components including digycerides (DG+). A correlation of . 960 between total plasma phosphorus and TL of the d less than 1.006 lipoprotein fraction was observed. No strain effect was noted for TL, NL, or PL for either generation in the d greater than 1.006 fraction. In the d less than 1.006 fraction, TL, NL, and PL all varied concurrently, with the order being HP greater than HW, LW, R1 greater than LP. Percent NL and PL did not vary with strain in the S5 generation in the d less than 1.006 fraction. In the S6, the HP strain had a higher % NL and lower % PL in the d less than 1.006 fraction. No differences in % NL and PL were noted for the d greater than 1.006 fraction. In the d less than 1.006 fraction all lipid classes in the NL's tended to vary together. It was concluded that selecting for total plasma phosphorus in laying female Japanese quail is effective in quantitatively but not qualitatively altering the d less than 1.006 lipoprotein levels in the laying hen plasma, without affecting the d greater than 1.006 lipoproteins levels. It was also concluded that selecting for body weight for six generations did not affect laying female lipoprotein concentration.
Digital coding of waveforms: Principles and applications to speech and video

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Contextual Commonsense Knowledge Acquisition from Social Content by Crowd-Sourcing Explanations

Contextual knowledge is essential in answering questions given speciﬁc observations. While recent approaches to building commonsense knowledge bases via text mining and/or crowdsourcing are successful, contextual knowledge is largely missing. To address this gap, this paper presents SocialExplain , a novel approach to acquiring contextual commonsense knowledge from explanations of social content. The acquisition process is broken into two cognitively simple tasks: to identify contextual clues from the given social content, and to explain the content with the clues. An ex-periment was conducted to show that multiple pieces of contextual commonsense knowledge can be identi-ﬁed from a small number of tweets. Online users ver-iﬁed that 92.45% of the acquired sentences are good, and 95.92% are new sentences compared with existing crowd-sourced commonsense knowledge bases.
Playing the Long Game: Considering the Future of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Research and Service

Abstract This article examines the growth of aided augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in providing support to children and youth with significant communication needs. Addressing current trends and offering a discussion of needs and probable future advances is framed around five guiding principles initially introduced by Williams, Krezman, and McNaughton. These include: (1) communication is a basic right and the use of AAC, especially at a young age, can help individuals realize their communicative potential; (2) AAC, like traditional communication, requires it to be fluid with the ability to adapt to different environments and needs; (3) AAC must be individualized and appropriate for each user; (4) AAC must support full participation in society across all ages and interests; and (5) individuals who use AAC have the right to be involved in all aspects of research, development, and intervention. In each of these areas current advances, needs, and future predictions are offered and discussed in terms of researchers' and practitioners' efforts to a continued upward trajectory of research and translational service delivery.
Effect of heating on nutritional quality of conventional and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor-free soybeans.

Five 10-day chick growth experiments and an amino acid digestibility assay were conducted to assess the effect of steam heating on in vivo protein quality of raw, full-fat Kunitz trypsin inhibitor-free soybeans (KFSB) compared with raw, conventional full-fat soybeans (CSB). Protein solubility in . 2% KOH was also evaluated as an in vitro test of in vivo protein quality for underprocessed CSB. The CSB and KFSB were autoclaved for 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, or 21 min at 121 C and 124 kPa. The soybeans were then fed to 8- or 9-day-old chicks as the sole source of protein in dextrose and soybean diets containing 23% protein. Growth performance of chicks fed raw KFSB was superior to that of chicks fed raw CSB. Growth performance of chicks fed autoclaved KFSB or CSB increased and pancreas weight (percentage of body weight) decreased as autoclaving time increased. Slightly less autoclaving time was consistently required to achieve maximum chick performance for KFSB compared with CSB. Less autoclaving time was also required to obtain maximum digestibility of amino acids in KFSB compared with CSB. Urease activity of the soybeans decreased as autoclaving time increased, whereas protein solubility in . 2% KOH for CSB did not change consistently in response to heating time. The results of the present study indicate that raw KFSB must be heated to obtain maximum protein quality for chicks and that protein solubility in KOH is not a sensitive indicator of underprocessing of CSB soybeans.
Global Calibration of Multi-Cameras Based on Refractive Projection and Ray Tracing

Multi-camera systems are widely applied in the three dimensional (3D) computer vision, especially when multiple cameras are distributed on both sides of the measured object. The calibration methods of multi-camera systems are critical to the accuracy of vision measurement and the key is to find an appropriate calibration target. In this paper, a high-precision camera calibration method for multi-camera systems based on transparent glass checkerboards and ray tracing is described, and is used to calibrate multiple cameras distributed on both sides of the glass checkerboard. Firstly, the intrinsic parameters of each camera are obtained by Zhang’s calibration method. Then, multiple cameras capture several images from the front and back of the glass checkerboard with different orientations, and all images contain distinct grid corners. As the cameras on one side are not affected by the refraction of glass checkerboard, extrinsic parameters can be directly calculated. However, the cameras on the other side are influenced by the refraction of glass checkerboard, and the direct use of projection model will produce a calibration error. A multi-camera calibration method using refractive projection model and ray tracing is developed to eliminate this error. Furthermore, both synthetic and real data are employed to validate the proposed approach. The experimental results of refractive calibration show that the error of the 3D reconstruction is smaller than 0.2 mm, the relative errors of both rotation and translation are less than 0.014%, and the mean and standard deviation of reprojection error of the four-camera system are 0.00007 and 0.4543 pixels, respectively. The proposed method is flexible, highly accurate, and simple to carry out.
Pharmacological modulation of neuropathic pain-related depression of behavior: effects of morphine, ketoprofen, bupropion and [INCREMENT]9-tetrahydrocannabinol on formalin-induced depression of intracranial self-stimulation in rats

Neuropathic pain is often associated with behavioral depression. Intraplantar formalin produces sustained, neuropathy-associated depression of intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) in rats. This study evaluated pharmacological modulation of formalin-induced ICSS depression. Rats with intracranial electrodes targeting the medial forebrain bundle responded for electrical brain stimulation in an ICSS procedure. Bilateral intraplantar formalin administration depressed ICSS for 14 days. Morphine (0.32–3.2 mg/kg), ketoprofen (0.1–10 mg/kg), bupropion (3.2–32 mg/kg), and [INCREMENT]9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 0.32–3.2 mg/kg) were evaluated for their effectiveness to reverse formalin-induced depression of ICSS. Drug effects on formalin-induced mechanical allodynia were evaluated for comparison. Morphine and bupropion reversed both formalin-induced ICSS depression and mechanical allodynia, and effects on ICSS were sustained during repeated treatment. Ketoprofen failed to reverse either formalin effect. THC blocked mechanical allodynia, but decreased ICSS in control rats and exacerbated formalin-induced depression of ICSS. The failure of ketoprofen to alter formalin effects suggests that formalin effects result from neuropathy rather than inflammation. The effectiveness of morphine and bupropion to reverse formalin effects agrees with other evidence that these drugs block pain-depressed behavior in rats and relieve neuropathic pain in humans. The effects of THC suggest general behavioral suppression and do not support the use of THC to treat neuropathic pain.
Effect of Grain Crushing on Shear Localization in Granular Bodies within Micro-Polar Hypoplasticity

The paper deals with the eect of grain crushing on shear localization in granular materials in an infinite long narrow granular strip under constant vertical pressure. The calculations were carried out with an enhanced micro-polar hypoplastic constitutive model which is able to describe the salient properties of crushable granular bodies including shear localization. The change of the mean grain diameter with varying pressure was taken into account with the help of formulae from breakage mechanics. The eect of pressure and initial void ratio on shear localization was studied.