Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of viscosity on thickness-shear and flexural vibrations of crystal plates

The vibration analysis of crystal plates has been an essential part of quartz crystal resonator design with Mindlin plate theory for high frequency vibrations. As the vibration frequency of quartz crystal resonators continues climbing to meet new application requirements and resonator design to accommodate more restrictions on device parameters, additional considerations of material properties like the viscosity will provide new ways to study some known phenomena such as nonlinear effect and estimate resonator parameters that are important in circuit applications. With Mindlin plate theory, we consider the elastic constants of quartz crystal are viscous through adding the frequency dependent imaginary part with known experimental data. Then the vibrating plate has complex elastic constants and is frequency dependent with slight difference from linear elastic constants we are familiar with. These equations give dispersion relations and frequency spectra with frequency dependence. We found that the inclusion of complex elastic constants does not change the dispersion relation, consequently the frequency spectra, significantly due to the relatively small viscosity in quartz crystal. However, these results, including the new equations, are essential in the modeling of crystal resonators working at high frequency and estimating basic circuit parameters such as the resistance and quality factor based on material property. These results are also useful in the resonator design and applications, and the new parameters of resonator performance are also important in the continuous efforts in the study of the nonlinear effect of crystal resonators that is believed to be related to the viscosity effect
Boxplot-Based Outlier Detection for the Location-Scale Family

Boxplots are among the most widely used exploratory data analysis (EDA) tools in statistical practice. Typical applications of boxplots include eliciting information about the underlying distribution (shape, location, etc.) as well as identifying possible outliers. This article focuses on a modification using a type of lower and upper fences similar in concept to those used in a traditional boxplot; however, instead of constructing the upper and lower fences using the upper and lower quartiles, respectively, and a multiple of the interquartile range (IQR), multiples of the upper and the lower semi-interquartile ranges (SIQR), respectively, measured from the sample median, are used. Any observation beyond the proposed fences is labeled a potential outlier. An exact expression for the probability that at least one sample observation is wrongly classified as an outlier, the so-called “some-outside rate per sample” (Hoaglin et al. (1986)), is derived for the family of location-scale distributions and is used in the determination of the fence constants. Tables for the fence constants are provided for a number of well-known location-scale distributions along with some illustrations with data; the performance of the outlier detection rule is explored in a simulation study.
Structural Regulation and Electroconductivity Change of Nitrogen-Doping Reduced Graphene Oxide Prepared Using p-Phenylene Diamine as Modifier

Using p-phenylene diamine (PPD) as a modifier and nitrogen resource, nitrogen-doping reduced graphene oxide was prepared by one-step refluxing method. The influence of PPD-GO (graphene oxide) mass ratio X on surface functional groups, layer structure, and electroconductivity of nitrogen-doping reduced grapheme oxide (NRGO-X) was investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis absorption spectrum, and electrical measurement. The results showed that GO can be simultaneously reduced and nitrogen-doped by PPD. When PPD-GO mass ratio X ≤ 6, there existed three types of N configurations in NRGO-X, including pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N. However, when X > 6, the pyridinic N disappeared in a six-membered ring. Further, the reduction process of NRGO as well as the nitrogen doping level and type can be regulated by changing the mass ratio X. With the increase of X, the d-spacing of NRGO-X layers increased first and then decreased, while the electrical conductivity increased gradually.
Governing knowledge societies: competing models and norms

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Clustering face images with application to image retrieval in large databases

In this article, we evaluate the effectiveness of a pre-classification scheme for the fast retrieval of faces in a large image database. The studied approach is based on a partitioning of the face space through a clustering of face images. Mainly two issues are discussed. How to perform clustering with a non-trivial probabilistic measure of similarity between faces? How to assign face images to all clusters probabilistically to form a robust characterization vector? It is shown experimentally on the FERET face database that, with this simple approach, the cost of a search can be reduced by a factor 6 or 7 with no significant degradation of the performance.
EFFECTS OF UNIVERSITY NAMING ON PREFERENCES, CREDIBILITY, IMAGE AND ENROLMENT INTENTION OF ITALIAN STUDENTS

This research focused on city-of-location vs. region-of-location naming strategies and showed that university naming is a tool for influencing its perceived credibility, image and enrolment intention. An experimental study was carried out on a sample of 200 students at an untested Italian university, who were recruited as potential users living outside of the tested areas of three different existing Italian universities with a region-of-location-based name (i.e., the University of Insubria, the University of Sannio, and the University of Tuscia). These were paired with as many experimentally manipulated fictitious city-of-location-based university names (i.e., the University of Varese and Como, the University of Benevento, and the University of Viterbo, respectively). A close-ended questionnaire was developed for each university, containing two dichotomic measures regarding the recognition of the university location and the name preference, respectively. For each of the six experimental conditions (three universities × two naming strategies), the questionnaire also contained: a three-item seven-point perceived credibility scale, based on Ohanian’s (1990) approach; a ten-item university perceived personality scale, based on the Five-Factor Model (cf. Digman 1990); a composite measure of enrolment intention; and a 12-item seven-point “place-of-origin” image scale, developed from Pisharodi and Parameswaran’s (1994) study. Results showed that experimental subjects were more able to recognise investigated universities and their locations when their names integrate the city rather than the corresponding geographical region where such institutions are located. They also showed that potential users prefer a city-of-location-based name to a region-of-location-based one. Perceived credibility levels of the investigated universities were found to be higher when their names integrate the city of location rather than the corresponding geographical region. Results of a repeated-measure ANOVA carried out on perceived personality scores showed significant effects of university naming strategy on image profile. Both the “place-of-origin” image and the enrolment intention were also found to be higher when university names integrate the city of location rather than the corresponding regional context. Both theoretical and operational implications are discussed.
Spaceflight alters microtubules and increases apoptosis in human lymphocytes (Jurkat)

Alteration in cytoskeletal organization appears to underlie mechanisms of gravity sensitivity in space‐flown cells. Human T lymphoblastoid cells (Jurkat) were flown on the Space Shuttle to test the hypothesis that growth responsiveness is associated with microtubule anomalies and mediated by apoptosis. Cell growth was stimulated in microgravity by increasing serum concentration. After 4 and 48 h, cells filtered from medium were fixed with formalin. Post‐flight, confocal microscopy revealed diffuse, shortened microtubules extending from poorly defined microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). In comparable ground controls, discrete microtubule filaments radiated from organized MTOCs and branched toward the cell membrane. At 4 h, 30% of flown, compared to 17% of ground, cells showed DNA condensation characteristic of apoptosis. Time‐dependent increase of the apoptosis‐associated Fas/APO‐1 protein in static flown, but not the in‐flight 1 g centrifuged or ground controls, confirmed microgravity‐associated apoptosis. By 48 h, ground cultures had increased by 40%. Flown populations did not increase, though some cells were cycling and actively metabolizing glucose. We conclude that cytoskeletal alteration, growth retardation, and metabolic changes in space‐flown lymphocytes are concomitant with increased apoptosis and time‐dependent elevation of Fas/APO‐1 protein. We suggest that reduced growth response in lymphocytes during spaceflight is linked to apoptosis. —Lewis, M. L. , Reynolds, J. L. , Cubano, L. A. , Hatton, J. P., Lawless, B. D. , Piepmeier, E. H. Spaceflight alters microtubules and increases apoptosis in human lymphocytes (Jurkat). FASEB J. 12, 1007–1018 (1998)
The relationship between pumped traps and signal loss in buried channel CCDs

Pocket-pumping is an established technique for identifying the locations of charge trapping sites within the transport channels of CCDs. Various parameters of the pumping process can be manipulated to increase the efficiency, or allow characterisation of the trap sites effective during nominal operating modes. A CCD273 was irradiated in a triangular region by protons to a 10 MeV equivalent fluence of 1.2E9 p.cm2, ensuring a suitably low trap density for ease of automated trap recognition. X-rays of 5,898 eV were incident on the CCD above the region irradiated with the triangle, such that events could be analysed having passed through an increasing length of irradiated silicon and hence number of trapping sites. Here we present the relationship between the number of traps identified by pocket pumping within the parallel transport channels of a CCD273 and the amount of signal that is deferred by the trapping process during readout.
A Small Protein (Ags1p) and the Pho80p-Pho85p Kinase Complex Contribute to Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Resistance of the YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT We identified the AGS1 and AGS3 genes by their ability to partially complement an ags mutant (RC1707) which is supersensitive to various aminoglycoside antibiotics (J. F. Ernst and R. K. Chan, J. Bacteriol. 163:8–14, 1985). AGS1 is located in proximity to the centromere of chromosome III and encodes a small protein of 88 amino acids. The size of the AGS1 transcript, which in wild-type cells is 1 kb, is reduced to 0.75 kb in mutant RC1707. Disruption of AGS1rendered strains supersensitive to hygromycin B and increased their resistance to vanadate. In addition, ags1Δ strains underglycosylated invertase but had normal carboxypeptidase Y glycosylation, suggesting that Ags1p is required for the elaboration of outer N-glycosyl chains. AGS3 was found to be identical toPHO80 (TUP7), which encodes a cyclin activating the Pho85p protein kinase. Deletion of either PHO80 orPHO85 led to aminoglycoside supersensitivity;pho80Δ ags1Δ strains showed an enhanced-sensitivity phenotype compared to single mutants. pho80 andpho85 mutants were rendered resistant by deletion ofPHO4, indicating that activation of the Pho4p transcription factor is required for increased aminoglycoside sensitivity. Thus, both the Pho80p-Pho85p kinase complex (by Pho4p phosphorylation) and a novel component of the N glycosylation pathway contribute to basal levels of aminoglycoside resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
2-μm wavelength range InGa(Al)As/InP-AlGaAs/GaAs wafer fused VCSELs for spectroscopic applications

We demonstrate 2-mum wavelength, wafer-fused InGa(Al)As/InP-AlGaAs/GaAs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) emitting single-mode power of 0.5 mW at room-temperature with a threshold current of 4 mA and side-mode suppression ratio of over 30 dB. Emission wavelength can be continuously tuned with current by ~5 nm without mode hopping with a tuning rate of 0.31 nm/mA. These features demonstrate the long wavelength VCSELs potential for gas sensing and other optical spectroscopy applications.
Semi-Supervised Learning Based on Semiparametric Regularization

Semi-supervised learning plays an important role in the recent literature on machine learning and data mining and the developed semisupervised learning techniques have led to many data mining applications in recent years. This paper addresses the semi-supervised learning problem by developing a semiparametric regularization based approach, which attempts to discover the marginal distribution of the data to learn the parametric function through exploiting the geometric distribution of the data. This learned parametric function can then be incorporated into the supervised learning on the available labeled data as the prior knowledge. Specifically, our contributions are: (1) We present a semi-supervised learning approach which incorporates the unlabeled data into the supervised learning by a parametric function learned from the whole data including the labeled and unlabeled data. The parametric function reflects the geometric structure of the marginal distribution of the data. Furthermore, the proposed approach which naturally extends to the out-of-sample data is an inductive learning method in nature. (2) This approach allows a family of algorithms to be developed based on various choices of the original RKHS and the loss function. (3) We provide experimental comparisons showing that the proposed approach leads the state-of-the-art performance on a variety of classification tasks. In particular, we demonstrate that this approach can be used successfully in both transductive and semisupervised settings.
Managing memory and reducing I/O cost for correlation matrix calculation in bioinformatics

The generation of a correlation matrix from a large set of long gene sequences is a common requirement in many bioinformatics problems such as phylogenetic analysis. The generation is not only computationally intensive but also requires significant memory resources as, typically, few gene sequences can be simultaneously stored in primary memory. The standard practice in such computation is to use frequent input/output (I/O) operations. Therefore, minimizing the number of these operations will yield much faster run-times. This paper develops an approach for the faster and scalable computing of large-size correlation matrices through the full use of available memory and a reduced number of I/O operations. The approach is scalable in the sense that the same algorithms can be executed on different computing platforms with different amounts of memory and can be applied to different problems with different correlation matrix sizes. The significant performance improvement of the approach over the existing approaches is demonstrated through benchmark examples.
Effect of A 19-Item Surgical Safety Checklist During Urgent Operations in A Global Patient Population

Objective:To assess whether implementation of a 19-item World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist in urgent surgical cases would improve compliance with basic standards of care and reduce rates of deaths and complications. Background:Use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist has been shown to be associated with significant reductions in complications and deaths. Before evaluation of this safety tool, concern was raised about whether its use would be practical or beneficial during urgent surgical procedures. Methods:We prospectively collected clinical process and outcome data for 1750 consecutively enrolled patients 16 years of age or older undergoing urgent noncardiac surgery before and after introduction of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 8 diverse hospitals around the world; 842 underwent urgent surgery—defined as an operation required within 24 hours of assessment to be beneficial—before introduction of the checklist and 908 after introduction of the checklist. The primary end point was the rate of complications, including death, during hospitalization up to 30 days following surgery. Results:The complication rate was 18.4% (n = 151) at baseline and 11.7% (n = 102) after the checklist was introduced (P = 0.0001). Death rates dropped from 3.7% to 1.4% following checklist introduction (P = 0.0067). Adherence to 6 measured safety steps improved from 18.6% to 50.7% (P < 0.0001). Conclusions:Implementation of the checklist was associated with a greater than one-third reduction in complications among adult patients undergoing urgent noncardiac surgery in a diverse group of hospitals. Use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in urgent operations is feasible and should be considered.
White matter hyperintensities segmentation: a new semi-automated method

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are brain areas of increased signal on T2-weighted or fluid-attenuated inverse recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. In this study we present a new semi-automated method to measure WMH load that is based on the segmentation of the intensity histogram of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Thirty patients with mild cognitive impairment with variable WMH load were enrolled. The semi-automated WMH segmentation included removal of non-brain tissue, spatial normalization, removal of cerebellum and brain stem, spatial filtering, thresholding to segment probable WMH, manual editing for correction of false positives and negatives, generation of WMH map, and volumetric estimation of the WMH load. Accuracy was quantitatively evaluated by comparing semi-automated and manual WMH segmentations performed by two independent raters. Differences between the two procedures were assessed using Student’s t-tests and similarity was evaluated using linear regression model and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The volumes of the manual and semi-automated segmentations did not statistically differ (t-value = -1.79, DF = 29, p = 0.839 for rater 1; t-value = 1.113, DF = 29, p = 0.2749 for rater 2), were highly correlated [R2 = 0.921, F(1,29) = 155.54, p < 0.0001 for rater 1; R2 = 0.935, F(1,29) = 402.709, p < 0.0001 for rater 2] and showed a very strong spatial similarity (mean DSC = 0.78, for rater 1 and 0.77 for rater 2). In conclusion, our semi-automated method to measure the load of WMH is highly reliable and could represent a good tool that could be easily implemented in routinely neuroimaging analyses to map clinical consequences of WMH.
A conceptual approach for non-material heritage: the case of the Hat Industry

This paper describes our current work in the area of Museum Information Systems, namely for crafts and industry museums, where the main concern is to preserve and document not only material artefacts but also oral traditions, know-how, processes, cultural and social contexts, local history, sounds, tactile experiences and smells. Our case study is a Hat Industry Museum, which is being created in the North of Portugal, at the heart of what was, in the last century, the biggest hat-manufacturing centre. As such, the Museum will be also a tribute to the social andeconomic life of a whole region. We propose a conceptual approach for describing non-material heritage, its application to our case study, and we review current efforts that can be used and integrated in the museum community.
A Coated Vesicle-associated Kinase of 104 kDa (CVAK104) Induces Lysosomal Degradation of Frizzled 5 (Fzd5)*

Receptor internalization is recognized as an important mechanism for controlling numerous cell surface receptors. This event contributes not only to regulate signal transduction but also to adjust the amount of cell surface receptors. Frizzleds (Fzds) are seven-pass transmembrane receptor family proteins for Wnt ligands. Recent studies indicated that Fzd5 is internalized in response to Wnt stimulation to activate downstream signaling pathways. After internalization, it appears that Fzd5 is recycled back to the plasma membrane. However, whether internalized Fzd5 is sorted to lysosomes for protein degradation remains unclear. We here report that a coated vesicle-associated kinase of 104 kDa (CVAK104) selectively induces lysosomal degradation of Fzd5. We identify CVAK104 as a novel binding partner of Dishevelled (Dvl), a scaffold protein in the Wnt signaling pathway. Interestingly, we find that CVAK104 also interacts with Fzd5 but not with Fzd1 or Fzd4. CVAK104 selectively induces intracellular accumulation of Fzd5 via the clathrin-mediated pathway, which is suppressed by coexpression of a dominant negative form of Rab5. Fzd5 is subsequently degraded by a lysosomal pathway. Indeed, knockdown of endogenous CVAK104 by RNA interference results in an increase in the amount of Fzd5. In contrast, Wnt treatment induces Fzd5 internalization but does not stimulate its degradation. Overexpression or knockdown of CVAK104 results in a significant suppression or activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, respectively. These results suggest that CVAK104 regulates the amount of Fzd5 by inducing lysosomal degradation, which probably contributes to the suppression of the Wnt signaling pathway.
Reestablishment of Notopygos megalops McIntosh, description of N. caribea sp. n. from the Greater Caribbean and barcoding of “amphiamerican” Notopygos species (Annelida, Amphinomidae)

Abstract The species of the genus Notopygos Grube, 1855 are characterized by an ovate body, a prominent caruncle with three lobes, dendritic branchiae, and double dorsal cirri. Twenty-two species belonging to Notopygos have been described, mostly from the Indo-Pacific region. In America, few species are frequently recorded: Notopygos crinita Grube, 1855 from St. Helena Island (Atlantic) and Notopygos ornata Grube and Ørsted in Grube 1857 from Costa Rica (Pacific). Notopygos crinita is a widely distributed species in the Western Atlantic with additional reports in the Mediterranean Sea (as a questionable alien species) and in the Pacific Ocean. However, only the genus features have been considered, consequently some records could be misidentifications. During a revision of materials from collections and the barcode project, ‘Mexican Barcode of Life, MEXBOL’, we found specimens of Notopygos megalops and an undescribed species from reef zones in the Caribbean; the former had been considered a junior synonym of Notopygos crinita. Herein, Notopygos megalops is reestablished and Notopygos caribea sp. n. is described. A morphological and DNA barcode approach was used to explain the records of Notopygos ornata in the Atlantic and to show the differences with the new species, since both species share features such as complex pigmentation patterns, and circular projections in the median lobe of the caruncle.