Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous laser catheter recanalization of carotid arteries in seven cadavers and one patient.

Reports have been published describing successful in vivo recanalization of atherosclerotic plaque-occluded peripheral and coronary arteries using energy from argon and carbon dioxide laser sources [1-3]. In the case of the argon laser, optical fibers acting as waveguides incorporated in catheters were used. In the case of the carbon dioxide laser, direct line­ of-sight application through a needle into a straightened artery was employed. These initial laser applications in the treatment of occlusive vascular disease in patients were based on extensive in vitro and animal data accumulated by numerous groups over the past five years [4-13]. Our group extended the range of these studies to carotid stenosis using a percu­ taneous approach. Seven cadavers and one patient were studied. The sole objective of the study was to determine the feasibility of percutaneous laser recanalization of partially and totally obstructed carotid arteries under fluoroscopic guid­ ance.
Building a Large Automatically Parsed Corpus of Finnish

We describe the methods and resources used to build FinnTreeBank-3, a 76.4 million token corpus of Finnish with automatically produced morphological and dependency syntax analyses. Starting from a definition of the target dependency scheme, we show how existing resources are transformed to conform to this definition and subsequently used to develop a parsing pipeline capable of processing a large-scale corpus. An independent formal evaluation demonstrates high accuracy of both morphological and syntactic annotation layers. The parsed corpus is freely available within the FIN-CLARIN infrastructure project.
Modelling of a 4WS4WD vehicle and its control for path tracking

This paper presents a dynamic model representing the rigid body motion of a four wheel steer and four wheel drive (4WS4WD) vehicle which also takes into account the rotational dynamics of the individual wheels as well as the tyre terrain interactions. It also presents a modified pursuit algorithm taking into account the kinematic constraints as well as a decentralized wheel propulsion control system. Simulation results are presented to show the model validation and the successful implementation of the path tracking algorithm.
A theory of syntactic recognition for natural language

Abstract : Assume that the syntax of natural language can be parsed by a left-to-right deterministic mechanism without facilities for parallelism or backup. It will be shown that this 'determinism' hypothesis, explored within the context of the grammar of English, leads to a simple mechanism, a grammar interpreter. (Author)
How are Cognitive Therapy skills used (or not used) years after treatment? Subjective and physiological measures

Theorists have proposed that core Cognitive Therapy skills, such as reappraising negative thoughts, are useful not only for recovering from depression but also for staying well years after recovery. However, surprisingly little empirical work has tested (1) whether CT skills are used years after therapy, (2) whether continued CT skill use is associated with mood benefits, and (3) whether continued CT skill use involves significant effort and emotional engagement. To address these issues, we measured frequency of CT skill use in former CT patients, and we tested the association between CT skill use and adaptive mood outcomes as well as the association between CT skill use and engagement with dysfunctional thoughts, as indexed via pupil dilation.Twenty-two formerly depressed individuals aged 24-70 who responded to research-protocol CT 2-6 years ago completed the Skills of Cognitive Therapy - Patient (SoCT-P) self-report measure and underwent two experimental blocks in which a sad mood induction was provided and then pupil dilation was measured during self-paced presentation of self-relevant dysfunctional statements. During the first block, participants were asked to cope however they normally would, while in the second block, participants were asked to reappraise each statement. We examined (1) mean SoCT-P, (2) correlations between SoCT-P and adaptive mood outcomes (lack of cognitive reactivity and transience of induced sadness), and (3) the correlation between SoCT-P and pupil dilation in response to dysfunctional statements.Results indicated that, on average, participants reported using CT skills between "half" and "most" of the time. SoCT-P was non-significantly associated with adaptive mood outcomes, with moderate effect sizes. In the first block, SoCT-P was negatively correlated with pupil dilation during the period immediately before and after presentation of each statement.This study provides the first evidence that CT skills are still used years after therapy. More power is needed to test whether continued CT skill use is associated with positive mood outcomes, although results were in the predicted direction. Finally, as CT skill use was negatively correlated with an index of cognitive and emotional load, results may argue against the notion that continued CT skill use involves deployment of effortful compensatory strategies.
King's Graph-Based Neighbor-Vehicle Mapping Framework

Vehicle localization algorithms aim to provide an accurate location estimation of neighbor vehicles for critical applications in intelligent vehicles. For the initial location estimation, localization algorithms use either Global Positioning System (GPS), radio-based lateration techniques, or both. These techniques suffer from three major issues, namely, flip ambiguities, location information exchange (beacon) overhead, and forged relative location information. The accuracy of these algorithms at the early iterations is primarily affected by flip ambiguities, which in turn result in erroneous initial location estimates. The errors from flip ambiguities are a monotonically increasing function of time and propagated to the subsequent iterations to build an erroneous neighbor-vehicle map. In this paper, we propose a novel GPS-free neighbor-vehicle mapping framework that provides reliable initial relative position estimates of neighbor vehicles and mitigates aforementioned issues. This framework uses presence/absence status information of neighbor vehicles in binary form from a vision-based environment sensor system to associate each vehicle's cardinal location with its identification information, such as media access control (MAC)/Internet Protocol addresses. We represent a vehicle's neighborhood region and neighborhood topology using the Moore neighborhood (MN) and King's graph (KG), respectively, by analyzing a typical vehicle formation in a multilane roadway. We also introduce a KG-based neighborhood information overlap measure (IOM) algorithm for neighbor mapping by exploiting the perspective symmetric properties of the MN. Performance analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm builds an accurate relative neighbor-vehicle map and outperforms trilateration- and multilateration-based methods in mitigating flip ambiguities and location information exchange overhead.
The Core Circadian Gene Cryptochrome 2 Influences Breast Cancer Risk, Possibly by Mediating Hormone Signaling

As transcriptional regulators, circadian genes have the potential to influence a variety of biological pathways, including many cancer-related processes. Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) is essential for proper circadian timing and is a key component of the circadian regulatory feedback loop. Here, we report findings from genetic, epigenetic, loss-of-function, and transcriptional profiling analyses of CRY2 in breast cancer. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in CRY2 were identified for genotyping in a case-control population (n = 441 cases and n = 479 controls), and three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs11038689, rs7123390, and rs1401417) were significantly associated with postmenopausal breast cancer risk, with significant effect modification by menopausal status [dominant model for rs11038689: odds ratio (OR), 0.71; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.51-0.99; P for trend = 0.028; homozygous variants for rs7123390: OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.86; P for trend = 0.028; and rs1401417: OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21-0.92; P for trend = 0.017]. Interestingly, this association was only evident in women with estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR)–negative breast tumors but not with ER/PR-positive tumors. Breast cancer patients also had significantly higher levels of CRY2 promoter methylation relative to controls, which is consistent with tissue array data showing lower levels of CRY2 expression in tumor tissue relative to adjacent normal tissue. Furthermore, in vitro analyses identified several breast cancer–relevant genes that displayed altered expression following CRY2 knockdown. These findings suggest a role for CRY2 in breast tumorigenesis and provide further evidence that the circadian system may be an important modulator of hormone-related cancer susceptibility. Cancer Prev Res; 3(4); 539–48. ©2010 AACR.
Preinfection functions of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the outcome of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis in the cow.

The relationship between preinfection functions of blood neutrophils and outcome of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis was studied in 11 cows. Random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and chemiluminescence by neutrophils were determined in white blood cell suspensions, and in purified neutrophil suspensions. The course of E. coli mastitis (10(4) E. coli 0:157 in rear quarters) was monitored using clinical parameters, counts of E. coli in mastitic secretion, and milk production. Regressions were calculated for areas under curves of these parameters and preinfection activities of neutrophils. Chemiluminescence by nonstimulated neutrophils in white blood cell suspensions was negatively correlated with counts of E. coli in secretion and with losses in milk production. The chemotactic differential in white blood cell suspensions minus the chemotactic differential in purified suspensions of neutrophils referred to as delta varied from -. 66 to +. 50, indicating, respectively, inhibition and stimulation of chemotactic activity of neutrophils in white blood cell suspensions. Delta correlated negatively with counts of E. coli in mastitis secretion, inhibition of the amplitude of rumen contractions, and losses in milk production. We hypothesize that a factor in white blood cell suspensions may be involved in the down-regulation of the migratory response of neutrophils during E. coli mastitis.
An empirical pipeline to derive gaze prediction heuristics for 3D action games

Gaze analysis and prediction in interactive virtual environments, such as games, is a challenging topic since the 3D perspective and variations of the viewpoint as well as the current task introduce many variables that affect the distribution of gaze. In this article, we present a novel pipeline to study eye-tracking data acquired from interactive 3D applications. The result of the pipeline is an importance map which scores the amount of gaze spent on each object. This importance map is then used as a heuristic to predict a user's visual attention according to the object properties present at runtime. The novelty of this approach is that the analysis is performed in object space and the importance map is defined in the feature space of high-level properties. High-level properties are used to encode task relevance and other attributes, such as eccentricity, which may have an impact on gaze behavior. The pipeline has been tested with an exemplary study on a first-person shooter game. In particular, a protocol is presented describing the data acquisition procedure, the learning of different importance maps from the data, and finally an evaluation of the performance of the derived gaze predictors. A metric measuring the degree of correlation between attention predicted by the importance map and the actual gaze yielded clearly positive results. The correlation becomes particularly strong when the player is attentive to an in-game task.
Alveolar socket preservation with demineralised bovine bone mineral and a collagen matrix

Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the healing of post-extraction sockets following alveolar ridge preservation clinically, radiologically, and histologically. Methods Overall, 7 extraction sockets in 7 patients were grafted with demineralised bovine bone mineral and covered with a porcine-derived non-crosslinked collagen matrix (CM). Soft tissue healing was clinically evaluated on the basis of a specific healing index. Horizontal and vertical ridge dimensional changes were assessed clinically and radiographically at baseline and 6 months after implant placement. For histological and histomorphometric analysis, bone biopsies were harvested from the augmented sites during implant surgery 6 months after the socket preservation procedure. Results Clinically, healing proceeded uneventfully in all the sockets. A trend towards reduced horizontal and vertical socket dimensions was observed from baseline to the final examination. The mean width and height of resorption were 1.21 mm (P=0.005) and 0.46 mm (P=0.004), respectively. Histologically, residual xenograft particles (31.97%±3.52%) were surrounded by either newly formed bone (16.02%±7.06%) or connective tissue (50.67%±8.42%) without fibrous encapsulation. The CM underwent a physiological substitution process in favour of well-vascularised collagen-rich connective tissue. Conclusions Socket preservation using demineralised bovine bone mineral in combination with CM provided stable dimensional changes of the alveolar ridge associated with good re-epithelialisation of the soft tissues during a 6-month healing period.
Fine-grained entity typing for knowledge base completion

Most work on knowledge base completion focuses on relations between entities, while entity types are also important knowledge. This paper addresses the problem of fine-grained entity typing for knowledge base completion. Context information plays a vital role in fine-grained entity typing, hence there is an urgent need to find ideal context representations. This paper presents a new approach CNNJM (convolutional neural network joint model) to learn the embeddings of the entities and their contextual information using convolutional neural network and correctly categorize the entities into their fine-grained type classes. We show that CNNJM outperforms state-of-art methods on a fine-grained entity typing benchmark.
Endogenous Targets of Transcriptional Gene Silencing in Arabidopsis

Transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) frequently inactivates foreign genes integrated into plant genomes but very likely also suppresses an unknown subset of chromosomal information. Accordingly, RNA analysis of mutants impaired in silencing should uncover endogenous targets of this epigenetic regulation. We compared transcripts from wild-type Arabidopsis carrying a silent transgene with RNA from an isogenic transgene-expressing TGS mutant. Two cDNA clones were identified representing endogenous RNA expressed only in the mutant. The synthesis of these RNAs was found to be released in several mutants affected in TGS, implying that TGS in general and not a particular mutation controls the transcriptional activity of their templates. Detailed analysis revealed that the two clones are part of longer transcripts termed TSI (for transcriptionally silent information). Two major classes of related TSI transcripts were found in a mutant cDNA library. They are synthesized from repeats present in heterochromatic pericentromeric regions of Arabidopsis chromosomes. These repeats share sequence homology with the 3′ terminal part of the putative retrotransposon Athila. However, the transcriptional activation does not include the transposon itself and does not promote its movement. There is no evidence for a general release of silencing from retroelements. Thus, foreign genes in plants encounter the epigenetic control normally directed, at least in part, toward a subset of pericentromeric repeats.
The origin of self-excited oscillation of double-walled carbon nanotubes

The mechanism of self-excited oscillation of the inner tube in a double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) is investigated with the aid of the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In the simulation, the outer tube is fixed, and the inner tube is free in terms of axial displacement and rotation. The MD results indicate that a van der Walls (vdW) energy barrier to axial oscillation exists in both commensurate and incommensurate DWCNTs, and this vdW energy barrier can be broken through at sufficient high temperatures or with sufficiently large rotational excitations. The max amplitude of axial oscillation of the inner tube can reach larger than half distance of the difference between the length of the inner and outer tubes when the temperature exceeds around 10 ∼ 100 K for the incommensurate tubes and around 500 ∼ 700 K for the commensurate tubes. Above the critical temperature, the rotational excitation cannot increase the axial oscillation amplitude of the inner tube, but below the critical temperature, a sufficiently large rotational excitation can trigger an axial oscillation with large amplitude for incommensurate DWCNTs. Our findings are therefore helpful to both the understanding of oscillation mechanism and the design of nano-devices at ultralow temperature.
Impact of a Home Leisure Educational Program for Older Adults Who Have Had a Stroke (Home Leisure Educational Program)

Leisure education seems to be an important step for older adults who have difficulty adjusting psychologically after a stroke. A randomized clinical trial design tested this hypothesis. The participants were assigned to two groups, an experimental leisure educational group and a placebo "friendly visit" group, and received 10 individual sessions at home after discharge from rehabilitation. Baseline assessments were carried out upon admission to the study and upon discharge (i.e., first session at home, and the second assessment 10 weeks later). The participants receiving the home leisure educational program performed significantly better on physical and total quality of life measures than the placebo participants.
Focused Update of the ACC / AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

*Chair of 2004 Writing Committee; †Recused from voting on Section 8: Anticoagulants as Ancillary Therapy and Section 10: Anticoagulants; ‡Recused from voting on Section 5: Facilitated PCI; §Canadian Cardiovascular Society Representative; American Academy of Family Physicians Representative; ¶American College of Physicians Representative; **Recused from voting on Section 7: PCI After Fibrinolysis or for Patients Not Undergoing Primary Reperfusion; ††Performance Measures Liaison; ublished by Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/j.jacc. 2007.10. 001
Modeling the User in Natural Language Systems

For intelligent interactive systems to communicate with humans in a natural manner, they must have knowledge about the system users. This paper explores the role of user modeling in such systems. It begins with a characterization of what a user model is and how it can be used. The types of information that a user model may be required to keep about a user are then identified and discussed. User models themselves can vary greatly depending on the requirements of the situation and the implementation, so several dimensions along which they can be classified are presented. Since acquiring the knowledge for a user model is a fundamental problem in user modeling, a section is devoted to this topic. Next, the benefits and costs of implementing a user modeling component for a system are weighed in light of several aspects of the interaction requirements that may be imposed by the system. Finally, the current state of research in user modeling is summarized, and future research topics that must be addressed in order to achieve powerful, general user modeling systems are assessed.
Social and cultural change: Making space(s) for leisure and tourism

Editors' IntroductionMaria Casado Diaz, Sally Everett, Julie WilsonGranny's Gone to Vegas: The Construction of Leisure in the Lives of Older Women Living in HawaiiAnne CampbellThe Meaning and Significance of Leisure for Women in Later Life: The Contribution of Biographical ResearchDiane SedgleyStrictly Gone Dancing: Age, Dance and LeisurePeter BramhamTourism and the Inclusive Society: Conceptual and Policy Developments in the UKPhil Long and Scott McCabe, with Maria ScullionGoverning Healthy Families: Leisure and the Politics of RiskSimone FullagarPlace, Space and Community Development: Tensions Surrounding Diversity and Cohesion in Leisure Spatial PlanningPhil Binks and Robert SnapeChanging Spaces, Sustaining Community Spirit, Pride and Value: Outdoor Leisure's Role in Holistic Sustainable Regeneration in South WalesKim PolistinaFestival Spaces and the Visitor ExperienceMichael MorganCritical Impacts of Tourism: The Case of SchiermonnikoogAlbert Postma and Anne Klaas SchilderPilgrims and Hikers in the Kii Peninsula: a Study of the Relationship between Religious and Leisure Mobility in JapanPaolo Barbaro
Towards the Use of Software Product Metrics as an Indicator for Measuring Mobile Applications Power Consumption

Maintaining factory default battery endurance rate over time in supporting huge amount of running applications on energy-restricted mobile devices has created a new challenge for mobile applications developer. While delivering customers’ unlimited expectations, developers are barely aware of efficient use of energy from the application itself. Thus, developers need a set of valid energy consumption indicators in assisting them to develop energy saving applications. In this paper, we present a few software product metrics that can be used as an indicator to measure energy consumption of Android-based mobile applications in the early of design stage. In particular, Trepn Profiler (Power profiling tool for Qualcomm processor) has used to collect the data of mobile application power consumption, and then analyzed for the 23 software metrics in this preliminary study. The results show that McCabe cyclomatic complexity, number of parameters, nested block depth, number of methods, weighted methods per class, number of classes, total lines of code and method lines have direct relationship with power consumption of mobile application.