Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The electromagnetic Christodoulou memory effect and its application to neutron star binary mergers

Gravitational waves are predicted by the general theory of relativity. It has been shown that gravitational waves have a nonlinear memory, displacing test masses permanently. This is called the Christodoulou memory. We proved that the electromagnetic field contributes at highest order to the nonlinear memory effect of gravitational waves, enlarging the permanent displacement of test masses. In experiments like LISA or LIGO which measure distances of test masses, the Christodoulou memory will manifest itself as a permanent displacement of these objects. It has been suggested to detect the Christodoulou memory effect using radio telescopes investigating small changes in pulsar’s pulse arrival times. The latter experiments are based on present-day technology and measure changes in frequency. In the present paper, we study the electromagnetic Christodoulou memory effect and compute it for binary neutron star mergers. These are typical sources of gravitational radiation. During these processes, not only mass and momenta are radiated away in form of gravitational waves, but also very strong magnetic fields are produced and radiated away. Moreover, a large portion of the energy is carried away by neutrinos. We give constraints on the conditions, where the energy transported by electromagnetic radiation is of similar or slightly higher order than the energy radiated in gravitational waves or in form of neutrinos. We find that for coalescing neutron stars, large magnetic fields magnify the Christodoulou memory as long as the gaseous environment is sufficiently rarefied. Thus the observed effect on test masses of a laser interferometer gravitational wave detector will be enlarged by the contribution of the electromagnetic field. Therefore, the present results are important for the planned experiments. Looking at the null asymptotics of spacetimes, which are solutions of the Einstein–Maxwell equations, we derive the electromagnetic Christodoulou memory effect. We obtain an exact solution of the full nonlinear problem, no approximations were used. Moreover, our results allow to answer astrophysical questions, as the knowledge about the amount of energy radiated away in a neutron star binary merger enables us to gain information about the source of the gravitational waves.
Studies with Bacillus polymyxa; potassium as a factor in the production of 2,3-butanediol from starch.

Potassium either as potassium chloride or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate was found to stimulate production of 2,3-butanediol from starch by Bacillus polymyxa and to increase the diol: ethanol ratio. In a casein hydrolysate medium, potassium alone produced this effect; however, in a synthetic (amino acid) medium, phosphorus was found to cause a slight increase in yield of diol especially in the presence of potassium.Potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium were shown to be required for growth of B. polymyxa in a synthetic medium containing glucose, amino acids, and biotin.By means of 'resting cells' of B. polymyxa, acting on glucose, it was demonstrated that potassium specifically stimulated the diol-synthesizing mechanism and that sodium could replace this element partially.
Emergency Liquidity Facilities, Signalling and Funding Costs

In the months preceding the failure of Lehman Brothers in September 2008, banks were willing to pay a premium over the Federal Reserve’s discount window (DW) rate to participate in the much less flexible Term Auction Facility (TAF). We empirically test the predictions of a new signalling model that offers a rationale for offering two different liquidity facilities. In our model, illiquid yet solvent banks need to pay a high cost to access the TAF as a way to signal their quality, in exchange for more favourable funding in the future. Less solvent banks access the less costly and more flexible DW in case they experience an unexpected run, paying a higher future funding cost. The existence of two facilities with different characteristics allowed banks to signal their level of solvency, which helped to decrease asymmetric information during the crisis. Using recently disclosed data on access to these facilities, we provide evidence consistent with these results. Banks that accessed TAF in 2008 paid approximately 31 basis points less in the interbank lending market in 2010 and were perceived as less risky than banks that accessed the DW. Our results can contribute to a better design of liquidity facilities during a financial crisis.
Transient analysis of PM synchronous motor drives by finite element model co-simulation

This paper presents an analysis technique of electric motor drives based on transient simulation tools and embedded finite-element motor modeling (co-simulation). A couple of software tools, namely Cedrat Flux and Portunus, are employed suitably interfaced each other. The first one allows the computation of the motor electromagnetic behavior using a finite element model, while the second one allows the dynamic simulation of the control and feeding converter. The interacting use of these tools allows a detailed prediction of the motor transient behavior under a given control strategy and drive scheme. As test case a permanent magnet synchronous motor for biomedical application is considered, driven by field-oriented control. The co-simulation approach is at first compared with the (usual) lumped parameter modeling simulation and then verified by experiments. The results demonstrate that the co-simulation procedure allows taking into account not negligible phenomena, such as cogging and torque ripple, usually not considered in similar studies. Hence, co-simulation analysis represents a significant step for the integrate design of the motor and control, as well as a meaningful tool for electrical drives education.
An N-terminal Region of Sp1 Targets Its Proteasome-dependent Degradation in Vitro*

The transcription factor Sp1 is important for the expression of many cellular genes. Previously, it was shown that reduced O-glycosylation of Sp1 is associated with increased proteasome susceptibility. Sp1 undergoes proteasome-dependent degradation in cells stressed with glucose deprivation and adenylate cyclase activation, and this process is blocked in cells treated with glucosamine. In this study, using a reconstituted in vitro system, we identified the principal structural determinant in Sp1 that targets Sp1 for proteasome-dependent degradation. We found by using deletion analysis that the N-terminal 54 amino acids of Sp1 is required for Sp1 degradation. This element can act as an independent processing signal by directing degradation of an unrelated protein. Recognition of this Sp1 element by the proteasome-dependent system is saturable, and ubiquitination of this element is not required for recognition. Time course experiments revealed that Sp1 degradation is a two-step process. First, a discrete endoproteolytic cleavage occurs downstream of the target region immediately C-terminal to Leu56. The Sp1 sequence C-terminal to the cleavage site is subsequently degraded, whereas the N-terminal peptide remains intact. The identification of this Sp1 degradation-targeting signal will facilitate the identification of the critical proteins involved in the control of Sp1 proteasome-dependent degradation and the role of OGlcNAc in this process.
New Life-Style Determinants of Women's Food Shopping Behavior

Women's current high levels of participation in the labor force have focused attention on changing life-styles and consumption patterns. This study uses life-style variables as predictors of food shopping behavior. A set of intervening variables reflecting women's attitudes toward food preparation explains their food shopping behavior better than either a working/nonworking classification or general role orientations.
COMPARISON OF PORTAPRES® WITH STANDARD SPHYGMOMANOMETRY IN PREGNANCY

Background: Continuous beat-to-beat noninvasive blood pressure (BP) measurement is possible with Portapres®. It constructs finger arterial waveforms beat-to-beat. Dedicated software is used to analyze the arterial waveforms. A new technique has been developed to reconstruct brachial intra-arterial pressure that uses return to flow (RTF). This method has been validated against invasive intra-arterial measurements in nonpregnant individuals. Objectives: To validate Portapres in normal and preeclamptic pregnant women against standard anaeroid sphygmomanometry according to Riva–Rocci–Korotkoff (RRK). Methods: In 30 normotensive (10 in each trimester) and 20 preeclamptic women, two trained observers blinded from each other's results took BP measurements with a standard sphygmomanometer. These measurements were compared with sequential same-arm averaged measurements obtained during 30 sec by Portapres, following protocols from the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI, mean accepted difference≤5 mmHg, SD≤8) and British Hypertension Society (BHS, gradings A down to D). Results: A total of 150 measurement pairs were analyzed. Cumulative percentages of absolute pressure differences for all women (BHS) and mean pressure differences (SD) for different trimesters and preeclampsia (AAMI) between sphygmomanometry and Portapres were calculated. Overall, mean difference (SD) for systolic BP was 5 (SD 8) and for diastolic BP was −3 (SD 8), although analysis of variance revealed a significant effect for preeclampsia on diastolic differences between the two methods of BP measurement (p<0.001). Conclusions: Portapres with RTF, developed to equal intra-arterial brachial pressure, compares reasonably well to RRK and overall meets the criteria set by the AAMI. According to the BHS, Portapres receives a B-grading for diastolic BP and a C-grading for systolic BP. As Portapres measures BP and calculates cardiac output continuously and noninvasively, it would appear worthwhile to further evaluate this device in pathological pregnancies.
Semiempirical model for nanoscale device simulations

We present a semiempirical model for calculating electron transport in atomic-scale devices. The model is an extension of the extended H\"uckel method with a self-consistent Hartree potential that models the effect of an external bias and corresponding charge rearrangements in the device. It is also possible to include the effect of external gate potentials and continuum dielectric regions in the device. The model is used to study the electron transport through an organic molecule between gold surfaces, and it is demonstrated that the results are in closer agreement with experiments than ab initio approaches provide. In another example, we study the transition from tunneling to thermionic emission in a transistor structure based on graphene nanoribbons.
Extending the technology acceptance model to mobile telecommunication innovation: The existence of network externalities

Consumer acceptance of technological innovations is crucial to marketing new products. According to the most influential model in this area, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) determine users' behavioural intentions to use or purchase a system or product. In the specific context of network externalities, a sense of utility that arises from the number of users (NOU) is considered as important as technology-specific valuation. This study conducted an empirical survey to examine the effects of TAM and network externalities on the acceptance of Multimedia Messaging Services (MMS), an innovation in the field of mobile telecommunications. The results confirm the effectiveness of the TAM and find that network externalities effect affects users' acceptance to this mobile innovations. Accordingly, the TAM can be applied to predict consumer's acceptance to the mobile telecommunication innovations in the presence of network externalities. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personal characteristics, trust, conflict, and effectiveness in marketing/sales working relationships

Purpose – The key objective of this research is to test how two trust dimensions (cognition‐based trust and affect‐based trust) mediate the effects of three personal characteristics (psychological distance, the marketing manager's sales experience, and the marketing manager's relative level of formal education) on the following outcome variables: dysfunctional conflict, functional conflict, and perceived relationship effectiveness.Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on the interaction approach, the paper develops a conceptual framework to better understand the nature of the working relationship between marketing managers and sales managers. In total, it develops and test 13 hypotheses. Partial least squares was used to assess the validity of the measures, and to estimate the structural model. Using a cross‐sectional design, data were collected from 101 marketing managers in Australia.Findings – The hypothesized model has high explanatory power and it was found that both trust dimensions strongly affecte.
Efficiency of Oxidative Phosphorylation During the Oxidation of Pyruvate

1. Gladiolic acid (4-methoxy-5-methyl-o-phthalaldehyde-3-carboxylic acid in the open-chain form) is the only fungistatic compound among the known metabolic products of Penicillium gladioli Machacek. 2. o-Phthalaldehyde shows fungistatic activity in the same concentration range as gladiolic acid and tests on a large number of derivatives of gladiolic acid and on simple model substances indicate that activity is connectedwith the presence oftwo formyl substituents in the ortho position on the aromatic nucleus. The lactol form of gladiolic acid (4-formyl3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-methylphthalide) is believed to be inactive. 3. The percentage of dissociated molecules of gladiolic acid present at any given pH is in good agreement with the percentage of hydrated openchain (dihydroxyphthalan) form calculated from the ultraviolet absorption. The undissociated lactol and hydrated open-chain anion make up 99% of the total gladiolic acid present at any given pH. 4. An attempt to explain the variation of the equieffective concentration ofgladiolic acid with the external pH, on the basis that whereas the hydrated open-chain anion is the active species, only the undissociated lactol form penetrates into the spore, is not unsuccessful. 5. The variation with pH of the activity of acetylgladiolic acid and certain closely related neutral derivatives is not quite so satisfactorily explained on the hypothesis that the molecules penetrate unchanged but undergo intemal enzymic hydrolysis to gladiolic acid. 6. The enhanced specificity of the fungistatic action of gladiolic acid compared with that of o-phthalaldehyde arises from the presence of the carboxyl substituent adjacent to the o-diformyl grouping.
Analysis of the performance of the Rennies Provident Fund's investment management strategy : a case study on whether the investment fund management strategy employed by the Rennies Provident Fund has created or destroyed shareholder value.

In this study, the performance of the Rennies Provident Fund's management strategy is reviewed. The study aims to determine whether the Fund's management strategy created or destroyed shareholder value over the past 17year period of its existence up to and including the 2004 financial year. First, the Rennies Provident Fund's performance is reviewed against its internally set performance objective of returning CPI (consumer price index) + 3% to its members. Secondly, the Fund's performance is compared to that of similar pension funds. Thirdly, the performance objective that the Fund has set itself is critiqued against the performance objectives of other pension funds. Finally, the value-based performance measurement approach is applied to the fund to determine whether shareholder value has been created or destroyed in absolute money terms during the 2003 financial year. This study finds that the Rennies Provident Fund has on average achieved the required internally set benchmark of returning CPI + 3% over the 17-year period of its existence. However, when the performance of the Fund is compared to available data for similar funds over a 12-year period, this study finds that the Rennies Provident Fund performed poorly. Further, this study also finds that in absolute monetary terms, the Rennies Provident Fund destroyed shareholder value over the 17-year review period.
Value co-creation in e-commerce contexts: does product type matter?

Purpose Based on service-dominant logic (SDL) and related perspectives, which suggest that value is co-created through the integration of resources, the purpose of this study is to propose a model which considers two value co-creation sources: firm resources, in the form of process electronic-service quality (ESQ) and outcome ESQ, and consumer resources, as represented by consumer expertise and its antecedents (i.e. social expertise and Internet skills). The effect of product type on the relationship between both co-creation sources, and the value is analyzed. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a post-positivist approach. The study begins with cause and effect thinking to build a literature-driven model. Subsequently, pre-existent measures are adapted to the research context, and a Web-based questionnaire is built. The survey administration process yields 1,024 usable responses from Spanish Internet shoppers. To analyze the validity and reliability of the proposed scales and test the relationships hypothesized, the multivariate statistical techniques confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are used. Findings For low-outlay/high-frequency (LO/HF) products, consumers rely more on their own resources, and expertise is more important than process and outcome quality. For high-outlay/low-frequency (HO/LF) products, however, firm resources have a stronger impact. Practical implications The study findings may be useful to design e-commerce strategies combining specific ESQ and expertise-related policies according to the type of product offered by the e-service provider. Originality/value The empirical study reported here confers similar salience to both consumer resources and firm resources to explain value perception, which is unusual. This is the first study addressed to explain perceived value in a business-to-consumer e-commerce context by jointly considering firm resources (process ESQ and outcome ESQ), consumer resources (expertise) and product type. The moderating effect of product type is consistent with insights from prior marketing research but counterintuitive. It could be thought that expertise should be more important for HO/LF products, which is contrary to the results of this study.
PROJECT FINAL REPORT

Grant Agreement number: 247868 Project acronym: e-LIFT Project title: Laser printing of organic/inorganic material for the fabrication of electronic devices Funding Scheme: Small or medium scale focused research project (STREP) ICT-2009 3.3 a): Flexible, organic and/or large area electronic devices and building blocks Period covered: from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2012 Name of the scientific representative of the project's co-ordinator, Title and Organisation: Dr. DELAPORTE Philippe Director of Research at CNRS National Centre of the Scientific Research (CNRS) Tel: 33 491 829 284 Fax: 33 491 829 289 E-mail: delaporte@lp3.univ-mrs.fr
E-Halal as Method and Apparatus for Halal Product Detection in Malaysia

Malaysian government has established State Islamic Religious Council (JAKIM) to monitor the halal products in local market. Numerous methods have been taken by JAKIM in order to make Muslim in Malaysia consume a pure halal product in Market. One of the methods that have been established to help the users to check the status of the halal product in local market is by using E-halal system. The objective of this paper is to discover the advantages and disadvantages uses of E-Halal in Malaysia. E-halal is system that allowed buyers to check the status of the halal certificates of the products in Malaysia. By smartphones and other latest gadgets, users can easily check the halal status of the products. Among the advantages of E-halal system is, it can help users to choose halal products in a short time, used to detect the halal status of the restaurants and not only the products in the local market, user friendly, ease consumer and manufacturing. Even though the E-halal system give Muslim a lot of advantages but this system also has its own disadvantages. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n5s2p638
Structural analysis of embryogenesis of Leiarius marmoratus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)

Summary Embryological studies in fish species are useful to the understanding of their biology and systematics. The available biological data in Leiarius marmoratus are scarce and additional information about its reproductive biology is needed, mainly because this species has been commercially exploited and used in production of hybrid lineages. In order to evaluate the temporal–morphological embryonic modifications in L. marmoratus, samples of nearly 200 embryos were collected at random at different stages of development, starting from fecundation (time zero). Embryos were fixed in modified Karnovsk's solution and 2.5% glutaraldehyde, processed and analysed under optic and electron microscopy. The incubation period of L. marmoratus was equal to 14.42 h at a mean temperature of 28.3 ± 0.07°C. The following stages of embryonic development were established: zygote, cleavage, gastrula, organogenesis and hatching. These stages were divided into phases, as follows: cleavage – phases of 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 cells and morula; gastrula – phases of 25, 50, 75 and 90% of epiboly and blastopore closure; and organogenesis – neurula, segmentation and pre-larval phases. The embryogenesis of L. marmoratus was typical of neotropical teleosteans, with peculiarities in species development.
Salesperson coachability: what it is and why it matters

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of salesperson coachability and to propose potential relationships between it and sales coaching and sales performance.Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual paper reviews the sales coaching and sales performance literature to highlight how the knowledge of each may be enhanced by the coachability construct. The concept of athletic coachability is then introduced to explain why it should be adapted and applied to salespeople in a personal selling context.Findings – Adapting and applying the concept of athlete coachability to salespeople in a personal selling context may provide sales management practitioners and academics a better understanding of how certain salesperson personality traits combine and interact with certain situational influences to impact sales performance.Research limitations/implications – Future studies need to test the propositions advanced.Practical implications – Salesperson coachability may be used by sales mana.