Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic properties of FP-LD transmitters using side-mode injection locking for LANs and WDM-PONs

In this paper, the dynamic properties of Fabry-Perot laser diode (FP-LD) transmitters using side-mode injection locking, which are intended to be applied in wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical networks (WDM-PON) and local area networks (LANs), have been investigated. Both the direct modulation properties and wavelength switching properties of the transmitters have been clarified theoretically and experimentally, as well as the important direct modulation characteristics, such as injection power dependence, side-mode dependence, and wavelength detuning dependence. To confirm the transmission ability, fundamental transmission experiments of the transmitters in both continuous and discontinuous injection cases have been made. The experiments clarified that the error-free transmission was possible in both cases. Falling and rising times during wavelength switching actions in LAN applications have been calculated and measured. A high-speed switching method was proposed in this paper, and the effectiveness of the proposed method has been confirmed theoretically and experimentally
Detecting and segmenting cell nuclei in two-dimensional microscopy images

Introduction: Cell nuclei are important indicators of cellular processes and diseases. Segmentation is an essential stage in systems for quantitative analysis of nuclei extracted from microscopy images. Given the wide variety of nuclei appearance in different organs and staining procedures, a plethora of methods have been described in the literature to improve the segmentation accuracy and robustness. Materials and Methods: In this paper, we propose an unsupervised method for cell nuclei detection and segmentation in two-dimensional microscopy images. The nuclei in the image are detected automatically using a matching-based method. Next, edge maps are generated at multiple image blurring levels followed by edge selection performed in polar space. The nuclei contours are refined iteratively in the constructed edge pyramid. The validation study was conducted over two cell nuclei datasets with manual labeling, including 25 hematoxylin and eosin-stained liver histopathology images and 35 Papanicolaou-stained thyroid images. Results: The nuclei detection accuracy was measured by miss rate, and the segmentation accuracy was evaluated by two types of error metrics. Overall, the nuclei detection efficiency of the proposed method is similar to the supervised template matching method. In comparison to four existing state-of-the-art segmentation methods, the proposed method performed the best with average segmentation error 10.34% and 0.33 measured by area error rate and normalized sum of distances (×10). Conclusion: Quantitative analysis showed that the method is automatic and accurate when segmenting cell nuclei from microscopy images with noisy background and has the potential to be used in clinic settings.
THE EFFECTS OF WING ROTATION ON UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE AT LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS

The downstroke-to-upstroke transition of many insects is characterized by rapid wing rotation. The aerodynamic consequences of these rapid changes in angle of attack have been investigated using a mechanical model dynamically scaled to the Reynolds number appropriate for the flight of small insects such as Drosophila. Several kinematic parameters of the wing flip were examined, including the speed and axis of rotation, as well as the duration and angle of attack during the wing stroke preceding rotation. Alteration of these kinematic parameters altered force generation during the subsequent stroke in a variety of ways. 1. When the rotational axis was close to the trailing edge, the model wing could capture vorticity generated during rotation and greatly increase aerodynamic performance. This vortex capture was most clearly manifested by the generation of lift at an angle of attack of 0°. Lift at a 0° angle of attack was also generated following rotation about the leading edge, but only if the downstroke angle was large enough to generate a von Karman street. The lift may be due to an alteration in the effective angle of attack caused by the inter-vortex stream in the downstroke wake. 2. The maximum lift attained (over all angles of attack) was substantially elevated if the wing translated backwards through a wake generated by the previous stroke. Transient lift coefficient values of nearly 4 were obtained when the wing translated back through a von Karman street generated at a 76.5° angle of attack. This effect might also be explained by the influence of the inter-vortex stream, which contributes a small component to fluid velocity in the direction of translation. 3. The growth of lift with angle of attack was significantly elevated following a 7.5 chord stroke with a 76.5° angle of attack, although it was relatively constant under all other kinematic conditions. 4. The results also indicate the discrepancies between transient and time-averaged measures of performance that arise when unsteady mechanisms are responsible for force generation. Although the influence of wing rotation was strong during the first few chords of translation, averaging the performance over as little as 6.5 chords of motion greatly attenuated the effects of rotation. 5. Together, these modeling results suggest that the unsteady mechanisms generated by simple wing flips could provide an important source for the production of aerodynamic forces in insect flight. Furthermore, the extreme sensitivity to small variations in almost all kinematic parameters could provide a foundation for understanding the aerodynamic mechanisms underlying active flight control.
Introducing the Cuddlebot: A Robot that Responds to Touch Gestures

We present the Cuddlebot, a cat-sized robot equipped with a full-body, flexible fabric pressure sensitive touch sensor. Cuddlebot can move its head, arch its back, purr, and change how it ``breathes. ' Our research explores how touch interactions affect stress and anxiety mitigation, and we demonstrate our current gesture recognition system, enabling users to connect sensed gestures and response behaviours.
Array operations for secure information flow

Array operations exist in many nontrivial programs. Array operations can cause subtle information leaks. Many type systems of secure information flow have been developed, however, so far little type system attention to secure information flow of discretional array operations. This paper allows array as first-class value and encodes multidimensional array as array of array by alias array. The soundness of our type system is proved by noninterference.
Lack of Spem1 causes aberrant cytoplasm removal, sperm deformation, and male infertility

We identified a previously uncharacterized gene, spermatid maturation 1 (Spem1), encoding a protein exclusively expressed in the cytoplasm of steps 14–16 elongated spermatids in the mouse testis. This protein contains no known functional domains and is highly conserved across mammalian species. Male mice deficient in Spem1 were completely infertile because of deformed sperm characterized by a bent head wrapped around by the neck and the middle piece of the tail. We show that lack of Spem1 causes failure of the cytoplasm to become loose and detach from the head and the neck region of the developing spermatozoa. Retained cytoplasmic components mechanically obstruct the straightening of the sperm head and the stretching of the growing tail, leading to the bending of the head in the neck, followed by the wrapping of the head by the neck or the middle piece of the sperm tail. Our study reveals that proper cytoplasm removal is a genetically regulated process requiring the participation of Spem1 and that lack of Spem1 causes sperm deformation and male infertility.
Accuracy verification of single-electron pumps with 0.2 ppm uncertainty

A current source based on clocked single-electron transfer is the natural candidate for the realization of the base unit ampere following a future redefinition by a fixed value of the elementary charge. However, the accuracy depends on microscopic processes and has to be verified for each device. Building on the recent advances on instrumentation we verify the accuracy of the generated current with an uncertainty of 0.16 ppm for one day of averaging.
Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring: focus on safety

Importance of the field: Voriconazole has been widely used for the treatment of invasive fungal diseases, particularly invasive aspergillosis. Drug–drug interactions are, however, the main drawback associated with voriconazole use, since this drug suffers from extensive hepatic metabolism. Areas covered in this review: This article reviews the current literature on voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring, with a special focus on drug safety. What the reader will gain: An update on voriconazole metabolism, drug interactions, toxicity and the relation of these with voriconazole drug concentrations. Take home message: Therapy with voriconazole may be better guided by measuring voriconazole concentrations in the plasma.
Small-signal stability analysis of delayed power system stabilizers

This paper presents a stability analysis of power system stabilizers (PSS) for synchronous generators with inclusion of time delays. The paper shows that a time delay in the PSS feedback loop can improve the small-signal stability of a power system if the regulator gain is properly tuned. The paper provides a proof-of-principle analysis based on the classical model of the synchronous machine as well as a case study based on a detailed transient model of the IEEE 14-bus test system. The paper also provides a discussion on the practical implications that the properties of delayed PSS can have on the control of synchronous machines and of the whole power system.
Serum human epididymis protein 4 ( HE 4 ) and Risk for Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm ( ROMA ) as new diagnostic and prognostic tools for epithelial ovarian cancer management

”Angelo Nocivelli” Institute of Molecular Medicine, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Brescia, Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Italy 3 Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics, Roma, Italy Department of Laboratory Medicine, A.O. Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Brescia, Italy Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
How the Body Talks

In the hippocampal dentate gyrus, stem cells maintain the capacity to produce new neurons into adulthood. These adult-generated neurons become fully functional and are incorporated into the existing hippocampal circuit. The process of adult neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal functioning and is influenced by various environmental, hormonal and disease-related
An ensemble learning approach for prediction of phosphorylation sites

Protein phosphorylation plays a fundamental role in most of the cellular regulatory pathways. Experimental identification of phosphorylation sites is labour-intensive and often limited by the availability and optimisation of enzymatic reaction. An ensemble learning approach that combines different encodings using a meta-learner was developed which was catalyzed by four protein kinase families and three residues. A predictor is constructed to predict the true and false phosphorylation sites based on Support Vector Machines (SVM), and knowledge based encoding method is used for amino sequences. Different encoding methods catch different aspects of amino sequences feature. The stacking SVM approach was applied to combine these aspects and improved both sensitivity and specificity.
Online Cross-Modal Hashing for Web Image Retrieval

Cross-modal hashing (CMH) is an efficient technique for the fast retrieval of web image data, and it has gained a lot of attentions recently. However, traditional CMH methods usually apply batch learning for generating hash functions and codes. They are inefficient for the retrieval of web images which usually have streaming fashion. Online learning can be exploited for CMH. But existing online hashing methods still cannot solve two essential problems: efficient updating of hash codes and analysis of cross-modal correlation. In this paper, we propose Online Cross-modal Hashing (OCMH) which can effectively address the above two problems by learning the shared latent codes (SLC). In OCMH, hash codes can be represented by the permanent SLC and dynamic transfer matrix. Therefore, inefficient updating of hash codes is transformed to the efficient updating of SLC and transfer matrix, and the time complexity is irrelevant to the database size. Moreover, SLC is shared by all the modalities, and thus it can encode the latent cross-modal correlation, which further improves the overall cross-modal correlation between heterogeneous data. Experimental results on two real-world multi-modal web image datasets: MIR Flickr and NUS-WIDE, demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of OCMH for online cross-modal web image retrieval.
Transmembrane Segment Five Serines of the D4 Dopamine Receptor Uniquely Influence the Interactions of Dopamine, Norepinephrine, and Ro10-4548

Conserved serines of transmembrane segment (TM) five (TM5) are critical for the interactions of endogenous catecholamines with α1- and α2-adrenergic, β2-adrenergic, and D1, D2, and D3 dopamine receptors. The unique high-affinity interaction of the D4 dopamine receptor subtype with both norepinephrine and dopamine, and the fact that TM5 serine interactions have never been studied for this receptor subtype, led us to investigate the interactions of ligands with D4 receptor TM5 serines. Serine-to-alanine mutations at positions 5.42 and 5.46 drastically decreased affinities of dopamine and norepinephrine for the D4 receptor. The D4-S5.43A receptor mutant had substantially reduced affinity for norepinephrine, but a modest loss of affinity for dopamine. In functional assays of cAMP accumulation, norephinephrine was unable to activate any of the mutant receptors, even though the agonist quinpirole displayed wild-type functional properties for all of them. Dopamine was unable to activate the S5.46A mutant and had reduced potency for the S5.43A mutant and reduced potency and efficacy for the S5.42A mutant. In contrast, Ro10-4548 [RAC-2′-2-hydroxy-3-4-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl-propoxy-acetanilide], a catechol-like antagonist of the wild-type receptor unexpectedly functions as an agonist of the S5.43A mutant. Other noncatechol ligands had similar properties for mutant and wild-type receptors. This is the first example of a dopamine receptor point mutation selectively changing the receptor's interaction with a specific antagonist to that of an agonist, and together with other data, provides evidence, supported by molecular modeling, that catecholamine-type agonism is induced by different ligand-specific configurations of intermolecular H-bonds with the TM5 conserved serines.
Telomerase activity analysis of esophageal carcinoma using microdissection-TRAP assay.

OBJECTIVES To investigate telomerase activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its preneoplasia lesions, and to study the relationships between telomerase activity and cancer differentiation, cancer invasiveness, and lymphatic metastasis. METHODS Telomerase activity in esophageal SCC tissues, adjacent dysplasia tissues and normal epithelia from the surgical edge were assessed by microdissection-TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol)-silver staining assay. RESULTS Telomerase activity was detected in 37 (82.2%) of 45 esophageal tumors, 23 (79.3%) of 29 dysplasias, and 2 (5%) of 40 normal epithelia. There was a significant difference in activity between dysplasia and normal epithelium, as well as between tumor and normal epithelium. Twenty-six (92.9%) of 28 tumors with lymphatic metastasis had detectable telomerase activity compared to 11 (64.7%) of 17 non-lymphatic metastasis tumors. These relationships were statistically significant (P < 0.05), but the one between telomerase activity and tumor grade was not. CONCLUSION Telomerase activity was high both in esophageal SCC and their preneoplasia lesions. The telomerase activity in SCC tissue was related to lymphatic metastasis, but not to cancer differentiation.
HIV Outcomes in Hepatitis B Virus Coinfected Individuals on HAART

Background:Understanding the impact of hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection on HIV outcomes in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era continues to be a critical priority given the high prevalence of coinfection and the potential for impaired immunologic, virologic, and clinical recovery. Methods:Participants from the US Military HIV Natural History Study with an HIV diagnosis on HAART and serologically confirmed HBV infection status at HAART initiation (HI) were classified into 4 HBV infection (HB) groups. HIV virologic, immunologic, and clinical outcomes were evaluated by HB status. Results:Of 2536 HIV-positive HAART recipients, with HBV testing results available to determine HB status in the HI window, HB status at HI was classified as HB negative (n = 1505; 66%), resolved HB (n = 518; 23%), isolated hepatitis B core antigen (n = 139; 6%), or chronic HB (n = 131; 6%). HIV virologic suppression and failure at 6 months or 1 year were not significantly different by HB status. A significantly faster rate of increase in CD4 cell count during the period between 4 and 12 years was observed for chronic HB relative to HB negative. Chronic and resolved HB were associated with an increased risk of AIDS/death compared with HB-negative individuals (chronic HB—hazard ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 2.68; resolved HB—hazard ratio = 1.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.15 to 2.25). Conclusions:HB status did not have a significant impact on HIV virologic outcomes, however, CD4 cell count reconstitution after HI and the risk of an AIDS event or death after HI may be associated with HB status.
Generalized Semantic Preserving Hashing for N-Label Cross-Modal Retrieval

Due to availability of large amounts of multimedia data, cross-modal matching is gaining increasing importance. Hashing based techniques provide an attractive solution to this problem when the data size is large. Different scenarios of cross-modal matching are possible, for example, data from the different modalities can be associated with a single label or multiple labels, and in addition may or may not have one-to-one correspondence. Most of the existing approaches have been developed for the case where there is one-to-one correspondence between the data of the two modalities. In this paper, we propose a simple, yet effective generalized hashing framework which can work for all the different scenarios, while preserving the semantic distance between the data points. The approach first learns the optimum hash codes for the two modalities simultaneously, so as to preserve the semantic similarity between the data points, and then learns the hash functions to map from the features to the hash codes. Extensive experiments on single label dataset like Wiki and multi-label datasets like NUS-WIDE, Pascal and LabelMe under all the different scenarios and comparisons with the state-of-the-art shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Identification of Face across Random Motion Blur, Illumination and Pose

Presented strategies for obtaining face identification in the existence of blur are maintain the convolution model and can't handle non-uniform blurring things that regularly occur from tilt and rotary motion in hand-held cameras. This paper, include a trend to propose a method for face recognition within the occurrence of space-varying motion blur comprise of arbitrarily-shaped kernels. We have a tendency to model the blurred face as a rounded arrangement of geometrically remodel instance of the targeted gallery face, and show that the set of all images obtained by non-uniformly blurring a given image forms a convex set. We 1st propose a non uniform blur-robust algorithmic program by creating use of constriction on the camera movement. The frame is then extended to handle illumination discrepancy by. At last, we tend to plan a graceful expansion to also account for dissimilarity in pose.
Dietary and lifestyle risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration: A hospital based study

Aim: To establish the frequency, associations and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in hospital population of South India. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional hospital based study, 3549 subjects (2090 men and 1459 women) above 45 years of age were screened randomly for AMD. Participants underwent ocular evaluation and were interviewed for lifestyle variables and dietary intake of carotenoids by structured food frequency questionnaire. AMD was defined according to the international classifications and grading system. Results: Either form of AMD was detected in 77 (2.2%) participants. Of which, early and late AMD was present in 63 (1.8%) and 14 (0.4%) subjects, respectively. Binary logistic analysis showed that the incidence of AMD was significantly higher with increasing age (Odds ratio [OR] 1.17; 95% CI 1.13-1.22) and diabetes (OR 3.97; 95% CI 2.11-7.46). However, AMD was significant among heavy cigarette smokers (OR 5.58; 95% CI 0.88-7.51) and alcoholics (OR 4.85; 95% CI 2.45-12.22). Dietary lutein/zeaxanthin (L/Z) and β-carotene intake were associated (P < 0.001) with the reduction in risk for AMD, with an OR of 0.38 and 0.65, respectively. Conclusions: Higher dietary intake of carotenoids, especially L/Z, was associated with lower risk for AMD. Risk of AMD is higher with increasing age and was prevalent among subjects with diabetes. Cessation of smoking and alcohol may reduce the risk of AMD in this population.
One year psychosocial outcome in head injury

Abstract Psychosocial outcome at one year post-injury was examined prospectively in 466 hospitalized head-injured subjects, 124 trauma controls, and 88 friend controls. The results indicate that head injury is associated with persistent psychosocial limitations. However, the presence and extent of limitations are related to the demographics of the population injured, to other system injuries sustained in the same accident, and particularly to the severity of the head injury. More severe head injuries are associated with limitations implying greater dependence on others including poorer Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) ratings, dependent living, unemployment, low income, and reliance on family and social subsidy systems. Head injury severity is more closely related to more objective indices of psychosocial outcome (e.g., employment) than to self-perceived psychosocial limitations, such as measured by the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). (JINS, 1995, I, 67–77.)
A general descriptor for detecting abnormal action performance from skeletal data

We propose an action-independent descriptor for detecting abnormality in motion, based on medically-inspired skeletal features. The descriptor is tested on four actions/motions captured using a single depth camera: sit-to-stand, stand-to-sit, flat-walk, and climbing-stairs. For each action, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) trained on normal motions is built using the action-independent feature descriptor. Test sequences are evaluated based on their fitness to the normal motion models, with a threshold over the likelihood, to assess abnormality. Results show that the descriptor is able to detect abnormality with accuracy ranging from 0.97 to 1 for the various motions.