Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Public Sociology in Print: A Comparative Analysis of Book Publishing in Three Social Science Disciplines

Much discussion surrounding Burawoy’s (2004) argument for public sociology has focused on concerns about the model’s normative and political implications while failing to empirically analyze current practices of public academic work. The debate thus risks devolving into competing rhetorical claims about what public sociology should be. We offer a preliminary comparative analysis of one type of public academic work — the writing of books — by sociologists, political scientists, and economists in Canada. In the hope of encouraging more empirical research on the current status of public academic work in Canada, books are put into one of six categories determined on the basis of 1) the publisher’s characteristics; 2) the book’s intended audience; and 3) the book’s intended intellectual/political purpose. We find that sociology lags behind political science in producing books intended for a public audience; however, other evidence suggests Canadian sociologists are attempting to open a public dialogue in a more “organic” way through small presses. Questions are raised about the status and rewards structure of professional sociology in Canada and how it influences public academic work. Les discussions a propos des arguments de Burawoy sur la sociologie publique se concentrent principalement autour des implications normative et politique du modele. Mais ces discussions omettent de tester empiriquement les travaux academiques publics contemporains. Il existe donc un risque que le debat s’egare en discussions rhetoriques autour de ce que la sociologie publique devrait etre. Nous proposons une analyse preliminaire d’un type de travail academique public, soit la production de livres par des sociologues, politologues et economistes au Canada. Dans l’espoir d’inciter les recherches empiriques sur le statut actuel des travaux academiques publics au Canada, nous avons classe les ouvrages en six categories sur les bases suivantes 1) les caracteristiques institutionnelles de l’editeur, 2) le public vise par les livres, 3) l’usage intellectuel et politique attendu pour le livre. Les resultats de nos recherches montrent que la sociologie accuse un retard face a la science politique quant a la production de livres commerciaux grand public. Cependant, d’autres preuves suggerent que les sociologues canadiens tentent d’ouvrir un dialogue public d’une maniere plus « organique » au travers de la publication chez de petits editeurs. Nous nous posons des questions quant au statut et a la structure de valorisation professionnelle de la sociologie au Canada et a leur influence sur les travaux academiques publics.
An Energy-efficient Virtual Machine Placement Algorithm based Service Level Agreement in Cloud Computing Environments

The cloud computing has given services to the users throughout the world during recent years. The cloud computing services have been founded according to ‘As-PayYou-Go’ model and some leading enterprises give these services. The giving these cloud-computing services has been developed every day and these requirements necessitate for more infrastructures and Internet providers (IPs). The nodes of data centers consume a lot of energy in cloud structure and disseminate noticeable amount of carbon dioxide into the environment. We define a framework and structure for cloud environment of efficient energy in the present paper. We examine the present problems and challenges based on this structure and then present and model management algorithms and source allocation in cloud computing environment in order to manage energy in addition to considering Service Level Agreement. The proposed algorithm has been implemented by cloudsim simulator where the obtained results from simulation of real-time data indicate that the proposed method is superior to previous techniques in terms of energy consumption and observance of Service Level Agreement. Similarly, number of live migration of virtual machines and quantity of transferred data has been improved.
Measurement of biosignals and subsequent processing for more accurate determination of cardiovascular system parameters

The medical diagnostics currently uses a number of parameters which describe the condition of a patient's cardiovascular system. These parameters are derived from biosignal waveforms, often obtained in different time, under different factors of measurement, so these signals are affected by different level of distortion and noise. The accuracy of the computed parameters for the correct evaluation of the current condition, or progression of cardiovascular system is quite important. The paper describes, in detail, measurement of biosignals and subsequent processing which suppress the inaccuracy of a new method proposed for blood pressure determination.
Catching the k-NAESAT threshold

The best current estimates of the thresholds for the existence of solutions in random constraint satisfaction problems ('CSPs') mostly derive from the first and the second moment method. Yet apart from a very few exceptional cases these methods do not quite yield matching upper and lower bounds. According to deep but non-rigorous arguments from statistical mechanics, this discrepancy is due to a change in the geometry of the set of solutions called condensation that occurs shortly before the actual threshold for the existence of solutions (Krzakala, Montanari, Ricci-Tersenghi, Semerjian, Zdeborova: PNAS~2007). To cope with condensation, physicists have developed a sophisticated but non-rigorous formalism called Survey Propagation (Me-zard, Parisi, Zecchina: Science 2002). This formalism yields precise conjectures on the threshold values of many random CSPs. Here we develop a new Survey Propagation inspired second moment method for the random k-NAESAT problem, which is one of the standard benchmark problems in the theory of random CSPs. This new technique allows us to overcome the barrier posed by condensation rigorously. We prove that the threshold for the existence of solutions in random k-NAESAT is 2k-1ln2-(ln/2 2+1/4)+εk, where |εk| ≤ 2-(1-ok(1))k, thereby verifying the statistical mechanics conjecture for this problem.
Hydration effect on human nail permeability.

It has been long known that hydration strongly affects transport and mechanical properties of keratinized membranes. The most studied keratin structures are human stratum corneum, wool and hair. The effect of hydration on transport, however, has not been studied in human nails. This investigation is aimed at filling this gap. In the first phase of the work we have determined the equilibrium water sorption isotherm for human nail. The isotherm obtained in our laboratory was compared with available literature data for nail and other keratinized tissues. Results were described in terms of theoretical sorption models used in natural polymers and food systems including GuggenheimAnderson-de Boer and D’Arcy-Watt isotherms. Of the models tested, D’Arcy-Watt gave the best description over the entire range of hydration. We further investigated transport properties in nail of water and the antifungal drug, ketoconazole as a function of nail hydration which was controlled by adjusting the relative humidity on one or both sides of the tissue. Diffusivity of water in nail was studied using both vapor phase and liquid phase sorption-desorption techniques. The values obtained ranged from D = 3.160 × 10 cm/s at a water volume fraction φ1 = 0.4107 to D = 7.68 × 10 cm/s at φ1 = 0.0431. They are interpreted in terms of a free volume theory. Transport parameters of ketoconazole were obtained by conducting permeation experiments using a single chamber diffusion cell designed specifically for nail permeation studies. Flux of ketoconazole solvent-deposited onto the nail from ethanol increased consistently with an increase in water content in the nail. Diffusivities estimated from these data can be described by Fujita theory. The findings show that hydration provides enormous increases in water transport through nail, but only a modest (2-3 fold) increase in ketoconazole permeation under conditions attainable in vivo. Thus, nail penetration enhancement by hydration is not large enough for it to be considered as the only factor in formulating a more effective topical treatment of nail disorders. The effect of hydration on diseased nail permeability remains to be evaluated.
Naphthalen-1-yl-(4-pentyloxynaphthalen-1-yl)methanone (SAB378), a Peripherally Restricted Cannabinoid CB1/CB2 Receptor Agonist, Inhibits Gastrointestinal Motility but Has No Effect on Experimental Colitis in Mice

The endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and inflammation. Using the peripherally restricted cannabinoid (CB)1/CB2 receptor agonist naphthalen-1-yl-(4-pentyloxynaphthalen-1-yl)methanone (SAB378), we investigated the role of peripheral cannabinoid receptors in the regulation of GI motility and the development of colitis in mice. The actions of SAB378 on whole gut transit, upper GI transit, colonic propulsion, and locomotor activity were investigated in C57BL/6N, CB1 receptor knockout, and CB2 receptor knockout mice. The potential for SAB378 to modify inflammation was studied by using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) models of experimental colitis. SAB378 did not modify locomotor activity. SAB378 slowed all parameters of GI motility, and these effects were significantly reduced by the CB1 receptor antagonist N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-iodophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3 carboxamide (AM251), but not by the CB2 receptor antagonist 6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H- indol-3-yl](4-methoxyphenyl)methanone (AM630). SAB378 did not inhibit GI transit or colonic propulsion in CB1 receptor knockout mice, whereas its effects were observed in CB2 receptor knockout mice. SAB378 did not reduce the degree of colitis induced by DSS or TNBS. The actions of SAB378 on GI motility are mediated by peripherally located CB1 receptors. SAB378 was not effective against two models of experimental colitis, which may indicate that peripheral cannabinoid receptor stimulation alone may not be sufficient to mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of cannabinoids.
Cdk5 Regulates the Organization of Nestin and Its Association with p35

ABSTRACT The intermediate filament protein nestin is characterized by its specific expression during the development of neuronal and myogenic tissues. We identify nestin as a novel in vivo target for cdk5 and p35 kinase, a critical signaling determinant in development. Two cdk5-specific phosphorylation sites on nestin, Thr-1495 and Thr-316, were established, the latter of which was used as a marker for cdk5-specific phosphorylation in vivo. Ectopic expression of cdk5 and p35 in central nervous system progenitor cells and in myogenic precursor cells induced elevated phosphorylation and reorganization of nestin. The kinetics of nestin expression corresponded to elevated expression and activation of cdk5 during differentiation of myoblast cell cultures and during regeneration of skeletal muscle. In the myoblasts, a disassembly-linked phosphorylation of Thr-316 indicated active phosphorylation of nestin by cdk5. Moreover, cdk5 occurred in physical association with nestin. Inhibition of cdk5 activity—either by transfection with dominant-negative cdk5 or by using a specific cdk5 inhibitor—blocked myoblast differentiation and phosphorylation of nestin at Thr-316, and this inhibition markedly disturbed the organization of nestin. Interestingly, the interaction between p35, the cdk5 activator, and nestin appeared to be regulated by cdk5. In differentiating myoblasts, p35 was not complexed with nestin phosphorylated at Thr-316, and inhibition of cdk5 activity during differentiation induced a marked association of p35 with nestin. These results demonstrate that there is a continuous turnover of cdk5 and p35 activity on a scaffold formed by nestin. This association is likely to affect the organization and operation of both cdk5 and nestin during development.
Musings on the Moral Life of Schools

of teacher education and the profession itself have been proposed. New approaches to school organization and governance are being considered. The utility of educational research for improving practice has been questioned, and new professional roles, such as the researchpractitioner, are emerging. A sense of enthusiasm and energy pervades these various reforms-education is moving forward. Simultaneous with these educational reform activities, but as yet unconnected to them, is a growing scholarship from philosophers, historians, and social theorists that raises fundamental questions about the organizing principles of our political, economic, social, and personal lives. Although the analyses vary, there is broad agreement that the moral life of our society is in disarray. ' In Habits of the Heart, for example, Robert Bellah and his associates have examined how middleclass Americans make sense of their lives, how they think about themselves and society, and how they relate these ideas to their actions. Bellah et al. (1985) contend that Americans are no longer able to explain the real commitments that define their lives. As a result, the commitments themselves have become precarious, and many adults find it difficult even to convey strongly held beliefs to their own children. Clearly, the concerns being raised about the organizing principles of public life have implications for public education because of the strong connections between the two. If society is in disarray, schools will reflect it. Thus, beneath the veneer of educational reform sits an unaddressed question of aims-is the current spate of activities heading us in the right direction?
Relationship between Burnout and Role Stressors Experienced by Professions at Centers for Independent Living in the United States

본 논문의 목적은 미국 자립생활센터 실무자들이 경험하는 직무스트레스의 정도를 파악하고, 이들의 직무스트레스와 소진간의 관계를 밝히기 위함이다. 온라인조사와 설문지 조사를 통하여 설문에 최종 참여한 자립생활센터 실무자는 총 218명인데 이들이 경험하는 직무스트레스 중 직무갈등(role conflict: RC)점수는 평균 22.48 (SD = 5.80)이며 직무모호성(role ambiguity: RA) 점수는 평균 22.20 (SD = 4.30), 직무과중 (role overload: RO)점수는 평균 9.14 (SD = 2.55)로 나타나 다른 휴먼서비스 직군에 비해 평균이상의 직무스트레스를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 자립생활센터 실무자들의 개인적·조직적 특성에 따른 직무스트레스 정도를 ANOVA LSD 사후검정을 통해 분석한 결과, RC지수는 실무자의 나이, 직무내용, 교육정도, 휴먼서비스 근무경력, 주당 근무시간에 따라 점수 차이를 보였고, RA지수는 실무자의 휴먼서비스 근무 경력과 주당 근무시간에 따라, RO지수는 휴먼서비스 근무경력에 따라 그룹 간 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 자립생활센터 실무자들이 경험하는 직무스트레스와 소진간의 관계성을 알아보기 위해 회귀분석한 결과, 세 가지 직무스트레스 모두 소진의 예측변수로 나타났다.
The role of satisfaction, norms and conflict in families' eating behaviour

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between satisfaction and consumer behaviour by proposing and testing a model of how moral and social influences interact with individual satisfaction and conflict to explain and understand consumer behaviour in a family context, using consumption of fish for the family as an example.Design/methodology/approach – Survey data from a sample of 452 Norwegian respondents are used. The target behaviour was eating fish as a family meal. The constructs of behaviour, satisfaction, social norm, preference conflict and personal norm were measured by multiple‐item measures. After checking for reliability and validity of the data by confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modelling in Lisrel was used to estimate relationships between the constructs and their measures.Findings – While satisfaction, social norm and preference conflict had an influence on behaviour, the impact of satisfaction was least among the three constructs. In turn, these .
Conflict perceptions in top management teams: a cross-cultural study

In this quantitative empirical study, we investigate whether cultural differences as a contextual factor have a potential influence on conflict behaviour in top management teams (TMTs). Specifically, we explore the role that the procedural justice theory concept of voice plays for cognitive and affective conflict perceptions of Austrian and Slovenian managers during a strategic decision-making process following an economic crisis. The results of the study suggest that the extent to which TMT members perceive to have a lack of voice in strategic decision-making processes can affect perceived levels of team conflict. Lower conflict levels were reported when (a) decisions were made in groups rather than by one individual decider; (b) there was less informal behaviour during the decision-making process; and (c) when members were following the organisation’s rather than their individual interests. No significant cross-cultural variations could be determined for these tendencies.
The Brain Drain: A Survey of the Literature

This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on Brain Drain (BD). We propose an ideal path that links the first studies with the most recent ones. In this development, the literature on BD focuses on a variety of economic and social issues and recalls to national and international debates. This paper uses more than 350 articles from a variety of sources. The sources are specialized professionals journals, internet research engines, governmental publications and newspapers. In the first section we analyse the main motivations of the researchers to study the BD and we propose an ideal path to interpret this literature. In the second section we analyse the different definitions of the BD and we show that the BD is a wide and complex phenomenon. In the third section we analyse the historical roots of the BD by identifying the BD “ante litteram”. In the fourth section we analyse the “geography” of the BD. Finally, in the fifth section we analyse both some important topics linked to the BD (International Organizations, Population and Research), both the economics models that study the BD.
Primate Vocalisations: Structural and Functional Approaches To Understanding

Research on primate vocal behaviour has shown it to be varied, complex and intricate; selected developments of particular interest are reviewed, and the methodological advances which allowed them are described. Primate repertoires are extensively graded, but this continuous variation may be perceived discretely by the animals: some species at least show categorical perception of their calls, which means that the lists of "calls" in the primate literature are largely misleading. In addition, some species show complex patterning which has yet to be properly understood. A rudimentary form of syntax and simple compounding of call meanings has been shown. It is now known that calls can convey population dialect and individual identity, and in certain cases can "refer" to classes of objects in a fashion analogous to that of words in speech. Calls normally give information on the caller's location, but may be specialised to avoid doing so or to do so better, where these are advantageous. Specialisation is also shown in perception, with neurally lateralised apparatus for processing of conspecifics' calls. Long distance propagation of certain calls is enhanced both by signal form and time and manner of delivery. Such calls are well suited for experimental study, and are now among the best understood. Function turns out to be more labile than form in evolution of vocalisations, with homologous calls serving different functions in close relatives; in addition, calls apparently identical in form may mediate several unrelated functions in a single species. Long-range calls are employed especially to coordinate movements where groups are dispersed in areas of low visibility, and in various different ways as components of intergroup spacing systems.
Is the Hawking Quasilocal Energy "Newtonian"?

The Misner–Sharp–Hernandez mass defined in general relativity and in spherical symmetry has been recognized as having a Newtonian character in previous literature. In order to better understand this feature we relax spherical symmetry and we study the generalization of the Misner–Sharp–Hernandez mass to general spacetimes, i.e., the Hawking quasilocal mass. The latter is decomposed into a matter contribution and a contribution coming solely from the Weyl tensor. The Weyl tensor is then decomposed into an electric part (which has a Newtonian counterpart) and a magnetic one (which does not), which further splits the quasilocal mass into “Newtonian” and “non-Newtonian” parts. Only the electric (Newtonian) part contributes to the quasilocal mass.
Trainable, Scalable Summarization Using Robust NLP and Machine Learning

We describe a trainable and scalable summarization system which utilizes features derived from information retrieval, information extraction, and NLP techniques and on-line resources. The system combines these features using a trainable feature combiner learned from summary examples through a machine learning algorithm. We demonstrate system scalability by reporting results on the best combination of summarization features for different document sources. We also present preliminary results from a task-based evaluation on summarization output usability.
Joint phase and timing recovery with CPM signals

We describe an algorithm for joint timing and carrier phase recovery with CPM signaling. The proposed method may be employed with any CPM format and with either full or reduced state detectors. It can be implemented in digital form with a limited computational complexity. Simulation results show that its tracking performance is excellent. However, when operated in its simplest form, it may exhibit false locks during acquisition. In particular, this happens with multilevel partial response formats. A simple solution to false locks is proposed.
Pretreatment patient characteristics related to the level and development of working alliance in long-term psychotherapy

Abstract This study explored pretreatment patient characteristics associated with the level and growth of working alliance in therapies lasting up to 120 therapy sessions. The quality of working alliance was rated by both patients (N=201) and therapists (N=61) at Sessions 3, 12, and 20 and then at every 20th successive session. Patients reported that experience with good maternal care up to adolescence and better current interpersonal relationships were associated with positive ratings of working alliance throughout therapy. Higher global functioning was associated with growth of alliance over time. Higher levels of interpersonal problems of the cold/detached kind were associated with poorer early working alliance. On the other hand, this type of interpersonal problems was also associated with improvement of working alliance over time. Therapists’ ratings of alliance were associated with patients’ intrapsychic functioning. Implications for treatment and research are discussed.
Understanding tourism development of historic districts from a representational perspective

This study investigated the tourism development of historic districts in Old South Downtown of Nanjing (China) from a representational perspective. Twenty-six residents, who are living or had lived within the four main historic districts of Old South Downtown area, were interviewed using snowball sampling. All written notes and audio records collected during the interviews were transcribed and coded by themes in the framework of social representation theory. The findings indicated that tourism development, as an unfamiliar phenomenon, was generally considered as negative impacts in the beginning (e.g. deprivation of residents’ homes and loss of traditional culture), especially by residents living within the districts for decades. Thereafter, tourism development in historic districts experienced an anchoring and objectification process. Anchoring is reflected in images of construction, reconstruction and demolition. In the objectifying process, struggling for individual's rights is obviously observed. Finally, propaganda conducted by mainstream media has helped residents of historic districts to form common sense and foster social identity. Problems of tourism development in historic districts were discussed as well.