Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy Using Low Doses in a Small Sample of Women with Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety of different doses of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy administered in a psychotherapeutic setting to women with chronic PTSD secondary to a sexual assault, and also to obtain preliminary data regarding efficacy. Although this study was originally planned to include 29 subjects, political pressures led to the closing of the study before it could be finished, at which time only six subjects had been treated. Preliminary results from those six subjects are presented here. We found that low doses of MDMA (between 50 and 75 mg) were both psychologically and physiologically safe for all the subjects. Future studies in larger samples and using larger doses are needed in order to further clarify the safety and efficacy of MDMA in the clinical setting in subjects with PTSD.
The effect of boarding on campus on left-behind children’s sense of school belonging and academic achievement: Chinese evidence from propensity score matching analysis

Abstract Using propensity score matching method, this study examined the effect of boarding on campus on left-behind children (LBC)’s sense of school belonging and their academic achievement. The condition of boarding schools was also examined closely in this study. Data were collected from 6,638 students from 74 rural boarding schools in 11 provinces in western China. Results indicated that boarding on campus had a negative effect on LBC’s sense of school belonging as well as their academic achievement. Specifically, left behind boys who live on campus had a lower level of school belonging than those left behind girls. The academic achievement of LBC in primary school was more easily influenced than that of junior middle school students in a negative way, as well as their sense of school belonging. What is more, LBC in boarding schools were negatively influenced by the low quality of boarding schools such as facilities, management, and life. This finding suggests that policies regarding using boarding school to solve the problem faced by LBC should be reconsidered, and the condition of boarding schools should be improved by improving boarding facilities, management, and life for boarding children, and reducing the number of male and primary school LBC attending boarding schools.
Debugging end-to-end performance in commodity operating systems

The Internet infrastructure is very diverse, but when it comes to end hosts interfacing the Internet to the users, the PC hardware with one of a few so called commodity operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows or Linux is prevalent. It turns out that many performance problems in network communication, particularly in high-speed longdistance networks, are caused by improper behaviour of end hosts, rather than by the network itself. Understanding of the behaviour of commodity operating systems, networking applications, their mutual interaction and their interaction with a computer network is required to identify and resolve these problems. Our goal in this paper is to identify some of these problems and suggest possible solutions. Many advanced Internet users, requiring high network performance, use the Linux operating system. Therefore, we decided to concentrate on networking support in Linux. Particularly, we will show that just setting large TCP buffers is not suf£cient to reliably achieve high throughput.
Balancing in the margins of gender: exploring psychologists’ meaning-making in their work with gender non-conforming youth seeking puberty suppression

ABSTRACT The past 15 years have seen the growth of puberty suppression as the prevailing approach to supporting gender non-conforming children and youth. Puberty suppression is considered to provide time for weighing up the pros and cons of medical transition. Research based on binary understandings of gender has demonstrated that a carefully selected group of gender non-conforming youth benefit from physical treatment and gender transition, but the research that details how psychologists can best support young people during this time is limited. This is the gap addressed by the current research. The purpose of the present study is to explore the meaning-making framework within which some clinical psychologists and gender non-conforming youth approach discussions of puberty suppression. Five semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinical psychologists working with gender non-conforming youth. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that there is pressure on gender non-conforming youth, often coming from families, friends and mass media, to buy into heteronormative and binary discourses regarding gender and what constitutes a good life. The results also indicate that the participants deploy affirmative and exploratory therapeutic strategies in their work, in order to enable gender non-conforming youth to make informed decisions regarding puberty suppression. Participants emphasized the importance of therapeutic approaches that explore non-binary gender discourses, alongside the use of puberty suppression and other medical interventions that enable clients to fit more with gender norms. The therapeutic balance between affirmation and exploration may shed light on how both research within the binary tradition and critics of binary assumptions are in danger of oversimplifying the process of gender identity development. This research highlights the importance of understanding the complex negotiation of gender discourses that are in tension with one another.
GEOGRAPHIC DIFFERENCES IN SPECIES BOUNDARIES AMONG MEMBERS OF THE MONTASTRAEA ANNULARIS COMPLEX BASED ON MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL MARKERS

Abstract The three members of the Montastraea annularis complex (M. annularis, M. franksi, and M. faveolata) are dominant reef builders in the western Atlantic whose species status has been controversial for over a decade. Although differences in colony morphology and reproductive characteristics exist, interspecific fertilizations are possible in the laboratory and genetic differentiation is slight. Here we compare the three taxa genetically and morphologically in Panama and the Bahamas, widely separated locations spanning most of their geographic ranges. In Panama, analyses of three AFLP loci, a noncoding region of the mitochondrial genome, and ITS sequences reveal that M. faveolata is strongly differentiated genetically. Discriminant function analysis also indicates no overlap with the other two species in the fine structure of the corallites that comprise the colony. Genetic analyses of larvae from interspecific crosses between M. faveolata and the other two taxa confirmed the hybrid status of the larvae, but no examples of the most probable F1 genotype were observed in the field. Although M. annularis and M. franksi were more similar, they also exhibited strong frequency differences at two AFLP loci and in the mitochondrial noncoding region, as well as distinct corallite structure. In the Bahamas, in contrast, the three taxa exhibited overlapping morphologies. Montastraea franksi and M. annularis were indistinguishable genetically, and M. faveolata was distinct at fewer genetic loci. Once again, however, the most probable F1 genotype involving M. faveolata was not observed. Geographic differences between Panama and the Bahamas explain why past studies have come to different conclusions concerning the status of the three species. In general, the genetic and morphological data suggest a north to south hybridization gradient, with evidence for introgression strongest in the north. However, reproductive data show no such trend, with intrinsic barriers to gene flow comparable or stronger in the north.
Feeding of Aurelia sp. (Scyphozoa) and links to the microbial food web

The impact of the scyphomedusa Aurelia sp. on planktonic assemblages was experimentally studied in enclosures incubated in situ in the sea lake of Mljet Island (Big Lake, Southern Adriatic), where jellyfish are present throughout the year. In situ feeding experiments using plankton at natural densities indicated a reduction in abundance for small calanoid and cyclopoid copepods, copepodites, nauplii and ciliates in the presence of Aurelia sp. In addition to direct predatory pressure, Aurelia sp. exerted an indirect cascading effect on autotrophic and heterotrophic microbial plankton. Phytoplankton biomass increases of up to 0.5 μg C·l−1·h−1 were mainly related to 19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin- and 19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin-containing phytoplankton. Bacterial production was about twice as high in the presence of Aurelia sp. and biomass was also consistently higher. It appears that the top-down effect of predation along with material release by Aurelia sp. results in increases in microbial biomass and production.
Genetic interactions between Cdk1-CyclinB and the Separase complex in Drosophila

Cdk1-CycB plays a key role in regulating many aspects of cell-cycle events, such as cytoskeletal dynamics and chromosome behavior during mitosis. To investigate how Cdk1-CycB controls the coordination of these events, we performed a dosage-sensitive genetic screen, which is based on the observations that increased maternal CycB (four extra gene copies) leads to higher Cdk1-CycB activity in early Drosophila embryos, delays anaphase onset, and generates a sensitized non-lethal phenotype at the blastoderm stage (defined as six cycB phenotype). Here, we report that mutations in the gene three rows (thr) enhance, while mutations in pimples (pim, encoding Drosophila Securin) or separase (Sse) suppress, the sensitized phenotype. In Drosophila, both Pim and Thr are known to regulate Sse activity, and activated Sse cleaves a Cohesin subunit to initiate anaphase. Compared with the six cycB embryos, reducing Thr in embryos with more CycB further delays the initiation of anaphase, whereas reducing either Pim or Sse has the opposite effect. Furthermore, nuclei move slower during cortical migration in embryos with higher Cdk1-CycB activity, whereas reducing either Pim or Sse suppresses this phenotype by causing a novel nuclear migration pattern. Therefore, our genetic screen has identified all three components of the complex that regulates sister chromatid separation, and our observations indicate that interactions between Cdk1-CycB and the Pim-Thr-Sse complex are dosage sensitive.
Proling Dpa: Ecacy and Eciency Trade-os

Linear regression-based methods have been proposed as efcient means of characterising device leakage in the training phases of pro led side-channel attacks. Empirical comparisons between these and the `classical' approach to template building have con rmed the reduction in pro ling complexity to achieve the same attack-phase success, but have focused on a narrow range of leakage scenarios which are especially favourable to simple (i.e. e ciently estimated) model speci cations. In this contribution we evaluate from a theoretic perspective as much as possible the performance of linear regression-based templating in a variety of realistic leakage scenarios as the complexity of the model speci cation varies. We are particularly interested in complexity tradeo s between the number of training samples needed for pro ling and the number of attack samples needed for successful DPA: over-simpli ed models will be cheaper to estimate but DPA using such a degraded model will require more data to recover the key. However, they can still offer substantial improvements over non-pro ling strategies relying on the Hamming weight power model, and so represent a meaningful middleground between `no' prior information and `full' prior information.
Expression of the 180-Kd Ribosome Receptor Induces Membrane Proliferation and Increased Secretory Activity in Yeast

Expression of the canine 180-kD ribosome receptor (p180) in yeast cells resulted in a marked proliferation of intracellular membranes. The type of membranes observed varied with the expression of specific portions of p180. Rough membranes predominated when the ribosome binding domain of p180 was present, whereas expression constructs lacking this region resulted in smooth membranes. Northern analysis indicated that expression of the NH2-terminal 767 amino acids (ΔCT), which include the ribosome binding domain, upregulated the transcription and translation of genes involved in exocytosis. The membranes that were proliferated were functional as these cells overcame a temperature-sensitive translocation defect. Most significantly, cells that overexpressed ΔCT and proliferated rough endoplasmic reticulum exhibited severalfold higher levels of secretion of an ectopically expressed secretory protein. We conclude that p180 expression triggers a cascade of events leading to an increase in secretory potential akin to the terminal differentiation of mammalian secretory cells and tissues.
Colour image retrieval based on DCT-domain vector quantisation index histograms

A new kind of feature for colour image retrieval based on DCT-domain vector quantisation (VQ) index histograms (DCTVQIH) is proposed. For each colour image in the database, 12 histograms (four for each colour component) are calculated from 12 DCT-VQ index sequences, respectively. The retrieval simulation results show that, compared with the traditional spatial-domain colour-histogram-based features, the proposed features can largely improve the recall and precision performance.
Visual perception in preschool children with atypical development

The authors study specific participation of parvoand magnocellular visual processing pathways in image formation in preschool children with atypical development. In comparison with typically developing children, children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and mental retardation (MR) had higher thresholds of contrast detection during sequential change; higher thresholds were observed only in high ASD cases. Global motion thresholds were lower in children with MR and low ASD. Children with high ASD could discern stimuli only with their slow shift. Deficit of global motion thresholds based on stationary object orientation was found only in ASD cases; manifestation of such deficit depended on the autistic disorder severity. In MR and low ASD cases, figure recognition time increased only with increasing number of locations of targets among demonstrated figures. Children with high ASD demonstrated constant increase in detection time. The authors found correlations between visual processing deficit severity and the language development level.
Three New Records of Mortierella Species Isolated from Crop Field Soil in Korea

Abstract Three new fungal species of the genus Mortierella, Mortierella zychae, Mortierella ambigua, and Mortierella indohii, have been reported in Korea. The fungi were encountered during a study on the fungal community of soil samples collected from different locations in Korea. The species were identified based on molecular and morphological analyses. This study presents detailed descriptions of the morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analysis of these three fungi. All three species were found to be sensitive to triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. M. zychae demonstrated the highest intensity of mycelial staining, indicating that this species has the highest potential to produce arachidonic acid of the three species. The staining results indicated that the newly recorded species could potentially be useful for arachidonic acid production.
Bottom-up construction of state representation for humanoid robot based on behavior of image feature

This paper presents a framework for building state representation of autonomous robot without relying on designer's knowledge on robot itself and its environment. Based on the proposed framework, a robot with an arm can acquire knowledge of its environment by interacting with objects. The knowledge is acquired by moving its arm with a small displacement around an object and observing behaviors of feature points in image. The conditional probability densities of location of points are estimated to analyze dependency between feature points. State is discriminated by dependency networks of the feature points through clustering of networks. Clusters of networks allow the robot to discriminate whether its arm will be occluded by an object, and whether it will move together with an object. By the proposed method, the robot can build state-representation regarding interaction with its environment without any specific assumptions. The proposed method was verified by experiment of network construction and estimation of state of the environment. Networks were well constructed, classified and state representation was built.
Loss of Consciousness Is Associated with Stabilization of Cortical Activity

What aspects of neuronal activity distinguish the conscious from the unconscious brain? This has been a subject of intense interest and debate since the early days of neurophysiology. However, as any practicing anesthesiologist can attest, it is currently not possible to reliably distinguish a conscious state from an unconscious one on the basis of brain activity. Here we approach this problem from the perspective of dynamical systems theory. We argue that the brain, as a dynamical system, is self-regulated at the boundary between stable and unstable regimes, allowing it in particular to maintain high susceptibility to stimuli. To test this hypothesis, we performed stability analysis of high-density electrocorticography recordings covering an entire cerebral hemisphere in monkeys during reversible loss of consciousness. We show that, during loss of consciousness, the number of eigenmodes at the edge of instability decreases smoothly, independently of the type of anesthetic and specific features of brain activity. The eigenmodes drift back toward the unstable line during recovery of consciousness. Furthermore, we show that stability is an emergent phenomenon dependent on the correlations among activity in different cortical regions rather than signals taken in isolation. These findings support the conclusion that dynamics at the edge of instability are essential for maintaining consciousness and provide a novel and principled measure that distinguishes between the conscious and the unconscious brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT What distinguishes brain activity during consciousness from that observed during unconsciousness? Answering this question has proven difficult because neither consciousness nor lack thereof have universal signatures in terms of most specific features of brain activity. For instance, different anesthetics induce different patterns of brain activity. We demonstrate that loss of consciousness is universally and reliably associated with stabilization of cortical dynamics regardless of the specific activity characteristics. To give an analogy, our analysis suggests that loss of consciousness is akin to depressing the damper pedal on the piano, which makes the sounds dissipate quicker regardless of the specific melody being played. This approach may prove useful in detecting consciousness on the basis of brain activity under anesthesia and other settings.
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Toll-like Receptor Genes With Asthma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Purpose Asthma is a complex disease, with contributions from multiple genes, various genetic backgrounds, and environmental factors. Many human epidemiological studies have demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes are inconsistently associated with asthma risk. Some have demonstrated differences concerning the study design and effect size, and conflicting results have been reported. A meta-analysis is necessary to determine the magnitude of this association. Methods Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, a systematic search and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted to estimate the association of SNPs in TLR genes with asthma risk. We screened the medical literature based on the following keyword searches in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases: 'TLR', 'polymorphism', 'asthma', and their combinations. Results Meta-analysis of eight studies on TLR4 Asp299Gly showed a marginal association of TLR4 with asthma risk (odds ratio [OR]=0.814 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.652-1.016; P=0.069]) in the recessive model. TLR4 Thr399Ile was not associated with asthma risk under any genetic model. Meta-analysis of four studies on TLR2 Arg753Gln indicated that TLR2 might be significantly associated with asthma in the dominant and codominant models (P=0.029, P=0.030, and P=0.009, respectively). TLR9 -1237 was marginally associated with asthma risk (OR=0.408 [95% CI, 0.163-1.021; P=0.065]) in the codominant model. Analysis using the allele contrast model showed that the major TLR9 -1237 T allele tended to be a significant protective factor with OR=0.689 (95% CI, 0.471-1.007; P=0.055). Conclusions The results showed that TLR4 Asp299Gly, TLR2 Arg753Gln, and TLR9-1237 might contribute significantly to asthma susceptibility. Future genetic association studies would consolidate these findings.
Why we have switched from building full-fledged taxonomies to simply detecting hypernymy relations

The study of taxonomies and hypernymy relations has been extensive on the Natural Language Processing (NLP) literature. However, the evaluation of taxonomy learning approaches has been traditionally troublesome, as it mainly relies on ad-hoc experiments which are hardly reproducible and manually expensive. Partly because of this, current research has been lately focusing on the hypernymy detection task. In this paper we reflect on this trend, analyzing issues related to current evaluation procedures. Finally, we propose three potential avenues for future work so that is-a relations and resources based on them play a more important role in downstream NLP applications.
Using Events for Content Appraisal and Selection in Web Archives

With the rapidly growing volume of resources on the Web, Web archiving becomes an important challenge. In addition, the notion of community memories extends traditional Web archives with related data from a variety of sources on the Social Web. Community memories take an entity-centric view to organise Web content according to the events and the entities related to them, such as persons, organisations and locations. To this end, the main challenge is to extract, detect and correlate events and related information from a vast number of heterogeneous Web resources where the nature and quality of the content may vary heavily. In this paper we present the approach of the ARCOMEM project which is based on an iterative cycle consisting of (1) targeted archiving/crawling of Web objects, (2) entity and event extraction and detection, and (3) refinement of crawling strategy.