Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of direct antiviral effector functions by CMV-specific CD4+ T lymphocytes with cellular maturation

The role of CD4+ T cells in the control of persistent viral infections beyond the provision of cognate help remains unclear. We used polychromatic flow cytometry to evaluate the production of the cytokines interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-2, the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, and surface mobilization of the degranulation marker CD107a by CD4+ T cells in response to stimulation with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific major histocompatibility complex class II peptide epitopes. Surface expression of CD45RO, CD27, and CD57 on responding cells was used to classify CD4+ T cell maturation. The functional profile of virus-specific CD4+ T cells in chronic CMV infection was unique compared with that observed in other viral infections. Salient features of this profile were: (a) the simultaneous production of MIP-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in the absence of IL-2; and (b) direct cytolytic activity associated with surface mobilization of CD107a and intracellular expression of perforin and granzymes. This polyfunctional profile was associated with a terminally differentiated phenotype that was not characterized by a distinct clonotypic composition. Thus, mature CMV-specific CD4+ T cells exhibit distinct functional properties reminiscent of antiviral CD8+ T lymphocytes.
Analysis of Detection of Multiple Attackers in Wireless Networks

Wireless networks are usually deployed in hostile environment where an adversary can masquerade some internal nodes which may launch various inside attacks which may leads to reduction in network performance. Although the identity of a node can be verified through cryptographic authentication, conventional security approaches are not always desirable because of their overhead requirements. In this paper one method is used based on spatial correlation of Received signal strength of each node to find out the presence of attack and a cluster based mechanism is used to find out number of attackers. An efficiency based RADAR gridded algorithm is used further to localize the no of attackers in the network. Experimental evaluation is carried out using two test simulations of IEEE 802.11 and Zigbee networks. The comparison shows that the packet overheads are lesser as compared to other schemes. It has been observed that packet delivery ratio and end to end delay increases as increase number of nodes while energy decreases with optimal point.
DEVELOPMENT OF A GERIATRIC TEAM: A STAFF DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN A NURSING HOME

Proper functioning of a team is the essential core of geriatric workmanship. In a well-functioning team, the combination of team members' efforts is greater than the sum of each member's contribution. Active teamwork does not develop independently, but requires that good working relationships be built up. It also demands of team leaders a conscious striving for improvement and an understanding of group phenomena. Overcoming the most important obstacles to good teamwork demands clarifying the structure of the work: defining the main objectives, determining the working principles and the decision-making processes, making the leader's position strong, and promoting acceptance of differences and special skills within the team. This article describes a conscious developmental process occurring over several years in geriatric teams in a nursing home.
Performing Guangzhou and Guangzhou Ren: analysing popular music in Guangzhou

The main purpose of this article is to examine the ways in which popular music in Guangzhou is implicated in the performance of places and identities, and how it is located in Guangzhou. Drawing on the qualitative methods of participant observation and interviews, this research analyses the popular music and musical performances in Guangzhou through three spatial dimensions: the place of Guangzhou, the performance venues and the human bodies. The findings of this research suggest that popular music in Guangzhou sets up the emotional communications and engenders different spaces for the participants to negotiate their embodied identities; popular music and musical performances make the connections between three spatial scales—the place of Guangzhou, the performance venues, and the human body—through its capacity of social mediation and the musical performances articulate the power relations between local residents, the local and national authorities, and the global. This research can be read as a contribution towards the wider literatures on musical performance and the exploration of doing/making place and place-based identity through popular music.
The Application of Leader-Member Exchange Theory on Improving Team Performance

Based on the literature review of Leader-Member Exchange theory (LMX) and Team Performance (TP), this paper proposes a model between LMX and TP, taking into consideration Team Cohesion (TC) operating as the mediator. To test this model, an empirical study was conducted in different industries, including IT, manufacturing and others in China. Data processing results indicate that LMX has positive influence on TP. Composite test procedures were performed to distinguish the mediator from moderator, showing that TC partially mediates the influence of LMX on TP. The results of this study suggest that building high LMX is an effective and credible method in improving TP.
Development of Flow Cytometry-Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Flow-FISH) Method for Detection of PML/RARa Chromosomal Translocation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line

Background: Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) is a subclass of acute myeloid leukemia. The chromosomal aberration in 95% of APL cases is t(15; 17) (q22; q21), which prevents cell differentiation. Characterization of the underlying molecular lesion is valuable in determining optimal treatment strategy. The goal of this study was to develop a new and powerful Flow- FISH technique to detect the long isoform (L) of PML-RARa fusion transcript in NB4 cell line. Methods: To achieve the best condition for fixation, two different fixatives including 2% paraformaldehyde and 75% ethanol were used. 0.2% Triton X-100 and 0.2% saponin were used for the permeabilization step . In hybridization, a wide range of times and temperatures were used and probe was designed in FRET system. Results were confirmed by fluorescent microscope assay and reverse transcription PCR. Results: In the present study, a novel technique was successfully optimized that combines in situ hybridization with flow cytometry to detect the presence of PML-RARa transcript. Using standard fixation and permeabilization protocol of 2% PFA and 0.2% saponin gave the best fluorescent results in flow cytometry. Also, results indicated that the optimum time and temperature for hybridization was 2 hr at 42°C. The results of reverse transcription PCR and fluorescent microscopy confirmed the presence of PML-RARa transcript. Conclusion: The concordance between the results of Flow-FISH and those of two other techniques including reverse transcription PCR and FISH indicated that this method would be applicable as a diagnostic test for APL in clinical samples and MRD monitoring.
Social determinants and the psychological distress of Vietnamese immigrants

Historically, Vietnamese American immigrants have experienced distress associated with war, involuntary migration, and adjustment to life in the USA. Social determinants, including perceived neighborhood safety and economic indicators, have established relationships with psychological distress. The present study applied the life course perspective to investigate how social determinants differentiate the psychological distress of older Vietnamese immigrants. Vietnamese immigrant respondents to the California Health Interview Survey over the age of 50 were studied. A total of 436 Vietnamese adults were included in this study. A single-item measure of perceived neighborhood safety was employed as well as the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The results showed differences in the likelihood of reporting higher levels of psychological distress based on perceived neighborhood safety. Additionally, age moderated the effects of perceived neighborhood safety and income on psychological distress. Future research on the role of perceived neighborhood safety on mental health among displaced groups can shed light on community-level correlates of health and mental health.
Defeating return-oriented rootkits with "Return-Less" kernels

Targeting the operating system (OS) kernel, kernel rootkits pose a formidable threat to computer systems and their users. Recent efforts have made significant progress in blocking them from injecting malicious code into the OS kernel for execution. Unfortunately, they cannot block the emerging so-called return-oriented rootkits (RORs). Without the need of injecting their own malicious code, these rootkits can discover and chain together "return-oriented gadgets" (that consist of only legitimate kernel code) for rootkit computation. In this paper, we propose a compiler-based approach to defeat these return-oriented rootkits. Our approach recognizes the hallmark of return-oriented rootkits, i.e., the ret instruction, and accordingly aims to completely remove them in a running OS kernel. Specifically, one key technique named return indirection is to replace the return address in a stack frame into a return index and disallow a ROR from using their own return addresses to locate and assemble return-oriented gadgets. Further, to prevent legitimate instructions that happen to contain return opcodes from being misused,we also propose two other techniques, register allocation and peephole optimization, to avoid introducing them in the first place. We have developed a LLVM-based prototype and used it to generate a return-less FreeBSD kernel. Our evaluation results indicate that the proposed approach is generic, effective, and can be implemented on commodity hardware with a low performance overhead.
VLSI Implementation of a Neuromorphic Spiking Pixel and Investigation of Various Focal-Plane Excitation Schemes

In this paper we describe a Neuromorphic spiking pixel architecture allowing the conversion of the light intensity into a pulse train signal. We first describe the spiking pixel architecture and its inherent advantages such as light adaptation mechanism and linear response characteristics. Inspired from biological visual systems and the integrate and fire oscillator, different inter-pixels interaction schemes are studied and their synchronization ability are compared. The spiking pixel architecture was implemented and the functionality of the spiking pixel imager is demonstrated through experimental results.
Humor's close relatives

In a previous article (Russell 1996: 39-55) it was suggested that a wide variety of laugh-evoking situations have in common certain elements and a structure which can be expressedas aformula. Thisformula is derivedfrom the same basic perceptual, affective, and response patterns that govern other aspects of our behavior. The formula describes the particular combination and arrangement of the elements that result in laughter. In that article a variety of laugh evoking situations were analyzed to show that they did, in fact, exhibit all of the elements and the structure described in the formula. The present article examines a number of situations which resemble humor in many respects, but do not cause amusement: thejoke we do not get, the story with a punch line which elicits resentment, disgust, or sympathy insteadof laughter, and the "ahha'Or "eureka" experience. These and other near-humor situations are missing some essential element thatprevents them from being humorous. By altering the formula to show the missing element in these near humor situations, it is hoped that the particular relationship that each bears to humor can be demonstrated.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Sexually Abused Children

Abstract Child sexual abuse is a highly prevalent problem that frequently occasions the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder in the victimised youngster. Given the success of cognitive-behavioral interventions with adult trauma victims, it has been suggested that this treatment approach be applied to sexually abused children. We review the empirical support for the efficacy and acceptability of cognitive-behavioral strategies in the treatment of sexually abused children. Several clinical practice and research issues are also noted.
Maximum Entropy Markov Models for Semantic Role Labelling

This paper investigates the application of Maximum Entropy Markov Models to semantic role labelling. Syntactic chunks are labelled according to the semantic role they fill for sentence verb predicates. The model is trained on the subset of Propbank data provided for the Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning 2004. Good precision is achieved, which is of key importance for information extraction from large corpora containing redundant data, and for generalising systems beyond task specific, hand coded template methods.
Video Games and Embodiment

In this article, the author discusses one way in which modern video games can illuminate the nature of human thinking and problem solving as situated and embodied. The author first discusses why, over the last several years, many people have become interested in video games as a site to study human thinking, problem solving, and learning. The author then discusses what he call the “projective stance,” a type of embodied thinking characteristic of many (but not all) video games, as well as a form of thinking that is also, but more subtly, pervasive in everyday life and social interaction as well.
Perceived physical work capacity, stress, sleep disturbance and occupational accidents among firefighters working during a strike

Fire-fighting and rescue work are arranged in such a way that various kinds of accidents and catastrophes can be handled. In an understaffed situation, such as a strike, this goal may not be met. The objective of this study was to investigate factors associated with perceived physical work capacity, stress, sleep disturbance, and occupational accidents among firefighters who remained at work during an extended strike. A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out among 543 firefighters (83% of the target group) in 71 fire brigades in Finland. After the strike had lasted for 9 to 11 weeks, most of the firefighters perceived their physical work capacity to be rather good or very good. Stress increased along with a decreasing number of personnel in a crew (OR= 2.3, CI= 1.0-5.3, for less than 75% of a normal crew vs. normal crew) and with decreasing number of personnel in a shift (OR= 2.4, CI= 1.1-5.4, for less than 25% of normal shift vs. normal shift). Sleep disturbance was reported to occur as soon as the total working time exceeded 50 h/week. Working more than 70 h/week increased the risk of occupational accidents almost 4-fold compared with working no more than 50 h/week. These results suggest that exceptional situations, such as a strike, are a challenge to human capacity. With time, increased stress and sleep disturbance may lead to serious consequences.
An Exercise of Power as Epistemic Racism and Privilege: The Subversion of Tswana Identity

In this article I will reflect on the book: The Words of Batswana 1883–1896. I will argue that the missionaries used epistemic racism as an exercise of power, thus subverted the Tswana language, customs, spirituality, and social structure to construct a new identity of Batswana people. This process asserted colonialism on the basis of language, religiosity, race, region, and knowledge. I will further maintain that one cannot divorce these issues from the process of the standardization of the Tswana language. The article will use decoloniality and Intersectionality theories as bedrock to engage the power structure, an epochal condition, and epistemological design used by the missionaries in the translation of the Bible into Setswana language. The strategies used by Batswana intellectuals as a form of resistance point to one of the methods that indicate signs of decoloniality. The article will suggest that decoloniality and Intersectionality as theories are vital in reclaiming the distorted traditions of Batswana people.
Foodservice Satisfaction for Work-Sector Meals: A Model Based on Food Variety, Sensory Feeling, and Quality Perception

This study offers an integrated approach to understanding the theoretical and empirical evidence regarding the causal relationships among three constructs pertaining to foodservice satisfaction in work-sector meals: food variety appreciation, sensory feelings about food offerings, and quality perceptions. The research model investigates the relevant relationships among the constructs using a structural equation modeling approach. The results indicate that all causal relationships are statistically significant. Therefore, appreciation of food variety, sensory feeling, and food perceptions should combine to establish a positive interaction in terms of foodservice satisfaction; however, variety and sensory feelings have a great effect on overall satisfaction via the quality construct.
Hemoglobin adducts in workers exposed to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate

We investigated the utility of 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA) hemoglobin adducts as biomarkers of exposure to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) monomer. Blood samples from 15 spray painters applying HDI-containing paint were analyzed for hemoglobin HDA (HDA-Hb) and N-acetyl-1,6-hexamethylene diamine (monoacetyl-HDA-Hb) by GC-MS. HDA-Hb was detected in the majority of workers (≤1.2–37 ng/g Hb), whereas monoacetyl-HDA-Hb was detected in one worker (0.06 ng/g Hb). The stronger, positive association between HDA-Hb and cumulative HDI exposure (r2 = 0.3, p < 0.06) than same day exposure (p ≥ 0.13) indicates long-term elimination kinetics for HDA-Hb adducts. This association demonstrates the suitability of HDA-Hb adducts for further validation as a biomarker of HDI exposure.
The Dependency-Parsed FrameNet Corpus

When training semantic role labeling systems, the syntax of example sentences is of particular importance. Unfortunately, for the FrameNet annotated sentences, there is no standard parsed version. The integration of the automatic parse of an annotated sentence with its semantic annotation, while conceptually straightforward, is complex in practice. We present a standard dataset that is publicly available and that can be used in future research. This dataset contains parser-generated dependency structures (with POS tags and lemmas) for all FrameNet 1.5 sentences, with nodes automatically associated with FrameNet annotations.
The Development of Shared Liking of Representational but not Abstract Art in Primary School Children and Their Justifications for Liking

Understanding how aesthetic preferences are shared among individuals, and its developmental time course, is a fundamental question in aesthetics. It has been shown that semantic associations, in response to representational artworks, overlap more strongly among individuals than those generated by abstract artworks and that the emotional valence of the associations also overlaps more for representational artworks. This valence response may be a key driver in aesthetic appreciation. The current study tested predictions derived from the semantic association account in a developmental context. Twenty 4-, 6-, 8- and 10-year-old children (n = 80) were shown 20 artworks (10 representational, 10 abstract) and were asked to rate each artwork and to explain their decision. Cross-observer agreement in aesthetic preferences increased with age from 4–8 years for both abstract and representational art. However, after age 6 the level of shared appreciation for representational and abstract artworks diverged, with significantly higher levels of agreement for representational than abstract artworks at age 8 and 10. The most common justifications for representational artworks involved subject matter, while for abstract artworks formal artistic properties and color were the most commonly used justifications. Representational artwork also showed a significantly higher proportion of associations and emotional responses than abstract artworks. In line with predictions from developmental cognitive neuroscience, references to the artist as an agent increased between ages 4 and 6 and again between ages 6 and 8, following the development of Theory of Mind. The findings support the view that increased experience with representational content during the life span reduces inter-individual variation in aesthetic appreciation and increases shared preferences. In addition, brain and cognitive development appear to impact on art appreciation at milestone ages.
Temperature perturbations in the troposphere-stratosphere over Thumba (8.5 N, 76.9 E) during the solar eclipse 2009/2010

Abstract. Measurements of atmospheric temperature profiles in the troposphere and lower stratosphere were made over Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) (8.5° N, 76.9° E) during a partial solar eclipse (22 July 2009) and an annular solar eclipse (15 January 2010). It was observed that during the partial solar eclipse, the temperature decreased by 2–3 °C in the vicinity of the tropopause and in the lower stratosphere the temperature increased by ~2.6 °C during the maximum phase of the partial solar eclipse. During the annular solar eclipse, a temperature reduction of ~2 °C was observed around the tropopause. This study also revealed a feature of delayed effect in the form of a very intense warming of ~8 °C at 18 km after about 4 h of the annular solar eclipse. The Cold-Point Tropopause (CPT) temperature increased slowly before the beginning of the eclipse (up to 10:00 IST) and during the maximum phase of the eclipse, the difference in CPT temperature and height was −3.5 °C and ~110 m, respectively, as that of the control day. After the four hours of the eclipse, the CPT height had decreased by ~1.7 km and the CPT temperature increased by ~4.6 °C. This is for the first time that the diurnal variation of the tropopause has been reported during a solar eclipse day. The present study, thus, provided an opportunity to investigate the temperature perturbations in the troposphere and lower stratosphere during a partial and annular solar eclipse. The highlight of the present results are (1) cooling of the entire troposphere and lower stratosphere during the maximum phase of annular solar eclipse, (2) an intense heating of the lower stratosphere by 8 °C after nearly four hours from the maximum phase of the annular eclipse, and (3) drastic variations in the diurnal evolution of the tropical tropopause characteristics. The cooling effect is attributed to the radiative response of the atmosphere to the solar eclipse, where as heating is attributed to the dynamical response of the atmosphere to the solar eclipse. These results may have important implications in understanding the response of the atmosphere to the radiative, as well as dynamical, perturbations caused by any celestial or terrestrial disturbances.