Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ORIGO: Proving Provenance of Sensitive Data with Constant Communication

Transport Layer Security (TLS) is foundational for safeguarding client-server communication. However, it does not extend integrity guarantees to third-party verification of data authenticity. If a client wants to present data obtained from a server, it cannot convince any other party that the data has not been tampered with. TLS oracles ensure data authenticity beyond the client-server TLS connection, such that clients can obtain data from a server and ensure provenance to any third party, without server-side modifications. Generally, a TLS oracle involves a third party, the verifier, in a TLS session to verify that the data obtained by the client is accurate. Existing protocols for TLS oracles are communication-heavy, as they rely on interactive protocols. We present ORIGO, a TLS oracle with constant communication. Similar to prior work, ORIGO introduces a third party in a TLS session, and provides a protocol to ensure the authenticity of data transmitted in a TLS session, without forfeiting its confidentiality. Compared to prior work, we rely on intricate details specific to TLS 1.3, which allow us to prove correct key derivation, authentication and encryption within a Zero Knowledge Proof (ZKP). This, combined with optimizations for TLS 1.3, leads to an efficient protocol with constant communication in the online phase. Our work reduces online communication by 375 × and online runtime by up to 4 . 6 × , compared to prior work.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Bibliotherapy and Telephone Sessions for the Treatment of Late-Life Anxiety Disorders

This article describes the development of Biblio and Telephone Therapy, or BTT, a cognitive-behavioral treatment program for late-life anxiety disorders. Although studies have examined bibliotherapy for the treatment of late-life depression, none have studied it as a format for treating late-life anxiety. The application of this treatment to four older adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and/or panic disorder (PD) is described, and benefits, advantages, and limitations are discussed.
Investigating social gaze as an action-perception online performance

Gaze represents a major non-verbal communication channel in social interactions. In this respect, when facing another person, one's gaze should not be examined as a purely perceptive process but also as an action-perception online performance. However, little is known about processes involved in the real-time self-regulation of social gaze. The present study investigates the impact of a gaze-contingent viewing window on fixation patterns and the awareness of being the agent moving the window. In face-to-face scenarios played by a virtual human character, the task for the 18 adult participants was to interpret an equivocal sentence which could be disambiguated by examining the emotional expressions of the character speaking. The virtual character was embedded in naturalistic backgrounds to enhance realism. Eye-tracking data showed that the viewing window induced changes in gaze behavior, notably longer visual fixations. Notwithstanding, only half of the participants ascribed the window displacements to their eye movements. These participants also spent more time looking at the eyes and mouth regions of the virtual human character. The outcomes of the study highlight the dissociation between non-volitional gaze adaptation and the self-ascription of agency. Such dissociation provides support for a two-step account of the sense of agency composed of pre-noetic monitoring mechanisms and reflexive processes, linked by bottom-up and top-down processes. We comment upon these results, which illustrate the relevance of our method for studying online social cognition, in particular concerning autism spectrum disorders (ASD) where the poor pragmatic understanding of oral speech is considered linked to visual peculiarities that impede facial exploration.
Further Analysis of Whether Batch and User Evaluations Give the Same Results with a Question-Answering Task

In the TREC-8 Interactive Track, our results indicated that the better performance obtained in batch searching evaluation do not translate into better performance by users in an instance recall task. This year we pursued this investigation further by performing the same experiments using the new questionanswering task adopted in the TREC-9 Interactive Track. Our results once again show that better performance in batch searching evaluation does not translate into gains for real users.
Kernel-Based Reinforcement Learning Using Bellman Residual Elimination

This paper presents a class of new approximate policy iteration algorithms for solving infinite-horizon, discounted Markov decision processes (MDPs) for which a model of the system is available. The algorithms are similar in spirit to Bellman residual minimization methods. However, by exploiting kernel-based regression techniques with nondegenerate kernel functions as the underlying cost-to-go function approximation architecture, the new algorithms are able to explicitly construct cost-to-go solutions for which the Bellman residuals are identically zero at a set of chosen sample states. For this reason, we have named our approach Bellman residual elimination (BRE). Since the Bellman residuals are zero at the sample states, our BRE algorithms can be proven to reduce to exact policy iteration in the limit of sampling the entire state space. Furthermore, by exploiting knowledge of the model, the BRE algorithms eliminate the need to perform trajectory simulations and therefore do not suffer from simulation noise effects. The theoretical basis of our approach is a pair of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces corresponding to the cost and Bellman residual function spaces, respectively. By construcing an invertible linear mapping between these spaces, we transform the problem of performing BRE into a simple regression problem in the Bellman residual space. Once the solution in the Bellman residual space is known, the corresponding cost function is found using the linear mapping. This theoretical framework allows any kernel-based regression technique to be used to perform BRE. The main algorithmic results of this paper are two BRE algorithms, BRE(SV) and BRE(GP), which are based on support vector regression and Gaussian process regression, respectively. BRE(SV) is presented first as an illustration of the basic idea behind our approach, and this approach is then extended to develop the more sophisticated BRE(GP). BRE(GP) is a particularly useful algorithm, since it can exploit techniques from Gaussian process regression to automatically learn the kernel parameters (via maximization of the marginal likelihood) and provide error bounds on the solution (via the posterior covariance). Experimental results demonstrate that both BRE(SV) and BRE(GP) produce good policies and cost approximations for a classic reinforcement learning problem.
Physiological Control of Nitric Oxide in Neuronal BACE1 Translation by Heme-Regulated eIF2α Kinase HRI Induces Synaptogenesis.

AIMS Hippocampus is the brain center for memory formation, a process that requires synaptogenesis. However, hippocampus is dramatically compromised in Alzheimer's disease due to the accumulation of amyloid β-peptide, whose production is initiated by β-site APP Cleaving Enzyme 1 (BACE1). It is known that pathological stressors activate BACE1 translation through the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) by GCN2, PERK, or PKR kinases, leading to amyloidogenesis. However, BACE1 physiological regulation is still unclear. Since nitric oxide (NO) participates directly in hippocampal glutamatergic signaling, we investigated the neuronal role of the heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2α kinase (HRI), which can bind NO by a heme group, in BACE1 translation and its physiological consequences. RESULTS We found that BACE1 is expressed on glutamate activation with NO being the downstream effector by triggering eIF2α phosphorylation, as it was obtained by Western blot and luciferase assay. It is due to the activation of HRI by NO as assayed by Western blot and immunofluorescence with an HRI inhibitor and HRI siRNA. BACE1 expression was early detected at synaptic spines, contributing to spine growth and consolidating the hippocampal memory as assayed with mice treated with HRI or neuronal NO synthase inhibitors. INNOVATION We provide the first description that HRI and eIF2α are working in physiological conditions in the brain under the control of nitric oxide and glutamate signaling, and also that BACE1 has a physiological role in hippocampal function. CONCLUSION We conclude that BACE1 translation is controlled by NO through HRI in glutamatergic hippocampal synapses, where it plays physiological functions, allowing the spine growth and memory consolidation.
Integrated network Linear-Quadratic Model Predictive Control for disturbance on freeways

We propose an integrated approach for dynamic route guidance and ramp metering using Linear Quadratic Model Predictive Control (LQMPC). The main objective is to maximize the throughput of the network by guiding traffic flow towards insufficiently utilized infrastructures. Due to the linear property of the LQMPC, it is fast enough for real-time online traffic control with a short control step (30 second for example). Simulation results from a case study demonstrate that the proposed traffic control approach has great potential to solve congestion when disturbances occur on freeways.
The green blockchain: Managing decentralized energy production and consumption

Energy systems are evolving towards a more decentralized model accommodate with heterogeneous but competitive energy sources and energy storage systems (ESS). This will enable peer to peer energy transactions through microgrids architectures. This paper explores the use of blockchain technology implemented on an Industrial operating system (Predix) for a use case of green certificates, demonstrated within an eco-district.
The Impact of Bicultural Stress on Mexican American Adolescents’ Depressive Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation

Research has found that Mexican American adolescents report higher levels of depressive symptoms than Whites and African Americans. For these youth, bicultural stress from navigating between their culture of origin and the mainstream U.S. culture can have negative mental health effects including higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. This study looks at the effects of bicultural stress and gender on depression and suicidal ideation of 516 Mexican American adolescents. Hierarchical linear and logistic regressions were performed to determine the affect of gender, bicultural stressors, and their interaction on depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Results indicate gender moderates the effect of several bicultural stressors on mental health outcomes, with boys being more affected by high levels of stress in areas when interaction effects were present. Discussion of results is framed within the intersection of ethnicity and gender role socialization.
Response of microbial community of organic-matter-impoverished arable soil to long-term application of soil conditioner derived from dynamic rapid fermentation of food waste

Rapid fermentation of food waste can be used to prepare soil conditioner. This process consumes less time and is more cost-effective than traditional preparation technology. However, the succession of the soil microbial community structure after long-term application of rapid fermentation-derived soil conditioners remains unclear. Herein, dynamic rapid fermentation (DRF) of food waste was performed to develop a soil conditioner and the successions and diversity of bacterial communities in an organic-matter-impoverished arable soil after six years of application of DRF-derived soil conditioner were investigated. Results showed that the treatment increased soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation and strawberry yield by 5.3 g/kg and 555.91 kg/ha, respectively. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes became the dominant phyla, occupying 65.95%–77.52% of the bacterial sequences. Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the soil bacterial communities were largely influenced by the treatment. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that the relative abundances of Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Verrucomicrobia, Nitrospirae, and Firmicutes were significantly correlated with soil TC, TN, TP, NH4+-N, NO3−-N, OM, and moisture. These communities were all distributed in the soil samples collected in the sixth year of application. Long-term treatment did not enhance the diversity of bacterial species but significantly altered the distribution of major functional bacterial communities in the soils. Application of DRF-derived soil conditioner could improve the soil quality and optimize the microbial community, ultimately enhancing fruit yields.
ADP receptor antagonists in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: a post hoc IABP-SHOCK II trial subgroup analysis.

AIMS The aim of this post hoc subgroup analysis of the Intraaortic Balloon Pump in Cardiogenic Shock II trial was to compare the clinical outcome of patients treated with either clopidogrel or the newer, more potent P2Y12 receptor inhibitors prasugrel or ticagrelor. METHODS AND RESULTS The primary endpoint was one-year mortality with respect to different P2Y12 receptor inhibitors. Secondary safety endpoints were GUSTO bleedings until hospital discharge. After exclusion of 117 patients (patients who died before or during PCI, patients with unavailable information on P2Y12 receptor inhibitor treatment, patients not receiving or receiving a combination of different P2Y12 receptor inhibitors as acute antiplatelet therapy), 483 patients were analysed. Of these, 373 patients (77.2%) received clopidogrel and 110 patients (22.8%) either prasugrel or ticagrelor as acute antiplatelet therapy. The adjusted rate of mortality did not differ between prasugrel/ticagrelor and clopidogrel treated patients (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.59-1.19, padj=0.31). GUSTO bleedings did not differ between groups (14.3% for prasugrel/ticagrelor and 16.4% for clopidogrel, HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.55-1.5, padj=0.7). CONCLUSIONS This IABP-SHOCK II trial subgroup analysis shows that the use of potent P2Y12 receptor inhibitors like prasugrel or ticagrelor is feasible and might not be harmful in selected patients with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. However, the superiority in comparison to clopidogrel remains to be proven.
A Conflict Detection Approach for XACML Policies on Hierarchical Resources

Organizational collaborations consider specifying the access control policies of the resources in collaborations by XACML(eXtensible Access Control Markup Language). This gives rise to two problems, one is that the XACML policies used in collaborations will possibly have conflicts with the original policies of the organization, the other problem is that many organizations have a large number of resources, while these resources are organized into hierarchical structure. These two problems make it a challenge to detect the conflicts on a large number of resources. In this paper we will present an assumed pattern of organizational collaboration on which our conflict detection approach is based. We will propose a model checking based approach to detect the conflicts between original XACML policies of an organization and target XACML policies of an organizational collaboration. We handle two sorts of conflicts in XACML policies, i.e. authorization conflict of roles and conditional conflicts on resources. Our detection approach and the performance test results will be presented in this paper.
Content splitting & space sharing: collaboratively reading & sharing children's stories on mobile devices

This paper addresses how children can collaborate by leveraging the ubiquity of mobile devices. Specifically we investigate how children (ages 8--9) read and share children's stories using two collaborative configurations: content splitting and space sharing. Content splitting is where interface pieces (e.g. words, pictures) are split between two or more devices. Space sharing is where the same content (e.g. a document) is spread or shared across devices. The results point to an overall preference for the content splitting configuration. Supporting collaborative configurations on mobile devices can help overcome one of the most significant usability issues these devices face --- their limited screen space.
How to present a crisis - The effects of message timing, message framing and crisis severity on emotions, attitude and behavioral intentions

When a crisis hits an organization, the organization has to decide on a crisis communication strategy. Part of the strategy is to decide when to disclose the crisis and how to present the information about the crisis. The primary goal of this study is to experimentally investigate to what extent the timing, proactive or reactive, and framing, rational or emotional, of the crisis message and the impact of crisis severity, low or high, influence emotions, attitude and behavioral intentions. The latter were defined more specifically as anger and sympathy towards the company, competence-based and character-based trustworthiness of the organization, positive and negative word-of-mouth intentions and purchase intentions. By means of an online survey the data was gathered. Participants were assigned to one of eight conditions, all containing a hypothetical crisis message. The findings of this study indicate that crisis severity strongly influences all crisis communication outcomes. Moreover, message framing is an effective crisis communication strategy when used in combination with message timing, as they positively influence sympathy, trustworthiness, positive word-of-mouth intentions and purchase intentions. Furthermore, results show that emotions, both anger and sympathy, are predictors of trustworthiness, word-of-mouth intentions and purchase intentions. This study contributes to the field of research by confirming previous research on message timing and extending literature on message framing and crisis severity in relation to crisis communication. In addition, the interplay between them is a valuable contribution to literature, as it has not been examined before. In sum, the current research supports the notion that a proactive response in crisis communication demands a rational frame for the crisis message, whereas a reactive response benefits from a more emotional frame.
Evaluation of 2,3,5‐Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride Staining To Delineate Rat Brain Infarcts

Background and Purpose: Accurate and reproducible determination of the size and location of cerebral infarcts is critical for the evaluation of experimental focal cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to compare intracardiac perfusion of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride with immersion of brain tissue in 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride to delineate brain infarcts in rats. Methods: After 6, 24, or 48 hours of ischemia induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion, some rats were perfused with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride; other rats were given an overdose of barbiturates, after which brain sections were immersed in 2,3,5- triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Coronal sections were taken 4, 6, and 8 mm from the frontal pole, and infarct areas in perfused and immersed sections were compared; subsequently, the same sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: In rats subjected to 24 or 48 hours of occlusion, areas of infarction were clearly defined with both 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining techniques, and the infarct sizes correlated well with the results of hematoxylin and eosin staining (r=0.85−0.94). Conclusions: These results demonstrate that intracardiac perfusion of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride is an accurate, inexpensive, and efficient staining method to detect infarcted tissue 24 and 48 hours after the onset of ischemia in rats.
Single Event Transient Tolerance Analysis in 8051 Microprocessor Using Scan Chain

 Abstract — As semi-conductor manufacturing technology evolves; the single event transient problem becomes more significant issue. Single event transient has a critical impact on both combinational and sequential logic circuits, so it is important to evaluate the soft error tolerance of the circuits at the design stage. In this paper, we present a soft error detecting simulation using scan chain. The simulation model generates a single event transient randomly in the circuit, and detects the soft error during the execution of the test patterns. We verified this model by inserting a scan chain in an 8051 microprocessor using 65 nm CMOS technology. While the test patterns generated by ATPG program are passing through the scan chain, we insert a single event transient and detect the number of soft errors per sub-module. The experiments show that the soft error rates per cell area of the SFR module is 277% larger than other modules.
Efficient calculation of cyclic convolution by means of fast Fourier transform in a finite field

Over a finite field a transformation similar to discrete Fourier transform can be defined that can be efficiently implemented using fast algorithms. One of the main applications of such transformation is calculation of convolutions of long sequences of integers by means of integer arithmetic. In this paper a method of implementation of two vectors convolution using modular arithmetic with Proth-type modulo is considered. A device performing cyclic convolution using modular arithmetic was created. A comparison with binary analogues was carried out.
Strategic Innovation in Traditional Big Business: Case Studies of Two Japanese Companies

This paper presents two case studies of how large, traditional corporations simultaneously created new service markets and established a dominant position in the competitive fields of the Internet and mobile communications in Japan. The corporations accepted new organizational bodies imbued with an entrepreneurial spirit supported by different types of personnel and then continuously promoted entrepreneurial strategies based on time pacing. At the same time, with the aim of implementing strategic innovation, the companies integrated the above strategies with deliberate strategies based on event-based pacing practiced by the existing organizational bodies. This paper uses case studies to discuss the factors in success and the problems encountered in the course of achieving strategic innovation in the communications field, specifically in the creation of new markets, through the deliberate and strategic maintenance and subsequent integration of paradoxical organizations and strategies under a single corporate umbrella.
Action Recognition Using Local Joints Structure and Histograms of 3D Joints

In this paper, we present a method for human action recognition using local joints structure and histograms of 3D joints. Global features like histograms of 3D joints [12] ignore the local structure information of the human body joints, which is also essential for accurate action recognition. To address this problem, we propose a local joints structure feature as a complement, and combine both global and local features for posture description in our method. Then, linear discriminant analysis is used to reduce the feature dimension, and k-means clustering is utilized to generate codewords. Finally, these codewords are treated as discrete symbols for training hidden Markov models (HMMs) which are used for action recognition. Experimental results demonstrate that our method has better performance than other methods when testing on UTKinect-Action Dataset and MSR Action3D dataset.