Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning from Harvey Milk: The Limits and Opportunities of One Hero to Teach About LGBTQ People and Issues

Highlighting a hero is a common response to including the history of marginalized people in the curriculum. Harvey Milk is becoming that hero as social studies curriculum responds to calls for including LGBTQ people. By studying Milk, what might young people learn about LGBTQ people, issues, and movements? What opportunities and limitations exist for moving beyond one hero and learning about justice for LGBTQ people? How might social studies teachers address limitations and capitalize on opportunities in such curriculum? I analyze how Milk is presented in eight published lesson plans ranging from elementary school to adult education, two nonfiction books, and one online script for a school assembly. These materials carry limitations: reinforcing heteronormativity, ignoring homophobia, perpetuating the “great man” notion of history, and obscuring long-term struggle by other individuals and coalitions of diverse groups working for change. In the hands of social studies teachers who are aware of these limitations and can move beyond them, they also present opportunities to explore issues like marriage equality, coming out, bullying, and tools for political and social change.
Quantum digital signature based on quantum one-way functions

A quantum digital signature scheme based on quantum mechanics is proposed in this paper. The security of the protocol relies on the existence of quantum one-way functions by fundamental quantum principles. Our protocol involves a so-called arbitrator who validates and authenticates the signed message. This scheme uses public quantum keys publicized by the signatory to verify the validity of the signature and uses quantum one-time pad to ensure the security of quantum information on channel. To guarantee the authenticity of the transmitted quantum states, a family of quantum stabilizer code is employed. The proposed scheme presents a novel method to construct secure quantum signature systems for future secure communications
Task-Relevant Sound and User Experience in Computer-Mediated Firefighter Training

The authors added task-relevant sounds to a computer-mediated instructor in-the-loop virtual training for firefighter commanders in an attempt to raise the engagement and arousal of the users. Computer-mediated training for crew commanders should provide a sensory experience that is sufficiently intense to make the training viable and effective. In practice, sound is an important source of information for firefighters. During an evaluation of a soundless computer-mediated and instructor in-the-loop virtual training, both trainees and instructors frequently remarked that the lack of sound made the simulation less convincing and engaging. Research on entertainment games has shown that users may experience higher levels of presence, engagement, and arousal when sound is included in the simulations. The authors therefore hypothesized that the addition of task-relevant (informative) sounds to a virtual training would raise the engagement and arousal of the users, and the overall convincingness of the simulation. In this study, they included verisimilar and task-relevant sounds in an instructor in-the-loop computer-mediated firefighter training and assessed how these sounds affect user experience. In contrast to the common belief of trainees and instructors, the authors find that merely adding task-relevant sounds does not necessarily increase the engagement and arousal of the users. The authors conclude that the physical presence of (and verbal communication with) the instructor probably distracted from the simulation, and an integral sound design involving mediated communication with a remotely present instructor may be required to resolve this problem.
SHREC ’ 07-Protein Retrieval Challenge

The SHREC 3D Shape Retrieval Contest aims to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D-shape retrieval algorithms on various types of data. In this particular track the structure of three dimensional proteins is under consideration. The Protein Database (PDB) offers over 30000 protein structures. To cope with such a huge amount of data automatic classification and search tools get more and more important in biomolecular research. Feature based approaches are known to be the tool to provide a fast content based retrieval. In this contest we want to evaluate such methods. Each protein is attached with a fingerprint which is relying solely on coordinates of the atom sequence of the protein, no further information is used. Four different methods methods are evaluated.
The Urban Aesthetic

The aesthetics of a great city is a combination of many sensory stimuli as well as the visual one. Most of these and even some of the visual effects are outside the control of the designer. Great cities have had fine ap proaches, fine magnets of general interest. They have historically been mainly for the slow pedestrian and for daytime effect. Now we must find a way to preserve or restore the approaches and the magnets of the city centers and to create them in the plasmodial periphery. And we must do this on a new time scale including the speed of the airplane and on a twenty-four hour basis. To do this while also retaining nature is the principal problem. It will not be solved by a few towering geniuses alone.
An Efficient Construction for Fail-Stop Signature for Long Messages

The security of ordinary digital signature schemes relies on a computational assumption. Fail-stop signature (FSS) schemes provide security for a signer against a forger with unlimited computational power by enabling the signer to provide a proof of forgery, if it occurs. Signing long messages using FSS requires a hash function with provable security which results in slow signature generation. In this paper we propose a new construction for FSS schemes based on linear authentication codes which does not require a hash function, and results in a much faster signature generation at the cost of slower verification, and a longer secret key and signature. An important advantage of the scheme is that the proof of forgery is the same as a traditional FSS and does not rely on the properties of the hash function. The scheme can be used in a distributed setting where signature generation requires collaboration of k signers. The paper concludes with some open problems.
Stabilizing a fluid intervention: The development of Motivational Interviewing, 1983–2013

Introduced in 1983, Motivational Interviewing (MI) is now widely regarded as an efficacious psychosocial intervention in the addiction treatment field. Drawing on research literature, this article asks how this was achieved. Contrary to common conceptions of the dissemination of psychosocial interventions within the addiction treatment field, this analysis takes neither MI's identity nor its efficacy to be inherent qualities, but sees them as being constructed by various actors. This construction work is described as stabilizing processes. Being loosely structured and flexible, it is suggested that MI can be regarded as a fluid intervention. This has presented difficulties for its subsequent stabilization. As MI has been differently operationalized in clinical trials, it was not obvious at first to talk about the efficacy of MI as a single object of concern in systematical reviews and meta-analyses. The article discusses some of the complexities involved in the production and dissemination of efficacious psychosocial interventions. Compared with other cases, MI displays a somewhat different mode of stabilization. It is argued that MI has been stabilized enough to be considered an efficacious intervention while simultaneously incorporating fluidity, which makes it useful in a wide range of clinical settings.
Coronal Alignment of the Lower Limb and the Incidence of Constitutional Varus Knee in Korean Females

Purpose In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), it is important to restore neutral mechanical alignment. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the lower limb alignment is neutral in healthy Korean females and investigate the incidence of constitutional varus knees among them. Materials and Methods Weight-bearing full-leg standing radiographs were obtained from 118 healthy females between the ages of 20 to 39 years. One radiologist and two orthopaedic surgeons measured the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and femoral anatomic mechanical angle (FAMA) on the radiographs and compared with the traditional gold standard HKAA of 0°, MPTA of 3° varus, and FAMA of 6°. Results The interobserver reliability of the three independent observers was high (p<0.001). The HKAA of the study subjects (1.35°±2.04°) was significantly different from the standard HKAA of 0° (p<0.001), but no statistically significant difference was observed in the MPTA (-3.18°±1.61°) and FAMA (5.99°±0.70°) from the standard values (p=0.083 and p=0.887, respectively). The incidence of constitutional varus alignment was 20.34%. Conclusions In Korean females, the mechanical axis of the lower limb was not neutral and the incidence of constitutional varus alignment was slightly higher than that in Western females. We believe that these findings should be taken into consideration in planning reconstructive surgery of the knee, such as TKA, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, and high tibial osteotomy.
The Development of the Network Examination for Student Socialization (NEXSS) Observational Instrument

The complexity of learning has plagued the educational establishment for decades. Recently, ideas of complexity theory and complex adaptive systems have made headway in how we think of institutions of learning. This study developed and tested an instrument for the modeling of underlying social structures, as an element of complexity, within the physical education learning environment. Currently, there are no instruments capable of producing valid and reliable models of underlying student social networks in physical education classes. This study sought to develop and test one of the first instruments for the explicit purpose of this modeling. The Network Examination for Student Socialization was developed as a product of this effort. Testing demonstrated the Network Examination for Student Socialization is both a reliable and valid instrument for modeling underlying student social structures within physical education classes. It is hoped that in years to come, the Network Examination for Student Socialization can play a key role in the study of complexity within physical education.
EPUAP Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Survey in Sweden: A Two‐Year Follow‐Up of Quality Indicators

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of quality improvement programs for pressure ulcer prevention by conducting a follow-up survey in a hospital in Sweden. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey design with comparison between data collected in 2002 and 2004. SETTING AND SUBJECTS All inpatient areas were surveyed in the surgical, medical, and geriatric departments in a university hospital. A total of 369 patients were included. INSTRUMENTS The European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel data collection form including some additional questions. METHODS The 1-day survey was conducted on March 23, 2004. Each patient was visited by 2 registered nurses, who inspected the patient's skin for any pressure ulcer classified according to the EPUAP grading system. RESULTS There were no significant differences in gender, age, or Braden score between the patients in surgical, medical, or geriatric care in 2002 and 2004. The overall prevalence of pressure ulcers was 33.3% (grade 1 excluded: 10.9%) in 2002 and 28.2% (grade 1 excluded: 14.1%) in 2004. In surgical care, the prevalence was reduced from 26.8% to 17.3% (P = .051). In medical care, the prevalence was 23.6% in 2002 and 26.7% in 2004. Corresponding prevalence figures for geriatric care were 59.3% and 50.0%. A quarter of the patients in surgical care, a third in medical care, and more than half in geriatric care had a pressure ulcer upon arrival at the ward. The use of pressure-reducing mattresses had increased significantly from 16.0% to 42.7% in medical care (P = .000). CONCLUSIONS The EPUAP methodology has facilitated the introduction of pressure ulcer as a quality indicator at hospital level. Pressure ulcer prevalence surveys with a standardized methodology should be repeated on a regular basis in order to stimulate quality improvement.
A switch from constitutive chemical defence to inducible innate immune responses in the invasive ladybird Harmonia axyridis

The harlequin ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, has emerged as a model species for invasion biology, reflecting its remarkable capacity to outcompete native ladybird species when introduced into new habitats. This ability may be associated with its prominent resistance to pathogens and intraguild predation. We recently showed that the constitutive antibacterial activity present in the haemolymph of H. axyridis beetles can be attributed to the chemical defence compound harmonine. Here, we demonstrate that H. axyridis differs from other insects, including the native ladybird Coccinella septempunctata, by reducing rather than increasing the antimicrobial activity of its haemolymph following the injection of bacteria. However, both species produce new or more abundant proteins in the haemolymph, indicating that bacterial challenge induces innate immune responses associated with the synthesis of immunity-related proteins. Our results suggest that H. axyridis beetles can switch from constitutive chemical defence to inducible innate immune responses, supporting hypothesis that inducible antimicrobial peptides protect host beetles against pathogens that survive constitutive defences. These alternative antimicrobial defence mechanisms may reflect a trade-off resulting from fitness-related costs associated with the simultaneous synthesis of harmonine and antimicrobial peptides/proteins.
REANA : An RFID-Enabled Environment-Aware Navigation System for the Visually Impaired

Nearly 5% of the US population is visually impaired, and nearly half of this population is within ‘working age’ (18-69). In humans, the visual sense is the most important of the five senses, and a lack of it poses serious limitations, both in daily life activities and also in job placement. The most basic task enabled by the visual system is the navigation of spatial environments. More advanced tasks are the perception, recognition, and localization of objects and people in the scene, which also includes visual search. Recent developments in several technologies with the wireless network in the centerpiece can aid the visually impaired in many of these tasks. For example, GPS, infrared laser scanner, and RFID tags can help in spatial navigation that we exploit in our REANA system. In addition to basic navigation, REANA aims to provide capabilities for more advanced visual tasks, such as object and scene perception, identification, localization, and search. REANA has the potential to make the life of the visually impaired considerably more similar to that of a seeing person, giving him/her substantially improved quality of life.
The Power of Black and Latina/o Counterstories: Urban Families and College‐Going Processes

This article examines the diversity of practices utilized by working-class and poor black and Latina/o families to support their children's college-going processes. We employ the work of feminists, scholars of color, and critical ethnographers to critique the power undergirding the monolithic model establishing one entry point of parental involvement in urban schools. Then, drawing on data from a one-year critical ethnography of 27 black and Latina/o youth, we illustrate the ways counterstories expanded entry points of family involvement within the lives of black and Latina/o college-bound youth. [minorities, youth, college-going, family, counterstories]
Empirical lessons about occupational categorization from case studies of unemployment

Background. Scrutiny regarding the typological categorization of occupation (e.g., occupation as work, rest, or leisure) has prompted interest in experiential categories as a less exclusionary alternative. Empirical research can extend the dialogue about categorization by demonstrating how people in particular situations apply and generate occupational categories. Purpose. This article explores how adults without work utilized typological and experiential categorizations when discussing their occupations. Method. Data were generated via a secondary analysis of interview transcripts from three ethnographic case studies. Findings. Study consultants gravitated toward experiential rather than typological categorizations, emphasizing the social, chosen, purposeful, and temporal qualities of their occupational engagement. Implications. Occupational therapy practitioners and researchers must explicitly state how and why they categorize occupations with clients and research participants. Whereas typological categories can be used to initiate discussions about occupation, open questions paired with consultant-generated experiential categories may better capture occupational engagement and reveal potential injustices in situations like unemployment.
Increasing Parallelism on multicore processors using Induced Parallelism

Multicore processors give an opportunity to increase the performance of software programs by parallelizing them. However, it is not enough to have the hardware capability of parallelization through multicore. It is equally important to exploit this in software. The problem is compounded if there is a legacy sequential code written for a single processor. Parallelization can be achieved by executing different threads of a program on multiple cores. In this paper, a technique of Induced Parallelism is proposed to increase performance of branch statements like if-else. After resolving the dependencies between ‘if’ and ‘else’ block, new tasks formed from these blocks, are run on idle cores ahead of their actual execution time. Hence this technique improves performance of a program in terms of time, in spite of redundant execution of a section of the code. It can be extended to other branch statements for increasing parallelization of existing code.
Long-term outcome of muscle strength in ulnar and median nerve injury: comparing manual muscle strength testing, grip and pinch strength dynamometers and a new intrinsic muscle strength dynamometer.

OBJECTIVE To compare the outcome of muscle strength with manual muscle strength testing grip and pinch strength measurements and a dynamometer which allows for measurements of the intrinsic muscles of the hand in isolation (the Rotterdam Intrinsic Hand Myometer, RIHM). METHODS Thirty-four patients more than 2 years after ulnar and/or median nerve injury. Muscle strength was evaluated using manual muscle strength testing (MMST), grip, pinch and intrinsic muscle strength measurements. RESULTS Manual muscle strength testing showed that most muscles recover to grade 3 or 4. Average grip strength recovery, as percentage of the uninjured hand, was 83%. Pinch strength recovery was 75%, 58% and 39% in patients with ulnar, median and combined nerve injuries, respectively. The RIHM measurements revealed a poor recovery of the ulnar nerve innervated muscles in particular (26-37%). No significant correlation (Pearson) was found between the measurements of the RIHM and grip strength. Pinch strength was significantly correlated with strength of the abduction of thumb and opposition of the thumb strength (r 0.55 and 0.72, p = 0.026, 0.002) as measured with the RIHM. CONCLUSION While manual muscle strength testing and grip strength measurements show a reasonable to good recovery, measurements of the intrinsic muscles by means of the RIHM showed poor recovery of intrinsic muscle strength after peripheral nerve injury. No correlation was found between the recovery of intrinsic muscle strength and grip strength measurements.
An ecological version of accountability

Lecture is organized: capable of being accounted for; and subject to giving an account. The latter definition raises in one's mind the question of who is to account for some goal or condition. The former raises at least two questions: What is most likely to assure the requisite capability? To what end or condition is this capability to be directed? And, of course, all three questions point toward a fourth: What criteria are to be used to guide and evaluate the total process or system of accounting? These questions are roughly comparable to those put forward in the 1975 Phi Delta Kappa report on accountability:
Spiritual themes of the “learning organization”

In the information age, the key to competitive advantage, claim many contemporary management thinkers, is no longer land or capital but knowledge, and specifically the capacity of organizations to acquire knowledge that translates into ongoing organizational innovations. The learning organization is a model of the organizational type that allows the human spirit to flourish so that creativity and innovation are possible. This study examines the characteristics of the learning organization, emphasizing its spiritual themes of employee growth, collaboration, and a sense of community. Points of convergence and divergence between the learning organization model and traditional spiritual understandings of employees and organizations are explored. Learning from these spiritual sources, it is argued, will not only help organizations achieve business objectives, but allow human beings to flourish within organizations.
Social Responsibility in Tourism and Sustainable Development

A n increasing number of agents involved in tourism activities are aware of the effects of tourism development and of the impact of these activities on the population and the environment. In recent years, there has been a focus on a well6observed development of tourism according to standards that guarantee the preservation of ecological balance and avoid the overuse of resources, pollution and other negative environmental effects. A sustainable community must adopt a three6direction approach that has in view economic, environmental and cultural resources. Communities must take into account not only short6term, but also long6term needs. Sustainable tourism development requires the reconciliation of opposing interests and objectives, favoring partnership and cooperation between decision6makers, processors and consumers promoting long6 term public interest. In order to achieve these goals, codes of good practice in tourism must be respected and implemented. These codes must be socially responsible at all levels (national, regional, and local) and based on already recognized international standards . This paper aims to assess the involvement of the principles of sustainable development in the sector of tourism through the implementation of the methodologies of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).