Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local and Cumulative Analysis of Self-similar Traffic Traces

Internet traffic shows variability in all time scales, which in turn shows statistical self-similarity. This selfsimilar behaviour has significant implications for QoS since it increments the total delay and packet loss rate. Therefore, we need to test for the degree of selfsimilarity and use this information for control purposes. For achieving the above-mentioned, the use of traces consisting of several thousands of points and hours of measurement are used. However, there are not enough studies about the number of points required to get an accurate estimation of the Hurst exponent. In this article, we study the local and cumulative behaviour of many real and synthetic self-similar traces. This is done for trying to infer the number of points required for Hurst parameter estimation and for checking dependence of Hurst exponents. We show that local analysis presents self-similarity, and the Hurst exponent tends to be stable in the cumulative case.
Inferring population history with DIY ABC: a user-friendly approach to approximate Bayesian computation

Summary: Genetic data obtained on population samples convey information about their evolutionary history. Inference methods can extract part of this information but they require sophisticated statistical techniques that have been made available to the biologist community (through computer programs) only for simple and standard situations typically involving a small number of samples. We propose here a computer program (DIY ABC) for inference based on approximate Bayesian computation (ABC), in which scenarios can be customized by the user to fit many complex situations involving any number of populations and samples. Such scenarios involve any combination of population divergences, admixtures and population size changes. DIY ABC can be used to compare competing scenarios, estimate parameters for one or more scenarios and compute bias and precision measures for a given scenario and known values of parameters (the current version applies to unlinked microsatellite data). This article describes key methods used in the program and provides its main features. The analysis of one simulated and one real dataset, both with complex evolutionary scenarios, illustrates the main possibilities of DIY ABC. Availability: The software DIY ABC is freely available at http://www.montpellier. inra.fr/CBGP/diyabc. Contact: j.cornuet@imperial.ac. uk Supplementary information: Supplementary data are also available at http://www.montpellier. inra.fr/CBGP/diyabc
A Two Phase Clustering Method for Intelligent Customer Segmentation

Customer Segmentation is an increasingly significant issue in today’s competitive commercial area. Many literatures have reviewed the application of data mining technology in customer segmentation, and achieved sound effectives. But in the most cases, it is performed using customer data from a special point of view, rather than from systematical method considering all stages of CRM. This paper, with the aid of data mining tools, constructs a new customer segmentation method based on RFM, demographic and LTV data. The new customer segmentation method consists of two phases. Firstly, with K-means clustering, customers are clustered into different segments regarding their RFM. Secondly, using demographic data, each cluster again is partitioned into new clusters. Finally, using LTV, a profile for customer is created. The method has been applied to a dataset from Iranian bank, which resulted in some useful management measures and suggestions.
A monolithic polymeric microgripper with photo-thermal actuation for biomanipulation

Design, simulation, fabrication and characterization of polymeric photo-thermal microgrippers are presented. The microgrippers were fabricated using a single layer of SU-8. Thermal actuation was achieved in a non-contact manner by focusing laser beam on the grippers from a remote source. Finite element simulations of the microgrippers are presented to investigate the temperature distribution, finger deflection and induced stress. The experimental results demonstrate that the polymeric microgripper with a length of 900 mum can achieve a deflection of 22 mum. The microgrippers also feature high repeatability and biocompatibility, therefore they can be used for microassembly and biomanipulation applications specifically for single cell manipulation.
Sketching Over Props: Understanding and Interpreting 3D Sketch Input Relative to Rapid Prototype Props

We present a discussion of our recent work to understand and interpret 3D sketch input made relative to rapid prototype props. 3D printing technology has now matured to the point where it is readily available for use in creating rapid prototypes of scientific and other datasets to support physical visualization of complex 3D geometries. We believe that the utility of these physical printouts can be dramatically increased if we can better understand how to use them as interactive tools rather than simply static physical displays. To this end, we have been exploring the potential of combining 3D sketch-based interfaces with physical rapid prototypes for accomplishing tasks such as linking the physical printout with complementary stereoscopic visualizations of data inside the bounding surface of the 3D geometry. This research trajectory raises several interesting discussion points related to understanding how best to bring sketch recognition to this new 3D application. In this paper, we describe the research context and initial insights that we have obtained through a formative design critique of our current sketching interface. We conclude by identifying four specific research challenges that we believe are critical for better understanding how sketch-based input can be used to turn rapid prototype props into highly-interactive visualization tools.
A Simple Algorithm for Local Earthquake Location Using 3D VP and VS Models: Test Examples in the Central United States and in Central Eastern Taiwan

Traditional local-earthquake location using a horizontally layered homogeneous velocity model is limited in its resolution and reliability due to the existence of frequently overlooked 3D complexity of the real Earth. During traditional 3D seismic tomography, simultaneous earthquake relocation using the resultant 3D velocity model has produced reliable earthquake locations; however, only a small subset of events are typically used and thus relocated in the inversion. The rest of the events in a catalog must then be relocated using the 3D models. The repeated calculation of travel times across 3D V P and V S models is also not efficient and not practical for a routine network earthquake location when the very time-consuming exact 3D raytracing is used. Because high-resolution earthquake data are now available from many modern seismic networks, representative high-resolution 3D V P and V S models for a region can be better determined. By taking advantage of recently available high-speed computer technology and large disk space, we implemented a simple algorithm to efficiently locate every local earthquake using the best available regional 3D V P and V S models. Once the V P and V S information for all cubic cells in a 3D grid model are determined, P and S travel times from each grid point to all seismic stations can be calculated and stored on disk files for later usage. During the iteration process for earthquake location, travel times from a trial hypocenter to all recording stations can be determined simply by a linear interpolation from those of the adjacent eight grid points available in the previously stored disk files without the need for raytracing. The iterations continue until the hypocenter adjustments at the end of the last iteration are below the given criteria and the travel-time residual, or the difference between the observed and the calculated travel times, is a minimum. Therefore, any local earthquake can be efficiently and reliably located using the available 3D velocity models. This simple location program has been applied to relocate earthquakes in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (nmsz) of the central United States and in the central eastern Taiwan region. Preliminary results in both regions reveal that earthquake hypocenters can be efficiently relocated in spite of the very significant lateral structural variations. Tests with data from Taiwan further demonstrate that the resolution of seismic tomography and the relocated seismicity is sensitive to relative distribution of seismic-network stations and background seismicity. Thus, this single-event location program can be applied to relocate all earthquakes in a seismic-network catalog and, more importantly, to allow routine earthquake location for any seismic network using the available 3D velocity models.
Economic Impact of Digital Media: Growing Nuance, Critique, and Direction for Education Research

Digitization by computers, like steam power and internal combustion, is widely recognized as a pervasive, disruptive engine powering new ways of living and affecting all aspects of economic life. Research on its economic impact cannot be entirely disentangled from powerful cultural stories connecting technological , educational, and economic progress. As cracks appear in the narratives of constant progress through technology, science, civilization, and economic prosperity, research on the economic impact of digital media develops nuance. This review of literature examines a wide range of perspectives on the economic impact of digital media as a basis for suggesting areas of further research and implications for education, civic, engagement, and policy.
UWB-over-fiber sensor network for accurate localization based on optical time-division multiplexing

An impulse radio (IR) ultra-wideband (UWB) over fiber sensor network for accurate localization based on optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) is proposed and demonstrated. Neither clock synchronization nor parameter estimation is required in the proposed UWB sensor nodes. All complex signal processing is completed in the central station, which can greatly improve the localization accuracy and simplify the UWB sensor system. A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out. Two-dimension localization with centimeter-level spatial resolution is achieved.
Fast Sodium Channel Gating Supports Localized and Efficient Axonal Action Potential Initiation

Action potentials (APs) are initiated in the proximal axon of most neurons. In myelinated axons, a 50-times higher sodium channel density in the initial segment compared to the soma may account for this phenomenon. However, little is known about sodium channel density and gating in proximal unmyelinated axons. To study the mechanisms underlying AP initiation in unmyelinated hippocampal mossy fibers of adult mice, we recorded sodium currents in axonal and somatic membrane patches. We demonstrate that sodium channel density in the proximal axon is ∼5 times higher than in the soma. Furthermore, sodium channel activation and inactivation are ∼2 times faster. Modeling revealed that the fast activation localized the initiation site to the proximal axon even upon strong synaptic stimulation, while fast inactivation contributed to energy-efficient membrane charging during APs. Thus, sodium channel gating and density in unmyelinated mossy fiber axons appear to be specialized for robust AP initiation and propagation with minimal current flow.
Explaining Fibrofog: Carbohydrate Cravings Explain More Than Pain and Negative Mood Alone

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the preliminary study was to identify the contributions of various food cravings with the cognitive impairment in fibromyalgia [FMS] known as “Fibrofog”. Methods: Forty-seven, non-diabetic female participants aged 19 and older with FMS completed the Mental Clutter Scale, the Food Craving Inventory, the Profile of Mood States and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire-Revised. Results: Carbohydrate cravings were found to be a unique correlate of Fibrofog compared to other specific cravings. Results from hierarchal models revealed that carbohydrate cravings independently predicted Fibrofog, albeit modestly, over and above the symptoms of physical impact and mood (even after controlling for BMI). Conclusions: Along with the primary roles of FMS symptom clusters, carbohydrate cravings play a unique role in the cognitive impairment.
Boundary Node Selection and Target Detection in Wireless Sensor Network

Recording information of the entry and exit of a target through the boundary of the deployed region is highly essential in wireless sensor network. In this paper, sequential boundary node selection (SBNS) and distributed boundary node selection (DBNS) algorithms are proposed to find out the boundary nodes of the wireless sensor network with or without presence of obstacles over the deployed region. Besides, a target detection protocol is proposed to detect the entry and exit of the single target using those boundary nodes. Simulation results show that the selection of boundary nodes in our protocol is almost close to the optimal one and time of selecting the boundary nodes would not increase rapidly with increase in size of the wireless sensor network.
Seismic anisotropy of the upper mantle 1. Factors that affect mineral texture and effective elastic properties

Flow‐induced mineral alignment in the Earth's mantle affects the nature of seismic wave propagation. Since measurements of seismic travel time and shear wave splitting are a key means by which the structure of the upper mantle can be imaged, it is important to understand the factors that contribute to variability in elastic properties. Seismic anisotropy associated with lattice‐preferred orientations of minerals in peridotite is the focus of this study. One way to better understand anisotropy in a convecting upper mantle is to simulate texture evolution based on certain assumptions. Simulations of the development of olivine and orthopyroxene alignment along streamlines of a mantle flow field illustrate how continuously varying strain conditions affect the resulting orientation distribution. There are various uncertainties in rock texture simulations, and the aim here is to investigate how much model assumptions may influence the results. A model of upper mantle flow in the vicinity of an oceanic spreading center is used to illustrate these points. First we assess how sensitive results are on assumptions of different polycrystal plasticity models, specifically lower bounds and viscoplastic self‐consistent approaches. We also investigate how recrystallization during deformation might affect the texture that develops along a streamline. The effects of grain growth and nucleation produce, as expected, textures that are different from the deformation‐only case. However, the basic P wave structure of the predicted anisotropy is similar between models for streamlines in a slow‐spreading, passive flow model as is commonly used for simulating flow near this type of plate boundary. Shear wave splitting patterns are more complex and differ somewhat more between the models in the off‐axis region. We also compare predictions for texture development of olivine‐only aggregates to that of mixed composition with 70% olivine and 30% orthopyroxene. Although we consider only one aspect of such polyphase deformation, i.e., plastic deformation on specified crystal slip systems, our results are consistent with field observations of the orientation distributions in ophiolitic peridotites. Finally, we determine how simplifying assumptions about the symmetry of the elastic anisotropy can bias interpretations of seismic travel time and shear wave splitting. Whereas a hexagonal approximation can lead to underestimates of the degree of anisotropy, an orthorhombic approximation is found to closely match the results predicted for a general elastic tensor corresponding to an orientation distribution whose symmetry is as low as monoclinic or triclinic.
Improving PC-based OpenFlow switching performance

In this paper, we propose an architectural design to improve lookup performance of OpenFlow switching in Linux using a standard commodity network interface card based on the Intel 82599 Gigabit Ethernet controller. We describe our design and report our preliminary results that show packet switching throughput increasing up to 25 percent compared to the throughput of regular software-based OpenFlow switching.
Scaffolding and co-operative learning: Effects on reading comprehension and vocabulary knowledge in English as a foreign language

For university students in Indonesia, English reading comprehension, which partially depends on vocabulary knowledge, is key to success in academic achievement. The current study was set up to compare the effect of two commonly known teaching interventions during a whole semester to improve reading comprehension skills and vocabulary knowledge: scaffolding and cooperative learning. University students of the faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Jambi University, majoring in English, were assigned to three different groups: scaffolding individual learning (SIL), scaffolding cooperative learning (SCL) and individual learning (IL) without scaffolding but help of dictionaries. The results show that there were no differences between the three groups in immediate effects of intervention. Nor were there differences among the three groups in the amount of vocabulary knowledge gain. On the post test, however, the students who had received scaffolding questions (individually or cooperatively) were significantly better than those who had not, but the students who had worked individually were better than those who had worked in small groups. In other words, there is a clear transfer effect for scaffolding. Lower ability students benefited relatively more in reading comprehension gain than the higher ability level students. Within the cooperative learning condition, attitudinal factors had a strong relationship with reading comprehension gain, but not with vocabulary gain. Thus, the more positive the attitude of the students, the more accountable the individuals, and the more comfortable the group members are with each other, the higher the gain.
Typing of Selective -Calculus

Record calculi have recently been a very active eld of research, but its reciprocal, i.e. the use of keywords in functions, is still ignored. Selective -calculus is a conservative extension of lambda calculus which, by labeling abstractions and applications, enables some form of commutation between arguments. It is an enhancement for both clarity, thanks to labels, and power with the possibility to commute. We propose here a simply typed version of this calculus, and show that it extends to second order and polymorphic typing. For this last one there exists a most generic type, and we give the algorithm to nd it. This, combined with the fact selective -calculus extends naturally lambda calculus, giving numeric labels their intuitive meaning, provides us with a keyword extension for polymorphically typed languages like ML, compatible with the original syntax, where unlabeled abstractions and applications can be seen as labeled by 1.
Transleg: A wire-driven leg-wheel robot with a compliant spine

A novel leg-wheel robot, Transleg, is proposed in this paper. Differing from the existing leg-wheel robots, Transleg is driven by wire, so the transmission mechanism is simple and the weight is reduced. Transleg adopts a transformable leg-wheel mechanism which has two degrees of freedom in the legged mode and one degree of freedom in the wheeled mode. The motions in and switching between the two modes are achieved by the same actuators. That is to say only two actuators are needed in one leg-wheel mechanism. The spine contributes significantly to the motion of the quadrupeds, so a compliant spine mechanism is designed for Transleg, which is actuated by two actuators and can bend in yaw and pitch directions. The leg-wheel and spine mechanisms and their kinematic analysis are described in this paper. To verify the feasibility of the leg-wheel mechanisms, the motions of Transleg without spine bending in legged and wheeled modes and switching between the two modes are simulated. Experiments on the motion of the prototype of the leg-wheel and spine mechanisms are also performed to validate the effectiveness of the two proposed mechanisms.
"And Ain't I a Woman?"Senegalese Women Immigrants, Language Use, Acquisition, and CulturalMaintenance in an African Hair-Braiding Shop

When one disaggregates data on immigration to the United States, an asymmetrical distributional pattern is revealed (U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 2004). Specifically, persons born in the continent of Africa are underrepresented amongst the country’s immigrant. Less than 10% of all immigrants are female immigrants from Senegal – a linguistically complex country in which a nonnative language, French, is the national language. Thus, immigrants to American society from Senegal whether male or female, must engage in third language acquisition as a part of their socialization and acculturation process. As a result of the scarcity of Senegalese immigrants, few studies have been conducted which seek to identify the processes involved in language use and identity maintenance among African immigrants in general, and female immigrants in particular. This study was designed to fill this void. Executed within the context of a hair braiding salon in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, this study was designed to answer several questions: To what degree does the business serve as a community of practice that motivates the acquisition of English by the shop owner? Can a hair-braiding shop serve as an instrument for the merging of Senegalese and American culture? and How do the Senegalese women in the study balance and maintain their Senegalese identity and what role does language play in this process? Before addressing these questions, it is necessary to review research on language learning and immigrant women.
AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH – PERFORMANCE MEASURE OF A RE-ENTRANT LINE IN A REFLOW SCREENING OPERATION

This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) method applied to a multistage re-entrant line system. Generally, queuing networks adopt analytical methods or use simulation packages to determine their performance measure. The contribution of this paper is the development of an alternate solution method using ANN approach to determine performance measure namely the total cycle time for a Reflow Screening (RS) operation in a semiconductor assembly plant. Performance measure of an operation is an important aspect in management decision making. In order to validate the proposed method, comparison results were made using the analytical method based on mean value analysis (MVA) technique for the re-entrant line and with some historical data collected from the operation. In this paper, Back Propagation Network (BPN) learning algorithm is proposed for the computation of the total cycle time with respect to the number of lots circulating in the system. Extensive training and testing of the proposed ANN method is performed which enables the BPN model to be used to determine the required total cycle time.
Scalable local feature matching without visual codebook training

In partial-duplicate image retrieval using scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) features, the key problem is local feature matching between images, which can be formulated as a ε-neighborhood problem. Traditional approaches usually adopt the Bag-of-Visual-Words model and achieve local feature matching by training a large visual codebook with clustering techniques. This paradigm has demonstrated impressive performance, but suffers tedious training efforts and somewhat overfitting to the limited training data. To avoid those issues, we approach the scalable feature matching problem with a novel perspective and address it without training visual codebook. We will discuss two solutions on this new paradigm, i.e., binary SIFT based quantization and dual cascaded scalar quantization.