Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CBIR : Repossession of Analogous Pictures exhausting Median Vector Algorithm

1 Assistant Professor, Banking Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India 2 Research Scholar, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, India ______________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: In content based image retrieval (CBIR) system, target images are sorted by feature similarities in terms of related query. Image classification is the important field in applications like security, biometrics, and in medical applications. An efficient image retrieval system is Hue, Saturation and Value (HSV) color space. This Classify the image into n number of areas based on different selected ranges of hue and value, then each area is partitioned into m number of segments based on the number of pixels it contains, the area which has more pixels will be partitioned into more segments and which has less pixels will be partitioned into less number of segments. This is used as a feature vector. Here color feature is one of the important features for image retrieval and content based image retrieval of clustering is the best method to sort the similar images. The proposed algorithms, inverse, inverse of engrave, double emboss, 3D shape detection, edge detection, gray scale, gray scale extended, color reduction and high color mode are used in the image enhancement process and color median vector algorithm is used to retrieve the similar images.
The Population of Weak Mg II Absorbers. I. A Survey of 26 QSO HIRES/Keck Spectra

We present a search for "weak" Mg II absorbers [those with Wr(2796) < 0.3 Å] in the HIRES/Keck spectra of 26 QSOs. We found 30, of which 23 are newly discovered. The spectra are 80% complete to Wr(2796) = 0.02 Å and have a cumulative redshift path of ~17.2 for the redshift range 0.4 ≤ z ≤ 1.4. The number of absorbers per unit redshift, dN/dz, is seen to increase as the equivalent width threshold is decreased; we obtained dN/dz = 1.74±0.10 for our 0.02 Wr(2796) < 0.3 Å sample. The equivalent width distribution follows a power law, N(W) ∝ W-δ, with δ ~ 1.0; there is no turnover down to Wr(2796) = 0.02 Å at ⟨z⟩=0.9. Weak absorbers comprise at least 65% of the total Mg II absorption population, which outnumbers Lyman limit systems (LLSs) by a factor of 3.8±1.1; the majority of weak Mg II absorbers must arise in sub-LLS environments. Tentatively, we predict that ~5% of the Lyα forest clouds with Wr(Lyα) ≥ 0.1 Å will have detectable Mg II absorption to W(2796)=0.02 Å and that this is primarily a high-metallicity selection effect ([Z/Z☉] ≥ -1). This implies that Mg II absorbing structures figure prominently as tracers of sub-LLS environments where gas has been processed by stars. We compare the number density of Wr(2796) ≥ 0.02 Å absorbers with that of both high and low surface brightness galaxies and find a fiducial absorber size of 35 h-1-63 h-1 kpc, depending upon the assumed galaxy population and their absorption properties. The individual absorbing "clouds" have Wr(2796) ≤ 0.15 Å, and their narrow (often unresolved) line widths imply temperatures of ~25,000 K. We measured Wr(1548) from C IV in Faint Object Spectrograph/Hubble Space Telescope archival spectra and, based upon comparisons with Fe II, found a range of ionization conditions (low, high, and multiphase) in absorbers selected by weak Mg II.
Enhancing Trusted Platform Modules with Hardware-Based Virtualization Techniques

We present the design of a trusted platform module (TPM) that supports hardware-based virtualization techniques. Our approach enables multiple virtual machines to use the complete power of a hardware TPM by providing for every virtual machine (VM) the illusion that it has its own hardware TPM. For this purpose, we introduce an additional privilege level that is only used by a virtual machine monitor to issue management commands, such as scheduling commands, to the TPM. Based on a TPM Control Structure, we can ensure that state information of a virtual machine's TPM cannot corrupt the TPM state of another VM. Our approach uses recent developments in the virtualization technology of processor architectures.
Mechanics of neutrophil phagocytosis: behavior of the cortical tension

The mechanical implementation of phagocytosis requires a well-coordinated deployment of cytoplasm and membrane during the creation of a phagosome. We follow the time course of this process in initially round passive neutrophils presented with antibody-coated beads of radii 1.1 to 5.5 μm. In particular, we monitor the cortical tension as the apparent cellular surface area increases due to cell-driven deformations induced by phagocytosis. The behavior of the tension is then compared with conditions of similar area expansion caused by externally imposed deformations during cell aspiration into a micropipette. Whereas the resting tension remains low for an area expansion of up to only 30% during aspiration, it remains low even after an area expansion of up to 80% in phagocytosis. This is probably the result of membrane insertion from inner stores by exocytosis. We further find that the onset of viscous tension, proportional to the rate of area expansion and caused by the unfurling of plasma membrane wrinkles, is significantly delayed in phagocytosis compared with aspiration. We propose that this is the result of phagocytosis-triggered enzymatic activity that releases spare plasma membrane normally sequestered by velcro-like bonds in a reservoir of surface folds and villi.
PV-PPV: Parameter Variability Aware, Automatically Extracted, Nonlinear Time-Shifted Oscillator Macromodels

The PPV is a robust phase domain macromodel for oscillators. It has been proven to predict oscillators' responses correctly under small signal perturbations, and capture nonlinear phase effects such as injection locking/pulling. In this work, we present a novel approach to extend the PPV macromodel to handle variability in circuit parameters. We derive a modified PPV-based phase equation in which parameter variations are modelled as special inputs. An important feature of our technique is that it avoids PPV re-extraction, this resulting in great convenience and efficiency in its use for, e.g., Monte Carlo type simulations. Using LC and ring oscillators as examples, we demonstrate the capability of the proposed technique for capturing parameter variation effects in injection locking analysis. Simulation results show that our new approach accurately predicts the maximum locking range of oscillators with speedups of two orders of magnitude over direct simulation.
On Hamilton cycles in cubic (m, n)-metacirculant graphs

Connected cubic (m,n)-metacircu1ant graphs, other than the Petersen , have been to be hamiltonian for m m divisible by 4 and m = 2. In this paper we two sufficient conditions tor connected cubic -metac1rcu1ant with m even, than 2 and not divisible by 4 to be hamiltonian. As corQ1laries, we show that every connected cubic -metacircu1ant other than the Petersen ,has a Hamilton if anyone of the conditions is met: (1) Either m and n are such that n is even and every odd divisor of n is also a divisor of m; or (ii) n = , where p is an odd ~---. -t a > 0 and b ~ 0" 1 . INTRODUCTION The class of (m,n)-metacircu1ant was introduced in [1] as an class of vertex-transitive graphs which included many non-Cayley graphs and which might contain further examples of non-hamiltonian graphs . * This work is supported in part by the National Basic Research Program in Natural Sciences of Vietnam Australasian Journal of Combmatorics ~(1993), pp.211-232 It haa been asked [2J whether or not every connected (m,n)metacirculant graph, other than the Petersen graph, has a Hamilton cycle. There are several papers that consider the above question. In [2, 3J it has been proved that if n is a prime, then every connected (mtn)-metacirculant graph. other than the Petersen graph, has a Hamilton cycle. Connected cubic (m,n)-metacirculant graphs, other than the Petersen graph, also have been proved to be hamiltonian for m odd [8], m divisible 4 [11] (aee also [9] for m:: 4) and m:: 2 [4, 8]. This paper is a to [8, 11]. We consider here the above question for connected cubic (m,n)-metacirculant graphs with m event greater than 2 and not divisible by 4. We will use similar to ones used in [11J. In Section 3 we will give two sufficient conditions for connected cubic (m,n)-metacirculant graphs with m even, greater than 2 and not divisible by 4 to be hamiltonian. These conditions will be applied in Section 4 to prove the following Theorem 1. THEOREM 1. Let G be a connected cubic (m,n)-metacirculant graph, other tha.n the Petersen graph. Then G ha.s a Hamil ton cycle if anyone of the following condi tiona is met: (i) Either m and n are positive integers such that n is even and every odd prime divisor of n is also a divisor
Precomputing Geometry-Based Reverberation Effects for Games

Current video games either pre-render reverberation effects into the sound effects or implement them at run-time using artificial reverberation filters. While interactive geometrical approaches can be used for more accurate acoustical modeling, the increased authoring complexity and the additional cost of geometrical calculations still appears to overshadow their potential benefits. This paper presents solutions to integrate off-line geometrical acoustic modeling in game environments. By pre-computing image-source gradients for early reflections and directional decay profiles, we can generate location dependent reverberation effects without storing or accessing the actual geometry at run-time. We render such reverberation effects using a frequency-domain scalable processing approach. In this context, we introduce an efficient prioritization scheme and evaluate alternative transforms for late reverberation processing. Our pipeline enables fine-grain rendering of distance and surface proximity effects and modeling of both outdoor and coupled indoor spaces with arbitrary reverberation decay profiles.
Outdoor Air Pollution and Stroke in Sheffield, United Kingdom: A Small-Area Level Geographical Study

Background and Purpose— Current evidence suggests that stroke mortality and hospital admissions should be higher in areas with elevated levels of outdoor air pollution because of the combined acute and chronic exposure effects of air pollution. We examined this hypothesis using a small-area level ecological correlation study. Methods— We used 1030 census enumeration districts as the unit of analysis and examined stroke deaths and hospital admissions from 1994 to 1998, with census denominator counts for people ≥45 years. Modeled air pollution data for particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) were interpolated to census enumeration districts. We adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, and smoking prevalence. Results— The analysis was based on 2979 deaths, 5122 admissions, and a population of 199 682. After adjustment for potential confounders, stroke mortality was 37% (95% CI, 19 to 57), 33% (95% CI, 14 to 56), and 26% (95% CI, 10 to 46) higher in the highest, relative to the lowest, NOx, PM10, and CO quintile categories, respectively. Corresponding increases in risk for admissions were 13% (95% CI, 1 to 27), 13% (95% CI, −1 to 29), and 11% (95% CI, −1 to 25). Conclusion— The results are consistent with an excess risk of stroke mortality and, to a lesser extent, hospital admissions in areas with high outdoor air pollution levels. If causality were assumed, 11% of stroke deaths would have been attributable to outdoor air pollution. Targeting policy interventions at high pollution areas may be a feasible option for stroke prevention.
Backwards Causation and the Direction of Causal Processes

Although Hans Reichenbach would not have accepted the thesis presented here, this paper is in several ways inspired by his philosophy, and in particular by his book The Direction of Time (Reichenbach 1956). Firstly, this paper addresses an important metaphysical question the significance of which Reichenbach was the first to appreciate, namely, what exactly is it that constitutes the direction of causation. I will focus here on causal processes, and approach the question from that angle: what is it that constitutes the direction of a causal process? Secondly, the approach will be to follow a tradition, exemplified by Reichenbach, of tackling a metaphysical question via a careful study of contemporary science and its implications for metaphysics. I begin here with brief presentation of a recent solution to one of the deep problems in quantum mechanics involving Bell phenomena: the backwards in time causality model. I wish to examine the implications of this physical model for the philosophical question about the direction of causal processes, and in particular to use it as a premise in the assessment of various philosophical theories of the direction of causation. Thirdly, I will be proposing and defending a version of Reichenbach's own theory about the direction of causation, the fork asymmetry account. I will defend this general account against some recent criticisms, and I will use the premise of backwards causation as a tool to defend my particular version of the fork account. This argument will not convince philosophers who reject the idea of backwards causation, of course; the paper is aimed primarily at those who accept it. However, it turns out that the conjunction of the backwards model of Bell phenomena and the favoured fork theory suggests a general formula for an empirical test, which, if positive, would provide reason to reconsider the rejection of backwards causation.
Abstract Testing: Connecting Source Code Verification with Requirements

Traditionally, test cases are used to check whether a system conforms to its requirements. However, to achieve good quality and coverage, large amounts of test cases are needed, and thus huge efforts have to be put into test generation and maintenance. We propose a methodology, called Abstract Testing, in which test cases are replaced by verification scenarios. Such verification scenarios are more abstract than test cases, thus fewer of them are needed and they are easier to create and maintain. Checking verification scenarios against the source code is done automatically using a software model checker. In this paper we describe the general idea of Abstract Testing, and demonstrate its feasibility by a case study from the automotive systems domain.
Infrared contamination in Galactic X-ray novae

The most widely used means of measuring the mass of black holes in Galactic binaries ‐ specifically the X-ray novae ‐ involves both radial velocity measurements of the secondary star, and photometric measurements of its ellipsoidal variability. The latter is important in constraining the inclination and mass ratio, and requires as direct a measure of the flux of the secondary as possible. Up to now, such measurements have been preferentially carried out in the near-infrared (NIR: 1‐2.5 μm), where the flux from the cooler secondary is expected to dominate over that from the accretion disc. However, here we present evidence of a significant non-stellar contribution to the NIR flux in many of those quiescent X-ray novae that are thought to contain a black hole primary. We discuss origins of this excess and the effect of such contamination on Galactic black hole mass measurements.
Forming classifier ensembles with deterministic feature subspaces

Ensemble learning is being considered as one of the most well-established and efficient techniques in the contemporary machine learning. The key to the satisfactory performance of such combined models lies in the supplied base learners and selected combination strategy. In this paper we will focus on the former issue. Having classifiers that are of high individual quality and complementary to each other is a desirable property. Among several ways to ensure diversity feature space division deserves attention. The most popular method employed here is Random Subspace approach. However, due to its random nature one cannot consider this approach as stable one or suitable for real-life applications. Therefore, we propose a new approach called Deterministic Subspace that constructs feature subspaces in a guided and repetitive manner. We present a general framework and three dedicated measures that can be used for selecting diverse and uncorrelated features for each base learner. This way we will always obtain identical sets of features, leading to creation of stable ensembles. Experimental study backed-up with statistical analysis prove the usefulness of our method in comparison to popular randomized solution.
Experimental study on performance of IEEE 802.11n and impact of interferers on the 2.4 GHz ISM band

We have studied the performance of IEEE 802.11n in extensive measurement campaigns carried out in both interference-controlled and typical office environments. The results show that in a typical office environment significant performance improvement compared to earlier IEEE 802.11 technologies can be expected, but theoretically achievable bitrates were not reached. We also studied the sensitivity of IEEE 802.11n performance to interference from other technologies used in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, and found that 802.11n in general tolerates interference well. However, the results also show that a powerful enough narrowband interferer can have a significant negative impact and legacy 802.11 technologies operating in same region will cause performance degradation. The results on interference susceptibility and key role of channel bonding in the increase of throughput indicate that in new IEEE 802.11n deployments the 5 GHz ISM band should be preferred to the 2.4 GHz ISM band.
AUTOMATIC ESTIMATION OF ALTITUDE OF THE REFERENCES POINTS FOR AERIAL AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION USING AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS AND CHARACTERISTIC POINTS

The use of computer vision techniques to solve problems related to estimation of position has increased in recent decades due to rapid technological and computing develop- ment. This paper presents an approach to obtain position information of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based on aerial images. The problem addressed is to allow a UAV to be locat- ed above ground. The considered vehicle has an inertial navigation system (INS) and receives no assistance of a satellite navigation system. Due to the inherent errors of the INS that cause disorientation of the UAV, an image-tracking system is proposed. The proposed methodology has been to build, in real-time and embedded, a Digital Elevation Model of reference points (DEM-R) to allow a vehicle to locate in the ground based on the comparison between this and pre-existing model. In order to achieve this objective it is necessary to identify similar points in sequential images and calculate the altitude of these points. This enables build the DEM-R. We used the SIFT techniques and Zernike moments to identify similar points. We used aerial imagery of the city of Sao Jose dos Campos - Sao Paulo - Brazil, with longitudinal coverage of 60%. The obtained results show that the methodology is viable to the proposed problem, autonomous navigation of UAVs.
Gene expression alterations in bipolar disorder postmortem brains

Objectives: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental illness of unknown neuropathology and has several genetic associations. Antipsychotics are effective for the treatment of acute mania, psychosis, or mixed states in individuals with BD. We aimed to identify gene transcripts differentially expressed in postmortem brains from antipsychotics‐exposed individuals with BD (hereafter the ‘exposed’ group), non‐exposed individuals with BD (hereafter the ‘non‐exposed’ group), and controls.
Towards incrementalization of holistic hyperproperties: extended version

A hyperproperty is a set of sets of finite or infinite traces over some fixed alphabet and can be seen as a very generic system specification. In this work, we define the notions of holistic and incremental hyperproperties. Systems specified holistically tend to be more intuitive but difficult to reason about, whereas incremental specifications have a straightforward verification approach. Since most interesting security-related hyperproperties are in the syntactic class of holistic hyperproperties, we introduce the process of incrementalization to convert holistic specifications into incremental ones. We then present three incrementalizable classes of holistic hyperproperties and a respective verification method.
Textured laser range scanning and registration of the cortical surface

A novel method for intra-operative data acquisition using a laser range scanner is presented for applications in model-updated image-guided surgery. The scanner produces a point cloud containing true-color encoded range data of its field-of-view. This allows characterization of intra-operative conditions using both intensity and geometry information. Furthermore, a rigid-body registration algorithm is developed to incorporate the scanner's unique data into image-guided surgery applications. The algorithm builds on iterative closest point transforms and mutual information. Phantom registration experiments have shown submillimetric accuracies using the scanner and the algorithm. In this paper we present a set of qualitative results from a neurosurgical case.
Identification of a microRNA signature associated with risk of distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Purpose Despite significant improvement in locoregional control in the contemporary era of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment, patients still suffer from a significant risk of distant metastasis (DM). Identifying those patients at risk of DM would aid in personalized treatment in the future. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play many important roles in human cancers; hence, we proceeded to address the primary hypothesis that there is a miRNA expression signature capable of predicting DM for NPC patients. Methods and results The expression of 734 miRNAs was measured in 125 (Training) and 121 (Validation) clinically annotated NPC diagnostic biopsy samples. A 4-miRNA expression signature associated with risk of developing DM was identified by fitting a penalized Cox Proportion Hazard regression model to the Training data set (HR 8.25; p < 0.001), and subsequently validated in an independent Validation set (HR 3.2; p = 0.01). Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the targets of miRNAs associated with DM appear to be converging on cell-cycle pathways. Conclusions This 4-miRNA signature adds to the prognostic value of the current “gold standard” of TNM staging. In-depth interrogation of these 4-miRNAs will provide important biological insights that could facilitate the discovery and development of novel molecularly targeted therapies to improve outcome for future NPC patients.