Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vascular Inflammatory Response Deneddylase-1 / SENP 8 in Fine-Tuning the Central Role for Endothelial Human

Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2012 by The American Association of 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814-3994. The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., is published twice each month by The Journal of Immunology at V irinia C om m nw ealth U nivT om pins-M cC aw L ib on M arch 6, 2015 hp://w w w jim m unl.org/ D ow nladed from
Network Flow Watermarking Attack on Low-Latency Anonymous Communication Systems

Many proposed low-latency anonymous communication systems have used various flow transformations such as traffic padding, adding cover traffic (or bogus packets), packet dropping, flow mixing, flow splitting, and flow merging to achieve anonymity. It has long been believed that these flow transformations would effectively disguise net-workflows, thus achieve good anonymity. In this paper, we investigate the fundamental limitations of flow transformations in achieving anonymity, and we show that flow transformations do not necessarily provide the level of anonymity people have expected or believed. By injecting unique watermark into the inter-packet timing domain of a packet flow, we are able to make any sufficiently long flow uniquely identifiable even if I) it is disguised by substantial amount of cover traffic, 2) it is mixed or merged with a number of other flows, 3) it is split into a number subflows, 4) there is a substantial portion of packets dropped, and 5) it is perturbed in timing due to either natural network delay jitter or deliberate timing perturbation. In addition to demonstrating the theoretical limitations of low-latency anonymous communications systems, we develop the first practical attack on the leading commercial low-latency anonymous communication system. Our real-time experiments show that our flow watermarking attack only needs about 10 minutes active Web browsing traffic to "penetrate" the total net shield service provided by www.anonymizer. com. Our analytical and empirical results demonstrate that achieving anonymity in low-latency communication systems is much harder than we have realized, and current flow transformation based low-latency anonymous communication systems need to be revisited.
Mappings of the Paired-pulse Facilitation in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of the Rat Following Stimulation in the Medial Thalamus

Table 3. The distribution of multiple unit activities in different cortex layers. The maximum of multiple unit activities expanded from layer 5 (1st component) to layer 2-5 (2nd component) in M2, Cg1 and PrL. Table 2. The distribution of field potentials in different cortex layers. The maximum of negative field potentials expanded from layer 2-3 (1st component) to layer 2-5 (2nd component) in M2 (secondary motor cortex), Cg1 and PrL (prelimbic cortex).
Muscle Oxygenation and Blood Volume Reliability during Continuous and Intermittent Running

Abstract The reliability of near infrared spectroscopy derived tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and total haemoglobin concentration (tHb) were examined during continuous (CR) and interval (INT) running. In a repeated measures design, 10 subjects twice performed 30 min of CR at 70% of their peak treadmill velocity, followed by 10 bouts of INT at 100%. Between trial reliability of mean and amplitude changes in TOI and tHb during CR were determined. Muscle de-oxygenation and re-oxygenation rates during INT were calculated using 3 analytical methods; i) linear modelling, ii) minimum and maximum values during work/rest intervals, and iii) mean values during work/rest intervals. Reliability was assessed using coefficient of variation (CV; %). During CR, mean TOI was more reliable (3.5%) compared with TOI amplitude change (34.7%), while mean tHb (12%) was similar to both absolute (9.2%) and relative (10.2%) amplitude changes. During INT, de-oxygenation rates analysed via linear modelling produced the lowest CV (7.2%), while analysis using min-max values produced the lowest CV (9.3%) for re-oxygenation rates. In conclusion, while the variables demonstrated CVs lower than reported changes in training-induced adaptations and/or differences between athletes and controls (23– 450%), practitioners are encouraged to consider the advantages/disadvantages of each method when performing their analysis.
English as a Lingua Franca in ASEAN: A Multilingual Model

The lingua franca role of English, coupled with its status as the official language of ASEAN, has important implications for language policy and language education. These include the relationship between English, the respective national languages of ASEAN and thousands of local languages. How can the demand for English be balanced against the need for people to acquire their national language and mother tongue? While many will also need a regional lingua franca, they are learning English as the first foreign language from primary school in all ASEAN countries. Might not this early introduction of English threaten local languages and children's ability to learn? Or can English be introduced and taught in such a way that it can complement local languages rather than replace them? The aim of this book is to explore questions such as these and then make recommendations on language policy and language education for regional policymakers. The book will be important for regional policymakers and language education professionals. It should also benefit language teachers, especially, but by no means exclusively, English language teachers. The book will be of interest to all who are interested in the development of English as an international language and the possible implications of this upon local languages and cultures. Much research has been carried out on varieties of English used in Southeast Asia, but how intelligible these varieties are to others and whether a shift towards an international 'standard' variety occurs in interactions between people from the region, has been much less discussed. This volume, which provides a comprehensive account of the roles and functions of English in ASEAN, and gives a linguistic description of the English spoken in the region, followed by an approach to teaching English called the 'multilingual model', is therefore a welcome contribution to studies on English in Asia.
Transcriptional and posttranscriptional modulation of myeloid colony-stimulating factor expression by tumor necrosis factor and other agents

Granulocyte (G) and granulocyte-macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating factors (CSF) are necessary for proliferation and differentiation of myeloid hematopoietic cells. Fibroblasts stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and several other agents are a rich source of these CSF. The GM-CSF synthesized by these cells had the same molecular weight and glycosylation pattern as that produced by activated T lymphocytes, as shown by [35S]methionine labeling studies. Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that the fibroblasts had trace levels of G- and GM-CSF mRNA. Both G- and GM-CSF mRNA concentrations coordinately increased after exposure of the cells to TNF alpha (greater than or equal to 5 ng/ml), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) (greater than or equal to 5 x 10(-10) M), or cycloheximide (20 micrograms/ml). Both TNF alpha and TPA increased levels of G- and GM-CSF mRNA in the absence of new protein synthesis. Transcriptional run-on studies demonstrated that fibroblasts constitutively transcribed GM-CSF, and transcription was enhanced 3.0-fold by TNF alpha and 2.5-fold by TPA and was unchanged by cycloheximide. The stability of G- and GM-CSF transcripts was determined after exposure of the cells to actinomycin D; the half-lives of G- and GM-CSF mRNA in unstimulated cells were less than 0.25 h and were increased 2- to 16-fold in cells cultured with TNF, TPA, or cycloheximide. In summary, both transcriptional and posttranscriptional signals acted coordinately to modulate the levels of G- and GM-CSF mRNAs in fibroblasts.
Fine-Grained Classification of Named Entities Exploiting Latent Semantic Kernels

We present a kernel-based approach for fine-grained classification of named entities. The only training data for our algorithm is a few manually annotated entities for each class. We defined kernel functions that implicitly map entities, represented by aggregating all contexts in which they occur, into a latent semantic space derived from Wikipedia. Our method achieves a significant improvement over the state of the art for the task of populating an ontology of people, although requiring considerably less training instances than previous approaches.
Identification of Mur34 as the Novel Negative Regulator Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Muraymycin in Streptomyces sp. NRRL30471

Background Muraymycin, a potent translocase I (MraY) inhibitor, is produced by Streptomyces sp. NRRL30471. The muraymycin gene cluster (mur) was recently cloned, and bioinformatic analysis of mur34 revealed its encoding product exhibits high homology to a large family of proteins, including KanI and RacI in individual biosynthetic pathway of kanamycin and ribostamycin. However, the precise role of these proteins remains unknown. Principal Findings Here we report the identification of Mur34 as the novel negative regulator involved in muraymycin biosynthesis. Independent disruption of mur34 on chromosome and cosmid directly resulted in significant improvement of muraymycin production by at least 10 folds, thereof confirming the negative function of Mur34 during muraymycin biosynthesis and realizing the engineered production of muraymycin in heterologous host. Gene expression analysis indicated that the transcription level of the mur genes in mur34 mutant (DM-5) was dramatically enhanced by ca. 30 folds. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed that Mur34 specifically bound to the promoter region of mur33. Further experiments showed that a 28-bp region downstream of the transcription start point (TSP) was protected by His6Mur34, and the −10 region is essential for the activity of mur33 promoter. Conclusions Mur34 plays an unambiguously negative role in muraymycin biosynthesis via binding to the upstream of mur33. More importantly, Mur34 represents a novel family of regulators acting in negative manner to regulate the secondary metabolites biosynthesis in bacteria.
Insular Strokes Cause No Vestibular Deficits

Background and Purpose— In previous imaging studies, the posterior insular cortex (IC) was identified as an essential part for vestibular otolith perception and considered as a core region of a human vestibular cortical network. However, it is still unknown whether lesions exclusively restricted to the posterior IC suffice to provoke signs of vestibular otolith dysfunction. Thus, present data aimed to test whether patients with lesions restricted to the IC showed vestibular otolith dysfunction. Methods— We studied 10 acute unilateral stroke patients with lesions restricted to the IC which were tested for signs of vestibular otolith dysfunction, such as tilts of subjective visual vertical, out of 475 stroke patients. Results— None of the patients was with stroke exclusively affecting the IC-specified vertigo as a symptom. In addition, neither showed a deficit in the perception of verticality (subjective visual vertical tilts) nor showed any further vestibular otolith deficits, such as ocular torsion or skew deviation. Conclusions— It seems that lesions of the posterior IC might have to be combined with lesions of adjacent regions of the cortical and subcortical vestibular network to cause vestibular otolith deficits.
GPU Accelerated SVM with Sparse Sliced EllR-T Matrix Format

This paper presents the SECu-SVM algorithm for solving classification problems. It allows for a significant acceleration of the standard SVM implementations by transferring the most time-consuming computations from the standard CPU to the Graphics Processor Units (GPU). In addition, highly efficient Sliced EllR-T sparse matrix format was used for storing the dataset in GPU memory, which requires a very low memory footprint and is also well adapted to parallel processing. Performed experiments demonstrate an acceleration of 4–100 times over LibSVM. Moreover, in the majority of cases the SECu-SVM is less time-consuming than the best sparse GPU implementations and allows for handling significantly larger classification datasets.
Molecular Basis of Anti-horseradish Peroxidase Staining in Caenorhabditis elegans*

Cross-reactivity with anti-horseradish peroxidase antiserum is a feature of many glycoproteins from plants and invertebrates; indeed staining with this reagent has been used to track neurons in Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. Although in insects the evidence indicates that the cross-reaction results from the presence of core α1,3-fucosylated N-glycans, the molecular basis for anti-horseradish peroxidase staining in nematodes has been unresolved to date. By using Western blots of wild-type and mutant C. elegans extracts in conjunction with specific inhibitors, we show that the cross-reaction is due to core α1,3-fucosylation. Of the various mutants examined, one with a deletion of the fut-1 (K08F8.3) gene showed no reaction to anti-horseradish peroxidase; the molecular phenotype was rescued by injection of either the K08F8 cosmid or the fut-1 open reading frame under control of the let-858 promoter. Furthermore, expression of fut-1 cDNA in Pichia and insect cells in conjunction with antibody staining, high pressure liquid chromatography, and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analyses showed that FUT-1 is a core α1,3-fucosyltransferase with an unusual substrate specificity. It is the only core fucosyltransferase in plants and animals described to date that does not require the prior action of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I.
Distribution of p53 and K-ras mutations in human lung cancer tissues.

Studies were performed to examine the mutational pattern of K-ras exons 1 and 2 and p53 exons 5-8 in lung cancer tissues from 27 Chinese patients (10 smokers, 17 non-smokers) using single-stranded conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing. K-ras mutations were found in 13/27 tumors (48%); all mutations were clustered in exon 1 and distributed between codons 9 and 32. The frequency and number of patients with K-ras mutations between smokers and non-smokers were not different, except that a high frequency of G --> A transitions (11/11) was found in non-smokers. Among cell types, K-ras mutations were found in 7/13 (54%) squamous cell carcinoma (SC) and 5/12 (42%) adenocarcinoma (AC) patients. A --> T transversions (all six transversions) were present only in SC. In p53, 18/27 (67%) tumors contained mutations in exons 7 and 8, frequently at codons 226, 270, 275 and 281. The number of tumors with p53 mutations in smokers (70%) and in non-smokers (65%) was similar, and the mutation frequency did not differ except for a higher number of G --> A (6/7) and T --> C (5/6) transitions in non-smokers. Among cell types, the number of tumors with p53 mutations was 9/13 (69%) in SC and 8/12 (67%) in AC. The A --> G (11/16) transitions and A --> C (4/4) transversions in p53 were more frequent in SC than in AC (P < 0.04 for A --> G; P < 0.02 for A --> C). The varying mutation patterns in both the K-ras and p53 genes between smokers and non-smokers and among cell types suggest that other than cigarette smoke, environmental and dietary factors may also be involved in the genesis of lung cancer among these patients.
Covert Verb Reading Contributes to Signal Classification of Motor Imagery in BCI

Motor imagery is widely used in the brain–computer interface (BCI) systems that can help people actively control devices to directly communicate with the external world, but its training and performance effect is usually poor for normal people. To improve operators’ BCI performances, here we proposed a novel paradigm, which combined the covert verb reading in the traditional motor imagery paradigm. In our proposed paradigm, participants were asked to covertly read the presented verbs during imagining right hand or foot movements referred by those verbs. EEG signals were recorded with both our proposed paradigm and the traditional paradigm. By the common spatial pattern method, we, respectively, decomposed these signals into spatial patterns and extracted their features used in the following classification of support vector machine. Compared with the traditional paradigm, our proposed paradigm could generate clearer spatial patterns following a somatotopic distribution, which led to more distinguishable features and higher classification accuracies than those in the traditional paradigm. These results suggested that semantic processing of verbs can influence the brain activity of motor imagery and enhance the mu event-related desynchronisation. The combination of semantic processing with motor imagery is therefore a promising method for the improvement of operators’ BCI performances.
Doxorubicin-Wrapped Zinc Oxide Nanoclusters for the Therapy of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Doxorubicin (DOX)-wrapped zinc oxide nanoclusters (ZnO NCs) were developed for the therapy of colorectal cancer. DOX was coated onto the agglomerates of ZnO nanoparticles using a facile coating process. DOX-ZnO NCs with a hydrodynamic size of 170 nm, narrow size distribution, and positive zeta potential were fabricated. The aggregated shape of developed DOX-ZnO NCs was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. The result of Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis suggested the interaction between DOX and ZnO in DOX-ZnO NCs. The existence of DOX in the outer surface of DOX-ZnO NCs was further identified by X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. Cellular uptake efficiency and antiproliferation efficacy of developed DOX-ZnO NCs were tested in Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) cells. The cellular accumulated amount of DOX-ZnO NCs was 3.19-fold higher than that of free DOX (p < 0.05). The DOX-ZnO NCs group also exhibited improved antiproliferation potentials, compared with the DOX and ZnO groups, in Caco-2 cells at 0.5 and 1 μg/mL DOX concentrations. All these findings imply that developed DOX-ZnO NCs can be efficient hybrid nanoformulations for the therapy of colorectal cancers.
Super-resolution from image sequence under influence of hot-air optical turbulence

The appearance of a distant object, when viewed through a telephoto-lens, is often deformed nonuniformly by the influence of hot-air optical turbulence. The deformation is unsteady: an image sequence can include nonuniform movement of the object even if a stationary camera is used for a static object. This study proposes a multi-frame super-resolution reconstruction from such an image sequence. The process consists of the following three stages. In the first stage, an image frame without deformation is estimated from the sequence. However, there is little detailed information about the object. In the second stage, each frame in the sequence is aligned non-rigidly to the estimated image using a non-rigid deformation model. A stable non-rigid registration technique with a B-spline function is also proposed in this study for dealing with a textureless region. In the third stage, a multi-frame super-resolution reconstruction using the non-rigid deformation recovers the detailed information in the frame obtained in the first stage. Experiments using synthetic images demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed non-rigid registration technique. Furthermore, experiments using real sequences underscore the effectiveness of the proposed process.
Cloning of a novel xylanase gene from a newly isolated Fusarium sp. Q7-31 and its expression in Escherichia coli

A strain of Q7–31 was isolated from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and was identified as Fusarium sp. based on its morphological characteristics and ITS rDNA gene sequence analysis. It has the highest capacity of degrading cell wall activity compared with other 11 strains. To do research on its xylanase activity of Fusarium sp. Q7–31 while the degrading the rice cell walls, the complete gene xyn8 that encodes endo-1, 4-β-xylanase secreted by Fusarium sp. Q7–31 was cloned and sequenced. The coding region of the gene is separated by two introns of 56bp and 55bp. It encodes 230 amino acid residues of a protein with a calculated molecular weight of 25.7 kDa. The animo acids sequence of xyn8 gene has higher similarity with those of family 11 of glycosyl hydrolases reported from other microorganisms. The nature peptide encodeing cDNA was subcloned into pGEX5x-1 expression vector. The recombinant plasmid was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-CodonPlus (DE3)-RIL, and xylanase activity was measured. The expression fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, a new specific band of about 52kDa was identified when induced by IPTG. Enzyme activity assay verified the recombinants proteins as a xylanase. A maxium activity of 2.34U/ mg, the xylanase had optimal activity at pH 6.0 and temperature 40℃.
Multi-targets miss distance measurement using sequential range-Doppler image

A new approach is described for combining a series of sequential range and Doppler data from single radar platform to perform multi-targets miss distance measurement (MTMDM). In MTMDM, the difference between targets is mainly in range domain, not velocity. This difference leads to resemblance or aliasing in time curves of multi-targets Doppler frequency. Moreover, the miss distance measurement (MDM) using only distance information has some limitations such as larger measurement errors in case of small miss distance. In the new approach, the information of range and Doppler frequency will be first extracted using the centroid estimation method from range-Doppler image. Then the extracted information will be jointly used for multi-targets data association, tracking as well as MDM. The data association and fusion of range and Doppler can distinguish multi-targets, and improve the accuracy of the MDM more effectively. The experimental results will prove the efficiency of the proposed method.
Measuring social identity in interfunctional research in marketing

Management of social identities is important for optimizing intergroup relations in organizations, and for overall organizational performance. Research on marketing’s intergroup relations employs different social identity constructs. This leaves managers and academics confused as to what impact different social identity constructs have on organizational outcomes. We therefore tested the impact of competing social identity constructs (i.e., functional identity [FI], organizational identity [OI]) on important outcomes. We find different combinations of social identity constructs result in different levels of relationship quality and departmental performance, and that FI and OI measures provide more useful information than the accepted relative functional identity or OI measures in isolation. Academic and practical implications are advanced.