Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation-based document clustering using web logs

A problem facing information retrieval on the web is how to effectively cluster large amounts of web documents. One approach is to cluster the documents based on information provided only by users' usage logs and not by the content of the documents. A major advantage of this approach is that the relevancy information is objectively reflected by the usage logs; frequent simultaneous visits to two seemingly unrelated documents should indicate that they are in fact closely related. In this paper, we present a recursive density based clustering algorithm that can adaptively change its parameters intelligently. Our clustering algorithm RDBC (Recursive Density Based Clustering algorithm) is based on DBSCAN, a density based algorithm that has been proven in its ability in processing very large datasets. The fact that DBSCAN does not require the pre-determination of the number of clusters and is linear in time complexity makes it particularly attractive in web page clustering. It can be shown that RDBC require the same time complexity as that of the DBSCAN algorithm. In addition, we prove both analytically and experimentally that our method yields clustering results that are superior to that of DBSCAN.
Inhibitory Mechanism of an Allosteric Antibody Targeting the Glucagon Receptor*

Background: Allosteric regulators of GPCRs provide unique pharmacological properties. Results: The mechanism of allosteric inhibition of the glucagon receptor by an antibody, which is uniquely sensitive to a naturally occurring G40S mutation, is detailed. Conclusion: Allosteric sites on the glucagon receptor extracellular domain regulate receptor activity. Significance: Mechanisms of allosteric regulation of GPCRs aid discovery of drugs with improved selectivity. Elevated glucagon levels and increased hepatic glucagon receptor (GCGR) signaling contribute to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes. We have identified a monoclonal antibody that inhibits GCGR, a class B G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), through a unique allosteric mechanism. Receptor inhibition is mediated by the binding of this antibody to two distinct sites that lie outside of the glucagon binding cleft. One site consists of a patch of residues that are surface-exposed on the face of the extracellular domain (ECD) opposite the ligand-binding cleft, whereas the second binding site consists of residues in the αA helix of the ECD. A docking model suggests that the antibody does not occlude the ligand-binding cleft. We solved the crystal structure of GCGR ECD containing a naturally occurring G40S mutation and found a shift in the register of the αA helix that prevents antibody binding. We also found that alterations in the αA helix impact the normal function of GCGR. We present a model for the allosteric inhibition of GCGR by a monoclonal antibody that may form the basis for the development of allosteric modulators for the treatment of diabetes and other class B GPCR-related diseases.
Artificial evolutionary development

ly, the developmental process can be seen as a genotype-to-phenotype mapping. In this interpretation, it is a module that is compatible with optimization techniques that rely on point wise evaluations of genotypes to asses their quality. In this context, development represents the decoding of the genotype into an artifact in design space, the phenotype. Thus, it is possible to describe development detached from the optimization method. It can be seen as a black-box that has a vector of object variables as input, and returns a spatial distribution of cells ready for evaluation. In a similar way as for the previous section, I have structured the following description of the developmental model into two parts: ‘control mechanisms’, dealing with the simulation of a dynamical system for the control of the cellular growth and ‘phenotypic mechanisms’, which comprehends all model features related to physical environment and cellular representation. 3.3. 1. Control Mechanisms
Activity Recognition for Dogs Using Off-the-Shelf Accelerometer

Dogs are one of the most popular pets in the world, and more than 10 million dogs are bred annually in Japan now (JPFA, 2013). Recently, primitive commercial services have been started that record dogsâ? activities and report them to their owners. Although it is expected that an owner would like to know the dogâ? s activity in greater detail, a method proposed in a previous study has failed to recognize some of the key actions. The demand for their identification is highlighted in responses to our questionnaire. In this paper, we show a method to recognize the actions of the dog by attaching only one off-the-shelf acceleration sensor to the neck of the dog. We apply DTW-D which is the state-of-the-art time series data search technique for activity recognition. Application of DTW-D to activity recognition of an animal is unprecedented according to our knowledge, and thus is the main contribution of this study. As a result, we were able to recognize ten different activities with 65.8% classification F-measure.
The pigeon as particle filter

Although theorists have interpreted classical conditioning as a laboratory model of Bayesian belief updating, a recent reanalysis showed that the key features that theoretical models capture about learning are artifacts of averaging over subjects. Rather than learning smoothly to asymptote (reflecting, according to Bayesian models, the gradual tradeoff from prior to posterior as data accumulate), subjects learn suddenly and their predictions fluctuate perpetually. We suggest that abrupt and unstable learning can be modeled by assuming subjects are conducting inference using sequential Monte Carlo sampling with a small number of samples — one, in our simulations. Ensemble behavior resembles exact Bayesian models since, as in particle filters, it averages over many samples. Further, the model is capable of exhibiting sophisticated behaviors like retrospective revaluation at the ensemble level, even given minimally sophisticated individuals that do not track uncertainty in their beliefs over trials.
Fathers' ratings in the assessment of their child's anxiety symptoms: a comparison to mothers' ratings and their associations with paternal symptomatology.

We examined the comparability between mothers' and fathers' ratings in the assessment of their child's anxiety symptoms. The sample consisted of 78 youth (6 to 17 years) and their mothers and fathers who presented to a childhood anxiety disorders specialty research clinic. Using intraclass correlation coefficients, mother? father agreement of their child's anxiety symptoms was found to be moderate. Mean differences between mothers' and fathers' ratings of their child's anxiety were not significantly different. Both maternal and paternal self-ratings of psychopathology predicted respective ratings of their child's anxiety. Although either mothers or fathers can provide useful information, use of multiple informants is encouraged, especially when parental psychopathology is present. Additional implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
A circuit to model an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite as actuator

The electrical behavior of an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite (IPMC) is investigated. IPMCs are new materials of increasing interest in robotic applications, to implement artificial muscles. They are particularly light and they deform if electrically stimulated with a very low voltage. The paper illustrates a model that describes the electrical response of an IPMC as actuator by using an equivalent circuit. It is a totally new nonlinear lamped parameter model which is able to describe all the phenomena observed in the electrical current through the material, including hysteretic phenomena. The model has been validated by a large number of comparisons between simulations and experimental data. In all the cases analyzed the simulations agree with experimental data.
THE EFFECTS OF BLOOD LOSS AND BLOOD DESTRUCTION UPON THE ERYTHROID CELLS IN THE BONE MARROW OF RABBITS

The relative proportion of the various sorts of erythroid cells of the bone marrow has been determined after acute and chronic hemorrhage and after damage to the marrow with acetyl phenylhydrazine. The normal erythroid pattern shows megaloblasts and erythroblasts in the lowest percentage, then normoblasts, reticulocytes, and mature erythrocytes respectively, in increasing proportions. All three states studied show an increasing "shift to the left" up to a condition after acetyl phenylhydrazine, in which the erythroblasts and megaloblasts exceed the mature erythrocytes. The marrow pattern finds direct expression in terms of the cells of the blood.
A video coder using 3-D model based background for video surveillance applications

We present a model based video coder for remote video surveillance applications at very low bit rates. Unlike the known model based video codecs, we use the model based approach for background modeling and not for "head-and-shoulders" modeling. Since in video surveillance the remote site that is being monitored is usually a previously known physically closed space, we build a 3-D model of the site and use it to synthesize the background of the scene for each of the video cameras used. The codec has two layers, one layer for the background using a 3-D model and a second layer for the part of the scene not represented by the background. The second layer may use conventional hybrid DPCM-DCT coding schemes, like H.263, or object-based coding techniques, like those used in MPEG-4 video VM. The proposed codec can be a good framework for a multiview codec.
Minipix: focal plane temporal frequency image processor

Previous research has highlighted the potential utility in analysing temporal frequency signatures. This paper introduces an improved algorithm capable of accurately encoding the fundamental frequency of such temporal signatures in the form of a robust pulse train, while consuming minimal power and area. The approach makes use of focal-plane computation techniques to produce a compact pixel-processor, consuming 60 /spl mu/m by 60 /spl mu/m when implemented in a 0.6 /spl mu/m process, with a fill factor of 14.1%. The adopted analogue circuit techniques are biased in the subthreshold region of operation, giving a power consumption of less than 100 nW per pixel when operating at 1 kHz from a 5 V power supply.
Visual Attention Composites Across the Early Development of Infants at Heightened Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Aggregating attentional measures across diverse visual stimuli into composite scores quantifies how infants generally attend to their environment. These measures, called visual attention composites, show high clinical utility in the infant literature for identifying risk populations, such as preterm infants and those at risk for intellectual disability, as well as for predicting later childhood intellectual functioning. There is also recent evidence that visual attention composites from various eye-tracking tasks have high clinical utility for identifying children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; Frazier et al., 2016). Thus, the present study is the first to date to explore the application of visual attention composites to infants with and without heightened genetic risk for ASD. Participants consisted of 47 infant siblings of children with ASD (high-risk infants; HR) and 39 infant siblings of typically developing children (low-risk infants; LR). Infants were given follow-up assessments at 24, 36 and/or 48 months and classified as ASD, non-typically developing (if non-ASD developmental delays were present) or typically-developing. Eye-tracking data was collected while infant participants viewed a diverse array of stimuli, including static faces, dot patterns, objects and dynamic videos at 11 and 16 months of age. Results indicated that visual attention composites calculated from these eye-tracking tasks were predictive of later childhood atypical development and ASD diagnosis. Furthermore, 16-month attentional composites related to the ratio of attention to figures versus background were predictive of 36-month intellectual functioning. Collectively, findings support visual attention composites as predictors of later development and highlight the potential benefit of creating a visual attention clinical battery to improve early ASD diagnostics. Further clinical implications and advantages of incorporating attentional measures in infant testing are discussed.
Impact of Java memory model on out-of-order multiprocessors

The semantics of Java multithreading dictates all possible behaviors that a multithreaded Java program can exhibit on any platform. This is called the Java memory model (JMM) and describes the allowed reorderings among the memory operations in a thread. However, multiprocessor platforms traditionally have memory consistency models of their own. In this paper, we study the interaction between the JMM and the multiprocessor memory consistency models. In particular, memory barriers may have to be inserted to ensure that the multiprocessor execution of a multithreaded Java program respects the JMM. We study the impact of these additional memory barriers on program performance. Our experimental results indicate that the performance gain achieved by relaxed hardware memory consistency models far exceeds the performance degradation due to the introduction of JMM.
Applications of Nucleic Acid Chaperone Activity of CspA and Its Homologues

In Escherichia coli, the cold shock response is exerted upon temperature change from 37 to 15°C and is characterized by induction of several cold shock proteins including its major cold shock protein, CspA. E. coli CspA family consists of nine members, CspA to CspI. CspA and some of its homologues play a critical role in cold acclimation of cells as RNA chaperones by destabilizing secondary structures in RNAs. Here, we showed that the nucleic acid melting activity of Csp proteins can be used to facilitate reactions, such as RT-PCR or RNA cleavage reactions by endoribonucleases, which are hindered by presence of secondary structures in the DNA/RNA substrate used. The low substrate specificity of Csps together with their compatibility with various enzymes and their stability and activity over a broad temperature range makes them ideal candidates to be used for a variety of processes.
Suspended polytetrafluoroethylene nanostructure electret film in dual variable cavities for self-powered micro-shock sensing

We report a suspended polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanostructure electret film in dual variable cavities for a self-powered micro-shock sensing application. The prototype contained series variable air cavities, a suspended nanostructure PTFE electret film and independent electrode films. The charges on the suspended nanostructure PTFE electret film provided the electrostatic field around the electret film in the series variable air cavities. When the reported device was driven by a micro-shock pressure, the inducted electrostatic charges on both the top and bottom electrodes would vary as the micro-shock pressing or releasing. Experimental results showed that the maximum of a short-circuit current density (Jsc) and an open-circuit voltage (Voc) reached 3 ± 0.1 nA cm−2 and 3.6 ± 0.1 V, respectively. It was found that the parameter Jsc was more advantageous in identifying stronger shocks (parameter acceleration a bigger than 0.1 m s−2), whereas the parameter Voc was more sensitive for weaker shocks, such as acceleration a smaller than 0.1 m s−2. Moreover, finger continuous micro-shock pressure taps application was used to demonstrate the mechanical energy conversion performance with 4.5 ± 0.2 V open-circuit voltages. The research on the nanostructure electret PTFE film in series dual variable air cavities not only gave us a fresh idea about the principle and design of the shocking sensor, but also provided an easy fabrication and a low cost shocking sensor for the Internet of Things (IoT) systems.
Microstructure and inertial characteristic of a magnetite Ferro fluid over a stretched sheet embedded in a porous medium with viscous dissipation using the spectral quasi-linearisation method

The innovative micropolar nanofluid is introduced in this piece of work to examine the microstructure and inertial characteristics of the substructure particles. To be more precise, the flow and heat transport of micropolar Ferro fluid over a stretched sheet embedded in a porous medium with viscous dissipation is considered. The mathematical model is formulated with the help of Tiwari–Das nanofluid model. There after a convergent spectral quasi-linearisation method is applied to work out the resulting nonlinear system of equations. The impacts of pertinent parameter on velocity, micro-rotation velocity are exposed graphically and analysed thoroughly. Finally, the numerical outcomes are compared with previously published results under special cases and found a decent agreement. Main remarks are: the outcomes demonstrate that micro-rotation velocity decreases initially and after that increases with the increment in micro-rotation parameter, and for higher values of Eckert number there is an increase in temperature.
Children’s Vantage Point of Recalling Traumatic Events

This study investigated the recollections of child survivors of the 2004 Asian tsunami in terms of their vantage point and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) responses. Five years after the tsunami, 110 children (aged 7–13 years) living in Aceh, Indonesia were assessed for source of memories of the tsunami (personal memory or second-hand source), vantage point of the memory, and were administered the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale-13. Fifty-three children (48%) met criteria for PTSD. Two-thirds of children reported direct memories of the tsunami and one-third reported having memories based on reports from other people. More children (97%) who reported an indirect memory of the tsunami recalled the event from an onlooker’s perspective to some extent than those who recalled the event directly (63%). Boys were more likely to rely on stories from others to reconstruct their memory of the tsunami, and to adopt an observer perspective. Boys who adopted an observer’s perspective had less severe PTSD than those who adopted a field perspective. These findings suggest that, at least in the case of boys, an observer perspectives of trauma can be associated with levels of PTSD.
Sra-1 interacts with Kette and Wasp and is required for neuronal and bristle development in Drosophila

Regulation of growth cone and cell motility involves the coordinated control of F-actin dynamics. An important regulator of F-actin formation is the Arp2/3 complex, which in turn is activated by Wasp and Wave. A complex comprising Kette/Nap1, Sra-1/Pir121/CYFIP, Abi and HSPC300 modulates the activity of Wave and Wasp. We present the characterization of Drosophila Sra-1 (specifically Rac1-associated protein 1). sra-1 and kette are spatially and temporally co-expressed, and both encoded proteins interact in vivo. During late embryonic and larval development, the Sra-1 protein is found in the neuropile. Outgrowing photoreceptor neurons express high levels of Sra-1 also in growth cones. Expression of double stranded sra-1 RNA in photoreceptor neurons leads to a stalling of axonal growth. Following knockdown of sra-1 function in motoneurons, we noted abnormal neuromuscular junctions similar to what we determined for hypomorphic kette mutations. Similar mutant phenotypes were induced after expression of membrane-bound Sra-1 that lacks the Kette-binding domain, suggesting that sra-1 function is mediated through kette. Furthermore, we could show that both proteins stabilize each other and directly control the regulation of the F-actin cytoskeleton in a Wasp-dependent manner.
Are Emotionally Attached Companion Animal Caregivers Conscientious and Neurotic? Factors That Affect the Human–Companion Animal Relationship

Few studies have examined how personality traits may be related to the amounts and types of attachments humans have toward companion animals (pets). In this study, 1,098 companion animal guardians (owners) completed a survey that included the Big Five Inventory, the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale, and the Pet Attachment Questionnaire. Each participant chose whether he or she identified as a Cat Person, Dog Person, Both, or Neither. Results indicated that neuroticism, conscientiousness, choosing a dog as a favorite pet, and identifying as a Cat Person, Dog Person, or Both predicted affection for a pet. Conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness decreased avoidant attachment to pets, and neuroticism increased anxious attachment to pets. Both dogs and cats could benefit from pet owners who are conscientious, and there may be some benefits of neuroticism in pet owners. The findings of this study will advance understanding of the human–animal bond. As this understanding increases, measurements of human attachment and personality may be useful for the development of tools that could assist shelter employees and veterinarians in counseling people about pet ownership.
Conductive switching behavior of epoxy resin/micron-aluminum particles composites

Abstract Epoxy resin (ER)/micron-aluminum particles (MP) composites with different filling concentration of spherical particles were fabricated. The nonlinear conductive behavior of ER/MP composites under increasing applied voltage using the improved V-I method was investigated. Under sufficient high intensity applied constant voltage, the obvious conductive switching behavior of samples with volume fraction 12.7%, 16.9% and 18.9% was found. The conductivity of ER/MP composites increase up to 3–4 orders of magnitude when the conductor-insulator transition occurs. The switching threshold voltage decreases with the increase of volume fraction of MP in the composites. The results show that the ER/MP composites with conductive switching properties are of great potential application in electromagnetic protection of electron devices and systems.
Development of the illness perception questionnaire mental health

Background: It has been suggested that illness perceptions in mental health are related to treatment outcomes. Aims: We aimed to develop a short generic questionnaire to assess clients' problem perceptions in mental health, congruent with the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) for somatic health. Methods: We adapted the IPQ-R (Moss-Morris, R., Weinman, J., Petrie, K.J., Horne, R., Cameron, L.D., & Buick, D. (). Psychology and Health, 17, 1–16) to psychological complaints, in particular the IPQ-R's scales that assess clients' perceptions of what their problem actually is and what its causes are. We administered our adapted instrument, the IPQ-MH, to large groups of mental health clients, and subsequently performed psychometric analyses over the scores. Results: The identity scale of the IPQ-MH differentiates different clients; the structure scale of the IPQ-MH replicates that of the original IPQ-R; the cause scale reliably measures clients' attributions of causes to their mental problems. Conclusions: We conclude that our IPQ-MH can reliably assess clients' mental health problem perceptions.