Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization of GTP cyclohydrolase in monoaminergic but not nitric oxide‐producing cells

The first and rate‐limiting enzyme in tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis is GTP cyclohydrolase (GTPCH). BH4 serves as the essential cofactor for aromatic L‐amino acid hydroxylases, such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), as well as for nitric oxide synthase (NOS). We hypothesized that to provide access to the cofactor, a close association exists between BH4‐synthesizing and BH4‐dependent enzymes, and we determined the relationship among GTPCH, neuronal NOS (nNOS), and TH in rat brain and adrenal gland using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Analyses of adjacent sections revealed specific localization of GTPCH in TH‐containing cells of the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, hypothalamus, locus ceruleus, and adrenal medulla, and also in TPH‐containing cells of the dorsal raphe nucleus and pineal gland. Thus, BH4 can be synthesized in all monoaminergic cells and is readily available for the enzymes requiring it. In contrast, analysis of adjacent sections showed that nNOS was not colocalized with GTPCH. Scattered nNOS‐positive cells were found in the cortex, striatum, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb, all areas that receive monoaminergic innervation. The absence of GTPCH in nNOS cells suggests that nitric oxide‐producing cells may either obtain biopterin from monoamine‐containing processes which terminate in close proximity, or take up biopterin released into the blood. Double labelling of the same section for TH and nNOS revealed the TH nerve terminals connecting with the nNOS‐positive cell bodies, suggesting the possibility that the BH4‐containing nerve terminals may directly donate this cofactor to the nNOS‐containing cells. Synapse 28:140–153, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative Proteomics Demonstrates That the RNA Polymerase II Subunits Rpb4 and Rpb7 Dissociate during Transcriptional Elongation*

Eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is a 12-subunit enzyme that is responsible for the transcription of messenger RNA. Two of the subunits of RNA polymerase II, Rpb4 and Rpb7, have been shown to dissociate from the enzyme under a number of specific laboratory conditions. However, a biological context for the dissociation of Rpb4 and Rpb7 has not been identified. We have found that Rpb4/7 dissociate from RNAPII upon interaction with specific transcriptional elongation-associated proteins that are recruited to the hyperphosphorylated form of the C-terminal domain. However, the dissociation of Rpb4/7 is likely short lived because a significant level of free Rpb4/7 was not detected by quantitative proteomic analyses. In addition, we have found that RNAPII that is isolated through Rpb7 is depleted in serine 2 C-terminal domain phosphorylation. In contrast to previous reports, these data indicate that Rpb4/7 are dispensable during specific stages of transcriptional elongation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
A Novel Clustering Algorithm Based on Bayesian Sequential Partition and Its Application in Image Segmentation

In this work, we propose a novel clustering algorithm based on Bayesian Sequential Partition (BSP) and the spectral clustering algorithm. Since the BSP is capable of providing much more accurate density estimates when the sample space is of moderate to high dimension, the proposed clustering algorithm is believed to be superior to available ones when dealing with high dimensional problems. To demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our novel clustering method, we have compared our new algorithm with the original spectral clustering algorithm and the meanshirt method in several image segmentation problems. Based on the results from our experimental studies, it can be shown that our new algorithm is indeed much more powerful.
Short Communication: Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Stiffness As a Mechanism for Increased Aortic Stiffness With Aging

Rationale: Increased aortic stiffness, an important feature of many vascular diseases, eg, aging, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and aortic aneurysms, is assumed because of changes in extracellular matrix (ECM). Objective: We tested the hypothesis that the mechanisms also involve intrinsic stiffening of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods and Results: Stiffness was measured in vitro both by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and in a reconstituted tissue model, using VSMCs from aorta of young versus old male monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) (n=7/group), where aortic stiffness increases by 200% in vivo. The apparent elastic modulus was increased (P<0.05) in old (41.7±0.5 kPa) versus young (12.8±0.3 kPa) VSMCs but not after disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton with cytochalasin D. Stiffness of the VSMCs in the reconstituted tissue model was also higher (P<0.05) in old (23.3±3.0 kPa) than in young (13.7±2.4 kPa). Conclusions: These data support the novel concept, not appreciated previously, that increased vascular stiffness with aging is attributable not only to changes in ECM but also to intrinsic changes in VSMCs.
Thermal-Aware 3D Network-On-Chip (3D NoC) Designs: Routing Algorithms and Thermal Managements

The three-dimensional Network-on-Chip (3D NoC) has been proposed to solve the complex on-chip communication issues in multicore systems by using die stacking technology in recent years. However, the high integration density of the stacking dies at high operating frequency results in large power density. Furthermore, the unequal thermal conductance of different logic layers leads the 3D NoC to face a much severer thermal problem than 2D NoC. Those thermal issues may limit the performance gain of 3D integration and cause lower reliability of the 3D NoC designs. To ensure the thermal safety, the 3D NoC systems generally require a better cooling method, which can be classified into "technological approaches" and "algorithmic/architectural approaches. " The technological approaches work efficiently for removal of internal thermal hotspots through extra devices but results in drastically increasing fabrication cost. On the other hand, the algorithmic/architectural design approaches aim to use the approaches of intelligent packet data delivery and temperature control to maximize performance under thermal constraints. Compared with technological approaches, they can control the system temperature at much lower extra circuit/device cost. In this article, we focus on the algorithmic/architectural design approaches and review the modern packet routing algorithms and thermal managements for thermal-aware 3D NoC systems. Firstly, we introduce the thermal challenges of 3D NoC system and review the encountered design challenges. Then, recent developed techniques to handle the thermal challenges of 3D NoC systems are addressed.
Gender related differences in cerebral autoregulation in older healthy subjects

Cerebral autoregulation is an intrinsic mechanism of the cerebrovasculature that maintains cerebral blood flow relatively constant over a wide range of blood pressures. Recent studies have shown sex differences in cerebral autoregulation in adolescents and young adults. We evaluated cerebral auturegulation in 419 (186 male) subjects over the age of 70 recruited as part of the MOBILIZE Boston study. CO2 reactivity, transfer function gain and autoregulatory index (ARI) during sit to stand tests were assessed. Female subjects had significantly higher CO2 reactivity (p < 0.001) and vasomotor range (p<0.001) as well as ARI indices (p<0.001) and lower transfer function gain in the autoregulatory band (p=0.001), implying better cerebral autoregulation, than male subjects. The mechanisms of sex based differences in cerebral autoregulation remain unclear, but the results of this study highlight the need for future work to better understand these underlying autoregulatory differences.
Association Between Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms and Attentional Network and Working Memory in Primary Schoolchildren

Background: Few consistent data are available in relation to the cognitive and neuropsychological processes involved in sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms. The objective of this study was to determine the association of working memory and attentional networks with SCT symptoms in primary schoolchildren. Methods: The participants were schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years (n = 183) from primary schools in Catalonia (Spain). All the participants completed a working memory task (n-back) and an attentional network task (ANT). Their parents completed an SCT-Child Behavior Checklist self-report and a questionnaire concerning sociodemographic variables. Teachers of the participants provided information on ADHD symptoms and learning determinants. Results: SCT symptoms were correlated with lower scores in both the n-back and ANT. In multivariate regression analysis, SCT symptoms were associated with slower hit reaction times from the ANT. Conclusions: Our results suggest that SCT symptoms are associated with a neuropsychological profile that is different from the classical ADHD profile and characterized by slower reaction times.
Mutational analysis of genes of the mod locus involved in molybdenum transport, homeostasis, and processing in Azotobacter vinelandii

DNA sequencing of the region upstream from the Azotobacter vinelandii operon (modEABC) that contains genes for the molybdenum transport system revealed an open reading frame (modG) encoding a hypothetical 14-kDa protein. It consists of a tandem repeat of an approximately 65-amino-acid sequence that is homologous to Mop, a 7-kDa molybdopterin-binding protein of Clostridium pasteurianum. The tandem repeat is similar to the C-terminal half of the product of modE. The effects of mutations in the mod genes provide evidence for distinct high- and low-affinity Mo transport systems and for the involvement of the products of modE and modG in the processing of molybdate. modA, modB, and modC, which encode the component proteins of the high-affinity Mo transporter, are required for 99Mo accumulation and for the nitrate reductase activity of cells growing in medium with less than 10 microM Mo. The exchange of accumulated 99Mo with nonradioactive Mo depends on the presence of modA, which encodes the periplasmic molybdate-binding protein. 99Mo also exchanges with tungstate but not with vanadate or sulfate. modA, modB, and modC mutants exhibit nitrate reductase activity and 99Mo accumulation only when grown in more than 10 microM Mo, indicating that A. vinelandii also has a low-affinity Mo uptake system. The low-affinity system is not expressed in a modE mutant that synthesizes the high-affinity Mo transporter constitutively or in a spontaneous tungstate-tolerant mutant. Like the wild type, modG mutants only show nitrate reductase activity when grown in > 10 nM Mo. However, a modE modG double mutant exhibits maximal nitrate reductase activity at a 100-fold lower Mo concentration. This indicates that the products of both genes affect the supply of Mo but are not essential for nitrate reductase cofactor synthesis. However, nitrogenase-dependent growth in the presence or absence of Mo is severely impaired in the double mutant, indicating that the products of modE and modG may be involved in the early steps of nitrogenase cofactor biosynthesis in A. vinelandii.
Precursor evaluation for in situ InP nanowire doping

The use of tetraethyltin (TESn) and dimethylzinc (DMZn) as in situ n- and p-dopant precursors during particle-assisted growth of InP nanowires is reported. Gate voltage dependent transport measurements demonstrate that the nanowires can be predictably synthesized as either n- or p-type. These doped nanowires can be characterized based on their electric field response and we find that n-type doping scales over a range from 1017 to 1019 cm−3 with increasing input TESn dopant molar fraction. On the other hand, the p-type doping using DMZn saturates at low levels, probably related to a strong increase in nanowire growth rate with increasing DMZn molar fractions. By optimizing growth conditions with respect to tapering, axial pn-junctions exhibiting rectifying behavior were fabricated. The pn-junctions can be operated as light emitting diodes.
Eatery Directory Using Recommendation System and Data Mining

Many recommender system has been developed in recent years which recommends the users based on reviews such as Zomato, Netflix etc. but there is a dearth of such system developed for local eateries hotspot in a particular area. In this project, a local food eatery recommender system is built based on reviews, likes and data mined from different websites, blogs and social media such as Facebook, Twitter etc. We are using different API’s for extracting data from social media such as Graph API for Facebook, Tweepy for Twitter etc. On the data extracted we are using collaborative filtering technique and ranking algorithm for recommending the eatery hotspot based on reviews and likes. This system developed can prove as a boost to the sales of Eatery hotspot thus could have monetary benefits for both the developers and the eatery hotspot owner. This system currently shows just the directory of the eatery but can further be extended for online booking and home delivery of the food.
THE EFFECT OF TEA INFUSIONS ON THE PROLIFERATION OF SELECTED BACTERIA IMPORTANT FOR THE HUMAN INTESTINAL TRACT

Tea infusions are consumed frequently and in large amounts, so they may play a role in modelling intestinal microflora or in preventing bacterial diseases. The present study examined the effect of different kinds of tea (black, green and pu-erh) on Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritidis. In order to ascertain the connection between antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, the content of polyphenolic compounds and the reducing power of the teas were assessed. The rate of bacterial proliferation was measured by calculating the generation time between the 2nd and 6th hour of incubation. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive to the addition of tea extracts to the media. Among lactobacilli (LAB), Lactobacillus casei proved to be sensitive mainly to the extracts of black and pu-erh tea. The value for reducing power does not fully correspond to the content of polyphenols and antimicrobial properties.
Two mm-Wave Vector Modulator Active Phase Shifters With Novel IQ Generator in 28 nm FDSOI CMOS

This paper presents two 4-bit (16-phase) mm-wave vector modulator phase shifters exploiting a novel in-phase and quadrature signal generator that consists of a single-input double-output cascode amplifier incorporating a lumped-element coupled-line quadrature coupler. The two circuit implementations have been designed and fabricated in a 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS. The first (PS1) achieves a higher gain and the second (PS2) has a more compact area (reduced to about 50%). Each consumes 18 mA from a 1.2 V supply. PS1 exhibits an average gain of 2.3 dB at 87.4 GHz and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from 78.8 to 92.8 GHz; rms gain error of 1.68 dB at 87.4 GHz and <2 dB in the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; rms phase error of 9.4° at 87.4 GHz and <11.9° in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11} <-10.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; average <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{1\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of −7 dBm; and average noise figure (NF) equal to 10.8 dB at 87 GHz. PS2 exhibits an average gain of 0.83 dB at 89.2 GHz and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from 80.2 to 96.8 GHz; rms gain error of 1.46 dB at 89.2 GHz and <2 dB in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; rms phase error of 11.2° at 89.2 GHz and <11.9° in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S_{11} <-11.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$B_{3\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>; average <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{1\text {dB}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of −6 dBm; and average NF of 11.9 dB at 89 GHz.
BirdNet: A 3D Object Detection Framework from LiDAR Information

Understanding driving situations regardless the conditions of the traffic scene is a cornerstone on the path towards autonomous vehicles; however, despite common sensor setups already include complementary devices such as LiDAR or radar, most of the research on perception systems has traditionally focused on computer vision. We present a LiDAR-based 3D object detection pipeline entailing three stages. First, laser information is projected into a novel cell encoding for bird's eye view projection. Later, both object location on the plane and its heading are estimated through a convolutional neural network originally designed for image processing. Finally, 3D oriented detections are computed in a post-processing phase. Experiments on KITTI dataset show that the proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art results among comparable methods. Further tests with different LiDAR sensors in real scenarios assess the multi-device capabilities of the approach.
School-based Yoga Programs in the United States: A Survey.

CONTEXT Substantial interest has begun to emerge around the implementation of yoga interventions in schools. Researchers have found that yoga practices may enhance skills such as self-regulation and prosocial behavior, and lead to improvements in students' performance. These researchers, therefore, have proposed that contemplative practices have the potential to play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of US public education. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to provide a summary and comparison of school-based yoga programs in the United States. DESIGN Online, listserv, and database searches were conducted to identify programs, and information was collected regarding each program's scope of work, curriculum characteristics, teacher-certification and training requirements, implementation models, modes of operation, and geographical regions. SETTING The online, listserv, and database searches took place in Boston, MA, USA, and New Haven, CT, USA. RESULTS Thirty-six programs were identified that offer yoga in more than 940 schools across the United States, and more than 5400 instructors have been trained by these programs to offer yoga in educational settings. Despite some variability in the exact mode of implementation, training requirements, locations served, and grades covered, the majority of the programs share a common goal of teaching 4 basic elements of yoga: (1) physical postures, (2) breathing exercises, (3) relaxation techniques, and (4) mindfulness and meditation practices. The programs also teach a variety of additional educational, social-emotional, and didactic techniques to enhance students' mental and physical health and behavior. CONCLUSIONS The fact that the present study was able to find a relatively large number of formal, school-based yoga programs currently being implemented in the United States suggests that the programs may be acceptable and feasible to implement. The results also suggest that the popularity of school-based yoga programs may continue to grow.
Green Juice in Human Metabolism: A Randomized Trial

ABSTRACT Objective: Fruits and vegetables contain many compounds presenting potential antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a green juice recipe in adult metabolism in order to identify new preventive dietary sources. Method: This was a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Recruitment and data were, respectively, made and collected at the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Individuals who met all the inclusion criteria during the period of recruitment were included. Green juice (experimental group) or placebo (control group) were consumed from Monday to Friday between 8 and 9 am, in the amount of 300 mL for 60 days (except Saturdays and Sundays). To verify the effect of green juice on metabolism, the following were evaluated: (a) glycemia, plasma lipid profile, renal and liver functions, redox profile, and antioxidant enzymes; (b) anthropometry; and (c) well-being and anxiety. Results: This study included 14 participants in the test group (juice group) and 13 controls (placebo group), with mean ages of 31.07 and 30.15 years, respectively. We did not observe a significant difference between the treatments. Dietary properties of vegetable and fruit juices are an area of significant interest. Conclusions: Together with an analysis of previous works, we suggest that green juice did not cause an improvement in metabolic function and there is a need for further research on this issue, mainly through different interventions and other samples.
Impaired color naming of food and body shape words: weight phobia or distinct affective state?

OBJECTIVE The current study investigated whether a concern with body shape and weight represents a distinct affective state, or whether it is better conceptualized as a highly specific form of anxiety. METHOD The color-naming performance of women with a high Drive for Thinness score was examined under three experimental conditions: when a photograph of chocolate was present, when actual chocolate was present, and a control condition. High Drive for Thinness subjects demonstrated relatively impaired color naming of body shape words in the picture condition, but not in the food or control conditions. RESULTS Although there was a significant impairment in the color naming of food words, this was unaffected by condition or degree of Drive for Thinness. DISCUSSION The results are interpreted as supporting an analogy between weight/body shape concerns and subclinical phobic anxiety.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) in the Middle-East and North-Africa (MENA) Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective To systematically search the literature and to summarize current evidence pertaining to the epidemiology of SCI in the MENA region incidence, gender, age, type of the injury and etiology of the injury. Methods Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and EBSCOhost were systematically searched from their dates of inception till July 2017 for English and non-English language articles. Also, regional databases were searched. Data were extracted from eligible articles and pooled under the random effect model using R. References of the included articles were also screened for potentially relevant studies. Results We identified 29 articles from seven countries in the MENA region (Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait and Qatar). The mean age of the cases at time of injury was 31.32 (95% CI: 28.74-33.91). The random pooled annual incidence of TSCI per million was 23.24 (95% CI: 5.64-49.21). Pooled proportion of male gender was 77% (95% CI 73-80%) of the cases. Complete paraplegia was the most common type of injury. Thoracic level injury predominated. Also, the most commonly affected age group was 20-29 then 30-39. Motor vehicle accidents were found to be the leading cause of injury, then falls, gunshot, violence and sports. Further meta-regression analysis showed no association between age and etiology of the injury. Conclusion This review shows lack of evidence about SCI in most countries of the MENA region. More epidemiological studies are needed.