Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational justice perception and its effects on knowledge sharing: A case study of forensics in the Turkish National Police

In today’s economy, organizational knowledge is a fundamental factor for remaining competitive and managing intellectual capital. Knowledge Management aims to improve organizational performance by designing the work environment with necessary tools. Yet, significant amount of knowledge resides within the people in different forms such as experience or abilities. Transferring individual knowledge within members or into organizational repositories is so difficult. Knowledge sharing only occurs under certain circumstances: People share knowledge when they believe it is beneficial for them, when they feel safe and secure, and when they trust. Since knowledge is power, and brings respect to its bearer, knowledge sharing needs suitable environment. In this context, this study investigates intention to knowledge sharing among forensics in the Turkish National Police (TNP) and the factors -such as perceived organizational justice, organizational citizenship behaviors, subjective norms, and attitudes toward knowledge sharing- affecting their intentions. The researcher utilized a model developed from Ajzen and Fishbein’s (1975; 1980) theory of reasoned action (TRA). To test this model, a self-administered questionnaire survey was administered in Turkey In order to analyze the quantitative data; SPSS version 19 was used for all preliminary analyses and LISREL 8.8 was used for Regression Analysis and Path Analysis The fit of the data to this proposed model was not adequate. However, 7 of the 8 hypotheses supported.
A hand gesture based driver-vehicle interface to control lateral and longitudinal motions of an autonomous vehicle

Autonomous vehicles would make the future roads safer by keeping the human driver out of the loop. However, reduced degree of human-control could result in loss of the feeling of driving for some drivers. Therefore, in this study we proposed a method of interaction between the driver and autonomous vehicle by allowing the driver to control the vehicle's lateral and longitudinal motions. We adopted hand gestures as input modality because it can reduce driver's visual and cognitive demands. We first derived seven fundamental vehicle maneuvers to improve driver experience, and related them to seven independent hand gestures. We then created a hand gesture interface to control an autonomous vehicle, using Leap Motion as the gesture recognition platform. We conducted driving experiments involving twenty drivers in a virtual reality driving simulator to investigate the effectiveness of this interface for vehicle control. We evaluated the driving experience and drivers' opinions regarding the gestural interface. The results proved that semi-autonomous controlling using the hand gesture interface significantly reduced drivers' perceived workload.
Noninvasive diagnosis of carbon monoxide poisoning using Extended Modified Lambert Beer Model

We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of using Extended Modified Lambert Beer model (EMLB) to detect differences in percent mean blood oxyhemoglobin (SmO2) and carboxyhemoglobin (SmCO) saturations between smoking and nonsmoking populations. The value of these parameters is given by those that produced the closest agreement between the EMLB and the measured data optimized using the developed fitting routine. This fitting algorithm used extinction coefficients of light absorbing hemoglobin species in the wavelength range of 520-600 nm as the background information. The reflectance spectroscopy measurement on left thumb of five smokers and four nonsmokers at rest condition revealed percent SmO2 and SmCO with mean value of 81.9 ± 8.8% and 16.2 ± 4.8%, respectively, for smoking population. Meanwhile a higher mean SmO2 of 86.5 ± 1.6% and lower mean SmCO of 11.7 ± 1.6% are observed for nonsmoking individuals. These values are compared to that reported in the literature. This study concluded that the proposed model and fitting strategy is able to detect differences in percent blood saturations of smoking and nonsmoking volunteers, hence potentially be used to clinically detect carbon monoxide poisoning in men.
Strategic Debt with Diverse Maturity in Developing Countries: Industry-Level Evidence from Turkey

A joint hypothesis of the strategic debt theory is that leverage decisions are the extensions of output market strategies and that debt, in return, has consequences for industry competition. It is, however, highly controversial as to how these consequences depend on the maturity structure; the role of maturity has not been directly tested. We test this joint hypothesis of strategic debt separately for short-term and long-term debt in Turkish manufacturing. A distinction according to maturity is critical, because corporate debt in advanced countries is predominantly long term, while it is predominantly short term in developing countries, including Turkey. The panel estimations at the two-digit industry level point to significant behavioral differences attributable to the maturity structure. The use of short-term debt is found to characterize price (Bertrand) competition, whereas the use of long-term debt is found to characterize quantity (Cournot) competition. These findings raise the maturity structure as a critical element in the strategic debt theory as has it long been so in general finance theory.
Structure of Si(100)-(2 x 1) surface using UHV transmission electron diffraction.

Details of the atomic structure for the Si(100)-(2×1) surface using UHV transmission electron diffraction are described. Reliability factor minimizations of the dynamical diffraction intensities establish conclusively the asymmetry in the structure. Fits performed using multilayer subsurface relaxations to match analytical strain solutions demonstrate the existence of long range subsurface strain fields extending up to six layers into the bulk
Long-term outcome for ADL following the health-promoting RCT--elderly persons in the risk zone.

PURPOSE To examine independence in activities of daily living (ADL) at the 1- and 2-year follow-ups of the health-promoting study Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone. DESIGN AND METHOD A randomized, three-armed, single-blind, and controlled study. A representative sample of 459 independent and community-dwelling older adults, 80 years and older, were included. A preventive home visit was compared with four weekly multiprofessional senior group meetings including a follow-up home visit. RESULTS Analysis showed a significant difference in favor of the senior meetings in postponing dependence in ADL at the 1-year follow-up (odds ratio [OR] = 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-3.10) and also in reducing dependence in three (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.31-0.86) and four or more ADL (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.22-0.72) at the 2-year follow-up. A preventive home visit reduced dependence in two (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.24-0.68) and three or more ADL (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.17-0.80) after 1 year. IMPLICATIONS A long-term evaluation of Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone showed that both senior meetings and a preventive home visit reduced the extent of dependence in ADL after 1 year. The senior meetings were superior to a preventive home visit since additional significant effects were seen after 2 years. To further enhance the long-term effects of the senior meetings and support the process of self-change in health behavior, it is suggested that booster sessions might be a good way of reinforcing the intervention.
Inclusion of signal and noise coupling in sparse wideband array synthesis

It is well known that non-regular sparse arrays can strongly reduce the number of active channels while avoiding the appearance of grating lobes [1]. Such configurations avoid “intersecting” effective areas and space tapering can to a certain extent, replace amplitude tapering, with a positive impact on sensitivity. The combination of space tapering and amplitude tapering has been analysed in [2], where the amplitudes compensate for the local variation of the array density. In [3], this has been extended by describing the space tapering through a change of coordinates. In this case, the amplitude tapering is applied before space tapering, i.e., on the initial array, which has a constant average density. This allows one to limit the amplitude variations imposed on the elements, which is favourable in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, while the main lobes and first few sidelobes have a very smooth behaviour. In the present paper, this work is extended to include mutual coupling between the elements. The work relies on a fast in-house solver, making use of Macro Basis Functions (MBFs) and on a modelbased technique for computing the interactions between MBFs without computing the method-of-moments impedance matrix. Regarding the signal analysis, the amplitudes are modulated by the product between the local area allotted to the element, multiplied by the embedded element pattern. In this work, noise-coupling is also accounted for. Numerical examples will be shown for arrays made of log-periodic antennas, foreseen for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope. The impact of the proposed combination of amplitude and space tapering on the array sensitivity will be illustrated.
Empirical Bayes methods for disease mapping

This paper reviews empirical Bayes methods for disease mapping. A distinction is made between spatial models (which take into account the geographical distribution of disease) and nonspatial models. Several estimators are presented, and methods of estimation are described. Empirical Bayes methods are compared with full Bayes methods, and we argue that both have their place.
Cognitive Screening in Persons With Chronic Diseases in Primary Care

An integrative literature review was performed to identify the challenges in current cognitive screening. The aim of the review was to serve as an evaluative resource to guide clinicians in the selection of the best available cognitive screening measures for early assessment of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in people with chronic diseases. The review classified the available cognitive screening measures according to purpose, time to administer, and cognitive domains assessed as: 1) simple/ brief cognitive screening measures, 2) disease specific screening measures, 3) domain specific screening measures, 4) self-administered screening measures, and 5) technology-based screening measures. There is no single optimal cognitive measure for all patient populations and settings. Although disease specific cognitive screening measures are optimal, there is a lack of validated screening measures for many chronic diseases. Technology-based screening measure is a promising avenue for increasing the accessibility of cognitive screening. Future work should focus on translating available screening measures to mobile technology format to enhance the utility in busy primary care settings. Early cognitive screening in persons with chronic disease should enhance appropriate referrals for detailed neurocognitive examination and cognitive interventions to preserve and or minimize cognitive decline.
Zero emission transportation system

This work presents a novel urban transportation system based on supercapacitor driven electric vehicle. These electric vehicles will be charged at the bus stops located at a distance of 1–2 kilometres from each other. The bus stops have a large capacity flow batteries that are charged during off-peak hours of the grid. This reduces the stress on the grid during peak hours and drives the transportation system smoothly. Supercapacitor has high power density that makes it ideal for frequent start and stop type applications. Supercapacitor based electric vehicles are thus beneficial for dense city driven conditions. The additional advantage of the system is the integration of distributed solar power system into the power distribution network of a city. In this paper a conceptual idea is presented.
Single Channel Source Separation for Convolutive Mixtures with Application to Respiratory Sounds

In this paper, we attempt to extend single channel source separation techniques to the separation of respiratory sound (RS) and heart sounds (HS). This single channel recording is analyzed and shown to be a convolutive mixture model. After analyzing the reasons for failure of commonly used blind source separation algorithms, we evaluate the efficacy of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) techniques for this application. Analysis on simulated single channel convolutive mixtures at various sensor positions has been performed. It indicates an average signal to interference ratio (SIR) improvement of greater than 10 dB for the optimal sensor locations. The corresponding range of received power has been also studied for reliable separation of RS and HS. Finally, the proposed model and the NMF separation performance are demostrated to work well on real RS recordings.
AN AUTOREGRESSIVE DISTRIBUTIVE LAG APPROACH TO COINTERGRATION: AN EXAMINATION OF TRADE OPENESS AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS IN NIGERIA

This paper examines the impact of trade openness on output in case of Nigeria for the period of 1970-2012. In doing so, we applied autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach, Error Correction Method (ECM) and CUSUM and CUSUMQ stability tests. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration show no evidence of long run relationship between trade openness and economic growth. However, the study established in the short run, an inverse relationship between the two key variable of interest – trade openness and economic growth, this was further confirm by the results of the CUSUM and CUSUMQ stability tests. The policy implication of this relationship is that economic growth has a deleterious effect on trade in the short run. Thus, policy makers in Nigeria, a developing state, should formulate appropriate policy will enhance trade in the long run, in order achieve higher economic growth.
Technical Efficiency, Efficiency Change, Technical Progress and Productivity Growth in the National Health Systems of Continental African Countries

In May 2006, the Ministers of Health of all the countries on the African continent, at a special session of the African Union, undertook to institutionalise efficiency monitoring within their respective national health information management systems. The specific objectives of this study were: (i) to assess the technical efficiency of National Health Systems (NHSs) of African countries for measuring male and female life expectancies, and (ii) to assess changes in health productivity over time with a view to analysing changes in efficiency and changes in technology. The analysis was based on a five-year panel data (1999-2003) from all the 53 countries of continental Africa. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) − a non-parametric linear programming approach − was employed to assess the technical efficiency. Malmquist Total Factor Productivity (MTFP) was used to analyse efficiency and productivity change over time among the 53 countries' national health systems. The data consisted of two outputs (male and female life expectancies) and two inputs (per capital total health expenditure and adult literacy). The DEA revealed that 49 (92.5%) countries' NHSs were run inefficiently in 1999 and 2000; 50 (94.3%), 48 (90.6%) and 47 (88.7%) operated inefficiently in 2001, 2002, and 2003 respectively. All the 53 countries' national health systems registered improvements in total factor productivity attributable mainly to technical progress. Fifty-two countries did not experience any change in scale efficiency, while thirty (56.6%) countries' national health systems had a Pure Efficiency Change (PEFFCH) index of less than one, signifying that those countries' NHSs pure efficiency contributed negatively to productivity change. All the 53 countries' national health systems registered improvements in total factor productivity, attributable mainly to technical progress. Over half of the countries' national health systems had a pure efficiency index of less than one, signifying that those countries' NHSs pure efficiency contributed negatively to productivity change. African countries may need to critically evaluate the utility of institutionalising Malmquist TFP type of analyses to monitor changes in health systems economic efficiency and productivity over time.
Rapid Screening Method for Compounds That Affect the Growth and Germination of Candida albicans, Using a Real-Time PCR Thermocycler

ABSTRACT We propose a screening method for compounds affecting growth and germination in Candida albicans using a real-time PCR thermocycler to quantify green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence. Using P ACT1-GFP and P HWP1-GFP reporter strains, the effects of a wide range of compounds on growth and hyphal formation were quantitatively assessed within 3 h after inoculation.
Compact Millimeter-Wave CMOS Wideband Three-Transmission-Zeros Bandstop Filter Using a Single Coupled-Line Unit

This brief presents the design and implementation of millimeter-wave ultra-wide bandstop filter (BSF) using a standard 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology. The BSF configuration consists of a single coupled-line resonator shorted at the middle, which operates as not only a resonant element but also an open stub. The BSF realizes three transmission zeros in the stopband that results in sharp skirt selectivity. The overall width of the filter is less than the width of a 50-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {\Omega }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> line and occupies a compact area of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.0066 {\lambda }_{ {g}} \,\, {\times } \,\, 0.443 {\lambda }_{ {g}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ {\lambda }_{ {g}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the guided wavelength at 60 GHz. Explicit design equations are derived analytically using lossless transmission model. A prototype wideband BSF with a 3-dB bandwidth of 110% at 60 GHz is realized on a thin-film microstrip structure. The impact of several CMOS process parameters on the designed filter is also examined.
A high efficiency 90-nm CMOSRF to DC rectifier

This paper presents a novel high efficiency RF to DC converter for RFID applications. The proposed rectifier circuit is designed in 90 nm CMOS technology using single RF source. It exploits an internal Vth cancellation technique along with a leakage current reducer. The circuit performs well in the low input power threshold. The Simulation results at frequency of 920MHz show that the Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) has improved compared to the conventional rectifier using diode connected transistor and Vth cancellation techniques. The measured PCE is 36.3% at -14.3dBm and is improved to 54.5% with an impedance matching network between the source and rectifiers' input.
International trade, foreign direct investment and the phenomenon of child labor: The case of Pakistan

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causal links between, foreign direct investment (FDI), openness through trade, poverty, value added of agriculture sector as share of GDP, urban population and child labor by using annual data for Pakistan over the period 1970-2003. Design/methodology/approach - The methodological framework for causality testing is a multivariate vector autoregression (VAR) model. This permits investigation of the importance of factors on the incidence of child labor in Pakistan. More generally, this study seek to establish the causal link between these factors and child labor, which might suggest important implications for eradicating child labor's strategies for Pakistan. Findings - This study presents strong and robust evidence that in the long-run trade openness raises the output of the exportable sector and increases the demand for child labor as well as the child-wage. However, FDI is found to lower the incidence of child labor, indicating that because of low labor standards and a high incidence of child labor, Pakistan is not attracting a greater inflow of FDI. Practical implications - This study provides several implications for the policy debate on globalization and child labor and end by suggesting that rich countries should restrict the sale of goods from developing countries that lack or do not enforce child labor laws. Yet many doubt the ability of trade sanctions to eliminate child labor. Originality/value - This could be the first ever effort in describing child labor incidence with the help of VAR technique for Pakistan.
Analysis and synthesis of human movements: wearable kinesthetic interfaces

Electrically conductive elastomer composites (CEs) show piezoresistive properties when a deformation is applied. In several applications, CEs can be integrated onto fabric or other flexible substrate and can be employed as strain sensors. Moreover, integrated CE sensors may be used in biomechanical analysis to realize wearable kinesthetic interfaces able to detect posture and movement of the human body. In the following a kinesthetic upper limb garment realized by CEs which allows to reconstruct shoulder, elbow and wrist movements and a kinesthetic glove able to detect posture and gesture of the hand are presented.
Antibacterial effects of human group IIA and group XIIA phospholipase A2 against Helicobacter pylori in vitro

Group IIA phospholipase A2 (PLA2‐IIA) is an enzyme which has important roles in inflammation and infection. Recently, a novel human secretory PLA2 called group XIIA PLA2 (PLA2‐XIIA) has been identified. Both PLA2‐IIA and PLA2‐XIIA are bactericidal against Gram‐positive bacteria like many other secretory PLA2s. However, PLA2‐XIIA is the only known PLA2 displaying significant bactericidal activity against the Gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli. We examined the antibacterial properties of recombinant human PLA2‐IIA and PLA2‐XIIA against Helicobacter pylori, a Gram‐negative bacterium, in vitro. PLA2‐IIA was not bactericidal against H. pylori, whereas PLA2‐XIIA effectively killed H. pylori at a concentration of 50 μg/ml but was not bactericidal at concentrations of 0.5 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml.
Lamotrigine Is Neuroprotective in the Energy Deficiency Model of MPTP Intoxicated Mice

The 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) inhibits the mitochondrial complex I of the respiratory chain. This results in ATP and ion homeostasis disturbances, which lead to selective death of the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Well known as a Parkinson's disease model, the MPTP animal model also provides a potential paradigm of the energy deficiencies found in childhood. In these conditions, anticonvulsants may provide neuroprotection by limiting cellular energy consumption. We tested valproate, topiramate and lamotrigine in the MPTP mouse model. Dopamine transporter (DAT) density was assessed by quantitative autoradiography, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and dopamine (DA) levels by HPLC-ED whereas neuronal apoptosis was monitored through active caspase-3. Expectedly, the DAT density, TH immunoreactive neurons and DA content in the MPTP group were respectively reduced to 51%, 40% and 26% versus control animals. Unlike valproate and topiramate, lamotrigine provided a significant neuroprotection against MPTP in maintaining these levels at 99%, 74% and 58% respectively and reducing the induced apoptosis. Altogether, the data indicate that lamotrigine limits dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra and promotes striatal dendrites sprouting. Lamotrigine, a widely used and well-tolerated molecule in young patients, could represent a valuable adjuvant therapy in various energy deficiency conditions during childhood.