Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
O C ] 2 5 Ju n 20 13 Mean-Field Optimal Control

We introduce the concept of mean-field optimal control which is the rigorous limit process connecting finite dimensional optimal control problems with ODE constraints modeling multi-agent interactions to an infinite dimensional optimal control problem with a constraint given by a PDE of Vlasov-type, governing the dynamics of the probability distribution of interacting agents. While in the classical mean-field theory one studies the behavior of a large number of small individuals freely interacting with each other, by simplifying the effect of all the other individuals on any given individual by a single averaged effect, we address the situation where the individuals are actually influenced also by an external policy maker, and we propagate its effect for the number N of individuals going to infinity. On the one hand, from a modeling point of view, we take into account also that the policy maker is constrained to act according to optimal strategies promoting its most parsimonious interaction with the group of individuals. This will be realized by considering cost functionals including L -norm terms penalizing a broadly distributed control of the group, while promoting its sparsity. On the other hand, from the analysis point of view, and for the sake of generality, we consider broader classes of convex control penalizations. In order to develop this new concept of limit rigorously, we need to carefully combine the classical concept of mean-field limit, connecting the finite dimensional system of ODE describing the dynamics of each individual of the group to the PDE describing the dynamics of the respective probability distribution, with the well-known concept of Γ-convergence to show that optimal strategies for the finite dimensional problems converge to optimal strategies of the infinite dimensional problem.
Social-emotional behaviors in African-American toddlers : the role of risk and protective factors.

SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL-BEHA VIORS IN AFRICAN-AMERICAN TODDLERS: THE ROLE OF RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS Paulette Flores August 29,2011 The role of risk and protective factors in the family system on toddlers' socialemotional outcomes was examined by exploring the impact of depression and parenting strategies reported by female primary caregivers on toddlers' social-emotional competence and social-emotional problem behaviors. The goal of the research was to extend knowledge concerning how these risk and protective factors relate to socialemotional outcomes in an urban community sample of African-American families. Participants included 103 African-American women and toddlers. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined social-emotional problems and social-emotional competence. Results showed that female primary caregivers' depression and annual income were found to significantly predict ratings of toddlers' social-emotional problems. Results from the analysis of social-emotional competence revealed a different pattern. Parenting strategies measured in terms of family routines and gender of the toddlers significantly predicted ratings of social-emotional competence. The current
Optimization of Intermittent Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposures by Duration of Oxygen Cycles

Objective: Intermittency is routinely used as a protective strategy against CNS and pulmonary hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) toxicity, however exact mechanisms of protection are not known. This study was designed to optimize intermittent HBO2 exposures by variable duration of HBO2 cycles. Methods: Rats were exposed to O2 at 2.8 ATA delivered either continuously for 6 h or intermittently with 10 min air breaks. Two intermittent paradigms were used; the first consisted of longer HBO2 60 min cycles at the beginning and shorter 30 min cycles at the end of exposure, while in the second paradigm, shorter cycles were followed by longer HBO2 cycles. Effectiveness of intermittency was assessed by gene expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the lungs at the end of exposures. The gene expression was compared with changes in respiration detected by continuous recording of respiration by a modified version of the whole-body plethysmography. Results: All intermittent schedules inhibited lung inflammation compared with the continuous exposures. Efficacy of this inhibition was significantly better in intermittent groups starting with longer duration of HBO2 cycles than in groups with reversed duration of HBO2 cycles. Intermittent exposures starting with longer HBO2 cycles also slowed down changes in respiratory frequency and tidal volume compared with the continuous exposure. HSP70 was increased in all exposure groups. It was significantly higher in continuous exposures and in intermittent group starting with longer duration of HBO2 cycles than in the group starting with shorter HBO2 cycles. Conclusions: The higher benefit of the initially longer HBO2 cycles could be in part explained by a higher oxidative stress and higher HSP70 expression in lungs compared with exposures with initially shorter HBO2 cycles.
Train, Diagnose and Fix: Interpretable Approach for Fine-grained Action Recognition

Despite the growing discriminative capabilities of modern deep learning methods for recognition tasks, the inner workings of the state-of-art models still remain mostly black-boxes. In this paper, we propose a systematic interpretation of model parameters and hidden representations of Residual Temporal Convolutional Networks (Res-TCN) for action recognition in time-series data. We also propose a Feature Map Decoder as part of the interpretation analysis, which outputs a representation of model's hidden variables in the same domain as the input. Such analysis empowers us to expose model's characteristic learning patterns in an interpretable way. For example, through the diagnosis analysis, we discovered that our model has learned to achieve view-point invariance by implicitly learning to perform rotational normalization of the input to a more discriminative view. Based on the findings from the model interpretation analysis, we propose a targeted refinement technique, which can generalize to various other recognition models. The proposed work introduces a three-stage paradigm for model learning: training, interpretable diagnosis and targeted refinement. We validate our approach on skeleton based 3D human action recognition benchmark of NTU RGB+D. We show that the proposed workflow is an effective model learning strategy and the resulting Multi-stream Residual Temporal Convolutional Network (MS-Res-TCN) achieves the state-of-the-art performance on NTU RGB+D.
Re-Citrate Synthase from Clostridium kluyveri Is Phylogenetically Related to Homocitrate Synthase and Isopropylmalate Synthase Rather Than to Si-Citrate Synthase

ABSTRACT The synthesis of citrate from acetyl-coenzyme A and oxaloacetate is catalyzed in most organisms by a Si-citrate synthase, which is Si-face stereospecific with respect to C-2 of oxaloacetate. However, in Clostridium kluyveri and some other strictly anaerobic bacteria, the reaction is catalyzed by a Re-citrate synthase, whose primary structure has remained elusive. We report here that Re-citrate synthase from C. kluyveri is the product of a gene predicted to encode isopropylmalate synthase. C. kluyveri is also shown to contain a gene for Si-citrate synthase, which explains why cell extracts of the organism always exhibit some Si-citrate synthase activity.
Addressing false causality while detecting predicates in distributed programs

The partial-order model of distributed computations based on the happened before relation has been criticized for allowing false causality between events. Our strong causality model addresses this problem by allowing multiple local threads of control. This paper addresses the predicate detection problem for the class of weak conjunctive predicates in the strong causality model. We show that, in general, the problem is NP-complete. However, an efficient solution is demonstrated for a useful sub-case. Further, this solution can be used to achieve an exponential reduction in time for solving the general problem. Our predicate detection algorithms can be applied to distributed debugging when processes have independent events, as in multi-threaded processes.
Community Research as a Factor Building Inclusive Community in Lithuania

Social and political change in Europe, increasing labour mobility, development of the new European social policy and increasingly global nature of the social problems had a profound effect on the socio-cultural and socio-educational work in community and on its objectives. In order to keep these new communitarian standards of social policy, the first steps have to be made in fostering local community with the perspective it will reach the western European communitarian level. That is the reason why university in these changes started to turn more and more to the society and first of all has put a great emphasis on the community research. This initiative was induced by non-existence of civic tradition during the communist period, the gap in the development of civil society and its culture, the weakness and the poorness of the third sector. This paper is based on the analysis of the community and civil society research conducted during recent years by the researchers of Kaunas University of Technology, Faculty of Social Sciences. The paper involves a review of the research methodology, interpretation of the received data and summary of the results. It discusses both theoretical and empirical possibilities of building and developing inclusive community.
An asymptotic existence theorem for plane curves with prescribed singularities

Let $d,m_1,. ,m_r$ be ($r+1$) positive integers, and $P_1,. ,P_r$ be $r$ general points in the projective plane ; let $m$ be a positive integer. We prove that there exists a bound $d_0(m)$ such that : If $m_i d_0(m)$ then the linear system $L$ of plane curves of degree $d$ having a multiplicity at least $m_i$ at each point $P_i$ has the expected dimension ; moreover, if $L$ is not empty, there exists an irreducible plane curve of degree $d$, smooth away from the $r$ points $P_i$, and having an ordinary singularity of the prescribed multiplicity $m_i$ at each point $P_i$. This curve may be isolated in $L$.
Serodiagnosis of erythema migrans and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans by the Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

The diagnostic performance of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using purified Borrelia burgdorferi flagella as test antigen was compared with that of a B. burgdorferi sonic extract ELISA. We tested sera from 200 healthy controls, 107 patients with erythema migrans (EM), 50 patients with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA), and 98 patients with various dermatological disorders without clinical evidence of active Lyme borreliosis. The flagellum ELISA was significantly more sensitive than the sonic extract ELISA. With sera from patients with EM, the diagnostic sensitivity for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody detection increased from 11.2 to 35.5% (P less than 0.001) and for IgM antibody detection it increased from 16.6 to 44.8% (P less than 0.001). In the flagellum ELISA, the number of positive tests increased significantly (P less than 0.005) when the duration of EM exceeded 1 month, but still only about 50% of patients with longstanding (1 to 12 months) untreated EM were IgG seropositive. Concomitant general symptoms did not affect the antibody level, whereas patients with multiple erythema were more frequently seropositive. All sera from patients with EM which were positive in the sonic extract ELISA were also positive in the flagellum ELISA. Not only did the overall number of positive tests increase, but the flagellum ELISA yielded a significantly better quantitative discrimination between seropositive patients and controls (P less than 0.002). IgG antibodies to the B. burgdorferi flagellum were found in all sera from patients with ACA, indicating persistence of an antiflagellum immune response in late stages of Lyme borreliosis. IgM reactivity in sera from patients with ACA was shown to be unspecific and the result IgM rheumatoid factor. A rheumatoid factor was detected in sera from 32% of patients with ACA, compared with 7.5% of patients with EM. The improved diagnostic performance, the ease of standardization of the flagellum antigen, and the lack of strain variation make the B. burgdorferi flagellum a needed reference antigen for growing routine serology in Lyme borreliosis.
P 2 X 7 receptor agonists pre-and postcondition the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by opening pannexin-1 / P 2 X 7 channels

Vessey DA, Li L, Kelley M. P2X7 receptor agonists preand postcondition the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury by opening pannexin-1/P2X7 channels. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 301: H881–H887, 2011. First published June 17, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00305. 2011. —Protection of the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury can be achieved by ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning. Previous studies revealed that a complex of pannexin-1 with the P2X7 receptor forms a channel during ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning that results in the release of endogenous cardioprotectants. ATP binds to P2X7 receptors, inducing the formation of a channel in association with pannexin-1. We hypothesized that this channel would provide a pathway for the release of these same cardioprotectants. Preconditioning-isolated perfused rat hearts with 0.4 M ATP preceding 40 min of ischemia minimized infarct size upon subsequent reperfusion (5% of risk area) and resulted in 80% recovery of left ventricular developed pressure. Postconditioning with ATP after ischemia during reperfusion was also protective (6% infarct and 72% recovery of left ventricular developed pressure). Antagonists of both pannexin-1 (carbenoxolone and mefloquine) and P2X7 receptors (brilliant blue G and A438079) blocked ATP preand postconditioning, indicating that ATP protection was elicited via the opening of a pannexin-1/P2X7 channel. An antagonist of binding of the endogenous cardioprotectant sphingosine 1-phosphate to its G protein-coupled receptor diminished protection by ATP, which is also consistent with an ATP-dependent release of cardioprotectants. Suramin, an antagonist of binding of ATP (and ADP) to P2Y receptors, was without effect on ATP protection. Benzoyl benzoyl-ATP, a more specific P2X7 agonist, was also a potent preand postconditioning agent and sensitive to blockade by pannexin-1/P2X7 channel antagonists. The data point out for the first time the potential of P2X7 agonists as cardioprotectants.
ATOMOXETINE THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS IN CHILDREN WITH ADHD AT DAY CARE, DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL, SURABAYA

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a chronic psychiatry disorder, onset in childhood, with inattention, hyperactivity and impulsive syndrome within minimal two different social conditions, and usually diagnosed before seven years old. ADHD prevalence estimated between 3-7% school aged students. On Daycare RSU Dr. Soetomo, ADHD takes the second place the most case within these 5 years. Drug of choice used for ADHD is stimulant methylphenidate. Since its nontolerable side effects and growth retardation effect, nonstimulant atomoxetine is used as the alternative pharmacotherapy. In Indonesia, as far as writer knows, atomoxetine is either rarely used or observed. This observational analytical research aims to know the efficacy of atomoxetine in Daycare RSU Dr. Soetomo Surabaya by comparing the symptoms severity level before and after therapy. This research also compared the efficacy of atomoxetine between two types of ADHD found at Daycare. Total sampling assignment is used for ADHD patients and their parents who required the inclusion criteria (N 42 inattention 22 combined 20). The data used is secondary data from Iowa Conner’s Rating Scale score assessed by parents, available on patient’s medical records, and primary data through the interview. Data analysis used statistical test. The results showed comparison of scores before and after therapy had p-value <0.0001. The difference of the severity of ADHD symptoms on the inattention and combined types showed differences p <0.05. Average change in scores on the ADHD combined type is larger than inattention type. In conclusion, atomoxetine therapy is effective in reducing severity level in ADHD patients at Daycare RSU Dr. Soetomo, and more effective for combined type patients than inattention type. (FMI 2012;48 190-197)
A Social Semantic Web based Conceptual Architecture of Disaster Trail Management System

Disasters affect human lives severely. Due to these disasters, hundreds and thousands of human beings lost their lives and gracious properties. Government agencies, non- government organization and individual volunteers act to rescue the affected people and to mitigate the disaster effects. These teams require real time information about the nature, severity, area and number of affectees. Their efforts can be supported by providing timely, effective and specific information so that the rescuers can get better idea about the available routes to reach the affectees, urgency and mass of loss. People share huge amount of data through blogs and social media that can be utilized to help rescue operations. This information can electronically be filtered, arranged and formatted in a proper manner. Thus, semantic web technologies can play a vital role in providing timeliness information. Purpose of this research is to capture explicit knowledge of the domain in form of ontologies, automatic information extraction, generation of implicit knowledge and then disseminating this information to various stakeholders. Collection of implicit and explicit knowledge will help improve decision making for disaster trail management.
Involvement of WNT Signaling in the Regulation of Gestational Age-Dependent Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous cell population that is isolated initially from the bone marrow (BM) and subsequently almost all tissues including umbilical cord (UC). UC-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) have attracted an increasing attention as a source for cell therapy against various degenerative diseases due to their vigorous proliferation and differentiation. Although the cell proliferation and differentiation of BM-derived MSCs is known to decline with age, the functional difference between preterm and term UC-MSCs is poorly characterized. In the present study, we isolated UC-MSCs from 23 infants delivered at 22–40 weeks of gestation and analyzed their gene expression and cell proliferation. Microarray analysis revealed that global gene expression in preterm UC-MSCs was distinct from term UC-MSCs. WNT signaling impacts on a variety of tissue stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and its pathway genes were enriched in differentially expressed genes between preterm and term UC-MSCs. Cell proliferation of preterm UC-MSCs was significantly enhanced compared to term UC-MSCs and counteracted by WNT signaling inhibitor XAV939. Furthermore, WNT2B expression in UC-MSCs showed a significant negative correlation with gestational age (GA). These results suggest that WNT signaling is involved in the regulation of GA-dependent UC-MSC proliferation.
Infection and Coinfection of Human Rhinovirus C in Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

In 54 adult stem cell transplant recipients, the presence and persistence of human rhinoviruses (including the novel lineage C) were evaluated by molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis, independently from respiratory symptoms. In the same group of patients, the presence of other coinfecting respiratory pathogens, including the novel enterovirus 109, was also evaluated.
The Nucleotide-binding Leucine-rich Repeat (NLR) Family Member NLRX1 Mediates Protection against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Represses Macrophage/Microglia-induced Inflammation*

Background: The nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family of innate immune genes are important regulators of inflammatory responses in mammals. Results: The NLR gene, Nlrx1, suppresses neuroinflammation in vivo and inhibits microglial (Mg) activation. Conclusion: NLRX1 immunosuppressive function in Mg correlates with suppression of neuroinflammation during mouse models of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Significance: NLR genes can have protective roles during neuroinflammation. The nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) family of proteins is known to activate innate immunity, and the inflammasome-associated NLRs are prime examples. In contrast, the concept that NLRs can inhibit innate immunity is still debated, and the impact of such inhibitory NLRs in diseases shaped by adaptive immune responses is entirely unexplored. This study demonstrates that, in contrast to other NLRs that activate immunity, NLRX1 plays a protective role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for multiple sclerosis. When compared with wild-type controls, Nlrx1−/− mice have significantly worsened clinical scores and heightened CNS tissue damage during EAE. NLRX1 does not alter the production of encephalitogenic T cells in the peripheral lymphatic tissue, but Nlrx1−/− mice are more susceptible to adoptively transferred myelin-reactive T cells. Analysis of the macrophage and microglial populations indicates that NLRX1 reduces activation during both active and passive EAE models. This work represents the first case of an NLR that attenuates microglia inflammatory activities and protects against a neurodegenerative disease model caused by autoreactive T cells.
Outdoor Location Estimation in Changeable Environments

One approach to location estimation constructs a radio map of received signal strength (RSS) measurements at different known locations. However, location-based systems that depend on RSS alone are susceptible to inaccuracies caused by several factors, such as changes in humidity, temperature, the number of users and the physical environment. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm in which one radio map is generated as a reference map and adjusted for different run-time environmental conditions. A small sample of new RSS samples for the new environment is collected, with locations, and used to build a model to calibrate new measurements to the reference radio map. The calibration is not uniform and depends on the observed RSS. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated using real GSM data sets collected from a three-day music festival in London Victoria Park. Results are presented with and without applying the correction. A state-of-the-art cluster-based deterministic location estimation algorithm is used throughout.