Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary protein quality evaluation in human nutrition. Report of an FAQ Expert Consultation.

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO. iii Acknowledgements The committee would like to thank Dr Shane Rutherfurd of the Riddet Institute, Massey University, New Zealand for supplying data for the exemplar calculations of DIAAS and Dr Joyce Boye of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, for providing the examples of the calculation of DIAAS given in Section IV (2) of the report. We also thank Mrs Terri Palmer of the Riddet Institute, Massey University, for secretarial assistance.
Designing Unconventional Use of Conventional Displays in Games: Some Assembly Required

Game design is experiencing a renewed interest in co-located games and the social play it facilitates. Specifically, public settings such as game exhibitions and parties are the host of games with unique experiences supported in part by custom and unconventional hardware design. These installations of custom hardware can create barriers for distribution and facilitation. However, it is possible to create both similar and novel and installation-like experiences with ephemeral DIY-installations. We investigate two games that create such novel experiences. These games explore ephemeral installation design through the unconventional use of displays, but using only conventional and commercially available hardware. Our investigation reveals six themes, providing an understanding of how to utilize this design space related to the social, spatial, and tangible aspects of these game designs, such as creating movement and aggregated spectatorship. We present unconventional use of videogame hardware in public settings as an underexplored design space.
Prochlo: Strong Privacy for Analytics in the Crowd

The large-scale monitoring of computer users' software activities has become commonplace, e.g., for application telemetry, error reporting, or demographic profiling. This paper describes a principled systems architecture---Encode, Shuffle, Analyze (ESA)---for performing such monitoring with high utility while also protecting user privacy. The ESA design, and its Prochlo implementation, are informed by our practical experiences with an existing, large deployment of privacy-preserving software monitoring. With ESA, the privacy of monitored users' data is guaranteed by its processing in a three-step pipeline. First, the data is encoded to control scope, granularity, and randomness. Second, the encoded data is collected in batches subject to a randomized threshold, and blindly shuffled, to break linkability and to ensure that individual data items get "lost in the crowd" of the batch. Third, the anonymous, shuffled data is analyzed by a specific analysis engine that further prevents statistical inference attacks on analysis results. ESA extends existing best-practice methods for sensitive-data analytics, by using cryptography and statistical techniques to make explicit how data is elided and reduced in precision, how only common-enough, anonymous data is analyzed, and how this is done for only specific, permitted purposes. As a result, ESA remains compatible with the established workflows of traditional database analysis. Strong privacy guarantees, including differential privacy, can be established at each processing step to defend against malice or compromise at one or more of those steps. Prochlo develops new techniques to harden those steps, including the Stash Shuffle, a novel scalable and efficient oblivious-shuffling algorithm based on Intel's SGX, and new applications of cryptographic secret sharing and blinding. We describe ESA and Prochlo, as well as experiments that validate their ability to balance utility and privacy.
Spatial pattern of glaucomatous visual field loss obtained with regionally condensed stimulus arrangements.

PURPOSE To assess the spatial distribution of glaucomatous visual field defects (VFDs) obtained with regionally condensed stimulus arrangements. METHODS Sixty-three eyes of 63 glaucoma subjects were examined with threshold-estimating automated static perimetry (full threshold 4-2-1 dB strategy with at least three reversals) on an automatic campimeter or a full-field perimeter. Stimuli were added by the examiner to regionally enhance spatial resolution in regions that were suspicious for a glaucomatous VFD. These regions were characterized by contiguous local VFDs, attributable to the retinal nerve fiber bundle course according to the impression of the examiner. The added stimulus locations were subsets of a predefined, dense perimetric grid. All VFD locations with P < 0.05 (total deviation plots) were assessed by superimposing the visual field records of all participants. RESULTS Glaucomatous VFD loss occurred more frequently in the upper than in the lower hemifield, with a typical retinal nerve fiber-related pattern and a preference of the nasal step region. More than 50% of the eyes with predominantly mild to moderate glaucomatous field loss showed defective locations in the immediate superior paracentral region within an eccentricity of 3°. CONCLUSIONS Conventional thresholding white-on-white perimetry with regionally enhanced spatial resolution reveals that glaucomatous visual field loss affects the immediate paracentral area, especially the upper hemifield, in many eyes with only mild to moderate glaucomatous visual field loss. Detailed knowledge about the spatial pattern and the local frequency distribution of glaucomatous VFDs is an essential prerequisite for creating regionally condensed stimulus arrangements for adequate detection and follow-up of functional glaucomatous damage.
Circulating Endothelial Cells in Behçet’ Disease with Cerebral Thrombophlebitis

5. Koster T, Blann AD, Briët E, Vandenbroocke JP, Rosendaal FR. Role of clotting factor VIII in effect of von Willebrand factor on occurrence of deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet 1995; 345: 6. Wautrecht JC, Galle C, Motte S, Dereume JP, Dramaix M. The role of ABO blood groups in the incidence of deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79: 689-90. 7. Gonzales Ordonez AJ, Medina Rodriguez JM, Martin L, Alvarez V, Coto E. The O blood group protects against venous thromboembolism in individuals with the factor V Leiden but not the prothrombin (factor II G20210A) mutation. Blood Coag Fibrinolysis 1999, 10: 303-307. 8. Gill JC, Endres-Brooks J, Bauer PJ, Marks WJ Jr, Montgomery RR. The effect of ABO blood group on the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease. Blood 1987; 69: 1691-5. 9. McLellan DS, Knight SR, Aronstam A. The relationship between coagulation factor VIII and ABO blood group status. Med Lab Sci. 1988; 45: 131-4.
Mobile augmented reality for interactive catalogue

Augmented reality has been widely recognized due to its dominance and increasing advancement of the technology as an extensive circulation of smart phones. It is a form of human computer interaction that provides an insight with surplus information to users in the form of reality. This has made the use of augmented reality an important concept in sales promotion. A print catalogue is a way for products promotion. Print catalogues contain short sentences, pictures and limited information which are non-interactive to readers. Many people have problems when they want to buy products in terms of specifications and insufficient information. This paper aims to develop an interactive catalogue that uses augmented reality to provide full product description to customers. We have employed a general design methodology for gathering the functional and non-functional requirements for the prototype development. The developed prototype has been evaluated by experts and normal users, and the evaluation showed that the prototype is perceived as useful and easy to use.
35 GHz harmonic harvesting rectifier for wireless power Transmission

In this paper, a structure of dual diode microstrip rectifier circuit operating at 35 GHz capable of harmonic harvesting is proposed to improve the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency. To do so, the conventional voltage doubler is first modified for 35 GHz operation. Then, a harmonic harvesting rectifier is designed and optimized in order to maximize the RF-to-DC conversion efficiency. Both circuits are fabricated and experimentally tested. Measured efficiency of 34% for 20 mW RF input power for harmonic harvester model and 23% for the same RF power level for the modified voltage doubler are obtained. Results of the harmonic harvester rectifier suggest about 20% efficiency improvement for medium power range (1 to100 mW) at millimeter-wave frequency compared to previously reported designs. The proposed structure can find potential applications in the design of millimeter-wave wireless power transmission and energy harvesting devices.
Cancer Risk Management Decision Making for BRCA+ Women

Women with pathogenic BRCA genetic mutations face high risks for cancer development. Estimates vary among mutation carriers, with lifetime risks ranging from 41% to 90% for breast cancer and 8% to 62% for ovarian cancer. Cancer risk management options for BRCA mutation positive (BRCA+) women have life-altering implications. This qualitative, phenomenological study explored the experience of cancer risk management decision making for women who are unaffected carriers of a BRCA mutation (previvors). Fifteen previvors recruited from Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered (FORCE), an online informational and support group, were interviewed. Findings consisted of four major themes: the early previvor experience, intense emotional upheaval; the decisional journey, navigating a personal plan for survival; lack of knowledge and experience among health care providers; and support is essential. Findings highlight the different decisional perspectives of previvors based on age and individual factors and the need for increased competence among health care providers.
Maternal age at childbirth and offspring disruptive behaviors: testing the causal hypothesis.

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that the association between maternal age at childbearing (MAC) and children's disruptive behaviors is the result of family factors that are confounded with both variables, rather than a casual effect of environmental factors specifically related to MAC. These studies, however, relied on restricted samples and did not use the strongest approach to test causal influences. METHODS Using data on 9,171 4-9-year-old and 6,592 10-13-year-old offspring of women from a nationally representative sample of US households, we conducted sibling-comparison analyses. The analyses ruled out all genetic factors that could confound the association, as well as all environmental confounds that differ between unrelated nuclear families, providing a strong test of the causal hypothesis that the environments of children born at different maternal ages influence mother- and self-reported disruptive behaviors. RESULTS When these genetic and environmental confounds were ruled out as alternative explanations, the relation between environments within nuclear families specifically associated with MAC and disruptive behaviors was robust, with the association being stronger for second- and third-born children. CONCLUSIONS Environmental factors specifically associated with early MAC within nuclear families account for increased risk of offspring disruptive behaviors, especially in later-born children.
Megakaryocytic Leukemia 1 Directs a Histone H3 Lysine 4 Methyltransferase Complex to Regulate Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension

Enhanced interaction between vascular endothelial cells and circulating leukocytes, as a result of transcriptional activation of cell adhesion molecules (CAM), helps establish a proinflammatory milieu contributing to the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. The molecular switch that dictates CAM transactivation is not clearly defined. Our goal was to determine the involvement of the transcriptional modulator megakaryocytic leukemia 1 (MKL1), also known as myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), in CAM transactivation and the underlying mechanism. We report here that compared with wild-type littermates, MKL1/MRTF-A knockout mice were more resistant to the development of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension when exposed to low oxygen pressure. Notably, CAM induction in knockout mice was significantly attenuated with a concomitant reduction of leukocyte adhesion. In cultured vascular endothelial cells, overexpression of MKL1/MRTF-A enhanced, whereas depletion of MKL1/MRTF-A dampened, hypoxia-induced CAM transactivation. In response to hypoxia, MKL1/MRTF-A formed a complex with NF-&kgr;B on the CAM promoters. Of interest, MKL1/MRTF-A was responsible for recruiting a histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferase complex to the CAM promoters. Finally, endothelial-specific silencing of ASH2 and WDR5, 2 key components of the histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferase complex, ameliorated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that MKL1/MRTF-A, by coordinating key epigenetic alterations on CAM promoters, provides a critical link to hypoxia-induced endothelial malfunction and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.
Successful culture in vitro of sheep and cattle ova.

Fertilized sheep and cattle ova have not been reported to develop readily during culture in vitro. Up to 60% of sheep morulae develop normally during culture (Moor & Cragle, 1971) but earlier cleavage stages undergo limited development (Hancock, 1963; Kraemer, 1966; Tervit & McDonald, 1969; Moore, 1970) and it has been suggested that there is a block to development in vitro at the eightto twelve-cell stage (Wintenberger, Dauzier & Thibault, 1953). Only the early cleavage stages of cattle ova have been cultured and these have not been reported to develop beyond the twenty-four-cell stage in vitro (Thibault, 1966; Brinster, 1968; Sreenan, 1968; Sreenan, Scanlon & Gordon, 1968). This communication describes the successful culture of one-cell to eight-cell sheep ova and one-cell and eight-cell cattle ova to the morula and blastocyst stages and reports a high embryo survival after transfer of cultured ova to recipient animals.
EVOLUTION OF THE ITALIAN NATIONAL STANDARD OF INDUCTANCE

The realization of inductance unit and scale at the Istituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris (IEN), the Italian national metrology institution, has evolved during the last 35 years. An historical survey of realization and dissemination methods, and a graphical analysis of the stability of the mantained national inductance standard, is here reported. Results confirm the high stability of artifact standards.
Malaria Likelihood Prediction By Effectively Surveying Households Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

We build a deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent that can predict the likelihood of an individual testing positive for malaria by asking questions about their household. The RL agent learns to determine which survey question to ask next and when to stop to make a prediction about their likelihood of malaria based on their responses hitherto. The agent incurs a small penalty for each question asked, and a large reward/penalty for making the correct/wrong prediction; it thus has to learn to balance the length of the survey with the accuracy of its final predictions. Our RL agent is a Deep Q-network that learns a policy directly from the responses to the questions, with an action defined for each possible survey question and for each possible prediction class. We focus on Kenya, where malaria is a massive health burden, and train the RL agent on a dataset of 6481 households from the Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey 2015. To investigate the importance of having survey questions be adaptive to responses, we compare our RL agent to a supervised learning (SL) baseline that fixes its set of survey questions a priori. We evaluate on prediction accuracy and on the number of survey questions asked on a holdout set and find that the RL agent is able to predict with 80% accuracy, using only 2.5 questions on average. In addition, the RL agent learns to survey adaptively to responses and is able to match the SL baseline in prediction accuracy while significantly reducing survey length.
An indirect rotor position estimation technique for a fault-tolerant brushless PM motor drive

This paper proposes an indirect rotor position estimation method for a fault-tolerant brushless PM motor drive that has a dual motor module on a common shaft. The technique is based on flux linkage increments of phase windings and performing multiple rotor position estimations using pairs of phases in the motor drive. The paper provides the theory of the method and presents extensive test results to demonstrate its effectiveness using off line real data obtained under various practical operating conditions including faulty states and parameter variations.
Towards Automated Design, Analysis and Optimization of Declarative Curation Workflows

Data curation is increasingly important. Our previous work on a Kepler curation package has demonstrated advantages that come from automating data curation pipelines by using workflow systems. However, manually designed curation workflows can be error-prone and inefficient due to a lack of user understanding of the workflow system, misuse of actors, or human error. Correcting problematic workflows is often very time-consuming. A more proactive workflow system can help users avoid such pitfalls. For example, static analysis before execution can be used to detect the potential problems in a workflow and help the user to improve workflow design. In this paper, we propose a declarative workflow approach that supports semi-automated workflow design, analysis and optimization. We show how the workflow design engine helps users to construct data curation workflows, how the workflow analysis engine detects different design problems of workflows and how workflows can be optimized by exploiting parallelism.
Realistic Relighting of 2D Facial Images Using Ratio Optimization

In this paper, techniques of estimating the direction of light in 2D facial images and realistic reconstruction method are proposed. The irradiance environment map of the input image is approximated using the spherical harmonics(SH) lighting basis function. Using the ratio between the SH coefficient of the reference data set and the SH coefficient of the input image, the optimal direction of light is estimated. Then, by applying lighting functions, the reconstruction is can be made on the 2D facial image.
X-ray Structures of the Leucine-binding Protein Illustrate Conformational Changes and the Basis of Ligand Specificity*

The periplasmic leucine-binding protein is the primary receptor for the leucine transport system in Escherichia coli. We report here the structure of an open ligand-free form solved by molecular replacement and refined at 1.5-Å resolution. In addition, two closed ligand-bound structures of the same protein are presented, a phenylalanine-bound form at 1.8 Å and a leucine-bound structure at a nominal resolution of 2.4 Å. These structures show the basis of this protein's ligand specificity, as well as illustrating the conformational changes that are associated with ligand binding. Comparison with earlier structures provides further information about solution conformations, as well as the different specificity of the closely related leucine/isoleucine/valine-binding protein.
Correction of the nucleotide sequence of the Citrobacter freundii tryptophan operon regulatory region

We present a correction of the previously reported nucleotide sequence of the Citrobacter freundii trp operon regulatory region. The original sequence analyses were performed with a plasmid designated pCF2. We repeated the cloning of the trp regulatory region of C. freundii and concluded from the determined sequence that a DNA rearrangement had occurred within the leader region of the cloned trp DNA of pCF2. The correct sequence is homologous to the Escherichia coli sequence.
Gallium Compounds Exhibit Potential as New Therapeutic Agents against Mycobacterium abscessus

ABSTRACT The rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial species Mycobacterium abscessus has recently emerged as an important pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Treatment options are limited because of the organism's innate resistance to standard antituberculous antibiotics, as well as other currently available antibiotics. New antibiotic approaches to the treatment of M. abscessus are urgently needed. The goal of the present study was to assess the growth-inhibitory activity of different Ga compounds against an American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strain and clinical isolates of M. abscessus obtained from CF and other patients. In our results, using Ga(NO3)3 and all of the other Ga compounds tested inhibited the growth of ATCC 19977 and clinical isolates of M. abscessus. Inhibition was mediated by disrupting iron uptake, as the addition of exogenous iron (Fe) restored basal growth. There were modest differences in inhibition among the isolates for the same Ga chelates, and for most Ga chelates there was only a slight difference in potency from Ga(NO3)3. In contrast, Ga-protoporphyrin completely and significantly inhibited the ATCC strain and clinical isolates of M. abscessus at much lower concentrations than Ga(NO3)3. In in vitro broth culture, Ga-protoporphyrin was more potent than Ga(NO3)3. When M. abscessus growth inside the human macrophage THP-1 cell line was assessed, Ga-protoporphyrin was >20 times more active than Ga(NO3)3. The present work suggests that Ga exhibits potent growth-inhibitory capacity against the ATCC strain, as well as against antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates of M. abscessus, including the highly antibiotic-resistant strain MC2638. Ga-based therapy offers the potential for further development as a novel therapy against M. abscessus.
IKM at SemEval-2017 Task 8: Convolutional Neural Networks for stance detection and rumor verification

This paper describes our approach for SemEval-2017 Task 8. We aim at detecting the stance of tweets and determining the veracity of the given rumor. We utilize a convolutional neural network for short text categorization using multiple filter sizes. Our approach beats the baseline classifiers on different event data with good F1 scores. The best of our submitted runs achieves rank 1st among all scores on subtask B.
Optimal EOQ for Announced Price Increases in Infinite Horizon

In this paper we consider an infinite horizon economic order quantity (EOQ) model with single announced price increase, with an option of placing a special order just before the price increase takes effect. We extend earlier work where it is assumed that the special order is an integral multiple of the new EOQ quantity. In the process, we show that when the assumption of integrality is not valid, the earlier approach of minimizing the cost difference over a finite horizon is no longer valid and establish the periodicity of cost difference function. Next, we show that the Cesaro limit of the function exists and utilize that to derive the optimal special-order quantity. We find that the optimal special-ordering policy is of ( s,S) type.