Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does the combination of alendronate and parathyroid hormone give a greater benefit than either agent alone in osteoporosis?

In osteoporosis, both the bisphosphonate alendronate and parathyroid hormone(1–34) (PTH(1–34)) have been shown to reduce the incidence of fractures. As bisphosphonates and PTH have different mechanisms, it has been proposed that their effects in osteoporosis may be additive. However, a major clinical trial of PTH(1–84) and alendronate in postmenopausal women demonstrated that their effects were not additive. A further trial in men with osteoporosis showed that alendronate impaired the ability of PTH(1–34) to increase bone mineral density. The combination of alendronate and PTH does not have greater benefit than either agent alone, and may even be detrimental, thus should not be used.
TEX template Climate feedbacks in CCSM 3 under changing CO 2 forcing . Part 1 II : Variation of climate feedbacks and sensitivity with forcing

5 Are equilibrium climate sensitivity and the associated radiative feedbacks a constant property 6 of the climate system, or do they change with forcing magnitude and base climate? Using 7 the radiative kernel technique, feedbacks and climate sensitivity are evaluated in a fully 8 coupled general circulation model (GCM) for three successive doublings of carbon dioxide 9 starting from present day concentrations. Climate sensitivity increases by 23% between the 10 first and third CO2 doublings. Increases in the positive water vapor and cloud feedbacks are 11 partially balanced by a decrease in the positive surface albedo feedback and an increase in 12 the negative lapse rate feedback. Feedbacks can be decomposed into a radiative flux change 13 and a climate variable response to temperature change. The changes in water vapor and 14 Planck feedbacks are due largely to changes in the radiative response with climate state. 15 Higher concentrations of greenhouse gases and higher temperatures lead to more absorption 16 and emission of longwave radiation. Changes in cloud feedbacks are dominated by the 17 climate response to temperature change, while the lapse rate and albedo feedbacks combine 18 elements of both. Simulations with a slab ocean model (SOM) version of the GCM are used to 19 verify whether a SOM-GCM accurately reproduces the behavior of the fully coupled model. 20 Although feedbacks differ in magnitude between model configurations (with differences as 21 large as those between CO2 doublings for some feedbacks), changes in feedbacks between 22 CO2 doublings are consistent in sign and magnitude in the SOM-GCM and the fully coupled 23 model. 24
Exploitation de l’expertise humaine dans un processus de constitution de terminologie

Le processus de construction de terminologie ne peut être entièrement automatisé. Les méthodes et des outils de la terminologie computationnelle permettent de prendre en charge une partie de la tâche, mais l’expertise humaine garde une place prépondérant. Le défi pour les outils terminologiques est de dégrossir les tâches qui sont soit trop longues soit trop complexes pour l’utilisateur tout en permettant à ce dernier d’intégrer ses propres connaissances spécialisées et en lui laissant le contrôle sur la terminologie à construire. Nous montrons ici comment le rôle de cette expertise est pris en compte dans SynoTerm, l’outil d’acquisition de relation de synonymie entre termes que nous avons d ́eveloppé.
Scattering performance of a composed ferrite-dielectric rotary- field phase shifter section

The simulated scattering characteristics are presented for a section of circular waveguide filled with a rod consisting of a number of alternating ferrite and dielectric discs which are magnetized through a four pole magnetic field. The advantage of this waveguide structure is reduction of size to a fraction of the diameters needed for ferrite filled waveguide section. The simulated performance indicates application of this configuration as phase shifters and polarizers.
Australian health reforms: enhancing interprofessional practice and competency within the health workforce

Abstract Underpinned by increasing healthcare complexity and ongoing pressures to control the cost of healthcare, governments are increasingly calling for improved health service delivery models. A public policy paradigm of partnership-based, collaborative interprofessional working is central to revised models of health service delivery. Collaborative activity and service re-design do not occur by chance. They are complex and multi-faceted. Increasingly, calls for collaborative style health service re-design activities are being translated to a need to agree on a clear set of interprofessional competencies and develop a culture of interprofessional practice (IPP) across the sector. This report summarizes the requirements for developing a culture of interprofessional practice within the context of Australian healthcare reforms. It also highlights the role of well-developed interprofessional competency frameworks to support envisaged changes in practice. The report expands the discussion in this area by referring to the work of two other nations with prior developments in interprofessional workplace development and reform.
Transfer Learning and Distillation Techniques to Improve the Acoustic Modeling of Low Resource Languages

Deep neural networks (DNN) require large amount of training data to build robust acoustic models for speech recognition tasks. Our work is intended in improving the low-resource language acoustic model to reach a performance comparable to that of a high-resource scenario with the help of data/model parameters from other high-resource languages. we explore transfer learning and distillation methods, where a complex high resource model guides or supervises the training of low resource model. The techniques include (i) multi-lingual framework of borrowing data from high-resource language while training the low-resource acoustic model. The KL divergence based constraints are added to make the model biased towards low-resource language, (ii) distilling knowledge from the complex high-resource model to improve the low-resource acoustic model. The experiments were performed on three Indian languages namely Hindi, Tamil and Kannada. All the techniques gave improved performance and the multi-lingual framework with KL divergence regularization giving the best results. In all the three languages a performance close to or better than highresource scenario was obtained.
Corneal epithelial permeability during extended wear of disposable contact lenses versus daily wear of soft contact lenses.

AIMS--The corneal epithelial permeability during extended wear of disposable contact lenses was compared with that during daily wear of soft contact lenses. The study was performed to verify whether the extended wear of disposable contact lenses would result in a higher permeability value than the daily wear of soft contact lenses. A higher permeability makes the cornea more vulnerable for bacterial infections and thus could explain the higher incidence of bacterial keratitis found in extended wear of disposable contact lenses in comparison with the daily wear of soft contact lenses. METHOD--The corneal epithelial permeability was determined by fluorophotometry in 33 healthy volunteers after the wear of soft, daily wear contact lenses for at least 6 months. Thereafter the determination was repeated in each volunteer after extended wear of disposable contact lenses for 1 month. The permeability in 34 healthy non-contact lens wearing volunteers was determined as a control. The permeability value was calculated from the amount of fluorescein that passed into the cornea after application by means of an eyebath. RESULTS--The mean permeability values after daily and extended wear were 0.032 nm/s and 0.031 nm/s, respectively. The values were not significantly different (Wilcoxon paired test p > 0.5). The mean permeability for the non-contact lens wearing controls was 0.042 nm/s. CONCLUSION--The results do not sustain the explanation that a difference in permeability value is the main cause of the increased incidence of keratitis during extended wear of disposable contact lenses in comparison with daily wear.
Modeling Analysis on the Visitor Locations Register in 3G

In this paper, we researched the status of the Visitor Locations Register (VLR) in the third generation communication system (3G). Basing on automata theory, we offer the statues modeling of the VLR, is called Visitor Locations Register Automata (VLRA), which formally describes the states, the behavior, and the variation of the VLR in the authentication protocol. Finally, we formally analyzed the VLRA in the authentication process.
Inversion recovery EPI of bolus transit in rat myocardium using intravascular and extravascular gadolinium‐based MR contrast media: Dose effects on peak signal enhancement

Inversion recovery gradient recalled echo planar imaging (TI/TR/TE = 700/2000/10 ms) was used to dynamically monitor the first pass of an intravascular (GdDOTA‐polylysine) and an extravascular (GdDTPA‐BMA) contrast agent through normal rat myocardium. It was found that myocardial enhancement increased with dose of the intravascutar agent to a limiting value of ∼50% of fully relaxed intensity, consistent with enhancement of 40% of myocardial water content during the first pass. Larger doses produced no further increase in peak response. On the other hand, the extravascular agent caused incrementally increased enhancement throughout the dose range examined to a final value of 68 ± 2% of fully relaxed intensity. The profile of dose dependence for both agents was inconsistent with monoexponential T1 relaxation. It was concluded that (a) compartmentalization of myocardial water combined with restricted myocardial water diffusion limits the peak response during bolus transit; (b) extraction of the extravascular agent during transit elevates the peak response over that obtained from agent confined to the vascular volume; and (c) models that assume simple monoexponential r, relaxation to derive timedensity curves do not adequately describe the relationship between changes in signal intensity, R1 and contrast concentration.
A task‐based approach for finding SCCs in real‐world graphs on external memory

Finding strongly connected components (SCCs) in graphs is one of the important research topics of graph data mining. Traditional SCC‐finding methods need to load the whole graph into main memory before actual processing, which makes them inappropriate to process today's large graphs. Although it is cost‐effective to conductive SCC‐finding in the external memory (EM) graph processing systems, existing EM systems are still inefficient on such workload for 2 reasons: data‐parallel processing model and inefficient graph mutation mechanism.
Spatial learning‐induced increase in agmatine levels at hippocampal CA1 synapses

Agmatine, a metabolite of L‐arginine, is considered as a novel putative neurotransmitter. It has been detected in axon terminals that synapse with pyramidal cells in the hippocampus, a brain region that is critically involved in spatial learning and memory. However, the role of agmatine in learning and memory is poorly understood. Recently, we demonstrated water maze training‐induced increases in tissue levels of agmatine in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. This finding has raised an issue whether an endogenous agmatine could directly participate in learning and memory processes as a neurotransmitter. In the present study, quantitative immunogold‐labeling and electron‐microscopical techniques were used to analyze the levels of agmatine in CA1 stratum radiatum (SR) terminals (n = 600) of male Sprague–Dawley rats that had been trained to find a hidden escape platform in the water maze (WM) task or forced to swim (SW) in the pool with no platform presented. Agmatine levels were significantly increased by ∼85% in the synaptic terminals of SR of trained WM group compared with the SW control group (all P < 0.001). These results, for the first time, demonstrate spatial learning‐induced elevation in agmatine levels at synapses in the hippocampus and provide evidence of its participation in learning and memory processing as a novel neurotransmitter. Synapse, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High-Yield Production of Alpha-Galactosidase Excreted from Penicillium Chrysogenum and Aspergillus Niger

ABSTRACT α-Galactosidase production by the fungal strains Penicillium chrysogenum LN33 and Aspergillus niger M47 cultivated in shaking and stationary conditions using soya meal extract as nutrient medium was investigated. Submerged shake flask fermentation was preferred over stationary cultivation for P. chrysogenum LN33 as it gave a high α-galactosidase yield (4200U/l). Because of pellet formation the semicontinuous shake-flask fermentation was carried out for P. chrysogenum LN33 α-galactosidase production during 32 days. The maximum α-galactosidase activity by A. niger M47 (7000U/l) was obtained in stationary conditions of cultivation which is 27–28% greater as compared with the enzyme titer in shaking cultures. Air-lift laboratory bioreactor cultivation of both P. chrysogenum LN33 and A. niger M47 resulted in high-yield production of α-galactosidase (8700U/l and 11200U/l, respectively), which is of particular interest for biotechnological application in food processing.
QoS priority‐based coordinated scheduling and hybrid spectrum access for femtocells in dense cooperative 5G cellular networks

A third‐generation partnership project long‐term evolution system uses the concept of a 2‐tier heterogeneous network, where low‐power and short‐range femtocells are laid under macrocells to fulfill the quality of service (QoS) requirements of users and to boost overall network throughput. However, cochannel deployment gives rise to the problem of cross‐tier interference that significantly deteriorates the performance of the cellular network. The coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission scheme is proposed as a promising solution to alleviate cross‐tier interference by doing cooperation among the neighbor base stations. In this paper, we propose a QoS priority‐based coordinated scheduling and hybrid spectrum access (QoS‐CSaHSA) scheme for downlink CoMP transmission in 2‐tier networks. The proposed QoS‐CSaHSA scheme dynamically reduces the femtocells' power requirements by considering the neighbor cell interference, and it also balances the macrocell load by switching the femtocells to HA mode. Moreover, it can reduce unnecessary muting of the base stations because it only enables the coordinated scheduling CoMP when there is no other possibility to reduce the cross‐tier interference. System‐level simulation results prove the validity of the proposed QoS‐CSaHSA scheme in a heterogeneous network environment. Compared with the existing schemes that operate the femtocells in a closed‐subscriber group without considering users' QoS requirements, the proposed scheme almost doubles the cell‐edge user throughput and reduces the packet loss rate and call‐blocking probability.
Quantification of the expression level of the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of telomerase in testicular tissue specimens predicts successful sperm recovery.

BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to evaluate the quantitative detection of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA as a new molecular diagnostic parameter in the work-up of testicular tissue specimens from patients presenting with non-obstructive azoospermia. M ETHODS: hTERT mRNA expression was quantified in 49 cryopreserved testicular tissue specimens by fluorescence real-time RT-PCR in a LightCycler. This was paralleled by conventional histological work-up in all tissue specimens and additional semithin sectioning preparation in cases with maturation arrest (n = 20) and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS; n = 12). RESULTS The average normalized hTERT expression (N(hTERT)) was 136.1 +/- 41.7 copies (mean +/- standard deviation) in tissue specimens with presence of haploid germs cells, N(hTERT) = 48.2 +/- 21.0 copies in those with maturation arrest and N(hTERT) = 2.7 +/- 2.8 copies in those with SCOS. The discriminant analysis showed that detection of N(hTERT) was able correctly to classify 89.0% of the investigated tissue specimens. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that quantitative detection of hTERT mRNA expression in testicular tissue enables a molecular-diagnostic subclassification of spermatogenesis disorders. Quantitative detection of hTERT in testicular biopsies is thus well suited for predicting successful sperm recovery in patients with azoospermia and is a useful molecular diagnostic parameter for supplementing the histopathological evaluation.
Negative Regulation of Platelet Clearance and of the Macrophage Phagocytic Response by the Transmembrane Glycoprotein SHPS-1*

SHPS-1 is a receptor-type glycoprotein that binds and activates the protein-tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, and thereby negatively modulates intracellular signaling initiated by various cell surface receptors coupled to tyrosine kinases. SHPS-1 also regulates intercellular communication in the neural and immune systems through its association with CD47 (integrin-associated protein) on adjacent cells. Furthermore, recent studies with fibroblasts derived from mice expressing an SHPS-1 mutant that lacks most of the cytoplasmic region suggested that the intact protein contributes to cytoskeletal function. Mice homozygous for this SHPS-1 mutation have now been shown to manifest thrombocytopenia. These animals did not exhibit a defect in megakaryocytopoiesis or in platelet production. However, platelets were cleared from the bloodstream more rapidly in the mutant mice than in wild-type animals. Furthermore, peritoneal macrophages from the mutant mice phagocytosed red blood cells more effectively than did those from wild-type mice; in addition, they exhibited an increase both in the rate of cell spreading and in the formation of filopodia-like structures at the cell periphery. These results indicate that SHPS-1 both contributes to the survival of circulating platelets and down-regulates the macrophage phagocytic response.
Research on the relationship of the singular point for load flow Jacobian matrix and the critical point of voltage collapse

One method of the static voltage stability analysis is to take the singular point of the static power flow Jacobian matrix as the collapse point of the system. This results in a certain error as the system dynamics is neglected. In the small disturbance analysis, the dynamics of generator, excitation system, speed governor and so on were considered, and the point corresponding to the operating point when the eigenvalue of the system state matrix passes through the vertical axis is regarded as the real collapse point of system. This paper makes a comparison for the two methods. As a result the error of the static voltage stability analysis method using Jacobian matrix could be calculated, and the distance between the singular point of the static power flow Jacobian matrix and the collapse point of the system can be clearly analyzed.
Human lysosomal acid phosphatase is transported as a transmembrane protein to lysosomes in transfected baby hamster kidney cells.

BHK cells transfected with human lysosomal acid phosphatase (LAP) cDNA (CT29) expressed 70‐fold higher enzyme activities of acid phosphatase than non‐transfected BHK cells. The CT29‐LAP was synthesized in BHK cells as a heterogeneously glycosylated precursor that was tightly membrane associated. Transfer to the trans‐Golgi was associated with a small increase in size (approximately 7 kd) and partial processing of the oligosaccharides to complex type structures. CT29‐LAP was transferred into lysosomes as shown by subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Lack of mannose‐6‐phosphate residues suggested that transport does not involve mannose‐6‐phosphate receptors. Part of the membrane‐associated CT29‐LAP was processed to a soluble form. The mechanism that converts CT29‐LAP into a soluble form was sensitive to NH4Cl, and reduced the size of the polypeptide by 7 kd. In vitro translation of CT29‐derived cRNA in the presence of microsomal membranes yielded a CT29‐LAP precursor that is protected from proteinase K except for a small peptide of approximately 2 kd. In combination with the sequence data available for LAP, these observations suggest that CT29‐LAP is synthesized and transported to lysosomes as a transmembrane protein. In the lysosomes, CT29‐LAP is released from the membrane by proteolytic cleavage, which removes a C‐terminal peptide including the transmembrane domain and the cytosolic tail of 18 amino acids.
Semantic Similarity Measurement of Chinese Financial News Titles Based on Event Frame Extracting

The Chinese financial news titles has only few words so that it is hard for measuring the similarity between titles if compare all their keywords only. In this study, we proposed a method of semantic similarity measurement for Chinese financial news titles based on constructing the event frame structure as the template of a Chinese financial news title. It concerns the relation between the basic meanings of two news titles for similarity measurement. In addition, a semantic similarity function is used to integrate both the relation of event frames of the financial news titles and the relation between the keywords of these titles. In this matter, the proposed method can differentiate the Chinese financial news that mention the same event from all other Chinese financial news by the event frame, since it concerns the relation between the basic meanings of two news titles and reduces the comparing time. The result of this approach shows that the event frame extracting has high precision and the provided semantic similarity measurement can emphasize the relation between the connotations of two news titles
Définition et fusion de systèmes diagnostic à l'aide d'un processus de fouille de données : Application aux systèmes diagnostics

De nos jours, la fouille de donnee est utilisee par de nombreuses applications, et dans divers domaines. En medecine par exemple, elle connait de grands developpements. Neanmoins, les applications medicales realisant la fouille de donnee demeurent souvent au stade experimental. Ces prototypes sont rarement integres a la pratique quotidienne des professionnels de sante, et ceci pour plusieurs raisons : la difficulte de representation de certaines notions plus ou moins objectives telles que la graduation et la quantification ; la fiabilite des nouvelles connaissances ; etc. . Notre travail a consiste, entre autres, en la conception de deux systemes d'aide au diagnostic. Tous deux integrent la theorie des ensembles flous, afin de modeliser l'incertitude et de produire une analyse, qui se rapproche du raisonnement humain. Cependant, le premier de ces systemes repose sur une base de cas, tandis que le second est un systeme de raisonnement a base de regles. Nous nous sommes par ailleurs interesses a la fusion de connaissances homogenes issues de systemes de diagnostic distincts. Un tel procede permet de regrouper diverses experiences dans un meme systeme, tout en tenant compte des caracteristiques des differentes sources. Nous faisons alors l'economie d'une laborieuse et couteuse reconstruction des bases de connaissances. Par la suite, nous avons applique ce procede de fusion sur des connaissances issues des deux systemes de diagnostic decrits precedemment. Nous avons pu alors evaluer le fonctionnement de cet ensemble en l'appliquant sur une veritable base de donnees medicale. En guise de conclusion de notre these, nous nous sommes longuement interroges sur les moyens concrets d'integrer de tels systemes a un environnement medical, en considerant les contraintes associees a ce domaine d'application.