Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of density matrix methods for linear scaling electronic structure calculations

Purification and minimization methods for linear scaling computation of the one-particle density matrix for a fixed Hamiltonian matrix are compared. This is done by considering the work needed by each method to achieve a given accuracy in terms of the difference from the exact solution. Numerical tests employing orthogonal as well as non-orthogonal versions of the methods are performed using both element magnitude and cutoff radius based truncation approaches. It is investigated how the convergence speed for the different methods depends on the eigenvalue distribution in the Hamiltonian matrix. An expression for the number of iterations required for the minimization methods studied is derived, taking into account the dependence on both the band gap and the chemical potential. This expression is confirmed by numerical tests. The minimization methods are found to perform at their best when the chemical potential is located near the center of the eigenspectrum. The results indicate that purification is considerably more efficient than the minimization methods studied even when a good starting guess for the minimization is available. In test calculations without a starting guess, purification is more than an order of magnitude more efficient than minimization.
Health Status, Its Perceptions, and Effect on Return to Work and Recurrent Sick Leave

Study Design. Prospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up. Objectives. The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement in several health outcomes during sick leave resulting from musculoskeletal disorders and in the first months after return to work (RTW), and to evaluate the personal and work-related factors associated with these health outcomes, in order to provide some insight in the timing of RTW. Summary of Background Data. Although improvements in pain perception and functional disability appear to be associated with time of RTW, little is known about the required improvement enabling RTW, the additional health improvement after RTW, and whether the health status at the time of RTW is associated with the probability of a recurrence of sick leave. Methods. Workers were included when on sickness absence between 2 to 6 weeks due to musculoskeletal disorders. Self-administered questionnaires at baseline, after RTW, and at 12-month follow-up were used to collect information on changes in symptom status, functional status, and general health. Results. All health outcomes were improved significantly at the time of RTW, whereas perceived pain, functional disability, and physical health also improved significantly in the first months after RTW. Previous sick leave 12 months before study entry was significantly associated with the level of functional disability and general health at time of RTW and also predictive for recurrence of sickness absence. Personal and work-related factors showed little, if any, association with health status at RTW and improvement thereafter. Conclusions. Being fully recovered is not a stipulation for regaining work activities. We hypothesize that workers with musculoskeletal disorders may need additional medical guidance shortly after RTW, especially those with a history of sick leave.
A simple technique for making very fine, durable dissecting needles by sharpening tungsten wire electrolytically.

The use of fine needles made from tungsten wire has been known to experimental biologists for several years (see, for instance, Tindall a), but does not seem to be widely known among malaria entomologists.b Tungsten dissecting needles can be made finer than the finest entomological pins and have the great advantage that they are very resilient and strongly resist bending. Fixed in a mounted needleholder and used regularly in dissection they outlast entomological pins used similarly many times over. They can, moreover, be made to any desired thick-
School food research: building the evidence base for policy

Abstract Objective Following an international workshop on developing the evidence base for policy relating to school food held in London, UK, in January 2012, the objectives of the present paper were (i) to outline a rationale for school food research, monitoring and evaluation in relation to policy and (ii) to identify ways forward for future working. Design The authors analysed presentations, summaries of evidence, and notes from discussions held at the international workshop in London in 2012 to distil common themes and make recommendations for the development of coherent research programmes relating to food and nutrition in schools. Setting International, with an emphasis on middle- and high-income countries. Results Overviews of existing school food and nutrition programmes from the UK, Hungary, Sweden, the USA, Australia, Brazil, China, Mexico and other countries were presented, along with information on monitoring, evaluation and other research to demonstrate the impact of school feeding on health, attainment, food sourcing, procurement and finances, in the context of interactions between the evidence base and policy decisions. This provided the material which, together with summaries and notes of discussions, was used to develop recommendations for the development and dissemination of robust approaches to sustainable and effective school food and nutrition programmes in middle- and high-income countries, including policy guidelines, standards, cost-effectiveness measures and the terms of political engagement. Conclusions School food and nutrition can provide a cohesive core for health, education and agricultural improvement provided: (i) policy is appropriately framed and includes robust monitoring and evaluation; and (ii) all stakeholders are adequately engaged in the process. International exchange of information will be used to develop a comprehensive guide to the assessment of the impact of school food and nutrition policy and supporting infrastructure.
Intragenomic conflict under paternal genome elimination

Insect reproduction is extremely variable, but the implications of alternative genetic systems are often overlooked in studies on the evolution of insecticide resistance. Both ecotypes of Pediculus humanus (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae), the human head and body lice, are human ectoparasites, the control of which is challenged by the recent spread of resistance alleles. The present study conclusively establishes for the first time that both head and body lice reproduce through paternal genome elimination (PGE), an unusual genetic system in which males transmit only their maternally derived chromosomes. Here, we investigate inheritance patterns of parental genomes using a genotyping approach across families of both ecotypes and show that heterozygous males exclusively or preferentially pass on one allele only, whereas females transmit both in a Mendelian fashion. We do however observe occasional transmission of paternal chromosomes through males, representing the first known case of PGE in which whole-genome meiotic drive is incomplete. Finally, we discuss the potential implications of this finding for the evolution of resistance and invite the development of new theoretical models of how this knowledge might contribute to increasing the success of pediculicide-based management schemes.
Assessment of Inflammatory and Fibrotic Stenoses in Patients with Crohn’s Disease Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound and Computerized Algorithm: A Pilot Study

Purpose: The development of stenosis is a typical complication of Crohn’s disease and represents a serious diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of the present study was to define objective quantitative measures of stricture characteristics (fibrostenotic/cicartricial vs. inflammatory) using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in patients with stenotic Crohn’s disease. Materials and Methods: During a period of 18 months, 18 consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease and manifestation of a localized significant small bowel stenosis were prospectively recruited. Standardized ultrasound (US) examination, color-coded duplex sonography and CEUS using SonoVue® were performed. Quantitative measurements of bowel wall vascularity were determined using computerized algorithms (Bracco QONTRAST software). The quality of stenosis (fibrostenotic vs. inflammatory) was classified in a 4-point scale, and the diagnostic/prognostic power of the US and clinical tests upon initial presentation were compared. Results: We established a novel standardized CEUS procedure using computerized algorithms to quantitatively examine stenoses in Crohn’s disease. An inflammatory origin of stenosis correlated significantly with a high Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (p < 0.01), the length of stenosis (p < 0.01) as well as the Limberg score (p < 0.01). There was no correlation between the type of stenosis and quantitative results of CEUS. Conclusion: Although bowel wall vascularity can be quantitatively assessed in stenotic areas by CEUS, this analysis does not improve the diagnostic power for the objective determination of the quality of stenosis at a single measurement. Semiquantitative analysis of bowel wall vascularity, length of stenosis, and CDAI may help to discriminate the origin of small bowel stenosis in Crohn’s disease.
Stereoscopic focus moment identification based on pupil dynamics measures

Consumption time of stereoscopic content is increasing with the new technologies being introduced to the market, visual comfort in viewing stereoscopic images and videos is currently a subject of very high importance. Different stereoscopic viewing techniques, e.g. head mounted displays, stereoscopic monitors and projectors and large cinema screens requires individual setups for comfort image perception. The aim of the investigation, presented in this paper is to indicate measurable features of the eye activity which may correlate with visual discomfort during stereoscopic perception. In addition, a technique for focus moment identification was proposed that is based on real-time measures of eye activity. 120 stereoscopic images of publicly available dataset which had subjective evaluation of visual discomfort was shown until participants indicated they have had focused on shown stereoscopic content Pupillometric and gaze data of subjects were collected using eye tracker. Measured data shows a distinct constriction of pupil diameter, when subjects were exposed to the stereoscopic content, followed by a dilation, half of initial pupil size, until subjects indicated the time of focus. Based on these findings afore mentioned focus moment identification technique was proposed. Also, our findings of pupil dilation agrees with existing research where relationship was found between cognitive activity and pupil dilation.
Evaluation of the rapid Patho Dx Latex Strep Grouping Kit

A variety of clinical specimens from throat, nose, ear, eye, wounds, urine, and vagina were collected, cultured, and screened for beta-hemolytic streptococci. The Patho Dx Latex Strep Grouping Kit (Diagnostic Product Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.) technique was applied to colonies taken right from the primary cultures. Isolated strains were sent to the reference laboratory where they were grouped by standard techniques. The kappa coefficient of agreement between the Patho Dx Kit and the standard method was 0.958. We believe that, although better agreement was achieved by others with isolated colonies, a very good agreement is also achieved with primary cultures. The fact that the laboratory is able to report an accurate answer after only 24 h seems most advantageous.
Fast Fuzzy Multicategory SVM Based on Support Vector Domain Description

This paper proposes a fast fuzzy classifier of multicategory support vector machines (FMSVM) based on support vector domain description (SVDD). The main idea is that the proposed FMSVM is obtained by directly considering all data in one optimization formulation, using a fuzzy membership to each input point. The fuzzy membership is determined by support vector domain description (SVDD). For making support vector machine (SVM) more practical, we use an implement of the modified sequential minimal optimization (SMO) that can quickly solve SVM quadratic programming (QP) problems without any extra matrix storage or the use of numerical QP optimization steps at all. Compared with the existing SVMs, the newly proposed FMSVM that uses the L2-norm in the objective function shows improvement with regards to accuracy of classification and reduction of the effects of noises and outliers. The experiment also shows the efficiency of the modified SMO for expediting the training of SVM.
Phenotyping mouse chromosome substitution strains reveal multiple QTLs for febrile seizure susceptibility

Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common seizure type in children and recurrent FS are a risk factor for developing temporal lobe epilepsy. Although the mechanisms underlying FS are largely unknown, recent family, twin and animal studies indicate that genetics are important in FS susceptibility. Here, a forward genetic strategy was used employing mouse chromosome substitution strains (CSS) to identify novel FS susceptibility quantitative trait loci (QTLs). FS were induced by exposure to warm air at postnatal day 14. Video electroencephalogram monitoring identified tonic–clonic convulsion onset, defined as febrile seizure latency (FSL), as a reliable phenotypic parameter to determine FS susceptibility. FSL was determined in both sexes of the host strain (C57BL/6J), the donor strain (A/J) and CSS. C57BL/6J mice were more susceptible to FS than A/J mice. Phenotypic screening of the CSS panel identified six strains (CSS1, ‐2, ‐6 ‐10, ‐13 and ‐X) carrying QTLs for FS susceptibility. CSS1, ‐10 and ‐13 were less susceptible (protective QTLs), whereas CSS2, ‐6 and ‐X were more susceptible (susceptibility QTLs) to FS than the C57BL/6J strain. Our data show that mouse FS susceptibility is determined by complex genetics, which is distinct from that for chemically induced seizures. This is the first data set using CSS to screen for a seizure trait in mouse pups. It provides evidence for common FS susceptibility QTLs that serve as starting points to fine map FS susceptibility QTLs and to identify FS susceptibility genes. This will increase our understanding of human FS, working toward the identification of new therapeutic targets.
Expression and targeting of intracellular antibodies in mammalian cells.

Genes encoding the heavy and light chains of a hapten‐specific IgM antibody were modified by site‐directed mutagenesis to destroy the hydrophobic leader sequences and allow expression in the cytoplasm of non‐lymphoid cells. The in situ assembly of the mutant heavy and light chains was tested in transfected cell lines by immunofluorescence using anti‐idiotypic antibodies. A positive diffuse cytoplasmic staining was observed. This demonstrated that the antibody polypeptide chains could assemble in the cell cytoplasm and led us to ask whether antibodies could be further targeted to the nucleus. Mutations were therefore made in which the leader sequence of the light chain was replaced by the nuclear localization signal of the SV40 large T antigen. Transfectants in which the heavy chain lacking the hydrophobic leader was expressed together with a light chain carrying the nuclear localization signal were selected and a nuclear distribution of the assembled antibody was found. Thus, it should prove possible to target a specific antibody to the cell nucleus with the aim of interfering with the function of a nuclear antigen.
Size differences in wild and farmed red abalone: Developing enforcement tools to combat illegal commercialization

Enforcement tools are needed to combat the illegal commercialization of wild red abalone, Haliotis rufescens, taken in the recreational fishery in northern California. We examine size differences between wild and farmed red abalone shells, meats and meat slices. Wild red abalone are larger in multiple measures of size distinguishing them from legally sold farmed red abalone. We find that abalone meat weights and lengths are correlated to shell length so that the original shell length of the abalone can be estimated even when the shells are not available to enforcement officers for prosecution.
The predictive power of the presences on cognitive load

Kozan, Kadir. Ph.D., Purdue University, May 2015. The Predictive Power of the Presences on Cognitive Load. Major Professor: Jennifer Richardson. The current study had a multi-purpose and complementary research agenda focusing on the predictive power of teaching, cognitive and social presence on intrinsic, extraneous and germane cognitive load. More specifically, this study investigated the predictive relationships between the presences and cognitive load types through multiple regression analyses. This provided insights into the predictive validity of the presences with regard to cognitive load. Five graduate-level fully online courses delivering instruction in the field of learning, design and technology comprised the research context. Data from 103 graduate students were used for multiple regression purposes. Results revealed that (a) the presences can significantly predict extraneous and germane load with and without perceived learning and satisfaction; (b) the presences can significantly predict intrinsic load as a group without controlling for perceived learning and satisfaction, and together with perceived learning and satisfaction after controlling for it; (c) cognitive presence is the best predictor of both intrinsic and germane load with increased cognitive presence associated with increased intrinsic and germane load; (d) teaching presence is the best predictor of extraneous load with increases in teaching presence associated with decreases in extraneous load; and (e) perceived learning and
Application of high pressure deuterium annealing for improving the hot carrier reliability of CMOS transistors

We present the effect of high pressure deuterium annealing on hot carrier reliability improvements of CMOS transistors. High pressure annealing increases the rate of deuterium incorporation at the SiO/sub 2//Si interface. We have achieved a significant lifetime improvement (90/spl times/) from fully processed wafers (four metal layers) with nitride sidewall spacers and SiON cap layers. The improvement was determined by comparing to wafers that were annealed in a conventional hydrogen forming gas anneal. The annealing time to achieve the same level of improvement is also significantly reduced. The increased incorporation of D at high pressure was confirmed by the secondary ion mass spectrometry characterization.
Postadmission Dehydration: Risk Factors, Indicators, and Outcomes

&NA; Detecting and treating dehydration in hospitalized patients is critical because of the adverse outcomes associated with this condition. Using a case‐control design, this study estimated the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of dehydration in hospitalized adults. The overall incidence rate for developing one of three ICD‐9 codes for dehydration during a hospital stay was 3.5%. Cases and controls differed significantly on a number of clinical variables on admission; a large percentage of patients may have had dehydration on admission to the hospital. Mortality rates at 30 and 180 days postdischarge were significantly higher when dehydration was present. Patients may be discharged to rehabilitation settings in a dehydrated state, which prolongs recovery. Despite the increased risk for dehydration and higher rates of hospitalization in older populations, little systematic research has addressed the risk factors for and indicators of dehydration in hospitalized patients.
Adaline for symmetrical components detection in High Voltage transmission line faults

We present in this paper an ADAptive-LInear-NEuron (Adaline) method for symmetrical components identification in High Voltage (HV) transmission line faults. This method uses a current transformations in a Parks reference frame where the direct and inverse current components are linearly separated. Four Adalines are built in order to learn DQ currents. After the learning process, the Adaline weights are stabilized and allow identifying the RMS values and the phase angles of the direct and inverse currents. The weights are updated on line and track the power grid parameters evolution. This neural approach is compared with the three phase PLL. Simulation results show that our method is fast and efficient for transmission line faults detection and it is able to improve the response capabilities of the protection relay.
catena-Poly[disilver(I)(Ag–Ag)-bis(μ3-quinoline-3-carboxylato)-1:2:1′κ3 O:O′:N;2:1′′:2′′κ3 N:O:O′]

In the title compound, [Ag2(C10H6NO2)2]n, the AgI atom is coordinated by one N atom and two O atoms from three quinoline-3-carboxylate ligands in a T-shaped fashion, with an additional Ag⋯Ag distance of 2.9468 (6) Å. The ligands connect the AgI atoms into a double-chain structure along [010]. Weak Ag⋯O interactions [Ag⋯O = 2.802 (3) and 2.877 (4) Å] link the double-chains into a layer network parallel to (101). π–π interactions are also observed in the layer network [centroid–centroid distances = 3.780 (3) and 3.777 (3) Å].
Spin polarization in Cu core-level photoemission with linearly polarized soft x rays.

We report on the first observation of electron spin polarization in photoemission from inner shells of a nonmagnetic solid with linearly polarized radiation. The effect is observed in normal emission from the 2p and 3p core levels of Cu(001) excited with p-polarized soft-x-ray radiation at oblique incidence. We interpret the effect in terms of spin-orbit interaction and interference of continuum partial waves. The results are relevant for the understanding of magnetic dichroism and spin polarization in core-level photoemission from ferromagnets.
Griseofulvin and terbinafine in the treatment of tinea capitis in children.

AIM To compare the effectiveness of griseofulvin and terbinafine in the treatment of tinea capitis in children. METHOD Twenty four consecutive patients with culture proven tinea capitis were treated randomly with griseofulvin (10 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks) or terbinafine (62.5-250 mg/day for 4 weeks). Outcome was determined by absence of clinical signs, hair regrowth or negative mycology. RESULTS Twenty four patients (16 male, 8 female) were treated. Age ranged between 2 and 15 years (mean 4.8). Seven patients presented with kerion, the remainder with a scaling and patchy alopecia pattern of tinea capitis. The responsible organisms were Microsporum canis (17 cases) and Trichophyton verrucosum (7 cases). Fourteen children were treated with griseofulvin and 10 with terbinafine. By three months follow up, 19 patients had cleared completely with good new hair regrowth. Three children had no active disease but only minimal new hair growth. One child (griseofulvin group) had no hair regrowth but was culture negative. She had sustained significant dermal and subcutaneous skin damage requiring plastic surgery. The other (terbinafine group) had ongoing active kerion. CONCLUSION Both griseofulvin and terbinafine are equally effective in the treatment of tinea capitis.
Iron loss calculation in a flux-concentration-type LOA

A novel permanent-magnet flux-concentration-type linear oscillatory actuator (LOA) for a compressor is analyzed in this paper. The losses of a flux-concentration-type LOA which is driven by sinusoidal and rectangular-shaped current are compared using finite-element method (FEM). In this computation, the equation of magnetic field is coupled with the equation of the driving electric circuit and the equation of motion. The results are compared with respect to iron losses. The eddy-current loss and hysteresis loss of both the sinusoidal current and rectangular current was calculated using two-dimensional FEM.