Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation of KCNN3/SK3/KCa2.3 channels attenuates enhanced calcium influx and inflammatory cytokine production in activated microglia

In neurons, small‐conductance calcium‐activated potassium (KCNN/SK/KCa2) channels maintain calcium homeostasis after N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation, thereby preventing excitotoxic neuronal death. So far, little is known about the function of KCNN/SK/KCa2 channels in non‐neuronal cells, such as microglial cells. In this study, we addressed the question whether KCNN/SK/KCa2 channels activation affected inflammatory responses of primary mouse microglial cells upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. We found that N‐cyclohexyl‐N‐[2‐(3,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐6‐methyl‐4‐pyrimidinamine (CyPPA), a positive pharmacological activator of KCNN/SK/KCa2 channels, significantly reduced LPS‐stimulated activation of microglia in a concentration‐dependent manner. The general KCNN/SK/KCa2 channel blocker apamin reverted these effects of CyPPA on microglial proliferation. Since calcium plays a central role in microglial activation, we further addressed whether KCNN/SK/KCa2 channel activation affected the changes of intracellular calcium levels, [Ca2+]i,, in microglial cells. Our data show that LPS‐induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was attenuated following activation of KCNN2/3/KCa2.2/KCa2.3 channels by CyPPA. Furthermore, CyPPA reduced downstream events including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 cytokine production and nitric oxide release in activated microglia. Further, we applied specific peptide inhibitors of the KCNN/SK/KCa2 channel subtypes to identify which particular channel subtype mediated the observed anti‐inflammatory effects. Only inhibitory peptides targeting KCNN3/SK3/KCa2.3 channels, but not KCNN2/SK2/KCa2.2 channel inhibition, reversed the CyPPA‐effects on LPS‐induced microglial proliferation. These findings revealed that KCNN3/SK3/KCa2.3 channels can modulate the LPS‐induced inflammatory responses in microglial cells. Thus, KCNN3/SK3/KCa2.3 channels may serve as a therapeutic target for reducing microglial activity and related inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Workplace Ostracism and Job Outcomes: Moderating Effects of Psychological Capital

This study examined the relationship between workplace ostracism, psychological capital, job performance, job stress and turnover intention. With two waves survey (N = 229 paired responses) of full time employee working in different organizations of Pakistan, present research examined the relationship of workplace ostracism with job outcomes (job performance, job stress and turnover intention) by focusing the moderating effect of psychological capital. Results provided strong support for our proposed hypotheses. Results suggested that workplace ostracism shows significantly positive relationship with job stress and turnover intention and negative relationship with job performance. Moreover, the negative relationship between workplace ostracism and job performance was weaker when psychological capital was high. Similarly the relationship between workplace ostracism with job stress and turnover intention was weaker when psychological capital was high.
Parsing named entity as syntactic structure

Named entity recognition (NER) plays an important role in many natural language processing applications. This paper presents a novel approach to Chinese NER. It differentiates from most of the previous approaches mainly in three respects. First of all, while previous work is good at modeling features between observation elements, our model incorporates syntactic structure as higher level information. It is crucial for recognizing long named entities, which are one of the main difficulties of NER. Secondly, NER and syntactic analysis have been modeled separately in natural language processing until now. We integrate them in a unified framework. It allows the information from each type of annotation to improve performance on the other, and produces the consistent output. Finally, few studies have been reported on the recognition of nested named entities in Chinese. This paper presents a structured prediction model for Chinese nested named entity recognition. Our approach have been implemented through a joint representation of syntactic and named entity structures. We have provided empirical evidence that parsing model can utilize syntactic constraints for recognizing named entities, and exploit the composition patterns of named entities. Experiment results demonstrate the mutual benefits for each task and output syntactic structure of named entities.
Enzyme producing bacteria in the gastrointestinal tracts of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) and Channa punctatus (Bloch)

Isolation and enumeration of heterotrophic bacteria from the gastrointestinal tracts of rohu, Labeo rohita and murrel, Channa punctatus have been carried out to find out their importance in the nutrition of the host fish. Amylolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic bacteria were detected in the fish gut. Among specific enzyme producing bacteria, proteolytic and cellulolytic bacteria were present at higher number within the gut of murrel and rohu respectively. Selected intestinal isolates were analyzed for extracellular enzyme producing capacities. Protease and cellulase activities were exhibited by all bacterial isolates, while amylase production remained poorly detected by the strains isolated from murrel. Results of the study indicated the probability of digestive enzyme supplementation by the intestinal bacteria in the fish gut. The information generated from the present investigation might contribute towards utilization of these extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria in commercial aquaculture.
Rent appropriation of knowledge-based assets and firm performance when institutions are weak: A study of Chinese publicly listed firms

Research summary: A firm's strategic investments in knowledge-based assets through research and development (R&D) can generate economic rents for the firm, and thus are expected to affect positively a firm's financial performance. However, weak protection of minority shareholders, weak property rights, and ineffective law enforcement can allow those rents to be appropriated disproportionately by a firm's powerful insiders such as large owners and top managers. Recent data on Chinese publicly listed firms during 2007–2012 were used to demonstrate that the expected positive relationship between knowledge assets and performance is weaker in transition economies when a firm's ownership is highly concentrated and its managers have wide discretion. Moreover, rent appropriation by insiders was shown to vary with the levels of institutional development in which a firm operates. Managerial summary: Investing in knowledge-based intangible assets (e.g., R&D) is an important value-creation activity for the firm. Such value creation process can be facilitated by large shareholders and powerful managers, who can then take an advantageous position with critical insider information on these valuable intangible assets and therefore enjoy more opportunities to appropriate more value from them, leaving less value for other minority shareholders. The value distribution becomes increasingly skewed against minority shareholders when the institutional protection for them is weak. Indeed, in a large sample of Chinese publicly listed firms, we found that R&D investment becomes less positively associated with firm financial performance with the presence of large shareholders, high managerial equity, or CEO/Chairman duality, especially in Chinese provinces with weak institutional development. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Additive effect of dornase alfa and Nacystelyn on transportability and viscoelasticity of cystic fibrosis sputum.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of dornase alfa (DA), Nacystelyn (NAL) and their combination on mucociliary transportability and mucus viscoelasticity of cystic fibrosis (CF) sputum, and to assess whether the combination possesses an additive effect. DESIGN Determination of transportability in frog palate and viscoelasticity in vitro. SETTING Research laboratory at a medical centre. PATIENTS Sputa from 15 patients with CF, chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were studied. INTERVENTIONS Sputum samples were incubated without any drug solution as a control, and with normal saline, DA, NAL and a mixture of DA and NAL in concentrations approximating those achieved in clinical practice. RESULTS Normal saline (10% volume) by itself had a small effect on CF sputum transportability with a mean increase of 9%, and on viscoelasticity with a mean of decrease of 0.22 log units, respectively, compared with control (incubation without saline). DA (200 nM) further increased the transportability by a mean of 35% versus saline and decreased viscoelasticity by a mean of 0.30 log units. NAL (100 M) increased the transportability by a mean of 32% and decreased viscoelasticity by a mean of 0.22 log units from the levels achieved with saline. The mixture of DA plus NAL at one-half of the above concentration of each agent produced an additional increase in the transportability, by a mean of 18%, and a further decrease in viscoelasticity, by a mean of 0.25 log units, compared with DA or NAL as a single treatment. CONCLUSIONS The combination of DA and NAL exhibits an additive effect for both the viscoelasticity and transportability of CF sputum samples. The two agents appear to act well together in breaking down the bonding due to extracellular DNA and mucins. Clinical studies should be undertaken to see whether the additive combination at lower concentration produces the anticipated benefits of improved airway clearance and fewer side effects.
The stereochemistry of the reaction catalyzed by ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, an adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme. An example of racemization accompanying substitution.

Abstract Upon deamination of chirally labeled [2-2H, 3H]ethanolamine by the adenosylcobalamin-dependent ethanolamine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.7) from Clostridium sp. , chirality of the labeled carbon atom is lost. This result is consistent with a mechanism involving the 1-amino-1-hydroxyethane2-yl radical as a catalytic intermediate.
The Efficacy of Palonosetron Plus Dexamethasone in Preventing Chemoradiotherapy-induced Nausea and Emesis in Patients Receiving Daily Low-dose Cisplatin-based Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Uterine Cervical Cancer: A Phase II Study

Objectives: The prevention of chemotherapy-induced and radiotherapy-induced emesis is recommended by several guidelines; however, there are no evidence-based recommendations for the use of antiemetics in concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antiemetic therapy comprising palonosetron and dexamethasone during CCRT. Methods: This is a nonrandomized, prospective, single-center, open phase II study. Twenty-six consecutive patients with cervical carcinoma were treated with daily low-dose cisplatin (8 mg/m2/d)-based CCRT (2 Gy/d, 25 fractions, 5 times a week). All patients received 0.75 mg of palonosetron on day 1 of each week and 4 mg of oral dexamethasone daily. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients achieving a complete response, which was defined as no emetic episodes and no antiemetic rescue medication during treatment. Results: Planned daily low-dose cisplatin-based CCRT was successful without delay or interruption in 46% (12/26) of the patients. The mean dose of total cisplatin was 184 (range, 136 to 200) mg/m2. No patient vomited during the treatment period. The complete response rate during CCRT was 100%. A total of 81% patients were completely free from nausea. All patients tolerated the combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone and completed the scheduled regimen. Five patients exhibited grade 1 Cushingoid features that resolved after treatment. Conclusions: Antiemetic therapy comprising palonosetron and dexamethasone provided complete protection from nausea and vomiting in patients with cervical cancer receiving daily low-dose cisplatin-based CCRT.
Pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score.

The Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score was developed from the Physiologic Stability Index (PSI) to reduce the number of physiologic variables required for pediatric ICU (PICU) mortality risk assessment and to obtain an objective weighting of the remaining variables. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were applied to admission day PSI data (1,415 patients, 116 deaths) from four PICUs. The resulting PRISM score consists of 14 routinely measured, physiologic variables, and 23 variable ranges. The performance of a logistic function estimating PICU mortality risk from the PRISM score, age, and operative status was tested in a different sample from six PICUs (1,227 patients, 105 deaths), each PICU separately, and in diagnostic groups using chi-square goodness-of-fit tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. In all groups, the number and distribution of survivors and nonsurvivors in adjacent mortality risk intervals were accurately predicted: total validation group (chi 2(5) = 0.80; p greater than . 95), each PICU separately (chi 2(5) range 0.83 to 7.38; all p greater than . 10), operative patients (chi 2(5) = 2.03; p greater than . 75), nonoperative patients (chi 2(5) = 2.80, p greater than . 50), cardiovascular disease patients (chi 2(5) = 4.72; p greater than . 25), respiratory disease patients (chi 2(5) = 5.82; p greater than . 25), and neurologic disease patients (chi 2(5) = 7.15; p greater than . 10). ROC analysis also demonstrated excellent predictor performance (area index = 0.92 +/- 0.02).
Service quality: perceived value, expectations, shortfalls, and bonuses

Focuses on the perceived value of a service by a customer, the perceived quality and value of a service, and the role of expectations, shortfalls, and bonuses in the valuation process. Considers on the implications of key relationships in the marketing and delivery of services. Characterizes customer perception of the perceived value of a service and quality of service in multivariate space. This model yields a value vector that summarizes the perceived value of a service and service quality to a customer. The perceived value vector summarizes the aggregate effects of variables of influence on perceived value. Relates service delivery to customer expectations. In this context, illuminates important issues related to exante versus ex post expectations. Introduces the concept of expectations‐delivery variance (EDV). Examines the concept of delivery shortfalls as well as delivery excess, with excess leading to bonus fulfillment. Shortfalls and bonuses have residual effects. Asserts that shortfalls and bonus effects have asymmetric affects in terms of residual influence on future perceptions of customer expectations of service value.
Quantitative polynomial free energy based phase field model for void motion and evolution in Sn under thermal gradient

As the electronic packaging and fabrication industries for solar PV cells assembly or panels are making endeavours in using Pb-free solder joints, the reliability of these joints can be taken as an important research topic. Among several aspects, the control of void formation, growth and evolution in lead-free Sn-based solders can be achieved if the underlying mechanism for such phenomena can be modeled. This study employs a quantitative polynomial free energy based phase field method to model the motion and evolution of void in Sn material under thermal gradient. The effects of imposed temperature gradient to the overall migration rate and profile of the void has been assessed in the finite element model.
Isolation and Identification of Diglucuronides of Some Endogenous Steroids in Dogs

Diglucuronidation is a novel glucuronidation reaction where the second glucuronosyl moiety is attached at the C2′ position of the first glucuronosyl moiety. To examine whether diglucuronidation takes place in endogenous substrates in vivo, control urine and bile samples were collected from male Crl:CD(SD) IGS rats, beagle dogs, and cynomolgus monkeys and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) after solid phase extraction. Several diglucuronides of C19 steroids, including M1 (C31H46O14) and M2 (C31H44O14), were detected in the urine and bile of the dogs but not in the excreta of the rats and monkeys. A milligram quantity of M1 was successfully isolated from the pooled dog urine and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. M1 was unambiguously identified as epiandrosterone 3-O-diglucuronide by comparing the LC-MS and two-dimensional NMR data of M1 with those of the biosynthesized epiandrosterone 3-O-diglucuronide. M2 was identified as dehydroepiandrosterone 3-O-diglucuronide. According to these findings, the diglucuronidation reaction was proven to be occurring on steroid hormones in vivo in dogs.
Stereo Depth Continuity

We tackle the problem of producing depth maps from stereo video. Some algorithms for doing this using correspondences produce noisy output. Chan et al. (2011) [2] use convex optimization techniques to reduce noise and also smooth out the depth maps over time. We start with the noisy output of OpenCV and apply this technique to smooth it, developing some refinements along the way. Specifically, we ignore pixels with the highest possible depth value (as this indicates that no correspondence was found for the pixel), and we make the smoothing less aggressive if the pixels differ by color. These refinements improve the smoothing to yield more accurate depth estimates. We test the algorithm on multiple videos and find that it generally performs well as long as OpenCV’s output was somewhat reasonable.
Molecular Diversity of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors

ABSTRACT: The potent behavioral and cognitive effects of nicotine highlight the physiological importance of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). These receptors are part of the superfamily of neurotransmitter‐gated ion channels that are responsible for rapid intercellular communication. Molecular cloning of the protein subunits that make up these receptors has led to greater understanding of the pharmacology and physiology of nAChRs. This review outlines our current understanding of the molecular constituents of these receptors and some of the recent studies of the structural determinants of receptor function.
ESTIMATES FOR TIME-DISCRETIZATIONS FOR THE VELOCITY TRACKING PROBLEM FOR NAVIER-STOKES FLOWS BY PENALTY METHODS

Semi-discrete in time approximations of the velocity tracking problem are studied based on a pseudo-compressibility approach. Two different methods are used for the analysis of the corresponding optimality system. The first one, the classical penalty formulation, leads to estimates of order k + ε, under suitable regularity assumptions. The estimate is based on previously derived results for the solution of the unsteady Navier-Stokes problem by penalty methods (see e.g. Jie Shen [26]) and the Brezzi-Rappaz-Raviart theory (see e.g. [12]). The second one, based on the artificially compressible optimality system, leads to an improved estimate of the form k + εk for the linearized system.
Assessing walking speed in clinical research: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE To provide a systematic review and describe how assessments of walking speed are reported in the health care literature. METHODS MEDLINE electronic database and bibliographies of select articles were searched for terms describing walking speed and distances walked. The search was limited to English language journals from 1996 to 2006. The initial title search yielded 793 articles. A review of the abstracts reduced the number to 154 articles. Of these, 108 provided sufficient information for inclusion in the current review. RESULTS Of the 108 studies included in the review 61 were descriptive, 39 intervention and 8 randomized controlled trials. Neurological (n=55) and geriatric (n=27) were the two most frequent participant groups in the studies reviewed. Instruction to walk at a usual or normal speed was reported in 55 of the studies, while 31 studies did not describe speed instructions. A static (standing) start was slightly more common than a dynamic (rolling) start (30 vs 26 studies); however, half of the studies did not describe the starting protocol. Walking 10, 6 and 4 m was the most common distances used, and reported in 37, 20 and 11 studies respectively. Only four studies included information on whether verbal encouragement was given during the walking task. CONCLUSIONS Tests of walking speed have been used in a wide range of populations. However, methodologies and descriptions of walking tests vary widely from study to study, which makes comparison difficult. There is a need to find consensus for a standardized walking test methodology.
II.I.1 Technoeconomic Boundary Analysis of Photobiological Hydrogen Producing Systems

Develop conceptual system designs for • photobiological, dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis hydrogen production systems. Leverage strengths of each production method to • create integrated hydrogen producing systems that improve upon individual systems. Calculate capital costs, operating costs and • feedstock costs for conceptual systems. Compute levelized hydrogen costs for conceptual • design. Determine key factors affecting cost estimates. •
DCDT 2980 S , an anti-CD 22-Monomethyl Auristatin E antibody-drug conjugate , is a potential treatment for non-Hodgkins Lymphoma

DCDT2980S for the treatment of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Dongwei Li1*, Kirsten Achilles Poon1*, Shang-Fan Yu1*, Randall Dere, MaryAnn Go, Jeffrey Lau, Bing Zheng, Kristi Elkins, Dimitry Danilenko, Katherine R. Kozak, Pamela Chan, Josefa Chuh, Xiaoyan Shi, Denise Nazzal, Franklin Fuh, Jacqueline McBride, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Ruth de Tute, Andy Rawstron, Andrew S. Jack Rong Deng, Yu-Waye Chu , David Dornan, Marna Williams, William Ho, Allen Ebens, Saileta Prabhu1#, Andrew G.Polson1# Research and Early Development, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080 Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds, United Kingdom Hull York Medical School (HYMS), University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD. *These authors contributed equally Correspondence to: Andrew G. Polson or Saileta Prabhu. Genentech Research and Early Development. 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, Email: polson@gene.com, Fax: (650) 225-6412, Phone: (650) 225-5134 Email: prabhu.saileta@gene.com, Phone: (650) 476-1800 Conflict of Interest: DL, KP, S-FY, RD, MG, JL, BZ, KE, DD, KRK, PC, JC, XC XS, DN FF, JM, VR RD, YC, DD, MW, WH, AE, SP, AGP are employees of Genentech Inc. RT AR and ASJ receive research funding from Genentech Inc.
Bandwidth extension for ultra-wideband CMOS low-noise amplifiers

Techniques are proposed to enhance the bandwidth of ultra-wideband (UWB) CMOS low-noise amplifiers (LNA). By using multiple-input-branch technique and resistive shunt- feedback technique, LNA could achieve ultra-wideband input impedance matching with small noise figure degradation. The gain bandwidth is enhanced by an L type inter-stage matching network between the input transistors and the cascode transistor which could enhance both the gain and the gain bandwidth. The gain bandwidth could be further enhanced by the resistors inserted between the bulks and the sources of the input transistors since the resistors could reduce the effects of the drain-bulk capacitance of the input transistors. The techniques proposed offer the advantages of ultra-wideband bandwidth, simple circuit topology, and small chip area. The proofs of techniques are demonstrated by designing the UWB LNA in UMC 0.18um CMOS.