Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Approach for Single Text Document Summarization Using Statistical and Sentiment Features

Summarization is a way to represent same information in concise way with equal sense. This can be categorized in two type Abstractive and Extractive type. Our work is focused around Extractive summarization. A generic approach to extractive summarization is to consider sentence as an entity, score each sentence based on some indicative features to ascertain the quality of sentence for inclusion in summary. Sort the sentences on the score and consider top n sentences for summarization. Mostly statistical features have been used for scoring the sentences. We are proposing a hybrid model for a single text document summarization. This hybrid model is an extraction based approach, which is combination of Statistical and semantic technique. The hybrid model depends on the linear combination of statistical measures : sentence position, TF-IDF, Aggregate similarity, centroid, and semantic measure. Our idea to include sentiment analysis for salient sentence extraction is derived from the concept that emotion plays an important role in communication to effectively convey any message hence, it can play a vital role in text document summarization. For comparison we have generated five system summaries Proposed Work, MEAD system, Microsoft system, OPINOSIS system, and Human generated summary, and evaluation is done using ROUGE score.
The Asymmetric Explosion of Type Ia Supernovae as Seen from Near-Infrared Observations

We present near-infrared spectra of late-phase (>200 days) Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) taken at the Subaru Telescope. The [Fe II] line of SN 2003hv shows a clear flat-topped feature, while that of SN 2005W shows a less prominent flatness. In addition, a large shift in their line center, varying from -3000 to 1000 km s-1 with respect to the host galaxies, is seen. Such a shift suggests the occurrence of an off-center, nonspherical explosion in the central region and provides important, new constraints on the explosion models of SNe Ia.
Cortical Reorganization After Stroke

The brain has an intrinsic capacity to compensate for structural damage through reorganizing of surviving networks. These processes are fundamental for recovery of function after many forms of brain injury, including stroke. Functional neuroimaging techniques have allowed the investigation of these processes in vivo. Here, we review key advances over the past two decades that have shed light on the neural mechanisms enabling recovery of motor function after stroke. We first provide an overview on invasive stroke models in non-human primates that provided insights into lesion-induced changes in the cortical representations of the upper limb. We then present key findings from neuroimaging studies in human stroke patients, which suggest that the role of contralesional motor hemisphere in supporting recovered function depends on factors such as time since stroke, lesion location and anatomical region. More recently, research has been directed at understanding how surviving brain regions influence one another during movement. It appears that it is not only the corticospinal tract but also brainstem pathways and interhemispheric connections that affect cortical reorganization patterns and functional recovery. In summary, neuroimaging opens the way for greater understanding of the mechanisms of recovery and potentially improves our ability to deliver effective restorative therapy.
Bi-Functionalization of a Calcium Phosphate-Coated Titanium Surface with Slow-Release Simvastatin and Metronidazole to Provide Antibacterial Activities and Pro-Osteodifferentiation Capabilities

Coating the surface of titanium implants or other bone graft substitute materials with calcium phosphate (Ca-P) crystals is an effective way to enhance the osteoconduction of the implants. Ca-P coating alone cannot confer pro-osteodifferentiation and antibacterial capabilities on implants; however, it can serve as a carrier for biological agents which could improve the performance of implants and bone substitutes. Here, we constructed a novel, bi-functional Ca-P coating with combined pro-osteodifferentiation and antibacterial capabilities. Different concentrations of metronidazole (MNZ) and simvastatin (SIM) were integrated into biomimetic Ca-P coatings on the surface of titanium disks. The biological effects of this bi-functional biomimetic coating on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs), human adipose derived stromal cells (hASCs), and Porphyromonas gingivalis were assessed in vitro. We observed that Ca-P coatings loaded with both SIM and MNZ display favorable release kinetics without affecting cell proliferation or attachment. In the inhibition zone test, we found that the bi-functional coating showed lasting antibacterial effects when incubated with Porphyromonas gingivalis for 2 and 4 days. Moreover, the osteodifferentiation of hBMMSCs and hASCs were increased when cultured on this bi-functional coating for 7 and 14 days. Both drugs were loaded onto the Ca-P coating at specific concentrations (10−5 M SIM; 10−2 M MNZ) to achieve optimal release kinetics. Considering the safety, stability and low cost of SIM and MNZ, this novel bi-functional Ca-P coating technique represents a promising method to improve the performance of metal implants or other bone substitute materials, and can theoretically be easily translated to clinical applications.
Combining Local and Global Cues for Closed Contour Extraction

Algorithms for computing closed contours are generally based upon local Gestalt cues relating pairs of oriented elements, and a Markov assumption to then group these elements into chains. Without additional global constraints, these algorithms generally do not perform well on general natural scenes. Such global cues could include symmetry, shape priors or global colour appearance. A key challenge is to combine these local and global cues in a statistically optimal way. Here we propose a novel, effective method for rigorously combining local and global cues, both at the stage of forming new closed contour hypotheses, and at the stage of evaluating and ranking these hypotheses. We also demonstrate the importance of promoting the diversity of hypotheses. We evaluate our results on a standard public dataset, and demonstrate a substantial performance improvement over prior methods.
Using a sledgehammer to crack a nut? Lexical diversity and event coreference resolution

In this paper we examine the representativeness of the EventCorefBank (ECB, Bejan and Harabagiu, 2010) with regards to the language population of large-volume streams of news. The ECB corpus is one of the data sets used for evaluation of the task of event coreference resolution. Our analysis shows that the ECB in most cases covers one seminal event per domain, what considerably simplifies event and so language diversity that one comes across in the news. We augmented the corpus with a new corpus component, consisting of 502 texts, describing different instances of event types that were already captured by the 43 topics of the ECB, making it more representative of news articles on the web. The new “ECB+” corpus is available for further research.
An adaptive speed function of level set method for moving object extraction

The convergence and stability of the level set method depend on the speed function. Therefore, it is important to define the speed function in a manner that is suitable for the individual application. In the present paper, we propose a novel speed function of the level set method for moving object extraction from a video sequence with a stationary background. The speed function focuses on the precision of moving object extraction. In the proposed extraction method, the outline between moving object regions and the background is estimated in advance based on the Gaussian noise distribution in the frame. The speed function is changed adaptively using the obtained outline in order to improve the convergence and precision of extraction. In addition, a new energy term in the direction of the contour of an object is incorporated into the speed function. The precision of the moving object extraction method using the proposed speed function is evaluated through computer simulations.
Efficient Evaluation of BER for Arbitrary Modulation and Signaling in Fading Channels

We present a numerically efficient method to evaluate uncoded bit-error rate for arbitrary two-dimensional constellation and nonuniform signaling in fading channels. Compared to the bounding techniques, treating the problem at the same level of generality, the proposed method is shown to be more accurate (by construction) and numerically more efficient: for moderate constellation size, the complexity reduction may reach two orders of magnitude. The operation of the proposed method is illustrated with numerical examples obtained in Nakagami-m fading.
Characterization of U(VI) Sorption and Leaching on Clay Supported Biomass Sorbents

In previous studies was demonstrated that matrixes generated from fungal biomass and a montmorillonite (BMMTs) are efficient as biosorbentes in batch uranium removal systems. The objective of this article is to evaluate the U(VI) sorption capacity of BMMT in continuous systems for its removal from effluents and to determine the reusability of the sorbent and the recovery of the uranium testing different leaching solutions. Upflow BMMT columns were performed in order to optimize the system for continuous sorption techniques. For upflow columns, the maximum total amount of U(VI) retained was 75 mg U(VI) / g BMMT. Treatment of U(VI) loaded BMMTs with leaching solutions allowed calculating U(VI) extraction percentages. These results indicated the possibility of recycling the sorbent after processes of U(VI) sorption and that the use of clay supported biomass sorbents in upflow columns presented strong potential for uranium retention.
Development of Osteochondral Tissue Constructs using a Gradient Generating Bioreactor

XXIII Chapter 1: Introduction . 25 Chapter 2: Background and Significance . 29 2.1 Articular Cartilage Structure and Function . 29 2.1. 1 Joint Anatomy . 29 2.1. 2 Composition . 30 2.1. 3 Zonal Structure . 31 2.1. 4 Biphasic Properties . 33 2.2 Articular Cartilage Injury and Current Clinical Treatment . 35 2.2.1 Osteoarthritis . 35 2.2.2 Cartilage Defects . 36 2.2.3 Clinical Treatment Methods . 37 2.3 Tissue Engineering of Cartilage Constructs . 39 2.3. 1 Tissue Engineering Principles . 39 2.3. 2 Cell Sources and Signaling Molecules for Cartilage Tissue Engineering . 40
Effect of ST Segment Measurement Point on Performance of Standard and Heart Rate‐Adjusted ST Segment Criteria for the Identification of Coronary Artery Disease

BackgroundRecent reports critical of the performance of heart rate-adjusted indexes of ST depression during exercise electrocardiography have used J-point rather than ST segment measurements. However, no standard exists for the optimal time after the J-point at which to measure ST segment deviation. Methods and ResultsTo assess the effect of ST segment measurement position on performance of standard exercise electrocardiographic criteria, the AST segment/heart rate (AST/HR) index, and the ST segment/heart rate (ST/HR) slope for the detection of coronary artery disease, the exercise electrocardiograms of 50 clinically normal subjects and 80 patients with known or likely coronary disease were analyzed using ST depression measured at both the J-point and at 60 msec after the J-point (J+60). A positive exercise electrocardiogram by standard criteria, defined as 0.1 mV or more of additional horizontal or downsloping ST depression at end exercise, had a specificity of 96% when ST depression was measured at either the J-point or J+60. There was no difference in sensitivity of standard electrocardiographic criteria at J+60 and J point (both 59%, p=NS). However, at matched specificity of 96%, the AST/HR index and ST/HR slope calculated using ST depression at J+60 were significantly more sensitive (90% and 93%) than when calculated using J-point depression (64% and 61%, each p < 0.001). Comparison of areas under respective receiver operating characteristic curves confirmed the superior performance of J+60 as opposed to J-point measurements for both the AST/HR index (0.98 versus 0.89,p=0.006) and the ST/HR slope (0.96 versus 0.87,p=O0.007) and also demonstrated modestly improved overall test performance for standard electrocardiographic criteria using J+60 measurements (0.88 versus 0.82, p = 0.001). ConclusionsUse of J-point measurements significantly degrades performance of heart rate-adjusted indexes of ST depression but has less effect on standard criteria. (Circulation 1991;84:57–66)
Autologous Fat Grafts Harvested and Refined by the Coleman Technique: A Comparative Study

Background: The viability of fat grafts obtained by even a well-established technique remains poorly studied and unknown. This study was designed to determine the viability of fat grafts harvested and refined by the Coleman technique. Methods: Sixteen adult white women were enrolled in this study. In group 1 (n = 8), fat grafts were harvested and processed with the Coleman technique by a single surgeon from the abdomen of each patient according to his standardized method. In group 2 (n = 8), fat grafts were harvested with the conventional liposuction by another surgeon. After centrifugation, the resulting middle layer of tissue was collected. All fat graft samples were analyzed for the following studies: trypan blue vital staining for viable adipocyte counts, glycerol-3-phophatase dehydrogenase assay, and routine histologic examination. Results: The higher viable adipocyte counts were found in group 1 compared with group 2 (4.11 ± 1.11 versus 2.57 ± 0.56 × 106 cells/ml; p < 0.004). The level of glycerol-3-phophatase dehydrogenase activity was significantly higher in group 1 compared with group 2 (0.66 ± 0.09 versus 0.34 ± 0.13 U/ml; p < 0.0001). Histologic examination showed normal structure of fragmented fatty tissues in both groups. Conclusions: Although fat grafts obtained by both methods maintain normal histologic structure, the Coleman technique yields a greater number of viable adipocytes and sustains a more optimal level of cellular function within fat grafts and should be considered superior to conventional liposuction as a preferred method of choice for fat graft harvesting.
Intuitive crowd behavior in dense urban environments using local laws

In games, entertainment, medical and architectural applications, the creation of populated virtual city environments has recently become widespread. In this paper we want to provide a technique that allows the simulation of up to 10,000 pedestrians walking in real-time. Simulation for such environments is difficult as a trade off needs to be found between realism and real-time simulation. This paper presents a pedestrian crowd simulation method aiming at improving the local and global reactions of the pedestrians. The method uses a subdivision of space into a 2D (two-dimensional) grid for pedestrian-to-pedestrian collision avoidance, while assigning goals to pedestrians to make their trajectories smoother and coherent. Goals are computed automatically and connected into a graph that reflects the structure of the city and triggers a spatial repartition of the density of pedestrians. In order to create realistic reactions when areas become crowded, local directions are stored and updated in real-time, allowing the apparition of pedestrian streams. Combining the different methods contributes to a more realistic model, while keeping a real-time frame rate for up to 10,000 simulated pedestrians.
Unsupervised Discovery of Domain-Specific Knowledge from Text

Learning by Reading (LbR) aims at enabling machines to acquire knowledge from and reason about textual input. This requires knowledge about the domain structure (such as entities, classes, and actions) in order to do inference. We present a method to infer this implicit knowledge from unlabeled text. Unlike previous approaches, we use automatically extracted classes with a probability distribution over entities to allow for context-sensitive labeling. From a corpus of 1.4m sentences, we learn about 250k simple propositions about American football in the form of predicate-argument structures like "quarterbacks throw passes to receivers". Using several statistical measures, we show that our model is able to generalize and explain the data statistically significantly better than various baseline approaches. Human subjects judged up to 96.6% of the resulting propositions to be sensible. The classes and probabilistic model can be used in textual enrichment to improve the performance of LbR end-to-end systems.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Selectively Up-Regulates the HIV-1 Coreceptor CCR5 in Oral Keratinocytes1

Primary infection of oral epithelial cells by HIV-1, if it occurs, could promote systemic infection. Most primary systemic infections are associated with R5-type HIV-1 targeting the R5-specific coreceptor CCR5, which is not usually expressed on oral keratinocytes. Because coinfection with other microbes has been suggested to modulate cellular infection by HIV-1, we hypothesized that oral keratinocytes may up-regulate CCR5 in response to the oral endogenous pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis by cysteine-protease (gingipains) activation of the protease-activated receptors (PARs) or LPS signaling through the TLRs. The OKF6/TERT-2-immortalized normal human oral keratinocyte line expressed CXCR4, whereas CCR5 was not detectable. When exposed to P. gingivalis ATCC 33277, TERT-2 cells induced greater time-dependent expression of CCR5-specific mRNA and surface coreceptors than CXCR4. By comparing arg- (Rgp) and lys-gingipain (Kgp) mutants, a mutant deficient in both proteases, and the action of trypsin, P. gingivalis Rgp was strongly suggested to cleave PAR-1 and PAR-2 to up-regulate CCR5. CCR5 was also slightly up-regulated by an isogenic gingipain-deficient mutant, suggesting the presence of a nongingipain-mediated mechanism. Purified P. gingivalis LPS also up-regulated CCR5. Blocking TLR2 and TLR4 receptors with Abs attenuated induction of CCR5, suggesting LPS signaling through TLRs. P. gingivalis, therefore, selectively up-regulated CCR5 by two independent signaling pathways, Rgp acting on PAR-1 and PAR-2, and LPS on TLR2 and TLR4. By inducing CCR5 expression, P. gingivalis coinfection could promote selective R5-type HIV-1 infection of oral keratinocytes.
Electrical properties of extruded milled carbon fibre and polypropylene

A milled carbon fibre and polypropylene polymer composite at high filler loading was developed to produce conductive polymer composites for high conductive applications. Current research of conductive polymer composite material has reported about in-plane conductivity that was often higher than through-plane conductivity, which contradicted with the target of applications that required higher electrical conductivity in the through-plane direction. Therefore, electrical conductivity in parallel and transverse to extrusion directions were investigated. The general-effective media and modified fibre contact model were adapted to predict the electrical conductivity of the composite material. The experimental conductivity data of polypropylene/milled carbon fibre composites for transverse and parallel directions were not correlated with the general-effective media model with 2.009 and 0.663 S/cm, respectively, at the highest filler loading of 80 wt. %. This disagreement was due to various critical exponential, t values (2–3.25) that were obtained in this study. However, the modified fibre contact model seemed to have good agreement with the experimental data in the parallel to extrusion direction. This model was unable to predict electrical conductivity in the transverse direction due to lack of orientation occurring in that direction. The electrical conductivity increased as the filler loading increased as explained in percolation theory. Predicting the electrical conductivity of conductive polymer composites material is still in the preliminary stages where the researcher often obtains fluctuating agreement with the experimental values. Thus, contact between filler and orientation is considered as the main factor that influences the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of the conductive polymer composites material.
Clustering Relational Database Entities Using K-means

The fast evolution of hardware and the internet made large volumes of data more accessible. This data is composed of heterogeneous data types such as text, numbers, multimedia, and others. Non-overlapping research communities work on processing homogeneous data types. Nevertheless, from the user perspective, these heterogeneous data types should behave and be accessed in a similar fashion. Processing heterogeneous data types, which is Heterogeneous Data Mining (HDM), is a complex task. However, the HDM by Unified Vectorization (HDM-UV) seems to be an appropriate solution for this problem because it permits to process the heterogeneous data types simultaneously. In this paper, we use K-means and Self-Organizing Maps for simultaneously processing textual and numerical data types by UV. We evaluate how the HDM-UV improves the clustering results of these two algorithms (SOM, K-means) by comparing them to the traditional homogeneous data processing. Furthermore, we compare the clustering results of the two algorithms applied to a data integration problem.
Efficient hierarchical MCMC for policy search

Many inference and optimization tasks in machine learning can be solved by sampling approaches such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and simulated annealing. These methods can be slow if a single target density query requires many runs of a simulation (or a complete sweep of a training data set). We introduce a hierarchy of MCMC samplers that allow most steps to be taken in the solution space using only a small sample of simulation runs (or training examples). This is shown to accelerate learning in a policy search optimization task.
Atheroprotective Potential of Macrophage-Derived Phospholipid Transfer Protein in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Deficient Mice Is Overcome by Apolipoprotein AI Overexpression

Objective—Using bone marrow transplantation, we assessed the impact of macrophage-derived phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) on lesion development in hypercholesterolemic mice that expressed either normal levels of mouse apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) or elevated levels of only human apoAI. Methods and Results—Bone marrow transplantations were performed in low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient mice (LDLr−/−) that expressed either normal levels of mouse apoAI (msapoAI) or high levels of only human apoAI (msapoAI−/−, LDLr−/−, huapoAITg). Mice were lethally irradiated, reconstituted with either PLTP-expressing or PLTP-deficient bone marrow cells, and fed a high-fat diet over 16 weeks. Macrophage PLTP deficiency increased atherosclerosis in LDLr−/− mice with minimal changes in total plasma cholesterol levels. In contrast, the extent of atherosclerosis in msapoAI−/−, LDLr−/−, huapoAITg mice was not significantly different between groups that had received PLTP−/− or PLTP+/+ bone marrow. In vitro studies indicated that PLTP deficiency led to a significant decrease in α-tocopherol content and increased oxidative stress in bone marrow cells. Conclusions—Our observations suggest an atheroprotective role of macrophage-derived PLTP in mice with normal apoAI plasma levels. The atheroprotective properties of macrophage-derived PLTP were not observable in the presence of elevated plasma concentrations of apoAI.