Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ISO 14001: Against the Tide of Modern Management?

Environmental issues are seen today as a strategic dimension of corporate operations. Ecological concerns are no longer merely a source of outside pressure obliging companies to implement technological changes. Like issues in the area of occupational health and safety, these concerns have to be treated as an integral part of daily management if companies are to develop a preventive approach and raise their employees' awareness of problems that can jeopardise corponite survival. In the past few years, to ease this integration, public institutions, consulting firms, professional associations and international bodies have developed formal management tools and standardized verification procedures such as the 'Responsible Care Program', the 'Valdez Principles' and the 'Winter Model'. Despite their diversity, these management systems are based on similar principles, as well as on the implicit assumption that organizational and administrative changes can improve 'environmental performance'. Unlike regulatory standards, environmental management systems do not set maximum waste thresholds or specific targets; instead, they focus on the systematic, standardized implementation and monitoring of policies, objectives and procedures.
Quantitative learning effect evaluation of programming learning tools

Children can learn programming using different tools. Understanding how the characteristics and features of each tool impact the learning effect will enhance learning. However, the impact of specific tools on the learning effect is unclear. In this study, we conducted a workshop to evaluate the characteristics and features of six tools on the learning effect. Our study reveals that the learning effect clearly differs between the six tools.
Arabic Text Copy Detection using Full, Reduced and Unique Syntactical Structures

This paper reports on work performed to investigate the use of a combined Part of Speech (POS) tagging and a minimum edit operations algorithm to determine the level of similarity between pairs of Arabic text documents. The level of similarity can be used as an indication of duplication in full or in part of the document's content. Text is first converted into POS tags that are then fed to the string similarity algorithm to determine the similarity of pairs of documents. A normalized score is calculated and used to rank documents. Documents ranked higher than some selected threshold are considered similar and can be near or complete duplicate. The performed experiments compare results based on the use of a set of selected common subsequences that are the results of translation of text into a sequence of syntactical units. The strings are first produced using full-text (FULL). These are further refined to produce a REDUCED; where repeated consecutive characters are reduced to a single character and a number, and more refined to produce a UNIQUE string; where all repeating characters are replaced by a single character. Syntactical features of the text were used as a structural representation of the documents' content. Results obtained from the experiments using the
Early vitrectomy effective for Norrie disease.

OBJECTIVE To review our experience with Norrie disease to determine if early vitrectomy abrogates the natural history of this rare disease; namely, bilateral no light perception visual acuity and phthisis bulbi. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients seen in our tertiary care pediatric retinal clinical practice from 1988 through 2008 with a potential diagnosis of Norrie disease. Inclusion required not only clinical findings consistent with Norrie disease but also genetics and/or a family history consistent with Norrie disease. RESULTS Medical record review revealed 14 boys with clinically diagnosed Norrie disease and either Norrie disease gene (NDP) mutations noted on genetic testing (13 patients) and/or a clear family history consistent with Norrie disease (4 patients). All 14 boys with definite Norrie disease had vitrectomy with or without lensectomy in at least 1 eye prior to 12 months of age. Of the 14 boys with definite Norrie disease, 7 maintained at least light perception visual acuity in 1 eye and 3 had no light perception visual acuity bilaterally; visual acuity data were not available for 4 patients. Only 2 of 24 (8%) eyes became phthisical. CONCLUSIONS Historically, no treatment has been offered to mitigate the dismal natural history of Norrie disease. We recommend consideration of early vitrectomy in Norrie disease.
Regionally coupled atmosphere‐ocean‐sea ice‐marine biogeochemistry model ROM: 1. Description and validation

The general circulation models used to simulate global climate typically feature resolution too coarse to reproduce many smaller‐scale processes, which are crucial to determining the regional responses to climate change. A novel approach to downscale climate change scenarios is presented which includes the interactions between the North Atlantic Ocean and the European shelves as well as their impact on the North Atlantic and European climate. The goal of this paper is to introduce the global ocean‐regional atmosphere coupling concept and to show the potential benefits of this model system to simulate present‐day climate. A global ocean‐sea ice‐marine biogeochemistry model (MPIOM/HAMOCC) with regionally high horizontal resolution is coupled to an atmospheric regional model (REMO) and global terrestrial hydrology model (HD) via the OASIS coupler. Moreover, results obtained with ROM using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and ECHAM5/MPIOM CMIP3 historical simulations as boundary conditions are presented and discussed for the North Atlantic and North European region. The validation of all the model components, i.e., ocean, atmosphere, terrestrial hydrology, and ocean biogeochemistry is performed and discussed. The careful and detailed validation of ROM provides evidence that the proposed model system improves the simulation of many aspects of the regional climate, remarkably the ocean, even though some biases persist in other model components, thus leaving potential for future improvement. We conclude that ROM is a powerful tool to estimate possible impacts of climate change on the regional scale.
Insurance Structure, Risk Sharing, and Investment Decisions: An Empirical Investigation of the Implications of Individual and Group Weather Index Insurance

Recognition of take-up and transaction cost challenges in individual microinsurance has led to a surge of interest in group microinsurance. Yet few studies have considered the effect of group insurance on the investment decisions of the insured. In the case of weather index insurance, this is an important omission. Analogous to group microcredit, group weather insurance may exacerbate two key challenges depending on the information environment: moral hazard and group pressure. Experimental results from a framed field experiment in Gujarat, India, confirm that group pressure leads to an 8 percent reduction in risk taking in contexts with perfect information and group insurance (relative to individual insurance). The effects of moral hazard are more limited, however. As higher risk taking is associated with higher average agricultural productivityâ€”and thus, developmentâ€”these findings put a premium on greater attention to group selection, the information environment, and the regulation of payout distribution.
Pneumothorax‐associated pleural eosinophilia is tumour necrosis factor‐alpha‐dependent and attenuated by steroids

Background and objectives: The pathogenesis and the optimal treatment of eosinophilic pleural effusions are unknown. We aimed to examine whether pneumothorax‐associated pleural eosinophilia in mice is dependent on tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha, and whether it is affected by systemic administration of corticosteroids.
A chief HR officer’s perspective on talent management

Purpose The HR function has been through a palette of names and identities, with talent management or human capital management being one more. There is a lack of consistency in the way that HR practitioners think about talent management and this is often the cause of credibility issues with business colleagues. The purpose of this paper is to identify core beliefs that underpin the practice of talent management if the function is to build credibility. Design/methodology/approach The paper identifies five core beliefs that should structure a discussion around, and underpin, the practice of talent management: notions of human capital management; questions about whether talent is generic or not; distinctions between talent management and HRM; decisions about who makes decisions about talent management; and moments of truth. It uses the case setting of Maersk to illustrate these beliefs and position the preferred conduct of talent management against them. Findings Organizations make distinctions between where good (not average) is “good enough” and where they need world-class talent to drive true competitive advantage. This capability perspective results in three different clusters of effort in terms of talent management. They manage investments so that they do not over-invest in less critical capabilities but can marshal scarce resources in areas where they need to be world class. Practical implications What is defined as talent in one setting might not be so in others. Strategies define capabilities and capabilities define talent. Attention must be given to all the other processes that support the deployment of talent to build specific organizational capabilities. As talent decisions are made by business leaders there needs to be a common mindset and decision-making logic for them to use. The 9 Box model is one such logic. Adopting any decision logic does not denote the outcome, rather it is how companies use the tool that determines the output. Originality/value The paper positions talent management within the strategic management discipline of business models and analysis of how organizations need to compete. It uses an industrial setting and professional experience base to link talent management to the wider management of organizational capabilities.
ATXN2‐AS, a gene antisense to ATXN2, is associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the gene ataxin‐2 (ATXN2). ATXN2 intermediate‐length CAG expansions were identified as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The ATXN2 CAG repeat is translated into polyglutamine, and SCA2 pathogenesis has been thought to derive from ATXN2 protein containing an expanded polyglutamine tract. However, recent evidence of bidirectional transcription at multiple CAG/CTG disease loci has led us to test whether additional mechanisms of pathogenesis may contribute to SCA2.
A (2 + ε)-Factor Approximation Algorithm for Split Vertex Deletion

In the Split Vertex Deletion (SVD) problem, the input is an n-vertex undirected graph G and a weight function w: V(G) → ℕ, and the objective is to find a minimum weight subset S of vertices such that G-S is a split graph (i.e., there is bipartition of V(G-S) = C ⊎ I such that C is a clique and I is an independent set in G-S). This problem is a special case of 5-Hitting Set and consequently, there is a simple factor 5-approximation algorithm for this. On the negative side, it is easy to show that the problem does not admit a polynomial time (2-δ)-approximation algorithm, for any fixed δ > 0, unless the Unique Games Conjecture fails. We start by giving a simple quasipolynomial time (n^O(log n)) factor 2-approximation algorithm for SVD using the notion of clique-independent set separating collection. Thus, on the one hand SVD admits a factor 2-approximation in quasipolynomial time, and on the other hand this approximation factor cannot be improved assuming UGC. It naturally leads to the following question: Can SVD be 2-approximated in polynomial time? In this work we almost close this gap and prove that for any e > 0, there is a n^O(log 1/(e))-time 2(1+e)-approximation algorithm.
Management Perceptions of Organizational Service Quality Practices

The research purposed to investigate the management perception of organizational service quality practices. The study conducted in Institution of One-Stop Service of Southeast Sulawesi. Using SERVQUAL Instruments including tangibility; reliability; responsiveness; assurance; and empathy, customers were interviewed and filling a questionnaire. The sample size of 150 was selected purposively, but only 116 samples were analyzed. Data was analyzed with using confirmatory factor analysis and then the results were compared with using performance importance analysis (PIA). This research found that dimensions of responsiveness; reliability; and empathy was the main factor of organizational service quality. Otherwise, tangibility and assurance were not an important dimension for organizational service quality. This research limited on the perception of the customer of public services. This finding indicated that there were differences organizational service quality practices from the other sector and country. The study suggested that organizational service quality practices should have reliability; responsiveness; and empathy on the customer.
An approach for text extraction from web news page

With the rapid development of Internet and Web technology, Web page has become a main carrier of information publishing. In connection with the problems of current complex implementation, high error rate and low extraction speed of Web information extraction technology, this paper proposes a new method of Web extraction based on the characteristics of structure of Web page. This method is to use tree structure of DOM (Document Object Model) when analyzing web page, parsing the Web page into DOM tree to sort the scattered web pages, by the using of the characteristics of Chinese web pages similar in information structure and aggregated distribution to achieve simply with good versatility. At the same time, this method can reduce the complexity when dealing with the structure of web page and increase the speed of the Web information extraction. At present, the method has been applied to the news page automatic classification system, which is good to meet the system's requirements.
An approach for transforming GMECs for a class of Petri nets with uncontrollable transitions

This paper addresses the problems of transforming a given generalized mutual exclusion constraint (GMEC) into an optimal admissible one. The considered class of Petri nets is such that the uncontrollable influence subnet is forward synchronization and forward conflict free (FSFCF) net. The difficulty of the solution to the transformation problems is to consider the situation where a transition may have more than one output place. Thus, the concept of p's branches is introduced to analyze the properties of the net. Based on the properties, an approach is proposed to enforce the transformation equivalently. Compared with the reported methods, the proposed approach has higher computational efficiency. An example is provided to illustrate the transformation approach.
Effects of Practice Variability on Unimanual Arm Rotation

ABSTRACT High variability practice has been found to lead to a higher rate of motor learning than low variability practice in sports tasks. The authors compared the effects of low and high levels of practice variability on a simple unimanual arm rotation task. Participants performed rhythmic unimanual internal-external arm rotation as smoothly as possible before and after 2 weeks of low (LV) or high (HV) variability practice and after a 2-week retention interval. Compared to the pretest, the HV group significantly decreased hand, radioulnar, and shoulder rotation jerk on the retention test and shoulder jerk on the posttest. After training the LV group had lower radioulnar and shoulder jerk on the posttest but not the retention test. The results supported the hypothesis that high variability practice would lead to greater learning and reminiscence than low variability practice and the theoretical prediction of a bifurcation in the motor learning dynamics.
Task-priority motion planning of underactuated systems: an endogenous configuration space approach – ERRATUM

Figures 2 and 5 were incorrectly reproduced in the above publication (Ratajczak et al. 2009). The figures are reproduced below in their correct form. Fig. 2. Task-priority algorithm (both S1 and S2). Fig. 5. Single-task algorithm (only S1).
Research on Job Scheduling Algorithm in Hadoop

On the basis of researching Fair Scheduling Strategy deeply in Hadoop cluster ，the Node Health Degree is defined by constructing the relationship function between node load and job fail rate, and a job scheduling algorithm based on Node Health Degree is proposed in this paper. Nodes are grouped, according to Node Health Degree, into three categories in order to assign corresponding job in accordance with load and guarantee resource load balance. By comparing with FIFO and Fair scheduling algorithm, the simulation results show that this algorithm can ensure to reduce job fail rate and improve cluster throughput.
The effect of malnutrition on the metabolic response to surgery

The effect of previous malnutrition on the metabolic response to surgical hysterectomy was investigated in adult female rats. Malnutrition was achieved by feeding a 20 g protein/kg diet and restricting food intake to 50 % of normal. This dietary regimen was maintained for 3 weeks before surgery and for 4 d after surgery. Unoperated control rats were pair-fed with the hysterectomized rats after surgery. Energy balance was measured by the comparative carcass technique and, in a second experiment, urinary N excretion was measured. Surgery caused energy expenditure to increase by 37 % in ad libitum-fed rats but in malnourished rats it increased by only 22 %. Urinary N excretion rose immediately after surgery. In the ad libitum-fed rats it was on average 85 % greater in hysterectomized rats than controls for the first 3 d after surgery, whereas in the restricted rats it was 74 % greater on the first day and not significantly elevated thereafter. Thus, malnutrition attenuated the metabolic response to surgery but did not abolish it completely.
Securing the smart home: A real case study

Both people and organizations are widely accepting and adopting of the functionalities offered by the smart home or smart building applications. This is due to the many advantages, in easing users' everyday life and work, provided by the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and devices—equipped with sensors, cameras, or actuators—and the ability to either to acquire information from the environment or to perform proper tasks. The main features of smart homes/buildings include real‐time monitoring, remote control, safety from intruders, gas/fire alarm, and so on. Because sensitive and private information is managed within smart homes/buildings, security and privacy solutions must be put in place in order to protect users/businesses' data against violation attempts as well as to guarantee the provision of reliable services. To this end, rules—in the form of policies—associated with the smart home/building resources must be defined and correctly enforced by means of a robust framework for handling the huge amount of IoT data managed. In this paper, the effectiveness and potentialities of a strategy based on sticky policies, integrated into a security and privacy‐aware IoT middleware, are demonstrated within a smart home scenario. A test bed is developed using real datasets in order to conduct analysis on the execution times, response times to detected attacks, and memory occupancy of the proposed approach.
Integration of Multimodal Transportation Services

This paper develops a mode choice model that can be used to unveil how transit users select between competing transit options. Specifically, the model choice model considers traditional fixed-route transit systems, flexible-route systems in which vehicles are shared but routes are flexible to prevailing demands and individual transit systems (e.g., Uber or Lyft) that provide door-to-door and demand responsive service. A stated preference survey was performed in which survey participants were provided a set of scenarios and asked to select the most attractive transit option of the three previously mentioned. Each scenario was presented using the following attributes: walking time required, waiting time (including variability), in-vehicle travel time (including variability), monetary cost and availability of GPS tracking services. Various statistical modeling frameworks were considered and applied to these survey data to describe the mode choice decision-making process. The results revealed that some individuals always select the same mode, regardless of the parameters. However, costs, expected in-vehicle waiting time, expected waiting time and walking time were found to be statistically significant predictors of the type of transit option selected.
Subgraph Search in Large Graphs with Result Diversification

The problem of subgraph search in large graphs has wide applications in both nature and social science. The subgraph search results are typically ordered based on graph similarity score. In this paper, we study the problem of ranking the subgraph search results based on diversification. We design two ranking measures based on both similarity and diversity, and formalize the problem as an optimization problem. We give two efficient algorithms, the greedy selection and the swapping selection with provable performance guarantee. We also propose a novel local search heuristic with at least 100 times speedup and a similar solution quality. We demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our approaches via extensive experiments. Keyword: subgraph search; result diversification; submodular; local search.
The Eurosystem Collateral Framework Explained

The Eurosystem collateral framework ESCF) has played a key role in the ECB monetary policy implementation since 1999. Moreover, the financial and sovereign debt crisis and with it the increased reliance of banks on central bank credit have underlined the importance of central bank collateral frameworks. Broad collateral frameworks have helped prevent large-scale liquidity-driven defaults of financial institutions in all major advanced economies. More recently, they have allowed central banks to provide a large amount of – at times targeted – longer-term credit. Nevertheless, a number of authors have argued that the ESCF is too forthcoming or broad and that it does not afford the central bank sufficient protection. This paper first explains and justifies the logic of collateral frameworks in general and that of the ESCF in particular. It then reviews the main critical comments. It concludes that the ESCF has been effective (i) in providing an adequate level of elasticity for Eurosystem credit, and (ii) in protecting the Eurosystem from financial losses despite the severity of the financial and sovereign debt crisis and the large amounts of longer-term credit provided by the Eurosystem. JEL Classification: E58