Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parsing the Voyager Domain Using Pearl

This paper describes a natural language parsing algorithm for unrestricted text which uses a probability-based scoring function to select the "best," parse of a sentence according to a given grammar. The parser, Pearl, is a time-asynchronous bottom-up chart parser with Earley-type top-down prediction which pursues the highest-scoring theory in the chart, where the score of a theory represents the extent to which the context of the sentence predicts that interpretation. This parser differs from previous attempts at stochastic parsers in that it uses a richer form of conditional probabilities based on context to predict likelihood. Pearl also provides a framework for incorporating the results of previous work in part-of-speech assignment, unknown word models, and other probabilistic models of linguistic features into one parsing tool, interleaving these techniques instead of using the traditional pipeline architecture. In tests performed on the Voyager direction-finding domain, Pearl has been successful at resolving part-of-speech ambiguity, determining categories for unknown words, and selecting correct parses first using a very loosely fitting covering grammar.
4D active cut: An interactive tool for pathological anatomy modeling

4D pathological anatomy modeling is key to understanding complex pathological brain images. It is a challenging problem due to the difficulties in detecting multiple appearing and disappearing lesions across time points and estimating dynamic changes and deformations between them. We propose a novel semi-supervised method, called 4D active cut, for lesion recognition and deformation estimation. Existing interactive segmentation methods passively wait for user to refine the segmentations which is a difficult task in 3D images that change over time. 4D active cut instead actively selects candidate regions for querying the user, and obtains the most informative user feedback. A user simply answers `yes' or `no' to a candidate object without having to refine the segmentation slice by slice. Compared to single-object detection of the existing methods, our method also detects multiple lesions with spatial coherence using Markov random fields constraints. Results show improvement on the lesion detection, which subsequently improves deformation estimation.
A contextual collaborative approach for app usage forecasting

Fine-grained long-term forecasting enables many emerging recommendation applications such as forecasting the usage amounts of various apps to guide future investments, and forecasting users' seasonal demands for a certain commodity to find potential repeat buyers. For these applications, there often exists certain homogeneity in terms of similar users and items (e.g., apps), which also correlates with various contexts like users' spatial movements and physical environments. Most existing works only focus on predicting the upcoming situation such as the next used app or next online purchase, without considering the long-term temporal co-evolution of items and contexts and the homogeneity among all dimensions. In this paper, we propose a contextual collaborative forecasting (CCF) model to address the above issues. The model integrates contextual collaborative filtering with time series analysis, and simultaneously captures various components of temporal patterns, including trend, seasonality, and stationarity. The approach models the temporal homogeneity of similar users, items, and contexts. We evaluate the model on a large real-world app usage dataset, which validates that CCF outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and efficiency for long-term app usage forecasting.
Cytokine polymorphisms in women with recurrent pregnancy loss: Meta‐analysis

Background: Inflammatory cytokine cascades have been implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Polymorphisms in cytokine genes may affect the risk of RPL, but genetic association studies are often limited by small sample sizes. Meta‐analysis of all available studies can increase the precision of these estimates.
A Nonconvex Splitting Method for Symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization: Convergence Analysis and Optimality

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (SymNMF) has important applications in data analytics problems such as document clustering, community detection, and image segmentation. In this paper, we propose a novel nonconvex variable splitting method for solving SymNMF. The proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to the set of Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) points of the nonconvex SymNMF problem. Furthermore, it achieves a global sublinear convergence rate. We also show that the algorithm can be efficiently implemented in parallel. Further, sufficient conditions are provided that guarantee the global and local optimality of the obtained solutions. Extensive numerical results performed on both synthetic and real datasets suggest that the proposed algorithm converges quickly to a local minimum solution.
The evaluation of interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) in adults

The goal of the present study was to develop an objective technique to measure interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) of linguistic stimuli using late auditory evoked potentials to develop normative data in adults. Nine participants, five females and four males (M = 25.22) were included in this study. Each participant had their hearing tested and electrodes were placed on the forehead, tip of the nose, below the right eye and several places on the scalp. The results revealed that when comparing electrode sites (CZ, C3, and C4), waves (P1-N1-P2) and ears (right ear and left ear) there was no statistically significant effect for electrode sites and ears; however, there were for waves. There also were no significant interactions when comparing electrodes to waves, waves to ears, or electrodes to waves to ears. There was also comparison to determine which waves were significantly different from the others. Analysis did not indicate any statistically significant differences between waves P1-N1-P2 when compared for the right versus the left sides. Overall results revealed consistently shorter latencies when the left ear was stimulated compared to when the right ear was stimulated. These results were unexpected and further research is needed with a larger sample size to fully understand how the human auditory system works.
Computation-in-memory based parallel adder

Today's computing systems suffer from memory/communication bottleneck, resulting in energy and performance inefficiency. This makes them incapable to solve data-intensive applications within economically acceptable limits. Computation-In-Memory (CIM) architecture, based on the integration of storage and computation in the same physical location using non-volatile memristor technology offers a potential solution for the memory bottleneck. This paper presents a CIM based parallel adder, and shows its potentials and superiority for intensive computing and massive parallelism by comparing it with state-of-the art computing systems including multicore, GPU and FPGA architecture. The results show that CIM based parallel adder can achieve at least two orders of magnitude improvement in computational efficiency, energy efficiency and area efficiency.
Roald Dahl: A psychosexual developmental trajectory study illustrated within psychobiography

This study applies analytical psychobiography, particularly Freud's psychoanalytic apporoach, to the study of the psychosexual development of Roald Dahl (1916–1990), a renowned children's author, gentleman spy, connoisseur, and philanthropist of his time. Data sources for the analysis included primary and secondary sources, and only publically available and published materials on his life. Alexander's (1988, 1990) psychobiographical guidelines for saliency were used to identify and extract significant biographical themes and units for analysis. The evidence suggests Dahl to present with aggressive, indulgent and neurotic personality traits. He also used sublimation as coping mechanism to express his anxiety and emotional pain through sport and writing. In conclusion, Dahl's psychosexual development generally conformed to the developmental trajectory and stages identified by Freud.
Supply Frequency Tracking in Resistance-Based Induction Motor's Rotor Temperature Estimation

In resistance-based rotor temperature estimation schemes, a grid-connected induction motor's rotor temperature is derived from a resistance quantity based on an equivalent circuit model. This temperature is susceptible to fluctuations in the motor's supply frequency. In this paper, the relationship between supply frequency fluctuations and accuracy in resistance-based rotor temperature estimates is analyzed, and a complex adaptive phase discriminator is proposed to track the supply frequency fluctuations for grid-connected induction motors. A complex voltage vector is constructed from polyphase voltage measurements and passed through a frequency-selective digital filter to attenuate harmonics and interference. The complex adaptive phase discriminator then operates on the filtered voltage signal, iteratively adapting a complex reference signal's phase to align it with the filtered voltage signal. The power grid's supply frequency is directly estimated from the adapted phase on a sample-by-sample basis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed complex adaptive phase discriminator helps produce rotor temperature estimates with increased accuracy.
Socio-cultural risk? Reporting on a Qualitative Study with Female Street-Based Sex Workers

Risk narratives are of increasing importance in contemporary social life in that they help in understanding and anticipating the shifts that characterise our late modern landscape. Our qualitative research explores risk as it relates to violence toward street-based sex workers in a suburban Australian setting. Female street-based sex workers represent a highly stigmatised and marginalised group. International studies report that they experience high levels of sexual violence perpetrated by male clients and our empirical work with street-based sex workers in Adelaide, South Australia concurs with this finding. Despite many creative and specialized skills workers reported drawing upon to minimise the risk of violence to themselves, we argue that a socio-cultural lens is vital to viewing risk in this context. We argue that in order to effect change, risk must be disembedded from increasingly individualized discourses, since it is through the personalisation of risk that violence becomes legitimised as an occupational hazard in street-based sex work.
Performance Analysis of Amplify-and-Forward Cooperative Communication Systems with Channel Estimation Errors over Nakagami-m Channels

We analyze the impact of channel estimation errors on amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative communication systems over Nakagami-m fading channels. We derive exact closed-form expression of the average symbol error rate (SER) with channel estimation errors by using the moment-generating function (MGF) based approach. Numerical results confirm that our theoretical analysis is very accurate.
Large-Scale Antenna Systems With UL/DL Hardware Mismatch: Achievable Rates Analysis and Calibration

This paper studies the impact of hardware mismatch (11M) between the base station (BS) and the user equipment (UE) in the downlink (DL) of large-scale antenna systems. Analytical expressions to predict the achievable rates are derived for different precoding methods, i.e., matched filter (MF) and regularized zero-forcing (RZF), using large system analysis techniques. Furthermore, the upper bounds on achievable rates of MF and RZF with 11M are investigated, which are related to the statistics of the circuit gains of the mismatched hardware. Moreover, we present a study of 11M calibration, where we take zero-forcing (ZF) precoding as an example to compare two 11M calibration schemes, i.e., Pre-precoding Calibration (Pre-Cal) and Post-precoding Calibration (Post-Cal). The analysis shows that Pre-Cal outperforms Post-Cal schemes. Monte-Carlo simulations are carried out, and numerical results demonstrate the correctness of the analysis.
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CONTRIBUTION OF SCHUMPETER TO UNDERSTANDING ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The present article examines Schumpeter’s influence on the study of entrepreneurship in the academic literature on organizations, and assesses in what ways his works may be of further relevance to this literature. A comprehensive assessment of Schumpeter’s works on entrepreneurship is provided in order to identify insights of practical and theoretical relevance to contemporary research. In particular, we also draw on sources that are little known, little referenced and in most cases only published in German in order to distil Schumpeter’s insights on entrepreneurship. Considering those rather neglected works of Schumpeter’s, the article adds new insights to research on entrepreneurship in the contemporary literature on organizations.
The Impact of Cognitive Style Balance: How Cognitive Style of Intuitive and Analytic Manager Team Members affects New Product Development Performance

Prior studies have explored that certain jobs are correlating with specific cognitive styles. Analytic or intuitive people may have an advantage under particular circumstances. This research paper assumes and test if NPD teams composed of intuitive managers and analytic non-managers perform generally better than teams composed of analytic managers and intuitive non-managers. To test the hypothesis data from almost 200 individuals in 61 projects is gathered. After filtration 50 teams were remaining for a validated analysis. The investigation has shown that there is no significant association between the two cognitive style index (CSI) team composition types and team performance.
A Critical Realist and Multimethodology Framework for Product Placement Research

This article contributes to the existing literature by examining the appropriate philosophical and methodological foundations for research in marketing communication that has yet to be discussed. In particular, this article argues that the ontological, epistemological, and methodological underpinnings of a critical realist paradigm could be a meaningful alternative to the predominant positivism in product placement research. Under a critical realist framework, several unexplored areas in product placement research are identified and a multimethodology approach is proposed to expand the scope of knowledge in the field. The discussion ends with some ethical concerns and the major contributions to the discipline with regards to Habermas's three worlds: the material, social, and personal worlds.
Distinct patterns of germ‐line deletions in MLH1 and MSH2: the implication of Alu repetitive element in the genetic etiology of Lynch syndrome (HNPCC)

A relatively high frequency of germ‐line genomic rearrangements in MLH1 and MSH2 has been reported among Lynch Syndrome (HNPCC) patients from different ethnic populations. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we characterized the DNA breakpoints of 11 germ‐line deletions, six for MLH1 and five for MSH2. Distinct deletion patterns were found for the two genes. The five cases of MSH2 deletions result exclusively from intragenic unequal recombination mediated by repetitive Alu sequences. In contrast, five out of the six MLH1 deletions are due to recombinations involving sequences of no significant homology (P=0.015). A detailed analysis of the DNA breakpoints in the two genes, previously characterized by other groups, validated the observation that Alu‐mediated unequal recombination is the main type of deletion in MSH2 (n=34), but not in MLH1 (n=21) (P<0.0001). Plotting the distribution of known DNA breakpoints among the introns of the two genes showed that, the highest breakpoint density is co‐localized with the highest Alu density. Our study suggests that Alu is a promoting factor for the genomic recombinations in both MLH1 and MSH2, and the local Alu density may be involved in shaping the deletion pattern. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Locally advanced prostate cancer: Biochemical results from a prospective phase II study of intermittent androgen suppression for men with evidence of prostate‐specific antigen recurrence after radiotherapy

I n the article by Bruchovsky et al., intermittent androgen suppression was evaluated in patients with clinically locally advanced prostate cancer who developed biochemical disease recurrence after radiotherapy. We consider it to be of utmost important to improve currently existing knowledge regarding intermittent androgen suppression, which could be a feasible approach as adjuvant or salvage therapy for prostate cancer in selected patients. The authors concluded that the baseline and nadir levels of prostate-specific antigen aremajor predictors of response to androgen suppression. Nevertheless, it was not clear whether patients suspected of having local disease recurrence rather than systemic disease recurrence (and who therefore had disease that was amenable to local salvage treatment with curative intent rather than androgen suppression) were excluded from this analysis. Furthermore, it is unclear which definition of biochemical disease recurrence after radiotherapy was considered by the authors because false diagnoses of biochemical disease recurrence are not infrequent in prostate cancer patients who are treated with radiotherapy. We believe that including patients with local disease recurrence or a false diagnosis of biochemical disease recurrence could have biased the results of the study by Bruchovsky et al. Finally, it is important to remember that the combination of cyproterone acetate and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) analogue is reported to have a significantly more unfavorable outcome compared with the use of Gn-RH alone and an even worse outcome compared with maximum androgen blockade with nilutamide or flutamide.
Comparative analysis of IRF and IFN‐alpha expression in human plasmacytoid and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC) produce high levels of type I IFN upon stimulation with viruses, while monocytes and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (MDDC) produce significantly lower levels. To find what determines the high production of type I IFN in PDC, we examined the relative levels of IRF transcription factors, some of which play critical roles in the induction of IFN. Furthermore, to determine whether the differences could result from expression of distinct IFNA subtypes, the profile of IFNA genes expressed was examined. PDC responded equally well to stimulation with HSV‐1 and Sendai virus (SV) by producing high levels of type I IFN, whereas the MDDC and monocyte response to SV were lower, and neither responded well to HSV‐1. All three populations constitutively expressed most of the IRF genes. However, real‐time RT‐PCR demonstrated increased levels of IRF‐7 transcripts in PDC compared with monocytes. As determined by intracellular flow cytometry, the PDC constitutively expressed significantly higher levels of IRF‐7 protein than the other populations while IRF‐3 levels were similar among populations. Analysis of the profile of IFNA genes expressed in virus‐stimulated PDC, monocytes and MDDC demonstrated that each population expressed IFNA1 as the major subtype but that the range of the subtypes expressed in PDC was broader, with some donor and stimulus‐dependent variability. We conclude that PDC but not MDDC are uniquely preprogrammed to respond rapidly and effectively to a range of viral pathogens with high levels of IFN‐α production due to the high levels of constitutively expressed IRF‐7.
Viral membrane proteins acquire galactose in trans Golgi cisternae during intracellular transport

Frozen, thin sections of baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells were incubated with either concanavalin A (Con A) or Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA) to localize specific oligosaccharide moieties in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi membranes. These lectins were then visualized using an anti-lectin antibody followed by protein A conjugated to colloidal gold. All Golgi cisternae and all ER membranes were uniformly labeled by Con A. In contrast, RCA gave a uniform labeling of only half to three-quarters of those cisternae on the trans side of the Golgi stack; one or two cis Golgi cisternae and all ER membranes were essentially unlabeled. This pattern of lectin labeling was not affected by infection of the cells with Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Infected cells transport only viral spike glycoproteins from their site of synthesis in the ER to the cell surface via the stacks of Golgi cisternae where many of the simple oligosaccharids on the spike proteins are converted to complex ones (Green, J., G. Griffiths, D. Louvard, P. Quinn, and G. Warren. 1981. J. Mol. Biol. 152:663-698). It is these complex oligosaccharides that were shown, by immunoblotting experiments, to be specifically recognized by RCA. Loss of spike proteins from Golgi cisternae after cycloheximide treatment (Green et al.) was accompanied by a 50% decrease in the level of RCA binding. Hence, about half of the RCA bound to Golgi membranes in thin sections was bound to spike proteins bearing complex oligosaccharides and these were restricted to the trans part of the Golgi stack. Our results strongly suggest that complex oligosaccharides are constructed in trans Golgi cisternae and that the overall movement of spike proteins is from the cis to the trans side of the Golgi stack.
Designing scalar quantizers with secrecy constraints

We consider the design of channel-optimized scalar quantizers for secure communications. We derive necessary conditions for an optimal system for which the eavesdropper's minimum achievable distortion is higher then a prescribed threshold. Moreover, we present an iterative optimization scheme for the quantizer design, which follows the spirit of the Lloyd-Max algorithm. Our quantizer design offers secrecy gains when the channel to the eavesdropper is worse than that of the legitimate receiver. When the channel to the eavesdropper is better than that of the legitimate receiver we are able to mitigate the eavesdropper's advantage by increasing its distortion above the prescribed level.
Privacy-Preserving and Multi-Dimensional Range Query in Two-Tiered Wireless Sensor Networks

With the advancement of sensor electronic devices, wireless sensor networks have attracted more and more attention. Range query has become a significant part of sensor networks due to its availability and convenience. However, It is challenging to process range query while still protecting sensitive data from disclosure. Existing work mainly focuses on privacy- preserving range query, but neglects the damage of collusion attacks, probability attacks and differential attacks. In this paper, we propose a privacy- preserving, energy-efficient and multi-dimensional range query protocol called PERQ, which not only achieves data privacy, but also considers collusion attacks, probability attacks and differential attacks. Generalized distance-based and modular arithmetic range query mechanism are used. In addition, a novel cyclic modular verification scheme is proposed to verify the data integrity. Extensive theoretical analysis and experimental results confirm the high performance of PERQ in terms of energy efficiency, security and accountability requirements.