Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High level techniques for power-grid noise immunity

Power-grid networks are very important aspects of large scale integrated systems. In the modern deep sub-micron era these networks are prone to many sources of noise hence making the voltage supply uctuate. This Vdd-Ground noise can have detrimental effect on design quality. This paper presents a unique strategy of achieving noise immunity through voltage scheduling in Data Flow Graphs (DFGs). A dynamic programming based approach is applied to obtain noise immunity by imposing a grid on the voltage axis. We also present a unique way of including resource binding information into the algorithm. Experimental results indicated that considerable amount of Vdd-noise immunity is achieved for the selected benchmarks.
Named entity recognition with document-specific KB tag gazetteers

We consider a novel setting for Named Entity Recognition (NER) where we have access to document-specific knowledge base tags. These tags consist of a canonical name from a knowledge base (KB) and entity type, but are not aligned to the text. We explore how to use KB tags to create document-specific gazetteers at inference time to improve NER. We find that this kind of supervision helps recognise organisations more than standard widecoverage gazetteers. Moreover, augmenting document-specific gazetteers with KB information lets users specify fewer tags for the same performance, reducing cost.
Shape Primitive Histogram: A Novel Low-Level Face Representation for Face Recognition

We further exploit the representational power of Haar wavelet and present a novel low-level face representation named Shape Primitives Histogram (SPH) for face recognition. Since human faces exist abundant shape features, we address the face representation issue from the perspective of the shape feature extraction. In our approach, we divide faces into a number of tiny shape fragments and reduce these shape fragments to several uniform atomic shape patterns called Shape Primitives. A convolution with Haar Wavelet templates is applied to each shape fragment to identify its belonging shape primitive. After that, we do a histogram statistic of shape primitives in each spatial local image patch for incorporating the spatial information. Finally, each face is represented as a feature vector via concatenating all the local histograms of shape primitives. Four popular face databases, namely ORL, AR, Yale-B and LFW-a databases, are employed to evaluate SPH and experimentally study the choices of the parameters. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperform the state-of-the-arts.
Methods for extracting place semantics from Flickr tags

We describe an approach for extracting semantics for tags, unstructured text-labels assigned to resources on the Web, based on each tag's usage patterns. In particular, we focus on the problem of extracting place semantics for tags that are assigned to photos on Flickr, a popular-photo sharing Web site that supports location (latitude/longitude) metadata for photos. We propose the adaptation of two baseline methods, inspired by well-known burst-analysis techniques, for the task; we also describe two novel methods, TagMaps and scale-structure identification. We evaluate the methods on a subset of Flickr data. We show that our scale-structure identification method outperforms existing techniques and that a hybrid approach generates further improvements (achieving 85% precision at 81% recall). The approach and methods described in this work can be used in other domains such as geo-annotated Web pages, where text terms can be extracted and associated with usage patterns.
Title X: three decades of accomplishment.

The federal government made its first grants to support the provision of family planning services in 1965 as part of the Johnson administration’s War on Poverty, a move that led to a patchwork of widely varying publicly subsidized family planning programs across the country over the next several years. Since states largely controlled the little funding available under these disparate programs, service availability, eligibility criteria and benefit levels varied widely. That uneven landscape changed dramatically in 1970, when Congress enacted Title X of the Public Health Service Act, the only federal program—then and now—devoted solely to the provision of family planning services nationwide. With strong bipartisan support, Title X sought to fulfill President Richard M. Nixon’s historical 1969 promise that “no American woman should be denied access to family planning assistance because of her economic condition. ”
Antigen-pulsed dendritic cells can efficiently induce an antibody response in vivo

The aim of this study was to develop an immunization procedure avoiding external adjuvant. Data are presented showing that syngeneic dendritic cells (DC), which have been pulsed in vitro with antigen, induce a strong antibody response in mice. By contrast, antigen (Ag)-pulsed low- density B cells, although equally able to induce interleukin 2 secretion by an Ag-specific T cell hybridoma in vitro, only weakly prime the mice in vivo. Moreover, we show that the injection of Ag- pulsed DC induces the synthesis of isotypes similar to the immunoglobulin classes detected after immunization with the same Ag in complete Freund's adjuvant. Importantly, high amounts of IgG2a antibodies are produced, suggesting that T helper type 1 cells are activated. Collectively, these data indicate that DC can initiate a primary humoral response and that they may be used as physiological adjuvant in vivo.
Arterial wall thickness and blood pressure in children who were born small for gestational age: correlation with umbilical cord high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

Background: Small for gestational age (SGA) infants have an increased risk of later cardiovascular disease. At birth, high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), a prognostic marker of cardiovascular disease, is significantly higher in SGA than in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Aim: To measure aortic and carotid intima-media thickness (aIMT, cIMT) and blood pressure (BP) in children (aged 3–5 years) who were born SGA and AGA, and to assess the correlation between hs-CRP concentrations obtained at birth and these haemodynamic variables. Methods: Umbilical cord hs-CRP concentrations were obtained in 38 neonates. In the same subjects aged 3–5 years, aIMT and cIMT were measured by high-resolution ultrasound scan, in the dorsal arterial wall. Anthropometric variables and BPs were obtained for each child. Results: Maximum (median 0.700 mm, range 0.500–1.080 vs 0.650 mm, 0.400–0.860; p = 0.32) aIMTs were similar between children who were born SGA (n = 17) and AGA (n = 21), respectively. Concentrations of hs-CRP were not correlated with IMTs. In children who were born SGA, systolic BP was significantly correlated with umbilical cord hs-CRP concentrations (r = 0.60; p = 0.009). Conclusions: Children who were born SGA have a higher, although not significant, aortic thickening than those who were born AGA. Umbilical cord hs-CRP concentrations do not seem to be involved in this process. Instead, hs-CRP concentrations were significantly related to systolic BP values in children who were born SGA, suggesting that hs-CRP at birth could be associated with sympathetic system hyperactivity and with the stress response during childhood.
Self-Perceived Knowledge of the O.J. Simpson Trial: Third-Person Perception and Perceptions of Guilt

This study tested the “third-person effect” during the O.J. Simpson double-murder trial. The perceptual component of the third-person effect predicts that people judge themselves to be less susceptible to media influence than other people. Findings from a nationwide telephone survey indicated that respondents' self-perceived knowledge about the legal issues involved in the Simpson trial was correlated with third-person perception of a perceived “neutral” media message. Self-perceived knowledge was not correlated with third-person perceptual bias of a perceived “biased” message. It was suggested that the biased message primed respondents' perceptions of Simpson's guilt or innocence. The relative contributions of various predictors of third-person perception were assessed using regression analysis.
A High-Throughput–Compatible 3D Microtissue Co-Culture System for Phenotypic RNAi Screening Applications

Cancer cells in vivo are coordinately influenced by an interactive 3D microenvironment. However, identification of drug targets and initial target validations are usually performed in 2D cell culture systems. The opportunity to design 3D co-culture models that reflect, at least in part, these heterotypic interactions, when coupled with RNA interference, would enable investigations on the phenotypic impact of gene function in a model that more closely resembles tumor growth in vivo. Here we describe a high-throughput–compatible method to discover cancer gene functions in a co-culture 3D tumor microtissue model system composed of human DLD1 colon cancer cells together with murine fibroblasts. Strikingly, DLD1 cells in this model failed to expand upon siRNA-mediated depletion of Kif11/Eg5, a member of the mitotic kinesin-like motor protein family. In contrast, these cancer cells proved to be more resistant to Kif11/Eg5 depletion when grown as a 2D monolayer. These results suggest that growth of certain cancer cells in 3D versus 2D can unveil differential dependencies on specific genes for their survival. Moreover, they denote that the high-throughput–compatible, hanging drop technology-based 3D co-culture model will enable the discovery, characterization, and validation of gene functions in key biological and pathological processes.
The Design of Spelling to Match Needs and Abilities

Valerie Yule writes about the importance and timeliness of systematic changes in the spelling of English and considers the wide range of learning needs of language users as well as the traditional assumptions which account for the resistance to spelling change. English spelling, the author suggests, not only makes the achievement of literacy generally difficult but results in the uneven distribution of power and opportunity. She proposes areas for research that could lead to creative and practical ways to resolve these difficulties.
Learning Knowledge Bases for Multimedia in 2015

Knowledge acquisition, representation, and reasoning has been one of the long-standing challenges in artificial intelligence and related application areas. Only in the past few years, massive amounts of structured and semi-structured data that directly or indirectly encode human knowledge be- came widely available, turning the knowledge representation problems into a computational grand challenge with feasible solutions in sight. The research and development on knowledge bases is becoming a lively fusion area among web in- formation extraction, machine learning, databases and information retrieval, with knowledge over images and multimedia emerging as another new frontier of representation and acquisition. This tutorial aims to present a gentle overview of knowledge bases on text and multimedia, including representation, acquisition, and inference. In particular, the 2015 edition of the tutorial will include recent progress from several active research communities: web, natural language processing, and computer vision and multimedia.
Symbol Error Rate Analysis of Spatially Correlated Keyhole MIMO Channels with Space-Time Block Coding and Linear Precoding

This paper derives exact expressions for the symbol error rate (SER) of orthogonal space-time block codes over a spatially correlated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel, in which the signal propagation suffers from a keyhole effect. A correlated double Rayleigh fading keyhole channel is assumed and easy to evaluate expressions are presented for multi- level phase shift keying (M-PSK), pulse amplitude modulation (M-PAM), and quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM). These expressions are verified by estimating the SER via the simulation of the MIMO system. The given expressions are then used to quantify the performance improvements attainable with minimum SER linear precoding over a correlated keyhole channel. I. INTRODUCTION work, this paper derives the exact expression for SER of OSTBCs over spatially correlated double Rayleigh fading keyhole MIMO channels with precoding in the transmitter. In particular, we derive easy to evaluate analytical expressions for SER of M-PSK, M-PAM, and M-QAM signaling. These results are generalizations of those in (6) to include precoding and spatial correlation in the keyhole channel. Numerical results are presented to confirm that our analytical expressions agree with those obtained by simulation of the OSTBC-MIMO systems. Based on the SER expressions, we also investigate the performance improvements achievable with linear pre- coders optimized for the correlation statistics of the keyhole MIMO channel. These precoders are found by minimizing the SER expressions with respect to the precoder matrix. It is well known that, when the transmitter has side information about the channel correlation matrix, then the performance of OSTBCs can be improved by using a precoder at the MIMO channel input, see (8), (9) and the references therein. To our knowledge, precoding for keyhole channels has not been considered before. The results presented in this paper show that a significant reduction in SER can be obtained at moderate to low channel signal to noise ratios, by including a minimum SER precoder in the transmitter. We also show that many properties of the minimum SER precoders for Rayleigh (10) and Ricean (9) MIMO channels also hold true for the double Rayleigh fading keyhole channel as well.
Evolutionary Bayesian fusion for transformers fault detection

This paper presents an evolutionary Bayesian fusion method for transformer fault detection. It adopts Bayesian Network (BN) to explore the causal relationship between different potential faults inside transformer and fault symptoms; and then such knowledge is used to identify the fault types of transformer. Since Bayesian network acquires fault evidence gradually and transformer fault diagnosis is also an evolutionary process, the proposed method determines an optimal set of measurements, which need to be performed at each diagnostic step. This methodology can improve the accuracy of transformer fault identification while improve the efficiency of diagnostic process since the number of required measurements is minimized and only meaningful fault evidences are used in fault identification. Case studies are presented to verify the proposed method.
Arabidopsis R-SNARE Proteins VAMP721 and VAMP722 Are Required for Cell Plate Formation

Background Cell plate formation during plant cytokinesis is facilitated by SNARE complex-mediated vesicle fusion at the cell-division plane. However, our knowledge regarding R-SNARE components of membrane fusion machinery for cell plate formation remains quite limited. Methodology/Principal Findings We report the in vivo function of Arabidopsis VAMP721 and VAMP722, two closely sequence-related R-SNAREs, in cell plate formation. Double homozygous vamp721vamp722 mutant seedlings showed lethal dwarf phenotypes and were characterized by rudimentary roots, cotyledons and hypocotyls. Furthermore, cell wall stubs and incomplete cytokinesis were frequently observed in vamp721vamp722 seedlings. Confocal images revealed that green fluorescent protein-tagged VAMP721 and VAMP722 were preferentially localized to the expanding cell plates in dividing cells. Drug treatments and co-localization analyses demonstrated that punctuate organelles labeled with VAMP721 and VAMP722 represented early endosomes overlapped with VHA-a1-labeled TGN, which were distinct from Golgi stacks and prevacuolar compartments. In addition, protein traffic to the plasma membrane, but not to the vacuole, was severely disrupted in vamp721vamp722 seedlings by subcellular localization of marker proteins. Conclusion/Significance These observations suggest that VAMP721 and VAMP722 are involved in secretory trafficking to the plasma membrane via TGN/early endosomal compartment, which contributes substantially to cell plate formation during plant cytokinesis.
Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) expression and survival in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic role of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) expression in surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patient characteristics and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 369 stage I-II-IIIA, surgically resected, NSCLC patients. Patients exposed to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents were excluded. IGF1R expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarray sections. RESULTS A positive IGF1R expression (score > or = 100) was observed in 282 cases (76.4%) and was significantly associated with squamous cell histology (P = 0.04) and with grade III differentiation (P = 0.02). No difference in survival was observed between the positive and negative group when score 100 was used as cut-off for discriminating a positive versus a negative IGF1R result (52 versus 48 months, P = 0.99) or when median value of IGF1R expression was used (45 versus 55 months, P = 0.36). No difference in survival was observed between IGF1R-positive and -negative patients in a subgroup of stage I-II adenocarcinoma (n = 137) with known EGFR mutation and copy number status. CONCLUSIONS IGF1R expression does not represent a prognostic factor in resected NSCLC patients. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma overexpress IGF1R more frequently than patients with nonsquamous histology, justifying the different sensitivity to anti-IGF1R agents observed in clinical trials.
Phenotypic and genotypic variation in methylases involved in type II restriction-modification systems in Helicobacter pylori.

To determine relationships between Helicobacter pylori geographical origin and type II methylase activity, we examined 122 strains from various locations around the world for methylase expression. Most geographic regions possessed at least one strain resistant to digestion by each of 14 restriction endonucleases studied. Across all of the strains studied, the average number of active methylases was 8.2 +/- 1.9 with no significant variation between the major geographic regions. Although seven pairs of isolates showed the same susceptibility patterns, their cagA/vacA status differed, and the remaining 108 strains each possessed unique patterns of susceptibility. From a single clonal group, 15 of 18 strains showed identical patterns of resistance, but diverged with respect to M.MboII activity. All of the methylases studied were present in all major human population groupings, suggesting that their horizontal acquisition pre-dated the separation of these populations. For the hpyV and hpyAIV restriction-modification systems, an in-depth analysis of genotype, indicating extensive diversity of cassette size and chromosomal locations regardless of the susceptibility phenotype, points toward substantial strain-specific selection involving these loci.
Constrained Maximum Flow in Stochastic Networks

Solving network flow problems is a fundamental component of traffic engineering and many communications applications, such as content delivery or multi-processor scheduling. While a rich body of work has addressed network flow problems in "deterministic networks" finding flows in "stochastic networks" where performance metrics like bandwidth and delay are uncertain and solely known by a probability distribution based on historical data, has received less attention. The work on stochastic networks has predominantly been directed to developing single-path routing algorithms, instead of addressing multi-path routing or flow problems. In this paper, we study constrained maximum flow problems in stochastic networks, where the delay and bandwidth of links are assumed to follow a log-concave probability distribution, which is the case for many distributions that could represent bandwidth and delay. We formulate the maximum-flow problem in such stochastic networks as a convex optimization problem, with a polynomial (in the input) number of variables. When an additional delay constraint is imposed, we show that the problem becomes NP-hard and we propose an approximation algorithm based on convex optimization. Furthermore, we develop a fast heuristic algorithm that, with a tuning parameter, is able to balance accuracy and speed. In a simulation-based evaluation of our algorithms in terms of success ratio, flow values, and running time, our heuristic is shown to give good results in a short running time.
Effects of Women’s Stress-Elicited Physiological Activity and Chronic Anxiety on Fetal Heart Rate

ABSTRACT. This study examined the effects of pregnant women’s acute stress reactivity and chronic anxiety on fetal heart rate (HR). Thirty-two healthy third trimester pregnant women were instrumented to monitor continuous electrocardiography, blood pressure, respiration, and fetal HR. Subjects completed the trait anxiety subscale of the State Trait Anxiety Index, then rested quietly for a 5-minute baseline period, followed by a 5-minute Stroop color-word matching task and a 5-minute recovery period. Fetal HR changes during women’s recovery from a stressful task were associated with the women’s concurrently collected HR and blood pressure changes (r = .63, p < .05). Fetal HR changes during recovery, as well as during women’s exposure to the Stroop task, were correlated with their mothers’ trait anxiety scores (r = .39, p < .05 and r = −.52, p < .01, respectively). Finally, a combination of measures of women’s cardiovascular activity during recovery and trait anxiety scores accounted for two thirds of the variance in fetal HR changes during the same recovery period (R2 = .69, p < .001). The results from this study link changes in fetal behavior with acute changes in women’s cardiovascular activity after psychological stress and women’s anxiety status. This indicates that variations in women’s emotion-based physiological activity can affect the fetus and may be centrally important to fetal development.
Deep CNN Ensemble with Data Augmentation for Object Detection

We report on the methods used in our recent DeepEnsembleCoco submission to the PASCAL VOC 2012 challenge, which achieves state-of-the-art performance on the object detection task. Our method is a variant of the R-CNN model proposed Girshick:CVPR14 with two key improvements to training and evaluation. First, our method constructs an ensemble of deep CNN models with different architectures that are complementary to each other. Second, we augment the PASCAL VOC training set with images from the Microsoft COCO dataset to significantly enlarge the amount training data. Importantly, we select a subset of the Microsoft COCO images to be consistent with the PASCAL VOC task. Results on the PASCAL VOC evaluation server show that our proposed method outperform all previous methods on the PASCAL VOC 2012 detection task at time of submission.