Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Review of Clustered-Code Analysis Warnings

While software verification using static analysis tools has proved its significance in early defect detection, the tools often fail to analyze many real world systems. Clustering, breaking a system into multiple clusters, is commonly used technique to scale these tools to large systems. Due to the imprecise nature of static analysis and the conservative approach taken for the inter-cluster communication (data sharing), a large number of analysis warnings are generated. All these reported warnings need to be reviewed manually to check if they represent a defect, and it is a time consuming process. We observe many of the reported warnings are common to multiple clusters and reviewing each of them individually incurs redundancy. We present an approach to improve the manual review process by eliminating the redundancy. This is achieved by grouping the inter-cluster common warnings such that review of a grouped warning under given constraint guarantees same review judgment for the other cluster warnings in the same group. Empirical results obtained with the presented approach indicate that -- a) on an average, 45% of total warnings are common to multiple clusters, and b) with the proposed grouping technique, the manual efforts required to review these common warnings are reduced by 60%.
The effect of habitat on the range expansion of a native and an introduced bird species

Aim Range expansion across a heterogeneous landscape may depend on the habitat selected and used by the expanding species. If habitat selection influences range expansion then localities colonized by a species should contain a greater proportion of favoured habitat (and less non‐habitat) than other nearby localities not colonized. White‐winged doves (Zenaida asiatica) and Eurasian collared doves (Streptopelia decaocto) are two bird species that provide an excellent opportunity to test this hypothesis, because the geographic ranges of both species have been expanding in North America for more than two decades.
Experimental Investigation of Chaos in Input Regulated Solar PV Powered Cuk Converter

experimental study deals with the investigation of chaos during the regulation of output voltage of solar photovoltaic module. The Cuk converter is used as an interface between solar PV module and load, since the Cuk converter is the good choice for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuits. The input voltage of the converter is controlled in order to regulate the operating point of the solar PV module. This paper proposes to design PID controller to obtain the input voltage of the converter is chaotic free and regulated one. The PID controller improves the transient response on the input voltage of the converter, avoids oscillation, overshoot, making easier the functioning of MPPT methods and ensures period -1 operation. General terms Analyze, verification
An Investigation of the Glucose Monitoring Practices of Nurses in Stroke Care: A Descriptive Cohort Study

Glucose derangement is commonly observed among adults admitted to hospital with acute stroke. This paper presents the findings from a descriptive cohort study that investigated the glucose monitoring practices of nurses caring for adults admitted to hospital with stroke or transient ischaemic attack. We found that a history of diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with initiation of glucose monitoring and higher frequency of that monitoring. Glucose monitoring was continued for a significantly longer duration of days for adults with a history of diabetes mellitus, when compared to the remainder of the cohort. As glucose monitoring was not routine practice for adults with no history of diabetes mellitus, the detection and treatment of hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia events could be delayed. There was a significant positive association between the admission hospital that is most likely to offer stroke unit care and the opportunity for glucose monitoring. We concluded that adults with acute stroke, irrespective of their diabetes mellitus status prior to admission to hospital, are vulnerable to both hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic events. This study suggests that the full potential of nurses in the monitoring of glucose among hospitalised adults with stroke has yet to be realised.
Private Social Network Data Sharing

The increasing popularity of online social network brings huge privacy threat for the end users. While existing work focus on inferring sensitive attributes from the social network such as age, location and gender, little has been done on how to protect the users' privacy by preventing the malicious inference. In this paper we investigated the privacy vulnerability of the existing social network and designed a privacy-preserving framework. We evaluated the framework's privacy and usefulness guarantees, demonstrated its effectiveness on classification and the defense against the privacy attack.
A Framework for Combining State Interpolation and Partial Order Reduction

We address the problem of reasoning about interleavings in safety verification of concurrent programs. In the literature, there are two prominent techniques for pruning the search space. First, there is statebased interpolation where a collection of formulas can be generalized by taking into account the property to be verified. Second, there are tracebased methods, collectively known as “Partial Order Reduction (POR)”, which operate by weakening the concept of a trace by abstracting the total order of its transitions into a partial order. Our main contribution is a framework that synergistically combines state interpolation with POR so that the sum is more than its parts.
Structure-Aware Slow Feature Analysis for Age Estimation

As an important and challenging problem in computer vision, face age estimation is typically cast as a classification or regression problem over a set of face samples. However, most existing efforts to age estimation usually cope with the face samples individually, which do not take full advantage of the temporal structure and contextual structure of the face samples. In this letter, we propose an age estimation approach named structure-aware slow feature analysis, which is capable of effectively capturing the structure of human faces in the aspects of time-related smoothness for progressive age variation as well as face-related attribute constraints for face age consistency. As a result, we present an iterative optimization scheme to effectively learn the slowly varying feature transformation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the Morph dataset.
Mangafodipir Protects against Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Mice

Introduction and Aim Mangafodipir is a contrast agent used in magnetic resonance imaging that concentrates in the liver and displays pleiotropic antioxidant properties. Since reactive oxygen species are involved in ischemia-reperfusion damages, we hypothesized that the use of mangafodipir could prevent liver lesions in a mouse model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury. Mangafodipir (MnDPDP) was compared to ischemic preconditioning and intermittent inflow occlusion for the prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse. Methods Mice were subjected to 70% hepatic ischemia (continuous ischemia) for 90 min. Thirty minutes before the ischemic period, either mangafodipir (10 mg/kg) or saline was injected intraperitoneally. Those experimental groups were compared with one group of mice preconditioned by 10 minutes' ischemia followed by 15 minutes' reperfusion, and one group with intermittent inflow occlusion. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury was evaluated by measurement of serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activity, histologic analysis of the livers, and determination of hepatocyte apoptosis (cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activity). The effect of mangafodipir on the survival rate of mice was studied in a model of total hepatic ischemia. Results Mangafodipir prevented experimental hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries in the mouse as indicated by a reduction in serum ASAT activity (P<0.01), in liver tissue damages, in markers of apoptosis (P<0.01), and by higher rates of survival in treated than in untreated animals (P<0.001). The level of protection by mangafodipir was similar to that observed following intermittent inflow occlusion and higher than after ischemic preconditioning. Conclusions Mangafodipir is a potential new preventive treatment for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The Carologistics RoboCup Logistics Team 2014

In this team description paper, we outline the approach of the Carologistics team with an emphasis on the high-level reasoning system and our simulation to develop it. We outline the hardware modifications and describe our software systems and describe our efforts towards a fully autonomous referee box. The team members in 2014 are Daniel Ewert, Alexander Ferrein, Nicolas Limpert, Matthias Lobach, Randolph Maasen, Victor Matare, Tobias Neumann, Tim Niemueller, Florian Nolden, Sebastian Reuter, Johannes Rothe, and Frederik Zwilling.
Triple-branch MRC Diversity in Weibull Fading Channels

In this paper a performance analysis of triple-branch maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity receivers operating over an arbitrarily correlated Weibull fading environment is presented. For the trivariate Weibull distribution infinite series representations for the joint probability density function (PDF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) are derived. Moreover, a novel analytical expression for the joint moment-generating function (MGF) is presented. It is assumed that the arbitrarily correlated variates do not necessarily have identical fading parameters and average powers. These series representations are readily applicable to the performance analysis of a triple-branch MRC receiver. Furthermore, the average bit error probability (ABEP) is then derived and analytically studied. The proposed mathematical analysis is accompanied by various numerical results, with parameters of interest the fading severity, the correlation and the power decay factor.
A study of intonation patterns in speech expressing emotion or attitude: production and perception

In a production and a perception study, the relation between the emotion or attitude expressed in an utterance, and the intonation pattern realized on that utterance was investigated. In the production study, the pitch contours of emotional utterances were labelled in terms of the IPO intonation grammar. One intonation pattern, the I&A, was produced in all emotions studied. Some other patterns were specifically used in expressing some emotions. In the perception study checking the perceptual relevance of these findings, the role of the patterns present in the database was tested. A listening test provided converging evidence on the contribution of specific intonation patterns in the perception of some of the emotions and attitudes studied. Some intonation patterns, such as final3C and 12, which were specifically produced in some emotion, e.g., indignation, also introduced a perceptual bias towards that emotion. In that sense, the results from the perception study supported the results from the production study.
A pattern reconfigurable automotive LTE antenna employing synthesized radiation patterns

This work presents a pattern reconfigurable automotive antenna optimized for the 2.6GHz band reserved in Europe for the use of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication standard. Pattern reconfiguration is the ability of an antenna to switch between at least two fixed radiation patterns (states). In this work a special feeding network utilizing PIN diodes is used to switch between the two states. One possible trigger for the switching from one to another reconfiguration state is a bad SNR, a condition to achieve a diversity gain. A special antenna synthesis method was used to determine the antenna radiation patterns to be used for pattern reconfiguration. Finally the antenna is simulated, fabricated and measured.
Plasma C-Peptide, Mammographic Breast Density, and Risk of Invasive Breast Cancer

Background: Insulin may promote breast cancer directly by stimulating the insulin receptor or indirectly by increasing the plasma concentration of active sex hormones. The association between insulin and breast density, a strong breast cancer risk factor, has not been thoroughly studied. We measured associations between c-peptide (a molar marker of insulin secretion), breast cancer risk, and breast density measurements in case–control studies nested within the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II cohorts. Methods: Breast cancer associations were estimated with multivariate logistic regression models and then pooled across cohorts (total n = 1,084 cases and 1,785 controls). Mammographic density associations (percent dense area, dense area, and nondense area) were estimated as the difference in least-square means of the density parameters between quartiles of c-peptide concentration in all breast cancer controls with available screening mammography films (n = 1,469). Results: After adjustment for adiposity, c-peptide was not associated with any measure of breast density. However, c-peptide was associated with an approximately 50% increased risk of invasive breast cancer [top vs. bottom quartile, adjusted OR = 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.1–2.0] that was robust to adjustment for plasma-free estradiol and sex hormone–binding globulin. The association was stronger for ER-negative disease (adjusted OR = 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2–3.6). Conclusions: Our data suggest a positive association between hyperinsulinemia and breast cancer risk that occurs through nonestrogenic mechanisms, and that is not mediated by breast density. Impact: Primary prevention of breast cancer in women with hyperinsulinemia may be possible by targeting insulin signaling pathways. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 22(10); 1786–96. ©2013 AACR.
NEW SPECIES OF CINCLOTAENIA MACY, 1973 (CYCLOPHYLLIDEA: DILEPIDIDAE) FROM CINCLUS LEUCOCEPHALUS TSCHUDI (PASSERIFORMES: CINCLIDAE) IN BOLIVIA

Two new species of Cinclotaenia (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) are described from the small intestine of Cinclus leucocephalus (Aves: Passeriformes: Cinclidae) collected in the Yungas region of Bolivia. Cinclotaenia minuta n. sp. is characterized by possessing a minute strobila with a maximum body length of 1.58 mm, consisting of 5–10 proglottids, 19–22 rostellar hooks with lengths from 16 to 17 μm, 12–17 testes per proglottid, and eggs forming packets without filaments. Cinclotaenia boliviensis n. sp. has bandlike strobila with a length up to 26 mm with 67–74 proglittids, 22 rostellar hooks with length 39–42 μm, 43–68 testes, and eggs forming packets possessing long filaments. The systematic position in Cinclotaenia of cestodes lacking filaments on the egg packets is confirmed. This is the first record of species of Cinclotaenia in dippers from Bolivia and also the first report of cestodes from Cinclus sp. in the Neotropical Region.
Practical TCP session take-over method for high-availability network service

IP network technology growth has triggered the rapid growth of network services over IP networks. TCP is a trusted protocol because of its connection-oriented functions. It guarantees that the data arrives in order and retransmits lost packets. Many services have been used on IP networks, and a trusted protocol such as TCP will continue to be used. TCP is connection oriented. Therefore, if there are any server failures during communication, and if the connections are terminated, there is no way to continue/recover the connections. It is very important to achieve TCP session take-over without any limitation on the client side for practical network services. In this paper, we describe the methods of TCP session take-over in section 1, and we describe the problems of TCP connection passing, which are most suitable for practical network services in section 2. In section 3, we propose resolutions of these problems and estimate their adaptability to practical service. The conclusions are in section 4
The implementation of two-way video monitoring system based on Android and JMF

The rapid advancement of mobile communication technologies offers innumerable opportunities for development of video monitoring system in mobile devices. This article introduces and implements the two-way monitoring system based on Java Media Framework (JMF) and Android. The system is developed based on Java, which includes the design for server in personal computer (PC) and client in Android-based devices. Both server and client can be divided into three modules: data acquisition module, data transmission module and data transformation module. Through testing, both the client and server can monitor each other. System implements the expected function.
Extracting Heart Rate from Videos of Online Participants

Crowdsourcing experiments online allows for low-cost data gathering with large participant pools; however, collecting data online does not give researchers access to certain metrics. For example, physiological measures such as heart rate (HR) can provide high-resolution data about the physical, emotional, and mental state of the participant. We investigate and characterize the feasibility of gathering HR from videos of online participants engaged in single user and social tasks. We show that room lighting, head motion, and network bandwidth influence measurement quality, but that instructing participants in good practices substantially improves measurement quality. Our work takes a step towards online physiological data collection.
Characterization of Two Related Drosophila γ-tubulin Complexes that Differ in Their Ability to Nucleate Microtubules

γ-tubulin exists in two related complexes in Drosophila embryo extracts (Moritz, M., Y. Zheng, B.M. Alberts, and K. Oegema. 1998. J. Cell Biol. 142:1– 12). Here, we report the purification and characterization of both complexes that we name γ-tubulin small complex (γTuSC; ∼280,000 D) and Drosophila γTuRC (∼2,200,000 D). In addition to γ-tubulin, the γTuSC contains Dgrip84 and Dgrip91, two proteins homologous to the Spc97/98p protein family. The γTuSC is a structural subunit of the γTuRC, a larger complex containing about six additional polypeptides. Like the γTuRC isolated from Xenopus egg extracts (Zheng, Y., M.L. Wong, B. Alberts, and T. Mitchison. 1995. Nature. 378:578–583), the Drosophila γTuRC can nucleate microtubules in vitro and has an open ring structure with a diameter of 25 nm. Cryo-electron microscopy reveals a modular structure with ∼13 radially arranged structural repeats. The γTuSC also nucleates microtubules, but much less efficiently than the γTuRC, suggesting that assembly into a larger complex enhances nucleating activity. Analysis of the nucleotide content of the γTuSC reveals that γ-tubulin binds preferentially to GDP over GTP, rendering γ-tubulin an unusual member of the tubulin superfamily.
Improved PSO-SVM based disease detection in medical images processing

Support vector machine is a widely used tool in the field of image processing and pattern recognition. The parameters selection plays a significant role in support vector machine(SVM). This paper proposed an improved parameter optimization method based on traditional PSO optimizing algorithm by changing the fitness function in the traditional process. And this method has achieved better results which reflected in the ROC curves in medical images classification.
Measuring participation in individuals with Parkinson disease: relationships with disease severity, quality of life, and mobility

Purpose. Our aims were to: (1) describe participation in people with Parkinson disease (PD), (2) evaluate the relationship between quality of life and participation and (3) determine the mobliity measures which are predictive of participation. Methods. Participants with idiopathic PD (n == 62) were tested off medication for participation (Activity Card Sort), quality of life (PDQ-39), disease severity (MDS-UPDRS) and mobility (Berg Balance Scale, Five Time Sit to Stand (FTSTS), Six Minute Walk, forward walking velocity, dual-task walking velocity and Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOGQ)). Relationships of all variables to participation were examined using Pearson correlations. Subsequent regression analysis was employed to determine the mobility measures which best predicted the participation. Results. Participants with PD retained, on average, 78.3%% (SD == 15.6%%) of total activities. Participation was negatively correlated with all PDQ-39 domains (r range −0.36 to −0.78, all p < 0.005) with the mobility domain having the strongest correlation. All mobility measures were significantly correlated with participation, with the final regression model including only FTSTS and FOGQ which combined explained 37%% of the variance in participation. Conclusions. Participation is highly related to mobility-related QOL and may be most impacted by ability to stand up from a chair and freezing of gait in those with PD.
Quantifying asynchrony of multiple cameras using aliased optical devices

We present a new method for estimating asynchrony between off-the-shelf consumer-targeted camera systems. The system utilizes local aliasing induced by oscillating LEDs to perform post-hoc calculations. The system is capable of determining the asynchrony between cameras down to fidelity of less than a tenth of a frame. This system has numerous applications in the field of behavioural analysis of animals using arrays of inexpensive cameras.
Simulations of Buoyant Bubbles in Galaxy Clusters

It is generally argued that most clusters of galaxies host cooling flows in which radiative cooling in the center causes a slow inflow. However, recent observations by Chandra and XMM conflict with the predicted cooling flow rates. Here we report highly resolved hydrodynamic simulations which show that buoyant bubbles can offset the cooling in the inner regions of clusters and can significantly delay the deposition of cold gas. The subsonic rise of bubbles uplifts colder material from the central regions of the cluster. This colder material appears as bright rims around the bubbles. The bubbles themselves appear as depressions in the X-ray surface brightness as observed in a growing number of clusters.
Distance-Preserving SOM: A New Data Visualization Algorithm

As the combination of topology-preserving dimensionality reduction and vector quantization, Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is suitable for visualizing the structure of high-dimensional mass data, which can be used to select more suitable algorithms for subsequent data analysis/processing. However, due to the fixed regular lattice of neurons, SOM has to require some color-coding scheme such as U-matrix to imprint the inter-neuron distance information on the lattice for the aim of visualization. Even so, the structure of the data may often appear in a distorted and unnatural form. In order for the map to visualize the structure of the data faithfully and naturally, the similarity/dissimilarity information should be preserved on the map directly. To do this, a novel variant of SOM, i.e. Distance-Preserving SOM (DPSOM), was presented in this paper. DPSOM can adjust the positions of neurons on the map according to the corresponding distances in the data space, and thus preserve the distance information on the map directly, as Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) does. What’s the most important, DPSOM can automatically avoid the excessive contraction of neurons to one point without any additional parameter, which makes it advantageous over those existing position-adjustable SOMs. Finally, DPSOM can be verified by experimental results well.