Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biomechanics of ant adhesive pads: frictional forces are rate- and temperature-dependent

SUMMARY Tarsal adhesive pads enable insects to hold on to smooth plant surfaces. Using a centrifuge technique, we tested whether a 'wet adhesion' model of a thin film of liquid secreted between the pad and the surface can explain adhesive and frictional forces in Asian Weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina). When forces are acting parallel to the surface, pads in contact with the surface can slide smoothly. Force per unit pad contact area was strongly dependent on sliding velocity and temperature. Seemingly consistent with the effect of a thin liquid film in the contact zone, (1) frictional force linearly increased with sliding velocity, (2) the increment was greater at lower temperatures and (3) no temperature dependence was detected for low-rate perpendicular detachment forces. However, we observed a strong, temperature-independent static friction that was inconsistent with a fully lubricated contact. Static friction was too large to be explained by the contribution of other (sclerotized) body parts. Moreover, the rate-specific increase of shear stress strongly exceeded predictions derived from estimates of the adhesive liquid film's thickness and viscosity. Both lines of evidence indicate that the adhesive secretion alone is insufficient to explain the observed forces and that direct interaction of the soft pad cuticle with the surface ('rubber friction') is involved.
Dynamic shadow compensation of aerial images based on color and spatial analysis

This paper describes a method that can improve the visibility of features in shadowed regions in urban aerial images while retaining nonshadowed regions and the natural tint of shadowed regions automatically. The method first calculates the posteriori probabilities of each pixel belonging to shadowed class or nonshadowed class using color features from a low-frequency component image, and then compensates the intensity and saturation of each pixel in shadowed regions according to the posteriori probabilities. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of proposed method.
Autonomous control system for the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle

In order to achieve the autonomous flight control of the quadrotor, this paper designs an autonomous flight control hardware platform. In this platform, we use self-assembly aircraft as the body frame. The main on-board sensor is an attitude heading reference system(AHRS) MTi-G unit, and the on-board controller is an ARM-based embedded system. AVR microcontroller is used to construct the override module. Based on the nonlinear dynamic model of the quadrotor, we design an inner-outer-loop PD control scheme for the position and attitude tracking controller. Autonomous control of the roll angle, pitch angle and the horizontal direction of latitude, longitude has been obtained. And the experiment results show that the on-board control system has achieved good flight performance.
Content-adaptive Resolution E nhancement of Compressed Video with Encoder-Generated Side Information

In this paper we propose a technique to dynamically generate optimized filters for the resolution enhancement of compressed video. The filters are derived during the encoding and sent to the decoder for post-processing. By making use of the scene-level and pixel-level classification, we adapt the filters to both the global and local content. Our experiments show 1-2 dB gain in PSNR as compared to the state-of-the-art techniques with ignorable overhead. Furthermore, it also improves the subjective quality with sharper images and suppressed artifacts.
Two Machine Learning Models for Mobile Phone Battery Discharge Rate Prediction Based on Usage Patterns

This research presents the battery discharge rate models for the energy consumption of mobile phone batteries based on machine learning by taking into account three usage patterns of the phone: the standby state, video playing, and web browsing. We present the experimental design methodology for collecting data, preprocessing, model construction, and parameter selections. The data is collected based on the HTC One X hardware platform. We considered various setting factors, such as Bluetooth, brightness, 3G, GPS, Wi-Fi, and Sync. The battery levels for each possible state vector were measured, and then we constructed the battery prediction model using different regression functions based on the collected data. The accuracy of the constructed models using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and the support vector machine (SVM) were compared using varying kernel functions. Various parameters for MLP and SVM were considered. The measurement of prediction efficiency was done by the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean squared error (RMSE). The experiments showed that the MLP with linear regression performs well overall, while the SVM with the polynomial kernel function based on the linear regression gives a low MAE and RMSE. As a result, we were able to demonstrate how to apply the derived model to predict the remaining battery charge.
CDMA system sensitivity to /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ A/D conversion

In this paper, the performance of a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system using digital frequency conversion is analyzed and modeled. The joint effect of channel noise, sampling jitter, and analog-digital converter (ADC) errors is discussed and modeled assuming uniform converters. Variable resolution memoryless and /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ ADCs are considered, and the sensitivities of the resulting systems to channel noise, sampling jitter, and overloading errors are compared.
Characterization of hadrucalcin, a peptide from Hadrurus gertschi scorpion venom with pharmacological activity on ryanodine receptors

Background and purpose: Members of the calcin family, presently including imperatoxin A, maurocalcin, opicalcins and hemicalcin, are basic, 33‐mer peptide activators of ryanodine receptors (RyRs), the calcium channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) that provide the majority of calcium for muscle contraction. Here we describe hadrucalcin, a novel member of this family.
A study of estimation of balance degree using CMRR mesurement for power distribution interconnection on printed circuit board

Common-mode currents through the DC power supply cable attached to small electronic device causes EMI (Electro-Magnetic Interference). When the primary factor of common-mode is corresponding to mismatch balance on the wiring, balance degree may be obtained from CMRR (Common Mode Rejection Ratio) of the printed circuit board in the equipment. We made some experiment boards, measured the CMRR and considered the relations with mismatching balance. As a result, it is confirmed that the CMRR shows the similar tendency to the balance degree, although we could not find the complete correlation between them. Further, the wiring structure with parallel narrow conductor plates was proved to suppress the common mode.
Metabolism, storage, and excretion of C-14-endosulfan in the mouse.

A portion of endosulfan, when fed to the laboratory mouse in single or multiple doses, is oxidized to the cyclic sulfate and stored in the body fat. No endosulfan per se, or any of the known metabolites are found in tissues or organs except the liver and kidney, both of which are involved in the metabolism and excretion. Purified endosulfan is not completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and is eliminated in the feces with 2 metabolites, the dial and sulfate. A metabolite appearing in the urine of mice fed either endosulfan, the sulfate, the diol, or the ether is believed to be the diol. The relative activities of organs and excreta of mice sacrificed 24 hours after ingesting C14-endosulfan were: feces>visceral Eat>urine>liver> small intestine plus contents>kidney>brain>respiratory CO2>blood.
Effects of Clumpsand Clusterson SurvivalMeasurementswith Clonogenic Assays1

The growth of colonies in semisolid medium is receiving wide spread attention as a possible test for predicting the clinical response of individual human tumors to specific drugs. One problem encountered in these studies is the difficulty of preparing single-cell suspensions from solid tumors. Often, microscopic examination of the cultures just after plating reveals many clus ters or clumps of cells; these are often large enough and numer ous enough that some plates are counted or fixed immediately so that this "background" can be subtracted from the "colony" count used to assess cell viability. However, this correction addresses only one of the problems created by the presence of clumps and clusters. It does not eliminate errors and artifacts introduced by multiplicity (multiple clonogenic cells contributing to a colony), abortive clones, and cell volume changes, or by inhomogeneities in the microenvironment, cell metabolism, and drug distribution within clumps. Because of such factors, survival curves determined using suspensions contaminated with clumps and clusters may provide inaccurate assessments of the true drug sensitivity of the individual tumor cells.
Hot topics in aging research: protein translation and TOR signaling, 2010

In this, the fourth installment of our annual Hot Topics review on mRNA translation and aging, we have decided to expand our scope to include recent findings related to the role of TOR signaling in aging. As new data emerge, it is clear that TOR signaling acts upstream of mRNA translation, as well as a variety of other cellular processes, to modulate longevity and healthspan in evolutionarily diverse species. This Hot Topics review will cover important new findings in this area that have occurred over the past year. These include the demonstration that the TOR substrate ribosomal S6 kinase modulates longevity in mammals, the potential for TOR inhibitors as therapeutic treatments for Alzheimer’s disease, and further studies emphasizing the importance of differential translation of specific mRNAs for healthy aging and enhanced longevity.
Chapter 10 : Kinematic Synthesis

1. Shape Grammar Theory G. Stiny, MIT 2. Engineering Shape Grammars J. Cagan, CMU 3. Stochastic Optimization in MEMS Design E. K. Antonsson, Caltech 4. Topology optimization P. Papalambros, U. Michigan 5. Comparing Invention to Discovery, J. Cagan, K. Kotovksy, H. Simon, CMU 6. Evolutionary Synthesis M. Jakeila, Washington U. of St. Louis 7. AI-based synthesis T. Stahovich, CMU 8. Mechanical Design Compilers A. Ward, Ward Design 9. Function-based Synthesis K. Wood, U. Texas, Austin 10. Kinematic/Mechanism Synthesis J. M. McCarthy, U.C. Irvine 11. Formal Theory of Design T. Tomiyama, U. Tokyo 12. Synthesis of Structures S. Fenves, CMU 13. Architectural Design Synthesis W. Mitchell, MIT
Classification of multi-failure mechanisms in space operations in using novel PLS-DA approach

The article addresses an innovative statistical classification methodology to the real spacecraft telemetry based on statistical multivariate latent technique called projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The models are generated via using a well-known statistical multivariate software called soft independent modeling for class analogy (SIMCA-P) developed by Umetrics which is used for data exploration and classification. Models are used to detect and classify multi-failure mechanisms in the attitude determination and control subsystem (ADCS) of Egypt-Sat1 for the first time. Models taken altogether the ADCS two faults mechanisms for both angular velocity meters and reaction wheel malfunctions in one model, as well as to identify key contributors to inconsistent events autonomously which lead to characterize the spacecraft (ADCS) behavior. The analysis results lead to give a deep explanation to the system state-of-health (SOH) and characterize its operation behavior during the mission phases.
An analysis of gain-switched semiconductor lasers generating pulse-code-modulated light with a high bit rate

A theoretical analysis of gain-switched semiconductor lasers is described. Results of the numerical solution of the coupled rate equations for photon and electron densities are presented, along with analytical expressions which have been derived by using certain approximations to solve these nonlinear differential equations. The two sets of results are seen to be in good agreement. The design requirements to be met in order to use the pulse-code-modulated output in an optical communications system are discussed. It is shown theoretically that bit rates, of the order of 7 Gbits/s without time-division multiplexing, and 35 Gbits/s with multiplexing can be obtained.
Evaluation of the new ImmuliteTurbo cTnI assay and the original Immulite cTnI assay

Objectives : An analytical and clinical evaluation of cTnI on the ImmuliteTurbo system with 15 min assay time compared to 45 min with the original Immulite assay is presented. Methods and Design : Detection limit, functional sensitivity, AMI decision limit, assay linearity, influence of sample material (serum, heparin, citrate and EDTA plasma), interference, analytical and clinical method comparison studies were performed. Results : Functional sensitivity (at CV 20%) was 0.35 compared to 0.23 mug/L for the original assay. AMI decision limit (99th percentile of a reference control group) was 0.48 mug/L for both assays. In patients with acute coronary syndromes, chronic renal failure or pulmonary embolism the assays showed concordant results in 87.2-96.5%. Differing results were only found around the cut-off level and were attributed to assay imprecision. Conclusion : The new assay is sensitive for the determination of cTnI, shows comparable results to the original assay version and is easy to perform within 15 min.
Corporate contestability and corporate expropriation

This paper presents evidence on the role of ownership in dealing with corporate expropriation of listed companies in Malaysia. From the perspective of expropriation, a single controlling shareholder is always associated with such behavior due to their power and control at the expense of minority shareholder. However, subsequent individual or coalition of large shareholders can be an important corporate governance tool by providing effective monitoring that would lessen the possibility of expropriation by the controlling shareholder. Relating to that, this study evaluates the role of controlling and large shareholders in dealing with corporate expropriation. It is found that there is a negative relationship between single controlling shareholders and dividend payout ratio indicating that firms with only controlling shareholder will pay a lower dividend due to possible expropriation through profit diversion by controlling shareholder. Using Herfindahl Index as a proxy for ownership contestability, the presence of large shareholders along with controlling shareholder has a positive relationship with dividend payout implying that increased contestability helps to curb the power of controlling shareholder to expropriate fund for their own benefit. In accordance with agency theory, the outcome suggests that large shareholders play a monitoring role in minimizing the Type II agency problem. It is also verifying the argument made based on the Catering Theory of Dividend that the presence of large shareholder brings benefit to all shareholders as they are able to reduce profit diversion by demanding for higher dividend.
The Effects of Pancuronium Bromide and Gallamine Triethiodide During Barbiturate, N20 ‐ Halothane Anaesthesia

AB Two series of patients were anaesthetised with 0.5% halothane, 50% N2O in oxygen with a non‐rebreathing system. Series 1 consisted of seven patients anaesthetised twice with an interval of 2 weeks or more. On one occasion the patients received pancuronium 0.05 mg/kg for curarisation, and on the other, gallamine 1.0 mg/kg. Pulse rate and blood pressure were measured and recorded every 5 min. It was found that heart rate was unaffected by pancuronium, whereas there was a slight, but statistically insignificant, increase after gallamine. After both drugs there was a moderate but equal drop in blood pressure.
Online Tool For Soft Skills Evaluation And Employee Management

In today's busy economy, big companies often outsource their new job openings to recruiting agencies, because finding the right candidate for a job often implies a series of complex interviews and screening. This process is better managed by a specialized company that employs professionals like psychologists and recruiting personnel that can better manage a large number of candidates and filter the best people for a certain job opening. Of course, for complex jobs, the final part of the interview is still done by the employer, but the recruiting agency provides a very important report on the candidate's soft skills. These skills are a very important set of characteristics defining every candidate and they are more important than occupational skills on the long term for some professions.
MORTALITY AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN C (OPITZ TRIGONOCEPHALY) SYNDROME

Even as a rare multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome, the C-syndrome (CS, or Opitz C-trigonoecephaly syndrome) is, at long last, beginning to attract attention because of its developmental and causal complexity. Also, the possibility that the apparently balanced translocation recently described in an affected Japanese boy may soon provide a molecular/causal insight into this disorder. The manifestations recorded in the previously published patients, those autopsied within recent years, and the unpublished instances in our files suggest that the CS is a heterogeneous genetic disorder, predominantly sporadic but with sufficient familial cases (at times with consanguinity) to allow postulation of an entity due to autosomal dominant mutations with a high rate of germinal mosaicism, or due to both autosomal dominant mutations and an autosomal recessive genocopy. In any event, elucidation of cause and pathogenesis of CS will, in due time, shed light on its developmental pleiotropy, rarity in liveborn infants, prevalence in stillborn fetuses, recurrence risk in humans, and occurrence in other animals (e.g., mice) to further understanding of pathogenesis.
Reverberations of family illness: a longitudinal assessment of informal caregiving and mental health status in the Nurses' Health Study.

OBJECTIVES . This study examined the association between caregiving for disabled or ill family members, estimated to occur in more than 22 million US households, and change in mental health. METHODS We assessed 4-year change in mental health among 37 742 Nurses' Health Study participants with the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36. RESULTS Women who provided 36 or more weekly hours of care to a disabled spouse were almost 6 times more likely than noncaregivers to experience depressive or anxious symptoms (multivariate odds ratio [OR] = 5.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.8, 8.3). Caring for a disabled or ill parent (>or= 36 weekly hours) was associated with a less dramatic elevation in depressive or anxious symptoms (multivariate OR = 2.0; 95% CI = 0.9, 4.3). CONCLUSIONS In this population, caregiving was associated with increased risk of depressive or anxious symptoms.
Draft Genome Sequence of Frankia sp. Strain QA3, a Nitrogen-Fixing Actinobacterium Isolated from the Root Nodule of Alnus nitida

ABSTRACT Members of the actinomycete genus Frankia form a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with 8 different families of actinorhizal plants. We report a high-quality draft genome sequence for Frankia sp. strain QA3, a nitrogen-fixing actinobacterium isolated from root nodules of Alnus nitida.
Statistical relevance—relevant statistics, part II: presenting experimental data

In the first part of this article series, I discussed general guidelines for analyzing the results of scientific experiments (Klaus, 2015). The next step is the graphical representation of the results. The importance of data presentation should not be underestimated as figures are a key component of both data analysis and publications. Graphics are an important analytical tool as they can help to reveal patterns and illustrate differences. The appropriate plotting of data can also strengthen or even replace more formal statistical procedures, such as hypothesis tests. In the context of scientific publications, figures should guide the reader through the article and provide a clear and precise representation of the experimental results. In this article, I will focus primarily on key principles and good practices for presenting small‐to‐medium datasets with the aim of comparing results from different experimental groups. As a general rule, authors should show as much of the actual data as possible instead of summarizing datasets via means or variances. Even larger datasets can be displayed efficiently using an appropriate plot; bars and boxes to visualize summary statistics can serve as additional visual guides. To adapt the methods described in this article, readers can download a supplementary “notebook” (see Code EV1) with code to generate the plots in the R language (R Core Team, 2015). Additionally, this web tool (http://embojserver.embl.de) generates the bee swarm plots and dot plots discussed later in the article. Apart from the topics discussed in this article, there are many more aspects that require attention. The “Scientific Figure Design Course” material by the Bioinformatics unit of the Babraham Institute (Babraham Bioinformatics, 2015) and the book by Tufte (1983) are valuable references. I start with a discussion of displaying small‐scale experimental datasets. Let us assume that we have a fluorescent marker for detecting a recombination event in …
Performance analysis of static network reduction methods commonly used in power systems

Network reduction techniques are useful means of analyzing large, interconnected power systems. The most desirable property of a reduced network is that it should represent the original network as accurately as possible. This paper explores some of the commonly used static network reduction techniques, such as Ward reduction, Kron reduction, Dimo's method, and Zhukov's method. The performances of the reduced networks are evaluated in terms of their ability to follow the bus voltages of the original network, with changes in operating conditions. The IEEE 14-bus and 118-bus systems are taken as the test beds.