Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONTEXTUAL EFFECTS ON THE SELF-EFFICACY OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACKERS P 90-124

This study was conducted to examine high school teachers' perceptions of self-efficacy and ways in which self-perception is affected by: (1) differences in the characteristics of classes taught; (2) differences in the organizational environments in which teachers work; and (3) interactions that neutralize the negative effects of difficult classes. Data were gathered in a sample of 14 urban and suburban high schools in California and Michigan. A questionnaire was mailed to al7 teachers and included a series of questions on: perceptions of self-efficacy for each class taught; the characteristics of each class; personal and professional background; and the organizational setting of the school. The final sample included 263 teachers who provided information about 1,026 classes taugft. Findings suggest that different levels of self-efficacy result from different classes and depend on: (1) preparation and knowledge of subject matter; (2) the ability of students; (3) student engagement; (4) collaboration . with colleagues; and (5) increased teacher control over working conditions. The data imply alat assignment of teachers to low-track classes presents challenges that make it difficult for them to maintain elevated perceptions of self-efficacy. This is true particularly of the most advantaged teachers (highly educated and white). (LL) ********** ***** ******************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********** ***** *********************************************4********** CRILI Center for Research on the Context of Secondary Teaching School of Education. CERAS Building, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.3084 CONTEXTUAL EFFECTS ON THE SELFEFFICACY OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACKERS P90-124 Stephen W. Raudenbush Brian Rowan Yuk Fai Cheong Michigan State University Of PARTNIENT OF EDUCATION 011,, Cu, at.onal Re legfcet AMA Improvernynl E DUCATIONAL RI SOURCES HYFORMAT ION CENTER tERIC) dot ument nes been rePrOCUted as fp( Onved Non, the Pers0 tvgan,ral.on ,g.gmatmgq P.4.n.:.; nan4)43; DL WC° macre . mcu,re ,pruduc t,ort qua My f. 'omts ot ,,e* opmons 'toted ,n this cioc u men, ,,n1 teDr0Sent Ri postwo (101,:y
Triadic concept lattices of data with graded attributes

We present foundations for triadic concept analysis of data with graded attributes. Triadic concept analysis departs from the dyadic case by taking into account modi, such as time instances or conditions, under which objects have attributes. That is, instead of a two-dimensional table filled with 0's and 1's (equivalently, binary relation or two-dimensional binary matrix), the input data in triadic concept analysis consist of a three-dimensional table (equivalently, ternary relation or three-dimensional binary matrix). In the ordinary triadic concept analysis, one assumes that the ternary relationship between objects, attributes, and modi, which specifies whether a given object has a given attribute under a given modus, is a yes-or-no relationship. In the present paper, we show how triadic concept analysis is developed in a setting in which the ternary relationship between objects, attributes, and modi is a matter of degree rather than a yes-or-no relationship. We present the basic notions for the new, ‘graded’ setting, an illustrative example, and generalize basic results including the basic theorem of triadic concept analysis.
Dream anxiety level in patients with major depression.

Disorders of sleep pattern are seen in 40-60% of major depressive outpatients, yet it is thought to be much higher in hospitalized patients (1). Depressive patients, particularly, complain of difficulty in falling asleep and/or in maintaining sleep, waking early in the morning and sleep giving no feeling of restoration. Although the number and length of dreams recalled are decreased in depressed patients compared to nondepressed individuals (2), it is reported that negative or unpleasant dreams were more frequent in depressive patients (3). Besides, it has been suggested that there is an association between subjective sleep complaints and suicidal potential in depressed patients (4,5). Polysomnographic studies of patients have shown disintegration of sleep continuity, of reduction of slow-wave sleep and shortening of REM latency, lengthening of the duration of first REM period, and increase of density of REM sleep (6). It has been suggested that disturbances of REM sleep and dream experiences may be expected more frequently in melancholic Dream Anxiety Level in Patients with Major Depression
Hippocampal volume is related to body mass index in Alzheimer's disease

Obesity is associated with lower brain volumes in early Alzheimer's disease, but its effects on hippocampal volumes are unclear, as weight loss is also associated with Alzheimer's disease. To address this question, we applied an automated hippocampal mapping method to brain MRI scans for 162 patients with Alzheimer's disease. We hypothesized that obesity, measured by body mass index, would be associated with lower hippocampal volumes in mildly affected patients. Statistical maps showed a selective pattern of hippocampal volume differences that were significantly associated with body mass index. Associations were detected in the anterior hippocampus, and confirmed by permutation testing. Cardiovascular risk factors, such as high body mass index, may promote additional neurodegenerative changes, and should therefore be considered in epidemiological studies and clinical trials.
Using VCT statistics from Kenya in understanding the association between gender and HIV

This paper demonstrates the importance of utilising official statistics from the voluntary counselling and testing centres (VCT) to determine the association between gender and HIV infection rates in Kenya. The study design adopted was a record based survey of data collected from VCT sites in Kenya between the second quarter of 2001 and the second quarter of 2004. Of those who were tested, significantly more females tested positive (P<0.0001) and had twice as high a chance of being infected by HIV (Odds ratio 2.27 with CI 2.23 to 2.31) than males. We conclude that VCT statistics may lead to better planning of services and gender sensitive interventions if utilised well.
Repairing the Brain by SCF+G-CSF Treatment at 6 Months Postexperimental Stroke

Stroke, a leading cause of adult disability in the world, is a severe medical condition with limited treatment. Physical therapy, the only treatment available for stroke rehabilitation, appears to be effective within 6 months post-stroke. Here, we have mechanistically determined the efficacy of combined two hematopoietic growth factors, stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF; SCF + G-CSF), in brain repair 6 months after cortical infarct induction in the transgenic mice carrying yellow fluorescent protein in Layer V pyramidal neurons (Thy1-YFP-H). Using a combination of live brain imaging, whole brain imaging, molecular manipulation, synaptic and vascular assessments, and motor function examination, we found that SCF + G-CSF promoted mushroom spine formation, enlarged postsynaptic membrane size, and increased postsynaptic density-95 accumulation and blood vessel density in the peri-infarct cavity cortex; and that SCF + G-CSF treatment improved motor functional recovery. The SCF + G-CSF-enhanced motor functional recovery was dependent on the synaptic and vascular regeneration in the peri-infarct cavity cortex. These data suggest that a stroke-damaged brain is repairable by SCF + G-CSF even 6 months after the lesion occurs. This study provides novel insights into the development of new restorative strategies for stroke recovery.
Evidence for an Alzheimer disease susceptibility locus on chromosome 12 and for further locus heterogeneity.

CONTEXT Alzheimer disease (AD) susceptibility genes have been identified on chromosomes 1, 14, 19, and 21, and a recent study has suggested a locus on chromosome 12. OBJECTIVE To confirm or refute the existence of a familial AD susceptibility locus on chromosome 12 in an independent sample of familial AD cases. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. DNA data for 6 chromosome 12 genetic markers were evaluated using parametric lod score and nonparametric linkage methods and linkage heterogeneity tests. The latter include the admixture test of homogeneity in the total group of families and the predivided sample test in families stratified by the presence or absence of an apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele among affected members. Parametric analyses were repeated assuming autosomal dominant inheritance of AD and either age- and sex-dependent penetrance or zero penetrance for the analysis of unaffected relatives. SETTING Clinical populations in the continental United States, Canada, Argentina, and Italy. PATIENTS Fifty-three white families composed of multiple members affected with AD, from whom DNA samples were obtained from 173 patients with AD whose conditions were diagnosed using established criteria and from 146 nondemented relatives. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Presence of an APOE epsilon4 allele among affected family members. RESULTS Using parametric methods, no evidence for linkage to the region spanned by the chromosome 12 markers could be detected if familial AD is assumed to arise from the same genetic locus in all 53 families. However, significant evidence for linkage was detected in the presence of locus heterogeneity using the admixture test (odds ratio, 15, 135:1). The estimated proportion of linked families within the 53 families examined varied between 0.40 and 0.65, depending on the genetic model assumed and APOE status. The precise location of the AD gene could not be determined, but includes the entire region suggested previously. Nonparametric linkage analysis confirmed linkage to chromosome 12 with the strongest evidence at D12S96 (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data provide independent confirmation of the existence of an AD susceptibility locus on chromosome 12 and suggest the existence of AD susceptibility genes on other chromosomes. Screening a larger set of families with additional chromosome markers will be necessary for identifying the chromosome 12 AD gene.
Assessment of Total Quality Management Implementation in Indian Service Industries

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which total quality management (TQM) practices have been implemented in Indian service industries. The research reports the findings of an empirical study conducted with a sample of 172 top and middle managers in Indian service industries. The results reveals that six TQM practices i.e. top-management commitment; customer focus; process management; quality systems; teamwork; and communication are effectively implemented across the Indian service industries while eleven practices are partially implemented. The proposed framework would be helpful for the managers and practitioners in implementing an effective TQM program.
Assessment of Mental Fatigue: An EEG-Based Forecasting System for Driving Safety

This study proposes an EEG-based forecasting system based on a functional-link recurrent self-evolving fuzzy neural network (FL-RSEFNN) for assessing mental fatigue during a highway driving task. Drivers' cognitive states significantly affect driving safety, especially for fatigue or drowsy driving which is one of common factors to endanger individuals and the public safety. In this study, a FL-RSEFNN employs an on-line gradient descent (GD) learning rule to address the EEG regression problem in brain dynamics for estimation of driving fatigue. We analyze brain dynamics in a car driving task, which is constructed in a simulated virtual reality (VR) environment. The EEG-based forecasting system is evaluated using the generalized cross-subject approach, and the results indicate that the FLRSEFNN is superior to state-of-the-art models regardless of the use of recurrent or non-recurrent structures.
Separating the Direct and Global Components of a Single Image

Direct and global component separation is an approach to study the light transport that provides a basic understanding of the property of a scene. The conventional technique for separation relies on multiple images or an approximation which results in loss of spatial resolution. In this article, we propose a novel single image separation technique by introducing a linear basis equation with full resolution. We evaluate the data independent Fourier basis and learning-based PCA basis to locate the better basis representation of direct and global components. We carefully analyze the importance of high spatial frequency pattern to the effectiveness of our technique. Moreover, we propose the performance enhancement technique to reduce memory usage and computation time for practical implementation. The experimental results confirm that our proposed method delivers higher separation accuracy and better image quality than the previous methods and is applicable to challenging video sequences.
Title A QPTAS for TSP with fat weakly disjoint neighborhoods indoubling metrics

We consider the Traveling Salesman Problem with Neighborhoods (TSPN) in doubling metrics. The goal is to find a shortest tour that visits each of a collection of n subsets (regions or neighborhoods) in the underlying metric space. We give a QPTAS when the regions are what we call α-fat weakly disjoint. This notion combines the existing notions of diameter variation, fatness and disjointness for geometric objects and generalizes these notions to any arbitrary metric space. Intuitively, the regions can be grouped into a bounded number of types, where in each type, the regions have similar upper bounds for their diameters, and each such region can designate a point such that these points are far away from one another. Our result generalizes the PTAS for TSPN on the Euclidean plane by Mitchell [27] and the QPTAS for TSP on doubling metrics by Talwar [30]. We also observe that our techniques directly extend to a QPTAS for the Group Steiner Tree Problem on doubling metrics, with the same assumption on the groups.
Information extraction to improve cross-lingual document retrieval

We present a filtering mechanism using two cross-lingual information extraction (CLIE) systems for improving document relevance of cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) for queries conforming to predefined templates. Experiments on retrieving Chinese documents in response to English GALE arrest queries show that this approach can obtain a 12.7% absolute improvement in relevance (representing a 24.8% relative error reduction) for the top 25 retrieved documents. We also demonstrate that Chinese IE can provide a valuable supplement to English IE to enhance retrieval performance.
LET-THROUGH ENERGY OF MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER IN FUNCTION OF PHASE ANGLE OF SHORT-CIRCUIT

Let-through energy (Joule heat) is an important factor in proper protection of electrical installations and devices. Studies were preformed during which the relationship between amount of energy and phase angle of short-circuit current was examined. Typically used miniature circuit breaker was utilized as a protective device. Scilab software for numerical computation was used to calculate the let-through energy based on recorded oscillograms of short-circuit current. Results of this calculations are presented.
The effects of dopamine on root growth and enzyme activity in soybean seedlings

In the present study, we investigated the effects of dopamine, an allelochemical exuded from the velvetbean (Mucuna pruriens L DC. var utilis), on the growth and cell viability of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) roots. We analyzed the effects of dopamine on superoxide dismutase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and cell wall-bound peroxidase activities as well as its effects on lignin contents in the roots. Three-day-old seedlings were cultivated in half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution (pH 6.0), without or with 0.25 to 1.0 mM dopamine, in a growth chamber (25°C, 12L:12D photoperiod, irradiance of 280 μmol m−2 s−1) for 24 h. In general, the length, fresh weight and dry weight of roots, cell viability, PAL and POD activities decreased, while SOD activities increased after dopamine treatment. The content of lignin was not altered. The data demonstrate the susceptibility of soybean to dopamine and reinforce the role of this catecholamine as a strong allelochemical. The results also suggest that dopamine-induced inhibition in soybean roots is not related to the production of lignin, but may be related to damage caused by reactive oxygen species.
Kinesis: a security incident response and prevention system for wireless sensor networks

This paper presents Kinesis, a security incident response and prevention system for wireless sensor networks, designed to keep the network functional despite anomalies or attacks and to recover from attacks without significant interruption. Due to the deployment of sensor networks in various critical infrastructures, the applications often impose stringent requirements on data reliability and service availability. Given the failure- and attack-prone nature of sensor networks, it is a pressing concern to enable the sensor networks provide continuous and unobtrusive services. Kinesis is quick and effective in response to incidents, distributed in nature, and dynamic in selecting response actions based on the context. It is lightweight in terms of response policy specification, and communication and energy overhead. A per-node single timer based distributed strategy to select the most effective response executor in a neighborhood makes the system simple and scalable, while achieving proper load distribution and redundant action optimization. We implement Kinesis in TinyOS and measure its performance for various application and network layer incidents. Extensive TOSSIM simulations and testbed experiments show that Kinesis successfully counteracts anomalies/attacks and behaves consistently under various attack scenarios and rates.
blue-c: a spatially immersive display and 3D video portal for telepresence

We present blue-c, a new immersive projection and 3D video acquisition environment for virtual design and collaboration. It combines simultaneous acquisition of multiple live video streams with advanced 3D projection technology in a CAVE™-like environment, creating the impression of total immersion. The blue-c portal currently consists of three rectangular projection screens that are built from glass panels containing liquid crystal layers. These screens can be switched from a whitish opaque state (for projection) to a transparent state (for acquisition), which allows the video cameras to "look through" the walls. Our projection technology is based on active stereo using two LCD projectors per screen. The projectors are synchronously shuttered along with the screens, the stereo glasses, active illumination devices, and the acquisition hardware. From multiple video streams, we compute a 3D video representation of the user in real time. The resulting video inlays are integrated into a networked virtual environment. Our design is highly scalable, enabling blue-c to connect to portals with less sophisticated hardware.
A new modeling approach of electrical signals for power systems

This paper presents a new approach to model the electrical signals in power systems. The approach is based on the concept, derived from differential geometry, of contact between a signal and an osculating sinusoid. A direct application leads to a synchronization algorithm performing tasks comparable to those of single-phase PLL as verified by some different simulation results. Moreover, a significant advantage of the approach is the possibility to define quantities typically considered in sinusoidal steady state conditions also during the transients.
A finite termination mehrotra-type predictor-corrector algorithm for Semidefinite Optimization

Mehrotra-type predictor-corrector algorithm is one of the most remarkable interior-point methods for linear optimization, and it is also the base of many interior-point methods software packages. This paper presents an extension of the recent variant of Mehrotra's predictor-corrector algorithm that was proposed by Salahi (2007) for linear optimization problems. Based on the NT direction as Newton search direction, the finite termination of the algorithm for Semidefinite Optimization is proved, that is analogous to the linear case.
Impact of Proestrus on Gene Expression in the Medial Preoptic Area of Mice

The antero-ventral periventricular zone (AVPV) and medial preoptic area (MPOA) have been recognized as gonadal hormone receptive regions of the rodent brain that—via wiring to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons—contribute to orchestration of the preovulatory GnRH surge. We hypothesized that neural genes regulating the induction of GnRH surge show altered expression in proestrus. Therefore, we compared the expression of 48 genes obtained from intact proestrous and metestrous mice, respectively, by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) method. Differential expression of 24 genes reached significance (p < 0.05). Genes upregulated in proestrus encoded neuropeptides (kisspeptin (KP), galanin (GAL), neurotensin (NT), cholecystokinin (CCK)), hormone receptors (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, μ-opioid receptor), gonadal steroid receptors (estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), androgen receptor (AR)), solute carrier family proteins (vesicular glutamate transporter 2, vesicular monoamine transporter 2), proteins of transmitter synthesis (tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)) and transmitter receptor subunit (AMPA4), and other proteins (uncoupling protein 2, nuclear receptor related 1 protein). Proestrus evoked a marked downregulation of genes coding for adenosine A2a receptor, vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, tachykinin precursor 1, NT receptor 3, arginine vasopressin receptor 1A, cannabinoid receptor 1, ephrin receptor A3 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member L1. Immunocytochemistry was used to visualize the proteins encoded by Kiss1, Gal, Cck and Th genes in neuronal subsets of the AVPV/MPOA of the proestrous mice. The results indicate that gene expression of the AVPV/MPOA is significantly modified at late proestrus including genes that code for neuropeptides, gonadal steroid hormone receptors and synaptic vesicle transporters. These events support cellular and neuronal network requirements of the positive estradiol feedback action and contribute to preparation of the GnRH neuron system for the pre-ovulatory surge release.
The equivalent force system of a monopole source in a fluid-filled open borehole

One of the major contributors to the complexity of boundary-value problems pertaining to theoretical modeling of exploration elastodynamics is the presence of both vertical and horizontal discontinuities. It has been known for a long time that it is sometimes possible to replace certain boundaries by a system of images, provided the extra stresses and displacements induced by these images could indeed mimic the discontinuities caused by the said boundaries (e.g., Ben-Menahem and Singh, 1981). In this vein, we show that part of the field created by a monopole source acting on the axis of a fluid-filled open borehole surrounded by a homogeneous and isotropic formation, can be reconstructed with the aid of an equivalent force system (EFS) that mimics the geometrodynamic effects of the borehole. The advantages of the EFS are twofold. In the first place, it simplifies the physical setup and brings many seemingly different problems into a common denominator in a sense that they are reduced to fields of known basic force systems. Second, and this is not less important, much computer time is saved and numerical complexities are avoided.