Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Randomized comparison of ABVD chemotherapy with a strategy that includes radiation therapy in patients with limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

PURPOSE We report results of a randomized trial comparing ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) chemotherapy alone with treatment that includes radiation therapy in patients with limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with nonbulky clinical stage I to IIA Hodgkin's lymphoma were stratified into favorable and unfavorable risk cohorts. Patients allocated to radiation-containing therapy received subtotal nodal radiation if favorable risk or combined-modality therapy if unfavorable risk. Patients allocated to ABVD received four to six treatment cycles. RESULTS We evaluated 399 patients. Median follow-up is 4.2 years. In comparison with ABVD alone, 5-year freedom from disease progression is superior in patients allocated to radiation therapy (P = .006; 93% v 87%); no differences in event-free survival (P = .06; 88% v 86%) or overall survival (P = .4; 94% v 96%) were detected. In a subset analyses comparing patients stratified into the unfavorable cohort, freedom from disease progression was superior in patients allocated to combined-modality treatment (P = .004; 95% v 88%); no difference in overall survival was detected (P = .3; 92% v 95%). Of 15 deaths observed, nine were attributed to causes other than Hodgkin's lymphoma or acute treatment-related toxicity. CONCLUSION In patients with limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma, no difference in overall survival was detected between patients randomly assigned to receive treatment that includes radiation therapy or ABVD alone. Although 5-year freedom from disease progression was superior in patients receiving radiation therapy, this advantage is offset by deaths due to causes other than progressive Hodgkin's lymphoma or acute treatment-related toxicity.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma: Cytogenetic, pathologic, and immunologic studies

Cytogenetic, pathologic, and immunologic studies were done on 10 patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL). The median age was 21 years, and males predominated in a ratio of 9:1. At the time of diagnosis, 6 of the 10 patients had an anterior mediastinal mass, 3 had bone marrow involvement, and 2 had central nervous system involvement. All patients were treated with intensive combination chemotherapy. The median survival of the 8 patients who died (7 of whom were adults) was 10.5 months; all 8 achieved only a partial remission. Two other patients were children; they continue in complete remission. Immunologic marker studies were done on 9 of the patients; 5 had T‐cell LL, and the other 4 had non‐T, non‐B LL. In a study of T‐cell subpopulations with the use of monoclonal antibodies, the malignant T cells of the 2 patients tested appeared to be mature thymocytes. Clonal chromosome abnormalities were seen in involved tissues from 8 patients; the other 2 patients had a normal karyotype. A 9q+ chromosome, a 6q‐chromosome, and a 1q‐chromosome associated with 1q trisomy were each seen in 2 patients. No patient had a 14q+ chromosome, which is the most common abnormality in various lymphoproliferative disorders, including other T‐cell malignant diseases. The variable chromosome pattern in LL could be related to the heterogeneity of the immunologic phenotype of the malignant T cells. More data are needed before it can be established whether there are any correlations between a particular karyotype and the immunologic phenotype of LL cells.
A Threshold-Based Adaptive Encoding for Achieving the Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff

Recent work has established the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff at high SNR in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communication systems having Nt and Nr transmit and receive antennas respectively. We introduce a new adaptive encoding (AE) scheme which can switch efficiently between suboptimal encoding schemes, given a very limited non-systematic feedback information to the transmitter side to achieve the optimal tradeoff. When a 2 times 2 MIMO system is considered, the adaptive encoding scheme is presented and shown to achieve the optimal diversity-multiplexing tradeoff. The adaptive-encoding scheme is comprised of two suboptimal encoding achieving respectively the high rate and the low rate optimal segments
Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity: Current practice and future directions in the clinic and laboratory

Despite commendable progress in the prevention, detection, and treatment of a wide variety of solid tumor types, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant health burden across the globe. OSCC carcinogenesis involves accumulation of genetic alterations that coincide with the multistep malignant transformation of normal oral epithelium. OSCC is often first diagnosed at late stages of the disease (advanced regional disease and/or metastasis). Delayed diagnosis precludes successful treatment and favorable outcomes. In clinical practice, opportunities exist to identify patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which precede the development of cancer. This review addresses the current status of laboratory and clinical research on OPMDs, with emphasis on leukoplakia and erythroplakia. OSF is also presented, though there is a paucity of published studies on this disorder. We focus on findings that could translate into earlier diagnosis and more efficacious treatment of those lesions with significant malignant potential. We explore how markers of OPMD malignant transformation might be implemented into current diagnostic practice to help clinicians objectively stratify patients into treatment/follow‐up groups according to relative risk. We provide an overview of recently concluded and ongoing OPMD chemoprevention trials. We describe laboratory OPMD models that can be used to not only to reveal the genetic and molecular intricacies of oral cancer but also to develop novel screening methods and therapeutic approaches. Finally, we call for targeted screening programs of at‐risk populations in order to facilitate diagnosis and treatment of OPMD and early OSCC.
Model-Based Performance Evaluation of Batch and Stream Applications for Big Data

Batch and stream processing represent the two main approaches implemented by big data systems such as Apache Spark and Apache Flink. Although only stream applications are intended to satisfy real-time requirements, both approaches are required to meet certain response time constraints. In addition, cluster architectures continuously expand and computing resources constitute high investments and expenses for organizations. Therefore, planning required capacities and predicting response times is crucial. In this work, we present a performance modeling and simulation approach by using and extending the Palladio component model. We predict performance metrics of batch and stream applications and its underlying processing systems by the example of Apache Spark on Apache Hadoop. Whereas most related work concentrates on one specific processing technique and focuses on the metric response time, we propose a general approach and consider the utilization of resources as well. In different experiments we evaluated our approach using applications and data workloads of the HiBench benchmark suite. The results indicate accurate predictions for upscaling cluster sizes as well as workloads with errors less than 18%.
Depressive syndromes and the classification of patients

SYNOPSIS The scores of 269 depressed patients on the Depressive Category-Type Scale were analysed. The distributions of component and total scores were found to be bimodal, indicating that most depressed patients can be divided into an endogenous group and another characterized by the presence of neurotic features and the absence of endogenous ones. These findings were discussed in relation to those of other investigators. The relationship between the differentiation of syndromes and the classification of patients into corresponding diagnostic groups was considered. Finally, it was suggested that it should be interesting to try to estimate, from published data, the correlation between endogenous and neurotic depression in the general population.
The Effect of SRS to DWDM Optical System

The model of the effect of SRS to error bit ratio in DWDM system is established based on the coupled wave equation of Fiber nonlinear transmission. Trough the way numerical of simulation, imitations to SRS to error bit ration of communication system and input Optical power, the number of channel and the spacing of channel are discussed. The obtained conclusion has definitely reference value to the design of practical communication.
Supramolecular hydrogen-bonding patterns in the N(9)—H protonated and N(7)—H tautomeric form of an N6-benzoyladenine salt: N 6-benzoyladeninium nitrate

The N9—H protonated and N7—H tautomeric form of N 6-benzoyladenine cations are bridged by one of the oxygen atoms of the nitrate anion via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a ribbon motif. The cations also form base pairs via N—H⋯O and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
Characteristics of Recessed-Gate TFETs With Line Tunneling

In this paper, we propose a recessed-gate tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET) to improve the on current of TFETs by increasing the tunnel area with line tunneling. We investigate the effects of the recessed-body thickness and the doping level on the device performance. For optimal device structures, our proposed n-TFET reaches <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.44 \times 10^{-6}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of on current and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.22 \times 10^{9}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ON/ OFF current ratio. A minimum subthreshold swing SS<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{{\textsf {min}}} = 28.3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV/dec and an average swing SS<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{{\textsf {avg}}} = 59.8$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV/dec over seven orders of drain current are achieved. In addition, complementary TFET inverters show good noise margins of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\textsf {NM}_{H} = 65$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV (38.5 % <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\textsf {DD}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and NM<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{L} = 77$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mV (32.5 % <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\textsf {DD}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and also a high voltage gain even at <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\textsf {DD}}} = 0.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V.
Bioseparation in Antibody Manufacturing: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly

Improvements in upstream production have boosted productivity in the biomanufacturing industry, but this is leading to bottlenecks in downstream processing as current technology platforms reach their limits of throughput and scalability. Although chromatography remains an indispensible component of downstream processing due to its simplicity and high resolving power (The Good), there is virtually no economy of scale effect so more product translates almost linearly into greater production costs. Bind‐and‐elute processes (such as the initial capture step in antibody manufacturing) are volume‐driven and therefore have knock‐on effects that impact on the entire production facility since the space required for preparation, storage, and cleaning steps has to be similarly adapted (The Bad). During long‐term operations with multiple cycles, thorough cleaning is necessary to prevent progressive fouling and microbial contamination (The Ugly). Innovative solutions are required, which may include revisiting simpler and less expensive separation technologies, the use of disposable modules, and the integration of improved processes that are scalable to cope with increased demands. Among the alternatives that have been put forward, membrane adsorbers are beginning to make a real impact on the industry, particularly for flow‐through applications such as polishing and viral clearance.
Pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus with the H275Y oseltamivir resistance neuraminidase mutation shows a small compromise in enzyme activity and viral fitness

Abstract Background Resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir can be conferred by a well-characterized mutation in the neuraminidase gene, H275Y. In human H1N1 viruses that circulated in the first years of the 21st century, this mutation carried a fitness cost and resistant viruses were rare. During the 2007–08 influenza season, oseltamivir-resistant viruses of H1N1 phenotype emerged and predominated. March 2009 saw the emergence of a novel H1N1 influenza pandemic. We examined whether the H275Y mutation affected neuraminidase enzyme activity or replication of the pandemic influenza virus. Methods Using reverse genetics we engineered the H275Y mutation into the neuraminidase of a 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus and assessed the ability of this enzyme to desialylate mono- and multivalent substrates. The growth kinetics of wild-type and mutant viruses were assessed in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and fully differentiated human airway epithelial (HAE) cells. Results The presence of H275Y was associated with a 1.3-fold decrease in the affinity of the neuraminidase for a monovalent substrate and a 4-fold compromise in desialylation of multivalent substrate. This was associated with a fitness cost to viral replication in vitro, which only became apparent during competitive replication in the mucus-rich HAE culture system. Conclusions The neuraminidase protein of pandemic influenza isolates tolerates the H275Y mutation and this mutation confers resistance to oseltamivir. However, unlike seasonal H1N1 viruses isolated since 2007, the mutation is not associated with any fitness advantage and thus is unlikely to predominate without further antigenic drift, compensating mutations or intense selection pressure.
Course of Depressive Symptoms in Overweight Youth Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention: Associations With Weight Reduction

Objective: The study investigates whether preintervention depressive symptoms predict weight loss and whether an increase in depressive symptoms during a group-based lifestyle intervention of 1 year's duration is associated with failure in weight reduction while controlling for the influence of psychosocial risks. Method: Participants were 136 overweight and obese children and adolescents between 7 and 15 years, who had been referred for weight reduction treatment by local pediatric practices. Depressive symptoms in the child/adolescent were screened by a German version of the Children's Depression Inventory, in accordance with DSM-IV criteria, at baseline and conclusion of the program. Family adversity was assessed using the Psychosocial Risk Index at baseline. Preintervention maternal depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results: Preintervention depressive symptoms in the child/adolescent did not predict reduction in body mass index-standard deviation score. High number of psychosocial risks predicted an increase in depressive symptoms. Independently of this association, failure to reduce weight within the 1-year duration of the program was significantly associated with an increase in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: It is necessary to identify cases at risk to offer further and more specific support.
Rhythm analysis for personal and social music applications using drum loop patterns

The development of effective music retrieval and recommendation applications requires meaningful features for characterizing music audio. The rhythm of music audio in particular, besides timbre and melody, is essential in describing the music piece. This paper illustrates how drum loop patterns characterize the salient rhythm structure of music and an approach for drum loop pattern extraction is described. The extracted drum loop patterns are formed based on the temporal regularity (accent on meter) and drum types (bass and snare) of the beats and are good representations of the rhythmic dimension of music. The extracted drum loop patterns are useful for music segmentation and further work would include music classification and similarity matching.
A parallel x-y manipulator with actuation redundancy for high-speed and active-stiffness applications

A 2-DOF parallel manipulator with actuation redundancy is examined for high-speed and stiffness-controlled operation. Advantages of actuation redundancy are outlined. The kinematics and singularity-free workspace of the manipulator are presented together with a force transmission analysis. Finally, a novel control scheme that guarantees a lower bound of the end-effector stiffness (LBSC) is presented. Simulation results are compared with a traditional control scheme for high-speed applications using the minimal 2-norm of actuator torques.
A Noise-Cancelling Receiver Resilient to Large Harmonic Blockers

By employing two passive-mixer-based downconversion paths, a recently proposed noise cancelling receiver achieves a low-noise figure and tolerates most out-of-band blockers up to 0 dBm with little performance degradation. However, like most wideband passive-mixer-based designs, the architecture is far less tolerant of harmonic blockers, that is blockers located at or around precise integer multiples of the LO frequency. These blockers are problematic because they are downconverted inside the bandwidth of the baseband TIAs and, so, experience significant on-chip voltage gain. This work presents an enhanced noise-cancelling architecture that prevents harmonic blockers experiencing large on-chip gain, thereby boosting the receiver's resilience to such blockers. It will be shown that separate techniques are required for the voltage-driven main path and the current-driven auxiliary path. To validated these ideas, single-ended and fully-differential prototypes were fabricated in 28 nm silicon.
Dynamic modeling of hysteresis nonlinearity based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

Hysteresis which is inherent in smart sensors or actuators may severely deteriorate system performance such as giving rise to undesirable inaccuracies or oscillations, even leading to instability. Therefore, it is necessary to find a model describing the behavior of hysteresis. In this method, an improved hysteretic operator is proposed to describe the change tendency and extract the dynamic property of rate-dependent hysteresis. Then a dynamic hysteresis model is established with introduction of such hysteresis operator combined with a linear system. An improved PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm is used for identification of parameters. The established model has a brief structure and few parameters. Finally, the method of modeling hysteresis nonlinearity is applied in piezoelectric actuators and compared with PI model. The results indicate that this model is able to accurately describe the characteristics of hysteresis nonlinearity in the actual system.
On Secure, Privacy-Aware, and Efficient Beacon Broadcasting among One-Hop Neighbors in VANETs

Many Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) applications achieve a decent packet delivery ratio using mobility information in the beacon messages broadcasted to the single hop neighbours. Recently it has been found that if two VANET nodes are not within a line of sight (LoS), the performance of the employed VANET applications can be significantly degraded. Most of the existing VANET researches assume the ideal effective transmission range which does not consider Non-LoS (NLoS) scenario. To fill this gap, this paper provides a new mechanism: (a) to keep the track of the LoS status of individual vehicles on the road (b) to make sure that even in case of NLoS, vehicles maintain their communication with neighbors, and (c) to preserve the location confidentiality and privacy of the users conditionally at all times during communication. We propose a beacons-assisted plausibility-based technique to figure out NLoS status and a cooperative mechanism to guarantee a smooth communication between vehicles in case of NLoS. In case of NLoS, the affected vehicles raise alarms through their beacons and the neighbors with clear LoS to the target vehicles provide the affected vehicle with desired information. Moreover we maintain privacy-aware neighbor lists and location-based encryption for the aforementioned purpose and take the security of privacy of the whole system into account.
UNCONDITIONAL STABILITY OF A CRANK-NICOLSON ADAMS-BASHFORTH 2 NUMERICAL METHOD

Nonlinear partial differential equations modeling turbulent fluid flow and similar processes present special challanges in numerical analysis. Regions of stability of implicit-explicit methods are reviewed, and an energy norm based on Dahlquist’s concept of G-stability is developed. Using this norm, a time-stepping Crank-Nicolson Adams-Bashforth 2 implicit-explicit method for solving spatially-discretized convection-diffusion equations of this type is analyzed and shown to be unconditionally stable.
The retinoblastoma gene product RB stimulates Sp1-mediated transcription by liberating Sp1 from a negative regulator

Studies have demonstrated that the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product, RB, can either positively or negatively regulate expression of several genes through cis-acting elements in a cell-type-dependent manner. The nucleotide sequence of the retinoblastoma control element (RCE) motif, GCCACC or CCACCC, and the Sp1 consensus binding sequence, CCGCCC, can confer equal responsiveness to RB. Here, we report that RB activates transcription of the c-jun gene through the Sp1-binding site within the c-jun promoter. Preincubation of crude nuclear extracts with monoclonal antibodies to RB results in reduction of Sp1 complexes in a mobility shift assay, while addition of recombinant RB in mobility shift assay mixtures with CCL64 cell extracts leads to an enhancement of DNA-binding activity of SP1. These results suggest that RB is directly or indirectly involved in Sp1-DNA binding activity. A mechanism by which RB regulates transactivation is indicated by our detection of a heat-labile and protease-sensitive Sp1 negative regulator(s) (Sp1-I) that specifically inhibits Sp1 binding to a c-jun Sp1 site. This inhibition is reversed by addition of recombinant RB proteins, suggesting that RB stimulates Sp1-mediated transactivation by liberating Sp1 from Sp1-I. Additional evidence for Sp1-I involvement in Sp1-mediated transactivation was demonstrated by cotransfection of RB, GAL4-Sp1, and a GAL4-responsive template into CV-1 cells. Finally, we have identified Sp1-I, a approximately 20-kDa protein(s) that inhibits the Sp1 complexes from binding to DNA and that is also an RB-associated protein. These findings provide evidence for a functional link between two distinct classes of oncoproteins, RB and c-Jun, that are involved in the control of cell growth, and also define a novel mechanism for the regulation of c-jun expression.