Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Producing complete modules in ontology partitioning

Ontology modularization is an important part of ontology engineering for which the reduction of complexity and size of ontology, either breaks an ontology down to all the constituent parts(ontology partitioning) or extracts only a small part of the ontology(module extraction). The presented approach in this essay is concentrated on ontology partitioning. To have complete segments, we initially do the reasoning on ontology and then render the result of reasoning to Pato, a tool for partitioning. So, the generated modules are complete with appropriate size. Although reasoning on large ontologies is time consuming, it happens just one time and instead brings a lot of advantages which cannot be provided by other methods. For guaranteeing this claim, we assess the presented and former methods theoretically and practically and show that the proposed method causes the ontology to be parted properly and the resulted modules can be utilized by different tools like a self contained ontology.
Human–Computer Interface Controlled by the Lip

Lip control system is an innovative human-computer interface specially designed for people with tetraplegia. This paper presents an evaluation of the lower lip potential to control an input device, according to Fitts' law (ISO/TS 9241-411:2012 standard). The results show that the lower lip throughput is comparable with the thumb throughput using the same input device under the same conditions. These results establish the baseline for future research studies about the lower lip capacity to operate a computer input device.
The Antimicrobial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles in Bacillus subtilis Are Mediated by Released Ag+ Ions

The superior antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are well-documented, but the exact mechanisms underlying Ag-NP microbial toxicity remain the subject of intense debate. Here, we show that Ag-NP concentrations as low as 10 ppm exert significant toxicity against Bacillus subtilis, a beneficial bacterium ubiquitous in the soil. Growth arrest and chromosomal DNA degradation were observed, and flow cytometric quantification of propidium iodide (PI) staining also revealed that Ag-NP concentrations of 25 ppm and above increased membrane permeability. RedoxSensor content analysis and Phag-GFP expression analysis further indicated that reductase activity and cytosolic protein expression decreased in B. subtilis cells treated with 10–50 ppm of Ag NPs. We conducted X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses to directly clarify the valence and fine structure of Ag atoms in B. subtilis cells placed in contact with Ag NPs. The results confirmed the Ag species in Ag NP-treated B. subtilis cells as Ag2O, indicating that Ag-NP toxicity is likely mediated by released Ag+ ions from Ag NPs, which penetrate bacterial cells and are subsequently oxidized intracellularly to Ag2O. These findings provide conclusive evidence for the role of Ag+ ions in Ag-NP microbial toxicity, and suggest that the impact of inappropriately disposed Ag NPs to soil and water ecosystems may warrant further investigation.
Mechanisms of the Effect of Involuntary Retirement on Older Adults’ Self-Rated Health and Mental Health

ABSTRACT This study examined mechanisms of the effect of involuntary retirement on self-rated health and mental health among adults aged 50 or older. Using two waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2006 and 2010), we selected a sample of 1,195 individuals working for pay at baseline who responded to a lifestyle questionnaire in both waves. Regression-based path analyses were conducted to test the mediating effects of financial control, positive and negative family relationships, and social integration on the relationship between involuntary retirement and self-rated health and mental health. Results of mediation analyses indicated that transition to involuntary retirement was directly negatively associated with subsequent self-rated health and indirectly negatively associated with mental health via perception of less financial control. Voluntary retirement was indirectly positively associated with both self-rated and mental health via perception of more financial control. No significant direct or indirect effects of retirement were found when retirement was measured with an aggregate measure without specifying its voluntariness. Findings emphasize the importance of specifying the voluntariness of retirement and recognizing the heterogeneity in the mechanisms of involuntary and voluntary retirement.
Back to the Future? The Emergence of a Geneticized Conceptualization of Race in Sociology

Discoveries in human molecular genetics have reanimated unresolved debates over the nature of human difference. In this context, the idea that race has a discrete and measurable genetic basis is currently enjoying a resurgence. The return of a biologized construction of race is somewhat surprising because one of the primary pronouncements to come out of the Human Genome Project was one of human genetic similarity (i.e., humans are over 99.9 percent similar at the molecular level). Perhaps even more surprising is that genetically based notions of race have not been restricted to the biomedical sciences but have recently emerged within the social sciences, specifically sociology, to explicitly challenge a socially constructed understanding of race. Drawing on existing critiques, this article describes problems in recent sociological scholarship and the potential role of social scientists in future work occurring at the intersection of race and genetics. I argue that recent scholarly work meant to challenge the notion of race as a social construction actually makes a powerful case for its continued utility.
List‐coloring the square of a subcubic graph

The square G2 of a graph G is the graph with the same vertex set G and with two vertices adjacent if their distance in G is at most 2. Thomassen showed that every planar graph G with maximum degree Δ(G) = 3 satisfies χ(G2) ≤ 7. Kostochka and Woodall conjectured that for every graph, the list‐chromatic number of G2 equals the chromatic number of G2, that is, χl(G2) = χ(G2) for all G. If true, this conjecture (together with Thomassen's result) implies that every planar graph G with Δ(G) = 3 satisfies χl(G2) ≤ 7. We prove that every connected graph (not necessarily planar) with Δ(G) = 3 other than the Petersen graph satisfies χl(G2) ≤8 (and this is best possible). In addition, we show that if G is a planar graph with Δ(G) = 3 and girth g(G) ≥ 7, then χl(G2) ≤ 7. Dvořák, Škrekovski, and Tancer showed that if G is a planar graph with Δ(G) = 3 and girth g(G) ≥ 10, then χl(G2) ≤6. We improve the girth bound to show that if G is a planar graph with Δ(G) = 3 and g(G) ≥ 9, then χl(G2) ≤ 6. All of our proofs can be easily translated into linear‐time coloring algorithms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 57: 65–87, 2008
Condensing Class Diagrams With Minimal Manual Labeling Cost

Traditionally, to better understand the design of a project, developers can reconstruct a class diagram from source code using a reverse engineering technique. However, the raw diagram is often perplexing because there are too many classes in it. Condensing the reverse engineered class diagram into a compact class diagram which contains only the important classes would enhance the understandability of the corresponding project. A number of recent works have proposed several supervised machine learning solutions that can be used for condensing reverse engineered class diagrams given a set of classes that are manually labeled as important or not. However, a challenge impacts the practicality of the proposed solutions, which is the expensive cost for manual labeling of training samples. More training samples will lead to better performance, but means higher manual labeling cost. Too much manual labeling will make the problem pointless since the aim is to automatically identify important classes. In this paper, to bridge this research gap, we propose a novel approach MCCondenser which only requires a small amount of training data but can still achieve a reasonably good performance. MCCondenser firstly selects a small proportion of all data, which are the most representative, as training data in an unsupervised way using k-means clustering. Next, it uses ensemble learning to handle the class imbalance problem so that a suitable classifier can be constructed based on the limited training data. To evaluate the performance of MCCondenser, we use datasets from nine open source projects, i.e., ArgoUML, JavaClient, JGAP, JPMC, Mars, Maze, Neuroph, Wro4J and xUML, containing a total of 2640 classes. We compare MCCondenser with two baseline approaches proposed by Thung et al., both of which are state-of-the-art approaches aimed to reduce the manual labeling cost. The experimental results show that MCCondenser can achieve an average AUC score of 0.73, which improves those of the two baselines by nearly 20% and 10% respectively.
Chapter8_6okt_24 pages_FINAL.indd

Binding pocket of small molecular weight antagonists In Chapter 3 [1] we extensively investigated the mechanism of action of antagonists belonging to the diarylurea, thiazolopyrimidine and imidazolylpyrimidine chemical classes. All antagonists antagonize CXCL8 most probably via a non-competitive, allosteric mechanism. Interestingly, using the diarylurea [3H]-SB265610 compound, we discovered that CXCR2 antagonists of different chemical classes bind to distinct binding sites at the CXCR2 receptor. Recently, two research groups provided evidence that compounds belonging to the diarylurea and thiazolopyrimidine class most likely bind to the intracellular region of CXCR2 [2, 3]. This is an interesting finding, since small molecular weight antagonists are mostly considered to bind to the 7 trans-membrane (TM) domain of chemokine receptors [4], including repertaxin to CXCR1 [5, 6], AMD3100 to CXCR4 [7, 8] , BX-471 to CCR1 [9], TAK-779 to CCR2 /CCR5 [10-14] and Maraviroc to CCR5 [14].
Extremophiles: An Overview of Microorganism from Extreme Environment

Extremophilic organisms are primarily prokaryotic (archaea and bacteria), with few eukaryotic examples. Extremophiles are defined by the environmental conditions in which they grow optimally. The organisms may be described as acidophilic (optimal growth between pH 1 and pH 5); alkaliphilic (optimal growth above pH 9); halophilic (optimal growth in environments with high concentrations of salt); thermophilic (optimal growth between 60 and 80°C); hyperthermophilic (optimal growth above 80°C); psychrophilic (optimal growth at 15°C or lower, with a maximum tolerant temperature of 20°C and minimal growth at or below 0°C); piezophilic, or barophilic (optimal growth at high hydrostatic pressure); oligotrophic (growth in nutritionally limited environments); endolithic (growth within rock or within pores of mineral grains); and xerophilic (growth in dry conditions, with low water availability). Some extremophiles are adapted simultaneously to multiple stresses (polyextremophile); common examples include thermoacidophiles and haloalkaliphiles. Extremophiles are of biotechnological interest, as they produce extremozymes, defined as enzymes that are functional under extreme conditions. Extremozymes are useful in industrial production procedures and research applications because of their ability to remain active under the severe conditions typically employed in these processes. The study of extremophiles provides an understanding of the physicochemical parameters defining life on Earth and may provide insight into how life on Earth originated. The postulations that extreme environmental conditions existed on primitive Earth and that life arose in hot environments have led to the theory that extremophiles are vestiges of primordial organisms and thus are models of ancient life.
Family Economic Hardship, Parental Support, and Adolescent Self-Esteem*

Basing our research on self-reports and observational data from a sample of 451 families of early adolescents, we use structural equation modeling to examine the effects of parents' reports of family economic hardship on the self-esteem of their adolescent children. We found that family economic hardship affects early adolescents' self-esteem indirectly by decreasing parental support and involvement, but had a very weak direct effect. We conclude that the effects of the family's economic hard times on parents' behaviors toward their adolescent children are more psychologically central to early adolescents than are the direct consequences of the family's economic situation. The psychological effects of socioeco
Substrate-Integrated Waveguide-Based 60-GHz Resonant Slotted Waveguide Arrays With Wide Impedance Bandwidth and High Gain

Conventional resonant-slotted waveguide arrays can only achieve a few percent of impedance bandwidth. This paper presents a new substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW)-based 60-GHz resonant-slotted waveguide array, which can achieve both wide impedance bandwidth and high gain. In the design, resonant slots with different resonant frequencies are arranged at unequal spacing along the SIW. The variance of the excitation voltages of different resonant slots is minimized to improve the arrays' impedance bandwidth and gain. A 4 × 1-element subarray is designed accordingly, which shows a -10-dB impedance bandwidth from 56.5 to 66.7 GHz (16.6%) with a peak broadside gain of 11.5 dBi. Based on this subarray, three other arrays with 4 × 4, 8 × 4, and 8 × 8-slot elements are designed, fabricated, and measured. Long nonresonant slots are placed between each two subarrays to improve isolation. Measured results of the three fabricated arrays show -10-dB impedance bandwidths of 20.8%, 22.4%, 18.8%, respectively, and peak broadside gain of 18.3, 19.9, and 22.8 dBi, respectively. The proposed structures exhibit wider impedance bandwidth and higher peak gain than their former counterparts.
An interactive support system for activating shopping streets using robot partners in informationally structured space

This paper proposes an interactive information support system to activate shopping streets and local communities using robot partners based on informationally structured system. The aim of this paper is to recommend restaurants, shops, sightseeing spots to visitors in a rental bicycle shop. The interactive support system is composed of three main subsystems of sensor network devices, informationally structured space servers, and robot partners. Sensor network devices measure the number of people, human motions, and human behaviors. The informationally structured space server receives human motions and human requests and preference, and decides recommendation information. Robot partners perform communication and interaction through voice recognition and gesture recognition in addition to touch interface [1,2]. The schedule and requests of a visitor are inputted by the touch interface of a tablet PC equipped with the face of a robot partner. The informationally structured space server selects and recommends several shops, restaurants, and sightseeing spots along the route in a map by using content-based filtering [3]. Finally, we show experimental results of the proposed method, and discuss the future direction on this research.
NIPP1 maintains EZH2 phosphorylation and promoter occupancy at proliferation-related target genes

The histone methyltransferase EZH2 regulates cell proliferation and differentiation by silencing Polycomb group target genes. NIPP1, a nuclear regulator of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), has been implicated in the regulation of EZH2 occupancy at target loci, but the underlying mechanism is not understood. Here, we demonstrate that the phosphorylation of EZH2 by cyclin-dependent kinases at Thr416 creates a docking site for the ForkHead-associated domain of NIPP1. Recruited NIPP1 enables the net phosphorylation of EZH2 by inhibiting its dephosphorylation by PP1. Accordingly, a NIPP1-binding mutant of EZH2 is hypophosphorylated, and the knockdown of NIPP1 results in a reduced phosphorylation of endogenous EZH2. Conversely, the loss of PP1 is associated with a hyperphosphorylation of EZH2. A genome-wide promoter-binding profiling in HeLa cells revealed that the NIPP1-binding mutant shows a deficient association with about a third of the Polycomb target genes, and these are enriched for functions in proliferation. Our data identify PP1 as an EZH2 phosphatase and demonstrate that the phosphorylation-regulated association of EZH2 with proliferation-related targets depends on associated NIPP1.
Size-dependent image resampling for mutual information based remote sensing image registration

Registration consistency has been used as a performance evaluation criterion for mutual information based image registration techniques when the ground truth is not known. In practice, when the spatial resolutions of the two images to be registered are different, the low resolution image is often chosen as the floating image to expedite the registration process because it involves fewer pixels. However, we have found that this choice introduces problems when the difference in spatial resolution is large. This is because the resulting mutual information registration function calculated through linear interpolation or partial volume interpolation can be extremely rough that makes the optimization hard to perform and the registration result unreliable. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a size-dependent kernel to resample the high resolution reference image for joint histogram estimation. Since the size of the support of the kernel can be very large, the computational load of this approach is high and loses the advantage of using the low resolution image as the floating image. As an alternate approach, an offline preprocessing of the high resolution image is proposed in this paper. After preprocessing the high resolution reference image, conventional linear and partial volume interpolations can be employed to estimate the joint histogram efficiently. A HyMap image (6.8m/pixel) and a digital aerial photograph (0.15m/pixel) are used in our experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Obesity is associated with impaired cardiac autonomic modulation in children.

OBJECTIVE To examine the cross-sectional association between measurements of obesity and subclinical impairment of cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) in a population-based sample of children. METHODS Data from 616 grade K-5 children randomly selected from Central Pennsylvania were utilized. Obesity was defined using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and sex-specific cut-off criteria and classified as normal weight, overweight, and obese. CAM was measured by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis of beat-to-beat RR intervals, including time domain measures i.e., the standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean of the sum of squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD), and mean heart rate (HR); and frequency domain measures i.e., high frequency power (HF), low frequency power (LF), and LF/HF ratio. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity and overweight in children was 12.3%, and 16.5%, respectively. Age, race, sex, and sleep disorder breathing (SDB) adjusted means (standard error, SE) of SDNN were 98 (1.24), 90.2 (2.58), and 81.9 (3.03) milliseconds (ms) in normal weight, overweight, and obese groups, respectively; and that for (log) HF were 6.83 (0.04), 6.56 (0.08), and 6.35 (0.09) ms(2), respectively. Comparing the magnitude of effects from body mass index (BMI), weight, and height percentiles, and waist circumference on HRV indices revealed that body weight was the strongest correlate of HRV indices. CONCLUSION Childhood obesity is significantly associated with lower HRV, indicative of sympathetic overflow unopposed by parasympathetic modulation. These findings support the need to target childhood-obesity before traditional "high risk age" for cardiac events.
An industrial application of control of dynamic behavior of robots-a walk-through programmed welding robot

Robot programming is a very tedious task that involves defining the relevant robot positions and configurations, and writing the robot program to execute the task. In this paper, we present an application of the control of the dynamic behavior of robotic manipulators to achieve walk-through programming of a powered arm. The algorithm is based on impedance control with zero stiffness to allow the robot to be moved by the human hand during walk-through teaching. We demonstrate the application using a welding robot we have customized and improved on for use in shipyards. We describe the architecture, our methodologies, the practical issues and present the results of our performance evaluation.
The Evaluation of Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Nasal Geometry Using Objective and Subjective Methods

Introduction: It is known that obesity causes obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by increasing upper airway resistance. Also, obese patients are admitted to the ear, nose, and throat clinic very often because of nasal obstruction complaint. The aim of this study is to identify the change and relation among body mass index (BMI), nasal resistance, reduction in nasal ariflow, nasal anatomy, and patients’ subjective complaints. Material and Method: A total of 67 patients admitted to our clinic between August 2013 and January 2014 were included in the study. The study group comprised 33 patients who had a chief complaint—nasal obstruction and the other group consisted of 34 patients who had no complaint and nasal pathology. Both the groups were checked with acoustic rhinometry (AR), active anterior rhinomanometer, nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE), and visual analog study (VAS) questionnaire. Results: There is a significant statistical correlation between the body mass increase and VAS and NOSE score increase (P < 0.05). But the authors did not find any statistically significant relation between BMI and total inspiratory and expiratory MR and MF measured by anterior active rhinomanometer and left and right nasal cavity MCA, and volume measured by acoustic rhinometery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Contrary to belief, obesity does not change the nasal resistance, airflow, and anatomy but it can cause subjective nasal complaints.