Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Future Internet Technologies to Strengthen Criminal Justice

• Panelists frequently noted the importance of civil rights, privacy rights, and cybersecurity protections. Key findings SUMMARY Web technologies just over the horizon, including semantic tagging, intelligent agents, and the Internet of Things (IoT), could dramatically change how the criminal justice enterprise operates. In September 2014, the RAND Corporation convened an expert panel for the National Institute of Justice to discuss how the criminal justice community can take advantage of (and reduce the risks from) these emerging web technologies. The panel assembled 16 experts on both web technologies and criminal justice, and collectively identified 45 technology needs. After the conference, the panelists assessed the expected value derived from each need by rating each need’s potential importance to criminal justice (law enforcement, courts, or corrections), the technical feasibility of meeting the need, and the operational feasibility of meeting the need. Top needs from the workshop are displayed in sidebars. Major themes that cut across groups of needs are described below.
Numerical Modeling of the Radio Nebula from the 2004 December 27 Giant Flare of SGR 1806–20

We use the relativistic hydrodynamics code Cosmos++ to model the evolution of the radio nebula triggered by the 2004 December 27 giant flare event of SGR 1806-20. We primarily focus on the rebrightening and centroid motion occurring subsequent to day 20 following the flare event. We model this period as a mildly relativistic (γ ~ 1.07-1.67) jetted outflow expanding into the ISM. We demonstrate that a jet with total energy ~1046 ergs confined to a half opening angle ~20° fits the key observables of this event, e.g., the flux light curve, emission map centroid position, and aspect ratio. In particular, we find excellent agreement with observations if the rebrightening is due to the jet, moving at 0.5c and inclined ~0°-40° toward the observer, colliding with a density discontinuity in the ISM at a radius of several times 1016 cm. We also find that a jet with a higher velocity, ≳0.7c, and larger inclination, ≳70°, moving into a uniform ISM can fit the observations in general but tends to miss the details of rebrightening. The latter, uniform ISM model predicts an ISM density more than 100 times lower than that of the former model and thus suggests an independent test that might discriminate between the two. One of the strongest constraints of both models is that the data seem to require a nonuniform jet in order to be well fitted.
Measuring Human-Computer Trust

In this study a psychometric instrument specifically designed to measure human-computer trust (HCT) was developed and tested. A rigorous method similar to that described by Moore and Benbasat (1991) was adopted. It was found that both cognitive and affective components of trust could be measured and that, in this study, the affective components were the strongest indicators of trust. The reliability of the instrument, measured as Cronbach's alpha, was 0.94. This instrument is the first of its kind to be specifically designed to measure HCT and shown empirically to be valid and reliable.
Using Business Intelligence to Support Strategic Sustainability Information Management

The concept of sustainability has become an important phenomenon globally with many organisations being affected by the heightened awareness in sustainability. Organisations are more aware of the importance of promoting sustainability in all areas of operations. This is no different in the higher education sector, with a number of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) playing a leading role in promoting sustainable initiatives. Effectively managing these initiatives however can be a complex task and requires data and information from multiple aspects of operations. In an HEI, operating sustainably means ensuring financial sustainability, social sustainability, environmental sustainability and educational sustainability. In order to manage sustainability effectively, HEIs require an integrated tool that can provide information on all areas of sustainability. This paper highlights the importance of effectively managing sustainability information and the challenges HEIs face in sustainability reporting. Business Intelligence (BI) is a solution to overcome the challenges and effectively managing sustainability information. However, HEIs need to overcome a number of challenges associated with BI to ensure a BI solution is correctly implemented and is effective in solving the problem of effective sustainability information management. This study focusses on the management of sustainability information in South African HEIs. The results indicate that there are many challenges to managing sustainability information in South African HEIs, including siloed data and information as well as poor sharing and communication of information. These two challenges can be overcome by a correctly implemented BI solution.
Coarse-grained local and objective continuum description of three-dimensional granular flows down an inclined surface

Dry, frictional, steady-state granular flows down an inclined, rough surface are studied with discrete particle simulations. From this exemplary flow situation, macroscopic fields, consistent with the conservation laws of continuum theory, are obtained from microscopic data by time-averaging and spatial smoothing (coarse-graining). Two distinct coarse-graining length scale ranges are identified, where the fields are almost independent of the smoothing length w. The smaller, sub-particle length scale, w ≪ d, resolves layers in the flow near the base boundary that cause oscillations in the macroscopic fields. The larger, particle length scale, w ≈ d, leads to smooth stress and density fields, but the kinetic stress becomes scale-dependent; however, this scale-dependence can be quantified and removed. The macroscopic fields involve density, velocity, granular temperature, as well as strain-rate, stress, and fabric (structure) tensors. Due to the plane strain flow, each tensor can be expressed in an inherently anisotropic form with only four objective, coordinate frame invariant variables. For example, the stress is decomposed as: (i) the isotropic pressure, (ii) the “anisotropy” of the deviatoric stress, i.e., the ratio of deviatoric stress (norm) and pressure, (iii) the anisotropic stress distribution between the principal directions, and (iv) the orientation of its eigensystem. The strain rate tensor sets the reference system, and each objective stress (and fabric) variable can then be related, via discrete particle simulations, to the inertial number, I. This represents the plane strain special case of a general, local, and objective constitutive model. The resulting model is compared to existing theories and clearly displays small, but significant deviations from more simplified theories in all variables – on both the different length scales.
Analysis of an Energy-based Atomistic/continuum Coupling Approximation of a Vacancy in the 2d Triangular Lattice Analysis of an Energy-based Atomistic/continuum Coupling Approximation of a Vacancy in the 2d Triangular Lattice

We present a comprehensive a priori error analysis of a practical energy based atomistic/continuum coupling method (Shapeev, arXiv:1010.0512) in two dimensions, for finite-range pair-potential interactions, in the presence of vacancy defects. The majority of the work is devoted to the analysis of consistency and stability of the method. These yield a priori error estimates in the H 1-norm and the energy, which depend on the mesh size and the " smoothness " of the atomistic solution in the continuum region. Based on these error estimates, we present heuristics for an optimal choice of the atomistic region and the finite element mesh, which yields convergence rates in terms of the number of degrees of freedom. The analytical predictions are supported by extensive numerical tests. Abstract. We present a comprehensive a priori error analysis of a practical energy based atomistic/continuum coupling method (Shapeev, arXiv:1010.0512) in two dimensions , for finite-range pair-potential interactions, in the presence of vacancy defects. The majority of the work is devoted to the analysis of consistency and stability of the method. These yield a priori error estimates in the H 1-norm and the energy, which depend on the mesh size and the " smoothness " of the atomistic solution in the continuum region. Based on these error estimates, we present heuristics for an optimal choice of the atomistic region and the finite element mesh, which yields convergence rates in terms of the number of degrees of freedom. The analytical predictions are supported by extensive numerical tests.
Label Ranking Methods based on the Plackett-Luce Model

This paper introduces two new methods for label ranking based on a probabilistic model of ranking data, called the Plackett-Luce model. The idea of the first method is to use the PL model to fit locally constant probability models in the context of instance-based learning. As opposed to this, the second method estimates a global model in which the PL parameters are represented as functions of the instance. Comparing our methods with previous approaches to label ranking, we find that they offer a number of advantages. Experimentally, we moreover show that they are highly competitive to start-of-the-art methods in terms of predictive accuracy, especially in the case of training data with incomplete ranking information.
Research on selecting and nurturing core suppliers of complex equipment manufacturers based on Grey GERT model

Selecting and nurturing core suppliers is a key element for complex equipment manufacturers to maintain a competitive advantage and make profits. With nurturing activities are carried out, the relationship between manufacturers and suppliers will be transferred from one state to another state. It's random and can be reflected by a certain probability. Manufacturers can't find out the exact value of probability because of the limited information of real life. Analyzing the approximate range of probability will be much easier. Based on GERT network and Grey system theory, this paper constructs the Grey GERT model of selecting and nurturing core suppliers to study the probability that a prospective supplier developed into a core supplier. Meanwhile, it sets aircraft industry which is the typical industry of complex equipment as an example to give the specific solution and analysis process. The result shows that the value of the natural probability that a prospective supplier developed into a core supplier is just 7.6%. Based on it, this paper studies the effects of the strengthening nurture gave by manufacturers to increase the probability in different phases in order to find out the optimal phase. The result shows that the phase when a prospective supplier forms a general trading relationship with manufacturers is the optimal phase.
Feature Selection and Boosting Methods for Prediction of Cognitive Load from Acoustic Data

An analysis of acoustic features for a ternary cognitive load classification task and an application of a classification boosting method to the same task are presented. The analysis is based on a data set that encompasses a rich array of acoustic features as well as electroglottographic (EGG) data gathered for the COMputational PARalinguistic ChallengE (ComParE 2014). Supervised and unsupervised methods for identifying constitutive features of the data set are investigated with the ultimate goal of improving prediction. Our experiments show that the different tasks used to elicit the speech for this challenge affect the acoustic features differently in terms of their predictive power and that different feature selection methods might be necessary across these sub-tasks. The sizes of the training sets are also an important factor, as evidenced by the fact that the use of boosting combined with feature selection was enough to bring the unweighted recall scores for the Stroop tasks well above a strong support vector machine baseline.
Joint signal frequency and 2-D DOA estimation based on space-time processing approach

In this paper, we present a space-time algorithm to estimate the carrier frequency, azimuth and elevation angles of multiple independent sources based on arbitrary array. The algorithm transfers the observed data from space domain to 2-D space-time domain by exploiting the cross-correlation of the array outputs, constructs space-time cross-correlation matrixes. The algorithm only needs three guiding sensors, and using 2-D ESPRIT can estimate carrier frequency, azimuth and elevation angles of multiple independent sources which have different carrier frequency. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.
DutchHatTrick: Semantic Query Modeling, ConText, Section Detection, and Match Score Maximization

This report discusses the collaborative work of the ErasmusMC, University of Twente, and the University of Amsterdam on the TREC 2011 Medical track. Here, the task is to retrieve patient visits from the University of Pittsburgh NLP Repository for 35 topics. The repository consists of 101,711 patient reports, and a patient visit was recorded in one or more reports.
Chronic hypercalcaemia secondary to hyperparathyroidism: a risk factor during anaesthesia?

Hypercalcaemia (increased plasma total calcium concentration, [Ca]) has been associated with serious ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac arrest in patients with hyperparathyroidism. To support our impression that the occurrence of such complications during surgery is rare, we examined the records and e.c. g. of 193 patients with moderate hypercalcaemia ([Ca] = 2.89 +/- 0.02 mmol litre-1, mean +/- SEM) secondary to histologically demonstrable parathyroid hyperfunction, who were admitted to hospital between 1974 and 1978 We found that ventricular arrhythmia was not recorded for any patient, and A-V junctional rhythm was present at the beginning of operation in two. Before operation a statistically significant although minimal shortening of corrected values of Q-T interval occurred compared with a control group (n = 60). However, duration of the corrected Q-T interval was not diagnostic of increased [Ca] in a given patient with hyperparathyroidism.
Evaluation of the Clinical Global Impression Scale among individuals with social anxiety disorder

Background. The clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) is commonly used as a primary outcome measure in studies evaluating the efficacy of treatments for anxiety disorders. The current study evaluated the psychometric properties and predictors of clinicians' ratings on an adapted version of the CGI among individuals with social anxiety disorders. Method. An independent assessor administered the CGI Severity of Illness and Improvement ratings to 123 patients at baseline and the subset of treated patients again mid- and post-treatment. Results. Improvement ratings were strongly related to both concurrent Severity of Illness and changes in Severity of Illness ratings from baseline. Additionally, both CGI ratings were positively correlated with both self-report and clinician-administered measures of social anxiety, depression, impairment and quality of life. Measures of social anxiety symptoms accounted for a large portion of the variance in Severity of Illness ratings, with significant additional variance accounted for by measures of impairment and depression. Changes in social anxiety symptoms from baseline accounted for significant variance in Improvement ratings, but no significant additional variance was accounted for by changes in impairment and depressive symptoms. Conclusions. Our findings support the utility of the CGI as an index of global severity and symptom-specific improvement among individuals with social anxiety disorder.
Whole‐brain glutamate metabolism evaluated by steady‐state kinetics using a double‐isotope procedure: effects of gabapentin

Cerebral rates of anaplerosis are known to be significant, yet the rates measured in vivo have been debated. In order to track glutamate metabolism in brain glutamatergic neurons and brain glia, for the first time unrestrained awake rats were continuously infused with a combination of H14CO3– and [1−13C]glucose in over 50 infusions ranging from 5 to 60 min. In whole‐brain extracts from these animals, the appearance of 14C in brain glutamate and glutamine and appearance of 13C in the C‐4 position of glutamate and glutamine were measured as a function of time. The rate of total neuronal glutamate turnover, the anaplerotic rate of synthesis of glutamine and glutamate from H14CO3–, flux through the glutamate/glutamine cycle, and a minimum estimate of whole‐brain anaplerosis was obtained. The rate of synthesis of 14C‐glutamate from H14CO3– was 1.29 ± 0.11 nmoles/min/mg protein, whereas the rate of synthesis of 14C‐glutamine was 1.48 ± 0.10 nmoles/min/mg protein compared to total glutamate turnover of 9.39 ± 0.73 nmoles/min/mg protein. From the turnover rate of glutamine, an upper limit for flux through the glutamate/glutamine cycle was estimated at 4.6 nmoles/min/mg protein. Synthesis of glutamine from H14CO3– was substantial, amounting to 32% of the glutamate/glutamine cycle. These rates were not significantly affected by a single injection of 100 mg/kg of the antiepileptic drug gabapentin. In contrast, acute administration of gabapentin significantly lowered incorporation of H14CO3– into glutamate and glutamine in excised rat retinas, suggesting metabolic effects of gabapentin may require chronic treatment and/or are restricted to brain areas enriched in target enzymes such as the cytosolic branched chain aminotransferase. We conclude that the brain has a high anaplerotic activity and that the combination of two tracers with different precursors affords unique insights into the compartmentation of cerebral metabolism.
Odorant Transport Modeling

Introduction The document describes results of simple 2D simulation for the convection-diffusion transport within a sensor array. Geometry and numerical values of the parameters are chosen rather arbitrary. The goal is rather to demonstrate what typical simulation results look like and how one can speed simulation up considerably by means of modern model reduction. We will start with the description of a case study, then we will present model reduction and discuss what computational advantages it brings forward and after that we will show how the concentration profile depends on the consumption rate at sensors and flow velocity.
The Role of Money and Monetary Policy in Crisis Periods: The Euro Area Case

In this paper, we test two models of the Eurozone, with a special emphasis on the role of money and monetary policy during crises. The role of separability between money and consumption is investigated further and we analyse the Euro area economy during three different crises: 1992, 2001 and 2007. We find that money has a rather significant role to play in explaining output variations during crises whereas, at the same time, the role of monetary policy on output decreases significantly. Moreover, we find that a model with non-separability between consumption and money has better forecasting performance than a baseline separable model over crisis periods.
SymTest: A Framework for Symbolic Testing of Embedded Software

In test case generation methods based on symbolic testing and/or model checking, the primary emphasis is on covering code/model elements and not on optimising test sequence length. However, in certain domains, e.g. embedded systems, GUI, networking software, testing process may involve interaction with other physical subsystems, possibly remotely situated. Thus, test sequence length may have important implications on the cost of testing. In this paper, we present SymTest, a novel framework for test sequence generation for testing embedded systems. SymTest selects good control flow paths so as to generate shorter test sequences. In case of unsatisfiability, SymTest explores the neighbouring paths using backtracking and heuristics. SymTest is distinctive w.r. t. other related methods in its attempt to generate shorter test sequences while searching for feasible paths. The other novelty is that SymTest allows plugging in heuristics in a flexible way, a feature because of which we call SymTest a framework and not an algorithm. Part of SymTest's power is in its extensibility to seamlessly accommodate more heuristics, thus enhancing its ability to generate shorter test sequences with economy of effort. Our experiments with SymTest show that SymTest achieves significantly shorter test sequences, with comparatively higher test coverage, as compared with other methods.
Wealth and happiness 1 Unpacking the hedonic paradox : A dynamic analysis of the relationships between financial capital , social capital and life satisfaction

Does money buy happiness? Or is happiness derived from looking outwards toward our social networks? Many researchers have answered these questions by exploring whether the best predictor of well-being is either economic or social (or some fixed combination of the two). This paper argues for a dynamic perspective on the capacity for economic and social factors to predict well-being. In two studies we show that both money (individual income) and community (social capital) can be the basis for individual happiness. However, the relative influence of each factor depends on the context within which happiness is considered, and how this shapes the way people define the self. Study 1 primes either money or community in the laboratory and demonstrates that such priming shifts individual values (so that they are economic versus communal) and determines the extent to which income is more (versus less) predictive of life satisfaction than social relations. Study 2 looks at these same priming processes in the external world (with people traveling to versus from work). Both studies show that while money can become the basis of happiness when the self is defined in economic terms, the role of community relations in predicting happiness is more stable across contexts.
Thermodynamical properties of some coset CFT backgrounds

We investigate the thermodynamical features of two Lorentzian signature backgrounds that arise in string theory as exact CFTs and possess more than two disconnected asymptotic regions: the 2‐d charged black hole and the Nappi‐Witten cosmological model. We find multiple smooth disconnected Euclidean versions of the charged black hole background. They are characterized by different temperatures and electro‐chemical potentials. We find that there is no straightforward analog of the Hartle‐Hawking state that would express these thermodynamical features. We also obtain multiple Euclidean versions of the Nappi‐Witten cosmological model and study their singularity structure. It suggests to associate a non‐isotropic temperature with this background.
Defying the fine structure constant: single Cooper pair circuit free of charge offsets

The promise of single Cooper pair quantum circuits based on t unnel junctions for metrology and quantum information applications is severely limited by the influence of “offset” charges – random, slowly drifting microscopic charges inherent to many solid-state systems. A remedy is to shunt th e junction with a sufficiently large inductance. However, the small value of the fine structure constant imposes a fundamental incompatibility between sh unting with a wirewound inductor and providing correct electromagnetic envi ronment for single Cooper pair effects. By employing the Josephson kinetic ind uctance of a series array of large capacitance tunnel junctions, we have solvedthis conundrum and realized a new superconducting artificial atom. Its ener gy spectrum manifests the anharmonicity associated with single Cooper pai r effects combined with total insensitivity to offset charges.