Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chromosome 10 Phosphatase and Tensin Homologue Deleted on Inhibiting the Expression of Early Growth Response-1 and Phospholipase D Prevents Etoposide-Induced Apoptosis

Phospholipase D (PLD) has emerged as a critical regulator of cell proliferation and survival signaling. We show for the first time that elevated expression of PLD isozymes attenuates expression of the tumor suppressors early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) tumor suppressor and apoptosis during etoposide treatment. When formation of phosphatidic acid was inhibited by overexpression of catalytically inactive PLD during etoposide treatment, expression of Egr-1 and PTEN and the apoptotic effect of etoposide were not inhibited. This suggests that PLD inhibits expression of these tumor suppressors and inhibits apoptosis. Deletion of a specific Egr-1-binding site present in the PTEN promoter blocked etoposide-induced PTEN activity and elevated expression of PLD decreased the sensitivity to apoptosis induced by ectopic expression of Egr-1. Etoposide-induced activation of Akt was potentiated by overexpression of PLD and PLD-stimulated suppression of Egr-1 was blocked by inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt survival pathway at the both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. These results show that survival signals generated by PLD attenuate expression of Egr-1 by activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway and induction of PTEN by Egr-1, which confers resistance to apoptosis. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(2): 784-93)
Incomplete character sums and a special class of permutations

Nous donnons une methode pour majorer des sommes incompletes des valeurs d'un caractere d'un groupe abelien fini, en des elements generes par une recurrence d'ordre 1. Cette methode est particulierement explicite lorsque la recurrence implique un type special de permutations, appelees R-orthomorphismes. Nous donnons quelques exemples de ces R-orthomorphismes.
An Examination of Organizational Fluidity and Workplace Quality in a Community College Setting: An Internal Multi-Stakeholder Perspective.

approved: Larry D. Roper Community colleges today are experiencing monumental shifts in their operating environments. Some of these changes are known, but many of them are not. They include shifts in curriculum, funding, and societal expectation to name a few. Through the constructs of high quality work environment and organizational fluidity theory, this research explored pathways of understanding toward developing holistic strategies of sustainably building institutional capacity to creatively and innovatively mitigate changes in the operating environment. This quasi-experimental single case study utilized existing organizational fluidity and high quality work environment Likert scales delivered in a semi-structured interview format. Conclusions derived from these findings were four fold: a) Organizational structures existed at the participant community college that may be barriers to achieving the desired fluid state. b) Insufficient internal formal and informal communication college wide coupled with lack of consistent college-wide strategic alignment created significant confusion for internal stakeholders. c) The high degree of workplace quality perceived at the college could potentially support further progress toward realizing a fluid operating state. d) For high quality workplace and organizational fluidity variables to more accurately describe the community college environment, community college specific terminology and motivations need to be reflected in the descriptive language. For the community college to move forward toward the fluid operating state that it desires, it was recommended that the college actively invest in reducing the structural barriers to organizational fluidity identified in this study and engage in developing a conscious strategy to improve both informal and formal communication throughout the college. This study contributes significant benefit in that it shows promise in indicating specific variables that a community college wishing to move toward or maintain a fluid state needs to either improve or maintain. With continued exploration, ultimately the hope with this new understanding is to offer new approaches to community colleges to allow them to fluidly to mitigate potentially disrupting events, to recognize environmental opportunity, and most importantly, to meet their missions of serving students and their communities more effectively. This was the first step. © Copyright by Catherine L. Porter January 24, 2013 All Rights Reserved An Examination of Organizational Fluidity and Workplace Quality in a Community College Setting: An Internal Multi-Stakeholder Perspective by Catherine L. Porter A DISSERTATION Submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Presented January 24, 2013 Commencement June 2013! Doctor of Philosophy dissertation of Catherine L. Porter presented on January 24, 2013.
The sensory channel of presentation alters subjective ratings and autonomic responses toward disgusting stimuli—Blood pressure, heart rate and skin conductance in response to visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory presented disgusting stimuli

Disgust causes specific reaction patterns, observable in mimic responses and body reactions. Most research on disgust deals with visual stimuli. However, pictures may cause another disgust experience than sounds, odors, or tactile stimuli. Therefore, disgust experience evoked by four different sensory channels was compared. A total of 119 participants received 3 different disgusting and one control stimulus, each presented through the visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory channel. Ratings of evoked disgust as well as responses of the autonomic nervous system (heart rate, skin conductance level, systolic blood pressure) were recorded and the effect of stimulus labeling and of repeated presentation was analyzed. Ratings suggested that disgust could be evoked through all senses; they were highest for visual stimuli. However, autonomic reaction toward disgusting stimuli differed according to the channel of presentation. In contrast to the other, olfactory disgust stimuli provoked a strong decrease of systolic blood pressure. Additionally, labeling enhanced disgust ratings and autonomic reaction for olfactory and tactile, but not for visual and auditory stimuli. Repeated presentation indicated that participant's disgust rating diminishes to all but olfactory disgust stimuli. Taken together we argue that the sensory channel through which a disgust reaction is evoked matters.
AODV and OLSR Routing Protocols in MANET

The growing of wireless and mobile technologies has resulted in more and more active researches to be done on scalability, performance, and compatibility of packet routing with minimal changes to the network. In this paper, we review two well known routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks i.e., Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector and Optimized Link State Routing Protocols and compare them in terms of performance.
A utility minimization approach for energy‐aware cooperative content distribution with fairness constraints

Cooperation between mobile terminals (MTs) with the objective of energy minimization is studied. The purpose is to distribute a content of common interest to collaborating MTs while ensuring a reduced energy consumption. To reach this goal, the content is sent to selected MTs on a long‐range link. Then, it is forwarded to other MTs on short‐range mobile‐to‐mobile links. The problem is formulated as an optimization problem, and the optimal solution is shown to consist of sending the content to a single MT on the long‐range link and of having that MT distribute it on the short‐range links. This leads to an unfair energy consumption for the selected MT. Thus, to ensure fairness in energy consumption, a low complexity utility minimization algorithm is proposed. Using the appropriate utilities, the algorithm can be used to implement the optimal greedy energy minimization solution or to ensure different degrees of fairness in energy consumption. Practical constraints concerning the centralised and distributed implementations of the proposed algorithm are also discussed. Simulation results show that significant energy savings can be achieved with the proposed approach compared with the non‐collaborative case. In addition, a tradeoff between fairness and energy savings is achieved depending on the utility selected. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Initiating GrabCut by color difference for automatic foreground extraction of passport imagery

Grabcut, an iterative algorithm based on Graph Cut, is a popular foreground segmentation method. However, it suffers from a main drawback: a manual interaction is required in order to start segmenting the image. In this paper, four different methods based on image pairs are used to obtain an initial extraction of the foreground. Then, the obtained initial estimation of the foreground is used as input to the GrabCut algorithm, thus avoiding the need of interaction. Moreover, this paper is focused on passport images, which require an almost pixel-perfect segmentation in order to be a valid photo. Having gathered our own dataset and generated ground truth images, promising results are obtained in terms of F1-scores, with a maximum mean of 0.975 among all the images, improving the performance of GrabCut in all cases. Some future work directions are given for those unsolved issues that were faced, such as the segmentation in hair regions or tests in a non-uniform background scenario.
Robust PID controller design for two-way remote performance system in the presence of mass uncertainty and Smith predictor

Time delay is considered as the main problem in remote performance system design. In this study, the robustness of closed-loop system and adaptability with two separate local controller for the commander system and obedient system in the presence of uncertain delay time in communication channel and operation environment is can be obtained, such that the local controller of obedient is responsible to track obedient system location through commander system, and the second local controller complements the matching property intelligently in addition to ensure the stability of the closed-loop system. In this article, a graphical method has been proposed to obtain the entire ranges of PID controller application, leading to the robustness of a system with time delay; we also introduce mass uncertainty. This method depends on system frequency response by nature, decreasing the complexities to model the system. In fact, time delays and parametric uncertainties are often formed in time processes and cause controller design to be essential for system. Appropriate performance results and robustness will represent the stability of the system against time delay uncertainty.
Low latency audio pitch shifting in the time domain

This paper presents a novel pitch shifting algorithm that achieves latency significantly lower than existing techniques. As such, it provides a solution for various situations such as live performances in which pitch shifting within less than 10 ms of latency is desired. Based on IIR filters, oscillators and ring modulations, the proposed algorithm completely differs from previous approaches. This paper presents this novel algorithm in detail and shows how it was implemented. It further compares it to other pitch shifting techniques in terms of latency.
Latent profile analysis and principal axis factoring of the DSM-5 dissociative subtype

Objective A dissociative subtype has been recognized based on the presence of experiences of depersonalization and derealization in relation to DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the dissociative subtype has not been assessed in a community sample in relation to the revised DSM-5 PTSD criteria. Moreover, the 20-item PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) currently does not assess depersonalization and derealization. Method We therefore evaluated two items for assessing depersonalization and derealization in 557 participants recruited online who endorsed PTSD symptoms of at least moderate severity on the PCL-5. Results A five-class solution identified two PTSD classes who endorsed dissociative experiences associated with either 1) severe or 2) moderate PTSD symptom severity (D-PTSD classes). Those in the severe dissociative class were particularly likely to endorse histories of childhood physical and sexual abuse. A principal axis factor analysis of the symptom list identified six latent variables: 1) Reexperiencing, 2) Emotional Numbing/Anhedonia, 3) Dissociation, 4) Negative Alterations in Cognition & Mood, 5) Avoidance, and 6) Hyperarousal. Conclusions The present results further support the presence of a dissociative subtype within the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD.
Slow oscillating transcranial direct current stimulation during non-rapid eye movement sleep improves behavioral inhibition in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Background: Behavioral inhibition, which is a later-developing executive function (EF) and anatomically located in prefrontal areas, is impaired in attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While optimal EFs have been shown to depend on efficient sleep in healthy subjects, the impact of sleep problems, frequently reported in ADHD, remains elusive. Findings of macroscopic sleep changes in ADHD are inconsistent, but there is emerging evidence for distinct microscopic changes with a focus on prefrontal cortical regions and non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) slow-wave sleep. Recently, slow oscillations (SO) during non-REM sleep were found to be less functional and, as such, may be involved in sleep-dependent memory impairments in ADHD. Objective:By augmenting slow-wave power through bilateral, slow oscillating transcranial direct current stimulation (so-tDCS, frequency = 0.75 Hz) during non-REM sleep, we aimed to improve daytime behavioral inhibition in children with ADHD. Methods: Fourteen boys (10–14 years) diagnosed with ADHD were included. In a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design, patients received so-tDCS either in the first or in the second experimental sleep night. Inhibition control was assessed with a visuomotor go/no-go task. Intrinsic alertness was assessed with a simple stimulus response task. To control for visuomotor performance, motor memory was assessed with a finger sequence tapping task. Results: SO-power was enhanced during early non-REM sleep, accompanied by slowed reaction times and decreased standard deviations of reaction times, in the go/no-go task after so-tDCS. In contrast, intrinsic alertness, and motor memory performance were not improved by so-tDCS. Conclusion: Since behavioral inhibition but not intrinsic alertness or motor memory was improved by so-tDCS, our results suggest that lateral prefrontal slow oscillations during sleep might play a specific role for executive functioning in ADHD.
Bmc Medical Genomics the Role of the Small Intestine in the Development of Dietary Fat-induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in C57bl/6j Mice

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance are two major risk factors underlying the metabolic syndrome. The development of these metabolic disorders is frequently studied, but mainly in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. To gain more insight in the role of the small intestine in development of obesity and insulin resistance, dietary fat-induced differential gene expression was determined along the longitudinal axis of small intestines of C57BL/6J mice.
Comparing Age- and Grade-Based Norms on the Woodcock–Johnson III Normative Update

There has been a marked increase in accommodation requests from students with disabilities at both the postsecondary education level and on high-stakes examinations. As such, accurate identification and quantification of normative impairment is essential for equitable provision of accommodations. Considerable diversity currently exists in methods used to diagnose learning disabilities, including whether an impairment is normative or relative. This study investigated the impact on impairment classification if grade-based norms were used to interpret identical raw scores compared with age-based norms. Fourteen raw scores distributed equally across the adult range of the Woodcock–Johnson III Normative Update subtests were scored using norms for either age (18-29 years) or grade (13-17). The results indicate that raw scores receive a significantly lower standardized score (and thus percentile ranking) when grade-based norms are used. Furthermore, the difference between age- and grade-based scores increases dramatically as raw scores decrease, and there is a significant interaction between age and grade in the standard scores obtained. This study provides evidence to suggest that using different norms may result in different decisions about diagnoses and appropriate accommodations.
TCP over satellite hybrid networks : A Survey 1

Satellite is going to play an important role in the global information infrastructure. Satellite can provide direct to home Internet service (i.e. DirecPC from Hughes Network System) and it can also serve as traffic trunk in the middle of the network. About 98 percent of the Internet traffic is TCP traffic. TCP works well in the terrestrial fiber network. However, in the satellite hybrid networks, because of the long propagation delay, large bandwidth-delay product, high bit error rate and downstream/upstream bandwidth asymmetry, TCP performance degrades dramatically. This paper addresses the problems of TCP in satellite data networks and reviews the proposed solutions in the literature. For each solution, the advantages and disadvantages are pointed out. In addition, extensive simulations have been done for the proxy based scheme currently used in the industry to find out how and to what extent the enhancements, such as connection splitting, window scaling and selective acknowledgement, benefit the TCP throughput.
Closed Form Valuation of American Barrier Options

Closed form formulae for European barrier options are well known from the literature. This is not the case for American barrier options, for which no closed form formulae have been published. One has therefore had to resort to numerical methods. Lattice models like a binomial or a trinomial tree, for valuation of barrier options are known to converge extremely slowly, compared to plain vanilla options. Methods for improving the algorithms have been described by several authors. However, these are still numerical methods that are quite computer intensive. In this paper we show how some American barrier options can be valued analytically in a very simple way. This speeds up the valuation dramatically as well as give new insight into barrier option valuation.
Link-time path-sensitive memory redundancy elimination

Optimizations performed at link-time or directly applied to final program executables have received increased attention in recent years. We discuss the discovery and elimination of redundant memory operations in the context of a link-time optimizer, an optimization that we call memory redundancy elimination (MRE). Previous research showed that existing MRE techniques are mainly based on path-insensitive information, which causes many MRE opportunities to be lost. We present a new technique for eliminating redundant loads in a path-sensitive fashion, by using a novel alias analysis algorithm that is able to expose path-sensitive memory redundancies. We also extend our previous work by removing both redundant and dead stores. Our experiments show that around 75% of load and 10% of store references in a program can be considered redundant, because they are accessing memory locations that have been referenced less than 256 memory instructions away. By combining our previous optimizations for eliminating load redundancies with the new techniques developed, we show that around 18% of the loads and 8% of the stores can be detected and eliminated, which translates into a 10% reduction in execution time.
RSeQC: quality control of RNA-seq experiments

MOTIVATION RNA-seq has been extensively used for transcriptome study. Quality control (QC) is critical to ensure that RNA-seq data are of high quality and suitable for subsequent analyses. However, QC is a time-consuming and complex task, due to the massive size and versatile nature of RNA-seq data. Therefore, a convenient and comprehensive QC tool to assess RNA-seq quality is sorely needed. RESULTS We developed the RSeQC package to comprehensively evaluate different aspects of RNA-seq experiments, such as sequence quality, GC bias, polymerase chain reaction bias, nucleotide composition bias, sequencing depth, strand specificity, coverage uniformity and read distribution over the genome structure. RSeQC takes both SAM and BAM files as input, which can be produced by most RNA-seq mapping tools as well as BED files, which are widely used for gene models. Most modules in RSeQC take advantage of R scripts for visualization, and they are notably efficient in dealing with large BAM/SAM files containing hundreds of millions of alignments. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION RSeQC is written in Python and C. Source code and a comprehensive user's manual are freely available at: http://code.google. com/p/rseqc/.
Effects of written emotional disclosure on caregivers of children and adolescents with chronic illness.

OBJECTIVE Tested feasibility of a written emotional disclosure intervention with caregivers of youths with chronic illness and its effects on measures of mood, physical symptoms, health-related quality of life, distress, and caregiver appraisal of stress and efficacy. METHODS Measures were administered prior to and immediately after writing and 4 months later. Experimental group (n = 29) wrote about traumas and stressors while the control group (n = 25) wrote about summer activities for 20 minutes on three different days. RESULTS Consistent with hypotheses, the experimental group experienced less positive affect, F(1, 54) = 4.68, p <. 05, and more negative affect, F(1, 54) = 7.92, p <. 01, and physical symptoms, F(1, 54) = 4.30, p <. 05, immediately following writing than the control group. There were no significant Group x Time interactions on long-term mood, distress, health-related quality of life, or caregiver appraisal. Contrary to hypotheses, the control group had more vitality over time, F(1, 53) = 21.29, p <. 001, than the experimental group. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations include modifying the procedures to attain more control in applied settings and identifying specific processes that contribute to the efficacy of written emotional disclosure on well-being.
RURAL NON-AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AND POVERTY IN THE BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST

This paper combines two complementary data sets to present a disaggregated spatial profile of poverty in the Brazilian Northeast, and to investigate the importance of non-agricultural activities for its rural dwellers. We present both univariate and multivariate profiles of non-agricultural employment and discuss its determinants. While the main occupational difference between the rural poor and the rural non-poor in Brazil seems to be the greater reliance of the former on paid agricultural employment (vis-a-vis own cultivation), rather than access to non-agricultural activities, the evidence nevertheless suggests that diversification into this growing sector provides both an important complement to the budgets of the poor, and possibly a self-insurance mechanism against negative shocks. Despite the substantial heterogeneity of the sector, two general findings are robust: returns to education are comparatively high; and location in relation to urban areas is an important determinant of both employment and earnings in rural non-agricultural activities.