Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An empirical investigation of job burnout among expatriates

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to determine the level of workplace “job burnout” experienced by expatriate managers in Papua New Guinea (PNG). The study also examined the relationship between job burnout and intention to quit, and findings suggest that expatriates are affected by job burnout.Design/methodology/approach – The study has assessed three key job characteristics (role conflict, role ambiguity and role overload) and their association with three dimensions of job burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal commitment). Data were collected from 189 respondents who were stratified via industry, age, size of organization, education and nationality. LISREL VIII was employed to evaluate the fit of the measurement model, and to examine the relationship between “job burnout” and expatriates “intention to quit”. Findings – The results demonstrate that the three job characteristics are significantly associated with job burnout with role conflict being the main reason. Whi.
Human Radiation Dosimetry for the N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Radioligand 11C-CNS5161

11C-CNS5161 (N-(2-chloro-5-methylthiophenyl)-N′-(3-methylthiophenyl)-N′-11C-methylguanidine) has been successfully used in PET imaging of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. However, no human dosimetry data have been published. We are planning to use this radiotracer for investigating NMDA receptor function in systemic lupus erythematosus, traumatic brain injury, and Parkinson disease. We have therefore undertaken 11C-CNS5161 PET imaging to measure the whole-body distribution of this radionuclide and to estimate radiation dose to various organs. Methods: Dynamic PET studies of the whole body were performed on 5 healthy adults. Regions of interest were drawn over the visualized structures. Resultant time–activity curves were generated and used to determine residence times for dosimetry calculations. S factors were implemented within the OLINDA/EXM software for each structure or organ. Results: For 11C-CNS5161, organ doses ranged from 0.0002 to 0.0393 mGy/MBq (0.0006–0.1455 rad/mCi). The critical organ for radiation burden was the lungs, with a dose of 0.0393 mGy/MBq (0.1455 rad/mCi). Radiation doses to the reproductive and blood-forming organs were 0.0023, 0.0002, and 0.0020 mGy/MBq (0.0086, 0.0006, and 0.0074 rad/mCi) for the ovaries, testes, and red marrow, respectively. The effective dose equivalent was 0.0106 mSv/MBq (0.0392 rem/mCi). Conclusion: The radiation dosimetry for 11C-CNS5161 for a standard single injection of 555 MBq (15 mCi) will result in an effective dose equivalent of 5.9 mSv (0.59 rem) and a lung dose of 21.8 mGy (2.18 rad) in young, healthy subjects.
Dietary intake and body composition of female students in relation with their dieting practices and residential status.

PURPOSE To examine association of residential conditions and past dieting with current dietary intake and body composition of female pharmacy students. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS The 24-hour recall method was used to evaluate dietary intake of 47 female students. Height, weight and four skinfold thickness were measured to assess body composition. In addition, survey included lifestyle questionnaire to obtain information on type of residence place in time of academic year and about diets continued at least by two weeks. The Mann Whitney U-test and correlation analysis were used. RESULTS Current energy and nutrient intake were related to dieting history. Female students with dieting history and living with their parents had significantly lower (p < or = 0.05) intake of energy (61.9% RDI), carbohydrate (67.5% RDI), fat (58.7% RDI), phosphorus (111.7% RDI), magnesium (73.4% RDI) and thiamin (72.3% RDI) than those that have never dieted. A significant association (p < or = 0.05) between past dieting and current body composition was also found. Compared to students who had never used diets and reside with their parents, students with past dieting behavior indicated significantly greater (p < or = 0.05) indices as BMI and % FM. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of non-rationale dieting among young women and dietary inadequacy associated with unhealthy nutritional behavior suggested that more appropriate and systematic educational intervention is needed in this population.
Ring resonator-based on-chip PM-IM convertor for high-performance microwave photonic links

We propose and demonstrate a novel wideband photonic PM-IM convertor for performance improvement of phase-modulated microwave photonic links, which uses a simple architecture based on ring resonators. The full programmability of the proposed device allows arbitrary optical amplitude and phase manipulations required for broadband PM-IM conversion. Moreover, the device can be integrated with other functional building blocks in photonic integrated circuits to realize on-chip complex microwave photonic signal processors.
It Takes One to Know One; or, Whose Unconscious Is It Anyway?

This essay explores the sometimes uncanny quality of unconscious experience and unconscious communication that often characterizes life in psychoanalytic relationships. As Ferenczi noted some 70 years ago, the psychoanalytic relationship may “significantly promote the development of subtler manifestations of receptivity. ” Special qualities of unconscious receptivity and deep points of contact in the psychoanalytic relationship are explored, with reference to the history of psychoanalytic ideas (e.g., Freud, Ferenczi, Singer, Loewald, Symington) and to findings from other fields such as contemporary quantum science. Clinical vignettes are provided to illustrate such phenomena.
Dual-stage algorithm to identify channels with poor electrode-to-neuron interface in cochlear implant users

Users of cochlear implants rely on a number of electrodes to perceive acoustic information. The extent to which their hearing is restored depends on a number of factors including the electrode-to-neuron interface. We describe an approach to detect instances of poor-performing channels based on physiological data known as electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAPs). The proposed approach - termed Panoramic ECAP ("PECAP") - combines nonlinear optimization stages with different constraints to recover neural activation patterns for all electrodes. Data were obtained from nine cochlear implant subjects and used to run the PECAP tool to identify possible instances of poor-performing channels. Data from one subject revealed a shifted peak ("dead region").
MIREX 2011 Symbolic Melodic Similarity: Sequence Alignment with Geometric Representations

This short paper describes our three submissions to the MIREX 2011 Symbolic Melodic Similarity task. All three submissions rely on a geometric model that represents melodies as spline curves in the pitch-time plane. The similarity between two melodies is then computed with a sequence alignment algorithm between sequences of spline spans: the more similar the shape of the curves, the more similar the melodies they represent. As in MIREX 2010, our systems ranked first for all effectiveness measures used.
Compressive wireless sensing

Compressive sampling is an emerging theory that is based on the fact that a relatively small number of random projections of a signal can contain most of its salient information. In this paper, we introduce the concept of compressive wireless sensing for sensor networks in which a fusion center retrieves signal field information from an ensemble of spatially distributed sensor nodes. Energy and bandwidth are scarce resources in sensor networks and the relevant metrics of interest in our context are 1) the latency involved in information retrieval; and 2) the associated power-distortion trade-off. It is generally recognized that given sufficient prior knowledge about the sensed data (e.g., statistical characterization, homogeneity etc.), there exist schemes that have very favorable power-distortion-latency trade-offs. We propose a distributed matched source-channel communication scheme, based in part on recent results in compressive sampling theory, for estimation of sensed data at the fusion center and analyze, as a function of number of sensor nodes, the trade-offs between power, distortion and latency. Compressive wireless sensing is a universal scheme in the sense that it requires no prior knowledge about the sensed data. This universality, however, comes at the cost of optimality (in terms of a less favorable power-distortion-latency trade-off) and we quantify this cost relative to the case when sufficient prior information about the sensed data is assumed
Amyloid β‐induced astrogliosis is mediated by β1‐integrin via NADPH oxidase 2 in Alzheimer's disease

Astrogliosis is a hallmark of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and may constitute a primary pathogenic component of that disorder. Elucidation of signaling cascades inducing astrogliosis should help characterizing the function of astrocytes and identifying novel molecular targets to modulate AD progression. Here, we describe a novel mechanism by which soluble amyloid‐β modulates β1‐integrin activity and triggers NADPH oxidase (NOX)‐dependent astrogliosis in vitro and in vivo. Amyloid‐β oligomers activate a PI3K/classical PKC/Rac1/NOX pathway which is initiated by β1‐integrin in cultured astrocytes. This mechanism promotes β1‐integrin maturation, upregulation of NOX2 and of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes in vitro and in hippocampal astrocytes in vivo. Notably, immunochemical analysis of the hippocampi of a triple‐transgenic AD mouse model shows increased levels of GFAP, NOX2, and β1‐integrin in reactive astrocytes which correlates with the amyloid β‐oligomer load. Finally, analysis of these proteins in postmortem frontal cortex from different stages of AD (II to V/VI) and matched controls confirmed elevated expression of NOX2 and β1‐integrin in that cortical region and specifically in reactive astrocytes, which was most prominent at advanced AD stages. Importantly, protein levels of NOX2 and β1‐integrin were significantly associated with increased amyloid‐β load in human samples. These data strongly suggest that astrogliosis in AD is caused by direct interaction of amyloid β oligomers with β1‐integrin which in turn leads to enhancing β1‐integrin and NOX2 activity via NOX‐dependent mechanisms. These observations may be relevant to AD pathophysiology.
Tastants evoke a cAMP signal in taste buds that is independent of calcium signaling

We previously showed that rat taste buds express several adenylyl cyclases (ACs) of which, only AC8 is known to be stimulated by Ca 2+. Here, we demonstrate by direct measurements of cAMP levels, that AC activity in taste buds is stimulated by treatments that elevate intracellular Ca 2+. Specifically, 5 :M thapsigargin or 3 :M A23187 (calcium ionophore), both of which increase [Ca 2+ ] i , lead to a significant elevation of cAMP levels. This calcium-stimulation of AC activity requires extracellular Ca 2+ , suggesting that it is dependent on Ca 2+ entry, rather than release from stores. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we show that the calcium-stimulated AC8 is principally expressed in taste cells that also express PLC$2 (i.e. cells that elevate [Ca 2+ ] i in response to sweet, bitter or umami stimuli). Taste transduction for sucrose is known to result in an elevation of both cAMP and calcium in taste buds. Thus, we tested whether the cAMP increase in response to sucrose is a downstream consequence of calcium elevation. Even under conditions of depletion of stored and extracellular calcium, the cAMP response to sucrose stimulation persists in taste cells. The cAMP signal in response to MSG stimulation is similarly unperturbed by calcium depletion. Our results suggest that tastant-evoked cAMP signals are not simply a secondary consequence of calcium modulation. Instead, cAMP and released Ca 2+ may represent independent second messenger signals downstream of taste receptors.
Differences between Athletes and Non-Athletes in Risk and Health Behaviors in Graduating High School Seniors

Background: High school students involved in athletics may face additional stressors and engage in more problematic behaviors, such as drinking, dieting, and gambling, than non-athletes, especially as they near the end of their high school experience. Studies have, in general, found mixed results as to whether sports serve a protective factor or are a risk factor when it comes to a range of health behaviors. Method: This study evaluated 653 high school seniors who were admitted to a large, public, West Coast university, during the spring prior to college entrance, and compared 513 athletes to 140 non-athletes across a range of health behaviors. Results: Those involved in sports were found to drink more than those who were not and showed a trend for more gambling and dieting. Women athletes dieted significantly more than either male athletes or female non-athletes. Gender and ethnicity differences were found in health behaviors and were controlled for as covariates. Athletes were found to exercise more and spend less time playing video games and using the Internet. Conclusions: Athletic involvement is associated with increased incidence of some risky health behaviors while also being associated with decreased incidence of other problematic behaviors. Implications for understanding and designing prevention and intervention efforts are discussed.
Using Appreciative Inquiry During Care Transitions: An Exploratory Study

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a transitional care coaching intervention offered to chronically ill medical patients during the transition from hospital to home. This 2-arm randomized pilot study uses a coaching framework based on appreciative inquiry theory. This article reviews the appreciative inquiry literature and identifies the characteristics of patients who participated in appreciative inquiry coaching. Lessons learned are summarized, and suggestions for future research are offered.
INTEGRATED-APPROACH-BASED AUTOMATIC BUILDING EXTRACTION

This paper presents an approach to automatic building extraction from large-scale aerial images. It is based on the integration of multiple information, knowledge and appropriate methods, and hierarchically consists of three major parts: building detection, building segment extraction, 3D feature matching and building modelling. Buildings are detected by segmenting DSMs using grey-scale mathematical morphological operations, and by incorporating texture and shadow information for refinement and verification. The reconstruction process is focused on the detected building regions, and is accomplished by a bottom-up process: from primitive feature derivation, building segment extraction, segment matching, plane face constructing to 3D modelling. The approach uses a generic polyhedral model for extraction, so it can deal with buildings with different shapes and structures. Test results of the approach are presented in the paper.
Knowing, Managing and Learning

Observers of management education see a paradox, an expanding activity bombarded with profound complaints from all of the constituencies involved. But this only seems paradoxical to those with a unidimensional notion of managerial knowledge. Following the lead of philosophers such as William James and Polanyi, and experimental psychologists, we argue that managerial knowledge is of several distinct types. We set these out in a 2 X 2 matrix built from the individual-social and the explicit-taken-for-granted dichotomies. Each type of knowledge implies a different kind of managerial activity. The matrix also reveals characteristically different relationships between knowledge and action. Given this variety, we see that the complaints relate to the areas in which management education is weak, while the growth relates to areas in which it is strong. Vygotsky's 'activity theory' adds to our understanding of the dynamics of the managerial learning process and of the interaction between the different types of knowledge. In the final section we explore the implications of this dynamic epistemology for management educators.
Enhanced Security Key Management Scheme for MANETS

(MANET) Mobile Ad hoc Network is a collection of wireless infrastructure less network. The topology of the network changes continuously. Due to the dynamic structure of MANETs, they are prone to various types of attacks. The traditional security solutions for MANETs are inadequate, hence security should be maintained at all the levels. To enhance security various schemes have been proposed. In this article the security is provided by two schemes namely the elliptic curve cryptography and the digital signature algorithm. Various points are generated from the elliptic curve of prime field and a point is chosen at random as a secret key. The public key generation centre forms the secured channel for transmitting the secret key to all the users in the MANET. Now the secret key to be shared is encrypted using the RSA algorithm. The keys before sending and receiving must be signed by the sender and verified by the receiver thereby authenticating each other. The encrypted secret key is concatenated along with the signature pair key and is sent through the secured channel. Thus the security is enhanced at various levels which prevent strong malicious attacks. Key-Words: HADS (Hash Asymmetric Digital Signature), ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography), DSA (Digital Signature Algorithm), BHA (black hole Attack).
Mutations in eIF5B Confer Thermosensitive and Pleiotropic Phenotypes via Translation Defects in Arabidopsis thaliana[OPEN]

Mutants in the translation initiation factor eIF5B reveal the importance of translation for recovery from heat stress and a possible role for this conserved factor in mRNA-specific translation. The conserved eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B, eIF5B, is a GTPase that acts late in translation initiation. We found that an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant sensitive to hot temperatures 3 (hot3-1), which behaves as the wild type in the absence of stress but is unable to acclimate to high temperature, carries a missense mutation in the eIF5B1 gene (At1g76810), producing a temperature sensitive protein. A more severe, T-DNA insertion allele (hot3-2) causes pleiotropic developmental phenotypes. Surprisingly, Arabidopsis has three other eIF5B genes that do not substitute for eIF5B1; two of these appear to be in the process of pseudogenization. Polysome profiling and RNA-seq analysis of hot3-1 plants show delayed recovery of polysomes after heat stress and reduced translational efficiency (TE) of a subset of stress protective proteins, demonstrating the critical role of translational control early in heat acclimation. Plants carrying the severe hot3-2 allele show decreased TE of auxin-regulated, ribosome-related, and electron transport genes, even under optimal growth conditions. The hot3-2 data suggest that disrupting specific eIF5B interactions on the ribosome can, directly or indirectly, differentially affect translation. Thus, modulating eIF5B interactions could be another mechanism of gene-specific translational control.
SMART: recent updates, new developments and status in 2015

SMART (Simple Modular Architecture Research Tool) is a web resource (http://smart.embl.de/) providing simple identification and extensive annotation of protein domains and the exploration of protein domain architectures. In the current version, SMART contains manually curated models for more than 1200 protein domains, with ∼200 new models since our last update article. The underlying protein databases were synchronized with UniProt, Ensembl and STRING, bringing the total number of annotated domains and other protein features above 100 million. SMART's ‘Genomic’ mode, which annotates proteins from completely sequenced genomes was greatly expanded and now includes 2031 species, compared to 1133 in the previous release. SMART analysis results pages have been completely redesigned and include links to several new information sources. A new, vector-based display engine has been developed for protein schematics in SMART, which can also be exported as high-resolution bitmap images for easy inclusion into other documents. Taxonomic tree displays in SMART have been significantly improved, and can be easily navigated using the integrated search engine.
RB and p53 cooperate to prevent liver tumorigenesis in response to tissue damage.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The tumor suppressors retinoblastoma (RB) and p53 are important regulators of the cell cycle. Although human cancer cells inactivate RB and p53 by many mechanisms, the cooperative roles of these proteins in tumorigenesis are complex and tissue specific. We analyzed the cooperation of RB and p53 in liver development and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Spontaneous and carcinogen-induced (diethylnitrosamine) tumorigenesis were studied in mice with liver-specific deletions of Rb and/or p53 (Rbf/f;albcre+, p53f/f;albcre+ and Rbf/f; p53f/f;albcre+ mice). Genotype, histologic, immunohistochemical, microarray, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and comparative genomic hybridization analyses were performed using normal and tumor samples. Comparative microarray analyses were performed against publicly available human microarray data sets. RESULTS Deletion of RB and p53 from livers of mice deregulated the transcriptional programs associated with human disease. These changes were not sufficient for spontaneous tumorigenesis; potent quiescence mechanisms compensated for loss of these tumor suppressors. In response to hepatocarcinogen-induced damage, distinct and cooperative roles of RB and p53 were revealed; their loss affected cell cycle control, checkpoint response, and genome stability. In damaged tissue, combined loss of RB and p53 resulted in early lesion formation, aggressive tumor progression, and gene expression signatures and histologic characteristics of advanced human hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The effects RB and p53 loss are determined by the tissue environment; cell stresses that promote aggressive disease reveal the functions of these tumor suppressors.
Oxidative stress during courtship affects male and female reproductive effort differentially in a wild bird with biparental care

ABSTRACT Oxidative stress has been suggested as one of the physiological mechanisms modulating reproductive effort, including investment in mate choice. Here, we evaluated whether oxidative stress influences breeding decisions by acting as a cost of or constraint on reproduction in the brown booby (Sula leucogaster), a long-lived seabird with prolonged biparental care. We found that during courtship, levels of lipid peroxidation (LP) of males and females were positively associated with gular skin color, a trait presumably used in mate choice, while levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were higher as laying approached and in early breeding pairs. Evidence of a constraining effect of oxidative stress for females was suggested by the fact that females with higher ROS during courtship laid smaller first eggs and had chicks with lower rates of body mass gain, and higher female LP was associated with lower offspring attendance time. No evidence of an oxidative cost of parental effort was found; from courtship to parental care, levels of ROS in males and females decreased, and changes in LP levels were non-significant. Finally, using a cross-fostering experiment we found that offspring ROS was unrelated to rearing and genetic parents' ROS. Interestingly, offspring LP was positively associated with the LP during courtship of both the rearing parents and the genetic father, suggesting that offspring LP might have both a genetic and an environmental component. Hence, in the brown booby, oxidative stress may be a cost of investment in reproductive traits before egg laying and constrain females' investment in eggs and parental care. Summary: In the brown booby, oxidative stress may arise as a cost of pre-laying reproductive investment in both sexes and constrain investment in eggs and offspring by females.