Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing Error Awareness as a Mediator of the Relationship between Subjective Concerns and Cognitive Performance in Older Adults

Objectives Subjective concerns of cognitive decline (SCD) often manifest in older adults who exhibit objectively normal cognitive functioning. This subjective-objective discrepancy is counter-intuitive when mounting evidence suggests that subjective concerns relate to future clinical progression to Alzheimer’s disease, and so possess the potential to be a sensitive early behavioural marker of disease. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether individual variability in conscious awareness of errors in daily life might mediate this subjective-objective relationship. Methods 67 cognitively-normal older adults underwent cognitive, SCD and mood tests, and an error awareness task. Results Poorer error awareness was not found to mediate a relationship between SCD and objective performance. Furthermore, non-clinical levels of depressive symptomatology were a primary driving factor of SCD and error awareness, and significantly mediated a relationship between the two. Discussion We were unable to show that poorer error awareness mediates SCD and cognitive performance in older adults. Our study does suggest, however, that underlying depressive symptoms influence both poorer error awareness and greater SCD severity. Error awareness is thus not recommended as a proxy for SCD, as reduced levels of error awareness do not seem to be reflected by greater SCD.
In Vitro Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates to an Oral Carbapenem Alone or in Combination with β-Lactamase Inhibitors

ABSTRACT We evaluated the antituberculosis (anti-TB) activity of five β-lactams alone or in combination with β-lactamase inhibitors against 41 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains. Of those, tebipenem, an oral carbapenem, showed the most potent anti-TB activity against clinical isolates, with a MIC range of 0.125 to 8 μg/ml, which is achievable in the human blood. More importantly, in the presence of clavulanate, MIC values of tebipenem declined to 2 μg/ml or less.
Evaluation and application of denaturing HPLC for mutation detection in Marfan syndrome: Identification of 20 novel mutations and two novel polymorphisms in the FBN1 gene

Mutations in the human fibrillin 1 gene (FBN1) cause the Marfan syndrome (MFS), an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder. Knowledge about FBN1 mutations is important for early diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling. However, mutation detection in FBN1 is a challenge because the gene is very large in size (∼200 kb) and the ∼350 mutations detected so far are scattered over 65 exons. Conventional methods for large‐scale detection of mutations are expensive, technically demanding, or time consuming. Recently, a high‐capacity low‐cost mutation detection method was introduced based on denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). To assess the sensitivity and specificity of this method, we blindly screened 64 DNA samples of known FBN1 genotype exon‐by‐exon using exon‐specific DHPLC conditions. Analysis of 682 PCR amplicons correctly identified 62 out of 64 known sequence variants. In three MFS patients of unknown FBN1 genotype, we detected two mutations and eight polymorphisms. Overall, 20 mutations and two polymorphisms are described here for the first time. Our results demonstrate 1) that DHPLC is a highly sensitive (89–99%, P = 0.05) method for FBN1 mutation detection; but 2) that chromatograms with moderate and weak pattern abnormalities also show false positive signals (in all 45–59%, P = 0.05); 3) that the difference in the chromatograms of heterozygous and homozygous amplicons is mostly independent of the type of sequence change; and 4) that DHPLC column conditions, additional base changes, and the amounts of injected PCR products influence significantly the shape of chromatograms. A strategy for FBN1 mutation screening is discussed. Hum Mutat 19:443–456, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time difference of arrival estimation of unequal SNR denoised communication signals

Improvements in denoising, in conjunction with wavelet processing, are proposed for estimating the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of signals received at two spatially separated sensors. Wavelet denoising, based on the modified maximum likelihood method and higher order moments, are proposed to improve the performance. A numerical evaluation of the methods, when unequal SNR conditions prevail is presented.
The evolution of knowledge in communities of practice

Organizations and groups rely on the effective capture and sharing of knowledge for their survival. They spend a significant amount of effort and time to codify and manage the body of knowledge that their constituents collectively possess. Despite these efforts, tacit knowledge tends to solely reside within those who use it for their day to day work. It is widely believed that tacit knowledge disappears when the individual possessing it leaves an organization or group. More and more organizations are fostering communities of practice as a mechanism to influence knowledge creation and dissemination. Hence, it becomes imperative for us to understand how best to capture the knowledge that now resides within these communities, which could extend across multiple organizations. In this research article, we establish that the knowledge contained within communities of practice evolves over a period of time. We examine the evolution of this knowledge, and its impact on the community as well as the invidividuals concerned.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMALASAN SOSIAL DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK

Seseorang yang mempunyai kecenderungan untuk menunda, atau tidak segera memulai suatu kerja disebut sebagai seseorang yang melakukan prokrastinasi, tidak peduli apakah penundaan tersebut mempunyai alasan atau tidak. Prokrastinsi akademis adalah penundaan yang khusus terjadi di dalam konteks tugas-tugas akademis. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi prokrastinasi adalah rendahnya kemampuan sosial dimana seseorang yang memiliki kecenderungan pemalasan sosial kurang mampu untuk menunjukkan kemampuan yang sebenarnya dimiliki. Selain itu, munculnya kecemasan dalam berhubungan sosial akan menumbulkan kekhawatiran yang mengakibatkan seseorang tidak mau terlibat banyak dalam suatu kelompok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pemalasan sosial dengan prokrastinasi akademik. Hipotesis yang penulis ajukan adalah ada hubungan antara pemalasan sosial dengan prokrastinasi akademik artinya semakin tinggi pemalasan sosial maka semakin tinggi pula tingkat prokrastinasi akademik. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta yang tersebar ke dalam 11 fakultas dengan jumlah 110 subjek. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah skala pemalasan sosial dan skala prokrastinasi akademik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi tata jenjang Rho Spearman dengan menggunakan bantuan SPS versi 2005-BL untuk mengukur hubungan antara pemalasan sosial dengan prokrastinasi akademik. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0.136 dengan p= 0.152 yang berarti >0,05. Dengan kata lain bila dipergunakan p <0,05 dapat dikatakan tidak ada hubungan, sehingga pemalasan sosial tidak dapat dijadikan prediktor bagi prokrastinasi akademik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kategorisasi diketahui variabel pemalasan sosial mempunyai (RE) 92,94 sedangkan untuk (RH) 115. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa rerata empirik lebih rendah atau lebih kecil dari rerata hipotetik, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemalasan sosial mahasiswa UMS tergolong rendah. Sementara pada prokrastinasi akademik mempunyai rerata empirik (RE) 156,14 sedangkan untuk rerata hipotetik (RH) sebesar 112,5. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa rerata empirik lebih tinggi atau lebih besar dari rerata hipotetik, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa UMS tergolong sangat tinggi. Dengan kata lain meskipun dalam mengerjakan tugas kelompok tidak terjadi pemalasan sosial, tetapi disini mahasiswa lebih cenderung untuk menunda-nunda mengerjakan tugas kuliah.
Evaluating context-sensitive slicing and chopping

We present an empirical evaluation of three context-sensitive slicing algorithms and five context-sensitive chopping algorithms, and compare them to context-insensitive methods. Besides the algorithms by Reps et al. (1994, 1995) and Agrawal (2001) we investigate six new algorithms based on variations of k-limited call strings and approximative chopping based on summary information. It turns out that chopping based on summary information may have a prohibitive complexity, and that approximate algorithms are almost as precise and much faster.
Secure Multicast using Proxy Re-Encryption in an IoT Environment

Recently interest in Internet of Things(IoT) has attracted significant attention at national level. IoT can create new services as a technology to exchange data through connections among a huge number of objects around the user. Data communication between objects provides not only information collected in the surrounding environment but also various personalized information. IoT services which provide these various types of data are exposed to numerous security vulnerabilities. If data is maliciously collected and used by an attacker in an IoT environment that deals with various data, security threats are greater than those in existing network environments. Therefore, security of all data exchanged in the IoT environment is essential. However, lightweight terminal devices used in the IoT environment are not suitable for applying the existing encryption algorithm. In addition, IoT networks consisting of many sensors require group communication. Therefore, this paper proposes a secure multicast scheme using the proxy re-encryption method based on Vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANET) environment. The proposed method is suitable for a large-scale dynamic IoT network environment using unreliable servers.
Dense subgraph computation via stochastic search: application to detect transcriptional modules

MOTIVATION In a tri-partite biological network of transcription factors, their putative target genes, and the tissues in which the target genes are differentially expressed, a tightly inter-connected (dense) subgraph may reveal knowledge about tissue specific transcription regulation mediated by a specific set of transcription factors-a tissue-specific transcriptional module. This is just one context in which an efficient computation of dense subgraphs in a multi-partite graph is needed. RESULT Here we report a generic stochastic search based method to compute dense subgraphs in a graph with an arbitrary number of partitions and an arbitrary connectivity among the partitions. We then use the tool to explore tissue-specific transcriptional regulation in the human genome. We validate our findings in Skeletal muscle based on literature. We could accurately deduce biological processes for transcription factors via the tri-partite clusters of transcription factors, genes, and the functional annotation of genes. Additionally, we propose a few previously unknown TF-pathway associations and tissue-specific roles for certain pathways. Finally, our combined analysis of Cardiac, Skeletal, and Smooth muscle data recapitulates the evolutionary relationship among the three tissues.
A New Parallel VLSI Architecture in Real Time by using Microcontroller

: In this paper, we proposed a new architecture of multiplier-and-accumulator (MAC) for high-speed arithmetic. By combining multiplication with accumulation and devising a hybrid type of carry save adder (CSA), the performance was improved. Since the accumulator that has the largest delay in MAC was merged into CSA, the overall performance was elevated. The proposed CSA tree uses 1’s -complement-based radix-2 modified Booth’s algorithm (MBA) and has the modified array for the sign extension in order to increase the bit density of the operands. The CSA propagates the carries to the least significant bits of the partial products and generates the least significant bits in advance to decrease the number of the input bits of the final adder. Also, the proposed MAC accumulates the intermediate results in the type of sum and carry bits instead of the output of the final adder, which made it possible to optimize the pipeline scheme to improve the performance. The proposed architecture was synthesized with 250, 180 and 130 m, and 90 nm standard CMOS library. Based on the theoretical and experimental estimation, we analyzed the results such as the amount of hardware resources, delay, and pipelining scheme. We used Sakurai’s alpha power law for the delay modeling. The proposed MAC showed the superior properties to the standard design in many ways and performance twice as much as the previous research in the similar clock frequency. We expect that the proposed MAC can be adapted to various fields requiring high performance such as the signal processing areas.
1705-km transmission over coupled-core fibre supporting 6 spatial modes

We present experimental transmission results for a novel 6-core coupled-core fibre with 125 μm cladding diameter. We transmit combined 2-polarization, 6-SDM and 30-WDM channels over a distance of 1705 km, with a spectral-efficiency-distance product of 30690 bit/s/Hz km.
Query clustering using user logs

Query clustering is a process used to discover frequently asked questions or most popular topics on a search engine. This process is crucial for search engines based on question-answering. Because of the short lengths of queries, approaches based on keywords are not suitable for query clustering. This paper describes a new query clustering method that makes use of user logs which allow us to identify the documents the users have selected for a query. The similarity between two queries may be deduced from the common documents the users selected for them. Our experiments show that a combination of both keywords and user logs is better than using either method alone.
Using "Think-Time" and "Wait-Time" Skillfully in the Classroom

The concept of "wait-time" as an instructional variable was invented by Mary Budd Rowe (1972). The "wait-time" periods she found--periods of silence that followed teacher questions and students' completed responses--rarely lasted more than 1.5 seconds in typical classrooms. She discovered, however, that when these periods of silence lasted at least 3 seconds, many positive things happened to students' and teachers' behaviors and attitudes. To attain these benefits, teachers were urged to "wait" in silence for 3 or more seconds after their questions, and after students completed their responses (Casteel and Stahl, 1973; Rowe 1972; Stahl 1990; Tobin 1987).
Constituent imagination : militant investigations, collective theorization

From the ivory tower to the barricades! Radical intellectuals explore the relationship between research and resistance. What is the relationship of radical theory to movements for social change? In a world where more and more global struggles are refusing vanguard parties and authoritarian practices, does the idea of the detached intellectual, observing events from on high, make sense anymore? In this powerful and unabashedly militant collection, over two dozen academic authors and engaged intellectuals—including Antonio Negri and Colectivo Situaciones—provide some challenging answers. In the process, they redefine the nature of intellectual practice itself. The twenty essays cover a broad range: embedded intellectuals in increasingly corporatized universities, research projects in which factory workers and academics work side by side, revolutionary ethnographies of the Global Justice Movement, meditations on technology from the branches of a Scottish tree-sit. What links them all is a collective and expansive re-imagining of engaged intellectual work in the service of social change. In a cultural climate in where right-wing watchdog groups seem to have radical academics on the run, this unapologetic anthology is a breath of fresh air.
Some Implications of Maternal Employment for the Mother and the Family

The current paper explores the relation of mothers' employment status to a variety of factors relevant to the home environment, particularly those that may directly affect the emotional and cognitive development of children in these families. The results are based on secondary analyses of data from two independent studies--one of parents of preschool children, the other of families of elementary school children. Because issues pertaining to mothers' employment status were incidental to the main thrust of these studies, this report cannot do justice to more complex models of the linkages between work and family contexts. Most notably, our data sets do not include many of the factors hypothesized to moderate the interface between work and family situ- ations. Rather, it is hoped that these secondary analyses can contribute added information concerning the global relationship of maternal employment to some parent and family characteristics critical to children's healthy emotional development, while at the same time underlining some of the special needs of mothers who work outside the home.
An FPGA architecture for solving the Table Maker's Dilemma

Solving the Table Maker's Dilemma, for a given function and a given target floating-point format, requires testing the value of the function, with high precision, at a very large number of consecutive values. We give an algorithm that allows for performing such computations on a very regular architecture, and present an FPGA implementation of that algorithm.
Diabetes, a New Mutafton in the Mouse

Diabetes (db), which occurred in an inbred strain of mouse, is inherited as a unit autosomal recessive and is characterized by a metabolic disturbance resembling diabetes mellitus in man. Abnormal deposition of fat at 3 to 4 weeks of age is followed shortly by hyperglycemia, polyuria, and glycosuria. Accompanying morphological changes in the islets of Langerhans suggest neogenesis to compensate for insulin depletion.
Substrate integrated nonradiative dielectric waveguide

A new substrate integrated circuits (SICs) fabrication technique is proposed for realizing nonradiative dielectric (NRD) waveguide circuits. This new technique called substrate integrated NRD (SINRD) guide allows the NRD guide be integrated within a dielectric substrate by drilling a pattern of air holes. Dispersion analysis and design considerations of the new structure are discussed. A hybrid integrated scheme of planar and SINRD circuits is demonstrated for the first time with simulation and measurement results.
ROBUST CHANGE DETECTION BY INTEGRATING OBJECT-SPECIFIC FEATURES

Urban change detection of high resolution images is very difficult due to the complex nature of the urban environments. A robust approach is proposed in this paper for urban change detection of high resolution images, which is based on the integration of objectspecific features. To model the contextual information and improve the interclass variability between different classes, homogeneous regions are first extracted. Based on the robust object-specific difference measure, the complex changes of urban scene are represented by the fusion of object-specific spectral and textural features. Experimental results obtained on QuickBird images confirm the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed approach. * Corresponding author.
Deterministic conditions for subspace identifiability from incomplete sampling

Consider an r-dimensional subspace of ℝd, r <; d, and suppose that we are only given projections of this subspace onto small subsets of the canonical coordinates. The paper establishes necessary and sufficient deterministic conditions on the subsets for subspace identifiability. The results also shed new light on low-rank matrix completion.
Bradshaw model of human anxiety The inhibition of the pupillary light reflex by the threat of an electric shock : a potential laboratory

279 The inhibition of the pupillary light reflex by the threat of an electric shock: a potential laboratory model of human anxiety It has been shown that the eye-blink response evoked by an abrupt loud white noise ('acoustic startle') is potentiated when the subjects anticipate an aversive stimulus, e.g. an electric shock ('fear-potentiated startle'). It has been proposed that this paradigm may be a useful laboratory model of human anxiety. We examined whether the threat of an electric shock, as used in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm, would affect the pupillary light reflex, in 12 healthy volunteers. Light stimuli (0.32 mW/cm 2 , 200 msec) were generated by a light-emitting diode, and pupil diameter was monitored by computerized binocular infrared television pupillometry in the dark. The light reflex was recorded during either the anticipation of a shock ('threat' blocks) or periods in which no shocks were anticipated ('safe' blocks). The shock consisted of a single square wave current pulse (1.5 mA, 50 msec) applied to the median nerve. At the end of each 'threat' or 'safe' block, subjects rated their anxiety using visual analogue scales. Two-factor analysis of variance (condition x block) showed that in the 'threat' condition there was a consistent increase in initial pupil diameter, a decrease in light reflex amplitude and an increase in alertness and anxiety ratings. These effects were observable before the subjects received any shock (a single stimulation of the median nerve). These results show that the anticipation of an electric shock can modify not only the startle reflex response but also the pupillary light reflex, suggesting that the inhibition of the light reflex by threat may be another suitable laboratory model of human anxiety.
On the vulnerability of speaker verification to realistic voice spoofing

Automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are subject to various kinds of malicious attacks. Replay, voice conversion and speech synthesis attacks drastically degrade the performance of a standard ASV system by increasing its false acceptance rates. This issue raised a high level of interest in the speech research community where the possible voice spoofing attacks and their related countermeasures have been investigated. However, much less effort has been devoted in creating realistic and diverse spoofing attack databases that foster researchers to correctly evaluate their countermeasures against attacks. The existing studies are not complete in terms of types of attacks, and often difficult to reproduce because of unavailability of public databases. In this paper we introduce the voice spoofing data-set of AVspoof, a public audio-visual spoofing database. AVspoof includes ten realistic spoofing threats generated using replay, speech synthesis and voice conversion. In addition, we provide a set of experimental results that show the effect of such attacks on current state-of-the-art ASV systems.