Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The general transcription factor RAP30 binds to RNA polymerase II and prevents it from binding nonspecifically to DNA

RAP30/74 is a human general transcription factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and is required for initiation of transcription in vitro regardless of whether the promoter has a recognizable TATA box (Z. F. Burton, M. Killeen, M. Sopta, L. G. Ortolan, and J. F. Greenblatt, Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:1602-1613, 1988). Part of the amino acid sequence of RAP30, the small subunit of RAP30/74, has limited homology with part of Escherichia coli sigma 70 (M. Sopta, Z. F. Burton, and J. Greenblatt, Nature (London) 341:410-414, 1989). To determine which sigmalike activities of RAP30/74 could be attributed to RAP30, we purified human RAP30 and a RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein that had been produced in E. coli. Bacterially produced RAP30 bound to RNA polymerase II in the absence of RAP74. Both partially purified natural RAP30/74 and recombinant RAP30 prevented RNA polymerase II from binding nonspecifically to DNA. In addition, nonspecific transcription by RNA polymerase II was greatly inhibited by RAP30-glutathione-S-transferase. DNA-bound RNA polymerase II could be removed from DNA by partially purified RAP30/74 but not by bacterially expressed RAP30. Thus, the ability of RAP30/74 to recruit RNA polymerase II to a promoter-bound preinitiation complex may be an indirect consequence of its ability to suppress nonspecific binding of RNA polymerase II to DNA.
The Effects of Protease Inhibitors on Metabolic Complications and Lipodystrophy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients

Problem statement: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)-associated metabolic complications include lipoatrophy (loss of Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (SAT) and insulin resistance. The risk of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) especially protease inhibitors has not been well defined. Approach: We conducted an analysis in the Hospital of Rajeev Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Adilabad district of Andhra Pradesh to determine the prevalence and incidence of DM in the cohort of HIV-infected and HIV seronegative men. Prevalence analysis included 1278 men (710 HIV seronegative and 568 HIV infected, 411 receiving protease inhibitors) with fasting glucose concentration determinations at baseline. Results: Fifty-seven (14%) of the 411 HIV-infected men using protease inhibitors at the baseline visit had prevalent DM compared with 33 (5%) of the 711 HIV-seronegative men (prevalence ratio = 4.6; adjusted for age and body mass index). The rate of incident DM was 4.7 cases per 100 person-years among HIV-infected men using protease inhibitors compared with 1.4 cases per 100 person-years among HIV seronegative men (rate ratio = 4.11; adjusted for age and body mass index), during the 4 year observation period, based on a median follow-up of 2.3 years. Conclusion: The incidence of DM in HIV-infected men with exposure of protease inhibitors was greater than 4 times that of HIV-seronegative men, representing a risk that is higher than previous estimates.
Electronic Medical Records : What If We Build It and They Don ’ t Come ?

For over a decade, people have been looking at and thinking about the role of the electronic medical record (EMR) in healthcare. Historically, other industries have proven that information technology (IT) can improve productivity and contribute to a safer environment. Today, widespread adoption of the EMR is at the forefront of President Obama’s healthcare reform strategies as evidenced by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) of 2009, signed into law in February 2009. This economic stimulus package provides $17 billion in incentive payments for physicians and hospitals that adopt EMR systems. As expected these incentives come with a timeline and are not without conditions, with penalties levied on health providers who have not yet installed EMR systems beginning in 2015.
Identification of two nuclear subclasses of the adenovirus type 5-encoded DNA-binding protein

The synthesis, accumulation, and subcellular distribution of the adenovirus serotype 5 DNA-binding protein (DBP) has been examined during the infectious cycle in HeLa cells. With the onset of viral DNA replication and entry into the late phase, two nuclear subclasses of DBP are distinguishable by immunofluorescence microscopy and can be separately isolated by in situ cell fractionation. The first subclass, represented by diffuse-staining DBP, is released by the addition of 1% Nonidet P-40-150 mM NaCl. The second subclass of DBP, which is sequestered into intranuclear globular structures, requires a high ionic strength (2 M NaCl) for extraction and appears to be associated with centers of active viral DNA replication. This association is based on the observations that: DBP within the globules and viral DNA, as detected by in situ hybridization, form identical structures that colocalize within the nuclei of infected cells, the formation of DBP globular structures requires the onset and continuation of viral DNA replication, and once formed, the globular structures can be perturbed by modulating viral DNA synthesis.
A Structural Equation Model for Consumersâ€™ Mobile-based Information Search: A Case of Outbound Chinese Tourists

This research responds to the call for more studies to validate a comprehensive model incorporating mobile Internet and other information channels to investigate their effects within the search process. Using 104 Chinese outbound tourists as the sample, this study investigates how they utilize multiple sources for trip planning. The research findings indicate that mobile-based search actions have been undertaken step by step: internal search → mobile search → preliminary collaborative TIS → saving information → summarizing information. Two search patterns were identified by using other information sources: 1. mobile Internet → advanced collaborative TIS → editorial communications; 2. mobile Internet → PC Internet → editorial communications. In spite of the study’s limitations in relation to generalizing the results, this study presents new avenues for further research.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Pathway Analysis Identifies Amphiregulin as a Key Factor for Cisplatin Resistance of Human Breast Cancer Cells*

The use of platinum complexes for the therapy of breast cancer is an emerging new treatment modality. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance in breast cancer, we used estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7 cells as a model system. We generated cisplatin-resistant MCF-7 cells and determined the functional status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), MAPK, and AKT signaling pathways by phosphoreceptor tyrosine kinase and phospho-MAPK arrays. The cisplatin-resistant MCF-7 cells are characterized by increased EGFR phosphorylation, high levels of AKT1 kinase activity, and ERK1 phosphorylation. In contrast, the JNK and p38 MAPK modules of the MAPK signaling pathway were inactive. These conditions were associated with inactivation of the p53 pathway and increased BCL-2 expression. We investigated the expression of genes encoding the ligands for the ERBB signaling cascade and found a selective up-regulation of amphiregulin expression, which occurred at later stages of cisplatin resistance development. Amphiregulin is a specific ligand of the EGFR (ERBB1) and a potent mitogen for epithelial cells. After exposure to cisplatin, the resistant MCF-7 cells secreted amphiregulin protein over extended periods of time, and knockdown of amphiregulin expression by specific short interfering RNA resulted in a nearly complete reversion of the resistant phenotype. To demonstrate the generality and importance of our findings, we examined amphiregulin expression and cisplatin resistance in a variety of human breast cancer cell lines and found a highly significant correlation. In contrast, amphiregulin levels did not significantly correlate with cisplatin resistance in a panel of lung cancer cell lines. We have thus identified a novel function of amphiregulin for cisplatin resistance in human breast cancer cells.
Bifidobacteria exert strain‐specific effects on stress‐related behavior and physiology in BALB/c mice

Accumulating evidence suggests that commensal bacteria consumption has the potential to have a positive impact on stress‐related psychiatric disorders. However, the specific bacteria influencing behaviors related to anxiety and depression remain unclear. To this end, we compared the effects of two different Bifidobacteria on anxiety and depression‐like behavior; an antidepressant was also used as a comparator.
TOURQUAL: Proposal of a Protocol For Quality Evaluation on Services at Tourist Attractions

Tourism has been an important economic activity worldwide in recent years, and the increasing number of tourists and the competition among destinations pressure for the highest quality possible for tourists. The objective of this research is to propose a model to analyze the quality of services at tourist attractions. The first stage consisted of two bibliometric researches being performed, in order to identify the ‘state of art’ and verify the existing models of quality evaluation. Identified 36 models and 211 indicators of quality. From this initial exploratory research, a preliminary theoretical model was designed which worked with 35 indicators. The second stage collected and analyzed comments left by tourists on TripAdvisor.com. Analyzed 68.301 comments about tourist attractions in eight Brazilian cities, using the software T-LAB and compared with the indicators in the preliminary theoretic model. After of 35 indicators, 23 were maintained, 12 were excluded, and three new theoretic indicators were created, which made it possible to build a model able to be empirically tested. The test was carried out with 476 tourists who evaluated tourist attractions in Florianopolis-Brazil. In the confidence and questionnaire validation test the Alpha Conbranch presented an excellent result of 0.904 confirming the proposed model.
Clinico‐genetic aspects of a pediatric non‐neurofibromatosis type 1 malignant triton tumor with loss of chromosome X

Malignant triton tumor (MTT) is an aggressive peripheral nerve sheath tumor with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. Less than 100 cases have been described, being mostly male children with type 1 neurofibromatosis. We report a 6‐year‐old female with MTT and no diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis type 1. Cytogenetic analysis showed a 46,X,‐X[4]/46,XX[16] karyotype. She underwent a transfemoral amputation and chemotherapy and is free of disease 15 months after diagnosis. The few cytogenetic studies of MTT described in the literature have been inconclusive. Further cytogenetic analyses are needed to understand the role of chromosome X monosomy in the pathogenesis of this rare tumor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 1320–1323. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The expanding view of protein–protein interactions: complexes involving intrinsically disordered proteins

A frequently neglected aspect of protein–protein interactions is flexibility. Small-scale fluctuations are present even in globular proteins, and alternative conformations can have a significant influence on the binding process. However, flexibility becomes highly prominent in complexes involving intrinsically disordered proteins. The importance of disordered regions in protein interactions has been recognized only relatively recently. In this survey we examine the basic properties of the complexes of disordered and ordered proteins from three different directions. The comparison of the interface properties shows that although disordered proteins can also adopt well-defined conformations in their bound form, their inherently dynamic nature is cast into their complexes. Furthermore, an overview of prediction methods indicates that disordered proteins as well as their binding regions can be recognized from the amino acid sequence by capturing the basic biophysical properties of these segments. Finally, we propose the generalization of the ‘energy landscape model’ for the description of complex formation that can help to put the various types of protein associations on a common ground.
Hybrid decision feedback equalization

By modeling the effects of slicer errors, we derive an algorithm for determining hybrid DFE coefficients which account for the increase in interference from error propagation. The coefficients of the hybrid DFE can be determined adaptively through the LMS algorithm by including an SINR dependent "leakage" factor in the feedback filter update equation. The hybrid DFE coefficients reduce to those of a linear equalizer (LE) at low SNR and a DFE at high SNR, while achieving an optimal compromise between these extremes. In the SNR region of greatest interest for systems with high spectral efficiency, simulation results show that the hybrid DFE offers significant gains compared to a regular DFE or an LE of comparable complexity.
An explicit version of Faltings' Product Theorem and an improvement of Roth's lemma

Introduction. In his paper Diophantine approximation on abelian varieties [1], Faltings proved, among other things, the following conjecture of Weil and Lang: if A is an abelian variety over a number field k and X a subvariety of A not containing a translate of a positive dimensional abelian subvariety of A, then X contains only finitely many k-rational points. One of Faltings’ basic tools was a new non-vanishing result of his, also proved in [1], the so-called (arithmetic version of the) Product Theorem. It has turned out that this Product Theorem has a much wider range of applicability in Diophantine approximation. For instance, recently Faltings and Wustholz gave an entirely new proof [2] of Schmidt’s Subspace Theorem [15] based on the Product Theorem. Faltings’ Product Theorem is not only very powerful for deriving new qualitative finiteness results in Diophantine approximation but, in an explicit form, it can be used also to derive significant improvements of existing quantitative results. In the present paper, we work out an explicit version of the arithmetic version of the Product Theorem; except for making explicit some of Faltings’ arguments from [1] this did not involve anything new. By using the same techniques we improve Roth’s lemma from [12]. Roth’s lemma was used by Roth in his theorem on the approximation of algebraic numbers by rationals [12] and later by Schmidt in his proof of the Subspace Theorem [15]. In two subsequent papers we shall apply our improvement of Roth’s lemma to derive significant improvements on existing explicit upper bounds for the number of subspaces in the Subspace Theorem, due to Schmidt [16] and Schlickewei [14] and for the number of solutions of norm form equations [17] and S-unit equations [13].
Coming to America: A Clinical Study of IPOs in the U.S. by Foreign Firms

Following Merton's (1987) hypothesis of capital market segmentation and neglect, we undertook a clinical investigation of 31 initial public offerings (IPOs) by foreign firms in the U.S. market. Field interviews with investment bankers handling the issues and case analyses offer evidence broadly consistent with Merton. Fundamentally, foreign firms behave, and speak as if their home equity markets are segmented from America. Foreign firms come to America in the belief that their securities are undervalued at home, and will be appropriately valued in the U.S., and out of a desire to obtain greater financial flexibility by listing their securities in America. The equity market opportunity foreign firms seek to exploit and offer to investors is one of growing convergence between their home market and America. Consistent with Merton's hypothesis, all else equal, we find higher issuance costs for foreign issuers than for purely American IPOs. Also, within the sample of foreign issues, we find that greater neglect is associated with higher issuance costs. The underwriters for these issues are unusually concentrated with three firms participating in the leadership of over half the observations in our sample. The IPO process for foreign firms focuses on preparing the firm for U.S. shareholders—particularly emphasizing transparency, the quality of financial reporting, and the respect for shareholder rights. The substantive message of the " road show " emphasizes the stability of the firm, its significant place in its home market, and convergence of the home market with the U.S. Generally, the findings here are consistent with Merton's hypothesis that neglect is costly and that underwriters perform a function in overcoming that neglect. …modest recognition of institutional structures and information costs can go a long way toward explaining financial behavior that is otherwise seen as anomalous to the standard frictionless-market model.
Effects of Instruction Type and Boredom Proneness in Vigilance: Implications for Boredom and Workload

The present study examined the effects of instruction type and boredom proneness (BP) on vigilance performance, workload, and boredom. Subjects completed the Boredom Proneness Scale and were assigned to high and low groups based on their scores. They then monitored a VDT for critical signals. Half the subjects were instructed to detect “critical” flickers (detection emphasis), and the remaining subjects were instructed to relax but to respond to any flickers observed (relaxation emphasis). Subjects also provided pre- and postvigil ratings of workload, stress, and boredom. A performance decrement was observed for all conditions. Low-BP subjects outperformed high-BP subjects and reported less boredom. Thus the results from the present study provide evidence for the long-sought, elusive link between trait boredom and performance in vigilance. In addition, subjects who received relaxation-emphasis instructions reported lower workload, frustration, and stress for the vigil than did those receiving detection-emphasis instructions. These results are discussed in terms of a recent dynamic model of stress as it relates to sustained attention.
Additional data transmission scheme for the ATSC terrestrial DTV systems based on a low rate systematic irregular repeat-accumulate code

In this paper, we propose an additional data transmission scheme for the ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) terrestrial DTV (digital television) systems based on a low rate systematic irregular repeat-accumulate (SIRA) code. Unlike the previously proposed additional data transmission scheme using TxID (transmitter identification) signals, the proposed scheme conjuncted with a DTV VSB signal cancellation technique is suitable for high data transmission. Compared to the previous additional data transmission scheme based on a low rate systematic repeat-accumulate code, the BER performance of the proposed scheme is significantly improved. The additional data is encoded with a simplified IRA channel coding scheme and injected to the conventional VSB signals with the bury ratio (BR) of −27 dB. With the proposed scheme, an additional data of rate up to 1 Mbps can be transmitted along with the ATSC terrestrial DTV signals by minimizing the detrimental effects on the ATSC terrestrial DTV systems.
A 3-Z-Network Boost Converter

A novel boost converter is proposed in this paper, which consists of three active Z-networks and is then named as a 3-Z-network boost converter. A distinct advantage of this proposal is that it can reach a high-gain voltage and well fulfill the stringent requirements from industry, particularly renewable power systems, to boost low voltage from clean sources such as photovoltaic (PV) arrays and fuel cells to high voltages for grid-connected converters. Corresponding to different states of the diodes and currents of the capacitors, six operational cases of the proposed converter, including two continuous-current modes (CCMs) and four discontinuous-current modes (DCMs), are analyzed. It is then followed with the parameters design. Finally, simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Beaver herbivory and its effect on cottonwood trees: influence of flooding along matched regulated and unregulated rivers

We compared beaver (Castor canadensis) foraging patterns on Fremont cottonwood (Populus deltoides subsp. wislizenii) saplings and the probability of saplings being cut on a 10 km reach of the flow‐regulated Green River and a 8.6 km reach of the free‐flowing Yampa River in northwestern Colorado. We measured the abundance and density of cottonwood on each reach and followed the fates of individually marked saplings in three patches of cottonwood on the Yampa River and two patches on the Green River. Two natural floods on the Yampa River and one controlled flood on the Green River between May 1998 and November 1999 allowed us to assess the effect of flooding on beaver herbivory. Independent of beaver herbivory, flow regulation on the Green River has caused a decrease in number of cottonwood patches per kilometre of river, area of patches per kilometre, and average stem density within cottonwood patches. The number of saplings cut per beaver colony was three times lower on the Green River than on the Yampa River but the probability of a sapling being cut by a beaver was still higher on the Green River because of lower sapling density there. Controlled flooding appeared to increase the rate of foraging on the Green River by inundating patches of cottonwood, which enhanced access by beaver. Our results suggest regulation can magnify the impact of beaver on cottonwood through interrelated effects on plant spatial distribution and cottonwood density, with the result that beaver herbivory will need to be considered in plans to enhance cottonwood populations along regulated rivers. Published in 2002 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Trust and Perceived Privacy in B2C Mobile Apps among Foreigners: A Case of People's Republic of China

China, as a world's factory, is an eye-catching opportunity for the current global economic market. The trust in the service provider and the nature of service will be examined with reference to m-commerce in China among foreigners. The perceived trust in the service provider, perceived trust in the internet, influence of the society, perceived privacy and easiness while using accounted as factors affecting the foreigners perceived intentions to adopt m-commerce in China. The findings conclude the trust on internet is low and perceived privacy is high among foreigners. However, the intentions are still positive as trust in the m-commerce service provider is dominating the overall intentions of m-commerce users in P.R. China.
Visual electronic Word of Mouth: a multimodal brand approach and case study

An emerging activity on internet is to create and share visual content, our understanding of this activity and its impact however is limited. In this paper we aim to define and operationalize the concept of visual eWom and embed it in the current eWom literature. Different from existing eWom research which relies on textual information only, we conceptualize visual eWom as a multimodal construct consisting of textual and visual concepts. We test our operationalization on a dataset of 6435 consumer posts crawled from Instagram. We apply stateoftheart machine learning techniques, convolutional neural networks, for detecting the visual concepts in images posted on Instagram. We use OLS regression to test the impact of textual and visual concepts on image popularity. The results in our case study show that textual and visual concepts provide complementary information and have a different impact on image popularity.