Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 40% PAE Frequency-Reconfigurable CMOS Power Amplifier With Tunable Gate–Drain Neutralization for 28-GHz 5G Radios

In this paper, a high-efficiency frequency-reconfigurable CMOS power amplifier (PA) design technique is presented at 24 and 28 GHz using integrated tunable neutralization and matching networks. To cope with the adverse effects of gate–drain capacitance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{\mathrm {gd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) CMOS PAs in deep-submicrometer technologies, we propose a reconfigurable coupling-coefficient-based transformer. This technique provides optimum neutralization of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{\mathrm {gd}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in a common-source configuration, while enabling tunable neutralization in a frequency reconfigurable PA. Furthermore, to reconfigure the PA’s input and output matching networks, a low-loss frequency-reconfigurable matching topology using a switched substrate-shield inductor is proposed. The adopted matching network addresses the high loss in a conventional frequency reconfigurable matching approach, while facilitating high efficiency in the proposed PA design. Using the proposed techniques, a class-AB PA is fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. This prototype achieves measured saturated power-added efficiency (PAE<sub>sat</sub>) of 42.6%, saturated output power (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{o,\mathrm {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 14.7 dBm at 24 GHz, and 40.1% PAE<sub>sat</sub>, and 14.4 dBm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{o,\mathrm {sat}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 28 GHz while occupying an active area of only 0.11 mm<sup>2</sup>. At 24 and 28 GHz, the PA is tested under 16 and 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals with 250 MHz of channel BW. The PA achieves modulated PAE of 15.2%/14.1%, error vector magnitude of −26.4/−26.6 dB, and adjacent channel leakage ratio of −30/−32 dBc at an average output power of 7.1/7 dBm for a 64-QAM signal with 250-MHz BW at 24 and 28 GHz, respectively. To the best of the author’s knowledge, the design presents one of the highest PAEs among mm-wave CMOS PAs reported to date, while it also supports multiband operation.
Spatial Responses to Fordist and Post-Fordist Accumulation and Regulation

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the political geography of regional economic development under Fordism and its transition to post-Fordism. It summarises international, national and regional trends in Fordist accumulation and regulation. Second, it indicates haw Fordism dissolves and is replaced by a so tar insufficiently perceived and defined “post-Fordism. ” A general sketch of the political and economic geography for this, perhaps, new stage in capitalist development is put forward. Third, the authors discuss which elements in different institutional and neo-Marxian theories of the state are the most helpful to understand the role of the state under Fordism and the transition to post-Fordism.
Heuristics for pricing and positioning a product-line using conjoint and cost data

Designing and pricing a product-line is the very essence of every business. In recent years quantitative methods to assist managers in this task have been gaining in popularity. Conjoint analysis is already widely used to measure preferences for different product profiles, and build market simulation models. In the last few years several papers have been published that suggest how to optimally choose a product-line based on such data. We formalize this problem as a mathematical program where the objective of the firm is either profit or total welfare. Unlike alternative published approaches, we introduce fixed and variable costs for each product profile. The number of products to be introduced is endogenously determined on the basis of their desirability, fixed and variable costs, and in the case of profits, their cannibalization effect on other products. While the problem is difficult NP-complete, we show that the maximum welfare problem is equivalent to the uncapacitated plant location problem, which can be solved very efficiently using the greedy interchange heuristic. Based on past published experience with this problem, and on simulations we perform, we show that optimal or near optimal solutions are obtained in seconds for large problems. We develop a new greedy heuristic for the profit problem, and its application to simulated problems shows that it too runs quickly, and with better performance than various alternatives and previously published heuristics. We also show how the methodology can be applied, taking existing products of both the firm and the competition into account.
Macrodynamics of Stabilization under Dual Exchange Rate: an Effective Demand Model

The paper examines effects of selected measures of stabilization in a financially repressed economy under two-tier exchange rate. Since financial repression is a generic category, it requires context-specific (model-specific) representation. In this paper financial repression is represented in terms of a very rudimentary asset structure. The models of the dual exchange rate in the existing literature are by and large full-employment models. Consequently the targets of stabilization are inflation and current account balance. This paper attempts to make an intervention in the literature by introducing the problem of effective demand and unemployment. Hence, we get wider range of targets of stabilization namely unemployment, current account balance and inflation. We will utilize the asset approach of the Calvo-Rodriguez model in an otherwise aggregative Dornbusch type model under the assumption that commodity price is sticky and output is demand determined.
Cortisol, Testosterone, and Prospective Risk for War-zone Stress-Evoked Depression.

Introduction The major challenges of efforts to reveal biological risk factors and biomarkers of depression include the complexity of underlying systems, interactions with other systems, and contextual factors governing their expression. Altered endocrine function is believed to be a central contributor to depressive illness, but across studies, evidence for a link between endocrine markers and depression has been mixed, inconclusive, or conditional in nature. In the present study, we evaluated basal testosterone (T), cortisol (C), and CO2 inhalation-stress-reactivity measures of these hormones (TR, CR) as pre-deployment moderators of the later impact of war-zone stressors on depression symptoms in-theater. Materials and Methods At pre-deployment, U.S. soldiers (N = 120) completed demographic, clinical and hormone measures, and during deployment, they completed monthly, web-based assessments of war-zone stressors and depression symptoms (N = 533 observations). Mixed effects models estimated the effects of the pre-deployment hormone profiles in moderating war-zone stressors' impact on in-theater depression. Models also tested whether hormonally linked risk for later stress-evoked depression depends on pre-existing depression. Results Controlling for pre-deployment depression, high T was protective; whereas TR had depressogenic effects that were amplified by pre-deployment depression. Further, high C was protective, but heightened CR was depressogenic, but only among those with elevated pre-deployment depression. Conclusions Findings highlight the importance of examining basal and reactivity measures of endocrine function, and use of prospective, longitudinal models to test hypothesized causal pathways associated with depression vulnerability in the war-zone. Results also suggest that pre-existing depression and cortisol may work in tandem to increase vulnerability for later stress-evoked depression in the war-zone.
From project to process management: an empirically-based framework for analyzing product development time

While product development efforts are often viewed a unique configurations of idiosyncratic tasks, in reality different projects within an organization often exhibit substantial similarity in the flow of their constituent activities. Moreover, while most of the planning tools available to managers assume that projects are independent clusters of activities, in reality many organizations must manage concurrent projects that place competing demands on shared human and technical resources. This study develops an empirically-based framework for analyzing development time in such contexts. We model the product development organization as a stochastic processing network in which engineering resources are "workstations" and projects are "jobs" that flow between the workstations. At any given time, a job is either receiving service or queueing for access to a resource. Our model's spreadsheets quantify this division of time, and our simulation experiments investigate the determinants of development cycle time. This class of models provides a useful managerial framework for studying product development because it enables formal performance analysis, and it points to data that should be collected by organizations seeking to improve development cycle times. Such models also provide a conceptual framework for characterizing commonalities and differences between engineering and manufacturing operations.
A greenhouse approach for value cultivation

The present paper explores design requirements to take into consideration when designing and developing new products or services. The purpose of this article is to develop a strategic approach for analysing variations between potential customer needs in order better to understand what qualities should be further cultivated before product launch. This new approach is called ‘A Greenhouse Approach for Value Cultivation’. Case study data of a new web-based customisation service for a Romanian shoe manufacturing company has been re-analysed by using questionnaire data on 166 respondents’ perceptions on 14 attributes’ importance and value. A nonlinear regression model was developed and used to understand relations between importance and value. Such relations were used together with the Greenhouse Model to better understand the service attributes’ potential life cycles if selected for further cultivation. The Greenhouse Model envisages new perspectives of the evaluation of customer needs to support strategic decision-making regarding further value cultivation for profound affection (= customer delight). Even if there is a need for further tests the suggested ‘Greenhouse Approach for Value Cultivation’ is regarded as a new and original contribution to the theory of attractive quality creation which deepens its position in the theory of attractive quality and transforms it into a practical management tool to support new product and service design.
Integrating Survey and Remote Sensing Data to Analyze Land Use at a Fine Scale: Insights from Agricultural Households in the Brazilian Amazon

The ability to model factors influencing land use can be significantly improved by incorporating variables derived from geographic information systems with more detailed survey data. While remote sensing data have the advantage of providing land cover measurements for large areas, survey data collected from households provide a more detailed account of land use. We estimate land use decisions in the Brazilian Amazon with land cover data derived from satellite images merged with observations from a household panel. We focus on the rapidly expanding cattle industry or ``pecuarizaçao'' (cattleization) as well as a potentially competing land use strategy: the planting and harvesting of annual and perennial crops. We identify spatial error in our initial estimations and as a result use corrected models of land use with greater explanatory power and efficiency. Estimation results indicate that both pasture creation and agriculture are determined by similar household and spatial characteristics; however, the impacts of these determinants are in opposing directions for both land uses estimated. We conclude from our survey and satellite comparisons that while remote sensing data may overestimate the extent of pasture, the overestimation is minor. Finally, based on the current extent of pasture, we also conclude that policy that focuses on reducing deforestation within these long-established settlements is most likely inefficient. Rather, policy that addresses the land use practices employed by recent settlers may be more effective in reducing further pasture creation.
Statistical Analysis of the Microvariable AGN Source Mrk 501

We report on the optical observations and analysis of the high-energy peaked BL Lac object (HBL), Mrk 501, at redshift z = 0.033. We can confirm microvariable behavior over the course of minutes on several occasions per night. As an alternative to the commonly understood dynamical model of random variations in intensity of the AGN, we develop a relativistic beaming model with a minimum of free parameters, which allows us to infer changes in the line of sight angles for the motion of the different relativistic components. We hope our methods can be used in future studies of beamed emission in other active microvariable sources, similar to the one we explored.
SAMM: System Designed to Help, Motivate and Improve the Experience of Visually Impaired People with Technology

SAMM is a system designed to help, motivate and improve the experience of visually impaired people with technology. SAMM helps assisting or training visually impaired children who need to improve their interaction with mobile devices and a computer in the performance of basic tasks with these devices, with efficiency and effectiveness, so that they can face the greatest challenges of the same technological resources or others more advanced. SAMM is an interactive system and its development is done with the User-Centered Design methodology.
Imaging of the stomach, and localization of the stomach meridian & its acupuncture points in a human cadaver by the use of the indirect "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Technique".

Since 1984, using the "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (Molecular Identification, Localization and) Imaging Technique" originally developed by Y. Omura, the imaging of the outline of normal and abnormal internal organs has been successfully applied for clinical diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic effects, without the use of expensive imaging instrumentation. Not only has it become possible to non-invasively image each internal organ and localize specific malignant tumors of specific internal organs, as well as neurotransmitters, but it has also recently become possible to demonstrate the presence and exact locations of the meridians corresponding to specific internal organs and their acupuncture points along the meridians through the use of either the Direct or Indirect "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (Molecular Identification, Localization and) Imaging Techniques" while holding a microscopic slide of the specific human internal organ tissue. However, very little information was available to demonstrate the presence of the meridians and their acupuncture points in a human cadaver. In this study, we were able to demonstrate by use of the Indirect "Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (Molecular Identification, Localization and) Imaging Technique" the presence of meridians corresponding to specific internal organs and acupuncture points on the meridians, all of which were nearly identical to those found in a living human. For example, the authors found that the stomach meridian at both ends of one of the most well-known acupuncture points, Stomach 36, is located within 1 mm of the surface of the skin, and the average diameter of the meridian is less than 1 mm. Stomach 36 in this particular cadaver had a round shape with a diameter of approximately 1.8 cm at the skin surface. The acupuncture point, St. 36, in this cadaver at the skin surface was round in shape and extended to the deepest underlying muscle layer of the tibialis anterior muscle, in three dimensions. In spite of the fact that the Indirect Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Imaging Technique showed a distinct pathway for the stomach meridian and the location of St. 36, there was no apparent difference to the naked eye between the meridian and the surrounding non-meridian tissue, nor between St. 36 and surrounding non-acupuncture point area. However, there seems to be a more dense connective tissue network between the skin layer and the fascia on the muscle tissue at the acupuncture point, as compared with the surrounding non-acupuncture point area. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Isolation of Campylobacter pyloridis from Human Gastric Mucosa and Characterization of the Isolates

Biopsy specimens of human gastric mucosa of patients with gastric complaints and subjected to endoscopic examination were cultured microaerobically, and Campylobacter pyloridis was detected in 46 out of 80 cases (57.5%). The organism was found in 13 out of 22 patients with gastritis, 11 out of 16 with gastric ulcer scar, 7 out of 16 with gastric ulcer, 3 out of 9 with gastric polyp, 4 out of 5 with gastric carcinoma, 2 out of 2 with esophagus carcinoma, and 6 out of 9 with other gastric diseases. The isolates were identified as C. pyloridis, demonstrating its characteristic features such as positive for oxidase and catalase, negative for reduction of nitrite and nitrate, positive for urease, no growth at 25 C, growth at 37 C, not tolerant to 1% glycine, and resistant to nalidixic acid. Positive alkaline phosphatase activity was considered as an additional feature characteristic for the strains of C. pyloridis. The major cellular fatty acids were tetradecanoic acid and 19‐carbon‐cyclopropane acid. This pattern is unique among Campylobacter species. The survival of the organism for a longer period than 60 min at pH 2.5 indicates its significant resistance to acidic environment.
Disease-related autoantibody profile in patients with systemic sclerosis

Abstract Background: Autoantibodies (autoAbs) help in diagnosis and predicting clinical phenotypes in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Aim of the study: To determine the clinical utility of 13 SSc-related autoAbs in SSc patients. Material and methods: A total of 131 consecutive patients with SSc (111 female, mean age 58.1 ± 14 years; 49 with diffused cutaneous SSc [dcSSc] and 82 with limited cutaneous SSc [lcSSc]) were analysed by a multiplex line immunoassay (Euroimmun) for autoantibodies (autoAbs) against 13 SSc-related antigens. A total of 22 patients with primary Raynaud phenomenon (RP), and 22 healthy controls were also analysed. Results: ANA by indirect immunofluorescence was present in 128 (97.7%) patients with SSc. Excluding anti-Ro52, 113 (89.3%) SSc patients were positive for at least one autoAb: anti-Topoisomerase I (anti-Topo) I abs in 54 (41.2%), anti-centromere proteins (anti-CENP) in 37 (28.2%, all reactive with centromere protein-A (CENPA) and centromere protein B (CENPB)), anti-RNA polymerase III(RP11) in 19 (14.5%), anti-RNA polymerase III(RP155) in 13 (9.9%), anti-fibrillarin in 4 (3.1%), anti-Ku in 6 (4.6%), anti-nucleolus-organizing region (anti-NOR90) in 8 (6.1%), anti-PM-Scl100 in 2 (1.5%), and anti-PM-Scl75 in 4 (3.1%). There was no immunoreactivity for Th/To or platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). Overall, 102 (77.9%) SSc patients had autoAbs against Topo I, CENPA or CENPB, RP11 or RP155. Anti-Topo I abs were strongly associated with dcSSc, interstitial lung disease (ILD) (p < .001), pulmonary hypertension (PH) (p = .019) and ILD-PH (p = .003). Anti-CENPB abs were associated with lcSSc, and negatively associated with ILD. Anti-RP11 and anti-NOR90 abs were associated with male gender, and anti-NOR90 associated with ILD. Conclusions: Anti-Topo I, anti-CENP, and anti-RNA pol III are the most prevalent autoAbs in SSc. Anti-Topo I and anti-NOR90 abs are associated with ILD and/or PAH.
Feasibility of a Photovoltaic–Thermoelectric Generator: Performance Analysis and Simulation Results

This paper describes a theoretical approach to evaluate the performance of a hybrid solar system made with photovoltaic cells and thermoelectric (TE) modules. After a brief treatment of the integrated system, energy conversion and performance parameters are evaluated through numerical simulations depending on the global radiation and temperature distribution obtained by the Joint Research Center of the European Commission and of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The contribution of TE module to total energy seems significant in southern European towns and less substantial when the locations considered are very distant from the equator and show the possibility of using TE devices for energy production.
Towards an Economic Theory of the Church

The theory of the firm is employed to explain behaviour of the church. Churches produce a set of products including entertainment, a variety of socially valuable public goods, eternal life and alteration of otherwise fated events. Most importantly, it reduces transactions costs by enforcing a system of property rights. Enforcement is enhanced by the promise of heaven and threat of hell, two innovations uniquely available to the church. Some implications of the model using the standard Cross‐cultural Sample of the Human Relations Area Files are tested.
Extract from Periostracum cicadae Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Ultraviolet B Irradiation on HaCaT Keratinocytes

Periostracum cicadae is widely used for the treatment of skin diseases such as eczema, pruritus, and itching. The current study sought to evaluate the effect of P. cicadae extract on ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation and identify the mechanisms involved. Photodamage-protective activity of P. cicadae extracts against oxidative challenge was screened using HaCaT keratinocytes. P. cicadae extracts did not affect cell viability but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The extract attenuates the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9 in UVB-treated HaCaT cells. Also, P. cicadae abrogated UVB-induced activation of NF-κB, p53, and activator protein-1 (AP-1). The downmodulation of IL-6 by P. cicadae was inhibited by the p38 inhibitor (SB203580) or JNK inhibitor (SP600125). Moreover, the extract attenuated the expression of NF-κB and induced thrombomodulin in keratinocytes and thereby effectively downregulated inflammatory responses in the skin. The nuclear accumulation and expression of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) were increased by P. cicadae treatment. Furthermore, treatment with P. cicadae remarkably ameliorated the skin's structural damage induced by irradiation. This study demonstrates that P. cicadae may protect skin cells against oxidative insult by modulating ROS concentration, IL-6, MMPs generation, antioxidant enzymes activity, and cell signaling pathways.