Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Population genetic structure of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Palaemonidae) from Indian waters using mitochondrial ATPase 6/8 gene

Abstract Macrobrachium rosenbergii, giant freshwater prawn, is one of the most commercially important crustaceans. In the present study, primers for ATPase 6/8 region of mt-DNA were designed and successfully amplified (827 bp) in the species. The nucleotide variation in ATPase 6/8 gene revealed the population structuring in natural populations of M. rosenbergii in Indian waters. A total of 35 haplotypes were observed in 93 individuals collected from different locations. Low nucleotide diversity and high haplotype diversity were noticed for the ATPase 6/8 gene. Significant pairwise FST and, haplotype network indicated occurrence of distinct populations. Observed mismatch distribution and Tajima’s D test suggested demographical stability of giant freshwater prawn. The genetic stock structure revealed in this study will be helpful for conservation and management of stocks of M. rosenbergii in Indian waters.
A planar, x-axis, single-crystalline silicon gyroscope fabricated using the extended SBM process

A planar, x-axis, single-crystalline silicon gyroscope is fabricated using one (111) SOI wafer using the extended SBM (sacrificial bulk micromachining) process. The gyroscope uses vertically offset combs to resonate the proof mass in the vertical plane, and lateral combs to sense the Coriolis force in the horizontal plane. The extended SBM process is a simple two-mask process, and because all structural parts and combs are defined in one mask level, there is no misalignment in any structural parts or comb fingers. Furthermore, all vertical dimensions of the structure, including the comb height, comb offset and sacrificial gap, can be defined arbitrarily. In addition, the inherent footing phenomenon in the SOI deep etching is completely eliminated and smooth structural shapes are obtained. The fabricated x-axis gyroscope can resolve 0.1 deg/sec angular rate, and the measured bandwidth is 100 Hz. The reported work represents the first x-axis single-crystalline silicon gyroscope fabricated using only one wafer without wafer bonding. In this paper, SOI wafer was used for electrical isolation, but the same device can be fabricated using other available electrical isolation techniques using only one ordinary (111) wafer, albeit fabrication processes are more complicated.
Cost of Capital, Optimal Capital Structure, and Value of Firm: An Empirical Study of Indian Companies

Academicians and practitioners alike have found it difficult to resolve the issue of optimal capital structure in the perfect capital markets of the West as well as in the imperfect capital markets, as in India. This paper examines whether there exists an optimal capital structure in Indian companies, both at the micro and the macro level and whether financing decisions affect the value of a firm.
Immunofluorescent Detection of IntraerythrocyticBartonella henselae in Naturally Infected Cats

ABSTRACT To determine the presence of Bartonella henselaebacteremia in six cats, we compared isolation using blood culture with direct immunofluorescence on blood smears. Three cats that were positive by blood culture were also positive by direct immunofluorescence, and laser confocal microscopy confirmed the intraerythrocytic location of B. henselae.
Improving ZigBee Device Network Authentication Using Ensemble Decision Tree Classifiers With Radio Frequency Distinct Native Attribute Fingerprinting

The popularity of ZigBee devices continues to grow in home automation, transportation, traffic management, and Industrial Control System (ICS) applications given their low-cost and low-power. However, the decentralized architecture of ZigBee ad-hoc networks creates unique security challenges for network intrusion detection and prevention. In the past, ZigBee device authentication reliability was enhanced by Radio Frequency-Distinct Native Attribute (RF-DNA) fingerprinting using a Fisher-based Multiple Discriminant Analysis and Maximum Likelihood (MDA-ML) classification process to distinguish between devices in low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) environments. However, MDA-ML performance inherently degrades when RF-DNA features do not satisfy Gaussian normality conditions, which often occurs in real-world scenarios where radio frequency (RF) multipath and interference from other devices is present. We introduce non-parametric Random Forest (RndF) and Multi-Class AdaBoost (MCA) ensemble classifiers into the RF-DNA fingerprinting arena, and demonstrate improved ZigBee device authentication. Results are compared with parametric MDA-ML and Generalized Relevance Learning Vector Quantization-Improved (GRLVQI) classifier results using identical input feature sets. Fingerprint dimensional reduction is examined using three methods, namely a pre-classification Kolmogorov-Smirnoff Test (KS-Test), a post-classification RndF feature relevance ranking, and a GRLVQI feature relevance ranking. Using the ensemble methods, an SNR=18.0 dB improvement over MDA-ML processing is realized at an arbitrary correct classification rate (%C) benchmark of %C=90%; for all SNR ∈ [0, 30] dB considered, %C improvement over MDA-ML ranged from 9% to 24%. Relative to GRLVQI processing, ensemble methods again provided improvement for all SNR, with a best improvement of %C=10% achieved at the lowest tested SNR=0.0 dB. Network penetration, measured using rogue ZigBee devices, show that at the SNR=12.0 dB (%C=90%) the ensemble methods correctly reject 31 of 36 rogue access attempts based on Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and an arbitrary Rogue Accept Rate of . This performance is better than MDA-ML, and GRLVQI which rejected 25/36, and 28/36 rogue access attempts respectively. The key benefit of ensemble method processing is improved rogue rejection in noisier environments; gains of 6.0 dB, and 18.0 dB are realized over GRLVQI, and MDA-ML, respectively. Collectively considering the demonstrated %C and rogue rejection capability, the use of ensemble methods improves ZigBee network authentication, and enhances anti-spoofing protection afforded by RF-DNA fingerprinting.
Towards a control model for the highly cybernetic farming ecosystems

Abstract A dynamic model based on the linear systems theory is developed in designing a highly cybernetic farming strategy to efficiently manage residuals generated in farm ecosystems. A linear cybernetic model would be used to describe the dynamic behavior of resource flow in the farm ecosystem in which the state variables are resource quantities, and the control variables are residual quantities. The controlled process is defined as the controlled management strategy change. Cybernetic mechanism shows the application of residuals as control measures have determinate effects on the controlled process as along as the farming system is observable and controllable in the control sense. To illustrate the model algorithm the idea is applied to simulate the dynamic response of residual phosphorus concentrations in an integrated pig/corn farming system located in the south Taiwan region. General results show that the residual phosphorous concentration is influenced by farming activities which are controlled by a system of gross input and net output parameters. This paper demonstrates using input‐output analysis technique that residuals generated in the farming system is the most important cybernetic variable, so that the proper management of residuals alone has the potential to maintain future productivity and sustainability.
Einsatz eines mehrkriteriellen Entscheidungsverfahrens im Naturschutzmanagement

Bei der Ausgestaltung und Planung von Naturschutzprojekten auf der Verwaltungsebene wird die integrative Berucksichtigung von okologischen und soziookonomischen Wechselwirkungen fur ein effektives Naturschutzmanagement zunehmend wichtiger. Die Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit dem Einfluss potenzieller Entscheiderperspektiven auf die Ausgestaltung von Naturschutzprojekten. Dafur wird die Integration von politischen, okologischen und soziookonomischen Zielsetzungen in einem mehrkriteriellen Entscheidermodell vorgenommen. Als entscheidungsunterstutzendes Verfahren kommt der Analytische-Hierarchie-Prozess (AHP) zum Einsatz. Mit dem AHP-Modell werden drei potenzielle Entscheiderperspektiven untersucht. Diese ergeben sich aus einer Kombination von Einzelinteressen der Bereiche Wirtschaft, Verwaltung und Naturschutz. Die Datengrundlage fur die Ausgestaltung des Entscheidungsmodells basiert im Wesentlichen auf einer von Mai bis August 2003 durchgefuhrten Interviewaktion und Stakeholderanalyse. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Auswahl von Handlungsalternativen masgeblich von den Zielen und Praferenzen der jeweiligen Entscheiderperspektive abhangig ist. Dabei wird der Einfluss administrativer, okologischer und soziookonomischer Faktoren auf die Gestaltungsanforderungen an ein Naturschutzprojekt durch das Entscheidermodell nachgewiesen. Es wird deutlich, dass ein mehrkriterielles Verfahren alle Interessengruppen in einem Projekt berucksichtigen kann. Die Analyse mit einem mehrkriteriellen Entscheidungsverfahren tragt zur Klarung der Voraussetzungen einer gesellschaftlich und okologisch akzeptablen Ausgestaltung von Naturschutzprojekten auf administrativer Ebene bei und kann zu einer Effizienzsteigerung im Naturschutzmanagement fuhren.
Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of pretreatment thrombocytosis in patients with endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis

Background: The prognostic and clinicopathological role of pretreatment thrombocytosis in cancer has been widely studied, but conclusions in endometrial cancer (EnCa) remain controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the pathologic and prognostic impacts of pretreatment thrombocytosis in patients with EnCa. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Pooled HR or OR with their 95% CIs were applied to assess the association of pretreatment thrombocytosis with survival outcomes and clinical parameters of EnCa patients. Results: In total, 10 studies containing 2,995 cases of EnCa met the criteria. The results suggested that pretreatment thrombocytosis was significantly associated with high International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (pooled OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.68–7.08, P=0.001), poor tumor differentiation (pooled OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.22–3.29, P=0.006), lymph-vascular space invasion (pooled OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.35–3.07, P=0.001); myometrial invasion (pooled OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.39–3.32, P=0.001); cervical involvement (pooled OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.56–4.15, P=0.000) and lymph node metastasis (OR 3.15, 95% CI 1.71–5.80, P=0.001). No significant difference existed between pretreatment thrombocytosis and overall survival (P=0.012), cancer/disease-specific survival (P=0.07) or disease-free survival (P=0.25). Conclusion: pretreatment thrombocytosis was associated with advanced clinicopathological features in patients with EnCa, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for EnCa.
Bandpass-sampling based GNSS sampled data generator — A design perspective

This paper presents the design methodology and simulation results of a sampled data generator (SDG) designed to operate over the whole range of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) frequencies (1164MHz to 1615.5MHz). An SDG is actually a radio front-end (RF FE) that generates digital samples at intermediate frequency (IF), which can be recorded and used in the future as test input to a baseband processing unit. The proposed SDG is based on the bandpass-sampling principle and works over combined (but overlapping) frequency bands of all three GNSS constellations (American Global Positioning System (GPS), European Galileo system and the Russian GLONASS system). It is observed that there is currently no commercially available multi-system multi-frequency GNSS SDG. This paper hopes to fill this gap. First, the overall architecture of the proposed SDG is described, followed by the detailed design of each block, namely, the bandpass & bandstop filters, and the frequency planning for the bandpass-sampling analog to digital converter (ADC).
A multi-objective optimization for memory BIST sharing using a genetic algorithm

The memory BIST insertion involves the simultaneous optimization of several conflicting and competing objectives such as test time and power consumption during the test execution procedure. In this paper, a new memory BIST methodology is proposed which optimizes area overhead, test power and test time. It exploits Genetic Algorithms to find a set of Pareto optimal solutions. Since the designer is given a set of trade-off solutions between the three criteria, thus he can choose the most suitable one for his memory testing needs. The proposed algorithm is rigorously tested using several industrial designs.
Graph~- semantic based web data model: Conceptual design to logical representation

Real life web based information system is complex due to the presence of hypertext and semi-structured hierarchical data. This paper proposes a graph-semantic based web data model called, EGDM, to conceptualize the web based information system in a better way. Design of such complex system not only demands a strong conceptual model with high degree of understandability but a proper methodological support for the designer is also needed to specify the system at logical level. In this context, this paper also proposed an Object Specification Language for EGDM (OSLE). It allows converting the conceptual level design with graphical notation to its equivalent logical level Object Model in terms of classes and class hierarchies. The proposed OSLE based Class templates of object model are platform independent. Moreover, we have proposed an rule based approach for mapping the OSLE based class templates to product dependent Object Relational (OR) Model for the ease of implementation.
Crop Improvement through Modification of the Plant's Own Genome

Plant genetic engineering has, until now, relied on the incorporation of foreign DNA into plant genomes. Public concern about the extent to which transgenic crops differ from their traditionally bred counterparts has resulted in molecular strategies and gene choices that limit, but not eliminate, the introduction of foreign DNA. Here, we demonstrate that a plant-derived (P-) DNA fragment can be used to replace the universally employed Agrobacterium transfer (T-) DNA. Marker-free P-DNAs are transferred to plant cell nuclei together with conventional T-DNAs carrying a selectable marker gene. By subsequently linking a positive selection for temporary marker gene expression to a negative selection against marker gene integration, 29% of derived regeneration events contain P-DNA insertions but lack any copies of the T-DNA. Further refinements are accomplished by employing Ω-mutated virD2 and isopentenyl transferase cytokinin genes to impair T-DNA integration and select against backbone integration, respectively. The presented methods are used to produce hundreds of marker-free and backbone-free potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants displaying reduced expression of a tuber-specific polyphenol oxidase gene in potato. The modified plants represent the first example of genetically engineered plants that only contain native DNA.
Predicting human movement with multiple accelerometers using movelets.

PURPOSE The study aims were 1) to develop transparent algorithms that use short segments of training data for predicting activity types and 2) to compare the prediction performance of the proposed algorithms using single accelerometers and multiple accelerometers. METHODS Sixteen participants (age, 80.6 yr (4.8 yr); body mass index, 26.1 kg·m (2.5 kg·m)) performed 15 lifestyle activities in the laboratory, each wearing three accelerometers at the right hip and left and right wrists. Triaxial accelerometry data were collected at 80 Hz using ActiGraph GT3X+. Prediction algorithms were developed, which, instead of extracting features, build activity-specific dictionaries composed of short signal segments called movelets. Three alternative approaches were proposed to integrate the information from the multiple accelerometers. RESULTS With at most several seconds of training data per activity, the prediction accuracy at the second-level temporal resolution was very high for lying, standing, normal/fast walking, and standing up from a chair (the median prediction accuracy ranged from 88.2% to 99.9% on the basis of the single-accelerometer movelet approach). For these activities, wrist-worn accelerometers performed almost as well as hip-worn accelerometers (the median difference in accuracy between wrist and hip ranged from -2.7% to 5.8%). Modest improvements in prediction accuracy were achieved by integrating information from multiple accelerometers. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS It is possible to achieve high prediction accuracy at the second-level temporal resolution with very limited training data. To increase prediction accuracy from the simultaneous use of multiple accelerometers, a careful selection of integrative approaches is required.
Micro-CT enables microlocalisation and quantification of Her2-targeted gold nanoparticles within tumour regions.

OBJECTIVES Gold nanoparticles are of interest as potential in vivo diagnostic and therapeutic agents, as X-ray contrast agents, drug delivery vehicles and radiation enhancers. The aim of this study was to quantitatively determine their targeting and microlocalisation in mouse tumour models after intravenous injection by using micro-CT. METHODS Gold nanoparticles (15 nm) were coated with polyethylene glycol and covalently coupled to anti-Her2 antibodies (Herceptin). In vitro, conjugates incubated with Her2+ (BT-474) and Her2- (MCF7) human breast cancer cells showed specific targeted binding with a Her2+ to Her2- gold ratio of 39.4±2.7:1. Nude mice, simultaneously bearing subcutaneous Her2+ and Her2- human breast tumours in opposite thighs were prepared. Gold nanoparticles alone, conjugated to Herceptin or to a non-specific antibody were compared. After intravenous injection of the gold nanoparticles, gold concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Microlocalisation of gold was carried out by calibrated micro-CT, giving both the radiodensities and gold concentrations in tumour and non-tumour tissue. RESULTS All gold nanoparticle constructs showed accumulation, predominantly at tumour peripheries. However, the Herceptin-gold nanoparticles showed the best specific uptake in their periphery (15.8±1.7% injected dose per gram), 1.6-fold higher than Her2- tumours and 22-fold higher than surrounding muscle. Imaging readily enabled detection of small, 1.5 mm-thick tumours. CONCLUSION In this pre-clinical study, antibody-targeted 15 nm gold nanoparticles showed preferential uptake in cognate tumours, but even untargeted gold nanoparticles enhanced the visibility of tumour peripheries and enabled detection of millimetre-sized tumours. Micro-CT enabled quantification within various regions of a tumour.
A phase II study of cisplatin and vinorelbine in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

BACKGROUND To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of cisplatin and vinorelbine in metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cisplatin (80 mg/m(2) day 1) and vinorelbine (25 mg/m(2) days 1 and 8) were administrated every 3 weeks to 52 patients (mean age 57 years; range 35-75 years) with metastatic breast cancer. Thirty-two patients were previously untreated for metastatic disease. Treatment was repeated for a maximum of six cycles. RESULTS Objective responses were obtained in 27 patients (52.9%; complete response 9.8%). The response rate was similar in pretreated and untreated patients (50% and 54.7%, respectively; P = 0.7). ECOG performance status was good (grade 0 or 1) in 55.7% of patients at baseline assessment and in 90.3% at the end of treatment (P = 0.0001). Median time to progression was 8.5 months (8.5 months in first-line and 8.7 months in second-line patients). Median survival was 16.6 months (21.2 months in first-line and 16.1 months in second-line patients). Grade 3/4 toxicity included neutropenia (44% in first-line, 60% in second-line patients), nausea (17.3%), anemia (17%), asthenia (3.8%) and thrombocytopenia (1.9%). There were no cases of febrile neutropenia or treatment-related deaths. Alopecia did not develop in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Cisplatin plus vinorelbine is active and tolerable in metastatic breast cancer, in untreated and pretreated patients.
Chromatographic demonstration of reversible changes in endothelial permeability.

This report describes a new in vitro method for measuring the diffusional permeability of an endothelial monolayer and its use in investigating the modulation of permeability by various agents, e.g., isoproterenol, propranolol, dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and cytochalasin D. To determine permeability, tracers of different molecular weights were applied simultaneously on a chromatography column containing confluent endothelial cells cultured on porous microcarrier beads. The Sangren-Sheppard model was used to determine the permeability of the endothelial monolayer from the tracer elution profiles. For six radiolabeled tracers the mean (+/- SD) permeabilities (cm/s x 10(-5)) in order of increasing tracer molecular weight were [3H]water, 82.0 +/- 28.8; [14C]urea, 49.5 +/- 9.5; [14C]mannitol, 13.3 +/- 4.7; [14C]-sucrose, 14.1 +/- 2.5; [3H]polyethylene glycol (900 mol wt), 4.80 +/- 1.61; and [3H]polyethylene glycol (4,000 mol wt), 1.97 +/- 1.01. These permeabilities deviate less from in vivo values than those obtained in other in vitro systems and are 10 times higher than in vivo estimates. The values were reproducible for up to the 4 h tested. Modulation of endothelial monolayer permeability was studied in a separate series of experiments. The beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (10(-6) M) decreased the permeability to mannitol by 36% and to polyethylene glycol (900 mol wt) by 49%; in both instances the decrease in permeability was reversed by propranolol. Propranolol alone had no effect. Dibutyryl cAMP (10(-3) M) decreased the permeability to mannitol by 40% and to polyethylene glycol by 47%; permeability returned to base line when dibutyryl cAMP was removed. Cytochalasin D (1 microgram/ml) increased permeability by 350% for mannitol and 380% for polyethylene glycol; the permeability change was reversed after removal of cytochalasin D. The results indicate that cell-column chromatography is a powerful method that can be used to characterize the permeability of endothelial monolayers and to investigate permeability changes produced by various agents.
A 1.75–15 GHz stepped frequency receiver for breast cancer imaging in 65 nm CMOS

A 65 nm CMOS receiver tailored for breast cancer diagnostic imaging is demonstrated for the first time. The receiver shows 31 dB conversion gain, NF<;8.6dB, PidB >;-28dBm, IIP3>;-12dBm and IIP2>;22dBm over a band from 1.75 to 15 GHz. A programmable injection-locked divider generates quadrature LO signals with a I/Q phase error <;1.5° over 3 octaves without requiring any calibration or tuning. The receiver shows a flicker noise corner as low as 40 Hz, achieving a dynamic range of 106 dB.