Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The roles of catenins in the cadherin-mediated cell adhesion: functional analysis of E-cadherin-alpha catenin fusion molecules

The carboxyl terminus-truncated cadherin (nonfunctional cadherin) has no cell adhesion activity probably because of its failure to associate with cytoplasmic proteins called alpha and beta catenin. To rescue this nonfunctional cadherin as adhesion molecules, we constructed three cDNAs for fusion proteins between nonfunctional E-cadherin and alpha catenin, nE alpha, nE alpha N, and nE alpha C, where the intact, amino- terminal and carboxy-terminal half of alpha catenin, respectively, were directly linked to the nonfunctional E-cadherin, and introduced them into mouse L cells. The subcellular distribution and cell adhesion activity of nE alpha and nE alpha C molecules was similar to those of intact E-cadherin transfectants: they bound to cytoskeletons, were concentrated at cell-cell adhesion sites and showed strong cell adhesion activity. nE alpha N molecules, which also bound to cytoskeletons, showed very poor cell adhesion activity. Taken together, we conclude that in the formation of the cadherin-catenin complex, the mechanical association of alpha catenin, especially its carboxy- terminal half, with E-cadherin is a key step for the cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. Close comparison revealed that the behavior of nE alpha molecules during cytokinesis was quite different from that of intact E- cadherin, and that the intercellular motility, i.e., the cell movement in a confluent sheet, was significantly suppressed in nE alpha transfectants although it was facilitated in E-cadherin transfectants. Considering that nE alpha was not associated with endogenous beta catenin in transfectants, the difference in the nature of cell adhesion between nE alpha and intact E-cadherin transfectants may be explained by the function of beta catenin. The possible functions of beta catenin are discussed with a special reference to its role as a negative regulator for the cadherin-mediated cell adhesion system.
Side Lobe Reduction of a Concentric Circular Antenna Array using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Circular antenna array has gained immense popularity in the field of communications. It has proved to be a better alternative over other types of antenna array configuration due to its all-azimuth scan capability, and a beam pattern which can be kept invariant. This paper is basically concerned with the thinning of a large multiple concentric circular ring arrays of uniformly excited isotropic antennas based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) methods. In this paper a 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, and 20 ringed Concentric Circular Antenna Arrays (CCAA) with central element feeding are considered. The main aim of this work is to reduce the number of antenna array elements with optimized First Null Beamwidth (FNBW), simultaneous reduction in Side Lobe Level (SLL) and a fixed half power beam width (HPBW).
Study on precision agriculture monitoring framework based on WSN

The wireless sensor networks (WSN) is one of the most significant technologies in the 21st century. In recent years, achievements in micro-sensor technology and low-power electronics make WSN become into realities in applications. This paper describes a real-deployment of WSN based greenhouse management which is designed and implemented to realize modern precision agriculture. The proposed system can monitor the greenhouse environments, control greenhouse equipment, and provide various and convenient services to consumers with hand-held devices such as a PDA living a farming village. This paper discusses the advantages of using management strategy along wireless sensor-actor network technology for such cost-effective and environmental friendly greenhouse management.
Robustness Testing of the Windows DDK

Modern computers interact with many kinds of external devices, which have lead to a state where device drivers (DD) account for a substantial part of the operating system (OS) code. Currently, most of the systems crashes can be attributed to DD because of flaws contained in their implementation. In this paper, we evaluate how well Windows protects itself from erroneous input coming from faulty drivers. Three Windows versions were considered in this study, Windows XP and 2003 Server, and the future Windows release Vista. Our results demonstrate that in general these OS are reasonably vulnerable, and that a few of the injected faults cause the system to hang or crash. Moreover, all of them handle bad inputs in a roughly equivalent manner, which is worrisome because it means that no major robustness enhancements are to be expected in the DD architecture of the next Windows Vista.
Non-Backtracking Spectrum of Degree-Corrected Stochastic Block Models

Motivated by community detection, we characterise the spectrum of the non-backtracking matrix $B$ in the Degree-Corrected Stochastic Block Model. Specifically, we consider a random graph on $n$ vertices partitioned into two equal-sized clusters. The vertices have i.i. d. weights $\{ \phi_u \}_{u=1}^n$ with second moment $\Phi^{(2)}$. The intra-cluster connection probability for vertices $u$ and $v$ is $\frac{\phi_u \phi_v}{n}a$ and the inter-cluster connection probability is $\frac{\phi_u \phi_v}{n}b$. We show that with high probability, the following holds: The leading eigenvalue of the non-backtracking matrix $B$ is asymptotic to $\rho = \frac{a+b}{2} \Phi^{(2)}$. The second eigenvalue is asymptotic to $\mu_2 = \frac{a-b}{2} \Phi^{(2)}$ when $\mu_2^2 > \rho$, but asymptotically bounded by $\sqrt{\rho}$ when $\mu_2^2 \leq \rho$. All the remaining eigenvalues are asymptotically bounded by $\sqrt{\rho}$. As a result, a clustering positively-correlated with the true communities can be obtained based on the second eigenvector of $B$ in the regime where $\mu_2^2 > \rho. $ In a previous work we obtained that detection is impossible when $\mu_2^2 < \rho,$ meaning that there occurs a phase-transition in the sparse regime of the Degree-Corrected Stochastic Block Model. As a corollary, we obtain that Degree-Corrected Erdős-Renyi graphs asymptotically satisfy the graph Riemann hypothesis, a quasi-Ramanujan property. A by-product of our proof is a weak law of large numbers for local-functionals on Degree-Corrected Stochastic Block Models, which could be of independent interest.
Quantitative aspects of requirements evolution

Requirements evolution is considered as one of the most critical issues in developing computer-based systems. Despite the recognised role of requirements in software engineering, requirements evolution is little understood from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. This paper investigates our ability to understand the requirements evolution process by means of metrics. The empirical investigation of an avionics industrial safety-critical case study, assesses our ability to monitor requirements evolution by evolutionary trends and the Requirements Maturity Index (RMI). We propose an enrichment of the RMI in order to take into account process aspects and history of changes. The empirical results support the models underlying the proposed metrics. The empirical nature of this work allows to replicate the experiment in other industrial contexts and to benefit of our results.
Modelling of binary alloy (Al–Mg) anode evaporation in arc welding

A simple analytical model of binary alloy anode evaporation in gas–tungsten arc and gas–metal arc welding is proposed. The model comprises the model of evaporation in convective and diffusive regimes, model of anode processes and allows one to calculate basic physical properties of multicomponent arc plasma near the anode surface as functions of the anode surface temperature, anode chemical composition, electron temperature and electric current density at the anode surface. Evaporation of binary Al–Mg alloys with different magnesium mass fraction into argon plasma is considered on the basis of the proposed model. The dependences of the alloy boiling temperature on the magnesium mass fraction and electron temperature are presented. Several physical parameters, which are important from the technological point of view (magnesium mass flux, heat loss due to evaporation, anode potential drop, anode heat flux), are calculated for a wide range of anode surface temperature and different values of the magnesium mass fraction. In addition, the influence of heat loss due to evaporation on the total heat flux coming to the anode surface is demonstrated.
Exploring the 4I framework of organisational learning in product development: value stream mapping as a facilitator

Organisational learning (OL) that enhances efficiency and the continuous improvement of processes is a key objective of lean product development and has become an important principle of new product development (NPD). Therefore, it is critical for an organisation to capture individuals’ and groups’ knowledge and learning about processes, institutionalise it, and deploy it organisation-wide. Since OL is more likely to occur if it is supported systematically, NPD scholars and practitioners recognise the importance of investigating facilitators’ effect on OL. However, there is no shared understanding of OL among existing studies. This disparity makes it hard to assess, compare, and integrate prior findings into studies. Our article addresses this gap. We investigate how value stream mapping (VSM) and its implementation in NPD affect OL in development processes. Therefore, we operationalise OL on the basis of Crossan et al . 's 4I framework, which is comprehensive and widely recognised (Crossan, M., Lane, H. and White, R., 1999. An organizational learning framework: from intuition to institution. The Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 522–537). We analysed the approach to VSM and its implementation in four longitudinal, comparative case studies in the German-speaking car supplier industry. Using the 4I framework, we captured VSM's effects on the various OL dimensions. We provide valuable insights for R&D managers who seek to improve their processes and want to implement VSM.
Partitioning Hypergraphs in Scientific Computing Applications through Vertex Separators on Graphs

The modeling flexibility provided by hypergraphs has drawn a lot of interest from the combinatorial scientific community, leading to novel models and algorithms, their applications, and development of associated tools. Hypergraphs are now a standard tool in combinatorial scientific computing. The modeling flexibility of hypergraphs, however, comes at a cost: algorithms on hypergraphs are inherently more complicated than those on graphs, which sometimes translates to nontrivial increases in processing times. Neither the modeling flexibility of hypergraphs nor the runtime efficiency of graph algorithms can be overlooked. Therefore, the new research thrust should be how to cleverly trade off between the two. This work addresses one method for this trade-off by solving the hypergraph partitioning problem by finding vertex separators on graphs. Specifically, we investigate how to solve the hypergraph partitioning problem by seeking a vertex separator on its net intersection graph (NIG), where each net of the hypergraph is represented by a vertex, and two vertices share an edge if their nets have a common vertex. We propose a vertex-weighting scheme to attain good node-balanced hypergraphs, since the NIG model cannot preserve node-balancing information. Vertex-removal and vertex-splitting techniques are described to optimize cut-net and connectivity metrics, respectively, under the recursive bipartitioning paradigm. We also developed implementations of our proposed hypergraph partitioning formulations by adopting and modifying a state-of-the-art graph partitioning by vertex separator tool onmetis. Experiments conducted on a large collection of sparse matrices demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed techniques.
Supplementary material: Gene expression markers of Tumor Infiltrating Leukocytes

In any new tumor dataset, there is a risk that our cell type marker genes will fail to measure their putative cell types due to unexpected biology like tumor-intrinsic expression. Fortunately, the same coexpression patterns we used to validate our genes in TCGA can be applied to confirm their marker-like behavior in a new dataset. We use the below algorithm to identify and remove poorly-performing marker genes in new datasets.
BERNSTEIN-VON MISES THEOREM FOR LINEAR FUNCTIONALS OF THE DENSITY

In this paper, we study the asymptotic posterior distribution of linear functionals of the density by deriving general conditions to obtain a semi-parametric version of the Bernstein–von Mises theorem. The special case of the cumulative distributive function, evaluated at a specific point, is widely considered. In particular, we show that for infinite-dimensional exponential families, under quite general assumptions, the asymptotic posterior distribution of the functional can be either Gaussian or a mixture of Gaussian distributions with different centering points. This illustrates the positive, but also the negative, phenomena that can occur in the study of Bernstein–von Mises results.
Negative Correlation Learning for Customer Churn Prediction: A Comparison Study

Recently, telecommunication companies have been paying more attention toward the problem of identification of customer churn behavior. In business, it is well known for service providers that attracting new customers is much more expensive than retaining existing ones. Therefore, adopting accurate models that are able to predict customer churn can effectively help in customer retention campaigns and maximizing the profit. In this paper we will utilize an ensemble of Multilayer perceptrons (MLP) whose training is obtained using negative correlation learning (NCL) for predicting customer churn in a telecommunication company. Experiments results confirm that NCL based MLP ensemble can achieve better generalization performance (high churn rate) compared with ensemble of MLP without NCL (flat ensemble) and other common data mining techniques used for churn analysis.
Identification and Illustration of Insecure Direct Object References and their Countermeasures

The insecure direct object reference simply represents the flaws in the system design without the full protection mechanism for the sensitive system resources or data. It basically occurs when the web application developer provides direct access to objects in accordance with the user input. So any attacker can exploit this web vulnerability and gain access to privileged information by bypassing the authorization. The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate the real effect and the identification of the insecure direct object references and then to provide the feasible preventive solutions such that the web applications do not allow direct object references to be manipulated by attackers. The experiment of the insecure direct object referencing is carried out using the insecure J2EE web application called WebGoat and its security testing is being performed using another JAVA based tool called BURP SUITE. The experimental result shows that the access control check for gaining access to privileged information is a very simple problem but at the same time its correct implementation is a tricky task. The paper finally presents some ways to overcome this web vulnerability. General Terms Web Vulnerability; Authorization Keywords IDOR; Web Application; Authorization; Access control; Web exploit
Efficacy of Oxycodone for Dyspnea in End-stage Heart Failure with Renal Insufficiency

A 67-year-old man with dilated cardiomyopathy and renal insufficiency was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea secondary to end-stage heart failure. We introduced oxycodone for medically refractory dyspnea instead of morphine because of the patient's renal insufficiency. After the administration of oxycodone, his dyspnea was alleviated without any adverse opioid effects, such as respiratory depression. After treating his heart failure, he was able to leave the intensive care unit. Oxycodone may therefore be a reliable agent for the treatment of dyspnea in patients with end-stage heart failure and renal insufficiency.
Adaptive Hamiltonian and Riemann manifold Monte Carlo samplers

In this paper we address the widely-experienced difficulty in tuning Monte Carlo sampler based on simulating Hamiltonian dynamics. We develop an algorithm that allows for the adaptation of Hamiltonian and Riemann manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo samplers using Bayesian optimization that allows for infinite adaptation of the parameters of these samplers. We show that the resulting samplers are ergodic, and that the use of our adaptive algorithms makes it easy to obtain more efficient samplers, in some cases precluding the need for more complex solutions. Hamiltonian-based Monte Carlo samplers are widely known to be an excellent choice of MCMC method, and we aim with this paper to remove a key obstacle towards the more widespread use of these samplers in practice.
Control Technology of PM2.5 in Coal-Fired Power Plant and Experiment on Dedusting Performance of Typical Filters to PM2.5

People pay more and more attention on the fine particle pollution in the air with the improvement of environmental awareness. Coal-fired power plant is an important source of the fine particle emissions. The principles of three dedusting methods applied in coal-fired power plants were explained, which were electrostatic precipitator, bag deduster and composite electrostatic-bag precipitator. In addition, PM2.5 removal efficiency of three dedusting methods was analyzed and discussed based on the test results. The experiment, with the AFC-131test rig, was carried out on dedusting performance of typical filters, to study the effect of pressure drop of filters on the emission characteristics of PPS filter material of different processing technology and posttreatment.
An exploration of the features of graded student essays using domain−independent natural language processing techniques

This paper presents observations that were made about a corpus of 135 graded student essays by analysing them with a computer program that we are designing to provide automated formative feedback on draft essays. In order to provide individualised feedback to help students to improve their essays, the program carries out automatic essay structure recognition and uses domain-independent graph-based ranking techniques to derive extractive summaries. These procedures generate data concerning an essay’s organisational structure and its discourse structure. We have selected 27 attributes from the data and used them in a comparative analysis of all the essays with a view to informing further development of the feedback program. The results of this analysis suggest that some characteristics of students’ essays that our domain-independent feedback program is measuring may be related to the grades that tutors assign to their essays.
Tmem26 Is Dynamically Expressed during Palate and Limb Development but Is Not Required for Embryonic Survival

The Tmem26 gene encodes a novel protein that we have previously shown to be regulated by hedgehog signalling in the mouse limb. We now report that Tmem26 expression is spatially and temporally restricted in other regions of the mouse embryo, most notably the facial primordia. In particular, Tmem26 expression in the mesenchyme of the maxillary and nasal prominences is coincident with fusion of the primary palate. In the secondary palate, Tmem26 is expressed in the palatal shelves during their growth and fusion but is downregulated once fusion is complete. Expression was also detected at the midline of the expanding mandible and at the tips of the eyelids as they migrate across the cornea. Given the spatio-temporally restricted expression of Tmem26, we sought to uncover a functional role in embryonic development through targeted gene inactivation in the mouse. However, ubiquitous inactivation of Tmem26 led to no overt phenotype in the resulting embryos or adult mice, suggesting that TMEM26 function is dispensable for embryonic survival.
Impact of magnesium:calcium ratio on calcification of the aortic wall

Objective An inverse relationship between serum magnesium concentration and vascular calcification has been reported following observational clinical studies. Moreover, several studies have been suggesting a protective effect of magnesium on the vascular calcification. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive, and investigators have speculated among a myriad of potential actions. The effect of magnesium on calcification of the aortic wall is yet to be investigated. In the present study, the effects of magnesium and calcium on the metabolism of extracellular PPi, the main endogenous inhibitor of vascular calcification, were investigated in the rat aorta. Approach and results Calcium and magnesium have antagonist effects on PPi hydrolysis in the aortic wall. Km and Ki values for PPi hydrolysis in rat aortic rings were 1.1 mmol/L magnesium and 32 μmol/L calcium, respectively, but ATP hydrolysis was not affected with calcium. Calcium deposition in the rat aortic wall dramatically increased when the magnesium concentration was increased (ratio of Mg:Ca = 1:1; 1.5 mmol/L calcium and 1.5 mmol/L magnesium) respect to low magnesium concentration (ratio Mg:Ca = 1:3, 1.5 mmol/L calcium and 0.75 mmol/L magnesium). Conclusion Data from observational clinical studies showing that the serum magnesium concentration is inversely correlated with vascular calcification could be reinterpreted as a compensatory regulatory mechanism that reduces both PPi hydrolysis and vascular calcification. The impact of magnesium in vascular calcification in humans could be studied in association with calcium levels, for example, as the magnesium:calcium ratio.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are still common in a general Western population.

BACKGROUND Results from studies conducted in the late 1980s and early 1990 s showed that gastrointestinal symptoms were common among the general population. Meanwhile, lifestyle habits have changed and important treatment options have been introduced. This might have influenced symptom prevalence. METHODS This study aimed to describe the current prevalence of upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms within the general population. For this purpose, a demographically representative sample of the Dutch population within the city of Nijmegen and surrounding areas was selected after careful comparison with demographic figures from a government demographic database. Participants were invited to fill in a valid self-report questionnaire about gastrointestinal symptoms and prevalence figures were calculated. RESULTS A total of 5000 questionnaires was sent and 1616 (32%) were returned. Of these, 839 (52%) subjects reported having had upper (43%) or lower (38%) gastrointestinal symptoms in the past four weeks. The most prevalent individual symptoms reported were flatulence (47%), abdominal rumbling (40%), bloating (37%), alternating solid and loose stools (31%), belching (25%) and postprandial fullness (25%). People who smoked or used a proton pump inhibitor had an increased risk for reporting upper as well as lower gastrointestinal symptoms (OR 1.99; 95% CI 1.56 to 2.55, and OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.75, respectively for smoking; and OR 3.17; 95% CI 2.17 to 4.72, and OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.49 to 3.08, respectively for PPIs). CONCLUSION Both upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms are very common in a representative sample of a general Western population.