Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
6-DOF computation and marker design for magnetic 3D dexterous motion-tracking system

We describe our approach that derives reliable 6-DOF information including the translation and the rotation of a rigid marker in a 3D space from a set of insufficient 5-DOF measurements. As a practical example, we carefully constructed a prototype and its design and evaluated it in our 3D dexterous motion-tracking system, IM6D, which is our novel real-time magnetic 3D motion-tracking system that uses multiple identifiable, tiny, lightweight, wireless, and occlusion-free markers. The system contains two key technologies; a 6-DOF computation algorithm and a marker design for 6D marker. The 6-DOF computation algorithm computes the result of complete 6-DOF information including translation and rotation in 3D space for a single rigid marker that consists of three LC coils. We propose several possible approaches for implementation, including geometric, matrix-based kinematics, and computational approaches. In addition, we introduce workflow to find an optimal marker design for the system to achieve the best compromise between its smallness and accuracy based on the tracking principle. We experimentally compare the performances of some typical marker prototypes with different layouts of LC coils. Finally, we also show another experimental result to prove the effectiveness of the results from the solutions in these two problems.
Group Handover Scheme Using Adjusted Delay for Multi-Access Networks

In this paper, we propose a group handover scheme in multi-access networks, which utilizes adjusted delay to prevent handover blockings caused by a group handover. In the group handover, a lot of users try to initiate a handover at the same time, which causes network congestion and increases the probability that the handover would be blocked. In our proposed scheme, to prevent these problems of a group handover, each user which participates in the group handover, optimally selects an access point(AP) based on the remaining resources of the AP, and each user initiates a handover after adjusted delay to prevent network congestion. To find an optimal AP selection strategy, we formulate an optimization problem whose objective is to minimize handover blocking probability, and derive an optimal solution by using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition. Through performance analysis and simulation results, we show that our proposed scheme can reduce handover blocking probability in a group handover compared to a conventional scheme and keep handover blocking probability to be less than the maximum allowable value of handover blocking probability.
Multiple View Based Building Modeling with Multi-box Grammar

This paper describes a multiple view based approach for building modeling via a novel multi-box grammar, which represents an occlusion relationship among the projections of a set of buildings sharing a common Manhattan World coordinate system. We formulate the building modeling problem as an energy minimization to combine the constraints from the multi-box grammar with (1) the semantic labeling information from appearance models, (2) the directional information w.r. t the vanishing points in each single view, and (3) the planar homography correspondence among multiple views. We further propose a two-step coarse-to-fine approach to achieve the optimal solution. First we employ super-pixels and a simplified edition of the grammar to reduce the searching space, and obtain an initial layout to accelerate the convergence speed. At the second stage, the scene model is refined to achieve pixel-level accuracy by minimizing the energy using Random Walk. Experiments on street view images demonstrate the capability of our method in reconstructing multiple buildings at different distances, and also the robustness in handling occlusion.
Identification and Classification of Conserved RNA Secondary Structures in the Human Genome

The discoveries of microRNAs and riboswitches, among others, have shown functional RNAs to be biologically more important and genomically more prevalent than previously anticipated. We have developed a general comparative genomics method based on phylogenetic stochastic context-free grammars for identifying functional RNAs encoded in the human genome and used it to survey an eight-way genome-wide alignment of the human, chimpanzee, mouse, rat, dog, chicken, zebra-fish, and puffer-fish genomes for deeply conserved functional RNAs. At a loose threshold for acceptance, this search resulted in a set of 48,479 candidate RNA structures. This screen finds a large number of known functional RNAs, including 195 miRNAs, 62 histone 3′UTR stem loops, and various types of known genetic recoding elements. Among the highest-scoring new predictions are 169 new miRNA candidates, as well as new candidate selenocysteine insertion sites, RNA editing hairpins, RNAs involved in transcript auto regulation, and many folds that form singletons or small functional RNA families of completely unknown function. While the rate of false positives in the overall set is difficult to estimate and is likely to be substantial, the results nevertheless provide evidence for many new human functional RNAs and present specific predictions to facilitate their further characterization.
Disclosure and Monitoring as Predictors of Mother–Adolescent Agreement in Reports of Early Adolescent Rule-Breaking Behavior

The current study tested whether greater monitoring by mothers and greater disclosure by early adolescents was linked to greater agreement in mothers’ and adolescents’ reports of rule-breaking behavior. In doing so, the article demonstrated how polynomial regression analyses can be used to test hypotheses in which informant discrepancies serve as the dependent variable. Data were obtained from 218 mother–adolescent dyads (M adolescent age = 11.5 years, 51% female, 49% European American, 47% African American). Mothers and early adolescents provided reports of their perceptions of maternal monitoring (i.e., solicitation and control through rules), adolescent disclosure, and adolescent rule-breaking behavior. Polynomial regression models tested monitoring and disclosure as moderators of the association between mothers’ and adolescents’ reports of the adolescents’ rule-breaking behavior. Mothers’ reports of rule-breaking behavior were more strongly associated with adolescents’ reports of their own rule-breaking behavior when mothers reported engaging in more solicitation or control through rules. There was less agreement in mothers’ and adolescents’ reports of rule breaking when adolescents reported that their mothers engaged in more solicitation. Adolescent disclosure did not moderate agreement in reported rule-breaking behavior. Greater monitoring by mothers may reduce the discrepancy in mother–adolescent reports of rule-breaking behavior. Findings also demonstrate the greater validity of polynomial regression approaches over difference scores when testing hypotheses with informant agreement as the outcome.
Image Enhancement and Restoration by Image Inpainting

-Inpainting is the process of reconstructing lost or deteriorated part of images based on the background information. i. e . it fills the missing or damaged region in an image utilizing spatial information of its neighboring region. Inpainting algorithm have numerous applications. It is helpfully used for restoration of old films and object removal in digital photographs. The main goal of the algorithm is to modify the damaged region in an image in such a way that the inpainted region is undetectable to the ordinary observers who are not familiar with the original image. This proposed work presents image inpainting process for image enhancement and restoration by using structural, texture and exemplar techniques. This paper presents efficient algorithm that combines the advantages of these two approaches. We first note that exemplar-based texture synthesis contains the essential process required to replicate both texture and structure; the success of structure propagation, however, is highly dependent on the order in which the filling proceeds. We propose a best-first algorithm in which the confidence in the synthesized pixel values is propagated in a manner similar to the propagation of information in inpainting. The actual color values are computed using exemplar-based synthesis. Computational efficiency is achieved by a blockbased sampling process. Keyword--Inpainting, Filling Region, Object Removal, Patch Propagation, structure Synthesis, Texture Synthesis, exemplar Synthesis.
E(cid:30)cient Plane Detection in Multilevel Surface Maps

An automatic system aimed at producing a compact tridimensional description of indoor environments using a mobile 3D laser scanner is described in this paper. The resulting description is made up of a Multi-Level Surface Map (MLSM) and a series of plane patches extracted from the MLSM. We propose a novel plane detection algorithm, a variant of the ef-(cid:28)cient RANSAC algorithm, that operates directly over the data structures of a MLSM and does not need to rely on the low level laser data cloud. The mobile 3D scanner is built from a Hokuyo laser range sensor attached to a 2DOF pan-tilt, which is installed on top of a 3DX Pioneer mobile robot. The 3D spatial information acquired by the laser sensor from di(cid:27)erent poses is used to build a large single map of the environment using the SLAM 6D library. Experimental results demonstrate that the described system is capable of e(cid:30)ciently building compact and accurate 3D representations of complex large indoor environments at multiple semantic levels.
Hierarchical, non-uniform locality sensitive hashing and its application to video identification

Searching for similar video clips in large video database, or video identification, requires finding the nearest neighbor in high-dimensional feature space. Locality sensitive hashing, or LSH, is a well-known indexing method that allows us to efficiently find approximate nearest neighbor in such space. In this paper, we address two weaknesses of LSH when applied to the video identification problem. We propose two enhancements to LSH, and show that our enhancements improve the performance of LSH significantly in terms of efficiency and accuracy
Joint Coded-Precoded OFDM with Low-Complexity Turbo-decoding

We combine error-control coding with linear precoding for flat-fading channels, as well as for wireless OFDM transmissions through frequency-selective fading channels. The performance is analyzed and compared with the standard coded system without precoding. By wedding linear precoding with conventional errorcontrol coding, the diversity order becomes equal to the error-control code’s minimum Hamming distance, times the precoder size. We also derive a low-complexity turbodecoding algorithm for joint coded-precoded transmissions. We analyze the decoding complexity, and compare it with existing alternatives. Extensive simulations with convolutional and turbo codes for HiperLan/2 channels support the analysis, and demonstrate superior performance of the proposed system.
Wear Testing of Seals in Magneto-Rheological Fluids©

Magneto-rheological (MR) fluid-based dampers can be used in suspensions to modify ride, handling, and suspension frequencies in autos. We have developed a unique seal wear test method to simulate the wear of rod seals in Magneto-rheological fluid-based dampers. In this test, seal material samples in the form of rectangular coupons are immersed in a bath of MR fluid, and a section of the rod is brought into contact with the seal coupon. The rod is loaded against the coupon with a known normal force, and a variable-frequency reciprocating machine is used to stroke the rod back and forth across the material coupon surface. Test conditions such as normal load, frequency and amplitude of oscillation, and temperature are adjusted to simulate desired conditions. This bench test method ranks various seal materials qualitatively in the correct order (as determined in field tests with these seal materials) in terms of wear and abrasion resistance and constitutes a valid test procedure for the screening of seal materials, MR fluids, and rod surface coatings.
Blunt Instruments: Avoiding Common Pitfalls in Identifying the Causes of Economic Growth

Concern has intensified in recent years that many instrumental variables used in widely-cited growth regressions may be invalid, weak, or both. Attempts to remedy this general problem remain inadequate. We show how a range of published studies can offer more evidence that their results are not spurious. Key steps include: grounding growth regressions in more generalized theoretical models, deployment of new methods for estimating sensitivity to violations of exclusion restrictions, opening the "black box" of GMM with supportive evidence of instrument strength, and utilization of weak-instrument robust tests and estimators. (JEL C52, E23, F35, O41, O47)
Modelling of embedded PV generation in distribution networks

In recent years the amount of embedded PV generation in distribution networks has increased significantly. Currently, there is no standard approach on how to model the effect of this generation on the network. This paper aims to provide some guidelines on how to model embedded PV generation in distribution networks. A number of approaches are considered the first being a distributed approach to modelling the PV generation with several models located along the LV feeder. Simplification strategies were then identified, with different strategies being more appropriate for different cases. It was identified that for short and medium length feeders with an even distribution of load and PV generation that a single model located in the centre of the feeder would provide acceptable results, while for long feeders a lumped model at the end of the feeder would be more appropriate. The effect of heavier weighting of PV and load at different points on the feeder was also investigated.
Biological suppression of potato ring rot by fluorescent pseudomonads

Three strains of fluorescent pseudomonads (IS-1, IS-2, and IS-3) isolated from potato underground stems with roots showed in vitro antibiosis against 30 strains of the ring rot bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. On the basis of morphological and biochemical tests and fatty acid analysis, IS-1 and IS-2 were identified as Pseudomonas aureofaciens and IS-3 was identified as P. fluorescens biovar III. IS-1 was the most inhibitory to C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus strains in vitro, followed by IS-3 and IS-2. Suppression of ring rot by these antagonists was demonstrated in greenhouse trials with stem-cultured potato (cv. Russet Burbank) seedlings. Although each antagonist significantly reduced C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus populations, only IS-1 reduced infection by C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus. In a second experiment, treatment with IS-1 (10(9) CFU/ml) significantly reduced ring rot infection by 23.4 to 26.7% after 5 to 8 weeks. The average C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus population was also significantly reduced by 50 to 52%. Application of different combinations of antagonist strains was not more effective than single-strain treatment.
MOLECULAR INTERACTION OF ISOALLOXAZINE DERIVATIVES.

Theorell and Kuhn and their co-workers1-5 have presented considerable evidence i-l support of the view that the phosphate group of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) plays an important role in the binding of FMN to the protein component of the "old yellow enzyme," and it seems likely that a similar situation obtains in other FMN-protein systems. It has been suggested that, in the "old yellow enzyme" at physiological values of pH, the negatively charged phosphate group is bound to positively charged amino groups of the protein.4' 5 Less clear is the nature of the interaction between protein and the isoalloxazine portion of FMN. That such interaction occurs is evident from the fact that free FMN and protein-bound FMN differ in absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, and oxidation-reduction potential. Moreover, addition of riboflavin to the protein component of the "old yellow enzyme" leads both to the development of enzymic activity and to quenching of the fluorescence of riboflavin.3 4 The results of the early investigations by Kuhn and his colleagues (reviewed extensively6-9), in which riboflavin analogues and derivatives were examined both for vitamin activity and for ability to give rise to enzymic activity when added to the protein of the "old yellow enzyme," the extensive antimetabolite studies performed in many laboratories,6-9 and the recent kinetic data of Theorell and Nygaard4'5 are all consistent with the idea that the isoalloxazine part of FMN plays a key role in protein-FMN interaction. Such interaction may be expected to differ not only between one FMN-protein and another, but also between reversibly interconvertible states and compounds of a single flavoprotein. This may hold to an even greater extent for the more complex flavin adenine dinucleotide-proteins and metalloflavoproteins. It would seem of interest to examine the linked functions10 of flavoprotein systems in a manner analogous to the systematic study of the heme protein, horseradish peroxidase, now in progress in this laboratory.1 However, whereas studies of heme proteins are facilitated by the availability of considerable information on the interaction of metalloporphyrins with nonprotein ligands,'2 little analogous information exists for isoalloxazine derivatives. In the present communication we report on studies undertaken for purposes of orientation preparatory to more detailed investigations.
Li-ion battery SOC estimation using EKF based on a model proposed by extreme learning machine

In this paper, a method for modeling and estimation of Li-ion battery state of charge (SOC) using extreme learning machine (ELM) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed. The Li-ion battery model from ELM, which is established by training the data from the battery block in MATLAB/Simulation, could describe the dynamics of Li-ion battery very well. And it has higher accuracy and needs less calculation than using the traditional neural networks. Moreover, the battery model and discrete SOC definition equation constitute state-space equations, and EKF is used to estimate the SOC of Li-ion battery. Comparing the actual SOC with the estimated SOC by simulation, it reveals that the method proposed in this paper has good performance on Li-ion battery SOC estimation.
Evaluating the potential utility of ASR n-best lists for incremental spoken dialogue systems

The potential of using ASR n-best lists for dialogue systems has often been recognised (if less often realised): it is often the case that even when the top-ranked hypothesis is erroneous, a better one can be found at a lower rank. In this paper, we describe metrics for evaluating whether the same potential carries over to incremental dialogue systems, where ASR output is consumed and reacted upon while speech is still ongoing. We show that even small N can provide an advantage for semantic processing, at a cost of a computational overhead. Index Terms: dialogue systems, speech recognition, natural language understanding, incrementality
Analysis of Distance Measurement System of Leading Vehicle

Based on the digital image processing theory, a new method of measuring the leading vehicle distance was proposed. The input image using the method of edge enhancement and morphological transformation was established, so the edges of objects were enhanced to identify. The target vehicle was identified and calibrated in the image by using the method of the obstacle detection by segmentation and decision tree. The relationship between coordinates value in image space and the data of the real space plane was established by applying the ray angles. Thus, through accessing to image pixel coordinates of the vehicle, the vehicle's actual position in the plane can be calculated. At last, the leading vehicle distance based on the calculating model of inverse perspective mapping was measured. By using software VC++, an experiment program was made. The experiment results prove that the method of measuring the leading vehicle distance is simple and effective. It can meet the requirement of intelligent vehicle technologies. It is an more available and more advanced method to calculate the leading vehicle distance. The target vehicle was identified and calibrated in the image by using the method of the obstacle detection by segmentation and decision tree. The relationship between coordinates value in image space and the data of the real space.
Using and Refining Simplifications: Explanation-Based Learning of Plans in Intractable Domains

This paper describes an explanation-based approach lo learning plans despite a computationally intractable domain theory. In this approach, the system learns an initial plan using limited inference. In order to detect plans in which the limited inference causes a faulty plan the system monitors goal achievement in plan execution. When a plan unexpectedly fails to achieve a goal (or unexpectedly achieves the goal) a refinement process is triggered in which the system constructs an explanation for the expectation violation. This explanation is then used to refine the plan. By using expectation failures to guide search the learner avoids a computationally intractable exhaustive search involved in constructing a complete proof of the plan. This approach has the theoretical property of convergence upon a sound plan.
Visualizing planar vector fields with normal component using line integral convolution

We present a method for visualizing three dimensional vector fields which are defined on a two dimensional manifold only. These vector fields do exist in real application, as we show by an example of an optical measuring instrument which can gauge the displacement at the surface of a mechanical part. The general idea is to compute LIC textures in the manifold's tangent space and to deform the manifold according to the normal information. The resulting LIC texture is mapped onto the deformed manifold and is rendered as a three dimensional scene. Due to the light's reflection on the deformed manifold, one can interactively explore the result of the deformation.
A New Task Model and Utilization Bound for Uniform Multiprocessors

This paper introduces a new model for describing jobs and tasks for real-time systems. Using this model can improve utilization bounds on uniform multiprocessors, in which each processor has an associated speed. Traditionally, a job executing on a processor of speed s for t units of time will perform s × t units of work. However, this uniform scaling only occurs if tasks are completely CPU bound. In practice, tasks will have some portion of execution that does not scale with the increased CPU speed. Dividing the execution into CPU execution and fixed execution allows the scheduler to place CPU bound tasks on faster processors, as they can take full advantage of the extra speed. This model is used in a new utilization test for EDF scheduling with restricted migration, r-EDF, in which tasks are allowed to migrate, but only at job boundaries. The test is proven to be better than the existing r-EDF test for uniform multiprocessors.