Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Model of Destructive Entrepreneurship: Insight for Conflict and Postconflict Recovery.

The research on entrepreneurship as an economic phenomenon often assumes its desirability as a driver of economic development and growth. However, entrepreneurial talent can be allocated among productive, unproductive and destructive activities. This allocation has important implications in the developing world, particularly for countries hosting conflict or recovering from conflict. The allocation of entrepreneurship is theorized as driven by institutions. Although the trade-off between productive and unproductive entrepreneurship has been examined, destructive entrepreneurship has been largely ignored. We build from existing theory and define destructive entrepreneurship as wealth destroying. We propose three assumptions to develop a model of destructive entrepreneurship that presents the mechanisms through which entrepreneurial talent behaves in this manner. We present four key propositions on the nature and behavior of destructive entrepreneurship. We conclude by identifying research agendas and policy streams, with a focus on relevance to conflict and postconflict recovery.
Instrumenting Atomic Decomposition: Software APIs for OWL

The Atomic Decomposition (AD) of an ontology O is a compact representation of all the modules of O. Besides its theoretical value, it has some practical applications, which include optimised reasoning techniques. In this paper we describe the existing programming APIs that allow for the use of the AD of an ontology in Java and C++ programs.
Self Aware SoC Security to Counteract Delay Inducing Hardware Trojans at Runtime

A major issue of present age system on chip (SoC) designing is meeting of stringent time to market deadlines along with the reduction of various challenges faced during design. A significant strategy adopted in tackling such a problem is to procure different components or IPs (intellectual properties) of the SoC from different third party IP vendors (3PIPs). Such a technique targets independent working of the SoC components and removes the threat of the occurrence of malicious circuitry or Hardware Trojan Horse (HTH) having a distributed architecture. However, trustworthiness of the 3PIP vendors is a concern and possibility exists in the implantation of a HTH in the individual IPs procured from them. In this work, we analyze the effects of such Trojans, which may induce sudden unintentional delays at runtime, affecting the basic security principles of the SoC. We propose a self aware approach which works on the observe-decide-act (ODA) paradigm to counteract the scenario. Existing literature on hardware security generally focus on detection of anomaly, but is silent on organizing low level security mechanisms in such a manner that the high level objective of secure task completion is facilitated at run time. Our proposed methodology not only overcomes this limitation but also ensures security without tampering the IP designs. Experimental analysis is performed using AES crypto SoC architecture. Low overhead in area and power of the security elements as obtained in experimentation supports its applicability for practical SoC applications.
A systematic review of treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa.

OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic review of the effectiveness of various modalities to treat hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and to establish recommendations on its appropriate management. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Cochrane, and PubMed databases. STUDY SELECTION English-language prospective, retrospective, and case studies describing at least 4 patients with HS. DATA EXTRACTION Data quality and validity were addressed by multiple reviewers using independent extraction. DATA SYNTHESIS Studies were categorized as treatments using antibiotics, biological agents, laser surgery, excisional surgery, or miscellaneous modalities. Of 62 publications included in the review, 4 studies met criteria to be assigned the highest grade for quality of evidence. CONCLUSIONS Shown to be effective treatments for HS were a clindamycin-rifampin combination regimen, a course of infliximab, monthly Nd:YAG laser sessions, and surgical excision and primary closure with a gentamicin sulfate-collagen sponge. Most therapies used to treat HS were supported by limited or weak scientific evidence. A treatment approach is presented based on the evidence and on clinical experience at the Follicular Disorders Clinic, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan. This review emphasizes the need for large randomized controlled trials to evaluate treatment options for HS.
Murine endothelial cells support fetal liver erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis via distinct interactions

Endothelial cells are an important component of the haemopoietic microenvironment. To investigate how endothelial cells are involved in haemopoiesis, two established murine endothelial cell lines were assayed in stromal cultures with fetal liver haemopoietic cells. Both endothelial cell lines allowed for the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid and monocyte‐macrophage precursors, suggesting that support for haemopoiesis is a general property of endothelial cells.
Approximate feedback capacity of the Gaussian multicast channel

We characterize the capacity region to within log {2(M - 1)} bits/s/Hz for the M-transmitter K-receiver Gaussian multicast channel with feedback where each receiver wishes to decode every message from the M transmitters. Extending Cover-Leung's achievable scheme intended for (M, K) = (2, 1), we show that this generalized scheme achieves the cutset-based outer bound within log {2(M - 1)} bits per transmitter for all channel parameters. In contrast to the capacity in the nonfeedback case, the feedback capacity improves upon the naive intersection of the feedback capacities of K individual multiple access channels. We find that feedback provides unbounded multiplicative gain at high signal-to-noise ratios as was shown in the Gaussian interference channel. To complement the results, we establish the exact feedback capacity of the Avestimehr-Diggavi-Tse deterministic model, from which we make the observation that feedback can also be beneficial for function computation.
Inter-species inference of gene set enrichment in lung epithelial cells from proteomic and large transcriptomic datasets

Motivation: Translating findings in rodent models to human models has been a cornerstone of modern biology and drug development. However, in many cases, a naive ‘extrapolation’ between the two species has not succeeded. As a result, clinical trials of new drugs sometimes fail even after considerable success in the mouse or rat stage of development. In addition to in vitro studies, inter-species translation requires analytical tools that can predict the enriched gene sets in human cells under various stimuli from corresponding measurements in animals. Such tools can improve our understanding of the underlying biology and optimize the allocation of resources for drug development. Results: We developed an algorithm to predict differential gene set enrichment as part of the sbv IMPROVER (systems biology verification in Industrial Methodology for Process Verification in Research) Species Translation Challenge, which focused on phosphoproteomic and transcriptomic measurements of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) primary cells under various stimuli and corresponding measurements in rat (NRBE) primary cells. We find that gene sets exhibit a higher inter-species correlation compared with individual genes, and are potentially more suited for direct prediction. Furthermore, in contrast to a similar cross-species response in protein phosphorylation states 5 and 25 min after exposure to stimuli, gene set enrichment 6 h after exposure is significantly different in NHBE cells compared with NRBE cells. In spite of this difference, we were able to develop a robust algorithm to predict gene set activation in NHBE with high accuracy using simple analytical methods. Availability and implementation: Implementation of all algorithms is available as source code (in Matlab) at http://bhanot.biomaps. rutgers.edu/wiki/codes_SC3_Predicting_GeneSets. zip, along with the relevant data used in the analysis. Gene sets, gene expression and protein phosphorylation data are available on request. Contact: hormoz@kitp.ucsb. edu
Trusting M-Payments - Realising the Potential of Smart Phones for M-Commerce: A Conceptual Model & Survey of Consumers in Ireland

Consumer adoption of Smart Phones is growing internationally at a phenomenal rate. Smart Phones integrate functionality that previously required numerous technological artifacts. Smart Phones present significant M-Commerce opportunities for all organisations, but such potential has yet to be realised. If such potential is to be realised, the ability of consumers to utilise a Smart Phone to engage with transactional push and pull Smart Mobile Media Services (SMMS), and to make M-Payments for products/services using these devices in an easy, safe, and reliable manner, must be addressed. In response, this paper contributes a conceptual model, tested using an online survey, to explain Irish consumers’ willingness to use Smart Phones to make MPayments for products and services. The empirical findings of the developed PLS model illustrate that the ramifications of this study for the deployment of the two Smart Mobile Media Services (SMMS) models; the push and pull models, are significantly different.
Compatible RMRS representations from RASP and the ERG

Various applications could potentially benefit from the integration of deep and shallow processing techniques. A universal representation, compatible between deep and shallow parsers, would enable such integration, allowing the advantages of both to be combined. This paper describes efforts to make RMRS such a representation. This work was done as part of DeepThought, funded under the 5th Framework Program of the European Commission (contract reference IST-2001-37836).
Incidence of anemia in sirolimus‐treated renal transplant recipients: the importance of preserving renal function *

Sirolimus (SRL) has a concentration‐related effect on hematopoiesis. In this study, 430 renal transplant recipients were randomized (1:1) 3 months post‐transplantation to continue SRL‐cyclosporine (CsA)‐steroids (ST) or to have CsA withdrawn (SRL‐ST). Over 5 years, on therapy calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), hematological indices, erythropoietin (EPO) use, and rates of mild, moderate, and severe anemia were determined. Longitudinal analyses using linear mixed models examined covariates predicting hemoglobin (Hgb) levels. Mean Hgb was significantly lower with SRL‐ST at 6 months; but subsequently became significantly higher (at 2 years, 129 vs. 135 g/l, SRL‐CsA‐ST vs. SRL‐ST, P < 0.001). Mean corpuscular volume was low with both therapies, and significantly lower with SRL‐ST. EPO use was similar in the two groups, approximately 30% during the first year and 10% thereafter. The incidence of anemia was significantly higher with SRL‐CsA‐ST ≥2 years. At year 5, only 39.1% of SRL–CsA–ST patients had normal Hgb vs. 68.5% of SRL–ST patients. GFR and recipient age as well as the interaction term × treatment time were significant covariates predicting Hgb. CsA withdrawal followed by SRL immunotherapy resulted in significantly less anemia than SRL–CsA–ST, despite twofold higher SRL exposure. This suggests that the improvement in GFR accompanying CsA withdrawal may mitigate the effect of SRL on hematopoiesis.
Statistical modeling of spatial traffic distribution with adjustable heterogeneity and B S-correlation in wireless cellular networks

Future generation (5G and beyond) cellular networks have to deal not only with an extreme traffic demand increase, but also an extreme level of heterogeneity in the distribution of that demand in both space and time. Traffic modeling in the time domain has been investigated well in the literature. In the space domain, however, there is a lack of statistical models for the heterogeneous User Equipment (UE) distribution beyond the classical Poisson Point Process (PPP) model. In this paper, we introduce a methodology for the generation and analysis of spatial traffic which allows statistical adjustments. Only two parameters, namely, Coefficient of Variation (CoV) and Correlation Coefficient, are adjusted to control the UE distribution heterogeneity and correlation with Base Stations (BSs). The methodology is applied to cellular networks to show the impact of heterogeneous network geometry on network performance.
Complexes with Mixed Primary and Secondary Cellulose Synthases Are Functional in Arabidopsis Plants1[C][W]

In higher plants, cellulose is synthesized by so-called rosette protein complexes with cellulose synthases (CESAs) as catalytic subunits of the complex. The CESAs are divided into two distinct families, three of which are thought to be specialized for the primary cell wall and three for the secondary cell wall. In this article, the potential of primary and secondary CESAs forming a functional rosette complex has been investigated. The membrane-based yeast two-hybrid and biomolecular fluorescence systems were used to assess the interactions between three primary (CESA1, CESA3, CESA6), and three secondary (CESA4, CESA7, CESA8) Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CESAs. The results showed that all primary CESAs can physically interact both in vitro and in planta with all secondary CESAs. Although CESAs are broadly capable of interacting in pairwise combinations, they are not all able to form functional complexes in planta. Analysis of transgenic lines showed that CESA7 can partially rescue defects in the primary cell wall biosynthesis in a weak cesa3 mutant. Green fluorescent protein-CESA protein fusions revealed that when CESA3 was replaced by CESA7 in the primary rosette, the velocity of the mixed complexes was slightly faster than the native primary complexes. CESA1 in turn can partly rescue defects in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in a cesa8ko mutant, resulting in an increase of cellulose content relative to cesa8ko. These results demonstrate that sufficient parallels exist between the primary and secondary complexes for cross-functionality and open the possibility that mixed complexes of primary and secondary CESAs may occur at particular times.
Insulin-Mediated Signaling Facilitates Resistance to PDGFR Inhibition in Proneural hPDGFB-Driven Gliomas

Despite abundant evidence implicating receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), including the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma (GBM), the clinical use of RTK inhibitors in this disease has been greatly compromised by the rapid emergence of therapeutic resistance. To study the resistance of proneural gliomas that are driven by a PDGFR-regulated pathway to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, we utilized a mouse model of proneural glioma in which mice develop tumors that become resistant to PDGFR inhibition. We found that tumors resistant to PDGFR inhibition required the expression and activation of the insulin receptor (IR)/insulin growth-like factor receptor (IGF1R) for tumor cell proliferation and survival. Cotargeting IR/IGF1R and PDGFR decreased the emergence of resistant clones in vitro. Our findings characterize a novel model of glioma recurrence that implicates the IR/IGF1R signaling axis in mediating the development of resistance to PDGFR inhibition and provide evidence that IR/IGF1R signaling is important in the recurrence of the proneural subtype of glioma in which PDGF/PDGFR is most commonly expressed at a high level. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(4); 705–16. ©2017 AACR.
Location prediction optimisation in WSNs using Kriging interpolation

Many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications rely on precise location or distance information. Despite the potentials of WSNs, efficient location prediction is one of the subsisting challenges. This study presents novel prediction algorithms based on a Kriging interpolation technique. Given that each sensor is aware of its location only, the aims of this work are to accurately predict the temperature at uncovered areas and estimate positions of heat sources. By taking few measurements within the field of interest and by using Kriging interpolation to iteratively enhance predictions of temperature and location of heat sources in uncovered regions, the degree of accuracy is significantly improved. Following a range of independent Monte Carlo runs in different experiments, it is shown through a comparative analysis that the proposed algorithm delivers approximately 98% prediction accuracy.
Second Workshop on New Trends in Content-based Recommender Systems (CBRecSys 2015)

While content-based recommendation has been applied successfully in many different domains, it has not seen the same level of attention as collaborative filtering techniques have. However, there are many recommendation domains and applications where content and metadata play a key role, either in addition to or instead of ratings and implicit usage data. For some domains, such as movies, the relationship between content and usage data has seen thorough investigation already, but for many other domains, such as books, news, scientific articles, and Web pages we still do not know if and how these data sources should be combined to provided the best recommendation performance. The CBRecSys 2015 workshop aims to address this by providing a dedicated venue for papers dedicated to all aspects of content-based recommendation.
An optimal strategy for algorithmic debugging

Algorithmic debugging is a technique that uses an internal data structure to represent computations and ask about their correctness. The strategy used to explore this data structure is essential for the performance of the technique. The most efficient strategy in practice is Divide and Query that, until now, has been considered optimal in the worst case. In this paper we first show that the original algorithm is inaccurate and moreover, in some situations it is unable to find all possible solutions, thus it is incomplete. Then, we present a new version of the algorithm that solves these problems. Moreover, we introduce a counterexample showing that Divide and Query is not optimal, and we propose the first optimal strategy for algorithmic debugging with respect to the number of questions asked by the debugger.
CMOS integrated circuit for sensing applications

In this work, a CMOS integrated circuit (IC) that can be employed to develop an integrated fiber optic sensor based on phase detection technique is presented. The CMOS IC combines the LED driver circuitry, optical detector and phase detector circuitry on a single chip. The designed CMOS IC provides miniaturized, portable, low cost and low power detection for quantifying analytes and for recording excited-state lifetimes ranging from nanoseconds to milliseconds.
Test–retest reliability of disease activity core set measures and indices in rheumatoid arthritis

Aim: To examine the test–retest reliability of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) core disease activity measures and derived composite indices. Methods: A total of 28 stable patients with RA had 2 complete assessments within 1 week, which included the 7 RA core disease activity measures and derived disease activity indices (28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28), Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), RA Disease Activity Index (RADAI) and Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data (RAPID3)). The intraclass correlations (ICC), the smallest detectable difference (SDD) and minimal detectable change as percentage of the maximum score (MDC%) were estimated as measures of test–retest reliability. Results: Correlations for the disease activity indices were high. SDDs (MDC%) to detect a true improvement or deterioration with 95% confidence were: DAS28 1.32 (14.4%), SDAI 8.26 (9.6%), CDAI 8.05 (10.6%), RAPID3 1.48 (14.8%) and RADAI 1.49 (14.9%). Thus, SDDs were rather high, and the MDC% values were of a similar magnitude of 10% to 15% for all seven core data set measures. Conclusions: SDDs of the DAS28, SDAI and CDAI were close to limits to detect important improvement. Clinicians should be aware of measurement error. Nonetheless, RA core data set measures and indices obtained from a health professional, laboratory and patient self-report had similar reliability.
Econométrie des coûts et des contrats dans l'industrie spatiale

Dans cette these nous proposons une methodologie generale de construction d'un modele d'estimation de couts dans une structure multiproduit, adapte au traitement de donnees decoulant a la fois de la comptabilite generale et de la comptabilite analytique de l'entreprise, ainsi qu'aux informations techniques concernant le produit. Ce type de modele englobe les modeles generalement utilises dans l'industrie spatiale pour estimer les couts, en elur donnant un fondement economique. Une analyse empirique a ete realisee a partir d'un echantillon d'equipements electroniques embarques dans les satellites produits par alcatel espace. Dans le cadre d'un modele de reponse a appel d'offres plus general tenant compte des problemes de partage des risques dans les contrats, nous exposons un modele de contrat incitatif entre un principal neutre au risque et un sous-traitant ayant une aversion au risque. Deux tests empiriques de la validite de ce modele sont realises a partir de donnees relatives a des contrats passes entre le centre national d'etudes spatiales et plusieurs entreprises francaises portant sur les grands projets lies a des realisations de satellites.
A code decompression architecture for VLIW processors

In embedded system design, memory has been one of the most restricted resources. Reducing program size has been an important goal when designing an embedded system. Most of the previous work on code compression has targeted RISC architectures. Recently VLIW processors became very popular, particularly for signal processing. Decompression speed is especially important for VLIW architectures given that the length of the instruction word is long. Furthermore, modem VLIW architectures use flexible instruction formats, which require new code compression approaches. Previous work has assumed that instruction positions within the long instruction word correspond to specific functional units. In contrast, our code compression algorithm is capable of compressing flexible instruction formats, where any functional unit can be used for any position in the instruction word. We demonstrate our methods by applying it to the TMS320C6x architecture. We also compare two techniques for decompressing the VLIW instruction packet to reduce the decompression time. A fast parallel decompression architecture is described, which is implemented in TSMC 0.25 technology.
Boşanmış Aile Çocuklarına Hemşirelik Yaklaşımı

Bosanma, aile yasam dongusu icinde gelisen ve aile uyelerinin rollerinde degisime yol acarak, psikolojik dengeyi bozan kriz durumudur. Ozellikle bas etme becerileri sinirli olan cocuklar icin stresli, kafa karistirici, bas etmesi zor ve karmasik bir surectir. Yapilan arastirmalar, bosanmis aile cocuklarinin diger cocuklara oranla ebeveyn iliskileri, psikolojik, davranissal ve akademik yasamlarinin daha sorunlu oldugunu ortaya koymustur. Buna ek olarak, bu cocuklarda ruhsal sorun gelisme riskinin iki kat daha fazla oldugu belirtilmektedir. Hemsireler, toplumdaki risk gruplarini belirlemede ve bu gruplara yonelik koruyucu, onleyici mudahaleler gelistirmede anahtar kisi rolundedir. Bu makalede, bosanmis aile cocuklarinin yasadigi sorunlari tanimlayabilmek, bu gruba ozgu hemsirelik yaklasimlarini ortaya koymak ve hemsirelerin bu konudaki farkindaliklarini artirmak amaclanmistir.