Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psykodiagnostiske metoder ved demens hos eldre

Thorough diagnostic evaluation of elderly patients with signs and symptoms of dementia is necessary because 10-20% suffer from reversible organic or functional disorders. The diagnostic evaluation includes comprehensive clinical examination with blood tests and non-invasive investigation of the brain. The diagnostic programme should also include mental tests and/or rating scales for the assessment of mental capacity, emotional disturbances and motor deficits. Numerous tests and rating scales have been developed both for screening purposes and overall assessment. The use of mental tests and dementia rating scales in the hand of the clinician is discussed in this paper.
Using VR in Learning and Teaching

This paper investigates the use of a Virtual Reality (VR) simulation (The Underground Station Evacuation Simulator- USES) that was initially developed to explore mass emergency behaviour experimentally (see Drury & Cocking, 2007). However, since January 2009, I have been using the USES to teach Research Methods to 1st year Undergraduate Psychology Students, and realised that it can also be useful in teaching students about theories relating to the psychology of crowd behaviour. Therefore, I investigated the effectiveness of the USES as a teaching tool to explore its potential educational benefits.
Axolotl Nanog activity in mouse embryonic stem cells demonstrates that ground state pluripotency is conserved from urodele amphibians to mammals

Cells in the pluripotent ground state can give rise to somatic cells and germ cells, and the acquisition of pluripotency is dependent on the expression of Nanog. Pluripotency is conserved in the primitive ectoderm of embryos from mammals and urodele amphibians, and here we report the isolation of a Nanog ortholog from axolotls (axNanog). axNanog does not contain a tryptophan repeat domain and is expressed as a monomer in the axolotl animal cap. The monomeric form is sufficient to regulate pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells, but axNanog dimers are required to rescue LIF-independent self-renewal. Our results show that protein interactions mediated by Nanog dimerization promote proliferation. More importantly, they demonstrate that the mechanisms governing pluripotency are conserved from urodele amphibians to mammals.
The Potential of the Yeast Debaryomyces hansenii H525 to Degrade Biogenic Amines in Food

Twenty-six yeasts from different genera were investigated for their ability to metabolize biogenic amines. About half of the yeast strains produced one or more different biogenic amines, but some strains of Debaryomyces hansenii and Yarrowia lipolytica were also able to degrade such compounds. The most effective strain D. hanseniii H525 metabolized a broad spectrum of biogenic amines by growing and resting cells. Degradation of biogenic amines by this yeast isolate could be attributed to a peroxisomal amine oxidase activity. Strain H525 may be useful as a starter culture to reduce biogenic amines in fermented food.
Understanding LiP Promoters from Phanerochaete chrysosporium: A Bioinformatic Analysis

Sergio Lobos1, Ruben Polanco2, Mario Tello3, Dan Cullen4, Daniela Seelenfreund1 and Rafael Vicuna5 1Laboratorio de Bioquimica, Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile 2Escuela de Bioquimica, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello 3 Centro de Biotecnologia Acuicola, Universidad de Santiago de Chile. 4USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI 53726, 5 Departamento de Genetica Molecular y Microbiologia, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile and Millennium Institute for Fundamental and Applied Biology 1,2,3,5Chile 4USA
Antecedents of Situated Learning in Stressful Service Experiences: A Cross-Cultural Study

ABSTRACT Extant consumer behavior research has alluded to consumer learning; however, little research exists regarding situated learning and its antecedents with respect to stressful service experiences. Through this research, we qualitatively and quantitatively examine the topic of situated or in situ learning in two cultural contexts—that of the U.S. and China. Results demonstrate the importance of situated learning in dealing with stressful service encounters. The search for possibilities positively impacted situated learning for both U.S. and Chinese consumers. Unlike their U.S. counterparts, Chinese consumers initiated the process of learning long before experiencing the actual service, learned more because of uncertainty of service standards, and stressed the importance of timely decision making as ways to learn and reduce stress. Interestingly, U.S. participants discussed the importance of empathy from service providers, trust, and propensity for upfront feedback in enhancing learning. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided.
ASR Word Lattice Translation with Exhaustive Reordering is Possible

This paper shows how ASR word lattices can be translated even when exhaustive reordering is required for good translation quality. We propose a method for labeling lattice word hypotheses with position information derived from a confusion network (CN). This information is effectively used in the statistical phrase-based machine translation (MT) search to reduce its complexity, which makes even long-range reordering possible. The proposed method has the beneﬁts of the CN-based MT without having its theoretical drawbacks. We compare our novel search with the search based on single-best recognition output and on confusion networks. We obtain signiﬁcant improvements on two translation tasks over the single-best search and gain over the CN search on a task requiring heavy reordering.
Running Up Those Hills: Multi-modal search with the niching migratory multi-swarm optimiser

We present a new multi-modal evolutionary opti-miser, the niching migratory multi-swarm optimiser (NMMSO), which dynamically manages many particle swarms. These sub-swarms are concerned with optimising separate local modes, and employ measures to allow swarm elements to migrate away from their parent swarm if they are identified as being in the vicinity of a separate peak, and to merge swarms together if they are identified as being concerned with the same peak. We employ coarse peak identification to facilitate the mode identification required. Swarm members are not constrained to particular sub-regions of the parameter space, however members are initialised in the vicinity of a swarm's local mode estimate. NMMSO is shown to cope with a range of problem types, and to produce results competitive with the state-of-the-art on the CEC 2013 multi-modal optimisation competition test problems, providing new benchmark results in the field.
Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Decreasing Suicidal Ideation and Hopelessness of the Adolescents with Previous Suicidal Attempts

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (CBT) for suicide prevention in decreasing suicidal ideation and hopelessness in a sample of depressed 12 to 18 year-old adolescents who had at least one previous suicidal attempt. Methods In a clinical trial, 30 depressed adolescents who attempted suicide in the recent 3 months were selected using simple sampling method and divided randomly into intervention and wait-list control groups. Both groups received psychiatric interventions as routine. The intervention group received a 12 session (once a week) of CBT program according to the package developed by Stanley et al, including psychoeducational interventions and individual and family skills training modules. All of the patients were evaluated by Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Beck's hopelessness Inventory, and Beck's Depression Inventory before the intervention and after 12 weeks. Findings There were significant differences between the two groups regarding the scores of the above mentioned scales after 12 weeks. Fifty-four to 77 percent decreases in the mean scores of the used scales were observed in the invention group. There were no significant changes in the scores of the control wait-list group. The differences between pre- and post-intervention scores in the intervention group were significant. Conclusion CBT is an effective method in reducing suicidal ideation and hopelessness in the depressed adolescents with previous suicidal attempts.
Chimeric Nectin1-Poliovirus Receptor Molecules Identify a Nectin1 Region Functional in Herpes Simplex Virus Entry

ABSTRACT Human nectin1 (hNectin1), an adhesion molecule belonging to the nectin family of the immunoglobulin superfamily, mediates entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV) into cells. The hNectin1 domain that mediates virus entry into cells and also binds glycoprotein D (gD) has been localized to the first N-terminal V-type domain. The poliovirus receptor (PVR) is a structural homolog to nectins, but it cannot function as an HSV entry receptor. hNectin1-PVR chimeras were constructed to functionally locate the site on hNectin1 involved in HSV entry (HSV entry site). The epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) R1.302, which is able to block HSV entry, was also located. The chimeric receptors were designed to preserve the overall structure of the V domain. The HSV entry activity mapped entirely to the hNectin1 portion located between residues 64 and 94 (64-94), likely to encode the C, C′, and C" β-strands and intervening loops. In turn, this site consisted of two portions: one with low-level basal activity for HSV entry (77-94), and one immediately upstream (residues 64 to 76) which greatly enhanced the HSV entry activity of the downstream region. The gD-binding site mapped substantially to the same site, whereas the MAb R1.302 epitope also required a further downstream portion (95-102). The involvement of the 64-76 portion is at difference with previous indirect mapping results that were based on competitive binding studies (C. Krummenacher et al., J. Virol. 74:10863–10872, 2000). The A, A′, B, D, E, F, and G β-strands and intervening loops did not appear to play any role in HSV entry. According to the predicted three-dimensional structure of PVR, the C C′ C" site is located peripherally in the V domain and very likely represents an accessible portion at the cell surface.
Adaptively Secure Broadcast Encryption with Small System Parameters

We build the first public-key broadcast encryption systems that simultaneously achieve adaptive security against arbitrary number of colluders, have small system parameters, and have security proofs that do not rely on knowledge assumptions or complexity leveraging. Our schemes are built from either composite order multilinear maps or obfuscation and enjoy a ciphertext overhead, private key size, and public key size that are all poly-logarithmic in the total number of users. Previous broadcast schemes with similar parameters are either proven secure in a weaker static model, or rely on non-falsifiable knowledge assumptions.
RP105 Engages Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase p110δ To Facilitate the Trafficking and Secretion of Cytokines in Macrophages during Mycobacterial Infection

Cytokines are key regulators of adequate immune responses to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We demonstrate that the p110δ catalytic subunit of PI3K acts as a downstream effector of the TLR family member RP105 (CD180) in promoting mycobacteria-induced cytokine production by macrophages. Our data show that the significantly reduced release of TNF and IL-6 by RP105−/− macrophages during mycobacterial infection was not accompanied by diminished mRNA or protein expression. Mycobacteria induced comparable activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling in wild-type (WT) and RP105−/− macrophages. In contrast, mycobacteria-induced phosphorylation of Akt was abrogated in RP105−/− macrophages. The p110δ-specific inhibitor, Cal-101, and small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of p110δ diminished mycobacteria-induced TNF secretion by WT but not RP105−/− macrophages. Such interference with p110δ activity led to reduced surface-expressed TNF in WT but not RP105−/− macrophages, while leaving TNF mRNA and protein expression unaffected. Activity of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase was required for RP105-mediated activation of Akt phosphorylation and TNF release by mycobacteria-infected macrophages. These data unveil a novel innate immune signaling axis that orchestrates key cytokine responses of macrophages and provide molecular insight into the functions of RP105 as an innate immune receptor for mycobacteria.
Fish Product Mislabelling: Failings of Traceability in the Production Chain and Implications for Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing

Increasing consumer demand for seafood, combined with concern over the health of our oceans, has led to many initiatives aimed at tackling destructive fishing practices and promoting the sustainability of fisheries. An important global threat to sustainable fisheries is Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, and there is now an increased emphasis on the use of trade measures to prevent IUU-sourced fish and fish products from entering the international market. Initiatives encompass new legislation in the European Union requiring the inclusion of species names on catch labels throughout the distribution chain. Such certification measures do not, however, guarantee accuracy of species designation. Using two DNA-based methods to compare species descriptions with molecular ID, we examined 386 samples of white fish, or products labelled as primarily containing white fish, from major UK supermarket chains. Species specific real-time PCR probes were used for cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) to provide a highly sensitive and species-specific test for the major species of white fish sold in the UK. Additionally, fish-specific primers were used to sequence the forensically validated barcoding gene, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Overall levels of congruence between product label and genetic species identification were high, with 94.34% of samples correctly labelled, though a significant proportion in terms of potential volume, were mislabelled. Substitution was usually for a cheaper alternative and, in one case, extended to a tropical species. To our knowledge, this is the first published study encompassing a large-scale assessment of UK retailers, and if representative, indicates a potentially significant incidence of incorrect product designation.
Adolescents' experiences of inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa

Objective This qualitative study aimed to provide a detailed description of how adolescents experience inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 young women in two inpatient eating disorder units. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Participants expressed both positive and negative views of their inpatient treatment; their accounts were characterized by conflicts and dilemmas. Five themes were identified: (1) What is this illness that I have? (2) Do I want to get well? (3) Being with others: support vs distress; (4) Being an individual vs just another anorexic; and (5) Collaborating in treatment vs being treated. Discussion The stages of change model provides a useful framework for understanding the experience of inpatient treatment. The findings suggest several ways in which inpatient units might more effectively meet the needs of adolescents with anorexia. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Hedonic tone is associated with left supero-lateral medial forebrain bundle microstructure

Background. The medial forebrain bundle (MFB) is an important pathway of the reward system. Two branches have been described using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based tractography: the infero-medial MFB (imMFB) and the supero-lateral MFB (slMFB). Previous studies point to white-matter microstructural alterations of the slMFB in major depressive disorder (MDD) during acute episodes. To extend this finding, this study investigates whether white-matter microstructure is also altered in MDD patients that are in remission. Further, we explore associations between diffusion MRI-based metrics of white-matter microstructure of imMFB, slMFB and hedonic tone, the ability to derive pleasure. Method. Eighteen remitted depressed (RD) and 22 never depressed (ND) participants underwent high angular resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (HARDI) scans. To reconstruct the two pathways of the MFB (imMFB and slMFB) we used the damped Richardson–Lucy (dRL) algorithm. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) was sampled along the tracts. Results. Mean FA of imMFB, slMFB and a comparison tract (the middle cerebellar peduncle) did not differ between ND and RD participants. Hedonic capacity correlated negatively with mean FA of the left slMFB, explaining 21% of the variance. Conclusions. Diffusion MRI-based metrics of white-matter microstructure of the MFB in RD do not differ from ND. Hedonic capacity is associated with altered white-matter microstructure of the slMFB.
Fast cerebral flow territory mapping using vessel encoded dynamic arterial spin labeling (VE‐DASL)

Whole‐brain territory mapping using planning‐free vessel‐encoded pseudocontinuous arterial‐spin‐labeling (VE‐pCASL) takes approximately 5 min, which is frequently considered too long for standard clinical protocols. In this study, vessel‐encoded dynamic‐ASL (VE‐DASL) is optimized to achieve fast (< 30 s) cerebral flow territory mapping, especially aimed for the acute setting.
Linking simulation with formal verification at a higher level

We use simulation to bridge the gap between specification and formal verification of high-level models and simulation of RTL models. The authors apply their practical, two-phase procedure for defining the refinement map to the Alpha 21364 multiprocessing hardware. The methodology and tools they present can improve simulation coverage. Our technique verifies that a hardware design described at the RTL is a correct implementation of an algorithm-level, executable formal specification. We use a high-level formal specification as the basis for monitoring functional correctness, measuring simulation coverage, and generating test cases.
Survival of Cultured Neurons from Amyloid Precursor Protein Knock-Out Mice against Alzheimer’s Amyloid-β Toxicity and Oxidative Stress

Studies on the amyloid precursor protein (APP) have suggested that it may be neuroprotective against amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity and oxidative stress. However, these findings have been obtained from either transfection of cell lines and mice that overexpress human APP isoforms or pretreatment of APP-expressing primary neurons with exogenous soluble APP. The neuroprotective role of endogenously expressed APP in neurons exposed to Aβ or oxidative stress has not been determined. This was investigated using primary cortical and cerebellar neuronal cultures established from APP knock-out (APP−/−) and wild-type (APP+/+) mice. Differences in susceptibility to Aβ toxicity or oxidative stress were not found between APP−/− and APP+/+ neurons. This observation may reflect the expression of the amyloid precursor-like proteins 1 and 2 (APLP1 and APLP2) molecules and supports the theory that APP and the APLPs may have similar functional activities. Increased expression of cell-associated APLP2, but not APLP1, was detected in Aβ-treated APP−/− and APP+/+ cultures but not in H2O2-treated cultures. This suggests that the Aβ toxicity pathway differs from other general forms of oxidative stress. These findings show that Aβ toxicity does not require an interaction of the Aβ peptide with the parental molecule (APP) and is therefore distinct from prion protein neurotoxicity that is dependent on the expression of the parental cellular prion protein.
Parking with the essential matrix without short baseline degeneracies

This paper addresses the problem of visual control of a mobile robot. The system consists of a calibrated camera fixed onboard a robot with nonholonomic motion constraints. The parking task is defined by a reference image taken at the target location. The proposed control law is based on the essential matrix, but unlike traditional methods, it is not used to compute pose parameters. Instead, the control law is defined directly in terms of individual entries of the essential matrix by means of the input-output linearization of the system. Here we solve the problem of degeneracies due to short baseline by taking advantage of the planar motion constraint of the robot. Thus, a virtual target is defined providing a stable estimation of the essential matrix without degeneracies despite short baseline.
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology Identification of Human and Mouse Catsper3 and Catsper4 Genes: Characterisation of a Common Interaction Domain and Evidence for Expression in Testis

Background: CatSper1 and CatSper2 are two recently identified channel-like proteins, which show sperm specific expression patterns. Through targeted mutagenesis in the mouse, CatSper1 has been shown to be required for fertility, sperm motility and for cAMP induced Ca 2+ current in sperm. Both channels resemble a single pore forming repeat from a four repeat voltage dependent Ca 2+ /Na + channel. However, neither CatSper1 or CatSper2 have been shown to function as cation channels when transfected into cells, singly or in conjunction. As the pore forming units of voltage gated cation channels form a tetramer it has been suggested that the known CatSper proteins require additional subunits and/or interaction partners to function.
Symptomatic Bochdalek Hernia in Pregnancy: A Rare Case Report

Introduction Symptomatic Bochdalek hernia in pregnancy is quite rare. To the best of our knowledge, there are a total of 44 cases reported in the literature between 1959 and 2016 (Hernández-Aragon et al., 2015; Koca et al., 2016). Difficulty and delay in diagnosis may lead to life-threatening complications. Case Report We report a case of Bochdalek hernia during the 30 gestational weeks' pregnancy in whom pregnancy continued after surgical repair which resulted in term birth. Discussion Bochdalek hernia is diagnosed with an incidence of 1 in 2200–12500 live births, while symptomatic diaphragm hernia is much less in adults. The actual incidence of diaphragmatic hernias during pregnancy is still unknown. Symptoms may include abdominal distension, recurrent abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, inability to defecate, dyspnea, and chest pain. The patient with diaphragmatic hernia may be asymptomatic until the late weeks of gestation, as in our case, or herniation may occur during advanced gestational weeks with increased intraabdominal pressure. Conclusion In conclusion, diagnosis of the diaphragm hernia during pregnancy is very rare. Diagnosis is rarer in symptomatic patients due to its rarity and the duration of diagnosis may, therefore, be delayed. Diaphragm hernia should be kept in mind in symptomatic patients due to its high maternal and fetal mortality rates.