Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Ontology-Based Modeling of Context-Aware In-Car Infotainment Systems - Benchmark Infrastructure and Design Guidelines

Context-aware systems, such as in-car infotainment systems, aim at improving the interaction between computers and humans by using contextual information about the system, the user and the environment. Previous work has shown that ontologies have significant benefits for modeling such context-aware systems, e.g., when inferring knowledge. However, the potential performance impact on the overall system when adopting ontologies, especially with rules, to model context-awareness is yet unknown. In this paper, we introduce a benchmark infrastructure and perform benchmarks on multiple ontologies of context-aware systems in order to determine factors that influence performance. From the results of these benchmarks, we derive guidelines for designing ontologies with rules for context-aware systems. These guidelines allow making conscious decisions about performance trade-offs and, in consequence, may improve suitability of ontologies for use in implementing industrial context-aware systems as they guide the creation of high-performance ontology-based context-aware systems.
Individual and Contextual Influences on Adolescent Smoking

Abstract: Cigarette smoking among adolescents remains one of the most important public health challenges. Despite much attention to research on the etiology of smoking, notably the examination of factors that differentiate adolescent smokers from never smokers, much less is known about factors that predict the development of dependence once an adolescent tries smoking. This paper reviews individual and contextual influences on the progression of smoking among adolescents. Highlights include a consideration of multiple levels of influence, from intra‐individual factors, such as genetics, demographics, temperament and comorbidities, to social influences, such as families and peers, to the more macro, societal/cultural levels of influence, including advertising and tobacco‐related policies. More recent work examining microcontextual influences through the use of Ecological Momentary Assessments is also discussed. Finally, the need to consider both developmental and transdisciplinary approaches to understanding the development of nicotine dependence in adolescents is emphasized.
Improving interaction with radiosity-based lighting simulation programs

We describe the main algorithms used in an interactive lighting simulation program based on a two-pass extension of the radiosity method. The system allows interactive walk-through as other systems based on radiosity calculations. Moreover, it offers increased realism in the lighting effects by use of extended form factors which accounts for "specular reflection of diffuse light", fast production and display of progressively refined images by distribution of the calculations, good quality of the images in the early stages of the refinement by the use of "hardware light sources", "cheap" rendering of some of the specular highlights at any time by use of the built-in specular shading model, lighting modification (color, intensity of the light sources) by use of "negative light", fast simulation of mirror effects and interactive tools for controling the quality of the final image.
Sexual fantasy as a clinical intervention

This study describes how a sample of six psychosexual therapists regard the use of sexual fantasy in their work with couples presenting with sexual dysfunctions. The study used a qualitative approach, adopting a thematic analysis to explore the common threads in the therapists’ experiences. Five themes emerged from analysis: The importance of fantasizing, Help with fantasizing, Accepting fantasies, Assessing disclosure of fantasies and Partner replacement fantasies as necessary. The research highlights the importance of an informal attachment assessment of the partners before the introduction of fantasy. It also briefly considers the possibilities of an approach to “fantasy training” that takes into account how Schnarch’s concept of “differentiation” might help to promote personal growth and couple intimacy.
Europe and the Nation: Austrian EU-Scepticism and Its Contestation

This discussion of EU-scepticism and its contestation in contemporary Austria is based on a qualitative, discourse analytical reading of the country's diverse media over recent years. Focusing in particular on news coverage and readers' letters pertaining to various (perceived) European crises, the analysis draws on the concepts of topoi (or ‘structures of argument’) and deixis (or ‘rhetorical pointing’) to examine the following four thematic foci, around which different positions of EU-scepticism, pragmatism and pro-European counter-discourses are variously formulated and argued over: the role and effects of (global) markets; a spectrum of competing identifications; frameworks of memory and prediction; debates about the EU's institutional structures and different political visions. The internally heterogeneous and strongly contested discursive field thus revealed also demonstrates the uneasy coexistence of various, more or less rigid discourses of national identity with emerging forms of ‘banal Europeanism’. While focused on Austrian data throughout, this analysis also points towards discursive parallels in other parts of the EU and argues for the value of qualitative analyses of EU-scepticism and its counter-discourses to complement existing quantitative studies.
A Cost-Efficient Cloud Gaming System at Scale

This article proposes a transparent gaming (TG) cloud system that allows users to play any popular high-end desktop game on the fly over the Internet. Toward this goal, we have introduced the TG-SHARE technology to share the underlying hardware capabilities, particularly for the GPU and the dedicated compression acceleration unit (XCODER). TG-SHARE utilizes offthe- shelf consumer GPUs without resorting to expensive proprietary GPU virtualization technology (e.g., GRID from NVIDIA). XCODER adapts the compression based on the network dynamics, learned gaming behaviors, and hardware resources to significantly reduce bandwidth consumption. Google's webRTC protocol is integrated to offer real-time interaction and ubiquitous access from heterogeneous devices. Compared to the existing cloud gaming vendor using the GRID technology, our TG-SHARE not only reduces the expense per user (i.e., 75 percent hardware cost reduction, 20-40 percent network cost reduction), but also improves the quality of experience with higher rate of frames per second (i.e., 2 x FPS).
Automatic morphological analysis for acute leukemia identification in peripheral blood microscope images

The early identification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia symptoms in patients can greatly increase the probability of recovery. Nowadays the leukemia disease can be identified by automatic specific tests such as Cytogenetics and Immunophenotyping and morphological cell classification made by experienced operators observing blood/marrow microscope images. Those methods are not included into large screening programs and are applied only when typical symptoms appears in normal blood analysis. The Cytogenetics and Immunophenotyping diagnostic methods are currently preferred for their great accuracy with respect to the method of blood cell observation which presents undesirable drawbacks: slowness and it presents a not standardized accuracy since it depends on the operator's capabilities and tiredness. Conversely, the morphological analysis just requires an image -not a blood sample- and hence is suitable for low-cost and remote diagnostic systems. The presented paper shows the effectiveness of an automatic morphological method to identify the Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia by peripheral blood microscope images. The proposed system firstly individuates in the blood image the leucocytes from the others blood cells, then it selects the lymphocyte cells (the ones interested by acute leukemia), it evaluates morphological indexes from those cells and finally it classifies the presence of the leukemia.
TagATune: A Game for Music and Sound Annotation

Annotations of audio ﬁles can be used to search and index music and sound databases, provide data for system evaluation, and generate training data for machine learning. Unfortunately, the cost of obtaining a comprehensive set of annotations manually is high. One way to lower the cost of labeling is to create games with a purpose that people will voluntarily play, producing useful metadata as a by-product. TagATune is an audio-based online game that aims to extract descriptions of sounds and music from human players. This paper presents the rationale, design and preliminary results from a pilot study using a prototype of TagATune to label a subset of the FreeSound database.
IMPACT EVALUATION SERIES NO . 14 Housing , Health and Happiness *

Despite the importance of housing for people’s well-being, there is little evidence on the causal impact of housing and housing improvement programs on health and welfare. In this paper, we help to fill this gap by investigating the impact of a largescale effort by the Mexican Government to replace dirt floors with cement floors on child health and adult happiness. We find that replacing dirt floors with cement floors significantly improves the health of young children. Specifically, we find that a complete substitution of dirt floors by cement floors in a house leads to a 78 percent reduction in parasitic infestations, 49 percent reduction in diarrhea, 81 percent reduction in anemia and a 36 to 96 percent improvement in cognitive development. Additionally, we find that replacing dirt floors by cement floors significantly improves adult welfare, as measured by increased satisfaction with their housing and quality of life, as well as significantly lower rates of depression and perceived stress. JEL: I12, I38 and H43.
Design and Analysis of a Graphical Password Scheme

Graphical passwords are believed to be more secure than traditional textual passwords, but the authentications are usually complex and boring for users. Furthermore, most of the existing graphical password schemes are vulnerable to spyware and shoulder surfing. A novel graphical password scheme ColorLogin is proposed in this paper. ColorLogin is implemented in an interesting game way to weaken the boring feelings of the authentication. ColorLogin uses background color, a method not previously considered, to decrease login time greatly. Multiple colors are used to confuse the peepers, while not burdening the legitimate users. Meanwhile, the scheme is resistant to shoulder surfing and intersection attack to a certain extent. Experiments illustrate the effectiveness of ColorLogin.
Bayesian Inference Explains Perception of Unity and Ventriloquism Aftereffect: Identification of Common Sources of Audiovisual Stimuli

We study a computational model of audiovisual integration by setting a Bayesian observer that localizes visual and auditory stimuli without presuming the binding of audiovisual information. The observer adopts the maximum a posteriori approach to estimate the physically delivered position or timing of presented stimuli, simultaneously judging whether they are from the same source or not. Several experimental results on the perception of spatial unity and the ventriloquism effect can be explained comprehensively if the subjects in the experiments are regarded as Bayesian observers who try to accurately locate the stimulus. Moreover, by adaptively changing the inner representation of the Bayesian observer in terms of experience, we show that our model reproduces perceived spatial frame shifts due to the audiovisual adaptation known as the ventriloquism aftereffect.
Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry – Application in the Clinical Laboratory

Abstract This review provides a concise survey of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-TMS) as an emerging technology in clinical chemistry. The combination of two mass spectrometers with an interposed collision cell characterizes LC-TMS as an analytical technology on its own and not just as a more specific detector for HPLC compared with conventional techniques. In LC-TMS, liquid chromatography is rather used for sample preparation but not for complete resolution of compounds of interest. The instrument technology of LC-TMS is complex and comparatively expensive; however, in routine use, methods are far more rugged compared to conventional chromatographic techniques and enable high-throughput analyses with very limited manual handling steps. Moreover, compared to both gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and conventional HPLC techniques, LC-TMS is substantially more versatile with respect to the spectrum of analyzable compounds. For these reasons it is likely that LC-TMS will gain far more widespread use in the clinical laboratory than HPLC and GC-MS ever did. In this article, the key features of LC-TMS are described, method development is explained, typical fields of application are discussed, and personal experiences are related.
An Efficient Application-Device Matching Method for the Mobile Software Ecosystem

In the mobile software ecosystem, a method that finds out the applications that are compatible with the device of an end user is called application-device matching. In the current mobile software environment, the device fragmentation causes substantial degree of inaccuracy in matching applications with devices as the traditional platform-centric method handles only the features of platform vendors without considering the unique feature set of a certain device, such as device-manufacturer's features, resulting in a low accuracy in matching applications and devices. This paper proposes a new matching method that is device-centric, which achieves high accuracy in application-device matching by grouping features of existing devices and then using it as criteria of application-device matching. To demonstrate the performance of our method, we conduct a case study with 22 devices and 10 applications in the Google Android mobile software ecosystem. The result of case study shows our proposed method shows a higher accuracy.
Towards knowledge leadership

This paper seeks some answers to the question “What should leaders actually do in their units if they want to support learning which contributes to the capability of the organization”. This study represents one step in conceptualising and empirically examining knowledge leadership. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. As a result of a qualitative study hypothetical ideal model emerged, on the basis of which an instrument of evaluation was created. By means of this it was possible to verify the ideal model with respect to the empirical material and study the implementation of the phenomenon in practice. Factor analysis showed that the most central dimensions of knowledge management are orienteering learning, creating climate that supports learning, supporting learning process at group and individual level, and being a role model. Furthermore, it is explained how knowledge management is manifested in the activity of the leaders.
The Argonne National Laboratory

This article describing the history, organization, and future plans of the Argonne National Laboratory is the first of a series on the AEC laboratories which the editors hope to present in the course of the next few months. Dr. Daniels was Director of the Metallurgical Laboratory at Chicago from July 1945 to July 1946 when he returned to his chair of Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin. Dr. Daniels retired in May as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Argonne Laboratory, a position he has held since its establishment, but retains his membership on the Board.
Methodological Individualisms: Definition and Reduction

The Reformation, it has been said, changed the course of history. Most people would agree. At the very least, agree or not, they would hold the proposition to be one worth considering. They would be unlikely to reject it out of hand as incapable of being either true or false because it had no meaning. For, of course, "everybody knows" what the Reformation was and, elaborating a little, we can make clear what we meant by changing the course of history. Yet it is just statements of this sort that cause much methodological wrangling. Their controversial nature is due, in large part, to controversy over the status of such terms as "the Reformation" and, generally, group or macroscopic concepts. Since not only history, but sociology, political science, social psychology, and economics also widely use concepts referring to groups and their properties, rather than to individuals, the controversy has wide ramifications. And because there are, as it were, so many vested interests involved, the dispute also tends to acquire an ideological tone not altogether consonant with dispassionate inquiry. Bad temper and mutual recrimination in scientific discussion are generally a sign that ideological defenses are being shored up. Just possibly, a philosopher whose substantive concern in any empirical field is minimal may hope to be considered above the battle, as one who, having no private axe to grind, can be concerned only with clarifying the logical issues involved. In this hope, I wish to explore as systematically as possible the tangled web of issues woven about the status of group concepts and their relationship to those referring to individuals. Intertwined in this controversy are two different issues. One has to do with the nature of the terms or concepts of social science; the other with the nature of its laws and theories and their relationship in turn to those in other areas. The first issue is one of meaning, the second of reduction. Success in unsnarling the various strands of this web may alone help abate the fury of the controversy.
Shifting the equilibrium in cancer immunoediting: from tumor tolerance to eradication

Summary: The continual interaction of the immune system with a developing tumor is thought to result in the establishment of a dynamic state of equilibrium. This equilibrium depends on the balance between effector and regulatory T‐cell compartments. Whereas regulatory T cells can infiltrate and accumulate within tumors, effector T cells fail to efficiently do so. Furthermore, effector T cells that do infiltrate the tumor become tightly controlled by different regulatory cellular subsets and inhibitory molecules. The outcome of this balance is critical to survival, and whereas in some cases the equilibrium can rapidly result in the elimination of the transformed cells by the immune system, in many other cases the tumor manages to escape immune control. In this review, we discuss relevant work focusing on the establishment of the intratumor balance, the dynamic changes in the populations of effector and regulatory T cells within the tumor, and the role of the tumor vasculature and its activation state in the recruitment of different T‐cell subsets. Finally, we also discuss work associated to the manipulation of the immune response to tumors and its impact on the infiltration, accumulation, and function of tumor‐reactive lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment.
Statistical singing voice conversion with direct waveform modification based on the spectrum differential

This paper presents a novel statistical singing voice conversion (SVC) technique with direct waveform modification based on the spectrum differential that can convert voice timbre of a source singer into that of a target singer without using a vocoder to generate converted singing voice waveforms. SVC makes it possible to convert singing voice characteristics of an arbitrary source singer into those of an arbitrary target singer. However, speech quality of the converted singing voice is significantly degraded compared to that of a natural singing voice due to various factors, such as analysis and modeling errors in the vocoderbased framework. To alleviate this degradation, we propose a statistical conversion process that directly modifies the signal in the waveform domain by estimating the difference in the spectra of the source and target singers’ singing voices. The differential spectral feature is directly estimated using a differential Gaussian mixture model (GMM) that is analytically derived from the traditional GMM used as a conversion model in the conventional SVC. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method makes it possible to significantly improve speech quality in the converted singing voice while preserving the conversion accuracy of singer identity compared to the conventional SVC. Index Terms: singing voice, statistical voice conversion, vocoder, Gaussian mixture model, differential spectral compensation
On the Maximal Cross-Correlation of Algebraically Constructed Costas Arrays

Families of Costas arrays with low pairwise cross-correlation are sought. The two families of all exponential Welch arrays and all Golomb arrays generated in a certain finite field are specifically studied, and the maximal cross-correlation is determined by exhaustive search. Mathematically rigorous explanations for some of the observed results are presented, a surprising link between Welch and Golomb arrays is revealed, and what remains to be proved is stated precisely. The results suggest that the families with uniformly low cross-correlation correspond to finite fields whose size is a safe prime power.
The Association between Enterovirus 71 Infections and Meteorological Parameters in Taiwan

Background Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections are a significant cause of neurological disorder and death in children worldwide. Seasonal variations in EV71 infections have been recognized, but the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between meteorological parameters and EV71 infection. Methods and Findings We analyzed the number of EV71 infections and daily climate data collected in Taiwan between 1998 and 2008 and used Poisson regression analysis and case-crossover methodology to evaluate the association between weather variability and the incidence of EV71 infection. A total of 1,914 EV71-infected patients were reported between 1998 and 2008. The incidence of EV71 infections reflected significant summertime seasonality (for oscillation, p<0.001). The incidence of EV71 infections began to rise at temperatures above 13°C (r2 = 0.76, p<0.001); at temperatures higher than approximately 26°C (r2 = 0.94, p<0.05), the incidence began to decline, producing an inverted V-shaped relationship. The increase in the incidence with increasing relative humidity was positive and linear (r2 = 0.68, p<0.05). EV71 infection was most highly correlated with temperature and relative humidity in the period that likely preceded the infection. Conclusion Our study provides quantitative evidence that the rate of EV71 infection increased significantly with increasing mean temperature and relative humidity in Taiwan.