Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Pharmacology of Intravenous and Intraperitoneal Aminoglycoside Antibiotics in the Prevention of Wound Infections

Seventeen patients had intraoperative peritoneal lavage with a solution containing one gram of kanamycin in 200 ml of 0.9% NaCl. The solution was removed by suction at two or five minutes. Venous blood samples were obtained at 15 minute intervals for two hours following lavage. Despite diligent attempts, an average of only 60% of the solution was recovered by suction. The peak concentration of kanamycin in serum correlated directly with the kanamycin dose (p < 0.025). In six patients lavaged for five minutes, peak absorption occurred at 15 minutes with serum concentrations of 20.3 ± 2.0 μg/ml. In five patients lavaged for two minutes insignificantly (p > 0.1) lower peak serum concentrations (15.3 ± 1.8 μg/ml) occurred at 15 minutes. Six additional patients had peak kanamycin serum concentrations which occurred at 75 minutes and reached 23.2 and 24.0 μg/ml in two patients. In three patients who received intravenous gentamicin prior to surgery, nine paired serum and peritoneal fluid samples obtained during three hours preceding lavage showed no significant differences in gentamicin concentrations (p > 0.5). These pharmaco-kinetic data demonstrate the penetration of parenterally administered aminoglycosides into intraoperative peritoneal fluid. Kanamycin lavage for wound prophylaxis should be used cautiously and should be abandoned in patients who have renal impairment where prolonged toxic serum concentrations could develop.
How Field Experiences Influence Perceptions of Learning to Teach in a Precollegiate Urban Teaching Academy Program

ABSTRACT This qualitative, multicase study examined the support, instruction, coursework, discussions, field and clinical experiences, and critical reflection that took place within a precollegiate Urban Teaching Academy (UTA) magnet program located in a southeastern school district. Two major themes emerged with sub-themes undergirding each. The first theme of disparate program-based experiences highlighted the three unique structures each teacher implemented to expose their students to the realities of teaching, which included their emphasis—or lack thereof—on coursework and field and clinical experiences. The second theme of student reactions to their learning experiences expressed the three differentiated curricular experiences students encountered. Data interpretations confirmed the importance of using book work, instruction, discussions, and critical reflection regarding classroom events as scaffolding to support the preparation of future teachers within the context of urban field and clinical experiences through precollegiate pipeline programs.
[Primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome: therapeutic features in 5 patients].

UNLABELLED Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are two different liver diseases, however diagnosis criteria of these two affections can be found in a same patient. The aim of this study is to relate the clinical, serologic and histologic features of patients presenting the overlap syndrome, AIH-PBC, defined by the presence of at least of two main criteria of each disease and to evaluate their response to therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study concerning patients presenting overlap syndrome diagnosed between January 1998 and December 2001. These patients had been treated with ursodesoxycholic acid (AUDC) or prednisone and azathioprine or a combination of these three products. Clinical and biological criteria were used to assess response to therapy. RESULTS Five patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of overlap syndrome. All patients were females, the median age was 38 years (range: 19-65 years). Three patients were treated by UDCA, a clinical and biological response was noted in only one patient. Two patients were treated by prednisone and azathioprine without any remission. Three patients were treated by a combination of these three products with a good response in two cases. CONCLUSION Optimal treatment for overlap AIH-PBC syndrome remains to be determined. Treatment with UDCA or immunosuppressor alone is not efficient. A combination of these drugs should be evaluated in further studies.
The Effect of Mutation Operation on GP- based Stream Ciphers Design Algorithm

Mutation operation is used to introduce a small perturbation in the population from time to time so as to maintain its diversity. Several mutation operations have been developed for genetic programming. This paper is to study the impact of mutation operation on the performance of genetic programming. We present six types of mutation operations that have been applied in the simulated annealing programming (SAP) algorithm, which is an algorithm used to design stream ciphers using genetic programming and simulated annealing. Experiments performed to study the effectiveness of these operations in solving the underlying problem. It has been shown that mutation operation can affect the performance of genetic programming, especially when it is used to solve complex problems.
Characterization of human group C rotavirus in Argentina

A survey was conducted for identification of human group C rotaviruses in stool specimens taken from children suffering diarrhea in suburban Buenos Aires regions. Among 90 true negative group A samples as defined by ELISA, RT‐PCR and PAGE, five were positive by group C specific RT‐PCR (VP7 and VP6 genes) and three of these samples exhibited the characteristic 4‐3‐2‐2 dsRNA pattern of group C rotavirus. These results were further confirmed by electron microscopy and by ELISA for detection of group C VP6 specific antigens. Sequence analysis of the VP7 gene from one of these isolates revealed a 97.3–98.6% nucleotide identity and up to 99.1% protein homology with human group C rotavirus strains found scattered throughout the last ten years in other countries. Conversely, similar analysis performed with porcine strains showed a much lower homology degree both at the nucleotide (75.5% nucleotide identity) and amino acid level (85.5% protein homology). Detection of group C rotavirus in children with acute diarrhea in Argentina extends the identification range of this agent in the region and is consistent with previous reported data that demonstrate a global distribution of this virus. J. Med. Virol. 62:199–207, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human STX Polysialyltransferase Forms the Embryonic Form of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule

PST and STX are polysialyltransferases that form polysialic acid in the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), although it is not known why these two polysialyltransferases exist. In the present study, we have first isolated cDNA encoding human STX, which includes 5′-untranslated sequence. Northern blot analysis, using this cDNA and PST cDNA previously isolated by us, demonstrated that PST and STX are expressed in different fetal and adult tissues. STX is primarily expressed in embryonic tissues, but only modestly in adult heart, brain, and thymus. PST, on the other hand, is continuously expressed in adult heart, brain, thymus, spleen, small and large intestines, and peripheral blood leukocytes. In various parts of adult brain, the relative amount of PST and STX appears to be substantially different depending on the regions. The analysis by in situ hybridization of mouse adult brain, however, suggests that polysialic acid in the hippocampal formation is synthesized by both STX and PST. HeLa cells doubly transfected with the isolated STX cDNA and N-CAM cDNA supported neurite outgrowth much better than HeLa cells expressing N-CAM alone. However, polysialic acid synthesized by PST appears to be a better substratum than that synthesized by STX. Moreover, the genes for PST and STX were found to reside at chromosome 5, band p21 and chromosome 15, band q26, respectively. These results, taken together, strongly suggest that PST and STX are expressed distinctly in tissue-specific and cell-specific manners and that they apparently have distinct roles in development and organogenesis.
A double-blind evaluation of the activity of an anti-cellulite product containing retinol, caffeine, and ruscogenine by a combination of several non-invasive methods.

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 46 healthy female volunteers in order to test an anti-cellulite product containing retinol, caffeine and ruscogenine. An evaluation of different parameters related to cellulite appearance, i.e., the skin macrorelief, the dermal and hypodermal structures, the skin mechanical characteristics, and the cutaneous flowmetry was assessed using several non-invasive methods. This combination of different evaluation methods resulted in the demonstration of significant activity of the anti-cellulite product versus baseline and showed its superiority versus the placebo in skin macrorelief (decrease of the "orange peel" effect) and an increase in cutaneous microcirculation. By using a combination of methods, it was possible to detail the activity of an anti-cellulite product and to show superiority of the product in comparison with the placebo.
Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar imaging of maneuvering targets based on joint time-frequency analysis

In this paper, the joint time-frequency(JTF) analysis techniques were applied to Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(ISAR) imaging and motion compensation (MOCOM P), which compensated for the blurring effect in imaging maneuvering targets using traditional RD algorithm. During the implementation of the JTF algorithm, a Gabor-wavelet transform was employed as the JTF tool to obtain a corresponding 3D time-range-Doppler cube. The simulation results showed different time snapshots of moving target, namely target pose in particular instants. Then, ISAR image formed separately by traditional methodology without any compensation and JTF algorithm were compared. The former is highly distorted and its spectrogram demonstrates the severe frequency shifts between the pulses while the latter is very well focused due to the JTF tool used to compensate motion effect and the frequencies of time pulses are well aligned.
Continuous venovenous rewarming: results from a juvenile animal model.

OBJECTIVE To compare a standard and an experimental method of rewarming in 5-wk-old goats with induced moderate hypothermia. DESIGN Hypothermia was induced in ten juvenile Nubian goats. Five goats were randomly assigned to be rewarmed using standard techniques, and five were assigned to the experimental rewarming technique of a modified continuous venovenous hemofiltration circuit. SETTING Animal research facility, Greenville Hospital System/Clemson University Biomedical Cooperative, Clemson, S.C. SUBJECTS Ten 5-wk-old goats. INTERVENTIONS Hypothermia to a body temperature of 29.4 degrees C was induced in the goats. Each of the control group of five goats was rewarmed using standard methods. Each of the experimental group of five goats was rewarmed using a modified continuous venovenous hemofiltration circuit. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS At 2 hrs, the median temperature increase in the experimental group was 6.5 degrees C, compared with an increase of only 1.5 degrees C in the control group (p=.02). The mean increase in core body temperature over time (from baseline to 150 mins) was also significantly greater in the experimental group (p=.006). CONCLUSIONS The use of a modified continuous venovenous hemofiltration circuit for rewarming in a juvenile goat model after induction of moderate hypothermia is more effective than are standard methods.
A zero-forcing linear precoder for downlink multi-user LoS MIMO channels

In this paper we introduce an algorithm to design a zero-forcing linear precoder for downlink multi-user Line-of-Sight (LoS) MIMO systems. We observe that the existence of LoS component, changes the restrictions of conventional SVD-BD approach on channel dimensions and correlation of users. In addition, we find a new criterion that relates the received signal to noise ratio and optimal form of pure LoS channel matrix. We perceive that this algorithm improves performance nearly 1.5 dB in compare to the SVD-BD method for Rayleigh channels in the case of two users.
The Sword of Damocles

Hybrid regime theories offer fruitful insights into how semi-authoritarian regimes maintain stability, without explaining how they cope with loss of legitimacy caused by popular protests. Under such conditions, a hybrid regime must adopt measures to restore the equilibrium, but this may spur more protest and resistance while law enforcement becomes more volatile and non-systematic, making the governance gaps increasingly evident. This article explores the content and consequences of “resurgent authoritarianism”—the Russian hybrid regime’s effort to control popular mobilization after 2011/2012 through stricter control of political space, interventions in media and society, and duplication of state institutions.
All Spending Is Not Equal: European Union Public Spending, Policy Feedback, and Citizens’ Support for the EU

While public support is central to the problem-solving capacity of the European Union, we know little about when and why the EU can increase its citizens’ support through spending. Extensive research finds that citizens living in countries that are net beneficiaries of the EU budget are more supportive of the EU, assuming that citizens care equally about all forms of spending. It is argued in this article, however, that the amount of spending is only part of the story. Understanding the effects of spending on support requires a consideration of how transfers are spent. Drawing on policy feedback theories in comparative politics, it is shown that support for the EU is a function of the fit between the spending area and economic need in individuals’ immediate living context. Results from a statistical analysis of EU spending on human capital, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environmental protection in 127 EU regions over the period 2001–2011 corroborate this argument. As the EU and other international organisations become increasingly publicly contested, the organisations themselves may increasingly try to shore up public support through spending, but they will only be successful under specific conditions.
Determinants of Inclusive Growth in Nigeria: An ARDL Approach

Nigeria is one of the fastest growing economies in the world, yet ranked 152nd out of 188 countries of the world [1]. As such, growth in one sector of the economy does not automatically translate into equal benefits for the populace. This paper therefore provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between inclusive growth and its determinants as studies in this area are limited. Against this backdrop, the study utilized annual data from 1981 till 2014, and employed both the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) and the error correction method (ECM) to investigate the long-run and the short-run parameters among the variables. The findings suggest a negative relationship between government consumption, education expenditure and inclusive growth both in the short-run and the long-run. In contrast, inflation and population growth variable indicate a positive effect on inclusive growth in the short-run but turned out negative in the long-run. Finally, initial capital and FDI showed a negative relationship in the short run, but a significantly positive contribution to inclusive growth in the long-run. Based on these findings, the study recommends that policy makers should take appropriate steps to increase the inflow of foreign direct investment, reduce inflation, while they work at improving the quality of the population in order to achieve inclusive growth.
Electrospray encapsulation of water-soluble protein with polylactide. I. Effects of formulations and process on morphology and particle size

Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was encapsulated with poly (lactide) (PLA) using an electrospray technique in which a sufficiently strong electric field was applied to overcome the surface tension of a droplet and to produce small particles. The influences of PLA solvent type, PLA solution concentrations; the viscosity, electrical conductivity and surface tension of PLA solutions and PLA/BSA emulsions; and the applied voltage and flow rate on the morphology and size of the BSA-loaded PLA particles were examined. 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) was a better solvent for PLA than dichloromethane. Spherical electrosprayed particles, with smooth surfaces, were observed with both solvents. The electrical conductivity increased and particle size decreased when acetone was mixed with DCE as PLA solvent. However, the particles were no longer spherical. The size of the particles increased and shape became spherical as PLA concentration was increased from 1–3%. Increasing the concentration to 4% resulted in the formation of a mixture of beads and fibres. Particle size decreased as applied voltage was increased from 10–15 kV and increased as flow rate was increased from 0.5–3 ml h−1.
Multicast feedback control using loss-pattern matching

We propose a multicast feedback control mechanism that dynamically groups the receivers into several areas according to their loss patterns. Each area has an area representative (AR) that provides quick feedback messages and suppresses other receivers in the area. When the AR cannot correctly represent other receivers, deterministic suppression is executed among the non-representative receivers. The scheme is stable and robust. It does not need special network support, but can be optimized if available. Simulation results show that this scheme is suppressive, responsive and scalable.
The Shaping of the Public Opinion: Social Media between Populism and Convivialism. A Comparative Study of Austria, Sweden, and the UK

Social, political and economic features of Austria as well as Sweden and the United Kingdom show similarities such that they can be examined in parallel and compared. Cultural differences in these countries are transmitted in a variety of situation, but they do not necessarily refer to the same social distinctions. Moreover, our observation of common features among these three countries will target the rise of right-wing political parties, invoked by the “crises” from Middle East. Furthermore this study aims to observe the reaction of the citizens of these three countries respectively, the sympathizers as well as those who disagree with such populistic proclamations. Such social and cultural issues arise attention and, at the same time call upon the empirical focus in anthropological studies. We are suggesting this parallel examination with regard to the anthropological science and its methods that will help to carry out our research. This research will contribute results with a critical discourse analysis in combination with empirical research methods and analysis.
Regional changes in [ 18 F]dopa metabolism in the striatum in Parkinson's disease

Summary We have investigated regional changes in dopamine metabolism within the basal ganglia with clinical progression of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, using coregistration of [ ]8 F]dopa-PET and MRI images and comparing six normal subjects with 15 Parkinson's disease patients in a cross-sectional study. We have demonstrated that [ i& F]dopa metabolism in the dorsal putamen is reduced to almost 50% of normal both caudally and rostrally early in the disease whilst the ventral putamen is not significantly affected. With progression of symptoms there is loss of dopa metabolism from the ventral putamen, the ventrocaudal putamen in advance of the ventrorostral putamen. Throughout the disease the ventrorostral putamen is relatively preserved; even in the most advanced group [ ls F]dopa uptake is reduced here by only 30%. We conclude that the progression of Parkinson's disease is associated with a focal process affecting only the dorsal putamen in its early (and preclinical) phase then affecting the ventral putamen with increasing disease severity.
Non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas. Application of the international classification of diseases for oncology (ICD‐O) to the working formulation

International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD‐O) code numbers for the non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are assigned to the new Working Formulation (WF). This will facilitate the coding of NHL cases by registrars and pathologists by providing a ready means of translation of terms utilized in most of the existing classification schemes. Additional code numbers and synonyms are suggested to accommodate all of the terms in the six major classification systems curently in use and to permit the coding of immunologic cell type when appropriate tests have been performed. To demonstrate how the assignment of these code numbers can be useful, over 8000 incidence cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program (1977–1980) were coded according to the WF groups and the data analyzed. The prognostic significance of the three major groups in the WF is confirmed for each group in the SEER data and comparisons are discussed with the NCI study.
Redetermination of the salt hexamethylenetetraminium fumarate

The crystal structure of the title compound [systematic name: 3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniatricyclo[3.3. 1.13,7]decane (E)-3-carboxyprop-2-enoate], C6H13N4 +·C4H3O4 −, had been determined previously by Bowes et al. [Acta Cryst. (2003), B59, 100–117]. Their structure contained an approximately 3:1 ratio of fumarate and succinate monoanions disordered over the same position. The succinate anion component forms a similar structural role to the fumarate anion and came about due to an impurity in the starting material, fumaric acid. In this work, the crystal structure of the pure salt is presented, which is identical, apart from the lack of disorder of the anions, to the previous structure. In the crystal, the ions assemble in the solid state, forming chains via N+—H⋯O− and O—H⋯O− hydrogen bonds, which are linked into a three-dimensional network by C—H⋯O interactions.
Comparison of effects of phonophoresis and iontophoresis of naproxen in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of naproxen (10%) applied by topical iontophoresis or by phonophoresis in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Dokuz Eylül University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. Subjects: This study was carried out with 61 patients who had lateral epicondylitis. They were randomized into two groups. Interventions: Naproxen was applied to the first group using phonophoresis (29 patients – 33 extremities) and to the second group using iontophoresis (32 patients – 34 extremities). Patients in both groups were treated by other physiotherapy methods (cold pack, progressive strengthening and stretching exercises). Outcomes: Pain scores (at rest, during motion, with pressure, weight lifting), grip strength and Nirschl–Petterone Grading System were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: Pain scores decreased, grip strength and Nirsch–Petterone Grading System statistically significantly increased in both groups after treatment (p < 0.05), but there were no statistical differences between groups before or after treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that iontophoresis and phonophoresis of naproxen are equally effective electrotherapy methods in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.