Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of power system stabilizer for damping power system oscillations

Abstract: The problem of the poorly damped low-frequency (electro-mechanical) oscillations of power systems has been a matter of concern to power engineers for a long time, because they limit power transfers in transmission lines and induce stress in the mechanical shaft of machines. Due to small disturbances, power systems experience these poorly damped low-frequency oscillations. The dynamic stability of power systems are also affected by these low frequency oscillations. With proper design of Power System Stabilizer (PSS), these oscillations can be well damped and hence the system stability is enhanced. The basic functions of the PSS is to add a stabilizing signal that compensates the oscillations of the voltage error of the excitation system during the dynamic/transient state, and to provide a damping component when it’s on phase with rotor speed deviation of machine. Studies have shown that PSS are designed to provide additional damping torque, for different operation point normal load, heavy load and leading to improve power system dynamic stability.
Ricin transport in brefeldin A-treated cells: correlation between Golgi structure and toxic effect

Whereas brefeldin A (BFA) protected a number of cell lines against the protein toxin ricin, two of the cell lines tested were not protected but rather sensitized to ricin by BFA. EM studies revealed that upon addition of BFA the Golgi stacks in cells which were protected against the toxin rapidly transformed into a characteristic tubulo-vesicular reticulum connected to the endoplasmic reticulum, and subcellular fractionation experiments showed that galactosyl transferase disappeared from the Golgi fractions where it was normally located. EM and subcellular fractionation also indicated that in contrast to the Golgi stacks, the trans-Golgi network (TGN) remained intact and that internalized ricin was still localized in the TGN both when BFA was added before and after the toxin. Thus, BFA does not prevent fusion of ricin-containing vesicles with the TGN, and unlike resident proteins in Golgi stacks, ricin is not transported back to ER upon treatment of cells with BFA. Two kidney epithelial cell lines, MDCK and PtK2, were not protected against ricin by BFA, and EM studies of MDCK cells revealed that BFA did not alter the morphology of the Golgi complex in these cells. Also, subcellular fractionation revealed that, in contrast to the other cell types tested, the localization of galactosyl transferase in the gradients was not affected by BFA treatment. The data show that there is a correlation between BFA-induced disassembly of the Golgi stacks and protection against ricin, and they demonstrate that the structural organization of the Golgi apparatus is affected by BFA to different extents in various cell lines.
GPU-BASED CALCULATION OF TRAJECTORY SIMILARITIES

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are more and more used for general purpose calculations. In the area of modeling and simulation, GPU’s calculations are typically associated with executing specific simulation models. Besides this application, we propose the use of GPUs not only in the context of model execution but also to analyze simulation results, e.g., to compute the similarity of simulation trajectories. We present initial evaluation results from using the GPU for such applications and discuss opportunities, challenges, and pitfalls. We conclude with further possibilities as well as some future directions for leveraging the GPU for different analyzing tasks in the field of modeling and simulation.
Acoustic characterization of air-saturated porous materials by solving the inverse problem

We present in this contribution, several experimental methods for the acoustic characterization of air-saturated porous materials. The equivalent fluid model is considered, in which the acoustic wave propagates in the saturating fluid of the porous material. The principle of these methods is the detection of experimental waves reflected and transmitted by the porous material. The high and low frequency domains are studied. The expressions of the reflection and transmission coefficients are established in time and frequency domains. The sensitivity of the non-acoustic parameters porosity, tortuosity, viscous and thermal characteristic lengths, viscous and thermal permeabilities is studied, showing their effects on the transmitted and reflected waveforms. It is shown that some parameters are more sensitive to the transmission mode, and others to the reflection. The inverse problem is solved numerically using experimental data of waveforms in the time domain for these parameters. Tests are performed using industrial plastic foams. The inverted values of non-acoustic parameters are close to those measured by classical methods. The results of the experimental and numerical validation of this method are presented and compared with theoretical predictions and a very good agreement has been found.
Reflection and Reconstruction of Juvenile Legal Education from the perspective of Individual Socialization

The antinomy of the ideal and reality of the legal education makes us think about its aim and form as well as its social environment. Sociology focuses its concern on juvenile’s individual socialization. Thus, a trial survey can be made from the perspective of individual socialization. This paper examines the status quo of our country’s juvenile legal education in family,school, community and mass media, and further uses theories of individual socialization to interpret the juvenile’s legal education. In the end a few suggestions are proposed.
On the size and recovery of submatrices of ones in a random binary matrix

Binary matrices, and their associated submatrices of 1s, play a central role in the study of random bipartite graphs and in core data mining problems such as frequent itemset mining (FIM). Motivated by these connections, this paper addresses several statistical questions regarding submatrices of 1s in a random binary matrix with independent Bernoulli entries. We establish a three-point concentration result, and a related probability bound, for the size of the largest square submatrix of 1s in a square Bernoulli matrix, and extend these results to non-square matrices and submatrices with fixed aspect ratios. We then consider the noise sensitivity of frequent itemset mining under a simple binary additive noise model, and show that, even at small noise levels, large blocks of 1s leave behind fragments of only logarithmic size. As a result, standard FIM algorithms, which search only for submatrices of 1s, cannot directly recover such blocks when noise is present. On the positive side, we show that an error-tolerant frequent itemset criterion can recover a submatrix of 1s against a background of 0s plus noise, even when the size of the submatrix of 1s is very small.
Use of forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second quality criteria for determining a valid test

The 2005 American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) spirometry guidelines define valid tests as having three acceptable blows and a repeatable forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). The aim of this study was to determine how reviewer and computer-determined ATS/ERS quality could affect population reference values for FVC and FEV1. Spirometry results from 7777 normal subjects aged 8–80 years (NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) III) were assigned quality grades A to F for FVC and FEV1 by a computer and one reviewer (reviewer 1). Results from a subgroup of 1466 Caucasian adults (aged 19–80 years) were reviewed by two additional reviewers. Mean deviations from NHANES III predicted for FVC and FEV1 were examined by quality grade (A to F). Reviewer 1 rejected (D and F grade) 5.2% of the 7777 test sessions and the computer rejected ∼16%, primarily due to end-of-test (EOT) failures. Within the subgroup, the computer rejected 11.5% of the results and the three reviewers rejected 3.7–5.9%. Average FEV1 and FVC were minimally influenced by grades A to C allocated by reviewer 1. Quality assessment of individual blows including EOT assessments should primarily be used as an aid to good quality during testing rather than for subsequently disregarding data. Reconsideration of EOT criteria and its application, and improved grading standards and training in over-reading are required. Present EOT criteria results in the exclusion of too many subjects while having minimal impact on predicted values. ATS/ERS end of test criteria for spirometry exclude too many subjects while having minimal impact on predicted values http://ow.ly/DQRCD
Scattering from objects and surfaces in room acoustical simulations

In room acoustical simulations, scattering objects are often modeled as impenetrable boxes with high scattering coefficients assigned to the surfaces. In some cases, a cluster of objects is modeled as a virtual impenetrable box, such that no sound propagation can take place between the objects. Thus, the scattering only takes place on the boundary surfaces of the box and the acoustic volume of the room is reduced. Another challenge with representing scattering objects by reflecting surfaces is that it increases the number of surfaces, which greatly increases the calculation complexity for methods such as the image source method. In this paper a modeling method where the scattering from objects takes place in certain parts of the room volume is proposed. In this method, sound can still travel through scattering objects, but be partly scattered. This volume scattering method has at present been implemented in the simulation tool PARISM (Phased Acoustical Radiosity and Image Source Method). Scattering from objects and surfaces is likely to be strongly frequency dependent and the frequency dependence can depend on their sizes, shapes and structure. The importance of the frequency dependence is investigated and discussed through simulations.
Ten years of lung cancer in a single center: gender, histology, stage and survival

Aim: The aim was to describe, in a prospective manner, the clinical, histopathological and epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer patients who attended as outpatients at the Lluís Alcanyís, Xàtiva Medical Oncology Hospital, València, Spain from January 2004 to July 2014. We also analyzed survival and compared our data with that reported in the literature. Methods: Clinical and demographic characteristics were analyzed for the entire series and trends were compared by year of diagnosis. Changes in epidemiology were examined and compared. Results: There were 701 patients (91.4% were men, mean age 67.6). Main histology was squamous cell carcinoma (41.5%). Squamous cell carcinoma prevailed in men (45.5%) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) in women (60.3%). The percentage of men with lung cancer and of patients with squamous cell carcinoma was higher than in the reported worldwide data and remained throughout the 10 years period. Mean survival was low, with < 10% survivors at 5 years. Stage of disease remained the main prognostic factor for survival. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma continues to be the most frequent histological type in our area. Male and smoking is associated with lung carcinoma while ADC more often occurs in females. Over the time, our epidemiological and histological patterns have not changed, possibly in relation to maintenance of smoking habits.
Two-dimensional positive spline smoothing and its application to probability density estimation

Spline is a piecewise polynomial and has been widely used for interpolation and smoothing of observed data. In this paper, with the use of the sufficient condition, derived by Heß and Schmidt, for the nonnegativity of bivariate splines on square grid, we propose two-dimensional positive spline interpolation/smoothing on square grid for estimation of positive continuous functions. Moreover, we newly derive a sufficient condition for the nonnegativity on triangular grid and propose positive spline interpolation/smoothing on triangular grid. Then we estimate a two-dimensional probability density function (PDF) from its histogram by using the idea of the positive spline smoothing. Numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the newly derived sufficient condition and the proposed PDF estimator.
NMHDECAY: A fortran code for the Higgs masses, couplings and decay widths in the NMSSM

The Fortran code NMHDECAY computes the masses, couplings and decay widths of all Higgs bosons of the NMSSM in terms of its parameters at the electroweak (or Susy breaking) scale: the Yukawa couplings λ and κ, the soft trilinear terms Aλ and Aκ, and tan β and μeff = λ . The computation of the spectrum includes leading two loop terms, electroweak corrections and propagator corrections. The computation of the decay widths is carried out as in HDECAY, but (for the moment) without three body decays. Each point in parameter space is checked against negative Higgs bosons searches at LEP, including unconventional channels relevant for the NMSSM. One version of the program uses generalized SLHA conventions for input and output.
Near neighbor search in nonmetric space

We consider the computational problem of the Near Neighbor Search (NNS) in nonmetric spaces. Nonmetric spaces are the generalization of the metric spaces because they do not require the triangular inequality assumption. Nonmetric spaces are important because many similarity measures (between images, proteins, etc) do not verify the triangular inequality. We show the nonmetric situation calls for different evaluation criterions of NNS algorithms. As a first attempt, to our knowledge, to perform general nonmetric NNS, we introduce such evaluation criterions. The insights provided by those criterions lead us to introduce a new category of search structures, called densitrees, that extend the classical metric tree algorithm for the nonmetric NNS. Against well established datasets, our preliminary empirical results lead us to a counter-intuitive conclusion: the triangular inequality has only a secondary contribution on the efficiency metric NNS. Additionally, the densitrees, although very naively implemented, performs reasonably well both in metric and nonmetric situations.
Audit Reporting for Going-Concern Uncertainty: A Research Synthesis

SUMMARY: In this synthesis we review research on going-concern modified audit opinions (GCOs) and develop a framework to categorize this research. We identify three major areas of research: (1) determinants of GCOs that include client factors, auditor factors, auditor-client relationships, and other environmental factors; (2) accuracy of GCOs; and (3) consequences arising from GCOs. We identify method-related considerations for researchers working in the area and identify future research opportunities.
Relational reasoning in the region connection calculus

This paper is mainly concerned with the relation-algebraical aspects of the well-known Region Connection Calculus (RCC). We show that the contact relation algebra (CRA) of certain RCC model is not atomic complete and hence infinite. So in general an extensional composition table for the RCC cannot be obtained by simply refining the RCC8 relations. After having shown that each RCC model is a consistent model of the RCC11 CT, we give an exhaustive investigation about extensional interpretation of the RCC11 CT, where we attach a superscript × to a cell entry in the table if and only if extensional interpretation is impossible for this entry. More important, we show the complemented closed disk algebra is a representation for the relation algebra determined by the RCC11 table. The domain of this algebra contains two classes of regions, the closed disks and closures of their complements in the real plane, and the contact relation is standard Whiteheadean contact (i.e. aCb iff a ∩ b 6 ∅).
EEG Indices to Time-On-Task Effects and to a Workload Manipulation (Cueing)

— The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of a range of EEG indices to time-on-task effects and to a workload manipulation (cueing), during performance of a resource-limited vigilance task. Effects of task period and cueing on performance and subjective state response were consistent with previous vigilance studies and with resource theory. Two EEG indices – the Task Load Index (TLI) and global lower frequency (LF) alpha power – showed effects of task period and cueing similar to those seen with correct detections. Across four successive task periods, the TLI declined and LF alpha power increased. Cueing increased TLI and decreased LF alpha. Other indices – the Engagement Index (EI), frontal theta and upper frequency (UF) alpha failed to show these effects. However, EI and frontal theta were sensitive to interactive effects of task period and cueing, which may correspond to a stronger anxiety response to the uncued task.
Set Containment Joins: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly

EAEcient support for set-valued attributes is likely to grow in importance as object-relational database systems, which either support set-valued attributes or propose to do so soon, begin to replace their purely relational predecessors. One of the most interesting and challenging operations on set-valued attributes is the set containment join, because it provides a concise and elegant way to express otherwise complex queries. Unfortunately, evaluating these joins is diAEcult, and naive approaches lead to algorithms that are very expensive. In this paper, we develop a new partition based algorithm for set containment joins: the Partitioning Set Join Algorithm (PSJ), which uses a replicating multilevel partitioning scheme based on a combination of set elements and signatures. We present a detailed performance study with a complete implementation in the Paradise object-relational database system. Our results show that PSJ outperforms previously proposed set join algorithms over a wide range of data sets.
Prediction of multivariate time series with sparse Gaussian process echo state network

In this paper, we present an echo state network model based on sparse Gaussian process regression, which has been successfully applied to multivariate time series prediction. While combining the Gaussian process with Echo State Network, the computational complexity of the model is very high. We consider using a group of limited basis functions instead of the original covariance function, which reduces the computational complexity and maintains the prediction performance of the model. In the framework of Bayesian inference, the model can combine prior knowledge and observation data perfectly and provide prediction confidence. The model realizes adaptive estimation of the hyper-parameters by using maximum likelihood approach and avoids complex computation process. Two simulation results show the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.
Assessment on validity,reliability and simplicity of 4stroke scales

Objective To authenticate the four stroke scales by comparing their validity,reliability and simplicity.Methods (1)103patients with acute stroke was investigated.The neurological deficit was measured by a observer with CNS,NI HSS,ESS and MESSS.The correlative analysis was performed between their scores and the Barthel Index(BI )at the end of the second month and the t hird month after onset.The logistic regression was u sed to examine whether the four scale s were predictive for mortality. (2)Twenty patients with acute stroke were investigated.The neurological deficit was scored independently b y two raters using four scales at an in terval of two hours.Results The correlative values between BI and each scale of MESSS,CNS and NIHSS or ESS were -0.804～-0.815,0.694～0.696an d 0.721～0.793individually. The values of MESSS were significantly higher than t hat of CNS(P0.05). It was proved by Logistic regressio n that all of the stroke scales were sufficient ly predictive for mortality.The int erobserver agreement for MESSS was worse than that for CNS and better than that for NIHSS or ESS.The mean time ±SD for completion of MESSS was lon ger than that of CNS but shorter than t hat of NIHSS or ESS(P0.05). Conclusion MESSS has high validity,but lower re liability and simplicity than CNS NI HSS and ESS . It is suggested that MESSS be used in stroke trials in the c ondition that there are no ideal scales to be choiced.
A 12.3-kb Duplication Within the VWF Gene in Pigs Affected by Von Willebrand Disease Type 3

Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) type 3 is a serious and sometimes fatal hereditary bleeding disorder. In pigs, the disease has been known for decades, and affected animals are used as models for the human disease. Due to the recessive mode of inheritance of VWD type 3, severe bleeding is typically seen in homozygous individuals. We sequenced the complete porcine VWF (Von Willebrand Factor) complementary DNA (cDNA) and detected a tandem duplication of exons 17 and 18, causing a frameshift and a premature termination codon (p.Val814LeufsTer3) in the affected pig. Subsequent next generation sequencing on genomic DNA proved the existence of a 12.3-kb tandem duplication associated with VWD. This duplication putatively originates from porcine Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs) located within VWF introns 16 and 18 with high identity. The premature termination truncates the VWF open reading frame by a large part, resulting in an almost entire loss of the mature peptide. It is therefore supposed to account for the severe VWD type 3. Our results further indicate the presence of strong, nonsense-mediated decay in VWF messenger RNA (mRNA) containing the duplication, which was supported by the almost complete absence of the complete VWF protein in immunohistochemistry analysis of the VWD-affected pig. In the past, differentiation of wild-type and heterozygous pigs in this VWD colony had to rely on clinical examinations and additional laboratory methods. The present study provides the basis to distinguish both genotypes by performing a rapid and simple genetic analysis.
A 4D geometrical modeling of a material aging

4-dim intrinsic (material) Riemannian metric $G$ of the material 4-D space-time continuum $P$ is utilized as the characteristic of the aging processes developing in the material. Manifested through variation of basic material characteristics such as density, moduli of elasticity, yield stress, strength, and toughness. , the aging process is modeled as the evolution of the metric $G$ (most importantly of its time component $G_{00}$) of the material space-time $P$ embedded into 4-D Newtonian space-time with Euclidean metric. \par The evolutional equation for metric $G$ is derived by the classical variational approach. Construction of a Lagrangian for an aging elastic media and the derivation of a system of coupled elastostatic and aging equations constitute the central part of the work. The external and internal balance laws associated with symmetries of material and physical space-time geometries are briefly reviewed from a new viewpoint presented in the paper. Examples of the stress relaxation and creep of a homogeneous rod, cold drawing, and chemical degradation in a tubing are discussed.
Full counting statistics for noninteracting fermions: joint probability distributions

The joint probability distribution in the full counting statistics (FCS) for noninteracting electrons is discussed for an arbitrary number of initially separate subsystems which are connected at t = 0 and separated again at a later time. A simple method to obtain the leading-order long-time contribution to the logarithm of the characteristic function is presented which simplifies earlier approaches. New explicit results for the determinant involving the scattering matrices are found. The joint probability distribution for the charges in two leads is discussed for Y junctions and dots connected to four leads.