Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Integrated are the ASEAN Capital Markets?

We analyze the ASEAN stock markets from a market microstructure perspective, focusing on liquidity and volatility. We find Indonesia and Thailand share similar patterns and magnitude of liquidity and volatility, indicating partial integration happens naturally for these two markets. Further analysis on the sensitivity of stock exchange performance to international information reveals that, again, Indonesia and Thailand are the most sensitive to international financial market information. This finding indicates that Indonesia and Thailand may have substantial foreign investors’ presence in their stock markets. Further empirical evidence shows that while integration would provide greater liquidity in ASEAN stock markets, the liquidity risk is also transmitted among them. We find the transmission of systematic liquidity risk in the region could happen in only one day. Our analysis of dynamic integration reveals time-varying integration in the ASEAN region from 2000 to 2012. Without government intervention, ASEAN capital markets show the most stable integration during 2005-2007. Unfortunately, integration does not hold in the long-term or it is short term in nature.
An overview of fuzzy Description Logics for the Semantic Web

Abstract Information imprecision and uncertainty exist in many real world applications, and such information would be retrieved, processed, shared, reused, and aligned in the maximum automatic way possible. As a popular family of formally well-founded and decidable knowledge representation languages, fuzzy Description Logics (fuzzy DLs), which extend DLs with fuzzy logic, are very well suited to cover for representing and reasoning with imprecision and uncertainty. Thus, a requirement naturally arises in many practical applications of knowledge-based systems, in particular the Semantic Web, because DLs are the logical foundation of the Semantic Web. Currently, there have been lots of fuzzy extensions of DLs with Zadeh's fuzzy logic theory papers published, to investigate fuzzy DLs and more importantly serve as identifying the direction of fuzzy DLs study. In this paper, we aim at providing a comprehensive literature overview of fuzzy DLs, and we focus our attention on fuzzy extensions of DLs based on fuzzy set theory. Other relevant formalisms that are based on approaches like probabilistic theory or non-monotonic logics are covered elsewhere. In detail, we first introduce the existing fuzzy DLs (including the syntax, semantics, knowledge base, and reasoning algorithm) from the origin, development (from weaker to stronger in expressive power), some special techniques, and so on. Then, the other important issues on fuzzy DLs, such as reasoning, querying, applications, and directions for future research, are also discussed in detail. Also, we make a comparison and analysis.
Learning factors of public sector accountants and sharing process of tacit knowledge

Knowledge Management (KM) implementation in the public sector organization can take advantage the sharing process of experiences, ideas and expertise of its professional intellects for the organization’s embedded knowledge assets.The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the learning factors of professional intellects and the sharing process of tacit knowledge in a public sector accounting organization. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from all public sector accountants working in the accounting specialist department of the Federal Government in Malaysia. Using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis, the empirical result showed that training and learning opportunities provided to public sector accountants has a high significant impact on the sharing performance of tacit knowledge. It was also found that performance evaluation and incentives together with the ICT skills and know-how are the moderately significant learning factors for an effective leveraging of the public sector accountants for the organizational embedded knowledge assets.
The Preliminary Development of Computer-Assisted Assessment of Chinese Handwriting Performance

This paper describes a pilot study investigating an assessment for Chinese handwriting performance. In an attempt to computerize the existing Tseng Handwriting Problem Checklist (Tseng Checklist), this study employed MATLAB to develop a computer program entitled the Chinese Handwriting Assessment Program (CHAP) to be used for the evaluation of handwriting performance. Through a template-matching approach, the program processed each character by using size-adjustable standard models to calculate the two-dimensional cross-correlation coefficient of a template and a superimposed handwritten character. The program measured the size control, spacing, alignment, and the average resemblance between standard models and handwritten characters. The results of the CHAP's test-retest reliability showed that the high correlation coefficients (from .81 to .94) were statistically significant. Correlations between each CHAP and Tseng Checklist item were statistically significant. As these assessment tools for handwriting performance are required for quantitative and qualitative aspects, the integration of the two tools is a promising means for accomplishing a handwriting performance assessment.
Analysis of parallel structures in patent sentences, focusing on the head words

One of the characteristics of patent sentences is long, complicated modifications. A modification is identified by the presence of a head word in the modifier. We extracted head words with a high occurrence frequency from about 1 million patent sentences. Based on the results, we constructed a modifier correcting system using these head words. About 60% of the errors could be modified with our system.
Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex: Comparing low and high trait anxious individuals

This investigation examined whether prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex was impaired among individuals with high trait anxiety compared to controls. PPI has traditionally been theorized to be a psychophysiological index of information processing and sensorimotor gating, and is now being used to help identify various psychological disorders. Although results of existing research on reduced PPI across the anxiety spectrum are equivocal, previous findings indicate that highly anxious (HA) participants exhibit significantly reduced PPI at lead intervals of 60 ms relative to low anxious (LA) controls. This study paired a 70 dB (A) white noise prepulse stimulus with a 100 dB (A) white noise startling stimulus at a 60 msec discrete lead interval. The results showed a higher baseline startle response and a trend toward increased response probability among the HA subgroup compared to controls. Due to a large number of nonresponse trials, analysis of PPI between groups could not be performed, but the data that was obtained revealed a 2.2% reduction in PPI among highly anxious participants. The current results highlight the potential for PPI to index sensorimotor gating deficits among anxious populations.
The molecular structure of an unusual cytochrome c2 determined at 2.0 å; the cytochrome ch from methylobacterium extorquens

Cytochrome cH is the electron donor to the oxidase in methylotrophic bacteria. Its amino acid sequence suggests that it is a typical Class I cytochrome c, but some features of the sequence indicated that its structure might be of special interest. The structure of oxidized cytochrome cH has been solved to 2.0 Å resolution by X‐ray diffraction. It has the classical tertiary structure of the Class 1 cytochromes c but bears a closer gross resemblance to mitochondrial cytochrome c than to the bacterial cytochrome c2. The left‐hand side of the haem cleft is unique; in particular, it is highly hydrophobic, the usual water is absent, and the “conserved” Tyr67 is replaced by tryptophan. A number of features of the structure demonstrate that the usual hydrogen bonding network involving water in the haem channel is not essential and that other mechanisms may exist for modulation of redox potentials in this cytochrome.
Underwriting Relationships and Analyst Herding Behavior Around Equity Offerings

This paper examines the effects of underwriting relationships on analyst herding behavior. The results suggest that analysts employed by the lead-underwriter banks of seasoned equity offerings are more likely to provide bold forecasts than unaffiliated analysts, indicating that institutional affiliations surrounding analysts, as well as their individual characteristics, are associated with their herding tendency. In spite of conflicts of interest from the investment banking business, lead-underwriter analysts provide more accurate earnings forecasts than unaffiliated analysts, and their superiority is more obvious in the sub-sample of bold forecast revisions. However, an additional investigation shows that investment banking affiliations also influence analysts' herding tendency in stock recommendations, implying the potential prevalence of optimism among analysts. We also find that the difference in forecast boldness between affiliated and unaffiliated analysts has significantly diminished since the passage of Regulation Fair Disclosure, which prohibits managers' selective disclosures to market participants.
Should milk-specific IgE antibodies be measured in adults in primary care?

Objective. To study the association of milk-IgE antibodies in serum to milk-related gastrointestinal symptoms in adults in primary care. Design. Open clinical study. Setting. Five outpatient clinics in primary care in Southern Finland. Subjects. A total of 756 subjects who reported milk-related gastrointestinal symptoms in primary care and as controls 101 subjects with no such symptoms. Methods. IgE values for specific food antigens were measured (Pharmacia CAP System) in a total of 857 subjects. All food screen-positive samples (>0.35 IU/l) were analysed further for IgE for untreated skimmed milk (milk-IgE) and for boiled milk. Those found positive for milk-IgE were invited for an open milk challenge test. Results. Some 5.4% (46/857) of all subjects had a positive IgE antibody screen for food antigens. Of those with a positive food screen, 28% (13/46) had milk-IgE antibodies comprising 1.5% of the total group screened. The prevalence of milk-IgE was not statistically different between those with milk-related symptoms and those with no such symptoms. IgE antibodies for boiled milk were rare. All specific IgE antibody levels were low. Bloating was the only observed symptom in milk challenge tests. Conclusion. IgE antibodies to cow's milk were relatively rare in the adult population and were not indicative of milk protein allergy. The observed IgE levels were low and did not correlate with subjective milk-related symptoms. The measurement of milk-specific IgE in adults should be discouraged in outpatient clinics.
ANALYZING THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs)

This article investigates the processes and influential factors affecting the internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Internationalization of SMEs has been widely researched but little is known of how and why internationalization takes place in developing country. The aim of this paper is to study the internationalization theories, such as the incremental and rapid internationalization models, networking, resources-based and international entrepreneurship perspectives. The article is based on an in-depth qualitative study of data collected from books, articles, web and e-books. The analysis is a descriptive process, through literature study that collecting information, summarizing the research, classifying the data and then describing the variables. The conclusion of this study is centered on key personnel and firm competencies as the main drivers of internationalization. The entrepreneurs’ knowledge (experience), behavior and cognition are identified as an attribute of the firm that influences internationalization decisions. In addition, the successful engagement in international markets depends on the ability of management in a firm to recognize, set the appropriate strategies and exploit opportunities by consider the internal and external factors. More importantly, the study suggests that networking relationship create internationalization awareness and provide appropriate pathways to internationalization. Keywords: internationalization, small and medium enterprises
An Ultralow-Power Overcurrent Protection Circuit for Micropower Class D Amplifiers

Although class D amplifiers (CDAs) are highly advantageous over their linear amplifier counterparts in terms of power efficiency, their power efficiency remains undesirably low at nominal operation conditions where the output power is ~26 dB lower than its peak output power (due to the large crest factor of the audio/speech signal and headroom for adjustment). This is particularly the case for power-critical micropower applications such as hearing instruments. At nominal conditions, we find that the overcurrent protection circuit (for the output stage) is unexpectedly the most power-dissipative block in micropower CDAs. In this brief, we propose a novel ultralow-power overcurrent protection circuit, which features 67% lower power dissipation compared to conventional overcurrent protection circuit without compromising the IC area. To further verify the advantages of the proposed overcurrent protection circuit, an ultralow-power bang-bang CDA is designed. We show that, by employing the proposed overcurrent protection circuit, the power efficiency of the bang-bang CDA is significantly improved from 10.5% to 23.7% for a 64-Ω load and from 1.8% to 4.7% for a 400-Ω load.
Optofluidic Elements for On-Chip Sample Analysis

The benefits of the integration of novel optofluidic elements, e.g., fluidic lenses and liquid-core / liquid-cladding (L2) waveguides, for on-chip optical sample analysis are discussed. Using properly designed microfluidic channels, pre-calculated flow rate ratios and transparent fluids with different refractive indices but similar viscosity novel fluidic optical elements can be created. In this contribution we present a dynamically reconfigurable fluidic lens which can focus light three-dimensionally and a L2 waveguide concept which can couple the incident laser beam in the analysis channel. The optofluidic system is fabricated on a glass substrate in a photosensitive polymer by fast laser micro-stereolithography.
The transplanted executive : why you need to understand how workers in other countries see the world differntly

With the passage of NAFTA and GATT, the steady integration of the European Community, and the emergence of promising new markets in Eastern Europe and the Pacific Rim, businesses around the world are globalizing their operations with unprecedented speed. But as executives working in foreign countries have discovered, organizational cultures can differ dramatically from country to country, and management practices effective back home can fail miserably abroad. The Transplanted Executive provides a comprehensive resource for managers of any nationality striving to understand the diversity of workplace values and traditions - and how they can be used to maximize employee efficiency, morale, and the bottom line. Offering sensible solutions to everyday problems, this informative volume shows how employees with different cultural, religious, and ethnic backgrounds respond to specific managerial techniques. The authors demonstrate, for example, why effective incentive systems in Japan might decrease productivity in United States, and why successful efforts to create team-based cooperation in Russia could alienate rather than motivate workers in England. Each chapter focuses on a different management problem - effective communication, motivation of workers, turning groups into teams, leadership skills, and quality management production - and following each chapter are quick reference charts that neatly summarize the text. The authors also include a table which provides cultural profiles of nearly 50 countries from major business centres around the world. Now more than ever, multinational managers need to be in touch with the range of cultural issues that can affect their overseas operations. With The Transplanted Executive in hand, managers the world over will have a user-friendly guide to understanding and mastering the subject.
Expression of CCR5 Increases during Monocyte Differentiation and Directly Mediates Macrophage Susceptibility to Infection by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT The stage of differentiation and the lineage of CD4+cells profoundly affect their susceptibility to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). While CD4+ T lymphocytes in patients are readily susceptible to HIV-1 infection, peripheral blood monocytes are relatively resistant during acute or early infection, even though monocytes also express CD4 and viral strains with macrophage (M)-tropic phenotypes predominate. CCR5, the main coreceptor for M-tropic viruses, clearly contributes to the ability of CD4+ T cells to be infected. To determine whether low levels of CCR5 expression account for the block in infection of monocytes, we examined primary monocyte lineage cells during differentiation. Culturing of blood monocytes for 5 days led to an increase in the mean number of CCR5-positive cells from <20% of monocytes to >80% of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Levels of CCR5 expression per monocyte were generally lower than those on MDM, perhaps below a minimum threshold level necessary for efficient infection. Productive infection may be restricted to the small subset of monocytes that express relatively high levels of CCR5. Steady-state CCR5 mRNA levels also increased four- to fivefold during MDM differentiation. Infection of MDM by M-tropic HIV-1JRFLresulted in >10-fold-higher levels of p24, and MDM harbored >30-fold more HIV-1 DNA copies than monocytes. In the presence of the CCR5-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2D7, virus production and cellular levels of HIV-1 DNA were decreased by >80% in MDM, indicating a block in viral entry. There was a direct association between levels of CCR5 and differentiation of monocytes to macrophages. Levels of CCR5 were related to monocyte resistance and macrophage susceptibility to infection because infection by the M-tropic strain HIV-1JRFL could be blocked by MAb 2D7. These results provide direct evidence that CCR5 functions as a coreceptor for HIV-1 infection of primary macrophages.
Resource management model based on cloud computing environment

In this article, we propose the dynamic resources management model in a cloud computing environment. For monitoring the certain resource, we should utilize not only a cloud management module but also a network management module. However, it is difficult to check the duration time and to observe the digested information about the resources. To investigate these problems in a cloud computing environment, we designed and deployed the cloud service infrastructure based on open-source software, namely, CloudStack. The proposed model regularly stores the usage data for computing resources based on Hadoop and HBase. In addition, our model analyzes the raw data for virtual machines and makes an effective recommendation regarding the consumption of computing resources.
GSPN semantics for queueing networks with blocking

Queuing network models with finite capacity queues and blocking are used to represent systems with finite capacity resource constraints, such as production, communications and computer systems. Various blocking mechanisms have been defined in the literature to represent the different behaviours of real systems with limited resources. In this paper we propose a technique that allows to represent this type of queueing networks by means of generalized stochastic Petri nets. The method allows to obtain several benefits both for the qualitative and the quantitative analysis of these queueing networks. In particular it offers the possibility of using results and tools developed within the framework of the Petri nets. In the paper some of these potentialities are presented.
The structure of strontium-doped hydroxyapatite: an experimental and theoretical study.

First-principles modeling combined with experimental methods were used to study hydroxyapatite in which Sr2+ is substituted for Ca2+. Detailed analyses of cation-oxygen bond distributions, cation-cation distances, and site 1-oxygen polyhedron twist angles were made in order to provide an atomic-scale interpretation of the observed structural modifications. Density functional theory periodic band-structure calculations indicate that the Ca2+ to Sr2+ substitution induces strong local distortion on the hydroxyapatite lattice: the nearest neighbor Sr-O bond structures in both cationic sites are comparable to pure SrHA, while Sr induces more distortion at site 2 than site 1. Infrared vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis suggest increasing lattice disorder and loss of OH with increasing Sr content. Rietveld refinement of synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns shows a preference for the Ca1 site at Sr concentrations below 1 at. %. The ideal statistical occupancy ratio Sr2/Sr1=1.5 is achieved for approximately 5 at. %; for higher Sr concentrations occupation of the Ca2 site is progressively preferred.
Estrous Response and Fertility in Postpartum Suckled Female Yaks (Bos grunniens) Treated with an Intravaginal Device Containing Progesterone(CIDR), Pregnant Mares' Serum Gonadotrophin and Prostaglandin Analogue

The efficiency of a short-term treatment with an intravaginal device containing progesterone (CIDR) combined with pregnant mares' serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) and prostaglandin analogue (PGF2α) was evaluated for the induction of estrus, initiation of cyclic activity, and fertility in postpartum suckled yak cows. Seventy-five postpartum suckled yak cows were assigned to three treatments: (1) insertion of a CIDR intravaginal progesterone (1.9 g) (day 0), an administration of PGF2α (0.2 mg i.m.) on day 6 and PMSG (1,000 IU i.m.) at the time of CIDR withdrawal on day 7 (CPP group, n=28); (2) an administration of PGF2α (0.2 mg i.m.) on day 6 and PMSG (1,000 IU i.m.) on day 7 (PP group, n=21); (3) untreated animals served as the control (CG group, n=26). Seven yak bulls were placed in pastures with the cows for natural mating. Estrus rate in the CPP group (28/28) was higher (p<0.01) than in the PP group (6/21) and in the CG group (0/26) within 96 h after the end of treatment. The first service conception rate in the CPP group (21/28) was higher (p<0.01) compared with in the PP group (2/9) as judged by serum P4 concentration ≥2.35 ng/ml on day 21 after breeding. It is concluded that a short-term progesterone treatment combined with PMSG and prostaglandin increased the proportion of yak cows that exhibited behavioral estrus with more synchronized estrus response and satisfactory conception rate in postpartum suckled yak cows. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2005. Vol 18, No. 4 : 470-474)
Disturbance torque estimation in a sensorless DC drive

The estimation of the disturbance torque in a sensorless DC drive is carried out by extending the classical observer theory. Three estimation schemes are formulated according to the representation of the disturbance torque and processing of the observer states. In addition to the disturbance torque, all the schemes deliver an estimation of the motor speed. Steady-state accuracy and dynamics of the schemes are analyzed in nominal conditions, identifying the scheme with the best performance. The effects of variations in the motor parameters are also analyzed, finding that a proper modeling of the motor makes the steady-state estimation of the disturbance torque insensitive to any variation. As a test, the schemes are applied to a sensorless DC drive for both compensating for the disturbance torque and closing the speed loop. The responses obtained with the best-performance scheme are reported. <<ETX>>