Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depressive Symptoms, Major Depressive Episode and Cognition in the Elderly: The Three-City Study

Objectives: The relationship between depression and dementia in the elderly has been extensively studied but the tools used to define depressed subjects are heterogeneous between studies. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between depression and cognitive performances by using multiple measures of depressive state. Methods: A sample of 7,869 nondemented community-dwelling persons aged ≧65 years participated in the study. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiological Study Depression Scale and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview was used to assess history of major depressive episodes (MDE). Cognitive function was evaluated by several tests including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail Making Test, Isaacs Set Test and Benton Visual Retention Test. Results: When studied in separate models, depressive symptoms were significantly related to lower cognitive performances for all neuropsychological tests after adjusting for potential confounders (p < 0.0001), whereas subjects with current MDE had significantly lower performances in MMSE and Isaacs Set Test. When studied concomitantly, only high levels of depressive symptoms were related to lower cognitive performance, whereas existence of MDE (past or current) was no longer associated with cognitive performances. Conclusions: These data suggest that once current depressive symptoms are taken into account, major depression (past or current) is not associated with lower cognitive performances in a community-based sample of elderly people aged ≧65 years.
Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Arterial Stiffness in Young Men

Background and Objectives Increased central arterial stiffness is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Acute aerobic exercise reduces arterial stiffness, while acute resistance exercise may increase arterial stiffness, but this is not a universal finding. We tested whether an acute resistance exercise program was associated with an increase in arterial stiffness in healthy young men. Subjects and Methods Thirteen healthy subjects were studied under parallel experimental conditions on 2 separate days. The order of experiments was randomized between resistance exercise (8 resistance exercises at 60% of 1 repeated maximal) and sham control (seated rest in the exercise room). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and aortic augmentation index as indices of aortic stiffness were measured using applanation tonometry. Measurements were made at baseline before treatments, 20 minutes, and 40 minutes after treatments (resistance exercise and sham control). Results There was no difference in resting heart rate or in arterial stiffness between the two experimental conditions at baseline. At 20 minutes after resistance exercise, heart rate, carotid-femoral PWV and augmentation index@75(%) were significantly increased in the resistance exercise group compared with the sham control (p<0.05). Brachial blood pressure, central blood pressure and pulse pressure were not significantly increased after resistance exercise. Conclusion An acute resistance exercise program can increase arterial stiffness in young healthy men. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of long-term resistance training on arterial stiffness.
Valenced action/inhibition learning in humans is modulated by a genetic variant linked to dopamine D2 receptor expression

Motivational salience plays an important role in shaping human behavior, but recent studies demonstrate that human performance is not uniformly improved by motivation. Instead, action has been shown to dominate valence in motivated tasks, and it is particularly difficult for humans to learn the inhibition of an action to obtain a reward, but the neural mechanism behind this behavioral specificity is yet unclear. In all mammals, including humans, the monoamine neurotransmitter dopamine is particularly important in the neural manifestation of appetitively motivated behavior, and the human dopamine system is subject to considerable genetic variability. The well-studied TaqIA restriction fragment length polymorphism (rs1800497) has previously been shown to affect striatal dopamine metabolism. In this study we investigated a potential effect of this genetic variation on motivated action/inhibition learning. Two independent cohorts consisting of 87 and 95 healthy participants, respectively, were tested using the previously described valenced go/no-go learning paradigm in which participants learned the reward-associated no-go condition significantly worse than all other conditions. This effect was modulated by the TaqIA polymorphism, with carriers of the A1 allele showing a diminished learning-related performance enhancement in the rewarded no-go condition compared to the A2 homozygotes. This result highlights a modulatory role for genetic variability of the dopaminergic system in individual learning differences of action-valence interaction.
UWB-based elliptical target localization in an indoor environment

Geometrically driven Ultra-Wideband (UWB) based approach to indoor localization is seemingly defined on the assumption that multipath signals have been resolved in a pre-processing step. This assumed multipath resolving ensures that the multipath propagation scenario expected with any indoor signal propagation, is downgraded to a two-path one which inadvertently oversimplifies the underlying localization problem. In this work, we propose a full solution which consists of a pre-localization step and the actual localization task. In a previous work, we presented a pre-processing or pre-localization step which makes use of electrically-driven reflection properties of UWB signals to extract information from the reflected signals in the multipath environment; and ultimately reduce the multipath propagation scenario into a two-path one based on these extracted information. As a direct consequence, a way is paved for geometrical approaches which are usually driven by either the Time of Arrival (TOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA) and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) position estimation method. In this work, we show that by carefully considering the inherent properties of the UWB technology, UWB based 2D indoor localization can be efficiently achieved by using just two receivers and one transmitter which contrasts current geometric approaches which require at least three receivers and one transmitter for localization.
Increased serum thrombomodulin level is associated with disease severity and mortality in pediatric sepsis

Background Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. As previously reported, the serum thrombomodulin is elevated in diseases associated with endothelial injury. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum thrombomodulin level in different pediatric sepsis syndromes and evaluate the relationship with disease severity and mortality. Methods We prospectively collected cases of sepsis treated in a pediatric intensive care unit from June 2012 to July 2015 at Chang Gung Children’s Hospital in Taoyuan, Taiwan. Clinical characteristics and serum thrombomodulin levels were analyzed. Results Increased serum thrombomodulin levels on days 1 and 3 of the diagnosis of sepsis were found in different pediatric sepsis syndromes. Patients with septic shock had significantly increased serum thrombomodulin levels on days 1 and 3 [day 1: median, 6.9 mU/ml (interquartile range (IQR): 5.8–12.8) and day 3: median, 5.8 mU/ml (IQR: 4.6–10.8)] compared to healthy controls [median, 3.4 mU/ml (IQR: 2.3–4.2)] (p = <0.001 and 0.001, respectively) and those with sepsis [day 1: median, 2.9 mU/ml (IQR: 1.8–4.7) and day 3: median, 3 mU/ml (IQR: 1.5–3.5)] and severe sepsis [day 1: median, 3.3 mU/ml (IQR: 1.3–8.6) and day 3: median, 4.4 mU/ml (IQR: 0.5–6)] (p = <0.001 and 0.001, respectively). There was also a significant positive correlation between serum thrombomodulin level on day 1 and day 1 PRISM-II, PELOD, P-MOD and DIC scores. The patients who died had significantly higher serum thrombomodulin levels on days 1 and 3 [day 1: median, 9.9 mU/ml (IQR: 6.2–15.6) and day 3: median, 10.4 mU/ml (IQR: 9.2–11.7)] than the survivors [day 1; median, 4.4 mU/ml (IQR: 2.2–7.5) and day 3: [median, 3.5 mU/ml (IQR: 1.6–5.7)] (p = 0.046 and 0.012, respectively). Conclusion Increased serum thrombomodulin levels were found in different pediatric sepsis syndromes and correlated with disease severity and mortality.
Magnitude image CSPAMM reconstruction (MICSR)

Image reconstruction of tagged cardiac MR images using complementary spatial modulation of magnetization (CSPAMM) requires the subtraction of two complex datasets to remove the untagged signal. Although the resultant images typically have sharper and more persistent tags than images formed without complementary tagging pulses, handling the complex data is problematic and tag contrast still degrades significantly during diastole. This article presents a magnitude image CSPAMM reconstruction (MICSR) method that is simple to implement and produces images with improved contrast and tag persistence. The MICSR method uses only magnitude images — i.e., no complex data — but yields tags with zero mean, sinusoidal profiles. A trinary display of MICSR images emphasizes their long tag persistence and demonstrates a novel way to visualize myocardial deformation. MICSR contrast and contrast‐to‐noise ratios (CNR) were evaluated using simulations, a phantom, and two normal volunteers. Tag contrast 1000 msec after the R wave trigger was 3.0 times better with MICSR than with traditional CSPAMM reconstruction techniques, while CNRs were 2.0 times better. Magn Reson Med 50:331–342, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Centralized Self-Healing Scheme for Electrical Distribution Systems

In this paper, a two-stage procedure is proposed in order to solve the centralized self-healing scheme for electrical distribution systems. The considered self-healing actions are the reconfiguration of the distribution grid and, if needed, node and zone load-shedding. Thus, the proposed procedure determines the status of the switching devices in order to effectively isolate a faulty zone and minimize the number of de-energized nodes and zones, while ensuring that the operative and electrical constraints of the system are not violated. The proposed method is comprised of two stages. The first stage solves a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem in order to obtain the binary decision variables for the self-healing scheme (i.e., the switching device status and energized zones). In the second stage, a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem is solved in order to adjust the steady-state operating point of the topology found in the first stage (i.e., correction of the continuous electrical variables and load-shedding optimization). Commercial optimization solvers are used in the first stage to solve the MILP problem and in the second stage to solve the NLP problem. A 44-node test system and a real Brazilian distribution system with 964-nodes were used to test and verify the proposed methodology.
Meaningful Use in Chronic Care

BACKGROUND The effect of practice facilitation that provides onsite quality improvement (QI) and electronic health record (EHR) coaching on chronic care outcomes is unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness of such a program—similar to an agricultural extension center model—that provides these services. METHODS Through the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) portion of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the North Carolina Area Health Education Centers program became the Regional Extension Center for Health Information Technology (REC) for North Carolina. The REC program provides onsite technical assistance to help small primary care practices achieve meaningful use of certified EHRs. While pursuing meaningful use functionality, practices were also offered complementary onsite advice regarding QI issues. We followed the first 50 primary care practices that utilized both EHR and QI advice targeting diabetes care. RESULTS The achievement of meaningful use of certified EHRs and performance of QI with onsite practice facilitation showed an absolute improvement of 19% in the proportion of patients who achieved excellent diabetes control (hemoglobin A1c < 7%) compared to baseline. In addition, the percentages of patients with poorly controlled diabetes (hemoglobin A1c > 9%) fell steeply in these practices. LIMITATIONS No control group was available for comparison. CONCLUSION Practice facilitation that provided EHR and QI coaching support showed important improvements in diabetes outcomes in practices that achieved meaningful use of their EHR systems. This approach holds promise as a way to help small primary care practices achieve excellent patient outcomes.
Psycholinguistics and Reading.

going to be taught to decode by means of "linguistic readers. " These readers advocate "abstinence from meaning" and "turning away from memory and melody of words-strung-together. " Sebesta did not want his son to grow into a "Good Boy Reader," who obeys "'the golden rule of Good Boy Reading: Never skip words and don't ask questions' . his motives fixed upon pleasing his society through the extrinsic act of deooding. " Sebesta's reason was that "reading is a process by which I, his father, find out about something. It is no ballet of the eyeballs to vocal or subvocal accompaniment just for enjoyment of the exercise. To the extent that I benefit
An iatrogenic burn from the use of a topical haemostatic agent

QuikClot (Z-Medica, Wallingford, Connecticut, USA) is a brand of topical haemostatic agent that can be poured directly onto open wounds to control bleeding. It works by adsorbing water from the blood, concentrating the clotting factors, activating platelets and promoting steps in the coagulation pathway. This is, however, an exothermic reaction and prolonged contact can cause damage to the skin. We recently encountered a patient who sustained a full thickness burn to the forehead following the application of the above agent to control bleeding, and the case is presented here with the intention of increasing awareness of the potential hazards of this therapeutic product as demonstrated by the morbidity experienced by our patient. ### Case report A 56-year-old man was seen by the paramedics after a zinc sheet fell from a roof causing a large laceration to the patient's right temple. There was profuse bleeding and QuikClot was applied to the wound and adjacent forehead skin by the paramedics to obtain haemostasis, along with sustained pressure. He was transferred to the Accident and Emergency department in about …
Three-Phase 24/16 Switched Reluctance Machine for a Hybrid Electric Powertrain

This paper presents the design process of a 60-kW switched reluctance motor for traction application in a hybrid electric vehicle. The motor has 24 stator poles and 16 rotor poles. A multiobjective optimization method has been employed in the optimization of conduction angles for priority operating points and over the entire operating range. Two objectives, maximizing output torque and minimizing torque ripple, are used in the optimization problem. A comprehensive comparative performance analysis with varying stator pole height, stator taper angle, rotor pole arc angle, and pole shoe shape is also presented. The performance of the proposed motor over the entire operating range has been characterized based on the optimized conduction angles. The finite element analysis results of the machine demonstrate the potential of the proposed motor in hybrid powertrains in terms of output torque, torque quality, and efficiency.
Jointly Modeling Label and Feature Heterogeneity in Medical Informatics

Multiple types of heterogeneity including label heterogeneity and feature heterogeneity often co-exist in many real-world data mining applications, such as diabetes treatment classification, gene functionality prediction, and brain image analysis. To effectively leverage such heterogeneity, in this article, we propose a novel graph-based model for Learning with both Label and Feature heterogeneity, namely L2F. It models the label correlation by requiring that any two label-specific classifiers behave similarly on the same views if the associated labels are similar, and imposes the view consistency by requiring that view-based classifiers generate similar predictions on the same examples. The objective function for L2F is jointly convex. To solve the optimization problem, we propose an iterative algorithm, which is guaranteed to converge to the global optimum. One appealing feature of L2F is that it is capable of handling data with missing views and labels. Furthermore, we analyze its generalization performance based on Rademacher complexity, which sheds light on the benefits of jointly modeling the label and feature heterogeneity. Experimental results on various biomedical datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the US diet: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

Objectives To investigate the contribution of ultra-processed foods to the intake of added sugars in the USA. Ultra-processed foods were defined as industrial formulations which, besides salt, sugar, oils and fats, include substances not used in culinary preparations, in particular additives used to imitate sensorial qualities of minimally processed foods and their culinary preparations. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010. Participants We evaluated 9317 participants aged 1+ years with at least one 24 h dietary recall. Main outcome measures Average dietary content of added sugars and proportion of individuals consuming more than 10% of total energy from added sugars. Data analysis Gaussian and Poisson regressions estimated the association between consumption of ultra-processed foods and intake of added sugars. All models incorporated survey sample weights and adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, family income and educational attainment. Results Ultra-processed foods comprised 57.9% of energy intake, and contributed 89.7% of the energy intake from added sugars. The content of added sugars in ultra-processed foods (21.1% of calories) was eightfold higher than in processed foods (2.4%) and fivefold higher than in unprocessed or minimally processed foods and processed culinary ingredients grouped together (3.7%). Both in unadjusted and adjusted models, each increase of 5 percentage points in proportional energy intake from ultra-processed foods increased the proportional energy intake from added sugars by 1 percentage point. Consumption of added sugars increased linearly across quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption: from 7.5% of total energy in the lowest quintile to 19.5% in the highest. A total of 82.1% of Americans in the highest quintile exceeded the recommended limit of 10% energy from added sugars, compared with 26.4% in the lowest. Conclusions Decreasing the consumption of ultra-processed foods could be an effective way of reducing the excessive intake of added sugars in the USA.
The future of child protection : how to break the cycle of abuse and neglect

1. Child Abuse and Neglect Today The Role of Child Protective Services The Demographics of Children in Need of Protection Consequences of Reporting 2. A Comparative Perspective Operation of Child Protective Services Sample Data Criteria for Reporting Procedures after Reporting Differences in Outcome by Type of Reporter Outcomes Why Are U.S. Reporting Rates So High? 3. The Current Child Protective Services System Scope A Brief History of CPS Underlying Assumptions A Critical View of the System Implications for a New Paradigm 4. Entry into the System History of the Reporting Laws The Reporting, Screening, and Investigation System Reforming the Intake System Contents 5. Narrowing as a Strategy to Improve Child Protection The Case for Narrowing What Would "Narrowing" Mean? Evaluating the Case for Narrowing How "Narrowing Plus" Might Be Accomplished Unresolved Issues 6. Differential Response: A New Paradigm for Child Protective Services Paradigms for Child Protective Services The Diversity and Complexity of Families Referred to CPS Features of the Differential Response Paradigm Moving to Differential Response 7. Working Together: Child Protection Reform in Britain The Development of the British CPS System The Impetus for Reform The Children Act of 1989 Beyond the Children Act 8. Changing Frontline Practice Implications of the New Paradigm Lessons from Earlier Initiatives to Change Frontline Practice How States and Localities Can Help 9. Reforming Child Protection The Current Child Protective Services System A New Paradigm for Child Protection Moving toward a More Fully Differentiated System Improving the Effectiveness of the CPS System's Response Increasing the Role of Community Partners in Child Protection The Endpoint of the Reforms Notes Index
Good Fences Make Good Neighbors: Evidence on the Effects of Property Rights

This paper uses the introduction of barbed wire fences to the American Midwest in the late 19th century to estimate the effects of property rights on farmers’ production decisions. Farmers were both formally and informally required to build fences to secure exclusive land-use rights, yet preferred wooden fences had been prohibitively expensive in areas with little woodland. The introduction and universal adoption of barbed wire fences encouraged property rights protection most in counties with the least woodland. Over that time, low-woodland counties are estimated to have undergone substantial relative increases in land settlement, land improvement, the improvement-intensity of farmland, land values, and the productivity and production share of crops most in need of protection. Some States’ previous efforts to reduce the need for fencing are not found to have been similarly effective, however, suggesting a difficulty in protecting property rights through legislation alone. JEL: D23, N51, O12, Q15 ∗I especially thank Michael Greenstone, as well as Daron Acemoglu, Josh Angrist, David Autor, Abhijit Banerjee, Dora Costa, Esther Duflo, Claudia Goldin, Tal Gross, Raymond Guiteras, Jeanne Lafortune, Philip Oreopoulos, and Peter Temin, for their comments. I also thank Daniel Sheehan for assistance with GIS software and the World Economy Lab for financial support. hornbeck@mit.edu
The Design of SQL Injection Analysis System based on Honeynet

Along with the development of Browser/Server Application Development, SQL injection attacks threaten the security of Web Services more greatly, which bring enormous potential risks to data of users and service providers. Focusing on SQL injection, we designed an analysis system based on Honeynet to improve the efficiency of identification and ability of sample-taking.
Analyse d’épreuves pour évaluer les compétences de scripteur des élèves à l’entrée de l’école élémentaire

Depuis une vingtaine d’annees, les protocoles proposant d’evaluer les competences des eleves se sont multiplies. Dans le domaine de la langue ecrite, et face a la multitude des epreuves, nous nous sommes plus particulierement attachees aux epreuves evaluant les competences de scripteur a l’entree au CP. La contribution propose l’analyse d’un corpus de 78 epreuves d’evaluation diagnostique a disposition des enseignants concues par des equipes de circonscription departementales ou locales, consultables sur Internet. En nous appuyant sur les recherches en psycholinguistique montrant que les tentatives d’encodage de l’eleve revelent les connaissances deja construites du systeme ecrit, nous interrogerons la nature des epreuves proposees et les consignes de traitement des reponses. Celles-ci temoignent des representations des concepteurs sur les tâches d’ecriture et nous semblent de nature a induire, chez les enseignants, des conceptions de l’ecriture et de son apprentissage.