Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analog and RF performance evaluation of a novel junctionless triple metal cylindrical surround gate (JLTM CSG) MOSFET

In this paper we propose a novel JL transistor with triple metal gate structure (JLTM). The DC, analog and RF performance parameters of the proposed JLTM have been compared with one standard JL transistor with single metal structure (JLDM). The DIBL and SS of JLTM reported are 0.0059 and 61.838 mV/dec respectively. Analog performance parameters g<sub>m</sub>, g<sub>m</sub>/I<sub>d</sub>, g<sub>m</sub>/g<sub>d</sub> has also been reported to be improved significantly with the JLTM. The RF performance parameters f<sub>T</sub>, f<sub>MAX</sub> and gain band width product are also improved many folds.
Maximal input limits for independent SISO control in modal space under consideration of actuator constraints

Modal decoupling is a common approach in engineering to analyze the dynamic behavior of mechanical systems and simplify the controller design. By bringing the system dynamics into diagonal form, one obtains SISO systems for which independent feedback strategies can be implemented. Furthermore, there exist control laws that utilize the available control inputs up to their limits, e.g. optimization-based controllers. While these limits can be applied easily in original space, a still open question is which bounds are feasible in modal space, as one property of the (linear) decoupling transformation is that the actuator constraints become coupled. In this paper, we address the problem of finding the largest possible input limits in modal space that allow independent SISO control and meet the real actuator saturations at the same time. We identify how the controller structure influences the search for the modal constraints and find the limits via optimization. The methods are developed for the general n-DOF case and applied to 2-, 3-, and 7-DOF examples in simulation.
The Internet gains acceptance in the Persian Gulf

Over the last 20 years, the number of countries with Internet (ARPAnet in the mid-1970s) connectivity has increased from about a halfdozen to over 170. Growth rates for the number of hosts and users have been around 100% annually for a decade. Although this extraordinary diffusion has been truly global, it has not been uniform. A few large areas have been slow to acquire or absorb this technology, including many extremely poor countries in sub-Saharan Africa and small island states in the Southwest Pacific. In terms of population, wealth, and geography, the most striking under-representation in this Internetted world is the 51 members of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC). Stretching from Guinea-Bissau on the west African coast to Indonesia in Southeast Asia, the OIC covers a wide spectrum of geography, demography, and economic well-being (Figure 1). In late 1993, of the roughly 15,000 nets then comprising the global Internet, the OIC total was 42, with 29 in Turkey and Indonesia [4]. Even within the OIC, among the slowest to join the world’s Internet community have been the nations of the Persian Gulf. These nine petrochemically endowed countries range from tiny Bahrain and Qatar (each with about 600,000 people) to much larger Iran (70 million), Iraq (21 million), and Saudi Arabia (20 million). Per capita GDP (adjusted for purchasing power) varies from Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) (about $$15,000–$20,000 each) to Yemen (about $1,600— although not on the Persian Gulf, Yemen is included to complete the Arabian Peninsula). The ninth, Oman, ranks in the middle. In January 1994, the Persian Gulf had no TCP/IP hosts when the rest of the world had over 2.2 million. By January 1995, Kuwait had modest, and Iran fairly minimal, connectivity. Now all but Iraq are connected, some with impressive growth percentages (Table 1). Why was there so little of the Internet in this part of the world for so long? And what has brought about its acceptance in so many countries in a short time? International Perspectives
Autocatalytic processing of the ATP‐dependent PIM1 protease: crucial function of a pro‐region for sorting to mitochondria

The biogenesis of the ATP‐dependent PIM1 protease of mitochondria was studied by mutational analysis. The ATPase and proteolytic activities of PIM1 were shown to be essential for mitochondrial function. A proteolytically inactive mutant form of PIM1 protease accumulated as a pro‐form in mitochondria, revealing a two‐step processing of PIM1: the matrix targeting signal is removed by the mitochondrial processing peptidase and then a pro‐region of 61 amino acids is cleaved off in an autocatalytic reaction. This latter process depended on the ATP‐dependent assembly of PIM1 protease subunits and can occur by an intermolecular and, most probably, also an intramolecular pathway. The respiratory competence of cells harboring mutant PIM1 protease lacking the pro‐region was strongly impaired. Subcellular fractionation revealed a cytosolic localization of mutant PIM1 protease. This demonstrates the requirement for the propeptide for efficient sorting of PIM1 protease to mitochondria.
The Impact of a Sport-Based Life Skill Program on Adolescent Prosocial Values

Abstract This article describes the implementation and evaluation of a sport-based life skills and community service program. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the impact of a combined life skills and community service program on adolescents' prosocial values. The program was part of a national golf and life skills enrichment academy for adolescents (n = 100). It was hypothesized that the life skills component would have a significant impact on adolescents' prosocial values and that participants (n = 42) who were involved in the community service component following the program, when compared to a comparison group (n = 23), would maintain their increased levels of prosocial values. Results indicated that the program had a significant positive impact on adolescents' prosocial values and that the community service experience positively impacted the adolescents' levels of empathic concern and social responsibility. These results are consistent with existing research on participating in community service.
Linguistically Motivated and Ontological Features for Vietnamese Named Entity Recognition

In this paper, we provide a deep analysis on the effect of linguistic features and ontological features for the Vietnamese named entity recognition (NER) task. Plugged in into an off-the-shelf learning framework, we show that, simple lexical words and bi-gram features allow to encode dependencies amongst possible NE labels in Vietnamese language. Results achieved on a standard annotated corpus support our claim, with an accuracy comparable to the state-of-the-art without any external resource. Moreover, when augmented with ontological features from a large knowledge base, the results in both flat and structured classification are almost competitive. Our finding exhibits interesting aspects of linguistically motivated features, including contextual and syntactic patterns for Vietnamese language. Additionally, results achieved with ontological features show that, they can be used to learn as specific as needed, resulting in the first high-performance Vietnamese structured NER system.
Improving chronological ordering of sentences extracted from multiple newspaper articles

It is necessary to determine a proper arrangement of extracted sentences to generate a well-organized summary from multiple documents. This paper describes our Multi-Document Summarization (MDS) system for TSC-3. It specifically addresses an approach to coherent sentence ordering for MDS. An impediment to the use of chronological ordering, which is widely used by conventional summarization system, is that it arranges sentences without considering the presupposed information of each sentence. We propose a method to improve chronological ordering by resolving precedent information of arranging sentences. Combining the refinement algorithm with topical segmentation and chronological ordering, we address our experiments and metrics to test the effectiveness of MDS tasks. Results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves chronological sentence ordering. At the end of the paper, we also report an outline/evaluation of important sentence extraction and redundant clause elimination integrated in our MDS system.
Case report: An unusual case of pica

Pica is the persistent, culturally and developmentally inappropriate ingestion of non‐nutritive substances (DSM‐IV). AB is a 75‐year‐old lady with a 40‐year history of schizophrenia and a 20‐year history of pica who, at emergency laparotomy, had £175·32 of loose change in her stomach. Although pica has been reported to coexist with schizophrenia, she had had no positive symptoms of schizophrenia for at least 20 years. She has CT evidence of frontotempotal atrophy most marked on the left in the temporal lobe and on the right in the frontal lobe. Pica has been found to be related to cognitive deficits and hyperoral behaviour to temporal lesions. Neuropsychological testing reveals deficits closely related to these changes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Participatory design with individuals who have amnesia

We present experiences and insights into participatory design with individuals who have anterograde amnesia and therefore have extreme difficulty storing new memories. We discuss our design of the design process, and present a set of techniques used to support memory during and between design sessions. From this experience, we identify cognitive assumptions of participatory design that break down when working with amnestics. We generalize these ideas into an analytical framework for researchers and practitioners who intend to use participatory design with persons having various kinds of cognitive impairments. We illustrate the framework by analyzing a cognitive deficit unrelated to memory that we encountered, and an unanticipated benefit from what at first appeared to be a liability in working with this design team.
A Classification-Segmentation Framework for the Detection of Individual Trees in Dense MMS Point Cloud Data Acquired in Urban Areas

In this paper, we present a novel framework for detecting individual trees in densely sampled 3D point cloud data acquired in urban areas. Given a 3D point cloud, the objective is to assign point-wise labels that are both class-aware and instance-aware, a task that is known as instance-level segmentation. To achieve this, our framework addresses two successive steps. The first step of our framework is given by the use of geometric features for a binary point-wise semantic classification with the objective of assigning semantic class labels to irregularly distributed 3D points, whereby the labels are defined as “tree points” and “other points”. The second step of our framework is given by a semantic segmentation with the objective of separating individual trees within the “tree points”. This is achieved by applying an efficient adaptation of the mean shift algorithm and a subsequent segment-based shape analysis relying on semantic rules to only retain plausible tree segments. We demonstrate the performance of our framework on a publicly available benchmark dataset, which has been acquired with a mobile mapping system in the city of Delft in the Netherlands. This dataset contains 10.13 M labeled 3D points among which 17.6 % are labeled as “tree points”. The derived results clearly reveal a semantic classification of high accuracy (up to 90.77 %) and an instance-level segmentation of high plausibility, while the simplicity, applicability and efficiency of the involved methods even allow applying the complete framework on a standard laptop computer with a reasonable processing time (less than 2.5 h).
Steel defect classification with Max-Pooling Convolutional Neural Networks

We present a Max-Pooling Convolutional Neural Network approach for supervised steel defect classification. On a classification task with 7 defects, collected from a real production line, an error rate of 7% is obtained. Compared to SVM classifiers trained on commonly used feature descriptors our best net performs at least two times better. Not only we do obtain much better results, but the proposed method also works directly on raw pixel intensities of detected and segmented steel defects, avoiding further time consuming and hard to optimize ad-hoc preprocessing.
Effects of Traditional Versus Horizontal Inertial Flywheel Power Training on Common Sport-Related Tasks

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of power training using traditional vertical resistance exercises versus direction specific horizontal inertial flywheel training on performance in common sport-related tasks. Twenty-three healthy and physically active males (age: 22.29 ± 2.45 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Participants were allocated into either the traditional training (TT) group where the half squat exercise on a smith machine was applied or the horizontal flywheel training (HFT) group performing the front step exercise with an inertial flywheel. Training volume and intensity were matched between groups by repetitions (5-8 sets with 8 repetitions) and relative intensity (the load that maximized power (Pmax)) over the period of six weeks. Speed (10 m and 20 m), countermovement jump height (CMJH), 20 m change of direction ability (COD) and strength during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were assessed before and after the training program. The differences between groups and by time were assessed using a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures, followed by paired t-tests. A significant group by time interaction (p=0.004) was found in the TT group demonstrating a significantly higher CMJH. Within-group analysis revealed statistically significant improvements in a 10 m sprint (TT: −0.17 0.27 s vs. HFT: −0.11 0.10 s), CMJH (TT: 4.92 2.58 cm vs. HFT: 1.55 2.44 cm) and MVIC (TT: 62.87 79.71 N vs. HFT: 106.56 121.63 N) in both groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences only occurred in the 20 m sprint time in the TT group (−0.04 0.12 s; p = 0.04). In conclusion, the results suggest that TT at the maximal peak power load is more effective than HFT for counter movement jump height while both TT and HFT elicited significant improvements in 10 m sprint performance while only TT significantly improved 20 m sprint performance.
A Multi-channel End System Multicasting Scheme on P2P Cluster Overlay

In the last decade, more and more media data are produced and shared over Internet. To send data on Internet, casting techniques are commonly used. Attempting to provide scalable applications, many approaches of end system multicast (ESM) have been recently designed over peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays. Cluster overlay is one of scalable P2P overlays in which peers are organized into groups and are not aware of the whole system. In this paper, we address a multi-channel end system multicasting scheme based on cluster overlay. Each multicast group is called a channel. Peers can switch from one channel to another. Super peers in cluster overlay manage peers and channels transferring in its cluster. Data duplicating and forwarding are carried out by peers. Heads of the cluster overlay help peers to find nearby peers who have joined in the channel in-demand to speed up channel switching.
Modulation of VE‐cadherin and PECAM‐1 mediated cell–cell adhesions by mitogen‐activated protein kinases

Endothelial cell transition from a differentiated, quiescent phenotype to a migratory, proliferative phenotype is essential during angiogenesis. This transition is dependent on alterations in the balanced production of stimulatory and inhibitory factors, which normally keep angiogenesis in check. Activation of MAPK/ERKs is essential for endothelial cell migration and proliferation. However, its role in regulation of endothelial cell adhesive mechanisms requires further delineation. Here, we show that sustained activation of MAPK/ERKs results in disruption of cadherin‐mediated cell–cell adhesion, down‐regulation of PECAM‐1 expression, and enhanced cell migration in microvascular endothelial cells. Expression of a constitutively active MEK‐1 in mouse brain endothelial (bEND) cells resulted in down‐regulation of VE‐cadherin and catenins expression concomitant with down‐regulation of PECAM‐1 expression. In contrast, inhibition of MEK‐1 restored parental morphology, cadherin/catenins expression and localization. These data are further supported by our observation that sustained activation of MAPK/ERKs in phorbol myristate acetate incubated HUVEC lead to disruption of cadherin‐mediate cell–cell interactions and enhanced capillary formation on Matrigel. Thus, sustained activation of MAPK/ERKs plays an important role in disruption of cell–cell adhesion and migration of endothelial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 90: 121–137, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Prototype Automatic Simultaneous Interpretation System

Simultaneous interpretation allows people to communicate spontaneously across language boundaries, but such services are prohibitively expensive for the general public. This paper presents a fully automatic simultaneous interpretation system to address this problem. Though the development is still at an early stage, the system is capable of keeping up with the fastest of the TED speakers while at the same time delivering high-quality translations. We believe that the system will become an effective tool for facilitating cross-lingual communication in the future.
Flow cytometric analysis of lymphomas: current status and usefulness.

CONTEXT Immunophenotyping has become a routine practice in the diagnosis and classification of most cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and flow cytometry is often the method of choice in many laboratories. The role that flow cytometry plays, however, extends beyond just diagnosis and classification. OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the current roles of flow cytometry in non-Hodgkin lymphoma, to compare it with immunohistochemistry, and to discuss its potential future applications in the molecular diagnostic era. DATA SOURCES The information contained herein is derived from peer-reviewed articles on the subject published in the English-language medical literature during the years 1980 to 2005 that were identified using PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi, 1980-2005) search, various books and other sources on flow cytometry, and the author's personal experience of more than 10 years with flow cytometric analysis of lymphomas and leukemia using Becton-Dickinson (San Jose, Calif) and Beckman-Coulter (Miami, Fla) flow cytometers. STUDY SELECTION Studies were selected based on adequate material and methods, statistically significant results, and adequate clinical follow-up. DATA EXTRACTION The data from various sources were compared when the methods used were the same or similar and appropriate controls were included. Most of the studies employed 2-color, 3-color, or 4-color flow cytometers with antibodies from Becton-Dickinson, Beckman-Coulter, or DakoCytomation (Carpinteria, Calif). Results were evaluated from studies utilizing the same or similar techniques and flow cytometers. Only objective data analyses from relevant and useful publications were included for reporting and discussion. DATA SYNTHESIS Flow cytometry serves a variety of roles in the field of lymphoma/leukemia including rapid diagnosis, proper classification, staging, minimal residual disease detection, central nervous system lymphoma detection, evaluation of prognostic markers, detection of target molecules for therapies, ploidy analysis of lymphoma cell DNA, and evaluation of multidrug-resistance markers. It offers many advantages in comparison to immunohistochemistry for the same roles and provides uses that are either not possible or not preferable by immunohistochemistry such as multiparameter evaluation of single cells and detection of clonality in T cells. CONCLUSIONS By virtue of its ability to evaluate not only surface but also cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens, flow cytometry continues to enjoy widespread use in various capacities in lymphoma evaluation and treatment. Additional roles for flow cytometry are likely to be invented in the future and should provide distinctive uses in the molecular era.
Activation of the striated urethral sphincter to maintain continence during dynamic tasks in healthy men

Function of the striated urethral sphincter (SUS) in men is debated. Current evidence is limited to electromyographic (EMG) recordings made with concentric needle electrodes in supine. Understanding of SUS function requires investigation of SUS EMG activity using new recording techniques in dynamic tasks. The aim of this study was to evaluate timing and amplitude of SUS EMG at rest and during dynamic tasks that challenge continence by increasing intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP).
Cost effective FPGA probabilistic fault emulation

This paper presents a cost effective FPGA fault emulation technique for probabilistic errors. The problem it addresses is how to efficiently inject faults in many locations within a circuit under test. For this purpose, the emulated fault injection (EFI) components proposed are a trade-off between the desire for speed/performance and the inherent physical device limitations of the FPGA. The proposed method also allows exploring the best option for this trade-off with minimal effort. The proposed solution allows enough flexibility to be able to deal with the different EFI architectures selectable by minor code intervention. An analysis of the overhead introduced by EFI components when varying the number of fault locations has been provided. Furthermore, this paper presents a case study of two ISCAS benchmark circuits in order to test our methodologies and to highlight the differences for combinatorial and a sequential circuits. It is shown that the number of fault locations can be increased more than 20 times with similar overhead than other state of the art methods reported in the literature.
A Restarted Strategy for Efficient Subsumption Testing

We study runtime distributions of subsumption testing. On graph data randomly sampled from two different generative models we observe a gradual growth of the tails of the distributions as a function of the problem instance location in the phase transition space. To avoid the heavy tails, we design a randomized restarted subsumption testing algorithm RESUMER2. The algorithm is complete in that it correctly decides both subsumption and non-subsumption in finite time. A basic restarted strategy is augmented by allowing certain communication between odd and even restarts without losing the exponential runtime distribution decay guarantee resulting from mutual independence of restart pairs. We empirically test RESUMER2 against the state-of-the-art subsumption algorithm Django on generated graph data as well as on the predictive toxicology challenge (PTC) data set. RESUMER2 performs comparably with Django for relatively small examples (tens to hundreds of literals), while for further growing example sizes, RESUMER2 becomes vastly superior.