Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-aqueous Titration of Gatifloxacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations using Perchloric Acid

SUMMARY. An inexpensive, simple, precise and rapid method for the determination of fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin in tablets is described. The procedure is based on the use of volumetric dosage in a non-aqueous medium in glacial acetic acid with 0.1 M perchloric acid. The method validation yielded good results and included the precision, recovery and accuracy. It was also found that the excipients in the commercial tablet preparation did not interfere with the assay. RESUMEN. Se describe un me todo rapido, simple, econo mico y preciso para la determinacio n de la fluoroquinona gatifloxacina en comprimidos. El procedimiento est a basado en el uso de dosaje volume trico en un medio no acuoso de acido ace tico glacial con acido perclo rico 0,1 M. La validacio n del me todo produjo buenos resultados que incluyen precisio n, recuperacio n y seguridad. Se encontro ademas que los excipientes del comprimido no interfieren en el ensayo.
A lower-power, high-sensitivity injection-locked oscillator for 60 GHz WPAN applications

- This article presents a 60 GHz low-power injection-locked oscillator in TSMC 65 om technology. By using the frequency sweeping technique, a simulated 7 GHz total locking range is achieved, which covers the entire 60 GHz ISM band. The simulated settling time is less than 2 ns for each sweeping step with ·60 dBm injection power. The DC power consumption is 1 mW of the oscillator core, and 5 mW in total for the input and output butTers, which are mainly used for the matching purpose.
A Comparison of Dual-Kinect and Vicon Tracking of Human Motion for Use in Robotic Motion Programming

Motion capture systems can acquire human body motion for use in programming robotic applications that mimic human motion. Activities such as traffic control and aircraft marshalling could be automated using robots that replicate realistic human motions. In order to develop such robotic systems, natural human motion must be studied and parameterized. Microsoft Kinect V2 is a non-invasive, low-cost camera primarily used in the video gaming industry which can be used for human motion analysis. This study evaluates the joint-tracking abilities of a dual-Kinect system and compares it to a Vicon 3D Motion Capture system. The dual-Kinect system provides robust and accurate tracking of complex upper-body motions.
A soft multi-axial force sensor to assess tissue properties in RealTime

Objective: This work presents a method for the use of a soft multi-axis force sensor to determine tissue trauma in Minimally Invasive Surgery. Despite recent developments, there is a lack of effective haptic sensing technology employed in instruments for Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS). There is thus a clear clinical need to increase the provision of haptic feedback and to perform real-time analysis of haptic data to inform the surgical operator. This paper establishes a methodology for the capture of real-time data through use of an inexpensive prototype grasper. Fabricated using soft silicone and 3D printing, the sensor is able to precisely detect compressive and shear forces applied to the grasper face. The sensor is based upon a magnetic soft tactile sensor, using variations in the local magnetic field to determine force. The performance of the sensing element is assessed and a linear response was observed, with a max hysteresis error of 4.1% of the maximum range of the sensor. To assess the potential of the sensor for surgical sensing, a simulated grasping study was conducted using ex vivo porcine tissue. Two previously established metrics for prediction of tissue trauma were obtained and compared from recorded data. The normalized stress rate (kPa.mm−1) of compression and the normalized stress relaxation (ΔσR) were analyzed across repeated grasps. The sensor was able to obtain measures in agreement with previous research, demonstrating future potential for this approach. In summary this work demonstrates that inexpensive soft sensing systems can be used to instrument surgical tools and thus assess properties such as tissue health. This could help reduce surgical error and thus benefit patients.
Association Study of a Functional Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genetic Polymorphism with Age of Onset, Cognitive Function, Symptomatology and Prognosis in Chronic Schizophrenia

The gene coding for catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which is involved in the metabolism of catecholamines, has long been implicated as a candidate gene for schizophrenia. This study aimed to assess the relationship between a functional polymorphism (Val158Met) of the COMT gene and age of onset (AOO), symptomatology, global cognitive function and prognosis in patients with schizophrenia. The study enrolled 154 patients with schizophrenia from chronic wards. Results failed to show a significant association between the Val158Met polymorphism and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale scores, but COMT Val158Met heterozygotes had a later AOO than homozygous patients. However, by further expanding the number of patients to 228 patients, the differences in AOO among the three COMT genotypic groups was not significant. The COMT Val158Met polymorphism did not appear to significantly affect susceptibility, symptomatology, global cognitive function and prognosis in Chinese patients with schizophrenia, but the possible association with AOO merits further investigation.
Activation of MKK3/6, SAPK, and ATF‐2/c‐jun in ACL fibroblasts grown in 3 dimension collagen gels in response to application of cyclic strain

Signal transduction pathways involved in response to cyclic tensile strain and strain deprivation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts grown in 3D collagen gels were investigated. Application of cyclic tensile strain resulted in significant activation (phosphorylation) of MKK3/6, SAPK and their downstream target transcription factors, ATF‐2 and c‐jun, while strain deprivation resulted in a decrease in these kinases and transcription factors. These data suggest that ACL fibroblasts cultured in 3D collagen gels respond to the mechanical environment and provide a useful system for determination of the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of proliferation and matrix turnover by mechanical load. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:397–402, 2011
Furosemide for transient tachypnea of the newborn.

BACKGROUND Transient tachypnea of the newborn results from delayed clearance of lung liquid and is a common cause of admission of full term infants to neonatal intensive care units. The condition is particularly common after elective Caesarean section. Conventional treatment involves appropriate oxygen administration and continuous positive airway pressure in some cases. Most infants receive antibiotic therapy. Hastening the clearance of lung liquid should shorten the duration of the symptoms and reduce complications. OBJECTIVES To determine whether furosemide reduces the duration of oxygen therapy and respiratory symptoms and shortens hospital stay in term infants with transient tachypnea of the newborn. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, PubMed and EMBASE. The primary author and experts in the field were contacted. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials. Infants of less than 7 days of age, born after 37 or more weeks of gestation with the clinical picture of transient tachypnea of the newborn. Intravenous, oral or nebulized furosemide compared to placebo or no diuretic in the first 7 days. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers assessed trial quality in each potentially eligible manuscript and two reviewers extracted data. MAIN RESULTS Searching revealed only one randomised trial which was methodologically sound. This recruited 50 infants with transient tachypnea. Infants were randomised to receive oral furosemide 2 mg/kg followed by 1 mg/kg 12 hours later, or placebo. Weight loss in the first 24 hours was greater in the furosemide treated group but there was no evidence of a difference between the groups in duration of tachypnea or severity of symptoms or length of hospitalization. The study was methodologically satisfactory. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Oral furosemide cannot be recommended as treatment for transient tachypnea of the newborn and it should not be used unless additional data become available. The question remains as to whether intravenous furosemide given to the infant (or even to the mother before Caesarean section) might shorten the duration of the illness. As elective Caesarean section continues at a high level, these two interventions might be worthy of trials.
Sprites in varying air density: Charge conservation, glowing negative trails and changing velocity

We study the initial downward propagation of long sprite streamers in naturally varying air density with numerical simulations on adaptively refined grids. We find that the ionization rate and the light emission from the streamer head increase approximately linearly with air density (therefore exponentially with time) while the radius hardly changes, in contradiction with a naive application of scaling laws. Charge conservation creates a negative charge and a consecutively enhanced electric field in the upper section of the streamer channel, while the head carries a growing positive charge. The high electric field in the upper part of the channel generates a secondary ionization wave and a luminous trail. The negative charging explains the emergence of upward, negative streamers from a channel and the attraction of positive heads to a previously formed channel. Finally we show that the vertical gradient in the air density initially accelerates the streamer head and subsequently slows it down, in agreement with recent observations.
Comparative Analysis of Technical Methods for Detecting Software Thefts

Software plays an important role in current computing environments, and it is protected as intellectual property of its author. However, the cases of software thefts are increasing every year. To deal with the problem, there have been researches on detecting software thefts. In this paper, we introduce technical methods for detecting software thefts, and compare characteristics of the methods according to several performance evaluation criteria.
Ku86 represses lethal telomere deletion events in human somatic cells

Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), a form of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, is conserved from bacteria to humans. One essential NHEJ factor is Ku, which consists of a heterodimer of Ku70 and Ku86. In a plethora of model systems, null mutations for Ku70 or Ku86 present with defects in DNA DSB repair, variable(diversity)joining [V(D)J] recombination, and/or telomere maintenance. The complete loss of Ku from bacteria to mice is, however, compatible with viability. In striking contrast, human patients with mutations of either Ku subunit have never been described. Here, we have used recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene targeting to produce a human somatic cell line that expresses a conditionally null allele of Ku86. The induced loss of Ku86 results in cell death accompanied by massive telomere loss in the form of t-circles. Thus, Ku86 is an essential gene in human somatic cells because of its requirement, not in NHEJ or V(D)J recombination, but in telomere maintenance.
Large-scale fluid/fluid phase separation of proteins and lipids in giant plasma membrane vesicles

The membrane raft hypothesis postulates the existence of lipid bilayer membrane heterogeneities, or domains, supposed to be important for cellular function, including lateral sorting, signaling, and trafficking. Characterization of membrane lipid heterogeneities in live cells has been challenging in part because inhomogeneity has not usually been definable by optical microscopy. Model membrane systems, including giant unilamellar vesicles, allow optical fluorescence discrimination of coexisting lipid phase types, but thus far have focused on coexisting optically resolvable fluid phases in simple lipid mixtures. Here we demonstrate that giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) or blebs formed from the plasma membranes of cultured mammalian cells can also segregate into micrometer-scale fluid phase domains. Phase segregation temperatures are widely spread, with the vast majority of GPMVs found to form optically resolvable domains only at temperatures below ≈25°C. At 37°C, these GPMV membranes are almost exclusively optically homogenous. At room temperature, we find diagnostic lipid phase fluorophore partitioning preferences in GPMVs analogous to the partitioning behavior now established in model membrane systems with liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered fluid phase coexistence. We image these GPMVs for direct visual characterization of protein partitioning between coexisting liquid-ordered-like and liquid-disordered-like membrane phases in the absence of detergent perturbation. For example, we find that the transmembrane IgE receptor FcεRI preferentially segregates into liquid-disordered-like phases, and we report the partitioning of additional well known membrane associated proteins. Thus, GPMVs now provide an effective approach to characterize biological membrane heterogeneities.
The Early History of the Baghdād Boil

The last few years have seen a great and almost universal interest in the history of medicine. It is strange that, in spite of the researches that have been made in the epidemics and diseases of ancient times, none of the writers who have worked on the various aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, as the Baghdād Boil is called in medical languagehas been able to trace the history of the disease before the nineteenth century. It is not as though it were a disease that could have escaped the notice of the ancients. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is characterized by a superficial ulcer, sometimes as large as the top of a coffee cup, which runs a slow and protracted course. It is not as though it were a disease confined to some distant and uncivilized part of the globe. It is found in South America, North Africa, and all over the Middle and Near East. Why, then, is there no history of the disease ? Where did it start ? Who can claim the honour of introducing the Bouton de Biskra into Moroccothe Baghdād Boil into 'Irāq, the Delhi Boil into India, and the Tropical Sore into non-tropical Persia ?
Staphylococci Isolated from Raw Milk of Yak and Cattle in Mongolia

Occurrence, characterization, detection of enterotoxin and antimicrobial susceptibility profile in staphylococci isolated from yak and cattle in Mongolia were investigated. Staphylococci were isolated from 72 (74%) of the 97 raw milk samples investigated. Of the samples containing staphylococci, 69% (50/72) were from yak, whereas 31% (22/72) were from cattle. Of the samples containing staphylococci, S. aureus was detected in 14% (7/50) of yak milk samples and in 68% (15/22) of cattle samples. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) was detected in 19% (5/26) of the S. aureus strains investigated. Three of the enterotoxigenic strains were from yak and two from cattle. None of the S. aureus strains tested produced SEA, SEB, or SED. The MICs of 12 antimicrobial agents for 45 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from yak and cattle were determined. Broth microdilution was used for the susceptibility testing and because of high oxacillin MICs all isolates were also subjected to oxacillin agar screening and PCR for the mecA gene. Nitrocefin test was used to determine β-lactamase production. The proportion of resistance to β-lactamse based on β-lactamase production was high (37-84%). However, no mecA gene was detected. Resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, trimethoprim and fusidic acid was recorded among isolates from both yak and cattle. Cephalothin resistance was found only among coagulase-negative staphylococci from yak.
The DNA repair function of CUX1 contributes to radioresistance

Ionizing radiation generates a broad spectrum of oxidative DNA lesions, including oxidized base products, abasic sites, single-strand breaks and double-strand breaks. The CUX1 protein was recently shown to function as an auxiliary factor that stimulates enzymatic activities of OGG1 through its CUT domains. In the present study, we investigated the requirement for CUX1 and OGG1 in the resistance to radiation. Cancer cell survival following ionizing radiation is reduced by CUX1 knockdown and increased by higher CUX1 expression. However, CUX1 knockdown is sufficient by itself to reduce viability in many cancer cell lines that exhibit high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, clonogenic results expressed relative to that of non-irradiated cells indicate that CUX1 knockdown confers no or modest radiosensitivity to cancer cells with high ROS. A recombinant protein containing only two CUT domains is sufficient for rapid recruitment to DNA damage, acceleration of DNA repair and increased survival following radiation. In agreement with these findings, OGG1 knockdown and treatment of cells with OGG1 inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to radiation. Together, these results validate CUX1 and more specifically the CUT domains as therapeutic targets.
6 Degrees-of-freedom manipulation with a transparent, tangible object in world-fixed virtual reality displays

We propose Specimen Box, an interaction technique that allows world-fixed display (such as CAVEs) users to naturally hold a plausible physical object while manipulating virtual content inside it. This virtual content is rendered based on the tracked position of the box. Specimen Box provides the weight and tactile feel of an actual object and does not occlude rendered objects in the scene. The end result is that the user sees the virtual content as if it exists inside the clear physical box. We conducted a user study which involved a cognitively loaded inspection task requiring extensive manipulation of the box. We compared Specimen Box to Grab-and-Twirl, a naturalistic bimanual manipulation technique that closely mimics the mechanics of our proposed technique. Results show that performance was significantly faster with Specimen Box. Further, performance of the control technique was positively affected by experience with Specimen Box.
Contradiction in Reviews: Is it Strong or Low?

Analysis of opinions (reviews) generated by users becomes increasingly exploited by a variety of applications. It allows to follow the evolution of the opinions or to carry out investigations on web resource (e.g. courses, movies, products). The detection of contradictory opinions is an important task to evaluate the latter. This paper focuses on the problem of detecting and estimating contradiction intensity based on the sentiment analysis around specific aspects of a resource. Firstly, certain aspects are identified, according to the distributions of the emotional terms in the vicinity of the most frequent names in the whole of the reviews. Secondly, the polarity of each review segment containing an aspect is estimated using the state-of-the-art approach SentiNeuron. Then, only the resources containing these aspects with opposite polarities (positive, negative) are considered. Thirdly, a measure of the intensity of the contradiction is introduced. It is based on the joint dispersion of the polarity and the rating of the reviews containing the aspects within each resource. The evaluation of the proposed approach is conducted on the Massive Open Online Courses collection containing 2244 courses and their 73,873 reviews, collected from Coursera. The results revealed the effectiveness of the proposed approach to detect and quantify contradictions.
The correlation of ultrasonographic placental architecture with placental histology in the low-risk primigravid population

Abstract Aim: To determine the association, if any, between placental architecture findings assessed ultrasonographically at 22 and 36 weeks and placental histology. Methods: There was prospective recruitment of 1011 low-risk primigravids from the antenatal clinic at the Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. Ultrasound of the placenta was performed at 22 and 36 weeks and histological assessment was made of the placenta of all participants. Results: Complete data pertaining to ultrasound and placental histology was available for 810 women (80%). Placental calcification on ultrasound in the third trimester was associated with a higher incidence of placental infarction identified following placental histology (80.0% vs. 21.5%; P=0.009: r=0.115). The placental thickness on ultrasound in the second trimester was less in cases complicated by chorioamnionitis (2.62 cm vs. 3.07 cm; P=0.039: r=–0.176). Chronic villitis was associated with a statistically significant increased incidence of antenatal placental infarction identified on ultrasound in the third trimester (10.7% vs. 1.9%; P=0.020: r=0.113). Intervillous thrombi occurred more frequently in cases with reduced placental thickness on ultrasound in the second trimester (3.0 cm vs. 3.3 cm; P=0.035: r=–0.171). Conclusions: Antenatal ultrasound of the placenta may aid detection of placental disease, particularly in the identification of placental infarction.
Anticholinesterases: Medical Applications of Neurochemical Principles

Abstract: Cholinesterases form a family of serine esterases that arise in animals from at least two distinct genes. Multiple forms of these enzymes can be precisely localized and regulated by alternative mRNA splicing and by co‐ or posttranslational modifications. The high catalytic efficiency of the cholinesterases is quelled by certain very selective reversible and irreversible inhibitors. Owing largely to the important role of acetylcholine hydrolysis in neurotransmission, cholinesterase and its inhibitors have been studied extensively in vivo. In parallel, there has emerged an equally impressive enzyme chemistry literature. Cholinesterase inhibitors are used widely as pesticides; in this regard the compounds are beneficial with concomitant health risk. Poisoning by such compounds can result in an acute but usually manageable medical crisis and may damage the CNS and the PNS, as well as cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue. Some inhibitors have been useful for the treatment of glaucoma and myasthenia gravis, and others are in clinical trials as therapy for Alzheimer's dementia. Concurrently, the most potent inhibitors have been developed as highly toxic chemical warfare agents. We review treatments and sequelae of exposure to selected anticholinesterases, especially organophosphorus compounds and carbamates, as they relate to recent progress in enzyme chemistry.
The reweighed greedy analysis pursuit algorithm for the cosparse analysis model

Recently, a cosparse analysis model has been introduced as an interesting alternative to the sparse representation synthesis model. This model is focused on zero elements in the analysis representation vector rather than non-zero elements. Hence, finding cosparse solutions is a problem of important significance in signal processing. In this paper, we construct an adaptive weighted matrix in the greedy analysis pursuit algorithm and propose the reweighed greedy analysis pursuit (ReGAP) algorithm for cosparse signal reconstruction with noise. Using a weighted matrix, we fill the gap between greedy and convex relaxation techniques. Theoretical analysis shows that our algorithm is convergent. We estimate the error bound of ReGAP algorithm with cosparse analysis model, and then simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm is feasible and effective.