Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An incremental approach for temporal analysis in networks with imprecise activity and time lag durations

This paper proposes algorithms for computing the possible values of the latest starting times and maximal floats in a network with imprecise activity and time lag durations, represented by means of interval or fuzzy numbers. Although these problems have been solved when the activity durations are imprecise, we propose polynomial algorithms which can handle the imprecision in time lags of the precedence relations and are simpler than the previously algorithms. Inserting the imprecise time lags in the network leads the proposed algorithms to be more practical. After positioning this paper in the scope of project scheduling under uncertainty, the algorithms for computing of the interval value of latest starting times and maximal floats of activities in networks with interval activity and time lag durations are proposed. Then, the interval activity and time lag durations are generalized into fuzzy numbers.
Cervical cancer screening: hTERC gene amplification detection by FISH in comparison with conventional methods

Aim: To assess the clinical significance of hTERC amplification for cervical cancer screening detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and compare it with that of current screening methods within the same group. Methods: A total of one hundred and nine women were recruited in this study. All of them had liquid-based thin-prep cytologic test (TCT), human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing and hTERC gene amplification analysis using interphase two-color FISH. In addition, colposcopically directed biopsy and/or cone biopsy were conducted for definite histopathologic diagnosis for each case. The optimal threashold of hTERC gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were assecced by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results of hTERC gene amplification analysis were compared with the cytological analysis, HPV DNA testing and those of subsequent biopsies. Results: Among the 109 patients, 18 were benign lesion, 17 were LSIL, 66 were HSIL and 8 were invasive carcinoma of cervix (ICC). Of them, hTERC-positive cases were found in 0.0% (0/18) of normal specimens, 11.8% (2/17) of LSIL, 72.7% (48/66) of HSIL and 100.0% (8/8) of ICC, respectively. The positive rate of hTERC gene amplification was significantly higher in HSIL and ICC compared with normal and LSIL (all P < 0.01). The optimal cut-off point of percentages of cells with hTERC amplification was determined as 5.5%. Using this threshold the hTERC test reached a much higher specificity(94.3%, 33/35) and a relatively lower sensitivity(77.0%, 57/74) to distinguish benign lesion and LSIL from HSIL and ICC in comparison with HR-HPV test (51.4%; 91.9%) and TCT (74.3%; 81.1%). Area Under the Curve revealed that hTERC amplification test performed more accurately (area under the curve = 0.857) compared to HPV test (area under the curve = 0.717) and cytology(area under the curve = 0.777) to discriminate HSIL or higher from LSIL or lower. This study also found a significant positive correlation between positive hTERC gain and HR-HPV infection, abnormal cytological or histopathologic lesions (all P < 0.01) in patients with cervical diseases. Conclusion: hTERC amplification testing may be a promising adjunct to screen women for cervical precancer or cancer with high specificity and accuracy.
Concurrent Generation of Subplate and Cortical Plate Neurons in Developing Trisomy 16 Mouse Cortex

During embryonic development of the mammalian cerebral cortex, the generation of the marginal zone (MZ) and subplate (SP) precedes that of the cortical plate (CP). MZ and SP neurons are believed to play a ‘pioneering’ role in directing the organization of the CP and the specificity of connections between the CP and other brain regions. Here we report that this sequential order of neurogenesis is disrupted in the trisomy 16 (Ts16) mouse, a potential animal model of Down syndrome. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling was used to establish the date of generation of postmitotic SP and CP neurons in the somatosensory cortex. As has been previously reported, most SP neurons in euploid (control) cortex were generated on embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5), and production of CP neurons began a day later. In contrast, in the Ts16 cortex, few SP neurons were born on E12.5 and most were generated on E13.5 and E14.5 when CP neurons were also being produced. Thus, in the Ts16 cortex, many CP neurons are born and arrive at their destinations before the normal complement of SP neurons is present. This disruption of the temporal sequence of SP and CP generation may, therefore, interfere with the pioneering functions of the SP during cortical neurogenesis and may alter the connectivity of the cortex. Indeed, using lipophilic membrane tracers to label axonal projections, we found very little thalamocortical innervation of the Ts16 SP at an age when there is extensive innervation of the euploid SP.
Performance of generator protection relays during off-nominal frequency operation

This paper reviews the protection requirements for generators during periods of off-nominal frequency operation. It investigates the behavior of instrument transformers during these periods as well as the impact of frequency on the accuracy of protection operating quantities. Traditional methods for frequency tracking and compensation are reviewed. A novel approach, which provides excellent performance for very significant frequency deviations and can accommodate multiple frequency islands, is presented.
Bioassay detection of mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) in the brain of adult mice

Two pools of seven brains each from adult Swiss‐Webster mice were homogenized, and supernatants were collected for bioassay. PC‐12 cells were placed in a bioassay plate at time zero, at a concentration of 104 cells per well, and primed for 48 hours in a medium containing 50 ng/ml of mNGF. The PC‐12 cell bioassay for neurite outgrowth was conducted after primed cells were exposed to an NGF‐free medium for 24 hours. Suitable controls for serum toxicity and cell viability were established. The sensitivity of the bioassay approximates 100 pg NGF/ml. The results showed 80–100% neurite outgrowth in wells exposed to brain pool supernatant (BPS) alone, and control level outgrowth (3–8%) in wells containing BPS and specific anti‐β‐NGF antibody. Therefore, the brains of Swiss‐Webster adult mice contain an NGF‐like substance which promotes neurite outgrowth in PC‐12 cells. The substance probably is NGF itself, since the effect is blocked by specific NGF antiserum.
Design and Analysis of a Novel PM-Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine With Axially Integrated Magnets by the Finite-Element Method

This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel permanent-magnet (PM)-assisted synchronous reluctance machine (PMA-SynRM) with axially integrated magnets for improving machine performance by using a finite-element method (FEM). The proposed PMA-SynRM features a simple structure with high performance by incorporating the advantages of a SynRM and a surface-mounted PM machine (SPMM). In particular, the rotor parts of the SynRM and SPMM are assembled to make the “<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis” located 45° (elec.) from the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$d$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Thus, the magnetic torque and reluctance torque of the proposed PMA-SynRM reach the maximum values at the same current phase angle, for efficient production of the total torque. To highlight the advantages of the proposed PMA-SynRM, a conventional PMA-SynRM is adopted for comparison under the same operating conditions. The FEM analysis results finally demonstrate that the proposed PMA-SynRM has a higher total torque and power factor, as well as greatly reduced torque ripple, when compared to the conventional PMA-SynRM with the same magnet amounts. In addition, the Mises stress analysis indicates that the configuration of the proposed PMA-SynRM exhibits the advantage of avoiding stress deterioration in the rotor ribs.
Computational Technique for an Efficient Classification of Protein Sequences With Distance‐Based Sequence Encoding Algorithm

Machine learning is being implemented in bioinformatics and computational biology to solve challenging problems emerged in the analysis and modeling of biological data such as DNA, RNA, and protein. The major problems in classifying protein sequences into existing families/superfamilies are the following: the selection of a suitable sequence encoding method, the extraction of an optimized subset of features that possesses significant discriminatory information, and the adaptation of an appropriate learning algorithm that classifies protein sequences with higher classification accuracy. The accurate classification of protein sequence would be helpful in determining the structure and function of novel protein sequences. In this article, we have proposed a distance‐based sequence encoding algorithm that captures the sequence's statistical characteristics along with amino acids sequence order information. A statistical metric‐based feature selection algorithm is then adopted to identify the reduced set of features to represent the original feature space. The performance of the proposed technique is validated using some of the best performing classifiers implemented previously for protein sequence classification. An average classification accuracy of 92% was achieved on the yeast protein sequence data set downloaded from the benchmark UniProtKB database.
Dişbudak (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) odununun boyutsal stabilizasyonu üzerine ısıl işlemin etkisi

Disbudak ( Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) odununun boyutsal stabilizasyonu uzerine isil islemin etkisi Ozet: Bu calismada, Turkiye’de dogal olarak yetisen disbudak ( Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) odununun boyutsal stabilizasyonu uzerine isil islemin etkisi arastirilmistir. Disbudak orneklerine su buhari ortaminda, farkli sicaklik (120, 160, 190 ve 210 °C) ve surelerde (3, 6 ve 9 saat) isil islem uygulanmistir. Deney ornekleri uzerinde, su alma orani (SAO), su itici etkinlik (SIE), genislemeyi onleyici etkinlik (GET) ve ATR-FTIR analizleri gerceklestirilmistir. Genel olarak isil islem sicaklik ve suresinin artisi ile SAO’larinda azalmalar meydana gelir iken, SIE ve GET degerlerinde artislar tespit edilmistir. Isil islem sicakliginin artisina bagli olarak, -OH gerilme titresimine ait piklerin absorbans degerlerinde azalmalar tespit edilmistir. Ozellikle 190 °C’de 3 saatlik uygulamada GET degerleri hizli bir artis ile %40’in uzerine cikmistir. Disbudak odununun en yuksek boyutsal stabilite degerleri (%58.4), en yuksek isil islem sicaklik ve suresinde (210 °C ve 9 saat) elde edilmistir. Sonuc olarak, isil islem uygulamasi ile disbudaktan uretilen masif odun urunlerinin kalite ve degerlerinin zehirleyici kimyasallar kullanilmadan artirilabilecegi gorulmustur. Received (Gelis): 13.05. 2016 - Revised (Duzeltme): 06.06. 2016 - Accepted (Kabul): 10.06. 2016
Enhanced Alcaligenes faecalis Denitrification Rate with Electrodes as the Electron Donor

ABSTRACT The utilization by Alcaligenes faecalis of electrodes as the electron donor for denitrification was investigated in this study. The denitrification rate of A. faecalis with a poised potential was greatly enhanced compared with that of the controls without poised potentials. For nitrate reduction, although A. faecalis could not reduce nitrate, at three poised potentials of +0.06, −0.06, and −0.15 V (versus normal hydrogen electrode [NHE]), the nitrate was partially reduced with −0.15- and −0.06-V potentials at rates of 17.3 and 28.5 mg/liter/day, respectively. The percentages of reduction for −0.15 and −0.06 V were 52.4 and 30.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, for nitrite reduction, the poised potentials greatly enhanced the nitrite reduction. The nitrite reduction rates for three poised potentials (−0.06, −0.15, and −0.30 V) were 1.98, 4.37, and 3.91 mg/liter/h, respectively. When the potentials were cut off, the nitrite reduction rate was maintained for 1.5 h (from 2.3 to 2.25 mg/liter/h) and then greatly decreased, and the reduction rate (0.38 mg/liter/h) was about 1/6 compared with the rate (2.3 mg/liter/h) when potential was on. Then the potentials resumed, but the reduction rate did not resume and was only 2 times higher than the rate when the potential was off.
Relational support in families with adolescents.

To better understand what determines the support that family members perceive in dyadic family relationships, this study tested to what extent the perceiver, the partner, their specific relationship, and the family determine perceived support, and whether these effects differ for horizontal (i.e., marital and sibling) versus vertical (i.e., parent-child) relationships, or for different types of perceivers (i.e., parents versus adolescents). Two parents and two adolescents in 288 Dutch families judged the support perceived from each other. Social relations model analysis showed support perceptions to be more determined by the perceiver than by the partner, partly relationship specific, partly generation specific, and partly family specific. Relationship-specific support and reciprocity are more important in horizontal relationships than in vertical ones. Adolescents' support perceptions were more perceiver determined than were parents' perceptions.
Effect of loading on field uniformity: Energy diffusion in reverberant environments

In reverberant electromagnetic environments such as reverberation chambers, shielding enclosures, vehicles and buildings, the electromagnetic energy density is often assumed to be uniform and the direction of arrival of electromagnetic waves (Poynting vector) and their polarisation is assumed uniformly distributed. This is the basis of the power balance method for electromagnetic coupling analysis and much of the theory of reverberation chambers. However significant field inhomogeneity is often encountered in practice when significant losses are present. In this paper we show why this must be so when an energy flow exists from the source of energy to absorptive elements, and how the non-uniformity can be determined using a diffusion based solution. The diffusion based solution, though not as computationally efficient as the power balance method, is still much more efficient than a full-wave approach.
A Statistical Analysis of Indoor Multipath Fading for a Narrowband Wireless Body Area Network

A thorough statistical analysis of multipath effects for on-body propagation channels in wireless body area networks (WBANs) is presented. Experiments were conducted at 868 MHz for both stationary and mobile scenarios in an anechoic chamber and two typical indoor environments. When the WBAN is stationary, fading in bodyworn channels is determined by body-centric processes with Nakagami fading (m Gt 1) shown to provide the optimum fit. Equivalent Rician KdB-factors for these channels are also shown to be high, peaking at 36.1 dB for channels which cross the anterior chest region. However, mobile fading channels were predominantly Rice distributed in multipath environments. Movement in a multipath environment also caused a reduction in m and K values beyond that observed in anechoic conditions
In vivo kinematics and kinetics of a bi‐cruciate substituting total knee arthroplasty: A combined fluoroscopic and gait analysis study

After total knee arthroplasty, changes in articular surface geometry, soft tissue treatment, and component alignment can alter normal lower limb function. The guided motion bi‐cruciate substituting prosthesis was designed specifically to restore physiological knee joint motion. We determined whether this design could in vivo normal kinematics and kinetics, not only at the replaced knee, but also throughout both lower limbs. Sixteen patients (4 male, 12 female, mean age of 68.2 years with a range from 58 to 79 years) with primary knee osteoarthritis were implanted with the bi‐cruciate substituting prosthesis. At 6‐month follow‐up, knee joint kinematics was assessed by video‐fluoroscopy during stair‐climbing, chair‐rising/sitting, and step‐up/down. Lower limb overall function was also assessed on the same day by standard gait analysis with simultaneous electromyography during level walking. By video‐fluoroscopy, mean anteroposterior translations between femoral and tibial components during the three motor tasks were 9.7 ± 3.0, 10 ± 2.6, and 6.9 ± 3.5 mm on the medial compartment, and 14.3 ± 3.5, 18.5 ± 3.0, and 13.9 ± 3.8 mm on the lateral compartment, respectively. Axial rotation ranged from 5.6° to 26.2°. Gait analysis revealed restoration of nearly normal walking patterns in most patients. This rare combination of measurements, i.e., accurate rotation‐translation at the replaced knee and complete locomotion patterns at both lower limb joints, suggested that bi‐cruciate substituting arthroplasty can restore physiological knee motion and normal overall function. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1569–1575, 2009
Seismic Behaviour of RC Knee Joints in Closing and Opening Actions

Abstract—Knee joints, the beam column connections found at the roof level of a moment resisting frame buildings, are inherently different from conventional interior and exterior beam column connections in the way that forces from adjoining members are transferred into joint and then resisted by the joint. A knee connection has two distinct load resisting mechanisms, each for closing and opening actions acting simultaneously under reversed cyclic loading. In spite of many distinct differences in the behaviour of shear resistance in knee joints, there are no special design provisions in the major design codes available across the world due to lack of in-depth research on the knee connections. To understand the relative importance of opening and closing actions in design, it is imperative to study knee joints under varying shear stresses, especially at higher opening-to-closing shear stress ratios. Three knee joint specimens, under different input shear stresses, were designed to produce a varying ratio of input opening to closing shear stresses. The design was carried out in such a way that the ratio of flexural strength of beams with consideration of axial forces in opening to closing actions are maintained at 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0, thereby resulting in the required variation of opening to closing joint shear stress ratios among the specimens. The behaviour of these specimens was then carefully studied in terms of closing and opening capacities, hysteretic behaviour, and envelope curves to understand the differences in joint performance based on which an attempt to suggest design guidelines for knee joints is made emphasizing the relative importance of opening and closing actions. Specimens with relatively higher opening stresses were observed to be more vulnerable under the action of seismic loading.
Chemical and biological characterization of a gonococcal growth inhibitor produced by Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolated from urogenital flora

The purified antigonococcal substance produced by Staphylococcus haemolyticus no. 7 has shown a broad antigonococcal spectrum and a narrow antibacterial spectrum. The inhibitor produced in vitro was also active in the guinea pig subcutaneous chamber. The inhibitor has shown hemolytic activity; the human, horse, and mouse erythrocytes were the most susceptible. Hemolytic and antigonococcal activities were inhibited in the presence of phosphatidylcholine. The amino acid composition of the antigonococcal substance was characterized by the absence of proline, tyrosine, histidine, cysteine, and tryptophan. The molecular weight was found to be 2,565, and the major isoelectric points were 4.8 and 4.9 in the presence of 8 M urea and 4.6 without urea. The inhibitor has some properties similar to those of the delta toxin of Staphylococcus aureus, although the two substances are different based mainly on their chemical characteristics. Also an antiserum directed against the gonococcal inhibitor did not give a precipitation line with the delta toxin, indicating that the two substances are antigenically unrelated.
Sign language interpretation using linear discriminant analysis and local binary patterns

This paper presents a computer vision-based hand sign gesture recognition system for sign language interpretation. Haar-like feature-based cascaded classifier is used for hand area detection. Hand gestures portraying sign language are recognized using Linear Discriminant Analysis and Local Binary Pattern based feature extractors separately. The sign gestures are classified using Nearest Neighbor algorithm. For testing the system the Chinese and Bangladeshi Numeral Gesture datasets are prepared containing sign gestures describing the numerals of 0 to 9 for the respective languages. The mean accuracy of LDA based sign language interpretation on the Chinese numeral gesture dataset is 92.417% and on the Bangladeshi numeral gesture dataset is 88.55%. The mean accuracy of LBP based sign language interpretation on the Chinese numeral gesture dataset is 87.13% and on the Bangladeshi numeral gesture dataset is 85.10%.
Research on Reasoning and Modeling of Solving Mathematics Situation Word Problems of Primary Schools

This research developed a web-based reasoning of mathematical situation word problems using the natural language processing technology. Our system provided the steps of morphological analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis and rule judgment to infer the semantic structure and operational structure of situation word problems. It also adopted the language of MathML and SVG to provide the web-based illustration of solving procedure in mathematical situation word problems. Keywords: situation word problem; natural language processing; MathML; SVG
Simulation of Photovoltaics for Defence and Commercial Applications by Extending Existing 3D Authoring Software - A Validation Study

The use of photovoltaic (PV) technology for the harvesting of renewable energy is a reality and is widely employed today. However this is mainly focused towards house and industry energy harvesting. Recent development in thin and flexible materials mean that photovoltaic technology can be integrated into wearable computing and expanded to other commercial as well as defence applications. This paper presents work under the Solar Soldier project that is developing a new photovoltaic simulation platform, based on flexible/wearable PVs and by extending commercial 3D design, animation and light analysis software, namely 3DS Max Design. The platform currently under development will allow the semi-automatic simulation of different scenarios and will also enable the unique feature of lighting analysis and data export of animated objects, which currently do not exist in other systems. This paper also presents a validation study of the light analysis simulation platform against actual light measurements in an outdoor scenario. This is one of the first systematic and thorough validation studies of 3DS Max Design focusing exclusively in outdoor conditions as all previous studies have focused mainly in indoor settings scenarios. The study results are extremely encouraging showing that the actual measurements and those simulated in 3DS Max Design are very similar.
Prevention of distal flap necrosis in a rat random skin flap model by gene electrotransfer delivering VEGF165 plasmid

Therapeutic delivery of angiogenic growth factors is a promising approach for treating ischemia observed in skin flaps and chronic wounds. Several studies have demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) helps mitigate skin flap necrosis by facilitating angiogenesis. The present study aimed to demonstrate an electrically‐mediated nonviral gene delivery approach using a non‐invasive multi‐electrode array (MEA) for effective treatment of ischemic skin flaps.