Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extracting Recombination Parameters from Impedance Measurements on Organic Solar Cells

Nongeminate recombination in organic solar cells is one of the main causes of reduced device perfor-mances. The quantiﬁcation, and the subsequent reduction, of nongeminate recombination losses requires the development of methods, which allow an accurate and reliable determination of the charge-carrier density, mobility, and lifetime. Here, we present a method, based on the charge-density dependence of the recombination current, to determine the recombination parameters from impedance measurements of organic solar cells. We show that the use of the diﬀerence between the capacitance under illumination and the capacitance in the dark for the calculation of the charge density present in the active layer, allows the identiﬁcation of the dominant recombination mechanism and the subsequent determination of either the charge-carrier lifetime or the bimolecular recombination coeﬃcient.
A cache framework for geographical feature store

The performance of data access plays an important role in Geographical Information System (GIS) applications, especially for data I/O intensive applications, such as public web service. In order to get high performance for the data access, we proposed a cache framework, where vector data are stored in distributed main memories. We will describe our framework on system level and functional level. On system level, we employ Master-Slave model to be the basic architecture of our cache system and take “read-your-write” consistency as our consistency base line. On functional level, there are three key characteristics in our framework: first, we put all the vector data into distributed memories instead of disks and take the geographical feature as basic storage unit; second, we employ the Geohash algorithm as distributed spatial index. Third, we take asynchronous, scheduled total data persistency, which help us to rebuild the cache. Compared with traditional spatial database, we bring down the Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability (ACID) demands to get high performance. Topological relationships are not ensured either here. Redis, an open-source Key/Value store project, is employed to be the base of our framework. In the experiment we carried out, the data access performance is significantly speeded up.
Ruminal metabolic parameters and milk fatty acid profile of cows grazing Marandu grass supplemented with roasted soybeans

The goal of this study was to evaluate the ruminal metabolic parameters and milk fatty acid composition of cows managed under continuous grazing on Marandu grass. Four rumen-cannulated Holstein x Gyr cows with an average milk yield of 21±2 kg day-1 and 79±16 days in milk were used in a 4 x 4 Latin Square design. Each cow received 6 kg day-1 of a concentrate formulated with 0 (control), 1.3, 2.6 or 3.9 kg of roasted soybeans (as-fed basis), which were the experimental treatments. The inclusion of roasted soybeans promoted a linear reduction in the acetate concentration, with no effect on the pH and ruminal ammonia N concentration. There was no effect of the treatments on the ruminal degradability of the dry matter and neutral detergent fiber of Marandu grass or on the kinetic parameters of the fluids in the rumen. There were linear increases in the contents of fat and total solids in the milk and a linear decrease in the milk lactose content, but there was no effect of the treatments on the yield of these components or on milk yield. There were linear increases in milk fat stearic, elaidic, oleic, linoleic and ? -linolenic acids contents, but there was no effect of the treatments on the milk fat contents of vaccenic and rumenic acids. Notably, supplementing Marandu grass with a concentrate containing up to 3.9 kg of roasted soybeans improved the nutritional quality of the milk fat due to increases in the milk fat contents of oleic and ? -linolenic acids, which are considered beneficial to human health, and reductions in the levels of lauric, myristic and palmitic, which are considered hypercholesterolemic fatty acids.
Exendin‐4 decreases liver inflammation and atherosclerosis development simultaneously by reducing macrophage infiltration

The aetiology of inflammation in the liver and vessel wall, leading to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis, respectively, shares common mechanisms including macrophage infiltration. To treat both disorders simultaneously, it is highly important to tackle the inflammatory status. Exendin‐4, a glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist, reduces hepatic steatosis and has been suggested to reduce atherosclerosis; however, its effects on liver inflammation are underexplored. Here, we tested the hypothesis that exendin‐4 reduces inflammation in both the liver and vessel wall, and investigated the common underlying mechanism.
Hyperinsulinaemia in the polycystic ovary syndrome confirmed with a specific immunoradiometric assay for insulin

OBJECTIVE Hyperinsulinaemia in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has previously been defined using polyclonal radioimmunoassays (RIA) in which partially processed insulin‐like molecules cross‐react. This study aimed to reassess hyperinsulinaemia in women with PCOS using specific immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) for insulin, proinsulin and 32–33 spilt proinsulin.
Blink detection using Doppler sensor

There have been a lot of attention paid to health and safety, such as dry eye syndrome or falling asleep while driving. Blinks are the physiological signal that reflects the degree of concentration or drowsiness, and thus the blink detection system is expected to get blink information. In many blink detection systems it is necessary to contact the equipment or use with a camera and the feeling of oppression and resistance will arise. In this paper, we propose the contactless blink detection system with Doppler sensor. With the setting of the threshold for each person and the classification of a blink and non-blink, the proposed system can detect and count blinks. It is shown that the system achieves the recall rate of 92 % as for the detection accuracy by experiment.
Integration of PBPK and Reaction Network Modelling: Predictive Xenobiotic Metabolomics

Summary Our research group has aimed to integrate computational modelling with in vitro and in vivo experimentation towards the advancement of chemical mixture toxicology while minimising animal use. In the case of complex chemical mixtures and their interactions, the computer-assisted approach of Biochemical Reaction Network Modelling offers a ray of hope. The possible linkage between this novel computational methodology and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling could result in a multi-scale computer simulation platform capable of predicting complex pathway interactions and metabolite concentrations at the molecular level up to tissue and organ concentrations at the whole organism level.
Two Endophytic Diaporthe Species Isolated from the Leaves of Astragalus membranaceus in Korea

Abstract We characterized two endophyte fungi from the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus in Korea. The isolated strains were identified on the basis of the morphological characters and sequences analysis of the internal transcribed spacer and large subunit regions of the rDNA and β-tubulin gene. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Diaporthe oncostoma and Diaporthe infecunda in Korea, and we have provided descriptions and figures.
Contribution of a neopullulanase, a pullulanase, and an alpha-glucosidase to growth of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron on starch

Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a gram-negative colonic anaerobe, can utilize three forms of starch: amylose, amylopectin, and pullulan. Previously, a neopullulanase, a pullulanase, and an alpha-glucosidase from B. thetaiotaomicron had been purified and characterized biochemically. The neopullulanase and alpha-glucosidase appeared to be the main enzymes involved in the breakdown of starch, because they were responsible for most of the starch-degrading activity detected in B. thetaiotaomicron cell extracts. To determine the importance of these enzymes in the starch utilization pathway, we cloned the genes encoding the neopullulanase and alpha-glucosidase. The gene encoding the neopullulanase (susA) was located upstream of the gene encoding the alpha-glucosidase (susB). Both genes were closely linked to another starch utilization gene, susC, which encodes a 115-kDa outer membrane protein that is essential for growth on starch. The gene encoding the pullulanase, pulI, was not located in this region in the chromosome. Disruption of the neopullulanase gene, susA, reduced the rate of growth on starch by about 30%. Elimination of susA in this strain allowed us to detect a low residual level of enzyme activity, which was localized to the membrane fraction. Previously, we had shown that a disruption in the pulI gene did not affect the rate of growth on pullulan. We have now shown that a double mutant, with a disruption in susA and in the pullulanase gene, pulI, was also able to grow on pullulan. Thus, there is at least one other starch-degrading enzyme besides the neopullulanase and the pullulanase. Disruption of the alpha-glucosidase gene, susB, reduced the rate of growth on starch only slightly. No residual alpha-glucosidase activity was detectable in extracts from this strain. Since this strain could still grow on maltose, maltotriose, and starch, there must be at least one other enzyme capable of degrading the small oligomers produced by the starch-degrading enzymes. Our results show that the starch utilization system of B. thetaiotaomicron is quite complex and contains a number of apparently redundant degradative enzymes.
An Application of Maeda's Conjecture to the Inverse Galois Problem

It is shown that Maeda’s conjecture on eigenforms of level 1 implies that for every positive even d and every p in a density-one set of primes, the simple group PSL2(Fpd) occurs as the Galois group of a number field ramifying only at p. MSC (2010): 11F11 (primary); 11F80, 11R32, 12F12 (secondary).
Treatment of supraglottic cancer by radical high dose radiotherapy

Megavoltage radiotherapy was used as a treatment in 218 patients with supraglottic cancer. Forty‐five percent had positive nodes and 43% had extralaryngeal disease. Absolute 3‐ and 5‐year survival for T1‐T2 was 70 and 60%; for T3‐T4 lesions it was 42 and 35%. Differences in survival between patients with negative nodes and those with mobile nodes was unremarkable. One percent recurred in the neck when there was no palpable node initially. Ninety‐five percent of mobile nodes were controlled when the primary was cured. The most common failure site was the larynx. Neither subglottic extension nor specific sites of extralaryngeal involvement worsened the prognosis. Eight had major radiation complications, 1 fatal, 7 requiring tracheotomy. Twenty‐five had surgery for recurrence, and 7 were salvaged. Our present policy is radiotherapy for early tumors, and for T4, if more than total laryngectomy is required. Surgery is reserved for radiation failure and often for advanced disease limited to larynx.
A Novel Series-Fed Taper Antenna Array Design

To improve the performance of microstrip antenna array, a matching-in-step (MIS) configuration of microstrip series-fed taper array is designed. Compared to the traditional one, the novel antenna array has a better VSWR characteristic. The design procedure of the MIS antenna array is discussed in detail, and some valuable results are acquired. Numerical results are obtained and a very good agreement is observed between experimental and simulated results of such arrays.
Development of a Real-Time Wireless Embedded Brain Signal Acquisition/Processing System and its Application on Driver's Drowsiness Estimation

In this paper, a portable real-time wireless embedded brain signal acquisition/processing system is developed. The proposed system integrates electroencephalogram signal amplifier technique, wireless transmission technique, and embedded real-time system. The development strategy of this system contains three parts: First, the Bluetooth protocol is used as a transmission interface and integrated with the bio-signal amplifier to transmit the measured physiological signals wirelessly. Second, the OMAP (open multimedia architecture platform) is used as a development platform and an embedded operating system for OMAP is also designed. Finally, DSP Gateway is developed as a mechanism to deal with the brain-signal analyzing tasks shared by ARM and DSP. A driver's cognitive-state estimation program has been developed and implemented on the proposed dual core processor-based real time wireless embedded system for demonstration.
Anti-angiogenesis effects of borrelidin are mediated through distinct pathways: threonyl-tRNA synthetase and caspases are independently involved in suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in endothelial cells.

Borrelidin, an antibiotic with anti-angiogenic activity, not only suppresses new capillary tube formation, but also collapses formed capillary tubes in a rat aorta culture model. Since it selectively inhibits threonyl-tRNA synthetase, we examined the effect of threonine on its anti-angiogenic activity. We found that a high concentration of threonine (1 mM) attenuated the ability of borrelidin to inhibit both capillary tube formation in the rat aorta culture model and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation, yet did not affect the ability of borrelidin to collapse formed capillary tubes or to induce apoptosis in HUVEC. Borrelidin activated caspase-3 and -8, and inhibitors of both caspase-3 and -8 suppressed borrelidin-induced apoptosis in HUVEC. Taken together, these data suggest that the anti-angiogenic effects of borrelidin are mediated through at least two mechanisms, i.e. one threonine-dependent and the other threonine-independent, and borrelidin induces apoptosis in endothelial cells via the caspase-8/-3 pathway.
Risk factors for injury to women from domestic violence.

BACKGROUND Domestic violence is the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women in the United States. To identify risk factors for such injuries, we examined the socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics of women who were victims of domestic violence and the men who injured them. METHODS We conducted a case-control study at eight large, university-affiliated emergency departments. The 256 intentionally injured women had acute injuries resulting from a physical assault by a male partner. The 659 controls were women treated for other conditions in the emergency department. Information was collected with a standardized questionnaire; no information was obtained directly from the male partners. RESULTS The 256 intentionally injured women had a total of 434 contusions and abrasions, 89 lacerations, and 41 fractures and dislocations. In a multivariate analysis, the characteristics of the partners that were most closely associated with an increased risk of inflicting injury as a result of domestic violence were alcohol abuse (adjusted relative risk, 3.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.2 to 5.9); drug use (adjusted relative risk, 3.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.0 to 6.4); intermittent employment (adjusted relative risk, 3.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.1 to 8.8); recent unemployment (adjusted relative risk, 2.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 6.5); having less than a high-school-graduate's education (adjusted relative risk, 2.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.4 to 4.4); and being a former husband, estranged husband, or former boyfriend (adjusted relative risk, 3.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 8.3). CONCLUSIONS Women at greatest risk for injury from domestic violence include those with male partners who abuse alcohol or use drugs, are unemployed or intermittently employed, have less than a high-school-graduate's education, and are former husbands, estranged husbands, or former boyfriends of the women.
The pathogenetic role of pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines in developing of diabetic myopathy in children

The level of interleukin-6 and interleukin-13 was analysed in the blood serum of children with diabetes type 1 from 11 to 17 years old. They divided into three groups: the duration of diabetes less than 1 year (1st group), the duration of diabetes from 1 to 5 years (2nd group) and over 5 years (3rd group). The group of control includes conventionally healthy children. All kids have gone through the detailed clinical examination wich included functional tests to determine the condition of skeletal muscles, such as skeletal muscle strength, muscular tissue loss, functional capability and estimation of the muscular mass. Pathogeneticic mechanism of diabetic myopathy is a result of dysbalance between proand anti-inflammatory interleukins. The first manifestations of diabetic myopathy in children occur after the 5 year of diabetes, but subclinical signs develop over the first years of disease. It appears of muscle strength decrease and violation of its functional capability.
Towards a Lightweight Authentication and Authorization Framework for Smart Objects

—The Internet of Things (IoT) represents the current technology revolution that is intended to transform the current environment into a more pervasive and ubiquitous world. In this emerging ecosystem, the application of standard security technologies has to cope with the inherent nature of constrained physical devices, which are seamlessly integrated into the Internet infrastructure. This work proposes a set of lightweight authenti- cation and authorization mechanisms in order to support smart objects during their life cycle. Furthermore, such mechanisms are framed within a proposed security framework, which is compliant with the Architectural Reference Model (ARM), re- cently presented by the EU FP7 IoT-A project. The resulting architecture is intended to provide a holistic security approach to be leveraged in the design of novel and lightweight security protocols for IoT constrained environments.
Multiobjective controller synthesis for parameter dependent descriptor systems via dilated LMI characterizations

This paper proposes dilated LMI characterizations of admissibility, D-admissibility, H¿ and H2 norms for continuous-time descriptor systems. These dilated LMIs achieve less conservative results when dealing with robust admissibility/performance analysis of affine parameter-dependent descriptor systems. Furthermore, based on these conditions, the paper presents an iterative design procedure for multiobjective state feedback control of parameter dependent descriptor systems. The main idea underlying the proposed method is to linearize the products of controller parameter K and the auxiliary variable G by assigning a part of G. When initializing the proposed algorithm, the assignment takes into account an explicit characterization of G. The effectiveness of the proposed conditions and design method is shown through some numerical examples.
Solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery system of ritonavir

Abstract Context: Ritonavir (RTV) is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor (PI) with activity against HIV, practically insoluble in water and recommended to co-administer as a booster along with other HIV-PI to enhance their bioavailability. The present study is aimed to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of water-insoluble RTV using the Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (S-SMEDDS). Objective: To enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of water-insoluble RTV using the S-SMEDDS. Material and methods: Liquid SMEDDS (L-SMEDDS) of RTV was formulated by the optimizing ratio of Imwitor 988 (Oil), Cremophor EL and Cremophor RH 40 (1:1) (surfactant) and Capmul GMS K-50 (cosurfactant). Optimized L-SMEDDS showed improved dissolution rate of RTV compared to pure RTV powder. Optimized L-SMEDDS of RTV was adsorbed on Neusilin US-2 using a simple wet granulation technique with selected excipients to convert it into S-SMEDDS. Results and discussion: Optimized L-SMEDDS showed an improved dissolution rate of RTV compared to pure RTV powder. Droplet size of resultant microemulsion of L-SMEDDS of RTV was observed between 16 and 22 nm and independent of pH (i.e. 0.1 N HCl and water). Conversion of the crystalline form of RTV to amorphous form was observed when RTV formulated into SMEDDS form as per X-ray diffraction study. In vitro dissolution study, stability study of optimized S-SMEDDS confirmed the formulation of stable and improved dissolution of RTV. Relative bioavailability of RTV was determined in male Wistar rats and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by the comparison of optimized S-SMEDDS versus aqueous suspension of RTV. S-SMEDDS improved the plasma profile in terms of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and area under curve (AUC0–24h), which is almost twofolds higher than the aqueous suspension of RTV. Conclusion: S-SMEDDS tablet of RTV was formulated successfully by adsorbing optimized L-SMEDDS of RTV on Neusilin-US2® as a potential carrier with enhanced solubility and relative oral bioavailability compared to pure RTV by twofolds.
Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry of 18F-CP-18, a Potential Apoptosis Imaging Agent, as Determined from PET/CT Scans in Healthy Volunteers

18F-CP-18, or (18S,21S,24S,27S,30S)-27-(2-carboxyethyl)-21-(carboxymethyl)-30-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-6-((2-(4-(3-F18-fluoropropyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetamido)methyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxamido)-24-isopropyl-18-methyl-17,20,23,26,29-pentaoxo-4,7,10,13-tetraoxa-16,19,22,25,28-pentaazadotriacontane-1,32-dioic acid, is being evaluated as a tissue apoptosis marker for PET imaging. The purpose of this study was to determine the biodistribution and estimate the normal-organ radiation-absorbed doses and effective dose from 18F-CP-18. Methods: Successive whole-body PET/CT scans were obtained at approximately 7, 45, 90, 130, and 170 min after intravenous injection of 18F-CP-18 in 7 healthy human volunteers. Blood samples and urine were collected between the PET/CT scans, and the biostability of 18F-CP-18 was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The PET scans were analyzed to determine the radiotracer uptake in different organs. OLINDA/EXM software was used to calculate human radiation doses based on the biodistribution of the tracer. Results: 18F-CP-18 was 54% intact in human blood at 135 min after injection. The tracer cleared rapidly from the blood pool with a half-life of approximately 30 min. Relatively high 18F-CP-18 uptake was observed in the kidneys and bladder, with diffuse uptake in the liver and heart. The mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) in the bladder, kidneys, heart, and liver at around 50 min after injection were approximately 65, 6, 1.5, and 1.5, respectively. The calculated effective dose was 38 ± 4 μSv/MBq, with the urinary bladder wall having the highest absorbed dose at 536 ± 61 μGy/MBq using a 4.8-h bladder-voiding interval for the male phantom. For a 1-h voiding interval, these doses were reduced to 15 ± 2 μSv/MBq and 142 ± 15 μGy/MBq, respectively. For a typical injected activity of 555 MBq, the effective dose would be 21.1 ± 2.2 mSv for the 4.8-h interval, reduced to 8.3 ± 1.1 mSv for the 1-h interval. Conclusion: 18F-CP-18 cleared rapidly through the renal system. The urinary bladder wall received the highest radiation dose and was deemed the critical organ. Both the effective dose and the bladder dose can be reduced by frequent voiding. From the radiation dosimetry perspective, the apoptosis imaging agent 18F-CP-18 is suitable for human use.