Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Energetics of a Possible Relativistic Jet Associated with the Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate S190425z

Advanced LIGO and Virgo (AdvLIGO/VIRGO) detectors reported the first binary neutron star merger candidate in the third observing run, S190425z , on 2019 April 25. A weak γ-ray excess was reported nearly coincidentally by the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) satellite, which accidentally covered the entire localization region of AdvLIGO/VIRGO. Electromagnetic follow-up in longer wavelengths has not lead to the detection of any associated counterparts. Here we combine the available information from gravitational wave measurements and upper limits of fluence from INTEGRAL to show that the observations are completely consistent with a relativistic Gaussian structured jet and a typical short duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) being produced in the merger. We obtain posterior bounds on the on-axis isotropic equivalent energy of the associated GRB under different prior distributions. This study demonstrates that even limited gravitational wave and electromagnetic information could be combined to produce valuable insights about outflows from mergers. Future follow-ups may help constrain the jet structure further, especially if there is an orphan afterglow detection associated with the candidate.
Natalizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis.

Correspondence: Maria Lucia Brito Ferreira; Rua Doutor José Maria, 841; 52040-000 Recife PE, Brasil; E-mail: lucabrito@uol.com. br Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest to declare. Received 23 September 2014 Accepted 01 October 2014 The last five years had as benchmark the development of new drugs for treatment of multiple sclerosis. Its treatment has become complex because other aspects must be considered on choosing therapeutic management, as previous use of immunosuppressors, time of disease and more recently virus load. This issue brings an interesting research on the controversial risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in multiple sclerosis patients treated with Natalizumab. Nali et al. present a brief review on the PML of patients submitted to Natalizumab treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and describe the results of virus load and JVC/DNA positivity in urine and blood, of a patient, after a 12 months’ follow-up. The central question of this research seems to be the identification of patients with lower or higher risk for developing PML, which must be considered on prescribing Natalizumab. PML is a devastating condition leading to death or severe disability, that can be the result of reactivation of a previous latent JCV viral infection of urinary tract. To date, there is no available method to determine which patient will have a highest risk for developing PML and, also, which association can be established between JCV/DNA positivity, JCV viremia and JCV viruria, and PML. Actual statistics demonstrate that, among 118,000 patients using Natalizumab, 401 (0.34%) developed PML. Although this is a low percentage, one must evaluate this risk to decide, with the patient, to continue or to change prescription, but it remains controversial. Despite the presence of rearranged forms of JCV virus in urine, there was no viremia or concomitant increased viral load after a 12 months treatment with Natalizumab. These findings of Nali et al. seem to reinforce the new management algorithm proposed by Sørensen, where JCV positivity may point out to another therapy. This conduct is discussed by Nali et al., on considering the risks of drug holiday after 12 months of Natalizumab treatment. A final consideration is that we still know very little on the causation of PML, and other researches will be necessary to investigate also the influence of host immunity, that seems to be relevant as we observe the discrepancy between the widespread prevalence of JCV and the rare occurrence of PML. This discrepancy suggests the influence of factors other than an altered immune system, as interactions between host and viral factors or viral alterations. This will help us on deciding the best therapy for MS patients, with less PML risk. DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20140198 EDITORIAL
Measurement of Defects in Spin Coated Polyimide Films

Polyimide is a material often used in thin film neural microelectrodes. In this work, we processed thin films from three different polyimide precursors, Pyralin PI2611, Durimide 7510 and U-Varnish S, and tested them with respect to their defect density. We regard defects as areas of any size where the insulation of the thin film is damaged. All three materials were measured with a defect density less than 0.2 cm-2. To obtain a defect free polyimide layer it is crucial to process the precursor in a particle free environment.
The tradeoff between bit error rate and link distance for a constant signal to noise ratio in Coherent Optical OFDM systems

Recently, fiber optical communication and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method are combined to obtain both advantages in a communication link called CO-OFDM. In this research, bit error rate (BER)-Distance variations are investigated for a constant signal to noise ratio (SNR) in CO-OFDM systems. Results also show the performance of the CO-OFDM system at different data rates and distances for one RF carrier and one optical carrier. There are 111 channels (C and L bands) can be used (191.4 to 185.9 THz) at 50 GHz spacing according to the Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) standards. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is the key factor to reach 1.7 Tb/s (111∗16 Gb/s) using only one optical cable utilizing C and L bands. In this research, CO-OFDM technique is modeled and simulated designing a Monte Carlo simulation. To the best of our knowledge, this work shows the first BER-Distance variations in a CO-OFDM communication link.
Classification method for prediction of multifactorial disease development using interaction between genetic and environmental factors

Multifactorial disease such as life style related diseases, for example, cancer, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction (Ml) and others, is thought to he caused by complex interactions between polygenic basis and various environmental factors. In this study, we used 22 polymorphisms on 16 candidate genes that have been characterized and potentially associated with MI in terms of biological function and 6 environmental factors. To predict development for MI and classify the subjects into personally optimum development patterns, we extracted risk factor candidates (RFCs) composed of state which is a derivative form of polymorphisms and environmental factors using statistical test and selected risk factors from RFCs using Criterion of Detecting Personal Group (CDPG) defined in this study. We could predict development of blinded data simulated as unknown their development more than 80% accuracy and identify their causal factors using CDPG.
Synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite from bovine bone for production of dental implants

This paper presents a study on the synthesis and characterization of hydroxyapatite that can be used to produce dental implants or serves as a replacement for other body hard tissues. The bioceramic material (hydroxyapatite) was derived from bovine bone samples after they were de-fatted and processed to produce particles measuring less than 250 μm. Processed bone powders were calcinated at 750℃ to obtain calcium phosphate compound (hydroxyapatite). This indicated complete elimination of the organic phase of the bone. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was physico-chemically characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), an optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hydroxyapatite powder was sintered into a block and then characterized mechanically by measuring its hardness using a Rockwell hardness testing machine. The hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the sintered blocked specimens were studied. The average wettability of the substrate, which was a characteristic of the contact angle, was found to be approximately 31.73 degrees. This contact angle value is a measure of the material hydrophilicity. The biostability/corrosive resistance of the sintered samples was simulated in vitro in phosphate buffered saline solution (pH 7.4) by incubating in an optical incubator shaker (set at 60 revolutions per minute) to mimic physiological conditions. The results showed that hydroxyapatite can be extracted economically from a natural source such as bovine bone and can be employed as a restorative biomaterial for dental implants and hard tissue replacement.
Convex Structure of the Sum Rate on the Boundary of the Feasible Set for Coexisting Radios

The power allocation that maximizes the sum rate of transceivers operating in the same frequency band is a difficult non-convex problem. In our earlier work [1], we proved that for transceivers operating under a total power constraint, the maximum sum rate occurs at the boundary of the feasible set formed by the hyper plane representing the power constraint. This finding is nontrivial considering that we are dealing with an interference limited system. In this paper, we study the convex structure of the sum rate on the boundary of the power constraint hyper plane. For two transceivers, we prove that the sum rate is always convex on the line created by the power constraint equality. In the case of three transceivers, we identify a region in the middle of the plane created by the power constraint equality, where the sum rate is concave. This is significant because it is in the middle of the boundary plane that the power allocation can be expected to be fair to all three users. We also provide a power allocation protocol and an algorithm that distribute the power among the transceivers with fairness. Simulation results are provided to support the theorems proven in the paper as well as to demonstrate the convergence of the algorithm to the global maximum sum rate. Results of the algorithm are compared with solutions based on Game theory.
MU-FuPlex: A Multiuser Full-Duplex MAC Protocol for the Next Generation Wireless Networks

The ever-increasing data demands and the density of wireless nodes require higher data rate in wireless networks. To satisfy the requirement, it is necessary to propose novel medium access control (MAC) protocols to enhance multiuser channel access and multiuser data transmission in wireless network. The existing studies prove that full-duplex (FD) is able to improve the network capability without any extra bandwidth. However, there are few studies focusing on multiuser FD MAC protocol design for the next generation wireless networks. In this paper, a multiuser FD MAC protocol named as MU-FuPlex is introduced based on our proposed system model, and the interference information collection, FD transmit opportunity (FD-TXOP) mechanism, and frame format design for MU-FuPlex are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work focusing on the combination of multiuser MAC and FD technology. The simulation results confirm that MU-FuPlex significantly improves the saturation throughput up to 200% compared with IEEE 802.11 DCF.
Load Balancing in Downlink LTE Self-Optimizing Networks

In this paper we present system level simulation results of a self-optimizing load balancing algorithm in a long-term-evolution (LTE) mobile communication system. Based on previous work, we evaluate the network performance of this algorithm that requires the load of a cell as input and controls the handover parameters. We compare the results for different simulation setups: for a basic, regular network setup, a non-regular grid with different cell sizes and also for a realistic scenario based on measurements and realistic traffic setup.
Outbreak of Multidrug Resistant NDM-1-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Neonatal Unit in Shandong Province, China

Despite worldwide dissemination of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase1 (blaNDM-1), outbreaks remain uncommon in China. In this study, we describe the characteristics of the outbreak-related blaNDM-1-producing K. pneumonia isolates in a neonatal unit in Shandong province, China. We recovered 21 non-repetitive carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates with a positively modified Hodge test (MHT) or EDTA synergistic test from patients and environmental samples in Shandong provincial hospital. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data show K. pneumoniae isolates from 19 patients were clonally related and belong to the clonal groups ST20 and ST17. We note two outbreaks, the first caused by ST20 during August 2012 involving four patients, and the second caused by ST20 and ST17 during January 2012 and September 2013 involving fourteen patients. We found the bed railing of one patient was the source of the outbreak. We verified the presence of the blaNDM-1 gene in 21 K. pneumoniae isolates. The genes blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14, blaDHA-1, blaTEM-1 and Class I integron were also present in 18 (85.7%), 3 (14.3%), 18 (85.7%), 19 (90.5%) and 19 (90.5%) isolates, respectively. We also found an isolate with both blaNDM-1 and blaIMP-4. All of the isolates exhibited a multidrug-resistance phenotype. The β-lactam resistance of 20 isolates was transferable via conjugation. In addition, we show the resistance of 21 K. pneumoniae isolates to carbapenem is not related to lack of outer-membrane proteins OmpK35 and OmpK36 nor overpression of efflux pumps. This study provides the first report confirming blaNDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae ST20 and ST17 were associated with outbreak. Early detection of resistance genes is an effective strategy in preventing and controlling infection by limiting the dissemination of these organisms.
On Gauss-Bonnet black hole entropy

We investigate the entropy of black holes in Gauss-Bonnet and Lovelock gravity using the Noether charge approach, in which the entropy is given as the integral of a suitable (n - 2) form charge over the event horizon. We compare the results to those obtained in other approaches. We also comment on the appearance of negative entropies in some cases, and show that there is an additive ambiguity in the definition of the entropy which can be appropriately chosen to avoid this problem.
Single-Cell Isolation and Gene Analysis: Pitfalls and Possibilities

During the last two decades single-cell analysis (SCA) has revealed extensive phenotypic differences within homogenous cell populations. These phenotypic differences are reflected in the stochastic nature of gene regulation, which is often masked by qualitatively and quantitatively averaging in whole tissue analyses. The ability to isolate transcripts and investigate how genes are regulated at the single cell level requires highly sensitive and refined methods. This paper reviews different strategies currently used for SCA, including harvesting, reverse transcription, and amplification of the RNA, followed by methods for transcript quantification. The review provides the historical background to SCA, discusses limitations, and current and future possibilities in this exciting field of research.
Microstructure-based numerical simulation of the mechanical behaviour of ocular tissue

This paper aims to present a novel full-eye biomechanical material model that incorporates the characteristics of ocular tissues at microstructural level, and use the model to analyse the age-related stiffening in tissue behaviour. The collagen content in ocular tissues, as obtained using X-ray scattering measurements, was represented by sets of Zernike polynomials that covered both the cornea and sclera, then used to reconstruct maps of collagen fibril magnitude and orientation on the three-dimensional geometry of the eye globe. Fine-mesh finite-element (FE) models with eye-specific geometry were built and supported by a user-defined material model (UMAT), which considered the regional variation of fibril density and orientation. The models were then used in an iterative inverse modelling study to derive the material parameters that represent the experimental behaviour of ocular tissues from donors aged between 50 and 90 years obtained in earlier ex vivo studies. Sensitivity analysis showed that reducing the number of directions that represented the anisotropy of collagen fibril orientation at each X-ray scattering measurement point from 180 to 16 would have limited and insignificant effect on the FE solution (0.08%). Inverse analysis resulted in material parameters that provided a close match with experimental intraocular pressure–deformation behaviour with a root mean square of error between 3.6% and 4.3%. The results also demonstrated a steady increase in mechanical stiffness in all ocular regions with age. A constitutive material model based on distributions of collagen fibril density and orientation has been developed to enable the accurate representation of the biomechanical behaviour of ocular tissues. The model offers a high level of control of stiffness and anisotropy across ocular globe, and therefore has the potential for use in planning surgical and medical procedures.
Oxidative stress induced by Se-deficient high-energy diet implicates neutrophil dysfunction via Nrf2 pathway suppression in swine

The mechanism of the interaction between Se deficiency and high energy remains limited. The aim of the current study was to identify whether Se-deficient, high-energy diet can induce oxidative stress, and downregulate the Nrf2 pathway and phagocytic dysfunction of neutrophils. We detected the phagocytic activity, ROS production, protein levels of Nrf2 and Nrf2 downstream target genes, and the mRNA levels of 25 selenoproteins, heat shock proteins, and cytokines in neutrophils. Cytokine ELISA kits were used to measure the serum cytokines. The concentration of ROS was elevated (P < 0.05) in obese swine fed on a low Se diet (less than 0.03 mg/kg Se) compared to control swine. The protein levels of Nrf2 and its downstream target genes were depressed during Se deficiency and high-energy intake. The mRNA levels of 16 selenoproteins were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the Se-deficient group and Se-deficient, high-energy group compared to the control group. However, the mRNA levels of 13 selenoproteins in peripheral blood neutrophils were upregulated in high energy group, except TrxR1, SelI and SepW. In summary, these data indicated that a Se-deficient, high-energy diet inhibits the Nrf2 pathway and its regulation of oxidative stress, and prompted a pleiotropic mechanism that suppresses phagocytosis.
CPN/tools: revisiting the desktop metaphor with post-WIMP interaction techniques

CPN/Tools is an editor and simulator of Coloured Petri Nets that uses post-WIMP interaction techniques, including bi-manual interaction, toolglasses and marking menus and a new metaphor for managing the workspace. It challenges traditional ideas about user interfaces, getting rid of pull-down menus, scrollbars, and even selection, while providing the same or greater functionality than current GUIs. This demo presents the first version of CPN/Tools.
A Configuration-Space Approach to Controlling a Rehabilitation Arm Exoskeleton

A modular approach is proposed for controlling a robotic arm exoskeleton used for shoulder rehabilitation. The joints are partitioned into anthropomorphic sets based on the exercise protocol which are then commanded using separate control modules. The controllers run concurrently and can operate in either impedance or admittance mode. The approach is applied to the MGA exoskeleton, and some preliminary experimental results are given for both iso-lateral and functional training exercises.
Handbook of closeness and intimacy

Contents: Preface. D.J. Mashek, A.P. Aron, Introduction. Part I: What Are Closeness and Intimacy? B. Fehr, A Prototype Model of Intimacy Interactions in Same-Sex Friendships. A.P. Aron, D.J. Mashek, E.N. Aron, Closeness as Including Other in the Self. K.J. Prager, L.J. Roberts, Deep Intimate Connection: Self and Intimacy in Couple Relationships. J-P. Laurenceau, L.M. Rivera, A.R. Schaffer, P.R. Pietromonaco, Intimacy as an Interpersonal Process: Current Status and Future Directions. Part II: How Can Closeness and Intimacy Be Measured? E. Berscheid, M. Snyder, A.M. Omoto, Measuring Closeness: The Relationship Closeness Inventory (RCI) Revisited. C.R. Agnew, T.J. Loving, B. Le, W. Goodfriend, Thinking Close: Measuring Relational Closeness as Perceived Self-Other Inclusion. E.F. Kouneski, D.H. Olson, A Practical Look at Intimacy: ENRICH Couple Typology. Part III: What Are the General Processes of Closeness and Intimacy? C.E. Rusbult, M. Kumashiro, M.K. Coolsen, J.L. Kirchner, Interdependence, Closeness, and Relationships. N.L. Collins, B.C. Feeney, An Attachment Theory Perspective on Closeness and Intimacy. K.D. Vohs, R.F. Baumeister, Sexual Passion, Intimacy, and Gender. H.T. Reis, M.S. Clark, J.G. Holmes, Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness. Part IV: What Individual Differences Play a Role in Closeness and Intimacy? S.E. Cross, J.S. Gore, The Relational Self-Construal and Closeness. C.A. Sanderson, The Link Between the Pursuit of Intimacy Goals and Satisfaction in Close Relationships: An Examination of the Underlying Processes. E.N. Aron, The Impact of Adult Temperament on Closeness and Intimacy. Part V: What Situational Factors Play a Role in Closeness and Intimacy? X.B. Arriaga, W. Goodfriend, A. Lohmann, Beyond the Individual: Concomitants of Closeness in the Social and Physical Environment. C.B. Wortman, K. Wolff, G.A. Bonanno, Loss of an Intimate Partner Through Death. G. Adams, S.L. Anderson, J.K. Adonu, The Cultural Grounding of Closeness and Intimacy. Part VI: Is There a Dark Side to Closeness and Intimacy? D.J. Mashek, M.D. Sherman, Desiring Less Closeness With Intimate Others. W. Ickes, J. Hutchison, D.J. Mashek, Closeness as Intersubjectivity: Social Absorption and Social Individuation. R.W. Firestone, L. Firestone, Methods for Overcoming the Fear of Intimacy. R.S. Edelstein, P.R. Shaver, Avoidant Attachment: Exploration of an Oxymoron. A.P. Aron, D.J. Mashek, Conclusion.
CYP3A4 Substrate Selection and Substitution in the Prediction of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions

The complexity of in vitro kinetic phenomena observed for CYP3A4 substrates (homo- or heterotropic cooperativity) confounds the prediction of drug-drug interactions, and an evaluation of alternative and/or pragmatic approaches and substrates is needed. The current study focused on the utility of the three most commonly used CYP3A4 in vitro probes for the prediction of 26 reported in vivo interactions with azole inhibitors (increase in area under the curve ranged from 1.2 to 24, 50% in the range of potent inhibition). In addition to midazolam, testosterone, and nifedipine, quinidine was explored as a more “pragmatic” substrate due to its kinetic properties and specificity toward CYP3A4 in comparison with CYP3A5. Ki estimates obtained in human liver microsomes under standardized in vitro conditions for each of the four probes were used to determine the validity of substrate substitution in CYP3A4 drug-drug interaction prediction. Detailed inhibitor-related (microsomal binding, depletion over incubation time) and substrate-related factors (cooperativity, contribution of other metabolic pathways, or renal excretion) were incorporated in the assessment of the interaction potential. All four CYP3A4 probes predicted 69 to 81% of the interactions with azoles within 2-fold of the mean in vivo value. Comparison of simple and multisite mechanistic models and interaction prediction accuracy for each of the in vitro probes indicated that midazolam and quinidine in vitro data provided the best assessment of a potential interaction, with the lowest bias and the highest precision of the prediction. Further investigations with a wider range of inhibitors are required to substantiate these findings.