Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A telehealth intervention for families caring for a child with traumatic brain injury (TBI)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the preliminary clinical utility of a telephone-support format of the “Signposts” (Hudson et al., 2003) behavioural intervention programme to be used with a paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Design/methodology/approach – Nine families caring for a child with moderate or severe TBI, participated in a pilot study of a TBI adapted “Signposts for Building Better Behaviour” manualised programme. The programme is designed to help parents learn positive parenting skills and strategies that empower them to successfully manage their child's challenging behaviour post-TBI. The programme consists of seven core sessions and two supplemental sessions. Parents work through the sessions with an accompaniment of guiding information booklets, a DVD with scenes modelling positive parenting strategies, and a workbook containing written exercises. At the completion of each session parents receive a telephone-support call from a trained Signposts practition.
The complexity of complexes in signal transduction

Many activities of cells are controlled by cell‐surface receptors, which in response to ligands, trigger intracellular signaling reactions that elicit cellular responses. A hallmark of these signaling reactions is the reversible nucleation of multicomponent complexes, which typically begin to assemble when ligand‐receptor binding allows an enzyme, often a kinase, to create docking sites for signaling molecules through chemical modifications, such as tyrosine phosphorylation. One function of such docking sites is the co‐localization of enzymes with their substrates, which can enhance both enzyme activity and specificity. The directed assembly of complexes can also influence the sensitivity of cellular responses to ligand‐receptor binding kinetics and determine whether a cellular response is up‐ or downregulated in response to a ligand stimulus. The full functional implications of ligand‐stimulated complex formation are difficult to discern intuitively. Complex formation is governed by conditional interactions among multivalent signaling molecules and influenced by quantitative properties of both the components in a system and the system itself. Even a simple list of the complexes that can potentially form in response to a ligand stimulus is problematic because of the number of ways signaling molecules can be modified and combined. Here, we review the role of multicomponent complexes in signal transduction and advocate the use of mathematical models that incorporate detail at the level of molecular domains to study this important aspect of cellular signaling. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Training novel phonemic contrasts: a comparison of identification and oddity discrimination training

High Variability Pronunciation Training (HVPT) is a highly successful alternative to ASR-based pronunciation training. It has been demonstrated that HVPT is effective in teaching the perception of non-native phonemic contrasts, and that this skill generalizes to the perception of unfamiliar words and talkers, transfers to pronunciation, and is retained long-term. HVPT is, however, not efficient and hence not motivating for the learner. In this study, we therefore compare HVPT with an alternative, namely oddity discrimination training. This comparison, in which Mandarin-Chinese speakers were trained to pronounce the English /r/-/l/ phonemic contrast, provides preliminary evidence to support the use of discrimination tasks in addition to identification tasks to add variety to HVPT.
Extending {TIM} domain analysis to handle {ADL} constructs

Planning domain analysis provides information which is useful to the domain designer, and which can also be exploited by a planner to reduce search. The TIM domain analysis tool infers types and invariants from an input domain definition and initial state. In this paper we describe extensions to the TIM system to al- low efficient processing of domains written in a more expressive language with features of ADL: types, con- ditional effects, universally quantified effects and neg- ative preconditions.
The governance model

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to explore what tools may be available in the future to assist in governing businesses and the potential strengths and weaknesses of such tools. Design/methodology/approach - The paper takes the form of humorous fiction. Findings - Visual input could become an important aspect of future software designed to assist directors of businesses in a climate of increasing data complexity. Research limitations/implications - Current technology has been projected to a conceivable outcome. There is no guarantee that such developments will be able to be implemented. Originality/value - The paper is speculative fiction that reflects on a possible scenario in a manner that will promote discussion.
Enhancing children's voices with media and technology

New approaches in the use of media and technology provide the opportunity to give children's voices a space to express their unique interests. These new forms of video and audio use create a new type of engagement for children to communicate in ways that makes it relevant to their identity. We are looking to tap into the already prevalent use of these technologies by children to establish a conversation about issues that are important to them. Giving children the opportunity to create and exercise control over the content of their creation can foster children centered programs and establish a conversation with larger communities in a local, national and global stage. Exploring the potential of audio and video in innovative ways will be the focus of this workshop. Workshop participants will present specific case studies and projects and discuss informal trends identified through their work on children's new uses of media. This workshop will provide insight in how technology is being used and ways that it can provide a new communication platform for children.
DNA uracil repair initiated by the archaeal ExoIII homologue Mth212 via direct strand incision

No genes for any of the known uracil DNA glycosylases of the UDG superfamily are present in the genome of Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔH, making it difficult to imagine how DNA-U repair might be initiated in this organism. Recently, Mth212, the ExoIII homologue of M. thermautotrophicus ΔH has been characterized as a DNA uridine endonuclease, which suggested the possibility of a novel endonucleolytic entry mechanism for DNA uracil repair. With no system of genetic experimentation available, the problem was approached biochemically. Assays of DNA uracil repair in vitro, promoted by crude cellular extracts, provide unequivocal confirmation that this mechanism does indeed operate in M. thermautotrophicus ΔH.
An update on the efficacy and safety of aclidinium bromide in patients with COPD

Aclidinium is a potent and selective muscarinic antagonist, which interacts rapidly with muscarinic receptors and shows subnanomolar affinity for the five human muscarinic receptors (M1–M5); its association rate for the M3 receptor is similar to that of ipratropium and 2.6 times faster than that of tiotropium. Aclidinium dissociates slightly faster from M2 and M3 receptors than tiotropium but much more slowly than ipratropium. A potent bronchodilatory activity has been observed after inhaled administration of aclidinium. Aclidinium undergoes rapid hydrolysis in the plasma into two major compounds, the alcohol (LAS34823) and the carboxylic acid (LAS34850) metabolites, resulting in low and transient systemic exposure to the active drug. The two major metabolites show no significant affinity for human muscarinic receptors. A potent bronchodilatory activity has been observed after inhaled administration of aclidinium. Clinical trials have provided evidence of sustained bronchodilation similar to that observed with tiotropium. Trial results have confirmed the positive safety profile of aclidinium, particularly in terms of a very low propensity to cause anticholinergic adverse events. Aclidinium is now moving to phase III clinical development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Towards the design of technology for measuring and capturing children's attention on e-learning tasks

Being able to be attentive as necessary on an e-learning task is not always easy for a young student, especially for children affected by Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. To support this category of students, we aim to design a software module able to: (a) automatically detect their level of attention when working on a learning task and, (b) propose suitable stimuli to re-capture their attention on it. This paper describes the first two steps towards this application: (1) the building of an attention model, meant as the base of the software module for automatically measuring the attention level, and (2) the study of a face tracker to measure the attention level in real time. Finally, it proposes some possible stimuli which can be used to re-capture the lost attention.
Detektion stimmhafter Sprachabschnitte zur robusten Spracherkennung

Es wird das Konzept eines neuen Ansatzes zur robusten Erkennung gestörter Sprachsignale vorgestellt. Der Ansatz beruht auf der Beobachtung der zwischenmenschlichen Kommunikation in einer gestörten Umgebung, bei der ein Zuhörer häufig nur noch die Abschnitte der Sprache mit einem genügend hohen Pegel wahrnimmt. Aus dieser Beobachtung wird als erster Verarbeitungsschritt des zu konzeptionierenden Verfahrens eine Detektion stimmhafter Abschnitte mit hohem Sprachpegel abgeleitet. Ausgehend von diesen Abschnitten soll dann eine modifizierte Berechnung der Wahrscheinlichkeiten für das Auftreten der beobachteten akustischen Merkmale vorgenommen werden, die in den bisherigen Verfahren in der Regel an den zeitlichen Signalverlauf gekoppelt ist. Abweichend davon soll die Berechnung in diesem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen der stimmhaften Abschnitte beginnen und zeitlich vorwärts und rückwärts gerichtet bis zu den vorausgehenden oder nachfolgenden stimmhaften Abschnitten fortgesetzt werden. In dieser Veröffentlichung werden die ersten Untersuchungen zur Detektion der stimmhaften Abschnitte vorgestellt, wobei insbesondere drei Parameter auf ihre Verwendbarkeit hin untersucht werden. Es werden der zeitliche Verlauf der Kurzzeitenergie, eines Maßes, das die Stimmhaftigkeit charakterisiert, und eines Maßes, das die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines stimmhaften Lautes beschreibt, betrachtet. Erste Detektionsergebnisse für die Sprachsignale der Timit Datensammlung werden präsentiert.
A Survey on Internet Traffic Identification

The area of Internet traffic measurement has advanced enormously over the last couple of years. This was mostly due to the increase in network access speeds, due to the appearance of bandwidth-hungry applications, due to the ISPs' increased interest in precise user traffic profile information and also a response to the enormous growth in the number of connected users. These changes greatly affected the work of Internet service providers and network administrators, which have to deal with increasing resource demands and abrupt traffic changes brought by new applications. This survey explains the main techniques and problems known in the field of IP traffic analysis and focuses on application detection. First, it separates traffic analysis into packet-based and flow-based categories and details the advantages and problems for each approach. Second, this work cites the techniques for traffic analysis accessible in the literature, along with the analysis performed by the authors. Relevant techniques include signature-matching, sampling and inference. Third, this work shows the trends in application classification analysis and presents important and recent references in the subject. Lastly, this survey draws the readers' interest to open research topics in the area of traffic analysis and application detection and makes some final remarks.
A framework for studying dynamics and stability of diffusive–reactive interfaces with application to Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compound growth

Often during phase growth, the rate of accretion, on the one hand, is determined by a competition between bulk diffusion and surface reaction rate. The morphology of the phase interface, on the other hand, is determined by an interplay between surface diffusivity and surface reaction rate. In this study, a framework to predict the growth and the morphology of an interface by modelling the interplay between bulk diffusion, surface reaction rate and surface diffusion is developed. The framework is demonstrated using the example of Cu–Sn intermetallic compound growth that is of significance to modern microelectronic assemblies. In particular, the dynamics and stability of the interface created when Cu and Sn react to form the compound Cu6Sn5 is explored. Prior experimental observations of the Cu6Sn5–Sn interface have shown it to possess either a scalloped, flat or needle-shaped morphology. Diffuse interface simulations are carried out to elucidate the mechanism behind the interface formation. The computational model accounts for the bulk diffusion of Cu through the intermetallic compound, reaction at the interface to form Cu6Sn5, surface diffusion of Cu6Sn5 along the interface and the influence of the electric current density in accelerating the bulk diffusion of Cu. A stability analysis is performed to identify the conditions under which the interface evolves into a flat, scalloped or needle-shaped structure.
Laser Induced Multiphoton Effects in Nano-Graphene Molecules

We perform first-principles calculations to study the high-order harmonic generation induced in graphene nanostructures by the laser field. Three distinct signals are noticed: the integer higher-order harmonic generation (HHG), the shifted fractional order peaks from the integer order harmonics, and the intrinsic emissions. Due to the small gap between HOMO and LUMO of graphene molecule, the HHG can be generated for the infrared laser pulse with the photon energy ranging from 20 meV to 1 eV. The intrinsic emission corresponds to the electron excitation between eigenstates. Using a laser pulse with a photon energy of 0.042 eV and amplitude of 0.2 V/A° , HHGs up to 19th order are identified. Unsaturated graphene molecule is an excellent media for HHG. Moreover, the HHG signals are very sensitive to the hydrogen passivation. Our results also indicate that HHG can be a promising method for detecting the product in the fabrication of graphene molecules.
Radioprotective effects of delphinidin on normal human lung cells against proton beam exposure

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Exposure of the normal lung tissue around the cancerous tumor during radiotherapy causes serious side effects such as pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Radioprotectors used during cancer radiotherapy could protect the patient from side effects induced by radiation injury of the normal tissue. Delphinidin has strong antioxidant properties, and it works as the driving force of a radioprotective effect by scavenging radiation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, no studies have been conducted on the radioprotective effect of delphinidin against high linear energy transfer radiation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate the radioprotective effects of delphinidin on human lung cells against a proton beam. MATERIALS/METHODS Normal human lung cells (HEL 299 cells) were used for in vitro experiments. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay assessed the cytotoxicity of delphinidin and cell viability. The expression of radiation induced cellular ROS was measured by the 2′-7′-dicholordihydrofluorescein diacetate assay. Superoxide dismutase activity assay and catalase activity assay were used for evaluating the activity of corresponding enzymes. In addition, radioprotective effects on DNA damage-induced cellular apoptosis were evaluated by Western blot assay. RESULTS Experimental analysis, including cell survival assay, MTT assay, and Western blot assay, revealed the radioprotective effects of delphinidin. These include restoring the activities of antioxidant enzymes of damaged cells, increase in the levels of pro-survival protein, and decrease of pro-apoptosis proteins. The results from different experiments were compatible with each to provide a substantial conclusion. CONCLUSION Low concentration (2.5 µM/mL) of delphinidin administration prior to radiation exposure was radioprotective against a low dose of proton beam exposure. Hence, delphinidin is a promising shielding agent against radiation, protecting the normal tissues around a cancerous tumor, which are unintentionally exposed to low doses of radiation during proton therapy.
Accelerating the Nonuniform Fast Fourier Transform

The nonequispaced Fourier transform arises in a variety of application areas, from medical imaging to radio astronomy to the numerical solution of partial differential equations. In a typical problem, one is given an irregular sampling of N data in the frequency domain and one is interested in reconstructing the corresponding function in the physical domain. When the sampling is uniform, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) allows this calculation to be computed in O(N log N ) operations rather than O(N 2 ) operations. Unfortunately, when the sampling is nonuniform, the FFT does not apply. Over the last few years, a number of algorithms have been developed to overcome this limitation and are often referred to as nonuniform FFTs (NUFFTs). These rely on a mixture of interpolation and the judicious use of the FFT on an oversampled grid (A. Dutt and V. Rokhlin, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 14 (1993), pp. 1368-1383). In this paper, we observe that one of the standard interpolation or "gridding" schemes, based on Gaussians, can be accelerated by a significant factor without precomputation and storage of the interpolation weights. This is of particular value in two- and three- dimensional settings, saving either 10 d N in storage in d dimensions or a factor of about 5-10 in CPUtime (independent of dimension).
Symptoms of delirium predict incident delirium in older long-term care residents

ABSTRACT Background: Detection of long-term care (LTC) residents at risk of delirium may lead to prevention of this disorder. The primary objective of this study was to determine if the presence of one or more Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) core symptoms of delirium at baseline assessment predicts incident delirium. Secondary objectives were to determine if the number or the type of symptoms predict incident delirium. Methods: The study was a secondary analysis of data collected for a prospective study of delirium among older residents of seven LTC facilities in Montreal and Quebec City, Canada. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), CAM, Delirium Index (DI), Hierarchic Dementia Scale, Barthel Index, and Cornell Scale for Depression were completed at baseline. The MMSE, CAM, and DI were repeated weekly for six months. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to determine if baseline symptoms predict incident delirium. Results: Of 273 residents, 40 (14.7%) developed incident delirium. Mean (SD) time to onset of delirium was 10.8 (7.4) weeks. When one or more CAM core symptoms were present at baseline, the Hazard Ratio (HR) for incident delirium was 3.5 (95% CI = 1.4, 8.9). The HRs for number of symptoms present ranged from 2.9 (95% CI = 1.0, 8.3) for one symptom to 3.8 (95% CI = 1.3, 11.0) for three symptoms. The HR for one type of symptom, fluctuation, was 2.2 (95% CI = 1.2, 4.2). Conclusion: The presence of CAM core symptoms at baseline assessment predicts incident delirium in older LTC residents. These findings have potentially important implications for clinical practice and research in LTC settings.
Moters kelias į akademiją: istorija ir dabartis

The main idea of the article to show that the practice of legal “equal rights” even enlarged by concept of “equal opportunities” entails more dissembled and sophisticated forms of women’s discrimination, and therefore gender has remained under the control of public discourse. In spite of society’s democratisation, the development of gender ideology remained in the frame of Chistian structure: a woman is a servant of a man. Women on the top of social hierarchy, regardless of positive changes towards women’s representation here, were, and are rather an exception than a rule. Sociological analysis of this social phenomenon is based on case study of women in science in Lithuania from a historical-cultural perspective and recent qualitative research data on academic women. Academic women indicate women who are teaching and/or pursuing scientific research in universities and/or scientific research institutions. Social history may be regarded as a permanent struggle between woman’s exclusion from the so-called public sphere by pushing her towards a private sphere on the one hand, and woman’s strife for inclusion in the public sphere on another hand. The main instrument of this struggle is access to education. Social factors influencing the number of women in science are the public attitudes concerning the standard of sufficient education for a woman, and how science - its branches, its specialization, namely research and/or teaching - is associated with a female carrier. Despite the trend towards the so-called feminization of definite disciplines, mostly in humanities and social sciences that has a long historical tradition, science is after all a highly masculine activity also, with still visible divisions between masters and servants from a gender perspective. The leadership in academy remains in the frame of the “old boys network”, and the most academic women remain slaves of gender that precludes them from leadership in academy as well. Slaves of gender means that women prefer/are compelled to follow traditional gender patterns that prescribe them main duties in the private sphere. Solution of socialistic “Women’s question”, that is implementation of the principle of equality between women and men does not achievement of the last generation. The equal rights of individual choice to vote, education, profession, etc. are executed by several generations of Lithuanians, and hence, became an inherent part of the public discourse. That is why the fact of informal women’s discrimination is often perceived as a norm of existing culture or at least non- actual social issues.
Homicide in Minneapolis

Academics have long studied the basic dimensions of homicide, with Marvin E. Wolfgang's pioneering 1958 classic, Patterns in Criminal Homicide, defining the shape of criminological research on homicide. However, this research has generally contributed relatively little to practical homicide prevention strategies. Recently, problem-solving initiatives have undertaken homicide studies in particular cities with the goal of understanding homicide patterns and dynamics and crafting city-specific intervention strategies. One such initiative in Minneapolis found that a large component of the city's homicides was committed by and against chronic, gang-involved offenders. Particularly where youth homicide was concerned, the Minneapolis findings were very similar to recent findings regarding youth homicide in Boston. Based in part on these findings, a “pulling levers” strategy focused on deterring violent offending by gang members, and on reducing tensions between gangs, was designed and implemented. Although very preliminary, initial results from the Minneapolis intervention appear to be promising.