Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Degenerate routes to chaos.

We present examples of simple dynamical systems containing alternative routes to chaos which are degenerate with a period-doubling route. The existence of degenerate routes implies the possibility of having more entangled dynamical behaviors hidden in observations based on a single-variable time series, possibly requiring, therefore, special care to discriminate them. A model system allowing the investigation of transitions between degenerate routes is also considered.
Noninvasive emittance and energy spread monitor using optical synchrotron radiation

R. Fiorito, A. Shkvarunets, D. Castronovo, M. Cornacchia, S. Di Mitri, R. Kishek, C. Tschalaer, and M. Veronese University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA Cockcroft Institute, University of Liverpool, Daresbury WA4 4AD, United Kingdom Elettra–Sincrotrone Trieste S.C. p.A. , Basovizza 34149, Italy Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA (Received 20 March 2014; published 19 December 2014)
Postpartum Partner Support, Demand-Withdraw Communication, and Maternal Stress

The weeks following the birth of a child can be stressful for new mothers. Maternal stress may be increased when mothers are dissatisfied with instrumental partner support (e.g., division of childcare duties and family decision-making power). The purpose of the current study was to determine if there is an association between dissatisfaction with partner support and maternal stress in the postpartum period, and to examine whether that association is mediated by demand-withdraw communication between partners. Participants were 49 women who completed questionnaires about satisfaction with partner support, female demand/male withdraw communication in their relationship, and their own perceived stress approximately 8 weeks after giving birth. Findings support the hypothesis that demand-withdraw communication mediates the association between dissatisfaction with partner support and maternal stress. This finding suggests that fathers' withdrawal in the context of mothers' requests for discussion or change appears to be associated with increased levels of maternal stress.
Aapeli Takala Volumetric thermometry with proton resonance

Proton resonance frequency (PRF), by which it precesses in the magnetic field, alters due to change in temperature, which can be detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI scanner uses protons’ nuclear magnetic resonance phenomenon. The target is first excited with a radio frequency pulse, then it’s relaxation to initial stage is observed. Parts with different temperatures can be mapped according to the characteristics of the signal they emit during relaxation. PRF thermometry is recognized as the best method to study in vivo temperature distribution with MRI scanner. PRF thermometry is favored due to a good large scale linearity and tissue independence. When tissue containing water is heated, the hydrogen bonds between water molecules are soften as a result of increased Brownian motion. When hydrogen bonds are weaker, the magnetic shielding from electron cloud around proton is stronger. Now that the magnetic shielding is stronger, the local magnetic field of that proton is weakened. Lower magnetic field leads to lower proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Change in nuclear magnetic resonance can be detected with phase difference mapping as a phase shift in phase images with MRI scanner. Noninvasiveness is universally justified in clinical medicine. Diseases and tumors in living tissues can be noninvasively treated with hyperor hypothermia. Abnormal situations can be detected by observing the temperature changes in the body. MRI scanner can be used to examine tissue temperatures during temperature treatments. Temperature mapping can also be used to monitor unwanted tissue heating related to MRI examinations. The purpose of this thesis is to produce volumetric thermometry data with proton resonance, and to optimize the imaging parameters in order to achieve the best signal-tonoise ratio for magnetic resonance thermometry.
GPU smoothing of quad meshes

We present a fast algorithm for converting quad meshes on the GPU to smooth surfaces. Meshes with 12,000 input quads, of which 60% have one or more non-4-valent vertices, are converted, evaluated and rendered with 9times9 resolution per quad at 50 frames per second. The conversion reproduces bi-cubic splines wherever possible and closely mimics the shape of the Catmull-Clark subdivision surface by c-patches where a vertex has a valence different from 4. The smooth surface is piecewise polynomial and has well-defined normals everywhere. The evaluation avoids pixel dropout.
PDZ domain-mediated dimerization and homeodomain-directed specificity are required for high-affinity DNA binding by SATB1

To better understand DNA recognition and transcription activity by SATB1, the T-lineage-enriched chromatin organizer and transcription factor, we have determined its optimal DNA-binding sequence by random oligonucleotide selection. The consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS) comprises a palindromic sequence in which two identical AT-rich half-sites are arranged as inverted repeats flanking a central cytosine or guanine. Strikingly, the CSBS half-site is identical to the conserved element ‘TAATA’ bound by the known homeodomains (HDs). Furthermore, we show that the high-affinity binding of SATB1 to DNA is dimerization-dependent and the HD also binds in similar fashion. Binding studies using HD-lacking SATB1 and binding target with increased spacer between the two half-sites led us to propose a model for SATB1–DNA complex in which the HDs bind in an antiparallel fashion to the palindromic consensus element via minor groove, bridged by the PDZ-like dimerization domain. CSBS-driven in vivo reporter analysis indicated that SATB1 acts as a repressor upon binding to the CSBS and most of its derivatives and the extent of repression is proportional to SATB1's binding affinity to these sequences. These studies provide mechanistic insights into the mode of DNA binding and its effect on the regulation of transcription by SATB1.
An improved face detection classifier based on AdaBoost algorithm

As an important research field, face detection has been highly paid attentions by researchers. It has theoretical value and application value in computer vision and pattern recognition technologies. Aimed at the problems in face recognition over-training phenomenon, this paper presents an improved sample training classifier, just considering the feature value uncertainty nearby the threshold, and these features corresponding samples adopted a new weight updating method. Experimental results show that the improved classifier can obtain high face detection rates than traditional algorithms.
Comparative visualization of ensembles using ensemble surface slicing

By definition, an ensemble is a set of surfaces or volumes derived from a series of simulations or experiments. Sometimes the series is run with different initial conditions for one parameter to determine parameter sensitivity. The understanding and identification of visual similarities and differences among the shapes of members of an ensemble is an acute and growing challenge for researchers across the physical sciences. More specifically, the task of gaining spatial understanding and identifying similarities and differences between multiple complex geometric data sets simultaneously has proved challenging. This paper proposes a comparison and visualization technique to support the visual study of parameter sensitivity. We present a novel single-image view and sampling technique which we call Ensemble Surface Slicing (ESS). ESS produces a single image that is useful for determining differences and similarities between surfaces simultaneously from several data sets. We demonstrate the usefulness of ESS on two real-world data sets from our collaborators.
Aalborg Universitet Containment and Consensus-Based Distributed Coordination Control to Achieve Bounded Voltage and Precise Reactive Power Sharing in Islanded AC Microgrids

This paper presents a novel distributed approach to achieve both bounded voltage and accurate reactive power sharing regulation in ac microgrid. The coupling/trade-off effects between bus voltages and reactive power sharing regulation are first analyzed in detail to provide a guideline for coordinated control design. Furthermore, a containment and consensus-based distributed coordination controller is proposed, by which the bus voltage magnitudes can be bounded within a reasonable range, instead of only controlling average voltage value. Furthermore, the accurate reactive power sharing between distributed generators can be achieved simultaneously. Then, a detailed small-signal model is developed to analyze the stability of the system and the sensitivity of different parameters. Experimental results are presented and compared, where the controller performance, robust performance under communication failure, and plug-and-play operation are successfully verified.
Social Support and Family Status as Influences on Perceptions of Health Risks and Information-Seeking Behavior: A Case of New York State Teachers

Numerous studies have indicated the importance of social support to health; those who are less socially integrated are psychologically and physically less healthy, and have higher mortality rates. A primary social support system is the family, which may be further characterized by the marital relationship and the parental relationship. This study examines one mechanism by which the influence family status, social networks and social integration may alter the perception of risks and information-seeking behaviors. If individuals are more sensitive to possible health risks as a result of social linkages, they may follow that increased concern with information seeking, and eventually risk protective behaviors. In recent years, a number of national and international research projects have documented the increased incidence of breast cancer among teachers (1.5 times higher). In response, Cornell University and the National Education Association conducted a regional study of New York State teachers and educational support professionals to investigate their knowledge and perceptions of breast cancer risk factors (N=1114). The study found mixed support for the hypothesis that family status, social networks and social integration influence risk perceptions and information-seeking behaviors. Most prominently, however, is that communication about health issues among members within a social network, community participation and general participation activities are significant predictors of increased risk perception, health concerns in the school and the community, and health information-seeking behaviors. These findings
Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel

SUMMARY Dientamoeba fragilis is a protozoan parasite of the human bowel, commonly reported throughout the world in association with gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite its initial discovery over 100 years ago, arguably, we know less about this peculiar organism than any other pathogenic or potentially pathogenic protozoan that infects humans. The details of its life cycle and mode of transmission are not completely known, and its potential as a human pathogen is debated within the scientific community. Recently, several major advances have been made with respect to this organism's life cycle and molecular biology. While many questions remain unanswered, these and other recent advances have given rise to some intriguing new leads, which will pave the way for future research. This review encompasses a large body of knowledge generated on various aspects of D. fragilis over the last century, together with an update on the most recent developments. This includes an update on the latest diagnostic techniques and treatments, the clinical aspects of dientamoebiasis, the development of an animal model, the description of a D. fragilis cyst stage, and the sequencing of the first D. fragilis transcriptome.
Genetic Association Study of TNFAIP3, IFIH1, IRF5 Polymorphisms with Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis in Chinese Han Population

Background Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TNFAIP3, IFIH1, and IRF5 genes have been associated with several auto-inflammation diseases, while the susceptibility between these genes and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) were not reported. This study aimed to investigate whether TNFAIP3, IFIH1, and IRF5 gene polymorphisms confer susceptibility for the IIMs in Chinese Han population. Methods A large case–control study of Chinese subjects with polymyositis (PM) (n = 298) and dermatomyositis (DM) (n = 530) was accomplished. 968 healthy and ethnically matched controls were available for comparison. Six SNPs in the TNFAIP3 region (rs2230926 and rs5029939), the IFIH1 gene (rs1990760 and rs3747517) and the IRF5 region (rs4728142 and rs729302) were assessed and genotyped using the Sequenom MassArray iPLEX platform. Results Our study indicated a strong allele association was observed in PM/DM and PM patients for rs2230926 (OR: 1.61, 95%CI: 1.20–2.16, Pc = 7.5×10−3; OR: 1.88, 95%CI: 1.30–2.74, Pc = 4.0×10−3, respectively) and rs5029939 (OR: 1.64, 95%CI: 1.21–2.21, Pc = 6.0×10−3; OR: 1.88, 95%CI: 1.28–2.76, Pc = 5.5×10−3,respectively). And rs2230926 and rs5029939 were significantly associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in PM/DM and PM patients (Pc = 0.04 and Pc = 0.016; Pc = 0.02 and Pc = 0.03, respectively). In addition, rs4728142 allele and genotype had significant association with PM/DM patients (Pc = 0.026 and Pc = 0.048, respectively). Further analysis with three logistic regression genetic models revealed statistically significant difference in the genotypic distribution in the PM/DM, PM or DM patients when the additive and dominant models were used. Conclusions This was the first study to reveal TNFAIP3 and IRF5 polymorphisms were associated with PM/DM patients or these patients with ILD, indicating that TNFAIP3 and IRF5 might be the susceptibility gene for PM/DM patients in Chinese Han population.
Linguistic correlates to communicative proficiency levels of the CEFR: The case of syntactic complexity in written L2 English, L3 French and L4 Italian

This study is a contribution to the empirical underpinning of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), and it aims to identify linguistic correlates to the proficiency levels defined by the CEFR. The study was conducted in a Swedish school setting, focusing on English, French and Italian, and examined the relationship between CEFR levels (A1-C2) assigned by experienced raters to learners’ written texts and three measures of syntactic complexity (based on length of t-unit, subclause ratio, and mean length of clause (cf. Norris & Ortega, 2009)). Data were elicited through two written tasks (a short letter and a narrative) completed by pupils of L2 English (N=54) in years four, nine and the final year of upper-secondary school, L3 French (N=38) in year nine and the final year of upper-secondary school, and L4 Italian (N=28) in the final year of upper-secondary school and first year of university. The results showed that, globally, there were weak to medium-strong correlations between assigned CEFR levels and the three measures of syntactic complexity in English, French and Italian. Furthermore, it was found that syntactic complexity was homogeneous across the three languages at CEFR level A, whereas syntactic complexity was different across languages at CEFR level B, especially in the data for English and French. Consequences for the empirical validity of the CEFR framework and the nature of the three measures of complexity are discussed. (Less)
MazF-Mediated Cell Death in Escherichia coli: a Point of No Return

ABSTRACT mazEF is a stress-induced toxin-antitoxin module, located on the chromosome of Escherichia coli, that we have previously described to be responsible for programmed cell death in E. coli. mazF specifies a stable toxin, and mazE specifies a labile antitoxin. Recently, it was reported that inhibition of translation and cell growth by ectopic overexpression of the toxin MazF can be reversed by the action of the antitoxin MazE ectopically overexpressed at a later time. Based on these results, it was suggested that rather than inducing cell death, mazF induces a state of reversible bacteriostasis (K. Pederson, S. K. Christensen, and K. Gerdes, Mol. Microbiol. 45:501-510, 2002). Using a similar ectopic overexpression system, we show here that overexpression of MazE could reverse MazF lethality only over a short window of time. The size of that window depended on the nature of the medium in which MazF was overexpressed. Thus, we found “a point of no return,” which occurred sooner in minimal M9 medium than it did in the rich Luria-Bertani medium. We also describe a state in which the effect of MazF on translation could be separated from its effect on cell death: MazE overproduction could completely reverse the inhibitory effect of MazF on translation, while not affecting the bacteriocidic effect of MazF at all. Our results reported here support our view that the mazEF module mediates cell death and is part of a programmed cell death network.
Looking in the mirror

Purpose – There is a widely held stereotypical view that accounting is structured, precise, compliance-driven and repetitive. Drawing on social psychology theory, this paper aims to examine how accountants may contribute to these stereotypical perceptions. Design/methodology/approach – Individual perception data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with accountants from the corporate, public practice and not-for-profit sectors, along with “Chartered Accountants” who no longer work as accountants. Findings – These findings suggest that, contrary to results from an earlier study, the targets of the accounting stereotype contribute to the stereotype formation and maintenance and that increased exposure to accountants may serve only to confirm and reinforce the accounting stereotype. Research limitations/implications – There are a small number of participants in this study, and this limits the ability to generalise the findings. Practical implications – These findings have important implicatio.
On Mining DOM Trees to build Information Extractors

The Web is the largest information repository. The information it contains is usually available in human-friendly formats. Companies are interested in using this information. The problem is that they need it in structured formats so that they can use it in automated business processes. In the literature, there are many proposals to infer information extractors. They build on machine learning techniques that attempt to infer a pattern in the HTML or XPath sources. To the best of our knowledge, no-one has ever explored using datamining techniques on DOM trees. In this paper, we report on a methodology that builds on datamining CSS features and a few other DOM features. Our results prove that this methodology is promising.
United-Residue (UNRES) Langevin Dynamics Simulations of trpzip2 Folding

The folding mechanism of beta-hairpins might provide fundamental knowledge that helps us to understand how large proteins fold. However, all-atom molecular dynamics is difficult to do large-scale and long-time simulations, even for small peptides. In this article, we report a large-scale simulation of the beta-hairpin trpzip2 by Langevin dynamics with united-residue (UNRES) force field. We obtained 374 successfully folding trajectories of trpzip2. The results show that trpzip2 can fold into the native structure by adopting two different mechanisms: (1) zipper, and (2) simultaneous zipper and collapse. The former occurs with a larger probability. Furthermore, the folding of trpzip2 is heterogeneous. Our results clarify the inconsistencies in the current picture of the folding mechanisms of trpzip2 and other similar beta-hairpins.
The Sum is Greater than the Parts : Ensembling Student Knowledge Models in ASSISTments

Recent research has had inconsistent results as to the utility of ensembling different approaches towards modeling student knowledge and skill within interactive learning environments. While work in the 2010 KDD Cup data set has shown benefits from ensembling, work in the Genetics Tutor has failed to show benefits. We hypothesize that the key factor has been data set size. We explore the potential for ensembling in a data set drawn from a different tutoring system, The ASSISTments Platform, which contains 15 times the number of responses of the Genetics Tutor data set. Within this data set, ensemble approaches were more effective than any single method with the best ensemble approach producing predictions of student performance 10% better than the best individual student knowledge model.
Dipy, a library for the analysis of diffusion MRI data

Diffusion Imaging in Python (Dipy) is a free and open source software project for the analysis of data from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) experiments. dMRI is an application of MRI that can be used to measure structural features of brain white matter. Many methods have been developed to use dMRI data to model the local configuration of white matter nerve fiber bundles and infer the trajectory of bundles connecting different parts of the brain. Dipy gathers implementations of many different methods in dMRI, including: diffusion signal pre-processing; reconstruction of diffusion distributions in individual voxels; fiber tractography and fiber track post-processing, analysis and visualization. Dipy aims to provide transparent implementations for all the different steps of dMRI analysis with a uniform programming interface. We have implemented classical signal reconstruction techniques, such as the diffusion tensor model and deterministic fiber tractography. In addition, cutting edge novel reconstruction techniques are implemented, such as constrained spherical deconvolution and diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) with deconvolution, as well as methods for probabilistic tracking and original methods for tractography clustering. Many additional utility functions are provided to calculate various statistics, informative visualizations, as well as file-handling routines to assist in the development and use of novel techniques. In contrast to many other scientific software projects, Dipy is not being developed by a single research group. Rather, it is an open project that encourages contributions from any scientist/developer through GitHub and open discussions on the project mailing list. Consequently, Dipy today has an international team of contributors, spanning seven different academic institutions in five countries and three continents, which is still growing.