Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Online Sources for Identifying Evidence-Based Practices Trustworthy? An Evaluation

The use of evidence-based practices has become a focus in education since the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act reauthorization of 2004 required using practices based on scientific research to improve student outcomes. Although many teachers may not have the time or expertise to evaluate the research base for these practices, the prevalence of Internet resources has increased their access to such information. However, web sites differ in type and quality of information provided. The purpose of this study was to examine the trustworthiness of web sites claiming to disseminate evidence-based practices in the area of special education or related services. Of the 47 web sites identified, approximately 57% met the criteria for trust or trust with caution, and 43% were labeled do not trust. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Practical Methods for Extracting Explicit Design Rules Grounded in the Experience of Organizational Managers

The concept of design rules, an element of design science, helps convert the tacit knowledge of organizational change agents into explicit, actionable knowledge. Design rules are heuristic statements in the form: If you want to achieve outcome Y in situation S, something like X might help. Research suggests that experts tend to think using such heuristic rules, and the authors propose that this is also true for organizational managers leading successful change programs. Although design science approaches aim to build a body of design rules applicable in a variety of settings, little has been done to explore how design rules are elaborated from particular change efforts. The authors describe experience in testing four methods for extracting explicit design rules from existing programs of organizational change. They found this to be both a promising field of research and a potentially valuable methodology for practicing managers and change leaders in organizations.
Automatic Forest Boundary Delineation in Aerial Images

This paper describes an approach for automatic forest boundary delineation in aerial images with special emphasis on spatially contiguous and reproducible results. The JSEG segmentation method has been found to produce meaningful image segmentation results. Nevertheless, its outcome turned out not to be sufficient to match the semantic meaning required for forest vegetation. To overcome this conceptual limitation the combination with wavelet transformation gives access to additional texture features and leads to robust forest boundaries. Preliminary results are encouraging, especially without any subjective decisions. The ongoing research focuses on the integration of digital terrain and surface data and other texture features in order to increase accuracy and robustness of forest delineation.
Safety model checking with complementary approximations

Formal-verification techniques, such as model checking, are becoming popular in hardware design. SAT-based model checking techniques, such as IC3/PDR, have gained a significant success in the hardware industry. In this paper, we present a new framework for SAT-based safety model checking, named Complementary Approximate Reachability (CAR). CAR is based on standard reachability analysis, but instead of maintaining a single sequence of reachable-state sets, CAR maintains two sequences of over- and under-approximate reachable-state sets, checking safety and unsafety at the same time. To construct the two sequences, CAR uses standard Boolean-reasoning algorithms, based on satisfiability solving, one to find a satisfying cube of a satisfiable Boolean formula, and one to provide a minimal unsatisfiable core of an unsatisfiable Boolean formula. We applied CAR to 548 hardware model-checking instances, and compared its performance with IC3/PDR. Our results show that CAR is able to solve 42 instances that cannot be solved by IC3/PDR. When evaluated against a portfolio that includes IC3/PDR and other approaches, CAR is able to solve 21 instances that the other approaches cannot solve. We conclude that CAR should be considered as a valuable member of any algorithmic portfolio for safety model checking.
LAAS Monitoring For A Most Evil Satellite Failure

The objective of Signal Quality Monitoring (SQM) is to improve integrity of the space segment of Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) by detecting satellite generated GPS signal faults. As seen in the SV19 case, these signal faults are particularly worrisome since pseudorange error may not be common mode between ground and air. This can render the differential correction ineffective, possibly leading to hazardously misleading information (HMI) being supplied to the aircraft. The susceptibility of a differential architecture to such satellite faults is primarily due to the use of non-identical receivers on the ground and in the air. While the correlator spacings in aircraft receivers vary widely, most reference stations use narrow correlators to limit the effects of ground-based multipath. For this reason, air and ground correlator spacings are, in general, unequal. This leads to the possibility that a signal could appear to be nominally correct on the ground while generating a significant error at the aircraft. To address the problem, this paper explores the use of one or more additional correlator sample pairs, or monitors, at the reference station to put a finite bound on the worst-case mismatch between ground and air estimates of the code phase. A mathematical model of the reference station is used to derive an explicit worst-case waveform for all possible combinations of air and ground correlator spacings as a function ofM , the number of monitors. A simplified fault model using only the nominal GPS signal plus scaled, delayed copies of that signal, is also analyzed.
Reprodutibilidade do VO2Máx estimado na corrida pela frequência cardíaca e consumo de oxigênio de reserva

The objective was to determine the reliability of the VO2Max estimate on a treadmill using the measured (HRpeak) vs. the predicted (HRpredicted) maximum heart rate (HR). Eighteen men (27.5 ± 7.1 years, 73.7± 12.6 kg, 174.8 ± 10.2 cm) performed, in the first visit, a progressive test to determine the HRpeak. In the two following visits, submaximal aerobic tests were performed on a treadmill with a 6 min at 75% HR reserve. VO2Max was estimated by means of the equations of HR, VO2 reserve and the ACSM running equation. The intraclass correlation coefficient and the typical error of measurement using HRPredicted and HRpeak were 0.89, 2.43 ml.kg-1.min-1 (5%) and 0.83, 2.43 mL.kg-1.min-1 (4.9%), respectively. There was no significant difference (t test) between the estimates of VO2Max from the HRpeak and HRpredicted. The use of the HRpredicted was considered appropriate for VO2Max estimation, with a small typical error of measurement.
Making use of population information in evolutionary artificial neural networks

This paper is concerned with the simultaneous evolution of artificial neural network (ANN) architectures and weights. The current practice in evolving ANN's is to choose the best ANN in the last generation as the final result. This paper proposes a different approach to form the final result by combining all the individuals in the last generation in order to make best use of all the information contained in the whole population. This approach regards a population of ANN's as an ensemble and uses a combination method to integrate them. Although there has been some work on integrating ANN modules, little has been done in evolutionary learning to make best use of its population information. Four linear combination methods have been investigated in this paper to illustrate our ideas. Three real-world data sets have been used in our experimental studies, which show that the recursive least-square (RLS) algorithm always produces an integrated system that outperforms the best individual. The results confirm that a population contains more information than a single individual. Evolutionary learning should exploit such information to improve generalization of learned systems.
Enhancing Children’s Prosocial Behavior in the Classroom

A program designed to enhance children’s prosocial development was conducted in three suburban elementary schools for 5 consecutive years, focusing primarily on a single cohort of children as it moved from kindergarten through fourth grade. Repeated observations were conducted each year to assess program implementation and student interpersonal behavior in classrooms in the three “program” schools and in three “comparison” schools. Analyses of these observational data revealed significantly higher scores in the program than the comparison classrooms on each of five indices of program-relevant activities and practices: Cooperative Activities, Developmental Discipline, Activities Promoting Social Understanding, Highlighting Prosocial Values, and Helping Activities. Further analyses indicated that students in program classrooms scored significantly higher on two indices of interpersonal behavior: Supportive and Friendly Behavior and Spontaneous Prosocial Behavior. Corroborative data from a second, 2-year cohort in the same schools is also presented. Implications of these findings for educational practices that emphasize supportive teacher-student relationships and the provision of opportunities for student decision-making, autonomy, and collaborative interaction are discussed.
A critical review of the validity of measuring stages of change in relation to exercise and moderate physical activity

Many professionals are integrally involved in the promotion of exercise and physical activity, for specific therapeutic purposes, and with the aim of improving population health and quality of life. Design and evaluation of intervention strategies are frequently underpinned by the Transtheoretical Model, a process-oriented approach to behaviour change. One component of this model is the stage of change structure, which describes a person's behaviour in the context of a change process. It is frequently used to assess current levels of exercise or physical activity participation, and as a measure of change in behaviour following intervention. This paper discusses the importance of validity in the assessment of stages of change for exercise and physical activity. Various different scales exist and have been investigated for validity using comparisons with self-reported outcome measures and physiological markers of activity. Generally, comparative data provide evidence of stage hierarchies relating to both exercise and physical activity. However, this does not establish actual levels of activity represented by stage allocation, limiting its applicability. Further appropriately designed comparisons with objective measures are required if the stage of change structure is to be applied as a meaningful, accurate and sensitive tool for the measurement of physical activity and exercise.
Participation in Small Groups

The effects of sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), size, visibility, first-to-speak, and amount of participation in the first minute of agroup discussion on total participation rates were studied by means of path analysis. A total of 218 individuals, in 52 mock juries of size four, five, and six persons, were observed as they discussed a mandatory retirement case. An observer recorded the number of seconds each individual spoke. Visibility and size were the main predictors of who spoke first. First-to-speak, age, and sex were the main predictors of participation in the first minute. Total participation was most strongly affected by age, participation in the first minute, and sex; but size also had an effect on total participation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Norvancomycin-Producing Strain Amycolatopsis orientalis CPCC200066

ABSTRACT Amycolatopsis orientalis CPCC200066 is an actinomycete that can produce the glycopeptide antibiotic norvancomycin, which has significant inhibitory activity against Gram-positive cocci and bacilli. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of A. orientalis CPCC200066 and identified the genes involved in norvancomycin biosynthesis.
Annotating Spoken Dialogs: From Speech Segments to Dialog Acts and Frame Semantics

We are interested in extracting semantic structures from spoken utterances generated within conversational systems. Current Spoken Language Understanding systems rely either on hand-written semantic grammars or on flat attribute-value sequence labeling. While the former approach is known to be limited in coverage and robustness, the latter lacks detailed relations amongst attribute-value pairs. In this paper, we describe and analyze the human annotation process of rich semantic structures in order to train semantic statistical parsers. We have annotated spoken conversations from both a human-machine and a human-human spoken dialog corpus. Given a sentence of the transcribed corpora, domain concepts and other linguistic features are annotated, ranging from e.g. part-of-speech tagging and constituent chunking, to more advanced annotations, such as syntactic, dialog act and predicate argument structure. In particular, the two latter annotation layers appear to be promising for the design of complex dialog systems. Statistics and mutual information estimates amongst such features are reported and compared across corpora.
PLASTICITY CHANGES IN THE BRAIN IN HYPNOSIS AND MEDITATION

Neuroscientifi c evidence interprets both hypnotic trance induction and different meditation traditions as modifi ed states of consciousness that emphasize attention, concentration and the letting go of thoughts, but they differ in terms of sensory input, processing, memory, and the sense of time. Furthermore, hypnosis is based on the suggestibility of a person and meditation on mindfulness; therefore it is not surprising to fi nd differential brain plasticity changes. We analysed shared and non-shared neural substrates using electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Most pronounced EEG changes were in deep as compared to light hypnosis (step-by-step induction) and in arm levitation where suggested movement was perceived as external. In a within-subject-design changes in brain activity during hypnosis and Tibetan Buddhist meditation were compared. High amplitudes in alpha frequency bands were most pronounced with meditation at frontal positions and with hypnosis in central and temporal locations. Signifi cantly greater activity in theta 2 band was observed only with hypnosis in both hemispheres. PET cerebral activation patterns of imagery-mediated learning were analysed in hypnosis in a withinsubject-design. Compared with baseline the learning of high-imagery words was associated with (i) more pronounced bilateral activation in the occipital cortex and prefrontal areas and (ii) improved memory performance. Visual illusion in hypnosis was studied with fMRI, analysed with Granger Causality Mapping, showing changes in the effective connectivity relations of fusiform gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex and intraparietal sulcus. Little is known about the neurobiological basis of the process of enhancing cognitive and emotional traits in meditation. In a longitudinal fMRI study attention abilities through intensive Soto-Zen meditation were investigated before (baseline), after training (6 months) and at follow-up (9 months). After six months differences were observed in the left inferior and left superior frontal gyrus; after 9 months activations in the left precuneus. Taken together, the fi ndings advance understanding of the neural mechanisms that underlie hypnosis and meditation. Further studies with a greater sample size are needed to explore the differences and commonalities of hypnosis and different meditation techniques. Copyright © 2009 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methods for measuring student response to stimulant medication: A meta-analytic review

Measuring student response to interventions has become an important role for school psychologists. Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are frequently treated with stimulant medication, but the response to the treatment is rarely adequately assessed. The current study examined the sensitivity of measures used to assess the outcomes of stimulant medication for children identified with ADHD using meta-analytic procedures. A total of 812 articles were reviewed with 35 being selected for the study based on a common treatment protocol of . 3 to . 5 mg/kg with a 2- to 8-week pre- and post-test interval. Measures were categorized as behavioral, psychological, or physiological. A total of 81 effect sizes were computed with a total unbiased estimate of effect of . 53 and unbiased estimates of effect of . 11 for physiological measures, . 38 for psychological measures, and . 56 for behavioral measures. Tests of homogeneity found nonsignificant results within each of the three categories. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dynamic model of vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy

Abstract Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy has shown efficiency in treating port wine stains. A dynamic model that incorporates blood flow, kinetic diffusion, oxygen and photosensitizer consumption and reaction, and light modulation is proposed to reveal the interactions among light, photosensitizer, and oxygen. Simulation results show that pulse light modulation synchronized with heartbeats hold the advantage of increased singlet oxygen accumulation, higher oxygen concentration and lower temperature. Meanwhile, constant light treatment is advantageous in terms of higher temperature, lower total oxygen concentration and singlet oxygen accumulation. Therefore, the optimized treatment protocol may involve a balance among the phototoxicity, hypoxia, and photothermolysis.
A survey of survivability in mobile ad hoc networks

Many efforts have been done towards secure MANETs, but the conventional lines of defense are still inefficient to put all attacks off. This article examines survivable approaches whose goal is to enable networks to fulfill correctly their critical functions even in the presence of attacks or intrusions. We introduce the most relevant survivable MANET initiatives where either preventive or reactive defenses are combined with tolerant ones. We classify the defense lines taking into account intrusion tolerance mechanisms and also identify properties and requirements of survivability. The initiatives are categorized in three groups: routing discovery, data transmission and key management. For each one, they are correlated in terms of requirements and properties. The survey shows that security solutions do not yet explore relevant survivability properties and have only focused on one network layer or one type of attack.
Matrix Metalloprotease 9 Mediates Neutrophil Migration into the Airways in Response to Influenza Virus-Induced Toll-Like Receptor Signaling

The early inflammatory response to influenza virus infection contributes to severe lung disease and continues to pose a serious threat to human health. The mechanisms by which neutrophils gain entry to the respiratory tract and their role during pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, we report that neutrophils significantly contributed to morbidity in a pathological mouse model of influenza virus infection. Using extensive immunohistochemistry, bone marrow transfers, and depletion studies, we identified neutrophils as the predominant pulmonary cellular source of the gelatinase matrix metalloprotease (MMP) 9, which is capable of digesting the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, infection of MMP9-deficient mice showed that MMP9 was functionally required for neutrophil migration and control of viral replication in the respiratory tract. Although MMP9 release was toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling-dependent, MyD88-mediated signals in non-hematopoietic cells, rather than neutrophil TLRs themselves, were important for neutrophil migration. These results were extended using multiplex analyses of inflammatory mediators to show that neutrophil chemotactic factor, CCL3, and TNFα were reduced in the Myd88 −/− airways. Furthermore, TNFα induced MMP9 secretion by neutrophils and blocking TNFα in vivo reduced neutrophil recruitment after infection. Innate recognition of influenza virus therefore provides the mechanisms to induce recruitment of neutrophils through chemokines and to enable their motility within the tissue via MMP9-mediated cleavage of the basement membrane. Our results demonstrate a previously unknown contribution of MMP9 to influenza virus pathogenesis by mediating excessive neutrophil migration into the respiratory tract in response to viral replication that could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
The Role of Affect in Intended Rule Breaking

Objectives: Through a mood induction procedure, we prime positive, negative, or a neutral affective state and examine its effect on intentions to cheat on an exam and drinking and driving. Method: University students served as subjects for the study. They were provided with a questionnaire that randomized a mood induction procedure. Respondents were asked to recall (1) a recent positive event or experience, (2) a recent negative event or experience, or (3) their favorite books. They then completed a questionnaire that asked about their current mood state and got their responses to two hypothetical crime scenarios—cheating on an exam and drinking and driving. They were also asked questions pertaining to perceived risk, their decision-making style, impulsivity, and confidence. Results: We found that those experiencing an intense positive mood state were generally less likely to report that they would cheat or drive drunk relative to the negative and neutral state. However, we found little support for the suggested mediating causal mechanisms. Conclusions: Affective states milder than emotions are related to intentions to commit acts that are in the long-term harmful and go against self-interest. The relationship between affect states and criminal decision making can benefit from additional research.