Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolated subtalar fusion for neglected painful intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of treatment of subtalar arthrodesis in patients developing talocalcaneal arthrosis secondary to intra-articular calcaneal fractures. METHODS The study included 20 patients (21 feet) who underwent subtalar arthrodesis due to symptomatic subtalar arthrosis following conservative treatment for intra-articular calcaneal fracture between 2005 and 2011. Autograft or allograft was used in 11 patients. Patients were evaluated clinically using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle hindfoot score. Hindfoot alignment, quality of subtalar fusion and arthritis occurring in other joints were used for the radiological evaluations. RESULTS Mean duration of follow-up was 43 (range: 21 to 83) months. Mean preoperative AOFAS score was 61.7 (range: 40 to 67) and mean postoperative AOFAS score was 84.2 (range: 65 to 94). The difference between scores was statistically significant (p=0.001). Six patients had excellent, 8 good and 6 fair results. Complete fusion was achieved in 19 patients (20 feet). In 2 patients, arthritic changes were radiologically observed in the midtarsal joints. These changes were not symptomatic. There were no statistically significant differences between pre- and postoperative radiological measurements. No patients experienced malunion. CONCLUSION While subtalar arthrodesis appears to provide radiological and clinical benefits, it may cause moderate and asymptomatic osteoarthritis in the midtarsal joints.
Vascular depression: myth or reality?

The Oxford English Dictionary deﬁnes myth as “a traditional story, typically involving supernatural beings or forces, which embodies and provides an explanation, aetiology, or justiﬁcation for something such as the early history of a society, a religious belief or ritual, or a natural phenomenon” or “a widespread but untrue or erroneous story or belief; a widely held misconception; a misrepresentation of the truth. ” Myths are attractive because they offer plausible explanations of phenomena that we could not otherwise understand, and they become powerful cornerstones of society when cultural leaders embrace them, thereby further propagating the myth, blurring the boundaries between the imaginary and reality.
Genetic Diversity of the Pepper Pathogen Phytophthora capsici on Farms in the Amazonian High Jungle of Peru

Phytophthora capsici is an important oomycete pathogen of Capsicum peppers worldwide. Populations of P. capsici recovered from coastal regions in Peru were previously shown to be dominated by a single clonal lineage referred to as PcPE-1. During 2008, 219 isolates of P. capsici were collected from Capsicum pubescens (Rocoto), C. annum (Pimento), and C. baccatum (Aji) at 9 farms in the Amazonian high jungle in the areas surrounding Oxapampa, and one coastal location, Carabayllo. Two isolates of P. capsici were also recovered from Cyclanthera pedata (Caigua fruit) near one field. All isolates were characterized using a panel of eight single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers that are fixed for heterozygosity in the PcPE-1 lineage. A subset of isolates was also characterized using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Nine discreet SNP multi-locus genotypes were identified, and the PcPE-1 lineage was recovered from all of the field sites. Both A1 and A2 mating types were recovered from two sites. The implications of the genotypic diversity and distribution identified in this study are discussed.
The Kinesin-related Protein Costal2 Associates with Membranes in a Hedgehog-sensitive, Smoothened-independent Manner*

In Drosophila, Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction has been shown to require a multiprotein complex (Hedgehog signaling complex (HSC)), which includes the Kinesin-related protein Costal2 (Cos2), the serine/threonine protein kinase Fused (Fu), and the transcription factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). We present evidence that a biologically relevant fraction of the HSC is found in association with cellular membranes. We demonstrate that Cos2 is capable of tethering an exogenous protein to vesicular membranes and that Cos2 association with membranes is Hh-sensitive. In addition, we demonstrate that Cos2 associates with membranes in cells that lack the transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo) through a domain of Cos2 distinct from its recently characterized Smo binding domain. We suggest that an Hh-regulated membrane binding activity of Cos2 is part of the mechanism by which Cos2 contributes to Hh signaling. We propose a model in which there are two distinct HSCs with discrete subcellular localizations and activities: one is endosome-associated and facilitates production of a repressor form of Ci (HSC-R), and one is Smo-associated and promotes Ci activation (HSC-A). In response to Hh and through interaction with Cos2, Smo mediates both inhibition of the endosome-associated HSC-R and activation of HSC-A at the plasma membrane.
All-Solution-Processed Low-Voltage Organic Thin-Film Transistor Inverter on Plastic Substrate

In this paper, all-solution-processed low-voltage organic thin-film transistor inverters on polyethylene naphthalate plastic substrate were achieved in the bottom-gate bottom-contact device configuration. In the devices, 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-pentacene blended with polystyrene was used as the channel layer, and ultraviolet cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol was used as the gate dielectric layer. With optimized inkjet jetting process parameters and a proper polymer dielectric substrate surface, fine silver electrodes were formed as the source, drain, and gate electrodes. The maximum processing temperature was 150°C. The devices show promising performance with a mobility of 0.8 cm2/(V·s), a subthreshold swing of 100 mV/decade and an ON/OFF ratio of about 104. The fabricated diode-load inverter has a high dc voltage gain up to 67.3 at a supply voltage of 3 V.
Boundary Optimizing Network (BON)

Despite all the success that deep neural networks have seen in classifying certain datasets, the challenge of finding optimal solutions that generalize well still remains. In this paper, we propose the Boundary Optimizing Network (BON), a new approach to generalization for deep neural networks when used for supervised learning. Given a classification network, we propose to use a collaborative generative network that produces new synthetic data points in the form of perturbations of original data points. In this way, we create a data support around each original data point which prevents decision boundaries to pass too close to the original data points, i.e. prevents overfitting. To prevent catastrophic forgetting during training, we propose to use a variation of Memory Aware Synapses to optimize the generative networks. On the Iris dataset, we show that the BON algorithm creates better decision boundaries when compared to a network regularized by the popular dropout scheme.
Single-User Versus Multi-User Precoding for Millimeter Wave MIMO Systems

Given the cost and complexity associated with the deployment of a large number of radio frequency (RF) chains in millimeter wave (mmW) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, this paper addresses the question of network efficiency considerations for hybrid precoding. We first establish the relevance of directional precoding structures as a low-complexity and robust solution to meet the data rate demands of single-user MIMO systems relative to the more complex and less robust eigen-mode-based precoding structures. Key to the relevance of the directional precoding structures is the sparsity of the mmW channel coupled with higher antenna dimensionality affordable due to smaller wavelengths. We then leverage the directional structure of the channel to propose a simple class of directional schedulers that offers a low-complexity and yet approximately fair separation plane in the user space. We then compare the performance of single-user precoding schemes with multi-user precoding schemes and show that from network efficiency considerations, it would be more worthwhile to expend the RF chain resource on multi-user transmissions.
Human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived oligodendrocyte precursor-like cells for axon and myelin sheath regeneration

Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocyte precursor-like cells in vitro. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were transplanted into contused rat spinal cords. Immunofluorescence double staining indicated that transplanted cells survived in injured spinal cord, and differentiated into mature and immature oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Biotinylated dextran amine tracing results showed that cell transplantation promoted a higher density of the corticospinal tract in the central and caudal parts of the injured spinal cord. Luxol fast blue and toluidine blue staining showed that the volume of residual myelin was significantly increased at 1 and 2 mm rostral and caudal to the lesion epicenter after cell transplantation. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining verified that the newly regenerated myelin sheath was derived from the central nervous system. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan testing showed an evident behavioral recovery. These results suggest that human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte precursor cells promote the regeneration of spinal axons and myelin sheaths.
onitoring changes of cellular metabolism and icroviscosity in vitro based on time-resolved ndogenous fluorescence and its anisotropy decay ynamics

ei Zheng ong Li ianan Y. Qu ong Kong University of Science and Technology epartment of Electronic and Computer Engineering lear Water Bay, Kowloon ong Kong, China Abstract. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH is a well-known metabolic coenzyme and endogenous fluorophore. In this study, we develop a system that simultaneously measures timeand wavelength-resolved fluorescence to extract free and proteinbound NADH signals from total cellular fluorescence. We analyze temporal characteristics of NADH fluorescence in a mixture of NADH and lactate dehydrogenase LDH as well as in living cell samples. The results show that in both the NADH/LDH mixture and cell samples, a fraction of free NADH and protein-bound components can be identified. The extracted free and bound NADH signals are confirmed by time-resolved measurement of anisotropy decay of NADH fluorescence, based on the fact that free NADH is a small fluorescent molecule with much shorter rotational diffusion time than bound NADH. The ratio of free NADH signal to bound NADH signal is very different between normal and cancer cervical epithelial cells. In addition, the ratio changes significantly when the cell samples are treated with a mitochondrial inhibitor or uncoupler, demonstrating that the method is sensitive to monitor cellular metabolic activity. Finally, we demonstrate that the microviscosity for relatively small molecules such as NADH in cells could be extracted from wavelengthand time-resolved NADH fluorescence of living cell samples. © 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. DOI: 10.1117/1.3449577
CONDENSATES IN THE STRONG INTERACTION REGIME

We study dimension reduction for the three-dimensional GrossPitaevskii equation with a long-range and anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction modeling dipolar Bose-Einstein condensation in a strong interaction regime. The cases of disk shaped condensates (confinement from dimension three to dimension two) and cigar shaped condensates (confinement to dimension one) are analyzed. In both cases, the analysis combines averaging tools and semiclassical techniques. Asymptotic models are derived, with rates of convergence in terms of two small dimensionless parameters characterizing the strength of the confinement and the strength of the interaction between atoms.
Coronary oscillatory flow amplitude is more affected by perfusion pressure than ventricular pressure.

In this study on the isolated, maximally vasodilated, blood-perfused cat heart we investigated the relation between left ventricular developed pressure (delta Piv) and coronary oscillatory flow amplitude (diastolic minus systolic flow, delta F) at different levels of constant perfusion pressure (Pp). We hypothesized that the effect of cardiac contraction on the phasic flow results from the changing elastic properties of cardiac muscle. The coronary vessel compartment can, as can the left ventricular lumen compartment, be described by a time-varying elastance. This concept predicts that the effect of left ventricular pressure on delta F is small, whereas the effect of Pp is considerable. Both the waterfall model and the intramyocardial pump model predict the inverse. The relation between delta Piv and delta F at a Pp of 10 kPa is delta F = (4.71 +/- 3.08). delta Piv + 337 +/- 75 (slope in ml.min-1.100 g-1.kPa-1 and intercept in ml.min-1.100 g-1; n = 7); the relation between (constant levels of) Pp and delta F at a constant delta Piv of 10 kPa is delta F = 51.Pp + 211 (slope in ml.min-1.100 g-1.kPa-1 and intercept in ml.min-1.100 g-1; n = 6). The differences in slope are best predicted by the time-varying elastance concept.
A System for Ranking Documents according to their Relevance to a (Legal) Concept

Many recent publications on legal information retrieval agree that traditional automated systems for this purpose do not satisfy lawyers' demands. Of the multitude of suggestions for improvement that have been made, many of these have in common that legal information retrieval systems should be "conceptual". Roughly speaking this means that legal information retrieval systems should be able to deal with knowledge about the law and be more "intelligent". In (Wildemast & De Mulder, 1992) a review and an assessment were given of the attempts that have been made to achieve this. The main conclusion of that article was that, with a few exceptions, none of the proposed systems would enable the users to define, enter, store, retrieve and revise their own concepts.
Complete Genome Sequence of Roe Deer Picobirnavirus Strain PBV/roe_deer/SLO/D38-14/2014

ABSTRACT Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) have been detected in feces from various animal species and humans. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the PBV/roe_deer/SLO/D38-14/2014 strain, which is the first PBV detected in roe deer, providing additional knowledge about the high diversity and host range of PBVs.
Cardiovascular outcome trials in patients with chronic kidney disease: challenges associated with selection of patients and endpoints

Although cardiovascular disease is a major health burden for patients with chronic kidney disease, most cardiovascular outcome trials have excluded patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Moreover, the major cardiovascular outcome trials that have been conducted in patients with end-stage renal disease have not demonstrated a treatment benefit. Thus, clinicians have limited evidence to guide the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease, particularly those on dialysis. Several factors contribute to both the paucity of trials and the apparent lack of observed treatment effect in completed studies. Challenges associated with conducting trials in this population include patient heterogeneity, complexity of renal pathophysiology and its interaction with cardiovascular disease, and competing risks for death. The Investigator Network Initiative Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (INI-CRCT), an international organization of academic cardiovascular and renal clinical trialists, held a meeting of regulators and experts in nephrology, cardiology, and clinical trial methodology. The group identified several research priorities, summarized in this paper, that should be pursued to advance the field towards achieving improved cardiovascular outcomes for these patients. Cardiovascular and renal clinical trialists must partner to address the uncertainties in the field through collaborative research and design clinical trials that reflect the specific needs of the chronic and end-stage kidney disease populations, with the shared goal of generating robust evidence to guide the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with kidney disease.
Issues on simultaneous use of multiple structured light-based RGBD sensors in 3D environmental reconstruction

In this paper, we present issues that we should consider in using multiple structured light-based RGBD sensors simultaneously for 3D environmental reconstructions. We discuss about interference reduction, calculation of accurate individual pose of the sensors, and a method for adjusting inaccurate depth values reported from the sensors. Results from our ongoing project are also given.
Genetic distinctness of isolated populations of an endangered marsupial, the mountain pygmy‐possum, Burramys parvus

The mountain pygmy‐possum, Burramys parvus, exists in isolated and fragmented populations in the Australian alps. To examine the degree of interpopulation divergence, mitochondrial cytochrome b and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (NADH2) sequences were obtained from samples representing all populations of B. parvus. Three divergent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages were identified which exhibited strong phylogeographical structure. This indicates the presence of three maternal clades corresponding to populations in the northern, central and southern Australian alps. Molecular clock estimates suggest that the mtDNA lineages diverged from one another 420–680 thousand years ago. On this basis it is argued that B. parvus populations have probably been isolated since the mid‐Pleistocene, and that management should focus on maintaining viable B. parvus populations in each of the three regional localities.
An Approach to Applying Feedback Error Learning for Functional Electrical Stimulation Controller: Computer Simulation Tests of Wrist Joint Control

Feedback error-learning (FEL) controller that consists of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and an artificial neural network (ANN) had applicability to functional electrical stimulation (FES). Because of the integral (reset) windup, however, delay or overshoot sometimes occurred in feedback FES control, which was considered to cause inappropriate ANN learning and to limit the feasibility of the FEL controller for FES to controlling 1-DOF movements stimulating 2 muscles. In this paper, an FELFES controller was developed applying antireset windup (ARW) scheme that worked based on total controller output. The FELFES controller with the ARW was examined in controlling 2-DOF movements of the wrist joint stimulating 4 muscles through computer simulation. The developed FEL-FES controller was found to realize appropriately inverse dynamics model and to have a possibility of being used as an open-loop controller. The developed controller would be effective in multiple DOF movement control stimulating several muscles.
Efficient reachability analysis for linear systems using support functions

This work is concerned with the algorithmic reachability analysis of linear systems with constrained initial states and inputs. In this paper, we present a new approach for the computation of tight polyhedral over-approximations of the reachable sets of a linear system. The main contribution over our previous work is that it makes it possible to consider systems whose sets of initial states and inputs are given by arbitrary compact convex sets represented by their support functions. We first consider the discrete-time setting and then we show how our algorithm can be extended to handle continuous-time linear systems. Finally, the effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through several examples.
Control of doubly-fed induction generator based wind turbine at synchronous operating point

By direct coupling with a hydro-dynamically controlled gearbox, wind turbine generators can work at a determined speed, e.g., the synchronous operating point, regardless of the rotor speed. The doubly-fed induction generators operate usually away from the synchronous point due to unbalanced thermal stress on the rotor windings and inverter half-bridges. However, at this operation mode, there is no active power flowing in its rotor and thus the converter rating is reduced considerably, especially in MW-turbines. This work introduces methods to increase transient and oscillatory stability of the generator at the operating point without any modification of the machine structure. Moreover, the ability to ride-through the temporary low voltage is provided with a novel positive and negative sequence separation. The control methods are presented with selected simulation and experimental results.
Does participation in a pain course based on the International Association for the Study of Pain's curricula guidelines change student knowledge about pain?

BACKGROUND The People in Pain course was set up as a joint initiative of the Departments of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy within the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences at The University of Queensland. It was instigated in response to the publication of Pain Curricula for Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) in 1994 (1). The first year it was offered, the "People in Pain" course comprised 14 h of lecture content. It was then expanded to encompass 28 h of lectures and seminar involvement. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of participation in a university pain course that meets the IASP pain curricula guidelines to increase health professional students' knowledge about pain. METHODS Students who participated in the People in Pain course over the first three years were invited to complete the Revised Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire (R-PKAQ) pre- and postcourse. Data obtained from 22 students in the short course formed a pilot project, and data from 22 students in the longer version of the course were used in the present study. RESULTS Examination of the correlation matrix indicated substantial correlations between all R-PKAQ subscales except physiological basis of pain and pharmacological management of pain. In both the pilot project during the first year of the course and the expanded course in the following two years, significant improvement was found in the students' knowledge on five of the six subscales of the R-PKAQ: physiological basis of pain, psychological factors of pain perception, assessment and measurement of pain, cognitive-behavioural methods of pain relief, and pharmacological management of pain. Improvements in the developmental aspects of pain perception subscale failed to reach significance. CONCLUSIONS An integrated pain course developed according to the pain curriculum guidelines developed by the IASP resulted in increased student knowledge regardless of the length of the program attended.
Invited commentary on … Psychiatric resilience: longitudinal twin study

Summary The study of resilience may lead to the identification of new targets for prevention and intervention, yet there has been little research on why some people, but not others, show resilience after facing stressful life events. New research in this issue shows that resilience is equally explained by genetic and environmental influences, and that individual experiences and situational factors are both important in shaping resilient responses to stress. These findings could inform the development of interventions that enhance psychiatric resilience after exposure to adversity.