Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Connections Between Performer and Teacher Identities in Music Teachers: Setting an Agenda for Research

The purpose of this article is to examine the literature concerning the connections between performer and teacher selves in the formation of a music teacher’s identity. This article begins by framing an issue facing preservice and in-service music teachers, namely, the tension between a performer identity and a teacher identity. An overview is provided of (a) the literature documenting preservice music teacher identities that privileges the performer identity and (b) the literature that focuses on balancing and negotiating the performer and teacher identities. To understand aspects of the current debate about music teacher identities, the author develops five themes based on a critical analysis of the selected literature: teacher versus performer identity conflict, personal and professional benefits of music making, holistic view of musical identities, roles and situated identities, and defining music teacher identity. The author concludes by synthesizing the commonalities of the recent research and suggesting approaches and topics for future research on music teacher identity.
Institutions and Regionalisms: Constructing Metropolitan Space in Toronto

The search for effective metropolitan or regional governance arrangements is an enduring theme in North American urban politics and public administration. While earlier postwar literature sought to specify ideal institutional frameworks, scholars have more recently turned their attention to the institutional and social dynamics of contemporary efforts at intraregional collaboration for various purposes, including economic development and promotion, social integration, and land use planning. By treating metropolitan regions as a priori territorial units and focusing on the contemporary period, however, the literature has diverted attention from the historical processes through which metropolitan political spaces have been constructed. This paper advances four propositions to guide historical institutionalist and constructivist research on the process of political metropolitanization: (1) The spatial definition of a metropolitan region is not an a priori fact. Due to the unbounded nature of urbanization processes, it is produced, reproduced, and modified through political contestation. (2) How actors perceive policy problems shapes the choice of territorial scale at which to seek their solution. (3) These processes are conditioned (but not determined) by combinations of contextual factors which change over time: the natural and built environment, social and economic structures, and ideas. (4) How problems and their solutions are defined and "scaled" shapes subsequent actions in the same and potentially other policy domains. Through an examination of metropolitan problem-solving in Toronto since 1924, the paper concludes that while the discourses mobilized around metropolitan problem-solving have changed, the fundamental problems associated with political and economic growth and the menu of potential solutions have changed little over time; that metropolitan institution-building and policymaking processes in Toronto cannot simply be "read off" of an account of macrostructural transformation; and that the coexistence of multiple historically constructed spatial definitions of the region calls into question the use of one-size-fits-all templates in regional research.
Surviving holes and barriers in geographic data reporting for Wireless Sensor Networks

Geographic forwarding is a favorable scheme for data reporting in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to its simplicity and low-overhead. However, WSNs are usually subject to complicated environmental factors. Network holes (i.e., the areas where no nodes inside) and barriers (i.e., those blocking the communication between two close nodes) are inevitable in practical deploying environments. These issues pose an obstacle to adopting geographic forwarding in WSNs, while current approaches lack an efficient method to tolerate such negative factors. In this paper we specifically tailor a waypoint-based Geographic Data Reporting Protocol (GDRP) for WSNs. Inherited from geographic forwarding, GDRP is light-weighted and hence well-suits WSNs. But unlike current approaches that often find suboptimal paths, GDRP adopts an intelligent strategy to select a best set of waypoints via which packets can efficiently circumvent holes and barriers, and it can thus find better paths. Extensive simulations are conducted to verify the advantages of GDRP in tolerating network holes and obstacles in WSNs.
The design and implement of Scene Management in 3D engine SR

Scene Management is the spirit of the 3D engine. Its design is directly affects the efficiency of rendering and conflict detection. If we don't manage the object in the scene specially or we just use the link-list to manage the object simplify, all of the object in the scene need to be clipped, transformed, lighted and doing raster by the graph disposing pipe-line. This simple method of scene management is only used when there are a few objects in the scene. As for the large-scale or complex scene, the efficiency of this method is very low. This paper presents a newly way, which uses the hierarchical scene tree to manage the 3D scene, and stores the bonding volume in the node of tree, accordingly forms the hierarchical bonding volume tree, and then provide the appropriate data structure for the scene clip and conflict detection.
Perioperative ulnar neuropathy following shoulder surgery under combined interscalene brachial plexus block and general anaesthesia.

ow naded rom http:urnals.lw w om /ejanthesiology by hD M fePH bH 4TIm qVAH xkFJpPk1L/H vM G w qM xG jw O d8eH +W dxxm ltm G +Yf0aqIM 4= on 070/2018 Downloadedfromhttp://journals.lww. com/ejanaesthesiologybyBhDMf5ePHKbH4TTImqenVAHxkFJp/XpPk1L/H3vMGwqMxG9jwOd8eHu+WdxxmltmG+Y2f0aqIM4=on07/30/2018 cytokine production [3,5], up-regulation of TrkA mRNA in PBMC might play a role in the modulation of the immune system after induction of anaesthesia. Further study is needed to investigate the cause of change in TrkA expression in PBMC induced by general anaesthesia.
Felt moral obligation: An alternative foundation for moral behavior

Felt Moral Obligation: An Alternative Foundation for Moral Behavior Carol Frogley Ellertson Department of Psychology Doctor of Philosophy This study analyzed moral psychology’s “moral judgment-moral action gap” research and found that morality was being described as a secondary phenomenon produced by underlying substrates (such as identity and self constructs, “brain modules,” and “evolved emotional systems”) which are themselves non-moral. Deriving morality from “the non-moral” presents a kind of ontological gap in the moral psychology research. Researchers implicitly close this gap assuming it is possible to get moral judgments and actions out of non-moral substrates. But the difficulty remains how the moral as “moral” becomes infused into any moral psychology models. Morality is not a secondary phenomenon arising out of something else. This study argues that there is a need to shift our understanding of what it means to be human, to a view in which the moral is fundamental. An alternative foundation for assessing the moral is found in the work of Emmanuel Levinas who sees ethics as a metaphysical concern. This means that he sees the essential moral character of human life and the reality of human agency as ontologically fundamental, or constitutive of human nature itself. In other words, the ethical is the “first cause” in regards to understanding the nature and action of the self. Thus morality is not merely epiphenomenal to some more fundamental reality. Levinas holds that as humans, we are called to the Other. This call of obligation to the Other comes before all other human endeavors. After presenting Levinas’s alternative foundation of obligation to the Other which herein is labeled Felt Moral Obligation (FMO), C. Terry Warner’s conceptualizations of FMO in relation to the moral judgment-action gap are presented. In light of these conceptualizations, this study argues that there is actually no moral judgment-moral action gap, but only holistic events of moral self-betrayal. Warner illustrates that rejecting FMO is a single moral event, a holistic act performed by a moral agent that involves moral responses of self-justification, offensetaking, and rationalization. The person finds him or herself in a state of self-betrayal. Levinas and Warner implicitly assert that such self-betraying responses are not fundamentally biological or rational, but rather, fundamentally moral.
Habitat Preferences and Phenology of Ochlerotatus triseriatus and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Southwestern Virginia

Abstract Recently, the number of reported human cases of La Crosse encephalitis, an illness caused by mosquito-borne La Crosse virus (LAC), has increased in southwestern Virginia, resulting in a need for better understanding of the virus cycle and the biology of its vectors in the region. This study examined the spatial and temporal distributions of the primary vector of LAC, Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Say), and a potential secondary vector, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Ovitrapping surveys were conducted in 1998 and 1999 to determine distributions and oviposition habitat preferences of the two species in southwestern Virginia. Mosquitoes also were collected for virus assay from a tire dump and a human La Crosse encephalitis case site between 1998 and 2000. Oc. triseriatus and Ae. albopictus were collected from all ovitrap sites surveyed, and numbers of Oc. triseriatus eggs generally were higher than those of Ae. albopictus. Numbers of Oc. triseriatus remained high during most of the summer, while Ae. albopictus numbers increased gradually, reaching a peak in late August and declining thereafter. In Wise County, relative Ae. albopictus abundance was highest in sites with traps placed in open residential areas. Lowest numbers of both species were found in densely forested areas. Ovitrapping during consecutive years revealed that Ae. albopictus was well established and overwintering in the area. An oviposition comparison between the yard and adjacent forest at a human La Crosse encephalitis case site in 1999 showed that Ae. albopictus preferentially oviposited in the yard surrounding the home, but Oc. triseriatus showed no preference. LAC isolations from larval and adult collections of Oc. triseriatus females from the same case site indicated the occurrence of transovarial transmission.
Refinement of Magnetite Nanoparticles by Coating with Organic Stabilizers

Magnetite nanoparticles are of great importance in nanotechnology and nanomedicine and have found manifold applications. Here, the effect of coating of magnetite nanoparticles with organic stabilizers, such as O-phosphoryl ethanolamine, glycerol phosphate, phospho-l-ascorbic acid, phospho-d,l-serine, glycolic acid, lactic acid, d,l-malic acid, and d,l-mandelic acid was studied. Remarkably, this procedure led to an improvement of saturation magnetization in three cases rather than to an unfavorable decrease as usually observed. Detailed X-ray powder diffraction investigations revealed that changes in the average crystallite occurred in the coating process. Surprisingly, changes of the average crystallite sizes in either direction were further observed, when the exposure time to the stabilizer was increased. These results imply a new mechanism for the well-known coating of magnetite nanoparticles with stabilizers. Instead of the hitherto accepted simple anchoring of the stabilizers to the magnetite nanoparticle surfaces, a more complex recrystallization mechanism is likely, wherein partial re-dispersion of magnetite moieties from the nanoparticles and re-deposition are involved. The results can help producers and users of magnetite nanoparticles to obtain optimal results in the production of core shell magnetite nanoparticles.
The Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Receptor Antagonist J-113397 and l-DOPA Additively Attenuate Experimental Parkinsonism through Overinhibition of the Nigrothalamic Pathway

By using a battery of behavioral tests, we showed that nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP receptor) antagonists attenuated parkinsonian-like symptoms in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats (Marti et al., 2005). We now present evidence that coadministration of the NOP receptor antagonist 1-[(3R,4R)-1-cyclooctylmethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-4-piperidyl]-3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H benzimidazol-2-one (J-113397) and l-DOPA to 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats produced an additive attenuation of parkinsonism. To investigate the neurobiological substrates underlying this interaction, in vivo microdialysis was used in combination with behavioral measurements (bar test). J-113397 and l-DOPA alone reduced the time on bars (i.e., attenuated akinesia) and elevated GABA release selectively in the lesioned substantia nigra reticulata. J-113397 also reduced nigral glutamate levels, whereas l-DOPA was ineffective. J-113397 and l-DOPA coadministration produced additive antiakinetic effect, which was associated with additive increase in nigral GABA release but no additional reductions in glutamate levels. To investigate whether the increase in nigral GABA release could translate to changes in nigrothalamic transmission, GABA release was monitored in the ventromedial thalamus (one of the main target areas of the nigrothalamic projections). J-113397 and l-DOPA decreased thalamic GABA release and attenuated akinesia, their combination resulting in a more profound effect. These actions were prevented by perfusing the voltage-dependent Na+ channel blocker tetrodotoxin or the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline in the substantia nigra reticulata. These data demonstrate that J-113397 and l-DOPA exert their antiparkinsonian action through overinhibition of nigrothalamic transmission and suggest that NOP receptor antagonists may be useful as an adjunct to l-DOPA therapy for Parkinson's disease.
Diffusion tensor MRI of the spinal cord

Apparent diffusion tensor (ADT) measurements on the spinal cord using a pulsed‐field‐gradient (PFG) multi‐shot echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence are presented. In a study of 10 healthy volunteers, the obtained rotationally invariant anisotropy information is compared to the results obtained by the rotationally dependent methods. The water diffusivity in the direction parallel to the fibers was found to be almost 2.5 times higher than the average diffusivity in directions perpendicular to the fibers and showed cylindrically symmetric anisotropy characteristics. The influence of partial volume effects and the point spread function on the measured results was evaluated, and it was the concluded that a resolution of 1 mm in the read and phase directions is required to obtain unbiased values. Possible clinical implications were demonstrated by investigating the diffusion characteristics of 10 patients suffering from narrowing of the cervical canal. The changes in the diffusion characteristics were found to be large enough to allow a robust detection of diffusion changes in the spine, even in cases in which conventional T2 and T1 weighted images were unable to detect any lesion. Magn Reson Med 44:884–892, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Positive Systemic Practice for Families of Adolescents with Emotional and Behavioural Problems

Positive Systemic Practice (PSP) is an approach to family therapy for addressing adolescent emotional and behavioural problems. It was developed at Crosscare Teen Counselling, which operates from 6 centres in socially disadvantaged areas of Dublin. The practice of PSP is guided by 10 general principles and 47 specific therapeutic stances which are used to put the principles of PSP into practice. PSP involves adopting a positive, systemic, preventative and normal developmental perspective. Therapy is viewed as involving three distinct phases, in all of which the therapeutic alliance is central, and therapeutic problem-solving is research-informed.
La Bildung según Habermas: publicidad, discurso y política

The argument is that Bildung has occupied Habermas from the earliest writings. In these writings he criticizes the idea of being educated as an expression of innate abilities and emphasizes instead the significance of the social conditions of the upbringing. This is the subject of the first section (1st). The second section provides a presentation of the ideology-critical analysis of Bildung found in Habermas’s doctoral thesis on The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. The basic critique is that the ideal of individual Bildung is too tightly connected to economic and political dominance, but still the ideal contains some truth (2nd). The third section maps his relatively sparse comments regarding Bildung in the subsequent decades. Significant here is Knowledge and Human Interest, where he works himself out of the philosophy of consciousness framework towards the Theory of communicative action. This becomes the communicative approach, which becomes the framework of Habermas’ discussion of Bildung, both in relation to philosophical ethics – discourse ethics – and in more specific discussions, such as what is the role of the university in modern society (3rd). Finally just a few words on the political philosophy and the philosophy of law, which Habermas presents in Between Facts and Norms, where he once again allows Bildung have a positive normative significance, but now in a collective communicative perspective (4th).
Thinking Matters: The Profile of Executive Functioning Associated with Cannabis Use in Schizophrenia and its Functional Outcome Correlates

Not only is there a high prevalence of cannabis use in schizophrenia, but long-term or heavy cannabis users are also considered to demonstrate deficits similar to the cognitive endophenotypes of the illness itself. The specific neurocognitive domain of executive function has particular clinical relevance as executive dysfunction has been found to be significantly associated with the functional outcomes of schizophrenia patients. The current study sought to examine the pattern of executive functioning in schizophrenia patients with cannabis use and its functional outcome correlates. Eleven measures guided by a hierarchical model of executive function were administered to 28 schizophrenic outpatients with cannabis use and 28 matched-controls with a similar cannabis use history. Premorbid IQ and ‘real-world’ functional outcome were also assessed. A series of ANCOVA’s revealed that patients with cannabis use demonstrated poorer performances on a number of executive function measures relative to controls. However, further analysis indicated that a significantly larger proportion of this sample showed performances that did not fall in the range of clinical impairment. Using multiple regression analyses, a retrospective memory and an interference control task were found to significantly contribute to ‘real-world’ functional outcome. A lack of clinical impairment in the executive functioning of a representative sample of schizophrenia patients with cannabis use may be suggestive of differential and subtle deficits in this subgroup. Retrospective memory and interference control abilities may also present as potential targets helping to better inform rehabilitation planning efforts for such patients. Evaluating different subgroups of schizophrenia from a neurocognitive viewpoint should be an important consideration for treating clinicians particularly when attempting to achieve more successful functional outcomes.
MAPPING THE ACTIVISM OF ETHNIC AND NATIONAL MINORITIES IN POLAND

ABSTRACT For more than 40 years, minorities in Poland were deprived of the opportunity to publicly voice their demands and explicitly address mounting concerns over ethnic problems. For several decades, the ethnic presence in the public arena was restricted to a folkloric and apolitical façade. This article demonstrates that the tide of change brought about by the momentous year of 1989 has opened novel opportunities for minority groups. The article's objectives are twofold. First, it examines the boundaries of the national discursive structure in the minority rights area in Poland demonstrating that it is deeply embedded in Poland's history. Second, it explores the identity of actors who contributed to the debate in the field of ethnic politics in Poland and reveals that ethnic groups and state representatives are the most active players in the game when the regulation of minorities’ social and political position in contemporary Poland is at stake. The article shows that using minority language as an auxiliary one in contacts with public authorities and the issue of topographic double-naming are major sources of political contention. On the other hand, it reveals that minorities address these topics by pushing for more rights in the contentious area of the auxiliary function of ethnic languages.
Constraints on the Inner Mass Profiles of Lensing Galaxies from Missing Odd Images

Most gravitational lens systems consist of two or four observable images. The absence of detectable odd images allows us to place a lower limit on the power-law slope of the inner mass profile of lensing galaxies. Using a sample of six two-image radio-loud lens systems and assuming a singular power-law surface density (Σ ∝ r-β) for the inner several kiloparsecs of the mass distribution, we find that there is less than a 10% probability that the data are consistent with profile slopes β < 0.80. Furthermore, individual mass modeling yields β > 0.85 for B0739+366 and β > 0.91 for B1030+074. Modeling central black holes as additional point masses changes the constraints in these systems to β > 0.84 and β > 0.83, respectively. The inner mass profiles of lensing galaxies are therefore not much shallower than isothermal.
Trehalose and Trehalose-based Polymers for Environmentally Benign, Biocompatible and Bioactive Materials

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide that is found in many organisms but not in mammals. This sugar plays important roles in cryptobiosis of selaginella mosses, tardigrades (water bears), and other animals which revive with water from a state of suspended animation induced by desiccation. The interesting properties of trehalose are due to its unique symmetrical low-energy structure, wherein two glucose units are bonded face-to-face by 1→1-glucoside links. The Hayashibara Co. Ltd., is credited for developing an inexpensive, environmentally benign and industrial-scale process for the enzymatic conversion of α-1,4-linked polyhexoses to α,α-d-trehalose, which made it easy to explore novel food, industrial, and medicinal uses for trehalose and its derivatives. Trehalose-chemistry is a relatively new and emerging field, and polymers of trehalose derivatives appear environmentally benign, biocompatible, and biodegradable. The discriminating properties of trehalose are attributed to its structure, symmetry, solubility, kinetic and thermodynamic stability and versatility. While syntheses of trehalose-based polymer networks can be straightforward, syntheses and characterization of well defined linear polymers with tailored properties using trehalose-based monomers is challenging, and typically involves protection and deprotection of hydroxyl groups to attain desired structural, morphological, biological, and physical and chemical properties in the resulting products. In this review, we will overview known literature on trehalose’s fascinating involvement in cryptobiology; highlight its applications in many fields; and then discuss methods we used to prepare new trehalose-based monomers and polymers and explain their properties.