Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A multimode/multiband envelope tracking transmitter with broadband saturated power amplifier

A multimode/multiband envelope tracking (ET) transmitter consisting of a hybrid switching amplifier (HSA) and a broadband saturated power amplifier (PA) is developed across 1.3 to 2.7 GHz. For the various standard signals with different bandwidth and peak-to-average power ratio, the HSA efficiently provides a supply signal to the PA by changing the reference value of the hysteresis comparator. The broadband saturated PA, taking advantage of a nonlinear output capacitor to shape the voltage waveform, is implemented based on load/source-pull methodology. Broadband matching networks for the high efficiency are synthesized by simplified real frequency technique. For the bandwidth from 1.3 to 2.7 GHz (70% fractional bandwidth), the measured output power, drain efficiency, and power-added efficiency (PAE) performances are between 39.8–42.0 dBm, 55.8–69.7%, and 51.2–65.3%, respectively. The ET transmitter is demonstrated at 1.8425-GHz long-term evolution (LTE), 2.14-GHz wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), and 2.6-GHz mobile world wide interoperability for microwave access (m-WiMAX) applications. It delivers the PAE of 32.16, 37.24, and 28.75% for LTE, WCDMA, and m-WiMAX applications, which are improved by 3.1, 4.2, and 1.7%, respectively.
Disclosure of research results: the cost of proving your honesty

In situations where a biased sender provides verifiable information to a receiver, I study how strategic reporting affects the incentives to search for information. Research provides series of signals that can be used selectively in reporting. I show that the sender is strictly worse off when his research effort is not observed by the receiver: he has to conduct more research than in the observable case and in equilibrium, discloses all the information he obtained. However this extra research can be socially beneficial and mandatory disclosure of results can thus be welfare reducing. Finally I identify cases where the sender withholds evidence and for which mandatory disclosure rules become more attractive.
Changes in Wall Shear Stress of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Feeder Arteries After Embolization and Surgery

Background and Purpose— Wall shear stress (WSS) has been implicated as an important stimulus for vascular remodeling. The purpose of this study is to measure WSS in AVM arterial feeders using quantitative magnetic resonance angiography pre- and post-embolization/surgery. Methods— Records of patients who underwent AVM embolization and surgical resection at our institution between 2007 and 2013 and had WSS, flow rate, and vessel diameter obtained pre- and post-treatment using quantitative magnetic resonance angiography were retrospectively reviewed. WSS was compared between the feeder and contralateral artery pre- and post-embolization/surgery. Results— Twenty-one patients were included (mean age 34 years, 19% hemorrhagic presentation), with Spetzler–Martin grades 1 to 4. WSS, blood flow, and vessel diameter were assessed in a total of 51 feeder arteries. At baseline, mean WSS was significantly higher compared with the contralateral vessel (29.7±12.0 dynes/cm2 versus 23.3±11.0 dynes/cm2; P=0.007). After embolization (23.0 dynes/cm2 versus 22.5 dynes/cm2; P=0.78) and surgery (17.9 dynes/cm2 versus 23.2 dynes/cm2; P=0.09), WSS was not significantly different than in the contralateral vessel. Reduced WSS post-embolization corresponded to significantly decreased flow (338.1 mL/min versus 170.3 mL/min; P<0.001) and smaller vessel diameter (3.7 mm versus 3.5 mm; P=0.01). Conclusions— Enlargement of cerebral AVM arterial feeders is insufficient to compensate for increased blood flow, creating high WSS. After treatment, flow diminishes and so WSS and vessel diameter concomitantly decrease. Thus, WSS plays a pivotal role in vascular remodeling that may be exploited to monitor AVM response to treatment or understand other high-flow vascular pathologies.
Investigation of Association between TLR9 Gene Polymorphisms and VKH in Japanese Patients

Purpose: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting melanocytes in the skin, eyes, inner ear, and meninges. The Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen have been hypothesized as possible triggering factors for the disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the induction of defense mechanisms of the innate and adaptive immune responses to microbial pathogens. Among TLRs, TLR9 recognizes unmethylated 2′-deoxyribo (cytidine-phosphate guanosine)(CpG) DNA motifs that are frequently present in viruses and plays a central role in the host defense against viral infection. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TLR9 polymorphisms were associated with VKH in a Japanese population. Methods: Ninety-four Japanese patients diagnosed with VKH and 125 healthy control subjects were recruited. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs187084, rs5743836, rs352139, rs352140, rs5743845) in the TLR9 gene were genotyped, and allelic and phenotypic diversity was assessed between cases and control subjects. Results: Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed among three SNPs (D’ > 0.99), which were located in one haplotype block. Two SNPs (rs5743836 and rs5743845) were monopolymorphic in both cases and controls. No statistically significant association was observed for any of the SNPs between cases and controls. Conclusion: Three SNPs in the TLR9 gene were not significantly associated with susceptibility to VKH.
Transplantation Options for Therapeutic Central Nervous System Remyelination

Persistent demyelination, in addition to being the major pathology of multiple sclerosis and the leucodystrophies, is also a feature of spinal cord trauma where there is evidence that it contributes to the functional deficit. In experimental animals it is possible to remyelinate demyelinated CNS axons by transplanting cultures containing central or peripheral myelinogenic cells. Using functional testing we have been able to show that transplant-mediated remyelination results in restoration of function lost as a consequence of demyelination. Glial cell transplantation may therefore provide a therapeutic strategy for remyelinating areas of chronic demyelination. This article reviews issues that have to be addressed before glial transplantation can be undertaken in humans. These include: what cells to use, where would the cells come from, and can we predict how much remyelination will be achieved? It concludes that the most promising approach will be to use neural multipotential stem cells isolated from embryonic CNS, expanded in vitro as neurospheres and then committed to oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation prior to implantation. However, even with such preparations, which have considerable myelinating potential, the extent of remyelination that will be achieved cannot currently be predicted with any degree of certainty.
Opportunities and challenges for context-aware systems in aerospace industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the current research and development status and future directions of context‐aware systems (CAS) in the aerospace industry.Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies a layered framework to analyse the current status of research and development of CAS in the aerospace industry from the perspectives of middleware, applications and business users. The approach is based on discussion and recent development of CAS in the general research domain. The resulting discussion is based on the authors' knowledge in both academic and industrial research.Findings – It is suggested that the key challenges for a wider adaptation of CAS in the aerospace industry are the high cost of context modelling and a lack of understanding of their potential business value. The paper proposes future research to invest in the development of a more systematic research, to focus on a modular‐based technology configuration and to investigate how to evaluate CAS performance in the aero.
[POSTER] RGB-D/C-arm Calibration and Application in Medical Augmented Reality

Calibration and registration are the first steps for augmented reality and mixed reality applications. In the medical field, the calibration between an RGB-D camera and a mobile C-arm fluoroscope is a new topic which introduces challenges. In this paper, we propose a precise 3D/2D calibration method to achieve a video augmented fluoroscope. With the design of a suitable calibration phantom for RGB-D/C-arm calibration, we calculate the projection matrix from the depth camera coordinates to the X-ray image. Through a comparison experiment by combining different steps leading to the calibration, we evaluate the effect of every step of our calibration process. Results demonstrated that we obtain a calibration RMS error of 0.54±1.40 mm which is promising for surgical applications. We conclude this paper by showcasing two clinical applications. One is a markerless registration application, the other is an RGB-D camera augmented mobile C-arm visualization.
A Parallel Quantum Histogram Architecture

A parallel formulation of an algorithm for the histogram computation of n data items using an on-the-fly data decomposition and a novel quantum-like representation (QR) is developed. The QR transformation separates multiple data read operations from multiple bin update operations, thereby making it easier to bind data items into their corresponding histogram bins. Under this model, the steps required to compute the histogram is n/s + t steps, where s is a speedup factor, and t is associated with pipeline latency. Here, we show that an overall speedup factor s is available for up to an eightfold acceleration. Our evaluation also shows that each of these cells requires less area/time complexity compared to similar proposals found in the literature.
Application of game theory on bidding price decision

In order to provide a basis for bid decision, the paper constructed bidding price game model based on game analyzing characteristics in bidding and analyzed string bid phenomenon in bidding by this model, then found the root in this phenomenon. In addition, how to improve the probability of winning a bid by estimating the project cost accurately was discussed, thus, it was beneficial to contractor for bidding price exactly. Finally, how to strength the competitiveness of bidder was proposed. So bidding price game model is a bidding price decision model that can instruct contractor bidding and provide a reference to prohibit string bid behavior.
Mobility extraction assessment in GAA Si NW JL FETs with cross-section down to 5 nm

In this paper, we report for the first time, assessment on mobility extraction in equilateral triangular gate-all-around Si nanowire junctionless (JL) nMOSFETs with cross-section down to 5 nm. This analysis was performed in accumulation regime, as a first step, addressing bias-dependency of various key MOSFET parameters (e.g. series resistance, channel width and gate-channel capacitance), non-uniform electron density due to corners and quantization. A significant bias-dependent series resistance variation in JL MOSFETs is reported above flat-band, leading to a significant mobility extraction accuracy drop of ~50%. All quasistationary device simulations were done on 100 nm long channel devices with 5-20 nm NW width, 2 nm SiO2 gate oxide thickness and 1×1019 cm-3 n-type channel doping using a constant mobility model (100 cm2/V·s).
LHCP X-band printed antenna with ellipse-shaped truncation for microsatellite data communication

The development of left-handed circularly polarized (LHCP) X-band printed antenna for microsatellite data communication is presented. The antenna which takes a circular shape with ellipse-shaped truncation is designed to resonate at the frequency of 8.2GHz with the minimum axial ratio bandwidth of 400MHz. The proposed antenna is deployed on a 1.6mm thick NPC-H220A dielectric substrate. The realized antenna can achieve the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of 6.3% or 520MHz ranges from the frequency of 7.98GHz to 8.5GHz.
Prevention of non‐melanoma skin cancer in organ transplant patients by regular use of a sunscreen: a 24 months, prospective, case–control study

Background Skin cancers represent a major challenge within the ever growing group of long time surviving organ transplant recipients (OTR) world wide. Especially UV‐induced non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) like invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and actinic keratoses (AK), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), outnumber every other form of cancer in organ transplant recipients. Despite encouraging reports of protective effects of broad‐spectrum sunscreens in immunocompetent patients, evidence for the prevention of NMSC in immunocompromised patients is still missing.
Customer Participation in the Support System for Small Grocery Retailers

Abstract In the previous research (Terashima and Dawson, 2004), we discussed a support system for small grocery retailers in order to regenerate them. The purpose of this paper is to show a mechanism which increases customer value of the support system by focusing on customer participation, because increasing customer value has a high priority as the next step for the system. In this paper, we first show that customer participation can be related to customer value through service quality. Then, we review the literature on customer participation in service and retail fields, and make clear the features and problems. After the review, we make clear the significance of a trial of AKR in which the delegates of consumer groups take part in assessing and choosing the buying items. Depending upon the example, we propose a new idea on the role of customer in service provision which is “customer as managerial staff” in the background sy stem, and we also introduce a new idea “indirect participation” about customer participation. At the same time, we consider the importance of the cooperation with other organizations like consumer groups and the forming of good images. Finally, based on these considerations, we propose a wider framework to maximize the effect produced from customer participation. We conclude this paper with contributions to management and research. Key words: Customer Participation, Service Quality, Customer Value, Small firms, Grocery Retailing
Achieving inter-domain routing security based on distributed translator trust model

To resolve the difficulties in deployment of the classic security solution S-BGP (Secure Border Gateway Protocol), the Translator Trust Model (TTM) for a new solution SE-BGP (Security Enhanced BGP) was proposed to transform the centralized deployment mode of S-BGP to distributed mode. However, the trust (attestations of routing information) translation of TTM only depends on a single hub node and this results in severe threats for the inter-domain routing system. To overcome the deficiencies of TTM, in this paper we improve TTM to Distributed TTM (DTTM) by expanding the single hub node to a set of selected multiple hub nodes; in our DTTM, the task of attestations is distributed over multiple hub nodes instead of on a single hub node. In order to make the hub nodes respond to the case of single node failures, we design a restoration mechanism to recover the network based on the neighbour-ring structure. Besides, we develop Cooperative Secure BGP (CSBGP) to realize DTTM in BGP. In comparison with SE-BGP, our experimental results show that CS-BGP achieves an improved scalability, reduced convergence time and enhanced security.
Associations of lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity) with type 2 diabetes among American adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2014

Over the long term, unhealthy lifestyles can lead to many health problems, especially type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to determine associations between lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet) and T2D in American adults (aged ≥20 years) in a nationally representative sample.
Complete Works of William Shakespeare

This single-volume edition of the complete works of William Shakespeare includes commissioned introductions to each of the plays and poems by a team of academics, including John Jowett and Philip Hobsbaum, with a textual introduction by the Shakespearean scholar Alec Yearling explaining the significance of the Alexander edition. This volume also includes a biography of Shakespeare by Germaine Greer and an introduction to Shakespeare's theatre by Anthony Burgess.
Use of solute mass balance to quantify geochemical processes in a prairie recharge wetland

In the northern prairie region of North America, there are millions of small seasonal wetlands. The aquatic ecology of these wetlands is partly controlled by the salinity of the wetland pond water, which affects the vegetation and invertebrate communities. The objective of this study was to identify the key geochemical processes affecting water chemistry in prairie wetlands. We used the combined water and solute mass balance approach to quantify the rates of geochemical reactions in a typical prairie recharge wetland in Saskatchewan, Canada. Sulfate reduction, carbonate mineral dissolution, and processes adding carbon dioxide to the pond were identified as the key geochemical reactions. Sulfate reduction removed more sulfate from the pond than infiltration in each of the four years examined. The average rate of sulfate reduction, 0.07 g m−2 d−1, was greatest in spring and decreased during the year. Reduced sulfate remains in the sediments but is re-oxidized when the pond dries out and is dissolved into the pond water and sediment pore water when the pond re-floods. X-ray diffraction analyses of wetland soil and mass balance calculations indicate magnesium-calcite is dissolved into the pond water in the spring and precipitates out of solution later in the year, and dissolves into the pond the following year.
Clostridium difficile Infection in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Study of Rates, Risk Factors and Outcomes

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) occurs in 3–7% of liver transplant recipients (LTR). However, few data exist on the recent epidemiology, predictors and outcomes of CDI in LTR. A cohort study was performed including LTR from 2000 to 2010 at a tertiary care hospital in Detroit. CDI was defined as diarrhea with a stool C. difficile positive test. Data analyzed included demographics, comorbidities, length of stay (LOS), severity of CDI, rates of recurrence (<12 weeks), relapse (<4 weeks) and overall mortality. Predictors of CDI were calculated using Cox proportional hazard model; 970 LTR were followed for years. Overall prevalence of CDI was 18.9%. Incidence of CDI within 1 year of transplant was 12.4%. Severe CDI occurred in 29.1%. CDI recurrence and relapse rates were 16.9% and 9.7%, respectively. Independent predictors of CDI were year of transplant (hazard ratio [HR] 1.137, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.22; p < 0.001), white race (105/162 whites, HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.03–2.1; p = 0.035), Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.045, p = 0.003) and LOS (HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.005–1.02, p < 0.001). Significant mortality was observed among LTR with CDI compared to those without CDI (p = 0.003). We concluded that CDI is common among LTR and is associated with higher mortality.
catena-Poly[bis(μ3-2-phenylacetato-κ3 O,O′:O)bis(μ2-2-phenylacetato-κ2 O:O′)dicopper(II)(Cu—Cu)]

The title polymeric compound, [Cu2(C8H7O2)4]n, was synthesized by the reaction of copper acetate with aqueous phenylacetic acid. The unique CuII atom is coordinated by five O atoms from the carboxylate groups of phenylacetate ligands, and the strongly distorted octahedral coordination environment is completed by a Cu—Cu bond of 2.581 (2) Å, at whose mid-point is located an inversion centre. The crystal structure consists of infinite polymeric linear chains of Cu2+ ions, running along [100], linked by bridging phenylacetate groups.
TrkB Signaling Directs the Incorporation of Newly Generated Periglomerular Cells in the Adult Olfactory Bulb

In the adult rodent brain, the olfactory bulb (OB) is continuously supplied with new neurons which survival critically depends on their successful integration into pre-existing networks. Yet, the extracellular signals that determine the selection which neurons will be ultimately incorporated into these circuits are largely unknown. Here, we show that immature neurons express the catalytic form of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB [full-length TrkB (TrkB-FL)] only after their arrival in the OB, at the time when integration commences. To unravel the role of TrkB signaling in newborn neurons, we conditionally ablated TrkB-FL in mice via Cre expression in adult neural stem and progenitor cells. TrkB-deficient neurons displayed a marked impairment in dendritic arborization and spine growth. By selectively manipulating the signaling pathways initiated by TrkB in vivo, we identified the transducers Shc/PI3K to be required for dendritic growth, whereas the activation of phospholipase C-γ was found to be responsible for spine formation. Furthermore, long-term genetic fate mapping revealed that TrkB deletion severely compromised the survival of new dopaminergic neurons, leading to a substantial reduction in the overall number of adult-generated periglomerular cells (PGCs), but not of granule cells (GCs). Surprisingly, this loss of dopaminergic PGCs was mirrored by a corresponding increase in the number of calretinin+ PGCs, suggesting that distinct subsets of adult-born PGCs may respond differentially to common extracellular signals. Thus, our results identify TrkB signaling to be essential for balancing the incorporation of defined classes of adult-born PGCs and not GCs, reflecting their different mode of integration in the OB.
Transcriptional control of cell density dependent regulation of matrix metalloproteinase and TIMP expression in breast cancer cell lines

Summary Our recent studies on breast carcinoma cell lines with differing tumorigenicity / invasiveness (MCF-7< MDA-MB-468< MDAMB-231< MDA-MB-435) had shown significantly decreasing expression levels of MMPs-1,-2,-3,-8,-9,-10,-11 and –13 with increasing cell density while the levels of TIMP-1 and –2 increased. This correlated well with a lower invasiveness of confluent cells. In the present study, we extend our in vitro studies on three-dimensional cultures of breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDAMB-435 and the transcriptional control of MMP and TIMP-expression in two-dimensional cultures of MDA-MB-231 and –435 cells. The tumor spheroid model showed that MMP expression and proteolytic activity were considerably higher in loosely structured tumor groups as compared to densely growing “compact” cell complexes. These data suggested that cell density regulates MMP and TIMP transcription and therefore, we tested whether AP-1, NFκB and CRE are involved in this process. Gene silencing of c-jun in sparse cultures had an inhibitory effect on MMP-3,–9 and –13 expression, on proteolytic activity as well as on the invasive potential of the cells, thus confirming a role for AP-1. TIMP-1, and –2 expression was up-regulated as compared to control cells. Consistent with this, overexpression of c-jun and c-fos in confluent breast cancer cell lines leads to up-regulation of MMP expression, proteolytic activity and invasion as well as down-regulation of TIMP-1. In summary, we provide evidence that cell density influences the invasive potential of tumor cells via regulation of MMPs and TIMPs by AP-1, NFκB and CRE transcription factors. Overexpression of MMPs in sparse cultures could help explain early dissemination of potentially metastatic cells.