Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selbstregulation langsamer Hirnpotentiale

Self-regulation of slow cortical potentials (SCP). Slow cortical potentials reflect changes in the depolarization of apical dendrites and regulate local thresholds of excitability in cortical cell assemblies. These ultra-slow negative potentials mobilize behavior and cognitive performance. Self-regulation of SCP through visual or acoustic feedback and positive reinforeerneut ("biofeedback") induces specific variations in neuronal excitation thresholds and behavior, dependent upon the intensity and anatomicallocalization of the learned electric brain response. Physiological self-regulation requires intact prefrontal cortical functioning. The prefrontallobe is involved in anticipatory attention and delayed reinforcement, functions necessary for all types of self-regulatory behavior. Disorders of cortical excitability, such as epilepsy and attentional dysfunctions disrupt SCP-self-regulation performance. SCP-self-regulation treatment reduces seizure probability through a learned increase in cortical excitation thresholds. A Thought Translation Device (ITD) based on self-regulated SCP-changes manipulates electronic switches and computer-based spelling programs. ITD allows communication after totalloss of voluntary motor functions (locked-in-syndrome).
Tone language and song : An optimality theoretic model of the influence of a sung melody on the interpretation of mandarin lexical tones

Acknowledgements I would like to offer a word of gratitude to the following people, for helping me in the process of finishing this thesis. Firstly, to my thesis supervisor Paul Boersma, thank you for your academic mentoring and critical advice, and mostly, many thanks for staying so patient. Also, I would like to thank my mother and stepfather, who have been the best in offering me support and encouragement. It is thanks to them that I succeeded in regularly doing the dishes and eating enough vegetables while working. Furthermore, to my dear friend David, musician and fellow linguist, whose feisty discussions have been a source of ideas about the relationship between language and music. To many of my other friends, thank you for listening patiently to all my ranting about the subject of my thesis. Be assured that everything will return back to normality soon. And last but not least, to the coffee baristas of the Coffee Company on the corner, I would never have made it without your excellent cappuccinos and double espressos to keep me awake and energized in times of hard work. Abstract The present study focuses on formalizing musical auditory cue constraints in an Optimality Theory model, in such a way that their hierarchical ranking results in the model generating Mandarin lexical tone perceptions based on a given stimulus melody. This model of a virtual Mandarin listener comes to different constraint rankings in different learning conditions by applying the Gradual Learning Algorithm, each of these conditions reflecting a different grammar set that will be compared to original data obtained from real listeners. The purpose for running these simulations was twofold. Firstly, by doing so I will show that for the perception and identification of lexical tones in a song, Mandarin Chinese listeners are likely to use both the direction of the melody and pitch register equally often. Furthermore, it seems that the pitch and direction of the preceding syllable with respect to the target syllable is of more influence than the succeeding one. However, the results do suggest that a listener's decisions in the experiment were largely based on chance, which would imply that for the understanding of the lyrics in Mandarin Chinese songs, other elements than those analysed by the model are of importance. Secondly, by showing that constraints for the perception of melody can be hierarchically ranked, like constraints for the perception of speech, …
Information Overload and Usage of Recommendations

This research examines the antecedents of information overload and recommendation agents’ consultation and their effects on reactance and choice quality. We propose that information overload and the user need for cognition affect the tendency to employ decision heuristic (consulting a recommendation agent) and shape the user reactance to recommendations. A fully randomized experiment with different levels of information loads that involved 466 individuals with the task of choosing a laptop and the option to consult a recommendation agent is performed. Results show that users opted to consult the recommendation agent more as information loads and as perceived overload increases and that product recommendations were salient in enhancing choice, particularly when the information was less diagnostic (for choice sets with proportional distribution of attribute levels across alternatives). Results further reveal that as perceived overload increases, people show less reactance to recommendations. Whereas users consulting the recommendations at higher overload levels had generally better choices, they showed higher confidence in their choices only when they conform rather than react to recommendations.
A Practical Implementation of Semantic Precision and Recall

The systematic evaluation of ontology alignments still faces a number of problems. One is the argued inadequacy of traditional quality measures adopted from the field of information retrieval. In previous work, Euzenat and others have proposed notions of semantic precision and recall that are supposed to better reflect the true quality of an alignment by considering its deductive closure rather than the explicitly stated correspondences. So far, these measures have only been investigated in theory. In this paper, we present the first implementation of a restricted version of semantic precision and recall as well as experiments in using it, we conducted on the results of the 2008 OAEI campaign.
Code distribution algorithm based on ring tree clustering structure for WSN

The existing code distribution protocol is analyzed in reprogramming for wireless sensor network oriented controlled flooding and it produces redundant information copies and causes too much energy consumption. A code distribution algorithm for wireless sensor network based on ring tree clustering structure is proposed to improve performance for the existing reprogramming algorithm. It divides the distribution of sensor nodes into the equidistant circular ring as the center of sink. Every ring selects cluster head for the own probability. Outer ring cluster and member nodes acquire the new code through the inner ring cluster heads as transit router. Cluster heads rotate to balance the energy consumption between the nodes. Performance analysis and simulation experiment shows that the new algorithm provides higher energy efficiency and longer lifetime.
In-Vehicle Driver Detection Using Mobile Phone Sensors

With the advances in smartphone technologies, automated detection and awareness of various user statuses has become a focal point of mobile computing research. In this project, I present a software-based, mobile-phone sensing system to determine if the user is the driver or a passenger in an automobile. The system helps the mobile device’s identify the user’s available attention and focus, enabling it to control delivery of potentially interrupting events such as incoming calls and messages. Since the system does not employ additional hardware, the phone may be carried in different locations and orientations. In addition, the paper will describe the various design challenges, including the evaluation of the system’s energy consumption and operation in noisy environments using the Android 2.3. x and iPhone OS 4.x devices.
SET7/9-dependent methylation of ARTD1 at K508 stimulates poly-ADP-ribose formation after oxidative stress

ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1 (ARTD1, formerly PARP1) is localized in the nucleus, where it ADP-ribosylates specific target proteins. The post-translational modification (PTM) with a single ADP-ribose unit or with polymeric ADP-ribose (PAR) chains regulates protein function as well as protein–protein interactions and is implicated in many biological processes and diseases. SET7/9 (Setd7, KMT7) is a protein methyltransferase that catalyses lysine monomethylation of histones, but also methylates many non-histone target proteins such as p53 or DNMT1. Here, we identify ARTD1 as a new SET7/9 target protein that is methylated at K508 in vitro and in vivo. ARTD1 auto-modification inhibits its methylation by SET7/9, while auto-poly-ADP-ribosylation is not impaired by prior methylation of ARTD1. Moreover, ARTD1 methylation by SET7/9 enhances the synthesis of PAR upon oxidative stress in vivo. Furthermore, laser irradiation-induced PAR formation and ARTD1 recruitment to sites of DNA damage in a SET7/9-dependent manner. Together, these results reveal a novel mechanism for the regulation of cellular ARTD1 activity by SET7/9 to assure efficient PAR formation upon cellular stress.
Emotion faces: the design and evaluation of a game for preschool children

We describe the design and initial evaluation of an interactive game that enables preschool children to practise a basic social skill: emotion recognition. Users construct faces to represent 5 basic emotions through the manipulation of individual face parts. An iterative user-centred design process was used to gather image and sound data for the game. A field evaluation revealed that the children (7 boys and 4 girls) enjoyed playing the game and were able to match facial expression to emotions. Girls employed a different approach to game play than boys and achieved a higher success rate but made fewer overall attempts. Affective and co-operative activity was evident with the children showing joint attention and mirroring of emotions during play.
Combined Replacement of Fish Meal and Oil in Practical Diets for Fast Growing Juveniles of Gilthead Sea Bream (sparus Aurata L.): Networking of Systemic and Local Components of Gh/igf Axis

Growth performance and growth regulatory pathways were examined in juvenile gilthead sea bream fed diets containing largely plant-based ingredients. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic extruded diets with a low level (20%) of fish meal inclusion were formulated with graded levels of a vegetable oil mixture (17:58:25 of rapeseed: linseed: palm oils) replacing fish oil at 33, 66 and 100% (33VO, 66VO and VO diets). All diets were supplemented with lysine (0.55%) and contained soy lecithin (1%). Daily growth coefficients and feed efficiency over the course of an 11-week trial were almost identical in fish fed the FO, 33VO and 66VO diets. The VO diet reduced feed intake and growth without significant effects in proximate whole body composition, nitrogen or energy retentions. The highest concentration of plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) was found in fish fed the 33VO diet. The lowest concentration was attained in fish fed the VO diet, whereas intermediate values were found in fish fed FO and 66VO diets. An opposite trend was found for circulating levels of growth hormone (GH), probably as a result of a reduced negative feedback inhibition from circulating IGF-I. Hepatic expression of IGF-I and GH receptor type I (GHR-I) was regulated in concert and mRNA levels paralleled plasma levels of IGF-I. Hepatic IGF-II and GHR-II were expressed in a more constitutive manner and no changes at the mRNA level were detected. In the skeletal muscle, IGF-I and GHR-I mRNAs did not vary significantly among groups. By contrast, IGF-II mRNA was up-regulated in fish fed the control diet, whereas the highest amount of GHR-II mRNA was attained in fish fed the 66VO diet. All together, these results suggest different growth compensatory mechanisms mediated by IGF-II and GHR-II at the local tissue level. These new insights prompted us to propose that practical diets low in marine ingredients can be used over the productive cycle of gilthead sea bream when essential fatty acids are supplied above the requirement levels.
Taxonomy and Usage Guidelines for Glyph-based Medical Visualization

In this paper we investigate glyph-based visualization techniques for the medical domain. We concentrate on both visualization as well as interaction techniques, developed for providing more valuable glyph representations. By taking into account classification concepts established in the area of information visualization, we build up a glyph taxonomy based on the way information is processed when interpreting glyph visualizations. Thus we classify glyph capabilities in those supporting pre-attentive and those supporting attentive processing. With respect to the introduced taxonomy, we review glyph-based medical visualizations that have been described in literature. Furthermore, derived from the comparison of these techniques and their suitability for performing a desired exploration task, we propose guidelines for the usage of glyphs in medical
Homozygous mdm2 SNP309 cancer cells with compromised transcriptional elongation at p53 target genes are sensitive to induction of p53-independent cell death

A single nucleotide polymorphism (T to G) in the mdm2 P2 promoter, mdm2 SNP309, leads to MDM2 overexpression promoting chemotherapy resistant cancers. Two mdm2 G/G SNP309 cancer cell lines, MANCA and A875, have compromised wild-type p53 that co-localizes with MDM2 on chromatin. We hypothesized that MDM2 in these cells inhibited transcription initiation at the p53 target genes p21 and puma. Surprisingly, following etoposide treatment transcription initiation occurred at the compromised target genes in MANCA and A875 cells similar to the T/T ML-1 cell line. In all cell lines tested there was equally robust recruitment of total and initiated RNA polymerase II (Pol II). We found that knockdown of MDM2 in G/G cells moderately increased expression of subsets of p53 target genes without increasing p53 stability. Importantly, etoposide and actinomycin D treatments increased histone H3K36 trimethylation in T/T, but not G/G cells, suggesting a G/G correlated inhibition of transcription elongation. We therefore tested a chemotherapeutic agent (8-amino-adenosine) that induces p53-independent cell death for higher clinically relevant cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that T/T and G/G mdm2 SNP309 cells were equally sensitive to 8-amino-adenosine induced cell death. In conclusion for cancer cells overexpressing MDM2, targeting MDM2 may be less effective than inducing p53-independent cell death.
Second-Order Functions and Theorems in ACL2

SOFT ('Second-Order Functions and Theorems') is a tool to mimic second-order functions and theorems in the first-order logic of ACL2. Second-order functions are mimicked by first-order functions that reference explicitly designated uninterpreted functions that mimic function variables. First-order theorems over these second-order functions mimic second-order theorems universally quantified over function variables. Instances of second-order functions and theorems are systematically generated by replacing function variables with functions. SOFT can be used to carry out program refinement inside ACL2, by constructing a sequence of increasingly stronger second-order predicates over one or more target functions: the sequence starts with a predicate that specifies requirements for the target functions, and ends with a predicate that provides executable definitions for the target functions.
CONCEPT-ORIENTED SAMPLE IMAGES SELECTION

In semantic-based image classification, learning concepts for adding knowledge to the image descriptions is an issue of special interest. This learning increases the capabilities for more “intelligent” image processing. The classifier learns by generalizing specific facts present in a number of design samples. Due to the fact that the learning and classification processes run over image descriptions containing part of the image content, selection of training patterns should take into account relationships among those descriptions. Proposed framework uses clustering mechanisms to support the selection of design samples and annotator’s hints to reinforce the classifier learning.
Increased EEG Current-Source Density in the High Beta Frequency Band Induced by Levetiracetam Adjunctive Therapy in Refractory Partial Epilepsy

Background and Purpose Levetiracetam (LEV) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) that has favorable effects on cognition. Although neuropsychological studies have demonstrated these favorable outcomes on cognition, there are few electrophysiologic data describing the functional changes exerted by LEV. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of LEV adjunctive therapy on the current-source density (CSD) in the high beta frequency band (22-30 Hz) of EEG background activity in refractory partial epilepsy (RPE). Methods We conducted a 24-week, open-label, prospective study in 24 patients with RPE. Scalp electroencephalography and neuropsychological tests (NPTs) were conducted twice, once before the LEV trial and then again after 24 weeks of medication. Results The CSD in the 22-30 Hz band of EEG background activity increased in the bilateral anterior cingulate gyri, left parahippocampal gyrus, and a small area of the right anterior parahippocampal gyrus after the LEV trial. Neither seizure freedom nor the dosage increment of LEV elicited meaningful CSD changes. Verbal memory and executive function were improved after the 24-week LEV trial. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the changes in CSD induced by LEV adjunctive therapy in RPE patients. The CSD changes and NPT results suggest that LEV enhances the activities of the neuronal networks in the prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus.
Willingness to Falsely Take Blame among Friends: Closeness, Reporting Wrongdoing, and Identity

ABSTRACT This study examined people’s willingness to falsely take the blame for a friend’s offense. We sought to identify whether friendship closeness and individual differences would predict false blame-taking. Participants were randomly assigned to think of either a close or casual friend engaging in driver negligence and indicated their willingness to falsely take responsibility. Although self-construal was unrelated to willingness, oneness mediated the relationship between friendship closeness and blame-taking willingness. Negative attitudes about reporting wrongdoing predicted a greater willingness, and men were more willing to take the blame than women. Results may help those in the legal system to better identify false confessions.
Ganging up: team-based aggression expands the population/performance envelope in a multi-robot system

We examine a team of robots with no centralized control performing a transportation task in which robots frequently interfere with each other, thus impairing overall team's performance. It has previously been shown that stereo-typed robot-robot competitions, inspired by aggressive displays in animals, can be used to effectively reduce interference and improve system performance for this task. We describe an extension to the previous best-performing 'aggression function' to dynamic teams of robots. Experimental results show that the new method provides the best performance yet seen. Further, we examine the effects of interference-reduction methods over a range of population sizes, and we compare the results to a previously suggested theoretical model
PCA and LDA-based face verification using back-propagation neural network

In this paper, we present back-propagation neural network (BPNN) as back-end classifier for face verification. Face features are extracted based on principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). PCA efficiently reduces dimension of face images and represent them with eigenfaces; while LDA is alternatively used to improve discriminant ability of the PCA algorithm. Back-propagation neural network (BPNN) is used to learn the patterns of PCA and LDA features and produce relevant client and imposter scores for verification. The algorithms were evaluated using AT&T face database which comprises 40 subjects and with a total size of 400 images. Experimental results show that BPNN significantly improves the performance of face verification which is based on Euclidean distance. Percentages of improvement in equal error rate (EER) by range 62%–85% is achieved by BPNN.
Aligning Multi-Cultural Knowledge Taxonomies by Combinatorial Optimization

Large collections of digital knowledge have become valuable assets for search and recommendation applications. The taxonomic type systems of such knowledge bases are often highly heterogeneous, as they reflect different cultures, languages, and intentions of usage. We present a novel method to the problem of multi-cultural knowledge alignment, which maps each node of a source taxonomy onto a ranked list of most suitable nodes in the target taxonomy. We model this task as combinatorial optimization problems, using integer linear programming and quadratic programming. The quality of the computed alignments is evaluated, using large heterogeneous taxonomies about book categories.
A Preliminary Seismic Analysis of 51 Pegasi: Large and Small Spacings from Standard Models

We present a preliminary theoretical seismic study of the astronomically famous star 51 Peg. This is done by first performing a detailed analysis within the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HRD). Using the Yale stellar evolution code (YREC), a grid of stellar evolutionary tracks has been constructed for the masses 1.00, 1.05, and 1.10 M☉, in the metallicity range Z = 0.024-0.044, and for values of the Galactic helium enrichment ratio (ΔY/ΔZ) in the range 0-2.5. Along these evolutionary tracks, we select 75 stellar model candidates that fall within the 51 Peg observational error box in the HRD (all turn out to have masses of 1.05 and 1.10 M☉). The corresponding allowable age range for these models, which depends sensitively on the parameters of the model, is relatively large, ~2.5-5.5 Gyr. For each of the 75 models, a nonradial pulsation analysis is carried out and the large- and small-frequency spacings are calculated. The results show that just measuring the large- and small-frequency spacings will greatly reduce the present uncertainties in the derived physical parameters and in the age of 51 Peg. Finally, we briefly discuss refinements in the physics of the models and in the method of analysis, which will have to be included in future models to make the best of the precise frequency determinations expected from space observations.