Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Similarity search in Recent Biased time series databases using Vari-DWT and Polar wavelets

A time series database is a collection of data that are generated in series as time goes on and constitutes a large portion of data stored in computers like stock-price movements, weather data, bio-medical measurements, video data etc., Two time sequences of same length are said to be similar if the Euclidean distance is less or equal to a given threshold. The main issue of similarity search in time series databases is to improve the search performance since time sequences are usually of high dimension. So it is important to reduce the search space for efficient processing of similarity search in large time series databases. Popular techniques for efficient retrieval of time sequences in time series databases are DFT, DWT, SVD, PAA, PCA, APCA etc., In this paper we explore the feasibility of using Vari-DWT and Polar wavelet with a comprehensive analysis of the two methods as matching functions which can improve the search performance in Recent-Biased time series databases. Vari-DWT is fast to compute and requires little storage for each sequence, It preserves Euclidean distance and recency and also allows good approximation with a subset of coefficients. But it shows poor performance for locally distributed time series data which are clustered around certain values since it uses averages to reduce the dimensionality of data. Polar wavelet uses polar coordinates which are not affected from averages and so can improve the search performance especially in locally distributed time series databases. Moreover, DWT has the limitation that it works best if the length of time series 2n otherwise it approximates the signal by adding 0 to the right side of the series to make the length to be 2n which distorts the original signal. Polar wavelet works with time sequences of any length without distorting the original signal. The effectiveness of Vari-DWT and Polar wavelets are evaluated empirically on real weather data and synthetic datasets.
Joint source-relay selection in two-way full-duplex relay network

We investigate the outage probability of a variablegain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay network. A multi-source multi-relay network is considered with one destination and twoway traffic, where each node is equipped with two antennas and works on a full-duplex (FD) transmission mode. Meanwhile, the number of sources and relays is M and N, respectively. The residual self-interference, leaking from the full-duplex node's output to its input, exists in each node, and selective combing is performed at the source and the destination. In particular, we propose a practical joint source-relay selection scheme for this network, aiming to harvest selective diversity and power gain for reliable transmission. Unlike the existing schemes, we take the direct link from the source to the destination into consideration; therefore, it bears the potential to improve system stability. The proposed scheme only needs the local channel state information (CSI), and can be operated in a distributed manner. Furthermore, we derive a tight closed-form lower bound for the outage probability with the proposed scheme, and a simple asymptotic expression is also obtained with clear insights into the achievable diversity order. Our analysis shows that full cooperative diversity gain is achievable with the proposed scheme, and the selection on sources provides additional power gain. Finally, numerical results consolidate our theoretical analysis and show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Towards sub-nanosecond synchronization of a telecom network by fiber optic distribution of UTC(k)

The operation of a mobile telecom network relies directly on the synchronization of thousands of base stations that must be robust and operate reliably 24 hours a day. Nowadays networks using advanced Long Time Evolution (LTE) standard need not only frequency syntonization, but also time synchronization that should ideally be traceable to UTC. In this work we present first results of providing UTC(PTB) (1 PPS and 10 MHz) by optical fiber to a test center of Deutsche Telekom in Bremen. The work aimed at a proof-of-concept in real telecommunication environment and the demonstration of the long-term operation capability and scalability of the approach. A potential future application is the comparison of UTC(PTB) and UTC(DTAG).
Normal values for some whole blood and serum components of grivet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

Summary Normal values for a number of blood components of grivet monkeys are reported. Haematological data and values for glucose, cholesterol and urea are similar to those of rhesus monkeys. Activities of alkaline phosphatase (1526 U/l), glutamine oxaloacetate trans-aminase (30·9 U/l), glutamine pyruvate transaminase (13·7 U/l), lactate dehydrogenase (629 U/l), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (175 U/l), creatine phosphokinase (227 U/l), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (38·7 U/l) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (14·2 U/l), and levels of lysozyme (178 mg/dl), zinc (162 μg/dl), copper (81·3 μg/dl) and iron (296·5 μg/dl) have not previously been reported for this animal. Values for serum amino acids, proteins, electrolytes, triglycerides and creatinine are compared with those of other primates.
Mechanical Circulatory Assistance: Established (IABP) and Evolving (LVAD). A Narrative Summary

Comparisons of the physiologic bases of intraaortic balloon and extracorporeal or implantable left ventricular assist device or partial artificial heart pumping in experimental and clinical setting are made. The concepts and first principles common and unique to both of these forms of mechanical circulatory support are presented with emphasis on the similarities and important differences. Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation is examined as an intravascular, volume displacement device in series with the systemic circulations. Left ventricular assist devices are analyzed as extravascular in-series or parallel volume-capturing/ejecting devices and as true blood pumps which can be implanted. The interrelated mechanisms of synchronous, diversion/counterpulsation/diastolic augmentation are discussed in relation to quantitative indices of myocardial ischemia, myocardial oxygen supply/demand ratios, the Sarnoff theorem and the Laplace relationship, vis à vis ventricular unloading/impedance reductions. Some of the many clinical settings of IABP are mentioned, along with hydraulic considerations which allow non-invasive determination of stroke volume during clinical IABP mechanical circulatory support. Cardiogenic shock/left ventricular failure/low cardiac output are defined in terms of failure to generate pressure and displace volume and deficits of ejection fraction and stroke volume. Vasodilator therapy (nitroprusside), IABP, and LVAD are then viewed as escalating methods of reversing these deficits. Finally, pressure volume loops of the human left ventricle are compared with those of LVADs, experimentally and clinically, to indicate that LVADs can function and support the circulation during all low output states including ventricular fibrillation and standstill. Representative hemodynamic traces (Fig. 5 and 6) obtained during clinical LVAD trials in man are included to illustrate these theoretical and practical considerations. The use of LVADs in any instance of IABP inadequacy is implicit and inferred.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Sequential Intravenous (i.v.) and Oral Moxifloxacin Compared with Sequential i.v. and Oral Co-Amoxiclav with or without Clarithromycin in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Initial Parenteral Treatment

ABSTRACT The objective of the present trial was to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of moxifloxacin (400 mg) given intravenously (i.v.) once daily followed by oral moxifloxacin (400 mg) for 7 to 14 days with the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of co-amoxiclav (1.2 g) administered by i.v. infusion three times a day followed by oral co-amoxiclav (625 mg) three times a day, with or without clarithromycin (500 mg) twice daily (i.v. or orally), for 7 to 14 days in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia requiring initial parenteral therapy. A total of 628 patients were enrolled and assessed by evaluation of their clinical and bacteriological responses 5 to 7 days and 21 to 28 days after administration of the last dose of study medication. Although the trial was designed, on the basis of predefined outcomes, to demonstrate the equivalence of the two regimens, the results showed statistically significant higher clinical success rates (for moxifloxacin, 93.4%, and for comparator regimen, 85.4%; difference [Δ], 8.05%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.91 to 13.19%; P = 0.004) and bacteriological success rates (for moxifloxacin, 93.7%, and for comparator regimen, 81.7%; Δ, 12.06%; 95% CI, 1.21 to 22.91%) for patients treated with moxifloxacin. This superiority was seen irrespective of the severity of the pneumonia and whether or not the combination therapy included a macrolide. The time to resolution of fever was also statistically significantly faster for patients who received moxifloxacin (median time, 2 versus 3 days), and the duration of hospital admission was approximately 1 day less for patients who received moxifloxacin. The treatment was converted to oral therapy immediately after the initial mandatory 3-day period of i.v. administration for a larger proportion of patients in the moxifloxacin group than patients in the comparator group (151 [50.2%] versus 57 [17.8%] patients). There were fewer deaths (9 [3.0%] versus 17 [5.3%]) and fewer serious adverse events (38 [12.6%] versus 53 [16.5%]) in the moxifloxacin group than in the comparator group. The rates of drug-related adverse events were comparable in both groups (38.9% in each treatment group). The overall incidence of laboratory abnormalities was similar in both groups. Thus, it is concluded that monotherapy with moxifloxacin is superior to that with a standard combination regimen of a β-lactam and a β-lactamase inhibitor, co-amoxiclav, with or without a macrolide, clarithromycin, in the treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to a hospital.
Forgiveness, coping, and terrorism: do tendency to forgive and coping strategies associate with the level of posttraumatic symptoms of injured victims of terror attacks?

OBJECTIVE The study examined the tendency to forgive (self, others, and situations) and coping strategies (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidance) among terror attack victims as associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. METHOD The sample included 108 terror victims who had been injured in terror attacks (mean age 46.23, standard deviation = 11.61; 58.3% male). Participants agreed to undergo assessments of their PTSD symptoms, coping strategies, and tendency to forgive. RESULTS A nested structural equation model design showed that tendency to forgive is positively associated with problem-focused coping and negatively associated with avoidance coping. Additionally, tendency to forgive and problem-focused coping are associated with decreased PTSD symptom severity, whereas emotion-focused coping is associated with elevated PTSD symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS Tendency to forgive and coping strategies are significantly associated with each other and with severity of PTSD symptoms among individuals injured in terror attacks. Theoretical and clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
The urinary metabolomics profile of an Italian autistic children population and their unaffected siblings

Abstract Objective: A supervised multivariate model to classify the metabolome alterations between autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) patients and controls, siblings of autistic patients, has been realized and used to realize a network model of the ASD patients’ metabolome. Methods: In our experiment we propose a quantification of urinary metabolites with the Mass Spectroscopy technique couple to Gas Chromatography. A multivariate model has been used to extrapolate the variables of importance for a network model of interaction between metabolites. In this way we are able to propose a network-based approach to ASD description. Results: Children with autistic disease composing our studied population showed elevated concentration of several organic acids and sugars. Interactions among diet, intestinal flora and genes may explain such findings. Among them, the 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid has been previously described as altered in autistic subjects. Other metabolites increased are 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid, glycolic acid and glycine, cis-aconitic acid; phenylalanine, tyrosine, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid are all involved in the tyrosine pathway leading to neurotransmitter cathecolamine. Conclusion: GC-MS-based metabolomic analysis of the urinary metabolome suggests to have the required sensitivity and specificity to gain insight into ASD phenotypes and aid a personalized network-based medicine approach.
PVID: An interactive Matlab application for parameter identification of complete and simplified single-diode PV models

This paper introduces PVID, an interactive application for performing parameter identification of both complete (5-parameter) and simplified (4-parameter) single-diode photovoltaic (PV) models. Two equations are presented that allow to perform on-line 4-parameter identification without exploiting iterative methods. They are useful, for example, to support a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. On the other hand, the 5-parameter identification is based on an inherently iterative algorithm. User can interactively simulate the behavior of both models and compare their ability to reconstruct the current-voltage curve of the PV source. Moreover, since iterative methods could return a wrong solution, PVID also allows to select arbitrary initial conditions to verify their effect on the reconstruction of the current-voltage curve. Finally, the user can evaluate whether/how much the maximum power point moves when the initial conditions are varied. A verification of the effectiveness of the proposed tool against measured data of commercial PV modules is given. The proposed application can be advantageously applied for educational purpose to better understand the potential and the limitations of the different PV models and their parameter identification procedures.
Construct validity and reliability of the rivermead behavioural memory test in the Turkish population

Primary objective: To adapt the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT) for the Turkish adult population and to test its reliability and validity among acquired brain injury patients. Research design: Descriptive study of RMBT's normative scores, reliability and validity. Methods and procedures: One hundred and seventy-one acquired brain injury patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation in a university hospital and 266 normal adults were assessed by RBMT. Reliability was tested by internal consistency and person separation index (PSI), internal construct validity by Rasch analysis and external construct validity by associations with physical and cognitive disability. Results: Reliability was good with Cronbach's α = 0.84 and PSI = 0.85 at admission. Fit to the Rasch model showed one item (faces) to deviate from model expectation. After its removal, internal construct validity was confirmed (mean item fit = −0.394, SD = 0.796; mean person fit = −0.228, SD = 0.681). External construct validity was supported by expected correlations. Conclusion: The original 12-item version of RBMT adapted for use in acquired brain injury in Turkey has been shown to lack internal construct validity. An 11-item version (without ‘faces’) gives a valid unidimensional summed score and can be transformed to a linear metric for use in studies where change scores are required.
Stochastic Analysis of 802.11 Uplink with Dynamic Sensitivity Control

An analytic model on dynamic sensitivity control (DSC) for 802.11 infrastructure up-link communication is proposed in this paper. The stochastic geometry approach is used where the locations of stations (STAs) and access points (APs) are modelled with two Poisson point processes (PPP) with density lambda-&#x00B5; and lambda-&#x00B5; a respectively. Using the amended Martern hard-core thinning and proposed approximation, we are able to calculate the transmission probability, successful reception probability and throughput in both spatial average and spatial distribution manner. The derived expressions can be useful insights on parameter optimization for the next generation of 802.11 standard to improve the performance by maximizing the benefits gained from DSC.
Diet diversity and gastric cancer

It has long been suggested that a varied diet may protect against gastric cancer, in the absence, however, of definition and quantification of the issue. Thus, we considered the relationship between diet diversity (i.e., variety of food intake computed as the total number of foods consumed at least once per week) and the risk of gastric cancer using data of a case‐control study conducted between 1985 and 1993 in northern Italy on 746 gastric‐cancer cases below age 75 years and 2,053 controls admitted to hospital for acute, non‐neoplastic, non‐digestive‐tract diseases. A significant inverse association was observed between various measures of food diversity and gastric cancer risk. Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of total diversity, the multivariate odds ratios (ORs) were 0.9 for the second, 0.9 for the third and 0.7 for the highest quartiles. The inverse association was even stronger for vegetable (OR = 0.5 for the highest level) and fruit (OR = 0.6) diversity. Our findings were not explained by allowance for total calorie intake and total number of servings, besides education as an indicator of social class, and support, therefore, the concept that a more diversified and richer diet is a relevant underlying correlate of the decline in gastric cancer rates. Int. J. Cancer 72:255–257, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Titanium Superconducting Photon-Number-Resolving Detector

High-efficiency photon-number-resolving detectors have been developed using titanium-based transition-edge sensors. Device performances have been evaluated with respect to the response photon distribution, dark count, and timing jitter. In the analysis of the photon statistics, the observed detection probabilities were consistent with Poisson distributions. From a comparison of the measured distribution with theory, 98% detection efficiency was deduced at 850 nm. The dark count probability of the device is less than 10-6, corresponding to a dark count rate of 0.6 Hz. The timing jitter is 25 ns, the best value ever reported (to our knowledge) in transition-edge sensors used for optical photon measurements.
Cooperative Data Protection

COOPERATIVE DATA PROTECTION Yupu Zhang Storage systems employ various techniques to protect user d ata from hardware failures and software defects. These techniques, while effecti ve in their own domains, fail to provide comprehensive protection. In this disserta tion, we identify the problem of isolated protectionin both local storage systems and cloud storage services, and proposecooperative data protection to address this problem. In the first half of this dissertation (on local storage syste ms), we present a study of the effects of disk and memory corruption on ZFS, a modern c ommercial file system with numerous reliability mechanisms. Through care ful and thorough fault injection, we show that ZFS is robust to a wide range of disk fa ults, but because of its isolated integrity checks that only cover on-disk dat a, i is less resilient to memory corruption, which can lead to corrupt data being retu rn d to applications or system crashes. To solve this problem, we introduce flexible end-to-end data integrity, which enables all components along the I/O path (e.g., page cache, file system) to handle checksums cooperatively. Each component is able to alter it s p otection scheme to meet the performance and reliability demands of the system. We apply this new concept to ZFS and build Zettabyte-Reliable ZFS (Z 2FS). Z2FS provides dynamical tradeoffs between performance and protection and offer s Z ttabyte Reliability, which is at most one undetected corruption per Zettabyte of d ata read. We develop an analytical framework to evaluate reliability; the prote ction approaches in Z 2FS are built upon the foundations of the framework. For compari son, we implement a straight-forward End-to-End ZFS (E 2ZFS) with the same protection scheme for all components. Through analysis and experiment, we show th at Z2FS is able to achieve better overall performance than E 2ZFS, while still offering Zettabyte Reliability. In the second half of this dissertation (on cloud storage ser vic s), we analyze
SOX2–LIN28/let-7 pathway regulates proliferation and neurogenesis in neural precursors

Significance The transcription factor SOX2 plays a critical role in self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of neural precursors (NPCs); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its functions are poorly understood. We found that SOX2 regulates the expression of LIN28, a suppressor of let-7 microRNA biogenesis. Exogenous LIN28 rescued the NPC proliferation and some neurogenic deficits in the absence of SOX2. We identified let-7i as a novel and potent inhibitor of neuronal differentiation that represses proneural genes. The discovery of SOX2–LIN28/let-7 pathway that maintains both NPC proliferation and neurogenic potential will enhance our understanding and therapeutic development relevant to neurodegeneration and brain tumors. The transcription factor SRY (sex-determining region)-box 2 (SOX2) is an important functional marker of neural precursor cells (NPCs) and plays a critical role in self-renewal and neuronal differentiation; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its functions are poorly understood. Using human embryonic stem cell-derived NPCs to model neurogenesis, we found that SOX2 is required to maintain optimal levels of LIN28, a well-characterized suppressor of let-7 microRNA biogenesis. Exogenous LIN28 expression rescued the NPC proliferation deficit, as well as the early but not the late stages of the neurogenic deficit associated with the loss of SOX2. We found that SOX2 binds to a proximal site in the LIN28 promoter region and regulates LIN28 promoter acetylation, likely through interactions with the histone acetyltransferase complex. Misexpression of let-7 microRNAs in NPCs reduced proliferation and inhibited neuronal differentiation, phenocopying the loss of SOX2. In particular, we identified let-7i as a novel and potent inhibitor of neuronal differentiation that targets MASH1 and NGN1, two well-characterized proneural genes. In conclusion, we discovered the SOX2–LIN28/let-7 pathway as a unique molecular mechanism governing NPC proliferation and neurogenic potential.