Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prone position: visceral hypoperfusion and rhabdomyolysis.

T he prone position is often used for operations involving the spine (1) and posterior fossa (21, and for certain urologic and lower gastrointestinal procedures (3). This position provides excellent surgical access and, with proper positioning, a decrease in extradural vein and cerebrospinal fluid pressures (1). The main complications associated with the prone position include: ocular and auricular injuries, musculoskeletal injuries, venous air embolism, compression of limb neurovascular bundles, ischemia of the skin at pressure points, and excessive joint flexion and extension (2). Additional rare complications have also been reported (4-7). However, the overall complication rate is low (6,8). We report two cases with rare complications of the prone position.
I'm on My Way: The Meaning of Being Oldest Old, as Narrated by People Aged 95 and Over

ABSTRACT A phenomenological hermeneutic analysis of interviews with 12 persons aged between 95 and 103 years was performed to uncover the meaning of the lived experience of being oldest old. Two themes were formulated, namely, being in stillness and in movement, which involves being in one's aged body, unable to move, and being in the stillness of the inner person occupied with an inner movement of remembering, and reconciling with, life; and being at the threshold and being ready to let go, which implies being at peace with God and feeling confidence despite the anxiety of dying. A comprehensive understanding was formulated based on Gabriel Marcel's thoughts on hope, in terms of which, to be oldest old means living in hope and being on the move.
Steganalysis Using Color Model Conversion

The major threat in cyber crime for digital forensic examiner is to identify, analyze and interpret the concealed information inside digital medium such as image, audio and video. There are strong indications that hiding information inside digital medium has been used for planning criminal activities. In this way, it is important to develop a steganalysis technique which detects the existence of hidden messages inside digital medium. This paper focuses on universal image steganalysis method which uses RGB to HSI colour model conversion. Any Universal Steganalysis algorithm developed should be tested with various stego-images to prove its efficiency. The developed Universal Steganalysis algorithm is tested in stego-image database which is obtained by implementing various RGB Least Significant Bit Steganographic algorithms. Though there are many stego-image sources available on the internet it lacks in the information such as how many rows has been infected by the steganography algorithms, how many bits have been modified and which channel has been affected. These parameters are important for Steganalysis algorithms and it helps to rate its efficiency. Proposed Steganalysis using Colour Model has been tested with our Image Database and the results were affirmative.
Structured Memory based Deep Model to Detect as well as Characterize Novel Inputs

While deep learning has pushed the boundaries in various machine learning tasks, the current models are still far away from replicating many functions that a normal human brain can do. Explicit memorization based deep architecture have been recently proposed with the objective to understand and predict better. In this work, we design a system that involves a primary learner and an adjacent representational memory bank which is organized using a comparative learner. This spatially forked deep architecture with a structured memory can simultaneously predict and reason about the nature of an input, which may even belong to a category never seen in the training data, by relating it with the memorized past representations at the higher layers. Characterizing images of unseen object classes in both synthetic and real world datasets is used as an example to showcase the operational success of the proposed framework.
Patent Republic: Representing Inventions, Constructing Rights and Authors

costly, and tedious. Still, both practices play out in different ways what it means to operate in a regime of political representation. In colonial America (as well as in early modern France, England, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Russia), patents were gifts the sovereigns could either grant or withhold from their subjects. Today, instead, we have the right to claim intellectual property in our inventions, and to have it recognized upon fulfilling certain requirements about the invention's subject matter, novelty, utility, nonobviousness, and adequate disclosure. The transition from patents as privileges to patents as intellectual property rights parallels the demise of political absolutism, the development of liberal economies, and the emergence of the modern political subject. In France, patents were declared one of the droits de l'homme less than two years after the revolution, and the US Constitution was the first, in 1787, to include a clause about the authors and inventors "exclusive rights to their respective writings and discoveries" (LoiRelative, 1791). 1 Today's discussions about the pros and cons of intellectual property are essentially political in nature, hinging on different views on the right balance between what should be or remain public and what should be allowed to become private (and for how long) so as to provide
Double-Sided 2.5D Graphics

This paper introduces double-sided 2.5D graphics, aiming at enriching the visual appearance when manipulating conventional 2D graphical objects in 2.5D worlds. By attaching a back texture image on a single-sided 2D graphical object, we can enrich the surface and texture detail on 2D graphical objects and improve our visual experience when manipulating and animating them. A family of novel operations on 2.5D graphics, including rolling, twisting, and folding, are proposed in this work, allowing users to efficiently create compelling 2.5D visual effects. Very little effort is needed from the user's side. In our experiment, various creative designs on double-sided graphics were worked out by the recruited participants including a professional artist, which show and demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of our proposed method.
Comparison of Prostatic Tissue Processed by Microwave and Conventional Technique Using Morphometry.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rapid processing of histopathological specimens and decreased turnaround time is important to fulfill the needs of clinicians treating sick patients, so the present study was conducted to compare the time taken and quality of sections in processing of prostatic tissue by rapid microwave and conventional techniques using morphometry. METHODS Four to five mm thick paired prostate tissue pieces of fifty cases of prostatectomy specimens were taken. One tissue piece of the pair was processed routinely overnight by conventional tissue processing and the other by microwave processing. Time taken for processing by both conventional technique and microwave technique was noted and compared. Then, both were stained with conventional method of hematoxylin and eosin staining and examined for histological typing and grading. Morphometric study was done on slides of prostatic tissue processed by both conventional and microwave technique. RESULT The prostatectomy specimens included both benign (86%) and malignant (14%) prostatic lesions in the age range of 46-85 years. The time taken for steps of dehydration, clearing and impregnation in microwave technique was significantly less as compared to histoprocessing done by conventional technique. Morphology, staining patterns of prostatic tissue processed within minutes by microwave technique, whether benign or malignant, were comparable to those sections which were processed in days using standard technique. CONCLUSION Domestic microwave oven can be used for histoprocessing to accelerate the processing with preservation of morphology and is cheaper than commercially available microwave ovens and processing time was considerably reduced from days to minutes.
Task differentiation in Polistes wasp colonies: a model for self-organizing groups of robots

In this paper we described a simplified model for a case of functional self-organization. It deals with the emergence of a particular form of task assignment and parallel hierarchical organization within a social group which depend basically on the interactions occuning between individuals and with their immediate local suroundings. The task organization within the colony appeared to be a distributed function which does not require the presence of an individualized cenral organizer. We discussed how such elementary processes could potentially be applied in the coordination and self-organization of groups of interacting robots with simple local computational properties to perform a wide range of tasks.
Symbolic and Neural Learning for Named-Entity Recognition

Named-entity recognition involves the identification and classification of named entities in text. This is an important subtask in most language engineering applications, in particular information extraction, where different types of named entity are associated with specific roles in events. The manual construction of rules for the recognition of named entities is a tedious and time-consuming task. For this reason, we present in this paper two approaches to learning named-entity recognition rules from text. The first approach is a decision-tree induction method and the second a multi-layered feed-forward neural network. Particular emphasis is paid on the selection of the appropriate feature set for each method and the extraction of training examples from unstructured textual data. We compare the performance of the two methods on a large corpus of English text and present the results.
A Logical Approach to Restricting Access in Online Social Networks

Nowadays in popular online social networks users can blacklist some of their friends in order to disallow them to access resources that other non-blacklisted friends may access. We identify three independent binary decisions to utilize users' blacklists in access control policies, resulting into eight access restrictions. We formally define these restrictions in a hybrid logic for relationship-based access control, and provide syntactical transformations to rewrite a hybrid logic access control formula when fixing an access restriction. This enables a flexible and user-friendly approach for restricting access in social networks. We develop efficient algorithms for enforcing a subset of access control policies with restrictions. The effectiveness of the access restrictions and the efficiency of our algorithms are evaluated on a Facebook dataset.
An ultrastructural study of cryofractured myocardial cells with special attention to the relationship between mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum

A comparative study of various cryofracturing techniques has been conducted on the mammallian myocardial cell. Quench freezing of fresh or fixed tissue in melting Freon 22 resulted in severe cellular damage due to ice crystallization. Fixation with Karnovsky's fixative prior to quenching had no modifying effect on the size and distribution of the ice crystals. The crystals were orientated primarily in the direction of the long axis of the myofibrils, manifested as empty tube‐like structures in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Regular cross‐bridging often seen at the Z‐band levels indicated that ice crystals, at least in some portions of the cells, were confined within the sarcomere. Within the same cell the size of the ice crystals could vary considerably.
Interactions among SR proteins, an exonic splicing enhancer, and a lentivirus Rev protein regulate alternative splicing

We examine here the roles of cellular splicing factors and virus regulatory proteins in coordinately regulating alternative splicing of the tat/rev mRNA of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). This bicistronic mRNA contains four exons; exons 1 and 2 encode Tat, and exons 3 and 4 encode Rev. In the absence of Rev expression, the four-exon mRNA is synthesized exclusively, but when Rev is expressed, exon 3 is skipped to produce an mRNA that contains only exons 1, 2, and 4. We identify a purine-rich exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) in exon 3 that promotes exon inclusion. Similar to other cellular ESEs that have been identified by other laboratories, the EIAV ESE interacted specifically with SR proteins, a group of serine/arginine-rich splicing factors that function in constitutive and alternative mRNA splicing. Substitution of purines with pyrimidines in the ESE resulted in a switch from exon inclusion to exon skipping in vivo and abolished binding of SR proteins in vitro. Exon skipping was also induced by expression of EIAV Rev. We show that Rev binds to exon 3 RNA in vitro, and while the precise determinants have not been mapped, Rev function in vivo and RNA binding in vitro indicate that the RNA element necessary for Rev responsiveness overlaps or is adjacent to the ESE. We suggest that EIAV Rev promotes exon skipping by interfering with SR protein interactions with RNA or with other splicing factors.
The Anxiolytic Effects of the 5-Hydroxytryptamine-1A Agonist Tandospirone Before Otolaryngologic Surgery

We studied 160 ASA I or II patients undergoing elective otolaryngologic surgery in order to compare the anxiolytic effects of a novel 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A agonist, tandospirone, with diazepam. To monitor preoperative anxiety, the following variables were used: systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, heart rate, and the state anxiety score yielded by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. We performed pretreatment evaluation on the day before surgery and posttreatment examination immediately after entry into the operating room. In a double-blinded, randomized design, four groups of 40 patients each received one of the following oral medications 90 min before entry into the operating room: 1) tandospirone 10 mg (T10 group); 2) tandospirone 30 mg (T30 group); 3) diazepam 10 mg (D group); or 4) placebo (P group). After premedication, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state anxiety decreased in the T10 (P < 0.02), T30 (P < 0.02), and D groups (P < 0.001), but it increased in the P group (P < 0.001). Tandospirone, 10 and 30 mg, safely reduced preoperative anxiety to a similar extent as oral diazepam 10 mg in patients undergoing elective otolaryngologic surgery.
Genotype-phenotype analysis of the Crohn’s disease susceptibility haplotype on chromosome 5q31

Background and aims: Recent molecular data suggest that genetic factors may underlie the disease heterogeneity observed in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). A locus on chromosome 5q has been implicated in susceptibility to CD, and recently refined by linkage disequilibrium mapping to a conserved 250 kb haplotype (5q31). No data regarding the contribution of this locus to clinical phenotype exist. In this case control study, we investigated the contribution of this haplotype to both susceptibility and phenotype of CD and UC. Patients and methods: We studied 330 Caucasian CD and 457 UC patients recruited from a single UK centre. Association with disease susceptibility and phenotype was analysed with haplotypes reconstructed from three single nucleotide polymorphisms chosen to span this susceptibility region. Evidence for possible genetic epistasis between IBD5 and NOD2/CARD15 was sought. Results: Linkage disequilibrium across this region was confirmed, with two haplotypes comprising 88% of all chromosomes. Susceptibility to CD, but not to UC, was associated with homozygosity for a common haplotype, H2 (pc=0.002; relative risk (RR) 2.0). Genotype-phenotype analyses demonstrated that this association was particularly strong in patients with perianal disease (pc=0.0005; RR 1.7), especially in individuals homozygous for this haplotype (pc=0.0005; RR 3.0). Importantly, no association with H2 was found in 186 patients without perianal disease. No evidence of epistasis between IBD5 and NOD2/CARD15 was demonstrated. Conclusions: The IBD5 risk haplotype is associated with CD only. Genotype-phenotype analysis reveals that the strongest association is observed in patients with perianal CD. While the precise gene involved is unclear, these data provide further molecular evidence for a genetic basis of the clinical heterogeneity of CD.
GLP-1 stimulates glucose-derived de novo fatty acid synthesis and chain elongation during cell differentiation and insulin release Published, JLR Papers in Press, June 1, 2003. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M300093-JLR200

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1, 7-36) is capable of restoring normal glucose tolerance in aging, glucose-intolerant Wistar rats and is a potent causal factor in differentiation of human islet duodenal homeobox-1-expressing cells into insulin-releasing β cells. Here we report stable isotope-based dynamic metabolic profiles of rat pancreatic epithelial (ARIP) and human ductal tumor (PANC-1) cells responding to 10 nM GLP-1 treatment in 48 h cultures. Macromolecule synthesis patterns and substrate flow measurements using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (MS) and the stable [1,2-13C2]glucose isotope as the tracer showed that GLP-1 induced a significant 20% and 60% increase in de novo fatty acid palmitate synthesis in ARIP and PANC-1 cells, respectively, and it also induced a significant increase in palmitate chain elongation into stearate utilizing glucose as the primary substrate. Distribution of 13C in other metabolites indicated no changes in the rates of nucleic acid ribose synthesis, glutamate oxidation, or lactate production. Tandem high-performance liquid chromatography-ion trap MS analysis of the culture media demonstrated mass insulin secretion by GLP-1-treated tumor cells. Metabolic profile changes in response to GLP-1-induced cell differentiation include selective increases in de novo fatty acid synthesis from glucose and consequent chain elongation, allowing increased membrane formation and greater insulin availability and release.
Introduction to the Newborn Screening Fact Sheets

Newborn screening fact sheets were last revised in 1996 by the Committee on Genetics of the American Academy of Pediatrics. These fact sheets have been revised again because of advances in the field, including technologic innovations such as tandem mass spectrometry, as well as greater appreciation of ethical issues such as informed consent. The fact sheets provide information to assist pediatricians and other professionals who care for children in performing their essential role within the newborn screening public health system. The newborn screening system consists of 5 parts: (1) newborn testing; (2) follow-up of abnormal screening results to facilitate timely diagnostic testing and management; (3) diagnostic testing; (4) disease management, which requires coordination with the medical home and genetic counseling; and (5) continuous evaluation and improvement of the newborn screening system. The following disorders are reviewed in the newborn screening fact sheets (which are available at www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/118/3/e934): biotinidase deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, congenital hearing loss, congenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, galactosemia, homocystinuria, maple syrup urine disease, medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, phenylketonuria, sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies, and tyrosinemia.
Towards Self-Adaptation on Real-World Hardware: A Preliminary Lightweight Programming Framework

Self-adaptive systems can adapt to environmental changes. In spite of many studies of self-adaptive systems, there are few implementations of them on real-world hardware. One of the main reasons for this is that the existing programming frameworks do not pay enough attention to the constraints on real-world hardware. In this study, we focus on an adaptation mechanism for real-world embedded systems and present a preliminary programming framework to implement self-adaptive embedded systems. As a case study we build a self-adaptive system using our framework on LEGO Mind storms EV3 to demonstrate the feasibility of our framework.
Fuse: multiple network alignment via data fusion

MOTIVATION Discovering patterns in networks of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is a central problem in systems biology. Alignments between these networks aid functional understanding as they uncover important information, such as evolutionary conserved pathways, protein complexes and functional orthologs. However, the complexity of the multiple network alignment problem grows exponentially with the number of networks being aligned and designing a multiple network aligner that is both scalable and that produces biologically relevant alignments is a challenging task that has not been fully addressed. The objective of multiple network alignment is to create clusters of nodes that are evolutionarily and functionally conserved across all networks. Unfortunately, the alignment methods proposed thus far do not meet this objective as they are guided by pairwise scores that do not utilize the entire functional and evolutionary information across all networks. RESULTS To overcome this weakness, we propose Fuse, a new multiple network alignment algorithm that works in two steps. First, it computes our novel protein functional similarity scores by fusing information from wiring patterns of all aligned PPI networks and sequence similarities between their proteins. This is in contrast with the previous tools that are all based on protein similarities in pairs of networks being aligned. Our comprehensive new protein similarity scores are computed by Non-negative Matrix Tri-Factorization (NMTF) method that predicts associations between proteins whose homology (from sequences) and functioning similarity (from wiring patterns) are supported by all networks. Using the five largest and most complete PPI networks from BioGRID, we show that NMTF predicts a large number protein pairs that are biologically consistent. Second, to identify clusters of aligned proteins over all networks, Fuse uses our novel maximum weight k-partite matching approximation algorithm. We compare Fuse with the state of the art multiple network aligners and show that (i) by using only sequence alignment scores, Fuse already outperforms other aligners and produces a larger number of biologically consistent clusters that cover all aligned PPI networks and (ii) using both sequence alignments and topological NMTF-predicted scores leads to the best multiple network alignments thus far. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Our dataset and software are freely available from the web site: http://bio-nets.doc. ic.ac. uk/Fuse/ CONTACT natasha@imperial.ac. uk SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Enabling Signal Processing over Data Streams

Internet of Things applications analyze the data coming from large networks of sensor devices using relational and signal processing operations and running the same query logic over groups of sensor signals. To support such increasingly important scenarios, many data management systems integrate with numerical frameworks like R. Such solutions, however, incur significant performance penalties as relational data processing engines and numerical tools operate on fundamentally different data models with expensive inter-communication mechanisms. In addition, none of these solutions supports efficient real-time and incremental analysis. In this paper, we advocate a deep integration of signal processing operations and general-purpose query processors. We aim to reconcile the disparate data models and provide a common query language that allows users to seamlessly interleave tempo-relational and signal operations for both online and offline processing. Our approach is extensible and offers frameworks for quick and easy integration of user-defined operations while supporting incremental computation. Our system that deeply integrates relational and signal operations, called TRILLDSP, achieves up to two orders of magnitude better performance than popular loosely-coupled data management systems on grouped signal processing workflows.