Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Phosphatase That Dephosphorylates Xylose in the Glycosaminoglycan-Protein Linkage Region of Proteoglycans*

Background: The enzyme responsible for the dephosphorylation of xylose in glycosaminoglycans remains unknown. Results: A protein that removed the phosphate from the phosphorylated linkage trisaccharide and localized in the Golgi was identified. Inhibition of this protein phosphatase resulted in decreased glycosaminoglycan levels in cells. Conclusion: We identified the phosphoxylose phosphatase that regulates glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Significance: Transient phosphorylation of xylose residues controls glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Recently, we demonstrated that FAM20B is a kinase that phosphorylates the xylose (Xyl) residue in the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region of proteoglycans. The phosphorylation of Xyl residues by FAM20B enhances the formation of the linkage region. Rapid dephosphorylation is probably induced just after synthesis of the linker and just before polymerization initiates. Indeed, in vitro chondroitin or heparan sulfate polymerization does not occur when the Xyl residue of the tetrasaccharide linkage region is phosphorylated. However, the enzyme responsible for the dephosphorylation of Xyl remains unknown. Here, we identified a novel protein that dephosphorylates the Xyl residue and designated it 2-phosphoxylose phosphatase. The phosphatase efficiently removed the phosphate from the phosphorylated trisaccharide, Galβ1–3Galβ1–4Xyl(2-O-phosphate), but not from phosphorylated tetrasaccharide, GlcUAβ1–3Galβ1–3Galβ1–4Xyl(2-O-phosphate). Additionally, RNA interference-mediated inhibition of 2-phosphoxylose phosphatase resulted in increased amounts of GlcNAcα1–4GlcUAβ1–3Galβ1–3Galβ1–4Xyl(2-O-phosphate), Galβ1–3Galβ1–4Xyl(2-O-phosphate), and Galβ1–4Xyl(2-O-phosphate) in the cells. Gel filtration analysis of the glycosaminoglycan chains synthesized in the knockdown cells revealed that these cells produced decreased amounts of glycosaminoglycan chains and that the chains had similar lengths to those in the mock-transfected cells. Transcripts encoding this phosphatase were ubiquitously, but differentially, expressed in human tissues. Moreover, the phosphatase localized to the Golgi and interacted with the glucuronyltransferase-I involved in the completion of the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region. Based on these findings, we conclude that transient phosphorylation of the Xyl residue in the glycosaminoglycan-protein linkage region controls the formation of glycosaminoglycan chains of proteoglycans.
Demo abstract: Activity recognition and human energy expenditure estimation with a smartphone

This paper presents a novel method for activity recognition and estimation of human energy expenditure with a smartphone and an optional heart-rate monitor. The method detects the presence of the devices, normalizes the orientation of the phone, detects its location on the body, and uses location-specific models to recognize the activity and estimate the energy expenditure. The normalization of the orientation and the detection of the location significantly improve the accuracy; the estimated energy expenditure is more accurate than that provided by a state-of-the-art dedicated consumer device.
The Myth of the Rhetorical Situation

When a situation occurs “out there,” somewhere in the world that exists outside of our immediate experience, it’s important to ask how we come to understand said situation, to determine its meaning and significance. Fundamentally, these situations (termed rhetorical situations) are comprised of rhetor, receiver, message, and the purpose of the rhetoric. In Richard E. Vatz’s “The Myth of the Rhetorical Situation,” a counterintuitive controlling idea emerges: When you view rhetoric as selectively created by the rhetor and not as an objective reflection of reality, it allows for a more ethical and realistic production of rhetorical situations. Since Vatz’s piece is a refutation of one written by Lloyd Bitzer, “The Rhetorical Situation,” Bitzer’s view contains the counter idea: Objective truth is inherent in situations, and rhetoric is a response to events/reality derived from the context surrounding them, so the more context we have on a given situation, the more finely tuned our rhetoric and understanding of the situation becomes.
Fare pricing elasticity, subsidies and the demand for vanpool services

Transportation demand management practitioners consider pricing a crucial determinant of vanpool market demand. Publicly sponsored programs stress the significance of fare pricing and subsidies as key tools for increasing ridership. This paper investigates the effects of fares and fare subsidies on the demand for vanpool services. Using employer and employee data from the 1999 survey of the Commute Trip Reduction (CTR) program of the Puget Sound region (Washington), a conditional discrete choice model is built to analyze the choice of vanpool services with respect to competing means of transportation as a function of various socioeconomic characteristics. The predicted value of the direct elasticity is -0.73, indicating that vanpool demand is relatively inelastic with respect to fare changes. For trips below 30 miles, the individual elasticities are equivalent to the aggregate estimate. As the distance from home to work increases beyond 60 miles, individuals are less responsive to price changes. Subsidies have a relevant impact in increasing ridesharing, controlling for firm size and industry sector. Whenever employees are offered a subsidy, the predicted probability of choosing vanpool more than doubles. When considered in the context of subsidies, these results support the evidence that policies other than those intended to directly affect fare pricing, could play a relevant role in stimulating ridership. For the covering abstract see ITRD E129315.
The LacdiNAc-Speci fi c Adhesin LabA Mediates Adhesion of Helicobacter pylori to Human Gastric Mucosa

Yannick Rossez, Pierre Gosset, Ivo G. Boneca, Ana Magalhães, Chantal Ecobichon, Celso A. Reis, Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard, Marie Joncquel Chevalier Curt, Renaud Léonard, Emmanuel Maes, Brice Sperandio, Christian Slomianny, Philippe J. Sansonetti, Jean-Claude Michalski, and Catherine Robbe-Masselot Univ Lille Nord de France, UCLille, USTL, UGSF, IFR 147, CNRS, UMR 8576, Groupe Hospitalier de l'Institut Catholique Lillois/Faculté Libre de Médecine, Lille, EA 4488, Laboratoire d’Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, INSERM U 1003, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, Service d’Anatomie Pathologie, Institut Pasteur, INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Groupe Biologie et génétique de la paroi bactérienne, Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire et Unité INSERM 786, Institut Pasteur, Chaire de Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Collège de France; Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, and Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Portugal
A phase modulation-based ultrasonic communication system using Variable Structure Control

Narrow bandwidth transducers used in existing ultrasonic data communication systems are known to be devices with a high Q resonant response and low coupling to both the electrical drive and acoustic output interfaces. These features limit the speed of phase change when phase modulation (PM) is used. This paper studies the design of a Variable Structure Controller (VSC)-based transmitter with the aim of increasing the capacity of a PM-based communications system. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the potential of this approach.
Personalised PageRank as a Method of Exploiting Heterogeneous Network for Counter Terrorism and Homeland Security

Majority of the social network analysis studies for counter-terrorism and homeland security consider homogeneous network. However, a terrorist activity (attack) is often defined by several attributes such as terrorist organisation, time, place, attack type etc. To capture inherent dependency between the attributes, we need to adopt a network which is capable of capturing the dependency between the attributes. In this paper, we define a heterogeneous network to represent a collection of terrorist activities. Further, we propose personalised PageRank (PPR) as a method capable of performing various analytical operations over heterogeneous network just by changing model parameters without changing the underlying model. Using global terrorist data (GTD), behavioural network, and news discussion network, we show various applications of PPR for counter-terrorism over heterogeneous network just by changing the model parameter. In addition we propose heterogeneous version of four local proximity based link prediction methods, namely, Common Neighbour, Adamic-Adar, Jaccard Coefficient, and Resource Allocation.
The Potential of Solar Process Heating in theChemical Sector of Jordan

Industry in Jordan accounts for approximately 20% of the final energy demand while around 60% of this industrial energy consumption is used for process heating. Renewable energy, especially solar, can contribute significantly to reduce the energy costs of Jordan industry, also in the chemical sector. With the first solar steam generation plant at RAM Pharma being in operation for more than 2 years also the technological feasibility has been proven in Jordan. To foster the widespread application of solar process heating in the chemical industry in Jordan a better understanding of the sector and its processes is needed. This paper (i) reviews the status of solar process heating, (ii) assesses the chemical sector in Jordan in general to identify key sub-sectors and (iii) examines a specific industry for its application potential of solar process heating.
Re-‘ designing ’ the principles : An interactive perspective to CPR theory

The concepts and frameworks developed in common-pool resource (CPR) theory are increasingly being applied to problems associated with the management of complex CPRs at local and global level. Furthermore, existing frameworks are increasingly being adopted by organisations such as the World Bank as tools for crafting sustainable CPR use through collective action. The paper argues that CPR theory is not sufficiently developed to justify these practices and proposes an alternative perspective. Based on a critical examination of CPR theory and empirical examples from British, Irish and Dutch coastal waters, the paper argues that the definition of the rational, atomised actor underlying CPR theory is too limited to explain collective action processes. Instead, actors should be regarded as ‘nested collectifs’, whose strategies in the collective action arena are constantly reshaped. Second, the use of a static strategic model of rationality is insufficient to appreciate the shaping of collective action (or free-riding). Nested collectifs use different social and material means to achieve their objectives. In trying to enrol other collectifs in collective actions aimed at realising their projects, different forms of strategic and communicative rationality emerge. Third, the use of pre-defined categories and design principles diverts attention from (i) the stakeholders’ constructions of collective resource management, and (ii) the influence of contextual factors, and therefore limits the explanatory power of CPR theory. Furthermore, a danger inherent in the design principles is that they are picked up as blueprints for the development of policies and intervention programmes for ‘successful’ CPR management If CPR theory is to be used as a foundation for the analysis of complex CPR management, or as a conceptual framework in pursuing the idea that collective action is a powerful alternative to deal with complex resource management problems, a radical reconstruction of its ontological foundation is needed. The paper proposes an interactive approach to the study and facilitation of complex CPR management. In this new approach, attention is shifted to the way actors (or nested collectifs) construct collective resource management and the analysis of internal and contextual factors that shape the action strategies they adopt. In this analytical process, co-operation, free-riding and rationality are outcomes of the interplay and trials of strength amongst the different collectifs with a stake in the CPR, and their mobilisation of social and material resources. In view of the increasing reliance on collective action to solve complex resource management problems, the paper recommends that a praxeology (a theory that informs practice) for CPR theory needs urgent development. In this context, user platforms have much to offer to negotiate collective CPR use and management.
METHOD OF DAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to structures involved in the Secretory processes of reproductive tissues, including the prostatic Secretory processes, and their protein products which may have used as tools for diagnosing reproductive pathology including prostate disease. The present invention also relates to reagents, such as antibodies, other ligands and oligonucleotides, for detecting these Structures o their con tents and to methods of diagnosing prostate pathology, including prostate cancer and prostatitis. The invention further relates to an improved tissue and cell fixation proceSS for the detection of Secretory Structures in reproductive tissue. The fixation proceSS is useful for the diagnosis of prostate, testes and renal cancer.
Is There a Mothers ’ Dilemma ? : Credit Constraint , Mothers ’ Work and Gender Disparity in Intrahousehold Time Allocation in Rural India August , 2007

This paper examines the relationships among credit constraint, mothers’ labor supply and children’s time allocation in rural Andhra Pradesh, India, where a high prevalence of child labor poses serious problems. We estimate determinants of time allocation among children and of the gender gap between girls and boys in various activities treating both credit constraint and mothers’ labor supply as endogenous variables. As expected, boys spend longer time in school than do girls, while girls spend longer time on household chores than do boys. When mothers increase their labor supply, however, the gender gap in children’s time allocation (esp. schooling) does not appear to be affected significantly. We also find that a binding credit constraint significantly reduces children’s schooling and leisure time and increases their domestic work time, but that the gender gap in children’s time allocation (esp. schooling) appears to be smaller in credit-constrained households than in unconstrained households.
Influence of ascorbic acid on iron absorption from an iron-fortified, chocolate-flavored milk drink in Jamaican children 1–3

The inﬂuence of ascorbic acid on iron absorption from an iron-fortiﬁed, chocolate-ﬂavored milk drink (6.3 mg total Fe per serving) was evaluated with a stable-isotope technique in 20 6–7-y-old Jamaican children. Each child received two test meals labeled with 5.6 mg 57 Fe and 3.0 mg 58 Fe as ferrous sulfate on 2 consecutive days. Three different doses of ascorbic acid (0, 25, and 50 mg per 25-g serving) were evaluated in two separate studies by using a crossover design. Iron isotope ratios were measured by negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry. In the ﬁrst study, iron absorption was signiﬁcantly greater ( P < 0.0001) after the addition of 25 mg ascorbic acid: geometric mean iron absorption was 1.6% (range: 0.9–4.2%) and 5.1% (2.2–17.3%) for the test meals containing 0 and 25 mg ascorbic acid, respectively. In the second study, a signiﬁcant difference ( P < 0.05) in iron absorption was observed when the ascorbic acid content was increased from 25 to 50 mg: geometric mean iron absorption was 5.4% (range: 2.7–10.8%) compared with 7.7% (range: 4.7–16.5%), respectively. The chocolate drink contained relatively high amounts of polyphe-nolic compounds, phytic acid, and calcium, all well-known inhibitors of iron absorption. The low iron absorption without added ascorbic acid shows that chocolate milk is a poor vehicle for iron fortiﬁcation unless sufﬁcient amounts of an iron-absorption enhancer are added. Regular consumption of iron-fortiﬁed chocolate milk drinks containing added ascorbic acid could have a positive effect on iron nutrition in population groups vulnerable to iron deﬁciency. 1998;67:873–7. used to evaluate data from studies and Values for logarithmically before statistical Results presented as geometric means +1 SD and 2 1 SD.
Dual-core virtual platform with QEMU and SystemC

Dual-core platforms are growing as a new industry trend as platforms with only one core cannot easily perform the diverse functions in current embedded system applications, such as smart phones. We establish an easy-to-use co-simulation dual-core virtual platform to validate the functionality of hardware and software jointly. In our platform, the hardware components are implemented by SystemC, and two ARM CPUs which are emulated by QEMU, executing the software functions. To control the data flow, BSD sockets are employed to deliver data to each component, including shared memory, hardware modules and QEMU. A thread controller is also built to handle the system thread between the different cores. We verify the dual-core virtual platform using an advanced H.264/AVC encoder SystemC model and a H.264/AVC decoder. The model is controlled by a QEMU emulated ARM CPU, and another ARM CPU executes the decoder flow.
Hemispherical Confocal Imaging

We propose a new imaging method called hemispherical confocal imaging to visualize clearly a particular depth in a 3-D scene. The key optical component is a turtleback reflector which is a specially designed polyhedral mirror. To synthesize a hemispherical aperture, we combined the turtleback reflector with a coaxial camera and projector, to create on a hemisphere many virtual cameras and projectors with a uniform density. In such an optical device, high frequency illumination can be focused at a particular depth in the scene to visualize only that depth by employing descattering. The observed views are then factorized into masking, attenuation, reflected light, illuminance, and texture terms to enhance the visualization when obstacles are present. Experiments using a prototype system show that only a particular depth is effectively illuminated, and hazes caused by scattering and attenuation can be recovered even when obstacles are present.
A hybrid approach to robust word lattice generation via acoustic-based word detection

A large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system usually utilizes a language model in order to reduce the complexity of the algorithm. However, the constraint also produces side-effects including low accuracy of the out-of-grammar sentences and the error propagation of misrecognized words. In order to compensate for the side-effects of the language model, this paper proposes a novel lattice generation method that adopts the idea from the keyword detection method. By combining the word candidates detected mainly from the acoustic aspect of the signal to the word lattice from the ordinary speech recognizer, a hybrid lattice is constructed. The hybrid lattice shows 33% improvement in terms of the lattice accuracy under the condition where the lattice density is the same. In addition, it is observed that the proposed model shows less sensitivity to the out-of-grammar sentences and to the error propagation due to misrecognized words.
The Influence of Brand Awareness and Brand Image on Purchase Decision (Study on Aqua Consumers in Administrative Science Faculty Brawijaya University Class of 2013)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Meneliti pengaruh Kesadaran Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. (2) Meneliti pengaruh Citra Merek terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. (3) Meneliti pengaruh Kesadaran Merek dan Citra Merek secara simultan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Jenis penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan explanatory research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 94 pelanggan produk Aqua botol 600ml dan digunakan Teknik Purposive Sampling . Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Uji instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, dan uji asumsi klasik. Regresi berganda digunakan sebagai teknik analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Kesadaran Merek memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. (2) Citra Merek memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. (3) Kesadaran Merek dan Citra Merek memiliki pengaruh secara simultan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian berdasarkan nilai uji F. Sedangkan Kesadaran Merek memiliki pengaruh yang paling dominan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian berdasarkan nilai uji t. Oleh karena itu, perusahaan diharapkan untuk mempertahankan serta meningkatkan Kesadaran Merek yang memiliki pengaruh paling dominan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Kata Kunci: Kesadaran Merek, Citra Merek, dan Keputusan Pembelian. Abstract This research aims: (1) To examine the partial influence of Brand Awareness on Purchase Decision. (2) To examine the partial influence of Brand Image on Purchase Decision. (3) To examine the simultaneously influence of Brand Awareness and Brand Image on Purchase Decision. This research used explanatory research with quantitative approach. Total sample were 94 customers of Aqua bottled 600ml product and it elected by Purposive Sampling Technique. Data were collected valid and reliable by questionnaire, and analyzed by multiple regression. The research showed that: (1) Brand Awareness has partially influence on Purchase Decision, (2) Brand Image has partially influence on Purchase Decision, (3) Brand Awareness and Brand Image has simultaneously influence on Purchase Decision. Based on t test, it can be concluded that the Brand Awareness has dominant influence on Purchase Decision. Therefore, the company expected to maintain, manage, and improve Brand Awareness that has dominant influence on Purchase Decision. Key Word: Brand Awareness, Brand Image, and Purchase Decision.
EMU enlargement, inflation and adjustment of tradable goods prices: What to expect?

Inflation differentials resulting from EMU enlargement have so far mostly been discussed within the Balassa-Samuelson framework, i.e. resulting from inflation in nontradable goods. We analyse the inflationary consequences of convergenceof tradable goods' prices. Using disaggregated price level data, simulations show that inflation in the new EU member states might on average be 1.5-3.5 percentage points higher than in the current euro area (with considerable variation between the new EU members). These inflationary effects even exceed most simulations of the Balassa-Samuelson effect. The 'burden of adjustment' rests mainly on the shoulders of the new EU members if the European Central Bank sets monetary policy in response to inflation developments in the entire currency area. In contrast the impact of EMU enlargement on the current euro area is limited, due to the small economic weight of the new EU member states.
Houses Divided: A Model of Intergenerational Transfers, Differential Fertility and Wealth Inequality

Rising income and wealth inequality across the developed world has prompted a renewed focus on the mechanisms driving inequality. This paper contributes to the existing literature by studying the impact from life-cycle savings, intergenerational transfers, and fertility differences between the rich and the poor on wealth distribution. We find that bequests increase the level of wealth inequality and that fertility differences between the rich and the poor amplify this relationship. In addition, we find expected bequests crowd out life-cycle savings and this interaction is quantitatively important for understanding wealth inequality in the United States.