Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault diagnosis in wireless structural health monitoring systems based on support vector regression

Reliable operation of sensors in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems is important, as sensor faults may affect the quality of monitoring by causing erroneous judgments of structural conditions. Detecting and isolating sensor faults falls within the scope of fault diagnosis (FD), which has been widely applied in SHM. From a wireless SHM perspective, recent studies have proposed so-called “analytical redundancy” approaches for detecting and isolating sensor faults. Analytical redundancy refers to methods using information inherently redundant to the SHM system to produce virtual sensor outputs, which are then compared to actual sensor outputs. In FD approaches using analytical redundancy, FD is achieved through machine learning methods, such as artificial neural networks, the virtual sensor outputs being obtained using the correlation between structural response data sets. In this paper, an analytical redundancy FD approach for wireless SHM systems based on support vector regression (SVR) is presented, representing a computationally efficient machine learning approach for preserving the constrained resources of wireless sensor nodes. The FD-SVR approach is implemented into a prototype wireless SHM system, enabling automated, decentralized sensor fault detection and isolation. The ability of the embedded SVR algorithm to detect and isolate sensor faults is showcased in laboratory experiments, proving the ability of the FD-SVR approach to ensure the reliable, i.e. nonfaulty, operation of sensors in wireless SHM systems.
Effects of intracoronary tirofiban administration on diabetes mellitus complicated by acute myocardial infarction in female patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention

This study aims to investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of intracoronary tirofiban administration during emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for female patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 113 female diabetic patients with STEMI and who were undergoing emergency PCI were randomized into two groups: control group (A, n=56) and tirofiban group (B, n=57). The female groups were compared with the male group (group C) comprising 196 male diabetic patients with STEMI. These male diabetic patients also received tirofiban during emergency PCI in the same period. Compared with group A, groups B and C showed significantly increased thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 3 flow and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) 3. Moreover, groups B and C exhibited distinctly shortened average length of hospital stay, markedly decreased incidence of post-infarction angina, severe arrhythmia and cardiac function of Killip class III-IV (P<0.05) after PCI. The number of patients with TIMI 3 flow and TMPG 3 in group B was less than that in group C (P<0.05) and higher incidence of moderate bleeding than that in groups A and C (P<0.05). Tirofiban could effectively improve TIMI flow and myocardial perfusion. This drug could also reduce the incidence of postinfarction angina, severe arrhythmia and heart failure in female diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing emergency PCI. However, tirofiban could increase the incidence of moderate bleeding.
ZENITH : A Zeroth-Order Distributed Algorithm for Multi-Agent Nonconvex Optimization

In this paper we consider the challenging problem of minimizing the sum of nonconvex functions over a connected multi-agent network, where the agents can only access the zeroth-order information (i.e., the objective values) about their local functions. We design and analyze a novel and simple zeroth-order nonconvex distributed algorithm (ZENITH) capable of dealing with such a difficult task. Our approach relies upon transforming the problem to a linearly constrained nonconvex optimization problem, which is then distributedly solved by a zeroth-order primal-dual gradient algorithm. We show that by appropriately choosing the design parameters, our proposed algorithm is globally convergent, with a provable global sublinear convergence rate. The framework developed in this work for analyzing the convergence rate of nonconvex distributed optimization is of independent interest, as it can be potentially extended to many other distributed scenarios.
Development of Augmented Reality Body-Mark system to support echography

We propose visualization system of 3D shape of internal organs using Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality technology. Echography has been used in every field of medical diagnosis because of its safety and cost-effectiveness. Therefore, portable echography device so called “Ubiquitous Echo” was released by many manufacturers. However, the skill to recognize relationship between ultrasound probe and internal organ is required to acquire echogram. Therefore we have developed tracking system of probe orientation to transfer 2D position of echogram into 3D space. Then we have applied Radial Basis Function Interpolation to reconstruct the shape of internal organs. Furthermore, GUI interface to visualize the internal organ was developed by OpenGL. As a result of evaluation experiments, visualization of internal organ was satisfied to show the echogram for diagnosis.
State and Private Company Ownership Effect on CO2 Emissions: A Chinese Provincial Level Analysis

China has experienced unprecedented economic success since the liberalisation process began in 1978. However, this expansion has also brought with it large scale environmental damage. Using data obtained from the Chinese National Buraeu of Statistics, this study investigates CO2 emissions from the years 2000 – 2012 on a provincial level in comparison with company state and private ownership structure, to understand which ownership form is a less CO2 intensive producer of goods and services. The study’s results from 29 Chinese provinces show that private firms are less CO2 polluting than state owned firms for equivalent economic activity, thus making an expansion of the private sector and reduction of the state owned sector a potential contributor towards China’s carbon mitigations. Additionally, the results show that as China moves away from primary industry as the majority source of income, towards high-tech and service sectors, the CO2 intensity is reduced. This has implications for Chinese policy formation, where the focus moves towards improving environmental sustainability whilst continuing to maintan strong annual economic growth.
athways to bridge the biophysical realism gap in ecosystem services apping approaches

The mapping of ecosystem service supply has become quite common in ecosystem service assessment practice for terrestrial ecosystems, but land cover remains the most common indicator for ecosystems ability to deliver ecosystem services. For marine ecosystems, practice is even less advanced, with a clear deficit in spatially-explicit assessments of ecosystem service supply. This situation, which generates considerable uncertainty in the assessment of ecosystems’ ability to support current and future human well-being, contrasts with increasing understanding of the role of terrestrial and marine biodiversity for ecosystem functioning and thereby for ecosystem services. This paper provides a synthesis of available approaches, models and tools, and data sources, that are able to better link ecosystem service mapping to current understanding of the role of ecosystem service providing organisms and land/seascape structure in ecosystem functioning. Based on a review of literature, models and associated geo-referenced metrics are classified according to the way in which land or marine use, ecological processes and especially biodiversity effects are represented. We distinguish five types of models: proxy-based, phenomenological, niche-based, trait-based and full-process. Examples from each model type are presented and data requirements considered. Our synthesis demonstrates that the current understanding of the role of biota in ecosystem services can effectively be incorporated into mapping approaches and opens avenues for further model development using hybrid approaches tailored to available resources. We end by discussing ways to resolve sources of uncertainty associated with model representation of biotic processes and with data availability. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Supervisor-student model in particle swarm optimization

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms have exhibited good performance on well-known numerical test problems. In this paper, we propose a supervisor-student model in particle swarm optimization (SSM-PSO) that may further reduce computational cost in two aspects. On the one hand, it introduces a new parameter, called momentum factor, into the position update equation, which can restrict the particles inside the defined search space without checking the boundary at every iteration. On the other hand, relaxation-velocity-update strategy that is to update the velocities of the particles as few times as possible during the run, is employed to reduce the computational cost for evaluating the velocity. Comparisons with the linear decreasing weight PSO on three benchmark functions indicate that SSM-PSO not only greatly reduces the computational cost for updating the velocity, but also exhibit good performance.
Characterization of the Microflow Through 3D Synthetic Niche Microenvironments Hosted in a Millifluidic Bioreactor

Background: Development of new medicines is a lengthy process with high risk of failure since drug efficacy measured in vitro is difficult to confirm in vivo. Intended to add a new tool aiding drug discovery, the MOAB-NICHOID device was developed: a miniaturized optically accessible bioreactor (MOAB) housing the 3D engineered scaffold NICHOID. The aim of our study was to characterize the microflow through the 3D nichoid microenvironment hosted in the MOAB-NICHOID device. Methods: We used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to compute the flow field inside a very fine grid resembling the scaffold microenvironment. Results: The microflow inside the multi-array of nichoid blocks is fed and locally influenced by the mainstream flow developed in the perfusion chamber of the device. Here we have revealed a low velocity, complex flow field with secondary, backward, or local recirculation micro-flows induced by the intricate architecture of the nichoid scaffold. Conclusion: Knowledge of the microenvironment inside the 3D nichoids allows planning of cell experiments, to regulate the transport of cells towards the scaffold substrate during seeding or the spatial delivery of nutrients and oxygen which affects cell growth and viability.
Expression and characterisation of the ryegrass mottle virus non-structural proteins

Expression and characterisation of the ryegrass mottle virus non-structural proteins The Ryegrass mottle virus (RGMoV) single-stranded RNA genome is organised into four open reading frames (ORF) which encode several proteins: ORF1 encodes protein P1, ORF2a contains the membrane-associated 3C-like serine protease, genome-linked protein VPg and a P16 protein gene. ORF2b encodes replicase RdRP and the only structural protein, coat protein, is synthesised from ORF3. To obtain the non-structural proteins in preparative quantities and to characterise them, the corresponding RGMoV gene cDNAs were cloned in pET- and pColdI-derived expression vectors and overexpressed in several E. coli host cells. For protease and RdRP, the best expression system containing pColdI vector and E. coli WK6 strain was determined. VPg and P16 proteins were obtained from the pET- or pACYC- vectors and E. coli BL21 (DE3) host cells and purified using Ni-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Attempts to crystallize VPg and P16 were unsuccessful, possibly due to non-structured amino acid sequences in both protein structures. Methods based on bioinformatic analysis indicated that the entire VPg domain and the C-terminal part of the P16 contain unstructured amino acid stretches, which possibly prevented the formation of crystals. Daudzziedu airenes vīrusa nestukturālo proteīnu ekspresija un raksturošana Daudzziedu airenes plankumainības vīrusa (RGMoV) vienpavediena RNS genoms ir organizēts četrās atklātajās nolasījuma fāzēs (ORF), kuras kodē vairākus proteīnus: ORF1 kodē P1 proteīnu, ORF2a kodē ar membrānu saistītu 3C serīna proteāzi, ar genomu saistītā vīrusa proteīna VPg un P16 proteīna gēnu. ORF2b kodē replikāzi RdRP, bet vienīgais strukturālais proteīns, apvalka proteīns tiek sintezēts no ORF3. Lai iegūtu nestrukturālos proteīnus preparatīvos daudzumos un raksturotu tos, atbilstošo RGMoV gēnu cDNS tika klonētas pET un pColdI ekspresijas vektoros un ekspresētas vairāku E. coli celmu šūnās. Proteāzes un RdRP gadījumā labākā ekspresijas izrādījās sistēma, kurā tika izmantots pColdI vektors un E. coli WK6 celms. VPg un P16 proteīni tika iegūti no pET vai pACYC vektoriem un E. coli BL21 (DE3) saimniekšūnām un attīrīti, izmantojot Ni-Sepharose afinitātes hromatogrāfiju. Mēginājumi kristalizēt VPg un P16 bija neveiksmīgi, iespējams, nestrukturētu aminoskābju sekvenču klātbūtnes dēļ abu proteīnu struktūrā. Uz bioinformātikas metodēm balstīta analīze parādīja, ka viss VPg domēns ir nestrukturēts, bet P16 proteīnam ir nestrukturēta C-terminālā daļa, kas, iespējams, traucēja kristālu veidošanos.
TGF‐β isoforms are differentially expressed in increasing malignant grades of HaCaT keratinocytes, suggesting separate roles in skin carcinogenesis

The three mammalian isoforms of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1, ‐β2, and ‐β3) are potent regulators of cell growth, differentiation, and extracellular matrix deposition. To study their role in skin carcinogenesis, normal human keratinocytes, early (31) and late (310) passage immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT cells), and five HaCaT–ras clones exhibiting benign (A‐5, I‐7), malignant (II‐4, A‐5 RT1), and highly aggressive (A‐5 RT3) tumourigenic phenotypes were examined for the expression of TGF‐β isoforms, by immunohistochemistry. This was performed under in vivo conditions, in surface transplants and subcutaneously growing tumours in nude mice. Generally, all tissues that formed keratinized epithelia demonstrated an immunostaining pattern similar to normal human skin. TGF‐β1 was localized to the upper differentiated layers, the stratum granulosum and corneum, in a perimembranous pattern, whereas TGF‐β2 and, weaker, TGF‐β3 immunostaining was present in all suprabasal layers of normal keratinizing epithelia. In contrast, non‐keratinizing transplants of non‐tumourigenic or highly aggressive cells showed little to no immunoreactivity for TGF‐β1. Whereas TGF‐β2 expression was moderate in the upper layers of non‐tumourigenic epithelia, large tumour cells of the malignant HaCaT–ras clones, particularly at the invasion front, were strongly positive for TGF‐β2. TGF‐β3 immunostaining was most pronounced in the stroma of malignant tumours, implying its paracrine induction by the malignant tumour transplants. These results suggest differential functions for each TGF‐β isoform in epidermal carcinogenesis, such that TGF‐β1 is associated with the more differentiated state, TGF‐β2 with highly malignant and invading cells, and TGF‐β3 with tumour stroma formation and angiogenesis. Furthermore, the expression of TGF‐βs by both early‐ and late‐stage tumours implies that the isoforms may have distinct functions at different stages of malignancy, supporting their dual role in skin carcinogenesis. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serum ionized magnesium and calcium levels in adult patients with seizures

Objective. Prior studies have been equivocal about whether or not serum levels of the divalent ions calcium and magnesium are altered during different types of seizures. Magnesium is a potential modulator of seizure activity because of its ability to antagonize the excitatory calcium influx through the N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor. We hypothesize that serum ionized levels of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) would be altered significantly during certain types of seizures. Material and methods. A convenience sample of seizure patients presenting to an emergency department (ED) were enrolled in this prospective study. Novel ion‐selective electrodes were used to measure Ca2+ and Mg2+. Data were reported as mean values±standard deviations. Group comparisons were analyzed by ANOVA with post‐hoc testing using the Bonferroni, or the Fisher exact test, where appropriate, α = 0.05 (two‐tailed). Results. Forty‐nine patients with seizure and 32 healthy racially matched controls were included in the study. Seizure patients had a significantly (p<0.001) lower mean Mg2+, but not total serum Mg and a significantly (p<0.001) higher Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio than that in controls. Conclusions. We were able to show significantly lower Mg2+ and higher ionized Ca2+/Mg2+ ratios in seizure patients compared with a racially matched control group.
Limb fractures and nonaccidental injury in children less than 24 months of age

Aim The pattern of limb fractures in children aged 24 months or younger is poorly understood. This age group is particularly vulnerable to nonaccidental injury, which can be difficult for inexperienced clinicians to detect. The aim of this study is to identify fracture patterns in children below the age of 24 months. Methods Data was collected prospectively. For all fractures, the mechanism of injury including height of fall (cm), severity of injury, outcome and deprivation scores were collected. Information on children referred for child-protection review was also noted. Results During the 12 months of the year 2003, 122 new patients aged less than 24 months presented with limb fractures directly to the Emergency Department of the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, giving an incidence of 4.55 per 1000 in the 0–12-month group and 17 per 1000 in the 13–24-month group. Sixty-three (52%) children sustained the injury during a fall and only 7% of children were admitted, the rest being followed up as outpatients. Thirty-eight (31%) had simple distal radius/ulna fractures. Five children with unclear histories or mechanisms of injury underwent formal child-protection procedures. All were less than 14 months of age. Conclusions Fractures are relatively rare in the first 2 years of life. Child protection needs to be considered in all children, but specifically in those patients with atypical fractures presenting with an unclear mechanism of injury.
Fast and accurate mapping of Complete Genomics

Many recent advances in genomics and the expectations of personalized medicine are made possible thanks to power of high throughput sequencing (HTS) in sequencing large collections of human genomes. There are tens of different sequencing technologies currently available, and each HTS platform have different strengths and biases. This diversity both makes it possible to use different technologies to correct for shortcomings; but also requires to develop different algorithms for each platform due to the differences in data types and error models. The first problem to tackle in analyzing HTS data for resequencing applications is the read mapping stage, where many tools have been developed for the most popular HTS methods, but publicly available and open source aligners are still lacking for the Complete Genomics (CG) platform. Unfortunately, Burrows-Wheeler based methods are not practical for CG data due to the gapped nature of the reads generated by this method. Here we provide a sensitive read mapper (sirFAST) for the CG technology based on the seed-and-extend paradigm that can quickly map CG reads to a reference genome. We evaluate the performance and accuracy of sirFAST using both simulated and publicly available real data sets, showing high precision and recall rates. 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Frequency-domain analysis of biomolecular sequences

MOTIVATION Frequency-domain analysis of biomolecular sequences is hindered by their representation as strings of characters. If numerical values are assigned to each of these characters, then the resulting numerical sequences are readily amenable to digital signal processing. RESULTS We introduce new computational and visual tools for biomolecular sequences analysis. In particular, we provide an optimization procedure improving upon traditional Fourier analysis performance in distinguishing coding from noncoding regions in DNA sequences. We also show that the phase of a properly defined Fourier transform is a powerful predictor of the reading frame of protein coding regions. Resulting color maps help in visually identifying not only the existence of protein coding areas for both DNA strands, but also the coding direction and the reading frame for each of the exons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that color spectrograms can visually provide, in the form of local 'texture', significant information about biomolecular sequences, thus facilitating understanding of local nature, structure and function.
Phenotypic Expression of ADAMTS 13 in Glomerular Endothelial Cells

Background: ADAMTS13 is the physiological von Willebrand factor (VWF)-cleaving protease. The aim of this study was to examine ADAMTS13 expression in kidneys from ADAMTS13 wild-type (Adamts13) and deficient (Adamts13) mice and to investigate the expression pattern and bioactivity in human glomerular endothelial cells. Methodology/Principal Findings: Immunohistochemistry was performed on kidney sections from ADAMTS13 wild-type and ADAMTS13-deficient mice. Phenotypic differences were examined by ultramorphology. ADAMTS13 expression in human glomerular endothelial cells and dermal microvascular endothelial cells was investigated by real-time PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. VWF cleavage was demonstrated by multimer structure analysis and immunoblotting. ADAMTS13 was demonstrated in glomerular endothelial cells in Adamts13 mice but no staining was visible in tissue from Adamts13 mice. Thickening of glomerular capillaries with platelet deposition on the vessel wall was detected in Adamts13 mice. ADAMTS13 mRNA and protein were detected in both human endothelial cells and the protease was secreted. ADAMTS13 activity was demonstrated in glomerular endothelial cells as cleavage of VWF. Conclusions/Significance: Glomerular endothelial cells express and secrete ADAMTS13. The proteolytic activity could have a protective effect preventing deposition of platelets along capillary lumina under the conditions of high shear stress present in glomerular capillaries. Citation: Tati R, Kristoffersson A-C, Ståhl A-l, Mörgelin M, Motto D, et al. (2011) Phenotypic Expression of ADAMTS13 in Glomerular Endothelial Cells. PLoS ONE 6(6): e21587. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0021587 Editor: Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil Received December 29, 2010; Accepted June 5, 2011; Published June 24, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Tati et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This study was supported by grants from The Swedish Research Council (K2010-65X-14008 to DK and 2008-7480 to MM), Torsten and Ragnar Söderberg Foundation, The Fund for Renal Research, Crown Princess Lovisa’s Society for Child Care, The Konung Gustaf V:s 80-årsfond, and Fanny Ekdahl’s Foundation (all to DK). Support was also provided by The Greta and Johan Kock Foundation and the Crafoord Foundation (to MM). DK is the recipient of a clinicalexperimental research fellowship from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: Diana.Karpman@med.lu. se