Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sketching Shape-changing Interfaces: Exploring Vocabulary, Metaphors Use, and Affordances

Shape-changing interfaces allow designers to create user interfaces that physically change shape. However, presently, we lack studies of how such interfaces are designed, as well as what high-level strategies, such as metaphors and affordances, designers use. This paper presents an analysis of sketches made by 21 participants designing either a shape-changing radio or a shape-changing mobile phone. The results exhibit a range of interesting design elements, and the analysis points to a need to further develop or revise existing vocabularies for sketching and analyzing movement. The sketches show a prevalent use of metaphors, say, for communicating volume though big-is-on and small-is-off, as well as a lack of conventions. Furthermore, the affordances used were curiously asymmetrical compared to those offered by non-shape-changing interfaces. We conclude by offering implications on how our results can influence future research on shape-changing interfaces.
Effects of TERT gene polymorphism and environmental factor interactions on lung cancer risk in the Xi ’ an Han population

Background: Genetic polymorphisms of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene influence an individual susceptibility to lung cancer. We examined the relationship between TERT single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and lung cancer occurrence and determined if smoking or alcohol consumption affects this relationship in lung cancer patients. Methods: Ten SNPs and inferred TERT haplotypes associated with increased risk of lung cancer were evaluated in a Han Chinese population-based study including 228 lung cancer patients and 310 healthy control individuals. Relationships between the patients’ genotypes and risk factors were investigated by estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression analysis. Results: Minor allelesrs2853672 and rs2736098 conferred significantly increased lung cancer risk in both allelic and genotypic association analyses (codominant, recessive, and log-additive models), while rs4246742 showed a protective effect against lung cancer in codominant and recessive models. Smoking increased the effect of rs2736098 on lung cancer risk, but the interaction between rs2736098 and smoking was only significant in the overdominant model (P=0.03). No evidence was found that alcohol consumption influenced or interacted with TERT polymorphism on lung cancer risk. Conclusions: Our results confirmed that TERT genetic polymorphisms contribute to lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese populations and of ten interact with smoking as a lung cancer risk factor. However, these associations should be further explored in larger and varying populations.
Ethical Leadership and Employee Voice: Examining a Moderated-Mediation Model

近年来，研究者就如何激发员工公开讲出自己的观点、意见和问题进行了大量的探索。 其中，道德领导对员工建言的效应受到了越来越多研究的关注。 在以往研究的基础上，本研究构建了一个调节一中介模型以探讨道德领导影响员工建言的中介心理机制及其边界条件。 根据社会交换理论和社会信息加工理论，本文分别提出两种不同的中介变量——责任知觉和心理安全感——来解释道德领导与员工建言之间的关系。 在此基础上，本研究进一步假设权力距离会正向调节变量之间的间接关系。 通过对某一零售企业239名员_T的两阶段调查，我们对以上研究假设进行了检验，结果总体上支持了本研究的理论预期。 本研究的发现有利于我们了解道德领导影响建言行为的心理机制，指导管理者采取有针对性的措施，以期有效地管理企业中的员工建言行为。
THE SPITZER SURVEY OF INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS IN THE GOULD BELT. II. THE CEPHEUS FLARE OBSERVED WITH IRAC AND MIPS

We present Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC; ∼2 deg2) and Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS; ∼8 deg2) observations of the Cepheus Flare, which is associated with the Gould Belt, at an approximate distance of ∼300 pc. Around 6500 sources are detected in all four IRAC bands, of which ∼900 have MIPS 24 μm detections. We identify 133 young stellar object (YSO) candidates using color–magnitude diagram techniques, and a large number of the YSO candidates are associated with the NGC 7023 reflection nebula. Cross-identifications were made with the Guide Star Catalog II and the IRAS Faint Source Catalog, and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) were constructed. SED modeling was conducted to estimate the degree of infrared excess. It was found that a large majority of disks were optically thick accreting disks, suggesting that there has been little disk evolution in these sources. Nearest-neighbor clustering analysis identified four small protostellar groups (L1228, L1228N, L1251A, and L1251B) with 5–15 members each and the larger NGC 7023 association with 32 YSO members. The star-formation efficiency for cores with clusters of protostars and for those without clusters was found to be ∼8% and ∼1%, respectively. The cores L1155, L1241, and L1247 are confirmed to be starless down to our luminosity limit of Lbol = 0.06 L☉.
Title Identification of surface defects in textured materials usingwavelet packets

This paper investigates a new approach for the detection of surface defects, in textured materials, using wavelet packets. Every inspection image is decomposed with a family of real orthonormal wavelet bases. The wavelet packet coefficients from a set of dominant frequency channels containing significant information are used for the characterization of textured images. A fixed number of shift invariant measures from the wavelet packet coefficients are computed. The magnitude and position of these shift invariant measures in a quadtree representation forms the feature set for a two-layer neural network classifier. The neural net classifier classifies these feature vectors into either of defect or defect-free classes. The experimental results suggest that this proposed scheme can successfully identify the defects, and can be used for automated visual inspection
An in-plane, bi-directional electrothermal MEMS actuator

This paper presents the design and testing results of an electrothermally driven MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) actuator. Different from conventional uni-directional U-beam thermal actuators, this in-plane bi-directional electrothermal (IBET) actuator is capable of producing displacements in two directions as a single device. It is important to note that merely coupling two conventional uni-directional U-beam electrothermal actuators is insufficient to achieve bi-directional motion, as the resistance from the oppositely configured actuator severely limits net motion and leads to poor performance. An optimized IBET design was obtained through numerical simulation using finite element modeling. The devices were fabricated using the standard polyMUMPs surface micromachining process. Experimental results demonstrate that the IBET microactuators have a displacement range of 12 µm (6 µm in either direction).
The Subjective Nature of Outlier Rejection Procedures

SUMMARY Procedures for rejecting outliers are essentially two stage, involving first an individual's judgment that a value in a given set of data is surprising, and then testing the surprising value for discordancy. The conventional frequency interpretation of the significance level for outlier tests is shown to be invalid and an experiment designed to investigate the inherent subjective nature of outlier procedures is described. This confirms that there are variations both between individuals in their reaction to surprising values and also between judgments made by the same individual on different occasions. The method of presentation of the data is shown to affect an individual's ability to perceive possible outliers. More surprising, it turns out that factors such as scale and pattern of the data are also very relevant.
Continuous-time multi-agent averaging with relative-state-dependent measurement noises: matrix intensity functions

In this study, the distributed averaging of high-dimensional first-order agents is investigated with relative-state-dependent measurement noises. Each agent can measure or receive its neighbours’ state information with random noises, whose intensity is a non-linear matrix function of agents’ relative states. By the tools of stochastic differential equations and algebraic graph theory, the authors give sufficient conditions to ensure mean square and almost sure average consensus and the convergence rate and the steady-state error for average consensus are quantified. Especially, if the noise intensity function depends linearly on the relative distance of agents’ states, then a sufficient condition is given in terms of the control gain, the noise intensity coefficient constant, the number of agents and the dimension of agents’ dynamics.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CEREBRAL OXYGEN SATURATION CHANGES AND POST OPERATIVE NEUROLOGIC COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY

Objective: To study the relationship between cerebral oxygen saturation changes and postoperative neurologic complications. Methodology: Seventy two adult patients with ASA class II, III who were scheduled for elective cardiac surgery, were randomized into three groups: Group I: with CPB (on –pump) Group II: without CPB (off- pump) Group III: valve surgery. Neuropsychological outcome was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cerebral oxygen saturation was also measured. Results: There was no statistical difference in desaturation of more than 20% among three groups (P=0.113) but it was significant between group I and II (P=0.042). Changes of rSO 2 in different hours of surgery was significant in group I and group II (P=0.0001 in both ) but it was not significant in group III ( P=0.075) . Conclusion: Although cerebral oximetry is a noninvasive and useful method of monitoring during cardiac surgery, it has low accuracy to determine postoperative neurologic complications.
Burst Spinal Cord Stimulation Evaluated in Patients With Failed Back Surgery Syndrome and Painful Diabetic Neuropathy

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used for treating intractable neuropathic pain. Generally, it induces paresthesia in the area covered by SCS. Burst SCS was introduced as a new stimulation paradigm with good pain relief without causing paresthesia. Good results have been obtained in patients who were naive to SCS. In this study we assess the effectiveness of burst stimulation in three groups of chronic pain patients who are already familiar with SCS and the accompanying paresthesia.
Power countings versus physical scalings in disordered elastic systems—case study of the one-dimensional interface

We study the scaling properties of a one-dimensional interface at equilibrium, at finite temperature and in a disordered environment with a finite disorder correlation length. We focus our approach on the scalings of its geometrical fluctuations as a function of its length. At large lengthscales, the roughness of the interface, defined as the variance of its endpoint fluctuations, follows a power-law behaviour whose exponent characterises its superdiffusive behaviour. In 1+1 dimensions, the roughness exponent is known to be the characteristic 2/3 exponent of the Kardar–Parisi–Zhang (KPZ) universality class. An important feature of the model description is that its Flory exponent, obtained by a power counting argument on its Hamiltonian, is equal to 3/5 and thus does not yield the correct KPZ roughness exponent. In this work, we review the available power-counting options, and relate the physical validity of the exponent values that they predict, to the existence (or not) of well-defined optimal trajectories in a large-size or low-temperature asymptotics. We identify the crucial role of the ‘cut-off’ lengths of the problem (the disorder correlation length and the system size), which one has to carefully follow throughout the scaling analysis. To complement the latter, we device a novel Gaussian variational method (GVM) scheme to compute the roughness, taking into account the effect of a large but finite interface length. Interestingly, such a procedure yields the correct KPZ roughness exponent, instead of the Flory exponent usually obtained through the GVM approach for an infinite interface. We explain the physical origin of this improvement of the GVM procedure and discuss possible extensions of this work to other disordered systems.
A Subject-Specific Kinematic Model to Predict Human Motion in Exoskeleton-Assisted Gait

The relative motion between human and exoskeleton is a crucial factor that has remarkable consequences on the efficiency, reliability and safety of human-robot interaction. Unfortunately, its quantitative assessment has been largely overlooked in the literature. Here, we present a methodology that allows predicting the motion of the human joints from the knowledge of the angular motion of the exoskeleton frame. Our method combines a subject-specific skeletal model with a kinematic model of a lower limb exoskeleton (H2, Technaid), imposing specific kinematic constraints between them. To calibrate the model and validate its ability to predict the relative motion in a subject-specific way, we performed experiments on seven healthy subjects during treadmill walking tasks. We demonstrate a prediction accuracy lower than 3.5° globally, and around 1.5° at the hip level, which represent an improvement up to 66% compared to the traditional approach assuming no relative motion between the user and the exoskeleton.
United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No . : US 8 , 088 , 382 B 2

(*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this W. 2. A1 3.E. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 WO 9428O28 12/1994 U.S.C. 154(b) by 777 days. WO 95/11010 4f1995 WO 95/18863 7, 1995 (21) Appl. No.: 11/994,363 WO 95.21931 8, 1995 WO 95.28494 10, 1995 WO 96.17823 6, 1996 (22) PCT Filed: Jun. 30, 2006 WO 96.255. 08 8, 1996 WO WO-96,27613 A1 9, 1996 (86). PCT No.: PCT/US2O06/026084 WO 98,06237 2, 1998 WO 99/O 1157 A1 1, 1999 S371 (c)(1), WO 99/O 1158 A1 1/1999 (2), (4) Date: Dec. 31, 2007 (Continued)
Depression and Its Relation to General Self-efficacy and Coping Styles in Delinquent Teenagers

Objective: To explore the characteristic of depression and its relationship with general self-efficacy and coping styles in delinquent teenagers. Methods: 228 delinquent teenagers in jail completed a battery of questionnaires consisted of General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Short Coping Style Scale (SCSS), and Center for Epidemiological, Depression Scale (CES-D). Results: Mean scores of depression of delinquent teenagers were found to be highly elevated. A total of 52.6% of the subjects showed depression. Depression as assessed by CES-D was found to correlate with General self-efficacy ( r =-0.162) and Negative Coping Styles ( r =0.177). No significant relationship was found between Positive Coping Styles and depression. Conclusion: Depression of delinquent teenagers was related to low self-efficacy and negative coping styles.
A Survey of Challenges Related to the Design of 3D User Interfaces for Car Drivers

After successfully integrating desktop-based concepts into drivers’ cockpits, it is now time to investigate options towards integrating 3D user interaction techniques. Such interaction techniques are becoming increasingly important to handle the ever-growing wealth of information that cars can provide to their drivers regarding traffic, road and car conditions, as well as entertainment and communication facilities. However, since drivers have to focus primarily on the road, they cannot lend their full attention to the user interface. Thus, common requirements and rules for interface design need to be extended. In this paper, we present and discuss the implication of such constraints on 3D user interfaces, listing some upcoming options for integrating 3D interfaces into cars. In addition, we present the concept that cars are no longer mainly mechanical objects. Rather they are complex computer systems with very particular input and output devices and mobile functionality. Following this new view, we reconsider familiar control devices of cars, such as the steering wheel and the gas and brake pedals as input and output devices to a very special three-dimensional computer application with strong connections to the real environment. In this light, such interaction devices serve as valuable examples of well-designed 3D user interfaces for computer-based navigation.
Semi-Random Access in Small Cells With User Priority

In a small cell system, centralized control can be a problem for the visiting users (VUs) who randomly enter and leave with high mobility. In this letter, we propose a semi-random access scheme to achieve the coexistence of users with different control modes: centralized control for local users (LUs) and decentralized control for VUs. We adopt randomized power control and successive interference cancellation techniques to optimize the system within a quality of service (QoS) constraint of LUs. Simulation results show that most VU throughput gain can be achieved at the cost of marginal LUs’ outage performance loss. The two types of users can well coexist under a proper QoS constraint, bringing about increased total throughput.
Global Statistics in Proximity Weighting Models

Information retrieval systems often use proximity or term dependence models to increase the effectiveness of document retrieval. Many of the existing proximity models examine document-level local statistics, such as the frequencies that pairs of query terms occur within fixed-size windows of each document, before applying standard or adapted weighting functions ‐ for instance Markov Random Fields. Term weighting models use Inverse Document Frequency (IDF) to control the influence of occurrences of differe nt query terms in documents. Similarly, some proximity models also take into account the frequency of pairs of query terms in the entire corpus of documents. However, pair frequency is an expensive statistic to pre-compute at indexing time, or to compute at retrieval time before scoring documents. In this work, we examine in a uniform setting, the importance of such global statistics for proximity weighting. We investigate two sources of global statistics, namely the target corpus, and the entire Web. Experiments are conducted using the TREC GOV2 and ClueWeb09 test collections. Our results show that local statistics alone are sufficient for effective retrieval, and global statistics usually do not bring any significant improvement in effectiveness, compared to the same proximity approaches that do not use these global statistics.
ATF6α regulates morphological changes associated with senescence in human fibroblasts

Cellular senescence is known as an anti-tumor barrier and is characterized by a number of determinants including cell cycle arrest, senescence associated β-galactosidase activity and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. Senescent cells are also subjected to enlargement, cytoskeleton-mediated shape changes and organelle alterations. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for these last changes remain still uncharacterized. Herein, we have identified the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) as a player controlling some morphological aspects of the senescent phenotype. We show that senescent fibroblasts exhibit ER expansion and mild UPR activation, but conserve an ER stress adaptive capacity similar to that of exponentially growing cells. By genetically invalidating the three UPR sensors in senescent fibroblasts, we demonstrated that ATF6α signaling dictates senescence-associated cell shape modifications. We also show that ER expansion and increased secretion of the pro-inflammatory mediator IL6 were partly reversed by silencing ATF6α in senescent cells. Moreover, ATF6α drives the increase of senescence associated-β-galactosidase activity. Collectively, these findings unveil a novel and central role for ATF6α in the establishment of morphological features of senescence in normal human primary fibroblasts.
Trends in HIV Terminology: Text Mining and Data Visualization Assessment of International AIDS Conference Abstracts Over 25 Years

Background The language encompassing health conditions can also influence behaviors that affect health outcomes. Few published quantitative studies have been conducted that evaluate HIV-related terminology changes over time. To expand this research, this study included an analysis of a dataset of abstracts presented at the International AIDS Conference (IAC) from 1989 to 2014. These abstracts reflect the global response to HIV over 25 years. Two powerful methodologies were used to evaluate the dataset: text mining to convert the unstructured information into structured data for analysis and data visualization to represent the data visually to assess trends. Objective The purpose of this project was to evaluate the evolving use of HIV-related language in abstracts presented at the IAC from 1989 to 2014. Methods Over 80,000 abstracts were obtained from the International AIDS Society and imported into a Microsoft SQL Server database for data processing and text mining analyses. A text mining module within the KNIME Analytics Platform, an open source software, was then used to mine the partially processed data to create a terminology corpus of key HIV terms. Subject matter experts grouped the terms into categories. Tableau, a data visualization software, was used to visualize the frequency metrics associated with the terms as line graphs and word clouds. The visualized dashboards were reviewed to discern changes in terminology use across IAC years. Results The major findings identify trends in HIV-related terminology over 25 years. The term “AIDS epidemic” was dominantly used from 1989 to 1991 and then declined in use. In contrast, use of the term “HIV epidemic” increased through 2014. Beginning in the mid-1990s, the term “treatment experienced” appeared with increasing frequency in the abstracts. Use of terms identifying individuals as “carriers or victims” of HIV rarely appeared after 2008. Use of the terms “HIV positive” and “HIV infected” peaked in the early-1990s and then declined in use. The terms “men who have sex with men” and “MSM” were rarely used until 1994; subsequently, use of these terms increased through 2014. The term “sex worker” steadily increased in frequency throughout conference years, whereas the term “prostitute” decreased over time. Conclusions The results of this study highlight changes in HIV terminology use over 25 years, including the addition, disappearance, and changing use of terms that reflect advances in HIV research and medical practice and destigmatization of the disease. Coupled with findings from related quantitative research, HIV-related terminology recommendations based on results of this study are included. Adoption of these recommendations will further efforts to use less stigmatizing language and facilitate effective communication between health professionals and people affected by HIV.
Trade-offs in PMU and IED Deployment for Active Distribution State Estimation Using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm

This paper proposes a new multi-objective optimization problem to find trade-offs in deployment of phasor measurement units (PMUs) and intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) for state estimation in active distribution networks. A new hybrid estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) has been used to find the optimal number and location of measurement devices, such as PMU and IED, for accurate state estimation. The objective functions to be minimized in this optimization problem are the total cost of PMUs and IEDs, and the root mean square value of state estimation error. As the objectives are conflicting in nature, a multi-objective Pareto-based nondominated sorting (NDS) EDA algorithm is proposed. Moreover, to improve the local searching capability of the traditional EDA algorithm, the interior point method (IPM) is hybridized with EDA to get a near-global optimal solution. The hybridization of EDA with IPM brings a higher degree of balance between the exploration and exploitation capability of the traditional EDA during the search process. Furthermore, the random variation in loads and generations is also considered to check the reliability of the proposed meter placement technique. The viability of the proposed algorithm has been tested on the IEEE 69-bus system and Indian 85-bus system to validate the results. The obtained results have been compared with those of the conventional EDA algorithm, NDS genetic algorithm, and hybrid EDA-simulated annealing algorithm existing in the literature.