Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meadowlands in time: re-envisioning the lost meadows of the Rother valley, West Sussex, UK

ABSTRACT Historically, meadows provided an essential crop of hay and common grazing in a delicately managed sustainable system in harmony with their environment and were of vital importance to the agricultural cycle of farming communities. Using archival and remotely sensed data, this paper provides a speculative re-construction of a former floodplain water management system and examines the changing fortunes of the floodplain meadows of the Rother valley, West Sussex, revealing the process of change in both the physical and cultural landscape. The inevitable decline of the floodplain meadows of the Rother was part of a nationwide transformation brought about by the introduction of new farming practices operating in a fast-changing tenurial landscape, dominated by the growth of landed estates where commoners’ rights were viewed with growing contempt. Today, the current vista of the Rother reveals only remnants of the past landscape where marginal habitats, riparian fringes and meadows have made way for a monoculture of permanent pasture of poor conservation value, supporting low biodiversity and offering little to mitigate against flood risk and poor water quality. If floodplain meadow reinstatement is to be considered as part of a catchment-wide programme of landscape restoration measures then the results of this historical landscape analysis could act as a ‘guiding image’ for environmental managers and policy makers and a platform to rekindle once again community engagement with its landscape.
Dual Regulation of Gluconeogenesis by Insulin and Glucose in the Proximal Tubules of the Kidney

Growing attention has been focused on the roles of the proximal tubules (PTs) of the kidney in glucose metabolism, including the mechanism of regulation of gluconeogenesis. In this study, we found that PT-specific insulin receptor substrate 1/2 double-knockout mice, established by using the newly generated sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2)-Cre transgenic mice, exhibited impaired insulin signaling and upregulated gluconeogenic gene expression and renal gluconeogenesis, resulting in systemic insulin resistance. In contrast, in streptozotocin-treated mice, although insulin action was impaired in the PTs, the gluconeogenic gene expression was unexpectedly downregulated in the renal cortex, which was restored by administration of an SGLT1/2 inhibitor. In the HK-2 cells, the gluconeogenic gene expression was suppressed by insulin, accompanied by phosphorylation and inactivation of forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FoxO1). In contrast, glucose deacetylated peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α (PGC1α), a coactivator of FoxO1, via sirtuin 1, suppressing the gluconeogenic gene expression, which was reversed by inhibition of glucose reabsorption. These data suggest that both insulin signaling and glucose reabsorption suppress the gluconeogenic gene expression by inactivation of FoxO1 and PGC1α, respectively, providing insight into novel mechanisms underlying the regulation of gluconeogenesis in the PTs.
Isolated word, speaker dependent recognition under the presence noise, based on an audio retrieval algorithm

With rapidly increasing storage and computational capacity, a common PC can store and index hundreds of hours of speech. This suggests that new approaches based on database techniques might be useful in speech recognition and speech indexing. This paper presents a first step in such a direction. The algorithm developed relies on an indexed single-speaker database. The database consists of spoken utterances transcribed into text. The waveforms of these utterances are converted off-line to binary symbols called fingerprints through a nonlinear frequency-domain transform. The fingerprints are associated with the transcribed text. Given the fingerprint of a new waveform, the best word match from the database can be retrieved. A 3255 word database is used as a test bed. All the words from this database are mixed with white noise and time-scale modified to provide test data. The database is queried with the fingerprint of the test words and the best match is retrieved. The results of the experiments conducted are promising, showing a 99.5% recognition rate for a 20 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR).
Free‐living, Amphizoic and Opportunistic Amebas

Amebas belonging to the genera Naegleria, Acanthamoeba and Balamuthia are free‐living, amphizoic and opportunistic protozoa that are ubiquitous in nature. These amebas are found in soil, water and air samples from all over the world. Human infection due to these amebas involving brain, skin, lung and eyes has increased significantly during the last 10 years. The epidemiology, immunology, protozoology, pathology, and clinical features of the infections produced by these protozoa differ strikingly.
Sex‐specific associative learning cues and inclusive fitness benefits in the Seychelles warbler

In cooperative breeding vertebrates, indirect fitness benefits would be maximized by subordinates that accurately assess their relatedness to group offspring and preferentially help more closely related kin. In the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis), we found a positive relationship between subordinate‐nestling kinship (determined using microsatellite marker genotypes) and provisioning rates, but only for female subordinates. Female subordinates that helped were significantly more related to the nestlings than were nonhelpers, and the decision to help appears to be based on associative learning cues. High levels of female infidelity means that subordinates cannot trust their legitimacy through the male line, consequently they appear to use the continued presence of the primary female, but not the primary male, as a reliable cue to determine when to feed nestlings. By using effective discrimination, female subordinates are able to maximize the indirect benefits gained within a cooperative breeding system otherwise driven primarily by direct breeding benefits.
The Active Site of O-Acetylserine Sulfhydrylase Is the Anchor Point for Bienzyme Complex Formation with Serine Acetyltransferase

ABSTRACT The biosynthesis of cysteine in bacteria and plants is carried out by a two-step pathway, catalyzed by serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS; O-acetylserine [thiol] lyase). The aerobic form of OASS forms a tight bienzyme complex with SAT in vivo, termed cysteine synthase. We have determined the crystal structure of OASS in complex with a C-terminal peptide of SAT required for bienzyme complex formation. The binding site of the peptide is at the active site of OASS, and its C-terminal carboxyl group occupies the same anion binding pocket as the α-carboxylate of the O-acetylserine substrate of OASS. These results explain the partial inhibition of OASS by SAT on complex formation as well as the competitive dissociation of the complex by O-acetylserine.
Predicting Gaming Related Properties from Twitter Accounts

We demonstrate a system for predicting gaming related properties from Twitter accounts. Our system predicts various traits of users based on the tweets publicly available in their profiles. Such inferred traits include degrees of tech-savviness and knowledge on computer games, actual gaming performance, preferred platform, degree of originality, humor and influence on others. Our system is based on machine learning models trained on crowd-sourced data. It allows people to select Twitter accounts of their fellow gamers, examine the trait predictions made by our system, and the main drivers of these predictions. We present empirical results on the performance of our system based on its accuracy on our crowd-sourced dataset.
A Decision Support System for the Stock Market Through Integration of Fuzzy Neural Networks and Fuzzy Delphi

The stock market, which has been investigated by various researchers, is a very complicated environment. Most past research is only concerned with the quantitative factors such as index in open and volume, rather than the qualitative factors, such as the political effect. However, the latter plays a critical role in the stock market environment. Therefore, this research proposes a decision support system for the stock market that considers the quantitative factors as well as the qualitative factors. The proposed system consists of four steps: (1)factors collection, (2) quantitative model (fuzzy neural network \[FNN]), (3) qualitative model (fuzzy Delphi), and (4) decision integration (FNN). An example based on the Taiwan stock market is utilized to evaluate the proposed intelligent system. Evaluation results indicate that the proposed system can perform more effectively than the single artificial neural network.
Scarring Airway Stenosis in Chinese Adults: Characteristics and Interventional Bronchoscopy Treatment

Background: Scarring airway stenosis is commonly seen in China as compared to other developed countries, due to the high prevalence of tuberculosis. Nowadays, interventional bronchoscopy treatment has been widely used to treat this disease in China. This study demonstrated the characteristics of scarring airway stenosis in Chinese adults and retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of interventional bronchoscopy treatment of this disease. Methods: Patients with scarring airway stenosis from 18 tertiary hospitals were enrolled between January 2013 and June 2016. The causes, site, and length of scarring airway stenosis were analyzed, and the efficacy of the interventional bronchoscopy treatment was evaluated. Results: The final study cohort consisted of 392 patients. Endotracheobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) was the most common cause of scarring airway stenosis (305/392, 77.8%) in Chinese adults with a high rate of incidence in young women. The left main bronchus was most susceptible to EBTB, and most posttuberculosis airway scarring stenosis length was 1.1–2.0 cm. The average clinical success rate of interventional bronchoscopy treatment for scarring airway stenosis in Chinese patients is 60.5%. The stent was inserted in 8.7% scarring airway stenosis in China. Conclusions: Scarring airway stenosis exhibits specific characteristics in Chinese patients. Interventional bronchoscopy is a useful and safe treatment method for the disease.
The number of generations in freshwater monogeneans per year

It seems that the monogenean Ancyrocephalus paradoxus inhabiting the zander Stizostedion lucioperca (L.) has three generations per year in the Kurish Bay of the Baltic Sea. Diplozoids of cyprinids in the same bay have only two generations. There is evidence that temperature is the chief factor determining the number of generations in Monogenea; but there are also data showing that an increase in abundance of some Monogenea takes place at low temperatures and during congregation of fishes. There is another opinion that sex hormones offish influence the development of Monogenea. However, the appearance of the third generation during winter and early spring is not consistent with this.
A Cache Visualization Tool

Improved cache performance is crucial to improved code performance. By visualizing cache behavior as the program is simulated, this memory analysis tool dynamically represents cache phenomena. The results can guide developers in making better software and hardware optimizations. The authors have developed a cache visualization tool which both dynamically visualizes cache content and provides related statistics.
Parallel implementation of genomic sequences classification using modified Gabor wavelet transform on multicore systems

High processing time is required to classify genomic sequences and to identify protein coding of a DNA sequence. While computer performance has been driven largely by decreasing the size of chips while increasing the number of transistors they contain, the current computing trend is multicore system in which two or more independent cores are integrated into a single package. This paper presents the parallel implementation of the gene and exon identification of DNA sequences using the previously developed modified Gabor wavelet transform on multicore systems. Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) parallel paradigm will be used in the parallel implementation. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm will be analyzed using Amdahl's law.
The Spatial Disaggregation Problem: Simulating Reasoning Using a Fuzzy Inference System

The spatial disaggregation problem is an interesting problem when investigating and processing geographically correlated data; it is a special case of the map overlay problem. The map overlay problem occurs when data that are presented in incompatible grids need to be combined or compared; the spatial disaggregation problem is a special case in which the cells of one grid partition the cells of the other grid. The main reason for spatial disaggregation is to increase the spatial resolution of the data. Traditionally, similar methods as for the map overlay problem are used; fairly straightforward assumptions on the geographical distribution of the data are made, but these assumptions do not match the real-world situation. The approach presented in this contribution uses additionally available data ( proxy data) that provides information on the geographic distribution of the input data. As will be illustrated, having this proxy data still does not provide for a straightforward solution and incorporating it inquires some form of reasoning which will be achieved by means of a dynamically constructed fuzzy inference system.
Homonymous role in role-based discretionary access control

The access control model is a core aspect of trusted information systems. Based on the role based access control (RBAC) model, we put forward the concept of the homonymous role, which extends the role control categories in RBAC, balances the control granularity and the storage space requirements, and executes the fine-grained access control. Instead of the traditional global access control policies (GACP), we propose the homonymous control domain (HCD) mechanism to enable the coexistence of multiple types of access control policies in a single system, thereby improving the control granularity and flexibility. The HCD mechanism facilitates the discretionary supporting of independent access control policies for its homonymous user. The HCD mechanism and the traditional access control mechanism can be linked to construct a two-layer access control policy mechanism for a system. Notably, we also consider the temporal characteristic in HCD, which is a critical feature of modern access control models. Furthermore, we analyze the conflicts between the HCD and GACP mechanisms. Finally, we design and implement our HCD on FreeBSD to demonstrate the advantages of the two-layer access control mechanism. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Storage Management over Cloud Using Data Compression without Losing Searching Capacity

Nowadays due to social media, people may communicate with each other, share their thoughts and moments of life in form of texts, images or videos. We are uploading our private data in terms of photos, videos, and documents on internet websites like Facebook, Whatsapp, Google+ and Youtube etc. In short today world is surrounded with large volume of data in different form. This put a requirement for effective management of these billions of terabytes of electronic data generally called BIG DATA. Handling large data sets is a major challenge for data centers. The only solution for this problem is to add as many hard disk as required. But if the data is kept in unformatted the requirement of hard disk will be very high. Cloud technology in today is becoming popular but efficient storage management for large volume of data on cloud still there is a big question. Many frameworks are available to address this problem. Hadoop is one of them. Hadoop provides an efficient way to store and retrieve large volume of data. But Hadoop is efficient only if the file containing data is large enough. Basically Hadoop uses a big hard disk block to store data. And this makes it inefficient in the area where volume to data is large but individual file is small. To satisfy both challenges to store large volume of data in less space. And to store small unit of file without wasting the space. We require to store data not is usual form but in compressed form so that we can keep the block size small. But if we do so it added one more dimension of problem. Searching the content in a compressed file is very in-efficient. Therefore we require an efficient algorithm which compress the file without disturbing the search capacity of the data center. Here we will provide the way how we can solve these challenges. Keywords : Cloud, Big DATA, Hadoop, Data Compression, MapReduce
The Effect of Some Natural Materials in the Development of Shoot and Root of Banana (Musa spp.) Using Tissue Culture Technology

Banana is one of the most important fruit crop worldwide, as its production reaches approximately 70 million tones per year. By tissue culture, triploid and seedless bananas can now be produced in a high quantity, in a less time and at any time of the year without being limited to a season. The aim of this study is to substitute the artificial hormones used in the tissue culture such as, cytokinins and auxins by natural materials such as, Pineapple, Coconut milk, Cacao, Coffee, and Charcoal. Five different media composed of these natural materials were prepared in different concentrations, Pineapple (5,10 and 20cm), Coconut milk (5,10 and20cm,), Cacao (1,2.5 and 5 g), Coffee (1,2.5 and 5 g) and Charcoal (1,2.5 and 5 g) to study their effect on the development and browning of the bananas' shoots and roots in vitro, with the aid of various statistical analyses. The results indicated that the pineapple and coconut milk produced the highest number and length of both shoots and roots, as well as the soluble sugars contents, while the cocoa and coconut milk showed the highest protein content. The charcoal reduced significantly the phenolic content. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the coffee, cacao. This study has highlighted the benefits and advantages of using natural materials in producing high quality banana. (Irini Beshir , Sherif El Sharbasy , Gehan Safwat and Ayman Diab The effect of some natural materials in the development of shoot and root of Banana (Musa spp.) using tissue. New York Science Journal 2012;5(1):132- 138). (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub. net/newyork . 19.
Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3.0 T

Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to image the in utero fetus for the past 3 decades. Although not as commonplace as other patient-oriented MRI, it is a growing field and demonstrating a role in the clinical care of the fetus. Indeed, the body of literature involving fetal MRI exceeds 3000 published articles. Indeed, there is interest in accessing even the healthy fetus with MRI to further understand the development of humans during the fetal stage. On the horizon is fetal imaging using 3.0-T clinical systems. Although a clear path is not necessarily determined, experiments, theoretical calculations, advances in pulse sequence design, new hardware, and experience from imaging at 1.5 T help define the path.
The Effect of Pilocarpine on the Submaxillary Gland of the Rat

E XPERIMENTS performed with rats and hamsters' indicate that a reduction in salivary flow, produced by gland extirpation or duct ligation, results in a significant increase in experimental dental caries. Preliminary data from our laboratory indicate that an increased salivary flow produced by pilocarpine administration may be associated with a significant reduction in caries experience under certain experimental conditions.2 However, because this drug has undesirable side effects, it was felt that the effect of its administration on the histologic appearance of the salivary glands should be investigated. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to report the effects of pilocarpine upon the histology of the submaxillary gland of the rat after both limited and prolonged drug administration.
Role of human noncoding RNAs in the control of tumorigenesis

Related studies showed that the protein PSF represses proto-oncogene transcription, and VL30–1 RNA, a mouse noncoding retroelement RNA, binds and releases PSF from a proto-oncogene, activating transcription. Here we show that this mechanism regulates tumorigenesis in human cells, with human RNAs replacing VL30–1 RNA. A library of human RNA fragments was used to isolate, by affinity chromatography, 5 noncoding RNA fragments that bind to human PSF (hPSF), releasing hPSF from a proto-oncogene and activating transcription. Each of the 5 RNA fragments maps to a different human gene. The tumorigenic function of the hPSF-binding RNAs was tested in a human melanoma line and mouse fibroblast line, by determining the effect of the RNAs on formation of colonies in agar and tumors in mice. (i) Expressing in human melanoma cells the RNA fragments individually promoted tumorigenicity. (ii) Expressing in human melanoma cells a shRNA, which causes degradation of the endogenous RNA from which an RNA fragment was derived, suppressed tumorigenicity. (iii) Expressing in mouse NIH/3T3 cells the RNA fragments individually resulted in transformation to tumorigenic cells. (iv) A screen of 9 human tumor lines showed that each line expresses high levels of several hPSF-binding RNAs, relative to the levels in human fibroblast cells. We conclude that human hPSF-binding RNAs drive transformation and tumorigenesis by reversing PSF-mediated repression of proto-oncogene transcription and that dysfunctional regulation of human hPSF-binding RNA expression has a central role in the etiology of human cancer.
[Quality of life, time commitment and burden perceived by the principal informal caregiver of Alzheimer's patients].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), the time commitment and the burden perceived by the principal informal caregiver (PIC) of Alzheimer's patients (AP) in Spain, as well as the type and amount of external help received. DESIGN Multicentric descriptive cross-sectional study. PATIENTS A randomised sample of 268 PIC were included from 19 Alzheimer's Patient Family Associations (APFA) randomly selected from all Spanish regions. MEASURES Data were collected using a structured telephone interview with the CATI system. HRQoL was measured using the questionnaire EuroQoL-5D. Information was also collected on the health problems of the PIC, the burden perceived (using the specific Zarit scale), the time commitment of PICs (hours per day), type of activity, as well as the amount and type of external help received. RESULTS The HRQoL of the PIC showed to be worse than the general population in the EQ-5D, except in the self-care dimension. A total of 84% of PIC had physical problems related to the care given to the AP and 94.4% had psychological problems. The Zarit scale showed that 46.5% of caregivers had a level of burden between severe and moderated, while in 34.7% was severe. Time commitment was more than 8 hours per day in 72.1% of them and more than 20 hours per day in 39.6%. Only 26.9% of the PIC received some sort of socio-sanitary help and 76.5% received help from the APFA. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers of AP suffer a negative impact on their health state and HRQoL; the time they dedicate to the patient is very high.