Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics associated with diagnostic delay of pulmonary embolism in primary care: a retrospective observational study

Objectives To evaluate the extent of delay in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in primary care, and to identify determinants that are associated with such diagnostic delay. Design Retrospective observational study. Setting 6 primary care practices across the Netherlands. Participants Data from patients with an objectively confirmed diagnosis of PE (International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) code K93) up to June 2015 were extracted from the electronic medical records. For all these PE events, we reviewed all consultations with their general practitioner (GP) and scored any signs and symptoms that could be attributed to PE in the 3 months prior to the event. Also, we documented actual comorbidity and the diagnosis considered initially. Primary and secondary outcome measures Delay was defined as a time gap of >7 days between the first potentially PE-related contact with the GP and the final PE diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent determinants for delay. Results In total, 180 incident PE cases were identified, of whom 128 patients had 1 or more potential PE-related contact with their GP within the 3 months prior to the diagnosis. Based on our definition, in 33 of these patients (26%), diagnostic delay was observed. Older age (age >75 years; OR 5.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 14.1)) and the absence of chest symptoms (ie, chest pain or pain on inspiration; OR 5.4 (95% CI 1.9 to 15.2)) were independent determinants for diagnostic delay. A respiratory tract infection prior to the PE diagnosis was reported in 13% of cases without delay, and in 33% of patients with delay (p=0.008). Conclusions Diagnostic delay of more than 7 days in the diagnosis of PE is common in primary care, especially in the elderly, and if chest symptoms, like pain on inspiration, are absent.
Concentration-time profiles of ethanol and acetaldehyde in human volunteers treated with the alcohol-sensitizing drug, calcium carbimide.

1. The disposition kinetics of ethanol and its toxic metabolite acetaldehyde were investigated in 10 healthy male volunteers who ingested 0.25 g kg-1 ethanol after an overnight fast. This dose of ethanol was given 2 h after they swallowed a tablet of either calcium carbimide CC (50 mg), a potent inhibitor of low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), or placebo according to a single-blind crossover design. 2. The pulmonary blood concentrations of ethanol and acetaldehyde were estimated indirectly by means of a gas chromatographic method modified for analysis of end-expired breath. This non-invasive sampling technique allowed replicate determinations at 15 min intervals. 3. The distribution volume of ethanol (V) was 0.64 +/- 0.023 1 kg-1 after CC and 0.68 +/- 0.026 l kg-1 after placebo treatment (P greater than 0.05). The zero order slope of the blood-ethanol decay profile (ko) decreased by about 5% when low Km ALDH was inhibited. The elimination of ethanol from the body (V X ko) was 1.9 +/- 0.051 mmol kg-1 h-1 after CC compared with 2.11 +/- 0.056 mmol kg-1 h-1 in placebo control experiments (P less than 0.001). The area under the ethanol concentration time curve (0----180 min) increased after CC treatment implying a change in clearance. 4. The disposition of acetaldehyde was markedly different in subjects pretreated with CC. The peak blood-concentrations, estimated by analysis of breath, ranged from 40-242 mumol l-1 compared with 1.7-6.5 mumol l-1 after placebo. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The NIST Real-time Control System (RCS): an approach to intelligent systems research

Differences between the deliberative and reactive aspects of behaviour have led to different scientific approaches that have divided the field of cognitive research for at least a century. In the tradition of the behaviourist school of psychology, many present day researchers in advanced robotics and artificial intelligence have abandoned inquiry into the complexities of cognitive behaviour in favour of a minimalist philosophy that focuses primarily on stimulus-response reactivity. In contrast, the Real-time Control System (RCS) developed at NIST and elsewhere over the past two decades provides a model for bridging the gap between deliberative and reactive behaviours. RCS is a reference model architecture for intelligent systems design that consists of a hierarchically layered set of processing nodes. In each node, there are both cognitive and reactive elements. At each layer, entities are recognized, tasks are deliberatively planned, and feedback from sensors closes a reactive control loop. RCS thus inte.
Urocortin Modulates Inflammatory Response and Neurotoxicity Induced by Microglial Activation1

Microglia are the major inflammatory cells in the brain. Recent studies have highlighted the reciprocal roles of other brain cells in modulating the microglial inflammatory responses. Urocortin (UCN) is a member of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family of neuropeptides that function to regulate stress responses. In the present study, we demonstrated that expression of UCN in rat substantia nigra was found to be localized principally to dopaminergic neurons. In cell culture models, the CRH receptors were expressed in microglia, and CRHR expression was up-regulated by treatment with LPS. Thus, it might be proposed that UCN regulates cellular communication between dopaminergic neurons and microglia. We show that femtomolar concentrations of UCN could inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α production in cultured microglia. Investigation of the underlying signaling pathway that mediated the anti-inflammatory effect of UCN the involved PI3K/Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3β pathway, but not cAMP pathway. Furthermore, UCN protected dopaminergic neurons against LPS-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation in LPS-treated mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures. These results suggest that endogenous UCN and its receptors might be involved in a complex network of paracrine interaction between dopaminergic neurons and glia.
Tipping Point of Information Spreading in Random Clustered Networks with Heterogeneous Contact Rates

Tipping point phenomena for information spreading in complex networks have been studied for decades in various disciplines. A tipping point is a moment at which information suddenly spreads rapidly and globally. Understanding how tipping points occur in networks is an important problem, which is closely related to the eruption of an epidemic in epidemiology, the initiation of a trend in marketing, and so on. In this work, we identify condition for tipping points to occur and analyze spreading behaviors in random clustered networks with heterogeneous contact rates. The Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model and its variants have been widely used to explain the tipping point phenomena [3]. Much of the previous research on the SIR model have concentrated on locally tree-like networks such as the configuration model. However, triadic closure (friends of friends are more likely to become friends) occurs in social networks. To demonstrate this, Newman and Miller proposed simultaneously a model for random clustered networks by considering the degree distribution and the number of triangles each node participates [4, 2]. Miller introduced a method to calculate the probabilities and the sizes of the large-scale spreading in random clustered networks for constant contact rates [2]. However, contact rates almost never be the constant in social networks. Let f (i, j) be the contact rate between an infectious node i and its susceptible neighbor j. For example, if we assume that each user can read c messages per a day from his or her friends equally likely, then f (i, j) = c/d j where d j is the degree of j. Likewise, if we assume that each user can send c messages to his or her friends equally likely, then f (i, j) = c/di. In this work, we consider arbitrary contact rate f (i, j), and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the tipping point occurrence under the random clustered network. We also obtain formulas to compute the probability and the size of the large-scale spreading. Suppose that we have two sequences s = (s1, . . . ,sn) and t = (t1, . . . , tn), where si is the number of incident edges of a node i that are not included in any triangle and ti is the number of triangles that contain a node i. The general random clustered network G(s, t) is a probability space over the set of networks on the node set {1, . ,n}, so that it is determined by adding an edge with probability sis j/∑x sx
Tests of Linear Hypotheses in the ANOVA under Heteroscedasticity

It is often of interest to undertake a general linear hypothesis testing (GLHT) problem in the one-way ANOVA without assuming the equality of the group variances. When the equality of the group variances is valid, it is well known that the GLHT problem can be solved by the classical F-test. The classical Ftest, however, may lead to misleading conclusions when the variance homogeneity assumption is seriously violated since it does not take the group variance heteroscedasticity into account. To our knowledge, little work has been done for this heteroscedastic GLHT problem except for some special cases. In this paper, we propose a simple approximate Hotelling T 2 (AHT) test. We show that the AHT test is invariant under a‐ne-transformations, difierent choices of the coe‐cient matrix used to deflne the same hypothesis, and difierent labeling schemes of the group means. Simulations and real data applications indicate that the AHT test is comparable with or outperforms some well-known approximate solutions proposed for the k-sample Behrens-Fisher problem which is a special case of the heteroscedastic GLHT problem.
Is spacing behaviour coupled with predation causing the micro tine density cycle? A synthesis of current process-oriented and pattern-oriented studies

Current ecological information on periodically fluctuating microtine populations are demonstrated to support a hypothesis involving both predation and intrinsic self-regulation as necessary and sufficient factors for explaining the ‘microtine density cycle’. The structure of the cyclic time series is largely two dimensional with strong delayed density dependence. Together with recent field studies on rodent demography, our modelling suggests that trophic interaction is a likely candidate to generate the dimensionality observed for northern microtine rodent dynamics. It is shown that the trophic interaction must be fairly strong. This suggests that specialist predation is the most likely one among the classes of trophic interactions. We also argue that some ̶ but not too strong ̶ self-regulation must occur to generate the structure of the available time series on northern European microtines.
Non-pairing attribute based encryption scheme based on quadratic residuosity

The conventional private and public key cryptosystems suffer from issues of key exchange and key distribution respectively. A better alternative is to use identity of a user as the public key. Identity-based encryption is well accepted worldwide but its key revocation issue makes it insecure. Attribute Based Encryption, using attributes of a user instead of identity combats these issues. Though many mathematical methods are used to achieve IBE and ABE, research for efficient ones is still ongoing. This paper proposes a non-pairing based Attribute Based Encryption scheme based on the concepts of RSA cryptosystem and Quadratic Residuosity.
Purchase Intention of Products with Islamic Labels under Time Pressure

The aim of this research is an investigation into the effect of using an Islamic symbol in food packaging through considering the effects of time pressure, and Involvement on Muslim consumers' purchase intention. The data gathered through questionnaire were processed using partial least-squares (PLS) method. Results represented positive and significant impact of Islamic symbol in food packaging on Muslim consumers' purchase intention. Also, the effects of time pressure as a moderating variable of relationship between religious symbol and purchase intention is supported. Findings showed that the more people were under time pressure, the more they showed themselves willing to shop by seeing religious symbol on packaging and their purchase intention was increased. Further data analysis also revealed that the moderating effect of Involvement of consumers was not confirmed. This highlights that Involvement of consumers relating to food had no effect on enhancement of their purchase intention in case of seeing a religious symbol. These results involve practical tips for food packaging designers and international marketers who are interested in increasing customers' interests in products and promotion of their products in Islamic markets.
A Hybrid State Estimator: Solving Normal Equations by Orthogonal Transformations

The standard approach to the solution of the weighted least square (WLS) state estimation in power system is the iterative normal equations method. Occasional ill-conditioning has been experienced with this method. Recently alternative solution approaches based on orthogonal transformations have been proposed. Sparsity generally suffers in these methods. In this paper, the network condition which causes ill- conditioning is studied. A hybrid approach which enjoys the same numerical robustness of the orthogonal methods with sparsity close to the standard WLS method is presented. The modification needed to implement the hybrid method on an existing standard WLS state estimation program is quite small.
Development and Validation of the Short Multidimensional Well-Being Questionnaire (SMWQ)

Received: November 10, 2016 Revised: January 14, 2017 Accepted: January 24, 2017 Abstract: Purpose: Psychological well-being and health are closely linked at older ages. It is widely recognized that adapted regular physical exercise improves drastically both the physical and emotional well-being and allows older adults to stay healthy longer, with a better quality of life. In the framework of a European project (MOTION) to increase the life expectancy, independence and quality of life of older adults, the aim of the current research was to develop and validate a brief, multi-faceted, self-report measure of well-being in older adults.
Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis for Analysis ofMycobacterium tuberculosis Culture Filtrate and Purification and Characterization of Six Novel Proteins

ABSTRACT Culture filtrate from Mycobacterium tuberculosiscontains molecules which promote high levels of protective immunity in animal models of subunit vaccination against tuberculosis. We have used two-dimensional electrophoresis for analysis and purification of six novel M. tuberculosis culture filtrate proteins (CFPs): CFP17, CFP20, CFP21, CFP22, CFP25, and CFP28. The proteins were tested for recognition by M. tuberculosis-reactive memory cells from different strains of inbred mice and for their capacity to induce a skin test response in M. tuberculosis-infected guinea pigs. CFP17, CFP20, CFP21 and CFP25 induced both a high gamma interferon release and a strong delayed-type hypersensitivity response, and CFP21 was broadly recognized by different strains of inbred mice. N-terminal sequences were obtained for the six proteins, and the corresponding genes were identified in the Sanger M. tuberculosis genome database. In parallel we established a two-dimensional electrophoresis reference map of short-term culture filtrate components and mapped novel proteins as well as already-known CFP.
The NBOMe hallucinogenic drug series: Patterns of use, characteristics of users and self-reported effects in a large international sample

The NBOMe compounds are a novel series of hallucinogenic drugs that are potent agonists of the 5-HT2A receptor, have a short history of human consumption and are available to buy online, in most countries. In this study, we sought to investigate the patterns of use, characteristics of users and self-reported effects. A cross-sectional anonymous online survey exploring the patterns of drug use was conducted in 2012 (n = 22,289), including questions about the use of 25B-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe, and 25I-NBOMe and comparison drugs. We found that 2.6% of respondents (n = 582) reported having ever tried one of the three NBOMe drugs and that at 2.0%, 25I-NBOMe was the most popular (n = 442). Almost all (93.5%) respondents whose last new drug tried was a NBOMe drug, tried it in 2012, and 81.2% of this group administered the drug orally or sublingually/buccally. Subjective effects were similar to comparison serotonergic hallucinogens, though higher ‘negative effects while high’ and greater ‘value for money’ were reported. The most common (41.7%) drug source was via a website. The NBOMe drugs have emerged recently, are frequently bought using the internet and have similar effects to other hallucinogenic drugs; however, they may pose larger risks, due to the limited knowledge about them, their relatively low price and availability via the internet.
Employee Adoption and Use of Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) : Evidence from Ugandan Local Government Perspective

Globally, the importance of human resource technologies such as the Human Resources Information Systems (HRIS) has been recognised in streamlining the organisations operations and human resource management in order to provide better services. The aim of this research was to ascertain the determinants of employee adoption and use of HRIS in the Ugandan local governments’ services. By adopting the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, we categorised the possible adoption factors. We adopted a quantitative approach, a descriptive and cross-sectional research design and analyzed data using Partial Least Squares Structured Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the strength of the hypothesized relationships among the constructs from the TOE factors and HRIS adoption. In our results, relative advantage; IT infrastructure; organisational compatibility; top management support and IT knowledge were found to have a significant positive relationship in the adoption and usage of HRIS. However, as hypothesized, complexity as an environmental context factor within the TOE framework was not supported as having a significant negative relationship and predictor of HRIS adoption and usage. Subsequently, the central governments in developing countries should earnestly consider the technological and organisational factors in the adoption of HRIS in the context of local governments based on the R-squared value of 87.9%. While the regulatory agencies concentrate on developing legal frameworks that would foster competition in the adoption and usage of HR technological innovations. Lastly, study implications of the findings are discussed alongside some direction for future research.
Myosin II activation promotes neurite retraction during the action of Rho and Rho‐kinase

The Rho small GTPase regulates myosin II activity through the phosphorylation of the myosin light chain (MLC) by activating Rho‐kinase, which is a target of Rho. Several lines of evidence point to an important role of Rho in the action of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and thrombin in provoking neurite retraction in N1E‐115 neuroblastoma cells.
Short report: Improving record–review surveillance of young children with an autism spectrum disorder

Introduction: Records-based autism spectrum disorder surveillance developed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been extended to younger cohorts, although the utility of additional record sources has not been examined. We therefore conducted a pilot project to describe whether Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance could identify younger children with an autism spectrum disorder evaluated as part of an ongoing screening study at Georgia State University. Methods: In all, 31 families of children who screened positive for autism spectrum disorder and received a clinical evaluation at Georgia State University agreed to participate in the project. Of these, 10 children lived inside the surveillance area and had records abstracted and reviewed for this project. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance results (i.e. autism spectrum disorder or non-autism spectrum disorder) were compared with Georgia State University evaluation results (i.e. autism spectrum disorder or non-autism spectrum disorder). Results: In all, 4 of the 10 children were diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder after the Georgia State University evaluation. None of the 4 children with an autism spectrum disorder were identified by current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance methods but all 4 children were identified by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance methods when additional record sources were included (i.e. records from the statewide early intervention program and Georgia State University evaluation). Conclusion: These findings suggest that partnering with early intervention programs and encouraging early autism spectrum disorder screening might improve autism spectrum disorder surveillance among young children.
Thermal-Aware Placement Using Lagrangian Relaxation Combined with a Partition Scheme

Thermal-aware placement problem, which had received only moderate interest in the past, is gradually becoming a "hot spot" in EDA. Essentially, it shows a nonuniform temperature distribution problem caused by the growing power consumption in modern high performance VLSI circuit designs. In this paper, in order to effectively decrease the maximal temperature on the die and lead to a comparatively uniform temperature distribution, we present a thermal placement algorithm for standard cell based layout: a Fiduccia-Mattheyses (FM) partition scheme proceeds; During each partition level the corresponding thermal quadratic programming problems are constructed and Lagrangian relaxation approach is used to solve them. The experimental results demonstrate our algorithm's effectiveness
EVALUATION OF PARKING AREA SPORT ACTIVITIES BASE ON LAND USE NEEDS EDUCATION ACTIVITIES SYSTEM

The need for parking space in the land use system for educational activities is needed in line with the growth of vehicle users. Educational areas with a high center of activity really need adequate parking space for ease of accessibility. The center of sports activities in the area of higher education activities requires the ease of using vehicle parking. The system of sports activities in higher education areas with high movement activities requires evaluation of parking space requirements in accordance with the activity system. Analyzing parking space requirements based on system activities is the main objective of this study. Specifically the purpose of the study is based on the analysis of parking duration. The frequency and accumulation of vehicles in the parking area is a characteristic impact of the activity system of sports activities. The analysis method based on parking space units is analyzed based on parking methods with variables that affect vehicle use in the activity system in the sports activity zone. Variables of parking user characteristics are based on survey responses from vehicle users from their activity system. The results showed the existing conditions with 34 units of parking spaces with parking index 1.1764 with the need for parking space of 460 m2. With a system of high activity and vehicle growth, the parking area needs at the prediction of the next 10 years require an area of 59 parking spaces with a parking index of 0.949 with a parking area of 643.89 m2. So that the development of the parking area in the sports zone activity system requires an additional parking area of 183, 89 m2.