Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and Implementation of Scalable VANET-based Navigation System Using Probability-based Broadcasting Ms

AbstractGlobal Positioning System (GPS) is wide ly used for finding the shortest path from source t o destination based on a local map database, as real-time road situatio ns are not taken into consideration in GPS. Vehicul ar ad-hoc network (VANET) based navigation system automatically searc hes for the route that yields minimum traveling del ay. The system uses collected data to provide navigation service t o drivers. In order to maintain the security and privacy, a Trusted Authority (TA) is able to obtain user’s real identity. However, the centralized approach for route sea rching is not scalable for large cities. Probability based broadcasting aproach eliminates privacy issues and provides scala bility. Thus, propose broadcasting approach provides two ways to determin e a retransmit probability: 1) fixed (V2I) and 2) one-hop distance (V2V). Broadcasting approach also eliminates broadc ast storm problem with reasonable delay and high de livery rate.
A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE REMOVAL OF PHENOBARBITAL-INDUCED MEMBRANES FROM HEPATOCYTES AFTER CESSATION OF TREATMENT

It is well known that phenobarbital (PB) treatment produces an increase in the amount of cytoplasmic membranes of hepatocytes, with a parallel enhancement in the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. However, little is known about how the induced membranes are removed after the drug treatment is stopped. To consider this problem, the recovery of rat hepatocytes from PB induction (five daily injections, 100 mg/kg) was followed morphometrically. Treatment with PB produced a cellular enlargement (26%) due to increases in the volume of the cytoplasmic matrix (20%) and the volume (100%) and surface area (90%) of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The volume of the nuclei and the surface area of the Golgi apparatus were also increased, but no changes were detected in the volumes of the mitochondria or peroxisomes. The SER membranes induced by the PB were removed within 5 days after the end of the treatment period. During this period of membrane removal, we observed an increase in the volume (800%) and number (96%) of autophagic vacuoles without a change in dense bodies. A morphometric analysis of the content of the autophagic vacuoles showed that the endoplasmic reticulum membranes were preferentially removed, and from this we conclude that the formation of autophagic vacuoles was not a random process. Our findings show that the removal of excess cytoplasmic membranes is associated with an increase in autophagic activity and thus demonstrates the presence of a specific cellular mechanism which may be responsible for the bulk removal of PB-induced membranes.
Variable-Domain Functional Principal Component Analysis

Abstract We introduce a novel method of principal component analysis for data with varying domain lengths for each functional observation. We refer to this technique as variable-domain functional principal component analysis, or vd-FPCA. We fit a trivariate smoother using penalized thin plate splines to estimate the covariance as a function of the domain length. Principal components are then calculated through eigen-decomposition of the estimated covariance matrix, conditional on the domain length. We apply vd-FPCA in two functional data settings, first to daily measures of patient wellness during a stay in the ICU, and second, to accelerometer recordings of repeated in-lab movements. In each example, vd-FPCA uses fewer principal components than typical FPCA methods to explain a greater proportion of the variation in the data. We also find the principal components provide greater flexibility in interpretation with respect to domain length than traditional approaches. These methods are easily implementable through standard statistical software and applicable to a wide variety of datasets involving continuous observations over a variable domain. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
A (Technologically Enhanced) Sound Education: Implementation, Experimentation and Analysis of Raymond Murray Schafer's Exercises

Raymond Murray Schafer is considered one of the leading experts in the field of music ecology. In one of his works, he proposed specific exercises to encourage listening awareness in young students. This paper aims to describe an experimental activity in which three exercises extracted from Schafer’s work have been implemented in the form of computer-based tools, so as to be administered both in a traditional and in a technologically enhanced way. The experimentation has been conducted on 233 primary school students, showing to what extent the adoption of technology can be applied to listening attention and awareness.
Risk Assessment of Soybean-Based Phytoestrogens

Koreans generally consume high quantities of soybean-based foods that contain a variety of phytoestrogens, such as, daidzein, zenistein, and biochalin A. However, phytoestrogens are considered to be potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC), which interfere with the normal function of the hormonal and reproductive systems. Therefore, dietary exposure to soybean-based phytoestrogens is of concern for Koreans, and comparative dietary risk assessments are required between Japanese (high consumers) versus Americans (low consumers). In this study, a relative risk assessment was conducted based upon daily intake levels of soybean-based foods and phytoestrogens in a Korean cohort, and the risks of photoestrogens were compared with those posed by estradiol and other EDC. Koreans approximately 30–49 yr of age consume on average a total of 135.2 g/d of soy-based foods including soybean, soybean sauce, soybean paste, and soybean oil, and 0.51 mg/kg body weight (bw)/d of phytoestrogens such as daidzein and genistein. Using estimated daily intakes (EDI) and estrogenic potencies (EP), margins of safety (MOS) were calculated where 0.05 is for estradiol (MOS value <1, considered to exert a positive estrogenic effect); thus, MOS values of 1.89 for Japanese, 1.96 for Koreans, and 5.55 for Americans indicate that consumption of soybean-based foods exerted no apparent estrogenic effects, as all MOS values were all higher than 1. For other synthetic EDC used as reference values, MOS values were dieldrin 27, nonylphenol 250, butyl benzyl phthalate 321, bisphenol A 1000, biochanin A 2203, and coumesterol 2898. These results suggest that dietary exposure to phytoestrogens, such as daidzein and genistein, poses a relatively higher health risk for humans than synthetic EDC, although MOS values were all greater than 1.
Mutational Analysis and Characterization of Nocardicin C-9′ Epimerase*

The biosynthetic gene cluster for the nocardicin A producer Nocardia uniformis subsp. tsuyamanensis ATCC 21806 was recently identified. Nocardicin A is the most potent of a series of monocyclic β-lactam antibiotics produced by this organism. Its activity has been attributed to a syn-configured oxime moiety and a d-homoseryl side chain attached through an unusual ether linkage to the core nocardicin framework. Notably present in the nocardicin biosynthetic gene cluster is nocJ, encoding a protein with sequence similarity to the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminases. Insertional mutagenesis of nocJ abolished nocardicin A production, while the l-homoseryl isomer, isonocardicin A, was still observed. Expression of the disrupted nocJ gene in trans was sufficient to restore production of nocardicin A in the disruption mutant. Heterologous expression, purification, and in vitro characterization of NocJ by UV spectroscopy, cofactor reduction, chiral HPLC analysis of the products and their exchange behavior in deuterium oxide led to confirmation of its role as the PLP-dependent nocardicin C-9′ epimerase responsible for interconversion of the nocardicin homoseryl side chain in both nocardicin A with isonocardicin A, and nocardicin C with isonocardicin C. NocJ is the first member of a new class of β-lactam aminoacyl side chain epimerases, the first two classes being the evolutionarily distinct prokaryotic PLP-dependent isopenicillin N epimerase and the fungal isopenicillin N epimerase two protein system.
Modeling Information Navigation: Implications for Information Architecture

Previous studies for menu and Web search tasks have suggested differing advice on the optimal number of selections per page. In this article, we examine this discrepancy through the use of a computational model of information navigation that simulates users navigating through a Web site. By varying the quality of the link labels in our simulations, we find that the optimal structure depends on the quality of the labels and are thus able to account for the results in the previous studies. We present additional empirical results to further validate the model and corroborate our findings. Finally we discuss our findings' implications for the information architecture of Web sites.
An AGENDA for testing relational database applications

Database systems play an important role in nearly every modern organization, yet relatively little research effort has focused on how to test them. This paper discusses issues arising in testing database systems, presents an approach to testing database applications, and describes AGENDA, a set of tools to facilitate the use of this approach. In testing such applications, the state of the database before and after the user's operation plays an important role, along with the user's input and the system output. A framework for testing database applications is introduced. A complete tool set, based on this framework, has been prototyped. The components of this system are a parsing tool that gathers relevant information from the database schema and application, a tool that populates the database with meaningful data that satisfy database constraints, a tool that generates test cases for the application, a tool that checks the resulting database state after operations are performed by a database application, and a tool that assists the tester in checking the database application's output. The design and implementation of each component of the system are discussed. The prototype described here is limited to applications consisting of a single SQL query. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effectively Handle the Invalidate Data in Wireless Sensor Network Applications using W-Leach Algorithm

The communication between wireless sensor network applications is mostly energy consuming process, which is miserable in the WSN environment the number of sensor nodes have been placed to update the information about the capturing data with the help of sensory equipment for several computer applications, the data prediction approach has been applied previously for reducing the communication between the sensor nodes, which is achieved by eliminating the propagation of each and every sample data to the server, it is done with the use of a model to evaluate the value of captured data and by communicating with the server whenever the modification in the sampled data it will be able to appropriately described, the wireless sensor network applications burn the power not only for communicating the data even though used for various supervising operations urged by the network layer protocols, An approach to reduce the communication without concede the data characteristics is to foretell the way followed by the data being captured is the core of an any model, to overcome the deficiency in the wireless sensor network application environment to introduce the approach called derivative based prediction (DBP),it can improve the system performance by comparing the captured data each and every time with the suppression value calculated by the server with the help of initially captured data, if the value matches drop the sample data otherwise it gives the information about the changes in the environment, additionally applying the WLEACH algorithm to randomly select the sensor node based on the highest battery power, then the highest battery power node act as a cluster head to collect the information from the other sensor nodes if any sensor node having the lowest battery power, the contents of the node have been transferred to the cluster head based on the highest battery power, which is help to prevent the data loss, improves the accuracy of data and also improves system lifetime. Keywords— Wireless sensor network; Data prediction; Derivative based prediction (DBP); W-LEACH.
Molecular events in germ cell tumours: linking chromosome‐12 gain, acquisition of pluripotency and response to cisplatin

Germ cell tumours (GCTs) represent the leading cause of cancer‐related morbidity and mortality in young men aged 18–35 years. Transformation of the cell of origin results in tumours with several unique properties. GCTs are characterized by gain of the short arm of chromosome 12 in almost all cases, a frequency of genomic alteration not seen in any other solid tumours. GCTs are truly pluripotent, giving rise to cells of somatic and extra‐embryonic lineages, which results in tumours with a spectrum of differentiation that rivals that seen in normal embryogenesis and development. Despite the presence of genomic instability and many oncogenic changes, GCTs are highly curable, even in the metastatic setting, due to their extreme sensitivity to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. In this review we highlight some of the molecular events associated with the genesis, differentiation and chemotherapeutic response of these tumours, and discuss how these alterations are linked with biological features unique to germ cells.
Condylomata acuminata in a boy.

BACKGROUND Human papillomaviruses, or HPV, are etiologic agents of all types of warts, including those associated with sexual transmission. Although previously rare in children, condylomata acuminata in the mouth have been reported for the past 10 to 15 years, and the possibility of sexual abuse needs to be considered. CASE DESCRIPTION A 4-year-old boy with poor dental health presented with a wartlike mass on his upper lip, as well as two similar penile lesions. The lesions, cauliflowerlike and pedunculated in appearance, were excised, underwent biopsies and were subtyped via in situ hybridization. All of the lesions tested positive for HPV subtypes 6 and 11, which are the subtypes most often associated with anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata). Although both parents reported having genital warts, the specific mode of transmission to the child was not determined. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Cases of oral condylomata acuminata in children need to be treated as possible instances of sexual abuse, and it is incumbent on the dentist to alert the appropriate community agency for follow-up.
The Improved Job Scheduling Algorithm of Hadoop Platform

This paper discussed some job scheduling algorithms for Hadoop platform, and proposed a jobs scheduling optimization algorithm based on Bayes Classification viewing the shortcoming of those algorithms which are used. The proposed algorithm can be summarized as follows. In the scheduling algorithm based on Bayes Classification, the jobs in job queue will be classified into bad job and good job by Bayes Classification, when JobTracker gets task request, it will select a good job from job queue, and select tasks from good job to allocate JobTracker, then the execution result will feedback to the JobTracker. Therefore the scheduling algorithm based on Bayes Classification influence the job classification via learning the result of feedback with the JobTracker will select the most appropriate job to execute on TaskTracker every time. We need to consider the feature usage of job resource and the influence of TaskTracker resource on task execution, the former of which we call it job feature, for instance, the average usage rate of CPU and average usage rate of memory, the latter node feature, such as the usage rate of CPU and the size of idle physical memory, the two are called feature variables. Results show that it has a significant improvement in execution efficiency and stability of job scheduling.
Evidence for the Existence of Triple-Negative Variants in the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Population

The MCF-7 line, derived in 1973 from a malignant pleural effusion, is one of the most commonly used culture models for human breast cancer. Despite its long history, MCF-7 is a surprisingly heterogeneous line. We previously showed that if MCF-7 cells were cultured for a prolonged period either in the absence of estrogen or in the presence of the antiestrogen tamoxifen, sub-lines were selected that differed from the parental line in ploidy, mean cell volume, signaling pathway usage, and drug sensitivity. This suggests a process of selection of preexisting variants rather than of adaptation of the parental line. All the sublines were estrogen receptor (ER) positive, raising the question of whether MCF-7 also contains ER negative variants. Here, we have looked for such variants by culturing for a prolonged period in the presence of fulvestrant, an estrogen antagonist that has no estrogen agonist activity. Three sublines were developed, each of which was ER negative, progesterone receptor (PR) negative and expressed only a low level of HER2. Each of the variants differed from the original MCF-7 line in ploidy, modal cell volume, and signaling pathway usage. Control experiments in which cells were cultured for a prolonged period in the absence of estrogen selected for variants that were ER and PR positive. The properties of the triple-negative MCF-7 were compared with those of an existing triple-negative cell line, MDA-MB-231, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)+ SKBr3, as well as from those of the “immortalized” breast epithelial line MCF10A. The results suggest that new variants or phenotypes of MCF-7 might be generated continuously in culture, and by implication this might apply to breast cancer development and even normal breast epithelial development in vivo.
A TELEROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR REMOTE SURGICAL COLLABORATION WITH COMMUNICATION DELAYS

During the last years, a new field has attracted the interest of robotic researchers. Minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy, have grown as a very suitable domain for robotic systems. In this field, one of the easiest application for robotics is the movement of the endoscopic camera. That kind of robots [7][6] aims to move the camera from outside the patient’s abdomen to get the image the surgeon needs from the patient’s inside. This function has been traditionally performed by a human assistant, following the surgeon orders, for the latter to use his two hands for manipulation tasks. Since these procedures can last up to two (or even more) hours, the camera image can suffer a significant loss of stability, what can be prevented by the use of a robot arm [1]. Besides, it provides accurate movements to locate the optic within the abdominal cavity, and handles the endoscope with a steady hand during the surgical operation. A secondary use of these systems, and of many other Computer-Integrated Surgery (CIS) applications, is to extend the robot capabilities to the telesurgery paradigm. In general, robotized instruments can help us to achieve telesurgery, allowing an expert surgeon in a remote place (remote surgeon) to take part in the operation with some kind of telepresence devices. In this sense, Green [4] developed a different concept in order to explore the possibility of a telesurgery scheme, suitable not only for minimally invasive surgery but also for open surgery. This telesurgery concept was later enhanced and taken to a commercial stage by Intuitive Surgical’s Da Vinci system [5]. Remote control of such inspection systems are, however, especially useful for collaboration between specialist surgeons, for telementoring and for teleproctoring. Some of the problems for the diffusion of these tools are the need of operating room adaptation for placing the robot, the need of training the medical staff for managing the mentioned tools, their high cost and, in many cases, the complexity they add to the difficult task of surgical intervention. This work presents a robotic system to assist in laparoscopic surgery moving the camera both locally (by the use of verbal commands) and remotely (which implies working with communication delays). It is a very simple system, what provides a low cost and easy management. Some of the main characteristics of the system are its hardware and software modularity (for a configuration adapted to the application) and its wireless operation, what allows it to be moved manually and at any time, as well as to operate in practically any standard operating room, since it does not have to be plugged in the power supply network. The system also includes wireless voice/data communication media.
The High Calcium, High Phosphorus Rescue Diet Is Not Suitable to Prevent Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Vitamin D Receptor Deficient Mice

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) knockout (KO) mouse is a common model to unravel novel metabolic functions of vitamin D. It is recommended to feed these mice a high calcium (2%), high phosphorus (1.25%) diet, termed rescue diet (RD) to prevent hypocalcaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. First, we characterized the individual response of VDR KO mice to feeding a RD and found that the RD was not capable of normalizing the parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations in each VDR KO mouse. In a second study, we aimed to study whether RD with additional 1 and 2% calcium (in total 3 and 4% of the diet) is able to prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism in the VDR KO mice. Wild type (WT) mice and VDR KO mice that received a normal calcium and phosphorus diet (ND) served as controls. Data demonstrated that the RD was no more efficient than the ND in normalizing PTH levels. An excessive dietary calcium concentration of 4% was required to reduce serum PTH concentrations in the VDR KO mice to PTH levels measured in WT mice. This diet, however, resulted in higher concentrations of circulating intact fibroblast growth factor 23 (iFGF23). To conclude, the commonly used RD is not suitable to normalize the serum PTH in VDR KO mice. Extremely high dietary calcium concentrations are necessary to prevent secondary hyperthyroidism in these mice, with the consequence that iFGF23 concentrations are being raised. Considering that PTH and iFGF23 exert numerous VDR independent effects, data obtained from VDR KO mice cannot be attributed solely to vitamin D.
Predicting the Impact of the Defect on the Overall Environment in Function Based Systems

There is lot of work done in prediction of the fault proneness of the software systems. But, it is the severity of the faults that is more important than number of faults existing in the developed system as the major faults matters most for a developer and those major faults needs immediate attention. In this paper, we tried to predict the level of impact of the existing faults in software systems. Neuro-Fuzzy based predictor models is applied NASA’s public domain defect dataset coded in C programming language. As Correlation-based Feature Selection (CFS) evaluates the worth of a subset of attributes by considering the individual predictive ability of each feature along with the degree of redundancy between them. So, CFS is used for the selecting the best metrics that have highly correlated with level of severity of faults. The results are compared with the prediction results of Logistic Models (LMT) that was earlier quoted as the best technique in [17]. The results are recorded in terms of Accuracy, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The results show that Neuro-fuzzy based model provide a relatively better prediction accuracy as compared to other models and hence, can be used for the modeling of the level of impact of faults in function based systems. Keywords—Software Metrics, Fuzzy, Neuro-Fuzzy, Software Faults, Accuracy, MAE, RMSE.