Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Introduction to the Quaternary of Mallorca

Capitulo en: Angel Gines, Joaquin Gines, Lluis Gomez-Pujol, Bogdan P. Onac, Joan J. Fornos (eds.). Mallorca: a Mediterranean Benchmark for Quaternary Studies. Palma de Mallorca: Societat d'Historia Natural de les Balears, 2012, p.13-53 (Monografies de la Societat d'Historia Natural de les Balears ; 18. ISSN 1696-5426). ISBN 978-84-615-7918-1
Electrophoresis of solid particles at large Peclet numbers

A theory of concentration polarization of a thin electrical double layer (DL) on a spherical particle is developed for the regime of large Peclet numbers which is realized in strong electric fields. In this regime, the concentration field arising outside DL is estimated under influence of diffusion and convection. According to the theory developed, polarization of DL at large Peclet numbers causes a change in the Stern potential, the formation of a dipole moment and the long‐range potential. The diffuse layer deviates strongly from spherical symmetry and electroneutrality, and the screen of the surface charge is provided not only by the diffuse atmosphere but also by the charge induced in the convective‐diffusion layer. The effect of electric field on the induced charge gives rise to the additional electroosmotic slip, that was called “secondary electroosmosis”. Thus, a nonlinear additional term for the Smoluchowski formula of electrophoretic velocity is based on the changes of ζ‐potential and on the secondary electroosmotic slip. The comparison of theory with experimental results revealed considerable fitting.
Multi-Centre Clinical Evaluation of Photothermal Radiometry and Luminescence Correlated with International Benchmarks for Caries Detection

Introduction: A clinical study was initiated to investigate a caries detection device (The Canary System (CS)), based on photothermal radiometry and modulated luminescence (PTR-LUM). The primary objective of this study was to determine if PTR-LUM values (in the form of Canary Numbers; CN) correlate with International Caries Diagnostic and Assessment System (ICDAS II) scores and clinical situations. The secondary objectives of this study were to monitor the safety of PTR-LUM, and collect data to determine how CN values could be used to differentiate healthy from decayed tooth surfaces on a normalized scale. Methods: The trial was a four site, non-blinded study. Data was collected from 92 patients, resulting in 842 scanned tooth surfaces over multiple appointments. Surfaces were assessed according to ICDAS II, and further stratified into five clinical situation categories: 1) healthy surface, 2) non-cavitated white and/or brown spots; 3) caries lesions; 4) cavitation and 5) teeth undergoing remineralization therapy. CN data was analyzed separately for smooth and occlusal surfaces. Using a semi-logarithmic graph to plot raw CN (rCN) and normalized (CN) values, rCN data was normalized into a scale of 0-100. Results: Linear correlations (R2) between CN and ICDAS II groupings for smooth and occlusal surfaces were calculated as 0.9759 and 0.9267, respectively. The mean CN values derived from smooth (20.2±0.6) and occlusal (19±1.0) surfaces identified as healthy had significantly lower CN values (P<0.05) compared with the values from the other clinical situation categories. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the safety of PTR-LUM for clinical application and its ability to distinguish sound from carious tooth surfaces. A clear shift from the baseline in both PTR and LUM in carious enamel was observed depending on the type and nature of the lesion, and correlated to ICDAS II classification codes, which enabled the preliminary development of a Canary Scale.
Agreement between Scheimpflug Photography and A-Scan Ultrasonography in Anterior Segment Ocular Measurements in Children

Purpose. The Scheimpflug principle, as a method of performing biometry on the anterior segment, has not been widely used in the clinical setting compared with ultrasonography. The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement in anterior chamber length and lens thickness measurements between A-scan ultrasonography and Scheimpflug photography. Methods. A total of 252 children aged between 6 and 12 years participated in this study. All subjects had instillation of cycloplegic eye drops before measurement. Scheimpflug photography and A-scan ultrasonography were performed in this sequence on the same day. The anterior segment length on the Scheimpflug images was taken as the axial corneal thickness added to the anterior chamber depth. A-scan ultrasonography was performed by placing the probe on the corneas after topical anesthesia. Differences were obtained by subtracting the A-scan ultrasonography measurements from the Scheimpflug measurements. Data were analyzed using difference vs. mean plots. Results. For anterior chamber length, the mean difference between the two methods was −0.03 ± 0.16 mm, with 95% limits of agreement of −0.35 to +0.30 mm. However, Scheimpflug readings were greater than that of ultrasonography for smaller measurements, and the opposite was true for larger measurements. For lens thickness, the mean difference was −0.2 ± 0.10 mm, with 95% limits of agreement of −0.40 to +0.00 mm. For the measurement of lens thickness, adding a correction factor of 0.2 mm to Scheimpflug’s readings should replace that of A-scan readings reasonably well. Conclusions. The readings obtained from these two methods of biometry must be used with the knowledge of the instruments. We discuss the possible reasons for the difference in readings obtained using these two instruments.
Community Detection in Complicated Network Based on the Multi-view Weighted Signed Permanence

This paper addresses the community detection problem in multi-view weighted signed network. Although some methods have been developed to detect communities in multi-view network, they are mostly designed for the unweighted unsigned case. There is still a lack of methods for multi-view weighted signed network. Since an increasing number of multi-view weighted signed networks are being generated in some applications, there is a necessity to develop a community detection approach to reveal the complicated structure of such networks. In this paper, we extend the single-view permanence model to the multi-view weighted signed case, which is a node-level model by considering four factors based on the influence of the nodes, including internal connections, total connections, maximum external connections and internal clustering coefficient. Extensive experiments are conducted on some networks to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach.
Deep Character-Level Neural Machine Translation By Learning Morphology

Neural machine translation aims at building a single large neural network that can be trained to maximize translation performance. The encoder-decoder architecture with an attention mechanism achieves a translation performance comparable to the existing state-of-the-art phrase-based systems. However, the use of large vocabulary becomes the bottleneck in both training and improving the performance. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture which learns morphology by using two recurrent networks and a hierarchical decoder which translates at character level. This gives rise to a deep character-level model consisting of six recurrent networks. Such a deep model has two major advantages. It avoids the large vocabulary issue radically; at the same time, it is more efficient in training than word-based models. Our model obtains a higher BLEU score than the bpe-based model after training for one epoch on En-Fr and En-Cs translation tasks. Further analyses show that our model is able to learn morphology.
T2-TrpRS inhibits preretinal neovascularization and enhances physiological vascular regrowth in OIR as assessed by a new method of quantification.

PURPOSE A carboxyl-terminal fragment of tryptophan tRNA synthetase (T2-TrpRS) has demonstrated potent angiostatic activity during retinal developmental neovascularization in vivo. The effects of T2-TrpRS on pathologic neovascularization were tested and compared with a potent VEGF antagonist using the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS C57BL/6J mice were transiently exposed to hyperoxic conditions (75% O2) between postnatal day 7 (P7) and P12 and then returned to room air. Retinas were isolated, blood vessels stained with isolectin Griffonia simplicifolia, images of retinal whole-mounts acquired, and the area of vascular obliteration and extent of preretinal neovascularization quantified. This method was compared to the commonly used method of OIR quantification in which the number of pre-inner limiting membrane (ILM) nuclei is counted in serial sections of whole eyes. To assess the angiostatic activity of T2-TrpRS, mice were injected intravitreally at P12 with either T2-TrpRS, a VEGF aptamer, or vehicle (PBS) alone, and the effects on area of obliteration and on preretinal neovascular tuft formation were assessed. RESULTS Using a modified method of quantification in the mouse OIR model based on images of isolectin-stained retinal wholemounts, we were able to assess reliably and consistently both vascular obliteration and preretinal neovascular tuft formation in the same specimen. T2-TrpRS demonstrated potent angiostatic activity, reducing the appearance of pathologic neovascular tufts by up to 90%. Surprisingly, T2-TrpRS also enhanced physiological revascularization of the obliterated retinal vasculature, reducing these areas by up to 60% compared with PBS-injected eyes. In contrast, the VEGF antagonist, while similarly reducing preretinal neovascular tuft formation, did not enhance revascularization of the obliterated areas. CONCLUSIONS Use of a rapid, quantifiable method to assess the effect of T2-TrpRS on retinal angiogenesis in the OIR model demonstrates the importance of a quantification system that permits simultaneous analysis of a drug's effect on vascular obliteration as well as on preretinal neovascularization. The results obtained using this method suggest enhanced clinical value for compounds such as T2-TrpRS that not only inhibit pathologic neovascularization, but also facilitate physiological revascularization of ischemic tissue.
Computational Statistics and Data Analysis

Detecting fraudulent plastic card transactions is an important and challenging problem. The challenges arise from a number of factors including the sheer volume of transactions financial institutions have to process, the asynchronous and heterogeneous nature of transactions, and the adaptive behaviour of fraudsters. In this fraud detection problem the performance of a supervised two-class classification approach is compared with performance of an unsupervised one-class classification approach. Attention is focussed primarily on one-class classification approaches. Useful representations of transaction records, and ways of combining different one-class classifiers are described. Assessment of performance for such problems is complicated by the need for timely decision making. Performance assessment measures are discussed, and the performance of a number of one-and two-class classification methods is assessed using two large, real world personal banking data sets.
Film archives as a future enhancement of digital cinema technology

Starting from the point of view that digital cinema offers an enhanced viewing experience for audiences, content flexibility, and distribution cost savings, this work deals with film archives as a future enhancement of digital cinema technology. Since the transition from physical media to electronic one represents a paradigm shift in video compression techniques and applications, archival requirements together with the system architecture are analyzed. Features extractions for shot cut detection in the film material are presented, too. Some simulation results for JPEG 2000 as well as H.264 standards including PSNR versus bit rate for the 4K resolution content and the low resolution 512 sequence conclude the paper.
Vitrectomy with silicone oil or long-acting gas in eyes with giant retinal tears: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE To determine if either silicone oil or perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas is superior to the other in the treatment of giant retinal tears complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy. METHODS Forty-seven eyes with giant retinal tears were treated in a prospective randomized fashion. Twenty-two eyes were randomized to C3F8 gas and 25 eyes were randomized to silicone oil. Follow-up of 60 months is reported. Of the silicone oil-treated eyes, 9 had oil retained in the eye; oil was removed from the remaining 16 eyes. Successful anatomic attachment of the retina, final visual acuity, and surgical complications were the main outcome measures. RESULTS There were no differences between the groups in any of the main outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that silicone oil and C3F8 gas are equal in most respects for the management of giant retinal tears with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Regulation of proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adventitial fibroblasts in collagen lattices

We compared the proliferation of bovine aortic cells grown in collagen lattices. Smooth muscle cells continued to divide for 2 weeks while adventitial fibroblasts ceased to divide after 4–5 days. Endothelial cells did not proliferate within an untreated collagen lattice; however, if the lattice was covered with culture medium, endothelial cells populated its surface and proliferated to form a monolayer. We also found that both smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, like fibroblasts, are able to contract a collagen lattice to a small fraction of its original volume, although endothelial cells are able to do so only if the lattice is covered with culture medium.
Impacts of the Affordable Care Act on Health Insurance Coverage in Medicaid Expansion and Non-Expansion States

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) aimed to achieve nearly universal health insurance coverage in the United States through a combination of insurance market reforms, mandates, subsidies, health insurance exchanges, and Medicaid expansions, most of which took effect in 2014. This paper estimates the causal effects of the ACA on health insurance coverage in 2014 using data from the American Community Survey. We utilize difference-in-difference-in-differences models that exploit cross-sectional variation in the intensity of treatment arising from state participation in the Medicaid expansion and local area pre-ACA uninsured rates. This strategy allows us to identify the effects of the ACA in both Medicaid expansion and non-expansion states. Our preferred specification suggests that, at the average pre-treatment uninsured rate, the full ACA increased the proportion of residents with insurance by 5.9 percentage points compared to 2.8 percentage points in states that did not expand Medicaid. Private insurance expansions from the ACA were due to increases in both employer-provided and non-group coverage. The coverage gains from the full ACA were largest for those without a college degree, non-whites, young adults, unmarried individuals, and those without children in the home. We find no evidence that the Medicaid expansion crowded out private coverage.
Modeling waveform generator of 77 GHz automotive radar for multi-target detection

This paper describes a waveform generator for 77 GHz automotive radar systems based on a fractional N-Phase Locked Loop (N-PLL) with a third-order delta-sigma (ΔΣ). A control unit is used to control the ΔΣ modulator to vary the output frequency. The behaviour of the generation is simulated in Simulink and ten output frequencies with a slight difference are generated. The proposed generator has the potential to generate a very small frequency difference with the flexibility in frequency shift, which is a good choice in limited bandwidth cases like automotive radar systems.
Desbotone en diferentes estadios de desarrollo del botón floral en clavel estándar (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) var. Nelson

Los mayores costos de produccion del clavel estandar se asocian con la mano de obra que se utiliza en las labores del cultivo; el desbotone es una de las actividades que demanda mayor uso de mano de obra y tiempo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del desbotone en diferentes estadios de desarrollo del boton principal, sobre la produccion y calidad en poscosecha del clavel estandar variedad Nelson en el primer pico de cosecha. Se evaluaron los estadios conocidos popularmente como boton ‘arveja’, ‘garbanzo’, ‘barril’, ‘estrella’, ‘bala’ y ‘punto de corte’. Las variables medidas incluyeron produccion total a primera cosecha, grados de calidad y algunos criterios de clasificacion en poscosecha. Se concluyo que el desbotone en los estadios evaluados no influye significativamente en la produccion total del clavel en la primera cosecha. Sin embargo, en la clasificacion por grados de calidad, se encontraron diferencias significativas: el desbotone en boton arveja’, ‘garbanzo’ y ‘barril’ mostro mayores promedios en el numero de tallos grado ‘select’, mientras que el desbotone en boton ‘estrella’, ‘bala’ y ‘punto de corte’ reflejo mayores promedios para los grados ‘fancy’ estandar y nacional. El desbotone en diferentes estadios de desarrollo del boton principal afecto el numero de tallos torcidos, sin aumentar significativamente el numero de tallos debiles. El ensayo permitio definir que la etapa critica para el desbotone son los estadios de desarrollo del boton principal previos al estadio ‘barril’, pues pasado este punto disminuye la calidad del producto.
Impaired low‐density lipoprotein receptor activity in chronic B‐lymphocytic leukaemia cells

Cellular degradation of 125I‐labelled low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) was analysed in freshly isolated blood mononuclear cells from 26 patients with chronic B‐lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 8 healthy subjects, and in cells following 1, 2 and 3 d of culture in medium containing 10% human lipoprotein‐deficient serum (LPDS). Fresh CLL cells had lower LDL degradation rates than mononuclear cells from healthy subjects (p < 0.01). The LDL degradation rates increased during culture (p < 0.001), but to a lesser degree in CLL cells than in normal blood mononuclear cells (p < 0.001). The cellular degradation rate of 125I‐LDL was markedly inhibited by an excess of unlabelled LDL, indicating that most of the 125I‐LDL that was degraded had been internalized following binding to the high‐affinity cell surface receptor. There was a positive correlation between the LPDS‐induced LDL degradation of CLL cells and the thymidine uptake in CLL cell cultures with (r = 0.70, p < 0.001) and without (r = 0.59, p < 0.01) the B cell mitogen, Epstein‐Barr virus. The results indicate that LDL receptors might be involved in the regulation of CLL cell proliferation.
IR-UWB radar based near-field intentional eyelid movement sensing under fixed head and body motions

In this paper, we introduce a method for sensing intentional eyelid movement using an impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar. Since it is the first step of the study, we assume that eyes are in the near-field and all the motions, except eyelid movement, are fixed. The measurement of eyelid movement can be utilized in a human computer interface or for the recognition of a driver's drowsiness. If the eyelids move up or down, the amplitude and frequency of radar signals change. We can observe these changes in a three-dimensional graph of raw radar data. Intentional eyelid movements produce some peaks or nulls on the graph. We used two methods to analyze the patterns of eyelid movement. Both methods involve fast Fourier transform (FFT) and exploit a pulse Doppler processing technique of radar signals. Thus, we can calculate the frequency of intentional eyelid movement using these methods. The calculated frequency corresponds to the number of peaks in the raw radar graph.
Expression of the lactate permease gene JEN1 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactate permease induction by lactic acid took place after transcription of JEN1. JEN1 transcripts were undetectable 10 min after the addition of a pulse of glucose to YP-lactic acid exponentially growing cells, while the permease activity ceased after 50 min. A value of 15.1 min was found for the half-life of JEN1 mRNA, showing the involvement of a glucose-induced mechanism of mRNA degradation. The rapid decline of the carrier activity upon glucose addition points to the existence of an irreversible carbon catabolite inactivation process. Isogenic strains, deleted in genes encoding enzymes involved in lactic acid metabolism, did not express JEN1, indicating an association of the intracellular metabolism of the acid to the transcription of the permease gene. The carbon sources capable of inducing JEN1 transcription were dependent on the strain. Distinct posttranslation mechanisms appeared to be involved in the lactate carrier activity.
Application of Aluminium Dross and Glass Waste for the Production of Expanded Clay Aggregate

This research provides possibilities to reuse solid waste from aluminium scrap recycling factories and municipal solid waste (MSW) container glass for the production of lightweight aggregates. The aluminium dross residue is increasing along with the increase in the aluminum production. Similarly the problem of container glass rational utilization is a topical problem over the world. The presented research is focused to solve problems concerning to both industrial and municipal waste collection. The production of expanded clay aggregate was simulated in the laboratory with pilot rotary furnace and electric furnace. Expanded clay aggregate was produced with different glass waste: aluminium dross: clay mix ratios, where aluminium dross acted as an extra pore-forming agent and glass waste as a fluxing agent. Pore structure was abundant ranging from irregular to spherical, resulting in low apparent density values, which directly was affected with the firing temperature up to 1200 °C and time, controlled with the rotation velocity and furnace incline. The main objectives of this experimental study are to examine the effects of aluminium dross and glass waste addition to the physical and microstructure properties of expanded clay aggregate sintered on a laboratory scale.
A novel gene conserved from yeast to humans is involved in sterol biosynthesis.

The ERG28 gene was originally identified by microarray expression profiling as possibly involved in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sterol pathway. Microarray analyses suggested that the transcription pattern of ERG28 closely followed that of genes involved in sterol synthesis. ERG28 was also found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Arabidopsis as well as humans, and in the latter was shown to be highly expressed in adult testis tissue. All four proteins contain potential transmembrane domain(s). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of an ERG28-deleted S. cerevisiae strain (which is slow growing but not auxotrophic for ergosterol) indicates a lesion in sterol C-4 demethylation. Sterol profiles indicate accumulation of 3-keto and carboxylic acid sterol intermediates, which are involved in removing the two C-4 methyl groups from the sterol A ring. Similar intermediates have previously been demonstrated to accumulate in erg26 (sterol dehydrogenase/decarboxylase) and erg27 (3-ketoreductase) mutants in yeast. We speculate that the role of the Erg28 protein (Erg28p) may be either to tether Erg26p and Erg27p to the endoplasmic reticulum or to facilitate interaction between these proteins. -Gachotte, D. , J. Eckstein, R. Barbuch, T. Hughes, C. Roberts, and M. Bard. A novel gene conserved from yeast to humans is involved in sterol biosynthesis. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 150;-154.