Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel model to explain dietary factors affecting hypocalcaemia in dairy cattle

Most dairy cows exhibit different degrees of hypocalcaemia around calving because the gestational Ca requirements shift to the disproportionately high Ca requirements of lactation. Ca homeostasis is a robust system that effectively adapts to changes in Ca demand or supply. However, these adaptations often are not rapid enough to avoid hypocalcaemia. A delay in the reconfiguration of intestinal Ca absorption and bone resorption is probably the underlying cause of this transient hypocalcaemia. Several dietary factors that affect different aspects of Ca metabolism are known to reduce the incidence of milk fever. The present review describes the interactions between nutrition and Ca homeostasis using observations from cattle and extrapolations from other species and aims to quantitatively model the effects of the nutritional approaches that are used to induce dry cows into an early adaptation of Ca metabolism. The present model suggests that reducing dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD) increases Ca clearance from the blood by dietary induction of systemic acidosis, which results in hypercalciuria due to the loss of function of the renal Ca transient receptor potential vanilloid channel TRPV5. Alternatively, reducing the gastrointestinal availability of Ca by reducing dietary Ca or its nutritional availability will also induce the activation of Ca metabolism to compensate for basal blood Ca clearance. Our model of gastrointestinal Ca availability as well as blood Ca clearance in the transition dairy cow allowed us to conclude that the most common dietary strategies for milk fever prevention may have analogous modes of action that are based on the principle of metabolic adaptation before calving.
Reliability Analysis of Component Software Based on Testing Data Transformation

We propose an approach of component-based software reliability analysis which includes the benefits of both time domain, and structure based approaches. This approach overcomes the deficiency of existing black box and white box techniques that fall short of addressing repair, and internal system structures simultaneously. Our solution adopts a method of testing data transformation to cover both methods, and is expected to improve reliability prediction. This paradigm starts with consideration of component-based software testing process in view of the assumption of NHPP models. It accounts for software structures by the way of modeling the testing process. According to the testing model it builds the mapping relation from the testing profile to the operational profile of component-based software which enables the testing data transformation to build the reliability dataset required by non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) models. At last an example is evaluated to validate and show the effectiveness of this approach.
Collection Path Ant Colony Optimization for Multi-agent Static Task Allocation ?

Mutual cooperation in Multi-Agent Systems is an important means to implement complex applications. The static task allocation is one of the key issues in agent cooperation mechanism. The latency of the network infrastructure, dynamic topology and node heterogeneity are important features of the agent system, and they bring new challenges to the static task allocation in multi-agent environment. Based on the traditional parallel computing task allocation method and Ant Colony Optimization algorithm, this paper proposes Collection Path Ant Colony Optimization, trying to find the globally optimal task allocation, and reduce the time complexity. We modify the heuristic function and the update strategy in the Ant-Cycle Model; establish three-dimensional path pheromone storage space. The experimental results on a multi-agent static task allocation show that CPACO is effective in system performance and reliability.
DARWIN: a framework for machine learning and computer vision research and development

We present an open-source platform-independent C++ framework for machine learning and computer vision research. The framework includes a wide range of standard machine learning and graphical models algorithms as well as reference implementations for many machine learning and computer vision applications. The framework contains Matlab wrappers for core components of the library and an experimental graphical user interface for developing and visualizing machine learning data flows.
Multiple-Agent Planning Systems

We analyze problems confronted by computer agents that synthesize plans that take into account (and employ) the plans of other, similar, cooperative agents. From the point of view of each of these agents, the others are dynamic entities that possess information about the world, have goals, make plans to achieve these goals, and execute these plans. Thus, each agent must represent not only the usual information about objects in the world and the preconditions and effects of its own actions, but it must also represent and reason about what other agents believe and what they may do. We describe a planning system that addresses these issues and show how it solves a sample problem.
Learning conditional probabilities from incomplete databases - An experimental comparison

This paper compares three methods | em algorithm, Gibbs sampling, and Bound and Collapse (bc) | to estimate conditional probabilities from incomplete databases in a controlled experiment. Results show a substantial equivalence of the estimates provided by the three methods and a dramatic gain in e ciency using bc. Reprinted from: Proceedings of Uncertainty 99: Seventh International Workshop on Arti cial Intelligence and Statistics, Morgan Kaufmann, San Mateo, CA, 1999. Address: Marco Ramoni, Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom MK7 6AA. phone: +44 (1908) 655721, fax: +44 (1908) 653169, email: m.ramoni@open.ac.uk, url: http://kmi.open.ac.uk/people/marco. Learning Conditional Probabilities from Incomplete Data: An Experimental Comparison Marco Ramoni Knowledge Media Institute The Open University Paola Sebastiani Statistics Department The Open University Abstract This paper compares three methods | em algorithm, Gibbs sampling, and Bound and Collapse (bc) | to estimate conditional probabilities from incomplete databases in a controlled experiment. Results show a substantial equivalence of the estimates provided by the three methods and a dramatic gain in e ciency using bc.
Multivariate statistical projection methods to perform robust feature extraction and classification in surface grading

We present an innovative way to simultaneously perform feature extraction and classification for the quality-control issue of surface grading by applying two multivariate statistical projection methods: SIMCA and PLS-DA. These tools have been applied to compress the color texture data that describe the visual appearance of surfaces (soft color texture descriptors) and to directly perform classification using statistics and predictions from the projection models. Experiments have been carried out using an extensive ce- ramic images database (VxC TSG) comprised of 14 different mod- els, 42 surface classes, and 960 pieces. A factorial experimental design evaluated all the combinations of several factors affecting the accuracy rate. These factors include the tile model, color repre- sentation scheme (CIE Lab, CIE Luv, and RGB), and compression/ classification approach (SIMCA and PLS-DA). Moreover, a logistic regression model is fitted from the experiments to compute accu- racy estimates and study the effect of the factors on the accuracy rate. Results show that PLS-DA performs better than SIMCA, achieving a mean accuracy rate of 98.95%. These results outper- form those obtained in a previous work where the soft color texture descriptors in combination with the CIE Lab color space and the k-NN classifier achieved an accuracy rate of 97.36%. © 2008 SPIE
Remembering Routes: Streets and Landmarks

Summary: Route directions are often given on request in situ, requiring the inquirer to remember the directions. Previous work has shown that landmarks are more memorable than street names. However, in those studies, the names of landmarks were more vivid and distinctive than the street names. In two experiments, we disentangled vividness/distinctiveness from landmark/street. The major factor in memorability of routes was vividness/distinctiveness, with a slight advantage to streets. Route directions were remembered better when either the landmarks, the street names or both were more vivid and distinctive. Those high in mental imagery read the descriptions faster and remembered them better. Thus, vividness in the stimuli and visual imagery in the mind augment constructing and remembering spatial mental models because forming spatial mental models relies in part on spatial structure but also on associative learning, and vividness and visual imagery promote associative learning. The findings have implications for learning in general. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Epidemiology, Sequence Types, and Plasmid Analyses of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains in Israel

ABSTRACT Sporadic isolates of carbapenem-resistant KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated in Tel Aviv Medical Center during 2005 and 2006, parallel to the emergence of the KPC-3-producing K. pneumoniae sequence type 258 (ST 258). We aimed to study the molecular epidemiology of these isolates and to characterize their blaKPC-carrying plasmids and their origin. Ten isolates (8 KPC-2 and 2 KPC-3 producing) were studied. All isolates were extremely drug resistant. They possessed the blaKPC gene and varied in their additional beta-lactamase contents. The KPC-2-producing strains belonged to three different sequence types: ST 340 (n = 2), ST 277 (n = 2), and a novel sequence type, ST 376 (n = 4). Among KPC-3-producing strains, a single isolate (ST 327) different from ST 258 was identified, but both strains carried the same plasmid (pKpQIL). The KPC-2-encoding plasmids varied in size (45 to 95 kb) and differed among each of the STs. Two of the Klebsiella blaKPC-2-carrying plasmids were identical to plasmids from Escherichia coli, suggesting a common origin of these plasmids. These data indicate that KPC evolution in K. pneumoniae is related to rare events of interspecies spread of blaKPC-2-carrying plasmids from E. coli followed by limited clonal spread, whereas KPC-3 carriage in this species is related almost strictly to clonal expansion of ST 258 carrying pKpQIL.
Compiler-directed high-level energy estimation and optimization

The demand for high-performance architectures and powerful battery-operated mobile devices has accentuated the need for power optimization. While many power-oriented hardware optimization techniques have been proposed and incorporated in current systems, the increasingly critical power constraints have made it essential to look for software-level optimizations as well. The compiler can play a pivotal role in addressing the power constraints of a system as it wields a significant influence on the application's runtime behavior. This paper presents a novel Energy-Aware Compilation (EAC) framework that estimates and optimizes energy consumption of a given code, taking as input the architectural and technological parameters, energy models, and energy/performance/code size constraints. The framework has been validated using a cycle-accurate architectural-level energy simulator and found to be within 6% error margin while providing significant estimation speedup. The estimation speed of EAC is the key to the number of optimization alternatives that can be explored within a reasonable compilation time. As shown in this paper, EAC allows compiler writers and system designers to investigate power-performance tradeoffs of traditional compiler optimizations and to develop energy-conscious high-level code transformations.
A Pipeline Approach for Syntactic and Semantic Dependency Parsing

This paper describes our system for syntactic and semantic dependency parsing to participate the shared task of CoNLL-2008. We use a pipeline approach, in which syntactic dependency parsing, word sense disambiguation, and semantic role labeling are performed separately: Syntactic dependency parsing is performed by a tournament model with a support vector machine; word sense disambiguation is performed by a nearest neighbour method in a compressed feature space by probabilistic latent semantic indexing; and semantic role labeling is performed by a an online passive-aggressive algorithm. The submitted result was 79.10 macro-average F1 for the joint task, 87.18% syntactic dependencies LAS, and 70.84 semantic dependencies F1. After the deadline, we constructed the other configuration, which achieved 80.89 F1 for the joint task, and 74.53 semantic dependencies F1. The result shows that the configuration of pipeline is a crucial issue in the task.
Moving On Up: Data and Experience Doing CMM-Based Process Improvement

An analysis of Software Process Assessment results from 48 organizations undertaking 2 or more assessments is presented in this report. The analysis focuses on the time required to increase process maturity, as well as the most prevalent process issues faced by the 48 organizations. Results of the analysis are used to provide guidance to organizations embarking on a software process improvement effort.
Ação Civil Pública: Tutela Jurisdicional Subjetiva e Direito Material Postulado no cumprimento do Artigo 5º, Inciso LXXVIII e § 1º da Constituição Federal de 1988

ACAO CIVIL PUBLICA: TUTELA JURISDICIONAL SUBJETIVA E DIREITO MATERIAL POSTULADO NO CUMPRIMENTO DO ARTIGO 5o, INCISO LXXVIII E § 1o DA CONSTITUICAO FEDERAL DE 1988 PUBLIC CIVIL ACTION : SUBJECTIVE JURISDICTIONAL PROTECTION AND SUBSTANTIVE LAW PURSUED IN COMPLIANCE WITH BOTH CLAUSE LXXVIII AND FIRST PARAGRAPH OF ARTICLE 5 OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION OF 1988 Gilberto Sturmer Juliano Gianechini Fernandes RESUMO: O presente texto tem por finalidade analisar o funcionamento da Acao Civil Publica como meio processual utilizado para a tutela dos direitos materiais por meio de seus postulados. Verificar-se-a que tal instrumento busca a concretizacao dos Direitos assegurados pelaConstituicao Federal de 1988 e legislacao infraconstitucional. Ao final, busca-se analisar se esse meio processual de fato atende a determinacao constitucional de aplicacao imediata dos direitos fundamentais sob a otica de uma duracao razoavel do processo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Acao Civil Publica; Tutela Jurisdicional Subjetiva; Direito Material; Constituicao Federal de 1988. ABSTRACT: This paper aims to analyze the functioning of the Public Civil Action as a procedural means used for the protection of substantive rights through its postulates. It will also be verified that such instrument seeks the realization of the rights guaranteed by the Federal Constitution of 1988 and infra-constitutional legislation. At the end, we seek to examine if this legal remedy actually meets the constitutional determination of immediate application of fundamental rights from the perspective of a reasonable length of the process. KEYWORDS: Public Civil Action; Subjective Jurisdictional Protection; Substantive Law; Federal Constitution of 1988. SUMARIO: Introducao. 1. Breves Consideracoes sobre a Acao Civil Publica. 2. Tipologia dos Direitos Metaindividuais: Breves Conceitos de Direitos Difusos, Coletivos Stricto Sensu e Individuais Homogeneos. 3. A Acao Civil Publica e sua Aplicabilidade no Direito Processual Civil Brasileiro. 4. Acao Civil Publica e sua Relacao com as Normas do § 1o e Inciso LXXVIII do Artigo 5o daConstituicao Federal de 1988. Consideracoes finais. Referencias.
Mobile symbiotic interaction between a user and a Personal Assistant agent

In this paper, we propose a concept of an Mobile symbiotic interaction (MSI) between a user and a Personal Assistant (PA) which is an agent program that watches over the particular user using sensors deployed in a ubiquitous environment. The PA un derstands user's behavior through signals from the MSI. It is prototyped using the OMAS platform to aim at enhancing a relation between a user and his/her own PA by verbal interface and non-verbal interface which are realized in the proposed MSI.
Supplementary Material for the paper "Tempo Estimation from the EEG signal during Perception and Imagination of Music"

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings taken during the perception and the imagination of music contain information to estimate the tempo of a musical piece. Five participants listened to and imagined 12 short clips taken from familiar musical pieces – each 7s-16s long. Basic EEG preprocessing techniques were used to remove artifacts and a dynamic beat tracker was used to estimate average tempo. Autocorrelation curves were computed to investigate the periodicity seen in the average EEG waveforms, and the peaks from these curves were found to be proportional to stimulus measure length. As the tempo at which participants imagine may vary over time we used an aggregation technique that allowed us to estimate the tempo over the course of an entire trial. We propose future directions involving convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that will allow us to apply our results to build a brain-computer interface.
Use Of Video-Based Cases As A Medium To Develop Critical Thinking Skills In Health Science Students

One learning strategy that, at present, has not been widely used in graduate Physical Therapy education is “video based cases”. The use of visually unfolding case-based experience provides students a unique opportunity to experience real patient scenarios in their classroom environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide data on student perceptions of usefulness of the video based case experience in promoting their ability to organize, prioritize, and integrate content knowledge for the development of effective critical thinking skills.
Upstream Regulatory Role for XIAP in Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis

ABSTRACT X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is an endogenous inhibitor of cell death that functions by suppressing caspases 3, 7, and 9. Here we describe the establishment of Jurkat-derived cell lines stably overexpressing either full-length XIAP or a truncation mutant of XIAP that can only inhibit caspase 9. Characterization of these cell lines revealed that following CD95 activation full-length XIAP supported both short- and long-term survival as well as proliferative capacity, in contrast to the truncation mutant but similar to Bcl-xL. Full-length XIAP was also able to inhibit CD95-mediated caspase 3 processing and activation, the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, whereas the XIAP truncation mutant failed to prevent any of these cell death events. Finally, suppression of XIAP levels by RNA interference sensitized Bcl-xL-overexpressing cells to death receptor-induced apoptosis. These data demonstrate for the first time that full-length XIAP inhibits caspase activation required for mitochondrial amplification of death receptor signals and that, by acting upstream of mitochondrial activation, XIAP supports the long-term proliferative capacity of cells following CD95 stimulation.
Current Trust Inference Mechanisms in Web Based Social Networks

Problem statement: Nowadays, web based social networks have gained a lot of attention. Over one billion users participate, communicate and share information on these networks based on trust. Approach: One important issue on online social networks is h ow much one person can trust another person in the network whom they are not dir ectly connected. Scholars around the world have introduced a variety of models and algorithms for i nferring trust in online social networks. This stud y takes a deep look at current methods, their advanta ges and disadvantages. Results: All current methods have weaknesses and cannot be considered the best solution for inferring trust. Conclusion: Considering the fact that web based social networks are based on trust upon participants, a more accurate and fast algorithm is needed to infer trus tworthiness and help users gain valuable informatio n.
Gemcitabine‐induced radiation recall dermatitis in a patient with resistant Hodgkin lymphoma

Letters and correspondence submitted for possible publication must be identified as such. Text length must not exceed 500 words and five bibliographic references. A single concise figure or table may be included if it is essential to support the communication. Letters not typed double-spaced will not be considered for publication. Letters not meeting these specifications will not be returned to authors. Letters to the Editor are utilized to communicate a single novel observation or finding. Correspondence is to be used to supplement or constructively comment on the contents of a publication in the journal and cannot exceed the restrictions for Letters to the Editor. The Editor reserves the right to shorten text, delete objectional comments, and make other changes to comply with the style of the journal. Permission for publication must be appended as a postscript. Submissions must be sent to Jay Umbreit, MD, PhD, Editor of Brief Reports/Letters to Editors, American Journal of Hematology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, 1365-B Clifton Road, Suite B4100, Atlanta, GA 30322 to permit rapid consideration for publication.
Towards Heterogeneous Automatic MT Error Analysis

This work studies the viability of performing heterogeneous automatic MT error analyses. Error analysis is, undoubtly, one of the most crucial stages in the development cycle of an MT system. However, often not enough attention is paid to this process. The reason is that performing an accurate error analysis requires intensive human labor. In order to speed up the error analysis process, we suggest partially automatizing it by having automatic evaluation metrics play a more active role. For that purpose, we have compiled a large and heterogeneous set of features at different linguistic levels and at different levels of granularity. Through a practical case study, we show how these features provide an effective means of ellaborating interpretable and detailed automatic reports of translation quality.
Design of Optical Lens for Quasi-diffraction-free beam using Particle Swarm Optimization

Quasi-diffraction-free beams are produced by an annular aperture placed in the back focal plane of a thin lens. Since the width of the annular aperture is narrow, the energy efficiency of the beam is very low. In this paper, the device for generating the quasi-diffraction-free beams using an axicon lens with a corn-shaped notch is proposed to improve its energy efficiency. The geometrical parameters of the axicon lens are determined by the optimization algorism (Particle Swarm Optimization). The numerically calculated results are shown.
Testing the Stability of Crime Patterns: Implications for Theory and Policy

Recent research in the ‘‘crime at places’’ literature is concerned with smaller units of analysis than conventional spatial criminology. An important issue is whether the spatial patterns observed in conventional spatial criminology focused on neighborhoods remain when the analysis shifts to street segments. In this article, the authors use a new spatial point pattern test that identifies the similarity in spatial point patterns. This test is local in nature such that the output can be mapped showing where differences are present. Using this test, the authors investigate the stability of crime patterns moving from census tracts to dissemination areas to street segments. The authors find that general crime patterns are somewhat similar at all spatial scales, but finer scales of analysis reveal significant variations within larger units. This result demonstrates the importance of analyzing crime patterns at small scales and has important implications for further theoretical development and policy implementation.