Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Team SKL's Strategy and Experience in RITE2

This paper describes the strategies and systems of the team SKL in the RITE2 workshop. We implemented three different systems. SKL-01 was designed by two-step classification strategy. Step1 assigns a default class to a given text pair by applying a simple rule based on an overlap measure; Step2 examines the necessity of overwriting the default class by applying heuristic rules. In contrast, SKL-02/03 were designed by a different strategy, which focused on the development of character-based features. SKL-02 is a SVM-based system using these features, and SKL-03 works by hand-tuned decision rules. In the MC subtask of the formal run, our all three systems ranked the top three.
Managing Complexity: Applying the Conscious-Competence Model to Experiential Learning

The concept of complexity is central to the literature on simulation and experiential learning. This paper considers the evolution of the construct, and suggests how it might be managed to enhance learning effectiveness. Specifically, it suggests that Bloomâ€™s revised taxonomy of educational objectives provides a useful framework for understanding the cognitive aspects of the complexity problem. It then discusses the complementary role played by the traditional affective and psychomotor taxonomies in managing it, integrating them together through the consciousness competency model of experiential learning.
Glucose control, organ failure, and mortality in pediatric intensive care*

Objective: In ventilated children, to determine the prevalence of hyperglycemia, establish whether it is associated with organ failure, and document glycemic control practices in Australasian pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Design: Prospective inception cohort study. Setting: All nine specialist PICUs in Australia and New Zealand. Patients: Children ventilated >12 hrs excluding those with diabetic ketoacidosis, on home ventilation, undergoing active cardiopulmonary resuscitation on admission, or with do-not-resuscitate orders. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: All blood glucose measurements for up to 14 days, clinical and laboratory values needed to calculate Paediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) scores, and insulin use were recorded in 409 patients. Fifty percent of glucose measurements were >6.1 mmol/L, with 89% of patients having peak values >6.1 mmol/L. The median time to peak blood glucose was 7 hrs. Hyperglycemia was defined by area under the glucose-time curve >6.1 mmol/L above the sample median. Thirteen percent of hyperglycemic subjects died vs. 3% of nonhyperglycemic subjects. There was an independent association between hyperglycemia and a PELOD score ≥10 (odds ratio 3.41, 95% confidence interval 1.91–6.10) and death (odds ratio 3.31, 95% confidence interval 1.26–7.7). Early hyperglycemia, defined using only glucose data in the first 48 hrs, was also associated with these outcomes but not with PELOD ≥10 after day 2 or with worsening PELOD after day 1. Five percent of patients received insulin. Conclusions: Hyperglycemia is common in PICUs, occurs early, and is independently associated with organ failure and death. However, early hyperglycemia is not associated with later or worsening organ failure. Australasian PICUs seldom use insulin.
GABAergic modulation of human social interaction in a prisoner's dilemma model by acute administration of alprazolam

Recent work in neuroeconomics has used game theory paradigms to examine neural systems that subserve human social interaction and decision making. Attempts to modify social interaction through pharmacological manipulation have been less common. Here we show dose-dependent modification of human social behavior in a prisoner's dilemma model after acute administration of the &ggr;-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A modulating benzodiazepine alprazolam. Nine healthy adults received doses of placebo, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg alprazolam in a counterbalanced within-subject design, while completing multiple test blocks per day on an iterated prisoner's dilemma game. During test blocks in which peak subjective effects of alprazolam were reported, cooperative choices were significantly decreased as a function of dose. Consistent with previous reports showing that high acute doses of GABA-modulating drugs are associated with violence and other antisocial behavior, our data suggest that at sufficiently high doses, alprazolam can decrease cooperation. These behavioral changes may be facilitated by changes in inhibitory control facilitated by GABA. Game theory paradigms may prove useful in behavioral pharmacology studies seeking to measure social interaction, and may help inform the emerging field of neuroeconomics.
A reforma psiquiátrica na visão de quem cuida: percepções de profissionais do serviço residencial terapêutico

El Servicio Residencial Terapeutico (SRT) se ha destacado como pieza fundamental para la realizacion de la desinstitucionalizacion y la rehabilitacion psicosocial. El objetivo fue investigar la percepcion de los profesionales de enfermeria que trabajan en el SRT sobre la Reforma Psiquiatrica, y la relacion con la formacion tecnica y cientifica y la practica profesional. Estudio descriptivo con un enfoque cualitativo, mediante entrevistas con seis profesionales de enfermeria que trabajan en SRT Caico- RN. Los datos fueran colectados entre octubre y diciembre de 2009. La Reforma Psiquiatrica fue notada como un movimiento complejo que tiene como objetivo modificar el trabajo en el campo de la psiquiatria, y de ella el profesional esta "motivado" a tomar una nueva posicion en relacion al paciente, una postura mas horizontal y humanizada. Este estudio contribuyo a una mejor comprension de la realidad estudiada, en relacion con el cambio en la red de salud mental.
Re-evaluating Money: Exploring Conceptual Boundaries

Since the financial crisis of 2008, actors from a wide variety of backgrounds have stressed the necessity to enhance understanding of basic economic concepts. One core concept – money - has strong implications on issues such as equality, justice, democracy and the environment, performing an essential part in the way societies are constituted around the world. While it should be clear that the change of thinking about money is in no way a golden bullet to all problems, there is good reason to assume that it sheds light on fundamental conditions of society often perceived as invariable. This thesis follows the interdisciplinary research tradition of development studies at Lund University to examine different conceptual understandings of money, and to explore their relevance for the prevailing conceptual paradigm in times of global money. Based on an integrative literature review, the main focus is on publications within the 21st century. Accordingly, the inquiry proceeds from historical and contemporary dimensions, as well as theoretical consideration of ecological economics and complexity economics. Subsequently, a chapter on complementarity explores the relevance of potentially unresolvable tensions between different conceptual understandings of money. Furthermore, the research repeatedly draws connections to development studies to investigate the potential significance of the gained insights. (Less)
Syddansk Universitet Criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone delivered sub-maximal fitness test for people with type 2 diabetes

Background: Prevention of multi-morbidities following non-communicable diseases requires a systematic registration of adverse modifiable risk factors, including low physical fitness. The aim of the study was to establish criterion validity and reliability of a smartphone app (InterWalk) delivered fitness test in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 27, mean (SD) age 64.2 (5.9) years, BMI 30.0 (5.1) kg/m, (30 % male)) completed a 7-min progressive walking protocol twice (with and without encouragement). VO2 during the test was assessed using indirect calorimetry and the acceleration (vector magnitude) from the smartphone was obtained. The vector magnitude was used to predict VO2peak along with the co-variates weight, height and sex. The validity of the algorithm was tested when the smartphone was placed in the right pocket of the pants or jacket. The algorithm was validated using leave-one-out cross validation. Test-retest reliability was tested in a subset of participants (N = 10). Results: The overall VO2peak prediction of the algorithm (R ) was 0.60 and 0.45 when the smartphone was placed in the pockets of the pants and jacket, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean bias (limits of agreement) in the cross validation was−0.4 (38) % (pants) and−0.1 (46) % (jacket). When the smartphone was placed in the jacket a significant intensity dependent bias (r = 0.5, p = 0.02) was observed. The test-retest intraclass correlations were 0.85 and 0.86 (p < 0.001), for the pants and jacket, respectively. No effects of encouragement were observed on test performance. Conclusion: In conclusion, the InterWalk Fitness Test is accurate and reliable for persons with type 2 diabetes when the smartphone is placed in the side pocket of the pants for. The test could give a fair estimate of the CRF in absence of a progressive maximal test during standardized conditions with the appropriate equipment. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials. org (NCT02089477), first registered (prospectively) on March 14th 2014
From regular text to artistic writing and artworks: Fourier statistics of images with low and high aesthetic appeal

The spatial characteristics of letters and their influence on readability and letter identification have been intensely studied during the last decades. There have been few studies, however, on statistical image properties that reflect more global aspects of text, for example properties that may relate to its aesthetic appeal. It has been shown that natural scenes and a large variety of visual artworks possess a scale-invariant Fourier power spectrum that falls off linearly with increasing frequency in log-log plots. We asked whether images of text share this property. As expected, the Fourier spectrum of images of regular typed or handwritten text is highly anisotropic, i.e., the spectral image properties in vertical, horizontal, and oblique orientations differ. Moreover, the spatial frequency spectra of text images are not scale-invariant in any direction. The decline is shallower in the low-frequency part of the spectrum for text than for aesthetic artworks, whereas, in the high-frequency part, it is steeper. These results indicate that, in general, images of regular text contain less global structure (low spatial frequencies) relative to fine detail (high spatial frequencies) than images of aesthetics artworks. Moreover, we studied images of text with artistic claim (ornate print and calligraphy) and ornamental art. For some measures, these images assume average values intermediate between regular text and aesthetic artworks. Finally, to answer the question of whether the statistical properties measured by us are universal amongst humans or are subject to intercultural differences, we compared images from three different cultural backgrounds (Western, East Asian, and Arabic). Results for different categories (regular text, aesthetic writing, ornamental art, and fine art) were similar across cultures.
INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND FLUOXETINE ON IMMOBILITY PERIOD OF MICE IN TAIL SUSPENSION TEST AND FORCED SWIM TEST

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the influence of immobilization stress of 2 hrs and FLX on the immobility period of unstressed and stressed mice and to determine how stress and FLX modulates the effect of each other. Methods: Mice were stressed by immobilization for 2 hrs and the immobility period of both unstressed and stressed mice were determined by using tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). Results: Immobilization stress of 2 hrs increased the immobility period of mice in both TST and FST. FLX reduced the immobility period of both unstressed and stressed mice in both TST and FST. Both immobilization stress of 2 hrs and FLX modulated the effect of each other. Immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered before the immobilization stress of 2 hrs had no significant difference from the immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered after the immobilization stress of 2 hrs. Conclusion: It has been concluded that the immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered before the immobilization stress of 2 hrs had no significant difference from the immobility period of mice in which FLX was administered after the immobilization stress of 2 hrs. Keywords: Stress, Depression, Fluoxetine, Immobility.
End-to-End Modeling and Optimization of Power Consumption in HPC Interconnects

The Interconnect topology is one of the key design choices of large-scale distributed computer architectures. It might also become one of the most power consuming design elements as traffic volumes and interconnect size continue to grow. High interconnect power consumption can be simply provoked by non-energy efficient components, or can in contrast be due to architectural misconception. In this paper, we propose and combine various high-level models to realize a clear breakdown of the power consumptions, and analyze how these depend on various parameters, either external or internal, to the interconnect. Our initial results indicate that end-to-end interconnect consumption is dominated by routers. The node compute power can also affect the interconnect energy efficiency, especially if links of equal bandwidth are used as injection links and topology inner links.
Proof of Local Convergence of a New Algorithm for Covariance Matching of Periodic ARMA Models

In a companion paper, the authors have proposed a new algorithm for the partial stochastic realization of vector discrete-time processes from finite covariance data, based on a nonlinear generalization of the classical Yule-Walker equations. In particular the algorithm provides solutions of the covariance matching problem for periodic ARMA models on a finite interval. In this letter, we provide a proof of convergence of the algorithm for scalar periodic ARMA models based on Lyapunov stability theory.
On Quantitative Spatial Economic Models

Quantitative spatial economics (QSE) specifies various components such as preferences, production technology, and frictions for the movement of goods, people, and ideas. Despite the long literature on endogenous location decisions, the question of how these specifications affect resulting spatial equilibria has not been systematically explored. In this paper we start with workhorse models of QSE based on different specifications of preferences and show that spatial equilibria in those models can be generated using the conditional logit model by McFadden (1974). Our result suggests that existing models of QSE have a common origin in one of the oldest location choice models.
A self-adaptive strategy for controlling parameters in Differential Evolution

The Differential Evolution (DE) is a stochastic population-based search method for global optimization over continuous spaces. This paper presents an efficient strategy for self-adapting control parameters in Differential Evolution to solve real-parameter optimization problems. The proposed strategy introduces an adaptive mechanism at the individual level based on Cauchy distribution (CD) where the step length and crossover rate are self-adapted during the evolution process. This strategy is to utilize attractive features of CD, which has thick tails that enable it to generate considerable changes more frequently and to escape a local optima for multi-modal optimization problems. Detailed performance comparisons of a DE using the proposed strategy on wide range of fifteen standard benchmark test problems are carried out. The obtained results showed that the performance of the DE had been improved with the proposed self-adaptive strategy.
Factor Specificity and Real Rigidities

We develop a multisector model in which capital and labor are free to move across firms within each sector, but cannot move across sectors. To isolate the role of sectoral specificity, we compare our model with otherwise identical multisector economies with either economy-wide or firm-specific factor markets. Sectoral factor specificity generates within-sector strategic substitutability and tends to induce across-sector strategic complementarity in price setting. Our model can produce either more or less monetary non-neutrality than those other two models, depending on parameterization and the distribution of price rigidity across sectors. Under the empirical distribution for the U.S., our model behaves similarly to an economy with firm-specific factors in the short-run, and later on approaches the dynamics of the model with economy-wide factor markets. This is consistent with the idea that factor price equalization might take place gradually over time, so that firm-specificity may serve as a reasonable short-run approximation, whereas economy-wide markets are likely a better description of how factors of production are allocated in the longer run. (Copyright: Elsevier)
Function of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Bundles during in Vivo Knee Flexion

Background The biomechanical functions of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles of the posterior cruciate ligament over the range of flexion of the knee joint remain unclear. Hypothesis The posterior cruciate ligament bundles have minimal length at low flexion angles and maximal length at high flexion angles. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Seven knees from normal, healthy subjects were scanned with magnetic resonance, and 3-dimensional models of the femur, tibia, and posterior cruciate ligament attachment sites were created. The lines connecting the centroids of the corresponding bundle attachment sites on the femur and tibia represented the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles of the posterior cruciate ligament. Each knee was imaged during weightbearing flexion (from 0° to maximal flexion) using a dual-orthogonal fluoroscopic system. The length, elevation, deviation, and twist of the posterior cruciate ligament bundles were measured as a function of flexion. Results The lengths of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles increased with flexion from 0° to 120° and decreased beyond 120° of flexion. The posteromedial bundle had a lower elevation angle than the anterolateral bundle beyond 60° of flexion. The anterolateral bundle had a larger deviation angle than the posteromedial bundle beyond 75° of flexion. The femoral attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament twisted externally with increasing flexion and reached a maximum of 86.4° ± 14.7° at 135° of flexion (P < .05). Conclusion These data suggest that there is no reciprocal function of the bundles with flexion, which is contrary to previous findings. The orientation of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles suggests that at high flexion, the anterolateral bundle might play an important role in constraining the mediolateral translation, whereas the posteromedial bundle might play an important role in constraining the anteroposterior translation of the tibia. Clinical Relevance These data provide a better understanding of the biomechanical function of the posterior cruciate ligament bundles and may help to improve the design of the 2-bundle reconstruction techniques of the ruptured posterior cruciate ligament.
Register in Crash-prone Asynchronous Message-Passing Systems

The atomic register is one of the most basic and useful object of computing science, and its simple read-write semantics is appealing when programming distributed systems. Hence, its implementation on top of crash-prone asynchronous message-passing systems has received a lot of attention. It was shown that having a strict minority of processes that may crash is a necessary and sufficient requirement to build an atomic register on top of a crash-prone asynchronous message-passing system. This paper visits the notion of a fast implementation of an atomic register, and presents a new time-efficient asynchronous algorithm that reduces latency in many cases: a write operation always costs a round-trip delay, while a read operation costs a round-trip delay in favorable circumstances (intuitively, when it is not concurrent with a write). When designing this algorithm, the design spirit was to be as close as possible to the original algorithm proposed by Attiya, Bar-Noy, and Dolev.
Na 1 / H 1 exchange inhibition reduces hypertrophy and heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats

Kusumoto, Keiji, James V. Haist, and Morris Karmazyn. Na/H exchange inhibition reduces hypertrophy and heart failure after myocardial infarction in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 280: H738–H745, 2001. —We investigated the effect of sodium/hydrogen exchange inhibition (NHE-1) on hypertrophy and heart failure after coronary artery ligation (CAL) in the rat. Animals were subjected to occlusion (or sham) of the left main coronary artery and immediately administered a control diet or one consisting of the NHE-1 inhibitor cariporide for 13–15 wk. Hearts were separated by small [#30% of left ventricle (LV)] and large (.30% of LV) infarcts. CAL depressed change in left ventricular increase in pressure over time (LV 1dP/dt) in small and large infarct groups by 18.8% (P , 0.05) and 34% (P , 0.01), respectively, whereas comparative values for the cariporide groups were 8.7% (not significant) and 23.1% (P , 0.01), respectively. LV end-diastolic pressure was increased by 1,225% in the control large infarct group but was significantly reduced to 447% with cariporide. Cariporide also significantly reduced the degree of LV dilation in animals with large infarcts. Hypertrophy, defined by tissue weights and cell size, was reduced by cariporide, and shortening of surviving myocytes was preserved. Infarct sizes were unaffected by cariporide, and the drug had no influence on either blood pressure or the depressed inotropic response of infarcted hearts to dobutamine. These results suggest an important role for NHE-1 in the progression of heart failure after myocardial infarction.