Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Examination of the “Hot Hand” in Professional Golfers

A study investigated the “hot hand” among professional golfers. Hole-to-hole scores within 747 tournaments from a randomly chosen group of 35 players on the 1997 PGA Tour were analyzed. Contingency analyses gave no evidence for the “hot hand. ” Players were just as likely to score a birdie or better following a par or worse hole as make a birdie or better following a birdie or better hole. These results are consistent with those found for individual players in baseball and basketball.
A Dynamic Game of Offending and Law Enforcement

In this paper, we analyse a differential game describing the interactions between a potential offender and the law enforcement agency. We assume that both players want to maximise their welfare expressed in monetary units, and compare the results obtained by applying the Nash equilibrium concept under symmetric with that under asymmetric information. The comparison reveals that under asymmetric information the offence rate is lower, due to the deterrence caused by the activities of the law enforcement agency. Both players' controls start at a steady state value and stick to it until close to the end of the planning horizon, when they leave the steady state to take into account the scrap value; this can be interpreted as a turnpike property of Nash equilibria. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out. Among others, it turns out that a myopic offender tends to a higher offence level.
Taking Care of the Aged at Home by Communities:An Exploration in the Pattern of Supporting the Aged in China's Urban Areas

With the acceleration of aging speed,the family's function in taking care of the aged is weakening gradually in China's urban areas,and at the same time,the present aged-supporting agencies can not meet the needs of the rapid increase of demand.So taking care of the aged at home by communities that has certain superiorities in offering services for the aged seems an effective way to solve the problem.However,this pattern also has defects which include less specialized agencies and workers,ineffective use of social resources,etc.Making improvement in specialized agencies and workers and making full use of social resources are supposed as effective countermeasures to promote taking care of the aged at home by communities.
What Works Best When Combining Television Sets, PCs, Tablets, or Mobile Phones?

ABSTRACT Advertising research often confounds device effects (e.g., television sets, radios, and personal computers) with communication format effects (e.g., respectively, video, audio, and Web sites). Across four experiments, this study documents empirical patterns of cross-device effects among television sets, PCs, iPods, and mobile phones. In three experiments, the format was identical across devices, and the device made no difference to advertising effectiveness. The fourth experiment—with different formats and devices—showed sequential synergy effects. Synergy can strengthen or weaken advertising campaigns that combine multiple communication devices. The combined results of four experiments suggest possible cross-format synergies but not cross-device synergies.
Programming Languages for Information Security

Our society's widespread dependence on networked information systems for everything from personal finance to military communications makes it essential to improve the security of software. Standard security mechanisms such as access control and encryption are essential components for protecting information, but they do not provide end-to-end guarantees. Programming-languages research has demonstrated that security concerns can be addressed by using both program analysis and program rewriting as powerful and flexible enforcement mechanisms. This thesis investigates security-typed programming languages , which use static typing to enforce information-flow security policies. These languages allow the programmer to specify confidentiality and integrity constraints on the data used in a program; the compiler verifies that the program satisfies the constraints. Previous theoretical security-typed languages research has focused on simple models of computation and unrealistically idealized security policies. The existing practical security-typed languages have not been proved to guarantee security. This thesis addresses these limitations in several ways. First, it establishes noninterference, a basic information-flow policy, for languages richer than those previously considered. The languages studied here include recursive, higher-order functions, structured state, and concurrency. These results narrow the gap between the theory and the practice of security-typed languages. Next, this thesis considers more practical security policies. Noninterference is often too restrictive for real-world programming. To compensate, a restricted form of declassification is introduced, allowing programmers to specify a richer set of information-flow policies. Previous work on information-flow security also assumed that all computation occurs on equally trusted machines. To overcome this unrealistic premise, additional security constraints for systems distributed among heterogeneously trusted hosts are considered. Finally, this thesis describes Jif/split, a prototype implementation of secure program partitioning, in which a program can automatically be partitioned to run securely on heterogeneously trusted hosts. The resulting communicating subprograms collectively implement the original program, yet the system as a whole satisfies the security requirements without needing a universally trusted machine. The theoretical results developed earlier in the thesis justify Jif/split's run-time enforcement mechanisms.
Cutting Edge: Immune Stimulation by Neisserial Porins Is Toll-Like Receptor 2 and MyD88 Dependent1

The immunopotentiating activity of neisserial porins, the major outer membrane protein of the pathogenic Neisseria, is mediated by its ability to stimulate B cells and up-regulate the surface expression of B7-2. This ability is dependent on MyD88 and Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 expression, as demonstrated by a lack of a response by B cells from MyD88 or TLR2 knockout mice to the porins. Using previously described TLR2-dependent reporter constructs, these results were confirmed and were shown to be due to induction of NF-κB nuclear translocation. This is the first demonstration of known vaccine adjuvant to stimulate immune cells via TLR2.
A research on reconfigurable numerical controller based on embedded system

By analyzing the current development of reconfigurable numerical controllers (RNC) and architecture about numerical controllers, this paper presents a RNC architecture based on an embedded system, and analyzes the hardware and software structure of the RNC system. In the hardware structure, it discusses the multifunctional interfaces of MPC5200, and emphasizes configurable hardware functions. In the software structure, this paper first introduces the architecture of the RNC system, then the three layers of the RNC system: user layer, kernel layer and device layer, which have been designed with the character of modularity, extensibility and configurability. Furthermore, embedded Linux and RTAI also have been selected as compact, open, and real-time operating system for RNC. Finally a case is presented to illustrate how to realize the RNC in the cutting machine
Heritability of lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis.

RATIONALE Obstructive lung disease, the major cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF), is poorly correlated with mutations in the disease-causing gene, indicating that other factors determine severity of lung disease. OBJECTIVES To quantify the contribution of modifier genes to variation in CF lung disease severity. METHODS Pulmonary function data from patients with CF living with their affected twin or sibling were converted into reference values based on both healthy and CF populations. The best measure of FEV(1) within the last year was used for cross-sectional analysis. FEV(1) measures collected over at least 4 years were used for longitudinal analysis. Genetic contribution to disease variation (i.e., heritability) was estimated in two ways: by comparing similarity of lung function in monozygous (MZ) twins (approximately 100% gene sharing) with that of dizygous (DZ) twins/siblings (approximately 50% gene sharing), and by comparing similarity of lung function measures for related siblings to similarity for all study subjects. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Forty-seven MZ twin pairs, 10 DZ twin pairs, and 231 sibling pairs (of a total of 526 patients) with CF were studied. Correlations for all measures of lung function for MZ twins (0.82-0.91, p < 0.0001) were higher than for DZ twins and siblings (0.50-0.64, p < 0.001). Heritability estimates from both methods were consistent for each measure of lung function and ranged from 0.54 to 1.0. Heritability estimates generally increased after adjustment for differences in nutritional status (measured as body mass index z-score). CONCLUSIONS Our heritability estimates indicate substantial genetic control of variation in CF lung disease severity, independent of CFTR genotype.
Influence of Customer Relationship Management on Online Shopping

The rapid development of internet user has made it easy and improved the online marketing in the global market, as a result the number of customer shopping online are increasing more than the number of customer using internet for others purposes, customer participations are the basic of every business success, because with customer, no business can survive or adapt with change that has been brought by new technology. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) can be understood as a revolving process during which companies interact with their customers, there by generate, aggregate, and analyze customer data, and employ the results for service and marketing activities, the purpose of this paper is to figure out the influence of Customer relationship management as motivational factor on online shopping in e-business environment.
Dpy19l1, a multi-transmembrane protein, regulates the radial migration of glutamatergic neurons in the developing cerebral cortex

During corticogenesis, the regulation of neuronal migration is crucial for the functional organization of the neocortex. Glutamatergic neurons are major excitatory components of the mammalian neocortex. In order to elucidate the specific molecular mechanisms underlying their development, we used single-cell microarray analysis to screen for mouse genes that are highly expressed in developing glutamatergic neurons. We identified dpy-19-like 1 (Dpy19l1), a homolog of C. elegans dpy-19, which encodes a putative multi-transmembrane protein shown to regulate directed migration of Q neuroblasts in C. elegans. At embryonic stages Dpy19l1 is highly expressed in glutamatergic neurons in the mouse cerebral cortex, whereas in the subpallium, where GABAergic neurons are generated, expression was below detectable levels. Downregulation of Dpy19l1 mediated by shRNA resulted in defective radial migration of glutamatergic neurons in vivo, which was restored by the expression of shRNA-insensitive Dpy19l1. Many Dpy19l1-knockdown cells were aberrantly arrested in the intermediate zone and the deep layer and, additionally, some extended single long processes towards the pial surface. Furthermore, we observed defective radial migration of bipolar cells in Dpy19l1-knockdown brains. Despite these migration defects, these cells correctly expressed Cux1, which is a marker for upper layer neurons, suggesting that Dpy19l1 knockdown results in migration defects but does not affect cell type specification. These results indicate that Dpy19l1 is required for the proper radial migration of glutamatergic neurons, and suggest an evolutionarily conserved role for the Dpy19 family in neuronal migration.
Estimating Consumers‘ Willingness to Pay for Health Food Claims: A Conjoint Analysis

This study addresses whether health claims (claims of health-promoting effects) of food products positively influence product price and consumer choices. In developed countries in recent years, health claims regarding food products have become attractive cues for consumers and promotion tools for food makers. However, in several developed countries including Japan, such forms of labeling are subject to government regulations and the public sector requires a costly and time-consuming certification process during product development. To address this problem, we surveyed 265 Japanese university students in a choice-based conjoint (CBC) experiment to determine the key factors that influence their consumer behavior and calculate whether such labeling increases a product’s value. We found that health claims affirmatively affect the purchase of functional food and that consumers’ marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for health claims is high. In addition, consumers rate country of origin highly when choosing a product; moreover, their WTP for foods of Japanese origin is high. We also found that health-conscious consumers tend to prefer smaller portions for functional food products. By identifying product characteristics that influence the consumption of functional food, our findings identify factors that are key to their successful introduction and marketing in Japan.
Does the Adoption of an Information-Connected Approach Reduce Insider Trading?

Many countries adopt either an information-connected approach or the person-connected approach to regulate insider trading. In this paper, we examine the impact of countries switching from a person-connected approach to an information-connected approach using 502 tender offer announcements in Singapore, Malaysia and Australia, over the period from 1986 to 2006. We find that illegal insider trading in Singapore decreases with the enactment of insider trading regulations. Insider trading in Malaysia, on the other hand, only decreases after the enforcement of insider trading regulations. For Australia, we observe that the enactment or enforcement of insider trading regulation has little impact on the market. Our findings show that market participants react to legislation change earlier if the regulator concerned has a strong reputation for enforcement. In other words, the timing at which the market can be expected to react to legislation changes is a function of a government's reputation for enforcement.
Niche marketing and the case of Bordeaux wine

Purpose to identify niche markets or niche products, and discuss whether these markets or products can be termed as niche in terms of characteristics and definitions as suggested in the literature. Methodology – A case study design of the Bordeaux wine market, combining several methods for data collection, such as observations, secondary information, and interviews. Findings – It is expected to determine whether it is appropriate to characterize the Bordeaux Châteaux Grand Crus producers as niche firms or not. Further, a precise description of the Bordeaux producers and markets will be offered, along with product descriptions in broad terms and the applied niche strategies. Implications – Theoretically, the findings may impact on the ability to develop a more precise definition of niche marketing and its content, and possibly also to determine whether a PGI-certification or similar certification schemes could work as indicators for niche markets. Practically, this research would provide a better foundation for offering clear and precise guidance to practitioners interested in pursuing niche marketing.
Organisational Innovations in Crisis Management of Project-Based Enterprises

Abstract Organisational innovations and crisis management have a lot in common. Crisis may come in many various forms. It can be a result of economic slowdown or recession influencing the industry and, therefore, some of its organisations. However, firm disaster can be a result of wrong management decisions or unexpected events. Each form of crisis has its own causes, which influence the company in a number of ways. The main objectives of the paper are to describe the nature of crisis management in project-based enterprises and to define the scope and role of organisational innovations in it. The conducted research shows that the organisational innovations are the crucial elements of crisis response strategies. Applying organisational innovations, the entity can gain short-term benefits because they aim at improving the flexibility and adaptability of the company and the supervision of the running projects
Specific early vulnerability of high-order executive function to focal brain lesions and long-term impact on educational persistence: Sparing of incidental episodic memory

Objective: We investigated mental functions expected to remain impaired or not ain adulthood following childhood-onset brain lesions. Methods: Thirty unilaterally lesioned young adults were tested a decade after lesion onset with an effort-demanding complex executive function (EF) task as well as a task of incidental declarative retrospective episodic recognition memory (IRM). Thirty neurotypical participants were also tested. Results: The EF task was significantly impaired in the lesion group and significantly more so than the IRM task. Regarding the lesioned cases, performance on EF, but not IRM, was significantly positively correlated with long-term educational persistence (EP). Both EF and EP but not IRM were significantly positively correlated with the age of onset of the lesion. Severity of neurological impairment was unrelated to any variable. Conclusion: Mental abilities acquired through early schooling remain impaired into adulthood when early schooling is disturbed, not everyday memory which does not depend on schooling.
YouTube: an opportunity for consumer narrative analysis?

Purpose – The aim of the paper is to discuss a possible extension of narrative analysis to a new medium of expression of consumer behaviour, specifically YouTube.Design/methodology/approach – Marketing and consumer behaviour studies often apply narrative analysis to understand consumption. The consumer is a source of introspective narratives that are studied by scholars. However, consumption has a narrative nature in itself and consumers are also storytellers. YouTube is a new context in which subjects tell stories to an audience through self‐made videos and re‐edited TV programs. After defining the pros and cons of different approaches to the study of YouTube, narrative analysis is presented as a possible means of understanding YouTube.Findings – Some preliminary evidence is presented by discussing several YouTube videos. These indicate that YouTube content can be better understood as stories, rather than example of other approaches, such as visual analysis, media studies, videography, and others.Researc.
Talent Management of Academics: Balancing Job Demands and Job Resources

Talent management of academics is becoming a central management challenge as it becomes more difficult to retain key and competent staff. The main objective of this research was to determine the job demands and job resources of academic staff (N=146) that can have an impact on their talent management in South African higher education institutions. The results showed that academics experienced high job demands compared to the availability of job resources. The results also showed that white ethnic groups, associate professors, older academics and academics working for longer hours a week experienced significant higher job demands than their counterparts. Recommendations are made. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n20p2033
A Possible Involvement of the Carboxymethylation Process in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract: A median motor nerve latency (DML) is generally prolonged in the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) of hemodialysis patients. Meanwhile, the advanced glycation process of proteins has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of the dialysis related amyloidosis. To investigate the role of carboxymethylation in dialysis related CTS, we measured a circulating carboxymethyllysine‐hemoglobin (CML‐Hb) level and nerve conduction velocity in 44 hemodialysis patients. The circulating CML‐Hb level was 6.56 ± 3.18 nmol CML/mg Hb, median motor nerve conduction velocity (NCV) was 49.8 ± 4.64 m/s, median DML was 4.44 ± 1.06 ms, and difference between median DML and ulnar DML (Δ DML) was 1.68 ± 1.09 ms. Median and ulnar nerve NCV showed no correlation with circulating CML‐Hb level. Both median DML and Δ DML were significantly correlated with CML‐Hb (r = 0.429, P = 0.003, r = 0.472, P = 0.001). This study provided additional clinical evidence of an involvement of an advanced glycation process in the pathogenesis in CTS in hemodialysis patients.
Speech based analysis of physiological stress using perceptually significant features

Analysis of physiological stress based on features from speech parameters is preferable over other techniques because of its nonintrusive nature. In this work, heart rate (HR) at three different levels (low, medium and high heart rates) is used as a measure of stress and a common speech utterance in each case is employed to correlate stress with HR. Using a database consisting of utterances and their corresponding heart rates and other physiological measurements indicative of stress for the speakers, utterances of the word eye for a speaker at low, medium and high heart rates are isolated. From these short utterances, features based on auditorily significant areas are extracted for analysis. Spectral features that are perceptually significant, i.e., those above global masking threshold in each band, appear to distinguish speech at three different heart rates at a better rate than the commonly used cepstral features or the total energy in each Bark frequency band. Between the two pattern matching techniques used, namely, dynamic time warping and neural network, the latter showed a higher accuracy in classifying the heart rates from all the features employed. Based on the small set of training and test utterances, the neural network based feature classification technique demonstrated the capability of the proposed set of speech features in classifying physiological stress.
Negative energy balance in a male songbird, the Abert's towhee, constrains the testicular endocrine response to luteinizing hormone stimulation

ABSTRACT Energy deficiency can suppress reproductive function in vertebrates. As the orchestrator of reproductive function, endocrine activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis is potentially an important mechanism mediating such effects. Previous experiments in wild-caught birds found inconsistent relationships between energy deficiency and seasonal reproductive function, but these experiments focused on baseline HPG axis activity and none have investigated the responsiveness of this axis to endocrine stimulation. Here, we present data from an experiment in Abert's towhees, Melozone aberti, using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) challenges to investigate whether energy deficiency modulates the plasma testosterone responsiveness of the HPG axis. Wild-caught birds were either ad libitum fed or energetically constrained via chronic food restriction during photoinduced reproductive development. Energy deficiency did not significantly affect the development of reproductive morphology, the baseline endocrine activity of the HPG axis, or the plasma testosterone response to GnRH challenge. Energy deficiency did, however, decrease the plasma testosterone responsiveness to LH challenge. Collectively, these observations suggest that energy deficiency has direct gonadal effects consisting of a decreased responsiveness to LH stimulation. Our study, therefore, reveals a mechanism by which energy deficiency modulates reproductive function in wild birds in the absence of detectable effects on baseline HPG axis activity. Summary: Energy deficiency in an adult male songbird has no detectable effect on the development of reproductive morphology, but constrains the endocrine responsiveness of the testes.