Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioactive metabolite production by Streptomyces albolongus in favourable environment

Amac: Gunumuzde konvansiyonel antibiyotiklere karsi artan direnc riski nedeniyle yeni antibiyotiklere gereksinim vardir. Bu calismada yeni bir antimikrobiyal bilesigin elde edilmesi denenmektedir.Yontemler: Bir aktinomices turu olan Streptomyces albolongus izole edilerek optimal antimikrobiyal metabolit uretimi acisindan degerlendirildi. Ilk tarama secici besiyeri ve antibiyotik assay ise “agar cup-plate” metodu ile yapildi. Fermente urun uygun bir cozucu yardimiyla ayirma hunisi ile elde edildi. Bulgular: Maksimum antimikrobiyal metabolit uretimi 35°C sicaklik ve pH 9.0’da inkubasyonun altinci gununde gozlendi. Denen besiyerleri arasinda misir islatma suyu (%0,2), glukoz (%1), NaCl (%0,5) ve K2HPO4 (%0,1) iceren besiyeri maksimum metabolit uretimi icin en uygun besiyeri idi. Sukroz, diger dort kaynak arasinda en iyi karbon kaynagi idi. Bulunan antimikrobiyal metabolit sirasiyla pH 11,0 ve 100°C sicakliga kadar dayanikli idi. Aktif ajan en iyi kloroform ile ekstrakte edildi. Bulunan metabolitin antimikrobiyal spektrumu genis idi ve Shigella dysenteriae (AE 14612), Shigella sonnei (CRL, ICDDR, B), Salmonella typhi (AE14296), Vibrio cholerae (AE14748), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRL, ICDDR, B), Bacillus cereus (BTCC19), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), Bacillus subtilis (BTTC17) ve Bacillus megaterium (BTTC18) gibi bakterileri kapsiyordu.Sonuc: Arastirmada S. albolongus’un Gram-positif ve Gram-negatif bakterileri iceren degisik insan patojenlerine karsi etkisi hakkinda elde edilen bulgular urettigimiz materyalin insanlardaki hastaliklarin kontrolunde alternatif antimikrobiyal bir madde olabilecegini gostermektedir
Socioeconomic inequalities in health among school-aged adolescents in Tehran

Background: Socioeconomic status has been found to have a significant impact on the health as well as risk behaviors of adolescents across different contexts. This study was conducted to assess the effect of social relations adjusted by social class on physical and psychological well-being of adolescences in Teheran, Iran. Methods: This was a cross- sectional study and carried out on 1,742 adolescences living in Tehran during 2011. Adolescences were selected, using proportional stratified sampling method and a questionnaire was filled over an interview for data gathering. Data were analyzed, using SPSS18 logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of psychological symptoms was more than 24% and had a large range (24%-93%), while physical symptoms showed a lower prevalence with a smaller range (12%-33%). Furthermore, there was a significant relation between the adolescences gender and feeling the need for others’ help (p<0.001). Factors related to feeling the need for others help, anxiety, and worrying were the most prevalent among both boys and girls. In the section of family social relations, talking to the mother and talking to the father had the lowest and the highest prevalence among girls and boys, respectively. With respect to relations, the number of close friends and after school gathering time with close friends had the highest prevalence among girls, while the number of close friends and E-communication with close friends had the lowest and the highest prevalence among boys, respectively. Conclusion: The physical and psychological symptoms were common among adolescents from families with high socioeconomic status.
Knowledge-based scoring function to predict protein-ligand interactions.

The development and validation of a new knowledge-based scoring function (DrugScore) to describe the binding geometry of ligands in proteins is presented. It discriminates efficiently between well-docked ligand binding modes (root-mean-square deviation <2.0 A with respect to a crystallographically determined reference complex) and those largely deviating from the native structure, e.g. generated by computer docking programs. Structural information is extracted from crystallographically determined protein-ligand complexes using ReLiBase and converted into distance-dependent pair-preferences and solvent-accessible surface (SAS) dependent singlet preferences for protein and ligand atoms. Definition of an appropriate reference state and accounting for inaccuracies inherently present in experimental data is required to achieve good predictive power. The sum of the pair preferences and the singlet preferences is calculated based on the 3D structure of protein-ligand binding modes generated by docking tools. For two test sets of 91 and 68 protein-ligand complexes, taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB), the calculated score recognizes poses generated by FlexX deviating <2 A from the crystal structure on rank 1 in three quarters of all possible cases. Compared to FlexX, this is a substantial improvement. For ligand geometries generated by DOCK, DrugScore is superior to the "chemical scoring" implemented into this tool, while comparable results are obtained using the "energy scoring" in DOCK. None of the presently known scoring functions achieves comparable power to extract binding modes in agreement with experiment. It is fast to compute, regards implicitly solvation and entropy contributions and produces correctly the geometry of directional interactions. Small deviations in the 3D structure are tolerated and, since only contacts to non-hydrogen atoms are regarded, it is independent from assumptions of protonation states.
Young Children Being Rhythmically Playful: Creating Musike Together

This article explores young children's rhythmic, musical, aesthetic and playful creative communication in an early childhood education centre. Young children's communication is musically rhythmic and social. The data, presented as ‘events’, formed part of an ethnographic-inspired study conducted by the researcher as a participant observer. Cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) framed the methodology, with mediated activity as the unit of analysis. Critical and related aesthetic theory inform the data analyses, providing open ways of appreciating diversity in young children's aesthetic experience. The collaborative nature of young children's rhythmic musicality is explored and the article suggests that rhythm pervades young children's creative and communicative playfulness.
Identification of New ATG4B Inhibitors Based on a Novel High-Throughput Screening Platform

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved homeostasis process through which aggregated proteins or damaged organelles are enveloped in a double-membrane structure called an autophagosome and then digested in a lysosome-dependent manner. Growing evidence suggests that malfunction of autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including cancer, viral infection, and neurodegeneration. However, autophagy is a complicated process, and understanding of the relevance of autophagy to disease is limited by lack of specific and potent autophagy modulators. ATG4B, a Cys-protease that cleaves ATG8 family proteins, such as LC3B, is a key protein in autophagosome formation and maturation process. A novel time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assay measuring protease activity of ATG4B was developed, validated, and adapted into a high-throughput screening (HTS) format. HTS was then conducted with a Roche focus library of 57,000 compounds. After hit confirmation and a counterscreen to filter out fluorescence interference compounds, 267 hits were confirmed, constituting a hit rate of 0.49%. Furthermore, among 65 hits with an IC50 < 50 µM, one compound mimics the LC3 peptide substrate (-TFG-). Chemistry modification based on this particular hit gave preliminary structure activity relationship (SAR) resulting in a compound with a 10-fold increase in potency. This compound forms a stable covalent bond with Cys74 of ATG4B in a 1:1 ratio as demonstrated by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Furthermore, this compound displayed cellular ATG4B inhibition activity. Overall, the novel TR-FRET ATG4B protease assay plus counterscreen assay provides a robust platform to identify ATG4B inhibitors, which would help to elucidate the mechanism of the autophagy pathway and offer opportunities for drug discovery.
Transactional Distance as a Predictor of Perceived Learner Satisfaction in Distance Learning Courses: A Case Study of Bachelor of Education Arts Program, University of Nairobi, Kenya

There is a long history of study and recognition of the critical role of interaction in supporting and even defining distance education. Interaction has been identified as key to the success of distance learning. It is key in fostering, supporting and engaging in the learning process. Moore (1989) posits that the physical distance that exists in e-learning courses between the teacher and the students may result in a psychological and communicational gap between them. Such a gap will often impede the ability of the teacher and his or her students to achieve the desired level of understanding among them. In the light of this, teachers and students participating in distance-learning courses will generally require “special” behavioral patterns, which are designed to overcome the communication gaps resulting from the transactional distance. This study examined three key distances experienced by students enrolled in distance learning courses as predictors of perceived learner satisfaction. Through a survey analysis, the study sought to answer 3 key questions - to what extent is Leaner-Leaner Transactional Distance (LLTD) predictive of students’ perceived satisfaction (SPS) with a Distance Education (DE) course? Is Learner-Teacher Transactional Distance (LTTD) a predictor of students perceived satisfaction with the DE course? To what extent does Learner-Content Transactional Distance (LCTD) serve as a predictor of perceived learner satisfaction with a DE course? Subjects constituted of a random sample of 168 students enrolled for a Bachelor of education program in 2013 at the University of Nairobi, Kenya. A survey questionnaire measured the predictive constructs of the study namely, Learner-Learner Transactional Distance (LLTD), Learner-Teacher Transactional Distance (LTTD) and Learner-Content Transactional Distance (LCTD). Students’ perceived satisfaction (SPS) was measured by use of a ten item Likert scale instrument. Results of the study indicated the three variables were key predictors of students’ perceived satisfaction with DE courses.
Thrombus length estimation in acute ischemic stroke: a potential role for delayed contrast enhanced CT

Purpose Thrombus length has been shown to be an important determinant of recanalization using intravenous thrombolysis in hyperacute ischemic stroke. Various studies have attempted to quantify thrombus based on non-contrast CT (NCCT) or CT angiography (CTA). However, thrombus may not be seen on NCCT, and CTA may fail to delineate the distal extent of the thrombus. Contrast enhanced CT (CECT) following CTA can be used to estimate infarct core, but we investigated whether the angiographic data available on these images provided reliable information on thrombus length. Materials and methods 15 consecutive patients, mean age 81 years (range 63–93), with terminal internal carotid artery or M1-middle cerebral artery occlusions underwent NCCT, CTA (bolus tracked technique), and CECT (acquired 80 s post initial CTA injection). Three radiologists assessed thrombus length on thin slice NCCT, and CTA and CECT. Results CTA overestimated thrombus length relative to NCCT (p<0.001) and CECT (p<0.001). There was less difference between CTA and CECT estimation in patients with good collateral scores (p<0.05). There was good correlation between NCCT and CECT (Pearson's correlation coefficient=0.90, 95% CI 0.81 to 0.95, p<0.001). Inter-rater reliability assessed using intraclass correlation was 0.95 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.98) for NCCT and 0.98 (95% CI 0.94 to 0.99) for CECT. Conclusions CTA regularly overestimates thrombus length as the distal end of the thrombus is not delineated. This can be overcome through the use of a CECT acquisition which can reliably be used to estimate thrombus length.
Result of Immunotherapy on Patients With Unexplained Recurrent Abortion: A Beneficial Treatment for Patients With Negative Blocking Antibodies

ABSTRACT: Thirty‐nine unexplained recurrent aborters underwent vaccination using husband's lymphocytes according to the previously reported protocol. No mixed lymphocyte culture reaction‐blocking antibodies (MLR‐BAbs) were observed in these patients prior to vaccination. Of 35 newly pregnant patients after vaccination(s), pregnancy successfully continued in 28 (80.0%) and have already been terminated with a liveborn offspring. Pregnancy outcome was also analyzed in unexplained recurrent aborters who revealed positive MLR‐BAbs without immunotherapy. In this group, out of eight pregnancies in seven patients, five (62.5%) continued beyond their critical period of 14 wks of gestation. Three infants born from these pregnancies, however, presented severe abnormalities. Furthermore, outcome of 14 pregnancies in 12 unexplained recurrent aborters with negative MLR‐BAbs was analyzed since they had become pregnant without immunotherapy; pregnancy was successfully continued in only four cases (28.6%). Thus, vaccination using husband's lymphocytes on unexplained recurrent aborters with negative MLR‐BAbs is suggested to be effective. In addition, it is suggested that immunotherapy for patients with positive MLR‐BAbs should be carefully followed.
Asserting Memory Shape using Linear Logic

Contracts and assertions are accepted as an important method for improving software reliability. However, existing systems do not provide clean ways to describe conditions based on memory shape. We present a method for elegantly specifying memory shape invariants using specifications in linear logic and then dynamically verifying these specifications using the linear logic programming language LolliMon.
"I know people think i'm a complete pain in the neck": an examination of the introduction of child protection and "safeguarding" in English sport from the perspective of national governing body safeguarding lead officers

Child protection in sport emerged at the start of the 21st century amidst headlines about coaches raping, sexually assaulting and abusing children. Against this backdrop, in 2001 the UK government established an independent agency, the English Child Protection in Sport Unit (CPSU), which introduced national child protection standards for sports organizations. This included the requirement to appoint national “safeguarding lead officers”. Utilizing the theoretical framework of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, this paper considers the impact of “safeguarding and child protection” (SCP) within the English sports community through the experiences of those who have been at the vanguard of its implementation in the early years of its establishment within sport. Utilizing data from qualitative interviews with nine national safeguarding lead officers (SLOs), the paper discusses the challenges experienced by SLOs and critically appraises the relation between them (their habitus ) and the prevailing logic ( capital ) within their sporting fields . We discuss the extent to which SLOs have been supported by their organizations and conclude with a consideration of the degree to which national governing bodies of sport (NGBs) have been invested in SCP.
Perceiver Differences and Judgments of Group Entitativity

Most entitativity research has focused on properties of groups that affect how real they seem, rather than on perceiver characteristics. Three studies, involving college student participants, examined personality traits that may relate to entitativity: need to belong, personal need for structure, need for closure, self-monitoring, individualism/collectivism, and cognitive complexity. In Study 1 (N = 429), scales measuring these traits were evaluated and correlations among scale scores were examined. In Study 2 (N = 123), personality scale scores were correlated with responses on two group judgment tasks—participants evaluated pictures of groups and a list of groups for several properties related to entitativity. Participants also indicated any groups on the list to which they belonged. Entitativity for groups in the slides was related only to the need to belong and to the interaction between self-monitoring and personal need for structure. Entitativity for groups on the list was related only to the interaction between cognitive complexity and collectivism. Groups to which participants actually belonged (ingroups) seemed less entitative than outgroups, especially when levels of self-monitoring were low. In Study 3 (N = 100), which was an experiment, participants were either included or excluded in a virtual ball-toss game, which altered their need to belong. They then completed the same group judgment tasks. Inclusion/Exclusion was not related to entitativity at all. Entitativity for groups in the slides was again related to the need to belong, and entitativity for groups on the list was related to individualism/collectivism. Ingroups again seemed less entitative than outgroups. The use of individual difference measures to predict entitativity was discussed, and suggestions for future research were offered.
Calibration of an EMG-Based Body Model with six Muscles to control a Leg Exoskeleton

This paper presents a body model of intermediate level of detail to allow prediction of the knee torque produced by thigh muscles based on EMG signals. This torque prediction is used as input for a torque controller that adapts the level of support offered to an operator by a powered leg orthosis. The level of detail of the body model is chosen in such a way, that all parameters of the model can be calibrated for a specific operator with only a few sensors that are mounted on the exoskeleton.
Control of Root Cap Formation by MicroRNA-Targeted Auxin Response Factors in Arabidopsisw⃞

The plant root cap mediates the direction of root tip growth and protects internal cells. Root cap cells are continuously produced from distal stem cells, and the phytohormone auxin provides position information for root distal organization. Here, we identify the Arabidopsis thaliana auxin response factors ARF10 and ARF16, targeted by microRNA160 (miR160), as the controller of root cap cell formation. The Pro35S:MIR160 plants, in which the expression of ARF10 and ARF16 is repressed, and the arf10-2 arf16-2 double mutants display the same root tip defect, with uncontrolled cell division and blocked cell differentiation in the root distal region and show a tumor-like root apex and loss of gravity-sensing. ARF10 and ARF16 play a role in restricting stem cell niche and promoting columella cell differentiation; although functionally redundant, the two ARFs are indispensable for root cap development, and the auxin signal cannot bypass them to initiate columella cell production. In root, auxin and miR160 regulate the expression of ARF10 and ARF16 genes independently, generating a pattern consistent with root cap development. We further demonstrate that miR160-uncoupled production of ARF16 exerts pleiotropic effects on plant phenotypes, and miR160 plays an essential role in regulating Arabidopsis development and growth.
New Gateways to Discovery1[C]

Dr. Pangloss was right, at least for live-cell imaging in plants, in his contention that this is “the best of all possible worlds” ([Voltaire, 1759][1]). We are now able to look inside cells in detailed ways that the fathers of microscopy, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hook, could not have
#Vapelife: An Exploratory Study of Electronic Cigarette Use and Promotion on Instagram

ABSTRACT Background: The growth of social networking services has enabled the sharing of electronic cigarette opinions and experiences via user-generated content. Objectives: This exploratory study analyzed electronic cigarette content found on the visual social networking service, Instagram, in order to highlight public health challenges created by this content and support understanding of electronic cigarette promotion and usage. Methods: A qualitative content analysis was performed on Instagram posts made with the hashtags #ecig or #vape in October 2014. Images, text, and hashtags from 85 posts (43 #ecig, 42 #vape) were analyzed. In addition, the total number of posts made with eight key electronic cigarette hashtags was recorded at four points between March 2014 and October 2015. Results: The total number of #vape posts on Instagram grew by 4,163,274 during the study period, while #ecig posts increased by 741,916. Of the posts examined in-depth, corporate users made up over half of posts. No posts were critical of electronic cigarettes. Few mentioned electronic cigarettes in the context of health benefits. No posts included major brands, and mod style electronic cigarettes were mentioned or depicted in over half of posts. A majority of posts included hashtags expressing vaping identity and community. In addition, users mentioned novel practices such as sub-ohming. Conclusions/Importance: Instagram users in our sample characterized electronic cigarettes primarily as novel devices rather than equivalents to cigarettes. Further, hashtag communities and identities appear to be forming around vaping. Future research should consider the public health implications of these hashtags, as well as novel electronic cigarette practices.
Novel Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Vector pUvBBAC for Use in Studies of the Functional Genomics of Listeria spp

ABSTRACT Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors are important tools for microbial genome research. We constructed a novel BAC vector, pUvBBAC, for replication in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial hosts. The pUvBBAC vector was used to generate a BAC library for the facultative intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e. The library had insert sizes ranging from 68 to 178 kb. We identified two recombinant BACs from the L. monocytogenes pUvBBAC library that each contained the entire virulence gene cluster (vgc) of L. monocytogenes and transferred them to a nonpathogenic Listeria innocua strain. Recombinant L. innocua strains harboring pUvBBAC+vgc1 and pUvBBAC+vgc2 produced the vgc-specific listeriolysin (LLO) and actin assembly protein ActA and represent the first reported cloning of the vgc locus in its entirety. The use of the novel broad-host-range BAC vector pUvBBAC extends the versatility of this technology and provides a powerful platform for detailed functional genomics of gram-positive bacteria as well as its use in explorative functional metagenomics.
Clinical Interventions in Aging Dovepress Reliability of the Serbian Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Adults

The purpose of this study was to determine the test–retest reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for older adults in Serbia. Six hundred and sixty older adults (352 men, 53%; 308 women, 47%; mean age 67.65±5.76 years) partici­ pated in the study. To examine test–retest reliability, the participants were asked to complete the IPAQ on two occasions 2 weeks apart. Moderate reliability was observed between the repeated IPAQ, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.53 to 0.91. The least reliability was established in leisure time activity (0.53) and the most reliability in the transport domain (0.91). Men and women had similar intraclass correlation coefficients for total physical activity (0.71 versus 0.74, respectively), while the biggest difference was obtained for housework in men (0.68) and in women (0.90). Our study shows that the long version of the IPAQ is a reli­ able instrument for assessing physical activity levels in older adults and that it may be useful for generating internationally comparable data.