Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distinct Patterns of Tropical Pacific SST Anomaly and Their Impacts on North American Climate

AbstractA neural-network-based cluster technique, the so-called self-organizing map (SOM), was performed to extract distinct sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly patterns during boreal winter. The SOM technique has advantages in nonlinear feature extraction compared to the commonly used empirical orthogonal function analysis and is widely used in meteorology. The eight distinguishable SOM patterns so identified represent three La Nina–like patterns, two near-normal patterns, and three El Nino–like patterns. These patterns show the varied amplitude and location of the SST anomalies associated with El Nino and La Nina, such as the central Pacific (CP) and eastern Pacific (EP) El Nino. The impact of each distinctive SOM pattern on winter-mean surface temperature and precipitation changes over North America was examined. Based on composite maps with observational data, each SOM pattern corresponds to a distinguishable spatial structure of temperature and precipitation anomaly over North America, which seems .
Time-based transactional memory with scalable time bases

Time-based transactional memories use time to reason about the consistency of data accessed by transactions and about the order in which transactions commit. They avoid the large read overhead of transactional memories that always check consistency when a new object is accessed, while still guaranteeing consistency at all times--in contrast to transactional memories that only check consistency on transaction commit. Current implementations of time-based transactional memories use a single global clock that is incremented by the commit operation for each update transaction that commits. In large systems with frequent commits, the contention on this global counter can thus become a major bottleneck. We present a scalable replacement for this global counter and describe how the Lazy Snapshot Algorithm (LSA), which forms the basis for our LSA-STM time-based software transactional memory, has to be changed to support these new time bases. In particular, we show how the global counter can be replaced (1) by an external or physical clock that can be accessed efficiently, and (2) by multiple synchronized physical clocks.
Bread, butter and gravy: An institutional approach to televised sport production

There has been a paucity of research that has examined the processes involved in the production of televised sport. Frequently, the content of texts has been used to develop arguments about the political and economic context of media production and the labour process involved in creating televised sport. Recent work, however, has maintained that the conditions of production cannot be inferred by merely scrutinizing the programme, that is to say the text. The use of text to draw conclusions about the labour process means that much of what has been written has been based upon a narrow understanding of how the images and discourses that are broadcast are actually constructed. R. Gruneau has maintained that this textual focus is inadequate in understanding the pressures and limits that structure the production of sport for television. He suggested that:
A meta‐analysis of positive humor in the workplace

Purpose – The benefits of humor for general well‐being have long been touted. Past empirical research has suggested that some of these benefits also exist in the work domain. However, there is little shared understanding as to the role of humor in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to address two main gaps in the humor literature. First, the authors summarize several challenges researchers face in defining and operationalizing humor, and offer an integrative conceptualization which may be used to consolidate and interpret seemingly disparate research streams. Second, meta‐analysis is used to explore the possibility that positive humor is associated with: employee health (e.g. burnout, health) and work‐related outcomes (e.g. performance, job satisfaction, withdrawal); with perceived supervisor/leader effectiveness (e.g. perceived leader performance, follower approval); and may mitigate the deleterious effects of workplace stress on employee burnout.Design/methodology/approach – The authors examine.
An agent-based architecture for intelligent decision support system

The Multi-agents computing paradigm offers support for large scale, widely distributed, high-performance computational systems. Several of such architectures and frameworks have been developed aimed at primarily computations in support of scientific, engineering calculations and managements [1–4]. On the other hand agent software provides a number of issues including; autonomous, integrity, flexibility, ease of use and playing a number of different roles within a web scripting languages as an essential component of interactive web content to bridge the gap in these technologies. In this paper we address the architecture that support the publishing, description, managing, and communication between the agents of the business environment based on the feature that exists in the multi-agents and the agents' behaviours. This research based on multi agents approach and its associated agent description languages are used to facilitate the construction and management of ad-hoc federated software services.
The Psychosocial Impact of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome on Siblings

Siblings’ reaction to death and parental management of sibling grief was assessed as part of a study on the psychosocial impact of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) on the family. Out of an initial probability sample of 40 families, 28 had children older than the SIDS victim, comprising a study sample of 28 mothers, 23 fathers and 78 siblings. A retrospective assessment of parents’ perceptions of their surviving children's responses to SIDS and how parents coped with this, showed a peak representation of behavioural upset during the first three months of bereavement in the majority (82%) of families. A combination of symptoms, such as seeking parental affection or attention, separation anxiety and fear of being alone, as well as incessant curiosity about the death, remained unresolved for half of these families at a mean interim of 2.9 years of the loss. Despite a high representation of symptomatic behaviour, and general parental difficulty in facilitating siblings' grief, few of families sought or were.
Bayesian Hypothesis Test Using Nonparametric Belief Propagation for Noisy Sparse Recovery

This paper proposes a low-computational Bayesian algorithm for noisy sparse recovery (NSR), called BHT-BP. In this framework, we consider an LDPC-like measurement matrices which has a tree-structured property, and additive white Gaussian noise. BHT-BP has a joint detection-and-estimation structure consisting of a sparse support detector and a nonzero estimator. The support detector is designed under the criterion of the minimum detection error probability using a nonparametric belief propagation (nBP) and composite binary hypothesis tests. The nonzeros are estimated in the sense of linear MMSE, where the support detection result is utilized. BHT-BP has its strength in noise robust support detection, effectively removing quantization errors caused by the uniform sampling-based nBP. Therefore, in the NSR problems, BHT-BP has advantages over CS-BP which is an existing nBP algorithm, being comparable to other recent CS solvers, in several aspects. In addition, we examine impact of the minimum nonzero value of sparse signals via BHT-BP, on the basis of the results. Our empirical result shows that variation of xminis reflected to recovery performance in the form of SNR shift.
Language Ideologies in English Language Learner Contexts: Implications for Latinos and Higher Education

The concept of ideologies and language ideologies that drives this study is one rooted in the social practice of people. This qualitative study seeks to develop an understanding of how teachers' language ideologies mediate their instructional practices with English language learners (ELLs). Given that success in higher education highly depends on the ability to participate in academic discourse, structuralist and reductive literacy practices, mediated by structuralist language ideologies, put ELL students at a distinct disadvantage to be full participants in higher education.
X-ray image segmentation using active contour model with global constraints

This paper presents an image segmentation method that outlines fractured bones in an X-ray image of a patient's arm within cast materials, and displays the alignment between the fractured bones. The cast material overlaying on the fractured bones creates extra noises to the X-ray image and provides challenges to the segmentation method. Our segmentation method aims on outlining the objects from a low contrast and high noise ratio of the X-ray images. A geodesic active contour model with global constraints is applied to this segmentation task. A prior shape is collected and embedded into the active contour model as a global constraint. A maximum-likelihood function is derived and used as a feedback system for each evolving process to a decision making procedure. Mutual Information is employed to measure the difference or the likelihood between the prior shape and the evolving curve. Experimental results show that the method produces the outlines of the fractured bones on the low contrast X-ray images robustly and accurately. The computation of our segmentation method is fast and efficient
A wait-free output data structure for GPU-based streaming query processing

The performance of GPU-based algorithms can be reduced significantly by contention among memory accesses and by locking. We focus on highvolume output in GPU-based algorithms for streaming query processing: a very large number of cores process input streams and simultaneously produce a sustained output stream whose volume is sometimes orders of magnitude larger than that of the input streams. In this context, several cores can produce results simultaneously that must be written in the output buffer according to some order and without conflicts with other writers. To enable this behavior, we propose a waitfree bitmap-based data structure and a usage pattern that combine to obviate the use of locks and atomic operations. In our experiments, where the GPU-based algorithm considered is otherwise unchanged, the introduction of the new wait-free data structure entails a performance improvement of one order of magnitude.
Phase-shift control in two-beam laser interference lithography

This paper presents a method of phase-shift control in two-beam laser interference lithography. In the method, a PZT actuator is used to push a mirror and introduce phase shifts in a He-Ne laser interference lithography simulation system. When different voltages are applied to the PZT actuator, fringe positions are changed accordingly, and the phase shifts are introduced. The phase shifts can be determined by fringe pattern correlation with subpixel accuracy. This method is useful in two-beam laser interference lithography for the control of phase shifts and fringe positions in interference patterns for multi-exposure patterning applications.
The velocity-shape alignment of clusters and the kinetic Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect

We use the Millennium simulation to probe the correlation between cluster velocities and their shapes and the consequences for measurements of the kinetic Sunyaev–Zeldovich (kSZ) effect. Haloes are generally prolate ellipsoids with orientations that are correlated with those of nearby haloes. We measure the mean streaming velocities of haloes along the lines that separate them, demonstrating that the peculiar velocities and the long axes of haloes tend to be somewhat aligned, especially for the most massive haloes. Since the kSZ effect is proportional to the line-of-sight velocity and the optical depth of the cluster, the alignment results in a strong enhancement of the kSZ signature in clusters moving along the line of sight. This effect has not been taken into account in many analyses of kSZ signatures.
Genomic loss of EZH2 leads to epigenetic modifications and overexpression of the HOX gene clusters in myelodysplastic syndrome

The role of EZH2 in cancer is complex and may vary depending on cancer type or stage. We examined the effect of altered EZH2 levels on H3K27 methylation, HOX gene expression, and malignant phenotype in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell lines and an in vivo xenograft model. We also studied links between EZH2 expression and prognosis in MDS patients. Patients with high-grade MDS exhibited lower levels of EZH2 expression than those with low-grade MDS. Low EZH2 expression was associated with high percentages of blasts, shorter survival, and increased transformation of MDS into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS patients frequently had reductions in EZH2 copy number. EZH2 knockdown increased tumor growth capacity and reduced H3K27me3 levels in both MDS-derived leukemia cells and in a xenograft model. H3K27me3 levels were reduced and HOX gene cluster expression was increased in MDS patients. EZH2 knockdown also increased HOX gene cluster expression by reducing H3K27me3, and H3K27 demethylating agents increased HOX gene cluster expression in MDS-derived cell lines. These findings suggest genomic loss of EZH2 contributes to overexpression of the HOX gene clusters in MDS through epigenetic modifications.
Set Them Free: Improving Data Quality by Broadening the Interviewer’s Tasks 1

The paper deals with a highly controversial issue in survey data collection: the standardization of the interviewer’s behaviour during the interviewee’s selection of response alternatives. In the light of a large set of data drawn from several methodological studies published in the last 50 years, the author documents a counter‐intuitive issue: (1) interviewer’s errors are of secondary importance and far smaller than respondents’ errors; and (2) in order to minimize respondent’s errors, we need to broaden the interviewer’s tasks. Focusing on the unsolved problem of multiple word meanings of response alternatives as a relevant part of response bias, the author argues that data quality can be achieved by entrusting to the interviewer a more active role. Of course, the aim of reducing respondent’s errors by broadening interviewer’s tasks will surely produce an increase in the interviewer’s effects on answers. However, the dilemma to be faced is which kind of errors we prefer (and are more useful) to minimize.
Hyaluronan-CD 44 Interactions Decrease the Metastatic Potential of Breast Cancer Cells

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under a Creative Commons License. Astrophysics and Space Sciences Transactions

Helioseismology, the study of solar oscillations, has proved to be an extremely powerful tool for the investigation of the internal structure and dynamics of the Sun. Here I will review the present status of helioseismic studies and comment on recent results and on prospects for future investigations to solve the most discussed open questions associated with solar structure modelling.
Auditory morphological priming in the lexicon

Abstract Three auditory lexical decision experiments were conducted which investigated how morphological structure is represented in the lexicon. The first experiment showed that morphological relationships can be represented independently of semantic relatedness. A large facilitatory priming effect was found for morphologically related words that were not semantically related (e.g. submit, permit). Significant priming was not found for words that were simply phonologically related (e.g. balloon, saloon). The second and third experiments indicated that suffixes do not have lexical representations that can be primed during lexical access; morpholgical priming was not found between words that shared a suffix (e.g. joking, typing). Formal models which propose separate lexical entries for affixes are not supported. Finally, phonological priming was observed when words shared a final syllable but not when they simply shared final segments. Models of word recognition which include a level of syllabic representa.
IDENTIFICATION OF D-ALANINE AS THE AUTO-INHIBITOR OF GERMINATION OF BACILLUS GLOBIGII SPORES.

Summary: Thick suspensions of spores of Bacillus globigii did not germinate completely in nutrient media because the first spores to germinate released a substance which inhibited germination of the remainder. The inhibitory substance was identified as d-alanine by chromatography, high voltage electrophoresis, and its destruction by d-amino acid oxidase. When 14C-l-alanine was used to induce germination of B. globigii spores, the resulting inhibitory d-alanine was 14C-labelled with the same specific activity as the 14C-l-alanine used. Auto-inhibition of B. globigii spore germination is therefore due to racemization of exogenous l-alanine, which forms sufficient d-alanine to arrest the germination process in thick suspensions of spores.
Counseling Clients with Mild Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type: A Pilot Study

Counseling those with senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT) is a new venture; previous efforts have focused on helping caregivers. Support of the clients' concerns and motivations for self-care has been overlooked. SDAT patients vary in severity of deficit, with a 14-year survival rate possible. Many remain at a mild stage for several years. Accompanying intellectual change is emotional discomfort, experienced as anxiety, fear, anger, and stress. It is not unreasonable to assume emotions affect cognitive performance adversely. We postulate that short-term counseling benefits clients by positively addressing feeling states that underlie behavior. In the present study, counselors used a profile of cognition derived from psychometric measures to provide information and to facilitate counseling. The two-step counseling model used in this study includes one session for the process of test taking and another counseling session to interpret results and provide support. From qualitative measures, we find that mildly demented individuals develop helpful attitudes, utilize coping mechanisms, and identify strategies to compensate for and deal with memory losses.
Sequential Analysis: Design Methods and Applications Sequential Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks and Effects of Long-range Dependent Data Sequential Anomaly Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks and Effects of Long-range Dependent Data

This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Abstract: Anomaly detection is important for the correct functioning of wireless sensor networks. Recent studies have shown that node mobility along with spatial correlation of the monitored phenomenon in sensor networks can lead to observation data that have long range dependency, which could significantly increase the difficulty of anomaly detection. In this article, we develop an anomaly detection scheme based on multiscale analysis of the long-range dependent traffic to address this challenge. In this proposed detection scheme, the discrete wavelet transform is used to approximately de-correlate the traffic data and capture data characteristics in different timescales. The remaining dependencies are then captured by a multilevel hidden Markov model in the wavelet domain. To estimate the model parameters, we develop an online discounting expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, which also tracks variations of the estimated models over time. Network anomalies are detected as abrupt changes in the tracked model variation scores. Statistical properties of our detection scheme are evaluated numerically using long-range dependent time series. We also evaluate our detection scheme in malicious scenarios simulated using the NS-2 network simulator.
The Dipole Radiating Integrated Module: Experimental Results

A novel printed circuit realization of a dipole radiating integrated module (RIM) is combined with the method of moments. Practical application is illustrated through the optimization of a dipole RIM input VSWR. Experimental results are presented for 2.8 GHz microstrip radiating element capable of performing a turnstile antenna as well as a phased array. The peak cross-polarization level in the upper hemisphere is at least 12 dB below the peak co-polarization level.
Vertical Integration and Trade Protection: The Case of Antidumping Duties

This paper analyzes the interaction of trade policy with the vertical structures of foreign firms exporting goods to the United States, focusing on the case of antidumping duties. I use a model that incorporates both vertical structure and the dynamics of U.S. antidumping duties to show that the policy has a notably different impact on vertically integrated and non-integrated foreign firms. I then successfully test the theoretical predictions using data on 489 antidumping cases. In particular, I find that non-integrated firms are more likely than vertically integrated firms to exit the U.S. market following the imposition of duties, and less likely to pass the duties on to consumers for certain products. My empirical findings also indicate that antidumping duties oscillate between low and high levels -a previously unnoticed, surprising and most-likely unintended consequence of the design of U.S. antidumping policy that is nevertheless predicted by my model.
What are the megahertz peaked-spectrum sources?

Megahertz peaked-spectrum (MPS) sources have spectra that peak at frequencies below 1 GHz in the observer's frame and are believed to be radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN). We recently presented a new method to search for high-redshift AGN by identifying unusually compact MPS sources. In this paper, we present European VLBI Network (EVN) observations of 11 MPS sources which we use to determine their sizes and investigate the nature of the sources with ~10 mas resolution. Of the 11 sources, we detect nine with the EVN. Combining the EVN observations with spectral and redshift information, we show that the detected sources are all AGN with linear sizes smaller than 1.1 kpc and are likely young. This shows that low-frequency colour-colour diagrams are an easy and efficient way of selecting small AGN and explains our high detection fraction (82%) in comparison to comparable surveys. Finally we argue that the detected sources are all likely compact symmetric objects and that none of the sources are blazars.