Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Subsistence to Exchange and Other Essays

Introduction, by Amartya Sen ix I. From Subsistence to Exchange 3 II. Disregard of Reality 15 III. The Land and the People 28 IV. Population Explosion: Disaster or Blessing 30 V. Foreign Aid: Abiding Issues 41 VI. Western Guilt and Third World Poverty 53 VII. The Liberal Death Wish 73 VIII. Ecclesiastical Economics: Envy Legitimized 94 IX. Hong Kong 109 X. Effective Influence on Opinion: The Shenoy Memorial Lecture 116 XI. Class on the Brain 125 XII. Egalitarianism: A Delicate Dilemma 139 Index 149
The technique of psychoanalytic psychotherapy

Part 1 Responses to interventions: confirmation of interventions failure to confirm interventions and reactions to missed interventions. Part 2 The patient-therapist relationship: the patient's reactions to the therapist - fundamental concepts the patient's reactions to the therapist - principles of techniques the therapist's reactions to the patient. Part 3 The phases of psychotherapy: the opening phase the middle phase the terminal phase and after.
The Importance Of Culture, Trust, And Habitual Patterns - Determinants Of Cross-Cultural Egovernment Adoption

The objective of this paper is to examine national cultural factors that may influence citizen adoption of eGovernment websites in two culturally different countries: Germany and Slovakia. In this purpose we developed a behavioural model basing on the three columns: Trust, culture and habitual patterns. We used the Hofstede’s national culture dimensions in combination with latest research in IS adoption and eGovernment as theoretical basement. Based on survey data collected from a total of 576 German and Slovak citizens, our research holds the following contributions: The first is, that uncertainty avoidance has a significant impact on citizens’ attitude to adopt eGovernment Services, but only in one of the two countries, which emphasizes the importance of cultural differences with respect to development stages in eGovernment in a country. Second, our data indicated that habitual patterns of citizens to personally handle services at government agencies significantly inhibit their eGovernment adoption behavior within both countries. Third, general trust and thus in the public sector and thus a governments reputation positively influences the adoption of eGovernment Services by its citizens.
Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework

If you ally obsession such a referred diagnosing and changing organizational culture based on the competing values framework books that will manage to pay for you worth, acquire the unconditionally best seller from us currently from several preferred authors. If you want to witty books, lots of novels, tale, jokes, and more fictions collections are as well as launched, from best seller to one of the most current released.
Practical Issues in Imputation-Based Association Mapping

Imputation-based association methods provide a powerful framework for testing untyped variants for association with phenotypes and for combining results from multiple studies that use different genotyping platforms. Here, we consider several issues that arise when applying these methods in practice, including: (i) factors affecting imputation accuracy, including choice of reference panel; (ii) the effects of imputation accuracy on power to detect associations; (iii) the relative merits of Bayesian and frequentist approaches to testing imputed genotypes for association with phenotype; and (iv) how to quickly and accurately compute Bayes factors for testing imputed SNPs. We find that imputation-based methods can be robust to imputation accuracy and can improve power to detect associations, even when average imputation accuracy is poor. We explain how ranking SNPs for association by a standard likelihood ratio test gives the same results as a Bayesian procedure that uses an unnatural prior assumption—specifically, that difficult-to-impute SNPs tend to have larger effects—and assess the power gained from using a Bayesian approach that does not make this assumption. Within the Bayesian framework, we find that good approximations to a full analysis can be achieved by simply replacing unknown genotypes with a point estimate—their posterior mean. This approximation considerably reduces computational expense compared with published sampling-based approaches, and the methods we present are practical on a genome-wide scale with very modest computational resources (e.g., a single desktop computer). The approximation also facilitates combining information across studies, using only summary data for each SNP. Methods discussed here are implemented in the software package BIMBAM, which is available from http://stephenslab.uchicago. edu/software.html.
Chronic lymphoproliferative disorders at an Indian tertiary cancer centre - the panel sufficiency in the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

BACKGROUND Flow cytometry has come to occupy the vanguard of the high through put diagnostic techniques that have been used to differentiate between various chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPD). However, economic considerations have created the need for minimal consensus panels that can yield maximum information at reasonable costs. AIMS To collect, analyse and correlate the morphologic, immunophenotypic, and the cytogenetic data from the cases of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders, which were diagnosed at an Indian speciality cancer centre. METHODS AND MATERIAL The morphology was recorded after staining the samples with the Leishman or the MGG stains. The lineage assignment was done by using three colour flow cytometry with a primary panel of antibodies. For the cytogenetic studies, the short term culture of the sample cells were arrested by using colcemid and they were G-banded by using trypsin and Giemsa stain. FISH studies were conducted by using a CLL-specific diagnostic kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS A total of 66 cases were evaluated, which had a median age of 64.5 years and a sex ratio of 2.3:1. Of these 66 cases, 40 cases were of CLL and 9 cases were of atypical CLL. 17 cases were classified as CLPD and these included 13 cases of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, two cases of Hairy Cell Leukaemia, one case of Follicular Lymphoma and one case of Prolymphocytic Leukaemia. In immunophenotyping, the lack of expression of CD22 had the highest correlation with a definitive diagnosis of CLL. Cytogenetics demonstrated a classical follicular lymphoma abnormality, t (14; 18) (q32; q21), in one case. A basic minimal panel is sufficient for the routine diagnosis of CLL. However, the stratification of CLPD requires the use of more extensive panels.
Incomplete Information, Higher Order Beliefs, and Price Inertia

The question that motivates this paper is how incomplete information impacts the response of prices to nominal shocks. Our baseline model is a variant of the Calvo model in which firms observe the underlying nominal shocks with noise. In this model, the response of prices is pinned down by three parameters: the precision of available information about the nominal shock, the frequency of price adjustment, and the degree of strategic complementarity in pricing decisions. This result synthesizes the broader lessons of the pertinent literature. However, this synthesis provides only a partial view of the role of incomplete information. Once one allows for more general information structures than those used in previous work, one cannot quantify the degree of price inertia without data on the dynamics of higher-order beliefs, or of the agents’ forecasts of inflation. We highlight this with three extensions of our baseline model, all of which break the tight connection between the precision of information and higher-order beliefs featured in previous work.
Two Kinds of Political Awakening in the Civic Education Classroom. A Comparative Argumentation Analysis of the “Constitutional Debates” of Two “Found-a-Village” Projects with 8th Graders

This article proposes an adaption of the Toulmin model of argumentation as a congenial method to investigate interactive political learning processes. The interactive learning environment is provided by the “Found-a-Village” project, where students simulate to establish their own social and political system. I will start my essay by introducing the “genetic” village-setting which works as a trigger for the formation of political judgment and conflict resolution skills. Then, I will define claims, grounds, warrants and premises as basic parts of Toulmin’s model. After presenting six types of politically relevant warrants, I will present a four-level-model for the analysis of political learning processes, distinguishing private, public, institutional and systemic perspectives on politics. Later on, I apply this model by comparing two quite different classes during the initial phase of their village-projects: While the “public” class uses the simulation to seriously negotiate their political values, the second class takes a fairly playful and “private” time-out from typical instruction. Both classes, at a different speed, undergo a continual development from unfounded claims and inadequate arguments to the reflection of their own and opposed political value-orientations. The analysis of implicit parts of individual argumentation confirms the method to be helpful for teachers’ diagnosis skills.
Evaluation of a career workshop program using multiple levels

EVALUATION OF A CAREER WORKSHOP PROGRAM USING MULTIPLE LEVELS by Tracy Rosario This study evaluated the effectiveness of a career workshop at a university career center using Kirkpatrick's (2006) first three levels of evaluation. Specifically, the levels of evaluation were: 1) Reaction, or how participants reacted to the overall workshop, 2) Learning, or how much of the information the participants retained, and 3) Transfer of behavior, or how often did the participants conduct the desired behaviors when in the field. The author hypothesized the results would positively support the effectiveness of the program. The level 3 evaluation (i.e., transfer of behavior) used two groups for data analysis: those who participated in the workshop and those who did not. Several analyses of the multiple levels of evaluation suggest an overall positive support for the workshop. The implications of these findings are discussed as well as recommendations for future research. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am truly grateful for all the efforts put forth by my committee members, Dr. Howard Tokunaga, Dr. Nancy Da Silva, and Mr. Joseph Bucher. Thank you for your patience and your belief that I would soon be finished. I could not have done it without your support. I would also like to express my gratitude to my wonderful parents who also unduly supported me during my entire college experience. Thank you for laying down the resources, I hope I have made you proud. I would also like to thank my fellow colleagues; there is something to be said to be around people who understand the current strains behind the thesis. That being said: thank you to all who were a constant support. I greatly appreciate it!
Market-based Control of Air-Conditioning Loads with Switching Constraints for Providing Ancillary Services

Air-conditioning loads (ACLs) are among the most promising demand side resources for their thermal storage capacity and fast response potential. This paper adopts the principle of market-based control (MBC) for the ACLs to participate in the ancillary services. The MBC method is suitable for the control of distributed ACLs because it can satisfy diversified requirements, reduce the communication bandwidth and protect users’ privacy. The modified bidding and clearing strategies proposed in this paper makes it possible to adjust the switching frequency and strictly satisfy the lockout time constraint for mechanical wear reduction and device protection, without increasing the communication traffic and computational cost of the control center. The performance of the ACL cluster in two typical ancillary services is studied to demonstrate the effect of the proposed method. The case studies also investigate how the control parameters affect the response performance, comfort level and switching frequency.
General Functional Regenerating Codes with Uncoded Repair for Distributed Storage System

Erasure codes are widely used in modern distributed storage systems to prevent data loss and server failures. Regenerating codes are a class of erasure codes that trades storage efficiency and computation for repair bandwidth reduction. However, their non-unified coding parameters and huge computation overhead prohibit their applications. Hence, we first propose a family of Functional Regenerating Codes (FRCs) with uncoded repair, balancing storage efficiency and repair bandwidth with general parameters. FRCs take advantage of a heuristic repair algorithm, which makes efforts to employ as little repair bandwidth as possible. Second, we optimize encoding by constructing the generator matrix with a bitmatrix, so encoding of FRCs can be executed by fast bitwise XORs. Further, we also optimize repairing with the Scheduled Shift Multiplication (SSM) algorithm, which accelerates the matrix product over the Galois field during repair. Compared to the traditional table-lookup multiplication algorithm, our SSM algorithm gains 1.2~2X speed-up.
AWARE: Mobile Context Instrumentation Framework

We present a mobile instrumentation toolkit, AWARE, an open-source effort to develop an extensible and reusable platform for capturing, inferring, and generating context on mobile devices. Mobile phones are sensor-rich but resource-constrained, and therefore several considerations need to be addressed when creating a research tool that ensures problem-free context collection. We demonstrate how AWARE can mitigate researchers’ effort when building mobile data-logging tools and context-aware applications, with minimal battery impact. By encapsulating implementation details of sensor data retrieval and exposing the sensed context as higher-level abstractions, AWARE shifts the focus from software development to data analysis, both quantitative and qualitative. We have evaluated AWARE in several case studies and discuss its use, power consumption, and scalability.
Towards Dynamic Adaptive Automated Test Generation for Graphical User Interfaces

Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) present an enormous number of potential event sequences to users. During testing it is necessary to cover this space, however the complexity of modern GUIs has made this an increasingly difficult task. Our past work has demonstrated that it is important to incorporate ``context'' into GUI test cases, in terms of event combinations, event sequence length, and by considering all possible starting and ending positions for each event. Despite the use of our most refined modeling techniques, many of the generated test cases remain unexecutable. In this paper, we posit that due to the dynamic state-based nature of GUIs, it is important to incorporate feedback from the execution of tests into test case generation algorithms. We propose the use of an evolutionary algorithm to generate test suites with fewer unexecutable test cases and higher event interaction coverage.
A simple analysis of the Dick effect in terms of phase noise spectral densities

In cold-atom frequency standards based on the Ramsey double interaction method, the phase noise of the interrogating signal appears as a random "end-to-end phase difference", thereby introducing frequency noise in the loop. This phenomenon is analyzed in this paper in the Fourier frequency domain, using phase noise power spectral densities S/sub /spl phi//(f). In continuously operated standards, the excess noise thus introduced is servoed out in the long term to become eventually smaller than the atomic shot noise, whereas in standards with pulsed operation the phase noise around even harmonics of the pulse rate is down-converted by aliasing to base band. This latter mechanism is referred to in the literature as Dick effect. In this paper, a model of the frequency control servo system is proposed, in which the input signal is the (known) local oscillator (LO) phase noise S/sub /spl phi//(f) and the output signal is the (unknown) phase noise S/sub /spl phi//(f) of the standard in closed loop operation. The level of excess white frequency noise added by aliasing on the stabilized LO through the Dick effect can be related analytically to the characteristics of the free LO phase noise. From this, the stability limitation (with slope /spl tau//sup -1/2/) typical of the Dick effect can then be obtained by the usual conversion formulas based on the power law model.
Transcranial doppler ultrasound criteria for recanalization after thrombolysis for middle cerebral artery stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial Doppler (TCD) can demonstrate arterial occlusion and subsequent recanalization in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Limited data exist to assess the accuracy of recanalization by TCD criteria. METHODS In patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion treated with intravenous tPA, we compared posttreatment TCD with angiography (digital subtraction or magnetic resonance). On TCD, complete occlusion was defined by absent or minimal signals, partial occlusion by blunted or dampened signals, and recanalization by normal or stenotic signals. Angiography was evaluated with the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Ischemia (TIMI) grading scale. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were studied (age 61+/-18 years, 16 men and 9 women). TCD was performed at 12+/-16 hours and angiography at 41+/-57 hours after stroke onset, with 52% of studies performed within 3 hours of each other. Recanalization on TCD had the following accuracy parameters compared with angiography: sensitivity 91%, specificity 93%, positive predictive value (PPV) 91%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 93%. To predict partial occlusion (TIMI grade II), TCD had sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 76%, PPV of 44%, and NPV of 100%. TCD predicted the presence of complete occlusion on angiography (TIMI grade 0 or I) with sensitivity of 50%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, and NPV of 75%. TCD flow signals correlated with angiographic patency (chi(2)=24.2, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Complete MCA recanalization on TCD accurately predicts angiographic findings. Although a return to normal flow dynamics on TCD was associated with complete angiographic resumption of flow, partial signal improvement on TCD corresponded with persistent occlusion on angiography.
Scalable and Secure Aggregation in Distributed Networks

We consider the problem of computing an aggregation function in a secure and scalable way. Whereas previous distributed solutions with similar security guarantees have a communication cost of $O(n^3)$, we present a distributed protocol that requires only a communication complexity of $O(n\log^3 n)$, which we prove is near-optimal. Our protocol ensures perfect security against a computationally-bounded adversary, tolerates $(1/2-\epsilon)n$ malicious nodes for any constant $1/2 > \epsilon > 0$ (not depending on $n$), and outputs the exact value of the aggregated function with high probability.
Software defects and their impact on system availability-a study of field failures in operating systems

Defects reported between 1986 and 1989 in the MVS operating system are studied in order to gain the insight needed to provide a clear strategy for avoiding or tolerating them. Typical defects (regular) are compared to those that corrupt a program's memory (overlay), given that overlays are considered by field services to be particularly hard to find and fix. It is shown that the impact of an overlay defect is, on average, much higher than that of a regular defect, that boundary conditions and allocation management are the major causes of overlay defects, not timing, and that most overlays are small and corrupt data near the data that the programmer meant to update. Further analysis is provided on defects in fixes to other defects, failure symptoms, and the impact of defects on customers. <<ETX>>
Exploring emerging learning needs: a UK-wide consultation on environmental sustainability learning objectives for medical education

Objectives This study aimed to engage wide-ranging stakeholders and develop consensus learning objectives for undergraduate and postgraduate medical education. Methods A UK-wide consultation garnered opinions of healthcare students, healthcare educators and other key stakeholders about environmental sustainability in medical education. The policy Delphi approach informed this study. Draft learning objectives were revised iteratively during three rounds of consultation: online questionnaire or telephone interview, face-to-face seminar and email consultation. Results Twelve draft learning objectives were developed based on review of relevant literature. In round one, 64 participants’ median ratings of the learning objectives were 3.5 for relevance and 3.0 for feasibility on a Likert scale of one to four. Revisions were proposed, e.g. to highlight relevance to public health and professionalism. Thirty three participants attended round two. Conflicting opinions were explored. Added content areas included health benefits of sustainable behaviours. To enhance usability, restructuring provided three overarching learning objectives, each with subsidiary points. All participants from rounds one and two were contacted in round three, and no further edits were required. Conclusions This is the first attempt to define consensus learning objectives for medical students about environmental sustainability. Allowing a wide range of stakeholders to comment on multiple iterations of the document stimulated their engagement with the issues raised and ownership of the resulting learning objectives.
Analysis of Biomimetics in the Application of Robotic Locomotion with a Focus on Structures , Materials and Dynamics

Biomimetics is the study and analysis of natural systems to inform engineering design and technology development. Through interdisciplinary research and analysis of natural phenomena, engineers are able to gain valuable insight to drive efficient and robust innovation. A critical understanding of nature's design constraints is necessary to effectively create an optimized bio-inspired design. A literature review of bio-inspired design is conducted with a focus on structures, dynamics and materials in the context of robotic locomotion. The biomimetic process in the read literature is analyzed for procedure and accomplishment. A generalized method of biomimetics is presented, based on the studied work. It is concluded that successful biomimetics requires four key elements: (1) a clear understanding of the natural system, gained through depth of biological study, (2) the development of a simplified model that encompasses the core elements of the natural system, (3) the design of a synthetic system that meets the model's specifications, and (4) engineering optimization to improve the final design. Thesis Supervisor: James H. Williams Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Writing and Humanistic Studies