Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the use of ionosonde profiles in the Electron Density Assimilative Model (EDAM)

Ground based measurements of slant total electron content (TEC) can be assimilated into ionospheric models to produce 3D representations of ionospheric electron density. The Electron Density Assimilative Model (EDAM) has been developed for this purpose. Previous tests using EDAM and ground based data have demonstrated that the information on the vertical structure of the ionosphere is limited in this type of data. However, information regarding the profile peak below the F2 layer can be obtained by assimilating data from ionosondes into EDAM. EDAM assimilations, focused on the Republic of South Africa (RSA) have been run for periods in November 2008 and February/March 2009. For each run three datasets will be ingested: only GPS TEC data; only ionosonde data: GPS TEC data and ionosonde data.
The different treatment modalities of pyopneumothorax- Study of 50 cases -

Background: Pyopneumothorax is defined as a collection of pus and air in the pleural cavity. It may be localised (encapsulated) or it may involve the entire pleural cavity. In India, Pyopneumothorax with pre-existing disease is treated with antimicrobial multiple antituberculous drugs and Intercostal drainage tube or surgery. Aims & Objective: (1) To know the age and sex incidence. (2) To study clinical presentation and characteristics of mode of onset (3) To obtain relationship with smoking. (4) To emphasise the importance of radiological and other investigations as an aid to diagnosis and management. (5) To find out the underlying lung pathology if any. (6) To decide the response to various modes of treatment. (7) To understand the complications of Pyopneumothorax. Material and Methods: This is a progressive study of 50 Indoor patients with pyopneumothorax admitted in the civil hospital, Ahmedabad in consecutive 3 years. Traumatic pyopneumothorax patients were excluded from the Study. The response to various modes of treatment and complications were noted. Results: The age incidences indicate that it was high in 21-30 years of age. Most common complaints were cough followed by dyspnoea and chest pain. The mycobacterium tuberculosis was the most common etiological factor. The best modality of treatment was intercostal drainage by tube with antibiotic coverage. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is main etiology in country like India. Intercostal drainage with under water seal was the treatment of choice in most of the patients. The commonest complication following ICD was surgical emphysema.
Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology Interval Estimation of Familial Correlations from Pedigrees

We study the estimation of familial correlations from pedigree data without the assumption of multivariate normality, using asymptotic results to obtain standard errors and confidence intervals. Two extreme weights that can be given to pairs of observations from relatives in pedigrees are pair-wise weights, in which each pair is given the same weight, and uniform weights, in which each pedigree is given the same weight. A best weighted average of these two estimates for a particular correlation as well as its standard error are derived using quadratic models for the estimates and their variances. Conclusions regarding the adequacy of the method in terms of bias, absolute bias, variance, and confidence interval coverage probabilities are presented on the basis of results from simulation studies. We determine under what circumstances the nominal 95 percent confidence intervals have excellent average coverage of the true values even for samples of small size and under what circumstances the results must be viewed with caution. We then describe a procedure by which, for both small family and large family structures, we find that the estimates we recommend provide accurate results.
Specificities of Lung Adenocarcinoma in Women Who Have Never Smoked

Introduction: No clear data are available on the high rate of tobacco-independent lung cancer in women. We hypothesize that genetic events or hormonal factors may be partly involved. Methods: We aimed to compare clinical, pathological, and biological characteristics of lung cancer in two cohorts of women: smokers and never-smokers. A total of 140 women (63 never-smokers and 77 former/current smokers) with adenocarcinoma, were included in this study. Results: The never-smokers were characterized by a higher age (67 versus 58.7 years; p < 0.0001) and a higher frequency of lepidic features (60.3% versus 37.7%; p = 0.008) compared with smokers. We observed differential genetic alteration repartition in women according to their tobacco status: 50.8% of never-smokers displayed an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation versus 10.4% of smokers (p < 0.001). In contrast, K-Ras was more frequently mutated in smokers (33.8%) than in never-smokers (9.5%; p = 0.001). We also observed a higher percentage of estrogen receptors (ER) &agr; expression (p = 0.03; and p = 0.008 with two different antibodies) in patients who never smoked when compared with smokers. There was no significant difference in ER&bgr; and progesterone receptors between the groups. Finally, ER&agr; expression was correlated with the presence of an EGFR mutation. Conclusions: This study suggests that when lung cancer occurs in women who have never smoked, it is more frequently associated with an EGFR mutation and ER&agr; expression, with a correlation between both markers. These findings underline the possibility of treating women who have never smoked by targeting both hormonal factors and genetic abnormalities.
SEMIOTICS OF TOURISM

Semiotique de l'acte touristique comme acte d'appropriation symbolique, a travers des exemples, de Stendhal a Barthes en passant par le Grand Canyon: phenomenologie de l'objet et du site touristique comme marque, reduction du different a l'identique par une ritualisation du voyage et des objets.
Ovid's Canace: Dramatic Irony in Heroides 11

Heroides 11 has long enjoyed a favourable reputation among critics, largely because Ovid appears to show a tactful restraint in his description of Canace's last moments and to refrain, for once in the Heroides, from descending into what Jacobson terms ‘nauseating mawkishness’. Despite appearances, however, Ovid's wit is not entirely extinguished in this poem, for a devastating irony accompanies the certainty of Canace's imminent death. My objective is to demonstrate the nature of this irony by adopting a methodological approach which owes much to Kennedy's analysis of Heroides 1 in the light of the later books of the Odyssey. Kennedy's argument – that without knowing it Penelope is about to give her letter to its intended addressee – is based on two premises which are postulated by the epistolary mode of the poem. The first is that we are to imagine Ovid's heroines writing at a specific moment within a dramatic context; the second is that they have a specific motive for writing at that moment. In Kennedy's hands, this approach assumes the privileged position of the reader of Heroides 1 who, through access to the Odyssey, is alive to the ironies which Ovid's Penelope cannot realize. I propose to establish a similarly privileged position for the reader of Heroides 11, a position from which Canace's death can be seen to be both ill-timed and unnecessary. The key to identifying the ironic circumstances of Canace's death lies in reconstructing the background to the Canace and Macareus myth and the possible precedents which Ovid drew on in his treatment of the story. The situation is more complex than in the case of Heroides 1, however, since the literary sources familiar to Ovid and his readers have, in this instance, largely been lost to us and can only be reconstructed from fragmentary evidence.
Scalable framework for parsing: from Fortress to JavaScript

Programming languages grow over time that requires frequent changes in language manipulations such as compilation, interpretation, and analysis. Because the very first step of most language manipulations is parsing, whether parsing can adapt to changes easily, quickly, and correctly, it affects the scalability of language manipulations. Even though various parsing techniques have been well studied theoretically, their practical experiences in scalable frameworks have not been available.
Quality control of automatically defined cancer cases by the automated registration system of the Venetian Tumour Registry. Quality control of cancer cases automatically registered.

BACKGROUND In the Venetian Tumour Registry a substantial quota of cases (55%) is accepted using an algorithm that automatically evaluates diagnostic evidence: this study aims at assessing the reliability of the information produced in this way. METHODS A reabstraction study was conducted, which put a stratified sample of 1539 automatically accepted cases through a double-blind manual revision. RESULTS A significantly higher proportion of prevalent cases were found among breast, prostate and larynx cancer cases without microscopic confirmation, while there is a clear strong inverse relationship between the number of concordant diagnostic sources and the proportions of discordant diagnoses: cases based only on a single cytology record are particularly unreliable. A small number of multiple cancers are not detected because of one of the rules applied. CONCLUSION The overall proportion of incorrect decisions is not high and similar to those reported by other registries, but errors are correlated to the diagnostic evidence pattern. As a further check, we decided to revise clinical cases for the three sites mentioned manually, in order to reduce the numbers proportion of both prevalent cases, and all cytology-based diagnoses, so as to reduce the number of 'false positives'. Coverage of hospital discharge source has been extended in order to decrease the proportion of cases based only on pathology records.
Adaptation and Validation of the Standardized Assessment of Personality – Abbreviated Scale as a Self-Administered Screening Test (SA-SAPAS)

Personality disorder assessments are time-intensive and require trained interviewers. They are unlikely to be performed on a routine basis. In clinical and general populations, there is a requirement for short and robust self-administered screening tests for personality disorders. We first translated the original form of the SAPAS into French and validated it in a clinical sample (n=28). This adaptation revealed properties similar to those of the original version. The first and second studies validated the adaptation of the SA-SAPAS as a self-administered questionnaire in clinical (n=45) and general (n=186) populations. We were able to use the same cut-off (score ≥ 2) in both the clinical and general populations and this permitted correct identification in 89% of the clinical subjects (sensitivity of 97.3%; specificity of 50%) and 86% in the general population (sensitivity of 87.5%; specificity of 85.7%). These results suggest possible applications for researchers and clinicians, either as a routine screening test or as a selection tool in both general and clinical populations.
Multiplexing Sense-Amplifier-Based Magnetic Flip-Flop in a 28-nm FDSOI Technology

A novel low-power nonvolatile magnetic flip-flop is introduced in this paper. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy spin torque transfer magnetic tunnel junction (STT-MTJ) is used to design the hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuit, which is implemented with 28-nm high-κ metal gate and planar ultrathin body and buried oxide fully depleted silicon on insulator technology. The proposed flip-flop structure named SA-MFF shares a sensing amplifier for normal flip-flop mode and nonvolatile data sensing mode. The modified latch at output stage improves flip-flop latency. The proposed SA-MFF is symmetrical, which provides an equal delay for both true and complementary outputs. It can strengthen weak input signals (minimum 300 mV) and latch them to supply voltage. Forward body biasing transistors allow for fast operation and minimum energy consumption across all modes. The proposed SA-MFF achieves 45.2-ps latency, 50.1-ps clock to output delay, 12.71 μW active power and 343.6 nW of leakage power with 1-V supply voltage, and 6.47-μm × 4.54 μm layout area. Moreover, reliability issues are highlighted with reliability-aware simulations. Process variations of transistors/MTJs and stochastic characteristics of MTJs are investigated. Clock jitter effect and flip-flop metastability are studied.
Dissipative two-four methods for time-dependent problems

A generalization of the Lax-Wendroff method is presented. This generalization bears the same relationship to the two-step Richtmyer method as the KreissOliger scheme does to the leapfrog method. Variants based on the MacCormack method are considered as well as extensions to parabolic problems. Extensions to two dimensions are analyzed, and a proof is presented for the stability of a Thommentype algorithm. Numerical results show that the phase error is considerably reduced from that of second-order methods and is similar to that of the Kreiss-Oliger method. Furthermore, the (2, 4) dissipative scheme can handle shocks without the necessity for an artificial viscosity.
Dosage and Temporal Thresholds in microRNA Proteomics*

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate protein and mRNA expression through translational repression and/or mRNA decay. In this study, we combined SILAC-based proteomics and RNAseq to identify primary targets based on measurements of protein and mRNA repression and analysis of transcript 3′UTR sequences. The primary target set was used to compare different prediction algorithms, revealing higher stringency of selection by Targetscan and PITA compared with miRanda, at the expense of higher false negatives. A key finding was that significant and unexpected variations occurred in the kinetics of repression as well as the sensitivity to exogeneous miRNA concentration. Bimodal thresholds were observed, which distinguished responses to low (10 nm) versus high (50–100 nm) miRNA, as well as the onset of repression at early (12–18 h) versus late (36–48 h) times. Similar behavior was seen at the transcript level with respect to kinetics of repression. The differential thresholds were most strongly correlated with ΔΔG, the net free energy of miRNA-target interactions, which mainly reflected inverse correlations with ΔGopen, the free energy of forming 3′UTR secondary structures, at or nearby the miRNA seed matching sites. Thus, our working model is that protein binding or other competitive mechanisms variably interfere with the accessibility of miRISC to the transcript binding site. In addition, biphasic responses were observed in a subset of proteins that were partially down-regulated at early times, and further down-regulated at later times. Taken together, our findings provide evidence for varying modes of miRNA target repression, which lead to different thresholds of target responses with respect to kinetics and concentration, and predict that certain transcripts will show graded responses in sensitivity and fold-change under cellular conditions that lead to varying steady state miRNA levels.
Factors influencing accommodation responses of the human eye.

Experiments are reported showing that a variety of clues such as chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, or astigmatism may be used to decide whether a monocularly viewed out-of-focus target requires an increase or decrease of accommodation for it to be refocused. When these clues are removed the initial direction of accommodation readjustment may be in error.
A study on rate control method for MP@HL encoder with parallel encoder architecture using picture partitioning

This paper proposes rate control methods for parallel encoder architecture using picture partitioning, which is often used for MPEG-2 VIDEO Main Profile @ High Level (MP@HL) encoders. Partitioning boundaries are sometimes visible in decoded pictures because of control discontinuity. An adaptive bitrate allocation scheme is proposed to reduce the discontinuity of picture quality around partitioning boundaries. Quantizer scale (Qscale) restriction in rate control is also proposed for further improvement. Computer simulation results show that both optimum bitrate allocation and discontinuity reduction around the partitioning boundaries are achieved with the proposed methods.
Recent advances in robotic surgery in female urology

Pelvic organ prolapse and lower urinary tract fistulas are two disorders frequently managed in female urology. New techniques have been adapted and improved to decrease morbidity and improve clinical outcomes of these disorders. The adaptation of minimally‐invasive approaches for the management of pelvic organ prolapse and lower urinary tract fistulas began with laparoscopy. However, laparoscopic surgery has not gained widespread popularity as a result of the associated technical challenges, such as intracorporeal suturing and pelvic dissection. Robotic surgery has been widely carried out in urological oncology since 2001, and has been widely adapted because of its advantages over conventional laparoscopy for the management of pelvic organ prolapse and lower urinary tract fistulas. The current literature has shown the safety, feasibility and favorable clinical outcomes of robotic surgery for the treatment of these disorders. Robotic surgery in the management of pelvic organ prolapse and lower urinary tract fistula repairs might offer a promising advancement and benefits. However, further long‐term data should be followed to assess the durability of this newer, and minimally‐invasive approach.
Deep Network Embedding with Aggregated Proximity Preserving

Network embedding is an effective method to learn a low-dimensional feature vector representation for each node of a given network. In this paper, we propose a deep network embedding model with aggregated proximity preserving (DNEAPP). Firstly, an overall network proximity matrix is generated to capture both local and global network structural information, by aggregating different k-th order network proximities between different nodes. Then, a semi-supervised stacked auto-encoder is employed to learn the hidden representations which can best preserve the aggregated proximity in the original network, and also map the node pairs with higher proximity closer to each other in the embedding space. With the hidden representations learned by DNE-APP, we apply vector-based machine learning techniques to conduct node classification and link label prediction tasks on the real-world datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed DNE-APP model over the state-of-the-art network embedding algorithms.
Successful treatment of intestinal hemorrhage in a Jehovah's Witness patient

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Intrinsic Factors Influencing Post Stroke Brain Reorganization

Abstract Reorganization of the brain, specifically the motor cortex surrounding the stroke, accounts for much of the observed neurological recovery following stroke. Not surprisingly, size of the stroke lesion has the greatest impact on neurological recovery in both animal and clinical research studies. Spontaneous recovery of lost function is possible after a cortical lesion, particularly if the lesion is small. Age correlates negatively with recovery; older individuals generally demonstrate slower and less complete recovery. However, age by itself is a poor predictor of functional recovery.
A compact multiband microstrip patch antenna with U-shaped parasitic elements

A compact multiband design of a printed microstrip patch antenna with two rectangular U-shaped parasitic elements is introduced in this paper. The rectangular U-shaped parasitic elements were used for the 2nd and 3nd mode excitation, multi-band resonance and control of the resonance frequencies. The simulation and measurement results showed that the antenna resonates at the frequencies of 2:6 GHz, 6.0 GHz, and 8.5 GHz. The antenna has an overall area of 40.0 × 30.0 mm2.
The First Year After Colorectal Surgery in the Elderly

Purpose Surgery for colorectal malignancy is increasingly being performed in the elderly. Little is known about the impact of complications on late mortality. This study aimed to analyze whether a complicated postoperative course affects the 1-year survival in elderly patients. Methods All consecutive patients older than 75 years of age who underwent colorectal cancer surgery between January 2009 and April 2013 were included in this study. The main outcome was mortality at 1 year after surgery. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for a poor outcome (mortality) after survival of the early postoperative course of surgery at 1-year follow-up. Patients who died within 30 days postoperatively were excluded from analysis. Results The early mortality rate was 6.3% (n = 15), and 2 patients died during follow-up as a result of complications after a second surgery. A total of 223 patients survived the perioperative period and were included in this study. Twenty-two patients (9.9%) died during the first year of follow-up. Stage IV disease (P = 0.002), complications of primary surgery (P = 0.016), and comorbidity (P = 0.050) were risk factors for 1-year mortality. Intensive care unit stay, reoperation and readmission were not associated with a worse 1-year outcome. Conclusion Elderly patients with stage IV disease at the time of surgery, comorbidity, and postoperative complications are at risk for mortality during the first year after surgery. A patient-tailored approach with special attention to perioperative care should be considered in the elderly.