Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TowerDefense: Deployment strategies for battling against IP prefix hijacking

IP prefix hijacking is one of the top security threats targeting today's Internet routing protocol. Several schemes have been proposed to either detect or mitigate prefix hijacking events. However, none of these approaches is adopted and deployed on a large-scale on the Internet for reasons such as scalability, economical practicality, or unrealistic assumptions about the collaborations among ISPs. Thus there are no actionable and deployable solutions for dealing with prefix hijacking. In this paper, we study key issues related to deploying and operating an IP prefix hijacking detection and mitigation system. Our contributions include (i) deployment strategies for hijacking detection and mitigation system (named as TowerDefense): a practical service model for prefix hijacking protection and effective algorithms for selecting agent locations for detecting and mitigating prefix hijacking attacks; and (ii) large scale experiments on PlanetLab and extensive analysis on the performance of TowerDefense.
Random Walk Representation of the Lattice Fermionic Propagators and the Quark Model

A representation of the continuum fermionic propagator as a sum of directed random walks on a lattice is presented. Also a random walk representation for the lattice fermionic propagators is developed for the case of the naive, the Wilson, and the Kogut-Susskind fermions. For the naive fermions the phenomenon of fermion doubling appears as having $2^{D}$ distinct spin factors being associated with a single path in $D$-dimensions. In the case of the Wilson and the Kogut-Susskind fermions, in the naive continuum limit, the path integral representation coincides with the path integral representation for the continuum fermionic propagator. Using this representation the Green's functions of lattice QCD involving quark operators are written as a sum over the paths of valence quark, the gauge fields and the sea quarks being integrated out. Possible advantages of such a representation are illustrated by showing how one can use numerical simulations to obtain a heuristic insight into the relationship between QCD and the constituent quark model.
Postpartum Practices and Depression Prevalences: Technocentric and Ethnokinship Cultural Perspectives

Reports of non-Western prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) are highly variable. This variation may indicate that the label of PPD may be unacceptable in some groups or not used, that manifestations may vary by culture, or that cross-cultural diagnostic standards do not match Western clinical criteria. These factors complicate efforts to explore the relationship of postpartum traditional practices to PPD between Western and non-Western cultures. Although Stern and Kruckman viewed PPD as a culture-bound phenomenon of Western culture, an expanding international literature has demonstrated that PPD occurs in a variety of countries. To address these issues, the authors examined the literature to describe cultural postpartum traditions, to explore possible relationships among practices and PPD prevalence, to critique the culture-bound theory, and to discuss clinical practice implications.
Does Captopril Have a Direct Pro-Apoptotic Effect?

The beneficial effect of ACE inhibitors on cardiovascular remodelling from hypertension and ischemic disease may be due to the effect of these drugs on the proliferation/cell death balance. We therefore investigated the effect of the addition of captopril in vitro, on the onset of apoptosis in human vascular myocytes, by using a propidium iodide fluorescence analysis and a morphological analysis using the acridine orange technique. Captopril (0.23 mM) caused an increase in apoptotic phenomena that was more than 3.5-fold than in controls both at the 24th (7.7 vs. 2%) and the 48th h (10.1 vs. 3.8%). The addition of propranolol strengthened the effect on apoptosis. The induction of apoptotic phenomena may be a mechanism by which ACE inhibitors affect cardiovascular remodelling and it might also explain the favorable effect these drugs have on diseases such as IgA nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy.
All-optical 80-Gb/s add-drop multiplexer using fiber-based nonlinear optical loop mirror

We propose and demonstrate a novel scheme of the all-optical, high-speed add-drop multiplexer (ADM) for the optical time-division multiplexed signal. The ADM employs a single nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) composed of an optical fiber. The key technical point of this scheme is the simultaneous use of the reflection mode (add function) and the transmission mode (drop function) of the NOLM, which results in significant simplification of the overall ADM configuration. Experimental results show that simultaneous add-drop operation at 80 Gb/s can be successfully achieved without bit errors.
How to Split a Shared Secret into Shared Bits in Constant-Round

We show that if a set of players hold shares of a value a 2 Zp for some prime p (where the set of shares is written [a]p), it is possible to compute, in constant round and with unconditional security, sharings of the bits of a, i.e. compute sharings [a0]p; : : : ; [a‘ 1]p such
Adherence to Worksite Exercise Programs

1. Improving worker physical fitness through worksite exercise programs offers many benefits to the employee and the employer. Unfortunately, a small percentage of workers who begin an exercise program adhere to it. 2. It is essential to design program strategies to promote exercise adherence among persons who do not currently exercise at levels that achieve health benefits. 3. The results of this review of worksite research suggest a number of strategies that were successful in increasing at least short term exercise adherence. 4. Carefully controlled studies are needed to identify specific worksite exercise interventions or combination of interventions that maximize the initiation of exercise as well as short and long term adherence. A combination of strategies improves exercise adherence for at least 6 months, but more research is needed to determine long term maintenance of an exercise program.
Aspects of Quality in TV Programming

The quality of the output from various television channels and systems is often discussed but seldom rated or measured in any systematic way. However, due to a Japanese initiative undertaken some years ago, an international group of scholars met and decided to undertake comparative studies of television quality in terms of a characteristic often regarded as basic to overall channel quality: the diversity of a given television channel. An instrument of measurement was designed by a member of the international team and applied to television content from Canada, Great Britain, Japan, Sweden and the United States. This article presents a follow-up study, comparing diversity in Swedish television and radio channels during 1992 to 1995. The results show that Swedish Television increased its diversity during this period, while Swedish Radio decreased its diversity. At the end of the article, a short discussion of potential developments with regard to digitalized television is presented.
Optimal geometric modeler for robot motion planning

Planning collision-free trajectories under real-time restrictions is a challenging topic in robotics. In order to reduce computational cost in the collision avoidance process, some authors have proposed different model representations. This article presents an optimal method able to generate automatically geometric models of the objects in a robotic system. For each object, two models are obtained, i.e., the minimum outer and the maximum inner models. Availability of both models allows one to face more successfully robot motion applications. The geometric modeler is focused on the generation of spherically extended polytopes. Each object to model is represented by a set of points taken from its surface. Models are generated through the application of an iterative process based on the Hough transform. When both outer and inner models have been generated, a parameter for evaluating the quality of the models is introduced. This parameter can be used by a rule-based system for increasing the complexity of the model generated and improving, therefore, the accuracy of the representation. 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Losing the whole child? A national survey of primary education training provision for spiritual, moral, social and cultural development

International concerns about the performativity agenda in schools gives rise to concerns about the neglect of a holistic approach to teaching and learning. Whilst schools in England and Wales are legally obliged to promote the spiritual, moral, social and cultural (SMSC) development of children, little is known about how initial teacher training providers prepare trainees to do so. This project aims to address this gap in the literature. This paper details the findings of phase one of a National Survey which investigates trainers’ approaches to delivery and their views on the place of SMSC in primary schools. Findings suggest that trainers value SMSC, but time devoted to it is relatively low and policy changes are perceived to threaten SMSC’s security. The paper argues that it is vital that trainers empower trainees to understand the importance of holistic themes of their respective curricula, informed by critical engagement with theory, in order to avoid them being overshadowed by the performativity discourse.
Inference models for Twitter user's home location prediction

Twitter has emerged as one of the most powerful micro-blogging services for real-time sharing of information on the web. A large base of Twitter users tend to post short messages of 140 characters (Tweets) reflecting a variety of topics. Location-based-services (LBSs) may be built on top of microblogs to provide for targeted advertisement, news recommendation, or even microblogs personalization. Knowing the user's home location would empower such LBSs. In this paper, we propose prediction models to infer the users' home location based on their social graph and tweets content. The problem is non trivial as the tweets are short and not many people like to share their location for privacy concerns. Our extensive performance evaluation on a publicly available dataset demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed models. The proposed models outperform the competitive state-of-the-art home location inference techniques that are based on the social graph, tweet content, and both by a relative gain in the F-measure of up to 37.71%, 29%, and 9.06%, respectively.
From Dysappearance to Hyperappearance: Sliding Boundaries of Illness and Bodies

Ten recent empirical studies of the body are reviewed with particular reference to illness. Discussion is organized around the relations of body to world, body to self, social mediations of embodiment and physical reshapings of the body. Particular attention is given to recent work of Kathy Davis on elective cosmetic surgery, Emily Martin on the immune system, Kay Toombs on the phenomenology of chronic illness, and Iris Marion Young on women's embodiment.
Performance of salivary cortisol in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome, adrenal incidentaloma, and adrenal insufficiency.

OBJECTIVE Salivary cortisol has recently been suggested for studies on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The lack of circadian rhythm is a marker of Cushing's syndrome (CS), and some authors have reported that low salivary cortisol levels may be a marker of adrenal insufficiency. The aim of our study was to define the role of salivary cortisol in specific diagnostic settings of HPA axis disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We analyzed morning salivary cortisol (MSC) and late-night salivary CORTISOL (LNSC) levels in 406 SUBJECTS: 52 patients with Cushing's disease (CD), 13 with ectopic CS, 17 with adrenal CS, 27 with CD in remission (a mean follow-up of 66±39 months), 45 with adrenal incidentaloma, 73 assessed as having CS and then ruled out for endogenous hypercortisolism, 75 with adrenal insufficiency, and 104 healthy subjects. RESULTS A LNSC value above 5.24 ng/ml differentiated CS patients from controls with high sensitivity (96.3%) and specificity (97.1%); we found higher LNSC levels in ectopic CS patients than in CD patients. We found no difference in MSC and LNSC levels between patients with CD in remission and healthy subjects. Both MSC and LNSC levels were higher in patients with adrenal incidentaloma than in healthy controls. A MSC value below 2.65 ng/ml distinguished patients with adrenal insufficiency from controls with high sensitivity (97.1%) and specificity (93.3%). CONCLUSIONS Salivary cortisol is a useful tool to assess endogenous cortisol excess or adrenal insufficiency and to evaluate stable CD in remission.
Helix-packing motifs in membrane proteins

The fold of a helical membrane protein is largely determined by interactions between membrane-imbedded helices. To elucidate recurring helix–helix interaction motifs, we dissected the crystallographic structures of membrane proteins into a library of interacting helical pairs. The pairs were clustered according to their three-dimensional similarity (rmsd ≤1.5 Å), allowing 90% of the library to be assigned to clusters consisting of at least five members. Surprisingly, three quarters of the helical pairs belong to one of five tightly clustered motifs whose structural features can be understood in terms of simple principles of helix–helix packing. Thus, the universe of common transmembrane helix-pairing motifs is relatively simple. The largest cluster, which comprises 29% of the library members, consists of an antiparallel motif with left-handed packing angles, and it is frequently stabilized by packing of small side chains occurring every seven residues in the sequence. Right-handed parallel and antiparallel structures show a similar tendency to segregate small residues to the helix–helix interface but spaced at four-residue intervals. Position-specific sequence propensities were derived for the most populated motifs. These structural and sequential motifs should be quite useful for the design and structural prediction of membrane proteins.
CORTISOL REACTIVITY TO EXPERIMENTALLY MANIPULATED PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS IN YOUNG ADULTS AT VARIED RISK FOR DEPRESSION

This study examined cortisol and affective reactivity to a psychosocial stress task in 102 young adults who varied in risk for depression (56 remitted depressed, 46 never depressed). Participants were randomly assigned to either a stress (i.e., social‐evaluative threat) or control (i.e., no social‐evaluative threat) condition. For never‐depressed individuals, cortisol responses were significantly greater in the stress compared to the control condition. Moreover, cortisol responses were significantly greater for never‐depressed than remitted‐depressed individuals in the stress condition. For individuals with a history of depression, cortisol responses did not differ significantly between the stress and control conditions. Negative affective reactivity also was higher for never depressed, but not remitted depressed, individuals in the stress compared to the control condition. Moreover, cortisol responses were inversely related to negative affect during the recovery phase in both stress and control conditions. Findings indicate the lack of a robust cortisol response to social evaluation stress among remitted‐depressed individuals as compared to that of never‐depressed controls. Future studies should investigate unique and interactive links between these hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal and affective reactivity alterations and risk for subsequent depressive episodes.
Challenges for Security Typed Web Scripting Languages Design

This paper focuses on the different challenges to design a security typed web scripting language. It uses the type system approach on a simple imperative language that captures a subset of the security typed Web language constructs to express the security properties that must be held in the language with respect to its formal semantics to prevent insecure information flow in Web application system and hence the common Web application security vulnerabilities.
64-Channel multi-detector row CT angiographic evaluation of the micropigs for potential living donor lung transplantation

Micropigs are the most likely source animals for xenotransplantation. However, an appropriate method for evaluating the lung of micropigs had not been established. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of 64-channel multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) to measure the diameter of the pulmonary arteries and the lung volume in micropigs. The mean diameters of the trachea, and left and right bronchi were 1.6 ± 0.17, 1.18 ± 0.14, and 1.1 ± 0.11 cm, respectively. The mean diameters of the main, right, and left pulmonary arteries were 1.38 ± 0.09, 1.07 ± 0.26, and 0.98 ± 0.13 cm and the diameters of right, left, and common inferior pulmonary veins were 0.97 ± 0.20, 0.76 ± 0.20, and 1.99 ± 0.26 cm, respectively. The mean lung volume was 820.3 ± 77.11 mL. The data presented in this study suggest that the MDCT may be a noninvasive, rapid, and accurate investigational method for pulmonary anatomy in living lung donors.
Increasing the uptake of peer feedback in primary school writing: findings from an action research enquiry

This article reports on how an action research strategy was used to increase children's uptake of feedback during peer assessment in primary school writing. Several different strategies were used in the study that had been successful in increasing students’ uptake of peer feedback in contexts such as higher education. In order to evaluate how successful these actions were, several different data collection methods were drawn upon to triangulate findings including children's work, observations, informal interviews and mind mapping. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data generated. Findings are consistent with those from research in other settings which suggest that pupils make better use of feedback if: it is task-involving and useful; there is sufficient time given for them to act on it and discuss it with their peers; and they are asked to reflect on how it has been used to improve the quality of the assessed work.
Ultrasound assessment of gastric contents in children undergoing elective ear, nose and throat surgery: a prospective cohort study

Ultrasound examination of the gastric antrum allows reliable assessment of gastric contents and volume. Postoperative assessment of gastric contents before recovery from anaesthesia could help the physician to choose the most appropriate extubation technique after surgery in children. In this prospective observational study, we assessed whether significant changes occurred in gastric contents during the intra‐operative period in children undergoing elective ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery. Children aged between six months and 16 years were recruited consecutively. Ultrasound examination of the antrum was performed before induction of anaesthesia and at the end of surgery before tracheal extubation, and included quantitative and qualitative assessment of gastric contents. The mean (SD) gastric volume was 0.28 (0.30) ml.kg−1 before surgery and 0.27 (0.30) ml.kg−1 after surgery, p = 0.82. No solid contents were identified in the antrum, and the gastric volume was < 1.5 ml.kg−1 in all patients during both ultrasound examinations. Our results suggest that, after elective ENT surgery, children are not at risk of a full stomach before tracheal extubation, and that pulmonary aspiration of blood that may occur after elective ENT surgery is probably not related to regurgitation of ingested blood from the stomach.
E-Commerce & E-Payments: Islamic Perspective

Now a days e-commerce and e-payments plays a great role to enhance business policies as well as our life style. I have studied both conventional and Islamic perspective of e-commerce and e-payments procedures. In Islam pay in advance is allowed with certain conditions. So I proposed a method of e-commerce and e-payments which is permissible by Islamic shariah. Muslims also can take the advantages of those modern policies if we can adjust the procedures with the teachings of Islam. Doi: IIUC Studies Vol.2 2004 Â
Constructing a legitimate history: crisis, legitimacy, and the atlantic schools of Business Conferences

The Atlantic Schools of Business (ASB) conference is one of the longest running academic business conferences in Canada. It continued without the structure of an organizing committee for 34 years. In its 35th year, however, a formal structure was adopted. The adoption of formal structure provides an opportunity to look critically at the change process from various perspectives. This paper takes three interrelated approaches: reviews of archival material to provide context; surveys of ASB membership to ascertain individual perceptions of the organization's purpose; and interviews with key individuals involved in the change process to examine the decision to formalize. Our analysis shows that perceived organizational crisis and a search for enhanced legitimacy can precipitate isomorphism and exclude alternative avenues for change. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Le congres de l'Atlantic Schools of Business (ASB) est l'un des plus anciens congres scientifiques en gestion au Canada. Pendant 34 ans, l'ASB a fonctionne sans la structure d'un comite organisateur. Cependant, au cours de sa 35e annee, une structure formelle a ete adoptee. L'adoption d'une structure formelle nous donne l'occasion d'examiner, de facon critique, le processus de changement en adoptant des perspectives differentes. Dans cet article, nous adoptons trois approches interdependantes : les consultations d'archives qui permettent de proposer le contexte; les sondages des membres de l'ASB pour determiner leurs perceptions de l'objectif de l'organisation; les interviews des acteurs cles impliques dans le processus de changement pour examiner la decision de formaliser. Notre analyse montre qu'une crise organisationnelle percue et la recherche d'une legitimite accrue peuvent accelerer l'isomorphisme et exclure les autres pistes de changement. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular and Morphological Identification of Mealybug Species (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Brazilian Vineyards

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are pests constraining the international trade of Brazilian table grapes. They damage grapes by transmitting viruses and toxins, causing defoliation, chlorosis, and vigor losses and favoring the development of sooty mold. Difficulties in mealybug identification remain an obstacle to the adequate management of these pests. In this study, our primary aim was to identify the principal mealybug species infesting the major table grape-producing regions in Brazil, by morphological and molecular characterization. Our secondary aim was to develop a rapid identification kit based on species-specific Polymerase Chain Reactions, to facilitate the routine identification of the most common pest species. We surveyed 40 sites infested with mealybugs and identified 17 species: Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), Dysmicoccus sylvarum Williams and Granara de Willink, Dysmicoccus texensis (Tinsley), Ferrisia cristinae Kaydan and Gullan, Ferrisia meridionalis Williams, Ferrisia terani Williams and Granara de Willink, Phenacoccus baccharidis Williams, Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, Planococcus citri (Risso), Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret), Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel, four taxa closely related each of to Pseudococcus viburni, Pseudococcus sociabilis Hambleton, Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn) and Pseudococcus meridionalis Prado, and one specimen from the genus Pseudococcus Westwood. The PCR method developed effectively identified five mealybug species of economic interest on grape in Brazil: D. brevipes, Pl. citri, Ps. viburni, Ph. solenopsis and Planococcus ficus (Signoret). Nevertheless, it is not possible to assure that this procedure is reliable for taxa that have not been sampled already and might be very closely related to the target species.