Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Wechsler ACS Social Perception Subtest

Relative to other cognitive areas, there are few clinical measures currently available to assess social perception. A new standardized measure, the Wechsler Advanced Clinical Solutions (ACS) Social Perception subtest, addresses some limitations of existing measures; however, little is known about this new test. The first goal of this investigation was to preliminarily explore the relationship of the ACS Social Perception subtest to five other measures of social perception and cognition in a sample of control subjects and individuals with Asperger Syndrome and schizophrenia. A secondary goal was to preliminarily explore the differences between groups on six measures of social perception and cognition. Results revealed several significant correlations between the ACS Social Perception subtest and other measures of social cognition, and some evidence for the distinguishing abilities of the measure. The ACS Social Perception subtest appears to be a promising measure for the evaluation of social perceptive skills.
Adolescent's Physical Activity: Association with Socio‐Economic Status and Parental Participation Among a Portuguese Sample

ABSTRACT Although the health effects of physical activity during adolescence have been studied less frequently, physical activity seems to have a positive influence on some health concerns in adolescence. Moreover, few studies have reported consistently the relationship between parents’ socio‐economic status (SES) and physical activity habits and adolescents’ activities. Significant physical activity gender differences were reported (p ≤ 0.001). No evidence was found regarding the influence of socio‐economic status on adolescents’ self‐reported physical activity. Mothers (r= 0.23; p ≤ 0.0001) and fathers (r= 0.16; p ≤ 0.05) seem to have a significant influence on adolescents’ physical activity.
Competitive Inhibition of Lysine Acetyltransferase 2B by a Small Motif of the Adenoviral Oncoprotein E1A*

The adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) oncoprotein hijacks host cells via direct interactions with many key cellular proteins, such as KAT2B, also known as PCAF (p300/CBP associated factor). E1A binds the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain of KAT2B to repress its transcriptional activation. However, the molecular mechanism by which E1A inhibits the HAT activity is not known. Here we demonstrate that a short and relatively conserved N-terminal motif (cNM) in the intrinsically disordered E1A protein is crucial for KAT2B interaction, and inhibits its HAT activity through a direct competition with acetyl-CoA, but not its substrate histone H3. Molecular modeling together with a series of mutagenesis experiments suggests that the major helix of E1A cNM binds to a surface of the acetyl-CoA pocket of the KAT2B HAT domain. Moreover, transient expression of the cNM peptide is sufficient to inhibit KAT2B-specific H3 acetylation H3K14ac in vivo. Together, our data define an essential motif cNM in N-terminal E1A as an acetyl-CoA entry blocker that directly associates with the entrance of acetyl-CoA binding pocket to block the HAT domain access to its cofactor.
Linkages between the life-history evolution of tropical and temperate birds and the resistance of cultured skin fibroblasts to oxidative and non-oxidative chemical injury

SUMMARY A fundamental challenge facing physiological ecologists is to understand how variation in life history at the whole-organism level might be linked to cellular function. Thus, because tropical birds have higher annual survival and lower rates of metabolism, we hypothesized that cells from tropical species would have greater cellular resistance to chemical injury than cells from temperate species. We cultured dermal fibroblasts from 26 tropical and 26 temperate species of birds and examined cellular resistance to cadmium, H2O2, paraquat, thapsigargin, tunicamycium, methane methylsulfonate (MMS) and UV light. Using ANCOVA, we found that the values for the dose that killed 50% of cells (LD50) from tropical birds were significantly higher for H2O2 and MMS. When we tested for significance using a generalized least squares approach accounting for phylogenetic relationships among species to model LD50, we found that cells from tropical birds had greater tolerance for Cd, H2O2, paraquat, tunicamycin and MMS than cells from temperate birds. In contrast, tropical birds showed either lower or no difference in tolerance to thapsigargin and UV light in comparison with temperate birds. These findings are consistent with the idea that natural selection has uniquely fashioned cells of long-lived tropical bird species to be more resistant to forms of oxidative and non-oxidative stress than cells from shorter-lived temperate species.
Multiple interpretations of child art–the importance of context and perspective.

Research mapping out children’s artistic development has largely followed what Wilson (1997a) has termed a modernist framework in which standardized rating scales are used to uncover universal laws of drawing development. This article researches the interpretation of children’s artwork from a postmodern framework and addresses how aesthetic values shape the way art is conceptualized. A viewer centric analysis focuses on case studies of masks created by 10–11-year-old children in an English Year 6 art lesson. A qualitative thematic analysis is utilized to examine the interpretation of the masks from the perspective of the child who created the mask, the teacher who took the art lesson, the researcher, and a professional artist. An exploration of multiple perspectives presents the interpretation of children’s art as socially constructed concept; that is, an active, context dependent activity which raises questions for the use of objective rating scales in this area.
Perceptions of Systemic Justice: The Effects of Distributive, Procedural, and Interactional Justice

The literature on organizational justice has identified 3 key components of this process: distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. On the basis of fairness heuristic theory, we reasoned that employees may use perceptions of these 3 components as a basis for drawing inferences about the fairness of the organization as a whole (i.e., their perceptions of systemic justice). A field study was conducted on a sample of 232 employees working in various organizations. Results show that employees' perceptions of procedural justice and interactional justice in their organizations positively predicted perceptions of systemic justice (i.e., that the organization was fair overall). Perceptions of distributive justice, however, did not predict perceptions of systemic justice. Practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Stability of bilinear sampled-data systems with an emulation of static state feedback

This note is dedicated to the stability analysis of bilinear sampled-data systems, controlled via a linear state feedback static controller. A zero order hold device is used. Our purpose is to find a constructive way to calculate the maximum allowable sampling period (MASP) that guarantees the local stability of the system. The proposed stability conditions are formulated as linear matrix inequalities (LMI).
Attention bias toward threat is associated with exaggerated fear expression and impaired extinction in PTSD

Background Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a minority of traumatized individuals. Attention biases to threat and abnormalities in fear learning and extinction are processes likely to play a critical role in the creation and/or maintenance of PTSD symptomatology. However, the relationship between these processes has not been established, particularly in highly traumatized populations; understanding their interaction can help inform neural network models and treatments for PTSD. Method Attention biases were measured using a dot probe task modified for use with our population; task stimuli included photographs of angry facial expressions, which are emotionally salient threat signals. A fear-potentiated startle paradigm was employed to measure atypical physiological response during acquisition and extinction phases of fear learning. These measures were administered to a sample of 64 minority (largely African American), highly traumatized individuals with and without PTSD. Results Participants with PTSD demonstrated attention biases toward threat; this attentional style was associated with exaggerated startle response during fear learning and early and middle phases of extinction, even after accounting for the effects of trauma exposure. Conclusions Our findings indicate that an attentional bias toward threat is associated with abnormalities in ‘fear load’ in PTSD, providing seminal evidence for an interaction between these two processes. Future research combining these behavioral and psychophysiological techniques with neuroimaging will be useful toward addressing how one process may modulate the other and understanding whether these phenomena are manifestations of dysfunction within a shared neural network. Ultimately, this may serve to inform PTSD treatments specifically designed to correct these atypical processes.
Modelling of the magnetic accretion flow in HU Aquarii

We present a magnetic stripping model for AM Her type objects. Our model is based on an equilibrium condition between ram pressure and magnetic pressure in a stiff dipolar magnetic field. We investigate the detailed geometry of the stripping process, most of which can be tackled analytically. By involving additional numerical calculations, the model allows the prediction of phase-resolved spectra and Doppler tomograms. The emission-line features from the companion star, the horizontal stream and the accretion curtain are identified with the emission-line components found by Gaussian fitting to observational data of HU Aqr in its high-accretion state. Given the simplicity of the model, its agreement with the observation is remarkably good, and it enables us to derive a number of physical quantities such as stellar masses and radii, total mass accretion rate, bulk temperature, and coupling density.
YIGSR domain of laminin binds surface receptors of mesenchyme and stimulates migration during gastrulation in sea urchins

During gastrulation in sea urchins, cells at the tip of the archenteron extend filopodia that attach to the blastocoel wall and are thought to assist in the elongation of the archenteron. Upon completion of gastrulation, these cells migrate into the blastocoel. Time-lapse video records were made of preparations from which ectodermal cells have been removed, leaving the archenteron, mesenchyme cells and blastocoelar extracellular matrix (ECM) bounded by the basal lamina. In preparations of late gastrulae, cells at the tip of the archenteron extend filopodia that attach to the basal lamina and pull it inward, collapsing the preparation. This collapse does not occur in preparations made prior to the elongation phase and can be inhibited with cytochalasin B and azide, but not with colchicine. Migratory behavior increased in preparations treated with the laminin-derived peptide Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser- Arg (YIGSR). Cells extend and retract filopodia, collapse the ECM and migrate out of the preparation. This behavior was not observed in preparations treated with whole laminin, fibronectin or Arg-Gly- Asp-Ser (RGDS) peptides. Cells in preparations treated with YIGSR extend significantly more processes than those incubated in RGDS, laminin, fibronectin or BSA. This effect is titratable between 10–3 and 10–6 M. Whole laminin has a significant inhibitory effect on the number of cell processes observed. Double labelling experiments with biotinylated laminin or biotinylated CDPGYIGSR and a mesenchyme-specific monoclonal antibody (Sp12) reveal that laminin and CDPGYIGSR label mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal cells. A CDPGYIGSR affinity column binds a 125I-labelled cell surface component, which elutes with YIGSR and has an Mr of about 80x103 on SDS-PAGE. We propose that cells at the tip of the archenteron attach to the basal lamina during archenteron elongation, and that domains of laminin containing YIGSR in the basal lamina of the target region stimulate migratory behavior in these cells.
Parascope:a Parallel Programming Environment

The ParaScope programming environment, under de velopment at Rice University, has been designed to as sist in the formulation, implementation, and debugging of parallel Fortran programs. In its implementation, ParaScope merges the technologies of automatic paral lelism detection and integrated programming environ ments. This paper discusses the issues that underlie the design of ParaScope's editor, compiler, and debugger. The editor includes mechanisms for viewing and manip ulating the program's dependence structure. The compi lation system uses information from the various tools in the programming environment to optimize entire pro grams for specific parallel architectures. The debugging system includes facilities for remote debugging on par allel machines, using information from the editor and compiler to help isolate schedule-dependent errors.
Intelligent Search Engine algorithms on indexing and searching of text documents using text representation

The increased use of Web resources has created a need for more efficient and useful search methods. The current mechanisms for assisting the search and retrieval process are quite limited, mainly because they lack access to documents semantics and because of the underlying difficulties in providing suitable search patterns. This paper proposes intelligent indexing of text documents by classifying a text document based on its content and the presentation style of the content of the text document. Design and implementation of few indexing algorithms and searching algorithms on text documents are presented with a discussion on the advantages and limitations of each of the algorithms.
Public Policy and the Performance of Nonprofit Organizations: A General Framework

This article discusses various attempts by economists to model the behavior and performance of nonprofit organizations, and it provides four desiderata of a model suitable for policy analysis: the legal definitions of nonprofit status must be incorporated into the model; the objective function must emerge from the regulatory and competitive environment; the emergence of competitors (for-profit, nonprofit, and governmental) must be endogenous; and the information structure must be fully specified and self-consistent. The article discusses how to incorporate each of these desiderata into a model.
Beliefs of adolescent girls concerning the severity and prevalence of bulimia nervosa

The beliefs of adolescent girls concerning an eating disorder problem were investigated. A vignette describing a fictional 16-year-old girl meeting diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa (BN) was presented to 522 high school students, followed by a series of questions concerning the severity and prevalence of the problem described. Most respondents believed that BN is a serious problem whose sufferers are deserving of sympathy. However, BN was perceived to be common among adolescent girls, far more common than estimates from epidemiological research would suggest, and many participants had at some stage thought that it “might not be too bad” to have such a problem. In addition, participants with a high level of eating disorder symptoms considered the prevalence of BN to be higher, and its symptoms more acceptable, than asymptomatic participants. These findings suggest that the perception of bulimic behaviours as normative and/or desirable may need to be addressed in prevention programs.
The downstream box: an efficient and independent translation initiation signal in Escherichia coli.

The downstream box (DB) was originally described as a translational enhancer of several Escherichia coli and bacteriophage mRNAs located just downstream of the initiation codon. Here, we introduced nucleotide substitutions into the DB and Shine‐Dalgarno (SD) region of the highly active bacteriophage T7 gene 10 ribosome binding site (RBS) to examine the possibility that the DB has an independent and functionally important role. Eradication of the SD sequence in the absence of a DB abolished the translational activity of RBS fragments that were fused to a dihydrofolate reductase reporter gene. In contrast, an optimized DB at various positions downstream of the initiation codon promoted highly efficient protein synthesis despite the lack of a SD region. The DB was not functional when shifted upstream of the initiation codon to the position of the SD sequence. Nucleotides 1469–1483 of 16S rRNA (‘anti‐downstream box’) are complementary to the DB, and optimizing this complementarity strongly enhanced translation in the absence and presence of a SD region. We propose that the stimulatory interaction between the DB and the anti‐DB places the start codon in close contact with the decoding region of 16S rRNA, thereby mediating independent and efficient initiation of translation.
Algorithm 581: An Improved Algorithm for Computing the Singular Value Decomposition [F1]

where U is an m × min(m,n) matr ix containing the left singular vectors, W is a diagonal mat r ix of size min(m, n) containing the singular values, and V is an n x min(m, n) mat r ix containing the r ight singular vectors. Note tha t m is al lowed to be greater t han or less t han n. For ease of presentat ion, we assume m to be greater than or equal to n in the following discussion. T h e a lgor i thm is an i m p r o v e m e n t of the Go lub-Re insch a lgor i thm [4], which is imp lemen ted in subrout ines SVD and M I N F I T in E I S P A C K [3] and in subrout ine SSVDC in L I N P A C K [2]. I t should be more efficient than the Go lub-Re insch a lgor i thm when m is approx imate ly larger tJ lan 2n, as is the case in m a n y least squares applications. T h e a lgor i thm has a hybr id nature. When m is a b o a t equal to n, the Golub-Re insch a lgor i thm is employed. When the rat io m/n is larger t han a threshold value, which is de te rmined by detai led opera t ion counts [1], the improved a lgor i thm is used. T h e improved a lgor i thm first computes the QR factorizat ion of A using Householder t ransformat ions , and then uses the Go lub -Re insch a lgor i thm on R. A fur ther i m p r o v e m e n t over the Golub-Re insch a lgor i thm is when the left singular
Geographic Energetics of the Andean Mouse, Abrothrix andinus

We measured basal metabolic rate, thermal conductance, body temperature, and temperature differential of three populations of the Sigmodontine-rodent Abrothrix andinus in three different habitats of the Andean range of northern Chile. Individuals from the three habitats were good thermoregulators, were capable of maintaining a high mass-independent temperature differential, and were able to survive the cold ambient temperatures during the night. We compared our data with previously published information on seasonal energetics of another population of A. andinus in the Andean range of central Chile and with species of the genus Abrothrix in a Mediterranean climate. Energetics of Abrothrix did not vary in response to different climatic conditions, which favored the hypothesis that it was a fixed character probably reflecting a common ancestor of Andean origin or radiation along the Andes Mountains.
Adding the sentiment attribute of nodes to improve link prediction in social network

Link prediction is an important tool for many social media sites to find the missing and future links among users. Understanding users' sentiment and their social relationships are potentially valuable. In this paper, two new sentiment similarity measures have been proposed and an algorithm has been designed to do link prediction by incorporating the structure and sentiment attribute of nodes. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm, links and tweets with regard to some hot topics of 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil are crawled from Tencent Weibo, and the sentiment distributions of crowds are analyzed for each topic. The experimental results show that the number of users with the same emotion and the sentiment distributions of crowds will influence a user to link with another user, so the sentiment attribute of nodes in social network can help to improve the performance of link prediction.
Emotional Reactions to the Experiences of Transformational Change: Evidence from the Department of Correctional Services of South Africa

This is a follow up to a previous paper by the authors on transformational change within an offender correctional environment, which focuses on the human dimension of transformational change. The current treatise captures evidence gathered from Correctional Centres of the Department of Correctional Services of South Africa on correctional officials’ and offenders’ reactions to, and experiences of, transformational change, which entails a paradigm shift from a punishment-oriented philosophy to a rehabilitation-oriented philosophy in terms of treatment of incarcerated offenders (herein referred to as the DCS change). Lack of sufficient empirical evidence on the significant role that the human elements play in the success or failure of transformational change interventions motivate the authors to undertake an empirical study that sought to establish how correctional officials and offenders have reacted to and experienced the DCS change. This was an important study given the fact that arguments have been advanced to the effect that the high failure rate experienced in the implementation of transformational change efforts is due to the neglect of the human factor during transformational change planning process and implementation. This study was intended to benefit managers in both the public and private sector organizations globally and particularly in South Africa, where organizations are currently engaged in massive transformational change efforts as a result the government’s programme of reconstruction and development of the South African society. For purposes of contextualizing people’s reactions to and experiences within the Department of Correctional Services and South Africa in general, an extensive literature study was undertaken. The literature study was followed by the empirical study whereby data was collected by means of two survey questionnaires, namely one for correctional officials, and the other for offenders. The empirical findings pointed to the fact that transformational change evoked various emotional reactions and experiences on the part of both correctional officials and offenders, which ranged from positive affect to negative affect through to introspective-anxious affect. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013. v4n14p501