Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance on the Hooper Visual Organizational Test in patients diagnosed with subcortical vascular dementia: relation to naming performance.

OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of individuals with vascular dementia (VaD) on the Hooper Visual Organization Test (HVOT) and to determine the influence of naming on HVOT performance in this population. BACKGROUND The HVOT is commonly administered to assess visuospatial perception among neurologic patients, but the test requires verbal identification of stimuli as well as spatial ability. Previous studies have examined the influence of naming on the HVOT, but the issue has not been systematically addressed in individuals with subcortical VaD. METHOD Individuals with a diagnosis of VaD were administered the HVOT, three additional measures of visuospatial function (Block Design and Picture Completion subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test copy trial), and the Boston Naming Test (BNT). RESULTS On average, the VaD patients performed poorly compared with normative data on each of the cognitive measures, with the most pronounced deficit evident on the BNT. Regression analyses revealed that more than 60% of the variance in performance on the HVOT was accounted for by performance on the Block Design subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised; performance on the BNT did not contribute significantly. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that VaD patients perform below expectations on the HVOT and that the measure is robust to naming deficits in this population.
Intelligent Re-Use of Nursing Routine Data: Opportunities and Challenges

Secondary use of structured nursing routine data receives an increasing attention in healthcare and is supposed to bear huge potential for different purposes. However, building and analyzing such integrated nursing routine data repositories are nontrivial, challenging tasks. The workshop gives an insight in the state of the art of secondary data analysis in nursing and addresses possible opportunities as well as the main challenges when re-using nursing data for secondary analyses. The target audience of the workshop comprises all stakeholders who are interested in the intelligent re-use of nursing data (e.g. decision-makers, public health officials, nursing managers, nursing informatics/IT staff, scientists, data analysts as well as industry representatives).
CAPS: Contention-Aware Proactive Scheduling for CMPs

Many Chip Multiprocessors (CMPs) rely on shared caches to hide the latency of inter-thread communications as well as to improve effective memory bandwidth. Yet along comes cache contention, which often results in cache thrashing and severe performance degradation. Because of the variety of programs, a suitable schedule can often alleviate the issues significantly. However, it remains an open question how to efficiently find optimal schedules in a large scale. This work proposes a set of techniques to enable scalable cache-contention-aware proactive scheduling (CAPS). Based on cross-input predictability of reuse signature, we develop a lightweight contention prediction model. It, along with a performance model derived by ridge regression method, is able to predict the corun performance of a group of programs with arbitrary inputs. By modeling job scheduling as a minimumweight perfect matching problem, we find an efficient approach to optimally co-schedule a batch of jobs in terms of the total performance degradation. For runtime process scheduling, we further derive a Sensitivity and Competitiveness model to meet the stricter efficiency requirement; in addition, we design an adaptive dual-queue scheme for cache-contention-aware runtime process scheduling. Experiments on a latest Intel CMP machine show up to 24% and 15% (on average 6% and 9%) performance improvement respectively for batch processing and runtime scheduling, less than 2% away from the optimal.
The Protective Role of HLA-DRB1∗13 in Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized by a multifactorial aetiology and a complex genetic background, with the MHC region playing a major role. We genotyped for HLA-DRB1 locus 1228 patients with AIDs-213 with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), 166 with Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis (Ps + PsA), 153 with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), 67 with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc), 536 with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and 93 with Myasthenia Gravis (MG) and 282 unrelated controls. We confirmed previously established associations of HLA-DRB1∗15 (OR = 2.17) and HLA-DRB1∗03 (OR = 1.81) alleles with MS, HLA-DRB1∗03 with SLE (OR = 2.49), HLA-DRB1∗01 (OR = 1.79) and HLA-DRB1∗04 (OR = 2.81) with RA, HLA-DRB1∗07 with Ps + PsA (OR = 1.79), HLA-DRB1∗01 (OR = 2.28) and HLA-DRB1∗08 (OR = 3.01) with SSc, and HLA-DRB1∗03 with MG (OR = 2.98). We further observed a consistent negative association of HLA-DRB1∗13 allele with SLE, Ps + PsA, RA, and SSc (18.3%, 19.3%, 16.3%, and 11.9%, resp., versus 29.8% in controls). HLA-DRB1∗13 frequency in the AIDs group was 20.0% (OR = 0.58). Although different alleles were associated with particular AIDs, the same allele, HLA-DRB1∗13, was underrepresented in all of the six diseases analysed. This observation suggests that this allele may confer protection for AIDs, particularly for systemic and rheumatic disease. The protective effect of HLA-DRB1∗13 could be explained by a more proficient antigen presentation by these molecules, favouring efficient clonal deletion during thymic selection.
Memory Constraint Online Multitask Classification

We investigate online kernel algorithms which simultaneously process multiple classification tasks while a fixed constraint is imposed on the size of their active sets. We focus in particular on the design of algorithms that can efficiently deal with problems where the number of tasks is extremely high and the task data are large scale. Two new projection-based algorithms are introduced to efficiently tackle those issues while presenting different trade offs on how the available memory is managed with respect to the prior information about the learning tasks. Theoretically sound budget algorithms are devised by coupling the Randomized Budget Perceptron and the Forgetron algorithms with the multitask kernel. We show how the two seemingly contrasting properties of learning from multiple tasks and keeping a constant memory footprint can be balanced, and how the sharing of the available space among different tasks is automatically taken care of. We propose and discuss new insights on the multitask kernel. Experiments show that online kernel multitask algorithms running on a budget can efficiently tackle real world learning problems involving multiple tasks.
The mechanistic basis for the induction of hepatic steatosis by xenobiotics

Introduction: Hepatic steatosis is the histological observation of numerous lipid inclusions due to an excess accumulation of triacylglycerols. They are a concern with new therapeutic candidates because they signify altered lipid metabolism that can progress to more serious liver toxicity. Areas covered: This article is based on an article search using the PubMed database from 1987 to 2011 and confirms associations for several previously marketed drugs with four basic hepatocellular mechanisms. The article also describes how these mechanisms are controlled by master regulators of lipid metabolism, which include gene transcription factors, nuclear receptors, hormonal signaling, energy sensing proteins, endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling and certain key metabolic intermediates. Expert opinion: Drug-induced hepatic steatosis is typically not detectable by conventional means other than invasive histological examinations. By understanding the basic mechanisms, key regulators and energy signaling systems of the liver, the investigator is better equipped to avoid xenobiotics with steatogenic potential in the drug discovery or early development process. There are now a number of methods for detecting this potential, specifically gene expression or metabolomic profiling and pathway analysis or mechanism-based in vitro systems.
Mediation Role of Hope between Self-efficacy and Subjective Well-being

Dear Editor-in-ChiefHope is an important construct, which predicts several aspects of subjective well-being (SWB) (1). With hope, one believes that his or her own future will be successful and desirable. There is evidence that hope worked as a mediator between self-efficacy and SWB (2). Hope is described as "a cognitive set that is composed of a reciprocally derived sense of successful agency and pathways"(3). Agency thinking refers to a person's perceived capability to actively and constantly engage in goal attainment, while pathways thinking refer to a person's perceived capability to generate the necessary routes that aids in goal attainment. Self-efficacy is another important positive psychology construct. An individual with high self-efficacy would create high hope to deal with stressful situations. Consequently, as more agency and pathways thinking are employed, chance that an individual is affected by negative impacts is decreased, which finally enhance the level of SWB. On the contrary, low self-efficacy individual declines to create agency and pathways thinking, and consequently result in less psychological well-being (2). This study aimed to investigates the hypothesis that hope functions as a mediator between selfefficacy and SWB using General Self-efficacy Scale, General Well-Being Scale, and Hope Scale (3-5). The data was gathered from 2,716 college students (1,151 males). Participants were all voluntary.Inform consent forms and instruments were distributed to participants after being reviewed by the institutional review board. Overall, 134 incomplete questionnaires were excluded, yielding a return sample of 95.1%. Data analyses were carried out by Mplus 6.0 and SPSS 17.0. To test the mediating role of hope, a multiple mediation bootstrapping approach was used (6, 7). First, self-efficacy significantly predicted SWB in the absence of agency and pathways. Second, both agency and pathways regressed on self-efficacy significantly. Third, even though the two mediators were added, the direct effect of self-efficacy on SWB remained significant. Bias-correct bootstrapping method was used to assess significance of indirect effects through agency and pathways (Table 1). The results showed that the essential mediating role of hope between self-efficacy and SWB. Agency and pathways, two dissociating sub-dimensions of hope, explained more variance in SWB, compared with situation self-efficacy regressed on SWB alone. Individuals with high selfefficacy incline to create more agency and pathways thinking in stress situations. …
Homological error correction: Classical and quantum codes

We prove several theorems characterizing the existence of homological error correction codes both classically and quantumly. Not every classical code is homological, but we find a family of classical homological codes saturating the Hamming bound. In the quantum case, we show that for nonorientable surfaces it is impossible to construct homological codes based on qudits of dimension D>2, while for orientable surfaces with boundaries it is possible to construct them for arbitrary dimension D. We give a method to obtain planar homological codes based on the construction of quantum codes on compact surfaces without boundaries. We show how the original Shor’s 9-qubit code can be visualized as a homological quantum code. We study the problem of constructing quantum codes with optimal encoding rate. In the particular case of toric codes we construct an optimal family and give an explicit proof of its optimality. For homological quantum codes on surfaces of arbitrary genus we also construct a family of codes asy.
FRET analysis reveals distinct conformations of IN tetramers in the presence of viral DNA or LEDGF/p75

A tetramer of HIV-1 integrase (IN) stably associates with the viral DNA ends to form a fully functional concerted integration intermediate. LEDGF/p75, a key cellular binding partner of the lentiviral enzyme, also stabilizes a tetrameric form of IN. However, functional assays have indicated the importance of the order of viral DNA and LEDGF/p75 addition to IN for productive concerted integration. Here, we employed Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) to monitor assembly of individual IN subunits into tetramers in the presence of viral DNA and LEDGF/p75. The IN–viral DNA and IN–LEDGF/p75 complexes yielded significantly different FRET values suggesting two distinct IN conformations in these complexes. Furthermore, the order of addition experiments indicated that FRET for the preformed IN–viral DNA complex remained unchanged upon its subsequent binding to LEDGF/p75, whereas pre-incubation of LEDGF/p75 and IN followed by addition of viral DNA yielded FRET very similar to the IN–LEDGF/p75 complex. These findings provide new insights into the structural organization of IN subunits in functional concerted integration intermediates and suggest that differential multimerization of IN in the presence of various ligands could be exploited as a plausible therapeutic target for development of allosteric inhibitors.
Serum Metabolomics of Slow vs. Rapid Motor Progression Parkinson’s Disease: a Pilot Study

Progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is highly variable, indicating that differences between slow and rapid progression forms could provide valuable information for improved early detection and management. Unfortunately, this represents a complex problem due to the heterogeneous nature of humans in regards to demographic characteristics, genetics, diet, environmental exposures and health behaviors. In this pilot study, we employed high resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling to investigate the metabolic signatures of slow versus rapidly progressing PD present in human serum. Archival serum samples from PD patients obtained within 3 years of disease onset were analyzed via dual chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, with data extraction by xMSanalyzer and used to predict rapid or slow motor progression of these patients during follow-up. Statistical analyses, such as false discovery rate analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis, yielded a list of statistically significant metabolic features and further investigation revealed potential biomarkers. In particular, N8-acetyl spermidine was found to be significantly elevated in the rapid progressors compared to both control subjects and slow progressors. Our exploratory data indicate that a fast motor progression disease phenotype can be distinguished early in disease using high resolution mass spectrometry-based metabolic profiling and that altered polyamine metabolism may be a predictive marker of rapidly progressing PD.
Association between blood pressure level and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and total mortality: the cardiovascular health study.

BACKGROUND Recent reports have drawn attention to the importance of pulse pressure as a predictor of cardiovascular events. Pulse pressure is used neither by clinicians nor by guidelines to define treatable levels of blood pressure. METHODS In the Cardiovascular Health Study, 5888 adults 65 years and older were recruited from 4 US centers. At baseline in 1989-1990, participants underwent an extensive examination, and all subsequent cardiovascular events were ascertained and classified. RESULTS At baseline, 1961 men and 2941 women were at risk for an incident myocardial infarction or stroke. During follow-up that averaged 6.7 years, 572 subjects had a coronary event, 385 had a stroke, and 896 died. After adjustment for potential confounders, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure were directly associated with the risk of incident myocardial infarction and stroke. Only SBP was associated with total mortality. Importantly, SBP was a better predictor of cardiovascular events than DBP or pulse pressure. In the adjusted model for myocardial infarction, a 1-SD change in SBP, DBP, and pulse pressure was associated with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.24 (1.15-1.35), 1.13 (1.04-1.22), and 1.21 (1.12-1.31), respectively; and adding pulse pressure or DBP to the model did not improve the fit. For stroke, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.34 (1.21-1.47) with SBP, 1.29 (1.17-1.42) with DBP, and 1.21 (1.10-1.34) with pulse pressure. The association between blood pressure level and cardiovascular disease risk was generally linear; specifically, there was no evidence of a J-shaped relationship. In those with treated hypertension, the hazard ratios for the association of SBP with the risks for myocardial infarction and stroke were less pronounced than in those without treated hypertension. CONCLUSION In this population-based study of older adults, although all measures of blood pressure were strongly and directly related to the risk of coronary and cerebrovascular events, SBP was the best single predictor of cardiovascular events.
Modeling quasi-two-dimensional turbulence in MHD duct flows

This study considers quasi-two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows in a transverse uniform magnetic field in which turbulent structures appear as columnar-like vortices aligned with the field direction. In such flows, viscous and ohmic losses occur in the boundary layers at the flow-confining walls perpendicular to the magnetic field (Hartmann layers). Two eddy-viscosity based turbulence models capturing these specific flow features, zeroand one-equation, are introduced. The results are in fair agreement with the experimental data obtained earlier in the Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence (MATUR) experiment by Messadek and Moreau (2002) for free shear-layer MHD flows. We also perform a two-dimensional direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a duct flow to address specific near-wall effects associated with the interaction between the vortices generated in the internal shear layer and the MHD boundary layer at the duct wall parallel to the magnetic field. The DNS shows that under certain conditions, the nearwall flow exhibits negative turbulence production. This may limit the applicability of the eddy-viscosity concept in MHD flows.
: A COGNITIVE-AFFECTIVE MODEL OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION FOR DESIGNING IT

There are several theories available to describe how managers choose a medium for communication. However, current technology can affect not only how we communicate but also what we communicate. As a result, the issue for designers of communication support systems has become broader: how should technology be designed to make communication more effective by changing the medium and the attributes of the message itself? The answer to this question requires a shift from current preoccupations with the medium of 1Richard Watson was the accepting senior editor for this paper. 2MISQ Review articles survey, conceptualize, and synthesize prior MIS research and set directions for future research. For more details see http://www.misq.org/misreview/announce.html The associated web site for this paper is located at http://misq.org/misreview/teeni.shtml communication to a view that assesses the balance between medium and message form. There is also a need to look more closely at the process of communication in order to identify more precisely any potential areas of computer
Biomechanics meets the ecological niche: the importance of temporal data resolution

SUMMARY The emerging field of mechanistic niche modelling aims to link the functional traits of organisms to their environments to predict survival, reproduction, distribution and abundance. This approach has great potential to increase our understanding of the impacts of environmental change on individuals, populations and communities by providing functional connections between physiological and ecological response to increasingly available spatial environmental data. By their nature, such mechanistic models are more data intensive in comparison with the more widely applied correlative approaches but can potentially provide more spatially and temporally explicit predictions, which are often needed by decision makers. A poorly explored issue in this context is the appropriate level of temporal resolution of input data required for these models, and specifically the error in predictions that can be incurred through the use of temporally averaged data. Here, we review how biomechanical principles from heat-transfer and metabolic theory are currently being used as foundations for mechanistic niche models and consider the consequences of different temporal resolutions of environmental data for modelling the niche of a behaviourally thermoregulating terrestrial lizard. We show that fine-scale temporal resolution (daily) data can be crucial for unbiased inference of climatic impacts on survival, growth and reproduction. This is especially so for species with little capacity for behavioural buffering, because of behavioural or habitat constraints, and for detecting temporal trends. However, coarser-resolution data (long-term monthly averages) can be appropriate for mechanistic studies of climatic constraints on distribution and abundance limits in thermoregulating species at broad spatial scales.
Impact of Premature Ovarian Failure on Mortality and Morbidity among Chinese Women

Objective To evaluate associations of premature ovarian failure (POF) with mortality and morbidity in Asian populations. Methods We identified 1,003 cases of POF among 36,402 postmenopausal women who participated in the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a population-based cohort study. Cox regression and logistic regression models were applied in data analysis. Results After adjustment for potential confounding factors, we found that POF increased the risk of total and cancer-specific mortality (HR (95%CIs): 1.29 (1.08–1.54) and 1.38 (1.05–1.81), respectively). POF was also associated with high prevalence of autoimmune disease (OR (95%CI): 1.56 (1.04–2.35)) but decreased incidence of breast cancer (OR (95%CI): 0.59 (0.38–0.91)). Similar results were observed when hormone replacement therapy users were excluded from the analysis. POF is associated with high waist-to-hip ratio. Conclusions Our results suggest that women with POF experience increased mortality and that these women may benefit from heightened surveillance and appropriate interventions.
Full wave simulation of the iter relevant coaxial cavity gyrotron operation

New generation of gyrotrons based on coaxial cavities with a corrugated inner conductor is able to reach the multi-megawatt output power in a continuous wave (CW) regime. The development of an industrial prototype of a coaxial cavity gyrotron with an RF output power of 2 MW in CW regime at 170 GHz is now in progress at the Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas, Lausanne, Switzerland [1]. The pre-prototype tube (with the same main components) has been developed at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) (former Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (FZK)) to verify the design of the most critical components of the prototype. The coaxial gyrotron cavity is higherly overmoded and is designed to operate on the TE34,19 mode. Usage of the corrugated inner conductor allows reducing problems of the mode competition and beam voltage depression. However the reliable design consideration of such a cavity becomes more complicated.