Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The chemical composition of the silicate dust around RAFGL7009S and IRAS 19110+1045 ?

We have studied the chemical composition of the sili- cates around the two massive protostellar objects RAFGL7009S (IRAS 18316-0602) and IRAS 19110+1045. The silicate fea- tures of both sources are similar. The position and shape of the 9.6 and 18 µm silicate bands coincide with those of amor- phous pyroxene-type silicates. We find that the silicate features cannot be reproduced with compact pyroxene grains contain- ing magnesium and iron. An admixture of iron, aluminium and some degree of porosity is necessary to reproduce respectively the red wing of the 18 µm band, the plateau between the two silicate bands and the widths of the bands. The iron is to be found in the form of Fe-rich pyroxenes, also containing small amounts of calcium, and in iron-oxides. Better fits are obtained with aluminium incorporated into the silicate structure (in alu- minosilicates) than for aluminium in oxides such as Al2O3. The compositions we propose are in agreement with cosmic elemen- tal abundance constraints. No crystalline material is observed in either source and we find that at most 1-2% of the silicate mass could be crystalline in these sources.
From the Vendor's Perspective: Exploring the Value Proposition in Information Technology Outsourcing

To date, most research on information technology (IT) outsourcing concludes that firms decide to outsource IT services because they believe that outside vendors possess production cost advantages. Yet it is not clear whether vendors can provide production cost advantages, particularly to large firms who may be able to replicate vendors' production cost advantages in-house. Mixed outsourcing success in the past decade calls for a closer examination of the IT outsourcing vendor's value proposition. While the client's sourcing decisions and the client-vendor relationship have been examined in IT outsourcing literature, the vendor's perspective has hardly been explored. In this paper, we conduct a close examination of vendor strategy and practices in one long-term successful applications management outsourcing engagement. Our analysis indicates that the vendor's efficiency was based on the economic benefits derived from the ability to develop a complementary set of core competencies. This ability, in turn, was based on the centralization of decision rights from a variety and multitude of IT projects controlled by the vendor. The vendor was enticed to share the value with the client through formal and informal relationship management structures. We use the economic concept of complementarity in organizational design, along with prior findings from studies of client-vendor relationships, to explain the IT vendors' value proposition. We further explain how vendors can offer benefits that cannot be readily replicated internally by client firms.
The combination of polar body and embryo biopsy does not affect embryo viability.

BACKGROUND The biopsy of both polar bodies and a blastomere from the same embryo was investigated as an approach aimed at increasing the quantity of DNA available for genetic analysis in preimplantation embryos. METHODS In 113 cycles, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) was performed for aneuploidy: 19 cycles underwent polar body biopsy, 32 cycles had both polar body and blastomere biopsy done, and the remaining 62 cycles underwent blastomere biopsy. The chromosomal analysis was performed in a two-round fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) protocol with probes specific for the chromosomes X, Y, 13, 15, 16, 18, 21 and 22. RESULTS The morphological evaluation of the analysed embryos demonstrated similar rates of development irrespective of the biopsy procedure. Accordingly, the implantation rate did not differ significantly in the three biopsy groups and was 15% after polar body biopsy, 26% after the combined biopsy procedures of polar bodies and blastomeres, and 25% after blastomere biopsy. CONCLUSIONS The removal of a blastomere subsequent to polar body biopsy does not seem to have negative effects on embryo viability. This approach could be especially valuable for a combined diagnosis of aneuploidy and single-gene disorders in preimplantation embryos generated by couples at high reproductive risk.
Families of Algorithms for Reducing a Matrix to Condensed Form

In a recent paper it was shown how memory traffic can be diminished by reformulating the classic algorithm for reducing a matrix to bidiagonal form, a preprocess when computing the singular values of a dense matrix. The key is a reordering of the computation so that the most memory-intensive operations can be “fused. ” In this article, we show that other operations that reduce matrices to condensed form (reduction to upper Hessenberg form and reduction to tridiagonal form) can be similarly reorganized, yielding different sets of operations that can be fused. By developing the algorithms with a common framework and notation, we facilitate the comparing and contrasting of the different algorithms and opportunities for optimization on sequential architectures. We discuss the algorithms, develop a simple model to estimate the speedup potential from fusing, and showcase performance improvements consistent with the what the model predicts.
The Relationship between Federal Contract R&D and Company R&D

According to recent estimates, federal budget outlays for research and development (RD this component will rise 28 percent, and absorb 70 percent of all federal R&D spending in 1984, compared to under 50 percent in 1980. Since work corresponding to about one-half of the dollar value of the federal R&D program is generally performed by private industrial firms under contract with federal agencies, the rapid increase in federal R&D outlays will presumably be reflected in a similar increase in the value of commitments by industrial firms to perform government R&D. One of the most important economic questions posed by the large prospective increase in resources allocated to federal contract R&D concerns its consequences for the economy's rate of technical progress, of productivity growth. In the next section I argue that the ultimate impact on productivity depends on how company decisions to finance R&D are affected by the availability of federal contract R&D funds. I then provide a brief review and critique of previous studies of the relationship between companyand federalfinanced R&D performed in industry, and present new estimates which differ from existing ones with respect to both methodology and implications. These estimates are consistent with the hypothesis that increases in federal R&D activity tend to be associated with significant reductions in companyfinanced R&D. A number of studies have attempted to determine the ceteris paribus effects of company and federal R&D on the rate of productivity growth (P) by estimating variants of the equation
An empirical test of new developments in coalition theory for the design of international environmental agreements

ABSTRACT We consider new developments in coalition theory for the design of international environmental agreements (IEAs). Applying an empirical model on climate change that comprises benefit and cost estimates from abatement for 12 world regions, we analyze how the design of an agreement affects the success of self-enforcing IEAs. We analyze single versus multiple coalitions, open versus exclusive membership with majority and unanimity voting, and no transfers versus transfers with four different transfer schemes.
The Adults' Perspective within Adult-Child Relationship in India

Based on the assumption that childhood is a social construct, this qualitative study explores how children across ages, are perceived by adults. Using modified grounded theory approach, seven adults, teachers by profession, were informally interviewed over several sessions, supplemented by TAT-like picture cards. Theoretical coding led to the extraction of the following key themes. To begin with, participants divided childhood into several phases, each characterized by distinct adult-child relationship and interaction. Secondly, compared to earlier times, children of today were seen as maturing faster along with greater democratization in adult-child relationships. And finally, analysis of social position of children in participants’ interviews showed that children were being perceived using an ideology of dependency and incompetency that manifested in various marginalizing practices within adult-child relationship.
Big data and computational biology strategy for personalized prognosis

The era of big data and precision medicine has led to accumulation of massive datasets of gene expression data and clinical information of patients. For a new patient, we propose that identification of a highly similar reference patient from an existing patient database via similarity matching of both clinical and expression data could be useful for predicting the prognostic risk or therapeutic efficacy. Here, we propose a novel methodology to predict disease/treatment outcome via analysis of the similarity between any pair of patients who are each characterized by a certain set of pre-defined biological variables (biomarkers or clinical features) represented initially as a prognostic binary variable vector (PBVV) and subsequently transformed to a prognostic signature vector (PSV). Our analyses revealed that Euclidean distance rather correlation distance measure was effective in defining an unbiased similarity measure calculated between two PSVs. We implemented our methods to high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) based on a 36-mRNA predictor that was previously shown to stratify patients into 3 distinct prognostic subgroups. We studied and revealed that patient's age, when converted into binary variable, was positively correlated with the overall risk of succumbing to the disease. When applied to an independent testing dataset, the inclusion of age into the molecular predictor provided more robust personalized prognosis of overall survival correlated with the therapeutic response of HGSC and provided benefit for treatment targeting of the tumors in HGSC patients. Finally, our method can be generalized and implemented in many other diseases to accurately predict personalized patients’ outcomes.
1 THE ROLE OF ACTIONS IN USER-PRODUCT INTERACTION

The increasing attention on interaction rather than interface in recent design researches gives rise to design approaches that place the emphasis on embodied actions. While many tangible interaction concepts have been developed, the role of actions in user-product-interaction is not fully explored. This study aims to explore the meaning of action in product design, and the connection between actions and design intents. Based on the concepts in the theory of affordance and activity theory, an everyday activity for personal hygiene, hand-washing, is analyzed to understand the types of actions involved in product design and their purposes in this activity. We proposed that there are at least three types of intended actions, namely, functional action, operational action, and emotional action, which are made possible by the supporting physical structure of products to fulfill users’ requirements on different interactive level. The embodied
Uncovering the Main Research Themes of Software Validation

Software validation is an attempt to ensure the product fulfills its specific intended purpose. Software validation is very important since software is widely embedded in devices, and these devices are ubiquitous in our daily life nowadays. As software is getting more complex, the software validation process is getting more complicated and time consuming. The study of software validation is therefore an important active research field with voluminous publications. The sheer volume of software validation related literatures hinders our comprehending of its content and context. We therefore utilize the intellectual structure construction and knowledge domain visualization techniques developed by the information scientist to ease the task of understanding the main themes of this research domain. Base on the analysis, we can see the research themes of software validation may be divided into two main groups: the first one deals with systems with interweaving hardware and software related issues, such as real-time systems, parallel systems; the other one deals with model checking related issues, including automata theory and temporal logic.
Machine learning , model reduction and multiphysics simulations of matter

The underlying physical laws necessary for the mathematical theory of a large part of physics and the whole of chemistry are thus completely known, and the difficulty is only that the exact application of these laws leads to equations much too complicated to be soluble. It therefore becomes desirable that approximate practical methods of applying quantum mechanics should be developed, which can lead to an explanation of the main features of complex atomic systems without too much computation. — [1]
A randomized, double-blind study to assess the optimal duration of doxycycline treatment for human brucellosis.

BACKGROUND Human brucellosis is usually treated with a combination of tetracyclines and aminoglycosides. However, the optimal duration of therapy has not been clearly determined. METHODS We conducted a prospective, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study comparing treatment with doxycycline (100 mg po b.i.d.) for 30 days (30-day group) with the same dosage of doxycycline for 45 days (45-day group) in patients with brucellosis without endocarditis, spondylitis, or neurobrucellosis. All patients were treated with gentamicin (240 mg im once daily) for the first 7 days. Therapeutic outcome was evaluated by measuring relapse rates and drug safety. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were included in each group. During the first 45 days after treatment, the percentage of patients with relapse was significantly higher in the 30-day group than in the 45-day group (12.3% vs. 1.37%; relative risk, 9.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-69.2; P=.017). Between day 45 after treatment and 12 months after treatment, no further significant differences were found in relapse rates between groups (9.38% in the 30-day group vs. 11.11% in the 45-day group; relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.31-2.30; P=.78). Overall, relapses occurred in 15 (20.55%) of 73 patients in the 30-day group and in 9 (12.33%) of 73 patients in the 45-day group (relative risk, 1.67; 95% CI, 0.78-3.56; P=.264). Compliance and adverse effects were comparable in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Doxycycline treatment for 45 days significantly decreased early relapse rates among adults with brucellosis without increasing adverse effects.
Thermally induced stress hysteresis and co-efficient of thermal expansion changes in nanoporous SiO2

The thermomechanical response of electron beam deposited nanoporous silicon dioxide is examined using substrate curvature measurements and nanoindentation. Analysis of the thin film bond angle strain distributions versus temperature indicates that low temperature (T < 100 °C) stress hysteresis and tensioning are primarily attributed to hydrogen bonded water desorption. However, at higher temperatures, the absence of water desorption suggests that the thermomechanical behaviour is related to thermally induced bond angle strain redistributions towards the local bonding environment of quartz and thermally grown silicon dioxide. This is supported by the co-efficient of thermal expansion data that trend lower with higher annealing temperatures. The re-absorption of water into the thin film accounts for the reproducibility of the open-loop stress hysteresis and tensioning observations.
Parallel Sampling and Reconstruction with Permutation in Multidimensional Compressed Sensing

The advent of compressed sensing provides a new way to sample and compress signals. In this thesis, a parallel compressed sensing architecture is proposed, which samples a twodimensional reshaped multidimensional signal column by column using the same sensing matrix. Compared to architectures that sample a vector-reshaped multidimensional signal, the sampling device in the parallel compressed sensing architecture stores a smaller-sized sensing matrix and has lower computational complexity. Besides, the reconstruction of the multidimensional signal can be conducted in parallel, which reduces the computational complexity and time for reconstruction at the decoder side. In addition, when parallel sampling is not required but analog compressed sensing is desired, an alternative architecture proposed in this thesis, named parallel compressed sensing reconstruction architecture, can be used. In both proposed architectures, permutation is introduced and shown to enable the reduction of the required number of measurements for a given desired reconstruction error performance.
A Study on Integration of 802.11 WLAN andUMTS Networks

Mobile computing for personal communication system (PCS) that offers mobile users anytime, anywhere, bi-directional reliable access to the Internet. Mobile IP as a network layer protocol provides solution to requirements of mobile computing. Due to terminal mobility and change of service area, efficient mobile IP support is an important issue in heterogeneous network in order to minimize packet loss and Hand off latency to the mobile users. In our project we have proposed a loosely coupled UMTS/WLAN integration architecture with mobile IP as a service continuity solution. We have used generic routing encapsulation as a tunneling protocol between these two dissimilar networks. After designing the architecture we created a simulation model using OPNET 14 as a simulation tool. Through simulation we have analyzed the performance of the proposed architecture.
An estimator for the proportional hazards model with multiple longitudinal covariates measured with error.

In many longitudinal studies, it is of interest to characterize the relationship between a time-to-event (e.g. survival) and several time-dependent and time-independent covariates. Time-dependent covariates are generally observed intermittently and with error. For a single time-dependent covariate, a popular approach is to assume a joint longitudinal data-survival model, where the time-dependent covariate follows a linear mixed effects model and the hazard of failure depends on random effects and time-independent covariates via a proportional hazards relationship. Regression calibration and likelihood or Bayesian methods have been advocated for implementation; however, generalization to more than one time-dependent covariate may become prohibitive. For a single time-dependent covariate, Tsiatis and Davidian (2001) have proposed an approach that is easily implemented and does not require an assumption on the distribution of the random effects. This technique may be generalized to multiple, possibly correlated, time-dependent covariates, as we demonstrate. We illustrate the approach via simulation and by application to data from an HIV clinical trial.
Stereoscopic Image Processing

1. INTRODUCTION Static images and dynamic image sequences are the projection of time-varying three-dimensional real world scenes onto a two-dimensional plane. As a result of this planar projection, depth information of objects in the scene is generally lost. Only by cues such as shadow, relative size and sharpness, interposition, perspective factors, and object motion, we can form an impression of the depth organization of the real world scene. In a wide variety of image processing applications, explicit depth information is required in addition to the scene's gray value information (representing intensities, color, densities, etc.) [Dhond89,Horn86,Marr82]. Examples of such applications are found in 3-D vision (robot vision, photogrammetry, remote sensing systems), in medical imaging (computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, microsurgery), in remote handling of objects for instance in inaccessible industrial plants or in space exploration, and in visual communications aiming at virtual presence (conferencing, education, virtual travel and shopping, virtual reality). In each of these cases, depth information is essential for accurate image analysis or for enhancing the realism. In remote sensing the terrain's elevation needs to be accurately determined for map production, in remote handling an operator needs to have precise knowledge of the three-dimensional organization of the area to avoid collisions and misplacements, and in visual communications the quality and ease of information exchange significantly benefits from the high degree of realism provided by scenes with depth. Depth in real world scenes can be explicitly measured by a number of range sensing devices such as by laser range sensors, by structured light or by ultrasound. Often it is, however, undesirable or unnecessary to have separate systems for acquiring the intensity and the depth information because of the relative low resolution of the range sensing devices and because of the question of how to fuse information from different type of sensors. An often used alternative to acquire depth information is to record the real world scene from different perspective viewpoints. In this way multiple images or (preferably time-synchronized) image sequences are obtained that implicitly contain the scene's depth information. In the case that multiple views of a single scene are taken without any specific relation between the spatial positions of the viewpoints, such recordings are called multiview images. Generally speaking, when recordings are obtained from an increasing number of different viewpoints, the 3-D
The Signals and Systems Approach to Animation

Animation is ubiquitous in visualization systems, and a common technique for creating these animations is the transition. In the transition approach, animations are created by smoothly interpolating a visual attribute between a start and end value, reaching the end value after a specified duration. This approach works well when each transition for an attribute is allowed to finish before the next is triggered, but performs poorly when a new transition is triggered before the current transition has finished. In particular, interruptions introduce velocity discontinuities, and frequent interruptions can slow down the resulting animation. To solve these problems, we model the problem of animation as a signal processing problem. In our technique, animations are produced by transformations of signals, or functions over time. In particular, an animation is produced by transforming an input signal, a function from time to target attribute value, into an output signal, a function from time to displayed attribute value. We show that well-known signal-processing techniques can be applied to produce animations that are free from velocity discontinuities even when interrupted.