Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institutions and Legitimations in Finance for the Arts

The following paper investigates the underlying reasons, the logics of legitimation, for why two highly influential foundations, a public and private, finance the arts by analysing their justifications at critical points in time. The paper contributes to a larger discussion within management and neo-institutional theory, which seeks to engage with organisational action in terms of its institutional and justificatory imperative, by showing how two key organisations supporting the arts, reflect and reflect upon wider societal institutions, and their practices and purpose, by drawing upon and reconfiguring their appeal to higher institutional orders at critical moments. The paper shows the significance of nine particular logics of legitimation underlying art support; the industrial, market, inspired, family, renown, civic, projective, emotional and temporal. The paper argues for an increased sensitivity to temporal and emotional logics, which are not well reflected in the extant literature. Finally, the paper offers a heuristic model to understand organisational reflection as a careful consideration of organisational practice and purpose, the wider societal institutions, institutional logics, and the nature of the critical moment, which competent organisations attend to.
Fiscal Policy Reaction to the Cycle in the OECD: Pro- or Counter-Cyclical?

This paper analyses the reaction of fiscal policy to the cycle in OECD countries. The results suggest that while overall government balances were counter-cyclical in the past and more so in economic downturns than in upswings, discretionary fiscal policy was neutral on average. However, discretionary fiscal policy appears to react to the cycle in a non-linear fashion: fiscal policy in countries with high public debt and high government deficits tends to be pro-cyclical, while countries that have low public debt and that have surpluses are more likely to conduct a counter-cyclical fiscal policy. The paper also finds that asset prices have a significant impact on government balances.
Initial therapy of mantle cell lymphoma

Mantle cell lymphoma is a well-recognized distinct clinicopathologic subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The current World Health Organization (WHO) classification subdivides this entity into aggressive and other variants. The disease has a predilection for older males, and patients typically present at an advanced stage with frequent splenomegaly and extranodal involvement including bone marrow, peripheral blood, gastrointestinal, and occasional central nervous system involvement. Early studies of therapy outcomes in this disease revealed that while response rates where high, relapse was expected after a limited period of time. Prolonged survival was uncommon, with initial median survival rates typically in the 3–4-year range. Those with a high proliferative rate, blastoid morphology, and selected clinical features were recognized as having a worse prognosis. Therapeutic approaches have diverged into aggressive therapies with high response rates and promising progression free survival rates, which may be applied to younger healthy patients, and less aggressive approaches. Aggressive therapies include intensive chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant, which has been shown to be most effective when applied in first remission. Whether these more intense therapies result in improved survival as compared with less aggressive therapies is not well established. Allogeneic transplant has also been investigated, although high treatment-related mortality and the risk of chronic graft versus host disease and the relatively advanced age of this patient population have tempered enthusiasm for this approach. A number of less aggressive therapies have been shown to produce promising results. Consolidation and maintenance strategies are an active area of investigation. A number of newer agents have shown promising activity in relapsed disease, and are being investigated in the front-line setting. Overall survival rates are improving in this disease, with current studies suggesting a median survival of 5 or more years.
Efficient Storage and Querying of Horizontal Tables Using a PIVOT Operation in Commercial Relational DBMSs

In recent years, a horizontal table with a large number of attributes is widely used in OLAP or e-business applications to analyze multidimensional data efficiently. For efficient storing and querying of horizontal tables, recent works have tried to transform a horizontal table to a traditional vertical table. Existing works, however, have the drawback of not considering an optimized PIVOT operation provided (or to be provided) in recent commercial RDBMSs. In this paper we propose a formal approach that exploits the optimized PIVOT operation of commercial RDBMSs for storing and querying of horizontal tables. To achieve this goal, we first provide an overall framework that stores and queries a horizontal table using an equivalent vertical table. Under the proposed framework, we then formally define 1) a method that stores a horizontal table in an equivalent vertical table and 2) a PIVOT operation that converts a stored vertical table to an equivalent horizontal view. Next, we propose a novel method that transforms a user-specified query on horizontal tables to an equivalent PIVOT-included query on vertical tables. In particular, by providing transformation rules for all five elementary operations in relational algebra as theorems, we prove our method is theoretically applicable to commercial RDBMSs. Experimental results show that, compared with the earlier work, our method reduces storage space significantly and also improves average performance by several orders of magnitude. These results indicate that our method provides an excellent framework to maximize performance in handling horizontal tables by exploiting the optimized PIVOT operation in commercial RDBMSs.
MELD at POD 1 as a predictor of outcome in liver allografts with peak AST >5000 U/l

Perioperative liver graft injury is associated with elevation of aminotransferases after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Values above 5000 U/l usually are regarded as extreme liver graft injury (ELGI). Some patients and organs recover from this critical condition. The aim of the study was to evaluate factors contributing to graft and patient survival after ELGI. From chart review we identified 64 of 917 OLT adult patients (median age 54.2 years; 68.8% males) transplanted between 11/2003 and 02/2012, who presented ELGI after OLT. Donor and recipient factors were analyzed and correlated with the outcome by univariable and multivariable methods. Multivariable cox proportional hazards showed that recipient's BMI (P = 0.01), model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score before OLT (P = 0.02) and laboratory MELD score 24 h after OLT (P = 0.01) were independently associated with patient survival. 30‐days and 12‐months survival in patients with a postoperative laboratory MELD higher than 31 was 21.4%, while patients with a postoperative laboratory MELD lower than 31 displayed 30‐days and 12‐months survival rates of 80% and 71.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Retransplantation in the setting of ELGI after OLT should be based on all available data. Utilization of the postoperative labMELD enables the transplant physician within 24 h after transplantation to identify necessity of retransplantation objectively.
Autophosphorylation Affects Substrate-Binding Affinity of Tobacco Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase11

Autophosphorylation could prevent the excessive phosphorylation of substrates and alter the substrate preference of Ca2+-dependent protein kinases. Protein kinases regulate diverse physiological processes. Because many kinases preserve inherent autophosphorylation capability, autophosphorylation appears to be one of the most important mechanisms for cellular signaling. However, physiological functions of autophosphorylation are still largely unknown, other than the self-activation by phosphorylation of activation loop in the catalytic domain. REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH (RSG) is the transcription factor involved in gibberellin (GA) feedback regulation. The tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Ca2+-dependent protein kinase, NtCDPK1, phosphorylates RSG, resulting in the negative regulation of RSG. NtCDPK1 was previously shown to be autophosphorylated in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Here, we investigated the functional importance of autophosphorylation in NtCDPK1. Ser-6 and Thr-21 were identified as autophosphorylation sites of NtCDPK1. Autophosphorylation not only reduced the binding affinity of NtCDPK1 for RSG, but also inhibited the homodimerization of NtCDPK1. Furthermore, autophosphorylation decreased the phosphorylation efficiency of RSG yet increased that of myelin basic protein. Ser-6 and Thr-21 of NtCDPK1 were phosphorylated in response to GAs in plants. The substitution of these autophosphorylation sites with Ala enhanced the NtCDPK1 overexpression-induced sensitization of seeds to a GA biosynthetic inhibitor during germination. These results suggest new functions of autophosphorylation in CDPKs, namely, autophosphorylation can prevent the excessive phosphorylation of substrates and alter the substrate preference of CDPKs.
The Preparation of Magnetic Chitosan Bead and its Adsorption Properties for Copper (II)

The preparation of magnetic chitoson bead by chemical conversion method has been investigated, and the IR has been used for ensuring the structure of the magnetic chitosan bead. The effects of various factors on the adsorption of Cu(II) are discussed including pH, adsorption time and adsorption temperature. The best adsorption conditions are pH 5.5, adsorption time 60 min, adsorption temperature 30degC.The use level was 0.4 g magnetic chitosan beads added in 50 ml wastewater contained 0.1 g/1 Cu(II). The removal percent of Cu(II)for wastewater could been arriver 95.3%. Moreover, the magnetic chitosan beads has higher reproducibility , after using for 5 times, the removal percent still has 86.5%.
Effectiveness of female controlled barrier methods in preventing sexually transmitted infections and HIV: current evidence and future research directions

Objectives: To evaluate evidence for the effectiveness of female controlled physical and chemical barrier methods in preventing STI/HIV transmission, to examine recent reviews on microbicide development, and to highlight promising research directions. To discuss challenges in conducting effectiveness research and in translating results to public health intervention. Methods: Systematic review of articles that examined the disease prevention effectiveness of at least one female controlled barrier method. Review of conference abstracts that presented clinical and preclinical microbicide data. Results: Randomised controlled trials provide evidence that female condoms confer as much protection from STIs as male condoms. Observational studies suggest that the diaphragm protects against STI pathogens. Several microbicide effectiveness studies are under way and new directions, such as adaptation of therapeutic agents as preventive products, are being examined. Substantial attention is now given to product formulation and novel delivery strategies. Combining microbicide products with different mechanisms of action as well as combining chemical and physical barriers will be necessary to maximise prevention effectiveness. Conclusions: Increased investment in the development and identification of female controlled barrier methods offers promise that additional products will be available in the years ahead. Generalising trial results to a community setting, promoting products that may be less effective than male condoms, and bringing an effective product to scale introduce public health challenges that warrant attention. The need for female controlled barrier methods that provide women with the opportunity to take an active role in reducing their STI/HIV risk are urgently needed and constitute an essential tool to prevent continued spread of these infections.
Religious Tolerance as Engine of Innovation

We argue that, for a given level of scientific knowledge, tolerance and diversity are conducive to technological creativity and innovation. In particular, we show that variations in innovation within Prussia during the second industrial revolution can be ascribed to differences in religious tolerance that developed in continental Europe from the Peace of Westphalia onwards. By matching a unique historical dataset about religious tolerance in 1,278 Prussian cities with valuable patents for the period 1877-1890, we show that higher levels of religious tolerance are strongly positively associated with innovation during the second industrial revolution. Religious tolerance is measured through population’s religious diversity, diversity of churches, and diversity of preachers and religious teachers, respectively. Endogeneity issues are addressed using local variation across cities, within counties. Estimates using preindustrial levels of religious tolerance address issues of reverse causality. As for the channels of transmission, we find significant complementarity between religious tolerance and human capital. Furthermore, we find that cities with higher levels of religious tolerance attracted a larger share of migrants. Finally, higher levels of religious diversity in the population translated into higher levels of religious diversity in the workforce by industrial sector. This result suggests that religious diversity did not generate labor market segmentation by denomination but might have fostered interaction of different denominations.
Optimal decision for microgrid electricity commercialization based on plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

In this paper we consider the advent microgrid-macrogrid connection through smart grids, and tackle the problem of finding the optimal quantity of energy to be sold to the macrogrid. We develop a dynamic programming model to assist homeowners who have the option to either sell electricity generated in their properties or to consume/store it. One key feature of our approach is the possibility of storing the electricity produced in batteries of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). The optimal decision is a function of the current and predicted prices, as well as a function of expected generation and storage capacities. We illustrate our model with a numerical example that captures these consideration. We conclude by discussing the practical application of our approach, in line with the high volume of data that can be available to decision makers.
Lipoprotein inflammatory properties and serum amyloid A levels but not cholesterol levels predict lesion area in cholesterol-fed rabbits Published, JLR Papers in Press, August 10, 2007.

Rabbits on a 1% cholesterol diet received injections of vehicle with or without D-4F or L-4F. After 1 month, the percent of aorta with atherosclerotic lesions was 24 ± 15% (vehicle), 10 ± 6% (D-4F) (P < 0.01 vs. vehicle), and 13 ± 9% (L-4F) (P < 0.05 vs. vehicle). Inflammatory indexes for HDL and LDL were determined by measuring monocyte chemotactic activity after adding rabbit lipoproteins to human endothelial cells. HDL-inflammatory index (HII) and LDL-inflammatory index (LII), respectively, were 1.39 ± 0.24; 1.35 ± 0.29 (vehicle), 0.67 ± 0.26; 0.63 ± 0.38 (D-4F) (P < 0.001 vs. vehicle), and 0.67 ± 0.2; 0.68 ± 0.32 (L-4F) (P < 0.01 vs. vehicle). Serum amyloid A (SAA) levels were 95 ± 39, 8 ± 22, and 7 ± 19 μg/ml, respectively, for vehicle, D-4F, and L-4F (P < 0.001 vs. vehicle). There was no correlation between lesion area and total plasma or HDL-cholesterol levels. In contrast, there was a positive correlation with HII, LII, and SAA (P = 0.002, P = 0.0026, P = 0.0079, respectively). HII correlated closely with SAA levels (r = 0.6616; r2 = 0.4377, P < 0.0001). Thus, HII, LII, and SAA are better predictors of lesion area than are total plasma or HDL-cholesterol levels in cholesterol-fed rabbits.
Hosting Triathlons on a College Campus: Perceived Health Outcomes and Satisfaction

Multisport, endurance racing, and obstacle racing (e.g., Spartan Run) have gained significant traction recently (Case, Hill, & Dey, 2009; Hill, Ridinger, Shapiro, & G.mez, 2012). In fact, youth participation in triathlon is at an all-time high (USA Triathlon, 2015). On any given weekend, triathlon events are being held in communities throughout the United States. Hundreds of triathlons are held at local, regional, and national levels. The sport of triathlon has grown to the point that international competitions are held worldwide and every 4 years world-class triathletes compete for medals at the Olympic Games. In 2014, women’s triathlon became an NCAA sport, and in December 2015, the $2.6 million USA Triathlon Foundation Women’s Triathlon Emerging Sport Grant became a reality (USA Triathlon, 2018). However, little research exists on smaller, more accessible triathlons held in college-based communities. Subscribe to JOREL
Grapevine Botryosphaeria dieback fungi have specific aggressiveness factor repertory involved in wood decay and stilbene metabolization

Grapevine trunk diseases: Eutypa dieback, esca and Botryosphaeria dieback, which incidence has increased recently, are associated with several symptoms finally leading to the plant death. In the absence of efficient treatments, these diseases are a major problem for the viticulture; however, the factors involved in disease progression are not still fully identified. In order to get a better understanding of Botryosphaeria dieback development in grapevine, we have investigated different factors involved in Botryosphaeriaceae fungi aggressiveness. We first evaluated the activity of the wood-degrading enzymes of different isolates of Neofusicoccum parvum and Diplodia seriata, two major fungi associated with Botryosphaeria dieback. We further examinated the ability of these fungi to metabolize major grapevine phytoalexins: resveratrol and δ-viniferin. Our results demonstrate that Botryosphaeriaceae were characterized by differential wood decay enzymatic activities and have the capacity to rapidly degrade stilbenes. N. parvum is able to degrade parietal polysaccharides, whereas D. seriata has a better capacity to degrade lignin. Growth of both fungi exhibited a low sensitivity to resveratrol, whereas δ-viniferin has a fungistatic effect, especially on N. parvum Bourgogne S-116. We further show that Botryosphaeriaceae are able to metabolize rapidly resveratrol and δ-viniferin. The best stilbene metabolizing activity was measured for D. seriata. In conclusion, the different Botryosphaeriaceae isolates are characterized by a specific aggressiveness repertory. Wood and phenolic compound decay enzymatic activities could enable Botryosphaeriaceae to bypass chemical and physical barriers of the grapevine plant. The specific signature of Botryosphaeriaceae aggressiveness factors could explain the importance of fungi complexes in synergistic activity in order to fully colonize the host.
In vitro inhibition of human P450 enzymes by prenylated flavonoids from hops, Humulus lupulus

1. Several unique flavonoid compounds have recently been isolated from hops, Humulus lupulus, and their presence has been detected in beer. Their chemical structures are similar to other plant-derived compounds, many present in the human diet, that have been shown to have cancer chemopreventive properties due, in part, to inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes that activate carcinogens. Additionally, preliminary studies have shown these flavonoids (at 100 muM) to be inhibitory of P450-mediated activation reactions in a variety of in vitro systems. Thus, the in vitro effects of these phytochemicals on cDNA-expressed human CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and CYP2E1 were currently examined by the use of diagnostic substrates and the carcinogen AFB1. 2. At 10 muM, the prenylated chalcone, xanthohumol (XN), almost completely inhibited the 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity of CYP1A1. At the same concentration, other hop flavonoids decreased the EROD activity by 90.8-27.0%. 3. At 10 muM, XN completely eliminated CYP1B1 EROD activity, whereas the other hop flavonoids showed varying degrees of inhibitory action ranging from 99.3 to 1.8%. 4. In contrast, the most effective inhibitors of CYP1A2 acetanilide 4-hydroxylase activitywere the two prenylated flavonoids, 8-prenylnaringenin (8PN) and isoxanthohumol (IX), which produced > 90% inhibition when added at concentrations of 10 mu M. 5. CYP1A2 metabolism of the carcinogen AFB1 was also inhibited by IX and 8PN as shown by decreased appearance of dihydrodiols and AFM1 as analysed by hplc. IX and 8PN also decreased covalent binding of radiolabelled AFB1 to microsomal protein in a concomitant manner. 6. XN, IX and 8PN, however, were poor inhibitors of CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 as measured by their effect on chorzoxazone hydroxylase and nifedipine oxidase activities respectively. 7. These results suggest that the hop flavonoids are potent and selective inhibitors of human cytochrome P450 and warrant further in vivo investigations.
Management of Hypothermia: Impact of Lecture-Based Interactive Workshops on Training of Pediatric Nurses

Abstract This study aimed to determine the efficacy of interactive workshop on the management of hypothermia and its impact on pediatric nurses’ training. This is a pretest-to-posttest quasi-experimental descriptive study. Thirty pediatric nurses attended an interactive lecture-based interactive workshop on the management of hypothermia. Participants had to accept an invitation to the presentation before the training event. They completed the lecture, and a multiple-choice question test before and after the lecture was given. There was a significant improvement in mean test scores after the lecture when compared with those before the lecture (mean [SD], 15.5 [1.3] vs 5.0 [1.7], P < 0.001). The information gained in this study will be valuable as a baseline for further research and help guide improvements in the management of hypothermia with the ultimate goal of enhancing safe and quality patient care.
CloN6, a Novel Methyltransferase Catalysing the Methylation of the Pyrrole‐2‐carboxyl Moiety of Clorobiocin

The aminocoumarin antibiotic clorobiocin contains a 5‐methylpyrrole‐2‐carboxylic acid unit. This pyrrole unit is derived from L‐proline, and it would be expected that its 5‐methyl group should be introduced by a methylation reaction. However, sequence analysis of the clorobiocin biosynthetic gene cluster did not reveal a gene with sequence similarity to the SAM‐dependent methyltransferases that could be assigned to this reaction. This study, however, has provided evidence that the gene cloN6 is involved in this methylation reaction. Its gene product CloN6 shares conserved sequence motifs with the recently identified radical SAM protein superfamily, and it has been suggested that members of this family can catalyse methylcobalamin‐dependent methylation reactions. cloN6 was inactivated in the clorobiocin producer Streptomyces roseochromogenes var. oscitans DS 12.976 by use of the PCR‐targeting method. The cloN6− mutants accumulated, instead of clorobiocin, a derivative lacking the 5′′′‐methyl group of the pyrrole moiety (termed novclobiocin 109). A structural isomer carrying the pyrrole‐2‐carboxyl moiety at 2″‐OH rather than at the 3″‐OH of the deoxysugar (novclobiocin 110), and a derivative completely lacking the pyrrole unit (novclobiocin 104) were also identified. The structures of the metabolites were confirmed by NMR and MS analysis. Antibacterial activity tests against Bacillus subtilis showed that novclobiocin 109 and novclobiocin 110 have antibacterial activities about eight times less than that of clorobiocin, whereas novclobiocin 104 showed no activity under the test conditions.