Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coverage-Aware Test Database Reduction

Functional testing of applications that process the information stored in databases often requires a careful design of the test database. The larger the test database, the more difficult it is to develop and maintain tests as well as to load and reset the test data. This paper presents an approach to reduce a database with respect to a set of SQL queries and a coverage criterion. The reduction procedures search the rows in the initial database that contribute to the coverage in order to find a representative subset that satisfies the same coverage as the initial database. The approach is automated and efficiently executed against large databases and complex queries. The evaluation is carried out over two real life applications and a well-known database benchmark. The results show a very large degree of reduction as well as scalability in relation to the size of the initial database and the time needed to perform the reduction.
The distinctive roles of erythroid specific activator GATA-1 and NF-E2 in transcription of the human fetal γ-globin genes

GATA-1 and NF-E2 are erythroid specific activators that bind to the β-globin locus. To explore the roles of these activators in transcription of the human fetal stage specific γ-globin genes, we reduced GATA-1 and p45/NF-E2 using shRNA in erythroid K562 cells. GATA-1 or p45/NF-E2 knockdown inhibited the transcription of the γ-globin genes, hypersensitive site (HS) formation in the LCR and chromatin loop formation of the β-globin locus, but histone acetylation across the locus was decreased only in the case of GATA-1 knockdown. In p45/NF-E2 knockdown cells, GATA-1 binding was maintained at the LCR HSs and γ-globin promoter, but NF-E2 binding at the LCR HSs was reduced by GATA-1 knockdown regardless of the amount of p45/NF-E2 in K562 cells. These results indicate that histone acetylation is dependent on GATA-1 binding, but the binding of GATA-1 is not sufficient for the γ-globin transcription, HS formation and chromatin loop formation and NF-E2 is required. This idea is supported by the distinctive binding pattern of CBP and Brg1 in the β-globin locus. Furthermore GATA-1-dependent loop formation between HS5 and 3′HS1 suggests correlation between histone modifications and chromatin looping.
Electro-thermal modelling of three phase inverter

This paper introduces an electro-thermal model of an inverter implemented in PLECS. This model is able to calculate IGBT junction temperature with a mission profile. Look up tables (LUT) of switching power loss are generated by running physics-based IGBT and diode models under different operating conditions. The inverter model interpolates power dissipation from the LUTs to speed up the simulation rather than running the physics-based device model, which is relatively slow. The thermal network is extracted from the heating curves of IGBT junction and case temperature which are measured on a power cycling rig. Junction temperature under operating condition is obtained with the power dissipation and thermal network. Although the work presented here is general applicable to any converter applications, our particular emphasis in this paper is on renewable energy system such as wind power applications. This model extends the current available inverter model[1] which is fixed frequency and voltage to various frequency and voltage which is more closely aligned with the operation of wind turbine.
Dissociation, PTSD, and Substance Abuse: An Empirical Study

Few studies have examined the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use disorder, and dissociation. We studied 77 women with current PTSD and substance dependence, classified into high- versus low-dissociation groups per the Dissociative Experiences Scale. They were compared on trauma- and substance-related symptoms, cognitions, coping skills, social adjustment, trauma history, psychiatric symptoms, and self-harm/suicidal behaviors. We found the high-dissociation group consistently more impaired than the low-dissociation group. Also, the sample overall evidenced relatively high levels of dissociation, indicating that even in the presence of recent substance use, dissociation remains a major psychological phenomenon. Indeed, the high-dissociation group reported stronger expectation that substances could manage their psychiatric symptoms. The high-dissociation group also had more trauma-related symptoms and childhood histories of emotional abuse and physical neglect. The discussion addresses methodology, the “chemical dissociation” hypothesis, and the need for a more nuanced understanding of how substances are experienced in relation to dissociative phenomena.
A comparison of class-balance strategies for SVM in the problem of protein function prediction

This paper presents a comparison of three strategies for managing the imbalance problem: undersampling, SMOTE and Weighted SVM. Undersampling is a strategy where the samples of the majority class are discarded; SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) is a method in which synthetic samples of the minority class are added to the dataset; Weighted SVM keeps the number of samples of each class but assigns weights in the training of the SVM, so it can improve its performance for the minority class. Results show that Weighted SVM and SMOTE achieved comparable results, although Weighted SVM requires less computational effort. Undersampling, on the other hand, achieved lower performance results presumably due to the loss of information produced when discarding data.
Application-Aware Workload Consolidation to Minimize Both Energy Consumption and Network Load in Cloud Environments

In this paper we tackle the problem of virtual machine (VM) placement onto physical servers to jointly optimize two objective functions. The first objective is to minimize the total energy spent within a cloud due to the servers that are commissioned to satisfy the computational demands of VMs. The second objective is to minimize the total network overhead incurred due to: (a) communicational dependencies between VMs, and (b) the VM migrations performed for the transition from an old assignment scheme to a new one. We study different methodologies for solving the aforementioned problem. The first approach is based on VM packing algorithms that optimize the above objective functions separately, reaching a single solution. The other approach is to tackle simultaneously the two optimization targets and define a set of non-dominating solutions. Performance evaluation using simulation experiments reveals interesting trade-offs between energy consumption and network load.
An invisible watermarking scheme based on Modified Fast Haar Wavelet Transform and RSGWPT

Image-watermarking aims at embedding information into cover media to prove ownership. This aim is achieved by embedding the copyright information into actual information in such a manner that embedded information later on extracted to provide the authenticity of multimedia contents[1]. A robust blind image-watermarking algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on both the Modified Fast Haar Wavelet Transform and the Redundant Second Generation Wavelet Packet Transform. The idea behind the proposed algorithm is to decompose the cover image using Modified Fast Haar Wavelet Transform and Redundant Second Generation Wavelet Packet Transform [14] according to the size of the watermark. The watermark is embedded in the fine-scale bands of the Redundant Second Generation Wavelet Packet Transform of the fine-scale bands of the last Modified Fast Haar Wavelet Transform decomposition level of the host image.
Object-based approach to programming distributed systems

Two kinds of parallel computers exist: those with shared memory and those without. The former are difficult to build but easy to program. The latter are easy to build but difficult to program. In this paper we present a hybrid model that combines the best properties of each by simulating a restricted object-based shared memory on machines that do not share physical memory. In this model, objects can be replicated on multiple machines. An operation that does not change an object can then be done locally, without any network traffic. Update operations can be done using the reliable broadcast protocol described in the paper. We have constructed a prototype system, designed and implemented a new programming language for it, and programmed various applications using it. The model, algorithms, language, applications and performance will be discussed.
A grounded theory of individualized learning practices in New Jersey higher education

iv List of Figures vii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Problem Statement 6 Purpose of the Study and Research Questions 8 Conceptual Framework 9 Limitations 15 Definition of Terms 17 Significance 18 Summary 20 Chapter 2: Literature Review 22 Grounded Theory 23 Multilevel Individualized Learning Practices 26 Course Level 29 Program Level 35 Institutional Level 39 Factors Influencing Faculty and Administrators 44 Self-Determination Theory 45 Behaviors and Attitudes 46 Institutional Transformation 47 Productive Learning Environments 47 Organizing for Learning 52 Learning Paradigm Theory 54 Summary 57 Chapter 3: Methods 58 Sample 61 Data Collection 67 Data Analysis 69 Validity 72
Hybrid ARQ schemes for future wireless systems based on MC-CDMA

The rapid growth of Internet services and increasing interest in portable computing devices will create an even larger demand for high-speed wireless packet based data services in the future. Especially in the downlink, high throughput is needed since the number of downloads of large data files from web sites and servers will increase. These requirements will need to be accommodated by future fully packet based Beyond 3 rd Generation (B3G) cellular systems. MC-CDMA, a multicarrier modulation scheme based on code division multiple access (CDMA) is the most promising candidate for this next generation of mobile radio communication for achieving high data rate transmission. In order to successfully standardize a B3G system it needs to be optimized for the use in a TCP/IP based backbone system. This optimization has to be carried out in a joint manner between the physical layer and the higher layers. This paper presents as a part of the joint optimization the physical layer implementation and simulation results of different hybrid ARQ schemes for future wireless systems based on MCCDMA. This work has been carried out within the European IST projects MATRICE and its follow-up 4MORE, dealing respectively with research on MC-CDMA physical layer and higher layers for the use in a future cellular radio system, and research on validation and implementation of a low-power costeffective SoC solution based on MATRICE inputs. In this paper, the used system parameters represent a simplified version of the MATRICE parameters. Keywords— MC-CDMA, Chase Combining (CC), Incremental Redundancy (IR), Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ), Constellation Rearrangement, Turbo Coding.
Built-In Self-Test, Diagnosis, and Repair of MultiMode Power Switches

Recently proposed power-gating structures for intermediate power-off modes offer significant power saving benefits as they reduce the leakage power during short periods of inactivity. Even though they are very effective for reducing static power consumption, their reliable operation can be compromised by process variations and manufacturing defects. In this paper, we propose a signature analysis technique to efficiently test power-gating structures that provide intermediate power-off modes. Based on this technique, a methodology to repair catastrophic and parametric faults, and to tolerate process variations is presented. For testing and repairing multimode power switches, we propose a robust built-in self-test and built-in self-repair scheme that reduces test cost and obviates additional manufacturing steps for post-silicon repair. Simulation results highlight the low-cost and effectiveness of the proposed method for detecting, diagnosing, and repairing defects.
A PLL clock generator with 5 to 110 MHz lock range for microprocessors

The authors describe a phase-locked-loop (PLL)-based deskewed clock generator that is fully integrated with a microprocessor and achieves a skew of less than 0.1 ns with peak-to-peak jitter of 0.45 ns using an 0.8- mu m CMOS technology. The block diagram of the deskewed clock generator is shown along with the measured schmoo diagram of the PLL clock generator functionality frequency versus supply voltage. <<ETX>>
Isolation and characterization of ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stem cells obtained from a surgical patient

The aim of the present study was to investigate the morphological characteristics and pluripotent differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Bone marrow cells were isolated from a rib fragment of an adult surgical patient, hBMMSCs were isolated based on plastic adherence and expanded ex vivo and phenotyping was performed. Pluripotent differentiation assays for adipogenesis, myogenesis and osteogenesis were conducted. Hematopoietic reconstruction of sublethally irradiated nude mice was performed by infusion of hBMMSCs. The gene expression profiles of early and late hBMMSCs were examined. The rate of CD31-positive cells was 31.1% in passage (P)4 hBMMSCs and 18.6% in P10 hBMMSCs. CD105 and CD106 were expressed in 99 and 95% of P25 hBMMSCs, respectively. Lipid droplets appeared at day 18 post induction. For osteogenesis, palpable masses were grossly observed from day 35 post inoculation of hBMMSCs. Hematoxylin and eosin staining further revealed chondrocytes and bone tissues. For myogenesis, at day six post subcutaneous inoculation, hBMMSCs differentiated into myocytes and were positive for myoglobin and MyoD1. In irradiated nude mice reconstituted by hBMMSCs, the white blood cell count briefly decreased following irradiation; however, it gradually recovered. In the irradiated nude mice reconstituted with hBMMSCs, CD45- and CD34-positive cells were detected 72 h post induction. Gene microarray analysis of P7 and P57 hBMMSCs demonstrated that 20 genes were upregulated >2 fold and 40 genes were downregulated >2 fold in P57 hBMMSCs. In conclusion, the isolated HBMMSCs possessed pluripotent differentiation potential and it was feasible and safe to use hBMMSCs within 30 passages.
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guiana from 1994 to 2012

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms able to cause severe opportunistic human infections. Their distribution patterns are subject to geographical variations. This study describes their isolation frequencies from clinical specimen in the three French overseas departments of the Americas, namely, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and French Guiana during 1994–2012. A total of 651 strains from as many patients (one isolate per species per patient) were analysed regarding regional isolation patterns and potential pattern changes over time. The Mycobacterium avium complex was the most common group of NTM in Guadeloupe and French Guiana. In Martinique it was the second most common after the rapidly growing mycobacteria. M. fortuitum was the most commonly isolated species in all three departments. Some species (M. kansasii, M. xenopi, and M. terrae complex) displayed a clear regional preference. Furthermore a change in isolation frequency was observed for M. intracellulare (increase) and M. kansasii (decrease) in Guadeloupe. In conclusion, marked regional differences in isolation frequencies of NTM species were observed in the study area. Results are discussed in context of variables such as study populations, risk factors, methodology employed, isolation from pulmonary versus sterile isolation sites (blood, urine, and CSF), and in vitro drug-susceptibility patterns.
Sharing Costs for Better Selfish Network Design

We consider how to design network cost-sharing protocols to induce benign selfish behavior in large networks. We study this issue in network cost-sharing games, where the set of Nash equilibria depends fundamentally on the choice of the underlying edge cost-sharing protocols. We seek cost-sharing protocols that minimize the inefficiency of equilibria in the resulting network design game, as measured by the price of anarchy or the price of stability. We delineate between oblivious cost-sharing protocols, where each edge computes cost shares using only “local” information, and the more powerful but less practical class of non-oblivious protocols, where the cost-sharing method of an edge can be informed by the global structure of the network. In undirected networks, even oblivious cost-sharing schemes can dramatically improve the worstcase price of anarchy over that incurred by previously considered schemes. We give nearly matching upper and lower bounds on the worst-case price of anarchy achievable by both oblivious and non-oblivious cost-sharing, in both single-sink and multicommodity networks. In directed networks, simple examples show that non-trivial positive results are possible only for the price of stability. We show that among oblivious cost-sharing protocols, the Shapley cost-sharing scheme minimizes the worst-case price of stability. Conceptually, this result implies that giving edges the ability to identify the identities of its users—as opposed to just the number of users—has no impact on the price of stability, provided only local information is available. We also give results for the price of stability under non-oblivious cost-sharing schemes. Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, 393 Terman Engineering Building, Stanford, CA 94305. Research supported in part by NSF Award 0323766. Email: holin@stanford.edu. Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, 462 Gates Building, 353 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305. Supported in part by ONR grant N00014-04-1-0725, DARPA grant W911NF-05-1-0224, and an NSF CAREER Award. Email: tim@cs.stanford.edu. Harvard University. Part of this work done while visiting Stanford University and supported in part by DARPA grant W911NF05-1-0224. Email: valiant@fas.harvard. edu.
Identification of a B cell differentiation factor(s) spontaneously produced by proliferating T cells in murine lupus strains of the lpr/lpr genotype

Lymph node and spleen cells of the autoimmune MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mouse strain spontaneously produce (in the absence of mitogenic stimulation) a factor(s) that induces B cell differentiation. This factor is not produced by the congenic MRL/n mouse strain that lacks the lpr gene or by normal mouse strains. However, lymphoid cells of the B6-lpr/lpr (B6/1) strain also produce a B cell differentiation factor. Although the factor acts on resting B cells, its effect is greatly magnified by activating the B cells with anti-mu or lipopolysaccharide. MRL/l mice begin producing the factor as early as 1 mo of age but levels increase with age and appearance of lymphoproliferation. Cell depletion studies reveal that this factor is produced by T cells of the Lyt-1+2- phenotype. Because of its association with the lpr/lpr genotype, we term this B cell differentiation factor L-BCDF. Functional analysis of L-BCDF reveals that it acts regardless of cell density in culture and in the absence of interleukin 2 (IL-2). In fact, the increase in the production of L-BCDF by MRL/1 T cells with aging occurs concomitantly with a marked decrease in their ability to produce IL-2. No T cell replacing factor activity or B cell growth factor-like activity can be detected in MRL/l-derived supernatants. L-BCDF induces both IgM and IgG synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-activated B cells; however, it has a greater effect on IgG secretion. In particular, the production of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b are markedly enhanced in the presence of L-BCDF. The spontaneous production of L-BCDF by T cells of SLE mice of lpr/lpr genotype suggests an association of this factor with autoimmunity.
Lexicon Design for Transcription of Spontaneous Voice Messages

Building a comprehensive pronunciation lexicon is a crucial element in the success of any speech recognition engine. The first stage of lexicon design involves the compilation of a comprehensive word list that keeps the Out-Of-Vocabulary (OOV) word rate to a minimum. The second stage involves providing optimized phonemic representations for all lexical items on the list. The research presented here focuses on the first stage of lexicon design ― word list compilation, and describes the methodologies employed in the collection of a pronunciation lexicon designed for the purpose of American English voice message transcription using speech recognition. The lexicon design used is based on a topic domain structure with a target of 90% word coverage for each domain. This differs somewhat from standard approaches where probable words from textual corpora are extracted. This paper raises four issues involved in lexicon design for the transcription of spontaneous voice messages: the inclusion of interjections and other characteristics common to spontaneous speech; the identification of unique messaging terminology; the relative ratio of proper nouns to common words; and the overall size of the lexicon.
A safety shell for UML-RT Projects

A safety shell pattern was defined based on a reconfiguration management pattern, and inspired by the architectural specifications in Specification PEARL. It is meant to be used for real-time applications to be developed with UML-RT as described. The implementation of the safety shell features as defined by in [8], namely its timing and state guards as well as I/O protection and exception handling mechanisms, is explained. The pattern is parameterised by defining the properties of its components as well as by defining the mapping between software and hardware architectures. Initial and alternative execution scenarios as well as the method for switching between them are defined. The goal pursued with the safety shell is to obtain clearly specified operation scenarios with well defined transitions between them. To achieve safe and timely operation, the pattern must provide safety shell mechanisms for an application designed, i.e., enable its predictable deterministic and temporally predictable operation now and in the future.
IV-FMC: An automated vision based part modeling and reconstruction system for flexible manufacturing cells

The use of computer vision system in manufacturing industry can eliminate the visual faults due to the limitation of human vision and increase productivity. The aim of the current study is to develop an automated vision system (IV-FMC) to reconstruct manufacturing parts in three-dimensional (3D) model. In the designed system, laser stripes are projected onto an object to be scanned. A charge-coupled device (CCD) camera captures the two dimensional (2D) image from the reflected stripes. Based of the principle of optical triangulation, the distance between the object and the camera is calculated in which the third dimension of the image is obtained. These processes iterate each time the object is rotated in different angles, letting the system to capture the whole view of the object being scanned. A 3D model of the object is then reconstructed by merging multiple range images obtained from the range scanning. A PC-based data acquisition board is designed to control the switching of the laser module. The reconstruction process is automated to form a single 3D surface model of the object being scanned.
Developmental framework for imitation Research Progress Report 2

2 Sensing and acting in the real word 3 2.1 What is wrong with the classical AI paradigm? 3 2.2 What is important? 3 2.2.1 Anticipation . 3 2.2.2 Development . 4 2.2. 3 Imitation . 4