Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on meaningful string extraction algorithm for improving webpage classification

This paper shows that the accuracy of webpage classifiers can be improved by extracting meaningful strings with an unsupervised clustering method. Since webpage classification is different from original document classification with its words and phrases irregular, massive and unlabeled features, to cope with these features, we introduce two scenarios for extracting meaningful strings based on document clustering and term clustering with multi-strategies to optimize a vector space model (VSM). First, some candidate strings are used to build VSM; then, two scenarios performance on VSM respectively; last, we can extract meaningful strings from each cluster. So, theses meaningful string may represent documents comprehensively. The proposed method has been applied to webpage document classification and the results show that document clustering works better than term clustering. They also demonstrate that spectral clustering method outperforms k-means in document clustering case, conversely, make reduce performance in term clustering. However, a better synthetic performance can be obtained by spectral clustering with document clustering from some experiments.
Low cost flexible robot manipulator for pick and place tasks

The present study reports a novel concept for flexible robot manipulators focusing in low cost construction. The proposed flexible robot arm was designed for pick and place applications of light weight products. The robot arm is actuated by the use of two DC motors and one stepping motor. And a wire connected to the stepping motor is used for controlling the bending position of the flexible link. The vibration of the end tip of the flexible link is reduced by the action of the pulling wire. Preliminary experimental results regarding the flexible link are presented.
Preference awareness education as stress management training for academic staff

This paper describes a response directed stress management intervention (SMI) in the form of a Jungian based preference awareness education (PAE). It uses the Insights System of personality types to increase awareness of behaviour and communication preferences of self and different others. Eighteen self-recruited academic employees participated for 7 weeks and received feedback about work preferences and personality type. The aim was to reduce perceptions of stress and interpersonal stress and to increase feelings of job satisfaction and interpersonal satisfaction. The data were analysed using two-tailed t-tests. No significant findings were observed for the total sample after training, however, interesting results were found for certain sub-sample groups. Extravert-thinking types, reported decreased stress levels (p > 0.018), and participants suffering high stress/interpersonal stress pre-PAE, reported decreased stress levels (p > 0.010–0.018). Participants suffering low job/interpersonal satisfaction pre-PAE, reported increased job satisfaction (p > 0.015–0.016). These results suggest that individuals who report high levels of stress and dissatisfaction are most likely to benefit from this type of intervention. Future PAE research might: (a) use pilot studies to meet the intervention preferences of employees that are reluctant to participate in SMIs; (b) include a wait-list control group; use: (c) a follow up education/measures; (d) and organizational level (stressor directed) SMIs at the same time as response directed initiatives. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Drug Markets, Travel Distance, and Violence

The factors complicating our understanding of the drugs and violence nexus include the role of community structure and subculture, and situational features of market exchanges. Reuter and MacCoun contribute to the latter by highlighting a typology of market violence. Using distance as a proxy for social ties, the four-market category typology suggests that the mixing of buyers and sellers from various distances has implications for the amount of violence expected to occur within them. This research performs a partial test of that typology using 5 years of arrest and incident data from the Philadelphia Police Department. Multilevel models reveal that compared with markets with local buyers and sellers, those characterized by lengthier travel patterns have significantly higher counts of violent incidents.
Actinomycin resistance in cultured hamster cells.

A cell line derived from a malignant hamster tumor was made resistant to 1 µg/ml actinomycin D by continuous exposure to increasing concentrations of the antibiotic. In addition to a normal nucleolus, the resistant cells exhibited several small exhausted ones in the terminal phase of nucleolar segregation. Comparative growth rate and incorporation of uridine-3H revealed a significant delay in the resistant line as compared with the sensitive one, although the same sequence of incorporation was found qualitatively within the nucleolus and the nucleus. Cross-resistance was present in resistant cells with Nogalamycin and Chromomycin, two antibiotics with a mode of action similar to actinomycin but chemically unrelated. Incorporation of actinomycin D-3H was studied by high-resolution radioautography: radioactivity was found in the chromatin of resistant cells although in lower amounts than in sensitive cells. According to other experiments, actinomycin penetration was thought to be altered in resistant HeLa and B. subtilis cells. In the present case, the resistance is considered likely to result from a successive derepression of secondary organizers and/or the development of an enzymatic mechanism for inacti-vation of actinomycin inside the cell.
Comparative Visual Analysis of 2D Function Ensembles

In the development process of powertrain systems, 2D function ensembles frequently occur in the context of multi‐run simulations. An analysis has many facets, including distributions of extracted features, comparisons between ensemble members and target functions, and details‐on‐demand. The primary contribution of this paper is a design study of an interactive approach for a comparative visual analysis of 2D function ensembles. The design focuses on a tight integration of domain‐oriented and member‐oriented visualization techniques, and it seeks to preserve the mental model of 2D functions on multiple levels of detail. In this context, we propose a novel focus+context approach for visualizations relying on data‐driven placement which is based on labeling. We also extend work on feature‐preserving downsampling of 2D functions. Our design supports a comparison of 2D functions based on juxtaposition, overlay, and explicit differences. It also enables an analysis in terms of extracted scalar features and 1D aggregations. An evaluation illustrates a workflow in our application context. User feedback indicates a time saving of 70% for common tasks and a qualitative gain for the entire development process.
Comparing Quantitative Values of Two Generations of Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Dye Angiography Systems: Can We Predict Necrosis?

Objective: Several devices exist today to assist the intraoperative determination of skin flap perfusion. Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Dye Angiography (LAICGA) has been shown to accurately predict mastectomy skin flap necrosis using quantitative perfusion values. The laser properties of the latest LAICGA device (SPY Elite) differ significantly from its predecessor system (SPY 2001), preventing direct translation of previous published data. The purpose of this study was to establish a mathematical relationship of perfusion values between these 2 devices. Methods: Breast reconstruction patients were prospectively enrolled into a clinical trial where skin flap evaluation and excision was based on quantitative SPY Q values previously established in the literature. Initial study patients underwent mastectomy skin flap evaluation using both SPY systems simultaneously. Absolute perfusion unit (APU) values at identical locations on the breast were then compared graphically. Results: 210 data points were identified on the same patients (n = 4) using both SPY systems. A linear relationship (y = 2.9883x + 12.726) was identified with a high level or correlation (R2 = 0.744). Previously published values using SPY 2001 (APU 3.7) provided a value of 23.8 APU on the SPY Elite. In addition, postoperative necrosis in these patients correlated to regions of skin identified with the SPY Elite with APU less than 23.8. Conclusion: Intraoperative comparison of LAICGA systems has provided direct correlation of perfusion values predictive of necrosis that were previously established in the literature. An APU value of 3.7 from the SPY 2001 correlates to a SPY Elite APU value of 23.8.
INCORPORATION OF PASSIVE WING FOLDING IN FLAPPING WING MINIATURE AIR VEHICLES

Flapping wing motion produces positive lift in the down stroke and negative lift in the upstroke under zero forward velocity. Large birds frequently exhibit flight behavior where their wings are folded during the upstroke, thus lowering the air resistance as the wing is moved upwards. The result is reduced magnitude of negative lift produced during the upstroke, relative to the positive lift produced in the down stroke, where the wings are unfolded and the area is increased. We expect that by incorporating this style of upstroke wing folding into miniature air vehicle (MAV) platforms, beneficial flight properties would arise. Specifically, a portion of the wings’ overall lift will be generated by upstroke folding and downstroke unfolding, even at zero forward velocity. Such a capability will reduce the reliance on aerodynamic lift produced due to the forward motion of the MAV. This in turn would reduce the minimum flight-sustaining forward velocity and thus enhance MAV maneuverability by allowing for a reduced turning radius. Incorporating wing folding into a miniature air vehicle platform presents a unique challenge due to strict weight constraints present at small sizes. Using actuators to accomplish folding actively is not feasible due to the added weight of the actuators and the need for an on-board control system to synchronize the folding with the wing flapping motion. Therefore, the folding motion must be accomplished passively, since this is currently the only viable option in miniature MAVs. We have developed a passive, spatially distributed, one-way folding mechanism. This mechanism has been incorporated into a flying MAV testbed, and has successfully shown that the flapping wing MAV with folding wings is capable of flying at reduced forward velocity, while maintaining the payload carrying capacity.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Laplace spectra on open and compact Zeeman manifolds

By a recent observation, the Laplacians on the Riemannian manifolds the author used for isospectrality constructions are nothing but the Zeeman-Hamilton operators of free charged particles. These manifolds can be considered as prototypes of the so called Zeeman manifolds. This observation allows to develop a spectral theory both on open Z-manifolds and their compact submanifolds. The theory on open manifolds leads to a new nonperturbative approach to the infinities of QED. This idea exploits that the quantum Hilbert space decomposes into subspaces (Zeeman zones) which are invariant under the actions both of this Zeeman-Laplace operator and the natural complex Heisenberg group representation. Thus a well defined particle theory and zonal geometry can be developed on each zone separately. The most surprising result is that quantities divergent on the global setting are finite on the zonal setting. Even the zonal Feynman integral is well defined. The results include explicit computations of objects such as the zonal spectra, the waves defining the zonal point-spreads, the zonal Wiener-Kac resp. Dirac-Feynman flows, and the corresponding partition functions. The observation adds new view-point also to the problem of finding intertwining operators by which isospectral pairs of metrics with different local geometries on compact submanifolds can be constructed. Among the examples the author constructed the most surprising are the isospectrality families containing both homogeneous and locally inhomogeneous metrics. The observation provides even quantum physical interpretation to the isospectrality.
AtHMA 3 , a P 1 B-ATPase Allowing Cd / Zn / Co / Pb Vacuolar Storage in Arabidopsis 1 [ W ]

The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Heavy Metal Associated3 (AtHMA3) protein belongs to the P1B-2 subgroup of the P-type ATPase family, which is involved in heavy metal transport. In a previous study, we have shown, using heterologous expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that in the presence of toxic metals, AtHMA3 was able to phenotypically complement the cadmium/lead (Cd/Pb)-hypersensitive strain ycf1 but not the zinc (Zn)-hypersensitive strain zrc1. In this study, we demonstrate that AtHMA3 in planta is located in the vacuolar membrane, with a high expression level in guard cells, hydathodes, vascular tissues, and the root apex. Confocal imaging in the presence of the Zn/Cd fluorescent probe BTC-5N revealed that AtHMA3 participates in the vacuolar storage of Cd. AT-DNA insertional mutant was found more sensitive to Zn and Cd. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of AtHMA3 improved plant tolerance to Cd, cobalt, Pb, and Zn; Cd accumulation increased by about 2to 3-fold in plants overexpressing AtHMA3 compared with wild-type plants. Thus, AtHMA3 likely plays a role in the detoxification of biological (Zn) and nonbiological (Cd, cobalt, and Pb) heavy metals by participating in their vacuolar sequestration, an original function for a P1B-2 ATPase in a multicellular eukaryote.
RiceXPro Version 3.0: expanding the informatics resource for rice transcriptome

A wide range of resources on gene expression profiling enhance various strategies in plant molecular biology particularly in characterization of gene function. We have updated our gene expression profile database, RiceXPro (http://ricexpro.dna.affrc.go.jp/), to provide more comprehensive information on the transcriptome of rice encompassing the entire growth cycle and various experimental conditions. The gene expression profiles are currently grouped into three categories, namely, ‘field/development’ with 572 data corresponding to 12 data sets, ‘plant hormone’ with 143 data corresponding to 13 data sets and ‘cell- and tissue-type’ comprising of 38 microarray data. In addition to the interface for retrieving expression information of a gene/genes in each data set, we have incorporated an interface for a global approach in searching an overall view of the gene expression profiles from multiple data sets within each category. Furthermore, we have also added a BLAST search function that enables users to explore expression profile of a gene/genes with similarity to a query sequence. Therefore, the updated version of RiceXPro can be used more efficiently to survey the gene expression signature of rice in sufficient depth and may also provide clues on gene function of other cereal crops.
Handling uncertainties in SVM classification

This paper addresses the pattern classification problem arising when available target data include some uncertainty information. Target data considered here is either qualitative (a class label) or quantitative (an estimation of the posterior probability). Our main contribution is a SVM inspired formulation of this problem allowing to take into account class label through a hinge loss as well as probability estimates using ε-insensitive cost function together with a minimum norm (maximum margin) objective. This formulation shows a dual form leading to a quadratic problem and allows the use of a representer theorem and associated kernel. The solution provided can be used for both decision and posterior probability estimation. Based on empirical evidence our method outperforms regular SVM in terms of probability predictions and classification performances.
Evaluating software reuse alternatives: a model and its application to an industrial case study

We propose a model that enables software developers to systematically evaluate and compare all possible alternative reuse scenarios. The model supports the clear identification of the basic operations involved and associates a cost component with each basic operation in a focused and precise way. The model is a practical tool that assists developers to weigh and evaluate different reuse scenarios, based on accumulated organizational data, and then to decide which option to select in a given situation. The model is currently being used at six different companies for cost-benefit analysis of alternative reuse scenarios; we give a case study that illustrates how it has been used in practice.
Parental Preference, Heterogeneity, and Inequality Within the Household

Given siblings are heterogeneous in their genetic endowment, we strive to model the implication of parental behaviour for inequality among siblings. Children are posited as passive recipients of human capital inputs from their parents. Unless there is a significant difference in genetic endowment among siblings, parents tend to reinforce the impact of genetic endowment by investing more in those who are likely to earn higher any ways. However, introducing uncertainty in earnings dilutes the above results. Parents’ decision regarding the allocation of human capital resources among siblings takes a different tune when the process involves the distribution of physical capital as well
Anticipated Group Interaction: Coping with Valence Asymmetries in Attitude Shift

Many consumer decisions are influenced by social interactions with other consumers. This research proposes that negative group information induces asymmetric effects on individual attitudes toward a product, depending on anticipated group interaction as a moderating variable. More specifically, negative group information is expected to induce more attitude change on consumers who hold positive attitudes. However, an opposite pattern of results is predicted when consumers anticipate discussing their product attitude with a group. Namely, negative group information should stimulate more attitude change on consumers who hold negative attitudes. In two experiments, we show reliable support for this interaction between individual attitude valence, group attitude valence, and anticipated group interaction. We also provide evidence in support of the theoretically predicted mechanism responsible for these effects. Implications for the emerging consumer literatures on valence asymmetry and anticipated group interaction are discussed.
A CROSS‐CULTURAL COMPARISON OF COGNITIVE STYLES IN CHINESE AND AMERICAN CHILDREN

Abstract Une epreuve adaptee du Sigel Cognitive Style Test a ete appliquee a 316 eleves americains et 221 eleves chinois (Taiwan) du quatrieme et cinquieme degre de l'ecole elementaire. Il etait suppose que, par rapport a leurs condisciples chinois, les ecoliers americains obtiendraient des resultats 1) superieurs pour le style descriptif-analytique; 2) inferieurs pour le style descriptif-global; 5) inferieurs pour le mode relation-contexte; 4) superieurs pour le style inference-categorie. Les resultats ont confirme les hypotheses (1), (3) et (4) pour les deux niveaux scolaires et pour les garcons aussi bien que les jeunes filles. On a pu conclure que les eleves chinois ont prefere categoriser les stimuli selon leur interdependance ou leurs rapports, tandis que les sujets americains ont classifie les stimuli D'apres les caracteristiques inferees de ces stimuli, en analysant les composantes observables de l'assemblage-stimulus.
Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Torque Control With a Deadbeat Solution for PMSM Drives

This paper proposes a control strategy of finite-control-set model predictive torque control (FCS-MPTC) with a deadbeat (DB) solution for permanent-magnet synchronous motor drives. By using a DB solution, the process of selection of the best switching vector is optimized. The predicted DB voltage sector consisting of the desired voltage vector (VV) avoids the complete enumeration for testing all feasible VVs, which relieves the big calculation effort of the traditional FCS-MPTC method. The proposed system is experimentally carried out both in the steady state and in the transient state.
RF performance of process-induced strain-engineered n-MOSFETs

Results of high frequency performance studies using technology CAD (TCAD) of process-induced strain- engineered n-MOSFETs with channel lengths down to 40 nm is reported. Uniaxial tensile stress induced in the channel using stressed contact liners were found to significantly improve ac performance, predicting a maximum oscillation frequency, fmax as high as 450 GHz. A record high cutoff frequency, fT of 380 GHz has been obtained in simulation, which, however, needs to be verified experimentally.
Determinants of organisational identification and supportive intentions

Abstract Organisational identification is the perception of belongingness to an organisation and a sense of oneness with the organisation. Identification has long been recognised as having important implications for the sense of satisfaction and belonging of employees and for the effectiveness of the organisation. Our research examined the impact of students' identification with a university on intentions to support the university. Drawing data collected at three different universities in Korea, the researchers investigated: (1) the effect of students' identification with athletic programmes and their academic department on identification with a university and intentions to support a university; and (2) the effect of identification with a university on intentions to support the university. Three hundred and six university students participated in the study. Structural equation modelling (i.e. LISREL) was employed to test the causal relationships among the hypothesised relationships. Results showed that identification with both athletic programmes and academic department had strong effects on intentions to support the university. In addition, those who identified with the university showed strong intentions to support the university. The results of the study indicate that individuals who identify with the organisation are apt to support it in various ways, and that identification can be encouraged through various means. The findings of this study may also suggest some important implications for marketing managers and their organisations.
‘Big Brother welcomes you’: exploring innovative methods for research with children and young people outside of the home and school environments

This article discusses some of the challenges involved in conducting research with children and young people outside of the home and school environments. We respond to the need to develop new child-centred research techniques which move beyond existing power relations among children and adults by anchoring our approach in the idea of mystery. The paper reports on research utilising a mixed-method design which includes one new technique – the Big Brother diary room. We discuss the unpredictable nature of the fieldwork, reflect on the ‘messiness’ of the research process, and critically evaluate our own research design.