Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analisis Regresi Non Linier (Polinomial) Dalam Pembentukan Kriteria Visibilitas Hilal Di Indonesia

Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa koefisien determinasi terbesar diperoleh dari hubungan semidiameter toposentrik dengan fraksi iluminasi bernilai 0,945; disusul kemudian altitude toposentrik dengan lebar hilal bernilai 0,915; lebar hilal-elongasi bernilai 0,912; elongasi- altitude toposentrik bernilai 0,9066 dan nilai koefisien terendah diperoleh dari hubungan selisih azimut dengan altitude toposentrik dan elongasi berturut-berturut bernilai 0,352 dan 0,318. Berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi ini juga terlihat bahwa azimut tidak begitu signifikan mempengaruhi altitude toposentrik dan elongasi karena nilai koefisien yang rendah. Namun di sisi lain, lebar hilal, umur hilal elongasi dan ketinggian hilal saling memengaruhi satu sama lain dengan begitu signifikan karena nilai koefisien yang cukup besar mendekati. Kriteria terbaik dibentuk berdasarkan altitude toposentrik dan elongasi atau altitude toposentrik dengan lebar hilal toposentrik. Kriteria Altitude -Elongasi dengan persamaan h ≥ 0,0445 ARCL 2 – 0,6065 ARCL + 4,0165° memiliki titik balik minimum pada 6,815° untuk elongasi dan 1,950° untuk altitude . kriteria Altitude -Lebar Hilal dengan persamaan h ≥ 0,9373 W ’ 3 – 3,6892 W ’ 2 + 11,596 W ’ + 1,4057° memiliki titik belok pada 1,312 menit busur untuk lebar hilal dan 12,386° untuk altitude . Keyword: visibilitas hilal, regresi polinomial.
EPICUTANEOUS TESTING

Recent years have provided us with in vitro methods for studies of type IV allergy such as the lymphocyte transformation test and the leukocyte migration test, but although these tests have been applied with some success in allergic contact dermatitis (5, 14), they have far from reached a state of perfection in which they may be used as standard tests for this condition. The same appears to be the case for the lymphocyte cytotoxicity test used by Delescluse Sc Turk 12). The epicutaneous test, imperfect as it is, therefore still remains indispensable as a practical in vivo test for allergic contact dermatitis. This issue of Allergy contains a review by Matti Hannuksela (6) on epicutaneous testing. The review is an up-to-date presentation of the status of epicutaneous testing. The article not only deals with the well-known use of the test in common delayed type contact allergy, but also with its use in photo contact allergy and type I contact allergy. The initial studies of Magnusson and his colleagues (11) and of Kligman (8) led to a better understanding of the variables involved—site of application, degree of occlusion, dose-response ratios, etc. and allowed the Scandinavian Committee and later the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) to establish standard systems of testing that are now in general use. The reviews' article draws attention to an alternative type of testing, the chamber test. This procedure introduced in Finland by Pirila (13) is a variant of the patch test and has recently been approved by the ICDRG as a suitable standardized method for epicutaneous testing. In spite of this work there are still gaps in our understanding of some of the observations in patch testing, observations it is necessary to know for the right interpretation of test results. Among the more important are that when a contact dermatitis, allergic or non-allergic, is acute, spreading or widespread, testing should be postponed until the eruption is under control. Otherwise false positive reactions may be obtained because the entire skin may be irritable, in a state of so-called "angry back" as Hannuksela points out. A number of technical reasons for false negative reactions are also mentioned. Not stated in the article are, however, effects of treatment on patch tests results. Topical applications of corticosteroids suppress patch tests reactions more than systemic treatment (4, i2). Patch testing may be performed even when hormones are given in doses sufficient to compietely suppress the clinical eruption, while topical corticosteroids are much more likely to suppress a test response. Antihistamines do not significantly change patch tests results. Experience is needed when testing with unstandardized substances. As mentioned the proper concentration and vehicle may be found in a number of textbooks (1, 3), but the introduction of a great number of new chemicals in industry often makes it necessary empirically to find the right concentration of a new potential allergen and the best vehicle for testing. It should also be emphasized that a positive patch test reaction, although it
Gigahertz modulation of tunneling-based GaAs light emitters

We demonstrate GaAs surface-emitting light-emitting diodes (LED's) containing a resonant tunneling structure that combine ultrahigh modulation bandwidths in excess of 2 GHz with high-external efficiency. In contrast to previously demonstrated resonant tunneling LED's that were used for quantum-well (QW) emission at cryogenic temperatures, these devices operate at room temperature (RT). These devices are less affected by nonradiative recombination compared to the conventional heavy-doping approach, in which a high-modulation bandwidth was obtained only at the expense of a more than proportional reduction in quantum efficiency.
Helper‐dependent adenovirus for the gene therapy of proliferative retinopathies: stable gene transfer, regulated gene expression and therapeutic efficacy

Ocular neovascular disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy and age‐related macular degeneration, are the principal causes of blindness in developed countries. Current treatments are of limited efficacy, whereas a therapy based on intraocular gene transfer of angiostatic factors represents a promising alternative. For the first time we have explored the potential of helper‐dependent adenovirus (HD‐Ad), the last generation of Ad vectors, in the therapy of retinal neovascularization.
Cisplatinum-Based Alternating Non-Cross-Resistant Chemotherapy as a First-Line Treatment in Metastatic Breast Cancer. A Phase II Study

Exposure to multiple non-cross-resistant drugs should increase cell kill and the chance of achieving more complete and partial responses. Our earlier study in breast cancer showed that second-line CAP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, cis-platinum) treatment was not cross-resistant to the CMFVP (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, prednisolone) regimen and produced a 51% response rate. These facts initiated a phase II study which used an alternating CMFVP/ CAP regimen. Altogether, 49 patients entered the study and 45 were evaluated (> 2 cycles). The CMFVP regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5), methotrexate (30 mg/m2 on days 2 and 4), 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m2 on days 1, 3 and 5), vincristine (1.4 mg/m2 on days 1 and 5), and prednisolone (40 mg p.o. on days 1-5), and was alternated with the CAP schedule (300 mg/m2 cyclophosphamide on days 1, 3 and 5, 50 mg/m2 adriamycin on day 1, and 30 mg/m2 cis-platinum on days 1, 3 and 5). Overall response was high, and 37 patients out of 45 responded (82%), with a 28% CR rate (13/45). A particularly high response rate was observed in soft tissues (86%, 18/21) and visceral organs (84%, 16/19). Only 1 patient progressed (3%). The duration of remission was 4-21+ months (median, 12 months). Six of 13 CR patients were still disease free 15 months after the treatment was stopped. The duration of survival was 5-25+ months (median, 15+ months). Toxicity was moderate (myelosuppression in 53% of patients, mainly grade I-II; stomatitis in 11%, except for 100% alopecia and 90% nausea and vomiting). One drug-related death (bone marrow aplasia) was recorded. The high antitumorigenic activity of the alternating regimen used is encouraging and may call for a randomized study for the ultimate evaluation of this treatment approach.
BLAZAR 3C 454.3 IN OUTBURST AND QUIESCENCE DURING 2005–2007: TWO VARIABLE SYNCHROTRON EMISSION PEAKS

We monitored the flaring blazar 3C 454.3 during 2005 June–July with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS: 15 epochs), Infrared Array Camera (IRAC: 12 epochs), and Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS: 2 epochs). We also made Spitzer IRS, IRAC, and MIPS observations from 2006 December to 2007 January when the source was in a low state, the latter simultaneous with a single Chandra X-ray observation. In addition, we present optical and submillimeter (sub-mm) monitoring data. The 2005–2007 period saw three major outbursts. We present evidence that the radio–optical spectral energy distribution (SED) actually consists of two variable synchrotron peaks, the primary at IR and the secondary at sub-mm wavelengths. The lag between the optical and sub-mm outbursts may indicate that these two peaks arise from two distinct regions along the jet separated by a distance of 0.9–3 pc. The flux at 5–35 μm varied by a factor of 40 and the IR peak varied in frequency from 4 × 1012 Hz to 4 × 1013 Hz between the highest and lowest states in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Variability was well correlated across the mid-IR band, with no measurable lag. Flares that doubled in flux occurred on a timescale of ∼5 days, yielding a variability size of <0.05 pc. The IR SED peak moved to higher frequency as a flare brightened, then returned to lower frequency as it decayed. The fractional variability amplitude increased with frequency, which we attribute to decreasing synchrotron self-absorption optical depth. Mid-IR flares may signal the re-energization of a shock that runs into inhomogeneities along the pre-existing jet or in the external medium. The synchrotron peak frequencies during each major outburst may depend upon both the distance from the jet apex and the physical conditions in the shocks. Variation of the Doppler parameter along a curved or helical jet is another possibility. Frequency variability of the IR synchrotron peak may have important consequences for the interpretation of the blazar sequence, and the presence of a secondary peak may give insight into jet structure.
Onset of terminal decline in cognitive abilities in individuals without dementia

Objective: To identify time of onset and rate of mortality-related change (terminal decline) in cognitive abilities in later life. Method: The sample consisted of 288 individuals without dementia (born 1901–1902) drawn from the population of Göteborg, Sweden. Participants were followed from age 70 until death, with up to 12 measurement occasions on three cognitive abilities. Change-point analysis was performed using an automated piecewise linear mixed modeling approach to identify the inflection point indicating accelerated within-person change related to mortality. A profile likelihood method was used to identify the change point that best fit the data for each of three cognitive abilities. Results: Onset of terminal decline was identified 6.6 years prior to death for verbal ability, 7.8 years for spatial ability, and 14.8 years for perceptual speed. Conclusions: There is substantial acceleration in cognitive decline many years prior to death among individuals without dementia. Time of onset and rate of terminal decline vary considerably across cognitive abilities.
On long-term cooperation and hostility in bilateral relations of growth oriented parties

Using a linear systems approach, the effects of long-term cooperation and hostility in the relationship of two growth-oriented parties (e.g., societies, nations and companies) are addressed. The relationship between two parties is called cooperative, if both parties use part of their achievements to favor the other one. The final value theorem is the main system theoretic tool to draw conclusions on the success/failure of a certain interaction pattern. The concept of "need for achievement" developed in the behavioral sciences is used to interpret a necessary and sufficient condition for successful cooperation.
Splicing Defect in Mitochondrial Seryl‐tRNA Synthetase Gene Causes Progressive Spastic Paresis Instead of HUPRA Syndrome

Mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases are an important group of disease genes typically underlying either a disorder affecting an isolated tissue or a distinct syndrome. Missense mutations in the mitochondrial seryl‐tRNA synthetase gene, SARS2, have been identified in HUPRA syndrome (hyperuricemia, pulmonary hypertension, renal failure in infancy, and alkalosis). We report here a homozygous splicing mutation in SARS2 in a patient with progressive spastic paresis. We show that the mutation leads to diminished levels of the synthetase in patient's fibroblasts. This has a destabilizing effect on the tRNASer(AGY) isoacceptor, but to a lesser degree than in HUPRA syndrome patients. tRNASer(UCN) is largely unaffected in both phenotypes. In conclusion, the level of tRNASer(AGY) instability may be a factor in determining tissue manifestation in patients with SARS2 mutations. This finding exemplifies the sensitivity of the nervous system to partially reduced aminoacylation, which is sufficient in other tissues to maintain respiratory chain function.
Observed Signatures of the Barotropic and Baroclinic Annular Modes in Cloud Vertical Structure and Cloud Radiative Effects

AbstractThe signatures of large-scale annular variability on the vertical structure of clouds and cloud radiative effects are examined in vertically resolved CloudSat and other satellite and reanalysis data products. The northern and southern “barotropic” annular modes (the NAM and SAM) have a complex vertical structure. Both are associated with a meridional dipole in clouds between subpolar and middle latitudes, but the sign of the anomalies changes between upper, middle, and lower tropospheric levels. In contrast, the northern and southern baroclinic annular modes have a much simpler vertical structure. Both are linked to same-signed anomalies in clouds extending throughout the troposphere at middle to high latitudes. The changes in cloud incidence associated with both the barotropic and baroclinic annular modes are consistent with dynamical forcing by the attendant changes in static stability and/or vertical motion. The results also provide the first observational estimates of the vertically resolved a.
Quinidine-InducedDecrease of IntracellularEsteraseActivityin a Hepatoma Cell Line

Using image-analyzing equipment, we measured the effect of quinidine on the activity of naphthol AS-D chioroacetate esterase, a-naphthyl butyrate esterase, a-naphthyl acetate esterase, and acid phosphatase in individual cells of a human Hep G2 hepatoma cell line. The impact of the drug on the morphology of the cells was also observed. Depending on the concentration of quinidine applied, various changes occurred, the most extreme being cell death. However, at some drug concentrations that did not appear to affect visible cell structures, the activity of the esterases was decreased. This lessened enzyme activity did not seem to be related to the enzymes leaking from the cells, because the activity of acid phosphatase was unaffected. Inhibition of the esterase activity was related to the interval of exposure to quinidine in the perfusing medium and to the concentration of the drug. We consider the system described here to be a potential replacement for experiments with animals in the study of hepatotoxicity.
Microglia kill amyloid-&bgr;1-42 damaged neurons by a CD14-dependent process

Activated microglia are closely associated with neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, neurons exposed to low concentrations of amyloid-&bgr;1-42, a toxic fragment of the amyloid-&bgr; protein, were killed by microglia in a process that required cell–cell contact. Pre-treating microglia with polyclonal antibodies to the CD14 protein, or treating neurons exposed to amyloid-&bgr;1-42 with a CD14-IgG chimera, prevented the killing of amyloid-&bgr;1-42 damaged neurons by microglia. Moreover, microglia from CD14 null mice failed to kill amyloid-&bgr;1-42 damaged neurons. Increased neuronal survival was accompanied by a significant reduction in the production of interleukin-6 indicative of reduced microglial activation. These results indicate an important role for CD14 in the recognition and subsequent killing of amyloid-&bgr; damaged neurons by microglia.
Cytokine modulation of glial glutamate uptake: a possble involvement of nitric oxide

Cytokines are released in the central nervous system following brain injury and disease. Several of those conditions are thought to involve the accumulation of extracellular glutamate at excitotoxic concentrations, and may involve compromised glial glutamate uptake. Using primary cultures of postnatal rat hippocampus, we studied the effect of three cytokines on astrocytic high-affinity glutamate uptake. After 24 hours incubation with either tumor necrosis factors a (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β), astrocytic glutamate uptake was markedly attenuated in a dose-dependent manner. Cytokine effects were reversed by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) using N-nitro-L-arginine (LNA), NG-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA) or N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME). Moreover, application of the NO donors 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) and s-nitro-so-n-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) mimicked cytokine inhibition of glutamate uptake. These data suggest that cytokine release can inhibit astrocytic glutamate uptake through a pathway that involves the liberation of nitric oxide. Astrocytic glutamate uptake may thus be compromised under conditions that are known to cause cytokine release such as nervous system injury, inflammation and ischemia.
Persistent Memory: A Storage Architecture for Object-Oriented Database Systems

Object-oriented databases are needed to support database objects with a wide variety of types and structures. A persistent memory system provides a storage architecture for long-term, reliable retention of objects with rich types and structures in the virtual memory itself. It is based on a uniform memory abstraction, which eliminates the distinction between transient objects (data structures) and persistent objects (files and databases), and therefore, allows the same set of powerful and flexible operations to be applied with equal efficiency on both transient and persistent objects from a programming language such as Lisp or Prolog. Because no separate file system is assumed for long-term, reliable storage of objects, the system requires a crash recovery scheme at the level of the virtual memory, which is a major contribution of the paper. It is expected that the persistent memory system will lead to significant simplifications in implementing applications such as object-oriented databases.
Serum protein removal from skim milk with a 3-stage, 3× ceramic Isoflux membrane process at 50°C.

Small pore microfiltration (MF) can be used to remove serum proteins (SP) from skim milk. The process's SP removal efficiency directly influences the technology's economic feasibility. Our objective was to quantify the capacity of 0. 14μm ceramic Isoflux MF membranes (TAMI, Nyons, France) to remove SP from skim milk. A 3-stage, 3×, feed-and-bleed MF study with diafiltration in the latter 2 stages was conducted at 50°C using Isoflux membranes to determine cumulative SP removal percentages and SP removal rates at each processing stage. The experiment was replicated 3 times starting with 3 separate lots of raw milk. In contrast to 3× MF theoretical cumulative SP removal percentages of 68, 90, and 97% after 1, 2, and 3 stages, respectively, the 3× Isoflux MF process removed only 39.5, 58.4, and 70.2% of SP after 1, 2, and 3 stages, respectively. Previous research has been published that provides the skim milk SP removal capacities of 3-stage, 3× 0. 1μm ceramic Membralox (Pall Corp., Cortland, NY) uniform transmembrane pressure (UTP), 0. 1μm ceramic Membralox graded permeability (GP), and 0. 3μm polymeric polyvinylidene fluoride spiral-wound (PVDF-SW) MF systems (Parker-Hannifin, Process Advanced Filtration Division, Tell City, IN) at 50°C. No difference in cumulative SP removal percentage after 3 stages was detected between the Isoflux and previously published PVDF-SW values (70.3%), but SP removal was lower than published GP (96.5%) and UTP (98.3%) values. To remove 95% of SP from 1,000kg of skim milk in 12h it would take 7, 3, 3, and 7 stages with 6.86, 1.91, 2.82, and 17.98m(2) of membrane surface area for the Isoflux, GP, UTP, and PVDF-SW systems, respectively. The MF systems requiring more stages would produce additional permeate at lower protein concentrations. The ceramic MF systems requiring more surface area would incur higher capital costs. The authors hypothesize that SP removal with the Isoflux membranes was lower than theoretical for the following reasons: a range of membrane pore sizes existed (i.e., some pores were too small to pass SP), the selective layer modification and reverse flow conditions at the membrane outlet combined to reduce the effective membrane surface area, and the geometric shape of the Isoflux flow channels promoted early fouling of the membrane and rejection of SP by the foulant.
ÁRBOL DE CAMINOS MÍNIMOS: ENRUTAMIENTO, ALGORITMOS APROXIMADOS Y COMPLEJIDAD

El documento aborda la temática relacionada con los algoritmos aproximados como método para solución de problemas computacionalmente complejos. El objetivo de este paper, es presentar un análisis comparativo entre tres enfoques clásicos de solución de algoritmos y el enfoque de solución mediante algoritmos aproximados. Este análisis incluye la descripción de los códigos y pseudocódigos, así como su análisis comparativo en términos de complejidad en tiempo y espacio. La metodología implementada fue de revisión basada en indicadores biblio métricos de las fuentes y posterior análisis de contenido de los documentos seleccionados. La complejidad computacional de los algoritmos analizados se puede dividir en complejidad de tiempo y de espacio, cada una de estas agrupan los problemas según sus características dentro de los grupos P, NP, PSPACE, NPSPACE, entre otros. A través de la reducción del Set Cover Problem en una versión del Minimun Spanning Tree, MST, se logró comprobar la complejidad de este problema de conectividad. La eficiencia de los algoritmos se determinó con base en los recursos que son utilizados en el momento en que son ejecutados. Se presenta un paralelo entre algoritmos aproximados y algoritmos alternativos a la luz del ejemplo de la reducción del set cover en un árbol de expansión mínimo, logrando evidenciar la complejidad en algoritmos de conectividad. La complejidad computacional se mide a la luz del uso de los recursos, bien sea el uso de los recursos de tiempo o espacio, generando clasificaciones de problemas según sus características particulares medidas por estos dos parámetros.