Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developmental Relations Between ADHD Symptoms and Reactive Versus Proactive Aggression Across Childhood and Adolescence

Objective: Past research has provided some preliminary evidence that ADHD and reactive aggression have overlapping neurocognitive bases. Based on this, we tested the hypothesis that ADHD symptoms are closely coupled in developmental terms with reactive aggression, more so than with proactive aggression with which it has been postulated to be only indirectly linked. Method: We used latent growth curve analysis to estimate the developmental relations between ADHD symptoms and subtypes of aggressive behavior in a normative sample of 1,571 youth (761 female, 810 male) measured from ages 7 to 15. Results: Individual ADHD trajectories were significantly and substantially correlated with individual trajectories in both aggressive subtypes; however, consistent with our hypothesis, the relation with reactive aggression was significantly stronger. Conclusion: Our study provides some of the first evidence for a differential relation between ADHD symptoms and aggression subtypes not only cross-sectionally but also in terms of their longitudinal developmental trajectories.
Acquisition of an Archaea-like ribonuclease H domain by plant L1 retrotransposons supports modular evolution

Significance Transposons are jumping genes that constitute a sizeable fraction of eukaryotic genomes. They drive genome evolution and can cause genetic diseases and cancer. Although transposons were first discovered in plants and much of our knowledge about them stems from plants, the most abundant human transposon, L1, has barely been investigated in plants. In this study, we identify plant L1 retrotransposons from a variety of plant genomes and show that, similar to viruses, they evolved in a modular fashion by gaining and losing various protein-coding domains. Moreover, we find that plant L1s carry an active Archaea-like ribonuclease H (RNH) domain, suggesting that they shuttle RNH between plants, bacteria, and Archaea. Although a variety of non-LTR retrotransposons of the L1 superfamily have been found in plant genomes over recent decades, their diversity, distribution, and evolution have yet to be analyzed in depth. Here, we perform comprehensive comparative and evolutionary analyses of L1 retrotransposons from 29 genomes of land plants covering a wide range of taxa. We identify numerous L1 elements in these genomes and detect a striking diversity of their domain composition. We show that all known land plant L1 retrotransposons can be grouped into five major families based on their phylogenetic relationships and domain composition. Moreover, we trace the putative evolution timeline that created the current variants and reveal that evolutionary events included losses and acquisitions of diverse putative RNA-binding domains and the acquisition of an Archaea-like ribonuclease H (RNH) domain. We also show that the latter RNH domain is autonomously active in vitro and speculate that retrotransposons may play a role in the horizontal transfer of RNH between plants, Archaea, and bacteria. The acquisition of an Archaea-like RNH domain by plant L1 retrotransposons negates the hypothesis that RNH domains in non-LTR retrotransposons have a single origin and provides evidence that acquisition happened at least twice. Together, our data indicate that the evolution of the investigated retrotransposons can be mainly characterized by repeated events of domain rearrangements and identify modular evolution as a major trend in the evolution of plant L1 retrotransposons.
Higher order ocular aberrations and their relation to refractive error and ocular biometry in children.

PURPOSE The interaction between higher order ocular aberrations (HOA) and refractive error is not yet fully understood. This study investigated HOA in relation to refractive error and ocular biometric parameters in a population with a high prevalence of ametropia. METHODS The HOA were investigated in two cohorts of Caucasian children aged 9 to 10 and 15 to 16 years (n = 313). These aberrations were measured for a 5-mm pupil with the IRX3 aberrometer. Cycloplegic refractive error and ocular biometry measures, including axial length and corneal curvature, also were assessed with the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 auto-refractor and Zeiss IOLMaster, respectively. Participants were divided into refractive groups for analysis of HOA. RESULTS The magnitude of total HOA was higher in this population at 0.27 μm (interquartile range [IQR], 0.22-0.32 μm) than other HOA reported in the literature. The profile of HOA was not significantly different across the two age cohorts or across refractive groups, nor did spherical aberration differ significantly with age (Z₄⁰ = 0.07 μm for both cohorts). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated spherical aberration was significantly related to axial length (but not refractive grouping), with longer eyes having less positive values of fourth order and root mean square (RMS) spherical aberration. CONCLUSIONS This study found no significant difference in HOA across refractive groups. The current study also highlights the importance of knowledge of axial length when analyzing HOA.
Impact des rejets d’assainissement permanents ou transitoires sur la qualité des eaux de baignade

La vulnerabilite des eaux de baignade aux rejets d’assainissement constitue a ce jour une sorte de « fait acquis ». Grâce aux progres accomplis durant les quinze dernieres annees, les rejets de temps sec presentent aujourd’hui un caractere accidentel. La vulnerabilite aux rejets par temps de pluie, souvent massifs du fait du nombre de points de deversement et de leur extension geographique, est certes connue des « specialistes » mais en general encore mal apprehendee. La nouvelle directive europeenne sur les eaux de baignade introduit tout un ensemble de dispositions qui visent une meilleure maitrise des sources de pollution : sur le long terme, plan d’eradication ou de diminution en cas d’insuffisance et sur le court terme, plan de gestion supposant un niveau de surveillance adequat de ces rejets. Ces dispositions, coherentes avec celles de la directive cadre sur l’eau (DCE), auront des repercussions techniques importantes que cette communication se propose de decrire, comme notamment, l’influence de la courantologie cotiere, la pollution bacteriologique des eaux pluviales (meme en zone separative) et les solutions d’amelioration envisagees pour limiter l’importance des impacts des rejets d’assainissement.
Intravascular Stenting (IVaS) for Safe and Precise Supermicrosurgery

The diameter of very small vessels (about 0.5 mm or less) causes difficulties in placing forceps into the lumen and in completing anastomosis without inadvertently catching the back wall during supermicrosurgery. The insertion of nylon monofilaments into small vessels has overcome this problem. We implanted superficial inferior epigastric arterial (SIEA) flaps in 10 rats and also performed supermicroanastomosis (diameter, 0.15 mm) using SIEA flaps in mice. The back wall was never inadvertently caught using the intravascular stenting (IVaS) method, and the immediate patency rate was 100%. An advantage of using nylon for IVaS is that various sizes can be selected. We successfully anastomosed vessels with a minimum diameter of 0.15 mm. Even smaller vessels can be precisely and safely anastomosed using the IVaS method.
Equilateral Triangles: A Challenge for Connectionist Vision

In this paper we explore the problem of dynamically computing visual relations in a connectionist system. The task. of detecting equilateral triangles from clusters of points is used to test our architecture. We argue that this is a difficult task for traditional feed-forward architectures although it is a simple task for people. Our solution implements a biologically inspired networlc which uses an efficient focus of attention mecha­ nism and cluster detectors to sequentially extract the locations of the vertices.
A second-order PSV-S and its performance model

This paper describes virtual prototyping of a new second-order product-service-value systems (PSV-S), especially its performance model. We have developed PSV-S concepts as an abstraction of engineering solutions and processes. In this paper, we increase the abstraction of the concepts for a new class of PSV-S called contracts. Together with solution PSV-S, these contractual PSV-Ss construct a more realistic external PSV-S called second-order or contextual PSV-S. Within this constructed PSV-S, various new solution PSV-Ss can be sustained. This paper creates a performance model for virtual prototyping of PSV-Ss.
How to improve the customer loyalty in the cosmetics industry

In recent years, the market of the cosmetics industry is growing in the world. The cosmetics companies are constantly develop and marketing many cosmetics products for the consumers' demand. The competition in the cosmetics industry is increasing. However, the products knowledge of many cosmetics consumers was limited. How to obtain and maintain customer loyalty becomes an important challenge to the cosmetics industry. To understand the decision-making process of consumers will help the cosmetics companies to improve the customer relationships successfully and maintain their competitive advantage. Therefore, the study is to investigate the consumers' decision-making process from the important factor of brand, product, services and customer relationship management. The researchers establish a framework to study the relationship among brand image, product quality, service quality, relationship quality, and customer loyalty in cosmetics industry. The researchers use questionnaires method and use SPSS and AMOS statistical software to analysis the samples of the cosmetics consumers. The empirical results show that: first, brand image of the cosmetics positively impacts on both customer perceived product quality and service quality. Second, customer perceived product quality and service quality both positively impact on customers' relationship quality. Third, the customers' relationship quality has a positive effect on customer loyalty. The results show that the brand image of cosmetics helps to improve the customer perceived product quality, service quality and relationship quality, and then impact on customer loyalty. Therefore, improving brand image, product quality, service quality and relationship quality would improve customer loyalty in the cosmetics industry. The effects of antecedent variables on customer loyalty are different; therefore, understanding the decision-making process of customers' will help the cosmetics companies to manage customer relationship efficiently.
Twitter Sentiment Analysis

This project addresses the problem of sentiment analysis in twitter; that is classifying tweets according to the sentiment expressed in them: positive, negative or neutral. Twitter is an online micro-blogging and social-networking platform which allows users to write short status updates of maximum length 140 characters. It is a rapidly expanding service with over 200 million registered users - out of which 100 million are active users and half of them log on twitter on a daily basis - generating nearly 250 million tweets per day. Due to this large amount of usage we hope to achieve a reflection of public sentiment by analysing the sentiments expressed in the tweets. Analysing the public sentiment is important for many applications such as firms trying to find out the response of their products in the market, predicting political elections and predicting socioeconomic phenomena like stock exchange. The aim of this project is to develop a functional classifier for accurate and automatic sentiment classification of an unknown tweet stream.
Cellular expression and siRNA-mediated interference of rhodopsin cis-acting splicing mutants associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.

PURPOSE To investigate the cellular expression of cis-acting splicing mutations in the rhodopsin gene (RHO) that lead to autosomal dominant or recessive retinitis pigmentosa (adRP/arRP) and the role of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) in its pathogenic mechanism. To design a potential therapeutic RNAi-based suppression strategy for cis-acting adRP splicing mutants. METHODS Cells were transfected with genomic constructs encoding the human wild-type (WT) and c.531-2A>G, c.936+1G>T, c.937-1G>T and c.745G>T RHO mutants. Total RNA was quantified by RT-PCR and protein was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. Three small interfering (si)RNAs directed against adRP mutant transcripts were designed and assayed in COS7 cells. RESULTS The RHO cis-acting splicing mutations causing adRP, c.531-2A>G and c.937-1G>T, induce cryptic splicing. In contrast, the c.936+1G>T mutation, which causes arRP, results in exon skipping. Although the c.531-2A>G and c.745G>T RHO sequence predicted a premature termination codon (PTC) that should be a target for NMD, these mutant proteins were detected in transfected cells. The siRNAs designed to interfere with adRP mutants silenced the corresponding mRNA with varying efficiency. CONCLUSIONS Although two RHO mutations that cause different RP phenotypes were the target for the NMD mechanism, a fraction of mutant RNA transcript may circumvent the NMD mechanism and be translated into protein. Thus, different levels of mutant protein may be necessary to trigger the RP phenotype. The findings demonstrate the potential use of siRNA to interfere with cis-acting splicing RHO transcripts. However, limitations in the mutation sequence and incomplete mutant transcript elimination should be considered in a therapeutic approach for adRP.
À qui profite le crime ? Les facteurs individuels de la réussite criminelle

Dans cet article, nous analysons a nouveau les donnees du deuxieme sondage de la Rand Corporation mene en 1978 aupres de detenus incarceres dans des prisons et penitenciers americains. L’objectif est d’identifier certains facteurs individuels qui influencent a la hausse ou a la baisse les gains criminels parmi un echantillon de detenus (n = 1 260) qui s’adonnent a la criminalite lucrative. Il sera notamment demontre que les detenus qui ont declare des gains criminels plus eleves au cours d’une periode de reference precedant l’incarceration sont plus enclins a recidiver (d’apres les resultats de l’etude de suivi de la Rand six ans plus tard). Par ailleurs, la criminalite strategique (plutot que le type de crime), la specialisation, l’estime de soi et le fait de ne pas rapporter une consommation abusive d’alcool sont autant de facteurs qui favorisent la reussite de la carriere criminelle. Enfin, les contrevenants qui ont fait usage de violence au moins une fois au cours de la periode de reference rapportent des gains criminels generalement plus eleves que les autres. Les revenus ont donc tendance a croitre en fonction de la frequence des agressions.
Deciphering the genomic architecture of the stickleback brain with a novel multilocus gene‐mapping approach

Quantitative traits important to organismal function and fitness, such as brain size, are presumably controlled by many small‐effect loci. Deciphering the genetic architecture of such traits with traditional quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping methods is challenging. Here, we investigated the genetic architecture of brain size (and the size of five different brain parts) in nine‐spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) with the aid of novel multilocus QTL‐mapping approaches based on a de‐biased LASSO method. Apart from having more statistical power to detect QTL and reduced rate of false positives than conventional QTL‐mapping approaches, the developed methods can handle large marker panels and provide estimates of genomic heritability. Single‐locus analyses of an F2 interpopulation cross with 239 individuals and 15 198, fully informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) uncovered 79 QTL associated with variation in stickleback brain size traits. Many of these loci were in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other, and consequently, a multilocus mapping of individual SNPs, accounting for LD structure in the data, recovered only four significant QTL. However, a multilocus mapping of SNPs grouped by linkage group (LG) identified 14 LGs (1–6 depending on the trait) that influence variation in brain traits. For instance, 17.6% of the variation in relative brain size was explainable by cumulative effects of SNPs distributed over six LGs, whereas 42% of the variation was accounted for by all 21 LGs. Hence, the results suggest that variation in stickleback brain traits is influenced by many small‐effect loci. Apart from suggesting moderately heritable (h2 ≈ 0.15–0.42) multifactorial genetic architecture of brain traits, the results highlight the challenges in identifying the loci contributing to variation in quantitative traits. Nevertheless, the results demonstrate that the novel QTL‐mapping approach developed here has distinctive advantages over the traditional QTL‐mapping methods in analyses of dense marker panels.
Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin is regulated by a histidine kinase/response regulator system

Subtilin is a lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic) which is produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Upstream from the structural gene of subtilin, spaS, three genes (spaB, spaT, and spaC) which are involved in the biosynthesis of subtilin have been identified (C. Klein, C. Kaletta, N. Schnell, and K.-D. Entian, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:132-142, 1992). By using a hybridization probe specific for these genes, the DNA region downstream from spaS was isolated. Further subcloning revealed a 5.2-kb KpnI-HindIII fragment on which two open reading frames, spaR and spaK, were identified approximately 3 kb downstream from spaS. The spaR gene encodes an open reading frame of 220 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 25.6 kDa. SpaR shows 35% similarity to positive regulatory factors OmpR and PhoB. The spaK gene encodes an open reading frame of 387 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 44.6 kDa and was highly similar to histidine kinases previously described (PhoM, PhoR, and NtrB). Hydrophobicity blots suggested two membrane-spanning regions. Thus, spaR and spaK belong to a recently identified family of environmentally responsive regulators. These results indicated a regulatory function of spaR and spaK in subtilin biosynthesis. Indeed, batch culture experiments confirmed the regulation of subtilin biosynthesis starting in the mid-logarithmic growth phase and reaching its maximum in the early stationary growth phase. Gene deletions within spaR and spaK yielded subtilin-negative mutants, which confirms that subtilin biosynthesis is under the control of a two-component regulatory system. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evaluation of differential evolution with interaction network on a real-parameter optimization benchmark

Differential evolution (DE) is a popular member of the wide family of population-based evolutionary optimization methods. These general purpose methods solve arbitrary problems by iteratively evolving a pool (population) of candidate solutions. Candidate solutions are during the artificial evolution updated and modified so that they efficiently explore solution space of the solved problem. Population-based metaheuristics focus on finding local or global optima with respect to selected optimization criteria (objective function). The iterative updates of candidate solutions usually involve some sort of interaction and information exchange. This behaviour has been recently cast as a temporal interaction network to allow a network-centric representation and research of artificial evolution. In this paper, we use a network-based model of the interactions in DE to improve the underlying algorithm. A simple extension of a traditional DE utilizing the properties of its interaction network is proposed in order to study the usefulness of this concept. The extended algorithm is evaluated on the CEC 2016 real-parameter optimization benchmark.
Population and parity levels of Aedes aegypti collected in Tucson.

Oviposition traps were used to follow changes in the population of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera:Culicidae) in a seven-block area in midtown region of Tucson, Arizona. About 20,000 eggs were collected over a period from 1 June to 14 October 2000. Peak mosquito populations were correlated with the late summer rains. Mosquitoes seeking a blood meal were collected and dissected to determine if they had previously fed, i.e. if they were parous. Of the 241 females examined, 44% were parous, with a range from 0% to 80%. Females that had blood in their guts were collected and the source of blood was identified using an ELISA. Preliminary results suggest that 80% of them had fed on humans. These data suggest that the reproductive history of Tucson populations of Ae. aegypti could be conducive for transmission of dengue viruses.
Development of mouse embryos with abnormalities induced by parental heat stress.

Albino ICR mice were used in a factorial experiment to study abnormal embryonic development that was induced by a 24-hr exposure of parent mice to an ambient temperature of 34-5° C and 65% relative humidity. Two-cell embryos recovered from eighty females killed at 48 hr were cultured in vitro to the stage reached 120 hr after HCG. The pattern of embryonic development in vivo was determined by observing embryos recovered from 240 females killed at 64, 72, 88 or 96 hr after HCG. Exposure of females caused an accumulation of two-, threeand fourcell embryos ( <0·01) following development in vivo or in vitro. Com¬ plete developmental arrest at the two-cell stage accounted for the major portion of embryonic mortality. In some partially affected two-cell embryos, one blastomere was able to undergo a limited number of divi¬ sions, asynchronous cleavage, to form threeor five-cell trophoblastic vesicles, or false blastocysts. Following exposure of males, developmental retardation and/or arrest at the morula stage accounted for a major portion of the embryonic death that had occurred by Day 10 of gesta¬ tion. Significant male female treatment interactions in the data on number of morulae, blastocysts and viable fetuses indicated that embryonic mortality due to male and female stress may be operating through similar mechanisms.
Cerebral white matter lesions in patients with cirrhosis – causative for hepatic encephalopathy or bystanders?

Focal white matter lesions mimicking microvascular lesions were connected to the development of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis. This study aims to assess the relationship between cerebrovascular risk factors and the prevalence and extent of these lesions in patients with cirrhosis, as well as their impact upon cognitive function.
An Improved Object Removal Inpainting Method

Image inpainting technique has been widely used for reconstructing damaged old photographs and removing unwanted objects from images. In this paper, we introduce an energy function based on object removal inpainting technology. In our system, we use the energy function to measure the quality of the reconstructed region, so a better image completion result is obtained. Several examples and comparisons are given to demonstrate the performing of gradient-based image completion approach.
There are two major types of skeletal keratan sulphates.

High-field 1H-n.m. r. -spectroscopic studies supported by chemical carbohydrate analyses show that skeletal keratan sulphates (KS-II) of bovine origin may be sub-classified into two groups. Keratan sulphate chains from articular and intervertebral-disc cartilage (KS-II-A) contain two structural features, namely alpha(1----3)-fucose and alpha(2----6)-linked N-acetyl-neuraminic acid residues, that are absent from keratan sulphates from tracheal or nasal-septum cartilage (KS-II-B).