Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security risk analysis of software architecture based on AHP

Many organizations and companies around the world are currently facing major security risks that threaten assets and valuable information system resources. Numerous security concerns are caused by the lack of sufficient and effective software security risk evaluation processes. Regardless of the technique used in security attacks, which change rapidly, many of these threats can be avoided. This paper presents an effective model for discovering software security risks at an early stage of the software development cycle and reports on the ongoing development of a security trust metrics of software architecture.
Block-constraint line scanning method for lane detection

Considering the plentiful road markings in China, we present a Block-Constraint Line scanning (BCLS) method for lane detection in this paper. In this method, images are firstly pre-processed by a morphological top-hat transform, and then an imaging model is created for building relationship between lane parameters of the image coordinate and the WGS coordinate, from which target points on lane lines could be retained by a block-constraint line scanning algorithm. Finally, lanes could be extracted by a Progressive Probabilistic Hough Transform (PPHT) and the number of lanes is figured out through clustering. Our method is fast enough to meet real-time requirement. Experiments were carried out on the intelligent vehicle SmartV (Fig.1) on the Wuhan urban roads in China and the results show that this method can efficiently and accurately extract lanes in complex environments, even with the presence of non-lane road markings.
DEAPFI: A distributed extensible architecture for P2P flows identification

Identification of various P2P flows accurately is fundamental for network management. To obtain P2P flow information in real-time and low price, a distributed extensible architecture for P2P flows identification called DEAPFI is proposed. DEAPFI decentralizes functions of flow identification and statistic on different PC, which is composed of Identification System (IS) and Statistic System (SS) respectively. IS integrates many independent P2P flow identification techniques and arranges their running order following optimizing sequence. By utilizing the identification results of IS, SS can extract P2P flow information from NetFlow records generated by NetFlow enabled equipment, which effectively reduces the requirement of PC's operation ability. The experiment results of the prototype system verified DEAPFI can reduce the disposal burden of IS and SS, and provide a feasible scheme for online identifying P2P flow information in high speed network.
Credit Risk Analysis Using Sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorizations

Credit risk analysis is to determine if a customer is likely to default on the financial obligation. In this paper, we will introduce sparse non-negative matrix factorization method to discovery the lower dimensional space for reducing the data dimensionality, which will contribute to good performance and fast computation in the credit risk classification performed by support vector machine. We test the sparse NMF in a real-world credit risk prediction task, and the empirical results demonstrate the advantage of sparse NMF by comparing with other state of art methods.
Wave steganography

Steganography is the art of hiding message in order to have a secure data communication. This paper addresses a technique for wave steganography. In this paper we proposed the idea to replace bits according to the distortion afforded with lossy or lossless and recovery methods. Carrier file bits are replaced by message file. Message embeded in this method is in form of wave. Hidden message can be recovered by applying reverse algorithm. Message file is hidden into the carrier file by using LSB technique, as modifications will usually not create audible changes to the sounds. Results show that the proposed methods are novel for wave steganography for 16 bit stereo wave files.
A semi-custom design of branch address calculator in the IBM power4 microprocessor

In this paper we present the design and implementation of the branch address calculator in the instruction fetch unit (IFU) of the IBM power4 microprocessor which operates at 1.7 GHz in a 0.18 /spl mu/m SOI technology. A semi-custom methodology combining flexible custom circuit design with automated tuning and physical design tools is shown to provide new opportunities for optimization of designs throughout the development cycle. The resulting branch calculator design supports a 3-cycle taken-branch redirect, which is key to the IFU performance in power4 microprocessor. It is shown that with careful circuit optimization, high performance can be achieved with a robust, tuned static design, thereby maintaining a power efficient design point.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Resulting from Torture and Other Traumatic Events among Syrian Kurdish Refugees in Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Political violence is known to cause psychological distress. There is a large body of empirical studies drawing correlations between war trauma, torture, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there are few studies on the effects of war-related trauma among Syrian refugees after events following the ‘Arab Spring’ uprisings between 2010 and 2012. This study examines the association of PTSD symptoms with torture and other traumatic events among Syrian Kurdish refugees living in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The experiences and PTSD symptoms among 91 Syrian Kurdish refugees in the Arbat camp in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq were assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, sections I, IV, and V. Results showed that the estimated levels of PTSD symptoms were high: between 35 and 38%. There were no significant gender differences in the occurrence of PTSD symptoms. However, men reported more general traumatic experiences than women. There were significant positive correlations between PTSD symptoms with traumatic events and torture (r = 0.500, r = 0.366, respectively). Examining the mental health impact of torture and other traumatic events among refugees has possible implications for organizations managing rehabilitation programs for individuals who have been exposed to traumatic events.
Differential brain glucose metabolic patterns in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia with and without auditory verbal hallucinations.

BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are a core symptom of schizophrenia. Previous reports on neural activity patterns associated with AVHs are inconsistent, arguably owing to the lack of an adequate control group (i.e., patients with similar characteristics but without AVHs) and neglect of the potential confounding effects of medication. METHODS The current study was conducted in a homogeneous group of patients with schizophrenia to assess whether the presence or absence of AVHs was associated with differential regional cerebral glucose metabolic patterns. We investigated differences between patients with commenting AVHs and patients without AVHs among a group of dextral antipsychotic-naive inpatients with acute first-episode schizophrenia examined with [(18)F]fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) at rest. Univariate and multivariate approaches were used to establish between-group differences. RESULTS We included 9 patients with AVHs and 7 patients without AVHs in this study. Patients experiencing AVHs during FDG uptake had significantly higher metabolic rates in the left superior and middle temporal cortices, bilateral superior medial frontal cortex and left caudate nucleus (cluster level p < 0.005, family wise error-corrected, and bootstrap ratio > 3.3, respectively). Additionally, the multivariate method identified hippocampal-parahippocampal, cerebellar and parietal relative hypoactivity during AVHs in both hemispheres (bootstrap ratio < -3.3). LIMITATIONS The FDG-PET imaging technique does not provide information regarding the temporal course of neural activity. The limited sample size may have increased the risk of false-negative findings. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that AVHs in patients with schizophrenia may be mediated by an alteration of neural pathways responsible for normal language function. Our findings also point to the potential role of the dominant caudate nucleus and the parahippocampal gyri in the pathophysiology of AVHs. We discuss the relevance of phenomenology-based grouping in the study of AVHs.
Planar surface area calculation using camera and orientation sensor

This research proposes a scheme of area calculation system, focusing on image warping to top view. The sensor attached to camera is used to compensate the camera's orientation in real time. One constraint is that the calculated area is planar surface. In practice, the alignment of sensor and camera is imperfect. This error makes the calculated area size inaccurate. Therefore, calibration between camera and sensor is required by using Iterative Least Square method. Then, the extrinsic parameters derived from calibrated sensor and pre-computed intrinsic parameter will be used to generate a homography matrix. In top view image, we can directly count the number of target pixel. Finally, we will also find the relationship between rotation angle and size of each pixel in real-world unit with calculating percentage accuracy of this method. The experimental results show top view target area size generated from the tilted camera using information from the orientation sensor in real time.
SSD Technology Enables Dynamic Maintenance of Persistent High-Dimensional Indexes

In today's world of ever-increasing multimedia collections, dynamically and persistently maintaining high-dimensional indexes is imperative for industrial applications. Since HDD performance is the main bottleneck in index maintenance, we investigate the impact of SSD technology. We use the NV-tree to drive our analysis, as the only high-dimensional index in the literature which has seriously addressed updates. Our simulation model indicates that an index of 1.5 billion descriptors can be built dynamically on a high-end SSD in just over four hours of disk time, which is more than 500x faster than using a high-end HDD. Relatively small investment in the new SSD technology can thus make dynamic and persistent high-dimensional indexes very feasible.
Application layer error correction coding for rate-distortion optimized streaming to wireless clients

This paper addresses the problem of streaming packetized media over a lossy packet network to a wireless client, in a rate-distortion optimized way. We introduce an incremental redundancy scheme that combats the effects of both packet loss and bit errors in an end-to-end fashion, without support from the underlying network or from an intermediate base station. The scheme is combined with an optimization framework that enables the sender to compute which packets it should send, out of all the packets it could send at a given transmission opportunity, in order to meet an average rate constraint while minimizing the average end-to-end distortion. Experimental results show that our system is robust and maintains a quality of service over a wide range of channel conditions. Up to 8 dB performance gains are registered over systems that are not rate-distortion optimized, at bit error rates as large as 10−2.
Seeing through bag-of-visual-word glasses: towards understanding quantization effects in feature extraction methods

Vector-quantized local features frequently used in bag-of-visual-words approaches are the backbone of popular visual recognition systems due to both their simplicity and their performance. Despite their success, bag-of-words-histograms basically contain low-level image statistics (e.g., number of edges of different orientations). The question remains how much visual information is "lost in quantization" when mapping visual features to code words? To answer this question, we present an in-depth analysis of the effect of local feature quantization on human recognition performance. Our analysis is based on recovering the visual information by inverting quantized local features and presenting these visualizations with different codebook sizes to human observers. Although feature inversion techniques are around for quite a while, to the best of our knowledge, our technique is the first visualizing especially the effect of feature quantization. Thereby, we are now able to compare single steps in common image classification pipelines to human counterparts.
nsSNPAnalyzer: identifying disease-associated nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms

Nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) are prevalent in genomes and are closely associated with inherited diseases. To facilitate identifying disease-associated nsSNPs from a large number of neutral nsSNPs, it is important to develop computational tools to predict the nsSNP's phenotypic effect (disease-associated versus neutral). nsSNPAnalyzer, a web-based software developed for this purpose, extracts structural and evolutionary information from a query nsSNP and uses a machine learning method called Random Forest to predict the nsSNP's phenotypic effect. nsSNPAnalyzer server is available at .
A Simple and Direct Dead-Time Effect Compensation Scheme in PWM-VSI

This paper presents the direct compensation of the switching interval error of the effective voltage vectors by the dead time of a pulsewidth modulation voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI). The output voltages of a three-phase PWM-VSI are distorted and have voltage errors from the dead time to avoid the shoot-through of inverter arms and the time delay of the gate drive. Voltage distortion increases the harmonics of the output voltages and decreases control performance. This paper presents a simple and direct compensation technique to solve this problem in a three-phase VSI. The practical switching output voltages are determined by the dc-link voltage, the switching signals of each phase, the dead time, the time delay, and the current polarities of each phase. For these reasons, output voltage errors are not constant. In order to analyze the dead-time effect in the actual switching voltages of each phase, the practical switching voltages in a sampling period of a space vector PWM (SVPWM) method are calculated according to the current polarity. In the calculation, the dead time, the time delay of devices, and the voltage drops on power devices are included to consider nonlinear voltage distortion. From these practical switching voltages during the switching intervals in a sampling period, the average output voltages of each phase can be derived, and the output voltage errors between the voltage commands and the average output voltages of each phase are obtained. The SVPWM switching intervals of each phase can be derived by the average output voltages that are calculated according to the current polarity and nonlinear voltage distortion to compensate for the output voltage errors. With the simple detection of the current polarity, the practical errors of the switching intervals of each phase can be compensated by the addition of the compensated switching time. Simulation and experimental results validating the proposed compensation method are presented in this paper.
Gide: Graphical Image Deblurring Exploration

A Matlab tool called GIDE allows user-aided deblurring of images. GIDE helps practitioners restore a blurred grayscale image using their knowledge or intuition about the true image. At the same time, it safeguards from possible bias by validating the choice using statistical diagnostics, based on an assumption of Gaussian added noise. GIDE also allows practitioners (or students) to visually explore the range of statistically likely solutions resulting from any of three regularization methods: Tikhonov, truncated SVD, and total variation.
Regulation of c-Fos Gene Expression by NF-κB: A p65 Homodimer Binding Site in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts but Not Human HEK293 Cells

The immediate early gene c-Fos is reported to be regulated by Elk-1 and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), but whether nuclear factor (NF)-κB is also required for controlling c-Fos expression is unclear. In this study, we determined how NF-κB’s coordination with Elk/serum response factor (SRF) regulates c-fos transcription. We report that PMA strongly induced c-Fos expression, but tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α did not. In mouse embryonic fibroblasts, the PMA induction of c-Fos was suppressed by a deficiency in IKKα, IKKβ, IKKγ, or p65. By contrast, in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, PMA induced c-Fos independently of p65. In accordance with these results, we identified an NF-κB binding site in the mouse but not human c-fos promoter. Under PMA stimulation, IKKα/β mediated p65 phosphorylation and the binding of the p65 homodimer to the NF-κB site in the mouse c-fos promoter. Furthermore, our studies demonstrated independent but coordinated functions of the IKKα/β-p65 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-Elk-1 pathways in the PMA induction of c-Fos. Collectively, these results reveal the distinct requirement of NF-κB for mouse and human c-fos regulation. Binding of the p65 homodimer to the κB site was indispensable for mouse c-fos expression, whereas the κB binding site was not present in the human c-fos promoter. Because of an inability to evoke sufficient ERK activation and Elk-1 phosphorylation, TNF-α induces c-Fos more weakly than PMA does in both mouse and human cells.
Face Detection in Skin-toned Images Using Edge Detection and Feature Extraction Using R and G Channelsthrough Wavelet Approximation

Face detection and localization in complex skin toned background is a highly challenging problem. In this paper, use of combination of color spaces and edge detection in red and green channels is proposed for segmenting out the skin-tone regions. Wavelet approximations are used for the extraction of prominent features of face. Experimental results are shown to yield the improved false acceptance rates (FAR) over the algorithms that either use grey scale image for segmentation and the algorithms that do not use any edge detection.
Analysis on Cache-Enabled Wireless Heterogeneous Networks

Caching popular multimedia content is a promising way to unleash the ultimate potential of wireless networks. In this paper, we propose and analyze cache-based content delivery in a three-tier heterogeneous network (HetNet), where base stations (BSs), relays, and device-to-device (D2D) pairs are included. We advocate proactively caching popular content in the relays and parts of the users with caching ability when the network is off-peak. The cached content can be reused for frequent access to offload the cellular network traffic. The node locations are first modeled as mutually independent Poisson point processes (PPPs) and the corresponding content access protocol is developed. The average ergodic rate and outage probability in the downlink are then analyzed theoretically. We further derive the throughput and the delay based on the multiclass processor-sharing queue model and the continuous-time Markov process. According to the critical condition of the steady state in the HetNet, the maximum traffic load and the global throughput gain are investigated. Moreover, impacts of some key network characteristics, e.g., the heterogeneity of multimedia contents, node densities, and the limited caching capacities, on the system performance are elaborated on to provide valuable insight.
Application of Single-crystalline PMN-PT and PIN-PMN-PT in High-Performance Pyroelectric Detectors

The suitability for use in pyroelectric detectors of single-crystalline doped and undoped lead indium niobate- lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate was tested and compared with high-quality Mn-doped lead magnesium niobate- lead titanate and standard lithium tantalate. Pyroelectric and dielectric measurements confirmed an increased processing and operating temperature range because of the higher phase transitions of lead indium niobate-lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate. Pyroelectric coefficients of 705 to 770 μC/m2·K were obtained with doped and undoped lead indium niobate-lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate, which are about 70% to 80% of the pyroelectric coefficient of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate but 4 times higher than standard lithium tantalate. Manganese doping has been proved as a solution to decrease the dielectric loss of lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate and it also works well for lead indium niobate-lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate. An outstanding specific detectivity D* of about 1.1·109 cm·Hz1/2/W was achieved at a frequency of 2 Hz for Mn-doped lead magnesium niobate-based detectors.
A Major Facilitator Superfamily Transporter-Mediated Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Fungicides Requires Yap1, Skn7, and MAP Kinases in the Citrus Fungal Pathogen Alternaria alternata

Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) transporters play an important role in multidrug resistance in fungi. We report an AaMFS19 gene encoding a MFS transporter required for cellular resistance to oxidative stress and fungicides in the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata. AaMFS19, containing 12 transmembrane domains, displays activity toward a broad range of substrates. Fungal mutants lacking AaMFS19 display profound hypersensitivities to cumyl hydroperoxide, potassium superoxide, many singlet oxygen-generating compounds (eosin Y, rose Bengal, hematoporphyrin, methylene blue, and cercosporin), and the cell wall biosynthesis inhibitor, Congo red. AaMFS19 mutants also increase sensitivity to copper ions, clotrimazole, fludioxonil, and kocide fungicides, 2-chloro-5-hydroxypyridine (CHP), and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA). AaMFS19 mutants induce smaller necrotic lesions on leaves of a susceptible citrus cultivar. All observed phenotypes in the mutant are restored by introducing and expressing a wild-type copy of AaMFS19. The wild-type strain of A. alternata treated with either CHP or TIBA reduces radial growth and formation and germination of conidia, increases hyphal branching, and results in decreased expression of the AaMFS19 gene. The expression of AaMFS19 is regulated by the Yap1 transcription activator, the Hog1 and Fus3 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, the ‘two component’ histidine kinase, and the Skn7 response regulator. Our results demonstrate that A. alternata confers resistance to different chemicals via a membrane-bound MFS transporter.