Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Division for Multiuser MISO Broadcast Channels

This paper considers a discrete-time multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) Gaussian broadcast channel (BC), in which channel state information is available at both the transmitter and the receivers. The flexible and explicit design of a uniquely decomposable constellation group is provided based on pulse amplitude modulation and rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation constellations. With this, a modulation division (MD) transmission scheme is developed for the MISO BC. The proposed MD scheme enables each receiver to uniquely and efficiently detect their desired signals from the superposition of mutually interfering cochannel signals in the absence of noise. In our design, the optimal transmitter beamforming problem is solved in a closed-form for two-user MISO BC using max-min fairness as a design criterion. Then, for a general case with more than two receivers, we develop a user-grouping-based beamforming scheme, where the grouping method, beamforming vector design and power allocation problems are addressed by using weighted max-min fairness. It is shown that our proposed approach has a lower probability of error compared with the zero-forcing (ZF) method when the Hermitian angle between the two channel vectors is small in a two-user case. In addition, simulation results also reveal that for the general channel model with more than two users, our user-grouping-based scheme significantly outperforms the ZF, time division, minimum mean-square error, and signal-to-leakage-and-noise ratio-based techniques in moderate and high SNR regimes when the number of users approaches to the number of base station (BS) antennas and it degrades into the ZF scheme when the number of users is far less than the number of BS antennas in Rayleigh fading channels.
Continuous Analytics: Rethinking Query Processing in a Network-Effect World

Modern data analysis applications driven by the Network Effect are pushing traditional database and data warehousing technologies beyond their limits due to their massively increasing data volumes and demands for low latency. To address this problem, we advocate an integrated query processing approach that runs SQL continuously and incrementally over data before that data is stored in the database. Continuous Analytics technology is seamlessly integrated into a full-function database system, creating a powerful and flexible system that can run SQL over tables, streams, and combinations of the two. A continuous analytics system can run many orders of magnitude more efficiently than traditional store-first-query-later technologies. In this paper, we describe the Continuous Analytics approach and outline some of the key technical arguments behind it.
The unstable region of Streptomyces ambofaciens includes 210 kb terminal inverted repeats flanking the extremities of the linear chromosomal DNA

Physical maps of the chromosomes of three strains of Streptomyces ambofaciens were constructed by ordering AseI fragments generated from the genomic DNA as a single linear chromosome of about 8 Mb. The physical maps of the three strains were very similar. For strain DSM40697, a DraI map was obtained by positioning the DraI sites relative to the AseI map. Eighteen genetic markers as well as the deletable and amplifiable region were assigned to the AseI and DraI fragments in this strain. The resulting genetic map resembled that of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). The twoterminal AseI fragments exhibited retarded pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis mobility, demonstrating that proteins are covalently bound at this position. A restriction map of this region was made using four additional endonucleases. Repeated sequences present at both ends of the chromosome were mapped as long terminal inverted repeats stretching over 210 kb. This corresponds to the longest terminal inverted repeats so far characterized. The deletable region of S. ambofaciens was localized at the chromosomal extremities.
Significance of microRNA targeted estrogen receptor in male fertility

Objective(s): Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) mediates estrogen action in regulation of different levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis. It has a key role in spermatogenesis. Estrogen receptor alpha knock-out (ER koα) male mice were infertile and severe impairment in spermatogenesis and seminiferous tubules was observed. Recently, it has been reported that microRNA (miRNA) mir-100 and let-7b were predicted to target ERα gene. MiRNA are small, endogenous, single stranded RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and have been implicated in various disease states. It has been proved that some miRNAs expression is tissue- and disease-specific, giving potential for identifying miRNAs as a diagnostic tool. Materials and Methods: In this study, the change in the expression levels of mir-100, let-7b and ERα expression levels were evaluated in oligospermic infertile patients (n=43) compared to control fertile subjects (n=43). After washing and separating sperms, total RNA was isolated and then cDNA was synthesized. The expression levels of mir-100 and let-7b and ERα were evaluated by real time PCR. Results: Mir-100, let-7b levels were significantly higher than those in control group (P=0.008 and P=0.009, respectively). We have found that, ERα level was significantly decreased in comparison with normal group (P< 0.0001). Conclusion: Changes in mir-100, let-7b and ERα expression levels in oligospermic patients may be associated with the susceptibility and progression of infertility. The results of this study indicate that miRNA can have a key role in spermatogenesis and might have a diagnostic and prognostic value in men infertility.
Screening for Trauma-Related Sleep Disturbance in Women Admitted for Specialized Inpatient Treatment

Abstract The authors designed a Sleep Disturbance Screening questionnaire to assist clinicians in disentangling trauma-related factors that contribute to sleep disturbance from other common factors, such as depression. They administered the questionnaire to 129 female psychiatric inpatients, most of whom were treated in a specialty program for trauma-related disorders. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses distinguished four sleep disturbance scales, two pertaining to sleep disturbance generally (Insomnia, Hypersomnia) and two pertaining to sleep-related fear (Intrusive, Phobic). Correlations of the sleep disturbance scales with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 1994), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (Weiss & Marmar, 1997), Dissociative Experiences Scale (Bernstein & Putnam, 1986), Beck Depression Inventory (Beck & Steer, 1993), and selected scales of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III; Millon, 1994) show evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for the Sleep Disturbance Screening. The findings point to the potential diagnostic value of screening for trauma-related sleep disturbance, with the Sleep Disturbance Screening providing a small set of key questions that may be used in psychometric form or incorporated into routine diagnostic clinical interviews.
Evaluation of Feature Extraction and Recognition for Activity Monitoring and Fall Detection Based on Wearable sEMG Sensors

As an essential subfield of context awareness, activity awareness, especially daily activity monitoring and fall detection, plays a significant role for elderly or frail people who need assistance in their daily activities. This study investigates the feature extraction and pattern recognition of surface electromyography (sEMG), with the purpose of determining the best features and classifiers of sEMG for daily living activities monitoring and fall detection. This is done by a serial of experiments. In the experiments, four channels of sEMG signal from wireless, wearable sensors located on lower limbs are recorded from three subjects while they perform seven activities of daily living (ADL). A simulated trip fall scenario is also considered with a custom-made device attached to the ankle. With this experimental setting, 15 feature extraction methods of sEMG, including time, frequency, time/frequency domain and entropy, are analyzed based on class separability and calculation complexity, and five classification methods, each with 15 features, are estimated with respect to the accuracy rate of recognition and calculation complexity for activity monitoring and fall detection. It is shown that a high accuracy rate of recognition and a minimal calculation time for daily activity monitoring and fall detection can be achieved in the current experimental setting. Specifically, the Wilson Amplitude (WAMP) feature performs the best, and the classifier Gaussian Kernel Support Vector Machine (GK-SVM) with Permutation Entropy (PE) or WAMP results in the highest accuracy for activity monitoring with recognition rates of 97.35% and 96.43%. For fall detection, the classifier Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Network (FMMNN) has the best sensitivity and specificity at the cost of the longest calculation time, while the classifier Gaussian Kernel Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (GK-FDA) with the feature WAMP guarantees a high sensitivity (98.70%) and specificity (98.59%) with a short calculation time (65.586 ms), making it a possible choice for pre-impact fall detection. The thorough quantitative comparison of the features and classifiers in this study supports the feasibility of a wireless, wearable sEMG sensor system for automatic activity monitoring and fall detection.
Forty per cent French: intercultural competence and identity in an Australian language classroom

In the development of intercultural language learning, limited research has been conducted on language learners' negotiation of identity and cultural memberships. There is little research in particular on intercultural identity in young (primary school) language learners. With the global growth of languages in the primary school, it is timely to examine the quality of young learners' experiences and their achievement of intercultural goals in more depth. This paper reports findings from a qualitative case study of intercultural competence in a group of Australian upper primary school language learners. The paper demonstrates that the case‐study students are self‐aware of their sense of change and transformation through language learning, and show sophisticated critical negotiation of their simultaneous memberships of different cultural groups. It highlights for teachers the dynamic personal and complex framework constructed by young learners in their interaction with language study.
Performance Evaluation of Mathematical Formula Identification

This paper presents a performance evaluation system for mathematical formula identification. First, a ground-truth dataset is constructed to facilitate the performance comparison of different mathematical formula identification algorithms. Statistics analysis of the dataset shows the diversities of the dataset to reflect the real-world documents. Second, a performance evaluation metric for mathematical formula identification is proposed, including the error type definitions and the scenario-adjustable scoring. The proposed metric enables in-depth analysis of mathematical formula identification systems in different scenarios. Finally, based on the proposed evaluation metric, a tool is developed to automatically evaluate mathematical formula identification results. It is worth noting that the ground-truth dataset and the evaluation tool are freely available for academic purpose.
Dominant-Negative Features of Mutant TP53 in Germline Carriers Have Limited Impact on Cancer Outcomes

Germline TP53 mutations result in cancer proneness syndromes known as Li-Fraumeni, Li-Fraumeni-like, and nonsyndromic predisposition with or without family history. To explore genotype/phenotype associations, we previously adopted a functional classification of all germline TP53 mutant alleles based on transactivation. Severe deficiency (SD) alleles were associated with more severe cancer proneness syndromes, and a larger number of tumors, compared with partial deficiency (PD) alleles. Because mutant p53 can exert dominant-negative (DN) effects, we addressed the relationship between DN and clinical manifestations. We reasoned that DN effects might be stronger in familial cancer cases associated with germline TP53 mutations, where mutant alleles coexist with the wild-type allele since conception. We examined 104 p53 mutant alleles with single amino acid substitutions described in the IARC germline database for (i) transactivation capability and (ii) capacity to reduce the activity of the wild-type allele (i.e., DN effect) using a quantitative yeast-based assay. The functional classifications of p53 alleles were then related to clinical variables. We confirmed that a classification based on transactivation alone can identify familial cancer cases with more severe clinical features. Classification based on DN effects allowed us to highlight similar associations but did not reveal distinct clinical subclasses of SD alleles, except for a correlation with tumor tissue prevalence. We conclude that in carriers of germline TP53 mutations transactivation-based classification of TP53 alleles appears more important for genotype/phenotype correlations than DN effects and that haplo-insufficiency of the TP53 gene is an important factor in cancer proneness in humans. Mol Cancer Res; 9(3); 271–9. ©2011 AACR.
Run sprint interval training improves aerobic performance but not maximal cardiac output.

UNLABELLED Repeated maximal-intensity short-duration exercise (sprint interval training, SIT) can produce muscle adaptations similar to endurance training (ET) despite a much reduced training volume. However, most SIT data use cycling, and little is known about its effects on body composition or maximal cardiac output (Qmax). PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess body composition, 2000-m run time trial, VO(2max), and Q(max) effects of run SIT versus ET. METHODS Men and women (n = 10 per group; mean ± SD: age = 24 ± 3 yr) trained three times per week for 6 wk with SIT, 30-s all-out run sprints (manually driven treadmill), four to six bouts per session, 4-min recovery per bout, versus ET, 65% VO(2max) for 30 to 60 min·d(-1). RESULTS Training improved (P < 0.05) body composition, 2000-m run time trial performance, and VO(2max) in both groups. Fat mass decreased 12.4% with SIT (mean ± SEM; 13.7 ± 1.6 to 12.0 ± 1.6 kg) and 5.8% with ET (13.9 ± 1.7 to 13.1 ± 1.6 kg). Lean mass increased 1% in both groups. Time trial performance improved 4.6% with SIT (-25.6 ± 8.1 s) and 5.9% with ET (-31.9 ± 6.3 s). VO(2max) increased 11.5% with SIT (46.8 ± 1.6 to 52.2 ± 2.0 mL·kg·(-1)·min(-1)) and 12.5% with ET (44.0 ± 2.0 to 49.5 ± 2.6 mL·kg·(-1)·min(-1)). None of these improvements differed between groups. In contrast, Q(max) increased by 9.5% with ET only (22.2 ± 2.0 to 24.3 ± 1.6 L·min(-1)). CONCLUSIONS Despite a fraction of the time commitment, run SIT induces similar body composition, VO(2max), and performance adaptations as ET, but with no effect on Q(max). These data suggest that adaptations with ET are of central origin primarily, whereas those with SIT are more peripheral
Constructing Carbon Fiber Motion-Detection Loops for Simultaneous EEG–fMRI

One of the most significant impediments to high-quality EEG recorded in an MRI scanner is subject motion. Availability of motion artifact sensors can substantially improve the quality of the recorded EEG. In the study of epilepsy, it can also dramatically increase the confidence that one has in discriminating true epileptiform activity from artifact. This is due both to the reduction in artifact and the ability to visually inspect the motion sensor signals when reading the EEG, revealing whether or not head motion is present. We have previously described the use of carbon fiber loops for detecting and correcting artifact in EEG acquired simultaneously with MRI. The loops, attached to the subject’s head, are electrically insulated from the scalp. They provide a simple and direct measure of specific artifact that is contaminating the EEG, including both subject motion and residual artifact arising from magnetic field gradients applied during MRI. Our previous implementation was used together with a custom-built EEG–fMRI system that differs substantially from current commercially available EEG–fMRI systems. The present technical note extends this work, describing in more detail how to construct the carbon fiber motion-detection loops, and how to interface them with a commercially available simultaneous EEG–fMRI system. We hope that the information provided may help those wishing to utilize a motion-detection/correction solution to improve the quality of EEG recorded within an MRI scanner.
Neonatal Hypoxia, Hippocampal Atrophy, and Memory Impairment: Evidence of a Causal Sequence

Neonates treated for acute respiratory failure experience episodes of hypoxia. The hippocampus, a structure essential for memory, is particularly vulnerable to such insults. Hence, some neonates undergoing treatment for acute respiratory failure might sustain bilateral hippocampal pathology early in life and memory problems later in childhood. We investigated this possibility in a cohort of 40 children who had been treated neonatally for acute respiratory failure but were free of overt neurological impairment. The cohort had mean hippocampal volumes (HVs) significantly below normal control values, memory scores significantly below the standard population means, and memory quotients significantly below those predicted by their full scale IQs. Brain white matter volume also fell below the volume of the controls, but brain gray matter volumes and scores on nonmnemonic neuropsychological tests were within the normal range. Stepwise linear regression models revealed that the cohort's HVs were predictive of degree of memory impairment, and gestational age at treatment was predictive of HVs: the younger the age, the greater the atrophy. We conclude that many neonates treated for acute respiratory failure sustain significant hippocampal atrophy as a result of the associated hypoxia and, consequently, show deficient memory later in life.
Ionoregulatory changes during metamorphosis and salinity exposure of juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus L.)

SUMMARY Ammocoetes of the anadromous sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus L. spend many years in freshwater before metamorphosing and migrating to sea. Metamorphosis involves the radical transformation from a substrate-dwelling, filter feeder into a free-swimming, parasitic feeder. In the present work we examined osmoregulatory differences between ammocoetes and transformers (metamorphic juveniles), and the effects of salinity acclimation. We measured the expression of key ion-transporting proteins [Na+/K+-ATPase, vacuolar (V)-type H+-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase (CA)] as well as a number of relevant blood parameters (hematocrit, [Na+] and [Cl–]). In addition, immunofluorescence microscopy was used to identify and characterize the distributions of Na+/K+-ATPase, V-type H+-ATPase and CA immunoreactive cells in the gill. Ammocoetes did not survive in the experiments with salinities greater than 10‰, whereas survival in high salinity (⩾25–35‰) increased with increased degree of metamorphosis in transformers. Plasma [Na+] and [Cl–] of ammocoetes in freshwater was lower than transformers and increased markedly at 10‰. In transformers, plasma ions increased only at high salinity (>25‰). Branchial Na+/K+-ATPase levels were ∼ tenfold higher in transformers compared to ammocoetes and salinity did not affect expression in either group. However, branchial H+-ATPase expression showed a negative correlation with salinity in both groups. Na+/K+-ATPase immunoreactivity was strongest in transformers and associated with clusters of cells in the interlamellar spaces. H+-ATPase (B subunit) immunoreactivity was localized to epithelial cells not expressing high Na+/K+-ATPase immunoreactivity and having a similar tissue distribution as carbonic anhydrase. The results indicate that branchial Na+/K+-ATPase and salinity tolerance increase in metamorphosing lampreys, and that branchial H+-ATPase is downregulated by salinity.
MAGIC observation of the GRB 080430 afterglow

Context. Gamma-ray bursts are cosmological sources emitting radiation from the gamma-rays to the radio band. Substantial observational e orts have been devoted to the study of gamma-ray bursts during the prompt phase, i.e. the initial burst of high-energy radiation, and during the longlasting afterglows. In spite of many successes in interpreting these phenomena, there are still several open key questions about the fundamental emission processes, their energetics and the environment. Aims. Independently of specific gamma-ray burst theoretical recipes, spectra in the GeV/TeV range are predicted to be remarkably simple, being satisfactorily modeled with power-laws, and therefore o er a very valuable tool to probe the extragalactic background light distribution. Furthermore, the simple detection of a component at very-high energies, i.e. at 100 GeV, would solve the ambiguity about the importance of various possible emission processes, which provide barely distinguishable scenarios at lower energies. Methods. We used the results of the MAGIC telescope observation of the moderate resdhift (z 0:76) GRB 080430 at energies above about 80 GeV, to evaluate the perspective for late-afterglow observations with ground based GeV/TeV telescopes. Results. We obtained an upper limit of F95% CL = 5:5 10 11 erg cm 2 s 1 for the very-high energy emission of GRB 080430, which cannot set further constraints on the theoretical scenarios proposed for this object also due to the di culties in modeling the low-energy afterglow. Nonetheless, our observations show that Cherenkov telescopes have already reached the required sensitivity to detect the GeV/TeV emission of GRBs at moderate redshift (z . 0:8), provided the observations are carried out at early times, close to the onset of their afterglow phase.
Doxycycline effects on mechanical and morphometrical properties of early- and late-stage osteoarthritic bone following anterior cruciate ligament injury.

As posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) progresses, the mechanical and morphometrical properties of the subchondral bone change and may be linked to damage of the articular cartilage. Potentially to slow that progression, doxycycline was administered orally twice daily (4 mg.kg(-1). day(-1)) in skeletally mature canines after anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLX). To test if doxycycline significantly altered the structure and function of OA bone, we tested cancellous bone mechanical properties, measured bone mineral content, and analyzed bone structure by microcomputed tomography. Our investigation focused on subchondral trabecular bone changes in the medial femoral condyle at 36 and 72 wk after ACLX. Significant mechanical changes discovered at 36 wk post-ACLX were less obvious at 72 wk in both treated and ACLX groups. Doxycycline treatment conserved bone strain energy density at 72 wk. Doxycycline had little effect on the degradation of superficial osseous tissue at 36 wk post-ACLX; by 72 wk, doxycycline in an ACLX model limited subchondral bone loss within the first 3 mm of periarticular bone with established OA. Significant bone loss occurred in the deeper trabecular bone for all groups. Substantial architectural adaptation within deeper trabecular bone accompanied changes in mechanics in early and established OA.