Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile data services usage-a methodological research approach

This paper classifies the existing research methods that are used to study mobile services and applications wishing to put things into an order. The paper examines these methods and proposes a combined methodological technique. This technique has been used as a research tool in a research study which explored mobile data services adoption of different features by existing users and usage process. Mobile networked technologies and mobile data services have become inextricable part of people's daily lives since they are accessible anytime anywhere throughout a day. Conventional research methods that are used to study the use of mobile devices and applications are unable to collect useful fieldwork data in versatile use situations and thus methodological challenges still exist. Researchers have responded to these challenges by developing research methods that enable new ways of collecting data concerning mobile technology use. The research method presented here is based on conventional research methods, on the use of mobile phone camera for capturing video and photographs during the use of mobile data services and on a commercial application to establish communication contact between users and researchers. The paper suggests that simple commercial systems can be used by researchers to conduct field studies. 1. Introduction Mobile computing supported by broadband wireless and terrestrial networks already allow users to have information and communication outside their homes and workplaces when they are on the move being " optimally connected anywhere, anytime". These technological advancements are forming a multimedia mixed environment with increased online accessibility offering rich applications and services (Mobile Data Services) richer in context and information that are accessible anytime anywhere throughout a day. Mobile data services market, offers information rich services as the WAP services, which play a considerable role in enhancing brand image because they contribute in loyalty and retention. A research study tried to identify the role of place, mobility and the " always online " benefit that mobile technologies provide on the decision to adopt different features by existing users and use mobile data services from the perspective of the end users who are on the move. The paper
Runtime-Guided Management of Scratchpad Memories in Multicore Architectures

The increasing number of cores and the anticipated level of heterogeneity in upcoming multicore architectures cause important problems in traditional cache hierarchies. A good way to alleviate these problems is to add scratchpad memories alongside the cache hierarchy, forming a hybrid memory hierarchy. This memory organization has the potential to improve performance and to reduce the power consumption and the on-chip network traffic, but exposing such a complex memory model to the programmer has a very negative impact on the programmability of the architecture. Emerging task-based programming models are a promising alternative to program heterogeneous multicore architectures. In these models the runtime system manages the execution of the tasks on the architecture, allowing them to apply many optimizations in a generic way at the runtime system level. This paper proposes giving the runtime system the responsibility to manage the scratchpad memories of a hybrid memory hierarchy in multicore processors, transparently to the programmer. In the envisioned system, the runtime system takes advantage of the information found in the task dependences to map the inputs and outputs of a task to the scratchpad memory of the core that is going to execute it. In addition, the paper exploits two mechanisms to overlap the data transfers with computation and a locality-aware scheduler to reduce the data motion. In a 32-core multicore architecture, the hybrid memory hierarchy outperforms cache-only hierarchies by up to 16%, reduces on-chip network traffic by up to 31% and saves up to 22% of the consumed power.
A Conservation-Based Approach to Compensation for Livestock Depredation: The Florida Panther Case Study

Calf (Bos taurus) depredation by the federally endangered Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) on ranches in southwest Florida is an important issue because ranches represent mixed landscapes that provide habitat critical to panther recovery. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify calf depredation by panthers on two ranches in southwest Florida, and (2) develop a habitat suitability model to evaluate the quality of panther hunting habitat on ranchlands, assess whether the model could predict predation risk to calves, and discuss its potential to be incorporated into an incentive-based compensation program. We ear-tagged 409 calves with VHF transmitters on two ranches during 2011–2013 to document calf mortality. We developed a model to evaluate the quality of panther hunting habitat on private lands in southwest Florida using environmental variables obtained from the Florida Natural Areas Inventory (FNAI) Cooperative Landcover Database and nocturnal GPS locations of panthers provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). We then tested whether the model could predict the location of calf depredation sites. Tagged calf loss to panthers varied between the two ranches (0.5%/yr to 5.3%/yr) and may have been influenced by the amount of panther hunting habitat on each ranch as the ranch that experienced higher depredation rates contained a significantly higher probability of panther presence. Depredation sites of tagged calves had a significantly greater probability of panther presence than depredation sites of untagged calves that were found by ranchers in open pastures. This suggests that there may be more calves killed in high risk environments than are being found and reported by ranchers and that panthers can hunt effectively in open environments. It also suggests that the model may provide a means for evaluating the quality of panther hunting habitat and the corresponding risk of depredation to livestock across the landscape. We suggest that our approach could be applied to prioritize and categorize private lands for participation in a Payment for Ecosystem Services program that compensates landowners for livestock loss and incentivizes conserving high quality habitat for large carnivores where livestock depredation is a concern.
Hidden Markov and independence models with patterns for sequential BIST

We propose a novel BIST technique for non-scan sequential circuits which does not modify the circuit under test. It uses a learning algorithm to build a hardware test sequence generator capable of reproducing the essential features of a set of precomputed deterministic test sequences. We use for this purpose two new models called hidden Markov model with patterns and independence model with patterns. Compared to existing methods, the proposed technique exhibits a very high fault coverage, including performance testing, at the expense of a low silicon area overhead.
Historical Property Rights, Sociality, and the Emergence of Impersonal Exchange in Long-Distance Trade

This laboratory experiment explores the extent to which impersonal exchange emerges from personal exchange with opportunities for long-distance trade. We design a three-commodity production and exchange economy in which agents in three geographically separated villages must develop multilateral exchange networks to import a good only available abroad. For treatments, we induce two distinct institutional histories to investigate how past experience with property rights affects the evolution of specialization and exchange. We find that a history of unenforced property rights hinders our subjects' ability to develop the requisite personal social arrangements to support specialization and effectively exploit impersonal long-distance trade.
Mnemonic Structure and Sociality: A Computational Agent-Based Simulation Model

How does group memory affect sociality? Most computational multi-agent social simulation models are designed with agents lacking explicit internal information-processing structure in terms of basic cognitive elements. In particular, memory is usually not explicitly modeled. We present initial results from a new prototype called “Wetlands”, designed to investigate the effect of group memory structures and interaction situations on emergent patterns of sociali ty or collective intentionality. Specifically, we report on initial computational experiments conducted on culturally-differentiated agents endowed with finite and degradable memory that simulate bounded mnemonic function and forgetfulness. Our main initial findings are that memory capacity and engram retenti on both promote sociality among groups, probably as nonlinear (inverse) functions. Wetlands 1.1 is implemented in the new MASON 3 (MultiAgent Simulator of Networks and Neighborhoods) computational environment developed at George Mason University.
Fatigue in a representative population of older persons and its association with functional impairment, functional limitation, and disability.

BACKGROUND Older persons often complain of fatigue, but the functional consequences of this symptom are unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate fatigue and its association with measures of physical function and disability in a representative sample of the older population. METHODS Cross-sectional data from a population-based sample of 1,055 Italian men and women aged 65 and older were analyzed. Fatigue was defined according to two questions evaluating whether participants felt that "everything was an effort" and/or they "could not get going" on three or more days in the past week. Objective measures of physical function were handgrip strength, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and 400-m walking speed. Disability was defined as the inability to complete the 400-m walk test and self-reported difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). RESULTS The prevalence of fatigue was higher in women (29%) than in men (15%). In age-adjusted analyses, fatigued men and women had weaker handgrip strength, lower SPPB score, slower walking speed, and higher mobility, ADL, and IADL disability than nonfatigued persons. Further adjustment for health behaviors, diseases, inflammatory markers, and thyroid function generally reduced the relationship between fatigue and functional outcomes, but fatigue remained significantly associated with SPPB score, walking speed, and mobility and IADL disability. CONCLUSIONS Older persons who report fatigue had significantly poorer functional status than those who did not report this symptom. The causal link between fatigue and these outcomes should be further investigated.
Time-Division Multiplexing for Testing DVFS-Based SoCs

Dynamic voltage-frequency scaling (DVFS) is used in system-on-chips (SoCs) for power management, but it increases test time because every core must be tested at multiple voltage settings. In addition, testing at lower power supply voltage settings increases the length of each test due to the corresponding reduction in frequencies that can be used for scan shift operations. Existing test scheduling techniques do not consider test applications at multiple voltage settings, therefore they are not effective for reducing test time for DVFS-based SoCs. We propose a time-division multiplexing (TDM) architecture, which uses the highest available frequency for shifting test data into the SoC and then distributes the test data into multiple cores using lower shift frequencies. TDM is accompanied by three test scheduling methods, which are suitable for different scenarios: 1) an integer linear programming-based formulation that offers optimal results for SOCs of moderate size; 2) a greedy approach that provides good results with very short run time even for very large SoCs; and 3) a rectangle-packing approach combined with simulated-annealing that offers a trade-off between run time and test-time reduction for all SoCs. Experimental results on two industrial SoCs highlight the effectiveness of TDM and the associated scheduling methods.
Integration of pricing and flow control for available bit rate services in ATM networks

We present a theoretically justified pricing scheme for ABR services which utilizes mechanisms provided by rate-based flow control as defined by the ATM Forum. As a result, the scheme imposes no additional communication overhead, while the added complexity at the switches and end-systems is minimal. Our approach complements the ABR rate-based flow control and leads to economically efficient utilization of network resources. According to the scheme, a connection is charged based on the sum of the price per unit of bandwidth on all links along its route. Prices depend on the demand for bandwidth and are adjusted in a decentralized and iterative manner. Simulation results show that prices converge reasonably fast and do not have a negative effect on the convergence properties of flow control.
Vision-based lateral position improvement of RADAR detections

Detecting vehicles ahead by sensors mounted on an ego-vehicle is an essential element of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). Although millimeter-wave radar sensors are very robust at detecting vehicles, the lateral position resolution is very low. However, a more precise lateral position would not only improve the performance of existing ADAS, but it would also enable a wide range of additional applications. In this paper, we propose a method for improving the lateral position of radar sensor detections by fusing them with a vision sensor. Our method is based on a robust symmetry axis detection of vehicles' rear sides. In contrast to the typical approach of detecting symmetry by means of edges, we use a patch-matching-based approach together with a robust cost function. The initial lateral position of the radar detection is improved by conducting a local symmetry search in the image region corresponding to the objects detected by the radar. The experimental results show that the proposed method is able to improve the lateral position accuracy by a factor of seven. Furthermore, additional consistency checks discover miss-detections of the symmetry axis, thus ensuring that the lateral position never drops below the accuracy of the radar detection.
Virion Interaction in Mouse Lymphoma &

Virion expression in filtrates of lymphomas in AKR/J or C3H/HeJ mice was assayed by two techniques: (a) in vitro infectivity (XC assay), or (b) acceleration of oncogenicity in vivo (0 assay). The two assays appeared to detect different virus populations or activities. This was shown when the same filtrates were tested in parallel by the XC and 0 tests and opposite results were obtained on the two assays, e.g., XC+ 0â€”orXCâ€”0+. It was postulated that two viruses, termed â€œXC+ â€œ and â€œ0â€• to correspond to the assays used to detect them, were involved in oncogenesis. When lymphomas originally virus induced were passaged by cells in 2to 3-month-old synge neic AKR or C3H mice, oncogenic activity of filtrates of these transplanted lymphomas decreased as cell passages increased. These filtrates from C3H lymphomas also had decreased XC activity as cell passages increased. Normal lymphoid tissue from 1to 5-month-old AKR mice was XC+ 0â€”,while from C3H mice it was XCâ€”0â€”. Thus, the two strains modified activities lacking in their normal tissues. Filtrates highlyoncogenic in XC+ newborn AKR mice were oncogenic in C3H newborn mice only when sufficient XC+ virus was in the inoculum received by the XCâ€”C3H mice. Thus the XC+ virus appeared to play a synergistic role with a postulated 0 virus in oncogenesis.
TimeWarp: interactive time travel with a mobile mixed reality game

Mobile location-aware applications have become quite popular across a range of new areas such as pervasive games and mobile edutainment applications. However it is only recently, that approaches have been presented which combine gaming and education with mobile Augmented Reality systems. However they typically lack a close crossmedia integration of the surroundings, and often annotate or extend the environment rather than modifying and altering it. In this paper we present a mobile outdoor mixed reality game for exploring the history of a city in the spatial and the temporal dimension. We introduce the design and concept of the game and present a universal mechanism to define and setup multi-modal user interfaces for the game challenges. Finally we discuss the results of the user tests.
Online connectionist Q-learning produces unreliable performance with a synonym finding task

Neural networks (NNs) trained with reinforcement learning (RL) have the ability to produce complex, and robust behaviour which may be beneficial to language processing tasks. A method is proposed using RL to train NNs so that they might find synonyms that exist within a regular language. The learning algorithm and exploration strategy produces agents which yield consistently sub-optimal policies for expressions containing one operator, and unreliable performance over all expressions. This is surprising since previous work with lookup tables produced synonyms using a larger set of expressions for a wide range of learning rates and very little exploration.
Materialization strategies in the Vertica analytic database: Lessons learned

Column store databases allow for various tuple reconstruction strategies (also called materialization strategies). Early materialization is easy to implement but generally performs worse than late materialization. Late materialization is more complex to implement, and usually performs much better than early materialization, although there are situations where it is worse. We identify these situations, which essentially revolve around joins where neither input fits in memory (also called spilling joins). Sideways information passing techniques provide a viable solution to get the best of both worlds. We demonstrate how early materialization combined with sideways information passing allows us to get the benefits of late materialization, without the bookkeeping complexity or worse performance for spilling joins. It also provides some other benefits to query processing in Vertica due to positive interaction with compression and sort orders of the data. In this paper, we report our experiences with late and early materialization, highlight their strengths and weaknesses, and present the details of our sideways information passing implementation. We show experimental results of comparing these materialization strategies, which highlight the significant performance improvements provided by our implementation of sideways information passing (up to 72% on some TPC-H queries).
Processing Certificate of Authorization with Watermark in Security

We propose the safe treatment of the certificate of authorization in this article. We insert the watermark in the certificate of authorization. Both of the owner and grantee keep the certificate of authorization. We encrypt the file of the certificate of authorization and watermark with different key to produce the file of cipher text. Both of the owner and grantee keep their files. When both sides want to confirm, we use their keys to decrypt both files. If the certificate of authorization and watermark are the same, then they are correct. The step that the certificate of authorization is encrypted and decrypted will be safer.
EEG feature extraction and pattern recognition during right and left hands motor imagery in brain-computer interface

At present, it is an important issue to obtain accurate classification of EEG signal in brain-computer interface. We collected the EEG data which are recorded at a sampling rate of 250Hz by EGI-64 scalp electrodes placed according to the international 10/20 system. Firstly, discrete wavelet transform method is used to decompose the average power of the channel C3/C4 and P3/P4 in left and right hands imagine movement during the some experimental period of time. The reconstructed signal of approximation coefficient A6 on the sixth level is selected to build up a feature signal. Secondly, the performances by Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis and Support Vector Machine methods are compared. The final classifications results show that correct classification rate by Support Vector Machine is higher and gain an ideal classification results, which can establish a basis of real-time BCI application.
Short-Term Job Shadowing Experience Benefits for Undergraduate Rehabilitation Students

This study explored the subjective experiences of rehabilitation services undergraduate students in a short-term job shadowing experience. Experiential reflections of 61 undergraduate rehabilitation services students (females = 91 per cent, age range 18–22 for 77.5 per cent of sample) from a midsized state university in the USA with a brief job shadowing assignment were gathered utilising reflection journals and analysed through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Four interrelated themes emerged: encouragement to enter case management professions, field experience based definition of case management, appreciation of time management in case manager role, and application of related course material learned in the classroom. Results from the study suggest a brief job shadowing experience does improve students’ career exploration, understanding of aspects of a typical career for undergraduate rehabilitation graduates, and how to connect course material to the field.
Variable Decision Strategies, Rational Choice, and Situation-Related Travel Demand

Classical economic theory following Bentham and Mill assumes decision makers are completely informed, highly sensitive to differences between alternatives, and above all rational in being able to rank order the possible alternatives and choose among them on some measure of welfare (utility maximization). In recent years, this view has been successfully challenged by empirical studies of decision making, and many alternative decision rules have emerged (such as lexicographic, elimination by aspects, counting, conjunctive, heuristic additive difference, affective, take the best, and so on). Despite thirty years’ work on boundedly rational and cognitive approaches, the classical view is still widely accepted in urban travel demand modeling. This paper develops a newer conceptual framework for shopping travel situtations—namely, choice of shopping place on different kinds of tour, for different orders of goods, and for regional malls and neighborhood centers. Hypotheses concerning the use of different kinds of decision rule are generated for the different situations or contexts. A statistical design is provided for tests of these hypotheses using fieldwork, verbal protocol analysis, and low-level t-tests. Fifty-five MIT students are interviewed, and their protocols for the shopping situations recorded and analyzed. The findings are that decision rules are multiple and vary with context. Although the specific hypotheses of the paper are not strongly supported, there is overwhelming evidence of the widespread use of simple heuristics. Implications of the findings are drawn for future work in the travel demand field and the preference and choice field. In addition, the contribution of this paper to behavioral decision making is noted, through the extension of work on choice heuristics to a different field (travel demand) and the use of a fieldwork qualitative methodology.