Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A parallel search algorithm for the SAT

In order to be able to perform multimedia searches (like sounds, videos, images, etc.) we have to use data structures like the Spatial Approximation Tree (SAT). This structure is a nice example of a tree structure in which well-known tricks for tree parallelization simply do not work. It is too sparse, unbalanced and its performance is too dependent on the work-load generated by the queries being solved by means of searching the tree. The complexity measure is given by the number of distances computed to retrieve those objects close enough to the query. In this paper we examine some alternatives to parallelize this structure through the MPI library and the BSPpub library.
A Simple Rule of Thumb for Election Audit Size Determination

This note proposes a very simple \Rule of Thumb" for determining how many precincts to audit in a postelection audit. This rule says to audit 1:0=m (1) precincts (rounded up to the next integer), where m is the \margin of victory" (the dierence in percentage of votes for the apparent winner and for the apparent runner-up). For example, if the margin of victory is 4%, then this rule of thumb suggests auditing 1.0/0.04 = 25 precincts. If the formula suggests auditing more precincts than are available, all precincts are audited. This Rule of Thumb gives a guaranteed \condence level" of at least 92% when certain assumptions hold (when all precincts have the same size and the miscount within each precinct is at most 20% of the votes in that precinct). Under these assumptions, the actual condence level achieved ranges from 92% to 100%. This Rule of Thumb is simple enough to be computed in one’s head; it provides reasonable guidance for \backof-the-envelope" estimates, and is useful when the simplicity of the formula is especially important.
An ultramicro colorimetric method for determination of total and direct serum bilirubin.

A simple reproducible method for the ultramicro determination of total and direct serum bilirubin is presented. This method provides a greater sensitivity than that obtained with other colorimetric ultramicro procedures. Total bilirubin values agree with those obtained with the macro Malloy-Evelyn procedure, but direct-reading bilirubin values were significantly higher with the presented method.
Robust Object Detection in Complex Background using ICA Compression

This paper describes a method for recognizing real three-dimensional objects in non-controlled backgrounds using independent component analysis to eliminate redundant image information present in each object image. The proposed method is a two-step process that allows a coarse color-based detection and an exact localization using shape information. The paper describes an efficient implementation, making this approach suitable for realtime applications.
On the performance of ITU-T G.723.1 and AMR-NB codecs for large vocabulary distributed speech recognition in Brazilian Portuguese

In this paper, we present the accuracy for large vocabulary distributed continuous speech recognition systems over ITU-T G.723. 1 and AMRNB speech codecs. Experiments were conducted using LPC and LSF-derived speech recognition features, CDHMM acoustic models, triphone units and trigram language models for the Brazilian Portuguese.
Permutations with Restricted Patterns and Dyck Paths

We exhibit a bijection between 132-avoiding permutations and Dyck paths. Using this bijection, it is shown that all the recently discovered results on generating functions for 132-avoiding permutations with a given number of occurrences of the pattern 12.k follow directly from old results on the enumeration of Motzkin paths, among which is a continued fraction result due to Flajolet. As a bonus, we use these observations to derive further results and a precise asymptotic estimate for the number of 132-avoiding permutations of {1,2,. ,n} with exactly r occurrences of the pattern 12.k. Second, we exhibit a bijection between 123-avoiding permutations and Dyck paths. When combined with a result of Roblet and Viennot, this bijection allows us to express the generating function for 123-avoiding permutations with a given number of occurrences of the pattern (k-1)(k-2). 1k in the form of a continued fraction and to derive further results for these permutations.
Chunking and Extracting Text Content for Mobile Learning: A Query-Focused Summarizer Based on Relevance Language Model

Millions of text contents and multimedia published on the Web have potential to be shared as the learning contents. However, mobile learners often feel it difficult to extract useful contents for learning. Manually creating content not only requires a huge effort on the part of the teachers but also creates barriers towards reuse of the content that has already been created for e-Learning. In this paper, a text-based content summarizer is introduced to address an approach to help mobile learners to retrieve and process information more quickly by aligning text-based content size to various mobile characteristics. In this work, probabilistic language modeling techniques are integrated into an extractive text summarization system to fulfill the automatic summary generation for mobile learning. Experimental results have shown that our solution is a proper and efficient approach to help mobile learners to summarize important content quickly.
Label-Denoising Auto-encoder for Classification with Inaccurate Supervision Information

Label noise is not uncommon in machine learning applications nowadays and imposes great challenges for many existing classifiers. In this paper we propose a new type of auto-encoder coined label-denoising auto-encoder to learn a representation for robust classification under this situation. For this purpose, we include both the feature and the (noisy) label of a data point in the input layer of the auto-encoder network, and during each learning iteration, we disturb the label according to the posterior probability of the data estimated by a soft max regression classifier. The learnt representation is shown to be robust against label noise on three real-world data-sets.
Section Ii-exercise Physiology & Sports Medicine the Relationship between Foot and Pelvic Alignment While Standing

A normal motion and segmental interrelationship has been determined as a significant factor in normal function. Yet, the relationship between distal segments and pelvic alignment needs further investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship between distal and proximal lower extremity segments while standing and during induced feet hyperpronation. Changes in alignment of the pelvis and lower extremities were measured at a gait laboratory using the VICON 612 computerized motion analysis system. Thirty-five healthy volunteer subjects were recruited. Four randomized repeated-measure standing modes were used: standing directly on the floor and then on three wedges angled at 10°, 15° and 20° to induce bilateral hyperpronation for 20 seconds. A significant (p<0.05) bi-variate relationship was found between the anterior pelvic tilt and thigh internal rotation, in all four standing positions (.41≤r≤.46, in all p<0.014). A combined effect of rotational alignment between segments and the cumulative effect of foot hyperpronation on pelvic tilt revealed that only the shank significantly affected pelvic alignment, acting as a mediator between a foot and a thigh with the thigh having a crude significant effect on the pelvis. When internal rotation of the shank occurs, calcaneal eversion couples with thigh internal rotation and anterior pelvic tilt. It can be concluded that in response to induced hyperpronation, the shank is a pivotal segment in postural adjustment.
The Situational Version of the Brief COPE: Dimensionality and Relationships With Goal-Related Variables

This study is aimed at investigating the dimensionality of the situational version of the Brief COPE, a questionnaire that is frequently used to assess a broad range of coping responses to specific difficulties, by comparing five different factor models highlighted in previous studies. It also aimed at exploring the relationships among coping responses, personal goal commitment and progress. The study involved 606 adults (male = 289) ranging in age from 19 to 71. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we compared five models and assessed relationships of coping responses with goal commitment and progress. The results confirmed the theoretical factor structure of the situational Brief COPE. All the 14 dimensions showed acceptable reliability and relationships with goal commitment and progress, attesting the reliability and usefulness of this measure to evaluate coping responses to specific events.
RING OSCILLATOR SENSITIVITY TO SPATIAL PROCESS VARIATION

Analysis of process variation is undertaken to control or design around that variation in order to produce more manufacturable, and therefore less expensive, products. Thus, i t is most important to understand the impact of the components of variation on the performance of the fabricated circuits in order to focus process control and design verification efforts on those high impact components.
Obstacle-aware routing problem in a rectangular mesh network

In an automatic design process for very large scale integration/printed circuit board (VLSI/PCB), routing problem is one of the most important and crucial part after components placement phase. This process is notoriously difficult, and a problem consists of a set of two-pin nets, is known to be NP-complete. In this problem, we considered a rectangular mesh network with all the location for blocks with pins on the boundaries and obstacles is predefined. Given a set of two-pin nets, our goal is to establish connections in the network by avoiding all the obstacles while satisfying the design rules. In this paper, we are using simulated annealing routing method with Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm to provide the best path for each connection if it exists. The simulation results showed that by accepting some uphill movements based on Boltzmann probability function led to better results and yield to lower energy level. This suggests the technique is suitable for adoption into real problem. © 2014 Noraziah Adzhar and Shaharuddin Salleh.
Biosynthesis of Cholesterol and Other Sterols

(CAS) to give true sterols. annulation proceeds by synthase (cyclase)-speci ﬁ c cationic mechanisms involving a common protosteroid cation (17 R -H/17 β -side chain orientation, 3 ). The cyclization cascade terminates with formation of either (i) intermediate 4 (LAS) followed by its deprotonation at C9 or C7 to form lanosterol 11 or lanosta-7,24-dienol 12 , respectively or (ii) intermediate 6 (CAS), which depending on the position of deprotonation at C7, C19, or C11 yields lanosta-7,24-dienol 13 , cycloartenol 14 , or parkeol 15 , respectively; trans boat type 6a a ﬀ ords the 9 β instead of a 9 R necessary to complete biosynthesis of cholesterol. asymmetric conformation of bound intermediates 4 and 6 a 20 (20 R guration)eclipsed to 17 R produce an enzyme-bound “ left-handed rotamer at C20. true sterol side chain can rotate about C20, such that C21 and C22 lies in a 1,3-diaxial relationship with C18 to form the energetically favorable “ right-handed ” conformation of 11 to 15 utilized in membranes.
Trends in aerosol radiative effects over Europe inferred from observed cloud cover, solar “dimming,” and solar “brightening”

residual flux declined by a statistically significant 2.7–3.5 W m � 2 per decade during 1971–1986 and rose by a statistically significant 2.0–2.3 W m � 2 per decade during 1987–2002. The fact that independent grid boxes exhibit mostly negative trends in the earlier period and mostly positive trends in the later period demonstrates that these longterm variations in SW flux are real and widespread over Europe. Changes in cloud cover cannot account for the trends in surface SW flux since cloud cover actually slightly decreased during 1971–1986 and slightly increased during 1987–2002. The most likely explanation is changes in anthropogenic aerosol emissions that led to more scattering and absorption of SW radiation during the earlier period of solar ‘‘dimming’’ and less scattering and absorption during the later period of solar ‘‘brightening. ’’
Computer Modeling & Performance Analysis of VoIP under Different Strategic Conditions

The transmission of the Voice over Internet protocol requires high quality of speech to update this service. VoIP signal quality can be degraded by network layer problems which includes delay, packet loss and jitter. But the frame loss while transmitting voice over internet services may generate audible distortion in the perceived speech quality. The simulation model of VoIP network under impairments is presented in this paper. The results are measured using the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ). Further spectral analysis of this degraded VoIP speech signal is carried out.
Joint TOA-based sensor synchronization and localization using semidefinite programming

In this paper, asynchronous sensor localization using time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements is studied. Accurate TOA-based localization requires perfect timing synchronization between the source and anchor nodes. In asynchronous networks, the anchor nodes are assumed to be synchronized, while the clock of the source node needs be synchronized with those of the anchor nodes. Although synchronization and localization are typically performed separately, in this work a joint synchronization and localization framework is considered, as it is expected to provide significant improvement over two-step approaches. The clock parameters (clock offset and skew) of the source node are estimated jointly with its location. The corresponding Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and the maximum likelihood (ML) estimator of the system model are derived. The ML estimator is highly nonlinear and nonconvex which must be solved with computationally complex algorithms. Alternatively, a novel semidefinite programming (SDP) estimator is introduced by relaxing the original ML minimization problem into a convex problem. Computer simulations show that the proposed SDP estimator outperforms other previously proposed estimators.
To Analyze The Nonuniform Transmission Lines By Cascading Short Linear

In this paper, a new method is introduced to frequency domain analyze arbitrary nonuniform transmission lines (NTLs). The NTLs are subdivided into several short linear sections instead of uniform ones. The chain parameter matrix of linear sections is obtained by expressing the voltages and currents by power series expansion. This method is applicable to all arbitrary NTLs. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified using a comprehensive example.
How Feasible Is WiFi Fingerprint-Based Indoor Positioning for In-Home Monitoring?

The main objective of this paper is to obtain an answer to the research question: Is it feasible to use a WiFi fingerprint-based indoor localization method for in-home monitoring? This question is highly relevant in fields such as Aging in Place or remote healthcare where continuous monitoring is essential. To answer this question, exhaustive experiments using expert systems and machine learning techniques have been performed in seven different real scenarios. The results showed success rate of 96% in estimating the location of a person inside his/her home in the best case, and an average of 89% in the seven studied scenarios. WiFi fingerprint-based location for in-home monitoring provides a precise location inside user's home, and it is robust enough to work even without an own WiFi access point, which in turn means a very affordable solution for in-home monitoring problems.
Research and Realization of Kth Path Planning Algorithm under Large-Scale Data Which Meets the Requirement for Repeatability

Path planning problem is one of the key contents in the research field of Geographic Information System (GIS), among which the finding of the shortest path is always a hot topic. When there is large quantity of data, the efficiency of traditional algorithms of Kth shortest paths is relatively low, and some path problems concerning big difference between the planned Kth paths under actual requirements cannot be solved. On the basis of Dijkstra algorithm, the concepts of favorability and repeatability are introduced to find Kth paths including the shortest in the current graph cyclically by determination of repeatability of path results and the change of graph caused by the change of favorability, thereby realizing the planning of multiple different paths. Compared with similar algorithms, this algorithm is faster, and the multiple path results obtained meet the requirement for certain repeatability while the lengths of paths are also quite reasonable.
A Combinatorial Auction Mechanism for Multiple Resource Procurement in Cloud Computing

In hybrid cloud computing, cloud users have the ability to procure resources from multiple cloud vendors, and furthermore also the option of selecting different combinations of resources. The problem of procuring a single resource from one of many cloud vendors can be modeled as a standard winner determination problem, and there are mechanisms for single item resource procurement given different QoS and pricing parameters. There however is no compatible approach that would allow cloud users to procure arbitrary bundles of resources from cloud vendors. We design the <sc>cloud</sc>-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CABOB}$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq1-2541150.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> algorithm to solve the multiple resource procurement problem in hybrid clouds. Cloud users submit their requirements, and in turn vendors submit bids containing price, QoS and their offered sets of resources. The approach is scalable, which is necessary given that there are a large number of cloud vendors, with more continually appearing. We perform experiments for procurement cost and scalability efficacy on the <sc>cloud</sc>-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {CABOB}$ </tex-math><alternatives><inline-graphic xlink:href="rao-ieq2-2541150.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> algorithm using various standard distribution benchmarks like random, uniform, decay and CATS. Simulations using our approach with prices procured from several cloud vendors’ datasets show its effectiveness at multiple resource procurement.
The political left rolls with the good and the political right confronts the bad: connecting physiology and cognition to preferences

We report evidence that individual-level variation in people's physiological and attentional responses to aversive and appetitive stimuli are correlated with broad political orientations. Specifically, we find that greater orientation to aversive stimuli tends to be associated with right-of-centre and greater orientation to appetitive (pleasing) stimuli with left-of-centre political inclinations. These findings are consistent with recent evidence that political views are connected to physiological predispositions but are unique in incorporating findings on variation in directed attention that make it possible to understand additional aspects of the link between the physiological and the political.
Fostering self-efficacy and self-regulation in higher education: a matter of autonomy support or academic motivation?

ABSTRACT By implementing student-centred learning environments, higher education institutions aim to foster student self-efficacy and self-regulation. Previous research that focuses on how students perceive these learning environments usually does not take the differential impact of students’ study motivation into account. However, the type of motivation might influence how students perceive their learning environment. To this end, this study investigates the relationship between students’ perceived autonomy support in student-centred learning environments and self-regulation and self-efficacy by taking study motivation into account. The results indicate that autonomy-supportive teacher behaviour enhances self-efficacy for students who are autonomously motivated. Amotivated students might need other than autonomy-supportive teacher behaviour to develop self-efficacy. Self-regulation seems to play a less distinct role. Overall, when examining the effects of autonomy-supportive teaching in higher education, the quality and quantity of students’ motivation has a role to play, an aspect which is important to consider in future research and practice.
Stock Price Time Series Prediction using Neuro-Fuzzy with Support Vector Guideline System

Global prediction techniques such as support vector machines show accurate prediction for time series data; however, such models tend to delay the predicted output. Fuzzy systems have benefits in local optimum, thus producing significant results within training sets. Unfortunately, the existing techniques sometimes give undesired effects of surface oscillation at predicted outputs. This paper presents a cascade model called Neuro-Fuzzy with Support Vector guideline system (NFSV) to resolve the problem mentioned above. The proposed model takes benefits from both support vector machine and fuzzy model with appropriate stock price rule filtering. From evaluation, the proposed method seems to have low error rate in stock price time series prediction.
Participation in dynamic auctions.

We study participation decisions and bidding behaviour in Michigan Department of Transportation procurement auctions. Patterns in the bidding data suggest that bidders' participation behaviour has a forward looking component. To fully understand the extent of these effects on auction outcomes, we construct and estimate a dynamic asymmetric auction model with endogenous participation. We develop an estimation approach which builds on Guerre et al. (2000) and recently developed dynamic discrete game estimators. We then quantify the level of inefficiencies under the current auction rules and then consider how alternative auction rules affect efficiency. We also analyse the effect of ignoring dynamics in this market by estimating a static version of our model. This approach results in misleading conclusions concerning auction efficiency.
Spatio-temporal grounding of claims made on the web

Social media presents us with a digitally-accessible sample of all human discourse. This sample is full of claims and assertions. While the state of the art in NLP is adapting to the volume, velocity and variety of this sample and the information in it, the accuracy of claims made in social media remain largely unstudied. PHEME, a 36-month EU project started in January 2014, focuses on this fourth challenge: veracity. As a core part of establishing veracity, we need to identify the spatio-temporal context of assertions made on informal websites. This project note introduces the spatio-temporal challenges and planned semantic annotation activities that are part of the PHEME project.
On the mean values of Dirichlet L‐functions

We study the 2kth power moment of Dirichlet L‐functions L(s, χ) at the centre of the critical strip (s=12) , where the average is over all primitive characters χ (mod q). We extend to this case the hybrid Euler–Hadamard product results of Gonek, Hughes and Keating for the Riemann zeta function. This allows us to recover conjectures for the moments based on random matrix models, incorporating the arithmetical terms in a natural way.