Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Descriptor : Microarray pro fi ling of miRNA and mRNA expression in Rag 2 knockout and wild-type mouse spleens

The Rag2 knockout (KO) mouse is one of the most popular immune compromised animal models used in biomedical research. The immune compromised state concurrently alters many signalling pathways and molecules, including miRNAs and mRNA transcripts that are involved in important biological processes. In addition, miRNAs and transcripts are interdependent, often forming a feedback loop; dysregulation in one might alter the expression of the other, and both participate in many physiological processes including immune regulation. Here, we describe a comprehensive dataset containing alterations in the expression of both miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice compared to their wild type counterparts. The miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were generated from total RNA using a miRNA expression microarray or a BeadChip microarray, respectively. Hence, this dataset will provide the groundwork for a comparative study of the miRNAs and mRNAs that are dysregulated in Rag2 KO mice. It is hoped that the data will illuminate how miRNAs mediate immune regulation, as well as the interaction between miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice.
Visual analytic roadblocks for novice investigators

We have observed increasing interest in visual analytics tools and their applications in investigative analysis. Despite the growing interest and substantial studies regarding the topic, understanding the major roadblocks of using such tools from novice users' perspectives is still limited. Therefore, we attempted to identify such “visual analytic roadblocks” for novice users in an investigative analysis scenario. To achieve this goal, we reviewed the existing models, theories, and frameworks that could explain the cognitive processes of human-visualization interaction in investigative analysis. Then, we conducted a qualitative experiment with six novice participants, using a slightly modified version of pair analytics, and analyzed the results through the open-coding method. As a result, we came up with four visual analytic roadblocks and explained these roadblocks using existing cognitive models and theories. We also provided design suggestions to overcome these roadblocks.
Creating Futures: Potential of Video Empowerment in Postsecondary Education

Social progress benefits from positive future expectations which are often diminished in the disability community and higher education. Considerable potential exists in the use of video and related technologies to create images of positive futures where previously there was none. These potentials stem from proven practices of self modeling and feedforward, methods to teach new skills with carefully planned and edited videos that show future capability of the individual on video. These practices have been applied to a diversity of ages, situations, and human conditions. We extend these practices to video-based futures planning, in which teenagers find meaning in their current educational setting to prepare them for adulthood and to putting individuals with disabilities in control of the video production to assemble television shows illustrating personal advocacy or community environments with positive outcomes for themselves, their families, and their neighbors. The examples show the considerable potential for support in the postsecondary educational environment.
Closed transition transfer switch based on multi-mode photovoltaic inverter for preventing power outage

This paper proposes a closed transition transfer switch (CTTS) based on a photovoltaic inverter which is capable of transition between grid-connected and island modes. The proposed system consists of the CTTS, utility grid and photovoltaic inverter connected to each input, respectively, an active load with power factor correction, and a system controller. According to the grid condition, the system controller manages the closed transition between the two inputs and determines the inverter operation mode. The performance was verified by the simulation.
Word-specific phonetics

A long-standing forte of the Laboratory Phonology series has been work on phonetic implementation of phonological representations. Numerous studies in this series have elucidated the patterns of variation in the realization of phonological categories in different segmental and prosodic contexts, and such studies now provide one of the main lines of evidence about the cognitive representation of sound structure. In a consensus view of phonetic implementation, lexemes (the phonological representations of words) are abstract structures made up of categorical, contrastive elements. The phonetic implementation system relates this abstract, long-term, categorical knowledge to the time course of phonetic parameters in particular acts of speech. In fluent mature speakers, the phonetic implementation system is a modular, feed-forward system, reflecting its nature as an extremely practiced and automatic behavior. Lexemes are retrieved from the lexicon, and assembled in a phonological buffer in which phrasal prosody and intonation are also assigned. The fully formed hierarchical structures thus assembled provide the input to the phonetic implementation rules, which compute the degree and timing of articulatory gestures. The model is feedforward because no arrows go backwards, from articulatory plans to phonological encoding, or from the phonological encoding to the lexical level (apart from some post-hoc monitoring which permits people to notice and correct speech errors). It is modular because no lexeme information can influence the phonetic implementation directly, bypassing the level of phonological buffering. Though highly successful in explaining a wide range of data, such models are now challenged by a number of studies demonstrating the existence of word-specific phonetic detail. In modular feed-forward models, the (categorical) form of the lexeme wholly determines the phonetic outcome. If two words differ at all in their phonetics, then they differ categorically, and accordingly one job of the phonology is to identify a category set which captures all systematic differences amongst words. Another feature of these models is they do not take on the job of describing systematic phonetic variation related to sociostylistic register. Though the authors of such models would no doubt acknowledge the existence of such variation, they have not undertaken to provide a formal treatment of the cognitive capabilities which permit it. These limitations in formal models of
African-American Resistance to Colonization

In most historical treatments of issues concerning Africans, the role of Blacks is diminished or obscured by European scholars. Most often, people of African descent are relegated to a peripheral status, even when the history is their own. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the historiography of the antislavery movement. The valorous role that Africans played in the resistance to any form of enslavement has been co-opted by those who wish to salve European consciences. The struggle belonged, after all, to Africans, and they accepted the obligation to wrest their freedom from those who benefited from their subjugation. Afrocentric scholars those who insist upon interpreting African history from the perspective of the African have the duty to correct the misconception of passive, docile, and accommodating Africans who willingly aided in their enslavement. It is necessary for such scholars to reclaim, restore, and recount their own history. The image of the docile Black is not borne out by history. The chronicles are replete with instances of African resistance to the institution of slavery and to discriminatory practices designed to limit or nullify the rights of Black people. Since most of the history was and is written by Whites, it is necessary to read footnotes and between the lines to cull such history. As Blackett (1986) says, "Afro-American history is strewn with veiled references to the many men and women who fought against slavery and discrimination . the implication is that in their time they influenced few events" (p. 1). Consequently, one is given the impression that the abolitionist movement, the underground railroad, the colonization
Models of Response Inhibition in the Stop-signal and Stop-change Paradigms

Keywords: Response inhibition Horse-race model Stop-signal paradigm Models of cognitive control A B S T R A C T The stop-signal paradigm is very useful for the study of response inhibition. Stop-signal performance is typically described as a race between a go process, triggered by a go stimulus, and a stop process, triggered by the stop signal. Response inhibition depends on the relative finishing time of these two processes. Numerous studies have shown that the independent horse-race model of Logan and Cowan 1984. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a theory of an act of control. Psychological Review 91, 295–327] accounts for the data very well. In the present article, we review the independent horse-race model and related models, such as the interactive horse-race model 2007. Inhibitory control in mind and brain: an interactive race model of countermanding saccades. Psychological Review 114, 376–397]. We present evidence that favors the independent horse-race model but also some evidence that challenges the model. We end with a discussion of recent models that elaborate the role of a stop process in inhibiting a response.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vif Protein Binds to the Pr 55 Gag Precursor

MICHÈLE BOUYAC, MARIANNE COURCOUL, GILLES BERTOIA, YVES BAUDAT, DANA GABUZDA, DOMINIQUE BLANC,† NATHALIE CHAZAL, PIERRE BOULANGER, JOSÉPHINE SIRE, ROBERT VIGNE, AND BRUNO SPIRE* INSERM U372, 13276 Marseille Cédex 09, and Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathogénèse Moléculaires (CNRS URA 1487), Institut de Biologie, Faculté de Médecine, Montpellier, France, and Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Feature-Based Software Customization: Preliminary Analysis, Formalization, and Methods

Modern software engineering practice allows us tobuild more complex software than ever before. However, onthe other hand, it causes some negative consequences such asbloatware and feature creep which have been observed in manysoftware evolution and iteration lifecycle. In this paper, we proposean approach to customizing Java bytecode by applying static dataflow analysis and enhanced programming slicing technique. This approach allows developers to customize Java programs based on various users' requirements or remove unnecessaryfeatures from tangled code in legacy projects. We evaluate ourapproach by conducting case studies on removing cross cuttingfeatures from real world Java programs. The results show thatour approach has the potential for practical use. Additionally, we find out that, by increasing the diversity of the software, ourapproach can help achieve moving target defense.
Fatal attraction: vegetation responses to nutrient inputs attract herbivores to infectious anthrax carcass sites

Parasites can shape the foraging behaviour of their hosts through cues indicating risk of infection. When cues for risk co-occur with desired traits such as forage quality, individuals face a trade-off between nutrient acquisition and parasite exposure. We evaluated how this trade-off may influence disease transmission in a 3-year experimental study of anthrax in a guild of mammalian herbivores in Etosha National Park, Namibia. At plains zebra (Equus quagga) carcass sites we assessed (i) carcass nutrient effects on soils and grasses, (ii) concentrations of Bacillus anthracis (BA) on grasses and in soils, and (iii) herbivore grazing behaviour, compared with control sites, using motion-sensing camera traps. We found that carcass-mediated nutrient pulses improved soil and vegetation, and that BA is found on grasses up to 2 years after death. Host foraging responses to carcass sites shifted from avoidance to attraction, and ultimately to no preference, with the strength and duration of these behavioural responses varying among herbivore species. Our results demonstrate that animal carcasses alter the environment and attract grazing hosts to parasite aggregations. This attraction may enhance transmission rates, suggesting that hosts are limited in their ability to trade off nutrient intake with parasite avoidance when relying on indirect cues.
Arabidopsis Sucrose Transporter AtSUC1 Is Important for Pollen Germination and Sucrose-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation1[OA]

The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) sucrose transporter AtSUC1 (At1g71880) is highly expressed in pollen; however, its function has remained unknown. Here, we show that suc1 mutant pollen is defective in vivo, as evidenced by segregation distortion, and also has low rates of germination in vitro. AtSUC1-green fluorescent protein was localized to the plasma membrane in pollen tubes. AtSUC1 is also expressed in roots and external application of sucrose increased AtSUC1 expression in roots. AtSUC1 is important for sucrose-dependent signaling leading to anthocyanin accumulation in seedlings. suc1 mutants accumulated less anthocyanins in response to exogenous sucrose or maltose and microarray analysis revealed reduced expression of many genes important for anthocyanin biosynthesis. The results indicate that AtSUC1 is important for sugar signaling in vegetative tissue and for normal male gametophyte function.
Inconsistency Handling in Multiperspective Specifications

AbstructThe development of most large and complex systems necessarily involves many people+ach with their own perspectives on the system defined by their knowledge, responsibilities, and commitments. To address this we have advocated distributed development of specifications from multiple perspectives. However, this leads to problems of identifying and handling inconsistencies between such perspectives. Maintaining absolute consistency is not always possible. Often this is not even desirable since this can unnecessarily constrain the development process, and can lead to the loss of important information. Indeed since the real-world forces us to work with inconsistencies, we should formalize some of the usually informal or extra-logical ways of responding to them. This is not necessarily done by eradicating inconsistencies but rather by supplying logical rules specifying how we should act on them. To achieve this, we combine two lines of existing research: the Viewpoints framework for perspective development, interaction and organization, and a logic-based approach to inconsistency handling. This paper presents our technique for inconsistency handling in the Viewpoints framework hy using simple examples.
Influence of the User Importance Measure on the Group Evolution Discovery

Abstract One of the most interesting topics in social network science are social groups, i.e. their extraction, dynamics and evolution. One year ago the method for group evolution discovery (GED) was introduced. The GED method during extraction process takes into account both the group members quality and quantity. The quality is reflected by user importance measure. In this paper the influence of different user importance measures on the results of the GED method is examined and presented. The results indicate that using global measures like social position (page rank) allows to achieve more precise results than using local measures like degree centrality or no measure at all.
Evolutionary-based learning of generalised policies for AI planning domains

This work investigates the application of Evolutionary Computation (EC) to the induction of generalised policies used to solve AI planning problems. A policy is defined as an ordered list of rules that specifies which action to perform under which conditions; a solution (plan) to a planning problem is a sequence of actions suggested by the policy. We compare an evolved policy with one produced by a state-of-the art approximate policy iteration approach. We discuss the relative merits of the two approaches with a focus on the impact of the knowledge representation and the learning strategy. In particular we note that a strategy commonly and successfully used for the induction of classification rules, that of Iterative Rule Learning, is not necessarily an optimal strategy for the induction of generalised policies aimed at minimising the number of actions in a plan.
Detection of the highlights in baseball video program

The paper introduces a highlight detection method that consists of: (1) an inference scheme for semantic feature extraction; (2) a semantic highlight detection scheme using a multi-level semantic network (MSN). MSN is basically a Bayesian belief network (BBN) which consists of the low-level feature nodes connected to the mid-level semantic nodes and finally the high-level semantic nodes. A probabilistic structure can be combined by visual features and can be applied on highlight detection. Satisfactory results are shown
Temporal and spatial pattern of MASH‐1 expression in the developing rat retina demonstrates progenitor cell heterogeneity

The temporal and spatial pattern of mammalian achaete‐scute homolog 1 (MASH‐1) expression in the developing rat retina was examined in an effort to correlate achaete‐scute homolog expression with the generation of particular cell classes. The expression of MASH‐1 was restricted to the latter portion of retinal neurogenesis and was most closely correlated with the appearance of bipolar cells and Müller glia, two cell classes that are generated late in retinogenesis. We also examined the proliferative nature of the MASH‐1‐expressing cell type to confirm that MASH‐1 is expressed by progenitor cells and to determine the proportion of the proliferating population that expresses MASH‐1. MASH‐1 was expressed by only 10–30% of the total proliferating population, depending on the age examined. Thus, MASH‐1 expression provides a molecular marker of heterogeneity among retinal progenitor cells and may play a role in the commitment and/or differentiation of one or more of the late‐appearing retinal phenotypes. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Future User Engagement Prediction and Its Application to Improve the Sensitivity of Online Experiments

Modern Internet companies improve their services by means of data-driven decisions that are based on online controlled experiments (also known as A/B tests). To run more online controlled experiments and to get statistically significant results faster are the emerging needs for these companies. The main way to achieve these goals is to improve the sensitivity of A/B experiments. We propose a novel approach to improve the sensitivity of user engagement metrics (that are widely used in A/B tests) by utilizing prediction of the future behavior of an individual user. This problem of prediction of the exact value of a user engagement metric is also novel and is studied in our work. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our sensitivity improvement approach on several real online experiments run at Yandex. Especially, we show how it can be used to detect the treatment effect of an A/B test faster with the same level of statistical significance.
Exploring mentoring and leadership development in health care organizations

Purpose – To improve understanding of mentoring and other leadership development practices in health care organizations, focusing on three questions: What has been done? What is being done? What should be done? Design/methodology/approach – First, 160 key informant interviews explored mentoring and leadership development practices in health care between September 2003 and December 2004. Second, all US hospital chief executives were surveyed between August‐December 2004 (844 respondents) and asked about mentoring and leadership development.Findings – No interviewed executives and fewer than one‐quarter of chief executive respondents reported participating in formal mentoring programs as a protege. Nearly one in three executives surveyed reported that a formal mentoring program was available within their organizations; however, only three key informants described programs in existence longer than five years. Issues such as assuring senior leadership support, sustaining budgetary commitment, and dedicating qu.
Ocular Infection: Histopathological Analysis

The ocular histopathological response of C3-depleted and normal DBA/2J mice was compared after corneal scarification and experimental infection with topically applied Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Normal, non-C3-depleted mice were capable of mounting a vigorous polymorphonuclear leukocyte response at 24 h after bacterial challenge and eventually restored corneal clarity. In contrast, C3-depleted animals responded at 24 h to the ocular bacterial challenge with a decreased number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes migrating into the cornea. Additionally, the eyes of C3-depleted mice exhibited persistence of bacteria, cataract of the ocular lens, and loss of vision.
Supplier Selection in Supply Chain Managment by Using ANP and Fuzzy TOPSIS

Nowadays supply chain management is one of the most important affairs that applying its new approaches is essential among competitive industries and markets. For any company, the most significant decision is to purchase goods, materials and services from suppliers. Now the better suppliers perform the better company do. So the role of suppliers is critical in the competitive markets. Supplier selection is the first step of the supply chain management. Supplier selection is a problem for any organization because of its role on reducing cost in the supply chain management. It is little complex because of existing various criteria and it is the multi criteria problem and there are experts in any company to make decision in accordance with multiple criteria. This paper proposed an integrated method using Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) . this paper used ANP to calculate the weights of each criteria of the model and for the sake of complexity in evaluation to prepare exact numerical values for the criteria is difficult, fuzzy TOPSIS is used in this paper to select the best supplier.