Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A model for comparing the space usage of lazy evaluators

Identifying the source of space faults in functional programs is hard. The problem is compounded as space usage can vary enormously from one implementation to another. We use a term-graph rewriting model to describe evaluators with explicit space usage. Given descriptions for two evaluators E1 and E2, if E1 never has asymptotically worse space usage than E2, we can use a bisimulation-like proof method to prove it. Conversely, if E1 is leakier than E2, we characterise a class of computations that expose the di erence between them.
Microelectromagnets for the manipulation of biological systems

Microelectromagnet devices, a ring trap and a matrix, were developed for the microscopic control of biological systems. The ring trap is a circular Au wire with an insulator on top. The matrix has two arrays of straight Au wires, one array perpendicular to the other, that are separated and topped by insulating layers. Microelectromagnets can produce strong magnetic fields to stably manipulate magnetically tagged biological systems in a fluid. Moreover, by controlling the currents flowing through the wires, a microelectromagnet matrix can move a peak in the magnetic field magnitude continuously over the surface of the device, generate multiple peaks simultaneously and control them independently. These capabilities of a matrix can be used to trap, continuously transport, assemble, separate and sort biological samples on micrometer length scales. Combining microelectromagnets with microfluidic systems, chip-based experimental systems can be realized for novel applications in biological and biomedical studies.
Superficial Esophageal Neoplasms Overlying Leiomyomas Removed by Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: Case Reports and Review of the Literature

The coexistence of an epithelial lesion and a subepithelial lesion is uncommon. In almost all such cases, the coexistence of these lesions appears to be incidental. It is also extremely rare to encounter a neoplasm in the surface epithelium that overlies a benign mesenchymal tumor in the esophagus. Several cases of a coexisting esophageal neoplasm overlying a leiomyoma that is treated endoscopically or surgically have been reported previously. Here, three cases of a superficial esophageal neoplasm that developed over an esophageal leiomyoma and was then successfully removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection are described.
Influence of Heavy Metal Stress on Antioxidant Status and DNA Damage in Urtica dioica

Heavy metals have the potential to interact and induce several stress responses in the plants; thus, effects of heavy metal stress on DNA damages and total antioxidants level in Urtica dioica leaves and stems were investigated. The samples are sampled from areas with different metal exposition. Metal content was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES), for total antioxidants level assessment the Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay was used, and genomic DNA isolation from frozen plant samples was performed to obtain DNA fingerprints of investigated plant. It was found that heavy metal contents in stems generally changed synchronously with those in leaves of the plant, and extraneous metals led to imbalance of mineral nutrient elements. DNA damages were investigated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, and the results demonstrated that the samples exposed to metals yielded a large number of new fragments (total 12) in comparison with the control sample. This study showed that DNA stability is highly affected by metal pollution which was identified by RAPD markers. Results suggested that heavy metal stress influences antioxidant status and also induces DNA damages in U. dioica which may help to understand the mechanisms of metals genotoxicity.
Shaping procedures to deal with complex situations

Handling dynamically-evolving environments, where unpredictable scenarios, incomplete information and pressure for quick decisions are commonplace, might bring great complexity for teams during treatment. Variables considered for undertaking recommended procedures may yield a great number of decision alternatives. Additionally, expectations regarding the response to treatment may not match those actually observed. Thus, recommended procedures usually require adjustments to meet needs and reactions of the ongoing situation. This paper deals with the challenges to diagnosing and adjusting procedures when handling complex situations, specifically during patients' care in emergency rooms. We propose an approach to support physicians' decision-making while shaping medical procedures to emergency cases. It allows physicians identify when observed evolution does not match the procedures described. From this, they can diagnose adequacy of recommended procedures for handling the case faced and, if necessary, adjust these procedures to patient's proper treatment. A case study in labor in poor communities illustrates approach application.
Measurement of Complex Permeability of Ferromagnetic Nanowires using Cavity Perturbation Techniques

The complex permeability of nanowire arrays of different materials was measured at X-band using a cavity perturbation technique. Compared with ferromagnetic films of the same materials, a relatively high permeability with a low loss is obtained. Our results indicate that ferromagnetic nanowire arrays have important potential technological applications as magnetodielectrics for microwave devices such as variable attenuators, phase shifters, modulators, stop-band filters and power absorbing terminals
Cytotoxic T-cell responses to H-Y: correlation with the rejection of syngeneic male skin grafts

The ability of female mice to rapidly reject syngenic male skin grafts is largely determined by dominant genes in the IB region of the H-2b halotype, whereas the ability to produce anti-H-Y cytotoxic cells is determined by a dominant gene in the IA region the H-2b halotype, or by complementary genes in the IC region of some other haplotypes. Thus, it seems that H-2-retricted anti-H-Y cytotoxic T cells are not responsible for the rejection of syngeneic male skin grafts.
Bayesian Network Structure Learning Based On Rough Set and Mutual Information

In Bayesian network structure learning for incomplete data set, a common problem is too many attributes causing low efficiency and high computation complexity. In this paper, an algorithm of attribute reduction based on rough set is introduced. The algorithm can effectively reduce the dimension of attributes and quickly determine the network structure using mutual information for Bayesian network structure learning. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i2. 3768
YouTube Movie Reviews: In, Cross, and Open-domain Sentiment Analysis in an Audiovisual Context

In this contribution we focus on the task of automatically analyzing a speaker’s sentiment in on-line videos containing movie reviews. In addition to textual information, we consider adding audio features as typically used in speech-based emotion recognition as well as video features encoding valuable valence information conveyed by the speaker. We combine this multi-modal experimental setup with a detailed analysis of different methods for linguistic sentiment analysis by gradually increasing the level of domain-independence: First, we consider in-domain analysis by examining a cross-validation setup applied on a novel database named Multi-Modal Movie Opinion (ICT-MMMO) corpus. Next, we concentrate on cross-domain analysis by using a large corpus of written movie reviews for training. Finally, we explore the application of on-line knowledge sources for inferring the speaker’s sentiment. Our experimental results indicate that training on written movie reviews is a promising alternative to exclusively using (spoken) in-domain data for building a system that analyses spoken movie review videos and that language-independent audiovisual analysis can compete with linguistic
CALL FOR PAPERS NextGen Sequencing Technology-based Dissection of Physiological Systems Characterization of genome-wide transcriptional changes in liver and adipose tissues of ZDF (fa/fa) rats fed R--lipoic acid by next-generation sequencing

Pashaj A, Yi X, Xia M, Canny S, Riethoven JJM, Moreau R. Characterization of genome-wide transcriptional changes in liver and adipose tissues of ZDF (fa/fa) rats fed R-lipoic acid by next-generation sequencing. Physiol Genomics 45: 1136–1143, 2013. First published October 8, 2013; doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00138. 2013. —We report on the characterization of lipogenic tissue transcriptional networks that support physiological responses of obese rats to a lipid-lowering bioactive food compound, R-lipoic acid (LA). Nine-week-old male Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa) rats were fed a chow diet supplemented with 3 g LA per kg diet or pair fed for 2 wk. At the end of the trial, high-quality RNA was extracted from the liver and epididymal fat and subjected to transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq technology. Results showed a substantially higher number of differentially expressed genes [DEG, false discovery rate adjusted P 0.05 and absolute log2 (fold change) 1] in the liver (110 genes) vs. epididymal fat (10 genes). Most epididymal fat DEG were also differentially expressed in liver and shared directionality of change. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of these transcripts revealed significant enrichment of GO categories related to immune response, stress response, lipid metabolism, and carboxylic acid metabolic processes. Of interest, interferonrelated genes involved in defense against microorganisms and innate immune response were induced by LA. Lipid metabolism-related transcript changes observed in LA-fed animals included downregulation of lipogenic genes (Pnpla3, Pnpla5, Elovl6, Acly, Gpam, and Aacs) and concomitant upregulation of short-, medium-, and longchain fatty acid metabolic processes (Acot1, Acot2, Acsf2, and Crat). Transcriptional changes were accompanied by the lowering of abdominal adiposity and blood triacylglycerol levels. We conclude that LA dietary supplementation induces prominent gene expression changes in liver in support of significant improvement of whole-body lipid status.
Joint Device Positioning and Clock Synchronization in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks

In this paper, we address the prospects and key enabling technologies for highly efficient and accurate device positioning and tracking in fifth generation (5G) radio access networks. Building on the premises of ultra-dense networks as well as on the adoption of multicarrier waveforms and antenna arrays in the access nodes (ANs), we first formulate extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based solutions for computationally efficient joint estimation and tracking of the time of arrival (ToA) and direction of arrival (DoA) of the user nodes (UNs) using uplink reference signals. Then, a second EKF stage is proposed in order to fuse the individual DoA and ToA estimates from one or several ANs into a UN position estimate. Since all the processing takes place at the network side, the computing complexity and energy consumption at the UN side are kept to a minimum. The cascaded EKFs proposed in this article also take into account the unavoidable relative clock offsets between UNs and ANs, such that reliable clock synchronization of the access-link is obtained as a valuable by-product. The proposed cascaded EKF scheme is then revised and extended to more general and challenging scenarios where not only the UNs have clock offsets against the network time, but also the ANs themselves are not mutually synchronized in time. Finally, comprehensive performance evaluations of the proposed solutions on a realistic 5G network setup, building on the METIS project based outdoor Madrid map model together with complete ray tracing based propagation modeling, are provided. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that by using the developed methods, sub-meter scale positioning and tracking accuracy of moving devices is indeed technically feasible in future 5G radio access networks operating at sub-6 GHz frequencies, despite the realistic assumptions related to clock offsets and potentially even under unsynchronized network elements.
AN EXTENDIBLE APPROACH FOR ANALYSING FIXED PRIORITY HARD REAL-TIME TASKS

As the real-time computing industry moves away from static cyclic executive-based scheduling towards more flexible process-based scheduling, so it is important for current scheduling analysis techniques to advance and to address more realistic application areas. This paper extends the current analysis a sociated with static priority pre-emptive based scheduling; in particular it derives analysis for tasks with arbitrary deadlines that may suffer release jitter due to being dispatched by a tick driven scheduler. We also consider bursty sporadic activities, where tasks arrive sporadically but then execute periodically for some bounded time. The paper illustrates how a window-based analysis technique can be used to find the worst-case response time of a task set, and shows that the technique can be asily extended to cope with realistic and complex task characteristics.
Impact of Louisiana’s HPV Vaccine Awareness Policy on HPV Vaccination Among 13- to 17-Year-Old Females

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends routine human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization for 11- to 12-year-old adolescents. In 2008, Louisiana required the school boards to distribute HPV vaccine information to parents or guardian of students in Grades 6 to 12. This article investigates the impact of this policy on HPV vaccination among 13- to 17-year-old female adolescents using National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) data. Drawing on the data from the 2008 to 2012 NIS-Teen, we compared the difference in proportions of females who have been vaccinated before and after the policy. Using difference-indifference estimation, we explored the change in vaccination rates before and after the policy implementation in Louisiana compared with Alabama and Mississippi, two states that did not have such a policy in place. The difference-in-differences estimates for HPV vaccination were not significant. Physician recommendation for HPV vaccination was significantly associated with vaccination among females in Louisiana and Alabama (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.74; 95% confidence interval [CI; 5.22, 11.5]), and for those in Louisiana and Mississippi (aOR = 7.05; 95% CI [4.6, 10.5]). Compared to the proportion of female adolescents who had received physician recommendation in Alabama or Mississippi, the proportion in Louisiana did not increase significantly in the postpolicy period. HPV vaccination rates did not increase significantly in Louisiana compared to Alabama or Mississippi following the implementation of the policy. Despite Louisiana’s policy, physician recommendation remains the key determinant of HPV vaccination. HPV vaccine awareness does not necessarily result in HPV vaccination.
Intimate Partner Violence and the Victim-Offender Overlap

Objectives: Examine the prevalence and correlates of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and offending, as well as the overlap of these experiences. Method: Data from wave 4 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health were analyzed to examine IPV among adults ages 24 to 33. A multinomial logistic regression model was estimated to determine whether the correlates of IPV vary across victims, perpetrators, and victim-perpetrators. Results: Approximately 20% of respondents reported some IPV involvement in the past year, one-third of whom reported victimization and perpetration. The victim-offender overlap was observed for males and females across various measures of IPV. Bivariate correlations suggest victimization and perpetration have common correlates. Multivariate analysis, however, reveals considerable differences once we distinguish between victims, offenders, and victim-offenders and control for other variables. Perpetrators and victim-perpetrators were more likely to live with a nonspouse partner; feel isolated; display negative temperaments; and report substance use problems. “Victims only” were more likely to live with children and have lower household incomes. Conclusions: The victim-offender overlap exists for IPV across a variety of measures. Though perpetrators and victim-perpetrators have similar characteristics, those who are victims only appear distinctly different. We discuss the implications for theory, policy, and research.
Business models in technology-based firms: A cognitive approach to regional differences

The business model concept has only recently been discussed in the research literature. Some authors have pointed out that it is a second-order construct and have examined its theoretical underpinnings as a cognitive mechanism for opportunity perception and identification, using it as a tool to systematically approach the analysis of the beliefs and decisions that entrepreneurs use in building their businesses. We present a theoretical model that contributes to this prior work in three respects: a) it is explicitly applied to the analysis of technology-based firms, b) it identifies key regional factors that differentiate the entrepreneurial context in different parts of the world, and c) it portrays the relationship these regional factors have to different elements of business models in technology-based firms. We combine the cognitive role of business models with a regional context view in order to analyze the structure and process by which entrepreneurs focus on or ignore different aspects of a business model at different times. To illustrate the our model we provide case data to illustrate how entrepreneurs from two different regions — Western Mexico (Jalisco) and Western Canada (British Columbia) — use and rely on different elements of business models, and to exemplify how differences in the cultural, technological and industry context of our case study firms influence different elements of the business model.
Feature Selection Based on Mutual Information for Language Recognition

The prevailing system for language recognition is the parallel phoneme recognition followed by vector space modeling (PPRVSM), which uses a vector space model to describe the cooccurrence information of phones. As the super-vectors are composed of phonetic N-Grams, so for high dimension vectors, there is a problem that the number of N-Grams grows exponentially as the order N increases, which will result in data sparseness. In this paper, we propose a feature selection algorithm to solve this problem, which uses the maximum relevance criteria based on mutual information to select the most discriminative N-Grams to identify languages. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated on the NIST 2005 language recognition 30-second task. And we achieve 4.81% in terms of equalerrorrate (EER). Keywords-language recognition; PPRVSM; feature selection; mutual information
Beta-carotene inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in human gastric epithelial AGS cells.

UNLABELLED Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-associated gastric ulceration and carcinogenesis. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are involved in H. pylori-induced gastric diseases. Previously we demonstrated that H. pylori in Korean isolates induced the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and oxidant-sensitive transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 which mediates the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in gastric epithelial AGS cells. beta-Carotene shows antioxidant activity and inhibits NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in various cells. Present study aims to investigate whether beta-carotene inhibits H. pylori-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 by suppressing the activation of MAPK, NF-kappaB, and AP-1 in gastric epithelial AGS cells. HP99 (H. pylori in Korean isolates) was added to AGS cells at the ratio of bacterium/cell, 300/1. beta-carotene inhibited H. pylori-induced increase in ROS level, the activation of MAPK (p38, the c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinases, the extracellular signal-regulated kinases), NF-kappaB, and AP-1 and the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in AGS cells. CONCLUSION beta-carotene inhibits oxidant-mediated activation of inflammatory signaling and suppresses the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in gastric epithelial AGS cells infected with H. pylori.
Exploring persons’ experiences of keeping in touch with loved ones who have died

This descriptive, exploratory study framed within Parse’s theory of humanbecoming, addressed the research question: What is the meaning of persons’ experiences of keeping in touch with their loved ones who have died. Seven persons described their experiences of keeping in touch with their loved ones who had died. Study themes in the language of the participants were treasured events and signs give rise to lasting comfort while constant yet changing bonds come with turmoil and tranquility amid unfolding strength and confidence. Interpreted in the language of the researcher, study findings were written as cherished ciphers and occurrences engender solace as enduring-shifting ties abide with ease unease amid fortifying expansion. Study themes were linked primarily with theoretical concepts of valuing imaging, connectingseparating, and transforming. Findings were discussed in light of relevant literature, and possibilities for nursing practice, education, policy, and further research were offered.
Musculoskeletal Pain and Vitamin D Deficiency in Children: A Pilot Follow-up Study of Vitamin D Therapy in Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Conditions.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pediatric populations is high. In the present study we analyzed associations between vitamin D therapy and pain, mobility, fatigue, and daily functioning in children with musculoskeletal/orthopedic conditions suffering from chronic and recurrent pain, but also diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS Children with different musculoskeletal/orthopedic conditions and vitamin D deficiency were prescribed to receive vitamin D over 6 months. Thirty-five children (18 males; age 10.48 ± 3.87 years) completed a 6-month follow-up. Self- and parent/proxy rating scales were used to evaluate pain, movement, fatigue, and daily functioning. RESULTS At a six-month follow-up assessment involving child- and parent-reported scores, worst pain intensity significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.03) after vitamin D therapy, as well as functioning problems related to pain (p ≤ 0.01). The children reported better movement and balance with less fatigue. The parents reported better functioning in everyday activities of their children. CONCLUSION This pilot study showed that vitamin D therapy possibly reduces pain intensity and improves mobility and daily functioning in children with musculoskeletal/orthopedic disorders, chronic recurrent pain, and vitamin D deficiency. Further follow-up and randomized studies are required in order to assess the validity of clinical recommendations.