Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Moderate Fat Diet With and Without Avocados on Lipoprotein Particle Number, Size and Subclasses in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Background Avocados are a nutrient‐dense source of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) that can be used to replace saturated fatty acids (SFA) in a diet to lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). Well‐controlled studies are lacking on the effect of avocado consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods and Results A randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial was conducted with 45 overweight or obese participants with baseline LDL‐C in the 25th to 90th percentile. Three cholesterol‐lowering diets (6% to 7% SFA) were fed (5 weeks each): a lower‐fat diet (LF: 24% fat); 2 moderate‐fat diets (34% fat) provided similar foods and were matched for macronutrients and fatty acids: the avocado diet (AV) included one fresh Hass avocado (136 g) per day, and the moderate‐fat diet (MF) mainly used high oleic acid oils to match the fatty acid content of one avocado. Compared with baseline, the reduction in LDL‐C and non‐high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol on the AV diet (−13.5 mg/dL, −14.6 mg/dL) was greater (P<0.05) than the MF (−8.3 mg/dL, −8.7 mg/dL) and LF (−7.4 mg/dL, −4.8 mg/dL) diets. Furthermore, only the AV diet significantly decreased LDL particle number (LDL‐P, −80.1 nmol/L, P=0.0001), small dense LDL cholesterol (LDL3+4, −4.1 mg/dL, P=0.04), and the ratio of LDL/HDL (−6.6%, P<0.0001) from baseline. Conclusions Inclusion of one avocado per day as part of a moderate‐fat, cholesterol‐lowering diet has additional LDL‐C, LDL‐P, and non‐HDL‐C lowering effects, especially for small, dense LDL. Our results demonstrate that avocados have beneficial effects on cardio‐metabolic risk factors that extend beyond their heart‐healthy fatty acid profile. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01235832.
Super-resolution technique for thermography with dual-camera system

We propose the use of a super-resolution (SR) technique for thermographies. This system captures several thermal images for a reconstruction-based SR. However, it does not require the subpixel registration required by conventional SRs. In this system, a pair of a low-resolution thermal image and a high-resolution visible image is captured synchronously. While the thermal images are used as source data for SR, the visible images are used for pixel registrations. Because the resolution of the visible images from CCD sensors is over 4 times higher than that of the thermal images, a simple pixel registration on the former is equivalent to a precise subpixel registration on the latter. Thus, we can reconstruct a high quality thermogram, without the need for a complex subpixel registration technique. Experimental results demonstrate that a pair of a thermographic camera with only 8×8 pixels and a visible CCD camera with 320 × 240 pixels generates a thermogram with 32 × 32 pixels. This fact means that a pair of a low cost thermographic camera and a standard CCD camera provides high-quality thermography.
A Stereotypes-Based Hybrid Recommender System for Media Items

Many Recommender Systems use either Collaborative Filtering (CF) or Content-Based (CB) techniques to receive recommendations for products. Both approaches have advantages and weaknesses. Combining the two approaches together can overcome most weaknesses. However, most hybrid systems combine the two methods in an ad-hoc manner. In this paper we present an hybrid approach for recommendations, where a user proﬁle is a weighted combination of user stereotypes, created automatically through a clustering process. Each stereotype is deﬁned by an ontology of item attributes. Our approach provides good recommendations for items that were rated in the past and is also able to handle new items that were never observed by the system. Our algorithm is implemented in a commercial system for recommending media items. The system is envisioned to function as personalized media (audio, video, print) service within mobile phones, online media portals, sling boxes, etc. It is currently under development within Deutsche Telekom Laboratories - Innovations of Integrated Communication projects.
GABAAR traf fi cking and synaptic inhibition in a mouse model of Huntington ' s disease

a r t i c l e i n f o Growing evidence suggests that Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative movement disorder caused by the mutant huntingtin (htt) with an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat, is associated with the altered intracellular trafficking and synaptic function. GABA A receptors, the key determinant of the strength of synaptic inhibition, have been found to bind to the huntingtin associated protein 1 (HAP1). HAP1 serves as an adaptor linking GABA A receptors to the kinesin family motor protein 5 (KIF5), controlling the transport of GABA A receptors along microtubules in dendrites. In this study, we found that GABA A R-mediated synaptic transmission is significantly impaired in a transgenic mouse model of HD expressing polyQ-htt, which is accompanied by the diminished surface expression of GABA A receptors. Moreover, the GABA A R/HAP1/KIF5 complex is disrupted and dissociated from microtubules in the HD mouse model. These results suggest that GABA A R trafficking and function is impaired in HD, presumably due to the interference of KIF5-mediated microtubule-based transport of GABA A receptors. The diminished inhibitory synaptic efficacy could contribute to the loss of the excitatory/inhibitory balance, leading to increased neuronal excitotoxicity in HD. Introduction Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurological disorder characterized by uncontrolled movements, which is associated with the dysfunction and eventually degeneration of striatal medium spiny The GABAergic MSNs account for >90% neuronal population in the stri-atum, a key area in basal ganglia whose main function is the movement control. Genetic studies have found that HD is caused by an abnormally elongated polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the large protein huntingtin (htt, Mangiarini et al., 1996), however, both the normal function of htt in neurons and the molecular mechanism by which the expanded polyQ sequence in htt causes selective neurodegeneration remain elusive. In addition to roles in regulating apoptosis and transcription (Ross, 2002), polyQ-htt may in part mediate its neurotoxic action in HD by altering neuronal membrane trafficking and synaptic function (Fan and Raymond, 2007; Smith et al., 2005). Several htt-interacting proteins implicated in intracellular transport have been identified (Harjes and Wanker, 2003), one of which is huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) (Li et al., 1995). HAP1 interacts more tightly with polyQ-htt than wild-type htt (Li et al., 1995), and may act as a key mediator of pathological alterations in membrane trafficking by mutant htt Growing evidence suggests that mutant huntingtin impairs the HAP1/motor-dependent anterograde or …
Multiview Spectral Clustering via Structured Low-Rank Matrix Factorization

Multiview data clustering attracts more attention than their single-view counterparts due to the fact that leveraging multiple independent and complementary information from multiview feature spaces outperforms the single one. Multiview spectral clustering aims at yielding the data partition agreement over their local manifold structures by seeking eigenvalue–eigenvector decompositions. Among all the methods, low-rank representation (LRR) is effective, by exploring the multiview consensus structures beyond the low rankness to boost the clustering performance. However, as we observed, such classical paradigm still suffers from the following stand-out limitations for multiview spectral clustering of overlooking the flexible local manifold structure, caused by aggressively enforcing the low-rank data correlation agreement among all views, and such a strategy, therefore, cannot achieve the satisfied between-views agreement; worse still, LRR is not intuitively flexible to capture the latent data clustering structures. In this paper, first, we present the structured LRR by factorizing into the latent low-dimensional data-cluster representations, which characterize the data clustering structure for each view. Upon such representation, second, the Laplacian regularizer is imposed to be capable of preserving the flexible local manifold structure for each view. Third, we present an iterative multiview agreement strategy by minimizing the divergence objective among all factorized latent data-cluster representations during each iteration of optimization process, where such latent representation from each view serves to regulate those from other views, and such an intuitive process iteratively coordinates all views to be agreeable. Fourth, we remark that such data-cluster representation can flexibly encode the data clustering structure from any view with an adaptive input cluster number. To this end, finally, a novel nonconvex objective function is proposed via the efficient alternating minimization strategy. The complexity analysis is also presented. The extensive experiments conducted against the real-world multiview data sets demonstrate the superiority over the state of the arts.
Effects of reversible inactivation of the dorsal hippocampus on the behavioral and cardiovascular responses to an aversive conditioned context

In rats, conditioned fear to context causes freezing immobility and cardiovascular changes. The dorsal hippocampus (DH) has a critical role in several memory processes, including conditioning fear to contextual information. To explore a possible involvement of the DH in contextual fear conditioning-evoked cardiovascular (mean arterial pressure and heart rate increases) and behavioral (freezing) responses, DH synaptic transmission was temporarily inhibited by bilateral microinjections of 500 nl of the nonselective synapse blocker, cobalt chloride (CoCl2, 1 mmol/l), at different periods of the experimental procedure. During re-exposure to the foot shock chamber in which conditioning had taken place, bilateral DH inhibition 10 min before the conditioning session had no effect on either behavioral or cardiovascular responses. Bilateral DH inhibition immediately after the conditioning session (10 min) decreased both behavioral and cardiovascular responses during the context test. Finally, 48 h after the conditioning session, bilateral DH inhibition 10 min before re-exposure to the foot shock chamber significantly reduced cardiovascular responses but not freezing responses. These results suggest that contextual fear conditioning acquisition does not depend on the DH. This structure, however, is crucial for the consolidation of contextual fear. Moreover, although the DH appears to be less important for the behavioral (freezing) changes induced by re-exposure to the aversive conditioned context, it may play an important role on the cardiovascular responses generated by this model.
Allosteric Regulation of Fibronectin/α5β1 Interaction by Fibronectin-Binding MSCRAMMs

Adherence of microbes to host tissues is a hallmark of infectious disease and is often mediated by a class of adhesins termed MSCRAMMs (Microbial Surface Components Recognizing Adhesive Matrix Molecules). Numerous pathogens express MSCRAMMs that specifically bind the heterodimeric human glycoprotein fibronectin (Fn). In addition to roles in adhesion, Fn-binding MSCRAMMs exploit physiological Fn functions. For example, several pathogens can invade host cells by a mechanism whereby MSCRAMM-bound Fn bridges interaction with α5β1 integrin. Here, we investigate two Fn-binding MSCRAMMs, FnBPA (Staphylococcus aureus) and BBK32 (Borrelia burgdorferi) to probe structure-activity relationships of MSCRAMM-induced Fn/α5β1integrin activation. Circular dichroism, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and dynamic light scattering techniques uncover a conformational rearrangement of Fn involving domains distant from the MSCRAMM binding site. Surface plasmon resonance experiments demonstrate a significant enhancement of Fn/α5β1 integrin affinity in the presence of FnBPA or BBK32. Detailed kinetic analysis of these interactions reveal that this change in affinity can be attributed solely to an increase in the initial Fn/α5β1 on-rate and that this rate-enhancement is dependent on high-affinity Fn-binding by MSCRAMMs. These data implicate MSCRAMM-induced perturbation of specific intramolecular contacts within the Fn heterodimer resulting in activation by exposing previously cryptic α5β1 interaction motifs. By correlating structural changes in Fn to a direct measurement of increased Fn/α5β1 affinity, this work significantly advances our understanding of the structural basis for the modulation of integrin function by Fn-binding MSCRAMMs.
If-conditionals as modal colligations : a corpus-based investigation

This paper examines the case for treating if-conditionals as strong attractors of modality. A stronger claim to be examined is that if-conditionals, and if-constructions in general, can be seen as modal colligations. The main research questions are: • Do if-conditionals contain a statistically significant higher frequency of modal expressions than average? • Do if-conditionals show a statistically significant higher frequency of modal expressions compared to non-conditional if-constructions? This examination is theoretically informed by three compatible notions: grammatical construction, colligation, and semantic preference. A grammatical construction is a “syntactic pattern which is assigned one or more conventional functions” (Fillmore, 1988: 36). Colligation was initially defined as the co-occurrence of grammatical categories (Firth, 1968: 181), and has recently been adapted to refer to the co-occurrence of lexis and grammatical categories (e.g. Hoey, 1997: 8). Semantic preference is the “relation between a lemma or word-form and a set of semantically related words. ” (Stubbs, 2002: 65). These notions can combine and expand into the notion of semantic colligation: the mutual attraction holding between a grammatical construction (in this case, if-conditionals - see Fillmore, 1986) and a semantic category (in this case, modality - hence modal colligation). The claim is tested through keyword comparisons of un-annotated corpora: a sample of 1,000 if-constructions from the written BNC, the written BNC Sampler, FLOB, all the if-sentences from the written BNC, and the non-conditional if-sentences from the sample. Further tests involve frequency comparisons of specific modal words between the manually annotated sample and the annotated versions of BNC, BNC Sampler and FLOB, as well as a collocational analysis of if in the written BNC. The paper will also comment on methodological issues arising from the keyword analysis, as well as issues pertaining to corpus annotation, quantitative analysis, the nature of if-conditionals, and the role of if.
Effects of Unconscious Processing on Implicit Memory for Fearful Faces

Emotional stimuli can be processed even when participants perceive them without conscious awareness, but the extent to which unconsciously processed emotional stimuli influence implicit memory after short and long delays is not fully understood. We addressed this issue by measuring a subliminal affective priming effect in Experiment 1 and a long-term priming effect in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, a flashed fearful or neutral face masked by a scrambled face was presented three times, then a target face (either fearful or neutral) was presented and participants were asked to make a fearful/neutral judgment. We found that, relative to a neutral prime face (neutral–fear face), a fearful prime face speeded up participants' reaction to a fearful target (fear–fear face), when they were not aware of the masked prime face. But this response pattern did not apply to the neutral target. In Experiment 2, participants were first presented with a masked faces six times during encoding. Three minutes later, they were asked to make a fearful/neutral judgment for the same face with congruent expression, the same face with incongruent expression or a new face. Participants showed a significant priming effect for the fearful faces but not for the neutral faces, regardless of their awareness of the masked faces during encoding. These results provided evidence that unconsciously processed stimuli could enhance emotional memory after both short and long delays. It indicates that emotion can enhance memory processing whether the stimuli are encoded consciously or unconsciously.
Comparisons of forecasting for hepatitis in Guangxi Province, China by using three neural networks models

This study compares and evaluates the prediction of hepatitis in Guangxi Province, China by using back propagation neural networks based genetic algorithm (BPNN-GA), generalized regression neural networks (GRNN), and wavelet neural networks (WNN). In order to compare the results of forecasting, the data obtained from 2004 to 2013 and 2014 were used as modeling and forecasting samples, respectively. The results show that when the small data set of hepatitis has seasonal fluctuation, the prediction result by BPNN-GA will be better than the two other methods. The WNN method is suitable for predicting the large data set of hepatitis that has seasonal fluctuation and the same for the GRNN method when the data increases steadily.
From Technical Dependencies to Social Dependencies

This paper describes Ariadne, a Java tool for the Eclipse IDE, that links technical and social dependencies. Ariadne is based on the observation that technical dependencies among software components create social dependencies among the software developers implementing these components. We describe our approach for creating technical, socio-technical and social dependencies from a software project. We describe possible uses of our approach and tool as well as discuss briefly related work.
Tietze-type theorem in 2-dimensional Riemannian manifolds without conjugate points

Let A be an open connected subset of a C 1 complete simply connected 2-dimensional Riemannian manifold without conjugate points W 2 . The main result of this short article states that: a point x of A has a local maximal visibility if and only if x is a point of the convex kernel of A. Thus we obtain a Tietze-type theorem in W 2 .
Rapid Prototyping over IEEE 802.11

This paper introduces Prawn, a tool for prototyping communication protocols over IEEE 802.11 networks. Prawn allows researchers to conduct both functional assessment and performance evaluation as an inherent part of the protocol design process. Since Prawn runs on real IEEE 802.11 nodes, prototypes can be evaluated and adjusted under realistic conditions. Once the prototype has been extensively tested and thoroughly validated, and its functional design tuned accordingly, it is then ready for implementation. Prawn facilitates prototype development by providing: (i) a set of building blocks that implement common functions needed by a wide range of wireless protocols (e.g., neighbor discovery, link quality assessment, message transmission and reception), and (ii) an API that allows protocol designers to access Prawn primitives. We show through a number of case studies how Prawn supports prototyping as part of protocol design and, as a result of enabling deployment and testing under real-world scenarios, how Prawn provides useful feedback on protocol operation and performance.
Shame And Negative Body Image In Adolescent Females

Current research in the fields of shame, body image, and adolescent female weight has had little convergence until recently. Biological changes that occur during adolescence, particularly weight gain for females, may result in feelings of shame. Shame is an involuntary reaction to the belief that the self is inherently flawed. Body image begins to form in early childhood, and "is a multidimensional construct that refers to subjective perceptual and altitudinal experiences about one's body, particularly one's physical appearance" (Cash, Melnyk, & Hrabosky, 2004, p.305). Body image may be negatively impacted when the adolescent female's belief that her actual body is at odds with her internalized body ideal. This study examined body image and shame of average weight and obese adolescent females. Eighty females from northwest high schools and church youth groups were administered The Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (Mendelson, White, & Mendelson, 1 997), the Thurston Cradock Test of Shame (TCT) (Thurston & Cradock, 1998), and were assessed for weight according to the Body Mass Index (Wilson and Jeffrey's study as cited in Hersen & Bellack, 1 988). Participants also filled out a demographic questionnaire. Adolescent Females IV Participants were randomly assigned to one of two TCT presentation conditions. Half of the participants were given the revised card six (an obese child being punished) and the other half were given the original card six (a non-obese child being punished) . Shame, as measured by the TCT, did not have a significant relationship with the participants' BMI or the participants' Body Esteem Scale (BES)-appearance (subscale) rating, neither did the resolution scores of the TCT cards. The only significant differences were revealed between testing locations (private high schools, public high schools, or church youth group). Future research may benefit from revising this study. Location differences indicate focus on matching the selection sample by either testing at all public high schools, all private high schools, or all youth groups may limit sample variance. A clinical interview that includes history of environmental influences (home, school, peers, media, etc.) which have contributed to how the individual's body image developed is also worth considering for future research. Adolescent Females v Table of
Sleepwalk: Scalable and Energy-Efficient Processing of Continuous Range Queries for Location-Aware Mobile Computing

Recently, monitoring queries are getting attention for various real-life applications such as safety, security, and personalization services. This work proposes a distributed sensing and monitoring technique (called Sleepwalk) for continuous range queries with energy- and computation-efficient optimizations. In our scheme, each mobile client (MC) is aware of its nearby monitoring queries by leveraging its processing power. The proposed Sleepwalk has three major contributions. First, with piecewise linear movement assumption and motion vector v ̅ , it can locally preevaluate every possible query result in advance in bulk and sends them to the server at once. We also provide a timestamp-based invalidation technique for efficiently removing failed preevaluated results by computing the smallest valid timestamp. Second, an energy-conserving technique that repeatedly sleeps off MCs whenever possible is proposed by calculating the safely sleepable time. Third, we provide a set of localized query optimization techniques for MCs' local query subset using plane-sweeping, which effectively minimize search space. Extensive experiments indicate that Sleepwalk technique remarkably outperforms existing state-of-the-art techniques in terms of server scalability, communication cost, and energy consumption of MCs.
Preparing Professionals for Educational Partnerships : An Interdisciplinary Approach

An interdisciplinary course was developed in the Graduate School of Education at the University of Utah, team taught by faculty members from the Departments of Educational Administration, Educational Psychology, Educational Studies, and Special Education. This unique course was designed to provide prospective teachers, special educators, school psychologists, counselors, and administrators insights into conceptual and practical components of collaborative problem solving and conflict management. This article describes the initial development and implementation, as well as content, activities, assignments, and evaluation procedures of this course.