Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of User-Visible Errors to Improve Fault Detection in Web-based Applications

Web-based applications are one of the most widely used types of software and have become the backbone of the e-commerce and communications businesses. These applications are often missioncritical for many organizations, but they generally suffer from low customer loyalty and approval. Although such concerns would normally motivate the need for highly reliable and well-tested systems, web-based applications are subject to further constraints in their development lifecycles that often preclude complete testing. To address these constraints, this research will explore user-visible web-based application errors in the context of web-based application fault detection and classification. The main thesis of this research is that web-based application errors have special properties that can be exploited to improve the current state of web application fault detection, testing, and development. This proposed research will result in precise, automated approaches to the testing of web-based applications that reduce the cost of such testing, making its adoption more feasible for developers. Additionally, I propose to construct a model of user-visible web application fault severity, backed by a human study, to validate or refute the current underlying assumption of fault severity uniformity in defect seeding for this domain, propose software engineering guidelines to avoid high severity faults, and facilitate testing techniques in find high-severity faults. Studying fault severities from the customer perspective is a novel contribution to the web application testing field. This research will approach testing web-based applications by recognizing that errors in web applications can be successfully modeled due to the tree-structured nature of XML/HTML output, that unrelated web applications fail in similar ways, and that these failures can be modeled according to their customer-perceived severities, with the ultimate goal of improving the current state of web application testing and development.
Interobserver Variation in the Diagnosis of Gastric Epithelial Dysplasia and Carcinoma between Two Pathologists in Japan and Korea

Although the biological potential of gastric epithelial dysplasia (GED) as a precursor of gastric cancer has never been in doubt, the classification of these lesions has been controversial and fraught with marked variations in approach to diagnosis across the world. The complexity of cyto-architectural features has been considered to be of paramount importance for the diagnosis of carcinoma in Japan, while breach of the basement membrane and invasion into the lamina propria has been considered the sine qua non of malignancy and hence a pre-requisite for the diagnosis of cancer in the West. In Korea, although the incidence of gastric cancer is similar to Japan, the diagnostic approach to GED or cancer seems to lie midway between Western and Japanese criteria. In this review, we will discuss the difference in the diagnosis of GED and cancer between two pathologists working in the comprehensive cancer center located in Japan and Korea, one of the most prevalent areas in the world for gastric cancer.
Tire force estimation for a passenger vehicle with the Unscented Kalman Filter

A robust method to estimate tire forces for a passenger vehicle with the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is provided. Only standard vehicle sensors were used and no a priori knowledge of tire and road properties was required. The estimator uses the bicycle model and a random walk tire force model. The tire force estimates were compared to a CarSim reference model for combined slip maneuvers. The results showed a good overall tracking performance of the estimator. In addition, the UKF-estimator demonstrated a high convergence rate and good stability properties. The performed robustness studies showed that the estimator performs well even in the presence of disturbances such as changes in tire-road friction. This method enables a cost-effective and robust implementation for future real time vehicle applications.
Deterministic annealing EM algorithm for developing TTS system in Gujarati

The generalized statistical framework of Hidden Markov Model (HMM) has been successfully applied from the field of speech recognition to speech synthesis. In this work, we have applied HMM-based Speech Synthesis System (HTS) method to Gujarati language. Adaption and evaluation of HTS for Gujarati language has been done here. Evaluation of HTS system built using Gujarati data is done in terms of naturalness and speech intelligibility. Apart from this, a conventional EM algorithm-based HTS and recently proposed Deterministic Annealing EM algorithm-based HTS has been applied to Gujarati (a low resourced language) and it's relative comparison has been done. It has been found that HTS in Gujarati has very high intelligibility. It was verified from AB-test that 70.5 % times DAEM-based HTS has preferred over EM-based HTS developed for Gujarati language.
>21% Efficient Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells on n- and p-Type Wafers Compared

The properties and high-efficiency potential of front- and rear-emitter silicon heterojunction solar cells on n- and p-type wafers were experimentally investigated. In the low-carrier-injection range, cells on p-type wafers suffer from reduced minority carrier lifetime, mainly due to the asymmetry in interface defect capture cross sections. This leads to slightly lower fill factors than for n-type cells. By using high-quality passivation layers, however, these losses can be minimized. High open-circuit voltages (Vocs) were obtained on both types of float zone (FZ) wafers: up to 735 mV on n-type and 726 mV on p-type. The best Voc measured on Czochralski (CZ) p-type wafers was only 692 mV, whereas it reached 732 mV on CZ n-type. The highest aperture-area certified efficiencies obtained on 4 cm2 cells were 22.14% (Voc = 727 mV , FF = 78.4%) and 21.38% (Voc = 722 mV, FF = 77.1%) on n- and p-type FZ wafers, respectively, proving that heterojunction schemes can perform almost as well on high-quality p-type as on n-type wafers. To our knowledge, this is the highest efficiency ever reported for a full silicon heterojunction solar cell on a p-type wafer, and the highest Voc on any p-type crystalline silicon device with reasonable FF.
Development of a functional model for the Nanoparticle-Organic Memory transistor

Emerging synapse-like nanoscale devices such as memristive devices and synaptic transistors are of great interest to inspire new circuits or systems and promise adaptability, high density and robustness. We reported recently the Nanoparticle-Organic Memory FET transistor (NOMFET), which exhibits interesting behaviors similar to a biological spiking synapse in neural network. A functional model of NOMFET is presented in this paper, which agrees well with the experimental results. It allows then the reliable conception and simulation of hybrid Nano/CMOS circuits. The model is developed in Verilog-A language and implemented on Cadence Virtuoso platform with Spectre 5.1. 41 simulator. An iterative physical model and a number of experimental parameters have been integrated to improve the simulation accuracy.
Mandelbrot and the Smile

It is a well-documented empirical fact that index option prices systematically differ from Black-Scholes prices. However, previous research provides inconclusive results whether the observed volatility smile could be explained by a discretetime dynamic model of stock returns with skewed, leptokurtic innovations. The improvements in pricing errors are particularly pronounced for out-of-the money put options, while the models partly underperform a Gaussian alternative for near-the-money options. Motivated by theses empirical evidence, I develop a new GARCH option-pricing model with a more flexible innovation structure. In an application of the model to DAX index options, I test the relative performance of the approach against a standard nested GARCH specification and the well-known practitioners Black-Scholes model. I show that the performance of the truncated Levy GARCH option pricing model is superior to existing approaches.
Molecular imaging in living subjects: seeing fundamental biological processes in a new light.

References http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/17/5/545.full. html#related-urls Article cited in: http://genesdev.cshlp. org/content/17/5/545.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 228 articles, 79 of which can be accessed free at: service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the Collections Topic (33 articles) Molecular Physiology and Metabolism  (98 articles) Cancer and Disease Models  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections
Progressive Point-Based Global Illumination

This paper proposes a progressive point-based global illumination algorithm to render complex scenes with limited time and memory. Our algorithm includes multi passes. The first pass is ray tracing, and the next passes are point cloud generating and point-based rendering passes. The point clouds are generating progressively, so that they can be generated as much as possible, without considering the limitation of the memory. With this method, we can find a proper size of point cloud. Then, we improve standard photon mapping with our progressive point-based global illumination. We progressively generate the point cloud storing indirect illumination computed by photon mapping and then render with point-based method. Our method costs less time than the standard photon mapping, it has higher quality and uses less memory than standard point-based global illumination.
Pyridine Nucleotide Homeostasis in Plant Development and Stress

The traditional role of pyridine nucleotides (PNs) – NAD(H) and NADP(H), as the key redox couples in the cytoplasm of all living cells is well known. The reversible conversion between oxidized and reduced forms of PNs does not affect the net levels of these molecules. Resynthesis of these metabolites arises due to their participation in signaling reactions. Recent discoveries in animal systems have shown that derivatives of PNs such as ADP-ribose, cyclic ADP-ribose, o-acetyl ADP-ribose, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate are important signaling molecules. Some of these metabolites are reported in plant responses to environmental perturbations. In animal systems it has been shown that derivatives of PNs are involved in at least three important post-translational modifications of proteins – poly(ADP)-ribosylation, mono(ADP) ribosylation and o-acetylation. Role of these modifications in plants are gaining increasing attention. Levels of these PNs in plant cells show considerable changes during various developmental stages indicating these molecules can serve as metabolic read out of cell fate. Recent studies in animal systems show that the redox state of PNs can serve as global metabolic regulators of gene expression. Arabidopsis mutants with altered PN levels show massive changes in gene expression further supporting the animal studies. Our understanding of the role of PNs in plants is only beginning. A systems biology approach will facilitate a thorough understanding of the versatility of these labile redox molecules in plant health and sickness.
Diminished Virulence of an Alpha-Toxin Mutant ofStaphylococcus aureus in Experimental Brain Abscesses

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major etiologic agents of brain abscesses in humans, occasionally leading to focal neurological deficits and even death. The objective of the present study was to identify key virulence determinants contributing to the pathogenesis of S. aureus in the brain using a murine brain abscess model. The importance of virulence factor production in disease development was demonstrated by the inability of heat-inactivated S. aureus to induce proinflammatory cytokine or chemokine expression or brain abscess formation in vivo. To directly address the contribution of virulence determinants in brain abscess development, the abilities of S. aureus strains with mutations in the global regulatory loci sarA andagr were examined. An S.aureus sarAagr double mutant exhibited reduced virulence in vivo, as demonstrated by attenuated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression and bacterial replication. Subsequent studies focused on the expression of factors that are altered in thesarA agr double mutant. Evaluation of an alpha-toxin mutant revealed a phenotype similar to that of the sarA agr mutant in vivo, as evidenced by lower bacterial burdens and attenuation of cytokine and chemokine expression in the brain. This suggested that alpha-toxin is a central virulence determinant in brain abscess development. Another virulence mechanism utilized by staphylococci is intracellular survival. Cells recovered from brain abscesses were shown to harbor S. aureusintracellularly, providing a means by which the organism may establish chronic infections in the brain. Together, these data identify alpha-toxin as a key virulence determinant for the survival ofS. aureus in the brain.
ERRATA: WILSON LOOP AND THE TREATMENT OF AXIAL GAUGE POLES

We consider the question of gauge invariance of the Wilson loop in the light of a new treatment of axial gauge propagator proposed recently based on a finite field-dependent BRS (FFBRS) transformation. We remark that under the FFBRS transformation as the vacuum expectation value of a gauge-invariant observable remains unchanged, our prescription automatically satisfies the Wilson loop criterion. Furthermore, we give an argument for direct verification of the invariance of Wilson loop to O(g4) using the earlier work by Cheng and Tsai. We also note that our prescription preserves the thermal Wilson loop to O(g2).
ARTHROSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS OF ELBOW DYSPLASIA

What is elbow dysplasia? “Elbow dysplasia” (ED) is a syndrome that includes several conditions resulting in an incongruency of the joint, eventually leading to degenerative joint disease (DJD). Elbow dysplasia is a common, inherited condition affecting 17% of Labrador retrievers, and up to 70% of Bernese Mountain dogs in the Netherlands. This high prevalence and the devastating effects of elbow DJD emphasize the need for early diagnosis, individualized treatment and preventive measures. In 1993, the International Elbow Working Group (IEWG) agreed that “elbow arthrosis caused by Fragmented Coronoid Process (FCP), osteochondrosis (OCD), Ununited Anconeal Process (UAP), articular cartilage anomaly and/or joint incongruity is the manifestation of inherited canine elbow dysplasia”.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by Saliency Based Content-aware Image Retargeting

Imaging technology is increasing very rapidly with the advent and development of digital image processing. Evolution and popularity of Internet and various display devices have further given an additive hand for this enrichment. Different display sizes and different resolutions of display devices have made image resizing with content preservation i.e. content-aware image resizing, a challenging task. Image Retargeting aims at resizing the image to a target aspect ratio. To enhance content-aware image retargeting, many techniques have been proposed till now, but it cannot be worked out with one single operator/method. Multi-operator approach is best suited and considered for resizing. This project aims at enhancing the quality of content-aware image retargeting approach by finding out saliency of each pixel while retargeting. Spatial domain is selected to achieve better results, as it works on each pixel.
Spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence analyses in the optical near‐field

By implementing a scanning near‐field optical microscope into the specimen chamber of a scanning electron microscope, cathodoluminescence can be locally detected in the optical near‐field. The achievable spatial resolution in this set‐up is only limited by the size of the aperture in a coated fibre probe and its separation from the sample, rather than by the energy dissipation volume of the primary electrons and diffusion processes of excess carriers inside the specimen. We demonstrate how electronically active defects in polycrystalline diamond can be distinguished and localized with sub‐wavelength lateral resolution by spectral filtering of the cathodoluminescence signal.
CE2016: Updated computer engineering curriculum guidelines

Joint ACM/IEEE Computer Society undergraduate computer engineering curriculum guidelines are slated for release in 2016. These update the 2004 guidelines commonly known as CE2004. The presenters are part of the task group leading the revisions and will give an overview of the latest draft. Participants will engage in discussions on potential improvements to the guidelines to ensure that they are useful to programs as they work to ensure their curricula reflect the state-of-the-art in computer engineering education and practice and are relevant for the coming decade.
An internet hotel accomodation business strategy based on online consumers' behaviour, thoughts and emotions

The purpose of this research was to present a straightforward and achievable online strategy in the form of a structured conceptual framework for hotel accommodation providers and practitioners that was extensive and holistic yet easy to understand and achievable. The basis of this framework was achieved through critical analysis of the literature around the online hotel accommodation process under two main headings (1) online hotel accommodation behaviour and (2) online hotel accommodation thoughts and emotions. Each of these main headings were examined under the influencing factors which were internal to the online process (the individual, search engines, third parties / social media and hotel accommodation websites) and external to the process (online access devices and device visual interaction). The data collected was extracted from the 100 individual in-depth observational interviews, the 3,107,281 individual online searches extracted from the online analytics of 18 different hotels over an 18 month period and the interviews of the managers of these 18 hotels. Analysis of the data reinforced the conceptual framework structure providing a standardised map of online hotel accommodation behavioural, thoughts and emotional process patterns. The analysis also revealed mismatches with current perceived norms. Mismatches noted between the requirements of online consumers and the online experience being presented prevent targeted personalisation and individualisation difficulties such as single individuals using multiple devices, multiple individual using single devices, complex multiple segments within single individuals and individual behavioural differences within a single travelling group. Other areas analysed with complex behavioural mismatches included travel stage behavioural differences and psychological advertisement blindness. The thesis culminates in the presentation of the conceptual framework structured on the internal and external factors, the process factors and the sub factors. All these factors and sub factors are correlated through the structure of the thesis, starting from the literature review going through to the research methodology, the data collection and analysis and ending with the recommendations and conclusions.
Demand for Beef and Chicken Products: Separability and Structural Change

Dynamic almost ideal demand systems are estimated for meat aggregates and for disaggregated meat products. Tests for weak separability show that consumers choose among meat products rather than meat aggregates such as "beef" or "chicken. " Therefore, tests for structural change in the meat aggregates may be biased. Tests for structural change in the meat products show an exogenous constant annual 6.4% growth in chicken parts demand from 1965 to 1985 and a 3.5% decline in beef table cut demand after 1974. Increased demand for convenience may explain these changes.
Harnessing the Potential of Constructive Develop-mental Pedagogy to Achieve Transformative Learning in Social Work Education

This project starts with the contention that social work education must challenge students to reframe their knowledge and assumptions to prepare them for working with oppressed groups and develop emancipatory practice. Using transformative learning theory, constructive developmental pedagogy and related approaches, it explored the extent to which students achieved transformative learning in the context of a communication skills module. The learning and teaching components were changed in three ways: by introducing critical reflection seminars; by encouraging students to discuss their assumptions about practice within lectures; and by making immediate use of student observations about their learning needs to reconstruct the pedagogy as the module progressed. Data were gathered using semi-structured questionnaires, a self-efficacy rating scale, and a focus group. The findings highlight problems in measuring and determining causality for transformative learning but indicate that for a majority of students transformative learning in relation to knowledge and assumptions occurred.
Neuropsychological impairments in unipolar depression: the influence of perceived failure on subsequent performance

Synopsis The CANTAB battery of neuropsychological tests was used to compare the performance of 28 patients with unipolar depression with that of 22 age and IQ matched controls. The patients were impaired on almost all tests studied with deficits in pattern and spatial recognition memory, matching to sample, spatial span, spatial working memory and planning. Most of the patients showed at least some impairment and deficits were seen across cognitive domains. An important finding was the detrimental effect of failure on subsequent performance; having solved one problem incorrectly, patients were far more likely than controls to fail the subsequent problem. Superimposed on the general deficits, there were also specific deficits in executive tasks characteristic of frontostriatal dysfunction and deficits in mnemonic tasks characteristic of temporal lobe dysfunction. This combination of a specific form of motivational deficit, resulting in oversensitivity to negative feedback, and superimposed specific neuropsychological deficits were correlated with severity of depression. The most significant correlations were seen between mnemonic deficits and clinical rating scores. Comparisons of the deficits seen in the depressed patients in this study with other patient groups assessed with the CANTAB neuropsychological battery, showed that one of the hypotheses of the neuropsychological deficits in depression, that of ‘frontosubcortical’ or ‘frontostriatal’ dysfunction, was not supported. These findings are discussed in relation to the likely neural substrates of depression.