Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
METAL CONTENT CORRELATION IN AGING AORTA †

The increase in the elastic constant I of the aortic media with age has been the basis for explaining a variety of long-range effects on hemodynamics and aortic destruction (1-:3). In part, the increased rigidity with age can be attributed to new tissue growth with an increase in the gel-to-fiber and collagen-to-elastin ratio, involving a relative loss of importance of the smooth muscle elements (4-6). It can be shown, however, that new tissue growth alone r-annot adequately explain the change in the value of the elastic constant per square millimeter of cross-section of the aorta (7); indeed, the extensive fracturing of elasticelements (8) would tend to diminish rather than increase this value. Moreover, the elastic constant is markedly salt-sensitive, and hyaluronidase can profoundly alter the response of both young and old aortas (7). Chemical investigations have furnished evidence of a change in the elastic qualities of individual fiber elements and ground substance as the aorta ages (9). In many samples of aorta taken from aged subjects, routine hematoxylineosin, Alizarin Red-S (10), and FeCla elastin stained (11) sections dearly demonstrate accumulation of calcium salts in the interfibrillar spaces, The Alizarin Red-S stain is, however, too sensitive to sodium and magnesium ions to yield a reliable estimate of calcium localization. Gross quantitative analysis, nevertheless, bears out the increase in calcium concentration in aging aortic tissue as in many other aging tissues (12-14). That accumulation of metals in the aorta might result in profound changes in mechanical properties, such as those noted by Bjorksten and Gottlieb (15), has suggested a variety of cross-linking reagents. This hypothesis has been attractive, particularly in view of the failure to find significant quantities of organic cr08Slinking reagents of the type utilized in the plastics industry (16). Significant increases in some organic substances accompany changes in elastic constant. Lansing et al. maintain that the chief components increasing in aged elastin are dicarboxylic amino acids (17). However, these results have not been eon firmed by Gortner (18) with gentler methods utilizing enzyme dissolution in the aging hog aorta. That it may take drastic hydrolysis to release amino acids from metal complexes would seem to make the suggestions of Lansing and associates entirely plausible. It is an attractive concept that, with continuous perfusion of the arterial wall by plasma ultrafiltrate, the dumb-hell shaped dicarboxylic amino acid molecules may pass more slowly through the tissue spaces than do mono-
Longitudinal movement of radioiodinated albumin within extravascular spaces of peripheral nerves following three systems of experimental trauma.

Radioiodinated serum albumin leaks with ease into the endoneurial spaces of chicken nerves following experimental lesions (Mellick and Cavanagh, 1967a). The subsequent fate of this protein is, at the moment, ill understood, particularly since there are no lymphatics in the endoneurial space (Zupnik, 1905; Defrise, 1930). This report is concerned with observations on the longitudinal movement of the leaked protein along the endoneurial spaces and is offered as an introduction to the larger problems of endoneurial flow and the functions of the perineurium that will be discussed more fully in another communication (Mellick and Cavanagh, 1967b).
Efficient Execution of Quantized Deep Learning Models: A Compiler Approach

A growing number of applications implement predictive functions using deep learning models, which require heavy use of compute and memory. One popular technique for increasing resource efficiency is 8-bit integer quantization, in which 32-bit floating point numbers (fp32) are represented using shorter 8-bit integer numbers. Although deep learning frameworks such as TensorFlow, TFLite, MXNet, and PyTorch enable developers to quantize models with only a small drop in accuracy, they are not well suited to execute quantized models on a variety of hardware platforms. For example, TFLite is optimized to run inference on ARM CPU edge devices but it does not have efficient support for Intel CPUs and Nvidia GPUs. In this paper, we address the challenges of executing quantized deep learning models on diverse hardware platforms by proposing an augmented compiler approach. A deep learning compiler such as Apache TVM can enable the efficient execution of model from various frameworks on various targets. Many deep learning compilers today, however, are designed primarily for fp32 computation and cannot optimize a pre-quantized INT8 model. To address this issue, we created a new dialect called Quantized Neural Network (QNN) that extends the compiler's internal representation with a quantization context. With this quantization context, the compiler can generate efficient code for pre-quantized models on various hardware platforms. As implemented in Apache TVM, we observe that the QNN-augmented deep learning compiler achieves speedups of 2.35x, 2.15x, 1.35x and 1.40x on Intel Xeon Cascade Lake CPUs, Nvidia Tesla T4 GPUs, ARM Raspberry Pi3 and Pi4 respectively against well optimized fp32 execution, and comparable performance to the state-of-the-art framework-specific solutions.
Accounting for Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure

Introduction - The economics of business exchange Part 1: Financial Records and External Reports Financial position 1 2. Types of financial transaction 3. Recording financial transactions - setting up and running an ice cream parlour / 4. Preparing the final accounts - the ice cream parlour continued / 5. Accounting for fixed assets / 6. Accounting for stocks / 7. Accounting for credit transactions / 8.Accounting for cash / 9. Accounting for employees / 10. Accounting for value added tax / 11. Accounting for multiple ownership / Integrative Case Study: The setting up of a Limited company hiring cars for tourists. Its first year of operations / Part 2: Financial Decisions and Internal Reports - 12. Costing a product or a service / Example: An hotel restaurant and rooms What prices should we charge? / 13. Marginal Costing and Contribution Theory / Examples: Pontllyn Holiday Camp, Holly Tours travel agents and Marine World developments / 14. Pricing a product or service / 15. Planning - the budgetary process / Example: A children's slide assembler / 16. Budgetary control - standard costing 17. Investment decisions / Example: Which type of coach should be purchased? / Integrative case study: A holiday village developer intends to build a holiday village in a European resort. What will be the full cost of the development? What price should be charged per type of accommodation? What are the anticipated revenues over the next 5 years from sales, leases, rents and time share agreements? With limits on finance, which type(s) of accommodation should not be built? After five years how has the development performed against the original plan? What went wrong? What needs to be done now? / Part 3: Financial Assessment and Analysis / 18. Assessment of profitability / 19. Assessment of operational efficiency / 20. Assessment of liquidity and vulnerability / Integrative assignment: background and financial reports of a travel company to be analysed under the above 3 criteria, and report prepared for a potential group of investors.
MBTree: Detecting Encryption RAT Communication Using Malicious Behavior Tree

A key challenge for cybersecurity defense is to detect the encryption Remote Control Trojan (RAT) communication traces. It is still an open research problem to detect encryption RAT preciously in different environments. Previous studies in this area either cannot handle the encrypted content or perform unstable in a different environment. To tackle both problems, we present MBTree, a novel host-level signature based approach for encryption RAT traffic detection. MBTree consists of a structure named MLTree and a similarity matching mechanism. The MLTree integrates multiple directed packet payload size sequences as a host signature. Furthermore, the matching mechanism compares two MLTree to decide if an alarm is triggered. Compared with previous related studies, MBTree (i) is more accurate to characterize different encryption RATs; (ii) has more robust performance when emerging new benign applications in the test environment; (iii) can automatically create signatures from malicious traffic without requiring human interaction. For evaluation, we collect traffic from multiple sources and reorganize them in a sophisticated manner. The experiment results demonstrate that our proposed method is more precise and robust, especially in the situation with new emerging applications.
IT CAPABILTIES IN GLOBAL ENTERPRISES

Organizations are globalizing rapidly for growth. However, with globalization they constantly struggle with the often competing objectives of global scale and responsiveness to local conditions and global trends. Prior research suggests that IT capabilities are critical to achieving organizational goals; however there has been relatively little research that explicitly examines IT capabilities in the MNC context. This paper examines in-depth the IT capabilities in a global organization. Drawing on recent research that suggests a goal-oriented approach to IT capabilities, we identify MNC capabilities of Global Scale, Global-Local Responsiveness and Global Coordination. The paper also notes the distinction between resources and processes in the conceptualization of capabilities, and provides empirical support for the resources and associated processes that comprise each of the global IT capabilities.
The occurrence of melioidosis is related to different climatic conditions in distinct topographical areas of Taiwan

SUMMARY This study assessed the correlations between the incidence of melioidosis and rainfall, wind strength and wind direction in both the flat and hilly regions of Taiwan. Data from the melioidosis and climate databases from 2005 to 2011 were combined and analysed. With the inclusion of a lag time accounting for a possible incubation period for melioidosis, the daily rainfall and wind-speed data were correlated with the number of confirmed melioidosis cases. The incidence of melioidosis in the flat region was related to the wind speed (>19 m/s) and the specific angle (150°, 220°, 280°) of the wind direction. Rainfall is a common environmental factor that contributes to an increase in the incidence of melioidosis in both areas; however, the contribution of wind strength or wind direction to the spread of melioidosis was restricted to areas with specific topographical characteristics, such as hills.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF A DOUBLE- PADDLE SCANNER

Dynamic characterization is a key factor in the design, fabrication and optimization of microsystems. Micro-scanners are currently subjected to a wide research work. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a monolithic single-crystal silicon microstructure is investigated. The microstructure used is a double-paddle scanning mirror for laser applications. It consists of two similar plates (wings) connected to other plate (mirror) and is suspended by one torsion bar. The dynamic characterization is conducted numerically, using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The numerical modeling is described. Due to the tiny size of the scanner, the effect of the acoustic pressure in the surrounding air may become critical and is subsequently investigated. Through numerical simulations, the influence of variations in other parameters, such as Young's modulus and mass density, which mainly suffer some changes due to fabrication processes, are also reported.
Benchmarking And Analysis On The Dividend And Market Cap Based Two-minute Portfolio Investment Strategy

Two-Minute portfolio aims to be a heuristic investment strategy for conservative investors who prefer a well-diversiVed and less volatile portfolio. The portfolio rebalances to hold top 2 Canadian dividend-paying stocks (by market capitalization) in each of the 10 GICS sectors at 5% weight. Despite the claim that Two-Minute portfolio consistently outperforms the TSX Composite Index in most of the recent 26 years, quiet a few ambiguity is left undeVned by the author. The intention of this project is to backtest the return of the Two-Minute portfolio and compare the strategy with traditional mean-variance optimization framework. This project has shown that 1) although per-year return may be higher for the Two-Minute portfolio, holding the Two-Minute portfolio for a prolonged investment period may not be better oU than holding the TSX Index, 2) risk-adjusted return in the Two-Minute portfolio is not as desirable as the risk-adjusted return in the TSX market portfolio, and 3) the weight in Two-Minute portfolio is not mean-variance optimal when dealing with the correlation between diUerent portfolio securities.
Design and Implementation of an Efficient Two-Level Scheduler for Cloud Computing Environment

Cloud computing focuses on delivery of reliable, fault-tolerant and scalable infrastructure for hosting Internet based application services. Our work presents the implementation of an efficient Quality of Service (QoS) based meta-scheduler and Backfill strategy based light weight Virtual Machine Scheduler for dispatching jobs. The user centric meta-scheduler deals with selection of proper resources to execute high level jobs. The system centric Virtual Machine (VM) scheduler optimally dispatches the jobs to processors for better resource utilization. We also present our proposals on scheduling heuristics that can be incorporated at data center level for selecting ideal host for VM creation. The implementation can be further extended at the host level, using Inter VM scheduler for adaptive load balancing in cloud environment.
Discovering Problem-Solving Knowledge in Business Emails - Traceability in Software Design Using Computer Mediated Communication

This article addresses issues related to problem solving knowledge detection in business emails. The objective is to discover if there are traces of knowledge left in emails and how to detect it. Finding patterns and structure of interest in emails corpora is a difficult task, but it is a necessity for companies in order to keep traces and learn lessons from previous projects. Especially in software development project that can be very costly and time consuming. In this paper, we present a general method for discovering problem solving requests in professional emails using mixed techniques from pragmatics analysis and knowledge engineering. This study takes place in the project memory work aiming at the traceability and structuration of knowledge in daily business environment.
A regulated MET3‐GLC7 gene fusion provides evidence of a mitotic role for Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein phosphatase 1

Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses a single essential gene (GLC7) encoding protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Elevated expression of this gene from the GAL1 promoter is highly detrimental to the cell, causing a growth defect and aberrant bud morphology, which leads to cells exhibiting long, extended buds. By comparison, expression of GLC7 from the weaker MET3 promoter was without significant effect on either growth or morphology. However, repression of GLC7 expression from the MET3 promoter in cells where the MET3‐GLC7 fusion was the sole source of PP1 resulted in a mitotic delay. Such cultures showed a massive decrease in the rate of proliferation in conjunction with a significant increase in the proportion of large, budded cells. 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining and anti‐tubulin immunofluorescence analysis of these cells revealed that many were blocked in mitosis, with a short spindle and DAPI‐stained material stretched between the mother and daughter cell within the bud neck. These results support a role for PP1 in the completion of mitosis in S. cerevisiae.
Acid-triggered Membrane Insertion of Pseudomonas Exotoxin A Involves an Original Mechanism Based on pH-regulated Tryptophan Exposure*

Exposure to low endosomal pH during internalization of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) triggers membrane insertion of its translocation domain. This process is a prerequisite for PE translocation to the cytosol where it inactivates protein synthesis. Although hydrophobic helices enable membrane insertion of related bacterial toxins such as diphtheria toxin, the PE translocation domain is devoid of hydrophobic stretches and the structural features triggering acid-induced membrane insertion of PE are not known. Here we have identified a molecular device that enables PE membrane insertion. This process is promoted by exposure of a key tryptophan residue. At neutral pH, this Trp is buried in a hydrophobic pocket closed by the smallest α-helix of the translocation domain. Upon acidification, protonation of the Asp that is the N-cap residue of the helix leads to its destabilization, enabling Trp side chain insertion into the endosome membrane. This tryptophan-based membrane insertion system is surprisingly similar to the membrane-anchoring mechanism of human annexin-V and could be used by other proteins as well.
Classic cases revisited: Oscar the cat and predicting death

Uncertainty, although inherent in medicine, is rarely discussed in spite of being ubiquitous. Communication of uncertainty is poor due to anxiety associated with it, yet one could argue that lack of such disclosure could undermine trust, lead to perception of deceit, alter decision making and in some cases could invalidate the consent process. Predictions concerning end of life are particularly difficult and may lead to excessive or insufficient medical interventions. Acknowledging uncertainty when prognosticating outcomes, and in particular death, may help in facilitating patient-centred care in context of a critical illness.
Logarithmic bred vectors. A new ensemble method with adjustable spread and calibration time

[1] The breeding method is a conceptually simple and computationally cheap ensemble generation technique. Bred vectors (BV) are dynamically obtained from the nonlinear model and correspond to the spatial structures with fast-growing fluctuations at each time. These vectors have a characteristic localized spatial structure, with only a small number of significant values corresponding to the leading fluctuation areas. The temporal and spatial growth of the BV interacts making the spatial structure a key factor of the dynamics. In this paper we introduce a new breeding technique, Logarithmic Bred Vectors (LBV), which allows growing vectors with tuneable spatial structure, more (or less) localized. This yields ensembles with different spatiotemporal dynamics (different spread, etc.). This is done by introducing a new parameter (the geometrical mean) which controls the spatial correlation of the bred vectors, from uncorrelated vectors similar to random perturbations, to fully correlated and localized vectors similar to standard bred vectors. The new method increases the diversity of the ensemble and allows the spread to grow faster preserving the model performance in terms of the root mean square error. Consequently, the ensembles can be calibrated for a desired lead time (for instance a shorter forecast range). The concepts are illustrated using a chain of diffusively coupled Lorenz systems. Preliminary evidence of the possible application in operative weather prediction models is also presented.
Exposure of Unionid Mussels to Electric Current: Assessing Risks Associated with Electrofishing

Abstract Electric current is routinely applied in freshwater for scientific sampling of fish populations (i.e., electrofishing). Freshwater mussels (families Margaritiferidae and Unionidae) are distributed worldwide, but their recent declines in diversity and abundance constitute an imperilment of global significance. Freshwater mussels are not targeted for capture by electrofishing, and any exposure to electric current is unintentional. The effects of electric shock are not fully understood for mussels but could disrupt vital physiological processes and represent an additional threat to their survival. In a controlled laboratory environment, we examined the consequences of exposure to two typical electrofishing currents, 60-Hz pulsed DC and 60-Hz AC, for the survival of adult and early life stages of three unionid species; we included fish as a quality control measure. The outcomes suggest that electrical exposure associated with typical electrofishing poses little direct risk to freshwater mussels. That.
Essays on Stock Market Reactions to New Information

This study contributes in two ways to our knowledge of how information contained in financial statements is interpreted and priced by the stock market. First, the study shows that investors interpret some of the information contained in new financial statements in the context of the information of prior financial statements. Second, the study uses a new methodology to explore two central hypotheses that have been offered in earlier studies to explain the significant connection between publicly available financial statement information and future abnormal returns. The study finds that the mentioned significant connection can be explained both by that the signals proxy for risk and by that the information contained in the signals is priced with a delay. JEL classification: G12; G14
Formation and activation of feature hierarchies under reinforcement

Representation of knowledge through a hierarchy of re-used elements, and the discovery of intermediate terms for learning, is an area of increasing interest in artificial learning. Such a hierarchy is a recognised aspect of human visual processing and has an important role in recognition of objects. A hierarchy allows efficiency of representation, and a manner of preserving links between related concepts. The use of such an approach in an artificial system requires addressing processes for discovery of features, and for activation of features according to an observation. Learning Classifier Systems provide a means of developing a population of rules relevant to a task according to reinforcement, capturing features of the problem in a population of rules. Implementation of a hierarchical representation to define rules is examined using the Activation-Reinforcement Classifier System, acting in a game environment. Two methods of activation of fragments are examined, one using a parallel activation method allowing multiple interpretations to be active in tandem, the other based on attention to a single higher level concept at once, using a limited working memory. Attention to a high level rule provides a bias on the low level features to be activated. Trials show the system operates successfully on the game of Dots and Boxes with a large game size, and is able to extract relevant features of the game using a body of 4000 autonomously produced features. The attention-based activation method operates with a reduced memory requirement and faster processing time than the parallel method. The network of features produced shows a scale-free connectivity distribution, a common property of many human semantic networks.