Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thermal adaptation in the intertidal snail Echinolittorina malaccana contradicts current theory by revealing the crucial roles of resting metabolism

SUMMARY Contemporary theory for thermal adaptation of ectothermic metazoans focuses on the maximization of energy gain and performance (locomotion and foraging). Little consideration is given to the selection for mechanisms that minimize resting energy loss in organisms whose energy gain is severely constrained. We tested a hypothetical framework for thermal performance of locomotor activity (a proxy for energy gain) and resting metabolism (a proxy for energy loss) in energetically compromised snails in the littoral fringe zone, comparing this with existing theory. In contrast to theory, the thermal ranges and optima for locomotor performance and metabolic performance of Echinolittorina malaccana are mismatched, and energy gain is only possible at relatively cool temperatures. To overcome thermal and temporal constraints on energy gain while experiencing high body temperatures (23–50°C), these snails depress resting metabolism between 35 and 46°C (thermally insensitive zone). The resulting bimodal relationship for metabolism against temperature contrasts with the unimodal or exponential relationships of most ectotherms. Elevation of metabolism above the breakpoint temperature for thermal insensitivity (46°C) coincides with the induction of a heat shock response, and has implications for energy expenditure and natural selection. Time-dependent mortality is initiated at this breakpoint temperature, suggesting a threshold above which the rate of energy demand exceeds the capacity for cellular energy generation (rate of ATP turnover). Mortality in a thermal range that elevates rather than limits aerobic metabolism contrasts with the hypothesis that cellular oxygen deficiency underlies temperature-related mortality. The findings of this study point to the need to incorporate aspects of resting metabolism and energy conservation into theories of thermal adaptation.
Simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy for treatment of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective clinical study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (SIB-IMRT) for patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LANSCLC). METHODS 48 patients with LANSCLC treated with SIB-IMRT from January 2010 to April 2012 were retrospectively analysed. A radiation dose of 45-63 Gy (median dose, 51.58 Gy) was delivered to the planning target volume (1.8-2.0 Gy daily fractions) simultaneously with 55.0-74.2 Gy (median dose, 63 Gy) to the planning gross tumour volume (2.00-2.25 Gy daily fractions). 45 patients received concurrent/sequential chemotherapy. The overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Treatment-related pneumonitis and oesophagitis were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v. 4.0. RESULTS By 1 July 2013, 29 of the 48 patients were dead. The median follow-up time for the survivors was 28 months (19-44 months). The median OS and PFS were 21 and 14 months, respectively. The median LRFS time was not reached. The 2-year LRFS, OS and PFS were 62.5%, 45.1% and 28.0%, respectively. Two patients experienced Grade 3 treatment-related pneumonitis, two patients experienced Grade 5 treatment-related pneumonitis and two patients had ≥Grade 3 oesophagitis. CONCLUSION SIB-IMRT appears to be an effective therapeutic option in patients with LANSCLC and warrants further evaluation with increased number of patients in prospective clinical trials. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This study explores the feasibility of delivering tumoricidal doses of radiation to primary lesions in non-small-cell lung cancer.
Delayed complications following Tenckhoff catheter removal.

BACKGROUND Tenckhoff catheter placement is well established to facilitate continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in the treatment of end-stage renal failure. Complications of these catheters while in situ are well documented. However, little information is available concerning post-removal complications. Many centres, including our own remove these catheters by traction resulting in retained cuffs, rather than by formal dissection. We have evaluated the outcome of such removal over a 2-year period. METHODS Sixty-two patients underwent Tenckhoff catheter removal by traction over a 2-year period at our unit. Patients were evaluated retrospectively using case notes and operation records. RESULTS The catheters were sited for a mean of 23 months and were most commonly removed because of persistent peritonitis (48.4%). Sixty-one per cent of all patients had experienced at least one episode of CAPD peritonitis while the catheter was in situ, but this did not correlate with those who developed local sepsis. Fifteen patients (24.2%) subsequently developed local infective complications after a mean of 5.7 months (range 1-17 months). The subcutaneous cuff was involved in all cases and the peritoneal cuff was involved in six cases. Thirty patients were identified as being immunosuppressed, but this was not a risk factor in the development of retained cuff infections. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant risk of local sepsis with retained cuffs resulting from removal by traction and our data suggests that these catheters should be removed by dissection and excision of both cuffs.
Margin width as a determinant of local control with and without radiation therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast

In order to assess the utility of margin width in relation to other histopathologic features as a determinant of local control in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, we retrospectively examined the treatment of 109 breasts treated with (n = 54) or without adjuvant radiotherapy (n = 55). Median follow‐up was 49 and 54 months for patients treated with excision alone (E) or excision plus adjuvant radiotherapy (E+XRT), respectively. Cases treated with E+XRT were significantly larger and had a trend towards closer surgical margins than those treated with E alone. For all cases, margin width ≤1 mm and lesion diameter >15 mm were significantly associated with increased local recurrence. Lesion size ≤15 mm was associated with no cases of local failure regardless of treatment arm. For lesions >15 mm in diameter, there was a significant decrease in 5‐year local failure with E+XRT compared to E alone (21% vs. 36%, P = 0.03). Tumor margin >1 mm was associated with a low rate of 5‐year local failure for either E alone or E+XRT (10.9% vs. 4.6%, P = NS). Tumor margin ≤1 mm had a high rate of local failure that was not significantly decreased by the addition of adjuvant radiotherapy. These results show that large diameter (>15mm) and close surgical margins (≤1 mm) are the dominant risk factors for local recurrence in DCIS. E+XRT significantly decreased local failure risk compared to E alone for large lesions but not for those with close margins. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Simplified End-to-End MMI Training and Voting for ASR

A simplified speech recognition system that uses the maximum mutual information (MMI) criterion is considered. End-to-end training using gradient descent is suggested, similarly to the training of connectionist temporal classification (CTC). We use an MMI criterion with a simple language model in the training stage, and a standard HMM decoder. Our method compares favorably to CTC in terms of performance, robustness, decoding time, disk footprint and quality of alignments. The good alignments enable the use of a straightforward ensemble method, obtained by simply averaging the predictions of several neural network models, that were trained separately end-to-end. The ensemble method yields a considerable reduction in the word error rate.
The superior prognostic value of humoral factors compared with molecular proliferation markers in renal cell carcinoma

The American Joint Committee on Cancer and the Union Internationale Contre le Cancer have acknowledged routine laboratory parameters, such as serum calcium, alkaline phosphatase, hemoglobin, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as predictors of survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The predictive value of these parameters compared with proliferation markers, such as Ki‐67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), topoisomerase II‐α, and p100, has not been determined.
Flexible In-the-Field Monitoring

Fully assessing the robustness of a software application in-house is infeasible, especially considering the huge variety of hardly predictable stimuli, environments, and configurations that applications must handle in the field. For this reason, modern testing and analysis techniques can often process data extracted from the field, such as crash reports and profile data, or can even be executed directly in the field, for instance to diagnose and correct problems. In all these cases, collection, processing, and distribution of field data must be done seamlessly and unobstrusively while users interact with their applications. To limit the intrusiveness of in-the-field monitoring a common approach is to reduce the amount of collected data (e.g., to rare events and to crash dumps), which, however, may severely affect the effectiveness of the techniques that exploit field data. The objective of this Ph.D. thesis is to define solutions for collecting field data in a cost effective way without affecting the quality of the user experience. This result can enable a new range of testing and analysis solutions that extensively exploit field data.
An Analytic Framework for the Evaluation of Coil Configurations for Parallel Transmission MRI With Subsampled Cartesian Excitation k-Space

The use of multiple independent simultaneous radio-frequency (RF) transmitters and coils, known as parallel transmission, has the potential to make multidimensional excitation applicable to a wide range of magnetic resonance imaging applications. The sensitivity profile of the RF coils in a parallel transmission system determines the performance of the system. We present a theoretical framework, allowing the evaluation of the performance of a coil array for parallel transmission. We show through theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation that the proposed framework predicts the fidelity of excitation that can be achieved by a given coil configuration in the presence of noise in the measured coil sensitivity profiles. We evaluate the fidelity of excitation achieved by four candidate coil configurations for a four-channel parallel transmission system with noisy coil sensitivity estimates. Theoretical results are confirmed with Monte Carlo simulation. The results give insight into the design of coil configurations for parallel transmission. In particular, optimal fidelity of excitation for subsampled Cartesian excitation k -space is achieved with a coil sensitivity profile having uniform amplitude and increasing linear phase for each channel. Such sensitivity profiles may be achieved with twisted birdcage coil designs.
Characterization of cell lines established from human hepatocellular carcinoma

We characterized 8 human hepatocellular‐carcinoma cell lines established from the primary tumors of Korean patients. All lines showed substrate adherence and one line from anaplastic tumor also grew as floating aggregates. Most cultured cells maintained many morphological characteristics of the original tumors from which they were derived. Doubling times varied from 34 to 72 hr. All lines showed relatively high viability and were not contaminated with Mycoplasma or bacteria. All lines showed aneuploidy and were proven to be unique by DNA fingerprinting analysis. Hepatitis‐B‐virus (HBV) DNA was integrated in the genomes of all lines. Two of the cell lines (SNU‐354, SNU‐368) showed expression of HBV and HBVx (HBx) transcripts. SNU‐354 strongly expressed albumin, and SNU‐368 expressed transferrin and insulin‐like growth factor II. No lines produced alpha‐fetoprotein at the RNA and protein level. These cell lines represent useful tools for in vitro studies related to hepatocellular carcinoma. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss Inc.
A 77-GHz SiGe single-chip four-channel transceiver module with integrated antennas in embedded wafer-level BGA package

We present for the first time a fully operational 77-GHz silicon-germanium (SiGe) single-chip four-channel transceiver module with four integrated antennas assembled in an embedded wafer-level ball grid array (eWLB) package. This eWLB module has a size of 8 mm × 8 mm and a footprint with a standard ball pitch of 0.5 mm. The module includes four half-wave dipole antennas that are realized using the thin-film redistribution layer (RDL) of the eWLB. The antennas are connected to the transceiver chip using 100-Ω differential coplanar strip (CPS) lines realized in the RDL. The ground plane on top of the printed circuit board (PCB) is used as a reflector for the integrated antenna. Due to integration of the antenna in the package, all mm-wave signals are restricted to the package and no mm-wave transitions to the PCB are required. Moreover, the position of the reflector on the top metallization of the PCB is of great advantage, as it makes the integrated antenna unconstrained by the actual PCB material. Thus, the module can be assembled on any type of PCB. We show that using four radiating elements, it is possible to realize radar system with basic 2D beamforming capabilities. The presented results demonstrate the importance of coherent chip-package co-design and the excellent potential of the eWLB for mm-wave system-in-package (SiP) applications.
The Genomic Sequence of the Accidental Pathogen Legionella pneumophila

We present the genomic sequence of Legionella pneumophila, the bacterial agent of Legionnaires' disease, a potentially fatal pneumonia acquired from aerosolized contaminated fresh water. The genome includes a 45–kilobase pair element that can exist in chromosomal and episomal forms, selective expansions of important gene families, genes for unexpected metabolic pathways, and previously unknown candidate virulence determinants. We highlight the genes that may account for Legionella's ability to survive in protozoa, mammalian macrophages, and inhospitable environmental niches and that may define new therapeutic targets.
Spontaneous pneumothorax associated with Aspergillus bronchopneumonia in a dog.

OBJECTIVE To describe a case of pulmonary aspergillosis in a previously healthy dog that manifested as a spontaneous pneumothorax. CASE SUMMARY A 3-year-old neutered male mixed-breed dog was presented with inappetence and respiratory distress. Thoracic radiography revealed a right-sided pneumothorax. Following stabilization, thoracic computed tomography found 1 large and many small pulmonary blebs in the right caudal lung lobe. The dog underwent a right lateral thoracotomy, identifying numerous emphysematous regions in the right middle lung lobe, and a right middle lung lobectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the resected lung lobe revealed severe, diffuse bronchopneumonia with necrotizing pleuritis and the presence of fungal organisms strongly suggestive of Aspergillus sp. Surgical removal of the affected lung lobe and continued medical treatment with itraconazole resolved the dog's clinical signs. NEW INFORMATION PROVIDED This report describes the successful surgical and medical management of Aspergillus bronchopneumonia in a dog presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax.
In silico site of metabolism prediction of cytochrome P450-mediated biotransformations

Introduction: Preclinical research involves the in vitro monitoring of metabolic stability to deliver compounds with improved ADME profiles. Prediction of the metabolically vulnerable points can substantially help in analyzing CYP-mediated metabolism data and support optimization efforts in drug discovery programs. Moreover, fast and reliable in silico predictions could accelerate the characterization of in vitro/in vivo metabolites. Areas covered: This paper reviews in silico methods available for CYP-mediated site of metabolism (SOM) prediction. Comprehensive and practical knowledge in this field can guide the identification of best practice and may inspire ideas for the development of novel approaches. Expert opinion: Comparison of the efficacy of SOM prediction methodologies revealed the general dependency on the studied isoform and substrate set. Increasing knowledge on P450 X-ray structures, on biotransformations and on the mechanistic details of the catalytic cycle revolutionized the prediction of SOM. Although no ultimate solution exits, combined methods covering both steric and electronic effects are preferred on most of the pharmaceutically relevant isoforms.
The upgrade of the Oxford High Magnetic Field Laboratory

There has been a high field magnet facility in Oxford since shortly after WW II. The heart of this installation used to be a 2 MW rotary converter that powered water-cooled copper solenoids. The generator was retired some two years ago and the emphasis was switched to superconducting magnets and pulsed magnets. Recent success in attracting funding has enabled us to undertake several programmes of upgrading and re-equipping, which are described in this paper. They are: Converting the space occupied by the old generator, which will give us three pulsed magnet stations. The magnets will be in pits below floor level for safety. The maximum fields that we generate at present are over 60 T using magnets and high strength conductors developed in house. We have acquired a new superconducting magnet that gives, 20T in a 40 mm bore at 4.2K (we believe that this is a first world-wide) and 21.5T in 40 mm at 2.2K. The magnet can also be configured to give up to 18T in a 110 mm bore by the removal of the innermost section. Using the new superconducting magnet we can advance our programme of research and development of high T/sub c/ insert coils for very high fields and we hope to have static fields of 25T before long. Development of "miniature" bore pulsed magnets and the associated cryogenics for fields >70T.
Involving customers in NPD process: A comparison of two telecommunication companies in Taiwan

Competition has become a common phenomenon in the global marketplace; innovation seems to be the most promising weapon for practitioners to sustain a competitive advantage under the pressure of fierce rivalry. Traditional innovation models, however, are unable to quickly and accurately meet the needs of customers. Involving customers to participate in the product development process is then employed to reduce the risk and accelerate the speed of introducing new products/services. From previous studies, four types of customers which were commonly participated in the processes of new product/service development were categorized. In order to extend the understanding of customer participation in new product/service development process, in-depth interviews were used to collect data from two Taiwanese telecommunication companies. Comparison between two companies on their new product development processes and the involvement of different types of customers were discussed. Results of this study could help practitioners reconsider the pros and cons of involving customers in new product development process. The academia could also benefit from understanding the utilization of customer participation from the practitioners perspective.
Automatic AI design by the use of MCTS for the game Dead-End

The goal for Artificial Intelligent (AI) in modern video game field is about creating AI that is challengeable and interesting. This paper aims at implementing a method in which AI is controlled by Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) instead of Finite State Machine (FSM). Regarding as an automatic AI design, NPC controlled by MCTS outperforms FSM-controlled-NPC in mainly three aspects. We predict that, in order to produce challengeable and interesting opponents by MCTS, the resulting performance of opponent is determined by the length of simulation time of the MCTS method. Thus, we can adjust the opponents' intelligence by changing the length of simulation time. This research is based on Dead-End.
Yen's Trade Spillover *

While some exporters to the world markets for goods may be hurt by a cheaper yen, others will benefit from lower input costs, to the extent that they source parts and components from Japan for processing, assembly and reexport. This paper formalizes these intuitions and tests them against data covering more than 90% of world trade at the product level, between 2000 and 2011. For countries and products facing Japan’s strongest competition, a 10% appreciation of the yen lowers exports by more than 3%, a sizeable pass through. Elsewhere, the impact is negligible, particularly when vertical trade is accounted for.
Adaptive-PCA: An event-based data aggregation using principal component analysis for WSNs

Dimensionality reduction techniques are convenient for data aggregation to reduce battery energy consumption in sensor nodes. Normally, principal component analysis (PCA), a dimensionality reduction technique, has been used for data aggregation in WSNs. However, PCA yields to data errors when the sensing data are not related. The PCA processing time is also an issue in an urgent situation that the sensing data are required to be transmitted to the base station instantly. This paper proposes a novel data aggregation mechanism for WSNs, called Adaptive-PCA. In Adaptive-PCA, PCA is performed dynamically based on the sensing data. In a normal situation, PCA is performed for data aggregation to reduce the number of transmitted packets. On the other hand, in an urgent situation, sensing data change dramatically, PCA is not performed; the sensing data are transmitted to the base station instantly. Adaptive-PCA consists of two schemes which are 1) event checker and 2) PCA data accuracy checker. These two schemes drive each sensor node whether perform PCA or instantly transmit the sensing data. The simulation results show that Adaptive-PCA adjusts the number of transmitted packets to the environmental changes. Using Adaptive-PCA, the total battery energy consumption is less than that of a traditional WSN. Also, the data accuracy of Adaptive-PCA is higher than that of Non-adaptive-PCA.
Features-level Sentiment Analysis of Movie Reviews

Most sentiment analysis of reviews focused on extracting overall evaluation for a single product which makes difficult for a customer to know all the features of product and make a decision. Thus, mining this data, identifying the user opinions about different features and classify them is an important task. This paper is devoted to identify opinion object from short comments of movies, and analyze sentiment of movies based on features-level. CRFs model based on word embedding feature is adopted by identifying opinion object. In addition, calculate rules based on syntax parsing are proposed to accomplish featureslevel sentiment analysis. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach.