Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Service for IPv6

Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol service for IPv6 (DHCPv6) is used by nodes to obtain configuration information, such as the addresses of DNS recursive name servers, that does not require the maintenance of any dynamic state for individual clients. A node that uses stateless DHCP must have obtained its IPv6 addresses through some other mechanism, typically stateless address autoconfiguration. This document explains which parts of RFC 3315 must be implemented in each of the different kinds of DHCP agents so that agent can support stateless DHCP.
Exploiting Peak Device Throughput from Random Access Workload

In this work, we propose a new batching scheme called temporal merge, which dispatches discontiguous block requests using a single I/O operation. It overcomes the disadvantages of narrow block interface and enables an OS to exploit peak throughput of a storage device for small random requests as well as a single large request. Temporal merge significantly enhances device and channel utilization regardless of access sequentiality of a workload, which has not been achievable by traditional schemes. We extended the block I/O interface of a DRAM-based SSD in cooperation with its vendor, and implemented temporal merge into I/O subsystem in Linux 2.6. 32. The experimental results show that under multi-threaded random access workload, the proposed solution can achieve 87%-100% of peak throughput of the SSD. We expect that the new temporal merge interface will lead to better design of future host controller interfaces such as NVMHCI for next-generation storage devices.
Physiological and isotopic ( d 13 C and d 18 O ) responses of three tropical tree species to water and nutrient availability

Water-use efficiency and stable isotope composition were studied in three tropical tree species. Seedlings of Tectona grandis, Swietenia macrophylla and Platymiscium pinnatum were grown at either high or low water supply, and with or without added fertilizer. These three species previously exhibited low, intermediate and high whole-plant water-use efficiency (TE) when grown at high water supply in unfertilized soil. Responses of TE to water and nutrient availability varied among species. The TE was calculated as experiment-long dry matter production divided by cumulative water use. Species-specific offsets were observed in relationships between TE and whole-plant 13C discrimination (DCp). These offsets could be attributed to a breakdown in the relationship between DCp and the ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2 partial pressures (ci/ca) in P. pinnatum, and to variation among species in the leaf-to-air vapour pressure difference (v). Thus, a plot of v·TE against ci/ca showed a general relationship among species. Relationships between d 18O of stem dry matter and stomatal conductance ranged from strongly negative for S. macrophylla to no relationship for T. grandis. Results suggest interspecific variation among tropical tree species in relationships between stable isotope ratios (d 13C and d 18O) and the gas exchange processes thought to affect them. Key-words: carbon isotope ratio; leaf N concentration; oxygen isotope ratio; transpiration; tropical tree; water-use efficiency.
Improved ferrite magnet vernier machine for an in-wheel machine

Directly driven in-wheel machines are required to generate high output power at low speed. The authors previously proposed the use of a permanent magnet vernier machine, which is suitable for applications that require large torque. The remarkable feature of the previously proposed machine is the use of only ferrite magnets in a `V' configuration. This machine satisfied the required output characteristics of the in-wheel machine for EV and demonstrated high efficiency in computer simulations based on FEA. However, the design of this machine was somewhat problematic. Therefore, the present paper discusses downsizing of the machine, providing a wider air gap, and the use of concentrated windings. We have achieved an effective design for downsizing while maintaining the output and the torque density. The volume of the newly designed machine is 53% smaller than that of the previous machine, and target performances of 40 kW and 400 Nm were obtained.
ARRHYTHMIAS FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL CORONARY OCCLUSION AND THEIR RESPONSE TO DRUGS

For testing the action of antiarrhythmic drugs on ventricular arrhythmias, the 2-stage ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery in the dog, as developed by Harris,’ yields a useful test preparation with a predictable, longlasting ventricular tachycardia. This method has been used extensively in this laboratory*, 3, because: (1) the arrhythmia is etiologically similar to 1 type of ventricular arrhythmia occurring in man; (2) its persistence permits repeated tests and some estimate of duration of drug action; and (3) simultaneous evaluations may be made of both activity and toxicity in the unanesthetized animal. This paper will describe the characteristics of the coronary dog preparation, the method of evaluating antiarrhythmic activity, a comparison of drug responses in various experimental ventricular arrhythmias, and a correlation of these tests with results in man.
Degradation of Evans Blue using Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) – Barium Chromate Composite

Article history: Received 29 March 2019 Accepted 16 April 2019 Available online 06 May 2019 Water is an essential and vital component for life but with the rapid increase in population and growing industrialization, amount of wastewater is also increasing. Dyes are used primarily in the production of various consumer products, and hence, considered as major pollutants. The present study involves the photocatalytic degradation of Evans blue using composite of barium chromate (BaCrO4) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The effect of various parameters such as amount of catalyst, concentration of dye, pH and light intensity on photocatalytic degradation of Evans blue was observed to achieve the optimum conditions. The rate of degradation was estimated from residual concentration of dye spectrophotometrically at 620 nm. Here, MWCNTs will adsorb the Evans blue, while BaCrO4 will photocatalytically degrade this dye. The composite of multiwalled carbon nanotubes-BaCrO4 composite may be a promising material for combating against wastewater pollution.
Towards a Taxonomy of information systems: or does anyone need a TAXI?

Many academic and practical traditions have been brought to bear upon the field of business information systems in an attempt to understand a rapidly changing subject. The insights provided by traditional disciplines to an essentially multi-disciplinary subject is essential and very healthy. However, there is a danger of proliferating many different, overlapping frameworks of information systems. There is a need to review the frameworks and suggest a way of integrating several approaches. The future research effort depends upon a consistent set of data being available and discussed. This paper reviews previous frameworks used to promote the understanding and discussion of information systems. The one-dimensional approach is rejected in favour of a three-dimensional approach built around three basic questions characterized as the three Ts. What tasks does the information system have to perform? What technology can best deliver the systems? In what timeframe are we operating? The paper concludes by suggesting an integrated taxonomy, based on the three Ts as the basis for future research and discussion.
Basic classifiers for DNS tunneling detection

The paper deals with DNS tunneling detection by means of simple supervised learning schemes, applied to statistical features of DNS queries and answers. DNS traffic samples are used by exploiting the content of the entire DNS database, thus avoiding socket-by-socket inspection. Specific attention is devoted to the detection of small portions of malicious data, hidden by regular DNS communication. Second and third level DNS domains are analyzed. Despite the simplicity of the mechanism, good results are obtained by replicating individual detections over successive samples over time and by making a global decision through a majority voting scheme. In this perspective, an empirical trade-off is found between fast and reliable detections.
Preclinical and clinical studies of anticancer drug-incorporated polymeric micelles

Tumour-targeted delivery of therapeutic agents is a longstanding pharmacological goal to improve selectivity and Therapeutic Index. Most scientists have sought to use ‘active’ receptor-mediated tumour-targeting systems, however the ‘passive’ targeting afforded by the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effects provides a versatile and non-saturable opportunity for tumour-selective delivery. Polymeric micelles are ideally suited to exploit the EPR effect, and they have been used for the delivery of a range of anticancer drugs in preclinical and clinical studies. Here I overview some of the more important approaches, assessing usefulness and seeking to identify the most promising ways to apply the phenomenon of passive targeting for improved clinical outcome.
The immunological response of CBA mice to Trypanosoma musculi. I. Initial control of the infection and the effect of T-cell deprivation.

Trypanosoma musculi produced a self-limiting infection in CBA mice which was characterized by a phase of increasing parasitaemia, during which dividing forms of the parasite were present in the blood, and a more stable plateau phase, when only non-dividing `adult' parasites are seen. Blood parasitaemia then rapidly regressed and subsequently blood was non-infective on sub-inoculation. Infection of normal mice in this manner apparently conferred a strong and lasting immunity. Fluorescent antibody titres rose rapidly during infection and IgM, IgGl and IgG2 antibodies were synthesized simultaneously. Total immunoglobulin and IgG2 antibody titres fell following recovery from infection but relatively high and constant antibody levels were detectable for many months. The parasitaemia in infected, T cell-deprived mice also rose rapidly and plateaued, but at a higher level than in normal mice, and deprived mice did not recover; multiplicative forms of the parasite persisted throughout the infection (up to 300+ days). Production of IgGl antibodies was markedly inhibited in the deprived mice but IgM antibody levels were normal. The effects of anti-thymocyte antisera (ATS) administration on the course of infection in normal mice were similar to those seen in thymectomized mice but the ATS-treated mice eventually recovered. Both antibody production and the elimination of parasites from the blood was delayed by ATS treatment. Passive transfer of antiserum just before infection prolonged the pre-patent period, and the subsequent parasitaemia was markedly reduced. If intact mice were treated on the 6th day of infection with serum collected during the plateau phase of an infection the rise in parasitaemia was checked, the number of multiplicative forms in the blood was reduced and DNA synthesis was inhibited. Antiserum from recovered mice had a similar though less marked effect on the parasitaemia. Transfer of these sera to infected, T cell-deprived mice produced similar though less dramatic effects. These results suggest that the initial control of the infection, at the `first crisis', may be due to the joint action of a thymus-dependent ablastin, which inhibits parasite reproduction, and a thymus-independent `first' trypanocidal antibody which removes newly-formed parasites.
Wideband Self-Complementary Quasi-Yagi Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Systems

Novel wideband quasi-Yagi antennas, each featuring a self-complementary structure together with a triangular notch on the ground plane, are proposed. The optimized proposed antenna offers an improved relative bandwidth of 74%, gain of 4-8 dBi, and stable endfire radiation patterns within the passband. Good agreement between simulation and measurement is shown.
Role of blocking antibody in disseminated gonococcal infection.

Gonococci (GC) isolated from patients with disseminated infection (DGI) are uniformly resistant to killing by normal human serum (NHS), but are killed in large numbers by normal rabbit serum (NRS). Since resistance to human serum is necessary for DGI, we examined the mechanism of resistance by GC to NHS. Our bactericidal assay exposes 10-fold dilutions of 108 plate-grown GC/ml to undiluted serum and measures the number of GC the serum can kill. Killing is expressed as the reduction in GC compared with paired, heat-decomplemented controls. NRS sterilized >105 GC/ml of six DGI strains. When NRS was mixed (1:1) with nonbactericidal NHS, killing was reduced to <103 GC/ml. This potent inhibitor of rabbit serum could be adsorbed to preincubated and washed GC. The heat (65°C) lability of the inhibitor suggested blocking antibody. Human cord serum containing maternal IgG, but no IgM or IgA, blocked rabbit serum as effectively as normal adult or matched maternal serum. IgG fractions added to rabbit serum reduced killing of DGI strains, but IgM and IgA did not. Absorption of NHS with resistant strains increased killing of the same and other resistant strains and removed the ability to block killing by rabbit serum. Absorption with sensitive strains decreased killing. Thus, resistant strains adsorb blocking antibody and sensitive strains adsorb killing antibody. We conclude that NHS contains an IgG blocking antibody that competes with natural bactericidal antibody in man and rabbits. We believe that natural IgG binds to certain gonococci possessing the appropriate receptor and enables them to disseminate in the blood by protecting them from killing by antibody and complement.
The Study of Anthropometric Variables on Growth and Development of School Children in Zaria, Nigeria

Human populations consist of individuals who differ widely in body shape and size. Growth and development are intrinsic characteristics of childhood. Progress in growth and developmental milestones is age related, occurs in phases and has a normal pattern. There are different patterns of growth for particular age groups, from the prenatal period to adolescence. This study was conducted to compare the anthropometric variables of different age and sex group has associated to various degree of development. The study population comprised of 1,235 apparent healthy children (prepubertal 9-12 years: male, n = 248, female, n = 260; pubertal 13-15 years: male, n = 186, female, n = 193; adolescence 16-18 years: male, n =192, female, n = 156). Anthropometric measurements considered includes weight, height, Biepicondylar breadth of Humerus and femur, upper arm and calf circumferences, triceps; Subscapular; Supraspinale; and medial calf skinfold thicknesses. The results obtained shows a significant difference (p＜0.001) in all variables in both sexes as there is an increase in the mean value of all parameters measured as the age increases. Female category showed higher value at 13-15 years of age than the males.
ALDS Project: Motivation, Statistical Database Management Issues, Perspectives, and Directions

The Analysis Of Large Data Sets (AIDS) project was initiated at the Pacific Northwest Laboratories in 1978 through funding from DOE/BES Applied Mathematical Sciences. At that time, it was evident that the technical cornnunity's ability to collect scientific data was far outstripping existing capabilites to manipulate, display, and analyze such large data sets. Therefore, a new research direction in the analysis of large data sets was established. The AIDS project is composed of a team of statisticians and computer scientists. Their close interaction has been a key factor in contributing to our discoveries and future directions for analyzing large data sets. To help guide this program, an interdisciplinary team of consultants and reviewers were gathered together on an periodic basis to review progress and suggest research directions.This paper will discuss the motivation and initial goals of the AIDS project, the impact of large data sets, the data management issues addressed by ALDS, current research tasks and their impact on statistical data base management, and perspectives.
Choosing a Lung Isolation Device for Thoracic Surgery: A Randomized Trial of Three Bronchial Blockers Versus Double-Lumen Tubes

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the best technique for lung isolation for thoracic surgery. In this study, we compared the clinical performance of three bronchial blockers (BBs) available in North America with left-sided double-lumen tubes (DLTs) for lung isolation in patients undergoing left-sided thoracic surgery. METHODS: One hundred four patients undergoing left-sided thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to one of the four lung isolation groups (n = 26/group). Lung isolation was with an Arndt® wire-guided BB (Cook® Critical Care, Bloomington, IN), a Cohen Flexi-tip® BB (Cook Critical Care) or a Fuji Uni-blocker® (Fuji Systems, Tokyo) or with a left-sided DLT (Mallinckrodt Medical, Cornamadde, Athlone, Westmeath, Ireland). Anesthetic management and lung isolation were performed according to a standardized protocol. Each group was randomly subdivided into two subgroups (n = 13/subgroup): immediate suction (at the time of insertion of the lung isolation device) (Subgroup I) or delayed suction (20 min after insertion of the lung separation device) (Subgroup D) according to when suction was applied to the BB suction channel or the bronchial lumen of the DLT. Using a verbal analog scale, lung collapse was assessed by the surgeons, who were blinded to the lung isolation technique. RESULTS: There was no difference among the lung isolation devices in lung collapse scores at 0 (P = 0.66), 10 (P = 0.78), or 20 min (P = 0.51) after pleural opening. The time to initial lung isolation was less for DLTs (93 ± 62 s) than BBs (203 ± 132) (P = 0.0001). There were no differences among the BBs in the time to lung isolation (P = 0.78). There were significantly more repositions after initial placement of the lung isolation device with BBs (35 incidents) than with DLTs (two incidents) (P = 0.009). The Arndt BB required repositioning more frequently (16 incidents) than the Cohen BB (8) or the Fuji BB (11) (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS: The three BBs provided equivalent surgical exposure to left-sided DLTs during left-sided open or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery thoracic procedures. BBs required longer to position and required intraoperative repositioning more often. The Arndt BB needed to be repositioned more often than the other BBs.
Modeling the Ground Plane Transformation for Real-Time Obstacle Detection

Ground plane obstacle detection is a general problem for mobile robots. A number of different approaches have been investigated in previous research; however, none is suitable for use with an active stereo vision system. In this paper, we present a real-time approach to obstacle detection for an active stereo vision system based on plane transformation. By modeling the ground plane transformation between a stereo image pair captured by a common elevation stereo head, then identifying the related camera intrinsic parameters, we demonstrate that the ground plane transformation can be computed in real-time using the identified parameters and the head feedback state. Hence it is possible to use it to detect ground plane obstacles in real-time. We also show that this formulation of ground plane obstacle detection unifies previous approaches based on predicted ground plane disparities or on a predicted ground plane transformation for stereo cameras with fixed geometry.
Lexical-semantic organization in children with specific language impairment.

PURPOSE To determine whether children with specific language impairment (SLI) show deficits in lexical-semantic organization and, if so, whether these deficits are commensurate with their delay in vocabulary size and whether the deficits affect all children with SLI. METHOD Fourteen children with SLI, 14 age matches (AM), and 14 expressive vocabulary matches (VM) generated 3 associations to each of 48 words. Associations were coded as semantic (e.g., dog-pet), clang (e.g., cow-how), or erroneous (e.g., spoon-Disney). RESULTS Relative to the AM children, children with SLI produced fewer semantic responses, more clangs, and more errors. Relative to the VM children, fewer semantic responses and more errors in the children with SLI were found in by-item analyses. Across elicitation trials, semantic responses decreased in the AM and VM children but remained stable in the SLI children. Examination of individual performance in the SLI group revealed that poor semantic performance was associated with a deficit in expressive vocabulary and a gap between receptive and expressive vocabularies. CONCLUSIONS Significant variability in lexical-semantic organization skills exists among children with SLI. Deficits in lexical-semantic organization were demonstrated by a subgroup of children with SLI who likely had concomitant word-finding difficulties.
Sequential acquisition of cacophony calcium currents, sodium channels and voltage‐dependent potassium currents affects spike shape and dendrite growth during postembryonic maturation of an identified Drosophila motoneuron

During metamorphosis the CNS undergoes profound changes to accommodate the switch from larval to adult behaviors. In Drosophila and other holometabolous insects, adult neurons differentiate either from respecified larval neurons, newly born neurons, or are born embryonically but remain developmentally arrested until differentiation during pupal life. This study addresses the latter in the identified Drosophila flight motoneuron 5. In situ patch‐clamp recordings, intracellular dye fills and immunocytochemistry address the interplay between dendritic shape, excitability and ionic current development. During pupal life, changes in excitability and spike shape correspond to a stereotyped, progressive appearance of voltage‐gated ion channels. High‐voltage‐activated calcium current is the first current to appear at pupal stage P4, prior to the onset of dendrite growth. This is followed by voltage‐gated sodium as well as transient potassium channel expression, when first dendrites grow, and sodium‐dependent action potentials can be evoked by somatic current injection. Sustained potassium current appears later than transient potassium current. During the early stages of rapid dendritic growth, sodium‐dependent action potentials are broadened by a calcium component. Narrowing of spike shape coincides with sequential increases in transient and sustained potassium currents during stages when dendritic growth ceases. Targeted RNAi knockdown of pupal calcium current significantly reduces dendritic growth. These data indicate that the stereotyped sequential acquisition of different voltage‐gated ion channels affects spike shape and excitability such that activity‐dependent calcium influx serves as a partner of genetic programs during critical stages of motoneuron dendrite growth.