Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enriching a Valency Lexicon by Deverbative Nouns

We present an attempt to automatically identify Czech deverbative nouns using several methods that use large corpora as well as existing lexical resources. The motivation for the task is to extend a verbal valency (i.e., predicate-argument) lexicon by adding nouns that share the valency properties with the base verb, assuming their properties can be derived (even if not trivially) from the underlying verb by deterministic grammatical rules. At the same time, even in inflective languages, not all deverbatives are simply created from their underlying base verb by regular lexical derivation processes. We have thus developed hybrid techniques that use both large parallel corpora and several standard lexical resources. Thanks to the use of parallel corpora, the resulting sets contain also synonyms, which the lexical derivation rules cannot get. For evaluation, we have manually created a small, 100-verb gold data since no such dataset was initially available for Czech.
A New Method for Cartridge Case Image Mosaic

In the process of cartridge case marks detection, due to the limitations of microscope and the unsmoothed specimen surface, not all information can be obtained from just one image. Therefore, two kinds of images can be first obtained and then the information can be supplemented by image mosaic method which facilitates experts’ analysis and the following computer recognition. This paper proposes a new cartridge case image mosaic method by using image registration and fusion techniques. In the registration stage, the initial matching is obtained by using scale invariant feature transform (SIFT), but some incorrect matches greatly affect the registration accuracy. Therefore, in consideration of the specific characteristics of the cartridge case image, graph transformation matching, angle and scale constraint using adaptive K-means clustering are respectively applied to remove incorrect matches. In order to achieve the complementary advantages, voting mechanism is applied to integrate them; meanwhile, genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to select optimal combined parameters, making it possible to adaptively choose to integrate and registration results are optimized based on different images. After refining, the registration accuracy is further enhanced. In the fusion stage, the stitched image is obtained, and histogram matching is employed to smooth visible seams. The mosaic performance is evaluated using visual inspection and objective performance measurements, and results show the advantages of proposed method compared to conventional method.
Significance of isolated reactive treponemal chemiluminescence immunoassay results.

BACKGROUND Isolated reactive serum treponemal chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA) specimens cause clinical uncertainty. METHODS Sera were screened by CIA, and reactive samples underwent reflex testing with rapid plasma reagin (RPR), Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA), and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA Abs) assays. Samples reactive only on the CIA were deemed "isolated" reactive CIA samples. We undertook detailed review of a subset of subjects with isolated reactive CIA specimens. RESULTS Of 28 261 specimens, 1171 (4.1%) were reactive on CIA, of which 133 (11.3%) had isolated CIA reactivity. Most subjects (66 of 82 [80.5%]) with isolated reactive CIA specimens were from high-prevalence populations. We found evidence of CIA, TPPA, and FTA Abs seroreversion. The median chemiluminescent signal-to-cutoff ratio was similar for isolated reactive CIA sera and sera that were reactive on either FTA Abs or TPPA assays (2.19 vs 2.32; P = .15) but lower than for sera reactive on both FTA Abs and TPPA assays (12.37; P < .001) or for sera reactive on RPR assays (25.53; P < .001). A total of 11 of 20 patients (55%) with an isolated reactive CIA specimen who underwent medical record review had previous or subsequent evidence of syphilis infection. CONCLUSIONS Isolated reactive CIA specimens may represent true T. pallidum infection and may be found after seroreversion of traditional treponemal assays.
The Story of the 120-Cell, Volume 48, Number 1

O ne of the most beautiful objects in mathematics is the regular polytope in R4 whose boundary consists of 120 dodecahedral cells. This 120-cell is a rarity among rarities because it lives in three very special worlds. Its home is among the regular polytopes in R4, but it also lives in the remarkable sphere S3 and in the quaternions H. And if this is not enough, the 120-cell encodes the symmetry of the icosahedron and the structure of the Poincaré homology sphere. All these facts have been known since the 1930s, but the story can be told more elegantly in contemporary language, and it can be illustrated better than ever before with the help of computer graphics. Moreover, the new illustrations put the 120-cell in a context of current interest, the geometry of soap bubble configurations, by mapping it in a natural way into R3 (cover illustration). Telling the story in contemporary language has the danger that certain connections become “obvious”, and it is hard to understand how our mathematical ancestors could have overlooked them. However, there is no turning back; we cannot stop seeing the connections we see now, so the best thing to do is describe them as clearly as possible and recognise that our ancestors lacked our advantages. The story begins with the first encounters with the fourth dimension in the 1840s, becomes entangled with group theory in the 1850s, and interacts with topology around 1900. But to set the scene properly, we should review the regular polyhedra, because they are the origin of everything we are going to discuss. The Regular Polyhedra The five regular polyhedra existed before human history (for example, in the form of crystals and viruses), and they certainly made an early appearance in the history of mathematics. They are the climax of Euclid’s Elements. There are several proofs that these five polyhedra are the only regular ones: the classical proof enumerating which polygons can occur as faces and which angle sums are possible at a vertex, the topological proof showing that everything is controlled by the Euler characteristic, and the nice spherical geometry proof of Legendre. A less elegant proof, but one that generalises to higher dimensions, considers the ratio of edge length to the diameter of the circumscribed sphere and relates it to the corresponding ratio of the lower-dimensional vertex figure (the convex hull of the neighbouring vertices of a given vertex). Call this ratio ER. It is easy to prove that if Π is a polyhedron with p-gons as faces and if the polygon Π′ is its vertex figure, then
Tracking via Body Radio Reflections Citation

This paper introduces WiTrack, a system that tracks the 3D motion of a user from the radio signals reflected off her body. It works even if the person is occluded from the WiTrack device or in a different room. WiTrack does not require the user to carry any wireless device, yet its accuracy exceeds current RF localization systems, which require the user to hold a transceiver. Empirical measurements with a WiTrack prototype show that, on average, it localizes the center of a human body to within a median of 10 to 13 cm in the x and y dimensions, and 21 cm in the z dimension. It also provides coarse tracking of body parts, identifying the direction of a pointing hand with a median of 11.2◦. WiTrack bridges a gap between RF-based localization systems which locate a user through walls and occlusions, and human-computer interaction systems like Kinect, which can track a user without instrumenting her body, but require the user to stay within the direct line of sight of the device.
Social Second Screen: WhatsApp and Watching the World Cup

In recent years, changes have taken place in television viewing patterns during live broadcasts of major events. One of the most striking changes is the introduction of “second screens” that accompany viewing. The current study adds to the existing research literature by examining viewing patterns and socialization during the live broadcast of major sports games. Specifically, it examines the use of smartphones and WhatsApp among Israeli viewers of the 2018 World Cup games’ televised broadcasts, from the quarterfinals onward. In total, 454 respondents were filtered through a screening question, in a representative panel of Israeli population. Findings show that most viewers prefer to watch the broadcast of a major soccer game together, though co-viewing is not necessarily done in the physical presence of others. Findings also reveal a connection between the viewer’s engagement with the game and the enjoyment of watching the broadcast. Further, this relationship is mediated through the use of a smartphone as a second screen, especially the use of WhatsApp. This study contributes to existing research literature by showing the extent to which game-related communication using WhatsApp contributes to a meaningful collaborative viewing experience, the degree of engagement with the game, and the extent to which it is enjoyed.
A Self-guided genetic algorithm with dominance properties for single machine scheduling problems

In this study we integrate a Self-guided Genetic Algorithm with dominance properties (DPs) which is named DP-Self-guided GA. Self-guided GA [8] is belonged to the category of evolutionary algorithms based on probabilistic models (EAPM) and it is effective and efficient in solving the scheduling problems. In order to further enhance the performance of this algorithm, it is thus integrated with DPs because DPs is a mathematical algorithm which is able to generate good solutions quickly. As a result, the solutions generated by DPs will be applied as the initial population of Self-guided GA instead of using the randomly generated initial solutions. When we conducted an extensive experiments to validate DP-Self-guided GA, it is statistically significant when we compared it with existing algorithms in the literature. As a result, the implication of this approach is a good heuristic which may further improve the performance of an EAPM algorithm.
GLOBAL UNCERTAINTY IN EPIPOLAR GEOMETRY VIA FULLY AND PARTIALLY DATA-DRIVEN SAMPLING

In this paper we explore the relative efficiency of various data-driven sampling techniques for estimating the epipolar geometry and its global uncertainty. We explore standard fully data-driven methods, specifically the five-point, seven-point, and eight-point methods. We also explore what we refer to as partially data-driven methods, where in the sampling we choose some of the parameters deterministically. The goal of these sampling methods is to approximate full search within a computionally feasible time frame. As a compromise between fully representing posterior likelihood over the space of fundamental matrices and producing a single estimate, we represent the uncertainty over the space of translation directions. In contrast to finding a single estimate, representing the posterior likelihood is always a well-posed problem, albeit an often computionally challenging one. Furthermore, this representation yields an estimate of the global uncertainty, which may be used for comparison between differing methods. Estimation of the relative orientation between two images is an extensively researched subject in computer vision. Many methods have been proposed and the state of the art is now quite elaborate and mature. In our view, the main requirements on an estimation method are that it • Is accurate (both locally and globally) • Is robust • Is computationally efficient • Can exploit all constraints, exact and approximate • Gives a truthful uncertainty estimate (local and global) It is widely accepted that accuracy is best achieved with iterative refinement, called bundle adjustment [24], according to a cost function that is derived from a realistic model of the problem. However, bundle adjustment is dependent on an initial starting point and only achieves what we refer to as local accuracy, which is the ability to precisely pinpoint a local minimum of the cost function. Perhaps even more important and challenging in computer vision is to, insofar as possible, achieve global accuracy, which is the ability to reliably locate the global minimum of the cost function. Robustness is achieved by using an appropriate data model that includes data distortions and outliers. Computational efficiency is always desirable, although the requirements are more stringent in some applications than others. It is likewise desirable to use all available constraints , such as camera calibration information. Figure 1: We derive an uncertainty representation for epipolar geometry parameterized by the epipole in the first image. The figure shows an example of the uncertainty representation when the number of point correspondences is too low, leading …
Correlation structure of stochastic neural networks with generic connectivity matrices

Using a perturbative expansion for weak synaptic weights and weak sources of randomness, we calculate the correlation structure of neural networks with generic connectivity matrices. In detail, the perturbative parameters are the mean and the standard deviation of the synaptic weights, together with the standard deviations of the background noise of the membrane potentials and of their initial conditions. We also show how to determine the correlation structure of the system when the synaptic connections have a random topology. This analysis is performed on rate neurons described by Wilson and Cowan equations, since this allows us to find analytic results. Moreover, the perturbative expansion can be developed at any order and for a generic connectivity matrix. We finally show an example of application of this technique for a particular case of biologically relevant topology of the synaptic connections.
Aggregate Rate-Controlled Service Discipline Enabling Packet Switched Networks with Deterministic Delay Bound

In recent years there is a considerable interest in design of packet-switched networks capable of providing deterministic per-flow bandwidth and delay bound guarantees suitable for audio-video content distribution or, more generally speaking, any real-time traffic. The real-time traffic demands low delay bounds for a wide range of bandwidth requirements. Among multiple service disciplines capable of providing such guarantees, RCS (rate-controller service) stands out as a flexible add-on solution for classic scheduling disciplines. It’s adoption though is limited by the per-flow nature of the algorithm. This paper describes aggregate RCS — ARCS, which operates with aggregates rather than individual flows while providing most of the benefits of the RCS. The ARCS discipline is a perfect candidate for packet-switched networks where per-flow algorithms are prohibitive in terms of the equipment complexity. It allows to maintain a degree of flow isolation and traffic constrain enforcement, while providing deterministic end-to-end delay bound and bandwidth guarantees. The end-to-end delay bound is calculated as a sum of local switch delay bounds. The ARCS is scalable to arbitrary network sizes from home to metropolitan area networks. In addition, the paper introduces ARCSP discipline — ARCS with static priority scheduler used in Ethernet. ARCS/ARCSP can be an enabler technology, allowing to meet challenge of bringing QoS for realtime flows into the ubiquitous low-cost networking solutions of the future.
Application usage of unsupervised digital doorway computer kiosks in remote locations in South Africa

Digital Doorways are rugged computer terminals that offer unassisted learning and peer-assisted learning of basic computer skills, as well as a range of computing activities from entertainment, through education, to independent research. Sites are located in impoverished areas of South Africa at schools, colleges and public community facilities. Usage is free of charge and available to the entire community. This paper poses research questions relating to application usage data and how it relates to user demographics, in order to better understand both the user base and the nature and extent of interaction with a selected set of terminals. This study thus addresses significant issues with respect to ICT for Education and Development in the Digital Doorway context. Analysis of the data indicates notable trends and patterns, and raises certain concerns.
Transcript identiﬁcation by analysis of short sequence tags—inﬂuence of tag length, restriction site and transcript database

There exist a number of gene expression proﬁling techniques that utilize restriction enzymes for generation of short expressed sequence tags. We have studied how the choice of restriction enzyme inﬂuences various characteristics of tags generated in an experiment. We have also investigated various aspects of in silico transcript identiﬁcation that these proﬁling methods rely on. First, analysis of 14 248 mRNA sequences derived from the RefSeq transcript database showed that 1–30% of the sequences lack a given restriction enzyme recognition site. Moreover, 1–5% of the transcripts have recognition sites located less than 10 bases from the poly(A) tail. The uniqueness of 10 bp tags lies in the range 90–95%, which increases only slightly with longer tags, due to the existence of closely related transcripts. Furthermore, 3–30% of upstream 10 bp tags are identical to 3 ¢ tags, introducing a risk of misclassiﬁcation if upstream tags are present in a sample. Second, we found that a sequence length of 16–17 bp, including the recognition site, is sufﬁ-cient for unique transcript identiﬁcation by BLAST based sequence alignment to the UniGene Human non-redundant database. Third, we constructed a tag-to-gene mapping for UniGene and compared it to an existing mapping database. The mappings agreed to 79–83%, where the selection of representative sequences in the UniGene clusters is the main cause of the disagreement. The results of this study may serve to improve the interpretation of sequence-based expression studies and the design of hybridization arrays, by identifying short tags that have a high reliability and separating them
Parsing Parking Instructions for Self-driving Cars into Spatial Semantic Descriptions

This study is motivated by an attempt to develop a system that can control a self-driving car by words. To achieve this, the verbal instructions we provide to the car must be grounded onto the real-world phenomena. With this background, in this study, we extend the framework of semantic description clause (SDC) proposed by Kollar et al. (2010) by adding two new semantic categories, VIEW and STATE, so as to be able to ground more variety of the instructions for driving a car in real-world environment. We developed a pipeline of a CCG parser, a reranker of parse trees and a converter from parse trees into SDCs. The result of parsing the instructions with the extended CCG grammar shows 84.7% accuracy on 6,019 various Japanese driving instructions. We finally convert the parse trees into SDCs using conversion rules, resulting in 90.4% accuracy on 5,638 parse trees.
Under the table: tap authentication for smartphones

Current smartphone authentication methods are known to be susceptible to even rudimentary attacks based on observation. In this paper, we propose an approach to authentication based on rich tapping patterns that addresses this problem. We present a novel tapping detection technique, using a single example as a template. We also report on two user studies (N = 30 and N = 19) where tapping authentication is compared to the leading alternatives, both in an "out in the open" and in an "under the table" condition. Results indicate that the tapping method approximates current standards of security and usability, but also affords inconspicuous authentication, thus allowing the user to self-protect in social settings.
Replication Data for: How to Elect More Women: Gender and Candidate Success in a Field Experiment

Women are dramatically underrepresented in legislative bodies, and most scholars agree that the greatest limiting factor is the lack of female candidates (supply). However, voters’ subconscious biases (demand) may also play a role, particularly among conservatives. We designed an original field experiment to test whether messages from party leaders can affect women's electoral success. The experimental treatments involved messages from a state Republican Party chair to the leaders of 1,842 precinct-level caucus meetings. We find that party leaders’ efforts to stoke both supply and demand (and especially both together) increase the number of women elected as delegates to the statewide nominating convention. We replicate this finding in a survey experiment with a national sample of validated Republican primary election voters (N = 2,897). Our results suggest that simple interventions from party leaders can affect the behavior of candidates and voters and ultimately lead to a substantial increase in women's descriptive representation.
Salivary Microbial Dysbiosis is Associated with Systemic Inflammatory Markers and Predicted Oral Metabolites in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

An increasing number of studies have suggested the dysbiosis of salivary microbiome has been linked to the advancement of multiple diseases and proved to be helpful for the diagnosis of them. Although epidemiological studies of salivary microbiota in carcinogenesis are mounting, no systemic study exists regarding the oral microbiota of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In this study, we presented the characteristics of the salivary microbiota in patients from NSCLC and healthy controls by sequencing of the 16S rRNA microbial genes. Our result revealed distinct salivary microbiota composition in patients from NSCLC compared to the healthy controls. As principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) showed, saliva samples clearly differed between the two groups, considering the weighted (p = 0.001, R2 = 0.17), and unweighted (p = 0.001, R2 = 0.25) UniFrac distance. Phylum Firmicutes (31.69% vs 24.25%, p < 0.05) and its two genera Veillonella (15.51%% vs 9.35%, p < 0.05) and Streptococcus (9.96% vs 6.83%, p < 0.05) were strongly increased in NSCLC group compared to the controls. Additionally, the relative abundances of Fusobacterium (3.06% vs 4.92%, p = 0.08), Prevotella (1.45% vs 3.52%, p < 0.001), Bacteroides (0.56% vs 2.24%, p < 0.001), and Faecalibacterium (0.21% vs 1.00%, p < 0.001) in NSCLC group were generally decreased. Furthermore, we investigated the correlations between systemic inflammation markers and salivary microbiota. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) positively correlated with the Veillonella (r =0.350, p = 0.007) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) negatively correlated with Streptococcus (r =-0.340, p = 0.008). Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways inferred by phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) showed that pathways related to xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism (p < 0.05) and amino acid metabolism (p < 0.05) were enriched in the NSCLC group. Folate biosynthesis (p < 0.05) significantly decreased in NSCLC group. The specific correlations of clinical systemic inflammation markers and predicted KEGG pathways also could pronounce a broad understanding of salivary microbiota in patients with NSCLC. Moreover, our study extended the new sight into salivary microbiota-targeted interventions to clinically improve the therapeutic strategies for salivary dysbiosis in NSCLC patients. Further investigations of the potential mechanism of salivary microbiota in the progression of NSCLC are still in demand.