Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Détection d'un objet immergé dans un fluide

Cette these s'inscrit dans le domaine des mathematiques appele optimisation de formes. Plus precisement, nous etudions ici un probleme inverse de type detection a l'aide du calcul de forme et de l'analyse asymptotique : l'objectif est de localiser un objet immerge dans un fluide visqueux, incompressible et stationnaire. Les questions principales qui ont motive ce travail sont les suivantes : peut-on detecter un objet immerge dans un fluide a partir d'une mesure effectuee a la surface du fluide ? Peut-on reconstruire numeriquement cet objet, i.e. approcher sa position et sa forme, a partir de cette mesure ? Peut-on connaitre le nombre d'objets presents dans le fluide en utilisant cette mesure ? Pour repondre a ces questions, le probleme inverse est analyse comme un probleme d'optimisation en minimisant une fonctionnelle cout, la variable etant la forme inconnue. Deux differentes approches sont considerees dans ce travail : l'optimisation geometrique (a l'aide des derivees de forme et du gradient de forme) et l'optimisation topologique (a l'aide d'un developpement asymptotique et du "gradient" topologique). Dans un premier temps, un cadre mathematique est mis en place pour demontrer l'existence des derivees de forme d'ordre un et deux pour les problemes de detection d'inclusions. Le probleme inverse considere est ensuite analyse a l'aide de l'optimisation geometrique de forme : un resultat d'identifiabilite est montre, le gradient de forme de plusieurs types de fonctionnelles de forme est caracterise et l'instabilite de ce probleme inverse est enfin demontree. Ces resultats theoriques sont alors utilises pour reconstruire numeriquement des objets immerges dans un fluide a l'aide d'un algorithme de gradient regularise par une methode de projection. Enfin, la localisation de petites inclusions dans un fluide est etudiee a l'aide de l'optimisation topologique pour une fonctionnelle de forme de Kohn-Vogelius. L'expression theorique de la derivee topologique est finalement utilisee pour determiner numeriquement le nombre et la localisation de petits obstacles immerges dans un fluide a l'aide d'un algorithme de gradient topologique. Les limites effectives de cette approche sont explorees : la penetration reste faible dans ce probleme stationnaire.
A reconfigurable SoPC based on HW-SW co-design

Reconfigurable SoPC is an advanced component for distributed and real time applications. Co-design of HW and SW for SoPC are both in hierarchy and hybrid. For hierarchy, a SoPC application design may be concerned to C language, Assembly, Hardware Description Language HDL and PLD hardware. For hybrid, the SoPC hardware is built by HDL programming on PLD in some design level. That means the hardware is designed by software. In this paper, a method of co-design of SoPC with HW and SW is discussed. As an example, some display IP component design of a SoPC is issued. The result of simulation indicates that the design is available and successful. The co-design is useful and significant to improve performance of some computing systems.
RAPS: Restore-Aware Policy Selection for STT-MRAM-Based Main Memory under Read Disturbance

As an important non-volatile memory technology, STTMRAM is widely considered as a universal memory solution in current processors. Employing STT-MRAM as the main memory offers a wide variety of benefits, but also results in unique design challenges. In particular, read disturbance characterizes accidental data corruption in STT-MRAM after it is read, leading to a need of restoring data back to memory after each read operation. These extra restores greatly change the timing scenarios that conventional designs are optimized for. As a result, directly adopting conventional, restore-agnostic memory management techniques may lead to suboptimal designs for STT-MRAM. In this work, we propose Restore-Aware Policy Selection (RAPS), a dynamic and hybrid row buffer management scheme that factors in the inevitable data restores in STT-MRAM-based main memory. RAPS monitors the row buffer hit rate at run time, dynamically switching between the open-and close-page policies. By factoring in restores, RAPS accurately captures the optimal design points, achieving optimal policy selections at run time. Our experimental results show that RAPS significantly improves system performance and energy efficiency compared to the conventional page-closure policies.
Homogenization of an elasticity problem for a catalyst support by using the unfolding method

The goal of this work is to study the asymptotic behaviour of catalyst supports in a linear elasticity problem. The catalyst support is a structure made of beams, placed periodically and with inner holes. We introduce a decomposition of the displacements in such a structure and we prove some convergence results. Finally, we obtain the limit problem when the elasticity parameter e and the periodicity parameter e go to zero.
Quality assessment of e‐government websites in Sub‐Saharan Africa: A public values perspective

The evaluation of e‐government websites has received considerable attention over the years; however, the public values perspective of e‐government websites have been widely overlooked, especially in developing countries. This is worrisome as one of the primary goals of e‐government websites is to deliver public values, since these sites are often the main platform for government interaction with other stakeholders. As such, this study bridged the existing knowledge gap by evaluating 279 e‐government websites from 31 countries in Sub‐Saharan Africa, based on the public values perspective. The examined public values included accessibility, citizen engagement, development of trust, responsiveness, dialogue, and quality of information and services. The results showed that the performance of Sub‐Saharan Africa e‐government websites was highly unsatisfactory when it comes to the delivery of public values. This possibly provides an explanation as to why the region has been consistently ranked the worst in terms of e‐government development, as e‐government development focuses on public values delivery. The study culminates by providing both practical, theoretical, and policy implications of the findings.
Correlation of Clinical Examination, MRI and Arthroscopy Findings in Menisco-Cruciate Injuries of the Knee: A Prospective Diagnostic Study

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the correlation of the clinical examination, MRI and arthroscopic findings in cruciate ligaments and meniscal injuries of knee and to evaluate the accuracy of clinical examination and MRI with the gold standard arthroscopy. Methods: A prospective diagnostic double-blind study was conducted on 104 consecutive patients admitted to the outdoor/casualty with trauma to the knee complaining of knee pain/locking/ instability, from August 2012 to June 2014. All the patients were subjected to clinical examination, MRI scanning and diagnostic arthroscopy. Variables like sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of clinical examination and MRI against arthroscopy were evaluated. Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of clinical examination for anterior cruciate ligament tears were 94.7%, 71.4% and 88.5% and for MRI were 94.7%, 78.6% and 90.4%, respectively; for posterior cruciate ligament tears 100%, 100% and 100% for clinical examination and for MRI 80%, 97.9% and 96.2%, respectively. These values for medial meniscus tears were 76.5%, 68.6% and 71.2% for clinical examination and 88.2%, 62.8% and 71.2% respectively for MRI. For lateral meniscus tears, 40%, 94.6% and 78.8% for clinical examination and 46.7%, 89.2% and 76.9% respectively for MRI. Conclusions: A skillfully performed clinical examination establishes a diagnosis on which an arthroscopic procedure can be planned, reserving MRI scans for patients where the clinical examination fails to establish a diagnosis or cannot be performed. Decision to use MRI should be based on the criteria that it would confirm, expand the diagnosis or change diagnosis in such a way that alters the proposed treatment.
An analysis of farmers’ preferences for crop insurance: a case of maize farmers in Swaziland

The uncertain nature of agricultural production makes risk management essential in providing farmers with protection against potential losses. Crop insurance is a sustainable risk management tool that ensures the sustainability of agricultural enterprises by reducing income risks. The main focus has been on the supply and penetration of crop insurance, with limited attention paid to the demand and to farmers’ preferences for crop insurance. In Swaziland, the crop insurance industry is still under-developed; hence, an empirical gap exists in knowledge of farmers’ preferences for crop insurance. This study identifies the conditions that farmers prefer to accept with regard to crop insurance, as well as the factors that influence them in purchasing it. It provides an understanding of the need of farming households for crop insurance, and seeks to identify the best ways of protecting farmers’ livelihoods from agricultural risks. It also provides an account of the effects of ineffective risk management strategies. The study employed descriptive statistics to analyse primary data: snowballing sampling methods were used to collect survey data from 150 households in the Hhohho and Lubombo regions of Swaziland. Results show that 52% of the sampled households expressed an interest in purchasing crop insurance; the other 48% were not interested in purchasing crop insurance and gave reasons for this. The probit model was used to determine the factors that influence the likelihood of farmers indicating an interest in purchasing crop insurance: these included gender, marital status, occupation, education, location, savings and farming experience. Farmers based their preferences on crop insurance features such as risk cover, coverage levels and the nature of cover, compensation and
The moderating effect of social capital on the relationship of performance improvement practices and organizational performance

In this study the moderating effect of social capital on the relationship of performance improvement practices and organizational performance has been undertaken in Meezan bank Ltd. Data was collected from Islamabad & Rawalpindi area branches. An adapted questionnaire was distributed. Distribution of 150 questionnaires to the managerial and non-managerial grade officers of Meezan Bank was done, of which 110 valid questionnaires were received. Regression analysis gave positive and statistically significant results of the moderating variable social capital on organizational performance with the independent variable performance improvement practices. This study is helpful to the management of the organization to utilize such practices which result in better performance. ARTICLE INFORMATION Received: 12 February 2017 Revised: 10 April 2017 Accepted: 25 April 2017 DOI: 10.31580/jei.v4i2. 95
A novel path planning and control framework for passive resistance therapy with a robot manipulator

In this article, we present a paradigm for safe path generation and control for a robotic manipulator such that it provides programmable passive resistance therapy to patients with deficits in the upper extremities. When the patient applies an interaction force at the robot's end-effector, a dynamic path generator time parameterises any therapist-specified contour in the robot's workspace–thus, the robot mimics the dynamics of a passive impedance whose anisotropy vector can be continuously reconfigured. The proposed algorithm is easily implementable because it is robust to uncertainty in the robot dynamics. Moreover, the proposed strategy also guarantees user safety by maintaining the net flow of energy during the human robot interaction from the user towards the manipulator.
Quantenmechanik : (QM I) : eine Einführung

Das bewahrte Standardlehrbuch in umfassend uberarbeiteter und erganzter 7. Auflage mit zahlreichen neu gestalteten Abbildungen, neuen Kapiteln zur supersymmetrischen Quantenmechanik und Theorie des Messprozesses sowie uber 100 Aufgaben. Neben den Grundlagen und vielen Anwendungen erortert der Autor neue Aspekte der Quantentheorie und ihrer experimentellen Uberprufung. Die explizite Ausfuhrung aller Zwischenrechnungen hilft Studierenden, Quantenmechanik schneller und leichter zu verstehen. Die optimale Vorbereitung auf "Quantenmechanik fur Fortgeschrittene (QM II)" desselben Autors. Im Anhang: mathematische Hilfsmittel und erganzende Formeln.
Physical activity during pregnancy and risk of hyperglycemia.

OBJECTIVE To determine the association between moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA) during midpregnancy and the risk of hyperglycemia. METHODS Data were from 1437 pregnant women. Frequency, duration, and intensity of MVPA during the previous 7 days were collected via questionnaire at 17-22 weeks' gestation. Modes of MVPA included work, recreation, transportation, caregiving, and indoor and outdoor household activities. Hyperglycemia was defined as a glucose concentration ≥130 mg/dL on a 1-hour, 50-g glucose challenge test or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) assessed at ~27 weeks' gestation. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated risks of hyperglycemia associated with total and mode-specific MVPA. RESULTS There were 269 women (18.7%) with hyperglycemia. Any metabolic equivalent (MET) hours/week of recreational MVPA was associated with a 27% lower risk of hyperglycemia (adjusted relative risk, [aRR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.54-0.99). Multiplicative interaction terms were significant for prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and recreational MVPA (p=0.01). Among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2), recreational MVPA was associated with a 48% lower risk of hyperglycemia (aRR 0.52, 95%CI 0.33-0.83) compared to women who reported none. There was no association of hyperglycemia and recreational MVPA among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2). CONCLUSIONS Recreational MVPA during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of hyperglycemia, specifically among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2). Further research is warranted to determine recommended amounts and intensities of physical activity and to discern whether there are differences in the effects of physical activity between specific modes of physical activity or among subgroups of women in relation to hyperglycemia.
Sequencing with Series-Parallel Precedence Constraints

One of the most important ideas in the theory of sequencing and scheduling is the method of adjacent pairwise job interchange. This method compares the costs of two sequences which differ only by interchanging a pair of adjacent jobs. In 1956, W. E. Smith defined a class of problems for which a total preference ordering of the jobs exists with the property that in any sequence, whenever two adjacent jobs are not in preference order, they may be interchanged with no resultant cost increase. In such a case the unconstrained sequencing problem is easily solved by sequencing the jobs in preference order. In this paper, a natural subclass of these problems is considered for which such a total preference ordering exists for all subsequences of jobs. The main result is an efficient general algorithm for these sequencing problems with series-parallel precedence constraints. These problems include the least cost fault detection problem, the one-machine total weighted completion time problem, the two-machine maximum completion time flow-shop problem and the maximum cumulative cost problem.
Quantifying standing posture during multi-joint movements

The postural sway is a common measurement when evaluating the standing posture stability of a person. In everyday life, we interact with the environment and use our arms for gestures or to perform specific tasks. Since every person tries to prevent slipping or falling, movements of our upper limbs are usually performed in a controlled way. Changing the speed can cause a destabilisation of our posture, and postural adaptations are needed to avoid loss of our bipedal equilibrium. New methods such as the multiscale entropy algorithm (Costa et al. 2005) have recently been developed to measure and quantify the intrinsic complexity of an individual’s posture while standing. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of cyclic internal– external rotation movements of the upper limbs, performed at different speeds, on postural control mechanisms. Furthermore, this study examines the different impacts on postural stability due to the dominance of our limbs.
Emerging genetic therapies to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Purpose of reviewDuchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive muscle degenerative disease caused by dystrophin mutations. The purpose of this review is to highlight two emerging therapies designed to repair the primary genetic defect, called ‘exon skipping’ and ‘nonsense codon suppression’. Recent findingsA drug, PTC124, was identified that suppresses nonsense codon translation termination. PTC124 can lead to restoration of some dystrophin expression in human Duchenne muscular dystrophy muscles with mutations resulting in premature stops. Two drugs developed for exon skipping, PRO051 and AVI-4658, result in the exclusion of exon 51 from mature mRNA. They can restore the translational reading frame to dystrophin transcripts from patients with a particular subset of dystrophin gene deletions and lead to some restoration of dystrophin expression in affected boys' muscle in vivo. Both approaches have concluded phase I trials with no serious adverse events. SummaryThese novel therapies that act to correct the primary genetic defect of dystrophin deficiency are among the first generation of therapies tailored to correct specific mutations in humans. Thus, they represent paradigm forming approaches to personalized medicine with the potential to lead to life changing treatment for those affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Tunable electromagnetic interference shield using periodic graphene-based structures in the terahertz regime

The demand for band broadening in communication devices has caused designing electronic circuits to draw numerous attentions among the research community. Recently, designing and implementation of electronic circuits have been developed in the THz and optical frequencies to achieve ultrafast responses. Thus, electromagnetic interference shields due to its protection effects against disturbances caused by adjacent elements have emerged as a vital issue in THz circuit designing. In this paper, two types of electromagnetic shields are proposed in the THz regime and shielding effectiveness calculated by using transmission line model. Comparisons indicate that the results obtained from the proposed method are in high accordance with those of CST-MWS commercial software.
RNA Sequencing Uncovers Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Pathological Complete Response to Chemotherapy in Patients with Operable Breast Cancer

Background This study aimed to identify key genes contributing to pathological complete response (pCR) to chemotherapy by mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Material/Methods RNA was extracted from the frozen biopsy tissue of patients with pathological complete response and patients with non-pathological complete response. Sequencing was performed on the HiSeq2000 platform. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the pCR group and non-pCR (NpCR) group. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, then module analysis was performed to identify a subnetwork. Finally, transcription factors were predicted. Results A total of 673 DEGs were identified, including 419 upregulated ones and 254 downregulated ones. The PPI network constructed consisted of 276 proteins forming 471 PPI pairs, and a subnetwork containing 18 protein nodes was obtained. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that PLCB4 and ADCY6 were enriched in pathways renin secretion, gastric acid secretion, gap junction, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, melanogenesis, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, and rap1 signaling pathway. CNR1 was enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway, and rap1 signaling pathway. The transcription factor-gene network consists of 15 transcription factors and 16 targeted genes, of which 5 were downregulated and 10 were upregulated. Conclusions We found key genes that may contribute to pCR to chemotherapy, such as PLCB4, ADCY6, and CNR1, as well as some transcription factors.
Rescue of Embryonic Lethality in Reduced Folate Carrier-deficient Mice by Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation Reveals Early Neonatal Failure of Hematopoietic Organs*

The reduced folate carrier (RFC1) is an important route by which the major blood folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, is transported into mammalian cells. In this study we determined the consequences of inactivation of RFC1 in mice by homologous recombination. While RFC1-null embryos died in utero before embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5), near-normal development could be sustained in RFC1 − /−embryos examined at E18.5 by supplementation of pregnantRFC1 +/− dams with 1-mg daily subcutaneous doses of folic acid. About 10% of these animals went on to live birth but died within 12 days. TheseRFC1 − /− mice showed a marked absence of erythropoiesis in bone marrow, spleen, and liver along with lymphoid depletion in the splenic white pulp and thymus. In addition, there was some impairment of renal and seminiferous tubule development. These data indicate that in the absence of RFC1 function, neonatal animals die due to failure of hematopoietic organs.
Measuring the benefits of clean air and water

Kneese examines issues surrounding benefits assessment, including such tools as bidding games, surveys, property value studies, wage differentials, risk reduction evaluation, and mortality and morbidity cost estimation. He discusses methods for quantitatively estimating benefits derived from the maintenance or improvement of air and water quality. Suitable for undergraduate classroom use. Originally published in 1984
Street Vendors (PKL) as the Survival Strategy of Poor Community

Street vendors are some of informal sector business actors who are directly related to city government policy. Illegal street vendors as one type of street vendors often get ill-treatment from the city government. It is because in running the business, street vendors occupy public space, such as sidewalks and shoulders, so they are disciplined. Through this phenomena, this study aimed to analyze (1) survival strategy done by street vendors and (2) reasons by street vendors in using public space as a place to trade. Those objectives were further described by employing qualitative descriptive method with data collection technique through interviews and observations. Once the data have been collected, they were analyzed qualitatively interactively. From the research results, it can be concluded. First, being a street vendor for low-level society is the only option and is the most viable way to sustain their lives. Some street vendors do survival strategy in order to meet the needs of everyday life. Second, street vendors use public spaces such as roadsides and sidewalks because (1) there are limitations which make them impossible to occupy locations with obligations to pay, (2) roads and sidewalks are strategic places to peddle merchandise; and (3) lack of attention from government to the needs and welfare of street vendors.