Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Queen Nefertari, the Royal Spouse of Pharaoh Ramses II: A Multidisciplinary Investigation of the Mummified Remains Found in Her Tomb (QV66)

Queen Nefertari, the favourite Royal Consort of Pharaoh Ramses II (Ancient Egypt, New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty c. 1250 BC) is famous for her beautifully decorated tomb in the Valley of the Queens. Her burial was plundered in ancient times yet still many objects were found broken in the debris when the tomb was excavated. Amongst the found objects was a pair of mummified legs. They came to the Egyptian Museum in Turin and are henceforth regarded as the remains of this famous Queen, although they were never scientifically investigated. The following multidisciplinary investigation is the first ever performed on those remains. The results (radiocarbon dating, anthropology, paleopathology, genetics, chemistry and Egyptology) all strongly speak in favour of an identification of the remains as Nefertari’s, although different explanations—albeit less likely—are considered and discussed. The legs probably belong to a lady, a fully adult individual, of about 40 years of age. The materials used for embalming are consistent with Ramesside mummification traditions and indeed all objects within the tomb robustly support the burial as of Queen Nefertari.
A multi-attribute fusion acceleration feature selection algorithm for activity recognition on smart phones

Current approaches for smart-phone based activity recognition focus mainly on the features extracted from the raw inertial accelerometer data, however, the raw sensor data is often heavily affected by the smart phone's varying positions and orientations. Therefore, a feature selection algorithm for acceleration information based on multi-attribute fusion is proposed to overcome the influences. The algorithm fuses the mutual information, the difference between classes, the volatility in classes and the computation cost of selecting an optimal feature subset. The features in the subset are sensitive to the user's activities, are not influenced by the smart phone's positions. Experiment results show that the features selected by the proposed algorithm are suitable for activity recognition and have higher classification accuracy than the features selected by the traditional feature selection methods.
From exp-concavity to variance control: O(1/n) rates and online-to-batch conversion with high probability

We present an algorithm for the statistical learning setting with a bounded exp-concave loss in $d$ dimensions that obtains excess risk $O(d \log(1/\delta)/n)$ with probability at least $1 - \delta$. The core technique is to boost the confidence of recent in-expectation $O(d/n)$ excess risk bounds for empirical risk minimization (ERM), without sacrificing the rate, by leveraging a Bernstein condition which holds due to exp-concavity. This Bernstein condition implies that the variance of excess loss random variables are controlled in terms of their excess risk. Using this variance control, we further show that a regret bound for any online learner in this setting translates to a high probability excess risk bound for the corresponding online-to-batch conversion of the online learner. We also show that with probability $1 - \delta$ the standard ERM method obtains excess risk $O(d (\log(n) + \log(1/\delta))/n)$.
Ultrascalable Implicit Finite Element Analyses in Solid Mechanics with over a Half a Billion Degrees of Freedom

The solution of elliptic diffusion operators is the computational bottleneck in many simulations in a wide range of engineering and scientific disciplines. We present a truly scalable-ultrascalable-algebraic multigrid (AMG) linear solver for the diffusion operator in unstructured elasticity problems. Scalability is demonstrated with speedup studies of a non-linear micro-finite element analyses of a human vertebral body with over a half of a billion degrees of freedom on up to 4088 processors on the ACSI White machine. This work is significant because in the domain of unstructured implicit finite element analysis in solid mechanics with complex geometry, this is the first demonstration of a highly parallel and efficient application of a mathematically optimal linear solution method on a common large scale computing platform — the IBM SP Power3.
Stimulation of somatostatin expression in developing ciliary ganglion neurons by cells of the choroid layer

An important component of neuronal development is the matching of neurotransmitter expression with the appropriate target cell. We have examined how peptide transmitter expression is controlled in a simple model system, the avian ciliary ganglion (CG). This parasympathetic ganglion contains 2 distinct types of neurons: choroid neurons, which project to vasculature in the eye's choroid layer and use somatostatin as a co-transmitter with ACh, and ciliary neurons, which innervate the ciliary body and iris and use ACh but no known peptide co-transmitter. We have found that the earliest developmental stage in which neurons with somatostatinlike immunoreactivity (SOM-IR) are consistently found in vivo is stage 30 (embryonic day 6.5), a time shortly after the extension of neurites to targets in the eye's choroid layer. In cell culture, CG neurons expressed SOM-IR in co-culture with choroid cells, but not when cultured with striated muscle myotubes or with ganglion non-neuronal cells. No significant differences in neuronal survival or in ChAT activity were observed under these different co-culture conditions, which suggests that somatostatin expression is independently regulated. The stimulation of somatostatin expression was also specific in that other neuropeptides commonly found in autonomic neurons [neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)] were not induced in the presence of choroid cells. The ability to stimulate SOM-IR was not contact dependent because a macromolecule of greater than or equal to 10 kDa in choroid-conditioned medium (ChCM) was found to stimulate somatostatin expression in a dosage-dependent fashion. The somatostatin-stimulating activity induced SOM-IR in more than 90% of CG neurons, as well as in retrogradely labeled ciliary neurons, which would not normally express SOM-IR. Thus, the expression of somatostatin in cultured CG neurons is regulated by a macromolecule produced by cells in the choroid layer, a target normally innervated in vivo by CG neurons expressing somatostatin.
On-Chip Mechanisms to Reduce Effective Memory Access Latency

This dissertation develops hardware that automatically reduces the effective latency of accessing memory in both single-core and multi-core systems. To accomplish this, the dissertation shows that all last level cache misses can be separated into two categories: dependent cache misses and independent cache misses. Independent cache misses have all of the source data that is required to generate the address of the memory access available on-chip, while dependent cache misses depend on data that is located off-chip. This dissertation proposes that dependent cache misses are accelerated by migrating the dependence chain that generates the address of the memory access to the memory controller for execution. Independent cache misses are accelerated using a new mode for runahead execution that only executes filtered dependence chains. With these mechanisms, this dissertation demonstrates a 62% increase in performance and a 19% decrease in effective memory access latency for a quad-core processor on a set of high memory intensity workloads.
Application of Vector Control Technology for PMSM Used in Electric Vehicles

Based on the equation of small pure electric vehicle (PEV) and the mathematic model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), synchronous motor (PMSM), the dynamic model is presented for small PEV driven by PMSM. With space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm, a velocity and current double closed-loop simu- lation model of PMSM control system is build in Matlab7.6/Simulink environment. Simulation results show that: the sys- tem has the advantages of fast response, high precision, strong anti-interference ability, and this novel method offers a new thought way for designing and debugging driving system of PEV.
Efficient computation of prolate spheroidal wave functions in radio astronomical source modeling

The application of orthonormal basis functions such as Prolate Spheroidal Wave Functions (PSWF) for accurate source modeling in radio astronomy has been comprehensively studied. They are of great importance for high fidelity, high dynamic range imaging with new radio telescopes as well as conventional ones. But the construction of PSWF is computationally expensive compared to other closed form basis functions. In this paper, we suggest a solution to reduce its computational cost by more efficient construction of the matrix kernel which relates the image domain to visibility (or Fourier) domain. Radio astronomical images are mostly represented using a regular grid of rectangular pixels. This is required for efficient storage and display purposes and moreover, comes naturally as a by product of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in imaging. We propose the use of Delaunay triangulation as opposed to regular gridding of an image for a finer selection of the region of interest (signal support) during the PSWF kernel construction. We show that the computational efficiency improves without loss of information. Once the PSWF basis is constructed using the irregular grid, we revert back to the regular grid by interpolation and thereafter, conventional imaging techniques can be applied.
Iodine supplementation improves cognition in mildly iodine-deficient children.

BACKGROUND The effects of severe iodine deficiency during critical periods of brain development are well documented. There is little known about the consequences of milder forms of iodine deficiency on neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine whether supplementing mildly iodine-deficient children with iodine improves cognition. DESIGN A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted in 184 children aged 10-13 y in Dunedin, New Zealand. Children were randomly assigned to receive a daily tablet containing either 150 microg I or placebo for 28 wk. Biochemical, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected from each child at baseline and after 28 wk. Cognitive performance was assessed through 4 subtests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. RESULTS At baseline, children were mildly iodine deficient [median urinary iodine concentration (UIC): 63 microg/L; thyroglobulin concentration: 16.4 microg/L]. After 28 wk, iodine status improved in the supplemented group (UIC: 145 microg/L; thyroglobulin: 8.5 microg/L), whereas the placebo group remained iodine deficient (UIC: 81 microg/L; thyroglobulin: 11.6 microg/L). Iodine supplementation significantly improved scores for 2 of the 4 cognitive subtests [picture concepts (P = 0.023) and matrix reasoning (P = 0.040)] but not for letter-number sequencing (P = 0.480) or symbol search (P = 0.608). The overall cognitive score of the iodine-supplemented group was 0.19 SDs higher than that of the placebo group (P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Iodine supplementation improved perceptual reasoning in mildly iodine-deficient children and suggests that mild iodine deficiency could prevent children from attaining their full intellectual potential. The trial was registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Register as ACTRN12608000222347.
USER ASSESSMENT OF A VISUAL WEB GENRE CLASSIFIER

Users assess the “appropriateness” of web documents in many ways. Traditionally, appropriateness has been solely a matter of relevance to a particular topic. But users are concerned with other aspects of document “genre”, such as the level of expertise assumed by the author, or the amount of detail. In previous work, we have used machine learning to automatically classify documents along a variety of genre dimensions, and we have developed a graphical interface that depicts documents visually along orthogonal genre dimensions. In order to validate the design of our interface, we have performed two experiments – a brainstorming session and a web-based survey which have shown that users perceive genre dimensions as independent. In the present paper we elaborate in more detail the idea behind the classifier and draw upon the possibility of user “firstglance” biases in assessment of web documents.
Toward a Comprehensive Model of eHealth Literacy

A common understanding of the notion "eHealth literacy" is that it concerns the individual ability to use and understand the content of interactive health information technologies. The paper discusses the competencies and knowledge embedded in being an eHealth literate, and suggests a comprehensive, new model, and a new definition, of eHealth literacy.
Effectiveness of Gaming Strategy on Mathematical Creativity of Students At Secondary Level

The present study was intended to find the effectiveness of Gaming Strategy on Mathematical Creativity of Students at Secondary level. The research works showed that it was possible to promote mathematical creativity in children by means of mathematical teaching by providing suitable teaching experiences. Thus, through the study, the investigators try to find the effectiveness of gaming strategy on mathematical creativity of secondary school students. Chaudhari (1991) explains gaming strategy is an instructional strategy that uses the stimulated situation called games in teaching learning process. Through this strategy, the student is typically required to think critically, take risks, make decisions and attain specific objectives in managing the situations or task. The investigators adopted Experimental method in the present study on a sample of 130 secondary school students. The study revealed that the gaming strategy is effective over Activity Oriented Method for developing Mathematical Creativity of students at secondary level.
Social Network: JAZ Protein Interactions Expand Our Knowledge of Jasmonate Signaling

Members of the family of JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins are key regulators of the jasmonate (JA) hormonal response. The 12-member family is characterized by three conserved domains, an N-terminal domain, a TIFY-containing ZINC-FINGER EXPRESSED IN INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM domain, and a C-terminal Jas domain. JAZ proteins regulate JA-responsive gene transcription by inhibiting DNA-binding transcription factors in the absence of JA. JAZ proteins interact in a hormone-dependent manner with CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1), the recognition component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, SCFCOI1, resulting in the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of JAZs via the 26S proteasome pathway. Since their discovery in 2007, JAZ proteins have been implicated in protein–protein interactions with multiple transcription factors. These studies have shed light on the mechanism by which JAZs repress transcription, are targeted for degradation, modulate the JA signaling response, and participate in crosstalk with other hormone signaling pathways. In this review, we will take a close look at the recent discoveries made possible by the characterization JAZ protein–protein interactions.
Direct patterning of a cyclotriveratrylene derivative for directed self-assembly of C60

A novel apex-modified cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) derivative with an attached thiolane-containing lipoic acid linker was directly patterned onto gold substrates via dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). The addition of a dithiolane-containing linker to the apex of CTV provides a molecule that can adhere to a gold surface with its bowl-shaped cavity directed away from the surface, thereby providing a surface-bound CTV host that can be used for the directed assembly of guest molecules. Subsequent exposure of these CTV microarrays to C60 in toluene resulted in the directed assembly of predesigned, spatially controlled, high-density microarrays of C60. The molecular recognition capabilities of this CTV template toward C60 provides proof-of-concept that supramolecular CTV scaffolds can be directly patterned onto surfaces providing a foundation for the development of organic electronic and optoelectronic materials.
FROM MULTUM TO BEAUCOUP : BETWEEN ADVERB AND NOMINAL DETERMINER

The morphosyntactic status of the French quantifying expression beaucoup 'a lot / much, many' has been extensively discussed in the literature. Three hypotheses have been put forward: beaucoup has been categorized as an adverb, as having a double categorial status, both a deter-mi¬ner and an adverb, or as an expres¬sion which is underspecified as to its categorial status. This paper reconsiders the question from a diachronic viewpoint. It highlights two parallelisms between multum in Classical Latin and beaucoup when it becomes a quantifying expression in Middle French: (i) both quantifying expressions can combine with a noun or a verb, but never with an adjective or an adverb; (ii) they occur in direct object position (expressed in Latin by an accusative NP not headed by a preposition) or in subject position in combination with unaccu¬sa-tive verbal predicates, but they are unattested in other syntactic positions. These simi¬la¬rities can be explained on the basis of the nominal origin of multum and beau-coup 'beautiful knock'. Being nominal expressions, multum and beaucoup are used for quantification of the direct internal argu¬ment of the verb and may occur with a genitive complement or a prepositional complement intro¬duced by de. Since they quantify the direct internal argument of the verb, they also quantify the verbal process as such and become in this way full adverbs without saturating an argument position. It is only in a later stage that they can quantify a NP external to the VP and that they become full-fledged nominal determiners. They keep however their hybrid status, between adverb and nominal determiner, when they quantify the direct internal argument of the verb. The diachronic perspective of this study offers a better understanding of the use of beaucoup in Modern French: (i) from a distributional viewpoint, it explains why beaucoup used as an adverb can modify a verb but not an adjective or an adverb; (ii) it offers a fine-grained account of the morphosyntactic categorization of beaucoup in its different uses in Modern French and clarifies its syntactic differences with respect to quantifying determiners like plusieurs 'several'; (iii) from a semantic viewpoint, it explains in which contexts beaucoup behaves as an ordinary quantifier, having normal scope relations.
Network Signatures of Survival in Glioblastoma Multiforme

To determine a molecular basis for prognostic differences in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), we employed a combinatorial network analysis framework to exhaustively search for molecular patterns in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. We identified a dysregulated molecular signature distinguishing short-term (survival<225 days) from long-term (survival>635 days) survivors of GBM using whole genome expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A 50-gene subnetwork signature achieved 80% prediction accuracy when tested against an independent gene expression dataset. Functional annotations for the subnetwork signature included “protein kinase cascade,” “IκB kinase/NFκB cascade,” and “regulation of programmed cell death” – all of which were not significant in signatures of existing subtypes. Finally, we used label-free proteomics to examine how our subnetwork signature predicted protein level expression differences in an independent GBM cohort of 16 patients. We found that the genes discovered using network biology had a higher probability of dysregulated protein expression than either genes exhibiting individual differential expression or genes derived from known GBM subtypes. In particular, the long-term survivor subtype was characterized by increased protein expression of DNM1 and MAPK1 and decreased expression of HSPA9, PSMD3, and CANX. Overall, we demonstrate that the combinatorial analysis of gene expression data constrained by PPIs outlines an approach for the discovery of robust and translatable molecular signatures in GBM.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Longitudinal Study Comparison of 2 Techniques with 2 and 5-Years Follow-Up

Background : The purpose of this study was to compare the results of two popular surgical techniques for medial patellofemoral ligament MPFL reconstruction with a minimum of two-year follow-up. Methods : Fifty-eight patients with traumatic tear of the medial patellofemoral ligament were included in one of the two surgical groups. Group 1 MPFLs were reconstructed through graft endobutton fixation and Group 2 through graft anchor fixation into the patella. After two to five-year follow-up, patients were asked to answer knee function questionnaires (Fulkerson and Kujala) as well as the SF-36 life quality score. Results : There were no statistical difference among postoperative Kujala, Fulkerson, and SF-36 questionnaires scores between Groups 1 and 2. There were statistical significant differences favorable to patients in Group 1 with a shorter follow-up length (2-5 years) compared to those with a longer period of 5-10 years for both Kujala and Fulkerson scores and no difference for group 2. Conclusion : Both medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction techniques had similar results in a two to ten-year follow-up according to functions and life quality questionnaires. Furthermore, endobutton fixation for the patellar edge of the graft had better results in patients with 2 years of follow-up than those with 5 years. Gender was not significant for surgical results. Moreover, group 1 patients had higher number of complications.
Engineering of double tudor domain and chromodomain variants with altered binding specificities

The first library we constructed and screened in this work (lib1) was composed of potential H3K27-trimethylation biosensors containing a variety of different binding domains. Among the binding domains included in this library were three engineered variants that have been developed in our lab and not previously reported elsewhere: JMJD2A double tudor domain [1,2] with D945K; JMJD2A double tudor domain with the D945R; and Cbx7 chromodomain [3] with A71K. These variants are the result of a research project aimed at using phage display-based screening for the development of improved reagents for molecular recognition of trimethylated H3K27. However, due to the relatively modest gains in specificity in these engineered variants, this work was not pursued further. This document describes the identification of these variants.
The past, puzzles, and promise of 6-branes

The fact that both the D6-brane and the orientifold 6-plane have smooth, horizon-free descriptions in M-theory makes them especially useful in understanding certain aspects of brane physics. We briefly review how this connection has been used to understand a number of effects, several of which are associated with the Hanany-Witten transition. One particular outcome is a “confinement mod 2” effect for zero-branes in the background of a single D8-brane. We also discuss an interesting puzzle associated with flux-expulsion from D6-branes in this context. Finally, we discuss the promise of using a similar M-theoretic description of the orientifold 6-plane to understand the consistency of stringy negative energy objects with the 2nd law of black hole thermodynamics.