Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Lesbians' Direct Disclosure of Their Sexual Orientation

The major purpose of this study was to investigate premises regarding self-disclosure as proposed in therories of homosexual development while gathering baseline empirical data on the coming-out process. Several variables that theoretically influence coming-out, such as, persons to whom a lesbian has self-disclosed, in what order she has chosen to do this, how her internalized homophobia has influenced her behavior and how her coming-out behavior is related to level of sexual identity development, were investigated. Participants were volunteers responding to advertisements (N= 407,64% retrun rate). The sample was a diverse group, with no all respondents labeling themselves lesbian. Age of coming-out to themselves ranged form 3 to 63 years; coming-out to another, age 7 to 63; coming-out to another after coming-out to herself, less than one year to 33 years. After coming-out to themselves, respondents tended to come-out to other lesbians next. Despite the theoretical premise that coming-out to family is the.
Challenges and techniques for effective and efficient similarity search in large video databases

Searching relevant visual information based on content features in large databases is an interesting and changeling topic that has drawn lots of attention from both the research community and industry. This paper gives an overview of our investigations on effective and efficient video similarity search. We briefly introduce some novel techniques developed for two specific tasks studied in this PhD project: video retrieval in a large collection of segmented video clips, and video subsequence identification from a long unsegmented stream. The proposed methods for processing these two types of similarity queries have shown encouraging performance and are being incorporated into our prototype system of video search named UQLIPS, which has demonstrated some marketing potentials for commercialisation.
The Waterbed Effect in Spectral Estimation

In this lecture note, we present a textbook-like derivation of the waterbed effect result in Ninness (2003). Compared with Ninness, our analysis is much simpler and yet slightly more general in that it is not limited to rational spectral densities as in Ninness (it is noted, however, that Ninness has also derived a closed-form expression for the finite-m CRB on the relative variance of /spl Phi/(/spl omega/, /spl theta//spl circ/), which we do not).
Debt, Ownership Structure, and R&D Investment: Evidence from Japan

Financial factors and ownership structure are both part of the determinants of corporate R&D investment. Considering listed firms in the R&D intensive industries during the 2000s, this paper examines whether financial factors and ownership structure explain R&D investment in Japan. Following the methodology of Brown et al. (2009), which extends the dynamic investment model of Bond and Maghir (1994) to R&D investment, we find that only small, young firms mainly listed on new emerging markets face financial constraints. We also find that large firms finance R&D investment partly from debt. For firms with relatively limited assets, however, higher leverage leads to lower R&D investment. Finally, we find no evidence that large shareholdings by foreign investors enforce myopic behavior on firms in R&D intensive industries.
Asian American Interracial and Interethnic Marriages: Differences by Education and Nativity 1

Using the 1990 U.S. census data, we apply log-linear models to examine Asian Americans' interracial marriage with whites and interethnic marriages between Asian ethnic groups. Japanese and Filipino Americans are most likely to marry whites, followed by Chinese and Korean Americans. Southeast Asian and Asian Indian Americans are least likely to marry whites. We further explore how interracial marriage differs by couples' educational and nativity combinations. The impact of educational attainment, generally, is very strong but is modest for Japanese Americans, the most assimilated group, and for Southeast Asian Americans, the least assimilated group. Interracial marriage is more likely for native than for immigrant couples, but immigrants marrying natives are more likely to marry whites than persons of their own ethnic group. Interethnic marriage between Asian ethnic groups is limited to several ethnic groups, but is much more frequent among natives than among immigrants. Japanese and Chinese Americans, who have lived in the United States for several generations, have the highest rate of interethnic marriage. We have shown two forms of integration for Asian Americans – integration into mainstream society through interracial marriage for both immigrants and natives and integration into Asian American pan-ethnicity through interethnic marriage for later-generation natives.
Overexpression of the PeaT1 Elicitor Gene from Alternaria tenuissima Improves Drought Tolerance in Rice Plants via Interaction with a Myo-Inositol Oxygenase

Abiotic stresses, especially drought, seriously threaten cereal crops yields and quality. In this study, we observed that the rice plants of overexpression the Alternariatenuissima PeaT1 gene showed enhanced drought stress tolerance and increased the survival rate following a drought treatment. In PeaT1-overexpressing (PeaT1OE) plants, abscisic acid and chlorophyll content significantly increased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased compared with the wild-type plants. Additionally, we confirmed that the transcript levels of drought-responsive genes, including OsAM1, OsLP2, and OsDST, were prominently lower in the PeaT1OE plants. In contrast, expression levels of genes encoding positive drought stress regulators including OsSKIPa, OsCPK9, OsNAC9, OSEREBP1, and OsTPKb were upregulated in PeaT1OE plants. Furthermore, combing the yeast two-hybrid assay, we found that PeaT1 could interact with amyo-inositol oxygenase (OsMIOX), which was verified by pull-down assay. Interestingly, OsMIOX was highly expressed in PeaT1OE plants during the drought treatment. Additionally, the OsMIOX-GFP fusion protein co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker in tobacco protoplasts, suggesting OsMIOX performs its function in ER. Therefore, our results are useful for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the improvement of drought tolerance by PeaT1.
Reluctant Customers: Presidents and Policy Advice

Groupthink or Deadlock: When Do Leaders Learn from Their Advisors? By Paul A. Kowert. Albany: Blackwell Publishing, 2002. 265 pp., $65.50 cloth (ISBN: 0-7914-5249-2), $21.95 paper (ISBN: 0-7914-5250-6). In Groupthink or Deadlock , Paul Kowert has written a clever but ultimately unsatisfactory book about the nexus between leaders and their advisers when they deal with weighty foreign and domestic policy issues. Kowert's study fits neatly within the steadily growing literature on foreign policy decision making, a field persistently ignored by mainstream international relations that has nonetheless developed into a cumulative, multidisciplinary part of the discipline. At the same time, Kowert's study makes a contribution to presidential studies and indeed, albeit moderately, to leadership studies in political science at large. Kowert builds upon the pioneering work of Irving Janis (1972), Alexander George (1980), and Margaret Hermann (1980). He also fits into a stream of recent, highly related political-psychological studies of leader–adviser interaction in US foreign policymaking by such young scholars as Patrick Haney (1997), Thomas Preston (2000), and David Houghton (2001). Kowert's main claim is that, when making key decisions, US presidents only learn from their advisers if a good fit exists between their personal learning style and the structure of their advisory groups. In short, leaders can be open or closed in their desire or ability to solicit a wealth of information and a diversity of viewpoints. (Open presidents like it; closed presidents do not.) Open leaders should, therefore, work best when they have an advisory system that is open, that is, a quasi-pluralist arena in which information flows upward easily and conflicting arguments are brought before the president. Closed leaders, in contrast, would …
Three camera-based human tracking using weighted color and cellular LBP histograms in a particle filter framework

In this paper an effective three view multiple human tracking method based on color and texture information fusion is proposed. Since human motion is usually non-linear and non-Gaussian, a particle filter framework is used to estimate human position. Human model is jointly represented by weighted color and cellular LBP (cellular local binary pattern) histograms. Weighted color histogram is robust to scale invariant and partial occlusion but has a main limitation when object's color and background's color are similar; so using these two complement features improve tracking results. This method is robust against illumination changes and occlusions. A three-camera network is used to handle occlusion. Tracking process has done separately for each camera, when occlusion is detected in one view. Tracking results of two other views are used to handle occlusion. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves performance of human tracking.
Changes in susceptibility to Fas‐mediated apoptosis during differentiation of HL‐60 cells

The Fas‐mediated pathway has been implicated as an important cellular pathway mediating apoptosis in diverse cell types. We conducted studies to examine the susceptibility to Fas‐mediated apoptosis of HL‐60 cells treated with differentiation‐inducing factors such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), retinoic acid (RA), and 1α, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3). Although the expression of Fas antigen (Ag) and its mRNA showed a marked increase in HL‐60 cells with cell differentiation, that of Bcl‐2 protein and its mRNA revealed the reverse. The expression of caspase proteins such as caspases‐3 and ‐8 was also enhanced during cell differentiation. DNA fragmentation, annexin V binding, and caspase activities increased in differentiated HL‐60 cells with the addition of anti‐Fas Ag antibody. These findings were more clearly demonstrated in DMSO‐ or RA‐induced neutrophil‐like cells than in VD3‐induced monocyte‐like cells. Therefore, susceptibility to Fas‐mediated apoptosis showed an increase with differentiation of HL‐60 cells, especially in the neutrophil lineage. These results suggest that the difference of susceptibility to Fas‐mediated apoptosis among cell populations depends on the expression of Fas Ag, Bcl‐2, and caspases. Cell maturation and susceptibility to Fas‐mediated apoptosis may be linked in hematopoietic cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 374–380; 2000.
Qualitative interviews in psychology: problems and possibilities

This paper distinguishes a series of contingent and necessary problems that arise in the design, conduct, analysis and reporting of open-ended or conversational qualitative interviews in psychological research. Contingent problems in the reporting of interviews include: (1) the deletion of the interviewer; (2) the conventions for representing interaction; (3) the specificity of analytic observations; (4) the unavailability of the interview set-up; (5) the failure to consider interviews as interaction. Necessary problems include: (1) the flooding of the interview with social science agendas and categories; (2) the complex and varying footing positions of interviewer and interviewee; (3) the orientations to stake and interest on the part of the interviewer and interviewee; (4) the reproduction of cognitivism. The paper ends with two kinds of recommendation. First, we argue that interviews should be studied as an interactional object, and that study should feed back into the design, conduct and analysis of interviews so that they can be used more effectively in cases where they are the most appropriate data gathering tools. Second, these problems with open-ended interviews highlight a range of specific virtues of basing analysis on naturalistic materials. Reasons for moving away from the use of interviews for many research questions are described.
INCREDIBLE HULKS: SHIP SCHOOLS AND THE REFORMATORY MOVEMENT

This paper considers the history of ship schools for young offenders. In particular the paper focuses on two floating reformatories that were established on the River Mersey in the middle of the 19th century. Attention is drawn to the positive light in which Victorian penal reformers viewed these institutions. Important parallels are also observed between the concerns and ambitions of these reformers and current discussions about the treatment of children with emotional and behavioural difficulties when they are in trouble with the law.
Patched1 and Patched2 inhibit Smoothened non-cell autonomously

Smoothened (Smo) inhibition by Patched (Ptch) is central to Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Ptch, a proton driven antiporter, is required for Smo inhibition via an unknown mechanism. Hh ligand binding to Ptch reverses this inhibition and activated Smo initiates the Hh response. To determine whether Ptch inhibits Smo strictly in the same cell or also mediates non-cell-autonomous Smo inhibition, we generated genetically mosaic neuralized embryoid bodies (nEBs) from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). These experiments utilized novel mESC lines in which Ptch1, Ptch2, Smo, Shh and 7dhcr were inactivated via gene editing in multiple combinations, allowing us to measure non-cell autonomous interactions between cells with differing Ptch1/2 status. In several independent assays, the Hh response was repressed by Ptch1/2 in nearby cells. When 7dhcr was targeted, cells displayed elevated non-cell autonomous inhibition. These findings support a model in which Ptch1/2 mediate secretion of a Smo-inhibitory cholesterol precursor. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.17634. 001
Feminist thought : desire, power, and academic discourse

1. The Hybrid Criticism of Patriarchy. 2. The Matrix of Feminist Criticism. 3. From Feminist Criticism to Standpoint Epistemologies. 4. Engendering African American Criticism. 5. Formulating a Feminist Politics of De-colonization. 6. Queer Embodiments of Feminist Theorizing.
Partners' self-perceptions of the use of different communication strategies during total communication intervention

Background: Collaboration between people with aphasia and their communication partners is needed to achieve success in communication. Some of the partners change their own behaviour spontaneously and start to use different strategies to ensure that conversations are successful, but many require training to do so. Aims: The aim of the present study was to examine to what extent communication partners perceive they use different strategies to support the conversation and if they perceive changes in the use of these strategies during an intervention concentrating on total communication. Methods & Procedures: The data were collected during regular rehabilitation courses, which were carried out in two parts (8 + 4 days) with a 3-month interval. People with aphasia participated in the whole course and the partners joined in for the last 2 days of the first part and the whole of the second part (2 + 4 days). The aim of the intervention was to encourage people with aphasia to use total communication and to guide the communication partners to facilitate the use of total communication and to support the conversation. A total of 43 communication partners participated in the present study: 33 participated in a course with their aphasic partners, but 10 did not and formed the control group. Before the first and second parts of the course and 6 months after the course the partners completed a questionnaire comprising 20 questions concerning different communication strategies. Outcomes & Results: Before the intervention both the participating partners and the control group perceived that they quite often used different strategies to support the conversation. The means of the 20 questions were 62.9/100 and 58.9/100 respectively. Both groups perceived an increase in the use of different strategies after the first part of the course but the change was statistically significant only in the participating group, F(1, 32) = 8.025, p = . 016. The participating group perceived a significant increase in the use of strategies supporting verbal comprehension and production after the first part of the course, F(1, 32) = 6.925, p = . 026, but perceived a decrease in the use of them when measured 6 months after the course. Conclusions: Communication partners perceive that they often use different strategies to support communication. The self-assessment method can make the partners more aware of these strategies. An intervention can increase the partners' awareness of the comprehension problems of their aphasic partners.
Hierarchical event streams and event dependency graphs: a new computational model for embedded real-time systems

One of the important aspects of schedulability analysis is the model used to describe the system and its timing behavior. On one side, the accuracy of the test strongly depends on the accuracy of the model. On the other side, a detailed model could lead to an unaccaptable evaluation time. In this paper we propose a new model, the hierarchical event streams, which allows a high accuracy. We provide an efficient feasibility test for the model based on the context of demand and request bound function. Additionally we will provide a methodology to extract this model out of a control-flow graph efficiently. Together this allows a more accurate and efficient schedulability analysis of event driven real-time systems
Immunocytochemical localization of serotonin1A receptors in the rat central nervous system

Specific anti‐rat 5‐hydroxytryptamine1A (serotonin1A) receptor antibodies raised in a rabbit injected with a synthetic peptide corresponding to a highly selective portion of the third intracellular loop of the receptor protein (El Mestikawy et al. [1990] Neurosci. Lett. 118: 189–192) were used for immunohistochemical mapping of serotonin1A receptors in the brain and spinal cord of adult rats. The highest density of immunostaining was found in limbic areas (lateral septum, CA1 area of Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus in the hippocampus, and frontal and entorhinal cortices), in the anterior raphe nuclei, and in the interpeduncular nucleus, in agreement with previous autoradiographic studies with selective radioligands showing the enrichment of these regions in serotonin1A receptor binding sites. Serotonin1A receptor‐like immunoreactivity was also present, but at a moderate level, in the neocortex, in some thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei, in the nucleus of the solitary tract, in the dorsal tegmentum, in the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve, and in the superficial layers of the dorsal horn in the spinal cord. In contrast, extrapyramidal areas, including the caudate putamen, the globus pallidus, and the substantia nigra as well as the cerebellum, exhibited very low to no immunostaining by antiserotonin1A receptor antibodies.
A Pragmatic Approach Space-Time Code Design

In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the signals transmitted from different antennas are described by a space-time code (STC) matrix, whose properties determine the system performance. Basically, STC design attempts to provide full diversity and high coding gain, and some design techniques also include a complexity criterion to limit the maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder complexity. A closer look at the code matrix reveals that, in all STCs, the matrix elements are a linear combination of the symbol block to be transmitted and can be regarded as new symbols taking their values from a higher signal constellation. However, the signal points in the new constellation are not regularly spaced as in traditional signal constellations.
SLMotion - An extensible sign language oriented video analysis tool

We present a software toolkit called SLMotion which provides a framework for automatic and semiautomatic analysis, feature extraction and annotation of individual sign language videos, and which can easily be adapted to batch processing of entire sign language corpora. The program follows a modular design, and exposes a Numpy-compatible Python application programming interface that makes it easy and convenient to extend its functionality through scripting. The program includes support for exporting the annotations in ELAN format. The program is released as free software, and is available for GNU/Linux and MacOS platforms.
THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS, AVAILABILITY, AND ARGUMENT QUALITY ON BRAND ATTITUDES : A Melding of Elaboration Likelihood and Cognitive Resource Matching Theories

Researchers have investigated a number of different psychological constructs that occur as a result of advertising exposure, constructs that contribute to the formation of attitudes toward the ad (Aad) and brand (Ab). The Dual Mediation Model (DMM) (MacKenzie and Lutz 1989), which defines hypothesized interrelationships among these constructs, has been well supported in previous research. Other researchers have provided evidence that brand attitudes formed as a result of advertising exposure are greater if there is a "match" between the cognitive resources required to process the advertising message and those made available for processing (Anand and Sternthal 1989). The authors suggest that DMM constructs, as well as the links among those constructs, are moderated by the match between cognitive resource requirements and availability. Furthermore, the authors suggest that the nature of these moderating effects will depend on argument quality. The results of empirical testing of a modified version of the DMM under alternate processing-resource/argument-quality conditions are consistent with this theoretical explanation.
SH2 Domains Recognize Contextual Peptide Sequence Information to Determine Selectivity*

Selective ligand recognition by modular protein interaction domains is a primary determinant of specificity in signaling pathways. Src homology 2 (SH2) domains fulfill this capacity immediately downstream of tyrosine kinases, acting to recruit their host polypeptides to ligand proteins harboring phosphorylated tyrosine residues. The degree to which SH2 domains are selective and the mechanisms underlying selectivity are fundamental to understanding phosphotyrosine signaling networks. An examination of interactions between 50 SH2 domains and a set of 192 phosphotyrosine peptides corresponding to physiological motifs within FGF, insulin, and IGF-1 receptor pathways indicates that individual SH2 domains have distinct recognition properties and exhibit a remarkable degree of selectivity beyond that predicted by previously described binding motifs. The underlying basis for such selectivity is the ability of SH2 domains to recognize both permissive amino acid residues that enhance binding and non-permissive amino acid residues that oppose binding in the vicinity of the essential phosphotyrosine. Neighboring positions affect one another so local sequence context matters to SH2 domains. This complex linguistics allows SH2 domains to distinguish subtle differences in peptide ligands. This newly appreciated contextual dependence substantially increases the accessible information content embedded in the peptide ligands that can be effectively integrated to determine binding. This concept may serve more broadly as a paradigm for subtle recognition of physiological ligands by protein interaction domains.