Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of space launch vehicle tracking using different types of multiple models

Since an instantaneous impact point and impact dispersion area of the space launch vehicle (SLV) are determined from estimated state information (i.e., position and velocity) of the SLV, a precise tracking of the SLV plays an important role in the flight safety operation. To contribute this problem, in this paper, we present comparison of two distinct interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithms which incorporate different types of multiple models, to describe dynamic models of SLV. Here, to design multiple motion models of SLV, we separate the flight phase of a SLV into propelled flight mode and coast (non-propelled) flight mode. The first one is represented by the Singer's linear model with ternary uniform mixtures and the other one is depicted by a nonlinear model with a state vector considering drag and thrust of SLV. To compare the performance of both IMM for SLV, we make use of nominal trajectory of Korea space launch vehicle-1 (KSLV-1) which is the first SLV of Republic of Korea and had launched successfully in 2013. The nominal flight trajectory includes propelled and non-propelled flight modes based on variation of thrust. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate the tracking performance of both IMM algorithms in an aspect of RMS error.
A Mid-Cretaceous Origin of Sociality in Xylocopine Bees with Only Two Origins of True Worker Castes Indicates Severe Barriers to Eusociality

The origin of sterile worker castes, resulting in eusociality, represents one of the major evolutionary transitions in the history of life. Understanding how eusociality has evolved is therefore an important issue for understanding life on earth. Here we show that in the large bee subfamily Xylocopinae, a simple form of sociality was present in the ancestral lineage and there have been at least four reversions to purely solitary nesting. The ancestral form of sociality did not involve morphological worker castes and maximum colony sizes were very small. True worker castes, entailing a life-time commitment to non-reproductive roles, have evolved only twice, and only one of these resulted in discrete queen-worker morphologies. Our results indicate extremely high barriers to the evolution of eusociality. Its origins are likely to have required very unusual life-history and ecological circumstances, rather than the amount of time that selection can operate on more simple forms of sociality.
Enhancing and unmasking the harmonics of a complex tone.

Alternately eliminating and reintroducing a particular harmonic of a complex tone can cause that harmonic to stand out as a pure tone-separately audible from the rest of the complex-tone background. In the psychoacoustical literature the effect is known as "enhancement. " Pitch matching experiments presented in this article show that although harmonics above the 10th are not spectrally resolved, harmonics up to at least the 20th can be enhanced. Therefore, resolution is not required for enhancement. Further, during those experimental intervals in which a harmonic is eliminated, excitation pattern models suggest that listeners should be able to hear out a neighboring harmonic-separately audible from the background. The latter effect has been called "unmasking. " In the present article we provide the first experimental evidence for unmasking. Harmonics of 200 Hz, with harmonic numbers between about 5 and 16, are readily unmasked. Their pitches are usually matched by sine tones with frequencies that are not exactly those of the unmasked harmonics but are shifted in a direction away from the frequency of the pulsed harmonic. Phase relationships among the harmonics that produce temporally compact cochlear excitation lead to reduced enhancement but greater unmasking.
Late Miocene northward propagation of the northeast Pamir thrust system, northwest China

Piggyback basins on the margins of growing orogens commonly serve as sensitive recorders of the onset of thrust deformation and changes in source areas. The Bieertuokuoyi piggyback basin, located in the hanging wall of the Pamir Frontal Thrust, provides an unambiguous record of the outward growth of the northeast Pamir margin in northwest China from the Miocene through the Quaternary. To reconstruct the deformation along the margin, we synthesized structural mapping, stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and cosmogenic burial dating of basin fill and growth strata. The Bieertuokuoyi basin records the initiation of the Pamir Frontal Thrust and the Takegai Thrust ~5–6 Ma, as well as clast provenance and paleocurrent changes resulting from the Pliocene‐to‐Recent uplift and exhumation of the Pamir to the south. Our results show that coeval deformation was accommodated on the major structures on the northeast Pamir margin throughout the Miocene to Recent. Furthermore, our data support a change in the regional kinematics around the Miocene‐Pliocene boundary (~5–6 Ma). Rapid exhumation of NE Pamir extensional domes, coupled with cessation of the Kashgar‐Yecheng Transfer System on the eastern margin of the Pamir, accelerated the outward propagation of the northeastern Pamir margin and the southward propagation of the Kashi‐Atushi fold‐and‐thrust belt in the southern Tian Shan. This coeval deformation signifies the coupling of the Pamir and Tarim blocks and the transfer of shortening north to the Pamir frontal faults and across the quasi‐rigid Tarim Basin to the southern Tian Shan Kashi‐Atushi fold‐and‐thrust system.
Automatic Text Summarization for Annotating Images

With an explosion of image data on the web, automatic image annotation has become an important area of machine learning, computer vision and natural language processing research. The goal of automatic image annotation systems is to generate the key words or sentences that capture the most important content in the image. There are several ways how to approach this problem. The most typical way is to employ various computer vision techniques to analyze the image, which we want to annotate. Another, completely different approach is to utilize the text provided with the image and try to capture the most important ideas in the text and use those ideas to generate the annotations. In my project, I focused on the latter technique. I utilized textual information that was accompanied with an image to infer most likely words that could be used in the caption of that image. I was operating under the assumption that captions of an image are highly correlated with the most important information in the text. Given that I was using BBC news dataset, this was a perfectly reasonable assumption to make. In my project, I experimented with several different approaches. Initially, I implemented tf-idf text representation and used it as a baseline to evaluate my proposed methods performance. My proposed methods consisted of two discriminative models and one generative model. As my discriminative models, I utilized Sentence-Feature and Word-Feature models, which will be described in the later sections. Such a representation allowed me to transform annotation problem into a classification problem, which was much more convenient. For my generative model, I utilized Hidden Markov Model, an idea similar to the one presented in [1].
LyricAlly: Automatic Synchronization of Textual Lyrics to Acoustic Music Signals

We present LyricAlly, a prototype that automatically aligns acoustic musical signals with their corresponding textual lyrics, in a manner similar to manually-aligned karaoke. We tackle this problem based on a multimodal approach, using an appropriate pairing of audio and text processing to create the resulting prototype. LyricAlly's acoustic signal processing uses standard audio features but constrained and informed by the musical nature of the signal. The resulting detected hierarchical rhythm structure is utilized in singing voice detection and chorus detection to produce results of higher accuracy and lower computational costs than their respective baselines. Text processing is employed to approximate the length of the sung passages from the lyrics. Results show an average error of less than one bar for per-line alignment of the lyrics on a test bed of 20 songs (sampled from CD audio and carefully selected for variety). We perform a comprehensive set of system-wide and per-component tests and discuss their results. We conclude by outlining steps for further development.
A Parallel EAX-based Algorithm for Minimizing the Number of Routes in the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows

A parallel EAX-based algorithm for minimizing the number of routes in the vehicle routing problem with time windows is presented. The main contribution is a novel approach concerning the usage of the edge assembly crossover (EAX) operator during exchanging the best solutions between the processes. The objective of the work is to analyze the speedup, achieved accuracy of solutions and scalability of the MPI implementation. For comparisons the selected Gehring and Homberger's (GH) tests are used. The results of the extensive computational experiments indicate that the new algorithm based on the EAX approach is not only very fast but also very effective. The eight new best-known solutions for the GH benchmarking tests were found by making use of the algorithm.
Applied Methods for Trade Policy Analysis: Scale Economies and Imperfect Competition

Introduction The links between trade policy and competition have received intense scrutiny in recent years. Current interest in the policy community follows a long period during which many of the basic tenets of modern industrial organization theory were integrated into the core of mainstream trade theory. A number of empirical studies of commercial policy have attempted to incorporate theoretical insights from this literature into numerical assessments of commercial policy. These include studies of regional integration in North America and Europe (Venables and Smith, 1986, 1989; Cox and Harris, 1985; Francois and Shiells, 1994), studies of national trade policies (de Melo and Tarr, 1992), studies of multi-lateral liberalization (Francois et al., 1994; Haaland and Tollefson, 1994), and sector-focused commercial policy studies (Dixit, 1988; Baldwin and Krugman, 1988a,b). Over roughly the same period during which trade and industrial organization theory were being integrated, developing countries were grappling with the very real consequences of dramatic changes in their trade orientation and domestic economic structure. Since 1980, developing countries have passed through stabilization and adjustment experiences which rival those of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries at any time since the Second World War. For the most part, closer examination of the vivid and diverse lessons of this experience by mainstream trade economists has just begun. It is therefore somewhat ironic that the new school of trade theorists has until recently focused its attention on developed countries, since nowhere has the link between trade and industry structure and conduct been more apparent in recent times than in developing countries.
Using the Twitter Platform as a Research Method in the Information and Social Media Age

Within the context of social media there are rich and massive qualitative sources of data. The intense volume of data produced by social media comprises a promising resource for studying socially constructed language, interactions and behaviours. Research utilising data from social media offers a useful alternative to traditional research methods, which are often restricted and limited by theoretical and methodological boundaries. Social media data are characterised by a qualitative and unstructured nature of using words, either written or spoken, that naturally leads to using a qualitative approach. With social media, researchers immerse themselves with captured social media data as ‘text’. Such involvement poses challenges to researchers, and in particular to identify and locate appropriate data to be collected and develop an appropriate research design that analyses data to its full potential with valid findings. This study contributes methodologically to qualitative research and extends traditional qualitative methods to include the social media platform of designated hashtag of Twitter. Two cases of Organic and Semi-organic Twitter Data are discussed along with research implications and limitations.
Ehlers-Harrison-type transformations in dilaton-axion gravity.

The ten-parametric internal symmetry group is found in the [ital D]=4 Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-axion theory restricted to space-times admitting a Killing vector field. The group includes dilaton-axion SL(2,[ital R]) duality and Harrison-type transformations which are similar to some target-space duality boosts, but act on a different set of variables. A new symmetry is used to derive a seven-parametric family of rotating dilaton-axion Taub-NUT dyons.
Programming and deployment of active objects with application-level scheduling

We extend and implement a modeling language based on concurrent active objects with application-level scheduling policies. The language allows a programmer to assign priorities at the application level, for example, to method definitions and method invocations, and assign corresponding policies to the individual active objects for scheduling the messages. Thus, we leverage scheduling and performance related issues, which are becoming increasingly important in multi-core and cloud applications, from the underlying operating system to the application level. We describe a tool-set to transform models of active objects extended with application-level scheduling policies into Java. This tool-set allows a direct use of Java class libraries; thus, we obtain a full-fledged programming language based on active objects which allows for high-level control of deployment related issues.
Health care costs in the last week of life: associations with end-of-life conversations.

BACKGROUND Life-sustaining medical care of patients with advanced cancer at the end of life (EOL) is costly. Patient-physician discussions about EOL wishes are associated with lower rates of intensive interventions. METHODS Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Cancer Institute, Coping With Cancer is a longitudinal multi-institutional study of 627 patients with advanced cancer. Patients were interviewed at baseline and were followed up through death. Costs for intensive care unit and hospital stays, hospice care, and life-sustaining procedures (eg, mechanical ventilator use and resuscitation) received in the last week of life were aggregated. Generalized linear models were applied to test for cost differences in EOL care. Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection biases. RESULTS Of 603 participants, 188 (31.2%) reported EOL discussions at baseline. After propensity score matching, the remaining 415 patients did not differ in sociodemographic characteristics, recruitment sites, illness acknowledgment, or treatment preferences. Further analyses, adjusted by quintiles of propensity scores and significant confounders, revealed that the mean (SE) aggregate costs of care (in 2008 US dollars) were $1876 ($177) for patients who reported EOL discussions compared with $2917 ($285) for patients who did not, a cost difference of $1041 (35.7% lower among patients who reported EOL discussions) (P =.002). Patients with higher costs had worse quality of death in their final week (Pearson production moment correlation partial r = -0.17, P =.006). CONCLUSIONS Patients with advanced cancer who reported having EOL conversations with physicians had significantly lower health care costs in their final week of life. Higher costs were associated with worse quality of death.
The N400 and Late Positive Complex (LPC) Effects Reflect Controlled Rather than Automatic Mechanisms of Sentence Processing

This study compared automatic and controlled cognitive processes that underlie event-related potentials (ERPs) effects during speech perception. Sentences were presented to French native speakers, and the final word could be congruent or incongruent, and presented at one of four levels of degradation (using a modulation with pink noise): no degradation, mild degradation (2 levels), or strong degradation. We assumed that degradation impairs controlled more than automatic processes. The N400 and Late Positive Complex (LPC) effects were defined as the differences between the corresponding wave amplitudes to incongruent words minus congruent words. Under mild degradation, where controlled sentence-level processing could still occur (as indicated by behavioral data), both N400 and LPC effects were delayed and the latter effect was reduced. Under strong degradation, where sentence processing was rather automatic (as indicated by behavioral data), no ERP effect remained. These results suggest that ERP effects elicited in complex contexts, such as sentences, reflect controlled rather than automatic mechanisms of speech processing. These results differ from the results of experiments that used word-pair or word-list paradigms.
Analysis of Check-Node Merging Decoding for Punctured LDPC Codes with Dual-Diagonal Parity Structure

In this paper, the authors propose new decoding scheme of punctured LDPC codes with dual-diagonal parity structure by merging check nodes connected to the punctured parity nodes. This check-node merging decoding not only needs smaller number of operations at each iteration but also shows faster decoding convergence speed than the conventional erasure decoding. For the binary erasure channel (BEC) and AWGN channel, the authors analyze and compare the check-node merging and the conventional erasure decoding schemes of the punctured LDPC codes with dual-diagonal parity structure using density evolution. Analytical results show that the check-node merging decoding gives faster convergence speed for both BEC and AWGN channel. Also, simulation results are provided to confirm the analytical results.
An Effective Git And Org-Mode Based Workflow For Reproducible Research

In this paper we address the question of developing a lightweight and effective workflow for conducting experimental research on modern parallel computer systems in a reproducible way. Our approach builds on two well-known tools (Git and Org-mode) and enables to address, at least partially, issues such as running experiments, provenance tracking, experimental setup reconstruction or replicable analysis. We have been using such a methodology for two years now and it enabled us to recently publish a fully reproducible article [12]. To fully demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal, we have opened our two year laboratory notebook with all the attached experimental data. This notebook and the underlying Git revision control system enable to illustrate and to better understand the workflow we used.
Holographic descriptions of (near-)extremal black holes in five dimensional minimal supergravity

We have learnt that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of supersymmetric black holes in five-dimensional minimal supergravity can be reproduced from microstate counting via the AdS/CFT and Kerr/CFT correspondence. In this note, we demostrate the coincidence of both formalisms for extremal and near-extremal black holes in five-dimensional minimal supergravity. Connection to AdS_2 gravity is also mentioned.
The Seasonality Of Paid Search Effectiveness From A Long Running Field Test

Paid Search, also known as Search Engine Marketing (SEM), has been the largest channel in online advertising by revenue. Yet its causal effectiveness has been difficult to measure. At eBay marketplace we have developed a hybrid Geo+User experiment approach, and conducted a long-running field test over 17-month period to understand the incrementality of paid search on one of the largest e-commerce platforms in the U.S. The experiment results indicate that paid search campaigns drive statistically significant sales lift to the eBay site, and a portion of the direct sales made via paid search is incremental. More importantly, such incrementality demonstrates strong seasonality during the year, and do not necessarily correlate with the paid search spend levels. Our results also show that the new user acquisition lift is higher than the immediate sales lift on the eBay site from paid search campaigns. These findings provide critical insights for paid search and overall online advertising investment strategies.
Usability characteristic evaluation on administration module of Academic Information System using ISO/IEC 9126 quality model

Administration module in Academic Information System (AIS) is one of modules in AIS to view academic data such as students, academic staff, courses, academic activities and curriculum information. This module is accessed by students, administration staff, faculty, and chairman of the department. Software usability as one of software quality aspects is very important to be considered. The evaluation is needed to determine the level of usability of software. This paper discuss the evaluation of usability characteristic for administration module of ITS' academic information system. The purpose of the evaluation is to determine the usability behavior at AIS administration module using ISO/IEC 9126. ISO/IEC 9126 usability characteristic has six sub characteristics i.e understandability, learnability, operability, attractiveness, and usability compliance. Each sub characteristic has metrics to determine the results of the evaluation. Values of the parameters obtained from the metric calculation software attributes are derived from software documentation. Attributes of software that is used are feature, interface, message, operation, input, and regulation. The results of the evaluation on AIS student administration module show that learnability characteristic generates a zero value. This shows that the student administration module AIS has not have the user assistance feature. Other sub characteristics results have non zero value yet not perfect. Those overall results show that it is required an evolution in AIS so that the quality value will be better.
On (2)-relative cohomology of the Lie algebra of vector fields and differential operators

Abstract Let Vect(ℝ) be the Lie algebra of smooth vector fields on ℝ. The space of symbols Pol(T*ℝ) admits a non-trivial deformation (given by differential operators on weighted densities) as a Vect(ℝ)-module that becomes trivial once the action is restricted to (2) ⊂ Vect(ℝ). The deformations of Pol(T*ℝ), which become trivial once the action is restricted to (2) and such that the Vect(ℝ)-action on them is expressed in terms of differential operators, are classified by the elements of the weight basis of , where denotes the differential cohomology (i.e., we consider only cochains that are given by differential operators) and where D λ,μ = Homdiff(F λ, F μ) is the space of differential operators acting on weighted densities. The main result of this paper is computation of this cohomology. In addition to relative cohomology, we exhibit 2-cocycles spanning and (2).