Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Counseling: A Self Control Model for the Family.

Family Financial Counseling has gone unrecognized as a distinct professional discipline which requires specialized training, a body of knowledge and a considerable amount of expertise on the part of the financial counselor. Too often, family financial counseling is undertaken by a variety of helping professionals who lack the training and knowledge which is essential for the qualitative practice of financial counseling with distraught families. In this article, the writers review contemporary financial counseling practices. The question of whether contemporary financial counseling programs always serve the interest of their clients is discussed, and a self control approach to learfling more effective financial management practices is offered.
Use of Chromatin Immunoprecipitation To Clone Novel E2F Target Promoters

ABSTRACT We have taken a new approach to the identification of E2F-regulated promoters. After modification of a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we cloned nine chromatin fragments which represent both strong and weak in vivo E2F binding sites. Further characterization of three of the cloned fragments revealed that they are bound in vivo not only by E2Fs but also by members of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein family and by RNA polymerase II, suggesting that these fragments represent promoters regulated by E2F transcription complexes. In fact, database analysis indicates that all three fragments correspond to genomic DNA located just upstream of start sites for previously identified mRNAs. One clone, ChET 4, corresponds to the promoter region for beclin 1, a candidate tumor suppressor protein. We demonstrate that another of the clones, ChET 8, is strongly bound by E2F family members in vivo but does not contain a consensus E2F binding site. However, this fragment functions as a promoter whose activity can be repressed by E2F1. Finally, we demonstrate that the ChET 9 promoter contains a consensus E2F binding site, can be activated by E2F1, and drives expression of an mRNA that is upregulated in colon and liver tumors. Interestingly, the characterized ChET promoters do not display regulation patterns typical of known E2F target genes in a U937 cell differentiation system. In summary, we have provided evidence that chromatin immunoprecipitation can be used to identify E2F-regulated promoters which contain both consensus and nonconsensus binding sites and have shown that not all E2F-regulated promoters show identical expression profiles.
Evidence for Distinctive and Intrinsic Defects in Insulin Action in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Women with PCO have a unique but poorly characterized disorder of insulin action. Obese (n = 16) and nonobese (n = 14) PCO women and age- and weight-matched normal, nondiabetic ovulatory women (obese, n = 15; nonobese, n = 17) had insulin action determined in vivo with sequential multiple insulin dose euglycemic clamps and in isolated abdominal adipocytes to clarify the mechanisms of insulin resistance. PCO resulted in significant increases in the ED50 insulin for glucose utilization in vivo (P < 0.001) and in adipocytes (P < 0.01), without significant changes in adipocyte insulin-binding sites. PCO also resulted in significant decreases in maximal insulin-stimulated rates of glucose utilization in vivo (P < 0.01) and in adipocytes (P < 0.01). Obesity resulted in smaller decreases in insulin sensitivity than PCO (ED50 insulin, P < 0.001 in vivo and P < 0.05 in adipocytes), but greater decreases in insulin responsiveness (Vmax P < 0.001 in vivo and in adipocytes). The ED50 insulin for suppression of HGP was increased only in obese PCO women (P < 0.001), and the interactions between PCO and obesity on this parameter were statistically significant. No significant correlations between androgen or estrogen levels and adipocyte insulin binding or action were found. Because insulin binding was not changed, we conclude that the major lesion causing insulin resistance in PCO is a striking decrease in insulin sensitivity secondary to a defect in the insulin receptor and/or postreceptor signal transduction. PCO also is associated with modest but significant decreases in glucose transport. These defects in insulin action appear to represent intrinsic abnormalities that are independent of obesity, metabolic derangements, body fat topography, and sex hormone levels. Conversely, changes in hepatic insulin sensitivity appear to be acquired with obesity.
Spatially Restricted G Protein-coupled Receptor Activity via Divergent Endocytic Compartments*

Background: Following ligand-induced internalization, GPCRs are sorted by diverse receptor motifs and protein interactions. Results: Distinct GPCRs are targeted to a pre-early endosome compartment for their sorting and MAPK signaling. Conclusion: GPCR sorting motifs and their interacting proteins provide specificity in endosomal targeting and receptor signaling. Significance: We describe a system to reprogram GPCR signaling at an unprecedented spatial level. Postendocytic sorting of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is driven by their interactions between highly diverse receptor sequence motifs with their interacting proteins, such as postsynaptic density protein (PSD95), Drosophila disc large tumor suppressor (Dlg1), zonula occludens-1 protein (zo-1) (PDZ) domain proteins. However, whether these diverse interactions provide an underlying functional specificity, in addition to driving sorting, is unknown. Here we identify GPCRs that recycle via distinct PDZ ligand/PDZ protein pairs that exploit their recycling machinery primarily for targeted endosomal localization and signaling specificity. The luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and β2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR), two GPCRs sorted to the regulated recycling pathway, underwent divergent trafficking to distinct endosomal compartments. Unlike B2AR, which traffics to early endosomes (EE), LHR internalizes to distinct pre-early endosomes (pre-EEs) for its recycling. Pre-EE localization required interactions of the LHR C-terminal tail with the PDZ protein GAIP-interacting protein C terminus, inhibiting its traffic to EEs. Rerouting the LHR to EEs, or EE-localized GPCRs to pre-EEs, spatially reprograms MAPK signaling. Furthermore, LHR-mediated activation of MAPK signaling requires internalization and is maintained upon loss of the EE compartment. We propose that combinatorial specificity between GPCR sorting sequences and interacting proteins dictates an unprecedented spatiotemporal control in GPCR signal activity.
Sliding Mode Control of Fuzzy Dynamic Systems

In this paper, a sliding mode control scheme is developed for a class of complex nonlinear systems with their T-S fuzzy models. It is shown that a set of extreme fuzzy subsystems are first derived, and a constructive sliding mode control law is then developed to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop fuzzy system. Simulation results are presented in support of the proposed scheme
The Broadcast-Based Location Dependent Information Service Schemes Under A Geometric Location Model

Location dependent information services(LDISs) produce answers to queries according to the location of the client issuing the query. In LDIS, techniques such as caching, prefetching and broadcasting are effective approaches to reducing the wireless bandwidth requirement and query response time. However, the client’s mobility may lead to inconsistency problems. In this paper, we introduce the broadcast-based LDIS scheme(BBS) for the mobile computing environment. In the BBS, broadcasted data objects are sorted sequentially based on their location, and the server broadcasts the location dependent data(LDD) without additional indices. Then, we present a data prefetching scheme and OBC(Object Boundary Circle) in order to reduce the client’s tuning time. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated in relation to various environmental variables, such as the distributions of the data objects, the average speed of the clients and the size of the service area.
Working Weeks, Rave Weekends: Identity Fragmentation and the Emergence of New Communities

Popular music is one of the most ubiquitous forms of contemporary culture. This paper looks at the phenomenon known as rave or dance culture in Britain. It examines the nature of the consumer experience at a dance club through the use of a two stage methodology. Based on observations and the collection of phenomenological data, the findings suggest that the experience is linked to a series of behaviours, which are related to fragmentation and identity. These include narcissistic identity, the emergence of new communities, the need for escape, engagement and prolonged hedonism. The paper examines these concepts in relation to postmodern consumption. In particular, an evaluation of postmodern theory and its focus on fragmentation and the project of the self is offered, by arguing for a return to "community".
Cross-Language Priming from Ignored Words: Evidence for a Common Representational System in Bilinguals☆

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to examine cross-language priming from ignored stimuli in bilinguals. In Experiment 1, bilinguals categorized a focally attended number while ignoring flanking words during a prime trial and then made lexical decisions to probe letter strings. When probe words were semantic associates of previously ignored flanker words, cross-language negative priming occurred only when the ignored flankers were in the subject's first language (L1), and the probe target was in the second language (L2). Using translation equivalents rather than semantic associates, the second experiment found that cross-language negative priming occurred in both the L1-L2 and the L2-L1 conditions. However, there was still an asymmetry with more negative priming occurring in the L1-L2 condition. These results suggest that bilinguals access common conceptual representations across languages and support a revised hierarchical model of bilingual memory organization (Kroll & Stewart, 1994).
Social evaluation fear in childhood and adolescence: Normative developmental course and continuity of individual differences

Using cross-sectional (N = 910) and longitudinal (N = 261) data from Gullone and King's (1993, 1997) studies of normal fear in children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years, the normative developmental pattern of social evaluation fear and the continuity of individual differences were investigated. Participants' responses were analysed according to two subscales (Social Evaluation and Punishment) within the Failure and Criticism scale of the Fear Survey Schedule. The findings indicated that: (a) social evaluation fear increased between childhood and adolescence, while punishment fear decreased, (b) individual differences in social evaluation fear displayed only modest continuity over the 3-year follow-up period, (c) continuity of social evaluation fear increased with increased age and (d) discontinuity was particularly salient for relatively high fear levels.
Functional MRI Representational Similarity Analysis Reveals a Dissociation between Discriminative and Relative Location Information in the Human Visual System

Neural responses in visual cortex are governed by a topographic mapping from retinal locations to cortical responses. Moreover, at the voxel population level early visual cortex (EVC) activity enables accurate decoding of stimuli locations. However, in many cases information enabling one to discriminate between locations (i.e., discriminative information) may be less relevant than information regarding the relative location of two objects (i.e., relative information). For example, when planning to grab a cup, determining whether the cup is located at the same retinal location as the hand is hardly relevant, whereas the location of the cup relative to the hand is crucial for performing the action. We have previously used multivariate pattern analysis techniques to measure discriminative location information, and found the highest levels in EVC, in line with other studies. Here we show, using representational similarity analysis, that availability of discriminative information in fMRI activation patterns does not entail availability of relative information. Specifically, we find that relative location information can be reliably extracted from activity patterns in posterior intraparietal sulcus (pIPS), but not from EVC, where we find the spatial representation to be warped. We further show that this variability in relative information levels between regions can be explained by a computational model based on an array of receptive fields. Moreover, when the model's receptive fields are extended to include inhibitory surround regions, the model can account for the spatial warping in EVC. These results demonstrate how size and shape properties of receptive fields in human visual cortex contribute to the transformation of discriminative spatial representations into relative spatial representations along the visual stream.
Classifier Utility Visualization by Distance-Preserving Projection of High Dimensional Performance D

In this paper, we propose approaching the problem of classifier evaluation in terms of a projection from a highdimensional space to a visualizable two-dimensional one. Rather than collapsing confusion matrices into a single measure the way traditional evaluation methods do, we consider the vector composed of the entries of the confusion matrix (or the confusion matrices in case several domains are considered simultaneously) as the performance evaluation vector, and project it into a two dimensional space using a recently proposed distance-preserving projection method. This approach is shown to be particularly useful in the case of comparison of several classifiers on many domains as well as in the case of multiclass classification. Furthermore, by providing simultaneous multiple views of the same evaluation data, it allows for a quick and accurate assessment of classifier performance.
Macroscopic Asymmetry of Dynamic Rupture on a Bimaterial Interface With Velocity- Weakening Friction

We study in-plane ruptures on a bimaterial fault governed by a velocity-weakening friction with a regularized normal stress response. Numerical simulations and analytical estimates provide characterization of the ranges of velocity-weakening scales, nucleation lengths and background stresses for which ruptures behave as cracks or pulses, decaying or sustained, bilateral or unilateral. With strongly velocity-weakening friction, ruptures occur under a wide range of conditions as large-scale pulses with a preferred propagation direction, that of slip of the more compliant material. Such ruptures have macroscopic asymmetry manifested by significantly larger seismic potency and propagation distance in the preferred direction, and clearly quantified by the directivity ratio derived from the second order moments of the spatio-temporal distribution of slip rate. The macroscopic rupture asymmetry of the large-scale pulses stems from the difference in the criticality conditions for self-sustained propagation in each rupture direction, induced by the asymmetric normal stress changes operating in bimaterial interfaces. In contrast, crack-like ruptures show macroscopic asymmetry under restrictive conditions. The discussed mechanism is robust with respect to regularization parameters, ranges of stress heterogeneities and a proxy for off-fault yielding and should operate similarly for crustal-scale rupture pulses even in the absence of velocity-weakening. Small-scale pulses, driven by the bimaterial normal stress reduction at the scale of the process zone, can detach from the rupture front of the large-scale pulses that propagate in the preferred direction. However, their occurrence depends on the relaxation scale in the regularization of the normal stress response and their development can be hindered by off-fault yielding.
An Iterative Multi Range Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Algorithm for Polyphonic Music Transcription

This article presents a novel iterative algorithm based on Non-negative Matrix Factorisation (NMF) that is particularly well suited to the task of automatic music transcription (AMT). Compared with previous NMF based techniques, this one does not aim at factorizing the time-frequency representation of the entire musical signal into a combination of the possible set of notes. Instead, the proposed algorithm proceeds iteratively by initially decomposing a part of the time-frequency representation into a combination of a small subset of all possible notes then re-investing this information in the following step involving a large subset of notes. Speciﬁcally, starting with the lowest octave of notes that is of interest, each iteration increases the set of notes under consideration by an octave. The resolution of a lower dimensionality problem used to properly initialize matrices for a more complex problem, results in a gain of some percent in the transcription accuracy.
De Sitter Space in Supergravity and M Theory

Two ways in which de Sitter space can arise in supergravity theories are discussed. In the first, it arises as a solution of a conventional supergravity, in which case it necessarily has no Killing spinors. For example, de Sitter space can arise as a solution of N = 8 gauged supergravities in four or five dimensions. These lift to solutions of 11-dimensional supergravity or D = 10 IIB supergravity which are warped products of de Sitter space and non-compact spaces of negative curvature. In the second way, de Sitter space can arise as a supersymmetric solution of an unconventional supergravity theory, which typically has some kinetic terms with the ``wrong'' sign; such solutions are invariant under a de Sitter supergroup. These solutions lift to supersymmetric solutions of unconventional supergravities in D = 10 or D = 11, which nonetheless arise as field theory limits of theories that can be obtained from M-theory by timelike T-dualities and related dualities. Brane solutions interpolate between these solutions and flat space and lead to a holographic duality between theories in de Sitter vacua and euclidean conformal field theories. Previous results are reviewed and generalised, and discussion is included of Kaluza-Klein theory with non-compact internal spaces, brane and cosmological solutions, and holography on de Sitter spaces and product spaces.
Religion and Interconnection With Zimbabwe

The author argues that the continuous connection between Zimbabwean Diasporic Canadians (ZDC) and their homeland Zimbabwe is facilitated by the ZDC’s ongoing relationship and involvement with Zimbabwean African Indigenous Religion (AIR) and Zimbabwean African Initiated Churches (AICs). The two spiritual institutions are used as vehicles to alleviate cultural and racial discrimination as well as the socioeconomic challenges faced by the ZDC. The methodologies of interviews and participant observation were used. Research indicates that ZDC maintain their ties with Zimbabwe through continued engagement with AIR and AIC, who establish and assert themselves as vehicles of interaction and interdependence between Zimbabwe and the ZDC. In addition to their religious preoccupation, these institutions also play an important economic and social role in the lives of the ZDC. The conclusion is that ZDC did not make a complete break with their homeland.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CRIMINAL CONDUCT

usually recognized that there is a greater need and possible utility of psychology. The antisocial behaviour of juveniles, violence against women, sexual aggressions, the consumption of alcohol and other drugs linked to many crimes, social exclusion and frustration as a base for aggression, or terrorism, all cause great distress in society and urge a more complete understanding that will lead to its prevention. Although all these phenomena have a multifactorial origin, some of their psychological dimensions are key, as it is a human subject who performs the antisocial behaviour. In criminal conduct, interactions, thoughts and choices, emotions, rewards, personality traits and profiles, learning and socializations, beliefs and attitudes, attributions, expectancies, etc. are involved. Throughout the second half of the twentieth century and up to the present, an authentic Psychology of delinquency and crime has taken shape. Based on psychology’s general knowledge and methods, research studies are carried out and specific knowledge is generated in service of a better understanding of criminal phenomena. Its applications are proving to be relevant and promising for both explaining and predicting criminal conduct (Bartol & Bartol, 2005; Blackburn, 1994; Hanson & Bussière, 1998; Quinsey, Harris, Rice & Cormier, 1998) as well as for designing and applying prevention and treatment THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CRIMINAL CONDUCT
Reliable quantum computers

The new field of quantum error correction has developed spectacularly since its origin less than two years ago. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the environment. Recovery from errors can work effectively even if occasional mistakes occur during the recovery procedure. Furthermore, encoded quantum information can be processed without serious propagation of errors. Hence, an arbitrarily long quantum computation can be performed reliably, provided that the average probability of error per quantum gate is less than a certain critical value, the accuracy threshold. A quantum computer storing about 106 qubits, with a probability of error per quantum gate of order 10–6, would be a formidable factoring engine. Even a smaller less–accurate quantum computer would be able to perform many useful tasks. This paper is based on a talk presented at the ITP Conference on Quantum Coherence and Decoherence, 15 to 18 December 1996.
Experimental Evaluation of an Adaptive Boosting By Filtering Algorithm

In this paper we present an empirical comparison of algorithm AdaBoost with its modification called MadaBoost suitable for the boosting by filtering framework. In the boosting by filtering one obtains an unweighted sample at each stage that is randomly drawn from the current modified distribution in contrast with the boosting by subsampling where one uses a weighted sample at each stage. A boosting algorithm for the filtering framework might be very useful in situations where we have a very large dataset and we want to reduce the running time of the base learner using random sampling. AdaBoost was originally designed for boosting by subsampling and it can be shown that is not suitable for boosting by filtering since generating a new sample at each iteration from the modified distribution might take exponential time. The modification we propose is very simple, we just bound the weights at each step using its initial value as a saturation bound so they weights cannot become arbitrarily large as it happens in AdaBoost. We experimentally show that there is not significant difference in accuracy compared with AdaBoost while it is much more efficient in terms of running time in generating a sample from the modified distribution at each step. This difference might be crucial when trying to use boosting with a large dataset.