Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
JOS VAN DEN HASPEL DISTRIBUTED CONTROL OF REFRIGERATORS FOR THE SMART GRID

Weather-dependent energy sources such as wind and solar power lack the flexibility to adjust their power supply in response to the demand. To facilitate the integration of these renewable sources the electricity demand needs to respond to the available electricity supply. Thermostatically controlled loads such as refrigerators and electric water heaters are useful for this due to their autonomous operation, thermal bu↵er property, and high aggregate power demand. The work in this thesis is aimed at controlling a large-scale population of these thermostatically controlled loads to ensure that the aggregate power demand of these appliances matches the available renewable power supply. Instead of a large centralized controller a distributed approach is chosen to provide robustness, modularity, and scalability. By using distributed model predictive control (DMPC), local controllers are able to anticipate on future events and to directly integrate local constraints such as user comfort levels. However, the majority of thermostatically controlled loads is constrained to binary on/o↵ inputs, complicating the DMPC optimization due to discrete ‘jumps’ in the negotiations among controllers. Existing DMPC approaches make use of additional heuristics to terminate the optimization when these jumps result in non-converging oscillations. The contributions of the work in this thesis are twofold. First, the potential of demand response using thermostatically controlled loads is investigated and translated into initial guidelines for a feasible match between the renewable supply and aggregate demand. Secondly, a serial implementation of feasiblecooperation DMPC is proposed to control the appliances. Closed-loop simulations show that unlike parallel DMPC methods from the literature such an approach converges towards the centralized MPC solution. Moreover, communication and computation requirements of the serial approach scale linearly with the amount of subsystems, without requiring a centralized coordinating agent.
Phylogeny, phylogenetic inference, and cranial evolution in pitheciids and Aotus

Pitheciids, one of the major radiations of New World monkeys endemic to South and Central America, are distributed in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and include Callicebus, Cacajao, Chiropotes, and Pithecia. Molecular phylogenetics strongly support pitheciid monophyly, whereas morphological analyses infer a range of phylogenies including a sister relationship between Aotus and Callicebus. We collected geometric morphometric cranial data from pitheciids and Aotus, and used cranial data for distance‐based phylogenetic analysis and tests of phylogenetic signal. Phylogenetic analyses of pitheciids were repeated with Lagothrix, Callimico, and Saimiri outgroups for Procrustes shape with and without Aotus based on the whole cranium and six anatomical regions. All phylogenetic signal tests were significant, and tree lengths were shortest and had the least morphological change over the phylogeny for Procrustes residuals from the cranial base and palate. The majority of phylogenetic analyses of Procrustes shape for pitheciids without Aotus supported the molecular phylogeny, and with Aotus included the majority inferred an Aotus–Callicebus clade, although three analyses with Callimico as outgroup supported the molecular phylogeny. The morphological similarity of Aotus and Callicebus is likely a mix of plesiomorphy, allometry, and homoplasy, and future phylogenetic inference of living and extinct platyrrhine taxa should consider the impact of these factors alongside outgroup selection and cranial region.
Purine metabolism in mouse ascites tumor cells. III. In vivo incorporation of preformed purines into nucleotides and polynucleotides.

Summary The in vitro incorporation of guanosine, guanosine-5′-monophosphate, adenosine, and adenosine-5′-monophosphate was studied in ascites cells during incubation periods of 5–60 minutes. Specific radioactivity of DNA purines relative to the specific activity of RNA purines at 60 minutes was not as high as when glycine-2-C 14 was the precursor. Nucleoside was incorporated more rapidly than nucleotide into cellular acid-soluble nucleotides and nucleic acids, and nucleoside diluted the incorporation of nucleotide into nucleic acids more than nucleotide diluted that of nucleoside. Both nucleoside and nucleotide precursors rapidly labeled the corresponding intracellular mono-, di-, and triphosphates. The specific activities of acid-soluble purine derivatives from cells and medium extracted separately with perchloric acid indicated that certain reactions were occurring at or near the cell membrane and that some of the products of these reactions were released into the medium without equilibration with the total cellular pools. The medium after incubation with ascites cells could not carry out the conversion of adenosine to AMP, so that extracellular enzymes were not responsible for the observed results. In addition to reactions near the cell surface, interconversions were occurring among acid-soluble compounds held more firmly within the cell, and products of the two sets of reactions were equilibrating, the nucleosides faster than nucleotides. Labeling and dilution data indicated that at least a considerable portion of the exogenous nucleotide reached the intracellular nucleotides after conversion to the nucleoside and that a large part of the exogenous nucleoside went to nucleotide before conversion, via inosine-5′-monophosphate and xanthosine-5′-monophosphate, to the other purine nucleotides.
Mapping QTLs for drought tolerance in a SEA 5 x AND 277 common bean cross with SSRs and SNP markers

Abstract The common bean is characterized by high sensitivity to drought and low productivity. Breeding for drought resistance in this species involves genes of different genetic groups. In this work, we used a SEA 5 x AND 277 cross to map quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance in order to assess the factors that determine the magnitude of drought response in common beans. A total of 438 polymorphic markers were used to genotype the F8 mapping population. Phenotyping was done in two greenhouses, one used to simulate drought and the other to simulate irrigated conditions. Fourteen traits associated with drought tolerance were measured to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The map was constructed with 331 markers that covered all 11 chromosomes and had a total length of 1515 cM. Twenty-two QTLs were discovered for chlorophyll, leaf and stem fresh biomass, leaf biomass dry weight, leaf temperature, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight, days to flowering, dry pod weight and total yield under well-watered and drought (stress) conditions. All the QTLs detected under drought conditions showed positive effects of the SEA 5 allele. This study provides a better understanding of the genetic inheritance of drought tolerance in common bean.
CD56+-T-Cell Responses to Bacterial Superantigens and Immune Recognition of Attenuated Vaccines

ABSTRACT Natural killer T (NKT) cells, coexpressing natural killer (NK) and T-cell receptors (TCR), are associated with immunity to viruses, tumors, and parasites. A well-characterized subclass of these NKT cells expresses biased TCR and recognizes glycolipids such as α-galactoceramide, which is found naturally only in marine sponges and presented by the cell surface glycoprotein CD1d. However, a larger number of T cells present in human blood coexpress the NK marker CD56 and unbiased TCR and do not appear to require CD1 for antigen presentation. Observing high frequencies of CD4 and CD8 coreceptor expression in human CD56+ T cells, we examined the potential role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules in the activation of these cells. Activation of mononuclear cells with bacterial superantigens presented by MHC class II molecules resulted in increased frequency of CD56+ T cells. Primarily, CD4+ cells within the CD56+-T-cell population responded to the bacterial superantigens, and cytokine expression profiles were Th1-like. Further, increased levels of T cells expressing CD56 were observed in mononuclear cell cultures responding to a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine or tetanus toxoid. Collectively, our data suggest that a significant number of CD56+ T cells recognize pathogen-associated ligands in association with MHC class II molecules.
Relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in women with breast cancer based upon the theory of unpleasant symptoms.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify direct, mediating, and moderating relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in Korean women with breast cancer based upon a middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 125 women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer was recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. The women completed questionnaires on mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function using the Linear Analogue Self-Assessment Scale, the Symptom Experience Scale, and the Attentional Function Index, respectively. RESULTS Each mood disturbance and symptom experience showed a significant relationship with attentional function. Symptom experience did not act as a mediator between mood disturbance and attentional function, but it did act as a moderator: patients with a higher level of mood disturbance exhibited a lower level of attentional function when their symptoms were at the level of medium, but not when their symptoms were either high or low. CONCLUSION This suggests that clinical interventions for attenuating the influence of mood disturbance on attentional function may be effective only in women experiencing medium level of symptoms.
The Association Analysis for Construction Laws and Regulations Data

Association analysis is especially important to users. It is becoming very important to provide association recommendation by the association analysis of construction laws and regulations data for the users. Extracted features from each document, the cumulative frequency of 85% of the requirement that has made the feature bearing the most message of the text, summary of all text feature form the feature set of laws and regulations of construction data and make it impossible for association analysis of outlier text features. In gray correlation analysis, the system features is corresponding to the features of laws and regulations of construction data, the corresponding 'sequence item' is corresponding to 'text' that the sub-vector of feature vector. Furthermore, according to the features of construction laws and regulations and referring to the modeling thinking of text vector space model, the vector space model of the data characteristics is established. From analyzing the definition of the frequency item sets, the method to obtain the data characteristic frequent item sets laws and regulations of construction is expounded. From the angle of data characteristic association the generalized gray absolute association degree is improved. Then the association rules of data characteristic are educed and the recall rate of construction laws and regulations data is raised. The effectiveness of this association analysis method is verified on the experiments of construction laws and regulations date sets of Shannxi province.
Memorias de traducción en TMX compartidas por Internet

Introducción En traducción automática es un lugar común afirmar que la calidad está reñida con la cobertura, es decir, que es más o menos viable desarrollar sistemas que traduzcan en ámbitos restringidos (como los partes meteorológicos), pero muy complicado, si no imposible, ampliar el ámbito sin perder calidad. La mayoría de los analistas sostienen que este problema es casi insalvable, dada la variedad de estilos, registros, interpretaciones, etc. que pueden darse en los textos sin restricciones. El mercado actual de software de traducción refleja además esta situación perfectamente. Sin embargo, la comunidad científica dispone de los conocimientos teóricos y tecnológicos para que esta limitación deje de serlo pronto. El problema que queda por resolver no es de índole científica ni tecnológica, sino logística. La solución fue sugerida recientemente en Language International 10.6 por Minako O'Hagan, autora de The coming industry of teletranslation, y consiste en convertir Internet en una inmensa memoria de traducción.
Proposed a new Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm based on Electrical Rules

Every day, people deal with different types of data and different types of measurements and observations. Data describe the characteristics of data and summarize the result of experiment. Clustering or classification of data is an important activity to partitioning the data point in to similarity classes. One of the problemswithFuzzy C-Means (FCM) is that this algorithm cannot produce a good partitioning where the objective function is minimizing.The proposed fuzzy clustering algorithm uses electrical rules in FCM to obtain a low degree of variation and a large separation distance between clusters with respect to minimizing the objective function of FCM algorithm.Our algorithm optimized the validity indexes of Bezdek when the number of clusters is in the best state.Experiment results show the effectiveness of our proposed clustering model.
Propuesta de descripción y clasificación de los productos de debitado desde la tipología analítica

Este trabajo plantea una propuesta de descripcion y clasificacion de los productos de debitado siguiendo unos parametros similares a los establecidos por la Tipologia Analitica. En este sentido, se intenta realizar una estructuracion tipologica de los productos obtenidos tras la manipulacion tecnica de cualquier masa litica, en este caso el silex. Para ello, nos centraremos en el estudio tipologico de las caras dorsales de dichos productos, mediante el empleo de unos criterios tales como orientacion, direccion, delineacion y articulacion, mas dos criterios complementarios como la localizacion y la amplitud. El fin de esta propuesta tipologica es poder realizar un estudio tipologico de caracter universal que englobe bajo una misma metodologia todos los productos liticos presentes en el registro arqueologico.
Singlet oxygen-induced signaling effects in mammalian cells

Singlet oxygen, an electronically excited form of molecular oxygen, may be generated photochemically or in dark reactions in vivo . Singlet oxygen is not only toxic to cells and impairs signaling events but is also capable of eliciting a cellular stress response. The signaling processes initiated in this response include the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Two possible activation mechanisms of signaling pathways by singlet oxygen are the generation of positive regulators as well as the inactivation of negative regulators.
Longitudinal physical activity and diet patterns in the 1958 British Birth Cohort.

PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate, in the 1958 British birth cohort, physical activity and diet frequency indicators in persons between the ages of 33 and 42 yr. We also assessed whether activity level in adulthood was influenced by activity or television viewing in adolescence or early adulthood and to examine change in diet quality and whether any change was related to change in activity level. METHODS Main outcome measures were frequency of leisure physical activity and consumption frequencies of fruit, salad or raw vegetables, fried food, chips, sweets, and biscuits, at 33 and 42 yr of age. A total of 9769 participants contributed data at both time points. Activity and television viewing frequency were measured in persons at 11, 16, and 23 yr of age. RESULTS Between the ages of 33 and 42 yr, tracking (Spearman correlation) coefficients for food items were similar for men and women and varied from 0.23 for fried food to 0.49 for fruit and, for physical activity, were 0.31 in men and 0.23 in women. From 11 to 42 yr, activity tracking was low; the longitudinal correlation coefficient was 0.09 for males, and 0.07 for females. Correlations between activity in adolescence and adulthood (33 or 42 yr) were generally low (0.002-0.20); those for television viewing in adolescence and activity in adulthood even lower (-0.08 to 0.02). Overall improvement in diet quality was very small, but those who increased their physical activity frequency showed greater improvements in diet quality than those who decreased their activity frequency. CONCLUSIONS Tracking of physical activity and diet in midadulthood is low to moderate, which may partly be caused by measurement methods. Television viewing has no influence on subsequent physical activity frequency. Improvements in physical activity and dietary habits appear to be related.
Technical standards for recording and interpretation of neonatal electroencephalogram in clinical practice

Neonatal electroencephalogram (EEG), though often perceived as being difficult to record and interpret, is relatively easy to study due to the immature nature of the brain, which expresses only a few well-defined set of patterns. The EEG interpreter needs to be aware of the maturational changes as well as the effect of pathological processes and medication on brain activity. It gives valuable information for the treatment and prognostication in encephalopathic neonates. In this group, serial EEGs or EEG monitoring often gives additional information regarding deterioration/improvement of the brain function or occurrence of seizures.
The Clinical Interview for Depression: A Comprehensive Review of Studies and Clinimetric Properties

Background: A comprehensive assessment of the wide spectrum of depressive symptomatology, particularly in its subclinical forms, is lacking in standard rating scales. There is also an emerging need for instruments that can detect small differences in therapeutic studies and have good sensitivity. The purpose of this paper is to review the clinimetric characteristics of Paykel’s Clinical Interview for Depression (CID) and to examine the results of the studies in which the interview has been used. Methods: Published reports which involved the use of the CID were identified by searching the following electronic databases: Medline, PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science. A manual search of the literature was also performed. Results: The initial strategies yielded 169 published reports for potential inclusion in the review: 98 are discussed here. The CID has been used extensively in a variety of studies, including descriptive studies, classification by means of factor analysis and cluster analysis, and predictor variables of response to treatment or relapse. The CID has also been used as an outcome measure in several controlled clinical trials and follow-up studies of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of affective disorders. It has been shown to be valid and reliable, to discriminate depressives from controls, or different subgroups of depressed patients, and to reflect changes during the course of treatment, particularly when individual symptoms are considered. Conclusions: Evidence from these studies highlights the utility of the CID in clinical research and practice. Its clinimetric characteristics, particularly the broad evaluation of affective symptomatology and the sensitivity to change, make it an instrument of choice in therapeutic trials.
Effects of Interdependence Characteristics on the Robustness of Interconnected Networks

Modern real networks contain many complex topological features such as clustering, hub nodes or interlayer connections that cannot be simply described using simple random networks. Previous works in this area are mainly focused on random and scale-free networks, while the effects of clustering and the nature of interconnection links on network percolation are relatively unexplored. In this paper, interdependent random networks, smallworld networks and scale-free networks are subjected to random attacks of various sizes to study their robustness. It was found that directed dependency between two networks can induce much more catastrophic network breakdowns than undirected dependency. The high clustering level of a network was also found to be detrimental to network vulnerability.
Spin relaxation by dipolar coupling: From motional narrowing to the rigid limit

A coupled system of two molecules bearing spins of 1/2, which are allowed to diffuse relative to each other, is considered. By using a symmetry-adapted basis operator set, the overall density matrix equation is decoupled into two equations for the time-resolved isochromat components, the sum of which yields the observed signal. The appropriate stochastic Liouville equation is solved by a combination of eigenfunction expansion and finite-differences for the angular and radial relative motions, respectively. A full range of spectra from classic Pake patterns in the rigid limit to motionally narrowed Lorentzians is recovered. As an extension of the above approach, the solid-echo experiment is described in terms of the ensemble-averaged isochromats. Homogeneous transverse relaxation times (T2) as a function of the translational diffusion coefficient (DT) are obtained from simulating SECSY (spin-echo correlation spectroscopy) signals, which show distinct T2 minima vs DT. The present method of separating the qu.
The impact of occupational health and safety regulations on prevention through design in construction projects: Perspectives from Spain and the United Kingdom.

BACKGROUND Since the mid-1990 s, Prevention through Design (PtD) has become increasingly prevalent in the built environment. The acceptance of PtD has largely been due to the removal or reduction of risks during the execution phase of construction projects. European States have had the added impetus of national legislation. OBJECTIVE This paper analyzes the influence of European Union Directive 92/57/EEC on occupational safety and health injury prevention in the project design phase. METHODS Qualitative methods comprised individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups with a panel of experts. Sixty individuals from construction and related professions (architects, engineers, constructors, developers, and other construction experts) answered 17 key questions to establish national perceptions of the effectiveness of Directive 92/57/EEC in Spain and the United Kingdom (UK). RESULTS The implementation of PtD in the project design phase in the UK is clearer since the regulations explicitly state the obligations of project designers as well as those of the coordinator. Interviews with Spanish experts show that, in Spain, the prevention culture is less frequently realized. CONCLUSIONS The most significant differences between the European Directive and national regulations which influence PtD are linked to the Health and Safety Coordinator, and Health and Safety documents.
Some Observations on European Witchcraft

As a historian of religions, I cannot fail to be impressed by the amazing popularity of witchcraft in modern Western culture and subculture. However, in the present essay I will not discuss this craze because the contemporary interest in witchcraft is only part and parcel of a larger trend, namely, the vogue of the occult and the esoteric-from astrology and pseudospiritualist movements to Hermetism, alchemy, Zen, Yoga, Tantrism, and other Oriental gnoses and techniques. But no less fascinating for a historian of religions are the recent attempts at interpretation and controversies relating to the origin and growth of Western witchcraft, particularly the reexaminations of the sixteenthand seventeenthcentury witch craze. One has only to quote the works of Itienne Delcambre, H. R. Trevor-Roper, J. B. Russell, or Keith Thomas to realize the importance of such problems in contemporary historiography. ' I shall utilize some of these works, but I will not