Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel Metaphor and Scientific Discourse Come to Terms: A Case Study of Metaphorical Prototerms in Biology

Novel metaphorical expressions have been understudied in traditional approaches to terminology because they normally behave as sporadic units incapable of structuring whole discourse events. To show that this is not always the case, this paper presents a case study of novel BIOECONOMICS metaphors in an academic marine biology research article (Landa 1998). They were analysed following two paradigms: (i) the Career of Metaphor Theory (Bowdle and Gentner 2005), a solid framework for the description of novel metaphor in usage; and (ii) the text-linguistics approach to term description (Collet 2004), which suggests a set of criteria for term definition that challenges the prescriptive tenets of monolithic terminology models. The analysis of unexpected metaphors and similes identified in the text suggests that these units should be regarded as proto-terms experienced as deliberate rhetorical and conceptual devices. On a pragmatic level, the metaphors are shown to be part and parcel of the writer’s discursive strategy to communicate specialised knowledge to her peers and further science. On a conceptual level, the metaphors are found to be essential building blocks and structuring elements of the mental model of the article.
An Improved Music Algorithm for Carrier Frequency Offset Estimator in the Uplink of IFDMA System

The carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) in the uplink of interleaved frequency division multiple access (IFDMA) system destroy the orthogonality between users, resulting in severe multiple access interference (MAI). An improved MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithm is proposed to estimate CFO in this paper. In contrast to conventional MUSIC schemes which require multi-dimensional search over the parameter space, a signal structure based deterministic estimation algorithm with MUSIC is proposed for estimating the CFOs of all users simultaneously in the uplink of IFDMA system, using only one IFDMA block. Diversity schemes are also presented to improve the estimation performance. The algorithm is attractive owing to the low computational complexity and exhibiting effectiveness in frequency selective channels. The performance of the proposed scheme is confirmed by computer simulations.
An introduction to rational models of cognition

Book synopsis: This book explores a new approach to understanding the human mind - rational analysis - that regards thinking as a facility adapted to the structure of the world. This approach is most closely associated with the work of John R Anderson, who published the original book on rational analysis in 1990. Since then, a great deal of work has been carried out in a number of laboratories around the world, and the aim of this book is to bring this work together for the benefit of the general psychological audience. The book contains chapters by some of the world's leading researchers in memory, categorisation, reasoning, and search, who show how the power of rational analysis can be applied to the central question of how humans think. It will be of interest to students and researchers in cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and animal behaviour.
A Framework for Managing Enterprise Knowledge for Collaborative Decision Support

This paper presents a new knowledge management paradigm in order to assist knowledge workers to make decision effectively and efficiently in the new economy age. The paradigm is called knowledge infused decision support (KIDS) framework for managing knowledge required for complex decisions in manufacturing processes. KIDS framework tackles two kinds of knowledge: quantitative knowledge and qualitative knowledge. Quantitative knowledge is discovered from enterprise's business databases through data mining, and qualitative knowledge like experience and judgment captured from human in the collaborative decision making process. The infusion of quantitative and qualitative knowledge provides better understanding of business processes and the decision contexts for decision makers to make decisions quickly under the pressures of time-and knowledge-based competition. The knowledge is then codified into enterprise's knowledge repository. A knowledge mapping mechanism is also provided in the framework for not only delivering the relevant knowledge to the knowledge workers, but also enabling them to access knowledge from knowledge repository efficiently and effectively at anytime and anywhere. It finally discusses several applications in manufacturing industry in order to speed up design decision making using quantitative and qualitative knowledge.
Meta-analysis of the differentially expressed microRNA profiles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

MicroRNAs(miRNAs), as non-coding molecules, were proved to be correlated with gene expression in naspharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. In this research, a comprehensive meta-analysis of eight independent miRNA expression studies in NPC was preformed by using robust rank aggregation method (RRA), which contained a total of 775 tumor and 227 non-cancerous samples. There were 7 significant dysregulated miRNAs identified including three increased (miR-483–5p, miR-29c-3p and miR-205–5p) and four decreased (miR-29b-3p, let-7d-5p, miR-100– 5p and let-7g-5p) miRNAs. Subsequently, the miRNA target prediction and pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to find out the biological and functional relevant genes involved in the meta-signature miRNA regulation. Finally, several signaling and cancer pathogenesis pathways were suggested to be more frequently associated with the progression of NPC. In this research the meta-signature miRNA identified may be used to develop a series of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for NPC that serve specificity for use in clinics.
Performance Improvement of Multilayer Perceptrons with Increased Output Nodes

When we apply MLPs(multilayer perceptrons) to pattern classification problems, we generally allocate one output node for each class and the index of output node denotes a class. On the contrary, in this paper, we propose to increase the number of output nodes per each class for performance improvement of MLPs. For theoretical backgrounds, we derive the misclassification probability in two class problems with additional outputs under the assumption that the two classes have equal probability and outputs are uniformly distributed in each class. Also, simulations of 50 isolated-word recognition show the effectiveness of our method.
Situated Learning in Virtual Worlds: The Learning Ecology of Second Life

This research investigated the “learning ecology” of the virtual world, Second Life. Study goals were to: (a) determine how the design and social dynamics of one virtual world support as well as constrain various types of learning, and (b) suggest implications for the use of virtual worlds in adult education. Background A burgeoning body of scholarship addresses adult learning in various web-based contexts, from formal online courses to informal contexts such as chatrooms. One type of online “space” attracting a growing number of adults is the social virtual world (Book, 2004; Castronova, 2005; Hayes, 2005). These worlds are characterized by a shared social space, a graphical user interface, real-time interaction, user-generated content, persistence, and active support for in-world social groups (Book, 2004). Social virtual worlds serve as a place for community development, in which people come together for a variety of self and groupdetermined purposes. Social virtual worlds are being adopted for explicitly educational purposes. For example, the U.S. Army contracted with corporate owners of a high-profile virtual world to create a military training environment; Texas AM women account for about 27% of the total registered population, and the average age is around 32 , with a range from 18 – 72. SL was selected for this study because of its popularity, relative longevity, free access (making it open to a wide audience), and potential for use in adult education.
Towards a Unified Approach to Simultaneous Single-Document and Multi-Document Summarizations

Single-document summarization and multi-document summarization are very closely related tasks and they have been widely investigated independently. This paper examines the mutual influences between the two tasks and proposes a novel unified approach to simultaneous single-document and multi-document summarizations. The mutual influences between the two tasks are incorporated into a graph model and the ranking scores of a sentence for the two tasks can be obtained in a unified ranking process. Experimental results on the benchmark DUC datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for both single-document and multi-document summarizations.
Rapid prototyping of multivariable PI regulators for AC drives using TMS320F2812

This paper shows how a real-time simulation can be applied for rapid prototyping of an unconventional current regulator in electrical drives. The case study refers to a permanent magnet synchronous motor, with field oriented speed control algorithm arranged in the rotor fixed d-q frame. The novelty introduced in this control scheme is represented by the use of a novel PI current regulator, formerly called multivariable. This regulator has some additional features, like the capability to conduct the machine into the flux-weakening operating area. In the rapid prototyping system, based on the TMS320F2812 microcontroller, the actual motor is replaced by a proper model running on the controller, while the control algorithm is implemented as in the actual application. The case study demonstrates the simplicity of the proposed approach, leading to a sure save of time during the testing and troubleshooting action.
Joint Arthrography with MRI Image Overlay : Porcine Trials

G. S. Fischer, A. Deguet, C. Csoma, R. H. Taylor, L. Fayad, S. J. Zinreich, G. Fichtinger Engineering Research Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States Introduction: In contemporary practice, MR Arthrography (MRA) consists of two consecutive sessions: 1) a fluoroscopically or CT-guided needle placement session to inject gadolinium contrast into the joint space and 2) a diagnostic MRI imaging session to evaluate the condition of the joint. Our approach to MRA is to eliminate the separate radiologically guided needle insertion and contrast injection procedure by performing those tasks on conventional high-field closed MRI scanners. We propose a 2D augmented reality image overlay device to guide needle insertion, thereby making diagnostic high-field magnets available for interventions without a complex engineering entourage. The device consists of an LCD screen that projects images onto a semi-transparent mirror. Looking at the patient through the mirror, the MRI image appears to be floating inside the patient with correct size and position, thereby providing the physician with two-dimensional tomographic vision to guide needle placement procedures from any view point.
Social networks of men who have sex with men and their implications for HIV/STI interventions: results from a cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in a large and a small city in Tanzania

Objective Men who have sex with men (MSM) in sub-Saharan Africa remain hidden and hard to reach for involvement in HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services. The aim of the current study was to describe MSM social networks in a large and a small Tanzanian city in order to explore their utility for peer-based healthcare interventions. Methods Data were collected through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in Dar es Salaam (n=197) and in Tanga (n=99) in 2012 and 2013, using 5 and 4 seeds, respectively. All results were adjusted for RDS sampling design. Results Mean personal network size based on the number of MSM who were reported by the participants, as known to them was 12.0±15.5 in Dar es Salaam and 7.6±8.1 in Tanga. Mean actual RDS network size was 39.4±31.4 in Dar es Salaam and 25.3±9.7 in Tanga. A majority (97%) reported that the person from whom they received the recruitment coupon was a sexual partner, close friend or acquaintance. Homophile in recruitment patterns (selective affiliation) was present for age, gay openness, and HIV status in Dar es Salaam, and for sexual identification in Tanga. Conclusions The personal network sizes and existence of contacts between recruiter and referral indicate that it is possible to use peer-driven interventions to reach MSM for HIV/STI interventions in larger and smaller sub-Saharan African cities. The study was reviewed and approved by the University of Texas Health Science Center's Institutional Review Board (HSC-SPH-10-0033) and the Tanzanian National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol. IX/1088).
Message Dependency-Based Adaptation of Services

Mismatch patterns capture the possible differences between two service (business) protocols to adapt. For these mismatches, formal definitions are presented in this paper. And a novel technique provides support for adapting two or more services. This technique requires that messages and message dependencies are used to directly model service (business) protocols and form a novel model, called a\emph{protocol structure}. Unlike most of existing approaches that only consider typical mismatches (e.g. deadlock), this model is easily used to detect multiple mismatches at a time and to automatically generate BPEL adapters.
Comparative microarray data analysis for the expression of genes in the pathway of glioma

Our present work focuses on the set of genes, which are involved in primary brain tumors ‐ the glioma pathway. These gliomas are mostly malignant (cancerous) in nature and are difficult to be cured and that’s why they attract the attention of all the workers. To understand the relative functionality of these genes, we analyzed the expression pattern of all genes, using gene expression data, at genomic level, and then to check their universality in all other cancers, we compared their expression levels and patterns in all other types of cancers by using gene expression graphs, and observed their expression levels in all these cancers, whether they are over or under expressed. We found that every gene has its own unique expression pattern and level and on that basis it can be classified. We also found that oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that were involved in the glioma pathway were showing similar expression patterns in other cancers too but their expression level is low.
Judging a Brook by Its Cover: The Relation between Ecological Condition of a Stream and Urban Land Cover in New England

Abstract The US Geological Survey conducted an urban land-use study in the New England Coastal Basins (NECB) area during 2001 to determine how urbanization relates to changes in the ecological condition of streams. Thirty sites were selected that differed in their level of watershed development (low to high). An urban intensity value was calculated for each site from 24 landscape variables. Together, these 30 values reppresented a gradient of urban intensity. Among various biological, chemical, and physical factors surveyed at each site, benthic invertebrate assemblages were sampled from stream riffles and also from multiple habitats along the length of the sampling reach. We use some of the NECB data to derive a four-variable urbanintensity index (NECB-UII), where each variable represents a distinct component of urbanization: increasing human presence, expanding infrastructure, landscape development, and riparian vegetation loss. Using the NECB-UII as a characterization of urbanization, we describe how landscape fragmentation occurs with urbanization and how changes in the invertebrate assemblages, represented by metrics of ecological condition, are related to urbanization. Metrics with a strong linear response included EPT taxa richness, percentage richness of non-insect taxa, and pollution-tolerance values. Additionally, we describe how these relations can help in estimating the expected condition of a stream for its level of urbanization, thereby establishing a baseline for evaluating possible affects from specific point-source stressors.
User, metric, and computational evaluation of foveated rendering methods

Perceptually lossless foveated rendering methods exploit human perception by selectively rendering at different quality levels based on eye gaze (at a lower computational cost) while still maintaining the user's perception of a full quality render. We consider three foveated rendering methods and propose practical rules of thumb for each method to achieve significant performance gains in real-time rendering frameworks. Additionally, we contribute a new metric for perceptual foveated rendering quality building on HDR-VDP2 that, unlike traditional metrics, considers the loss of fidelity in peripheral vision by lowering the contrast sensitivity of the model with visual eccentricity based on the Cortical Magnification Factor (CMF). The new metric is parameterized on user-test data generated in this study. Finally, we run our metric on a novel foveated rendering method for real-time immersive 360° content with motion parallax.
Analysis of physiological response to neutral virtual reality worlds

Using virtual reality technology for exposure therapy to treat patients with anxiety disorders is attracting considerable research attention. The ability to monitor patient anxiety level helps therapists to set appropriate anxiety arousing situations. Physiological measure has been put forward as objective indicator of anxiety levels. Because of individual variation, they need a baseline recording which is often conducted in neutral virtual world which does not include phobic stressors. Still because of the novelty of the virtual world, reports in the literature suggest that individuals already show some level of arousal when placed in these worlds. This paper presents two studies which look at the effect two different neutral virtual worlds can have on individuals. Findings suggest that a neutral world does not have to result in an increased level of arousal.
Benchmarking a network of PCs running parallel applications

Presents a benchmarking study that compares the performance of a network of four PCs connected by a 100 Mbit/s fast Ethernet running three different system software configurations: TCP/IP on Windows NT, TCP/IP on Linux and a lightweight message-passing protocol (U-Net active messages) on Linux. For each configuration, we report results for communication micro-benchmarks and the NAS (Numerical Aerodynamics Simulation) parallel benchmarks. For the NAS benchmarks, the overall running time using Linux TCP/IP was 12-500% less than the Windows NT TCP/IP configuration. Likewise, the Linux U-Net based message-passing protocol outperformed the Linux TCP/IP version by 5-200%+. We also show that, by using Linux U-Net, we are able to achieve 125 /spl mu/s latency between two processes using PVM. Finally, we report that the default mathematical libraries supplied with NT (for both gcc and Visual C++) are substantially slower than the one supplied with Linux.
Context-aware Image Tweet Modelling and Recommendation

While efforts have been made on bridging the semantic gap in image understanding, the in situ understanding of social media images is arguably more important but has had less progress. In this work, we enrich the representation of images in image tweets by considering their social context. We argue that in the microblog context, traditional image features, e.g., low-level SIFT or high-level detected objects, are far from adequate in interpreting the necessary semantics latent in image tweets. To bridge this gap, we move from the images' pixels to their context and propose a context-aware image bf tweet modelling (CITING) framework to mine and fuse contextual text to model such social media images' semantics. We start with tweet's intrinsic contexts, namely, 1) text within the image itself and 2) its accompanying text; and then we turn to the extrinsic contexts: 3) the external web page linked to by the tweet's embedded URL, and 4) the Web as a whole. These contexts can be leveraged to benefit many fundamental applications. To demonstrate the effectiveness our framework, we focus on the task of personalized image tweet recommendation, developing a feature-aware matrix factorization framework that encodes the contexts as a part of user interest modelling. Extensive experiments on a large Twitter dataset show that our proposed method significantly improves performance. Finally, to spur future studies, we have released both the code of our recommendation model and our image tweet dataset.
Combining Constituent and Dependency Syntactic Views for Chinese Semantic Role Labeling

This paper presents a novel feature-based semantic role labeling (SRL) method which uses both constituent and dependency syntactic views. Comparing to the traditional SRL method relying on only one syntactic view, the method has a much richer set of syntactic features. First we select several important constituent-based and dependency-based features from existing studies as basic features. Then, we propose a statistical method to select discriminative combined features which are composed by the basic features. SRL is achieved by using the SVM classifier with both the basic features and the combined features. Experimental results on Chinese Proposition Bank (CPB) show that the method outperforms the traditional constituent-based or dependency-based SRL methods.
Analysis traffic safety for highway off-rampbased on visual reaction time on traffic signs

To ensure traffic safety of highway off-ramp area, it should leave enough reaction time for drivers taking corresponding actions after traffic signs. And the recognition time for traffic signs depends on information volume. In this study, traffic sign recognition process in highway off-ramp were analyzed and visual recognition time model was set up. Then, the information volume contained in traffic signs was calculated using the information theory, and the information was divided it into four grades. In order to analyze the recognition time for different information grades, a simulation driving experiment was implemented. 20 participants took part in this experiment and the time for four grades was obtained. An evaluation approached was proposed, which identifies the safety conditions of highway off-ramp into four levels according to the time ranges after recognition. The proposed traffic safety evaluation method may provide a new way to evaluate the safety for highway off-ramp for its intuitive, easy operation and reasonable, especially for setting traffic signs information volume.