Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An algorithm for finding the blocks of a permutation group

An efficient algorithm for finding the blocks of imprimitivity of a group from generating permutations is described and justified. One of the most economical ways of storing a description of a group on a digital computer is to store permutations which generate the group. The penalty for this economy is the difficulty of answering specifi1c questions about the group although, in the case of groups of degree up to about 200, a method due to Sims [1] is very convenient. For groups of larger degree, one can at least (without much difficulty) decide whether the group is transitive. If it is, the next thing one usually wants to know is whether it is primitive. This paper gives an algorithm to decide whether the group generated by given permutations is primitive. In the case of an imprimitive group,. the algorithm produces a nontrivial block system. Let Q = {1, 2, . , n} be the (finite) set permuted by permutations g1, g2, gm which generate a transitive group G. The main part of the algorithm is the following process P., which calculates (when X # 1) the smallest block which contains {1, c} and the block system containing this block. P. calculates a function f: Q Q 2 and so, in a computer implementation, storage space must be reserved for the values of f. In addition, storage space has to be reserved for a collection C of symbols; symbols of 2 are added to and deleted from C during the process. Apart from storage space required for a few working variables, this is all that is necessary; however, at the end of the paper, I will indicate how P. may be made faster, using some additional storage to make Q into a singly linked list. The Process P.,, X 1. 1. Initially C is empty and, for all a EE Q, f(a) is set equal to a. 2. Add X to C and set f(c) = 1. 3. Delete a symbol ,B from C and calculate a = f(). 4. Set an integer j equal to 0. 5. Increase j by 1 and calculate y = agg and 6 = 3g1. 6. If f(y) and f(6) are equal, go to 9. 7. Ensure f(6) < f(T) by interchanging y and 6 if necessary. 8. Redefine those values f(c) of f which are equal to f(y) giving them the new value f(6) and add the old value of f(y) to C. 9. If ji
Model of Human Visual Cortex Inspired Computational Models for Visual Recognition

In this paper, we are mostly interested in investigating how the study and discovery of the human visual cortex could be utilised to improve the computational models for visual recognition by computer vision. Many of the brain perceptual abilities in vision have corresponding algorithms exist in computer vision, and in this paper we discuss three such models. First we present a model that has the ability for iterative bottom-up/top-down recognition, and experimental results on applying the model for facial landmark detection has shown improved accuracy over benchmark approaches. Second we introduce a new SOM model that could be deep and invariant, which could achieve significantly improved digit recognition accuracy over traditional SOM. And third we show how the convolutional neural network could be combined with linear coding based architecture, where experimental results show that the proposed model could outperform many existing algorithms for image classification.
Sliding mode control of a power factor corrected converter for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

In this paper, a sliding mode control of the power factor corrected(PFC) converter for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) is presented. In order to design a voltage controller of the PFC converter for PHEVs, a small signal model can be used because of its slow nature of the voltage controller compared to the current controller in the system. In terms of the current controller for the PFC converter in PHEVs, a sliding mode controller is derived and designed. This sliding mode controller for the PFC converter is verified and validated throughout the PSIM computer simulation and the small scaled DSP test-bed.
Personalised Query Suggestion for Intranet Search with Temporal User Profiling

Recent research has shown the usefulness of using collective user interaction data (e.g., query logs) to recommend query modification suggestions for Intranet search. However, most of the query suggestion approaches for Intranet search follow an ``one size fits all'' strategy, whereby different users who submit an identical query would get the same query suggestion list. This is problematic, as even with the same query, different users may have different topics of interest, which may change over time in response to the user's interaction with the system. We address the problem by proposing a personalised query suggestion framework for Intranet search. For each search session, we construct two temporal user profiles: a click user profile using the user's clicked documents and a query user profile using the user's submitted queries. We then use the two profiles to re-rank the non-personalised query suggestion list returned by a state-of-the-art query suggestion method for Intranet search. Experimental results on a large-scale query logs collection show that our personalised framework significantly improves the quality of suggested queries.
Self-restraining and Condom Use Behaviours: The HIV/AIDS Prevention Challenges in Tanzanian Schools

ABSTRACT Of the 528 nonvirgin students, 61.5% had sexual partners at the time of the study. However, only 21.5% of the nonvirgins reported use of condoms at their most recent sexual experience. Those who perceived themselves vulnerable to HIV/AIDS and the females were unlikely to have restrained from sexual relationship. Brief periods of dating before intercourse and early sexual debut were not associated with increased condom use. Overall, involvement in sexual behaviour was linked to misconceptions about chances of being HIV infected, less value on one's religion, inadequate knowledge of a sexual partner and being a female student. Measures that prevent students from the consequences of being sexually active are advocated.
Fuzzy Spatial Analysis Techniques in a Business GIS Environment

The purpose of the paper is to explore the use of fuzzy logic technology in spatial analysis. Focus is laid on illustrating the value added within the context of Business GIS. We consider the issue of geomarketing for illustrative purposes. Geomarketing may be characterised as address focused marketing. The objective of the case study is to identify spatial customer potentials for a specific product, using real world customer data of an Austrian firm. Fuzzy logic is used to generate customer profiles and to model the spatial customer potential of the product in question. We will illustrate the use of fuzzy logic in comparison to crisp classification techniques and modelling with crisp operators for solving the problem and more generally how the use of fuzzy logic may be to the advantage of businesses. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Manfred M. Fischer (Department of Economic Geography and Geoinformatics, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration) invited me to attend his special session.
Phosphorylation of the kainate receptor (KAR) auxiliary subunit Neto2 at serine 409 regulates synaptic targeting of the KAR subunit GluK1

Synaptic strength at excitatory synapses is determined by the presence of glutamate receptors (i.e. AMPA, NMDA, and kainate receptors) at the synapse. Synaptic strength is modulated by multiple factors including assembly of different receptor subunits, interaction with auxiliary subunits, and post-translational modifications of either the receptors or their auxiliary subunits. Using mass spectrometry, we found that the intracellular region of neuropilin and tolloid-like proteins (Neto) 1 and Neto2, the auxiliary subunits of kainate receptor (KARs), are phosphorylated by multiple kinases in vitro. Specifically, Neto2 was phosphorylated at serine 409 (Ser-409) by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and protein kinase A (PKA) both in vitro and in heterologous cells. Interestingly, we observed a substantial increase in Neto2 Ser-409 phosphorylation in the presence of CaMKII, and this phosphorylation was reduced in the presence of the KAR subunit GluK1 or GluK2. We also found endogenous phosphorylation of Neto2 at Ser-409 in the brain. Moreover, Neto2 Ser-409 phosphorylation inhibited synaptic targeting of GluK1 because, unlike WT Neto2 and the phosphodeficient mutant Neto2 S409A, the Neto2 S409D phosphomimetic mutant impeded GluK1 trafficking to synapses. These results support a molecular mechanism by which Neto2 phosphorylation at Ser-409 helps restrict GluK1 targeting to the synapse.
Implicit Semantic Roles in a Multilingual Setting

Extending semantic role labeling (SRL) to detect and recover non-local arguments continues to be a challenge. Our work is the first to address the detection of implicit roles from a multilingual perspective. We map predicate-argument structures across English and German sentences, and we develop a classifier that distinguishes implicit arguments from other translation shifts. Using a combination of alignment statistics and linguistic features, we achieve a precision of 0.68 despite a limited training set, which is a significant gain over the majority baseline. Our approach does not rely on pre-existing knowledge bases and is extendible to any language pair with parallel data and dependency parses.
Perceived Faultline in Virtual Teams: The Impact of Norms of Technology Use

As virtual teams are naturally distributed and diverse, they are susceptible to faultline, causing teams fracturing into subgroups.The current works examining perceived faultline have mostly concentrated on collocated teams.Examining these phenomena in virtual teams deserves more attention due to the greater possibility of members making an inaccurate impression from the limited cues available. To address this need, this research presents a novel study among 200 virtual team members from various industries. The empirical findings suggested that perceived faultline negatively impact team performance through task conflict. This negative effect of task conflict however can be attenuated by norms of technology use.This emphasize the need for cultivating or deliberate creation of norms of technology use among distributed team members in helping them coping with the negative effect resulted from faultline and conflict.
Individual Differences, Cognitive Abilities, and the Interpretation of Auditory Graphs

Auditory graphs exploit pattern recognition in the auditory system, but questions remain about the relationship between cognitive abilities, demographics, and sonification interpretation. Subjects completed a magnitude estimation task relating sound dimensions to data dimensions. Subjects also completed a working memory task (2-back task) and a spatial reasoning task (Raven's Progressive Matrices) to assess cognitive abilities. Demographics, such as gender, age, handedness, and musical experience, were also reported and included in the analysis. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the independent (cognitive abilities and demographics) and dependent (individual slopes and R-squared values) variables. The regression analysis indicates some support for most of the predictor variables, especially predicting R-squared values. The 2-back task does not seem to contribute significantly to the interpretation of sonifications and auditory graphs. However, Raven's and many of the demographic variables do show predictive value for interpretation of auditory graphs.
Large vocabulary continuous speech recognition using word graphs

We address the problem of using word graphs (or lattices) for the integration of complex knowledge sources like long span language models or acoustic cross-word models, in large vocabulary continuous speech recognition. A method for efficiently constructing a word graph is reviewed and two ways of exploiting it are presented. By assuming the word pair approximation, a phrase level search is possible while in the other case a general graph decoder is set up. We show that the predecessor-word identity provided by a first bigram decoding might be used to constrain the word graph without impairing the next pass. This procedure has been applied to 64 k-word trigram decoding in conjunction with an incremental unsupervised speaker adaptation scheme. Experimental results are given for the North American Business corpus used in the November '94 evaluation.
SPITZER INFRARED OBSERVATIONS AND INDEPENDENT VALIDATION OF THE TRANSITING SUPER-EARTH CoRoT-7 b

The detection and characterization of the first transiting super-Earth, CoRoT-7 b, has required an unprecedented effort in terms of telescope time and analysis. Although the star does display a radial-velocity signal at the period of the planet, this has been difficult to disentangle from the intrinsic stellar variability and pinning down the velocity amplitude has been very challenging. As a result, the precise value of the mass of the planet—and even the extent to which it can be considered to be confirmed—has been debated in the recent literature, with six mass measurements published so far based on the same spectroscopic observations, ranging from about 2 to 8 Earth masses. Here we report on an independent validation of the planet discovery using one of the fundamental properties of a transit signal: its achromaticity. We observed four transits of CoRoT-7 b at 4.5 μm and 8.0 μm with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope in order to determine whether the depth of the transit signal in the near-infrared is consistent with that observed in the CoRoT bandpass, as expected for a planet. We detected the transit and found an average depth of 0.426 ± 0.115 mmag at 4.5 μm, which is in good agreement with the depth of 0.350 ± 0.011 mmag (ignoring limb darkening) found by CoRoT. The observations at 8.0 μm did not yield a significant detection. The 4.5 μm observations place important constraints on the kinds of astrophysical false positives that could mimic the signal. Combining this with additional constraints reported earlier, we performed an exhaustive exploration of possible blend scenarios for CoRoT-7 b using the BLENDER technique. We are able to rule out the vast majority of false positives, and the remaining ones are found to be much less likely than a true transiting planet. We thus validate CoRoT-7 b as a bona fide planet with a very high degree of confidence, independently of any radial-velocity information. Our Spitzer observations have additionally allowed us to significantly improve the ephemeris of the planet, so that future transits should be recoverable well into the next decade. In its warm phase Spitzer is expected to be an essential tool for the validation, along the lines of the present analysis, of transiting planet candidates with shallow signals from CoRoT as well as from the Kepler mission, including potentially rocky planets in the habitable zones of their parent stars.
Functional evaluation of hemineglect by means of a semistructured scale: Personal extrapersonal differentiation

Abstract A semistructured scale for the functional evaluation of hemineglect was given to 26 patients who proved hemi-inattentive on standard diagnostic tests. Analysis of the internal composition of the scale indicated a differentiation between trials that require the exploration of external space (for example, dealing cards or serving tea) and trials that require the exploration of one's own body (for example, using a comb or razor). This result is consistent with the hypothesis that neglect fractionates as a function of extrapersonal versus personal space. This distinction was also supported by the performance of a patient examined after the completion of the experimental series. This patient showed a selective failure in personal but not extrapersonal items. A brief analysis of this case and of its implications is presented. It is concluded that the part of the scale relative to personal space represents a useful starting point for the evaluation of a disorder that still has a limited clinical descrip.
Validity and Reliability of the School Physical Activity Environment Questionnaire

The goal of the current study was to establish the factor validity of the Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment (Robertson-Wilson, Lévesque, & Holden, 2007) using confirmatory factor analysis procedures. Another goal was to establish internal reliability and test–retest reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis results of this study supported a slightly altered version of the Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment's school physical activity environment subscale. Internal reliability was adequate, while test–retest reliability was questionable. In brief, the pattern of findings indicated that while the original Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment is likely adequate for some research purposes, a slightly modified version (Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment-R) was psychometrically stronger. However, given the distinct differences in samples used in the original validation study and the current study, more research on the psychometric properties of the Questionnaire Assessing School Physical Activity Environment is needed to determine if the current results and Robertson-Wilson et al.'s (2007) results are sample specific.
PD-L1 expression heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer: evaluation of small biopsies reliability

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, allowing recovery of effector cells function, has demonstrated to be highly effective in many tumor types and represents a true revolution in oncology. Recently, the anti-PD1 agent pembrolizumab was granted FDA approval for the first line treatment of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors show PD-L1 expression in ≥ 50% of neoplastic cells and as a second line treatment for patients with NSCLC expressing PD-L1 in ≥1% of neoplastic cells, evaluated with a validated assay. For the large majority of patients such evaluation is made on small biopsies. However, small tissue samples such as core biopsies might not be representative of tumors and may show divergent results given the possible heterogeneous immunoexpression of the biomarker. We therefore sought to evaluate PD-L1 expression concordance in a cohort of 239 patients using tissue microarrays (TMA) as surrogates of biopsies stained with a validated PD-L1 immunohistochemical assay (SP263) and report the degree of discordance among tissue cores in order to understand how such heterogeneity could affect decisions regarding therapy. We observed a discordance rate of 20% and 7.9% and a Cohen's κ value of 0.53 (moderate) and 0,48 (moderate) for ≥ 1% and ≥ 50% cutoffs, respectively. Our results suggest that caution must be taken when evaluating single biopsies from patients with advanced NSCLC eligible for immunotherapy; moreover, at least 4 biopsies are necessary in order to minimize the risk of tumor misclassification.
Why Does History Matter to the Science Studies Disciplines? A Case for Giving the Past Back Its Future

AbstractScience and technology studies (STS) has perhaps provided the most ambitious set of challenges to the boundary separating history and philosophy of science since the 19th century idealists and positivists. STS is normally associated with ‘social constructivism’, which when applied to history of science highlights the malleability of the modal structure of reality. Specifically, changes to what is (e.g. by the addition or removal of ideas or things) implies changes to what has been, can be and might be. Latour’s account of Pasteur’s scientific achievement is a case in point. Two polar attitudes towards the world’s modal malleability are identified: over- and under- determination, which correspond, respectively, to a belief in the inevitability and the precariousness of science as a form of knowledge. The distinctness of these positions reflects a cordon sanitaire between the history and the philosophy of science. Consequently, historical agents are not given full voice as constructors of reality: They are either quarantined to a foreign realm called ‘the past’ by the historian or selectively assimilated to an imperial present by the philosopher. The second half of the essay explores what it might mean to restore a robust sense of reality construction to the historical agents. My case in point here is that of the 13th century Franciscan friar, Roger Bacon, who has been alternatively seen as a mad medieval or a proto-modernist. To give Bacon full voice would involve taking the future that he envisaged as a normative benchmark for judging our own world.
Analysis of Acquisition and Titer of Maize Mosaic Rhabdovirus in Its Vector, Peregrinus maidis (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

The corn planthopper, Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), transmits Maize mosaic rhabdovirus (MMV), an important pathogen of maize and sorghum, in a persistent propagative manner. To better understand the vectorial capacity of P. maidis, we determined the efficiency of MMV acquisition by nymphal and adult stages, and characterized MMV titer through development. Acquisition efficiency, i.e., proportion of insects that acquired the virus, was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and virus titer of individual insects was estimated by quantitative RT-PCR. Acquisition efficiency of MMV differed significantly between nymphs and adults. MMV titer increased significantly over time and throughout insect development from nymphal to adult stage, indication of virus replication in the vector during development. There was a positive association between the vector developmental stage and virus titer. Also, the average titer in male insects was threefold higher than female titers, and this difference persisted up to 30 d post adult eclosion. Overall, our findings indicate that nymphs are more efficient than adults at acquiring MMV and virus accumulated in the vector over the course of nymphal development. Furthermore, sustained infection over the lifespan of P. maidis indicates a potentially high capacity of this vector to transmit MMV.
Experimental Study of Mobile Propagation Loss Correction Formula for a Slope Terrain Area

Correction of the urban mobile propagation loss formula for residential areas on hilly and/or slope terrain, especially within 1km distance from a base station becomes one of the important issues in radio link and cell layout designs. This paper introduces an example of correction formula for the slope terrain area based on an experimental study of mobile path loss prediction. The result shows the path loss at the objective point can be estimated by the urban mobile path loss and the correction value according to the factor expressed by the elevation angle from the base station antenna top.
Fast SLCA and ELCA Computation for XML Keyword Queries Based on Set Intersection

In this paper, we focus on efficient keyword query processing for XML data based on the SLCA and ELCA semantics. We propose a novel form of inverted lists for keywords which include IDs of nodes that directly or indirectly contain a given keyword. We propose a family of efficient algorithms that are based on the set intersection operation for both semantics. We show that the problem of SLCA/ELCA computation becomes finding a set of nodes that appear in all involved inverted lists and satisfy certain conditions. We also propose several optimization techniques to further improve the query processing performance. We have conducted extensive experiments with many alternative methods. The results demonstrate that our proposed methods outperform previous methods by up to two orders of magnitude in many cases.