Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deeply into the Bone: Re-Inventing Rites of Passage

List of Figures Acknowledgments Introduction: Rough Passages, Reinvented Rites 1. Celebrating New Life, Ritually Nurturing the Young 2. Coming of Age, Joining Up 3. Divining Mates, Making Kin 4. Living with the Dead, Exiting Gracefully 5. Passages, Troubled and Uncharted Conclusion: Beyond Passage Notes Sources Cited Index
Isolation and Properties of a Denitrifying Bacterium Related to Pseudomonas lemoignei

A previously undescribed denitrifying bacterium was isolated from soil. The cells are small, gram negative, slightly curved rods, asporogenous, and nonmotile. Motile clones, however, have been isolated from the nonmotile parent: these cells possess a single polar flagellum. The organism shows no fermenting activity and grows only in the presence of one of the following electron acceptors: NO3-, NO2-, N2O, S4O62-, and O2. It gives a positive oxidase test and has a cytochrome c and catalase. It requires no growth factors, is a chemoorganotroph, and uses only some alcohols and organic acids as carbon and energy supply. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate is synthesized. The deoxyribonucleic acid base composition is 62.2 mol% guanine plus cytosine. The bacterium bears greatest resemblance to Pseudomonas lemoignei.
Combining Close and Distant Reading: Jonathan Safran Foer's Tree of Codes and the Aesthetic of Bookishness

Any analysis of reading today must consider contemporary writing practices. The epochal shift from print to digital texts has been under way for some time. Indeed, print books are now so interpenetrated with digital media at every stage of their production that they may more appropriately be considered an output form of digital texts than a separate medium. Much has been written about the end of books, but, as Alan Liu observes, they have been deconstructed almost from the beginning, from the remixing of Bible excerpts according to the liturgical calendar to the experimental fiction of Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy to Raymond Queneau's Cent mille milliards de poèmes (“End” 509-11). This tradition notwithstanding, Jessica Pressman correctly detects in some contemporary novels anxiety about the continued life of books and a desire to reassert the book's authority in the face of the exponential expansion of the Web and the ongoing conversion of books into digitized texts, including the several million now available at Google Books and other online venues.
Covalent binding of lipid to protein. Diglyceride and amide-linked fatty acid at the N-terminal end of the murein-lipoprotein of the Escherichia coli outer membrane.

A new structure of a lipid and its covalent linkage to a protein (murein-lipoprotein of the Escherichia coli outer membrane) is described. Glycerylcysteine (S-(propane-2′,3′-diol)-3-thio-2-aminopropanic acid) at the N-terminal end of the polypeptide chain is the attachment site of two ester-bound fatty acids. An additional fatty acid is bound as amide to the N-terminal group. The diglyceride residue on the cysteine could be derived from the phospholipid pathway since the fatty acid composition is very similar to that of the phospholipids from the same cells. In contrast, 65% of the amide-linked fatty acid is palmitate. The main fatty acids are palmitic acid (53%), cis-vaccenic acid (20.7%), 9,10-methylene-hexadecanoic acid (10.6%) and palmitoleic acid (9.4%). The structure of glycerylcysteine was established by chemical degradation of the compound containing the fatty acids, by incorporation studies of [35S]sulfate, [35S]cysteine, [14C]cystine, [methyl-3H]methionine and [2-3H]glycerol and by chemical synthesis. Glycerylcysteine was isolated as a constituent of the peptide (Ser)-Ser-Am-Ala-Lys. The C-terminal part of the lipopeptide sequence overlaps with the N-terminal end of the known sequence of the polypeptide chain. Its N-terminal position was confirmed by isolation of the N-terminal polypeptide fragment (position 1–31) after cleavage with cyanogen bromide. This contained the lipid.
Reliable Change formula query

In a recent article, Temkin et al. (1999) contrasted four models for detecting significant change in individual performance on neuropsychological tests. Two of these models relied on the calculation of the Reliable Change Index (RCI) by Jacobson and Truax (1991), with and without a correction for practice associated with repeated testing. The other two models were based on simple linear regression and multiple regression, respectively. The models were contrasted based on the width of 90% prediction intervals (PI) and normal-distribution-based prediction accuracy of classifying unusual cases. Participants were tested twice (Time 1 and Time 2), on seven common neuropsychological measures. Prediction accuracy was based on the discrepancy between obtained and predicted Time 2 scores.
Frequency Estimation in Intradyne Reception

We report on an optical intradyne receiver experiment with frequency estimation. Frequency estimation allows, if performed prior to block phase estimation or other phase recovery techniques, for a much higher frequency difference between transmit laser and local oscillator laser. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach in a 20-Gb/s quadrature phase-shift keying experiment
The use of improvement tools — A comparison between sectors and industries

This study explores the use of improvement tools between public and private sector and manufacturing and service organizations. In total 453 organizations across 8 different countries responded to a questionnaire with the data being analyzed through use of the IBM SPSS Statistics software package. The results revealed a number of differences between the sectors and industries as well as similarities between the public sector and the private sector and between the service industry and the manufacturing industry.
A Minimal Probability Approach in Nonparametric Nonlinear System Identification

In this paper, a direct weight optimization method is proposed for nonlinear system identification based on the minimal probability idea. The approach has several quite attractive features and is very different from existing ones. It is optimal for any given number of finite data points and at the same time possesses asymptotic convergence. The estimator admits a closed form and no numerical optimization is needed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the approach is a very competitive alternative to existing nonlinear identification methods
Diagnostic accuracy of MRI in the measurement of glenoid bone loss.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to assess the accuracy of MRI quantification of glenoid bone loss and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI to CT in the measurement of glenoid bone loss. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI, CT, and 3D CT examinations of 18 cadaveric glenoids were obtained after the creation of defects along the anterior and anteroinferior glenoid. The defects were measured by three readers separately and blindly using the circle method. These measurements were compared with measurements made on digital photographic images of the cadaveric glenoids. Paired sample Student t tests were used to compare the imaging modalities. Concordance correlation coefficients were also calculated to measure interobserver agreement. RESULTS Our data show that MRI could be used to accurately measure glenoid bone loss with a small margin of error (mean, 3.44%; range, 2.06-5.94%) in estimated percentage loss. MRI accuracy was similar to that of both CT and 3D CT for glenoid loss measurements in our study for the readers familiar with the circle method, with 1.3% as the maximum expected difference in accuracy of the percentage bone loss between the different modalities (95% confidence). CONCLUSION Glenoid bone loss can be accurately measured on MRI using the circle method. The MRI quantification of glenoid bone loss compares favorably to measurements obtained using 3D CT and CT. The accuracy of the measurements correlates with the level of training, and a learning curve is expected before mastering this technique.
Immunochemical and structural analysis of the O polysaccharides of Salmonella zuerich [1,9,27,(46)]

Salmonella zuerich [1,9,27,(46)] has been shown to exhibit two levels of structural heterogeneity. The bacterium carries two distinct O-polysaccharide molecules with and without O:factor 1. Both sets of molecules (1+ and 1-) carry the two O:factors 27 and 46 on the same O chain, but they are expressed unevenly; in contrast to factor 27, O:factor 46 is always weakly expressed. Part of this weak expression was thought to be due to strong inhibition of factor 46 by factor 1. In this study, serological analysis gave more detailed information on the sizes of the different O:factor epitopes. Structural analysis of S. zuerich O polysaccharides showed that they are constructed of the expected chemical sequences characteristic of factors 1, 9, 27, and 46. No modification in the sugar sequence could account for the weak expression of O:factor 46. Factors 27 and 46 are present on oligosaccharides carrying either an alpha-Man (factor 27) or a beta-Man (factor 46) residue. In S. zuerich, the alpha-Man configuration is predominant, corroborating the expression of strong factor 27 and weak factor 46 on the bacteria. Questions raised by the existence of such heterogeneous O polysaccharides on the specificity of the O chain polymerase, as well as the place of S. zuerich in Salmonella evolution, are dicussed in this paper.
On Rigidity of One-Dimensional Maps

The regularity of the conjugacy between two one- dimensional maps with singular points is considered. We prove that the conjugacy between two nice and mixing quasi-hyperbolic one-dimensional maps is a dieomorphism if it is an absolutely continuous homeomorphism and the exponents and the asym- metries of these two maps at all corresponding singular points are the same. We also discuss the application to geometrically finite one-dimensional maps, to Ulam-von Neumann transfor- mations, and to circle expanding maps.
A Layered Architecture for Quantum Computing Using Quantum Dots

We address the challenge of designing a quantum computer architecture with a layered framework that is modular and facilitates faulttolerance. The framework is flexible and could be used for analysis and comparison of differing quantum computer designs. Using this framework, we develop a complete, layered architecture for quantum computing with optically controlled quantum dots, showing how a myriad of technologies must operate synchronously to achieve fault-tolerance. Our design deliberately takes advantage of the large possibilities for integration afforded by semiconductor fabrication. Quantum information is stored in the electron spin states of a charged quantum dot controlled by ultrafast optical pulses. Optical control makes this system very fast, scalable to large problem sizes, and extensible to quantum communication or distributed architectures. The design of this quantum computer centers on error correction in the form of a topological surface code, which requires only local and nearest-neighbor gates. We analyze several important issues of the surface code that are relevant to an architecture, such as resource accounting and the use of Pauli frames. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of this system and find that Shor’s factoring algorithm for a 2048-bit number can be executed in approximately one week. PACS numbers: 03.67. Pp, 03.67. Lx, 85.35. Be, 73.21. La, 85.40. Hp
Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of Eryngium maritimum (sea holly)

*Corresponding author: Ilhem Rjeibi, Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetic, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia. Tel: +21620480884 E-mail: rjeibii@yahoo.fr Foundation Project: Supported by the Ministry of High Education and Scientific Research, MHSSR of Tunisia (Grant No. 11/TM06). The journal implements double-blind peer review practiced by specially invited international editorial board members.
Increased gonorrhoea and chlamydia testing did not increase case detection in an HIV clinical cohort 1999–2007

Objectives Since 2003, US organisations have recommended universal screening, rather than targeted screening, of HIV-infected persons for gonorrhoea and chlamydia. The objective of this study was to determine whether wider testing resulting from these guidelines would produce an increase in gonorrhoea/chlamydia diagnoses. Methods 3283 patients receiving HIV care in 1999–2007 in the Johns Hopkins Hospital HIV clinic were studied. The two primary outcomes were the occurrence of any gonorrhoea/chlamydia testing in each year of care and the occurrence of any positive result(s) in years of testing. The proportion of all patients in care who were diagnosed with gonorrhoea/chlamydia was defined as the number of patients with positive results divided by the number of patients in care. Trends were analysed with repeated measures logistic regression. Results The proportion of patients tested for gonorrhoea/chlamydia increased steadily from 0.12 in 1999 to 0.33 in 2007 (OR per year for being tested 1.17, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.19). The proportion positive among those tested decreased significantly after 2003 (OR per year 0.67, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.81). The proportion of all patients in care diagnosed with gonorrhoea/chlamydia therefore remained generally stable in 1999–2007 (OR per year 0.97, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.04). Conclusions Universal annual screening, as implemented, did not increase the proportion of all patients in care who were diagnosed with gonorrhoea/chlamydia. Similarly low implementation rates have been reported in cross-sectional studies. If future efforts to enhance implementation do not yield increases in diagnoses, then guidelines focusing on targeted screening of high-risk groups rather than universal screening may be warranted.
Development of the Plutonium-DTPA Biokinetic Model

AbstractEstimating radionuclide intakes from bioassays following chelation treatment presents a challenge to the dosimetrist due to the observed excretion enhancement of the particular radionuclide of concern where no standard biokinetic model exists. This document provides a Pu-DTPA biokinetic model that may be used for making such determination for plutonium intakes. The Pu-DTPA biokinetic model is intended to supplement the standard recommended biokinetic models. The model was used to evaluate several chelation strategies that resulted in providing recommendations for effective treatment. These recommendations supported early treatment for soluble particle inhalations and an initial 3‐day series of DTPA treatments for wounds. Several late chelation strategies were also compared where reduced treatment frequencies proved to be as effective as multiple treatments. The Pu-DTPA biokinetic model can be used to assist in estimating initial intakes of transuranic radionuclides and for studying the effects of different treatment strategies.
Oral oxycodone/naloxone for pain control in cirrhosis: Observational study in patients with symptomatic metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma

Pain management in cirrhosis is a clinical challenge. Most analgesics are metabolized in the liver and cirrhosis may deeply alter their concentration, favouring the appearance of side effects. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of oral prolonged‐release association of oxycodone/naloxone tablets (OXN) in the treatment of moderate/severe cancer pain in cirrhotic patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Depression, anxiety and chronic pain

The hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD) was designed as an instrument fbr the detection and assessment of anxiety and depression in general hospital outpatient clinics. ’ The scalc has been used widely in the United Kingdom and abroad and is alrcady available in many languagcs. A rcccnt study confirmed the validity of the HAD in the general hospital setting.2 The prevalence of depressive illness in patients with chronic pain is a controversial ~ u b j e c t . ~ It has been suggested that the HAD is a suilable screening instrument for this patient p o p ~ l a t i o n ~ , ~ but we wcrc concerned about its validity. since positive answers for certain questions might be influenced more by pain than by mood. We have used the IIAD to screen 150 patients with chronic pain of varied aetiology attcnding a pain relief clinic and 67 patients with advanced cancer in a continuing care unit. The prevalence of morbid deprcssion (a score of I 1 or morc) in both the pain clinic (28%) and cancer patients (3 1 YO) was significantly higher than that reported by Zigmond and Snaith for mcdical outpatients (13%; Chi-squared test. p < 0.001). We carried out an item analysis of the scalc using the combined data from both patient groups. A preliminary analysis showed that the pain clinic and continuing care populations could bc combined. since there were no differences between the groups in the mean item score or the pattern of inter-item correlations. The internal consistency of the anxiety and depression subscales was examined by calculating the correlation between the score for each individual question with the total subscale score. Table I shows that thrcc questions in the dcprcssion scalc and two in the anxiety scale had item-total correlations of less than 0.5. although all were still significant (p < 0.01). One of thcsc dcprcssion qucstions. D4 (‘I fccl as if 1 am slowed down’) and the two anxiety questions A4 (‘1 can sit at casc and fccl rclaxcd’) and A6 (‘I feel restless as if I have to be on the move’) relate to physical activity and comfort, and could be influenced by patients’ physical symptoms. However, it is clear that the overall internal reliability of the scale (Cronbach’s S L ) remains high (0.81 for dcprcssion and 0.82 for anxiety) and is changed only minimally by removal of individual questions (column 5 in Table 1). The range of item total correlations (significant at p < 0.01) is also comparable with that obtained by Zigmond and Snaith (significant a t p < 0.01 for anxiety and p < 0.02 for depression) in their original validation of this scale. We therefore believe that the IIAD remains an appropriate anxiety and depression rating scale for use in patients with chronic pain, whether malignant or nonmalignant.
Detection of Phanerochaete chrysosporium in soil by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis

A nonradioactive method to detect Phanerochaete chrysosporium grown in a soil matrix was developed. This method involved DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and restriction enzyme analysis. Amplification of ligninase H8 DNA from pure cultures of P. chrysosporium was not as sensitive as amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the highly repetitive nuclear ribosomal DNA. Amplified ITS DNA was digested with restriction enzymes for analysis. The restriction enzyme pattern of PCR-amplified ITS DNA of P. chrysosporium was unique compared with those of unrelated fungi. Two strains of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and two strains of Phanerochaete sordida were indistinguishable by restriction enzyme analysis, while a third strain of P. chrysosporium had an unique pattern. These results were confirmed by sequence information and indicate that species designations of Phanerochaete spp. should be reexamined. The restriction enzyme pattern of DNA extracted and PCR amplified from P. chrysosporium grown in soil was identical to that from P. chrysosporium grown in pure culture. The ITS sequence was detected in 14 ng of the 100 micrograms of total DNA extracted from 1 g of soil.
Effective deployment of cooperative moving relay nodes in a high speed train

Recent trends show that mobile users accessing the wireless communication network from public transportation vehicles such as the high speed train are on the increase. To serve on-board users effectively, the use of a two-hop communication link is a promising solution. However existing two-hop schemes are expensive technologies and not integral part of the cellular network. We focus on a two-hop integrated cellular link which consists of the base station-to-train link and the train-to-on board users link which is created with the use of moving relay nodes (MRNs). The base station-to-train link is considered in a high speed scenario. We propose an iterative algorithm that can be used to efficiently select the appropriate number of MRNs and receive antennas in relation to the throughput performance and capital expenses.
CTCF, a Candidate Trans-Acting Factor for X-Inactivation Choice

In mammals, X-inactivation silences one of two female X chromosomes. Silencing depends on the noncoding gene, Xist(inactive X-specifictranscript), and is blocked by the antisense gene,Tsix. Deleting the choice/imprinting center inTsix affects X-chromosome selection. Here, we identify the insulator and transcription factor, CTCF, as a candidatetrans-acting factor for X-chromosome selection. The choice/imprinting center contains tandem CTCF binding sites that function in an enhancer-blocking assay. In vitro binding is reduced by CpG methylation and abolished by including non-CpG methylation. We postulate that Tsix and CTCF together establish a regulatable epigenetic switch for X-inactivation.
Investigation of the flexibility of DNA using transient electric birefringence

In the preceding article, a Monte Carlo analysis was presented which provides a quantitative numerical relationship between the rotational diffusion coefficients, as measured by the decay of optical anisotropy following an electric field pulse, and the flexibility (persistence length) of short, wormlike chains. In the present article, the results of the foregoing analysis are applied to the observed rates of decay of birefringence for a series of sequenced DNA fragments ranging in size from 104 to 910 base pairs. Under the conditions used in this study, the DNA fragments exist as native, duplex molecules. Furthermore, conditions are defined in which the observed relaxation times are not dependent on DNA concentration, field strength, or the duration of the pulse. It is pointed out that the ionic atmosphere associated with a wormlike polyion does not exert any significant (direct) influence on the rotational diffusion of the polyion and, therefore, that the rotational relaxation times are a true measure of the configurations of the DNA molecules in solution. Moreover, excluded‐volume effects are shown not to be significant for the moderately short molecules employed in this study. The major conclusion of this study is that there is no strong ionic strength dependence of the persistence length for ionic strengths above 1 mM and that the persistence length, under conditions where electrostatic contributions are negligible, is approximately 500 Å. For ionic strengths significantly lower than 1 mM, electrostatic contributions to the stiffness of DNA become significant.
THE USE OF ‘AS-NEEDED’ RANGE ORDERS FOR OPIOID ANALGESICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE PAIN: A Consensus Statement of the American Society for Pain Management Nursing and the American Pain Society

The use of “as-needed” or “PRN” range orders for opioid analgesics in the management of acute pain is a common clinical practice. This approach provides flexibility in dosing to meet individual patients’ unique analgesic requirements. Range orders enable necessary and safe dose adjustments based on an individual’s response to treatment. This paper presents the consensus statement of the American Society for Pain Management Nursing and the American Pain Society on the use of “as-needed” range orders for opioid analgesics in the management of acute pain.