Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of sustainable public transportation system and its interaction with the grid

In this paper, a public transportation system is presented which is sustainable for different situations (according to the load of the grid and commuters) throughout the year. A large size battery (LSB) has been utilized in this work and is placed in between the grid and the electric bus stop (EBS). LSB is responsible to charge all the supercapacitor based buses (SBs) that run through the ring road of the Guwahati city, Assam, India. These batteries are also responsible for grid support in peak load hours. During off peak hours the batteries charge and during peak hours the batteries give the excess of energy back to the grid. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) has been designed and which take care of charging and discharging of the LSB from/to the grid. This system's sustainability is checked with real time load data and commuter's data. This system is clean in use, environment friendly and grid friendly.
Scaling Analysis of the Concentration Dependence on Elasticity of Agarose Gel

Since the critical exponent of the elastic modulus is related to the spatial dimension and the critical exponent of the correlation length, depending on the characteristics of elasticity, we experimentally evaluated both the elastic modulus of a sol-gel transition system and also the correlation length. We could determine the correlation length of agarose gel by the dynamic light scattering method; it was well described by the power law as a function of the deviation from the sol-gel transition point. Three scaling laws between the critical exponent of the correlation length (ν) and that of the elastic shear modulus (t) were compared, and the critical exponent of the elastic modulus was described by the equation of de Gennes expression (t=1+ν(d-2), where d is the spatial dimension). This result suggests that agarose fibers are stiff enough to show scalar elasticity.
Advertising Intrusiveness and Consumers ’ Avoidance Behaviors

The proliferation of advertising in all communication media causes consumers to perceive a significant amount of competitiveness between advertised products, as well as to feel overwhelmed by the intrusiveness of their advertisements. When taken together, these dimensions form the concept ‘‘advertising clutter. ’’ A review of the literature shows that perceived intrusiveness is the main component of the perception of clutter. Advertising clutter can prompt undesired behaviors (e.g., advertising avoidance) as well as attitudes contrary to those that companies’ advertising campaigns hope to achieve. It also leads to diminished advertising efficacy in terms of consumer memory, a decrease in positive attitudes towards the message and brand, as well as declined purchasing intention and, therefore, sales. In this article, the main consequences of advertising clutter for consumers in online media are reviewed and discussed. To that end, a theoretical review of this concept and its main dimensions is performed; special attention is paid to the online context. Finally, some practical recommendations and research opportunities are pointed out.
Attachment Styles and Outcome of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents

Background: Until now few studies have proven that an attachment style can be changed in the course of psychotherapy and that the attachment style has an impact on the therapy outcome. In particular, there is a lack of studies about these relationships in long-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with children and adolescents. Sampling and Methods: Seventy-one children with mental disorders receiving long-term outpatient psychodynamic psychotherapy were assessed 4 times using the Heidelberg Attachment Style Rating for Children and Adolescents. The measurements were conducted at the beginning of treatment, at the 25th treatment session, at the end of treatment and 1 year after the completion of treatment. Results: The results showed a significant change in attachment style during treatment. The proportion of children and adolescents with a secure attachment style increased from 23% to 63%. There was no significant difference in the attachment style between patients with good and poor treatment outcome, but a significant relationship between secure attachment and the number of treatment sessions could be demonstrated. Conclusions: A reorientation towards a secure main attachment style over the course of psychotherapy is possible. However, attachment style seems to be not a moderator but a mediator for the outcome of psychoanalytic psychotherapy in children and adolescents.
Chronic pain in the community: a survey in a township in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Abstract Background: Comprehensive information is needed on the epidemiology and burden of chronic pain in the population for the development of appropriate health interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, severity, risk indicators and responses of chronic pain among adults in Ngangelizwe, Mthatha, South Africa. Method: A cross-sectional survey utilising structured interviews of a sample of adult residents was used. Interviews elicited information on socio-demographic characteristics, general health status, and the prevalence, duration, frequency, severity, activity limitation and impact of chronic pain. Results: More than 95% (n = 473) of the sampled adults participated in the study. Of these, 182 [38.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 36.3–42.5%] reported chronic pain in at least one anatomical site. The most common pain sites were the back and head. The median pain score was 5 on a scale of 0 to 10 [interquartile range (IQR) = 4–7] and the median number of sites of pain was 1 (IQR = 1–2). Female gender [odds ratio (OR) = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.7–3.9] and being older than 50 years of age (OR = 3.5, 95% CI: 2.6–4.1) were identified as risk indicators for chronic pain in the sample. Over 65% of respondents reported that they self-treated; 92.1% had consulted with a doctor or nurse, 13.6% consulted a traditional healer, and 34.5% consulted a pharmacist because of their pain. Despite this, over 50% reported that relief of their pain was transient. Conclusion: Chronic pain is a common general complaint in this community, but there is a need for focused attention on women and the elderly.
Integrated Computational and Experimental Studies of Flapping-wing Micro Air Vehicle Aerodynamics

Abstract : This paper describes recent research on flapping-wing micro air vehicles, based on insect-like aerodynamics. A combined analytical, experimental and CFD approach is being adopted to understand and design suitable wing aerodynamics and kinematics. The CFD has used the Fluent 6 commercial code together with the grid-generating software Gambit 2; the experiments have been conducted in air and water, using various rigs and techniques. Part of our work has used 2D CFD and linear experiments (in a water tunnel). This has revealed details on vortex stability, the role of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and Reynolds number effects. 3D CFD on rotating wings and equivalent experiments in a water tank have then been used to investigate the role of spanwise flow in the leading-edge vortex.
High‐precision MR velocity mapping by 3D‐fourier phase encoding with a small number of encoding steps

The final result of Fourier velocity mapping is a set of images, each representing the spatial distribution of spins at a given velocity. To acquire data in a short time, the number of encoding gradient steps must be as small as possible, but this can mean sacrificing velocity resolution. We used interpolation methods to obtain high velocity resolution with a small number of encoding steps involving linear interpolation from 16 encoding steps or more and zero‐filling interpolation from two to eight encoding steps. Velocity measured by interpolated Fourier‐flow encoding agreed well with values obtained using a calibrated phantom. A simulation of noise on the images of the phantom showed that, for a given acquisition time, increasing number of encoding steps in the Fourier flow encoding gave better precision for velocity measurement than did averaging identical signals in phase‐mapping methods.
Genome-wide identification of cis-regulatory motifs and modules underlying gene coregulation using statistics and phylogeny

Cell fate determination depends in part on the establishment of specific transcriptional programs of gene expression. These programs result from the interpretation of the genomic cis-regulatory information by sequence-specific factors. Decoding this information in sequenced genomes is an important issue. Here, we developed statistical analysis tools to computationally identify the cis-regulatory elements that control gene expression in a set of coregulated genes. Starting with a small number of validated and/or predicted cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) in a reference species as a training set, but with no a priori knowledge of the factors acting in trans, we computationally predicted transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) and genomic CRMs underlying coregulation. This method was applied to the gene expression program active in Drosophila melanogaster sensory organ precursor cells (SOPs), a specific type of neural progenitor cells. Mutational analysis showed that four, including one newly characterized, out of the five top-ranked families of predicted TFBSs were required for SOP-specific gene expression. Additionaly, 19 out of the 29 top-ranked predicted CRMs directed gene expression in neural progenitor cells, i.e., SOPs or larval brain neuroblasts, with a notable fraction active in SOPs (11/29). We further identified the lola gene as the target of two SOP-specific CRMs and found that the lola gene contributed to SOP specification. The statistics and phylogeny-based tools described here can be more generally applied to identify the cis-regulatory elements of specific gene regulatory networks in any family of related species with sequenced genomes.
Substratum‐Dependent Proliferation and Survival of Bone Marrow‐Derived Mononuclear Phagocytes

Adherence to the culture substratum exerted a significant influence on the growth and survival of murine bone marrow cells incubated under conditions that favored the development of mononuclear phagocytes. Bone marrow cells cultured two weeks in unprocessed polystyrene dishes, refractory to cell attachment, reached a maximum or near maximum cell density by day 11. This density was stable throughout the duration of the incubation period. Characterization of the cells on day 11 revealed an essentially pure population of mononuclear phagocytes composed of round, nonadherent cells, and slightly elongated, loosely attached cells. Bone marrow cells incubated in polystyrene tissue culture dishes processed to promote cell attachment also reached a maximum cell density by day 11. However, this maximum density was only half that attained by cells incubated in unprocessed polystyrene dishes. Furthermore, continued incubation resulted in a sharp decline in cell viability and number. The cells in tissue culture dishes on day 11 represented a pure mononuclear phagocyte population composed principally of cells adherent to the surface of the dish. The subsequent analysis of cells subcultured in processed and unprocessed polystyrene dishes indicated that adherence to the substratum modulated the growth factor requirements of bone marrow‐derived mononuclear phagocytes. Specifically, mononuclear phagocytes in tissue culture dishes expressed an elevated requirement for colony stimulating factor‐1 in order to proliferate and survive in long‐term culture.
Génération et enrichissement automatique de listes de patrons de phrases pour les moteurs de questions-réponses

Resume. Nous utilisons un algorithme d'amorce mutuelle (Riloff et Jones 99), entre des couples de termes d'une relation et des patrons de phrase. A partir de couples d'amorce, le systeme genere des listes de patrons qui sont ensuite enrichies de facon semi-supervisee, puis utilisees pour trouver de nouveaux couples. Ces couples sont a leur tour reutilises pour generer, par iterations successives, de nouveaux patrons. L'originalite de l'etude reside dans l'interpretation du rappel, estime comme la couverture d'un patron sur l'ensemble des exemples auxquels il s'applique.
Protective effects of low tidal volume ventilation in a rabbit model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury

ObjectiveTo determine whether low “stretch” mechanical ventilation protects animals from clinical sepsis after direct acute lung injury with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as compared with high “stretch” ventilation. DesignProspective study. SettingExperimental animal laboratory. SubjectsTwenty-seven anesthetized and paralyzed rabbits. InterventionsP. aeruginosa (109 colony forming units) was instilled into the right lungs of rabbits that were then ventilated at a tidal volume of either 15 mL/kg (n = 11) or 6 mL/kg (n = 7) for 8 hrs. Control animals were ventilated at a tidal volume of either 15 mL/kg (n = 4) or 6 mL/kg (n = 5) for 8 hrs, but an instillate without bacteria was used. A positive end-expiratory pressure of 3–5 cm H2O was used for all experiments. Radiolabeled albumin was used as a marker of alveolar epithelial permeability. Measurements and Main Results Hemodynamics, arterial blood gas determination, alveolar permeability, wet-to-dry ratios on lungs, and time course of bacteremia were determined. When final values were compared with the values at the beginning of the experiment, there were significant decreases in mean arterial pressure (from 104 ± 15 to 57 ± 20 mm Hg), pH (from 7.46 ± 0.04 to 7.24 ± 15), Pao2 (from 528 ± 35 to 129 ± 104 torr [70.4 ± 4.7 to 17.2 ± 13.9 kPa]), and temperature (from 38.2 ± 1 to 36.2 ± 1.2°C) in the high tidal volume group, whereas no significant differences were found in the low tidal volume group. Decreased alveolar permeability was shown in the low tidal volume group, as was decreased extravascular lung water in the uninstilled lung in the low tidal volume group (12.7 ± 2.5 vs. 4.3 ± 0.45 g H2O/g dry lung). No noteworthy difference was noted in the time course of bacteremia, although there was a trend toward earlier bacteremia in the high tidal volume group. ConclusionsIn our animal model of P. aeruginosa-induced acute lung injury, low tidal volume ventilation was correlated with improved oxygenation, hemodynamic status, and acid-base status as well as decreased alveolar permeability and contralateral extravascular lung water.
On Religion: The Revelation of God as the Sublimation of Religion

Preface & Acknowledgments- Garrett Green Introduction: Karl Barth as Theorist of Religion- Garrett Green God's Revelation as the Sublimation of Religion- Karl Barth a)The Problem of Religion in Theology b)Religion as Faithlessness c)True Religion Appendix I: On Translating Barth-Garrett Green Appendix II: Materials for Teaching Barth on Religion- Garrett Green Select Bibliography- Garrett Green.
Quality estimation for translation selection

We describe experiments on quality estimation to select the best translation among multiple options for a given source sentence. We consider a realistic and challenging setting where the translation systems used are unknown, and no relative quality assessments are available for the training of prediction models. Our ﬁndings indicate that prediction errors are higher in this blind setting. However, these errors do not have a negative impact in performance when the predictions are used to select the best translation, compared to non-blind settings. This holds even when test conditions (text domains, MT systems) are different from model building conditions. In addition, we experiment with quality prediction for translations produced by both translation systems and human translators. Although the latter are on average of much higher quality, we show that automatically distinguishing the two types of translation is not a trivial problem.
Magnetic flux distribution between rotor and shaft in two-pole induction machines with axial cooling vents

In two-pole Induction Machines the shaft leads to a fictitious increase of the inner yoke in the rotor. This effect is influenced by axial cooling vents in the rotor. Pre-existing analytical calculation methods estimate the magnetic voltage drop in the rotor for only one path of the magnetic flux. This is done by simplified boundary conditions and leads to inaccurate results. In this paper a semi-analytical method is introduced. Therefore the branch current method is used and the solution of the nonlinear equation system is disclosed. The results of the analytical calculations are validated by Finite Element Analysis. The involvement of the semi-analytical calculation in the magnetic circuit is illustrated. Further refinement steps are described. Applications for the semi-analytical calculation method are introduced for machine design considerations.
Functional imaging of the retina using the multifocal electroretinograph: a control study.

BACKGROUND: A new technique exists that enables functional mapping of the retina. A control population was examined to obtain normative values and to assess the reproducibility of this new test. METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers were tested using a 61 hexagonal array stimulus with a 14 minute recording period. Median 5th and 95th percentiles were determined for implicit times and amplitude measures for the 61 test areas. Repeat measurements were performed on 10 individuals. Wilcoxon and Bland and Altman techniques were used to quantify reproducibility of the test. RESULTS: The implicit time of the wave-form components was not found to vary over the retina (peak or b-wave component, 35.52 (1.4) ms; trough or a-wave component, 17.76 (0.8) ms). Reproducibility was found to decrease with eccentricity (coefficient of repeatability 17.4% for the central area increasing to 30.3% for the peripheral ring). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that reproducibility, although variable with eccentricity, is comparable with conventional electrophysiology. These limits of variation were used to assign confidence intervals to individual retinal areas and will be used (future work) in the examination of diseased states.
Consonant cluster simplification in Québec French

Abstract This paper investigates the process of word-final consonant cluster simplification in Québec French. Three categories of clusters are distinguished: (1) those that may be reduced in all lexical items (unrestricted simplification), (2) those that may be reduced in some lexical items but not in others (lexically-determined simplification), (3) those that are always stable. Consonant deletion is motivated by two distinct factors: the Sonority Sequencing Principle and a principle requiring that every segment be perceptually salient. The likelihood that a consonant deletes correlates with the degree to which it violates one of these principles. Appeal to perceptual factors explains in particular two tendencies. First, final stops are less susceptible to deletion than other consonants. Second, cluster simplification correlates with the amount of contrast within the cluster, in terms of voicing, manner and place of articulation. This analysis of cluster reduction supports the integration of perception in phonological theory advocated in a growing body of work. It is formalized within Optimality Theory and uses in particular perceptually-motivated markedness and faithfulness constraints militating against perceptually weak segments.
Responsibility-centered management: a 10-year nursing assessment.

In 1988-89, Indiana University became the first public university to implement responsibility-centered management (RCM) comprehensively. This article describes and assesses the implementation of RCM on the core campus of Indiana University School of Nursing in Indianapolis. It describes how RCM encouraged an information-rich environment, particularly with the advent of economic modeling; decision making linked to strategic goals/objectives; and a performance-based reward structure (e.g., merit pay increases and incentive plans). It ends with a discussion about the worth of RCM and the changes that frame-work produced, particularly in reconceptualizing the roles of the business officer and dean. The most profound consequence of RCM may be the effect it has in encouraging rethinking of what it means to be a school of nursing at this point in time.
Numerical Investigation of Self-Excited Oscillations of a Generic Profile

Im Rahmen des BMBF Projektes AKUSIM wurden Schallquell- und Schallausbreitungsmechanismen an generischen Profilen bestehend aus Halbzylinder mit Durchmesser d und Heckkeil der Lange L untersucht. Die akustischen Schwankungsgrosen wurden mittels Storungsgleichungen uber einer zeitgemittelten Grundstromung (bestimmt aus RANS Gleichungen) simuliert. Der Hinterkantenwinkel hat einen Einfluss auf die Ausbildung der instationaren Wirbelstrukturen. Diesseits und jenseits eines kritischen Hinterkantenwinkelbereich konnten periodische, aber unterschiedliche Wirbelcharakteristiken identifiziert werden, die zu unterschiedlich starken Schallquellmechanismen aufgrund der Wechselwirkung der Wirbelstrukturen mit der Profilhinterkante fuhren. Die Transition zwischen den beiden tonalen Schallquellmechanismen erfolgt uber einen Hinterkantenwinkelbereich, bei dem offensichtlich nichtperiodische Dynamik vorliegt. Die zwei periodischen Wirbelablosungsformen konnen zwei charakteristischen Grundstromungsfallen zugeordnet werden: Im ersten Grundstromungsfall legt die Stromung aufgrund der langen Profilsehne l/d 3.75 wieder an; im zweiten Fall ist sie voll abgelost (kurze Profilsehne mit l/d < 3.75). Bei abgeloster Grundstromung werden Wirbel alternierend abgeworfen (von Karmansche Wirbelstrasse). Bei anliegender Stromung wird die Generierung von Storwirbelstarke in der instabilen Grenzschicht durch die Schallabstrahlung von der Hinterkante getriggert, d.h. die Storwirbel der Profilober- und Unterseite sind gleichphasig. Bei einem bestimmten Abstand von Wiederanlegepunkt und Hinterkante wird dieser Ruckkopplungsmechanismus ineffektiv. Die simulierten Dipolcharakteristiken der Schallabstrahlung stimmen mit der theoretischen Richtcharakteristik eines akustischen kompakten Profils uberein. Der zeitliche Verlauf der Stordruckschwankungen wird sowohl mit experimentellen als auch mit den Vorhersagen des Lattice-Boltzmann Verfahrens von Achilles und Wilde verglichen. Wahrend dieser Untersuchung wurden die numerische Wandrandbedingung sowie numerische Filter zur Unterdruckung hochfrequenter artifizieller Losungsanteile hinsichtlich des Einflusses auf die aeroakkustische Simulationsgute des Storungsverfahrens verbessert.