Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sparse Signal Recovery via Correlated Degradation Model

Sparse signal recovery aims to recover an unknown signal x ∈ R n from few non-adaptive, possibly noisy, linear measurements y ∈ R m using a nonlinear sparsity-promoting algorithm, under the assumption that x is sparse or compressible with respect to a known basis or frame [1]. Speciﬁcally, y = Ax + e , where A ∈ R m × n is the measurement matrix, e ∈ R m is the measurement error, and m (cid:28) n . Many of the sparse recovery approaches proposed during the past decade can be regarded as iterative estimation of a signal from a degraded observation [2]–[6]. A common feature of these approaches is that the degradation is modeled as independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) additive noise that has to be alleviated by a denoising ﬁlter at each iteration. For instance, Approximate Message Passing (AMP) [2] enforces an i.i. d.additive Gaussian noise denoising problem at each iteration through the Onsager correction term [2]–[4]. Plug&Play -Prior (P 3 ) frameworks [5], [6] use denoising algorithms as regularizers (priors) for model-based inversion via the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) [7]. The idea of ADMM is to convert an unconstrained optimization problem ˆ x
Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy in a private psychiatric office: clinical and cost effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE To assess the cost and clinical effectiveness of psychiatrist-provided Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) of patients referred to a private office. METHODS ISTDP was provided to 89 patients referred to a private psychiatric office in Vancouver, Canada. Pretherapy self-report scores, (BDI, BAI, BSI, IIP [see full names in text]) medication costs, disability costs and healthcare costs were compared with posttherapy values and normative values. RESULTS Patients' mean self-report scores went from the abnormal to normal range after an average of 14.9 hours of therapy. Returns to work, reduced healthcare utilization, and medication stopping accounted for a cost reduction of over Cdn$400,000 at one year after therapy. CONCLUSIONS ISTDP appears to be an effective and cost-effective form of intervention when provided by a psychiatrist in a private office. Randomized controlled studies are warranted to further examine the cost benefits and efficacy of ISTDP.
Alternative or Radical Media ? An Exploration of Civil Media @ Taiwan

Alternative media, as another choice for the public besides mainstream media, has been increasingly growing in Taiwan during the era of Web 2.0. In an attempt to report social issues properly, alternative media is trying to break the hegemonic range of mainstream media while being oriented by the public. Civil Media@Taiwan has been established since the year of 2007. During its ten-year history, Civil Media@Taiwan has identified itself as an alternative medium. Although the rise of alternative media has been studied by researchers from different fields, there have been very few studies on alternative media in Taiwan. The aims of this study are first to reveal the principles and practices of alternative media, then to investigate whether Civil Media@Taiwan is alternative media or radical media. The theoretical approaches used in the research include the theories on alternative media, and theories on radical media. Content analysis on the official website of Civil Media@Taiwan and semi-structured interviews of fourteen interviewees are utilized as the methodology. The study has two research questions, which examine whether Civil Media@Taiwan is alternative or radical, and how it serves the public. The journalistic profession and the organization of Civil Media@Taiwan are investigated in order to answer the research questions. The results of the study conclude that Civil Media@Taiwan is partly alternative and partly radical, but combining the characteristics of both kinds of media. Moreover, Civil Media@Taiwan serves the public by challenging the rules of journalism and broadening the hegemonic range from mainstream media.
Differential sensitivity of the Response Bias Scale (RBS) and MMPI-2 validity scales to memory complaints

The MMPI-2 Response Bias Scale (RBS) is designed to detect response bias in forensic neuropsychological and disability assessment settings. Validation studies have demonstrated that the scale is sensitive to cognitive response bias as determined by failure on the Word Memory Test (WMT) and other symptom validity tests. Exaggerated memory complaints are a common feature of cognitive response bias. The present study was undertaken to determine the extent to which the RBS is sensitive to memory complaints and how it compares in this regard to other MMPI-2 validity scales and indices. This archival study used MMPI-2 and Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI) data from 1550 consecutive non-head-injury disability-related referrals to the first author's private practice. ANOVA results indicated significant increases in memory complaints across increasing RBS score ranges with large effect sizes. Regression analyses indicated that the RBS was a better predictor of the mean memory complaints score than the F, FB, and FP validity scales and the FBS. There was no correlation between the RBS and the CVLT, an objective measure of verbal memory. These findings suggest that elevated scores on the RBS are associated with over-reporting of memory problems, which provides further external validation of the RBS as a sensitive measure of cognitive response bias. Interpretive guidelines for the RBS are provided.
FLT4 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Gene Mapping to Chromosome Band 5q35 in Relation to the t(2;5), t(5;6), and t(3;5) Translocations

FLT4 is a recently cloned receptor tyrosine kinase cDNA, which is characterized by seven immunoglobulin‐like loops in its extracellular domain. We have previously mapped the FLT4 gene to chromosome segment 5q33‐qter using somatic cell hybrids. Here we have refined the localization to band 5q35 by fluorescence in situ hybridization and show that the gene is translocated to chromosomes 2 and 6 in the t(2;5)(p23;q35) and t(5;6)(q35;p21) translocations, respectively, of Ki‐1‐positive lymphomas, as well as to chromosome 3 in the t(3;5)(q25.1;q34) translocation, which is occasionally found in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. No evidence was obtained for a rearrangement or deregulation of the translocated FLT4 gene. We further show that abundant FLT4 mRNA expression occurs only in erythroid and megakaryoblastoid cell lines among nine leukemia cell lines studied. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Compact Millimeter-Wave Planar Directional Coupled Crossover With a Wide Bandwidth

A compact planar directional coupled crossover with a wide fractional bandwidth is proposed in this letter, which is composed of overlapping planar 3-dB couplers based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and stripline techniques. In the proposed structure, the TE10 mode and TEM mode can be transmitted simultaneously without any interaction, which is helpful to design and integrate the SIW and stripline couplers for realizing a wideband directional coupled crossover with a compact footprint. A prototype with a center frequency of 26 GHz for 5G applications is designed and fabricated. The experimental results show that the measured crossover has high isolation among all ports and good directional coupling performance in orthogonal directions. The proposed crossover has a compact footprint and low loss, which can be a good candidate for developing the miniature feeding networks for multiple beam antennas.
Resource Security and Corporate Social Responsibility Norms in the Governance of Globally Active Chinese State-Owned Enterprises

Many countries have benefited greatly from an influx of investment from China; much of this investment has come from Chinese State-owned enterprises (SOEs). Functioning as China’s national champions, Chinese SOEs have been the vehicles for the Chinese government to obtain resources from the international market, to participate in international market competition, and to expand Chinese national soft power. They also allow Chinese SOEs to gain controlling interests in foreign companies; this opens doors for other Chinese enterprises to sell goods and services abroad; this is a pattern that is well established from prior eras of foreign investment in countries such as Australia. However, these SOEs are also facing challenges overseas, especially the SOEs investing in the natural resources sector overseas. In order to meet the challenges of modern corporate governance, Chinese SOEs have sought to enhance their corporate governance practices whilst the Chinese government has also sought to reform its inefficient SOEs. In response to the challenges facing modern globally-active companies, China has adopted corporate social responsibility (CSR) ideas to better regulate its enterprises. This has often been supported by legislative mechanisms. With increasing outward-bound investment by Chinese SOEs, many SOEs have also developed their own CSR codes. This chapter explores some CSR norms developed by Chinese government agencies and China’s SOEs and examines how Chinese SOEs have implemented CSR norms to protect non-economic interests in natural resources rich countries, such as Australia.
A Wideband 122GHz Cavity-Backed Dipole Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Radar Altimetry

A wideband and robust design of a cavity-backed dipole antenna at D-band for radar altimeter applications is presented. The proposed antenna is based on a planar multilayer arrangement using standard PCB technology which enables the seamless integration into a affordable millimeter wave sensor system. The antenna performance has been investigated by full wave simulations and validated by the fabrication and measurement of the antenna prototype. The experimental results of the realized antenna element show excellent agreement with the simulated values. The dipole antenna covers a 10dB impedance bandwidth from 119GHz to 126.6GHz and achieves a maximum gain of 6.9dBi. The measured 3D radiation patterns at various frequencies across the operational band are provided.
HARD AND SOFT SELECTION REVISITED

In June 1967 (see Wallace, 1968) at a symposium sponsored by Syracuse University and the New York State Science and Technology Foundation, I first used the terms "hard" and "soft" selection. Since then these terms have enjoyed a modest popularity. Not always, however, have they been used in the sense I originally intended. Such misuse is not unexpected because the terms, although illustrated by examples, were not defined. Admittedly, my own interpretation of these terms has changed during the intervening years. It seems appropriate, therefore, to review the reasons for which the terms hard and soft were first used, to identify instances in which they have been obviously misapplied or misunderstood, and, using the original examples, to develop definitions for them. Finally, I want to examine Clarke's (1973a, b) alpha-selection to see whether, as he suggests, it corresponds to my soft selection.
Etude de faisabilité de la récupération d'énergie électromagnétique ambiante

L’extension des systemes de telecommunication genere de plus en plus des ondes electromagnetiques dans notre environnement aux frequences et puissances tres variees. Le temps est venu de faire une etude approfondie sur les possibilites potentielles que nous avons d’utiliser l’energie contenue dans les ondes electromagnetiques pour alimenter des applications electroniques. L’idee est d’utiliser une ou plusieurs antennes pour recuperer les ondes electromagnetiques disponibles, suivies par un convertisseur des signaux RF/DC.
Commonly Used Numbers of Microspheres Affect Cardiac Vascular Resistance

The main goal of the study was to examine how the microsphere technique affects the hemodynamics and mitochondrial energy status of the Langendorff-perfused rat heart. The hearts were perfused at a constant flow with Tyrode solution. NADH videofluorometry of the surface of the left ventricle was used to record the mitochondrial energy status as indication of regional ischemia. The effects of seven successive (separated by 10 min) injections of 0.1 ml of saline or (0.05% Tween 20; polysorbate 20, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) or (0.05% Tween 20 + microspheres) were studied. The number of microspheres per injection were: #1 (2,500), #2 (5,000), #3 (10,000), #4 (20,000), #5 (40,000), #6 (40000), and #7 (80000). The anti-aggregation agent Tween always caused a biphasic response in perfusion pressure. Compared with the Tween effect, the injection of microspheres caused an initial change (mm Hg) in perfusion pressure of #1 (−10), #2 (NS), #3 (NS), #4 (+7.5), #5 (+12.3), #6 (+14.4), #7 (+18.3), and a delayed change (10 min after injection) of #1 (−22.2), #2 (−6.0), #3 (−4.1), #4 (−4.5), #5 (NS), #6 (NS), and #7 (+5.9). The microspheres caused a significant delayed increase in NADH only for injection #6 and #7. Similar results were found for different durations of the input function or when hearts were perfused at constant perfusion pressure. In hearts without flow reserve (10 &mgr;M adenosine), Tween injections were without effect, whereas three successive injections of 60,000 microspheres each only caused increases in perfusion pressure and NADH. The data demonstrate that in hearts with flow reserve present, even very low numbers of microspheres (2,000/g heart) cause large decreases in perfusion pressure without obvious signs of ischemia. When flow reserve was exhausted by either microsphere loading or adenosine addition, microspheres only caused increases in perfusion pressure and resulted in detectable ischemia (NADH). It is concluded that microspheres affect the vascular resistance of the heart and that these effects are flow reserve dependent.
The Effect of Stance Control Orthoses on Gait Characteristics and Energy Expenditure in Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis Users

Stance Control knee-ankle foot orthoses (SCO) differ from their traditional locked knee counterparts by allowing free knee flexion during swing while providing stability during stance. It is widely accepted that free knee flexion during swing normalizes gait and therefore improves walking speed and reduces the energy requirements of walking. Limited research has been carried out to evaluate the benefits of SCOs when compared to locked knee-ankle foot orthoses (KAFOs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SCOs used for patients with lower limb pathology. Energy expenditure and walking velocity were measured in 10 subjects using an orthosis incorporating a Horton Stance Control knee joint. A GAITRite walkway was used to measure temporospatial gait characteristics. A Cosmed K4b2 portable metabolic system was used to measure energy expenditure and heart rate during walking. Two conditions were tested: Walking with stance control active (stance control) and walking with the knee joint locked. Ten subjects completed the GAITRite testing; nine subjects completed the Cosmed testing. Walking velocity was significantly increased in the stance control condition (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the energy cost of walking (p = 0.515) or physiological cost index (PCI) (p = 0.093) between conditions. This study supports previous evidence that stance control knee-ankle foot orthoses increase walking velocity compared to locked knee devices. Contrary to expectation, the stance control condition did not decrease energy expenditure during walking.
An access control framework for web services

Purpose – To define a framework for access control for virtual applications, enabled through web services technologies. The framework supports the loosely coupled manner in which web services are shared between partners.Design/methodology/approach – A background discussion on relevant literature, with an example is used to illustrate the problem that exists. To enable access control composition, an extension is proposed to authorisation specification language, together with publication of access control requirements of a web service provider.Findings – The framework shows that loosely coupled access control can be made possible by making use of the standard manner in which messages are communicated in XML, and by composing assertions with the access control policy of the provider in a consistent manner. Access to web service methods is only granted if permission can be derived for it, where the derivation step forms a formal proof.Research limitations/implications – A basic framework has been defined. An .
The Regulation of Catalytic Activity of the Menkes Copper-translocating P-type ATPase

The Menkes protein is a transmembrane copper translocating P-type ATPase. Mutations in the Menkes gene that affect the function of the Menkes protein may cause Menkes disease in humans, which is associated with severe systemic copper deficiency. The catalytic mechanism of the Menkes protein, including the formation of transient acylphosphate, is poorly understood. We transfected and overexpressed wild-type and targeted mutant Menkes protein in yeast and investigated its transient acyl phosphorylation. We demonstrated that the Menkes protein is transiently phosphorylated by ATP in a copper-specific and copper-dependent manner and appears to undergo conformational changes in accordance with the classical P-type ATPase model. Our data suggest that the catalytic cycle of the Menkes protein begins with the binding of copper to high affinity binding sites in the transmembrane channel, followed by ATP binding and transient phosphorylation. We propose that putative copper-binding sites at the N-terminal domain of the Menkes protein are important as sensors of low concentrations of copper but are not essential for the overall catalytic activity.
Considering Discourse References in Textual Entailment Annotation

In the 2009 Recognizing Textual Entailment challenge a Search Pilot task has been introduced, aimed at finding all the sentences in a corpus which entail a set of given hypotheses. The preparation of the data set for this task has provided an opportunity to better understand some phenomena concerning textual entailment recognition in a natural setting. This paper focuses on some problematic issues related to resolving coreferences to entities, space, time and events at the corpus level, as emerged during the annotation of the data set for the textual entailment Search Pilot.
Differences in the Salivary Glycan Pattern between Children with High and Low Caries Susceptibility

Interactions between bacterial adhesins of lectin type and the oligosaccharide part of immobilised glycoconjugates on the tooth surface are involved in the specific colonisation of teeth. The specificity of the adhesion process is determined by the carbohydrate specificity of the bacterial lectins and the availability of the corresponding glycosylation pattern. On the other hand the same carbohydrate structures can specifically prevent the binding of bacteria by competitively blocking their adhesion, if sufficient amounts of this distinct carbohydrate structure are available in the secretion. Since carbohydrate binding receptors are also involved in the colonisation of tooth surfaces by cariogenic bacteria, it has been suggested that the architecture of the oligosaccharide portion of soluble glycoconjugates in saliva may play an important role as a constitutional host defence factor in the aetiology of dental caries. Characterising the availability of distinct carbohydrate patterns in saliva by using a pattern of well–described lectins in a competitive lectin inhibition assay we show that in children of a population–based sample a high caries susceptibility is associated with a reduced binding inhibition against the lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA). PNA is specific for the presence of terminal galactosyl residues and binds to the same O–glycan fractions as a surface lectin from Streptococcus mutans. The data suggest that a reduced availability of glycosylation patterns of galactosyl residues detected by the lectin PNA may act as an additional host–derived factor for an increased caries susceptibility.
Platelet-Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) Trial: Rationale and design

Background Ischemic stroke and other vascular outcomes occur in 10–20% of patients in the three-months following a transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke, and many are disabling. The highest risk period for these outcomes is the early hours and days immediately following the ischemic event. Aspirin is the most common antithrombotic treatment used for these patients. Aim The aim of POINT is to determine whether clopidogrel plus aspirin taken <12 h after transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke symptom onset is more effective in preventing major ischemic vascular events at 90 days in the high-risk, and acceptably safe, compared with aspirin alone. Design POINT is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial in patients with transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke. Subjects are randomized to clopidogrel (600 mg loading dose followed by 75 mg/day) or matching placebo, and all will receive open-label aspirin 50–325 mg/day, with a dose of 162 mg daily for five-days followed by 81 mg daily strongly recommended. Study Outcomes The primary efficacy outcome is the composite of new ischemic vascular events — ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or ischemic vascular death — by 90 days. The primary safety outcome is major hemorrhage, which includes symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. Discussion Aspirin is the most common antithrombotic given to patients with a stroke or transient ischemic attack, as it reduces the risk of subsequent stroke. This trial expects to determine whether more aggressive antithrombotic therapy with clopidogrel plus aspirin, initiated acutely, is more effective than aspirin alone.
Canine Parvovirus Enteritis, Canine Distemper, and Major Histocompatibility Complex Genetic Variation in Mexican Wolves

The endangered Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) was recently reintroduced into Arizona and New Mexico (USA). In 1999 and 2000, pups from three litters that were part of the reintroduction program died of either canine parvovirus or canine distemper. Overall, half (seven of 14) of the pups died of either canine parvovirus or canine distemper. The parents and their litters were analyzed for variation at the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene DRB1. Similar MHC genes are related to disease resistance in other species. All six of the surviving pups genotyped for the MHC gene were heterozygous while five of the pups that died were heterozygous and one was homozygous. Resistance to pathogens is an important aspect of the management and long-term survival of endangered taxa, such as the Mexican wolf.
Measuring the Impact of a BSE Announcement on U.S. Retail Beef Sales: A Time-Series Analysis

On December 23, 2003, Agriculture Secretary Ann M. Veneman announced that the United States Department of Agriculture had diagnosed the first U.S. case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as “mad cow disease. ” This study uses supermarket sales data to analyze the effect of the BSE announcement on U.S. retail beef sales, finding a statistically significant disruption of sales. In addition, we develop a forecast of retail beef sales revenues in the hypothetical absence of BSE. The forecast implies that the BSE announcement may have reduced domestic retail beef revenues in excess of $11 billion in the post-BSE period.