Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Latent Dirichlet learning for document summarization

Automatic summarization is developed to extract the representative contents or sentences from a large corpus of documents. This paper presents a new hierarchical representation of words, sentences and documents in a corpus, and infers the Dirichlet distributions for latent topics and latent themes in word level and sentence level, respectively. The sentence-based latent Dirichlet allocation (SLDA) is accordingly established for document summarization. Different from the vector space summarization, SLDA is built to fit the fine structure of text documents, and is specifically designed for sentence selection. SLDA acts as a sentence mixture model with a mixture of Dirichlet themes, which are used to generate the latent topics in observed words. The theme model is inherent to distinguish sentences in a summarization system. In the experiments, the proposed SLDA outperforms other methods for document summarization in terms of precision, recall and F-measure.
Improving security of virtual machines during live migrations

Live migration of virtual machines (VMs) enables the transfer of a running VM to a new hardware component with minimal and hardly noticeable interruption. In cloud architectures, users are almost not able to detect live migrations of their VMs nor can they prevent them from happening. Nevertheless, if a VM is live migrated to a distant data center crossing national borders, security and privacy problems arise. This way, internal data can become subject to new national legislation without even notifying the owner of the live-migrated VM. In this paper, we propose methods to detect live migrations from the inside of an affected VM. Furthermore, we analyze how the live migration procedure can be delayed and how the additional gained time can be used to take security measures before the live migration is finished. We developed a “live migration defence framework” (LMDF) which can be used for security policy enforcement within a VM. We evaluated the proposed methods and techniques in our cloud setup and partially in the Amazon Elastic Computing Cloud (EC2).
Making Sense of Inquiry Sensemaking

This paper presents a discourse analysis of a report of a tribunal of inquiry in order to further our understanding of inquiry team sensemaking. The subject of the paper is the report of the Allitt Inquiry into attacks on children on Ward 4 at Grantham and Kesteven Hospital in the UK. Premised on an understanding of the report as an exercise in sensemaking, and sensemaking as a narrative process, the paper illustrates how authorial strategies centred on issues of normalization, observation and absolution are employed to create a rhetorical and verisimilitudinous artefact. This, it is argued, is accomplished as part of a more general strategy of depoliticizing the disaster event, legitimating social institutions (especially those connected with the medical profession), ameliorating anxieties by elaborating fantasies of omnipotence and control, and thenceforth acting as a sensitizing narrative archetype.
Supersymmetric Kaluza-Klein reductions of AdS backgrounds

This paper contains a classification of smooth Kaluza--Klein reductions (by one-parameter subgroups) of the maximally supersymmetric anti de Sitter backgrounds of supergravity theories. We present a classification of one-parameter subgroups of isometries of anti de Sitter spaces, discuss the causal properties of their orbits on these manifolds, and discuss their action on the space of Killing spinors. We analyse the problem of which quotients admit a spin structure. We then apply these results to write down the list of smooth everywhere spacelike supersymmetric quotients of AdS_3 x S^3 (x R^4), AdS_4 x S^7, AdS_5 x S^5 and AdS_7 x S^4, and the fraction of supersymmetry preserved by each quotient. The results are summarised in tables which should be useful on their own. The paper also includes a discussion of supersymmetry of singular quotients.
Soybean GmPHD-Type Transcription Regulators Improve Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants

Background Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] is one of the most important crops for oil and protein resource. Improvement of stress tolerance will be beneficial for soybean seed production. Principal Findings Six GmPHD genes encoding Alfin1-type PHD finger protein were identified and their expressions differentially responded to drought, salt, cold and ABA treatments. The six GmPHDs were nuclear proteins and showed ability to bind the cis-element “GTGGAG”. The N-terminal domain of GmPHD played a major role in DNA binding. Using a protoplast assay system, we find that GmPHD1 to GmPHD5 had transcriptional suppression activity whereas GmPHD6 did not have. In yeast assay, the GmPHD6 can form homodimer and heterodimer with the other GmPHDs except GmPHD2. The N-terminal plus the variable regions but not the PHD-finger is required for the dimerization. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the GmPHD2 showed salt tolerance when compared with the wild type plants. This tolerance was likely achieved by diminishing the oxidative stress through regulation of downstream genes. Significance These results provide important clues for soybean stress tolerance through manipulation of PHD-type transcription regulator.
Universal developmental screening: preliminary studies in Galicia, Spain

“A_Tempo” is a research project that is currently under development in Galicia, an autonomous community of Spain. Its main aim is to propose an effective universal screening procedure for early identification of developmental disorders in children from zero to three years of age who attend Galician pre‐primary schools. “A_Tempo” includes a three‐stage approach and uses different screening tools among which the Age and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) play a relevant role. In this article, we evaluate and study ASQ performance in Galicia comparing “A_Tempo” results with other research studies previously conducted in the USA and Norway.
Fast generation of complex networks with underlying hyperbolic geometry

Complex networks have become increasingly popular for modeling various real-world phenomena. Realistic generative network models are important in this context as they avoid privacy concerns of real data and simplify complex network research regarding data sharing, reproducibility, and scalability studies. \emph{Random hyperbolic graphs} are a well-analyzed family of geometric graphs. Previous work provided empirical and theoretical evidence that this generative graph model creates networks with non-vanishing clustering and other realistic features. However, the investigated networks in previous applied work were small, possibly due to the quadratic running time of a previous generator. In this work we provide the first generation algorithm for these networks with subquadratic running time. We prove a time complexity of $O((n^{3/2}+m) \log n)$ with high probability for the generation process. This running time is confirmed by experimental data with our implementation. The acceleration stems primarily from the reduction of pairwise distance computations through a polar quadtree, which we adapt to hyperbolic space for this purpose. In practice we improve the running time of a previous implementation by at least two orders of magnitude this way. Networks with billions of edges can now be generated in a few minutes. Finally, we evaluate the largest networks of this model published so far. Our empirical analysis shows that important features are retained over different graph densities and degree distributions.
Earliest deadline scheduling for real-time database systems

A new priority assignment algorithm called adaptive earliest deadline (AED) is given that stabilizes the overload performance of the earliest deadline policy in a real-time database system (RTDBS) environment. The AED algorithm uses a feedback control mechanism to achieve this objective and does not require knowledge of transaction characteristics. Using a detailed simulation model, the authors compare the performance of AED with respect to earliest deadline and other fixed priority schemes. They also present and evaluate an extension of the AED algorithm called hierarchical earliest deadline (HED), which is designed to handle applications that assign different values to transactions and where the goal is to maximize the total value of the in-time transactions. <<ETX>>
Changes in Radiation Dose with Variations in Human Anatomy: Larger and Smaller Normal-Stature Adults

A systematic evaluation has been performed to study how specific absorbed fractions (SAFs) vary with changes in adult body size, for persons of different size but normal body stature. Methods: A review of the literature was performed to evaluate how individual organ sizes vary with changes in total body weight of normal-stature individuals. On the basis of this literature review, changes were made to our easily deformable reference adult male and female total-body models. Monte Carlo simulations of radiation transport were performed; SAFs for photons were generated for 10th, 25th, 75th, and 90th percentile adults; and comparisons were made to the reference (50th) percentile SAF values. Results: Differences in SAFs for organs irradiating themselves were between 0.5% and 1.0%/kg difference in body weight, from 15% to 30% overall, for organs within the trunk. Differences in SAFs for organs outside the trunk were not greater than the uncertainties in the data and will not be important enough to change calculated doses. For organs irradiating other organs within the trunk, differences were significant, between 0.3% and 1.1%/kg, or about 8%−33% overall. Conclusion: The differences are interesting and can be used to estimate how different patients' dosimetry might vary from values reported in standard dose tables.
The Future Is Now: Chimeric Antigen Receptors as New Targeted Therapies for Childhood Cancer

Improved outcomes for children with cancer hinge on the development of new targeted therapies with acceptable short-term and long-term toxicity. Progress in basic, preclinical, and clinical arenas spanning cellular immunology, gene therapy, and cell-processing technologies have paved the way for clinical applications of chimeric antigen receptor–based therapies. This is a new form of targeted immunotherapy that merges the exquisite targeting specificity of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cytotoxicity, potential for expansion, and long-term persistence provided by cytotoxic T cells. Although this field is still in its infancy, clinical trials have already shown clinically significant antitumor activity in neuroblastoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and B-cell lymphoma, and trials targeting a variety of other adult and pediatric malignancies are under way. Ongoing work is focused on identifying optimal tumor targets and elucidating and manipulating both cell- and host-associated factors to support expansion and persistence of the genetically engineered cells in vivo. In pediatric oncology, CD19 and GD2 are compelling antigens that have already been identified for targeting pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia and neuroblastoma, respectively, with this approach, but it is likely that other antigens expressed in a variety of childhood cancers will also soon be targeted using this therapy. The potential to target essentially any tumor-associated cell-surface antigen for which a monoclonal antibody can be made opens up an entirely new arena for targeted therapy of childhood cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 18(10); 2780–90. ©2012 AACR.
Refining the Nomological Net of the Adult Playfulness Scale: Personality, Motivational, and Attitudinal Correlates for Highly Intelligent Adults

This study extends the nomological net of the 1992 Adult Playfulness Scale of Glynn and Webster by examining concurrent validity using a sample of 550 highly intelligent adults. Playfulness correlated positively with innovative attitudes, intrinsic motivational orientation, and negatively with personal orderliness. Playfulness did not correlate with gender or social desirability and had a low correlation with age. These findings extend the validity of the scale and suggest its applicability for different subgroups of employees in the workplace.
Detection with a General Bag of Words Representation

We address the problem of text localization and retrieval in real world images. We are first to study the retrieval of text images, i.e. the selection of images containing text in large collections at high speed. We propose a novel representation, textual visual words, which describe text by generic visual words that geometrically consistently predict bottom and top lines of text. The visual words are discretized SIFT descriptors of Hessian features. The features may correspond to various structures present in the text character fragments, individual characters or their arrangements. The textual words representation is invariant to affine transformation of the image and local linear change of intensity. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art on the MS dataset. The proposed method detects blurry, small font, low contrast, noisy text from real world images.
True Cramer-Rao lower bound for NDA carrier frequency estimation from general M-QAM modulated signals over flat Rayleigh fading channel

In this paper, we derive for the first time the analytical expressions of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for non-data-aided (NDA) carrier frequency estimation from linearly modulated signals over flat Rayleigh fading channel (FRFC), where the fading gain is not constant during the observation window. Timing delay and phase offset are assumed as perfectly known. The second derivative of the neperian logarithm of the probability density function (PDF) p(x|γ) of the observation vector x parametrized by the carrier frequency offset, is theoretically built up. Then numerical Monte Carlo (MC) method is used to find out the true CRLB and the modified CRB (MCRB) from linearly modulated signals over FRFC with complex additive white Gaussian noise (CAWGN). Through the assessment of the CRLB and the MCRB for various observation window size our method is proven to be trustworthy. The reliability of the method is made obvious from both square quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and phase shift keying (PSK) modulated signals. The simulation result has shown that optimal NDA carrier frequency recovery depends on the constellation density for low SNR range. For both QAM and PSK modulations and for different modulation orders, it is shown that the CRLB is as low as the observation window length is larger. We also show that CRLB to MCRB ratio tends asymptotically towards 1 for larger SNR range as far as the modulation density increases. The derived bound provides an efficient standard to compare the performance of any unbiased NDA carrier frequency estimator for linearly modulated signals over FRFC.
Mobile search and the cloud: The benefits of offloading

This paper presents the benefits and drawbacks of mobile desktop search coupled with cloud-assisted operations, such as operation offloading, cloud storage, and cloud-assisted search. The energy trade-off when offloading a task is analyzed and measured in several different scenarios. An example case of offloading indexing is presented. The problem of cloud-assisted mobile desktop search is introduced and a possible solution outlined. This paper argues that the synergy between mobile platforms and cloud computing is under-utilized and should be explored further, particularly in the search and synchronization use case. Our measurements support offloading (parts of) search related tasks to a cloud service.
Stability of [123I]IBZM SPECT measurement of amphetamine‐induced striatal dopamine release in humans

Binding competition between endogenous dopamine (DA) and the D2 receptor radiotracer [123I]IBZM allows measurement of the change in synaptic DA following amphetamine challenge with SPECT in the living human brain. Previous investigations using this technique in healthy subjects have shown that the magnitude of amphetamine effect on [123I]IBZM binding potential (BP) is small (range between 5 to 15% decrease), and that a large between‐subject variability in this effect is observed. Therefore, it was unclear how much of the apparent between‐subject variability was due to a low signal‐to‐noise ratio in the measurement, vs. true between‐subject differences in the magnitude of the response. The goals of this investigation were to test the within‐subject reproducibility and reliability of amphetamine‐induced decrease in [123I]IBZM BP with a test/retest paradigm, and to establish the presence or absence of tolerance or sensitization to single administration of i.v. amphetamine. Six healthy male subjects, never previously exposed to psychostimulants, twice underwent measurement of striatal amphetamine‐induced DA release (between‐measurement interval 16 ± 10 days) using SPECT and the [123I]IBZM constant infusion technique. Results demonstrated an excellent within‐subject reproducibility of amphetamine‐induced DA release: amphetamine‐induced decreases in [123I]IBZM BP were significant on each day, and had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.89. Moreover, values from the second experiment were not significantly different from first experiment, suggesting the absence of either sensitization or tolerance to the effect of amphetamine on DA release in these experimental conditions. The subjective activation, as rated by the subjects on analog scales, was also highly reproducible. In conclusion, this scanning technique provides a reliable measurement of amphetamine‐induced reduction of [123I]IBZM BP and enables detection of between‐subject differences that appear stable over time. Synapse 31:302–308, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Occupational Therapy and Substance Use Disorders: Are Practitioners Addressing These Disorders in Practice?

Occupational therapy practitioners across all practice settings were surveyed in order to determine whether practitioners were assessing substance use disorders, and what interventions were used with clients who have or were suspected to have substance use disorders. Reasons practitioners did not address a clients' substance use disorder were explored. The perceptions of practitioners regarding their competence to assess and treat substance use disorders were also examined. The results of this study indicated that the majority of occupational therapy practitioners sampled outside the mental health setting did not routinely assess or treat substance use disorders. The findings of this study suggest that practitioners need to incorporate assessment and treatment of substance use disorders and their subsequent occupational performance deficits into daily practice regardless of practice area to assure holistic and comprehensive treatment.
When there's a will, there might be a way: the economic impact of mobile phones and entrepreneurial motivation on female-owned microenterprises

Based on a survey of 598 urban microentrepreneurs in Chennai, India, we contend that access to mobile phones is a necessary but not sufficient condition for achieving certain development goals. We explicate an innovative concept, entrepreneurial expectations, and explore its linkage with mobile phones and microenterprise growth. We found that among high-expectation microentrepreneurs (14 percent of the sample) business use of mobile phones amplified the impact of entrepreneurial expectations and was associated with greater microenterprise growth.
Student Performance and Family Socioeconomic Status: Results from a Survey of Compulsory Education in Western China

This study used fifteen-year-old ninth-grade students from rural areas of five provinces in western China as samples to carry out research on the relationship between the socioeconomic status of Chinese families and student academic performance. Based on parents' educational background, occupation, family economic conditions, and other factors, the family socioeconomic status index was calculated. This paper sets out to explore the gradient changing relationship between student academic performance and family socioeconomic status.
Unravelling the complexities of distance education student attrition

This paper reports on an investigation into the complexities of student attrition in a distance education course. Deep‐seated factors involved in the attrition process are disclosed as the particular qualitative research process that was employed mapped student responses through the course of interviews. These tabulations reveal interesting patterns of change as students volunteer explanations for their decisions.
Mislocalization of near‐threshold tactile stimuli in humans: a central or peripheral phenomenon?

Principles of brain function can be disclosed by studying their limits during performance. Tactile stimuli with near‐threshold intensities have been used to assess features of somatosensory processing. When stimulating fingers of one hand using near‐threshold intensities, localization errors are observed that deviate significantly from responses obtained by guessing – incorrectly located stimuli are attributed more often to fingers neighbouring the stimulated one than to more distant fingers. Two hypotheses to explain the findings are proposed. The ‘central hypothesis’ posits that the degree of overlap of cortical tactile representations depends on stimulus intensity, with representations less separated for near‐threshold stimuli than for suprathreshold stimuli. The ‘peripheral hypothesis’ assumes that systematic mislocalizations are due to activation of different sets of skin receptors with specific thresholds. The present experiments were designed to decide between the two hypotheses. Taking advantage of the frequency tuning of somatosensory receptors, their contribution to systematic misclocalizations was studied. In the first experiment, mislocalization profiles were investigated using vibratory stimuli with frequencies of 10, 20 and 100 Hz. Unambiguous mislocalization effects were only obtained for the 10‐Hz stimulation, precluding the involvement of Pacinian corpuscles in systematic mislocalization. In the second experiment, Pacinian corpuscles were functionally eliminated by applying a constant 100‐Hz vibratory masking stimulus together with near‐threshold pulses. Despite masking, systematic mislocation patterns were observed rendering the involvement of Pacinian corpuscles unlikely. The results of both experiments are in favor of the ‘central hypothesis’ assuming that the extent of overlap in somatosensory representations is modulated by stimulus intensity.
Selective use of model-based coding for large moving objects

Measurements using a continuous quality recording method have revealed the extent of quality variations that occur in MPEG2 pictures at low bit rates. Large moving objects in particular can give rise to particularly severe troughs in quality. The complementary characteristics of modelbased coding are examined with a view to a synthesis of the two methods in a switched coder, with possible increased overall coding efficiency.
A level set formulation for Willmore flow

A level set formulation of Willmore flow is derived using the gradient flow perspective. Starting from single embedded surfaces and the corresponding gradient flow, the metric is generalized to sets of level set surfaces using the identification of normal velocities and variations of the level set function in time via the level set equation. This approach in particular allows one to identify the natural dependent quantities of the derived variational formulation. Furthermore, spatial and temporal discretizations are discussed and some numerical simulations are presented. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 35K55, 53C44, 65M60, 74S05.