Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PCR Detection of Babesia ovata from Cattle Reared in Japan and 1 Clinical Significance of Co-Infection with Theileria orientalis 2 3 Running title : Co-infection of B . ovata and T . orientalis in cattle

PCR Detection of Babesia ovata from Cattle Reared in Japan and 1 Clinical Significance of Co-Infection with Theileria orientalis 2 3 Running title: Co-infection of B. ovata and T. orientalis in cattle 4 5 Thillaiampalam Sivakumar, Michihito Tagawa, Takeshi Yoshinari, Adrian P. Ybañez, 6 Ikuo Igarashi, Yuzuru Ikehara, Hiroshi Hata, Seiji Kondo, Kotaro Matsumoto, 7 Hisashi Inokuma, and Naoaki Yokoyama* 8 9 National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture 10 and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan 11 Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and 12 Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan 13 Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science 14 and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 15 Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hidaka-gun, 16 Hokkaido, Japan 17 18 *Corresponding author. Mailing address: National Research Center for Protozoan 19 Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, 20 Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan. Phone: +81-155-49-5649; Fax: +81-155-49-5643; 21 E-mail: yokoyama@obihiro.ac. jp 22 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/JCM.00220-12 JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 21 March 2012
David Marr ’ s Vision : floreat computational neuroscience

This is a reprint of David Marr's 1982 book. A foreword placing the book in its historical context is added by Shimon Ullman, and an afterword by Tomaso Poggio is added on some of the themes in the book. David Marr was one of the originators of computational neuroscience, and the useful re-publication of this book enables us to assess how this field is developing, and to put David Marr's contributions into perspective. David Marr (1945–80) obtained a First Class degree in Mathematics at the University of Cambridge in 1966; and was sufficiently interested in how the brain works to attend the Part II undergraduate courses in physiology and psychology of the Natural Sciences Tripos. (David was not experienced in practical classes, and happened to be paired with Barbara Rolls, the first female PhD student in physiology at Cambridge, who also sat in on the practical classes and provided expertise partly as a result of her training with Alan Epstein at the University of Pennsylvania.) One of the lecturers in physiology was Giles Brindley, who was interested in vision (as were many of the other members of the Department, including Giles Brindley published a paper on how different classes of syn-apses might show plasticity and contribute to learning in neural networks (Brindley, 1969). These lectures and this work stimulated David's thinking about synaptic modification and its role in systems in the brain that learn. This led to three seminal papers: One important property of David Marr's approach at this time was the move to take into account the quantitative network architecture of the brain system being modelled—the hippocampus, cerebellum and neocortex (Marr, 1969, 1970, 1971)—to produce a quantitative theory. This has proven to be very important in subsequent computational neuroscience approaches to memory, vision, attention and decision making However, neuroscience was insufficiently advanced in the 1970s for David Marr to put his theories to empirical test. Nonetheless, he did try—working for example with John Eccles (Eccles et al., 1967) to test the prediction that the cerebellar parallel fibre to Purkinje cell synapses would modify associatively with the inferior olive/climbing fibre input to the Purkinje cell. They were not able to confirm this prediction, perhaps in part because the climbing fibre input was stimulated at much higher rates than these fibres are now known to fire naturally (in the range of 0–10 spikes/s). But this fundamental tenet and prediction of the …
Validação das escalas de satisfação com a vida e afetos para idosos rurais

This study aimed to adapt and validate the Scales of Satisfaction with Life (SWLS) and Positive and Negative Affects (PNAS) for elderly residents in the rural environment in the State of Paraiba, Brasil. 342 elderly people, aged between 60 and 80 years. They answered a biodemographic questionnaire, SWLS and PANAS. Both ranging from 0 (none) to 10 (extremely). Descriptive analyses and exploratory factor analysis were done. The SWLS presented itself as one-dimensional (4 items) based on a Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) that settled a single factor (Alpha de Cronbrach = 0,84), allowing to explain 59,07% of the construct total variance. The PNAS, on the other hand, configured as two-dimensional through the analysis of Principal Components (PC) with Oblimin rotation, formed by factors positive affects (4 items) and negative affects (5 items), explaining, respectively, 40,88% and 18,18% of the total variance, and with Alpha de Cronbrach 0,78 in each factor. In this sense, both scales proved to be appropriate to the sample in question.
Molecular profiling of tumor progression in head and neck cancer.

OBJECTIVE To assess gene expression changes associated with tumor progression in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. DESIGN A microarray containing 17 840 complementary DNA clones was used to measure gene expression changes associated with tumor progression in 9 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. Samples were taken for analysis from the primary tumor, nodal metastasis, and "normal" mucosa from the patients' oral cavity. SETTING Tertiary care facility. Patients Nine patients with stage III or stage IV untreated oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS Our analysis to categorize genes based on their expression patterns has identified 140 genes that consistently increased in expression during progression from normal tissue to invasive tumor and subsequently to metastatic node (in at least 4 of the 9 cases studied). A similar list of 94 genes has been identified that decreased in expression during tumor progression and metastasis. We validated this gene discovery approach by selecting moesin (a member of the ezrin/radixin/moesin [ERM] family of cytoskeletal proteins) and one of the genes that consistently increased in expression during tumor progression for subsequent immunohistochemical analysis using a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissue array. CONCLUSION A distinct pattern of gene expression, with progressive up- or down-regulation of expression, is found during the progression from histologically normal tissue to primary carcinoma and to nodal metastasis.
Hierarchical Deep Temporal Models for Group Activity Recognition

In this paper we present an approach for classifying the activity performed by a group of people in a video sequence. This problem of group activity recognition can be addressed by examining individual person actions and their relations. Temporal dynamics exist both at the level of individual person actions as well as at the level of group activity. Given a video sequence as input, methods can be developed to capture these dynamics at both person-level and group-level detail. We build a deep model to capture these dynamics based on LSTM (long short-term memory) models. In order to model both person-level and group-level dynamics, we present a 2-stage deep temporal model for the group activity recognition problem. In our approach, one LSTM model is designed to represent action dynamics of individual people in a video sequence and another LSTM model is designed to aggregate person-level information for group activity recognition. We collected a new dataset consisting of volleyball videos labeled with individual and group activities in order to evaluate our method. Experimental results on this new Volleyball Dataset and the standard benchmark Collective Activity Dataset demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed models.
Energy-Efficient Cache Coherence for Embedded Multi-Processor Systems through Application-Driven Snoop Filtering

Maintaining local caches coherent in bus-based multiprocessor systems results in significantly elevated power consumption, as the bus snooping protocols require local cache lookups for each memory reference placed on the common bus. Such a conservative approach is warranted in general-purpose systems, where no prior knowledge regarding the communication structure between threads or processes is available. In such a general-purpose context the assumption is that each memory request is potentially a reference to a shared memory region, which may result in cache inconsistency, if no correcting activities are undertaken. The approach we propose exploits the fact that in embedded systems, important knowledge is available to the system designers regarding communication activities between tasks allocated to the different processor nodes. We demonstrate how the snoop-related cache probing activity can be drastically reduced by identifying in a deterministic way all the shared memory regions and the communication patterns between the processor nodes. Cache snoop activity is enabled only for the fraction of the bus transactions, which refer to locations belonging to known shared memory regions for each processor node; for the remaining larger part of memory references known to be of no relation to the given processor node, snoop probings in the local cache are completely disabled, thus saving a large amount of power. The experiments which we have performed on a number of important applications demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach
A positive thinking training application

The development of innovative (Information and Communication Technology) ICT-based content, services, pedagogies and practices has become an integral part of today's educational procedure. ICT-based applications in education must be well designed and, to become acceptable by their end-user, they must also be comprehensible and easy to use. The PoTrain system is such an application aiming at encouraging the collection and dissemination of positive (good) news by students across the EU using the Web.
DASC cache

For many microprocessors, cache hit time determines the clock cycle. On the other hand, cache miss penalty(measured in instruction issue delays) becomes higher and higher. Conciliating low cache miss ratio with low cache hit time is an important issue. When caches are virtually indexed, the operating system (or some specific hardware) has to manage data consistency of caches and memory. Unfortunately, conciliating physical indexing of the cache and low cache hit time is very difficult. In this paper, we propose the Direct-mapped Access Set-associative Check cache (DASC) for addressing both difficulties. On a DASC cache, the cache array is direct-mapped, so the cache hit time is low. However the tag array is set-associative and the external miss ratio on a DASC cache is the same as the miss ratio on a set-associative cache. When the size of an associativity degree of the tag array is tied to the minimum page size, a virtually indexed but physically tagged DASC cache correctly handles all difficulties associated with cache consistency. Trace driven simulations show that, for cache sizes in the range of 16 to 64 Kbytes and for page sizes in the range 4 to 8 Kbytes, a DASC cache is a valuable trade-off allowing fast cache hit time and low cache miss ratio while cache consistency management is performed by hardware. <<ETX>>
ON THE EVOLUTION OF ANOMALOUS X-RAY PULSARS AND SOFT GAMMA-RAY REPEATERS WITH FALL BACK DISKS

We show that the period clustering of anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) and soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs), their X-ray luminosities, ages, and statistics can be explained with fall back disks with large initial specific angular momentum. The disk evolution models are developed by comparison to self-similar analytical models. The initial disk mass and angular momentum set the viscous timescale. An efficient torque, with (1 − ω2*) dependence on the fastness parameter ω*, leads to period clustering in the observed AXP–SGR period range under a wide range of initial conditions. The timescale t0 for the early evolution of the fall back disk, and the final stages of fall back disk evolution, when the disk becomes passive, are the crucial determinants of the evolution. The disk becomes passive at temperatures around 100 K, which provides a natural cutoff for the X-ray luminosity and defines the end of evolution in the observable AXP and SGR phase. This low value for the minimum temperature for active disk turbulence indicates that the fall back disks are active up to a large radius, ≳1012 cm. We find that transient AXPs and SGRs are likely to be older than their persistent cousins. A fall back disk with mass transfer rates corresponding to the low quiescent X-ray luminosities of the transient sources in early evolutionary phases would have a relatively lower initial mass, such that the mass-flow rate in the disk is not sufficient for the inner disk to penetrate into the light cylinder of the young neutron star, making mass accretion onto the neutron star impossible. The transient AXP phase therefore must start later. The model results imply that the transient AXP/SGRs, although older, are likely to be similar in number to persistent sources. This is because the X-ray luminosities of AXPs and SGRs are found to decrease faster at the end of their evolution, and the X-ray luminosities of transient AXP and SGRs in quiescence lie in the luminosity range of X-ray cutoff phase. Taking the range of quiescent X-ray luminosities of transient AXPs and SGRs ∼1033–1034 erg s−1, our simulations imply that the duration of the cutoff phase is comparable to the lifetime in the persistent phase for a large range of initial conditions.
IDENTITY PRESERVING IN DYNAMIC GROUPS FOR DATA SHARING AND AUDITING IN CLOUD

Users of Cloud can store up their data and retrieve the required services or/and applications from a free pool of resources for computing. This method of compute provides an budgetable and suitable resolution for using resources among users of the cloud. It is one of the common places for data storage and shared across multiple users. Unfortunately, sharing of data in groups which are dynamic in nature while keeping data of the user and identity preservance from non trustable cloud server and general checking the correctness for such data while giving same priority to preserve the identity in dynamic group environment remains to be challenge. In the present proposed mechanism the signer identity is not disclosed to auditor to check the integrity of data that is distributed between different users without accessing the file in its entirety.
Challenges in the Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency in Children Exposed to High Prevalence of Infections

Background While WHO guidelines recommend iron supplements to only iron-deficient children in high infection pressure areas, these are rarely implemented. One of the reasons for this is the commonly held view that iron supplementation increases the susceptibility to some infectious diseases including malaria. Secondly, currently used markers to diagnose iron deficiency are also modified by infections. With the objective of improving iron deficiency diagnosis and thus, its management, we evaluated the performance of iron markers in children exposed to high infection pressure. Methodology/Principal Findings Iron markers were compared to bone marrow findings in 180 anaemic children attending a rural hospital in southern Mozambique. Eighty percent (144/180) of the children had iron deficiency by bone marrow examination, 88% (155/176) had an inflammatory process, 66% (119/180) had moderate anaemia, 25% (45/180) severe anaemia and 9% (16/180) very severe anaemia. Mean cell haemoglobin concentration had a sensitivity of 51% and specificity of 71% for detecting iron deficiency. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and soluble transferrin receptor/log ferritin (TfR-F) index (adjusted by C reactive protein) showed the highest areas under the ROC curve (AUCROC) (0.75 and 0.76, respectively), and were the most sensitive markers in detecting iron deficiency (83% and 75%, respectively), but with moderate specificities (50% and 56%, respectively). Conclusions/Significance Iron deficiency by bone marrow examination was extremely frequent in these children exposed to high prevalence of infections. However, even the best markers of bone marrow iron deficiency did not identify around a quarter of iron-deficient children. Tough not directly extrapolated to the community, these findings urge for more reliable, affordable and easy to measure iron indicators to reduce the burden of iron deficiency anaemia in resource-poor settings where it is most prevalent.
Evaluation of a clinical leadership programme for nurse leaders.

AIM This is an evaluation study of the impact of the adapted RCN Clinical Leadership Programme on the development of leadership competencies of nurse leaders in Switzerland. BACKGROUND Transformational leadership competencies are essential for delivering high-quality care within health-care organizations. However, many countries have identified a lack of leadership skills in nurse leaders. Consequently, the development of leadership competencies is a major objective for health-care centres. METHODS This article describes the quantitative results of a mixed methods study. A one-group pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental design was used. A convenience sample of 14 ward leaders were assessed three times using the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI). Descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques were employed. RESULTS In total 420 observer-assessment questionnaires and 42 self-assessment questionnaires were distributed. Our main finding was that nurse leaders following the programme, demonstrated significant improvement in two subscales of the LPI -'inspiring a shared vision' and 'challenging the process'. CONCLUSION This study showed improvement in two leadership practices of nurse leaders following a programme that has been adapted to Swiss health care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Findings concur with others studies that suggest that investments in educational programs to facilitate leadership skills in nurse leaders are justified.
Detection of Composite Operation in Model Management

Model management systems become increasingly critical in model-driven engineering. One of the main tasks of these systems is to record the operations performed on model elements. While most systems support the record of primitive model change operations, complex composite model change operations are neglected, which may result in the lack of understandability. In this paper, we propose an approach to capture model transformation from primitive operations to composite ones. First, based on the low-level operation, we define some general high-level operations with hierarchical structures. Then, a matching algorithm is designed to compare primitive operations with the hierarchical structures from the bottom up. If matching successfully, the primitive operations would be lifted to a composited operation. The algorithm is iterative and ensures that all operations are lifted. The evaluation results on real-world cases show that both precision and recall of composite operation detection are improved when compared with the EMF Modeling Operations (EMO) and Complex Change Detection Engine (CCDE) algorithms.
Growth rates and life histories in twenty‐two small‐scale societies

This study investigates variation in body growth (cross‐sectional height and weight velocity) among a sample of 22 small‐scale societies. Considerable variation in growth exists among hunter‐gatherers that overlaps heavily with growth trajectories present in groups focusing more on horticulture. Intergroup variation tends to track environmental conditions, with societies under more favorable conditions displaying faster growth and earlier puberty. In addition, faster/earlier development in females is correlated with higher mortality. For example, African “Pygmies,” Philippine “Negritos,” and the Hiwi of Venezuela are characterized by relatively fast child‐juvenile growth for their adult body size (used as a proxy for energetic availability). In these societies, subadult survival is low, and puberty, menarche, and first reproduction are relatively early (given their adult body size), suggesting selective pressure for accelerated development in the face of higher mortality. In sum, the origin and maintenance of different human ontogenies may require explanations invoking both environmental constraints and selective pressures. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 18:295–311, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
EhCP112 is an Entamoeba histolytica secreted cysteine protease that may be involved in the parasite‐virulence

EhCP112 is an Entamoeba histolytica protease that together with the EhADH112 protein forms the EhCPADH complex involved in trophozoite virulence. Here, we produced the recombinant EhCP112 and studied its relationships with extracellular matrix components and with target cells. A DNA fragment containing the pro‐peptide and the mature enzyme was expressed in bacteria as an active enzyme (rEhCP112), whereas the full gene containing the signal peptide, the pro‐peptide and the mature enzyme expressed a non‐active protein. The fragment only with the mature enzyme was not expressed. rEhCP112 purified by affinity columns digested azocasein and had a strong autoproteolytic activity. Four hours after purification the protein appeared degraded. Anti‐tag antibodies, monoclonal antibodies against the EhCP112 and sera from human patients with amoebiasis recognized rEhCP112. rEhCP112 digested gelatin, collagen type I, fibronectin and haemoglobin; it destroyed MDCK cell monolayers and bound to red blood cells. The native EhCP112 was poorly expressed in a virulence‐deficient mutant, and in the wild‐type clone it was located in secreted vesicles, forming the EhCPADH complex. Altogether these results show that EhCP112 is a molecule able to disrupt cell monolayers and digest proteins of the extracellular matrix and haemoglobin, and it is secreted by the trophozoites.
A low-cost approach for effective shape-based retrieval and classification of medical images

This work aims at developing an efficient support for retrieval and classification of medical images, introducing an approach that comprises techniques of image processing, data mining and fractal theory, leading to an effective and direct way to compare images. A method of feature extraction and comparison is proposed, which uses Zernike moments for invariant pattern recognition as shape features of images' regions of interest. A new algorithm that generates statistical-based association rules is used to identify representative features that discriminate the disease classes of images. In order to minimize the computational effort, another new algorithm, based on fractal theory, is applied to reduce the dimensionality of the representative feature space. In essence, the proposed method determines the smallest set of relevant features that can properly represent images without loss of precision. In addition, the method discards the need of image segmentation, leading to a simple but effective way to make image retrieval by content. Experiments executing k-nearest neighbor queries on medical images reveal that the process is robust and suitable to perform retrieval combined with classification of this kind of images.