Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Development and Initial Validation of a Scale to Assess Career Goal Discrepancies

Career goal discrepancy, which is at the heart of goal-oriented, career models of motivation and agency, is the perceived gap between an individual’s career goal (i.e., future self or situation) and the progress being made toward achieving that goal (i.e., current self or situation). There are no existing scales that assess this construct. To progress research in this area, we devised a brief, 12-item measure suitable for use with young adults. Devising a scale for this population is appropriate, as young adulthood is the age when occupational goals and occupational goal progress are important foci. We generated initial items for four underlying domains of goal discrepancy (achievement, effort, ability, and standard discrepancy), had the items rated by experts, and then administered them to a large, diverse sample of young adults (N = 615, mean age 20.9 years). We reduced the number of items and tested the factor structure of the scale using exploratory factor analysis, confirmed the structure on a holdout sample using confirmatory factor analysis, and assessed construct validity by testing hypothesized relationships with existing measures (career goal commitment and career distress). Being able to assess discrepancy in the career domain will stimulate research into the career development of young adults and will allow practitioners to explore issues around career goal setting and adaptive responses to career setbacks.
Identification of Factor Models for the Wisc-Iii

Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test three models of the WISC-III including Wechsler's original two-factor conceptualization, Kaufman's three-factor model, and the four-factor model proposed in the WISC-III manual. Correlation matrixes and standard deviations for the standardization sample for age groups 6 to 16 provided in the WISC-III manual were used as input to LISREL 7 to test the three models. Statistically, none of the models fit the data very well except for the three-factor and four-factor models for ages 6 and 9. However, incremental fit and cross-validation indexes showed the four factor model fit the data better for all age groups. Because there is no psychological theory to support the four-factor conceptualization of the new WISC-III, additional theoretical and empirical research is needed to clarify the third and fourth factors. Until such research is conducted, these factors remain enigmatic and bring into question their usefulness for clinical and research efforts.
Study of Credit Risk for Capital-Intensive Industries Based on Logistic Model

Credit risk assessment of companies has been an important part of the study on risk management for a long time, especially for the default risk of companies with a high liability-to-asset rate. In this paper, we use factor analysis method to establish a logistic regression model and make an empirical analysis on the credit risk of listed companies of Capital-Intensive Industries. The results show that long-term pay ability, cash flow factor, profitability, and sales ability have the greatest influence on credit risk assessment, and the next come the short-term liquidity and asset-liability. By the inspection of testing samples, it is proved that this Logistic model is effective for credit risk assessment because of its high accuracy and reliable recognition, good prediction and generalization ability.
Ultrawideband and Polarization-Independent Radar-Cross-Sectional Reduction With Composite Artificial Magnetic Conductor Surface

A composite artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) surface has been proposed for ultrawideband and polarization-independent radar-cross-sectional (RCS) reduction. Three different AMC units are employed to form the composite surface, which make up of destructive phase difference (180° ± 30°) over a broad frequency range. It is analytically shown that an ultrawideband RCS reduction is achieved from 5.0 to 20.0 GHz for arbitrary polarizations. The RCS reduction value exceeds 10.0 dB almost from 6.0 to 18.4 GHz, resulting in a fractional bandwidth of 101.6%. To verify the proposed design method, the AMC surface specimen is fabricated and measured, and the experimental results agree well with the simulations.
High‐Resolution Underwater Robotic Vision‐Based Mapping and Three‐Dimensional Reconstruction for Archaeology

Documenting underwater archaeological sites is an extremely challenging problem. Sites covering large areas are particularly daunting for traditional techniques. In this paper, we present a novel approach to this problem using both an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and a diver‐controlled stereo imaging platform to document the submerged Bronze Age city at Pavlopetri, Greece. The result is a three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction covering 26,600 m2 at a resolution of 2 mm/pixel, the largest‐scale underwater optical 3D map, at such a resolution, in the world to date. We discuss the advances necessary to achieve this result, including i) an approach to color correct large numbers of images at varying altitudes and over varying bottom types; ii) a large‐scale bundle adjustment framework that is capable of handling upward of 400,000 stereo images; and iii) a novel approach to the registration and rapid documentation of an underwater excavations area that can quickly produce maps of site change. We present visual and quantitative comparisons to the authors' previous underwater mapping approaches.
Integrating Spatial Layout of Object Parts into Classification without Pairwise Terms - Application to Fast Body Parts Estimation from Depth Images

Object recognition or human pose estimation methods often resort to a decomposition into a collection of parts. This local representation has significant advantages, especially in case of occlusions and when the ``object'' is non-rigid. Detection and recognition requires modelling the appearance of the different object parts as well as their spatial layout. The latter can be complex and requires the minimization of complex energy functions, which is prohibitive in most real world applications and therefore often omitted. However, ignoring the spatial layout puts all the burden on the classifier, whose only available information is local appearance. We propose a new method to integrate the spatial layout into the parts classification without costly pairwise terms. We present an application to body parts classification for human pose estimation.As a second contribution, we introduce edge features from RGB images as a complement to the well known depth features used for body parts classification from Kinect data.
Identification of Sequences Encoding Symbiodinium minutum Mitochondrial Proteins

The dinoflagellates are an extremely diverse group of algae closely related to the Apicomplexa and the ciliates. Much work has previously been undertaken to determine the presence of various biochemical pathways within dinoflagellate mitochondria. However, these studies were unable to identify several key transcripts including those encoding proteins involved in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis, and protein import. Here, we analyze the draft nuclear genome of the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium minutum, as well as RNAseq data to identify nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. The results confirm the presence of a complete tricarboxylic acid cycle in the dinoflagellates. Results also demonstrate the difficulties in using the genome sequence for the identification of genes due to the large number of introns, but show that it is highly useful for the determination of gene duplication events.
Implementation of One-Cycle Control for Switched Capacitor Converters

An extension of the one-cycle control (OCC) method for switched-capacitor (SC) converters is proposed in this paper, featuring a fast dynamic response, wide line and load operation ranges, and simplicity in implementation. To illustrate the operation principle of this nonlinear control method and to demonstrate its simplicity in design, a dual-phase unity gain SC converter is examined. A new control loop based on the charge balance in a flying capacitor is formulated for the OCC technique and implemented with a 15W dual-phase unity gain SC converter on a circuit board for control verification. The obtained experimental results show that external disturbances can be rejected in one switching cycle by the OCC controlled SC converter with good line and load regulations. When compared to other control methods, the proposed nonlinear control loop exhibits superior dynamic performance in suppressing input and load disturbances.
Secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA as a mediator connecting innate and adaptive immunity: new role in atherosclerosis.

AIMS Human atherosclerotic plaques express markers of macrophage/dendritic cells as well as high levels of inflammatory proteins such as secreted phospholipase A(2) type IIA (sPLA(2)-IIA). To understand the cellular changes associated with the progress of atherosclerosis, we evaluated the role of sPLA(2)-IIA in mediating monocyte recruitment and differentiation into antigen-presenting cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of sPLA(2)-IIA on monocyte differentiation was evaluated in human THP-1 cells, a cellular line widely used as a model for monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Changes in functional processes, morphology and expression of antigens, characteristic of differentiated cells, were monitored over a 1-3 day period. sPLA(2)-IIA inhibited CD14 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and upregulated dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin levels at the cell surface, findings that were the same for human monocytes. In addition, sPLA(2)-IIA-differentiated cells showed a dendritic cell phenotype characterized by the generation of fine dendritic protrusions and an increase in surface markers such as CD40, CD83, CD54, CD61, and CD62L. Furthermore, cell adhesion, migration, endocytic activity, and allogeneic T cell proliferation capacity were markedly increased after sPLA(2)-IIA treatment. CONCLUSION sPLA(2)-IIA induces the differentiation of mononuclear cells and increases their adhesive and migratory capabilities, which suggests a novel function for sPLA(2)-IIA as a mediator connecting innate and adaptive immunity. These findings may provide insight into the immuno-inflammatory processes occurring in atherosclerosis, helping us to understand the cellular changes associated with the development of atherosclerosis.
Meta-Structure Transformation Model for Statistical Machine Translation

We propose a novel syntax-based model for statistical machine translation in which meta-structure (MS) and meta-structure sequence (SMS) of a parse tree are defined. In this framework, a parse tree is decomposed into SMS to deal with the structure divergence and the alignment can be reconstructed at different levels of recombination of MS (RM). RM pairs extracted can perform the mapping between the sub-structures across languages. As a result, we have got not only the translation for the target language, but an SMS of its parse tree at the same time. Experiments with BLEU metric show that the model significantly outperforms Pharaoh, a state-art-the-art phrase-based system.
Endocytic Host Cell Machinery Plays a Dominant Role in Intracellular Trafficking of Incoming Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Human Placental Trophoblasts

ABSTRACT Vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the primary cause of infection by this retrovirus in infants. In this study, we report for the first time that there is a correlation between endocytic uptake of HIV-1 and virus gene expression in polarized trophoblasts. To shed light on the relationship between endocytosis and the fate of HIV-1 in polarized trophoblasts, the step-by-step movements of HIV-1 within the endocytic compartments were tracked by confocal imaging. Incoming virions were initially located in early endosomes. As time progressed, virions accumulated in late endosomes. HIV-1 was also found in apical recycling endosomes and at the basolateral pole. Experiments performed with indicator cells revealed that HIV-1 is recycled and transcytosed. These data indicate that the intracellular trafficking of HIV-1 upon entry into polarized human trophoblasts is a complex process which requires the active participation of the endocytic host cell machinery.
The Role of IRE1α in the Degradation of Insulin mRNA in Pancreatic β-Cells

Background The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular compartment for the biosynthesis and folding of newly synthesized secretory proteins such as insulin. Perturbations to ER homeostasis cause ER stress and subsequently activate cell signaling pathways, collectively known as the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). IRE1α is a central component of the UPR. In pancreatic β-cells, IRE1α also functions in the regulation of insulin biosynthesis. Principal Findings Here we report that hyperactivation of IRE1α caused by chronic high glucose treatment or IRE1α overexpression leads to insulin mRNA degradation in pancreatic β-cells. Inhibition of IRE1α signaling using its dominant negative form prevents insulin mRNA degradation. Islets from mice heterozygous for IRE1α retain expression of more insulin mRNA after chronic high glucose treatment than do their wild-type littermates. Conclusions/Significance These results reveal a role of IRE1α in insulin mRNA expression under ER stress conditions caused by chronic high glucose. The rapid degradation of insulin mRNA could provide immediate relief for the ER and free up the translocation machinery. Thus, this mechanism would preserve ER homeostasis and help ensure that the insulin already inside the ER can be properly folded and secreted. This adaptation may be crucial for the maintenance of β-cell homeostasis and may explain why the β-cells of type 2 diabetic patients with chronic hyperglycemia stop producing insulin in the absence of apoptosis. This mechanism may also be involved in suppression of the autoimmune type 1 diabetes by reducing the amount of misfolded insulin, which could be a source of “neo-autoantigens. ”
Inferring Pathway Activity toward Precise Disease Classification

The advent of microarray technology has made it possible to classify disease states based on gene expression profiles of patients. Typically, marker genes are selected by measuring the power of their expression profiles to discriminate among patients of different disease states. However, expression-based classification can be challenging in complex diseases due to factors such as cellular heterogeneity within a tissue sample and genetic heterogeneity across patients. A promising technique for coping with these challenges is to incorporate pathway information into the disease classification procedure in order to classify disease based on the activity of entire signaling pathways or protein complexes rather than on the expression levels of individual genes or proteins. We propose a new classification method based on pathway activities inferred for each patient. For each pathway, an activity level is summarized from the gene expression levels of its condition-responsive genes (CORGs), defined as the subset of genes in the pathway whose combined expression delivers optimal discriminative power for the disease phenotype. We show that classifiers using pathway activity achieve better performance than classifiers based on individual gene expression, for both simple and complex case-control studies including differentiation of perturbed from non-perturbed cells and subtyping of several different kinds of cancer. Moreover, the new method outperforms several previous approaches that use a static (i.e., non-conditional) definition of pathways. Within a pathway, the identified CORGs may facilitate the development of better diagnostic markers and the discovery of core alterations in human disease.
Affect, citizenship, politics: implications for education

This article analyses the role of emotions in the constitution of political identity and boundary formation, and discusses the educational implications of that analysis in the context of citizenship education. The author begins by examining how affect is fundamental to the formation of borders, nationhood and citizenship, and discusses the role of the nation‐state as a mobilizer of political emotion. The article goes on to describe how a sentimental citizenship education perpetuates economies of exclusion/inclusion through emphasizing immanent distinctions between hosts and strangers. In the last part of the article, the author argues that there is an urgent need for reconceptualisation of citizenship education and that this effort can be grounded in the notions of conviviality and hospitality. This new citizenship education paradigm operates through a different affective economy that deconstructs the host/stranger polarity and establishes the conditions for a hospitable community that embraces criticality.
Modeling the Flow of Information in a Social Network

Recent measurements of online social networks have observed a number of shared structural characteristics, such as power law distributions, scale-free properties, graph evolution, and information cascades (e.g. [9, 2, 1]), and, more recently, real-world networks such as blogs and viral outbreaks [8] and temporal patterns in networks (e.g. [3]). However, these studies measure networks as a function of nodes and links rather than a function of the subjective and individual relationships in the network.
Computational Challenges of Next Generation Sequencing Pipelines Using Heterogeneous Systems

We are rapidly entering the era of genomics. The dramatic cost reduction of DNA sequencing due to the introduction of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques has resulted in an exponential growth of genetics data. The amount of data generated, and its associated processing into useful information, poses serious computational challenges. Here, we give a brief introduction of NGS, show a typical NGS processing pipeline, and show the associated challenges from a computational perspective. A case study is presented where one component of the NGS processing pipeline is accelerated: BWA-MEM, the de-facto industry-standard for the mapping stage. This is a first step in achieving a fully heterogeneously accelerated NGS pipeline.
Doing It All: An Exploratory Study of Predictors of Media Multitasking

Multitasking with media is increasing. This shift in media consumption presents challenges to advertising practitioners and researchers because it may affect people's attention, perception, and memory for advertising contained in those media. However, while audience multitasking behavior has recently received increased attention, the individual predictors of media multitasking are underexplored. To better understand the audience factors associated with heavy media multitasking we conducted a survey with samples from a student population (N = 308) and a national consumer population (N = 501). Age and gender were significant predictors only in the national sample, while personal control and need for simplicity were predictors only in the student sample. Results also indicated that sensation seeking and creativity were significant predictors of multitasking in both samples. Interestingly for advertisers, increased perception of advertising utility was also a predictor of multitasking in both the student and national sample.
Momentary positive and negative affect preceding marijuana use events in youth.

UNLABELLED ABSTRACT. among young people. This study examined how positive and negative affect differ before marijuana use compared with other times. METHOD Forty medical outpatients ages 15-24 years who used marijuana recreationally at least twice a week (M = 18.7 years; 58% female) reported momentary positive affect, negative affect, companionship, perceived ease of obtaining marijuana, and marijuana use several times a day for 2 weeks on a handheld computer. Mean momentary positive affect and negative affect scores in the 24 hours leading up to a marijuana use event (n = 294) were compared with affect scores in times further from subsequent use. Generalized estimating equation models considered as potential moderators perceived ease of obtaining marijuana and being with friends. RESULTS Positive affect did not differ in the 24 hours before marijuana use compared with times further before use. Negative affect was significantly higher before marijuana use compared with other times. Being with friends and perceived easy marijuana availability did not moderate the associations. The association between negative affect and subsequent marijuana use was attenuated when negative affect was examined only for the moment just before use, suggesting that use may follow a period of increased negative affect. CONCLUSIONS The findings support an affect regulation model for marijuana use among frequently using youth. Specifically, these youth may use marijuana to manage increased negative affect.
An Integrative Model of the Role of Trust in Transactive Memory Development

This article extends transactive memory (TM) theory as it is currently conceptualized. We propose a new integrative model of the relationship between transactive memory system (TMS) development and trust. By using the TM encoding cycle, the model proposes that trust acts as an antecedent of TMSs and that wider perceptions of team members’ trustworthiness (benevolence and integrity) also affect the development and maintenance of effective TMSs in teams. Our conceptualization considers the effect of trust on both the knowledge structure and the transactive processes involved in TMSs. From our analysis, we provide a number of propositions and hypotheses relating to different stages of TMS development to be pursued by future research. Finally, we consider the managerial implications of our model.
SEL 1 L Expression Decreases Breast Tumor Cell Aggressiveness in Vivo and in Vitro 1

SEL1L, the human orthologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans sel-1 gene, is differentially expressed in breast primary tumors and in normal breast tissues. Analysis of a series of human primary breast carcinomas, using a monoclonal antibody raised against a SEL1L recombinant protein, revealed down-modulation or absence of SEL1L expression in about twothirds of the tumors as compared with normal breast epithelial cells. Overall survival analysis of breast carcinoma patients indicated a statistically significant correlation between SEL1L down-modulation and poor prognosis. MCF-7, human breast carcinoma cells, were transfected with a construct containing the entire SEL1L cDNA driven by an inducible promoter and showed a dramatic reduction in anchorage-dependent growth and colony formation in soft agar. Growth of the transfected cells in Matrigel, an extracellular matrix rich with laminin, restored colonyformation ability. These results point to the role for SEL1L in breast tumor growth and aggressiveness, possibly involving cell-matrix interactions.