Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise as an Intervention to Reduce Study-Related Fatigue among University Students: A Two-Arm Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial

Background Many university students experience high levels of study-related fatigue. This high prevalence, and the negative impact of fatigue on health and academic performance, call for prevention and reduction of these symptoms. The primary aim of the current study was to investigate to what extent an exercise intervention is effective in reducing three indicators of study-related fatigue (emotional exhaustion, overall fatigue, and need for recovery). Effects of exercise on secondary outcomes (sleep quality, self-efficacy, physical fitness, and cognitive functioning) were also investigated. Methods Participants were students with high levels of study-related fatigue, currently not exercising or receiving other psychological or pharmacological treatments, and with no medical cause of fatigue. They were randomly assigned to either a six-week exercise intervention (low-intensity running three times a week, n = 49) or wait list (no intervention, n = 48). All participants were measured before the intervention (T0), and immediately after the intervention (T1). Exercisers were also investigated 4 weeks (T2) and 12 weeks (T3) after the intervention. Results Participants in the exercise condition showed a larger decrease in two of the three indicators of study-related fatigue (i.e., overall fatigue and need for recovery) as compared to controls. Additionally, sleep quality and some indicators of cognitive functioning improved more among exercisers than among controls. No effects were found for self-efficacy, and physical fitness. The initial effects of the exercise intervention lasted at follow-up (T2 and T3). At 12-week follow up (T3), 80% of participants in the exercise condition still engaged in regular exercise, and further enhancements were seen for emotional exhaustion, overall fatigue, and sleep quality. Conclusions These results underline the value of low-intensity exercise for university students with high levels of study-related fatigue. The follow-up effects that were found in this study imply that the intervention has the potential to promote regular exercise and accompanying beneficial effects in the longer run. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NTR4412
Wear Resistance Mechanism of ZTAP/HCCI Composites with a Honeycomb Structure

The abrasive wear resistance of zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic particle reinforced high chromium cast iron (HCCI) composites has been systematically investigated using a moving wedge type of apparatus. The results of three-body abrasive wear show that the wear resistance of the composites with honeycomb is three times higher than that of the high chromium cast iron. The wear resistance of the composites with a honeycomb structure is close to that of the layer structure and is higher than that of the HCCI because the honeycomb wall in the cell honeycomb structure is prominent and because the honeycomb core is depressed. The wear mechanisms of the composites are mainly microcutting and fatigue fractures. The honeycomb structure forms a “macrocosmic shadow protection effect” and a “microcosmic shadow protection effect” to protect each composite and to improve the wear resistance of the composites.
Using Network Methodology to Infer Population Substructure

One of the main caveats of association studies is the possible affection by bias due to population stratification. Existing methods rely on model-based approaches like structure and ADMIXTURE or on principal component analysis like EIGENSTRAT. Here we provide a novel visualization technique and describe the problem of population substructure from a graph-theoretical point of view. We group the sequenced individuals into triads, which depict the relational structure, on the basis of a predefined pairwise similarity measure. We then merge the triads into a network and apply community detection algorithms in order to identify homogeneous subgroups or communities, which can further be incorporated as covariates into logistic regression. We apply our method to populations from different continents in the 1000 Genomes Project and evaluate the type 1 error based on the empirical p-values. The application to 1000 Genomes data suggests that the network approach provides a very fine resolution of the underlying ancestral population structure. Besides we show in simulations, that in the presence of discrete population structures, our developed approach maintains the type 1 error more precisely than existing approaches.
Robust delay-fault test generation and synthesis for testability under a standard scan design methodology

of the principal reasons that robust delay-fault testing has not been used extensively in industry is that the application of a robust test vector pair to the combinational logic portion of a VLSI sequential circuit requires that the memory elements in the circuit be enhanced scan flipflops, i.e. flipflops that can store, not just one, but two bits of state. This is because an arbitrary vector pair may not be able to be robustly applied to a sequential circuit under a standard scan design methodology. In this paper, we address the problem of test generation for, and the synthesis of, VLSI sequential circuits that are robustly delay-fault testable under a standard scan design methodology. We present synthesis and test results on several real designs. While a high degree of robust delay-fault coverage is desirable, a number of problems are associated with testing robustly in delay fault models. The first problem is creating logic that is highly testable for delay faults. Synthesis for delay-fault test+ bility of Combinational circuits has recently been the subject of extensive investigation (e.g. (15, 9, 161). Practical integrated circuit designs that are completely hazard-free robustly path- delay-fault testable were automatically synthesized using the techniques presented in (5, 31. The work in (5, 31 assumes an enhanced-scan design methodology for the robust application of test vector pairs. Another obstacle to delay-fault testing is the large vector sets required to test each path in a (hazard-free) robust manner (17) (4). This problem is addressed in (15) where a general robust path-delay-fault model is proposed which can potentially significantly reduce the test vector sets. Another alternative is to use delay fault models with a fewer number of faults such as the gate delay fault model. Results presented in (3) show that by using a gate-delay-fault model rather than a path-delay- fault model can reduce the required number of test vectors to a manageable number. A remaining important barrier in the practical use of robust delay-fault testing is that the application of a robust test vector pair to the combinational logic portion of a VLSI sequential circuit may require that the memory elements in the circuit be enhanced scan flipflops, i.e. flip-flops that can store, not just one, but two bits of state. This is because an arbitrary vector pair may not be able to be robustly applied to a sequential circuit under a non-scan or a standard scan design methodology. The use of an enhanced scan latch imposes a costly area penalty that is prohibitively expensive for many circuit designs. In this paper, we address the problem of test generation for, and the synthesis of, VLSI sequential circuits that are robustly delay-
Deep Sequencing of a Genetically Heterogeneous Sample: Local Haplotype Reconstruction and Read Error Correction

We present a computational method for analyzing deep sequencing data obtained from a genetically diverse sample. The set of reads obtained from a deep sequencing experiment represents a statistical sample of the underlying population. We develop a generative probabilistic model for assigning observed reads to unobserved haplotypes in the presence of sequencing errors. This clustering problem is solved in a Bayesian fashion using the Dirichlet process mixture to define a prior distribution on the unknown number of haplotypes in the mixture. We devise a Gibbs sampler for sampling from the joint posterior distribution of haplotype sequences, assignment of reads to haplotypes, and error rate of the sequencing process, to obtain estimates of the local haplotype structure of the population. The method is evaluated on simulated data and on experimental deep sequencing data obtained from HIV samples.
Romance and sex before marriage among young women and men in India

The survey was conducted in a phased manner in the six states, between January 2006 and April 2008. A total of 50,848 married and unmarried young men and women were interviewed in the survey. These included 8,052 married young men, 11,522 unmarried young men, 13,912 married young women and 17,362 unmarried young women. This brief is based on data obtained from 14,281 young men and 31,274 young women aged 15–24.
Tunable analog loudspeaker crossover network

This paper proposes a new implementation of tunable analog loudspeaker crossover networks suitable to monolithic integrated circuit (IC) realizations. The crossover frequency is linearly set by tuning voltages to adequate the audio reproduction to different environments and loudspeaker characteristics over the entire audio spectrum. Based on structurally allpass networks, the proposed approach presents very low sensitivity to IC device mismatching. This is verified by simulation and comparison with an alternative design. Details of the tuning procedure are provided. Experimental verification of the structure low sensitivity and tuning capabilities is also shown.
Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis does not determine the worst outcome in childhood-onset lupus nephritis: a 23-year experience in a single centre.

INTRODUCTION Lupus nephritis (LN) is the major indicator of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many studies have found a significantly worse patient survival rate in patients with LN class IV than patients with other LN classes. OBJECTIVE The aim was to describe the severity and outcomes of LN in a group of Thai children. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the patient files of children diagnosed with SLE aged < or =18 years in Songklanagarind Hospital, Southern Thailand, from 1985 to 2007. RESULTS Of 216 SLE patients, 180 had renal biopsy results, and the others were excluded from analysis. There were 33 males and 147 females, average age 11.8 +/- 2.6 years (range 3.6-18.0), with a median follow-up period of 3.9 years (range 9 days to 19.4 years). Using the WHO LN classification, there were 9, 55, 5, 94 and 14 patients of classes I-V, respectively, as well as 2 with end-stage renal disease and 1 with IgM nephropathy. The mortality rate was 23% (42/180). Patients with LN class II had a similar renal and patient survival compared to patients with LN class IV (P = 0.3 and 0.2, respectively). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis in 177 patients (3 patients who had a renal biopsy result outside the WHO classification were omitted) showed that gender was an independent risk factor for survival. Males had 2.6 times the hazard rate compared to females (95% CI 1.2-5.7, P = 0.03), but LN classification, age and timing of the renal biopsy were not significant. CONCLUSION Renal and patient survival in LN classes II and IV were similar. Gender was the only independent risk factor of mortality, with males at greater risk than females.
Cavitating Flows of Varying Temperature Liquid Nitrogen in Converging-diverging Nozzle

The objective of this paper is to investigate the unsteady cavitating flows of varying temperature liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen cavitating flows in a converging-diverging (C-D) nozzle are carried out with the temperature range from 68 K to 86 K, the pressure in the tanks is within the range of 0.03 MPa~0.30 MPa. The experimental results show that there are two typical cavitation dynamics in varying temperature liquid nitrogen, namely classical mode and thermo-sensitive mode. As the free-stream temperature increases, the cavity area increases to its maximum around the transition temperature and then significantly decreases. Further analysis indicates that the liquid/vapor density ratio D dominates the change of the cavitation dynamics when the temperature is below the transition temperature. The cavity tends to be mushier (smaller bubbles) and longer with the increasing temperature. However, the thermodynamic effects on cavitation, which could suppress the development of the cavitating flow, dominate the change of the cavitation dynamics when the temperature is above the transition temperature. The transition temperature of cavitating flows in liquid nitrogen is between 76 K~78 K, and the transition temperature slightly increases with the increasing cavitation number.
An LBP-Based Active Contour Algorithm for Unsupervised Texture Segmentation

This paper presents a novel algorithm for unsupervised texture segmentation. The proposed algorithm incorporates the local binary pattern operator under a segmentation framework based on the active contour without edges model. The experiments performed, show that it can be used for fast segmentation of two-textured images, outperforming recent texture segmentation algorithms, with a segmentation quality that reaches 99% on average
Synchronous Set Agreement: a Concise Guided Tour (with open problems)

The $k$-set agreement problem is a paradigm of coordination problems encountered in distributed computing. The parameter $k$ defines the coordination degree we are interested in. The case $k=1$ corresponds to the well-known uniform consensus problem. More precisely, the $k$-set agreement problem considers a system made up of $n$ processes where each process proposes a value. It requires that each non-faulty process decides a value such that a decided value is a proposed value, and no more than $k$ different values are decided. This paper visits the $k$-set agreement problem in synchronous systems where up to $t$ processes can experience failures. Three failure models are explored: the crash failure model, the send omission failure model, and the general omission failure model. Lower bounds and protocols are presented for each model. Open problems for the general omission failure model are stated. This paper can be seen as a short tutorial whose aim is to make the reader familiar with the $k$-set agreement problem in synchrony models with increasing fault severity. An important concern of the paper is simplicity. In addition to its survey flavor, several results and protocols that are presented are new. \\ Ce rapport constitue une visite guide de l'accord ensembliste synchrone en presence de crashs, de fautes d'omission en emission, et de fautes d'omission en emission et reception.
Green algae as a structural element of phytoperiphyton communities in streams of NW Russia

Observations were made on the development and distribution of phytoperiphyton communities in 66 lake-river systems in NW Russia from Lake Ladoga to the Barents Sea. In total, 130 genera and 648 species were identified from different substrates, belonging to Cyanophyta (19.1%), Bacillariophyta (59.6%), Chlorophyta (18.7%), and algae from other orders (2.6%). In all streams diatoms dominated by species richness, but they were surpassed by green algae in terms of biomass. The green algae ranged from small planktonic forms to large filamentous species and produced easily visible algal communities. Among the planktonic forms the desmids were the most diverse group. They occurred in attached communities of all rivers and, while never abundant, were widespread. The attached community’s biomass was dominated by green algae. Among these, the filamentous algae Mougeotia sp. , Oedogonium sp. , Zygnema sp. , Spirogyra sp. and Ulothrix zonata exhibited mass development in streams. Their distribution was patchy in the basin, with a total cover varying from less than 1% to 90% of the stream bottom. In some river stretches the diversity and predominance of green algae could be due, in part, to poorly developed riparian canopies.
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Zeolite Molecular Sieve Composite for Ammonia and Nitrate Removal

A new zeolite molecular sieve modified with chitosan was prepared and employed for the adsorption of ammonia and nitrate from underground water. Batch of experiments were performed to investigate the effects of various conditions on chitosan/ zeolite molecular sieve(CTS-Z) preparation, including the concentration of acetic acid, the concentration of chitosan, the stirring time and the stirring temperature. Characteristic of CTS-Z adsorption particles were analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Specific surface area (BET), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Experimental results showed that the optimum preparation processes for the chitosan / zeolite molecular sieve were as follows: the concentration of acetic acid was 4%, the concentration of chitosan was 7g / L, the stirring time was 10h and the stirring temperature was 30°C. And adsorption capacity of adsorption particles for ammonia and nitrate were 0.636 mg/g and 1.952 mg/g, and the removal rates were 81.60 % and 40.28 % respectively. The surface morphology of the particles showed more protrusions and micropores, the specific surface area of the particle was 391.516 m2/g. FTIR analysis showed that CH3- and NH2- have been loaded into the basic framework of zeolite molecular sieve and XPS analysis showed that the element O 1s played an important role in the attachment of chitosan to zeolite molecular sieves. Therefore, the results of the research can provide a theoretical basis for the upgrading of the water purification plants in the cold region of northern China.
Does Grammatical Aspect Affect Motion Event Cognition? A Cross-Linguistic Comparison of English and Swedish Speakers

In this article, we explore whether cross-linguistic differences in grammatical aspect encoding may give rise to differences in memory and cognition. We compared native speakers of two languages that encode aspect differently (English and Swedish) in four tasks that examined verbal descriptions of stimuli, online triads matching, and memory-based triads matching with and without verbal interference. Results showed between-group differences in verbal descriptions and in memory-based triads matching. However, no differences were found in online triads matching and in memory-based triads matching with verbal interference. These findings need to be interpreted in the context of the overall pattern of performance, which indicated that both groups based their similarity judgments on common perceptual characteristics of motion events. These results show for the first time a cross-linguistic difference in memory as a function of differences in grammatical aspect encoding, but they also contribute to the emerging view that language fine tunes rather than shapes perceptual processes that are likely to be universal and unchanging.
A CRM1-dependent Nuclear Export Pathway Is Involved in the Regulation of IRF-5 Subcellular Localization*

Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are involved in gene regulation in many biological processes including the antiviral, growth regulatory, and immune modulatory functions of the interferon system. Several studies have demonstrated that IRF-3, IRF-5, and IRF-7 specifically contribute to the innate antiviral response to virus infection. It has been reported that virus-specific phosphorylation leads to IRF-5 nuclear localization and up-regulation of interferon, cytokine, and chemokine gene expression. Two nuclear localization signals have been identified in IRF-5, both of which are sufficient for nuclear translocation and retention in virus-infected cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that a CRM1-dependent nuclear export pathway is involved in the regulation of IRF-5 subcellular localization. IRF-5 possesses a functional nuclear export signal (NES) that controls dynamic shuttling between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. The NES element is dominant in unstimulated cells and results in the predominant cytoplasmic localization of IRF-5. Mutation of two leucine residues in the NES motif to alanine, or three adjacent Ser/Thr residues to the phosphomimetic Asp, results in constitutively nuclear IRF-5 and suggests that phosphorylation of adjacent Ser/Thr residues may contribute to IRF-5 nuclear accumulation in virus-induced cells. IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKKϵ have been shown to phosphorylate and activate IRF-3 and IRF-7, leading to the production of type 1 interferons and the development of a cellular antiviral state. We examined the phosphorylation and activation of IRF-5 by TBK1 and IKKϵ kinases. Although IRF-5 is phosphorylated by IKKϵ and TBK1 in co-transfected cells, the phosphorylation of IRF-5 did not lead to IRF-5 nuclear localization or activation.
Please Scroll down for Article International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems Performance Tradeoffs among Percolation-based Broadcast Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks Performance Tradeoffs among Percolation-based Broadcast Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Broadcast of information in wireless sensor networks is an important operation, for example, for code updates, queries and membership information. In this paper, we analyse and experimentally compare the performance of vanilla versions of several well-known broadcast mechanisms: flooding, site percolation, bond percolation and modified bond percolation. While flooding and some percolation-based approaches have been compared in the literature, there is no all-to-all comparison among all schemes. We carry out our comparison for several network topologies defined by node locations: random, grid and clustered. Our analysis is performed at the link layer level, where we use a propagation model based on real experiments from the literature. The link model used is independent of the medium access control (MAC) layer and, therefore, helps us in arriving at the best possible values for the metrics that we compare in our analysis. Our main metrics are bandwidth, energy usage and broadcast latency. Our analytical and experimental results show that, given a desired high reliability for all topologies, flooding has the lowest latency but consumes the most energy per broadcast. For dense networks, site percolation achieves comparable latency and reliability to flooding, while lowering energy consumption. Modified bond percolation further lowers energy consumption compared to site percolation, while basic bond percolation leads to a latency increase. For sparse networks, results are similar to a dense network except that site percolation consumes lower energy than modified bond percolation. We briefly discuss implications for different broadcast applications. 1. Introduction In wireless sensor networks, operations such as code updates, queries, membership management and routing updates all rely on broadcast. Several mechanisms have been designed in the literature to address the broadcast problem [9,10,13,17]. In this paper, we abstract out the basic broadcast …