Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of a combination of oral midazolam and low-dose ketamine on anxiety, pain, swelling, and comfort during and after surgical extractions of mandibular third molars.

PURPOSE To assess the clinical efficacy of a combination of oral midazolam plus low-dose ketamine for reducing anxiety during surgery and in preventing postoperative pain and swelling after the surgical extraction of third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty patients requiring bilateral surgical extraction of mandibular third molars were included in this study. Prior to extraction of the tooth on the right side, a combination of oral midazolam and low-dose ketamine was given to the patient, while this protocol was not followed for extraction of the tooth on the left side. Anxiety levels were checked before surgery. The postoperative pain and swelling and patient's comfort with and without the premedication were compared. RESULTS Facial swelling on the postoperative days was lower on the right side than on the left. Pain scores at 30 minutes and 24 hours after surgery were significantly higher on the left side. Also, anxiety during the surgery was less and comfort levels were higher postoperatively when the combination of oral midazolam plus low-dose ketamine was used. CONCLUSIONS Premedication with midazolam plus low-dose ketamine prior to surgical extraction of third molars can provide the patient with a comfortable procedure and good postoperative analgesia, with less swelling and significantly less pain.
Practices and attitudes of Indian catch-and-release anglers: identifying opportunities for advancing the management of recreational fisheries

Recreational fishing, a popular leisure activity, can potentially support conservation of species and provide socio-economic benefits to local economies. Nonetheless, there are ecological concerns regarding this pastime, especially in developing economies such as India where little information is available concerning impacts on fish populations. An online survey targeting recreational anglers practicing catch-and-release (C&R) in India (n=200) revealed 25 states/union territories as prime angling locations, with Mahseer ( Tor spp.) constituting the main target species group (53%). Angling season (28%) and pristine river surroundings (14%) were stated as major factors important for angling, while overfishing (31%) and the use of illegal fishing techniques were highlighted as chief threats to fish species. Respondents were in favour of strictly adhering to C&R guidelines (23%), controlling illegal fishing techniques and pollution (18%) and spreading awareness and education among local stakeholders (18%) to protect fish. Over 75% of respondents were also willing to contribute both their time and money to conservation initiatives focusing on key sport fish. With anglers targeting multiple fishing locations throughout India, there is a need for consistent governance structures and policy instruments to support the development of sustainable recreational fisheries while minimising conflict with other stakeholder groups. The impacts of C&R fisheries interactions on individuals and populations (especially for threatened species) need to be studied in the Indian context. Direct participation by recreational anglers in C&R research could strengthen broader conservation and management initiatives throughout the country by increasing stewardship.
Technology Exploitation Paths: Combining Technological and Complementary Resources in New Product Development and Licensing†

Technological resources in the form of patents, trade secrets, and know-how have become key assets for modern enterprises. This paper addresses a critical issue in technology and innovation management, namely, the commercial exploitation of technological resources resulting from research and development (R&D) investments. Extracting economic value from these resources by maximizing the benefits for shareholders is an extremely challenging task because technological resources are intangible, idiosyncratic, uncertain, predominantly tacit, and with poorly defined property rights. In their attempt to extract the maximum value from their technological resources, firms increasingly combine their internal exploitation through new product development (NPD) with external exploitation through licensing. However, most existing studies on NPD and technology licensing have treated the two exploitation paths independently and in isolation, which has resulted in two separate research streams using different theories and addressing different managerial challenges. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to filling this gap by developing and testing a comprehensive conceptual framework that simultaneously considers the antecedents affecting the successful implementation of NPD and licensing strategies as well as their consequences on firm profitability. The paper in particular investigates the effects of the interplay between technological resources and three types of complementary resources, marketing, manufacturing, and relational. We test the model using structural equation modeling on a sample of 733 Spanish manufacturing firms observed from 2003 to 2007. The data provide support for the existence of different paths to market firm technologies: an internal path, whereby the ownership of technological resources fully explains NPD performance, and an external path, whereby high intensity of marketing and relational resources reinforces the positive effect of technological resources on licensing performance. This sustains the relevance of the resource-based value-enhancing effects of complementary resources in licensing, as opposed to the motivation-reducing effects advanced by transaction cost-based literature. Moreover, the empirical analysis shows a substitution effect between NPD and licensing, whereby their simultaneous pursuit at intense levels is associated with lower profit margins. This provides evidence of the much theorized, but seldom tested, rent dissipation effect. These findings offer several contributions to research on licensing, NPD, open innovation, and the resource-based view of the firm. On a managerial level, they suggest that achieving maximum value from proprietary technologies may not entail exploiting them both through external and internal paths. Managers are also informed that the resource combinations that enhance licensing performance include marketing and relational resources
Disengaged Farmers: The Land Grant System's Overlooked Clientele

The land–grant university was founded to promote equality in American society by educating the common man, developing knowledge to solve problems, and by disseminating that knowledge to all who need it. The Cooperative Extension Service (CES) offers research based information and non-formal education to the public, and serves as a link between the universities’ researchers and the citizen: However, some in the population are not benefiting from the land-grant system. The focus of this study was to describe the differences between Oklahoma wheat producers who knew about extension programs and those who did not know about extension programs. The theoretical framework for the study was Rogers' model for the diffusion of innovation. The hypothesis was that those who did not know about extension programs would fit the profile of laggards/late adopters described in the literature. The findings of the study strongly supported the hypothesis and implied that the university must become more proactive in reaching this group. The findings also illustrate a need for more research in this area to better understand and serve all of the land-grant university's stakeholders.
UV‐induced apoptosis in SH‐SY5Y cells: Contribution to apoptosis by JNK signaling and cytochrome c

Activation of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is suggested to be required for neuronal apoptosis. We investigated the role of JNK on phosphorylation of c‐Jun, Bcl‐2, and apoptotic translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) in UV‐induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells. We confirm that UV irradiation induces both apoptosis and necrosis in SH‐SY5Y cells and that phosphorylation of JNK at Thr183/Tyr185 in SH‐SY5Y cells treated with UV is an early event preceding apoptosis. We also demonstrate that phosphorylation of c‐Jun at Ser63 is an early event coinciding with JNK activation, and that the phosphorylation of c‐Jun is partially prevented by the JNK inhibitor SP600125. Despite the use of SP600125, the amount of cyt c released into the cytoplasm is not diminished and SP600125 is also unable to decrease the extent of UV‐induced apoptosis. These data support the hypothesis that in this system, UV‐induced apoptosis is not dependent exclusively on JNK activation. Possible involvement of cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs) in c‐Jun phosphorylation at Ser63 was excluded by pretreating UV‐irradiated SH‐SY5Y cells with the CDK1/2/5 inhibitor roscovitine. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Relationship between Product Market Power and Earnings Management in Tehran Stock Exchange

Background/Objectives: Product market power is as a natural safety margin that certain companies use for smoothing fluctuations of companies. Financial analysts considered product market power as a crucial factor in assessing prospects of company. There is also empirical evidence that financial analysts' earnings forecasts are correct for companies that have a higher product market power. Increased competition increases risk of bankruptcy, thus creating powerful incentives for managers in order to keep their jobs more strict. As a result, competition can be compressed so that managers manipulate earnings more to overcome threat of bankruptcy. In contrast, companies with greater financial flexibility have stronger position in the product market, indicates that the pressure on managers about earnings manage, will be less applied. The main objective of this study was to test the relationship between product market powers with earning management. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The sample used in this study consisted of 111 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1383 to 1392 and to test hypothesis, random effects models and generalized least squares estimation method is used. Results: Separate evaluation and analysis impact of product market pricing power on earnings management indicate that showed that although the market price of the product, can affect earnings management, but competition in industry, has good explanatory power. Conclusion/Application: The results indicate negative and significant relationship between research variables.
Real Time Business Conditions Index: A Statistically Optimal Framework for India*

The measurement of business conditions on real time basis is a challenging task as the state of real economy is constantly evolving. In this context, in order to achieve an accurate and timely estimate of the state of real activity in a systematic, replicable and statistically optimal manner, this paper proposes a framework to construct a real-time business conditions index for India. The study is primarily motivated by the seminal work of Aruoba, Diebold and Scotti (2009), which proposed a high frequency business conditions assessment for the US economy. Based on various economic indicators measured at different frequencies, this paper develops a real-time business conditions index for India following a dynamic factor model framework for extracting signals from continuously evolving states. A Kalman fi lter routine is used for signal extraction from state-space representation as well as evaluation of likelihood function. Empirical results show that this coincident indicator tracks the overall economic activity reasonably well.
Do Loan-to-Value and Debt-to-Income Limits Work? Evidence from Korea

With another real estate boom-bust bringing woes to the world economy, a quest for a better policy toolkit to deal with these boom-busts has begun. Macroprudential measures could be in such a toolkit. Yet, we know very little about their impact. This paper takes a step to fill this gap by analyzing the Korean experience with these measures. We find that loan-to-value and debt-to-income limits are associated with a decline in house price appreciation and transaction activity. Furthermore, the limits alter expectations, which play a key role in bubble dynamics.
6'-derivatised alpha-GalCer analogues capable of inducing strong CD1d-mediated Th1-biased NKT cell responses in mice.

α-Galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer, also known as KRN 7000) is known as the prototypical antigen for invariant natural killer T (NKT) cells. Stimulation of NKT cells by CD1d-mediated α-GalCer presentation leads to rapid release of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Since Th1 and Th2 cytokines antagonize each other’s effects, α-GalCer analogues that induce a biased Th1/Th2 response are highly awaited. With the exception of a C-glycoside (α-C-GalCer), most of the known α-GalCer analogues able to induce polarized cytokine responses are characterized by modifications of the phytosphingosine or fatty acyl chains, expected to alter the affinity for CD1d. Herein we describe the synthesis of 6′-modified α-GalCer analogues with an intact phytoceramide moiety that are capable to skew the cytokine release profile to Th1, while maintaining strong antigenic activity. These analogues are characterized by the presence of an aromatic moiety that is connected via an amide or an urea linkage to C′-6 of the galactopyranose ring.
A Trade Union's View of the Building Process

The Danish Building and Construction Workers Unions primary concern is to improve the overall working conditions for the construction workers. We are also determined to increase the quality, productivity and efficiency in the construction industry. We consider the theory of Lean Construction as a viable means to achieve these goals. Lean Construction puts the construction worker into focus, as he is the only participant in the building process directly generating value to the customer. Since the building process is a co-operation vertically and horizontally between many different participants it can best be understood as a form of teamwork. The teamwork inherent in this building process requires every participant to be dependent on each other. The process must be based on mutual respect and recognition of all the participants’ competencies. If the trade unions are to achieve our goals this recognition is an absolute prerequisite. The unions view Lean Construction as a means to increase the construction workers’ responsibility and influence by recognizing their qualifications regarding planning, coordination, cooperation and decision-making. The International Federation of Building and Woodworkers, IFBWW supports these views, although pointing out that the concept of Lean Construction is mostly applicable to the construction sectors of industrial rather than developing countries. This paper reviews research in cooperation, teamwork and life-long learning, and reports interviews with 28 construction workers who have participated in Lean Construction or Lean Construction related projects.
An Introduction to Team Risk Management

(Version 1.0) Team Risk Management defines the organizational structure and operational activities for managing risks throughout all phases of the life-cycle of a software-dependent development program such that all individuals within the organizations, groups, departments, and agencies directly involved in the program are participating team members. Through the adoption of team risk management, the government and contractor are provided with processes, methods, and tools that enable both organizations, individually and jointly, to be increasingly anticipatory in decision-making processes. This report introduces the team risk management approach for managing risks within a software-dependent development program.
Two Messages out of One 2D Matrix Bar Code

With the proposed principle of two-dimensional matrix bar code design based on masks, the whole surface of a 2D bar code is used for creating graphic patterns. Masks are a method of overlaying certain information with complete preservation of encoded information. In order to ensure suitable mask performance, it is essential to create a set of masks (mask folder) which are similar to each other. This ultimately allows additional error correction on the whole code level which is proven mathematically through an academic example of a QR code with a matrix of size 9 × 9. In order to create a mask folder, this article will investigate parameters based on Weber’s law. With the parameters founded in the research, this principle shows how QR codes, or any other 2D bar code, can be designed to display two different messages. This ultimately enables a better description of a 2D bar code, which will improve users’ visual recognition of 2D bar code purpose, and therefore users’ greater enjoyment and involvement.
Protection of femoral neck taper in revision of acetabular component.

In hip revision restricted to the acetabular component, the taper of a modular stem is in constant danger of scratching. We used a plastic syringe to protect the taper of the femoral component. A plastic syringe of appropriate size remains well in place and offers a novel and inexpensive protective device for the taper of the femoral component available in every operation room.
A microsystem for magnetic immunoassay towards protein toxins detection

This work focuses on the circuit and system implementation of a magnetic immunoassay based microsystem platform to be used as sensor terminal for detecting protein toxins in environment. Three main challenges facing this work-the design of a high performance sensor, the packaging technique and the design of integrated circuit are introduced. Planar microcoil array fabricated both on silicon substrate and polymer substrate are exploited as sensor of magnetic particles, whereas microchannel and ultra thin bottom microplate for traditional ELISA was used for reagents, correspondingly. Simulation results of two detection circuits prove that our system is able to detect magnetic particles in different volumes, thus the proposed microsystem has potential for medical diagnostics, food pathogen detection or water analysis.
Decreasing Inappropriate Behaviors for Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders Using Modified Social Stories

A multiple baseline design study was implemented to assess the effects of a modified social story intervention on inappropriate social behaviors of three adolescents with moderate autism. Baseline data were collected on inappropriate behaviors that included refusal to stand, use of a high-pitched voice, and placing hands/objects in mouth. Individualized social stories, ranging from five to seven pages and containing text, color photographs, and callouts, were created for each student. Results suggest that social stories immediately improved behavior for two of the participants and these improvements were maintained. Information is also provided regarding teacher opinion on the use of social stories. Implications for training and future research are discussed. During the past 20 years, there has been a substantial increase in research related to au- tism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including lit- erature that pertains to effective interven- tions. Because of the complexity of the disorder, these interventions have addressed the communicative, behavioral, and social needs of children with autism (Odom et al., 2003). In the area of social skills, although a number of programs have been developed for children, few address the needs of adoles-
Waterfront Development in Malaysia: Do We Have Sustainable Governance?

Abstract The waterfront is recognised as the zone of interaction between a city and a river. In Malaysia, waterfront developments were established when the country was first settled, mainly as a transport route and for trading. Waterfronts became more urbanised and commercialised from the early 1990’s onwards. However, due to constraints such as ineffective governance as well as inadequate federal, state and municipal planning guidelines, the waterfronts have problems such as environmental degradation, crime and flooding. Although some waterfront development projects continue to remain profitable, with good public access, many do not. This paper examines the effectiveness of governance for waterfront developments in Malaysia. The data presented in this paper was obtained from in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in waterfront development projects in Malaysia; in particular, from three selected case study areas: Kuching Riverfront, Malacca Waterfront and Glenmarie Cove Riverfront. The interview results show that Malaysia does not have effective governance for waterfront developments for several reasons. A low level of cooperation between stakeholders involved in waterfront development projects was identified as a main contributor to the governance problems. These results will be used to provide information for developing guidelines for best practice for waterfront developments in Malaysia.
A Survey paper on personalized shopping with customer opinion mining and secure payment techniques

- Reputation-based trust models are important for the success of e-commerce systems. Reputation reporting systems have been implemented in e-commerce systems such as eBay and Amazon (for third-party sellers), where overall reputation scores for sellers are computed by aggregating feedback ratings. Feedback ratings are gathered together for computing sellers’ reputation trust scores. A CommTrust system is proposed where the observation made by buyers are mostly used to express opinions about the product in free text feedback review. This paper provides personalized shopping app which suggest customer best seller companies with the help of opinion mining and user preferences and develop a secure transaction system with security techniques (cryptography and steganography)
Fund Structure, Investor Protection, and the Long-Run Performance of Activism

Using a parsimonious measure of investor protection constructed from fund organizational characteristics, this paper documents that companies targeted by activists with better investor protection structures outperform those targeted by those with poor investor protection structures by roughly 10% per year. The outperformance is observed only for active targets for which Schedule 13Ds are filed, not for passive Schedule 13G investments, indicating that the effect is not explained by a superior target-selection ability. The evidence suggests that funds with better investor protection achieve increased profitability and valuation ratio of their targets by reducing agency costs, improving corporate governance, and collaborating with other large institutional investors.
Estimating Fluctuations in Oil and Gas Investment

Governments in extraction countries are anxious to estimate expected investment in development projects, since they represent an essential element of the macro economy. The overall level of activity is also crucial to oil companies, since the macro picture affects cost levels, the supplies market and recruitment opportunities. The paper outlines factors that explain fluctuations in investment in petroleum projects on the Norwegian continental shelf.