Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shared meals among young adults are associated with better diet quality and predicted by family meal patterns during adolescence

Abstract Objective To describe shared meal patterns and examine associations with dietary intake among young adults. Design Population-based, longitudinal cohort study (Project EAT: Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults). Setting Participants completed surveys and FFQ in high-school classrooms in Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN, USA in 1998–1999 (mean age = 15·0 years, ‘adolescence’) and follow-up measures online or by mail in 2008–2009 (mean age = 25·3 years, ‘young adulthood’). Subjects There were 2052 participants who responded to the 10-year follow-up survey and reported on frequency of having shared meals. Results Among young adults, the frequency of shared meals during the past week was as follows: never (9·9 %), one or two times (24·7 %), three to six times (39·1 %) and seven or more times (26·3 %). Having more frequent family meals during adolescence predicted a higher frequency of shared meals in young adulthood above and beyond other relevant sociodemographic factors such as household composition and parental status. Compared with young adults who never had family meals during adolescence, those young adults who reported seven or more family meals per week during adolescence had an average of one additional shared meal per week. Having more frequent shared meals in young adulthood was associated with greater intake of fruit among males and females, and with higher intakes of vegetables, milk products and some key nutrients among females. Conclusions Nutrition professionals should encourage families of adolescents to share meals often and establish the tradition of eating together, and work with young adults to ensure that healthy food and beverage choices are offered at mealtimes.
Reproducibility of Heart Rate Variability Indices in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Fundamental to the potential utilisation of heart rate variability (HRV) indices as a prognostic tool is the reproducibility of these measures. The purpose of the present study was therefore to investigate the reproducibility of 24-hour derived HRV indices in a clinical paediatric population. Eighteen children (10 boys; 12.4 ± 2.8 years) with mild to moderate Cystic Fibrosis (CF; FVC: 83 ± 12% predicted; FEV1: 80 ± 9% predicted) and eighteen age- and sex-matched controls (10 boys; 12.5 ± 2.7 years) wore a combined ECG and accelerometer for two consecutive days. Standard time and frequency domain indices of HRV were subsequently derived. Reproducibility was assessed by Bland-Altman plots, 95% limits of agreement and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). In both groups, there was no systematic difference between days, with the variables demonstrating a symmetrical, homoscedastic distribution around the zero line. The time domain parameters demonstrated a good to excellent reproducibility irrespective of the population considered (ICC: 0.56 to 0.86). In contrast, whilst the frequency domain parameters similarly showed excellent reproducibility in the healthy children (ICC: 0.70 to 0.96), the majority of the frequency domain parameters illustrated a poor to moderate reproducibility in those with CF (ICC: 0.22 to 0.43). The exceptions to this trend were the normalised LF and HF components which were associated with a good to excellent reproducibility. These findings thereby support the utilisation of time and relative frequency domain HRV indices as a prognostic tool in children with CF. Furthermore, the present results highlight the excellent reproducibility of HRV in healthy children, indicating that this may be a useful tool to assess intervention effectiveness in this population.
Recursion relations for gauge theory amplitudes with massive vector bosons and fermions

We apply the on-shell tree-level recursion relations of Britto, Cachazo, Feng and Witten to a variety of processes involving internal and external massive particles with spin. We show how to construct multi-vector boson currents where one or more off-shell vector bosons couples to a quark pair and number of gluons. We give compact results for single vector boson currents with up to six partons and double vector boson currents with up to four partons for all helicity combinations. We also provide expressions for single vector boson currents with a quark pair and an arbitrary number of gluons for some specific helicity configurations. Finally, we show how to generalise the recursion relations to handle massive particles with spin on internal lines using gg→t as an example.
Contributions of a Child’s Built, Natural, and Social Environments to Their General Cognitive Ability: A Systematic Scoping Review

The etiology of a child’s cognitive ability is complex, with research suggesting that it is not attributed to a single determinant or even a defined period of exposure. Rather, cognitive development is the product of cumulative interactions with the environment, both negative and positive, over the life course. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to collate evidence associated with children’s cognitive health, including inherent factors as well as chemical and non-chemical stressors from the built, natural, and social environments. Three databases were used to identify recent epidemiological studies (2003–2013) that examined exposure factors associated with general cognitive ability in children. Over 100 factors were evaluated from 258 eligible studies. We found that recent literature mainly assessed the hypothesized negative effects of either inherent factors or chemical exposures present in the physical environment. Prenatal growth, sleep health, lead and water pollutants showed consistent negative effects. Of the few studies that examined social stressors, results consistently showed cognitive development to be influenced by both positive and negative social interactions at home, in school or the community. Among behavioral factors related to diet and lifestyle choices of the mother, breastfeeding was the most studied, showing consistent positive associations with cognitive ability. There were mostly inconsistent results for both chemical and non-chemical stressors. The majority of studies utilized traditional exposure assessments, evaluating chemical and non-chemical stressors separately. Collective evidence from a limited number of studies revealed that cumulative exposure assessment that incorporates multiple chemical and non-chemical stressors over the life course may unravel the variability in effect on cognitive development and help explain the inconsistencies across studies. Future research examining the interactions of multiple stressors within a child’s total environment, depicting a more real-world exposure, will aid in understanding the cumulative effects associated with a child’s ability to learn.
The “Haptic Camera”: A Technique for Characterizing and Playing Back Haptic Properties of Real Environments

In some applications of simulated haptic feedback, it is necessary not only that the display feel stable and adequately realistic: it must resemble with high fidelity a particular real device, emulating the feedback supplied by a physical environment that does or will exist. An automated haptic characterization technique was developed in which the haptic display itself is used under tight position control to probe the real environment while measuring interaction forces. A model structure is assumed which may be nonlinear and globally discontinuous but piecewise continuous, and is refined for successively higher-order parameters by application of appropriately chosen position trajectories. A one degree-of-freedom linear-acting motor with 90 mm stroke, a peak force of 60 N and equipped with position and force sensors was used as both a probe and a force display. This algorithm was tested on one real environment, a toggle switch with a nonlinear, compliance-dominated impedance. Because of the nature of the real device, only stiffnesses were extracted; this zero-order, piecewise linear model assumption provided a close fit to the measured trajectory with under 30 seconds of measurement and processing time. This was a substantial improvement in playback fidelity over that achieved by other characterization methods. Future work includes testing the algorithm on higher order systems.
Object recognition based on inhibition-of-return control using particle filter

We propose an object recognition method based on a saliency using a reference video containing complex background for service robots. In previous object recognition methods, in training phase, images that the user prepares contain mostly simple background. However, in order to make robots perform daily tasks, the robots should be able to recognition an object using teaching scene that contain complex backgrounds. In order to decrease the effect of features in the background, our proposed method classifies local features based on saliency from video images. This paper shows the efficacy of the proposed method; furthermore, we demonstrate that our proposed method recognizes certain objects.
Design of a novel broadband microwave absorber using a EBG structure

A novel broadband microwave absorber based on a lossy Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) structure is presented, and the absorption performance is examined. The proposed absorber includes a lossy EBG surface with the specific sheet resistance, which replaces the conventional resistive sheet of Salisbury screen. The measured result for the absorber showing a broadband reflectivity response with about 76% fractional bandwidth below −10 dB is presented, and a new structure with more enhanced absorption characteristic and other computational results to confirm the functioning of the absorber are presented. The measured and simulated results for the proposed absorber are in good agreement.
A Binarized Neural Network Joint Model for Machine Translation

The neural network joint model (NNJM), which augments the neural network language model (NNLM) with an m-word source context window, has achieved large gains in machine translation accuracy, but also has problems with high normalization cost when using large vocabularies. Training the NNJM with noise-contrastive estimation (NCE), instead of standard maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), can reduce computation cost. In this paper, we propose an alternative to NCE, the binarized NNJM (BNNJM), which learns a binary classifier that takes both the context and target words as input, and can be efficiently trained using MLE. We compare the BNNJM and NNJM trained by NCE on various translation tasks.
An assembly of soft actuators for an organic user interface

An organic user interface (OUI) is a kind of interface that is based on natural human-human and human-physical object interaction models. In such situations, hair and fur play important roles in establishing smooth and natural communication. Animals and birds use their hair, fur and feathers to express their emotions, and groom each other when forming closer relationships. Therefore, hair and fur are potential materials for development of the ideal OUI. In this research, we propose the hairlytop interface, which is a collection of hair-like units composed of shape memory alloys, for use as an OUI. The proposed interface is capable of improving its spatial resolution and can be used to develop a hair surface on any electrical device shape.
Reducing energy consumption of multi-channel mobile medical monitoring algorithms

Advances in integrated circuit technologies have enabled engineers to embed computation and communication resources in small form factors. Small wireless sensors have enabled a variety of ambulatory medical detection applications where individuals are instrumented in order to detect events outside a clinical setting. To make such devices suitable for long-term use, small batteries must be used. Thus, reducing overall energy consumption is essential. In these applications, reducing the amount of data sampled or processed can reduce energy consumption. One way to do this is to use a low-cost screening detector that quickly rules out segments of the sampled data that are unlikely to contain an event. Depending on the detection ability and relative power consumption of the screening detector, the combination of the original detector and screening detector can decrease energy consumption dramatically while maintaining low false positives and false negatives. In this paper, we describe a systematic method that uses machine learning to construct a screening detector for multi-feature detection algorithms. We evaluate this technique on real electroencephalography (EEG) data obtained from patients with epileptic seizures. Our results suggest that for most patients our technique can be used to construct a detector that reduces computation time by an average of 80% relative to the original detector. Moreover, we estimate that the average reduction in energy consumption would be 71% overall and 77% during non-seizure periods. This corresponds to a 4x increase in battery lifetime.
The management of traumatic brain injury: the development of guidelines and their influence.

Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. By conservative estimates, approximately 500,000 traumatic head injuries occur yearly, constituting a significant public health issue. More than 17,000 of the most severe head injuries result in death (23). Many more patients survive with significant disability. Although most frequent between the ages of 15 and 24 years, injury to the central nervous system occurs in significant numbers in children under the age of 5 and adults over the age of 75. Acute and chronic care of patients suffering central nervous system trauma constitutes a significant proportion of health care expenditures. The estimated cost to society from both productive years and income potential following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been estimated at forty billion dollars annually (8).
A 250MHz 11Bit 20mW CMOS Low-Hold-Pedestal Fully Differential Track-and-Hold Circuit

A new technique for realizing a very-high-speed low-power low-voltage fully differential CMOS track-and-hold circuit with low hold pedestal is presented. To achieve high sampling linearity the circuit utilizes bootstrapped input switch. The fully differential design relaxes the trade-off between sampling speed and the sampling precision. The circuit design of major building blocks is described in detailed. A prototype circuit in a 0.35-mum CMOS process is integrated and experimental results are presented. The track-and-hold circuit operates up to 250MHz of sampling frequency with less than -69dB of total harmonic distortion corresponding to 11bits for an input 85MHz sinusoidal amplitude of 1.8 Vpp at a 3V supply. This total harmonic distortion measurement reflects the held values as well as the tracking components of the output waveform. In these conditions, a differential hold pedestal of less than 1mV, 0.8ns acquisition time at 1.8V step input, and 1.8 Vpp full-scale differential input range are achieved. The circuit dissipates 20mW with a 3V power supply
All by Myself? Executives’ Impostor Phenomenon and Loneliness as Catalysts for Executive Coaching With Management Consultants

The scholarly literature regarding executive consulting relationships, typically labeled as executive coaching, tends to focus on the issue of its effectiveness. The fundamental question regarding executives’ desire to engage in this kind of intervention, whose benefits are considered ambivalent, has been mostly overlooked. Addressing this theme was the purpose of this exploratory study, in which in-depth interviews were conducted with 46 Israeli executives. Despite the executives’ explanation of executive coaching in rational terms of knowledge acquisition, the findings shed light on two phenomena that, surprisingly, have received limited attention: executive loneliness and impostorism. These intertwined experiences have been executives’ implicit catalysts for seeking help from management consultants. The study highlights the significant role of executive coaching as a means of emotional support for executive impostorism and loneliness. A major implication is the importance of providing managers promoted to senior positions with preparation for the emotional distress associated with their role.
The Relationship Between Life Course Factors, Parental Demographics, Dental Coping Beliefs and Its Influence on Adolescents Dental Visit: a Cross Sectional Study

Background Oral Disease is a multifactorial one that includes behavioral and cultural components, and the severity of the disease depends on regularity of dental visits. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between parental demographics, life course factors, dental coping beliefs with therecent dental attendance among adolescents in Udupi Taluk. Methods Three hundred and fifty adolescents aged 16–19 years from four randomly selected schools in Udupi Taluk participated in this cross sectional study. Information was obtained regarding their parental demographics, their early life course, dental coping beliefs and recent dental attendance. Bivariate followed by multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to elicit variables which predict recent dental attendance. Results Out of the 324 adolescents who completed the questionnaire, 25.3% reported visiting a dentist within a period of one year. Childhood dental visit, childhood dental experience, housing, internal and external locus of control and self-efficacy were significantly associated with recent dental visit (p<0.05). Participants who lived in cement/brick houses were 4.3 times more likely to visit a dentist within one year compared to those living in hut/mud/combined houses (p<0.05). Adolescents with lower external (OR= 0.11, P<0.003) and low internal (OR=0.05, P<0.001) locus of control had lower odds of visiting a dentist within a year when compared with those having higher locus of control. Conclusion Childhood financial hardships, childhood dental visits and experiences and dental coping beliefs affect dental attendance pattern during adolescence. These factors should be considered while tailoring interventions to promote the oral health and dental attendance behaviors of adolescents.
Handover self-optimization mechanism based on velocity for cellular networks

Quality of Handover (QoH) is a crucially important performance indicator for cellular networks. With the increasing requirement of users, the velocity of users should be highly valued, because it has great effect on handover process and user experience. In this paper, we propose Handover Self-optimization Mechanism based on Velocity (HSMV), a novel handover mechanism which can improve the performance: firstly, some original data should be extracted from the mobile devices and a mathematic model will be proposed to estimate the velocity of users using Received Signal Strength (RSS); secondly, the relation between handover margin (HM) and the estimated velocity is concluded based on the model, then the value of HM will be adjusted accordingly; finally, the assessment method to estimate velocity as well as tackle with some handover problems will be validated. Simulation results show that it can not only gain relatively accurate velocity but also decrease the call drop rate significantly.
Research on Enterprise Track of TREC 2007 at SJTU APEX Lab

For Document Search Task, we generally applied BM25 formula separately on different fields of HTML pages: Title, Anchor, H1, H2, Keywords, and Extracted Body. Various Static Ranking methods are also exploited. Scores are combined together using linear combination. Among all the techniques we have embedded in our system, our highlight is the static ranking approaches. Beside this, some data preprocessing methods and similarity function will also be introduced.
Genetic Characterization of Campylobacter Jejuni and C. coli Isolated From Broilers Using flaA PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Method in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Background: Thermophilic campylobacters, particularly Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are the main agents of human campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter contaminated chicken products is the most important source of foodborne gastroenteritis. Evaluation of genetic diversity among Campylobacter population is critical for understanding the epidemiology of this bacterium and developing effective control strategies against Campylobacter infections and other related disorders. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from broiler fecal samples in Shiraz, southern Iran. Materials and Methods: Ninety Campylobacter isolates were recovered from broiler feces using enrichment process followed by cultivation method. The isolates were species typing on the basis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of 16SrRNA and multiplex PCR for determining two thermophilic species. To evaluate strain diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter isolates, flaA PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) was performed using DdeI restriction enzyme. Results: All 90 Campylobacter isolates confirmed by m-PCR were successfully typed using flaA-PCR-RFLP. Eleven different types were defined according to flaA-typing method and the RFLP patterns were located at three separate clusters in RFLP image analysis dendrogram. Conclusions: Campylobacter jejuni isolates significantly showed more variety than C. coli isolates. A relatively low genetic diversity existed among C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from broilers in Shiraz, southern Iran. In our knowledge, this was the first report of genetic diversity among broiler originated human pathogen thermophilic campylobacters in Shiraz, southern Iran.
The Distortive Effects of Antitrust Fines Based on Revenue

In most jurisdictions, antitrust fines are based on affected commerce rather than on collusive profits, and in some others, caps on fines are introduced based on total firm sales rather than on affected commerce. We uncover a number of distortions that these policies generate, propose simple models to characterise their comparative static properties, and quantify them with simulations based on market data. We conclude by discussing the obvious need to depart from these distortive rules-of-thumb that appear to have the potential to substantially reduce social welfare.
PDZ-domain-directed basolateral targeting of the peripheral membrane protein FRMPD2 in epithelial cells

Multi-PDZ (PSD-95/Discs large/Zonula-occludens-1) domain proteins play a crucial role in the establishment and maintenance of cell polarization. The novel multi-PDZ domain protein FRMPD2 is a potential scaffolding protein consisting of an N-terminal KIND domain, a FERM domain and three PDZ domains. Here we show that FRMPD2 is localized in a polarized fashion in epithelial cells at the basolateral membrane and partially colocalizes with the tight-junction marker protein Zonula-occludens-1. Downregulation of FRMPD2 protein in Caco-2 cells is associated with an impairment of tight junction formation. We find that the FERM domain of FRMPD2 binds phosphatidylinositols and is sufficient for membrane localization. Moreover, we demonstrate that recruitment of FRMPD2 to cell-cell junctions is strictly E-cadherin-dependent, which is in line with our identification of catenin family proteins as binding partners for FRMPD2. We demonstrate that the FERM domain and binding of the PDZ2 domain to the armadillo protein p0071 are required for basolateral restriction of FRMPD2. Moreover, the PDZ2 domain of FRMPD2 is sufficient to partially redirect an apically localized protein to the basolateral membrane. Our results provide novel insights into the molecular function of FRMPD2 and into the targeting mechanism of peripheral membrane proteins in polarized epithelial cells.