Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
More than ‘Just Coping’: The Antecedents and Dynamics of Resilience in a Qualitative Longitudinal Study

This paper attempts to contribute to understandings of the role of resilience as a process enabling individuals to steer a positive course in their lives by drawing on longitudinal qualitative data collected from six case study individuals, drawn from a wider study of one hundred families over a seven-year period. It is shown how respondents construct their own life trajectories, specifically reflecting on the changes and challenges they face. Additionally, this work offers a policy perspective to the debate on resilience, examining the interplay between recent government initiatives and their potential role in fostering resilience.
Parenting and Depression

Few empirical studies have examined the association between parenthood and psychological well-being. Using NLSY79 data (n = 6,297), we examined how various parental roles, or specific parent–child relationship types, were associated with depressive symptoms in adults. We hypothesized that less traditional and more complex parental roles would be associated with higher depressive symptoms. Ordinary least squares regression results revealed that having a stepchild was associated with higher depressive symptoms, regardless of the stepchild’s residential status. Additionally, certain combinations of parental roles were a risk factor for depressive symptoms, including having a biological child residing in the home and another biological child residing outside the home simultaneously, a biological child and a stepchild residing together (with or without a new biological child), and having more than two combined parental roles in general. Findings suggested certain parental roles are indeed associated with higher depressive symptoms, while others may be null relationships.
Scared Kids, Unattached Kids, or Peer Pressure

This study assesses the impact of fear of criminal victimization on juvenile firearm possession at school, while controlling for variables in Hirschi's social bond theory and a derivative of Sutherland's differential association theory. Using responses from a sample of approximately 8,000 public high school students in a southeastern state, this research highlights a statistically significant association between adolescents' fear of criminal victimization and their firearm possession at school, even after controlling for the aforementioned explanations of crime.
Les familles monoparentales en 1999

Depuis 1975, le nombre des familles monoparentales a presque double, atteignant pres de deux millions en 1999. Elles n’en constituent pas pour autant un groupe statistique aux contours tres nets ni a fortiori une categorie sociale clairement identifiee. L’absence d’un second parent est assimilee a l’absence de conjoint partageant le logement et cela suppose de nombreuses approximations. De surcroit, ces familles sont loin de constituer un groupe homogene. Si une part croissante d’entre elles sont issues de la rupture d’une union, les ecarts restent grands entre les parents qui se sont maries puis ont divorce et ceux qui ont vecu en union libre. Plus eloignes encore sont, d’un cote, les parents qui n’ont jamais vecu en couple, souvent jeunes, et, de l’autre, ceux qui sont veufs, plus âges et ont frequemment de grands enfants. Ces differences ont un role tres important dans la maniere dont se construit la vulnerabilite des parents isoles, plus forte que celle des familles composees d’un couple. Parmi les parents de famille monoparentale, tout semble ainsi opposer les meres les plus jeunes, peu diplomees et confrontees a un chomage eleve, aux meres plus âgees ou aux peres isoles.
TEACHER TALK VERSUS PRACTICE: CONTRADICTIONS AND DILEMMAS IN SOCIAL STUDIES CLASSROOMS IN BOTSWANA

The purpose of this study was to explore the social studies teachers’ pedagogical practices on citizenship education in primary schools in Botswana. The study draws largely from post colonial theory using Said (1978) notion of orientalism and knowledge construction for its theoretical framework. The study was qualitative in nature and used the naturalistic inquiry paradigm. The focus of the study was based on eleven exemplary social studies teachers in six primary schools in one of the major villages in Botswana. Qualitative methods were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using grounded theory through the constant comparative technique. The findings of the study revealed that there are contradictions between what teachers’ say they do and what actually transpires in their classrooms. These findings reflect a gloomy picture on the state and practice of citizenship education in Botswana primary schools. The study, therefore, recommends that the pedagogical practices on citizenship education in primary schools in Botswana should be re-visited such that they become culturally relevant to both teachers and the recipients of such an education.
Bacteriophage Procurement for Therapeutic Purposes

Bacteriophages (phages), discovered 100 years ago, are able to infect and destroy only bacterial cells. In the current crisis of antibiotic efficacy, phage therapy is considered as a supplementary or even alternative therapeutic approach. Evolution of multidrug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacterial strains poses a real threat, so it is extremely important to have the possibility to isolate new phages for therapeutic purposes. Our phage laboratory and therapy center has extensive experience with phage isolation, characterization, and therapeutic application. In this article we present current progress in bacteriophages isolation and use for therapeutic purposes, our experience in this field and its practical implications for phage therapy. We attempt to summarize the state of the art: properties of phages, the methods for their isolation, criteria of phage selection for therapeutic purposes and limitations of their use. Perspectives for the use of genetically engineered phages to specifically target bacterial virulence-associated genes are also briefly presented.
A novel angiotensin II type 2 receptor signaling pathway: possible role in cardiac hypertrophy

We describe a novel signaling mechanism mediated by the G‐protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) angiotensin II (Ang II) type 2 receptor (AT2). Yeast two‐hybrid studies and affinity column binding assay show that the isolated AT2 C‐terminus binds to the transcription factor promyelocytic zinc finger protein (PLZF). Cellular studies employing confocal microscopy show that Ang II stimulation induces cytosolic PLZF to co‐localize with AT2 at the plasma membrane, then drives AT2 and PLZF to internalize. PLZF slowly emerges in the nucleus whereas AT2 accumulates in the perinuclear region. Nuclear PLZF binds to a consensus sequence of the phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase p85α subunit (p85α PI3K) gene. AT2 enhances expression of p85α PI3K followed by enhanced p70S6 kinase, essential to protein synthesis. An inactive mutant of PLZF abolishes this effect. PLZF is expressed robustly in the heart in contrast to many other tissues. This cardiac selective pathway involving AT2, PLZF and p85α PI3K may explain the absence of a cardiac hypertrophic response in AT2 gene‐deleted mice.
The Impact of Poor Performers on Team Outcomes: An Empirical Examination of Attribution Theory

We test assertions that attribution theory (AT) can explain the responses of peers to the characteristics of a poor performing team member. Study 1 assessed the processes used to interpret the behavior of a poor performer and found that behavioral manifestations of cognitive ability (g) and Conscientiousness were associated with causal attributions (locus, controllability, and stability), emotional and cognitive reactions, and behavioral intentions to help or punish a fellow team member. Building on Study 1, Study 2 focused on team level responses to the lowest performer. It assessed the impact of g/Conscientiousness of a poorly performing team member on involving others, communication, feedback, and citizenship behaviors of team members at the team level. Both studies converged in finding that individual team members' intentions to help or punish were related to poor performer traits.
Design of interdigital structured supercapacitor for powering biomedical devices

Energy scavenging has become an increasingly popular option for powering electronic devices as a long lasting power sources. A MEMS piezoelectric based energy scavenging system consists of a MEMS piezoelectric generator, a voltage multiplication circuit and an energy storage unit. Supercapacitor has the potential to be an excellent power storage material for renewable energy sources. The interdigital structured supercapacitor consists of silicon as the substrate, nickel as current collectors and polyvinyl alcohol based gel as a solid state electrolyte. Coventorware ver. 2008 was used in this work to simulate the working structure of supercapacitor. Physical parameters such as length of fingers, electrode spacings, and electrode widths strongly influence the capacitance value of the interdigital structured supercapacitor. From the simulation, the maximum charge density value is 4.1×10−6 pC/ μm2 and the maximum capacitance achieved is 0.116pF for finger length of 2500 μm. The results presented here is crucial in obtaining an optimal design for interdigital structured supercapacitor to be used for powering biomedical devices.
The boston qualitative scoring system for the rey-osterrieth complex figure: A study of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract The Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) was utilized to examine the qualitative features of ROCF performance of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Thirty-nine children with ADHD were compared to age-matched controls (n = 39) on their reproduction of the ROCF. ADHD children performed more poorly than did control children on measures of attention to detail, expansion, accuracy, and neatness. Sensitivity and specificity of individual BQSS measures for discriminating ADHD from control subjects were determined, and a logistic regression model was derived, yielding an overall sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 97% for the classification of ADHD. Eighty-one percent of all children were correctly classified. Cross-validation of this model on an independent sample of ADHD and control subjects revealed good predictive accuracy. These findings suggest that the BQSS may be a useful measure in the neuropsychological evaluation of.
ISOPHOT 95 μm observations in the Lockman Hole. The catalogue and an assessment of the source counts

We report results from a new analysis of a deep 95 µm imaging survey with ISOPHOT on board the Infrared Space Observatory, over a ∼ 1d eg 2 area within the Lockman Hole, which extends the statistics of our previous study (Rodighiero et al. 2003). Within the survey area we detect sixty-four sources with S/N > 3 (roughly corresponding to a flux limit of 16 mJy). Extensive simulations indicate that the sample is almost complete at S95 µm ≥ 100 mJy, while the incompleteness can be quantified down to ∼30 mJy. The 95 µm galaxy counts reveal a steep slope at S95 µm ≤ 100 mJy (α � 1.6), in excess of that expected for a non-evolving source population. In agreement with counts data from ISO at 15 and 175 µm, this favours a model where the IR populations evolve both in number and luminosity densities. We finally comment on some differences found with other ISO results in this area.
WaVPeak: picking NMR peaks through wavelet-based smoothing and volume-based filtering

Motivation: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used as a powerful tool to determine the 3D structures of proteins in vivo. However, the post-spectra processing stage of NMR structure determination usually involves a tremendous amount of time and expert knowledge, which includes peak picking, chemical shift assignment and structure calculation steps. Detecting accurate peaks from the NMR spectra is a prerequisite for all following steps, and thus remains a key problem in automatic NMR structure determination. Results: We introduce WaVPeak, a fully automatic peak detection method. WaVPeak first smoothes the given NMR spectrum by wavelets. The peaks are then identified as the local maxima. The false positive peaks are filtered out efficiently by considering the volume of the peaks. WaVPeak has two major advantages over the state-of-the-art peak-picking methods. First, through wavelet-based smoothing, WaVPeak does not eliminate any data point in the spectra. Therefore, WaVPeak is able to detect weak peaks that are embedded in the noise level. NMR spectroscopists need the most help isolating these weak peaks. Second, WaVPeak estimates the volume of the peaks to filter the false positives. This is more reliable than intensity-based filters that are widely used in existing methods. We evaluate the performance of WaVPeak on the benchmark set proposed by PICKY (Alipanahi et al., 2009), one of the most accurate methods in the literature. The dataset comprises 32 2D and 3D spectra from eight different proteins. Experimental results demonstrate that WaVPeak achieves an average of 96%, 91%, 88%, 76% and 85% recall on 15N-HSQC, HNCO, HNCA, HNCACB and CBCA(CO)NH, respectively. When the same number of peaks are considered, WaVPeak significantly outperforms PICKY. Availability: WaVPeak is an open source program. The source code and two test spectra of WaVPeak are available at http://faculty.kaust.edu.sa/sites/xingao/Pages/Publications.aspx. The online server is under construction. Contact: statliuzhi@xmu.edu. cn; ahmed.abbas@kaust.edu.sa; majing@ust.hk; xin.gao@kaust.edu.sa
Call to order: a hierarchical browsing approach to eliciting users' preference

Computing preference queries has received a lot of attention in the database community. It is common that the user is unsure of his/her preference, so care must be taken to elicit the preference of the user correctly. In this paper, we propose to elicit the preferred ordering of a user by utilizing skyline objects as the representatives of the possible ordering. We introduce the notion of order-based representative skylines which selects representatives based on the orderings that they represent. To further facilitate preference exploration, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is applied to compute a denogram on the skyline objects. By coupling the hierarchical clustering with visualization techniques, we allow users to refine their preference weight settings by browsing the hierarchy. Extensive experiments were conducted and the results validate the feasibility and the efficiency of our approach.
Human Adult Marrow Cells Support Prolonged Expansion of Human Embryonic Stem Cells in Culture

Prolonged propagation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells is currently achieved by coculture with primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) serving as feeder cells. Unlike mouse ES cells, adding growth factors such as leukemia inhibitory factor is insufficient to maintain undifferentiated hES cells without feeder cells. The presence of uncharacterized rodent cells or crude extracts imposes a risk to the clinical applications of hES cells. While others looked for a replacement of MEFs with human fetal cells, we attempted to use easily accessible postnatal human cells such as human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs). Culture‐expanded hMSCs from multiple donors were used as feeder cells to support growth of the H1 hES cell line under a serum‐free culture condition. Human ES cell colonies cultured on irradiated hMSCs amplified >100‐fold during the 30‐day continuous culture (in five passages). The longest continuous expansion of hES cells on hMSCs tested to date is 13 passages. The expanded hES cells displayed the unique morphology and molecular markers characteristic of undifferentiated hES cells as observed when they were cultured on MEFs. They expressed the transcription factor Oct‐4, a membrane alkaline phosphatase, and the stage‐specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)‐4, but not the SSEA‐1 marker. Expanded hES cells on hMSCs retained unique differentiation potentials in culture and a normal diploid karyotype. The well‐studied hMSCs (and this animal cell‐ and serum‐free system) may provide a clinically and ethically feasible method to expand hES cells for novel cell therapies. In addition, this system may help to identify cytokines and adhesion molecules that are required for the self‐renewal of hES cells.
Central and peripheral fatigue: interaction during cycling exercise in humans.

Existing evidence suggests that exercise-induced alterations of the metabolic milieu of locomotor muscle and associated peripheral muscle fatigue affect the central projection of thin-fiber muscle afferents. These neurons provide inhibitory feedback to the CNS and thereby influence the magnitude of central motor drive during high-intensity whole-body endurance exercise. The purpose of this proposed feedback loop would be to regulate and restrict the development of exercise-induced peripheral muscle fatigue and/or associated sensory feedback to an "individual critical threshold. " This centrally mediated restriction in the development of peripheral locomotor muscle fatigue might thereby help to prevent excessive disturbance of muscle homeostasis and potential harm to the organism. It seems that the regulatory mechanism is dominant during exercise under "normal" conditions but might become secondary in the face of extreme environmental influences such as severe hypoxia or heat. Most recent data are used to emphasize how the proposed feedback loop might be a key factor limiting performance during high-intensity whole-body endurance exercise.
One-way Loss Pattern Sample Metrics

Using the base loss metric defined in RFC 2680, this document defines two derived metrics "loss distance" and "loss period", and the associated statistics that together capture loss patterns experienced by packet streams on the Internet. The Internet exhibits certain specific types of behavior (e.g., bursty packet loss) that can affect the performance seen by the users as well as the operators. The loss pattern or loss distribution is a key parameter that determines the performance observed by the users for certain real-time applications such as packet voice and video. For the same loss rate, two different loss distributions could potentially produce widely different perceptions of performance.
Chemical microarrays, fragment diversity, label‐free imaging by plasmon resonance—a chemical genomics approach

Chemical genomics aim to create synergy between synthetic small molecule chemistry and biosciences employing genomic tools and information. Central to chemical genomics is the discovery of bioactive compounds from novel targets for pharmaceutical lead development. The field is challenged both by the multitude and novelty of protein and other biomacromolecular targets to be studied. Affinity fingerprints, data sets of binding interactions between collections of chemicals and their macromolecular receptors, hold promise to guide drug design and study protein function for groups of related compounds and families of biomacromolecules. Despite their fundamental relevance, neither experimental protocols nor databases of quantitative and comprehensive description of binding interactions for small molecule ligands and biomacromolecular receptors are available. Chemical microarrays in combination with label‐free imaging provide a novel route towards the systematic and standardized acquisition and application of such affinity fingerprint information. J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl. 39: 79–84, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sustaining HIV testing in pregnancy – Evaluation of routine offer of HIV testing in three London hospitals over 2 years

Abstract This study sets out to examine how routine offers of HIV testing for pregnant women in ante-natal (prenatal) clinics are managed over time. Data was collected over two time periods (2002, 2004) from all women booking clinics at three London hospitals. Data from 3,560 women, comprising 2,710 in 2002 (time 1) and 850 in 2004 (time 2) were gathered. Uptake of HIV testing, demographic variables, HIV-associated risks, pregnancy variables and uptake of other ante-natal tests were monitored. In the later study, details of partner testing and time spent discussing HIV was monitored. HIV test uptake with routine offer (RCT) was high. There was a significant increase in HIV testing over time from 85 to 91% (p<0.0001). In 2004, significantly more women had been previously tested for HIV (25 versus 41%, p<0.0001), more women refused all other ante-natal tests (rubella [0 versus 4% p<0.0001], syphilis [1 versus 5%, p<0.0001], Haemoglobin [1 versus 3%, p<0.0001], Down's syndrome [0 versus 13%, p<0.0001] and hepatitis B [1 versus 5%, p<0.0001]). Significantly less women refused HIV test (15 versus 9%, p<0.0001). Initially, HIV was the most frequently refused test (15%), whereas at time 2 Down's syndrome tests were most frequently declined. At time 1, 2% declined any test. By time 2, 14% of the sample declined any test (p<0.0001). Three percent of women had an established HIV risk at time 1 and 6% at time 2. Women with risk factors were significantly less likely to accept testing at time 2, but not at time 1 or not overall. Multivariable analysis was carried out to look at predictors of opting in and opting out of testing. At time 2 HIV test uptake was more likely if less than 3 min was spent discussing it (χ 2=9.3, p=0.002). This information was not available at time 1. HIV testing in ante-natal care can be sustained over time. Challenges for the future relate to complex cases, test declining, ensuring that women with risk factors do not systematically decline and providing skills for midwives or referral pathways to deal with more demanding cases. It has been possible to normalise HIV testing. Women have responded with high HIV test uptake, but are also questioning other tests which were previously routinely offered.
Wahrgenommene Zielkonflikte zwischen Gesundheitszielen: Ergebnisse einer Intervention zur Förderung von körperlicher Aktivität und Ernährung

Objectives: Unhealthy diet and physical inactivity are main causes of many diseases and hence, the development of effective interventions is warranted. However, targeting both health behaviors simultaneously might overburden participants. Thus, the aim of the study was to (a) investigate the relationship between these two health behaviors, (b) assess the perceived intergoal conflict and coherence, and (c) test the effects of stage-matched and mismatched interventions on perceived intergoal conflict and coherence. Methods: Based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA; Schwarzer, 2008), which describes behavior change as a process with qualitatively different stages, an internet-based health prevention program was tested. The quasi-experimental study with two different interventions included N = 1260 and a longitudinal subsample with n = 300 participants. Results: Results showed that both health behaviors are correlated, and that participants perceived more intergoal facilitation than conflicts. Perceived conflict varied between participants in the different HAPA stages. Stagematched interventions successfully reduced intergoal conflict. Conclusion: Health promotion programs that simultaneously target physical activity and dietary behavior seem not to overburden participants. On the contrary, participants report high levels of intergoal coherence between the two goals. Nonetheless, intergoal conflicts do play a role in the early stages of behavior change and intention formation. Health promotion programs should take these results into consideration when more than one health behavior is to be targeted.