Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Latent Tree Models and Approximate Inference in Bayesian Networks

We propose a novel method for approximate inference in Bayesian networks (BNs). The idea is to sample data from a BN, learn a latent tree model (LTM) from the data offline, and when online, make inference with the LTM instead of the original BN. Because LTMs are tree-structured, inference takes linear time. In the meantime, they can represent complex relationship among leaf nodes and hence the approximation accuracy is often good. Empirical evidence shows that our method can achieve good approximation accuracy at low online computational cost.
A continuously tunable 95–138 MHz bandpass resonator with 40 dBm IIP3

This paper reports on the design of a frequency-tunable lumped-element bandpass resonator with wide tuning range (1.45:1) and high third-order input intercept point (IIP3 > 40 dBm). The filter tuning is realized by means of a continuously variable capacitance that is formed by a hybrid combination of a back-to-back varactor pair-operated in the high DC bias region-and a switched network of static capacitors. An experimental prototype was designed, built and measured for proof-of-concept demonstration purposes. It exhibited a tunable frequency between 95 and 138 MHz (1.45:1) and insertion loss between 1.83 and 2.25 dB. Within this frequency range, the in-band IIP3 was measured above 40 dBm.
Evaluation of an Integrated Health Information System (HIS) in a Public Hospital in Cyprus: A Pilot Study

Health information systems can improve the quality of services in healthcare. Evaluation of health information systems in hospitals is a very complex process, and it is more effective when different aspects are considered. The present work aims to develop an evaluation framework of an integrated HIS in order to improve the quality of healthcare services provided in Cyprus. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used, that measured three aspects of the system: technology, human factor and organization. Preliminary results showed that while participants seem to agree with the potential benefits of the integrated HIS, safety of data within the HIS is seen as a problem. Qualitatively, the study pointed to 3 factors that might improve the current integrated HIS: increasing interdisciplinary cooperation, training of staff, and upgrading the infrastructure. Further studies will provide a comprehensive picture for Cyprus, so that appropriate measures can be proposed and put in action.
Emerging From Water: Underwater Image Color Correction Based on Weakly Supervised Color Transfer

Underwater vision suffers from severe effects due to selective attenuation and scattering when light propagates through water. Such degradation not only affects the quality of underwater images, but limits the ability of vision tasks. Different from existing methods that either ignore the wavelength dependence on the attenuation or assume a specific spectral profile, we tackle color distortion problem of underwater images from a new view. In this letter, we propose a weakly supervised color transfer method to correct color distortion. The proposed method relaxes the need for paired underwater images for training and allows the underwater images being taken in unknown locations. Inspired by cycle-consistent adversarial networks, we design a multiterm loss function including adversarial loss, cycle consistency loss, and structural similarity index measure loss, which makes the content and structure of the outputs same as the inputs, meanwhile the color is similar to the images that were taken without the water. Experiments on underwater images captured under diverse scenes show that our method produces visually pleasing results, even outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Besides, our method can improve the performance of vision tasks.
Assertion checker for the C programming language based on computations over event traces

This paper suggests an approach to the development of software testing and debugging automation tools based on precise program behavior models. The program behavior model is defined as a set of events (event trace) with two basic binary relations over events -- precedence and inclusion, and represents the temporal relationship between actions. A language for the computations over event traces is developed that provides a basis for assertion checking, debugging queries, execution profiles, and performance measurements. The approach is nondestructive, since assertion texts are separated from the target program source code and can be maintained independently. Assertions can capture the dynamic properties of a particular target program and can formalize the general knowledge of typical bugs and debugging strategies. An event grammar provides a sound basis for assertion language implementation via target program automatic instrumentation. An implementation architecture and preliminary experiments with a prototype assertion checker for the C programming language are discussed.
Increased thalamus levels of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) in patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy

Objective: Abnormal thalamo-cortical oscillations underlie idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE). Although thalamic involvement has long been indicated by electrophysiological data, it has only recently become feasible to test this with independent methods. In this magnetic resonance (MR) study, we investigated the metabolic and structural integrity of the thalamus. Possible changes in glutamine and glutamate concentrations and signs of neuronal damage were of particular interest. Method: Forty three IGE patients and 38 age and sex matched healthy controls were investigated. Quantitative single volume MR spectroscopy (MRS, 1.5 T) was used to measure concentrations of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) and N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in thalamus and occipital cortex. We also measured thalamic volumes on high resolution gradient-echo images and estimated fractions of thalamic grey and white matter with voxel based morphometry (VBM). Results: IGE patients showed elevated Glx and reduced NAA concentrations in the thalamus compared to controls (12.2±2.6 v 8.9±4.1 mM, p = 0.0022 for Glx, and 9.9±1.0 v 10.7±0.9 mM, p = 0.017 for NAA). Thalamic grey matter fraction was reduced in IGE patients, and white matter fraction was increased with the greatest increase in the dorso-medial thalamus. Mean thalamic volume was reduced in patients (6.7±0.7 v 7.2±0.6 ml in controls, p = 0.0001), as was mean cerebral volume (1163±128 v 1250±102 ml, p = 0.0003). Patients’ thalamus/whole brain ratios were normal. Conclusion: Quantitative MRS and VBM provide further evidence for involvement of the thalamus in IGE. The observed elevation of Glx levels together with reductions in NAA levels and grey matter fractions are consistent with epilepsy related excitoxicity as a possible underlying mechanism.
Inhibition of Notch Signaling in Combination with Paclitaxel Reduces Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Tumor Growth

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the United States because of chemoresistant recurrent disease. Our objective was to investigate the efficacy of inhibiting the Notch pathway with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) in an OvCa patient-derived xenograft model as a single agent therapy and in combination with standard chemotherapy. Methods: Immunocompromised mice bearing xenografts derived from clinically platinum-sensitive human ovarian serous carcinomas were treated with vehicle, GSI (MRK-003) alone, paclitaxel and carboplatin (P/C) alone, or the combination of GSI and P/C. Mice bearing platinum-resistant xenografts were given GSI with or without paclitaxel. Gene transcript levels of the Notch pathway target Hes1 were analyzed using RT-PCR. Notch1 and Notch3 protein levels were evaluated. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to assess significance between the different treatment groups. Results: Expression of Notch1 and 3 was variable. GSI alone decreased tumor growth in two of three platinum-sensitive ovarian tumors (p < 0.05), as well as in one of three platinum-sensitive tumors (p = 0.04). The combination of GSI and paclitaxel was significantly more effective than GSI alone and paclitaxel alone in all platinum-resistant ovarian tumors (all p < 0.05). The addition of GSI did not alter the effect of P/C in platinum-sensitive tumors. Interestingly, although the response of each tumor to chronic GSI exposure did not correlate with its endogenous level of Notch expression, GSI did negatively affect Notch signaling in an acute setting. Conclusion: Inhibiting the Notch signaling cascade with a GSI reduces primary human xenograft growth in vivo. GSI synergized with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy only in the platinum-resistant OvCa models with single agent paclitaxel. These findings suggest inhibition of the Notch pathway in concert with taxane therapy may hold promise for treatment of platinum-resistant OvCa.
An Improved Bidirectional Heuristic Search Algorithm

A modification of Pohl's bidirectional heuristic search algorithm is described together with a simplified implementation. Theorems are proved about conditions yielding shortest paths. The results are given of a worst-case analysis of different algorithms, suggesting a rank order of their quality. Results that Pohl had obtained with a unidirectional heuristic search algorithm on the 15-puzzle are compared with the results obtained with the new — simplified — algorithm.
Semantic indexing via knowledge organization systems : applying the CIDOC-CRM to archaeological grey literature

The volume of archaeological reports being produced since the introduction of PG161 has significantly increased, as a result of the increased volume of archaeological investigations conducted by academic and commercial archaeology. It is highly desirable to be able to search effectively within and across such reports in order to find information that promotes quality research. A potential dissemination of information via semantic technologies offers the opportunity to improve archaeological practice, not only by enabling access to information but also by changing how information is structured and the way research is conducted. This thesis presents a method for automatic semantic indexing of archaeological grey-literature reports using rule-based Information Extraction techniques in combination with domain-specific ontological and terminological resources. This semantic annotation of contextual abstractions from archaeological grey-literature is driven by Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques which are used to identify “rich” meaningful pieces of text, thus overcoming barriers in document indexing and retrieval imposed by the use of natural language. The semantic annotation system (OPTIMA) performs the NLP tasks of Named Entity Recognition, Relation Extraction, Negation Detection and Word Sense disambiguation using hand-crafted rules and terminological resources for associating contextual abstractions with classes of the ISO Standard (ISO 21127:2006) CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) for cultural heritage and its archaeological extension, CRM-EH, together with concepts from English Heritage thesauri and glossaries. The results demonstrate that the techniques can deliver semantic annotations of archaeological grey literature documents with respect to the domain conceptual models. Such semantic annotations have proven capable of supporting semantic query, document study and cross-searching via web based applications. The research outcomes have provided semantic annotations for the Semantic Technologies for Archaeological Resources (STAR) project, which explored the potential of semantic technologies in the integration of archaeological digital resources. The thesis represents the first discussion on the employment of CIDOC CRM and CRM-EH in semantic annotation of grey-literature documents using rule-based Information Extraction techniques driven by a supplementary exploitation of domain-specific ontological and terminological resources. It is anticipated that the methods can be generalised in the future to the broader field of Digital Humanities.
GSVD Beamforming for Two-User MIMO Downlink Channel

This paper introduces the fundamentals of generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) beamforming: a noniterative beamforming technique based on GSVD for the two-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) downlink. The numbers of private/common channels produced by GSVD beamforming and transmit power normalization are investigated; the channel gains under Rayleigh fading are characterized exactly for configurations that involve only common channels. Moreover, symbol error rates (SERs) are presented for elementary multicasting and two-way relaying applications; the performance distinctions of the private/common channels and the effect of channel-estimation errors and asymmetries in channel fading are highlighted thereby.
Twin wavelet frame difference based multiple moving object detection and tracking in video surveillance applications

Moving item recommendation is now and again a champ among the most key and basic procedures in PC perspective programs. In this paper, a novel organization model is suggested to get rid of illustrating closer see things from files that may contain different sorts of disturbing impact, for instance, light changes, camera parameter varieties, bustles and component back-grounds, etc. For each appearance, an nearby do it again reaction guide is created using temporary double wavelet story distinguish in community areas, and by expelling the interaction among communities of the reaction summarize, reduced pixel emphasize is showed as close-by do it again plan. By then, a versatile probabilistic evaluation of pixel emphasize development changed from piece width evaluation is performed to determine the prospect of a pixel being organization. Test assessments on complicated moments of understanding files illustrate that the suggested system has stored deserving results.
Automated compatibility testing method for software logic by using symbolic execution

Compatibility verification for modified software is very important. Currently this is done by executing existing test cases to the modified software. However it is often difficult to perform enough verification because it all depends on the existing test cases. In this paper, a novel compatibility testing method for software logical behavior is proposed. The method does not require existing test cases. Instead, it generates test cases which cover all possible paths in both the existing software and the new software automatically by using Symbolic Execution, and executes them to achieve exhaustive compatibility verification.
Crystal structure of a prokaryotic (6-4) photolyase with an Fe-S cluster and a 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine antenna chromophore

The (6-4) photolyases use blue light to reverse UV-induced (6-4) photoproducts in DNA. This (6-4) photorepair was thought to be restricted to eukaryotes. Here we report a prokaryotic (6-4) photolyase, PhrB from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and propose that (6-4) photolyases are broadly distributed in prokaryotes. The crystal structure of photolyase related protein B (PhrB) at 1.45 Å resolution suggests a DNA binding mode different from that of the eukaryotic counterparts. A His-His-X-X-Arg motif is located within the proposed DNA lesion contact site of PhrB. This motif is structurally conserved in eukaryotic (6-4) photolyases for which the second His is essential for the (6-4) photolyase function. The PhrB structure contains 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine as an antenna chromophore and a [4Fe-4S] cluster bound to the catalytic domain. A significant part of the Fe-S fold strikingly resembles that of the large subunit of eukaryotic and archaeal primases, suggesting that the PhrB-like photolyases branched at the base of the evolution of the cryptochrome/photolyase family. Our study presents a unique prokaryotic (6-4) photolyase and proposes that the prokaryotic (6-4) photolyases are the ancestors of the cryptochrome/photolyase family.
KaitoroBase: Visual Exploration of Software Architecture Documents

This paper describes a software architecture documentation tool (KaitoroBase) built within the Thinkbase Visual Wiki to provide support for non-linear navigation and visualization of Software Architecture Documents (SADs) produced using the Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method. This involves constructing the meta-model for the SAD in Freebase which provides the foundation for the graph-based interactive visualization enabled by Thinkbase. The resulting tool displays a graphical, high-level structure of SAD, allows for exploratory search, non-linear navigation, and at the same time connects to low-level details of SADs in a wiki.
SIMPLIFIED GASTRIC BYPASS: 13 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE AND 12,000 PATIENTS OPERATED

Background Obesity is increasingly prevalent disease worldwide and bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for the most severe cases. The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is still the most used technique all over the world and the laparoscopic approach has been preferred by surgeons with different approaches, propositions and techniques in performing the procedure. Aim To report the surgical aspects of the systematization and results of the simplified laparoscopic gastric bypass (Brazilian technique). Methods Were included all patients undergoing this procedure from January 2001 to July 2014; were described and analyzed aspects of this technique, the systematization and complications associated with the procedure. Results A total of 12,000 patients (72% women) were included, with a mean age of 43 years (14-76) and a mean BMI of 44.5 (35-90 kg/m2). Mean total operative time was 72 minutes (36-270) and the mean hospital stay was 36 hours. There were 303 cases of gastrojejunostomy stenosis (2.5%), 370 patients had gastrointestinal bleeding (3%) with only one lap revision due to a enteroanastomosis bleeding and six revisions related to intestinal obstruction caused by impacted clots in the jejunojenunostomy. Blood transfusion was needed in 32 patients (0.3%); Petersen hernia was diagnosed in 18 (0.15%) and digestive fistula in 54 (0.45%), which led to reoperation in 43 of them (67%). The overall mortality was 0.1% (fistula with sepsis=8, pulmonary thromboembolism=3; intestinal obstruction associated with sepsis=1). Conclusion The simplified laparoscopic gastric bypass is a feasible and safe option with low complication rate and easy reproducibility for education and training in bariatric surgery.
Managing Knowledge and Technology to Foster Innovation at The Ohio State University Medical Center

Biomedical knowledge is expanding at an unprecedented rate—one that is unlikely to slow anytime in the future. While the volume and scope of this new knowledge poses significant organizational challenges, it creates tremendous opportunities to release and direct its power to the service of significant goals. The authors explain how the Center for Knowledge Management at The Ohio State University Medical Center, created during the academic year 2003–04, is doing just that by integrating numerous resource-intensive, technology-based initiatives—including personnel, services and infrastructure, digital repositories, data sets, mobile computing devices, high-tech patient simulators, computerized testing, and interactive multimedia—in a way that enables the center to provide information tailored to the needs of students, faculty and staff on the medical center campus and its surrounding health sciences colleges. The authors discuss how discovering, applying, and sharing new knowledge, information assets, and technologies in this way is a collaborative process. This process creates open-ended opportunities for innovation and a roadmap for working toward seamless integration, synergy, and substantial enhancement of the academic medical center’s research, educational, and clinical mission areas.
Lasing Dynamics of Optically-Pumped Ultralow-Threshold Raman Silicon Nanocavity Lasers

We investigate the lasing dynamics of optically-pumped submicrowatt-threshold Raman silicon lasers that employ a high-quality (high- Q) nanocavity design. The measurements reveal that free carriers generated by two-photon absorption induce dynamic eﬀects during the initial lasing process, even at the very low threshold power of 0.12 µ W. At higher excitation powers, the Raman laser signal exhibits a signiﬁcant reduction within a few hundred nanoseconds after the initial rise, followed by clear oscillations. We ﬁnd that the temporal behavior of the laser signal strongly depends on the excitation wavelength. However, the Raman laser signal converges to a stable continuous operation within a few microseconds after the initial rise for any excitation power employed in this work. Numerical simulations indicate that the oscillations reﬂect the dynamic shift of the resonant wavelength due to the thermo-optic eﬀect and the carrier-plasma eﬀect, which are induced by free carriers generated via two-photon absorption. These results are useful for understanding the correct design of future devices that employ Raman silicon nanocavity lasers.
Phase Equation for Patterns of Orientation Selectivity in a Neural Field Model of Visual Cortex

In this paper we consider a neural field equation on L${\mathbb R}^2\times \mathbb{S}^1$, which models the activity of populations of spatially organized, orientation selective neurons. In particular, we show how spatially organized patterns of orientation tuning can emerge due to the presence of weak, long-range horizontal connections and how such patterns can be analyzed in terms of a reduced phase equation. The latter is formally identical to the phase equation obtained in the study of weakly coupled oscillators, except that now the spatially distributed phase represents the peak of an orientation tuning curve (stationary pulse or bump on $S^1$) of neural populations at different locations in ${\mathbb R}^2$. We then carry out a detailed analysis of the existence and stability of various solutions to the phase equation and show that the resulting spatially structured phase patterns are consistent with numerical simulations of the full neural field equations. In contrast to previous studies of neural fi.
Prox-PDA: The Proximal Primal-Dual Algorithm for Fast Distributed Nonconvex Optimization and Learning Over Networks

In this paper we consider nonconvex optimization and learning over a network of distributed nodes. We develop a Proximal Primal-Dual Algorithm (Prox-PDA), which enables the network nodes to distributedly and collectively compute the set of first-order stationary solutions in a global sublinear manner [with a rate of O(1/r), where r is the iteration counter]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first algorithm that enables distributed nonconvex optimization with global sublinear rate guarantees. Our numerical experiments also demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.