Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Striving towards inclusion ‘utopia’: The implementation of a disability sport inclusion programme in a sports development unit in Flintshire, Wales

During the course of the past few decades there has been an increasing shift towards the protection of the rights of disabled people within UK policy (Barnes & Mercer, 1998; Thomas & Smith, 2009). Houlihan and Lindsey (2013) highlighted how there have been significant developments in British sport policy since 1990, and a wealth of literature which has explored sport policy and development (Houlihan & White, 2002; Bloyce & Smith, 2010; Bergsgard et al, 2007; Houlihan, 1991; 1997; 2005; 2012; Houlihan & Green, 2011; Houlihan & Lindsey, 2013). However, there does not seem to be the equivalent level of academic interest within disability sport policy. Thomas and Smith (2009) and Smith and Haycock (2011) outlined that whilst disability sport exists within policy; policy and political interest remains marginal and the practical responsibility for the coordination and development of disability sport opportunities will remain with disability sport organisations and be ‘kept at arm’s length from direct government involvement’ (Smith & Haycock, 2011, p. 98). In this context, this thesis examines the policy implementation process of a disability sport inclusion programme from a figurational sociological perspective, in a local authority sports development unit in Flintshire, Wales. The thesis was based on semistructured interviews with Disability Sport Wales’ Partnership Manager and Sport Flintshire’s Manager, and focus groups with ten Sports Development Officers from Sport Flintshire. It was found that there had been a shift towards inclusion being the group ‘habitus’ over a period of time, possibly due to the way in which the development team was managed and led. Whilst evident that policy implementation is a complex, multi-level ‘game’, ‘insport’, a Welsh disability sport inclusion programme was perceived to be a key tool which could potentially support the lengthening chains of interdependence of the disability sport figuration, and help local authorities strive towards inclusion ‘utopia’. However, it was recommended that further research should be undertaken at a later stage of the ‘insport’ development programme in order to gain greater sociological understanding of the policy implementation process.
Sub-Regional Hippocampal Injury is Associated with Fornix Degeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease

We examined in vivo evidence of axonal degeneration in association with neuronal pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through analysis of fornix microstructural integrity and measures of hippocampal subfield atrophy. Based on known anatomical topography, we hypothesized that the local thickness of subiculum and CA1 hippocampus fields would be associated with fornix integrity, reflecting an association between AD-related injury to hippocampal neurons and degeneration of associated axon fibers. To test this hypothesis, multi-modal imaging, combining measures of local hippocampal radii with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), was applied to 44 individuals clinically diagnosed with AD, 44 individuals clinically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 96 cognitively normal individuals. Fornix microstructural degradation, as measured by reduced DTI-based fractional anisotropy (FA), was prominent in both MCI and AD, and was associated with reduced hippocampal volumes. Further, reduced fornix FA was associated with reduced anterior CA1 and antero-medial subiculum thickness. Finally, while both lesser fornix FA and lesser hippocampal volume were associated with lesser episodic memory, only the hippocampal measures were significant predictors of episodic memory in models including both hippocampal and fornix predictors. The region-specific association between fornix integrity and hippocampal neuronal death may provide in vivo evidence for degenerative white matter injury in AD: axonal pathology that is closely linked to neuronal injury.
Proxemic interaction: designing for a proximity and orientation-aware environment

In the everyday world, much of what we do is dictated by how we interpret spatial relationships, or proxemics. What is surprising is how little proxemics are used to mediate people's interactions with surrounding digital devices. We imagine proxemic interaction as devices with fine-grained knowledge of nearby people and other devices -- their position, identity, movement, and orientation -- and how such knowledge can be exploited to design interaction techniques. In particular, we show how proxemics can: regulate implicit and explicit interaction; trigger such interactions by continuous movement or by movement of people and devices in and out of discrete proxemic regions; mediate simultaneous interaction of multiple people; and interpret and exploit people's directed attention to other people and objects. We illustrate these concepts through an interactive media player running on a vertical surface that reacts to the approach, identity, movement and orientation of people and their personal devices.
Promoting Positive Citizenship: Priming Youth for Action. CIRCLE Working Paper 05.

Executive Summary Purpose of Study Researchers have theorized that programs to promote positive citizenship should begin with an opportunity for adolescents to participate in civic activities, such as community service or political volunteering. In this report, we expand this theoretical perspective by arguing that programs to promote positive citizenship may need to begin by focusing on: social interactions in youths' lives, such as interactions with parents and peers; the environment in which youths live, such as neighborhoods and schools; and on promoting civic values. We hypothesize that these influences in early adolescence lead to civic engagement in late adolescence. Civic engagement in late adolescence then leads to civic engagement in young adulthood. We test the full theoretical model, from early adolescence to young adulthood, incorporating insights from two previous studies of civic engagement that examine the first and second halves of the model. These insights helped refine the model to maximize our results using the available data set. We estimate a structural equation model to test this revised model, in which we posit that social contextual influences and altruistic/communal values in 8 th grade each uniquely predict civic participation in 11 th grade. Civic participation in 11 th grade, as well as peer and parental influences, predict civic participation in young adulthood. In a sub-analysis of the African American sample, we examine the influence of ethnicity-related factors on civic engagement. Methodology We used the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study (MADICS) to test our hypotheses. Started in 1991, approximately 1,000 youth from a Maryland suburb (and an accompanying primary caregiver) were followed from 7 th grade into early adulthood (three years post-high school). This is a diverse sample, comprised of 51% males and 61% African Americans. The youth come from families that represent a broad range of socioeconomic statuses and live in urban, suburban and rural settings. Fifty-four percent of primary caregivers are high school graduates, with 40% having graduated from college. The survey measures that we use in our analyses include variables from multiple domains: individual, parent, friend, school, neighborhood and cultural.
Nitrogen-doped twisted graphene grown on copper by atmospheric pressure CVD from a decane precursor

We present Raman studies of graphene films grown on copper foil by atmospheric pressure CVD with n-decane as a precursor, a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen as the carrier gas, under different hydrogen flow rates. A novel approach for the processing of the Raman spectroscopy data was employed. It was found that in particular cases, the various parameters of the Raman spectra can be assigned to fractions of the films with different thicknesses. In particular, such quantities as the full width at half maximum of the 2D peak and the position of the 2D graphene band were successfully applied for the elaborated approach. Both the G- and 2D-band positions of single layer fractions were blue-shifted, which could be associated with the nitrogen doping of studied films. The XPS study revealed the characteristics of incorporated nitrogen, which was found to have a binding energy around 402 eV. Moreover, based on the statistical analysis of spectral parameters and the observation of a G-resonance, the twisted nature of the double-layer fraction of graphene grown with a lower hydrogen feeding rate was demonstrated. The impact of the varied hydrogen flow rate on the structural properties of graphene and the nitrogen concentration is also discussed.
High incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in large-headed and multiple-tailed spermatozoa.

Rodrigo Vivo, Lorena, lorovi@alumni.uv.es ; Prados Dodd, Nicolas, Nicolas.Prados@uv.es ; Gil Salom, Manuel Luis, Manuel.Gil-Salom@uv.es ; Remohi Gimenez, Jose Alejandro, J.Alejandro. Remohi@uv.es
The Dual is the Context: Spatial Structures for GIS

GIS (Geographic Information Systems) are concerned with the manipulation and analysis of spatial data at a “Geographic” scale. Apart from issues of storage, database query and visualization, they must deal with several significantly different types of spatial information. These may be roughly classified as: discrete objects; networks; polygonal maps; and surfaces. Each of these has a specific set of assumptions associated with it, a specific data structure, and a specific set of algorithms. This produces a high level of complexity in the construction, manipulation, analysis and comparison of these datasets. We demonstrate that when “here” is replaced by “closest to here” the resulting proximal query (a Voronoi diagram) may be used to manipulate the four categories described above, with a resulting simplification of the system. All discrete objects become “fields”, with a value at any location. These fields provide the „context? of the object, and many applications require both the primal and dual for analysis: the Quad-Edge is therefore the data structure of choice. Thus in 2D the „context? - the dual set of adjacent neighbours and neighbourhoods, as identified by the Voronoi diagram - greatly assists in the interpretation and analysis of the data. In 3D the same thing holds true: the dual graph of the 3D object set - in 3D GIS perhaps a model of the rooms of a building interior - gives a clear structure for expressing their adjacency relations. A direct modification of the Quad-Edge - splitting the four parts into two pairs, each containing one primal and one dual half-edge - provides a structure appropriate for CAD-type non-manifold modelling, which we demonstrate by the construction of a large building complex, using Euler-type operators. Thus, again, the dual graph provides the context for the (primal) geometric data.
CPDB: cysteine protease annotation database in Leishmania species.

UNLABELLED There has been a revival of interest in Cysteine protease for Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) attributed to massive outbreaks of leishmaniasis in the tropical region. The cysteine protease database (CPDB) was designed to find data related to cysteine protease (CP) of different species of Leishmania and Trypanosoma brucei in a single platform. This has reflected in substantial increase in the submission of Leishmania genome sequences to NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) database. The CPDB database aims to provide a summary of data analysis, such as physiochemical and molecular properties, proteolytic cleavage sites, classification into functional families using SVMProt and other ExPASy tools. The main aim of this database is to provide different protein inhibitors of cysteine protease groups that were collected from literature and make available their 3-D structures through JMol with JAVA platform. These CP inhibitors are freely downloadable and also have added links for functional analyses of other proteins, which is helpful for users. All this information in CPDB, a single platform, will prove to be of great help for researchers who are involved in drug discovery and analysis of other physiochemical and molecular properties of the protein. AVAILABILITY the database is available for free at.
Crossing Into the Next Frontier of Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Research.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic entity that drives the formation and development of the cardiovascular system, determines critical aspects of cardiovascular performance, and plays key roles in the initiation and progression of abnormal cardiovascular function with aging and disease. Microscopic studies in the late 1700s identified fibrous structures surrounding cells, which led scientists to conclude that the ECM was primarily a foundational unit to provide support.1 Unfortunately, this historic view that the ECM is a static scaffold is still to this day held by many who are not in the field. Using molecular, cell based, and dynamic imaging systems, however, experts now recognize that the ECM is an ever-changing component that responds to normal and abnormal molecular and biophysical cues and, in turn, drives changes in overall cardiovascular structure and function. The ECM contains structural and nonstructural proteins, interacts dynamically with unique and differentiating cell types, serves as a reservoir and processing site for signaling molecules, and forms communication corridors for both protein and genetic information. Thus, the ECM is a diverse entity that presents a novel and exciting research frontier that could yield improvements in diagnostics, prognostics, therapeutics, and prevention of cardiovascular disease. A recent Pubmed search (accessed August 23, 2016) using the terms ECM and cardiovascular, cardiac, or vascular revealed that this field has been growing annually since the 1990s (Figure). Driving forces for the increased interest in ECM research include the recognition of biological and pathophysiological importance, improvements in biochemical, cellular, and molecular techniques by which to study this complex unit, and advances in the capacity at microscopic and macroscopic levels to provide greater insight into the dynamically changing ECM. Using combinatorial approaches, ECM research can be explored at greater depths than previously possible. This editorial forms a coalescence of discussions by …
Evaluation of the Reputation Network Using Realistic Distance between Facebook Data

In recent years, such SNS services as Facebook, Google+, and Twitter have become very popular. In such services, many sources of information are posted and shared, although user rankings are hardly considered. In this paper, we consider for web pages an evaluation technique, such as HITS and PageRank, for SNS user evaluation applications and propose an algorithm using a user's real distance. We consider various parameters, including user distance, favorites, and the numbers of friends in SNSs in our evaluation technique. We propose a new reputation network to measure the reliability of SNS information.
Chinese-American Students: A Review of the Literature.

This document reviews the literature on subjects relating to Chinese-American students. The paper presents information under six major headings: (1) "Asian Immigrants in the United States: Demographic Data"; (2) "Economic and Educational Background of Asian Immigrants"; (3) "Chinese-American Students: Who Are They? "; (4) "Academic and Language Characteristics of Chinese Students"; (5) "The Chinese Culture"; and (6) "Parents' Influence. " Extensive statistical data appear in the report, as do a laryn number of quotations from reference sources. Taken together, the -ata portray Chinese immigrants to the United States, on ti,e whole, as relatively well educated and supportive of education, highly paid, consisting of large families, often bilingual, and generally respectful of authority and tradition. Contains 71 references. (SG) * ;:*******. i. ****,, " k********* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *
Evolution of the galaxy luminosity function at z < 0.3

We measure the redshift-dependent luminosity function and the comoving radial density of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 1 (SDSS DR1). Both measurements indicate that the apparent number density of bright galaxies increases by a factor ≈ 3 as redshift increases from z= 0 to z= 0.3. This result is robust to the assumed cosmology, to the details of the K-correction and to direction on the sky. These observations are most naturally explained by significant evolution in the luminosity and/or number density of galaxies at redshifts z < 0.3. Such evolution is also consistent with the steep number-magnitude counts seen in the Automatic Plate Measuring (APM) Galaxy Survey, without the need to invoke a local underdensity in the galaxy distribution or magnitude scale errors.
Quantum theory of optomechanical cooling

We review the quantum theory of cooling of a mechanical oscillator subject to the radiation pressure force due to light circulating inside a driven optical cavity. Such optomechanical setups have been used recently in a series of experiments by various groups to cool mechanical oscillators (such as cantilevers) by factors reaching 105, and they may soon go to the ground state of mechanical motion. We emphasize the importance of the sideband-resolved regime for ground state cooling, where the cavity ring-down rate is smaller than the mechanical frequency. Moreover, we illustrate the strong coupling regime, where the cooling rate exceeds the cavity ring-down rate and where the driven cavity resonance and the mechanical oscillation hybridize.
Applications of Moving Mesh Methods to the Fourier Spectral Approximations of Phase-Field Equations

Large-scale simulations of microstructures are challenging computational problems in materials sciences. In recent years, Fourier spectral methods have emerged as competitive numerical methods used in phase-field simulations. In this paper, we discuss how to utilize the adaptive spatial distribution of grid points in the physical domain to improve the efficiency of the Fourier spectral methods. This is achieved via a moving mesh strategy. Implementation details and preliminary numerical examples are provided. Extensions to various cases are considered.
A cancer classification method based on association rules

Gene expression data based cancer classification is of great importance to the computer aided diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a novel cancer selection method, AR-SVM. In AR-SVM, association rules are used as feature extraction approach to catch the non-linear relation among different genes, and support vector machine is used to classify the transformed gene expression data. The proposed method achieves both high classification accuracy and good biological interpretability. The experimental results on various gene expression datasets show that AR-SVM achieves the highest classification accuracy in comparison with existing gene expression classification methods.
Towards a World Without Test Escapes: The Use of Volume Diagnosis to Improve Test Quality

With test quality being an imperative, this paper presents a methodology on how to apply volume scan diagnosis - known from the field of yield learning - to the domain of test quality learning. Volume diagnosis allows to drastically accelerate the learning cycle. We give guidelines on how to improve test pattern generation strategies and try to answer which defects can be addressed deterministically with adequate fault models versus where probabilistic methods such as N-detect need be applied. The paper is based on a detailed analysis of scan diagnosis data from a production volume of well over one million devices of a 90 nm product.
The CnuK9E H-NS Complex Antagonizes DNA Binding of DicA and Leads to Temperature-Dependent Filamentous Growth in E. coli

Cnu (an OriC-binding nucleoid protein) associates with H-NS. A variant of Cnu was identified as a key factor for filamentous growth of a wild-type Escherichia coli strain at 37°C. This variant (CnuK9E) bears a substitution of a lysine to glutamic acid, causing a charge reversal in the first helix. The temperature-dependent filamentous growth of E. coli bearing CnuK9E could be reversed by either lowering the temperature to 25°C or lowering the CnuK9E concentration in the cell. Gene expression analysis suggested that downregulation of dicA by CnuK9E causes a burst of dicB transcription, which, in turn, elicits filamentous growth. In vivo assays indicated that DicA transcriptionally activates its own gene, by binding to its operator in a temperature-dependent manner. The antagonizing effect of CnuK9E with H-NS on DNA-binding activity of DicA was stronger at 37°C, presumably due to the lower operator binding of DicA at 37°C. These data suggest that the temperature-dependent negative effect of CnuK9E on DicA binding plays a major role in filamentous growth. The C-terminus of DicA shows significant amino acid sequence similarity to the DNA-binding domains of RovA and SlyA, regulators of pathogenic genes in Yersinia and Salmonella, respectively, which also show better DNA-binding activity at 25°C.
Medical thoracoscopy: rigid thoracoscopy or flexi-rigid pleuroscopy?

Purpose of review In managing pleural diseases, medical thoracoscopy is often performed as a diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedure, particularly in undiagnosed pleural effusions. Flexi-rigid pleuroscopes are now widely available as an alternative to conventional rigid thoracoscopes. There is an ongoing debate on which is the better instrument. This review analyses the current literature that compared rigid and flexi-rigid approaches, and outlines the medical advances that may influence the future role of thoracoscopy. Recent findings Both rigid and flexi-rigid thoracoscopies are well tolerated. Although biopsies are smaller with flexi-rigid biopsy forceps, two small randomized trials reported similar diagnostic yield using either instrument. No studies have specifically examined patient comfort or the outcome of talc poudrage using the two devices. New techniques (e.g. insulated-tip knife and cryobiopsy) have been used as adjuncts with flexi-rigid pleuroscopy to overcome the difficulties in sampling thickened pleura. Summary The rigid and flex-rigid instruments have different merits and limitations. Both approaches provide comparable diagnostic yields in the overall patient population undergoing diagnostic thoracoscopy, though their performances specifically in patients with fibrotic pleural thickening have not been examined. Operators using the flexi-rigid approach should have alternative strategies for sampling thickened pleura. Advances in cytopathology and imaging-guided biopsy will likely reduce the need of medical thoracoscopy in the future.