Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language-Independent Program Verification Using Symbolic Execution

We present an automatic, language-independent program verification approach and prototype tool based on symbolic execution. The program-specification formalism we consider is Reachability Logic, a language-independent alternative to Hoare logics. Reachability Logic has a sound and relatively complete deduction system that offers a lot of freedom to the user regarding the manner and order of rule application, but it lacks a strategy for automatic proof construction. Hence, we propose a procedure for proof construction, in which symbolic execution plays a major role. We prove that, under reasonable conditions on its inputs (the operational semantics of a programming language, and a specification of a program, both given as sets of Reachability Logic formulas) our procedure is partially correct: if it terminates it correctly answers (positively or negatively) to the question of whether the given program specification holds when executing the program according to the given semantics. Termination, of course, cannot be guaranteed, since program-verification is an undecidable problem; but it does happen if the provided set of goals includes enough information in order to be circularly provable (using each other as hypotheses). We introduce a prototype program-verification tool implementing our procedure in the K language-definition framework, and illustrate it by verifying nontrivial programs written in languages defined in K
An Adaptively Edge-guided Back-projection Algorithm for Single Image Super-resolution

The iterative back-projection (IBP) algorithm for single image super-resolution (SR) can not guarantee the edge smoothness because the reconstruction error is back-projected isotropically. Furthermore, in the case that there is only one low-resolution input, the estimation of the reconstruction error is easily affected by noise. Thus, this algorithm is highly sensitive to noise. The focus of this paper is to overcome the two disadvantages. Firstly, we present a novel IBP algorithm which incorporates an adaptively edge-guided interpolation into the back-projection process. Thus, the back-projection process can be guided by the local edge information adaptively. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art IBP methods. It can generate a highresolution image with smooth edges. Secondly, we propose a robust IBP algorithm which exploits nonlocal redundancies to improve the reliability of the reconstruction error estimation. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can work well for the noisy images.
Sequence-Dependent T:G Base Pair Opening in DNA Double Helix Bound by Cren7, a Chromatin Protein Conserved among Crenarchaea

T:G base pair arising from spontaneous deamination of 5mC or polymerase errors is a great challenge for DNA repair of hyperthermophilic archaea, especially Crenarchaea. Most strains in this phylum lack the protein homologues responsible for the recognition of the mismatch in the DNA repair pathways. To investigate whether Cren7, a highly conserved chromatin protein in Crenarchaea, serves a role in the repair of T:G mispairs, the crystal structures of Cren7-GTAATTGC and Cren7-GTGATCGC complexes were solved at 2.0 Å and 2.1 Å. In our structures, binding of Cren7 to the AT-rich DNA duplex (GTAATTGC) induces opening of T2:G15 but not T10:G7 base pair. By contrast, both T:G mispairs in the GC-rich DNA duplex (GTGATCGC) retain the classic wobble type. Structural analysis also showed DNA helical changes of GTAATTGC, especially in the steps around the open T:G base pair, as compared to GTGATCGC or the matched DNAs. Surface plasmon resonance assays revealed a 4-fold lower binding affinity of Cren7 for GTAATTGC than that for GTGATCGC, which was dominantly contributed by the decrease of association rate. These results suggested that binding of Cren7 to DNA leads to T:G mispair opening in a sequence dependent manner, and therefore propose the potential roles of Cren7 in DNA repair.
Orthogonalized discriminant analysis based on generalized singular value decomposition

Generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) has been used for linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to solve the small sample size problem in pattern recognition. However, this algorithm may suffer from the over-fitting problem. In this paper, we propose a novel orthogonalization technique for the LDA/GSVD algorithm to address the over-fitting problem. In this technique, an orthogonalization of the basis of the discriminant subspace derived from the LDA/GSVD algorithm is carried out through an eigen-decomposition of a small size inner product matrix. It is computationally efficient when data are high dimensional. The technique is further applied to the kernelized LDA/GSVD algorithm, mGSVD-KDA, leading to a new algorithm, referred to as GSVD-OKDA. It is shown that with linear and nonlinear kernels, this new algorithm successfully overcomes the over-fitting problem of the LDA/GSVD and mGSVD-KDA algorithms. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms provide high recognition accuracy with low computational complexity.
Notice of RetractionConstruction and characterization of multiple affine trivariate pseudoframes of translates with filter banks

In recent years, frames have been the focus of active research, both in theory and applications.In the article, the notion of affine pseudoframes for subspaces of L<sup>2</sup>(R<sup>3</sup>) is introduced. The concept of a generalized multiresolution analysis (GMRA) is proposed. A new approach for constructing one GMRA of Paley-Wiener subspaces of L<sup>2</sup>(R<sup>3</sup>) is presented. The sufficient condition for the existence of a class of multiple pseudoframes with filter banks is obtained by virtue of a generalized multiresolution analysis. We obtain a class of affine frames of L<sup>2</sup>(R<sup>3</sup>)from these pseudoframes.
A subclinical study of the cognitive resources underlying scalar implicature : A focus on scalar adjectives

Recent investigations of different types of scalar implicature have reported variable strength in comprehenders’ commitment to their implicated meanings, perhaps related to the different properties each scale type has. While such discoveries threaten a unified view of scalar implicature, this paper proposes that some of this variability may arise from the different extragrammatical cognitive resources these scales draw upon as a consequent of processing their different types of representation. Providing initial evidence that cognitive resources play a role in scalar implicature, this paper reports a subclinical study of scalar implicatures triggered by scalar adjectives, examining how the functionality of an individual’s social cognition, semantic memory, and executive function affects the cancellation of implicatures compared to entailments. It reports specific effects of individuals’ functionality in social cognition and semantic memory on their judgments of implicature and entailment cancellations. The functionality of individuals’ semantic memory and executive function also affected judgment differences between antonymic scale cancellations. This evidence supports the possibility that cognitive resources influence scalar implicature, and that individual variability in these resources must be taken into account when considering the mechanisms of sentence processing.
Agent-Based Dynamic Route Selection for Multilayer Electronic Supply Network

The authors develop an intelligent information system in a multilayer electronic supply network. Using the internet for supply chain management (SCM) is a key interest for contemporary managers and researchers. It has been realized that the internet can facilitate SCM by making real time information available and enabling collaboration between trading partners. Here, the authors propose a multi-agent system to analyze the performance of the elements of a supply network based on the attributes of the information flow. Each layer consists of elements which are differentiated by their performance throughout the supply network. The proposed agents measure and record the performance flow of elements considering their web interactions for a dynamic route selection. A dynamic programming approach is applied to determine the optimal route for a customer in the end-user layer.
Nova: continuous Pig/Hadoop workflows

This paper describes a workflow manager developed and deployed at Yahoo called Nova, which pushes continually-arriving data through graphs of Pig programs executing on Hadoop clusters. (Pig is a structured dataflow language and runtime for the Hadoop map-reduce system.) Nova is like data stream managers in its support for stateful incremental processing, but unlike them in that it deals with data in large batches using disk-based processing. Batched incremental processing is a good fit for a large fraction of Yahoo's data processing use-cases, which deal with continually-arriving data and benefit from incremental algorithms, but do not require ultra-low-latency processing.
Mathematical Programming Guides Air-Ambulance Routing at Ornge

Ornge provides air-ambulance services to the province of Ontario. A major part of its services involves prescheduled transports between medical facilities. These transports almost exclusively require fixed-wing aircraft because of the distances involved and cost considerations. The requests are received in advance, scheduled overnight, and typically executed the following day. We describe our work in developing a planning tool that determines an assignment of requests to aircraft to minimize cost, subject to a range of complicating constraints. Ornge flight planners use the tool daily, resulting in substantial savings over the manual approach they used previously to develop schedules. We describe the problem, our formulation, its implementation, and the impact on operations at Ornge.
Interference Alignment in MIMO Interference Channels using SDP Relaxation

In modern wireless networks, interference is common problem that can degrade the performance of such networks. Interference alignment is a management technique that align interference from other transmitters in the least possibly dimension subspace at each receiver and as a result, provide the remaining dimensions for free interference signal. Uncoordinated interference is as an example of interference which cannot coordinately aligned with interference from coordinated part. In this paper, we propose two rank minimization methods to enhance the performance of interference alignment in the presence of uncoordinated interference sources.Firstly, sparsity of the objective function is studied and new objective function is proposed then, a new class of convex relaxation is proposed with respect to uncoordinated interferences. Moreover, we use schatten-p-norm as surrogate of rank function and we implement iteratively reweighted algorithm to solve optimization problem.Finally, our simulation results show that proposed methods can obtain considerably higher multiplexing gain than other approaches in the interference alignment framework.
Distributed under Creative Commons Cc-by 4.0 Microbial Communities Mediating Algal Detritus Turnover under Anaerobic Conditions

Background. Algae encompass a wide array of photosynthetic organisms that are ubiquitously distributed in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Algal species often bloom in aquatic ecosystems, providing a significant autochthonous carbon input to the deeper anoxic layers in stratified water bodies. In addition, various algal species have been touted as promising candidates for anaerobic biogas production from biomass. Surprisingly, in spite of its ecological and economic relevance, the microbial community involved in algal detritus turnover under anaerobic conditions remains largely unexplored. Results. Here, we characterized the microbial communities mediating the degradation of Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta), Chara sp. strain IWP1 (Charophyceae), and kelp Ascophyllum nodosum (phylum Phaeophyceae), using sediments from an anaerobic spring (Zodlteone spring, OK; ZDT), sludge from a secondary digester in a local wastewater treatment plant (Stillwater, OK; WWT), and deeper anoxic layers from a seasonally stratified lake (Grand Lake O' the Cherokees, OK; GL) as inoculum sources. Within all enrichments, the majority of algal biomass was metabolized within 13–16 weeks, and the process was accompanied by an increase in cell numbers and a decrease in community diversity. Community surveys based on the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene identified different lineages belonging to the phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria (alpha, delta, gamma, and epsilon classes), Spirochaetes, and Firmicutes that were selectively abundant under various substrate and inoculum conditions. Within all kelp enrichments, the microbial communities structures at the conclusion of the experiment were highly similar regardless of the enrichment source, and were dominated by the genus Clostridium, or family Veillonellaceae within the Firmicutes. In all other enrich-ments the final microbial community was dependent on the inoculum source, rather than the type of algae utilized as substrate. Lineages enriched included the uncultured groups VadinBC27 and WCHB1-69 within the Bacteroidetes, genus Spirochaeta and the uncultured group SHA
Global Patterns of Human Synchronization

Social media are transforming global communication and coordination and provide unprecedented opportunities for studying socio-technical domains. Here we study global dynamical patterns of communication on Twitter across many scales. Underlying the observed patterns is both the diurnal rotation of the earth, day and night, and the synchrony required for contingency of actions between individuals. We find that urban areas show a cyclic contraction and expansion that resembles heartbeats linked to social rather than natural cycles. Different urban areas have characteristic signatures of daily collective activities. We show that the differences detected are consistent with a new emergent global synchrony that couples behavior in distant regions across the world. Although local synchrony is the major force that shapes the collective behavior in cities, a larger-scale synchronization is beginning to occur.
Detection of Rotor Bar Faults by Using Stator Current Envelope

— The paper presents detection of rotor bar faults at steady state operation in squirrel cage induction motor by using stator current envelope. Three different rotor faults and healthy motor conditions were investigated in experiments. One of the stator currents has been used in the investigation of effects of rotor faults on the current envelope. The ratios of fluctuation of the envelope were used as feature of fault conditions for diagnosis. In the literature a lot of studies are available about diagnosis and detection rotor many different analysis and feature extraction methods such as motor current signature analysis (MCSA), fast Fourier transform (FFT). Unlike the literature, in the present study the stator current envelopes are used. The use of the current envelope does not affect the performance of the fault detection, while requiring much less computation and low cost in implementation, which would make it easier to implement in embedded systems for condition monitoring of motor.
Temporal expression normalisation in natural language texts

Automatic annotation of temporal expressions is a research challenge of great interest in the field of information extraction. In this report, I describe a novel rule-based architecture, built on top of a preexisting system, which is able to normalise temporal expressions detected in English texts. Gold standard temporally-annotated resources are limited in size and this makes research difficult. The proposed system outperforms the state-of-the-art systems with respect to TempEval-2 Shared Task (value attribute) and achieves substantially better results with respect to the pre-existing system on top of which it has been developed. I will also introduce a new free corpus consisting of 2822 unique annotated temporal expressions. Both the corpus and the system are freely available on-line 1 .
SIMMWIC integration of millimeter-wave antenna with two terminal devices for medical applications

Integration of planar antenna structures with oscillators and rectifiers, respectively, was performed an low loss, high resistivity silicon substrates. IMPATT diodes and special Schottky diodes operated in Mott mode were monolithically integrated in the planar waveguide circuit for mm-wave operation in the W-band (silicon monolithic mmwave integrated circuit-SIMMWIC ). Small chip sizes below 30mm2 could be obtained to meet requirement for medical endoscopes.
Personality and Website Choice

We find that preference for websites, like preference for objects in the offline world, is influenced by personality. We combine personality profiles and website choices of more than 160.000 users and investigate whether different websites attract audience of different personality. Using two independent sources of website choices, we show that website audiences often have distinct personality profiles, that there is a psychologically meaningful relationship between personality and preferences related to website and website categories, and that results are stable across independent data sources. Our findings are useful for researchers interested in website content personalization, text search, search result optimization and online marketing.
Supplemental for Spectral Algorithm For Latent Tree Graphical Models

The latent tree structure learned by the algorithm by [1] is shown in Figure 1. The blue nodes are hidden nodes and the red nodes are observed. Note how integrating out some of these hidden nodes could lead to very large cliques. Thus it is not surprising why both our spectral method and EM perform better than Chow Liu. The Chow Liu Tree is shown in Figure 1. Note how it is forced to pick some of the observed variables as hubs even if latent variables may be more natural.
Recent Development of Modeling Simulated RVD Tasks in a Cognitive Architecture

This paper briefly introduces the effort focused on developing an integrated cognitive model of the manual RVD task in the ACT-R cognitive architecture. The descriptions about the manual RVD task and ACT-R have been shown and preliminary analysis of the control strategies has also been made. The comparison results of the performance between human operators and the cognitive model show that the control strategy can simulate behaviors of human operators in a simplified RVD task. The future work will concentrate on the implementation of control strategies in more general RVD tasks, and model validation.
Understanding learners’ use of augmented reality in language learning: insights from a case study

ABSTRACT The case study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of learners’ perception and experience of using augmented reality (AR) for language learning. Seven university students were recruited in this study, and they were provided access to an AR-based stroke-by-stroke animation guide for learning Japanese orthography with their own mobile computing devices. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and direct observations. Subsequent thematic analysis showed that, overall, learners had positive perception and attitude towards the immersive language learning experience afforded by the AR programme. However, challenges pertinent to technology and user experience were also revealed. The findings accentuate the role of teachers in the implementation process and point out possible directions for more effective uptake of AR in this field.
A Textual Modus Operandi: Surrey's Simple System for Author Identification Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013

Detecting deceptions of various kinds may be variously possible, but has little value if the deceiver cannot be identified. In this paper, we discuss our approach to Authorship Attribution that uses vector similarity with a frequencymean-variance framework for patterns of stopwords (no more than ten). The high frequency individual occurrences, and patterns of co-occurrence, can be used as identifier of an author’s style, and operates similarly across certain languages without prior linguistic knowledge. This simple system achieved F1 values of 0.66, 0.74 and 0.78 for Early Bird, Final, and Post submission assessment of the Train Corpus. We cannot yet offer further explanation as the Test Corpus is not available at the time of writing.
Static Validation of Register Allocation

Testing the implementation of register allocation algorithms is a difficult and time-consuming activity. Errors in the code generated by the register allocator tend to manifest sporadically, often many instructions past the problematic point. In this paper we formalize the concept of semantic consistency of register allocation directives. Also, we present a collection of data flow algorithms that statically validates the translation between two representations of a program: the first has an unbounded number of temporary variables, whereas the second can only use a limited number of registers. The need for this validation infrastructure emerged during the development of actual register allocators for the Strong ARM architecture, and its availability greatly improved our ability to trace errors in register allocation settings.
A Method of Software Structure Designing Based on Ant Colony Planning

The complexity of software has increased enormously with the fast development of sophisticated modern software. Thus the software structure designing would consume more time and more manpower. In this paper, we proposed an automatic generating method of software structure designing based on the ant colony planning technique which has the character of global parallel searching and the ability of convergence acceleration in the process of solution searching.
A Multiple Case Study on Post-Merger IT Integration with IT Culture Conflict Perspective

This paper analyzes the culture conflicts of merged IT departments in two banks in Taiwan. The integration of divergent cultures is crucial to maintain the performance of a merged organization. We examine issues in post-merger IT integration of two Taiwan's financial holding companies, and then argue that the understanding of IT culture conflicts between two merged departments can contribute to the effectiveness of post-merger IT integration. This paper identified three types of IT cultural conflict occurred in IT integration, examined the major effects on IT conflicts and discussed how to resolve IT culture conflicts in post-merger IT integration. We assert that an IT department can resume the productivity once IT culture conflicts can be identified and resolved even if IT infrastructures and processes of merged organizations are incompatible.
REAPING WHAT IS SOWN : THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED MANAGERIAL CONTROLS ON SUBORDINATES ’ FAIRNESS EVALUATIONS

We argue that different types of managerial controls – mechanisms to direct subordinate’s tasks – increase the salience of particular aspects of fairness among subordinates. In a series of survey and scenario studies, we find that subordinates who perceive market controls engage in distributive fairness monitoring, subordinates who recognize bureaucratic controls engage in procedural fairness monitoring, and subordinates who discern clan controls engage in interpersonal fairness monitoring. We also find that managers who promote the type of fairness their subordinates monitor most closely promote higher levels of subordinate job satisfaction than those who do not.