Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An online subject-based spam filter using natural language features

This paper proposes an online subject-based spam filter built upon an extended version of weighted naive Bayesian (WNB) classifier. The spam filter checks email subjects only. It is faster than spam filters that scan whole body of emails and useful even spam senders temper email bodies to avoid filtering. In addition to the widely used bag-of-word feature, we further consider statistical and nature language features to discover new characteristics from email subjects. In online learning, we use an extended WNB classifier. It is not only computationally efficient, but also more adaptive to the changes of spams with new malicious campaigns. The proposed classifier is immune to the spams with malicious campaigns beyond contemplation. We evaluate the performance of our spam filter on 8 well-known ham-spam email datasets from TREC and Enron-Spam corpus. Our approach achieves 94.85% of accuracy and 95.8% of F1-measure on TREC datasets, and 95.74% of accuracy and 97.2% of F1-measure on Enron-Spam datasets. Compared with previous works of the same line, our approach has 2.43%, 2.3%, and 3.2% improvements on accuracy, true positive rate, and false positive rate, respectively.
The role of tocopherol in oxygen-induced retinopathy: kitten model.

The effect of tocopherol (vitamin E) on oxygen-induced retinopathy was studied in 75 kittens following the development of a 12-point scoring system to quantitate the degree of retinopathy seen at three weeks. The tocopherol was found to be beneficial when given daily from the day of birth (P less than .0001) with oxygen exposures of two to three days (79% FiO2) beginning on day 3. Caution is urged in applying these data to humans because (1) hepatosplenomegaly was noted in the treated animals, and (2) the kitten model for oxygen-induced retinopathy is not entirely satisfactory, Pediatrics, 59:998-1005 1977, RETROLENTAL FIBROPLASIA, OXYGEN TOXICITY, VITAMIN E, RETINOPATHY, KITTEN.
Effects of hardness, chloride, and acclimation on the acute toxicity of sulfate to freshwater invertebrates

The acute toxicity of sulfate to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Chironomus tentans, Hyalella azteca, and Sphaerium simile was assessed to support potential updates of Illinois (USA) sulfate criteria for the protection of aquatic life. The mean lethal concentrations to 50% of a sample population (LC50s), expressed as mg SO42−/L, in moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW) were as follows: 512 mg/L for H. azteca, 2,050 mg/L for C. dubia, 2,078 mg/L for S. simile, and 14,134 mg/L for C. tentans. At constant sulfate (∼2,800 mg/L) and hardness (106 mg/L), survival of H. azteca was positively correlated with chloride concentration. Hardness also was found to ameliorate sodium sulfate toxicity to C. dubia and H. azteca, with LC50s for C. dubia increasing from 2,050 mg SO42−/L at hardness = 90 mg/L to 3,516 mg SO42−/L at hardness = 484 mg/L. Using a reformulated MHRW with a similar hardness but higher chloride concentration and different calcium to magnesium ratio than that in standard MHRW, the mean LC50 for H. azteca increased to 2,855 mg/L, and the LC50 for C. dubia increased to 2,526 mg/L. Acclimation of C. dubia to 500 and 1,000 mg SO42−/L for several generations nominally increased mean LC50 values compared with those cultured in standard MHRW.
Cooperation for Arabic Language Resources and Tools — The MEDAR Project

The paper describes some of the work carried out within the European funded project MEDAR. The project has three streams of activity: the technical stream, the cooperation stream and the dissemination stream. MEDAR has first updated the existing surveys and BLARK for Arabic, and then the technical stream focused on machine translation. The consortium identified a number of freely available MT systems and then customized two versions of the famous MOSES package. The Consortium addressed the needs to package MOSES for English to Arabic (while the main MT stream is on Arabic to English). For performance assessment purposes, the partners produced test data that allowed carrying out an evaluation campaign with 5 different systems (including from outside the consortium) and two online ones. Both the MT baselines and the collected data will be made available via ELRA catalogue. The cooperation stream focuses mostly on the cooperation roadmap for Human Language Technologies for Arabic. Cooperation Roadmap for the region directed towards the Arabic HLT in general. It is the purpose of the roadmap to outline areas and priorities for collaboration, in terms of collaboration between EU countries and Arabic speaking countries, as well as cooperation in general: between countries, between universities, and last but not least between universities and industry.
Comparison of two graphical models approaches for the modelling of multi-components system's reliability

Reliability analysis is an integral part of system design and operating. Moreover, it can be an input to optimize maintenance policies. Recently, Bayesian Networks (BN) and Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) have been proved relevant to represent complex systems and perform reliability studies. The major drawback of this approach comes from the constraint on the state sojourn times which are necessarily exponentially distributed, as in usual markovian approaches. Therefore, a new formalism was previously introduced in the literature to avoid this constraint: the Graphical Duration Models (GDM). This paper aims to quantify the reliability estimation error due to an exponential approximation when the system follows other kinds of sojourn time's distributions. Finally results obtained by DBN and GDM will be compared.
Preliminary Field Testing of a Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Hammock Against Anopheles gambiae and Mansonia spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) in West Africa

Abstract The efficacy of an experimental long-lasting insecticide-treated hammock (LLIH) with a long-lasting treated net used as a blanket and made of the same fabric (polyethylene) was tested in a concrete block experimental hut, against the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.l. and the arbovirus vectors and nuisance mosquitoes Mansonia africana (Theobald) and Mansonia uniformis (Theobald). The LLIH was treated with the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin. It was evaluated concurrently with ignited mosquito coils over 20 successive weeks. In total, 2,227 mosquitoes (130 An. gambiae and 2,097 Mansonia spp.) corresponding to 27.8 mosquitoes per trap-night were collected in the untreated hut (control). The repellent effect of both coils and LLIH significantly reduced the number of mosquitoes entering the huts (35–60%). There was no significant difference between LLIH and mosquito coils in blood-feeding inhibition (93–97%) or in mortality (88–98%). The LLIH is more cost-effective and user-friendly than mosquito coils, which need to be replaced nightly to protect people sleeping indoors from mosquito bites. The effects of LLIH on exophagic vectors also need to be investigated because most people that sleep in hammocks are outdoors. RÉSUMÉ L’efficacité d’un hamac expérimental muni d’une couverture en moustiquaire, tous deux en polyéthylène imprégné d’un insecticide pyréthrinoïde (perméthrine) et à longue durée d’efficacité, a été testée dans une case expérimentale en parpaings de ciment contre des populations naturelles de Anopheles gambiae s.l. , vecteur de paludisme, et de Mansonia africana (Theobald) et Mansonia uniformis (Theobald), moustiques nuisants et vecteur d’arboviroses. Le hamac a été évalué pendant 20 semaines consécutives en comparaison avec des tortillons insecticides. 2,227 moustiques (130 An. gambiae et 2,097 Mansonia spp.), soit 27,8 moustiques par nuit de capture ont été collectés dans la case non traitée (témoin). L’effet répulsif des tortillons comme celui du hamac ont diminué significativement le taux d’entrée des moustiques dans les cases (de 35 à 60%). Le pourcentage d’inhibition du taux de piqˆures a été élevé, tant pour les tortillons que le hamac (de 93 à 97%) ainsi que la mortalité (de 88 à 98%). En protégeant durablement les personnes dormant à l’intérieur des habitations, il apparaˆıt que les hamacs imprégnés sont plus pratiques que les tortillons dans la mesure où ces derniers doivent être remplacés chaque nuit. Il serait intéressant d’évaluer l’efficacité de ces hamacs imprégnés contre les vecteurs exophages dans la mesure où la plupart des gens dormant spontanément dans des hamacs les utilisent à l’extérieur.
Building a Simple and Effective Text Categorization System using Relative Importance in Category

With the rapid development of World Wide Web, text categorization has become the key technology in organizing and processing large volume of document data. There are a variety of text categorization methods such as k nearest neighbor (kNN) and support vector machine (SVM). However, those methods are either too complicated or not effective enough. In this paper, we present a new method called relative importance in category (RIIC), which is simpler than most methods and has a lower time complexity. To verify the performance of RIIC, we build a text categorization system (TCS) based on RIIC and compare our system with TCS based on kNN and SVM. Experimental results show that in most cases the performance of RIIC is better than kNN and SVM.
Pseudohomozygosity for activated protein C resistance is a risk factor for venous thrombosis

Pseudohomozygosity for activated protein C resistance (APC‐r) is a rare condition due to the association of heterozygous FV Leiden mutation and partial type I FV deficiency. To assess the risk of venous thromboembolism in these subjects, seven families including 11 pseudohomozygotes and 45 relatives were examined. Among the relatives, 16 were heterozygous FV Leiden carriers, nine showed partial FV deficiency and 20 no abnormalities. Deep vein thrombosis occurred in 4/11 (36.3%) pseudohomozygous patients versus 6/16 (37.4%) FV Leiden carriers and 1/20 (5%) normal relatives. Pseudohomozygotes and FV Leiden carriers had a significantly increased risk of venous thrombosis in comparison to normal relatives (RR 8.8 and 5.7, respectively). There was no difference between the thrombotic risk of pseudohomozygous subjects and of FV Leiden carriers (RR 1.6, 95% CI 0.43–5.7). Furthermore, there was no difference in thrombosis‐free survival between pseudohomozygotes and 45 consecutive FV Leiden heterozygous outpatients, suggesting that a referral bias may explain the apparent younger age of thrombosis in the pseudohomozygotes in comparison to relatives with FV Leiden heterozygosity (27 years v 54 years; P = 0.01). Pseudohomozygosity for APC resistance carries a significantly higher risk for venous thromboembolism in comparison to normal subjects, but probably not in comparison to heterozygous FV Leiden carriers.
Lateral hypothalamic ‘command neurons’ with axonal projections to regions involved in both feeding and thermogenesis

The concept of ‘command neurons’, whereby single neurons mediate complex and complementary motor functions to generate a stereotyped behaviour, is well developed in invertebrate physiology. The term has also been adopted more recently to explain the neural basis of ‘fight or flight’. In this study we have investigated the possibility that single lateral hypothalamic neurons have the necessary neuroanatomical connections to coordinate two complementary limbs of body weight control, feeding and thermogenesis, thereby acting as ‘command neurons’. The transynaptic retrograde transport of pseudorabies virus (Bartha) from a thermogenic endpoint in the brown adipose tissue of rats has been used in conjunction with other neuronal tracers, introduced into putative CNS feeding centres, to assess the potential for the involvement of command neurons in coordinating these processes. In discrete regions of the lateral hypothalamus, neurons have been identified which have the necessary complement of orexigenic peptides and collateral branching axons to both putative feeding sites and thermogenic sites in brown fat to qualify as candidate central command neurons controlling body weight.
The cost-effectiveness of semi-rigid ankle brace to facilitate return to work following first-time acute ankle sprains.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine the cost-effectiveness of semi-rigid ankle brace to facilitate return to work following first-time acute ankle sprains. DESIGN Economic evaluation based on cost-utility analysis. BACKGROUND Ankle sprains are a source of morbidity and absenteeism from work, accounting for 15-20% of all sports injuries. Semi-rigid ankle brace and taping are functional treatment interventions used by Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists and Nurses to facilitate return to work following acute ankle sprains. METHODS A decision model analysis, based on cost-utility analysis from the perspective of National Health Service was used. The primary outcomes measure was incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, based on quality-adjusted life years. Costs and quality of life data were derived from published literature, while model clinical probabilities were sourced from Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists. RESULTS The cost and quality adjusted life years gained using semi-rigid ankle brace was £184 and 0.72 respectively. However, the cost and quality adjusted life years gained following taping was £155 and 0.61 respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the semi-rigid brace was £263 per quality adjusted life year. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that ankle brace provided the highest net-benefit, hence the preferred option. CONCLUSION Taping is a cheaper intervention compared with ankle brace to facilitate return to work following first-time ankle sprains. However, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio observed for ankle brace was less than the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence threshold and the intervention had a higher net-benefit, suggesting that it is a cost-effective intervention. Decision-makers may be willing to pay £263 for an additional gain in quality adjusted life year. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The findings of this economic evaluation provide justification for the use of semi-rigid ankle brace by Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists and Nurses to facilitate return to work in individuals with first-time ankle sprains.
Apport d'une approche multi-agents pour la résolution d'un problème de gestion de l'énergie dans l'habitat

This paper presents a Multi-Agents apprach dedicated to power management in buildings. This approach, defines a multi-layer control mechanism : reactive and anticipative mechanism. In a first part, the paper presents the power system and its problems. Then, it presents the agents modeling of the proposed system, called MAHAS. In the second part of this paper, we show how a multi-agent system, well adapted to solve problems spatially distributed and open, can dynamically adapt the consumption of energy to various constraints by exploiting the flexibilities of the services provided by domestic devices (services shifting, energy accumulating).
A Conserved Motif Mediates both Multimer Formation and Allosteric Activation of Phosphoglycerate Mutase 5*

Background: Mechanism(s) that regulate the phosphatase activity of PGAM5 are poorly understood. Results: PGAM5 contains an N-terminal WDXNWD motif required for multimerization and maximal phosphatase activity. Conclusion: PGAM5 is regulated by an intermolecular allosteric mechanism in which the assembly of PGAM5 into multimeric complexes results in robust phosphatase activity. Significance: Our data suggest a mechanism for regulating the function of PGAM5. Phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) is an atypical mitochondrial Ser/Thr phosphatase that modulates mitochondrial dynamics and participates in both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. The mechanisms that regulate the phosphatase activity of PGAM5 are poorly understood. The C-terminal phosphoglycerate mutase domain of PGAM5 shares homology with the catalytic domains found in other members of the phosphoglycerate mutase family, including a conserved histidine that is absolutely required for catalytic activity. However, this conserved domain is not sufficient for maximal phosphatase activity. We have identified a highly conserved amino acid motif, WDXNWD, located within the unique N-terminal region, which is required for assembly of PGAM5 into large multimeric complexes. Alanine substitutions within the WDXNWD motif abolish the formation of multimeric complexes and markedly reduce phosphatase activity of PGAM5. A peptide containing the WDXNWD motif dissociates the multimeric complex and reduces but does not fully abolish phosphatase activity. Addition of the WDXNWD-containing peptide in trans to a mutant PGAM5 protein lacking the WDXNWD motif markedly increases phosphatase activity of the mutant protein. Our results are consistent with an intermolecular allosteric regulation mechanism for the phosphatase activity of PGAM5, in which the assembly of PGAM5 into multimeric complexes, mediated by the WDXNWD motif, results in maximal activation of phosphatase activity. Our results suggest the possibility of identifying small molecules that function as allosteric regulators of the phosphatase activity of PGAM5.
Surveying Games With a Combined Model of Immersion and Flow

Detecting flow in games is key for successful adaptation processes. Until now, the method of choice to measure flow in games is the usage of questionnaires, such as flow short scale or game experience questionnaire. Because of the shortcomings of these methods, the theoretical model of flow is enhanced by the concept of immersion to propose a unified flow/immersion model. In combination with this more fine-grained model of immersion, player experience may be measured in a more detailed fashion. The enhancement of the theoretical model and the altered experiment procedure are presented. In conclusion, a perspective towards performing the experiment and future data recordings is given.
Practical Aspects of Data Mining Using LISp-Miner

The paper describes some practical aspects of using LISp-Miner for data mining. LISp-Miner is a software tool that is under development at the University of Economics, Prague. We will review the different types of knowledge patterns discovered by the system, and discuss their applicability for various data mining tasks. We also compare LISp-Miner 18.16 with Weka 3.6. 9 and Rapid Miner 5.3.
EXTENDED RELEASE QUETIAPINE FUMARATE IN MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: ANALYSIS IN PATIENTS WITH ANXIOUS DEPRESSION

A pooled analysis was performed on data from two studies evaluating the efficacy of once‐daily extended‐release quetiapine fumarate (quetiapine XR) monotherapy for patients with major depressive disorder. Through these analyses (based on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM‐D) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM‐A) measures), we aim to further evaluate the efficacy of quetiapine XR in depressed patients with high levels of anxiety symptoms.
Separate pathways for excision and processing of 16S and 23S rRNA from the primary rRNA operon transcript from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acldocaldarius: similarities to eukaryotic rRNA processing

In the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, the mature 16S and 23S rRNA are generated by processing of a 5000‐nucleotide transcript. Analysis of intermediates that accumulate in vivo indicates that the transcript contains 11 separate processing sites. The processing and maturation of 23S rRNA appears to follow the typical archaebacterial pathway, utilizing a bulge‐helix‐bulge motif within the 23S processing helix as the substrate for an excision endonuclease. The precursor 23S rRNA that is released is trimmed at its 5′ and 3′ ends to generate the mature 23S rRNA found in 50S ribosomal subunits. The pathway for processing and maturation of 16S rRNA is distinctive and does not use the bulge‐helix‐bulge motif in the 165 processing stem, instead, the transcript is cleaved at several novel positions in the 5′ leader and in the 3′ intercistronic sequence. The excised precursor 16S is trimmed at the 5′ end but an extra 60 nucieotides of what is normally spacer sequence is retained at the 3′ end. The elongated 16S rRNA is present in active 30S subunits. An in vitro processing system for the 16S rRNA has been established. The RNA substrate containing the entire 144‐nucieotide 5′ leader and the first 72 nucleotides of 16S sequence is cleaved at the same positions observed in vivo by an endonuclease activity present in cell extract. These resuits demonstrate (i) that the 16S processing helix is neither utilized nor required for leader processing, and (ii) that complete maturation to the 5′ end of 16S rRNA can occur in the absence of concomitant ribosome assembly and in the absence of all but the first 72 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA sequence. The endonuclease activity responsible for cleavage of the 5′ leader substrate is sensitive to nuclease digestion, suggesting that it contains an essential RNA component. The cleavage sites appear to be located within regions of irregular secondary structure and have a consensus sequence of GAUUCC.
A Novel SSPS Framework for String Similarity Join

As the enormous growth of information challenges the existing string analysis techniques for processing huge volume of data, there always seem to be a hope for newer inventions. Moreover, the problems encountered with the traditional methods such as low pruning power, increased false positives and poor scalability should be addressed with the appropriate solutions that cater to the need for improvement. Hence, this paper aims at proposing an improved similarity joins using SSPS MapReduce Framework that consists of a novel PSS Stemming algorithm along with three newly proposed filtering techniques such as SSize, SPositional and UI(Union –Intersection) that could effectively process large scale data by concerning the limitations of the traditional filtering methods. The experimentation shows that the framework reduces the false positives and run time cost with increased scalability than the existing frameworks.
Beta Probabilistic Databases: A Scalable Approach to Belief Updating and Parameter Learning

Tuple-independent probabilistic databases (TI-PDBs) handle uncertainty by annotating each tuple with a probability parameter; when the user submits a query, the database derives the marginal probabilities of each output-tuple, assuming input-tuples are statistically independent. While query processing in TI-PDBs has been studied extensively, limited research has been dedicated to the problems of updating or deriving the parameters from observations of query results. Addressing this problem is the main focus of this paper. We introduce Beta Probabilistic Databases (B-PDBs), a generalization of TI-PDBs designed to support both (i) belief updating and (ii) parameter learning in a principled and scalable way. The key idea of B-PDBs is to treat each parameter as a latent, Beta-distributed random variable. We show how this simple expedient enables both belief updating and parameter learning in a principled way, without imposing any burden on regular query processing. We use this model to provide the following key contributions: (i) we show how to scalably compute the posterior densities of the parameters given new evidence; (ii) we study the complexity of performing Bayesian belief updates, devising efficient algorithms for tractable classes of queries; (iii) we propose a soft-EM algorithm for computing maximum-likelihood estimates of the parameters; (iv) we show how to embed the proposed algorithms into a standard relational engine; (v) we support our conclusions with extensive experimental results.