Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The immediate lived experience of the 2004 tsunami disaster by Swedish tourists.

AIM This paper is a report of a study of the immediate lived experiences of victims and relatives of the 2004 tsunami disaster. BACKGROUND Disasters serve to remind us of our frailty and vulnerability and raise existential questions. From the perspective of caring sciences, suffering is regarded as a natural source for change in patients' understanding of the world and the meaningfulness of their lives. METHOD A phenomenological hermeneutic study was conducted, using in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of 19 informants in 2006-2007. Ricoeur's theory of interpretation served as a guiding principle for interpreting the interview texts. FINDINGS The immediate lived experiences of the tsunami survivors and their relatives revealed a comprehensive picture, described as different acts of the drama. These acts were: 'experiencing the very core of existence', 'a changed understanding of life' and 'the power of communion'. Confronting our frailty and vulnerability makes us more authentic to ourselves, to our relatives and to life itself. The first step towards progression involves an act where the suffering is seen and validated by another person. Reshaping the suffering together with the family adds a valuable dimension to life. Availability and presence by the family opened up for communion. CONCLUSION The immediate lived experiences of the tsunami disaster from an existential and ontological perspective constitute an important aspect of understanding the whole phenomenon. Concepts such as communion, understanding life and progression of suffering can help us construct an image of this previously unresearched dimension.
THE ZEROS OF QUASI-ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS 1

Received by the editors November 29, 1954 and, in revised form, February 24, 1955. 1 Presented to the Graduate School of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The basic idea used in the present proof is due to Professor I. I. Hirschman. J The first number in brackets refers to the references at the end of the paper; the remaining numbers, to the pages.
Effects of electron-attaching and electron-releasing additives on streamers in liquid cyclohexane

The effects of electron-attaching and electron-releasing additives in cyclohexane on the initiation and propagation of positive and negative streamers have been studied quantitatively. Fast impulses (<20 ns, <40 kV) were applied on a 10 mm point-to-plane gap and studied by shadowgraphic imaging and a differential charge measurement technique. The properties of both positive and negative streamers depend on the specific electronic characteristic of the additives. Electron-attaching additives facilitate the propagation of negative streamers, whereas the most effective electron-releasing additives reduce initiation voltages and facilitate the propagation of positive streamers. Depending on the reactivity and concentration of the additives, streamer filaments become thinner and fewer while propagating faster and further. The Townsend-Meek theory for streamer inception in gases has been adapted to a solution and applied to analyze the voltage dependence of the positive streamer propagation. Results show a quantitative dependency on the ionization potential and concentration in agreement with experimental trends.
Trichloroacetic acid‐induced protein precipitation involves the reversible association of a stable partially structured intermediate

Sample preparation for proteomic analysis involves precipitation of protein using 2,2,2‐trichloroacetic acid (TCA). In this study, we examine the mechanism of the TCA‐induced protein precipitation reaction. TCA‐induced protein precipitation curves are U‐shaped and the shape of the curve is observed to be independent of the physicochemical properties of proteins. TCA is significantly less effective in precipitating unfolded states of proteins. Results of the 1‐anilino‐8‐napthalene sulfonate (ANS) and size‐exclusion chromatography, obtained using acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), show that a stable “molten globule‐like” partially structured intermediate accumulates maximally in 5% (w/v) of trichloroacetate. Urea‐induced unfolding and limited proteolytic digestion data reveal that the partially structured intermediate is significantly less stable than the native conformation. 1H‐15N chemical shift perturbation data obtained using NMR spectroscopy indicate that interactions stabilizing the β‐strands at the N‐ and C‐ terminal ends (of aFGF) are disrupted in the trichloroacetate‐induced “MG‐like” state. The results of the study clearly demonstrate that TCA‐induced protein precipitation occurs due to the reversible association of the “MG‐like” partially structured intermediate state(s). In our opinion, the findings of this study provide useful clues toward development of efficient protocols for the isolation and analysis of the entire proteome.
The Prevalence of Major Depression is Not Changing

Objective: To evaluate trends in the prevalence of major depressive episodes (MDEs) in Canada during the past 2 decades using data collected in a series of national surveys. Method: MDE prevalence has been assessed in national surveys that either used a short form version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form for Major Depression (CIDI-SFMD) or an adaptation of the World Health Organization's (full-length) version, World Mental Health (WMH) CIDI. We applied meta-regression methods to adjust for instrument type while also addressing design effects in the individual data sets. Interprovincial differences that might have confounded estimation of national trends were also explored. Results: Interprovincial differences were not found to be significant, nor were time by province interactions. Estimates based on the WMH-CIDI were about 1% lower than those using the CIDI-SFMD. There was no evidence of changing prevalence over time, with slope for time, adjusted for assessment instrument, being nearly zero (β = 0.0007, P = 0.24). Conclusion: An extensive collection of surveys conducted in Canada between 1994 and 2012 provide an opportunity to examine long-term trends in the prevalence of major depression. MDE prevalence has not changed during this period of time.
A software architecture supporting self-adaptation of wireless control networks

The programming of most robotic tasks is conceptually simple, but error recovery and the handling of unexpected events add enormous complexity to the programming burden. Furthermore, software is procedural, so the handling of scenarios unanticipated by the programmer is just not possible in most programs. The objective of this paper is to describe a software architecture for self-adaptive systems that guides systems engineers to conveniently build self-adaptive systems, reducing the workload necessary to program complex tasks. To this end, the ReFrESH self-adaptive framework is designed. The primary contributions of this work are: (1) illustrating the design philosophy of the layered architecture of ReFrESH; (2) demonstrating a module programming model to support self-adaptation in ReFrESH; (3) implementing a simplified task, “line-up-blocks”, which is comprehensible, yet has sufficient complexity to present the effectiveness of programming a fault tolerant task utilizing the ReFrESH framework.
Parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) induces bone formation in phosphorylation deficient PTHR 1 knockin mice

Activation of G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRS) by agonists leads to receptor phosphorylation, internalization of ligand receptor complexes, and desensitization of hormonal response. The role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor 1, PTHR1, is well characterized and known to regulate cellular responsiveness in vitro. However, the role of PTHR1 phosphorylation in bone formation is yet to be investigated. We have previously demonstrated that impaired internalization and sustained cAMP stimulation of phosphorylation deficient (PD) PTHR1 leads to exaggerated cAMP response to subcutaneous PTH infusion in a PD knock-in mouse model. To understand the physiological role of receptor internalization on PTH bone anabolic action, we examined bone parameters of wild type (WT) and PD knock-in female and male mice following PTH treatment. We found a decrease in total and diaphyseal BMD in female but not in male pd mice compared to WT controls at 3-6 months of age. This effect was attenuated at older age groups. PTH administration displayed increased bone volume and trabecular thickness in the vertebrae and distal femora of both WT and PD animals. These results suggest that PTHR1 phosphorylation does not play a major role in the anabolic action of PTH.
Acupuncture in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip: a randomized, controlled trial with an additional nonrandomized arm.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of acupuncture in addition to routine care, compared with routine care alone, in the treatment of patients with chronic pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee or hip. METHODS In a randomized, controlled trial, patients with chronic pain due to OA of the knee or hip were randomly allocated to undergo up to 15 sessions of acupuncture in a 3-month period or to a control group receiving no acupuncture. Another group of patients who did not consent to randomization underwent acupuncture treatment. All patients were allowed to receive usual medical care in addition to the study treatment. Clinical OA severity (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) and health-related quality of life (Short Form 36) were assessed at baseline and after 3 months and 6 months. RESULTS Of 3,633 patients (mean +/- SD age 61.8 +/- 10.8 years; 61% female), 357 were randomized to the acupuncture group and 355 to the control group, and 2,921 were included in the nonrandomized acupuncture group. At 3 months, the WOMAC had improved by a mean +/- SEM of 17.6 +/- 1.0 in the acupuncture group and 0.9 +/- 1.0 in the control group (3-month scores 30.5 +/- 1.0 and 47.3 +/- 1.0, respectively [difference in improvement 16.7 +/- 1.4; P < 0.001]). Similarly, quality of life improvements were more pronounced in the acupuncture group versus the control group (P < 0.001). Treatment success was maintained through 6 months. The changes in outcome in nonrandomized patients were comparable with those in randomized patients who received acupuncture. CONCLUSION These results indicate that acupuncture plus routine care is associated with marked clinical improvement in patients with chronic OA-associated pain of the knee or hip.
MR Enteroclysis of inflammatory small-bowel diseases.

OBJECTIVE MR enteroclysis has been introduced in the workup of small-bowel diseases. The major advantage of this technique over others is the combined visualization of luminal, mural, and extramural abnormalities. In this article we propose an MR enteroclysis protocol, present a stepwise approach for evaluation of these examinations, and discuss the different inflammatory conditions that can be detected. CONCLUSION MR enteroclysis can be considered the current first-line imaging technique for inflammatory small-bowel disorders.
Effects of neurofeedback training with an electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface for hand paralysis in patients with chronic stroke: a preliminary case series study.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effectiveness of neurorehabilitative training using an electroencephalogram-based brain- computer interface for hand paralysis following stroke. DESIGN A case series study. SUBJECTS Eight outpatients with chronic stroke demonstrating moderate to severe hemiparesis. METHODS Based on analysis of volitionally decreased amplitudes of sensory motor rhythm during motor imagery involving extending the affected fingers, real-time visual feedback was provided. After successful motor imagery, a mechanical orthosis partially extended the fingers. Brain-computer interface interventions were carried out once or twice a week for a period of 4-7 months, and clinical and neurophysiological examinations pre- and post-intervention were compared. RESULTS New voluntary electromyographic activity was measured in the affected finger extensors in 4 cases who had little or no muscle activity before the training, and the other participants exhibited improvement in finger function. Significantly greater suppression of the sensory motor rhythm over both hemispheres was observed during motor imagery. Transcranial magnetic stimulation showed increased cortical excitability in the damaged hemisphere. Success rates of brain-computer interface training tended to increase as the session progressed in 4 cases. CONCLUSION Brain-computer interface training appears to have yielded some improvement in motor function and brain plasticity. Further controlled research is needed to clarify the role of the brain-computer interface system.
Systematic evaluation of underlying defects in DNA repair as an approach to case-only assessment of familial prostate cancer

Risk assessment for prostate cancer is challenging due to its genetic heterogeneity. In this study, our goal was to develop an operational framework to select and evaluate gene variants that may contribute to familial prostate cancer risk. Drawing on orthogonal sources, we developed a candidate list of genes relevant to prostate cancer, then analyzed germline exomes from 12 case-only prostate cancer patients from high-risk families to identify patterns of protein-damaging gene variants. We described an average of 5 potentially disruptive variants in each individual and annotated them in the context of public databases representing human variation. Novel damaging variants were found in several genes of relevance to prostate cancer. Almost all patients had variants associated with defects in DNA damage response. Many also had variants linked to androgen signaling. Treatment of primary T-lymphocytes from these prostate cancer patients versus controls with DNA damaging agents showed elevated levels of the DNA double strand break (DSB) marker γH2AX (p < 0.05), supporting the idea of an underlying defect in DNA repair. This work suggests the value of focusing on underlying defects in DNA damage in familial prostate cancer risk assessment and demonstrates an operational framework for exome sequencing in case-only prostate cancer genetic evaluation.
Repetitive Branch-and-Bound Using Constraint Programming for Constrained Minimum Sum-of-Squares Clustering

Minimum sum-of-squares clustering (MSSC) is a widely studied task and numerous approximate as well as a number of exact algorithms have been developed for it. Recently the interest of integrating prior knowledge in data mining has been shown, and much attention has gone into incorporating user constraints into clustering algorithms in a generic way. Exact methods for MSSC using integer linear programming or constraint programming have been shown to be able to incorporate a wide range of constraints. However, a better performing method for unconstrained exact clustering is the Repetitive Branch-and-Bound Algorithm (RBBA) algorithm. In this paper we show that both approaches can be combined. The key idea is to replace the internal branch-and-bound of RBBA by a constraint programming solver, and use it to compute tight lower and upper bounds. To achieve this, we integrate the computed bounds into the solver using a novel constraint. Our method combines the best of both worlds, and is generic as well as performing better than other exact constrained methods. Furthermore, we show that our method can be used for multi-objective MSSC clustering, including constrained multi-objective clustering.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation in Small Children:

Little data exists to support the use of procedural modifications during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in small children. A single institution database was reviewed for patients under 15 kg undergoing RFCA from January 1998 to August 2001. Of 268 RFCA procedures, 18 were done in 14 patients under 15 kg (median weight 5.7 kg, 3.5–13.7; age 5.8 months, 1.2–19.8). Six patients had normal hearts, 4 had congenital heart disease, and 4 patients had cardiomyopathy. Diagnoses were orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia (ORT) in nine patients/nine studies, chaotic atrial tachycardia (CAT) in one patient/two studies, and VT in four patients/seven studies. RFCA variables included maximum temperature (69°C, 50–78), total applications (10, 2–21), applications > 20 seconds (5, 0–15), and total application time (331 s, 26–1,006 s). Complications were pericardial effusion in 1 patient, mild mitral regurgitation in 1, and myocardial infarction in 1 patient. When indexed for weight, the number of applications with a duration > 20 seconds in the ORT group was significantly greater in complicated versus uncomplicated procedures (0.7 applications/kg vs 0.16 applications/kg, P = 0.05). In addition, for the ORT subgroup, the indexed total application time trended higher in complicated versus uncomplicated procedures (40.6 s/kg, vs 6.6 s/kg, P = 0.1). RFCA success was 9/9 in ORT, 6/7 in VT, and 0/2 in CAT. RFCA can be successful in small children; however, complications appear to be related to RF dose indexed for body size. Thus, the decision to proceed with RFCA, and the application duration and number should be guided by patient size, balanced against the risks of the arrhythmia, and reserved for dire circumstances. (PACE 2004; 27:224–229)
Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) promotes gastric cell proliferation via sPLA2-IIA

The association of perfluorodecanoicacid (PFDA) with tumor promotion and associated effects is not clear. Given that PDFA is mostly consumed with food and drinking water, we evaluated the effects of PFDA on a gastric cell line. When added to cell cultures, PFDA significantly increased growth rate and colony forming ability compared with control treatment. We found that suppression of cell senescence, but not apoptosis or autophagy was associated with PFDA-induced promotion of cell amount. To determine the molecular mechanism that was involved, DNA microarray assays was used to analyze changes in gene expression in response to PFDA treatment. Data analysis demonstrated that the vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway had the lowest p-value, with sPLA2-IIA (pla2g2a) exhibits the most altered expression pattern within the pathway. Moreover, sPLA2-IIA and its transcription factor TCF4, known as a direct target and a binding partner of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in gastric cells respectively, were the third and second most varied genes globally. Cells transfected with expression plasmids pENTER-tcf4 and pENTER-pla2g2a show reduced cell proliferation by more than 60% and 30% respectively. Knockdown with sPLA2-IIA siRNA provided additional evidence that sPLA2-IIA was a mediator of PFDA-induced cell senescence suppression. The results suggest for the first time that PFDA induced suppression of cell senescence through inhibition of sPLA2-IIA protein expression and might increased the proliferative capacity of an existing tumor.
Vocal Fold Vibrations: High‐Speed Imaging, Kymography, and Acoustic Analysis: A Preliminary Report

Objectives To evaluate a new analysis system, High‐Speed Tool Box (H. Larsson, custom‐made program for image analysis, version 1.1, Department of Logopedics and Phoniatrics, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden, 1998) for studying vocal fold vibrations using a high‐speed camera and to relate findings from these analyses to sound characteristics.
Effectiveness of Early Warming With Self-Warming Blankets on Postoperative Hypothermia in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND Hypothermia is an important complication in joint arthroplasty. Commonly, forced air warming (FAW) devices are used intraoperatively to maintain body temperature in patients undergoing surgery. However, it is believed that these convective warming systems could increase the risk of deep surgical site infections due to disruption of unidirectional downward laminar airflow. Conductive warming devices have no noticeable effect on ventilation airflow. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the self-warming (SW) blanket, a novel conductive warming device, on postoperative hypothermia in elective joint arthroplasty is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of early warming with SW blankets in the prevention of postoperative hypothermia in elective total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) compared with FAW devices. METHODS Patients who underwent elective THA or TKA between May and June 2014 were assigned in the FAW or SW group. A total of 105 patients were enrolled into the study. In the FAW group, the FAW devices were applied after disinfection of the surgical site. In the SW group, the SW blankets were already applied in the orthopaedic department. The duration of warming with SW blankets before anesthetic induction was documented. The body temperature was measured preoperatively upon arrival in the orthopaedic department and postoperatively upon arrival in the postanesthesia care unit. The patient's body temperature was measured at the tympanic membrane, and hypothermia was defined as a body temperature of less than 35.5°C. RESULTS The SW blankets were applied for a median of 86.8 minutes (78.8-94.8) before anesthetic induction. Postoperative hypothermia was observed in 15 (31.3%) and eight (14.0%) patients in the FAW group and the SW group, respectively (p = .029). The median postoperative body temperature was 35.59°C (35.44-35.74) and 35.95°C (35.83-36.06) in the FAW group and the SW group, respectively (p < .001). CONCLUSION Early warming with SW blankets was more effective than FAW devices in the prevention of postoperative hypothermia in elective THA and TKA.
On Maximum Bandwidth of Rectangular Cavity Antennas With Broadside Radiation Pattern

Physical limitations on bandwidth of aperture antennas backed by a small rectangular cavity are investigated here. To this purpose, theoretical bound on maximum bandwidth is studied using the scattering approach introduced by Gustafsson et al. As the approach was mainly applied to wire antennas and metallic scatterers, we extend it to aperture antennas and validate the formulation by comparing analytical and numerical results. We concentrate on cavities in an infinite ground plane with aperture dimensions smaller than half of the free-space wavelength.