Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antigens/allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus. Identification of antigenic components reacting with both IgG and IgE antibodies of patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Evidence that both IgE and IgG antibodies present in the sera of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis patients (ABPA) combine with several of the antigenic components of Aspergillus fumigatus has been obtained using a self-crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis test. In this test, patient's serum was used to develop its own crossed immunoprecipitation pattern to a reference antigen before proceeding to autoradiography with 125I-anti-human IgE in the usual way. Comparison of autoradiograph with immunoprecipitate showed a varied pattern of reactivity, i.e. precipitin peaks with and without associated radioactivity, as well as some peaks appearing only in the autoradiograph. Control sera, including sera from A. fumigatus skin test positive patients and a skin test negative aspergilloma patient with multiple precipitins showed no such combined activity. The specificity of the test was further demonstrated using an ABPA serum pool, both by absorbing the IgE from the serum before incorporation in the gel and also by heat inactivation (56 degrees C, 4 h) of the serum to destroy the heat labile determinants on IgE molecules, thus preventing the uptake of the anti-IgE specific for these determinants.
Evolution in fecal bacterial/viral composition in infants of two central African countries (Gabon and Republic of the Congo) during their first month of life

Few studies have analyzed the gut microbiota of child in unindustrialized countries, but none during the first month of life. Stool samples were collected from healthy newborns in hospitals of Gabon (n = 6) and Republic of the Congo (n = 9) at different time points during the first month of life: meconium, day 2 (D02), day 7 (D07) and day 28 (D28). In addition, one fecal sample was collected from each mother after delivery. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to determine the bacterial communities, and multiplex real-time PCR was used to detect the presence of seven enteric viruses (rotavirus a, adenovirus, norovirus I and II, sapovirus, astrovirus, enterovirus) in these samples. Bacterial diversity was high in the first days of life, and was dominated by the genus Prevotella. Then, it rapidly decreased and remained low up to D28 when the gut flora was composed almost exclusively of strictly anaerobic bacteria. Each infant’s fecal bacterial microbiota composition was significantly closer to that of their mother than to that of any other woman in the mothers’ group, suggesting an intrauterine, placental or amniotic fluid origin of such bacteria. Moreover, bacterial communities differed according to the delivery mode. Overall, the bacterial microbiota communities displayed a similar diversification and expansion in newborns within and between countries during the first four weeks of life. Moreover, six of the fifteen infants of this study harbored enteric viruses (rotavirus, enterovirus and adenovirus) in fecal samples, but never in the meconium. A maternal source for the viruses detected at D02 and D07 can be excluded because none of them was found also in the child’s mother. These findings improve our knowledge on the gut bacterial and viral communities of infants from two Sub-Saharan countries during their first month of life.
Measurement Uncertainty Relations for Position and Momentum: Relative Entropy Formulation

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle has recently led to general measurement uncertainty relations for quantum systems: incompatible observables can be measured jointly or in sequence only with some unavoidable approximation, which can be quantified in various ways. The relative entropy is the natural theoretical quantifier of the information loss when a `true’ probability distribution is replaced by an approximating one. In this paper, we provide a lower bound for the amount of information that is lost by replacing the distributions of the sharp position and momentum observables, as they could be obtained with two separate experiments, by the marginals of any smeared joint measurement. The bound is obtained by introducing an entropic error function, and optimizing it over a suitable class of covariant approximate joint measurements. We fully exploit two cases of target observables: (1) n-dimensional position and momentum vectors; (2) two components of position and momentum along different directions. In (1), we connect the quantum bound to the dimension n; in (2), going from parallel to orthogonal directions, we show the transition from highly incompatible observables to compatible ones. For simplicity, we develop the theory only for Gaussian states and measurements.
The Economic Design of Sporting Contests

television viewing of sports events is estimated to be 77 billion hours per year.2 One might add to this several hundreds of millions of hours spent in discussion at the water cooler. Designing an optimal contest is both a matter of significant financial concern for the organizers, participating individuals, and teams, and a matter of consuming personal interest for millions of fans. Not surprisingly, many lawyers and politicians express close interest in the way that sporting contests are run. Economists have something to offer as well. The design of a sporting contest bears a close relationship to the design of an auction. In both cases, the objective of the organizer is to elicit a contribution (a bid, an investment, or some effort) from contestants who may as a result win a prize. The analogy between an auction and a contest/tournament3 is already well known (see e.g. Arye Hillman and John Riley 1979). Given the objective function of the organizer and the
The Association between Medical Costs and Participation in the Vitality Health Promotion Program among 948,974 Members of a South African Health Insurance Company

Purpose. Examine the association between the levels of participation in an incentive-based health promotion program (Vitality) and inpatient medical claims among members of a major health insurer. Design. A 1-year, cross-sectional, correlational analyses of engagement with a health promotion program and hospital claims experience (admissions costs, days in hospital, and admission rate) of members of a national private health insurer. Setting. Adult members of South Africa's largest national private health insurer, Discovery Health. Insured members were also eligible for voluntary membership in an insurance-linked incentivized health promotion program, Vitality. Subjects. The study sample included 948,974 adult members of the Discovery Health plan for the year 2006. Of these, 591,134 (62.3%) were also members of the Vitality health promotion program. Measures. The study sample was grouped based on registration and the level of engagement with the Vitality health promotion program into the following: not registered (37.5%), registered but not engaged with any health promotion activity (21.9%), low engagement (30.9%), and high engagement (9.5%). High engagement was defined a priori by the accumulation of an arbitrary number of points on the Vitality program, allocated against specific activities (knowledge, fitness-related activities, assessment and screening, and healthy choices). Hospital admission costs, the number of days in hospital, and hospital admission rates were compared among highly engaged members and those members who were not enrolled in the program, nonengaged, and lowly engaged. Data were normalized for age, gender, plan type, and chronic disease status. Results. Highly engaged members had lower costs per patient, shorter stays in hospital, and fewer admissions compared with other groups (p < .001). Low or no engagement was not associated with lower hospital costs. Admission rates were also 7.4% lower for cardiovascular disease, 13.2% lower for cancers, and 20.7% lower for endocrine and metabolic diseases in the highly engaged group compared with any of the other groups (p < .01). Conclusions. Engagement in an incentive-based wellness program, offered by a health insurer, was associated with lower health care costs.
Biomechanical outcome of proximal femoral nail antirotation is superior to proximal femoral locking compression plate for reverse oblique intertrochanteric fractures: a biomechanical study of intertrochanteric fractures.

OBJECTIVE Reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures are a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The optimal internal fixation for repairing this type of unstable intertrochanteric fractures remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical properties in axial load and cyclical axial load of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and proximal femoral locking compression plate (PFLCP) for fixation of reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures. METHODS Sixteen embalmed cadaver femurs were sawed to simulate reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fracture and instrumented with PFNA or PFLCP. Axial loads and axial cyclic loads were applied to the femoral head by an Instron tester. If the implant-femur constructs did not fail, axial failure load was added to the remaining implant-femur constructs. RESULTS Mean axial stiffness for PFNA was 21.10% greater than that of PFLCP. Cyclic axial loading caused significantly less (p=0.022) mean irreversible deformation in PFNA (3.43 mm) than in PFLCP (4.34 mm). Significantly less (p=0.002) mean total deformation was detected in PFNA (6.16 mm) than in PFLCP (8.67 mm). CONCLUSION For fixing reverse obliquity intertrochanteric fractures, PFNA is superior to PFLCP under axial load.
The estimate method of the omission of Japanese inquiry texts using an LDA algorithm

Inquiries through web forms and emails are becoming increasingly common. These inquiry texts usually include many informal expressions, using a colloquial style more akin to spoken language, with words omitted, causing the meaning of sentences to become ambiguous and sometimes misunderstood. In this paper, we focus on the frequently omitted noun 'B' in the noun phrase 'A NO B' usually meaning B of A seen in colloquial style inquiry text and propose a method to predict the omitted noun 'B' from the context and knowledge using topic information. From the results of an evaluation experiment, we confirm that our method improved the prediction accuracy by 11.34% compared to the conventional method and predicted the omitted word with an accuracy of more than 75% using latent Dirichlet allocation LDA. Note: In this paper, italic fonts are used to express Japanese pronunciation. e.g., 'NO' expresses the pronunciation of the Japanese connective particle 'NO'.
t 4 Workshop Report * State-ofthe-Art of 3 D Cultures ( Organs-ona-Chip ) in Safety Testing and Pathophysiology

Natalie Alépée 1, Anthony Bahinski 2, Mardas Daneshian , Bart De Wever , Ellen Fritsche 5, Alan Goldberg 6, Jan Hansmann 7, Thomas Hartung 3,6, John Haycock 8, Helena T. Hogberg 6, Lisa Hoelting 9, Jens M. Kelm 10, Suzanne Kadereit 9, Emily McVey 11, Robert Landsiedel 12, Marcel Leist 3,9, Marc Lübberstedt 13, Fozia Noor 14, Christian Pellevoisin 1, Dirk Petersohn 15, Uwe Pfannenbecker 16, Kerstin Reisinger 15, Tzutzuy Ramirez 12, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser 17, Monika Schäfer-Korting 18, Katrin Zeilinger 13 and Marie-Gabriele Zurich 19,20 l’Oréal R&I, Aulnay, France; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired engineering, Harvard University, Boston, USA; Center for Alternatives to Animal testing – europe (CAAt-europe), University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; the Alexandra Association, Monaco; leibniz Research Institute for environmental Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany; Center for Alternatives to Animal testing (CAAt), Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA; Department of tissue engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany; Department of Materials Science of Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair of in vitro toxicology and Biomedicine, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; InSphero AG, Schlieren, Switzerland; Board for the Authorization of Plant Protection Products and Biocides, Wageningen, the Netherlands; BASF Se, experimental toxicology and ecology, ludwigshafen, Germany; Bioreactor Group, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative therapies (BCRt), Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany; Biochemical engineering, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany; Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Duesseldorf, Germany; Beiersdorf AG, Hamburg, Germany; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Institute for Pharmacy (Pharmacology and toxicology), Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of lausanne, lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Applied Human toxicology (SCAHt), University of lausanne, lausanne, Switzerland
Microcapsules based on glycinin–sodium dodecyl sulfate complex coacervation

Microcapsules processed by complex coacervation were prepared using hexadecane for the oil phase and glycinin (a soybean storage protein)–sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the main wall-forming material. The study underlines the essential role of SDS, which, by the way of [glycinin+-SDS−] insoluble complex formation, allowed the precipitation of proteins around oil droplets. Moreover, particular attention was attributed to the study of suitable conditions of glycinin cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The reticulation step was performed at pH 4.0 and it was observed that the precipitated state of proteins increased considerably the efficiency of the cross-linking reaction. Analysis of the reactional medium after each main step of the process (emulsification, complex coacervation, cross-linking) allowed the follow-up and characterization of microcapsule formation. Optimization of different process parameters such as glycinin concentration, glycinin/SDS/glutaraldehyde ratios, pH and the kinetics of cross-linking allowed the encapsulation of the totality of oil and the use of more than 98% of initially introduced proteins for the microcapsule wall formation.
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil of Nepeta hindostana (Roth) Haines from India

Aerial parts of Nepeta hindostana (Roth) Haines collected from Gorakhpur Division, U. P., India possessed an essential oil in 0.42% yield. GC and GC-MS analysis of the oil revealed recognition of thirty three compounds, representing 91.0% (area percent) of the total oil composition. Oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, exhibited higher percentage of (E) βfarnesene (10.4%) followed by ageratochromene (9.7%), spiro [4.5] decan-1-one, 6-hydroxy (9.5%), -caryophyllene (8.6%) and spiro [4.5] decan-6-ol, 6-methyl (8.2%). At 60 μL, oil showed 80.7% antioxidant activity by β-carotene bioassay (IC50 = 8 μL) and 73.4% by DPPH free radical scavenging bioassay (IC50 = 8.5 μL). Furthermore, the oil was tested for its antimicrobial activity in opposition to five plant and human pathogenic bacteria namely Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia herbicola, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas putida, Salmonella typhi and six post-harvest fungi such as Aspergillus flavus Link. , A. niger van Tieghem, A. ochraceus Wilhelm, A. terreus Thom, Fusarium nivale (Fries) Cesati and F. oxysporum Schlecht. The oil was found to be more efficacious for E. coli, Erw. herbicola and A. ochraceus.
Interstitial laser coagulation versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic enlargementA prospective randomized study

Objective: Interstitial laser coagulation (ILC) of the prostate is a minimally invasive method for treating symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). We performed a prospective randomized study to compare the clinical outcomes of ILC and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Material and Methods: Between December 1997 and February 2000, 38 patients with moderate‐to‐severe symptomatic BPE were included in the study. Seven were subsequently excluded due to intercurrent disease or protocol violation and the remaining 31 were randomized to either TURP (n = 11) or ILC (n = 20). A suprapubic tube was inserted in all ILC‐treated patients, and ILC was performed as an outpatient procedure when feasible. Data were recorded preoperatively and at 3‐month and 1‐year follow‐up. The assessment parameters were International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), uroflow, prostate volume determined by means of transrectal ultrasound and postvoid residue. Results: At 1‐year follow‐up, uroflowmetry indicated a more pronounced increase in peak urinary flow rate (Q max ) in the TURP patients than in the ILC subjects (p < 0.02). Differences in postvoid residue, IPSS and prostate volume between the two treatments could not be evaluated due to the small number of patients in each group. Postoperative urinary tract infections occurred in 13 ILC patients but in only one TURP subject, and catheterization was done for 24 days after ILC and for 2 days after TURP. The study was ended prematurely due to the prolonged postoperative catheterization and the high rate of urinary tract infections in the ILC patients. Conclusions: At 1‐year follow‐up, the increase in Q max was smaller in the ILC subjects than in the TURP patients. The ILC subjects had comparatively more postoperative urinary tract infections and more prolonged postoperative catheterization than the TURP patients.
Sum capacity, rate distribution and scenarios for multiuser diversity in MIMO-OFDMA

We consider an innovative downlink multiuser MIMO scheme. Several users compete for the available resources in time, frequency and space. The proposed scheme exploits multiuser diversity and uses interference cancellation at the transmitter. We evaluate it for indoor, hot spot and multihop scenarios. Significant gains in terms of sum capacity can be achieved even under line of sight conditions. The theoretical limit can be approximately achieved in most scenarios. A nice feature of the proposed scheme is that it inherently provides some fairness regarding rate distribution among users even though fairness is not explicitly taken into account by the scheduler.
Increased visual gamma power in schizoaffective bipolar disorder

Background. Electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies have identified alterations in gamma-band (30–80 Hz) cortical activity in schizophrenia and mood disorders, consistent with neural models of disturbed glutamate (and GABA) neuron influence over cortical pyramidal cells. Genetic evidence suggests specific deficits in GABA-A receptor function in schizoaffective bipolar disorder (SABP), a clinical syndrome with features of both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. This study investigated gamma oscillations in this under-researched disorder. Method. MEG was used to measure induced gamma and evoked responses to a visual grating stimulus, known to be a potent inducer of primary visual gamma oscillations, in 15 individuals with remitted SABP, defined using Research Diagnostic Criteria, and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results. Individuals with SABP demonstrated increased sustained visual cortical power in the gamma band (t 35 = −2.56, p = 0.015) compared to controls. There were no group differences in baseline gamma power, transient or sustained gamma frequency, alpha band responses or pattern onset visual-evoked responses. Conclusions. Gamma power is increased in remitted SABP, which reflects an abnormality in the cortical inhibitory-excitatory balance. Although an interaction between gamma power and medication can not be ruled out, there were no group differences in evoked responses or baseline measures. Further work is needed in other clinical populations and at-risk relatives. Pharmaco-magnetoencephalography studies will help to elucidate the specific GABA and glutamate pathways affected.
Capacity limitations in short-term memory in schizophrenia: tests of competing hypotheses

Background. Capacity limitation theories have proved to be surprisingly resilient in characterizing some of the cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. However, this perspective has not generally been applied to short-term verbal memory tasks. We explored this issue by first attempting to ascertain if gross misallocations of processing resources might explain impairments in short-term memory in schizophrenia on a classic digit span task and in a second study by attempting to determine what effects delay and memory set size had on a divided attention short-term verbal memory paradigm. Methods. In the first study 16 patients with schizophrenia and 21 normal controls received 40 trials of a three digit task and 20 trials of a six digit span task. As the absolute number of digits presented and duration of presentation in two conditions were identical, subjects thus had equivalent ‘opportunities’ to make errors if distraction, in the sense of misallocation of cognitive resources, were at the root of poor performance. In the second study 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15 normal controls were tested in conditions in which two, four or six words were presented and in which rehearsal was prevented by an interference task (colour naming) for delays of 5, 10 or 15 s. Results. Patients had disproportionate difficulty on the six digit rather than the three digit condition, suggesting that deficits in the verbal working memory short-term store may not be the result of attentional factors. In the second study, patients' performance was differentially worsened by the interference task, by memory set size (i.e. a capacity limitation) and by delay, a measure of decay rate. Conclusions. In concert, these studies demonstrate that schizophrenia patients have difficulties on verbal short-term memory span tasks not because of misallocation of resources, but rather because of limitations in ‘representational capacity’ and maintenance of information over delays.
Surface-Wave and Superdirectivity Aspects of Effective Current for Linear Antennas

Previous papers have defined the concept of effective current for linear antennas as a method of postprocessing the unphysical solutions obtained by applying discretization (Galerkin) methods to the usual integral equations that employ the “approximate” or “reduced” kernel. Such an unphysical solution can be thought of as an auxiliary, rapidly oscillating current located on the axis of the linear antenna, while the effective current is the magnetic field due to the oscillating current at a distance equal to the antenna radius (multiplied by a factor equal to the antenna circumference). In the present paper, we focus on the rapid decrease of the aforementioned magnetic field and point out similarities to surface waves, to the well-known phenomenon of superdirectivity, and to the method of auxiliary sources (MAS). Our study sheds light on the unusual nature of electromagnetic waves generated by currents with very rapid spatial variations. Subject to the condition that the discretization is fine, we treat th.