Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitions, behaviours and co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome

Background Specific cognitions and behaviours are hypothesized to be important in maintaining chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Previous research has shown that a substantial proportion of CFS patients have co-morbid anxiety and/or depression. This study aims to measure the prevalence of specific cognitions and behaviours in patients with CFS and to determine their association with co-morbid anxiety or depression disorders. Method A total of 640 patients meeting Oxford criteria for CFS were recruited into a treatment trial (i.e. the PACE trial). Measures analysed were: the Cognitive Behavioural Response Questionnaire, the Chalder Fatigue Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Anxiety and depression diagnoses were from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to explore the associations between cognitive-behavioural factors in patients with and without co-morbid anxiety and/or depression. Results Of the total sample, 54% had a diagnosis of CFS and no depression or anxiety disorder, 14% had CFS and one anxiety disorder, 14% had CFS and depressive disorder and 18% had CFS and both depression and anxiety disorders. Cognitive and behavioural factors were associated with co-morbid diagnoses; however, some of the mean differences between groups were small. Beliefs about damage and symptom focussing were more frequent in patients with anxiety disorders while embarrassment and behavioural avoidance were more common in patients with depressive disorder. Conclusions Cognitions and behaviours hypothesized to perpetuate CFS differed in patients with concomitant depression and anxiety. Cognitive behavioural treatments should be tailored appropriately.
Dynamic background modeling based on radial basis function neural networks for moving object detection

Motion detection, the process which segments moving objects in video streams, is the first critical process of the automatic video surveillance system. However, the accuracy of this significant process is usually reduced by the dynamic scenes, which are commonly encountered in both indoor and outdoor situations. In this paper, the accurate motion detection is achieved by the proposed method based on a radial basis function neural network. Our method involves a multi-background generation module and a moving object detection module. In the first module, the flexible multi-background model is generated by an unsupervised learning process to fulfil the property of either dynamic or static backgrounds. Next, the moving object detection module computes the binary object detection mask as the final result through the applied suitable threshold value. The detection results of our proposed method were compared with other state-of-the-art methods through qualitative visual inspection and quantitative estimation. The overall results show that the proposed method substantially outperforms existing methods by Similarity and F1 accuracy rates of up to 82.08% and 86.75%, respectively.
Integarted weed management in onion (Allium cepa)

An integrated weed management study on onion (Allium cepa L.) was conducted in two consecutive kharif sea- sons of years 2010 and 2011 in a randomized block design with 9 treatments, having combinations of hand weed- ing with application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha pre-plant incorporation (PPI) and oxyfluorfen @ 0.250 kg/ha post-emergence (PoE). Weed management with three hand weedings (HW) at 20, 40 and 60 DAT recorded sig- nificantly lowest weed density, dry weight of weeds and higher weed control efficiency and maximum in all the growth and yield attributes of onion viz. plant height, neck thickness, bulb weight, bulb diameter and bulb yield. Highest net monetary returns ( 110.3 103/ha) and B:C ratio (2.76) were obtained with the application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg/ha (PPI) + oxyfluorfen @ 0.250 kg/ha (PoE) + One hand wedding at 40 DAT, which was found practically more convenient and economically feasible weed management method in onion.
MRAC base robust RST control scheme for the application of UAV

A hybrid control scheme is proposed in this paper to achieve the desired (position and altitude) tracking response of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The tri-rotor-based aircraft is selected to perform the simulations considering that the dynamic model of the UAV is already unstable, under-actuated and nonlinear in behaviour. The designed control scheme is used to produce the rotational velocities of UAV which are consequently handled by the hybrid controller. The hybrid controller consists of model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with regulation, pole-placement and tracking (RST) controller and the entire system stability is dealt with by MIT rules. The presented control scheme is tested via computer-based simulations to follow the desired position and attitude of UAV. The efficiency of the proposed scheme is compared with MRAC-based MIT rule and its validity is further checked with MRAC-based Lyapunov rule. The results show that the presented hybrid controller exhibits robustness, fast error convergence and a zero steady state error in the existence of model uncertainties and disturbances.
Association between Diverticular Disease and Pre-Neoplastic Colorectal Lesions in an Urban African-American Population

Background: It is unclear whether there is a shared pathway in the development of diverticular disease (DD) and potentially neoplastic colorectal lesions since both diseases are found in similar age groups and populations. Aim: To determine the association between DD and colorectal pre-neoplastic lesions in an African-American urban population. Methods: Data from 1986 patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Howard University Hospital from January 2012 through December 2012 were analyzed for this study. The presence of diverticula and polyps was recorded using colonoscopy reports. Polyps were further classified into adenoma or hyperplastic polyp based on histopathology reports. Multiple logistic regression was done to analyze the association between DD and colonic lesions. Results: Of the 1986 study subjects, 1,119 (56%) were females, 35% had DD and 56% had at least one polyp. There was a higher prevalence of polyps (70 vs. 49%; OR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.9-2.8) and adenoma (43 vs. 25%; OR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.7-2.5) in the diverticular vs. non-diverticula patients. Among patients who underwent screening colonoscopy, the presence of diverticulosis was associated with increased odds of associated polyps (OR = 9.9; 95% CI: 5.4-16.8) and adenoma (OR = 5.1; 95% CI: 3.4-7.8). Conclusion: Patients with DD are more likely to harbor colorectal lesions. These findings call for more vigilance on the part of endoscopists during colonoscopy in patients known to harbor colonic diverticula.
Resource Bargaining and Gender Display in Housework and Care Work in Modern China

Abstract This paper analyses data from the Chinese Women’s Status Survey 2010 to investigate how dual-earning couples allocate routine housework, nonroutine housework, and care work between spouses based on their relative income and working time. Women spend more time on housework and take on a higher amount of routine domestic work (e.g., cooking and cleaning) and care work (e.g., childcare). Men share a higher proportion of nonroutine domestic work (e.g., home repairs). Routine housework is negatively associated with one’s relative contribution to family income and working time. For both men and women living in rural areas, however, relative income forms a curvilinear relationship with routine housework and total housework time. Relative income and working time, however, are poor predictors in the gender division of nonroutine housework. Furthermore, they have more complex patterns of association with care work. The results suggest that gender ideology interacts with resource factors in multiple ways to influence the domestic division of labor in China.
A Panel Data Analysis of the Effects of Constitutional Environmental Rights Provisions on Access to Improved Sanitation Facilities and Water Sources

Using novel panel data on constitutional environmental rights (CER) for 190 countries from 1990-2012, this paper questions if the presence/language of CER provisions provides increased access to improved sanitation facilities and drinking water sources. While implementing statutory laws/regulations derived from CER provisions is a dynamic process, the presence/language of CER provisions is temporally fixed. To capture these dynamics, the presence of a CER and a measure of its legal strength are interacted with its age as explanatory variables within a fixed effects framework yielding evidence of: (1) no association between the CER measures and access to improved sanitation facilities; (2) a positive statistically significant association between ageing CER provisions and access to improved water sources; and (3) a positive but weakly statistically significant association between the legal strength of ageing CER provisions and access to improved water sources, which is improved upon for countries with British vs. French legal origins.
Biliary atresia: evaluation on two distinct periods at a reference pediatric service.

CONTEXT Biliary atresia is a progressive, idiopathic, fibro-obliterative disease of the extrahepatic biliary tree that presents with biliary obstruction exclusively in the neonatal period. OBJECTIVES To assess the differences regarding age at referral, age at surgery, duration of propaedeutics and waiting time for surgery between two groups of infants in different periods. METHODS Retrospective study of infants diagnosed with biliary atresia on two periods: 1983-1993 and 1998-2011. RESULTS Biliary atresia was diagnosed in 129 infants, being 48 in casuistic I and 81 in casuistic II. The median age at admission was 94 and 60 days, respectively (P = 0.0001). On evaluating patients who had undergone portoenterostomy before 120 days of age, no difference was observed regarding the duration of propaedeutics or waiting time for surgery (P = 0.15), but difference was found when comparing the age at surgery (P = 0.002). Among those infants with no biliary flow and without liver transplantation or death after 18 post-operative months, the estimated probability of survival was 44.6% and 38.7% in casuistics I and II, respectively. In casuistic I, all infants who showed biliary flow were alive during the observation period and, in casuistic II, 80.3% were alive after 7 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Even though patients were admitted and treated earlier, it is clear that surgery could be done sooner. Delay in referral and timely propaedeutics were the main contributors.
Valuation of Basket Credit Derivatives in Structural Jump-Diusion Models

We consider a multi-dimensional structural credit model, where each company’s asset value follows a jump-diusion process, and is connected with other companies via global factors. Based on ideas in [5], where the joint density of a portfolio is evolved in a large basket approximation, we develop an algorithm for the ecient estimation of CDO index and tranche spreads, based on a semi-analytic solution of the resulting SPDE in combination with nite dierences. We verify the validity of this approximation numerically by comparison to results obtained by direct Monte Carlo simulation of the basket constituents. A calibration exercise demonstrates that the model is exible enough to match CDO spreads from pre-crisis and crisis periods, giving estimated parameters with economically convincing values. We suggest extensions for the use of the model in practice.
Defect repair in the rat mandible with bone morphogenic proteins and marrow cells.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability of a bone growth factor mixture and bone marrow cells to repair a critical size defect of the rat mandibular body. DESIGN Prospective, randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS Thirty-seven male Fischer rats. INTERVENTIONS Critical size defects 4 mm in diameter were created in the left mandibular bodies of the rats. The defects were filled with a bone marrow cell suspension (group 1), a synthetic bone matrix consisting of bovine collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite cement (group 2), the matrix and marrow cells (group 3), the matrix with 100 micro g of bone growth factor mixture (group 4), or the matrix with bone growth factor mixture and marrow cells (group 5). Animals were killed after 8 weeks, and the nondemineralized specimens were processed histologically. Specimens from group 1 were not processed because there was no grossly appreciable bone regeneration. Stereologic techniques were used to determine and compare the volume fractions and volume estimates of mature bone, new bone, osteoid, marrow, remaining cement, and fibrous tissue in each defect. RESULTS Volumes of mature bone, new bone, and remaining cement did not differ significantly among the groups (P =.30 for mature bone, P =.17 for new bone, and P =.34 for cement). However, group 4 and 5 specimens contained significantly more osteoid and larger marrow spaces than did the group 2 and 3 specimens (P<.001 for both). The specimens in groups 2 and 3 contained significantly more fibrous tissue ingrowth than did those in groups 4 and 5 (P<.001). CONCLUSION The synthetic bone substitute containing bone growth factor mixture was effective in stimulating new bone and osteoid development in the rat mandibular model.
Comparison of Modified Celsior Solution and M-Kyoto Solution for Pancreas Preservation in Human Islet Isolation.

Since the successful demonstration of the Edmonton protocol, islet transplantation has advanced significantly on several fronts, including improved pancreas preservation systems. In this study, we evaluated two different types of organ preservation solutions for human islet isolation. Modified Celsior (Celsior solution with hydroxyethyl starch and nafamostat mesilate; HNC) solution and modified Kyoto (MK) solution were compared for pancreas preservation prior to islet isolation. Islet yield after purification was significantly higher in the MK group than in the HNC group (MK = 6186 ± 985 IE/g; HNC = 3091 ± 344 IE/g). The HNC group had a longer phase I period (digestion time), a higher volume of undigested tissue, and a higher percentage of embedded islets, suggesting that the solution may inhibit collagenase. However, there was no significant difference in ATP content in the pancreata or in the attainability of posttransplant normoglycemia in diabetic nude mice between the two groups, suggesting that the quality of islets was similar among the two groups. In conclusion, MK solution is better for pancreas preservation before islet isolation than HNC solution due to the higher percentage of islets that can be isolated from the donor pancreas. MK solution should be the solution of choice among the commercially available solutions for pancreatic islet isolation leading to transplantation.
Oral supplementation of lutein/zeaxanthin and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in persons aged 60 years or older, with or without AMD.

PURPOSE Increased dietary intake of lutein/zeaxanthin and omega-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFA) was found to be associated with reduced risk of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 LCPUFA on changes in serum levels of lutein/zeaxanthin during supplementation in persons 60 years of age and older, with or without AMD. METHODS Forty participants with AMD of various degrees of severity received lutein (10 mg) and zeaxanthin (2 mg) daily and were equally randomized to receive omega-3 LCPUFA (350 mg docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] and 650 mg eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) or placebo for 6 months. Serum levels of lutein, zeaxanthin, and omega-3 LCPUFAs and macular pigment optical densities were measured at baseline, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months. RESULTS By month 6, the median serum levels of lutein/zeaxanthin increased by two- to threefold compared with baseline. Increases in serum levels of lutein/zeaxanthin did not differ by omega-3 LCPUFA treatment (P > 0.5). After 1 month, in the omega-3 LCPUFA-treated group, the median levels of DHA and EPA increased and the placebo group had no changes. At month 6, participants with AMD had a lower increase in serum lutein concentration than did those without AMD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The addition of omega-3 LCPUFA to oral supplementation of lutein/zeaxanthin did not change the serum levels of lutein and zeaxanthin. A long-term large clinical trial is necessary to investigate the benefits and adverse effects of these factors for the treatment of AMD.
Hormonal therapy of metastatic female breast carcinoma. II. 2α‐methyl dihydrotestosterone propionate

NDROGENS are effective in palliating metaA static female breast carcinoma. Testosterone propionate is the most effective androgen currently available and results in approximately 20% objective remissions of the disease. I n an attempt to find hormone preparations that are better than testosterone propionate, a co-operative study among 30 institutions has been sponsored by the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center, of the National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service. The present study irs the second phase of this project a t the Yale TJniversity School of Medicine3 and was designed to compare a variation of testosterone-Za-methyl dihydrotestosterone propionate with the parent compound. The structure of this cornpound is as follows:
Efficacy of Laser Photobiomodulation on Morphological and Functional Repair of the Facial Nerve.

OBJECTIVE Evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on qualitative, quantitative, and functional aspects in the facial nerve regeneration process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two male Wistar rats were used, randomly divided into a control group (CG; n = 10), in which the facial nerve without lesion was collected, and four experimental groups: (1) suture experimental group (SEG) and (2) fibrin experimental group (FEG), consisting of 16 animals in which the buccal branch of the facial nerve was sectioned on both sides of the face; an end-to-end epineural suture was performed on the right side, and a fibrin sealant was used on the left side for coaptation of the stumps; and (3) laser suture experimental group (LSEG) and (4) laser fibrin experimental group (LFEG), consisting of 16 animals that underwent the same surgical procedures as SEG and FEG with the addition of laser application at three different points along the surgical site (pulsed laser of 830 nm wavelength, optical output power of 30 mW, power density of 0.2586 W/cm2, energy density of 6.2 J/cm2, beam area of 0.116 cm2, exposure time of 24 sec per point, total energy per session of 2.16 J, and cumulative dose of 34.56 J). The animals were submitted to functional analysis (subjective observation of whisker movement) and the data obtained were compared using Fisher's exact test. Euthanasia was performed at 5 and 10 weeks postoperative. The total number and density of regenerated axons were analyzed using the unpaired t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Laser therapy resulted in a significant increase in the number and density of regenerated axons. The LSEG and LFEG presented better scores in functional analysis in comparison with the SEG and FEG. CONCLUSIONS LLLT enhanced axonal regeneration and accelerated functional recovery of the whiskers, and both repair techniques allowed the growth of axons.
Economic Globalisation, the Perceived Room to Manoeuvre of National Governments, and Electoral Participation: Evidence from the 2001 British General Election

Recent macro-level research argues that economic globalisation negatively affects electoral turnout by constraining the leeway of national governments and thereby rendering elections less meaningful to voters. This article analyses the link between perceptions of the national government's room to manoeuvre and turnout on the individual level. Drawing on the 2001 British General Election, it is shown that citizens who believe that economic globalisation leaves the national government with less influence on the economy are less likely to report to have voted. Further findings also support the proposed theoretical model according to which room to manoeuvre perceptions affect turnout via views on the importance of elections and matter specifically for citizens that tend towards the left side of the left-right scale.
Complete reconstitution of human IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex in yeast. Assessment of its stoichiometry and the role of IKKgamma on the complex activity in the absence of stimulation.

The IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of two catalytic subunits (IKKalpha and IKKbeta) and a regulatory subunit (IKKgamma), is the key enzyme in activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB). To study the mechanism and structure of the complex, we wanted to recombinantly express IKK in a model organism that lacks IKK. For this purpose, we have recombinantly reconstituted all three subunits together in yeast and have found that it is biochemically similar to IKK isolated from human cells. We show that there is one regulatory subunit per kinase subunit. Thus, the core subunit composition of IKKalpha.beta. gamma complex is alpha(1)beta(1)gamma(2), and the core subunit composition of IKKbeta.gamma is beta(2)gamma(2). The activity of the IKK complex (alpha+beta+gamma or beta+gamma) expressed in yeast (which lack NF-kappaB and IKK) is 4-5-fold higher than an equivalent amount of IKK from nonstimulated HeLa cells. In the absence of IKKgamma, IKKbeta shows a level of activity similar to that of IKK from nonstimulated HeLa cells. Thus, IKKgamma activates IKK complex in the absence of upstream stimuli. Deleting the gamma binding domain of IKKbeta or IKKalpha prevented IKKgamma induced activation of IKK complex in yeast, but it did not prevent the incorporation of IKKgamma into IKK and large complex formation. The possibility of IKK complex being under negative control in mammalian cells is discussed.
Notice of RetractionParameter Estimation Method for Periodical Gene Identification

Periodic biological processes such as cell-cycle division are widely studied at molecular level. Time-course gene expression profiles associated with those periodic biological processes appears periodic. Identifying periodically expressed gene from their time-course expression data could help under stand the molecular mechanism of those biological processes. This paper, a periodical gene expression profile is modeled by a linear combination of trigonometric sine and cosine functions in time plus a Gaussian noise term. A two-step parameter estimation method is employed for estimating parameters in the model. On the other hand, non-periodical gene expression profiles are model by a constant plus a Gaussian noise term. The statistical F testing is used to make a decision if a gene is periodically expressed or not. One synthetic dataset and two biological datasets were employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively identify.