Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Doppler spectra to evaluate stratocumulus drizzle size distributions 1 in large-eddy simulations with size-resolved microphysics 2 3 4

Notice: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. with the U.S. Department of Energy. The publisher by accepting the manuscript for publication acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. ENVIRONMENTAL & CLIMATE SCIENCES
The Growth of Firms in Theory and in Practice

This paper is a reflective survey of past and recent econometric work on the growth of firms. Most of this work suggests that firm size follows a random walk; i.e. that corporate growth rates are random. The survey documents this, and shows what a strong result this is by contrasting it with several alternative (and rather obvious) models which might be used to explain corporate growth rates but which are basically inconsistent with the data. The survey also discusses complementary evidence on corporate innovation rates and adjustment costs in investment/employment decisions which is consistent with (and therefore provide some support for) these results. This particular result is striking for a number of reasons, not least because it is basically inconsistent with most theories of the growth of firms which have be developed over the years. It is also inconsistent with the recently fashionable resource based theory of the firm. The second half of this essay identified how and why these theories of growth seem to be inconsistent with the data.
Study on DSP-based PLL-controlled superaudio induction heating power supply simulation

Main different characteristics between both series and parallel inverters are compared. The operating principle of series resonant inverter is analyzed. The Matlab 6.5 is used as simulation tool to establish the simulation model of the inverter and control system. The DSP-based PLL-controlled closed loop system is designed, and the system stability is analyzed by Jury's stability test, which may be beneficial to the researcher engaging in relevant inverters.
Sustaining Client Relationships in the Contract Manufacturer Own-Brand Building Process: The Case of a Smartphone Firm

Whereas maintaining buyer–supplier relationships has been widely discussed in the literature, sustaining relationships with clients (buyers) while contract manufacturers (suppliers) pursue own-brand building has been relatively unexplored. This in-depth case study shows how an electronics contract manufacturer sustained its client relationships while building its own brand. The research framework consists of two subprocesses: competence leveraging and competence building. We argue that some of the strategies involved in these two processes can explain how a contract manufacturer can succeed in maintaining client relationships while pursuing own-brand building.
IP based network controlled handover management in WLAN access networks

The purpose of this article is to present the different approaches for mobility management within all-IP cellular access networks based on wireless LAN (WLAN) technologies and to propose an innovative approach where handover is controlled by the network which provides target attachment point selection during handovers. This article describes mobility features supported by emerging WLAN technologies as well as mobile IP protocol and enhancements considered in IETF for improving local mobility and handover speed. By analysing the limitations of current mobility management approaches for IP radio access networks based on WLAN technologies, it introduces motivations for a network-controlled mobility management solution consisting of the close integration of WLAN and IP mobility features. Finally, it proposes that such a network-controlled approach can be developed as an extension to the existing hierarchical mobile IPv6 protocol, relying on the implementation of a new network function dedicated to the control of user terminal mobility. This proposal has been validated in a complete test platform and the given experimental and simulation results confirm the gain of such a mobility management in terms of handover efficiency as delays are reduced to a value closed to the radio layer one.
Contingent Valuation of Time Spent on NHS Waiting Lists

This paper derives estimates of the consumer-bourne costs of waiting lists for nonurgent medical care. The methodology used is contingent valuation. The paper examines the use of this methodology and presents the experimental context and the estimates derived. The estimates indicate the average valuation of a month spent on a waiting list for nonurgent care is approximately 40 pounds, but also show that there exist significant interpersonal differences in valuations. Copyright 1990 by Royal Economic Society.
Information content of Canadian oil and gas companies' historic cost earnings and reserves disclosures*

The purpose of this paper is to determine which of three alternative annual report disclosures of oil and gas reserves, namely historic capitalized costs, quantities, or discounted cash flows, contributes information content incremental to that provided by earnings per share. Information content is defined as the ability of a reserves disclosure to account for changes in common stock prices. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the extent to which each of the three alternative reserves disclosures account for common stock returns after first recognizing the information provided by an earnings per share variable. The annual reports of 67 Canadian oil and gas exploration and development corporations were used to gather the data for each of the years 1983 to 1987. The results indicate that the earnings per share provides some significant evidence of information content. The capitalized costs disclosure, the quantities disclosure, and the discounted cash flows disclosure provide significant evidence of incremental information content in a pooled analysis of the five-year period; however, the results for any one disclosure method are not consistent throughout the analyses of each of the five years.
IPO Pricing in “Hot” Market Conditions: Who Leaves Money on the Table?

This paper explores the impact of investor sentiment on the pricing and aftermarket behavior of IPOs. Using a model in which the aftermarket price of IPO shares depends on the information about the intrinsic value of the company and investor sentiment, I show that IPOs can be overpriced, and still exhibit positive initial return. The predictions of the model are supported by a sample of recent French offerings, in which a fraction of the shares was reserved for individual investors. Individual investors' demand is positively related to market conditions. Moreover, large individual investors' demand leads to high IPO prices, large initial returns, and poor long-run performance.
Molecular dynamics study of flow at a fluid-wall interface.

A novel wall model, including inelastic fluid-wall collisions, molecular structure of the wall, and a long-ranged fluid-wall interaction, is used in molecular dynamics simulations of flow in two dimensions. For strong fluid-wall attraction the fluid velocity goes smoothly to zero at the wall; there is no velocity slip. In less dense fluids the velocity drops to zero in an ever-narrower region. Our results differ from standard kinetic theory but agree with Eu's theory. The nature of the fluid-wall interaction is important; repulsive walls give velocity slip
The Kurdish Question in Turkey

In his book on the co-existence of cultures in the Near East, Charles Issawi (1998) states that during Roman times, Beirut had the leading law school in the Roman Empire, while one of the most efficient and rigorously planned economic systems in history was set up in Egypt and Jews were among the prime admirers and cultivators of the GrecoRoman culture (pp.7-9). Similarly, historian Arnold Toynbee’s texts
A License to Survive? The Influence of Master Certificates on the Survival Chances of Organizations

We contribute to research on the influence of certificates as a source of reputation on the survival chances of organizations by focusing on craft enterprises in Germany that can be distinguished by having or not having a master certificate. Analyzing the survival chances of 19,984 small- and medium-sized craft organizations between 1990 and 2003, we show that such certificates increase the survival chances of organizations. However, the positive influence of certificates decreases with the age of an organization. Moreover, enterprises without certificates show even better survival chances in the long run.
Allometric and phylogenetic variation in insect phosphorus content

Summary 1 Phosphorus content was measured in adult insects and arachnids from 170 species collected in the Sonoran Desert. 2 Across insect body sizes spanning four orders of magnitude, phosphorus content was inversely related to body mass. The largest species (∼1 g dry) had phosphorus contents that were only about 60% (0·62% P absolute) as high as phosphorus contents of the smallest species (∼0·0001 g dry; 0·97% P). Negative phosphorus allometry was observed within each of seven insect orders and within arachnids. 3 Phosphorus contents of insect predators and herbivores were statistically indistinguishable. 4 More recently derived orders tended to have lower phosphorus contents – with the exception of the most recently derived group (Panorpida = Diptera + Lepidoptera), which had high phosphorus contents.
Family Business Research in the New Millennium

The authors' analysis of 291 family business articles published in 30 management journals between 2001 and 2007 reports the contributions of individual scholars and academic institutions to family business research. To better understand the interrelationships among scholars who have contributed to family business research, a network analysis of coauthor relationships was conducted. The authors also provide a content analysis of the articles and offer suggestions for future research. By analyzing the who, where, and what of family business research, the reasons why the developmental trends have occurred and how the field's momentum can be maintained and directed toward productive ends become clearer.
RLCF: A collaborative filtering approach based on reinforcement learning with sequential ratings

AbstractWe present a novel approach for collaborative filtering, RLCF, that considers the dynamics of user ratings. RLCF is based on reinforcement learning applied to the sequence of ratings. First, we formalize the collaborative filtering problem as a Markov Decision Process. Then, we learn the connection between the temporal sequences of user ratings using Q-learning. Experiments demonstrate the feasibility of our approach and a tight relationship between the past and the current ratings. We also suggest an ensemble learning in RLCF and demonstrate its improved performance.
Digital Citizenship and Web 2.0 Tools

This concept paper explores citizenship in a digital age. The potential of Web 2.0 tools highlights the importance of educational institutions’ consideration of the use of these tools in school settings to promote citizenship at a time when students are already exposed to powerful online communication platforms. First, a description of three Web 2.0 tools, blogs, wikis, and online social networks, is provided. This is followed by an exploration of digital citizenship. Then, several cases in recent history where Web 2.0 tools played an important part in promoting democracy and social justice are examined. Finally, using a lens of digital citizenship, several instructional suggestions are provided for educators to help students experience and understand multiple layers of citizenship in a 21 st century technological landscape.
The impact of innovation management techniques on product innovation performance: An empirical study

New product development (NPD) is a great challenge for manufacturers. However, empirical research on the impact of innovation management techniques (IMT) on innovation performance is seldom reported. An industrial survey is therefore conducted to verify the perceived usefulness of 41 IMT and their impact on innovation performance in Hong Kong electronics and electrical appliances industry. After 153 out of 527 manufacturers were surveyed and their data analyzed, the results show that 39 IMT are positively related to new product performance. However, only 8 out of them are positively related to new products in the product categories, whereas only 10 related to sales due to new products. The findings of this study give insights on the implementation of IMT to improve firm performance.
Income Growth and Revolutions

type="main"> This article investigates whether economic growth and income level affect revolution attempts and successful revolutions. The article conducts a statistical analysis, mainly using panel data logit models, on a data set including 150 countries with time series from 1919 to 2003. Low short-term growth increases probabilities of both attempted and successful revolutions. There is some evidence that higher income levels mitigate revolution attempts, but this is not robust and further analysis indicates that any association may stem from oil income more specifically. There is no net effect of income level on successful revolution, but high income seemingly reduces probability of successful revolution more in democracies than in dictatorships. Although revolutions occur more frequently after “J curves” and “decremental deprivation patterns,” this is largely due to economic crises and not the more complex growth patterns as hypothesized by, respectively, Davies and Gurr. Low short-term economic growth induces revolutions, whereas the impact of income level is less clear and seemingly contingent on factors such as regime type and source of income.
The Matrix Format Income Statement: A Case Study about Earnings Management and Reporting Financial Performance

The Matrix Format Income Statement case study allows you to explore the issue of earnings management and its impact on the transparency and understandability of reported financial results. Part A of the case demonstrates the impact of a commonly used accounting treatment for available‐for‐sale investments (presentation in the statement of changes in equity and recycling of fair value changes) on users' ability to extract decision‐useful information. Part B investigates the effect on transparency and understandability of the same financial information when a different presentation and measurement approach, known as the matrix format income statement, is used.
Investor sentiment and value and growth stock index options

The paper examines the relationship between both individual and institutional investor sentiment measures and the risk-neutral skewness (RNS) of seven stock index options comprising either growth or value stocks. It provides novel evidence that growth index option prices are affected by sentiment measures. The regression results indicate a significantly positive relationship between sentiment measures and the RNS estimated from four growth index options and a negative relationship with two value index options. The results are economically significant since an associated long–short trading strategy yields high abnormal returns with a Sharpe ratio of up to 1.1 and zero exposure to systematic risk. These high abnormal returns provide evidence of a value premium type anomaly in the index options markets.
18F-Fluoromisonidazole in tumor hypoxia imaging

Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that is closely associated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy resistance, metastasis and tumors prognosis. Thus, it is important to assess hypoxia in tumors for estimating prognosis and selecting appropriate treatment procedures. 18F-Fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography (18F-FMISO PET) has been widely used to visualize tumor hypoxia in a comprehensive and noninvasive way, both in the clinical and preclinical settings. Here we review the concept, mechanisms and detection methods of tumor hypoxia. Furthermore, we discuss the correlation between 18F-FMISO PET and other detection methods, current applications of 18F-FMISO PET and the development prospects of this imaging technology.
Attitudes towards knowledge transfer in an environment to perform

Purpose – This paper seeks to determine attitudes that impact on knowledge transfer between academics (university teaching and research staff) employed in today's competitive, technology‐based university setting.Design/methodology/approach – The study generated a rich set of data by conducting, first, an exploratory, qualitative study followed by a confirmatory, quantitative study. Through this process, an initial list of 402 attitudes to knowledge transfer was derived which was narrowed to 75 for the quantitative survey which, through factor analysis, was further reduced to 24 variables. The 24 variables were grouped into four factors for which trust and motivation are more relevant to the knowledge provider and absorptive capacity and knowledge regeneration for the receiver.Findings – High levels of agreement were found for the propositions that senior academics lacked compensation for mentoring activities, and hence, the motivation to transfer knowledge, and that a heavy teaching load prevented the abs.
ENDOGENOUS TRADE POLICY: A TIME‐SERIES APPROACH*

This paper provides a time-series analysis on the relationship between the extent of endogenous trade policy and both political and economic variables. The chosen trade policy indicator is the number of foreign-trade regulations passed each year for the benefit of a single firm or industry. The data are from Uruguay, 1925-1983. This country, which experienced an impressive economic decline, is an outstanding example of the rent-seeking society. The paper shows that endogenous regulations increased with discretionary policies, with adverse macroeconomic shocks and under dictatorship. It also shows that these regulations had a negative long-run effect on the growth rates of output and exports. The short-run effect was positive however. Copyright 1994 Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
4-Phenethoxyaniline hemihydrate

The crystal structure of the title compound, C14H15NO·0.5H2O, features N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds between the amino group and water molecule of crystallization, which generate a chain along the c axis. The water molecule lies on a twofold rotation axis. A C—H⋯π interaction is observed between the phenyl and aniline rings. The angle between the mean planes of the phenyl rings is 72.51 (7)°.
Ascariasis of the alimentary tract, liver, pancreas and biliary system: its diagnosis by ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The purpose of this study was to describe the echographic features of Ascaris lumbricoides invasion of the alimentary tract, biliary system, liver and pancreas. METHODOLOGY We studied 38 patients with roundworm heavy infection whose diagnosis were primarily supported by ultrasonographic examination. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were admitted with the following clinical complications: bowel obstruction, intra and extrahepatic dilatation, acute cholecystitis, intrahepatic abscess, acute appendicitis, subphrenic collection and acute pancreatitis. Ultrasound scanning was able to recognize in 30 cases the echogenic, nonshadowing images of the worms as single or multiple strips; in 8 cases, coiled structures and amorphous material were detected. The "inner tube" sign was considered as the most specific one. In two cases the roundworms were displayed within the stomach, a curious finding, up to now never reported in medical literature. CONCLUSIONS Real-time sonography represents an efficient, reliable and non-invasive diagnostic approach for hepatobiliary, enteric and pancreatic ascariasis.
Model quality assessment for membrane proteins

MOTIVATION Learning-based model quality assessment programs have been quite successful at discriminating between high- and low-quality protein structures. Here, we show that it is possible to improve this performance significantly by restricting the learning space to a specific context, in this case membrane proteins. Since these are among the most important structures from a pharmaceutical point-of-view, it is particularly interesting to resolve local model quality for regions corresponding, e.g. to binding sites. RESULTS Our new ProQM method uses a support vector machine with a combination of general and membrane protein-specific features. For the transmembrane region, ProQM clearly outperforms all methods developed for generic proteins, and it does so while maintaining performance for extra-membrane domains; in this region it is only matched by ProQres. The predictor is shown to accurately predict quality both on the global and local level when applied to GPCR models, and clearly outperforms consensus-based scoring. Finally, the combination of ProQM and the Rosetta low-resolution energy function achieve a 7-fold enrichment in selection of near-native structural models, at very limited computational cost. AVAILABILITY ProQM is available as a server at +proqm.cbr. su.se+.
Natural Indicator as a substitute to Synthetic indicator-A Developmental Approach

Synthetic indicators had perpetually been an alternative choice for all types of titration since long time. However price had always been a tangle. Therefore development of an indicator from natural source i.e. from the flower extracts had been the main aim of this present research work. The current work complies data regarding the comparison of Natural indicator and synthetic indicator and whether or not it may be substituted from Synthetic indicator.
Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility Through Social Partnerships

This paper examines how corporate social responsibility (CSR) is implemented through social partnerships. Drawing on previous literature and case study research, it presents a conceptual model of the process of implementation. An exploratory case study of the social responsibility partnership programme at the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) has been conducted. The case study draws on interview data and documentary sources of evidence gathered from UEFA and the six partner organisations that comprise its CSR portfolio. The conceptual model identifies three stages of the implementation process (selection, design, management), with partnership evaluation being an ongoing process during all three. The latter consists of two elements, namely project and process evaluation. A key finding is the lack of process evaluation due to a high degree of inter-personal trust. The conceptual model adds to the growing body of research on the implementation of social partnerships and CSR. This paper is also the first to empirically explore the process of CSR implementation through social partnerships in the football sector.
Empowered self‐management and the design of work teams

This paper explores the theoretical implications of empowered self‐management as a teamwork design concept. It explores the multiple definitions of empowerment and self‐management that have been used in the design of work teams and it attempts to locate empowered self‐management within the relevant traditions of work design. The paper provides a critical appraisal of empowered self‐management as a team design concept arguing that its unique contribution to the work design literature, has been the development of concepts that focus upon task enlargement as the basis of enhanced role accountabilities within teams. Empowered self‐management as a team design concept has little to say about employee or group autonomy but in fact reflects the design of teams to provide for the normative self‐regulation of employees within management directed systems of control.