Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Approach to Manage Security against Neighborhood Attacks in Social Networks

Now a days, more and more of social network data are being published in one way or other. So, preserving privacy in publishing social network data has become an important concern. With some local knowledge about individuals in a social network, an adversary may attack the privacy of some victims easily. Most of the work done so far towards privacy preservation can deal with relational data only. However, Bin Zhou and Jian Pei [11] proposed a scheme for anonymization of social networks, which is an initiative in this direction and provides a partial solution to this problem. In fact, their algorithm cannot handle the situations in which an adversary has knowledge about vertices in the second or higher hops of a vertex, in addition to its immediate neighbors. In this paper, we propose a modification to their algorithm for the network anonymization which can handle such situations. In doing so, we use an algorithm for graph isomorphism based on adjacency matrix instead of their approach using DFS technique [11]. More importantly, the time complexity of our algorithm is less than that of Zhou and Pei.
Parametric Estimation of the Ultimate Size of Hypercomputers

The performance of the emerging petaflops-scale supercomputers of the nearest future (hypercomputers) will be governed not only by the clock frequency of the processing nodes or by the width of the system bus, but also by such factors as the overall power consumption and the geometric size. In this paper, we study the influence of such parameters on one of the most important characteristics of a general purpose computer - on the degree of multithreading that must be present in an application to make the use of the hypercomputer justifiable. Our major finding is that for the class of applications with purely random memory access patterns "super-fast computing" and "high-performance computing" are essentially synonyms for "massively-parallel computing. "
Reliable Data Transmission Based on Erasure-resilient Code in Wireless Sensor Networks

Emerging applications with high data rates will need to transport bulk data reliably in wireless sensor networks. ARQ (Automatic Repeat request) or Forward Error Correction (FEC) code schemes can be used to provide reliable transmission in a sensor network. However, the naive ARQ approach drops the whole frame, even though there is a bit error in the frame and the FEC at the bit level scheme may require a highly complex method to adjust the amount of FEC redundancy. We propose a bulk data transmission scheme based on erasure-resilient code in this paper to overcome these inefficiencies. The sender fragments bulk data into many small blocks, encodes the blocks with LT codes and packages several such blocks into a frame. The receiver only drops the corrupted blocks (compared to the entire frame) and the original data can be reconstructed if sufficient error-free blocks are received. An incidental benefit is that the frame error rate (FER) becomes irrelevant to frame size (error recovery). A frame can therefore be sufficiently large to provide high utilization of the wireless channel bandwidth without sacrificing the effectiveness of error recovery. The scheme has been implemented as a new data link layer in TinyOS, and evaluated through experiments in a testbed of Zigbex motes. Results show single hop transmission throughput can be improved by at least 20% under typical wireless channel conditions. It also reduces the transmission time of a reasonable range of size files by more than 30%, compared to a frame ARQ scheme. The total number of bytes sent by all nodes in the multi-hop communication is reduced by more than 60% compared to the frame ARQ scheme.
Performance evaluation of quality measurement for super-resolution satellite images

Super resolution (SR) image reconstruction refers to a process of generating a high resolution image from several low resolution images. There is a high demand for highresolution satellite sensing in modern applications. SR offers an affordable solution for this high demand. The accuracy of super resolution depends on the accuracy of determining the difference between the low-resolution images. The widespread use of superresolution methods, in a variety of applications such as remote sensing has led to an increasing need for or quality assessment measures. Assessment for image quality traditionally needs its original image as a reference. The traditional method for assessment like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) or Mean Square Error (MSE) difficult when there is no reference. This paper is focused on No-Reference (NR) quality measures for SR images using blur and sharpness (CPBD, LPC-SI). A non-reference objective measure is proposed, which aims to evaluate the quality of the super-resolution satellite images that are constructed without the need for a full reference condition and the result will be reliable. This article presents an overview assessment of SR techniques and measuring the quality of the image. We illustrate shift estimation which is the first and the most critical step in super resolution process. Then several super resolution reconstruction techniques have been discussed and compared. Satellite images (SPOT-5) and other Remote Sensing (RS) data are used in the experiment. The images have sub pixel shifts 0.5 in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively.
A Construction Model of Ancient Architecture Protection Domain Ontology based on Software Engineering and CLT

In allusion to the lack of formal mathematical methods and engineering characteristics on the construction of AAPDO (ancient architecture protection domain ontology, AAPDO), a construction model on AAPDO based on software engineering and CLT (Concept Lattice Theory, CLT) is proposed, and the application steps and methods of the model are also elaborated on. The model uses a guiding ideology of engineering, a formal way of expression and the standardized work steps to complete the construction of AAPDO. Finally, taking Chinese Traditional Roof as an example, an instance on the construction of the field ontology of Chinese Traditional Roof based on software engineering and CLT is given.
Analysis of security trends and control methods in Android platform

We all are familiar with smart phones and their technical & functional enhancement which makes user life much easier. There are thousands of applications present in play store today which fulfils our everyday life's needs. These Online Application Stores gives user hundreds of thousands of application in one minute. All users are aware of the fact that any individual run its application in play store with no such high restrictions and policies. It is due to android environment in which applications are only verified through mechanism of digital signatures along with coarse grained grant from server developers of android ecosystems. Recently IccTA surveyed a range of approximate 3000 realtime based applications with accuracy of 88% and founded around 150 interlinked security leaks in 20 applications. These days, a high rate of privacy data leaks comes under surveillance which arises due to feeding personal information into heterogeneous applications. It is a big challenge for the debuggers to trace security procedures and policies to prevent data leakage. In this paper, we describe methods of detecting and preventing android privacy leakage through privacy control mechanisms of android systems.
EXTENDING THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARABIC SENTIMENT CLASSIFICATION USING A FOREIGN EXTERNAL LEXICAL SOURCE

This article introduces a methodology for analyzing sentiment in Arabic text using a global foreign lexical source. Our method leverages the available resource in another language such as the SentiWordNet in English to the limited language resource that is Arabic. The knowledge that is taken from the external resource will be injected into the feature model whilethe machine-learning-based classifier is trained. The first step of our method is to build the bag-of-words (BOW) model of the Arabic text. The second step calculates the score of polarity using translation machine technique and English SentiWordNet. The scores for each text will be added to the model in three pairs for objective, positive, and negative. The last step of our method involves training the ML classifier on that model to predict the sentiment of the Arabic text. Our method increases the performance compared with the baseline model that is BOW in most cases. In addition, it seems a viable approach to sentiment analysis in Arabic text where there is limitation of the available resource.
Kaplan–Meier survival curves

I t is useful to know how long someone will live or something will last. The probability that a specific subject will survive beyond any specified time is equivalent to the fraction of a group of similar subjects studied who do survive beyond that time and is known as the estimate of the survival function. Many methods for estimating survival functions have been proposed, but the most popular is that described by Edward Kaplan and Paul Meier in 1958. The major advantage of the Kaplan–Meier method is that it makes complete use of even the incomplete information available about the studied group. Incomplete information is common in survival analysis because of right-censoring, when a subject is lost to follow-up before the event of interest occurs as time moves along the survival curve from left to right. For example, in a study of bacterial contamination in apheresis platelets, a unit may be transfused without causing symptoms before bacterial growth is observed. Traditional survival analysis handled censored data either by excluding a censored subject entirely or by analyzing subjects within fixed intervals of time, leading to awkward assumptions and biases. Kaplan and Meier’s insight was to reevaluate the data every time the event of interest occurred, rather than at arbitrary intervals. This makes maximum use of all the information at any time point, even from individuals who will go on to be censored later. The method is not limited to just death as an endpoint but is widely used to calculate other time-to-event information such as relapse-free survival or event-free survival in cancer studies, time on the shelf in studies of inventory, time to failure for mechanical systems, and time to event in behavioral and ecologic studies. Even time can be replaced by a surrogate, such as miles traveled in the life of a tire.
The Assault on Public Education: Confronting the Politics of Corporate School Reform

In this timely interdisciplinary volume, William Watkins has brought together leading scholars and activists to address some of the most urgent issues facing public education. What is underneath and behind the language of choice, efficiency, and improvement in current neoliberal discourse? How will urban and poor populations be affected? Will privatization lead to increased stratification in our schools? How can public education not only be saved but re-imagined? In accessible language, renowned contributors explore and critique corporate school reform to both inform and serve as an organizing tool for teachers, parents, students, and citizens committed to genuine public education.
A Bayesian MMSE Turbo Receiver for Coded MIMO Systems

In conventional interference cancellation (IC)-based turbo receivers, extrinsic information (EXT) from the soft-input-soft-output (SISO) decoders is used to compute the statistical mean (SM) of the interfering signals. In this paper, we present a class of Bayesian minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) turbo receivers for coded multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Instead of using the EXT to estimate the prior SM, we use it in the posterior Bayesian MMSE estimation of the interfering signals. The estimation accuracy is, therefore, improved, leading to better bit-error-rate (BER) performance from our proposed Bayesian receivers. For the cases that we have studied, the proposed receiver with two iterations has a lower BER than the conventional one with five iterations, thus significantly reducing the receiver processing delay and the implementation complexity. Its superior performance is also demonstrated by the higher detector output mutual information and fewer iterations to achieve convergence, which is obtained from the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart analysis.
Optical multicast with differentiated leaf availability guaranteed in WDM networks

As multicast applications become more and more popular, implementing multicast in optical domain has attracted more and more attention due to its more efficient bandwidth usage. And also these services have Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirement. In this paper, the problem of cost-effective optical multicast provisioning to satisfy the differentiated leaf availability requirements is formally stated. A Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) formulation is proposed for provisioning dedicated light-tree protection with differentiated leaf availability guaranteed. The algorithm is so complex and infeasible that we also propose a feasible two-step approximate approach to solve the problem. Different from the previous schemes, our scheme finds out the primary light-trees and backup paths for multicast sessions destination nodes whose availability is not satisfied with the availability requirement. Because of taking the different leaf availability requirements into account, the proposed algorithm finds out more efficient feasible solution requiring less network resources.
Performance Analysis of Spectrum Sensing Using Diversity Technique

Cognitive radio is a novel technology which can efficiently improve the spectrum utilization. Spectrum sensing is one of the most critical components of cognitive radio technology. In this paper, we investigate the performance of spectrum sensing using diversity technique. Energy detection is utilized to check the presence of primary signal. For the case where equal gain combining technique is utilized by secondary user, we derive a closed form expression of detection probability in correlated nonidentical Nakagami-m fading channels, which is a general fading channel model, and then we estimate the diversity gain based on the signal-to-noise-ratio's moment generating function. Finally, we certify the validity of our theoretical analysis results by Monte-Carlo simulation, and observe the impact of channel correlation on the detection probability.
How to influence national pride? The Olympic medal index as a unifying narrative

Elite sport is often regarded as one of the main vehicles for articulating national pride and stimulating national cohesion. In this article, we explore a variety of different notions of pride and nationality as related to success in elite sport. We present the results of a public survey, which measured some of the effects on national pride in the Netherlands, related to the men’s European Football Championships, the Tour de France, Wimbledon and the Olympic Games in Beijing (all in the summer of 2008). The results suggest that a sense of belonging is a necessary condition that precedes rather than results from sport-related pride. This supports the notion of national pride being a rather stable characteristic of countries, notwithstanding specific situations (such as sport success) that may lead to minor and temporary fluctuations. There seems to be no empirical evidence for the — primarily quantitatively understood — concept of pride (as a ‘bucket-notion’), which is often implicit to the political rhetoric used to increase sport funding with the aim of winning more medals to generate an increase in national pride.
A framework for real-time worm attack detection and backbone monitoring

We developed an open source Internet backbone monitoring and traffic analysis framework named UPFrame. It captures UDP NetFlow packets, buffers it in shared memory and feeds it to customised plug-ins. UPFrame is highly tolerant to misbehaving plug-ins and provides a watchdog mechanism for restarting crashed plug-ins. This makes UP-Frame an ideal platform for experiments. It also features a traffic shaper for smoothing incoming traffic bursts. Using this framework, we have investigated IDS-like anomaly detection possibilities for high-speed Internet backbone networks. We have implemented several plug-ins for host behaviour classification, traffic activity pattern recognition, and traffic monitoring. We successfully detected the recent Blaster, Nachi and Witty worm outbreaks in a medium-sized Swiss Internet backbone (AS559) using border router NetFlow data captured in the DDoSVax project. The framework is efficient and robust and can complement traditional intrusion detection systems.
Working Memory Performance and Neural Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex 3 of Peri-pubertal Monkeys 4 5

39 40 The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex matures late into adolescence or early adulthood. This pattern 41 of maturation mirrors working memory abilities, which continue to improve into adulthood. 42 However, the nature of the changes that prefrontal neuronal activity undergoes during this 43 process is poorly understood. We investigated behavioral performance and neural activity in 44 working memory tasks around the time of puberty, a developmental event associated with the 45 release of sex hormones and significant neurological change. The developmental stages of male 46 rhesus monkeys were evaluated with a series of morphometric, hormonal, and radiographic 47 measures. Peri-pubertal monkeys were trained to perform an oculomotor delayed response task 48 and a variation of this task involving a distractor stimulus. We found that the peri-pubertal 49 monkeys tended to abort a relatively large fraction of trials, and these were associated with low 50 levels of task-related neuronal activity. However, for completed trials, accuracy in the delayed 51 saccade task was high and the appearance of a distractor stimulus did not impact performance 52 significantly. In correct trials, delay period activity was robust and was not eliminated by the 53 presentation of a distracting stimulus, whereas in trials that resulted in errors the sustained cue-54 related activity was significantly weaker. Our results show that in peri-pubertal monkeys, the 55 prefrontal cortex is capable of generating robust persistent activity in the delay periods of 56 working memory tasks, although in general it may be more prone to stochastic failure than in 57
A study of forward error correction for mobile multicast

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized the use of forward error correction (FEC) for the provision of reliable data transmission in the mobile multicast framework. This error control method inevitably adds a constant overhead in the transmitted data. However, it is so simple as to meet a prime objective for mobile multicast services; that is scalability to applications with thousands of receivers. In this paper, we present a study on the impact of application layer FEC on mobile multicast transmissions. We examine whether it is beneficial or not, how the optimal code dimension varies based on network conditions, which parameters affect the optimal code selection, and how this can be done. Additionally, we focus on one of the most critical aspects in mobile multicast transmission, which is power control. The evaluation is performed with the aid of a novel scheme that incorporates the properties of an evolved mobile network, as they are specified by the 3GPP. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
D-BLAST OFDM with Channel Estimation

Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems formed by multiple transmit and receive antennas can improve performance and increase capacity of wireless communication systems. Diagonal Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (D-BLAST) structure offers a low-complexity solution for realizing the attractive capacity of MIMO systems. However, for broadband wireless communications, channel is frequency-selective and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has to be used with MIMO techniques to reduce system complexity. In this paper, we investigate D-BLAST for MIMO-OFDM systems. We develop a layerwise channel estimation algorithm which is robust to channel variation by exploiting the characteristic of the D-BLAST structure. Further improvement is made by subspace tracking to considerably reduce the error floor. Simulation results show that the layerwise estimators require 1 dB less signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than the traditional blockwise estimator for a word error rate (WER) of when Doppler frequency is 40 Hz. Among the layerwise estimators, the subspace-tracking estimator provides a 0.8 dB gain for WER with 200 Hz Doppler frequency compared with the DFT-based estimator.
Systemic Metabolomic Changes in Blood Samples of Lung Cancer Patients Identified by Gas Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Metabolic alterations in tumor cells coupled with systemic indicators of the host response to tumor development have the potential to yield blood profiles with clinical utility for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment. We report results from two separate studies using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF MS) to profile metabolites in human blood samples that significantly differ from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinoma and other lung cancer cases. Metabolomic analysis of blood samples from the two studies yielded a total of 437 metabolites, of which 148 were identified as known compounds and 289 identified as unknown compounds. Differential analysis identified 15 known metabolites in one study and 18 in a second study that were statistically different (p-values <0.05). Levels of maltose, palmitic acid, glycerol, ethanolamine, glutamic acid, and lactic acid were increased in cancer samples while amino acids tryptophan, lysine and histidine decreased. Many of the metabolites were found to be significantly different in both studies, suggesting that metabolomics appears to be robust enough to find systemic changes from lung cancer, thus showing the potential of this type of analysis for lung cancer detection.