Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Utilization of InDel Markers to Identify Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Disease Resistance

Peanut diseases, such as leaf spot and spotted wilt caused by Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, can significantly reduce yield and quality. Application of marker assisted plant breeding requires the development and validation of different types of DNA molecular markers. Nearly 10,000 SSR-based molecular markers have been identified by various research groups around the world, but less than 14.5% showed polymorphism in peanut and only 6.4% have been mapped. Low levels of polymorphism limit the application of marker assisted selection (MAS) in peanut breeding programs. Insertion/deletion (InDel) markers have been reported to be more polymorphic than SSRs in some crops. The goals of this study were to identify novel InDel markers and to evaluate the potential use in peanut breeding. Forty-eight InDel markers were developed from conserved sequences of functional genes and tested in a diverse panel of 118 accessions covering six botanical types of cultivated peanut, of which 104 were from the U.S. mini-core. Results showed that 16 InDel markers were polymorphic with polymorphic information content (PIC) among InDels ranged from 0.017 to 0.660. With respect to botanical types, PICs varied from 0.176 for fastigiata var. , 0.181 for hypogaea var. , 0.306 for vulgaris var. , 0.534 for aequatoriana var. , 0.556 for peruviana var. , to 0.660 for hirsuta var. , implying that aequatoriana var. , peruviana var. , and hirsuta var. have higher genetic diversity than the other types and provide a basis for gene functional studies. Single marker analysis was conducted to associate specific marker to disease resistant traits. Five InDels from functional genes were identified to be significantly correlated to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) infection and leaf spot, and these novel markers will be utilized to identify disease resistant genotype in breeding populations.
Extended Through-Short-Delay Technique for the Calibration of Vector Network Analyzers With Nonmating Waveguide Ports

The extension of the through-short-delay (TSD) technique to the calibration of two-port vector network analyzers (VNAs) with nonmating waveguide ports is reported. The method retains the well-known high accuracy of the basic TSD technique while it enables to calibrate VNAs using two waveguide ports with different cross sections. Comparisons with the reciprocal-short-open-load technique commonly adopted to calibrate VNAs with nonconnectable ports and with theoretical data are reported. The present method can be adopted as either a one- or a two-tier calibration technique.
Forecasting with the New-Keynesian Model: An Experiment with Canadian Data

This paper documents the out-of-sample forecasting accuracy of the New Keynesian Model for Canadian data. We repeatedly estimate the model over samples of increasing lengths, forecasting out-of-sample one to four quarters ahead at each step. We then compare these forecasts with those arising from an unrestricted VAR using recent econometric tests. We show that the accuracy of the New Keynesian model's forecasts compares favourably to that of the benchmark. The principle of parsimony is invoked to explain these results
Using a semantic annotation tool for the analysis of metaphor in discourse.

This paper describes the application of semantic annotation software for analysing metaphor in corpora of different genres. In particular, we outline three projects analysing RELIGION and POLITICS metaphors in corporate mission statements, the WAR metaphor in business magazines, and MACHINE and LIVING ORGANISM metaphors in a novel and in a second collection of business magazine articles. This research was guided by the hypotheses that a) semantic tags allocated by the software can correspond to source domains of metaphoric expressions, and b) that more conventional metaphors feature a source domain tag as first choice in the type’s semantic profile. The tagger was adapted to better serve the needs of metaphor research and automate to a greater extent the extraction of first choice and secondary semantic domains. Two of the three studies represent re-analyses of previous manual and/or lexical corpus-based investigations, and findings indicate that semantic annotation can yield more comprehensive results.
A Reliable Non-volatile Memory System: Exploiting File-System Characteristics

Flash memory has become a popular non-volatile memory technology and is widely used in mobile electronics devices and consumer applications. A flash-memory device is different from typical hard-disk devices and requires sophisticated management to improve the lifetime and the performance. As a result, when a file system is executed on these flash-memory devices, the endurance problem will be an important issue. This is because flash memory could suffer from access errors due to unevenly erase operations on specific locations. In this paper, we will propose a reliable non-volatile memory system by exploiting file-system characteristics. The proposed method can help quick identification of hot and cold files and evenly distribute erase operations over flash-memory devices.When compared to other methods, the proposed method can provide reliable endurance and a more practical solution according to the experimental results.
Extreme Risk, Value-At-Risk And Expected Shortfall In The Gold Market

Extreme value theory (EVT) has been widely applied in fields such as hydrology and insurance. It is a tool used to reflect on probabilities associated with extreme, and thus rare, events. EVT is useful in modeling the impact of crashes or situations of extreme stress on investor portfolios. It describes the behavior of maxima or minima in a time series, i.e., tails of a distribution. In this paper, we propose the use of generalised Pareto distribution (GPD) to model extreme returns in the gold market. This method provides effective means of estimating tail risk measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES). This is confirmed by various backtesting procedures. In particular, we utilize the Kupiec unconditional coverage test and the Christoffersen conditional coverage test for VaR backtesting, while the Bootstrap test is used for ES backtesting. The results indicate that GPD is superior to the traditional Gaussian and Student’s t models for VaR and ES estimations.
fMRI‐constrained MEG source imaging and consideration of fMRI invisible sources

Recent studies on multimodal brain source imaging have shown that the use of functional MRI (fMRI) prior information could enhance spatial resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG), while MEG could compensate poor temporal resolution of fMRI. This article deals with a multimodal imaging method, which combines fMRI and MEG for enhancing both spatial and temporal resolutions. Recent studies on the combination of fMRI and MEG have suggested that the fMRI prior information could be very easily implemented by just giving different weighting factors to the diagonal terms of source covariance matrix in linear inverse operator. We applied the fMRI constrained imaging method to several simulation data and experimental data (Japanese language lexical judgment experiment), and found that some MEG sources may be eliminated by the introduction of the fMRI weighting and the eliminated sources may affect source estimation in fMRI activation regions. In this article, in order to check whether the eliminated sources were fMRI invisible ones or just spurious ones, we placed small numbers of regional sources (rotating dipoles) around all possible activation regions and investigated their temporal changes. By investigating the results carefully, we could evaluate whether the missed sources were real or not. Hum Brain Mapp, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spectro-temporal activity pattern (STAP) features for noise robust ASR

In this paper, we introduce a new noise robust representation of speech signal obtained by locating points of potential importance in the spectrogram, and parameterizing the activity of time-frequency pattern around those points. These features are referred to as Spectro-Temporal Activity Pattern (STAP) features. The suitability of these features for noise robust speech recognition is examined for a particular parameterization scheme where spectral peaks are chosen as points of potential importance. The activity in the time-frequency patterns around these points are parameterized by measuring the dynamics of the patterns along both time and frequency axes. As the spectral peaks are considered to constitute an important and robust cue for speech recognition, this representation is expected to yield a robust performance. An interesting result of the study is that inspite of using a relatively less amount of information from the speech signal, STAP features are able to achieve a reasonable recognition performance in clean speech, when compared to the state-of-the-art features. In addition, STAP features produce a significantly better performance in high noise conditions. An entropy based combination technique in tandem frame-work to combine STAP features with standard features yields a system which is more robust in all conditions.
CANDEL: An Algorithm for Same-Sentence Pronominal Resolution

A method for molding a tire with an annular reinforcement below the tread surface in which first a tire body is molded and then a flexible reinforcement formed by bands or threads is wound, preferably under tension, in form of a helix about the circumference of the tire body, whereafter a tread surface portion is molded about the tire body and the reinforcement thereon; and an apparatus for carrying out the method.
A Power Saving Method with Consideration of Performance in Android Terminals

Smart phones and tablet PCs have become increasingly popular over the past years. Especially, Android OS is increasing its market share rapidly. In line with the growing importance of Android OS, their terminals are improving their performance and power consumption. There are some existing studies on Android terminals' performance or studies on power consumption. However, there is a trade-off between performance and power saving. Thus, they should be considered together. In this paper, we propose a method for saving power consumption with consideration of performance in Android terminals. The proposed method gains feedback information from applications and dynamically adjusts CPU clock frequency at runtime in order to provide required performance and save power consumption. For evaluation, we implemented a drawing framework using the proposed method and a benchmark application which calculated a trigonometric function and drew images using the framework. Our experiments demonstrated that the proposed method could save more power consumption with providing the required performance than methods without dynamic CPU clock frequency adjustment.
Hybrid visual servoing for aerial grasping with hierarchical task-priority control

In this paper a hybrid visual servoing with a dynamic and hierarchical task-priority control framework is proposed for the control of an aerial vehicle endowed with a robot arm. The proposed task composition algorithm retains the main benefits of classical image-based and position-based control scheme, that can be suitably combined in a common hybridcontrol framework.Moreover, the under-actuation of the vehicle base has been systematically taken into account within a general formulation, while a dynamic smooth activation/deactivation mechanism is proposed to avoid discontinuity in the control action. Simulations have been proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Evolving effective strategies for enhancing SHG's using K-mean clustering

Fast retrieval of relevant information from the databases has always been a significant issue. Different techniques have been developed for this purpose; one of them is Data mining. Clustering analysis is a key and easy tool in data mining and pattern recognition. In this paper K-Mean clustering is used for evaluating the performance of socially and economically backward group of people, self help groups (SHG's) in Kerala state, and suggestions are made to improve socioeconomic status. The necessary information about the members of SHG has been collected from 9 districts in Kerala through structured questionnaire. The Parameters considered for the study are financial status, types of loan availed, improvement in assets before and after joining the group, effect of joining in more than one group and district wise analysis.
What is Conservation Biology?A new synthetic discipline addresses the dynamics and problems of perturbed species, communities, and ecosystems

C onservation biology, a new stage in the application of science to conservation problems, addresses the biology of species, communities, and ecosystems that are perturbed, either directly or indirectly, by human activities or other agents. Its goal is to provide principles and tools for preserving biological diversity. In this article I describe conservation biology, define its fundamental propositions, and note a few of its contributions. I also point out that ethical norms are a genuine part of conservation biology, as they are in all missionor crisis-oriented disciplines.
Dual Objective Security Driven Scheduling Model for Computational Grid using GA

— The conflict between achieving good performance, in terms of time etc., and achieving high quality of security protection introduces new challenges in security critical grid scheduling. Extensive study indicates that the scheduling performance is affected by the heterogeneities of security and computational power of resources. Different jobs may have varied security requirement and even the same security requirement may exhibit different security overhead on different nodes. This paper proposes a GA based dual objective scheduling algorithm, Dual Objective Security Driven Scheduling using Genetic Algorithm (DO-SDSG). Maximization of security offered to tasks with minimization of security overhead are the two objectives of DO-SDSG. Being a dual objective scheduling problem, it alternatively optimizes the objectives. When one objective is optimized the other one is taken as a constraint and vice-versa. The simulation study demonstrates that the proposed algorithm delivers better makespan, better security with less security overhead in comparison to other such algorithms viz. MinMin, MaxMin, SPMinMin and SPMaxMin.
BLIND SIGNATURES FOR BITCOIN TRANSACTION ANONYMITY

Bitcoin is [6] a peer-to-peer distributed currency system. Bitcoin attempts to provide anonymity to users by cycling keys [6] however such protection is of limited value. [8] In this paper I present a new means of forming transactions that prevents a sender of bitcoins from linking the public key of the reciever to a transaction, requiring only a single additional option for what
Chronic stretch of engineered heart tissue induces hypertrophy and functional improvement

To examine the influence of chronic mechanical stretch on functional behavior of cardiac myocytes, we reconstituted embryonic chick or neonatal rat cardiac myocytes to a 3‐dimensional engineered heart tissue (EHT) by mixing freshly isolated cells with neutralized collagen I and culturing them between two Velcro‐coated silicone tubes, held at a fixed distance with a metal spacer. After 4 days, EHTs were subjected to a phasic unidirectional stretch for 6 days in serum‐containing medium. Compared to unstretched controls, RNA/DNA and protein/cell ratios increased by 100% and 50%, respectively. ANF mRNA and a‐sarcomeric actin increased by 98% and 40%, respectively. Morphologically, stretched EHTs exhibited improved organization of cardiac myocytes into parallel arrays of rod‐shaped cells, increased cell length and width, longer myofilaments, and increased mitochondrial density. Thus, stretch induced phenotypic changes, generally referred to as hypertrophy. Concomitantly, force of contraction was two‐ to fourfold higher both under basal conditions and after stimulation with calcium or the β‐adrenergic agonist isoprenaline. Contraction kinetics were accelerated with a 14–44% decrease in twitch duration under all those conditions. In summary, we have developed a new in vitro model that allows morphological, molecular, and functional consequences of stretch to be studied under defined conditions. The main finding was that stretch of EHTs induced cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, which was accompanied by marked improvement of contractile function. —Fink, C. , Ergün, S. , Kralisch, D. , Remmers, U. , Weil, J., Eschenhagen, T. Chronic stretch of engineered heart tissue induces hypertrophy and functional improvement. FASEB J. 14, 669–679 (2000)
Right-to-Left Biases for Vowel Harmony : Evidence from Artificial Grammar *

Directionality has been an important issue within the theoretical discussion of vowel harmony because in many cases the same vowel harmony process can be described either directionally (e.g., from left-to-right) or non-directionally (e.g., stem-outward). For example, vowel harmony in Turkish appears to apply from left-to-right. However, because Turkish is a suffixing-only language, harmony can also be described in terms of a non-directional stem-outward harmony system. For most harmony languages, both interpretations may be descriptively adequate, but they make different predictions about what learners actually infer given ambiguous data. Therefore, the default nature of directionality could be either directional or non-directional (e.g., morphological). In the directional description, a vowel feature spreads in one direction from a designated source vowel (e.g., the rightmost vowel of the morphological stem) to a target vowel. In the nondirectional description, the vowel feature spreads outward from the source vowel, regardless of the direction of spreading, so the vowel feature may spread from right-toleft, left-to-right, or both depending on the location of potential harmony undergoers.
Solving 3-SAT by GAs adapting constraint weights

Handling NP complete problems with GAs is a great challenge. In particular the presence of constraints makes finding solutions hard for a GA. In this paper we present a problem independent constraint handling mechanism, Stepwise Adaptation of Weights (SAW), and apply it for solving the 3-SAT problem. Our experiments prove that the SAW mechanism substantially increases GA performance. Furthermore, we compare our SAW-ing GA with the best heuristic technique we could trace, WGSAT, and conclude that the GA is superior to the heuristic method.
HBase fine grained access control with extended permissions and inheritable roles

HBase is a widely used distributed and column-oriented database based on HADOOP and HDFS. But it still has some shortcomings in storing and sharing data. In order to upgrade the security level of HBase, this paper proposes a fine-grained access control framework which extends the access control permissions according to the atomic operations of HBase. Meanwhile, we use XACML for permissions implementation which provides RBAC and Role-Inheritance and guarantees permissions management more conveniently. From the experiment, it shows that the fine grained access control for HBase is practical and the increased overload can almost be ignored while executing the permissions matching.
Estimation of snow water equivalence using SIR-C/X-SAR

In hydrological investigations, modeling and forecasting of snow melt runoff requires information about snowpack properties and their spatial variability. This study demonstrates the capabilities of the SIR-C/X-SAR, a multi-frequency and multi-polarization spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR), on deriving snow water equivalence. In contrast to a single-polarization SAR, this study shows that SIR-C/X-SAR has the capabilities to estimate snow water equivalence when snow is dry.
Measuring The Impact Of Advertising And Promotion: Single-Or Multi-Equation Systems? A Case Study Of The Washington Apple Industry

This paper reports the results of a case study analyzing the impacts of promotion and advertising conducted by the Washington Apple Commission (WAC) using both single- and multi-equation systems. The analyses are compared in terms of the comparability and coherency of results and in terms of the types of information that can be generated by the multi-equation model but not by the single-equation model. Due to the availability of detailed data from the WAC, the multi-equation system incorporates measures of actual lines of print media within an explicit model of print media as well as a measure of the multiplier effect associated with WAC promotion expenditures relative to the overall (retail-matched) level of print media. This information cannot be effectively included in a single-equation analysis. The multi-equation system also includes supply-response and price linkages between F.O. B. and retail levels. Monthly data are used for all systems. The results of this study suggest that in terms of predicting the quantity effects of promotion expenditures, if one conditions on F.O. B. price levels the effects of non-trade activities from the single equation are not statistically significant and seasonality is not a major factor in determining monthly demand. Conversely, within the multi-equation approach, results of this study suggest that non-trade activities did have a measurable impact on the demand for Washington apples and that seasonality is a major factor in determining monthly demand. In terms of predicting the price effects of promotion expenditures, if one conditions on supply elasticities, the approaches provide similar predictions of price impacts. However, the simultaneous supply feedback is significant in the apple industry case, so, by taking the interaction of supply and demand into account, the more complex multiple-equation approach predicts notable supply response-induced mitigation in price increases originally induced by promotion efforts relative to when impacts of promotions are measured under scenarios of a fixed supply function. Actual cost estimates by type of analysis are also provided for each approach. The estimates are based on actual costs incurred in conducting the analyses. The results of the case study provide a basis for assessing the necessity, as well as the benefits and costs, of conducting a detailed and complex multi-equation promotion evaluation relative to a simpler and more focused single-equation analysis of promotion effectiveness.
Social Topic Modeling for Point-of-Interest Recommendation in Location-Based Social Networks

In this paper, we address the problem of recommending Point-of-Interests (POIs) to users in a location-based social network. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose the ST (Social Topic) model capturing both the social and topic aspects of user check-ins. We conduct experiments on real life data sets from Foursquare and Yelp. We evaluate the effectiveness of ST by evaluating the accuracy of top-k POI recommendation. The experimental results show that ST achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art models in the areas of social network-based recommender systems, and exploits the power of the location-based social network that has never been utilized before.