Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parenting Factors Associated with Reduced Adolescent Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

Objective: To identify parenting strategies associated with adolescent alcohol consumption that parents can use to implement new national guidelines regarding alcohol consumption by people under the age of 18. Methods: A systematic search of academic literature employing the PRISMA method identified 77 relevant articles. Inclusion criteria for the review were (i) longitudinal cohort studies; (ii) measurement of one or more parenting factors during adolescence or pre-adolescence (between the ages of 8 and 17) as a predictor (iii) outcome measurement of any alcohol use and/or alcohol related problems during adolescence at least one time point after the initial parenting factor was measured, and/or problem drinking in adulthood. Studies were excluded if alcohol use was combined with other substance use or problem behaviour as an outcome variable, or if different parenting factors were combined as a single predictor variable for analysis. Stouffer's method of combining p values was used to determine whether associations between variables were reliable. Results: Twelve parenting variables were investigated in these studies: parental modelling, provision of alcohol, alcohol-specific communication, disapproval of adolescent drinking, general discipline, rules about alcohol, parental monitoring, parent–child relationship quality, family conflict, parental support, parental involvement, and general communication. We found that delayed alcohol initiation was predicted by: parental modelling, limiting availability of alcohol to the child, parental monitoring, parent–child relationship quality, parental involvement and general communication. Reduced levels of later drinking by adolescents were predicted by: parental modelling, limiting availability of alcohol to the child, disapproval of adolescent drinking, general discipline, parental monitoring, parent–child relationship quality, parental support and general communication. Conclusions: A number of parenting strategies were identified that parents can use to reduce their adolescent's alcohol consumption. These could be promoted to parents to help them implement new national guidelines on alcohol use.
Ceftazidime as single-agent therapy for gram-negative aerobic bacillary osteomyelitis

The cases of 28 patients who received ceftazidime as single-agent therapy in prospective clinical trials for biopsy culture-proven osteomyelitis were reviewed. These cases all involved infection caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli, the most frequent agent (83% of patients) being Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Posttreatment follow-up for patients with acute osteomyelitis was continued for at least 6 months, while follow-up for at least 12 months was done for patients with chronic osteomyelitis. A regimen of 2 g of ceftazidime intravenously every 12 h was used for most patients. The overall cure rates were 77% (acute disease) and 60% (chronic disease). Development of resistance to ceftazidime was not problematic, and the drug was well tolerated. Ceftazidime is effective for serious gram-negative bacillary osteomyelitis, including that due to P. aeruginosa. The twice-daily regimen did not cause major organ toxicity, eliminating the need for concentration monitoring and making it feasible to use the drug for home parenteral therapy.
Human B‐cell epitopes of puumala virus nucleocapsid protein, the major antigen in early serological response

Puumala virus (PUU) is a member of the Hantavi rus genus in the family Bunyaviridae and the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE), a form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). In this study we compared the immunofluorescence patterns of NE sera and antibodies raised against recombinant PUU proteins and confirm that the nucleocapsid protein is the major target in the early IgG response of NE patients and provides the molecular basis for simple and rapid differentiation between acute illness and old immunity by granular vs. diffuse fluorescence staining in the indirect immunofluorescence test. The differential kinetics of B‐cell responses to PUU nucleocapsid vs. envelope proteins was emphasized further by the end‐point titres of IgG antibodies to N, G1 and G2 proteins in NE patients. The granular fluorescence correlated with low IgG avidity in 99.8%. and diffuse fluorescence with high avidity in 100% of 617 NE sera studied. Epitope scanning with overlapping 14‐mer peptides covering the whole nucleocapsid protein by a shift of 3 amino acids revealed six major antigenic epitopes recognized by sera from acute‐phase NE patients. The epitopes clustered mainly in the hydrophilic regions, and two of them in a highly variable region which could probably serve as an antigen to distinguish serologically between infections of closely related hantaviruses, some apparently apathogenic, some causing lethal infections. The anti‐peptide epitope pattern varied between different individuals and a collection of several pinbound peptides was needed to be recognised by most NE sera studied. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An evaluation of the implementation of the Cramer classification scheme in the Toxtree software

Risk assessment for most human health effects is based on the threshold of a toxicological effect, usually derived from animal experiments. The Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) is a concept that refers to the establishment of a level of exposure for all chemicals below which there would be no appreciable risk to human health. When carefully applied, the TTC concept can provide a means of waiving testing based on knowledge of exposure limits. Two main approaches exist; the first of these is a General Threshold of Toxicological Concern; the second approach is a TTC in relation to structural information and/or toxicological data of chemicals. The structural scheme most routinely used is that of Cramer and co-workers from 1978. Recently this scheme was encoded into a software program called Toxtree, specifically commissioned by the European Chemicals Bureau (ECB). Here we evaluate two published datasets using Toxtree to demonstrate its concordance and highlight potential software modifications. The results were promising with an overall good concordance between the reported classifications and those generated by Toxtree. Further evaluation of these results highlighted a number of inconsistencies which were examined in turn and rationalised as far as possible. Improvements for Toxtree were proposed where appropriate. Notable of these is a necessity to update the lists of common food components and normal body constituents as these accounted for the majority of false classifications observed. Overall Toxtree was found to be a useful tool in facilitating the systematic evaluation of compounds through the Cramer scheme.
The skin microbiome in allergen-induced canine atopic dermatitis.

BACKGROUND Studies focusing on next-generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene have allowed detailed surveys of skin bacterial populations (microbiota) of the skin. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES This study evaluated temporal changes in the skin microbiota in a canine model of atopic dermatitis. ANIMALS Eight atopic dogs previously sensitized with house dust mites (HDM). METHODS The dogs were topically challenged on the right groin with HDM allergens. Swabs were collected from the challenged and the contralateral nonchallenged sites prior to provocation (pre-challenge; baseline sample) and on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after allergen challenge. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified, sequenced and analysed. Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were quantified with quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Skin lesions developed in all dogs on the challenged sites. Differences in bacterial groups were observed on the challenged site over time. Relatively lower abundances of Fusobacteriaceae on Day 7, and, based on LEfSe, increased abundances of Corynebacteriaceae on Day 1, and Staphylococcaceae on days 7, 14 and 21, were observed on the challenged site, compared to the contralateral site. Results of RT-qPCR correlated with those of next-generation sequencing, with significantly increased numbers of Staphylococcus spp. and S. pseudintermedius on Day 21, and days 7 and 21 on the challenged site compared to the contralateral site, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates that an allergen challenge in sensitized dogs leads to bacterial dysbiosis with increased abundance of S. pseudintermedius at the site of lesion induction.
Mathematical modeling of direct torque control of BLDC motor

Direct torque control method for BLDC motor drives usually represents reduction in high ripples in the torque. The important characteristics observed in DTC is non-linear regulation of stator flux and torque within variables structure by hysteresis band controller. For particular sampling period Ts values of torque and flux are chosen for Hysteresis band. This would help to achieve average sampling frequency equal to constant switching frequency of switches. Abrupt ripples generates in quantities when control of flux and torque occurs at time in allowed limits. This means that voltage vectors are chosen to modify this quantity in time Ts within hysteresis band which would results in reduction in torque ripples. Here PI controller is suitable to adjust reference value responsible for sensitivity of speed error. The obtained simulation results shown where overshoot occurs in speed using PI controller and trajectory of stator flux represented in α-β plane.
Influence of body position when considering the ecological validity of laboratory time-trial cycling performance

Abstract The aims of this study were to compare the physiological demands of laboratory- and road-based time-trial cycling and to examine the importance of body position during laboratory cycling. Nine male competitive but non-elite cyclists completed two 40.23-km time-trials on an air-braked ergometer (Kingcycle) in the laboratory and one 40.23-km time-trial (RD) on a local road course. One laboratory time-trial was conducted in an aerodynamic position (AP), while the second was conducted in an upright position (UP). Mean performance speed was significantly higher during laboratory trials (UP and AP) compared with the RD trial (P < 0.001). Although there was no difference in power output between the RD and UP trials (P > 0.05), power output was significantly lower during the AP trial than during both the RD (P = 0.013) and UP trials (P = 0.003). Similar correlations were found between AP power output and RD power output (r = 0.85, P = 0.003) and between UP power output and RD power output (r = 0.87, P = 0.003). Despite a significantly lower power output in the laboratory AP condition, these results suggest that body position does not affect the ecological validity of laboratory-based time-trial cycling.
Being Well-Prepared for Regular Pair-Programming Helps At-Risk Students

This paper studies 80 final-year undergraduate computing students in an advanced programming course, and aims to relate their reported self-study time for the regular pair-programming labs to their examination performance. We expect that more regular self-studying time would lead to a better examination performance. It is interesting that this is true only for the 27 at-risk students, which are defined as those students failing in the course's mid-term test. We use the k-means algorithm to divide these students into 2 groups according to their self-study time for lab and the difference between their exam and test scores. For the other 53 non-at-risk students, the same analysis using the k-means algorithm shows that more self-study time for lab does not lead to better examination performance, while it is the self-study time right before the exam which affects the performance. It casts doubt on the commonly given unqualified advice for students to study routinely over cramming right before exam. The result leads us to look for other factors that determine student performance.
Optimizing Efficacy of Quick Parathyroid Hormone Determination in the Operating Theater

The usefulness of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) monitoring has been extensively documented in primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT), whereas few data have been published on its use in reoperations or in secondary and tertiary HPT. We report our initial experience with a rapid (12 min response) PTH immunochemiluminometric assay performed in the operating room during surgery in 12 patients with primary HPT, 16 end-stage renal disease patients with secondary HPT and five kidney transplanted subjects with tertiary HPT. Blood samples were taken at baseline, within 10 min after resection and subsequently at various intervals whenever needed. The mean PTH levels before and after parathyroidectomy were 230.5 pg/mL (range 69–842) and 47.3 pg/mL (range 5–184), respectively, in primary HPT, 855.0 pg/mL (416–1655) and 202.2 pg/mL (53–440) in secondary HPT, and 205.6 pg/mL (116–301) and 45.4 pg/mL (18–97) in tertiary HPT. All patients but one had a significant percentage decline from pre-excision values (mean 76.9%, 76.0%, and 76.1% in primary, secondary and tertiary HPT, respectively). While a reduction of more than 50% was observed in 30 out of 33 patients after the first intraoperative sampling, additional measurements were performed in 10 cases. On-site PTH monitoring with this user-friendly and reliable system has proved helpful in targeting PTH tests to give the surgeon a rapid and accurate assessment of the intervention. The development of optimal PTH sequence strategies with decision-focused analytical and clinical limits will improve the efficacy of “point-of-care” PTH assay and resource utilization.
Load balancing technology based on erasure code in distributed storage system

LandHouse is a distributed storage system that is made up of some regular graphs and is organized by distributed hash table. However, the master server is the performance bottleneck of LandHouse. Moreover, when using traditional data block strategy, the regular graph Petersen can't work to its best extent. Therefore, a new architecture with modified node deployment is designed to optimize the original system. Besides, a novel data block strategy named FTF using erasure code technology and an improved dynamic load balancing algorithm on Petersen Ring are proposed. Simulation results show that these modifications can improve robustness and performance of the system effectively.
Molecular characterization of mar, a multiple aberration region on human chromosome segment 12q13‐q15 implicated in various solid tumors

Chromosome arm 12q breakpoints in seven cell lines derived from primary pleomorphic salivary gland adenomas were mapped by FISH analysis relative to nine DNA probes. These probes all reside in a 2.8 Mb genomic DNA region of chromosome segment 12q13‐q15 and correspond to previously published sequence‐tagged sites (STS). Their relative positions were established on the basis of YAC cloning and long range physical and STS content mapping. The 12q breakpoints of five of the cell lines were found to be mapping within three different subregions of the 445 kb DNA interval that was recently defined as the uterine leiomyoma cluster region of chromosome 12 breakpoints (ULCR12) between STS RM33 and RM98. All seven breakpoints appeared to map within the 1.7 Mb DNA region between STS RM36 and RM103. Furthermore, the chromosome 12 breakpoints of three primary pleomorphic salivary gland adenomas were also found to be mapping between RM36 and RM103. Finally, FISH analysis of two lipoma cell lines with 12q13‐q15 aberrations pinpointed the breakpoints of these to relatively small and adjacent DNA segments which, as well as those of two primary lipomas, appeared to be located also between RM36 and RM103. We conclude from the observed clustering of the 12q breakpoints of the three distinct solid tumor types that the 1.7 Mb DNA region of the long arm of chromosome 12 between RM36 and RM103 is a multiple aberration region which we designate MAR.
Death and Dying Anxiety Among Bereaved and Nonbereaved Elderly Parents

This study examines differences in death and dying anxiety between bereaved and nonbereaved elderly Israeli parents, as well as correlates of these factors among bereaved parents. A total of 97 parents (49 bereaved, 48 nonbereaved) completed measures of death and dying anxiety and religiosity. Bereaved parents reported significantly higher dying anxiety scores than nonbereaved parents, but there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in death anxiety. Religiosity was unrelated to death and dying anxiety. Dying anxiety was higher among bereaved mothers than bereaved fathers. Death and dying anxiety were not associated with the length of time since the loss of the child or the nature of the child's death. Results are discussed in light of the difficulties that bereaved parents experience after the loss of their child. Implications for theory, for health and welfare professionals, and for policy are suggested.
Surgery for Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in the Netherlands: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Objective The value of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer is controversial. The aim of this population-based study was to investigate the role of SCS in the Netherlands. Methods Data of 408 patients who underwent SCS between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively collected from 38 Dutch hospitals. Survival after complete and incomplete SCS was estimated by Kaplan-Meier curves. Factors associated with overall survival (OS) were explored with Cox regression. Results Median OS after SCS was 51 months (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 44.8–57.2). Complete SCS was achieved in 295 (72.3%) patients, with an OS of 57 months (95% CI, 49.0–65.0) compared with 28 months (95% CI, 20.8–35.2) in patients with incomplete SCS (log-rank test; P < 0.001). Nonserous histology (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.45–0.95), a long progression free interval (hazard ratio [HR], 0.29; 95% CI, 0.07–1.18), a good performance status (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49–0.94), SCS without preoperative chemotherapy (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.51–1.01), and complete SCS (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.33–0.64) were prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions This population-based retrospective study showed that there might be a role for SCS in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer especially when complete SCS can be accomplished. However, before adopting SCS as a standard treatment modality for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer, results of 3 ongoing prospectively randomized trials are needed.
Bcl-2 and Androgen Receptor Gene Expression in Androgen-Independent Subclone Derived from Mouse Androgen-Dependent Cells

We investigated bcl-2 and androgen receptor (AR) expression in an androgen-independent subline derived from mouse androgen-dependent mammary carcinoma cells. The androgen-independent SCAI cells were subcloned by cultivating androgen-dependent SC2G cells in serum-free, androgen-free conditions. The growth of the SCAI cells was not affected by testosterone. Western blot analysis showed greater expression of Bcl-2 protein in SCAI cells than in SC2G cells. A four-day culture with 4 μM antisense oligonucleotide complementary to mouse bcl-2 significantly decreased the viability of SCAI cells, when compared with sense control. The amount of the AR-mRNA expression in SCAI cells was slightly weaker. Direct sequence analysis showed no mutations in the AR of either androgen-dependent or -independent cells. These data indicate that the increased expression of Bcl-2 protein plays an important role in acquiring tolerance for the testosterone ablation, although it is not related to AR gene alteration.
Where there's a will: can highlighting future youth-targeted marketing increase support for soda taxes?

OBJECTIVE Amid concern about high rates of obesity and related diseases, the marketing of nutritionally poor foods to young people by the food industry has come under heavy criticism by public health advocates, who cite decades of youth-targeted marketing in arguing for reforms. In light of recent evidence that the same event evokes stronger emotional reactions when it occurs in the future versus the past, highlighting youth-targeted marketing that has yet to occur may evoke stronger reactions to such practices, and perhaps, greater support for related health policy initiatives. METHOD In a between-subjects experiment, Web participants (N = 285) read that a major soda company had already launched (past condition) or was planning to launch (future condition) an advertising campaign targeting children. Measures included support for a soda tax and affective responses to the company's actions. RESULTS Greater support for the soda tax was observed in the future condition than in the past condition. Moreover, participants in the future condition reported heightened negative emotions about the company's actions, which mediated the observed effect on soda tax support. CONCLUSION The same action undertaken by the food industry (here, marketing soda to children) may evoke stronger negative emotions and greater support for a health policy initiative when it is framed prospectively rather than retrospectively.
Rhizoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil associated with hydroxamate siderophores isolated from Cd-resistant plant growth–promoting Dietzia maris and Lysinibacillus strains

ABSTRACT In search of multitrait plant growth–promoting (PGP) inoculants, we introduced two cadmium-resistant bacterial strains, C4 (PG), C5 (WB), and their consortium C6 (PG × WB) isolated from metal-contaminated industrial waste–fed canal near West Bengal. The test isolates were biochemically characterized and screened in vitro for siderophore production. The infrared spectra revealed the hydroxamate nature of the siderophore produced. Further in green house, siderophore-based seed inoculation with selected PGP isolates exhibited stimulatory effects on seed germination (up to 85.4%), chlorophyll index (22.9 spad unit), shoot and root length (70% and 62.7%), tiller numbers (38.82%), spikelet numbers (52.2%), straw yield (62.2%), grain yield (76.1%), total dry matter of root and shoot (55.56% and 64.4%, respectively), and grain yields (76.1%) of tested wheat cultivars. The 16S rRNA sequencing identified strain PG and WB as Dietzia maris and Lysinibacillus sp. strains. Furthermore, inoculation of C6 (consortium) in both cultivar UP-2565 and KS-227 showed maximum Cd sorption capacity in roots (38.3% and 67.1%) and shoots (68.4% and 67.5%), respectively. Both the strains and their consortium showed a great potential to increase the growth and yield of wheat cultivars, which can also be utilized for rhizoremediation process.