Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image denoising via sparse representation using rotational dictionary

Abstract. A dictionary-learning-based image denoising algorithm is proposed in this paper. Since traditional methods seldom take into account the rotational invariance of dictionaries learned from image patches, an improved K-means singular value decomposition algorithm is developed. In our method, the rotational version of atoms is introduced to greedily match the noisy image in a sparse coding procedure. On the other hand, in a dictionary learning procedure, to maximize the diversity of atoms, a rotational operation on the residual error is adopted such that the rotational correlation among atoms is reduced. As the strategy exploits the rotational invariance of atoms, more intrinsic features existing in image patches can be effectively extracted. Experiments illustrate that the proposed method can achieve a better performance than some other well-developed denoising methods.
Tuning of PID SSSC controller using artificial bee colony optimization technique

The dynamic performance of a power system has been investigated with static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) control. The strategy has been implemented through a PID controller, parameters of which are tuned through an artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization procedure. The small signal response of the system has been evaluated through a 5th order system dynamic model with and without the PID model incorporated. A simple pole-placement technique was employed to get the range of parameters used as input to the ABC algorithm. It was observed that the PID controller, with controller gains determined through ABC algorithm, provided very good transient profile following large disturbances in the system.
Calculation of multiple power flow solutions with the Krawczyk method

This paper proposes an interval-analysis based power flow computation for calculating multiple power flow solutions in power systems. The interval technique provides more reliable solution with the upper and lower bounds. This paper makes use of the Krawczyk method to evaluate the interval power flow solution. The method is effective for solving the nonlinear equation due to the feature that it can provide all the solution. The proposed method is demonstrated in sample systems.
Cell Cycle‐Dependent Localization of Dynactin Subunit p150glued at Centrosome

p150glued is the largest subunit of dynactin protein complex, through which cargo vesicles link to the microtubule minus‐end directed motor protein dynein. In addition, p150glued also locates in the mother centriole where it organizes the subdistal appendage. The components of appendage are dynamically regulated throughout the cell cycle stages, but it is still unclear whether the centrosomal residency of p150glued correlated with cell cycle progression. Here we found that p150glued was located in the mother centriole during G1/S stage and its centrosomal residency was independent of microtubule transportation. However, the centrosomal p150glued became blurred at G2/M phase and this event was not regulated by its phosphorylation. Entering into mitosis, p150glued was robustly enriched in the mitotic spindle nearby the spindle poles but not in the centrosome. During serum starvation (G0 stage), p150glued appeared at the base of primary cilium and its depletion attenuated starvation‐induced primary cilium formation. We also checked its role in the maintenance of centrosome homeostasis and configuration, and found depletion of p150glued did not induce centrosome amplification or splitting but inhibited U2OS cell growth. G1 arrest and reduced EdU incorporation were observed in p150glued deficient U2OS cells. In addition, cyclin E was downregulated following p150glued depletion. The p53/p21 signaling was activated indicating that CDKs were inactivated. The reduced cell growth was ameliorated in the p150glued depleted cells when treated with p53 inhibitor. Thus, we have identified the centrosomal targeting of p150glued in distinct cell cycle stage and uncovered its role in controlling G1/S transition. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2049–2060, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efﬁcient Learning of Trajectory Preferences Using Combined Ratings and Rankings

—In this paper we propose an approach for modeling and learning human preferences using a combination of absolute (querying an expert for a numerical value) and relative (asking the expert to select the highest-value option from a set) queries. Our approach uses a Gaussian process regression model with an associated likelihood function that can take into account both pairwise preferences and numerical ratings to approximate the user’s latent value function from a set of (noisy) queries. We show that using a combination of relative and absolute queries performs better than either query type alone and propose a simple active learning approach to sequentially select informative queries that speed up the learning process when searching for high-value regions of the user’s latent value space. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on a 1-D function approximation task and on a simulated autonomous surface vehicle performing a lake monitoring mission. These experiments show that our algorithm is able to efﬁciently learn an operator’s mission preferences and use those mission preferences to autonomously plan trajectories that fulﬁll the operator’s goals.
RFPL4A Increases the G1 Population and Decreases Sensitivity to Chemotherapy in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells*

Background: Cell cycle-arrested cancer cells are resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Results: Microarray analyses showed that expression of RFPL4A was significantly up-regulated in these G1-retained cells. Conclusion: RFPL4A is a novel factor inducing G1 retention and reduced sensitivity to chemotherapy. Significance: Combination therapy using RFPL4A inhibition and conventional anti-cancer drugs may represent a promising therapeutic approach for intractable cancer patients. Cell cycle-arrested cancer cells are resistant to conventional chemotherapy that acts on the mitotic phases of the cell cycle, although the molecular mechanisms involved in halting cell cycle progression remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that RFPL4A, an uncharacterized ubiquitin ligase, induced G1 retention and thus conferred decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy in the human colorectal cancer cell line, HCT116. Long term time lapse observations in HCT116 cells bearing a “fluorescence ubiquitin-based cell cycle indicator” identified a characteristic population that is viable but remains in the G1 phase for an extended period of time (up to 56 h). Microarray analyses showed that expression of RFPL4A was significantly up-regulated in these G1-arrested cells, not only in HCT116 cells but also in other cancer cell lines, and overexpression of RFPL4A increased the G1 population and decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, knockdown of RFPL4A expression caused the cells to resume mitosis and induced their susceptibility to anti-cancer drugs in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that RFPL4A is a novel factor that increases the G1 population and decreases sensitivity to chemotherapy and thus may be a promising therapeutic target for refractory tumor conditions.
Molecular Relationships Among the Salmonelleae

Polynucleotide sequence relatedness studies were carried out to determine the extent of divergence present in members of the tribe Salmonelleae and between salmonellae and other enteric bacteria. Typical Salmonella were 85 to 100% related. Two groups of biochemically atypical Salmonella showed somewhat lower binding to typical salmonellae and to each other. Arizona were 70 to 80% related to salmonellae. Two groups of Arizona were detected. These groups correlated with the presence of monophasic or diphasic flagellar antigens. Salmonella and Arizona were no more related to Citrobacter than to Escherichia coli (45-55%). Relatedness of Salmonella and Arizona to other enterobacteria ranged from 20 to 40% with klebsiellae and shigellae, to 20 to 25% with erwiniae, and to less than 20% with edwardsiellae and Proteus mirabilis.
Impact of a patient-centered medical home on access, quality, and cost.

CONTEXT Patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) are intended to actively provide effective care by physician-led teams, where patients take a leading role and responsibility. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the Walter Reed PCMH has reduced costs while at least maintaining if not improving access to and quality of care, and to determine whether access, quality, and cost impacts differ by chronic condition status. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS This study conducted a retrospective analysis using a patient-level utilization database to determine the impact of the Walter Reed PCMH on utilization and cost metrics, and a survey of enrollees in the Walter Reed PCMH to address access to care and quality of care. OUTCOME MEASURES Inpatient and outpatient utilization, per member per quarter costs, Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set metrics, and composite measures for access, patient satisfaction, provider communication, and customer service are included. RESULTS Costs were 11% lower for those with chronic conditions compared to 7% lower for those without. Since treating patients with chronic conditions is 4 times more costly than treating patients without such conditions, the vast majority of dollar savings are attributable to chronic care. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest focusing first on patients with chronic conditions given the greater potential for early gains.
Mature liver stages of cloned Plasmodium falciparum share epitopes with proteins from sporozoites and asexual blood stages

Summary The liver mcrozoites of malaria parasites arc of paramount importance, as they initiate the parasite invasion of red blood cells and start the cycle associated with the clinical features of malaria. Investigating liver merozoite antigen is difficult because of the lack of a rodent model of human malaria. In addition, only a low proportion of cells are obtained in vivo, the parasites from Cebus and Aotus monkeys are immature, and in‐vitro experiments with liver cells are often confounded by contamination with the natural mosquito flora co‐purified with the sporozoites used for seeding the liver cultures.
Experiences of Aging Among Immigrants From India to the United States: Social Work Practice in a Global Context

The aging of immigrants is a critical component in the health dynamics of the nation's aging population. To date, few studies have addressed within-group diversity and linked contemporary contexts of global connectedness with the aging experiences of older immigrants. This study aims to conceptually understand the diversity in aging dynamics within a specific immigrant group: Indian immigrants in New York City. The impact of globalization and transnational connection on aging experiences on 2 within groups—Indians who came to the United States at age of 65 or older (LLIs) and those who came at an early age (ELIs) are analyzed. Implications for social work practice, research and policy are discussed.
A molecular mechanics investigation of RNA complexes. I. Ethidium intercalation in an HIV-1 TAR RNA sequence with an unpaired adenosine.

Nucleic acid complexes with ethidium intercalated into different sites in a segment of HIV-1 TAR RNA with an unpaired A base, along with corresponding complexes with a normal RNA sequence without an unpaired base were studied by molecular mechanics energy minimization methods. Different intercalation geometries as well as different orientations of the ethidium molecule in the intercalation sites were tested. A general binding affinity enhancement for the ethidium binding to the bulge sequence compared with the normal RNA segment was obtained. With the unpaired adenosine base stacked in the duplex, the binding site adjacent to the 3' side of the bulge was found to be the most energetically favorable binding site, and the intercalation site 5' to the bulge in the same sequence is much less favorable. Unique correlated backbone conformational changes on binding of ethidium to the intercalation site 3' to the bulge were found to relieve backbone strains caused by the stacking of the unpaired base into the helix. These backbone conformational changes present a plausible molecular basis for the experimentally observed ethidium binding preference in this bulge RNA segment (L.S. Ratmeyer, R. Vinayak, G. Zon and W.D. Wilson, J. Med. Chem. 35, 966, 1992).
of Elementary Sound Properties Role of Mammalian Auditory Cortex in the Perception

[PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , October 1, 2001; 86 (4): 1555-1572. J Neurophysiol S. K. Talwar and G. L. Gerstein on Frequency-Discrimination Behavior Reorganization in Awake Rat Auditory Cortex by Local Microstimulation and Its Effect [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , June 1, 2004; 91 (6): 2551-2567. J Neurophysiol S. Kaur, R. Lazar and R. Metherate Primary Auditory Cortex Intracortical Pathways Determine Breadth of Subthreshold Frequency Receptive Fields in [PDF] [Full Text] [Abstract] , January 25, 2005; 64 (2): 383-385. Neurology S. R. Sinha, N. E. Crone, R. Fotta, F. Lenz and D. F. Boatman Transient unilateral hearing loss induced by electrocortical stimulation
Linear generalized predictive position control of induction motor drives

This paper presents and validates an efficient position control scheme based on the GPC (Generalized Predictive Control) algorithm for the indirect vector control of the induction motor. The position loop is regulated with a linear GPC controller and the current loops incorporate the SVPWM (Space Vector PWM) with the PI (Proportional Integral) controllers. The presented GPC position control scheme for induction motor provides a low computation cost in respect to the standard GPC algorithm, a fast response and good rejection of uncertainties and measurement noises. This position scheme has been tested using various simulations and experimental tests, with and without unknown load, taking into account the parameter uncertainties and measurement noise in the loop signal, the rotor position and the stator current. This robust position GPC algorithm provides an electromagnetic torque without the undesirable chattering phenomenon.
Efficacy and Safety of Omega-3/6 Fatty Acids, Methylphenidate, and a Combined Treatment in Children With ADHD

Objective: To compare efficacy of Omega-3/6 fatty acids (Equazen eye q™) with methylphenidate (MPH) and combined MPH + Omega-3/6 in children with ADHD. Method: Participants (N = 90) were randomized to Omega-3/6, long-acting MPH, or combination for 12 months. ADHD symptoms were assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impressions–Severity (CGI-S) scale. Results: ADHD symptoms decreased in all treatment arms. Although significant differences favoring Omega + MPH over Omega-3/6 alone were found for ADHD Total and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subscales, results on the Inattention subscale were similar. CGI-S scores decreased slowly and consistently with Omega-3/6, compared with a rapid decrease and subsequent slight increase in the MPH-containing arms. Adverse events were numerically less frequent with Omega-3/6 or MPH + Omega-3/6 than MPH alone. Conclusion: The tested combination of Omega-3/6 fatty acids had similar effects to MPH, whereas the MPH + Omega combination appeared to have some tolerability benefits over MPH.
Learning from Within? Comparing PoS Tagging Approaches for Historical Text

In this paper, we investigate unsupervised and semi-supervised methods for part-of-speech (PoS) tagging in the context of historical German text. We locate our research in the context of Digital Humanities where the non-canonical nature of text causes issues facing an Natural Language Processing world in which tools are mainly trained on standard data. Data deviating from the norm requires tools adjusted to this data. We explore to which extend the availability of such training material and resources related to it influences the accuracy of PoS tagging. We investigate a variety of algorithms including neural nets, conditional random fields and self-learning techniques in order to find the best-fitted approach to tackle data sparsity. Although methods using resources from related languages outperform weakly supervised methods using just a few training examples, we can still reach a promising accuracy with methods abstaining additional resources.
Explorer Constrained distance transforms for spatial atlas registration

Background: Spatial frameworks are used to capture organ or whole organism image data in biomedical research. The registration of large biomedical volumetric images is a complex and challenging task, but one that is required for spatially mapped biomedical atlas systems. In most biomedical applications the transforms required are non-rigid and may involve significant deformation relating to variation in pose, natural variation and mutation. Here we develop a new technique to establish such transformations for mapping data that cannot be achieved by existing approaches and that can be used interactively for expert editorial review. Results: This paper presents the Constrained Distance Transform (CDT ), a novel method for interactive image registration. The CDT uses radial basis function transforms with distances constrained to geodesics within the domains of the objects being registered. A geodesic distance algorithm is discussed and evaluated. Examples of registration using the CDT are presented. Conclusion: The CDT method is shown to be capable of simultaneous registration and foreground segmentation even when very large deformations are required.
SCL-UMD at the Medico Task-MediaEval 2017: Transfer Learning based Classification of Medical Images

Detecting landmarks in medical images can aid medical diagnosis and is a widely researched problem. The Medico task at MediaEval 2017 addresses the problem of detecting gastrointestinal landmarks, keeping into consideration the amount of training data as well as the speed of the detection system. Since medical data is obtained from real-world patients, access to large amounts of data for training the models can be restricted. We therefore focus on a transfer learning approach, where we can borrow image representations yielded by other image classification/detection systems and then train a supervised learning schemes on the available annotated medical data. We borrow the state of the art deep learning classification schemes (VGGNet and Inception-V3 networks) to obtain representations for the medical images and use them in addition to the provided set of features. A joint model trained on all these features yields a Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.826 with an accuracy and F1-score values of 0.961 and 0.847, respectively.
Multidimensional Perceptual Unfolding of Spatially Processed Speech I: Deriving Stimulus Space Using INDSCAL

Multidimensional perceptual unfolding was executed for a set of spatially-processed speech samples reproduced via headphones. This paper describes only the first stage of a two-part study employing the analytic technique termed external unfolding. In this first stage, global dissimilarity ratings were made for all pairwise comparisons of the experimental stimuli under each of four listening conditions, which included broadband or bandlimited speech samples presented either simultaneously or sequentially. These four datasets were analyzed independently using INDSCAL (INdividual Differences SCALing), a method for processing inter-stimulus dissimilarity data that has specific advantages over classical MultiDimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis. First, it is designed to characterize quantitatively the individual differences in responses obtained from a group of experimental subjects. Second, the spatial configuration of points derived for the experimental stimuli, termed the Stimulus Space, has an inherently unique orientation that has none of the ambiguity that makes the interpretation of classical MDS results problematic. The Stimulus Space derived in the first stage of this study is one of two inputs required for external unfolding. It is combined with discrete attribute ratings collected in the second stage of this study to reveal the principal perceptual attributes of the set of spatially-processed speech samples, and their relative salience under various conditions.
CONTRIBUTION OF CYP3A5 TO HEPATIC AND RENAL IFOSFAMIDE N-DECHLOROETHYLATION

Ifosfamide nephrotoxicity is attributed to the formation of a toxic metabolite, chloroacetaldehyde, via N-dechloroethylation, a reaction that is purportedly catalyzed by CYP3A and CYP2B6. Because allelic variants of CYP3A5 are associated with polymorphic expression of microsomal CYP3A5 in human liver and kidneys, we hypothesized that ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation depends on CYP3A5 genotype. We compared ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation activity in cDNA-expressed CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. Ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation was also assessed in liver (N = 20) and kidney (N = 21) microsomes from human donors with different CYP3A5 genotypes. Ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation was catalyzed by recombinant CYP3A5 at a rate comparable with recombinant CYP3A4. In human liver microsomes matched for CYP3A4 protein content, N-dechloroethylation was more than 2-fold higher in that from donors carrying CYP3A5*1 allele that express CYP3A5 relative to that from donors homozygous for the mutant CYP3A5*3. Correlation analysis revealed that ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation was significantly associated with CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 protein concentration but not with age, sex, or CYP2B6 protein concentration. In hepatic microsomes not expressing CYP3A5 protein, ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation was inhibited 53 to 61% and 0 to 3% by monoclonal antibodies specific for CYP3A4/5 or CYP2B6, respectively. Ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation was not detected in renal microsomes obtained from CYP3A5*3/*3 donors. In contrast, it was readily measurable in microsomes isolated from four kidneys of CYP3A5*1 carriers, which was almost completely inhibited by the CYP3A inhibitor ketoconazole. CYP2B6 protein could not be detected in this panel of human renal microsomes. In conclusion, CYP3A5*1 genotype is associated with higher rates of ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation in human liver and kidneys.
Immuno-prophylaxis of babies borne to hepatitis B carrier mothers.

OBJECTIVES To examine the efficacy of current hepatitis B immuno-prophylaxis and estimate the prevalence of S-mutant infections among local newborn babies. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Regional hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS A total of 137 newborn babies delivered between the period of November 2000 and 30 June 2001 inclusive, whose mothers were chronic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers. RESULTS Of the 121 infants who were followed up for 12 months, three were found to be chronic hepatitis B virus carriers, giving a vertical transmission rate of 2.5%. One (0.8%) was suspected to be infected by the S-mutant. All the three hepatitis B virus carrier babies were born to mothers with hepatitis B e antigen, but none to the eight mothers suspected to have S-mutants. Of 119 (98.3%) infants who developed hepatitis B surface antibody upon follow-up at 12 months, 35 were found to have hepatitis B e antigen at birth. All were born to hepatitis B e antigen-positive mothers. Only three of the 35 babies were found to be hepatitis B virus carriers. Most babies lost the hepatitis B e antigen by 6 months of age; only the infected babies had the antigen persisting at 1 year of age. The non-infected infants' hepatitis B e antigen is likely transplacental. CONCLUSIONS Our hepatitis B virus prophylaxis programme was effective at preventing perinatal infection and the non-infected infants' hepatitis B e antigen was likely transplacental.