Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED APPROACH FOR FINDING FAULTY MODULES IN OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE SYSTEMS

Computer program produces an incorrect or unexpected result or behaves in haphazard way then there is an error in that computer program. In order to improve the software quality, prediction of faulty modules is necessary. Various Metric suites and techniques are available to predict the modules which are critical and likely to be fault prone. Genetic Algorithm is a problem solving algorithm. It uses genetics as its model of problem solving. It’s a search technique to find approximate solutions to optimization and search problems.Genetic algorithm is applied for solving the problem of faulty module prediction and as well as for finding the most important attribute for fault occurrence. In order to perform the analysis, performance validation of the Genetic Algorithm using open source software jEdit is done. The results are measured in terms Accuracy and Error in predicting by calculating probability of detection and probability of false Alarms
Post-exposure prophylaxis awareness and use among men who have sex with men in London who use geosocial-networking smartphone applications

ABSTRACT The number of new HIV infections continues to be on the rise in many high-income countries, most notably among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite recent attention to the use of antiretroviral medications as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among MSM, considerably less research has been devoted to examining the awareness and use of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Based on a convenience sample of 179 self-reported HIV-uninfected MSM using a geosocial-networking smartphone application, this study is among the first to examine the awareness and use of PEP and their demographic and behavioral correlates among MSM in London. Most respondents (88.3%) had heard of PEP, where 27.4% reported having used it. In multivariable models, the disclosure of one’s sexual orientation to their general practitioner (Prevalence ratio [PR]: 3.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 10.70; p = . 029) and reporting one’s HIV status as negative (rather than unknown) (PR: 11.49; 95% CI: 1.68, 76.92; p = .013) were associated with having heard of PEP; while the recent use of club drugs (PR: 3.02; 95% CI: 1.42, 6.43; p = .004) was associated with having ever used PEP. High awareness and use in this sample suggest that PEP is a valuable risk-reduction strategy that should be capitalized on, be it in addition to or in the absence of PrEP.
Power law discounting for n-gram language models

We present an approximation to the Bayesian hierarchical Pitman-Yor process language model which maintains the power law distribution over word tokens, while not requiring a computationally expensive approximate inference process. This approximation, which we term power law discounting, has a similar computational complexity to interpolated and modified Kneser-Ney smoothing. We performed experiments on meeting transcription using the NIST RT06s evaluation data and the AMI corpus, with a vocabulary of 50,000 words and a language model training set of up to 211 million words. Our results indicate that power law discounting results in statistically significant reductions in perplexity and word error rate compared to both interpolated and modified Kneser-Ney smoothing, while producing similar results to the hierarchical Pitman-Yor process language model.
“Vreselijk mooi!” (terribly beautiful): A Subjectivity Lexicon for Dutch Adjectives.

We present a new open source subjectivity lexicon for Dutch adjectives. The lexicon is a dictionary of 1,100 adjectives that occur frequently in online product reviews, manually annotated with polarity strength, subjectivity and intensity, for each word sense. We discuss two machine learning methods (using distributional extraction and synset relations) to automatically expand the lexicon to 5,500 words. We evaluate the lexicon by comparing it to the user-given star rating of online product reviews. We show promising results in both in-domain and cross-domain evaluation. The lexicon is publicly available as part of the PATTERN software package (http://www.clips.ua.ac.be/pages/pattern).
Optimization on turbofan engine cycle parameter based on improved differential evolution algorithm

In this paper, a two-spool mixed turbofan is considered. The turbofan is one of the research hotspots for military and civil aircraft power device, which shows outstanding performance advantages. Compared to the turbojet, turbofan is more efficient. For getting the performance of turbofan, the model for engine performance simulation is researched. The method for engine performance simulation and the cycle parameters for turbofan are discussed. For obtaining the optimal design of turbofan, suitable optimization method is required. Unfortunately, the optimization of the turbofan engine design is a non-linear non-differentiable problem, which makes it difficult to solve by conventional deterministic optimization method. In order to solve this problem, the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is considered. To overcome the original algorithm DE limitations, an improved DE algorithm with modifying mutation operator is proposed by this paper. The turbofan optimization problem is solved by employing the improved DE algorithm.
A self-index GML storage approach based on element coding

Geography Markup Language (GML) has been widely used in various application systems as internal geo-spatial data expressing. GML, semi-structured XML-encoding data, behaves low query performance, for full traversal is needed to locate target elements. Indexing GML by pre-sorting search data can improve query performance. Spatial index of GML is necessary as well as non-spatial index for the feature of GML, especially in location-aware query. We design element coding extending interval coding, which separates spatial nodes from non-spatial nodes, and elements from GML model tree to generate sequence of element coding. The paper proposes GML index integrating B+-tree and R-tree as entrances of non-spatial and spatial query on element coding sequence stored as key-value structure, and is also a self-index storage approach that can completely replace original GML document. The storage, index and query optimization methods are also introduced in this paper. The proposed storage mechanism proved to be effective by the result analysis of storage and query experiments.
Assessing the potential for violent behavior in children and adolescents.

1. Russell Copelan, MD* 1. *Attending Emergency Psychiatrist, Department of Neurosciences, Memorial Hospital, Colorado Springs, Colo Suicide and homicide in children and adolescents, both reasonably foreseeable and preventable events, are terrible losses for families and represent significant public health concerns. The realization that violence can occur anywhere has had a traumatizing impact on schools and communities nation- and worldwide. Violence is a dynamic and complex public health issue that affects millions of children and their families. Suicide and aggression can occur across the entire spectrum of psychiatric disorders, which emphasizes the need for an organized, systematic assessment. These linked behaviors are best conceptualized as occurring on a final common pathway. Management of violent behavior depends on the stage of the destructive process as well as on the speed of progression. Differentiating the progressive, scalable risk factors that suicidal and homicidal phenomena have in common has important clinical consequences. No standard of care exists for the prediction of child and adolescent suicide and homicide. However, a standard of care does exist that requires primary care physicians, nurses, physician assistants, and other medical and mental health professionals to assess risk adequately when clinically indicated. Although adequate assessment lacks definitional clarity, performing systematic violence risk assessments that inform treatment more than meets the standard of care and may improve quality of care substantially. Suicide and homicide, although not predictable on the basis of a “simply sufficient” interview, can be anticipated reasonably by assessing specific time-related factors. Millions of children each year are exposed to acts of violence, and the numbers appear to be increasing. Concurrently, the number of children who have committed acts of violence also has increased. Over the last 30 years, the incidence of adolescent suicide has increased markedly. Approximately 3 million youths were at risk for suicide in 2000, and 37% of those at risk attempted to kill themselves. Among adolescents 15 to 24 years of …
Computing Transformation Semigroups

This paper describes algorithms for computing the structure of finite transformation semigroups. The algorithms depend crucially on a new data structure for an R -class in terms of a group and an action. They provide for local computations, concerning a single R -class, without computing the whole semigroup, as well as for computing the global structure of the semigroup. The algorithms have been implemented in the share package MONOID within theGAP system for computational algebra.
Strategies for mapping synaptic inputs on dendrites in vivo by combining two-photon microscopy, sharp intracellular recording, and pharmacology

Uncovering the functional properties of individual synaptic inputs on single neurons is critical for understanding the computational role of synapses and dendrites. Previous studies combined whole-cell patch recording to load neurons with a fluorescent calcium indicator and two-photon imaging to map subcellular changes in fluorescence upon sensory stimulation. By hyperpolarizing the neuron below spike threshold, the patch electrode ensured that changes in fluorescence associated with synaptic events were isolated from those caused by back-propagating action potentials. This technique holds promise for determining whether the existence of unique cortical feature maps across different species may be associated with distinct wiring diagrams. However, the use of whole-cell patch for mapping inputs on dendrites is challenging in large mammals, due to brain pulsations and the accumulation of fluorescent dye in the extracellular milieu. Alternatively, sharp intracellular electrodes have been used to label neurons with fluorescent dyes, but the current passing capabilities of these high impedance electrodes may be insufficient to prevent spiking. In this study, we tested whether sharp electrode recording is suitable for mapping functional inputs on dendrites in the cat visual cortex. We compared three different strategies for suppressing visually evoked spikes: (1) hyperpolarization by intracellular current injection, (2) pharmacological blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels by intracellular QX-314, and (3) GABA iontophoresis from a perisomatic electrode glued to the intracellular electrode. We found that functional inputs on dendrites could be successfully imaged using all three strategies. However, the best method for preventing spikes was GABA iontophoresis with low currents (5–10 nA), which minimally affected the local circuit. Our methods advance the possibility of determining functional connectivity in preparations where whole-cell patch may be impractical.
Resource allocation for OFDMA cognitive radios under channel uncertainty

A weighted sum-rate maximization problem is considered for an access point (AP) allocating resources to wireless cognitive radios (CRs) communicating using orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA). To protect the incumbent primary user (PU) system operating over the same frequency band, the interference inflicted to the PU receiver must be regulated. Since the channel gain estimates from the AP to the PU receiver may well be inaccurate in practice, a probabilistic interference power constraint is adopted. Although the latter translates to a second-order cone constraint, the overall optimization problem for joint transmit-power and subcarrier allocation is non-convex, and coupled over all subcarriers in general. To circumvent this hurdle, a tight polyhedral approximation of the second-order cone is employed. A near-optimal solution can then be efficiently obtained using the dual method.
Hetero-sexy self/body work and basketball: The invisible sporting women of British Pakistani Muslim heritage

Muslim women's personal relationship with the body beneath and beyond the veil has received little attention, especially in the sporting literature. Instead, talk of sporting Muslim women has been more frequently animated around a monolithic Orientalist narrative that sensationalises the veil, and asserts the oppression of Islamic thinking on gender equality and female sexuality. Similarly, discussions of South Asian Muslim women's participation in sport have been more routinely informed by ethnocentric stereotypes about the ‘passive Asian woman’. In this paper I engage postcolonial feminist thinking to move beyond uncritical dichotomous re/presentations that have systematically denied diverse sporting Muslim women an identity or bodily presence outside of the discursive identity of the veil. I focus on British Muslim Pakistani women who play basketball, and explore the multifarious, dynamic ways in which these women negotiate and perform various discourses pertaining to idealised yet dramaturgical notions of ‘hetero-sexy’ femininity on and off the court. By drawing the fe/male ocular away from the visual aesthetics of the veil and Islamic theocracy in shaping their engagement in sport, I seek to unveil something more personal about the relationship these sporting Muslim women have with the body that they own and an identity which they are actively carving out.
Performance enhancement of differential UWB autocorrelation receivers under ISI

The autocorrelation receiver (AcR) is a suboptimum, low-complexity receiver architecture particularly suited to ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems. As the bit rate increases, interference among pulses due to multipath propagation causes serious impairments of the AcR's performance. To mitigate this effect, we propose an appropriate design of the chip code and of the delay hopping (DH) code. We provide conditions to be satisfied by the DH code in order to reduce the nonlinear intersymbol interference (ISI) and the bias term, which are peculiar nuisance parameters of autocorrelation receivers. By extending the length of the chip code, we show that N/sub p/ transmitted pulses per symbol can be employed to suppress the average linear ISI of N/sub p/-1 previous symbols. Simulated results confirm the performance improvement in terms of bit-error rate. However, in previous work it has been shown that the noise power linearly increases with N/sub p/. Although a large number of pulses per symbol is favorable for ISI mitigation, we show that the transmission of a single pulse minimizes the probability of error, for bit rates lower than an upper bound depending on the channel root mean-square delay spread and on the noise power.
Temporal synchrony, dynamic bindings, and Shruti: A representational but nonclassical model of reflexive reasoning

Abstract Lange & Dyer misunderstand what is meant by an “entity” and confuse a medium of representation (synchrony) with the content being represented. This leads them to the erroneous conclusion that SHRUTI will run out of phases and that its representation of bindings lacks semantic content. It is argued that (1) the limit on the number of phases suffices, and (2) SHRUTI can be interpreted as using “dynamic signatures” that offer significant advantages over fixed preexisting signatures. Bonatti refers to three levels of commitment to a representational theory of the mind (RTM) and states that SHRUTI is committed to RTM at levels 1 and 2. He acknowledges that SHRUTI is not committed at level 3, but argues that an extended SHRUTI would have to make such a commitment. We agree that SHRUTI is committed to RTM at level 1 and, in a sense, also at level 2. SHRUTI, however, is not committed to RTM at level 3 and, even though it has been extended in several ways, it has retained its original representational character.
In vitro and in vivo comparison of five biomaterials used for orthopedic soft tissue augmentation.

OBJECTIVE To compare biomaterials used in orthopedics with respect to in vitro cell viability and cell retention and to in vivo tissue healing and regeneration. ANIMALS 65 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and synovium, tendon, meniscus, and bone marrow specimens obtained from 4 adult canine cadavers. PROCEDURES Synovium, tendon, meniscus, and bone marrow specimens were used to obtain synovial fibroblasts, tendon fibroblasts, meniscal fibrochondrocytes, and bone marrow-derived connective tissue progenitor cells for culture on 5 biomaterials as follows: cross-linked porcine small intestine (CLPSI), non-cross-linked human dermis, cross-linked porcine dermis, non-cross-linked porcine small intestine (NCLPSI), and non-cross-linked fetal bovine dermis. After 1 week of culture, samples were evaluated for cell viability, cell density, and extracellular matrix production. Biomaterials were evaluated in a 1-cm(2) abdominal wall defect in rats. Each biomaterial was subjectively evaluated for handling, suturing, defect fit, and ease of creating the implant at the time of surgery, then grossly and histologically 6 and 12 weeks after surgery. RESULTS All biomaterials allowed for retention of viable cells in culture; however, CLPSI and NCLPSI were consistently superior in terms of cell viability and cell retention. Cell infiltration for NCLPSI was superior to other biomaterials. The NCLPSI appeared to be replaced with regenerative tissue most rapidly in vivo and scored highest in all subjective evaluations of ease of use. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data suggested that NCLPSI and CLPSI have favorable properties for further investigation of clinical application in orthopedic tissue engineering.
Autophagy is involved in endogenous and NVP-AUY922-induced KIT degradation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a prototype of mutant KIT oncogene-driven tumor. Prolonged tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment may result in a resistant phenotype through acquired secondary KIT mutation. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90AA1) is a chaperone protein responsible for protein maturation and stability, and KIT is a known client protein of HSP90AA1. Inhibition of HSP90AA1 has been shown to destabilize KIT protein by enhancing its degradation via the proteasome-dependent pathway. In this study, we demonstrated that NVP-AUY922 (AUY922), a new class of HSP90AA1 inhibitor, is effective in inhibiting the growth of GIST cells expressing mutant KIT protein, the imatinib-sensitive GIST882 and imatinib-resistant GIST48 cells. The growth inhibition was accompanied with a sustained reduction of both total and phosphorylated KIT proteins and the induction of apoptosis in both cell lines. Surprisingly, AUY922-induced KIT reduction could be partially reversed by pharmacological inhibition of either autophagy or proteasome degradation pathway. The blockade of autophagy alone led to the accumulation of the KIT protein, highlighting the role of autophagy in endogenous KIT turnover. The involvement of autophagy in endogenous and AUY922-induced KIT protein turnover was further confirmed by the colocalization of KIT with MAP1LC3B-, acridine orange- or SQSTM1-labeled autophagosome, and by the accumulation of KIT in GIST cells by silencing either BECN1 or ATG5 to disrupt autophagosome activity. Therefore, the results not only highlight the potential application of AUY922 for the treatment of KIT-expressing GISTs, but also provide the first evidence for the involvement of autophagy in endogenous and HSP90AA1 inhibitor-induced KIT degradation.
DAGON: Technology Binding and Local Optimization by DAG Matching

Technology binding is the process of mapping a technology independent description of a circuit into a particular technology. This paper outlines a formalism of this problem and offers a solution to the problem in terms of matching patterns, describing technology specific cells and optimizations, against a technology independent circuit represented as a directed acyclic graph. This solution is implemented in DAGON. DAGON rests on a firm algorithmic foundation, and is able to guarantee locally optimal matches against a set of over three thousand patterns. DAGON is an integral part of a synthesis system that has been found to provide industrial quality solutions to real circuit design problems.
Teaching Summarization Skills: Influences of Student Ability Level and Strategy Difficulty

Four methods of instructing summarization skills were compared to determine which was most effective in improving summaries written by junior college students of two ability levels. The four methods that differed in explicitness were (a) self-management alone, (b) specific rules (i.e., strategies) for summarizing, (c) self-management plus specific rules, and (d) self-management integrated with specific rules. The need for explicit, detailed pairing of self-management and strategy training varied as a function of students' ability level and strategy difficulty. These results are discussed in light of current theories of meta-cognition.
Trended DTW Based on Piecewise Linear Approximation for Time Series Mining

Similarity measure is one of the most important aspects for achieving effectiveness in time series analysis and a variety of similarity methodologies have been proposed. A comprehensive comparison of these methods has been made and it is claimed that the classic method Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) is still very competitive \cite{IEEE:VLDB08}. In this paper we make an improvement to DTW regarding to its weakness: instead of carrying out dynamic programming based on isolated points, we proposed a new dynamic programming procedure based on line segments, which naturally allows the trend information into spatiotemporal data mining and plays a role in the alignment. Experiments show that this method is promising in both improving the effectiveness of similarity measure and speeding up the computation.