Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of nonsinusoidal flux waveform on transformer design methodology

The trend toward miniaturization of high frequency (HF) power transformers and decreasing their cost has motivated research on high power density transformer design and optimization. This paper discusses the calculation of the power losses and optimum flux density in high frequency power transformer used in power electronics applications, where the remagnetization process is often nonsinusoidal. A novel approach is proposed to design the HF power transformer in a accurate, proper and reliable manner. Finally, a comparison of different applied approaches is presented for a DC/AC flyback-type converter.
A compilation on the contribution of the classic-curvature and the intensity-curvature functional to the study of healthy and pathological MRI of the human brain

This paper places the emphasis on two intensity-curvature measurement approaches called: 1) classic-curvature (CC); 2) intensity-curvature functional (ICF) and makes a summary on the contribution of the CC and the ICF to the study of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the healthy human brain and also of human brain tumors. The summary is structured referencing earlier related works and also adding evidence of the improvements to MRI imaging: 1) the CC changes the gray scale of the MRI; 2) the ICF shows the visually perceptible third dimension which can identify the tumor contour line; 3) the CC and the ICF are indeed filter masks, which determine two additional domains of the MRI image. Thus, the evidence makes this piece of work different from related research and also indicates that there are four domains in addition to the MRI where is possible to study both healthy and pathological human brains.
Autobiographical amnesia with ECT: an analysis of the roles of stimulus wave form, electrode placement, stimulus energy, and seizure length.

Based on the hypothesis that decreased stimulus energy might reduce ECT-induced amnesia, Liberson (1948) and others advocated seizure induction with low-energy pulse wave forms instead of the conventional sinusoidal wave form. Recent studies have reported similar antidepressive efficacy between brief-pulse and sinusoidal ECT (Carney and Sheffield, 1974; Weaver et al., I~77; Welch et al., 1982). However, existing studies (Medlicott , 1948; Epstein and Wender, 1956; Kendall et al., 1956 ; Valentine et al., 1968) that report more amnesia following sine than pulse ECT contain methodological inadequacies that render the results equivocal (discussed by Daniel et al., 1982: Daniel and Cruvitz, in press). Preliminary results from a recent study (Weiner et al., 1982) revealed a nonsignificant trend towards greater "personal memory" impairment following sinusoidal than brief-pulse ECT. Another recent study (Daniel et al., 1982) reported no intergroup difference in autobiographical memory (memory for a specific episode in patients' lives). However, this latter study used a single
Autonomous tracking and counting of footsteps by mobile phone cameras

In this paper, we present an autonomous method to track and count footsteps by using the camera data from mobile phones or tablets. Many step counters, relying on accelerometer data, are widely available. However, accelerometer-based algorithms are prone to overcounting. In our proposed method, feature points are detected first. Then, in order to increase robustness and accuracy especially in the case of highly-textured ground and floor surfaces, Kalman filter based tracking is performed. The proposed method is compared with existing accelerometer-based step counters. Experiments are performed with multiple subjects carrying five mobile devices simultaneously, including smart phones and watches, at different locations on their body. A SamsungTM Galaxy S4 smartphone is used to capture the videos. The results show that the proposed camera-based footstep counting has the lowest average error rate for different users, and is more reliable compared to accelerometer-based counters. The average error rate for the proposed method is 2.68%, and the standard deviation of the error is 2.39%.
Genotype and Allele Frequencies of MDR-1 Gene Polymorphism in Jordanian and Sudanese Populations

The aim of this study was to determine the genotype and allele frequencies of MDR1 gene C3435T polymorphism in Jordanian and Sudanese populations, and to compare them with the frequencies established in various ethnic groups. Genotyping was carried out on 116 unrelated Jordanian and 131 Sudanese subjects. The genotypes of polymorphic position C3435T were determined by PCR-RFLP assay. Results showed that 20.7% of the studied Jordanian subjects were homozygous for the CC genotype, 51.7% were heterozygous for the CT genotype and 27.6% were homozygous for the TT genotype. Among Sudanese subjects, the genotype frequencies were: CC 52.7%, CT 42.0% and TT 5.3%. The frequencies of the 3435T variant in the MDR-1 Gene in Jordanians and Sudanese were found to be 0.534 and 0.263, respectively. According to the distribution of the C3435T SNP, Jordanians were resemble Asians and Europeans but were different significantly from Sudanese, while Sudanese were similar to Africans. In conclusion, the observed distribution of the C3435T SNP in the Jordanian and Sudanese populations was within the range detected in other populations. The data obtained may give the basis for predicting effects of drugs that are substrates for MDR-1 in Jordanian and Sudanese populations and may be useful for individualized therapy of some diseases.
Does the school fruit and vegetable scheme improve children’s diet? A non-randomised controlled trial

Objective: Evaluation of the impact on diet of the school fruit and vegetable scheme (SFVS). Design: Non-randomised controlled trial. Setting: Infant and primary schools in the north of England. Participants: 3703 children aged four to six years (reception, year 1, and year 2). Intervention: One portion of fruit or vegetable provided per child on each school day between February and December 2004. Main outcome measures: Fruit and vegetables consumed and intake of nutrients. Results: The SFVS was associated with an increase in fruit intake across reception and year 1 pupils of 0.4 portions (95% confidence interval, 0.2 to 0.5) and 0.6 portions (0.4 to 0.9), respectively, at three months, which fell to 0.2 (0.1 to 0.4) and 0.3 (0.1 to 0.6) at seven months. In year 2 it was associated with an increase of 0.5 portions (0.2 to 0.7) of fruit at three months, which fell to baseline values at seven months when these children were no longer eligible for the scheme. Overall, at seven months there were no changes in vegetable consumption, no associations between the SFVS and energy, fat, or salt intake, and small changes in carotene and vitamin C intake. Conclusions: The SFVS promoted an increase in fruit intake after three months. At seven months the effect remained significant but reduced, and it returned to baseline in year 2 when pupils were no longer part of the scheme. There was a small impact on the intake of some nutrients across the children surveyed.
End-point dilution and plaque assay methods for titration of cricket paralysis virus in cultured Drosophila cells.

Cricket paralysis virus, an insect picorna-like virus, caused a distinct c.p.e. in cultured Drosophila melanogaster cells, allowing the development of titration methods based on end-point dilution or plaque assay methods. The end-point dilution (TCD50) method is more sensitive and economical than plaque assays and is easily scored. The data indicate a minimum infectivity/particle ratio of about 1/2000.
Acute Effects of Flexi-Bar vs. Sham-Bar Exercise on Muscle Electromyography Activity and Performance

Mileva, KN, Kadr, M, Amin, N, and Bowtell, JL. Acute effects of flexi-bar vs. sham-bar exercise on muscle electromyography activity and performance. J Strength Cond Res 24(3): 737-748, 2010-This study was conducted to investigate whether the low-frequency (5-Hz) oscillatory vibration-like stimulus, purported to be delivered by exercising with Flexi-bar, acutely affects muscle activation and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. Nine healthy men participated in 2 trials, separated by at least 1 week, during which 4 × 30-second sets of exercise were performed with either the Flexi bar or a Sham bar. Maximal voluntary contraction force for elbow flexion, elbow extension, and knee extension were measured before and after the exercise. Root-mean-square amplitude and median frequency of electromyography (EMG) signal were calculated for the first and last 10 seconds of each exercise set and during the MVCs from biceps brachii (BB), triceps brachii (TB), rectus femoris (RF), and vastus lateralis (VL) for each trial. Electromyography amplitude was significantly higher for all studied muscles during Flexi-bar than Sham-bar exercise (32-203%, p < 0.05). Median frequency of EMG power spectrum was significantly lower in arm (TB: −40 ± 13%, p < 0.0001; BB: −32 ± 25%, p = 0.015) but not in leg (RF: −12 ± 18%; VL: +6 ± 32%; p > 0.05) muscles during Flexi-bar compared with Sham-bar exercise. Knee extension MVC force significantly decreased after Flexi-bar exercise (−3 ± 7%, p = 0.048) in parallel with reduced RF EMG amplitude (−8 ± 5%, p = 0.04), but there were no acute residual effects on elbow flexion/extension MVC or arm and VL EMG muscle activity. Using Flexi bar during exercise provoked acute alterations in arm- and leg-muscle EMG parameters and maximum force-generating capacity, indicating greater fatigue development than when exercising with the Sham bar. The results of this study indicate that Flexi bar may therefore be used to impose a stronger training stimulus on the muscle during submaximal exercise.
Realization of Aging-Aware Reliable Multiplier Using Verilog

Digital multipliers are among the most vital arithmetic functional units. The overall performance of these systems depends on the throughput of the multiplier. Transistor aging results in circuit delay degradation over time, and is a growing concern for future systems. Therefore, it is important to design reliable high-performance multipliers. In this project, we propose an aging-aware multiplier design with novel adaptive hold logic (AHL) circuit. The multiplier is able to provide higher throughput through the variable latency and can adjust the AHL circuit to mitigate performance degradation that is due to the aging effect. Moreover, the proposed architecture can be applied to a columnor row-bypassing multiplier. The experimental results show that our proposed architecture with 8 ×8 column-bypassing multipliers and Furthermore, our proposed architecture with 8 × 8 row-bypassing multipliers. We can also develop 64 x 64 multiplier also as an extension to this project. By this we can also decrease the delay when compared to 8 x 8 multiplier.
Lateralized human brain language systems demonstrated by task subtraction functional magnetic resonance imaging.

OBJECTIVE To develop a procedure for noninvasive measurement of language lateralization with functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN Functional neuroimaging using time-series echo-planar MRI. SETTING University medical center research facility. SUBJECTS Five healthy, right-handed, young adults. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number of MRI voxels in left and right hemispheres showing task-related signal increases during two contrasting auditory processing tasks. The nonlinguistic task involved processing of pure tones, while the linguistic task involved processing of single words based on semantic content. RESULTS The pure-tone processing task activated temporal lobe auditory areas and dorsolateral frontal regions bilaterally. Using this task as a control condition, the semantic processing task resulted in lateralized activity in distributed regions of the left hemisphere. A significant effect of task on intrahemispheric activity pattern was demonstrated in every subject. Results were reproduced in preliminary studies of test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate the lateralized anatomy of semantic linguistic systems in contrast to non-linguistic auditory sensory processors and introduce a task subtraction technique adapted for functional MRI as a noninvasive measure of language lateralization.
Experimental characterization of a direct sequence spread spectrum system for in-house wireless infrared communications

The design and experimental characterization of a wireless infrared direct-sequence spread spectrum (WIR-DSSS) system is presented This prototype support low and medium data rates (up to 64 kbps) enough for most consumer appliances, but can be easily increased to rates of about 1-2 Mbps if required. This system is designed to be used in the control and interconnection of heterogeneous appliances in the in-house environment, such as microwave ovens, washing machines, refrigerators, audio equipment, etc. The application of this technology for these kinds of channels allows the possibility of interchanging events without the need for a line-of-sight path between emitter and receiver. This eliminates the effect of ISI induced by multipath propagation and also permits the sharing of the channel avoiding the use of complex protocols (such as CSMA) using code-division multiple-access (CDMA) strategies.
Exact path delay grading with fundamental BDD operations

Formulates the fault grading problem as a combinatorial problem that amounts to storing and manipulating sets on a special type of binary decision diagrams (BDDs), called zero-suppressed BDDs (ZBDDs), that represent sets in a unique and compact manner. A simple modification of the basic scheme allows us to overcome memory problems that may arise by complex set representation. Experimental results on the ISCAS'85 benchmarks show considerable improvement over all existing techniques for exact PDF grading. The main advantages of the proposed methodology are the simplicity of the approach, in terms of it being expressed by a polynomial number of increasingly efficient BDD-based operations, its organization, and its ability to handle very large test sets.
Clinorotation differentially inhibits T-lymphocyte transcription factor activation

SummaryT lymphocytes cultured under the low-shear stress environment of modeled microgravity demonstrate an inhibition of activation in response to T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling. Modeled microgravity culture-induced inhibition mimics the inhibition observed during spaceflight. This work investigates the molecular signaling events of interleukin 2 transcription activation in modeled microgravity as generated with clinorotation. Under normal conditions, NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) is dephosphorylated and activated with sustained calcium (Ca++) influx and calcineurin activity, whereas AP-1 is activated by protein kinase C (PKC) and Ras-mediated pathways. Purified human T lymphocytes are shown to exhibit differential inhibition of transcription factor activation in modeled microgravity. Activation of AP-1 is blocked with clinorotation, whereas NFAT dephosphorylation occurs. This work supports the theory that modeled microgravity differentially blooks the activation of distinct signaling mechanism.
SAR imaging of dominant scatterers using cascading StOMP

We propose an algorithm for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging of dominant scatterers based on the theory of Compressive Sensing (CS). The SAR raw data is randomly sampled in two-dimensional, and the pulse compressing and azimuth focusing are implemented by stagewise orthogonal matching pursuit (StOMP). In order to preserve all energy of lower scatterers, two stage thresholds are designed while implementing pulse compressing. The experiments on real SAR data show that wide-scene image can be constructed using less data, without the loss of resolution.
A Vr Enhanced Collaborative System for 3d Confocal Microscopic Image Processing and Visualization

With the rapid advancement in high-resolution confocal imaging, various forms of microscopy deliver substantial amount of valuable 3D cell biological information. Currently, image processing, modeling, visualization and analysis on confocal microscopic datasets are, however, still more or less following the traditional fashion that is 2D centric via a slice-by-slice strategy. Such image sequence based operations not only leads to lengthy processing times but also can potentially cause problems in data communication and interpretation, and knowledge discovery in a global 3D cellular level. In this paper, we describe our solution for processing, visualization and quantification of 3D confocal images with the CellStudio system we developed. CellStudio has a collaborative feature allowing 3D confocal data to be collected and retrieved across the net. CellStudio is also an integrated solution enabling 3D confocal image processing, volumetric visualization and interactive quantification performed in a network connected PC/Window platform.
[A NEW SERUM FACTOR IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: THE ANTIPERINUCLEAR FACTOR (APF)].

During an investigation of the occurrence of antinuclear factors (ANF) in the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (Bechterew's disease), and various other diseases, by means of Coons's immunofluorescent technique with epithelial cells from human buccal mucosa as substrate, we found (in addition to the variations in nuclear fluorescence as described by Beck, 1961) a cytoplasmic fluorescence due to a factor which, as far as we know, has not previously been described. In epithelial cells from healthy human buccal mucosa first incubated with a serum containing the factor and thereafter layered with a rabbit antihuman globulin serum conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate, a speckled cytoplasmic fluorescence was observed. This phenomenon was seen in some cells as brilliant fluorescent particles with a diameter between 4 and 7 m,u, often lying in a plane like the rings of Saturn around the nuclei. For this reason we called it perinuclear fluorescence (PNF) and the factor causing it the antiperinuclear factor (APF) (Figure, opposite).
Microstructured Blood Vessel Surrogates Reveal Structural Tropism of Motile Malaria Parasites

Plasmodium sporozoites, the highly motile forms of the malaria parasite, are transmitted naturally by mosquitoes and traverse the skin to find, associate with, and enter blood capillaries. Research aimed at understanding how sporozoites select blood vessels is hampered by the lack of a suitable experimental system. Arrays of uniform cylindrical pillars can be used to study small cells moving in controlled environments. Here, an array system displaying a variety of pillars with different diameters and shapes is developed in order to investigate how Plasmodium sporozoites associate to the pillars as blood vessel surrogates. Investigating the association of sporozoites to pillars in arrays displaying pillars of different diameters reveals that the crescent‐shaped parasites prefer to associate with and migrate around pillars with a similar curvature. This suggests that after transmission by a mosquito, malaria parasites may use a structural tropism to recognize blood capillaries in the dermis in order to gain access to the blood stream.
Exploring potential R&D collaboration partners through patent analysis based on bibliographic coupling and latent semantic analysis

The aim of the present research is to provide a new systematic methodology to explore potential Research and Development (R&D) collaboration partners using patent information. The potential R&D collaboration partners are visualised as a patent assignee level map based on technological similarity between patents by using the network analysis. The proposed framework utilises two analytic methods to measure technological similarity. The first method, bibliographic coupling analysis, measures technological similarity based on the citation relationship using patent bibliographic information. Second, latent semantic analysis is utilised based on semantic similarity using patent textual information. The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly technology field is selected and applied to illustrate the proposed methodology. The proposed approach allows firms, universities, research institutes and governments to identify potential R&D collaborators as a systematic decision-making support tool.
Graphene Q-Switched Vectorial Fiber Laser With Switchable Polarized Output

We report a graphene Q-switched ytterbium-doped fiber laser with switchable cylindrical vector beam output. The 6-8 layers CVD-grown graphene films were transferred to the target substrate by an ultrasonic processing method, and its saturation intensity and modulation depth are measured to be about 0.61 MW/cm2 and 13.2% at 1072 nm by the Z-scan technique. We used a nanograting spatially variant waveplate as an intracavity polarization controlling element to convert pulsed Gaussian beam to radially or azimuthally polarized beam in the fiber laser cavity. Stable Q-switching operation can be achieved with the output power up to 253 mW and pulse energy 7.73 μJ at the maximum incident pump power. The polarization extinction ratio of radially and azimuthally polarized beam is 97.4% and 96.9%, respectively. The experimental results suggest that the graphene can act as a potential nonlinear optical material to modulate pulsed fiber lasers with spatially inhomogeneous polarizations.
The effect of the “very important paper” (VIP) designation in Angewandte Chemie International Edition on citation impact: A propensity score matching analysis

Scientific journals publish an increasing number of articles every year. To steer readers’ attention to the most important papers, journals use several techniques (e.g., lead paper). Angewandte Chemie International Edition (AC), a leading international journal in chemistry, signals high‐quality papers through designating them as a “very important paper” (VIP). This study aims to investigate the citation impact of Communications in AC receiving the special feature VIP, both cumulated and over time. Using propensity score matching, treatment group (VIP) and control group (non‐VIP) were balanced for 14 covariates to estimate the unconfounded “average treatment effect on the treated” for the VIP designation. Out of N = 3,011 Communications published in 2007 and 2008, N = 207 received the special feature VIP. For each Communication, data were collected from AC (e.g., referees’ ratings) and from the databases Chemical Abstracts (e.g., sections) and the Web of Science (e.g., citations). The estimated unconfounded average treatment effect on the treated (that is, Communications designated as a VIP) was statistically significant and amounted to 19.83 citations. In addition, the special feature VIP fostered the cumulated annual citation growth. For instance, the time until a Communication reached its maximum annual number of citations, was reduced.
Youth Program Adult Leader's Directive Assistance and Autonomy Support and Development of Adolescents’ Agency Capacity

Developing a capacity for exercising agency is an important developmental task of adolescence. Many organized youth programs provide adolescents opportunities to build their capacity to exercise agency. The researchers tested hypotheses that adult youth program leader's directive assistance and autonomy support would promote adolescents' capacity for agency. They surveyed 441 high school adolescents and 11 adult advisors from 10 Future Farmers of America chapters twice over 2 years. Adolescents self-reported on their capacity for agency and advisors reported on each adolescent's capacity. Directive assistance and autonomy support correlated with the capacity for agency within both time points. Only autonomy support predicted adolescents' capacity for agency over time. Implications of leader's support for adolescents' capacity for exercising agency are discussed.