Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shiga Toxin 1 and 2 Induce Apoptosis in the Amniotic Cell Line WISH

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of Shiga toxin (Stx) 1 and 2 on amniotic cells in vitro. Methods: WISH cells, which were derived from human amniotic cells, and Vero cells were cultured with or without Stxs. After 24 hours of culture, cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8, and extracted DNA was electrophoresed on a 1% agarose gel. The morphologic changes were observed by Papanicolaou staining, and the apoptotic index (percentage of apoptotic nuclei per total nuclei) was calculated. Quantification of apoptotic cells was also measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The viability of WISH cells decreased in proportion to the concentrations of Stxs. Cellular ladder formation was observed by DNA electrophoresis of Stx-treated WISH cells, and the typical morphologic changes were observed by Papanicolaou staining. The proportion of apoptotic cell increased in response to Stxs. Conclusions: Stxs injured WISH cells directly and induced apoptosis in vitro. WISH cells were as sensitive as Vero cells to Stxs and cell death occurred by apoptosis.
The Effects of Prefrontal Cortex Inactivation on Object Responses of Single Neurons in the Inferotemporal Cortex during Visual Search

Inferotemporal cortex (IT) is believed to be directly involved in object processing and necessary for accurate and efficient object recognition. The frontal eye field (FEF) is an area in the primate prefrontal cortex that is involved in visual spatial selection and is thought to guide spatial attention and eye movements. We show that object-selective responses of IT neurons and behavioral performance are affected by changes in frontal eye field activity. This was found in monkeys performing a search classification task by temporarily inactivating subregions of FEF while simultaneously recording the activity from single neurons in IT. The effect on object selectivity and performance was specific, occurring in a predictable spatially dependent manner and was strongest when the IT neuron's preferred target was presented in the presence of distractors. FEF inactivation did not affect IT responses on trials in which the nonpreferred target was presented in the search array.
A Survey on Human Emotion Recognition Approaches, Databases and Applications

This paper presents the various emotion classification and recognition systems which implement methods aiming at improving Human Machine Interaction. The modalities and approaches used for affect detection vary and contribute to accuracy and efficacy in detecting emotions of human beings. This paper discovers them in a comparison and descriptive manner. Various applications that use the methodologies in different contexts to address the challenges in real time are discussed. This survey also describes the databases that can be used as standard data sets in the process of emotion identification. Thus an integrated discussion of methods, databases used and applications pertaining to the emerging field of Affective Computing (AC) is done and surveyed. This paper presents the various emotion classification and recognition systems which implement methods aiming at improving Human Machine Interaction. The modalities and approaches used for affect detection vary and contribute to accuracy and efficacy in detecting emotions of human beings. This paper discovers them in a comparison and descriptive manner. Various applications that use the methodologies in different contexts to address the challenges in real time are discussed. This survey also describes the databases that can be used as standard data sets in the process of emotion identification. Thus an integrated discussion of methods, databases used and applications pertaining to the emerging field of Affective Computing (AC) is done and surveyed.
Thermal fluctuations of a quantized massive scalar field in a Rindler background

Thermal fluctuations for a massive scalar field in the Rindler wedge are obtained by applying the point-splitting procedure to the zero-temperature Feynman propagator in a conical spacetime. Renormalization is implemented by removing the zero-temperature contribution. It is shown that for a field of nonvanishing mass the thermal fluctuations, when expressed in terms of the local temperature, do not have Minkowski form. As a by-product, Minkowski vacuum fluctuations seen by a uniformly accelerated observer are determined and confronted with the literature.
Integrating Mobile Agent Infrastructures in Operational ERP Systems

In this paper we present our most recent work carried out in the wider context of the IST-ADRENALIN project, to facilitate formation and lifecycle management of networked enterprises. The projects focus is in designing and building an execution “kernel” for mobile agent applications written in Java, using the Aglets platform and integrating it with any existing ERP system. For integrating mobile agent infrastructures in operational ERP systems, we developed a generic model, which we call Mobile Agent Model, and which encompasses two parts concerning the Agent Logic and the Agent Proprietary Data, analysed in more detail in this paper. This model is branch independent and builds on the Adrenalin Company concept, where the fractal and the Information supply chain concepts are combined, introducing that every process, activity and resource can be defined with the “triangle” of executor – controller co-ordinator tasks, supporting characteristics of self-similarity, self-organisation, self-optimisation and dynamic organisational behaviour.
A new Holistic Algorithm and Application for XML Tree Pattern Matching

XML has become a defacto standard to store, share and exchange business data across homogenous and heterogeneous platforms. The interoperability is possible though XML. As enterprises are generating huge amount of data in XML format, there is a need for processing XML tree pattern queries. The existing holistic algorithms for XML tree pattern matching queries exhibit suboptimmality problem as they consider intermediate results before taking final results. This causes suboptimal performance. This suboptimality is overcome by using TreeMatch algorithm. This paper implements a prototype application that makes use of dewey labeling scheme to overcome suboptimality. The experimental results revealed that the proposed algorithm is better than the existing algorithms. Index Terms – XML, parser, XSL, algorithms, dewey labeling, xml tree pattern query.
Local gradient increasing pattern for facial expression recognition

This paper presents a new facial descriptor for facial expression recognition based on the Local Gradient Increasing Pattern (LGIP). A LGIP feature is to encode the intensity increasing trends in eight directions at each pixel using eight binary bits, and then a decimal code is assigned to describe the over-all increasing trend. The facial descriptor is generated from grid-based regional LGIP histograms. Subsequently, Support Vector Machine classifier is used for multi-class expression classification. Extensive experiments using Cohn-Kanade and Jaffe databases show that the LGIP based descriptor outperforms other related algorithms.
Multistability and Bifurcation Analysis of Inhibitory Coupled Cyclic Genetic Regulatory Networks With Delays

Many biological systems have the conspicuous property to present more than one stable state and diverse rhythmic behaviors. A closed relationship between these complex dynamic behaviors and cyclic genetic structures has been witnessed by pioneering works. In this paper, a typical structure of inhibitory coupled cyclic genetic networks is introduced to further enlighten this mechanism of stability and biological rhythms of living cells. The coupled networks consist of two identical cyclic genetic subnetworks, which inhibit each other directly. Each subnetwork can be regarded as a genetic unit at the cellular level. Multiple time delays, including both internal and coupling delays, are considered. The existence of positive equilibriums for this kind of coupled systems is proved, and the stability for each equilibrium is analyzed without or with delays. It is shown that the coupled networks with positive cyclic genetic units have an ability to show multistability, while the coupled networks with negative units may present a series of Hopf bifurcations with the variation of time delays. Several numerical simulations are made to prove our results.
LANGUAGES AND LIVES THROUGH A CRITICAL EYE: THE CASE OF ESTONIA

This article seeks to situate Estonian language use and policy within the emerging field of critical language policy and planning (LPP). Critical LPP draws on poststructuralist theory to deconstruct normalized categories that maintain systems of inequality. It is akin to the queer theory project for gender and sexuality. Since the country regained its independence in 1991, Estonian language planners have attempted to promote Estonian given the domain loss it suffered under Soviet occupation. But what justification can there be today for a policy in favor of Estonian when this is once again a majority language? The poststructuralist perspective allows us to view operations of power not as the result of intergroup or interlingual tensions but rather of discursive structures that privilege certain ways of knowing over others. This, it is hoped, will afford us lessons for exploring equitable and ethical outcomes in other polities that are trying to reverse the decline of an indigenous language following periods of colonial or other forms of political oppression. Indeed, the preservation of diversity, I argue, is often—but not always—an equitable and ethical outcome in and of itself.
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Phenothiazine and Quinoline Derivatives

Application of a dynamic microwave power system in the chemical synthesis of some phenothiazine and quinoline derivatives is described. Heterocyclic ring formation, aromatic nucleophilic substitution and heterocyclic aldehydes/ketones condensation reactions were performed on solid support, or under solvent free reaction conditions. The microwave-assisted Duff formylation of phenothiazine was achieved. Comparison of microwave-assisted synthesis with the conventional synthetic methods demonstrates advantages related to shorter reaction times and in some cases better reaction yields.
Propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español de la escala revisada de restricción alimentaria en una muestra de adolescentes

La escala de restriccion revisada (ER) es un instrumento psicometrico para medir restriccion alimentaria cronica. Objetivo: Obtener la fiabilidad y estructura factorial de la version en espanol de la ER en una muestra de adolescentes. Materiales y metodo: 838 adolescentes (15,5 anos) completaron el instrumento. Se realizo un analisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio sobre los puntajes. Resultados: Ambas sub-escalas de la ER muestran una fiabilidad apropiada, aunque el item 9 mostro una homogeneidad corregida pobre (r<.3). Dos factores correlacionados emergieron del analisis factorial, explicando el 55,76% de la varianza. El analisis confirmatorio develo un ajuste moderado de la estructura bifactorial hipotetica. Conclusiones: El instrumento muestra una estructura bifactorial y niveles adecuados de fiabilidad en una muestra de adolescentes.
CyanOmics: an integrated database of omics for the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002

Cyanobacteria are an important group of organisms that carry out oxygenic photosynthesis and play vital roles in both the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the Earth. The annotated genome of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, as an ideal model cyanobacterium, is available. A series of transcriptomic and proteomic studies of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 cells grown under different conditions have been reported. However, no database of such integrated omics studies has been constructed. Here we present CyanOmics, a database based on the results of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 omics studies. CyanOmics comprises one genomic dataset, 29 transcriptomic datasets and one proteomic dataset and should prove useful for systematic and comprehensive analysis of all those data. Powerful browsing and searching tools are integrated to help users directly access information of interest with enhanced visualization of the analytical results. Furthermore, Blast is included for sequence-based similarity searching and Cluster 3.0, as well as the R hclust function is provided for cluster analyses, to increase CyanOmics’s usefulness. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first integrated omics analysis database for cyanobacteria. This database should further understanding of the transcriptional patterns, and proteomic profiling of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 and other cyanobacteria. Additionally, the entire database framework is applicable to any sequenced prokaryotic genome and could be applied to other integrated omics analysis projects. Database URL: http://lag.ihb. ac.cn/cyanomics
The Role of Sociocultural Adjustment During an Internal Merger Change

Large-scale corporate restructures are a commonly used business strategy performed to streamline structure and systems, and hence, improve efficiency and competitive advantage. Reconfiguring a workforce is not an easy task, however, especially if it involves the amalgamation of previously distinct workgroups. The personal and work-related consequences of merger-related change have been well-researched and documented, as have the support mechanisms that change managers can use to support the change. Following the proposition that sociocultural adjustment may also contribute to merger outcomes, the current study used structural equation modelling to assess the experiences of two previously distinct employee groups as they interacted during an internal merger. The two employee samples were sourced from a multi-national communications organisation (N = 295; males = 45%, females = 55%). Data was collected through questionnaires at three points in time (baseline, 6 months and 12 months). Structural equation results indicated that sociocultural adjustment was an important factor that contributed to employees' personal (i.e. psychological distress) and work-related (i.e. role ambiguity, job satisfaction, and organisational commitment) outcomes of change over. Sociocultural adjustment played a role above antecedent mechanisms used by the employee (i.e. openness to change) and the organisation (communication, social support, and employee participation). A multiple-group model showed that sociocultural adjustment affected psychological distress, but not work-related outcomes, differently for the host and acculturated groups. Specifically, sociocultural adjustment contributed to the acculturated group’s psychological distress significantly more than to the host group’s. Overall, the findings of the current research highlight the importance of managing the sociocultural aspects of merger-related change.
Coupled hyperspectral super-resolution and unmixing

The acquired hyperspectral data are always in low resolution in both spatial and spectral domains, which will result in lots of mixed pixels and degrade the detection and recognition performance in civil and military applications. So many super resolution techniques are applied to overcome this limit. In this paper, we propose a coupled hyperspectral spatial super-resolution and spectral unmixing method based on sparse representation. Combing spatial super-resolution and spectral unmixing can precisely conserve both spatial information and spectral correlation among different bands. Spectral unmixing is taken as a regularization term in spatial super-resolution to test spectral consistency and avoid spectral distortion, while spatial super-resolution is used to enhance the resolution of abundance map after spectral unmixing.
Boys, Books, and Boredom: A Case of Three High School Boys and Their Encounters With Literacy

We examine the literacy gender gap through the documented experiences of 3 representative high schools boys and their teacher—how they view themselves as students, their dispositions toward schooling and education, and their engagement with literacy—as a way to further understand how literacy teachers can better work with them. We offer a case study analysis of the boys' struggles with academic reading in high school reading classes aimed at addressing the needs of young people who read far below grade level in school. We highlight the multifaceted, complex nature of “struggle” or “reluctance” toward academic reading and argue that no 1 single factor drives or maintains reluctance. Instead, we demonstrate how cycles of narrow definitions of literacy and what it means to be literate, negative experiences with teachers, frustration with academic and social structures in schools, and difficult relationships at home all work together to perpetuate struggles with reading.
Dripping and Jetting in Coflowing liquid Streams

Drop formation and dripping and jetting phenomena occur in an extremely large variety of situation, spanning a broad range of physical length scales. In this paper, we study the dynamics of dripping-to-jetting transition for two immiscible coflowing liquid streams numerically. Two different classes of transition are identified. In both cases, nonlinear dynamical phenomena such as period doubling and chaos are observed between simple dripping and jetting. Extensive numerical calculations show that the first class of dripping-to-jetting transition is determined by the Weber number of the inner fluid Win, and the second class of dripping-to-jetting transition is controlled by capillary number of the outer fluid Cout.
IMPROVING HEX-PROGRAM EVALUATION BASED ON UNFOUNDED SETS

HEX programs extend logic programs with external computations through external atoms. As already reasoning from Horn programs with nonmonotonic external atoms of polynomial complexity is on the second level of the polynomial hierarchy, minimality checking of answer set candidates needs special attention. To this end, we present an approach based on unfounded sets as a generalization of related techniques for ordinary ASP programs. The unfounded set detection is efficiently expressed as a propositional SAT problem, for which we provide two different encodings and optimizations to them. We then integrate our approach into a previously developed evaluation framework for HEX-programs, which is enriched by additional learning techniques that aim at avoiding the reconstruction of the same or related unfounded sets. Furthermore, we provide a syntactic criterion that allows one to skip the minimality check in practically relevant cases. It benignly carries over to the components of an appropriate program decomposition, which can be exploited to restrict unfounded set search to relevant parts of the program. An experimental evaluation shows that the new approach significantly decreases runtime. 1Institut für Informationssysteme, Technische Universität Wien, Favoritenstraße 9-11, A-1040 Vienna, Austria; email: {eiter,fink,tkren,redl}@kr.tuwien. ac.at. 2Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orhanli, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; email: peterschueller@sabanciuniv.edu. Acknowledgements: This research has been supported by the Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) project ICT08-020. This report is an extended version of [Eiter et al., 2012c,b,d]. Copyright c © 2013 by the authors 2 INFSYS RR Draft 1843-12-08
Optimized Mobile Indoor Robot Navigation through Probabilistic Tracking of People in a Wireless Sensor Network

In this work it will be shown how the navigation capabilities of a typical mobile indoor robot can be significantly improved by information gathered through a smart environment. Concretely, people moving in this environment are sensed using a network of very simple and cheap wireless sensor nodes and then tracked using Monte Carlo filtering techniques. The maximum permissible velocity of the mobile robot is adapted dynamically according to the current position of the people in the environment. If the path the robot is to take is clear the velocity will be increased, resulting in significantly shorter traveling times. The system is designed to be robust and to also operate when single nodes of the network or even the network at a whole fails. The approach has been evaluated in several simulation experiments and has shown to significantly improve the mean transportation speeds of a mobile robot. Keywords: Indoor Navigation, People Tracking, Wireless Sensor Network, Sensor Fusion, Bayesian Filters
A Warped Accretion Disk and Wide-Angle Outflow in the Inner Parsec of the Circinus Galaxy

We present the first VLBI maps of H2O maser emission (λ1.3 cm) in the nucleus of the Circinus galaxy, constructed from data obtained with the Australia Telescope Long Baseline Array. The maser emission traces a warped, edge-on accretion disk between radii of 0.11 ± 0.02 and ~0.40 pc, as well as a wide-angle outflow that extends up to ~1 pc from the estimated disk center. The disk rotation is close to Keplerian (v ∝ r-0.5), the maximum detected rotation speed is 260 km s-1, and the inferred central mass is (1.7 ± 0.3) × 106 M☉. The outflowing masers are irregularly distributed above and below the disk, with relative outflow velocities up to ~±160 km s-1, projected along the line of sight. The flow probably originates closer than 0.1 pc to the central engine, possibly in an inward extension of the accretion disk, although there is only weak evidence of rotation in the outward-moving material. We observe that the warp of the disk appears to collimate the outflow and to fix the extent of the ionization cone observed on larger angular scales. This study provides the first direct evidence (i.e., through imaging) of dusty, high-density, molecular material in a nuclear outflow less than 1 pc from the central engine of a Seyfert galaxy, as well as the first graphic evidence that warped accretion disks can channel outflows and illumination patterns in active galactic nuclei. We speculate that the same arrangement, which in some ways obviates the need for a geometrically thick, dusty torus, may apply to other type 2 active galactic nuclei.
A task-oriented service personalization scheme for smart environments using reinforcement learning

Users want IoT environments to provide them with personalized support. These environments therefore need to be able to learn user preferences, such as what temperature the room should be or which lights should be turned on. We propose a novel system that separates the tasks of learning a user's preferences and realizing them within the environment. The system is able to capture user preferences by reinterpreting the problem as an optimization problem and applying inverse reinforcement learning to it. The system is shown to be able to accurately extract simple preferences given a small number of user demonstrations. These preferences are then realized by actuates devices running reinforcement learning-based agents to provide an environment consistent with the learnt preferences, also in situations not included in any user demonstration.