Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Customer Involvement in Product Development: An Industrial Network Perspective

Purpose: In business markets, working with customers and users has become increasingly important to get knowledge about customer needs and to develop new products. The purpose of this article is twofold: (1) to develop a framework for analyzing customer involvement in product development in a business market context, and (2) to apply this framework to a particular company to describe and analyze how it practices customer involvement. Methodology/approach: The article takes its main theoretical starting point in the industrial network approach, but also uses other literature from the innovation and product development field. The empirical study applies a qualitative case study approach and focuses on one company in the truck business. Findings: The suggested framework deals with four key aspects of customer involvement: Why, when, how, and who. The observed pattern of the truck manufacturer shows how dealers, hauliers, and truck drivers are all part of the overall understanding of the customer. These actors are involved for different, typically very clear, purposes at different points in time through surveys, product clinics, and field testing. The pattern, referred to as mixed facilitative, is not one of close collaboration with individual customers, but one of broad involvement of several customers through business intelligence and direct involvement. Research implications: First, the article provides researchers with a framework and method for studying customer involvement in product development. Second, the case study provides an illustrative example of the customer involvement pattern pursued by a leading company in a major industry. This enhances the understanding of the focal phenomenon, leads to managerial implications, and gives ideas for future research. Practical implications: There are several managerial implications related to the why, when, how, and who questions. For example, it is pointed out that managers should consider involving customers more extensively than what seems to be common today—for example, by using customers as codevelopers, working with them throughout the entire development process (i.e., not only early and late), and including different types of users (with different requirements and wishes). Originality/value/contribution of the article: The contribution lies in the development of a framework centered on the four key questions of customer involvement in product development and using this framework for observing a pattern, and finding explanations and relating this pattern to how other firms are doing.
Using KPIs for Strategic Management of IT in Mellat Bank

Performance evaluation in big organizations plays an important role in recognition of strategic and operational goals. Regarding to this concept, some performance indicators and their communication with goals and activities must be assigned, measured and analyzed. Nowadays information technology is a main driver of any business, as you know business process of information technology is different. As a result, managers of this section need to evaluate their performance of department with a different metric. Since Performance Indicators for evaluating IT sector are too many in this paper we try to introduce Key Performance Indicators for IT sector, relate them to plans and goals of organization and finally represent some samples for that.
Extracting Summary Sample Characteristics from Epidemiology Tables

Epidemiology papers frequently provide a tabular summary describing the sample included in the study. Unfortunately, because this information is generally stored within the report itself, it is necessary for readers to physically acquire and read (at least the beginning of) any given paper in order to ascertain whether its sample has relevance to their own research. However, making this information available as a form of metadata would greatly benefit researchers in their information seeking activities. We propose and test a system that receives an epidemiology article as input and then 1) identifies and extracts tables from the text; 2) parses tables into a structured format; 3) classifies tables as containing sample characteristics or not, and 4) aligns factors within that table to fit a larger, automatically constructed ontology. The system's strong performance, particularly in the classification task, then represents a proof-of-concept for the possibility of designing a more robust implementation. The metadata captured by such a system has the potential to improve researcher productivity by, for example, facilitating the creation of faceted search systems to enable precise document discovery on the basis of sample characteristics.
Automatic emotional state detection and analysis on embedded devices

From the last decade, studies on human facial emotion recognition revealed that computing models based on regression modelling can produce applicable performance. In this study, an automatic facial expression realtime system was built and tested. The method is used in this study has been used widely in different areas such as Local Binary Pattern method, which has been used in many research projects in machine vision, and the KNearest Neighbour algorithm is method utilized for regression modelling. In this study, these two techniques has been used and implemented on the FPGA for the first time, on the side and joined together to great the model in such way to display a continues and automatic emotional state detection model on the monitor. To evaluate the effectiveness of the classifier technique for human emotion recognition from video, the model was designed and tested on MATLAB environment and then MATLAB Simulink environment that is capable of recognizing continuous facial expression in real time with a rate of 1 frame per second and implemented on a desktop PC. It has been evaluated in a testing dataset and the experimental results were promising with the accuracy of 51.28%. The datasets and labels used in this study are made from videos which, recorded twice from 5 participants while watching a video. In order to implement it in real-time in faster frame rate, the facial expression recognition system was built on FPGA. The model was built on AtlysTM Spartan-6 FPGA Development Board. It can perform continuously emotional state recognition in real time at a frame rate of 30 with the accuracy of 47.44%. A graphic user interface was designed to display the participant video in real time and also two dimensional predict labels of the emotion at the same time. This is the first time that automatic emotional state detection has been successfully implemented on FPGA by using LBP and K-NN techniques in such way to display a continues and automatic emotional state detection model on the monitor.
The dependence of paracetamol absorption on the rate of gastric emptying

1 The rate of gastric emptying was measured directly in 14 convalescent hospital patients and paracetamol absorption was studied following an oral dose of 1·5 g. 2 Rapid gastric emptying was associated with the early appearance of high peak plasma paracetamol concentrations whereas peak concentrations were low and occurred late when gastric emptying was slow. 3 There was a significant correlation between the rate of gastric emptying and the 0·4 and 0·24 h urinary excretion of paracetamol and its metabolites. 4 In five patients with abnormally slow gastric emptying the mean maximum plasma concentration and 0·4 and 0·24 h urinary excretion of paracetamol were significantly lower than in seven patients with normal gastric emptying rates while the time taken to reach maximum plasma concentrations was longer. 5 Individual differences in the rate of gastric emptying may contribute to variable absorption of many drugs.
The Effect of Strategy on Problem Solving: An fMRI Study

fMRI was used to examine the differential effect of two problem-solving strategies. Par- ticipants were trained to use both a pictorial/spatial and a symbolic/algebraic strategy to solve word problems. While these two strategies activated similar cortical regions, a number of differences were noted in the level of activation. These differences indicate that the algebraic strategy is more demanding than the spatial strategy, which was particularly true for the anterior insula and the parietal cortices. In addition, an exploratory analysis was performed that examined effects of strategy preference. These results revealed that participants who preferred the algebraic strategy, while having a similar mathematics background, elicited less activation and had higher working memory capacity (as mea- sured by the reading span task) than those participants who preferred the spatial strat- egy. These data have implications for fMRI, as well as behavioral studies of higher-order cognition—the use of different strategies by participants within one study could alter the final results and, therefore, the conclusions drawn.
A Transportation Network Efficiency Measure that Captures Flows, Behavior, and Costs With Applications to Network Component Importance Identification and Vulnerability

In this paper, we propose a transportation network efficiency measure that can be used to assess the performance of a transportation network and which differs from other proposed measures, including complex network measures, in that it captures flows, costs, and travel behavior information, along with the topology. The new transportation network efficiency measure allows one to determine the criticality of various nodes (as well as links) as we demonstrate through a network component importance definition, which is well-defined even if the network becomes disconnected. Several illustrative transportation network examples are provided in which the efficiencies and importance of network components are explicitly computed, and their rankings tabulated. This framework can be utilized to assess the vulnerability of network components in terms of their criticality to network efficiency/performance and to, ultimately, enhance security.
Working Memory Capacity Limits Motor Learning When Implementing Multiple Instructions

Although it is generally accepted that certain practice conditions can place large demands on working memory (WM) when performing and learning a motor skill, the influence that WM capacity has on the acquisition of motor skills remains unsubstantiated. This study examined the role of WM capacity in a motor skill practice context that promoted WM involvement through the provision of explicit instructions. A cohort of 90 children aged 8 to 10 years were assessed on measures of WM capacity and attention. Children who scored in the lowest and highest thirds on the WM tasks were allocated to lower WM capacity (n = 24) and higher WM capacity (n = 24) groups, respectively. The remaining 42 participants did not participate in the motor task. The motor task required children to practice basketball shooting for 240 trials in blocks of 20 shots, with pre- and post-tests occurring before and after the intervention. A retention test was administered 1 week after the post-test. Prior to every practice block, children were provided with five explicit instructions that were specific to the technique of shooting a basketball. Results revealed that the higher WM capacity group displayed consistent improvements from pre- to post-test and through to the retention test, while the opposite effect occurred in the lower WM capacity group. This implies that the explicit instructions had a negative influence on learning by the lower WM capacity children. Results are discussed in relation to strategy selection for dealing with instructions and the role of attention control.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-banded sweetlips Plectorhinchus lineatus (Perciformes: Haemulidae)

Abstract The complete mitochondrial genome of yellow-banded sweetlips Plectorhinchus lineatus was determined in this study. The genome was 16,548 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and one non-coding control region. The overall base composition was estimated to be A, 28.2%; T, 24.8%; C, 30.7% and G, 16.2% with AT bias of 53.0%. All protein-coding genes used ATG as a start codon except for COI, which started with GTG. Six protein-coding genes ended with termination codon TAA, one ended with AGG, the remaining genes had incomplete stop codons TA or T. The genomic composition, organization, and gene order of P. lineatus was similar to most of vertebrates.
Study on the Boundaryless Development of Firm——Based on Case Analysis

There have two levels in making firm bigger.The first is making it to be a large entity that represents the actual strength of firm;The second,a higher level,is making it to be a big network that represents the mixture power of physical substance and virtual net;It is also a level that firm achieves boundaryless development within the fixed boundary of entity.This paper,based on cases,deals with the boundaryless development of firm which going toward big network from its business level,management level and operational level.The results of case study show that information technology,virtual space,virtual operation and core competence are the platform for firm becoming boundaryless.Firm can be turned into an empire through boundaryless development,and it turns out to be a large external with small kernel,a big body with small head.
Evaluation of body adiposity index as a predictor of aortic stiffness in multi-ethnic Asian population with type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated the predictive ability of the recently developed body adiposity index for aortic stiffness, an intermediate endpoint of cardiovascular disease, in a cross-sectional multi-ethnic Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus cohort (N = 1408). AS was estimated using carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity measured by applanation tonometry. Body adiposity index was computed as hip circumference/(height)1.5 – 18. Compared to body mass index, waist circumference and visceral fat area, body adiposity index displayed the weakest association with pulse wave velocity (r = 0.077, 0.096, 0.134 and 0.058, respectively; all p < 0.05). Interestingly, the relationship between measurements of obesity and pulse wave velocity was ethnic dependent − body mass index, body adiposity index, waist circumference and visceral fat area consistently predicted pulse wave velocity only in Indians but not others. In multi-variable analysis, body mass index was a significant determinant of pulse wave velocity in all ethnicities. In conclusion, body adiposity index is a weak predictor of aortic stiffness (when compared with body mass index) in Asians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Supply, Demand and Harm Reduction Strategies in Australian Prisons: An Update

The Australian National Council on Drugs (ANCD) is the principal advisory body to the Government on drug policy and plays a critical role in ensuring the voice of the community is heard in relation to drug related policies and strategies. A particular priority of the ANCD is to support initiatives that continue to build capacity within the alcohol and other drugs (AOD) sector to facilitate best practice.
Evidence of multiexponential T2 in rat glioblastoma

The aim of this study was to characterize multiexponential T2 (MET2) relaxation in a rat C6 glioblastoma tumor model. To do this, rats (n = 11) were inoculated with the C6 cells via stereotaxic injection into the brain. Ten days later, MET2 measurements were performed in vivo using a single‐slice, multi‐echo spin‐echo sequence at 7.0 T. Tumor signal was biexponential in eight animals with a short‐lived T2 component (T2 = 20.7 ± 5.4 ms across samples) representing 6.8 ± 6.2% of the total signal and a long‐lived T2 component (T2 = 76.4 ± 9.3 ms) representing the remaining signal fraction. In contrast, signal from contralateral grey matter was consistently monoexponential (T2 = 48.8 ± 2.3 ms). Additional ex vivo studies (n = 3) and Monte Carlo simulations showed that the in vivo results were not significantly corrupted by partial volume averaging or noise. The underlying physiological origin of the observed MET2 components is unknown; however, MET2 analysis may hold promise as a non‐invasive tool for characterizing tumor microenvironment in vivo on a sub‐voxel scale. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical heterogeneity of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (Hallervorden‐Spatz syndrome) and pantothenate kinase‐associated neurodegeneration

Hallervorden Spatz syndrome (HSS), also referred to as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA), is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disorder with childhood, adolescent, or adult onset. Patients with HSS/NBIA have a combination of motor symptoms in the form of dystonia, parkinsonism, choreoathetosis, corticospinal tract involvement, optic atrophy, pigmentary retinopathy, and cognitive impairment. After the recent identification of mutations in the PANK2 gene on chromosome 20p12.3–p13 in some patients with the HSS/NBIA phenotype, the term pantothenate kinase‐associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) has been proposed for this group of disorders. To characterize clinically and genetically HSS/NBIA, we reviewed 34 affected individuals from 10 different families, who satisfied the inclusion criteria for NBIA. Relatives of patients who had clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or pathological findings of NBIA were included in the study. Four patients were found to have mutations in the pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) gene. We compared the clinical features and MRI findings of those with and without PANK2 mutations. The presence of mutation in the PANK2 gene is associated with younger age at onset and a higher frequency of dystonia, dysarthria, intellectual impairment, and gait disturbance. Parkinsonism is seen predominantly in adult‐onset patients whereas dystonia seems more frequent in the earlier‐onset cases. The phenotypic heterogeneity observed in our patients supports the notion of genetic heterogeneity in the HSS/NBIA syndrome. © 2003 Movement Disorder Society
Incentivizing user-assisted content distribution in information-centric network

As one alternative architecture of the current Internet, information-centric networking (ICN) concept has been proposed. In this paper, we first present implications of ICN features on P2P content distribution and identify one research topic: how to utilize the user resources efficiently in ICN. Then, we introduce the contribution-aware ICN to incentivize the user-assisted content distribution. Simulation results show that the contribution-aware ICN encourages the users to contribute their resources and prevent free-riders from using the resources. We also show that the content download performance improves significantly as the number of users contributing the resources increases.
Metabolism of carotenoid pigments in birds

Carotenoid pigments are an important component in the plumage of birds. The metabolic precursors are dietary in origin but many species have the capacity to chemically modify and selectively deposit the pigments. The ensuing plumage patterns are important in communication and identification. The bright yellows, oranges, and reds are due mostly to xanthophylls; keto and hydroxy carotenes. Some are deposited unmodified (e.g., lutein) whereas others are modified chemically (canthaxanthin, astaxanthin). Early workers concentrated on demonstrating that feather carotenoids were derived from the diet and deposited selectively. Progress in defining and solving biological problems depended on advances in chemical and analytical techniques. Subsequent investigation showed that various plumage colormorphs, seasonal plumage changes or colors in common mutant, were due to relatively simple chemical changes in carotenoids but had profound biological consequences. Equally important was the realization that many of these processes were under genetic control. Validation came from feeding studies of flamingos and finches. Recent studies have employed the plumage carotenoids to test hypotheses of genetic divergence, to relate plumage color to environmental process, and to demonstrate the influence of synthetic changes on color. Understanding the processes has advanced with the introduction of high‐resolution separation techniques and the ability to determine both conformation and absolute configuration. The next steps will be in the direction of understanding the enzymatic modification, transport, and tissue selectivity of feather carotenoids. — Brush, A. H. Metabolism of carotenoid pigments in birds. FASEB J. 4: 2969‐2977; 1990.
Detection and removal of dissolved hydrogen sulphide in flow‐through systems via the sulphidation of hydrous iron (III) oxides

Abstract A novel automated warning and removal system for hydrogen sulphide in aqueous flow‐through systems has been developed based on the sulphidation of ferrihydrite sorbed to zeolite substrate. The system consists of a small flow‐through reaction cartridge with photo‐sensors positioned at the base. During the reaction, sulphide is initially oxidised to elemental sulphur by the ferrihydrite, and Fe2+ is subsequently released to solution. This Fe2+ then reacts with additional dissolved sulphide to form solid phase iron monosulphide. The colour change from orange ferrihydrite to black iron monosulphide is continuously monitored by the photo‐sensors, which provide a rapid and reproducible response (via a voltage change) to pulses of sulphidic water. The response of the photo‐sensors is linear with respect to inflowing sulphide concentration, while the most rapid response to dissolved sulphide occurs at a flow rate of approximately 200 ml min‐1 (equivalent to a hydraulic loading rate of 21 cm min‐1). The presence of phosphate in solution substantially decreases reaction rates due to adsorption to reactive surface sites. However, the response time of the photo‐sensors remains sufficient to provide a rapid indication of sulphidic conditions even in systems with high concentrations of dissolved phosphate. The cartridge has the advantage of partially or completely removing sulphide (depending on flow rate and substrate mass) from an initial pulse of water. At the optimal flow rate for the successful use of the cartridge as a sulphide warning system (200 ml min‐1), required substrate masses for the complete removal of dissolved sulphide (over the experimental range of 0–1000 μM) are relatively small (0.5–2 kg).
Evidence for Early Infection of Nonneoplastic Natural Killer Cells by Epstein-Barr Virus

ABSTRACT We examined lymph nodes and tonsils from patients with infectious mononucleosis by combined detection of EBV-encoded RNA and a specific marker of natural killer (NK) cells, PEN5. A small number of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latently infected nonneoplastic NK cells were detected. Our data demonstrate that NK cells are natural targets of EBV and that infection of these cells is an early event observed during primary EBV infection.
Performance measurement in service businesses revisited

Points out that the topic of performance measurement (PM) has received a lot of attention in recent years, with many competing PM models vying for management attention, and recently much of the literature on PM has been summarized in a taxonomic framework by Ballantine and Brignall (1995). Drawing on this taxonomy, describes research which updates the original model for PM in services developed by Fitzgerald et al. (1991), as summarized by Brignall et al. in the November 1991 issue of Management Accounting (UK). Shows that the new model considers PM at all levels of a business, not just at the strategic business unit (SBU) level, and makes propositions relevant to PM system design including information technology (IT) aspects.