Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Divergent and convergent feedback : how science teachers conceptualise and practise oral feedback, and how students perceive it helps their learning

Feedback is frequently cited as an important practice in promoting student learning, yet reviews of research around written marking have concluded that the quality of existing evidence is insufficient to provide definitive answers as to what approaches are impactful. Even less is known about feedback during oral interactions, especially in authentic secondary science classrooms. This qualitative study examines oral feedback from both teachers’ and students’ perspectives, alongside an analysis of classroom practice. The study involved ten science teachers within two schools and 84 students interviewed from their classes. Comparative analysis resulted in the identification of teachers’ conceptualisations compared to their classroom practice and a theoretically derived definition of feedback. Analysis of classroom practice was grounded in students’ perceptions of what teachers said that helped them learn. This study makes an original contribution to knowledge regarding characteristics of oral feedback perceived by teachers and students to benefit learning in science. Following the analysis of 38 hours of lessons, three main types of oral interaction were found to constitute oral feedback: discrepancy and success criteria interactions, and open questions. Science teachers infrequently used these and were observed to utilise them in differing ways. This study has generated a theoretical ideal typical feedback framework, highlighting practical implications allied to teachers’ differing practices, developed from Torrance and Pryor’s (2001) model of assessment. The two ideal typical approaches to feedback are, the divergent approach, grounded in constructivist assumptions with students empowered to operate as dynamic co-agents; and the convergent approach, grounded in behaviourist assumptions with students acting as passive recipients. The study will be beneficial to teachers in reflecting on which aspects of their oral feedback practices are most likely to benefit learners in their classrooms, and policy makers and those involved in supporting educators to develop practices and nurture behaviours that promote student learning.
Packet-Combining Demodulation Scheme for Cooperative MIMO-OFDM Transmission

This paper describes a demodulation scheme employing packet combining for packet-based cooperative multi-input multiple-output with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM). hi this paper, we consider the simplified cooperative MIMO-OFDM transmission model based on a two-hop relay network. The proposed demodulation scheme combines the packet signals of different transmit periods. After combining, we employ maximum likelihood detection (MLD) to separate the multiplexed sub-streams. We consider the L = 2 case: i.e. the first transmit period and the second transmit period are used. Because the source-terminal and relay-terminal are located in different positions, the proposed scheme utilizes the difference between the MIMO channel matrix of the first transmit period and that of the second transmit period. As a basic performance comparison, and assuming ideal link performance between source-terminal and relay-terminal and error-free relay processing, we describe a packet error rate (PER) performance comparison. The results confirm that the proposed packet-combining scheme yields relay transmission with an approximately 1.1 dB improvement in Eb/N0 over direct transmission without the packet combining scheme.
Gouvernance et leadership d’une méta-organisation innovante - Le cas d’un pôle dédié aux services médicosociaux à domicile

Alors que peu de travaux ont analyse la meta-organisation capable de soutenir l’innovation (MOI), les auteurs y contribuent en etudiant ses formes de gouvernance et de leadership. En analysant des projets d’innovation organisationnelle portes par des operateurs de services a domicile, soutenus par un pole de competitivite, les resultats enrichissent le modele de la MOI en identifiant des formes de gouvernance ouverte et de leadership vertical et horizontal. Ils identifient egalement l’importance a theoriser l’innovation dans ce secteur fortement institutionnalise.
Hepatocyte spheroid culture on a polydimethylsiloxane chip having microcavities

A two-dimensional microarray technique of spherical multicellular aggregates (spheroids) using a microfabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip and the expression of liver-specific functions of primary rat hepatocytes on the chip were investigated. The PDMS chip, which was fabricated by a photolithography-based technique, consisted of approximately 2500 cylindrical microcavities (approximately 1100 cavities/cm2) in a triangular arrangement of 330 μm pitch on a PDMS plate (20 × 20 mm); each cavity measured 300 μm in diameter and 100 μm in depth. Most hepatocytes on the PDMS chip gradually gathered and subsequently formed a single spheroid in each cavity until 3 days of culture. A part of the spheroid was attached to the bottom or wall surface of the microcavity, and the spheroid configuration was maintained for at least 14 days of culture. Albumin secretion, ammonia removal and ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (EROD) activity, which is a cytochrome P-450-dependent reaction, of hepatocytes on the PDMS chip were higher than those of a monolayer dish or a flat PDMS dish without microcavities, and were maintained for at least 10 days of culture. The spheroid microarray technique appears to be promising in the development of cell chips and microbioreactors.
Predicting travel intention to take HSR among college students

To understand travelerspsila willingness to take High Speed Railroad (HSR) and its antecedents, this study added two constructs- novelty seeking and trust- to the model of theory of planned behavior (TPB). Research data was collected in a survey of 300 college students from a university in northern Taiwan. Results indicated that attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm were found to have positive effects on behavioral intention of taking HSR. Furthermore, novelty seeking and trust also have positive influences on these antecedents of taking HSR intention. Theoretical and marketing implications were derived.
Intracellular NOD‐like receptors in innate immunity, infection and disease

The innate immune system comprises several classes of pattern‐recognition receptors, including Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain‐like receptors (NLRs). TLRs recognize microbes on the cell surface and in endosomes, whereas NLRs sense microbial molecules in the cytosol. In this review, we focus on the role of NLRs in host defence against bacterial pathogens. Nod1 and Nod2 sense the cytosolic presence of molecules containing meso‐diaminopimelic acid and muramyl dipeptide respectively, and drive the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase and NF‐κB. In contrast, Ipaf, Nalp1b and Cryopyrin/Nalp3 promote the assembly of inflammasomes that are required for the activation of caspase‐1. Mutation in several NLR members, including NOD2 and Cryopyrin, is associated with the development of inflammatory disorders. Further understanding of NLRs should provide new insights into the mechanisms of host defence and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.
Social identities and racial integration in historically white universities: A literature review of the experiences of black students

South African government has been promulgating pieces of legislation aimed at ensuring racial integration, especially in higher education, and indirectly enforcing acculturation in historically white universities. Studies have proven that institutional cultures in historically white universities alienate and exclude black students’ identities. These students’ sense of social identity, which includes culture, heritage, language and traditions, and consequently self-esteem and self-concept, is altered in these institutions. Research has been scant regarding the shape and form that black students’ identity assumes when they get to these spaces. Using Tajfel and Turner’s (1979) social identity theory and Berry’s (2005) theory of acculturation, this article explores the experiences of black students in negotiating their social identities in historically white universities. Evoking Steve Biko’s analysis of ‘artificial integration’ (1986), we hope to illustrate how the ‘integration’ narrative sought to discard the identity of black students and psychologically enforce a simulation of black students into white-established identities. The study has implications for policy development as we hope to sensitise theoretically the historically white universities to, apart from mere opening of spaces of learning, understand the social identity challenges of black students in these institutions.
ATP-binding Cassette (ABC) Transport System Solute-binding Protein-guided Identification of Novel d-Altritol and Galactitol Catabolic Pathways in Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58*

Background: Solute-binding proteins for ABC transport systems can be used to guide discovery of novel enzymes and metabolic pathways. Results: Novel metabolic pathways were discovered for d-altritol and galactitol catabolism. Conclusion: More than 2,000 proteins with previously unknown functions were annotated using this strategy. Significance: Strategies are described that can be used to address misannotation in protein databases. Innovations in the discovery of the functions of uncharacterized proteins/enzymes have become increasingly important as advances in sequencing technology flood protein databases with an exponentially growing number of open reading frames. This study documents one such innovation developed by the Enzyme Function Initiative (EFI; U54GM093342), the use of solute-binding proteins for transport systems to identify novel metabolic pathways. In a previous study, this strategy was applied to the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic transporters. Here, we apply this strategy to the ATP-binding cassette transporters and report the discovery of novel catabolic pathways for d-altritol and galactitol in Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58. These efforts resulted in the description of three novel enzymatic reactions as follows: 1) oxidation of d-altritol to d-tagatose via a dehydrogenase in Pfam family PF00107, a previously unknown reaction; 2) phosphorylation of d-tagatose to d-tagatose 6-phosphate via a kinase in Pfam family PF00294, a previously orphan EC number; and 3) epimerization of d-tagatose 6-phosphate C-4 to d-fructose 6-phosphate via a member of Pfam family PF08013, another previously unknown reaction. The epimerization reaction catalyzed by a member of PF08013 is especially noteworthy, because the functions of members of PF08013 have been unknown. These discoveries were assisted by the following two synergistic bioinformatics web tools made available by the Enzyme Function Initiative: the EFI-Enzyme Similarity Tool and the EFI-Genome Neighborhood Tool.
Assessing Fear-Avoidance Beliefs in Patients With Whiplash-associated Disorders: A Comparison of 2 Measures

ObjectivesTo examine the development of fear avoidance behaviours following whiplash injury using two different measures of fear avoidance, the Pictorial Fear of Activities Scale-Cervical (PFActS-C), and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17). Secondarily we assessed the capacity of these measures to predict recovery status at long term follow up and initial cervical range of movement (ROM). MethodsNinety-eight patients with acute WAD were recruited and completed measures of pain and disability (NDI), fear avoidance beliefs and cervical ROM at baseline (<4 weeks), 3 and 6 months post injury. Participants were grouped based on NDI scores at 6 months follow up as either recovered (NDI <10), mild (NDI 10-28) or moderate/severe (NDI⩽30). ResultsRepeated measures, linear mixed model analysis showed a significant main effect for time and group for both TSK-17 and PFActS-C scores (P⩽0.001). On both measures the moderate/severe group scored significantly higher than the mild and recovered groups. TSK-17 scores, age and initial pain intensity at baseline significantly predicted NDI scores at 6 months (P=0.002). PFActS-C scores, age and initial pain intensity at baseline significantly predicted initial cervical extension and rotation ROM (P=0.001). DiscussionFear avoidance beliefs and behaviours develop quickly following whiplash injury and influence both the initial physical presentation and long term outcome of patients with WAD. The PFActS-C may provide a measure of fear of movement which is more specific to the cervical spine in patients with WAD in comparison to the TSK-17.
ZVS DC-DC Converter with Parallel-Connected Current Doubler Rectifier

A soft switching converter with parallel-connected full-wave rectifiers is presented. In the proposed converter, the primary windings of two transformers are connected in series. Two full-wave rectifiers with ripple current cancellation are connected in parallel at the output side to reduce the current stress of the secondary winding of transformer. The clamp circuit based on an auxiliary switch and a clamp capacitor is connected in parallel with the primary side of the transformer to recycle the energy stored in the leakage inductance. The leakage inductance of transformers, the magnetizing inductance and the clamp capacitance is resonant to achieve zero-voltage switching (ZVS) of auxiliary switch. The resonance between the leakage inductance of transformer and output capacitance of switch will achieve ZVS operation for the main switch in the proposed converter. The pulse-width modulation technique is adopted to regulate the output voltage. Experimental results for a 200 W (5 V/40 A) prototype are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed converter
Sensorimotor Recovery After Partial Facial (Mystacial Pad) Transplantation in Rats

Most research in facial transplantation has been conducted in rats. This skill demanding model has a steep learning curve and is accompanied by high mortality rates. Investigations were carried out to minimize these disadvantages and a whiskers flap properly named mystacial pad flap, was developed. The mystacial pad contains the whiskers follicles of the rat, and our aim was to investigate the effect of repairing the nerves on the whiskers function after mystacial pad allotransplantation in rats.A total of 56 animals were studied in 6 groups. In the main study group (VI), 16 semi-allogenic vascularized mystacial flaps were transplanted from Lewis-Brown-Norway (RT1l+n) to Wistar-Lewis (RT1l) rats. This group was divided in 2 subgroups; in subgroup VIa (nonneurotized alloflap transplant group, n = 8), alloflaps were transplanted without nerve repairs, whereas in subgroup VIb (neurotized alloflap transplant group, n = 8) the facial and trigeminal nerves were repaired. Animals were kept under tapered doses of tacrolimus immunosuppression monotherapy. Clinical and neurophysiological explorations were performed to evaluate sensitivity and motor voluntary activity of the mystacial region after 6 weeks. Animals were euthanized after 8 weeks and histologic studies were performed.In group VI, each procedure required an average of 3.5 hours, and 87.5% of the recipients survived for 8 weeks. Sensitivity, motor activity, and histologic signs of recovery were found in the mystacial pad allotransplants after 6 weeks.Mystacial pad allotransplants in which nerves were repaired showed clinical, neurophysiological, and histologic signs of recovery. A functional facial subunit was successfully transplanted and sensorimotor function recovery could be demonstrated in rats.
The EU and artificial intelligence: A human-centred perspective

This article analyses the potential benefits and drawbacks of artificial intelligence (AI). It argues that the EU should become a leading force in AI development. As a goal that captures the public imagination and mobilises a variety of actors, the EU should develop mission-based innovations that focus on using this technological leadership to solve the most pressing societal problems of our time whilst avoiding potential dangers and risks. This leadership could be achieved either by adapting the EU’s available instruments to focus on AI development or by designing new ones. Be it seeking a visionary future for AI or addressing concerns about it, progress should always be driven with the human-centred perspective in mind, that is, one that seeks to augment human intelligence and capacity, and not to supersede it.
High Prevalence of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Carotid Ultrasound among Mexican Americans: Discordance with 10‐Year Risk Assessment using the Framingham Risk Score

Background: Framingham risk scores (FRS) were validated in a mostly Caucasian population. Evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis by carotid ultrasound may improve ascertainment of risk in nonwhite populations. This study aimed to evaluate carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaquing among Mexican Americans, and to correlate these markers with coronary risk factors and the FRS. Methods/Results: Participants (n = 141) were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort. Carotid artery ultrasound was performed and cIMT measured. Carotid plaque was defined as areas of thickening >50% of the thickness of the surrounding walls. Mean age was 53.1 ± 11.7 years (73.8% female). Most were overweight or obese (88.7%) and more than half (53.2%) had the metabolic syndrome. One third (34.8%) had abnormal carotid ultrasound findings (either cIMT ≥75th percentile for gender and age or presence of plaque). Among those with abnormal carotid ultrasound, the majority were classified as being at low 10‐year risk for cardiovascular events. Carotid ultrasound reclassified nearly a third of the cohort as being at high risk. This discordance between 10‐year FRS and carotid ultrasound was noted whether risk was assessed for hard coronary events or global risk. Concordance between FRS and carotid ultrasound findings was best when long‐term (30‐year) risk was assessed and no subject with an abnormal carotid ultrasound was categorized as low risk by the 30‐year FRS algorithm. Conclusions: Integration of carotid ultrasound findings to coronary risk assessments and use of longer term prediction models may provide better risk assessment in this minority population, with earlier initiation of appropriate therapies.
Adaptive control of dynamic nonlinear systems using Sigmoid Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network

The goal of this paper is to introduce a new neural network architecture called Sigmoid Diagonal Recurrent Neural Network (SDRNN) to be used in the adaptive control of nonlinear dynamical systems. This is done by adding a sigmoid weight victor in the hidden layer neurons to adapt of the shape of the sigmoid function making their outputs not restricted to the sigmoid function output. Also, we introduce a dynamic back propagation learning algorithm to train the new proposed network parameters. The simulation results showed that the (SDRNN) is more efficient and accurate than the DRNN in both the identification and adaptive control of nonlinear dynamical systems.
Longitudinal study of the uterine body and cavity with three‐dimensional ultrasonography in the puerperium

Objective. To describe uterine involution in the puerperium with three‐dimensional ultrasound. Design. Prospective, longitudinal study. Setting. Fetal medicine unit, department of obstetrics and gynecology, university referral hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. Population. Fifty women with uncomplicated deliveries and puerperium between February 2009 and February 2010. Methods. Three‐dimensional ultrasound was used to measure the uterine body and cavity volumes. The volume data set was analysed using virtual organ computer‐aided analysis (VOCAL) with a 30 degree rotation step. Measurements were performed transabdominally on days 1, 7 and 14 and transvaginally on days 28 and 56 postpartum. Parity, gestational age, birthweight, smoking, breastfeeding and blood loss were recorded. Main outcome measures. Uterine body and cavity volumes. Results. Median uterine body volume was 756 cm3 on day 1, 440 cm3 on day 7, 253 cm3 on day 14, 125 cm3 on day 28 and 68 cm3 on day 56. Median cavity volume was 22 cm3 on day 1, 18 cm3 on day 7, 6 cm3 on day 14, 1 cm3 on day 28 and not measurable on day 56. The interindividual variation of uterine body and cavity volumes was most pronounced on day 1 and decreased throughout the observation period. Intrauterine content was found in 36% of the women on day 1, 95% on day 7, 87% on day 14 and 28% on day 28. Conclusions. Three‐dimensional ultrasound is a non‐invasive tool suitable for measurement of the uterine body and cavity volumes during the puerperium. The volumes decreased in a similar pattern in the study population.
Chapter 8. The Spectacle of Russian Feminism: Questioning Visibility and the Western Gaze

Abstract This chapter analyses the presence of Russian feminists and female LGBTIQ+ activists within US-American mainstream media. In the course of a multimedia discourse analysis, it briefly raises questions of who becomes featured and how, to argue that current debates marginalise Russian queer female, trans*gender and intersex voices, compared to those of male queers. One exception to this trend is the case of the journalist and activist Masha Gessen. Together with Nadya Tolokonnikova of the protest group Pussy Riot, Gessen seems to represent Russian queers and feminists within US media. Although marginal, compared to the presence of US feminisms, especially popular culture figures such as Beyonce Knowles-Carter or Lady Gaga, the two women become frequently featured within US news media and beyond. Frequently, those articles, interviews and discussions of their work open up a debate, or rather comparisons, between US values and Russian values, questions of modernity, progress and civilisation. Equally often, the female Russian dissidents are pictured as ‘Putin’s victims’ – the female versions of David fighting against Goliath – by focussing especially on their physical vulnerability and their female bodies. In this vein, feminism is constructed as inherently ‘Western’, while the bodies that carry out such feminisms and most of all their country of origin is entirely ‘othered’. Comparing the (self-)representations to other voices of female Russian dissent within US media, the author critically discuss the Western gaze of US mainstream media, its victimising strategies and homonationalistic construction of US identity and US nation in rejection of a ‘backward’ homophobic Russia.
In Vivo Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Cerebellar Neurons

Abstract: In the CNS, nitric oxide (NO) functions as both neuromodulator and neurotoxic agent. In vivo neuronal expression of NO synthase (NOS) has been attributed to constitutive NOS—both the neuronal and the endothelial types. The other class of NOS—the inducible NOS (iNOS)—is known to mediate toxic effects of NO in various tissues. In this study, we show for the first time that direct intracerebellar injection of endotoxin and cytokine (lipopolysaccharide and interferon‐γ) induced in vivo neuronal expression of the iNOS gene, as demonstrated by fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining analyzed by confocal laser‐scanning microscopy. This raises the possibility that neuronal iNOS might contribute significantly to the vulnerability of the brain to various insults.