Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of medium-density direct current on dendrites of directionally solidified Pb–50Sn alloy

This paper investigated the effect of coupling of direct current (DC) and pulling rate on dendrites and cooling behaviours of directionally solidified Pb–50Sn alloy. Experimental results indicated that the secondary dendritic arm spacing (SDAS) decreased and temperature gradient increased as increasing current densities. Moreover, temperature rise and SDAS under positive DC were higher than those under negative DC. It was speculated that Joule heating and electromigration were obviously induced by the present DC. The effect of DC on the microstructure and solidification parameters was weakened as the pulling rate increases. The coarsening rate reduced from tf1/3 toward a value of tf0.29 when DC of ±200 A cm–2 were applied. The refinement mechanism of SDAS was discussed.
Comparison of Direct vs. Indirect Ventilation Rate Determination for Manure Belt Laying Hen Houses

Direct measurement of ventilation rate in livestock housing can be a formidable task due to uncontrollable variations in fan and system performance as caused by factors such as operation static pressure, fan belt condition, and dust accumulation on shutters and blades. Indirect, CO2-balance method offers a potentially viable, more flexible alternative to estimating ventilation rate. The reliability of CO2 balance method depends on the validity of relationship between CO2 production and metabolic rate of the animals and the knowledge of CO2 generation by the housing environment. Metabolic rates of modern laying hens have recently been quantified in intensive large-scale laboratory measurements. However, performance of the indirect method remains to be evaluated under field production conditions. This paper compares ventilation rates of a commercial laying hen house with manure belt (manure removed daily) obtained from direct measurement based on in-situ fan performance and runtime vs. indirect determination based on CO2 balance. The results indicate that indirect determination based on CO2 balance was well in agreement with that of direct measurement. Application of the CO2-balance method to evaluate building ventilation rate can improve the affordability and versatility of poultry emission studies.
Proprioceptive postural control of a musculoskeletal model against horizontal disturbances

Proprioception plays an important role in postural stability. Here, we developed a hypothesis that when we cannot use all sensory information, we maintain upright posture with high muscle stiffness. To validate the hypothesis, we needed to confirm another hypothesis that humans can keep standing with some stiffness levels compensating for the loss of visual and vestibular information. We expanded a neural controller for an unperturbed stance with feedforward and proprioceptive feedback mechanisms to simulate a perturbed stance. A musculoskeletal model with 70 muscles and 13 degrees of freedom was prepared as a human body. We succeeded in ensuring that the musculoskeletal model maintains an upright standing posture against support surface translations in 12 directions with one stiffness level. The responses of leg muscles in our simulations were consistent with those in the previous work. Moreover, the limitation, i.e., the inability of high level control of the neural controller could be explained using the responses of the trunk muscles.
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation late in development increases the toxicity of oil to mahi‐mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) embryos

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010 overlapped with the spawning of many pelagic fish species in the Gulf of Mexico, including mahi‐mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) released during the spill have been shown to cause photo‐induced toxicity under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In the present study, mahi‐mahi embryos were exposed to high‐energy water accommodated fractions of source and naturally weathered oils for up to 48 h. The timing of co‐exposure with UV radiation varied between an early development exposure for 8 h or a late development exposure for 8 h. The UV co‐exposure had a photo‐induced toxic effect on hatching success for all oil types and exposure scenarios. A more sensitive developmental window to photo‐induced toxicity was observed when UV exposure occurred late in development. Source Oil B was over 6‐fold more toxic, and Massachusetts source oil was 1.6‐fold more toxic when the embryos were co‐exposed to UV light late in development. Furthermore, weathered oil from the surface co‐exposure with UV late in development resulted in bradycardia in the mahi‐mahi. The present study provides evidence that the developmental window when UV co‐exposure occurs has a significant effect on the degree of photo‐induced toxicity of oil and that UV co‐exposure may exacerbate long‐term cardiac effects in developing fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1592–1598. © 2016 SETAC
PRINSIP DASAR PERAWATAN RESESI GINGIVA (BASIC PRINCIPLE IN THE TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL RECESSION)

Abstract Gingival recession is marked by the exposure of the root surface resulting from apical migration of the gingival margin. This is occurred in loss of attachment of periodontal tissue. There are many possible causes for gingival recession, such as: poor oral hygiene, inadequate teeth brushing, prominent root surface, high frenulum attachment and occlusal trauma. Gingival recession usually creates an esthetical problem, especially when affects the maxillary anterior teeth. In addition, gingival recession leads to an increasing risk factor for dentin hypersensitivity. The treatment of gingival recession can be conducted with surgical or non-surgical procedure. The basic principle in the treatment of gingival recession is to cover the exposure of the root surface to improve esthetics and to reduce hypersensitivity. Key words: gingival recession treatment, basic principle Abstrak Resesi gingiva ditandai dengan terbukanya permukaan akar akibat migrasi marginal gingiva ke arah apikal. Kondisi ini terjadi akibat kehilangan perlekatan periodontal. Resesi gingiva dapat terjadi antara lain akibat: kebersihan mulut yang buruk, cara menyikat gigi yang salah, permukaan akar yang menonjol, perlekatan frenulum yang terlalu tinggi dan trauma oklusi. Resesi gingiva umumnya menyebabkan masalah estetik bila terjadi pada gigi anterior atas. Selain itu, resesi gingiva cenderung mengakibatkan peningkatan resiko hipersensitif dentin. Perawatan resesi gingiva dapat dilakukan melalui prosedur bedah dan non bedah. Prinsip dasar perawatan resesi gingiva adalah menutup permukaan akar yang terbuka untuk memperbaiki estetik dan mengurangi hipersensitif dentin. Kata kunci: perawatan resesi gingiva, prinsip dasar
SAMHD1 protects cancer cells from various nucleoside-based antimetabolites

ABSTRACT Recently, we demonstrated that sterile α motif and HD domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a major barrier in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells to the cytotoxicity of cytarabine (ara-C), the most important drug in AML treatment. Ara-C is intracellularly converted by the canonical dNTP synthesis pathway to ara-CTP, which serves as a substrate but not an allosteric activator of SAMHD1. Using an AML mouse model, we show here that wild type but not catalytically inactive SAMHD1 reduces ara-C treatment efficacy in vivo. Expanding the clinically relevant substrates of SAMHD1, we demonstrate that THP-1 CRISPR/Cas9 cells lacking a functional SAMHD1 gene showed increased sensitivity to the antimetabolites nelarabine, fludarabine, decitabine, vidarabine, clofarabine, and trifluridine. Within this Extra View, we discuss and build upon both these and our previously reported findings, and propose SAMHD1 is likely active against a variety of nucleoside analog antimetabolites present in anti-cancer chemotherapies. Thus, SAMHD1 may constitute a promising target to improve a wide range of therapies for both hematological and non-haematological malignancies.
Investigation of Charge Transport in Nano-patterned and Hybrid Graphene Field Effect Transistors

Despite all of the promising properties that graphene has, there are some challenges facing graphene technology. Graphene lacks a bandgap, which limits its application in digital electronics and optoelectronics. Since the year 2010, extensive efforts have been made to create semiconducting graphene without disrupting its exceptional transport properties. One method is to obtain bandgap through quantum confinement in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and graphene nanomesh (GNM) with a critical dimension lower than 10 nm. As a part of this dissertation, interferometric lithography combined with oxygen O2 plasma treatment is demonstrated to be an efficient method to fabricate GNMs with sub-10 nm neck widths and uniformity over a 1 cm area. Atomic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the neck width of GNMs.
Part-List Cuing Can Impair, Improve, or Not Influence Recall Performance: The Critical Roles of Encoding and Access to Study Context at Test

The results of four experiments are reported, in which we examined how the effects of part-list cuing - the presentation of a random selection of studied items as retrieval cues at test - on recall of the remaining target items depend on encoding and access to study context at test. Encoding was varied by inducing high and low degrees of interitem associations; access to study context at test was varied by inducing high and low degrees of contextual overlap between study and test. Results showed that the effects of part-list cuing depend critically on encoding and study context access. Depending on the combination of the two, part-list cuing impaired, improved, or did not influence recall of the target items. A multimechanisms account of part-list cuing is provided to explain how part-list cuing affects target recall in the different experimental conditions.
CRN: End-to-end Convolutional Recurrent Network Structure Applied to Vehicle Classification

Vehicle type classification is considered to be a central part of Intelligent Traffic Systems. In the recent years, deep learning methods have emerged in as being the state-of-the-art in many computer vision tasks. In this paper, we present a novel yet simple deep learning framework for the vehicle type classification problem. We propose an end-to-end trainable system, that combines convolution neural network for feature extraction and recurrent neural network as a classifier. The recurrent network structure is used to handle various types of feature inputs, and at the same time allows to produce a single or a set of class predictions. In order to assess the effectiveness of our solution, we have conducted a set of experiments in two public datasets, obtaining state of the art results. In addition, we also report results on the newly released MIO-TCD dataset.
Motion Guided LIDAR-camera Autocalibration and Accelerated Depth Super Resolution

In this work we propose a novel motion guided method for automatic and targetless calibration of a LiDAR and camera and use the LiDAR points projected on the image for real-time super-resolution depth estimation. The calibration parameters are estimated by optimizing a cost function that penalizes the difference in the motion vectors obtained from LiDAR and camera data separately. For super-resolution, we propose a simple, yet effective and time efficient formulation that minimizes depth gradients subject to an equality constraint involving measured LiDAR data. We perform experiments on real data obtained in urban environments and demonstrate that the proposed calibration technique is robust and the real-time depth super-resolution reconstruction outperforms the quality of state of the art approaches.
Language Identification of Similar Languages using Recurrent Neural Networks

The goal of similar Language IDentification (LID) is to quickly and accurately identify the language of the text. It plays an important role in several Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications where it is frequently used as a pre-processing technique. For example, information retrieval systems use LID as a filtering technique to provide users with documents written only in a given language. Although different approaches to this problem have been proposed, similar language identification, in particular applied to short texts, remains a challenging task in NLP. In this paper, a method that combines word vectors representation and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) has been implemented. The experimental evaluation on public and well-known datasets has shown that the proposed method improves accuracy and precision of language identification tasks.
Genetic association study in a three-generation family with seven members with endometriosis

The aim of this study was to investigate whether five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), associated with endometriosis, may confer new insight towards a genotype-phenotype association with endometriosis. We studied a three-generation family with seven women who had endometriosis. Blood specimens were obtained from all the affected female family members. The entire family was genotyped for five SNPs mapped to WNT4, VEZT, FSHB and IL-16 genetic loci. We further evaluated the members of the family with endometriosis and described all obstetric and gynecological complications caused by the disease in these seven women. The five SNPs analyzed did not reveal any genotype-phenotype correlation with the disease. The members of the family with endometriosis showed a variety of clinical manifestations and complications. None of the five genetic markers examined correlated genotype with phenotype in the case of the Greek three-generation family examined. Therefore, we conclude that more gene polymorphisms must be investigated in the members of this family to gain insight regarding a genotype-phenotype correlation in endometriosis and the potential development of a personalized care for the patients based on these data.
Steady Abstractions for CPS Controller Synthesis

Designing correct-by-construction controllers for cyber-physical systems is difficult. Synthesis aids the controller designer by automating this process once the controller's specification and the dynamics of the environment have been formalized. Most classes of system dynamics have undecidable synthesis problems, which is commonly mitigated by computing a discrete abstraction of the system dynamics and synthesizing a controller that works correctly under all environment behaviors captured by the abstraction. Abstractions can be made at varying levels of granularity. If the granularity is too fine, the abstraction grows too large to be suitable for current synthesis approaches. If the granularity is too coarse, it is insufficient for computing a controller that satisfies the specification. In this paper, we present a new abstraction computation process that facilitates working with coarser abstractions in synthesis while retaining the controllability of the system. Our approach takes a fine-grained abstraction and processes it to a coarser abstraction in which the controller is only offered actions that minimize the amount of non-determinism in the abstraction. We demonstrate that our approach helps to find a good balance between precision and controllability in CPS controller synthesis on two case studies.
The BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) Overcomes Paclitaxel Resistance in ABCB1- and ABCC10-Overexpressing Cells and Tumors

Paclitaxel is one of the most widely used antineoplastic drugs in the clinic. Unfortunately, the occurrence of cellular resistance has limited its efficacy and application. The ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1/P-glycoprotein) and subfamily C member 10 (ABCC10/MRP7) are the major membrane protein transporters responsible for the efflux of paclitaxel, constituting one of the most important mechanisms of paclitaxel resistance. Here, we demonstrated that the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of paclitaxel by antagonizing the efflux function of ABCB1 and ABCC10 in cells overexpressing these transporters. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the ABCB1 or ABCC10 protein expression was not altered after treatment with ibrutinib for up to 72 hours using Western blot analysis. However, the ATPase activity of ABCB1 was significantly stimulated by treatment with ibrutinib. Molecular docking analysis suggested the binding conformation of ibrutinib within the large cavity of the transmembrane region of ABCB1. Importantly, ibrutinib could effectively enhance paclitaxel-induced inhibition on the growth of ABCB1- and ABCC10-overexpressing tumors in nude athymic mice. These results demonstrate that the combination of ibrutinib and paclitaxel can effectively antagonize ABCB1- or ABCC10-mediated paclitaxel resistance that could be of great clinical interest. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(6); 1021–30. ©2017 AACR.
A multi-environment dataset for activity of daily living recognition in video streams

Public datasets played a key role in the increasing level of interest that vision-based human action recognition has attracted in last years. While the production of such datasets has been influenced by the variability introduced by various actors performing the actions, the different modalities of interactions with the environment introduced by the variation of the scenes around the actors has been scarcely took into account. As a consequence, public datasets do not provide a proper test-bed for recognition algorithms that aim at achieving high accuracy, irrespective of the environment where actions are performed. This is all the more so, when systems are designed to recognize activities of daily living (ADL), which are characterized by a high level of human-environment interaction. For that reason, we present in this manuscript the MEA dataset, a new multi-environment ADL dataset, which permitted us to show how the change of scenario can affect the performances of state-of-the-art approaches for action recognition.
Using Phylogenies to Test Macroevolutionary Hypotheses of Trait Evolution in Cranes (Gruinae)

We present a novel phylogenetic approach to the study of trait evolution. We compare explicit models describing the evolution of phenotypic characters over the phylogeny of a group, employing a method that avoids point estimates of ancestor reconstructions (see Maddison 1990, 1995; Losos and Miles 1994; Schluter et al. 1997; Zhang and Nei 1997; see also Pagel 1997). We contrast well-characterized models of change in species-specific phenotype: gradual change, in which differences in trait values among species are expected to be proportional to the time available for change; genetic change, in which the differences between species in the tested trait are correlated with the number of inferred substitutions that have accumulated between them (Omland 1997; Pagel 1997); and speciational change (Rohlf et al. 1990; Martins and Garland 1991; see DiazUriarte and Garland 1996; Pagel 1997), in which differences are proportional to the number of speciation events separating species. We also consider a new nonhistorical model in which changes are completely independent of history, such that differences among species are expected to be the same, regardless of relationship. These four models are in turn contrasted to a fifth, null hypothesis (the free model), whereby individual lineages accrue phenotypic change at their own idiosyncratic rates. We illustrate this method by examining a number of traits presumed to be involved in sexual signaling in the
Biodegradation and Decolorization of Distillery Spent Wash with Product Release by a Novel Strain Cladosporium cladosporioides: Optimization and Biokinetics

Owing to rapid developments in reducing investment costs for the treatment of industrial effluent and gain through release of product, this investigation focuses on simultaneous treatment and product release. Tests were conducted to reveal the potential of Cladosporium cladosporioides for biodegradation and decolorization of distillery spent wash. A 2 4 full factorial central composite experimental design of Response Surface Methodology was conducted obtaining a maximum decolorization of 62.5 % and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction of 73.6 % at optimized conditions (fructose concentration of 7 g L –1 , peptone 2 g L –1 , 6 pH and 10 % (w/v) inoculum concentration). Results of the kinetic study revealed that the decolorization process follows first order kinetics with half life saturation period of 5.02 days. The products released during the degradation were separated, analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and identified through the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library.
Reovirus-Induced Apoptosis in the Intestine Limits Establishment of Enteric Infection

ABSTRACT Several viruses induce intestinal epithelial cell death during enteric infection. However, it is unclear whether proapoptotic capacity promotes or inhibits replication in this tissue. We infected mice with two reovirus strains that infect the intestine but differ in the capacity to alter immunological tolerance to new food antigen. Infection with reovirus strain T1L, which induces an inflammatory immune response to fed antigen, is prolonged in the intestine, whereas T3D-RV, which does not induce this response, is rapidly cleared from the intestine. Compared with T1L, T3D-RV infection triggered apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and subsequent sloughing of dead cells into the intestinal lumen. We conclude that the infection advantage of T1L derives from its capacity to subvert host restriction by epithelial cell apoptosis, providing a possible mechanism by which T1L enhances inflammatory signals during antigen feeding. Using a panel of T1L × T3D-RV reassortant viruses, we identified the viral M1 and M2 gene segments as determinants of reovirus-induced apoptosis in the intestine. Expression of the T1L M1 and M2 genes in a T3D-RV background was sufficient to limit epithelial cell apoptosis and enhance viral infection to levels displayed by T1L. These findings define additional reovirus gene segments required for enteric infection of mice and illuminate the antiviral effect of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in limiting enteric viral infection. Viral strain-specific differences in the capacity to infect the intestine may be useful in identifying viruses capable of ameliorating tolerance to fed antigen in autoimmune conditions like celiac disease. IMPORTANCE Acute viral infections are thought to be cleared by the host with few lasting consequences. However, there may be much broader and long-lasting effects of viruses on immune homeostasis. Infection with reovirus, a common, nonpathogenic virus, triggers inflammation against innocuous food antigens, implicating this virus in the development of celiac disease, an autoimmune intestinal disorder triggered by exposure to dietary gluten. Using two reovirus strains that differ in the capacity to abrogate oral tolerance, we found that strain-specific differences in the capacity to replicate in the intestine inversely correlate with the capacity to induce apoptotic death of intestinal epithelial cells, providing a host-mediated process to restrict intestinal infection. This work contributes new knowledge about virus-host interactions in the intestine and establishes a foundation for future studies to define mechanisms by which viruses break oral tolerance in celiac disease.