Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical groupwise comparison of spatial point patterns in biological imaging

Elucidating how cerebral structures are organized in space is an important step towards the understanding of brain functioning. We address here the problem of comparing the three-dimensional arrangement of cell populations. Our approach is based on cell intensity maps computed from repeated data that allow to reveal the way populations are organized in space, and we propose a strategy for the statistical comparison of such maps. Our method was evaluated using simulated data and was applied to the analysis of the relative spatial arrangement of interneuron populations within the rat striatum.
Concurrent Timed Port Automata

We present a new and powerful class of automata which are explicitly concurrent and allow a very simple definition of composition. The novelty of these automata is their time-synchronous message-asynchronous communication mechanism. Time synchrony is obtained by using global clock. Message asynchrony is obtained by requiring the automata to react to every input. Explicit concurrency is obtained by marking each transition with a set of input and output messages. We compare these automata with a history based approach which uses the same communication mechanism and show that they are equivalent.
B‐Cell Abnormalities in AIDS: Stable and Clonally‐Restricted Antibody Response in HIV‐1 Infection

Antibodies in sera of HIV‐1 infected individuals against the HIV‐1 core protein (p24), HIV‐1 envelope gtycoprotein (gp120) and reverse transcriptase (RT) are characterized by a skewed light chain isotype expression. The kappa/lambda ratios of antibodies to p24 and gp120 in infected individuals were found to be unique in each individual, but constant over several years independently from disease progression. The oligoclonal nature of the anti‐HIV‐1 antibodies suggested by skewed kappa/lambda expression was confirmed with isoelectric focusing of affinity purified antibodies to p24 and gp120. Analysis of the utilization of V gene families in purified anti‐p24 and anti‐gp120 antibodies revealed a restricted and biased VH gene family usage. In contrast, the utilization of VK gene families appeared to be random.
A 40-GHz 850-fs regeneratively FM mode-locked polarization-maintaining erbium fiber ring laser

An 850-fs pulse train at 40 GHz was directly generated from a regeneratively FM mode-locked fiber laser. The soliton effect was used to generate a short pulse and to suppress the supermode noise. The laser was locked to an external signal by a phase-locked loop (PLL) technique and the wavelength was tunable between 1540 and 1555 mn.
Properties estimation of inhomogeneous dispersive materials by electromagnetic modeling and dielectric spectroscopy

An electroquasistatic numerical model of polyethylene insulation affected by water trees is proposed in this study. The model includes dispersive materials (polyethylene and water trees) having the properties set after processing experimental results obtained by dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency range 10-2-106 Hz, combined with the usage of two semi-analytical models for effective permittivity of dielectric mixtures. The numerical model is implemented in the finite element method of the software package COMSOL Multiphysics. The solution of the proposed model was computed for all frequencies tested in dielectric spectroscopy measurements, and the effective permittivity (real part) and loss tangent as resulting from the numerical model were compared with the experimental ones. The modeling results are close to the experimental data, thus showing that the inverse problem approach proposed in this work leads to a good estimation of the frequency dependent behavior of dielectric inclusions, such as the water trees grown in polyethylene insulation.
Modeling Growth of Cellulomonas cellulans NRRL B 4567 under Substrate Inhibition During Cellulase Production

Cellulase production study was performed in shake flask and bioreactor system using Cellulomonas cellulans NRRL B 4567 for initial substrate concentration from γs 0 = 2 to 12 g L ―1 . The growth, substrate uptake profile and enzyme activity at different initial substrate concentrations were measured. The results inferred the presence of substrate inhibition kinetics. Various substrate inhibition models were tested and parameters were estimated, using non-linear regression analysis. Han-Levenspiel model was found to be the best fitted model for both shake flask and reactor study. The highest volumetric enzyme activity was observed at initial substrate concentration of γs 0 = 12 g L ―1 and 4 g L ―1 in shake flask and bioreactor respectively.
Acoustic based abnormal event detection using robust feature compensation

In addition to traditional video-surveillance applications, the use of acoustic surveillance is becoming increasingly important. The acoustic clues are appropriate for detecting target that are hidden or in a dark location and assumed to make a sound. In the conventional acoustic surveillance systems, the false alarms tend to frequently occur because the conventional acoustic surveillance systems are not robust against the interferences of other sounds. In this study, in order to overcome the conventional difficulty, we apply the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based robust recognizer with feature compensation to the detection of glass destruction sounds. Experimental results confirmed that the feature compensation method is effective not only to speech signals but also to the material sounds like the glass destruction sound.
Rat lung response to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposures

Exposure to different ambient pollutants maybe more toxic to lung than exposure to a single pollutant. In this study, we discussed the inflammation and oxidative stress responses of rat lung caused by ozone and PM2.5 versus that of rats exposed to saline, ozone, or single PM2.5. Wistar rats inhaled 0.8 ppm ozone or air for 4 h and then placed in air for 3 h following intratracheal instillation with 0, 0.2 (low dose), 0.8 (medium dose), 3.2 (high dose) mg/rat PM2.5 dissolved in sterile saline (0.25 mL/rat), repeated twice per week for 3 weeks, the cumulative doses of PM2.5 in animals were 1.2, 4.8, and 19.2 mg. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last (sixth) exposure. The collected bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed for inflammatory cells and cytokines. Lung tissues were processed for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examinations. Results showed that total cell number in BALF of PM2.5‐exposed groups were higher than control (p < 0.05). PM2.5 instillation caused dose‐trend increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6, lactate dehydrogenase, and total protein of BALF. Exposure to ozone alone only caused TNF‐α significant change in above‐mentioned indicators of lung injury. On the other hand, ozone could enhance PM2.5‐induced inflammatory changes and pathological characters in rat lungs. SOD and GSH‐Px activities in lung were reduced in PM2.5‐exposed rats with and without prior ozone exposure compared to control. To determine whether the PM2.5 and ozone affect endothelium system, iNOS, eNOS, and ICAM‐1 mRNA levels in lung were analyzed by real‐time PCR. These data demonstrated that inflammation and oxidative stress were involved in toxicology mechanisms of PM2.5 in rat lung and ozone potentiated these effects induced by PM2.5. These results have implications for understanding the pulmonary effects induced by ozone and PM2.5. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 343–356, 2015.
Notice of RetractionDisulfiram is a Novel Modulator for PPAR

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors involved fatty acid metabolism and energy homeostasis. The PPARs also play crucial roles in the control of cellular growth and differentiation. Disulfiram is a clinically employed alcohol deterrent and has been used in the therapy of alcohol abuse for more than 40 years. Several effects of this drug have been reported for DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. In this study, we found the effects of disulfiram on the transactivation activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Disulfiram strongly influenced the gene reporter expression containing PPAR responsive element (PPRE) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, by using transient transfection assay we also found disulfiram alone activated PPAR subtypes in a dose-dependent manner. These findings might explain certain aspects of disulfiram toxicity and encourage new further studies to determine the toxicity and underlying working mechanism(s) of disulfiram. In conclusion, our results indicate that disulfiram works as a novel PPAR modulater.
UM TESOURO A DESCOBRIR

Este ensaio faz uma analise de “O tesouro”, um conto esquecido de Lygia Fagundes Telles e que teve ate hoje so duas edicoes (1965 e 1973). Ele descreve como um menino pre-adolescente faz sua iniciacao a maturidade tendo por guia um motorista de caminhao que conhece na praia. O foco da analise e o tema da iniciacao e como ele afeta os valores e o comportamento do protagonista. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Effects of Various Hormones on the Sexual Maturity of European Eel (Anguilla Anguilla L.) Females from Farm and Lakes

Previously described and alternative methods of the induction of sexual maturation in the European eel were investigated. Weekly administrations of a gonadoliberin agonist (GnRH-A=D-Phe^6-GnRH-Ea) did not induce statistically significant effect on the gonads of treated eels in none of the dosages used (0.1 μg and 10 μg/fish). Carp pituitary extract and carp pituitary extract together with a dopamine antagonist caused considerable external changes (increase in eye size) and significant gonadal development in two treatment groups: wild and cultivated stocks. The induction of the ovulation by double amount of CP and gonadoliberin agonist with dopamine antagonist mixture was not successful in a wild stock. Fertilisation of stripped eggs of farm eel was attempted unsuccessfully in, due to low egg quality. An advanced phase of the sexual maturation process could be induced in specimen infected by Anguillicola crassus indicating, that nematode infection is not a limiting factor in the artificial propagation of the European eel.
Three-year predictive validity of DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children diagnosed at 4-6 years of age.

OBJECTIVE Predictive validity is a fundamental consideration in evaluating the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly for younger children. METHOD The authors conducted four annual assessments of ADHD and functional impairment using multiple informants in 255 probands and matched comparison children who were 4-6 years old in wave 1. RESULTS Nearly all children who met full criteria for ADHD in wave 1 met full criteria for ADHD over the next 3 years and continued to display marked functional impairment relative to comparison children, even when intelligence, co-occurring psychopathology, and demographic characteristics were controlled. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the validity of the DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD in younger children by demonstrating that the symptoms and associated impairment are likely to persist well into elementary school.
Socs 3 modulates the activity of the transcription factor Stat3 in mammary tissue and controls alveolar homeostasis

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 and 3 (Stat5 and Stat3) control pregnancy‐mediated mammary development and involution‐dependent remodeling, respectively. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3) has been implicated in the modulation of both Stat3 and Stat5 activity. To explore the biology of Socs3 in mammary tissue, the gene was deleted using Cre‐mediated recombination. Deletion of the Socs3 gene from mammary stem or early progenitor cells did not grossly alter pregnancy‐mediated mammary development but resulted in impaired lactation due to attenuated proliferation. Loss of Socs3 from differentiated luminal cells did not interfere with glandular function during lactation, but resulted in accelerated tissue remodeling upon weaning. Loss of Socs3 led to enhanced and precocious Stat3 activation. Thus, Socs3 serves as a modulator of Stat3 activity to ensure controlled proliferation and apoptosis in pregnancy and involution, respectively. Developmental Dynamics 236:654–661, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chattering Analysis of HOSM Controlled Systems: Frequency Domain Approach

In this article, a methodology of chattering analysis of Sliding Mode/Higher Order Sliding Mode (SM/HOSM) control systems in the frequency domain is presented. A numerical method for computing the Describing Functions (DFs) of HOSM control algorithms is given. The algorithm for predicted chattering parameters in dynamically perturbed system via the Describing Function-Harmonic Balance (DF-HB) technique is proposed. The stability conditions for limit cycles in dynamically perturbed HOSM control systems are presented. The concepts of Practical Stability Phase Margin ( PSPM) and Practical Stability Gain Margin (PSGM) as the robustness metrics to unmodeled dynamics in HOSM control systems are introduced. The methodologies for computing PSPM and PSGM via DF-HB technique are provided. The accuracy of the proposed chattering analysis techniques is confirmed via computer simulations.
GPS/IMU based SIFT-matching for aerial romote sensing images

The paper presents a new automatic matching method for aerial imagery based on SIFT with image exterior orientation (EO) elements obtained by GPS/IMU system. Firstly, the image EO elements are used to establish the epipolar equations for constraining y-parallax and to predict the initial x-parallax with approximate elevation. Secondly, the SIFT extraction strategy based on pyramid and slicing method are presented for the sake of large capacity of aerial imagery. Thirdly, the GPS/IMU epipolar equations are used to constrain the searching range in matching step and then the least square matching method are used to improve the matching accuracy to sub-pixel level. At last, the gross error detection method base on varying weight is used to eliminate the miss-matching features.
On scalable spiking convnet hardware for cortex-like visual sensory processing systems

This paper summarizes how Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) can be implemented in hardware using Spiking neural network Address-Event-Representation (AER) technology, for sophisticated pattern and object recognition tasks operating at mili second delay throughputs. Although such hardware would require hundreds of individual convolutional modules and thus is presently not yet available, we discuss methods and technologies for implementing it in the near future. On the other hand, we provide precise behavioral simulations of large scale spiking AER convolutional hardware and evaluate its performance, by using peformance figures of already available AER convolution chips fed with real sensory data obtained from physically available AER motion retina chips. We provide simulation results of systems trained for people recognition, showing recognition delays of a few miliseconds from stimulus onset. ConvNets show good up scaling behavior and possibilities for being implemented efficiently with new nano scale hybrid CMOS/nonCMOS technologies.
Foxa1 and Foxa2 control the differentiation of goblet and enteroendocrine L- and D-cells in mice.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The winged helix transcription factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 are expressed in all epithelia of the gastrointestinal tract from its embryonic origin into adulthood. In vitro studies have shown that Foxa1/a2 can transactivate the promoters of Mucin 2 (Muc2), which is expressed in goblet cells, and of preproglucagon, which is expressed in enteroendocrine cells. These findings suggest Foxa1/a2 as critical factors in the differentiation of gut epithelial cells. METHODS Mice with intestine-specific simultaneous deletion of Foxa1 and Foxa2 were derived using the Cre-loxP system and analyzed using histologic and molecular means. RESULTS Both Foxa1 and Foxa2 were deleted successfully in the epithelia of the small intestine and colon using Villin-Cre mice. Immunohistochemical staining showed that Foxa1/a2 mutants lack glucagon-like peptide-1- and peptide-2-expressing cells (L-cells), and have reduced numbers of somatostatin (D-cells) and peptide YY-expressing cells (L-cells). Preproglucagon, somatostatin, and peptide YY messenger RNA (mRNA) levels also were reduced significantly in Foxa1/a2 mutants. Thus, Foxa1 and Foxa2 are essential regulators of these enteroendocrine lineages in vivo. The mRNA levels of transcription factors Islet-1 and Pax6 were reduced significantly in the small intestine, showing that Foxa1 and Foxa2 impact on a transcription factor network in the enteroendocrine lineage. In addition, deletion of Foxa1/a2 caused a reduction in goblet cell number with altered expression of the secretory mucins Muc2, Mucin5b, Mucin5ac, and Mucin 6. CONCLUSIONS The winged helix factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 are essential members of the transcription factor network that govern secretory cell differentiation in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract.
Towards a model to identify the need and the economic efficiency of digital assistance systems in cyber-physical assembly systems

Digital assistance systems (DAS) in cyber-physical assembly systems (CPAS) encounter the challenge of increasing need for transparent and personalized information that facilitates correct and efficient execution of an individual assembly task. Risks of rising physical and psychological stress triggered by constantly changing work tasks - due to lot-size one - and the resulting issue that work routine cannot be built up prospectively in CPAS can be encountered by DAS. This paper illustrates an approach for a planning and analysis model to clarify requirements of DAS components as well as productivity values of such systems at the same time.
Country Report : India

India’s cybercrime legislation and intellectual property legislation also require updates to conform to international models. In particular, Indian law needs to cover modern copyright issues such as rights management information and technical protection measures. India has still not ratified the WIpo Copyright treaty, leaving significant gaps in copyright protection. parliament is reviewing amendments to the Copyright Act.
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer and HPV-related diseases

ABSTRACT Vaccines are available against human papillomavirus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical and other cancers. Efficacy data from the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine clinical trial program were reviewed. Six randomized, controlled phase II/III trials evaluating cervical endpoints enrolled women from diverse populations and geographical locations. The program analyzed extensively the cohorts most relevant from a public health perspective: the total vaccinated cohort (TVC), approximating a general population including those with existing or previous HPV infection, and TVC-naïve, approximating a population of young women before sexual debut. Results show that the vaccine reduces HPV-16/18 infection and associated cervical endpoints in women regardless of age, location, or sexual experience. It provides cross-protection against some non-vaccine oncogenic HPV types and types causing genital warts, and may be effective against vulvar, oral, and anal HPV infection. Early epidemiology data following its introduction suggest a decline in the prevalence of vaccine and some non-vaccine HPV types.
Cognitive aging and increased distractibility : costs and potential benefits

Older adults show a characteristic pattern of impaired and spared functioning relative to younger adults. Elsewhere we have argued that many age-related changes in cognitive function are rooted in an impaired ability to inhibit irrelevant information and inappropriate responses. In this chapter we review evidence that as a direct result of impaired inhibitory processes, older adults tend to be highly susceptible to distraction. We suggest that because the distinction between relevant and irrelevant is seldom either clear or static, distractibility can manifest as either a cost or a benefit depending on the situation. We review evidence that in situations in which it interferes with the current task, distraction is disproportionately detrimental to older adults compared to university aged adults, but that when previously distracting information becomes relevant, older adults show a benefit whereas younger adults do not.
Process variation-aware floorplanning for 3D many-core processors

Thermal management is one of the critical issues in 3D many-core processors design. 3D many-core floorplanning has so far focused on only the configuration of cores and memories across layers. However, 3D floorplanning should also take die stack ordering into account because the characteristics of dies may vary due to growing process variations. A new 3D floorplanning approach which covers die stack ordering is proposed. The evaluation shows that peak steady state temperature is reduced by about 2 K without any overhead in manufacturing process.
Cellular and Subcellular Expression of Golf/Gs and Gq/G11 α-Subunits in Rat Pancreatic Endocrine Cells

We studied the cellular and subcellular localization of G α-subunits in pancreas by immunocytochemistry. Golfα and G11α were specifically localized in islet insulin B-cells and glucagon A-cells, respectively. Gs α and Gqα labeling was more abundant in B-cells. The presence of Golfα in B-cells was confirmed by in situ hybridization. In B-cells, Golfα and Gsα were found in the Golgi apparatus, plasma membrane (PM) and, remarkably, in mature and immature insulin secretory granules, mainly at the periphery of the insulin grains. Gqα was detected on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) near the Golgi apparatus. In A-cells, the Gα-subunits were mostly within the glucagon granules: G11 α gave the strongest signal, Gsα less strong, Gq was scarce, and Golf was practically absent. Gqα and Gsα immunoreactivity was detected in acinar cells, although it was much weaker than that in islet cells. The cell-dependent distribution of the Gα-subunits indicates that the stimulatory pathways for pancreatic function differ in acinar and in islet B- and A-cells. Furthermore, the G-protein subunits in islet cell secretory granules might be functional and participate in granule trafficking and hormone secretion.
Sequential Test of Fuzzy Hypotheses

In testing statistical hypotheses, as in other statistical problems, we may be confronted with fuzzy concepts. This paper deals with the problem of testing hypotheses, when the hypotheses are fuzzy and the data are crisp. We first give new definitions for notion of mass (density) probability function with fuzzy parameter, probability of type I and type II errors and then state and prove the sequential probability ratio test, on the basis of these new errors, for testing fuzzy hypotheses. Numerical examples are also provided to illustrate the approach.