Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subchronic Administration and Combination Metabotropic Glutamate and GABAB Receptor Drug Therapy in Fragile X Syndrome

The most common cause of inherited mental retardation, fragile X syndrome, results from a triplet repeat expansion in the FMR1 gene and loss of the mRNA binding protein, fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). In the absence of FMRP, signaling through group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) is enhanced. We previously proposed a mechanism whereby the audiogenic seizures exhibited by FMR1 null mice result from an imbalance in excitatory mGluR and inhibitory GABAB receptor (GABABR) signaling (Mol Pharmacol 76:18–24, 2009). Here, we tested the mGluR5-positive allosteric modulator 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB), the mGluR5 inverse agonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP), and GABAB receptor agonists, alone and in combination on receptor protein expression and audiogenic seizures in FMR1 mice. Single doses of MPEP (30 mg/kg), the GABABR orthosteric agonist R-baclofen (1 mg/kg), or the GABABR-positive allosteric modulator N,N′-dicyclopentyl-2-(methylthio)-5-nitro-4,6-pyrimidine diamine (GS-39783) (30 mg/kg), reduced the incidence of seizures. However, when administered subchronically (daily injections for 6 days), MPEP retained its anticonvulsant activity, whereas R-baclofen and GS-39783 did not. When administered at lower doses that had no effect when given alone, a single injection of MPEP plus R-baclofen also reduced seizures, but the effect was lost after subchronic administration. We were surprised to find that subchronic treatment with R-baclofen also induced tolerance to a single high dose of MPEP. These data demonstrate that tolerance develops rapidly to the antiseizure properties of R-baclofen alone and R-baclofen coadministered with MPEP, but not with MPEP alone. Our findings suggest that cross-talk between the G-protein signaling pathways of these receptors affects drug efficacy after repeated treatment.
Patients’ Satisfaction with Partial Denture Therapy

The aim of this study was to evaluate patients' satisfaction with their partial dentures in relation to some socio-economic variables. The aim was also to evaluate patients' satisfaction with denture retention, speech, aesthetics, chewing ability and comfort while wearing dentures. The influence of some factors, such as age, sex, marital status, level of education, smoking, chronic diseases, socio-economic status, ordinal number and age of thepresent dentures, on patients' satisfaction with partial dentures was also evaluated. A total of 165 patients with partial dentures took part in the study. There were 59 males and 106 females aged between 38 and 87 years. Patients graded their satisfaction with their partial dentures in total and then graded aesthetics, speech and retention, chewing ability and comfort while wearing dentures by using a scale from 1 to 5. Following a statistical analysis the following conclusions were made: 1. Patients were mostly satisfied with their partial dentures (the distribution of the scores of the patients' assessments was asymmetrical towards the highest scores in all examined categories). Only 3.2% of the patients were not absolutely satisfied with their partial dentures, 2. More then half of the examined patients scored all the examined variables in the best score category (5), 3. Patients of a higher level of education had higher criteria for the aesthetic appearance, as they assessed their partial denture aesthetics with a lower grades than patients with lower level of education. Males were less satisfied with the chewing ability of lower partial dentures (p 0.05).
Electrocution-related mortality: a review of 351 deaths by low-voltage electrical current.

BACKGROUND We describe herein the characteristics of lethal injuries caused by low-voltage electrical current (electrocution), the most frequent injury caused by electrical current. METHODS Nine hundred forty-five cases over a period of 41 years (1965-2006) were reviewed, of which, 351 electrocution cases were identified. The descriptive statistical analyses were carried out with the application of SPSS 11.0 software. RESULTS Electrocution accounted for 37.14% of all studied electricity-caused injuries. The average age of the victims was 35.25 years. The average age of male victims was 36.19 years and of female victims was 32.55 years. The distribution by gender showed a significant prevalence of the male sex (74.07%). Among the circumstances leading to electrocution, household accidents (78.06%) prevailed over occupational accidents (13.39%). Suicides were significantly rarer (7.41%). 66.10% of all electrocution cases occurred during the summer period from June through September. CONCLUSION Household accidents prevail among the circumstances under which electrocution occurs, with an insignificant difference in the male/female proportion in this group. The majority of electrocutions occurred during the summer period (June-September). The results obtained in this research can help in the development of a differentiated strategy for the prevention of electrocution, while taking into consideration gender, age and season of the year.
Modeling water quality in the Sandusky watershed, Ohio

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model water quantity and water quality in the Sandusky river watershed (SRW), Ohio. The specific objectives of this research were to examine the sensitivity of the simulated outputs of SWAT to different levels of spatial discretization as defined by the threshold area (TA) which is minimum drainage area for the origin of a stream to be defined. Five scenarios were created with threshold area values of 450, 1000, 2125, 4250 and 8500 hectares. The simulated outputs for each scenario were compared to measured values for stream flow, total suspended sediments, mineral phosphorus and nitrate. All simulated variables were sensitive to changes in TA. Based on the simulated versus observed results, the optimal TA value was identified to be between 450-2125ha depending on the variable. The 450ha delineation was the best for nitrate and the 2125ha delineation was the best for hydrology. TSS simulations were quite stable in terms of prediction quality while the mineral phosphorus predictions were too poor to make a sensible judgment. The authors recommend that a spatial sensitivity analysis as presented in this paper should be performed prior to a full calibration-validation study.
Novel Image Superpixel Segmentation Approach using LRW Algorithm

We present a novel image superpixel segmentation approach using the proposed lazy random walk (LRW) algorithm in this paper. Our method begins with initializing the seed positions and runs the LRW algorithm on the input image to obtain the probabilities of each pixel. Then, the boundaries of initial superpixels are obtained according to the probabilities and the commute time. The initial superpixels are iteratively optimized by the new energy function, which is defined on the commute time and the texture measurement.
Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults.

Subjective memory ratings provide information that is distinct from objective memory performance, and there is a need for reliable and valid metamemory measures. The Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire (MMQ), developed to assess separate dimensions of memory ratings that are applicable to clinical assessment and intervention, includes scales of Contentment (i.e., affect regarding one's memory), Ability (i.e., self-appraisal of one's memory capabilities), and Strategy (i.e., reported frequency of memory strategy use). Among a group of 115 older adults, analyses revealed excellent content validity, factorial validity, test-retest and intratest reliability, convergent and discriminant construct validity, and independence from demographic variables. The psychometric strengths of the MMQ, together with descriptive statistics provided for healthy older adults, make this questionnaire useful in both clinical and research settings.
The amyloid β-peptide is imported into mitochondria via the TOM import machinery and localized to mitochondrial cristae

The amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) has been suggested to exert its toxicity intracellularly. Mitochondrial functions can be negatively affected by Aβ and accumulation of Aβ has been detected in mitochondria. Because Aβ is not likely to be produced locally in mitochondria, we decided to investigate the mechanisms for mitochondrial Aβ uptake. Our results from rat mitochondria show that Aβ is transported into mitochondria via the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) machinery. The import was insensitive to valinomycin, indicating that it is independent of the mitochondrial membrane potential. Subfractionation studies following the import experiments revealed Aβ association with the inner membrane fraction, and immunoelectron microscopy after import showed localization of Aβ to mitochondrial cristae. A similar distribution pattern of Aβ in mitochondria was shown by immunoelectron microscopy in human cortical brain biopsies obtained from living subjects with normal pressure hydrocephalus. Thus, we present a unique import mechanism for Aβ in mitochondria and demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that Aβ is located to the mitochondrial cristae. Importantly, we also show that extracellulary applied Aβ can be internalized by human neuroblastoma cells and can colocalize with mitochondrial markers. Together, these results provide further insight into the mitochondrial uptake of Aβ, a peptide considered to be of major significance in Alzheimer's disease.
A Variable (n/m)X Switched Capacitor DC–DC Converter

High gain bidirectional dc–dc converter with high efficiency and high power density is a much desired circuit in any converter/inverter system. It is well known that switched capacitor circuits that are variants of the Dickson converter are suitable candidates for such a system. Modular design, absence of external magnetic components, and high efficiency are some of the features that make them suitable candidates. But, the inability to provide fractional and variable voltage gains at high efficiency during normal operation severely limits their application. It also leads to higher voltage stress in the overall system. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, a generalized modular switched capacitor converter, the “(n/m)X converter,” which is a variant of the original Dickson converter is introduced. Using this generalized configuration, the converter can be designed for a required fractional gain. Next, two different methods to enable dynamic variation in gain with high efficiency using the (n/m)X converter are proposed. Detailed analysis, design steps, equivalent circuits, and experimental results for a 1 kW prototype of a variable (4/0.5)X boost converter validate the proposed theory. A peak measured efficiency of over 95% is achieved for the prototype. The design framework and analysis in this paper can be extended to a generic (n/m)X converter.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus causes both community-associated and health care-associated infections in children at the Hospital Universitario de Santander.

INTRODUCTION Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent cause of infection in the pediatric population. Initially, MRSA was restricted to hospitals; however, outbreaks in the community among people without health care-related risk factors have been reported worldwide. Currently, MRSA is a frequent cause of both hospital and community-associated infections. OBJECTIVE To describe the relationships between the molecular characteristics of MRSA isolates (staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) carriage) and the characteristics of infection (the origin and localization of infection) in pediatric patients at the Hospital Universitario de Santander in Bucaramanga, Colombia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 43 MRSA isolates were obtained from hospitalized pediatric patients. SCCmec typing (I-V), SCCmec IV subtyping and PVL carriage were determined and related to the clinical characteristics. RESULTS Among the MRSA isolates studied, SCCmec IVc was present in 77%, followed by 16% for SCCmec I and 2% for SCCmec IVa. Two isolates were not typeable (NT). PVL genes were carried by 88% of the MRSA isolates, including the SCCmec IVc/IVa and SCCmec I isolates. SCCmec IV caused both community-acquired infection (CAI) (47%) and nosocomial infection (HAI) (53%). SCCmec IV, PVL-positive MRSA was associated with both CAI (47%) and HAI (53%) and caused mostly SSTI and osteoarticular infection. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the presence of community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) (SCCmec IV and PVL positive) causes both health care-associated infection (HCAI) and nosocomial infection (HAI) in pediatric patients in Colombia.
Self-study in physical education teacher education : exploring the interplay of practice and scholarship

SECTION 1: CONSIDERING SELF-STUDY IN, THROUGH, AND FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION. - 1 Doing self-study: The art of turning inquiry on yourself, Alan Ovens and Tim Fletcher. - 2 Bringing the physical into self-study research, Rachel Forgasz. - 3 Self-study as professional development: Some reflections from experience, Karl Attard. - SECTION 2: EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRACTICE AND SCHOLARSHIP. - 4 Becoming a teacher educator: Legitimate participation and the reflexivity of being situated, Ann MacPhail. - 5 Learning to ride a horse as a visceral route to reflecting on my teacher education practices, Dawn Garbett. - 6 Through the looking glass: Distortions of self and context in teacher education, Ashley Casey. - 7 Disturbing practice in teacher education through peer teaching, Alan Ovens. - 8 (De)Reconstructing myself: A journey of critical scholarship in physical education teacher education, Erin Cameron. - 9 Scaling up SSTEP in PETE: Possibilities and precautions, Michael W. Metzler. - 10 On shaky ground: Exploring shifting conceptualizations of knowledge and learning through self-study, Judy Bruce. - 11 The calm before the storm: An auto ethnographic self-study of a physical education teacher educator, Trent D. Brown. - SECTION 3: REFLECTING ON THE POSSIBILITIES OF SELF-STUDY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION. - 12 Reading self-study in/for physical education: Revisiting the zeitgeist of reflection, Richard Tinning. - 13 Where we go from here: Developing pedagogies for PETE and the use of self-study in physical education and teacher education, Mary O'Sullivan. - 14 Reflecting on the possibilities of self-study for physical education, Tim Fletcher and Alan Ovens.
Pandemic influenza 2009 on Réunion Island: A mild wave linked to a low reproduction number

We studied the epidemic trend following the introduction of the pandemic A(H1N1) 2009 in the subtropical Réunion Island. There, the pandemic wave started from week 30 and lasted until week 38, with an estimated attack rate of 12.85 % for symptomatic infections. The best estimate for the initial reproduction number was Ri = 1.26 [1.08; 1.49]. It results that the herd immunity necessary to stop the epidemic growth is of the same magnitude than the attack rate. Thus, a second wave before the 2010 austral winter seems unlikely, unless a viral mutation.
Morphological approach of handwritten word skew correction

The correction of handwritten word skew is an arduous task that must be independent of due to style and writing conditions variations. We propose here a morphology-based method to detect and correct handwritten word skew in the treatment of dates written on bank checks. Our aim is to limit the number of parameters and heuristic features necessary for a good skew correction. Our approach is based on the morphological pseudo-convex hull. We illustrate the accuracy of this new method with real examples of dates handwritten on bank checks.
CBIR using Bucketing and Histogram

In content based image retrieval (CBIR) system, Colour histogram is widely used. Although colour histograms are efficient and insensitive to changes in camera viewpoint, images with different appearance may result in similar histograms. In this paper, we have proposed histogram based matching by diving images into several buckets (grids). This will overcome the shortcoming of histogram matching of whole image. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using performance metrics and it is observed that proposed algorithm (with bucketing) gives better performance than that of without bucketing retrieval algorithm. General Terms Pattern Recognition, Security
Metaphysics of Change and Identity

Several authors have claimed the need of the IS community to theorize the IT-artifact. Additionally, phenomena of ‘change’ in all its facets assume a prominent role in information systems research. This paper is targeting at the intersection of research on change and the IT-artifact. The lack of longitudinal studies in the IS-literature has obscured the challenges of theorizing the IT-artifact over time. This paper raises the question under what conditions an IT-artifact persists through time as one and the same object. By exploring the metaphysical assumptions of our common understanding of the IT-artifact the inadequacy of current conceptualizations of change and IT is demonstrated. The paper shows that the commonly held identity bases on a substance philosophical viewpoint. A conceptualization of identity based on process philosophy is introduced as an alternative that avoids shortcomings of the former. Thereby, new means to study information systems and their evolution over time evolve.
Controlling dynamic contact transition for nonholonomic mobile manipulators

This work is devoted to planning and execution of complex missions in robotics. Robotics has evolved from an industrial, repetitive framework to application domains with much more variability of tasks, with increasing complexity in uncertain environment. This is clearly the case for service robotics for example, but even industrial robots have now to work in environment not totally calibrated for the task they have to perform. The result is that the classical decomposition in static ordered local tasks cannot apply in presence of such a variability. It has a poor dynamic performance and cannot cope with uncertainties. Our work is organized around a complex mission: "Go to the blackboard and write" for mobile manipulators that have capabilities of locomotion and manipulation. It is a simple and intuitive example of a complex mission that relies on different sensors, exhibits different operating modes and needs to switch between different feedbacks and set-points. Our approach is based on hybrid dynamical systems. It is focused on dynamical sequencing of control laws that ensures good transients, robustness and allows to update the mission at every transition from one mode to another. Simulations have been realized with Matlab Simulink and Stateflow toolboxes and an experimental validation has been developed within the controller on the H/sub 2/bis nonholonomic mobile manipulator.
"It is always a lot of fun!": exploring dimensions of digital game experience using focus group methodology

This paper focuses on digital game experience: the feelings and experiences people have when they play digital games. Digital game experience is not a one-dimensional concept. Great variety exists in game genres and game players, and game experiences will differ accordingly. To date, game experience is studied in a rather fragmented way. As such, the field still lacks a common vocabulary and a shared taxonomy of the different dimensions of game experience. In this paper we describe a focus group study and present a tentative, but comprehensive categorisation of game experience. Focus groups with various types of gamers were organised to capture a full first-hand account of game experiences and second, findings were discussed in an expert meeting in which empirical findings were consolidated with existing theoretical findings. The categorisation bears relevance for both game theorists and game developers wanting to get to the heart of digital game experience.
Norepinephrine Sensitivity and Membrane Potentials of Caudal Arterial Muscle in DOCA‐Salt, Dahl, and SHR Hypertension in the Rat

Comparison of norepinephrine (NE) sensitivity in caudal arterial muscle of rats with three forms of hypertension showed that there was no increase in either DOCA-salt or Dahl genetic hypertension, in contrast to the increased NE sensitivity found in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In hypertension induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt treatment, as in Dahl genetic hypertension, there was also no difference in membrane potential (Em,) between hypertensive and normotensive rats. By comparison to the SHR membrane alterations reported previously, any increased NE sensitivity might have been associated with altered Em electrogenesis which is triggered by a trophic factor of the sympathetic nervous system. SHR have a lower intracellular K+ free ion concentration and thus a smaller contribution of the ion gradient generated voltage which appears to be compensated for at rest by more active electrogenic ion transport. While SHR show greater depolarization and contraction than Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats in response to midrange NE concentrations, DOCA-salt and Dahl hypertensive rat caudal arterial muscle showed neither NE hypersensitivity nor any evidence of altered Em mechanisms. Ion transport in isolated peripheral arteries In DOCA-salt hypertension may only secondarily be altered in response to primary changes in humoral factors and altered neural control mechanisms. (Hypertension 4 (suppl II): II-49–II-51, 1982)
Content standards for medical image metadata

Medical images are at the heart of the healthcare diagnostic procedures. They have provided not only a noninvasive mean to view anatomical cross-sections of internal organs but also a mean for physicians to evaluate the patient’s diagnosis and monitor the effects of the treatment. For a Medical Center, the emphasis may shift from the generation of image to post processing and data management since the medical staff may generate even more processed images and other data from the original image after various analyses and post processing. A medical image data repository for health care information system is becoming a critical need. This data repository would contain comprehensive patient records, including information such as clinical data and related diagnostic images, and post-processed images. Due to the large volume and complexity of the data as well as the diversified user access requirements, the implementation of the medical image archive system will be a complex and challenging task. This paper discusses content standards for medical image metadata. In addition it also focuses on the image metadata content evaluation and metadata quality management.