Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Technical correspondence

A LOCALLY ADAPTIVE DATA COMPRESSION SCHEME I would like to mention that the main results of the paper “A Locally Adaptive Data Compression Scheme” by Bentley, Sleator, Tarjan, and Wei [l] coincides with many of the results of my paper “Data Compression by Means of a ‘Book Stack”’ [3]. Both papers deal with the encoding of words over an alphabet A. Each letter is given a code in order to make the code length of a word as small as possible. The frequencies of letters are not known a priori. The same coding procedure was developed in both papers. It is called “book stack” in my paper and “move-to-front” in theirs. It is as follows: the alphabet A coincides as a stack of books. As soon as a letter occurs, the corresponding “book” is taken from the stack output on its top, etc. If a letter is located on the ith place in the stack, then its code length is f(i). There are codes with f(i) = (1) 1 + 2 Llog iJ, (2) 1 + log iJ + 2 Llog(l + 1ogi)J. (3) 1 + Llogil + Llog(1 + 1ogi)J + 2Llog(l + (1 + logi))J, (4) Llog iJ + Llog(1 + logn)J, and (5) Llogil + Llog(l + 1ogi)J + Llog(1 + log(l + 1ogn)J. The optimal universal code for monotonic source from my paper “Encoding of a Source with Unknown but Ordered Probabilities” [2] is used in their paper. For that encoding f(i) = log i + log log n + O(1). If A is a countable alphabet. then f(i) = log i + O(loglogi). So, in both papers, the code length equals log i to within an addend o(loglog). There are upper bounds for the average code length: H + loglogn + O(1) in theirs; and H + 1 + 21og(l + H). where H denotes the entropy, in mine. I believe that the discussed coding procedure has many attractive features: It is simple to implement, it does not require a priori knowledge of source statistics, and it yields the average code length arbitrarily closed to the entropy (if applied to the blocks of letters). Those features are described in both papers.
Stereo cloud‐top height retrieval with ASTER and MISR

The combined multi‐view photogrammetric retrieval of cloud‐top height (CTH) from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and the Multi‐angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) is discussed. Although ASTER was designed mainly for land applications, the synergistic use of MISR and ASTER is shown to be valuable for 3D cloud analysis. A new cloud‐adapted matching algorithm based on least‐squares matching (LSM) was used for the photogrammetric processing of both MISR and ASTER. The methods were applied to an ASTER scene over Zürich‐Kloten, Switzerland, in April 2002, which was acquired on‐demand. This case study, with coincident ASTER, MISR and Meteosat‐6 10‐minute Rapid Scans, is treated in detail. As a matching validation option it is shown that, by chance, the cloud motion error for the MISR An‐Aa and ASTER stereo CTHs is approximately the same, independent of the actual cloud height and cloud motion. It was therefore possible to evaluate the accuracy of the MISR An‐Aa matching versus the ASTER matching, independent of artefacts due to the subsequent wind correction. The results were also compared to the operational MISR L2TC stereo CTH results. The results obtained by each of these methods yield consistent values for CTH (uncorrected for wind motion).
Why methylation is not a marker predictive of response to hypomethylating agents

The azanucleotides azacitidine and decitabine have been shown to induce hematologic response and prolong survival in higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes. They are inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase-1 and induce DNA-hypomethylation. Induction of apoptosis is also clinically relevant, in particular during the first treatment cycles, when cytopenia is a frequent side-effect. Since the hypomethylating effect is reversible, and the malignant clone has been shown to persist in most responding patients, several cycles are necessary to achieve and maintain responses, while treatment interruption is associated with rapid relapse. Methylation studies have shown global and gene-specific hypermethylation in myelodysplastic syndromes, but there seems to be little relation between the degree of demethylation following hypomethylating treatment and hematologic response. The presence of concurrent genomic hypermethylation and hypomethylation may impair the predictive power of current detection techniques. This scenario has been complicated by the identification of epigenetic enzyme mutations, including TET2, IDH1/2, DNMT3A and EZH2, which are important for response to hypomethylating treatment. Changes in azanucleotide metabolism genes may also play a role. In the future, methylation analysis concentrating not only on promoters, but also on gene bodies and intergenic regions, may identify key genes in patients with the highest probability of response to azanucleotides and allow a patient-tailored approach.
Principal component analysis and determination of the selection criteria in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L . ) genotypes

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the major cereal crop in Iran on which the food security rests. Determination of the best selection criteria is the most important aim in wheat breeding programs. In order to evaluate and classify morphological and morpho-physiological traits of bread wheat genotypes, 18 cultivars were sown in randomised complete block design with three replications. Principal component analysis indicated that four important components accounted for about 76 percent of the total variation among traits in bread wheat cultivars. The first component assigned 38 percent of total variation between traits and was significantly related with spike yield and it’s components. Therefore, this component was regarded as spike seed yield. Other components accounted for 15, 12 and 11 percent of variation between traits and were entitled as tillering, seed weight and seed yield components, respectively. Overall, results revealed importance of spike and seed yield components in breeding of spike yield and seed production ability in nread wheat cultivars.
Reviewing the Problem of Learning Non-Taxonomic Relationships of Ontologies from Text

Learning Non-Taxonomic Relationships is a sub-field of Ontology Learning that aims at automating the extraction of these relationships from text. This article discusses the problem of Learning Non-Taxonomic Relationships of ontologies and proposes a generic process for approaching it. Some techniques representing the state of the art of this field are discussed along with their advantages and limitations. Finally, a framework for Learning Non-Taxonomic Relationships being developed by the authors is briefly discussed. This framework intends to be a customizable solution to reach good effectiveness in the process of extraction of non-taxonomic relationships according to the characteristics of the corpus.
Filtering algorithm with a piecewise-polynomial description of signals taking account of their continuity and level constraint

A new method for constructing Kalman-type filters is proposed, which, in addition to classical models of stochastic processes generated by a white noise, also uses a more universal piecewise-polynomial description of signals with consideration of their continuity and smoothness, allowing observing constraints on their level. On the one hand, the description makes it possible to avoid difficulties of filter adjustment in the lack of complete information about the signal probabilistic properties. On the other hand, the method proposed is more general as compared to the traditional spline approximation as it allows using information about the level of the nonstochastic component (and/or its derivatives), taking proper account of the structure and parameters of the stochastic components. The solution is obtained in recursive form.
RELEASE OF GENETIC TRANSFORMING AGENT FROM PNEUMOCOCCAL CULTURES DURING GROWTH AND DISINTEGRATION

Genetic transformations of pneumococcus mediated by streptomycin-induced lysates were studied to gain some insight into the nature of freshly released transforming principle, and the influence of the physiologic state of the donor population on the transformation process. It was found that streptomycin could make the DNA of sensitive cells available for transformation of other cells. Living cultures of pneumococcus growing exponentially in ordinary media were also found to discharge significant quantities of genetically active DNA. Such cultures, not treated with any drug, showed no evidence of concomitant cell disintegration or death. Both single markers and small linkage groups could be transferred in transformations mediated by drug-induced lysates and by filtrates of living cultures. The quantity of DNA liberated is small (less than 0.1 µg per ml), but these transformations are at least as efficient as transformations mediated by purified DNA, when compared on the basis of total DNA available. Up to 1 per cent of the cells in an average recipient culture can be transformed by a small quantity of culture fluid. Both in drug-treated and in untreated cultures the amount of transforming activity increased and then decreased during growth of the culture. Although the source of transforming DNA in growing cultures could not be established, the decline in the transforming activity of aging drug-treated or untreated cultures was attributed to the presence of deoxyribonuclease. The release of this nuclease by pneumococcal cultures midway in exponential growth is sufficient to result in a mild degradation of the low concentration of freshly released transforming agent present. Maximal release of active transforming agent by a living culture coincided in time with the development of maximal receptivity to exogenous DNA by that culture. As a result, recombinants could be recovered from appropriately genetically marked strains growing in each other's presence. In view of these results, it seems possible that DNA-mediated transformations might provide, or might have provided, a mechanism of genetic recombination in nature for some bacterial species in which sexual mechanisms may not be available.
Unsupervised public health event detection for epidemic intelligence

Recent pandemics such as Swine Flu have caused concern for public health officials. Given the ever increasing pace at which infectious diseases can spread globally, officials must be prepared to react sooner and with greater epidemic intelligence gathering capabilities. However, state-of-the-art systems for Epidemic Intelligence have not kept the pace with the growing need for more robust public health event detection. In this paper, we propose a game-changing approach where public health events are detected in an unsupervised manner. We address the problems associated with adapting an unsupervised learner to the medical domain and in doing so, propose an approach which combines aspects from different feature-based event detection methods. We evaluate our approach with a real world dataset with respect to the quality of article clusters. Our results show that we are able to achieve a precision of 66% and a recall of 81% when evaluated using manually annotated, real-world data. This shows promising results for the use of such techniques in this new problem setting.
The Community of CrossFit: An Ethnographic Inquiry

CrossFit has only recently emerged in the sporting landscape and has already developed a massive following. The program is part sport, part exercise system, and is known for its unconventional approach to fitness which combines high intensity exercises with functional fitness, all performed in a group setting. Creating a community is one of the largest claims of the organization and is accredited with much of the positive experiences that keep members coming back. This thesis uses ethnographic data (participant observation and ethnographic) interviews to explore the dynamic of community in one CrossFit box. Findings suggest that CrossFit is best theorized as a community of practice and that studying physical cultures through the framework of community is an effective method to study physical culture by accounting for multiple variables including; personal relationships, autonomy, conflict, and more, amongst members of
Acute hyperglycemia regulates transcription and posttranscriptional stability of PKCβII mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells

Acute hyperglycemia may contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes and by accelerating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. We investigated acute glucose regulation of PKCβ gene expression in A10 cells, a rat aortic smooth muscle cell line. Western blot analysis showed that PKCβII protein levels decreased with high glucose (25 mM) compared to normal glucose (5.5 mM), whereas PKCβI levels were unaltered. PKCβ mRNA levels were depleted by 60–75% in hyperglycemic conditions. To elucidate whether high glucose regulated PKCβ expression via the common promoter for PKCβI and PKCβII, deletion constructs of the PKCβ promoter ligated to CAT as reporter gene were transfected into A10 cells. Construct D (−411 to + 179CAT) showed quenching in high glucose (25 mM) and suggested the involvement of a carbohydrate response element in the 5′ promoter region of the PKCβ gene. In actinomycin D‐treated A10 cells, a 60% decrease in PKCβ mRNA with high glucose treatment indicated that posttranscriptional destabilization by glucose was also occurring. We have demonstrated that glucose‐induced posttranscriptional destabilization of PKCβII message is mediated via a nuclease activity present in the cytosol. The specificity of glucose to post‐transcriptionally destabilize PKCβII mRNA, but not the PKCβI mRNA, was confirmed in both A10 cells and primary cultures from human aorta. —Patel, N. A. , Chalfant, C. E. , Yamamoto, M. , Watson, J. E. , Eichler, D. C. , Cooper, D. R. Acute hyperglycemia regulates transcription and posttranscriptional stability of PKCβII mRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells. FASEB J. 13, 103–113 (1999)
In Situ Detection of the p53-E6 and pRb-E7 Complex Formation in EC109 Cell by Proximity Ligation Assay

Human papillomavirus is an important cancer factor in many cancers. E6E7 is the important viral oncogene and plays an important role. It is known that its function is to regulate p53 and pRb. In this paper, in situdetection was performed to determine the interaction between them; the research provides visual evidence of their interaction. Research methods: In situ PLA reaction was used to detect the relationship between two different protein. Results: The quantity of the HPV18E6 expression is much higher than the expression of HPV18E7 protein in HeLa and EC109 cells; the interaction between p53-E6 and pRb-E7 was clearly observed and this effect could be visualized by this method. Conclusion: Interaction of the HPV18E6 protein combined with p53 protein and HPV18E7 protein combined with pRb protein could be visualized in cell.
Disambiguation of Lexical Trans-lations based on Bilingual Comparable Corpora

Bilingual dictionaries of machine readable form are important and indispensable information resources for cross-language information retrieval (CLIR), machine translation(MT), and so on. Speci c academic areas or technology elds become focused on in these cross language informational activities. In this paper, we describe bilingual dictionary acquisition system which extracts translations from nonparallel but comparable corpora of speci c academic elds and disambiguates the extracted translations. The proposed method is two fold. At the rst stage, candidates of terms are extracted and ranked from Japanese and English corpus, respectively. At the second stage, ambiguous translations are resolved by selecting a translation of target language which is the nearest ranked to the source language term. Finally, we experimentally evaluate the proposed method.
A Fast and Accurate Process Variation-Aware Modeling Technique for Resistive Bridge Defects

Recent research has shown that tests generated without taking process variation into account may lead to loss of test quality. At present, there is no efficient device-level modeling technique that models the effect of process variation on resistive bridge defects. This paper presents a fast and accurate technique to achieve this, including modeling the effect of voltage and temperature variation using the BSIM4 transistor model. To speed up the computation time and without compromising simulation accuracy (achieved through BSIM4), two efficient voltage approximation algorithms are proposed for calculating logic threshold of driven gates and voltages on bridged lines of a fault-site to calculate bridge critical resistance. Experiments are conducted on a 65 nm gate library (for illustration purposes), and results show that on average the proposed modeling technique is more than 53 times faster and in the worst case, error in bridge critical resistance is 2.64% when compared with HSPICE.
Robust unscented Kalman filter for visual servoing system

This paper presents a robust pose estimator for visual servoing system. Although various filters has been used as pose estimators, very limited research has been focused on the stability and robustness of pose estimators. UKF or EKF based pose estimator is one of most celebrated approaches in uncertain and noisy environment for nonlinear observations. However convergence of these filters is subject to some restrictive conditions in practice. In order to obtain a robust converging filter, pose estimation problem in visual servoing system is decomposed to an unscented Kalman observer (UKO) in cascade with a Kalman filter (KF). This structure inverts an uncertain nonlinear estimation problem to a certain nonlinear estimation in addition to an uncertain linear estimation. Additionally, a modified principal component analysis (PCA) based feature extractor is extended in this paper, which is shown to be robust in a noisy environment. The reported experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed structure in visual servoing system.
Using Balanced Data Placement to Address I/O Contention in Production Environments

Designed for capacity and capability, HPC I/O systems are inherently complex and shared among multiple, concurrent jobs competing for resources. Lack of centralized coordination and control often render the end-to-end I/O paths vulnerable to load imbalance and contention. With the emergence of data-intensive HPC applications, storage systems are further contended for performance and scalability. This paper proposes to unify two key approaches to tackle the imbalanced use of I/O resources and to achieve an end-to-end I/O performance improvement in the most transparent way. First, it utilizes a topology-aware, Balanced Placement I/O method (BPIO) for mitigating resource contention. Second, it takes advantage of the platform-neutral ADIOS middleware, which provides a flexible I/O mechanism for scientific applications. By integrating BPIO with ADIOS, referred to as Aequilibro, we obtain an end-to-end and per job I/O performance improvement for ADIOS-enabled HPC applications without requiring any code changes. Aequilibro can be applied to almost any HPC platform and is mostly suitable for systems that lack a centralized file system resource manager. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our integration on the Titan system at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Our experiments with a synthetic benchmark and real-world HPC workload show that, even in a noisy production environment, Aequilibro can improve large-scale application performance significantly.
Psychological outcome and quality of life in children born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Objective: To assess psychological and social functioning and health related quality of life and its early determinants in children born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Design: Cross-sectional follow-up study. Setting: Outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Participants: 33 CDH survivors aged 6–16 years. Main exposure: Patients who developed CDH associated respiratory distress within 24 h after birth. Main outcome measure: Psychological and social functioning assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R), Bourdon-Vos test, Beery Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Report Form (TRF), and health related quality of life assessed with the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) and Health Utilities Index (HUI). Results: Normal mean (SD) total IQ (100.0 (13.2)) and normal visual-motor integration, but significantly lower results for sustained attention (Bourdon-Vos test, 38.8 (11.2) points) were found. Learning difficulties were reported by 30% of parents. Eight children had scores in the clinical range on the CBCL and/or TRF, indicating clinically significant behavioural problems. Except for the CHQ scale General Health, health status was not different from the reference population. No significant correlations between test results and severity of CDH were found, except for an association of general health and physical functioning with length of hospital stay. Conclusion: CDH patients are at risk for subtle cognitive and behavioural problems, probably not related to CDH severity. Perception of general health is reduced compared to the reference population, indicating that CDH survivors and their parents believe their health is poor and likely to get worse.
A MODEL OF MATCHING WITH FRICTION AND MULTIPLE CRITERIA

We present a model of matching based on two character measures. There are two classes of individual. Each individual observes a sequence of potential partners from the opposite class. One measure describes the ”attractiveness” of an individual. Preferences are common according to this measure: i.e. each individual prefers highly attractive partners and all individuals of a given class agree as to how attractive individuals of the opposite class are. Preferences are homotypic with respect to the second measure, referred to as ”character” i.e. all individuals prefer partners of a similar character. Such a problem may be interpreted as e.g. a job search problem in which the classes are employer and employee, or a mate choice problem in which the classes are male and female. It is assumed that attractiveness is easy to measure and observable with certainty. However, in order to observe the character of an individual, an interview (or courtship) is required. Hence, on observing the attractiveness of a prospective partner an individual must decide whether he/she wishes to proceed to the interview stage. Interviews only occur by mutual consent. A pair can only be formed after an interview. During the interview phase the prospective pair observe each other’s character, and then decide whether they wish to form a pair. It is assumed that mutual acceptance is required for pair formation to occur. An individual stops searching on finding a partner. This paper presents a general model of such a matching process. A particular case is considered in which character ”forms a ring” and has a uniform distribution. A set of criteria based on the concept of a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium is used to define the solution of this particular game. It is shown that such a solution is unique. The general form of the solution is derived and a procedure for finding the solution of such a game is given.
Real-time configuration code decompression for dynamic FPGA self-reconfiguration

Summary form only given. Xilinx Virtex FPGAs have the possibility of dynamical partial run-time reconfiguration. If a system uses this feature with many different configuration bitstreams for substitution of parts in reconfiguration memory, the amount of necessary memory increases. The sum of memory amount which has to be provided for the configuration data is not negligible. This fact suggests the investigation of compressing data before they are stored in memory modules of a system. The compressed bitstream data has to be decompressed before transferring it to the FPGA. We show an approach of compressing configuration data at design time and decompressing them with a hardware module implemented on FPGA while run-time.