Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MaTrEx: the DCU MT System for NTCIR-8

This paper gives the system description of the Dublin City University Machine Translation system MaTrEx for our participation in the translation subtask in the NTCIR-8 Patent Translation Task under under the team ID of DCUMT. Four techniques are deployed in our systems: supertagged PB-SMT, context informed PB-SMT, noise reduction, and system combination. For EN-JP, our system stood second in terms of BLEU reference score among six participants.
Comparative activities of selected combinations of acyclovir, vidarabine, arabinosyl hypoxanthine, interferon, and polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid complex against herpes simplex virus type 2 in tissue culture and intravaginally inoculated mice

The effects of double and triple combinations of acyclovir (ACV), adenine arabinoside (ara-A), arabinosyl hypoxanthine, or interferon on herpes simplex virus type 2 in mouse embryo fibroblasts were measured. These in vitro data were compared with results obtained in mice infected intravaginally with herpes simplex virus type 2 and treated intraperitoneally with low- and high-dose combinations of ACV, ara-A, or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid(poly-L-lysine)carboxymethylcellulose complex [poly IC(LC)], an interferon inducer. Although all double combinations and one triple combination evoked synergistic reactions in vitro, results did not necessarily predict in vivo observations. In vivo synergy was observed when combinations of ACV and ara-A and low doses of ara-A-ACV-poly IC(LC) were used. However, toxicity was seen with full-dose nucleoside-poly IC(LC) doublets. The full-dose ACV-ara-A combination completely prevented progression beyond vaginitis, with all animals surviving. The ara-A-ACV results observed in mice, together with in vivo data of others, suggest that this combination might prove clinically useful for certain herpes simplex virus type 2 infections.
Framework for Information Systems Architecture

Okvir za arhitekturu informacijskog sustava je opca shema za klasifikaciju artefakata informacijskog sustava, ali i za klasifikaciju artefakata bilo kojeg kompleksnog proizvoda. Okvir pomaže pri razmatranju informacijskog sustava kao kompleksnog inženjerskog proizvoda. Može poslužiti pri određivanju artefakata informacijskog sustava, pri odabiru metode izgradnje, definiranju faza izgradnje, pri određivanju kontrolnih tocaka za ocjenjivanje napredovanja projekta izgradnje informacijskog sustava. Tablicni prikaz pogoduje holistickom uocavanju sustava i ocjenjivanju uloge komponenata sustava. Okvir je l alatr za promisljanje informacijskog sustava, nikako alat za njegov razvoj.
Hybrid Multilevel Inverter Using Switched Capacitor Units

In this paper, two new topologies are proposed for multilevel inverters. The proposed topologies consist of a combination of the conventional series and the switched capacitor inverter units. The proposed topologies reduce the number of switches and isolated dc voltage sources, the variety of the dc voltage source values, and the size and cost of the system in comparison with the conventional topologies. In addition, the proposed topologies can double the input voltage without a transformer. There is no need for complicated methods to balance the capacitor voltage. The simulation and experimental results of single-phase 25- and 17-level inverters are given to prove the correct operation of the proposed topologies.
Mission-driven tactical network management

In the tactical military context, the network exists to support a mission. Consequently, part of the process of mission planning is to define the required network performance in terms of measurable quantities (metrics). These metrics, such as required message delivery rates, maximum acceptable latencies, and acceptable-loss thresholds are used to design the network. This paper presents the TITAN (Tactical Information Technologies for Assured Networks) Network Management System (NMS), which uses these metrics to manage the network as well. The TITAN NMS generates maintenance policies from the stated mission goals and the generated network plan. The maintenance policies describe the metrics to be measured, the acceptable values of those metrics and the actions to take on various levels of the management hierarchy when values of the metrics are not acceptable. If the policy-defined actions do not restore the network performance to acceptable levels, the TITAN NMS dynamically replans the network to meet the mission needs. We describe the TITAN NMS system and its application to the problem of automating the management of future military tactical networks, along with scenarios illustrating the operation of the system.
Effects of manipulating tetanic calcium on the curvature of the force‐velocity relationship in isolated rat soleus muscles

In dynamically contracting muscles, increased curvature of the force‐velocity relationship contributes to the loss of power during fatigue. It has been proposed that fatigue‐induced reduction in [Ca++]i causes this increased curvature. However, earlier studies on single fibres have been conducted at low temperatures. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that curvature is increased by reductions in tetanic [Ca++]i in isolated skeletal muscle at near‐physiological temperatures.
Starch nanocrystals as particle stabilisers of oil-in-water emulsions.

BACKGROUND As an environmentally benign particle emulsifier, starch nanocrystal (SNC) has attracted considerable attention. By submitting waxy maize starch to acid below the gelatinisation temperature of starch, nanoscale crystalline residues, which are SNCs, were separated from starch granules by hydrolysing amorphous regions. The SNC could be used as a particle emulsifier to stabilise emulsions. RESULTS The SNC could adsorb at the oil-water interface to stabilise oil-in-water emulsions with high stability to coalescence. The creaming of emulsions occurred after homogenisation but decreased with increasing SNC content, which was mainly due to the formation of an inter-particle network in the emulsions. Because of the amount of sulfuric groups at the surface, the SNC was negatively charged. Therefore, at low pH values or high salt content the electrostatic repulsion of the SNC was reduced, which further caused droplet aggregation and an increase in size of the particles in the emulsions stabilised by the SNC. CONCLUSION The SNC was an efficient particle emulsifier for preparing Pickering emulsions. The size of emulsions stabilised by the SNC could be tailored by changing the pH value or salt concentration.
Métodos de estimativa de peso corporal e altura em adultos hospitalizados: uma análise comparativa

The aim of this study was to compare the values obtained through methods directed to height and body weight estimates in relation to measurements taken from hospitalized adult. Study participants were 142 adults of both genders. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, knee height, arm length, span, demi-span, recumbent height, calf, arm and abdominal circumferences and subscapular skinfold thickness were taken. The actual measurements were compared with those obtained from formulas for estimating weight and height, using the paired t test. The estimated measurements differed significantly (p 0.001). The average estimated body weight closest to the actual body weight for men was obtained with the formula that used the measurements of arm, abdominal and calf circumferences. For women, the biggest coincidences were obtained by means of the formula that utilizes the variable knee height. For both men and women, the averages related to the body mass index, calculated through estimated body weight and height measurements resulted in the same nutritional diagnosis when compared to the body mass index involving actual measurements. The estimated height by the formula that utilizes the variable knee height among men was the only measurement which did not represent significant differences. Other methodologies for estimating body weight and height presented significant differences, which suggests that new studies using other methodologies are necessary.
Eating Disorders and Attitudes in Maltese and Italian Female Students

Background: No study to date has investigated the frequency of eating disorders (ED) in Malta. The aim of the present study was to provide a cross-cultural comparison between Malta and Italy as regards the frequency of ED and problematic eating attitudes among female students. Sampling and Methods: 128 Maltese and 135 Italian female students aged 16–20 were surveyed. Subjects underwent a structured clinical interview and completed some self-reported questionnaires: the Eating Attitudes Test, the Inventory for the Screening of Eating Disorders and the Eating Disorders Examination-Screening Version. Results: The rates of ED are very similar in the two samples with the exception of the frequency of binge eating disorder which is zero in the Italian sample and 4% among Maltese students. Maltese female students weighed significantly more than their Italian counterparts. They also reported more frequent dieting, fear of fatness and experience of low self-esteem related to body shape and weight. Conclusions: Despite the fact that Maltese female students have a greater tendency to be overweight and display more problematic eating and body attitudes, their risk of developing ED, with the exception of binge eating disorder, is similar to that of their Italian counterparts.
Elements and Opposites in Heraclitus

Abstract In this paper, I discuss the various characteristics of Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation that can reasonably be gleaned from the extant fragments. While there has been some recent work on Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation, there has been a lack of discussion concerning the properties of the particular elements and their relation to the cardinal opposites. In this paper I argue that fragment B126 (“Cold things warm up, warm things cool off; wet things dry up and dry things moisten”) is an explanandum for Heraclitus. It is meant to invoke certain questions in his readers’ minds: How is it that cold things come to hold an opposing property (i. e. “hot”)? What type of change occurs such that a wet thing can become dry? How is it that things hold these properties in the first place? I argue that Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation (B31, B36 and B76) is the explanans for B126 and is capable of answering these questions. That is, the observable change evident in B126 is explained by a set of transformations between elemental stuffs. Because of this connection between B126 and his theory of elements, Heraclitus’ theory of elemental transformation is rightly understood as a ‘unity of opposites’ thesis. However, I argue that the transformation of opposites can only be one opposites thesis among several opposites theses.
Competition between splicing and polyadenylation reactions determines which adenovirus region E3 mRNAs are synthesized

Complex transcription units encode multiple mRNAs which arise by alternative processing of a common pre-mRNA precursor. It is not known how the pre-mRNA processing pathways are determined or controlled. We are investigating this problem by using the E3 complex transcription unit of adenovirus as a model. Our approach is to construct virus mutants with lesions in E3 and then determine how the mutation affects the accumulation of E3 mRNAs in vivo. We report results which indicate that competition between splicing reactions and polyadenylation reactions occurs in vivo and that this plays an important role in alternative pre-mRNA processing.
Impact of a competitive marathon race on systemic cytokine and neutrophil responses.

PURPOSE To investigate whether cytokines and neutrophils mediate exercise-related pathogenesis, we examined their responses and possible association after exhaustive exercise. METHODS Plasma and urine samples were obtained from 10 male runners before and after a 42.195-km marathon race. Major cytokines and neutrophil activation markers [myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactoferrin (LTF)] were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Functional modulation of standard neutrophils and monocytes by plasma was determined on their luminol-dependent chemiluminescence responses. RESULTS The race induced peripheral neutrophilia accompanied by an increase in band neutrophils and monocytosis. Plasma MPO and LTF concentrations increased significantly by 1.8 and 1.4 times after the race. There was a greater increase in urine concentrations of MPO and LTF, 12.3 and 3.5 times after exercise, respectively, suggesting that neutrophil activation occurred and that renal clearance exceeded the increase in plasma concentrations. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), macrophage CSF (M-CSF), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) increased significantly after the race, and urine IL-1beta, IL-6, G-CSF, M-CSF, and MCP-1 increased significantly. The plasma IL-6 responses correlated with the increases of band neutrophil count (r = 0.860, P < 0.01), suggesting IL-6-mediated bone marrow release of neutrophils. Furthermore, the increases in urine MPO concentration were correlated with increases in urine IL-6 (r = 0.868, P < 0.01) and G-CSF (r = 0.875, P < 0.01), suggesting that these cytokines promoted neutrophil activation. However, preincubation of neutrophils and monocytes with postexercise plasma could not cause priming responses, possibly because of the exercise-induced enhancement of plasma antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION Although many cytokines recruiting and priming neutrophils and monocytes were secreted and functional after exhaustive exercise, overwhelming antioxidant and antiinflammatory defenses were induced, preventing exercise-induced oxidative stress.
Analyse de l’ambiguïté des requêtes utilisateurs par catégorisation thématique

Dans cet article, nous cherchons à identifier la nature de l’ambiguïté des requêtes utilisateurs issues d’un moteur de recherche dédié à l’actualité, 2424actu.fr, en utilisant une tâche de catégorisation. Dans un premier temps, nous verrons les différentes formes de l’ambiguïté des requêtes déjà décrites dans les travaux de TAL. Nous confrontons la vision lexicographique de l’ambiguïté à celle décrite par les techniques de classification appliquées à la recherche d’information. Dans un deuxième temps, nous appliquons une méthode de catégorisation thématique afin d’explorer l’ambiguïté des requêtes, celle-ci nous permet de conduire une analyse sémantique de ces requêtes, en intégrant la dimension temporelle propre au contexte des news. Nous proposons une typologie des phénomènes d’ambiguïté basée sur notre analyse sémantique. Enfin, nous comparons l’exploration par catégorisation à une ressource comme Wikipédia, montrant concrètement les divergences des deux approches.
Michael Field’s "Long ago" (1889) as a paradigm of intertextual theory: from strangeness to metaxology

In this essay, I seek to tackle the question of how Katherine Bradley and Edith Cooper articulate their intimate dialogue with Sappho’s poetry in their first volume of poetry, Long Ago (1889), published under the pseudonym of Michael Field. My response to this question translates into a thoroughgoing reflection that interprets Long Ago as a dense and audacious text in which the very ontology of art is revised and recast into ambivalent and open relations. The primary conclusion I reach is that the volume constitutes a paradigm of intertextual theory in use that opens up complex, unstable and fertile encounters between the English self and the Greek other, the translatable and the sublime, the mimetic and the original, the empathetic and the distant, the reparative and the fragmentary, the anti-type and the type, or the immanent and the transtextual.
Three-phase optimal load flow model and algorithm for active distribution networks

Three-phase distribution network optimal load flow (T-OLF) cannot be exactly linearized to mixed integer second order cone programming(MI-SOCP) like single-phase branch flow based OLF. Hence, interior point based OLF (IP-OLF) and mixed integer nonlinear programming based OLF (MINLP-OLF) are both tried out to cope with T-OLF in this paper. For IP-OLF, a quadratic three-phase transformer model is proposed to guarantee IP-OLF applying constant Hessian matrix during iterative process. For MINLP-OLF, to gain better optimization results, a Mixed-Integer Quadratically-Constrained Quadratic Program model (MIQCQP) of T-OLF is formulated via binary scheme and big-M method. Numerical tests implemented on simple 4-bus system, IEEE 13-bus and IEEE 34-bus distribution test feeders verify the validity of proposed models and algorithms.
The Hephaestus Smart Wheelchair system

The Hephaestus Smart Wheelchair System is envisioned as a series of components that clinicians and wheelchair manufacturers will be able to attach to standard power wheelchairs to convert them into "smart wheelchairs. " A prototype of the system has been developed and mounted on an Everest and Jennings Lancer2000 wheelchair. The prototype bases its navigation assistance behavior on the behavior developed for the NavChair Assistive Wheelchair Navigation System, but the underlying hardware and software are being designed to facilitate commercialization. This paper describes our design goals for the Hephaestus system and discusses the current status of the system prototype as well as plans for future work.
Ofloxacin pharmacokinetics in saliva

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin using salivary drug concentration when administered alone or in combination with rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H) and pyrazinamide (Z) and also to assess the saliva to plasma concentration ratio. Material and Methods: Twelve healthy male volunteers were investigated on four different occasions with an interval of at least one week between occasions. They were administered ofloxacin, either alone or in combination with R, H and Z. A partially balanced incomplete block design was adopted and the subjects were randomly allocated to each group. Salivary and plasma concentrations of ofloxacin were measured at 1, 2, 3, 6 and 8 h after drug(s) administration using validated methods. Results: There were no significant differences between various pharmacokinetic parameters when ofloxacin was administered alone or in combination with R, H and Z. The mean saliva to plasma ratio of ofloxacin concentration was around 0.6. The bioavailability indices of ofloxacin in the saliva and plasma were similar in all the groups. Conclusion: Several pharmacokinetic parameters could be calculated using salivary concentrations of ofloxacin. The determination of ofloxacin levels in saliva may be useful in therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.
Mouse myocardial first‐pass perfusion MR imaging

A first‐pass myocardial perfusion sequence for mouse cardiac MRI is presented. A segmented ECG‐triggered acquisition combined with parallel imaging acceleration was used to capture the first pass of a Gd‐DTPA bolus through the mouse heart with a temporal resolution of 300–400 msec. The method was applied in healthy mice (N = 5) and in mice with permanent occlusion of the left coronary artery (N = 6). Baseline semiquantitative perfusion values of healthy myocardium showed excellent reproducibility. Infarct regions revealed a significant decrease in the semiquantitative myocardial perfusion values (0.05 ± 0.02) compared to remote myocardium (0.20 ± 0.04). Myocardial areas of decreased perfusion correlated well to infarct areas identified on the delayed‐enhancement scans. This protocol is a valuable addition to the mouse cardiac MRI toolbox for preclinical studies of ischemic heart disease. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Algebraic multilevel preconditioning in H(Ω, curl)

An algebraic multilevel iteration method for solving system of linear algebraic equations arising in HpΩ, curlq space is presented. The algorithm is developed for the discrete problem obtained by using the space of lowest order edge elements. The theoretical analysis of the method is based only on some algebraic sequences and generalized eigenvalues of local (element-wise) problems. Explicit recursion formulae are derived to compute the element matrices and the constant γ (which measures the quality of the space splitting) at any given level. It is proved that the proposed method is robust with respect to the problem parameters, and is of optimal order complexity. Supporting numerical results, including the case when the parameters have jumps, are also presented.
An Approach for Combining Semantic Information and Proximity Information for Text Summarization

This paper develops and evaluates an approach for combining semantic information with proximity information for text summarization. The approach is based on the proximity language model, which incorporates proximity information into the unigram language model. This paper novelly expands the proximity language model to also incorporate semantic information using latent semantic analysis (LSA). We argue that this approach achieves a good balance between syntactic and semantic information. We evaluate the approach using ROUGE scores on the Text Analysis Conference (TAC) 2009 Summarization task, and find that incorporating LSA into PLM gives improvements over the baseline models.
Two-unit cantilevered resin-bonded fixed partial dentures--a retrospective, preliminary clinical investigation.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical retention and abutment movement of 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (FPD) that were inserted at Prince Philip Dental Hospital in Hong Kong. MATERIALS AND METHODS Of 45 patients who were identified from a hospital computer search after receiving a 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded FPD, 31 were clinically examined (33 FPDs). For each patient the following data were recorded: gender, age, cementation date, endodontic treatment if performed, bone support, tooth mobility, and FPD tipping or drifting. Data about any debonds with subsequent treatment and patient satisfaction on a 10-point scale were also recorded. RESULTS The mean service life for the 33 prostheses was 30 +/- 18 months, with a range of 72 days to 67 months. One prosthesis debonded, resulting in a clinical retention rate of 97%. No rotation, drifting, or tipping was observed for any of the prostheses during the short period of this study. CONCLUSION Two-unit cantilevered resin-bonded FPDs are successful in the short term, but further research is required to determine if they offer a viable alternative to fixed-fixed resin-bonded FPD designs.