Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Speculators versus Hedgers: Evidence from Treasury Futures VAR Analysis of the Volume-Volatility Relations

This paper examines empirical relations of volume and volatility of Treasury futures contracts traded at the CBOT (now CME Group). It is roughly concluded that speculators destabilize the Treasury futures market, causing a more turbulent trading pattern; nonetheless, evidence suggests at best a weak relation between hedging activities and decreased price volatilities. This study applies the VAR technique to Treasury futures trading with an explicit focus on individual contracts. GARCH volatility specifications are tested and GARCH(1,1) is conveniently arrived at for future cross-market comparisons. A promise of differentiating an economic reasoning with GARCH volatility (versus historical and intra-day) is noted. Automated analytics in the same vein can be developed for trading or regulatory monitoring purposes.
[Establishment of A Myelodysplastic Syndrome Transformed to Leukemia Cell Line Stably Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein].

OBJECTIVE To establish a myelodysplastic syndrome transformed to leukemia cell line stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), and to evaluate its biological characteristics and applications. METHODS SKM-1 cells were transfected by lentiviral particles with vector of GFP. The GFP positive single cell clone was isolated by limiting dilution and continued being cultured. The cells were injected into mice subcutaneously and were screened in vivo. Then SKM-1/GFP cells were obtained after tumour plaque was separated and cultivated. The cell morphology was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The GFP expression was further detected by flow cytometry. The cell proliferation was analysed by CCK-8 assay. SKM-1/GFP cells were inoculated to subcutaneous tissue of the immunodeficiency mice. The growth and invasion of the tumour were observed after tumour formation. RESULTS No differences in cell morphology and growth characteristics were observed between SKM-1 cells and SKM-1/GFP cells. The rate of GFP expression was 100%. No differences in cell proliferation were observed between SKM-1 cells and SKM-1/GFP cells. The tumour mass was observed after 14 days of subcutaneous vaccination in NOD/SCID mice. Spontaneous fluorescence from plaque was observed by living fluorescence microscopy at 30th day after vaccination. Homogenous GFP positive cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy in the frozen section of tumour mass. The invasion of SKM-1/GFP cells was also detected in heart, liver, stomach and kidney of mice. CONCLUSION A myelody-splastic syndrome transformed to leukemia cell line stably expressing green fluorescent protein has been established successfully, which can track tumor cell sensitively and can be applied to the research of minimal residual leukemia. The establishment of SKM-1/GFP cells may serve as a powerful means for studing myelodysplastic syndrome transformation.
CONTINUITIES IN HUMAN RESOURCE PROCESSES IN INTERNATIONALIZATION AND DOMESTIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

Internationalization is often seen as posing distinctive human resource problems that are difficult to overcome. This paper takes an alternative approach by considering the processes by which firms, large and small, internationalize and the way they sustain overseas activity at different stages of their internationalization. It does so by reference to six challenges faced by firms in the course of internationalization. the result is to highlight continuities and regularities between international human resource management and the creation of an effective domestic organization, along with common underlying processes and skills centred on networking, teams and organizational learning. It is argued that this shifts attention from the specific tasks of the human resources function to more broadly defined human resource activities and processes which affect the growth of firms internationally. Secondly, it helps firms to think more positively about becoming international and to address relevant skills. Thirdly, it identifies appropriate activities, tasks and situations that business schools need to provide as part of an international management education. However, the paper also recognizes that internationalization involves specific differences between domestic and international business management. A number of these are rooted in country-specific institutional factors which human resource management, the function, has to address. While processes may be common, knowledge is context-bound.
On performance of a charging/rewarding scheme in mobile ad-hoc networks

In an ad-hoc network, some nodes relay more communications than others. Since relaying is resource consuming, unfairness in terms of the number of communications relayed by different nodes is not desirable. This paper discusses a simple charging/rewarding scheme as a method to reduce the unfairness in the network. We explain the reason why such a scheme works well in a mobile network but does not work well in a static network and discuss some methods to improve performance in the static network.
SmartImpute: Missing Data Analytics for Smart Spaces: Poster Abstract

One of the major concerns of sensor signal analytics is missing or incomplete samples. Data misses occur mainly because of delays or faults in data capturing infrastructure. We propose a novel mechanism for missing data imputation. The novelty of our mechanism arises from its exploitation of the semantics of different features of the sensor signal to estimate the missing samples. Our methods are based on statistical learning and analysis. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method using real data from smart-energy meters.
Automatic test data generation model by combining dataflow analysis with genetic algorithm

Dataflow techniques have been widely applied to test the object-oriented software, but the existing techniques mainly care how to arrange method sequence to test, not paying attention to how to generate test data automatically. Although the existing random test data generators can create test data automatically, yet information about the test requirement is not incorporated into the generation process, it may fail to find data to satisfy the requirements. This paper presents an automatic test data generation model that combine genetic algorithm (GA) with dataflow analysis. The model applies Control Flow Graph (CFG) which is partitioned into proper blocks to aid data flow analysis. Data Type Graph (DTG) presented in this paper facilitates the constructing of an object to realize automatic testing. Due to the search function of genetic algorithm, it improves the efficiency of test data generation. The experimental results prove our model to be more effective in test data generation and in coverage of dataflow than the random algorithm, showing the applicable significance of the model in software testing for both desktop and embedded systems.
Technologies in pediatric vascular access: have we improved success rate in peripheral vein cannulation?

Peripheral vein cannulation in children is possibly one of the most challenging routine care issues for healthcare providers. It is certainly one of the most terrifying experiences for nonanesthetized children who may endure multiple attempts. Therefore, first-attempt successful intravenous (IV) cannulation is crucial. In critically ill children, it may have an impact on timely intervention. It is generally difficult to predict the success of the first attempt, although it may be related to patient’s age and skill of the practitioner. Difficult IV access (DIVA) score has been validated for identification of children with difficult IV access. The DIVA score is based on four factors: age, history of prematurity, and if the vein is visible and/or palpable after application of the tourniquet. Patients in cardiac arrest or in hypovolemic or septic shock states may develop into DIVA patients and timely vascular access can be critical. According to the current resuscitation guidelines, intraosseus (IO) access is recommended if IV access cannot be established with in the first minute or in cases where veins are not visible. In children, the proximal tibia is recommended for the site of access. IO access has also been used successfully in the operating room when the IV access has failed. When establishing the IO access in neonates and infants, the relatively small size of the medullary diameter (8 mm) compared to the size of the IO needle must be kept in mind to avoid complications. Ellemunter reported remarkable safety and efficacy. They reported a case series of 30 successful IO access attempts during resuscitation of preterm and term infants, weighting between 670 and 3970 g. We believe complications were minimized, and perhaps avoided, by the regimented monitoring of the IO access site and the replacement of the IO cannula once resuscitation was achieved. New and old technologies have been evolving to make the peripheral IV cannulation more successful. Of these technologies, the near-infrared (NIR) and the ultrasound (US) are the most published (Table 1). Challenges and limitations of most studies related to IV cannulation include variation in type of healthcare providers and their years of practice or experience with the technology. Many studies include relatively small numbers of patients with or without a known difficult IV access history. The most common outcome measured is based on the success of the first IV cannulation attempt and/or frequency of attempts compared to non-assisted method; one adult study reported that success of ultrasound-guided peripheral IV led to reduction in central line placement. The ultrasound-guided firstattempt IV access success rate is commonly report between 53% and 80%. Triffterer et al. specifically studied ultrasound technique for the great saphenous vein and reported a remarkable
Strategies for Detecting Biological Molecules on Titan.

Saturn's moon Titan has all the ingredients needed to produce "life as we know it. " When exposed to liquid water, organic molecules analogous to those found on Titan produce a range of biomolecules such as amino acids. Titan thus provides a natural laboratory for studying the products of prebiotic chemistry. In this work, we examine the ideal locales to search for evidence of, or progression toward, life on Titan. We determine that the best sites to identify biological molecules are deposits of impact melt on the floors of large, fresh impact craters, specifically Sinlap, Selk, and Menrva craters. We find that it is not possible to identify biomolecules on Titan through remote sensing, but rather through in situ measurements capable of identifying a wide range of biological molecules. Given the nonuniformity of impact melt exposures on the floor of a weathered impact crater, the ideal lander would be capable of precision targeting. This would allow it to identify the locations of fresh impact melt deposits, and/or sites where the melt deposits have been exposed through erosion or mass wasting. Determining the extent of prebiotic chemistry within these melt deposits would help us to understand how life could originate on a world very different from Earth. Key Words: Titan-Prebiotic chemistry-Solar system exploration-Impact processes-Volcanism. Astrobiology 18, 571-585.
Fatal injection: a survey of modern code injection attack countermeasures

With a code injection attack (CIA) an attacker can introduce malicious code into a computer program or system that fails to properly encode data that comes from an untrusted source. A CIA can have different forms depending on the execution context of the application and the location of the programming flaw that leads to the attack. Currently, CIAs are considered one of the most damaging classes of application attacks since they can severely affect an organisation’s infrastructure and cause financial and reputational damage to it. In this paper we examine and categorize the countermeasures developed to detect the various attack forms. In particular, we identify two distinct categories. The first incorporates static program analysis tools used to eliminate flaws that can lead to such attacks during the development of the system. The second involves the use of dynamic detection safeguards that prevent code injection attacks while the system is in production mode. Our analysis is based on nonfunctional characteristics that are considered critical when creating security mechanisms. Such characteristics involve usability, overhead, implementation dependencies, false positives and false negatives. Our categorization and analysis can help both researchers and practitioners either to develop novel approaches, or use the appropriate mechanisms according to their needs.
Differentiating between First and Repeat Offenses

"I present a model where a regulator monitors compliance with a policy by a population of individuals, some of whom repeatedly prefer to violate the policy, while others only occasionally want to experiment. I show that the regulator can use sanctions, contingent on past violations of the policy, to differentiate between the agents and to improve welfare. Such punishment plans arise frequently in practice. As a result, a regulator prefers investing in enforcement rather than use maximal sanctions. "("JEL "K42, K14, L51) Copyright (c) 2008 Western Economic Association International.
Assessing changes towards lean production

Develops a model which operationalizes the different principles in lean production, with a focus on those that concern the work organization in the manufacturing part of a company. The model has been developed using available theory and has also been tried out in a clinical field study. The model has implications both for research and practice. For research, it can be used as a model for operationalizing lean production to be able to study change processes properly. In practice, the model can be used as a tool to assess the development taking place in an effort to become lean. Finally, it can be used as a checklist for what to aim at when trying to implement lean production. Lean should be seen as a direction, rather than as a state to be reached after a certain time and, therefore, the focus lies on the changes in the determinants, not on their actual values.
Tests of covered interest rate parity

ECEN’FLY there has been considerable interest in and investigations of whether the covered interest parity (CIP) holds. At the inicroeconomic level, CIP is important because is it a direct consequence of covered interest arbitrage. Its failure to hold would suggest 1) that markets are inefficient in the sense that traders do not take advantage of known profit opportunities, 2) that legal restrictions and regulations, such as capital controls, exist or 3) that costs have been unaccounted for, such as individual borrowing constraints or differences in political risks across countries. ’
A Stock‐Flow Model to Analyse and Forecast Labour Market Variables

: In confronting problems of employment and unemployment, students of the labour market, and economists in general have focused mainly on the determination of the level of such variables. Much less attention has been paid to such questions as: how many persons have entered the area of employment and the labour force in various time periods, and how many have exited; their sex and age distribution; and the determinants of the level and structure of flows amongst the various labour market conditions. Yet it appears superfluous to underscore the relevance of such questions. To illustrate, suffice it to recall that in Italy, the present level of employment is essentially the same today as it was in 1961‘; but this has not prevented whole generations of young people from 'stably’entering the employment area, albeit with varying degrees of difficulty in different periods. As for the numerous statistical surveys of labour market flows in a range of countries, and as for the works of job search theorists2, it should be observed that such surveys and analyses essentially concern conjunctural phenomena. Consequently, these authors have paid no attention to the distinction between short-run turnover and generational turnover, or to the extremely singular characteristics of the statistical data on flows. An attempt to construct labour market models that present an integrated version of the 'structural’aspects of the market in terms of stock and flows is therefore lacking. The present study sets forth various objectives and is divided into two parts. In the first, an analysis of several controversial terminological aspects of the concepts of stock and flow is presented, and an attempt is made to point out those theoretical structures which have been responsible for the long-prevailing neglect of the labour market flows, particularly long-run flows. Then the problem of defining the concepts of short-run and generational turnover will be confronted in light of an analysis of the statistical methods used in the surveys; finally, a methodology for measuring generational flows is proposed. In the second part of the paper a model based on generational flows, as previously defined, will be presented together with a computational procedure capable to produce long run estimates of alternative scenarios of labour demand and supply and of the structure of employment by sex and age. A brief summary of some of the empirical results obtained applying our model and forecasting procedure to the Italian labour market will also be discussed in the final part of the paper.
Should ASEAN-5 monetary policy-makers act pre-emptively against stock market bubbles?

Stock market rises and asset price inflation in ASEAN economies have raised the question of whether monetary authorities in these economies should act pre-emptively against these rising trends to prevent impending financial crises. Using structural vector error correction models (SVECMs) which incorporate mixed data characteristics, we examine the effects and interactions between monetary policy and stock market shocks for Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. The results suggest that monetary policy focused on the stock market detracts from price stability objectives, in particular because containing a stock market bubble may inadvertently depress output and inflation.
Sensor localization-based distributed target tracking filter in underwater sensor networks

This paper deals with the problem of localizing sensors based on time of arrival (ToA) method and tracking a target moving through the environment of underwater sensor networks (USNs). ToA method for localizing sensors is the most simple and intuitive algorithm applicable for USNs. In this paper, ToA-based sensor localization system in USNs is proposed, which consists of ToA-based distance estimation, position computation using trilateration, and localization algorithm using recursive position estimation (RPE). By using the localized underwater sensor information, distributed Kalman filter (DKF) can estimate the state of target on valid sensor platforms. Simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed distributed tracking filters.
Social Entrepreneur by Change: How environmentalists provide a favourable context for social entrepreneurial action

How, why, and under what conditions can social movements contribute to the development of social entrepreneurial process developed by embedded actors? Social entrepreneurship scholars are increasingly adopting social movement theories to explain how individual entrepreneurs develop their social ventures. Despite the synergies achieved when combining social movement with social entrepreneurship literature, social entrepreneurial outcomes are still mostly explained by the efforts of atomistic actors. In this paper we offer an embedded perspective on social entrepreneurship and social movement, which enables us to examine their complementary features in a sustainable development project in a Dutch region. While contentious activity did not produce the desired effect in our case, we found that the various stages of social entrepreneurship processes (opportunity identification, evaluation, formalization, and exploitation) through which embedded actors develop their ventures were especially enhanced by joint knowledge creation between movements and embedded actors, the construction of producer identities, and direct business support. This study contributes to the social movement literature by showing how movements can bring about change by providing embedded actors with producers’ identities and hands-on support. The literature on social entrepreneurship is also complemented, as we show how motives and behaviors to engage in social entrepreneurship are shaped by social movements, in combination with changes in the degree of embeddedness.
An Acoustic-based Tracking System for Monitoring Elderly People Living Alone

Japan is becoming a super-aged society and the population of elderly people is increasing, although the overall population in Japan is decreasing. In order to support a safe and secure autonomous life and to improve the quality of life for elderly people living alone, the development of monitoring and life-support systems is a pressing matter. In this paper, we propose a monitoring system that would enable relatives and other interested parties to easily monitor the daily life of elderly people from afar by using mobile devices. With such a monitoring system, it is very important to protect the privacy of the people being monitored. The proposed monitoring system seeks to approximately but recognizably reconstruct the status of elderly people's daily life by using computer graphics (CG) based on information obtained from various types of sensors, mainly consisting of acoustic sensors such as microphone arrays that are utilized to track the walking patterns of elderly people based solely on the sound of their footsteps.
Leren loont! : de overgang van school naar werk voor leerlingen van het VOCL '89

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Participation in Micro-Finance Programmes and Women’s Mental Health in South Asia: A Modified Systematic Review

Abstract Micro-finance provides financial services to poor women from developing countries where cultural and social constraints limit their opportunities for economic advancement. Using Forbes’s process of conducting systematic review, 12 quantitative studies from South Asia reporting on the impact of micro-finance on women’s mental health outcomes were analysed. Overall, studies revealed that the duration and depth of involvement in micro-finance activities would make a difference in women’s mental health and not just receiving loans; however, rigorous programme evaluation is needed. Collaborative actions by micro-finance and health care practitioners to recognise women’s mental health needs and to strengthen measures to optimise the beneficial effects of micro-finance must be considered.