Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structured-porous screen laminate surface enhancements for high heat flux boiling of water under subatmospheric pressure

This investigation assesses the utility of fine filament screen-laminate enhanced surfaces as high heat flux boiling surfaces and effective bubble nucleation sites. Experiments were conducted on vertically oriented, multi-layer laminates in distilled water at pressures of 0.2 atm – 1.0 atm. The first phase of this work focuses on saturated pool boiling, where the performance of twelve different copper-filament surfaces, having pore hydraulic diameters ranging from 14 to 172 microns, is documented. Experimental results show that boiling performance is a strong function of screen laminate geometry. Enhancement of up to 27 times that of an unenhanced surface was obtained, and dimensional analysis and multi-parameter regression are used to develop a heat transfer correlation that relates the boiling heat transfer coefficient to the lamination geometry and system pressure. The second phase of this work documents the performance of these structuredporous screen laminate enhancements within the subcooled, vertical, up-flow boiling environment. Experiments with distilled water at 0.2atm pressure assess the effect of: enhancement geometry, subcooling, and Reynolds number; and their relationship to each other. The subcooling ranges from 2K to 35K; and, channel Reynolds number is varied from 2,000 to 20,000. Boiling performance is documented for ten different surfaces having pore hydraulic diameters ranging from 39μm to 105μm, and surface area enhancement ratios ranging from 5 to 37. Heat flux of up to 453W/cm 2 is achieved at 35K sub-cooling at a Reynolds number of 6,000, which represents a 3.5-fold increase in Critical Heat Flux (CHF) over that of saturated pool boiling on the same surface. It is found that CHF enhancement due to sub-cooling and Reynolds number is intrinsically linked to the surface area enhancement ratio, which has an optimum that depends on the degree of subcooling. High speed video imagery (1200fps) and long range microscopy are used to document bubble dynamics. Boiling mechanisms inherent to sub-cooling, enhanced surface geometry, and CHF are discussed, and a mechanistic model for CHF is developed, which predicts CHF with a mean absolute error of 10.3%
Nociceptive Local Field Potentials Recorded from the Human Insula Are Not Specific for Nociception

The insula, particularly its posterior portion, is often regarded as a primary cortex for pain. However, this interpretation is largely based on reverse inference, and a specific involvement of the insula in pain has never been demonstrated. Taking advantage of the high spatiotemporal resolution of direct intracerebral recordings, we investigated whether the human insula exhibits local field potentials (LFPs) specific for pain. Forty-seven insular sites were investigated. Participants received brief stimuli belonging to four different modalities (nociceptive, vibrotactile, auditory, and visual). Both nociceptive stimuli and non-nociceptive vibrotactile, auditory, and visual stimuli elicited consistent LFPs in the posterior and anterior insula, with matching spatial distributions. Furthermore, a blind source separation procedure showed that nociceptive LFPs are largely explained by multimodal neural activity also contributing to non-nociceptive LFPs. By revealing that LFPs elicited by nociceptive stimuli reflect activity unrelated to nociception and pain, our results confute the widespread assumption that these brain responses are a signature for pain perception and its modulation.
Prática habitual de atividade física afeta o equilíbrio de idosas

INTRODUCAO: Os sistemas responsaveis pela manutencao do controle postural naturalmente entram em declinio com o avanco da idade, o que pode comprometer a capacidade de manter a postura nos limites de estabilidade, influenciando no equilibrio das estruturas corporais e, consequentemente, aumentando os riscos de quedas. OBJETIVO: Verificar o impacto da pratica habitual de atividade fisica sobre os parâmetros estabilograficos, equilibrio estatico e dinâmico de idosos fisicamente independentes. MATERIAIS E METODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo. A amostra foi composta de 77 mulheres com idade entre 60 a 75 anos estratificadas em cinco grupos de acordo com a pratica de atividade fisica classificada pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Foi utilizada a plataforma de forca para avaliacao estabilografica, Teste de Apoio Unipodal (TAU) - equilibrio estatico, e o Timed Up and Go (TUG) - equilibrio dinâmico. RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferencas estatisticamente significantes em todos os parâmetros estabilometricos analisados exceto na velocidade de oscilacao no eixo X. Por outro lado, os resultados referentes aos testes funcionais nao apresentaram diferencas significativas entre os grupos, entretanto, para o TUG verificou-se uma tendencia a boa mobilidade funcional com o aumento da pratica habitual de atividade fisica. CONCLUSAO: A pratica habitual de atividade fisica mais elevada representa melhora na estabilidade corporal quantificada pela estabilometria, fato este nao demonstrado nos testes neuromotores.
Practical Implementation of Compressive Sensing for High Resolution STEM

New generation scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEMs) allow for atomic resolution imaging and spectroscopy at low beam energy, in many cases below the threshold for primary knock-on damage. For many samples, however, including many biological specimens, lowering the acceleration voltage does not prevent damage as radiolysis is the dominant mechanism. Although a number of low-dose high resolution (HR) schemes have been explored with some level of success [1], the promise held by so-called compressive sensing (CS) approaches is yet to be fully exploited [2]. Typically, the Nyquist frequency determines the sampling rate required to resolve a specific feature in a dataset and as such provides a lower limit for the electron dose necessary to acquire the data experimentally. In practice this requires oversampling by twice the maximum relevant frequency. However, by applying the CS principles of sparsity and incoherence this limit can be overcome. CS theory then allows to recover the essential image information from randomly subsampled images. The theory of CS has been successfully applied in a number of areas, e.g. astronomy, MRI scanning and electron tomography [3]. As STEM, both imaging [4] and spectroscopy, is a controllable scanning probe technique it lends itself to the CS approach. Despite this huge potential,
Notice of RetractionA novel grid resource matching scheme

Improving the grid resource matching performance under large-scale users and computing resources environment is an important and challenging problem. Many existing grid resource matching and scheduling algorithms need search and compare every grid computing resource node without considering characteristics of grid resource and users' behavior. At the same time, with service oriented grid development, grid system should provide personalized service in scheduling process. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel grid resource matching algorithm based improved collaborative filtering algorithm that can give user recommendation resource set by computing the best approximate resource based on user's behavior.
Performance Optimization of the HPCG Benchmark on the Sunway TaihuLight Supercomputer

In this article, we present some key techniques for optimizing HPCG on Sunway TaihuLight and demonstrate how to achieve high performance in memory-bound applications by exploiting specific characteristics of the hardware architecture. In particular, we utilize a block multicoloring approach for parallelization and propose methods such as requirement-based data mapping and customized gather collective to enhance the effective memory bandwidth. Experiments indicate that the optimized HPCG code can sustain 77% of the theoretical memory bandwidth and scale to the full system of more than 10 million cores, with an aggregated performance of 480.8 Tflop/s and a weak scaling efficiency of 87.3%.
Effect of knee angle on neuromuscular assessment of plantar flexor muscles: A reliability study

Introduction This study aimed to determine the intra- and inter-session reliability of neuromuscular assessment of plantar flexor (PF) muscles at three knee angles. Methods Twelve young adults were tested for three knee angles (90°, 30° and 0°) and at three time points separated by 1 hour (intra-session) and 7 days (inter-session). Electrical (H reflex, M wave) and mechanical (evoked and maximal voluntary torque, activation level) parameters were measured on the PF muscles. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients of variation were calculated to determine intra- and inter-session reliability. Results The mechanical measurements presented excellent (ICC>0.75) intra- and inter-session reliabilities regardless of the knee angle considered. The reliability of electrical measurements was better for the 90° knee angle compared to the 0° and 30° angles. Conclusions Changes in the knee angle may influence the reliability of neuromuscular assessments, which indicates the importance of considering the knee angle to collect consistent outcomes on the PF muscles.
Anatomy of the Lymphatic System and the Lymphosome Concept with Reference to Lymphedema

Abstract Precise knowledge of the lymphatic system normal anatomy is essential for understanding what structural changes occur in patients with lymphedema. In this article, the authors first review previous anatomical studies and summarize the general anatomy of the lymphatic system and lymphatic pathways in the upper and lower extremities. Second, they introduce their new anatomical concept, the “lymphosome,” which describes how the lymphatic vessels in a particular region connect to the same subgroup of regional lymph nodes. In addition, they describe the anatomical relationship between the perforating lymphatic vessels and arteries. In the last section, they explain the anatomical changes in the lymphatics after lymph node dissection, with reference to secondary lymphedema.
The Role of Staging Laparoscopy in Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aim: The study aimed to determine the additional value of staging laparoscopy in patients with pancreatic cancer deemed potentially resectable based on computed tomography imaging. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (January 1995 to June 2017). Primary outcome measures were the overall yield and sensitivity to detect non-resectable disease. Quality of studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: From 156 records, 15 studies including 2,776 patients met the inclusion criteria. In 12 studies, reporting outcomes on 1,756 patients with resectable disease after standard imaging, 350 (20%, range 14–38%) cases of non-resectable cancer were detected with staging laparoscopy. In 3 studies on 242 patients with locally advanced disease after standard imaging, staging laparoscopy detected metastases in 86 patients (36%). The failure rate of staging laparoscopy to detect non-resectable disease was 5% (64 of 1,406). Conclusion: Staging laparoscopy reduces the non-therapeutic laparotomy rate, and in locally advanced or borderline resectable disease, staging laparoscopy could more accurately select patients for neoadjuvant protocols.
Role of Epicardial Fat in Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia requiring treatment, but despite major research efforts devoted to AF, its pathogenesis is multifactorial and not yet fully understood. Epicardial fat has been an area of growing interest in understanding the pathophysiology of AF and its role in outcomes of AF treatment, particularly catheter and surgical ablation. Epicardial fat has been demonstrated to be a source of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6. It also secretes adiponectin, which has anti-inflammatory effects. The balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects could be an important therapeutic target in AF. This review discusses the properties of epicardial fat, its role in pathogenesis of AF and outcomes of therapeutic modalities directed at epicardial fat.
Determination of Material Constants of Damage Evolution Equation for Fatigue Damage

Damage mechanics is a very active branch of solid mechanics during recent years.Damage coupled constitutive relations and equations of damage evolution are core portion of damage mechanics.Determining material constants in damage evolution equation is most fundamental and very important task in damage mechanics.By using closed-form solution about predicting crack initiation and life under tension-compression and bending in large range damage,the method of determining material constants α and m in damage evolution equation dDdN=α(Δe)m is given using least squared criterion.This method can work as a universal method to determine material constants in damage evolution equation like this type.
Exploiting a Natural Network Effect for Scalable, Fine-grained Clock Synchronization

Nanosecond-level clock synchronization can be an enabler of a new spectrum of timing- and delay-critical applications in data centers. However, the popular clock synchronization algorithm, NTP, can only achieve millisecond-level accuracy. Current solutions for achieving a synchronization accuracy of 10s-100s of nanoseconds require specially designed hardware throughout the network for combatting random network delays and component noise or to exploit clock synchronization inherent in Ethernet standards for the PHY. In this paper, we present HUYGENS, a software clock synchronization system that uses a synchronization network and leverages three key ideas. First, coded probes identify and reject impure probe data--data captured by probes which suffer queuing delays, random jitter, and NIC timestamp noise. Next, HUYGENS processes the purified data with Support Vector Machines, a widely-used and powerful classifier, to accurately estimate one-way propagation times and achieve clock synchronization to within 100 nanoseconds. Finally, HUYGENS exploits a natural network effect--the idea that a group of pairwise synchronized clocks must be transitively synchronized-- to detect and correct synchronization errors even further. Through evaluation of two hardware testbeds, we quantify the imprecision of existing clock synchronization across server-pairs, and the effect of temperature on clock speeds. We find the discrepancy between clock frequencies is typically 5-10ms/sec, but it can be as much as 30ms/sec. We show that HUYGENS achieves synchronization to within a few 10s of nanoseconds under varying loads, with a negligible overhead upon link bandwidth due to probes. Because HUYGENS is implemented in software running on standard hardware, it can be readily deployed in current data centers.
Siamese Cookie Embedding Networks for Cross-Device User Matching

Over the last decade, the number of devices per person has increased substantially. This poses a challenge for cookie-based personalization applications, such as online search and advertising, as it narrows the personalization signal to a single device environment. A key task is to find which cookies belong to the same person to recover a complete cross-device user journey. Recent work on the topic has shown the benefits of using unsupervised embeddings learned on user event sequences. In this paper, we extend this approach to a supervised setting and introduce the Siamese Cookie Embedding Network (SCEmNet), a siamese convolutional architecture that leverages the multi-modal aspect of sequences, and show significant improvement over the state-of-the-art.
Mechanism of inactivation of influenza viruses by immobilized hydrophobic polycations

N,N-Dodecyl,methyl-polyethylenimine coatings applied to solid surfaces have been shown by us to disinfect aqueous solutions of influenza viruses. Herein we elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon. Infectivity-, protein-, RNA-, and scanning electron microscopy-based experiments reveal that, upon contact with the hydrophobic polycationic coating, influenza viruses (including pathogenic human and avian, both wild-type and drug-resistant, strains) irreversibly adhere to it, followed by structural damage and inactivation; subsequently, viral RNA is released into solution, while proteins remain adsorbed.
Morphological Effect of the New Antifungal Agent ME1111 on Hyphal Growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Determined by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy

ABSTRACT The effects of ME1111, a novel antifungal agent, on the hyphal morphology and ultrastructure of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were investigated by using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Structural changes, such as pit formation and/or depression of the cell surface, and degeneration of intracellular organelles and plasmolysis were observed after treatment with ME1111. Our results suggest that the inhibition of energy production by ME1111 affects the integrity and function of cellular membranes, leading to fungal cell death.
Multi-objective dynamic virtual machine consolidation in the cloud using ant colony system

Abstract In this paper, we present a novel multi-objective ant colony system algorithm for virtual machine (VM) consolidation in cloud data centres. The proposed algorithm builds VM migration plans, which are then used to minimise over-provisioning of physical machines (PMs) by consolidating VMs on under-utilised PMs. It optimises two objectives that are ordered by their importance. The first and foremost objective in the proposed algorithm is to maximise the number of released PMs. Moreover, since VM migration is a resource-intensive operation, it also tries to minimise the number of VM migrations. The proposed algorithm is empirically evaluated in a series of experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm provides an efficient solution for VM consolidation in cloud data centres. Moreover, it outperforms two existing ant colony optimization-based VM consolidation algorithms in terms of number of released PMs and number of VM migrations. Graphical Abstract MOACS advances the state of the art on ACO-based VM consolidation by implementing a multi-objective, multi-colony ACS algorithm. It extends our previous single-objective, single-colony ACO algorithm for VM consolidation and similar works by other researchers that implement single-objective, single-colony ACO algorithms. The proposed multi-objective, multi-colony approach eliminates the need for an aggregate objective function (AOF) and allows to combine the optimisation objectives in an appropriate manner.
Chimeric Filoviruses for Identification and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies

ABSTRACT Recent experiments suggest that some glycoprotein (GP)-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) can protect experimental animals against the filovirus Ebola virus (EBOV). There is a need for isolation of MAbs capable of neutralizing multiple filoviruses. Antibody neutralization assays for filoviruses frequently use surrogate systems such as the rhabdovirus vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSV), lentiviruses or gammaretroviruses with their envelope proteins replaced with EBOV GP or pseudotyped with EBOV GP. It is optimal for both screening and in-depth characterization of newly identified neutralizing MAbs to generate recombinant filoviruses that express a reporter fluorescent protein in order to more easily monitor and quantify the infection. Our study showed that unlike neutralization-sensitive chimeric VSV, authentic filoviruses are highly resistant to neutralization by MAbs. We used reverse genetics techniques to replace EBOV GP with its counterpart from the heterologous filoviruses Bundibugyo virus (BDBV), Sudan virus, and even Marburg virus and Lloviu virus, which belong to the heterologous genera in the filovirus family. This work resulted in generation of multiple chimeric filoviruses, demonstrating the ability of filoviruses to tolerate swapping of the envelope protein. The sensitivity of chimeric filoviruses to neutralizing MAbs was similar to that of authentic biologically derived filoviruses with the same GP. Moreover, disabling the expression of the secreted GP (sGP) resulted in an increased susceptibility of an engineered virus to the BDBV52 MAb isolated from a BDBV survivor, suggesting a role for sGP in evasion of antibody neutralization in the context of a human filovirus infection. IMPORTANCE The study demonstrated that chimeric rhabdoviruses in which G protein is replaced with filovirus GP, widely used as surrogate targets for characterization of filovirus neutralizing antibodies, do not accurately predict the ability of antibodies to neutralize authentic filoviruses, which appeared to be resistant to neutralization. However, a recombinant EBOV expressing a fluorescent protein tolerated swapping of GP with counterparts from heterologous filoviruses, allowing high-throughput screening of B cell lines to isolate MAbs of any filovirus specificity. Human MAb BDBV52, which was isolated from a survivor of BDBV infection, was capable of partially neutralizing a chimeric EBOV carrying BDBV GP in which expression of sGP was disabled. In contrast, the parental virus expressing sGP was resistant to the MAb. Thus, the ability of filoviruses to tolerate swapping of GP can be used for identification of neutralizing MAbs specific to any filovirus and for the characterization of MAb specificity and mechanism of action.
Autologous Co-culture of Primary Human Alveolar Macrophages and Epithelial Cells for Investigating Aerosol Medicines. Part II: Evaluation of IL-10-loaded Microparticles for the Treatment of Lung Inflammation

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is linked to inflammatory processes in the human lung. The aim of this study was to mimic in vitro the treatment of lung inflammation by using a cell-based human autologous co-culture model. As a potential trial medication, we developed a pulmonary dry powder formulation loaded with interleukin-10 (IL-10), a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine. The inflammatory immune response was stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The co-culture was combined with the Pharmaceutical Aerosol Deposition Device on Cell Cultures (PADDOCC), to deposit the IL-10-loaded microparticles on the inflamed co-culture model at the air–liquid interface. This treatment significantly reduced the secretion of interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor, as compared to the deposition of placebo (unloaded) particles. Our results show that the alveolar co-culture model, in combination with a deposition device such as the PADDOCC, may serve as a powerful tool for testing the safety and efficacy of dry powder formulations for pulmonary drug delivery.