Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Relationship of Respiratory Exchange Ratio to Athletic Performance

Abstract Bellar, D and Judge, LW. Modeling and relationship of respiratory exchange ratio to athletic performance. J Strength Cond Res 26(9): 2484–2489, 2012—Previous research has related the results of tests of maximum aerobic capacity to performance for endurance athletes. These results are often only able to predict the running velocity of races such as the marathon. This investigation sought to determine the absolute V[Combining Dot Above]O2 at various respiratory exchange ratio (RER) values (0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 1.0, 1.05, and 1.10) by using a third-order polynomial regression to model the physiological responses for V[Combining Dot Above]O2 and RER obtained from an assessment of maximum aerobic capacity. The V[Combining Dot Above]O2 determined was subsequently correlated to race performance. The participants in the study were selected from a population of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 crosscountry runners (male n = 7, female n = 7, age 20.5 ± 0.9 years; height 170.3 ± 8.2 cm; weight 59.7 ± 8.7 kg; V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 57.0 ± 7.8 ml O2·kg−1·min−1). Third-order regression analysis resulted in strong curve fitting between the variables (r = 0.949 ± 0.03). Partial correlations (controlled for weight) were used to assess the relationship between oxygen consumption at the desired points of RER and race performance. The partial correlations revealed that the absolute oxygen consumptions at all RER points of interest were significantly correlated to race performance (r > 0.740, p < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the strength of the correlations for the points RER 0.95 (t = 2.68957, p = 0.01), 1.0 (t = 2.18516, p = 0.03), and 1.05 (t = 1.85668, p = 0.04) and the correlations found for RER 0.85. After converting the oxygen consumption at the RER points to estimated horizontal running speeds, only the estimate at RER 1.05 was not statistically different from the actual speed achieved in the culminating XC race. It can be suggested based upon these results that coaches of collegiate crosscountry runners who engage in metabolic testing of athletes examine the estimated running pace at RER 1.05 to gain an insight into a runner's potential.
Factors that shape alternative medicine: the role of the alternative medicine research community.

The documented prevalence of alternative medicine practices in the United States warrants a critical evaluation of this field. Although adequate scientific evaluation is needed, it is doubtful that such research will take place unless other factors are taken into account that remain overlooked. We have previously proposed a conceptual definition of alternative medicine practices and outlined those sociological, political, economic, and regulatory factors independent of the alternative healthcare community that could potentially hamper the optimal evaluation of alternative medicine. In the present article, we discuss other relevant issues to which the alternative healthcare community contributes. These factors originate both from within biomedicine (e.g., demands for specific scientific approaches, explanatory models) and within the alternative medicine community itself (e.g., the use of jargon, insularity, a profit-minded research agenda).
Modeling of time and document aging for request prediction—one step further

An important problem of prediction algorithms is the treatment of document aging and the change in user request behavior. This paper proposes a possibility to model time in a standard prediction scenario and analyses the results in a test environment. The knowledge of characteristics in the generated test sessions is also applied to real user logs to determine explicit values of implicit access log information. With this technique, client server communication on the Internet should be improved.
Backer Excretion of Urinary Enzymes after Extracorporeal ShockWave

lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in stage D prostatic carcinoma. Clin Chin Acta 1986;159:219-28. 6. Kuwana T, Sugita 0, Yakata M. Sugarchain analysis of alkaline phosphatase by lectun aflinity chromatography in serum from a patient with osteosarcoma [Letter]. Cliii Chem 1989;35:179. 7. Oesterling JE. Prostate specific antigen: a critical assessment of the most useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 1991;145:907-23. 8. Maury CPJ, Teppo AM. Circulating tumour necrosis factor-a (cachectin) in myocarclial infarction. J Intern Med 1989225: 333-6.
Monitoring Cerium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles through Drinking Water Treatments using Single Particle ICP-MS ICP-Mass Spectrometry

Although a variety of techniques are available to measure nanoparticles, single particle ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS) has become increasingly important due to its speed and ability to measure environmentally relevant low nanoparticle concentrations, surpassing the limitations of light-based technologies.6-7 Monitoring Cerium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles through Drinking Water Treatments using Single Particle ICP-MS ICP Mass Spectrometry A P P L I C A T I O N N O T E
Density-Functional-Theory Modeling of Cyclohexane Partial Oxidation in Millisecond Single-Gauze Reactors*

Cyclohexane oxidation over a Pt–10%Rh single-gauze catalyst can produce ~85% selectivity to oxygenates and olefins at 25% cyclohexane conversion and 100% oxygen conversion, with cyclohexene and 5-hexenal as the dominant products and cyclohexanone a minor product. Density Functional Theory using the B3LYP/631+G(d) method for geometry optimizations and thermodynamic analyses has been employed for the prediction of reaction enthalpies and rate-constant parameters for the partial oxidation of cyclohexane in single-gauze chemical reactors. The model examined includes 28 species and 44 irreversible (22 reversible) gas-phase reactions. The energetics of major gas-phase reaction channels are probed by locating stable reactants, products, and transition-state intermediates. Understanding the favored reaction pathways suggests ways to adjust reactor operation for desired product distributions. Detailed numerical simulations of the surface-assisted gas-phase process will allow the investigation of experiments which are costly or potentially dangerous to carry out.
Interpersonal Mechanisms in the Relationships between Dependency/Self-Criticism and Depressive Symptoms in Taiwanese Undergraduates: A Prospective Study

972 © 2012 Guilford Publications, Inc. This study was partly supported by the national Science Council in Taiwan (nSC 98-2410-H-030-015). We would also like to thank Dr. yihwei Li for comments and assistance on an earlier version of this manuscript. Address correspondence to Emily Tung-Hsueh Liu, Department of Clinical Psychology, no. 510, Chung Cheng Rd., Hsin Chuang, Taipei County, 24205, Taiwan; E-mail: emilythliu@gmail.com Interpersonal Mechanisms LIU ET AL.
A new auxiliary-vector algorithm with conjugate orthogonality for speech enhancement

In this paper, we propose a new auxiliary-vector (AV) algorithm using the conjugate orthogonality for speech enhancement. When only a limited data record is available, the AV algorithm is the state-of-the-art for obtaining the minimumvariance-distortionless (MVDR) filter. However, the current AV algorithms suffer from convergence problems when applied to the speech enhancement. Based on the conjugate GramSchmidt process, we develop new auxiliary vectors that are conjugate orthogonal and apply them to the AV algorithm. The proposed conjugate AV algorithm converges to the optimal MVDR solution within finite steps no greater than the filter dimension. Theoretical analysis establishes formal convergence of the proposed conjugate AV algorithm. Our experiments using the synthetic and real speech data show favorites of the new proposal over the state-of-the-art approaches. Index Terms: speech enhancement, microphone arrays, correlation, convergence, adaptive signal processing
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Positive Stringent Response of the Bacillus subtilis ilv-leu Operon, Involved in the Biosynthesis of Branched-Chain Amino Acids

ABSTRACT Branched-chain amino acids are the most abundant amino acids in proteins. The Bacillus subtilis ilv-leu operon is involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. This operon exhibits a RelA-dependent positive stringent response to amino acid starvation. We investigated this positive stringent response upon lysine starvation as well as decoyinine treatment. Deletion analysis involving various lacZ fusions revealed two molecular mechanisms underlying the positive stringent response of ilv-leu, i.e., CodY-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The former is most likely triggered by the decrease in the in vivo concentration of GTP upon lysine starvation, GTP being a corepressor of the CodY protein. So, the GTP decrease derepressed ilv-leu expression through detachment of the CodY protein from its cis elements upstream of the ilv-leu promoter. By means of base substitution and in vitro transcription analyses, the latter (CodY-independent) mechanism was found to comprise the modulation of the transcription initiation frequency, which likely depends on fluctuation of the in vivo RNA polymerase substrate concentrations after stringent treatment, and to involve at least the base species of adenine at the 5′ end of the ilv-leu transcript. As discussed, this mechanism is presumably distinct from that for B. subtilis rrn operons, which involves changes in the in vivo concentration of the initiating GTP.
In Search of the Elusive Nature of Clinical Psychoanalytic Theory

Two case vignettes illustrating different ways of listening to clinical material are presented. The author discusses some limitations of clinical psychoanalytic theory that stem from the fact that primary unconscious processes are, by their very nature, impossible to describe in a language regulated by secondary processes. Hegelian dialectics, first addressed in psychoanalysis by Lacan and later elaborated in the work of Green, as well as the use of paradox by Winnicott and the formalistic approaches of Matte Blanco and Bion, are briefly reviewed as alternative formulas. As psychoanalysts, we are condemned to live with doubt, and neither clinical theories nor metapsychology offer escape from this reality.
Gaussian Beams and Spatial Modulation in Nanopositioning

The kilogram is the last base unit of the systeme international d'unites (SI) that is still defined by an artifact. The watt-balance experiment is one of the promising methods that can produce a new definition of the kilogram based on fundamental constants. In this experiment, to compare an electromagnetic force and a gravitational force with a relative uncertainty of 10-9 by means of a beam balance, an absolute position sensor with nanometric resolution is needed. A novel method in position sensing based on the Gaussian beam propagation properties and their spatial modulation is presented. Two modulated and collimated Gaussian beams are focused into a slit. The slit is fixed to the object to be positioned. The resulting beams at the slit illuminate a photodetector whose signal is demodulated by a lock-in amplifier. The lock-in amplifier output signal is a function of the slit position with respect to the two modulated Gaussian beams. A resolution of 25 pm/(Hz)1/2 can be achieved. The long-term stability is 3.5 pm over 2 h and 20 min.
Rethinking Knowledge: A Bergsonian Critique of the Notion of Tacit Knowledge

The recent focus on the intangible resources of the organization in general, and specifically the notion of knowledge, has problematized the notion of organization. Rather than seeing organizations as systems that integrate the use of all kinds of physical, financial and human resources, the knowledge-based view (KBV) of the firm and knowledge management literature emphasize the organization as a site for the development, use of and dissemination of knowledge and other forms of intellectual resources and assets. KBV and knowledge management literature also address the notion of knowledge as such; is knowledge what can be represented by concepts, figures, and statistics, or are there qualities inherent in knowledge that cannot easily be described, disseminated, or procured? The notion of tacit knowledge has been used to denote all forms of knowledge that cannot be represented: knowledge that cannot be fully articulated, expressed in formulas or described in documents. This paper aims to provide a critique of the notion of tacit knowledge as it is used in KBV and knowledge management literature. It examines the notion of tacit knowledge through the philosophy of Henri Bergson and concludes that the notion of tacit knowledge is little more than an umbrella term for unrepresentable knowledge. Thus, the notion of tacit knowledge should be used with care rather than being a residual category of knowledge.
The MR tomograph as a sound generator: fMRI tool for the investigation of the auditory cortex

An automatic fMRl protocol for the investigation of the human auditory cortex has been developed. For the activation of the auditory system, the scanner noise itself is the source of sound. Rapid switching of 6, gradients allows the generation of tones of defined frequencies and amplitude on a conventional scanner without hardware change. No additional device for sound generation or sound delivety is needed. The proposed technique allows functional MRI of the auditory cortex in a clinical routine session.
PSO based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol using equal size clustering approaching Wireless Sensor Network

1 M.Tech Student 2 Assistant Professor 1,2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering 1,2 Shivalik Institute Of Engineering &Technology, Aliyaspur, Ambala Abstract— This research work examines the competing issues of energy consumption efficiency in wireless sensor networks. For this purpose, we considered a multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the selection of Cluster Head (CH) in such a way so that its energy is used uniformly with load balancing among clusters for delayed disintegration of network. LEACH algorithm based random clustering approach has been replaced by PSO clustering. The improved PSO protocol has been compared with random LEACH, Max Energy LEACH and k-means algorithm, and simple PSO which cluster only for space equi-distribution not for the load balancing among clusters. , Wireless sensor network (WSN) is simulated using a MATLAB programming and power consumption algorithms take into consideration all aspects of power consumption in the operation of the node. Simulating different algorithm schemes on the same network system, same initial power sources, and routing protocol, an increase of overall system lifetime is demonstrated. The performance of PSO cluster based routing protocol shows improvements in lifetime but Max Energy LEACH perform better in network disintegration criterion
Identification-while-scanning of MAF for narrowband radar via hierarchical basis pursuit

This paper proposes a novel identification-while-scanning (IWS) method for a multi-aircraft formation of narrowband radar. First, a multiple chirp signal model is established for MAF in a single scan, where different aircrafts can have different Doppler centers and Doppler rates. It is clear that the short dwell time in IWS may significantly limit the discrimination ability of different chirp components. Based on the sparsity of MAF in the Doppler parameter space, a novel hierarchical basis pursuit (HBP) method is proposed to obtain high sparse recovery performance as well as computational efficiency. It is shown that an MAF can be effectively identified via HBP by using only about one hundred microsecond echoes to meet the IWS applications. Finally, some numerical experiment results are provided based on simulated and real measured data to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Simple, zero-feedback, distributed beamforming with unsynchronized carriers

This work studies zero-feedback distributed beamforming; we are motivated by scenarios where the links between destination and all distributed transmitters are weak, so that no reliable communication in the form of pilot signals or feedback messages can be assumed. Furthermore, we make the problem even more challenging by assuming no specialized software/hardware for distributed carrier synchronization; we are motivated by ultra-low complexity transceivers. It is found that zero-feedback (i.e. blind), constructive, distributed signal alignment at the destination is possible; the proposed scheme exploits lack of carrier synchronization among M distributed transmitters and provides beamforming gains. Possible applications include reachback communication in low-cost sensor networks with simple (i.e. conventional, no carrier frequency/phase adjustment capability) radio transceivers.
MemPick: High-level data structure detection in C/C++ binaries

Many existing techniques for reversing data structures in C/C++ binaries are limited to low-level programming constructs, such as individual variables or structs. Unfortunately, without detailed information about a program's pointer structures, forensics and reverse engineering are exceedingly hard. To fill this gap, we propose MemPick, a tool that detects and classifies high-level data structures used in stripped binaries. By analyzing how links between memory objects evolve throughout the program execution, it distinguishes between many commonly used data structures, such as singly- or doubly-linked lists, many types of trees (e.g., AVL, red-black trees, B-trees), and graphs. We evaluate the technique on 10 real world applications and 16 popular libraries. The results show that MemPick can identify the data structures with high accuracy.
SAFECode: enforcing alias analysis for weakly typed languages

Static analysis of programs in weakly typed languages such as C and C++ is generally not sound because of possible memory errors due to dangling pointer references, uninitialized pointers, and array bounds overflow. We describe a compilation strategy for standard C programs that guarantees that aggressive interprocedural pointer analysis (or less precise ones), a call graph, and type information for a subset of memory, are never invalidated by any possible memory errors. We formalize our approach as a new type system with the necessary run-time checks in operational semantics and prove the correctness of our approach for a subset of C. Our semantics provide the foundation for other sophisticated static analyses to be applied to C programs with a guarantee of soundness. Our work builds on a previously published transformation called Automatic Pool Allocation to ensure that hard-to-detect memory errors (dangling pointer references and certain array bounds errors) cannot invalidate the call graph, points-to information or type information. The key insight behind our approach is that pool allocation can be used to create a run-time partitioning of memory that matches the compile-time memory partitioning in a points-to graph, and efficient checks can be used to isolate the run-time partitions. Furthermore, we show that the sound analysis information enables static checking techniques that eliminate many run-time checks. Our approach requires no source code changes, allows memory to be managedexplicitly, and does not use meta-data on pointers or individual tag bits for memory. Using several benchmark s and system codes, we show experimentally that the run-time overheads are low (less than 10% in nearly all cases and 30% in the worst case we have seen). We also show the effectiveness of static analyses in eliminating run-time checks.
Combining Probabilistic Population Codes

We study the problem of statistically correct inference in networks whose basic representations are population codes. Population codes are ubiquitous in the brain, and involve the simultaneous activity of many units coding for some low dimensional quantity. A classic example are place cells in the rat hippocampus: these fire when the animal is at a particular place in an environment, so the underlying quantity has two dimensions of spatial location. We show how to interpret the activity as encoding whole probability distributions over the underlying variable rather then just single values, and propose a method of inductively learning mappings between population codes that are computationally tractable and yet offer good approximations to statistically optimal inference. We simulate the method on some simple examples to prove its competence.
Microelectromechanical filters for signal processing

Microelectromechanical (MEM) filters based on coupled, lateral microresonators are demonstrated. This class of MEM systems has potential signal-processing applications for filters which require narrow bandwidth (high Q), good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and stable temperature and aging characteristics. Both series and parallel filters were fabricated and tested using an off-chip modulation technique. The frequency range of these filters is from approximately 5 kHz to on the order of 1 MHz, for polysilicon microstructures with suspension beams having a 2- mu m-square cross section. A series-coupled resonator pair, designed for operation at atmospheric pressure, has a measured center frequency of 18.7 kHz and a bandwidth of 1.2 kHz. <<ETX>>
Pitt–Hopkins syndrome in two patients and further definition of the phenotype

Pitt–Hopkins syndrome is a rare dysmorphic mental retardation syndrome marked by daytime spells of overbreathing interrupted by apnoea. The dysmorphism consists of a large beaked nose, cup-shaped ears with broad helices, a wide mouth, Cupid's bow upper lip, wide and shallow palate and broad or clubbed fingertips. The four patients described so far have been sporadic and represented both sexes. In addition, a pair of sibs with atypical features has been reported as possible Pitt–Hopkins syndrome cases. We describe two unrelated Pitt–Hopkins syndrome patients in order to further define the phenotype. In addition to severe developmental retardation, hypotonia, postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, abnormal breathing and characteristic dysmorphic features, both had epilepsy and intestinal problems with severe constipation in one and Hirschsprung disease in the other. Other abnormalities were hypopigmented skin macules in one and high-grade myopia in the other. Both had unusual frontal slow-and-sharp-wave discharges on electroencephalography. Magnetic resonance imaging in both showed a similar hypoplastic corpus callosum with missing rostrum and posterior part of the splenium and bulbous caudate nuclei bulging towards the frontal horns. Chromosomal analysis and subtelomere fluorescence in-situ hybridization studies were normal. No mutations were found in the MECP2 or ZFHX1B genes. Extensive metabolic and mitochondrial screens were normal. The electroencephalography and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings appear to be further diagnostic signs in Pitt–Hopkins syndrome, which is also one of the syndromes associated with Hirschsprung disease.