Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FitBeat: A Lightweight System for Accurate Heart Rate Measurement during Exercise

Tracking heart rate for fitness using wrist-type wearables is challenging, because of the significant noise caused by intensive wrist movements. In this paper, we present FitBeat - a lightweight system that enables accurate heart rate tracking on wrist-type wearables during intensive exercises. Unlike existing approaches that rely on computation- intensive signal processing, FitBeat integrates and augments standard filter and spectral analysis tool, which achieves comparable accuracy while significantly reducing computational overhead. FitBeat integrates contact sensing, motion sensing and simple spectral analysis algorithms to suppress various error sources. We implement FitBeat on a COTS smartwatch, and evaluate the performance of FitBeat for typical workouts of different intensities, including walking, running and riding. Experimental results involving 10 subjects show that the average error of FitBeat is around 4 beats per minute, which improves heart rate accuracy of the default heart rate tracker of Moto 360 by 10x.
Magnetic Fields in Cluster Cores: Faraday Rotation in A400 and A2634

We present Faraday rotation data for radio sources in the centers of the Abell clusters A400 and A2634. These clusters contain large (≳100 kpc), tailed radio sources, each attached to the central cD galaxy. These clusters do not have strong cooling cores. Our data extend previous work on rotation measure in cluster centers to larger scales and noncooling clusters. The rotation measure, and thus the magnetic field, is ordered on scales ~10-20 kpc in both clusters. The geometry of the rotation measure appears to be determined by the distribution of the X-ray-emitting gas, rather than by the radio tails themselves. We combine our data with previously published X-ray and radio data in order to analyze the magnetic fields in all 12 clusters whose central radio sources have been imaged in rotation measure. We find that the fields are dynamically significant in most clusters. We argue that the Faraday data measure fields in the intracluster medium, rather than in a skin of the radio source. Finally, we consider the nature and maintenance of the magnetic fields in these clusters and conclude that either the cluster-wide field exists at similar levels or a weaker cluster-wide field is amplified by effects in the core.
Improved Safety for Molecular Diagnosis of Classical Rabies Viruses by Use of a TaqMan Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR “Double Check” Strategy

ABSTRACT To improve the diagnosis of classical rabies virus with molecular methods, a validated, ready-to-use, real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay was developed. In a first step, primers and 6-carboxyfluorescien-labeled TaqMan probes specific for rabies virus were selected from the consensus sequence of the nucleoprotein gene of 203 different rabies virus sequences derived from GenBank. The selected primer-probe combination was highly specific and sensitive. During validation using a sample set of rabies virus strains from the virus archives of the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI; Germany), the Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA; United Kingdom), and the DTU National Veterinary Institute (Lindholm, Denmark), covering the global diversity of rabies virus lineages, it was shown that both the newly developed assay and a previously described one had some detection failures. This was overcome by a combined assay that detected all samples as positive. In addition, the introduction of labeled positive controls (LPC) increased the diagnostic safety of the single as well as the combined assay. Based on the newly developed, alternative assay for the detection of rabies virus and the application of LPCs, an improved diagnostic sensitivity and reliability can be ascertained for postmortem and intra vitam real-time RT-PCR analyses in rabies reference laboratories.
Techniques for a priori decision threshold estimation in speaker verification

A key problem for field applications in speaker verification is the issue of a priori threshold setting. In the context of the CAVE project several methods for estimating speakerindependent and speaker-dependent decision thresholds were compared. Relevant parameters are estimated from development data only, i.e. without resorting to additional client data. The various approaches were tested on the Dutch SESP database.
Notice of RetractionMaximum Generialized Fisher Criterion

In this brief, a Maximum Generalized Fisher Criterion (MGFM) based on manifold learning is presented. The proposed algorithm integrates both class information and the manifold information with the aim at finding an optimal subspace to maximize a Fisher form, which can characterize the intra-class compactness of the neighboring points with identical class and the inter-class separability of the other points. The proposed algorithm is verified by experimental results on some benchmark data and shows that the proposed algorithm is effective and feasible.
Development of a Next-generation Spray and Atomization Model Using an Eulerian-Lagrangian Methodology

A next-generation spray and atomization model for high-pressure diesel sprays has been developed and implemented into an engine computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code (KIVA-3V), together with a nozzle flow cavitation model and an evaporation model for the Eulerian liquid phase. In contrast to the widely used Lagrangian atomization models that are based on liquid jet instability analyses, such as Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) and Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability analyses, the new model is based on the assumption that high-pressure spray atomization under modern diesel engine conditions can be described by considering the turbulent mixing of a liquid jet with ambient gases. In the present study, several previously proposed techniques are used to correct for vortex stretching and compressibility effects in high-speed free jets. To describe the dispersion of the liquid phase into a gaseous medium, two transport equations based on the turbulent mixing assumption are solved for the liquid mass fraction and the liquid surface density (liquid surface area per unit volume). At an appropriate time, a switch from the Eulerian approach to the Lagrangian approach is made in order to benefit from the advantages of the traditional Lagrangian droplet treatment beyond the dense spray region near the nozzle. As in the existing ELSA (Eulerian-Lagrangian Spray and Atomization) model, the drop size, drop number and drop distributions are determined using the local liquid mass fraction and local liquid surface density. As an integral part of this study, a three-dimensional homogeneous equilibrium model (HEM) was developed to simulate the cavitating flow within diesel injector nozzle passages. The effects of nozzle passage geometry and injection conditions on the development of cavitation zones and the nozzle discharge coefficient were investigated. Vaporization in the Eulerian liquid phase is also accounted for with an equilibrium evaporation model, which was also developed and implemented in this study. Finally, the integrated spray and atomization models have been used to predict diesel spray development and atomization under various operating conditions, and the numerical results compare well with experimental data obtained from X-ray and other measurements. Corresponding author
Association between Markers of Inflammation, Fibrosis and Hypervolemia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Background/Aim: Volume expansion in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. The link between inflammation and hypervolemia has not been extensively studied. The aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between hypervolemia and markers of inflammation in PD patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 22 prevalent PD patients, volume was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum and peritoneal effluent interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peritoneal transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were measured. A fast peritoneal equilibration test determined peritoneal transport status. Results: Bioimpedance-derived measures of hypervolemia correlated with peritoneal effluent IL-6 and TGF-β1. Peritoneal IL-6 was also associated with high peritoneal transport status. Conclusions: Markers of inflammation and fibrosis (peritoneal IL-6 and TGF-β1) are associated with markers of hypervolemia.
Spectroscopy of Deep Traps in Cu2S-CdS Junction Structures

Cu2S-CdS junctions of the polycrystalline material layers have been examined by combining the capacitance deep level transient spectroscopy technique together with white LED light additional illumination (C-DLTS-WL) and the photo-ionization spectroscopy (PIS) implemented by the photocurrent probing. Three types of junction structures, separated by using the barrier capacitance characteristics of the junctions and correlated with XRD distinguished precipitates of the polycrystalline layers, exhibit different deep trap spectra within CdS substrates.
Analysis of Bandwidth–Unit-Vector-Distortion Tradeoff in PLL During Abnormal Grid Conditions

Phase-locked loops (PLLs) are necessary in applications which require grid synchronization. Presence of unbalance or harmonics in the grid voltage creates errors in the estimated frequency and angle of a PLL. The error in estimated angle has the effect of distorting the unit vectors generated by the PLL. In this paper, analytical expressions are derived which determine the error in the phase angle estimated by a PLL when there is unbalance and harmonics in the grid voltage. By using the derived expressions, the total harmonic distortion (THD) and the fundamental phase error of the unit vectors can be determined for a given PLL topology and a given level of unbalance and distortion in the grid voltage. The accuracy of the results obtained from the analytical expressions is validated with the simulation and experimental results for synchronous reference frame PLL (SRF-PLL). Based on these expressions, a new tuning method for the SRF-PLL is proposed which quantifies the tradeoff between the unit vector THD and the bandwidth of the SRF-PLL. Using this method, the exact value of the bandwidth of the SRF-PLL can be obtained for a given worst case grid voltage unbalance and distortion to have an acceptable level of unit vector THD. The tuning method for SRF-PLL is also validated experimentally.
A Quantitative Assessment of 3D Facial Key Point Localization Fitting 2D Shape Models to Curvature Information

This work addresses the localization of 11 prominent facial landmarks in 3D by fitting state of the art shape models to 2D data. Quantitative results are provided for 34 scan sat high resolution (texture maps of 10 M-pixels) in terms of accuracy (with respect to manual measurements) and precision(repeatability on different images from the same individual). We obtain an average accuracy of approximately 3 mm, and median repeatability of inter-landmark distances typically below2 mm, which are values comparable to current algorithms on automatic localization of facial landmarks. We also show that, in our experiments, the replacement of texture information by curvature features produced little change in performance, which is an important finding as it suggests the applicability of the method to any type of 3D data.
An Improved Password Based EAP Method for WiMAX with Formal Verification

IEEE 802.16e supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) for authentication, but do not specify the EAP method required for authentication. EAP-SPEKE and EAP-SRP are the strongest password based EAP methods. This paper examines these EAP methods and proposes an efficient password based authentication protocol for WiMAX. Proposed protocol is an improvement of EAP-SPEKE protocol and supports mutual authentication and key derivation. Protocol is verified using Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) which is a push button tool for the automated validation of security protocol and result shows that it does not have any security flaws. Proposed protocol uses only three message exchange for authentication and key derivation. Therefore, the number of exchanged message decreases by one and two compared with the EAP-SRP and EAP-SPEKE respectively. General Terms Security, Verification
Preparation SiC Ceramic Composite Filtration Membrane Materials by Dry Pressing and Synchronous Sintering Method

Silicon carbide ceramic composite filter membrane materials were prepared by dry pressure molding and synchronous sintering process at sintering temperature of 1300oC for 3h. and research the influence of on the molding pressure structure of SiC filtration membrane,effect of particle size on porosity, average pore size and filter pressure drop of filtration membrane, SEM was performed to examine the morphology, The porosity ,average pore size and filter pressure drop of filtration membrane were tested by Archimedes method ,bubble point method and filter pressure drop instrument. It is demonstrated that while the molding pressure (F) varied from 1MPa to 10MPa, the filter membrane material achieved preferable morphology and best performance when F equals to 5MPa. Under this modeling pressure, while silicon carbide particle size increased from 1 to 23μm, the pore ratio decreased from 48.0% to 36.2% and the average pore size increased from 0. 35μm to 9. 4μm, while the air gas velocity changed from 0 to 0.112m/s, the filter pressure drop increased, when the velocity is stable, the filter pressure drop reduced as the silicon carbide particle size.
Shared autonomy in a robot hand teleoperation system

This paper considers adding autonomy to robot hands used in teleoperation systems. Currently, the finger positions of robot hands in teleoperation systems are controlled via a robot master using a Dataglove or exoskeleton. There are several difficulties with this approach: accurate calibration is hard to achieve; robot hands have different capabilities from human hands; and complex force reflection is difficult. In this paper we propose a model of hand teleoperation in which the input device commands the motions of a grasped object rather than the joint displacements of the fingers. To achieve this goal, the hand requires greater autonomy and the capability to perform high-level functions with minimal external input. Therefore, a set of general, primitive manipulation functions that can be performed automatically is defined. These elementary functions control simple rotations and translations of the grasped objects. They are incorporated into a teleoperation system by using a simple input device as a control signal. Preliminary implementations with a Utah/MIT are discussed. <<ETX>>
Effects of Situational Factors on Metaphor Detection in an Online Discussion Forum

Accurate metaphor detection remains an open challenge. In this paper, we explore a new type of clue for disambiguating terms that may be used metaphorically or literally in an online medical support community. In particular, we investigate the influence of situational factors on propensity to employ the metaphorical sense of words when they can be used to illustrate the emotion behind the experience of the event. Specifically we consider the experience of stressful illness-related events in a poster’s recent history as situational factors. We evaluate the positive impact of automatically extracted cancer events on a metaphor detection task using data from an online cancer forum. We also provide a discussion of specific associations between events and metaphors, such asjourney with diagnosis orwarrior with chemotherapy.
Towards Analyzing Crossover Operators in Evolutionary Search via General Markov Chain Switching Theorem

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), simulating the evolutionprocess of natural species, are used to solve optimizationproblems. Crossover(also calledrecombination), originatedfromsimulating thechromosomeexchange phenomenainzoogamyreproduction, is widelyemployedinEAstogenerateoffspring solutions, of which the effectiveness has been examined empirically in applications. However, due to the irregularity of crossover operators and the complicated interactions to mutation, crossover operators are hard to analyze and thus have few theoretical results. Therefore, analyzing crossover not only helps in understanding EAs, but also helps in developing novel techniques for analyzing sophisticated metaheuristic algorithms. In this paper, we derive the General Markov Chain Switching Theorem (GMCST) to facilitate theoretical studies of crossover-enabled EAs. The theorem allows us to analyze the running time of a sophisticated EA from an easy-to-analyze EA. Using this tool, we analyze EAs with several crossover operators on the LeadingOnes and OneMax problems, which are noticeably two well studied problems for mutation-only EAs but with few results for crossover-enabled EAs. We first derive the bounds of running time of the (2+2)-EA with crossover operators; then we study the running time gap between the mutation-only (2:2)-EA and the (2:2)-EA with crossover operators; finally, we developstrategiesthatapply crossoveroperatorsonlywhennecessary, whichimprovefromthemutationonly as well as the crossover-all-the-time (2:2)-EA. The theoretical results are verified by experiments.
Dialogue Act Modeling in a Complex Task-Oriented Domain

Classifying the dialogue act of a user utterance is a key functionality of a dialogue management system. This paper presents a data-driven dialogue act classifier that is learned from a corpus of human textual dialogue. The task-oriented domain involves tutoring in computer programming exercises. While engaging in the task, students generate a task event stream that is separate from and in parallel with the dialogue. To deal with this complex task-oriented dialogue, we propose a vector-based representation that encodes features from both the dialogue and the hierarchically structured task for training a maximum likelihood classifier. This classifier also leverages knowledge of the hidden dialogue state as learned separately by an HMM, which in previous work has increased the accuracy of models for predicting tutorial moves and is hypothesized to improve the accuracy for classifying student utterances. This work constitutes a step toward learning a fully data-driven dialogue management model that leverages knowledge of the user-generated task event stream.
Role of Receptor Protein and Membrane Lipids in Xanomeline Wash-Resistant Binding to Muscarinic M1 Receptors

Xanomeline is a novel agonist functionally selective for muscarinic receptors of the M1 subtype. It binds to this receptor in two modes, reversible and quasi-irreversible (wash-resistant). We investigated the unknown mechanism of the wash-resistant binding in experiments with muscarinic M1 receptors expressed in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells. Xanomeline's structure consists of two heterocycles and O-hexyl side chain. We compared the wash-resistant binding of xanomeline and its analogs with shorter O-alkyl side chains. For the wash-resistant binding to occur, the O-alkyl chain had to be at least O-butyl or longer. Accumulation of inositol phosphates was enhanced in washed cells that had been preexposed to xanomeline or its pentyl analog, whereas the agonistic effects of the methyl, propyl, and butyl analogs were abolished by ing. Only the reversible binding of xanomeline was detected purified soluble receptors, but both binding modes occurred purified receptors reconstituted into liposomes and exposed xanomeline only after reconstitution. The wash-resistant ing did not occur if the exposure of purified receptors or somes alone to xanomeline, followed by washing, reconstitution. Simultaneous presence of receptors and lipid environment is therefore essential for the binding to take place. We suggest that the binding of xanomeline involves interhelical penetration of M1 muscarinic receptor by xanomeline's O-alkyl chain and interaction with membrane lipids surrounding the receptor.
Extracting structural information from bug reports

In software engineering experiments, the description of bug reports is typically treated as natural language text, although it often contains stack traces, source code, and patches. Neglecting such structural elements is a loss of valuable information; structure usually leads to a better performance of machine learning approaches. In this paper, we present a tool called infoZilla that detects structural elements from bug reports with near perfect accuracy and allows us to extract them. We anticipate that infoZilla can be used to leverage data from bug reports at a different granularity level that can facilitate interesting research in the future.
Design and Evaluation of Bilayer Matrix Tablet of Metoprolol Tartrate and Lisinopril Maleate

The objective of study was to design bilayer matrix tablet of metoprolol tartrate and lisinopril maleate. The direct compression method was used for preparation of both layers. Precompression and postcompression parameters were evaluated. USP Type II dissolution apparatus was used for the in vitro drug release study using 0.1 N HCl for immediate release of lisinopril maleate layer for 2 h and phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 for 10 h for metoprolol tartrate sustained layer. In vitro data were fitted into various kinetic models. Precompression parameters showed good flow properties of powder blend. Postcompression parameters were within compendia range. L7 (2% SSG and 3% CC-Na) was selected for formulation of immediate release layer that showed 91.6% drug release after 10 min, and for sustained release formulation, M4 (9% pectin, 9% acacia, and 20% Eudragit L100) showed 92.5% drug release for 10 h. Most formulations of sustained layer followed Higuchi drug release kinetics. Bilayer matrix tablet of metoprolol tartrate and lisinopril maleate can be formulated for the treatment of postmyocardial infarction.
Improving the Diffusion power of AES Rijndael with key multiplication

Block ciphers are very important in communication systems as they provide confidentiality through encryption. The popular block cipher is an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Each cipher uses several rounds of fixed operations to achieve desired security level. The number of rounds in a block cipher is decided based upon the resistivity levels against the known attacks. The very first level of attack on an encryption algorithm is to search for repetitive cipher values and relate them to plaintext. The diffusion enables to spread out the repetitive plain text patterns in the cipher values. The diffusion is achieved using linear operations such as key addition, rotate byte, MDS matrix multiplication, etc. In this paper we propose a method of enhancing the diffusion power by key multiplication rather than conventional key addition used in the Advanced encryption standard algorithm. The paper discusses the problems associated with the key multiplication and provides the possible solutions. The measured results indicate more diffusion when compared with the existing method. Key multiplication, as a diffusion element, is a better solution in the design of encryption algorithms.
A Study on Microstructure and Fabrication of Porous Mg-10Al Alloy

In this study, porous Mg-10Al alloy specimens were fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy sintering method for use as hydrogen storage fuel cells. The porosity, pore morphologies, phases in microstructure, and hardness of specimens, which were previously pressed at different cold compaction pressures and then sintered at 465°C, were investigated. The Mg phase desired for hydrogen storage was the predominant phase for all of the specimens. In addition, several second phases, such as the Mg3.1Al0. 9 and the Mg17Al12 phases, formed in the microstructures. As a result of increasing cold compaction pressure, the porosity and Mg phase decreased, while the hardness and Mg17Al12 phase increased.