Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environmental Hypothermia in Porcine Polytrauma and Hemorrhagic Shock is Safe

ABSTRACT We have previously demonstrated survival benefit to induced hypothermia in a porcine model of controlled hemorrhagic shock simulating an associated delay to definitive care. In the current study, we wished to evaluate the effects of environmental hypothermia in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock with the addition of polytrauma. Sixteen pigs were randomized to normothermic (39°C, n = 7) or hypothermic (34°C, n = 9) groups. The model included instrumentation, chest injury (captive bolt device), hemorrhage to systolic blood pressure (SBP) of ∼50 mmHg, and crush liver injury. Animals received limited fluid resuscitation for a 1-h period with goal SBP of greater than 80 mmHg and ice packs or warming blankets to achieve goal temperatures, followed by full resuscitation with goal SBP of greater than 90 mmHg, adequate urine output, and hemoglobin by protocol for 20 h. Survivors were observed for an additional 24 h with end points including mortality, markers of organ injury, and neurologic function. There were no differences in survival between the groups (mortality = 1/9, hypothermia group vs. 2/7, normothermia group, P = 0.39). Markers of organ injury were elevated in the hypothermia group at 24 h after injury but were identical between groups at the end of the experimental protocol (48 h after injury). There were no noted differences in neurologic function between the two groups. Environmental hypothermia in a model of polytrauma and hemorrhagic shock was not associated with worse outcomes.
Absence of Wallerian Degeneration does not Hinder Regeneration in Peripheral Nerve

Wallerian degeneration of the distal stump of a severed peripheral nerve involves invasion by myelomonocytic cells, whose presence is necessary for destruction of myelin and for initiating mitosis in Schwann cells (Beuche and Friede, 1984). Degeneration of the distal ends of the axons themselves is assumed to occur by autolytic mechanisms. We describe a strain of mice (C57BL/6/Ola) in which leucocyte invasion is slow and sparse. In these mice, confirming Beuche and Friede, myelin removal is extremely slow. A new finding is that axon degeneration is also very slow. This is a consequence of lack of recruitment of myelomonocytic cells for if such recruitment is prevented in other mouse strains by a monoclonal antibody against the complement type 3 receptor (Rosen and Gordon, 1987) axon degeneration is again slowed. We have also, surprisingly, found that nerve regeneration in the C57BL/6/Ola mice is not impeded by the presence of largely intact axons in the distal stump and absence of recruited cells, myelin debris and the absence of Schwann cell mitosis.
Impaired Glucose Tolerance and its Relationship to ECG-Indicated Coronary Heart Disease and Risk Factors Among Chinese: Da Qing IGT and diabetes study

Objective— To determine the prevalence of IGT and diabetes and identify the occurrence of CVD and its risk factors. Research Design and Methods— This study was a population-based, cross-sectional study of 110,660 residents, 25–74 yr of age of DaQing, Hei Long Jiang Province, China. Results— Using 1985 WHO criteria, 577 (5.5/1000) subjects with IGT and 630 (6.0/1000) with newly diagnosed diabetes were identified. In addition, 190 (1.7/1000) with previously known diabetes were identified. Hypertension, obesity, and abnormal albumin excretion were twice as frequent in those with IGT as in 279 men and 240 women of similar age and sex distribution who had normal OGTTs. Plasma cholesterol and TGs were higher, and HDL cholesterol was lower in subjects with IGT than in nondiabetic subjects. Those with IGT had a prevalence of electrocardiographically recognized CHD 9.5-fold greater than the normoglycemic subjects. Subjects with IGT had higher plasma insulin concentrations, but the 1-h insulin-glucose ratio after the 75-g glucose load was lower. In a forward stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, IGT itself remained an independent factor associated with CHD after adjustment for age, sex, cigarette smoking, plasma cholesterol, BP, and obesity. Conclusions— Therefore, in China, IGT may occur with almost as high a frequency as diabetes and is accompanied by an increased frequency of CVD and its risk factors. Estimates from this study indicate that >12.0% of all ECG-indicated CHD in the Da Qing population occurs in individuals with IGT and NIDDM. The IGT subjects identified in this survey form the cohort for a long-term follow-up and intervention study.
Voice Recognition using Dynamic Time Warping and Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients Algorithms

Voice recognition is an important and active research area of the recent years. This research aims to build a system for voice recognition using dynamic time wrapping algorithm, by comparing the voice signal of the speaker with pre-stored voice signals in the database, and extracting the main features of the speaker voice signal using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, which is one of the most important factors in achieving high recognition accuracy. General Terms Dynamic time wrapping “DTW” algorithm, Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficients “MFCC” algorithm, vocal signal.
Maximum Correntropy Criterion Kalman Filter for α-Jerk Tracking Model with Non-Gaussian Noise

As one of the most critical issues for target track, α -jerk model is an effective maneuver target track model. Non-Gaussian noises always exist in the track process, which usually lead to inconsistency and divergence of the track filter. A novel Kalman filter is derived and applied on α -jerk tracking model to handle non-Gaussian noise. The weighted least square solution is presented and the standard Kalman filter is deduced firstly. A novel Kalman filter with the weighted least square based on the maximum correntropy criterion is deduced. The robustness of the maximum correntropy criterion is also analyzed with the influence function and compared with the Huber-based filter, and, moreover, the kernel size of Gaussian kernel plays an important role in the filter algorithm. A new adaptive kernel method is proposed in this paper to adjust the parameter in real time. Finally, simulation results indicate the validity and the efficiency of the proposed filter. The comparison study shows that the proposed filter can significantly reduce the noise influence for α -jerk model.
Spatial co-evolution in Age Layered Planes (SCALP)

This paper introduces a method of combining Greg Hornby's Age Layered Protocol System with a form of spatial co-evolution. The combined system (SCALP) is compared to these two systems and a canonical GP tournament selection scheme over three well understood domains, the sextic regression problem, a two variable regression problem and a variation on the classic minesweeper problem. In each case SCALP avoided premature convergence; solving every run of these particular problems.
SENTRA, a database of signal transduction proteins

SENTRA, available via URL http://wit.mcs. anl.gov/WIT2/Sentra/, is a database of proteins associated with microbial signal transduction. The database currently includes the classical two-component signal transduction pathway proteins and methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, but will be expanded to also include other classes of signal transduction systems that are modulated by phosphorylation or methylation reactions. Although the majority of database entries are from prokaryotic systems, eukaroytic proteins with bacterial-like signal transduction domains are also included. Currently SENTRA contains signal transduction proteins in 34 complete and almost completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes, as well as sequences from 243 organisms available in public databases (SWISS-PROT and EMBL). The analysis was carried out within the framework of the WIT2 system, which is designed and implemented to support genetic sequence analysis and comparative analysis of sequenced genomes.
Thermal preference, tolerance and temperature-dependent respiration in the California sea hare Aplysia californica

The thermoregulatory behavior of sea hare Aplysia californica was determined in a horizontal thermal gradient; with a preferred temperature (PT) of 18.3°C for the day cycle and 20.8°C for the night cycle. The displacement velocity demonstrated an initial rate of 30 cm·hˉ1 and gradually the velocity diminished to 18 cm·hˉ1 with several fluctuations mainly at 02:00 am. Critical Temperature Maxima (CTMax refers to the temperature point where at least 50% of the experimental group have a loss of attachment) was measured at three acclimation temperatures (16°C, 19°C and 22°C). At the lowest acclimation temperature (16°C), 50% of the experimental group had an attachment loss at CTMax 32.7°C, and in a higher acclimation temperature (22°C) CTMax was 36.2°C. The Oxygen Consumption Rate (OCR) was closely correlated to acclimation temperature, and at 16°C and 19°C sea hare had a relatively stable metabolic rate, with OCR increasing to 9 mg O2 hˉ1·kgˉ1 w.w. in a higher acclimation temperature.
A 4×40 Gb/s quad-lane CDR with shared frequency tracking and data dependent jitter filtering

A 4×40 Gb/s collaborative digital CDR is implemented in 28nm CMOS. The CDR is capable of recovering a low jitter clock from a partially-equalized or un-equalized eye by using a phase detection scheme that inherently filters out ISI edges. The CDR uses split feedback that simultaneously allows wider bandwidth and lower recovered clock jitter. A shared frequency tracking is also introduced that results in lower periodic jitter. Combining these techniques the CDR recovers a 10GHz clock from an eye containing 0.8UIpp DDJ and still achieves 1-10 MHz of tracking bandwidth while adding <; 300fs of jitter. Per lane CDR occupies only . 06 mm2 and consumes 175 mW.
Reply to H Pareja-Galeano et al.

A, Totsuka K, Shimano H, Ohashi Y, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2009;301(19): 2024–35. 11. Peel JB, Sui X, Matthews CE, Adams SA, Hebert JR, Hardin JW, Church TS, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness and digestive cancer mortality: findings from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(4):1111–7.
Modeling the effect of nanoparticles & the bistability of transmembrane potential in non-excitable cells

We present a simple dynamical model for the transmembrane potential in non-excitable mammalian cells. This model allows us to mimic the effect of nanoparticles on the transmembrane potential, by decreasing the permeability of potassium ion channels. We show that our model agrees with the trends observed in our experiments. However, it also exhibits opposing trends under certain conditions, which were not seen in the experiments. This indicates that the membrane potential can be bistable. We analyze the cellular conditions which may cause this apparent bistability. The effects of adding nanoparticles on sodium and chloride ion channels are also studied using the proposed model. We hypothesize that nanoparticles may also block the sodium and chloride ion channels but the extent of blockage of these ion channels may differ from that of potassium ion channels.
Delayed genomic responses to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

Ischemic stress in the brain induces acute and massive neuronal death in the targeted area, which is followed by a second round of detrimental processes, called delayed neuronal death, in the neighboring areas. To test the hypothesis that transcriptional control plays a role in the pathophysiology of the postischemic brain, the genomic responses that occurred in the brain at 3, 6 and, 12 h, and 1, 2 or 4 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were examined using a microarray harboring 5000 rat cDNAs. This analysis indicated that the number of up‐regulated genes was gradually increased, along with the concomitant reduction in the number of down‐regulated genes, until 12 h to 1 day after MCAO. It was followed by a delayed surge of down‐regulated genes at 2 days after MCAO. Northern blots and immunohistological analysis confirmed the validity of these microarray data. We present a list of 85 genes that were up‐regulated more than 2.3‐fold between 12 h and 4 days after MCAO, which included 56 novel genes whose expression has not previously been implicated in ischemic pathophysiology. The list included genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM), neuronal development and differentiation processes. Together these results suggest that the pathophysiology of the postischemic brain proceeds by the transcriptional activation of genes related to the process of delayed neuronal damage and/or recovery and repair.
An investigation of the factors affecting the lifecycle costs of COTS-based systems

This research used a case study based approach to test Abts’ CBS Functional Density Rule of Thumb (Abts, 2002; 2004) and to identify the factors influencing the costs of COTS-based systems by means of statistical analysis of a large component dataset from IBM, Grounded Theory analysis of a series of interviews with software architects and project managers and an extended literature review. Whilst the use of Glaser’s (1978) Grounded Theory approach provided support for Abts’ theory the statistical analysis provided no support for the theory that maximising the amount of system functionality provided by COTS components reduced system development costs. This has led to the identification of a weakness in the Grounded Theory method in that it is unable to move beyond the preconceptions of the interviewees if the interview data collection method is used in isolation of other data collection methods. However, overall this research has provided a deeper understanding of the issues affecting COTS-based design. By combining the outcomes of the Grounded Theory analysis and literature review a series of forces influencing the costs of building COTS-based systems have been identified, together with a set of principles, which when used in combination can enable software practitioners to make informed decisions about the impact on costs of using components.
A 0.2V 0.44 /spl mu W 20 kHz Analog to Digital /spl Sigma/Δ Modulator with 57 fJ/conversion FoM

This paper presents a 90 nm CMOS ΣΔ A/D modulator operating with a supply voltage of 0.2 V, well below the threshold voltage of the transistors. The modulator is an open-loop first-order architecture based on a frequency-modulated intermediate signal, generated in a ring voltage-controlled oscillator. The linearity of the modulator is greatly improved by the adoption of a so-called soft-rail in the oscillator. Measurements show a dynamic range of 52 dB over a 20 kHz signal bandwidth with a sampling frequency of 3.4 MHz, for a total power consumption as low as 0.44 μW. The corresponding peak SNDR is 44.2 dB, while the peak SNR is 47.4 dB.
Interactive Relighting of Panorama

Due to the simplicity and efficiency of panoramic image representation, it has been successfully applied to Internet applications to provide an immersive illusion within a real or synthetic environment. However, once a scene has been captured as image, the lighting condition can no longer be adjustable. As the illumination adjustment is one key capability in computer graphics, we describe in this article a panoramic image representation which allows us to incorporate the illumination information into the panorama. Scenes represented by this representation not just allow panning, tilting and zooming, but also allow interactive adjustment of lighting condition. An interactive panoramic viewer is developed to demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed representation.
Serodiagnosis for feline infectious peritonitis by immunofluorescence using infected suckling mouse brain sections.

ネコ伝染性腹膜炎(FIP)ウイルスは脳内接種後, 乳のみマウス脳内でよく増殖し, 継代2代以降著明な中枢神経症状を現わして死亡した. 感染乳のみマウス脳切片を標的抗原として, 螢光抗体間接法により, FIPウイルス抗体を検索したところ, 臨床あるいは病理学的にFIPと診断されたネコ83例中77例(93%)は1:400～1:25,600で陽性反応を示したのに対し, 健康ネコでは103例中3例(3%), FIP以外の症例では71例中4例(6%)のみが1:400および1:1,600で陽性反応を示した. 螢光抗体陽性検体の若干例について, 乳のみマウス脳内接種による中和試験を行なったところ, 螢光法と中和試験の成績はよく一致した.
Sequence analysis of the mosquitocidal toxin genes encoding 51.4- and 41.9-kilodalton proteins from Bacillus sphaericus 2362 and 2297

The nucleotide sequences of a 3,479-base-pair HindIII DNA fragment from Bacillus sphaericus 2362 and a 2,940-base-pair fragment from strain 2297 were determined; only minor differences were detected between them. Each contained two open reading frames coding for proteins of 51.4 and 41.9 kilodaltons. Both proteins were required for toxicity to larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens.
Self-Determination Theory and Exercise Behavior: An Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Exercise Motivation Scale

The purpose of these studies was to examine the psychometric properties of the Exercise Motivation Scale (EMS). One hundred forty-three undergraduates were surveyed in Study 1. Internal consistency reliability estimates ranged from . 75 to . 90 for the eight subscales. Discriminant validity was established via non-significant correlations with social desirability bias. The factor structure was confirmed by examining the intercorrelations of the EMS subscales which revealed a tenable simplex pattern. Differences on EMS subscales for participants at different Stages of Change supported group differentiation validity. Study 2 employed 58 undergraduates. Criterion validity was established by relationships between EMS subscales and distance walked during a self-selected intensity bout of exercise. A strong correlation between Exercise Identity Scale scores and integrated subscale scores supported the convergent validity of the integrated subscale. Overall the EMS yielded reliable scores and provided a valid means of making inferences about exercise behavior. Last, new findings about the relationship between the Self-Determination Theory and the Stages of Change Model are described which have significant applied implications.
Fabrication, characterization, and modeling of memristor devices

This paper describes the fabrication of memristor devices based on titanium and hafnium oxides. The device cross sectional area is varied to observe the impact this has on the current-voltage characteristic. A modeling technique is then utilized that is capable of matching the current-voltage characteristics of memristor devices. The model was able to match the titanium oxide device described in this paper with 13.58% error. The device model was then used in a neuromorphic simulation showing that a circuit based on this device is capable of learning logic functions.
Transitions in Boundary Layer Meso-γ Convective Structures:An Observational Case Study

Boundary layer rolls over Lake Michigan have been observed in wintertime conditions predicted by many past studies to favor nonroll convective structures (such as disorganized convection or cellular convection). This study examines mechanisms that gave rise to transitions between boundary layer rolls and more cellular convective structures observed during a lake-effect snow event over Lake Michigan on 17 December 1983. The purposes of this study are to better understand roll formation in marine boundary layers strongly heated from below and examine the evolution of snowfall rate and mass overturning rate within the boundary layer during periods of convective transition. A method of quantifying the uniformity of convection along the roll axes, based on dual-Doppler radar-derived vertical motions, was developed to quantify changes in boundary layer convective structure. Roll formation was found to occur after (within 1 h) increases in low-level wind speeds and speed shear primarily below about 0.3zi, with little change in directional shear within the convective boundary layer. Roll convective patterns appeared to initiate upstream of the sample region, rather than form locally near the downwind shore of Lake Michigan. These findings suggest that either rolls developed over the upwind half of Lake Michigan or that the convection had a delayed response to changes in the atmospheric surface and wind forcing. Mass overturning rates at midlevels in the boundary layer peaked when rolls were dominant and gradually decreased when cellular convection became more prevalent. Radar-estimated aerial-mean snowfall rates showed little relationship with changes in convective structure. However, when rolls were dominant, the heaviest snow was more concentrated in updraft regions than during more cellular time periods.
Effects of theophylline-ethylendiamine on chronic pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The use of theophylline in the treatment of chronic lung disease is wide spread thanks to the positive effects on the bronchial tree, on ventilation and on diaphragmatic contractile activity, which are well documented. On the other hand, the cardiovascular effects of this drug have not been studied much, particularly the effects on the hemodynamics of the pulmonary circulation. The latest studies were carried out by Parker (1966 and 1967) and by Jezek (1970) with heart catheterization and by Matthay (1978) with isotopic angiocardiography, but the problem has not been fully explored from the standpoint of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Therefore we are studying the effects of intravenous infusions of aminophylline in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, trying to examine the effects of this drug on three different groups of patients: the 1st without pulmonary arterial hypertension; the 2nd with latent pulmonary arterial hypertension; the 3rd with evident pulmonary arterial hypertension. We consider pulmonary arterial hypertension as pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 20 mmHg at rest and pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 35 mmHg at the end of 8 min of exercise in the supine position, with 40 W load cycle ergometer. The experimental protocol includes the clinical and functional identification of subjects with chronic obstructive long disease, the performance of right heart catheterization and the cannulation of a peripheral artery, measuring all pressure levels, cardiac output, hemogasanalytic data and theophylline levels in steady state (20-30 min. after the end of invasive manoeuvres) at the 10th, 20th and 30th min after the end of an infusion of 10 mg/kg of aminophylline. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An overview of cross-document coreference resolution

Aiming effective information extraction from textual documents, an important task is the Cross-document Coreference Resolution (CCR) in which co-referring entity mentions are resolved across multiple documents. The task of CCR, consists of multiple processing stages in which each stage plays a critical role in the whole process. In this paper, an overview of the CCR approaches which comprised of different methods and techniques for supporting one or more of these processing stages is presented. The analysis of such approaches presents the dimensions of the CCR task and its related research area to figure out the possible path for the future.
The Chinese at work : collectivism or individualism?

One of the significant features of the national culture of the Chinese in China and other Chinese-majority societies is “collectivism” or “low individualism” (Hofstede, 1984; Hofstede and Bond, 1988; Hofstede, 1993). Does it imply that the Chinese at work are collective subjects, with “group orientation”? Different people may have different views on this question. This paper challenges such popular assumptions about Chinese work behavior of “collectivism”. Drawing on studies from P.R. C. , Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore, it questions whether the logic of Chinese Confucian collectivism, prevailing in traditional Chinese family, still applies in today’s work organization. Based on the studies of collectivism and individualism in Chinese-majority societies, the controversial issue of collectivism is discussed, and implications for future studies of collectivism and individualism are also derived.