Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of chromium tripicolinate supplementation and dietary energy level and source on growth, carcass, and blood criteria in growing pigs.

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate potential interactive effects of supplemental Cr and dietary energy supply in growing pigs. Experiment 1 used 36 individually penned barrows, 25 to 65 kg, in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of supplemental Cr (0 or 200 ppb) and energy level (70, 80, or 90% of ME requirement). A corn-soybean meal basal diet was designed to supply all protein, mineral, and vitamin needs and 70% of the estimated ME need at 70% of ad libitum feed intake. Additional energy to 80% or 90% of the ME requirement was provided by a cornstarch/corn oil blend. In Exp. 2, 30 individually penned barrows, 23 to 68 kg, were used in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of supplemental Cr (0 or 200 ppb) and added energy source (none, cornstarch, corn oil, or choice white grease) with basal diets identical to Exp. 1. The various energy sources were added to 90% of the ME requirement. In both experiments, growth data were collected over a 50-d period and pigs were killed at 70.1 kg. Increasing energy levels increased (linear, P < 0.01) ADG, average backfat thickness, 10th rib backfat thickness, and cooler shrink and decreased (linear, P < 0.01) longissimus muscle area in Exp. 1. Carcass composition increased (linear, P < 0.01) in lipid and decreased in protein, water, and protein:lipid ratio in response to increasing ME levels. Similar results were observed in Exp. 2 in response to added energy, regardless of the energy source used. In response to ME, linear increases (P < 0.05) in plasma insulin concentration before feeding and after feeding were observed in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, plasma insulin concentration was lower for the basal diet before feeding (P < 0.05) and higher for the starch diet after feeding (P < 0.01); insulin:glucose ratio increased (P < 0.01) after feeding for starch compared to oil and fat. No consistent effect of Cr or Cr x ME level on performance or carcass was observed (P > 0.10) in these experiments. Similarly, no Cr effect or Cr x ME interaction (P > 0.10) was observed in plasma glucose or insulin levels. Dietary energy levels markedly affected growth criteria in growing pigs (23 to 68 kg) in these experiments, as anticipated, but supplemental Cr was without effect on performance or carcass responses.
Heme Distortion Modulated by Ligand-Protein Interactions in Inducible Nitric-oxide Synthase*

The catalytic center of nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) consists of a thiolate-coordinated heme macrocycle, a tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) cofactor, and an l-arginine (l-Arg)/N-hydroxyarginine substrate binding site. To determine how the interplay between the cofactor, the substrates, and the protein matrix housing the heme regulates the enzymatic activity of NOS, the CO-, NO-, and CN--bound adducts of the oxygenase domain of the inducible isoform of NOS (iNOSoxy) were examined with resonance Raman spectroscopy. The Raman data of the CO-bound ferrous protein demonstrated that the presence of l-Arg causes the Fe–C–O moiety to adopt a bent structure because of an H-bonding interaction whereas H4B binding exerts no effect. Similar behavior was found in the CN--bound ferric protein and in the nitric oxide (NO)-bound ferrous protein. In contrast, in the NO-bound ferric complexes, the addition of l-Arg alone does not affect the structural properties of the Fe–N–O moiety, but H4B binding forces it to adopt a bent structure, which is further enhanced by the subsequent addition of l-Arg. The differential interactions between the various heme ligands and the protein matrix in response to l-Arg and/or H4B binding is coupled to heme distortions, as reflected by the development of a variety of out-of-plane heme modes in the low frequency Raman spectra. The extent and symmetry of heme deformation modulated by ligand, substrate, and cofactor binding may provide important control over the catalytic and autoinhibitory properties of the enzyme.
Knee-muscle activation during landings: developmental and gender comparisons.

PURPOSE This study determined anteroposterior knee-joint muscle activation differences among children and adult males and females landing from a self-initiated vertical jump (VJ) under normal and offset-target conditions to further understand physical maturation's influence on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. METHODS Fifty-five recreationally active volunteer subjects grouped by age (children = 9.5 +/- 0.9 yr; adult = 23.9 +/- 2.8 yr) and gender (females = 28; males = 27) completed motion analysis, ground reaction force, and surface electromyography (SEMG) data collection during a two-footed landing under straight (midline-target) and offset-target (adult = 45.7 cm; child = 30.5 cm) conditions. Target height was 50% of maximum VJ height. Co-contraction ratios (CCR) (hamstrings (HAMS)/vastus medialis (VM) activity) from normalized SEMG root mean squares were analyzed in the prelanding (PRE) (100 ms before initial contact (IC)), reflexive (REF) (100 ms after IC), and voluntary (VOL) (end of REF to maximum knee flexion) muscle activity phases. Repeated-measures statistical analyses determined significant gender, physical maturation, and target differences (P < 0.05) in CCR and associated HAMS and VM activity across landing phases. RESULTS A significant interaction (P < 0.0001) indicated similar CCR for children and adults during the REF and VOL phases, but during the PRE phase adult CCR (619.04 + 52.01) were two times greater than children's (308.32 +/- 51.04). Significantly more HAMS activity, not less VM activity, increased adult PRE-CCR. Gender and target CCR differences were absent. CONCLUSIONS Children's decreased preparatory co-contraction about the knee does not seem to be linked to increased ACL injury risk. Thus, adults may strive for preparatory co-contraction levels about the knee that permit adaptability to varied landing tasks.
Shadow detection of static images by innovative thresholding approach

Computer vision systems majorly work on the basis of capturing three dimensional scenes. The scenes however have two dimensional images or videos that are sent for processing. The said images and the videos always have an object of interest. The scenes which are captured have a number of objects along with the object of interest. of all these objects, the ones which are not required are ignored or considered as the background. Consider applications like tracking and object identification, where the object of interest has to be identified. The computer vision system which captures these scene, has along with other objects, Object of interest and also their shadows. If only the object of interest is considered then its shadow having a shape almost similar to that of the object and further if the object is dark then the matching is at shape as well as colour level. There are always chances that the tracking and the object identification system which works on colour and shape, may detect the shadow in place of the object. This is called as false tracking or false detection respectively. The limitations of the computer vision system is that it cannot differentiate between the objects and its shadows, so a preprocessing stage has to be introduced between the computer vision system and processing stage called as the shadow detection and elimination system. The algorithm for the same maps in four working domain namely intensity, colour, texture and geometry. This paper highlights the colour based method based on global thresholding used for shadow detection with suggested modifications at the local level. This is the work which is presented in this paper. It further uses the qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods to compare the modified method with existing global thresholding method.
Arabidopsis CAP1-mediated ammonium sensing required reactive oxygen species in plant cell growth.

[Ca 2+]cyt-associated protein kinase (CAP) gene 1 is a receptor-like kinase that belongs to CrRLK1L (Catharanthus roseus Receptor like kinase) subfamily. CAP1 has been identified as a novel modulator of NH 4+ in the tonoplast, which regulates root hair growth by maintaining the cytoplasmic Ca 2+ gradients. Different expression pattern of tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP2;3) in the CAP1 knock out mutant and wild type on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium suggested that CAP1 influences transport activity to regulate the compartmentalization of NH 4+ into vacuole. Lower expression level of Oxidative Signal-Inducible1(OXI1) in the cap1-1 root and the abnormal reactive oxygen species (ROS) gradient in root hair of cap1-1 on MS medium indicated that ROS signaling involve in CAP1-regulated root hair growth. Wild-type-like ROS distribution pattern in the cap1-1 root hair can be reestablished in seedlings grown on NH 4+ deficient medium, which indicated that CAP1 functions as a sensor for NH 4+ signaling in maintaining tip-focused ROS gradient in root hairs polar growth.
Appendix B Result of Pearson ’ s Correlation Coefficient Appendix C Result of Multiple Regression Analysis

As the Smart phone technology continues to advance, the Smart phone has emerged and become ubiquitous. With high penetration of the Smart phone in Malaysia, it facilitates the mobile marketing channel to deliver advertisements to the consumers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the enabling factors that influence consumers’ behavior to accept mobile marketing by using the revised Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The UTAUT model consists of the independent variables of Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Condition (FC), and the dependent variable is the acceptance of technology, which in this study, is the Acceptance of Mobile Marketing. The quantitative research approach is used in the study to statistically examine consumer behavior towards the acceptance of mobile marketing. The sample size of 109 Malaysian respondents was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that half of the independent variables in UTAUT model have significant positive effect on the Acceptance of Mobile Marketing. The result of the findings is that variables of Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy have significant positive effect on Acceptance of Mobile Marketing, while Social Influence and Facilitating Condition do not have significant positive effect on Acceptance of Mobile Marketing.
Impact-Ionization and Tunneling FET Characteristics of Dual-Functional Devices With Partially Covered Intrinsic Regions

Dual-functional devices based on gated p-i-n diodes are proposed in this simulation study. The dual-functional devices function not only as n-channel tunneling field-effect transistors (nTFETs) but also as p-channel impact-ionization FETs (p-IFETs), depending on the bias conditions. In this study, the I-V characteristics, subthreshold swing (SS), ON/OFF current ratio (Ion/Ioff), and band diagram are analyzed using a device simulator (Silvaco Atlas), and the features of the n-TFETs and the p-IFETs are extracted from the simulated data. The n-TFETs exhibit high Ion/Ioff of ~1011 and a sub-60-mV/dec SS, and the p-IFETs yield extremely low SS of as small as 8.57 mV/dec. Our approach is one of the useful methods to design multifunctional electronics for lowering the power consumption.
Ivermectin as a bird anthelmintic--trials with naturally infected domestic fowl.

To evaluate the use of ivermectin as a bird anthelmintic, 29 White Leghorn hens naturally infected with Ascaridia spp. , Heterakis spp. and Capillaria spp. were treated with 0.2, 2 or 6 mg/kg intramuscularly or 0.2 or 0.8 mg/kg orally. Faecal samples were collected before treatment and at autopsy, 2, 6, or 16 days after treatment, when the intestines were also examined for helminths. None of the treatments gave satisfactory anthelmintic results.
Design of multi-carrier MIMO radar array for DOA estimation

Multi-carrier (MC) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar offers an additional degree of freedom in the array optimization through the carrier frequencies. In this paper, we study the MC-MIMO array optimization with respect to the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB). In particular, we choose the transmit and receive antenna positions as well as the carrier frequencies to minimize the single-target CRB subject to a constraint of the peak sidelobe level. A genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem and numerical examples demonstrate the superiority of our approach over both single-carrier MIMO radar and existing design rules.
Ultrasonography of the chest wall

Ultrasonography of the chest wall has been used to aid in radiation therapy treatment planning. The sonogram reveals the lung surface and the sternum in relation to the skin surface. Tumor tissue tends to be more sonolucent than normal breast tissue. This technique has been used to detect post‐mastectomy recurrent tumor.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector on aluminum nitride

We report successful fabrication of niobium nitride single-photon detectors on aluminum nitride substrates. The fabricated detectors showed saturated detection efficiency at 2.45 K under 1550 nm illumination (indicating near-unity internal quantum efficiency), sub-60-ps jitter, and ~6 ns reset time.
Searching for magic bullets: early approaches to chemotherapy-antifolates, methotrexate--the Bruce F. Cain memorial award lecture.

Cancer chemotherapy has become a very large and sophisti cated scientific endeavor. Rather than discuss modern advances in this science, I shall try to describe some of the beginnings of chemotherapy in our laboratory 40 years ago. I shall also show how two approaches eventually converged in methotrexate. The first of these two approaches started 80 years ago in work by the German bacteriologist Paul Ehrlich. He was inter ested in the possible usefulness of aniline dyes, and in 1907, he discovered the dye known as trypan red, which, when injected into the blood of animals infected with trypanosomes, brought about the destruction of these parasitic organisms. He received the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1908, and in 1910 he announced that he had prepared an arsenical compound, arsphenamine, that was effective against syphilis. This was the 606th com pound that he had tested in this series, and it received the name "606. " For years, arsphenamine was used for treatment of
Human Hertwig’s Epithelial Root Sheath Cells Play Crucial Roles in Cementum Formation

Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells are a unique population of epithelial cells in the periodontal ligament compartment. To date, their functional role has not been fully elucidated. Our hypothesis was that HERS cells may be involved in regulating differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and forming cementum in vivo. In this study, we found that HERS cells may be capable of promoting PDLSC differentiation and undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blot analysis, a transwell co-culture system, and in vivo transplantation were used to characterize the interplay between HERS cells and PDLSCs, as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HERS cells. TGFβ1 was capable of inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of HERS cells through activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, HERS cells were able to form cementum-like tissue when transplanted into immunocompromised mice. Abbreviations: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell, BMMSC; bone sialoprotein, BSP; hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate, HA/TCP; Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath, HERS; osteocalcin, OCN; periodontal ligament, PDL; periodontal ligament stem cell, PDLSC; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PI3K.
Supplementary material : Curriculum Learning of Multiple Tasks

Assume that the learner observes a sequence of tasks in a fixed order, t1, . , tn, with corresponding training sets, S1, . , Sn, where Si = {(x1, y 1), . , (ximi , y i mi)} consists of mi i.i. d. samples from a task-specific data distribution Di. We assume that all tasks share the same input space X and output space Y and that the learner uses the same loss function l : Y × Y → [0, 1] and hypothesis set H ⊂ {h : X → Y} for solving these tasks. The learner solves only one task at a time by using some arbitrary but fixed deterministic algorithm A that produces a posterior distribution Qi over H based on training data Si and some prior knowledge Pi, which is also expressed in form of probability distribution over the hypothesis set. Moreover, we assume that the solution Qi plays the role of a prior for the next task, i.e. Pi+1 = Qi (P1 is just some fixed distribution, Q0). For making predictions for task ti the learner uses the Gibbs predictor, associated with the corresponding posterior distribution Qi. For an input x ∈ X this randomized predictor samples h ∈ H according to Qi and returns h(x). The goal of the learner is to perform well on all tasks, t1, . , tn, i.e. to minimize the average expected error of the Gibbs classifiers defined by Q1, . , Qn:
Modèles statistiques pour l’estimation automatique de la difficulté de textes de FLE

La lecture constitue l’une des tâches essentielles dans l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère. Toutefois, la découverte d’un texte portant sur un sujet précis et qui soit adapté au niveau de chaque apprenant est consommatrice de temps et pourrait être automatisée. Des expériences montrent que, pour l’anglais, l’utilisation de classifieurs statistiques permet d’estimer automatiquement la difficulté d’un texte. Dans cet article, nous proposons une méthodologie originale comparant, pour le français langue étrangère (FLE), diverses techniques de classification (la régression logistique, le bagging et le boosting) sur deux corpus d’entraînement. Il ressort de cette analyse comparative une légère supériorité de la régression logistique multinomiale.
Cooperative simultaneous attack with multiple missiles under leader-follower communication graphs

The cooperative simultaneous attack problem with multiple missiles against a single target under leader-follower communication graphs is addressed in this paper. Based on the neighboring missiles' time-to-go estimates, which are determined by missiles' ranges-to-go over the closing speeds, a distributed guidance law is proposed. By using algebraic graph theory and Lyapunov stability theory, it is strictly proved that the proposed distributed guidance law can drive all the missiles' real times-to-go to reach consensus in finite time.
BAF53 Forms Distinct Nuclear Complexes and Functions as a Critical c-Myc-Interacting Nuclear Cofactor for Oncogenic Transformation

ABSTRACT The c-Myc oncoprotein functions as a transcription factor that can transform normal cells into tumor cells, as well as playing a direct role in normal cell proliferation. The c-Myc protein transactivates cellular promoters by recruiting nuclear cofactors to chromosomal sites through an N-terminal transactivation domain. We have previously reported the identification and functional characterization of four different c-Myc cofactors: TRRAP, hGCN5, TIP49, and TIP48. Here we present the identification and characterization of the actin-related protein BAF53 as a c-Myc-interacting nuclear cofactor that forms distinct nuclear complexes. In addition to the human SWI/SNF-related BAF complex, BAF53 forms a complex with TIP49 and TIP48 and a separate biochemically distinct complex containing TRRAP and a histone acetyltransferase which does not contain TIP60. Using deletion mutants of BAF53, we show that BAF53 is critical for c-Myc oncogenic activity. Our results indicate that BAF53 plays a functional role in c-Myc-interacting nuclear complexes.
In vivo selection for transmissible drug resistance in Salmonella typhi during antimicrobial therapy

We report the recovery of Salmonella typhi that acquired resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and gentamicin subsequent to multiple antibiotic therapy. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates which were recovered from the same stool sample displayed identical resistance patterns. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that S. typhi and laboratory-derived transconjugants contained a high-molecular-weight plasmid present in the resistant intestinal bacteria.
Real-time synchronization protocols for multiprocessors

The authors investigate the synchronization problem in the context of priority-driven preemptive scheduling on shared-memory multiprocessors. Unfortunately, a direct application of synchronization mechanisms such as the Ada rendezvous, semaphores, or monitors can lead to uncontrolled priority inversion: a high job being blocked by a lower priority job for an indefinite period of time. A task allocation scheme based on the generalized protocol is outlined. <<ETX>>
Triangulation using a meta-matrix.

BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE Quantitative and qualitative data analysis are often undertaken as separate enterprises, as they emerge from differing philosophies of science and methodologies for data collection, management and analysis. Quantitative data analysis is sometimes seen in philosophic and methodologic conflict with a naturalistic, human science perspective of science. Researchers interested in data from both realms often rely on triangulation procedures, in which each is considered from its representative lens. Results are then projected out into a common area where data are melded and discussed. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the meta-matrix as a tool for triangulation in nursing research and to demonstrate its usefulness in an exemplar case. DESIGN/METHODS The exploratory nature of a recent study led to the decision to manage triangulation using an emerging methodology, thereby allowing consideration of all data simultaneously through the use of a meta-matrix. Discussion of the meta-matrix as a method is presented. FINDINGS Use of the meta-matrix facilitated data analysis and allowed pattern recognition across data sets. Discovery of several unexpected relationships deepened understanding of the results and assisted in identifying questions for further research. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS The meta-matrix method provides a useful alternative approach for secondary-level data analysis in mixed-methods research.
A Fast Method For Computing Principal Curvatures From Range Images

Estimation of surface curvature from range data is important for a range of tasks in computer vision and robotics, object segmentation, object recognition and robotic grasping estimation. This work presents a fast method of robustly computing accurate metric principal curvature values from noisy point clouds which was implemented on GPU. In contrast to existing readily available solutions which first differentiate the surface to estimate surface normals and then differentiate these to obtain curvature, amplifying noise, our method iteratively fits parabolic quadric surface patches to the data. Additionally previous methods with a similar formulation use less robust techniques less applicable to a high noise sensor. We demonstrate that our method is fast and provides better curvature estimates than existing techniques. In particular we compare our method to several alternatives to demonstrate the improvement.