Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CD44‐stimulated dendrite formation (‘spreading’) in activated B cells

A rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) (NIM‐R8), insolubilized by binding to plastic plates, induced a rapid and extensive formation of dendrite processes (‘spreading’) in B lymphocytes activated by anti‐IgM and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) or anti‐CD38 and IL‐4. In contrast, resting B cells were unable to spread similarly on the NIM‐R8‐coated plates. The NIM‐R8 antibody recognized a 90 000 MW surface glycoprotein (gp90) present on both B and T lymphocytes. The expression of this molecule was greatly increased after polyclonal (lipopolysaccarhide, anti‐IgM plus IL‐4 or concanavalin A) activation. The NIM‐R8 mAb with or without IL‐2 or IL‐4 was unable to induce proliferation of splenic lymphocytes. Following the demonstration that the NIM‐R8 mAb recognizes the murine equivalent of human CD44, the induction of spreading of activated B lymphocytes was studied using a panel of mAb recognizing different epitopes of murine CD44. All of these different mAb induced similar spreading of activated B cells. The ligand‐inducible spreading of activated B lymphocytes may be an important mechanism for providing an increased cell‐surface area for cell–cell or cell–matrix interactions, and thus may be an important factor controlling the response of activated lymphocytes.
Chronic Allergic-like Inflammation in the Tumor Stroma of Human Gastric Carcinomas: An Ultrastructural Study

Inflammatory cell infiltration around the sites of carcinoma invasion is believed to play important roles in tumor biological behavior. The status of inflammatory cell infiltration at the sites of frank invasion in 92 cases of gastric carcinomas was examined, with special emphasis on tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE). TATE was found in 7 out of 92 (7.6%) gastric carcinomas (6 of intestinal-type and 1 of diffuse-type). Electron microscopy, selectively performed in the 7 cases of gastric carcinomas with TATE, showed that eosinophils participated in the stromal reaction by interacting with tumor cells, mast cells, and each other. Most of the tumor-infiltrating mast cells exhibited anaphylactic or piecemeal degranulation, indicating that the mast cells had been activated in situ. Some mast cells were noted in close contact to viable tumor cells, suggesting the existence of direct cell-to-cell interactions. There was also extracellular deposition of free eosinophil granules and Charcot-Leyden crystals. These morphologic findings are similar to that described in late/chronic-phase allergic reaction in both human and experimental animals, where angiogenesis and fibrosis/tissue repair are also present. In conclusion, TATE may indicate a chronic allergic-like Th2 host–tumor reaction, and understanding these pathways should create tools to enhance defence and contrast neoplastic disease.
A randomized-controlled clinical trial evaluating clinical and radiological outcomes after 3 and 5 years of dental implants placed in bone regenerated by means of GBR techniques with or without the addition of BMP-2.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this randomized-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the long-term outcome of implants placed in bone augmented with a xenogenic bone substitute material and a collagen membrane with or without the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). MATERIAL AND METHODS Eleven patients received a total of 34 implants placed into sites exhibiting lateral bone defects. In a split mouth design, the defects were randomly treated with the graft material and the collagen membrane either with (test) or without (control) rhBMP-2. The patients were examined 3 and 5 years after insertion of the prosthetic restoration. Student's paired t-test was performed to detect differences between the two groups. RESULTS The survival rate at 3 and 5 years was 100% for both groups. The peri-implant soft tissues were stable and healthy without any difference between the two groups. The prosthetic reevaluation demonstrated four loose prosthetic screws during the first 3 years and seven ceramic chippings after 3 and 5 years. The mean distance between the first bone to implant contact to implant abutment junction at 3 years was 1.37 mm (test), 1.22 mm (control), and 1.38 mm (test), and 1.23 mm (control) at 5 years. The difference of <0.2 mm between test and control implants was not statistically significant. The mean change of the marginal bone level between baseline and 5 years ranged from -0.07 mm (mesial, test), -0.11 mm (distal, test), -0.03 mm (mesial, control), to +0.13 mm (distal, control). No statistically significant differences were observed between test and control sites. CONCLUSION Implants placed in bone augmented with and without rhBMP-2 revealed excellent clinical and radiological outcomes after 3 and 5 years.
Applying simplification algorithms for efficient EM-simulations of a complex Galileo satellite model

Efficient antenna development involves precise electromagnetic (EM) simulation of the antenna and all surroundings. Most accurate results can be obtained by using CAD data of all parts belonging to the antenna and objects in its vicinity. However, depending on size and number of parts involved this can lead to a huge amount of data which can not be handled by current EM simulation tools anymore. Thus, usually a trade-off between simulation accuracy and object size needs to be found. In this paper, simplification algorithms for automatically reducing CAD data of a Galileo II satellite are introduced and tested.
Subsurface targets detection with Shannon entropy

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has the penetration of the drying dielectric layer, which can detect subsurface targets and buried characteristics. It took fully polarimetric SAR datasets of the subsurface in Lop Nur Palaeo-lacustrine basin for example to compute Shannon entropy parameter and analyze its image features, and then compare those with the other polarization parameters and polarization decomposition results from scattering mechanism and image features. The results show that the introduced Shannon entropy can describe the actual situation and express the image features more obvious in study area, so it has an important reference value for subsurface targets detection and buried characteristics extraction.
Further results on the set invariance approach to stability analysis of linear systems under saturated linear feedback

Ellipsoids, as level sets of quadratic Lyapunov functions, and the convex hull of ellipsoids, as a level set of a certain composite quadratic Lyapunov function, have both been extensively used as estimates of the domain of attraction of a linear system under saturated linear feedback. By expressing the saturated linear feedback law on the convex hull of a group of linear feedback laws, conditions have been established under which an ellipsoid or the convex hull of a group of ellipsoids are contractively invariant sets and are thus estimates of the domain of attraction. These conditions are usually less conservative for single input systems than for multiple input systems. In this paper, we consider multiple input systems and establish conditions for contractive invariance of both ellipsoids and convex hull of ellipsoids that are less conservative than the existing conditions.
Any reason for using Computational Intelligence methods in classical mind board games ?

In the last two decades the advancement of AI/CI methods in classical board and card games (such as Chess, Checkers, Othello, Go, Poker, Bridge, .) has been enormous. In nearly all “world famous” games the humans have been decisively conquered by the machines (actually Go remains almost the last redoubt of human supremacy). In the above perspective the natural question that comes to our minds is whether there is still any need for further development of CI methods in this area. What kind of goals can be achieved on this path? What are (if any) the challenging problems in this field? This paper tries to discuss these issues with respect to classical board mind games and provides partial (though highly subjective) answers to some of the open questions. The main conclusion from the arguments specified in the paper is that one of the major, ultimate goals of CI in classical board game research concerns possessing by machines the ability to mimic human approach to game playing. This includes the human-specific learning methods (learning from scratch, pattern-based learning, multitask and unsupervised learning) and human-type reasoning and decision making (efficient position estimation, abstraction and generalization of game features, autonomous development of evaluation functions, effective preordering of moves, and selective, contextual search). Three topics i.e. autonomous learning, knowledge discovery and intuition are discussed in this paper in more detail.
Distributed Newton Methods for Strictly Convex Consensus Optimization Problems in Multi-Agent Networks

Various distributed optimization methods have been developed for consensus optimization problems in multi-agent networks. Most of these methods only use gradient or subgradient information of the objective functions, which suffer from slow convergence rate. Recently, a distributed Newton method whose appeal stems from the use of second-order information and its fast convergence rate has been devised for the network utility maximization (NUM) problem. This paper contributes to this method by adjusting it to a special kind of consensus optimization problem in two different multi-agent networks. For networks with Hamilton path, the distributed Newton method is modified by exploiting a novel matrix splitting techniques. For general connected multi-agent networks, the algorithm is trimmed by combining the matrix splitting technique and the spanning tree for this consensus optimization problems. The convergence analyses show that both modified distributed Newton methods enable the nodes across the network to achieve a global optimal solution in a distributed manner. Finally, the distributed Newton method is applied to solve a problem which is motivated by the Kuramoto model of coupled nonlinear oscillators and the numerical results illustrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Measuring Physical Function in Children with Spina Bifida and Dislocated Hips: The Spina Bifida Hips Questionnaire

The objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire to evaluate the activities of daily living that are important to children with spina bifida and dislocated hips and their families. Ninety-six items were generated from a review of the literature and interviews with clinicians, parents, and children with spina bifida and dislocated hips. Items were rated independently for “importance” and “severity” by the children and their parents. The 26 most important and severe items were formatted into a self-administered questionnaire, the Spina Bifida Hips Questionnaire (SBHQ). Parents and children completed 2 weeks apart the SBHQ, the Activities Scale for Kids (ASK), and the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Questionnaire (PODCQ). The SBHQ showed excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation = 0.97). Construct validity was established by correlations with the ASK (r = 0.79, P < 0.01) and the PODCQ (r = 0.84, P < 0.01). In conclusion, the SBHQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire for the evaluation of treatment outcomes for children with spina bifida and dislocated hips.
Regional White Matter Pathology in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Differential Influence of Lesion Type on Neuropsychological Functioning

Background and Purpose— Associations between regional white matter lesion pathology and neuropsychological performance across the aging spectrum are not well understood and, to date, research has been largely contradictory and inconclusive. The current study set out to clarify some of the inconsistencies in the literature by relating volumetric analyses of white matter lesions (deep white matter lesions and periventricular lesions) to neuropsychological performance in a large clinical sample of older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Methods— Seventy older adults with mild cognitive impairment were administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. White matter lesions identified on T2-weighted FLAIR images were quantified using a semi-automated volumetric approach (pixel thresholding). Results— Results showed that, in contrast to performance on memory and naming tasks, total white matter lesions strongly predicted executive impairments, slowed processing speed, and visuospatial/construction difficulties. In addition, separate regression analyses demonstrated that results were primarily accounted for by deep white matter lesions (but not periventricular lesions), most likely due to frontal-subcortical circuitry disruption. Moreover, deep white matter lesions, but not periventricular lesions, significantly predicted overall poorer neuropsychological functioning after controlling for age, education, and level of depression. Conclusions— Taken together, findings demonstrate a differential influence of lesion type on cognitive impairment in mild cognitive impairment and implicate deep white matter lesions as being most detrimental in terms of neuropsychological functioning. Clinical, theoretical, and methodological implications of these results are discussed.
The Prevention of Delirium and Complications Associated with Surgical Treatments (PODCAST) study: protocol for an international multicentre randomised controlled trial

Introduction Postoperative delirium is one of the most common complications of major surgery, affecting 10–70% of surgical patients 60 years and older. Delirium is an acute change in cognition that manifests as poor attention and illogical thinking and is associated with longer intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, long-lasting cognitive deterioration and increased mortality. Ketamine has been used as an anaesthetic drug for over 50 years and has an established safety record. Recent research suggests that, in addition to preventing acute postoperative pain, a subanaesthetic dose of intraoperative ketamine could decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium as well as other neurological and psychiatric outcomes. However, these proposed benefits of ketamine have not been tested in a large clinical trial. Methods The Prevention of Delirium and Complications Associated with Surgical Treatments (PODCAST) study is an international, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. 600 cardiac and major non-cardiac surgery patients will be randomised to receive ketamine (0.5 or 1 mg/kg) or placebo following anaesthetic induction and prior to surgical incision. For the primary outcome, blinded observers will assess delirium on the day of surgery (postoperative day 0) and twice daily from postoperative days 1–3 using the Confusion Assessment Method or the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU. For the secondary outcomes, blinded observers will estimate pain using the Behavioral Pain Scale or the Behavioral Pain Scale for Non-Intubated Patients and patient self-report. Ethics and dissemination The PODCAST trial has been approved by the ethics boards of five participating institutions; approval is ongoing at other sites. Recruitment began in February 2014 and will continue until the end of 2016. Dissemination plans include presentations at scientific conferences, scientific publications, stakeholder engagement and popular media. Registration details The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01690988 (last updated March 2014). The PODCAST trial is being conducted under the auspices of the Neurological Outcomes Network for Surgery (NEURONS). Trial registration number NCT01690988 (last updated December 2013).
A Database Index to Large Biological Sequences

We present an approach to searching genetic DNA sequences using an adaptation of the suf-(cid:12)x tree data structure deployed on the general purpose persistent Java platform, PJama. Our implementation technique is novel, in that it allows us to build su(cid:14)x trees on disk for arbitrarily large sequences, for instance for the longest human chromosome consisting of 263 million letters. We propose to use such indexes as an alternative to the current practice of serial scanning. We describe our tree creation algorithm, analyse the performance of our index, and discuss the interplay of the data structure with object store architectures. Early measurements are presented.
Theoretical maximum data rate estimations for PLC in automotive power distribution systems

This paper discusses the limitations of power line communication (PLC) in vehicles, regarding system loads, transceiver coupling circuits and cable topology. Firstly, ECU input impedances were analyzed to obtain typical termination load conditions in modern vehicle power supply systems. Coupling circuits and cable harness topologies for the power distribution network were proposed, as well. Then, the common applied structure (tree topology) from modern vehicles was analyzed. EMC is considered by analyzing immunity and emission in vehicle. Three exemplary topologies of in-vehicle power supply system were analyzed. It has shown that ECU number and number of star points have significant influence to data transmission in PCL. Also, worst and best conditions for data transmission has been found based on retrieved channel characteristics and signal to noise ratio (SNR) approximations considering that the noise limit level in automotive power supply system equals to CISPR25 conducted emission limits.
It's Alive Inside! A Note on the Prevalence of Personification

Personification is a literary device ordinarily associated with 'babbling' brooks/weeping' willows and 'dancing' daffodils. It is also widely used in marketing and advertising. Pepsi's 'smiling' logo, Yakult's 'friendly' bacteria, Karmi's 'feminine' beer bottle and academics' venerable ideas about product life cycles and marketing myopia, are just some of our many attempts to humanise marketing phenomena. Taking Guinness as a guiding exemplar, this paper develops a taxonomy of brand personifications and attempts to account for the trope's popularity in marketing theory and practice.
Review On: Image Fusion Using Wavelet and Curvelet Transform

- Image fusion refers to the process of combining the information from two or more images into a single highly informative image. The resulting fused image contains more information than the input images. In this paper, two medical images are fused based on the Wavelet Transform (WT) and Curvelet transform using different fusion techniques. The objective of the fusion of an MR image and CT image of the same organ is to obtain a single image containing as much information as possible about that organ for diagnosis . In this paper ,the input CT and MR images are registered and wavelet and curvelet transforms are applied on it. Finally, the results are evaluated using fusion techniques. The parameters like PSNR, CCR and MSE are evaluated. In our proposed work results are better showed by using ANFIS tool in Wavelet and Curvelet transform.
The SIN3 Deacetylase Complex Represses Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Proteins

Deacetylation of histones by the SIN3 complex is a major mechanism utilized in eukaryotic organisms to repress transcription. Presumably, developmental and cellular phenotypes resulting from mutations in SIN3 are a consequence of altered transcription of SIN3 target genes. Therefore, to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying SIN3 mutant phenotypes in Drosophila, we used full-genome oligonucleotide microarrays to compare gene expression levels in wild type Drosophila tissue culture cells versus SIN3-deficient cells generated by RNA interference. Of the 13,137 genes tested, 364 were induced and 35 were repressed by loss of SIN3. The ∼10-fold difference between the number of induced and repressed genes suggests that SIN3 plays a direct role in regulating these genes. The identified genes are distributed throughout euchromatic regions but are preferentially excluded from heterochromatic regions of Drosophila chromosomes suggesting that the SIN3 complex can only access particular chromatin structures. A number of cell cycle regulators were repressed by loss of SIN3, and functional studies indicate that repression of string, encoding the Drosophila homologue of the yeast CDC25 phosphatase, contributes to the G2 cell cycle delay of SIN3-deficient cells. Unexpectedly, a substantial fraction of genes induced by loss of SIN3 is involved in cytosolic and mitochondrial energy-generating pathways and other genes encode components of the mitochondrial translation machinery. Increased expression of mitochondrial proteins in SIN3-deficient cells is manifested in an increase in mitochondrial mass. Thus, SIN3 may play an important role in regulating mitochondrial respiratory activity.
Fast protein classification with multiple networks

MOTIVATION Support vector machines (SVMs) have been successfully used to classify proteins into functional categories. Recently, to integrate multiple data sources, a semidefinite programming (SDP) based SVM method was introduced. In SDP/SVM, multiple kernel matrices corresponding to each of data sources are combined with weights obtained by solving an SDP. However, when trying to apply SDP/SVM to large problems, the computational cost can become prohibitive, since both converting the data to a kernel matrix for the SVM and solving the SDP are time and memory demanding. Another application-specific drawback arises when some of the data sources are protein networks. A common method of converting the network to a kernel matrix is the diffusion kernel method, which has time complexity of O(n(3)), and produces a dense matrix of size n x n. RESULTS We propose an efficient method of protein classification using multiple protein networks. Available protein networks, such as a physical interaction network or a metabolic network, can be directly incorporated. Vectorial data can also be incorporated after conversion into a network by means of neighbor point connection. Similar to the SDP/SVM method, the combination weights are obtained by convex optimization. Due to the sparsity of network edges, the computation time is nearly linear in the number of edges of the combined network. Additionally, the combination weights provide information useful for discarding noisy or irrelevant networks. Experiments on function prediction of 3588 yeast proteins show promising results: the computation time is enormously reduced, while the accuracy is still comparable to the SDP/SVM method. AVAILABILITY Software and data will be available on request.
Lifetime Reliability Aware Architectural Adaptation

Relentless CMOS technology scaling has resulted in increased on-chip temperature leading to serious concerns about lifetime reliability of micro-processors. Though dynamic thermal management techniques can control peak temperature, they often fail to meet the reliability targets due to the complex interplay between temperature and reliability. In this paper, we propose a dynamic reliability management (DRM) technique that exploits architectural adaptation in conjunction with dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS). We employ an online Bayesian classifier that can efficiently detect the reliable configurations, while a performance prediction model selects the one with best performance among all the reliable configurations. We later extend our approach to meet both reliability and thermal constraints. Experimental results reveal that our adaptive DRM technique achieves reliability targets while reducing performance overhead by 42.30% compared to DVFS and 28.68% compared to DVFS with fetch gating.