CrashApp™ –Concurrent Multiple Stakeholder Evaluation of a DSR Artefact

vii Chapter 1: Introduction and Background . 1 1.1 Motivation . 3 1.2 Research Goals . 5 Chapter 2: Research Methods . 7 2.1 Design Science Research (DSR) . 7 2.1.1 Guideline 1: Design as an Artefact. 9 2.1.2 Guideline 2: Problem Relevance . 9 2.1. 3 Guideline 3: Design Evolution . 9 2.1. 4 Guideline 4: Research Contribution . 9 2.1. 5 Guideline 5: Research Rigor . 9 2.1. 6 Guideline 6: Design as a Search Process. 10 2.1. 7 Guideline 7: Communication of Research . 10 2.2 Action Design Research (ADR) . 10 2.2.1 Stage1: Problem Formation . 11 2.2.2 Stage 2: Building, Intervention and Evaluate . 11 2.2.3 Stage 3: Reflection and Learning . 12 2.2.4 Stage 4: Formalization of Learning . 12 2.3 Elaborated Action Design Research (EADR) . 14 2.4 Framework for Evaluation in DSR (FEDS) . 15 2.4.1 Quick and Simple Strategy . 17 2.4.2 Human Risk & Effectiveness Strategy . 17 2.4.3 Technical Risk & Efficacy Strategy . 17 2.4.4 Purely Technical Strategy . 17 2.5 FEDS Theory Choices . 18 Chapter 3: Application Development Cycles . 19 3.1 Software Development Team . 20 3.2 Software Technologies . 21 3.2.1 Rapid and Agile App Development . 22 3.2.2 Open Source Cross-Platform Development . 22 3.2.3 Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Beanstalk . 23 3.2.4 RESTful API. 23 3.2.5 Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) . 23 3.2. 6 Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) . 24 3.2. 7 Security Controls . 24 3.2. 8 Application Management and System Administration . 24 3.2. 9 Customization for Multiple Firms . 24 3.3 Stakeholder Evaluation used During EADR Cycles . 25 3.4 Application Artefact ADR Cycles . 26 3.4.1 Diagnosis Stage . 28 3.4.1.1 Focus Groups . 30 3.4.1.2 Mobile Acceptance Survey . 31 3.4.2 Design Stage (ALPHA) . 32 3.4.2.1 Focused Survey – Usability . 34 3.4.2.2 System Usability Scale (SUS) . 35 3.4.3 Design Stage (BETA) . 36 3.4.4 Design Improvements Stage . 37 3.4. 5 Evolution Stage . 40 3.4. 6 Surveys and Field Testing . 35 3.4. 7 Implementation Stage . 42 3.4. 8 Evolution Stage . 43 Chapter 4: Artefact Stakeholders . 45 4.1 Developer Stakeholder . 46 4.1.1 Developer Stakeholder Needs . 46 4.1.2 Developer Stakeholder Requirements . 46 4.1. 3 Developer Stakeholder Evaluation Methods & Strategies . 46 4.2 Attorney Stakeholders . 47 4.2.1 Attorney Stakeholder Needs . 47 4.2.2 Attorney Stakeholder Requirements . 48 4.2.3 Attorney Stakeholder Evaluation Methods & Strategies . 48 4.3 User Stakeholders . 48 4.3.1 User Stakeholder Needs . 49 4.3.2 User Stakeholder Requirements . 49 4.3.3 User Stakeholder Evaluation Methods & Strategies . 49 4.4 Summary . 50 Evaluation Roadmap . 50 Chapter 5: Multiple Stakeholder Evaluation and Results . 51 5.1 Developer Stakeholder Evaluation Results . 51 5.1.1 Focus Group Survey Results . 51 5.1.2 Mobile Artefact Acceptance Survey Results . 51 5.1. 3 Focused Survey Results . 52 5.1. 3.1 General Usabilty Results . 55 5.1. 3.2 Efficacy . 56 5.1. 3.3 Efficiency . 56 5.1. 3.4 Functionality . 56 5.1. 4 System Usability Scale (SUS) Results . 57 5.1. 5 FEDS: Technical Risk & Efficiency Results . 58 5.1. 5.1 Focus Group Results . 59 5.1. 5.2 Mobile Acceptance Survey Results . 59 5.1. 5.3 Focused Survey Results.