Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Travel Planning: Searching for and Booking Airline Seats on the Internet

This article is based on a survey of 374 airline passengers sampled at an airport. We examine how travelers search for and then buy airline seats, determine which distribution channel dominates, calculate what percentages of online searches convert to actual bookings on the same website, and report why people switch. We also examine which travelers book, and then rebook airline seats, and why. We then measure the differences in how travelers view several Internet and website issues, the differences between Internet users and nonusers, between business and pleasure travelers, and between men and women. We update the most important reasons for airline choice, in an era when online bookings predominate. Finally, we report our findings (some counterintuitive) and their implications for airlines and third-party websites (online travel agents).
PSO Based Instruction Scheduling for Low Power

Power consumption has become an important issue in embedded system. Reducing the total number of signal transitions during each bus cycle has great effect on power consumption. In this paper, we proposed an instruction scheduling method which is based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm to reduce the signal transitions. We formulate the low-power instruction scheduling problem to the constrained discrete PSO problem. And then we modify the PSO solution to satisfy the path constrained and find the better instruction schedule with litter signal transitions. For more effectively, we also improve the velocity updating formula to get the better result. The main contribution of our paper is that we use the improved PSO algorithm to find the better instructions sequence for low power quickly.
Chinese Text Classification Based on Extended Naïve Bayes Model with Weighed Positive Features

As a simple but efficient classification method, Naive Bayes algorithm has shown its desirable characters in many fields. However, the effect still needs to be improved for applying in practice. In this paper, we construct an extended model with assigning weights to some important features. A method called CF is used to measure the relevance between a feature and a category to make up the deficiency of CHI-Square statistic method. We select best features based on a new proposed method called CHCFW to reinforce the distribution of key features in a document and remove the disturbed features. Compared with the original Naïve Bayes model and other algorithm to assign weight to features, the experiment results show that CHCFW method performs better and more appropriate to larger amounts of training documents.
Differential Fault Attack against Grain Family with Very Few Faults and Minimal Assumptions

The series of published works, related to differential fault attack (DFA) against the Grain family, require quite a large number (hundreds) of faults and also several assumptions on the locations and the timings of the faults injected. In this paper, we present a significantly improved scenario from the adversarial point of view for DFA against the Grain family of stream ciphers. Our model is the most realistic one so far as it considers that the cipher has to be re-keyed only a few times and faults can be injected at any random location and at any random point of time, i.e., no precise control is needed over the location and timing of fault injections. We construct equations based on the algebraic description of the cipher by introducing new variables so that the degrees of the equations do not increase. In line of algebraic cryptanalysis, we accumulate such equations based on the fault-free and faulty key-stream bits and solve them using the SAT Solver Cryptominisat-2.9. 5 installed with SAGE 5.7. In a few minutes we can recover the state of Grain v1, Grain-128 and Grain-128a with as little as 10, 4 and 10 faults respectively.
The interest community mining method of social network based on the weak association rules

The development of Internet and the appearance of the Web2.0 have dramatically changed the communication habits of the people. The network communications based on social relationships and interests are more and more popular. It has great significance for dissemination and utilization of information to research the community structure formed by the user group who uses these communication modes. In this paper, we use a method based on the improvement of the association rules to divide the interest community on the community structure. The experimental results show that the algorithm has high accuracy and can provide the technical foundation for the better use of the social network.
Evaluating the Use of Motes and TinyOS for a Mobile Sensor Platform

Monitoring containers during transport in a secure, tamper resistant, and reliable manner, is the subject of the IBM Secure Trade Lane project (STL). We have evaluated a platform based on motes (i.e. very small computers) and TinyOS as the base for communication in STL. We implemented an IEEE 802.15. 4 full functional device (FFD) MAC layer with beacon support, and we discovered that running this MAC layer was too much for the motes. We saw starvation and we experienced a far too slow data transfer between layers in TinyOS. We tried to overcome the starvation problems by introducing means to limit the high number of timer interrupts required by the MAC layer. Our approach is called Adaptive Timer Resolution, but it did not solve our problems in this case. We concluded that motes and TinyOS are insufficient for the 802.15. 4 FFD MAC layer and that this platform is having problems running applications with a high frequency of interrupts, and still execute useful code in between.Our contributins are the evaluation of the mote platform by pushing it beyond its limits and our timer resolution control mechanism Adaptive Timer Resolution.
The promise and peril of agency as motion: A feminist new materialist approach to sexual violence and sexual harassment

Organizational scholars have established that sexual harassment, the most studied kind of sexual violence, is an organizational problem. Extending this work, we analyze two critical events regarding sexual violence in the United States—one in the military and another at a university—in which discourse detracts from understanding the problem in this way. We draw upon feminist new materialism and its primary method—diffraction—to track ‘cuts’, the practices that simplify and pause agency’s complex, perpetual motions. Our analysis shows that agency moves in discussions about the aftermath of violence. That momentum highlights the organization’s capacity to respond to rape. Even so, during discussions about enacting violence, the perpetual motion of agency congeals around discrete humans, thereby maintaining assault as an individual act. These cuts, whereby agency pauses on individual perpetrators, obscure how organizational dynamics make sexual violence more or less likely to occur. We suggest that a focus on agency’s kinetic qualities can help feminist scholars continue to highlight how the systemic aspects of harassment and other forms of violence become hard to notice.
Decision-making about broad- and narrowcasting: a neuroscientific perspective

ABSTRACT What differentiates sharing with few, well-defined others (narrowcasting) from sharing with loosely defined crowds (broadcasting)? One possibility involves a trade-off where broadcasting is self-focused and self-serving, and narrowcasting is based on other-oriented, altruistic motives. We present neuroimaging data consistent with a second, parallel-processes perspective. According to this account, both narrow- and broadcasting simultaneously involve self-related and social motives since these concepts are strongly intertwined both on a psychological and neural level. We recorded brain activity within regions that are meta-analytically associated with self-related and social cognition while participants made decisions to narrow- or broadcast New York Times articles on social media. Results show increased involvement of brain regions associated with both self-related and social processing in narrow- and broadcasting, compared to a control condition. However, both processes were involved with higher intensity during narrowcasting, compared to broadcasting. These data help to disambiguate a theoretical discussion in communication science and clarify the neuropsychological mechanisms that drive sharing decisions in different contexts. Specifically, we highlight that narrow- and broadcasting afford differing intensities of two psychological processes that are crucial to persuasion and population-level content virality.
Automatic gain control in the bat's sonar receiver and the neuroethology of echolocation

The sensitivity of the echolocating bat, Eptesicus fuscus, to sonar echoes at different time delays after sonar emissions was measured in a two-choice echo detection experiment. Since echo delay is perceptually equivalent to target range, the experiment effectively measured sensitivity to targets at different ranges. The bat's threshold for detecting sonar echoes at a short delay of only 1.0 msec after emissions (corresponding to a range of 17 cm) was 36 dB SPL (peak to peak), but the threshold decreased to 8 dB SPL at a longer delay of 6.4 msec (a range of 1.1 m). Prior research has shown that, at even longer delays (corresponding to ranges of 3 to 5 m), the bat's threshold is in the region of 0 dB SPL. Contractions of the bat's middle ear muscles synchronized with the production of echolocation sounds cause a transient loss in hearing sensitivity which appears to account for the observed echo detection threshold shifts. The bat's echo detection thresholds increase by approximately 11 dB for each reduction in target range by a factor of 2 over the span from 17 cm to 1.1 m. As range shortens, the amplitude of echoes from small targets also increases, by 12 dB for each 2-fold reduction in range. Thus, when approaching a target, the bat compensates for changes in echo strength as target range shortens by changing its hearing threshold. Since this compensation appears to occur in the middle ear, the bat regulates echoes reaching the cochlea to a stable amplitude during its approach to a target such as a flying insect. In addition to this automatic gain control linked to target range, the bat aims its head to track a target's position during approach, thus stabilizing echo amplitude even if the target's direction changes. We hypothesize that the bat's directional emissions, directional hearing, middle ear muscle contractions, and head aim response collectively create a three- dimensional spatial tracking filter which the bat locks onto targets to stabilize echo amplitudes during interception of prey. We further hypothesize that this regulation, which cancels echo amplitude changes caused by the target's changing spatial position, leaves the bat free to observe echo amplitude changes caused by the target's own actions, such as insect wing beats. Elimination of spatially dependent echo amplitude changes removes the cause of potentially troublesome changes in neural response latency and keeps stimulation from echoes in the “tip” region of auditory nerve fiber tuning curves. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Visualization of Discussion Structure for Discovering and Understanding Discussion Points

Naohiro Matsumura*1*2 Yu Kato*3 Yukio Ohsawa*1*4 Mitsuru Ishizuka*3 *1 Japan Science and Technology, PRESTO, 2-2-11-906 Tsutsujigaoka, Miyaginoku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-0852 Japan *2 Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656 Japan *3 Graduate School of Information Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8656 Japan *4 Graduate School of Business Science, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 112-0012 Japan
PAPR reduction technique on wavelet based OFDM system by employing multi-level wavelet transform

Wavelet based OFDM has an upper edge over Fast Fourier transform (FFT) based OFDM in terms of orthogonality and bandwidth usage. Though these qualities are an advantage, the fluctuations in input signal's envelope cause a hike in Peak to Average Power ratio (PAPR). To tackle this problem we make use of PAPR reduction techniques in wavelet based OFDM. The results are analyzed using clipping, companding, double companding and hybrid techniques. Better results have been found using these techniques compared to simple FFT and wavelet based OFDM.
Development of a Bio-Inspired Wrist Prosthesis

This paper presents a novel mechanical design of a 3-DOF wrist prosthesis. Mimicking biological solutions from the human arm anatomy, the wrist prosthesis is designed to have a parallel structure and is cable-driven. This results in a much lighter prosthesis, with higher loading capacity as compared to a rigid-linked, serial structured design. Based on the wrist joint capabilities, this paper focuses on the cable tension, stiffness and workspace analyses. This is to develop a comprehensive framework to optimize the wrist prosthesis design. Finally, a prototype is fabricated based on the optimization results
A transiting planet among 23 new near-threshold candidates from the OGLE survey - OGLE-TR-182

By re-processing the data of the second season of the OGLE survey for planetary transits and adding new mesurements on the same fields gathered in subsequent years with the OGLE telescope, we have identified 23 new transit candidates, recorded as OGLE-TR-178 to OGLE-TR-200. We studied the nature of these objects with the FLAMES/UVES multi-fiber spectrograph on the VLT. One of the candidates, OGLE-TR-182, was confirmed as a transiting gas giant planet on a 4-day orbit. We characterised it with further observations using the FORS1 camera and UVES spectrograph on the VLT. OGLE-TR-182b is a typical “hot Jupiter” with an orbital period of 3.98 days, a mass of $1.01 \pm 0.15~M_{\rm Jup}$ and a radius of 1.13$^{+0.24}_{-0.08}~R_{\rm Jup}$. Confirming this transiting planet required a large investment in telescope time with the best instruments available, and we comment on the difficulty of the confirmation process for transiting planets in the OGLE survey. We delineate the zone were confirmation is difficult or impossible, and discuss the implications for the CoRoT space mission in its quest for transiting telluric planets.
DOUBLE QUASARS: PROBES OF BLACK HOLE SCALING RELATIONSHIPS AND MERGER SCENARIOS

We analyze the available sample of double quasars, and investigate their physical properties. Our sample comprises 85 pairs, selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We derive physical parameters for the engine and the host, and model the dynamical evolution of the pair. First, we compare different scaling relationships between massive black holes and their hosts (bulge mass, velocity dispersion, and their possible redshift dependences), and discuss their consistency. We then compute dynamical friction timescales for the double quasar systems to investigate their frequency and their agreement with the “merger driven” scenario for quasar triggering. In optical surveys, such as the SDSS, Ndouble,qso/Nqso ≈ 0.1%. Comparing typical merging timescales to expected quasar lifetimes, the fraction of double quasars should be roughly a factor of 10 larger than observed. Additionally, we find that, depending on the correlations between black holes and their hosts, the occurrence of double quasars could be redshift dependent. Comparison of our models to the SDSS quasar catalog suggests that double quasars should be more common at high redshift. We compare the typical separations at which double quasars are observed to the predictions of merger simulations. We find that the distribution of physical separations peaks at ∼30 kpc, with a tail at larger separations (∼100–200 kpc). The peak of the distribution is roughly consistent with the first episode of quasar activity found in equal mass mergers simulations. The tail of the quasar pairs distribution at large separations is instead inconsistent with any quasar activity predicted by published simulations. These large separation pairs are instead consistent with unequal mass mergers where gas is dynamically perturbed during the first pericentric passage, but the gas reaches the black hole only at the next apocenter, where the pair is observed.
Photovoltaic module simulator implemented in SPICE and Simulink

A photovoltaic (PV) module simulator was developed based on an equivalent circuit with one-diode, taking into account variations of the solar irradiation and the temperature. The parameter estimation was carried out using the datasheet values provided by manufacturers and by solving a system of equations established from the physics of solar cells that constitute the photovoltaic module. The simulator was programmed using SPICE and Matlab/Simulink, for generating the I-V and P-V output curves of typical PV modules at different operating conditions. With these tools we can simulate the behavior of PV systems under real operating conditions, and we can also develop and test maximum power tracking algorithms for any PV module.
Deep Web Classification based on Domain Feature Text

Deep web provides tremendous structured data with high quality. In order to retrieve deep web data, one important task is to classify the domains of deep web automatically. In this paper, an approach based on domain feature text (DFT) is presented to classify the deep web. In the phase of DFT selection, a semantic abstract method based on ontology knowledge and a quantitative criteria for DFT selection based on domain correlation is proposed, which enhances the representational ability of DFT and avoids the subjectivity and uncertainty of manual selection as well. In the process of the interface vector construction, an improved weighting method is given to evaluate the different roles of DFT. Finally, a KNN algorithm is used to classify these interface vectors. Experiments on 160 query interfaces in 4 typical domains demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Identification of Binary Cellular Automata from Spatio-Temporal Binary Patterns Using a Fourier Representation

The identification of binary cellular automata from spatio-temporal binary patterns is investigated in this paper. Instead of using the usual Boolean or multilinear polynomial representation, the Fourier transform representation of Boolean functions is employed in terms of a Fourier basis. In this way, the orthogonal forward regression least-squares algorithm can be applied directly to detect the significant terms and to estimate the associated parameters. Compared with conventional methods, the new approach is much more robust to noise. Examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Emodin potentiates the antiproliferative effect of interferon α/β by activation of JAK/STAT pathway signaling through inhibition of the 26S proteasome

The 26S proteasome is a negative regulator of type I interferon (IFN-α/β) signaling. Inhibition of the 26S proteasome by small molecules may be a new strategy to enhance the efficacy of type I IFNs and reduce their side effects. Using cell-based screening assay for new 26S proteasome inhibitors, we found that emodin, a natural anthraquinone, was a potent inhibitor of the human 26S proteasome. Emodin preferably inhibited the caspase-like and chymotrypsin-like activities of the human 26S proteasome and increased the ubiquitination of endogenous proteins in cells. Computational modeling showed that emodin exhibited an orientation/conformation favorable to nucleophilic attack in the active pocket of the β1, β2, and β5 subunits of the 26S proteasome. Emodin increased phosphorylation of STAT1, decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 and increased endogenous gene expression stimulated by IFN-α. Emodin inhibited IFN-α-stimulated ubiquitination and degradation of type I interferon receptor 1 (IFNAR1). Emodin also sensitized the antiproliferative effect of IFN-α in HeLa cervical carcinoma cells and reduced tumor growth in Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma-bearing mice. These results suggest that emodin potentiates the antiproliferative effect of IFN-α by activation of JAK/STAT pathway signaling through inhibition of 26S proteasome-stimulated IFNAR1 degradation. Therefore, emodin warrants further investigation as a new means to enhance the efficacy of IFN-α/β.
Different Mi-2 Complexes for Various Developmental Functions in Caenorhabditis elegans

Biochemical purifications from mammalian cells and Xenopus oocytes revealed that vertebrate Mi-2 proteins reside in multisubunit NuRD (Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase) complexes. Since all NuRD subunits are highly conserved in the genomes of C. elegans and Drosophila, it was suggested that NuRD complexes also exist in invertebrates. Recently, a novel dMec complex, composed of dMi-2 and dMEP-1 was identified in Drosophila. The genome of C. elegans encodes two highly homologous Mi-2 orthologues, LET-418 and CHD-3. Here we demonstrate that these proteins define at least three different protein complexes, two distinct NuRD complexes and one MEC complex. The two canonical NuRD complexes share the same core subunits HDA-1/HDAC, LIN-53/RbAp and LIN-40/MTA, but differ in their Mi-2 orthologues LET-418 or CHD-3. LET-418 but not CHD-3, interacts with the Krüppel-like protein MEP-1 in a distinct complex, the MEC complex. Based on microarrays analyses, we propose that MEC constitutes an important LET-418 containing regulatory complex during C. elegans embryonic and early larval development. It is required for the repression of germline potential in somatic cells and acts when blastomeres are still dividing and differentiating. The two NuRD complexes may not be important for the early development, but may act later during postembryonic development. Altogether, our data suggest a considerable complexity in the composition, the developmental function and the tissue-specificity of the different C. elegans Mi-2 complexes.
A novel propeller-type climbing robot for vessels inspection

This paper is proposing and designing a novel propeller-type climbing robot for exploring the interiors of industrial vessels and enables a human outside it to implement required regular inspection tasks efficiently. There are two main adhesion systems in the literature: magnetic and air suction systems. The magnetic system climbs surfaces made of ferromagnetic materials only, while air suction system can handle neither irregular surfaces due to possible seal damage nor cylindrical surfaces. Opposite to previous climbing robots, the proposed robot here can climb and navigate vessels made from different materials besides handling possible irregular or cylindrical surfaces. Its main task is visual inspection of welds and any critical spots inside these vessels. The novelty of this robot comes from utilizing a hybrid actuation system consists of upturned propellers fixed on mobile robot with motorized wheels. The pressure generated from the upturned propellers increases the friction force between the wheels of the mobile robot and the wall. The wheels' motors generate the required torque either to fix the robot at any position or to move it to any place. Since the motion of the robot comes mainly from the motorized wheel, the stability of the system during navigation is guaranteed. Simulation and control results of the designed robot using ADAMS and Matlab softwares prove the success and feasibility of the robot concept.