Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in septic patients with and without acute kidney injury

Abstract Introduction: Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) is a rapidly emerging biomarker for early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of the early uNGAL in patients with AKI induced by sepsis. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed the case records of 126 septic patients with and without AKI and evaluated the uNGAL for early prediction and risk stratification of septic patients with AKI. Results: Of 126 patients analyzed, 58 (46%) developed septic AKI. Men comprised more than half (68%) of the sample population, the mean age (SD) was 57 years. The prognostic accuracy of uNGAL, as quantified by the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AU-ROC), was highest with peak uNGAL (AU-ROC: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93), as compared with the admission uNGAL (AU-ROC: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.73–0.89). The peak uNGAL correlated with the levels of peak blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.674) and serum creatinine (r = 0.608), the length of hospital stay (r = 0.602) and weakly correlated with the number of hemodialysis sessions that each patient received during hospital stay (r = 0.405). By multivariate analysis, increased peak uNGAL remained independently associated with the development of septic AKI (odds ratio: 32.12; 95% CI: 6.21–90.37; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: uNGAL is independently associated with subsequent AKI among patients with sepsis.
Emotional Speech: A Spectral Analysis

Feature extraction and dimensionality reduction may be found as the most imperative parts of emotional speech recognition problem. In this work, we propose a new set of speech features based on the distribution of energy in frequency domain. To investigate the applicability of the proposed model, we have set the first international audio/visual emotion challenge (AVEC 2011) as a benchmark. As for the modeling and dimensionality reduction, we have employed the lasso. It is shown how 15 explicit spectral energy features, as suggested in this work, can lead to a more accurate model than those of the participants in the audio sub-challenge. This is while this number of features is less than ten percent of the smallest set of features in the challenge.
Azacitidine-induced acute lung injury in a patient with therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome

Azacitidine is a first-in-class demethylating agent, and it is widely used globally as a first-line treatment for higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Here, we report the case of a patient with MDS who suffered from a rare adverse event, an acute lung injury (ALI), which was suspected to have been caused by azacitidine and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. As it is a rare, but critical, adverse event, clinicians should consider ALI as one of the differential diagnoses in cases where 1) pneumonia and fever of unknown etiology arise in MDS patients treated with azacitidine, 2) antimicrobial agents are not effective, and 3) microbiological tests produce negative results.
Evaluation of Northern Hemisphere and regional snow extent products within ESA SnowPEx-project

The major results and findings made during the ESA SnowPEx project concerning the evaluation of the Earth Observation-based moderate resolution snow products is presented. Both the Northern Hemisphere (NH) Snow Extent (SE) daily products as well a few regionally available products by different data providers are addressed. Comparison against daily at-ground observed Snow Depth is made, after first converting all the snow products and the in-situ observations to binary ‘snow/no-snow’ information. We first introduce the datasets employed in the analyses, then describe the applied methodology and finally present the major findings obtained.
Di(cid:11)usion{Snakes Using Statisti al Shape Knowledge

Abstra t. We present a novel extension of the Mumford{Shah fun - tional that allows to in orporate statisti al shape knowledge at the om-putational level of image segmentation. Our approa h exhibits various favorable properties: non{lo al onvergen e, robustness against noise, and the ability to take into onsideration both shape eviden e in given image data and knowledge about learned shapes. In parti ular, the latter property distinguishes our approa h from previous work on ontour{evolution based image segmentation. Experimental results on(cid:12)rm these properties.
Mastoid Obliteration: Autogenous Cranial Bone pÂte Reconstruction

Objective To review the outcome in consecutive patients who have undergone complete epitympanic and mastoid obliteration and concurrent tympanic membrane reconstruction over a 53-month period. Study Design Retrospective review. Setting Tertiary referral center. Patients Sixty-two ears in 56 sequential patients undergoing mastoid obliteration with major indications including recurrent infection, debris trapping in the canal wall-down cavity, intolerance of water exposure, calorically induced vertigo in an existing cavity, a semicircular canal fistula, and inability to wear a hearing device. Thirty-six ears in 33 patients who underwent second-stage surgery for ossicular reconstruction during the same time period are also reviewed. Intervention Transplanted autogenous cranial bone is used to induce osteoneogenesis resulting in complete obliteration of the epitympanic and mastoid spaces while maintaining a mesotympanic space. Main Outcome Measures Success of obliteration, incidence of symptoms prompting intervention, hearing outcome, incidence of recurrent cholesteatoma, and incidence of eustachian tube dysfunction necessitating treatment and need for revision surgical procedures. Results Complete take of the bony obliteration occurs in over 95% of cases; 90% of treated patients enjoy complete absence of original symptoms, whereas symptoms improved in the remainder. For over 95% of patients, existing eustachian tube function has been adequate after obliteration. To date, no patient has required revision surgical intervention. Conclusion Mastoid obliteration with autogenous cranial bone is a safe and extremely effective option for treatment of problematic canal wall-down mastoid cavities. Surgical techniques that include sterile harvest of the cranial bone graft mixed with antibiotic, revision of the cavity to expose viable native bone, inclusion of the epitympanic spaces in the obliteration, and complete coverage of the pÂte with autogenous fascia have proven critical to successful outcome.
Speaking in the claustrum: the psychodynamics of stuttering.

The author outlines the psychoanalytic theory of stuttering and, discussing material from the analysis of a stutterer and its transference and countertransference processes, puts forward a new hypothesis of the psychodynamics of stuttering in conjunction with Meltzer's theory of the claustrum. He argues that the stutterer is working out intolerable experiences of separation from the primary object and a resulting catastrophic experience of the oedipal situation through an unconscious fantasy in which anal qualities are conferred on the internal maternal object by a predominating hatred. The intrusive identification of parts of the self in the maternal rectum gives rise to a claustrophobic experiential world in which all obstacles that are encountered between self and object must be eliminated. The anal-sadistic object space of the claustrum is projected on to the external object space and thus also on to the mouth as the origin of the sound envelope, where it produces both a lifeless sound envelope and a torn content, i.e. stuttered sounds, words and sentences. Correspondingly, a dead speech melody and broken words have their parallels in object relations that are characterised by an attack on linking and by psychic withdrawal.
NEUROFORM IN‐STENT STENOSIS: INCIDENCE, NATURAL HISTORY AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES

OBJECTIVEDelayed in-stent stenosis is an important and well characterized complication of angioplasty and stenting for the treatment of intra- and extra-cranial atheromatous disease. The current series describes the incidence and natural history of in-stent stenosis following the deployment of the Neuroform stent within the cerebrovasculature for the treatment of aneurysms. METHODSThe collaborative CCF-BNI endovascular database was reviewed to identify cases of delayed moderate or severe in-stent stenosis observed during the follow up of cerebral aneurysms treated with the Neuroform stent. The hospital charts, clinic records and operative reports for these patients were reviewed. RESULTSOut of a total of 156 patients with follow up, 9 cases of moderate or severe delayed (>2 mo) in-stent stenosis were identified (5.8%), including two parent vessel occlusions. In two cases, patients presented three months after stent-supported aneurysm embolization with focal neurological symptoms. Both of these patients were treated with angioplasty. One eventually required surgical bypass. Of the seven asymptomatic patients, three demonstrated some degree of spontaneous resolution at follow up, one progressed to complete occlusion, two are awaiting further follow-up and one patient died of unrelated causes. Of the 9 patients in the series, 5 were treated with “bioactive” coils (Matrix, Hydrocoil, Cerecyte), 3 were treated with bare platinum coils and 1 was treated with stenting alone. The earliest time interval to diagnosis was 2.5 months and 3 months for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, respectively. The earliest interval documented for spontaneous resolution was 9 months. CONCLUSIONDelayed Neuroform in-stent stenosis is not a rare phenomenon, occurring in 5.8% of cases. The stenosis can be symptomatic and may require endovascular treatment or surgical bypass. In asymptomatic patients, a strategy of “watchful waiting” may be effective, as many patients may demonstrate partial or complete resolution at follow up. The spontaneous resolution of delayed in-stent stenosis has not been previously described. This may be a phenomenon unique to the application of low radial force, self-expanding stents within the non-atheromatous cerebrovasculature.
Catheter ablation

Catheter ablation is gaining increasing interest for the therapy of symptomatic, sustained arrhythmias of various origins. The scope of this review is to give an overview of the biophysical aspects and major characteristics of some of the most widely used energy sources in catheter ablation, eg, the discharge of conventional defibrillators, modified defibrillators, laser light, and radiofrequency current application. Results from animal studies are considered to explain the basic mechanisms of catheter ablation. The recent achievements with the use of radiofrequency current to modify or ablate cardiac conduction properties are outlined in more detail.
On Transmit Diversity for Spatial Modulation MIMO: Impact of Spatial Constellation Diagram and Shaping Filters at the Transmitter

In this paper, we contribute to the theoretical understanding, analysis, and design of spatial modulation multiple-input-multiple-output (SM-MIMO) systems for transmit diversity without channel state information at the transmitter. The contribution is threefold: 1) The achievable transmit diversity of SM-MIMO is analytically studied by analyzing the impact of various design parameters, notably spatial constellation diagram and shaping filters at the transmitter; 2) the design of SM-MIMO providing transmit diversity and maximum-likelihood (ML) optimum single-stream decoding is investigated; and 3) via Monte Carlo simulations, a comprehensive performance assessment of SM-MIMO against state-of-the-art MIMO (e.g., spatial multiplexing, orthogonal space-time block codes, Golden code, and double space-time transmit diversity) is conducted. It is shown that, for many system setups, a properly designed SM-MIMO outperforms, with lower decoding complexity, state-of-the-art MIMO. In particular, SM-MIMO is particularly useful in the downlink, where many antenna elements (with only few of them active) are available at the transmitter, and few antenna elements are available at the receiver.
EYE TRACKING IN A COTS PC-BASED DRIVING SIMULATOR : IMPLEMENTATION AND APPLICATIONS

An eye tracker has been integrated with the NADS MiniSim, a COTS PC-based driving simulator based on the large motion-based NADS-1. This work was motivated by increasing use of eye tracker data for both research and safety system simulation. Two new capabilities have been developed for the MiniSim. A gaze marker provides instantaneous feedback of the driver’s gaze location on the visual display. Also, dynamic scenario triggers may be added to begin events when the driver’s glance leaves the front scene. Meanwhile, eye-based algorithms have been developed for NADS studies; and one such algorithm has been ported to the MiniSim platform. These new capabilities broaden the utility of the MiniSim as a research platform. Additionally, they provide tools with which to creatively provide feedback to the driver/trainer both during and after a training scenario.
Graphes et langages : une approche métrique

Cette these presente un point de vue categorique des systemes de transitions et illustre sa pertinence par des applications en theorie des graphes. Ce point de vue consiste, d'apres m. Pouzet et i. Rosenberg a considerer un systeme de transitions comme une sorte d'espace metrique; la distance entre deux etats etant, non pas un nombre, mais le langage accepte par l'automate constitue du systeme de transitions et de ces deux etats comme etats initiaux et finaux. Par exemple, voyant un graphe comme un systeme de transitions sur l'alphabet a deux lettres a et b muni de l'involution echangeant a et b, on retrouve la distance zigzag introduite par quilliot en 1983 pour les graphes. Si on ordonne les langages par l'ordre inverse de l'inclusion, alors les morphismes de systeme de transitions deviennent des applications contractantes; ainsi les idees issues de l'abondante etude des contractions d'espaces metriques peuvent etre appliquees aux systemes de transitions. Considerant des systemes de transitions involutifs nous decrivons les langages acceptes; notre description utilise un ordre sous les mots qui peut se definir a partir d'une regle de reecriture possedant la propriete de church-rosser. Nous en tirons une caracterisation des retractes absolus parmi ces systemes, semblable a celle obtenue par aronszajn et panichpakdi en 1956 pour les espaces metrique. Comme application nous obtenons, en collaboration avec h. -j. Bandelt et m. Pouzet, que la classe des graphes antisymetriques est la plus large classe de graphes ayant les retractes de produits de zigzags (reflexifs et antisymetriques) comme retractes absolus
Modelagem matemática & resolução de problemas, projetos e etnomatemática: pontos confluentes

Neste artigo apresentam-se os pontos confluentes entre as vertentes: Modelagem Matematica, Resolucao de Problema, Projeto e Etnomatematica, como metodos de pesquisa e de ensino de matematica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, pois as fontes sao publicacoes de autores reconhecidos e referenciados em varias producoes academicas. A pesquisa mostrou que ha elementos que ligam estruturalmente esses metodos, no ‘querer saber’ – metodo de pesquisa. Como a Educacao deve promover conhecimento, instigar o ‘querer saber’, na disciplina de Matematica ou de Ciencias, orienta-se a um desses metodos no ‘querer ensinar’, pois, em cada um deles, requer do estudante: conhecimento do tema relativo a situacao-problema e do conteudo (matematico ou ciencias) que pode levar a solucao; metodo nas fases a percorrer; instrumentos tecnologicos para dar suporte a solucao dos dados; estetica na expressao que permita a outrem compreender; e etica na comunicacao das ideias resultantes.
Genome typing of mouse adenoviruses

Restriction endonuclease cleavage site analysis was used to differentiate between mouse adenovirus (MAV) types 1 and 2 strains. Viral DNA of suitable purity and quantity for multiple enzymatic digestions was obtained from cloned CMT-93 mouse tumor cells infected with each type of MAV. Clear differences between the MAV-1 (FL) and MAV-2 (K87) genomes were observed after cleavage with restriction enzymes such as BglII, EcoRI, and PaeR7. Fast electrophoresis of DNA fragments in miniature agarose slab gels allowed rapid and unequivocal identification of the MAV strains. This relatively simple and accurate method should be quite useful to determine the different modes of transmission of mouse adenoviruses and their presence in various animal populations.
Decreased nuclear β‐catenin, tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration in GSK‐3β conditional transgenic mice

Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) has been postulated to mediate Alzheimer's disease tau hyperphosphorylation, β‐amyloid‐induced neurotoxicity and presenilin‐1 mutation pathogenic effects. By using the tet‐regulated system we have produced conditional transgenic mice overexpressing GSK‐3β in the brain during adulthood while avoiding perinatal lethality due to embryonic transgene expression. These mice show decreased levels of nuclear β‐catenin and hyperphosphorylation of tau in hippocampal neurons, the latter resulting in pretangle‐like somatodendritic localization of tau. Neurons displaying somatodendritic localization of tau often show abnormal morphologies and detachment from the surrounding neuropil. Reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis were also indicative of neuronal stress and death. This was further confirmed by TUNEL and cleaved caspase‐3 immunostaining of dentate gyrus granule cells. Our results demonstrate that in vivo overexpression of GSK‐3β results in neurodegeneration and suggest that these mice can be used as an animal model to study the relevance of GSK‐3β deregulation to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
Acute and Chronic Animal Models for Excessive Dermal Scarring: Quantitative Studies

&NA; Excessive scarring in the form of keloids and hypertrophic scars continues to be a clinical problem for some patients. The lack of an animal model for such scarring has been an obstacle to studying the cellular and molecular biology of these entities. Previous observations made by the authors that some surgical scars in the rabbit ear remain raised for months after wounding prompted us to investigate whether the rabbit ear might provide a model by which to study excessive dermal scarring. After establishing the model in preliminary study, 40 excisional wounds, 6 mm in diameter, were created over the ventral surface of rabbit ears. Elevated scars were treated with either intralesional triamcinolone acetonide or saline at day 16 postwounding. On day 22, 25 scar wounds were used for thorough histomorphometric analysis, 15 wounds were eliminated prior to analysis because of invagination of epithelial tissue, which made analysis difficult. Total area of scar and Hypertrophic Index, a ratio comparing scar prominence with the thickness of adjacent unwounded tissue, were measured for 25 (62 percent) of the resulting scars. Both total area of scar and Hypertrophic Index were found to be significantly decreased in the steroid‐treated group (p < 0.02 and < 0.03, respectively). In a chronic form of this model, in which larger excisions were taken, an excessive accumulation of both new collagen and cartilage over 9 months was observed. An animal model for excessive dermal scarring that allows quantitation of scar formation and, at an early stage, can be modulated in a predictable way with intralesional corticosteroid treatment is presented. This model may parallel hypertrophic scarring in humans and thus might provide a tool by which to study its pathophysiology and objectively evaluate therapeutic modalities. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 100: 674, 1997.)
Epigenetics and Cancer: Altered Chromatin Remodeling via Snf5 Loss Leads to Aberrant Cell Cycle Regulation

The term ‘epigenetics’ refers to heritable changes in gene function that occur in theabsence of any change in DNA sequence. Perturbations of epigenetic gene regulation mayplay a critical role in the genesis of most, if not all, cancers. These alterations include changesin covalent modifications of DNA and histones as well as non-covalent changes in nucleosomepositioning. Covalent epigenetic modifications have been the main focus of cancerinvestigation, perhaps because they are more readily assayed and understood than noncovalentmodifications. Recently, evidence has emerged demonstrating that perturbation ofcomplexes that remodel the structure of chromatin by mobilizing nucleosomes may have a keyrole in tumor suppression and oncogenic transformation. For example, Snf5(Ini1/Baf47/Smarcb1), a core component of the Swi/Snf ATPase chromatin remodelingcomplex, is a potent tumor suppressor that is specifically inactivated in lethal childhoodcancers. Notably, these cancers may serve as a paradigm for epigenetic cancers as, despitetheir extremely aggressive nature, the majority have an entirely normal karyotype with onlymicrodeletions at the Snf5 locus. Recent investigations have shed light upon the mechanisticbasis of Snf5 function by demonstrating that Snf5 and the Swi/Snf complex regulate the cellcycle and cooperate with p53 to prevent oncogenic transformation.
ymenobacter perfusus sp . nov . , Hymenobacter flocculans sp . nov . and ymenobacter metalli sp . nov . three new species isolated from an uranium mine aste water treatment system

Three red–pink pigmented strains, designated A1-12T, A2-50AT and A2-91T, were recovered from two different sites in a uranium mine. For all strains, the optimum growth temperature was 25 ◦C, the optimum pH was 6.0–6.5 and the DNA G+C contents were between 60 and 63.4 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the fatty acid profiles contained isoand anteiso-branched C15 fatty acids, summed feature 3 (16:1 ω6c and/or ω7c and/or 15:0 iso 2-OH), summed feature 4 (17:1 anteiso B and/or iso I) and the unsaturated fatty acid 16:1 ω5c as the major components. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these organisms represented three distinct branches within the family Flexibacteraceae most closely related to the members of the genus Hymenobacter. Strain A1-12T formed a distinct phylogenetic line along with H. rigui KCTC 12533T and they shared approximately 98.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. However, these two strains shared only 14.7% pairwise similarity in T T their genomic DNA. Strains A2-50A and A2-91 formed two distinct lineages, related to the species H. soli KCTC 12607T, sharing about 95.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between themselves, and 88.3 and 92.0% with other members of the genus Hymenobacter. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics, these isolates were considered to represent three novel species for which we propose the names Hymenobacter perfusus for strain A1-12T (=CIP 110166 = LMG