Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of remifentanil on incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a university hospital-based ambulatory surgery center: a retrospective observation study

Background Ambulatory surgery, including short-stay surgery, has become a common choice in clinical practice. For the success of ambulatory surgery, perioperative care with safe and effective anesthesia and postoperative analgesia, which can reduce the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), is essential. The effect of remifentanil on the occurrence and severity of PONV has not been thoroughly examined, particularly, in an ambulatory surgery setting. Here, we investigate whether remifentanil influences the occurrence and severity of PONV in a university hospital-based ambulatory unit. Methods We retrospectively analyzed a total of 1,765 cases of patients who had undergone general anesthesia at our ambulatory surgery unit. Parameters, such as occurrence and severity of nausea, vomiting or retching, use of antiemetic drugs, amount of postoperative analgesic and patient satisfaction, were extracted from the records and analyzed between the groups that received and not received remifentanil. Results Within 565 patients of the RF group, 39 patients (6.6%) experienced nausea, 7 patients (1.2%) experienced vomiting or retching, and 10 patients (1.8%) were given antiemetic; in addition, the maximum VAS value for nausea was 12.1 mm. In 1,200 patients of the non RF group, 102 patients (8.5%) experienced nausea, 19 patients (1.6%) experienced vomiting or retching, and 34 patients (2.8%) were given antiemetic, and the maximum VAS value was 13.2 mm. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions Our results indicate that remifentanil did not increase the occurrence of PONV in patients within the ambulatory surgery unit.
Rethinking paradigms of service

It is now possible to deliver service in a virtual environment with little or no human interaction. This environment offers the opportunity of new ways of delivering service. This paper examines some of the existing theories of service quality and service management in the context of new Web‐based environment. It draws on field research involving empirical measurement of service levels. Two existing theories are re‐examined, the concept that automation leads to mediation between the customer and the service organisation – the “buffered core”, and the dimensions of service quality. In both cases the capabilities of the Web, and the removal of direct human interaction give cause for rethinking. The research leads to the view that the Web, rather than providing mediation, can provide direction connection between the customer and the service organisation. In addition, the accepted dimensions of customer service do not always fit the actual dimensions for service on the Web. Finally, this paper proposes an empirically‐based model that is based on the proposition that developing service in a virtual environment is sequence dependent. This “sand cone” model is illustrated with an example from the research.
Mid-Miocene record of large-scale Snake River–type explosive volcanism and associated subsidence on the Yellowstone hotspot track: The Cassia Formation of Idaho, USA

The 1.95-km-thick Cassia Formation, defined in the Cassia Hills at the southern margin of the Snake River Plain, Idaho, consists of 12 refined and newly described rhyolitic members, each with distinctive field, geochemical, mineralogical, geochronological, and paleomagnetic characteristics. It records voluminous high-temperature, Snake River−type explosive eruptions between ca. 11.3 Ma and ca. 8.1 Ma that emplaced intensely welded rheomorphic ignimbrites and associated ash-fall layers. One ignimbrite records the ca. 8.1 Ma Castleford Crossing eruption, which was of supereruption magnitude (∼1900 km 3 ). It correlates regionally and exceeds 1.35 km thickness within a subsided, proximal caldera-like depocenter. Major- and trace-element data define three successive temporal trends toward less-evolved rhyolitic compositions, separated by abrupt returns to more-evolved compositions. These cycles are thought to reflect increasing mantle-derived basaltic intraplating and hybridization of a midcrustal region, coupled with shallower fractionation in upper-crustal magma reservoirs. The onset of each new cycle is thought to record renewed intraplating at an adjacent region of crust, possibly as the North American plate migrated westward over the Yellowstone hotspot. A regional NE-trending monocline, here termed the Cassia monocline, was formed by synvolcanic deformation and subsidence of the intracontinental Snake River basin. Its structural and topographic evolution is reconstructed using thickness variations, offlap relations, and rheomorphic transport indicators in the successive dated ignimbrites. The subsidence is thought to have occurred in response to incremental loading and modification of the crust by the mantle-derived basaltic magmas. During this time, the area also underwent NW-trending faulting related to opening of the western Snake River rift and E-W Basin and Range extension. The large eruptions probably had different source locations, all within the subsiding basin. The proximal Miocene topography was thus in marked contrast to the more elevated present-day Yellowstone plateau.
Determinants of Interaction Specificity of the Bacillus subtilis GlcT Antitermination Protein

Background: The distinct proteins enzyme II and HPr phosphorylate the duplicated regulatory domains of the antitermination protein GlcT. Results: HPr phosphorylates PRD2 much more readily than PRD1. Transposing the positions of PRD1 and PRD2 in GlcT can reverse this preference. Conclusion: Steric/positional factors are largely responsible for phosphorylation specificity. Significance: The conserved domain organization is crucial to achieve the desired control of GlcT activity. The control of several catabolic operons in bacteria by transcription antitermination is mediated by RNA-binding proteins that consist of an RNA-binding domain and two reiterated phosphotransferase system regulation domains (PRDs). The Bacillus subtilis GlcT antitermination protein regulates the expression of the ptsG gene, encoding the glucose-specific enzyme II of the phosphotransferase system. In the absence of glucose, GlcT becomes inactivated by enzyme II-dependent phosphorylation at its PRD1, whereas the phosphotransferase HPr phosphorylates PRD2. However, here we demonstrate by NMR analysis and mass spectrometry that HPr also phosphorylates PRD1 in vitro but with low efficiency. Size exclusion chromatography revealed that non-phosphorylated PRD1 forms dimers that dissociate upon phosphorylation. The effect of HPr on PRD1 was also investigated in vivo. For this purpose, we used GlcT variants with altered domain arrangements or domain deletions. Our results demonstrate that HPr can target PRD1 when this domain is placed at the C terminus of the protein. In agreement with the in vitro data, HPr exerts a negative control on PRD1. This work provides the first insights into how specificity is achieved in a regulator that contains duplicated regulatory domains with distinct dimerization properties that are controlled by phosphorylation by different phosphate donors. Moreover, the results suggest that the domain arrangement of the PRD-containing antitermination proteins is under selective pressure to ensure the proper regulatory output, i.e. transcription antitermination of the target genes specifically in the presence of the corresponding sugar.
Are you a Maverick? Towards a Segmentation of Collaboration Technology Users

Collaboration technologies are heavily used in organizations enabling employees to communicate, cooperate, and collaborate with each other. There exist much research investigating why different people are using different kinds of collaboration technologies, but some of the research results on technology acceptance are contradictious. A reason for these inconsistent results may be unobserved heterogeneity. Aiming to understand the heterogeneity, the presented research-in-progress discusses the examination of collaboration technology user segments. By applying the finite mixture partial least squares (FIMIX-PLS) approach, we aim to provide a differentiated picture of factors affecting individuals in their acceptance of collaboration technologies. Our preliminary results indicate that the aggregated model basing on the four identified segments provides more explanations than the global research model. Our overall research contributes to existing research, since we characterize different users groups and thus, improve interpretability of collaboration technology acceptance.
A Space Vector based PWM scheme for a four level inverter using open end winding induction motor

A simple algorithm for 4-level inverter based on Space Vector PWM scheme is proposed. 4-level inversion is achieved by connecting a 3-level inverter and a 2-level inverter in open-end winding configuration. 3-level inverter is realized by cascaded connection of two 2-level inverters. The 3-level inverter is used to realize the sub hexagon center vector and 2-level inverter is used to realize the PWM signal. The individual inverters are fed with symmetric DC link voltages. The proposed scheme does not use sector identification method to find the sub hexagon, which encloses the tip of the reference space vector. When the inverter is in 3-level operation, the sub hexagon centers are directly identified from the instantaneous amplitude of the 3-phase reference sinusoid. The generated sub hexagon centers for 3-level operation are used to find the sub hexagon centers for 4-level operation. The scheme is implemented and tested with a 2-HP induction motor drive. Experimental results are presented, including operation in over modulation region.
Characteristic Autonomic Nervous Activity of Institutionalized Elders with Dementia

This study clarified the characteristic autonomic nervous activity of institutionalized elders diagnosed with dementia using Hasegawa’s Dementia Scale-Revised. Twenty-six healthy adult persons (HPs) in their 20 s - 40 s met the inclusion criteria, and 16 persons (27.6 ± 8.2 years old) completed the research procedure. Of 70 persons with dementia (PDs) residing at the one geriatric health services facilities, only 24 persons met the inclusion criteria, and only nine (N = 9, 83.44 ± 9.45 years old) completed the procedure. Actigraph and ambulatory electrocardiographic instruments measuring autonomic nervous activity were attached to the subjects for 24 hours. Activities and behaviors of PDs and HPs were observed by clinically experienced staff nurses and care workers. High frequency (HF) power indicating parasympathetic activity and LF/HF ratio indicating sympathetic activity were calculated. When awake, PDs’ LF/HF ratio was significantly lower than HP’s (Z = -2.60, p < 0.01), showing significant differences in the LF/HF ratios between waking and sleeping, more than those of the PDs (p < 0.001). Similarly, when awake, significant positive correlations were observed in the LF/HF ratio and actigraph activity count (AC) in 11 HPs and 3 PDs (range r = 0.17 to 0.49, p < 0.05); however, significant negative correlation was found in HF and AC of 12 HPs and 3 PDs (range r = -0.55 to -0.18, p < 0.05). While sleeping, significant positive correlations were observed in LF/HF and AC of 3 HPs and 1 PD (range r = 0.35 to 0.42, p < 0.05) and significant negative correlation was found in the HF and AC of 1 HP (r= -0.32, p < 0.001) and 1 PD (r = -0.32, p < 0.05). The mean value of LF/HF in a wakeful state was significantly lower for PDs than HPs. Combined results of behavioral observation, actigrapy and heart rate variability (HRV) analyses suggested that PDs showed positive correlations between LF/HF and AC in a wakeful state. Compared to those who showed no positive correlation, they did not require much nursing care.
A situated cognition perspective on presence

During interaction with computer-based 3-D simulations like virtual reality, users may experience a sense of involvement called presence. Presence is commonly defined as the subjective feeling of "being there". We discuss the state of the art in this inno vative research area and introduce a situated cognition perspective on presence. We argue that presence depends on the proper integration of aspects relevant to an agent's movement and perception, to her actions, and to her conception of the overall situ a tion in which she finds herself, as well as on how these aspects mesh with the possibilities for action afforded in the interaction with the artifact. We also aim at showing that studies of presence offer a test-bed for different theories of situated co gnition. ›
Acoustic stealth situation assessment of underwater vehicle based on fuzzy support vector machine

A novel method of acoustic stealth situation assessment of underwater vehicle based on FSVM (fuzzy support vector machine) has been proposed in this paper. Two important models, one is for radiated noise of underwater vehicle rapid calculation and the other is for acoustic stealth situation assessment based on FSVM, have been introduced. The use of sound energy of each 1/3Oct frequency band as features of underwater vehicle's radiated noise has been investigated. Simulation experiment has been done to validated the method of assessment. And the results demonstrated that a high assessment accuracy could be achieved with the use of this method.
Extending the Technology Acceptance Model for Internet Banking: A Case Study of Iran

Extending the Technology Acceptance Model, this study tries to identify factors affecting the users' acceptance of internet banking. A survey instrument was distributed to 120 Internet Banking users and none users. The results indicated that self efficacy has a significant direct effect on both perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Also perceived usefulness has a significant direct effect on behavioral intention. Implications are discussed.
Impaired Information Integration Contributes to Communication Difficulty in Corticobasal Syndrome

ObjectiveTo investigate the cognitive and neural correlates of discourse impairment in corticobasal syndrome (CBS). BackgroundDifficulty communicating is a frequent clinical manifestation in patients with CBS. However, the mechanisms underlying this disabling problem are not well understood. MethodsTwenty patients with CBS and 8 healthy seniors narrated a picture story. Narratives were analyzed for maintenance of the narrative theme, identification of the overall point of the story (global connectedness), and connectedness between consecutive events (local connectedness). Discourse measures were correlated with performance on cognitive tasks and with cortical atrophy as determined by magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based morphometry. ResultsPatients with CBS referred to the narrative theme significantly less frequently than controls. Global connectedness was intact in only 6 of 20 CBS patients (30%), but preserved in all controls. Local connectedness was significantly diminished in patients relative to controls. Discourse performance in CBS was related to tasks requiring higher-order integration of visual material, but not to basic visuospatial/visuoperceptual, language, or memory function. Discourse impairment was directly related to atrophy in the right parietal lobe and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that impaired information integration in CBS, related to parieto-frontal disease, interferes with patients' ability to narrate a coherent story.
Charitable Giving in Transition Economies: Evidence from Russia

The economics of philanthropic behavior in the United States has received considerable attention in the literature over the past 25 years. Until now, however, no major studies on developing or transition economies had appeared. This paper begins to fill this gap, estimating the determinants of charitable giving in Russia in the post-Soviet era using World Bank household-level data. It provides evidence of both similarities and differences with Western countries regarding the effects of income, taxes, and demographics on charitable giving.
Energy of decoding algorithms

A standard model for the energy of a computation was developed by Thompson, which relates the energy of a computation to the product of the area a circuit and the number of clock cycles needed to carry out the computation. We show that for any circuit implemented this way, using any algorithm that performs decoding of a codeword passed through a binary symmetric channel, as the block length approaches infinity either (a) the probability of block error approaches 1 or (b) the energy of the computation scales at least as equation. This implies that the energy of successful decoding, per decoded bit, must scale at least as equation.
Rate control with lifetime-utility optimization in Ad hoc networks

Rate control mechanism is important to the network performance improvement. The application performance and lifetime are two fundamental objectives needed to be optimized in Ad hoc network. These two objectives are usually correlated to the data rate provided by the application. A rate control mechanism which considers the maximum problem of network lifetime and application performance is proposed in this paper. We study the tradeoff of two objectives based on the Network Utility Maximization (NUM) framework, give an optimization model and solve this model problem with Lagrange dual decomposition theory. Theoretical analysis and simulation results both show the feasibility of our mechanism.
Restorative Justice in Everyday Life: Beyond the Formal Ritual.

Building upon Braithwaite’s (2002) notions of restorative justice and responsive regulation, this chapter explores the growing concern for regulating safe school communities, so that the needs of all members of the school community are addressed. The chapter touches on the findings of reviews of school violence in the United States, re-integrative shaming theory (Braithwaite 1989; Ahmed, Harris, Braithwaite and Braithwaite 2001) and procedural justice theory (Tyler and Blader 2000), grounding a responsive and restorative approach to regulating safe school communities, as well as best practice models. Central to these theoretical perspectives and the various practical interventions covered in the chapter is a discussion of the importance of shame-management and identity-management for students. Finally, the chapter will develop a regulatory framework within which to place the range of interventions.
IReHMo: An efficient IoT-based remote health monitoring system for smart regions

The ageing population worldwide is constantly rising, both in urban and regional areas. There is a need for IoT-based remote health monitoring systems that take care of the health of elderly people without compromising their convenience and preference of staying at home. However, such systems may generate large amounts of data. The key research challenge addressed in this paper is to efficiently transmit healthcare data within the limit of the existing network infrastructure, especially in remote areas. In this paper, we identified the key network requirements of a typical remote health monitoring system in terms of real-time event update, bandwidth requirements and data generation. Furthermore, we studied the network communication protocols such as CoAP, MQTT and HTTP to understand the needs of such a system, in particular the bandwidth requirements and the volume of generated data. Subsequently, we have proposed IReHMo - an IoT-based remote health monitoring architecture that efficiently delivers healthcare data to the servers. The CoAP-based IReHMo implementation helps to reduce up to 90% volume of generated data for a single sensor event and up to 56% required bandwidth for a healthcare scenario. Finally, we conducted a scalability analysis to determine the feasibility of deploying IReHMo in large numbers in regions of north Sweden.
Nonlinear Control System Intelligent Identification Using Optimized Support Vector Machines

Nonlinear control system identification is studied using neoteric optimized Least Squares Support Vector Machines (LS-SVM) in this paper. Firstly,a multi-layer adaptive optimizing parameters algorithm is developed for improving learning and generalization ability of least squares support vector machines. According to different learning problems, the optimization approach can obtain appropriate LS-SVM parameters adaptively. Then, a nonlinear control system is identified by improved LS-SVM. The results show that the optimization approach can acquire best-optimized parameters for LS-SVM, and optimized LS-SVM can provide excellent control system identification precision and excellent convergence. And also, the multi-layer adaptive optimizing parameters algorithm may be appropriately extended to other types of support vector machines.
Extreme gravitational lensing near rotating black holes

We describe a new approach to calculating photon trajectories and gravitational lensing effects in the strong gravitational field of the Kerr black hole. These techniques are applied to explore both the imaging and spectral properties of photons emitted from an accretion disc, which perform multiple orbits of the central mass before escaping to infinity. Viewed at large inclinations, these higher-order photons contribute ∼20 per cent of the total luminosity of the system for a Schwarzschild hole, while for an extreme Kerr black hole this fraction rises to ∼60 per cent. In more realistic models, these photons will be reabsorbed by the disc at large distances from the hole, but this returning radiation could provide a physical mechanism to resolve the discrepancy between the predicted and observed optical/ultraviolet colours in active galactic nuclei. Conversely, at low inclinations, higher-order images reintercept the disc plane close to the black hole, so need not be absorbed by the disc if this is within the plunging region. These photons form a bright ring carrying approximately 10 per cent of the total disc luminosity for a Schwarzschild black hole. The spatial separation between the inner edge of the disc and the ring is similar to the size of the event horizon. This is resolvable for supermassive black holes with proposed X-ray interferometery missions such as the Microarcsecond X-ray Imaging Mission (MAXIM), and so has the potential to provide an observational test of strong field gravity.
A Redesigned Undergraduate Data Communication and Networking Course Incorporating Theory and Practice

Data Communication and Computer Networking is a traditional undergraduate CS course. Classic teaching focuses on communication protocol and algorithm analysis, plus socket programming, and often deploys simulator to reinforce theoretical concepts. However, in our CS department with only undergraduate students, this approach appears to be hard to meet students’ expectation to handle real world networking problems. With the goal to stimulate the enthusiasm of our students and tie closely theory and practice, the course is redesigned. In this paper, we present our experience in redesign the course, describe the course structure, assignments and outcomes.