Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Time after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears on Proprioception and Postural Stability

This study was designed to compare proprioception and postural stability in patients with acute (time from injury ≤ 3 months) and chronic (time from injury > 3 months) ACL tears, and to evaluate the correlation between time interval after ACL injury and proprioception. Thigh muscle strength, postural stability, and joint position sense were compared in 48 patients with acute ACL tears and in 28 with chronic ACL tears. Maximal torque (60°/sec) of the quadriceps and hamstring was evaluated using an isokinetic testing device. Postural stability was determined from the anterior-posterior (APSI), medial-lateral (MLSI), and overall (OSI) stability indices using stabilometry. Joint position sense was also tested by reproduction of passive positioning (RPP). Muscle strengths and stability indices on both the involved and uninvolved sides were similar in the acute and chronic ACL tear groups. RPP on the involved side was significantly greater in the chronic than in the acute ACL tear group (7.8° vs. 5.6°, P = 0.041). Two of three stability indices (APSI, OSI) and RPP were significantly greater on the involved than the uninvolved side in the chronic ACL tear group.
Very Fast Recovery Word-line Voltage Regulator for Multilevel Nonvolatile Memories

A very fast recovery voltage regulator for large capacitive loads is presented. A feedback cascode technique is used to achieve high recovery speed when a previously discharged capacitance is connected to the regulator output. The design has been optimized for a word-line read voltage regulator for a 4-level (2-bit/cell) 32-Mcell Flash memory (64 Mbits). Computer simulations showed that recovery within a 50-mV ripple is achieved within 20 ns after a word-line is selected, as is required to allow accurate sensing without degrading memory access time. Current consumption is kept within 65 mA.
On the Reconstruction of Quad-Pol SAR Data From Compact Polarimetry Data For Ocean Target Detection

Circular-transmit/linear-receive compact polarimetry synthetic aperture radar systems combine coherent dual polarization with wide-swath imaging. The polarization information in these data may be represented as a Stokes vector, or one can reconstruct several quadpolarized covariance elements. Two reconstruction algorithms have been published in the literature: one by Souyris and a refined algorithm by Nord We investigated the application of these two algorithms for reconstructing ocean clutter for the purpose of detecting targets. We tested the assumptions underlying these algorithms and found that they were not valid for ocean scenes. We present a simple empirical reconstruction model whose reconstruction and target detection performance is superior to the two published algorithms.
Rfc: 814 Name, Addresses, Ports, and Routes

It has been said that the principal function of an operating system is to define a number of different names for the same object, so that it can busy itself keeping track of the relationship between all of the different names. Network protocols seem to have somewhat the same characteristic. In TCP/IP, there are several ways of referring to things. At the human visible interface, there are character string "names" to identify networks, hosts, and services. Host names are translated into network "addresses", 32-bit values that identify the network to which a host is attached, and the location of the host on that net. Service names are translated into a "port identifier", which in TCP is a 16-bit value. Finally, addresses are translated into "routes", which are the sequence of steps a packet must take to reach the specified addresses. Routes show up explicitly in the form of the internet routing options, and also implicitly in the address to route translation tables which all hosts and gateways maintain.
Decentralized Cooperative Positioning and Tracking Based on a Weighted Sign Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Based on the requirements of low energy consumption and high bandwidth efficiency, a primary area of study is how to improve the estimation accuracy and tracking performance for target localization in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a weighted sign algorithm (WSA) for positioning and tracking in wireless sensor networks. In terms of the reliability of distance estimation, the location estimation of a target is formulated as a weighted least squares (WLS) problem, which is solved based on the WSA in an iterative and decentralized manner. We also propose a cooperative message-passing algorithm for inter-sensor information exchange, adaptively picking the participating sensor nodes, and making the paths for cyclic routing in the network. On each routing path, a target's location estimate is updated on each cycle and continues among the participating sensor nodes that surround the target. To ensure that the WSA-based scheme has a convergence behavior, a convergence analysis is given. Computer simulation results demonstrate that, as compared with previous methods, our proposed scheme has a faster convergence rate, better location accuracy, and improved tracking performance.
Making Queries Tractable on Big Data with Preprocessing

A query class is traditionally considered tractable if there exists a polynomial-time (PTIME) algorithm to answer its queries. When it comes to big data, however, PTIME algorithms often become infeasible in practice. A traditional and effective approach to coping with this is to preprocess data off-line, so that queries in the class can be subsequently evaluated on the data efficiently. This paper aims to provide a formal foundation for this approach in terms of computational complexity. (1) We propose a set of Π-tractable queries, denoted by ΠT Q 0 , to characterize classes of queries that can be answered in parallel poly-logarithmic time (NC) after PTIME preprocessing. (2) We show that several natural query classes are Π-tractable and are feasible on big data. (3) We also study a set ΠT Q of query classes that can be effectively converted to Π-tractable queries by refactorizing its data and queries for preprocessing. We introduce a form of NC reductions to characterize such conversions. (4) We show that a natural query class is complete for ΠT Q . (5) We also show that ΠT Q 0 ⊂ P unless P = NC, i.e., the set ΠT Q 0 of all Π-tractable queries is properly contained in the set P of all PTIME queries. Nonetheless, ΠT Q = P, i.e., all PTIME query classes can be made Π-tractable via proper refactorizations. This work is a step towards understanding the tractability of queries in the context of big data.
The Impact of Information System Usage on Performance: Based on the Innovation Perspective

Organizations increasingly depend on the innovation behaviors in order to get the best possible outcome from information systems that have been put into place. However IS research literature shows few studies in understanding the patterns of system usage behaviors that yield innovative or novel ways of using organizational information systems. This paper firstly examines the past information system usage literature and concepts. Based on explorative & exploitative innovation theories from organizational management literature, then the paper develops a conceptual model of information system innovative usage and organizational long-term and short-term performance. With the questionnaires from over one hundred enterprises in China, we find that the proposed model is empirically tested and three hypotheses are supported. The results show that exploration & exploitation of IS usage are positively related to organizational performance. Finally, the paper gives some discussions. The main objective of the paper is to highlight the significance of innovation in information system usage research.
Trellis- and Network-Coded Modulation for Decode-and-Forward Two-Way Relaying Over Time-Varying Channels

We present a bandwidth-efficient joint channel coding-modulation scheme conceived for the broadcast channel of decode-and-forward (DF) two-way relaying (TWR), where trellis-coded modulation (TCM) is intrinsically amalgamated with network-coded modulation (NCM) for achieving both a channel coding gain and a high throughput. We conceive a low-complexity receiver algorithm for our joint TC-NCM scheme, which applies decoding and demodulation simultaneously, without the need to first demodulate the signal before decoding, as in the traditional solutions. As a further contribution, the TC-NCM scheme is intrinsically amalgamated with adaptive transceiver techniques. We then further investigate the performance of our near-instantaneously adaptive discrete-rate TC-NC-quadrature-amplitude modulation/phase-shift keying (QAM-PSK) scheme. Both simulation results and numerical analysis are presented, which are compared with the performance of traditional NCM schemes. The results show that our scheme not only increases the achievable transmission rate but improves the reliability as well, yet it is of modest complexity.
Process control for 45 nm CMOS logic gate patterning

This paper present an evaluation of our CMOS 45nm gate patterning process performance based on immersion lithography in a production environment. A CD budget breakdown is shown detailing lot to lot, wafer to wafer, intrawafer, intrafield and proximity CD uniformity characterization. Emphasis is given on scatterometry library development and deployment. We also look more into detail to focus effect on CD control. Finally status of overlay performance with immersion lithography is also presented.
Enhancing clinical and management discourse in ICT implementation

Modern NHS organisations are seen to be increasingly reliant, in terms of achieving improvements and service targets, on the efficient provision of information to enable clinical, administrative and managerial decision making. A key barrier to effective ICT introduction in NHS trust hospitals has been identified as the complex social, organisational and political issues endemic within the organisation, preventing true discourse amongst key stakeholders. This paper describes how the adaptation of critical social theoretical thinking may be used to develop an innovative approach to participative process and information flow modelling. This approach is used within a hospital trust to investigate its potential as a precursor to ICT procurement and development. Empirical results of the research are described with suggestions for a more informed approach to ICT introduction, leading to a re‐examination of issues concerning: historical context, emancipatory practice and the role of the systems analyst.
MRI for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of mangafodipir trisodium and gadopentetate dimeglumine contrast agents.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to compare the performance of mangafodipir trisodium (Mn-DPDP)-enhanced and dynamic gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six patients with 96 hepatocellular carcinomas underwent Mn-DPDP- and gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI. The MRI examination included unenhanced T2-weighted turbo spin-echo and T1-weighted 2D fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequences and a 3D FLASH sequence after the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine and Mn-DPDP. Two observers reviewed three sets of images: a set of gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR images, a set of Mn-DPDP-enhanced MR images, and a combination of the gadopentetate dimeglumine and Mn-DPDP sets. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, imaging sets were compared for diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity. RESULTS The area under the ROC curve (A(z)) was 0.942 for the gadopentetate dimeglumine-Mn-DPDP set, 0.932 for the gadopentetate dimeglumine set, and 0.877 for the Mn-DPDP set (p < 0.05). The mean sensitivity was greater for the gadopentetate dimeglumine set than for the Mn-DPDP set (87.5% vs 72.4%; p < 0.05). The false-negative rate of the Mn-DPDP set was statistically greater than that of the gadopentetate dimeglumine set (27.6% vs 12.5%). Most false-negative cases in the Mn-DPDP set were due to small (diameter < 2 cm), isoenhanced lesions. CONCLUSION Gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI was superior to Mn-DPDP-enhanced MRI for the detection of hepatocellular carcinomas.
CE_QoS Routing Algorithm for Ad Hoc Networks

In an ad hoc network, QoS support is one of the major concerns. Because of the constant changes of available link state and bandwidth information, the limited node power, and the dynamic network topology, it is difficult for routing algorithms to satisfy the QoS requirements of many applications. In recent study, we proposed CEQoS routing algorithm for ad hoc networks. Taking bandwidth as the QoS parameter, CEQoS uses a node credit model to evaluate the link stability, and uses an energy function to estimate the node power situation. Based on these strategies, CEQoS can support QoS requirement and has better QoS routing performance. In this paper, we give an example to show how CEQoS works.
Interactive treemapswith detail on demand to support information search in documents

This paper addresses the issue of how information visualization techniques can be used to assist full-text search in electronic documents. Our approach supports multiple term queries with interactive treemaps. We use a treemap to visualize the basic structure of the document and exploit color coding to show the distribution of query terms on various levels of the hierarchy. Furthermore, we include filtering techniques to concentrate on those parts of the structure that actually contain the requested information, and, finally provide interactive tools to give access to detailed information whenever the user wishes.
SPF-GMKL: generalized multiple kernel learning with a million kernels

Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) aims to learn the kernel in an SVM from training data. Many MKL formulations have been proposed and some have proved effective in certain applications. Nevertheless, as MKL is a nascent field, many more formulations need to be developed to generalize across domains and meet the challenges of real world applications. However, each MKL formulation typically necessitates the development of a specialized optimization algorithm. The lack of an efficient, general purpose optimizer capable of handling a wide range of formulations presents a significant challenge to those looking to take MKL out of the lab and into the real world. This problem was somewhat alleviated by the development of the Generalized Multiple Kernel Learning (GMKL) formulation which admits fairly general kernel parameterizations and regularizers subject to mild constraints. However, the projected gradient descent GMKL optimizer is inefficient as the computation of the step size and a reasonably accurate objective function value or gradient direction are all expensive. We overcome these limitations by developing a Spectral Projected Gradient (SPG) descent optimizer which: a) takes into account second order information in selecting step sizes; b) employs a non-monotone step size selection criterion requiring fewer function evaluations; c) is robust to gradient noise, and d) can take quick steps when far away from the optimum. We show that our proposed SPG-GMKL optimizer can be an order of magnitude faster than projected gradient descent on even small and medium sized datasets. In some cases, SPG-GMKL can even outperform state-of-the-art specialized optimization algorithms developed for a single MKL formulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SPG-GMKL can scale well beyond gradient descent to large problems involving a million kernels or half a million data points. Our code and implementation are available publically.
"No! Don't! Stop!": Mothers' Words for Impending Danger

SYNOPSIS Objectives. In 2 studies, we aimed to describe the content of mothers’ verbal warnings to their young children and to investigate whether mothers modify their warnings based on the type of dangerous situation and children’s age. Study 1. Mothers of 12-, 18-, and 24-month-olds reported in a telephone interview the words and phrases they would use to prevent their children from falling, touching dangerous objects, ingesting poisonous substances, and running away. The words “no,” “don’t,” and “stop” were the most frequent warnings across ages. Mothers also used warnings to elicit their children’s attention, regulate children’s location, modify children’s actions, and to highlight the properties and consequences of specific dangers. The content, diversity and complexity of mothers’ warnings varied with children’s age and the type of dangerous situation. Study 2. We observed mothers in the laboratory as they warned their 12- and 18-month-old children not to walk down 50° slopes. As in Study 1, mothers primarily relied on the words “no,” “don’t,” and “stop,” but again used warnings to elicit attention, regulate location, modify actions, and describe the danger. Mothers used more complex and diverse warnings with older versus younger children. Conclusions. Although simple warnings, such as “no,” “don’t,” and “stop” hold privileged status at all ages, mothers express a rich array of warnings that are attuned to children’s age and the dangers of the situation.
Drug problem – What problems? Concurrent predictors of selected types of drug problems in a london community sample of young people who use drugs

Four variables potentially indicative of different aspects of drug problems have been selected for study in a community sample of young people aged 16–20 who use drugs; Severity of Dependence Score; Whether or not interactional problems caused by own drug use were experienced; Number of college or work days missed specifically as a result of drug use; and 12-item General Health Questionnaire Score. The study population comprised 200 young cannabis users, approximately one-third of whom were also stimulant drug users. Substantial levels of these problems were observed. A range of predictors of these problems were identified in regression models. Lifetime stimulant drug use emerges as a principal indicator of risk. In addition, age, ongoing drug consumption variables and satisfaction with personal drug use emerge are recurrent predictors. An indicator of deprivation is identified as being associated with interactional problems. The need for development of the study of drug problems in the context of the normalisation of recreational drug use within British youth culture is discussed. More elaborate and sophisticated studies of problems will be required to identify significant harms as consequences of teenage patterns of non-opiate drug use.
SOLIDFX: An Integrated Reverse Engineering Environment for C++

Many C+ + extractors exist that produce syntax trees, call graphs, and metrics from C++ code, yet few offer integrated querying, navigation, and visualization of source- code-level facts to the end-user. We present an interactive reverse engineering environment which supports reverse- engineering tasks on C/C++ code, e.g. set up the extraction process, apply user-written queries on the extracted facts, and visualize query results, much like classical forward- engineering IDEs do. We illustrate our environment with several examples of reverse-engineering analyses.
An evaluation of mixed methods (diaries and focus groups) when working with older people

This paper considers the advantages and limitations of using mixed methods, diaries and focus groups in research with older people, specifically research investigating the interaction experiences of older individuals as customers, members and workers with public-, private- and community-based organisations. Drawing on the literature on mixed method integration, five distinct advantages were identified: development, completeness, expansion, offsetting and initiation. Two limitations were also noted: demands of the data collection on the participants and insufficient depth. Each is discussed in the context of the particular research project, with the suggestion that mixed methods be used in future research with older people.
Characteristics and Media-Related Needs of the Audience for Religious TV

b Religious programs have been part of regular television fare since 1939. Although networks and local stations generally have kept religious programming to less than 2% of the total television offerings and have confined it to Sunday mornings,! the type and variety of programs carried by local stations have changed significantly during the past 40 years. Originally, the networks worked exclusively with the Protestant Radio Commission of the Federal Council of Churches, and local stations produced programs in cooperation with local councils or with large Protestant congregations. But, by 1960, independently produced Protestant programs as well as ones presentinga Catholic or Jewish perspective were generally available.2 During this early period, the emphasis was on presenting programs that would be acceptable to a broad cross-section of viewers and that would stress ethical and social concerns shared by most religions. At least partly as a result of a long campaign by National Religious Broadcasters (NRB) to "safeguard the right of evangeli-
Region and Sex Differences in Constituent Dopamine Neurons and Immunoreactivity for Intracellular Estrogen and Androgen Receptors in Mesocortical Projections in Rats

Many cortical and prefrontal functions show sex differences in their development, adult capacity, and dysfunction in disorders like schizophrenia. Correlations between circulating gonadal hormones and certain prefrontal functions have also been identified in humans and experimental animal models. Although multiple mechanisms may be involved, such hormone sensitivities/sex differences could be related to gonadal steroid actions on another regulator of cortical/prefrontal cortical function, the mesocortical dopamine system. Thus, although it is well known that perturbations in prefrontal dopamine signaling induce behavioral deficits, it is also known that several endpoints of these afferents are sensitive to gonadal steroids and/or are sexually dimorphic. This study explored possible substrates for this in two ways: by comparing the distributions of immunoreactivity for intracellular estrogen (α and β) and androgen receptors among retrogradely labeled dopaminergic and nondopaminergic mesocortical neurons projecting to prefrontal, premotor, and primary motor cortices, areas in which male rat dopamine axons are differentially hormone-sensitive; and by comparing anatomical data in males and females. These analyses revealed region-, cell-, and sex-specific specializations in receptor localization that paralleled established patterns of mesocortical hormone sensitivity, including the androgen sensitivity of dopamine axons and dopamine-dependent functions in prefrontal cortex. It was also found that the proportions of dopamine neurons making up mesocortical projections were ∼30% in males, whereas in females, significantly more constituent cells were dopaminergic. Together, these features may be part of the neurobiology giving mesocortical afferents their hormone sensitivities and/or sex differences in physiology, function, and dysfunction in disease.