Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically motivated anticipatory learning utilizing transformation invariance

In this paper, novel reinforcement learning framework with intrinsic motivation to reproduce past successful experience is presented. Geometric transformation invariance is utilized to measure the reproducibility of experience. Top-down “expectation” to reproducibility of experience effectively biases strategy of exploration. As a result of consistent exploration via reproduction of successful experience, learning process is accelerated. Simulation experiments in grid world demonstrate useful characteristics of proposed framework.
Up-Regulation of Human CYP2J2 in HepG2 Cells by Butylated Hydroxyanisole Is Mediated by c-Jun and Nrf2

Cytochrome P450 2J2 oxidizes arachidonic acid to a series of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) isomers in human tissues. EETs regulate numerous homeostatic processes, including cytoprotective and proliferative responses against injurious stresses. There is little information currently available on the factors that regulate CYP2J2, but strategies to activate expression could use the beneficial effects of EETs in cells. The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor c-Jun has been shown previously to maintain CYP2J2 expression in human HepG2 cells; c-Jun forms transcriptionally active dimers with the antioxidant-inducible bZIP factor Nrf2. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that CYP2J2 expression may be activated in cells by c-Jun/Nrf2 heterodimers. Treatment of HepG2 cells with butylated hydroxyanisole elicited concentration- and time-dependent activation of CYP2J2 expression, as well as the bZIP factors Nrf2 and c-Jun; chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a pronounced increase in binding of these bZIP factors to the CYP2J2 5′-flank. Transient transfection analysis using deletion constructs and gel-shift assays were consistent with a role for the −105/−88 region of CYP2J2 in c-Jun/Nrf2 responsiveness. Using a series of mutant expression plasmids, we identified c-Jun as the critical partner in CYP2J2 transactivation. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the importance of the leucine zipper region of Nrf2 in the enhancement of c-Jun-dependent transactivation of CYP2J2. Agents that activate CYP2J2 expression may offer a new approach to using the beneficial effects of EETs in cells.
Television Exposure, Perceived Realism, and Exemplar Accessibility in the Social Judgment Process

This article explores the role of exemplar accessibility in Shrum's (1996) heuristic processing model of cultivation effects. Specifically, the study tested whether television exposure and perceived realism of television would predict the accessibility of examples of constructs frequently portrayed on television. Participants (197) completed a survey measuring television exposure, perceived realism of television, and demographics. Six weeks later they were divided into two experimental conditions. Condition 1 participants answered social judgment questions and then performed an exemplar accessibility task. Condition 2 participants performed the exemplar accessibility task then made social judgments. As predicted by the model, participants who answered social judgment questions first exhibited a cultivation effect. Those who performed the exemplar accessibility task first did not. Also, measures of perceived realism of television predicted accessibility of examples (Black doctors, shootings, and extramarital affairs). Mere exposure to television did not predict the accessibility of examples as predicted. Results suggest that perceived realism of television content may play a role in the heuristic process linking television exposure and social judgments. Limitations are discussed, and suggestions for future research are offered.
A Machine Intelligence Approach to Virtual Ballet Training

This article presents a framework for real-time analysis and visualization of ballet dance movements performed within a Cave Virtual Reality Environment (CAVE). A Kinect sensor captures and extracts dance-based movement features, from which a topology preserved "posture space" is constructed using a spherical self-organizing map (SSOM). Recordings of dance movements are parsed into gestural elements by projection onto the SSOM to form unique trajectories in posture space. Dependencies between postures in a trajectory are modeled using a Markovian empirical transition matrix, which is then used to recognize attempted movements. This allows for quantitative assessment and feedback of a student's performance, delivered using concurrent, localized visualizations together with a performance score based on incremental dynamic time warping (IDTW).
Regression ! Defocus Blur Map ! Robust ! Deconvolution ! Deblurring ! Mask ! Regression !

Real camera systems have a limited depth of field (DOF) which may cause an image to be degraded due to visible misfocus or too shallow DOF. In this paper, we present a blind deblurring pipeline able to restore such images by slightly extending their DOF and recovering sharpness in regions slightly out-of-focus. To address this severely ill-posed problem, our algorithm relies first on the estimation of the spatiallyvarying defocus blur. Drawing on local frequency image features, a machine learning approach based on the recently introduced Regression Tree Fields is used to train a model able to regress a coherent defocus blur map of the image, labeling each pixel by the scale of a defocus point-spread-function. A non-blind spatiallyvarying deblurring algorithm is then used to properly extend the DOF of the image. The good performance of our algorithm is assessed both quantitatively, using realistic ground truth data obtained with a novel approach based on a plenoptic camera, and qualitatively with real images.
Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis. A review of 290 sympathectomies.

OBJECTIVES To describe the surgical technique of endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis and to identify associated complications. DESIGN Prospective clinical study. SETTING University referral center. PATIENTS A consecutive series of 150 patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis. INTERVENTION The surgical procedure is performed under general anesthesia. A trocar and endoscope are inserted into the chest cavity. The sympathetic chain and the second, third, and fourth ganglia are then identified, cauterized, and cut. After reinflation of the lung, the procedure is repeated on the other side. RESULTS Two hundred ninety sympathectomies were performed with a 98% success rate. Complications of the procedure included pneumothorax in seven patients (2.4%), hemothorax in three (1.0%), and temporary Horner's syndrome in two (0.7%). Severe postoperative pain during the first 2 to 4 hours required treatment. Of 60 patients who were followed up for 12 months, 50% developed compensatory sweating and 8.3% developed rebound sweating. Hyperhidrosis recurred in three patients. CONCLUSION Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy is an effective form of treatment for palmar primary hyperhidrosis, is associated with a low morbidity, and can be performed as an ambulatory procedure.
Serum dexamethasone levels after decadron phonophoresis.

OBJECTIVE To determine serum levels of dexamethasone at several intervals after administration of Decadron (dexamethasone sodium phosphate) phonophoresis. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was designed as a 2-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures on 1 factor (blood draws). Independent variables were group (gel/sham, gel/ ultrasound, dexamethasone/sham, dexamethasone/ultrasound) and blood draws (pretreatment, posttreatment, 15 minutes, and 30 minutes). The dependent variable was the serum level of dexamethasone. SUBJECTS Forty healthy college students (21 males, 19 females; mean age = 22 +/- 1.3 years) with no known drug allergies or current medication use were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups. The treatment site was the left forearm. MEASUREMENTS After the pretreatment blood draw, a 10- minute ultrasound treatment was administered, followed by a posttreatment blood draw. Two additional blood draws followed at 15-minute intervals. A total of 4 serum samples (5 cc each) from each subject were centrifuged, and the pipetted serum was frozen for later analysis by double antibody radioimmunoassay. RESULTS No significant amounts of serum dexamethasone were detected in 12 consecutive samples. Testing of additional samples was, therefore, discontinued. CONCLUSIONS Decadron phonophoresis as used in this experiment did not result in detectable serum levels of dexamethasone. More study is needed to validate the efficacy of Decadron phonophoresis on serum dexamethasone levels.
Generating Images from Captions with Attention

Motivated by the recent progress in generative models, we introduce a model that generates images from natural language descriptions. The proposed model iteratively draws patches on a canvas, while attending to the relevant words in the description. After training on Microsoft COCO, we compare our model with several baseline generative models on image generation and retrieval tasks. We demonstrate that our model produces higher quality samples than other approaches and generates images with novel scene compositions corresponding to previously unseen captions in the dataset.
“It's Not How You Drive, it's How You Arrive”: The Myth

Analysis of individual performance statistics for the 1993 and 1994 Professional Golf Association (PGA) tour yielded a significant positive correlation between the rankings of top ten money winners and their total driving skills. This positive relationship, i.e., the higher the money winnings, the better the driving skills tend to be, and its implications were discussed. The correlation between the rankings of money leaders and hitting greens-in-regulation skills was nonsignificant. Each year, those players ranked as the top ten in total driving skills won more money in fewer tournaments than the players ranked as the top ten in greens-in-regulation skills. The results cast doubt on the adage “It's not how you drive, it's how you arrive” and suggest the major contribution of driving skills is to winning money on the PGA tour and corroborate a trend, noted in 1988, toward the increased importance of driving skills.
A modified KZ reduction algorithm

The Korkine-Zolotareff (KZ) reduction has been used in communications and cryptography. In this paper, we modify a very recent KZ reduction algorithm proposed by Zhang et al., resulting in a new algorithm, which can be much faster and more numerically reliable, especially when the basis matrix is ill conditioned.
Trajectory aware macro-cell planning for mobile users

We handle the problem of efficient user-mobility driven macro-cell planning in cellular networks. As cellular networks embrace heterogeneous technologies (including long range 3G/4G and short range WiFi, Femto-cells, etc.), most traffic generated by static users gets absorbed by the short-range technologies, thereby increasingly leaving mobile user traffic to macro-cells. To this end, we consider a novel approach that factors in the trajectories of mobile users as well as the impact of city geographies and their associated road networks for macro-cell planning. Given a budget k of base-stations that can be upgraded, our approach selects a deployment that improves the most number of user trajectories. The generic formulation incorporates the notion of quality of service of a user trajectory as a parameter to allow different application-specific requirements, and operator choices. We show that the proposed trajectory utility maximization problem is NP-hard, and design multiple heuristics. We evaluate our algorithms with real and synthetic datasets emulating different city geographies to demonstrate their efficacy. For instance, with an upgrade budget k of 20%, our algorithms perform 3-8 times better in improving the user quality of service on trajectories when compared to greedy location-based base-station upgrades.
The death of the Translator in machine translation : a bilingual poetry project

This paper explores the notion of the death of the Translator, inspired by Barthes’ formulation of the death of the Author. It argues that the death of the Translator is caused by a loss of human agency in translation and is therefore most clearly exemplified in machine translation. Based on an avant-garde bilingual poetry project by a Taiwanese poet, the paper demonstrates that machine translation can produce unexpected new meanings through unpredictable routes of semantic and syntactic divergences from the source text. The poet’s use of transparency as physical medium and of machine translation as mediator raises the following questions: does translation actually allow us to ‘read through’ a source text? If so, to what extent is such translation ‘transparent’? How should we even come to terms with the concept of ‘transparency’ with respect to the meaning of a literary text in translation? The paper argues that in the bilingual project in question, machine translation plays the crucial function of bringing the reader’s attention back to the target language by way of delaying/blocking comprehension, hence rendering the corporeality of the target language ‘transparent’.
Systematic Functional Annotation and Visualization of Biological Networks

Large-scale biological networks map functional connections between most genes in the genome and can potentially uncover high level organizing principles governing cellular functions. These networks, however, are famously complex and often regarded as disordered masses of tangled interactions (“hairballs”) that are nearly impenetrable to biologists. As a result, our current understanding of network functional organization is very limited. To address this problem, I developed a systematic quantitative approach for annotating biological networks and examining their functional structure. This method, named Spatial Analysis of Functional Enrichment (SAFE), detects network regions that are statistically overrepresented for a functional group or a quantitative phenotype of interest, and provides an intuitive visual representation of their relative positioning within the network. By successfully annotating the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic interaction network with Gene Ontology terms, SAFE proved to be sensitive to functional signals and robust to noise. In addition, SAFE annotated the network with chemical genomic data and uncovered a new potential mechanism of resistance to the anti-cancer drug bortezomib. Finally, SAFE showed that protein-protein interactions, despite their apparent complexity, also have a high level functional structure. These results demonstrate that SAFE is a powerful new tool for examining biological networks and advancing our understanding of the functional organization of the cell.
A comparison between European and North American wireless regulations

Following the European unification, the world's wireless regulation and standardisation are divided into two major camps, Europe and North America, which differ in their approach to top-down mandated standards, licensing and harmonisation. The diverse cellular penetration and digital TV standards are derived from dissimilar coverage zones and population densities. Attitudes to RF human hazards and the regulation of licence-exempt, spurious emissions, UWB emission masks and cognitive radios reveal that the US and Canada are generally less conservative than Europe. The fundamental differences are presented, analysed and explained, and predictions outline the worldwide anticipated adoption of new technologies.
Designing of an intelligent temperature cum humidity monitoring system

The current study describes the designing of an intelligent temperature cum humidity monitoring system. The system is capable of alerting the user via short message service (SMS) in eventuality of a critical event as defined by the user. Additionally, the device can wirelessly log the data in a computer. There is a need for such kind of devices in agricultural, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In either of these industries mentioned above, there is a need for aprecise control of the temperature and humidity. Any deviation from the controlled environment may lead to financial (agricultural, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries) losses. Our proposed device may help in immediately altering the user. The immediate intervention of the user may reduce the loss. The prototype device was successfully tested under simulated varying environmental conditions.
From Infancy to Inferences: Current Perspectives on Intentionality

After more than 20 years, research into children’s acquisition of a theory of mind (ToM) remains one of the most dynamic areas of investigation within developmental psychology. The range and quality of the contributions of the three books reviewed here reflect the vigor of current ToM research. The title of the first book, Developing theories of intention (DTI; Zelazo, Astington, & Olson, 1999), deliberately echoes that of its predecessor Developing theories of mind (Astington, Harris, & Olson, 1988), which had a seminal influence on ToM research. This review is, JOURNAL OF COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT, 2(2), 221–240 Copyright © 2001, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Conflict management and task reflexivity for team in-role and extra-role performance in China

The ability to reflect upon and manage their internal functioning may very much help teams contribute to their organizations. This study suggests that managing conflict cooperatively and productively provides a foundation for effective team task reflexivity. 200 employees in 100 work teams in China completed measures of their team's cooperative, competitive, and avoiding approach conflict management and task reflexivity and 100 managers indicated the team's in‐role and extra‐role (organizational citizenship behavior) performance. Results support the theorizing that conflict management can contribute to team task reflexivity. Structural equation analyses were interpreted as suggesting that cooperative conflict management promotes task reflexivity that in turn results in team performance. These results, coupled with previous research, were interpreted as suggesting that cooperative approaches to conflict and task reflexivity are complementary foundations for effective teamwork.
A Decision Directed Square-Root Free Inverse QR-Decomposition Based Groupwise Recursive Channel Estimator for SFBC-OFDM Systems

In this paper, a decision directed square-root free inverse QR-decomposition based groupwise recursive (SIQR-GR) channel estimation scheme is proposed for space-frequency block coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SFBC-OFDM) systems. The proposed SIQR-GR channel estimation algorithm employs sequences of scaled Givens rotations to recursively processes data decisions corresponding to the SFBC groups within each OFDM block. As a result of the groupwise recursive processing, the proposed SIQR-GR scheme yields improved system performance under doubly-selective (i.e., frequency-selective and fast fading) channels. To evaluate the performance advantages of SIQR-GR, we compare the normalized mean square error (NMSE) and symbol error rate (SER) performances of SIQR-GR to those corresponding to previously proposed channel estimation schemes. Furthermore, we also present computational complexity comparisons between SIQR-GR and the previously proposed schemes. These comparisons show an excellent performance-complexity tradeoff achieved by SIQR-GR over the previously proposed solutions.
Effects of in-group and out-group ethnicity on children's attitudes towards members of the in-group and out-group

This study tested predictions drawn from social identity development theory (SIDT) (Nesdale, 1999a) concerning the development of young children's ethnic attitudes. 5-7- and 9-year-old children ( N = 159) participated in a minimal group study in which they were assigned to a team which had higher drawing ability than a competitor team. The team members were revealed to be of the same (Anglo-Australian) vs. different (Pacific Islander) ethnicity (in-group ethnicity). The ethnicity of the competitor team was varied in the same way. The children subsequently rated their liking for, and similarity to, the in-group and the out-group, and the extent to which they wished to change groups. Children liked in-group members more than out-group members. Liking for in-group members was unaffected by the ethnic composition of the groups, but liking for outgroup members was reduced when the ethnic composition of the out-group differed from that of the in-group. Children felt most similar to same-group, same-ethnicity members and least similar to different ethnicity out-group members. The desire to change teams increased with age but there was no intention to align with same ethnicity individuals. The extent to which the findings provide support for SIDT is discussed.
Mutations that impair swarming motility in Serratia marcescens 274 include but are not limited to those affecting chemotaxis or flagellar function

Serratia marcescens exists in two cell forms and displays two kinds of motility depending on the type of growth surface encountered (L. Alberti and R. M. Harshey, J. Bacteriol. 172:4322-4328, 1990). In liquid medium, the bacteria are short rods with few flagella and show classical swimming behavior. Upon growth on a solid surface (0.7 to 0.85% agar), they differentiate into elongated, multinucleate, copiously flagellated forms that swarm over the agar surface. The flagella of swimmer and swarmer cells are composed of the same flagellin protein. We show in this study that disruption of hag, the gene encoding flagellin, abolishes both swimming and swarming motility. We have used transposon mini-Mu lac kan to isolate mutants of S. marcescens defective in both kinds of motility. Of the 155 mutants obtained, all Fla- mutants (lacking flagella) and Mot- mutants (paralyzed flagella) were defective for both swimming and swarming, as expected. All Che- mutants (chemotaxis defective) were also defective for swarming, suggesting that an intact chemotaxis system is essential for swarming. About one-third of the mutants were specifically affected only in swarming. Of this class, a large majority showed active "swarming motility" when viewed through the microscope (analogous to the active "swimming motility" of Che- mutants) but failed to show significant movement away from the site of initial inoculation on a macroscopic scale. These results suggest that bacteria swarming on a solid surface require many genes in addition to those required for chemotaxis and flagellar function, which extend the swarming movement outward. We also show in this study that nonflagellate S. marcescens is capable of spreading rapidly on low-agar media.
Study of interhemispheric asymmetries in electroencephalographic signals by frequency analysis

This study provides a new method for the detection of interhemispheric asymmetries in patients with continuous video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring at Intensive Care Unit (ICU), using wavelet energy. We obtained the registration of EEG signals in 42 patients with different pathologies, and then we proceeded to perform signal processing using the Matlab program, we compared the abnormalities recorded in the report by the neurophysiologist, the images of each patient and the result of signals analysis with the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Conclusions: there exists correspondence between the abnormalities found in the processing of the signal with the clinical reports of findings in patients; according to previous conclusion, the methodology used can be a useful tool for diagnosis and early quantitative detection of interhemispheric asymmetries.