Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Precision micromachining with pulsed green lasers

We have developed high-precision machining based on high-power pulsed green lasers (30–40 ns pulse width) at multi-kHz repetition rate. Dynamics of material removal has been investigated using a copper vapor laser. We found that noticeable surface evaporation starts to appear as laser intensity exceeds 107 W/cm2. Material removal is then dominated by ablation at higher laser intensities. However, strong plasma absorption starts to appear as laser intensity exceeds 2 GW/cm2. This prolongs material heating by hot plasma via electron conduction, resulting in noticeable melt formation and expulsion. Maintaining laser radiance below the plasma-ignition threshold minimizes this melt formation. The optimum rate of ablation on metals was found to be ∼1 μm/pulse with a laser fluence of 50 J/cm2. Higher material removal rate can be achieved at higher fluence, but is mostly accompanied with unwanted melt formation and ejection. By keeping laser intensity within a few GW/cm2, we have demonstrated high-aspect-ratio machining with micron-scale accuracy and negligible heat affected zone. High-quality percussion drilling, trepanning, grooving, and slotting were demonstrated on metals and ceramics with a negligible heat affected zone. Straight holes with sizes varying from 500 to less than 25 μm were consistently drilled with a height-to-diameter ratio up to 40. The high quality machining with scalable machining speed promises expanded use of pulsed green lasers in micromachining.We have developed high-precision machining based on high-power pulsed green lasers (30–40 ns pulse width) at multi-kHz repetition rate. Dynamics of material removal has been investigated using a copper vapor laser. We found that noticeable surface evaporation starts to appear as laser intensity exceeds 107 W/cm2. Material removal is then dominated by ablation at higher laser intensities. However, strong plasma absorption starts to appear as laser intensity exceeds 2 GW/cm2. This prolongs material heating by hot plasma via electron conduction, resulting in noticeable melt formation and expulsion. Maintaining laser radiance below the plasma-ignition threshold minimizes this melt formation. The optimum rate of ablation on metals was found to be ∼1 μm/pulse with a laser fluence of 50 J/cm2. Higher material removal rate can be achieved at higher fluence, but is mostly accompanied with unwanted melt formation and ejection. By keeping laser intensity within a few GW/cm2, we have demonstrated high-aspect-ratio ma.
Invasive validation of a new oscillometric device (Arteriograph) for measuring augmentation index, central blood pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity

Background The importance of measuring aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao), aortic augmentation index (Aix) and central systolic blood pressure (SBPao) has been shown under different clinical conditions; however, information on these parameters is hard to obtain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new, easily applicable oscillometric device (Arteriograph), determining these parameters simultaneously, against invasive measurements. Methods Aortic Aix, SBPao and PWVao were measured invasively during cardiac catheterization in 16, 55 and 22 cases, respectively, and compared with the values measured by the Arteriograph. Results We found strong correlation between the invasively measured aortic Aix and the oscillometrically measured brachial Aix on either beat-to-beat or mean value per patient basis (r = 0.9, P < 0.001; r = 0.94, P < 0.001), which allowed the noninvasive calculation of the aortic Aix without using generalized transfer function. Similarly strong correlation (r = 0.95, P < 0.001) was found between the invasively measured and the noninvasively calculated central SBPao; furthermore, the BHS assessment of the paired differences fulfilled the ‘B’ grading. The PWVao values measured invasively and by Arteriograph were 9.41 ± 1.8 m/s and 9.46 ± 1.8 m/s, respectively (mean ± SD); furthermore, the Pearson's correlation was 0.91 (P < 0.001). The limits of agreement were 11.4% for aortic Aix and 1.59 m/s for PWVao. Conclusion Aix, SBPao and PWVao, measured oscillometrically, showed strong correlation with the invasively obtained values. The observed limits of agreement are encouragingly low for accepting the method for clinical use. Our results suggest that the PWVao values, measured by Arteriograph, are close to the true aortic PWV, determined invasively.
A Socio-Demographic Examination of Adults Responding to Governmental Vaccination Recommendations during the Japanese Rubella Outbreak of 2013

Background In 2013 a rubella outbreak occurred among Japanese people of working-age which resulted in 14,357 reported cases. The Japanese government subsequently recommended voluntary vaccination or rubella antibody testing for young women (15–49 years of age) who were planning to conceive and for adult men, children, and other persons in potential contact with pregnant women at home. However, the expense and time involved for vaccination, antibody testing and visiting a clinic may represent a major barrier to voluntary compliance among this busy demographic. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to examine potential relationships between the social background of Japanese working-age individuals affected by the 2013 voluntary vaccination campaign. Methods A web-based survey of 1,889 Japanese men and women aged 20–49 years was conducted in early 2014. Statistical analyses were used to explore the associations between social background and testing for rubella antibody and / or vaccination uptake during the previous year. Results Twenty-four percent of respondents who were planning a pregnancy had been tested for rubella antibody or vaccinated in 2013. However, among those without a current desire for pregnancy, 3% of men and 7% of women, respectively, were tested or vaccinated. Regardless of whether they were planning to conceive, testing for rubella antibodies or vaccination was statistically associated with having acquaintances who had been vaccinated, understanding the government recommendations, and being able to confirm their lack of rubella vaccination history using Maternal and Child Health Handbook records in both men and women. Conclusion To help eliminate rubella in Japan, additional initiatives need to target Japanese individuals who cannot envisage a direct benefit from vaccination. The results of this study suggest that disseminating the government recommendation to all potentially affected subpopulations, along with maintaining life-time vaccination records might offer a solution to encourage vaccination uptake among working-age adults in Japan, as elsewhere.
alpha-Surface and Its Application to Mining Protein Data

Given a finite set of points in three dimensional Euclidean space , the subset that forms its surface could be different when observed in different levels of details. In this paper, we introduce a notion called -surface. We present an algorithm that extracts the -surface from a finite set of points in . We apply the algorithm to extracting the surfaces of proteins and discover patterns from these surface structures, using the pattern discovery algorithm we developed earlier. We then use these patterns to classify the proteins. Experimental results show the good performance of the proposed approach.
Strain rate and temperature effects of polymer foam core material

The objective of this research is to characterize the effect of high strain rates on polymer foam shear properties at different temperatures through direct shear tests. Three strain rates were considered ranging from quasi-static to simulated wave slamming conditions. The foam core experiments, on polyvinyl chloride and styrene acrylonitrile foam, utilized a modified version of the ASTM C273 standard test procedure. The foam core material shear strength and stiffness increased by as much as 45% and 16%, respectively, over the range of strain rates. The shear strength and stiffness properties of the foam core material showed an inverse relationship with temperature.
Vibration fault diagnosis of hydro-turbine generating unit based on rough 1-v-1 multiclass support vector machine

The traditional vibrant fault diagnosis classifier of hydro-turbine generating unit (HGU) can't reflect the uncertain information in fault pattern recognition. To overcome the above problem a novel classifier based on rough set (RS) and 1-v-1 multiclass support vector machine (SVM) is introduced. In this method, the basic ideas of RS: upper approximation, lower approximation and boundary region are used to describe the positive region, negative region and margin of SVM. By using 1-v-1 method, the multiclass classification of SVM is realized. Then the description of upper approximation, lower approximation and boundary region of multiclass are determined. At last, the rules of classifier are acquired. The results show that the proposed classifier has high classification reliability, more concise rule, and lower requirement of memory space in operation stage, and can reflect the uncertain information of fault diagnosis.
An Irradiance Atlas for Global Illumination in Complex Production Scenes

We introduce a tiled 3D MIP map representation of global illumination data. The representation is an adaptive, sparse octree with a "brick" at each octree node; each brick consists of 8 3 voxels with sparse irradiance values. The representation is designed to enable efficient caching. Combined with photon tracing and recent advances in distribution ray tracing of very complex scenes, the result is a method for efficient and flexible computation of global illumination in very complex scenes. The method can handle scenes with many more textures, geometry, and photons than could fit in memory. We show an example of a CG movie scene that has been retrofitted with global illumination shading using our method.
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of a High Temperature Triple Absorption Heat Transformer

First law of thermodynamics has been used to analyze and optimize inclusively the performance of a triple absorption heat transformer operating with LiBr/H2O as the working pair. A thermodynamic model was developed in EES (engineering equation solver) to estimate the performance of the system in terms of the most essential parameters. The assumed parameters are the temperature of the main components, weak and strong solutions, economizers' efficiencies, and bypass ratios. The whole cycle is optimized by EES software from the viewpoint of maximizing the COP via applying the direct search method. The optimization results showed that the COP of 0.2491 is reachable by the proposed cycle.
Enantioselective cellular uptake of chiral semiconductor nanocrystals

The influence of the chirality of semiconductor nanocrystals, CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) capped with L- and D-cysteine, on the efficiency of their uptake by living Ehrlich Ascite carcinoma cells is studied by spectral- and time-resolved fluorescence microspectroscopy. We report an evident enantioselective process where cellular uptake of the L-Cys QDs is almost twice as effective as that of the D-Cys QDs. This finding paves the way for the creation of novel approaches to control the biological properties and behavior of nanomaterials in living cells.
Rice husk ash as filler in bituminous mixes

This paper is based on research work carried out in the laboratories of the Civil Engineering Department, University of malaya, to explore the possiblity of using rice husk ash a waste produce from rice--as a filler material in bituminous mixes. The Marshall design criteria were used to establish its suitability. In the actual experiments various percentages of rice husk ash as a filler were used with different bitumen contents. The other standard fillers cement and rock dust--were also used as comparisons in preparing the samples. The optimum filler and bitumen contents satisfying the Marshall design criteria were obtained for all three types of fillers used. The results obtained from rice husk ash are quite encouraging and the paper indicates further areas for research in this field. (Author/TRRL)
Kompozyty z folii oksybiodegradowalnej z recyklingu napełniane drewnem

Wood-polymer composites (WPC) have been derived on the basis of oxo-biodegradable polyethylene (PE-HD) from recycling containing 1 % d2w and wood flour with stable parameters up to the amount of 32 wt. %. The properties of the obtained composites were characterized according to EU standard procedures regarding polymer-wood composites. The density, moisture content, combustion heat, flammability (Table 2, Figs. 3, 5—7), resistance to accelerated ageing (Table 1, Fig. 4) and mechanical properties were determined. The analysis were performed for the purpose of determining whether the obtained WPC materials obtained from oxo-biodegradable polymers and wood possess the properties making them suitable for further applications as alternatives for traditional virgin polymers.
Litz: Elastic Framework for High-Performance Distributed Machine Learning

Machine Learning (ML) is an increasingly popular application in the cloud and data-center, inspiring new algorithmic and systems techniques that leverage unique properties of ML applications to improve their distributed performance by orders of magnitude. However, applications built using these techniques tend to be static, unable to elastically adapt to the changing resource availability that is characteristic of multi-tenant environments. Existing distributed frameworks are either inelastic, or offer programming models which are incompatible with the techniques employed by high-performance ML applications. Motivated by these trends, we present Litz, an elastic framework supporting distributed ML applications. We categorize the wide variety of techniques employed by these applications into three general themes -- stateful workers, model scheduling, and relaxed consistency -- which are collectively supported by Litz's programming model. Our implementation of Litz's execution system transparently enables elasticity and low-overhead execution. We implement several popular ML applications using Litz, and show that they can scale in and out quickly to adapt to changing resource availability, as well as how a scheduler can leverage elasticity for faster job completion and more efficient resource allocation. Lastly, we show that Litz enables elasticity without compromising performance, achieving competitive performance with state-of-the-art non-elastic ML frameworks.
Effects of Horizontal Acceleration on Human Visual Acuity and Stereopsis

The effect of horizontal acceleration on human visual acuity and stereopsis is demonstrated in this study. Twenty participants (mean age 22.6 years) were enrolled in the experiment. Acceleration from two different directions was performed at the Taiwan High-Speed Rail Laboratory. Gx and Gy (< and >0.1 g) were produced on an accelerating platform where the subjects stood. The visual acuity and stereopsis of the right eye were measured before and during the acceleration. Acceleration <0.1 g in the X- or Y-axis did not affect dynamic vision and stereopsis. Vision decreased (mean from 0.02 logMAR to 0.25 logMAR) and stereopsis declined significantly (mean from 40 s to 60.2 s of arc) when Gx > 0.1 g. Visual acuity worsened (mean from 0.02 logMAR to 0.19 logMAR) and poor stereopsis was noted (mean from 40 s to 50.2 s of arc) when Gy > 0.1 g. The effect of acceleration from the X-axis on the visual system was higher than that from the Y-axis. During acceleration, most subjects complained of ocular strain when reading. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report the exact levels of visual function loss during Gx and Gy.
Social cognitive theory variables mediation of moderate exercise.

OBJECTIVE To identify the degree to which the social cognitive theory constructs targeted by the Planning to Be Active Program (PBA) were mediators of moderate-intensity exercise. METHODS High school students in treatment and comparison groups received activity-based physical education. The treatment group also received PBA, which develops self-regulation skills to promote leisure-time exercise. RESULTS PBA increased self-regulation scores, social situation scores, and moderate-intensity exercise. Self-regulation and social situation mediated moderate-intensity exercise at posttest. CONCLUSIONS As mediators, self-regulation and social situation help explain how PBA produces increases in moderate-intensity exercise.
Temperature- and bus traffic- aware data placement in 3D-stacked cache

As technology scales, increasing capacity of cache memory leads to increase in leakage power dissipation, especially in three-dimensional (3D) IC with high thermal density. In this paper, we explore how cache data can be mapped on a multi-processor architecture in 3D IC to minimize energy consumption with considering temperature distribution and bus traffic congestion. Simulation results based on ILP (Integer Linear Programming) formulation show that the proposed cache data mapping approach achieves up to 30.7% energy reduction compared to the case of considering temperature distribution only.
Automatic generation of cloze items for prepositions

Fill-in-the-blank questions, or cloze items, are commonly used in language learning applications. The benefits of personalized items, tailored to the user’s interest and proficiency, have motivated research on automatic generation of cloze items. This paper is concerned with generating cloze items for prepositions, whose usage often poses problems for non-native speakers of English. The quality of a cloze item depends on the choice of distractors. We propose two methods, based on collocations and on non-native English corpora, to generate distractors for prepositions. Both methods are found to be more successful in attracting users than a baseline that relies only on word frequency, a common criterion in past research. Index Terms: computer-assisted language learning, natural language generation
Graphene Intermediate Layer in Tandem Organic Photovoltaic Cells

One strategy to harvest wide spectral solar energy is to stack different bandgap materials together in a tandem solar cell. Here, it is demonstrated that CVD grown graphene film can be employed as intermediate layer (IML) in tandem solar cells. Using MoO3‐modified graphene IML, a high open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1 V and a high short‐circuit current density (Jsc) of 11.6 mA cm‐2 could be obtained in series and parallel connection, respectively, in contrast to a Voc of 0.58 V and Jsc of 7.6 mA cm‐2 in single PV cell. The value of Voc (Jsc) in the tandem cell is very close to the sum of Voc (Jsc) attained from two single subcells in series (parallel), which confirms good ohmic contact at the photoactive layer/MoO3‐modified graphene interface. Work function engineering of the graphene IML with metal oxide is essential to ensure good charge collection from both subcells.
Stress Distribution Around Dental Implants Placed at Different Depths

Introduction:The progressive bone loss at the neck of dental implant is a clinical concern since it affects the maintenance of dental aesthetics. The current study evaluated the influence of insertion depth, prosthetic connection, and type of loading on the stress distribution around dental implants, using photoelastic evaluation. Materials and Methods:A total of three blocks of photoelastic resin for each type of implant connection (external hexagon, external hexagon flattened, internal hexagon, and Morse taper) were built. Each block differed in the position of the implant platform in relative to the upper margin of the block: I (2 mm below), II (at the same level), and III (2 mm above). A force of 100 N was applied to both straight and tilted abutments. Totally, 4 selected points were evaluated at 1 side of the implant. Quantitative data were collected for the statistical analysis. Results:A multiple linear regression showed the relation between the stress distribution and the insertion depth. For all the implant types, both with straight and tilted abutments, group I presented the lowest stress concentration around the fixture when compared with group II and III (P < 0.05). Conclusions:Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that the deeper the insertion, the lower the stress concentration.
A new platinum-bromine cyclohexanediamine complex from the family of cancer cytostatics.

Another new substance from the family of Pt-based coordination complexes with potential use in cancer chemotherapy has been synthesized, crystallized and structurally characterized. In this compound {systematic name cis-dibromido[(1R,2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-κ(2)N,N']platinum(II)}, cis-[PtBr(2)(C(6)H(14)N(2))], there are two molecules with very similar conformations in the asymmetric unit. The component species interact by way of N-H.Br and C-H.Br hydrogen bonds to give two-dimensional networks which lie parallel to the (100) plane.
A Multi-Wavelength Opto-Electronic Patch Sensor to Effectively Detect Physiological Changes against Human Skin Types

Different skin pigments among various ethnic group people have an impact on spectrometric illumination on skin surface. To effectively capture photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals, a multi-wavelength opto-electronic patch sensor (OEPS) together with a schematic architecture of electronics were developed to overcome the drawback of present PPG sensor. To perform a better in vivo physiological measurement against skin pigments, optimal illuminations in OEPS, whose wavelength is compatible with a specific skin type, were optimized to capture a reliable physiological sign of heart rate (HR). A protocol was designed to investigate an impact of five skin types in compliance with Von Luschan’s chromatic scale. Thirty-three healthy male subjects between the ages of 18 and 41 were involved in the protocol implemented by means of the OEPS system. The results show that there is no significant difference (p: 0.09, F = 3.0) in five group tests with the skin types across various activities throughout a series of consistent measurements. The outcome of the present study demonstrates that the OEPS, with its multi-wavelength illumination characteristics, could open a path in multiple applications of different ethnic groups with cost-effective health monitoring.
DownlinK power allocation in virtualized wireless networks

Virtualized wireless networks is one of the techniques to satisfy the increasing demand of mobile data services and for future wireless network. Nework virtualization enables efficient resource utilization and it also reduces capital expenditures and operational expenditures of mobile network operators (MNOs). In this paper, we present virtualized wireless network where users of each service provider (SP) are served by an infrastructure provider (InP) who owns a set eNBs. We propose the problem of power allocation of each user that belongs to service providers. We aim to maximize the total rate of mobile users with limited power. We introduce Dual decomposition technique to address the optimization problem.
Parallel Prefix Polymorphism Permits Parallelization, Presentation &amp; Proof

Polymorphism in programming languages enables code reuse. Here, we show that polymorphism has broad applicability far beyond computations for technical computing: parallelism in distributed computing, presentation of visualizations of runtime data flow, and proofs for formal verification of correctness. The ability to reuse a single codebase for all these purposes provides new ways to understand and verify parallel programs.