Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Jasmonic acid and glucose synergistically modulate the accumulation of glucosinolates in Arabidopsis thaliana

The interplay of plant hormones and glucose (Glu) in regulating glucosinolate accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated in this study. Glucose-induced glucosinolate biosynthesis was enhanced significantly by the addition of jasmonic acid (JA), whereas the synergistic effect of salicylic acid (SA) and Glu was less obvious. The enhanced glucosinolate accumulation is associated with elevated expression of genes in glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway, as well as the transcription factors involved in their regulation, such as MYB28, MYB29, MYB34, and MYB122. The induction of indolic and aliphatic glucosinolates after treatment with JA and Glu in JA-insensitive mutants, coi1, jar1, and jin1, was compromised. Moreover, the effect of JA and Glu on glucosinolate contents was dramatically reduced in Glu-insensitive mutants, rgs1-2 and abi5-7. These results indicate a crosstalk between JA and Glu signalling in the regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis. JA signalling, RGS1 (the putative membrane receptor of Glu signalling), and ABI5, are involved in the synergistic effect of JA and Glu on glucosinolate accumulation.
Theoretical Locations of Mugabeism, Land “Terrorism,” and Third Chimurenga Neo-Coloniality Discourse in Zimbabwe: A Rejoinder of a Revolutionary

The subject of coloniality is a phenomenon of consciousness. It explores belief systems, culture, and ethics using conviction and rhetorical force. Mugabe is good at captivating rhetoric. His sophisticated philosophical conundrum derives from modernity, emancipation as it looks at land as a political and economic structure of decolonization. Thus, in him, the belief of self-consciousness and conviction leads to positive confrontation and violence. Peace is universally known to be a product of protracted violence. Zimbabwe went through a war of colonial genocide and mass massacres in the Second Chimurenga. Mugabe’s decolonial agenda is an epistemological extension of coloniality and neo-colonial struggles originated and revisited by Amilcar Cabral, Frantz Fanon, Walter Rodney, Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, and Samora Machel. Mugabeism thrives on instilling fear into the perpetrators of violence and imperialism by using rhetoric. The doctrine—therefore—reaffirms emancipation and empowerment through postcolonial agrarian revolution rather than “land grabs. ” Its magnetic effect is like opposite poles of a magnet—revolutionary versus dictatorship—sharply in contra-distinction with repression, barbarism, and cannibalism. Mugabeism means working toward a common vision of human life for Africans, it means emancipation and freedom. It is a life which is not dependent on an imposed superstructure of oppression of Blacks by Caucasians.
Template detection for large scale search engines

Templates in web sites hurt search engine retrieval performance, especially in content relevance and link analysis. Current template removal methods suffer from processing speed and scalability when dealing with large volume web pages. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage template detection method, which combines template detection and removal with the index building process of a search engine. First, web pages are segmented into blocks and blocks are clustered according to their style features. Second, similar contents sharing the common layout style are detected during the index building process. The blocks with similar layout style and content are identified as templates and deleted. Our experiment on eight popular web sites shows that our method achieves 20-40% faster than shingle and SST methods with close accuracy.
An architecture for concurrent execution of secure environments in clouds

We propose an architecture that enables the creation and management of multiple, concurrent secure execution environments on multi-core systems. Our architecture is suitable for use in cloud settings where each user may require an independent secure environment within which he can run his sensitive applications. Our solution effectively scales architectures like Intel TXT which, both on single- and multi-core platforms, support the creation of only one secure environment. Unlike existing solutions that require significant hypervisor participation, our architecture relies on light-weight processor extensions and a novel hardware-based virtualized TPM that supports multiple, concurrent dynamic root of trust requests from different VMs. This, together with the virtualization extensions in modern processors, allows the use of a disengaged hypervisor that is only responsible for VM management (i.e., creation, deletion, startup, shutdown) and is not involved in the creation or management of secure execution environments. Such disengagement not only reduces hypervisor complexity but also its interaction with guest VMs and hence, the risk of system compromise. We show that our architecture provides guest applications independent secure environments within which they can concurrently execute, and protects them against other compromised system components including malicious VMs and peripherals. We also demonstrate the feasibility of realizing our architecture by emulating and testing it using QEMU.
A model for temporal coordination of disaster response activities

One problem for public safety organizations in a disaster is the management of response activities and their dependencies on an intra-and inter-organizational level. Our interviews with end users have shown that current solutions for managing activities are complicated to use in the crisis by teams in the field and also in operation centers, when facing continuous unexpected events and cross-organizational activities. We propose an activity centric system for managing crisis response activities for such situations. We give an example how this system is used in a crisis within one organization and cross-organizations. Afterwards, we explain the evaluation of the solution. This research contributes not only to the crisis management domain, but also to the business process management domain by providing an alternative view on activities in highly dynamic scenarios.
Dilaton production in string cosmology.

We consider the coupled evolution of density, (scalar) metric and dilaton perturbations in the transition from a “stringy” phase of growing curvature and gravitational coupling to the standard radiation-dominated cosmology. We show that dilaton production, with a spectrum tilted towards large frequencies, emerges as a general property of this scenario. We discuss the frame-independence of the dilaton spectrum and of the inflationary properties of the metric background by using, as model of source, a pressureless gas of weakly interacting strings, which is shown to provide an approximate but consistent solution to the full system of background equations and string equations of motion. We combine various cosmological bounds on a growing dilaton spectrum with the bound on the dilaton mass obtained from tests of the equivalence principle, and we find allowed windows compatible with a universe presently dominated by a relic background of dilatonic dark matter.
Paraphrasing Swedish Compound Nouns in Machine Translation

This paper examines the effect of paraphrasing noun-noun compounds in statistical machine translation from Swedish to English. The paraphrases are meant to elicit the underlying relationship that holds between the compounding nouns, with the use of prepositional and verb phrases. Though some types of noun-noun compounds are too lexicalized, or have some other qualities that make them unsuitable for paraphrasing, a set of roughly two hundred noun-noun compounds are identified, split and paraphrased to be used in experiments on statistical machine translation. The results indicate a slight improvement in translation of the paraphrased compound nouns, with a minor loss in overall BLEU score.
Missing experiments in quantum mechanics

We discuss the two-slit experiment and the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) experiment in the magnetic field. In such a case the electron moving in the magnetic field produces so called synchrotron radiation. In other words the photons are emitted from the points of the electron trajectory and it means that the trajectory of electron is visible in the synchrotron radiation spectrum. The axiomatic system of quantum mechanics does not enable to define the trajectory of the elementary particle. The two-slit experiment and AB experiment in a magnetic field was never performed and it means that they are the missing experiments of quantum mechanics. The extension of the discussion to the cosmical rays moving in the magnetic field of the Saturn magnetosphere and its rings is mentioned. It is related to the probe CASSINI. The solution of the problem in the framework of the hydrodynamical model of quantum mechanics and the nonlinear quantum mechanics is also mentioned.
Fast wavelet histogram techniques for image indexing

Image histograms have become very popular in image and video indexing applications because of their low complexity. However, histogram-based techniques are not efficient in retrieving texture images. A histogram technique that exploits the directional properties of a wavelet transform has been proposed in the literature. Although, this technique provides good retrieval performance for texture images, its complexity is very high. We propose fast wavelet histogram techniques that provide superior performance at a substantially reduced complexity.
A simple DOP model for constituency parsing of Italian sentences

We present a simplified Data-Oriented Parsing (DOP) formalism for learning the constituency structure of Italian sentences. In our approach we try to simplify the original DOP methodology by constraining the number and type of fragments we extract from the training corpus. We provide some examples of the types of constructions that occur more often in the treebank, and quantify the performance of our grammar on the constituency parsing task.
Celecoxib loses its anti‐inflammatory efficacy at high doses through activation of NF‐κB

Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitor, has recently been approved for the symptomatic treatment of arthritis. In some clinical studies, doses of 400 and 800 mg/day provided somewhat less efficacy compared with 200 mg/day, which suggests an early ceiling effect. Using the zymosan‐induced inflammation model in rats, we show that celecoxib significantly reduces paw swelling at 50 mg/kg but completely loses its anti‐inflammatory efficacy at doses ≥100 mg/kg. To evaluate the underlying mechanisms, we used rat renal mesangial cells as a cell culture model. In these cells, celecoxib (50 μM) increased the interleukin Iβ stimulated nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NF‐κB and facilitated the degradation of I‐κB. Consequently, COX‐2 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) expression were increased. The up‐regulation of COX‐2 and TNF‐α also occurred in the spinal cord of rats treated with celecoxib (≥100 mg/kg), indicating that in vitro mechanisms were relevant in vivo. Clinically, the overexpression of COX‐2 might be less important because celecoxib inhibits COX‐2 enzymatically. However, the up‐regulation of TNF‐α and possibly other NF‐κB regulated proinflammatory genes might worsen the pathophysiological processes underlying chronic arthritis.
Compiling java for low-end embedded systems

The production of embedded systems is continuously increasing, but developing reusable software for such systems is notoriously difficult, in particular in the case of low-end embedded systems based on 16-bit or 8-bit processors. We have developed a compilation system for executing Java byte code on low-end embedded systems, and we demonstrate how this system permits object-oriented programming techniques to be used on devices with only a few hundred bytes of RAM and a few kilobytes of ROM.We analyze the execution overheads of using object-orien\-ted programming on low-end embedded systems. Based on the conclusion that memory consumption is the major obstacle, we show how the configuration features and optimizations integrated into our compiler can be used to significantly reduce memory requirements. In particular, we use a novel approach based on Java interfaces to control integration of Java programs with the hardware, and demonstrate how aggressive whole-program optimization can significantly reduce the size of the compiled program.
Towards faster string matching for intrusion detection or exceeding the speed of Snort

Network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) often rely on exact string matching techniques. Depending on the choice of algorithm, implementation and the frequency with which it is applied, this pattern matching may become a performance bottleneck. To keep up with increasing network speeds and traffic, NIDS can take advantage of advanced string matching algorithms. We describe the effectiveness of a significantly faster approach to pattern matching in the open source NIDS Snort.
The Impact of Incarceration on Food Insecurity Among Households with Children

This study seeks to determine the role that parental incarceration plays on the probability of food insecurity among families with children and very low food security of children using micro-level data from the Fragile Families and Child Well Being Study (FFCWS). The data set contains the 18-question food security module which allows us to explore the link between incarceration and food insecurity and very low food security among children, families, and adults. The incidence of very low food security in our data is somewhat higher than the national average, but the incidence of other levels of food security is similar to national aggregates. Since there is likely reverse causality in the relationship between parental incarceration and food insecurity, we employ a variety of program evaluation techniques to identify the causal relationship between food insecurity and parental incarceration. We employ imputation techniques to account for non-response among the food security variables and independent variables. Our ordinary least squares results suggest that having at least one parent that has ever been incarcerated has a small positive effect (1 to 4 percentage points) on the probability of very low food security among children, adults and households with children, but the results are sensitive to specification and in most regressions, the incarceration variable is not significantly different from zero. Food insecurity for adults and households with children (a less dire level of food insecurity than very low food security) is affected by parental incarceration under most specifications with magnitudes of impact from 4 to 15 percentage points. This research provides some evidence that incarceration adversely affects children and families in terms of food insecurity. Policies to mitigate the impact could be addressed through the court system whereby children are provided with court-sanctioned support to address food needs.
The aging biological clock in Neurospora crassa

The biological clock affects aging through ras-1 (bd) and lag-1, and these two longevity genes together affect a clock phenotype and the clock oscillator in Neurospora crassa. Using an automated cell-counting technique for measuring conidial longevity, we show that the clock-associated genes lag-1 and ras-1 (bd) are true chronological longevity genes. For example, wild type (WT) has an estimated median life span of 24 days, while the double mutant lag-1, ras-1 (bd) has an estimated median life span of 120 days for macroconidia. We establish the biochemical function of lag-1 by complementing LAG1 and LAC1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with lag-1 in N. crassa. Longevity genes can affect the clock as well in that, the double mutant lag-1, ras-1 (bd) can stop the circadian rhythm in asexual reproduction (i.e., banding in race tubes) and lengthen the period of the frequency oscillator to 41 h. In contrast to the ras-1 (bd), lag-1 effects on chronological longevity, we find that this double mutant undergoes replicative senescence (i.e., the loss of replication function with time), unlike WT or the single mutants, lag-1 and ras-1 (bd). These results support the hypothesis that sphingolipid metabolism links aging and the biological clock through a common stress response
Proposal of Delegation Using Electronic Certificates on Single Sign-On System with SAML-Protocol

We propose a delegation function on web-based applications federated with a single sign-on system, in which users are authenticated by their electronic certificate, based on SAML protocol. The function enables a delegatee to access web-based business applications instead of delegator. In order to realize the function, we first design the contents and issuing process of the electronic ''delegation certificate'' using extended certificate authority system, from a view point of easy and secure operation. Next, delegation operation between delegator and delegatee is realized in the extended single sign-on system with identity provider and several service providers by using SAML protocol, without customizing web-application. Finally we evaluate proposed system through several kinds of operation. The experimental usage by some delegators and delegatees indicates that the delegation function and its system is sufficiently acceptable because of easy operation.
Improving Performances of BoW-based Image Retrieval by Using Contextual Keypoint Descriptors

The paper reports an improved method of content-based image retrieval using a well-known method of bag-of words (BoW). Words built over descriptors of popular affine-invariant keypoint detectors (Harris-Affine and Hessian-Affine are exemplary choices) are used. What is novel, however, is the number of descriptors (i.e. the number of words) representing individual keypoints. Instead of SIFT (or another alternative descriptors SIFT-like descriptors representing both visual properties of keypoints and their local configurations are proposed (adopted from our previous works). In average, each keypoint has 10-15 such descriptors, but the increased size of BoW representation is in our opinion acceptable because of significant performance improvements in BoW-based image retrieval, as shown in a feasibility study on a popular benchmark dataset. Such an improvement is possible because very large vocabularies can be built over the proposed descriptors without compromising the sensitivity of words to minor geometric and photometric distortions.
Web search using automatic classification

We study the automatic classification of Web documents into pre-specified categories, with the objective of increasing the precision of Web search. We describe experiments in which we classify documents into high-level categories of the Yahoo! taxonomy, and a simple search architecture and implementation using this classification. The validation of our classification experiments offers interesting insights into the power of such automatic classification, as well as into the nature of Web content. Our research indicates that Web classification and search tools must compensate for artifices such as Web spamming that have resulted from the very existence of such tools.
Semantic Stability and Implicit Consensus in Social Tagging Streams

One potential disadvantage of social tagging systems is that due to the lack of a centralized vocabulary, a crowd of users may never manage to reach a consensus on the description of resources (e.g., books, images, users, or songs) on the Web. Yet, previous research has provided interesting evidence that the tag distributions of resources in social tagging systems may become semantically stable over time, as more and more users tag them and implicitly agree on the relative importance of tags for a resource. At the same time, previous work has raised an array of new questions such as: 1) how can we assess semantic stability in a robust and methodical way? 2) does the semantic stabilization varies across different social tagging systems and ultimately, and 3) what are the factors that can explain semantic stabilization in such systems? In this work, we tackle these questions by: 1) presenting a novel and robust method, which overcomes a number of limitations in existing methods; 2) empirically investigating semantic stabilization in different social tagging systems with distinct domains and properties; and 3) detecting potential causes of stabilization and implicit consensus, specifically imitation behavior, shared background knowledge and intrinsic properties of natural language. Our results show that tagging streams that are generated by a combination of imitation dynamics and shared background knowledge exhibit faster and higher semantic stability than tagging streams that are generated via imitation dynamics or natural language phenomena alone.
Basic Properties and Design Principles of UWB Antennas

Basic principles for ultra-wide-band (UWB) radiation are presented and discussed in this paper. The discussion starts with a description of the influence of antennas on UWB transmission. The parameters characterizing antennas in time and in frequency domain are specified. Since the number of possible antenna structures is nearly unlimited, the focus will be on a classification according to different radiation principles. For each of these mechanisms, the typical advantages and disadvantages are discussed, and an example antenna and its characteristics are presented. For a wireless engineer, the problem to solve is the proper design of an antenna with the desired radiation characteristics. The final outcome of this paper is that there exist numbers of UWB antennas, but not each of them is suited for any application, especially in view of radar and communication systems requirements.
Monaco: A DSL Approach for Programming Automation Systems

In this paper we present the language Monaco, which is a DSL for programming event-based, reactive automation solutions. The main purpose of the language is to bring automation programming closer to the domain experts and end users. Important design goals therefore have been to keep the language simple and allow writing programs which are close to the perception of domain experts. The language Monaco is similar to Statecharts in its expressive power, however, adopts an imperative notation. Moreover, Monaco adopts a state-of-the-art component approach with interfaces and polymorphic implementations and it enforces strict hierarchical communication architectures which support the hierarchical abstraction of control tasks. We discuss the main design goals, the essential programming elements, and the visual program representation and illustrate how the language supports hierarchical abstraction of control functionality by an example application.
A Stimulus-Oriented Approach to Memory

Our understanding of short-term recognition memory can be enhanced by careful choice and control of test materials. Theory-driven manipulation of memory test stimuli, including visual textures, human faces, and complex sounds, minimize individual differences and make it possible to predict recognition performance for specific combinations of stimulus items. This stimulus-oriented approach to memory reveals that stimulus similarity plays two different important roles in recognition memory. By exploiting tools used in psychophysics, it is possible to generate mnemometric functions—detailed “snapshots” that capture key features of subjects' memory strength.