Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a mutant-selective covalent inhibitor of EGFR that overcomes T790M-mediated resistance in NSCLC.

UNLABELLED Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating EGF receptor (EGFR) mutations initially respond to first-generation reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, clinical efficacy is limited by acquired resistance, frequently driven by the EGFR(T790M) mutation. CO-1686 is a novel, irreversible, and orally delivered kinase inhibitor that specifically targets the mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, while exhibiting minimal activity toward the wild-type (WT) receptor. Oral administration of CO-1686 as single agent induces tumor regression in EGFR-mutated NSCLC tumor xenograft and transgenic models. Minimal activity of CO-1686 against the WT EGFR receptor was observed. In NSCLC cells with acquired resistance to CO-1686 in vitro, there was no evidence of additional mutations or amplification of the EGFR gene, but resistant cells exhibited signs of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and demonstrated increased sensitivity to AKT inhibitors. These results suggest that CO-1686 may offer a novel therapeutic option for patients with mutant EGFR NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE We report the preclinical development of a novel covalent inhibitor, CO-1686, that irreversibly and selectively inhibits mutant EGFR, in particular the T790M drug-resistance mutation, in NSCLC models. CO-1686 is the fi rst drug of its class in clinical development for the treatment of T790M-positive NSCLC, potentially offering potent inhibition of mutant EGFR while avoiding the on-target toxicity observed with inhibition of the WT EGFR.
Critical social thinking

As technology, globalization, changing work demands, and a growing reliance on teams are changing the work environment, the social complexity surrounding work functions is increasing dramatically. While a variety of socially relevant knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) have been examined, we argue that studying them in isolation is no longer sufficient, as individuals require a repertoire of KSAs that must be utilized in combination to be effective in complex social situations. Thus, we propose the construct critical social thinking (CST), a holistic, integrated approach to understanding the processes that enable individuals to function in such settings, and the KSAs that are necessary for each process. Because the significance of the CST construct is closely tied to the growing need for it in practice, we also integrate disparate training findings and link them to components of our conceptual model, enabling us to put forth initial insights regarding the approaches through which CST can be trained effectively.
Comparison of laser induced effects on hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates by means of scanning electron microscopy

Various laser systems have been used for volume reduction of hyperplastic inferior nasal turbinates. Many studies have thus reported about clinical experiences concerning short and long term results. Although there are also some clinical investigations on histological changes after laser treatment, there is a lack of examinations by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to especially investigate laser induced superficial tissue effects (ablation, carbonization, and coagulation).
Dialog act modeling for virtual personal assistant applications using a small volume of labeled data and domain knowledge

Recently, virtual personal assistant (VPA) applications have been employed in mobile devices, which provide a natural and convenient interface between human and machines. As the VPA services become popular, consumers demand for a wider service than their scope, so the rapid development becomes more important. This paper introduces a dialog act modeling approach for VPA applications, which is an extension of a Latent Dirichlet Allocation model. This approach enables the rapid and cost-effective development by reducing human efforts for manual labeling and the development of a fail-safe product by incorporating domain knowledge such as dictionaries, cross-lingual data, and logic rules. The experimental results showed that a reliable and high-performance dialog act model was built only with a small volume of labeled data and domain knowledge.
Avatars in Nursing: An Integrative Review

This integrative review explored the use of avatars and virtual worlds in education, synthesizing the articles and findings and presenting implications for nurse educators. Evaluation of available publications concluded that avatars allow students to practice in a safe environment, enhancing learning. The need now is for faculty who use avatars and virtual worlds in their teaching to plan more robust outcomes assessment that evaluates if the acquired knowledge of students, met program objectives, and achieved improved patient outcomes.
Multiple genes are required for proper insertion of secretory proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum in yeast

Genes that function in translocation of secretory protein precursors into the ER have been identified by a genetic selection for mutant yeast cells that fail to translocate a signal peptide-cytosolic enzyme hybrid protein. The new mutants, sec62 and sec63, are thermosensitive for growth and accumulate a variety of soluble secretory and vacuolar precursors whose electrophoretic mobilities coincide with those of the corresponding in vitro translated polypeptides. Proteolytic sensitivity of precursor molecules in extracts of mutant cells confirms that polypeptide translocation is blocked. Some form of interaction among the SEC61 (Deshaies, R. J., and R. Schekman. 1987. J. Cell Biol. 105:633-645), SEC62 and SEC63 gene products is suggested by the observation that haploid cells containing any pair of the mutations are inviable at 24 degrees C and show a marked enhancement of the translocation defect. The translocation defects of two mutants (sec62 and sec63) have been reproduced in vitro. sec63 microsomes display low and thermolabile translocation activity for prepro-alpha-factor (pp alpha F) synthesized with a cytosol fraction from wild type yeast. These gene products may constitute part of the polypeptide recognition or translocation apparatus of the ER membrane. Pulse-chase analysis of the translocation-defective mutants demonstrates that insertion of pp alpha F into the ER can proceed posttranslationally.
Confounding effects of spatial variation on shifts in phenology

Shifts in the timing of life history events have become an important source of information about how organisms are responding to climate change. Phenological data have generally been treated as purely temporal, with scant attention to the inherent spatial aspects of such data. However, phenological data are tied to a specific location, and considerations of sampling design, both over space and through time, can critically affect the patterns that emerge. Focusing on flowering phenology, we describe how purely spatial shifts, such as adding new study plots, or the colonization of a study plot by a new species, can masquerade as temporal shifts. Such shifts can look like responses to climate change but are not. Furthermore, the same aggregate phenological curves can be composed of individuals with either very different or very similar phenologies. We conclude with a set of recommendations to avoid ambiguities arising from the spatiotemporal duality of phenological data.
Tropical plant supplementation effects on the performance and parasite burden of goats

Objective Examine the effects of supplementing bahiagrass hay (BG) with potentially anthelmintic quantities of hays of perennial peanut (PEA) or sericea lespedeza (LES) or seeds of velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens L.; MUC) or papaya (PAP) on the intake and nutritive value (Experiment 1), and the performance and parasite burden (Experiment 2) of goats. Methods In Experiment 1, 38 male goats (27.4±5.7 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to each of 5 treatments: i) BG alone and BG plus; ii) PEA; iii) LES; iv) MUC; and v) PAP. Goats were fed for ad libitum consumption and adapted to the diets for 14 d followed by 7 d of measurement. The PEA, LES, MUC (50%, 50%, and 10% of the diet dry matter [DM], respectively), and PAP (forced-fed at 10 g/d) were fed at rates that would elicit anthelmintic effects. In Experiment 2, goats remained in the same treatments but were allocated to 15 pens (3 pens per treatment) from d 22 to 63. All goats were infected with parasites by grazing an infected bahiagrass pasture from 0800 to 1500 h daily and then returned to the pens. Results Dry matter intake tended to be greater in goats fed PEA and LES than those fed BG (757 and 745 vs 612 g/d, respectively). Digestibility of DM (59.5% vs 54.9%) and organic matter (60.8% vs 56.0%) were greater in goats fed MUC vs BG, respectively. In Experiment 2, feeding PAP, LES, and PEA to goats reduced nematode fecal egg counts by 72%, 52%, and 32%, reduced abomasal adult worm counts by 78%, 52%, and 42%, and decreased plasma haptoglobin concentrations by 42%, 40%, and 45% relative to feeding BG alone, respectively. Conclusion Supplementation with PEA, LES, and PAP decreased the parasite burden of goats but did not increase their performance. PAP was the most effective anthelmintic supplement.
A Comparison of Two Peripheral Displays for Monitoring Email : Measuring Usability , Awareness , and Distraction

Email overloading is an ongoing problem for information workers. One critical phase of email management involves deciding whether to respond to the arrival of a new message. We present the design and evaluation of two displays intended to support this activity (a Ticker and a physically-based colored Orb). Both are peripheral displays, designed to sit at the periphery of a user’s attention. Unlike previous displays, our most successful display was easily visible even off the desktop, and both our displays limit notifications to emails that pass through a filter, thus limiting notifications about spam and other less useful emails. Surprisingly, our animated Ticker was not distracting. Both displays were well liked and supported awareness. We also present a comparison of the relative merits of different methods for measuring usability, awareness, and distraction in the lab and the field. Our results suggest that a combination of techniques is most informative for peripheral display design.
Geometry of q-Exponential Family of Probability Distributions

The Gibbs distribution of statistical physics is an exponential family of probability distributions, which has a mathematical basis of duality in the form of the Legendre transformation. Recent studies of complex systems have found lots of distributions obeying the power law rather than the standard Gibbs type distributions. The Tsallis q-entropy is a typical example capturing such phenomena. We treat the q-Gibbs distribution or the q-exponential family by generalizing the exponential function to the q-family of power functions, which is useful for studying various complex or non-standard physical phenomena. We give a new mathematical structure to the q-exponential family different from those previously given. It has a dually flat geometrical structure derived from the Legendre transformation and the conformal geometry is useful for understanding it. The q-version of the maximum entropy theorem is naturally induced from the q-Pythagorean theorem. We also show that the maximizer of the q-escort distribution is a Bayesian MAP (Maximum A posteriori Probability) estimator.
Preservice Teachers’ Intention to Adopt Technology in Their Future Classrooms

This study examined four factors that influence preservice teachers’ intentions to adopt technology in classrooms based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Technology Acceptance Model. These four factors—technology self-efficacy, attitudes toward technology, perceived ease of use of technology, and perceived barriers of technology adoption—were explored through a multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that technology self-efficacy, attitudes toward technology, and perceived ease of use of technology were significantly predictive of technology adoption intentions when the other predictors were statistically controlled. Perceived barriers of technology adoption was not a significant predictor. Gender analyses were conducted showing no significant difference on all the factors between male and female. Practical and theoretical implications were addressed either to guide practitioners in designing teacher professional development program or assist researchers in their future study.
Transforming the media: a cultural approach

As this talk comes at the end of the first day of the Seminar on the Political Economy of the Southern African Media, the title of this article needs some explaining. At the heart of questions concerning the transformation of the media in South Africa, is a concern about the relationship of the media to the broader social context in which they operate. In short, the question is asked, 'what function does the media serve in society? '. This question has been answered in basically two ways. The one, a liberal view, sees the media as independent 'mirrors' of society, simply 'reflecting' all that takes place. They are deemed to be neutral 'transmitters' of information in a society in which citizens are dependent on this information in order to make various kinds of democratic decisions. The media are thus seen as facilitating the process of citizenship. The premises are:
A Novel Soft Machine Table for Manipulation of Delicate Objects Inspired by Caterpillar Locomotion

This paper presents a soft XY machine table inspired by the locomotion of the caterpillar. The proposed table is capable of manipulating objects in three degrees of freedom through the deformation on the soft surface. The softness of the surface enables the table to handle delicate objects such as food products and industry components without damaging them. A novel object manipulation method is inspired by the proleg movement seen in the caterpillar's crawling gait. A prototype of the table's actuation system has been designed and fabricated. Our experimental results prove that the table is able to move an object in both translational and rotational direction. This validates the manipulation concept developed and shows that the challenging task of transporting flat objects is accomplished. A representation method for surface deformation is developed to aid the modeling and control of the physical system in the future.
Evolutionary lazy learning for Naive Bayes classification

Most improvements for Naive Bayes (NB) have a common yet important flaw - these algorithms split the modeling of the classifier into two separate stages - the stage of preprocessing (e.g., feature selection and data expansion) and the stage of building the NB classifier. The first stage does not take the NB's objective function into consideration, so the performance of the classification cannot be guaranteed. Motivated by these facts and aiming to improve NB with accurate classification, we present a new learning algorithm called Evolutionary Local Instance Weighted Naive Bayes or ELWNB, to extend NB for classification. ELWNB combines local NB, instance weighted dataset extension and evolutionary algorithms seamlessly. Experiments on 20 UCI benchmark datasets demonstrate that ELWNB significantly outperforms NB and several other improved NB algorithms.
Co-Primary Multi-Operator Resource Sharing for Small Cell Networks

To tackle the challenge of providing higher data rates within limited spectral resources we consider the case of multiple operators sharing a common pool of radio resources. Four algorithms are proposed to address co-primary multi-operator radio resource sharing under heterogeneous traffic in both centralized and distributed scenarios. The performance of these algorithms is assessed through extensive system-level simulations for two indoor small cell layouts. It is assumed that the spectral allocations of the small cells are orthogonal to the macro network layer and thus, only the small cell traffic is modeled. The main performance metrics are user throughput and the relative amount of shared spectral resources. The numerical results demonstrate the importance of coordination among co-primary operators for an optimal resource sharing. Also, maximizing the spectrum sharing percentage generally improves the achievable throughput gains over non-sharing.
Determination of effective air-gap length of reluctance synchronous motors from experimental data

Because of many advantages of reluctance synchronous motors (RSM) over other motors, their usage in AC drives have been gaining importance for many industry applications. The performance of RSM is greatly dependent on the effective air-gap lengths of the machine along its d and q axes. In this paper, an attempt has been made to obtain the effective air-gap lengths of the machine from the experimental values of direct and quadrature axis reactances by considering the higher permeance and winding space harmonics of a RSM. These reactances are then compared with the coefficients of the magnetizing inductances of the stator windings, obtained by using winding function approach (WFA), to determine the air-gaps. A comparative study has been carried out with different permeance and winding space harmonics. The q-axis air-gap length seems to be much more sensitive to the operating point and the leakage inductance compared to the d-axis air-gap length. Experimental values near no-load have been considered to minimize flux barrier effects, as WFA cannot simulate these effects without changing the length of the pole arc. The effective air-gaps of another salient pole synchronous machine with damper bars have also been determined and compared with various permeance and winding space harmonics, when run as a RSM (without field excitation). This machine did not have flux barriers and hence the results seem to be more accurate.
Panda: Neighbor discovery on a power harvesting budget

Object tracking applications are gaining popularity and will soon utilize Energy Harvesting (EH) low-power nodes that will consume power mostly for Neighbor Discovery (ND) (i.e., identifying nodes within communication range). Although ND protocols were developed for sensor networks, the challenges posed by emerging EH low-power transceivers were not addressed. Therefore, we design an ND protocol tailored for the characteristics of a representative EH prototype: the TI eZ430-RF2500-SEH. We present a generalized model of ND accounting for unique prototype characteristics (i.e., energy costs for transmission/reception, and transceiver state switching times/costs). Then, we present the Power Aware Neighbor Discovery Asynchronously (Panda) protocol in which nodes transition between the sleep, receive, and transmit states. We analyze Panda and select its parameters to maximize the ND rate subject to a homogeneous power budget. We also present Panda-D, designed for non-homogeneous EH nodes. We perform extensive testbed evaluations using the prototypes and study various design tradeoffs. We demonstrate a small difference (less then 2%) between experimental and analytical results, thereby confirming the modeling assumptions. Moreover, we show that Panda improves the ND rate by up to 3x compared to related protocols. Finally, we show that Panda-D operates well under non-homogeneous power harvesting.
A Useful-based Evaluation of Reading Support Systems: Comprehension, Reading Speed and Effective Speed

This paper reports the result of our experiment, the aim of which is to examine the efficiency of reading support systems such as a sentence-machine translation system, a word-machine translation system, and so on. Our evaluation method used in the experiment is able to handle the different reading support systems by assessing the usability of the systems, i.e., comprehension, reading speed, and effective speed. The result shows that the reading-speed procedure is able to evaluate the support systems as well as the comprehension-based procedure proposed by Ohguro (1993) and Fuji et al. (2001).
Low-Complexity Iterative Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation with ICI Elimination for OFDM Systems

In OFDM systems, carrier frequency offset (CFO) between the transmitter and the receiver destroys the orthogonality among subcarriers and induces strong inter-carrier interference (ICI). For the CFO estimation schemes based on frequency-domain pilot signals, the estimation performance is degraded and bounded by the ICI. In this work we propose a novel CFO estimation scheme - PTA-based with ICI elimination (PTA-IE), to improve the CFO estimation performance. By applying an iterative process, the CFO estimation performance can be progressively enhanced, attaining the best achievable performance without ICI. Our proposed scheme can benefit not only the CFO estimation performance but also the demodulation performance on data subcarriers. Moreover, the proposed scheme has low computational complexity without the need of matrix inversion.
Association of conjunctival bacterial infection and female sex in cicatricial trachoma.

PURPOSE Conjunctival infection with non-chlamydial bacteria may play an important role in the progression of trachoma, especially with regard to the development of corneal opacity and blindness. To further characterize the microbiological profile of bacterial conjunctival infections in cicatricial trachoma, a conjunctival swabbing of adults in rural Ethiopia was performed. METHODS In a cross-sectional study conducted in nine Ethiopian villages with hyperendemic trachoma, persons 40 years of age or older with signs or symptoms consistent with trichiasis were recruited and conjunctival swabbing for bacterial pathogens was performed. RESULTS Conjunctival examination and swabbing on 112 females and 36 males were performed. Of the 148 study participants, 101 (68.2%) were confirmed to have trichiasis, and 118 (80%) had conjunctival swabs positive for bacteria. In multivariate analyses, growth of pathogenic conjunctival bacteria was independently associated with trichiasis (odds ratio [OR] 6.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.71-17.7) and female sex (OR 5.90; 95% CI 2.09-16.7). Females were more likely to have swabs positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae than were males (OR 9.09; 95% CI 1.17-70.8). CONCLUSIONS In a region of Ethiopia with endemic trachoma, conjunctival bacterial growth was more common in females than that in males. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, both of which frequently colonize the nasopharynx of children, were more common in females, suggesting that the preponderance of infection in females may be attributable to close contact with children. This finding is consistent with the theory that childcare activities may preferentially expose females to ocular chlamydial infection. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00221364.).