Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dual-Band RF Circuits and Components for Multi-Standard Software Defined Radios

The advent of multi-standard and multi-band software defined radio (SDR) applications has necessitated the design and deployment of dual-band RF components and circuits considering the numerous advantages of such designs over the traditional narrow band circuits and components. For example, a dual-band power amplifier (PA) not only simplifies the hardware complexity but also provides higher reconfigurability [1] and hence makes it a front runner for deployment in SDR architectures [2][3]. Furthermore, the evolution of communication technologies demands the use of dualband/ multi-band RF circuits so as to acc ommodate many standards simultaneously for facilitating and guaranteeing the backward compatibility of future standards (such as 4 G) based system for smooth network migration and upgrades. These technological requirements have also led to commercial introduction of dual-band base stations and repeaters [4][6]. Furthermore, the advancement in CMOS and other MMIC technologies, although, is challenging the transmission line based passive circuit techniques but the high power handling ability of transmission line based circuits are potentially very useful in applications such as the design of high power/high efficiency PAs and transmitters. This article elaborates on the techniques employed in the design of transmission line based dual-band RF components in the context of multi-band/multi-mode SDR architecture, highlighting the problems which need to be addressed during the design process.
2 The Brenier Theorem in One-dimensional Optimal Transportation 2 . 1 The two-marginals optimal transportation problem

By investigating model-independent bounds for exotic options in financial mathematics, a martingale version of the Monge-Kantorovich mass transport problem was introduced in [3, 24]. In this paper, we extend the one-dimensional Brenier’s theorem to the present martingale version. We provide the explicit martingale optimal transference plans for a remarkable class of coupling functions corresponding to the lower and upper bounds. These explicit extremal probability measures coincide with the unique left and right monotone martingale transference plans, which were introduced in [4] by suitable adaptation of the notion of cyclic monotonicity. Instead, our approach relies heavily on the (weak) duality result stated in [3], and provides, as a by-product, an explicit expression for the corresponding optimal semi-static hedging strategies. We finally provide an extension to the multiple marginals case.
RELATION BETWEEN NORMAL MODES AND RAYS : CASE OF THE TORSIONAL OSCILLATION OF A SPHERICAL EARTH WITH A HOMOGENEOUS MANTLE AND A LIQUID CORE

This paper deals with the torsional vibration of radial higher modes of a spherical earth consisting of a homogeneous elastic mantle and a liquid core with special reference to the correspondence relation between normal modes and body waves. The normal modes and the rays assigned by the mode-ray correspondence relation originally derived by Ben-Menahem are related very closely in several aspects even for the normal modes of the low radial modes having small colatitudinal order numbers. This relation connects modes and rays through the identity of the phase velocity of normal modes and the apparent velocity of body waves. Group velocities of the normal modes associated with a certain ray show nearly constant values independent of radial mode numbers, constants being a function of ray parameter. The travel time of surface waves specified by this constant group velocity gives almost the same value as that of the corresponding body wave. In addition, there are close correlations between the two radii, one to the lowermost maximum or zero point of the radial distribution of azimuthal displacement of the normal modes and the other to the deepest point of the ray. The criterion is established which assigns normal modes of minimum numbers required for the construction of respective body wave phases. Direct, reflected and diffracted SH pulses produced by a point source at zero depth are synthesized by summing up contributions from a limited number of normal modes assigned by this criterion, which reveal almost identical patterns to those obtained by the summation of contributions from a large number of modes. It is found that the separation of body wave phases is possible even from the standpoint of the normal mode theory except for pulses having mutually close ray parameters and that normal modes with very large order numbers are needed for the precise construction of pulses traveling the shallow region and that pulses penetrating to the inner region require normal modes up to much higher radial modes with relatively small order numbers.
Interactive comment on “ Estimating N 2 O 5 uptake coefficients using ambient measurements of NO 3 , N 2 O 5 , ClNO 2 and particle-phase nitrate ”

The paper describes a study involving field measurements of nitrogen oxides and atmospheric particulate matter, and analysis aimed at estimating the uptake coefficient (gamma) and yield of nitryl chloride (f) in the heterogeneous processing of dinitrogen pentoxide in the reaction: N2O5 + Cl= ClNO2 + NO3-. The measurement site is at 800m altitude in a rural location in Western Germany, which is influenced by pollution from the adjacent Rhein-Main conurbation, and by long range transport of air of marine origin containing sea salt aerosol. This is the latest of several papers appearing in the literature reporting estimates of N2O5 uptake coefficients and reaction paths on ambient atmospheric aerosol of more or less defined composition. It is known from lab-
Learning to Optimize JoinQueries With Deep Reinforcement Learning

Exhaustive enumeration of all possible join orders is often avoided, andmost optimizers leverage heuristics to prune the search space. The design and implementation of heuristics are well-understood when the cost model is roughly linear, and we find that these heuristics can be significantly suboptimal when there are non-linearities in cost. Ideally, instead of a fixed heuristic, we would want a strategy to guide the search space in a more data-driven way—tailoring the search to a specific dataset and query workload. Recognizing the link between classical Dynamic Programming enumeration methods and recent results in Reinforcement Learning (RL), we propose a new method for learning optimized join search strategies.We present our RL-based DQ optimizer, which currently optimizes select-project-join blocks. We implement three versions of DQ to illustrate the ease of integration into existing DBMSes: (1) A version built on top of Apache Calcite, (2) a version integrated into PostgreSQL, and (3) a version integrated into SparkSQL. Our extensive evaluation shows that DQ achieves plans with optimization costs and query execution times competitive with the native query optimizer in each system, but can execute significantly faster after learning (often by orders of magnitude). ACM Reference format: Sanjay Krishnan1,2, Zongheng Yang1, Ken Goldberg1, Joseph M.Hellerstein1, Ion Stoica1 1RISELab, UCBerkeley 2Computer Science, University of Chicago skr@cs.uchicago. edu {zongheng, goldberg, hellerstein, istoica}@berkeley.edu . 2019. Learning to Optimize Join Queries With Deep Reinforcement Learning. In Proceedings of ACM Conference, Washington, DC, USA, July 2017 (Conference’17), 20 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACMmust be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org. Conference’17, July 2017, Washington, DC, USA © 2019 Association for Computing Machinery. ACM ISBN 978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YY/MM. $15.00 https://doi.org/10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn
Bioinspired Protein Channel-Based Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (Bio-SICM) for Simultaneous Conductance and Specific Molecular Imaging

The utility of stochastic single-molecule detection using protein nanopores has found widespread application in bioanalytical sensing as a result of the inherent signal amplification of the resistive pulse method. Integration of protein nanopores with high-resolution scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) extends the utility of SICM by enabling selective chemical imaging of specific target molecules, while simultaneously providing topographical information about the net ion flux through a pore under a concentration gradient. In this study, we describe the development of a bioinspired scanning ion conductance microscopy (bio-SICM) approach that couples the imaging ability of SICM with the sensitivity and chemical selectivity of protein channels to perform simultaneous pore imaging and specific molecule mapping. To establish the framework of the bio-SICM platform, we utilize the well-studied protein channel α-hemolysin (αHL) to map the presence of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) at a substrate pore opening. We demonstrate concurrent pore and specific molecule imaging by raster scanning an αHL-based probe over a glass membrane containing a single 25-μm-diameter glass pore while recording the lateral positions of the probe and channel activity via ionic current. We use the average channel current to create a conductance image and the raw current–time traces to determine spatial localization of βCD. With further optimization, we believe that the bio-SICM platform will provide a powerful analytical methodology that is generalizable, and thus offers significant utility in a myriad of bioanalytical applications.
Pricing of variable annuities-incorporation of the stochastic surrender behavior of policyholders

Variable annuities represent certain unit-linked life insurance products offering different types of protection commonly referred to as guaranteed minimum benefits (GMXBs). They are designed for the increasing demand of the customers for private pension provision. In this paper we propose a framework for the pricing of variable annuities with guaranteed minimum repayments at maturity and in case of the insured’s death. If the policyholder prematurely surrenders this contract, his right of refund is restriced to the current value of the fund account reduced by the prevailing surrender fee. For the financial market and the mortality model an affine linear setting is chosen. For the surrender model a Cox process is deployed whose intensity is given by a deterministic function (s-curve) with stochastic inputs of the financial market. Hence, the policyholders’ surrender behavior depends on the performance of the financial market and is stochastic. The presented pricing scheme incorporates the stochastic surrender behavior of the policyholders, even though it is only based on suitable closed-form approximations. © 2015 xxxxxxxxx. All rights reserved
ARE POPULATIONS ISLANDS? ANALYSIS OF CHLOROPLAST DNA VARIATION IN AQUILEGIA

The degree to which conspecific populations are interconnected via ongoing gene flow remains an important focus of evolutionary biology. One major difficulty in distinguishing ongoing gene flow from historical subdivision is that either process can generate similar estimates of apparent gene flow. Thus, gene flow estimates themselves are insufficient to distinguish between these alternatives. However, genetic data coupled with additional information about demography and distribution do allow a distinction to be made. Here we address the specific question, does gene flow link populations of Aquilegia? In a survey of a 525 B.P. chloroplast DNA fragment sampled from 251 individual plants from 18 populations of three taxa, five haplotypes were identified. No significant relationship between geographic distance and apparent gene flow between population pairs existed. Further, the estimated level of gene flow was entirely compatible with a historical subdivision of Aquilegia populations during the late Pleistocene or early Holocene. Therefore, these patterns of variation are due not to ongoing gene flow, but rather to historical association among populations. Thus Aquilegia populations may be considered as distinct evolutionary entities with regard to seed‐mediated processes. As a result, comparative analysis of ecological traits undergoing potentially rapid evolution (e.g., life histories, mating systems, inbreeding depression) should be possible in these taxa.
Stability study of variable step size incremental conductance/impedance MPPT for PV systems

This paper proposes a variable step size maximum power point tracking MPPT based on incremental conductance/impedance INC method. In order to design the appropriate variable step size scaling factor, a small signal model for the overall system equipped with the PV model and the INC algorithm has been developed. The optimal value of the variable step size scaling factor has been designed using the root locus technique. The theoretical analysis and the design principle of the proposed stability analysis have been validated using PSIM simulation, and experimentally using digital signal processor DSP.
Direct examination of chromosomal clustering of organ‐specific genes in the chordate Ciona intestinalis

One of challenges in the field of developmental biology is to understand how spatially and/or temporally coordinated expression of genes is controlled at the chromosomal level. It remains controversial whether genes expressed in a given tissue are randomly distributed throughout a given animal genome, or instead resolve into clusters. Here we used microarray analysis to identify more than 1,700 genes that are expressed preferentially in each of 11 organs of the chordate Ciona intestinalis adult, and determined the location of these genes on the 14 pairs of Ciona chromosomes. In spite of extensive mapped gene analysis, we only confirmed small clusters containing two or three genes. Our result indicates that organ‐specific genes are distributed rather evenly all over chromosomes, suggesting that the notion of clustering of organ‐specific genes in animal genomes is not generally applicable to this chordate. genesis 49:662–672, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcome of emergency department patients with delayed admission to an intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVE To compare 30 day mortality, length of stay and cost for adult emergency department patients with a delay in intensive care unit admission of up to 24 h with a group of patients admitted directly from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. METHODS Retrospective cohort study in a 300-bed university affiliated teaching hospital. One hundred and twenty-two adult emergency department patients admitted to the intensive care unit either directly from the emergency department (direct group) or within 24 h of ward admission (delayed group) were identified. The main outcome measures investigated were 30 day mortality, length of stay and cost. RESULTS Thirty day mortality in the delayed group was significantly higher, the risk ratio being 2.46 (95% confidence interval 1.2-5.2). The length of stay and cost were similar in the direct and delayed groups. Baseline estimate of risk of death derived from the mortality probability model calculated from the emergency department data was similar for the two groups (P =0.10). Emergency department triage categorization and emergency department staff seniority was significantly different (chi2 for trends, P = 0.002 and 0.023, respectively), with patients in the delayed group more likely to be triaged as less urgent and to be initially assessed by junior staff. CONCLUSION Our study shows that patients transferred to the intensive care unit within 24 h of ward admission from the emergency department had a significant increase in 30 day mortality compared with patients admitted to the intensive care unit directly from the emergency department, but no difference was found in terms of length of stay and cost.
The significance of motor (A)symmetry in Parkinson's disease

This study was undertaken to evaluate whether the predominant motor distribution pattern (ie, symmetric or asymmetric) observed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) contributes independently to disease severity and progression. We further examine whether this pattern is stable over time, and whether a potential change in pattern affects the course of the disease. We used data from the longitudinal PROPARK study (N > 400) to examine the association of the predominant motor distribution pattern with motor, cognitive, depressive, psychotic, and autonomic symptoms, and with excessive daytime sleepiness. We found that a symmetrical distribution of motor features was associated with poorer performance on nearly all domains, but that this was entirely explained by confounding, in particular by higher age and longer disease duration. We also found that greater asymmetry was associated with younger age, younger age at onset, and shorter disease duration. We further observed a clear tendency to develop a more symmetric distribution pattern as the disease advanced. Conversion to a symmetric pattern was associated with more severe disease, but this conversion did not contribute independently to the less favorable disease course. With increasing age and disease duration comes a clear tendency to develop a more symmetric distribution of motor features in PD. Although this change in distribution pattern is associated with more severe disease as compared with nonconvertors, this pattern change did not contribute independently to the less favorable course. We discuss these findings in light of the evidence from the literature. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Thrombin Generation Assay and Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitors Demonstrate Differences in the Mode of Thrombin Inhibition Between Unfractionated Heparin and Bivalirudin

BACKGROUND:Coagulation tests, such as activated partial thromboplastin time and activated clotting time, are used to monitor the effects of unfractionated heparin and the direct thrombin inhibitor, bivalirudin. These tests reflect only the initial phase of blood clotting, when <5% of thrombin has been formed. In this study, we sought to determine if similar increases in activated partial thromboplastin time or activated clotting time due to heparin or bivalirudin would reflect the same degree of inhibition of thrombin formation. METHODS:Thrombin formation was evaluated in platelet-poor plasma activated in the presence of heparin (0–5 U/mL) or bivalirudin (0–30 &mgr;g/mL) using a thrombin generation assay (Thrombinoscope™). Prothrombin activation was measured by prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F1.2) formation. Thrombus formation was further evaluated in kaolin-activated whole blood samples containing heparin (1.5 or 2.5 U/mL) or bivalirudin (12.5 or 25 &mgr;g/mL) using Sonoclot™ and thromboelastography. RESULTS:Based on the Thrombinoscope results, increasing concentrations of bivalirudin and heparin progressively delayed the onset of thrombin formation, but only heparin dose-dependently decreased the amount of thrombin generated. Heparin and bivalirudin delayed the onset of F1.2 formation, but there was no difference in peak F1.2 levels between bivalirudin and non-anticoagulated samples (206 ± 28.2 vs 182 ± 23.9 nmol/L, P = 0.09). In heparinized samples, F1.2 levels were significantly lower (75.7 ± 29.8 nmol/L, P < 0.05) than controls. Heparin and bivalirudin prolonged the onset of clotting on viscoelastic monitors, but only heparin decreased the rate of thrombus formation. CONCLUSION:Thrombus formation kinetics differs between heparin and bivalirudin despite similar prolongation of clotting test values.
Longitudinal follow‐up of late‐onset Alzheimer disease families

Historically, data for genetic studies are collected at one time point. However, for diseases with late onset or with complex phenotypes, such as Alzheimer disease (AD), restricting diagnosis to a single ascertainment contact may not be sufficient. Affection status may change over time and some initial diagnoses may be inconclusive. Follow‐up provides the opportunity to resolve these complications. However, to date, previous studies have not formally demonstrated that longitudinally re‐contacting families is practical or productive. To update data initially collected for linkage analysis of late‐onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD), we successfully re‐contacted 63 of 81 (78%) multiplex families (two to 17 years after ascertainment). Clinical status changed for 73 of the 230 (32%) non‐affected participants. Additionally, expanded family history identified 20 additional affected individuals to supplement the data set. Furthermore, fostering ongoing relationships with participating families helped recruit 101 affected participants into an autopsy and tissue donation program. Despite similar presentations, discordance between clinical diagnosis and neuropathologic diagnosis was observed in 28% of those with tissue diagnoses. Most of the families were successfully re‐contacted, and significant refinement and supplementation of the data was achieved. We concluded that serial contact with longitudinal evaluation of families has significant implications for genetic analyses. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Formulation and solution of rotary-wing aeroelastic stability and response problems

The state of the art in the formulation and solution of rotary-wing aeroelastic stability and response problems is reviewed in detail. The approximations used in the structural, inertia and aerodynamic operators are discussed. The important role of geometric nonlinearities, due to moderate deflections, and aerodynamic stall in the aeroelastic stability and response problem are identified. It is also shown that geometric nonlinearities are of primary importance in aeroelastic stability calculations, and have a more limited, though important, role in response calculations. Next, formulation of coupled rotor/fuselage problems is described, for both air and ground resonance type problems. Both topics, the isolated blade problem and the coupled rotor/fuselage problem, are treated for both hover and forward flight. Solution of aeroelastic stability and response problems proceeds in two stages. First, the spatial dependence is eliminated by using Galerkin's method, or by using the finite element method. Next the nonlinear, or linear, ordinary differential equation with periodic coefficients have to be solved for stability or response. Efficient numerical methods for accomplishing these objectives are presented in a comprehensive manner. The paper contains a number of illustrative numerical results which are intended to clarify various aspects of the modeling process and serve as representative results for both aeroelastic stability and response calculations for a variety of blade and rotor configurations.