Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A framework for building organizational capacity integrating planning, monitoring, and evaluation.

BACKGROUND HIV prevention organizations are increasingly adopting more intensive and evidence-based strategies with the goal of protecting targeted populations from HIV infection or transmission. Thus, capacity building has moved to the forefront as a set of activities necessary to enable HIV prevention organizations to plan, implement, monitor, and evaluate prevention programs and services. Cost-effective approaches to the provision of capacity building assistance traditionally use strategies that compromise efficaciousness and more intensive approaches can be cost prohibitive. In addition, traditional approaches treat program planning and implementation and program monitoring and evaluation as two separate entities, even though they are interdependent aspects of an efficient and effective service delivery system. OBJECTIVE This article describes a framework for building sustainable organizational capacity that combines high- and low-intensity approaches; integrates program planning, monitoring, and evaluation; and focuses on building understanding of the value of appropriate organizational change. METHODS The described framework was used over a 3-year period with 52 community-based organizations funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and organizations funded by CDC-funded health departments. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The article includes lessons learned, recommendations for building long-term sustainability, organizational change at various levels, and the need to develop standardized indicators to measure changes in organizational capacity.
Cell-type Specific Optogenetic Mice for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Function Nih Public Access Author Manuscript

Optogenetic methods have emerged as powerful tools for dissecting neural circuit connectivity, function, and dysfunction. We used a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) transgenic strategy to express Channelrhodopsin2 (ChR2) under the control of cell-type specific promoter elements. We provide a detailed functional characterization of the newly established VGAT-ChR2-EYFP, ChAT-ChR2-EYFP, TPH2-ChR2-EYFP and Pvalb-ChR2-EYFP BAC transgenic mouse lines and demonstrate the utility of these lines for precisely controlling action potential firing of GABAergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, and parvalbumin+ neuron subsets using blue light. This RESOURCE SHARING NOTES: The cell-type specific ChR2-EYFP BAC transgenic mouse lines developed in this study have been deposited to the Jackson Laboratory and are under development for future distribution. The stock numbers, official stock names, and links to the Jackson Laboratory strain info web pages are provided below: VGAT-ChR2-EYFP Stock# 014548 B6.Cg-Tg(Slc32a1-COP4*H134R/EYFP)8Gfng/JA. initiated the project as a joint collaboration to create novel ChR2 BAC transgenic mice as a resource for the neuroscience community. K.D. initially provided ChR2(H134R) DNA constructs. S.Z. , L.Q. , and B.G. generated the ChR2 BAC transgenic founder lines. S.Z. and L.Q. screened the founder lines. S.Z. performed all confocal imaging experiments. J.T. T. performed electrophysiological recordings and performed data analysis and interpretation for acute brain slice experiments for all mouse lines in the Feng Lab. J.T. performed electrophysiological recordings, and M.L. and J.T. performed data analysis and interpretation for acute brain slice experiments on ChAT-ChR2-EYFP line 6 and VGAT-ChR2-EYFP line 8 mice in the Luo Lab. H.E. A. performed in vivo electrophysiology, and H.E. A. and A.M.G. performed data analysis and interpretation for the in vivo electrophysiology data on ChAT-ChR2-EYFP line 6 mice in the Graybiel Lab. J. resource of cell type-specific ChR2 mouse lines will facilitate the precise mapping of neuronal connectivity and the dissection of the neural basis of behavior.
Genotypes Do Not Confer Risk For Delinquency ut Rather Alter Susceptibility to Positive and Negative Environmental Factors: Gene-Environment Interactions of BDNF Val66Met, 5-HTTLPR, and MAOA-uVNTR

Background: Previous evidence of gene-by-environment interactions associated with emotional and behavioral disorders is contradictory. Differences in findings may result from variation in valence and dose of the environmental factor, and/or failure to take account of gene-by-gene interactions. The present study investigated interactions between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF Val66Met), the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA-uVNTR) polymorphisms, family conflict, sexual abuse, the quality of the child-parent relationship, and teenage delinquency. Methods: In 2006, as part of the Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland, Sweden, 1 337 high-school students, aged 17–18 years, anonymously completed questionnaires and provided saliva samples for DNA analyses. Results: Teenage delinquency was associated with two-, three-, and four-way interactions of each of the genotypes and the three environmental factors. Significant four-way interactions were found for BDNF Val66Met × 5-HTTLPR×MAOA-uVNTR × family conflicts and for BDNF Val66Met × 5-HTTLPR×MAOA-uVNTR × sexual abuse. Further, the two genotype combinations that differed the most in expression levels (BDNF Val66Met Val, 5-HTTLPR LL, MAOA-uVNTR LL [girls] and L [boys] vs BDNF Val66Met Val/Met, 5-HTTLPR S/LS, MAOA-uVNTR S/SS/LS) in interaction with family conflict and sexual abuse were associated with the highest delinquency scores. The genetic variants previously shown to confer vulnerability for delinquency (BDNF Val66Met Val/Met × 5-HTTLPR S × MAOA-uVNTR S) were associated with the lowest delinquency scores in interaction with a positive child-parent relationship. Conclusions: Functional variants of the MAOA-uVNTR, 5-HTTLPR, and BDNF Val66Met, either alone or in interaction with each other, may be best conceptualized as modifying sensitivity to environmental factors that confer either risk or protection for teenage delinquency.
Development and Evaluation of Serotype- and Group-Specific Fluorogenic Reverse Transcriptase PCR (TaqMan) Assays for Dengue Virus

ABSTRACT Five fluorogenic probe hydrolysis (TaqMan) reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assays were developed for serotypes 1 to 4 and group-specific detection of dengue virus. Serotype- and group-specific oligonucleotide primers and fluorogenic probes were designed against conserved regions of the dengue virus genome. The RT-PCR assay is a rapid single-tube method consisting of a 30-min RT step linked to a 45-cycle PCR at 95 and 60°C that generates a fluorogenic signal in positive samples. Assays were initially evaluated against cell culture-derived dengue stock viruses and then with 67 dengue viremic human sera received from Peru, Indonesia, and Taiwan. The TaqMan assays were compared to virus isolation using C6/36 cells followed by an immunofluorescence assay using serotype-specific monoclonal antibodies. Viral titers in sera were determined by plaque assay in Vero cells. The serotype-specific TaqMan RT-PCR assay detected 62 of 67 confirmed dengue virus-positive samples, for a sensitivity of 92.5%, while the group-specific assay detected 66 of 67 confirmed dengue virus-positive samples, for a sensitivity of 98.5%. The TaqMan RT-PCR assays have a specificity of 100% based on the serotype concordance of all assays compared to cell culture isolation and negative results obtained when 21 normal human sera and plasma samples were tested. Our results demonstrate that the dengue virus TaqMan RT-PCR assays may be utilized as rapid, sensitive, and specific screening and serotyping tools for epidemiological studies of dengue virus infections.
Real-time and co-simulations for the development of power system monitoring, control and protection

Research, development and validation of power system monitoring, control and protection applications requires manifold simulation tests before implementing solutions in the real system. While many applications can be investigated with conventional steady-state or dynamic simulators, more complex solutions and especially prototypical implementations require real-time or co-simulations. Co-simulations are able to simulate the interaction between power and ICT-systems. Real-time simulators provide data similar to measurement data streams in real systems. They are particularly useful for hardware in the loop tests. The paper gives an overview on theoretical principles and introduces several setups and applications of real-time and co-simulators for the development of power system monitoring control and protection applications. Additionally, Smart Grid testing environments based on real-time and co-simulators are presented.
UTILIZING THE STANDARD TRAUMA-FOCUSED EMDR PROTOCOL IN TREATMENT OF FIBROMYALGIA

UTILIZING THE STANDARD TRAUMA-FOCUSED EMDR PROTOCOL IN TREATMENT OF FIBROMYALGIA TRICIA TENEYCKE Antioch University Seattle Seattle, WA Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic pain and fatigue. It notably impacts individuals and their families, creates notable opportunity costs for society, and places heavy demands on the medical system. Fibromyalgia has no cure. Its etiology is uncertain but likely biopsychosocial. In a subset of individuals experiencing Fibromyalgia, the experience of one or more traumatic experiences precipitates the onset of symptoms. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an evidence-based treatment for traumatic stress injuries. None of the handful of published accounts of EMDR treatment of Fibromyalgia have utilized the standard evidenced-based, trauma-focused EMDR (TF-EMDR) protocol, opting instead for untested modifications of EMDR related protocols rendering generalization of effects across studies difficult at best. The current study explored whether the use of the TF-EMDR protocol was sufficient to reduce chronic physical and psychological symptoms of Fibromyalgia in three female participants. Standardized symptom measures of post-traumatic stress, depression, pain, and Fibromyalgia-specific symptoms were administered at pre, post, and 3-month follow-up. Results indicated a decrease in symptoms across all standardized symptom measures. Participants’ pain and symptoms of Fibromyalgia decreased, as did depression and trauma symptoms. Other results of treatment included: improved sleep, improved communication with loved ones, and improved sexual functioning. Treatment observations suggest TF-EMDR may
Classification of word levels with usage frequency, expert opinions and machine learning

Educational applications for language teaching can utilize the language levels of words to target proficiency levels of students. This paper and the accompanying data provide a methodology for making educational standard-aligned language-level predictions for all English words. The methodology involves expert opinions on language levels and extending these opinions to other words using machine learning and data from a large corpus. Common European Framework for Languages ( CEFR) level predictions for about 50 000 words, which can be readily used in educational applications, are also provided. For applications where the cost of misclassification varies, machine learning model parameters and algorithm selection must be adjusted. A large number of expert opinions taken from a survey with 30 practicing language teachers that can be used for this adjustment are also released. The overall methodology can be applied to low-resource languages, where CEFR-level classifications may not exist, by adding a comparable survey and corpus. The data are released with a Creative Commons Attribution license to enable free mixing, sharing and even use in commercial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Question-Answering Based on Virtually Integrated Lexical Knowledge Base

This paper proposes an algorithm for causality inference based on a set of lexical knowledge bases that contain information about such items as event role, is-a hierarchy, relevant relation, antonymy, and other features. These lexical knowledge bases have mainly made use of lexical features and symbols in HowNet. Several types of questions are experimented to test the effectiveness of the algorithm here proposed. Particularly in this paper, the question form of "why" is dealt with to show how causality inference works.
High-temperature SiC power module with integrated SiC gate drivers for future high-density power electronics applications

This paper presents the testing results of an all-silicon carbide (SiC) intelligent power module (IPM) for use in future high-density power electronics applications. The IPM has high-temperature capability and contains both SiC power devices and SiC gate driver integrated circuits (ICs). The high-temperature capability of the SiC gate driver ICs allows for them to be packaged into the power module and be located physically close to the power devices. This provides a distinct advantage by reducing the gate driver loop inductance, which promotes high-frequency operation, while also reducing the overall volume of the system through higher levels of integration. The power module was tested in a bridgeless-boost converter to showcase the performance of the module in a system level application. The converter was initially operated with a switching frequency of 200 kHz with a peak output power of approximately 5 kW. The efficiency of the converter was then evaluated experimentally and optimized by increasing the overdrive voltage on the SiC gate driver ICs. Overall a peak efficiency of 97.7% was measured at 3.0 kW output. The converter's switching frequency was then increased to 500 kHz to prove the high-frequency capability of the power module. With no further optimization of components, the converter was able to operate under these conditions and showed a peak efficiency of 95.0% at an output power of 2.1 kW.
Dynamic interactive VR network services for education

Global information society and knowledge-based economy will generate a need for life-long learning on a mass scale. To deal with this challenge, traditional education should be extended with new forms of learning and teaching by employing advanced technologies such as virtual and mixed reality. In order to provide learners with these forms of education, a wide range of VR-based interactive educational network services should be developed. Technologies for delivering such network services are already available. Currently, a challenge is to develop methods and tools for efficient creation of vast amounts of VR-based learning material.In this paper, a method of dynamic content creation is described, which enables flexible authoring and manipulation of VR-based educational contents in interactive network environments. Application of this method to several architectural variants of educational systems is discussed.
Bayesian speaker recognition using Gaussian mixture model and laplace approximation

This paper presents a Bayesian approach for Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based speaker identification. Some approaches evaluate the speaker score of a test speech utterance using a single data likelihood over the GMM learned by point estimation methods according to the maximum likelihood or maximum a posteriori criteria. In contrast, the Bayesian approach evaluates the score by using the expectation of the data likelihood over the posterior distribution of the model parameters, which is depicted by Bayesian integration. However, as the integration can not be derived analytically, we apply Laplace approximation to the derivations. Theoretically, we show that the proposed Bayesian approach is equivalent to the GMMUBM approach when infinite training data is available for each speaker. The results of speaker identification experiments on the TIMIT corpus show that the proposed Bayesian approach consistently outperforms the GMM-UBM approach under very limited training data conditions, although the improvement is not very significant.
Local Mate Competition and Parental Investment in Social Insects

Efforts to develop formulas for contrasting genetic interests of workers and queens in social Hymenoptera are complicated by many factors, including multiple matings by queens, oviposition by unmated females, and mating rivalry among genetic relatives (Hamilton's "local mate competition"). Because of haplodiploid sex determination in Hymenoptera, when such influences are absent, queens benefit from 1:1 sex ratios of investment (male: female) in reproductive offspring, workers from 1:3 ratios among reproductive siblings. Reports of variable ratios, including many well above 1:3, and female biases in nonsocial Hymenoptera and diplodiploid termites, implicate local mate competition and raises questions about previous interpretations that workers have their way.
A 1-V analog CMOS front-end for detecting QRS complexes in a cardiac signal

A low-voltage low-power signal processing chip for electrocardiogram measurements has been designed and manufactured. The circuit includes a continuous time, offset-compensated preamplifier with an amplification of 40 dB, an eighth-order Butterworth switched-opamp switched-capacitor (SO-SC) filter with a passband of 8-30 Hz, a 32-kHz crystal oscillator, an SO-SC postamplifier, and a bias circuit. The whole circuit operates with supply voltages from 1.0 to 1.8 V and the measured average current consumption is only about 3 /spl mu/A. The circuit is therefore very suitable for portable applications such as heart rate detectors.
A longitudinal study examining the relation of physical activity on weight status during adolescence

Objective. The objective of this analysis was to examine the relation of physical activity (PA) to weight status in a sample of adolescents. Study Design. A four year longitudinal study was conducted. Methods. A diverse sample of 1098 adolescents aged 11-16 years was assessed annually over four years. Height and weight were measured. BMI and weight status category were calculated. Physical activity was assessed via a questionnaire to determine the hours per week of activity over the past year. A generalized mixed model statistical approach was used to test the main hypothesis. Results. A decline in physical activity and an increase in BMI was found among males and females (p<0.01). Significant differences regarding the amount of physical activity between gender, race and SES levels was also found (p<0.05). Overall, the highest amount of physical activity was reported by males, Caucasians and those in the high SES group. As for weight status, males were more often categorized as "at risk" and "overweight" compared to females (p < 0.05). There was insufficient evidence to support the main hypothesis that physical activity affected weight status. Thus the amount of physical activity one participated in during each study year, did not increase the odds of being categorized as "at risk" or "overweight" compared to a "healthy weight". Nor did the amount of physical activity one participated in during the previous year, increase the odds of being categorized as "at risk" or "overweight" compared to a being categorized as a "healthy weight" the following year. Conclusions. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that decreasing physical activity during adolescence is related to change in weight status. Conclusions can be made however, regarding the relationships between the covariates and both the amount of physical activity and weight status category. Overall, males, Caucasians and those in the high SES group report higher amounts of physical activity. Males were more often categorized in the higher weight status categories compared to females.
Thumb Trapeziometacarpal Arthritis: Treatment with Ligament Reconstruction Tendon Interposition Arthroplasty

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Understand the pathomechanical and biochemical basis for thumb trapeziometacarpal joint degeneration. 2. Diagnose and grade trapeziometacarpal joint disease based on presentation, physical examination (including provocative testing), and radiographic evidence. 3. Understand the principles of ligament reconstruction and tendon arthroplasty procedures. 4. Describe the surgical technique for ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty and its variants. Background: Osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is the second most common site of degenerative joint disease in the hand, and mostly affects postmenopausal women. Degenerative arthritis of the thumb trapeziometacarpal joint is associated with a lack of bony constraints and laxity of the supporting ligaments, particularly the anterior oblique (“beak”) ligament, which is consistently implicated in disease progression. Resultant increases in joint stress loads leads eventually to metacarpal and trapezial articular destruction, thumb instability, and pain. Methods: In this article, the authors review the diagnosis and treatment modalities available to the surgeon in the treatment of patients with trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis. The technique of ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty is discussed in detail. Results: Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty procedures center on three common principles: (1) excision of the diseased trapezium; (2) reconstruction of the beak ligament; and (3) interposition of a tissue substance to maintain metacarpal position. Conclusions: Both conservative and surgical management can be effective in the treatment of trapeziometacarpal arthritis, when properly selected. The success of ligament reconstruction tendon interposition arthroplasty in treating trapeziometacarpal arthritis has withstood the test of time.
KERNELS AND SIMILARITY MEASURES FOR TEXT CLASSIFICATION

Measuring similarity between two strings is a fundamental step in text classiﬁcation and other problems of information retrieval. Recently, kernel-based methods have been proposed for this task; since kernels are inner products in a feature space, they naturally induce similarity measures. Information theoretic (dis)similarities have also been the subject of recent research. This paper describes some string kernels and information theoretic mesures and shows how they can be efﬁciently implemented via sufﬁx trees. The performance of these measures is then evaluated on a text classiﬁcation (authorship attribution) problem, involving a set of books by Portuguese writers.