Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Macrobenthic assemblage structure and organismal stoichiometry control faunal processing of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in oxygen minimum zone sediments

Abstract. The Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) impinges on the western Indian continental margin between 150 and 1500 m, causing gradients in oxygen availability and sediment geochemistry at the sea floor. Oxygen availability and sediment geochemistry are important factors structuring macrofaunal assemblages in marine sediments. However, relationships between macrofaunal assemblage structure and sea-floor carbon and nitrogen cycling are poorly understood. We conducted in situ 13C:15N tracer experiments in the OMZ core (540 m [O2] = 0.35 μmol l–1) and lower OMZ boundary (800–1100 m, [O2] = 2.2–15.0 μmol l–1) to investigate how macrofaunal assemblage structure, affected by different oxygen levels, and C:N coupling influence the fate of particulate organic matter. No macrofauna were present in the OMZ core. Within the OMZ boundary, relatively high abundance and biomass resulted in the highest macrofaunal assimilation of particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) at the lower oxygen 800 m stations ([O2] = 2.2–2.36 μmol l–1). At these stations the numerically dominant cirratulid polychaetes exhibited greatest POC and PON uptake. By contrast, at the higher oxygen 1100 m station ([O2] = 15.0 μmol l–1) macrofaunal C and N assimilation was lower, with POC assimilation dominated by one large solitary ascidian. Macrofaunal POC and PON assimilation were influenced by changes in oxygen availability, and significantly correlated to differences in macrofaunal assemblage structure between stations. However, macrofaunal feeding responses were ultimately characterised by preferential organic nitrogen assimilation, relative to their internal C:N budgets.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by Survey Paper on Phishing Detection: Identification of Malicious Url Using Bayesian Classification on Social Network Sites

Nowadays people uses online social networking sites for communications with others. People post their message on social network sites. The messages are of various types such as text, images, audio and video. Sometime for these messages the people post their URL and request their friend to visit that site to show the messages. The fraud user uses malicious URL and post on social networking sites. These malicious URL contains viruses which harms user system. Malware is a one of the attack in which fraud URL creates replica of their own when user clicks on these URL and acquire resource. Sometime malicious URL directed towards a website which is a fraud website. These fraud websites are used to steal user's confidential information. By using Bayesian classification identify the fraud URL on social networking sites and improve the security of social networking sites.
Cognitive Pragmatic Rehabilitation Program in Schizophrenia: A Single Case fMRI Study

Introduction. The present study was intended to evaluate the effects of a rehabilitative training, the Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT), aimed at improving communicative-pragmatic abilities and the related cognitive components, on the cerebral modifications of a single case patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods. The patient underwent two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions, before and after the treatment. In order to assess brain changes, we calculated the Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation (ALFF) index of the resting-state fMRI signal, which is interpreted as reflecting the intensity of the spontaneous regional activity of the brain. Behavioural measures of the patient's communicative performance were also gathered before and after training and at follow-up. Results. The patient improved his communicative performance in almost all tests. Posttraining stronger ALFF signal emerged in the superior, inferior, and medial frontal gyri, as well as the superior temporal gyri. Conclusions. Even if based on a single case study, these preliminary results show functional changes at the cerebral level that seem to support the patient's behavioural improvements.
An overview of localization algorithms in mobile wireless sensor networks

Localization problem in mobile wireless sensor networks has drawn widely attention in recent years due to the rapid advances in mobile computing and improvements of wireless communication technologies. Indeed, mobile sensor networks become a valuable asset for many applications, since sensors can be mobile or easily tethered to mobile entities such as robots, vehicles or human. Thereby, it is crucial to support mobility without compromising the quality of applications that require wireless communications. Although, numerous research activities have successfully addressed the localization problem in static networks, few studies deal with the localization issue in mobile sensor networks. In this paper, we present a survey on existing work in this area and we address the gaps for actual deployment of mobile wireless sensor networks. Following our analysis, we propose a classification of the most important algorithms and schemes that outcome from recent literature. We discuss their basic principles, characteristics and concepts. Finally, we point out open research issues, their challenges and some future directions for localization in mobile wireless sensor networks.
High-resolution directed human connectomes and the Consensus Connectome Dynamics

Here we show a method of directing the edges of the connectomes, prepared from HARDI datasets from the human brain. Before the present work, no high-definition directed braingraphs were published, because the tractography methods in use are not capable of assigning directions to the neural tracts discovered. Previous work on the functional connectomes applied low-resolution functional MRI-detected statistical causality for the assignment of directions of connectomes of typically several dozens of vertices. Our method is based on the phenomenon of the “Consensus Connectome Dynamics”, described earlier by our research group. In this contribution, we apply the method to the 423 braingraphs, each with 1015 vertices, computed from the public release of the Human Connectome Project, and we also made the directed connectomes publicly available at the site http://braingraph.org. We also show the robustness of our edge directing method in four independently chosen connectome datasets: we have found that 86% of the edges, which were present in all four datasets, get the same directions in all datasets; therefore the direction method is robust. While our new edge-directing method still needs more empirical validation, we think that our present contribution opens up new possibilities in the analysis of the high-definition human connectome.
A parallel I/O mechanism for distributed systems

Access to shared data is critical to the long term success of grids of distributed systems. As more parallel applications are being used on these grids, the need for some kind of parallel I/O facility across distributed systems increases. However, grid middleware has thus far had only limited support for distributed parallel I/O. In this paper, we present an implementation of the MPI-2 I/O interface using the Globus GridFTP client API. MPI is widely used for parallel computing, and its I/O interface maps onto a large variety of storage systems. The limitations of using GridFTP as an MPI-I/O transport mechanism are described, as well as support for parallel access to scientific data formats such as HDF and NetCDF. We compare the performance of GridFTP to that of NFS on the same network using several parallel I/O benchmarks. Our tests indicate that GridFTP can be a workable transport for parallel I/O, particularly for distributed read-only access to shared data sets.
Fault tolerant tracking control for continuous Takagi-Sugeno systems with time varying faults

This paper deals with Fault Tolerant Control design for continuous nonlinear Takagi-Sugeno faulty systems. The goal is to ensure both state and fault estimation and the state reference tracking even if faults occur. In this study, the faults affecting the system behavior are considered as time varying functions modeled by exponential functions or first order polynomials. Based on descriptor redundancy property, solutions are proposed for both cases, exponential and polynomial faults, in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI). In order to illustrate the applicability and the effectiveness of the proposed approaches, numerical examples are considered.
Improving Wikipedia with DBpedia

DBpedia is the semantic mirror of Wikipedia. DBpedia extracts information from Wikipedia and stores it in a semantic knowledge base. This semantic feature allows complex semantic queries, which could infer new relations that are missing in Wikipedia. This is an interesting source of knowledge to increase Wikipedia content. But, what is the best way to add these new relations following the Wikipedia conventions? In this paper, we propose a path indexing algorithm (PIA) which takes the resulting set of a DBPedia query and discovers the best representative path in Wikipedia. We evaluate the algorithm with real data sets from DBpedia.
Comparison of In-Solution Biorecognition Properties of Aptamers against Ochratoxin A

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced as a secondary metabolite by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium and frequently found as a natural contaminant in a wide range of food commodities. Novel and robust biorecognition agents for detecting this molecule are required. Aptamers are artificial nucleic acid ligands able to bind with high affinity and specificity to a given target molecule. In the last few years, three separate research groups have selected aptamers for ochratoxin A. While each of these three families of aptamers have been incorporated into various methods for detecting OTA, it is unclear if each aptamer candidate is better suited for a particular application. Here, we perform the first head-to-head comparison of solution-based binding parameters for these groups of aptamers. Based on our results, we provide recommendations for the appropriate choice of aptamer for incorporation into solution-based biorecognition assays and applications.
HNF4alpha and HNF1alpha Dysfunction as a Molecular Rational for Cyclosporine Induced Posttransplantation Diabetes Mellitus

Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a frequent complication in immunosuppressive therapy. To better understand the molecular events associated with PTDM we investigated the effect of cyclosporine on expression and activity of hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)1alpha and 4alpha and on genes coding for glucose metabolism in cultures of the rat insulinoma cell line INS-1E, the human epithelial cell line Caco-2 and with Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. In the pancreas of untreated but diabetic animals expression of HNF4alpha, insulin1, insulin2 and of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was significantly repressed. Furthermore, cyclosporine treatment of the insulinoma-1E cell line resulted in remarkable reduction in HNF4alpha protein and INS1 as well as INS2 gene expression, while transcript expression of HNF4alpha, apolipoprotein C2, glycerolkinase, pyruvatekinase and aldolase B was repressed in treated Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, with nuclear extracts of cyclosporine treated cell lines protein expression and DNA binding activity of hepatic nuclear factors was significantly repressed. As cyclosporine inhibits the calcineurin dependent dephosphorylation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) we also searched for binding sites for NFAT in the pancreas specific P2 promoter of HNF4alpha. Notably, we observed repressed NFAT binding to a novel DNA binding site in the P2 promoter of HNF4alpha. Thus, cyclosporine caused inhibition of DNA binding of two important regulators for insulin signaling, i.e. NFAT and HNF4alpha. We further investigated HNF4alpha transcript expression and observed >200-fold differences in abundance in n = 14 patients. Such variability in expression might help to identify individuals at risk for developing PTDM. We propose cyclosporine to repress HNF4alpha gene and protein expression, DNA-binding to targeted promoters and subsequent regulation of genes coding for glucose metabolism and of pancreatic beta-cell function.
EVIDENCE FOR TRANSFORMATION OF SPLEEN CELLS ONE DAY AFTER INFECTION OF MICE WITH FRIEND LEUKEMIA VIRUS

Proliferation and erythroid differentiation of transplanted DBA/2 marrow cells and Friend virus-induced leukemic cells were assessed in syngeneic, allogeneic (H-2 compatible), and (BALB/c x DBA/2)F1 hybrid mice (CDF1). Measurements were made 5 days after transplantation of donor cells into nonirradiated or X-irradiated mice by the spleen colony or the 125IUdR-59Fe uptake methods. Growth of DBA/2J (Jackson subline) marrow grafts was poor in irradiated CDF1J hybrids as compared with growth in syngeneic and allogeneic hosts. The DBA/2J transplants proliferated, however, without impairment in irradiated CDF1 hybrids which were the progeny of DBA/2 male parents of other sublines, e.g. DBA/2Ha, DBA/2Cr, and DBA/2Cum. In contrast, tissue-cultured Friend leukemic cells of DBA/2J origin grew deficiently in all CDF1 hybrids tested, regardless of irradiation and of the DBA/2 parent's subline. The growth pattern of transplanted DBA/2J cells was a manifestation of hybrid resistance. The results with DBA/2J and other DBA/2 subline grafts suggested that hybrid histocompatibility alleles were expressed to a greater extent in leukemic than in normal marrow cells, for the former were consistently recognized as "nonself" by CDF1 mice, but not the latter cells. The property of deficient growth in irradiated CDF1Ha hybrids was acquired by DBA/2J hemopoietic cells within 6 hr from infection in vivo with Friend leukemia virus, and persisted during the following 8 days. It was ascribed to enhanced expression of hybrid histocompatibility gene(s) (Hh) induced by the virus. Autonomous growth potential of hemopoietic cells, manifested by proliferation in nonirradiated recipients, was first detected 24 hr from infection, and likewise persisted at the later intervals. At the same time, the infected cells grew deficiently also in nonirradiated CDF1Ha mice. The two irreversible cellular changes were regarded as the earliest signals of virus-induced transformation.
BICM for MIMO channels using LDGM codes and sphere detection

A modified version of the sphere detection algorithm has been recently proposed to compute the bit likelihood values in MIMO systems. The proposed approach has an affordable computational cost, even for a large number of antennas, and is able to produce values very close to the actual likelihoods. This complexity reduction makes it possible to successfully utilize bit-interleaved coded modulation schemes based on iterative decoding (BICM-ID). In this paper, we propose to use a concatenation of two systematic low-density generator matrix (LDGM) codes as the channel code of the BICM-ID system. We show the ability of this affordable-complexity scheme to operate at SNRs near the Shannon capacity limit of the MIMO channel.
High-performance, massively scalable distributed systems using the MapReduce software framework: the SHARD triple-store

In this paper we discuss the use of the MapReduce software framework to address the challenge of constructing high-performance, massively-scalable distributed systems. We discuss several design considerations associated with constructing complex distributed systems using the MapReduce software framework, including the difficulty of scalably building indexes. We focus on Hadoop, the most popular MapReduce implementation. Our discussion and analysis are motivated by our construction of SHARD, a massively scalable, high-performance and robust triple-store technology on top of Hadoop. We provide a general approach to construct an information system from the MapReduce software framework that responds to data queries. We provide experimental results generated of an early version of SHARD. We close with a discussion of hypothetical MapReduce alternatives that can be used for the construction of more scalable distributed computing systems.
Extracting folding landscape characteristics of biomolecules using mechanical forces

In recent years single molecule force spectroscopy has opened a new avenue to provide profiles of the complex energy landscape of biomolecules. In this field, quantitative analyses of the data employing sound theoretical models, have played a major role in interpreting data and anticipating outcomes of experiments. Here, we explain how by using temperature as a variable in mechanical unfolding of biomolecules in force spectroscopy, the roughness of the energy landscape can be measured without making any assumptions about the underlying reaction coordinate. Estimates of other aspects of the energy landscape such as free energy barriers or the transition state (TS) locations could depend on the precise model used to analyze the experimental data. We illustrate the inherent difficulties in obtaining the transition state location from loading rate or force-dependent unfolding rates. Because the transition state moves as the force or the loading rate is varied, which is reminiscent of the Hammond effect, it is in general difficult to invert the experimental data. The independence of the TS location on force holds good only for brittle or hard biomolecules whereas the TS location changes considerably if the molecule is soft or plastic. Finally, we discuss the goodness of the end-to-end distance (or pulling) coordinate of the molecule as a surrogate reaction coordinate in a situation like force-induced ligand-unbinding from a gated molecular receptor as well as force-quench refolding of an RNA hairpin.
Mutational History of a Human Cell Lineage from Somatic to Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

The accuracy of replicating the genetic code is fundamental. DNA repair mechanisms protect the fidelity of the genome ensuring a low error rate between generations. This sustains the similarity of individuals whilst providing a repertoire of variants for evolution. The mutation rate in the human genome has recently been measured to be 50–70 de novo single nucleotide variants (SNVs) between generations. During development mutations accumulate in somatic cells so that an organism is a mosaic. However, variation within a tissue and between tissues has not been analysed. By reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), their genomes and the associated mutational history are captured. By sequencing the genomes of polyclonal and monoclonal somatic cells and derived iPSCs we have determined the mutation rates and show how the patterns change from a somatic lineage in vivo through to iPSCs. Somatic cells have a mutation rate of 14 SNVs per cell per generation while iPSCs exhibited a ten-fold lower rate. Analyses of mutational signatures suggested that deamination of methylated cytosine may be the major mutagenic source in vivo, whilst oxidative DNA damage becomes dominant in vitro. Our results provide insights for better understanding of mutational processes and lineage relationships between human somatic cells. Furthermore it provides a foundation for interpretation of elevated mutation rates and patterns in cancer.
A Time-Varying Virtual Resistance Control for Ultracapacitor Based DC–DC Converters

Ultracapacitor (UC) based dc–dc power supplies are widely used for addressing surge power demands and to provide energy backup to critical loads. The conventional control techniques, such as unified control strategy, though ensure seamless mode transition, do not offer complete flexibility in charging and discharging controls which is crucial in UC-based backup systems. On the other hand, controls, such as independent switch control, though allow great flexibility in control, do not ensure seamless mode transition without appropriate mode-switch logic. This paper proposes a time-varying virtual resistance based mode transition control for independent switch control which not only ensures smooth, seamless transition between charging and discharging control modes but also ensures complete control over the mode transition durations. The proposed control is found to be robust to error mode identification as compared to introducing dead band between control modes. The proposed control is verified on a proof of concept experimental setup at a power level of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_o=65$</tex-math></inline-formula> W, voltage level of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_g=26$</tex-math></inline-formula> V with the dc–dc converter switching at <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{\text{sw}}=100$</tex-math></inline-formula> kHz. The performance comparison with PWM blocking method is also evaluated where the proposed control is found to work well.
Research of Recognition System of Web Intrusion Detection Based on Storm

Based on Storm, a distributed, reliable, fault-tolerant real-time data stream processing system, we propose a recognition system of web intrusion detection. The system is based on machine learning, feature selection algorithm by TF-IDF(Term Frequency--Inverse Document Frequency) and the optimised cosine similarity algorithm, at low false positive rate and a higher detection rate of attacks and malicious behavior in real-time to protect the security of user data. From comparative analysis of experiments we find that the system for intrusion recognition rate and false positive rate has improved to some extent, it can be better to complete the intrusion detection work.
Modal limit cycle control for variable stiffness actuated robots

This paper presents a control approach to stabilize limit cycle motions along a mechanical mode of variable stiffness actuated (VSA) robots. Thereby, first a PD controller with gravity and Coriolis/centrifugal compensation shapes a desired dynamics, which is decoupled in terms of modal coordinates. Then an asymptotically stable limit cycle is generated on the link side dynamics for a selected mode. Finally, the modal control approach first introduced for rigid robots is extended to the VSA case. This is done by a joint torque controller, which decouples the torque dynamics from the link side dynamics. Stability and convergence are proven for the dynamics resulting from each feedback control. Furthermore, the energy efficiency of the proposed approach is verified by simulation and experiments on the VSA robotic arm DLR Hand Arm System.
Secure and Policy-Private Resource Sharing in an Online Social Network

Providing functionalities that allow online social network users to manage in a secure and private way the publication of their information and/or resources is a relevant and far from trivial topic that has been under scrutiny from various research communities. In this work, we provide a framework that allows users to define highly expressive access policies to their resources in a way that the enforcement does not require the intervention of a (trusted or not) third party. This is made possible by the deployment of a newly defined cryptographic primitives that provides - among other things - efficient access revocation and access policy privacy.