Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum Nonlocality and Quantum Correlations in the Stern-Gerlach Experiment

The Stern–Gerlach experiment (SGE) is one of the foundational experiments in quantum physics. It has been used in both the teaching and the development of quantum mechanics. However, for various reasons, some of its quantum features and implications are not fully addressed or comprehended in the current literature. Hence, the main aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the SGE possesses a quantum nonlocal character that has not previously been visualized or presented before. Accordingly, to show the nonlocality into the SGE, we calculate the quantum correlations C ( z , θ ) by redefining the Banaszek–Wodkiewicz correlation in terms of the Wigner operator, that is C ( z , θ ) = 〈 Ψ | W ^ ( z , p z ) σ ^ ( θ ) | Ψ 〉 , where W ^ ( z , p z ) is the Wigner operator, σ ^ ( θ ) is the Pauli spin operator in an arbitrary direction θ and | Ψ 〉 is the quantum state given by an entangled state of the external degree of freedom and the eigenstates of the spin. We show that this correlation function for the SGE violates the Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt Bell inequality. Thus, this feature of the SGE might be interesting for both the teaching of quantum mechanics and to investigate the phenomenon of quantum nonlocality.
Oral Dysbiotic Communities and Their Implications in Systemic Diseases

The human body supports the growth of a wide array of microbial communities in various niches such as the oral cavity, gastro-intestinal and urogenital tracts, and on the surface of the skin. These host associated microbial communities include yet-un-cultivable bacteria and are influenced by various factors. Together, these communities of bacteria are referred to as the human microbiome. Human oral microbiome consists of both symbionts and pathobionts. Deviation from symbiosis among the bacterial community leads to “dysbiosis”, a state of community disturbance. Dysbiosis occurs due to many confounding factors that predispose a shift in the composition and relative abundance of microbial communities. Dysbiotic communities have been a major cause for many microbiome related systemic infections. Such dysbiosis is directed by certain important pathogens called the “keystone pathogens”, which can modulate community microbiome variations. One such persistent infection is oral infection, mainly periodontitis, where a wide array of causal organisms have been implied to systemic infections such as cardio vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. The keystone pathogens co-occur with many yet-cultivable bacteria and their interactions lead to dysbiosis. This has been the focus of recent research. While immune evasion is one of the major modes that leads to dysbiosis, new processes and new virulence factors of bacteria have been shown to be involved in this important process that determines a disease or health state. This review focuses on such dysbiotic communities, their interactions, and their virulence factors that predispose the host to other systemic implications.
Smart mug to measure hand's geometrical mechanical impedance

A novel device, which looks like a mug, has been proposed for measuring the impedance of human hand. The device is designed to have convenient size and light weight similar to an ordinary coffee mug. It contains a 2-axis inertia sensor to monitor vibration and a small motor to carry an eccentric mass (m=100gr, r=2cm, rpm=600). The centrifugal force due to the rotating mass applies a dynamic force to the hand that holds the mug. Correlation of the acceleration signals with the perturbing force gives the geometrical mechanical impedance. Experimental results on a healthy subject shows that impedance is posture dependant while it changes with the direction of the applied perturbing force. For nine postures the geometrical impedance is obtained all of which have elliptical shapes. The method can be used for assessment of spasticity and monitoring stability in patients with stroke or similar problems.
Forecasting Solar Irradiance from Time Series with Exogenous Information

Solar irradiance forecast is the pivotal factor for power generation scheduling at photovoltaic (PV) power plants. To this end, we propose a framework to model solar irradiance that leverages both short-term dependency (several days) and dependency on time in the annual cycle. We focus on two classes of methods, autoregressive (AR), and autoregressive with exogenous variables (ARX), and investigate LASSO regression, and non-linear methods, including support vector regression (SVR) and long short-term memory (LSTM) as the underlying mechanism. Our experiments on data collected at a PV power plant for over five years show that considering external information such as weather on top of the historical solar irradiance data for longer period of time lowers the error of solar irradiance forecast.
A fault tolerance based route optimisation and data aggregation using artificial intelligence to enhance performance in wireless sensor networks

In the on-demand usage of wireless sensor networks over the internet, fault tolerance is an exigent task to improve the overall performance of service computing. In the proposed research work, an attempt has been made to make use of an artificial bee colony approach to find data aggregation for providing fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and to make effective utilisation of the existing resources over the internet. In this paper, it is tried to apply quadratic minimum spanning tree (Q-MST) which is an artificial intelligence technique to provide fault tolerance along with data aggregation in WSN. Q-MST is used to improve the fault tolerance in WSN to transmit data packets from the source node to sink node. Ant colony, PRIMS and Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithms are used for generating minimum spanning tree (MST) which can be used for data aggregation. The Q-MST is an improved version of minimum spanning tree where an ordered pair of distinct edges would be considered for implementing an alternative edge for the existing edge failure in MST.
Three different reliability criteria for Time Delay estimates

Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) estimates are often used for passive acoustic single sound source localization with microphone arrays. Commonly, the Generalized Cross-Correlation method is applied for TDOA estimation. In real environments the reliability of TDOA estimates is degraded due to noise and especially to room reverberation. This work presents three reliability criteria allowing convincingly the evaluation of the confidence of every single TDOA estimate. The criteria are evaluated and compared to each other for real data recorded in a noisy and reverberant office room environment. The use of the reliability criteria permits a robust sound source localization even in adverse acoustic environments with increased reverberation times.
From parallel to external list ranking

Novel algorithms are presented for parallel and external memory list-ranking. The same algorithms can be used for computing basic tree functions, such as the depth of a node. The parallel algorithm stands out through its low memory use, its simplicity and its performance. For a large range of problem sizes, it is almost as fast as the fastest previous algorithms. On a Paragon with 100 PUs, each holding10 nodes, we obtain speed-up 25. For external-memory list-ranking, the best algorithm so far is an optimized version of independent-set-removal. Actually, this algorithm is not good at all: for a list of lengthN , the paging volume is about 72 N . Our new algorithm reduces this to 18 N . The algorithm has been implemented, and the theoretical results are confirmed.
Composite milliohm-meter for resistance measurement of precision current shunts in industrial environment

A composite milliohm-meter (Com-mOhm), based on standard four-wire Kelvin resistance measurement method, was developed for measurements of precision current shunts used in an industrial environment. The system is comprised of a precision, temperature compensated, low drift, high stability 100 mA current source and a 4 ? digit commercial multimeter. Due to the set of specific demands and conditions concerning the industrial applications of precision current shunts, standard measurement equipment and methods could not be implemented. The composite resistor standard was used for temperature stabilization of the precision current source based on precision voltage reference REF102. The measurement precision of ? 0.1 milliohms is observed during measurement of 20 milliohm current shunts.
ON PILOT CONTAMINATION IN MASSIVE MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE OUTPUT SYSTEM WITH LEAST SQUARE METHOD AND ZERO FORCING RECEIVER

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communications refers to use of large number of antennas at transmitter and receiver to enhance spectral and energy efficiency. However, its performance is limited by a problem known as pilot contamination. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of massive MIMO system and studied degradation in performance due to pilot contamination. To showcase such effects, we have implemented the channel estimation using Least Square (LS) method with random pilots and time shifted pilot scheme through simulations. In this study we have used zero forcing (ZF) receivers. We have also studied performance improvement in presence of pilot using MMSE receiver. Further improvement is achieved in this work by introducing precoding technique for massive MIMO systems.
Simulation and probabilistic failure prediction of grafts for aortic aneurysm

Purpose – The use of stent‐grafts to canalize aortic blood flow for patients with aortic aneurysms is subject to serious failure mechanisms such as a leak between the stent‐graft and the aorta (Type I endoleak). The purpose of this paper is to describe a novel computational approach to understand the influence of relevant variables on the occurrence of stent‐graft failure and quantify the probability of failure for aneurysm patients.Design/methodology/approach – A parameterized fluid‐structure interaction finite element model of aortic aneurysm is built based on a multi‐material formulation available in LS‐DYNA. Probabilities of failure are assessed using an explicit construction of limit state functions with support vector machines (SVM) and uniform designs of experiments. The probabilistic approach is applied to two aneurysm geometries to provide a map of probabilities of failure for various design parameter values.Findings – Parametric studies conducted in the course of this research successfully ident.
Impact of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access on the Offloading of Mobile Edge Computing

This paper considers the co-existence of two important communication techniques, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and mobile edge computing (MEC). Both NOMA uplink and downlink transmissions are applied to MEC, and analytical results are developed to demonstrate that the use of NOMA can efficiently reduce the latency and energy consumption of MEC offloading. In addition, various asymptotic studies are carried out to reveal the impact of the users’ channel conditions and transmit powers on the application of NOMA to MEC are quite different from those in conventional NOMA scenarios. Computer simulation results are also provided to facilitate the performance evaluation of NOMA-MEC and also verify the accuracy of the developed analytical results.
MicroRNA Maturation and MicroRNA Target Gene Expression Regulation Are Severely Disrupted in Soybean dicer-like1 Double Mutants

Small nonprotein-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are present in most eukaryotes and are central effectors of RNA silencing-mediated mechanisms for gene expression regulation. In plants, DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) is the founding member of a highly conserved family of RNase III-like endonucleases that function as core machinery proteins to process hairpin-like precursor transcripts into mature miRNAs, small regulatory RNAs, 21–22 nucleotides in length. Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) were used to generate single and double-mutants of putative soybean DCL1 homologs, DCL1a and DCL1b, to confirm their functional role(s) in the soybean miRNA pathway. Neither DCL1 single mutant, dcl1a or dcl1b plants, exhibited a pronounced morphological or molecular phenotype. However, the dcl1a/dcl1b double mutant expressed a strong morphological phenotype, characterized by reduced seed size and aborted seedling development, in addition to defective miRNA precursor transcript processing efficiency and deregulated miRNA target gene expression. Together, these findings indicate that the two soybean DCL1 paralogs, DCL1a and DCL1b, largely play functionally redundant roles in the miRNA pathway and are essential for normal plant development.
Efficient Permission-Aware Analysis of Android Apps

Author(s): Sadeghi, Alireza | Advisor(s): Malek, Sam | Abstract: Permissions are the cornerstone for Android security model, as they enable secure access to sensitive resources of the phone. Consequently, improper use of Android permission model can lead to permission-induced issues that disrupt the functional and nonfunctional behavior of the apps. However, due to the lack of automated tools for detecting such issues, many of those defects are shipped with the final product, which not only dissatisfies end users but also poses security risks to their phones. This dissertation proposes and describes a set of automated tools, namely Covert, Separ, Terminator, and PATDroid, to detect and prevent permission-induced issues in Android apps, specifically (I) permission-induced security attacks, and (II) permission-induced compatibility defects.Through combining static analysis with formal methods, Covert and Separ provide compositional analysis and enforcement techniques, respectively, for detection and prevention of permission-induced security attacks, particularly those that occur due to the interaction of multiple apps. However, by ignoring the temporal aspects of an attack, Covert and Separ, as well as the other techniques aimed at protecting the users against permission-induced attacks, are prone to have low-coverage in detection and high-disruption in prevention of such attacks. Terminator addresses this shortcoming by incorporating the notion of time in both detection and prevention of the attacks. Terminator leverages temporal logic model checking to detect permission-induced threats, and then relies on Android’s dynamic permission mechanism to thwart the identified threats by revoking unsafe permissions. However, such countermeasure, i.e., permission revocation, could itself result in other defects, such as crash, if the target app suffers from dynamic-permission-compatibility issue. To identify such permission-induced compatibility defects, developers need to exhaustively re-execute tests for all possible permission combinations, thereby increasing the time and resources required to test apps. PATDroid, the last proposed approach in this dissertation, is intended to help app developers with this challenge. PATDroid can significantly reduce the testing effort by performing a hybrid program analysis that determines which tests should be executed on what permission combinations. All conducted experiments corroborate the effectiveness and efficiency of Covert, Separ, Terminator, and PATDroid and their ability to identify and eliminate the defects rooted in permission misuse of Android apps.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Warm Footbaths on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Profound Multiple Disabilities

Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Department of Radioisotope Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Department of Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8520, Japan R.I.E. Aoyama Palacio Tower, 3-6-7 Kita Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0061, Japan Nagasaki National Hospital, 6-41 Sakuragi, Nagasaki 850-8523, Japan takamura@nagasaki-u.ac. jp
Design of a fully-passive transfemoral prosthesis prototype

In this study, we present the mechanical design of a prototype of a fully-passive transfemoral prosthesis for normal walking. The conceptual working principle at the basis of the design is inspired by the power flow in human gait, with the main purpose of realizing an energy efficient device. The mechanism is based on three elements, which are responsible of the energetic coupling between the knee and ankle joints. The design parameters of the prototype are determined according to the human body and the natural gait characteristics, in order to mimic the dynamic behavior of a healthy leg. Hereby, we present the construction details of the prototype, which realizes the working principle of the conceptual mechanism.
eck and back : A paradigm change in coronary sinus nterventions — pulsatile stretch on intact coronary enous endothelium

From the Departments of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Internal Medicine 2, Division of Cardiology, Institute of Biomedical Research, and Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Section of Clinical Biometrics, Medical University of Vienna; and TU BioMed, University of Technology, Vienna, Austria; and Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Medical Information Technology, Klagenfurt, Austria.
Breathing sensor selection during movement

A pressure sensor array placed below a mattress can be used to estimate the breathing effort signal unobtrusively. When multiple breathing effort sensor outputs are available, there is sometimes a need to choose the sensor with the best approximation of the actual breathing effort. Previous work with pressure sensor arrays placed on top of or under mattresses used for respiration rate and breathing signal estimation have used either the amplitude or the power spectrum to choose the most representative sensor. These methods are both useful when the subject is still; however, pressure sensor signals also contain movement. We propose and test a spectral ratio method for selection in the presence of movement. The spectral ratio method is good at finding strong breathing signals and at discriminating movement signals from strong breathing signals. This method provides a mean correlation to respiration bands that is 4% higher than the next best method during small movements and 14% higher during larger movements.
Bacillus subtilis chromosome organization oscillates between two distinct patterns

Significance In bacteria, faithful and efficient DNA segregation is intimately linked to the spatial organization of the chromosome. Two distinct organization patterns have been described for bacterial chromosomes (ori-ter and left-ori-right) that appear to arise from distinct segregation mechanisms. Here, we show that the Bacillus subtilis chromosome oscillates between them during a replication–segregation cycle. Our data further suggest that the highly conserved condensin complex and the parABS partitioning system function as the core components that underlie these alternating patterns. We propose that this oscillatory cycle enhances the efficiency of DNA replication and sister chromosome segregation and provides a unifying model for the diverse patterns of chromosome organization observed in bacteria. Bacterial chromosomes have been found to possess one of two distinct patterns of spatial organization. In the first, called “ori-ter” and exemplified by Caulobacter crescentus, the chromosome arms lie side-by-side, with the replication origin and terminus at opposite cell poles. In the second, observed in slow-growing Escherichia coli (“left-ori-right”), the two chromosome arms reside in separate cell halves, on either side of a centrally located origin. These two patterns, rotated 90° relative to each other, appear to result from different segregation mechanisms. Here, we show that the Bacillus subtilis chromosome alternates between them. For most of the cell cycle, newly replicated origins are maintained at opposite poles with chromosome arms adjacent to each other, in an ori-ter configuration. Shortly after replication initiation, the duplicated origins move as a unit to midcell and the two unreplicated arms resolve into opposite cell halves, generating a left-ori-right pattern. The origins are then actively segregated toward opposite poles, resetting the cycle. Our data suggest that the condensin complex and the parABS partitioning system are the principal driving forces underlying this oscillatory cycle. We propose that the distinct organization patterns observed for bacterial chromosomes reflect a common organization–segregation mechanism, and that simple modifications to it underlie the unique patterns observed in different species.
Towards a Prescriptive Theory of Dynamic Capabilities: Connecting Strategic Choice, Learning, and Competition

The field of strategy has mounted an enormous effort to understand, define, predict, and measure how organizational capabilities shape competitive advantage. While the notion that capabilities influence strategy dates back to the work of Andrews (1971), attempts to formalize a “capabilities based” approach to strategy only began to take shape in the past twenty years. In particular, the publication of Teece and Pisano (1994), Teece, Pisano, and Shuen (1997), and Eisenhart and Martin (2000) works on “dynamic capabilities” triggered a flood of debate and discussion on the topic. Unfortunately, the literature on dynamic capabilities has become mired in endless debates about definitions and has engaged in an elusive search for properties that make organizations adaptable. This paper argues that the research program on dynamic capabilities needs to be reset around the fundamental strategic problem facing firms: how to identify and select capabilities that lead to competitive advantage. To this end, the paper develops a framework that attempts to connect firms’ capability search strategies with their strategies in product markets. It frames firms’ capability search strategies as choices among different types of capability enhancing investments. The key distinguishing feature of capabilities in this framework is their degree of fungibility: capabilities span a continuum ranging from highly general-purpose (e.g. quality management) to highly market-specific (e.g. knowing how to manufacture an airplane wing). To illustrate the potential of the framework to shed new light on traditional strategy questions, the paper applies the framework to explore some unexplained features of Penrosian diversification strategies. The paper concludes by suggesting a research agenda for dynamic capabilities.