Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
GABLS3-LES Intercomparison Study

Recently, a large-eddy simulation (LES) intercomparison study was organized under the auspices of the GEWEX Atmospheric Boundary Layer Study (GABLS). Eleven LES modelling groups around the world participated in this study to model a baroclinic, mid-latitude nighttime stable boundary layer utilizing several LES subgrid-scale (SGS) models. Some of the findings from this intercomparison study are unexpected, which make it quite unique. First of all, the LES-ensemble not only captures the statistics, but also the dynamical evolution of the observed variables remarkably well. Second, the diversity among the members of the ensemble is found to be surprisingly low. In other words, the simulated results (especially the first-order statistics) are not very sensitive to the LES-SGS parameterizations. Last, a relatively coarse spatial resolution of 6.25 m is shown to be adequate for representing the basic characteristics of a moderately/strongly stratified (the ratio of the boundary layer height and the Obukhov length is on the order of 5) boundary layer. In this conference paper, we discuss a subset of these findings.
The plagiarism problem: are students entirely to blame?

Plagiarism is not a new phenomenon, but given the proliferation of easily accessible electronic resources in recent times, it has become so much easier for students to ‘cut and paste’ slabs of text. This can sometimes lead to assignments being submitted that are inadequately referenced or, worse still, assignments being submitted that are largely (or entirely) the work of someone else. This paper critiques the various strategies currently being employed to stamp out plagiarism. These include the use of the various proprietary and freeware packages available for the electronic detection of plagiarism, and honour codes that incorporate punitive systems to discredit plagiarists. The paper concludes by arguing for an integrated approach founded upon a commitment, at an institutional level, to assessment regimes that reward critical analysis rather than content regurgitation. Importantly, ‘authentic assessment’ that engages students is deemed far more likely to achieve the desired results. Electronic media, used effectively, can assist in this endeavour.
qu an tph ] 5 S ep 2 01 6 Local Quantum Thermometry using Unruh-De Witt Detectors

We propose an operational definition for the local temperature of a quantum field employing Unruh-DeWitt detectors, as used in the study of the Unruh and Hawking effects. With this definition, an inhomogeneous quantum system in equilibrium can have different local temperatures, in analogy with the Tolman-Ehrenfest theorem from general relativity. We study the local temperature distribution on the ground state of hopping fermionic systems on a curved background, and conjecture a suitable extension: the product of the local temperature and the logarithm of the local speed of light is approximately constant. Our predictions should be testable on ultracold atomic systems.
Cytotoxic constituents from Psoralea corylifolia

Bioassay directed isolation of the EtOAc extract from a traditional Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia resulted in the purification of two isoflavonoids, corylifols D (1) and E (2), along with four known ones. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR and MS data analyses. When tested against HepG2 and Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, corylifol A (4) displayed IC50 values of 4.6 and 13.5 μg/ml, respectively.
17 Adult Stem Cells in Tissue Homeostasis and Disease

Stem cells (SCs) are a rare population of cells characterized by the ability to self-renew in order to preserve the SC pool and to differentiate in different lineage to produce progeny needed for the physiological functions of tissues and organs. SC can be classified as embryonic SC (ESC) and adult or somatic SC (ASC): ESC have been isolated from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst and are pluripotent cells, that is cells able to differentiate into all the cell types required to form an entire organism (Smith, 2001); ASC are tissue-resident SC that, based on their differentiation potency, can be classified as multipotent, oligopotent or even unipotent. It is still controversial whether every mammalian tissue and organ possesses an ASC, but many tissue-specific ASC have been successfully identified and isolated e.g., hematopoietic SCs (HSCs), mammary SCs, muscle SCs (satellite cells), intestinal SCs, and mesenchymal SCs. All these tissues need to constantly replace damaged or dead cells throughout the life of the animal. This process of continual cell replacement critical for the maintenance of adult tissues, is called tissue homeostasis, and is maintained through the presence of ASC (Fig. 1). The homeostatic replacement of cells varies substantially among different tissues. The epithelium of the intestine is one of the most rapidly self-renewing tissue in adult mammals and it completely self-renews in around 5 days (van der Flier & Clevers, 2009). By contrast, interfollicular epidermis takes 4 weeks to renew (Blanpain & Fuchs, 2009), whereas the lung epithelium can take as long as 6 months to be replaced (Rawlins & Hogan, 2006). Moreover, apart from the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, ASC are devoted to the regeneration and repair of highly specialized tissues. Regeneration refers to the proliferation of cells to replace lost structures, such as the growth of an amputated limb in amphibians. In mammals, whole organs and complex tissues rarely regenerate after injury, but tissues with high proliferative capacity, such as the hematopoietic system and the epithelia of the skin and gastrointestinal tract, renew themselves continuously and can regenerate after injury, as long as the SC of these tissues are not destroyed (Fig. 1). Repair most often consist of a combination of regeneration and scar formation by the deposition of collagen which relative contribution depends on the ability of the tissue to regenerate and the extent of the injury. For instance, in superficial injury of the skin, wound can heal through the regeneration of the surface epithelium. However, scar formation is the predominant healing process that occurs when the extracellular matrix framework is damaged by severe injury (Fig. 1). This last mechanism results in restoration of tissue continuity but with or without function (Gurtner et al., 2008).
Improving employee outcome through human resource management practices and public service motivation: a study of Malaysia public sector

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and Public Service Motivation (PSM) and its impact on the employee outcome. The proposed framework intends to add to the understanding of specific process that mediate between HRM practices and employee outcome in Malaysia public sector. This study is based on reviews of prior studies and theories on HRM practices, employee outcome and PSM. A conceptual framework is provided with the objective to measure HRM practices-employee outcome relationship with the mediation of PSM. This paper proposes to answer how HRM practices can influence employee outcome through the mediating factor of PSM in public sector of Malaysia. This paper can assist the HR managers to understand on the significance of motivation serving the public as the mediating variable and the way HRM practices, through the integration of these two processes lead to the enhancement of employee outcome of becoming 1st class public servants. This paper attempt to clarify the linking process through which HRM practices influence employee outcome. Hopefully, the conceptual framework proposed can contribute further towards the body of literatures since there are still no definite answers of the connection between HRM practices and employee outcome. It can be used for further empirical test in Malaysia public sector.
Association of trace elements with various geochemical phases in the Indian sector of Southern Ocean during past 22 , 000 years and its palaeoceanographic implications

Adopting sequential extraction procedures, Ba, Cu, Mn, Ni, V and Zn concentrations were determined in the moderately reducible, organically bound, carbonateassociated and adsorbable fractions within a sediment core collected from the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. The elemental abundances were studied with reference to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), deglaciation and Holocene periods. The study showed, with the exception of Ba, elemental abundances in the following order: moderately reducible > organically bound > carbonate-associated > adsorbable fractions. Ba showed high affinity to organically bound and carbonate-associated fractions. Ba concentration revealed large variability (200–1400 ppm) within the carbonateassociated fraction and is related to the reduced carbonate productivity during LGM and increased carbonate productivity during deglaciation as well as Holocene intervals. The relative increase in the concentration of V, Mn and Ni in the reducible fraction suggests enhanced suboxic conditions during LGM. The decreased concentrations of V, Mn and Ni during the deglaciation and late Holocene indicate oxygenated conditions. The suboxic conditions during LGM could be attributed to reduced ventilation resulting from reduced strength of the global thermohaline circulation at this time interval.
Kinematic validation of a human thumb model

The human thumb is a three-link and three-joint multibody system. Two joints resemble a saddle with two degrees of freedom (DoFs) each, while the third joint is a single DoF joint like a revolute. The two DoFs joints have been modeled as universal joints in many biomechanical works, however anatomically they have axes that are non-intersecting and non-orthogonal. These axes enable the thumb to perform complex motions and to produce the necessary thumb tip forces. Our aim is to develop a biomechanical model of the thumb with the anatomically feasible joint setup. To validate the kinematics of the system, we perform two tests. Firstly, we move the thumb by changing the values of all the DoFs through two different ranges of motions, namely the maximum range of motion (RoM) and the grasp RoM. The grasp RoM is smaller than the maximum RoM. Hence, the grasp RoM volume is lesser than the maximum RoM and this volume reduction is a kinematic measure of the thumb, which we compare for five models (with same joint designs but different axes locations and orientations) with data from literature. Further, the rotation around its longitudinal axis of the thumb can be measured for the thumb in different postures. The thumb joints in themselves do not have a rotation DoF around the longitudinal axis. For different postures, we compute this rotation of the thumb, which we compare with data from literature. In both tests, the results obtained from simulation are in close agreement with literature data and consequently the thumb model’s kinematics is validated.
Genetics with Dragons: Using an Online Learning Environment to Help Students Achieve a Multilevel Understanding of Genetics

No special safety concerns Genetics, a core topic of biology in both middle and high school, is difficult to teach and learn (Duncan et al. 2009; Tsui and Treagust 2010). This is in part because genetic phenomena span multiple organizational levels, many of which are invisible (e.g., cells, molecules) and arise from the behavior of entities unfamiliar to students (e.g., genes, proteins). In addition, the notion that genetic information merely specifies the structure (and consequently the function) of proteins is rather counterintuitive to children (Lewis and Kattmann 2004). However, knowing that genes provide instructions for making proteins and that proteins have many functions that ultimately give rise to physical traits is a powerful and generative understanding that can explain a plethora of genetic phenomena (Allchin 2002). Current instructional practices tend to gloss over the causal mechanisms that link genes to traits (Duncan, Rogat, and Yarden 2009; Pavlova and Kreher 2013) in favor of an approach focused on patterns of correlations between genes and traits, namely dominant and recessive inheritance. In contrast, A Framework for K–12 Science Education (NRC 2012) and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Lead States 2013) place new emphasis—starting in middle school life science—on the central role of proteins in bringing about traits. The Concord Consortium and our collaborators have developed a free digital genetics game, Geniventure, with an engaging narrative featuring dragons that need to be saved from extinction and highlighting the role of proteins in genetics. Geniventure runs on any modern web browser; it also runs on iPads, Chromebooks, and other tablets. Geniventure leverages our popular Geniverse software that has been used in classrooms by nearly 150,000 students over the last eight years, with approximately one-third of them being middle school students. We redesigned the original Geniverse to enhance learning by this younger audience and to include the multilevel components responsible for physical traits. Through scaffolded virtual Copyright © 2019, National Science Teachers Association (NSTA). Reprinted with permission from Science Scope, Vol. 42, No. 8, April/May 2019.
Zebrafish HSF 4 : a novel protein that shares features of both HSF 1 and HSF 4 of mammals

Heat-shock proteins (hsps) have important roles in the development of the eye lens. We previously demonstrated that knockdown of hsp70 gene expression using morpholino antisense technology resulted in an altered lens phenotype in zebrafish embryos. A less severe phenotype was seen with knockdown of heat-shock factor 1 (HSF1), suggesting that, while it likely plays a role in hsp70 regulation during lens formation, other regulatory factors are also involved. Heatshock factor 4 plays an important role in mammalian lens development, and an expressed sequence tag encoding zebrafish HSF4 has been identified. The deduced amino acid sequence shares structural similarities with mammalian HSF4 including the lack of an HR-C domain. However, the HR-C domain is absent due to a severe C-terminal truncation within zebrafish HSF4 (zHSF4) relative to the mammalian protein. Surprisingly, the amino acid composition of the zHSF4 DNA binding domain shares a greater degree of identity with HSF1 proteins than it does with mammalian HSF4 proteins. Consistent with this, the binding affinity of in vitro synthesized zHSF4 for discontinuous heat-shock response element sequences is more limited, similar to what has been previously observed for HSF1 proteins. Hsf4 mRNA is expressed in zebrafish adult eye tissue but is only observed in developing embryonic tissue at 60 h post-fertilization or later. This, together with the lack of an observable phenotype following morpholino-based antisense knockdown of hsf4, suggests that zHSF4 is unlikely to play a role in regulating early embryonic lens development.
Tear film proteins deposited on high water content contact lenses identified with two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry

Tear film proteins adhere to the surface of contact lenses (CLs). While the proteins in the tears have been extensively studied with various proteomic techniques, adhered proteins to CLs are less studied. In this pilot study, we have separated proteins with 2D gel electrophoresis prior to the conventional mass spectrometry (MS) in order to analyse the deposited proteins on hydrogel CLs from myopic patients.
NgsRelate: a software tool for estimating pairwise relatedness from next-generation sequencing data

Motivation: Pairwise relatedness estimation is important in many contexts such as disease mapping and population genetics. However, all existing estimation methods are based on called genotypes, which is not ideal for next-generation sequencing (NGS) data of low depth from which genotypes cannot be called with high certainty. Results: We present a software tool, NgsRelate, for estimating pairwise relatedness from NGS data. It provides maximum likelihood estimates that are based on genotype likelihoods instead of genotypes and thereby takes the inherent uncertainty of the genotypes into account. Using both simulated and real data, we show that NgsRelate provides markedly better estimates for low-depth NGS data than two state-of-the-art genotype-based methods. Availability: NgsRelate is implemented in C++ and is available under the GNU license at www.popgen. dk/software. Contact: ida@binf.ku. dk Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
LOW-FREQUENCY NOISE IN AlGaN / GaN HETEROSTRUCTURE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS AND METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS 1

The dependence of the 1/f noise on 2D electron concentration in the channel nCh of AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors has been studied and compared. The dependencies of Hooge parameter αCh for the noise sources located in the channel of the transistors on sheet electron concentration are found identical for both types of devices. The increase of the Hooge parameter αCh with the decrease of the channel concentration observed in both types of devices confirms that the noise sources are located in the region under the gate in the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure and that electron tunneling from the 2D electron gas into the traps in GaN or AlGaN layers is a probable noise mechanism.
Microarray analysis of Xenopus endoderm expressing Ptf1a

Pancreas‐specific transcription factor 1a (Ptf1a), a bHLH transcription factor, has two temporally distinct functions during pancreas development; initially it is required for early specification of the entire pancreas, while later it is required for proper differentiation and maintenance of only acinar cells. The importance of Ptf1a function was revealed by the fact that loss of Ptf1a leads to pancreas agenesis in humans. While Ptf1a is one of the most important pancreatic transcription factors, little is known about the differences between the regulatory networks it controls during initial specification of the pancreas as opposed to acinar cell development, and to date no comprehensive analysis of its downstream targets has been published. In this article, we use Xenopus embryos to identify putative downstream targets of Ptf1a. We isolated anterior endoderm tissue overexpressing Ptf1a at two early stages, NF32 and NF36, and compared their gene expression profiles using microarrays. Our results revealed that Ptf1a regulates genes with a wide variety of functions, providing insight into the complexity of the regulatory network required for pancreas specification. genesis 50:853–870, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genome Sequence of Moraxella catarrhalis RH4, an Isolate of Seroresistant Lineage

ABSTRACT Here we report the annotated genome sequence of Moraxella catarrhalis strain RH4, a seroresistant-lineage strain isolated from the blood of an infected patient. This genome sequence will allow us to gain further insight into the genetic diversity of clinical M. catarrhalis isolates and will facilitate study of M. catarrhalis pathogenesis.
Modelling regional responses by marine pelagic ecosystems to global climate change

Current coupled ocean‐atmosphere model (COAM) projections of future oceanic anthropogenic carbon uptake suggest reduced rates due to surface warming, enhanced stratification, and slowed thermohaline overturning. Such models rely on simple, bulk biogeochemical parameterisations, whereas recent ocean observations indicate that floristic shifts may be induced by climate variability, are widespread, complex, and directly impact biogeochemical cycles. We present a strategy to incorporate ecosystem function in COAM's and to evaluate the results in relation to region‐specific ecosystem dynamics and interannual variability using a template of oceanic biogeographical provinces. Illustrative simulations for nitrogen fixers with an off‐line multi‐species, functional group model suggest significant changes by the end of this century in ecosystem structure, with some of the largest regional impacts caused by shifts in the areal extent of biomes.
A NEW EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF THE THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR (CASE STUDIES:CURRENT AND POWER FACTOR OF THE MOTOR)

Characteristics of the three-phase induction motors can be analized by using a conventional equivalent circuit. The parameters of the circuit can be obtained through of several experiment's results in the laboratory such as dc test, noload test, and blocked-rotor test. All data must be gotten accurately if they are used for predicting the characteristics of the three-phase induction motor. If one data is not gotten accurately, the characteristics of the motor can not be predicted accurately. This study is purposed to give a simple equivalent circuit for analyzing the characteristics of the 3-phase induction motors by using only the nameplate and the no-load test data of the motor. So, the blocked-rotor test and dc test of the motor are not required for the purposed circuit. This study is focused to discuss about the line current and power factor of the three-phase induction motor. The object used in this study was the 3-phase induction motor of 1.5 HP, 380/220V, Y/∆, 2.7/4.7 A, 4 poles, 50 Hz, 1400 RPM. The results of this study show that the equivalent circuit proposed in this study can be used to predict the characteristics of the three-phase induction motor, especially the input current and power factor of the motor with an accurate rate above 90%.
Vision System for a Robot Guide System

This paper presents an approach to design a vision system using fuzzy logical control and real time image processing technologies. The system developed is for an autonomous guide robot which is expected to be able to navigate in an unknown environment and search for a given object. There are many considerations necessary for the vision system of a robot due to the complexities in image and vision processing. The processing power required for vision processing is large, which means the image processing speed is largely dependent on the cost and hardware resource constraints. For autonomous robots to be practical in most situations, the vision system must provide vision processing at a sufficiently short time period. As such, image processing methods must be optimised.
GC-MS , phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica

Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavour and conserve food, to treat health disorders and to prevent diseases including epidemics. The knowledge of the anti-oxidant properties has been a promising method of assessing free radicals damage. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activities of leaves of Canavalia cathartica and to identify the bioactive compounds by performing GC-MS analysis resulting in the presence of volatile and semi volatile compounds. The IC50 of DPPH ̇ radical, ABTS ̇+ radical cation, Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays were 84.03, 51.18 and 351. 78μg/mL concentration respectively. Also, the IC50 of Phosphomolybdenum reduction and ferric reducing power assay were 81.53 and 87. 64μg/mL concentration respectively. The results of this study portray the effective antioxidant activity of Canavalia cathartica and further studies are required to isolate the active compounds from various parts of this species and their mode of action. From the study it can be concluded that the plant might be promising as a curative for many diseases associated with free radicals.