Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Editorial: improved understanding of the epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea

in the original analysis (Figure 1). The UDCA group baseline scores were not significantly different from the combined fenofibrate and UDCA-treated group and the score of those treated with UDCA monotherapy rose over time. By contrast, the UK-PBC Risk score in the combination fenofibrate and UDCA-treated group declined from baseline to end-of-follow-up for all three time intervals, suggesting an improvement in their prognosis. Is fenofibrate a panacea? By no means. As Profs Jones and Hansen point out, it had no effect on symptoms, similar to UDCA, and clearly did not benefit all patients. However, while we wait for future and better therapies (that are fortunately in development), fenofibrate may offer an option for patients who do not respond to UDCA alone, and a prospective study of this therapy is certainly warranted. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors’ declarations of personal and financial interests are unchanged from those in the original article.
Arachidonic Acid and Oleoylacetylglycerol Induce a Synergistic Facilitation of Ca2+‐Dependent Glutamate Release from Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Nerve Endings

Abstract: Arachidonic acid and oleoylacetylglycerol enhance depolarization‐evoked glutamate release from hippocampal mossy fiber nerve endings. It was proposed this is a Ca2+‐dependent effect and that protein kinase C is involved. Here we report that arachidonic acid and oleoylacetylglycerol synergistically potentiate the glutamate release induced by the Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin. The Ca2+ dependence of this effect was established, as removal of Ca2+ eliminated evoked release and the lipid‐dependent potentiation. Also, Ca2+ channel blockers attenuated ionomycin‐ and KCI‐evoked exocytosis, as well as the facilitating effects of the lipid mediators. Although facilitation required Ca2+, it may not involve an enhancement of evoked Ca2+ accumulation, because ionomycin‐dependent glutamate release was potentiated under conditions that did not increase ionomycin‐induced Ca2+ accumulation. Also, the facilitation may not depend on inhibition of K+ efflux, because enhanced release was observed in the presence of increasing concentrations of 4‐aminopyridine and diazoxide did not reduce the lipid‐dependent potentiation of exocytosis. In contrast, disruption of cytoskeleton organization with cytochalasin D occluded the lipid‐dependent facilitations of both KCI‐ and ionomycin‐evoked glutamate release. In addition, arachidonic acid plus glutamatergic or cholinergic agonists enhanced glutamate release, whereas a role for protein kinase C in the potentiation of exocytosis was substantiated using kinase inhibitors. It appears that the lipid‐dependent facilitation of glutamate release from mossy fiber nerve endings requires Ca2+ and involves multiple presynaptic effects, some of which depend on protein kinase C.
Inhibition of the Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders

AbstractActivation of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) pathway plays an important role in the pathophysiology of a number of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs). A number of preclinical studies support inhibiting BTK as a mechanism to treat LPDs. Clinically, BTK inhibitors, specifically ibrutinib, have shown to be safe and effective on treating patients with indolent B-cell lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib has recently gained approval for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, and CLL. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating ibrutinib and other BTK inhibitors alone or in combination for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, CLL, activated B-cell–type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma, among others. The objective of this review is to succinctly summarize the current body of evidence on BTK inhibition in patients with B-cell LPDs.
FREACSIM: a framework for creating and simulating real-time capable network on chip systems and applications

This paper presents the new Framework for Real-time capable Embedded system and ArChitecture SIMulation (FREACSIM), a highly configurable full-system simulation environment enabling and easing the modeling, simulation and verification of Network on Chip architectures for hard real-time systems. The framework is mostly geared towards software developers, supporting them in the simulation of NoCs at an instruction accurate level and offers a broad variety of real-world hardware components as part of the integrated virtualization toolbox. FREACSIM provides a software-based routing strategy between nodes, with a single node consisting of a processor and required peripherals for enabling real-time capability. This allows a flexible and independent comparison of currently implemented hardware strategies, as well as an easy adaption to better suit new hardware needs. The software-based routing, as well as distributed applications that can be implemented for the NoC hardware design, are able to use the real-time operating system eCos, which is part of our framework. As a result, real-time capable software can be implemented for, and tested on, complex NoC systems. We demonstrate the flexibility and the benefits of our framework with a set of applications (use cases), which cover typical heavy and light load distributions between communication and computation.
An Analysis of Stockwell Transforms, with Applications to Image Processing

Time-frequency analysis is a powerful tool for signal analysis and processing. The Fourier transform and wavelet transforms are used extensively as is the Short-Time Fourier Transform (or Gabor transform). In 1996 the Stockwell transform was introduced to maintain the phase of the Fourier transform, while also providing the progressive resolution of the wavelet transform. The discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform is a more efficient, less redundant transform with the same properties. There has been little work on mathematical properties of the Stockwell transform, particularly how it behaves under operations such as translation and modulation. Previous results do discuss a resolution of the identity, as well as some of the function spaces that may be associated with it [2]. We extend the resolution of the identity results, and behaviour under translation, modulation, convolution and differentiation. Boundedness and continuity properties are also developed, but the function spaces associated with the transform are unrelated to the focus of this thesis. There has been some work on image processing using the Stockwell transform and discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform. The tests were quite preliminary. In this thesis, we explore some of the mathematics of the Stockwell transform, examining properties, and applying it to various continuous examples. The discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform is compared directly with Newland’s harmonic wavelet transform, and we extend the definition to include varitions, as well as develop the discrete cosine based Stockwell transform. All of these discrete transforms are tested against current methods for image compression.
Cross-Layer Dynamic Spectrum Map Management Framework for White Space Applications

White space, unused TV spectrum, will be allowed for unlicensed use by wireless communication devices "the so called white space applications (WSAs). " WSAs retrieve a location-based spectrum map, a list of open white space channels, from a spectrum map server and can select one on the list as their operating channel for the broadband Internet access. However, since not only primary users such as TV broadcasting services use white space shortly or longly but also neighboring WSAs do, WSAs need to perform spectrum sensing that determines the occupancy status, either occupied or unoccupied, of white space channels and select one among the unoccupied channels according to the spectrum sensing results. In a conventional spectrum sensing, they can execute unnecessary spectrum sensing on the already occupied channels. This paper proposes a dynamic management framework of white space that extends a spectrum map to contain occupancy information with the assistance of WSAs. Our framework enables WSAs to avoid unnecessary spectrum sensing on the channels that are marked as occupied according to the extended spectrum map. In return for the provision of the spectrum map, a spectrum map server obtains the spectrum sensing results of associated WSAs to update the extended spectrum map about the channel occupancy status. Theoretical analysis indicates that the proposed framework can contribute to shortening the total spectrum sensing time of WSAs by up to 50%.
Scleractinian Coral Species Survive and Recover from Decalcification

Anthropogenic-driven accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and projected ocean acidification have raised concerns regarding the eventual impact on coral reefs. This study demonstrates that skeleton-producing corals grown in acidified experimental conditions are able to sustain basic life functions, including reproductive ability, in a sea anemone‐like form and will resume skeleton building when reintroduced to normal modern marine conditions. These results support the existence of physiological refugia, allowing corals to alternate between nonfossilizing soft-body ecophenotypes and fossilizing skeletal forms in response to changes in ocean chemistry. This refugia, however, does not undermine the threats to reef ecosystems in a high carbon dioxide world.
Clinicopathological characteristics and experience in the treatment of giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

ABSTRACT Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS) is a rare tumor, especailly those over 20 kg that are called “giant liposarcoma," whose characteristics and treatments remain relatively unknown. Herein, we report a giant RPLS measuring 65 × 45 × 30 cm in diameter and 31 kg in weight, which we successfully performed complete excision through interdisciplinary cooperation. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged without complications. Afterwards he underwent radiotherapy and had no evidence of tumor recurrence or symptoms of metastasis at 3-month CT scan and 8-month follow-up. We also first review the 13 cases reported in literature published in PubMed regarding giant RPLS. Giant RPLS commonly occurs in adults aged 40–60 y and presents atypical clinical manifestations. CT scan is the most useful examination and preoperative biopsy is controversial. Complete surgical resection still remains the principal treatment. Giant RPLS can also be removed, even reach to R0 excision, by a multidisciplinary team in a specialized center after meticulous planning even though its gigantic tumor size. Local radiotherapy following surgery may improve the rate of recurrence. Besides, closely follow-up and routine examinations are required.
Correcting Distortion of Views into Aquarium and Its Accuracy

We present a way to correct light distortion of views looking into an aquarium. When we see fish in an aquarium, they appear closer and distorted due to light distortion. In order to correct the distortion, light rays travelling in the aquarium directly towards an observer should hit him/her after emerging from the aquarium. In this manuscript, those light rays are captured by a perspective camera at specific positions, not the observer position. And then it is shown that the taken images are successfully merged as a single one that is not affected by light distortion. key words: distortion correction, aquarium, light distortion
KfW/ZEW CO2 Barometer 2010: Effizienzpotenziale des Emissionshandels noch nicht ausgeschöpft – Strategien und Management deutscher Unternehmen

Im Rahmen eines Kooperationsprojekts mit der KfW Bankengruppe fuhrt das Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH (ZEW) seit 2009 jahrlich eine Befragung unter allen regulierten deutschen Unternehmen und zahlreichen internationalen Marktexperten des EU Emissionshandelssystems durch. Der Zweck der Datenerhebung ist die Analyse des Marktes fur Emissionszertifikate und seiner Entwicklung. Die Ergebnisse werden in einem jahrlichen, breit angelegten Marktreport, dem KfW/ZEW CO2-Barometer publiziert. Daruber hinaus gibt es eine Kurzveroffentlichung auf halbjahrlicher Basis, die uber aktuelle CO2-Barometer Entwicklungen auf dem Markt berichtet. Das Wichtigste in Kurze: Geringe Auseinandersetzung mit Kosten und Risiken der Versteigerung von Emissionszertifikaten ab 2013. Grosteil der Unternehmen uber interne CO2-Einsparmoglichkeiten unzureichend informiert. Effizienzpotenziale des Emissionshandels noch nicht ausgeschopft. Deutlich starkere Belastung von Unternehmen mit geringen Emissionen.
Administration of recombinant factor VIIa decreases blood loss after blunt trauma in noncoagulopathic pigs.

BACKGROUND Activated factor VII catalyzes the activation of clotting factors IX and X within the clotting cascade, and has been used clinically to decrease bleeding in patients with hemophilia and other bleeding disorders. Studies suggest the use of recombinant VIIa (rVIIa) may decrease bleeding after injury in the presence of a coagulopathy, but there is conflicting evidence regarding its use in the absence of coagulopathy. This study was performed to determine whether a single dose of rVIIa would reduce blood loss in noncoagulopathic pigs after blunt trauma. METHODS Anesthetized pigs were subject to multiple blunt injuries consisting of a femur fracture, liver laceration, and soft-tissue crush injury. Fifteen minutes after the trauma, pigs were randomized to receive a single 120 microg/kg dose of rVIIa or placebo. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, temperature, and hematocrit (Hct) were measured during a 2-hour period of standardized fluid resuscitation. The primary endpoint was blood loss. RESULTS The degree of trauma in the two groups was similar. Animals in the treated group had a mean blood loss of 19.6 mL/kg (13.5-25.7) versus 30.0 mL/kg (24.8-35.3) in the control group (p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS A single dose of 120 microg/kg of rVIIa can significantly decrease blood loss in traumatized pigs with no preexisting coagulopathy. Further studies are required to determine the lowest effective dose of this medication.
Spinal Pain Mechanisms

Pain is an extremely complex process that involves the interaction of an array of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators at all levels of the neuraxis. Identification of the receptors and processes that are involved in the transmission of pain at a spinal level has led to the use of new agents and new techniques in pain management. These include use of preemptive analgesia and use of techniques such as intrathecal drug administration and epidural spinal cord stimulation. This review presents some of the findings from basic research that have led to these developments, particularly those that relate to the changes that occur following inflammation and nerve injury.
Weapons and warfare in Renaissance Europe: Gunpowder, technology, and tactics

Thank you for reading weapons and warfare in renaissance europe gunpowder technology and tactics. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their chosen novels like this weapons and warfare in renaissance europe gunpowder technology and tactics, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.
Semantic Relations for the Recognition of Anaphoric Expressions with dierent head

This technical report addresses the problem of how semantic relations can be used to improve the performance of anaphora resolution. In particular I took the mentions from coreferce chains classied as false negatives by BART, a system for anaphora resolution, and I extracted the relations that hold between the two dierent mentions by means of pattern searching in google. The results show that it is possible to improve the performance of anaphora resolution by classifying false negative co-referring mentions with the same head using taxonomic and associative relations as features.
Semi-Blind Deconvolution of Neural Impulse Response in Event-Related fMRI Using a Gibbs Sampler

Identification of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is essential for a better understanding of cerebral activity. In a given region-of-interest (ROI) of the brain, several works have demonstrated that neighbor voxels have close shape responses, but with potentially different magnitude. This property of similarity also holds between HRFs corresponding to different stimuli in the paradigm. In this paper, we account for these features in a given ROI and estimate a single HRF shape but several magnitude coefficients per voxel and condition, which may be thought of representing the neural response level. Identified as a semiblind deconvolution inverse problem, we use a Gibbs sampling approach to estimate the unknown quantities. Our method, validated both on synthetic and real fMRI data provides spatial activation maps in a given ROI with no assumptions on the exact shape of the HRF.
Craniocervical Fixation With Occipital Condyle Screws: Biomechanical Analysis of a Novel Technique

Study Design. A human cadaveric biomechanical study comparing craniocervical fixation techniques. Objective. To quantitatively compare the biomechanical stability of a new technique for occipitocervical fixation using the occipital condyles with an established method for craniocervical spine fusion. Summary of Background Data. Stabilization of the occipitocervical junction remains a challenge. The occiput does not easily accommodate instrumentation because of access and spatial constraints. In fact, the area available for the implant fixation is limited and can be restricted further when a suboccipital craniectomy has been performed, posing a challenge to current fixation techniques. Occipital screws are also associated with the potential for intracranial complications. Methods. Six fresh frozen cadaveric specimens occiput-C4 were tested intact, after destabilization and after fixation as follows: (1) occipital plate with C1 lateral mass screws and C2 pars screws and (2) occipital condyle screws with C1 lateral mass screws and C2 pars screws. Specimens were loaded in a custom spine testing apparatus and subjected to the following tests, all performed under 50-N unconstrained axial preload: flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation at 1.5 Nm. The constructs were statistically compared with a one-way analysis of variance and compared with the intact condition. Results. Motions were reduced by ∼80% compared with the intact condition for both configurations under all motions. There were no statistically significant differences in the range of motion (ROM) between the 2 instrumentation conditions. The mean values indicated decreased ROM with the novel occipital condyle screw construct in comparison with the standard occipital plate and rod system. Conclusion. Craniocervical stabilization using occipital condyle screws as the sole cephalad fixation point is biomechanically equivalent with regard to the modes tested (ROM and stiffness) to the standard occipital plate construct.
New approach to develop ultra-high inhibitory drug using the power function of the stoichiometry of the targeted nanomachine or biocomplex.

AIMS To find methods for potent drug development by targeting to biocomplex with high copy number. METHODS Phi29 DNA packaging motor components with different stoichiometries were used as model to assay virion assembly with Yang Hui's Triangle [Formula: see text], where Z = stoichiometry, M = drugged subunits per biocomplex, p and q are the fraction of drugged and undrugged subunits in the population. RESULTS Inhibition efficiency follows a power function. When number of drugged subunits to block the function of the complex K = 1, the uninhibited biocomplex equals q(z), demonstrating the multiplicative effect of stoichiometry on inhibition with stoichiometry 1000 > 6 > 1. Complete inhibition of virus replication was found when Z = 6. CONCLUSION Drug inhibition potency depends on the stoichiometry of the targeted components of the biocomplex or nanomachine. The inhibition effect follows a power function of the stoichiometry of the target biocomplex.
3D TSV transformer design for DC-DC/AC-DC converter

This paper presents a new concept of 3D transformer structure realized by through silicon via (TSV) technology. A set of different turn ratio transformers have been designed and analyzed. The results show that the proposed 3D TSV transformer possesses good performance with small size. Finally, an AC to DC converter circuit which based on proposed transformer has been designed. The result demonstrates that proposed 3D TSV transformer is suitable for AC to DC converter design.
Epidemiology of Gonorrhea: Distribution and Temporal Changes in Auxotype/Serovar Classes of Neisseria gonorrhoeae

The auxotype/serovar (A/S) class of 489 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were determined and 425 isolates from 390 consecutive patients with gonorrhea who attended the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle during the first three months of 1985 were analyzed. Patients included 123 women, 187 heterosexual men, and 80 homosexual men. A total of 57 A/S classes of N. gonorrhoeae were identified during this study. For the first eight weeks, between three and seven new A/S classes were identified each week. The number of new A/S classes encountered in this community declined subsequently, and leveled off at about zero to two new A/S classes introduced per week. Two A/S classes were limited almost solely to homosexual men, one group of related classes was limited to heterosexual patients, and one class was initially limited largely to heterosexual men, possibly because of spread from a prostitute. The results show that the A/S classification system can be used in combination with epidemiologic data for tracing the introduction and spread of gonoccocal strains and their eventual elimination from a community. A/S classification can be used to study the clinical epidemiology of gonorrhea and may facilitate evaluation of strategies for control of gonorrhea.
Mefloquine–Oxazolidine Derivatives: A New Class of Anticancer Agents

A series of 23 racemic mefloquine–oxazolidine derivatives, 4‐[3‐(aryl)hexahydro[1,3]oxazolo[3,4‐a]pyridin‐1‐yl]‐2,8‐bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolines, derived from (R*, S*)‐(±)‐mefloquine and arenealdehydes, have been evaluated for their activity against four cancer cell lines (HCT‐8, OVCAR‐8, HL‐60, and SF‐295). Good cytotoxicities have been determined with IC50 values ranging from 0.59 to 4.79 μg/mL. In general compounds with aryl groups having strong electron‐releasing substituents, such as HO and MeO, or electron‐rich heteroaryl groups, for example imidazol‐2‐y‐l, are active. However, other factors such as steric effects may play a role. As both the active and non‐active conformations of the mefloquine–oxazolidine derivatives are similar, it is concluded that molecular conformations do not play a significant role either. This study is the first to evaluate mefloquine derivatives as antitumor agents. The mefloquine–oxazolidine derivatives are considered to be useful leads for the rational design of new antitumor agents.
Generalization of an outlier model into a “global” perspective

In this work, we study the generalization of an outlier model from two perspectives, temporal and spatial. We show that model generalization with existing distribution-based outlier analysis methods can vary significantly. We then propose a “big data” outlier analysis approach together with a probability-based outlier evaluation for improving model generalization. Experiments are conducted based on two automotive product lines to explain the concepts and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.