Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation on Eccentric Identified from Picture using Graph Methodology

ABSTARCT: Rapidly face identification of eccentric in picture has drawn significant research interests and led to various applications. We investigate the problem of rapidly labelling appearances of eccentric in TV or picture material with their names. The contribution of this paper is two-fold: (1) we propose a generative model, named eccentric picture, to depict the temporal character correspondence between picture and script, from which face-name relationship can be automatically learned as a model parameter, and meanwhile, video scene structure can be effectively inferred as a hidden state sequence; (2) we find fast algorithms to accelerate both model parameter learning and state inference, resulting in an efficient and global optimal alignment. We first segment scenes in the movie by analysis and alignment of script and movie. Then we conduct sub story discovery and content attention analysis based on the scene analysis and character interaction features. Different from the existing methods that are categorized as static captioning, dynamic captioning puts scripts at suitable positions to help hearing impaired audience better recognize the speaking characters.
Modeling perspective-taking upon observation of 3D biological motion

It appears that the mirror neuron system plays a crucial role when learning by imitation. However, it remains unclear how mirror neuron properties develop in the first place. A likely prerequisite for developing mirror neurons may be the capability to transform observed motion into a sufficiently self-centered frame of reference. We propose an artificial neural network (NN) model that implements such a transformation capability by a highly embodied approach: The model first learns to correlate and predict self-induced motion patterns by associating egocentric visual and proprioceptive perceptions. Once these predictions are sufficiently accurate, a robust and invariant recognition of observed biological motion becomes possible by allowing a self-supervised, error-driven adaption of the visual frame of reference. The NN is a modified, dynamic, adaptive resonance model, which features self-supervised learning and adjustment, neural field normalization, and information-driven neural noise adaptation. The developed architecture is evaluated with a simulated 3D humanoid walker with 12 body landmarks and 10 angular DOF. The model essentially shows how an internal frame of reference adaptation for deriving the perspective of another person can be acquired by first learning about the own bodily motion dynamics and by then exploiting this self-knowledge upon the observation of other, relative, biological motion patterns. The insights gained by the model may have significant implications for the development of social capabilities and respective impairments.
A key-entity graph for clustering multichannel news: student research abstract

Social networks (SN) have gained a very important role in the dissemination of news, since they allow a greater share of news than web sites and are more timely to provide updates, publishing more updated versions of the same news on the same day. The use of a variety of communication media (or channels) stimulates the need for integration and analysis of the huge amount of information published globally. The scale and heterogeneity of these messages makes the analysis of news very challenging. This paper presents an in-progress research work: the definition of a tool for clustering news according to their topics in order to understand whether there are correlations between news published by different newspapers on the same channel or by the same newspaper on different channels. We started the implementation of a method [3] based on the Keygraph algorithm [4] in order to perform multichannel clustering of news according to their topics. In this paper, we extend the proposed method [3] by considering entities in addition to the keywords to detect topics. We argue that each event can be described by entities such as times, locations, persons, things and topics. Detecting entities in a news might improve the clustering results.
Identifying reasons for software changes using historic databases

Large scale software products must constantly change in order to adapt to a changing environment. Studies of historic data from legacy software systems have identified three specific causes of this change: adding new features; correcting faults; and restructuring code to accommodate future changes. Our hypothesis is that a textual description field of a change is essential to understanding why that change was performed. Also, we expect that difficulty, size, and interval would vary strongly across different types of changes. To test these hypotheses we have designed a program which automatically classifies maintenance activity based on a textual description of changes. Developer surveys showed that the automatic classification was in agreement with developer opinions. Tests of the classifier on a different product found that size and interval for different types of changes did not vary across two products. We have found strong relationships between the type and size of a change and the time required to carry it out. We also discovered a relatively large amount of perfective changes in the system we examined. From this study we have arrived at several suggestions on how to make version control data useful in diagnosing the state of a software project, without significantly increasing the overhead for the developer using the change management system.
Forming Planetesimals in Solar and Extrasolar Nebulae

Planets are built from planetesimals: solids larger than a kilometer that grow by colliding in pairs. Planetesimals themselves are unlikely to form by twobody collisions alone; subkilometer objects have gravitational fields individually too weak, and electrostatic attraction is too feeble for growth beyond a few centimeters. We review the possibility that planetesimals form when self-gravity brings together vast ensembles of small particles. Even when self-gravity is weak, aerodynamic processes can accumulate solids relative to gas, paving the way for gravitational collapse. Particles pile up as they drift radially inward. Gas turbulence stirs particles but can also seed collapse by clumping them. Whereas the feedback of solids on gas triggers vertical-shear instabilities that obstruct self-gravity, this same feedback triggers streaming instabilities that strongly concentrate particles. Numerical simulations find that solids ∼10–100 cm in size gravitationally collapse in turbulent disks. We outline areas for progress, including the possibility that still smaller objects self-gravitate.
An effective method and pathways of acrylonitrile degradation to acrylic acid through an alkaline hydrothermal system

ABSTRACT Degradation of pollution for specific chemicals represents an optimal approach to high-strength wastewater treatment. One-pot selective conversion of acrylonitrile to acrylic acid in a hydrothermal system with NaOH as a catalyst was carried out. The influence factors were evaluated, including initial acrylonitrile concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and amount of alkali. Experimental results showed that the highest yield of acrylic acid (55%) was obtained at the initial acrylonitrile concentration of 3 × 103 mg/L, 300°C for 90 s with 1.0 M NaOH. To determine the reaction path, intermediates analysis and calculation of carbon and nitrogen balance were carried out by means of HPLC, GC and TOC/TN methods. Two probable reaction pathways were proposed as follows: (1) Acrylonitrile was hydrolyzed into acrylamide, and acrylic acid was obtained via further hydrolysis. (2) Acrylonitrile was converted into 3-hydroxy-propionitrile via additive reaction, and this product was readily converted to 3-hydroxy-propionic acid through two steps of hydrolysis, followed by dehydration reaction to produce acrylic acid. This study offered not only an efficient method to transfer highly toxic pollutants into valuable chemical, but also a better understanding of hydrothermal alkali catalytic reaction.
Layered Multi-Group Steered Space-Time Shift-Keying for Millimeter-Wave Communications

We propose a novel multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique termed the layered multi-group steered space-time shift keying (LMG-SSTSK) for the downlink of millimeter wave (mmWave) communications, which combines the concepts of multi-user MIMO, space-time shift keying, beamforming and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing to simultaneously convey information to multiple users. The LMG-SSTSK tackles the propagation challenges of the high-attenuation mmWave frequencies by sub-dividing the users into multiple groups. The proposed system allows more users to be served simultaneously in the downlink over the same time- and frequency-resources than a system dispensing with the proposed grouping technique.
Early determination and long-term persistence of adult-generated new neurons in the hippocampus of mice

New neurons are continually generated in the adult hippocampus, but the important question, whether adult neurogenesis is transient or leads to the lasting presence of new neurons, has not yet been answered. Dividing cells were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and were investigated by means of immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy at several time-points 1 day to 11 months thereafter. BrdU-labeled neurons remained stable in number and in their relative position in the granule cell layer over at least 11 months. This finding implies that the addition of new neurons is not transient and that their final number and localization are determined early. By contrast, expression of immature markers β-III-tubulin and doublecortin in BrdU-labeled cells, peaked early after division and was not detectable after 4 weeks. In transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein under the nestin promoter none of the BrdU/nestin-positive cells early after division expressed the mature marker NeuN, confirming that no dividing neurons were detected. These new data suggest that new neurons are recruited early from the pool of proliferating progenitor cells and lead to a lasting effect of adult neurogenesis.
Identification of a transmembrane glycoprotein specific for secretory vesicles of neural and endocrine cells

Several types of cells store proteins in secretory vesicles from which they are released by an appropriate stimulus. It might be expected that the secretory vesicles in different cell types use similar molecular machinery. Here we describe a transmembrane glycoprotein (Mr approximately 100,000) that is present in secretory vesicles in all neurons and endocrine cells studied, in species from elasmobranch fish to mammals, and in neural and endocrine cell lines. It was detected by cross-reactivity with monoclonal antibodies raised to highly purified cholinergic synaptic vesicles from the electric organ of fish. By immunoprecipitation of intact synaptic vesicles and electron microscopic immunoperoxidase labeling, we have shown that the antigenic determinant is on the cytoplasmic face of the synaptic vesicles. However, the electrophoretic mobility of the antigen synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin is reduced to Mr approximately 62,000, which suggests that the antigen is glycosylated and must therefore span the vesicle membrane.
The Packing Density in Proteins: Standard Radii and Volumes

The sizes of atomic groups are a fundamental aspect of protein structure. They are usually expressed in terms of standard sets of radii for atomic groups and of volumes for both these groups and whole residues. Atomic groups, which subsume a heavy-atom and its cova-lently attached hydrogen atoms into one moiety, are used because the positions of hydrogen atoms in protein structures are generally not known. We have calculated new values for the radii of atomic groups and for the volumes of atomic groups. These values should prove useful in the analysis of protein packing, protein recognition and ligand design. Our radii for atomic groups were derived from inter-molecular distance calculations on a large number ($30,000) of crystal structures of small organic compounds that contain the same atomic groups to those found in proteins. Our radii show signi®cant differences to previously reported values. We also use this new radii set to determine the packing ef®ciency in different regions of the protein interior. This analysis shows that, if the surface water molecules are included in the calculations, the overall packing ef®ciency throughout the protein interior is high and fairly uniform. However, if the water structure is removed, the packing ef®ciency in peripheral regions of the protein interior is underestimated, by $3.5 %.
The Deployment of Novel Techniques for Mobile ECG Monitoring

In this paper, we address the critical issues raised inmobile ECG monitoring and propose new solutions to resolve respective problem. A chest-belt type two-electrode wireless ECG measurement system and the specific android ECG monitoring application are presented. Furthermore, we also propose optimum filter-set for motion artifact removal in ECG recording. Average R-peak detection success rate is seen to be improved from 71.8% up to 97.4% after deploying the optimum filter-set coefficient. Besides that, we also suggest a simple and reliable arrhythmia ECG detection algorithm. The algorithm is proved with a promising accuracy of 95.4% in detecting arrhythmia ECG pattern. Lastly, a real time experiment is presented to demonstrate mobile ECG monitoring using a 10.1 inch Galaxy Tab.
User Perception of Quality of Distributed Multimedia

Quality of Perception (QoP) is a measure of perceptual quality of multimedia from a user point of view, whereas, Quality of Service (QoS) is a measure of the low-level parameters of a multimedia system infrastructure. QoP of multimedia depends on several system level (or QoS) parameters such as frame rate, network delay, jitter, data-loss, distortion, region of interest, display type, audio-video synchronization (lip sync), etc. Perceptual quality models are very useful as are the QoS models in determining the effectiveness and success of a distributed multimedia system, especially when the resources are constrained. Developing QoP models is a challenging effort; it involves not only in-depth study of system level technicalities but also an understanding of the user perception of the multimedia presentation. In our attempt, we hope to review and critique some of current approaches to the study of perceptual quality of multimedia. It is convincing that with a better understanding of user perspective, system level parameters can be tuned to achieve best performance.
Multilocus Sequence Typing Reveals Three Genetic Subpopulations of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (Serotype A), Including a Unique Population in Botswana

We applied multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to investigate the population structure and mode of reproduction of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (serotype A). This MLST system utilizes 12 unlinked polymorphic loci, which are dispersed on nine different chromosomes, and allows the unambiguous identification of closely related strains of serotype A. We compared MLST analyses with the conventional genotyping method of detecting amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), and there was excellent correlation between the MLST and AFLP results. However, MLST differentiated a larger number of strains. We analyzed a global collection of isolates of serotype A using both methods, and the results identified at least three genetically distinct subpopulations, designated groups VNI, VNII, and VNB. Groups VNI and VNII are widespread, dominated by isolates with the MATα mating type, and predominantly clonal. Conversely, isolates of group VNB are unique to Botswana, include a significant proportion of fertile strains with the MATa mating type, and manifest compelling evidence of recombination. We have AFLP genotyped >1000 strains of serotype A from different parts of the world, including isolates from several African countries, and, to date, haploid serotype A isolates of group VNB have been found only in Botswana.
Entropy-Based Epistasy Search in SNP Case-Control Studies

The purpose of gene mapping is to identify the causal genetic regions of a specific phenotype mainly a complex disease. Most complex diseases are believed to have multiple contributing loci often having subtle patterns which make them fairly difficult to find in large datasets. We present and discuss a new criterion called conditional mutual information for association mapping and compare it to the previous criterion which is mutual information from different aspects. Furthermore, algorithms are proposed to find relevance chains. The proposed algorithms are especially in favor of diseases having almost equally contributing regions known as being epistatic. These algorithms are applied to both simulated and real data. The real data represents the genotype-phenotype values for AMD disease. Proposed relevance-chain algorithms have detected some highly associated markers with AMD. C# source files for relevance-chains algorithm are freely available at https://www. sharemation. com/amanzour.
An information-theoretic model for adaptive side-channel attacks

We present a model of adaptive side-channel attacks which we combine with information-theoretic metrics to quantify the information revealed to an attacker. This allows us to express an attacker's remaining uncertainty about a secret as a function of the number of side-channel measurements made. We present algorithms and approximation techniques for computing this measure. We also give examples of how they can be used to analyze the resistance of hardware implementations of cryptographic functions to both timing and power attacks.
Bis(μ-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylato-κ2 O 1:O 8)bis[aquabis(N,N′-dimethylformamide-κO)copper(II)]

In the centrosymmetric dinuclear title complex, [Cu2(C12H6O4)2(C3H7NO)4(H2O)2], the coordination environment of each Cu(II) atom displays a distorted CuO5 square-pyramidal geometry, which is formed by two carboxylate O atoms of two μ-1,8-nap ligands (1,8-nap is naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylate), two O atoms of two DMF (DMF is N,N′-dimethylformamide) and one coordinated water molecule. The Cu—O distances involving the four O atoms in the square plane are in the range 1.9501 (11)–1.9677 (11) Å, with the Cu atom lying nearly in the plane [deviation = 0.0726 (2) Å]. The axial O atom occupies the peak position with a Cu—O distance of 2.885 (12) Å, which is significantly longer than the rest of the Cu—O distances. Each 1,8-nap ligand acts as bridge, linking two CuII atoms into a dinuclear structure. Intermolecular O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions consolidate the structure.
Network game design: hints and implications of player interaction

While psychologists analyze network game-playing behavior in terms of players' social interaction and experience, understanding user behavior is equally important to network researchers, because how users act determines how well network systems, such as online games, perform. To gain a better understanding of patterns of player interaction and their implications for game design, we analyze a 1, 356-million-packet trace of ShenZhou Online, a mid-sized commercial MMORPG. This work is dedicated to draw out hints and implications of player interaction patterns, which is inferred from network-level traces, for online games. We find that the dispersion of players in a virtual world is heavy-tailed, which implies that static and fixed-size partitioning of game worlds is inadequate. Neighbors and teammates tend to be closer to each other in network topology. This property is an advantage, because message delivery between the hosts of interacting players can be faster than between those of unrelated players. In addition, the property can make game playing fairer, since interacting players tend to have similar latencies to their servers. We also find that participants who have a higher degree of social interaction tend to play much longer, and players who are closer in network topology tend to team up for longer periods. This suggests that game designers could increase the "stickiness" of games by encouraging, or even forcing, team playing.
Randomized robot navigation algorithms

We consider the problem faced by a mobile robot that has to reach a given target by traveling through an unmapped region in the plane containing oriented rectangular obstacles. We assume the robot has no prior knowledge about the positions or sizes of the obstacles, and acquires such knowledge only when obstacles are encountered. Our goal is to minimize the distance the robot must travel, using the competitive ratio as our measure. We give a new randomized algorithm for this prob lem whose competitive ratio is O(n6 logn), beating the deterministic st(,/$ lower bound of [PY], and answering in the affirmative an open question of [BRS] (which presented an optimal deterministic algorithm). We believe the techniques introduced here may prove useful in other on-line situations in which information gathering is part of the on-line process.
Local neurotrophic repression of gene transcripts encoding fetal AChRs at rat neuromuscular synapses

The spatio-temporal expression patterns of mRNA transcripts coding for acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunits and myogenic factors were measured in denervated rat soleus muscle and in soleus muscle chronically paralyzed for up to 12 d by conduction block of the sciatic nerve by tetrodotoxin (TTX). In denervated muscle the AChR alpha-, beta- , gamma-, and delta-subunit mRNAs were elevated with highest expression levels in the former synaptic and the perisynaptic region and with lower levels in the extrasynaptic fiber segments. In muscle paralyzed by nerve conduction block the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-subunit mRNA levels increased only in extrasynaptic fiber segments. Surprisingly, in the synaptic region the gamma-subunit mRNA that specifies the fetal-type AChR, and alpha-, beta-, delta-subunit mRNAs were not elevated. The expression of the gene encoding the epsilon- subunit, which specifies the adult-type AChR, was always restricted to synaptic nuclei. The mRNA for the regulatory factor myogenin showed after denervation similar changes as the subunit transcripts of the fetal AChR. When the muscle was paralyzed by nerve conduction block the increase of myogenin transcripts was also less pronounced in synaptic regions compared to extrasynaptic fiber segments. The results suggest that in normal soleus muscle a neurotrophic signal from the nerve locally down-regulates the expression of fetal-type AChR channel in the synaptic and perisynaptic muscle membrane by inhibiting the expression of the gamma-subunit gene and that inhibition of the myogenin gene expression may contribute to this down-regulation.