Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
(Re)imagining the Indian (inter)national economy

The economic dimension of social life has been an important element in the construction of a variety of national narratives. The national economy is frequently seen as ‘a material base for the spiritual pursuits of the nation’. Benedict Anderson’s exploration of the nation as an ‘imagined community’ overlooked the importance of economic themes in the depiction of national identity. This oversight has been made good by a number of writers who have fleshed out the idea of an ‘imagined economy’. Economic themes were especially prominent in expressions of anti-colonial nationalism. The case of the swadeshi protests against British cotton goods imported into India in the early twentieth century was a striking example of the link made between production, consumption and national identity. Satish Deshpande argues that ‘the economy is an important, perhaps even the primary, source of raw material for the nationalist imagination in India’. George Crane argues that economic themes have been a central part of nationalist rhetoric in China. He also argues that, contrary to expectations, economic nationalism, in its rhetorical form at least, adapts remarkably well to the supposedly hostile environment of economic globalisation, commenting that ‘the economic aspect of national identity creates an opening for the intermingling of global and national economic symbolism’. However, contradictory arguments have been articulated. In 1993 Deshpande argued that the externally oriented reforms pursued by the Congress-led Government of India following the 1991 economic crisis ‘in effect evacuate[d] the economy as a resource for imagining the nation’. In a more recent culturalist interpretation Angus Cameron and Ronen Palan argue that most narratives of globalisation depict the national economy as a passing phase in the transition to a global economy. They also argue that the ‘transformation of the state takes place through the deterritorialisation and denationalisation of myths of identity and belonging particular to the nation-state of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries’. In what follows I argue for a more nuanced position. Using the case of India, I argue that the ‘myths of identity and belonging’ so important to the nation-state are being re-narrated and not abandoned. These new myths certainly have an international orientation, and they are not without problems and contradictions, but they are certainly not deterritorialised or denationalised. New Political Economy, Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2005
Institutional Changes in Turkmenistan's Agriculture: Impacts on Productivity and Rural Incomes

Two agricultural economists examine the impact of a series of institutional changes during the 1990s on patterns of land ownership, farm income, crop specialization, and overall agricultural output in Turkmenistan. More specifically, the changes investigated entail the distribution of state-held irrigated land to private plots in 1990-1992, allocation of land to independent private farmers in 1993-1996, and the conversion of collective and state farms to associations of private leaseholders in 1996-1997. The study is based on official government statistics and the authors' survey of private farmers (2001) and leaseholders in peasant associations (2002). Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: Q15, Q18, Q24. 6 figures, 4 tables, 10 references.
Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from Children with Influenza‐Like Symptoms in Japan

The prevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test in 55 paired sera (acute and convalescent phases) of school children who had influenza‐like symptoms. Of the convalescent serum samples examined, 18 (32.7%) sera reacted positively to phase II antigen of C. burnetii. Coxiella‐like organism was isolated from the sera of 13 children after injection of the 18 acute phase sera into mice. The organism was identified as C. burnetii by Giemsa staining and the IF antigen test of mouse spleen smears, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, electron microscopic observations of the mouse spleen cells, and the IF antibody test of mouse sera. This is the first report of isolation of C. burnetii from serum specimens of children having influenza‐like symptoms. The evidence that C. burnetii was isolated from people indigenous to Japan at a considerably high incidence suggested that C. burnetii may be widespread as a cause of influenza‐like symptoms in Japan.
Demand For International Reserves in ASEAN-5 Economies

The ASEAN-5 economies were observed to increase their demand for international reserves after the 1997 Asian financial crisis. This was coincided with their consistent current account surplus during the same period. Thus, this study attempts to investigate the existence of long-run relationship between reserve demand and current account for the period of 1997-2005. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test approach as proposed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001) was employed, and the empirical results revealed that current account surplus leads to the rise in the demand for international reserves in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna Using a Via-Hole Above the Slot

A novel technique for the bandwidth enhancement of a cavity-backed slot antenna is presented. A via-hole located above the slot creates an additional resonance at a higher frequency by shortening the effective length of the slot. The location of the via-hole can be changed to determine the second resonance frequency of the antenna. With proper placement of the via-hole, the bandwidth of cavity-backed slot antenna can be increased. The fabricated antenna has a 60% wider bandwidth than a cavity-backed slot antenna without a via-hole. The proposed antenna maintains high radiation efficiency and gain, which are characteristics of a conventional cavity-backed slot antenna. The proposed technique is especially useful for enhancing the bandwidth of a cavity-backed slot antenna in a limited area.
Generation of improved human cerebral organoids from single copy DYRK1A knockout induced pluripotent stem cells in trisomy 21: hypothetical solutions for neurodevelopmental models and therapeutic alternatives in down syndrome

Dual‐specificity thyrosine phosphorylation‐regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is a strong therapeutic target to ameliorate cognitive functions of Down Syndrome (DS). Genetic normalization of Dyrk1a is sufficient to normalize early cortical developmental phenotypes in DS mouse models. Gyrencephalic human neocortical development is more complex than that in lissencephalic mice; hence, cerebral organoids (COs) can be used to model early neurodevelopmental defects of DS. Single copy DYRK1A knockout COs (scDYRK1AKO‐COs) can be generated from manipulated DS derived (DS‐) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and genetic normalization of DYRK1A is expected to result in corrected neurodevelopmental phenotypes that can be reminiscent of normal COs. DYRK1A knock‐in (DYRK1AKI) COs can be derived after genetic manipulations of normal iPSCs and would be valuable to evaluate impaired neocortical development as can be seen in DS‐COs. DYRK1A mutations cause severe human primary microcephaly; hence, dose optimization studies of DYRK1A inhibitors will be critical for prenatal therapeutic applications in DS. Several doses of DYRK1A inhibitors can be tested in the neurodevelopment process of DS‐COs and DS‐scDYRK1AKO‐COs would be used as optimum models for evaluating phenotypic ameliorations. Overdose drug exposure in DS‐COs can be explained by similar defects present in DS‐baDYRK1AKO‐COs and DYRK1AKO‐COs. There are several limitations in the current CO technology, which can be reduced by the generation of vascularized brain‐like organoids giving opportunities to mimic late‐stage corticogenesis and complete hippocampal development. In the future, improved DS‐DYRK1AKO‐COs can be efficient in studies that aim to generate efficiently transplantable and implantable neurons for tissue regeneration alternatives in DS individuals.
Mountain bike tourism and community development In British Columbia: critical success factors for the future

Mountain bike tourism may provide significant benefit to communities, as shown by economic impacts of $38 (CDN) million realized in the Sea-to-Sky Corridor region of British Columbia, Canada in 2006. This achievement was realized due to regional stakeholder collaboration and community mountain bike trail planning dating back to the early 1990s. Despite the value and recent growth in mountain bike tourism, formal research into community mountain bike tourism development is still in its infancy. To explore the critical success factors necessary to build sustainable tourism capacity for the development of mountain bike tourism, a modified Delphi method was utilized to query industry experts in this empirical study. A literature review, followed by online surveys of selected experts, led to the creation of a framework for community-based mountain bike tourism development to support sustainable community mountain bike tourism strategies. This framework may be beneficial to clusters of tourism stakeholders for mapping-out long-term objectives and to achieve planning and operational efficacy. Utilization of the framework may also assist stakeholders to more effectively execute a successful community-based mountain bike tourism development strategy while assisting future researchers to delve further into an analysis of the role of critical success factors.
Audit Report in Payment Default Prediction: A Contingency Approach

This study analyzes the contribution of audit reports on default prediction. It is proposed that modification of an audit report contributes additional information on financial variables and moderates information given by these variables in payment default predictions. However, the effect of audit report modification on non-financial variable information is assumed to depend on the set of selected predictors. The effect of audit information is evaluated in an estimation sample of 1,062 default and 1,162 non-default Finnish firms. Test data from 420 default and 48,166 non-default firms are used to validate the classification results. The default prediction models are estimated by logistic regression analysis. Empirical evidence supports expectations on the additive and moderating effects of audit report modification on financial information. It also has an effect on non-financial and combined information. Audit information only marginally improves classification accuracy of the financial information model. However, it significantly improves that of a non-financial information model.
Investment Opportunity Sets, Operating Uncertainty, and Capital Market Pressure: Determinants of Investments in Tax Shelter Activities?

ABSTRACT: Prior research documents substantial variation in firms' tax avoidance activities and questions why some firms choose not to take advantage of the apparent benefits of tax planning (i.e., the “undersheltering puzzle”). We provide additional insight into the undersheltering puzzle by investigating the decision to invest in a tax shelter from the perspective of a firm's overall investment strategy. We examine whether three factors associated with traditional investment behavior (firms' investment opportunity sets, operating uncertainty, and capital market pressure) are also associated with investments in tax shelter activities. Our results suggest that firms with large investment opportunity sets and higher operating uncertainty are less likely to invest in tax shelters. We also find that firms with greater capital market pressure are more likely to invest in tax sheltering activities. Overall, we find that factors that influence firms' investment behavior help to explain why more firms do not inv.
Draft Genome Sequence of Burkholderia pyrrocinia Lyc2, a Biological Control Strain That Can Suppress Multiple Plant Microbial Pathogens

ABSTRACT Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain Lyc2 was isolated from the tobacco rhizosphere in China. This bacterium exhibits a remarkable capacity to inhibit the growth of multiple pathogens and shows strong suppression of cotton seedling damping-off. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain Lyc2.
Topical delivery of ocular therapeutics: carrier systems and physical methods

The basic concepts, major mechanisms, technological developments and advantages of the topical application of lipid‐based systems (microemulsions, nanoemulsions, liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles), polymeric systems (hydrogels, contact lenses, polymeric nanoparticles and dendrimers) and physical methods (iontophoresis and sonophoresis) will be reviewed.
Learning healthy habits with a mobile self-intervention

Health interventions aim to influence behavior by creating healthy habits that substitute existing unhealthy ones. Habits are often deeply ingrained but also easily disrupted in new situations. This makes the changing of habits a life-long learning and adaptation process rather than a one-time task with limited duration. Therefore, modern understanding of learning may be applied in designing effective and sustainable health interventions. We have designed the "Mindless Change" mobile intervention based on a framework of modern learning theories. The self-intervention guides the user in a habit formation through small daily changes, supported by a user selectable simple cartoon type of avatar with varied dialogue. We conducted a four-week pilot study with 66 participants to assess the feasibility of our intervention and especially the contribution of the avatar. Users found the self-intervention intuitive and easy to use but the attrition remained a challenge in this open pilot where participants were not provided any external motivation, support or incentives to start and continue using the service. The results suggest that even a simple non-anthropomorphic support avatar can be beneficial for the health intervention, which encourages us to investigate the concept further.
Personnel Implications of Public Sector Virtual Organizations

This investigation explores the operational nature of virtual teams in the federal sector. As more federal agencies allow employees to work from home, there is an increasing problem with office staffing and organizational effectiveness. Utilizing the Department of Energy (DOE) employees as virtual participants, the investigation uses the triangulation method approach for data collection. The primary goal is to explore human resource issues as they relate to virtual organizations. The significant findings include the following: (a) organizational selection practices should incorporate methods to identify the behavioral attributes and (b) characteristics associated with effective virtual team performance should be identified, and (c) organizations should celebrate accomplishments to help promote group cohesiveness. The paper concludes with a discussion, highlighting strategic implications for researchers and practitioners. This effort contributes to further exploration into the application of virtual teams in the government sector.
Prevalence of naturally occurring surface antigen variants of hepatitis B virus in Korean patients infected chronically

Although Korea is one of the endemic areas of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the prevalence of naturally occurring variants in the major hydrophilic region (MHR) of the surface (S) gene of HBV has not been determined. In the present study, the prevalence of these variants was examined in terms of the clinical state, and HBeAg serostatus in a large series of Korean patients with chronic HBV infection by direct sequencing analysis of part of the S gene containing the MHR of HBV isolated from 101 chronic HBV patients (51 HBeAg‐positive and 50 HBeAg‐negative): 37 were asymptomatic carriers, 21 had chronic hepatitis, 20 had liver cirrhosis, and 23 had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Forty‐seven MHR variants (46.5%) of the 101 patients were detected, involving a total of 59 amino acid substitutions at 12 positions inside and 14 position outside the ‘a’ determinant, and 33 ‘a’ determinant variants (32.7%). A total of 17 novel variants and 14 novel mutation patterns were detected. The prevalence of MHR variants in HBeAg‐negative patients tended to be higher than in HBeAg‐positive patients (54.0% vs.39.2%) and the prevalence of MHR variants in HCC and liver cirrhosis tended to be higher than in asymptomatic carriers (65.2% vs. 40.5% and 50.0% vs. 40.5%, respectively). In conclusion, three important findings were found in the present study. First, an unexpectedly high prevalence of naturally occurring MHR variants was found in Korean chronic patients. Second, several novel variants associated with mutations outside the ‘a’ determinant were detected. Finally, a higher prevalence of MHR variants was associated with HBeAg‐negative serostatus and severe liver disease, particularly HCC. J. Med. Virol. 76:194–202, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Corporate Environmental Reporting: An Emerging Issue in the Corporate World

Corporate environmental reporting becomes a crucial issue in today’s corporate reporting. The present status and future focus gives every indication that it is going to capture a permanent position in the bundle of general-purpose financial statement. Because, the corporate reporting is for the stakeholders and every stakeholders show a keen interest on such disclosure. Protecting the environment is the social responsibility and commitment of corporations towards the society. It is believed that corporation is responsible for the environmental crisis and so they should pay for this (cost-benefit trade off). However, reporting is mostly guided by standards, guidelines etc. And, we do not have any standards designed for such disclosure. So, such reporting is still voluntary that has no specific format and style. Voluntary disclosure often leads to non-disclosure and mandatory disclosure leads to minimal disclosure. Thus, environmental disclosure should have both type of orientation, as it is a question of life and sustainability. The paper gives a conceptual discussion on corporate environmental reporting and guidelines. It also gives a literature review of current reporting practices to highlights the developments till date. And, this concludes that the level, extent and style of disclosure are not satisfactory at all in any respect. The professionals and respective regulatory authorities should come forward with stricter standards and guidelines to this issue that is the demand of time.
Stochastic Volatility With an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process: An Extension

In this paper, we reexamine and extend the stochastic volatility model of Stein and Stein (S&S) (1991) where volatility follows a mean–reverting Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Using Fourier inversion techniques we are able to allow for correlation between instantaneous volatilities and the underlying stock returns. A closed-form pricing solution for European options is derived and some numerical examples are given. In addition, we discuss the boundary behaviour of the instantaneous volatility at v(t) = 0 and show that S&S do not work with an absolute value process of volatility. JEL Classification: G13
Market Orientation in Vertical Business Networks

Abstract This research addresses three questions: (1) Why are some business network firms more market orientated than others? (2) What effect does the environmental uncertainty have on the network performance impact of market orientation activities performed by a network firm? (3) Does network embeddedness influence the effectiveness of a firm's market orientation activities? The findings from a study on a vertical grocery network suggest that the performance impact of market orientation activities depends on the network identity of the network firm. Network embeddedness of a network firm is found to enhance this performance link. Finally, uncertain market environments favor down-stream allocation of market orientation activities in our sample.
Statistical Analysis and Optimal Design for Efficient Mobile Satellite Broadcast With Diversity

The design of mobile satellite broadcast architectures requires complex tradeoffs involving technical, economical, and regulatory aspects. A satisfactory quality of service in terms of the number of receivers successfully receiving the broadcasted services can be ensured using space, terrestrial, and time diversity techniques. The amount of applied diversity affects the system's spectral efficiency and performance. In addition, dedicated satellite and terrestrial networks represent significant investments, and regulatory limitations on terrestrial deployment may further complicate the system design. Herein, we provide insights into the technical aspects of the aforementioned tradeoffs by deriving an efficient method to estimate what system resources in terms of spectrum and delay are required to provide a satisfactory number of end users with mobile broadcast services using space, terrestrial, and time diversity techniques. The presented results are based on statistical models of the mobile satellite channel for which efficient analytical design and error rate estimation methods are derived. To provide a coded space and time diversity, a generalized approach is taken that includes most transmission schemes in use, or considered for use, for mobile satellite broadcast as special cases. As a side result, it is shown that for optimal error rate performance, the provided time diversity should be designed by taking into account channel statistics. An efficient yet simple method of enumerating time-varying Markov chains is also included. The proposed techniques and results are illustrated with numerical examples using temporal Ku-band channel statistics. The examples include a wide range of possible transmission schemes in system configurations with and without space and terrestrial diversity and, thus, demonstrate how different transmission schemes and infrastructure configurations can be compared.
Applying instruments for regional innovation – generating projects or legitimacy?

Legitimacy has been a marginal topic in regional innovation literature. This paper aims to describe a regional innovation initiative in institutionalist legitimacy terms, show how this leads to a diagnosis of the situation and show how this diagnosis opens for designing better targeted interventions. Taking such a legitimacy perspective opens new trajectories for research. The present study also suggests that applying a legitimacy perspective opens up for normative issues regarding wider participation in regional innovation programmes. This paper will be of particular value for researchers and practitioners working in the field of regional innovation and network development, but also for those with a special interest in institutional theory.