Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wide-band microwave bandpass ring filter

This paper presents a wide-band 2nd order bandpass filter based on a dual-mode ring resonator. A slot ring is constructed in the ground plane and coupled to quarter-wavelength microstrip feedlines. This way, the coupling gap between the ring resonator and the quarter-wavelength lines can be reduced to the value of the substrate thickness. Thus, the coupling of the resonator can be improved and the bandwidth of the filter is increased. Simulation and measurement results are proposed throughout the paper to illustrate the concept and to validate the idea.
Demographic context in web search re-ranking

In this paper we study usefulness of user's demographical context for improving ranking of ambiguous queries. Context-aware relevance model is learnt from implicit user behaviour by using a simple yet general modification of a state-of-art click model which is capable to catch dependences from the search context. After that the machine learned click model is used in an offline re-ranking experiment and it is demonstrated that the demographical context ranking features provide improvements in ranking quality. Further, we perform a study to investigate the impact of different facets of demographical features (gender, age, and income) on search ranking performance and manually analyse queries which exhibit strong context dependences to get an additional understanding of the model behaviour.
Cold atmospheric helium plasma jet in humid air environment

Cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) is one of the latest and most promising techniques for potential cancer treatment and other biomedical applications. Due to the direct contact of air, the jet is sensitive to the parameters of the local environment such as relative humidity (RH). In a RH controlled chamber, the electron density of a helium CAPJ is measured using the Rayleigh microwave scattering method, and its optical emission spectroscopy (OES) is recorded using a spectrometer. A decreasing electron density along with the increasing RH is thus revealed, while the humidity effect on OES at a high discharge voltage is increased. These trends imply a shift of electron energy distribution function (EEDF) due to extra attachments of electrons as the physics behind such a phenomenon. This hypothesis is supported by a computation of the mean electron temperature and EEDF based on the electron density we measured and a plasma chemistry model. Therefore, this report is a basis of future CAPJ stabilization development, which is a necessity of reliable biomedical applications, such as an active control loop to make CAPJ immune to any accident environmental disturbance during a plasma-based cancer surgery.Cold atmospheric plasma jet (CAPJ) is one of the latest and most promising techniques for potential cancer treatment and other biomedical applications. Due to the direct contact of air, the jet is sensitive to the parameters of the local environment such as relative humidity (RH). In a RH controlled chamber, the electron density of a helium CAPJ is measured using the Rayleigh microwave scattering method, and its optical emission spectroscopy (OES) is recorded using a spectrometer. A decreasing electron density along with the increasing RH is thus revealed, while the humidity effect on OES at a high discharge voltage is increased. These trends imply a shift of electron energy distribution function (EEDF) due to extra attachments of electrons as the physics behind such a phenomenon. This hypothesis is supported by a computation of the mean electron temperature and EEDF based on the electron density we measure.
Minimizing clock domain crossing in Network on Chip interconnect

Network-on-Chip (NoC) architectures have been widely adopted as the preferred solution to the communication challenges of System-on-Chip (SoC) design in the nanoscale regime. SoC designs often incorporate custom NoC architectures that do not conform to regular topologies. This requires the generation of a power and resource efficient interconnection architecture that can support the communication requirements for the SoC with the desired performance. Hence automated topology generation tools optimize for mutiple objectives like power and area to synthesize a NoC topology that meets these communication constraints. Clock-Domain-Crossings (CDCs) is an important consideration in fabric design that gets ignored in existing topology tools. CDCs add to latency and area, while also increasing verification and implementation effort. In this paper we propose a method to model and optimize the clock-domain-crossings (CDC) during NoC topology generation and prove that the underlying problem is NP-hard. We present and compare multiple approaches to model the CDC cost, including a novel fast heuristic. When applied within an existing topology generation tool our approach results in a 5%-39% reduction in flop count of the resulting interconnect while still satisfying the original communication/performance constraints.
Neuromorphic vision: From sensors to event‐based algorithms

Regardless of the marvels brought by the conventional frame‐based cameras, they have significant drawbacks due to their redundancy in data and temporal latency. This causes problem in applications where low‐latency transmission and high‐speed processing are mandatory. Proceeding along this line of thought, the neurobiological principles of the biological retina have been adapted to accomplish data sparsity and high dynamic range at the pixel level. These bio‐inspired neuromorphic vision sensors alleviate the more serious bottleneck of data redundancy by responding to changes in illumination rather than to illumination itself. This paper reviews in brief one such representative of neuromorphic sensors, the activity‐driven event‐based vision sensor, which mimics human eyes. Spatio‐temporal encoding of event data permits incorporation of time correlation in addition to spatial correlation in vision processing, which enables more robustness. Henceforth, the conventional vision algorithms have to be reformulated to adapt to this new generation vision sensor data. It involves design of algorithms for sparse, asynchronous, and accurately timed information. Theories and new researches have begun emerging recently in the domain of event‐based vision. The necessity to compile the vision research carried out in this sensor domain has turned out to be considerably more essential. Towards this, this paper reviews the state‐of‐the‐art event‐based vision algorithms by categorizing them into three major vision applications, object detection/recognition, object tracking, localization and mapping.
Analysis of Glutathione-Dependent Enzyme Activities in two Different Rat Hepatomas and in Normal Liver in Relation to their Role in Resistance to Oxidative Stress

The importance of some glutathione metabolic pathways was examined in two highly dedifferentiated hepatomas, Yoshida AH-130 and Morris 3924 A hepatomas, and in normal liver in relation to their role against oxidative stress. The cytosol prepared from Yoshida hepatoma cells decreased the peroxidation rate in normal liver microsomes and mitochondria, but this antioxidant property was not displayed by Morris hepatoma. Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferases activities were extremely low in both hepatomas; glutathione reductase activity values were about half the normal liver values. The large decrease in glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferases suggests that in these two tumors only small amounts of GSH can be used in reduction or conjugation reactions, such as the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides or the conjugation of GSH with the end products of lipoperoxidation, aldehydes or ketones. The hypothesis of a more efficient GSSG reduction in hepatomas, due to the low glutathione peroxidase/glutathione reductase activity ratio, is also discussed. The described changes in glutathione related enzymes do not seem to have any correlation with the protective effect against the lipoperoxidative processes displayed by some tumors since these enzymatic activities were similar in both hepatomas whereas only Yoshida hepatoma showed antioxidant properties.
Can an evidence-based book club intervention delivered via a tablet computer improve physical activity in middle-aged women?

BACKGROUND Fewer than 50% of middle-aged women participate in regular physical activity (PA). Innovative approaches that engage women who may not otherwise participate in PA programs are warranted. The purpose of this study was to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a 12-week tablet-based book club for improving middle-aged women's PA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty women (35-64 years of age) were randomized to the Fit Minded Tablet (n=15) and the Standard Fit Minded (i.e., face-to-face intervention) (n=15) groups. The Fit Minded Tablet was adapted from the Standard Fit Minded, a previously tested, theory-based book club intervention using books as a platform for discussion and group support to help women adopt regular PA. Both interventions met weekly for 3 months, for a total of 12 sessions. Tablet group participants accessed materials (e.g., e-books, workbook, live/recorded videoconferencing) via a tablet computer; Standard group participants received materials (e.g., printed books, workbook, live face-to-face meetings) in person. Feasibility (i.e., implementation and expansion) was assessed using process evaluation, qualitative interviews, satisfaction surveys, and quantitative outcome assessments. RESULTS Women in the Tablet group attended fewer meetings (mean, 8.25) than women in the Standard group (mean, 9.9). Videoconferencing, digital literacy, and participant engagement limitations were observed in the Tablet group. Tablet participants enjoyed the e-books but thought technology barriers hindered their engagement during meetings. Women in both groups valued the support they received from other group members. Standard participants cited this support as a key contributor to their PA changes, whereas Tablet participants reported needing in-person contact to feel more connected. CONCLUSIONS Given the popularity of tablet computers and the value that middle-aged women place on group interaction to support their PA behaviors, additional research is warranted to determine best strategies for optimizing social support, mitigating technology barriers, and improving engagement in online and mobile health promotion programs targeting middle-aged women.
Network Structure for Control of Coupled Multiple Nonlinear Oscillators

In recent research, the morphological effect is widely discussed from walking to the Internet, and its mechanism for generating the functionality has been discovered. In this paper, a module that employs the structural effect for controlling behavior is constructed using coupled nonuniform van der Pol oscillators. We first examine the synchrony of two types of oscillators focusing on number; then, an oscillator module that changes its synchrony from structural disposition is constructed. Oscillators are mutually arranged on a ring-shaped network, and an additional connection is used for transformation. The stability of this system is also discussed, and finally, the procedure for designing this structure-sensitive module using more than three types of oscillators is described.
Stateful Firewalling for Wireless Mesh Networks

Firewalls have been traditionally used to apply filtering policies in wired networks, to divide zones with different level of trust. In wireless distributed networks, such as mesh networks for service delivery, firewalling is a valuable instrument to control the behavior of the clients and avoid certain attacks, such as DoS attacks coming from the inside of the network. In previous works we have outlined the possibility of applying stateless firewalling to distributed mesh networks using Bloom filters. In this paper we will expand this model to perform stateful firewalling in mesh networks, that will allow a more fine-grained control over the traffic passing over the network. Preliminary experimental results are also provided.
Direct Electron Microscopy Study on the Morphological Diversity of Bacteriophage Populations in Lake Plußsee

Direct electron microscopy of bacteriophages adsorbed to a carbon film without prior enrichment by specific host strains or concentration by physical or chemical methods was used to study the morphological diversity of natural bacteriophage assemblages in a North German lake. All samples contained a mixture of morphologically different tailed viruses, which were regarded as bacteriophages. Most of them had isometric heads and long noncontractile tails, belonging to morphotype B1 (Siphoviridae). In addition, members of morphotypes A1 (Myoviridae), B2 (Siphoviridae with elongated heads), and C1 (Podoviridae) were present in lower numbers. Only one cubic virus was detected, while no filamentous or pleomorphic phages were found. Up to 11 different phages per sample, and a total of 39 phages when all samples were considered together, could be distinguished by morphological criteria. The total number of phages was estimated to be on the order of 108/ml.
Identifying Regional Trends in Avatar Customization

Since virtual identities such as social media profiles and avatars have become a common venue for self-expression, it has become important to consider the ways in which existing systems embed the values of their designers. In order to design virtual identity systems that reflect the needs and preferences of diverse users, understanding how the virtual identity construction differs between groups is important. This paper presents a new methodology that leverages deep learning and differential clustering for comparative analysis of profile images, with a case study of almost 100 000 avatars from a large online community using a popular avatar creation platform. We use novelty discovery to segment the avatars, then cluster avatars by region to identify visual trends among low- and high-novelty avatars. We find that avatar customization correlates with increased social activity, and we are able to identify distinct visual trends among the U.S.-region and Japan-region profiles. Among these trends, realistic, idealistic, and creative self-representation can be distinguished. We observe that the realistic self-expression mirrors regional demographics, idealistic self-expression reflects shared mass-media tropes, and creative self-expression propagates within the communities.
Evaluating the relative importance of northern African mineral dust sources using remote sensing

Abstract. Northern African mineral dust provides the Amazon Basin with essential nutrients during the boreal winter months, when the trajectory of the Saharan dust plume is towards South America. This process, however, is still poorly understood. There is little knowledge of where the dust is coming from, and, thus, little information regarding the concentration of nutrients in the dust. This information is vital to assess the impact it will have on the Amazon. In order to further our understanding of the problem, this study analyses northern African dust sources of the boreal winter dust seasons between the years 2015 and 2017. It utilises high spatio-temporal resolution remote sensing data from SEVIRI, MODIS, VIIRS, and Sentinel-2 to identify dust sources, classify them according to a geomorphic dust source scheme, and quantify the relative importance of source regions by calculating the total dust mass they produce. Results indicate that palaeolakes emit the most dust, with the Bodélé Depression as the single largest dust source region. However, alluvial deposits also produce a substantial amount of dust. During the boreal winter dust seasons of 2015–2017, ∼36 % of the total dust mass emitted from northern Africa was associated with alluvial deposits, yet this geomorphic category has been relatively understudied to date. Furthermore, sand deposits were found to produce relatively little dust, in contrast to the results of other recent studies.
Upconversion Luminescence Sensitized pH-Nanoprobes

Photon upconversion materials, featuring excellent photophysical properties, are promising for bio-medical research due to their low autofluorescence, non-cytotoxicity, low photobleaching and high photostability. Upconversion based pH-nanoprobes are attracting considerable interest due to their superiority over pH-sensitive molecular indicators and metal nanoparticles. Herein, we review the advances in upconversion based pH-nanoprobes, the first time in the seven years since their discovery in 2009. With a brief discussion on the upconversion materials and upconversion processes, the progress in this field has been overviewed, along with the toxicity and biodistribution of upconversion materials for intracellular application. We strongly believe that this survey will encourage the further pursuit of intense research for designing molecular pH-sensors.
Neurotoxic regimen of methamphetamine produces evidence of behavioral sensitization in the rat

A neurotoxic regimen of methamphetamine (MA) produces long‐term depletions in neostriatal dopamine and serotonin concentrations. In addition to evidence of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotoxicity, there is evidence of MA‐induced behavioral changes. In this regard, stereotypic behavior elicited by MA is greater in rats treated previously with a neurotoxic regimen of MA than in control animals. The present study was designed to determine whether the enhanced stereotypy observed in MA‐treated rats is due to the MA‐induced loss of dopamine (neurotoxicity) or to the repeated exposure to MA (sensitization). Rats were treated with MA (10 mg/kg every 2 h for four injections) or vehicle at either a normal (24°C) room temperature or a cold (4°C) room temperature, which has been shown to attenuate the MA‐induced loss of dopamine. Stereotypy was assessed 7 days after treatment. Rats that had received a neurotoxic regimen of MA at 24°C exhibited 49% and 45% reductions in neostriatal dopamine and serotonin concentrations, respectively, whereas rats treated with MA at 4°C had no significant neurochemical depletions. Stereotypy elicited by MA (5.0 mg/kg) was significantly greater in rats treated with a neurotoxic regimen of MA regardless of the initial treatment temperature. In addition, an injection of apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg) elicited an enhanced stereotypic response in MA‐treated rats. These data suggest that the augmented stereotypic behavior observed in rats treated with a neurotoxic regimen of MA is not due to the loss of dopamine, but rather the manifestation of behavioral sensitization, possibly due to an increase in dopamine receptor sensitivity. Synapse 39:1–7, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Machine Learned Resume-Job Matching Solution

Job search through online matching engines nowadays are very prominent and beneficial to both job seekers and employers. But the solutions of traditional engines without understanding the semantic meanings of different resumes have not kept pace with the incredible changes in machine learning techniques and computing capability. These solutions are usually driven by manual rules and predefined weights of keywords which lead to an inefficient and frustrating search experience. To this end, we present a machine learned solution with rich features and deep learning methods. Our solution includes three configurable modules that can be plugged with little restrictions. Namely, unsupervised feature extraction, base classifiers training and ensemble method learning. In our solution, rather than using manual rules, machine learned methods to automatically detect the semantic similarity of positions are proposed. Then four competitive "shallow" estimators and "deep" estimators are selected. Finally, ensemble methods to bag these estimators and aggregate their individual predictions to form a final prediction are verified. Experimental results of over 47 thousand resumes show that our solution can significantly improve the predication precision current position, salary, educational background and company scale.
Impulse radio: how it works

Impulse radio, a form of ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) spread-spectrum signaling, has properties that make it a viable candidate for short-range communications in dense multipath environments. This paper describes the characteristics of impulse radio using a modulation format that can be supported by currently available impulse signal technology and gives analytical estimates of its multiple-access capability under ideal multiple-access channel conditions.
Determination of cation exchange capacity of natural zeolite: a revisit

Natural zeolite has been widely used as an ion exchanger since the 1950s. The purpose of this study was to quantify the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of natural zeolite from different locations (Bayah and Cikembar in West Java, Indonesia) based on particle sizes of 0.15 and 0.079 mm, using different displacement solutions of 0.5M cesium chloride (CsCl) and 0.5 M potassium chloride (KCl). Higher CEC was observed in Cikembar100 compared to Bayah100 due to its higher surface area (31%) and total pore volume (11%) compared to Bayah100. Cikembar100 had 11% higher clinoptilolite mineral content compared to Bayah 100. The low CEC measured for Bayah100 and Bayah200 may be due to the lower percentage purity of the clinoptilolite mineral content in those samples. The natural zeolite samples displaced with 0.5M CsCl had 6% higher CEC compared to 0.5M KCl, which means that Cs+ had more strength compared to K+ in displacing NH4+ into the solution from the nanocavity site of the zeolitic framework into the solution. In both displacement solutions (0.5M CsCl and KCl), Cikembar100 had 10% more net negative charge compared to Bayah100 due to its isomorphous substitution properties in natural zeolite. Isomorphous substitution in natural zeolite affects its negative charge and the capacity to retain NH4+ in the zeolitic framework, thus increasing its CEC and making natural zeolite with the particle size of 0.079 mm (Cikembar100) a promising material for cation removal, particularly Cs from aqueous solution.
Bounded repairability for regular tree languages

We consider the problem of repairing unranked trees (e.g., XML documents) satisfying a given restriction specification R (e.g., a DTD) into unranked trees satisfying a given target specification T. Specifically, we focus on the question of whether one can get from any tree in a regular language R to some tree in another regular language T with a finite, uniformly bounded, number of edit operations (i.e., deletions and insertions of nodes). We give effective characterizations of the pairs of specifications R and T for which such a uniform bound exists, and we study the complexity of the problem under different representations of the regular tree languages (e.g., non-deterministic stepwise automata, deterministic stepwise automata, DTDs). Finally, we point out some connections with the analogous problem for regular languages of words, which was previously studied in [6].