Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Research of Resource Scheduling Strategy for Cloud Computing Based on Pareto Optimality M×N Production Model

As a new computing pattern for commercial application, Cloud computing makes the aggregation, selection, and sharing of geographically distributed heterogeneous resources possible to solve various of tasks including finance, engineering, science, and no matter how big the scale of those tasks are. However, it is problematic that the geographic distributed resources owned by different institutions with their different price models, usage policies and changing load. The resource providers and resource consumers have different objects, strategies, and requirement. Meanwhile, the availability of resources and the load on them dynamically varies with time. Hence, resource management in Clouds is a complicated task. An economic-based method is presented to allocate Cloud resources, which is based on Pareto optimality theory and realizes the optimal allocation of Cloud resources. And this method can largely avoid a waste of resources and achieve equilibrium between maximizing resource providers' incomes and minimizing consumers' paying. This paper describes a Cloud bank model that depends on market mechanism to understand deeply Pareto optimality.
The Multivariate alpha-mu Distribution

In this paper, a new infinite series representation for the multivariate alpha-mu joint probability density function is derived allowing for an arbitrary correlation matrix and non-identically distributed variates. The formulation is general and exact and comprises all of the other joint densities that arise from alpha-mu distribution published in the literature.
Non-commercial Research and Educational Use including without Limitation Use in Instruction at Your Institution, Sending It to Specific Colleagues That You Know, and Providing a Copy to Your Institution's Administrator. All Other Uses, Reproduction and Distribution, including without Limitation Comm

We present a generalized multichannel amplitude-and-phase coded modulation scheme for differential space–time communications. Our scheme utilizes code matrices consisting of an amplitude and a phase component, which can be thought of as a space–time multichannel generalization of the scalar amplitude and phase shift keying (APSK) constellation. The amplitude component takes a scalar coefficient that controls the total transmission power, while the phase component is a unitary matrix formed from PSK symbols. Both the amplitude and phase components are differentially encoded and admit efficient differential decoding. We show that the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding of the amplitude coefficient and phase matrix is decoupled. Moreover, the phase matrix, when constructed from orthogonal designs, is amenable to decoupled differential decoding of the phase entries, which further simplifies the decoding complexity significantly. Simulation results show that the proposed amplitude–phase differential space–time coded modulation scheme achieves a performance close to its phase-only counterpart, while providing higher spectral efficiency offered by amplitude modulation.
Solution Structure and Backbone Dynamics of the Non-receptor Protein-tyrosine Kinase-6 Src Homology 2 Domain*

Human protein-tyrosine kinase-6 (PTK6, also known as breast tumor kinase (Brk)) is a member of the non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase family and is expressed in two-thirds of all breast tumors. To understand the structural basis of PTK6 function, we have determined the solution structure and backbone dynamics of the PTK6-Src homology 2 (SH2) domain using multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The solution structure clearly indicates that the SH2 domain of human PTK6 contains a consensus α/β-fold and a Tyr(P) peptide binding surface, which are common to other SH2 domains. However, two of the α-helices (αA and αB) are located on opposite faces of the central β-sheet. In addition, the topological arrangement of a central four-stranded antiparallel β-sheet (strands βA, βB, βC, and βD) differs from that of other Src family members. Backbone dynamics and Tyr(P) peptide titration experiments revealed that the putative ligand binding sites of the PTK6-SH2 domain undergo distinctive internal motions when compared with other regions of the protein. Surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that the Tyr(P) peptide had a dissociation constant of about 60 μm, which is substantially weaker binding than previously reported for Src family members. The solution structure together with data from the ligand binding mode of PTK6-SH2 provides insight into the molecular basis of the autoinhibitory role of PTK6.
Passive microwave soil moisture evaluations by ground based measurements in Korea

Passive microwave sensors have many advantages including the ability to directly measured soil moisture at large spatial scales regardless of weather conditions or time of day. However, microwave-sensed soil moisture’s inevitable limitation is that it cannot describe hydrology at the watershed because its retrieved soil moisture scale is too large. Thus, microwave-sensed soil moisture requires validation. Even if there have been great developments for microwave-sensed soil moisture with validation efforts using ground based measurements and land surface models, the validations of the remotely sensed soil moisture in Korea are very limited. This study validated Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer E (AMSR-E) soil moisture productions with ground based measurements at eight sites from rural development administration in Korea. The relationship between AMSR-E soil moisture and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for estimating soil moisture is also investigated. Overall there was a reasonable agreement between the AMSR-E and ground data, but unreliable replication was found in winter season. More intensive validation efforts should be conducted with other AMSR-E soil moisture products with vegetation information. This type of estimation provides the utility of the AMSR-E soil moisture products and MODIS NDVI as an alternative of the ground based measurements and improves soil moisture retrieval algorithms. * Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea – mchoi@hanyang.ac. kr
Ecological immunology: The role of the immune system in psychology and neuroscience.

The immune system and the nervous system are connected in a dynamic network that has important implications for psychology. First, if analyzed in functional terms, the immune system and the nervous system are not distinctly separated: The immune system can take part in neuronal signaling through the production of an array of transmitters and hormones, and brain cells can process and present antigen and produce immune proteins. Moreover, synapses seem to be formed between immune and neural cells in lymphoid tissue. The basis of this phenomenon may be a common evolutionary background of physiological systems that by tradition have been viewed as discrete rather than overlapping. Second, the immune system is actively involved in homeostatic regulation. Signals from immune cells can profoundly change the physiological state of the organism, with changes observed in metabolism, stress axes activity, behavior, motivation and cognition. Many of these changes have probably evolved to ease recuperation. Third, the.
Ohgata, the Single Drosophila Ortholog of Human Cereblon, Regulates Insulin Signaling-dependent Organismic Growth*

Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that is highly conserved in animals and plants. CRBN proteins have been implicated in various biological processes such as development, metabolism, learning, and memory formation, and their impairment has been linked to autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability and cancer. Furthermore, human CRBN was identified as the primary target of thalidomide teratogenicity. Data on functional analysis of CRBN family members in vivo, however, are still scarce. Here we identify Ohgata (OHGT), the Drosophila ortholog of CRBN, as a regulator of insulin signaling-mediated growth. Using ohgt mutants that we generated by targeted mutagenesis, we show that its loss results in increased body weight and organ size without changes of the body proportions. We demonstrate that ohgt knockdown in the fat body, an organ analogous to mammalian liver and adipose tissue, phenocopies the growth phenotypes. We further show that overgrowth is due to an elevation of insulin signaling in ohgt mutants and to the down-regulation of inhibitory cofactors of circulating Drosophila insulin-like peptides (DILPs), named acid-labile subunit and imaginal morphogenesis protein-late 2. The two inhibitory proteins were previously shown to be components of a heterotrimeric complex with growth-promoting DILP2 and DILP5. Our study reveals OHGT as a novel regulator of insulin-dependent organismic growth in Drosophila.
A scalable multiagent approach for channel assignment in wireless networks

The performance of IEEE 802.11-based wireless local area networks (WLANs) depends on the channel assignment among interfering access points (APs). Due to the limited number of nonoverlapping channels, severe interference scenarios may arise if no appropriated spectrum management is employed. Additionally, in dense urban areas it is usual to find wireless networks scenarios with interfering APs belonging to different administrative domains. In such cases the use of centralized algorithms is not feasible and the already proposed distributed methods present scalability problems. Our study investigates the channel allocation problem in WLANs, aiming to minimize interference and improve the network performance. In this paper, we formalize the channel allocation as a distributed constraint optimization problem (DCOP) and propose a new cooperative channel allocation strategy, called Distributed Suboptimal Channel Assignment (DSCA), which uses distributed pseudotree-optimization (DPOP). Our strategy reduces the number of messages and also the total amount of control information exchanged between APs. The results show that DSCA outperforms known techniques in terms of scalability, while keeping a good solution quality.
Does Age Matter in Mobile User Experience? Impact of Age on Relative Importance of Antecedents of Mobile User Experience

Interest in user experience (UX) has grown as both academics and practitioners perceive that focusing on functional usability provides only a limited understanding of human computer interaction. UX is a comprehensive concept that goes beyond usability and utilitarian aspects of technology use, to include the non-utilitarian, aesthetic, emotional and experiential aspects. A growing body of research based on Hassenzahl’s basic UX model has examined the impact of hedonic and pragmatic product attributes on user perceptions of beauty and goodness of the technology, and their subsequent impact on satisfaction. However, the influence of age on these relationships has largely been ignored. We conducted a survey of children, young adults and the elderly’s mobile phone UX, and conducted a multi-group analysis of the UX model. We found that age really matters in mobile phone user experience. While prior research has focused on young adults, the important determinants of UX for children and the elderly differed significantly. In accordance with the UX model, young adults’ UX evaluation was influenced by both pragmatic and hedonic qualities. Children and the elderly on the other hand focused on hedonic qualities. Our study has implications for the study and practice of UX design.
Tracking Low Grade Attack Using Cisco Packet Tracer Netflow

Detection and remediation of security incidents is an increasingly important task of system administrators. Specifically, system administrators typically have to base their actions on observing the local traffic to and from their own networks as well as global security incident alerts from organizations software and hardware vendors. However, stealthy targeted attacks may slip below detection thresholds both in the local data alone or on the global scale. The approach uses Cisco packet tracer , a commonly available non-intrusive data source ,analyzes communication to/from the group, and alerts the group members when suspicious activity is detected. A group-based detection has the ability to detect incidents that would fall below local detection thresholds while maintaining the number of alerts at a manageable level for each day.
Cloning and disruption of Ustilago maydis genes

We have demonstrated that genes from Ustilago maydis can be cloned by direct complementation of mutants through the use of genomic libraries made in a high-frequency transformation vector. We isolated a gene involved in amino acid biosynthesis as an illustrative example and showed that integrative and one-step disruption methods can be used to create null mutations in the chromosomal copy of the gene by homologous recombination. The results of this investigation make it clear that one-step gene disruption will be of general utility in investigations of U. maydis, since simple, precise replacement of the sequence under study was readily achieved.
Natriuretic peptide metabolism, clearance and degradation

Atrial natriuretic peptide, B‐type natriuretic peptide and C‐type natriuretic peptide constitute a family of three structurally related, but genetically distinct, signaling molecules that regulate the cardiovascular, skeletal, nervous, reproductive and other systems by activating transmembrane guanylyl cyclases and elevating intracellular cGMP concentrations. This review broadly discusses the general characteristics of natriuretic peptides and their cognate signaling receptors, and then specifically discusses the tissue‐specific metabolism of natriuretic peptides and their degradation by neprilysin, insulin‐degrading enzyme, and natriuretic peptide receptor‐C.
In vitro infection of smooth muscle cells by Chlamydia pneumoniae

Recent observations have shown that both Chlamydia pneumoniae antigens and DNA may be found within atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, we evaluated the ability of C. pneumoniae to infect cells that make up atherosclerotic lesions, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and cholesterol-loaded smooth muscle cells. The organism readily infected rabbit, bovine, and human aortic smooth muscle cells. Cholesterol-loaded smooth muscle cells were even more susceptible to C. pneumoniae infection. Chlamydia trachomatis inefficiently infected smooth muscle cells, demonstrating that this is not a characteristic of all members of the genus Chlamydia. C. pneumoniae infected bovine endothelial cells poorly. This study demonstrates that C. pneumoniae readily infects one of the important types of cells found within atherosclerotic lesions, i.e., smooth muscle cells with and without cholesterol loading.
Analysis and Focusing of Bistatic Airborne SAR Data

Bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing requires precise knowledge about geometrical parameters of the flown bistatic constellation, whereas estimation of these parameters is even more important than in the monostatic case. As it is impossible to separate the individual semimonostatic parameters from the bistatic raw data, the searched parameters are derived from the tracks of the moving platforms. For this reason, global positioning system (GPS) and inertial navigation system (INS) position and velocity data of transmitter and receiver are combined in an optimal way by a Kalman filter approach. As a consequence of model-based interpolation, we can easily determine varying parameters like Doppler centroid frequency, azimuth velocity, and the bistatic parameters a2 and a0 referring to the illuminated scene at each time instant. Accurately determined position and velocity of the transmitter and receiver enable a first-order bistatic motion compensation (MC), which is also described in this paper. In verifying our approach, GPS/INS tracks and raw data of a bistatic airborne SAR experiment flown in 2003 were used, where the data were provided by Forschungsgesellschaft fu umlr Angewandte Naturwissenschaften e.V. , Wachtberg, Germany. The focusing was done by a scaled inverse Fourier transformation processor for nearly parallel trajectories for transmitter and receiver. This paper focuses on analyzing the trajectories and antenna beams of bistatic missions to obtain accurate processing parameters and MC functions.
Calcium Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels: Role of Protein Phosphatase-2B

ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels are broadly distributed in the vasculature and regulate arterial tone. These channels are inhibited by intracellular ATP ([ATP]i) and vasoconstrictor agents and can be activated by vasodilators. It is widely assumed that KATP channels are insensitive to Ca2+, although regulation has not been examined in the intact cell where cytosolic regulatory processes may be important. Thus we investigated the effects of Ca2+ on whole-cell KATP current in rat aortic smooth muscle cells recorded in a physiological [ATP]i and K+ gradient. Under control recording conditions, cells had a resting potential of ≈−40 mV when bathed in 1.8 mmol/L Ca2+. The KATP channel inhibitor glibenclamide caused membrane depolarization (9 mV) and inhibited a small, time-independent background current. Reducing [ATP]i from 3 to 0.1 mmol/L hyperpolarized cells to ≈−60 mV and increased glibenclamide-sensitive current by 2- to 4-fold. Similar effects were observed when Ca2+ levels were decreased either externally or internally by increasing EGTA from 1 to 10 mmol/L. Dialysis with solutions containing different free [Ca2+]i showed that KATP current was maximally activated at 10 nmol/L [Ca2+]i and almost totally inhibited at 300 nmol/L. Moreover, under control conditions, when rat aortic smooth muscle cells were dialyzed with either cyclosporin A, FK-506, or calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide (structurally unrelated inhibitors of Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase, type 2B), glibenclamide-sensitive currents were large and the resting potential was hyperpolarized by ≈20 to 25 mV. We report for the first time that KATP channels can be modulated by Ca2+ at physiological [ATP]i and conclude that modulation occurs via protein phosphatase type 2B.
Relationship between Sonographic Placental Thickness and Gestational Age in Normal Singleton Fetuses in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria

Background: The accuracy of common ultrasound parameters for the estimation of gestational age (GA) decreases as pregnancy advances in age. Hence, there is need to explore other parameters that may complement the established fetal biometric parameters in predicting GA in late pregnancy. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the sonographic placental thickness (PT) and GA in the second and third trimesters. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 627 normal pregnant women with GA between 14 and 40 weeks was conducted at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu from May 2013 to February 2014 by sonography. Anteroposterior diameter of the placenta was measured at the level of the umbilical cord insertion. The last menstrual period of the women, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference of the fetus were measured for GA estimation. Descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and independent sample t-test were used in statistical analysis. Results: Mean PT was 23.2 (2.8) mm in the second trimester and 36.1 (3.6) mm in the third trimester. There was a significant difference between the values in the present study and values from similar studies in other populations (P < 0.04). There was a strong relationship between GA and PT and the following mathematical relationships for the second and third trimesters were obtained in the GA = 0.982 (PT) + 3.614 and GA = 0.977 (PT) + 3.354, respectively. Conclusion: Population-specific charts for PT may be used to estimate GA in the second and third trimesters.
Proxy screening tools improve the recognition of dementia in old-age homes: results of a validation study.

BACKGROUND Despite the high true prevalence of dementia, demential disorders of residents of old age homes may often be not recognized. There is a need for a standardised tool which includes observations of nursing staff. OBJECTIVE To describe and validate the Dementia Screening Scale (DSS) for use by nursing staff in old-age homes. METHODS All residents of 20 randomly selected old age homes in the city of Mannheim, Germany (n = 1, 922) were rated by nurses using the seven-item proxy dementia rating scale. Based on a subset of residents (n = 598) the DSS was validated against independent diagnostic assessments made by trained psychologists including the Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE), the Dementia Scale of the Brief Assessment Schedule (BAS DEM), and the Washington University Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). RESULTS Using the CDR as a gold standard, the DSS correctly classified at a cut-off of 2/3, 85.8% of the mildly, moderately, or severely demented residents. The accuracy of the DSS was only a little worse than that of the MMSE and the BAS DEM. CONCLUSION The DSS is well-suited for the recognition of dementia in old age homes. It achieved a better validity than global diagnosis-related staff assessments and compared to performance-based instruments. It is easier to apply, more economic, and associated with a fewer rate of non-response.
Misclassification of acute respiratory distress syndrome after traumatic injury: The cost of less rigorous approaches

BACKGROUND Adherence to rigorous research protocols for identifying adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after trauma is variable. To examine how misclassification of ARDS may bias observational studies in trauma populations, we evaluated the agreement of two methods for adjudicating ARDS after trauma: the current gold standard, direct review of chest radiographs and review of dictated radiology reports, a commonly used alternative. METHODS This nested cohort study included 123 mechanically ventilated patients between 2005 and 2008, with at least one PaO2/FIO2 less than 300 within the first 8 days of admission. Two blinded physician investigators adjudicated ARDS by two methods. The investigators directly reviewed all chest radiographs to evaluate for bilateral infiltrates. Several months later, blinded to their previous assessments, they adjudicated ARDS using a standardized rubric to classify radiology reports. A &kgr; statistics was calculated. Regression analyses quantified the association between established risk factors as well as important clinical outcomes and ARDS determined by the aforementioned methods as well as hypoxemia as a surrogate marker. RESULTS The &kgr; was 0.47 for the observed agreement between ARDS adjudicated by direct review of chest radiographs and ARDS adjudicated by review of radiology reports. Both the magnitude and direction of bias on the estimates of association between ARDS and established risk factors as well as clinical outcomes varied by method of adjudication. CONCLUSION Classification of ARDS by review of dictated radiology reports had only moderate agreement with the current gold standard, ARDS adjudicated by direct review of chest radiographs. While the misclassification of ARDS had varied effects on the estimates of associations with established risk factors, it tended to weaken the association of ARDS with important clinical outcomes. A standardized approach to ARDS adjudication after trauma by direct review of chest radiographs will minimize misclassification bias in future observational studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Diagnostic study, level II.