Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE EXERCISES THAT PRODUCE OPTIMAL MUSCLE RATIOS OF THE SCAPULAR STABILIZERS IN NORMAL SHOULDERS.

PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the exercises that optimize muscle ratios of the periscapular musculature for scapular stability and isolated strengthening. METHODS A systematic search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Discovery Layer. Studies were included if they examined the muscle activation of the upper trapezius compared to the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, or serratus anterior using EMG during open chain exercises. The participants were required to have healthy, nonpathological shoulders. Information obtained included maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) values, ratios, standard deviations, exercises, and exercise descriptions. The outcome of interest was determining exercises that create optimal muscle activation ratios between the scapular stabilizers. RESULTS Fifteen observational studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Exercises with optimal ratios were eccentric exercises in the frontal and sagittal planes, especially flexion between 180 ° and 60 °. External rotation exercises with the elbow flexed to 90 ° also had optimal ratios for activating the middle trapezius in prone and side-lying positions. Exercises with optimal ratios for the lower trapezius were prone flexion, high scapular retraction, and prone external rotation with the shoulder abducted to 90 ° and elbow flexed. Exercises with optimal ratios for the serratus anterior were the diagonal exercises and scapular protraction. CONCLUSION This review has identified optimal positions and exercises for periscapular stability exercises. Standing exercises tend to activate the upper trapezius at a higher ratio, especially during the 60-120 ° range. The upper trapezius was the least active, while performing exercises in prone, side-lying, and supine positions. More studies need to be conducted to examine these exercises in greater detail and confirm their consistency in producing the optimal ratios determined in this review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 1a.
The matrix-valued hypergeometric equation

The hypergeometric differential equation was found by Euler [Euler, L. (1769) Opera Omnia Ser. 1, 11–13] and was extensively studied by Gauss [Gauss, C. F. (1812) Comm. Soc. Reg. Sci. II 3, 123–162], Kummer [Kummer, E. J. (1836) Riene Ang. Math. 15, 39–83; Kummer, E. J. (1836) Riene Ang. Math. 15, 127–172], and Riemann [Riemann, B. (1857) K. Gess. Wiss. 7, 1–24]. The hypergeometric function known also as Gauss' function is the unique solution of the hypergeometric equation analytic at z = 0 and with value 1 at z = 0. This function, because of its remarkable properties, has been used for centuries in the whole subject of special functions. In this article we give a matrix-valued analog of the hypergeometric differential equation and of Gauss' function. One can only speculate that many of the connections that made Gauss' function a vital part of mathematics at the end of the 20th century will be shared by its matrix-valued version, discussed here.
Nutritional screening of older people in a sub-acute care facility in Australia and its relation to discharge outcomes.

OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of under-nutrition using brief screening methods and to determine the relation between these results and (1) those of a more standard nutritional assessment and (2) discharge outcomes. DESIGN Prospective study. SUBJECTS 65 (21 males) patients older than 65 years. SETTING Sub-acute care facility. MEASUREMENTS The Mini Nutritional Assessment, standard nutritional assessment, 'rapid screen' and discharge outcome. RESULTS The prevalence of under-nutrition was high, ranging from 35.4% to 43.1%, depending on the screening method used. Compared to the standard nutritional assessment the 'rapid screen' consisting of (1) body mass index <22 kg/m(2); and/or (2) reported weight loss of >7.5% over the previous 3 months and the two-tiered Mini Nutritional Assessment process (at risk subjects (46% of total) further evaluated using standard nutritional assessment) had sensitivities of 78.6 and 89.5% and specificities of 97.3 and 87.5% respectively in diagnosing under-nutrition. Under-nourished patients as identified by the standard nutritional assessment (50.0% (under-nourished) versus 21.6% (nourished); P = 0.017), the two-tiered Mini Nutritional Assessment process (50.0% (under-nourished) versus 21.6% (nourished); P = 0.017) and the rapid screen (56.5% (under-nourished) versus 21.4% (nourished); P = 0.004) were more likely to be discharged to an acute hospital or an accommodation with increased support (poor discharge outcomes) than nourished patients. CONCLUSION All screening methods identified patients more likely to have a poor discharge outcome. The highly specific but less sensitive 'rapid screen' may be the best method in facilities with limited resources as it can be easily incorporated into nursing/medical admissions and avoids biochemical investigations in all patients. The more sensitive two-tiered Mini Nutritional Assessment is better if resources permit.
Sensitivity and specificity of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test and the Epworth sleepiness scale: Failure of the MSLT as a gold standard

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is an important symptom that needs to be quantified, but there is confusion over the best way to do this. Three of the most commonly used tests: the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) give results that are significantly correlated in a statistical sense, but are not closely related. The purpose of this investigation was to help clarify this problem. Previously published data from several investigations were used to calculate the reference range of normal values for each test, defined by the mean±2 SD or by the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles. The ‘rule of thumb’ that many people rely on to interpret MSLT results is shown here to be misleading. Previously published results from each test were also available for narcoleptic patients who were drug‐free at the time and who by definition had EDS. This enabled the sensitivity and specificity of the three tests to be compared for the first time, in their ability to distinguish the EDS of narcolepsy from the daytime sleepiness of normal subjects. The receiver operator characteristic curves clearly showed that the ESS is the most discriminating test, the MWT is next best and the MSLT the least discriminating test of daytime sleepiness. The MSLT can no longer be considered the gold standard for such tests.
Smart Health Monitoring for Seizure Detection using Mobile Edge Computing

Smart health systems have become the need of the hour taking into account the rising number of patients and the limited facilities available to treat them. This paper has profited by the advantages of two major fields of research in the recent times; deep learning and edge computing. A deep learning method for epileptic seizure detection using mobile edge computing is proposed. EEG signals are used for seizure detection. A novel deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with six convolutional layer, two fully connected layer with softmax activation is used to classify the EEG signal into either seizure or non-seizure category. A three tier architecture with an edge layer between the end device and the cloud is used. Out of all the advantages the edge layer can enhance privacy, this paper is mainly focused on using the edge to reduce the size of the data being sent to the cloud. A dataset with 500 samples from healthy and seizure activities is used. The raw data is represented in both time and frequency domain. The best model proposed can achieve an accuracy of 92 % in time domain, 99.22 % in frequency domain.
Identification of Genes Encoding Mouse Oocyte Secretory and Transmembrane Proteins by a Signal Sequence Trap1

Abstract The oocyte plays a key role in follicular development. At all stages of follicular development, oocytes interact with surrounding granulosa cells and promote their differentiation into the types of cells that support further oocyte growth and developmental competence. These interactions suggest the existence of an oocyte-granulosa cell regulatory loop that includes both secreted proteins and cell surface receptors on both cell types. Factors involved in the regulatory loop will therefore contain a signal sequence, which can be used to identify them through a signal sequence trap (SST). A screen of an oocyte SST library identified three classes of oocyte-expressed sequences: known mouse genes, sequences homologous to known mammalian genes, and novel sequences of unknown function. Many of the recovered genes may have roles in the oocyte-granulosa cell regulatory loop. For several of the known mouse genes, new roles in follicular development are implied by identification of their expression, for the first time, in the oocyte. The future characterization of novel sequences may lead to the identification of novel proteins participating in the regulatory loop.
Neuronal Population Activity in Spinal Motor Circuits: Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts

The core elements of stereotypical movements such as locomotion, scratching and breathing are generated by networks in the lower brainstem and the spinal cord. Ensemble activities in spinal motor networks had until recently been merely a black box, but with the emergence of ultra-thin Silicon multi-electrode technology it was possible to reveal the spiking activity of larger parts of the network. A series of experiments revealed unexpected features of spinal networks, such as multiple spiking regimes and lognormal firing rate distributions. The lognormality renders the widespread idea of a typical firing rate ± standard deviation an ill-suited description, and therefore these findings define a new arithmetic of motor networks. Focusing on the population activity behind motor pattern generation this review summarizes this advance and discusses its implications.
Consumer exposure to phthalates from paper packaging: an integrated approach

This paper presents an integrated approach to estimate the exposure of the Portuguese population to phthalates as a contaminant originating from paperboard packaging. The approach combined data of migrant concentration in the foods resulting from a stochastic simulation with consumption data of food packaged in paperboard. The results from the exposure model were validated with experimental values actually found in the food. A short surveillance exercise was conducted with samples collection from market shelves to identify and quantify the phthalates present in both the packages and the food. The distribution of values for the di-butyl phthalate concentration in the packages was used as the input of the initial concentration in the Weibull model to estimate the concentration of this phthalate in the foods. This distribution of occurrence data was then combined with the packaging usage data in a probabilistic simulation with a Monte Carlo sampling method. Exposure values ranged between zero and 8.95 µg day−1 kgbw, a value close to the tolerable daily intake established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)–10 µg day−1 kgbw. However, the 97.5th percentile and the average were 1.82 and 0.44 day−1 kgbw, respectively, indicating that further refinement of the estimates is not necessary. Other phthalates were also detected in the packaging samples: di-isobutyl phthalate and di-ethylhexyl phthalate. The latter was present in all packaging samples collected and was detected in a few food samples at values requiring further investigation.
The Impact of Charging Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on a Residential Distribution Grid

Alternative vehicles, such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, are becoming more popular. The batteries of these plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are to be charged at home from a standard outlet or on a corporate car park. These extra electrical loads have an impact on the distribution grid which is analyzed in terms of power losses and voltage deviations. Without coordination of the charging, the vehicles are charged instantaneously when they are plugged in or after a fixed start delay. This uncoordinated power consumption on a local scale can lead to grid problems. Therefore, coordinated charging is proposed to minimize the power losses and to maximize the main grid load factor. The optimal charging profile of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is computed by minimizing the power losses. As the exact forecasting of household loads is not possible, stochastic programming is introduced. Two main techniques are analyzed: quadratic and dynamic programming.
Méthode parcimonieuse pour l'analyse spectrale de signaux tip-timing

Les vibrations d'aubes sont particulierement etudiees pour la certification des turbomachines. L'une des methodes de mesure est le tip-timing dont la principale contrainte est de generer des signaux sous-echantillonnes et a echantillonnage non-uniforme periodique. Cet article presente une nouvelle methode parcimonieuse pour l'analyse spectrale de signaux tip-timing. Une modelisation parcimonieuse du spectre est developpee sous forme d'un systeme lineaire dont la resolution est obtenue par minimisation d'un critere regularise par un terme de penalite l 1. Des resultats sur signaux simules et reels illustrent la methode proposee. Le principal avantage de la methode est de reduire les repliements des composantes frequentielles dues au sous-echantillonnage des signaux mesures.
Gridding-based three-dimensional image reconstruction from projections with arbitrary directions

We describe a fast and accurate method for reconstructing a function of three variables from a finite number of its parallel beam projections. The high computational efficiency of the method is achieved by using gridding-based Fourier techniques whenever possible. The gridding technique provides an efficient means to compute a uniformly sampled version of a function from a non-uniformly sampled version of its Fourier transform and vice versa. We apply the two-dimensional reverse gridding method to each projection to obtain its Fourier transform on a special spherical grid. Then we use the three-dimensional gridding method to reconstruct the three-dimensional function on a uniform grid from this sampled version of its Fourier transform. The proper weights required for the compensation for the non-uniform distribution of samples are obtained by constructing the Voronoi diagram on the unit sphere for a set of nodes derived from the directions of projections. The main application of the method is cryo-electron microscopy, where the number of two-dimensional projections is very large and their angular distribution is highly non-uniform. We demonstrate the excellent speed and accuracy of our reconstruction method using simulated data.
Research Methods for HCI: Understanding People Using Interactive Technologies

This course will provide an introduction to methods used in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research. An equal focus will be given to both the quantitative and qualitative research traditions used to understand people and interactional contexts. We shall discuss these major philosophical traditions along with their contemporary framings (e.g., in-the-wild research and Interaction Science). By the end of the course attendees will have a detailed understanding of how to select and apply methods to address a range of problems that are of concern to contemporary HCI researchers.
Apolipoprotein A1 and C-Terminal Fragment of &agr;-1 Antichymotrypsin Are Candidate Plasma Biomarkers Associated With Acute Renal Allograft Rejection

Background. Current diagnostic methods of renal allograft rejection are neither sensitive nor specific. Needle biopsies are invasive and associated with patient morbidity. Thus, it is desirable to develop noninvasive tests to predict and diagnose rejection. Methods. Using a case-control approach, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify plasma proteins associated with renal allograft rejection. From each rejection patient (n=16), two plasma samples (one near the biopsy date and the other at a time postbiopsy) were compared. Biopsy-confirmed nonrejection patients (n=48) were further analyzed as controls. Antibody-based quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to validate candidate biomarker apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) in a subset of the original and a second cohort of biopsy-confirmed rejection (n=40) and nonrejection (n=70) patients. Results. Twenty-two proteins/peptides showed significant differences between rejection and postrejection samples. Peptides 5191 Da and 4467 Da detected rejection with 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity. The 4467 Da peptide was identified as the C-terminal fragment of &agr;-1 antichymotrypsin and a 28 kDa protein was determined as Apo A1. Both protein levels were significantly lower at rejection compared with postrejection. Protein levels of nonrejection patients were similar to the postrejection samples. Apo A1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed significantly lower Apo A1 levels (P=0.001 for the original and P=4.14E-11 for the second cohort) at the time of rejection compared with nonrejection which coincides with the SELDI findings. Conclusions. Together &agr;-1 antichymotrypsin, Apo A1, and the unidentified 5191 Da peptide provide a plasma molecular profile, and this is associated with acute cellular renal allograft rejection.
Toward More Effective Viewpoint Computation Tools

The proper setting of cameras is an essential component in many 3D computer graphics applications. Commonly, viewpoint computation tools rely on the specification of visual criteria on a number of targets, each expressed as a constraint; then on the use of an optimization-based technique to compute a 7-degrees of freedom camera setting that best satisfy this set of constraints. Proposed methods can be evaluated in terms of their efficiency (required computation time), but there is a clear lack of a proper evaluation of their effectiveness (how aesthetically satisfactory the generated viewpoints are). In parallel, current methods rely on the maximization of a single fitness function built as a weighted sum (i.e. a pure tradeoff) over the satisfaction of each single criterion considered independently from all others. In contrast, cinematographers' sense of the effective satisfaction of a viewpoint is far from a tradeoff between visual criteria. These issues call for the provision of means to better evaluate the overall satisfaction of a composition problem, and methods to improve the search of a satisfactory viewpoint. In this paper, we present a work in progress which targets to steer computation tools in this direction. We first propose a range of aggregation functions which supplement the classical tradeoff function, and enable to express evolved relationships between criteria. We then propose to aggregate the individual satisfactions of criteria in hierarchical way instead of simply summing them. We finally propose to reduce the search to camera positions (i.e. from 7D to 3D), while constraining the framing more strongly by separately optimizing its orientation and focal length.
Allergenic characterization of Acarus siro and Tyrophagus putrescentiae and their crossreactivity with Lepidoglyphus destructor and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Allergenic components in extracts of Acarus siro and Tyrophagus putrescentiae were identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate‐polyacrylamide (SDS‐PAGE) and immuno‐blotting. Five and four allergenic components, respectively, were visualized with sera from farmers sensitized to storage mites. The highest frequency of IgE‐binding was to a 15kDa component of A. siro (7/9 sera) and a 16kDa component of T. putrescentiae (23/29 sera). The allergenic crossreactivity of A. siro and T. putrescentiae with Lepidoglyphus destructor and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was studied with an immunoblotting inhibition technique. Crossreactivity between D. pteronyssinus on the one hand and A. siro and T. putrescentiae on the other, was shown, as the IgE reactivity to a 25 kDa component of D. ptertonyssinus was inhibited to the same degree by extracts of A. siro, T. putrescentiae and D. pteronyssinus. However, D. pteronyssinus was a poor inhibitor of the allergenic components of A. siro and T. putrescentiae. Strong cross‐reactivity was also shown between L. destructor and the allergenic components of A. siro and T. putrescentiae, while the latter mite species only to a very low degree inhibited the allergenic components of L. destructor.
Re-assessment of rensch’s rule in Centrobolus

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) was investigated in the helminthomorph genus Centrobolus (=Chersastus). Width, length and mass were used to compare the interspecific variation for 20 species. Interspecific variation in volume was calculated in these species and an allometric coefficient of 0.7 found. The allometric equation generated for the genus also the inverse of Rensch’s rule as there was a positive correlation between SSD and body size (R=0.70485; P=0.00109; n=18 spp) in this diplopod genus. This SSD is thought to have evolved through intersexual competition driven by sexual selection.
A magnetic current sensor with SQUID readout

A cryogenic magnetic current sensor has been constructed and tested for operation and sensitivity in the ac regime. The sensor is based on a ferromagnetic-core current transformer, coupled to a superconducting-quantum-interferencedevice (SQUID) current detector. The SQUID electronics provides a voltage output that can be coupled to room temperature signal recovery electronics, such as a lock-in amplifier. Working in liquid helium (4.2 K) the sensor transresistance is about 1.8 MΩ in the audio frequency range; the equivalent input current noise of the sensor, at the frequency of 1 kHz, is a few pAHz−1/2 per unit primary winding turn. A major contribution to the detector noise is the thermal noise of the ferromagnetic core; however, an important excess noise contribution at low frequency is also present. The experiment is intended as a feasibility test towards the realization of high-sensitivity electromagnetic devices, such as current comparators, to be employed in primary current and impedance metrology setups working in the audio frequency range.
Designing Humanistic Critical Care Environments

The critical care environment can be designed to become more humanistic. Consideration of the environmental challenges of noise, lights, color, views, temperature, and comfort is essential. This article identifies the issues and concerns in the design of more humanistic healing in critical care units. Strategies to improve the environment include improving the physical and emotional tone of the unit through creative design, family and pet visitation, sleep promotion, and aromatherapy among others. In a life-threatening illness, attention paid to these concerns may significantly improve quality of life for patients and family.