Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Historical development and present status of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children (K-SADS).

OBJECTIVES To review the historical development, reliability, validity, administrative characteristics, and uses of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS). METHOD The various past and current K-SADS editions were reviewed as was the literature describing their uses. RESULTS Three DSM-IV-compatible versions of the K-SADS are in general use, 1 present state (K-SADS-P IVR) and 2 epidemiological editions (K-SADS-E and K-SADS-P/L). All 3 interviews provide a current diagnostic assessment. The K-SADS-P IVR also evaluates the worst past episode during the preceding year, while the K-SADS-E and -P/L provide a lifetime diagnosis. The K-SADS-E and -P/L are primarily categorical diagnostic interviews while the K-SADS-P IVR, which also measures symptom severity, can be used to monitor treatment response. All editions have good rater reliability. However, the quality of the validating data set for the K-SADS is limiting. CONCLUSIONS The K-SADS is a viable interview schedule to assess current, past, and lifetime diagnostic status in children and adolescents. It is has the potential to further aide in the validation of psychiatric disorders. The substantial rater training required for reliable administration and the need for more validation work remain its drawbacks.
Femtosecond Pulse Tailoring For Nanoscale Laser Processing Of Wide-Bandgap Materials: Temporal Asymmetric Pulses Versus Frequency Sweeps

Control of two basic ionization processes in dielectrics i.e. photo ionization and electron‐electron impact ionization on intrinsic time and intensity scales is investigated experimentally. In our experiment, we use a modified microscope set up to irradiate the surface of a fused silica sample with a single shaped pulse resulting in nanoscale ablation structures. The topology of the laser generated structures is measured by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Structure parameters are investigated as a function of the pulse energy and the modulation parameters. We find different thresholds for surface material modification with respect to an asymmetric temporal pulse and its time reversed counterpart both showing a constant instantaneous frequency. However, we do not observe pronounced differences between up‐ and down‐chirped radiation (i.e. symmetric temporal pulse envelope but asymmetric instantaneous frequency) in the measured structure diameters and thresholds.
Golgi Vesiculation and Lysosome Dispersion in Cells Lacking Cytoplasmic Dynein

Cytoplasmic dynein, a minus end–directed, microtubule-based motor protein, is thought to drive the movement of membranous organelles and chromosomes. It is a massive complex that consists of multiple polypeptides. Among these polypeptides, the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (cDHC) constitutes the major part of this complex. To elucidate the function of cytoplasmic dynein, we have produced mice lacking cDHC by gene targeting. cDHC−/− embryos were indistinguishable from cDHC+/−or cDHC+/+ littermates at the blastocyst stage. However, no cDHC−/− embryos were found at 8.5 d postcoitum. When cDHC−/− blastocysts were cultured in vitro, they showed interesting phenotypes. First, the Golgi complex became highly vesiculated and distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Second, endosomes and lysosomes were not concentrated near the nucleus but were distributed evenly throughout the cytoplasm. Interestingly, the Golgi “fragments” and lysosomes were still found to be attached to microtubules. These results show that cDHC is essential for the formation and positioning of the Golgi complex. Moreover, cDHC is required for cell proliferation and proper distribution of endosomes and lysosomes. However, molecules other than cDHC might mediate attachment of the Golgi complex and endosomes/lysosomes to microtubules.
A Supra-Convergent Finite Diﬀerence Scheme for the Variable Coeﬃcient Poisson Equation on Fully Adaptive Grids

We introduce a method for solving the variable coeﬃcient Poisson equation on fully adaptive Cartesian grids that yields second order accuracy for the solutions and their gradients. We employ quadtree (in 2D) and octree (in 3D) data structures as an eﬃcient means to represent the Cartesian grid, allowing for constraint-free grid generation. The schemes take advantage of sampling the solution at the nodes (vertices) of each cell. In particular, the discretization at one cell’s node only uses nodes of two (2D) or three (3D) adjacent cells, producing schemes that are straightforward to implement. Numerical results in two and three spatial dimensions demonstrate supra-convergence in the L ∞ norm.
Comparative Analysis of XGBoost and Random Forest for Predicting Water Potability

Access to water, a necessity for human living, is not uniformly available over the world. The Indian water potability data set from Kaggle is the primary subject of research. The cutting-edge statistics, like the XGBOOST, Random forest classifier, used to untangle the variety of substances that go into determining water quality. The cross validation of XGBOOST gives an average accuracy of 87.22% in comparison with random forest whose accuracy is 61.11%.
Radio Access Network Virtualization for the Social Internet of Things

In the social Internet of Things (SIoT), devices are often divided into groups with different relationships in social networks. The radio access network (RAN), which is often used to connect IoT devices to the IoT cloud service, doesn't adequately support SIoT groups. Thus, to distinguish SIoT groups in a RAN, network virtualization with a software-defined network (SDN) structure is preferable because of its scalability and usability. However, it's hard to support many groups because of the rule space limitation of existing SDN-enabled devices. The authors introduce an SDN-based RAN virtualization framework, and state the problem of maximizing the number of SIoT groups with limited SDN rule space. They also propose an efficient algorithm to solve this problem. Through simulation, the authors show that their solution supports more SIoT groups than the original SDN-based RAN virtualization.
Cross-Linking of Corneal Collagen with UVA and Riboflavin for the Treatment of Corneal Disease

In recent years, reduced corneal biomechanics have been identified as an important element in the pathogenesis of various corneal diseases. The biomechanical characteristics of a connective tissue such as strength and resistance against mechanical stress are indispensable prerequisites to maintain regular shape and function of that tissue. Intra- and intermolecular cross-links between collagen molecules are essential elements of these biomechanical properties.
Power decoupling method for single phase differential buck converter

The well-known inherent second-order ripple power in single phase converters imposes harmonic stress on the dc link, resulting in low efficiency and overheating issues. In order to avoid installing bulky electrolytic capacitors or LC filters in the dc-link, this paper presents a differential buck inverter to improve the dc link power quality, and an improved active power decoupling method is proposed to achieve ripple power reduction for both AC-DC and DC-AC conversions. The ripple energy storage is realized by the filter capacitors, which are connected between the output terminal and the negative dc bus. By properly controlling the differential mode voltage of the capacitors, it is possible to transfer desired energy between the DC port and AC port. The common mode voltage is controlled in such a way that the ripple power on the dc side will be reduced. Furthermore, an autonomous reference generation technique is proposed to provide accurate ripple power compensation, and closed-loop controllers are also designed based on small signal models. The effectiveness of this power decoupling method is verified by detailed simulation studies as well as laboratory prototype experimental results.
Cellular nanoparticle delivery by G-protein coupled receptors

Considering the significant benefits that site-specific drug therapy offers, in this work, the potential of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) as candidates for a new class of targets in the field of drug targeting was investigated. In order to evaluate this potential at the cellular level, nanoparticles were conjugated with specific ligands for the human neuropeptide Y (hNPY) Y1 receptor and characterized according to their affinity to cells expressing this receptor. A second objective was to explore whether GPCRs provide a portal for nanoparticle delivery into cells, since GPCRs are known to internalize after agonist binding. GPCRs represent the largest class of receptors in the human genome and have, therefore, been a key area of focus in drug research for several decades. Consequently, we know a number of specifically binding ligands as well as the organ distribution of many GPCRs. This makes GPCRs extremely interesting candidates for nanoparticle drug targeting. As model colloid, quantum dots (QDs), semiconductor nanocrystals have been used. Methods for their fabrication were developed and the nanoparticles subsequently were surface-modified by several techniques using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and PEGylated phospholipids. The resulting surface-modified nanocrystals were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) as well as by photometric measurements. Additionally, the particles potential as traceable model nanoparticles for cellular studies was evaluated. For the investigation of targeted uptake of nanoparticles by GPCRs, ligands for the human NPY Y1-receptor were attached to QDs. The particles were tested using Y1-receptor expressing (MCF-7, SK-N-MC) and Y1-receptor lacking (MDA) human cell lines. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed specific binding uptake of the particles when they were linked with agonistic peptides for the Y1-receptor. In contrast, when an antagonistic ligand was conjugated with the particles, binding cellular uptake was strongly reduced. Flow-cytometric investigations showed that the ligand-modified QDs strongly and specifically bind to the cells and a multiligand binding of the QDs to the cells was suggested. Finally, the uptake of the agonist-modified QDs was compared with a fluorescent NPY and QDs modified with poly(ethylene imine).
Dependencies on player formation in event-driven hybrid learning classifier systems for soccer video games

In this paper, we discuss dependencies on player formation when using a classifier system in a decision algorithm for agents in a soccer game. Our aim is to respond to the changing environment of video gaming that has resulted from the growth of the Internet, and to provide bug-free programs in a short time. We have already proposed a bucket brigade algorithm and a procedure for choosing what to learn depending on the frequency of events with the aim of facilitating real-time learning while a game is in progress. We have also proposed a hybrid system configuration that combines existing algorithm strategies with a classifier system, and we have reported on the effectiveness of this hybrid system. In this paper, we pit players in several different formations against each other and show that the proposed system is able to learn regardless of the differences in formation. We also show that by performing simulations ahead of time, it is possible to investigate formations that will be effective against an opponent's formation. Finally, by investigating changes in frequency and success rates for each type of play due to changes in formation, we show that it is possible to acquire a team strategy for the current formation through learning.
Modeling of Granular Flow and Combined Heat Transfer in Hoppers by the Discrete Element Method (DEM)

The discrete element method can be used for modeling moving granular media in which heat and mass transport takes place. In this paper the concept of discrete element modeling with special emphasis on applicable force laws is introduced and the necessary equations for heat transport within particle assemblies are derived. Possible flow regimes in moving granular media are discussed. The developed discrete element model is applied to a new staged reforming process for biomass and waste utilization which employs a solid heat carrier. Results are presented for the flow regime and heat transport in substantial vessels of the process.
Loss of Bif-1 Suppresses Bax/Bak Conformational Change and Mitochondrial Apoptosis

ABSTRACT Bif-1, a member of the endophilin B protein family, interacts with Bax and promotes interleukin-3 withdrawal-induced Bax conformational change and apoptosis when overexpressed in FL5.12 cells. Here, we provide evidence that Bif-1 plays a regulatory role in apoptotic activation of not only Bax but also Bak and appears to be involved in suppression of tumorigenesis. Inhibition of endogenous Bif-1 expression in HeLa cells by RNA interference abrogated the conformational change of Bax and Bak, cytochrome c release, and caspase 3 activation induced by various intrinsic death signals. Similar results were obtained in Bif-1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts. While Bif-1 did not directly interact with Bak, it heterodimerized with Bax on mitochondria in intact cells, and this interaction was enhanced by apoptosis induction and preceded the Bax conformational change. Moreover, suppression of Bif-1 expression was associated with an enhanced ability of HeLa cells to form colonies in soft agar and tumors in nude mice. Taken together, these findings support the notion that Bif-1 is an important component of the mitochondrial pathway for apoptosis as a novel Bax/Bak activator, and loss of this proapoptotic molecule may contribute to tumorigenesis.
Applying Enhanced Confusion Line Color Transform Using Color Segmentation for Mobile Applications

This paper proposes separating confusion line method in Lab color space using color segmentation for protanopia and deuteranopia. It uses hue information, we segment regions that grouped by neighborhood pixels with similar color information. For this, we use region growing method, so we pick seed points that could be selected pixels, which is peaking at points in after applying the low pass filter in the histogram. Furthermore, for CVD(Color Vision Deficiency)'s making confusion line Map, we made 512 virtual boxes in RGB color space, so that we can classify boxes in same confusion line easily. After this we check whether the regions place in same confusion line or not, and it performs the color transformation in Lab color space to make all of neighboring regions be placed in diverse confusion line so that we can give the best effect of color classification for CVD. Furthermore, we apply this algorithm in the smart phone so that we provide our algorithm to protanopia and deuteranopia easily.
Catastrophic Bifurcation in Three-Phase Voltage-Source Converters

Active pulse-width-modulated (PWM) voltage rectifiers are commonly used to convert ac power from a three-phase grid to a regulated dc voltage with unity input power factor. The output voltage regulation is normally achieved by an outer voltage feedback loop and a sinusoidal pulse-width-modulated (SPWM) inner current loop. Due to output voltage disturbances, such as those produced by a capacitive load, the inner current loop can be easily driven into over-modulation and possible six-step operating regions. Current research efforts have focused on extending the linearity of the modulated voltage in the over-modulation range to reduce the input current harmonics and on studying the closed-loop stability via conventional small-signal linearization around a fixed operating point. Such linear techniques obviously fall short of predicting large-signal transient stability. In this paper, catastrophic bifurcation of the three-phase voltage-source converter is reported. The physical origin of the phenomenon is identified. Boundaries of catastrophic bifurcation in the parameter space are derived. The phenomenon has been verified experimentally.
Design and Development of Low Cost and Light Weight Microwave Filters by using Metallized ABS Plastic as a substitute of High Cost Substrate and Metals

The main objective to introduce the ABS (Acryonitrile Butadyne Styrene) plastic substrate in place of RTDuroid substrate for microstrip filters is to reduce the cost. The cost of plated ABS plastic substrate is substantially less (Rs. 4/sq.inch) compared to the cost of RT-Duroid (US$ 02/-/sq.inch). Two microstrip (hairpin line) band pass filters at 1537.5 MHZ and 1575.42 MHz have been developed and tested. The performance of filters have been verified over temperature range, -10 deg. C to 60 deg. C.The ABS plastic blocks have been used in place of metal blocks of brass, copper and Commercial Aluminium to fabricate three dimensional microwave cavity filters for communication systems.The specific gravity of ABS plastic is 1.03 gms/cubic cm compare to 2.7, 6.3 and 9.6 gms/cubic cm of Com. Al, Copper and Brass respectively. Hence the weight of metallized ABS cavity filters will be 1/3rd , 1/6th and 1/9th of the com. Al, copper and brass cavity filters. General Terms Acryonitrile butadiene styrene plastic, poly tetra flouroehtelene, RT-duroid, thermal conductivity, surface resistivity, heat distortion temperature, coating, plating.
Security vulnerabilities in IEEE 802.11 and adaptive encryption technique for better performance

The explosive growth in wireless network over the last few years resembles the rapid growth of the internet within the last decade. In the beginning, organization and individuals connected without concern for the security of their system or network. Over time, it became apparent that some form of security was required to prevent outsiders from exploiting connected resources. So WLAN, despite its popularity is subjected to various security threats. Encrypting the data being transmitted is one of the approaches to address such risks. In this paper we discuss designing energy efficient encryption algorithm in WLAN. In this paper, we compare and analyze the results of experiments with AES and RC4 on the basis of their energy consumption. It will be seen that different encryption schemes are fit for different types of messages. We propose as intelligent encryption scheme for optimal security.
Assessment of the processes controlling the seasonal variations of dissolved inorganic carbon in the North Sea

We used a seasonal North Sea data set comprising dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), and inorganic nutrients to assess the abiotic and biological processes governing the monthly variations of DIC. During winter, advection and air‐sea exchange of CO2 control and increase the DIC content in the surface and deeper layers of the northern and central North Sea, with the atmosphere supplying CO2 on the order of 0.2 mol C m−2 month−1 to these areas. From February to July, net community production (NCP) controls the seasonal variations of DIC in the surface waters of the entire North Sea, with a net uptake ranging from 0.5 to 1.4 mol C m−2 month−1. During the August‐December period, NCP controls the seasonal variations of DIC in the southern North Sea, with a net release ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 mol C m−2 month−1. Similarly, during the April‐August period in the deeper layer of the northern North Sea, the NCP was the main factor controlling DIC concentrations, with a net release ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 mol C m−2 month−1. In the surface layer of the North Sea, NCP on the basis of DIC was 4.3 ± 0.4 mol C m−2 yr−1, whereas, NCP on the basis of nitrate was 1.6 ± 0.2 mol C m−2 yr−1. Under nutrient‐depleted conditions, preferential recycling (extracellular) of nutrients and intracellular mechanisms occurred and were responsible for the non‐Redfield uptake of DIC versus nitrate and phosphate.
Inferring your expertise from Twitter: combining multiple types of user activity

Understanding the expertise of users in social networking sites like Twitter is a key component for many applications such as user recommendation and talent seeking. A range of interactions between users on Twitter can provide important information that implicitly reflects a user's expertise. This paper proposes a learning model that tries to infer a user's topical expertise from Twitter using information such as tweets posted by the user and the characteristics of their followers. The model takes various types of user-related data from Twitter as input and considers their inference consistency in the process of learning. It aims to deliver accurate and effective inference results, even in cases where some types of data are missing for a user, e.g. the user has yet to post any tweets. The experiments reported in the paper were conducted on a large-scale Twitter dataset. Experimental results show that our model outperforms several baseline approaches and outperforms approaches which use only a single type of user data for inference.
An MRI-based articulatory and acoustic study of lateral sound in American English

The production of the lateral sounds generally involves a linguo-alveolar contact and one or two lateral channels along the parasagittal sides of the tongue. The acoustic effect of these articulatory features is not clearly understood. In this study, we compare two productions of /l/ in American English by one subject, one for a dark /l/ and the other for a light /l/. Three-dimensional vocal tract models derived from the magnetic resonance images were analyzed. It was shown that zeros in the vocal tract acoustic response are produced in the F3-F5 region in both /l/ productions, but the number of zeros and their frequencies are affected by the length of the linguo-alveolar contact and by the presence or absence of lateral linguopalatal contacts. The dark /l/ has one zero below 5 kHz, produced by the cross mode posterior to the linguo-alveolar contact, while the light /l/ has three zeros below 5 kHz, produced by the asymmetrical lateral channels, the supralingual cavity and the cross mode posterior to linguo-alveolar contact.
Task Scheduling and File Replication for Data-Intensive Jobs with Batch-shared I/O

This paper addresses the problem of efficient execution of a batch of data-intensive tasks with batch-shared I/O behavior, on coupled storage and compute clusters. Two scheduling schemes are proposed: 1) a 0-1 integer programming (IP) based approach, which couples task scheduling and data replication, and 2) a bi-level hypergraph partitioning based heuristic approach (BiPartition), which decouples task scheduling and data replication. The experimental results show that: 1) the IP scheme achieves the best batch execution time, but has significant scheduling overhead, thereby restricting its application to small scale workloads, and 2) the BiPartition scheme is a better fit for larger workloads and systems - it has very low scheduling overhead and no more than 5-10% degradation in solution quality, when compared with the IP based approach
Multiscale recurrent pattern image coding with a flexible partition scheme

In this paper we present a new segmentation method for the multidimensional multiscale parser (MMP) algorithm. In previous works we have shown that, for text and compound images, MMP has better compression efficiency than state-of-the-art transform-based encoders like JPEG2000 and H.264/AVC; however, it is still inferior to them for smooth images. In this paper we improve the performance of MMP for smooth images by employing a more flexible block segmentation scheme than the one defined in the original algorithm. The new partition scheme allows MMP to exploit the image's structure in a much more adaptive and effective way. Experimental tests have shown consistent performance gains, mainly for smooth images. When employing the new block segmentation scheme, MMP outperforms the state-of-the-art JPEG2000 and H.264/AVC Intra-frame image coding algorithms for both smooth and non-smooth images, at low to medium compression ratios.