Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dimensions of proximity in knowledge-based networks: The cases of investment banking and automobile design

The competitiveness of firms and regions is increasingly dependent on their capabilities to organise knowledge processes that unfold between different knowledge providers. In this article it is argued that this knowledge management in networks is a cognitive process that uses different dimensions of proximity. As much of the knowledge required is 'tacit' in character, 'embedded' social interaction becomes crucial. There are, however, conflicts of interest in business networks. The organisation of knowledge processes thus becomes a complex governance task that depends to a large extent on the characteristics of the learning processes of the sectors involved. This paper offers some empirical evidence from the service sector with the case of M&A activities and from the manufacturing sector with the case of automobile design.
Trp250‐hK2 is defective in intracellular trafficking and activates the unfolded protein response

hK2, a member of the kallikrein protease family encoded by KLK2, is expressed exclusively in prostate and is a putative adjunct tumor marker for prostate cancer screening. The T allele of rs198977, a single nucleotide polymorphism in exon 5 of KLK2, codes for W‐hK2 and is associated with lower serum hK2 levels and higher risk of prostate cancer than the C allele encoding R‐hK2. To elucidate the mechanism that underlies this SNP's function, we transfected plasmids expressing R‐hK2 or W‐hK2 into PC3, HeLa and HEK293A cells and measured the hK2 level in cell lysates and conditioned media. The level of W‐hK2 was lower than R‐hK2 in conditioned media but was not different from R‐hK2 in cell lysates. W‐hK2 was hardly colocalized with Golgi‐targeted fluorescent protein whereas R‐hK2 colocalized. Reporter assays related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) and phospho‐eIF2α immunoblot showed that W‐hK2 increased UPR activity more than R‐hK2. These results indicated that W‐hK2 had a defect in cellular trafficking from the ER to the Golgi complex due to its misfolding and that it activated the UPR, suggesting a mechanism to explain the association of the T allele with higher prostate cancer risk.
National servey of Japanese universities on computing education: Analysis of IT education for high school teacher license on IT

We conducted the first national survey of computing education at Japanese universities in 2016. In this paper, we report the survey result of the computing education to obtain high school teacher license on IT. The survey covers various aspects of computing education including program organization, quality and quantity of educational achievement, students, teaching staff and computing environment. We collected 338 answers through the survey which cover 65% of the departments having teacher license course on IT. Many of the responded departments also provide computing education majored in computing discipline. Although 5,006 students are enrolled in the computing education for the license, only 369 students obtain the license since very few are employed at a high school. Most of the teacher license holders on computing subject also obtain high school teacher license of other subject in order to get a job as a high school teacher.
Actuarial Gains and Losses: the Choice of the Accounting Method

IAS 19: Employee Benefits (2004) enables a choice between three accounting methods of recognising actuarial gains and losses: profit or loss, equity and corridor methods. The objective of this paper is to identify the accounting method of actuarial gains and losses followed by companies after the mandatory adoption of International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) standards. Information was collected about that accounting method adopted by 523 European companies, in the first year of mandatory IASB standards adoption. It was found that most of European companies included in the sample adopted the corridor method or the equity recognition method. The results also show that the equity recognition method is more used in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland and the corridor method is more used by financial companies.
Educational Inequality under China's Rural–Urban Divide: The Hukou System and Return to Education

We use microsample data from the 2005 (1%) National Population Sample Survey in southeast China and examine the relationship between the effect of hukou status on income and return to education under China's rural–urban divide. For labor-market return we find that: (1) the influence of hukou status is deeply rooted in an indivdual's other key features (occupation, years of schooling, and working location) in the labor market, and (2) hukou status affects labor-market return primarily through its influence on people's return to education. Assisted by spline regression models, we find that the gap of return to education among people with different hukou status increases as years of schooling decrease, and reaches its peak in primary education. The data overwhelmingly suggest that individuals' human capital was largely determined by the place (rural versus urban) where they were born and received their compulsory education, which highlights the role of China's rural–urban divide in shaping people's labor-market return.
Cartel Detection in Procurement Markets

Cartel detection is usually viewed as a key task of either competition authorities or compliance officials in firms with an elevated risk of cartelization. We argue that customers of hard core cartels can have both incentives and possibilities to detect such agreements on their own initiative through the use of market-specific data sets. We apply a unique data set of about 340,000 market transactions from 36 smaller and larger customers of German cement producers and show that a price screen would have allowed particularly larger customers to detect the upstream cement cartel before the competition authority. The results not only suggest that monitoring procurement markets through screening tools has the potential of substantial cost reductions - thereby improving the competitive position of the respective user firms - but also allow the conclusion that competition authorities should view customers of potentially cartelized industries as important allies in their endeavour to fight hard core cartels.
CD56bright cells differ in their KIR repertoire and cytotoxic features from CD56dim NK cells

In this study we present new differential characteristics of NK cells expressing CD56 surface antigen in low (CD56dim) or high (CD56bright) density. In contrast to CD56bright NK cells CD56dim cells express killer cell immunoglobulin (Ig)‐like receptors (KIR) such as CD158a, CD158b, and NKB1. However, c‐type lectin‐like receptors (KLR) CD94/NKG2 and CD161 are present on both subsets. The ability to form conjugates with susceptible targets is approximately twice as strongly pronounced in CD56dim vs. CD56bright NK cells. Last but not least, granules of CD56dim cells contain about tenfold more perforin and granzyme A enabling potentially more effective cytolysis compared to CD56bright NK cells. On the other hand, CD56bright NK cells are superior in producing the proinflammatory cytokines IFN‐γ (28.5% vs. 20.8%, p<0.05) and TNF‐α (28% vs. 15.8%, p<0.001). The differentNK cell populations retained their specific phenotype in vitro during culture in the presence of IL‐2 contradicting that they simply display different stages of maturity. Taken together our data support the view that CD56bright cells are specialized NK cells that regulate immunological response mechanisms rather by cytokine supply than by their cytotoxic potential. The poor cytolyticcapacity of CD56bright NK cells can be explained by weak ability in forming conjugates with target cells and low contents of perforin and granzyme A in their granules.
How is a Service Based on Service-dominant Design Superior to Goods-dominant Design?

Research suggests that service-dominant designs are superior to goods-dominant, but why? Few empirical studies have been conducted to explore the mechanisms and drivers of service exchange and value co-creation resulting in favorable customer experiences. This paper attempts to bridge that knowledge gap. Our aim is to answer two questions: (1) How is a service based on service-dominant logic (SDL) superior to one based on goods-dominant logic (GDL)? (2) Which aspects of the service system facilitate the co-creation of value-in-context as perceived by the customer? An experiment was carried out with a group of habitual bus travelers to plan a specific journey using two online journey planning systems, one representing a GDL informed service and the other SDL. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered regarding the subjects' perceived experiences with the two systems. The SDL informed service system offers a better experience due largely a consequence of three key differentiators. Our principal findings thus help to establish the empirical foundation for SDL and to identify the characteristics and behaviors that set the SDL-based service system apart from the GDL-based system.
Structural basis for potent inhibitory activity of the antibiotic tigecycline during protein synthesis

Here we present an X-ray crystallography structure of the clinically relevant tigecycline antibiotic bound to the 70S ribosome. Our structural and biochemical analysis indicate that the enhanced potency of tigecycline results from a stacking interaction with nucleobase C1054 within the decoding site of the ribosome. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies reveal that, during decoding, tigecycline inhibits the initial codon recognition step of tRNA accommodation and prevents rescue by the tetracycline-resistance protein TetM.
Low-Power Signal Component Separator for a 64-QAM 802.11 LINC Transmitter

A LINC transmitter provides linear amplification while employing two nonlinear high-efficiency power amplifiers. This work proposes a LINC architecture where the two constant-envelope components of the signal are separated in the baseband analog domain. The signal component separator can achieve a power consumption which is significantly lower than conventional digital implementations. A signal component separator for 64-QAM 802.11a/g Wireless LANs is implemented in a 0.25- mum CMOS process, the circuit occupies less than 0.1 and consumes 45 mW from the 2.5-V supply. The measured EVM, ACPR, and alternate-ACPR of the recombined signal components are , and , respectively.
Nucleation theory and the early stages of thin film growth

A review is given of nucleation and growth models as applied to the earliest stages of thin film growth. Rate equations, kinetic Monte Carlo, and level set simulations are described in some detail, with discussion of remaining uncertainties, in particular the functional form of the so-called capture numbers in rate equations. Recent examples are given of sub-monolayer nucleation at surface defects, attachment-limited capture, and Ostwald ripening. The experimental literature is cited, and experiment–theory comparisons are made where possible. Emphasis is given to fast computational models that can span a large range of length and time scales, which might be further developed in the direction of on-line process control.
Corporate entrepreneurship and small firms growth

Corporate Entrepreneurship (CE) is a growing area of research. Despite the growing interest in CE, there appears to be nothing near a consensus on what it is. The contributions of entrepreneurship and strategic management literature suggest the viability of integrating theoretical and empirical findings as means to better understand the conditions and relationships that are associated with CE. This study aims to identify the dimensions that may reflect the practice, the process, the organisational methods, and the style of decision making that small firms use. It has a particular interest in approaching the CE and the growth of small firms, having in mind the definition of a coherent theoretical framework of reference, which will lead to a broader understanding of the entrepreneurial process of small firms and verify the effects of those dimensions on growth. An empirical study was developed based on a stratified sample of Portuguese small firms from the manufacturing industry. The results suggest that dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), life cycle, resources and capabilities, motivation, and environment have an effect on the growth of small firms. It is still possible to conclude that the CE has, in fact, an important role because firms that grow better have the tendency to develop an EO.
Multi-N-phase SMPM drives

The paper presents an SMPM multi-n-phase electric drive for traction application. The whole drive, motor structure, converter structure and a PWM control strategy is proposed. In particular the drive control and the DC-link advantage of a multi-phase structure is investigated in a specific machine design. The possibility to strongly reduce the DC-link capacitor stress is presented thanks to a phase shift in the PWM carriers of different converters. A comparison analysis is given for the same motor wounded and supplied in three different ways also considering fault conditions.
Legitimacy and Efficiency in Planning Processes—(How) Does Wind Power Change the Situation?

Abstract In land-use planning processes there often exists a tension between, on the one hand, making efforts to increase the democratic legitimacy of the process and, on the other, ensuring efficiency in the procedures. This is not least relevant in the case of large-scale wind power where development decisions balance between the need to safe-guard local self-determination and the urgency of mitigating climate change. This paper investigates how the issue of legitimacy versus efficiency is managed within the national planning systems of Finland, Norway and Sweden when faced with the expansion of wind power and how the national strategies for wind power planning are perceived by different stakeholders. As the EU Renewable Energy Directives set the conditions for national policy in the field, the empirical work starts with an examination of these documents before moving on to a comparison of the national planning and permitting processes. The results show that the development of wind power has been moving planning procedures away from more inclusive planning methods in favour of more top-down and streamlined ones.
A Review of Web-Based Job Advertisements for Australian Event Management Positions

Abstract Strong growths in the Australian event management industry, ongoing technological changes and the internationalization of the market place has spurred the need for appropriately educated and trained event managers and for a re-evaluation of educational and job training curriculum to meet these new challenges. In order for Australia to position itself as a world leader in event management, it is important to provide consistent high professional standards and event managers that not only meet, but exceed the demands of the industry. While there is some literature that focuses on the tourism and leisure job market (Crossley, 1992; Keung & Pine, 2000), and a small but developing literature base that focuses on event management training (Harris & Jago, 1999; Hawkins & Goldbatt, 1995) relatively little consideration has been given to a national agenda for event management skilling. To provide an indication of current employer requirements, a nationwide study of job advertisements in event management has commenced. The aims of the study are to further the understanding of the educational needs and training requirements of the industry; to ascertain the learned skills and personal attributes sought from event managers; to determine the compatibility of industry demands with current educational and vocational provisions; and to suggest post-secondary institutional avenues through which event management education and training needs can be pursued. This is an ongoing study and it is hoped that it will contribute towards a broad scale understanding of the event management job market. More importantly, however, it can be used as the basis for curriculum evaluation and training needs, and create a better understanding and compatibility between event management education and industry practice. This paper reports the preliminary results from a content analysis of approximately 100 web-based job advertisements. E-mail alert accounts were established with several search engines to gather a sample of event management related job advertisements from around Australia. An analytical framework was devised for the analysis of the advertisements themselves. The results reveal several interesting trends including the geographical concentration of the event management job market, the range of industries that require event management specialists or event management skills, and a series of required skills and key attributes of event managers. The results of this study establish a platform from which to develop a classification of event management skills required by the industry.
Technology strategy in developing countries: evolving from comparative to competitive advantage

As a result of recent unprecedented technological advances and the current trend of trade liberalisation in the developing countries, businesses today have become truly global. There are no such things as local, protected markets any more, and no business is free from significant international competition. All enterprises, no matter where they are located, are affected in one way or another by global trends in an increasingly competitive world economy. However, this international economic competition is nowadays fought on the basis of acquired technological competencies, rather than locally available factor cost advantage. Thus, technology has emerged as a key resource of profound importance for sustaining corporate profitability. Even the enterprises in developing countries cannot remain isolated from the interdependent and competitive global business system, and have to use technology as a strategic variable for survival and growth. Therefore, this paper attempts to develop a framework for establishing an integrated technology-based competition strategy by enterprises in developing countries in line with the premise that a combination of lower-cost and technological-edge give rise to a real comparative advantage, which is essential for sustaining businesses under free-market competition. Four selected case studies from South Korea and Indonesia are included in the paper to show that, as markets deregulate and trade is liberalised, competition becomes more intense, but at the same time technological competitiveness also gives companies opportunities in the global markets if they are adequately prepared to evolve from factor-cost-based comparative advantage to technology-value based competitive advantage.
Benefits of FACTS for Power System Enhancement

The performance of power systems decreases with the size, the loading and the complexity of the networks. This is related to problems with load flow, power oscillations and voltage quality. Such problems are even deepened by the changing situations resulting from deregulation of the electrical power markets. The power systems have not been designed for wide-area power trading with daily varying load patterns where power flows do no more follow the initial planning criteria of the existing network configuration. Large blackouts in America and Europe confirmed clearly, that the favorable close electrical coupling might also include risk of uncontrollable cascading effects in large and heavily loaded interconnected systems. FACTS (flexible AC transmission systems), however, provide the necessary features to avoid technical problems in the power systems and they increase the transmission efficiency
A New Hybrid-parameter Recurrent Neural Networks for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition

The recurrent neural network (RNN) is appropriate for dealing with temporal sequences. In this paper, we present a deep RNN with new features and apply it for online handwritten Chinese character recognition. Compared with the existing RNN models, three innovations are involved in the proposed system. First, a new hidden layer function for RNN is proposed for learning temporal information better. we call it Memory Pool Unit (MPU). The proposed MPU has a simple architecture. Second, a new RNN architecture with hybrid parameter is presented, in order to increasing the expression capacity of RNN. The proposed hybrid-parameter RNN has parameter changes when calculating the iteration at temporal dimension. Third, we make a adaptation that all the outputs of each layer are stacked as the output of network. Stacked hidden layer states combine all the hidden layer states for increasing the expression capacity. Experiments are carried out on the IAHCC-UCAS2016 dataset and the CASIA-OLHWDB1.1 dataset. The experimental results show that the hybrid-parameter RNN obtain a better recognition performance with higher efficiency (fewer parameters and faster speed). And the proposed Memory Pool Unit is proved to be a simple hidden layer function and obtains a competitive recognition results.
Improvement of drug-induced chronic renal failure in lung transplantation.

BACKGROUND Nephrotoxicity is a frequently encountered adverse effect of calcineurin inhibitors (cyclosporine and tacrolimus)-combined immunosuppressive regimens. METHODS We have compared the glomerular filtration rate in 14 patients who underwent lung transplantation, before and after replacement of azathioprine by mycophenolate mofetil and reduction of associated calcineurin inhibitors doses. RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 16+/-4 months with the modified immunosuppressive regimen, the mean glomerular filtration rate increased by 20% with no change in lung function. CONCLUSION By its strong immunosuppressive effect, mycophenolate mofetil allows the decrease of associated calcineurin inhibitor doses, with subsequent improvement of renal function without jeopardizing the transplanted lung.
The Effects Of Teacher- And School-Level Factors On Teachers Participation In Professional Development Activities: The Role Of Principal Leadership

It is well reported in the literature that professional development activities have great potential to increase teachers competencies in different areas, resulting in greater learning opportunities for students. In Turkey, however, teachers participation in professional development activities is significantly lower compared to almost all developed countries. In this context, this study aims to explore the different teacher- and school-level factors associated with teachers participation in professional development activities in Turkey by using a nationally representative data set from the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) and employing a multi-level statistical analysis with Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). Results of the study show that several teacher- and school-level factors are significantly associated with teachers level of participation in professional development activities in Turkey. Specifically, the significant role of school principals in teachers professional development is explored. It is therefore suggested that school principals should be educated on the importance of in-service professional development activities for teachers and their significant role in this matter.