Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Fuel-Cell Vehicle Hybridization with Battery or Supercapacitor Storage Device

This paper studies the impact of fuel-cell (FC) performance and control strategies on the benefits of hybridization. One of the main weak points of the FC is slow dynamics dominated by a temperature and fuel-delivery system (pumps, valves, and, in some cases, a hydrogen reformer). As a result, fast load demand will cause a high voltage drop in a short time, which is recognized as a fuel-starvation phenomenon. Therefore, to employ an FC in vehicle applications, the electrical system must have at least an auxiliary power source to improve system performance when electrical loads demand high energy in a short time. The possibilities of using a supercapacitor or a battery bank as an auxiliary source with an FC main source are presented in detail. The studies of two hybrid power systems for vehicle applications, i.e., FC/battery and FC/supercapacitor hybrid power sources, are explained. Experimental results with small-scale devices (a polymer electrolyte membrane FC of 500 W, 40 A, and 13 V; a lead-acid battery module of 33 Ah and 48 V; and a supercapacitor module of 292 F, 500 A, and 30 V) in a laboratory authenticate that energy-storage devices can assist the FC to meet the vehicle power demand and help achieve better performance, as well as to substantiate the excellent control schemes during motor-drive cycles.
Runx1 Controls Terminal Morphology and Mechanosensitivity of VGLUT3-expressing C-Mechanoreceptors

VGLUT3-expressing unmyelinated low-threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs) are proposed to mediate pleasant touch and/or pain, but the molecular programs controlling C-LTMR development are unknown. Here, we performed genetic fate mapping, showing that VGLUT3 lineage sensory neurons are divided into two groups, based on transient or persistent VGLUT3 expression. VGLUT3-transient neurons are large- or medium-diameter myelinated mechanoreceptors that form the Merkel cell-neurite complex. VGLUT3-persistent neurons are small-diameter unmyelinated neurons that are further divided into two subtypes: (1) tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive C-LTMRs that form the longitudinal lanceolate endings around hairs, and (2) TH-negative neurons that form epidermal-free nerve endings. We then found that VGLUT3-persistent neurons express the runt domain transcription factor Runx1. Analyses of mice with a conditional knock-out of Runx1 in VGLUT3 lineage neurons demonstrate that Runx1 is pivotal to the development of VGLUT3-persistent neurons, such as the expression of VGLUT3 and TH and the formation of the longitudinal lanceolate endings. Furthermore, Runx1 is required to establish mechanosensitivity in C-LTMRs, by controlling the expression of the mechanically gated ion channel Piezo2. Surprisingly, both acute and chronic mechanical pain was largely unaffected in these Runx1 mutants. These findings appear to argue against the recently proposed role of VGLUT3 in C-LTMRs in mediating mechanical hypersensitivity induced by nerve injury or inflammation. Thus, our studies provide new insight into the genetic program controlling C-LTMR development and call for a revisit for the physiological functions of C-LTMRs.
Improving Power Generation Efficiency using Deep Neural Networks

Recently there has been significant research on power generation, distribution and transmission efficiency especially in the case of renewable resources. The main objective is reduction of energy losses and this requires improvements on data acquisition and analysis. In this paper we address these concerns by using consumers' electrical smart meter readings to estimate network loading and this information can then be used for better capacity planning. We compare Deep Neural Network (DNN) methods with traditional methods for load forecasting. Our results indicate that DNN methods outperform most traditional methods. This comes at the cost of additional computational complexity but this can be addressed with the use of cloud resources. We also illustrate how these results can be used to better support dynamic pricing.
Common and distinct neural mechanisms of the fundamental dimensions of social cognition

In the present study, we used a valence classification task to investigate the common and distinct neural basis of the two fundamental dimensions of social cognition (agency and communion) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results showed that several brain areas associated with mentalizing, along with the inferior parietal gyrus in the mirror system, showed overlap in response to both agentic and communal words. These findings suggest that both content categories are related to the neural basis of social cognition; further, several areas in the default mode network (DMN) showed similar deactivations between agency and communion, reflecting task-induced deactivation (TID). In terms of distinct activations, the findings indicated greater deactivations for communal than agentic content in the ventral anterior cingulate (vACC) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC). Communion also showed greater activation in some visual areas compared to agentic content, including occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus. These activations may reflect greater allocation of attentional resources to visual areas when processing communal content, or inhibition of cognitive activity irrelevant to task performance. If so, this suggests greater attention and engagement with communion-related content. The present research thus suggests common and differential activations for agency- versus communion-related content.
A comparison of strain rates and seismicity for Fennoscandia: depth dependency of deformation from glacial isostatic adjustment

SUMMARY We investigate the influence of the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) on the deformation at the surface and at seismogenic depths in Fennoscandia. The surface strain rate field, derived from geodetic data, is controlled by GIA which causes NW–SE extension of up to 4 × 10 −9 yr −1 in most of mainland Fennoscandia, surrounded by regions of radial shortening towards the centre of uplift. The seismic deformation field, derived from a new compilation of focal mechanisms, shows consistent NW–SE compression on the Norwegian continental margin and a tendency towards tension in mainland Fennoscandia. The seismic moment rate is at least two orders of magnitude smaller than the geodetic moment rate. We propose that the low level of seismicity and the tendency towards tensional focal mechanisms in mainland Fennoscandia may be explained by the destructive interference of the regional stress from ridge push with the flexural stress due to GIA.
Multi-scale analysis of contextual information within spatio-temporal video volumes for anomaly detection

In this paper, we present a novel approach for video anomaly detection in crowded scenes. The proposed approach detects anomalies based on the contextual information analysis within spatio-temporal video volume. Around each pixel, spatio-temporal volumes are built and clustered to construct the activity pattern codebook. Then, the composition information of the volumes within a large spatiotemporal window is described via a dictionary learned by sparse representation. Furthermore, multi-scale analysis is employed to adapt the size change of abnormal events. Finally, the sparse reconstruction cost is designed to evaluate the abnormal level of an input motion pattern. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method on the existing public available anomaly-detection datasets and the performance comparasion with three existing methods validates that the proposed method detects anomalies more accurately.
Trends toward the future in physical education

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Novelty Detection using Extreme Value

Extreme value theory (EVT) is a branch of statistics which concerns the distributions of data of unusually low or high value i.e. in the tails of some distribution. These extremal points are important in many applications as they represent the outlying regions of normal events against which we may wish to deene abnormal events. In the context of density modelling, novelty detection, or Radial-Basis function (RBF) systems points which lie outside of the range of expected extreme values may be agged as outliers. Whilst there has been interest in the area of novelty detection decisions as to whether a point is an outlier or not tend to be made on the basis of exceeding some (heuristic) threshold. In this paper it is shown that a more principled approach may be taken using extreme value statistics.
Knowledge Matters, but Culture is King (In Technology Acquisitions)

Research consistently identifies knowledge and culture as critical antecedents to success in focused technology acquisitions. Because such studies are typically observational, these constructs have been considered independently and within limited parametric values. Incorporating an agent-based simulation expanding on the March (1991) exploration-exploitation model, we show that there are marginally decreasing returns on knowledge appropriation, but non-decreasing linear returns on cultural appropriation. Our findings also show that combinations of appropriation strategies yield equivalent performance benefits. Gains are improved by insulating retained employees from any exploitive cultural influences. We confirm prior evidence of the “dual-edged” sword effects of cultural appropriation of acquiring underperforming firms.
Defining the Critical Material Attributes of Lactose Monohydrate in Carrier Based Dry Powder Inhaler Formulations Using Artificial Neural Networks

The study aimed to establish a function-based relationship between the physical and bulk properties of pre-blended mixtures of fine and coarse lactose grades with the in vitro performance of an adhesive active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Different grades of micronised and milled lactose (Lactohale (LH) LH300, LH230, LH210 and Sorbolac 400) were pre-blended with coarse grades of lactose (LH100, LH206 and Respitose SV010) at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 wt. %. The bulk and rheological properties and particle size distributions were characterised. The pre-blends were formulated with micronised budesonide and in vitro performance in a Cyclohaler device tested using a next-generation impactor (NGI) at 90 l/min. Correlations between the lactose properties and in vitro performance were established using linear regression and artificial neural network (ANN) analyses. The addition of milled and micronised lactose fines with the coarse lactose had a significant influence on physical and rheological properties of the bulk lactose. Formulations of the different pre-blends with budesonide directly influenced in vitro performance attributes including fine particle fraction, mass median aerodynamic diameter and pre-separator deposition. While linear regression suggested a number of physical and bulk properties may influence in vitro performance, ANN analysis suggested the critical parameters in describing in vitro deposition patterns were the relative concentrations of lactose fines % < 4.5 μm and % < 15 μm. These data suggest that, for an adhesive API, the proportion of fine particles below % < 4.5 μm and % < 15 μm could be used in rational dry powder inhaler formulation design.
Model Tree with Modified L1 Loss Function for Predicting Missing Attendance Data of Faculties

The problem of missing attendance data in our university often arises due to the negligence of faculties. In this study, we address the problem by directly predicting the work duration of faculties. The nature of the problem require us not only to make accurate predictions, but also to minimize the rate of overestimation. To address the problem, we propose the implementation of model tree with modified L1 loss function and simple prediction result reduction. Experimental results show that our proposed method is able to lower the overestimation rate while maintaining accuracy within acceptable range. Keywords—model tree; loss function; prediction; attendance
Modeling Ecological Risk, Health Promotion, and Prevention Program Effects for Rural Adolescents

Objective: Universal prevention programs such as Positive Action (PA) mitigate risk factors and enhance promotive factors, often leading to improved adolescent functioning and school climate. The current study used 5 waves of data to assess the impact of PA on adolescent mental health and perceptions of school climate 1 year after completion of the program in a sample of low-income, rural youth. Method: Following multiple imputation and propensity score analysis, we ran 4 (2-level) hierarchal linear models to examine program effects. Results: PA program participants reported significant increases in self-esteem and significant decreases in school hassles relative to youths who did not participate in PA. Participation in PA did not have a significant impact on internalizing symptoms or aggression. Risk factors across the adolescents’ ecology had a strong negative impact on the outcomes, and some promotive factors modestly bolstered adolescent functioning. Conclusions: Findings highlight the influence that risk factors—especially negative interpersonal conflicts—have on adolescent outcomes and indicate that, although PA can help improve adolescents’ perceptions of themselves and their school climate, the program might need to be tailored for use in low-income, rural areas.
N-Hydroxy-pyrroline Modification of Verapamil Exhibits Antioxidant Protection of the Heart against Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction without Compromising Its Calcium Antagonistic Activity

Any clinical intervention (e.g., coronary angioplasty, thrombolysis) used to reintroduce blood flow to an ischemic region of the myocardium is accompanied by a complex enzymatic cascade of reactions resulting in severe injury to the heart, termed myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we evaluated the ability of H-3010 (1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-([2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-methylamino)-2-isopropylpentyl)-amide), a pyrroline modification of verapamil (2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethylmethyl-amino]-2-(1-methylethyl)pentanenitrile), to protect the heart against I/R-mediated injury. Isolated perfused rat hearts pretreated with verapamil and H-3010 were subjected to 30 min of global no-flow ischemia followed by 45 min of reperfusion. The recovery (expressed as a percentage of preischemic baseline) in contractile function (left ventricular developed pressure) of hearts subjected to I/R was significantly higher in hearts treated with H-3010 at 5 μM (51.0 ± 6.4%) as well as at 50 μM (75.1 ± 7.4%) as compared with verapamil at 5 μM (32.2 ± 3.7%) or untreated control hearts (18.1 ± 2.8%). Creatine kinase release was significantly attenuated in hearts treated with H-3010 (45.7 ± 4.5 U/liter) as compared with untreated controls (131.5 ± 6.4 U/liter). Similar trends were also observed for lactate dehydrogenase release as well. A marked reduction in percent area of infarction was observed in the H-3010 group (11.7 ± 1.6%) compared with verapamil (25.1 ± 2.9%) and control (41.3 ± 1.9%) groups. Additional in vitro studies showed a marked decrease in reactive oxygen species generation with H-3010. In conclusion, our data clearly demonstrated that the verapamil derivative, H-3010, significantly decreased I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction. This can be attributed to the combined benefits of the pyrroline moiety (antioxidant) and the parent verapamil component (antiarrhythmic) in the protection of the heart from I/R-induced injury.
Ultrafast Finite-Element Analysis of Brushless PM Machines Based on Space–Time Transformations

A computationally efficient method is proposed for the steady-state performance simulation of brushless permanent-magnet (PM) motors. Only a minimum number of magnetostatic finite-element (FE) analysis (FEA) solutions are used in conjunction with space-time transformations, which are based on the periodicity specific to synchronous machines. For an example electronically controlled interior PM (IPM) motor with six teeth per pole and a distributed winding, a single nonlinear magnetostatic FE solution was employed to estimate the flux density time waveforms in the stator teeth and yoke. Other results include core losses, back electromotive force, and torque. The extension of the method to fractional-slot topologies with reduced number of teeth and concentrated (non-overlapping) coils is discussed with reference to a nine-slot six-pole IPM motor example. The computational time is reduced by one to two orders of magnitude as compared with more laborious time-stepping FEA. Successful validation was performed against experimental data and detailed FEA results.
A processing approach for a correlating time-of-flight range sensor based on a least squares method

A novel processing approach for the output data of a correlating time-of-flight range sensor based on a least squares method is presented. Until now, the fast Fourier transform and a trigonometric approach have been widely used to derive the distance information from the output signal of the sensor. Compared to these methods, the presented approach does not suffer from a systematic phase-dependent error for ideal signals. Moreover, this method allows the detection of multipath propagation, i.e., it is possible to detect if light from different distances is received at the same time. Under certain circumstances, it is even possible to extract the distances of the different paths. Simulation results are presented, comparing the performance of this novel approach to the existing ones. Moreover, first measurement results prove the feasibility of this method and show a reduction of the phase-dependent error by 90% compared to the alternative approaches.
Research of dielectric loss measurement method of wiener filtering and windowed Harmonics analysis based on wavelet transform

Aiming at the error of measuring dielectric loss angle in decrease Signal-to-Noise Ratio by windowed Harmonics analysis method, easy to cover up real value. It shares the dielectric loss measurement method based on wiener filtering of wavelet transform region. Via the excellent time-frequency analysis tools of wavelet transform, we pick-up basal frequency signal. And we calculate dielectric loss measurement angel by windowed Harmonics analysis method. Emulation result indicate that the method will increase measuring veracity more.
Ultrasound-induced gas release from contrast agent microbubbles

We investigated gas release from two hard-shelled ultrasound contrast agents by subjecting them to high-mechanical index (MI) ultrasound and simultaneously capturing high-speed photographs. At an insonifying frequency of 1.7 MHz, a larger percentage of contrast bubbles is seen to crack than at 0.5 MHz. Most of the released gas bubbles have equilibrium diameters between 1.25 and 1.75 /spl mu/m. Their disappearance was observed optically. Free gas bubbles have equilibrium diameters smaller than the bubbles from which they have been released. Coalescence may account for the long dissolution times acoustically observed and published in previous studies. After sonic cracking, the cracked bubbles stay acoustically active.
Claudin-7 Is Frequently Overexpressed in Ovarian Cancer and Promotes Invasion

Background Claudins are tight junction proteins that are involved in tight junction formation and function. Previous studies have shown that claudin-7 is frequently upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) along with claudin-3 and claudin-4. Here, we investigate in detail the expression patterns of claudin-7, as well as its possible functions in EOC. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 95 ovarian tissue samples (7 normal ovarian tissues, 65 serous carcinomas, 11 clear cell carcinomas, 8 endometrioid carcinomas and 4 mucinous carcinomas) were studied for claudin-7 expression. In real-time RT-PCR analysis, the gene for claudin-7, CLDN7, was found to be upregulated in all the tumor tissue samples studied. Similarly, immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting showed that claudin-7 protein was significantly overexpressed in the vast majority of EOCs. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of claudin-7 in ovarian cancer cells led to significant changes in gene expression as measured by microarrays and validated by RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Analyses of the genes differentially expressed revealed that the genes altered in response to claudin-7 knockdown were associated with pathways implicated in various molecular and cellular functions such as cell cycle, cellular growth and proliferation, cell death, development, and cell movement. Through functional experiments in vitro, we found that both migration and invasion were altered in cells where CLDN7 had been knocked down or overexpressed. Interestingly, claudin-7 expression was associated with a net increase in invasion, but also with a decrease in migration. Conclusion/Significance Our work shows that claudin-7 is significantly upregulated in EOC and that it may be functionally involved in ovarian carcinoma invasion. CLDN7 may therefore represent potential marker for ovarian cancer detection and a target for therapy.
Nature and frequency of medication errors in a geriatric ward: an Indonesian experience

Purpose To determine the nature and frequency of medication errors during medication delivery processes in a public teaching hospital geriatric ward in Bali, Indonesia. Methods A 20-week prospective study on medication errors occurring during the medication delivery process was conducted in a geriatric ward in a public teaching hospital in Bali, Indonesia. Participants selected were inpatients aged more than 60 years. Patients were excluded if they had a malignancy, were undergoing surgery, or receiving chemotherapy treatment. The occurrence of medication errors in prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, and administration were detected by the investigator providing in-hospital clinical pharmacy services. Results Seven hundred and seventy drug orders and 7,662 drug doses were reviewed as part of the study. There were 1,563 medication errors detected among the 7,662 drug doses reviewed, representing an error rate of 20.4%. Administration errors were the most frequent medication errors identified (59%), followed by transcription errors (15%), dispensing errors (14%), and prescribing errors (7%). Errors in documentation were the most common form of administration errors. Of these errors, 2.4% were classified as potentially serious and 10.3% as potentially significant. Conclusion Medication errors occurred in every stage of the medication delivery process, with administration errors being the most frequent. The majority of errors identified in the administration stage were related to documentation. Provision of in-hospital clinical pharmacy services could potentially play a significant role in detecting and preventing medication errors.