Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of ShuJinHuoXue Tablets on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury of Animals’ Skeletal Muscle

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) can lead to serious tissue oxidative injury in animals. ShuJinHuoXue tablet (SJHXT) is a Chinese Traditional Medicine which can relax the muscles and stimulate the blood circulation and has been used as a clinical medicine. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SJHXT pretreatment on oxidative injury using an animal model of acute limb IR. Results showed that SJHXT pre-treatment (200, 300 and 400 mg/kg/day) markedly reduced serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) levels and thromboxane B2/6-keto- prostaglandin F1α (TXB2/6-Keto-PGF1α), wet weight/dried weight (W/D) ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, and increased serum nitric oxide (NO), 6-Keto-PGF1α levels and NO/ET-1 ratio in the IR+SJHXT groups. In addition, the SJHXT pre-treatment (200, 300 and 400 mg/kg/day) markedly reduced skeletal muscle Ca2+, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increased Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Our results suggest that SJHXT pre-treatment may improve skeletal muscle blood vessel microcirculation, decrease skeletal muscle oxidative injury and enhance antioxidant enzymes activities in IR animals.
Influence of Short vs. Long Repetition Sprint Training on Selected Fitness Components in Young Soccer Players

Abstract Meckel, Y, Gefen, Y, Nemet, D, and Eliakim, A. Influence of short vs. long repetition sprint training on selected fitness components in young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 26(7): 1845–1851, 2012—The aim of this study was to compare the effect of short-sprint repetition and long-sprint repetition training (SST, LST), matched for total distance, on selected fitness components in young soccer players. Thirty young (14–15 years) soccer players were randomly assigned to either the short-sprint training group or long-sprint training group and completed 2 similar sets of fitness tests before and after 7 weeks of training. The 2 training programs consisted of SST (4–6 sets of 4 × 50-m all-out sprint) and LST (4–6 sets of 200-m run at 85% of maximum speed), each performed 3 times a week. Before training, there were no baseline between-group differences in predicted V[Combining Dot Above]O2max, standing long jump, 30-m sprint time, 4 × 10-m shuttle running time, and 250-m running time. Both training programs led to a significant improvement in V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (predicted from the 20-m shuttle run, p < 0.01), with no between-group difference (p = 0.14). Both training programs also led to a significant improvement in the anaerobic fitness variables of 30-m sprint time (p < 0.01), 4 × 10-m shuttle running time (p < 0.01), and 250-m running time (p < 0.01), with no between-group differences. Neither of the training programs had a significant effect on standing long jump (p = 0.21). The study showed that long, near-maximal sprints, and short, all-out sprint training, matched for total distance, are equally effective in enhancing both the aerobic and anaerobic fitness of young soccer players. Therefore, to maintain a player's training interest and enthusiasm, coaches may alternate between these methods during the busy soccer season.
Educational effects on ascertain dementia 8-item informant questionnaire to detect dementia in the Taiwanese population

ABSTRACT Background: Dementia screening is a public health priority in Taiwan, where the prevalence of dementia is increasing because of an aging population. However, the reasons affect community-dwelling people to accept a referral to memory specialist clinic after dementia screening was still unclear. To investigate the feasibility, acceptability, sensitivity, and specificity of the ascertain dementia 8-item informant questionnaire (AD8) to screen for patients with cognitive impairments in Taiwan's primary healthcare system. Methods: Researchers invited community-dwelling people whose age was above 50-year-old to attend the Memory Screening Project. AD8 was used to perform the informant interview with adult patients who were attending the Memory Screening Project in Taiwan. Individuals who scored ≥2 on the AD8 was suggested to accept referral for further cognitive performance evaluation tests, which included three validated dementia tests, i.e. the Mini-Mental Screening Examination (MMSE), the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), and the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Results: Of the 102 participants who scored ≥2 on the AD8, only 25.5% attended the referral appointment. In participants who had achieved six or more years of education, AD8 scores were not significantly different between groups and could not differentiate between the non-dementia and patients with dementia in the receiver-operator characteristics curve analysis. In contrast, in those participants who had received less than six years of education, the AD8 scores significantly differentiated between non-dementia and patients with dementia (p = 0.03). Conclusions: There was a low rate of attendance at a specialist memory clinic following referral after the AD8 interview. Higher levels of education facilitated individuals to make a decision to accept the recommended referral appointment, while the AD8 showed a higher rate of differentiation between individuals who had received an education of less than six years.
Regulation of chimeric phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes by the trans-dominant locus TSE1

Extinction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) gene expression in hepatoma x fibroblast hybrids is mediated by a trans-acting genetic locus designated tissue-specific extinguisher 1 (TSE1). To identify PCK gene sequences required for extinction, hepatoma transfectants expressing PCK-thymidine kinase (TK) chimeric genes were fused with TK- fibroblasts and PCK-TK expression in the resulting hybrids was monitored. Expression of a PCK-TK chimera containing PCK sequences between base pairs -548 and +73 was extinguished in four of five hepatoma transfectants tested, although hybrids derived from one transfectant clone failed to extinguish PCK-TK expression. In contrast, crosses between hepatoma transfectants expressing the herpesvirus TK gene from its own promoter and TK- fibroblasts produced TK+ hybrids; extinction of the transfected TK gene was not observed. Thus, rat PCK gene sequences between base pairs -548 and +73 are sufficient for tissue-specific extinction in hybrid cells. Extinction of PCK-TK gene expression in transfectant microcell hybrids mapped specifically to human chromosome 17, the site of human TSE1.
Update on proteomic studies of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues

ABSTRACT Introduction: This review is an update on recent progress in proteomic studies of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, which open the opportunity to investigate diseases and research potential biomarkers, particularly when availability of fresh/frozen tissues is low. Areas covered: We described improvement of existing protocols or the new ones regarding deparaffinization and protein extraction of FFPE samples published from 2014 to today. Moreover, the growing interest to use FFPE tissues for mass spectrometry imaging approach is presented together with the search of post-translational modifications. Expert opinion: In the last few years, the number of papers using FFPE tissues in proteomic analysis is growing. The interest to apply proteomic analysis to FFPE tissues lies in the easy accessibility of a great number of samples from archives. Nevertheless, standardization in the approach among the different researchers is not achieved, making essentially incomparable the results obtained. This limit should be overcome.
The Psychometric Properties of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills in Clinical Populations

The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) is a well-validated multidimensional questionnaire measuring dimensions of mindfulness on four scales: Observing, Describing, Act With Awareness, and Accept Without Judgment. Even though the KIMS has been used in several clinical studies no information is available about the psychometric properties in different clinical samples. The present study includes two clinical samples: a German sample of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, or major depression and an English sample of people diagnosed with recurrent depression. Results of confirmatory factor analysis offer good support for the hypothesized model of four correlated factors, whereas the model of one general underlying mindfulness factor as a second order construct was not confirmed. Furthermore, our analyses revealed that the KIMS scales show high internal consistency and that all KIMS scales are sensitive to change in a subsample of participants taking part in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy.
Triage to Observation: A Quality Improvement Initiative for Chest Pain Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a rapid admission protocol for chest pain patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) on ED length-of-stay (LOS). In this study, ED LOS was defined as the time from triage check-in until the time the patient physically leaves the ED. The purpose of this quality improvement study was to decrease ED crowding. Methods: This is a single-center prospective cohort study performed as a quality improvement initiative. This study implemented a rapid admission protocol for patients who were at moderate risk for a major adverse cardiac event based on the HEART score. When a patient presented to the ED through triage with a chief complaint of chest pain, this protocol allowed the provider-in-triage (PIT) to identify eligible patients for potential rapid admission to the hospital’s clinical decision unit (CDU). The PIT would complete a rapid medical screening examination, initiate the patient’s workup, and call the CDU providers to further evaluate the patient. By identifying these patients early, the lengthy ED chest pain workup contributing to longer ED LOS could then be completed in the CDU. Results: The total number of patients seen in the ED over the study period was 34,251. The total number of patients admitted to the CDU during the study period was 1,442. The PIT identified 13 patients for rapid admission to the CDU during the study period. These patients had a statistically significant reduction in ED LOS (P < 0.001). ED LOS was also adjusted to identify delays in patient movement resulting in a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Implementation of a rapid admission protocol for chest pain patients at moderate risk for a major adverse cardiac event resulted in a reduction in ED LOS. Adjusted ED LOS was also significant, highlighting a delay in patient movement from the ED to the CDU indicating continued barriers affecting ED holding times.
Brain and spine melanotic schwannoma: A rare occurrence and diagnostic dilemma

Purpose Melanotic schwannoma (MS) was formerly known as a rare variant of schwannoma. The behavior of MS is unpredictable, with a tendency for recurrence and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to illustrate the imaging characteristics of these rare and misdiagnosed tumors. The prognosis of MS is discussed, along with the importance of follow-up exams to assess for recurrence and metastasis. Furthermore, we compare our results with those previously published on MS in order to have a better understanding of this rare entity. Methods Three MS cases were encountered between 2008 and 2015 at our institute. All available data were reviewed, including the clinical history, imaging findings, operative notes, and the histopathology results. A follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was also reviewed up to 23 months post surgery to assess for recurrence. Results Three cases of MS are included: one in the brain and two in the spine. The brain lesion was in the occipital region. The spine lesions were thoracic intramedullary and sacral intradural. All cases were hypointense on T2-weighted imaging. Gross total resection was achieved for all lesions without adjuvant therapy. To date, the brain lesion recurred 15 months after surgery. Conclusions MS is a rare and distinct entity rather than a variant of schwannoma, and it poses both diagnostic and management dilemmas. Although MS has characteristic MRI features, including T1 and T2 shortening, the preoperative diagnosis is always challenging. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for management planning, including long-term follow-up exams to assess for recurrence and metastasis.
Orthotists’ and physical therapists’ perspectives on quality of care indicators for persons with custom ankle-foot orthoses

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe the priorities of orthotists and physical therapists about quality measurement themes, and the feasibility and utility of collecting data from persons using custom AFOs that could inform quality measure development. Materials and Methods: Online survey assessed respondents’ perspectives and experiences. An Advisory Committee representing professional, organizational, and accreditor groups distributed survey invitations. Results: 461 orthotists and 153 physical therapists completed part or all of the survey; 60% rated 9 quality themes and 20 quality of care topics as extremely important, and 12 standard instruments as feasible and good to use for quality measurement. Patients were the preferred source of information for ease of scheduling, device weight, ease of donning and doffing, adherence to device use, beneficial effects, activity level and independence, and quality of life. Clinicians were the preferred source for material quality, device modifiability, and joint range of motion. Facility records were the preferred source for timeliness of device delivery and clinician follow-up. Respondents reported that gait speed and walking endurance were best obtained by patient performance. Conclusions: Results provide insight on the topics orthotists and physical therapists regard as priorities for defining healthcare quality for persons using custom ankle-foot orthoses and instruments for data collection.
Editorial: The Sacredness of Surgery.

The fact that many patients seem to prefer surgery over nonsurgical approaches [15] strikes both of us as strange. It may be simply a function of which patients— among all of those who have symptoms—decide to come see a specialist, or who are referred to one. The “preference” for surgery that some attribute to patients may instead be driven by how surgeons (and even family doctors, before the surgical visit) present the options [14], which may itself be influenced by factors other than which option is healthiest [20]. But we believe something deeper is at work. When a person encounters a physical limitation or experiences pain, the urge to find a fast fix can be nearly irresistible. Based on this drive, patients will make (and physicians will endorse) surgical decisions that sometimes look like magical thinking. Andwithout getting overly mystical, we think the way to avoid making these bad decisions is to recall the sacredness of the surgeon-patient covenant. But before we come to that, let’s first explore how the bad choices get made.
Implementing a Clinical Practice Guideline on Opioid-Induced Advancing Sedation and Respiratory Depression

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Background: Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) is a serious adverse reaction associated with opioid administration. Local Problem: The purpose of this quality improvement study was to evaluate the impact of implementing a clinical practice guideline for OIRD in a medical-surgical setting lacking standardized monitoring techniques and reporting criteria for patients receiving opioid analgesia. Methods: An American Society for Pain Management Nursing protocol was implemented in 4 medical/surgical units. The impact on OIRD-related nurse knowledge, documentation, and opioid-related rapid response calls was measured pre- and postimplementation. Results: Nurse OIRD-related knowledge significantly increased. The number of naloxone administrations associated with prior intravenous opioid analgesic administration did not significantly change. However, there was a significant decrease in the postimplementation number of respiratory distress–related rapid response calls. Conclusions: Implementation of the American Society for Pain Management Nursing guidelines had a positive impact on knowledge, documentation, early intervention of OIRD, and the number of opioid-related rapid response calls.
Roles and Positions of Knowledge Flow of Companies in the Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Industry

Silicone hydrogel contact lens manufacturers do not only invest in research and development but also absorb the technical knowledge of their competitors. It is an important issue to recognize the position and role on the technological network. This study first combines the in-degree centrality, out-degree centrality, and eigenvector centrality of the patent search network into two variables of activeness and passiveness by principal component analysis. The authors then decide on cluster counts and classify all companies into these clusters by a twostage analysis. The first stage contains variance ratio criteria and 1-way MANOVA to decide on three clusters and the second-stage groups by Activeness and Passiveness as cluster variables of Kmeans clustering and tests significance of these three positions by MANOVA. This study finds out that the roles of these three positions are knowledge absorber, knowledge producer and knowledge inertia.
An update on neurocritical care for intracerebral hemorrhage

ABSTRACT Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage remains one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide with few established interventions that improve neurologic outcome. Research dedicated to better understanding and treating hemorrhagic strokes has multiplied in the past decade. Areas Covered: This review aims to discuss the current landscape of management of intracerebral hemorrhage in a critical care setting and provide updates regarding developments in therapeutic interventions and targets. PubMed was utilized to review recent literature, with a focus on large trials and meta-analyses, which have shaped current practice. Published committee guidelines were also included. A focus was placed on research published after 2015 in an effort to supplement previous reviews included in this publication. Expert Opinion: Literature pertaining to ICH management has allowed for a greater understanding of ineffective strategies as opposed to those of benefit. Despite this, mortality has improved worldwide, which may be the result of growing research efforts. Areas of future research that will impact mortality and improve neurologic outcomes include prevention of hematoma expansion, optimization of blood pressure targets, effective coagulopathy reversal, and minimally invasive surgical techniques to reduce hematoma burden.
Genome Sequence of Deep-Sea Manganese-Oxidizing Bacterium Marinobacter manganoxydans MnI7-9

ABSTRACT Here we report the draft genome of Marinobacter manganoxydans MnI7-9, isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the Indian Ocean and capable of oxidizing manganese even when there is a very high concentration of Mn2+. The strain also displayed high resistance and adsorption ability toward many metal(loid)s.
Neuron-specific Mafb knockout causes growth retardation accompanied by an impaired growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis

Mammalian postnatal growth is regulated primarily by the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis. MafB is a basic leucine zipper (bZip) transcription factor that has pleiotropic functions. Although MafB plays a critical role in fetal brain development, such as in guidance for hindbrain segmentation, its postnatal role in neurons remains to be elucidated. To investigate this, we used neuron-specific Mafb conditional knockout (cKO) mice. In addition to an approximately 50% neonatal viability, the Mafb cKO mice exhibited growth retardation without apparent signs of low energy intake. Notably, serum IGF-I levels of these mice in the postnatal stage were lower than those of control mice. They seemed to have a neuroendocrine dysregulation, as shown by the upregulation of serum GH levels in the resting state and an inconsistent secretory response of GH upon administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone. These findings reveal that neuronal MafB plays an important role in postnatal development regulated by the GH/IGF-I axis.
Dynamic clamping human and rabbit atrial calcium current: narrowing I CaL window abolishes early afterdepolarizations

Early‐afterdepolarizations (EADs) are abnormal action potential oscillations and a known cause of cardiac arrhythmias. Ventricular EADs involve reactivation of a Ca2+ current (ICaL) in its ‘window region’ voltage range. However, electrical mechanisms of atrial EADs, a potential cause of atrial fibrillation, are poorly understood. Atrial cells were obtained from consenting patients undergoing heart surgery, as well as from rabbits. ICaL was blocked with nifedipine and then a hybrid patch clamp/mathematical‐modelling technique, ‘dynamic clamping’, was used to record action potentials at the same time as injecting an artificial, modifiable, ICaL (ICaL,D‐C). Progressively widening the ICaL,D‐C window region produced EADs of various types, dependent on window width. EAD production was strongest upon moving the activation (vs. inactivation) side of the window. EADs were then induced by a different method: increasing ICaL,D‐C amplitude and/or K+ channel‐blockade (4‐aminopyridine). Narrowing of the ICaL,D‐C window by ∼10 mV abolished these EADs. Atrial ICaL window narrowing is worthy of further testing as a potential anti‐atrial fibrillation drug mechanism.
Gut and immune effects of bioactive milk factors in preterm pigs exposed to prenatal inflammation.

Prenatal inflammation may predispose to preterm birth and postnatal inflammatory disorders, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Bioactive milk ingredients may help to support gut maturation in such neonates, but mother´s milk is often insufficient after preterm birth. We hypothesized that supplementation with bioactive ingredients from bovine milk (osteopontin, OPN; caseinoglycomacropeptide, CGMP; colostrum, COL) supports gut, immunity and NEC resistance in neonates born preterm after gram-negative infection before birth. Using preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants, fetal pigs were given intra-amniotic injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg/fetus) and delivered three days later (90% gestation). For five days, groups of LPS-exposed pigs were fed formula (FOR), bovine colostrum (COL), or formula enriched with OPN or CGMP. LPS induced intra-amniotic inflammation, postnatal systemic inflammation but limited effects on postnatal gut parameters and NEC. Relative to FOR, COL feeding to LPS-exposed pigs showed less diarrhea, NEC severity, reduced gut IL-1β and IL-8 levels, greater gut goblet cell density and digestive enzyme activities, and blood helper T cell fraction. CGMP improved neonatal arousal, gut lactase activities and reduced LPS-induced IL-8 secretion in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in vitro. Finally, OPN tended to reduce diarrhea and stimulated IEC proliferation in vitro. No effects on villus morphology, circulating cytokines or colonic microbiota were observed among groups. In conclusion, bioactive milk ingredients exerted only modest effects on gut and systemic immune parameters in preterm pigs exposed to prenatal inflammation. Short-term, prenatal exposure to inflammation may render the gut less sensitive to immune-modulatory milk effects.