Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The power spectrum amplitude from clusters revisited: σ8 using simulations with pre-heating and cooling

The amplitude of density perturbations, for the currently-favoured ACDM cosmology, is constrained using the observed properties of galaxy clusters. The catalogue used is that of Ikebe et al. The relation of cluster temperature to mass is obtained via N-body/hydrodynamical simulations including radiative cooling and pre-heating of cluster gas, which we have previously shown to reproduce well the observed temperature-mass relation in the innermost parts of clusters. We generate and compare mock catalogues via a Monte Carlo method, which allows us to constrain the relation between X-ray temperature and luminosity, including its scatter, simultaneously with cosmological parameters. We find a luminosity-temperature relation in good agreement with the results of Ikebe et al., while for the matter power spectrum normalization, we find sigma8 = 0.78(-0.06)(+0.30) at 95 per cent confidence for Ohm(0) = 0.35. Scaling to the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe central value of Ohm(0) = 0.27 would give a best-fitting value of sigma(8) similar or equal to 0.9.
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Comment on " How effective and efficient are multiobjective evolutionary algorithms at hydrologic model calibration? " by Y. 179 In a recent paper by Tang, Reed and Wagener (2006, hereafter referred to as TRW) a comparison assessment was presented of three state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms for multiobjective calibration of hydrologic models. Through three illustrative case studies, TRW demonstrate that the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) and Epsilon Dominance Nondominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm (ε-NSGAII) 5 achieve a better performance than the Multi-objective Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis algorithm (MOSCEM-UA), previously developed by us and presented in Vrugt et al. (2003). I would like to congratulate TRW with their paper, which I believe provides a strong and valuable contribution to the field of hydrologic model calibration. However, I wish to differ in opinion about some of the main conclusions pre-10 sented in their paper, especially with respect to the seemingly inferior performance of the MOSCEM-UA algorithm. The results presented in TRW were obtained using uniform random sampling of the initial parameter space. Such a sampling strategy is widely used within the water resources and computational science literature, and expresses a situation where very 15 little prior information is available about the location of the Pareto optimal solution set. The initial sample is subsequently iteratively improved using the various algorithmic steps in the employed evolutionary algorithm. It is however possible to significantly improve the efficiency and robustness of evolutionary search for case studies (2) and (3) reported in TRW if we first attempt to create an initial sample that approximates 20 the Pareto tradeoff surface as closely as possible. In our original paper (Vrugt et al., 2003) we suggest such an innovative approach by first locating the theoretical ends of the Pareto set using classical single objective optimization, and to use uniform random sampling over this hypercube of optimized solutions to create the initial population of points. The results presented in Vrugt et al. (2003) have demonstrated that this search 25 strategy provides a computational efficient and robust alternative to multiobjective optimization. It is surprising however that TRW have not considered this second or alternative optimization strategy in their paper. If correctly implemented, this search strategy 180
New Technology Complex for ITER TF and PF Cables and TF Conductors Production

Complex through technology, developed in JSC VNIIKP for serial production of ITER PF and TF cables and TF conductors, is described. This technology was developed as a result of performing some R&D programs on selecting cabling parameters, definition of automatic TIG welding of seamless jacket section, elaboration of cable insertion, compaction and winding process. Fitting of the complex with technological equipment and control devices are also described. Two short qualification TF conductor samples (on the base of internal-tin superconducting strands and with strands manufactured by bronze technology) were made and successfully tested on ¿SULTAN¿ test facilities. New technologic complex was developed within JSC VNIIKP for realization of this technology. It consists of: (1) Departments for copper and superconducting strands surface cleaning and Cr- and Ni-plating; (2) Cabling workshop; (3) Jacketing line equipped with full production machinery and test devices. First dummy conductor with copper strands cable was jacketed and tested this year on modified jacketing line.
Efficiency Optimization of Two-Asymmetrical-Winding Induction Motor Based on Swarm Intelligence

In this paper, applying field orientation based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) controls the speed of two-asymmetrical-winding induction motor. The maximum efficiency of the motor is obtained by the evaluation of optimal rotor flux at any operating point. In addition, the electromagnetic torque is also improved while maintaining a fast dynamic response. In this research, a novel approach is used to evaluate the optimal rotor flux level. This approach is based on PSO. This research presents two speed control strategies. These are field-oriented controller (FOC) and FOC based on PSO. The strategies are implemented mathematically and experimentally. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the FOC based on PSO method saves more energy than the conventional FOC method.
Relationship between utilization of proline and proline-containing peptides and growth of Lactococcus lactis

Proline, which is the most abundant residue in beta-casein, stimulates growth of Lactococcus lactis in a proline-requiring strain (Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Wg2) and in a proline-prototrophic strain (Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis ML3). Both strains lack a proline-specific uptake system, and free proline can enter the cell only by passive diffusion across the cytoplasmic membrane. On the other hand, lactococci can actively take up proline-containing peptides via the lactococcal di- and tripeptide transport system, and these peptides are the major source of proline. Consequently, lactococcal growth on amino acid-based media is highly stimulated by the addition of proline-containing di- and tripeptides. Growth of L. lactis subsp. lactis ML3 on chemically defined media supplemented with casein does not appear proline limited. Addition of dipeptides (including proline-containing peptides) severely inhibits growth on a casein-containing medium, which indicates that the specific growth rate is determined by the balanced supply of different di- or tripeptides which compete for the same di- and tripeptide transport system.
Evidence behind the WHO guidelines: hospital care for children. What are the clinical indicators of PCP?

The World Health Organization has produced guidelines for the management of common illnesses in hospitals with limited resources. This series reviews the scientific evidence behind WHO’s recommendations. The WHO guidelines, and more reviews are available at http://www.ichrc. org The WHO Pocketbook of Hospital Care for Children recommends that PCP should be presumptively diagnosed in any child who has severe or very severe pneumonia and bilateral interstitial infiltrates on chest X-ray. Consider the possibility of pneumocystis pneumonia in children, known or suspected to have HIV, whose ordinary pneumonia does not respond to treatment. Pneumocystis pneumonia occurs most frequently in infants and is often associated with hypoxia. Fast breathing is the most common presenting sign, respiratory distress is out of proportion with chest findings, fever is often mild. Peak age is 4–6 months.
[Moderators of outcome in a text messaging (SMS)--based smoking cessation intervention for young people].

BACKGROUND The results of a cluster randomised trial testing the efficacy of a text messaging (SMS)-based program for smoking cessation in vocational school students showed no short-term effects on smoking cessation; however the program resulted in lower cigarette consumption. Furthermore, occasional smokers of the intervention group made more attempts to quit smoking than occasional smokers in the control group. METHODS Moderator analyses were conducted to test whether program efficacy differed according to demographic, health- and smoking-related baseline variables of the participants. RESULTS In daily smokers, reduction of cigarette consumption was not moderated by any of the examined baseline variables. In occasional smokers, age moderated the reduction of cigarette consumption, with a higher reduction in older students. In the subgroup of daily smokers, the intervention more often resulted in progress on the stages of health behaviour change in male smokers and in smokers with at risk drinking. Furthermore, the intervention resulted in more serious quit attempts in daily smokers aged 18 years or older. CONCLUSION The results provide information on subgroups, which particularly benefit from participation in the SMS-program.
Can Critical-Point Paths Under  ${\ell}_{{p}}$ -Regularization  $(0<p<1)$  Reach the Sparsest Least Squares Solutions?

The solution path of the least square problem under ℓp-regularization (0 <; p <; 1) is studied, where the Lagrangian multiplier λ due to the constraint is the parameter of the path. It is first proven that the least square solution of an unconstrained overdetermined linear system is connected with the origin, under a mild condition, by a continuous path of critical points of an ℓp-regularized squared error function. Based on this fact, it is proven that every sparsest least square solution of an underdetermined system is connected with the origin by a critical-point path. The existence theorem holds more generally for any least square solution whose support has its associated submatrix of the fat sensing matrix be full column rank. This is a sufficient condition for the existence, and allows to reduce the underdetermined problem to an overdetermined one with the off-support variable(s) nullified. A necessary condition is that the gradient of the ℓp regularizer with respect to the support variables lies in the row space of the submatrix (which is not necessarily full column rank).
Effects of Familism and Family Cohesion on Problem Behaviors Among Adolescents in Mexican Immigrant Families in the Southwest United States

This study used baseline data from the Southwest sample of the Latino Acculturation and Health Project to examine whether familism and cohesion are related to problem behaviors in a sample of Mexican and Mexican-American adolescents in the Southwest United States. This study is important to practitioners and prevention and intervention researchers because it examines buffers to problem behaviors among an increasingly at-risk population. The results confirm that familism is a powerful protective factor against aggressive behavior, conduct problems, and rule-breaking in this sample. The results draw attention to the importance of family among Mexican and Mexican-American families. Family cohesion, however, was found to be protective against conduct problems and rule-breaking but not aggressive behavior. Possible explanations for this result are discussed. Additional findings suggest that adolescents who have the ability to navigate between culture of origin and mainstream culture are also protected against some problem behaviors.
‘That really hit me hard’: moving beyond passive anti‐racism to engage with critical race literacy pedagogy

This study interrogates how understandings about racism and anti‐racism are constructed through interactions with students as well as peers in preservice teacher education contexts towards a closer understanding of racial literacy as both a personal and pedagogical tool. Critical race literacy pedagogy – a subset of the approaches known as multicultural education, culturally responsive teaching, and anti‐racist teaching – is a set of tools to practice racial literacy in school settings with children, peers, colleagues, and so forth. In this article, I explore the construction of critical race literacy pedagogy for one white preservice teacher in a U.S. teacher education program through two engagements with literacy pedagogy: a reading lesson with two African American students and the discussion of a children's literature text in a teacher education book club. Through the critical, mediated discourse analysis of these two engagements, we see that for Kelly, the process of enacting racial literacy in a read.
Management Selection in Australia: A Comparison with British and French Findings

The present study provided data on the cross-national use of management selection methods by collecting information from the Australian context. The data is compared with the British and French findings obtained by Shackleton and Newell (1991). A total of 254 companies (53.4%) responded to the survey. The overall pattern of results indicated that Australian management selection methods were closer to the British than to the French findings. Compared to previous Australian studies, the present data indicated that the main selection tools being used are unchanged. Some evidence was found that selection methods may differ within organizations comprising the private sector and between the private and public sector. The business sector made significantly greater use of cognitive testing and assessment centres compared to manufacturing, retail and government sectors. The government sector reported a significant difference in using two or three interviewers. It is proposed that, although surveys of this type have been useful as general reviews of the area, future research would benefit by collecting: (1) data on the specific measures used, (2) distinguishing between internal and external recruitment, (3) distinguishing between private and public sector recruitment, and (4) ensuring respondents have the same conceptual understanding of the selection methods covered by the survey.
EVENT AND AGENT: TOWARD A STRUCTURAL THEORY OF JOB SATISFACTION

This study evaluates a theory of job satisfaction based on two facets: event and agent. These two facets were derived from a study by Schneider and Locke (1971). In the present study, event and agent were conceptualized as two domain facets of a content universe of job satisfaction. On the basis of the above definition, a radex structure was hypothesized. 104 employees from 8 different industrial organizations in Israel were interviewed. They rated (a) their job satisfaction with respect to 11 job factors, and (b) their conception of influence upon these job factors. The intercorrelation matrix of job satisfaction was treated by a Guttman Smallest Space Analysis. The empirical space was interpreted for each facet individually, and then jointly. It is apparent that when job satisfaction is defined by two domain facets, the radex structure is confirmed.
Longitudinal growth of infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Abstract Objective To prospectively evaluate growth parameters assessed by weight and length in infected and uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers and followed from birth to 18 months. Methods A cohort consisting of ninety-seven uninfected and forty-two infected infants born to HIV-infected mothers enrolled from 1995 to 2004, and admitted during their first 3 months of life at a referral Pediatric AIDS Clinic in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Infants were followed until 18 months of age. Data were analysed using mixed-effects linear regression models for weight and length fitted by restricted maximum likelihood. Results Infected infants contributed to 466 weight and 411 recumbent length measurements. Uninfected infants provided 924 weight and 907 length measurements. Mean birth weight and length were similar in both groups, 3·1 (sd 0·4) and 3·0 (sd 0·5) kg, and 48·7 (sd 1·4) and 48·8 (sd 2·9) cm for uninfected and infected infants, respectively. However, HIV-1 infection had an early impact in growth impairment: at 6 months of age, HIV-infected children were 1 kg lighter and 2 cm shorter than the uninfected. Conclusions Growth faltering in weight, but not length, in HIV-infected children in Brazil is more marked than that reported in a European cohort, probably reflecting background nutritional deficiencies and concomitant infections. In these settings, early and aggressive nutritional management in HIV-1-infected infants should be a priority intervention associated with the antiretroviral therapy.
Local Signal Time-Series during Rest Used for Areal Boundary Mapping in Individual Human Brains

It is widely thought that resting state functional connectivity likely reflects functional interaction among brain areas and that different functional areas interact with different sets of brain areas. A method for mapping areal boundaries has been formulated based on the large-scale spatial characteristics of regional interaction revealed by resting state functional connectivity. In the present study, we present a novel analysis for areal boundary mapping that requires only the signal timecourses within a region of interest, without reference to the information from outside the region. The areal boundaries were generated by the novel analysis and were compared with those generated by the previously-established standard analysis. The boundaries were robust and reproducible across the two analyses, in two regions of interest tested. These results suggest that the information for areal boundaries is readily available inside the region of interest.
A new approach for main path analysis: Decay in knowledge diffusion

Main path analysis is a powerful tool for extracting the backbones of a directed network and has been applied widely in bibliometric studies. In contrast to the no‐decay assumption in the traditional approach, this study proposes a novel technique by assuming that the strength of knowledge decays when knowledge contained in one document is passed on to another document down the citation chain. We propose three decay models, arithmetic decay, geometric decay, and harmonic decay, along with their theoretical properties. In general, results of the proposed decay models depend largely on the local structure of a citation network as opposed to the global structure in the traditional approach. Thus, the significance of citation links and the associated documents that are overemphasized by the global structure in the traditional no‐decay approach is treated more properly. For example, the traditional approach commonly assigns high value to documents that heavily reference others, such as review articles. Specifically in the geometric and harmonic decay models, only truly significant review articles will be included in the resulting main paths. We demonstrate this new approach and its properties through the DNA literature citation network.
Wound Healing Potential of Chlorogenic Acid and Myricetin-3-O-β-Rhamnoside Isolated from Parrotia persica

Wound healing is a complex physiological process that is controlled by a well-orchestrated cascade of interdependent biochemical and cellular events, which has spurred the development of therapeutics that simultaneously target these active cellular constituents. We assessed the potential of Parrotia persica (Hamamelidaceae) in wound repair by analyzing the regenerative effects of its two main phenolic compounds, myricetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside and chlorogenic acid. To accomplish this, we performed phytochemical profiling and characterized the chemical structure of pure compounds isolated from P. persica, followed by an analysis of the biological effects of myricetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside and chlorogenic acid on three cell types, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Myricetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside and chlorogenic acid exhibited complementary pro-healing properties. The percentage of keratinocyte wound closure as measured by a scratch assay was four fold faster in the presence of 10 µg/mL chlorogenic acid, as compared to the negative control. On the other hand, myricetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside at 10 µg/mL was more effective in promoting fibroblast migration, demonstrating a two-fold higher rate of closure compared to the negative control group. Both compounds enhanced the capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells in an in vitro angiogenesis assay. Our results altogether delineate the potential to synergistically accelerate the fibroblastic and remodelling phases of wound repair by administering appropriate amounts of myricetin-3-O-β-rhamnoside and chlorogenic acid.
On-chip detection of wild 3R, 4R and mutant 4R tau through kinesin-microtubule binding

We report the successful demonstration of an on-chip tau detection system based on the difference in landing rate and binding density of microtubules (MTs) on a kinesin surface. Tau detection device comprises of a MT reservoir, channel and collector region with an overhang structure. We assayed MTs decorated with three tau types in the kinesin coated device. Since the increase in fluorescence intensity (FI) at the collector regions reflected the type of tau decorated on MTs, thus by measuring the FI we were able to distinguish wild 3R, 4R and P301L mutant tau.
Estimation of the Effective Medium for Planar Microstrip Antennas on a Dielectric and Magnetic Truncated Substrate

This letter proposes a simple formula to estimate the effective medium of planar microstrip antennas printed on a magneto-dielectric truncated substrate. The proposed empirical formulas shown in this letter yield a good accuracy with a maximum error of less than 7% for a permittivity between 1-10, a permeability between 1-10, and a ratio 0.01 <; h/W <; 0.25. These proposed empirical models are validated by electromagnetic simulations and measurements.
Spectral Energy Distributions and Age Estimates of 172 Globular Clusters in M31

In this paper, we present CCD multicolor photometry for 172 globular clusters (GCs), taken from the Bologna catalog (Battistini et al., published in 1987), in the nearby spiral galaxy M31. The observations were carried out by using the National Astronomical Observatories' 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope in 13 intermediate-band filters, which covered a range of wavelengths from 3800 to 10,000 Å. This provides a multicolor map of M31 in pixels of 1. ″7 × 1. ″7. By aperture photometry, we obtain the spectral energy distributions for these GCs. Using the relationship between the Beijing-Arizona-Taiwan-Connecticut intermediate-band system used for the observations and the UBVRI broadband system, the magnitudes in the B and V bands are derived. The computed V and B-V are in agreement with the values given by Battistini et al. and Barmby et al. (published in 2000). Finally, by comparing the photometry of each GC with theoretical stellar population synthesis models, we estimate ages of the sample GCs for different metallicities. The results show that nearly all our sample GCs have ages of more than 109 yr, and most of them are around 1010 yr old. In addition, we find that GCs fitted by the metal-poor model are generally older than ones fitted by the metal-rich model.