Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Light-Activated Phytochrome A and B Interact with Members of the SPA Family to Promote Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis by Reorganizing the COP1/SPA Complex

SPA proteins interact with phyA and phyB within nuclear bodies; light-induced binding of phyA and phyB to SPA proteins likely disrupts direct interaction of COP1 and SPAs, resulting in initiation of photomorphogenic development. Phytochromes function as red/far-red photoreceptors in plants and are essential for light-regulated growth and development. Photomorphogenesis, the developmental program in light, is the default program in seed plants. In dark-grown seedlings, photomorphogenic growth is suppressed by the action of the CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)/SUPPRESSOR OF phyA-105 (SPA) complex, which targets positive regulators of photomorphogenic growth for degradation by the proteasome. Phytochromes inhibit the COP1/SPA complex, leading to the accumulation of transcription factors promoting photomorphogenesis; yet, the mechanism by which they inactivate COP1/SPA is still unknown. Here, we show that light-activated phytochrome A (phyA) and phytochrome B (phyB) interact with SPA1 and other SPA proteins. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy analyses show that SPAs and phytochromes colocalize and interact in nuclear bodies. Furthermore, light-activated phyA and phyB disrupt the interaction between COP1 and SPAs, resulting in reorganization of the COP1/SPA complex in planta. The light-induced stabilization of HFR1, a photomorphogenic factor targeted for degradation by COP1/SPA, correlates temporally with the accumulation of phyA in the nucleus and localization of phyA to nuclear bodies. Overall, these data provide a molecular mechanism for the inactivation of the COP1/SPA complex by phyA- and phyB-mediated light perception.
Investigation of dual-band coil module for near-field wireless power transfer systems

This work presents a dual-band coil module for near-field resonant wireless power transfer (WPT). It provides additional channel either for more power transfer or higher data transmission. We use only one single-turn coil which can avoid interference among coils occuring in a multi-coil WPT system, and adopt a simple LC branch circuit into the single-turn coil to obtain dual-band operation. In contrast to a single-band WPT, it can transmit more amount of power than maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to a receiver within the human electromagnetic exposure constraint. Measurement results show a good performance that reaches 103% MPE power at a coil separation distance inside 20 cm (1.87 loop radii) and 40% MPE power at a coil separation distance of 100 cm (10 loop radii).
Capturing the Value Premium

MSCI Value Weighted Indices are systematic indices that aim to reflect the value premium by employing an alternative weighting scheme that tilts the index towards stocks with lower valuation ratios. In this paper, we review the theoretical aspects of value weighted indices and through empirical studies we discuss the important facets of index construction that underpin the design of MSCI Value Weighted Indices. The MSCI Value Weighted Indices are based on an objective and transparent methodology by which all the constituents of a standard MSCI parent index are re-weighted using four common accounting measures: book value, sales, earnings and cash earnings -- thereby adding a value tilt to the parent MSCI index towards stocks with relatively lower valuation ratios. Based on the empirical results, the MSCI Value Weighted Indices have historically outperformed their respective parent MSCI indices across different regions, reflecting the value premium, with slightly higher risk, low tracking error and modest turnover. The empirical finding on the long term outperformance of MSCI Value Weighted indices is consistent with the long history of published research on the value premium. MSCI Value Weighted Indices are complementary to capitalization weighted indices and could serve as tools in strategic asset allocation to enable investors to gain exposure to market beta with a value tilt.
Mechanical Inertia and Economic Dynamics: Pareto on Business Cycles

In the second volume of his Cours, published a hundred years ago, Vilfredo Pareto (1897, section 928) put forward what was probably the first mathematical model of the business cycle. Apart from Knut Wicksell's (1899) review of Pareto's book and Jess Benhabib's (1979) short article (partly based on Wicksell's comments), Pareto's model has gone unnoticed. According to the view advanced by Pareto in the 1890s, concepts from physics are essential, not only in the realm of static equilibrium, but also in the investigation of economic dynamics. The model follows a new presentation by Pareto of his equations of general equilibrium, where he attempted to take into account the influence of “inertia” (habit) by applying d'Alembert's principle of mechanics. He concludes that the solution to the consumption equations has a cyclical pattern and uses that to explain business cycles as oscillations in aggregate production driven by changes in consumption.
Collaborative Autoencoder for Recommender Systems

In recent years, deep neural networks have yielded state-of-the-art performance on several tasks. Although some recent works have focused on combining deep learning with recommendation, we highlight three issues of existing works. First, most works perform deep content feature learning and resort to matrix factorization, which cannot effectively model the highly complex user-item interaction function. Second, due to the difficulty on training deep neural networks, existing models utilize a shallow architecture, and thus limit the expressive potential of deep learning. Third, neural network models are easy to overfit on the implicit setting, because negative interactions are not taken into account. To tackle these issues, we present a generic recommender framework called Neural Collaborative Autoencoder (NCAE) to perform collaborative filtering, which works well for both explicit feedback and implicit feedback. NCAE can effectively capture the relationship between interactions via a non-linear matrix factorization process. To optimize the deep architecture of NCAE, we develop a three-stage pre-training mechanism that combines supervised and unsupervised feature learning. Moreover, to prevent overfitting on the implicit setting, we propose an error reweighting module and a sparsity-aware data-augmentation strategy. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that NCAE can significantly advance the state-of-the-art.
Determinantes Do Crédito Bancário: Uma Análise Com Dados Em Painel Para As Maiores Instituições

This paper brings some new evidence on the banking behavior concerning credit, using bank-level data of the thirteen largest banks located in Brazil (domestic and foreign). After a brief overview of the literature on the Brazilian banking sector restructuring (following the Real Plan) and lending behavior, we implement a panel data analysis on our sample, from March 2001 to June 2006. The main results are: (1) a robust negative correlation between public bonds purchase and lending; and (2) a robust positive correlation between demand deposits, leverage and GDP at constant prices, on the one hand; and lending, on the other hand. These findings, particularly leverage and public bonds purchase, seem to confirm high liquidity-preference of the banking sector. Brazilian prime rate (Selic) and Basle index, also included, were of no-significance.
Why It Is OK to Use the HAR-RV(1,5,21) Model

The lag structure (1,5,21) is most commonly used for the HAR-RV model for realized volatility (Corsi 2009), where the terms are thought to represent a daily, a weekly, and a monthly time scale. The aggregation of the three scales approximates long memory. We explore flexible lag selection for the model on realized volatility constructed from tick-level data of the thirty constituting stocks of the Dow Jones Industrial Average between 1995 and 2007. The computational costs for flexible lag selection are substantial, and we use a parallel computing environment. We find that flexible lags do not improve in-sample or out-of-sample fit. Our results therefore confirm the standard practice in a large-scale data application.
The managerial prerogative and the employee's duty to work: a comparative study of functional flexibility in working life

This paper presents a discussion of the general reasons for conducting comparative research, the need for a socio-legal functional approach and the motives for subjecting Swedish, English and German labour law to study. Anna Christensen's theory of the normative field of law is discussed and applied to the field of comparative labour law research. The focus of the research is the legal regulation of the managerial prerogative (especially the employer's right to direct and allocate work) in the light of the increasing trend towards greater flexibility in employment.
Revisiting the Mechanism of Endogenous Technical Change for Climate Policy Analysis

Numerous climate policy modeling studies that feature endogenous technical change (TC) have emerged in the literature, but their endogenous specifications tend to diverge with little consensus on the underlying process. To reconcile disparate modeling methods, this paper revisits the mechanism of endogenous TC in climate policy analysis by developing a conceptual framework that captures three endogenous processes: R&D inducement, knowledge creation, and production technical change. I also provide methodological implications on how to incorporate this mechanism into a multi-sector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, particularly the treatment on cross-sector knowledge spillovers and R&D crowding-out. Building on this generalized framework, climate policy modeling that seeks to incorporate endogenous TC can hopefully be supported in future studies.
Cross‐Country Services versus Manufacturing Activity of Multinational Firms in Response to Services versus Goods Policy

This paper assesses the consequences of trade costs on goods and services for the distribution of foreign direct investment (FDI) across goods and services as well as across countries. The paper employs data on the universe of German FDI abroad which are collected at the firm level and aggregated for the purpose of this paper to two sectors – goods and services – and 79 countries, using data for the year 2005. Key findings are that services trade costs as reflected in the services trade restrictiveness index and bilateral investment treaty membership are the most important policy drivers of the activity of German-owned multinational firms in both goods and services. An increase in services trade restrictions raises goods activity at the expense of services activity. This effect is more pronounced the more important host countries in terms of the German FDI are.
Why are Goods Cheaper in Rich European Countries? Beyond the Balassa–Samuelson Effect

In wealthy European countries consumer goods tend to be cheaper than consumer services. Usually explained in terms of cost developments and/or foreign‐trade considerations, this trend could also be a reflection of demand‐side regularities. Estimation of a cross‐country demand system indicates that goods are ‘necessities’ whereas services are ‘luxuries’. The relative price of goods responds negatively to the rising supply of goods and positively to the rising supply of services, with the former response being much stronger. If the supplies of both items were to rise at the same speed, the relative price of goods would have to fall.
Conceptualizing the Value Co-Destruction Process for Service Systems: Literature Review and Synthesis

This study conceptualizes the notion of value codestruction by reviewing and synthesizing the scattered and scarce value co-destruction literature in interdisciplinary fields. Building on our synthesis, we outline a conceptual framework for the value co-destruction process consisting of three interrelated categories of key concepts. Our framework helps in identifying, analyzing and rectifying unwanted outcomes of a service process and highlighting the dynamic nature of value co-destruction in service systems.
F41 antigen among porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains lacking K88, K99, and 987P pili

Colonial morphological variations among enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli which lack K88, K99, and 987P (3P-) were shown to be correlated with expression of several surface antigens, i.e., type 1 pili, F41 pili, and somatic and capsular antigens. Such correlations were established by electron microscopy, serology, and hemagglutination of cells derived from these specific colonial types. Identification of F41 produced by the 3P- enterotoxigenic E. coli strains was made by immunodiffusion in agarose gel, immunofluorescence microscopy, subunit molecular weight determination in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and hemagglutination of F41-piliated 3P- cells and purified F41 pili. Two of the 3P- enterotoxigenic E. coli strains were also shown to be virulent in conventional neonatal pigs and calves. Intense immunofluorescence staining by reference F41 serum of ileal villi of 3P- -infected animals indicated that F41 was expressed during the disease process.
Lymphogranuloma venereum in the United kingdom.

BACKGROUND Over the past 2 years, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), caused by L serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis, has emerged as a significant problem among men who have sex with men (MSM). We report on, to our knowledge, the largest case series of LGV to date, with detailed epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the epidemic in the United Kingdom. METHODS A national diagnostic service and surveillance system was established in October 2004. Cases were confirmed by the presence of C. trachomatis and an LGV serovar (L1, L2, or L3) from genotyping. For confirmed cases, an enhanced surveillance questionnaire was sent to the clinician. RESULTS Through February 2006, a total of 327 cases of LGV were confirmed. Cases were diagnosed across the United Kingdom, with the majority from London (71%) and Brighton (13%). Case reports were received for 282 MSM. The majority (96%) had proctitis, many with severe local and systemic symptoms. There was a high level of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (76%), hepatitis C (19%), and other sexually transmitted infections (39%). Nine cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection were diagnosed around the same time as LGV. Most cases were acquired within the United Kingdom, although patients with early cases were more likely to report contacts in The Netherlands. CONCLUSIONS We found a significant burden of this once-rare sexually transmitted infection among MSM in the United Kingdom. LGV may be contributing to the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection by facilitating transmission. Further control efforts are required, including awareness campaigns, continued detailed surveillance, and expanded chlamydia testing among MSM.
Catalase deficiency renders remnant kidneys more susceptible to oxidant tissue injury and renal fibrosis in mice.

BACKGROUND Catalase is one of the important antioxidant enzymes regulating the levels of intracellular hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. The effect of catalase deficiency on progressive renal fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. METHODS Homozygous acatalasemic mutant mice (C3H/AnLCs(b)Cs(b)) and control wild-type mice (C3H/AnLCs(a)Cs(a)) were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy. The functional and morphological alterations of the remnant kidneys, including tubulointerstitial fibrosis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression of EMT-related molecules were compared between the two groups at 6, 12, and 18 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy. RESULTS The 5/6 nephrectomy resulted in albuminuria, decreased renal function, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis with accumulation of type I and type IV collagens in the remnant kidneys of both mouse groups. However, the degree of these changes was significantly higher in acatalasemic mice after 5/6 nephrectomy as compared with wild-type mice until week 18. EMT, a crucial phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells, was observed in acatalasemic mice by electron microscopy and was associated with upregulation of EMT-related alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and fibroblast specific protein-1 (FSP-1) gene expression. Significant increases in the tubulointerstitial deposition of lipid peroxidation products, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2'- deoxyguanosine were observed in the acatalasemic mice after 5/6 nephrectomy as compared with the wild-type mice. Glomerular sclerosis developed after tubulointerstitial injury in acatalasemic mice. The level of catalase activity remained low in the remnant kidneys of acatalasemic mice until week 18 without compensatory up-regulation of glutathione peroxidase or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Finally, supplementation of a SOD mimetic tempol did not prevent peroxidation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the acatalasemic remnant kidneys. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that acatalasemia exacerbates renal oxidant tissue injury and sensitizes remnant kidneys to EMT and progressive renal fibrosis. This study suggests a central role for catalase in the defense against oxidant-mediated renal fibrosis.
(6,6′-Dimethoxybiphenyl-2,2′-diyl)bis(diphenylphosphane) P,P′-dioxide dihydrate

In the title compound, C38H32O4P2·2H2O, the dihedral angle between the methoxyphenol rings is 84.11 (7)°. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the water molecules of crystallization with the main molecule.
Multiple feedback successive interference cancellation with iterative decoding for point-to-point MIMO systems

We investigate successive interference cancellation (SIC) detectors that can achieve a close to optimum BER performance in spatial multiplexed multi-input multi-output (SM-MIMO) systems. We propose a low-complexity interference suppression strategy, in which an enhanced SIC is devised by introducing the feedback diversity to combat the error propagation in decision feedback loops. In order to constrain the complexity introduced by the multiple feedback (MF) processing, a strategy called shadow area constraint (SAC) is developed to save the additional complexity by avoiding redundant MF processing with reliable decisions. Based on the MF and SAC algorithms, in this paper, we derive a MF aided soft-input soft-output SIC detector for iterative (turbo) MIMO systems, the feedback diversity is introduced in the detection procedure of each spatial layer to compute the extrinsic information of the coded bits. The simulations performed on an iterative detection and decoding (IDD) scheme over frequency flat fading channels demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the conventional SIC schemes with low computational effort.
Three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor modal analyses. Theoretical and experimental aspects

The vibrations developed during the work represent one of the main mechanical problems of the electric motors. Their frequencies and levels can cause large damages of different electrical motors parts. This is the reason why even in the design phase it is useful to be known the values of the natural frequencies of the parts. This can be made in two different ways: using modern capabilities of finite element method (FEM) or doing experimental modal analysis. The study developed in the present paper refers to the modal analysis of a three-phase squirrel cage induction of 1.5 kW, for both, for its elements and, for motor and the electric motor as an assembly. The FEM modal analysis was applied using ABAQUS software for assembly of the 7 elements of the motor. The 3D model was developed, mechanical connections being of screw type. The theoretical model was validated by experiments, with impact hammer test method. The validation confirms the assumptions made for the 3D model and the designed model can be use, as example, for other FEM based modal analysis. The natural frequencies obtained both by FEM and experimental method does not overlap on the working frequencies.
Motivating and supporting collaboration in open innovation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore collaboration in open innovation (OI) communities. The paper focuses on the following two research problems: how can users be motivated to collaborate in OI communities and what kind of tools and methods can support collaboration in OI communities? Design/methodology/approach – The exploratory case study includes three innovation intermediaries originated in three different countries: France, The Netherlands and Finland. The primary data source consists of the open‐ended questions posted to the maintainers and users by e‐mail. The data include five responses from the maintainers and 12 responses from the users. The secondary source is the internet document review. The classification of the factors in the preliminary framework is derived from reading and rereading the answers of the respondents until the themes started emerging from the data. Thereafter, the data are coded according to the chosen themes.Findings – Results suggest that monetary rewards are no.
Efficient Estimation for a Semiparametric Extended Hazards Model

We propose an alternative estimation for an extended hazards (EH) model by maximizing a kernel-smoothed profile likelihood function. The EH model includes the proportional hazards (PH) model and the accelerated failure time (AFT) model as special cases. Maximization is realized using conventional gradient-search methods. The nested structure of the EH model allows one to construct a goodness-of-fit for the PH model or the AFT model through a likelihood ratio test. We also establish asymptotic theories of the resulting estimators and the likelihood ratio test statistic.
Open Market Operations as a Monetary Policy Shock Measure in a Quantitative Business Cycle Model

This paper develops a dynamic general equilibrium model in order to study the impact of two different monetary policy shocks. Monetary policy is either conducted by open market operations or specified as exogenous money growth. In our model, prices are sticky and real balances yield utility. In addition, we introduce a financial sector which intermediates loans. We present monetary features of the business cycle in the US economy and compare them to the properties of our model economies. Our model with a shock to open market operations is shown to be a promising alternative to the model with an exogenous money growth shock as the endogeneity of money helps i) to reconcile the model's implications for the behavior of monetary aggregates and interest rates with empirical observations and ii) to generate persistent responses, especially for interest rates and output.