Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Accessing Heterogeneous Data Items Using Network Coding in Wireless Broadcast

Network coding has become increasingly popular in time efficient data dissemination due to its inherent nature of broadcasting multiple data items in encoded form through a single broadcast. However, not much attention has been put forth on the efficiency of network coding when accessed data items' sizes can vary. In this work, we have investigated that when clients' accessed data items are of different sizes, network coding based broadcast can no longer maintain its superiority over traditional broadcast. We have found the reason of this performance degradation of coding based broadcast and propose an efficient dynamic threshold based coding approach. The proposed approach can maintain its performance superiority over both traditional broadcast approach and conventional coding based approach under a range of different size accessed data items. Simulation results support our claim.
Learning Transformation Rules for Semantic Parsing

This paper presents an approach for inducing transformation rules that map natural-language sentences into a formal semantic representation language. The approach assumes a formal grammar for the target representation language and learns transformation rules that exploit the non-terminal symbols in this grammar. Patterns for the transformation rules are learned using an induction algorithm based on longestcommon-subsequences previously developed for an information extraction system. Experimental results are presented on learning to map English coaching instructions for Robocup soccer into an existing formal language for coaching simulated robotic agents.
SOX10-Nano-Lantern Reporter Human iPS Cells; A Versatile Tool for Neural Crest Research

The neural crest is a source to produce multipotent neural crest stem cells that have a potential to differentiate into diverse cell types. The transcription factor SOX10 is expressed through early neural crest progenitors and stem cells in vertebrates. Here we report the generation of SOX10-Nano-lantern (NL) reporter human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPS) by using CRISPR/Cas9 systems, that are beneficial to investigate the generation and maintenance of neural crest progenitor cells. SOX10-NL positive cells are produced transiently from hiPS cells by treatment with TGFβ inhibitor SB431542 and GSK3 inhibitor CHIR99021. We found that all SOX10-NL-positive cells expressed an early neural crest marker NGFR, however SOX10-NL-positive cells purified from differentiated hiPS cells progressively attenuate their NL-expression under proliferation. We therefore attempted to maintain SOX10-NL-positive cells with additional signaling on the plane and sphere culture conditions. These SOX10-NL cells provide us to investigate mass culture with neural crest cells for stem cell research.
Operational Planning of Thermal Generators with Factored Markov Decision Process Models nikovski

We describe a method for creating conditional plans for controllable thermal power generators operating together with uncontrollable renewable power generators, under significant uncertainty in demand and output. The resulting stochastic sequential decision problem has mixed discrete and continuous state variables and dynamics, and we propose a discretization method for the continuous part of the model that unifies all variables into a large discrete Markov decision process model. Although this model is way too large to be solved directly, its state transition probabilities can be factored efficiently, and a reduction of all continuous variables to one net demand variable makes it tractable by dynamic programming over a suitably constructed AND/OR tree. The proposed algorithm outperformed existing non-stochastic solvers on several problem instances, resulting in both lower risks and operational costs. International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling (ICAPS) This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All
TCP Splice for application layer proxy performance

Application layer proxies already play an important role in todays networks, serving as firewalls and HTTP caches - and their role is being expanded to include encryption, compression, and mobility support services. Current application layer proxies suffer major performance penalties as they spend most of their time moving data back and forth between connectionss context switching and crossing protection boundaries for each chunk of data they handle. We present a technique called TCP Splice that provides kernel support for data relaying operations which runs at near router speeds. In our lab testing, we find SOCKS firewalls using TCP Splice can sustain a data throughput twice that of normal firewalls, with an average packet forwarding latency 30 times less.
Comparing the Attributes, Activities, and Performance of Divergent, Convergent, and Combination Thinkers

Studies about the nature of the creative problem solving (CPS) process and about the cognitive and personality attributes and performance of persons who do CPS have focused primarily on the divergent thinking aspects of CPS and the attributes of persons who are inclined to divergent thinking. However, a matching theory proposes that tasks vary widely in the degree to which they require differing kinds of thought and prior knowledge, and problem solvers vary widely in their inclinations and resources; hence, different persons, groups, and organizations can most effectively and efficiently solve different kinds of problems. To begin identifying good matches of tasks and workers, this study measured several cognitive and personality attributes and the CPS activities and performance of persons inclined to divergent or convergent thought. Most predicted differences in the attributes, activities, and performance of the 3 types of thinkers were found. A content analysis of group attempts to creatively solve a multifaceted problem demonstrated the need for frequent convergent thought as well as divergent thought by persons so engaged. Implications and needed extensions of this research are discussed with the aim of using the matching theory to enhance real-world CPS efforts.
Understanding the Frequency- and Time-Dependent Behavior of Ballistic Carbon-Nanotube Transistors

The high-frequency and time-dependent behavior of carbon-nanotube (CN) transistors is examined by numerically solving the time-dependent Boltzmann transport equation self-consistently with the Poisson equation. The two-port admittance matrix, containing the transistor's y-parameters, is extracted. At frequencies below the transistor's unity-current-gain frequency fT, the y-parameters are shown to agree with those predicted from a quasi-static description of transistor operation, provided that the partitioning factor for the device charge is extracted through application of an appropriate time-dependent ramp voltage to the gate. The physics of time-dependent transport is described, and by examining the positive- and negative-going components of electron charge in the nanotube, it is shown for an nin device structure that the n regions can add a time delay to the device response, even though these regions do not affect the transistor's extrapolated fT. For very high frequencies, or for very fast transients, it is pointed out that the conventional ldquofloating boundary conditionrdquo approach, which was originally suggested for dc simulations of ballistic Mosfets, becomes questionable when applied to time-dependent simulations of nanotubes. While this paper omits collisions and focuses on an intrinsic transistor structure that excludes external parasitics, it provides a first useful step toward the full frequency- and time-dependent characterization of CN transistors.
A novel multiparameter flow cytometric assay for inosine triphosphatase expression analysis in leukocytes

The aim of this study was to assess inosine triphosphate (ITPase) expression in the different leukocyte populations present in peripheral blood samples of a nonimmune compromised control group. For this purpose, a multiparameter flow cytometric assay was developed and performed to study ITPase expression in peripheral leukocyte subpopulations of healthy volunteers (n = 20). Qualitative ITPase expression was assessed by determining the percentage of ITPase‐positive cells. Quantitative data were obtained by measuring the median fluorescent intensity (MFI). Subcellular localization of ITPase was analyzed using immunocytochemistry. Immunocytochemistry showed that ITPase is present in all leukocytes and localized intracellular. Based on this finding, a multiparameter flow cytometric assay was developed using a Fix & Perm strategy. Qualitative and quantitative ITPase expression remained stable (variation, <10%) for at least 48 h after blood sampling. MFI values showed that activated monocytes contained significantly more ITPase when compared to the total monocyte fraction (P < 0.0001), which subsequently had a higher amount of expression than granulocytes (P < 0.0001). In addition, the phagocyte subpopulations ([activated] monocytes and granulocytes) contained significantly higher levels of ITPase when compared to lymphocytes (P < 0.0001). Within the lymphocyte fraction, it appeared that T‐helper cells contained significantly higher ITPase levels when compared to cytotoxic T cells, B lymphocytes, and natural killer cells (P < 0.0001). Our study is the first which describes a flow cytometry assay to analyze ITPase expression in leukocytes qualitatively as well as quantitatively and visualizes the intracellular localization of ITPase in leukocytes. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Brand Morphing--Implications for Advertising Theory and Practice

Contemporary cultural conditions present many challenges to academicians' and practitioners' understandings of the ways consumers interpret brands and advertising. This article advances the concept of brand morphing, that is, the ways that brand meanings change among different groupings of consumers as facilitated by ad practitioners' efforts to accommodate, reinforce, and create diverse cultural meanings across different international markets. Depth interview data from a study of ad practitioners illustrate the ways that ad professionals accommodate, work with, and reinforce perceived foreign cultural differences that exist across target markets. Finally, brand morphing's usefulness and relevance to contemporary advertising theory and practice is discussed.
The competence of Hong Kong social work students in working with victims of the 2004 tsunami disaster

English Social workers' competence in international disaster relief work involves making expedient use of services and resources. Their competence develops from their individual autonomy and experiences of empowerment. The hypothesis in this article was developed from a survey of 215 social work students from Hong Kong involved in disaster relief. French La compé tence des travailleurs sociaux en contexte de relè ve de catastrophe internationale dé pend de leur aptitude à exploiter efficacement les services et les ressources disponibles. Cette compé tence se dé veloppe à partir de leur autonomie personnelle et de leurs expé riences d'empowerment. Ce sont les hypothè ses posé es dans cet article, ré sultat d'une enquête auprè s de 215 é tudiants de Hong Kong en travail social ayant participé à la relè ve du sinistre. Spanish La competencia de los trabajadores sociales durante desastres internacionales consiste en utilizar pronto y eficazmente servicios y recursos. Su competencia es funció n de su autonomìa y experiencia en conferir poder a otros. Se desarrolla una hipó tesis a partir de una encuesta de 215 estudiantes del Hong Kong envueltos en trabajo de ayuda durante desastres.
The Poor Survival among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Chiapas, Mexico: The Case of Los Altos Region

Objective. To analyse survival in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and factors associated with such survival. Design. Study of a cohort of patients aged over 14 years diagnosed with PTB from January 1, 1998 to July 31, 2005. During 2004–2006 a home visit was made to each patient and, during 2008-2009, they were visited again. During these visits a follow-up interview was administered; when the patient had died, a verbal autopsy was conducted with family members. Statistical analysis consisted of survival tests, Kaplan-Meier log-rank test and Cox regression. Results. Of 305 studied patients, 68 had died due to PTB by the time of the first evaluation, 237 were followed-up for a second evaluation, and 10 of them had died of PTB. According to the Cox regression, age (over 45 years) and treatment duration (under six months) were associated with a poorer survival. When treatment duration was excluded, the association between poorer survival with age persisted, whereas with having been treated via DOTS strategy, was barely significant. Conclusions. In the studied area it is necessary that patients receive a complete treatment scheme, and to give priority to patients aged over 45 years.
WebGuard: Web based adult content detection and filtering system

We describe a Web filtering system "WebGuard", which aims to automatically detect and filter adult content on the Web. WebGuard uses Web crawler to extract relevant data from the Web, combines the textual content, the image content, and the URL name of a Web page to construct its feature vector. WebGuard uses data mining techniques to classify URLs into two classes: suspect URLs and normal URLs. The suspect URLs are stored in a database, which is constantly and automatically updated in order to reflect the highly dynamic evolution of the Web. When working, WebGuard simply captures a user's URL, matches it with the suspect URLs stored in the database and takes an appropriate action - filtering or blocking - according to the result of the analysis. Our preliminary results show that it can detect and filter adult content effectively.
Building Educational Presence in Second Life: An Exploratory Study

Second Life ® (SL) as the exemplar of virtual worlds has become a new platform for simulating real-life experiences and interactions. Businesses, universities, hospitals, governmental organizations, and individuals participate in SL for a variety of activities and experiences. Increasing participation in range of activities has made SL a suitable environment for creativity and innovation in the web-based delivery of services. However, there is little knowledge about the process of creating systems/presence in this new environment. This paper explores the unique aspects of systems development for educational purposes in SL using a case study approach. Multiple cases have been analyzed to investigate the process of systems development in SL projects and contrasted with existing information system development approaches. Contributions to education and research are discussed.
STAMS: STRING-assisted module search for genome wide association studies and application to autism

Motivation: Analyzing genome wide association data in the context of biological pathways helps us understand how genetic variation influences phenotype and increases power to find associations. However, the utility of pathway-based analysis tools is hampered by undercuration and reliance on a distribution of signal across all of the genes in a pathway. Methods that combine genome wide association results with genetic networks to infer the key phenotype-modulating subnetworks combat these issues, but have primarily been limited to network definitions with yes/no labels for gene-gene interactions. A recent method (EW_dmGWAS) incorporates a biological network with weighted edge probability by requiring a secondary phenotype-specific expression dataset. In this article, we combine an algorithm for weighted-edge module searching and a probabilistic interaction network in order to develop a method, STAMS, for recovering modules of genes with strong associations to the phenotype and probable biologic coherence. Our method builds on EW_dmGWAS but does not require a secondary expression dataset and performs better in six test cases. Results: We show that our algorithm improves over EW_dmGWAS and standard gene-based analysis by measuring precision and recall of each method on separately identified associations. In the Wellcome Trust Rheumatoid Arthritis study, STAMS-identified modules were more enriched for separately identified associations than EW_dmGWAS (STAMS P-value 3.0 × 10−4; EW_dmGWAS- P-value = 0.8). We demonstrate that the area under the Precision-Recall curve is 5.9 times higher with STAMS than EW_dmGWAS run on the Wellcome Trust Type 1 Diabetes data. Availability and Implementation: STAMS is implemented as an R package and is freely available at https://simtk.org/projects/stams. Contact: rbaltman@stanford.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Transfer and language contact: the case of Pirahã

In this article the author argues that the language contact situation between Pirahã (Muran) and Portuguese can best be explained in a framework combining the theoretical approaches to language contact and transfer. In this contact situation, Portuguese elements are readily incorporated into Pirahã, while the society remains largely monolingual. Only some speakers have a limited command of Portuguese, which they employ when communicating with outsiders. The author refers to these speakers as gatekeepers, usually middle-aged men taking over the communication with the outside world. Their speech is lexically Portuguese, but shows considerable interference from Pirahã. This could be due to their limited proficiency in Portuguese, forcing the speakers to draw heavily on the structures of their L1 (the transfer perspective). On the other hand, it could also be analysed as heavy borrowing of Portuguese lexical elements into a Pirahã frame (the language contact perspective). The result of both perspectives is an interlingual variety, used for the purpose of communicating with outsiders. Focusing on expressions of quantities in the language of the gatekeepers, the author argues for a combination of the borrowing or transfer frameworks in the analysis of this contact situation.
Hexahalogenated and their mixed benzene derivatives as prototypes for the understanding of halogen···halogen intramolecular interactions: New insights from combined DFT, QTAIM‐, and RDG‐based NCI analyses

A large number of fully halogenated benzene derivatives containing the fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine atoms have been experimentally synthesized both as single‐ and co‐crystals (e.g., Desiraju et al., Chem. Eur. J. 2006, 12, 2222), yet the natures of the halogen ··· halogen interactions between the vicinal halogens in these compounds within the intramolecular domain are undisclosed. Given a fundamental understanding of these interactions is incredibly important in many areas of chemical, biological, supramolecular, and material sciences, we present here our newly discovered theoretical results that delineate whilst the nature of an F···F interaction in a pair of two adjacent fluorine atoms in either of the hexafluorobenzene and 1,4‐dibromotetrafluorobenzene compounds examined is almost unclear, each of the latter three hexahalogenated benzene derivatives (viz., C6Cl6, C6Br6, and C6I6), and each of the seven of their fully mixed hexahalogenated benzene analogues, are found to be stabilized by means of a number of halogen···halogen interactions, each a form of long‐range attraction within the intramolecular domain. The Molecular Electrostatic Surface Potential model was found to be unsurprisingly unsuitable in unraveling any of the aforesaid attractions between the halogen atoms. However, such interactions successfully enunciated by a set of noncovalent interaction descriptors of geometrical, topological, and electrostatic origins. These latter properties were extracted combining the results of the Density Functional Theory electronic structure calculations with those revealed from Atoms in Molecules, and Reduced Density Gradient charge density‐based topological calculations, and are expounded in detail to formalize the conclusions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Simulation of a rectifier malfunction on a offshore wind system with HVDC transmission

A new integrated mathematical model for the simulation of an offshore wind system having a rectifier input voltage malfunction at one phase is presented in this paper. The mathematical model considers an offshore variable-speed wind turbine on a floating platform, equipped with a permanent magnet synchronous generator using full-power three-level converter to inject energy into the electric network, through a high voltage direct current transmission submarine cable. The model for the drive train is a discrete three mass, incorporating the dynamic of the moving surface. A case study is presented to access conclusion about the malfunction.
An efficient feature extraction method for segmented cursive characters recognition

Handwritten document analysis is a persistent research area nowadays. It has large applications in various image processing domain as human computer interaction, machine translation and automation of reading various scanned images for handwritten fields in forms, postal address on envelopes and amounts in banks checks. The main factor which influence the performance of handwritten text recognition is the selection of an appropriate set of features for representing input samples. In this paper, we propose a efficient feature vector for handwritten character recognition, using a hybrid of the statistical and structural properties of a character to represent the particular character class. Experiments have been performed on standard database of handwritten digits and letters. The recognition accuracy is tested on a Neural Network classifier with different parameters. The results have been compared with existing features extraction algorithms. The comparative results shows the effectiveness of our approach.
First language attrition: The methodology revised

This article presents a criticism of the methodology most frequently used by language attrition studies. In particular, the preoccupation of such research with “errors” in the data from attriters is questioned. It is proposed that approaches which focus on overt deviance cannot come to a full understanding of the attritional process, and that a full investigation of lexical, morphological and syntactic complexity and richness of the data produced by attriters is necessary in order to achieve a truly balanced view. The limitations to the insights gained on the basis of an error-based approach to language attrition, and the potential of an analysis that takes into account all aspects of proficiency, are illustrated on the basis of an investigation of autobiographical narratives from German Jews.