Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV-infected women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

To determine the prevalence and predictors of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among HIV-infected women in Tanzania, a cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected women at HIV care and treatment clinics. A Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was used as a screening tool for detection of cervical SIL. From December 2006 to August 2009, 1365 HIV-infected women received cervical screening. The median age was 35 (interquartile range [IQR]: 30–42) years, and the median CD4 + cell count was 164 (IQR: 80–257) cells/mm3. The prevalence of cervical SIL was 8.7% (119/1365). In multivariate analysis, older age (≥50 versus 30–<40 years: prevalence ratio [PR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45–3.84, p for trend = 0.001), lower CD4 + cell counts (<100 versus ≥200 cells/mm3: PR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.01–2.36, p for trend = 0.03) and cervical inflammation (PR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16–2.60, p = 0.008) were associated with an increased risk of cervical SIL. Women with advanced WHO HIV disease stage (IV versus I/II: PR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.35–8.85, p for trend = 0.01) had an increased risk for high-grade SIL. In resource-limited settings where it is not feasible to provide cervical cancer prevention services to all HIV-infected women, greater efforts should focus on scaling-up services among those who are older than 50 years, with lower CD4 cell counts and advanced HIV disease stage.
40-Gb/s High-Gain Distributed Amplifiers With Cascaded Gain Stages in 0.18-$\mu{\hbox {m}}$  CMOS

A novel circuit topology for high-gain distributed amplifiers is presented in this study. Based on the conventional distributed architecture, the gain cells are realized by cascading cas- code stages for gain enhancement. In addition, the stagger-tuning technique is extensively utilized in the design of the cascode stages as well as the cascaded stages, leading to significant improvement in terms of the operating bandwidth and the gain flatness. With the proposed circuit architecture, two amplifiers are implemented in a standard 0.18-mum CMOS technology. The amplifier with a 3 times 3 configuration exhibits a gain of 16.2 dB and a 3-dB bandwidth of 33.4 GHz, while the one in a form of 2 times 4 demonstrates a gain of 20 dB and a bandwidth of 39.4 GHz. Consuming a dc power of 260 mW from a 2.8-V supply voltage, both circuits provide clear eye-opening with a pseudorandom bit sequence (PRBS) at 40 Gb/s.
Exemplar-based video inpainting approach using temporal relationship of consecutive frames

Digital inpainting is a technique used to remove some specified objects or to repair damaged area in an image or a video file. It has a wide used range in many applications such as in film and entertainment production, digital archives repairing, and satellite photography making. The main challenge in video inpainting is the patched video sequence ought to remain as much visual quality as the original one. To meet this requirement, video inpainting must have a robust object tracking algorithm with considering factors of the continuity of temporal relationship between frames, especially for camera-moving cases. In this paper, we propose a video inpainting algorithm based on the exemplar-based method [2]. In the proposed method, we first use Harris corner detection to extract feature points of each frame and match them between consecutive frames. The frames with same feature points are aligned by using affine transformation, and the median filter method is then used to establish a dynamic panoramic background. Next, we propose a robust object tracking method by using three-steps searching algorithm wherein moving objects can be find in different frames. Then, the foreground objects of each frame are removed by using background subtraction. Finally, we use an exemplar-based video inpainting method to patch the video. Experimental results showed that the proposed method can not only accurately track the moving objects but also can repair the video without losing linear structure of image (frame) and will not produce blur. In sum, the proposed method is an efficient and effective video patching method that repairs the video of acceptable quality.
Cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in the prevention of cervical cancer in Malaysia.

INTRODUCTION Cervical cancers (CC) demonstrate the second highest incidence of female cancers in Malaysia. The costs of chronic management have a high impact on nation's health cost and patient's quality of life that can be avoided by better screening and HPV vaccination. METHODOLOGY Respondents were interviewed from six public Gynecology-Oncology hospitals. Methods include experts' panel discussions to estimate treatment costs by severity and direct interviews with respondents using costing and SF-36 quality of life (QOL) questionnaires. Three options were compared i.e. screening via Pap smear; quadrivalent HPV Vaccination and combined strategy (screening plus vaccination). Scenario based sensitivity analysis using screening population coverage (40-80%) and costs of vaccine (RM 300-400/dose) were calculated. RESULTS 502 cervical pre invasive and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) patients participated in the study. Mean age was 53.3 +/- 11.2 years, educated till secondary level (39.4%), Malays (44.2%) and married for 27.73 +/- 12.1 years. Life expectancy gained from vaccination is 13.04 years and average Quality Adjusted Life Years saved (QALYs) is 24.4 in vaccinated vs 6.29 in unvaccinated. Cost/QALYs for Pap smear at base case is RM 1,214.96/QALYs and RM 1,100.01 at increased screening coverage; for HPV Vaccination base case is at RM 35,346.79 and RM 46,530.08 when vaccination price is higher. In combined strategy, base case is RM 11,289.58; RM 7,712.74 at best case and RM 14,590.37 at worst case scenario. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) showed that screening at 70% coverage or higher is highly cost effective at RM 946.74 per QALYs saved and this is followed by combined strategy at RM 35,346.67 per QALYs saved. CONCLUSION Vaccination increase life expectancy with better QOL of women when cancer can be avoided. Cost effective strategies will include increasing the Pap smear coverage to 70% or higher. Since feasibility and long term screening adherence is doubtful among Malaysian women, vaccination of young women is a more cost effective strategy against cervical cancers.
Application of Single Pole Auto-Reclosing in Medium Voltage Distribution Networks for Improving Integration of Distributed Generation

This paper is divided into three parts. The first part presents a bibliographical survey about the advances to date in the area of protection of medium voltage (MV) distribution networks with distributed generation (DG). The second part discusses the transient stability of distributed synchronous generators, and the application of single pole auto-reclosing (SPAR) scheme in MV distribution networks. In the third part of this paper, dynamic simulation studies are performed and presented in order to evaluate transient stability of DG during three-phase and single-phase-to-ground faults. Additionally, results of simulation of the SPAR scheme applications on a MV distribution network with DG are presented. For this investigation, a MV test feeder with DG units has been used, and studies have been performed based on a digital computer simulation approach
A two-chip receiver for short haul links up to 3.5 Gb/s with PIN-preamp module and CDR-DMUX

For short-haul applications, the authors present a two-chip receiver, which consists of a high-gain preamp and a high-sensitivity clock and data recovery-demultiplexer (CDR-DMUX). If the high-gain preamp is integrated into the metal can of the PIN-diode (resulting in a PIN-preamp) the space saving due to this 'autoshielding' is significant. The gain bandwidth product of the amplifier is restricted by the coupling inside the metal can. The sensitivity of the CDR-DMCTX is possibly dependent on second-order effects like coupling to outputs (direct or via common mode).
Is the interference between memory processing and timing specific to the use of verbal material?

Increasing load in a memory task performed simultaneously with a timing task shortens perceived time, an effect that has been observed previously with memory tasks using verbal material. The present experiments examine whether two similar memory tasks, one in which verbal material is used and another one in which nonverbal material is used, would produce similar interference effects on concurrent time reproduction. In Experiment 1, the number of nonverbal stimuli (pseudo‐random dot patterns) was manipulated in a memory task performed while a temporal interval to be reproduced was encoded. Reproductions shortened proportionally to the duration of memory processing executed during time estimation. Verbal stimuli (consonants) were used in Experiment 2 in otherwise identical experimental conditions. Effects observed in Experiment 2 were comparable to those obtained in Experiment 1. Taken together, these results support the notion that interference from memory tasks on concurrent time estimation is not determined by the specific type of material processed in memory, but instead by the duration of memory processing.
Different Ways of Institutionalising Entrepreneurial Parties :Czech Public Affairs Party and ANO

This article analyses and compares two Czech entrepreneurial parties, Public Affairs (VV) and ANO. The theoretical framework of the article is the development model of institutionalisation proposed by Robert Harmel and Lars Svasand, which has three phases: identification, organisation and stabilisation. In the paper, the reasons of the failure of Public Affairs and the successful stabilisation of ANO are explained. The main difference was identified in the phase of organisation.
Effects of Tactile Feedback on the Perception of Virtual Shapes on Non-Planar DisplayObjects

In this paper, we report on a study investigating a novel haptic illusion for altering the perception of 3D shapes using a non-planar screen and vibrotactile friction. In our study, we presented an image of a rectangular prism on a cylindrical and a flat display. Participants were asked to move their index finger horizontally along the surface of the displays towards the edge of the rectangular prism. Participants were asked whether they were experiencing a flat, cylindrical or rectangular shape. In one condition, a vibrotactile stimulus simulated increasing friction towards the visible edge of the rectangular prism, with a sudden drop-off when this edge was crossed by the finger. Results suggest that presenting an image of a rectangular prism, and applying vibrotactile friction, particularly on a cylindrical display, significantly increased participant ratings stating that they were experiencing a physical rectangular shape.
Does Increased in Incomes Improves Quality of Life of the Rural Low Income Households

The Malaysian government has implemented various economic development programmes since after the independence. The main goal is to increase the overall populations socio-economic levels which should lead to improved standard of living, well-beings and quality of life. Unfortunately, in most cases quality of life is been misinterpreted and been associated with other concepts such as standard of living and well-being. Hence, it is usually believed that when the standard of living of the low income households is improved, their well-being and the quality of life have also improved. This paper is to explore the indicators of quality of life form the perspective of low income households in rural areas and to analyze the achievement of quality of life among them. It is also determine whether improve in economic achievement promotes improved in quality of life. The findings discover that many low income households who participated in the socio-economic development programmes organized by the development agencies experience increase in income and hence, increase in their standard of living. The low income households have outlined 12 indicators of quality of life. Each household has its own quality of life indicators and all households agree that their quality of life has also improved even though they have not achieved all the outlined indicators. In addition, all respondents agree that improve in household incomes is the main factor to increase in household standard of living, well-being and quality of life
Phosphorus liver MRSI at 3 T using a novel dual‐tuned eight‐channel 31P/1H coil

Although phosphorus‐31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy holds potential as noninvasive tool to monitor treatment response of liver malignancies, the lack of appropriate coils has so far restricted its use to liver lesions close to the surface. A novel eight‐channel phased‐array dual‐tuned 31P/1H coil that can assess 31P metabolism in deeper liver tissue as well is presented in this article. Analysis of its performance demonstrates that this coil can provide good sensitivity across a width of 20 cm, thereby enabling magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) scans that can fully cover axial views of the abdomen in lean subjects. In vivo results and reproducibility of 31P MRSI at 3 T of axial slices covering the full depth of the liver are shown in healthy volunteers. To minimize intrasubject and intersubject data variability, spectra are corrected for coil sensitivities. Methods to maximize the reproducibility of coil placement and spectroscopic planning are discussed. The phosphomonoesters/phosphodiesters ratio calculated in healthy volunteers has an average intrasubject variation of 23% averaged over voxels selected from the entire liver. Finally, the feasibility of using the coil in the clinic is shown by preliminary 31P liver MRSI data obtained from a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cooperation between LepA and PlcH Contributes to the In Vivo Virulence and Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Mice

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived large extracellular protease (LepA) and hemolytic phospholipase C (PlcH) are considered to play an important role in the pathogenicity of this organism. Although bacterial growth appears to be closely related to virulence, little is known about whether LepA and PlcH participate in the growth and virulence of P. aeruginosa. In this study, we investigated whether LepA and PlcH contribute to the virulence and growth of P. aeruginosa using a wild-type strain and mutants. The growth rate of the isogenic lepA single mutant was lower than that of the wild-type strain in a minimal medium containing serum albumin or hemoglobin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. Furthermore, the growth rate of the lepA plcH double mutant decreased greatly compared with that of the wild-type strain in a minimal medium containing erythrocytes as a sole nutrient source for growth. Thus, these results indicate that cooperation between LepA and PlcH would contribute to the utilization of erythrocytes as a sole nutrient source for the growth of P. aeruginosa. In addition, mouse infection experiments demonstrated that the virulence of the lepA and plcH single mutants was attenuated, and the numbers of the mutants were lower than the numbers of the wild-type strain in peritoneal lavage fluid and whole-blood specimens. In particular, the virulence and growth rate of the lepA plcH double mutant were markedly lower than those of the wild-type strain. Collectively, these results suggest that LepA and PlcH contribute to the in vivo virulence and growth of P. aeruginosa.
The influence of social challenges when implementing information systems in a Swedish health-care organisation.

AIM To describe and obtain a deeper understanding of social challenges and their influence on the implementation process when implementing Information systems in a Swedish health-care organisation. BACKGROUND Despite positive effects when implementing Information systems in health-care organisations, there are difficulties in the implementation process. Nurses' experiences of being neglected have been dismissed as reasons for setbacks in implementation. METHODS An Institutional Ethnography design was used. A deductive content analysis was made influenced by empirically identified social challenges of power, professional identity and encounters. An abstraction was made of the analysis. RESULTS Nineteen nurses at macro, meso and micro levels were interviewed in focus groups. Organisational levels are lost in different ways in how to control the reformation, how to introduce Information systems as reformation strategies and in how to translate new tools and assumptions that do not fit traditional ways of working in shaping professional identities. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION FOR NURSE MANAGEMENT Different focus may affect the reformation of health-care organisations and implementation and knowledge processes. An implementation climate is needed where the system standards fit the values of the users. Nursing management needs to be visionary, engaged and work with risk factors in order to reform the hierarchical health-care organisation.
Pocket: A Personal Finance Game

The gamification is a motivational methodology that includes mechanical and dynamic games, not used in recreational activities. Applied to personal finance, shows the importance of balance between income and expense, providing tools for the rational process of making financial decisions. The game is designed to teach this methodology, to strengthen the knowledge, applied to students of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and professionals of administrative and non-administrative areas. It is identified with the gamification the individual faces financial decisions as a fun way, increasing the knowledge, and at the end of the game all the participants had a similar level.
The potential diagnostic power of circulating tumor cell analysis for non-small-cell lung cancer

In non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), genotyping tumor biopsies for targetable somatic alterations has become routine practice. However, serial biopsies have limitations: they may be technically difficult or impossible and could incur serious risks to patients. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer an alternative source for tumor analysis that is easily accessible and presents the potential to identify predictive biomarkers to tailor therapies on a personalized basis. Examined here is our current knowledge of CTC detection and characterization in NSCLC and their potential role in EGFR-mutant, ALK-rearranged and ROS1-rearranged patients. This is followed by discussion of the ongoing issues such as the question of CTC partnership as diagnostic tools in NSCLC.
Intent based Image Ranking for Web Search Reranking

New approach is presented for reranking of the images. While searching images on the web to increase the accuracy of the image search result Image search reranking is used. Image search reranking is an effective approach to refine the initial text-based image search result. In the reranking process,image visual contents are used to refine the initial text based result. The image re-ranking restricts users’ attempt to just one-click feedback is a useful way to improve search results and its interaction is simple enough. One click event of the user is considered as user intention. We propose a feature extraction algorithm named Hyperspherebased Relevance Preserving Projection (HRPP) and a ranking function called Hypersphere-based Rank (HRank). A main challenge in the research of image Reranking is that the similarities of the visual features do not perfectly associate with actual semantic meaning of images which intends users search goals. H-Rank is an effective ranking algorithm to sort the images by their distances to the hypersphere center. Moreover, to capture the user’s intent with minimum human interaction, a reversed KNN algorithm is proposed as One-Click-based HRPP (OC-HRPP). Finally, OC-HRPP algorithm and H-Rank algorithm form a new ISR method.
A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial to improve antiepileptic drug adherence in young children with epilepsy

The primary aim was to examine the preliminary efficacy of a family tailored problem‐solving intervention to improve antiepileptic drug (AED) adherence in families of children with new‐onset epilepsy. Secondary aims were to assess changes in targeted mechanisms and treatment feasibility and acceptability. Fifty families (Mage = 7.6 ± 3.0; 80% Caucasian; 42% idiopathic localization related) completed baseline questionnaires and were given an electronic monitor to observe daily AED adherence. If adherence was ≤ 95% in the first 7 months of the study, families were randomized (Supporting Treatment Adherence Regimens (STAR): n = 11; Treatment as Usual (TAU): n = 12). Twenty‐one families were not randomized due to adherence being ≥95%. The STAR intervention included four face‐to‐face and two telephone problem‐solving sessions over 8 weeks. Significant group differences in adherence were found during active intervention (weeks 4–6; TAU = −12.0 vs. STAR = 18.1, p < 0.01; and weeks session 6–8: TAU = −9.7 vs. STAR = 15.3, p < 0.05). Children who received the STAR intervention exhibited improved adherence compared to children in the TAU group during active treatment. Significant changes in epilepsy knowledge and management were noted for the STAR group. Families expressed benefitting from the STAR intervention. Future studies should include a larger sample size and booster intervention sessions to maintain treatment effects over time.
Effect of climate change on bud phenology of young aspen plants (Populus tremula. L)

Abstract Boreal tree species are excellent tools for studying tolerance to climate change. Bud phenology is a trait, which is highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations and thus useful for climate change investigations. However, experimental studies of bud phenology under simulated climate change outdoors are deficient. We conducted a multifactorial field experiment with single (T, UVA, UVB) and combined treatments (UVA+T, UVB+T) of elevated temperature (T, +2°C) and ultraviolet‐B radiation (+30% UVB) in order to examine their impact on both male and female genotypes of aspen (Populus tremula L.). This study focuses on the effect of the treatments in years 2 and 3 after planting (2013, 2014) and follows how bud phenology is adapting in year 4 (2015), when the treatments were discontinued. Moreover, the effect of bud removal was recorded. We found that elevated temperature played a key role in delaying bud set and forcing bud break in intact individuals, as well as slightly delaying bud break in bud‐removed individuals. UVB delayed the bud break in bud‐removed males. In addition, both UVA and UVB interacted with temperature in year 3 and even in year 4, when the treatments were off, but only in male individuals. Axillary bud removal forced both bud break and bud set under combined treatments (UVA+T, UVB+T) and delayed both under individual treatments (T, UVB). In conclusion, male aspens were more responsive to the treatments than females and that effect of elevated temperature and UV radiation on bud set and bud break of aspen is not disappearing over 4‐year study period.