Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DNA Three Way Junction Core Decorated with Amino Acids-Like Residues-Synthesis and Characterization †

Construction and physico-chemical behavior of DNA three way junction (3WJ) functionalized by protein-like residues (imidazole, alcohol and carboxylic acid) at unpaired positions at the core is described. One 5′-C(S)-propargyl-thymidine nucleotide was specifically incorporated on each strand to react through a post synthetic CuACC reaction with either protected imidazolyl-, hydroxyl- or carboxyl-azide. Structural impacts of 5′-C(S)-functionalization were investigated to evaluate how 3WJ flexibility/stability is affected.
Conditional associative learning and the hippocampal system

Rats with lesions of the fornix, the dorsal hippocampus, or a control operation were trained on a spatial‐visual conditional associative learning task in which they had to learn to associate particular locations with specific visual stimuli. Animals with damage of the fornix were able to learn the task at a rate comparable to that of the control animals, but the performance of the hippocampal rats was significantly impaired in comparison with that of both the control and the fornix groups. In a second experiment, lesions to the fornix or the dorsal hippocampus significantly impaired performance on a spatial working memory task, the eight‐arm radial maze. These findings suggest that the interaction between the hippocampus and subcortical structures via the fornix may be critical only for certain types of spatial learning and memory. Hippocampus 1998;8:131–137. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hypnosis for the Management of Anticipatory Nausea and Vomiting

CASE STUDYBJ is a 34-year-old woman who was diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer. She was treated with surgical removal of the primary tumor and sentinel node biopsy. Following surgery, she received chemotherapy. She was given antiemetic therapy prior to and immediately following chemotherapy. She began to experience significant and persistent nausea with intermittent episodes of vomiting after the second cycle of chemotherapy. She completed her chemotherapy but still experienced nausea and vomiting in response to several cues, such as smelling food cooking and going to the hospital. Her nausea and vomiting resulted in segregation from her family during meal time, which negatively impacted her quality of life. A hypnosis consultation was requested, and BJ was cooperative. She reported feeling very nauseated at the time of the interview. Hypnosis was discussed; her questions were answered, and the potential risks and benefits of hypnosis were reviewed. She agreed that she would like to try hypnosis. A hypnosis assessment was conducted and revealed that she had a history of profound motion sickness and severe, chronic childhood trauma associated with feelings of anxiety and hypervigilance. The therapeutic suggestions that were used with BJ included hypnotic suggestions for relaxation and removal of discomfort. A metaphor describing the central processing of the anticipatory nausea and vomiting as a thermostat that could be adjusted to reduce and eliminate the sensation was used to suggest that she could control her perceptions and in turn control the nausea. Posthypnotic suggestions included that at the earliest awareness of discomfort, rubbing the throat would eliminate that discomfort, and cooking aromas would be transformed into her favorite fragrance. Reversal went smoothly, and BJ reported satisfaction with the experience. BJ experienced significant reduction in symptoms after the first session. She had two more sessions, at which time she was able to eat with her family and go to the clinic without discomfort. She was provided a CD with a recording of her hypnosis script to reinforce the face-to-face intervention. She continues to be symptom-free 3 months after treatment with hypnosis.
Self-Aligning Return Address Stack

Return-Address Stack (RAS) has been widely used in modern high-performance microprocessor to predict the return address of a routine. But speculative execution frequently corrupts the RAS, making repair mechanisms necessary. In this paper, based on analysis of RAS activities after misprediction and current RAS repair mechanisms, an effective return address prediction structure called Self-Aligning Return-Address Stack (SARAS) is proposed. SARAS is composed of a classical RAS, a self-aligning queue and a top-of-stack counter. The self-aligning queue records the contents popped from RAS for recovery. The top-of-stack counter tracks the latest correct position of the top-of-stack pointer. The experiment results show that SARAS can reduces hardware-cost and enhances prediction accuracy, with a 32-entry stack, the average prediction accuracy of SARAS is nearly 100%, improving performance by 3.91% up to 11.27% over the conventional checkpointing repair mechanisms for RAS. At the same hardware budget, this speedup is even higher.
Surviving Katrina and its aftermath: evacuation and community mobilization by Vietnamese Americans and African Americans

The flooding of New Orleans in the wake of Hurricane Katrina on 29 August 2005 uncovered critical issues in local, state, and national strategies for emergency preparedness and disaster relief. The Katrina disaster reveals the persistent racial inequality and economic disparities in American society. This paper examines the pre-Katrina socio-spatial configuration of the African-American and Vietnamese-American communities in an eastern New Orleans suburb. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data and compare the two groups, our study reveals media are the first and foremost information sources for both groups. Many Katrina victims evacuated more than once, some not with their families during their first and subsequent relocations. However, the communities mobilized to provide intra- and inter-group self-help among families and relatives, friends and neighbors, while receiving assistance from community organizations, religious institutions, and the government. Compared to African Americans, there were higher percentages of Vietnamese Americans learning about Katrina's impending landfall from government sources, evacuating before Katrina's landfall, and being more satisfied with assistance provided by the government. Those who are lacking in English skills reported more difficulties compared to their co-ethnics. These findings lead to several policy recommendations.
Fractal features for object recognition

The fractal dimension can measure the distribution of pixels' intensities. Thus, it can be used as a tool to describe the image content. Three kinds of fractal dimensions i.e. box dimension, correlation dimension and information dimension are applied in the construction of fractal features. The object recognition is accomplished according to the similarities of the fractal features. The experiments on three data sets illustrate that fractal feature work well for objection recognition.
The principal components of natural images

A neural net was used to analyse samples of natural images and text. For the natural images, components resemble derivatives of Gaussian operators, similar to those found in visual cortex and inferred from psychophysics. While the results from natural images do not depend on scale, those from text images are highly scale dependent. Convolution of one of the text components with an original image shows that it is sensitive to inter-word gaps.
Effects of semantic variables on the subject-verb agreement processes in writing

Two experiments are reported in which participants were orally presented with French sentences that they were required to write down. In a single-task condition, only single sentences were presented and the written recall concerned only these sentences. In a dual-task condition, a second task was added: to memorize an additional list of words or to do mental addition while writing down the sentences. The experimental sentences were all of the type 'Prep. + N1 + verb + subject' (e.g. Dans les trains passe le controleur, Along the trains comes the inspector) in which the preverbal noun constituted either a plausible or an implausible subject for the verb following. Results showed that: (a) number agreement was more likely to be correct when the preverbal noun was implausible as the subject of the sentence, (b) but when they had to transcribe sentences with an implausible preverbal noun, the participants' performance at a concurrent task was poorer. These two findings indicate that the plausibility of the subject role of the preverbal noun provides information that can be used to control the procedures which underlie the construction of the agreement.
Understanding in Vivo Benzenoid Metabolism in Petunia Petal Tissue1

In vivo stable isotope labeling and computer-assisted metabolic flux analysis were used to investigate the metabolic pathways in petunia (Petunia hybrida) cv Mitchell leading from Phe to benzenoid compounds, a process that requires the shortening of the side chain by a C2 unit. Deuterium-labeled Phe (2H5-Phe) was supplied to excised petunia petals. The intracellular pools of benzenoid/phenylpropanoid-related compounds (intermediates and end products) as well as volatile end products within the floral bouquet were analyzed for pool sizes and labeling kinetics by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Modeling of the benzenoid network revealed that both the CoA-dependent, β-oxidative and CoA-independent, non-β-oxidative pathways contribute to the formation of benzenoid compounds in petunia flowers. The flux through the CoA-independent, non-β-oxidative pathway with benzaldehyde as a key intermediate was estimated to be about 2 times higher than the flux through the CoA-dependent, β-oxidative pathway. Modeling of 2H5-Phe labeling data predicted that in addition to benzaldehyde, benzylbenzoate is an intermediate between l-Phe and benzoic acid. Benzylbenzoate is the result of benzoylation of benzyl alcohol, for which activity was detected in petunia petals. A cDNA encoding a benzoyl-CoA:benzyl alcohol/phenylethanol benzoyltransferase was isolated from petunia cv Mitchell using a functional genomic approach. Biochemical characterization of a purified recombinant benzoyl-CoA:benzyl alcohol/phenylethanol benzoyltransferase protein showed that it can produce benzylbenzoate and phenylethyl benzoate, both present in petunia corollas, with similar catalytic efficiencies.
The Object Strikes Back: An Interview with Graham Harman

ABSTRACT At a time when many design professionals concern themselves with designing interactions, experiences, and services, it seems timely to reconsider the role of objects in design. This interview with philosopher Graham Harman offers a summary of his thinking about objects and uses it to reconsider their role in design. Strongly influenced by Martin Heidegger and Bruno Latour, Harman's philosophy is object-oriented in that it treats objects as real but with hidden depths. In the interview Harman describes how objects have been treated in philosophy and what his approach does instead. One implication is to question the idea that design is unproblematically human-centered.
Teaching Creativity at the College Level: A Synthesis of Curricular Components Perceived as Important by Instructors

The purpose of this study was to describe the components of creativity courses taught at the college level and the perceived importance of the components to teaching creativity. Teachers of college-level creativity courses were asked to rate the degree to which curricular variables were considered important to the teaching of creativity. The instrument was developed from a content analysis of college creativity syllabi and other course artifacts. Results are discussed in terms of five dimensions for teaching creativity: social climate, personality characteristics, general theories and models, processes involved, and product variables related to end results.
Author's Personal Copy Dreaming and Waking: Similarities and Differences Revisited

In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: Keywords: Reflective awareness Cognition High-order cognition Dreaming Subjective reports of experience Phenomenology Primary consciousness Metacognition Sleep a b s t r a c t Dreaming is often characterized as lacking high-order cognitive (HOC) skills. In two studies , we test the alternative hypothesis that the dreaming mind is highly similar to the waking mind. Multiple experience samples were obtained from late-night REM sleep and waking, following a systematic protocol described in Kahan (2001). Results indicated that reported dreaming and waking experiences are surprisingly similar in their cognitive and sensory qualities. Concurrently, ratings of dreaming and waking experiences were markedly different on questions of general reality orientation and logical organization (e.g., the bizarreness or typicality of the events, actions, and locations). Consistent with other recent studies (e., experiences sampled from dreaming and waking were more similar with respect to their process features than with respect to their structural features. 1. Introduction ''I am riding a white horse, bareback, and we are galloping along the shore of a pristine beach. The light of the setting sun reflects through ocean spray kicked up by breaking waves, creating a shower of tiny rainbow lights. I think to myself 'this is one of the most amazing experiences of my life! ' " (Kahan, 2008) In this excerpt, the individual adopts dual perspectives: a first-person, participant perspective (from which she reports the experience) and a third-person, observer perspective (from which she evaluates the experience). This ability to utilize multiple perspectives to monitor and evaluate one's ongoing experience is variously termed reflective awareness (James, 1890/ 1981), reflective consciousness (Farthing, 1992), or self-reflection (Rossi, 1972) (see Table 1 for formal definitions of these and related terms). : ''awareness that is focused on subjective experience – awareness of ongoing thoughts, feelings, or actions " (Kahan & LaBerge, 1994, p. 248). Recently, Wolman and Kozmová (2007) extended the definition of RA to include a verbalized assessment of ongoing events and acknowledgment of the fact that RA may be directed to either internal experience (thoughts, memories, feelings) or external events. Although we endorse Kozmová and Woman's inclusion of a measurable index of RA (e.g., an individual's verbalization) in the operational definition, we stop …
Modelling Students' Algebraic Knowledge with Dynamic Bayesian Networks

This paper presents a dynamic Bayesian network model for the assessment of students' algebraic knowledge in step-based intelligent tutoring systems. The proposed work assesses knowledge about concept, skills, and misconceptions of learners. Furthermore, the proposed model is independent of the problems provided by the system (i.e., equations), because it considers the algebraic operation used by the student to solve a step as evidence instead of the final solution provided by the student. Results of evaluations comparing student's performance on a posttest with the inference of the proposed model showed statistically significant similarities between them, indicating that the inference performed by the model was accurate.
A Semi-automatic System to Detect Relevant Learning Content for Each Subject

Today, the crisis has worsened the panorama for Universities, placing new constraints that require being more sustainable economically. In addition, universities will also have to improve their research and teaching in order to obtain more research funds and attract more students. In this panorama, analytics can be a very useful tool since it allows academics (and university managers) to get a more thorough view of their context, to better understand the environment, and to identify potential improvements. Some analytics have been done under the names of Learning analytics, Academic analytics, Educational Data Mining and etcetera. However, these systems, under our humble opinion, only take into account the small part of data related to the problem, but not contextual data. In order to perform analytics efficiently and reproduce their results easily in other contexts, it is necessary to have as much information as possible about the context. For example, when communication forums are analyzed to see the concepts in which students have more doubts, it is important to analyze also what concepts are taught in the subject. Having access to both sources, more information can be obtained and may help to discover not only the problem (a concept is difficult for students) but also its cause (maybe it is not explained in the materials of the course). The work presented in the paper proposes a novel approach to work in that direction: gathering information from different aspects within subjects. In particular, the paper presents an approach that uses natural language processing techniques to analyze the subject's materials in order to discover which concepts are taught and their importance in the subject. The contribution of the paper is a system that allows obtaining a better understanding of subjects. The results can be used for analyzing the suitability of materials to subjects and to enrich and contextualize other analytical processes.
A novel approach for precise simulation of the EMG signal detected by surface electrodes

We propose a new electromyogram generation and detection model. The volume conductor is described as a nonhomogeneous (layered) and anisotropic medium constituted by muscle, fat and skin tissues. The surface potential detected in space domain is obtained from the application of a two-dimensional spatial filter to the input current density source. The effects of electrode configuration, electrode size and inclination of the fibers with respect to the detection system are included in the transfer function of the filter. Computation of the signal in space domain is performed by applying the Radon transform; this permits to draw considerations about spectral dips and clear misunderstandings in previous theoretical derivations. The effects of generation and extinction of the action potentials at the fiber end plate and at the tendons are included by modeling the source current, without any approximation of its shape, as a function of space and time and by using again the Radon transform. The approach, based on the separation of the temporal and spatial properties of the muscle fiber action potential and of the volume conductor, includes the capacitive tissue properties.
Palliative care for people severely affected by multiple sclerosis: evaluation of a novel palliative care service

Multiple sclerosis results in both physical and psychological disability but some patients have needs that are not adequately met by existing services. Our objective was to explore whether a new palliative care service improved outcomes for people severely affected by multiple sclerosis. A delayed intervention randomized controlled trial was undertaken with multiple sclerosis patients deemed by staff to have palliative care needs. The intervention was a multiprofessional palliative care team assessment and follow-up. The intervention group was offered the team immediately (fast track, FI); the control group continued best standard care and then offered the team after 3 months (standard intervention, SI). The main outcome measures were: patient reported issues using the Palliative Care Outcome Scale and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale at 12 weeks and caregiver burden using the Zarit Burden Inventory. Sixty-nine people were referred to the service; 52 consented or were eligible to be randomized (26 to the FI and 26 to the SI groups). At 12 weeks people in the FI group had an improvement (mean change —1.0) in the total score of 5 key symptoms whereas there was deterioration in the SI group (mean change 1.1, F = 4.75, p = 0.035). There was no difference in the change in general Palliative Care Outcome Scale or Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale scores. There was an improvement in caregiver burden in the FI group and a deterioration in the SI group (F = 7.60, p = 0.013). Involvement with the palliative care service appeared to positively affect some key symptoms and reduced informal caregiver burden.
Corporate Internet Reporting in emerging economic countries:the Malaysian perspective

The increasing use of Internet technology in corporate world is undeniable. Corporate Internet Reporting (CIR) is the communication process between the corporate sectors and stakeholders via the medium of the Internet. CIR is a significant way for the corporate sectors in presenting and disseminating business information. The study is conducted with the objective to examine the practice of CIR by the Malaysian listed corporations. Sample of the study consisted of 380 listed corporations. In measuring the level of CIR practice by companies, a CIR index was used. Data for CIR practice were collected by observing the presence of CIR attributes in the websites of companies being investigated and analysed by using descriptive statistics. The findings show that 82 percent of the companies examined have websites and are practicing CIR. On average, Malaysian listed companies practiced around 28.9% of the overall CIR attributes. The results based on industry type showed that the plantation sector had the highest mean score for overall CIR, Investor Relations category and User Support category, whereas the finance sector had the highest mean score for the categories of Accounting and Finance and Technological Advantage, and the construction sector revealed the highest mean score for forward looking data. Furthermore, a comparison between the Main Market and ACE market companies did not show any significant difference in the mean score for the overall CIR attributes and specific CIR attributes. Findings of the study might be useful to the Malaysian listed corporations in better understanding the level of CIR they practised so as to further increase the level of CIR in the near future. Finally, the study adds to the knowledge on the practice of CIR in Malaysia as one of the world's emerging economic countries.
Cascading Metaperceptions: Signal Amplification Bias as a Consequence of Reflected Self-esteem

People expect intimate partners to understand their personality, including feelings of self-worth. These general assumptions about transparency may influence situation-specific estimates of how others view the self (i.e., metaperceptions). In contexts that elicit evaluative concerns, lower self-esteem individuals, who think their chronic self-doubts are obvious to partners, should believe that their partners will infer they are anxious, whether they are or not. In two studies, lower self-esteem individuals thought that their partners believed they experienced more evaluation anxiety in comparison to higher self-esteem individuals. These metaperceptions were exaggerated (signal amplification) and the association between self-esteem and metaperceptions was explained by reflected self-esteem, the belief that partners are aware of one's chronic self-esteem. We discuss implications for interactions with close others.
Divergence and Convergence in Policy Meanings of European Environmental Policies: The Case of the Birds and Habitats Directives

The link between European environmental policies and spatial planning and decision-making in Member States is complicated and the subject of much debate among students of the European Union and the processes of Europeanization. This paper focus on policy meaning, and analyses the mechanisms of divergence and convergence that are at work in planning and decision-making practices in which the Birds and Habitats Directives are implemented. While many of the mechanisms are unconscious and unintentional and thus cannot be affected, others can be used intentional and strategically during the formulation and implementation of the policies.