Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A ZVS-PWM Three-Phase Current-Fed Push–Pull DC–DC Converter

In this paper, a ZVS-PWM three-phase current-fed push-pull dc-dc converter is proposed. When compared to single-phase topologies, the three-phase dc-dc conversion increases the power density, uses the magnetic core of the transformer more efficiently, reduces the stress on switches, and requires smaller filters since the frequency for its design is higher. The proposed converter employs an active clamping technique by connecting the primary side of the transformer to a three-phase full bridge of switches and a clamping capacitor. This circuit allows the energy from the leakage inductances to be reused, increasing the efficiency of the converter. If appropriate parameters are chosen, soft-commutation of the switches (ZVS) can also be achieved. The soft-commutation improves the efficiency even further, allows higher switching frequencies to be used, and reduces the electromagnetic interference significantly. Applications such as fuel cell systems, transportation, and uninterruptable power supplies are some examples that can benefit from the advantages presented by this converter. The theoretical analysis, a design example, and the experimental results for a prototype implementing this topology are presented. The prototype was designed to process 4 kW at full load with an input voltage of 120 V, an output voltage of 400 V, and a switching frequency of 40 kHz.
A retrospective study on 195 horses with contaminated and infected synovial cavities

This study analyzes the clinical aspects of contaminated and infected synovial cavities in horses and evaluates their prognosis after treatment. The medical records of 195 affected horses referred between June 1999 and July 2004 were reviewed. Twenty-six horses were euthanized or returned home without further treatment. Therapeutic strategies for the remaining 169 horses were not different from those reported in other recent studies, except that lavage was performed predominantly without endoscopic visualization. Follow-up was obtained by questionnaire for 150 of 169 treated horses. The outcome was considered successful (survival without residual lameness) in 109 of 150 horses (72.7%). Iatrogenic synovial infection, the presence of radiographic signs on admission and the use of regional antibiotic perfusion were significantly related with non-successful outcome. Overall, the outcome in the present study appeared to be slightly less favorable compared to other recent reports, although it certainly improved for horses with deep nail puncture wounds.
Vertically Integrated Unidirectional Biristor

The unidirectional read-out characteristics of a two-terminal biristor are investigated through numerical simulations and experiments. The base doping profile in the biristor, which is analogous to an open-base bipolar junction transistor (BJT), is a key parameter to control both the multiplication factor and the common-emitter gain of the open-base BJT. The simulated results indicate that the asymmetric base doping produces a difference in the latch-up voltage according to the reading direction. A unidirectional conduction path is thereby implemented in a crossbar-array configuration that consists of only the two-terminal biristor. The experimental results based on a vertical structure with local charge injection support that the leakage path through the reverse read direction can be blocked by the asymmetric base doping structure with the selection of proper bias conditions.
The possibility of social media analysis for disaster management

Collecting, sharing, and delivering information in disaster situations is crucially important. Mass media such as TV, radio, and newspapers have played important roles in information distribution in past disasters and crises. Recently, social media have received much attention for their use as an information sharing tool. Especially, it is said that people used Twitter to collect and share information in the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake. In academic fields, some researchers have started to propose some methods and systems for disaster management by analyzing social media data. Other people doubt whether social media will actually function effectively for disaster management because of uncertainty and inaccuracies related to rumors and misunderstanding. In this paper, we overview current studies of social media analysis for disaster management and explain some studies in detail to show their possibility and availability. We specifically examine situational awareness, user behavior analysis and information propagation analysis, which are three approaches to social media analysis, to clarify what social media analysis can and cannot do. Additionally, we propose some concepts for social media analysis and show how those concepts help to collaborate with us, researchers in social media analysis fields and other research fields.
Systematic design method of stabilization fuzzy controllers for pendulum systems

A systematic method to construct stabilization fuzzy controllers for a single pendulum system and a series‐type double pendulum system is presented based on the single input rule modules (SIRMs) dynamically connected fuzzy inference model. The angle and angular velocity of each pendulum and the position and velocity of the cart are selected as the input items. Each input item is given with a SIRM and a dynamic importance degree. All the SIRMs have the same rule setting. The dynamic importance degrees use the absolute value(s) of the angle(s) of the pendulum(s) as the antecedent variable(s). The dynamic importance degrees are designed such that the upper pendulum angular control takes the highest priority and the cart position control takes the lowest priority when the upper pendulum is not balanced upright. The control priority orders are automatically adjusted according to control situations. The simulation results show that the proposed fuzzy controllers have high generalization ability to completely stabilize a wide range of single pendulum systems and series‐type double pendulum systems in short time. By extending the architecture, a stabilization fuzzy controller for a series‐type triple pendulum system is even possible. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Workflow Dynamics and the Imaging Value Chain: Quantifying the Effect of Designating a Nonimage-Interpretive Task Workflow.

PURPOSE To assess the impact of separate non-image interpretive task and image-interpretive task workflows in an academic neuroradiology practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, randomized, observational investigation of a centralized academic neuroradiology reading room was performed. The primary reading room fellow was observed over a one-month period using a time-and-motion methodology, recording frequency and duration of tasks performed. Tasks were categorized into separate image interpretive and non-image interpretive workflows. Post-intervention observation of the primary fellow was repeated following the implementation of a consult assistant responsible for non-image interpretive tasks. Pre- and post-intervention data were compared. RESULTS Following separation of image-interpretive and non-image interpretive workflows, time spent on image-interpretive tasks by the primary fellow increased from 53.8% to 73.2% while non-image interpretive tasks decreased from 20.4% to 4.4%. Mean time duration of image interpretation nearly doubled, from 05:44 to 11:01 (p = 0.002). Decreases in specific non-image interpretive tasks, including phone calls/paging (2.86/hr versus 0.80/hr), in-room consultations (1.36/hr versus 0.80/hr), and protocoling (0.99/hr versus 0.10/hr), were observed. The consult assistant experienced 29.4 task switching events per hour. Rates of specific non-image interpretive tasks for the CA were 6.41/hr for phone calls/paging, 3.60/hr for in-room consultations, and 3.83/hr for protocoling. CONCLUSION Separating responsibilities into NIT and IIT workflows substantially increased image interpretation time and decreased TSEs for the primary fellow. Consolidation of NITs into a separate workflow may allow for more efficient task completion.
Separation of cellular and BOLD contributions to T2* signal relaxation

The development of a reliable clinical technique for quantitative measurements of the parameters defining the BOLD effect, i.e., oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and deoxygenated cerebral blood volume, dCBV, is needed to study brain function in health and disease. Herein we propose such a technique that is based on a widely available gradient recalled echo (GRE) MRI.
The Measurement of Pressures under the Foot

An apparatus is described which gives a rapid and detailed picture of the distribution of pressure under the foot, this being displayed either as a continuous grey scale or a color contour map on a television monitor. Automatic analysis systems are outlined which enable the quantitation of the distribution of pressures and loads under the foot during standing and walking, utilizing computer techniques. The use of the static system is illustrated by the results of analytic procedures carried out on normal feet and in the assessment of surgical correction of a series of equino-varus feet in children suffering from spina bifida. The clinical application of the dynamic system is illustrated by the measurement of pressure/time curves encountered under the heel, the five metatarsal heads, and the great toe of a control group of feet and the feet of patients who had undergone metatarsophalangeal fusions, Keller arthroplasties, and Swanson arthroplasties.
Hippocampal atrophy patterns in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

Histopathological studies and animal models suggest that hippocampal subfields may be differently affected by aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other diseases. High‐resolution images at 4 Tesla depict details of the internal structure of the hippocampus allowing for in vivo volumetry of different subfields. The aims of this study were as follows: (1) to determine patterns of volume loss in hippocampal subfields in normal aging, AD, and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). (2) To determine if measurements of hippocampal subfields provide advantages over total hippocampal volume for differentiation between groups.
Depression in Mentally Handicapped Patients: Diagnostic and Neuroendocrine Evaluation

The dexamethasone suppression test was administered to 12 mentally handicapped depressed patients. One of the four patients with major depressive disorder, but none of those with other diagnoses, failed to suppress Cortisol production. The International Classification of Diseases and the Newcastle Diagnostic Index were found to be unreliable for use with severely mentally handicapped patients. Modifications are proposed which would allow the Research Diagnostic Criteria and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression to be applied to patients with any degree of mental handicap.
Can biased symptom perception explain false-alarm choking sensations?

Background. Breathlessness in asthma often cannot be explained with objective variables indicating airways obstruction. The hypothesis that unrealistic breathlessness results from false interpretation of sensations was tested. Methods. Sixty-four children and adolescents with asthma, aged 9–18 years, were randomly assigned to: (1) standardized physical exercise for induction of general symptoms; (2) equipment causing itching through skin irritation; or (3) physical exercise combined with equipment causing itching through skin irritation. Pre-test and post-test measures were: lung function; breathlessness; general symptoms; itching; state anxiety; and worry. Results. Lung function decreased within normal parameters (3·8%, 1·1%, 2·6%, respectively) and did not differ significantly between conditions. Breathlessness increased significantly after exercise, particularly in condition 3. Breathlessness correlated with general symptoms and worrying, but not with changes in lung function, age, or asthma severity. Conclusion. Biased symptom perception can explain unrealistic breathlessness. Prerequisites are situational cues triggering selective perception and ambiguous sensations associated with the anticipated (feared) physical state. Excessive breathlessness may often warrant objective confirmation by means of lung-function testing.
Overview of NTCIR-13 Actionable Knowledge Graph (AKG) Task

This paper overviews NTCIR-13 Actionable Knowledge Graph (AKG) task. The task focuses on ﬁnding possible actions related to input entities and the relevant properties of such actions. AKG is composed of two subtasks: Action Mining (AM) and Actionable Knowledge Graph Generation (AKGG). Both subtasks are focused on English language. 9 runs have been submitted by 4 teams for the task. In this paper we describe both the subtasks, datasets, evaluation methods and the results of meta analyses.
The Adoption of Halal Transportations Technologies for Halal Logistics Service Providers in Malaysia

The purpose of this study is i) to investigate the driving factors and barriers of the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Halal logistic and ii) to develop an ICT adoption framework for Halal logistic service provider. The Halal LSPs selected for the study currently used ICT service platforms, such as accounting and management system for Halal logistic business. The study categorizes the factors influencing the adoption decision and process by LSPs into four groups: technology related factors, organizational and environmental factors, Halal assurance related factors, and government related factors. The major contribution in this study is the discovery that technology related factors (ICT compatibility with Halal requirement) and Halal assurance related factors are the most crucial factors among the Halal LSPs applying ICT for Halal control in transportation’s operation. Among the government related factors, ICT requirement for monitoring Halal included in Halal Logistic Standard on Transportation (MS2400:2010) are the most influencing factors in the adoption of ICT with the support of the government. In addition, the government related factors are very important in the reducing the main barriers and the creation of the atmosphere of ICT adoption in Halal LSP sector
Iterative Joint Source-Relay Channel Decoding for the Noisy Decode-and-Forward Protocol

In cooperative networks, despite its simplicity, the decode-and-forward protocol suffers from the problem of error propagation when the source-relay channel is noisy. By forwarding erroneous decoded messages, the relay significantly degrades the diversity order of the system. One trivial solution was to restrict the use of decode-and-forward protocol to reliable source-relay transmissions. However, the forwarded messages from the relay can be seen as data correlated with that transmitted by the source. This property can be exploited in order to allievate the error propagation phenomenon. The problem of joint decoding of correlated sources is then directly transposed to the relay network. In this paper, we propose to exploit the potential correlation existing between the source and the relay messages in order to achieve enhanced end-to-end performance. Performance comparison with classical decoding of the decode-and-forward protocol is conducted especially under degraded source-relay channel conditions. We derive an analytical upper bound on the probability of error at the destination, which is verified by simulation results.
Evaluation of Different PCR-based Techniques in Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Infected Cattle Lymph Nodes

Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease of animals and humans caused by Mycobacterium bovis. In a large number of countries bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease among cattle and other domesticated animals. M. bovis can infect humans, primarily by the ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products but also in aerosols and through breaks in the skin. Raw or undercooked meat can also be a source of the infection. In live cattle, tuberculosis is usually diagnosed in the field with the tuberculin skin test which should be performed in the course of the twelve months prior to presentation for slaughter. An additional problem with the skin test is the widespread cross-reactivity with environmental mycobacteria which can limit its use. The diagnosis is confirmed by the isolation and identification of M. bovis on selective culture media or by different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. In this study, initially, 70 cows with the TB symptoms were screened for tuberculosis infection using intradermal tuberculin test (IDTT). The test results revealed that 17 animals (24%) showed positive reaction. The lymph nodes of positive animals were examined for gross lesions and consequently conducted for bacteriological examination, which revealed that only 12 animals were infected with M. bovis and one animal was infected with pathogenic M. tuberculosis. Therefore, three PCR-based assays (monoplex, conventional multiplex and Real Time PCR) were applied to positive cases. The results revealed that real-time PCR assay was the most sensitive, powerful and efficient assay compared with monoplex and multiplex conventional PCR assays.
Behavioral health insurance parity: does Oregon's experience presage the national experience with the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act?

OBJECTIVE The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 prohibits commercial group health plans from imposing spending and visit limitations for mental health and substance abuse services that are not imposed on medical-surgical services. The act also restricts the use of managed care tools that apply to behavioral health benefits in ways that differ from how they apply to medical-surgical benefits. The only precedent for this approach is Oregon's state parity law, which was implemented in 2007. The goal of this study was to estimate the effect of Oregon's parity law on expenditures for mental health and substance abuse treatment services. METHOD The authors compared expenditures for commercially insured individuals in four Oregon health plans from 2005 through 2008 and a matched group of commercially insured individuals in Oregon who were exempt from parity. Using a difference-in-differences analysis, the authors analyzed the effect of comprehensive parity on spending for mental health and substance abuse services. RESULTS Increases in spending on mental health and substance abuse services after implementation of Oregon's parity law were almost entirely the result of a general trend observed among individuals with and without parity. Expenditures per enrollee for mental health and substance abuse services attributable to parity were positive, but they did not differ significantly from zero in any of the four plans. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral health insurance parity rules that place restrictions on how plans manage mental health and substance abuse services can improve insurance protections without substantial increases in total costs.
Audio self organized units for high-level event detection

High-level multimedia event detection aims to identify videos containing a target event. Recent approaches leveraging audio information for this task fall into two broad categories. The ﬁrst corresponds to holistic bag-of-words approaches based on frame-level descriptors. These are effective for classiﬁcation, but hard for humans to interpret. The second corresponds to approaches that build a limited set of mid-level concept detectors trained using large amounts of annotated data. Such approaches do not scale easily for large scale tasks with heterogeneous data. We explore using audio Self Organized Units (SOU) to capture mid-level segmental information in a completely unsupervised fashion, and devise various features based on the SOU decoding process on each video. We train BBN’s speech SOU system on unannotated web audio data. A multi-pass adaptive decoder from the BBN speech recognition sys-tem is engaged to decode audio data using the HMM-based audio SOUs. We devise various vector representations from the audio SOU lattices and from the constrained maximum likelihood linear regression adaptation matrices at different stages of the decoding. High-level event detection using these representations shows promising results on the benchmark 2011 TRECVID Multimedia Event Detection dataset. Furthermore, the audio SOUs provide potential for human interpretable features.
Difference in antigen presentation pathways between cortical and medullary thymic epithelial cells

Antigen presentation by thymic epithelial cells (TEC) to T cells that undergo maturation is one of the major events in the selection of the T cell repertoire. We have already reported that medullary TEC lines (mTEC) established from newborn C57BL/6 (H‐2b) mice are able to present a soluble antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), to OVA‐specific, I‐Ab restricted helper T cell lines but cortical TEC (cTEC) lines are not (Mizuochi, T. et al., J. Exp. Med. 1992. 175: 1601). In this report, to clarify the cause of this difference, we analyzed the biochemical nature as well as the distribution of both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and invariant chains (Ii) in both TEC by immunoprecipitation and laser confocal scanning microscopic analysis, as well as the expression of mRNA encoding H‐2Ma or H‐2Mb. Our results demonstrate that cTEC and mTEC are both able to present peptide antigens to peptide‐specific, I‐Ab‐restricted helper T cell hybridoma and are able to present class II MHC alloantigens to an I‐Ab‐specific T cell line, that mRNA for H‐2Ma and H‐2Mb are expressed in both TEC, that cTEC and mTEC apparently incorporate tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate‐labeled OVA in the same manner, and that the SDS‐stable MHC class II molecules, onto which peptides were loaded, are formed in both cTEC and mTEC. However, these molecules were more rapidly degraded in mTEC than in cTEC. In addition, two Ii‐derived polypeptides of approximately 21 kDa and 10 kDa were precipitated by the anti‐class II monoclonal antibody Y3P; 10‐kDa polypeptides were detected in the both TEC, while 21‐kDa polypeptides were detected only in cTEC. Finally, β chains of MHC class II with less sialylated oligosaccharides were precipitated from the cell surface of cTEC. Taken together, these results suggest that there are substantial differences in the antigen‐presenting pathways of cTEC and mTEC, and these difference might be responsible for T cell selection events in the thymus.