Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Discovery p 53 R 2 Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Cancer Cells in Association with Cell-Cycle Arrest

Deregulation of the expression of p53R2, a p53-inducible homologue of the R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, has been found in various human cancer tissues; however, the roles p53R2 plays in cancer progression and malignancy remain controversial. In the present study, we examined changes in gene expression profiles associated with p53R2 in cancer cells, using the analysis of cDNA microarray. Gene set enrichment analysis identified that the gene set regulating cell-cycle progression was significantly enriched in p53R2-silencing human oropharyngeal carcinoma KB cells. Attenuation of p53R2 expression significantly reduced p21 expression andmoderately increased cyclin D1 expression in both wild-type p53 cancer cells (KB and MCF-7) and mutant p53 cancer cells (PC3 and MDA-MB-231). Conversely, overexpression of p53R2-GFP resulted in an increase in the expression of p21 and decrease in the expression of cyclin D1, which correlated with reduced cell population in S-phase in vitro and suppressed growth in vivo. Furthermore, the MAP/ERK kinase inhibitor PD98059 partially abolishedmodulation of p21 and cyclin D1 expression by p53R2.Moreover, under the conditions of nonstress and adriamycin-induced genotoxic stress, attenuation of p53R2 in KB cells significantly increased phosphorylated H2AX, which indicates that attenuation of p53R2 may enhance DNA damage induced by adriamycin. Overall, our study shows that p53R2 may suppress cancer cell proliferation partially by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1; p53R2 plays critical roles not only in DNA damage repair but also in proliferation of cancer cells. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(2); 269–78. 2011 AACR.
Comparative High-Density Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression during Growth of Lactobacillus helveticus in Milk versus Rich Culture Medium

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus helveticus CNRZ32 is used by the dairy industry to modulate cheese flavor. The compilation of a draft genome sequence for this strain allowed us to identify and completely sequence 168 genes potentially important for the growth of this organism in milk or for cheese flavor development. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the expression of these genes during growth in milk and MRS medium by using microarrays. Oligonucleotide probes against each of the completely sequenced genes were compiled on maskless photolithography-based DNA microarrays. Additionally, the entire draft genome sequence was used to produce tiled microarrays in which noninterrupted sequence contigs were covered by consecutive 24-mer probes and associated mismatch probe sets. Total RNA isolated from cells grown in skim milk or in MRS to mid-log phase was used as a template to synthesize cDNA, followed by Cy3 labeling and hybridization. An analysis of data from annotated gene probes identified 42 genes that were upregulated during the growth of CNRZ32 in milk (P < 0.05), and 25 of these genes showed upregulation after applying Bonferroni's adjustment. The tiled microarrays identified numerous additional genes that were upregulated in milk versus MRS. Collectively, array data showed the growth of CNRZ32 in milk-induced genes encoding cell-envelope proteinases, oligopeptide transporters, and endopeptidases as well as enzymes for lactose and cysteine pathways, de novo synthesis, and/or salvage pathways for purines and pyrimidines and other functions. Genes for a hypothetical phosphoserine utilization pathway were also differentially expressed. Preliminary experiments indicate that cheese-derived, phosphoserine-containing peptides increase growth rates of CNRZ32 in a chemically defined medium. These results suggest that phosphoserine is used as an energy source during the growth of L. helveticus CNRZ32.
Network-control cosimulation framework for NCS

In this work a new test platform to develop control/network codesign solutions for NCS's is presented, based on the NS-2 network simulation suite, and focused in the transport layer. Simulation results with the test platform are presented to know network and control relationships from a network point of view, using TCP/IP shared networks. Interesting remarks have been made, and concluded that a transport protocol with fairness, best-effort and flow-control features, correlated with some NCS data selection scheme can improve the performance of the NCS and simplify its design.
Performance Improvement of Deception Jamming Against SAR Based on Minimum Condition Number

This paper proposes a new approach to improve the error performance of the synergy netting deception jamming against synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The existing methods cannot tackle the issue of error amplification induced by the linear equations constructed for jamming coefficients calculation. To handle this problem, we develop an optimal layout for radar receivers to minimize the effect of the error by minimizing the condition number, which measures the sensitivity of the synergy deception jamming system to the perturbation. It is revealed that the devised approach relies little on the SAR kinematic parameters. To further improve the error performance of the jamming system, collaborative receivers, which provide more observations of time difference of arrivals, are introduced to perform a linear least-squares estimation. The error reduction level due to the cooperative receivers is analyzed. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the superiority of the proposed method.
Mutation Analysis of Braf Exon 15 and Kras Codons 12 and 13 in Moroccan Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Background The RAS/RAF/MEK/MAP kinase cascade transduces signals from the cell surface to the nucleus in order to control cellular responses including proliferation, differentiation and survival. We investigated the occurrence of BRAF exon 15 and KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations in Moroccan patients with colorectal cancer. Methods Sixty-two samples from patients with sporadic colorectal adenocarcinomas were studied for BRAF exon 15 and KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations. DNA from paraffin-embedded tissue specimens was analyzed by a combination of polymerase chain reaction–high resolution melting and direct sequencing. Results Of the analyzed specimens, 29% exhibited KRAS codon 12 or 13 mutations and only 1.6% carried a BRAF codon 600 mutation. KRAS mutations were more often observed in women (35.5%) than in men (22.6%). Patients in the age range between 41 and 60 years were more likely to be carriers of this mutation. No KRAS mutations were detected in patients aged >60 years. Conclusion Despite the limited study sample, our data suggest that KRAS mutations arise more frequently than BRAF mutations in Moroccan patients with colorectal carcinomas. The KRAS mutation status must be assessed in a large cohort of Moroccan patients to confirm these findings and to determine whether this mutation in combination with extrinsic, environmental or microenvironmental factors might be involved in the high frequency of colorectal cancer in middle-aged Moroccans.
HLA-E variants are associated with sustained virological response in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients on hepatitis C virus therapy

Objectives:To analyze whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E allelic variants are associated with and may predict response to peg-interferon (IFN) alpha and ribavirin treatment in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients. Design:Retrospective follow-up study. Methods:We studied 321 naive patients who started HCV treatment. HLA-E genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. A sustained virological response (SVR) was defined as undetectable plasma HCV-RNA up through 24 weeks after the end of HCV treatment. Results:The HLA-E*0101 allele increased the odds of achieving SVR for all patients [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.03 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI = 1.35–3.06); P = 0.001], for HCV genotype (GT) 1/4 patients (aOR = 1.62 (95% CI = 1.03–2.54), P = 0.035), and for GT2/3 patients [aOR = 9.87 (95% CI = 2.47–31.89), P = 0.001]. For decision tree analysis, the SVR rate increased from 0 to 82.6% and then to 92.5% in GT2/3 patients when the count of HLA-E*0101 alleles increased. In GT1/4 patients with rs8099917 TT genotype, the SVR rate increased from 33.3 to 54.8% and then to 61.8% when the count of HLA-E*0101 alleles increased. In GT1/4 patients with rs8099917 GT/GG genotype, the SVR rate increased from 15.4 to 22% and then to 44% when the count of HLA-E*0101 alleles increased. The overall percentage of patients correctly classified was 73.2% and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.803 ± 0.024. Conclusion:The HLA-E*0101 allele was associated with increased odds of HCV clearance and could help to predict SVR among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on HCV therapy. This would be helpful to avoid treatment in those less likely to respond to pegylated-interferon-alpha and ribavirin treatment.
Teaching post-editing: a proposal for course content

There is a growing demand for translation. To meet this demand, many translation companies are introducing a hybrid technology solution combining translation memory and machine translation. However, few trainee translators receive training in machine translation postediting. This paper asks the question: Why should translator training programmes teach post-editing skills? Is post-editing the same as translation and traditional revision? The skillsets required of a post-editor are listed and the usual list of skills is extended. An outline for a course in post-editing, divided into theoretical and practical components, is proposed. Finally, the question of when such a course should be given to trainee translators is addressed. 1. Why teach post-editing?
Disadvantageous shift in energy balance is primarily expressed in high-quality sleepers after a decline in quality sleep because of disturbance.

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse or U-shaped relation between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)). Moreover, associations between energy balance (EB) and characteristics of quality sleep (QS) have recently been reported. OBJECTIVE We assessed the relation between total energy expenditure (TEE) as well as substrate oxidation and QS after disturbed compared with nondisturbed sleep in EB. DESIGN Fifteen healthy men (mean ± SD BMI: 24.1 ± 1.9; age: 23.7 ± 3.5 y) were included in a randomized crossover study. TEE and substrate oxidation were measured twice for 48 h in a respiration chamber, whereas slow-wave sleep (SWS), rapid eye movement (REM)-sleep, total sleeping time (TST), sleep stage 2 (S2), and QS [(SWS + REM) ÷ TST × 100%] were determined by using electroencephalography. During 2 nights, sleep (2330-0730) was either disturbed or nondisturbed (control). RESULTS Positive correlations were shown for TEE, activity-induced energy expenditure corrected for body mass (AEE/BM), respiratory quotient (RQ), and carbohydrate oxidation with QS and SWS during nondisturbed sleep. Fat oxidation was inversely correlated with QS and SWS. RQ and carbohydrate oxidation were inversely related to REM sleep. During the disturbed condition SWS, REM, TST, and S2 were reduced, and positive correlations were shown between TEE and AEE/BM with QS. The reduction in QS was stronger in high-quality sleepers; QS reduction was positively associated with increases in energy intake, TEE, and EB. CONCLUSION A disadvantageous shift in energy balance is primarily expressed in high-quality sleepers after a decline in QS because of disturbance, implying that good sleepers are most liable to a positive energy balance because of sleep disturbance. This trial was registered at ISRCTN as NTR1919.
Clonal diversity and host distribution in Bordetella bronchiseptica

A total of 303 isolates of Bordetella bronchiseptica recovered from 11 host species were characterized by the electrophoretic mobilities of 15 metabolic enzymes, and 21 distinctive multilocus genotypes (electrophoretic types) were distinguished on the basis of allele profiles at the enzyme loci. The population structure of B. bronchiseptica is clonal, and its genetic diversity is limited in comparison with most other pathogenic bacteria, perhaps reflecting a relatively recent origin of the species. Electrophoretic types mark clones which are, in many cases, nonrandomly associated with host species. Clones differing only slightly in overall chromosomal genetic character may have pronounced differences in virulence potential. There was considerable variation among individual clones and clone families in degree of host specificity and among various species of hosts in the diversity of clones causing disease. The diversity of clones infecting dogs was an order of magnitude greater than that of clones infecting pigs. Most bordetellosis in pigs in the United States and Japan was found to be caused by strains of a single multilocus genotype.
Dietary patterns track from infancy to preschool age: cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives.

BACKGROUND Although it has been suggested that dietary patterns emerge early in life, less is known about the extent to which they track through the toddler and preschool ages. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to derive cross-sectional dietary patterns at 2, 3, and 5 y of age and assess their correlations and to derive multi-time point dietary patterns from ages 2-5 y and assess their associations with sociodemographic factors and infant feeding patterns. METHODS Depending on the age considered, analyses included 989-1422 children from the EDEN (Étude des Déterminants pré- et postnatals précoces du développement et de la santé de l'ENfant) mother-child cohort. Dietary intake was collected with the use of food-frequency questionnaires at 2, 3, and 5 y of age. Principal component analyses were applied to these data, first cross-sectionally at each age, then longitudinally accounting for the data collected at all 3 ages. Tracking between patterns was estimated by Spearman correlation coefficients and associations with either the infant feeding patterns or the demographic and socioeconomic factors were assessed with the use of multivariable linear regression analyses. RESULTS Overall, we derived 2 main cross-sectional patterns labeled "Processed and fast foods" and "Guidelines," the latter being characterized by intakes approximating age-specific dietary guidelines; and 2 multi-time point dietary patterns that corresponded to consistent exposures to similar foods across the 3 ages. The first, labeled "Processed and fast foods at 2, 3, and 5 y," was inversely associated with maternal education and age, and positively associated with the presence of older siblings. The second, called "Guidelines at 2, 3, and 5 y," was predicted by maternal education. Moderate tracking was observed between similar patterns assessed at different ages. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirmed the emergence of dietary profiles socially differentiated early in life as well as a moderate tracking of the diet. The promotion of healthy dietary trajectories should be encouraged as early as infancy, in particular in the presence of older siblings and among the most socially disadvantaged population groups.
An Assessment of the Indonesian Coastal Environment based on SAR imagery

In the frame of the German-Indonesian pilot study IndoNACE (Indonesian Seas Numerical Assessment of the Coastal Environment), a wealth of SAR data of two dedicated regions in Indonesian waters are being analysed with respect to the imaging of marine oil pollution. Numerical tracer studies using a regional 3-d numerical model are used to aid those analyses and to help understanding the observed seasonal variations in marine oil pollution. Our first results are based on 130 ENVISAT ASAR images of each of the two regions of interest, the `Western Java Sea' and the `Makassar Strait' and indicate that most pollution was found in areas of high ship traffic and of intense oil production.
Yes, I Can: The Effect of A College Visit and Online Career Intervention on Eighth-Grade Students’ College and Career Self-Efficacy and College Intent

This study examined the effect of a college workshop on the college and career self-efficacy and college intent of eighth grade students in a semi-rural setting. The study aimed to fill the gap in the literature by examining college and career self-efficacy and college intent for middle school students in semi-rural areas in the United States as they move to high school. Two groups of eighth grade students from two middle schools in a school district in West-Central Florida participated in the study. The study used a quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest non-equivalent waitlist control group design. Students in the treatment group participated in a week-long online career exploration workshop followed by a visit on the campus of a large suburban Florida state college. Students in the waitlist control group took the pretest and posttest after data had been collected; however, they did not receive the treatment until after the posttest. The study answered the research questions whether participation in the college workshop affected participants’ posttest scores regarding college and career self-efficacy as well as college intent. Pretest and posttest used the College-Going Self-Efficacy Scale for Middle School Students and the Career Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form, as well as a College Intent Question, which inquired about students’ intent to attend college. Data analyses included a chi-square of independence and analyses of covariance. Results showed that students who participated in the college workshop had higher levels of college-going and career-decision self-efficacy than students who did not. However, college intent was not affected by participation in the college workshop.
No Change of Body Mass, Fat Mass, and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Ultraendurance Swimmers After 12 Hours of Swimming

We evaluated whether ultraendurance swimmers suffer a change of body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, and specific gravity of urine during a 12-hr swim in 12 male Caucasian ultraswimmers. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of urine samples before and after the race was performed to detect alanine, lactate, and 3-hydroxybutyrate. The 12 swimmers achieved an average distance of 29.4 km (SD = 5.1). No statistically significant changes in body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, and total body water could be determined (p > .05), but urine gravity decreased significantly (p < .001). Two participants showed increased signals of ketone bodies after the race. In these samples, the hydroxybutyrate-creatinine ratio increased more than tenfold.
Get Aroused and Be Stronger: Emotional Facilitation of Physical Effort in the Human Brain

Effort magnitude is commonly thought to reflect motivation, but little is known about the influence of emotional factors. Here, we manipulated the emotional state of subjects, via the presentation of pictures, before they exerted physical effort to win money. After highly arousing pictures, subjects produced more force and reported lower effort sensation, regardless of monetary incentives. Functional neuroimaging revealed that emotional arousal, as indexed by postscan ratings, specifically correlated with bilateral activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. We suggest that this region, by driving the motor cortex, constitutes a brain pathway that allows emotional arousal to facilitate physical effort.
Structures, basins, and energies: A deconstruction of the Protein Coil Library

Globular proteins adopt complex folds, composed of organized assemblies of α‐helix and β‐sheet together with irregular regions that interconnect these scaffold elements. Here, we seek to parse the irregular regions into their structural constituents and to rationalize their formative energetics. Toward this end, we dissected the Protein Coil Library, a structural database of protein segments that are neither α‐helix nor β‐strand, extracted from high‐resolution protein structures. The backbone dihedral angles of residues from coil library segments are distributed indiscriminately across the φ,ψ map, but when contoured, seven distinct basins emerge clearly. The structures and energetics associated with the two least‐studied basins are the primary focus of this article. Specifically, the structural motifs associated with these basins were characterized in detail and then assessed in simple simulations designed to capture their energetic determinants. It is found that conformational constraints imposed by excluded volume and hydrogen bonding are sufficient to reproduce the observed ϕ,ψ distributions of these motifs; no additional energy terms are required. These three motifs in conjunction with α‐helices, strands of β‐sheet, canonical β‐turns, and polyproline II conformers comprise ∼90% of all protein structure.
Specialised anti-corruption courts: Indonesia

Background and key features In the Indonesian judicial system, ordinary cases are heard in the general courts – in the first instance by district-level courts, with appeals to provincial high courts and from there to the Supreme Court.1 The Court for Corruption Crimes (Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, commonly known as Pengadilan Tipikor, or Tipikor court) was established by law in 2002 as part of the general court system, and began operating in 2004.
Negative regulation of bacterial heat shock genes

The expression of eubacterial heat shock genes is efficiently controlled at the transcriptional level by both positive and negative mechanisms. Positive control operates by the use of alternative sigma factors that target RNA polymerase to heat shock gene promoters. Alternatively, bacteria apply repressor‐dependent mechanisms, in which transcription of heat shock genes is initiated from a classical housekeeping promoter and cis‐acting DNA elements are used in concert with a cognate repressor protein to limit transcription under physiological conditions. Eight examples of negative regulation will be presented, among them the widespread CIRCE/HrcA system and the control by HspR in Streptomyces. Both mechanisms are designed to permit simple feedback control at the level of gene expression. Many bacteria have established sophisticated regulatory networks, often combining positive and negative mechanisms, in order to allow fine‐tuned heat shock gene expression in an environmentally responsive way.