Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of the ABCD² clinical prediction rule: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to determine the predictive value of the ABCD ²at 7 and 90 days across three strata of risk. Background. The risk of stroke after transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is significant. The ABCD ²clinical prediction rule is designed to predict early risk of stroke after TIA. A number of independent validation studies have been conducted since the rule was derived. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies that validated the ABCD². The derived rule was used as a predictive model and applied to subsequent validation studies. Comparisons were made between observed and predicted number of strokes stratified by risk group: low (0-3 points), moderate (4-5 points) and high (6-7 points). Pooled results are presented as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), in terms of over-prediction (RR > 1) or under-prediction (RR < 1) of stroke at 7 and 90 days. RESULTS We include 16 validation studies. Fourteen studies report 7-day stroke risk (n = 6282, 388 strokes). The ABCD² rule correctly predicts occurrence of stroke at 7 days across all three risk strata: low [RR 0.86, 95% CI (0.47-1.58), I² = 16%], moderate [RR 0.99, 95% CI (0.67-1.47), I² = 68%] and high [RR 0.84, 95% CI (0.6-1.19), I² = 46%]. Eleven studies report 90-day stroke risk (n = 6304). There is a non-significant trend towards over-prediction of stroke in all risk categories at 90 days. There are 426 strokes observed in contrast to a predicted 626 strokes. As the trichotomized ABCD² score increases, the risk of stroke increases (P < 0.01). There is no evidence of publication bias in these studies (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The ABCD² is a useful CPR, particularly in relation to 7-day risk of stroke.
AMPA‐type glutamate receptors in glial precursor cells of the rat corpus callosum: Ionic and pharmacological properties

Glial cells in fiber tracts express various functional transmitter receptors, e.g., for glutamate. However, little is known about their biophysical and pharmacological profile. Using the in situ patch‐clamp technique, kainate‐ and AMPA‐induced conductance changes of glial precursor cells in the rat corpus callosum were investigated to study these aspects. Precursor cells were identified by their voltage‐gated currents and were easily discernable from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Kainate induced two overlying effects in these cells: the activation of a cationic current and the block of potassium conductances. Cesium in the pipette solution blocked potassium conductances nearly completely and the ionic profile of the kainate‐induced cationic current could be studied in detail. Full replacement of the sodium in the bath by calcium resulted only in a small kainate‐induced (calcium) inward current flow, but the kainate‐induced outward current carried by Cs+ was less affected reflecting a weak calcium permeability. The kainate response could be blocked by 6,7‐dinitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione (DNQX) and millimolar zinc concentrations. Co‐application of microinolar concentrations of zinc slightly enhanced the kainate‐induced current, while Evans Blue was without any significant effect. Cyclothiazide increased the kainate response by a factor of x6 while concanavalin A did not enlarge it. The AMPA‐induced current was amplified by a factor of X39 by cyclothiazide.
The Dark Side of Buyer-Supplier Relationships and the Role of Corruption

The increasingly globalized nature of supply has exposed businesses to greater financial risk. This trend has taken the supply chain operations of multinational corporations to locations that are high-risk and highly corrupt. Yet little work has been work has been done on corruption in buyer-supplier relationships. Concurrent developments within the buyer-supplier relationships field have uncovered a dark side effect of trust upon business performance. This paper offers a model to conceptualize corruption in buyer-supplier relationships. Using a multi-level understanding of inter-organizational trust, intra-organizational trust and inter-personal trust, we use social cocoon mechanisms to provide another explanatory variable to explain the dark side of buyer- supplier relationships.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Low Cost Strategy, Differentiation Strategy, Sustainable Innovation and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (Studies at Batik Small and Medium Enterprises in East Java Province, Indonesia)

This study aims to examine, analyze and explain the Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Low Cost Strategy, Differentiation Strategies, Sustainable Innovation and Performance of Batik Small and Medium Enterprises in East Java Province, Indonesia.This research is explanatory research and sampling was done by using multi- stage area sampling,which is done through three stages, first, the determination of purposive sampling area, with a population of 2685 business units. Second, the sample set that batik Small Medium Enterprises owners are determined based on Slovin formula by 190 people. Third, calculate the proportion of samples in the four study areas with proportional random sampling. Data collection done through questionnaires which distributed through enumerators services, email and sent through the post. in addition, the researchers also conducted interviews with respondents directly. Furthermore, the data collected were processed using analysis of variance -based SEM with PLS software . The findings of this study is the first, entrepreneurial orientation significantly influence low cost strategy and differentiation strategy, but the effect is not significant to the sustainable innovation Second, low cost strategies significantly influence the sustainable innovation. Third, differentiation strategy significantly influence to the sustainable innovation. Fourth , sustainable innovation significantly influence the performance of Small Medium Enterprises . Dominant variable that affecting the sustainable innovation is differentiation strategy , thus it can be said that in implementing sustainable innovation and improve the performance of Small Medium Enterprises , especially in batik industry is more suitable with differentiation strategy , because batik is an Indonesian cultural heritage artworks that highlight characteristic area of ​​origin . However, for batik industry, batik Small Medium Enterprises can implement a hybrid strategy which is differentiation strategy and low cost strategies.Contribution of this study to scientific development is enriched theory of strategic management in based resources perspective, market-based and knowledge-based. Sustainable innovation is part of the evolution to be executed by the company's organization. Innovation come from creativity which is a collection of good ideas of knowledge, and experience that are in the human mind and then mixed into useful innovations on an ongoing basis. But innovation also identify customer needs of the present, and the future as well as develop new solutions to customer needs. in order to make the sustainable innovation more complete, it is recommended for further researcher, to add a field of study related to market-based and knowledge-based view. Keywords : Entrepreneurial Orientation, Low Cost Strategy, Differentiation Strategies, Sustainable Innovation, Performance Batik Small and Medium Enterprises
A Reassessment of the in vitro total protein content determination (TPC) with SIRC and 3T3 cells for the evaluation of the ocular irritation potential of shampoos: comparison with the in vivo Draize rabbit test

The aim of this work was to determine the correlation between results obtained from the Draize test and from the Total Protein Content Determination (TPC) to assess the ocular irritancy potential of 20 shampoos. For TPC, two established cell lines (SIRC and 3T3) were used. The concentration that induced 50% inhibition relative to controls (IC50) was calculated for each product. Among shampoos tested with SIRC, only one had a false positive result. However, for the 3T3, three false-negative results were found. Pearson coefficient related to the in vivo value of maximum average score (MAS) was -0.58 (p=0.007) with SIRC and -0.73 (p=0.007) with 3T3. These results showed that the TPC assay was capable to predict the ocular irritant potential of shampoos, and therefore was a promissory tool to be used as a preliminary assay for the detection of irritant products and to be part of a battery of screening tests to minimize the animal use in the Draize Test.
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AND LOYALTY FORMATION: A SYSTEMATIC EXAMINATION

The objective of the study was to offer a systematic approach to examine the potential differences in loyalty formation process across different demographic groups. A multiple-groups analysis was conducted and the findings revealed that : 1) travelers in different age and income segments exhibited no significant difference in their perception of the destination image, levels of satisfaction and loyalty; 2) travelers in different gender and education segments had different levels of image perceptions, but they formed comparable level of satisfaction and loyalty across groups; 3) the holistic loyalty formation process remained identical across demographic groups.
Hypothermic pulsatile perfusion of small pediatric en bloc kidneys: technical aspects and outcomes.

We read with interest the case report by Zendejas et al. (1) on hypothermic pulsatile perfusion (PP) of a pediatric en bloc kidney graft. We would like by to complement that communication by reporting on PP and transplantation of 16 pediatric en bloc kidneys— one of the largest single-center experiences published to date. All kidneys were perfused en bloc at our institution at 4°C with KPS-1 Belzer machine perfusion solution (Organ Recovery Systems, Des Plaines, IL) on an RM3 PP machine (Waters Instruments, Rochester, MN; 60 bmp, systolic pressures 20 –35 mm Hg). Definitive reconstruction of the proximal aorta was necessary before PP in 88% (2). No graft was discarded. All grafts were implanted extraperitoneally, anastomosing the distal donor aorta and inferior vena cava to the recipients’ iliac vessels (3, 4). Graft survival was 100% (mean follow-up, 18 months) (Table 1). In our experience, several specific technical-surgical considerations apply to PP of pediatric en bloc kidneys: (i) ideally, both donor iliac arteries are recovered in continuity with the aorta to use one artery for perfusion cannula insertion and the other artery for proximal aortic reconstruction (if necessary) (2); (ii) cannulation of an iliac artery (vs. the aorta) avoids distal aortic cannulation injuries and hence maximizes the distal donor aorta’s length that is usable for graft implantation; (iii) most grafts have proximal aortic cuffs that are too short to be simply temporarily clamped for PP initiation and therefore require definitive suprarenal aortic reconstruction before PP; and (iv) correct positioning of en bloc grafts during PP is crucial (Fig. 1). With two grafts from donors less than 10 kg, we initially noted no PP flow. Inspection of the grafts on the PP machine revealed that they had been positioned prone, “veins-down. ” The weight of the kidneys and interrenal tissues rested on the anterior—thin-walled—renal veins/ inferior vena cava, causing acute venous outflow obstruction. PP flow improved immediately after flipping both grafts into a supine, “veins-up” position. Such acute gravity-related effects are not observed with kidneys from larger donors. PP facilitates evaluation of en bloc grafts’ quality (e.g., with donation after cardiac death donors) and optimizes preservation quality and early function (5). The latter point is particularly relevant because PP preservation may compensate at least partially for any potential graft rewarming during the more extensive backtable procedures required by en bloc kidneys. Our 100% graft survival compares favorably with a smaller case series that reported a 38% en bloc graft thrombosis rate after PP preservation (6). The excellent early graft outcomes in our series and Zendejas’ case report
Canceling tradeoff between phase noise and phase error in parallel coupled quadrature oscillators

This paper presents an analytic approach for the estimation of the phase imbalances duo to mismatch between two LC-tank of oscillators. We derive equations with different coupling factors for the two coupled LC oscillators for more generality. We show that choosing appropriate inversely proportional coupling factors makes it possible to have exactly zero phase error. Choosing so hasn't any impact on phase noise, indeed the tradeoff between phase noise and phase error in coupled quadrature oscillators have been broken here. The theoretical results and proposed quadrature oscillator are evaluated and confirmed through simulations using TSMC 0.18 µm model technology on a 5-GHz quadrature oscillator with 1.8 V supply voltage.
A Simple Landmark Model for Vision-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping

Vision-based simultaneous localization and mapping algorithms using natural landmarks, while compelling in theory, have not until recently been considered extensive in practical real world. After years of research into natural landmark model, we propose the deployment of a simple but powerful landmark model. Our focus in this paper is not on SLAM algorithm can be made omniscient, reliable, and robust, but rather on presenting a novel approach for the pose estimation of the landmark model that could be integrated in V-SLAM. The pose estimation algorithm has been applied for indoor navigation successfully
7‐Nitro indazole, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, exhibits anti‐nociceptive activity in the mouse without increasing blood pressure

7‐Nitro indazole (7‐NI) inhibits mouse cerebellar nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in vitro with an IC50 of 0.47 μm. Following i.p. administration in mice, 7‐NI (10–50 mg kg−1) produces dose‐related anti‐nociception as evidenced by an inhibition of late phase (15–30 min) but not early phase (0–5 min) hindpaw licking time following subplantar injection of formalin (10 μl, 5% v/v). The ED50 for this effect was 26 mg kg−1 (equivalent to 159.5 μmol kg−1). Similar i.p. administration of 7‐NI (20 and 80 mg kg−1) in urethane‐anaesthetized mice failed to increase MAP. Thus, 7‐NI is a novel inhibitor of NOS which exhibits selectivity for the brain enzyme. Accordingly, 7‐NI may be a useful starting point for the development of selective, centrally acting NOS inhibitors devoid of cardiovascular side effects and as a tool to study the central pharmacological effects of nitric oxide (NO).
Manifestation of random phase in a finite ensemble of a turbulent fluid

A field can be specified by a set of spectral coefficients, c(j)(t), relative to an expansion basis. In fluid turbulence, one often assumes the condition that if one were to extract data from an ensemble of realizations, one would find that the average, , would vanish unless i = i('), as in the case of a homogeneous ensemble in which the i's represent wave vectors. We analytically treat an extension to the case in which one has a larger number of coefficients than realizations, introducing intrinsic linear dependences that vitiate the stated condition.
The unimportance of being (protein kinase C) epsilon1

The purpose of our study was to determine the mechanism through which phorbol esters and smooth muscle myosin phosphatase inhibitors can induce contraction of smooth muscle in the absence of Ca17+. Protein kinase C‐ε (PKC‐ε) was previously implicated in this process based largely on its supposed absence in the ferret portal vein, and a correlation was drawn between the presence of this isoform and the ability of smooth muscle to contract independently of Ca2+ and phosphorylation of the 20 kDa regulatory light chains of myosin (MLC20). We demonstrate here, with two antibodies, one to the NH2 terminus and the other to the COOH terminus of PKC‐ε, that ε is present in both ferret portal vein and rabbit portal vein smooth muscle, neither of which exhibits phorbol ester‐induced contraction in the absence of Ca2+. However, in the presence of clamped submaximal Ca2+, phorbol ester increased MLC20 phosphorylation from 17.7 ± 1.7% to 46.4 ± 3.6% in ferret portal vein smooth muscle and evoked an increase in force. Prolonged (48 h) incubation of ferret portal vein with phorbol esters completely down‐regulated PKC‐ε, as shown by Western blots, and abolished the phorbol ester‐evoked contraction at submaximal Ca2+, but not Ca2+‐independent, contractions induced by the phosphatase inhibitor microcystin. Contractions induced by microcystin in Ca2+‐free solution were associated with increased phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Activation of MLCK by autophosphorylation in the absence of Ca2+ occurs in vitro (1). We conclude that PKC‐ε is neither necessary nor sufficient for Ca2+‐independent regulation of myosin II in smooth muscle, but contractions induced by agents that inhibit smooth muscle myosin phosphatase in the absence of Ca2+ may be mediated by MLCK autophosphorylated or activated by another Ca2+‐independent kinase. —Walker, L. A. , Gailly, P., Jensen, P. E. , Somlyo, A. V. , Somlyo, A. P., The unimportance of being (protein kinase C) epsilon1. FASEB J. 12, 813–821 (1998)
High-speed and low power unified dual-field multiplier in GF (P) and GF (2m)

This paper presents a new hardware architecture for a unified multiplier, which operates in two types of finite field: GF (P) and GF (2m). We present a simple but highly useful modification of the conventional hardware implementation of accumulation in finite field over GF (P) and GF (2m). This new design uses parallel one's counters to accumulate the binary partial product bit in GF (P) and further uses a T flip-flop for binary extension field. The proposed multiplier in GF (2m) achieves 11.76% and 30.23% gain in speed for (8, 16, 32) and (64, 128) bit operands respectively and an average 3.92% reduction in power consumption. The unified dual field multiplier achieves 19.3% and 14.3% gain in speed and reduction in power consumption respectively for 8 bits operand. The proposed multiplier is scalable for operands of any size. The multiplier uses the LSB-first bit serial architecture for multiplication in GF (P) and GF (2m), other than Montgomery multiplication algorithm, which mostly employs existing dual field multipliers.
Untraceable Sensor Movement in Distributed IoT Infrastructure

Recent advances in information and communication technologies and embedded systems have given rise to a new disruptive technology, the Internet of Things (IoTs). IoT allows people and objects in the physical world as well as data and virtual environments to interact with each other so as to create smart environments, such as smart transport systems, smart cities, smart health, and so on. However, IoT raises some important questions and also introduces new challenges for the security of systems and processes and the privacy of individuals, such as their location and movements and so on. In this paper, at first, we propose a distributed IoT system architecture. Subsequently, we propose an anonymous authentication scheme, which can ensure some of the notable properties, such as sensor anonymity, sensor untraceability, resistance to replay attacks, cloning attacks, and so on. It is argued that the proposed authentication scheme will be useful in many distributed IoT applications (such as radio-frequency identification-based IoT system, Biosensor-based IoT healthcare system, and so on), where the privacy of the sensor movement is greatly desirable.
Use of Acid Suppression Medication is Associated With Risk for C. difficile Infection in Infants and Children: A Population-based Study.

BACKGROUND Acid suppression medication is associated with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults and is increasingly prescribed to children. This study evaluated the relationship between acid suppression medication and incident CDI in children. METHODS This was a population-based, nested case-control study. Patients were eligible if they were aged 0-17 years with 3 or more visits or 1 year or more of follow-up in the dataset. Patients were excluded if they had comorbidities that associate with CDI and might also associate with acid suppression medication. Patients with codes for CDI were matched 1:5 with control patients by age, sex, medical practice, time of entry into the dataset, and follow-up time. The primary exposure was use of acid suppression medication with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) within 8-90 days. RESULTS We identified 650 CDI cases and 3200 controls. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CDI and acid suppression medication was 7.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.24-18.1). Acid suppression medication was associated with CDI in infants aged <1 year (OR, 5.24; 95% CI, 1.13-24.4) and children aged 1-17 years (OR, 9.33; 95% CI, 3.25-26.8). There was increased risk for CDI with PPIs compared with H2RAs and with recent compared with distant exposure. CONCLUSIONS Acid suppression medication associated with CDI in infants and children in the outpatient setting, with an effect based on medication timing. Increased risk for CDI should be factored into the decision to use acid suppression medication in children.
Tethered Spinal Cord: Update of an Analysis of Published Articles

Two hundred and fifteen papers written in English between 1943-1994 addressing the issue of tethered spinal cord (TSC) were reviewed using established criteria for research design. Of 127 articles that were not reviews or case reports, 64% specified the diagnostic criteria used for TSC: only 6% discussed the representativeness of the sample. Observer bias was addressed in 6%: reliability in a mere 5%. Only 16% of the 43 articles dealing with clinical trials used a control group: in no case was it randomly chosen. Only 20% of the 25 articles addressing clinical course/prognosis utilized an inception cohort. A "gold standard" diagnostic test was used in 66% of the 44 studies dealing with the issue, but only 21% employed an independent blind comparison. Critical questions such as: What is the optimal surgery to prevent TSC? What is the optimal technique to repair TSC? Should surgery be performed on all asymptomatic children with TSC? Are changes in the appearance of the spinal cord associated with neurological deterioration? What is the role of TSC in scoliosis? cannot be answered because reliable data to answer them does not exist.
OLR based reconfigurable two/four-states UWB notch antenna

This paper presents design of two/four switching techniques for having reconfigurable possible WiMAX interference cancellation within ultra-wideband (UWB) spectrum. The employed switch is one/two open loop resonators with PIN diodes whereas the UWB antenna is a half disc monopole antenna with curved coplanar waveguide ground. All possible switching scenarios are addressed in the paper where the results confirm the successfulness of the reconfigurable notching process. The presented results are acquired using full electromagnetic wave simulation.
An oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor gene variant is inversely associated with the severity of coronary artery disease

Background: A lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor‐1 (LOX‐1) is the major receptor of oxidized LDL in endothelial cells. The expression of LOX‐1 was shown to be upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions. Recently, LOX‐1 gene polymorphism (G501C) was reported to be associated with myocardial infarction (MI).
Analysis of the genetic requirements for inducible multiple-antibiotic resistance associated with the mar locus in Escherichia coli

A series of novel genetic constructs derived from the marRAB operon was used to determine the role of this gene cluster in salicylate-inducible multiple-antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. Our findings indicate that regulated antibiotic resistance associated with this locus requires only the products of marR and marA, without any neighboring genes.