Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal high-fat diet influences outcomes after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rodents

The typical US diet has >30% calories from fat; yet, typical laboratory diets contain 17% calories from fat. This disparity could confound the clinical relevance of findings in cerebral ischemia models. We compared outcomes after neonatal brain injury in offspring of rat dams fed standard low-fat chow (17% fat calories) or a higher fat diet (34% fat calories) from day 7 of pregnancy. On postnatal day 7, hypoxic-ischemic injury was induced by right carotid ligation, followed by 60, 75 or 90 min 8% oxygen exposure. Sensorimotor function, brain damage, and serum and brain fatty acid content were compared 1 to 4 weeks later. All lesioned animals developed left forepaw placing deficits; scores were worse in the high-fat groups (p < 0.0001, ANOVA). Similarly, reductions in left forepaw grip strength were more pronounced in the high-fat groups. Severity of right hemisphere damage increased with hypoxia-ischemia duration but did not differ between diet groups. Serum and brain docosahexaenoic acid fatty acid fractions were lower in high-fat progeny (p < 0.05, ANOVA). We speculate that the high-fat diet disrupted docosahexaenoic acid-dependent recovery mechanisms. These findings have significant implications both for refinement of neonatal brain injury models and for understanding the impact of maternal diet on neonatal neuroplasticity.
Acupuncture Care for Breast Cancer Patients During Chemotherapy: A Feasibility Study

Acupuncture care delivered pragmatically as an adjunct to conventional care may lead to improvements in quality of life and alleviation of conventional treatment-related side effects among breast cancer patients. Patient perceptions and expectations of treatment and the therapeutic relationship inherent to acupuncture care could modify treatment effects. The aim of this study was to design a rigorous feasibility study in preparation for trial to evaluate the effects of acupuncture care (a whole system) on the fatigue experienced by patients undergoing conventional treatment of their breast cancer. Phase 1 included the development of a treatment protocol for a short course of acupuncture care for patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Defining best practice in this context will ensure that the intervention tested will have meaning and validity for all professional acupuncturists. Phase 2 will be a randomized feasibility pilot study using the acupuncture treatment protocol for 40 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The study will use a mixed-methods approach involving both qualitative and quantitative assessments. Outcome assessment will include validated measures for fatigue, quality of life, and depression. The proposed study will tell us what effects of acupuncture care are important to the patient and address acupuncture as it is practiced in the real world. Results from this study will enable a definitive randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture care for fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
StrandAdvantage test for early‐line and advanced‐stage treatment decisions in solid tumors

Comprehensive genetic profiling of tumors using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) is gaining acceptance for guiding treatment decisions in cancer care. We designed a cancer profiling test combining both deep sequencing and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of relevant cancer targets to aid therapy choices in both standard‐of‐care (SOC) and advanced‐stage treatments for solid tumors. The SOC report is provided in a short turnaround time for four tumors, namely lung, breast, colon, and melanoma, followed by an investigational report. For other tumor types, an investigational report is provided. The NGS assay reports single‐nucleotide variants (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs), and translocations in 152 cancer‐related genes. The tissue‐specific IHC tests include routine and less common markers associated with drugs used in SOC settings. We describe the standardization, validation, and clinical utility of the StrandAdvantage test (SA test) using more than 250 solid tumor formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples and control cell line samples. The NGS test showed high reproducibility and accuracy of >99%. The test provided relevant clinical information for SOC treatment as well as more information related to investigational options and clinical trials for >95% of advanced‐stage patients. In conclusion, the SA test comprising a robust and accurate NGS assay combined with clinically relevant IHC tests can detect somatic changes of clinical significance for strategic cancer management in all the stages.
N‐Cadherin Regulates Cell Migration Through a Rab5‐Dependent Temporal Control of Macropinocytosis

Macropinocytosis is a clathrin‐independent endocytic pathway implicated in fluid uptake, pathogen invasion and cell migration. During collective cell migration, macropinocytosis occurs primarily at membrane ruffles arising from the leading edges of migrating cells. We report here that N‐cadherin (Ncad) regulates the tempo of macropinocytosis and thereby influences wound‐induced collective cell migration. Using live‐cell and super‐resolution imaging techniques, we observed that Ncad formed clusters at the membrane ruffles and macropinosomes. De‐clustering of Ncad by an interfering antibody impaired the recruitment of Rab5‐an early endosomal marker‐to the macropinosomes. Moreover, we demonstrated that Ncad interacts with Rab5, and laser ablation of Ncad caused Rab5 to dissociate from the macropinosomes. Although Rab5 detached from macropinosomes upon the de‐clustering of Ncad, the recruitment of late endosomal marker Rab7 occurred earlier. Consequently, both centripetal trafficking of macropinosomes and collective migration were accelerated due to de‐clustering of Ncad. Thus, our results suggest that Ncad is involved in the maturation of macropinocytosis through Rab5 recruitment, linking macropinocytosis and cell migration through a novel function of Ncad.
High Speed Orthogonal Waveform Based Indoor Wireless Transmission by an UWB and 60 GHz Dual Band System

With several GHz spectra available worldwide, the 60 GHz unlicensed band seems being able to solve the bandwidth scarcity problem well known in wireless communications. However, the channel impairments and high carrier frequency raise challenges to achieve high data rate in indoor environments. It is observed that the UWB system is related to the 60 GHz system in terms of available spectrum and target applications. It is therefore reasonable to employ the signal processing and coding scheme well developed in UWB systems into 60 GHz systems for high system performance. In this paper, we propose an orthogonal waveform based dual band system for indoor wireless communication. The air interfaces of dual bands are integrated together by sharing a common baseband processing. According to the system configuration, the pulses with their spectrum at UWB band are directly fed into UWB frontend, or up-converted to 60 GHz band. The merits of proposed system include: (1) It is cost efficient due to the integration of dual bands; (2) The parallel transmission of orthogonal pulses are capable of fighting against channel impairments with a simple transceiver implementation; and (3) It provides flexibility to efficiently utilize frequency resources.
Breastfeeding Attitudes in a Sample of Spanish-Speaking Hispanic American Women

This descriptive, cross-sectional study examined attitudes toward breastfeeding in 57 Spanishspeaking Hispanic American women. Participants were asked to complete a Spanish version of the Breastfeeding Behavior Questionnaire (Cuestionario de Comportamiento Amamantar). The instrument is composed of 12 vignettes to which women agreed or disagreed using a Likert-type scale. Content validity was ascertained by a group of Spanish-speaking health professionals, and a Pearson correlation coefficient of . 96 was calculated for test-retest reliability. Women were also interviewed for demographic data, reproductive history, and experience with breastfeeding. Mean scores on the instrument revealed generally positive attitudes toward breastfeeding. Although recent evidence suggests that breastfeeding initiation has been decreasing in Hispanic women, more than 90% of the women in this sample stated that their intention was to breastfeed and felt that they were supported in their decision by significant others.
Prescription monitoring of anti-hypertensive drug utilisation at the Panjab University Health Centre in India.

INTRODUCTION The present pilot study was conducted in order to establish the drug-prescribing trend of anti-hypertensive agents at the Panjab University Health Centre in India. METHODS A pilot study of six-month duration was conducted at the Panjab University Health Centre. The information was collected from the patients attending the outpatient department through a random sample method. World Health Organisation-based prescription-auditing proforma was used for data collection. RESULTS This study revealed that most of the male patients were on monotherapy (60 percent). In the monotherapy category, four classes of drugs were used. These were calcium channel blockers (48.1 percent), beta-blockers (46.2 percent), ACE inhibitors (3.9 percent) and diuretics (1.9 percent). Among monotherapy drugs, calcium channel blockers were prescribed most whereas diuretics were least used. Among those who were treated with drug combinations, 92.1% received two drugs and 7.9 percent received three drugs. In combination therapy, a two-drug combination consisting of beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers was given to the majority of the patients. Overall, 57.8 percent patients were treated with a single anti-hypertensive drug and 42.2 percent were treated with anti-hypertensive drug combinations. CONCLUSION The present study represents the current prescribing trend for anti-hypertensive agents and it highlights certain shortcomings in the existing prescribing practice. There is a considerable scope for improvement, particularly the under-utilisation of diuretics in the present prescribing pattern of anti-hypertensive drugs.
Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Intervention to Implement Smoking Guidelines in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers: Increased Use of Medications Without Cessation Benefit

Background:The AHRQ Clinical Practice Guideline for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence recommends screening and treatment of all tobacco users. Effective methods to implement recommendations are needed because simple guideline dissemination does not necessarily result in changes in practice. Objectives:The Guideline Implementation for Tobacco (GIFT) study tested an organizational intervention to improve Guideline implementation. Research Design:GIFT randomized 20 Veterans Affairs medical centers to intervention or control conditions. We trained prime movers at each site to improve identification of smoking status, promote primary care interventions and increase availability of smoking cessation medications. Sites and patients were evaluated before and after intervention. Subjects:GIFT included 20 Veterans Affairs medical centers and 5678 subjects. Measures:Data regarding smoking status, delivery of treatment, medication use, and smoking cessation were collected from participant surveys, medical record review, survey of site leaders, and Pharmacy Benefits Management. Results:The intervention did not increase participant report of being asked about smoking status or receipt of counseling. It did increase the rate of identification of smoking status in the medical record (P = 0.0001) but did not increase the rate of counseling to stop smoking. Site level data showed no increase in the number of patients receiving smoking cessation medications or dollars spent on medications. Individual smoker data showed a significant increase in the use of medications for smoking cessation in intervention sites (odds ratio = 6.89, P < 0.0001); however, only a small minority of smokers received medication even after the intervention. There was no difference in smoking cessation rates between participants at the intervention and treatment sites. Conclusions:We conclude that improvements in smoking cessation rates are likely to require more intensive intervention in this population.
SynergEyes Lenses for Keratoconus

Purpose: To discuss the initial results of fitting SynergEyes hybrid contact lenses (SynergEyes, Inc, Carlsbad, CA) for keratoconus (KC) and pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD). Methods: The charts of patients fit with SynergEyes lenses during the first 7 months the lens was available on the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Institute (August 3, 2006 to March 5, 2007) were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Sixty-one eyes (44 patients) with KC (58 eyes) or PMD (3 eyes) were fit with SynergEyes hybrid contacts. The mean age was 40 ± 12.6 years; the mean follow-up period was 7.8 ± 4.6 months. The most common indication for SynergEyes was rigid gas permeable (RGP) lens intolerance, 31 of 61 eyes (50.8%). Inability to fit with RGP was the indication in 8 eyes (13.1%), and 22 eyes (36%) were refit from SoftPerm (Ciba Vision, Corp, Duluth, GA). Twenty-two patients required refitting, including 17 base curve changes and 5 skirt changes. The success rate was 86.9% (53 of 61 eyes). Most failures (8 eyes of 6 patients) discontinued the lens within the first 1-2 months because of discomfort (5 eyes) or unsatisfactory vision (3 eyes). Conclusion: SynergEyes lenses are a promising alternative for visual rehabilitation in patients with KC and PMD who are intolerant or unable to be fit in RGP lenses.
Human placenta - stem cell source for obtaining pancreatic progenitors.

OBJECTIVES The apparition of sugar diabetes is produced by the decrease of the number and capacity of beta cells to secrete insulin. Cell mass recovery through cell therapy might be one of the solutions for treating this disease. The use of various cell sources of different differentiation grades has been tried over the last years. Decoding the molecular mechanisms of the pancreatic morphogenesis is essential for obtaining cells having a phenotype, which would be very similar to the mature cells located in the pancreatic endocrine component. In this study, in order to obtain pancreatic progenitors, we used stem cells harvested from the mesenchymal component of the amniotic membrane, cells with particular immunological properties, which are effective in transplant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated cells from the placenta (amniotic membrane) have undergone a three-stage differentiation protocol. The modulation of glucose concentration, the type of substrate (collagen + laminin) and the use of nicotinamide and exedin-4 were the main selective conditions of differentiation microenvironment. The differentiated cells were analyzed from the point of view of proteins (immunofluorescence - IF), gene expression (real-time polymerase chain reaction - RT-PCR) and morphological changes. RESULTS Isolated cells from the placenta membrane induced for pancreatic differentiation expressed transcription factors, which are characteristic for pancreatic progenitors (Pdx1 and PAX4). During the experiment, the cells modified their morphology by forming islet-like clusters. They were positively for dithizone staining and expressed insulin as shown by immunocytochemistry. CONCLUSIONS The isolated cells from the placenta can be differentiated towards pancreatic progenitors by using specific protocols.
Brief report: Use and misuse of thyroid ultrasound in the initial workup of patients with suspected thyroid problems referred by primary care physicians to an endocrine clinic

AbstractBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Thyroid ultrasound (TUS) plays an important but limited role in the evaluation of some complaints related to the thyroid gland. This study was designed to examine how primary care physicians use TUS before referring patients to an endocrine clinic. DESIGN: We audited all charts of first-time referrals for appropriateness of TUS use. Recommendations in practice guidelines and current textbooks defined appropriate indications for TUS: (1) patients with a thyroid nodule and a history of head or neck irradiation; (2) follow-up of patients with nodules not surgically removed; and (3) evaluation of patients with amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis. SETTING: Endocrine referral clinic in a teaching hospital in Israel. RESULTS: Two hundred and eight unselected referrals were reviewed. Sixty-nine (33%) of the patients presented with a TUS. Documented reasons for TUS were suspected thyroid mass (n=35, 51%), thyroid dysfunction (n=21, 30%), neck pain (n=5, 7%), dyspnea (n=4, 6%), and dysphagia (n=2, 3%). Of the 69 TUS reviewed, 64 (93%) were not appropriate. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care clinicians obtain TUS studies in patients without recommended indications prior to referral to an end-ocrinologist.
Why post on social networking sites (SNS)? Examining motives for visiting and sharing pilgrimage experiences on SNS

Traditional pilgrimages were driven by religious beliefs; modern tourists instead visit pilgrimage destinations in response to various motives, including the search for individual, spiritual peace. Despite the increasing popularity of pilgrimage and social network sites (SNS) among tourists, little research has considered what motivates tourists to visit pilgrimage destinations and then post their pilgrimage experiences on SNS. This study identifies travelers’ motivations to visit pilgrimage destinations as well as antecedents of their intentions to share their pilgrimage experiences on SNS. An online survey, administered to 304 adults in the United States, reveals that spiritual, travel, friendship, self-presentation, and status motives relate positively to intentions to visit pilgrimage destinations and share pilgrimage experiences on SNS. The significance of the motives also differs with the level of religious belief. This study provides practical implications that can help the tourism industry develop enhanced pilgrimage destination marketing strategies.
The dentitions of the Tritheledontidae (Therapsida: Cynodontia)

Three previously described monospecific genera of ictidosaurians (Tritheledontidae) are recognized on the basis of their postcanine dentitions. The least specialized is Pachygenelus monus, Watson (1913), the complete dentition of which is described for the first time: five specimens are described and referred to this species. The postcanine teeth of Diarthrognathus broomi, Crompton (1958) are described for the first time; they are derivable from those of Pachygenelus though considerably more specialized. Tritheledon riconoi, Broom (1912), from which the family derives its name, consists of a single specimen containing upper post-canines only; these are not closely comparable with the uppers of the other two genera but bear a strong resemblance to the lower postcanines of Diarthrognathus. The family is closely implicated in the origin of mammals and the possibility of polyphyly in the origin of mammals is raised.
Separation of rat tissue histone H1 subtypes by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. Identification and assignment to a standard H1 nomenclature.

H1 histones from rat liver and rat testis were separated by reverse-phase h.p.l.c. Within 40 min six subfractions (H1(0), H1b, H1a, H1d, H1e + H1c and H1c) and seven subfractions (H1(0), H1b, H1a, H1d, H1e + H1c, H1c and H1t) respectively were isolated by using a linear acetonitrile gradient. Each individual H1 subtype was identified either by comparing the H1 variants (contained in both tissues but in different quantities) or by SDS/PAGE and acetic acid/urea/PAGE. Moreover, all H1 variants were characterized by amino acid analyses. The amino acid compositions of rat histone subfractions H1(0), H1b and H1e were determined for the first time. It was possible to classify unambiguously the H1 subfractions obtained by h.p.l.c. by following the standardized H1 nomenclature for electrophoretic systems recommended by Lennox, Oshima & Cohen [(1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 5183-5189]. Incorrect assignments that have been made in various publications are discussed.
A study of attached and oriented human periodontal ligament cells to periodontally diseased cementum and dentin after demineralizing with neutral and low pH etching solution.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate quantitatively the migrated, attached, and oriented human periodontal ligament cells (HPLC) to periodontally diseased cementum and dentin after demineralization with low and neutral pH etching solution. METHODS Human teeth, extracted due to periodontal diseases, were scaled and root planed so that cementum remained on one longitudinal half of the root and dentin was exposed on the other half. Forty root slices of 200 microm thickness, obtained from the mid-third of these roots, were divided into four groups: group 1, demineralized with a saturated solution of citric acid (pH 1.20); group 2, with 24% EDTA (pH 7.04); group 3, with tetracycline HCl 100 mg/ml (pH 2.00); and group 4, only scaled and root planed (control). Root slices were placed over the confluent HPLC in 35 mm culture dishes and incubated. Phase contrast microscopic photographs of attached and oriented refractile HPLC to root surfaces were taken at days 1, 3, and 7. Quantitative analysis of attached and oriented HPLC from these photographs was done using special software. RESULTS The results showed no significant difference in the attachment and orientation index of HPLC to cementum compared to dentin in any method of demineralization at each time point (P >0.05), although there was a significantly higher cell attachment and orientation index to demineralized dentin with EDTA and citric acid than to non-etched dentin and to all 3 demineralized cementum surfaces compared to non-etched cementum (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS EDTA and citric acid demineralization may enhance HPLC attachment and orientation to the root surface, and it is not always necessary to remove excessive cementum when the demineralizing procedure is used.
Understanding Chinese Overseas Recreational Vehicle Tourists: A Netnographic and Comparative Approach

A new group of participants, young, independent, technology empowered Chinese tourists, are entering the international recreational vehicle (RV) drive market. This study addressed three research questions: Who are they? Why do they travel in this style? Where do they go? Netnography was undertaken as the research approach. The findings were contextualized by comparison with existing knowledge about mature RV users (e.g., Grey Nomads, Snowbirds, and retirees). It was found that the Chinese RV tourists share some commonalities with the mature RV market. The differences, however, were also substantial. Implications for other markets and destinations in developing the international driving market are offered. Furthermore, the use of netnography to offer insights to understand new markets and/or new activities is highlighted.
CLASSIFICATION OF RURAL HENAN ECONOMY FROM THE MICROSCOPIC PERSPECTIVE

Based on these data of 2 191 townships in Henan Province,this paper uses the location state,economic development,social development,support condition of land resources,science and education management of every township to construct the economic system of rural Henan.Using principal components analysis,rural Henan is divided into four types,which include these areas to be affluent,to be well-off,to dress warmly and eat one's fill,and to be poor.Then,rural Henan can be more divided into 9 sub-areas and 28 small rural areas.The paper also expatiates on the spatial distribution and social-economic development characteristics of each type.In the end,the conclusion of the paper can provide some scientific suggestions for making regional development policies.