Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vascular Risk Factors for Incident Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia: The Cache County Study

Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) have been evaluated; however, few studies have compared risks by dementia subtypes and sex. We evaluated relationships between cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and obesity), events (stroke, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and myocardial infarction), and subsequent risk of AD and VaD by sex in a community-based cohort of 3264 Cache County residents aged 65 or older. Cardiovascular history was ascertained by self-report or proxy-report in detailed interviews. AD and VaD were diagnosed using standard criteria. Estimates from discrete-time survival models showed no association between self-reported history of hypertension and high cholesterol and AD after adjustments. Hypertension increased the risk of VaD [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95-7.44]. Obesity increased the risk of AD in females (aHR 2.23, 95% CI 1.09-4.30) but not males. Diabetes increased the risk of VaD in females after adjustments (aHR 3.33, 95% CI 1.03-9.78) but not males. The risk of VaD after stroke was increased in females (aHR 16.90, 95% CI 5.58-49.03) and males (aHR 10.95, 95% CI 2.48-44.78). The results indicate that vascular factors increase risks for AD and VaD differentially by sex. Future studies should focus on specific causal pathways for each of these factors with regard to sex to determine if sex differences in the prevalence of vascular factors have an influence on sex differences in dementia risk.
Rett Syndrome: Dual Intervention – Music and Physical Therapy

Music and physical therapy (dual intervention approach) with individuals with Rett syndrome was initiated as a result of the complexity and challenging features this disorder encompasses. Rett syndrome is a genetic disorder affecting mainly females. Due to its debilitating characteristics, physical activity and physical therapy is highly recommended, although typically disliked by this population. Music therapy has long been suggested as a preferred therapy intervention, highly effective and greatly loved by the Rett syndrome population. In order to address the Rett patients' physical and medical needs and at the same time take into consideration their emotional and communicative needs, thus maintaining a broad perspective and a better quality treatment, the dual treatment program of music and physical therapy was introduced. This intervention approach has enabled both therapists to raise the physical requirements of the patient without the threat of the patient rejecting the therapy program. At the same time the dual approach proved effective in improving the child's communication skills. This paper will present a dual music and physical intervention approach and its application in one case example of a child with Rett syndrome. A video of this case example can be viewed on the NJMTwebsite: www.njmt. no
Limosa: a system for geographic user interest analysis in Twitter

In this demonstration, we present Limosa, an interactive system for visualization of geographic interests of users in Twitter. The system supports the modeling of comprehensive geographic characteristics of topics discussed in microblogs, both with respect to locations that postings originate from and also locations mentioned within the posting itself. Limosa then provides visualizations of geographic user interests, including the geographic scope of topics, terms, or the semantics associated with specific locations. Using a variety of recommendation strategies, we show that Limosa provides effective news and user recommendations.
The ‘research–teaching nexus’ and ‘education through research’: an exploration of ambivalences

This article presents and discusses the results of a literature review that was conducted in order to understand ambivalences observed in reflections on the research–teaching nexus. As a result of this literature review, it is possible to attribute these ambivalences to the mixed use of two approaches: on the one hand, a functional approach that regards research as a tool in the learning environment in order to develop competencies that are functional for the knowledge society, and, on the other hand, an idealistic approach that regards research as a process of edification and understands academic education as participation in research. This article examines these two approaches and discusses the critical issues that have to be taken into account in order to deal with the ambivalences.
Comments on Bevir's The Logic of the History of Ideas

Bevir's main claim is that authorial intention will give us access to textual meaning and he attacks historians such as Pocock and Foucault for failing to see this. In this essay it is argued: 1) that we need not doubt the existence of authorial intention, but 2) that it is an epistemological redundancy in the practice of the history of ideas.
Fast Measurements of Entangled Photons

We report on a system for the generation and measurement of polarization entangled photons. High speed quantum state tomographies with a raw fidelity of >; 91 % with respect to an ideal entangled state are recorded in <; 2 seconds, with longer-term accidental-count subtracted fidelities exceeding 99%. Two-photon interference measurements are recorded using an automated alignment and measurement procedure with the signal distributed over 20 km of fiber. These high speed measurement methods are useful for high rate monitoring of entangled states.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and its genotype in Lanzhou, Western China

The seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Lanzhou, Western China was studied. HCV genotypes in 20 patients with HCV infection was determined by genotype‐specific primer for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on HCV core region and compared with the genotype assigned by sequence comparison and molecular evolutionary analysis based on the same region. Antibody to HCV (anti‐HCV) was present in 2.5% of volunteer blood donors and in 35.0% of paid blood donors (P < 0.01). HCV infection is uncommon in patients with liver disease who attended liver clinics in this locality; 4.0% with acute hepatitis and 4.0% with chronic hepatitis, 10.0% with liver cirrhosis, and none with hepatocellular carcinoma were seropositive for anti‐HCV. Genotype 1b and 2a were both found to be prevalent. Together, they accounted for 19 of 20 (95%) patients with HCV infection. Sequencing of the HCV core region from two patients showed that the assignment of HCV genotype by genotype‐specific primers for PCR matched well with the genotyping results based on sequence comparison and molecular evolutionary analysis. These data showed that HCV is present in Western China, HCV infection is more common in paid blood donors, and HCV genotypes 1b and 2a are both prevalent in Western China. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interaction of βA3-Crystallin with Deamidated Mutants of αA- and αB-Crystallins

Interaction among crystallins is required for the maintenance of lens transparency. Deamidation is one of the most common post-translational modifications in crystallins, which results in incorrect interaction and leads to aggregate formation. Various studies have established interaction among the α- and β-crystallins. Here, we investigated the effects of the deamidation of αA- and αB-crystallins on their interaction with βA3-crystallin using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy-fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FLIM-FRET) methods. SPR analysis confirmed adherence of WT αA- and WT αB-crystallins and their deamidated mutants with βA3-crystallin. The deamidated mutants of αA–crystallin (αA N101D and αA N123D) displayed lower adherence propensity for βA3-crystallin relative to the binding affinity shown by WT αA-crystallin. Among αB-crystallin mutants, αB N78D displayed higher adherence propensity whereas αB N146D mutant showed slightly lower binding affinity for βA3-crystallin relative to that shown by WT αB-crystallin. Under the in vivo condition (FLIM-FRET), both αA-deamidated mutants (αA N101D and αA N123D) exhibited strong interaction with βA3-crystallin (32±4% and 36±4% FRET efficiencies, respectively) compared to WT αA-crystallin (18±4%). Similarly, the αB N78D and αB N146D mutants showed strong interaction (36±4% and 22±4% FRET efficiencies, respectively) with βA3-crystallin compared to 18±4% FRET efficiency of WT αB-crystallin. Further, FLIM-FRET analysis of the C-terminal domain (CTE), N-terminal domain (NTD), and core domain (CD) of αA- and αB-crystallins with βA3-crystallin suggested that interaction sites most likely reside in the αA CTE and αB NTD regions, respectively, as these domains showed the highest FRET efficiencies. Overall, results suggest that similar to WT αA- and WTαB-crystallins, the deamidated mutants showed strong interactionfor βA3-crystallin. Variable in vitro and in vivo interactions are most likely due to the mutant’s large size oligomers, reduced hydrophobicity, and altered structures. Together, the results suggest that deamidation of α-crystallin may facilitate greater interaction and the formation of large oligomers with other crystallins, and this may contribute to the cataractogenic mechanism.
An Integrated Risk Function for Estimating the Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure

Background: Estimating the burden of disease attributable to long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ambient air requires knowledge of both the shape and magnitude of the relative risk (RR) function. However, adequate direct evidence to identify the shape of the mortality RR functions at the high ambient concentrations observed in many places in the world is lacking. Objective: We developed RR functions over the entire global exposure range for causes of mortality in adults: ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer (LC). We also developed RR functions for the incidence of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) that can be used to estimate mortality and lost-years of healthy life in children < 5 years of age. Methods: We fit an integrated exposure–response (IER) model by integrating available RR information from studies of ambient air pollution (AAP), second hand tobacco smoke, household solid cooking fuel, and active smoking (AS). AS exposures were converted to estimated annual PM2.5 exposure equivalents using inhaled doses of particle mass. We derived population attributable fractions (PAFs) for every country based on estimated worldwide ambient PM2.5 concentrations. Results: The IER model was a superior predictor of RR compared with seven other forms previously used in burden assessments. The percent PAF attributable to AAP exposure varied among countries from 2 to 41 for IHD, 1 to 43 for stroke, < 1 to 21 for COPD, < 1 to 25 for LC, and < 1 to 38 for ALRI. Conclusions: We developed a fine particulate mass–based RR model that covered the global range of exposure by integrating RR information from different combustion types that generate emissions of particulate matter. The model can be updated as new RR information becomes available. Citation: Burnett RT, Pope CA III, Ezzati M, Olives C, Lim SS, Mehta S, Shin HH, Singh G, Hubbell B, Brauer M, Anderson HR, Smith KR, Balmes JR, Bruce NG, Kan H, Laden F, Prüss-Ustün A, Turner MC, Gapstur SM, Diver WR, Cohen A. 2014. An integrated risk function for estimating the global burden of disease attributable to ambient fine particulate matter exposure. Environ Health Perspect 122:397–403; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/ehp.1307049
Normative Data on the IOWA Conners Teacher Rating Scale

Obtained ratings on the IOWA Conners Teacher Rating Scale for 608 boys and girls from kindergarten through fifth grade in two elementary schools. Means, standard deviations, and suggested cutoff scores are reported by grade and sex for this sample on the Inattention/Overactivity and the Aggression (Oppositional/Defiant) subscales. Significant grade and sex effects are discussed, and implications for differential diagnosis of attention deficit and conduct disorders are addressed.
Vision-based indoor localization approach based on SURF and landmark

Image based indoor localization is an important problem with many useful application. This paper proposes an indoor localization system for performing fine localization and less latency with more priori information, including tile angel and the relative height between camera optical center and origin in reference coordinate system (RCS). The system is divided into two stages: offline stage and online stage. SURF(Speed-Up Robust Features) technique and learning line method are performed by establishing an image database in offline stage, which makes preparation for next stage. In online stage, position and direction angle's estimation are performed by homography matrix and learning line. Compared with the performance of other related literature works, our method reduces the storage overhead of database, which indicates less latency in actual applications. What will be also demonstrated is that the proposed system can keep error in sub-meter range and get the fine direction angle of the device.
Mental health recovery on care farms and day centres: a qualitative comparative study of users’ perspectives

Abstract Purpose: Mental health services increasingly incorporate the vision of recovery. This qualitative study analysed and compared experiences of recovery on prevocational services, in order to assess if users make progress towards recovery, relative to a staged recovery model. Method: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with participants on care farms (n = 14), work (n = 7) and creative projects (n = 5). Results: The transition from past to current lives was described as a progressive, non-linear process, with different stages guided by different goals. Participants on creative projects lacked clear goals, presented less interest in peers and high need for emotional support. Participants on work projects aimed for occupational rehabilitation, but struggled with the patient culture of the peer community. Participants on care farms aimed for daytime occupations and closer contact with society. They experienced care farms as open, real-life work settings where they could exercise responsibility and connect with people. Conclusions: Participants progressed towards recovery, as care farms, work- and creative projects empowered them to leave behind inactive, isolated or disorganized living. In day centres, users focused on self-reflection and personal development (creative projects) or on occupational performance (work projects), whereas on care farms, users fulfilled worker roles in a real-life, open community environment. Implications for Rehabilitation Organized as open communities in real-life settings, care farms facilitate the reflection on personal and social responsibility, and therefore have the potential to help users internalize worker identities and improve their motivation to progress towards recovery. Supervisors on care farms are regarded by users as close contacts within the social networks they develop on the service, a position that allows supervisors to actively engage and promote users’ progress towards recovery. Elements of the farm environment (such as the “normal life”, presence of family members and visitors, and nature) can serve as anchors for supporting the progress towards recovery.
Physiological Stress Responses in Filipino-American Immigrant Nurses: The Effects of Residence Time, Life-Style, and Job Strain

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between measures of Americanization (the adoption of American life-style and culture) and physiological measures of stress in Filipino-American immigrants. Methods Ambulatory blood pressure monitors and timed urine collections were used to evaluate blood pressure and urinary catecholamine excretion across the work, home, and sleep daily settings among 31 healthy, premenopausal, immigrant Filipino-American women employed as nurses or nurse’s aides. Migration history and life-style were evaluated from questionnaire responses. Reported job strain, decision latitude, and psychological demand were obtained from the Job Content Questionnaire. Results Immigrants who had lived longer in the United States had elevated norepinephrine levels in the work and home settings ( p < .05), higher diastolic blood pressure during sleep (p < .01), and lower dips in blood pressure during sleep (p < .05). Job strain measures were not related to blood pressure, catecholamine excretion rates, or residence time in the United States. Conclusions The results suggest that indicators of stress increase as a function of time since immigration, although this result is not explained by self-reports of identification with Filipino or American life-style or by measures of job strain.
Looking Forward to Adolescence

One hundred five parents were surveyed about their expectations for what their relationship with their sixth-grade child would be like when their child becomes an adolescent. Parents rated a series of items concerning how much they felt they could influence their child's behaviors and interests currently and when their child becomes an adolescent. Parents also rated their child's level of pubertal development on several items, as well as the quality of their current relationship with their child Findings suggest that mothers and fathers do not differ in their expectations for how their sons or daughters will change as they move into adolescence. Nevertheless, the relation between the gender of the child and parental expectations, taking the child's pubertal status into account, is mediated by current parent-child relationships in predicting parental expectations for change during adolescence. These findings are discussed in terms of the impact current parent-child relationships can have on future relationships.
A 1.5g SMA-actuated Microglider looking for the Light

Unpowered flight can be used in microrobotics to overcome ground obstacles and to increase the traveling distance per energy unit. In order to explore the potential of goal-directed gliding in the domain of miniature robotics, we developed a 22cm microglider weighing a mere 1.5g and flying at around 1.5m/s. It is equipped with sensors and electronics to achieve phototaxis, which can be seen as a minimal level of control autonomy. A novel 0.2g shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator for steering control has been specifically designed and integrated to keep the overall weight as low as possible. In order to characterize autonomous operation of this robot, we developed an experimental setup consisting of a launching device and a light source positioned lm below and 4m away with varying angles with respect to the launching direction. Statistical analysis of 36 autonomous flights demonstrate its flight and phototaxis efficiency.
Measuring the sources and content of relational uncertainty

Uncertainty reduction theory suggests that the self, the partner, and the relationship constitute three sources of uncertainty within interpersonal relationships; however, existing operationaliza‐tions of uncertainty focus predominately on partner issues. More recent extensions of the uncertainty construct to developed relationships call for a measure that both captures the range of uncertainty as originally conceptualized and attends to the uncertainty issues relevant in ongoing associations. We conducted a study of individuals in dating relationships to develop a measure that assesses the sources and content of relational uncertainty. Results identified three content issues for uncertainty focused on either the self or the partner: desire for the relationship, evaluation of the relationship, and goals for the relationship. Uncertainty about the relationship encompassed four content issues: behavioral norms for the relationship, mutuality of feelings between the partners, current definition of the relati.
Towards a Code of Best Practice for Evaluating Air Traffic Control Interfaces

The quality of computer interfaces in transportation command and control centres is vital to safe and smooth operations. Air Traffic Control (ATC) is probably the most dynamic area in transportation where a large amount of information is presented to the air traffic controller within a short timeframe. Future Air Traffic Interfaces (ATI) are on the horizon with more information and added levels of sophistication. Safety is becoming a default constraint in current systems and evaluating the usability of these interfaces has been seen traditionally as crucial for ensuring high operational safety standards. To this end, a strong business case for evaluating the usability of interfaces necessarily requires a full-scale justification of the usability study and its associated cost. The benefits of performing such an evaluation also need to be communicated to decision makers in terms of economic values and gains. It is at this point that the field of operational analysis intersects with human factor research. This paper outlines a methodology for conducting usability studies for ATI. The methodology has been designed to connect higher-level organisational objectives with low-level usability metrics. The methodology will be presented towards establishing a code of best practice for the design and conduct of usability studies in this domain. While the results can be generalised to other transportation command and control interfaces, this paper focuses on ATC because this code of best practice is tailored towards ATC functions.
Translations of the Callhome Egyptian Arabic corpus for conversational speech translation

Translation of the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, also known as speech translation, has received a lot of research interest recently. This is especially true for programs such as DARPA BOLT which focus on improving spontaneous human-human conversation across languages. However, this research is hindered by the dearth of datasets developed for this explicit purpose. For Egyptian Arabic-English, in particular, no parallel speechtranscription-translation dataset exists in the same domain. In order to support research in speech translation, we introduce the Callhome Egyptian Arabic-English Speech Translation Corpus. This supplements the existing LDC corpus with four reference translations for each utterance in the transcripts. The result is a three-way parallel dataset of Egyptian Arabic Speech, transcriptions and English translations.
On Demodulation, Ridge Detection, and Synchrosqueezing for Multicomponent Signals

In this paper, we present a novel technique for the retrieval of the modes of a multicomponent signal using a time-frequency (TF) representation of the signal. Our approach is based on a novel ridge extraction method that takes into account the fact that the TF representation is both discrete in time and frequency, followed by a demodulation procedure. Numerical results show the benefits of the proposed approach for mode reconstruction in comparison to similar techniques that do not make use of demodulation. Furthermore, numerical investigations show that the proposed approach sharpens the TF representation on which it is built.
Chlorido[1-diphenylphosphanyl-3-(phenylsulfanyl)propane-κ2 P,S](η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium(III) chloride monohydrate

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Ir(C10H15)Cl(C21H21PS)]Cl·H2O, consists of discrete [Ir(η5-C5Me5)Cl{Ph2P(CH2)3SPh-κP,κS}]+ cations, chloride anions and water molecules. The IrIII atom is coordinated by an η5-C5Me5 ligand, a chloride and a Ph2P(CH2)3SPh-κP,κS ligand, leading to a three-legged piano-stool geometry. In the crystal, two water molecules and two chloride anions are linked by weak O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding into tetramers that are located on centers of inversion. The H atoms of one of the methyl groups are disordered and were refined using a split model.