Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"New" better than "old"? : detection of differences in efficacy between treatments in depressed inpatients under optimal conditions

Antidepressant effects of mirtazapine and imipramine were compared in a randomised, double-blind, fL,ed blood level study with inpatients in a single centre. Patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of major depression and a Hamilton (17-item) score of;::: 18 were selected. After a drug-free and a placebo washout period of 7 days in total, 107 patients still fulfilling the HRSD criterion of;::: 18, started on active treatment. The dose was adjusted to a predefined fL,ed blood level to avoid suboptimal dosing of imipramine. Concomitant psychotropic medication was administered only in a few cases because of intolerable anxiety or intolerable psychotic symptoms. Eight patients dropped out and 2 were excluded from analyses because of non-compliance; 97 completed the study. According to the main response criterion (50% or more reduction on the HRSD score) 11/51 (21.6%) patients responded on mirtazapine and 23/46 (50%) on imipramine after 4 weeks' treatment on the predefined blood level. Such a dramatic difference in efficacy between antidepressants has not been reported often before. The selection of (severely ill) inpatients including those with suicidal or psychotic features may have significance in this respect. Optimalisation of treatment with the reference drug imipramine through blood level control, exclusion of non-compliance for both drugs, exclusion of most concomitant medication and a low dropout rate may also have contributed. It is concluded that imipramine is superior to mirtazapine in the patient population studied.
Kinetics of enzymatic starch liquefaction: Simulation of the high‐molecular‐weight product distribution

Enzymatic corn starch liquefaction with α‐amylase was carried out. Molecular weight distributions of the resulting hydrolysates are presented using aqueous size exclusion chromatographic techniques. It is demonstrated that despite the fact that the enzyme employed reacts in a random endoacting manner, the product distributions are nonrandom. The results are explained in part by a multimerization process whereby the polymeric substrate molecules preferentially associate, forming intermolecular aggregates. These aggregates are either a consequence of the manner in which the material is deposited into the native granular structure of starch or due to intrinsic physical chemical properties of the polysaccharide. In the latter case, the results are shown to correspond to known multimerized amylose, although complete characterization of the polysaccharide is currently not available. The results presented are used to develop a simplified kinetic model of starch liquefaction and shown to simulate the product distributions accurately.
Effect of creep feeding on selected microflora and short-chain fatty acids in the ileum of weanling pigs.

Pigs cannulated at the ileum were used to investigate the effect of creep feeding on specific intestinal microflora and VFA and lactate concentrations. In two replicate trials performed 50 d apart, a total of 24 15-d-old nursing pigs from seven sows were cannulated in the terminal ileum and randomly assigned to two test groups. One group was allowed access to a creep diet, whereas the other group was denied access to the diet by removal from the farrowing crate. Ileal samples were collected at 19, 22, 26, and 29 d of age (preweaning) and at 33, 36, and 40 d of age (postweaning). Samples were assayed for total and hemolytic E. coli, total lactobacilli, pH, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, isovalerate, D(-), and L(+) lactate. Creep feeding did not affect lactobacilli or E. coli concentrations (P > .05), nor did it affect short-chain fatty acid concentrations (P > .05). Most volatile fatty acid concentrations decreased (P < .05), total lactate increased (P < .05), and the proportion of E. coli that were hemolytic increased (P < .05) following weaning. Consumption of creep feed did not affect specific microbial populations or fermentative byproducts in the ileum of the young pig.
A Model of Post-Infection Fatigue Is Associated with Increased TNF and 5-HT2A Receptor Expression in Mice

It is well documented that serotonin (5-HT) plays an important role in psychiatric illness. For example, myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), which is often provoked by infection, is a disabling illness with an unknown aetiology and diagnosis is based on symptom-specific criteria. However, 5-HT2A receptor expression and peripheral cytokines are known to be upregulated in ME. We sought to examine the relationship between the 5-HT system and cytokine expression following systemic bacterial endotoxin challenge (LPS, 0.5mg/kg i.p.), at a time when the acute sickness behaviours have largely resolved. At 24 hours post-injection mice exhibit no overt changes in locomotor behaviour, but do show increased immobility in a forced swim test, as well as decreased sucrose preference and reduced marble burying activity, indicating a depressive-like state. While peripheral IDO activity was increased after LPS challenge, central activity levels remained stable and there was no change in total brain 5-HT levels or 5-HIAA/5-HT. However, within the brain, levels of TNF and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA within various regions increased significantly. This increase in receptor expression is reflected by an increase in the functional response of the 5-HT2A receptor to agonist, DOI. These data suggest that regulation of fatigue and depressive-like moods after episodes of systemic inflammation may be regulated by changes in 5-HT receptor expression, rather than by levels of enzyme activity or cytokine expression in the CNS.
Vowel duration in pre-geminate contexts in Polish

The study presents Polish experimental data on the variability of vowel duration in the context of following singleton and geminate consonants. The aim of the study is to explain the low vocalic variability values obtained from "rhythm metrics" based analyses of speech rhythm. It also aims at contributing to the discussion about current dynamical models of speech rhythm that contain assumptions of the relative temporal stability of the vowel-to-vowel sequence. The results suggest that vowels in Polish co-vary with following consonant length in a roughly proportionate manner. An interpretation of the effect is offered where a fortition process overrides the possibility of temporal compensation.
Synthesis, Structures and Properties of Cobalt Thiocyanate Coordination Compounds with 4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine as Co-ligand

Reaction of Co(NCS)2 with 4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine (hmpy) leads to the formation of six new coordination compounds with the composition [Co(NCS)2(hmpy))4] (1), [Co(NCS)2(hmpy)4] × H2O (1-H2O), [Co(NCS)2(hmpy)2(EtOH)2] (2), [Co(NCS)2(hmpy)2(H2O)2] (3), [Co(NCS)2(hmpy)2]n∙4 H2O (4) and [Co(NCS)2(hmpy)2]n (5). They were characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction experiments, thermal and elemental analysis, IR and magnetic measurements. Compound 1 and 1-H2O form discrete complexes, in which the Co(II) cations are octahedrally coordinated by two terminal thiocyanato anions and four 4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine ligands. Discrete complexes were also observed for compounds 2 and 3 where two of the hmpy ligands were substituted by solvent, either water (3) or ethanol (2). In contrast, in compounds 4 and 5, the Co(II) cations are linked into chains by bridging 4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine ligands. The phase purity was checked with X-ray powder diffraction. Thermogravimetric measurements showed that compound 3 transforms into 5 upon heating, whereas the back transformation occurs upon resolvation. Magnetic measurements did not show any magnetic exchange via the hmpy ligand for compound 5.
Chromatin Changes at the PPAR‐γ2 Promoter During Bone Marrow‐Derived Multipotent Stromal Cell Culture Correlate With Loss of Gene Activation Potential

Bone marrow‐derived multipotent stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) display a broad range of therapeutically valuable properties, including the capacity to form skeletal tissues and dampen immune system responses. However, to use BM‐MSCs in a clinical setting, amplification is required, which may introduce epigenetic changes that affect biological properties. Here we used chromatin immunoprecipitation to compare post‐translationally modified histones at a subset of gene promoters associated with developmental and environmental plasticity in BM‐MSCs from multiple donors following culture expansion. At many locations, we observed localization of both transcriptionally permissive (H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K27me3) histone modifications. These chromatin signatures were consistent among BM‐MSCs from multiple donors. Since promoter activity depends on the relative levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, we examined the ratio of H3K4me3 to H3K27me3 (K4/K27) at promoters during culture expansion. The H3K4me3 to H3K27me3 ratios were maintained at most assayed promoters over time. The exception was the adipose‐tissue specific promoter for the PPAR‐γ2 isoform of PPAR‐γ, which is a critical positive regulator of adipogenesis. At PPAR‐γ2, we observed a change in K4/K27 levels favoring the repressed chromatin state during culture. This change correlated with diminished promoter activity in late passage cells exposed to adipogenic stimuli. In contrast to BM‐MSCs and osteoblasts, lineage‐restricted preadipocytes exhibited levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 that favored the permissive chromatin state at PPAR‐γ2. These results demonstrate that locus‐specific changes in H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 levels can occur during BM‐MSC culture that may affect their properties. Stem Cells 2015;33:2169–2181
The Effets of large class on EFL Students at An-Najah National University WOMÞu« ÕU−M« WFUł wWO³Mł√ WGKW¹eOK$ù« WGK« ÊuÝ—b¹ s¹c« W³KD« vKŽ œbF« …dO³J« ·uHB« —UŁ¬

The purpose of this paper is to determine what effects (instructional, psychological or social) large classes have on students by investigating and analyzing EFL students’ attitudes toward large classes at An-Najah National University in Palestine. A questionnaire was distributed among El0103 students who were learning English as a university requirement. The sample of the study consisted of (230) nonEnglish major EFL students. The findings of the study revealed that the instructional effects have the highest mean over the social and the psychological effects. It appeared that despite the negative aspects of learning English in large classes, there can be some positive aspects that teachers could make use of. The paper concludes with a number of recommendations to cope with the problems of large classes for future application in teaching EFL students.
Benevolent Sexism, Perceived Fairness, Decision-Making, and Marital Satisfaction: Covert Power Influences

iii Acknowledgments . viii List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x Definition of Terms . xi Chapter I: Introduction . 1 Chapter II: Literature Review . 6 Historical Context of Sexism in the United States . 6 Marital Power, Decision-making and Division of Labor . 8 Perceived Fairness Paradox . 14 Relational Satisfaction in Egalitarian Relationships . 17 Ambivalent Sexism Theory . 22 Operationalized Definition of Marital Satisfaction . 31 Chapter III: Methodology . 33 Introduction to Methodology . 33 Criteria for Participant Selection . 35 Recruitment of Participants . 36 Measures . 37 Procedures for Data Collection . 42 Hypotheses . 43 Procedures for Data Analysis . 44
Depression and anxiety levels in therapy-naive patients with inflammatory bowel disease and cancer of the colon.

AIM To assess whether depression and anxiety are more expressed in patients with the first episode of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in individuals with newly discovered cancer of the colon (CCa). METHODS A total of 32 patients with IBD including 13 males and 19 females, aged 27 to 74, and 30 patients with CCa including 20 males and 10 females, aged 39-78, underwent a structured interview, which comprised Hamilton's Depression Rating Inventory, Hamilton's Anxiety Rating Inventory and Paykel's Stressful Events Rating Scale. RESULTS Patients of the IBD group expressed both depression and anxiety. Depressive mood, sense of guilt, psychomotor retardation and somatic anxiety were also more pronounced in IBD patients. The discriminant function analysis revealed the total depressive score was of high importance for the classification of a newly diagnosed patient into one of the groups. CONCLUSION Newly diagnosed patients with IBD have higher levels of depression and anxiety. Moreover, a psychiatrist in the treatment team is advisable from the beginning.
Stromal Hsp70 Is Important for Protein Translocation into Pea and Arabidopsis Chloroplasts[C][W][OA]

This work shows that chloroplast stromal Hsp70s play a critical role in the step of protein translocation across the chloroplast envelope. It provides evidence that stromal Hsp70 functions in parallel to the Hsp93 system during protein import, making the chloroplast unique among organelles by possessing two simultaneously functioning chaperone/motor systems for protein translocation. Hsp70 family proteins function as motors driving protein translocation into mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum. Whether Hsp70 is involved in protein import into chloroplasts has not been resolved. We show here Arabidopsis thaliana knockout mutants of either of the two stromal cpHsc70s, cpHsc70-1 and cpHsc70-2, are defective in protein import into chloroplasts during early developmental stages. Protein import was found to be affected at the step of precursor translocation across the envelope membranes. From solubilized envelope membranes, stromal cpHsc70 was specifically coimmunoprecipitated with importing precursors and stoichiometric amounts of Tic110 and Hsp93. Moreover, in contrast with receptors at the outer envelope membrane, cpHsp70 is important for the import of both photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic proteins. These data indicate that cpHsc70 is part of the chloroplast translocon for general import and is important for driving translocation into the stroma. We further analyzed the relationship of cpHsc70 with the other suggested motor system, Hsp93/Tic40. Chloroplasts from the cphsc70-1 hsp93-V double mutant had a more severe import defect than did the single mutants, suggesting that the two proteins function in parallel. The cphsc70-1 tic40 double knockout was lethal, further indicating that cpHsc70-1 and Tic40 have an overlapping essential function. In conclusion, our data indicate that chloroplasts have two chaperone systems facilitating protein translocation into the stroma: the cpHsc70 system and the Hsp93/Tic40 system.
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems Architectural Design of Miniature Anthropomorphic Robots Towards High-Mobility

A design methodology to build miniature humanoid robots is discussed. Although light and small bodies would make aggressive types of motion experiments much safer and smoother, they would often cause self-collisions and even restrict the space to mount mechatronic components. In order to defeat some kinematic difficulties including the former issue, a technique to modularize and assign joints is proposed through our prototyped robot. And, as a solution against the latter issue, a portable core control unit which stores a stand-alone electronic system is also introduced through the second version of our humanoid, whose system centers around it.
Re-Examining the Jennex Olfman Knowledge Management Success Model

The Jennex and Olfman KM success model was first published at HICSS in 2004 and in the International Journal of Knowledge Management in 2006. Since then there has been many technology changes and innovations as well as further research on KM success. This paper re-examines the Jennex Olfman model and suggests a newer model that incorporates the past ten years of research and technology innovation.
Enhanced Shell Sorting Algorithm

— Many algorithms are available for sorting the unordered elements. Most important of them are Bubble sort, Heap sort, Insertion sort and Shell sort. These algorithms have their own pros and cons. Shell Sort which is an enhanced version of insertion sort, reduces the number of swaps of the elements being sorted to minimize the complexity and time as compared to insertion sort. Shell sort improves the efficiency of insertion sort by quickly shifting values to their destination. Average sort time is O ( n 1.25 ), while worst-case time is O ( n 1.5 ). It performs certain iterations. In each iteration it swaps some elements of the array in such a way that in last iteration when the value of h is one, the number of swaps will be reduced. Donald L. Shell invented a formula to calculate the value of ‘h’. this work focuses to identify some improvement in the conventional Shell sort algorithm. “Enhanced Shell Sort algorithm” is an improvement in the algorithm to calculate the value of ‘h’. It has been observed that by applying this algorithm, number of swaps can be reduced up to 60 percent as compared to the existing algorithm. In some other cases this enhancement was found faster than the existing algorithms available.
Glutamicibacter halophytocola sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the roots of a coastal halophyte, Limonium sinense.

A novel actinobacterium, designated KLBMP 5180T, was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of a coastal halophyte, Limonium sinense, collected from the city of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, eastern China. The isolate was Gram-stain-positive, aerobic and non-motile. The components of the cell-wall peptidoglycan were lysine, glutamic acid and alanine. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, one unknown phospholipid, one unidentified glycolipid and two unidentified lipids. anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 were the major cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C content of strain KLBMP 5180T was 60.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KLBMP 5180T belongs to the genus Glutamicibacter and was related most closely to Glutamicibacter nicotianae DSM 20123T (99.3 % similarity), Glutamicibacterarilaitensis Re117T (99.3 %) and Glutamicibacter mysorens LMG 16219T (99.1 %); similarity to other type strains of the genus Glutamicibacter was lower than 98.5 %. However, DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain KLBMP 5180T, G . nicotianae DSM 20123T, G. arilaitensis Re117T and G. mysorens LMG 16219T were 47.5±2.6, 51.3±3.1 and 41.2±4.3 %, respectively. The combination of DNA-DNA hybridization, phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data supported the suggestion that strain KLBMP 5180T represents a novel species of the genus Glutamicibacter, for which the name Glutamicibacterhalophytocola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KLBMP 5180T (=DSM 101718T=KCTC 39692T).
On the Generalized Massive Gravity in AdS(3)

In this note we investigate the generalized massive gravity in asymptotically $AdS_3$ spacetime by combining the two mass terms of topological massive gravity and new massive gravity theory. We study the linearized excitations around the $AdS_3$ background and find that at a specific value of a certain combination of the two mass parameters (chiral line), one of the massive graviton solutions becomes the left moving massless mode. It is shown that the theory is chiral at this line under Brown-Henneaux boundary condition. Because of this degeneration of the gravitons the new log solution which has a logarithmic asymptotic behavior is also a solution to this gravity theory at the chiral line. The log boundary condition which was proposed to accommodate this log solution is proved to be consistent at this chiral line. The resulting theory is no longer chiral except at a special point on the chiral line, where another new solution with log-square asymptotic behavior exists. At this special point, we prove that a new kind of boundary condition called log-square boundary condition, which accommodates this new solution, can be consistent.
The Novel Super-FEC Coding Scheme Based on the Block Turbo Code for Long-Haul Optical Transmission Systems

A novel super forward error correction (super-FEC) coding scheme (viz: the BTC code pattern of BCH(64,57) times BCH(64,57)) based on the block turbo code (BTC) in long-haul optical transmission systems is proposed in this paper. The BTC of Bose-Chaudhur-Hocguenghem (BCH)(64,57)timesBCH(64,57) has been constructed, simulated and analyzed. The simulation results and the performance analyses show that the net coding gain (NCG) of BCH(64,57)timesBCH(64,57) code at the sixth iteration is 0.35 dB more than that of Reed-Solomon (RS)(255,239) + convolutional self orthogonal code (CSOC) (k0/n0=6/7, J=8) code in ITU-T G.975. 1 at the third iteration for a BER of 10-12 and the novel BTC has the advantageous characteristics such as the shorter component code and the rapid encoding/decoding speed, these advantages reduce not only the complexity for implementing the software/hardware but also the time delay for the encoding/decoding. Therefore, the novel BTC coding scheme can be used in large capacity, high-speed and ultra long-haul optical transmission systems. At last, the design and implementation of the novel BTC are also discussed
ATM-dependent ERK signaling via AKT in response to DNA double-strand breaks

Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers many signaling pathways primarily originating from either damaged DNA or non-nuclear sources such as growth factor receptors. Thus, to study the DNA damage-induced signaling component alone by irradiation would be a challenge. To generate DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and minimize non-nuclear signaling, human cancer cells having bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) - substituted DNA were treated with the photosensitizer Hoechst 33258 followed by long wavelength UV (UV-A) treatment (BrdU photolysis). BrdU photolysis resulted in well-controlled, dose- dependent generation of DSBs equivalent to radiation doses between 0.2 - 20 Gy, as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and accompanied by dose-dependent ATM (ser-1981), H2AX (ser-139), Chk2 (thr-68), and p53 (ser-15) phosphorylation. Interestingly, low levels (≤2 Gy equivalents) of BrdU photolysis stimulated ERK phosphorylation whereas higher (>2 Gy eq.) resulted in ERK dephosphorylation. ERK phosphorylation was ATM-dependent whereas dephosphorylation was ATM-independent. The ATM-dependent increase in ERK phosphorylation was also seen when DSBs were generated by transfection of cells with an EcoRI expression plasmid or by electroporation of EcoRI enzyme. Furthermore, AKT was critical for transmitting the DSB signal to ERK. Altogether, our results show that low levels of DSBs trigger ATM- and AKT-dependent ERK pro-survival signaling and increased cell proliferation whereas higher levels result in ERK dephosphorylation consistent with a dose-dependent switch from pro-survival to anti-survival signaling.