Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In search of efficient reliable processor design

In this paper, we investigate an efficient reliable processor which can detect and recover from transient faults. There are two driving forces to study fault-tolerant techniques for microprocessors. One is deep submicron fabrication technology. Future semiconductor technologies could become more susceptible to alpha particles and other cosmic radiation. The other is increasing popularity of mobile platforms. Recently cell phones are used for applications which are critical to our financial security, such as flight ticket reservation, mobile banking, and mobile trading. In such applications, it is expected that computer systems will always work correctly. From these observations, we have proposed a mechanism which is based on instruction reissue technique for incorrect data speculation recovery and utilizes time redundancy. In order to mitigate overhead caused by including fault-tolerant facility, we evaluate some alternative designs and find that speculatively updating branch predictors and removing redundant memory accesses are very effective.
Technical Change and Efficiency of Rice Production in India: A Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Approach

This paper has studied the trends in the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of rice in India for the period 1980-81 to 2009-10 and has decomposed the TFP growth into its constituent components, viz. change in technical progress and technical efficiency. The study has used Malmquist Productivity Index approach through data envelopment analysis to estimate the TFP. The analysis has also been carried out for two sub-periods, viz. 1980-81 to 1994-95 (period I) and 1995-96 to 2009-10 (period II) as well. For the overall period, the TFP change has been at a moderate rate of 0.2 per cent per year, with large interstate variations. The positive TFP growth has been associated with a mean technical progress of 0.3 per cent and a deterioration of the mean technical efficiency by -0.1 per cent per year. Across the states, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh have exhibited positive TFP growths during the overall period. The revival of the mean TFP to the level of 1.8 per cent per year during period II has mainly been effected by the positive technical change during this period. However, a matter of concern is the decline in technical efficiency. It is also observed that over the years the less-progressive states with respect to TFP growth during the period-I have caught up with the progressive states, mainly propelled by high rate of technical progress. The study has identified that during period-II the share of current and capital inputs in total cost of cultivation has reduced and input intensification has slowed down. The results have revealed that the recent yield stagnation in rice is not due to technology fatigue, but could be due to the sluggish input intensification. The study calls for policy initiatives for strengthening investments on research and extension for furthering the TFP growth and steps for sustainable input intensification.
Non-Parametric Estimation of Topic Hierarchies from Texts with Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes

This paper presents hHDP, a hierarchical algorithm for representing a document collection as a hierarchy of latent topics, based on Dirichlet process priors. The hierarchical nature of the algorithm refers to the Bayesian hierarchy that it comprises, as well as to the hierarchy of the latent topics. hHDP relies on nonparametric Bayesian priors and it is able to infer a hierarchy of topics, without making any assumption about the depth of the learned hierarchy and the branching factor at each level. We evaluate the proposed method on real-world data sets in document modeling, as well as in ontology learning, and provide qualitative and quantitative evaluation results, showing that the model is robust, it models accurately the training data set and is able to generalize on held-out data.
Semantic Parsing for Information Extraction

We consider the challenge of learning semantic parsers that scale to large, open-domain problems, such as question answering or knowledge base completion with Freebase. In such settings, the sentences cover a wide variety of topics and include many phrases whose meaning is difficult to represent in a fixed target ontology. For example, even simple phrases such as ‘daughter’ and ‘number of people living in’ cannot be directly represented in Freebase, whose ontology instead encodes facts about gender, parenthood, and population. Here, we introduce a new semantic parsing approach that learns to resolve such ontological mismatches. The parser uses a probabilistic CCG (Steedman, 1996; Clark and Curran, 2007) to build linguistically motivated logicalform meaning representations, and includes an ontology matching model that adapts the output logical forms for each target ontology. In this abstract, we describe an ongoing work applying this approach for information extraction.
Varieties of Governance of Public Goods Delivery in Indonesia:The Case of Roads after Decentralization and Local Democratization

For Indonesia the fall of Suharto in 1998 brought dramatic changes in the political landscape. It signified the beginning of transformation from an authoritarian regime towards a more democratic society where the distribution power is more devolved. In this respect Indonesia follow what is called a big-bang approach in the transition. First in the agenda of socio-economic reform is decentralization which changes the relationship between the center and local governments. Next in the countryâ€™s reform was democratization at the local government level. In this paper we examine how decentralization and democratization affect governance at the local government level. Our particular interest is to assess the impact of decentralization and local democratization on the quality of road. We find that although the temptation to produce lower quality roads is high the combination of democratization, free media, an ad-hoc anti-corruption agency and well educated bureaucrats keep the quality of roads reasonably good while the corruption is held in check.
Philornis downsi ( Diptera : Muscidae ) , an Avian Nest Parasite Invasive to the Galápagos Islands , in Mainland Ecuador

Philornis downsi (Dodge and Aitken) is a bird-parasitic muscid fly native to mainland South America that recently invaded the Galápagos Islands where it is parasitizing Darwin’s finches and other land birds. This parasite was previously known only from Argentina, Brazil, and Trinidad and Tobago. The first report of P. downsi from mainland Ecuador is provided, supporting the hypothesis that the invasion route of P. downsi from its native range to the Galápagos Islands includes mainland Ecuador. Four different morphologies of pupal exuviae, which belong to different fly species, were uncovered. Dipteran puparia were found in 20% of naturally occurring nests collected in 2013 and in 27% of nests in 2014 at the two sites in western Ecuador. P. downsi accounted for 74% and 40% of the puparia in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Two new bird host species for the genus Philornis were recorded: the streakheaded woodcreeper (Lepidocolaptes souleyetii) and the fasciated wren (Campylorhynchus fasciatus). The levels of nest parasitism found were much lower than levels reported for the Galápagos Islands. Finally, parasitism of P. downsi by a parasitoid in the genus Brachymeria (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) is documented. Overall, 9% of fly puparia collected in 2013, and 19% of those collected in 2014, had parasitoid emergence holes.
The path integral approach to generalized Kodama states in the source current basis (Part III)

The path integral approach to generalized Kodama states in the source current basis (Part III). Abstract This is the seventh paper in the series outlining an algorithm to consistently quantize four-dimensional gravity. In this work we transform the generalized Kodama states into the source current representation, applying a combination of topological field theoretical and newly developed techniques. We show how this representation can be utilized to nonperturbatively construct generalized Kodama states corresponding to starting actions classically equivalent to Einstein's gravity coupled to matter, but modified by quantum correction terms. The basic method is to skew the semiclassical-quantum correspondence such as to absorb these counterterms, extracting the quantum operators necessary to restore the SQC to all orders corresponding to the exact unmodified Einsten Hilbert action. This representation allows one to expand the full quantum state, for a general model, in terms of a Feynman dia-grammatic expansion about the pure Kodama state. The dynamics of general relativity are nonperturbativey incorporated into the vertices of these diagrams as model-specific quantum and matter effects. This method can be used complementarily to those of papers one through six in this series, which delineate the explicit construction of the GKodS without reference to source currents. It can also be utilized to incorporate full dynamical input from quantized general relativity into the loop and the spinfoam sum over histories as well as other representations. This paper, in conjunction with the first six, provide the bulk of the tools needed to comprehensively treat quantum general relativity via our new approach.
Digital Rights Management - Current Status and Future Trends

In this paper, a taxonomy of privacy-preserving approaches employed in digital right management systems are presented. These approaches are classified into two main approaches according to their design philosophy: cryptographic and noncryptographic approaches. Moreover, the pros and cons of the presented approaches are reported and compared in light of different viewpoints. Furthermore, some new directions are highlighted based on the insightful comparison of the existing work.
Differential connexin expression, gap junction intercellular coupling, and hemichannel formation in NT2/D1 human neural progenitors and terminally differentiated hNT neurons

Connexin‐mediated gap junctions and open hemichannels in nonjunctional membranes represent two biologically relevant mechanisms by which neural progenitors can coordinate their response to changes in the extracellular environment. NT2/D1 cells are a teratocarcinoma progenitor line that can be induced to differentiate terminally into functional hNT neurons and NT‐G nonneuronal cells. Clinical transplants of hNT neurons and experimental grafts of NT2/D1 progenitors or hNT neurons have been used in cell‐replacement therapy in vivo. Previous studies have shown that NT2/D1 cells express connexin 43 (Cx43) and that NT2/D1 progenitors are capable of dye transfer. To determine whether NT2/D1 progenitors and differentiated hNT cultures express other connexins, Cx26, Cx30, Cx32, Cx36, Cx37, Cx43, and Cx46.6 mRNA and protein were analyzed. NT2/D1 progenitors express Cx30, Cx36, Cx37, and Cx43. hNT/NT‐G cultures express Cx36, Cx37, and de novo Cx46.6. Cx26 and Cx32 were not expressed in NT2/D1 or hNT/NT‐G cells. NT2/D1 progenitors formed functional gap junctions as assessed by dye coupling as well as open hemichannels in nonjunctional membranes as assessed by dye‐uptake studies. Dye coupling was inhibited by the gap junction blocker 18α‐glycyrrhetinic acid. Hemichannel activity was inhibited by the dual‐specificity chloride channel/connexin hemichannel inhibitor flufenamic acid but not by the chloride channel inhibitor 4,4′‐diisothiocyanatostilbene‐2,2′‐disulfonic acid. Both dye coupling and dye uptake were substantially reduced following differentiation of NT2/D1 progenitors. We conclude that the pattern of connexin expression in NT2/D1 cells changes over the course of differentiation corresponding with a reduction in biochemical coupling and hemichannel activity in differentiated cells. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Approximating connectivity domination in weighted bounded-genus graphs

We present a framework for addressing several problems on weighted planar graphs and graphs of bounded genus. With that framework, we derive polynomial-time approximation schemes for the following problems in planar graphs or graphs of bounded genus: edge-weighted tree cover and tour cover; vertex-weighted connected dominating set, max-weight-leaf spanning tree, and connected vertex cover. In addition, we obtain a polynomial-time approximation scheme for feedback vertex set in planar graphs. These are the first polynomial-time approximation schemes for all those problems in weighted embedded graphs. (For unweighted versions of some of these problems, polynomial-time approximation schemes were previously given using bidimensionality.)
On Resource Constrained Optimization Problems

: This paper shows that a method that has long been used to solve Resource Constrained Optimization Problems and found extremely eﬀective in practice, is eﬀective in the theoretical sense as well, it is proved to be strongly polynomial. In the special case of Resource Constrained Shortest Path Problem a better running time estimation is also presented.
Sarcopenia and physical independence in older adults: the independent and synergic role of muscle mass and muscle function

The loss of skeletal muscle mass (MM) or muscle function (MF) alone increases the risk for losing physical independence in older adults. We aimed to examine the independent and synergic associations of low MM and low MF, both criteria of sarcopenia, with the risk for losing projected physical independence in later life (+90 years old).
Simple and Compact Balanced Bandpass Filters Based on Magnetically Coupled Resonators

A simple strategy is proposed to design differential-mode bandpass filters with good common-mode (CM) rejection using simple resonators. Specifically, the CM rejection is enhanced by using conventional open-loop resonators as well as folded stepped-impedance resonators without the addition of printed or lumped elements along the symmetry plane of the filter or the use of defected ground solutions. The novelty of the present proposal is that a good CM rejection is achieved by the use of magnetic coupling instead of the more commonly employed electrical coupling. Magnetic coupling inherently yields poorer CM transmission as requested by good differential filters. The resonators, due to their geometrical simplicity, can easily be cascaded to implement high-order filters. The use of simple geometries also simplifies the design methodology and makes final tuning based on electromagnetic simulation simpler or unnecessary.
Influence of case definition on incidence and outcome of acute coronary syndromes

Objective Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are common, but their incidence and outcome might depend greatly on how data are collected. We compared case ascertainment rates for ACS and myocardial infarction (MI) in a single institution using several different strategies. Methods The Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals serve a population of ∼560 000. Patients admitted with ACS to cardiology or general medical wards were identified prospectively by trained nurses during 2005. Patients with a death or discharge code of MI were also identified by the hospital information department and, independently, from Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project (MINAP) records. The hospital laboratory identified all patients with an elevated serum troponin-T (TnT) by contemporary criteria (>0.03 µg/L in 2005). Results The prospective survey identified 1731 admissions (1439 patients) with ACS, including 764 admissions (704 patients) with MIs. The hospital information department reported only 552 admissions (544 patients) with MI and only 206 admissions (203 patients) were reported to the MINAP. Using all 3 strategies, 934 admissions (873 patients) for MI were identified, for which TnT was >1 µg/L in 443, 0.04–1.0 µg/L in 435, ≤0.03 µg/L in 19 and not recorded in 37. A further 823 patients had TnT >0.03 µg/L, but did not have ACS ascertained by any survey method. Of the 873 patients with MI, 146 (16.7%) died during admission and 218 (25.0%) by 1 year, but ranging from 9% for patients enrolled in the MINAP to 27% for those identified by the hospital information department. Conclusions MINAP and hospital statistics grossly underestimated the incidence of MI managed by our hospital. The 1-year mortality was highly dependent on the method of ascertainment.
Cost-benefit aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with Hybrid Energy Storage System

At the eve of a new decade, when energy concerns are at the top of the research priorities, this work presents a new cost-benefit function for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) powered by harvesting energy sources. The models rely on a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) that combines a super-capacitor (SC) with a Rechargeable Battery (RB). While the SC has low energy storage capability but is capable of providing high level of energy throughput and frequent charge cycles, the RB has higher energy storage capability but limited charge cycles. Our proposal for the protocol associated with HESS assigns different weights to the residual energy in both energy storage systems whilst favouring routes with more SC energy and harvesting rates. The main innovation is the application of a new routing cost metric to prolong the network lifetime. An energy model framework has been developed in MATLAB with different application scenarios to test the proposed cost metric. The simulation results show that, by using the HESS flexible energy-aware cost-benefit function, significant extension of the network lifetime is achieved by means a balance between the energy consumption and the reliable delivery of data packets.
Cardiometabolic responses of body-weight exercises with and without vibration

This investigation examined the interactive effect of body-weight (BW) exercises and vibration on cardiometabolic responses. Fourteen subjects performed a BW exercise protocol with (BW+V) and without (BW‒V) vibration in a randomized order. The BW exercise protocol consisted of three circuits of eight calisthenics-based exercises including prisoner squat, push-up, isometric squat, reverse dip, lunge, flutter kicks, isometric lunge, and T push-up. Vibratory frequency and amplitude were set at 40 Hz and 4 mm, respectively. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), expired ventilation (VE), and blood lactate [La] were determined during the protocol and 30-minute recovery. The mean VO2 reached 48% and 50% of VO2max and the mean HR reached 80% and 83% of HRmax in BW‒V and BW+V, respectively. During the protocol, while the mean VE was greater (p=.031) in BW+V than BW‒V, no differences were seen for VO2 and HR between the two conditions. During recovery, while mean VO2 was greater (p=.002) in BW+V than BW-V, no differences were seen for VE and HR between the two conditions. [La] values were significantly elevated but remained similar between the two conditions. Exercise-specific VO2 was higher during the prisoner squat (p=.003) and isometric squat (p=.042) in BW+V than BW‒V, while no differences in VO2 were observed for all other exercises. Performing three circuits of eight BW exercises in a rapid-and-intense manner produced a sufficient increase in cardiometabolic responses. Metabolic potentiation associated with combining vibration with BW exercises seemed to be influenced by how the exercises were carried out on a vibration plate.
p53 directly regulates the glycosidase FUCA1 to promote chemotherapy-induced cell death

ABSTRACT p53 is a central factor in tumor suppression as exemplified by its frequent loss in human cancer. p53 exerts its tumor suppressive effects in multiple ways, but the ability to invoke the eradication of damaged cells by programmed cell death is considered a key factor. The ways in which p53 promotes cell death can involve direct activation or engagement of the cell death machinery, or can be via indirect mechanisms, for example though regulation of ER stress and autophagy. We present here another level of control in p53-mediated tumor suppression by showing that p53 activates the glycosidase, FUCA1, a modulator of N-linked glycosylation. We show that p53 transcriptionally activates FUCA1 and that p53 modulates fucosidase activity via FUCA1 up-regulation. Importantly, we also report that chemotherapeutic drugs induce FUCA1 and fucosidase activity in a p53-dependent manner. In this context, while we found that over-expression of FUCA1 does not induce cell death, RNAi-mediated knockdown of endogenous FUCA1 significantly attenuates p53-dependent, chemotherapy-induced apoptotic death. In summary, these findings add an additional component to p53s tumor suppressive response and highlight another mechanism by which the tumor suppressor controls programmed cell death that could potentially be exploited for cancer therapy.
Calibration of neural networks using genetic algorithms, with application to optimal path planning

Genetic algorithms (GA) are used to search the synaptic weight space of artificial neural systems (ANS) for weight vectors that optimize some network performance function. GAs do not suffer from some of the architectural constraints involved with other techniques and it is straightforward to incorporate terms into the performance function concerning the metastructure of the ANS. Hence GAs offer a remarkably general approach to calibrating ANS. GAs are applied to the problem of calibrating an ANS that finds optimal paths over a given surface. This problem involves training an ANS on a relatively small set of paths and then examining whether the calibrated ANS is able to find good paths between arbitrary start and end points on the surface.
Quality driven resource allocation for adaptive video streaming in OFDMA uplink

In this paper, we consider the problem of improving Quality of Experience (QoE) of multiple video streams in OFDMA uplink. The proposed system leverages both video adaptation and adaptation of resource allocation (RA). Three different time scales arises in this scenario, namely (1) long time scale of QoE, evaluated over the sequence of Groups of Pictures (GOPs), (2) medium time scale of video adaptation for each GOP, and (3) short time scale of RA inside each GOP. We deal with the time scale differences through a two step process. We first formulate, for each GOP, an optimization problem of video quality which takes into account the long time scale QoE. Then we convert this problem to a sequence of quality-driven RA optimization. At each RA step inside a GOP, resources are allocated to users according to their utility determined by QoE constraints and quality fairness. The performance of proposed quality-driven RA is evaluated under realistic uplink scenario. It is shown that the proposed system improves significantly users' QoE compared to other solutions.