Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT: UM ESTUDO COM PROFESSORES DA REDE PÚBLICA

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se o genero estabelece diferencas significativas nos niveis e no processo da Sindrome de Burnout em professores de escolas da rede publica. Tambem procurou identificar associacoes das dimensoes de burnout com variaveis demograficas, laborais e comportamentais. Foi utilizado como instrumento de pesquisa o MBI- Maslach Burnout Inventory e um questionario elaborado especificamente para este estudo para as demais variaveis. A amostra, do tipo de conveniencia, foi composta de 31 homens e 30 mulheres. Os resultados obtidos indicam nao existir diferenca estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos nas dimensoes e niveis de Burnout; no entanto, verifica-se a ocorrencia de associacao diferenciada nos dois grupos entre as dimensoes de Burnout e determinadas variaveis demograficas, profissionais e comportamentais.
Bootstrapping color constancy

Bootstrapping provides a novel approach to training a neural network to estimate the chromaticity of the illuminant in a scene given image data alone. For initial training, the network requires feedback about the accuracy of the network's current results. In the case of a network for color constancy, this feedback is the chromaticity of the incident scene illumination. In the past, prefect feedback has been used, but in the bootstrapping method feedback with a considerable degree of random error can be used to train the network instead. In particular, the grayworld algorithm, which only provides modest color constancy performance, is used to train a neural network which in the end performs better than the grayworld algorithm used to train it.
Effects of Gender on Severity, Management and Outcome in Acute Biliary Pancreatitis

Background We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study to examine gender differences in severity, management, and outcome among patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) because available data are insufficient and conflicting. Methods We analyzed 13,110 patients (50.6% male) with first-attack ABP from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2009. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the development of severe ABP and the provision of treatment measures. Gender difference was assessed using multivariable analyses with generalized estimating equations models. Results The odds of gastrointestinal bleeding (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–1.76) and local complication (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.05–1.82) were 44% and 38% higher in men than in women, respectively. Compared with women, men had 24% higher odds of receiving total parenteral nutrition (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 1.00–1.52), but had 18% and 41% lower odds of receiving cholecystectomy (aOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.72–0.93) and hemodialysis (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.42–0.83), respectively. Hospital mortality was higher in men than in women (1.8% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, men had 81% higher odds of in-hospital death than women (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.15–2.86). Among patients with severe ABP, hospital mortality was 11.0% and 7.5% in men and women (p<0.001), respectively. The adjusted odds of death remained higher in men than in women with severe ABP (aOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.10–2.68). Conclusions Gender is an important determinant of outcome in patients with ABP and may affect their treatment measures.
Cartographie de l'imputabilité : Concepts fondamentaux et sous-types

L’essor recent de « l’imputabilite » dans l’administration publique et le developpement international semble s’ecarter en partie de plusieurs siecles d’etudes conceptuelles et empiriques menees dans les disciplines connexes que sont la finance et la comptabilite et dans la science politique. Dans le present article, nous rassemblons le sens fondamental de la notion d’imputabilite telle qu’utilisee dans des centaines d’etudes et tentons de mettre de l’ordre dans la litanie de sous-types presente dans cette litterature. Un systeme d’organisation a trois dimensions (source de controle, vigueur du controle et direction de la relation) permet d’apprehender les differents types d’imputabilite qui existent. La typologie qui en resulte indique par ailleurs que les differents sous-types presentent non seulement des acteurs et des caracteristiques differents, mais qu’ils cherchent aussi a defendre des valeurs variables et qu’ils sont confrontes a des defis differents. Ces observations ont des implications importantes pour la recherche et l(‘impossibilite) de traduire les conclusions d’un sous-type a un autre, de meme que des implications pratiques pour le monde de la politique.Remarques a l’intention des praticiensL’imputabilite peut prendre differentes formes en fonction des acteurs (citoyens/politiciens, politiciens/bureaucrates, juges/citoyens). Ces types d’imputabilite visent a proteger des valeurs differentes et s’accompagnent de problemes variables. L’imputabilite n’est cependant pas tout : il ne s’agit que de l’un des multiples moyens de limiter l’usage du pouvoir (ou l’abus de pouvoir). Dans le present article, nous donnons des details sur l’idee fondamentale d’imputabilite. Nous decrirons ensuite la gamme complete des sous-types avec leurs caracteristiques et leurs problemes propres. Notre article sera utile aux decideurs et aux praticiens qui cherchent a faire face aux faiblesses de divers acteurs en matiere d’imputabilite en prenant en consideration leurs differences.
Autoreactive T cells specific for insulin B:11-23 recognize a low-affinity peptide register in human subjects with autoimmune diabetes

Significance The importance of antigenic peptides with low-affinity HLA binding in human autoimmune disease remains unclear. Studies in the nonobese diabetic mouse demonstrate recognition of a crucial insulin epitope presented in a weakly bound register. This work details a direct study of responses to this insulin B-chain peptide in humans. Responses were readily detected in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, T-cell clones were shown to recognize the peptide presented in a weakly bound alternative register. These findings confirm the relevance of immune recognition of this segment of the insulin B-chain in human disease and highlight a mechanism shared by mouse and man through which T cells that recognize a weakly bound peptide can circumvent tolerance mechanisms. Previous studies in type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the nonobese diabetic mouse demonstrated that a crucial insulin epitope (B:9-23) is presented to diabetogenic CD4 T cells by IAg7 in a weakly bound register. The importance of antigenic peptides with low-affinity HLA binding in human autoimmune disease remains less clear. The objective of this study was to investigate T-cell responses to a low-affinity self-epitope in subjects with T1D. HLA-DQ8 tetramers loaded with a modified insulin peptide designed to improve binding the low-affinity register were used to visualize T-cell responses following in vitro stimulation. Positive responses were only detectable in T1D patients. Because the immunogenic register of B:9-23 presented by DQ8 has not been conclusively demonstrated, T-cell assays using substituted peptides and DQ8 constructs engineered to express and present B:9-23 in fixed binding registers were used to determine the immunogenic register of this peptide. Tetramer-positive T-cell clones isolated from T1D subjects that responded to stimulation by B:11-23 peptide and denatured insulin protein were conclusively shown to recognize B:11-23 bound to HLA-DQ8 in the low-affinity register 3. These T cells also responded to homologous peptides derived from microbial antigens, suggesting that their initial priming could occur via molecular mimicry. These results are in accord with prior observations from the nonobese diabetic mouse model, suggesting a mechanism shared by mouse and man through which T cells that recognize a weakly bound peptide can circumvent tolerance mechanisms and play a role in the initiation of autoimmune diseases, such as T1D.
The Parenting Practices of Dual-Earner Couples ho Successfully Balance Family and work

Abstract This study investigated the parenting practices of middle class, dual-earner couples (N =s 47) who perceive themselves as successful in balancing family and work. Analysis of interview data revealed that couples used four primary strategies in balancingfamily and work: (a) striving to be equally involved parents, (b) working to clar-Shelley ify their values related to parenting, (c) being available and attentive to their children while also spending time as a couple and individually, and (d) utilizing the support of extended family and workplaces. These parenting practices run counter to common societal stereotypes regarding dualearners. Clinical applications for therapists and parent educators of dual-earner couples are offered. [Article copies available for a fee
Evolutionary Origins of Leadership and Followership

Drawing upon evolutionary logic, leadership is reconceptualized in terms of the outcome of strategic interactions among individuals who are following different, yet complementary, decision rules to solve recurrent coordination problems. This article uses the vast psychological literature on leadership as a database to test several evolutionary hypotheses about the origins of leadership and followership in humans. As expected, leadership correlates with initiative taking, trait measures of intelligence, specific task competencies, and several indicators of generosity. The review finds no link between leadership and dominance. The evolutionary analysis accounts for reliable age, health, and sex differences in leadership emergence. In general, evolutionary theory provides a useful, integrative framework for studying leader-follower relationships and generates various novel research hypotheses.
Spectral Analysis of Proton Eigenfunctions in Crystalline Environments

A system with protons confined in a periodic potential is examined using the Schr\"odinger equation and the Bloch theorem. Real-world conditions introduce deviations from an ideal harmonic system due to truncated and non-quadratic potentials. The energy spectrum of bound eigenfunctions is derived, independent from the crystal momentum vector $\vec K$. Numerical solutions reveal intriguing structures in the system, including bound states with degeneracy equal to site number $N_w$ resembling a finite harmonic oscillator spectrum. Notably, the outcomes for protons differ from electronic energy bands due to proton mass, which results in a greater number of possible bound states. Building upon previous work, this study investigates the conditions for electromagnetic coherence onset in the system. The energy gap and oscillation amplitude constraints are demonstrated. A perturbation term accounts for deviations in energy level spacing, resulting in minor electromagnetic mode splitting. Maintaining a phase differential between modes below $\pi/2$ over an oscillation period is the condition for generating a negative energy coherent contribution in the interaction with the electromagnetic field. By analyzing the frequency dependence of the number of bound states, it is deduced that in a concrete example concerning hydrogen loading in metals within the octahedral phase the number of bound states is equal to 12, with an average frequency of 0.4 eV. This resolves the issue of unlimited energy gap and unbounded oscillation amplitude related to the coherent transition.
A Systematic Mapping Study on Software Ecosystems

Software ecosystem is an approach that investigates the complex relationships among companies in the software industry. Companies work cooperatively and competitively in order to achieve their strategic objectives. They must engage in a new perspective considering both their own business and third party ones. Inspired from properties by natural and business ecosystems, a software ecosystem covers technical and business aspects of software development as well as partnership among companies. In this paper, we undertake a systematic mapping study to present a wide review of primary studies on software ecosystems. Systematic mapping is a methodology that gives, after a systematic research process, a visual summary map of its results. The search procedure identified 1026 studies, of which 44 were identified as relevant to answer our research questions. This study mapped what is currently known about software ecosystems perspective. We conclude that software ecosystems research is concentrated in 8 main areas in which the most relevant are open source software, ecosystem modeling, and business issues. The paper is intended to practitioners and academics investigating the field of software ecosystems. It contributes to summarize the body of knowledge in the field and direct efforts for future research in software ecosystems.
Augmenting Kinesthetic Teaching with Keyframes

Our work is aimed at designing Learning from Demonstration (LfD) systems for nonexpert teachers. We compare two teaching methods for LfD, namely trajectory method, in which whole demonstrated trajectory is used, and keyframe method, in which a sparse set of consecutive configurations is used, with a user study. We use kinesthetic teaching as our demonstration approach in which the teacher physically guides the robot to perform a certain skill. Based on our results and observations, we then propose a hybrid method for skill learning that utilizes both trajectory and keyframe information.
Automated Place Classification Using Object Detection

Places in an environment can be described by the objects they contain. This paper discusses the completely automated integration of object detection and place classification in a single system. We first perform automated learning of object-place relations from an online annotated database. We then train object detectors on some of the most frequently occurring objects. Finally, we use detection scores as well as learned object-place relations to perform place classification of images. We also discuss areas for improvement and the application of this work to informed visual search. As a whole, the system demonstrates the automated acquisition of training data containing labeled instances (i.e. bounding boxes) and the performance of a state-of-the-art object detection technique trained on this data to perform place classification of realistic indoor scenes.
Joint user scheduling and power allocation for massive MIMO downlink with two-stage precoding

Large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with tens to hundreds of antennas is getting increasing attention for its very high spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. However, for frequency division duplexing (FDD) system, the cost of CSIT feedback becomes a bottleneck with the BS antennas increasing. To reduce the cost of the downlink training and the CSIT uplink feedback, joint spatial division and multiplexing (JSDM) scheme is proposed by Ansuman Adhikary, et al., which divides users into different groups according to their channel covariance eigenvectors and adopts the two-stage precoding. This paper proposes a joint user selection and power allocation (JUSPA) algorithm for JSDM scheme in massive MIMO downlink systems, which schedules users and allocates power iteratively with the MAX user scheduling and the Lagrange power optimization method. For user scheduling, it is noticed that the intra-group interference is so large that would disturb the user selection. Then the signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) of each beam is computed, neglecting the intra-group interference. The simulation results show that the proposed JUSPA algorithm performs better than the average power allocation method in the original JSDM scheme.
Extraction and analysis of antioxidant capacity in eight edible beans

Beans are known to be a rich source of antioxidants in foods. In this work, we report our preliminary studies of the use of microwave as a fast method for the extraction of antioxidants from beans. Antioxidant capacities of the extracts from cotyledon and hull of eight common beans were determined, using the β-carotene bleaching method. Microwave-assisted extraction was achieved using two solvents, 50:50 ethanol/water or 100% ethanol. For comparison, conventional heat extractions were also done at 100oC at 50:50 ethanol/water and 100% ethanol. The hull extracts exhibited more antioxidant activity than the cotyledon extracts. In most cases, the extraction with 50:50 ethanol:water tended to produce more antioxidants than extraction with 100% ethanol. The amount of extractables depends strongly on extraction temperature, with 150oC giving better results. Although there was no correlation between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity across the eight beans, within the data of each bean type the total phenolic content did correlate with antioxidant activity for most beans. The correlations were strongest for the extraction data on hull using 50:50 ethanol:water as the extraction solvent.
A prototype software framework for transferable computational health economic models and its early application in youth mental health

We are developing an economic model to explore multiple topics in Australian youth mental health policy. We want that model to be readily transferable to other jurisdictions. We developed a software framework for authoring transparent, reusable and updatable Computational Health Economic Models (CHEMs) (the software files that implement health economic models). We specified framework user requirements of a template CHEM module that facilitates modular model implementations, a simple programming syntax and tools for authoring new CHEM modules, supplying CHEMs with data, reporting reproducible CHEM analyses, searching for CHEM modules and maintaining a CHEM project website. We implemented the framework as six development version code libraries in the programming language R that integrate with online services for software development and research data archiving. We used the framework to author five development version R libraries of CHEM modules focused on utility mapping in youth mental health. These modules provide tools for variable validation, dataset description, multi-attribute instrument scoring, construction of mapping models, reporting of mapping studies and making out of sample predictions. We assessed these CHEM module libraries as mostly meeting transparency, reusability and updatability criteria that we have previously developed, but requiring more detailed documentation and unit testing of individual modules. Our software framework has potential value as a prototype for future tools to support the development of transferable CHEMs.
Drug control in prisons

: This article examines the UK government's recent prison drug control strategy. The focus is on the control aspects of the proposals, for example, tightening security and the introduction of mandatory urine testing. A national telephone survey of prison Heads of Custody reveals broad support for the strategy but indicates that there are certain tensions and conflicts within it. These tensions are likely to make implementation problematic and limit its effectiveness. It is argued that, given the complexity of the prison system, a drug strategy needs to be firmly embedded within overall prison and penal strategies.
Switched Capacitor Sample-and-Hold Circuit with Input Signal Range beyond Supply Voltage

A switched capacitor sample-and-hold (S/H) circuit with extended dynamic range beyond the supply voltage is presented. The proposed architecture includes a gate-bootstrapped circuit and an improved flip-around S/H with two selectable configurations. Simulations in a 0.13 ¿m CMOS technology show that the new system is capable of sampling a below-ground signal and allows an interface adapter that enhances the dynamic range of the low-voltage analog-to-digital (A/D) converters without affecting the input bandwidth.
Is an Independent Self a Requisite for Asian Immigrants' Psychological Well-Being in the U.S.? The Case of Korean Americans

Summary This study examined the effect of both independent and interdependent self-construals on Asian immigrants' psychological well-being in the U.S., using a community sample of adult Koreans. Given that society rewards certain behaviors and attitudes that are consistent with the valued social norms, an independent view of self that matches the expectation of American society was hypothesized to promote Korean immigrants' psychological well-being. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that Korean immigrants with a highly independent self-construal expressed significantly less depressive symptoms and significantly more life satisfaction than those with a less independent self-construal. Furthermore, as was also expected, an interdependent view of self that is valued in many Asian cultures did not hinder Korean immigrants' psychological well-being, controlling for the correlates of these immigrants' mental health and self-construals. The results underscore the importance of self-conceptions in cross-cultural adaptation, and suggest the need of future research focusing on the potential benefits of both types of self-construal for Asian immigrants in the U.S.
Reducing Investigator Bias in Sampling-Based Land Cover Classification by Integrating Multiple Investigators' Maps Using a Multiple Classifier System

Land cover classification plays a pivotal role in describing Earth's surface characteristics. However, these thematic classifications can be affected by uncertainties introduced by an investigator's bias. While land cover classification mapping is becoming easier for us due to the emergence of cloud geospatial platforms such as Google Earth Engine, such uncertainty is often overlooked. Thus, this study aimed to create a robust land cover classification map by reducing investigator-induced uncertainty from independent investigators' maps using a multiple classifier system. In Saitama City, Japan, as a case study, 44 investigators used a point-based visual interpretation method via Google Earth Engine to collect stratified reference samples across four different land cover classes: forest, agriculture, urban, and water. These samples were then used to train a random forest classifier, ultimately resulting in the creation of individual classification maps. We quantified pixel-level discrepancies in these maps, which came from inherent investigator-induced variability. To tackle these uncertainties, we developed a multiple classifier system incorporating K-Medoids to group the most reliable maps and minimize discrepancies. We further applied Bayesian analysis to these grouped maps to produce a unified, accurate classification map. This yielded an overall accuracy of 92.5\% for 400 independent validation samples. We discuss how our approach can also reduce salt-and-pepper noise, which is often found in individual classification maps. This research underscores the intrinsic uncertainties present in land cover classification maps attributable to investigator variations and introduces a potential solution to attenuate these variations.