Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets in Three Indian Languages

In this paper, we describe the results of sentiment analysis on tweets in three Indian languages – Bengali, Hindi, and Tamil. We used the recently released SAIL dataset (Patra et al., 2015), and obtained state-of-the-art results in all three languages. Our features are simple, robust, scalable, and language-independent. Further, we show that these simple features provide better results than more complex and language-specific features, in two separate classification tasks. Detailed feature analysis and error analysis have been reported, along with learning curves for Hindi and Bengali.
Treg suppress CTL responses upon immunization with HSP gp96

HSP gp96‐based vaccines have been trialled in rodent models and, more recently, in humans. Better understanding of gp96's immunomodulatory role will help with the design of more effective strategies for treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In this study, we monitored the activities of T cells and activation of Treg in BABL/c mice after immunization using different doses of gp96 as adjuvant. We found that co‐injection of gp96 simultaneously stimulated both CTL and Treg activity. Activation of CTL at low dose was far more pronounced than Treg activation. Treg population and suppression increased with gp96 dose, eventually abrogating the T‐cell response induced by immunization. Low‐dose cyclophosphamide treatment could restore the T‐cell responses lost after high‐dose gp96 adjuvant injection by suppression of Treg activation. We further examined the effect of different doses of gp96 or N355 peptide administration on tumor rejection. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms of gp96‐mediated balance between regulatory and responder T cells, which may facilitate future development of an effective gp96‐based therapeutic vaccine.
Structural and functional aspects of laser irradiation and magnetic field influence on biological objects

An influence of IR laser irradiation (up to 60 mW) and magnetic field (up to 200 mT1) on reparative process and proliferative potency of cells has been studied in experiments. Irradiation modulation by the frequencies from 1 to 1000 Hz has varied an output laser power. The parameters of magneto-laser action used in this work make it possible to deliver laser energy to maximum depth in biological tissues. It has been shown that there are concrete diapasons of biostimulating doses and frequencies of IR laser irradiation and low magnetic field. An increase of wound closure rate in vivo and proliferative activity of cells in vitro takes place under the magneto-laser effect.
Analysis on Increasing Customer Sales by the Use of Restaurant Recommender System

In a restaurant recommender system the main focus is on the user rating or perhaps the customer satisfaction that is significant of all. The contextual features are closely studied which aids as the precipitate for the study. In order to identify relevant contextual information for the study, only those cardinal features that are significant for the decision criteria are considered. Subsequently these features which are identified are used for the analysis. However, insignificant features may not scale up well for the study. This reduces dimensionality issues. Previously this kind of an approach using contextual feature has been utilized for various studies in restaurant recommender system. This is of prime importance in order to build the relevant contextual user profile. The customer rating or the level of satisfaction stated by the customer is used to study the perception of the restaurant by the customer. Also to extract those customers who visit a particular restaurant moderately than in comparison with those who visits very often or visits less than moderate. These customers are extracted to be focused upon for increase of sale by sending them text messages or emails regarding the offers and other discounts which is more economical rather than sending those offers to every customer visiting the restaurant.
The Ideal Ionic Liquid Salt Bridge for the Direct Determination of Gibbs Energies of Transfer of Single Ions, Part I: The Concept.

Described is a procedure for the thermodynamically rigorous, experimental determination of the Gibbs energy of transfer of single ions between solvents. The method is based on potential difference measurements between two electrochemical half cells with different solvents connected by an ideal ionic liquid salt bridge (ILSB). Discussed are the specific requirements for the IL with regard to the procedure, thus ensuring that the liquid junction potentials (LJP) at both ends of the ILSB are mostly canceled. The remaining parts of the LJPs can be determined by separate electromotive force measurements. No extra-thermodynamic assumptions are necessary for this procedure. The accuracy of the measurements depends, amongst others, on the ideality of the IL used, as shown in our companion paper Part II.
The effect on photochemical smog of converting the U.S. fleet of gasoline vehicles to modern diesel vehicles

With the increased use of particle traps and nitrogen oxide (NOx) control devices to reduce air pollution, “modern” diesel vehicles are being encouraged over gasoline vehicles globally as a central method of slowing global warming. Data to date, though, suggest that the NO2:NO ratio from modern diesel may exceed that of gasoline, and it is difficult to reduce diesel NOx below gasoline NOx without increasing particle emissions. Here, it is calculated that, unless the diesel NO2:NO ratio and total NOx are reduced to those of gasoline, modern diesel, which should have lower hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions than gasoline, may still enhance photochemical smog at the surface and aloft, on average, over the U.S. relative to gasoline. The reason is that vehicle‐produced smog in the U.S. depends more on NOx and the NO2:NO ratio than on HCs or CO. It is also found that vehicle NOx controls may be more effective than NO2:NO ratio controls at reducing ozone.
Non‐linearities in bird responses across urbanization gradients: A meta‐analysis

Urbanization is one of the most extreme forms of environmental alteration, posing a major threat to biodiversity. We studied the effects of urbanization on avian communities via a systematic review using hierarchical and categorical meta‐analyses. Altogether, we found 42 observations from 37 case studies for species richness and 23 observations from 20 case studies for abundance. Urbanization had an overall strong negative effect on bird species richness, whereas abundance increased marginally with urbanization. There was no evidence that city size played a role in influencing the relationship between urbanization and either species richness or abundance. Studies that examined long gradients (i.e. from urban to rural) were more likely to detect negative urbanization effects on species richness than studies that considered short gradients (i.e. urban vs. suburban or urban vs. rural areas). In contrast, we found little evidence that the effect of urbanization on abundance was influenced by gradient length. Effects of urbanization on species richness were more negative for studies including public green spaces (parks and other amenity areas) in the sampled landscapes. In contrast, studies performed solely in the urban matrix (i.e. no green spaces) revealed a strong positive effect on bird abundance. When performing subset analyses on urban–suburban, suburban–rural and suburban–natural comparisons, species richness decreased from natural to urban areas, but with a stronger decrease at the urban–suburban interface, whereas bird abundance showed a clear intermediate peak along the urban–rural gradient although abundance in natural areas was comparable to that in suburban areas. This suggests that species loss happens especially at the urban–suburban interface, and that the highest abundances occur in suburban areas compared to urban or rural areas. Thus, our study shows the importance of suburban areas, where the majority of birds occur with fairly high species richness.
Mid‐term outcomes of routine proximal row carpectomy compared with proximal row carpectomy with dorsal capsular interposition arthroplasty for the treatment of late‐stage arthropathy of the wrist

Aims The aims of this study were to compare the mid‐term outcomes of patients with late‐stage arthritis of the wrist treated with proximal row carpectomy (PRC) and dorsal capsular interposition (DCI) arthroplasty with a matched cohort treated with routine PRC alone. Patients and Methods A total of 25 arthritic wrists (24 patients) with pre‐existing degenerative changes of the proximal capitate and/or the lunate fossa of the radius were treated with PRC + DCI over a ten‐year period. This group of patients were matched 1:2 with a group of 50 wrists (48 patients) without degenerative changes in the capitate or lunate fossa that were treated with a routine PRC alone during the same period. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 56.8 years (25 to 81), and the demographics and baseline range of movement of the wrist, grip strength, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score, and Patient‐Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score were similar in both groups. Results At a mean follow‐up of 5.9 years (1.8 to 11.8), significant improvements in mean grip strength, the flexion‐extension arc of movement of the wrist, QuickDASH, and PRWE scores were seen in both groups. There was no diifference between the groups for any of the outcomes. One patient in the PRC + DCI group required additional surgery for a deep infection, while two in the PRC group had complications (one wound dehiscence requiring revision closure, one transient radial sensory neuritis). One patient in each group required total arthrodesis of the wrist for progressive degenerative radiocarpal changes. A total of 70 patients (93%) were satisfied with the outcomes. Conclusion PRC with DCI is an effective form of treatment for late‐stage arthritis of the wrist involving the capitolunate joint, with mid‐term outcomes that are similar to those in patients without degenerative changes affecting the capitate or lunate fossa who are treated with a routine PRC alone.
Recent Advances in the Detection of Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters are chemicals that act as messengers in the synaptic transmission process. They are essential for human health and any imbalance in their activities can cause serious mental disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, monitoring the concentrations of various neurotransmitters is of great importance in studying and diagnosing such mental illnesses. Recently, many researchers have explored the use of unique materials for developing biosensors for both in vivo and ex vivo neurotransmitter detection. A combination of nanomaterials, polymers, and biomolecules were incorporated to implement such sensor devices. For in vivo detection, electrochemical sensing has been commonly applied, with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry being the most promising technique to date, due to the advantages such as easy miniaturization, simple device architecture, and high sensitivity. However, the main challenges for in vivo electrochemical neurotransmitter sensors are limited target selectivity, large background signal and noise, and device fouling and degradation over time. Therefore, achieving simultaneous detection of multiple neurotransmitters in real time with long-term stability remains the focus of research. The purpose of this review paper is to summarize the recently developed sensing techniques with the focus on neurotransmitters as the target analyte, and to discuss the outlook of simultaneous detection of multiple neurotransmitter species. This paper is organized as follows: firstly, the common materials used for developing neurotransmitter sensors are discussed. Secondly, several sensor surface modification approaches to enhance sensing performance are reviewed. Finally, we discuss recent developments in the simultaneous detection capability of multiple neurotransmitters.
Calvin Digital Commons Calvin Digital Commons Language support for Morton-order matrices Language support for Morton-order matrices

The uniform representation of 2-dimensional arrays serially in Morton order (or I order) supports both their iterative scan with cartesian indices and their divide-and-conquerma-nipulation as quaternary trees. This data structure is important because it relaxes serious problems of locality and latency, and the tree helps to schedule multi-processing. Results here show how it facilitates algorithms that avoid cache misses and page faults at all levels in hierarchical memory, independently of a speci(cid:12)c runtime environment. We have built a rudimentaryC-to-C translator that imple-ments matrices in Morton-order from source that presumes a row-major implementation. Early performance from LAPACK’s reference implementationof dgesv (linear solver), and all its supporting routines (including dgemm matrix-multiplication) form a successful research demonstration. Its performance predicts improvements from new algebra in back-end optimizers. We also present results from a more stylish dgemm algorithm that takes better advantage of this representation. With only routine back-end optimizations inserted by hand (unfolding the base case and passing arguments in regis-ters), we achieve machine performance exceeding that of the manufacturer-crafted dgemm running at 67% of peak (cid:13)ops. And the same code performs similarly on several machines. Together, these results show how existing codes and fu-(cid:3) Supported, in part, by the National Science Foundation under a grant numbered CDA93{03189.
Acute Pressor Response to Psychosocial Stress Is Dependent on Endothelium‐Derived Endothelin‐1

Background Acute psychosocial stress provokes increases in circulating endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) levels in humans and animal models. However, key questions about the physiological function and cellular source of stress‐induced ET‐1 remain unanswered. We hypothesized that endothelium‐derived ET‐1 contributes to the acute pressor response to stress via activation of the endothelin A receptor. Methods and Results Adult male vascular endothelium‐specific ET‐1 knockout mice and control mice that were homozygous for the floxed allele were exposed to acute psychosocial stress in the form of cage switch stress (CSS), with blood pressure measured by telemetry. An acute pressor response was elicited by CSS in both genotypes; however, this response was significantly blunted in vascular endothelium‐specific ET‐1 knockout mice compared with control mice that were homozygous for the floxed allele. In mice pretreated for 3 days with the endothelin A antagonist, ABT‐627, or the dual endothelin A/B receptor antagonist, A‐182086, the pressor response to CSS was similar between genotypes. CSS significantly increased plasma ET‐1 levels in control mice that were homozygous for the floxed allele. CSS failed to elicit an increase in plasma ET‐1 in vascular endothelium‐specific ET‐1 knockout mice. Telemetry frequency domain analyses suggested similar autonomic responses to stress between genotypes, and isolated resistance arteries demonstrated similar sensitivity to α1‐adrenergic receptor‐mediated vasoconstriction. Conclusions These findings specify that acute stress‐induced activation of endothelium‐derived ET‐1 and subsequent endothelin A receptor activation is a novel mediator of the blood pressure response to acute psychosocial stress.
Are patients with bipolar disorder and comorbid attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder more neurocognitively impaired?

Research on neurocognitive impairment in adult patients with comorbid bipolar disorder (BD) and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is very scarce. This study assessed the neurocognitive profile of a comorbid group (BD+ADHD) compared with that of pure BD (pBD) group, pure ADHD (pADHD) group and healthy controls (HCs).
Acute pressure changes in the brain are correlated with MR elastography stiffness measurements: initial feasibility in an in vivo large animal model

The homeostasis of intracranial pressure (ICP) is of paramount importance for maintaining normal brain function. A noninvasive technique capable of making direct measurements of ICP currently does not exist. MR elastography (MRE) is capable of noninvasively measuring brain tissue stiffness in vivo, and may act as a surrogate to measure ICP. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of changing ICP on brain stiffness using MRE in a swine model.
Self-rated Health and Mortality due to Kidney Diseases: Racial Differences in the United States

Background: Although the role of self-rated health (SRH) on all-cause mortality is known, we still do not know whether SRH predicts death due to specific causes (e.g., kidney disease). The current study aimed to compare Blacks and Whites on the association between SRH and mortality due to kidney diseases. A nationally representative sample of adults in the United States was used to provide generalizable results to the United States population. Materials and Methods: The Americans' Changing Lives study is a nationally representative cohort, conducted from 1986–2011. The study followed 3361 Blacks (n = 1156) and Whites (n = 2205) for up to 25 years. The outcome was time to death due to kidney diseases, derived from death certificates and the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to test whether race and baseline SRH interact on mortality due to kidney diseases. Results: In the pooled sample, poor SRH (odds ratio [OR] = 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24–4.24) was associated with an increased risk of death due to kidney diseases over the follow-up period. Baseline SRH also showed a significant interaction with race on the outcome (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.25–0.96), suggesting a stronger effect of SRH on deaths due to kidney diseases for Whites compared to Blacks. In race-specific models, poor SRH at baseline increased risk of death due to kidney diseases among Whites (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.14–4.34) but not Blacks (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.54–2.41). Conclusions: Blacks and Whites differ regarding the predictive role of baseline SRH on death due to kidney diseases over time. Factors such as SRH better predict risk of mortality for Whites than for Blacks.
Estimation of Image Sensor Fill Factor Using a Single Arbitrary Image

Achieving a high fill factor is a bottleneck problem for capturing high-quality images. There are hardware and software solutions to overcome this problem. In the solutions, the fill factor is known. However, this is an industrial secrecy by most image sensor manufacturers due to its direct effect on the assessment of the sensor quality. In this paper, we propose a method to estimate the fill factor of a camera sensor from an arbitrary single image. The virtual response function of the imaging process and sensor irradiance are estimated from the generation of virtual images. Then the global intensity values of the virtual images are obtained, which are the result of fusing the virtual images into a single, high dynamic range radiance map. A non-linear function is inferred from the original and global intensity values of the virtual images. The fill factor is estimated by the conditional minimum of the inferred function. The method is verified using images of two datasets. The results show that our method estimates the fill factor correctly with significant stability and accuracy from one single arbitrary image according to the low standard deviation of the estimated fill factors from each of images and for each camera.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the French Version of the Savoring Beliefs Inventory

The Savoring Beliefs Inventory (SBI) is a measure designed to assess attitudes toward savoring positive experience within three temporal orientations: the past (reminiscence), the present moment (present enjoyment), and the future (anticipation). The aim of this study was to validate the structure of the SBI—French version. The scale was tested with 335 French-speaking participants. Two models were estimated: a one-factor model representing a general construct of savoring and a three-factor model differentiating between anticipation, present enjoyment, and reminiscence. Several indicators of model fit were used: the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the comparison fit index (CFI), the Tucker–Lewis fit index (TLI), and the standardized root mean residual (SRMR). A chi-square difference test was used to compare the two models. The model fit of the three-factor model assessed by the SRMR showed to be excellent, while it could be considered as satisfactory according to the CFI and TLI coefficients. RMSEA, however, was slightly less adequate. The model fit for the one-factor model seemed less adequate than the three-factor solution. Further, the chi-square difference test revealed that the three-factor model had significantly better fit than the one-factor model. Finally, the reliability of the four scores (anticipating pleasure, present moment pleasure, reminiscing pleasure, and total score) was very good. These results show that the French version of the SBI is a valid and valuable scale to measure attitudes regarding the ability to savor positive experience, whether it be in anticipation, reminiscence, or the present moment.
The physiological effects of concurrent strength and endurance training sequence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the chronic effects of the sequence of concurrent strength and endurance training on selected important physiological and performance parameters, namely lower body 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max/peak). Based on predetermined eligibility criteria, chronic effect trials, comparing strength-endurance (SE) with endurance-strength (ES) training sequence in the same session were included. Data on effect sizes, sample size and SD as well other related study characteristics were extracted. The effect sizes were pooled using, Fixed or Random effect models as per level of heterogeneity between studies and a further sensitivity analyses was carried out using Inverse Variance Heterogeneity (IVHet) models to adjust for potential bias due to heterogeneity. Lower body 1RM was significantly higher when strength training preceded endurance with a pooled mean change of 3.96 kg (95%CI: 0.81 to 7.10 kg). However, the training sequence had no impact on aerobic capacity with a pooled mean difference of 0.39 ml.kg. min−1 (95%CI: −1.03 to 1.81 ml.kg.min−1). Sequencing strength training prior to endurance in concurrent training appears to be beneficial for lower body strength adaptations, while the improvement of aerobic capacity is not affected by training order.
Development of a contact heat exchanger for a constructable radiator system

A development program for a contact heat exchanger to be used to transfer heat from a spacecraft coolant loop to a heat pipe radiator is described. The contact heat exchanger provides for a connectable/disconnectable joint which allows for on-orbit assembly of the radiator system and replacement or exchange of radiator panels for repair and maintenance. The contact heat exchanger does not require the transfer of fluid across the joint; the spacecraft coolant loop remains contained in an all welded system with no static or dynamic fluid seals. The contact interface is also "dry' with no conductive grease or interstitial material required.