Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuous hidden Markov model based gear fault diagnosis and incipient fault detection

Wear fault is one of the failure modes most frequently occurring in gears. Identifying different wear levels, especially for early wear is a challenge in gear fault diagnosis. In this paper, a machine learning methodology for performing diagnosis is presented. It is developed based on hidden Markov model (HMM). A HMM is defined as a doubly stochastic process. The underlying stochastic process is a discrete time finite-state homogeneous Markov chain. The state sequence is not observable and so is called hidden. HMM's construction process and the condition monitoring process are same. So, the HMM can be used to model the mechanical fault progress process. There are some authors applying HMM in machine fault diagnosis. However, HMM with different observation styles applying in machine fault diagnosis will produce different results. With enough history data, this paper aims to using these different HMMs to classify the different levels of gear wears automatically and analysis the performance of these models. These observation styles are discrete integer observation which is the quantized fault features extracted from the vibration signals, continuous observation which is the feature with no quantizing extracted from the vibration signals and observation which is the preprocessed vibration signals. The gear wear experiments were conducted and the vibration signals were captured from the gears under different loads and motor speeds. HMM with three different styles observation is applied to identify the gear wears and the applied results are analyzed. The results show that the features with no quantizing as the observations of the HMM for diagnosis perfected best. But, at the case of no history data, HMM which the observations are the preprocessed vibration signals is used to do the incipient fault detection. The result shows the validity of the method.
Accuracy of Measures of Medication Adherence in a Cholesterol-Lowering Regimen

This study examined the concordance between multiple measures of adherence, as well as sensitivity to detection of poor adherers, specificity, and predictive validity using a daily cholesterol-lowering regimen. Participants (N = 180) aged 24 to 60 years participated in an adherence ancillary study in a clinical trial. Males constituted 53.9% of this well-educated, community sample. Data on adherence were collected over a 6-month period, using electronic monitoring, self-report, specific recall, and pill counts. Electronically monitored (odds ratio [OR] = 5.348) and Shea self-report (OR = 2.678) predicted cholesterol lowering. Days (78.9%) and intervals (84.2%) adherent and the Shea (73.7%) were sensitive to the detection of poor adherers. Moderate associations were found between measures of the same type. Low correlations were found otherwise. The electronic monitor was the most accurate and informative measure. The Shea self-report was the most accurate brief, global estimate of adherence. Other measures were not associated with clinical outcome or sensitive to poor adherence.
FPGA emulation and prototyping of a cyberphysical-system-on-chip (CPSoC)

Cyber-Physical Systems-on-Chip (CPSoC) are a new class of sensor- and actuator-rich multiprocessor system-on-chips (MPSoCs) whose operations are monitored, coordinated, and controlled using a computing-communication-control (C3) centric core with additional on-chip and cross-layer sensing and actuation capabilities that enable self-awareness within the observe-decide-act (ODA) paradigm. In order to build, evaluate, and illustrate the effectiveness of various features of this new MPSoC paradigm in a fast and cost effective way, a rapid prototyping and emulation platform along with the tool chains is absolutely necessary. In this paper, we present a design library and an FPGA emulation and prototyping platform to build and investigate self-aware adaptive computing using CPSoC paradigm. Our example implementation of CPSoC prototyping using Xilinx FPGAs includes ring-oscillator (RO) based multipurpose sensors integrated with a sensor network-on-chip (sNoC) which in turn is interfaced either to a bus based shared memory architecture or to a communication and computation network-on- chip (cNoC) distributed fabric supporting several actuation mechanism in the software and hardware stack. We also briefly discuss few applications of the CPSoC design library and the platform.
Dynamic Security Border Identification Using Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization

The ongoing deregulation of the energy market increases the need to operate modem power systems close to the security border. This requires enhanced methods for vulnerability border tracking. The high-dimensional nature of power systems' operating space makes this difficult. However, new multiagent search techniques, such as particle swarm optimization, have shown great promise in handling high-dimensional nonlinear problems. This paper investigates the use of a new variation of particle swarm optimization to identify points on the security border of the power system, thereby identifying a vulnerability margin metric for the operating point.
Utility-based resource allocation for virtual machines in Cloud computing

One of the challenges of Infrastructure-as-a-Service Clouds is how to dynamically allocate resources to virtual machines such that quality of service constraints are satisfied and operating costs are minimized. The tradeoff between these two conflicting goals can be expressed by a utility function. In this paper, a two-tier resource management approach based on adequate utility functions is presented, consisting of local controllers that dynamically allocate CPU shares to virtual machines to maximize a local node utility function and a global controller that initiates live migrations of virtual machines to other physical nodes to maximize a global system utility function. Experimental results show the benefits of the proposed approach in Cloud computing environments.
Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is required for obesity-associated recruitment of inflammatory macrophages into adipose tissue

Infiltration of inflammatory macrophages into adipose tissues with the progression of obesity triggers insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic diseases. We recently reported that macrophage-derived apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) protein is increased in blood in line with obesity progression and is incorporated into adipocytes, thereby inducing lipolysis in adipose tissue. Here we show that such a response is required for the recruitment of adipose tissue macrophages. In vitro, AIM-dependent lipolysis induced an efflux of palmitic and stearic acids from 3T3-L1 adipocytes, thereby stimulating chemokine production in adipocytes via activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In vivo administration of recombinant AIM to TLR4-deficient (TLR4−/−) mice resulted in induction of lipolysis without chemokine production in adipose tissues. Consistently, mRNA levels for the chemokines that affect macrophages were far lower in AIM-deficient (AIM−/−) than in wild-type (AIM+/+) obese adipose tissue. This reduction in chemokine production resulted in a marked prevention of inflammatory macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue in obese AIM−/− mice, although these mice showed more advanced obesity than AIM+/+ mice on a high-fat diet. Diminished macrophage infiltration resulted in decreased inflammation locally and systemically in obese AIM−/− mice, thereby protecting them from insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. These results indicate that the increase in blood AIM is a critical event for the initiation of macrophage recruitment into adipose tissue, which is followed by insulin resistance. Thus, AIM suppression might be therapeutically applicable for the prevention of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
Novel somatic mutations in the BRCA1 gene in sporadic breast tumors

Germline mutations in two major susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to the majority of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Besides the germline mutation, tumor progression depends on the loss of a wild‐type allele. Allelic losses in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 loci have also been detected in a high proportion of sporadic breast tumors, suggesting the role of these genes in the development of non‐inherited breast cancer. Forty unselected breast tumors were analyzed for the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at BRCA1 and BRCA2 regions and tumors with allelic deletions were screened for the presence of acquired genetic alterations in respective genes. 21.1% of 38 informative tumor samples carried LOH at the BRCA1 locus whereas 33.3% of 39 informative samples showed LOH at the BRCA2 locus. Pathogenic truncating mutations in the BRCA1 gene were found in two tumor samples with allelic losses, whereas no mutations were identified in the BRCA2 gene. Mutations were not detected in non‐tumor samples from the same individuals, which indicated that the BRCA1 allele was inactivated by somatic mutations in tumor tissue. The c.1116G>A (1235G>A) nonsense mutation (p.W372X) belongs to the genetic abnormalities detected infrequently in hereditary tumors; the c.3862delG (3981delG) frameshift mutation (p.E1288fsX1306) is a novel gene alteration. The occurrence of inactivating somatic mutations in sporadic breast tumors suggested the role of the BRCA1 gene in tumorigenesis in at least a minor group of patients with non‐familial breast cancer. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
T7 lytic phage‐displayed peptide libraries exhibit less sequence bias than M13 filamentous phage‐displayed peptide libraries

We investigated whether the T7 system of phage display could produce peptide libraries of greater diversity than the M13 system of phage display due to the differing processes of lytic and filamentous phage morphogenesis. Using a bioinformatics‐assisted computational approach, collections of random peptide sequences obtained from a T7 12‐mer library (X12) and a T7 7‐mer disulfide‐constrained library (CX7C) were analyzed and compared with peptide populations obtained from New England BioLabs' M13 Ph.D.‐12™ and Ph.D.‐C7C™ libraries. Based on this analysis, peptide libraries constructed with the T7 system have fewer amino acid biases, increased peptide diversity, and more normal distributions of peptide net charge and hydropathy than the M13 libraries. The greater diversity of T7‐displayed libraries provides a potential resource of novel binding peptides for new as well as previously studied molecular targets. To demonstrate their utility, several of the T7‐displayed peptide libraries were screened for streptavidin‐ and neutravidin‐binding phage. Novel binding motifs were identified for each protein.
Spontaneous production of interleukin 3 by T lymphocytes from autoimmune MRL/MP‐lpr/lpr mice

MRL/MP‐lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice develop a lupus‐like autoimmune disease and a massive generalized lymphadenopathy associated with proliferation of nonmalignant Thy‐1+ Lyt‐1+ cells. The mechanism(s) leading to outgrowth of these cells is unknown.
Contribution to the cerebral forward model by depth electric stimulation and SEEG measurements : application in epilepsy. (Contribution au modèle direct cérébral par stimulation électrique de profondeur et mesures SEEG : application a l'épilepsie)

to the inverse problem (source localization methods) used in many applications in EEG and SEEG. The inverse solution requires repeated computation of the forward problem, i.e. the simulation of EEG and SEEG fields for a given dipolar source in the brain using a volume-conduction model of the head. As for DBS, the location of source is well defined. Therefore, in this thesis, we search for the best head model for the forward problem from real synchronous measurements of EEG and SEEG with DBS in several patients. So, the work of the thesis breaks up into different parts for which we need to accomplish the following tasks : - Creation of database : 3000 DBS measurements for 42 patients ; - Extraction of DBS signal from SEEG and EEG measurements using multidimensional analysis : 5 methods have been developed or adapted and validate first in a simulation study and, secondly, in a real SEEG application ; - Localization of SEEG electrodes in MR and CT images, including segmentation of brain matter. - SEEG forward modeling using infinite medium, spherical and realistic models based on MRI and CT of the patient ; - Comparison between different head models and validation with real in vivo DBS measurements. - Validation of realistic 5-compartment FEM head models by incorporating the conductivities of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), gray and white matters.
Calmodulin controls the rod photoreceptor CNG channel through an unconventional binding site in the N‐terminus of the β‐subunit

Calmodulin (CaM) controls the activity of the rod cGMP‐gated ion channel by decreasing the apparent cGMP affinity. We have examined the mechanism of this modulation using electrophysiological and biochemical techniques. Heteromeric channels, consisting of α‐ and β‐subunits, display a high CaM sensitivity (EC50 ⩽5 nM) similar to the native channel. Using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, we identified two unconventional CaM‐binding sites (CaM1 and CaM2), one in each of the N‐ and the C‐terminal regions of the β‐subunit. Ca2+ co‐operatively stimulates binding of CaM to these sites exactly within the range of [Ca2+] occurring during a light response. Deletion of the N‐terminal CaM1 site results in channels that are no longer CaM‐sensitive, whereas deletion of CaM2 has only minor effects. We discuss different models to explain the high‐affinity binding of CaM.
Probability adjustment Naïve Bayes algorithm based on nondomain-specific sentiment and evaluation word for domain-transfer sentiment analysis

In the research of sentiment analysis, some supervised learning algorithms play an important role. Among them, Naïve Bayes is often used in engineering application due to its low computational and space complexity. While traditional Naïve Bayes algorithm has been shown to perform very well in domain-specific sentiment classification, it often performs badly in domain-transfer problem. So we propose a probability adjust Naïve Bayes algorithm (PANB) to solve this problem. We use polarity D-value PointWise Mutual Information (PDPMI) method to obtain nondomain-specific words and their weight score, and then use the weight score to adjust probability of feature in training step. The result of experiment shows that our approach usually achieves better performance than traditional Naïve Bayes classifier.
Coagulopathy and hemostatic monitoring in cardiac surgery: An update

Abstract Objectives. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes severe derangements in the hemostatic system, which in turn puts the patient at risks of microvascular bleeding. Excessive transfusion and surgical re-exploration after cardiac surgery are potentially associated with a number of adverse outcomes including increased mortality. Design. This review describes coagulopathies occurring in cardiac surgery and the monitoring of these. Viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHA) have routinely been used in cardiac surgery for more than 25 years and at least 16 studies (involving more than 3250 patients, including three randomized controlled trials) have compared VHA to routine coagulation tests (RCoT) with regards to their ability to predict bleeding and re-do surgery and also with regards to transfusion requirements secondary to hemostatic therapy based on VHA vs. RCoT. Results. All 16 studies demonstrated superiority with VHA as compared to RCoT both in predicting bleeding and need for re-do surgery and in reducing the total amount of blood transfusions by employing goal-directed administration of blood products based on VHA as compared RCoT based therapy or at the clinicians discretion. Conclusions. The different types of coagulopathies observed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery requires adequate and timely hemostatic therapy and real-time monitoring with WHA such as TEG/ROTEM and whole blood platelet aggregometry.
Identifying teacher needs for promoting Education through Science as a paradigm shift in Science Education

This paper identifies an 'education through science' philosophy for school science teaching at the secondary level and determines its interrelationship with approaches to student acquisition of key educational competences and the identification of teacher needs to promote meaningful learning during science lessons. Based on the philosophy, factors identified as integral to the PROFILES project (PROFILES, 2010) and aspects related to the teaching approach, the paper sets out to put forward areas of potential teacher professional need and plan for an effective continuous development (CPD) programme to promote teacher's self- efficacy in undertaking teaching through 'education through science,' as advocated in PROFILES. From a breakdown of desired students' learning and components related to teacher self-efficacy, the professional needs of teachers are identified by means of a validated Teacher Needs Questionnaire (TNQ), covering identified pedagogical content knowledge and philosophical expectations, together with follow-up interviews with selected teachers. The TNQ/interview outcomes were analysed and used to develop a continuous professional development programme for teachers. Findings show that teacher competences needs were mainly focused on educational theories, assessment, inquiry-based learning and self-reflection, while their self-identified, perceived need for professional development was much wider and support in all potential components were requested. The wide request from teachers made the planning of the CPD more difficult but the various components were interlinked with the competence requirements in the developed CPD programme.
Uromyces hawksworthii nom. nov. for Aecidium goyazense, on Phthirusa stelis (Loranthaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado

The sexual morph of Aecidium goyazense collected in the Brazilian Cerrado was morphologically characterized by light microscopy and SEM, and shown to be a species of Uromyces, for which the name Uromyces hawksworthii nom. nov. is introduced, and designated as its epitype. This is the second Uromyces species known to infect the tropical genus Phthirusa (Loranthaceae). DNA sequences were generated from the ITS and 28S rRNA (LSU) regions of DNA recovered from aeciospores as well as teliospores. This fungus is compared with other Uromyces species known from Loranthaceae.
Efficient Analysis of Frequency-Selective Surfaces by a Simple Equivalent-Circuit Model

The transmission and reflection properties of frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs) are evaluated through a simple and accurate first-order circuit approach. The approximate analysis, based on the parallel between real structure and a lumped-LC-network counterpart, is also useful for acquiring physical insights into the working principles of frequency-selective surfaces. The first part of the paper describes a technique for computing lumped parameters of the most common frequency-selective-surface elements. The L and C parameters representing a given frequency-selective-surface element are derived only one time, at normal incidence, and stored, so as to form a database. The second part of the paper deals with the derivation of simple relations allowing the generalization of the stored LC couples in the case where the frequency-selective surface is printed or embedded in arbitrarily thick dielectric slabs, when the incident angle is varied from normal incidence, or if a different periodicity with respect to the reference periodicity is adopted. The generalized lumped parameters are included in an equivalent transmission line for computing the response of generic frequency-selective-surface configurations with no additional computational effort. The results obtained through the simplified model presented here are verified by a careful comparison with MoM simulations.
Uteroglobin reverts the transformed phenotype in the endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line HEC‐1A by disrupting the metabolic pathways generating platelet‐activating factor

Uteroglobin, originally named blastokinin, is a protein synthesized and secreted by most epithelia, including the endometrium. Uteroglobin has strong anti‐inflammatory properties that appear to be due, at least in part, to its inhibitory effect on the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2. In addition, recent experimental evidence indicates that uteroglobin exerts antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects in different cancer cells via a membrane receptor. The human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line HEC‐1A does not express uteroglobin. Thus, we transfected HEC‐1A cells with human uteroglobin cDNA. The transfectants showed a markedly reduced proliferative potential as assessed by impaired plating efficiency as well as by reduced growth in soft agar. Cytofluorimetric analysis clearly indicated that in uteroglobin‐transfected cells the time for completion of the cell cycle was increased. We previously demonstrated that HEC‐1A cells actively synthesize platelet‐activating factor, one of the products of phospholipase A2 activity. In addition, we demonstrated that platelet‐activating factor stimulates the proliferation of these cells through an autocrine loop. In uteroglobin transfectants, the activity of phospholipase A2 and platelet‐activating factor acetyl‐transferase, which are involved in the synthesis of platelet‐activating factor, was significantly reduced compared with wild‐type and vector‐transfected cells (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that enforced expression of uteroglobin in HEC‐1A cells markedly reduced their growth potential and significantly impaired the synthesis of platelet‐activating factor, an autocrine growth factor for these cells. These data suggest that one possible mechanism for the recently observed antineoplastic properties of uteroglobin may be the inhibition of the synthesis of platelet‐activating factor. Int. J. Cancer 88:525–534, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current Conduction Model for Oxide-Based Resistive Random Access Memory Verified by Low-Frequency Noise Analysis

A conduction model consisting of two parallel resistances from a highly conductive filament region and a uniform leakage oxide region is proposed in this brief to represent the current conduction in the filament-type switching resistive random access memory cell. Low-frequency noise analysis of current fluctuation at different resistance states has been employed to verify its efficiency. It is found that, in the low-resistance regime, filament resistance dominates current conduction and noise varies as a power law of resistance, whereas in the high-resistance regime, uniform oxide leakage is the major source of conduction, giving rise to a nearly constant noise level.