Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interleaving impact on harmonic current in DC and AC passive components of paralleled three-phase voltage-source converters

This paper presents a complete analysis studying the impact of interleaving on harmonic current in DC passive components for paralleled three-phase voltage-source converters (VSCs). The analysis performed considers the effects of modulation index, displacement angle, and the interleaving angle. The results show that the harmonic current in DC capacitor depends strongly on displacement angle, and to minimize the harmonic current interleaving angle should vary from pi/2 to pi as the displacement angle varies from zero (unity power factor) to pi/2 (zero power factor). The modulation index can also affect the impact much. Because of the limit of the pages, the impact of interleaving on harmonic current in AC boost inductor is only shown in principle. All the analysis is based on an example system containing two VSCs. However the proposed analysis method in frequency domain is easily expandable for multiple paralleled VSCs. Experimental results have verified the analysis results.
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate and Alteration of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Morphology: a Rapid, Sensitive In Vitro Assay for the Enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli

The major limitation to our understanding of the clinical importance of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in diarrheal illness has been the lack of a simple rapid assay for the enterotoxin produced by certain E. coli. On the basis of the activation of adenylate cyclase by heat-labile enterotoxin of E. coli (LT) and by cholera toxin (CT) in intestinal and other tissues, cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with known morphological responses to dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) were exposed to these enterotoxins. Crude culture filtrates of LT-producing E. coli and CT stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation and cell elongation in CHO cells. The similarity of time course, concentration dependence, and potentiation by phosphodiesterase inhibitors suggested cyclic AMP mediation of the morphological change. Heat inactivated CT and LT in this system. Choleragenoid inhibited CT; antiserum against CT inhibited both enterotoxin effects. In contrast to culture filtrates of 16 strains of E. coli known to produce LT, culture filtrates from 13 E. coli that do not produce LT did not alter CHO cell morphology. The morphological change is a simple, specific assay for these enterotoxins and detect 3 × 10−17 mol of CT or a 1:250 dilution of crude culture filtrate of LT-producing E. coli 334.
On how to extract breathing rate from PPG signal using wearable devices

In this paper, an algorithm for breathing rate extraction from PPG signal is proposed. Two critical aspects have been endorsed during the implementation: i) good performances and ii) low computational complexity. The proposed solution is based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) approach and it proves to be robust and accurate even in presence of noisy epochs. It has been validated on two distinct datasets: a)experimental data we have collected using wearables for physiological monitoring and b) recording sessions from PhysioBank MIMIC II Waveform Database. The presented results showed a mean absolute error of 0.0044 Hz, corresponding to 0.26 breaths per minute.
Revisiting the protective and pathogenic roles of neutrophils: Ly‐6G is key!

The physiological and pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in immune homeostasis and disease have been investigated extensively by way of anti‐Gr‐1 mAb‐mediated depletion experiments; however, the ability of the anti‐Gr‐1 mAb to specifically deplete neutrophils has long been questioned and it is now known that this mAb, which binds Ly6C and Ly6G, is also able to deplete monocytes and subsets of CD8+ T cells. This, therefore, casts doubt on the previous conclusions regarding the role of neutrophils drawn from studies using this mAb. Another mAb, which targets Ly6G only, has recently been shown to deplete neutrophils specifically and a study by Carr et al. (Eur. J. Immunol. 2011. 41: 2666–2676) in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology utilizes this Ly‐6G mAb to reveal the precise role of neutrophils during Listeria monocytogenes (LM) infection. Carr et al. find that monocytes/macrophages, rather than neutrophils, dominate the initial control of LM growth in the spleen, whereas neutrophils in the liver are key for host resistance to LM infection. These data suggest that the previously reported protective or pathogenic roles of neutrophils in disease models need to be reconsidered through anti‐Ly6G mAb‐mediated depletion experiments.
A prominent approach to determine the excellence of students E-Dissertation using h-index and UCINET

An Impact Factor is one measure of the relative importance of a journal, individual article or scientist to science and social science literature and research. Each index or database used to create an impact factor uses a different methodology and produces slightly different results, revealing the importance of using several sources to judge the true impact of a journal's or scientist's work. In the web environment, impact factor is measured through the number of hyperlinks counts and number of WebPages. The concept of self-citation is replaced by self-links, i.e., the links within the websites and citation is replaced by in-links, i.e., the links coming outside the websites. As we know, WIF is the logical sum of external and self-link WebPages divided by number of web pages found on that particular websites. There are number of ways to find the impact of journal, paper, and Web sites etc. The proposed system is going to find impact factor of students E-Dissertation by using h-index and the related links of E-Dissertation represented diagrammatically by using UCINET software. This system is used to measure the quality of E-Dissertation. Most of the E-Dissertations are downloaded from the Web or required pages can read from the Web site itself. This was done by means of a citation analysis and a reader survey. For the citation analysis, impact factor, citing half-life, number of references per article, and the rate of self-references of a periodical were used as indicators. Webometric data have been collected through Yahoo! And Google search engines using special query syntax.
Heat Shock Protein 70 Gene Transfection Protects Mitochondrial and Ventricular Function Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Background—Upregulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is beneficial in cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury, but the mechanism of action is unclear. We studied the role of HSP70 overexpression through gene therapy on mitochondrial function and ventricular recovery in a protocol that mimics clinical donor heart preservation. Methods and Results—Hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ)-liposome technique was used to transfect isolated rat hearts via intracoronary infusion of either the HSP70 gene (HSP group, n=16) or no gene (CON group, n=16), which was heterotopically transplanted into recipient rats. Four days after surgery, hearts were either perfused on a Langendorff apparatus for 30 minutes at 37°C (preischemia studies [n=8/group]) or perfused for 30 minutes at 37°C, cardioplegically arrested for 4 hours at 4°C, and reperfused for 30 minutes at 37°C (postischemia studies [n=8/group]). Western blotting and immunohistochemistry confirmed HSP70 upregulation in the HSP group. Postischemic mitochondrial respiratory control indices (RCIs) were significantly better preserved in HSP than in CON hearts: NAD+-linked RCI values were 9.54±1.1 versus 10.62±0.46 before ischemia (NS) but 7.98±0.69 versus 1.28±0.15 after ischemia (P <0.05), and FAD-linked RCI values were 6.87±0.88 versus 6.73±0.93 before ischemia (NS) but 4.26±0.41 versus 1.34±0.13 after ischemia (P <0.05). Postischemic recovery of mechanical function was greater in HSP than in CON hearts: left ventricular developed pressure recovery was 72.4±6.4% versus 59.7±5.3% (P <0.05), maximum dP/dt recovery was 77.9±6.6% versus 52.3±5.2% (P <0.05), and minimum dP/dt recovery was 72.4±7.2% versus 54.8±6.9% (P <0.05). Creatine kinase release in coronary effluent after reperfusion was 0.20±0.04 versus 0.34±0.06 IU · min−1 · g wet wt−1 (P <0.05) in HSP versus in CON hearts. Conclusions—HSP70 upregulation protects mitochondrial function after ischemia-reperfusion injury; this was associated with improved preservation of ventricular function. Protection of mitochondrial function may be important in the development of future cardioprotective strategies.
Outage Probability Analysis of a Coherent FSO Amplify-and-Forward Relaying System

In this letter, we propose and analyze an amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying system for coherent free-space optics (FSOs) applications. In particular, we derive, in series expressions, the lower bound of the outage probability of the proposed system using modal compensation to mitigate the atmospheric turbulence-induced amplitude fluctuation and phase aberration. The performance of the derived lower bound of the outage probability is confirmed by the very tight Monte-Carlo simulation result. We show that the coherent FSO AF relaying system could be used for practical applications in case of Zernike compensation mode J = 20, requiring the SNR of 32.5 dB in the outage probability of 10-6. It is also noted that the AF relaying system is comparable in performance with the DF relaying system.
Hypertension, pulse, and other cardiovascular risk factors and vitamin D status in Finnish men.

BACKGROUND Debate exists about the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and cardiovascular (CVD) risk. METHODS This study investigated baseline (n=2,271) 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and baseline and 4 year (n=1,957) CVD risk in a cohort of Finnish middle-aged male smokers. RESULTS The prevalences of measured hypertension, high pulse rate, diabetes, and coronary heart disease were 63%, 16%, 5%, and 10% at baseline and were 64%, 20%, 6%, and 16% at 4 years after baseline. The mean 25(OH)D was 41±18 nmol/L. At baseline, systolic blood pressure (β = -0.048; P = 0.02), and pulse rate (β = -0.043; P = 0.04) were both associated with lower 25(OH)D levels but not coronary heart disease or diabetes prevalence. On remeasuring CVD risk 4 years after baseline, the only significant association with baseline 25(OH)D levels was high pulse rate (β = -0.077; P = 0.001). In addition, a higher 25(OH)D level at baseline was associated with a change in pulse rate (β = -0.055; P = 0.01). These trends for hypertension (baseline) and high pulse rate (baseline and 4 years after baseline) were also seen on adjusted categorical analysis (P trend < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency at baseline was associated with hypertension in Finnish male smokers, but not after 4 years. These results are consistent with recent findings in other large cohort studies with measured blood pressure. Change in pulse rate over time continued to be significantly associated with lower 25(OH)D baseline levels; this new finding should be investigated further.
Model Predictive Control: A Review of Its Applications in Power Electronics

Model-based predictive control (MPC) for power converters and drives is a control technique that has gained attention in the research community. The main reason for this is that although MPC presents high computational burden, it can easily handle multivariable case and system constraints and nonlinearities in a very intuitive way. Taking advantage of that, MPC has been successfully used for different applications such as an active front end (AFE), power converters connected to resistor inductor RL loads, uninterruptible power supplies, and high-performance drives for induction machines, among others. This article provides a review of the application of MPC in the power electronics area.
A role of insular cortex in cardiovascular function

We sought to determine whether the insular cortex contributes to the regulation of arterial blood pressure (AP). Responses to electrical and chemical stimulation of the cortex were studied in the anesthetized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated Sprague‐Dawley rat. The insular cortex was initially defined, anatomically, by the distributions of retrogradely labeled perikarya following injections of wheat germ agglutinin‐horseradish peroxidase (WGA‐HRP) into the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). Injections of WGA‐HRP into the insular cortex anterogradely labeled terminals in cardiopulmonary and other divisions of the NTS and confirmed projections revealed by retrograde tracing experiments.
Conservation of the structure of keratin intermediate filaments: molecular mechanism by which different keratin molecules integrate into preexisting keratin intermediate filaments during differentiation.

During development and differentiation, the intermediate filament component of the cytoskeleton of many cells and tissues is rebuilt by a dynamic exchange process in which one set of protein chains is replaced by another, without recourse to creation of a new network. One major example is the replacement of keratin 5/keratin 14 (K5/K14) keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) by K1/K10 KIFs during terminal differentiation in the epidermis. The present work was undertaken to explore how this may occur. We have induced lysine-lysine cross-links with disulfosuccinimidyl tartrate in K5/K14 KIFs in order to determine the axial dimensions and relative axial alignments of the K5/K14 molecules. Many of the cross-links induced in subfilamentous oligomers containing one, two, or three molecules were also found in the intact KIF, indicating that the body of data thus generated provides physiologically relevant information on the structural organization in the KIF. A least-squares analysis using as data the positions of lysine residues involved in 23 induced cross-links has allowed the axial alignments of the various coiled-coil segments in the rod domain to be determined. Three modes of antiparallel alignment of two neighboring molecules were found: A11 (staggered by -16.7 nm), A22 (staggered by 28.8 nm), and A12 (almost in register; staggered by only 0.3 nm). Since the axial repeat length is about 1 nm less than the molecular length, the data require a fourth mode of molecule alignment, termed ACN, in which similarly directed molecules are overlapped by the equivalent of about 5-10 residues. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Contribution of the Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases PdeA and PdeB to Adaptation of Myxococcus xanthus Cells to Osmotic or High-Temperature Stress

ABSTRACT A tBLASTn search of the Myxococcus xanthus genome database at The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) identified three genes (pdeA, pdeB, and pdeC) that encode proteins homologous to 3′,5′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. pdeA, pdeB, and pdeC mutants, constructed by replacing a part of the gene with the kanamycin or tetracycline resistance gene, showed normal growth, development, and germination under nonstress conditions. However, the spores of mutants, especially the pdeA and pdeB mutants, placed under osmotic stress germinated earlier than the wild-type spores. The phenotype was the opposite of that of the receptor-type adenylyl cyclase (cyaA or cyaB) mutant. Also, pdeA and pdeB mutants were found to have impaired growth under the condition of high-temperature stress. Intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels of pdeA or pdeB mutant cells under these stressful conditions were about 1.3-fold to 2.0-fold higher than those of wild-type cells. These results suggest that PdeA and PdeB may be involved in osmotic adaptation during spore germination and temperature adaptation during vegetative growth through the regulation of cAMP levels.
Phonologic errors as a clinical marker of the logopenic variant of PPA

Objective: To disentangle the clinical heterogeneity of nonsemantic variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and to identify a coherent linguistic-anatomical marker for the logopenic variant of PPA (lv-PPA). Methods: Key speech and language features of 14 cases of lv-PPA and 18 cases of nonfluent/agrammatic variant of PPA were systematically evaluated and scored by an independent rater blinded to diagnosis. Every case underwent a structural MRI and a Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET scan, a putative biomarker of Alzheimer disease. Key speech and language features that showed association with the PiB-PET status were entered into a hierarchical cluster analysis. The linguistic features and patterns of cortical thinning in each resultant cluster were analyzed. Results: The cluster analysis revealed 3 coherent clinical groups, each of which was linked to a specific PiB-PET status. The first cluster was linked to high PiB retention and characterized by phonologic errors and cortical thinning focused on the left superior temporal gyrus. The second and third clusters were characterized by grammatical production errors and motor speech disorders, respectively, and were associated with low PiB brain retention. A fourth cluster, however, demonstrated nonspecific language deficits and unpredictable PiB-PET status. Conclusions: These findings suggest that despite the clinical and pathologic heterogeneity of nonsemantic variants, discrete clinical syndromes can be distinguished and linked to specific likelihood of PiB-PET status. Phonologic errors seem to be highly predictive of high amyloid burden in PPA and can provide a specific clinical marker for lv-PPA.
Requirement of KISS1 secretion for multiple organ metastasis suppression and maintenance of tumor dormancy.

BACKGROUND The KISS1 protein suppresses metastasis of several tumor models without blocking orthotopic tumor growth, but the mechanism remains elusive. For its role in human sexual maturation, KISS1 protein is secreted and processed to kisspeptins, which bind to the G protein-coupled receptor GPR54. We tested the hypothesis that KISS1 secretion is required for metastasis suppression via GPR54. METHODS KISS1 containing an internal FLAG epitope with (KFM) or without (KFMdeltaSS) a signal sequence was transfected into C8161.9 human melanoma cells, which do not express endogenous KISS1. Whole-cell lysates and conditioned medium from C8161.9(KFM) and C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS) cells were collected and analyzed for kisspeptins by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. GPR54 levels were measured using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The ability of conditioned medium from C8161.9(KFM) and C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS) cells to stimulate calcium mobilization in GPR54-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-G) and in C8161.9 cells was evaluated. Metastasis was monitored in athymic mice (groups of 10 per experiment) that were injected with C8161.9(KFM) or C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS) cells labeled with enhanced green fluorescent protein. Survival of mice injected with C8161.9 or C8161.9(KFM) cells was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS Full-length KFM and KFMdeltaSS were detected in whole-cell lysates of C8161.9(KFM) and C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS) cells, respectively, but kisspeptins were detected only in conditioned medium of C8161.9(KFM) cells. In vivo, C8161.9(KFM), but not C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS), cells were suppressed for metastasis to lung, eye, kidney, and bone, with corresponding differences in mouse survival (median > 120 versus 42 days). C8161.9(KFM) cells seeded mouse lungs but did not form macroscopic metastases. Conditioned medium from C8161.9(KFM), but not C8161.9(KFMdeltaSS), cells stimulated calcium mobilization in CHO-G cells. GPR54 expression was low in C8161.9 cells, which were not stimulated by conditioned medium from C8161.9(KFM) cells. CONCLUSIONS KISS1 secretion was required for multiple organ metastasis suppression and for maintenance of disseminated cells in a dormant state. The absence of GPR54 expression in C8161.9 cells (whose metastatic spread was suppressed by KFM) suggests that metastasis suppression is not mediated through this receptor. The results imply the existence of another KISS1 receptor and/or paracrine signaling. The findings raise the possibility that soluble KISS1, kisspeptins, or mimetics could be used to maintain tumor dormancy, rendering treatment of already disseminated tumor cells (i.e., micrometastases) a legitimate target.
Activation of potassium channels during metabolite detoxification in Escherichia coli

In bacteria the detoxification of compounds as diverse as methylglyoxal and chlorodinitrobenzene proceeds through the formation of a glutathione adduct. In the Gram‐negative bacteria, e.g. Escherichia coli, such glutathione adducts activate one, or both, of a pair of potassium efflux systems KefB and KefC. These systems share many of the properties of cation‐translocating channels in eukaryotes. The activity of these systems has been found to be present in a range of Gram‐negative bacteria, but not in the glutathione‐deficient species of Gram‐positive organisms. The conservation of the activity of these systems in a diverse range of organisms suggested a physiological role for these systems. Here we demonstrate that in E. coli cells activation of the KefB efflux system is essential for the survival of exposure to methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal can be added to the growth medium or its synthesis can be stimulated in the cytoplasm. Under both sets of conditions survival is aided by the activity of KefB. Inhibition of KefB activity by the addition of 10 mM potassium to the growth medium stimulates methylglyoxal‐induced cell death. This establishes an essential physiological function for the KefB system.
Development and Test of a Single-Aperture 11 T $ \hbox{Nb}_{3}\hbox{Sn}$ Demonstrator Dipole for LHC Upgrades

The upgrade of the LHC collimation system foresees installation of additional collimators around the LHC ring. The longitudinal space for the collimators could be provided by replacing some 8.33 T NbTi LHC main dipoles with shorter 11 T Nb3Sn dipoles compatible with the LHC lattice and main systems. To demonstrate this possibility, FNAL and CERN have started a joint program with the goal of building a 5.5 m long twin-aperture dipole prototype suitable for installation in the LHC. The first step of this program is the development of a 2 m long single-aperture demonstrator dipole with a nominal field of 11 T at the LHC nominal current of 11.85 kA and ~ 20% margin. This paper describes the design, construction, and test results of the first single-aperture Nb3Sn demonstrator dipole model.
A Bedtime Dose of ARB Was Better than a Morning Dose in Improving Baroreflex Sensitivity and Urinary Albumin Excretion—The J-TOP Study

The hypothesis that the bedtime dosing of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) is superior to morning dose in improving baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) was tested in this study. Baroreflex sensitivity was measured at baseline and at 6th month (N = 109) and was found to increase in the bedtime-dose group (P = .004), but not in the morning-dose group. The correlations between the change in BRS and the change in UACR were insignificant in the morning-dose group (r = 0.17, P = .26), but were significant in the bedtime-dose group (r = –0.29, P = .04). In conclusion, the improvement of BRS could be one of the mechanisms by which bedtime dosing of ARB confers renal protection.